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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..acd55da --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #64984 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/64984) diff --git a/old/64984-0.txt b/old/64984-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ff6c726..0000000 --- a/old/64984-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8273 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Biographical catalogue of the portraits at -Weston, the seat of the Earl of Bradford, by Mary Louisa Boyle - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Biographical catalogue of the portraits at Weston, the seat of - the Earl of Bradford - -Author: Mary Louisa Boyle - -Release Date: April 03, 2021 [eBook #64984] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Fay Dunn, Barry Abrahamsen, and the Online Distributed - Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was - produced from images generously made available by The Internet - Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE OF THE -PORTRAITS AT WESTON, THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD *** - - -[Illustration: - - ARISE ✤ PRAY ✤ WORK -] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE - OF THE PORTRAITS AT WESTON - THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - _BIOGRAPHICAL_ - _CATALOGUE_ - OF THE PORTRAITS - AT WESTON - THE SEAT OF - _THE EARL OF BRADFORD_ - - - ❦ - - - ‘_A true delineation, even of the smallest - man, and his scene of pilgrimage through - life, is capable of interesting the - greatest man; for all men are to an - unspeakable degree brothers, each man’s - life a strange emblem of every man’s, and - human portraits faithfully drawn are, of - all pictures, the welcomest on human - walls._’ CARLYLE. - - - _LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK_ - 1881. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - TO - - - LORD AND LADY BRADFORD, - - - THESE PAGES, - - - WRITTEN UNDER THE PRESSURE OF MANY DIFFICULTIES, - - - ARE AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED - - - BY THEIR FAITHFUL KINSWOMAN - - - MARY BOYLE. - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -[Illustration] - - - - -IN completing the last contribution I shall make to the Biographical -Catalogues of the Portrait Galleries of four English noblemen, I must -make a few personal remarks. I began the pleasant task, which I -undertook at the request of my dear cousin, Lord Sandwich, now many -years ago, before my defective sight rendered the work difficult. The -respective collections of Lords Bath and Cowper at Longleat and -Panshanger next occupied my attention, but the increasing malady in my -eyesight rendered every fresh step more arduous. In this last work, to -other stumbling-blocks has been added the pressure of ill-health and -deep sorrow; against these obstacles I have fought as stoutly as I -could, cheered on by the hope of giving satisfaction to Lord and Lady -Bradford, to whose family my own for many generations has been connected -by ties of relationship and friendship. But I am well aware that in -spite of my best endeavours errors may have crept into this work, and -shortcomings must be but too evident. On the indulgence of the owners of -Weston, I must, therefore, rely for pardon; proffering at the same time -my best thanks to Lord Bradford himself for the kind help he has -afforded me; while to Mr. George Griffiths of Weston Bank I can scarcely -say enough to express my gratitude for his unwearied and valuable -assistance. I wish that, in relinquishing a task in which I have found -great delight, I could persuade some members of noble and gentle -families to follow my example in rescuing from oblivion the records of -portraits which adorn the walls of their homes. It has often been a -subject of deep concern to me, while staying in some beautiful -country-house, to find that the younger portion of the family, at least, -were often entirely ignorant of any details respecting the lives of the -men and women who look down upon them from the walls, and who in some -cases have lived, loved, enjoyed, suffered, and died in those very -apartments. To the dear old traditions of home such acquaintance with -our predecessors and their surroundings lends many a charm, and I have -found so much pleasure in my work that I cannot but regret my inability -to the further prosecution thereof; but I have reaped a rich reward in -the acquaintance I have made with particulars of the lives of the great, -the good, and the celebrated; and as I wander through a -portrait-gallery, the paintings of which are, alas! now but a closed -book to me, the names which my more fortunate companions read aloud -conjure up a whole host of delightful and interesting recollections. - - - 22 SOUTH AUDLEY STREET, - _August 9th_, 1888. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - ENTRANCE HALL. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - ENTRANCE HALL. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. RACHEL, LADY RUSSELL. - - _In widow’s weeds. Leaning her cheek on her hand._ - - BORN (_circa_) 1636, DIED 1723. - - BY VANDERBANK. - - -SHE was the second daughter of Thomas, last Earl of Southampton, of the -Wriothesley family, by his first wife, Rachel de Ruvigny, of an old -Huguenot race, by whom he had two daughters, Elizabeth married to -Edward, Lord Noel, eldest son of the Earl Campden, and Rachel, the -subject of the present notice. She lost her mother when still a little -child, and we do not hear much of her youth. Her father married a second -and a third time, and it must have been about 1653 that she became the -bride of Lord Vaughan, son of the Earl of Carbery. We are inclined to -deduce from a passage in one of her letters that this marriage was one -of _convenance_, as she says to a friend, ‘The selection of the partners -usually rests with the relations, and not with those most interested in -the matter.’ Of Lord Vaughan we have few records; but some letters -addressed to his wife leave the impression that indolence was one of his -chief characteristics, that he was dilatory in business and averse to -writing of all kinds. It is fair, however, to add that these remarks are -only based on surmise. - -Lord and Lady Vaughan resided chiefly at an estate in Wales, belonging -to Lord Carbery, and at the present time (1888) the property of the Earl -of Cawdor. The Golden Grove is famed for its picturesque beauty, and -endeared to all admirers of Jeremy Taylor, by the tradition that he -composed _The Whole Duty of Man_ in the grounds adjoining the house. -Lord and Lady Vaughan made occasional visits to London, where in 1665 -she gave birth to a daughter, who only lived a few days. The breaking -out of the plague drove them back to their Welsh home, and Lord Vaughan -died not long after their return. On becoming a widow, Rachel went to -reside for some time with her sister, Lady Elizabeth Noel, at their old -home of Titchfield, in Hampshire, which had come by inheritance to Lady -Elizabeth, as the eldest daughter of Lord Southampton,—Stratton, in the -same county, falling to Lady Vaughan’s share. It was not long before -(among many admirers) that William Russell, the second son of Francis, -fifth Earl (afterwards first Duke) of Bedford, made himself conspicuous -by the devoted court he paid to the beautiful young widow. The -circumstance is thus alluded to, in a letter from her sister by -half-blood, Lady Percy: ‘For Mr. Russell’s concern I can say nothing -more than that he professes a great desire (the which I do not at all -doubt) that he and every one else has to gain one who is so desirable in -all respects.’ - -Desirable indeed, for Lady Vaughan was young, beautiful, intellectual, -wealthy, of a most gentle and loving disposition, and possessing a fund -of unassuming piety. There was no disparity in the marriage, for William -Russell was her equal, we might almost say her counterpart, with the -exception of fortune, he being a second son at the time of his marriage. -It was on this account that his wife for some time, in fact until the -death of her brother-in-law, Lord Russell, still retained, according to -general custom, her widowed title of Lady Vaughan. During the fourteen -happy years of Rachel’s happy life, which were chiefly spent at -Stratton, and Southampton House in London (both of which were hers by -inheritance), she had to endure very few separations from her -husband—such as when he was called away on public or private business; -occasional visits to his father at Woburn; absences contingent on his -elections in three different Parliaments, and attendance during the -short session at Oxford. Then the correspondence between the married -pair was constant and detailed, and testifies to their sympathy on every -subject, whether important or trifling, political or domestic. Happy as -she was in the present, with every human probability of the continuance -of that happiness in the future, there was a strange foreboding, as it -would appear, in Rachel’s mind, of coming evil, and it was remarkable -how in those early halcyon days her mental eyes seemed fixed on the -little cloud, no bigger than a man’s hand, in the horizon. It was indeed -as if she heard ‘the footfall of fate on her ear’; for her letters to -her husband, not very long after their marriage, are written in a most -desponding spirit. After dwelling with gratitude and delight on the -complete unity of their hearts and minds, she goes on to write to her -dearest William, dated from Stratton: ‘Let us cheerfully expect to live -together to a good old age, and, if God wills otherwise, then firmly -believe that He will support us under whatsoever trial He may see fit to -inflict.’ Noble and pathetic words, of which the sadder alternative was -to be her allotted portion. The summer was usually passed at Stratton, -the winter in London. Three children were born to them—two daughters, in -1674 and 1676, and a son in 1680,—blessings which were counterbalanced -by the loss of her beloved sister, Lady Elizabeth Noel. The society of -the children enhanced the delight of their beloved home at Stratton. On -one occasion Rachel wrote to her husband at the last-mentioned place -from Southampton House in answer to a letter from him. She is so glad he -finds Stratton sweet, and hopes he will live for fifty years to enjoy -it, and that God may permit her to have his good company. But if it were -not so, she is sure he would be kind to ‘the brats.’ Flesh and blood -cannot have a truer sense of happiness than she has, his poor honest -wife. Such simple extracts are truly pathetic, when we call to mind that -in less than two years Rachel Russell was a widow. The circumstances of -Lord Russell’s arrest, his impeachment for high treason, his trial, -sentence, last days, and execution, with the part his devoted wife took -in all these proceedings, are all given in our notice of Lord Russell’s -life. In order to avoid repetition we simply give the dates here. -William, Lord Russell, was tried on the 13th of July 1683, and executed -the 21st August. - -After the last sad scene of leave-taking, elsewhere described, Rachel -returned to her desolate home of Southampton House. On the anguish of -such moments it is useless to dwell. She heard the hours from the -neighbouring belfry, which sounded like a chime of knells, as she sat in -perfect solitude—the little ones having cried themselves to sleep. Her -favourite sister, Elizabeth, was dead; her surviving sister, Lady -Northumberland, was out of England, and there was no one near enough her -heart whose society she could tolerate at that supreme moment. Her grief -was embittered and her indignation roused, not long after her lord’s -death, by the report that was circulated calling in question the -authenticity of the papers which he had given to the sheriffs on the -scaffold. She found it incumbent on her to write to the King, speaking -in the highest terms in her letter of Bishop Burnet, who had lately -fallen into disfavour at Court. Burnet had been privy to the document -written by Lord Russell in prison, and Rachel characterises the prelate -as a loyal subject to the King, and the most tender and faithful -minister to her dear lord. One of the last injunctions laid upon her (by -one whose wishes were never disobeyed), was that she should take care of -her health, and live for her children; and in the fulfilment of that -duty she found her best consolation. In a letter to the Bishop of -London, she says that she considered there was something so sublime in -the subject of her deepest sorrow, she firmly believes it had in a -degree kept her from being overwhelmed. And now began the long dreary -period of widowhood which lasted so many years. ‘Time, that ancient -nurse,’ which ‘rocks us to patience,’ found her indeed submissive, but -had little power to deaden the poignancy of her grief. In a letter to -‘uncle John’ (her lord’s uncle), she begs him to make some compliment of -her acknowledgment to his Majesty for not having enforced the forfeiture -of Lord Russell’s fortune. She concludes by saying: ‘When I hear you are -well it is part of the only satisfaction I can have in this wretched -world, where the love and company of the friends and relations of that -dear blessed person are most precious.’ - -Among Lady Russell’s most frequent and most intimate correspondents was -Dr. Fitzwilliam, the friend of her childhood, who had been her father’s -domestic chaplain. She also continued her intercourse with Bishop -Burnet, and tells him how diligently she superintends the education of -her children, Mistress Rachel, little Mistress Katey, and that precious -boy with whose wild freaks in happier days she was wont to entertain -papa. She confesses to the Bishop that she occasionally finds the -employment of teaching irksome to her overtaxed spirit; yet on the whole -it refreshes her, and she is resolved to prosecute the task alone and -unassisted. This plan the Bishop highly approves, and he alludes to the -circumstance in these words: ‘I am glad your children will need no other -governess, for as it is the greatest part of your duty, so the -occupation will be a noble entertainment, and the best diversion and -cure for your wasted and wearied spirit.’ It is to Bishop Burnet that -she describes her sensations on visiting her husband’s tomb at Chenies: -‘I did not go to seek the living among the dead, for I well knew that I -should see him no more, wherever I went, and I had made a covenant with -myself not to break out into unreasonable and fruitless passion, but -quicken my contemplation of his happiness.’ - -There are two classes of mourners most prevalent in the world, those who -give way to enervating emotion, nursing and encouraging the outward -expression of grief, and those who fly to some frivolous and unworthy -expedient to ‘lull the lone heart and banish care.’ To neither of these -classes did Lady Russell belong; she faced her affliction bravely but -submissively, believing with the poet[1] that - - ‘They who lack time to mourn, lack time to mend. - Eternity mourns that.’ - -Footnote 1: - - Philip van Artevelde. - -She spent a great deal of her time at Woburn, with her parents-in-law, -where she and her children were ever welcome; often meditating, and -frequently delaying her return to the once happy home of sweet Stratton. -But she was detained at Woburn first by the death of her mother-in-law, -and then by the dangerous illness of her son, which crushing anxiety she -thus turns to good account. Speaking of the possibility of losing ‘the -little creature,’ she writes to Dr. Fitzwilliam, ‘God has made me see -the folly of imagining I had nothing left, the deprivation of which -could be matter of much anguish, or its possession of any considerable -refreshment.’ But the blow was averted and the boy recovered. She left -Woburn, and instead of going direct to Stratton she started for -Totteridge in Hertfordshire, with him and her eldest girl, while little -Katey was left at Woburn to keep company with her aged grandfather. - -No one was more alive to the noble and loveable qualities of Lady -Russell than her dear lord’s father, and he writes her a most tender and -pathetic letter, evincing the deepest interest in her and her children, -especially in the recovery of the young heir, whose illness had caused -so much anxiety to the whole family. He addresses her as his dearest -daughter, and expresses himself in the quaint and courteous, though -somewhat stilted style of the day, hoping soon to have some comfortable -tidings of her and her dear little ones, assuring her that his grandson -is the subject of his constant prayers, and that while he has breath he -remains her affectionate father and friend to command. Written from -Woburn Abbey, the 7th day of June 1684; with a postscript: ‘My dear love -and blessing to my dear boy, and to Mistress Rachel. I am much cheered -by Mistress Catherine’s company; she is often with me, and looks very -well.’ It is interesting to remember that the respective ages of these -two playfellows were nine, and eighty. - -Lady Russell moved afterwards with her family to Southampton House, so -full of memories, sweet and bitter, of early happiness, subsequent -anxiety, and utter desolation. She was in London at the time of the -King’s death, and although she had no reason to regret Charles, yet to -one whose interest was never deadened in the course of public affairs, -there was little to be hoped for in the accession of James the Second. -The trials of Algernon Sidney, Hampden, and others, who were associated -with the memory of her lord, made her wounds bleed afresh, more -especially the execution of the Duke of Monmouth, Lord Russell’s most -intimate friend. ‘Never,’ she writes, ‘had a poor creature more -_awakers_ to quicken and revive her sorrow’; yet in alluding to -Monmouth’s fate she owns herself void of reason, that she should weep -when she ought to rejoice ‘that so good a man is safely landed on the -blessed shores of a safe eternity.’ She was detained in London longer -than she wished by the arrival of her uncle the Marquis de Ruvigny, who -had come over from France to assist in the endeavour to gain from the -King and Government the subversion of the attainder which affected the -Russell children. Very interesting letters and documents on this subject -are extant at Woburn Abbey. Lady Russell was very much attached to her -uncle, and welcomed him, his wife, and a favourite niece, to her house, -where the last-mentioned relative fell sick of malignant fever and died, -to the inexpressible grief of De Ruvigny. Rachel’s anxiety on account of -her own children may be imagined; she removed them to the country, and -then returned to London to comfort her sorrowing uncle. De Ruvigny later -on resided permanently in England, and became the centre of a small -colony of French refugees which settled at Greenwich, and he ended his -days in this country. The Earl of Devonshire, the faithful friend (when -Lord Cavendish) of William Russell, who had offered to change clothes -with him and remain in his stead in prison, had never slackened in his -friendship for his friend’s widow; and he now came forward with a -proposal of marriage between his eldest son and Rachel’s eldest daughter -and namesake. - -In those days no time was lost in such matters. My Lord Cavendish was -sixteen, Mistress Rachel fourteen. There were difficulties about -settlements (_car l’histoire se répète_) among the lawyers, but the -marriage did come off at last in spite of those everlasting impediments -to the course of true love. Deeply interested as she was in domestic -details and in arrangements for the future of her child, Lady Russell -was no indifferent spectator to the rapid strides which James the Second -was making towards the downfall of political and religious liberty which -he was too short-sighted to foresee would include his own. When M. -Dykeveldt, the minister plenipotentiary from Holland, arrived in London, -he waited on Lady Russell by the commands of the Prince and Princess of -Orange, being the bearer of autograph letters and the most flattering -messages from their Highnesses, speaking in terms of the highest -admiration and esteem of her patriot lord and the noble family to which -he belonged, and assuring her of friendship and sympathy and the hope -that they might in the future be useful to her and her son. Thus -commenced a correspondence which brought forth important fruits in the -coming changes. Her first visit to Stratton was very trying to her -heart, and though grateful that the children were too young to share -those feelings to any great extent, she could not but rejoice to -perceive in Mistress Rachel some memory of the loss they had sustained, -but then to be sure, as the reader will take into consideration, Rachel -Russell the younger was already fourteen years of age and a promised -wife! Three days the poor widow always gave to seclusion and reflection, -the anniversaries of the arrest, trial, and execution of her lord. In -the winter the family removed to London, and preparations were now going -on briskly for the marriage, when the poor _fiancée_ fell sick of the -measles, and it was not till midsummer 1689 that the celebration of the -marriage actually took place, being hurried at the last, we are told, -because my Lord (Devonshire, the bridegroom’s father) was in haste to go -to the Bath. - -The young couple spent their (crescent) honeymoon between Southampton -House and Woburn Abbey, and then the bridegroom set forth on a course of -foreign travel to finish his education which lasted two years, while my -Lady Cavendish remained an inmate of her mother’s home. The leading -members of the houses of Cavendish and Russell were among those -influential personages who had invited the Prince and Princess of Orange -to come over to England to the rescue of the kingdom; and when they -actually landed Rachel put herself in constant communication with her -old friend Bishop Burnet, at that time in the suite of the future -monarchs. She accompanied her aged father-in-law to London, in time to -witness the flight of James the Second, and there is extant an amusing -letter from young Lady Cavendish in which she describes to a bosom -friend, the decision of the two Houses of Parliament that William and -Mary of Orange should be King and Queen. She goes on to say she was -present at the proclamation, which gave her great pleasure, ‘for were -they not in the room of King James, my father’s murderer?’ At night she -went to Court to kiss the Queen’s hand, the King’s also, with her -mother-in-law, the Countess of Devonshire. She describes William ‘as a -man of no presence; he is homely at first sight, but when one looks long -on him he has something both wise and good.’ The Queen she considers -very handsome, and most graceful. - -One of the first acts of the new King and Queen was the reversal of the -attainder of William, Lord Russell; his execution had already been -declared to be a murder by the vote of the House of Commons. Honours of -different kinds were showered on the aged Earl of Bedford, the Earl of -Devonshire, and many of Lady Russell’s connections and friends, while -she herself was constantly referred to for advice and counsel by people -whom she held in great esteem, such as Dr. Fitzwilliam and Archbishop -Tillotson, who discussed with her questions of doctrine and faith, and -the propriety or expediency of accepting preferment under the new -_régime_. People of all opinions applied to Rachel to secure her good -offices with the new Sovereigns, and Lady Sunderland, whose husband had -been most instrumental in Lord Russell’s downfall, did not scruple to -ask her intercession. Passing years brought fresh trials in their train -for one who seemed indeed born for sorrow. In 1690 she lost her -remaining sister, the wife of Ralph, Lord afterwards Duke of Montagu, -and within a few weeks of her death she mourns that of her nephew Lord -Gainsborough, ‘that engaging creature,’ she writes, ‘the only son of the -sister whom I loved with so much passion,’ and now as a crowning grief -she is threatened with blindness. It had been said that this infirmity -proceeded from her constant weeping; and though one of her biographers -argues that it was impossible on account of the particular nature of the -disease, being cataract, those who unfortunately have experience in such -cases know well how noxious to the sight is the briny nature of sorrow’s -flood. It is piteous to read her sad anticipations of the coming evil, -and how she will have to forego that great relaxation and comfort to -her, of what she terms ‘society at a distance. But while light is left -her she will work.’ - -Lord Cavendish having now returned from the Continent was joined by his -young wife, and there was a sad gap when dearest Rachel left her home. -The fond mother writes to Lady Derby, Mistress of the Robes to Queen -Mary, recommending her daughter, who was much at Court, to that lady’s -kind protection; and now yet another of the young birds was called on to -leave the nest. Mistress Kate was asked in marriage by Lord Roos, eldest -son of the Earl of Rutland, esteemed the best match in all England. Yet -there were reasons of a political and domestic nature which caused Lady -Russell to hesitate before giving her final consent to the marriage. -There is an amusing description of the grand reception which the newly -married pair met with at the paternal estate of Belvoir, falling very -little short of the pomp and splendour due to royalty on such occasions. -We regret that our want of space precludes the introduction of some -interesting details. Rachel did not go to the marriage, for noise and -too much company made her eyes ache, and she was desirous to keep ‘the -little bit of sight she had left,’ which deserted her as soon as a -candle was lighted. There was still balm in Gilead. The operation for -couching was successfully performed, and the patient, after making use -of an amanuensis for some time, was able once more to resume her -correspondence and enjoy ‘society at a distance.’ Following this -inestimable blessing came the mark of royal favour which must have been -a source of intense gratification to Rachel, Lady Russell. Her -son-in-law and her father-in-law were both advanced to the rank of Dukes -of Devonshire and Bedford. And in the case of the latter, the honour was -enhanced to the old man, Lady Russell, and the whole family, by the -tribute paid in the words of the patent to the memory of his patriot -son. Sure never was sentiment so mingled before or since with legal and -formal documents, but the words (or preamble as it is called) were those -of the eloquent and refined Lord Chancellor Somers. The King in -bestowing the highest dignity in his gift declares, ‘We think it not -sufficient that his (Lord Russell’s) conduct and virtues should be -transmitted to all future generations upon the credit of public annals, -but will have them inserted in these our royal letters-patent as a -monument consecrated to the most accomplished and consummate virtue,’ -etc. etc. All honour to the house whose patent of nobility well deserves -the name! - -A general election was now impending, and Lady Russell received the most -flattering proposals from the leading members of the Government, that -her son should represent Middlesex in the House of Commons. She makes a -very gracious answer, and after taking counsel with the aged Duke, she -writes they have both come to the conclusion that a Parliament life -would interfere with the progress of Lord Tavistock’s education, he -being only fifteen. Strange times when schoolboys married and sat in -Parliament! The young heir went to Oxford (instead of to the House), -where he was more than once visited by his mother. - -When about seventeen Lord Tavistock started with a private tutor on a -continental tour, which lasted over two years, and which the young man -enjoyed perhaps a little too much. He made his mother a confidante of -all his pleasures, extravagancies, and escapades, for Tavistock was one -of those who loved the beautiful, whether in sights, sounds, or people. -He had also grand notions of the style in which the heir to an English -dukedom should live—must have a carriage with a fine pair of steppers -and two running footmen; his cravats must be of rich point lace, and his -suits finely embroidered. Moreover he found himself constrained to send -all the way from Rome to Leghorn to procure a periwig, as the world’s -capital could not furnish him with one to his taste. Then there were -flowers and gifts of jewels to please the fair Romans, and added to all -these ways and means of getting rid of his pocket-money, our traveller -had a decided inclination for gambling. His letters are the natural -outpourings of an enthusiastic youth in the heyday of spirits and -enjoyment, rather too easily led astray, and although they caused his -mother some distress, they contained nothing likely to diminish her -esteem for her only son. He confessed his delinquencies so frankly, -solicited help so humbly, and begged his beloved mother’s pardon, and -her intercession for that of his grandfather, in a most irresistible -manner. - -Within a year after Lord Tavistock’s return to England, he succeeded to -his grandfather’s titles and estates on the death of that good old man, -and in compliance with personal request made by his mother, the King -bestowed on him the Garter, and shortly afterwards he was appointed -Lord-Lieutenant of the three counties of Bedford, Middlesex, and -Cambridge, while at the Coronation of Queen Anne he acted as Lord High -Constable of England, and was made a Privy Councillor. He had married in -1669 the daughter of John Howland, Esquire, who was created Lord Howland -of Streatham, in order to obviate any appearance of a _mésalliance_. But -all this prosperity was of short duration; eleven years after his -accession to the title, at the early age of thirty-one, Wriothesley, the -second Duke of Bedford, fell a victim to the terrible disease, which in -those days (before inoculation or vaccination was known) wrought such -ravages in England. When the character of the illness was announced, the -Duchess and his children were sent to a distance, but the fond mother -watched by his bedside to the last, and writes, after all is over, to -her cousin Lord Galway: ‘I am in such disorder of spirits, so full of -confusion, and amazement, that I am incapable of saying or doing what I -should. I did not know the greatness of my love for his person, till I -could see it no more.’ The poor mourner had scarcely time to lift her -head, bowed by the combined weight of age and sorrow, before another -crushing blow fell on her. Her sweet Katey (now Duchess of Rutland) died -in giving birth to her tenth child, at the same moment that the Duchess -of Devonshire was expecting her confinement. From her Lady Russell had -the arduous task of concealing the fact of the other’s death. The two -sisters had loved each other tenderly, and there was great difficulty in -evading the inquiries which the Duchess constantly made after her dear -Katey. ‘I saw her yesterday,’ was the sad subterfuge, ‘out of her bed.’ -Alas! it was in her coffin. - -The Duke of Rutland was not slow in providing himself with a second -wife, and this unseemly haste was not calculated to soothe Lady -Russell’s mind, but when she found that his intentions with regard to -her daughter’s children were just and generous, she thought it advisable -‘to let the matter pass easily.’ She had now arrived at an advanced age, -somewhat infirm in body, but unimpaired in mind, with a trembling hand, -but an unclouded intellect, and she busied herself in composing prayers -and meditations for her own use, and in making, as it were, a full -confession of her failings and shortcomings (which she called sins); -reviewing as she did so the whole of her past life. This document was -left unfinished at the time of her death. When at the age of eighty-six, -her health gave way. - -A letter from Lady Rachel Morgan (wife of Sir William Morgan of -Tredegar) to her brother, Lord James Cavendish, says: ‘The bad account -we have received of Grandmamma Russell has put us into great disorder -and hurry. Mamma has left us and gone to London. I believe she has -stopped the letters, so we are still in suspense; the last post brought -us so bad an account that we have reason to fear the worst. I hope mamma -will get to town in time to see her alive, because it would be a great -satisfaction to both.’ This letter is dated 26th September. On the 29th -of the same month 1723, Rachel, Lady Russell, ended her exemplary and -blameless life, so replete with stirring incidents, both of a public and -private nature, so full of transient joy and abiding sorrow. She lived -to see her children raised to honour and prosperity, but, alas! she had -the misfortune to survive those who, in the common course of nature, -should have wept her loss. She was buried by the side of her dear lord -at Chenies, in Buckinghamshire, where an elaborate monument is erected -to their memory. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. LADY ROBERT RUSSELL. - - _Oval. Tawny and blue dress._ - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -SHE was the daughter of Edward Russell, and widow of Thomas Cheek of -Pirgo, county Sussex. She married her cousin, Lord Robert Russell. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE. - - _In robes of office: scarlet and ermine, with cap and gold chain. - Gloves in left hand._ - - BORN 1609. DIED 1674. - - BY RILEY. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. LORD ROBERT RUSSELL. - - _Oval. Dark brown dress. Wig. Lace cravat._ - - DIED 1722. - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -HE was the fifth son of the first Duke of Bedford, by Anne Carr, -daughter of the Earl of Somerset. He married his cousin in 1690, the -widow of Thomas Cheek, by whom he had no children. In 1660 and 1661 he -travelled on the Continent, accompanied by his brother Edward, and a -tutor. He served in seven Parliaments for Tavistock. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. HUGO DE GROOT, OR GROTIUS. - - _When a boy. Black dress. White collar._ - - BORN 1583. DIED 1645-6. - - BY MIEREVELDT. - - -BORN at Delft, the son of John de Groot (Dutch for ‘Great’), of an -ancient family, Burgomaster of the town, and Curator of the recently -founded University of Leyden, which was destined to become so famous. -Hugo was one day totally to eclipse the fame of his father, though he -too was a man of great learning and cultivation. Hugo was remarkable for -his proficiency in Latin and Greek when a mere child, and, unlike most -precocious geniuses, he fulfilled his early promise. He was placed with -an Arminian minister at the Hague, and when only eight years old, -composed some Latin verses, which are still extant. At the age of eleven -he was entered as a student at Leyden, and became the pet (so to speak) -of a circle of learned professors, of whom he was destined to become the -foremost. In those early days Hugo distinguished himself in every branch -of learning, addressed a Greek ode to the Prince of Orange, which gained -him great κυδος, as did shortly afterwards a Latin poem in honour of -Henry the Fourth of France. - -In 1598 Hugo accompanied Count Justin of Nassau (natural son of William -the Silent) and John Olden Barneveldt on a diplomatic mission to Paris. -Henry the Fourth, remembering the tribute paid him by the young -foreigner, showed him especial favour, presented him with his picture -and a chain of massive gold, and pointed him out to the courtiers as ‘a -miracle of learning, and the wonder of Holland.’ The young Prince of -Condé also took great delight in his society, and called him his -secretary. To this youthful patron Grotius dedicated his first printed -work, _Martianus Capella_. - -Hugo remained in Paris for about a year, when a summons from his parents -called him home. On his return he took up his abode at the house of -Prince Maurice of Nassau’s chaplain, a learned and pious man, where he -studied law without neglecting his literary labours. He pleaded his -first cause at Delft when only seventeen, gaining thereby the greatest -applause. He published works on astronomy, physics, navigation, both in -dead and living languages, and his description of the siege of Ostend -(which place had held out three years against the Spaniards) was -considered a masterpiece. His writings on contemporary history, in which -he did full justice to the noble and patriotic deeds of his countrymen, -also called especial attention to the merits of the young author, and -the Government were easily induced to listen to the recommendation of -Olden Barneveldt, and in due time Hugo Grotius was selected as -historiographer, and this in preference to many candidates, all of whom -were his seniors, while the salary was increased in consideration of the -nominee’s acknowledged talents. The French King wished to secure him as -President of the Library at Paris, and the star of Grotius was now in -the ascendant. He was named to the post of Pensionary of the city of -Rotterdam, vacant by the death of Elias, brother to Olden Barneveldt, -with whom Grotius now contracted an intimate friendship. This office, -together with other privileges, entitled the holder to a seat in the -Assembly of the States of Holland, and afterwards to the same honour in -that of the States-General. On this promotion, Grotius’s father was -desirous that his son should marry, and an alliance was accordingly -agreed on with Maria von Reigensberg, a lady of noble family in Zeeland, -the daughter of a Burgomaster of Veer, in that province. The bride, it -would seem, was by no means comely in appearance; she was stoutly built -and of a swarthy complexion, but the future proved Maria von Grotius to -be a woman of strong affection, acute intelligence, and indomitable -courage. Shortly after his arrival in Rotterdam, Grotius was sent to -England on a mission connected with some dispute which had arisen -between the Dutch and English, connected with the whale fisheries, and -here he was cordially welcomed by James the First, with whom he had many -conferences, on matters theological, as well as diplomatic, while his -society was eagerly courted by all the men of eminence in this country. -But a storm was gathering over the calm horizon of Hugo Grotius’s -hitherto bright career. On his return to Rotterdam he found that the -religious differences which had been gradually waxing hotter and hotter -throughout the United Provinces had now assumed a most formidable -aspect. The whole country was divided into two separate factions of the -Arminians and the Gomarites; the former party strongly opposing, and the -latter strenuous upholding, the doctrines of Calvin. After some -wavering, or perhaps we had better say investigation, of the subject, -Grotius decided on embracing the tenets of Arminius. Remonstrances and -counter-remonstrances were brought forward by the two parties, Synods -were convened, public disturbances ensued, and the disputes which had -commenced in a question of dogma developed into political animosity. A -decree was issued by the States, with a view to putting down the serious -riots which had lately occurred, and extraordinary powers were granted -to magisterial bodies, a measure which, combined with others equally -obnoxious to him, gave great offence to Maurice of Nassau, the -Stadtholder, and he was violently incensed against the men at whose -instigation the step had been taken. Between the prince and the friend -of his youth, John Olden Barneveldt, great differences of opinion had -for some time existed, and it was in the year 1619 that this venerable -patriot and his friend Grotius were both thrown into prison—whence the -former, after a summary and unjust trial, only came out on his way to -the scaffold. In that solemn moment Barneveldt showed great solicitude -as to the fate of his friend, and learning in answer to his question -that Grotius did not lie under sentence of death, he exclaimed, ‘I -greatly rejoice, for he is young, and will, I firmly trust, live long to -be of service to his country.’ The trial of Grotius followed, and -accusations as groundless as those which had been brought forward -against the grand Pensionary were laid to his charge, including treason -to his country, complicity with Spain, etc. etc., and he was sentenced -to imprisonment for life and the confiscation of his entire property. He -was conveyed from one prison to another, until the castle of -Loevenstein, near Gorcum in South Holland, was chosen for his final -resting-place. This gloomy old fortress was considered impregnable, and -the most stringent measures were taken against escape; indeed the -internal arrangements of the building and its contiguity to the river -seemed to preclude all possibility of evasion. Here Grotius and his -learned friend Hogersbaert were immured, and by dint of manifold -petitions and ‘continual wearying,’ their faithful wives were allowed to -share their captivity. But all intercourse was forbidden between the two -men who were attached to each other, not only by friendship, but -sympathy in literary pursuits, while the poor ladies were altogether -denied the consolation of each other’s society; and when Hogersbaert’s -wife fell ill, Madame Grotius petitioned in vain for the privilege (so -dear to every gentle-hearted woman) of ministering to her friend in -sickness, or cheering her last moments with the promise of watching over -the dying mother’s six helpless children. The only proof of sympathy -which one captive was allowed to show the other was in the transmission -of a pathetic epitaph by Hugo Grotius, which was gratefully received by -the unhappy widower. - -Madame Grotius had contrived to retain a portion of her own, when her -husband’s property was confiscated, and with this small sum she -endeavoured to make his condition less intolerable. She rejected with -disdain the scanty dole allowed by Government for the maintenance of the -prisoner, and constantly ferried over to Gorcum, on the opposite side of -the river, to cater for little dainties for her lord, and the noble dame -would stand for hours over the kitchen fire preparing the daily banquet -for him and for their children. Maria was indeed one of those characters -of combined strength and tenderness, which go near to form ‘the perfect -woman.’ When her husband was first arrested, her anxiety for his life -never betrayed her into weakness or cowardice; on the contrary, she -wrote constantly, urging him to maintain his principles, and rather die -than ask pardon, which could only be obtained through servile -submission. Her admiration for Grotius, and her pride in his genius, -could only be equalled by her affection. To think that a man, with whose -name Europe already rang, whose writings were fated to influence the -destinies of nations—that he should waste the best days of his life in -prison—wither away, as it were, in a living tomb,—the thought was -intolerable to her. The Commandant of the fortress, one Deventer, -cherished a spite against his noble prisoner, arising from some family -feud which had been handed down from the last generation, and he took -especial delight in riveting the heavy chains as tightly as he could, -and making captivity unbearable. Air and exercise were seldom -vouchsafed, and Grotius, the philosopher, the metaphysician, the -historian, the world-famed author, might be seen spinning a large top in -the lobby adjoining his apartments for the best exercise he could get! -Even the society of his beloved wife and that of his children did not -suffice to prevent the hours from dragging heavily along, deprived as he -was of the joys of a scholar’s heart, the books in which he could study -the thoughts of others, the writing materials with which he could record -his own; therefore Maria never rested until she had wrung from the -authorities the permission to obtain from Grotius’s own library the -volumes most coveted, together with pen, ink, and paper. Henceforth the -captive’s life was no longer a blank. He devoured his classics, he made -notes and translations, he wrote works on History, Theology, -Jurisprudence, and thus shed a light on the outer world from behind the -walls of his gloomy fortress. But these alleviations were not sufficient -to content the faithful wife; she had more daring schemes in view. Had -she ever heard, or does the Dutch language, so rich in proverbs, contain -an equivalent for our ‘Love laughs at locksmiths’? Certain it is she was -destined to realise the words of a lowly poet of our own days— - - ‘Oh! woman all would do, would dare; - To save her heart’s best cherished care - She’d roam the world tract wide, - Nor bolts nor bars can ’gainst her stand, - Or weapons stay her gentle hand, - When love and duty guide.’ - -She laid her train most carefully, most skilfully, nor did she allow any -undue haste to mar its fulfilment. She had in her constant marketings at -Gorcum cultivated the acquaintance and gained the friendship of many of -the bettermost tradespeople of the town, and her maid Lieschen, who was -market-woman in turn, was instructed to do the same. They both talked -constantly to the good burghers’ wives, and interested them in behalf of -the captive, the great writer and philosopher, and, what came nearer the -women’s hearts, the tender husband and father. The plot was ripening in -the devoted conspirator’s mind; but there came a moment of suspicion and -alarm; it was reported that Madame Grotius had bought a coil of ropes in -Gorcum, doubtless to facilitate her husband’s escape. An inquiry was -instituted, when the suspected lady herself pointed out to the -emissaries of justice, that ropes, even wings, could they be procured, -would be unavailing in a dungeon where the captive on his entrance had -to pass through thirteen different doors, each of which was bolted after -him. She had in fact other means in store, and fortune favoured her in -one particular, namely, that the cross-grained commandant was summoned -to a distant town on military business, and Maria Grotius had already -ingratiated herself with Madame Deventer by occasional presents of -luxuries, to which the good lady was by no means insensible, such as -venison, poultry, and the like. When the books were first allowed to -enter the prison walls, the chest was submitted on its entrance and exit -to a strict search, which had of late been deemed unnecessary. - -Accordingly, one day in the absence of the Governor, Madame Grotius went -to call on his wife, who always received her kindly. ‘I am come,’ she -said, ‘to ask you to help me. My husband is killing himself, poring over -those dreadful folios, and making himself ill. We are both very grateful -for the permission granted that he should have the use of his own -library, but lately he has been working his brain, and tiring his head -over those tremendously heavy volumes, heavy in every sense of the word, -I want to send them away, and get others lighter and smaller. Now, of -course, your word is as good as that of your husband in his absence. Do -me the kindness to order your men to carry down the chest as usual to -the water’s edge, and not demur because it is extra heavy. I have a -perfect spite against those bulky volumes.’ The vice-regent of the -commandant, ‘dressed in a little brief authority,’ made use of it to -oblige her friend, and gave the order willingly. Maria went back to her -own quarters. ‘Mother, dear,’ said Cornelia, the eldest of her children, -‘did you not say to-morrow was the Fair at Gorcum, and that you were -told on such occasions even exiles and outlaws might appear in the town? -Why should not dear father go there in that case?’ Surely out of the -child’s mouth came a word of wisdom; she little knew that her remark was -hailed as an omen by her parents. Maria von Grotius next sent for her -maid, and asked her the startling question, ‘If we can conceal your -master in the book-chest, will you take charge of it to Gorcum, and -incur the whole risk?’—which was indeed great. The loving wife would -gladly have undertaken the task herself, but she judged it would be more -likely to avert suspicion if she remained in the castle. The brave girl -pledged herself to carry out the directions of her mistress to the -letter, and the two women began their arduous and dangerous -preparations. It was the beginning of the week, and the month March -1621, that Grotius rose early and, kneeling down by the side of the -empty trunk, prayed fervently for the success of the hazardous -enterprise. He was dressed in soft linen and underclothing, and got into -the chest, which was only four feet long, and narrow in proportion, he -being a tall and strongly built man. His wife helped him to coil himself -up, and then placed a large Testament as a pillow for the beloved head, -the position of which she arranged so that the mouth should come -opposite the small holes she had drilled to admit a little air. She -closed the chest and sat on the top for a considerable time, to -ascertain if her husband could possibly endure the confinement. Then -lifting the lid once more, she knelt down and took a solemn farewell of -him she best loved on earth, kissed him tenderly, locked the box, and -gave the key to the maid. We can only guess at the feelings of anguish -and tenderness which convulsed the heart of that noble woman at that -supreme instant. Then she arranged her husband’s day-clothes on the -chair, with his dressing slippers, and drew the curtains closely round -the bed, into which she got hastily. After that she rang the bell, and -when the servant who usually waited on them answered the summons, she -looked out and said she was so sorry she could not go to Gorcum that day -for she was not well herself, and did not like to leave her husband who -was very ill; throwing out at the same time a hint that he was feverish, -and there might be fear of infection. The servant said it was all the -better she should not go, for the river was swollen and the wind was -high, and in fact it was almost dangerous. ‘That is unfortunate,’ she -said, ‘for my husband resolved that these heavy folios should go to-day; -however, my maid is no coward, and she will take charge of them, even if -the ferry should be rough.’ She then bade him go and summon the soldiers -whom Madame Deventer had told off to carry the chest. They came, and on -lifting it one of them said, ‘I believe the Arminian is inside, it is so -confoundedly heavy.’ - -The poor wife trembling behind the closely drawn curtains made some tame -jest about the relative weight of a man and those horrid books, and then -the precious load was carried out of the room. But Lieschen had many -terrible moments yet to come. The soldiers maintained, nothing but a man -could weigh so heavily, and one of them said he would get a gimlet and -run it into the Arminian, and another told anecdotes of how malefactors -had been smuggled out of prison in a like manner. Poor Lieschen had to -jest, while her heart quaked: ‘Your gimlet must be a long one,’ she -said, ‘to reach my master in his bedroom in the castle.’ Then followed -the awful question, whether Madame Deventer would consider it necessary -to inspect the contents of the chest, which she fortunately declined. So -on the soldiers went, grumbling at their heavy load, and when they -arrived at the wharf, the maid entreated that a double plank might be -placed to carry the chest on board, for, said she, ‘those books are to -be returned to a learned Professor, and I shall never be forgiven if any -mischance should befall them.’ At length the transport was effected, and -the large box deposited on the deck beside Lieschen. The river was much -swollen, the wind was raging, the vessel heeled over to one side, and -the girl had to beseech the skipper to have the box secured with ropes, -and down she sat beside it in an agony of terror, both for herself and -her precious charge. She then threw a white handkerchief over her head -and let the ends flutter in the breeze, the signal that had been agreed -on between her and her mistress to show so far all was well and the -vessel in motion; for a servant in the castle had added to the women’s -accumulated terror by predicting that the captain would not embark in -such a storm. - -The unhappy wife was straining her eyes, dimmed by tears, between the -bars of the window, while the maid sat shivering with cold and fear, her -head between her hands; and on the top of the chest an officer of the -garrison had taken up his post, and drummed and pommelled with his feet -against the sides, and she dared not bid him desist from doing so—for -what reason could she assign for interference? At last she bethought -herself to ask him to get off, as there were not only books but fragile -china in the chest, and he might break it by that constant shaking. The -longest voyage, like the longest day, will have an end, and surely that -voyage from Loevenstein to Gorcum must have seemed like one round the -world to the terrified girl; yet her fears did not deaden her woman’s -wit, and she was always ready with an answer. She bribed the skipper and -his son to transport the chest themselves to its destination on a -hand-barrow, beside which she walked. ‘Do you hear what my boy says?’ -observed the captain; ‘he declares there is some living thing in your -trunk, Miss.’ ‘No doubt,’ was the answer, with a forced laugh; ‘don’t -you know that Arminian books are alive, full of motion and spirit?’ In -this manner the three companions, with the fourth concealed, threaded -the dense crowds of the fair at Gorcum, and made their way to a -warehouse which Lieschen indicated. It belonged to a well-to-do -tradesman (relative of a learned professor, a friend of the prisoner’s), -and the wife was one of those whom Maria von Grotius frequently visited -on her marketing expeditions to Gorcum. The bearers of the chest were -exorbitant in their demands, but Lieschen was very anxious to be -relieved of their presence, and made little haggling about the price. No -sooner had they departed than the poor girl hastened into the shop where -the ribbon-dealer and his wife were busy selling their wares, and -stepping noiselessly up to the latter, whispered the truth in her -astonished ear. The startled Vrouw became deathly pale, and seemed like -to faint, but she left the shop with Lieschen, and then what a moment of -condensed and mingled hope and terror! Lieschen kneeled down and -knocked. ‘Master, dear master,’ she exclaimed. No answer. ‘Oh my God, he -is dead,’ cried the girl, while her companion stood quaking with terror -and calling out it was a bad business. But hark! A feeble cry from the -inside, ‘Open quick, I was not sure of your voice.’ The chest was -opened, and Grotius arose, almost as from a tomb. The still terrified -shopwoman took Lieschen and her master into an upper room through a -trap-door, and then began to tell him how alarmed she was, and that she -feared, if he were found, her husband would be imprisoned in his stead, -and all their property forfeited. ‘No, no,’ said Grotius, ‘before I got -into this trunk I prayed earnestly to God, who has preserved me -hitherto, but rather than ruin you and your husband, I would get into -the box again, and go back to Loevenstein.’ ‘Oh no,’ said the -kind-hearted woman, ‘we will do all in our power to serve you’; and off -she flew to her brother-in-law, a clothier of Gorcum, whom she found in -conversation with the very officer who had been Lieschen’s -fellow-passenger, and who had annoyed her by sitting on the trunk. -Drawing her relative aside, the mercer’s wife explained the whole state -of the case, and bade him follow her to the warehouse without a moment’s -delay, when she would introduce him to the fugitive. - -The clothier was nothing loath to be instrumental in the escape of a man -whom he greatly admired, being himself no mean scholar, and well -acquainted with the writings of Grotius, on entering whose presence, he -thus addressed him, ‘Are you, sir, that man with whose name the whole of -Europe is now ringing?’ - -‘I am Hugo Grotius,’ was the reply, ‘and into your hands I commit my -safety and my life.’ - -No time was lost. The clothier, who was acquainted with every one in -Gorcum, found the man he could trust, a mason working on a scaffolding -in the town. He beckoned him down, and told him there was an errand of -mercy to be performed, to which a large reward was appended, and asked -if he would undertake the task. The mason answered in the affirmative, -and was then directed to procure a set of working-men’s clothes, which -unfortunately proved too scanty for Grotius, and thus occasioned a new -difficulty; the trunk-hose and sleeves were too short, the latter -revealing the finely shaped white hand, whose hardest labour had -hitherto been the work of the pen. The two women had much ado to patch -up and lengthen out, and with dirt and clay, putty and plaster, they -smeared the hands of the great philosopher, and sent him forth with fear -and trembling, to run the gauntlet of many dangers. Next door was a -library, which was the resort of learned professors, and book-lovers of -all kinds, to many of whom Grotius was known by sight. He slouched his -felt hat over his eyes, took his measuring-wand in his hand, and -followed the mason through the streets to the bank of the river, where -the friendly clothier met them. The weather was still boisterous, and -the boatmen refused to ply, till the mason urged on them the necessity -he was under of fulfilling a contract for buying stone for a large -building at Altona, and assured them he would be a considerable loser by -delay. These arguments were backed by the clothier, who put his hand -into his pocket, and drew forth the most convincing of all arguments in -the eyes of the boatmen. And at length the embarkation was effected; the -ferry crossed in safety, and then the two masons walked to a -neighbouring town, where they hired a carriage, and entering into -confidential talk with the driver, informed him that the taller of the -two was a disguised bankrupt flying from his creditors into foreign -territory, and this, they said, would account for his wish to avoid -observation as they passed through the towns. On went the little -carriage, the driver of which was not long before he set down Grotius as -a fool who soon ‘parted with his money,’ for of its value he showed a -profound ignorance. In this respect we see that the driver differed in -opinion from the rest of the world. They travelled through the night, -and on the morrow, arriving early within a few leagues of Antwerp, they -were met by a patrol of soldiers, who challenged them, asked for their -passport, and inquired to whose service they belonged. Grotius evaded -the question, and added jestingly, ‘As to my passport, that is in my -feet.’ They fraternised, and the fugitive had now not only a military -escort, but a good horse provided for his own riding; and in this manner -entered the city of Antwerp. He alighted at the house of a banished -friend, who proved to be in great anxiety on account of his wife’s -illness, so the daughter of the family informed him; but no sooner did -her parents learn the name of their unexpected visitor, than not only -the master of the house, but the invalid herself hastened down to bid -him welcome. The meeting was indeed a happy one, and although secrecy -was deemed prudent, yet the news spread among a few compatriots, under -the same sentence of proscription, who all flocked to the house, where a -joyous little banquet was prepared, at which the illustrious journeyman -mason, still in his working clothes, presided. Conversation flowed, and -glasses clinked merrily that night to the health of Grotius and his -gallant Maria, not forgetting the brave and faithful handmaiden. In the -meantime how went affairs at Loevenstein? Madame Grotius had given out -that her husband’s illness was infectious; but no sooner was she -apprised of his safety, than she laughed her gaoler and his guards to -scorn. ‘Here is the cage,’ she said merrily, ‘but the bird has flown!’ -The commandant rained curses on her head, and increased the rigour of -her imprisonment. He went across the river to browbeat the good -shopwoman and her husband, but all this fuming and fretting did not -bring back the prisoner. Madame Grotius sent a petition to the -States-General and to the Stadtholder, to which neither were insensible. -It was on this occasion that Prince Maurice (who was not wont to measure -his words) made the ungallant speech—‘I thought that _black pig_ would -outwit us.’ We can fancy he said it with a grim smile, for very shortly -afterwards Madame Grotius found herself at liberty, with the permission -to carry away all that belonged to her in Loevenstein. Grotius, on his -part, addressed a letter to the States-General before leaving Antwerp, -in which he maintained that he had done his duty as Pensionary of -Rotterdam, in the measures he had advocated, thereby incurring their -censure, and he proceeded at length to propound his political views, and -to offer suggestions for the restoration and maintenance of internal -peace, concluding by justifying the means he had used for escape, having -employed ‘neither violence nor corruption.’ And he furthermore declared -that the persecutions he had suffered, and the hardships to which he had -been exposed, could never diminish his love for his country, for whose -prosperity he devoutly prayed. - -Grotius remained some time at Antwerp, and then determined on proceeding -to France, where his wife and family were allowed to join him; and -Lieschen, good, brave Lieschen, who would not rejoice to hear that her -fate was one usually reserved for the last page of a story-book—‘she -lived happy ever afterwards,’ becoming the wife of her faithful -fellow-servant, who had learned the rudiments of law from his master -during their captivity,—a study which the good man continued on leaving -Loevenstein, and rose step by step until he became a thriving and -respected advocate in the tribunals of Holland. - -But to return to Grotius: On his arrival in Paris he was kindly received -by the French King, who granted him a provisional pension (very -uncertain, by the way, in payment). In a pleasant country-house which -had been lent him, in the environs of Senlis, he resumed his literary -labours with great assiduity, working first at his ‘Apology,’ which he -wrote in his mother-tongue, and sent off to Holland as soon as -completed. This was a full and detailed exposition of the motives which -had actuated his conduct, and of his religious and political sentiments. -It produced the greatest possible excitement in Holland. The Government -designated it as a foul and slanderous libel, reflecting on the honour -of the States, of the Stadtholder, and all manner of bodies magisterial -and municipal. The publication was interdicted, and every person -forbidden, on pain of death, to retain it in their possession. In the -meantime the ‘Apology’ was published, and eagerly read in Paris, and -Grotius now set to work on his famous treatise on the Rights of Peace -and War. - -The pretty country-house in which he lived was the resort of men of -letters, and among his frequent visitors was the learned De Thou, who -gave him the free use of his valuable library. In 1625, on the death of -Prince Maurice, the exile wrote to the new Stadtholder, Frederic Henry, -asking permission to return, but without success. He then sent his wife -into Holland, and through her judicious management and the exertions of -his friends, the reversal of the decree of confiscation was obtained, -and his property and effects were restored to him. At length he ventured -back to his own country in person, and first proceeded to Rotterdam, -where he was cordially received in private, but the authorities would -not sanction his appearance in public, and the same reception awaited -him at Amsterdam and Delft. The States-General, of whom he disdained to -ask pardon (‘for,’ said he, ‘in what have I offended?’) were exasperated -at his boldness in venturing back without permission, and orders were -given to seize his person, and give notice to the Government, while a -reward of 2000 florins was offered for his capture; but Grotius was too -much beloved; no one was found to betray him. Still his position was -undoubtedly perilous, and joining his wife on her return from Zeeland, -they took up their abode for the summer and winter in or near the town -of Hamburg. - -Grotius was now overwhelmed with proposals of employment, and overtures -of all descriptions from foreign powers—Spain, Poland, the Duchy of -Holstein, and the hero Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, for whom our -philosopher had the profoundest veneration. With this monarch’s envoy at -the French Court, Benedict Oxenstiern, a relative of the celebrated -Chancellor, Grotius had formed an intimate friendship, and when they -were both residing at Frankfort, they became almost inseparable. The -King of Sweden died, and was succeeded by his daughter, the eccentric -Christina, whose admiration for the fame of Grotius even exceeded that -of her father. Through the medium of Oxenstiern she made him numerous -offers, but Grotius declined all but one employment. He volunteered to -return to Paris as the Swedish Ambassador, provided the Queen would -allow him a sufficient salary to maintain his position as her -representative, which nomination was most distasteful to Richelieu, who -was then Prime Minister. But after a time his opposition was overruled, -and Grotius made his public entry into the French capital, where the -crooked and tortuous policy pursued by Richelieu, and continued by his -successor, Cardinal Mazarin, was most distasteful to Christina’s envoy, -added to which he was weary of politics, diplomacy, and Court life, and -earnestly solicited his recall. Christina acquiesced in the demand, but -desired him to repair to Stockholm, where she joined him. Her Majesty -did all in her power by promises of provision and favour for himself, -his wife, and family, to induce Grotius to become a resident in her -country. But he withstood all her tempting offers. Many difficulties to -his departure were thrown in his way, but at last he embarked on a -vessel bound for Lubeck. He had not been long at sea before a tremendous -storm arose, and after three days continual tossing, and constant danger -of shipwreck, the passengers landed on the coast of Pomerania, about -fourteen miles from Dantzig. Grotius was far from well when he left -Stockholm; the climate had proved too cold for him. He had been very ill -on the voyage, and after travelling sixty miles in an open wagon, -exposed to violent wind and rain, he arrived at Rostock in a most -enfeebled condition. No sooner had he arrived than he sent for the -doctor and the clergyman, who thus describes his interview in a letter: -‘If you are anxious to know how that Phœnix of literature, Hugo Grotius, -behaved in his last moments, I will tell you. He sent for me at night. I -found him almost at the point of death, and told him how deeply I -regretted that I had never seen him in health, to benefit by his -conversation. “God has ordered it otherwise,” he said. I then bade him -prepare for a happier life; to acknowledge and repent his sins, and, -chancing to allude to the Pharisee and the publican, “I am that -publican,” he exclaimed. When I told him to have recourse to Jesus -Christ, without whom is no salvation, he answered: “In Him alone I place -my trust.” Then I repeated aloud the German prayer that begins, “Herr -Jesu.” He followed in a low voice with clasped hands. I inquired if he -understood all, and he said, “Quite well.” I continued to read passages -of the Word of God for dying persons.’ Thus expired this great and good -man, far from the kindred he loved, his heart still true to the country -which had rejected and expelled him, his deathbed watched by strangers. -His body was embalmed and transported to his native city of Delft, where -it was interred with great pomp by his fellow-citizens, who at first -proposed to erect a statue in his honour, similar to that of Erasmus at -Rotterdam, but the idea was abandoned. It was reserved for his -descendants to raise a monument to his memory in the said church. We -transcribe the modest epitaph written by Grotius on himself— - - GROTIUS HIC HUGO EST, BATAVUM CAPTIVUS, ET EXUL - LEGATUS REGNY REGNI SUECIS MAGNAFUI. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. THE HONOURABLE ANDREW NEWPORT. - - _In armour. Light brown sleeves. Rich lace cravat. Long hair._ - - BORN 1622, DIED 1699. - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -HE was the son of Lord Newport, the noted Royalist, by Rachel, daughter -of Sir John Levison, Knight, of Harington, County Kent, and sister of -Sir Richard Levison, Knight of the Bath, of Trentham, County Stafford. - -Andrew was Commissioner of Customs to Charles the Second. He was M.P. -for Shrewsbury from 1689 to 1698. Died unmarried, and was buried at -Wroxeter. He bequeathed his manor of Dythan, County Montgomery, and -other estates in the same county, and in that of Salop, to his nephew -Richard, Lord Newport, son of Francis, Earl of Bradford. Lord Clarendon, -in his _History of the Civil Wars_, makes frequent mention of Andrew -Newport. - - - ------- - - - No. 9. THOMAS WENTWORTH, EARL OF STRAFFORD, AND HIS SECRETARY. - - _Black dress._ - - BORN 1594, EXECUTED 1641. - - AFTER VANDYCK. - - -THE eldest son of Sir William Wentworth of Wentworth Wodehouse, County -York, by Anne Atkinson of Stowel, County Gloucester. He succeeded his -father in his large estates when only twenty-one, being already the -husband of ‘a fair wife.’ - -Shortly after his succession he was elected M.P. for York and _Custos -Rotulorum_ in place of Lord Savile, superseded on account of misconduct, -an office from which the Duke of Buckingham requested him to retire that -Lord Savile might be reinstated, a proceeding which nettled the high -spirit of Sir Thomas, who wrote a refusal so indignant as to make a -lifelong enemy of the favourite. - -Until the accession of Charles the First, Wentworth, although a silent -member of the House of Commons, was a zealous advocate of the Liberal -party and a strenuous opposer of the encroachments of the Court. Through -the instrumentality of Buckingham he was disqualified from voting by -having the post of High Sheriff thrust upon him, and he was soon after -summarily dismissed from his office of _Custos Rotulorum_. In the -ensuing year he was summoned before the Council and sentenced to -imprisonment for refusing to contribute to a loan (levied without the -consent of Parliament), on which occasion he made a noble speech -expressing his loyalty to the person of Charles the First and his desire -to serve him in any way consistent with his duty to his country. On his -release from prison he became a strong leader of the Opposition and an -eloquent advocate of the famous ‘Petition of Rights,’ to which the King -was compelled to yield his unwilling consent. Then suddenly came the -adoption of that line of conduct, so differently judged and so -differently accounted for by different biographers. Wentworth declared -his conviction that the nation might now be content with the concessions -made by the Crown, bade adieu to the party of the ‘Pyms and the -Prynnes,’ walked over to the other side of the House and offered his -services, head, heart, and sword, to the royal cause. By some he was -termed a traitor, a time-server, an apostate, while others upheld the -conduct of a man who chose the moment of impending danger to rally round -the unsteady throne and the unpopular sovereign. Charles naturally -received him with open arms, and loaded him with favours; but his old -ally, Pym, meeting him one day, uttered these ominous words, ‘You are -going to leave us, but I will never leave you while you have ahead on -your shoulders’; words too cruelly redeemed. - -The murder of the Duke of Buckingham made way for Wentworth’s -advancement. Raised to the peerage by the title of Viscount Wentworth, -he was appointed Lord-Deputy and Commander-in-Chief in Ireland, and -sailed for that ‘distressful country’ with a code for his own -government, drawn up by himself, in his pocket, from which he never -swerved. Lord Wentworth’s administration of Irish affairs, his transient -popularity, his reforms in matters civil, military, and religious, his -quarrels with the Irish nobles, his punctilio in minute questions of -form and ceremony, his hurried voyages to and from England, are subjects -intimately connected with the history of the times, but too lengthy to -be detailed here. It would have been well for the Lord-Deputy if he had -taken the advice of his lifelong friend and correspondent, Archbishop -Laud, and had curbed his impetuosity on many occasions. - -In 1639 he crossed to England, was created Earl of Strafford, gained the -title of Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, was received into the King’s full -confidence, and was for a time virtually Prime Minister. Not content -with advocating the necessities of raising subsidies, he contributed -£20,000 from his own privy purse (as an example to the nation) towards -the impending war with Scotland. In spite of ill-health and increasing -infirmities, Strafford crossed and recrossed St. George’s Channel to -attend to his duties on either side; the last time in a terrible storm, -and nearly died at Chester, on his road to London. Yet his indomitable -spirit would not yield. He joined the King at York, and found the army -in a sad plight, all hope and spirit fled, and the royal cause ‘in the -dust.’ He became the real, though not the nominal, Commander-in-chief, -and although unable to walk, and scarcely able to sit upright on his -saddle, Strafford rallied the troops, upbraided the sluggishness of the -leaders, and set a brilliant example of energy and courage. But the King -stayed his hand and thwarted his activity, loud all the while in his -praises, and giving him the Garter. Charles also insisted that they -should travel together to London, a proceeding to which Strafford was -strongly opposed,—two victims hastening to their doom. - -A few days after the opening of Parliament Pym began his long-meditated -attack on his former friend—the blood-hounds were on the track, the hunt -was up. Our limited space forbids us to do more than glance at the -circumstances of Strafford’s arrest and trial, but in truth it is a -well-known tale. He was impeached by Pym of high treason, compelled to -listen to the charge on his knees, was given into custody, and lodged in -the Tower. There is extant a most graphic description of the scene which -Westminster Hall presented on the occasion of the trial, crowded to the -roof, the King and Queen being present, and the whole court and nobility -of England, ladies of the highest rank, whose tears flowed copiously, -and whose verdict was unanimous in favour of the illustrious prisoner. -It was well said by the elder Disraeli, that ‘Strafford’s eloquence was -so great as to perpetuate the sympathy which he received in the hour of -his agony.’ He had indeed need of his eloquence. Every obstacle was -thrown in his way, especially in the matter of summoning witnesses, -while his personal enemies were invited from all parts of the country. -His confidence was betrayed, his words perverted, the whole proceedings -were unlawful and unprecedented, and the Solicitor-General heaped -insults on the accused. A Bill of Attainder was provided, and the few -individuals who gave negative votes had their names posted up in the -City as Straffordians. - -There was a passage of arms between the two Houses on the subject, but -the vultures were hovering round, and would not be disappointed of their -prey. Thomas Wentworth, Earl of Strafford, was declared guilty of high -treason. On this sad passage, the saddest of all in Charles’s sad life, -we need not dwell long. He had pledged his royal word to his noble -friend, ‘You shall not suffer in honour, in fortune, or in life.’ Yet -after some hesitation and delay, weeping all the time, he signed the -death-warrant, laying up for himself hours of deep remorse during the -few years he survived. The generous prisoner wrote to his master, -indeed, to absolve him from his promise; but when he learned he was to -prepare for death, he raised his eyes to heaven exclaiming, ‘Put not -your trust in princes, or in any child of man.’ - -During the short interval between the sentence and the execution, the -captive busied himself in settling his worldly affairs, writing wise, -tender, and pathetic letters to his relatives, and devoting his mind to -the fulfilment of his religious duties. - -An earnest request to be allowed to visit his attached friend and -fellow-prisoner, Archbishop Laud, was cruelly refused, and he was only -permitted to send him a message, entreating the prelate’s blessing as he -passed to execution. Accordingly, on the 12th of May 1641, Strafford, on -his way to the scaffold, raised his eyes to the window of the cell where -the Archbishop was confined, and perceived the aged and trembling hand -waving through the bars a solemn farewell to the man he had so long and -so faithfully loved. Thousands of spectators lined the streets, the -passions of the mob had been so excited against the prisoner that the -guards kept close to the carriage lest he should be torn to pieces. -Strafford smiled calmly, and remarked it would matter little to him -whether he died by the hands of the executioner or by those of the -people. ‘He had faced death too often to fear it in any shape.’ - -His friend, Archbishop Ussher, and his brother, Sir George Wentworth, -were already on the platform. Strafford spoke for some time. He declared -that his whole aim through life had been the joint and individual -prosperity of the King and the people, although he had had the -misfortune to be misconstrued. He denied all the charges brought against -him, asked forgiveness of all men he had injured, and prayed ‘that we -may all meet eternally in heaven, where sad thoughts shall be driven -from our hearts, and tears wiped from our eyes.’ Then he bade farewell -to those near him, embracing his brother, by whom he sent tender -messages to his wife and children. ‘One stroke,’ he said, ‘will make my -wife husbandless, my children fatherless, my servants masterless; but -let God be to you and to them all in all.’ Taking off his doublet, he -thanked God he could do so as cheerfully as ever he did when going to -bed. Then he forgave the executioner and all the world. It was indeed an -imposing scene,—Strafford on that momentous day apparently restored to -all the energy of health and vigour, his symmetrical form, his regular -features, with a complexion ‘pallid but manly.’ Once more he knelt in -prayer between the Archbishop and the Minister, tried the block, and -having warned the executioner that he would give the sign, stretched -forth his white and beautifully formed hands, which Vandyck has -immortalised, which Henrietta Maria, his sworn enemy, had pronounced the -finest in the world; and one stroke from the cruel axe ended the mortal -career of Thomas, Earl of Strafford. - -He was thrice married,—first, to Lady Margaret Clifford, who died -childless; secondly, to Lady Arabella Holles, daughter to the Earl of -Clare, by whom he had one son and two daughters; and thirdly, to -Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Godfrey Rhodes (the marriage was a -clandestine one), from whom he was separated for a period immediately -after the ceremony, and it was some time before he would acknowledge her -openly; in fact a mystery hung over the whole matter. Lord Strafford’s -letters to this lady during his trial were couched in affectionate -terms. She bore him several children, one of whom alone survived him. Of -his connection with that beautiful schemer, Lady Carlisle, born Percy, -there can be no doubt,—‘she who,’ says Sir Philip Warwick, ‘changed her -gallant from Strafford to Pym, thus going over to his deadly enemy’; but -there were many other names coupled with that of Lord Strafford, -apparently without any reason, save the love of slander. - - - ------- - - - No. 10. COLONEL THE HONOURABLE JOHN RUSSELL. - - _Brown embroidered dress. Wig._ - - DIED 1681. - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -HE was the youngest son of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, by Catherine -Bridges. He served with distinction in the royal army under Charles the -First, and at the Restoration was appointed Colonel of the first -regiment of the Foot Guards. At one time there were negotiations -carrying on for his marriage with a daughter of the Earl of Bath, which -was prevented by the young lady’s family, who were desirous she should -marry her cousin, heir to the Earldom of Bath. The gallant colonel then -became a suitor for the hand of the famous beauty La Belle Hamilton. -There is a laughable description of him in the _Memoires de Grammont_, -and we cannot but think that as the chronicler himself carried off the -prize, he might have been rather more generous in his delineation of an -unsuccessful rival: - -‘M. Le Colonel Russell avoit bien soixante ans, son courage et sa -fidélité l’avoient distingué dans les guerres civiles. Il n’y avoit pas -longtemps qu’on avoit quitté le ridicule, des chapeaux pointus, pour -tomber dans l’autre extrémité. Le vieux Russell, effraié d’une chute si -terrible, voulut prendre un milieu qui le rendit remarquable. Il l’étoit -encore par la constance envers les pourpoints taillardés qu’il a -soutenus longtemps après leur suppression universelle. Mais ce qui -surprenoit le plus c’étoit un certain mélange d’avarice et de libéralité -sans cesse en guerre l’une avec l’autre, depuis qu’il y étoit avec -l’amour.’ - -He was selected by his nephew, Lord Russell, to carry the noble letter -which the prisoner had written from Newgate on the 19th July 1683 to the -King. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. FRANCIS RUSSELL, FOURTH EARL OF BEDFORD. - - _Black dress._ - - DIED 1641. - - BY REMÉE. - - -HE was the only son of William Russell, called the Heroic Baron of -Thornhaugh, whom he accompanied to Ireland when only nine years old. A -curious picture at Woburn leads us to believe that the young Francis -shared his father’s love of sport, being there represented in a white -hunting jacket with green hose, a hawk on his hand, and two dogs in -couples beside him. He was knighted in 1604 by James the First, at -Whitehall, and the ensuing year he married Catherine, daughter and -co-heir of Gyles Brydges, third Lord Chandos, with whom he lived very -happily; and during the first years of his marriage he devoted himself -to domestic life, and took great delight in study. Having received a -legal education he prosecuted his researches into questions of law, -parliamentary privileges and the like, which were destined to prove -useful to him in his public career. He succeeded his father, as Baron -Thornhaugh, in 1613; and his cousin, Edward Russell, in the Earldom of -Bedford in 1627. He frequented the society of such men as Sir Robert -Cotton, Selden, Eliott, and was ever ready, says one of his biographers, -to uphold the liberty of the subject against such despots as James the -First. On the accession of Charles the First, Lord Bedford continued the -same independent line of conduct, and several times fell under the -displeasure of the Court. In 1628 he distinguished himself by his -steadfast advocacy of the famous Petition of Rights (to which Charles -was in the end compelled to give an unwilling consent); and he received -in consequence the royal commands to betake himself to the distant -county of Devonshire, of which he was Lord-Lieutenant. Both political -bias and private friendship attached him to the so-called popular party, -which laid down as their principle for action ‘to prescribe limits to -the monarchical power.’ The profession of such opinions naturally led to -the fact that Lord Bedford, among many others, became an object of -suspicion to the Court. A rumour was set on foot that he had been -instrumental in the circulation of a seditious pamphlet, and on this -plea he was arrested and imprisoned for a short time. In 1630 he took a -prominent part in the drainage of the Fens in the centre of England, -including the counties of North Hants, Lincoln, Hunts, Bedford, -Cambridge, and Norfolk; called the Great Level, and subsequently in his -honour the Bedford Level. In 1637 this generous and public-minded man -had expended for his own share of this great work £100,000, but he was -not destined to witness its completion. The part that Lord Bedford took -in the political events of the day—in the struggles between King and -Parliament, in the differences with the Scots—is not all this written in -the chronicles of the civil wars of Charles the First’s disastrous -reign? Suffice it to say that some of the popular Lords, and Lord -Bedford in particular, became aware of the advisability of moderation, -and the necessity of curbing the headlong opposition of the popular -party. But we cannot do better than to quote the eloquent words of the -great historian Lord Clarendon (then Mr. Hyde). He says: ‘This Lord was -the person of the greatest interest in the whole party, being of the -best estate and best understanding, and therefore most likely to govern -the rest.’ He was also of great civility and good-nature, and though -occasionally hot-tempered, and for the moment impatient of -contradiction, yet his opinions were wise and moderate. He was a good -adviser to the King, and served him in the end far better than many who -cajoled and flattered him. Lord Bedford was a man of strict religion, -and withstood the attempt to evict the bishops from the Upper House. He -with many others of the same party were sworn of the Privy Council, and -in this manner gained Charles’s ear, and exercised some degree of -influence over him in regulating and modifying measures that appeared -prejudicial to the common good. He was selected to be one of the Lords -Commissioners sent to confer with the Scots in the hope to compose the -long-existing differences. The King liked to transact business with him, -and was inclined to listen to his suggestions as to persons fitted to be -appointed to offices of state. Indeed Charles pressed upon Lord Bedford -himself the post of Lord Treasurer, ‘which the Bishop of London was as -willing to lay down as any one else could be to take up,’ but Lord -Bedford refused the office. He was one of the few Peers (to his honour -be it spoken) who exerted himself to the utmost to save the life of Lord -Strafford. He pleaded his cause vainly with his colleague, the Earl of -Essex; and finding him inexorable, prevailed on Mr. Hyde (in a long -interview he had on the subject) to intercede with Lord Essex. He also -endeavoured to keep the King up to his original intention of commuting -or mitigating the sentence. He observed to Mr. Hyde that he thought ‘the -Earl of Strafford’s business was a rock on which they would all split, -and that he was sure the passion of Parliament would undo the kingdom.’ - -But a sudden attack of illness arrested Lord Bedford’s useful and noble -career. He was seized with the small-pox, and on ascertaining the fact, -his first step was to send away his daughter, Lady Brooke, lest she -should fall a victim to the fell disease which wrought such havoc in the -house of Russell, seeing that his son and great-grandson both died of -the same. Lord Bedford was very much averse to the treatment which his -physician, Dr. Cragg, prescribed for him, namely, to be kept a close -prisoner to his bed. And when forbidden to get up, he sighed dolefully -and said, ‘Well, then, I must die to observe your rules.’ - -Dr. Cademan, a medical man who had advocated a different treatment, -published a pamphlet, which gave as his opinion that Lord Bedford ‘had -died of too much bed, rather than of the small-pox.’ The same authority, -speaking of the Earl’s devotion, says: ‘I never saw the like, though I -have waited upon many who had no other business left but to die well. -Commending his body to be buried with decency, but without pomp, his -breath was spent before his hands and eyes ceased to be lifted up to -Heaven, as if his soul would have carried his body along with it.’ - -So passed away on the 9th of May 1641 Francis Russell, called the wise -Earl of Bedford, a loss to the unfortunate Strafford, whose sentence was -carried out in a few days; a loss to the King, whose wholesome adviser -he was; a loss to the popular party, whose violence he would fain have -curbed. His death was universally mourned, and every mark of respect -paid to his memory. Three hundred coaches with Peers and their servants -attended; a long and solemn procession followed the body on its road to -Chenies, the burying-place of the Russell family, with led horses, -banners displayed, Garter King-at-Arms, ‘all the pomp of heraldry and -pride of power’; and this great and good man was interred amid the -prayers and tears of a large multitude. His widow survived him some -years, and was then buried beside him. - - - ------- - - - _No_. 13. WILLIAM, LORD RUSSELL. - - _In armour. Long flowing hair._ - - BORN 1639, EXECUTED 1683. - - BY RUSSELL. - - -HE was born second son of William, fifth Earl, afterwards first Duke, of -Bedford. He went with his elder brother, Lord Russell, to Cambridge, and -later travelled in his company, and that of a learned tutor on the -Continent. At Augsburg the brothers separated, and William proceeded to -Lyons, whence his letters home proved he amused himself very much, and -amidst a gay and brilliant society formed a close acquaintance with the -eccentric and celebrated ex-Queen, Christina of Sweden, who appeared to -have gained great influence over the young Englishman, who evinced a -great inclination for some time to enter the Swedish army as a -volunteer. His letters during his sojourn in France, many of which were -addressed to his tutor, to whom he was much attached, do him honour. -When _en route_ for England he fell sick at Paris, and finding himself, -as he writes, ‘at the gates of death,’ he assures his old friend that he -prays constantly to God to ‘give me grace that I may employ in His -service the life His mercy has spared to me.’ - -On his arrival at home, William for a time devoted himself to the care -of his brother, then in ill-health, and to giving his father assistance -in domestic affairs. At the Restoration, Lord Bedford and his family -were marked out for favour, and the Earl carried the sceptre at the -Coronation, and soon after William was elected member for Tavistock. -Handsome, accomplished, and nobly born, he became a shining light at the -brilliant Court of Charles the Second, but his tastes were too earnest, -and his bias too virtuous to find any lasting satisfaction in a society -so frivolous and immoral. An early attachment to a good and beautiful -woman proved a strong safeguard to the young courtier, which was crowned -about the year 1669, by a marriage, the happiness of which family and -historical records can vouch. It was indeed a well-assorted union, the -commencement of ‘domestic bliss,’ as the poet says, ‘the only happiness -which has survived the Fall.’ William Russell’s choice was Rachel, the -daughter of the noble loyalist, Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, -and the daughter-in-law of the Earl of Carbery, being the widow of his -eldest son, Lord Vaughan. We refer our readers to our sketch of Lady -Russell’s life, who retained her widowed title of Lady Vaughan until the -death of William’s elder brother. In the meantime he began his political -career by a zealous and conscientious attention to his parliamentary -duties, and was not long before he incurred the lasting animosity of the -Duke of York, and indeed of the King himself, by his zealous opposition -to many arbitrary measures proposed by the Court party, which, in -Russell’s opinion, were calculated to endanger ‘the liberty of the -subject, the safety of the kingdom, and the welfare of the Protestant -religion.’ In 1679 he was made a Privy Councillor, a dignity he did not -long enjoy, for we read shortly after ‘that the Lords Russell, -Cavendish, and others, finding the King’s heart and head were against -popular councils, and that their presence in Council could no longer -prevent pernicious measures, and not being willing to serve him against -the interests of their country, went to him together, and desired him to -excuse their attendance any more at Council.’ The King gladly accepted -their resignation, for he wanted men who would promote his arbitrary -measures, and thus, says Smollett, ‘Lord Russell, one of the most -popular and virtuous men of the nation, quitted the Council Board.’ - -He was a prominent promoter of the Bill of Exclusion to prevent the Duke -of York, or any Papist whatsoever, from succeeding to the Throne. When -the Bill passed the Commons, it was Lord Russell who carried it in -person to the Upper House, on which occasion he made a most eloquent -speech, and wound up by saying that in the event of changes so -occurring, he should be prevented living a Protestant, it was his fixed -resolution to die one. But all opposition to the Papal succession was -unavailing, and in 1681 the King dissolved Parliament, by which means -Lord Russell found himself at liberty for a short space to indulge in -the retirement and pleasures of a happy home with the wife and children -he adored. But his country’s welfare was ever paramount in his mind, and -he kept up his interest in public affairs. - -During the ensuing summer the Prince of Orange visited England, and had -several interviews and confidential conversations with Lord Russell, -who, moreover, made himself doubly obnoxious to the Court party by -meeting the Duke of Monmouth in his progress through the North, at the -head of a considerable body of men. - -In conversation with his domestic chaplain Lord Russell once remarked -that he was convinced he should one day fall a sacrifice, since -arbitrary government could never be set up in England while he lived to -oppose it, and that to the last drop of his blood. And it was evident he -took little pains to prevent the fulfilment of his own prophecy. This -was a period of plots and counter-plots. There had been much talk lately -of a Popish plot, and now the Protestant, or Rye House Plot, was said to -have been discovered, the object of which, it was affirmed, was to seize -the persons of the King and Duke of York on their return from Newmarket. -The enemies of Lord Russell, and several other noblemen, who -participated in his political views, were glad to take hold of any -pretext to secure the ruin of the men on whose downfall they were bent, -and many of the highest of England’s nobility were now loudly accused of -being implicated in the conspiracy, and orders were issued for their -arrest. The Duke of Monmouth was not forthcoming, but Lord Russell, -strong in his own innocence, refused to make his escape, though strongly -urged to do so by many of his friends. He disdained the notion of -flight, though from the beginning he gave himself up for lost. So he sat -calmly in his study awaiting the arrival of the officers, to whom he -made no resistance, and was conveyed first to the Tower and thence to -Newgate. - -Lord Essex was the next so-called conspirator apprehended, and he also -refused every argument for flight, saying that he considered his own -life not worth saving, if by drawing suspicion on Lord Russell, so -valuable a life as his, also should be endangered. The Duke of Monmouth -had it conveyed to Lord Russell that he would willingly give himself up -and share his fate. But the noble prisoner answered it would be no -advantage to him that his friends should suffer, and so, on the 13th of -July 1683, William, Lord Russell, stood at the bar of the Old Bailey on -a charge of high treason. That very morning the Lord Essex, who was only -a prisoner of three days’ standing, was found dead in the Tower with his -throat cut. This strange and melancholy event gave rise to conflicting -rumours. Many people were of opinion that there had been foul play, and -Evelyn was as surprised as he was grieved, ‘My Lord Essex being so well -known to me as a man of sober and religious deportment.’ The news coming -to Westminster Hall on the very day of Lord Russell’s trial, was said to -have had no little influence on the verdict which the jury returned. The -prisoner’s demeanour during his examination was marked by calm dignity -and absence of any sign of agitation, though he occasionally -expostulated against the injustice with which the proceedings were -carried on. Being asked how he wished to be tried, he replied, ‘By God -and my country.’ Alas! alas! the voices of Justice and of Mercy were -alike unheard in the courts of law that day. The prisoner represented -that he had been kept in ignorance, until the moment of his appearing at -the bar, of the nature of the charges which were to be brought against -him, and that he was allowed no time to select his own counsel, etc. -etc. He asked permission to employ the hand of another to take notes of -the evidence, upon which the Attorney-General (resolved to deprive him -of the help of any counsel) churlishly replied, he might have one of his -own servants to assist him. ‘Then,’ said Lord Russell, ‘the only -assistance I will ask is that of the lady beside me.’ At these words, -says a contemporary writer, ‘a thrill of anguish passed through the -court’—a moment of intense pathos, the frequent and glowing records of -which, by poet, painter, and historian, pale before the vivid colouring -of the fact itself: the noble prisoner turning in his hour of utmost -need to the gentle helpmate beside him, his servant, in the literal -acceptation of the word—for who could love or serve him better? Rachel, -Lady Russell, rose with a calm she had borrowed from her husband’s -example. Crushing down and stifling the varied emotions of sorrow, -indignation, and apprehension, forcing back the rising tears lest they -should dim the vision of the scribe, clenching the small white hand to -restore its requisite steadiness, Rachel stood motionless for an -instant, with every eye upon her—the cold scrutiny of the cruel judges, -the inquisitive stare of false friends and perjured witnesses,—while the -Attorney-General, in a more subdued tone of voice, said, ‘As the lady -pleases.’ She then with a firm step left her husband’s side, and took up -her post at the table below. That picture still remains stamped on the -memory of her countrymen through the lapse of more than two centuries, -and many who only half remember the details of that remarkable trial, -and its undoubted importance as regards subsequent events, still bear in -mind the touching episode of the beautiful secretary, the faithful -servant, the devoted wife and widow of William, Lord Russell. The jury -were not long in returning the verdict of Guilty,—‘an act,’ says Rapin, -‘of the most crying injustice that ever was perpetrated in England.’ - -To the cruel and hideous sentence for the execution of ‘a traitor,’ -which was read aloud in English (instead of Latin) by his own desire, -the prisoner listened with that decency and composure, ‘which,’ Burnet -tells us, ‘characterised his whole behaviour during the trial; even as -if the issue were a matter of indifference to him.’ The result of the -proceedings produced an intense excitement. The most strenuous efforts -were made in all quarters to save Lord Russell’s life both at home and -abroad. It was intimated to the King that M. de Ruvigny, a kinsman of -Lady Russell’s in favour at the Court of France, was coming over with a -special message from Louis the Fourteenth to intercede for the prisoner; -but Charles was said to have answered with cruel levity that he should -be ‘happy to receive M. de Ruvigny, but that Lord Russell’s head would -be off before he arrived.’ Many men of position and influence waited on -the King in person, and argued with him on the bad effect the execution -would produce in many quarters. The Duchess of Portsmouth had a large -sum of money offered to secure her interference, but all in vain. Then -Lord Russell’s ‘noble consort’ cast herself at the King’s feet, and -adjured him, by the memory of her father, the loyal and gallant -Southampton, to let his services atone for ‘the errors into which honest -but mistaken principles had seduced her husband.’ This was the last -instance of female weakness, if it deserve the name, into which Rachel -Russell was betrayed. But Charles was inexorable. He whose weak heart -was too easily swayed by beauty, too frequently overcome by emotion of a -baser kind, remained impervious to the tears and anguish of this lovely -and virtuous woman. Even the scanty mercy of a short respite was denied -her. She rose from her knees, collected her courage, and from that -moment she fortified herself against the fatal blow, and endeavoured by -her example to strengthen the resolution of her husband. ‘She gave me no -disturbance,’ was one of the touching tributes he paid her. Lord -Cavendish sent a proposition to the prisoner offering to facilitate his -escape, even to change clothes with him, and remain in his stead; but -Lord Russell returned a firm though grateful refusal, considering the -plan impracticable, unlawful, and dangerous to his faithful friend, and -so prepared quietly and calmly for the end, expressing his conviction -that the day of his execution would not be so disturbing to him as the -day of his trial. The time allotted to him was short. He occupied -himself much in writing. He addressed a letter to the King, which he -intrusted to his uncle, Colonel John Russell, to deliver to Charles -immediately after the execution; a noble and temperate letter, in which -the writer hopes his Majesty will excuse the presumption of an attainted -man. He asks pardon for anything he might have said or done that looked -like a want of respect to the King or duty to the Government. He acquits -himself of all designs (and goes on to declare his ignorance of any -such) against either King or Government. - - ‘Yet I do not deny that I have heard many things, and said some, - contrary to my duty, for which I have asked God’s pardon, and do - now humbly beg your Majesty’s. I take the liberty to add _that - though I have met with hard measure, yet I forgive all concerned - in it, from the highest to the lowest_; and I pray God to bless - your person and government, and that the public peace and the - true Protestant religion may be preserved under you; and I crave - leave to end my days with this sincere protestation, that my - heart was ever devoted to that which I thought was your true - interest, in which, if I was mistaken, I hope that your - displeasure will end with my life, and that no part of it shall - fall on my wife and children, being the last petition that will - ever be offered from your Majesty’s most faithful, most dutiful, - and most obedient servant, RUSSELL. - - ‘NEWGATE, _July 19, 1683_.’ - -He further drew up a long and detailed defence and explanation of his -whole conduct, to be given by his own hands to the Sheriffs on the -scaffold,—a precious record, preserved in letters of gold among the most -cherished archives at Woburn, the scene of the noble writer’s youth and -childhood. - -The evening before his death, after bidding adieu to some of his -friends, his wife and children came to take a last farewell. He parted -with them (tender father and devoted husband as he was) in composed -silence, and Lady Russell had such control over herself that when she -was gone he said, ‘The bitterness of death is past.’ ‘He talked,’ says -Burnet, ‘at much length about her. It had rather grieved him that she -had run about so much beating every bush for his preservation, but that, -perhaps, it would be a mitigation of her sorrow to feel she had done all -in her power to save him.’ ‘Yet,’ he said, ‘what a blessing it was that -she had that magnanimity of spirit joined to her tenderness as never to -have desired him to do a base thing for the saving of his own life; -there was a signal providence of God in giving him such a wife, with -birth, fortune, understanding, religion, and great kindness to him. But -her carriage in his extremity was above all! It was a comfort to leave -his children in such a mother’s hands, who had promised him to take care -of herself for his sake.’ Burnet further tells us that ‘the prisoner -received the Sacrament from Archbishop Tillotson with much devotion, and -I preached two short sermons, which he heard with great affection. He -went into his chamber about midnight, and I stayed the whole night in -the adjoining room. He went to bed about two in the morning, and was -fast asleep about four, when, by his desire, we called him. He was -quickly dressed, and lost no time in shaving, for he said he was not -concerned in his good looks that day. He went two or three times back -into his chamber to pray by himself, and then came and prayed again with -Tillotson and me. He drank a little tea and some sherry, and then he -said now he had done with time, and was going to eternity. He asked what -he should give the executioner, and I told him ten guineas; he smiled, -and said it was a pretty thing to give a fee to have his head cut off. -The Sheriffs came about ten o’clock; Lord Cavendish was waiting below to -take leave of him. They embraced very tenderly. Lord Russell on a second -thought came back and pressed Cavendish earnestly to apply himself more -to religion, telling him what great comfort and support he felt from it -now in his extremity. Tillotson and I went in the coach with him. Some -of the crowd wept, while others insulted him; he was touched with the -one expression, but did not seem provoked by the other. He was singing -psalms most of the way, and said he hoped to sing better soon. Looking -at the great crowd he said ‘I hope I shall soon see a much better -assembly.’ He walked about the scaffold four or five times, then he -turned to the Sheriffs, and in presenting the paper he protested his -innocence of any design against the King’s life, or any attempt to -subvert the Government. He prayed God to preserve the Protestant -religion, and earnestly wished that Protestants should love one another, -and not make way for Popery by their animosities. He forgave all his -enemies, and died in charity with all mankind. After this he prayed -again with Archbishop Tillotson, and more than once by himself. Then -William Russell stood erect, arranged his dress, and, without the -slightest change of countenance, laid his noble head upon the block, -‘which was struck off (says Evelyn) by three butcherly strokes.’ - -Five years afterwards when James the Second stood on the brink of ruin, -he did not disdain to apply to the Earl of Bedford for help. ‘My Lord,’ -he said, ‘you are an honest man, and of great credit in the country, and -can do me signal service. ‘Ah, sire,’ replied the Earl, ‘I am old and -feeble, and can be of little use, but I once had a son who could have -assisted you, and he is no more.’ By which answer James was so struck, -that he could not speak for several moments. - - - ------- - - - No. 14. WILLIAM HARVEY, M.D. - - _Black gown. Black skull-cap._ - - BORN 1578, DIED 1657-8. - - BY RILEY. - - -SON of Thomas Harvey of Folkestone, in Kent, by Joan Hawke, and eldest -of seven sons and two daughters. The parents were well-to-do people, who -brought up their children carefully and respectably. Mrs. Harvey seems -to have been a most estimable woman, if we only believe one half the -virtues ascribed to her on the tablet in Folkestone Church, where she -lies buried; the epitaph, though couched in the eulogistic and lengthy -style which was the fashion of the day, is sufficiently characteristic -to merit insertion. The mother of a great man is in our eyes always -deserving of notice. - -‘She was a godly, harmless woman, a chaste, loving wife, a charitable, -quiet neighbour, a comfortable and friendly matron, a provident -housewife and tender mother. Elected of God, may her soul rest in heaven -(as her body in this grave), to her a happy advantage, to hers an -unhappy loss.’ - -When only ten years old William Harvey went to a Grammar School, and -subsequently to Caius College, Cambridge, where, we are told, ‘he -studied classics, dialectics, and physics.’ It was the fashion of the -day for young men of any standing to finish their education on the -Continent, in one or other of those schools of learning and science -which were indeed the resort of the youth of all nations. Harvey fixed -his choice on Padua, then especially rich in eminent Professors in all -branches of learning. He had been early destined, both by the wishes of -his family and his own inclination, for the medical profession; and at -Padua, under the auspices of the celebrated Fabricius of Acquapendente -and others, our young Englishman, whose zeal was equal to his -intelligence, laid the foundation of his future greatness, and made -rapid strides in the path of fame. He remained five years at Padua, and -before his departure, at the age of twenty-four, received his doctor’s -diploma, with ‘licence to practise in every land and seat of learning.’ -On his return to England he obtained his doctor’s degree at his old -University of Cambridge, after which he settled in London, and married -the daughter of one Lancelot Brown, M.D. Harvey soon got into extensive -practice, enlarged his connection daily, and, while rising step by step -in his profession, made himself beloved (as is mostly the case with the -true disciple of St. Luke) by the skill and charity he exercised among -the poor and afflicted by whom he was surrounded. - -Before long he was elected a member of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, and -subsequently Principal Physician of that important establishment, where, -in the course of his tenure, he introduced the most stringent reforms -and regulations, which were considered needlessly severe by the younger -students, who had grown into habits of laxity and idleness. But neither -the duties of his office, nor his practice which he carried on outside -the walls, were allowed to interfere in any way with his literary -labours. Making the profoundest researches into every branch of medical -science, perusing and weighing the arguments of those very writers whom -he was destined to eclipse; he attracted the notice of King James the -First, one of whose redeeming qualities it was to encourage learning, -and who found great delight in the society of eminent men. The King -named Harvey Physician Extraordinary, with a reversionary promise of the -regular post at Court when it should become vacant, which did not occur -till after the accession of Charles the First. He was also body -physician to several noblemen and gentlemen of eminence, such as the -Lord Chancellor Bacon and Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundel, with whom he -travelled on the Continent. He was appointed Lecturer to the Royal -College of Physicians, in Amen Corner, where, with some interruptions -(through absence, Court duties, and other hindrances), he continued for -many years to attract and interest his colleagues by his knowledge and -eloquence. It was in the course of these lectures that he first -promulgated his wondrous doctrines on the motions of the heart and the -circulation of the blood; a subject with which the name of William -Harvey is indissolubly connected. The theories that had been hatching in -his prolific mind for long now took form and shape in his immortal work, -which he dedicated to King Charles, and to his own College. It was this -work (although one of many) which enriched the science of medicine, and -rendered his name immortal. The circulation of the blood had from time -immemorial been the theme of dispute and discussion among men of all -nations; but it was reserved, says Birch, for William Harvey in 1628 to -publish a book which was the clearest, the shortest, and the most -convincing that had ever yet been written on the subject. The startling -discoveries, and the bold manner in which they were expounded, kindled a -flame of antagonism and rivalry in the medical world. Learned -Professors, and men who professed without learning, rose to denounce, to -question, to deny him even the merit of originality, for had not the -same theories been known to the ancients? To the manifold attacks by -which he was assailed Harvey maintained for the most part a dignified -silence, though compelled in some cases to rise up and defend himself -and his opinions from adversaries, both English and foreign. - -In 1636 he accompanied his friend and patron, Thomas Howard, Earl of -Arundel, when that nobleman went on a special mission to the Emperor of -Germany. Harvey did not neglect this opportunity of making the -acquaintance of all the eminent men of science in the country, who in -their turn were desirous (from mingled motives) of meeting a man with -whose name Europe was now ringing. In a conclave of medical men at -Nürnberg our doctor made a public declaration of his professional faith, -when he was met by the most strenuous opposition. The learned Caspar -Hoffman, in particular, was so violent and unreasonable in his -arguments, that William Harvey, after listening with singular -forbearance for a considerable time, laid down the scalpel, which he -held and quietly left the apartment. It was in this expedition with Lord -Arundel that one of his Excellency’s gentlemen told Aubrey that Lord -Arundel was rendered very anxious by the frequent explorings of his -physician into the woods, where was great fear, not only of wild beasts, -but also of thieves, and where, indeed, the doctor one time narrowly -escaped with life. But Harvey would not neglect the chance of studying -the strange trees and foreign plants, and adding to his collection of -toads, frogs, and the like, for the purpose of experimenting upon -them—was sometimes like to be lost indeed, so that my Lord Ambassador -was angry with him. With all these contentions and animadversions we are -not surprised to hear that at one time Harvey’s practice declined, and -Aubrey says, ‘He was treated by many as a visionary and a madman, and -though everybody admired his anatomy, most people questioned his -therapeutics, so much so that his bills (_i.e._ recipes and -prescriptions) were not worth threepence.’ He now gave himself up to the -prosecution of his Court duties, and was indefatigable in his attendance -on the King. The relationship between Charles and his physician was of -the most friendly and intimate nature. Harvey speaks of his royal master -in terms of true affection, while the King took great delight in -frequenting the doctor’s dissecting-room, and studying anatomy and -medicine under his tutelage. On the breaking out of the civil wars -Harvey became more than ever attached in every sense of the word to the -person of the King, following him wheresoever he went, to court and -camp. On their return from Scotland our peace-loving doctor was present -at the battle of Edgehill, where Aubrey records a very characteristic, -and almost comical adventure. It was in 1642, during the fight in -question, that Harvey was intrusted with the care of the Prince of Wales -and the Duke of York. He accordingly withdrew with his young charges to -what he considered the shelter of a hedge, and finding the time hang -heavy on his hands, he took a book from his pocket, which he began -calmly and leisurely to peruse, when a large bullet grazed and disturbed -the grass at his feet, and induced him to move further from the heat of -the battle. Again we quote Aubrey, who met him at Oxford, where the -Court then was, and though ‘too young to become acquainted with so -learned a doctor,’ yet he remembers well how Harvey would come to our -College to the chambers of George Bathurst, tutor, who kept hens for the -hatching purposes in his rooms. Harvey would break the eggs daily at -intervals in order to watch the different progress of formation towards -the ‘perfect chick’; and all this with a view to the medical works he -was writing. How widely at variance were these calm studies compared -with the wild turmoil of political and military excitement by which he -was surrounded! The Wardenship of Merton College becoming vacant by the -resignation of Sir Matthew Brent, a Parliamentarian, the King -recommended Harvey for the vacant post, which he obtained, but did not -enjoy long, for when Oxford surrendered to the Roundheads, Brent resumed -his office. We cannot be surprised to hear that so loyal a subject as -Harvey incurred the ire of Cromwell, and on the doctor’s return to -London he found his house sacked, the furniture destroyed, and, worse -than all, as he himself told Aubrey, ‘No griefe was so crucifyinge as -the loss of those papers (treating of his medical experiences and -experiments) which neither love nor money could replace.’ It must have -been about the year 1646 that Dr. Harvey made up his mind to resign his -place at Court. Many reasons were given for this step, many apologies -made for his forsaking his royal master; but he was near upon seventy, -and it appears natural that a man of so peaceful a nature and of such -studious taste should prefer a calmer existence than that of ‘following -the drum.’ His retirement not only enabled him to pursue the bent of his -inclinations and to indulge in contemplation, but also to enjoy the -society of his brothers, who were of that number that verily dwelt -together in unity. They held their elder in honour and affection, and -vied with each other in welcoming him warmly to their respective homes. -His next brother Eliab seems to have been his favourite, as he made his -home for the most part either at the said Eliab’s London residence of -Cokaine House, near the Poultry, or at Roehampton, in Surrey. On the -leads of the former dwelling the doctor was wont to pass many hours in -contemplation, arranging his different stations with a view to the sun -and wind. At Combe there were caverns specially constructed in the -garden for the physician to meditate, as he always found darkness most -conducive to thought. The thrifty Eliab took William’s financial affairs -in hand, which he conducted with so much energy and discernment as to -increase his brother’s income, and enable him to indulge his generous -propensities towards private individuals and public institutions. He -became a munificent benefactor to his beloved College of Physicians, -both by gifts in his lifetime, and bequest by testament. He enlarged the -buildings, added a wing, and a large hall for conference, endowed it -with a library and a museum, and, in fact, was so noble in his gifts -that the grateful College erected a statue in his honour, with a long -and flattering inscription. But, alas! all these valuable additions, -together with the whole edifice, were destroyed in the Great Fire of -London. At the age of seventy-one the doctor’s energy remained so -unabated, that not only did he continue his literary labours, but he -travelled to Italy with his friend and disciple Sir George Brent. On the -last day of June 1657 William Harvey was stricken with the palsy, and, -on endeavouring to speak, found that he had lost the power to do so. He -ordered his apothecary by signs to ‘lett him blood,’ but this gave him -no relief, and his professional knowledge warned him that the end was -approaching. He therefore sent for his brother and nephews, to whom he -himself delivered some little token of affection, a watch or what not, -bidding them tenderly farewell, with dumb but eloquent signs of -affection. He died the same day as he was stricken. His friend Aubrey -exonerates him from the false charge of having hastened his own death by -drinking opium, which he occasionally used as an alleviation of pain, -but said Harvey had ‘an easy passport.’ - -A long train of his colleagues from the Royal College attended his -funeral, and Aubrey himself was one of the bearers. He was buried at -Hempstead, in Essex, and was ‘lapped’ in a leaden case, which was shaped -in form of the body, with a label bearing the illustrious name of -William Harvey, M.D., on his breast. - -The last will and testament of men who lay claim to any celebrity appear -to us to merit notice as indicative of character. Harvey’s will did not -in any way belie his life. He left his faithful steward and brother, -Eliab Harvey, the bulk of his property in money and land, as likewise -(Aubrey thinks out of tender sentiment) his silver coffee-pot; for the -brothers were wont to drink coffee together at a time when it was -reckoned an uncommon luxury, before coffee-houses were prevalent in -England. To all his other relations he left small sums that they might -purchase remembrances; to his College, and to more than one hospital, -generous bequests; scarcely any one was forgotten. To his dear and -learned friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes £10, to Dr. Scarborough his velvet -embroidered gown, to another his case of silver-mounted surgical -instruments, and so on. Nor were his faithful servants, who had tended -him in sickness, forgotten; ‘the pretty young wench’ who waited on him -at Oxford, and to whom Aubrey alludes in jesting terms, in spite of -Harvey’s proverbial insensibility to female charms, proved a most tender -nurse, and was gratefully remembered. We hear very little at any time -about Mistress Harvey, or the esteem in which her husband held her, but -we are told she had a parrot, whose prattle much amused the learned -doctor. - -He corresponded with learned men, both at home and abroad, and was -linked in friendship with such men as Hobbes, Robert Boyle, Cowley, and -the like. By nature he was hot-tempered and outspoken, although a -courtier. He rode to visit his patients on horseback, with a servant to -follow him on foot—‘a decent custom,’ Aubrey thinks, the discontinuance -of which he regrets. The same authority says Harvey ‘was of the lowest -stature, and an olivaster complexion, like unto wainscott; little eye, -round, bright, and black, and hair like the raven, but quite white -before his death,’ which could scarcely be wondered at, as he was then -eighty years of age. His friend, the learned Mr. Hobbes, says that -Harvey was ‘the only man, perhaps, who ever lived to see his own -doctrines established in his lifetime.’ This statement, the truth of -which appears more than questionable, it is easy to imagine, was put -forth under the influence of mortified feeling on the part of the -‘philosopher of Malmesbury.’ We refer the reader who is curious in such -research to the catalogues of the principal scientific libraries, both -in England and on the Continent, for a list of this great physician’s -professional works, as their names alone would enlarge in an -inconvenient manner the bulk of our volume. - - - ------- - - - No. 15. THE HONOURABLE EDWARD RUSSELL. - - _In armour. Red sash over right shoulder. White collar, with tassels. - Long hair._ - - DIED 1665. - - BY REMÉE. - - -HE was the youngest son of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, by Catherine -Brydges. He married Penelope, daughter and co-heir of Sir Moses Hill of -Hillsborough Castle, Ireland (Knight Marshal of Ulster, and ancestor of -the present Marquis of Downshire), and widow of Sir William Brooke, -Knight, by whom he had five sons and daughters. His second son was -eventually raised to the Peerage by the title of the Earl of Oxford. -Edward Russell survived his wife, and, dying in 1665, was buried at -Chenies. - - - ------- - - - No. 16. WILLIAM RUSSELL, FIFTH EARL, FIRST DUKE OF BEDFORD. - - _In armour. Lace cravat. Wig._ - - BORN 1613, DIED 1700. - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -HE was the eldest son of Francis Russell, fourth Earl of Bedford, by -Catherine Brydges, daughter and co-heir of Lord Chandos. He was educated -at Magdalen College, Oxford; and after travelling abroad for two years, -we are told he returned home in 1634, a very handsome and accomplished -gentleman. Of his personal beauty and noble bearing the fine portrait of -William Russell, and Lord Digby, by Vandyck, bears undoubted testimony. -He had been created Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Charles the -First. The representative of a high-born family, and heir to a very -large fortune, young Lord Russell was keenly watched by the match-makers -of the day. At that time three rival beauties divided the admiration of -the Court—Lady Elizabeth Cecil, Lady Dorothy Sidney, and Lady Anne Carr, -the only child of the Earl and Countess of Somerset. She was born in the -Tower at the time of her mother’s imprisonment for the murder of Sir -Thomas Overbury, and had been brought up in total ignorance of her -parents’ ignominy. ‘The voice goes,’ says a contemporary writer, ‘that -young Russell bends somewhat towards the Lady Anne Carr.’ One would not -be surprised to hear that Lord Bedford was most adverse to the union. He -trembled for the future welfare of his son, and the honour of his house, -for heavy was the blot on the young lady’s ‘scutcheon. He promised his -consent to any other union his son should project; but it was too late: -Lord Russell’s choice was free no more, and the sequel proved the -selection had been for his own happiness, and that of the whole family. -The King interested himself in the cause of the young lovers, and sent -the Duke of Lennox to mediate with Lord Bedford in the matter. Lord -Somerset, with all his crimes on his head, had proved himself the most -tender and devoted of fathers, giving his child an excellent and -strictly virtuous education, and he made every sacrifice in his power to -give her a good dowry, seeing that her poverty was an additional -obstacle to the marriage in Lord Bedford’s eyes; so Somerset sold his -house at Chiswick, his furniture, his plate and jewels; in fact denuded -himself of almost all he had, to make settlements on Lady Anne, ‘for,’ -said he to the Lord Chamberlain, ‘if one of us is to be undone by the -marriage, let it be myself, rather than my own deserving child.’ And so -came about this marriage, and the lovely creature, whose sweet innocent -young face is familiar to all lovers of Vandyck, became the wife of Lord -Russell, and the future mother of the patriot William. - -Lord Russell sat in Parliament for Tavistock, having for colleague the -famous Mr. Pym; but in the commencement of his career he did not take -much part in debate, but was chiefly employed in carrying messages from -the Lower to the Upper House. - -The death of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, caused great excitement in -political circles, and the new Earl received a deputation from the House -of Peers expressive of condolence, and the hope that ‘as soon as his -Lordship’s sorrow would allow him, he would take his seat, for no one -could better supply the place of his deceased father.’ These conjectures -were confirmed, for the new Lord followed in the footsteps of his -father, and in all the part he took in the coming struggles, he was ever -ready to support liberal and enlightened views, and to advocate what he -considered necessary reforms; withstanding undue encroachments on the -part of the King. He was, however, inclined to wise and moderate views -from the beginning, and deeply regretted the circumstances which had led -to civil dissension and open war; but the times were too stormy, and the -pressure of the political barometer too high, to allow of a middle -course. Disgusted with what he considered the arbitrary measures and the -obstinacy of the King, Lord Bedford now espoused the cause of the -Parliament, and even accepted the post of General in their army. He -besieged the Royalist forces in Sherborne Castle, and afterwards, on -joining the Earl of Essex on the eve of the battle of Edgehill, he -accepted, under that general, the command of the _corps de reserve_. His -conduct in the action gained him great distinction, as it was supposed -to be owing to his skill and courage that the defeat of the -Parliamentarians was averted, ‘for Lord Bedford brought up very -gallantly amidst a play of cannon.’ He was ever ready to propose and to -facilitate every means of pacification between Charles and his people, -but all these endeavours proving fruitless, and finding himself in -opposition to the _ultra_ opinions and measures of the Roundheads, he, -with some other Lords, determined on joining the King at Oxford. One of -his biographers says, the Earl of Bedford came to Oxford, had his -introduction, made a declaration of the motives which had actuated his -past conduct, and received a formal pardon under the Great Seal. The -King was naturally inclined to welcome so noble an adherent, but was -rather lukewarm in his manner, while the Queen and the greater part of -the courtiers treated him with much discourtesy. He fought with the -Royalists at the siege of Gloucester and the battle of Newbury, where -the gallant Falkland was killed. The Parliament, infuriated at Lord -Bedford’s secession, sequestrated his estates; but this sentence was -reversed shortly after the battle of Marston Moor in 1644. The next year -Lord Bedford, with Lord Carlisle and four other Peers, who had come from -the King’s quarters, went to the House of Parliament and took the -Covenant before the Commissioners of the Great Seal; this being the only -compliance made by Lord Bedford with the faction he had abandoned. He -now retired from public life, absented himself from Parliament, and -sought that quiet and domestic peace in the bosom of his family, for -which it may be well imagined he had often sighed amid the turmoil and -strife of political and military life. He repaired to his home at Woburn -Abbey, where, between the years 1645 and 1647, his royal master visited -him on three separate occasions. After the execution of the King, and -during the vicissitudes of the Commonwealth and the Protectorate, Lord -Bedford continued to live in seclusion, and it was not until the -Restoration (to which event he contributed, as far as in him lay, both -by his influence and his aid in pecuniary matters) that he reappeared in -public. How ill was he repaid by an ungrateful and cruel King! Lord -Bedford carried St. Edward’s sceptre at the coronation of Charles the -Second, and some time after received the Blue Ribbon of the Garter. He -belonged to a large number of loyal spirits, who, after assisting and -rejoicing in the return of the lawful Sovereign, experienced the most -bitter disappointment at the tyrannical and unconstitutional course -pursued by Charles, and following in the steps of his father, stood up -manfully against the encroachments on civil and religious liberty; -conduct which was supported and nobly carried out in the House of -Commons by his son William, Lord Russell, whose union with Lady Vaughan -about 1669 (better known to history as Rachel, Lady Russell) was a -source of unalloyed satisfaction to Lord and Lady Bedford, to whom she -became a tender and devoted daughter. In the life of William, Lord -Russell, we have given full details of his political career, of the -animosity his independent line of conduct aroused in the minds of the -King and the Duke of York, of his arrest on the false pretence of being -implicated in the Rye House Plot, of his unjust trial and hurried -execution, particulars of which it would be superfluous to repeat here. -Lady Russell spent the early days of her widowhood, and indeed the -greater part of her subsequent life, at Woburn, with her father-in-law, -affording and imparting sympathy. Lord Russell’s execution took place in -July 1683, and within a year his fond mother followed him to the grave. -Since the death of that beloved son, Lady Bedford’s health had gradually -declined; she pined away silently, almost imperceptibly; but there is -little doubt her death was accelerated by a strange and unforeseen -incident. She was sitting one day in the gallery at Woburn, when her -attention was attracted by a pamphlet which contained the whole history -of her mother’s life, her marriage and divorce from Lord Essex, and the -tragedy connected with the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, together with -the complicity of both parents—the mother, whose memory she knew no -reason to despise, the father whom she fondly believed she had every -reason to adore. The next person who entered the room found the unhappy -woman senseless on the floor, the fatal book beside her. It appears from -some letters of her daughter-in-law at the time, that the family not -only believed that this sad incident had hastened her death, but that if -her life had been spared, her reason would have been endangered. - -The remainder of Lord Bedford’s life is so intimately bound up with that -of his daughter-in-law and her children, that we must refer the reader -to our notice of Lady Russell for further particulars, even the passage -in which we have given the account of the creation of the Dukedom, which -honour was doubly acceptable to the aged Duke, as a tribute to the -memory of his lamented son. His love for his grandchildren, and the -tender letters he writes to their mother on their account, his delight -in the society of Mistress Katey, his little playfellow of nine years -old, when he was past eighty, all vouch for the gentleness of heart -which characterised the first Duke of Bedford. He had lived to see his -son’s memory vindicated, his son’s widow honoured and sought after by -every class in the kingdom, beginning with the Sovereigns, William and -Mary; the attainder reversed, his grandchildren prosperous, his grandson -and heir married with his sanction and approbation, and the family name, -in which he had a right to glory, respected through the kingdom. He was -ready to depart, and ‘now his daily prayer was to the effect that the -God in whom he had so humbly and faithfully trusted would grant him an -easy passage to the tomb.’ And never did any person leave this world -with greater inward peace, or with less struggle and discomposure; his -lamp of life was not blown out: the oil wasted by degrees, nature was -spent, and he fell asleep on the 7th September 1700, aged eighty-seven. -He was buried at Chenies by the side of his beloved wife. - - - ------- - - - No. 17. SIR THOMAS MYDDLETON, BART., OF CHIRK. - - _Brown dress. Purple sleeves. Lace cravat. Long hair._ - - DIED 1683. - - BY RUSSELL. - - -HE was the son of Sir Thomas Myddleton, first Baronet, who began his -military career as a Parliamentarian, afterwards became a zealous -adherent of the Royal cause, and was created a Baronet in 1660. The -subject of the present notice married, first, Elizabeth, daughter and -co-heir of Sir Thomas Wilbraham of Woodney; and, secondly, Charlotte, -daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Bart.; and had an only daughter, -Charlotte, married first to Edward, Earl of Warwick, and secondly to the -Right Hon. Joseph Addison. - - - ------- - - - No. 18. THE HONOURABLE FRANCIS RUSSELL. - - _In armour. Long fair hair._ - - DIED 1641. - - BY REMÉE. - - -HE was the second son of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, by Catherine -Brydges. He married Catherine, daughter of Lord Grey de Wark, and widow -of Sir Edward Moseley, Bart., and of the Lord North and Gray, by whom he -had no children. Francis Russell died in France shortly before his -father. He was brother to the first Countess of Bradford, of the Newport -family. - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - BREAKFAST-ROOM. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BREAKFAST-ROOM. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. PRINCE MAURICE. - - _As a boy. In the character of Cupid._ - - BORN 1620, DIED 1653. - - BY HONTHORST. - - -HE was the fourth son of Frederic, Elector Palatine (King of Bohemia), -by Elizabeth, Princess of England, daughter of James the First. After -the battle of Prague, which wrecked their fortunes, the unhappy ex-King -and Queen were driven from their palace at Prague, compelled to fly for -their lives by unfrequented roads, and through the blinding snowstorms, -which impeded the progress of their coach, and from which the fugitives -were obliged to alight, and take horse. - -Elizabeth displayed the utmost courage and fortitude, despite the -intensity of the weather and the delicacy of her health, and mounted -gladly on a pillion behind a young English volunteer of the name of -Hopton, who would often speak in after-days with love and veneration of -his royal fellow-traveller, the Queen of Hearts, the only sovereignty -that was now left her. In their distress the unhappy pair sought about -for some place of shelter where Elizabeth might be cared for in her hour -of approaching trial and her husband appealed to his brother-in-law, -George William of Brandenburg, for the loan of one of his castles, -either of Spandau or Custrine. The answer was a grudging permission to -inhabit the latter residence, although the owner assured Frederic it was -no place for a Queen just fresh from a palace; that it was not -commodious or safe from the incursions of their enemies; and, moreover, -they would be exposed to cold and famine, as there was no fuel and no -food. The fugitives found this account but too true, and even this surly -permission would have been withheld but for the intercession of the -British Envoy, Wotton. Moreover, their parsimonious host bargained with -his needy relatives to defray all expenses, but Elizabeth’s condition -allowed of no alternative. Three days after their arrival Prince Maurice -was born in this dreary old barrack, with its bare walls and unfurnished -interior—a strange contrast to the scene of splendour and festivity -which characterised the birth of his brother Rupert. Before the proper -time had elapsed that it was advisable for her to travel, the ex-Queen -was hurried away, accompanied by little Rupert, to Wolfenbüttel, and -afterwards to the Hague, where she found a generous protector and -devoted friend in the Stadtholder; the new-born infant being despatched -to the care of his widowed grandmother, the Electress Juliana, in Polish -Russia. Poor child! he had not the traditional good fortune of one born -on Christmas Day. From his earliest childhood he bore his brother Rupert -the most devoted affection, and through their lives they were brothers -in very truth—brothers in arms and affection; their paths strangely -intertwined for soldiers of fortune; they were both prematurely brave, -and early initiated into the profession they so much adorned. When -together at the siege of Breda, Maurice, waking in the night, heard a -noise for which he could not account, so he roused Rupert, and they -crept out together in the dark, and were just in time to save the -garrison from a surprise. In 1638 Prince Maurice prosecuted his studies -at a French University, and in 1642 gained permission to accompany -Rupert, who had been appointed to a high command in the army of their -uncle, Charles the First. This gallant pair vied with each other in -loyalty and devotion to the English King. Their bravery, their exploits, -the various commands they filled, the numerous actions in which they -fought (frequently side by side), all these incidents belong to the -chronicles of the civil wars of the period. In 1646 the brothers left -England, Prince Rupert proceeding to St. Germain to join the -Queen-mother there in exile, while Prince Maurice embarked for Holland. -The subsequent life of this Prince appears to have been almost entirely -passed on the decks of the varied vessels which he in turn commanded, -for both he and Rupert secured glory and renown on the broad ocean, as -they had already done in the battlefield, and their voyages were -frequently made in company. In the notice of the elder, we have given -the account of a touching episode in the lives of the two brothers, -which we therefore omit here. But Maurice was doomed to find a watery -grave in the year 1653, in a hurricane which overtook his vessel off the -Virgin Islands. The following is a description of the tragic event: ‘In -this fatal wreck, besides many great gentlemen and others, the sea, to -glut itself, swallowed the Prince, whose fame the mouth of detraction -cannot blast. His very enemies bewailed his loss. Many had more power, -few more merit; he lived beloved, and died bewailed.’ Two years after -his death there was a rumour that he still lived (but the false report -soon died away), that he had been captured by a pirate, and was a slave -in Africa, but this unlikely tale gained little or no credence. - - - ------- - - - No. 8. COLONEL WEST. - -_Black cloak over doublet of same colour. Left hand gloved with white - glove and holding the other. Large white cuffs turned back. Hand - resting on hip. White deep turned-down collar with tassels._ - - BY WALKER. - - -HE was a distinguished Parliamentarian officer, and much valued by -Cromwell. He was engaged in Inverkeithing fight in 1651, and was -commended in Oliver Cromwell’s letter to the Speaker of the Parliament -of England, reporting the result of that engagement, which he described -as an ‘unspeakable mercy.’ - - - ------- - - - No. 16. THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON. - - _Robes of the Garter. Wand of office._ - - DIED 1667. - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - -HE was the second born but only surviving son of the third Earl, by -Elizabeth, daughter of John Vernon of Hodnet, County Salop. Educated at -Eton and Oxford, where he distinguished himself, and afterwards -travelled abroad; remained some time in France, where he probably -espoused his first wife, and afterwards proceeded to the Low Countries. -His father and elder brother had also gone thither, and were attacked by -fever. The youth died, and his father (travelling before it was prudent -for him to do so), borne down by sorrow, soon followed his beloved child -to the grave. Thomas, who had now become Earl of Southampton, found on -his return to England that public affairs were in great confusion. The -Parliamentarians did all in their power to gain over the young nobleman -to their side, but he disapproved of their proceedings, and would take -no part in them. He was soon after appointed Privy Councillor and Lord -of the Bedchamber to the King, and became henceforth, in every sense of -the word, attached to the royal person, to whom he was an excellent -friend, often giving him unpalatable advice. He used to sleep in the -King’s apartment, and to the best of his power soothed his hours of -mental anguish. In 1647, when the unhappy monarch fled from Hampton -Court, he took shelter at Titchfield, in Hampshire, Lord Southampton’s -country-house, and when brought back to the palace in the hands of his -enemies, his first request was for the attendance of his trusty friend. -This permission was granted him, and Southampton was one of the last -allowed to remain with his royal master, and one of the four mourners -who paid the last sad duties to his remains. With Charles the Second he -kept up a continued correspondence, and supplied the exile with large -sums, hastening to meet him on his arrival in England, when he was -rewarded by being made Knight of the Garter, as were other faithful -adherents to the Crown, and was shortly afterwards appointed Lord High -Treasurer. In this capacity he showed so much independence of spirit and -interest in the public welfare as to offend the King, who did not, -however, remove him from his office, which was exercised by Southampton, -although suffering from a terrible and painful disease which made -business occasionally irksome to him. To his credit be it spoken, that -during seven years’ management of the Treasury he made but an ordinary -fortune, disdaining to sell places, as many of his predecessors had -done. - -The Earl of Southampton was thrice married: first, to Rachel, daughter -of Daniel de Ruvigny, in France, by whom he had two sons, who died -young, and three daughters, the second of whom was Rachel, the faithful -wife and widow of the patriot, William, Lord Russell; his second -Countess was Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Francis Booth, Lord -Dunsmore, by whom he had four girls; and his third wife was the daughter -of William, second Duke of Somerset, and widow of Viscount Molyneux. He -died at Southampton House, in Bloomsbury, which he bequeathed to his -daughter, Lady Russell, and was buried at Titchfield. By his death the -title of Southampton in the Wriothesley family became extinct. - - - ------- - - - No. 28. COLONEL, AFTERWARDS LORD GORING. - - _Slashed doublet. Long fair hair._ - - DIED 1662 _v.p._ - - BY STONE AFTER VANDYCK. - - -SIR George Goring of Hurstpierpoint, County Sussex, was created in 1629 -Baron Goring, and in 1645 Earl of Norwich. He married Mary, daughter of -Edward Neville, Lord Abergavenny. Their third eldest son was George, the -subject of this notice, who distinguished himself greatly in the civil -wars. He married in early life Lady Lettice Boyle, daughter of the Earl -of Cork. He was wild, eccentric, and extravagant, and Lord Wentworth -(afterwards Earl of Strafford), speaking of him in a letter to Lord -Carlisle, 1633, says: ‘Young Mr. Goring is gone to travel, having run -himself out of £8000, which he purposes to redeem by frugality abroad, -unless my Lord Cork can be induced to put to his helping hand, which I -have undertaken to solicit for him the best I can, and shall do it with -all the power and care my credit and wit shall in any way suggest unto -me.’ The noble writer was successful in his negotiation, and Lord Cork -was most generous and liberal on this and several other occasions to a -son-in-law who gave him much trouble. Not long after the marriage Lord -Cork thus writes, in speaking of George Goring: ‘After borrowing money -from me for himself and his father, he departed from us without once -taking leave of me, and leaving his wife and servants, posted through -Scotland on to England on the choice gray gelding I bestowed upon him -called Gray Brown, hath much disquieted me, his wife, and friends.’ His -poor wife had good reason to be disquieted on this and many other -occasions, but she seems to have retained a real affection for her -unworthy husband, willing to join him at any summons, and frequently -interceding with her generous father for so-called loans and large sums, -which never appear to have been repaid. - -George Goring, on his arrival in the Low Countries, enlisted as a -soldier, entered Lord Vere’s regiment, and soon gained a high command, -distinguishing himself at the siege of Breda. On his return to England -he was made Governor of Portsmouth, in which capacity he got into -trouble with the Parliament, and was summoned before the House of -Commons on suspicion of favouring the Royal cause. Anxious to provide -for his own interests by pleasing both sides, he contrived to give -satisfaction to the Parliament, and was therefore exonerated. Goring was -indeed anything but straightforward in his dealings; Lord Clarendon says -of him: ‘He could help himself with all the intimation of doubt, or -fear, or shame, or simplicity in his face that might gain belief to a -greater degree than I ever saw in any man, and could seem most -confounded when he was best resolved, and to want words when they flowed -from no man with greater power.’ He cajoled the popular party, -corresponded secretly with the King in 1642, threw off the mask he had -worn as adherent to the Parliament, and declared openly that he held -Portsmouth for Charles the First. The town was besieged by sea and land, -and surrendered after a meagre defence; Goring stipulating that he might -be allowed to transport himself beyond the seas, which caused great -astonishment, as also did his appointment (on his return in 1644) to the -command of cavalry in the Royal army in Lincolnshire. He now continued -to distinguish himself greatly in the service of the King, and was -present in almost every action. In 1646, his father being created Earl -of Norwich, he became Lord Goring, and held the commission of -Lieutenant-General of several counties, in which capacity he did little -good, setting a bad example to the troops by his irregular and immoral -conduct. Clarendon says of him that he had a good understanding, a sharp -wit, and keen courage, but he did not value his promise or friendship -according to any rules of honour or integrity. ‘He loved no man so well -but he would cozen him and expose him to ridicule.’ The same historian -speaks of Goring’s immoderate ambition, dissimulation, and want of -religion. He continued his vacillating line of conduct, and when in -difficulties pleaded illness, and gained permission to go to Bath for a -cure, but returned to active service, became a Privy Councillor, and had -undeserved favours showered upon him by the King. His whole career was -marked by contrasts of success and failure, courage and blundering, and -animosity towards those who like Prince Rupert filled a high position, -and stood well in the opinion of others. After many vicissitudes he -resolved to leave England, and proceeded to the Netherlands, where he -became Lieutenant-General of the Spanish army, and afterwards obtained -the same command in Spain under Don John de Silva, who, finding that he -was in communication with Cardinal Mazarin, had him seized at the head -of his troops, and sent prisoner to Madrid. Writers differ as to the -termination of this eccentric man’s career. Some say he was put to death -in prison for treason, and others that he entered a monastery and died -in the habit of a Dominican friar. - -Lord Goring had no children. Dying in the lifetime of his father, Lord -Norwich was succeeded by his second son, Charles, who married Alice, -daughter of Robert Leman, Esq., and widow of Sir Richard Baker, Knight, -but having no children the titles of Norwich and Goring became extinct. - - - ------- - - - No. 30. PRINCE RUPERT. - - _In a classical dress, as Mars._ - - BORN 1619, DIED 1682. - - BY HONTHORST. - - -HE was the third son of Frederic, Elector Palatine, and King of Bohemia, -by Princess Elizabeth of England, daughter of James the First. Born at -Prague during the short-lived period of his parents’ prosperity, while -inhabiting the Palace of the Bohemian capital. More than half a century -had elapsed since the birth of a royal Prince at Prague, and the event -was the occasion of great excitement and rejoicing. Persons of all -classes were invited to have a glimpse of the royal infant, swathed in -rich wrappings of gold and embroidery. Nobles and ladies, burghers and -their wives, officers of state, soldiers, peasants, all flocked to the -Palace, and clustered round the cradle of the future hero. His father -thought well to name him Rupert, after the wise and fortunate Elector -who, on the death of Wenceslaus, ascended the Imperial throne: and the -ceremony of baptism was conducted on a scale of great magnificence, -which helped not a little to drain the ill-filled coffers of Frederic -and Elizabeth. On the other hand, donations of all kinds poured in from -the nobles, the burghers, and their respective wives. Contributions of -fruit and flowers were presented by the poorer population, offerings -which were most graciously received by the gentle-hearted mother. - -Her two elder sons were respectively heirs to titles (alas! how empty) -of King, and Elector Palatine. The Bohemian Ministry, willing to do -honour to a Prince born ‘in their midst,’ bestowed on the new-born babe -the dignity of Duke of Lithuania, which the child did not long enjoy, -seeing that a few months after his birth the decisive battle of Prague -was the means of driving his parents from their newly-acquired kingdom, -penniless and homeless wanderers, compelled to solicit shelter and -assistance from cold relatives and fickle friends. - -Rupert was the only one of her children who accompanied Elizabeth on her -miserable flight from Custrin to Holland (a circumstance to which we -have alluded in the sketch of his brother Maurice), where the ex-Queen -with her family resided for many years, and where five children were -born to her. Little Rupert was sent to the College at Leyden, where his -eldest brother Henry was a student, and had already distinguished -himself greatly. Amongst other accomplishments, Henry was an elegant -letter-writer, and kept up a frequent correspondence with his mother. In -one of his letters he tells how ‘dear Rupert is a most lively boy,’ and -amused the students when he first arrived by speaking to them in -Bohemian. - -A soldier at heart from his earliest childhood, Rupert did not remain -long at Leyden, but entered the army under Henry Frederic of Nassau, and -(Lodge tells us) was present at the siege of Thynberg, although another -biographer places the date of his first action several years later. Be -this as it may, in 1637 he marched with his brother, Charles Louis, who -now called himself Elector Palatine (their father being dead), against -the Imperialists. The gallant Lord Craven had constituted himself the -guardian of ‘the Palatine Princes,’ and accompanied them in the -expedition, writing frequently to their mother at the Hague, to give -tidings of Charles and the beloved Rupert. Lord Craven had warmly -espoused the cause of Frederic, and was now the devoted friend of the -royal widow and her family. He and his two charges distinguished -themselves during the siege of Lippe, but being worsted in an encounter -with General Hatzfeldt, Charles Louis had a narrow escape of his life. -He crossed the river in his coach, and, clinging to the shrubs and -underwood, climbed up on the precipitous bank of the opposite shore, and -made his way to Holland. His brother and Lord Craven were both taken -prisoners by the Imperialists, and carried to Vienna, where they were -lodged in the castle. With much difficulty Rupert found means to have a -few lines conveyed to his mother, wherein, after some tender expressions -of filial love and respect, he assured her that no power on earth should -induce him to renounce his party, or abjure his faith. Lord Craven -succeeded in regaining his freedom, by paying the large ransom of -£20,000; but all attempts to procure the deliverance of Rupert proved -unavailing. It was only at the expiration of three years, and on -condition that he would undertake never again to bear arms against the -Emperor, that the young Prince was set at liberty, shortly after which -event he received an offer from his uncle, Charles the First, of the -command of the cavalry in the Royal army, the King having unfurled his -standard against the Parliamentarians. He was accompanied by his brother -Maurice, whose love and admiration for his elder were unbounded; and the -exploits of these gallant Princes in the service of their royal uncle, -are they not written in the books of the chronicles of the civil wars of -England? - -After the execution of Charles the First Rupert received a new -commission from Charles the Second, and continued to distinguish himself -by sea and land; went to Portugal, the Mediterranean, the French coast, -Madeira, the Azores, etc. etc.; encountered all kinds of dangers and -vicissitudes, reverses and successes. A more chequered life is scarcely -on record than that of Prince Rupert. - -Our space is too limited to admit of any lengthened details of his -adventures, ‘moving accidents by flood and field,’ and of all his -‘hair-breadth ‘scapes’; but one passage in his life is too full of -romantic interest, and so characteristic of the fraternal affection of -the Palatine Princes, to be passed over in silence. Captain Fearnes, who -commanded the fine ship _The Admiral_, gives a noble and touching -description of the incidents connected with the wreck of his vessel. One -of the most disastrous tempests ever recorded in a seaman’s log overtook -the English fleet, then cruising among the Western Islands, and after -every endeavour had been made to save the ship without a chance of -success, Captain Fearnes, who survived the wreck, gives the following -report: ‘It was resolved that the ship must be our grave, and every man -very well resolved to die, and the minister told us that as many as -would receive the Sacrament he would administer it, and desired that we -would give him notice, when we saw we were past all hope, to come to the -place appointed, there to receive it, and die all together.’ - -Prince Rupert, believing his last moments were at hand, waved his -brother Maurice to bring his vessel, _The Honest_ _Seaman_, under the -Admiral’s stern, to bid his beloved brother an eternal farewell, to give -him his last directions and express his last wishes. Maurice, regardless -of his own safety, commanded his men to lower a boat, either to save -Rupert, or to put him on board and let them die together. His officers -refused, as they said it would be to their own destruction, and be of no -avail in saving Rupert. They made, indeed, a feint of lowering the boat, -but paid little heed to the agony of their commander. Then the crew of -_The Admiral_ came to a noble decision. Deeply touched by the devotion -which his Highness displayed, they conjured him to seek safety in the -one little boat that was left them. This he steadily refused, saying -‘that as they had run all risks with him, so he would participate them.’ -Thus did either try to breathe their last in unspeakable magnanimity. -The brave seamen were not to be foiled; they elected a crew of undaunted -lads, hoisted out their boat, and by force thrust their brave Prince -into the same. He was put aboard _The Honest Seaman_, and immediately -sent back the skiff to save as many as was possible, specifying the -names of three officers, one of whom alone (and that the captain in -command) accepted the offer. Fearnes was blamed by many for deserting -his ship’s company. He and the Prince’s servant were boarded on one of -the vessels, but the unfortunate little skiff was swamped. The Prince -strove in vain to approach _The Admiral_, but it could not be done from -stress of weather, and the doomed crew waved a sad farewell from the -deck of the sinking ship to their comrades. In all, 333 men perished in -this fatal storm, but the whole story remains a glorious passage in the -annals of British seamen. Rupert’s regret for the loss of a noble ship, -with a rich freight on board, was little in comparison with his grief -for that of his valued messmates. He was again threatened with a watery -grave in a tremendous hurricane which overtook the fleet when at a short -distance from the Virgin Islands, and in this fatal storm he had to -deplore the loss of his devoted friend and brother, Prince Maurice, who -went down on the deck of the well-named _Honest Seaman_. Yet once more -he had an escape from drowning when at Paris at the Court of Louis the -Fourteenth, in company with Charles the Second. A letter from a -Roundhead thus details the circumstance:— - -‘The Seine had like to have made an end of your Black Prince Rupert’ (he -was swimming with the King and Duke of York); ‘he was near being drowned -if it had not been for the help of one of his servants, who dragged him -up by the hair of his head.’ These ‘highly liveried blackamoors,’ like -all other dependants of the Prince, were much attached to their noble -master. - -On his return to England in 1662 Rupert seems to have given himself up -to the pursuit of philosophical and scientific studies, even (so it was -affirmed by many) to those of an occult nature. He fitted up for himself -a workshop in the High Tower of Windsor Castle, furnished with forges, -crucibles, retorts, instruments of all sorts, and here ‘the hero of a -hundred fights’ might be seen with blacksmith’s apron and bare brawny -arms indulging in all the experiments of vital interest to a chemist and -an alchemist. In this laboratory he was frequently visited by his royal -cousin the King, and his favourite the Duke of Buckingham, both of whom -took a great delight in Rupert’s occupations. This strange man had other -apartments assigned to him in the castle, where he kept stores of armour -and weapons from all parts of the world, together with a library of -valuable books, the catalogue of which is still extant. John Evelyn was -a great admirer of Rupert’s versatile talents, and was a delighted -listener when the Prince related to him the discovery that he had made -of mezzotint engraving. The story is well known how on one occasion, -when at Brussels, the Prince observed a sentinel at some distance from -his post very busy doing something to his piece. Rupert asked what he -was about; he replied the dew had fallen in the night, had made his -fusil rusty, and that he was scraping and cleaning it. The Prince, -examining the gun, was struck with something like a figure eaten into -the barrel with innumerable little holes closed together like friezed -work on gold or silver, part of which the soldier had scraped away. This -suggested to the Prince a contrivance which resulted in the discovery of -mezzotint engraving, carried out in company with his protégé, the -painter, Wallerant Vaillant. Great rivalry was excited on the occasion, -and many people laid claim to an invention which was clearly that of -Rupert. - -Other discoveries and inventions of this wonderful man we leave to his -more complete biographers. He found time in the midst of these -engrossing pursuits to become enamoured of the charms of Francisca Bard, -daughter of Lord Bellamont, by whom he had a son, on whose education he -bestowed much care. He was called Dudley Bard, and grew up to emulate -his father’s military ardour and undaunted courage, but was killed at -the siege of Buda in 1686, having just attained his twentieth year. - -Negotiations were carried on at one time for an alliance between Rupert -and a member of a royal house, but came to an end in consequence of the -Prince’s slender means. - -In 1660 he once more embarked to oppose the French, alternating his -beloved studies with his military and naval duties, but an old wound he -had received in the head some time before put him to great torture and -endangered his life, so much so that he was obliged to be trepanned. -Requiring rest after the operation, he joined the Merry Monarch’s merry -Court at Tunbridge Wells, and had not long been there before he formed a -connection with the fair Mistress Hughes, an actress belonging to the -King’s company, and one of the earliest female performers, who began her -theatrical career in 1663, and gained great distinction in the character -of Desdemona. The fascinations of this lady had a softening and refining -influence on the manners and habits of his Highness, and even his -beloved studies were neglected for the delights of her society. His -dress was no longer neglected, and he vied with the other courtiers of -his royal cousin in gallantry and compliments, but the beautiful -comedian was not so easy of access as most of her compeers, and it was -some time before she was induced to listen to her royal lover’s suit. He -was most lavish in his expenditure, grudging nothing to the fair siren. -He purchased for her the magnificent seat of Sir Nicholas Crispe, near -Hammersmith, afterwards the residence of the Margrave of Brandenburg, -which cost £25,000 in the building. - -By her he had a daughter named Ruperta, married to General Howe, of whom -there is a most characteristic portrait in the collection of the Earl of -Sandwich at Hinchingbrook. Mrs. Hughes remained on the stage for many -years after Prince Rupert’s death, who saw little of her in his later -days, but bequeathed a large property to her and her daughter. - -After leaving Tunbridge Wells he returned to Windsor, and resumed his -studies, until called once more into active service. In 1673 he was -appointed Lord High Admiral in place of the Duke of York, and commanded -the fleet against the United Provinces, when, as usual, he distinguished -himself. On the 29th of November 1682 Prince Rupert died in his house at -Spring Gardens, ‘mourned and respected’ by men of the most differing -interests. A magnificent funeral was allotted to him, and he was buried -in Westminster Abbey. - -Count Grammont, in his Memoirs, gives anything but a flattering -description of the Prince’s personal appearance, but we are more -inclined to credit the testimony of such painters as Honthorst, Lely, -and Kneller, whose portraits are undoubtedly noble and prepossessing. - - - ------- - - - No. 33. LADY DIANA RUSSELL AS A CHILD. - - _Elizabethan ruff. Elaborate lace head-dress. Rich frock. Coral - and bells. Holds a pack of cards._ - - DIED 1701. - - -SHE was the second daughter of William, fifth Earl (afterwards first -Duke) of Bedford. At an early age she gave much anxiety to her family, -from having, it is said, eaten some poisonous berries, which caused the -death of her sister Anne. Diana recovered, and married, in 1667, Sir -Greville Verney of Compton Verney, County Warwick; and secondly, -William, third Baron Allington of Wymondley and Killard, of Horseheath, -County Cambridge, Constable of the Tower. Lady Allington appears to have -taken a keen interest in the passing events of the day, especially in -the Revolution of 1688. She is often mentioned in terms of genuine -affection by Rachel, Lady Russell, in her letters. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - DRAWING-ROOM. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - DRAWING-ROOM. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. LADY ISABELLA DORMER, AFTERWARDS COUNTESS OF MOUNTRATH, AS A - CHILD. - - _Tawny dress. Blue drapery. Fastening up a flower._ - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - -She was the second daughter of Charles, third Lord Dormer, and second -and last Earl of Carnarvon (of that family), by Elizabeth, daughter of -Arthur, Lord Capel. She married Sir Charles Coote, fourth Earl of -Mountrath, of a noble family of French extraction, which settled first -in Devonshire, and subsequently in Ireland. Sir Charles Coote, for his -loyalty and military services, was, at the Restoration, created, with -other honours, Earl of Mountrath. It was his grandson, and third Earl of -Mountrath, who married the subject of this notice. He was much -considered at Court, carried the banner of Ireland at the funeral of -Queen Mary in 1694, was one of the Lords Justices in 1696, and died in -1709. His grandson, the sixth Earl, married Lady Diana Newport, daughter -of the Earl of Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. LADY DIANA FEILDING. - - _Oval. Blue dress. Dark hair._ - - DIED 1731. - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - -She was the daughter of Francis Newport, first Earl of Bradford, by Lady -Diana Russell. She married, first, Thomas Howard of Ashtead, County -Surrey, Esq., Knight of the Bath, Groom of the Bedchamber to George the -First, Auditor of the Exchequer, and Clerk Comptroller of the Board of -Green Cloth, by whom she had a son, who died while a schoolboy at -Westminster, and a daughter married to Lord Dudley and Ward. By her -second husband, the Honourable William Feilding, younger son of William, -fifth Earl of Denbigh, and second Earl of Desmond (whom she also -survived), she left no children. A marble tablet, surmounted by a bust, -at Ashtead, where she lies buried, bears this inscription: ‘Be this -monument sacred to the memory of Lady Diana Feilding, daughter of -Francis Newport, first Earl of Bradford. Her first husband was grandson -to the Earl of Berkshire. Surviving her children, this illustrious -branch of the house of Howard became her family. To it during her life -she assured the inheritance of that estate she enjoyed by the bounty of -her first husband, and at her death she made provision still more ample -to support the honour and dignity of the present Earl of Berkshire and -his descendants. That his gratitude therefore may be preserved in the -minds of his latest posterity, Henry Bowes, Earl of Berkshire, has -caused this monument to be erected, 1773.’ Lady Diana was very -charitable to the poor, and built and endowed alms-houses for six poor -widows in the neighbourhood of Leatherhead. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. LADY DIANA RUSSELL. - - _Oval. Blue velvet gown. Pearl necklace. Fair curls._ - - BORN 1622, DIED 1694. - - BY VERELST. - - -SHE was the youngest daughter of Francis William, son of William, Lord -Russell of Thornhaugh, County North Hants, who succeeded his cousin -Edward, as fourth Earl of Bedford. Her mother was Catherine, daughter -and co-heir of Giles Bridges, Lord Chandos. Lady Diana married Francis, -Viscount Newport (afterwards first Earl of Bradford), a distinguished -loyalist, and brave soldier in Charles the First’s army. He was taken -prisoner at Oswestry in 1644, at which time his wife (with Lady -D’Aubigny and others) also fell into the hands of the rebels, as appears -by a letter from the famous Hugh Peters to the Earl of Stamford, -soliciting the release of Lady Newport. She died in 1694, and was -interred at Chenies, the burial-place of the Russell family in -Buckinghamshire. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN. - - _Dark blue dress. Seated, leaning her arm on a boulder. Landscape in the - background._ - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - LIBRARY. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - LIBRARY. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. HONOURABLE ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, GRENADIER GUARDS. - - _Undress. Guard’s uniform._ - - BORN 1794, DIED 1827. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the third son of the first Earl of Bradford by the Hon. Lucy -Byng. Was in the Grenadier Guards, and wounded at the battle of -Waterloo, and at first reported dead. He married, in 1817, Lady Selina -Needham, daughter of Francis, first Earl of Kilmorey, by whom he had -three children. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. CAPTAIN THE HONOURABLE CHARLES ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, R.N. - - _Naval uniform. Holding a telescope._ - - BORN 1791, DIED 1860. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the second son of Orlando, first Earl of Bradford (of the -Bridgeman family), by Lucy Elizabeth Byng, daughter of George, fourth -Viscount Torrington. He entered the Navy in 1804 as first-class -volunteer, on board the _Repulse_, Captain the Honourable Arthur Legge, -under whom the following year he became Midshipman, and was present at -Sir Robert Calder’s action at the Passage of the Dardanelles, and also -in the Expedition of the Scheldt. In 1809 he joined the _Manilla_, 36, -Captain George Francis Seymour (grandfather to the present Marquis of -Hertford, 1885); in 1810 he was confirmed Lieutenant in the _Semiramis_, -both on the Lisbon station. He was subsequently appointed -Flag-Lieutenant to his old Commander, Rear-Admiral Legge, under whose -orders he had first sailed. Charles Bridgeman was present at the defence -of Cadiz, and joined successively the _Bellerophon_, hoisting the flag -of Sir Richard Keats, on the Newfoundland station, and the _Royal -Sovereign_, yacht, Captain Sir John Poer Beresford. For two years he -then commanded the _Badger_, in the West Indies station, and assisted in -the reduction of Guadaloupe, and later on was appointed to the _Icarus_, -in South America, and the _Ruttenheimer_, which was attached to the -squadron in the Mediterranean. - -Charles Bridgeman retired from active service in 1846, attaining the -rank of Vice-Admiral before his death. He married, in 1819, Elizabeth -Anne, daughter of Sir Henry Chamberlain, British Consul at Rio Janeiro, -by whom he had a family of three sons and five daughters. Charles -Bridgeman was remarkable for his personal beauty, and was deservedly -popular in the service. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. THE HONOURABLE SELINA FORESTER, PRESENT COUNTESS OF BRADFORD. - - _Black gown. Small dog in her lap._ - - BY FRANCIS GRANT, AFTERWARDS SIR FRANCIS GRANT, P.R.A. - - -THE youngest of the five beautiful daughters of the first Baron -Forester, by Lady Katherine Manners, second daughter of the fourth Duke -of Rutland. She married, in 1844, Viscount Newport, who succeeded his -father as third and present Earl of Bradford, by whom she had four sons -and two daughters. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. PORTRAIT, SAID TO BE KING RICHARD THE THIRD. - - PAINTER UNKNOWN. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. ROBERT JENKINSON, SECOND EARL OF LIVERPOOL, K.G. - - _Dark coat. White waistcoat._ - - BORN 1770, DIED 1828. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -BEGAN his education at a school at Parsons-green, where he remained till -he was thirteen, and was then removed to the Charterhouse, where he -continued for two or three years, and distinguished himself in classics -and other branches of learning. He afterwards entered Christ Church -College, Oxford, but his father had early destined him for public life, -and directed Robert’s studies with a view to his future career, making a -point that political science, commerce, and finance should be especially -attended to. At college young Jenkinson became the companion and friend -of George Canning, afterwards Prime Minister, a friendship which -continued for a very long period. Robert Jenkinson was at Paris on the -breaking out of the Revolution, and witnessed the demolition of the -Bastille by the mob: he was the means of affording useful information to -the British Government respecting the state of French public affairs, -being in close correspondence with Mr. Pitt. On his return to England he -was chosen Member of Parliament for Rye, under the especial patronage of -the Minister. But his election taking place twelve months before his age -qualified him to sit in the House of Commons, he passed the intervening -time in Paris. In 1791, on attaining his twenty-first year, he took his -seat, and made his first speech in opposition to a motion of Mr. -Whitbread’s on foreign affairs, in which the young member showed a -wonderful acquaintance with European politics and international law. -Both he and his father were opposed to the Abolition of the Slave-trade. -When in 1792 Charles Fox moved an address to the King to the effect that -his Majesty should send an Ambassador to the French Republic (Lord Gower -having been recalled), Mr. Jenkinson, in the absence of Mr. Pitt, -replied in indignant and eloquent terms: ‘On this very day, while we are -here debating about sending an Ambassador to Paris—on this very day is -the King of France to receive sentence; and in all probability it is the -day of his murder.’ And he proceeded in glowing terms to point out how -ill-advised, undignified, and unfeeling the sanction which would thus be -given to ‘sanguinary monsters’ would appear in the sight of all men. -Fox’s motion was rejected without a division, and Jenkinson’s eloquence -gained him universal praise, Edmund Burke being loud in his approbation. -The young member rose in the opinion of all parties from that moment, -and continued to take a prominent part as an upholder of the Government, -which course he pursued for several years. In 1793 he was appointed one -of the Commissioners of the India Board: he invariably distinguished -himself, especially when speaking on matters connected with trade and -commerce, for which, Mr. Sheridan said, ‘Mr. Jenkinson might be expected -to have some claims to hereditary knowledge.’ In 1796 Robert’s father -was created Earl of Liverpool, and he himself assumed the title of Lord -Hawkesbury. He was a staunch advocate for the union with Ireland, and in -1801 he became Foreign Secretary, on the formation of a new Ministry, -which gave him ample scope for his knowledge of political affairs on the -Continent; and in the fulfilment of his official duties, he gained new -laurels on many occasions too numerous to detail here. Later on, the -management of the House of Commons (as it is technically called) -devolved upon Lord Hawkesbury, who spoke on all the important questions -of the day, and, at the opening of the next session, was called up to -the House of Lords in order to strengthen the Ministry in the Upper -House. On the return of Mr. Pitt at the head of the Ministry, he -received the seals of the Home Department. At a late period of this -session, on Mr. Wilberforce again bringing forward his favourite -question of the Abolition of the Slave-trade, Lord Hawkesbury was -instrumental in opposing the measure in the House of Lords, after it had -passed the Commons, a course which he also pursued with regard to the -Emancipation of the Roman Catholics of Ireland, advocated by Lord -Grenville. On the death of Mr. Pitt in 1806, the King sent for Lord -Hawkesbury to form a new Ministry, an offer which he deemed it advisable -to decline, accepting, however, the office of Warden of the Cinque -Ports. He afterwards resumed his old post as Home Secretary, and, his -father dying in 1808, he succeeded to the Earldom of Liverpool. He -warmly advocated the cause of Spain, and was selected to move the thanks -of the House of Lords to Lord Wellington for his gallantry in the -Peninsula. After the assassination of Mr. Perceval in 1812, Lord -Liverpool was prevailed upon, after frequent refusals, to accept the -office of Prime Minister, and during his long administration, which -lasted from 1812 to 1827, many of the questions of the deepest -importance connected with home and foreign politics were brought under -the notice of the Government. Lord Liverpool never slackened in his -attention to public affairs, whatever difference of opinion may have -existed then, or subsequently as to the liberality of his opinions. The -last occasion on which Lord Liverpool was seen at his post was on the -15th of February 1827, when he moved an address expressing the -willingness of the House to make an additional provision for the Duke -and Duchess of Clarence. On the next day, after rising apparently in -good health, and reading his morning letters, he was found by his -servant stretched lifeless on the floor, and when the three most eminent -physicians of the day were called in, it was ascertained that Lord -Liverpool was suffering from an attack of an apoplectic and paralytic -nature. As soon as prudence allowed, he was removed to his house at -Combe Wood, where he gradually declined, both in mental and bodily -power, and expired, in the presence of his wife, and his brother and -successor, the Honourable Charles Cecil Jenkinson, on the 4th of -December 1828. - -Lord Liverpool was twice married: first, to Lady Louisa Hervey, third -daughter of the Bishop of Derry, fourth Earl of Bristol, who died in -1821; and secondly, to Mary, daughter of Charles Chester, Esq., formerly -Bagot, brother of the first Lord Bagot. He had no children by either -marriage. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE THE FIRST: EMPEROR OF FRANCE. - - _Dark green uniform._ - - BY DAVID. - - - ------- - - - No. 7. GEORGE AUGUSTUS FREDERICK HENRY, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Blue coat. White waistcoat. Cloak._ - - BORN 1789, DIED 1865. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the eldest son of the first Earl of Bradford by the Hon. Lucy -Byng. He married, first, Georgina, only daughter of Sir Thomas -Moncreiffe, Bart., by whom he had several children; and secondly, Helen, -widow of Sir David Moncreiffe, Bart., and daughter of Æneas Mackay, -Esq., who died at Cannes in 1869. - - - ------- - - - No. 8. ANNE BOLEYN, SECOND WIFE OF KING HENRY THE EIGHTH. - - _Large cap. Gown cut square._ - - EXECUTED 1536. - - -THIS is a crayon sketch by Holbein, with a memorandum in his own -handwriting. - - - ------- - - - No. 9. ORLANDO, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - BORN 1762, DIED 1825. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the second Baron Bradford, and promoted to the Earldom in 1815. -He married, in 1788, the Hon. Lucy Byng, daughter of George, fourth -Viscount Torrington. - - - ------- - - - No. 10. QUEEN VICTORIA. - - A SKETCH BY THOMAS. - - EXECUTED FOR ORLANDO, LORD BRADFORD, WHEN LORD CHAMBERLAIN, BY HER - MAJESTY’S PERMISSION. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. GEORGE THE SECOND, KING OF ENGLAND. - - _Red coat. Ribbon of the Garter._ - - BORN 1683, CROWNED KING OF ENGLAND 1727, DIED 1760. - - BY PINE. - - - ------- - - - No. 13. EDWARD STANLEY, FOURTEENTH EARL OF DERBY, K.G. - - _Black frock-coat. White waistcoat. Right hand on a table. Left holds - the string of eye-glass._ - - BORN 1799, DIED 1869. - - BY SIR FRANCIS GRANT, P.R.A. - - -HE was the eldest son of Edward, Lord Stanley, afterwards thirteenth -Earl of Derby by Charlotte, second daughter of the Rev. Geoffrey Hornby. - -The subject of this notice was educated at Eton and Christ Church, -Oxford, where in 1819 he gained the Chancellor’s prize for Latin verse -for his poem of _Syracuse_. In 1821 he entered the House of Commons as -member for Stockbridge, and sat subsequently for Preston, Windsor, and -North Lancashire. He was Under-Secretary for the Colonies from 1830 to -1833, Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1833 to 1834, and again -from 1841 to 1845. In 1844 he was summoned to the House of Lords in his -father’s barony of Stanley, and in 1859 was made a K.G. He was First -Lord of the Treasury in 1852, 1858, and 1866. He was a strenuous opposer -of Free-trade and the Repeal of the Corn Laws, and his name is -invariably connected with ‘Protection.’ Lord Derby was remarkable as a -statesman, a scholar, a wit, and an orator. In the latter capacity his -enthusiasm and eloquence gained him the sobriquet of ‘the Rupert of -Debate.’ In society his brilliant conversation, keen sense of humour, -and genial disposition, made him a favourite with men and women of all -classes and opinions, and his death was as much deplored in private as -in political circles. - -He married, in 1825, Emma Caroline, second daughter of Edward, first -Lord Skelmersdale, who survived him, and by whom he had two sons and a -daughter. - -This little picture is the original design of Sir F. Grant for a large -portrait of Lord Derby, which was painted for the family, and he -afterwards finished it with great care, and gave it to Lord Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 15. HENRY GRESWOLD LEWIS, ESQ. OF MALVERN HALL. - - DIED 1819. - - BY CONSTABLE. - - -HE married the Honourable Charlotte Bridgeman, daughter of Henry, Lord -Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 16. THE HONOURABLE AND REVEREND GEORGE BRIDGEMAN. - - _Black coat._ - - BORN 1765, DIED 1832. - - BY CONSTABLE. - - -HE was the youngest son of Henry, first Lord Bradford, by the daughter -and heir of the Rev. John Simpson. He entered the Church, and held -successively the family livings of Weston, and Wigan (in Lancashire), -where he died. - -In 1792 he married Lady Lucy Boyle, only daughter of Edmund, seventh -Earl of Cork and Orrery, by whom he had two daughters and one son. Lady -Lucy died in 1801, and in 1809 the widower married Charlotte Louisa, -daughter of William Poyntz, Esq. of Midgham, Berks, who was first cousin -to his first wife. This lady had no children, and she died in 1840, at -Hampton Court. Mr. Bridgeman was a most amiable man and a most genial -companion. He was beloved in his own family, and among a large circle of -friends, by the servants of his household, the poor in his parish, by -children, horses, and dogs. Indeed, the influence he exercised over -animals was wonderful. In his latter days he possessed a beautiful -thoroughbred chestnut mare, hot-tempered and violent by nature, who let -no opportunity slip of taking the bit between her teeth. The grooms, -until they became ‘up to her wicked ways,’ fought shy of riding her, and -the writer’s sister, a splendid and fearless horsewoman, was very much -mortified one day at finding she could not hold ‘uncle George’s’ mare. -Yet the moment Mr. Bridgeman, then old and infirm, got into the saddle, -the generous beast became as quiet as a lamb, and her master would often -lay the reins on her beautiful neck, to show the perfect understanding -that subsisted between them. Added to an earnest and by no means morose -piety, the good pastor possessed a vein of genial humour, and a genuine -love of fun, which was doubtless one of the qualities that endeared him -to the younger part of the community, and an anecdote is told of him -which is highly characteristic. One evening, dining alone at a club in -London, where he was little known, it was impossible to avoid -overhearing the conversation at a neighbouring table, which, strangely -enough, turned on his own son, an officer of the Guards. The diners -spoke of the pecuniary difficulties into which he had lately been -plunged, and while they confessed his extravagance, they sang his -praises—at least he was not selfish, at least he spent his money on -others, etc. etc.; no doubt about it, Bridgeman was a capital fellow, -the best fellow in the world, and many were the jolly parties they had -had at his expense. Now this was a sore subject at that moment to the -Rector of Wigan, but his sense of the ludicrous triumphed over every -other feeling, and, rising quietly, he advanced towards the astonished -group at the other table. ‘Gentlemen,’ he said, ‘I am very grateful for -the handsome terms in which you have spoken of my son, but will you -allow me to remark that it is I who am the best fellow in the world, -since it is I who have paid for all those dinners and suppers, which I -am delighted to think you have so much enjoyed.’ - - - ------- - - - No. 17. THE HONOURABLE JOHN BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON. - - _Brown coat. White waistcoat._ - - BORN 1763, DIED 1850. - - AFTER HOPPNER. _The Original is at Babworth._ - - -HE was the second son of Henry Bridgeman, first Baron Bradford, of -Weston under Lizard, by the daughter and heir of the Rev. John Simpson -of Babworth, County Notts. In 1784 he married Henrietta Frances, -daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Worsley, Bart., by whom (who died in -1791) he had, besides two children who died young, a daughter who became -heir to her uncle, Sir Richard Worsley, and married the Honourable -Charles Pelham, afterwards Lord Yarborough. John Bridgeman assumed the -maternal arms and name of Simpson in 1785, and eventually inherited the -property of that family. In 1793 he married, as his second wife, Grace, -daughter of Samuel Estwicke, Esq., by whom he had a very numerous -family. - - - ------- - - - No. 18. SIR GEORGE GUNNING, BART. - - _Dark coat._ - - BORN 1783, DIED 1823. - - BY CONSTABLE. - - -HE was the eldest son of Sir Robert Gunning, Bart., K.B., of Horton, -County North Hants, by Anne, only daughter of Robert Sutton, Esq. of -Scofton, County Notts. Sir Robert had resided some time at the Courts of -Berlin and St. Petersburg, as Minister Plenipotentiary, and was created -a Baronet for his diplomatic services. His son and successor, George, -married the daughter of Henry Bridgeman, first Lord Bradford, in 1794. -Sir George represented the boroughs of Wigan, Hastings, and East -Grinstead, at different periods in Parliament. - - - ------- - - - No. 19. SIR WILLIAM LOWTHER, BART. - - _Brown coat. White waistcoat. Right hand holding a fold of the coat. - White frill._ - - DIED 1763 (?). - - BY SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS. - - -HE was the son of Sir Thomas Lowther of Holker Hall, by Lady Elizabeth -Cavendish (called in the family Lady Betty), daughter of the second Duke -of Devonshire. - -A note in Sir Joshua Reynolds’ handwriting says that he made three -copies of the portrait of Sir William Lowther: one for Major Kynaston, -one for Mr. Bridgeman, and one for Lord Frederick Cavendish, Lady -Elizabeth’s nephew, in 1758. He died unmarried, and left all the Holker -property to Lord George Cavendish, on whose death in 1794 the estates -devolved on the Duke of Devonshire, and are now in possession of the -present Duke (1888). Sir William Lowther was a man of refined taste, had -travelled much in Italy, and made an excellent collection of pictures, -respecting the purchase of which he gives some amusing details in -letters which are still extant at Holker. - - - ------- - - - No. 20. VICE-ADMIRAL LORD HUGH SEYMOUR. - - _Naval uniform._ - - BORN 1759, DIED 1801. - - BY HOPPNER. - - -HE was the fifth son of Francis, Earl, afterwards Marquis, of Hertford, -by a daughter of the Duke of Grafton. He entered the Royal Navy while -yet a boy, and justified his parents’ choice of a profession for him, -never losing an opportunity of distinguishing himself in the service he -loved. His first cruise was on board the _Pallas_, Captain the -Honourable Leveson Gower. - -In 1785 he married Lady Horatia Waldegrave, daughter of James, second -Earl Waldegrave, with whose beautiful features we are well acquainted in -Sir Joshua Reynolds’ world-famed picture of ‘The Three Sisters,’ so long -the glory of Strawberry Hill. The union was very happy, only marred by -the separations which Lord Hugh’s profession entailed; they had a family -of five sons and three daughters. Seymour gained post-rank early, and in -1794 did good service in command of the _Leviathan_, on the glorious 1st -of June (Lord Howe’s victory), when he was promoted to a colonelcy of -marines. Next year he attained flag-rank, and commanded the _Spaniel_, -under Lord Bridport, in that Admiral’s encounter with the French fleet -off the island of St. Croix. From 1795 to 1798 Lord Hugh had a seat at -the Board of Admiralty, after which he was appointed Commander-in-Chief -of the Leeward Islands, during which time the colony of Surinam -surrendered to the English combined naval and military forces under -Admiral Lord Hugh Seymour and General Trigge. The Admiral’s eldest son, -afterwards Admiral Sir George Seymour, whose son succeeded to the -Marquisate of Hertford, was on board his father’s ship, but was -invalided home in 1801, and on his arrival in England sad news awaited -him. His beloved mother was no more; while a fast sailing ship brought -the fatal tidings that a few days after his own departure, Lord Hugh had -died of yellow fever. Yet another blow was in store for the poor young -sailor, enfeebled by illness, and nearly overwhelmed by this -accumulation of sorrow, in the loss of his favourite little brother, -William, the pet of the family. The tenderest care and most consummate -skill were needed to snatch George Seymour from the jaws of death. But -he lived to be an honour to his profession, and a blessing to his family -and friends. He inherited his mother’s beauty, as those who remember him -can testify. His countenance was noble, his eyes large and brilliant, -while even the wide gash of a sabre cut, received in action, across the -lips, was powerless to mar the rare sweetness of his smile. - - - ------- - - - No. 21. HENRY, FIRST LORD BRADFORD. - - _Peer’s Parliamentary robes. White hair._ - - DIED 1800. - - BY ROMNEY (?). - -[See page 188.] - - - ------- - - - No. 22. GEORGE BRIDGEMAN, ESQ. - - _Uniform Grenadier Guards. Scarlet cloak._ - - BORN 1727, DIED 1767. - - BY SIR JOSHUA REYNOLDS. - - -HE was the third son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, by Lady Ann Newport, -daughter and heiress of the second Earl of Bradford. He died unmarried -at Lisbon. - - - ------- - - - No. 23. CAPTAIN JOHN WILLETT PAYNE, R.N., AFTERWARDS VICE-ADMIRAL. - - _Naval uniform._ - - BORN 1752, DIED 1803. - - BY HOPPNER. - - -HE entered the Royal Navy in 1769, on board the _Quebec_, thirty-two -guns, Captain Lord Ducie; then served in the _Eagle_, sixty-four guns, -bearing the flag of Earl Howe, during the American war, whence he was -made Lieutenant, and afterwards promoted to post-rank, July 1780. - -Captain Payne distinguished himself on several occasions, especially in -an engagement in the West Indies, in 1783, with the _Pluto_, a ship of -very superior force. He was in command of the _Russell_, in Lord Howe’s -memorable victory, the glorious 1st of June 1794. In 1799 he became -Rear-Admiral of the _Red_, and the following year succeeded Lord -Bridport as Treasurer of Greenwich Hospital. He brought over Caroline of -Brunswick, Princess of Wales, on board the _Jupiter_. Jack Payne, as he -was called in society, was a great favourite and constant companion of -the Prince of Wales, who appointed him Comptroller of his Household, in -which capacity he made himself extremely popular by his courtesy, -geniality, and genuine kindness. At the time of his death he had also -the command (being then Vice-Admiral) of the coasts of Devonshire and -Cornwall, and Lord Warden of the Stannaries. - -He died at Greenwich, whence he was followed to the grave by an -interminable procession of carriages, many of which contained friends -and acquaintances, for Admiral Payne was a most popular member of -society. He was buried in St. Margaret’s, Westminster. - - - ------- - - - No. 24. THE HONOURABLE ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD EARL OF - BRADFORD. - - _When a child. In a red frock. Sitting on the lawn._ - - BORN 1819. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER, R.A. - - -HE is the eldest son of the second Earl of Bradford (of the Bridgeman -family), by Georgina, the only daughter of Sir Thomas Moncreiffe, Bart. -Educated at Harrow School and at Trinity College, Cambridge; was M.P. -for Shropshire, from 1842 until he succeeded to the Earldom in 1865; was -Vice-Chamberlain of the Royal Household from February till December -1852, and from February 1858 till June 1859; Lord Chamberlain from 1866 -till December 1868; and Master of the Horse to the Queen from 1874 till -May 1880; and again from June 1885 till Feb. 1886. He is -Deputy-Lieutenant of Staffordshire, and Deputy-Lieutenant of -Warwickshire; Captain of the Salopian Yeomanry, 1844, and -Lieutenant-Colonel of 1st Battalion of Shropshire Volunteers; also -Lord-Lieutenant and _Custos Rotulorum_ of Shropshire since 1875. - -In 1844 he married the Honourable Selina Forester, youngest daughter of -the first Lord Forester, by Lady Katherine Manners, second daughter of -the fourth Duke of Rutland. - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - DINING-ROOM. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - DINING-ROOM. - - - ------- - - -No. 1. MARGARET HOWARD, COUNTESS OF CARLISLE, AND HER NIECE, LADY DIANA - RUSSELL. - - _Reddish brown gown. Resting her hand on a table. Little girl in a white - frock leaning against her aunt’s knee._ - - BORN 1618. DIED 1664. - - BY STONE AFTER VANDYCK. - - -SHE was the third daughter of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, by -Catherine Brydges. She married at a very early age James Hay, afterwards -second Earl of Carlisle, of that family. Margaret’s father-in-law was -often connected with her own father in the political events of the reign -of Charles the First. After the death of her husband in 1660, she -married her second lord, Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, second Earl of -Holland; and lastly, Edward Montagu, Earl of Manchester, of whom -Clarendon speaks in terms of high eulogium. The little girl in the -picture is Lady Diana Russell, afterwards Lady Allington. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. THOMAS, EARL OF ARUNDEL AND SURREY. - - _In armour. With a boy beside him._ - - BORN 1592. DIED 1646. - - BY VANDYCK. - - -RESPECTING this picture there has been more than one controversy, and it -has been not only erroneously named in a catalogue of a gallery at -Madrid, but copied, doubtless from thence, into the edition of -engravings of Vandyck’s portraits in the British Museum. It has been -miscalled Don Alonzo Perez de Guzman el Bueno and his son. The late Lord -Bradford, when in Madrid, saw a replica of the picture in his -possession, and made a note to the effect that the portrait could not be -that of the Spanish nobleman in question, according to the date of -Vandyck’s death. His lordship identified it as that of Thomas, Earl of -Arundel and Surrey, and his grandson. - -Thomas was the only son of Philip, Earl of Arundel (who died a prisoner -in the Tower), by Anne, sister and co-heir of Thomas, Lord Dacre of -Gillesland. He was deprived, by his father’s attainder, of the honours -and greater part of the estates of his family, and had only the title of -Lord Maltravers by courtesy during Queen Elizabeth’s reign, but was -restored by Act of Parliament in the first year of James the First -(1603) to all the titles and estates which his father had enjoyed before -his attainder, as also to the Earldom of Surrey, and to such dignity of -baronies as his grandfather, the Duke of Norfolk, had also forfeited. He -was, moreover, created Earl Marshal in 1621, and Earl of Norfolk in -1644; he married Lady Alatheia Talbot, daughter, and eventually sole -heir, of Gilbert, seventh Earl of Shrewsbury, and was succeeded by his -second son, Henry Frederick. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. DOROTHY, COUNTESS OF SUNDERLAND. - - _Crimson dress. Pearl ornaments. Pillar in the background._ - - BORN 1620, DIED 1683-4. - - BY VANDYCK. - - -IT has been well said of this beautiful and exemplary woman, that she is -even (like the old Italian masters of painting) better known to -posterity by her sobriquet than her name, for there were more than one -Lady Sunderland, but only one ‘Saccharissa.’ The poet, therefore, may -lay better claim to the title of godfather than the sponsors who held -the infant Dorothy at the font. She was the eldest of the eight -daughters of Robert Sidney, Earl of Leicester, of that name, by Dorothy, -daughter of Henry Percy, ninth Earl of Northumberland. Lord and Lady -Leicester bore a high character for ‘integrity and refinement of -breeding at the Court of Charles the First, while in private life they -shone a bright example of domestic harmony.’ Lady Leicester was a -provident as well as a tender mother, and she entertained early projects -in the matter of an advantageous marriage for her daughter, while -Dorothy was still very young. At sixteen the girl was renowned for her -beauty, and already surrounded by suitors. There appears to have been a -talk at Court of the probability of a match with my Lord Russell, the -heir of the house of Bedford; and Lady Leicester writes from the country -to her lord at Court, in 1635: - - ‘It would rejoice me much to receave some hope of that lord’s - addresses to Doll, that you writt of to me, for next to what - consarns you, I confess she is considered by me above any thing - of this world.’ - -This marriage, however, was not to be, and there was shortly after a -talk of the Earl of Devonshire, which, by Lady Leicester’s -correspondence, appears to have had some let or hindrance, through the -interference of meddling interferers; beside, she considered his mother -and sister were ‘full of decaite and jugling,’ professing to desire the -union. The next aspirant to the fair hand of the beautiful daughter of -Penshurst was no other than the celebrated Lord Lovelace, of whom her -mother thus writes: ‘I find my Lord Lovelace so uncertaine and so idle, -so much addicted to mean companie, and easily drawn to debaucherie, it -is now my studie to brake off with him. Many particulars I could tell -you of his wildnesse, but the knowledge of them would be of no use to -you, as he is likely to be a stranger to us. For tho’ his estate is -goode, his person pretie enowfe, his witte much more than ordinarie, yet -dare I not venture to give Doll to him.’ Lady Leicester concludes her -letter to her husband by saying, ‘My deere hart, let not these cross -accidents trouble you, for we do not know what God has provided for -her.’ - -The poet Waller now came forward and laid himself at the feet of the -high-born beauty; he had been left a widower when quite young, and had -gifts of nature and fortune to recommend him, but Dorothy’s parents -looked for noble birth in a suitor for their daughter’s hand, and it is -to be feared the poor poet was dismissed with some disdain. He was not -inconsolable, however; he sought solace from his Muse, and, better -still, in his union shortly afterwards with a willing bride. - -A marriage was at length concluded ‘for dear Doll,’ which was calculated -to satisfy the best expectations of her parents, and to ensure her own -happiness. - -Henry, Lord Spencer of Wormleighton, the first-born son of the second -lord, by Penelope, daughter of Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, -was born at Althorp, his father’s country house, in 1620. To that -father’s titles and large estates the young man succeeded in 1636, and -in 1639 he was married at Penshurst, Lord Leicester’s beautiful home in -Kent, to that nobleman’s eldest and most beloved daughter, Lady Dorothy -Sidney. Lord Leicester was at the time Ambassador to the Court of -France, and immediately after the marriage the happy young couple -hurried off to join the bride’s father in Paris, where they remained for -two years, that is to say, until Lord Leicester’s diplomatic mission was -at an end. On their return, Lord Spencer took his seat in the House of -Lords, and soon made himself an object of esteem and commendation by his -talents and general good conduct. These qualities, added to his high -position and large property, naturally made him an object worth -contending for by the two adverse parties that were now beginning to -convulse England. Lord Spencer had liberal views in the literal -acceptation of the word, and stoutly opposed many measures which he -considered arbitrary that emanated from the Throne; and the Parliament, -which was now beginning to assume the executive, had great hopes of the -young lord, and believed that they had bound him to their side when he -accepted the Lord-Lieutenancy of his native county which they offered -him. But Lord Spencer came of a loyal stock, and there is little doubt -he cherished the hope of mediating between the King and his Parliament, -in which expectation he had many sharers amongst the nobility and gentry -of the land. He strove all he could to be a ‘daysman’ between the two -factions, but finding that his admonitions to the Parliament when they -broke out into open rebellion were of no avail, he proclaimed himself -stoutly for the King; and in the early and blissful days of his married -life he tore himself from the embrace of his beautiful wife and the calm -happiness of his ancestral home, to mix in the noise, turmoil, and -danger of a camp, in company with his kinsman and countyman, the gallant -Spencer Compton, Earl of Northampton, who was destined to fall at Hopton -Heath. Lord Spencer joined the King at York, and when the royal standard -was unfurled at Nottingham, he took the field as a volunteer. In his -constant letters to his ‘dearest harte,’ he gives a melancholy picture -of the perplexed and unsatisfactory state of affairs in the royal army. -He says: ‘The discontent that I and other honest men receive dayly is -beyond expression,’ and he declares ‘that were it not for the punctilio -of honour’ he would not ‘remaine an howre.’ - -Lord Spencer was with the King at Edgehill, and with Prince Rupert at -Bristol, etc. etc., and in 1643 he was raised to the dignity of Earl of -Sunderland. He writes a long and most loving letter to his sweetest Doll -from before Gloucester, and thanks her for her letters, ‘writing to you -and hearing from you being the most pleasant entertainment I am capable -of receiving in anie place, but especially here, where, but when I am in -the trenches (which are seldom without my company), I am more solitarie -than ever I was in mie life.’ In another letter written from Oxford in -September 1643, he thus speaks of his little daughter: ‘Pray bless Popet -for me, and tell her I would have writt to her, but on deliberation I -deem it uncivil to return an answer to a ladie in anie other characters -but her own, and that I am not learned enough to do.’ Alas! the brave -soldier was never more destined to enjoy his wife’s dear company, or -clasp his sweet Popet to his heart. Four days after that letter was -penned, the writer was struck down by a cannon ball on the field of -Newbury, in company with his friend and brother in arms, ‘the -incomparable Falkland,’ and many other brave and loyal spirits. For -twelve months Lord Sunderland had fought beside the King, as a -volunteer, for he never would accept a commission. There is a most -touching letter extant from Lord Leicester to his widowed daughter, -which our limited space alone prevents our inserting here. The fair -hopes contained in her old admirer Waller’s letter, written at the time -of her marriage, to her sister, Lady Lucy Sidney, were far from being -fulfilled. After wishing the couple every happiness, he says, ‘May her -lord not mourn her long, but go hand in hand with her to that place -where is neither marrying nor giving in marriage, but being divorced, we -may all have an equal interest in her.’ There spoke the disappointed and -jealous lover. Lady Sunderland was with child of a daughter at the -period of her lord’s untimely death, who scarcely survived its birth. -She retired to her husband’s estate in Northamptonshire, where she made -herself generally beloved. ‘She is not to be mentioned,’ says Lloyd in -his Memoirs of the Loyalists, ‘without the highest honour, in the -catalogue of sufferers, to so many of whom her house was a sanctuary, -her interest a protection, her estate a maintenance.’ Influenced, it is -said, by her father’s wishes, she contracted a second marriage in 1652 -to Sir Robert Smythe, of the family of the Lords Strangford, a gentleman -of Kent, but was again left a widow; she survived Sir Robert some time, -and, we are told, she continued to see her old flame Waller, to whom she -one day put the dangerous question—‘Pray, Master Waller, when will you -write such pretty verses to me again?’ Was it the sting of old -mortification which prompted the cruel answer, ‘When your ladyship is -young and beautiful again’? By her first husband Lady Sunderland had two -children, Robert, the second Earl,—the Minister of whom the anecdote is -told that when Addison intrusted Edmund Smith with the task of writing a -history of the Revolution of 1688, the proposed author asked the -staggering question, ‘What shall I do with the character of Lord -Sunderland?’ and a daughter, Dorothy, who married Sir George Saville, -afterwards Marquis of Halifax. By her second husband she had an only -child, Robert, Governor of Dover Castle. Lady Sunderland lies buried by -the side of her dearly loved Henry in a beautiful monument, in the -Spencer chapel, in the church of Brington, hard by Althorp House, and in -that house her name is still a household word; and Saccharissa’s bed, -the curtains of which, having her embroidered monogram of S twisting -round columns, may still be seen in one of the principal guest-chambers. - - - ------- - - - No. 7. CHARLES THE FIRST, KING OF ENGLAND. - - _Front face and two profiles._ - - BORN 1600, SUCCEEDED 1625, EXECUTED 1649. - - BY CARLO MARATTI AFTER VANDYCK. - - -THE second son of James the First, by Anne of Denmark. Married Henrietta -Maria of France. Dethroned and beheaded by his subjects. The original of -this picture by Vandyck, now at Windsor Castle, was sent to Rome to -Bernini, in order that he might make a bust from the same; Carlo Maratti -copied the picture while in the sculptor’s studio. On first beholding -the beautiful and noble head, the sculptor is said to have exclaimed, -‘That is the portrait of one who is born to misfortune.’ - - - ------- - - - No. 12. VENETIAN COURTESAN. - - BY TITIAN. - - - ------- - - - No. 14. EDWARD SEYMOUR, FIRST DUKE OF SOMERSET, THE PROTECTOR. - - _Tight-fitting vest. Black hat._ - - EXECUTED 1552. - - BY HOLBEIN. - - -THE second but eldest surviving son of Sir John Seymour, of Wulfhall, -County Wilts, by Margaret, daughter of Sir John Wentworth of Nettlested, -County Suffolk. He was educated at Oxford and Cambridge, and joining his -father, who was in high favour at Court, entered the army, distinguished -himself in France, and was knighted for his services in 1525. On his -return to England he was appointed Esquire to the King, and was one of -the challengers in the tilt-yard at Greenwich, when Henry the Eighth -kept his Christmas there. - -On the King’s marriage with his sister, Jane Seymour, Edward was created -Viscount Beauchamp, and in 1537 Earl of Hertford. He was then sent to -France on a mission, and was created Knight Companion of the Garter, at -Hampton Court, on his return. From this time his life became most -eventful. He proceeded twice to Scotland, high in command, and again to -France, where he was instrumental in concluding a peace with that -country. Honours and distinctions too many to enumerate were heaped on -the King’s brother-in-law, even after the death of poor Queen Jane. He -was one of the many executors of Henry the Eighth, by whose will he was -appointed guardian to the young King, and so prompt were his measures -and so successful his ambitious and self-seeking policy that when the -nephew was proclaimed King in London, the uncle was appointed Protector -of the realm. He already bore the titles of Earl and Viscount, and -Edward the Sixth, not content with adding the title of Baron, bestowed a -ducal coronet upon him, in order that the name of that family, ‘from -which our most beloved mother Jane, late Queen of England, drew her -beginning, might not be clouded by any higher title or colour of -dignity.’ Thus ran the words of the patent. When the Duke of Norfolk was -attainted, the Protector was made Earl Marshal for life. His power now -became almost absolute, and the boy King, delighted to do his uncle -honour, elected that he should sit on the right hand of the throne. -Indeed Somerset was now king in all but name, and his enemies, of whom -there were many, accused him of aspiring to the Crown in good earnest. -It was alleged against him that he used the royal pronoun ‘we,’ and -signed himself ‘Protector by the grace of God.’ But the life of -Protector Somerset belongs to the chronicles of the history of England. -Numerous factions rose up against him, at the head of which were the -Earl of Warwick, his sworn enemy, and his own ungrateful brother, -Thomas, Lord Seymour of Sudley. Many charges were brought against him; -he was deprived of all his high offices, and imprisoned in the Tower. -The young King, who loved him dearly, had little power to befriend his -uncle, whose estates were forfeited, and he was treated with insult and -contumely. The Earl of Warwick was bent on his destruction. Arraigned of -high treason at Westminster Hall, he demanded a trial of his peers, was -acquitted of the principal charge, but found guilty of felony, and after -several months’ imprisonment, in spite of every attempt on King Edward’s -part, Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, was condemned to die on the -scaffold. On reaching the platform, he kneeled in prayer, and afterwards -addressed the people, with the majority of whom he was a great -favourite, in calm and measured terms, declaring his innocence, his -loyalty to the King, and his love of his native country. A tumult took -place among the people, and a horseman appearing suddenly in the crowd, -a cry was raised of ‘A pardon! a pardon!’ But all the time his -arch-enemy, Lord Warwick (or rather Northumberland, as he then was), -stood by untouched, shaking his cap and making signs to the people to be -quiet. We have not space to make extracts from a dying speech, which for -manliness, forbearance, and piety could scarcely be surpassed. The Duke, -unbuckling his sword, presented it to the Lieutenant of the Tower, gave -the executioner money, bade all near him farewell, and then kneeling -down, arranged his collar and covered his face, which showed ‘no signs -of trouble,’ with his handkerchief. Laying his head upon the block, he -called out thrice ‘Lord Jesu, save me,’ and then received the -death-stroke. - -Edward, first Duke of Somerset, was twice married. First, to Catherine, -daughter and co-heir of Sir William Fillol, of Woodlands, County Dorset, -respecting whom there exists a mystery and rumours of misconduct. -Certain it is that her son was disinherited. There seems little doubt, -at all events, that the Duke’s second wife, the daughter of Sir Edward -Stanhope, of Bampton, County Dorset, an ambitious and violent woman, -worked on her husband’s mind, to the detriment of her predecessor’s -children, in spite of which the coveted titles devolved after some -generations on Catherine Fillol’s descendants, ancestors in direct line -to the present Duke of Somerset. - - - ------- - - - No. 16. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN. - - BY LUCAS CRANACH. - - - ------- - - - No. 18. PORTRAIT OF A LADY WITH A MONKEY. - - BY PARIS BORDONE (?). - - - ------- - - - No. 22. PORTRAIT OF A CHILD. - - BY PAUL VERONESE. - - - ------- - - - No. 23. ANTHONY VANDYCK - - _As Paris._ - - BORN 1599, DIED 1641. - - AFTER VANDYCK. - - -THE eldest son of a merchant in Antwerp (himself a painter in glass), by -one Maria Cuypero. Little Anthony’s mother was a skilful artist in -embroidery, and encouraged her boy’s taste for drawing, in the rudiments -of which he received instruction from his father. When only ten years of -age he became the pupil of Hendrik van Balen, a much-esteemed painter, -who had studied in Italy; but young Vandyck had set his heart on -entering the studio of his famous fellow-citizen, Peter Paul Rubens, and -that desire was fulfilled. His remarkable talent and untiring industry -made him a favourite both of master and scholars, when an incident -happened which brought him into prominent notice. It chanced one -afternoon, when Rubens was absent, that the scholars invaded the -sanctity of the private studio, and, in the exuberance of animal -spirits, indulged in what in modern parlance is called ‘bear-fighting.’ -An unfinished Holy Family stood on an easel, the colours not yet dry, -and, in the course of the rough play, one of his companions pushed Van -Diepenbeke so heavily against the precious canvas that the arm of the -Magdalen and the head of the Virgin were nearly effaced, and all the -colours smudged. The general consternation may easily be conceived. A -council was held, and a general decision arrived at that the most -skilful among the students should endeavour to repair the mischief. -Unanimous choice fell on Vandyck, who began to work in right earnest, -for there was not a moment to lose. There were but a few hours of -daylight left him, but he accomplished his task before nightfall. Early -next morning the dreaded moment arrived. Rubens entered his studio in -order to examine the work of the preceding evening, when he pronounced -the memorable words which seemed to bestow a diploma on his young -disciple: ‘Why, this looks better than it did yesterday!’ Then, -approaching nearer, he detected the traces of a strange hand. -Investigation and explanation followed, and Vandyck came in for great -praise from the lips of his beloved master. Rubens was most desirous -that his talented pupil should proceed to Italy to study the works of -the great masters, but in the meantime the young man had received an -invitation to England. The first visit he paid to our country was short -and unsatisfactory, and there are so many discrepancies in the accounts -of the work he did at that period and his reasons for leaving England -somewhat abruptly, that we refrain from entering further on the subject. -From England Vandyck proceeded to the Hague, where he painted portraits -of every class and denomination of person, commencing with the Court and -family of the Stadtholder, Henry Frederick. Nobles, warriors, statesmen, -burghers, all vied for the honour of sitting to him. The news of his -father’s illness recalled him to Antwerp. He arrived just in time to -receive that father’s blessing, and listen to his last injunctions, -which included an order to paint an altar for the Chapel of the -Dominican Sisters, who had nursed him tenderly in his illness. After -many delays from various causes Vandyck arrived in Venice, where he -studied Titian and Veronese, and afterwards proceeded to Genoa, where he -became the favourite of the proudest nobles of that proud city, and -adorned almost every palace therein with splendid portraits. At Rome he -remained some years; the first order he received being that of the -world-renowned portrait of Cardinal Bentivoglio, which attracted a crowd -of sitters to his studio, including all the nobility of the city and -most of the foreign visitors. He then made his way to Florence and most -of the northern cities of Italy, with a flying visit to Sicily, whence -he was driven by the outbreak of the plague. He returned to Antwerp, -where he at first shared the proverbial fate of the prophet in his own -country, and met with much ill-will and small patronage, until his old -friend Rubens came to his rescue by buying every completed picture in -his late scholar’s studio, and recommending and befriending him on every -occasion. Shortly afterwards Rubens departed from Antwerp on a -diplomatic mission, and he left Vandyck undisputed master of the field. -His hands were now full; he received endless commissions both in -portraits and sacred subjects. He afterwards went to Paris, and paid two -visits to England; the second time he was received at Court with every -mark of distinction. Charles the First treated the noble Fleming as a -personal friend, taking the greatest delight in his society. He became -the centre of attraction, and the cynosure of all eyes. Pre-eminently -handsome, brilliant in conversation, a good linguist, an enlightened -traveller—even without the crowning quality of his splendid talent, the -painter became a shining light in the refined and aristocratic circles -of the English capital. The King bestowed the honour of knighthood on -him, and presented him with a valuable miniature of himself set in -diamonds. Both their Majesties sat constantly for their portraits, and -it is needless to observe that every country house in England is -enriched by treasures from the brush of Vandyck. The King and the Duke -of Buckingham were busy in arranging a suitable match for their friend -and favourite. The lady selected was Mary Ruthven, a member of the -Queen’s household, and grand-daughter of the unfortunate Earl Gowrie, -much esteemed for her goodness and beauty, who visited Antwerp with her -husband shortly after their marriage, where they were received with -every mark of respect and distinction. After this they went to Paris, -where Vandyck met with disappointment, and fell into bad health, and on -his return to England he found that country in a state of confusion and -political strife, his royal and private friends involved in trouble and -perplexity, the King and Queen both absent from London, and the -Parliament in arms against the Crown. Sir Anthony’s health declined, -both physically and morally. He gave himself up to the pursuit of -alchemy, and would stand for hours over a hot fire in the vain hope of -obtaining the philosopher’s stone; He grew haggard and wrinkled while -still in the prime of life. The King, returning to London, and hearing -of his friend’s illness, sent his own physician, but all human aid was -unavailing. A severe attack of gout, combined with other maladies, -proved fatal, and on the 9th of December 1641, the man who by many has -been considered the chief of the world’s portrait painters breathed his -last. Followed by a large retinue of friends, he was buried in St. -Paul’s Cathedral, leaving a most exemplary will, in which wife, child, -sister, servants, were all remembered, as also the poor in two parishes. -He left an only daughter, Justiniana, who married Sir John Stepney of -Prendergast, Pembroke, and afterwards Martin de Carbonnell. She received -a pension from King Charles the Second. - -Lady Vandyck married a Welsh baronet, Sir Robert Pryce, as his second -wife. - - - ------- - - - No. 25. PORTRAIT OF A CHILD. - - BY PAUL VERONESE. - - - ------- - - - No. 26. SIR NICHOLAS CAREW. - - _Black and white dress._ - - BEHEADED 1539. - - BY HOLBEIN. - - -THE Carews came of an ancient family in Devonshire, but the branch to -which Sir Nicholas belonged had settled at Beddington, in Surrey, an -estate that had come into their possession by marriage. - -Nicholas was the eldest son of Sir Richard Carew, Knight-Banneret, by -Magdalen, daughter of Sir Thomas Oxenbridge, Bart., of Ford, in Sussex. -When Sir Richard died, and his son succeeded, the landed property was -very extensive, and it was said the owner might start from his own -house, and ride in any direction straight on end for ten miles at least -on his own land. When still a youth Nicholas went to Paris, where, we -are told, he became so enamoured of French manners, customs, and -fashions, that on his return to England he could speak and boast of -nothing else. Handsome, well-born, and accomplished, he soon attracted -the notice of Henry the Eighth, who welcomed him at Court, and appointed -him a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, a place which was then of much -higher standing than in later days. But Carew did not make himself -popular in the royal household. The constant comparisons which he daily -drew between the French and English Courts, to the great disparagement -of the latter, offended his colleagues in the highest degree, and were -not calculated to gratify the King. Henry resolved to give the young man -a lesson. If he were so devoted to France, to France he should go, and -that without delay. At the same time, unwilling to dismiss him without -some ostensible reason, he appointed Sir Nicholas governor of a fortress -in Picardy, which was in the hands of the English. A castle in a -provincial town did not offer the charms which Carew had found in the -splendid capital of France, and it may easily be believed the office did -not suit his taste. He doubtless petitioned the King; at all events, he -was recalled, forgiven, and taken back into favour. He now became -Henry’s almost inseparable companion, and was foremost in all the -jousts, tournaments, maskings, and all kinds of Court revelry, in which -they both excelled and delighted. Carew was, moreover, appointed Master -of the Horse, at that period one of the highest offices in the realm, -and Knight of the Garter. - -The favour of Henry the Eighth was as easily lost as won, and Fuller -tells us that a tradition in the family reported that Carew’s downfall -proceeded, in the first instance, from a quarrel between him and his -master at bowls, ‘when his Grace, who was no good fellow, and would -always rather give than take in repartee,’ so exasperated his Master of -the Horse, ‘that his answer was rather true than discreet, consulting -his own animosity rather than his allegiance, whereat the King was so -offended that Sir Nicholas fell from the top of his favour to the bottom -of his displeasure, and was bruised to death.’ ‘This’—we quote Fuller -all the time—‘was the true cause of his execution. He was charged with -high treason, as accomplice with the Marquis of Exeter, Lord Montague, -Sir Edward Neville, and others, in a plot to depose King Henry the -Eighth, and place Cardinal Pole on the throne. They were all found -guilty, and sentenced to death, with the exception of the Cardinal’s -brother, who saved his own life by betraying his confederates. The -evidence against Sir Nicholas appears to have been slight, but he was -out of favour, and everything was turned to his prejudice. He was -beheaded on Tower Hill in 1539.’ Holinshed said ‘he made a godly -confession of his fault, and his superstitious faith.’ He was a Roman -Catholic. Sir Nicholas Carew married Elizabeth, daughter and afterwards -sole heir of Sir Thomas Bryan, Master of Common Pleas, by whom he had -one son and three or four daughters. - -The son, Sir Francis Carew, never married, but having regained a -considerable portion of the estates forfeited on his father’s attainder, -during the reign of Elizabeth, he bequeathed his property to his -sister’s son, Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, on condition that he assumed -the name and arms of Carew. - - - ------- - - - No. 27. AN OLD MAN’S HEAD. - - BY VANDYCK. - - - ------- - - - No. 28. MAN’S HEAD. - - BY TINTORETTO. - - - ------- - - - No. 30. THE COUNTESS OF OXFORD. - - _Blue and white dress. Holding a nosegay. A table beside her._ - - BY VANDYCK. - - -BEATRIX VAN HEMMEND, a Dutch lady, a native of Friesland, married Robert -de Vere, nineteenth Earl of Oxford. He died in 1632, at the siege of -Maestricht, leaving an only surviving child, in whom the earldom became -extinct. - - - ------- - - - No. 33. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN. - - BY TITIAN. - - - ------- - - - No. 36. SIR KENELM DIGBY. - - _Black dress. Hand on his breast. A globe by his side._ - - BORN 1603, DIED 1665. - - BY VANDYCK. - - -SON of Sir Everard Digby, born at Gothurst or Gayhurst, County Bucks, -the property of his mother, daughter and sole heir of Sir William -Mulsho. He was but a child when his father suffered death as one of the -conspirators in the Gunpowder Plot. The Crown laid claim to the estates -and revenues of the family; but the widowed Lady Digby, a woman of great -energy and determination, not only saved her own dower by her strenuous -efforts, but rescued a few hundreds for her son out of the wreck, and, -although a rigid Roman Catholic, she suffered her boy to be educated as -a Protestant from prudential motives. The romance of the loves of Kenelm -Digby and Venetia Stanley, which made such a noise at the time, and has -been the subject of curiosity and controversy ever since, whenever their -names are mentioned, began at a very early age. Sir Edward Stanley, of -the noble house of Derby, lived at Tong Castle, County Salop. He married -the daughter and co-heir of the Earl of Northumberland, who brought him -two daughters, ‘the divine Venetia’ being the youngest. Her mother died -when she was a few months old. The widower gave himself up to grief, -shunned the world, and could not even derive comfort from the society of -his children. He sent them therefore (or at all events Venetia) to the -care of a relative, who was a neighbour of Lady Digby’s. Thus began the -acquaintance, and Sir Edward’s beautiful little girl and Lady Digby’s -lovely boy met constantly, and played at love-making, jealousy, rivalry, -coquetry, quarrels, reconciliations,—in fact a perfect rehearsal of all -the drama that was to be enacted in good earnest a few years later. The -marriage of the Princess Elizabeth with the Elector Palatine, afterwards -King of Bohemia, called Sir Edward to London. With a violent wrench he -tore himself away from his seclusion, and sending for Venetia carried -her with him to the Court of King James, then the scene of great -festivity. - -In all these gaieties, according to Digby’s account, the juvenile beauty -took part, and was the centre of admiration. In the meantime her young -lover pursued his studies under the care of Laud, Dean of Gloucester, -subsequently Archbishop of Canterbury, and afterwards with Dr. Thomas -Allen, an eminent scholar, at Oxford. - -Digby distinguished himself at the University, where he remained two -years, but whenever he returned home for the vacation, the flirtation -with his fair neighbour was resumed. He wrote a strange and wild romance -respecting her, in which it is impossible to disentangle truth from -fiction, but some of the adventures are too marvellous for belief, and -the whole narrative is disagreeable, and tedious into the bargain. - -His jealousy seems to have been excited by a certain courtier, whose -suit, he affirms, was favoured by Venetia’s governess. Lady Digby was -too wise a mother to smile on such a precocious courtship, even if she -disbelieved the reports which had already begun to circulate, -detrimental to Mistress Stanley’s reputation. - -She despatched her son on foreign travel, but before his departure the -lovers had met and plighted their troth. According to the traveller’s -own account, he made a conquest of the French Queen when in Paris _en -route_ for Italy. - -A report of his death having been accidentally or purposely circulated, -Venetia’s conduct on the occasion was differently represented to her -absent lover, some declaring she was inconsolable, others that she lent -a willing ear to the suit of the very same courtier who had before -excited Kenelm’s jealousy. - -Nothing can be more bombastic and high-flown than the language in which -he describes the fluctuations of his passion for Venetia, his implicit -trust in her constancy in one page, his doubts and suspicions in -another. - -It seems more than probable that the prudent Lady Digby intercepted her -son’s love-letters, and did all in her power to prevent a marriage she -thought most undesirable, and she was doubtless delighted when Kenelm -accompanied his kinsman, Lord Bristol, to Spain, where he was then -negotiating the Prince of Wales’s marriage with the Infanta at Madrid. -Kenelm became himself attached to the Prince’s suite, and took an active -part in diplomatic transactions. - -In this land of romance it may well be imagined that the handsome and -accomplished Englishman ran the gauntlet of many adventures among the -dark-eyed daughters of the South, nor does he omit to allude to -innumerable conquests; indeed, he went so far as to have a portrait of -himself painted with an effigy of one of his victims in the background, -yet he incessantly boasted of his constancy to the absent loved one. On -his return to England with the Prince of Wales, he was knighted by the -King at Hinchingbrook, and immediately flew to his lady-love in spite of -maternal prohibition. Then followed recriminations, explanations, trials -of her faith and virtue, challenges, duels—a stormy suit, indeed, -according to his own testimony. - -Respecting the date of their marriage there is great difference of -opinion. At all events, Kenelm insisted on its being kept secret, nor -was poor Venetia allowed to announce it, even when a fall from her horse -brought on a premature confinement, which nearly cost her her life. - -King James admired Sir Kenelm for his great erudition, and complimented -him on his essays on Sympathetic Powder, Alchemy, and other subjects -bordering on the supernatural. On the accession of Charles the First, -Sir Kenelm Digby was made Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, Commissioner -of the Navy, and Governor of the Trinity House, shortly after which, he -was appointed to the command of a naval squadron, sent to the -Mediterranean against the Venetian fleet and the Algerine pirates. - -In this voyage he was eminently successful, bringing the Venetians to -terms, chastising the pirates, and releasing a large number of English -slaves. It is said that on the eve of his embarkation, a second son -being born to him, he had permitted his wife to declare their marriage, -and had consigned her to the care of his kinsman, Lord Bristol, during -his absence from England. About this time, his faithful old friend, -Thomas Allen, bequeathed to him a splendid library, which he made over -to the Bodleian. - -In 1633, after his return, his beautiful but far from happy wife died, -and the mystery which had shrouded Venetia’s whole life hung like a dark -cloud over her death, and reports of all kinds were current. - -There is no doubt that Sir Kenelm had been in the habit of making -chemical and alchemical experiments on Venetia for some time past, and -the tradition of the concoction of snails which he had invented as a -preservative of her naturally brilliant complexion is still extant at -Gayhurst, where it is said the somewhat rare breed of large ‘Pomatia’ is -still to be found. - -By Digby’s desire his wife’s head (‘which contained but little brain’) -was opened, and he decided that she had taken an overdose of viper wine. -But spiteful women declared she had fallen a victim to a viper husband’s -jealousy, though Aubrey, who tells sad tales of Venetia before her -marriage, says she was a blameless wife. - -There is more than one portrait of her, with allegorical emblems of -Innocence, Slander, and the like. Her name had often been coupled with -that of the Earl of Dorset, and some said he had settled an annuity on -her, which was paid up to the time of her death. Be this as it may, Sir -Kenelm and Lady Digby always dined once a year with my Lord Dorset, who -received them courteously but formally, only permitting himself to kiss -the beauty’s hand with great respect. - -Venetia was buried in a church near Newgate, in a tomb of black marble, -with long inscriptions, surmounted by a copper-gilt bust, all destroyed -in the great fire. Numerous epitaphs were written in her honour. Ben -Jonson calls her ‘A tender mother, a discreet wife, a solemn mistress, a -good friend, so lovely and charitable in all her petite actions, so -devote in her whole life,’ etc. - -Whatever Sir Kenelm’s real feelings were, his outward grief was extreme. -He retired to Gresham College, lived like a hermit, studied chemistry, -wore a long mourning cloak, and left his beard unshorn. Although it was -generally supposed that his secession from the Protestant faith took -place when he was in Spain, it was not until 1653 that he wrote to his -friend Laud (whose admirable answer is extant) to announce the fact. He -was a firm adherent of Charles I., and greatly esteemed by Henrietta -Maria; but his loyalty got him into trouble with the Parliament, and he -was exiled to France. Returning in a few months he was imprisoned in -1640 for nearly three years, and was supposed only to have regained his -liberty through the intercession of the French Queen, who had loved him -twenty years before. His release, however, was conditional. He was -forbidden to take part in any public affairs, and he therefore gave -himself up to literary and scientific pursuits, and engaged in a -polemical correspondence with his quondam tutor, Laud, whom he is said -to have tempted to change his faith, by the bait of a Cardinal’s Hat. -Sir Kenelm returned to France and frequented the Court of his old flame, -the Queen Dowager, where his noble appearance, almost gigantic size, his -handsome features, agreeable conversation and manners, his learning, and -last, but perhaps not least, his predilection for the occult sciences, -made him an universal favourite. On the death of his eldest son, killed -on the Royalist side at the battle of St. Neot’s, Sir Kenelm returned to -compound for his estates, but was not suffered to remain in England. He -went back to Paris, where Henrietta Maria made him her Chancellor; and -he was then intrusted with a mission to Pope Innocent X., who welcomed -him at first, but after a time the ‘Englishman grew high, and hectored -at His Holiness, and gave him the lie.’ - -Once more in England, after the dissolution of the Long Parliament, -Cromwell took him into his confidence, hoping by his mediation to gain -over the Roman Catholics. - -His conduct in these circumstances has been praised by some and censured -by others, as may well be imagined, according to religious and political -bias. He travelled through France, Lower Germany, and the Palatinate, -always seeking and being sought by men of letters; and 1660 saw him once -more back in his native land. - -Charles II. showed him but little favour. He was nominated F.R.S., and -resided (1663) in a fair house in Covent Garden, where he had a -laboratory. ‘Philosopher, theologian, courtier, soldier; polite, -amiable, handsome, graceful.’ Lord Clarendon’s testimony is, ‘eccentric, -vain, unstable in religion, a duellist.’ These are the counterbalancing -portraits of Sir Kenelm Digby. He desired to be buried near Venetia. His -epitaph was as follows:— - - ‘Under this tomb the matchless Digby lies, - Digby the great, the brilliant, and the wise; - This age’s wonder, for his noble partes, - Skilled in six tongues, and learn’d in all the artes! - Born on the day he died, th’ eleventh of June, - And that day bravely fought at Scanderoon: - It’s rare that one and the same day should be - The day of birth, and death, and victory.’ - -He had four sons and one daughter. - - - ------- - - - No. 40. SIR THOMAS KILLIGREW. - - _Red slashed doublet. Fair hair. A bracelet on his arm. His hand rests - on a dog’s head._ - - BORN 1611, DIED 1683. - - BY VANDYCK. - - -HE was the younger son of Sir Robert Killigrew of Hanworth, County -Middlesex, by Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wodehouse, who married, -secondly, Sir Thomas Stafford. Thomas, or as he was usually called, Tom -Killigrew, was early initiated into the mysteries of Court life, being -appointed Page of Honour to King Charles the First, to whom he remained -faithful, and followed Charles the Second and his mother in their exile. -About the year 1651 the King sent him in a diplomatic capacity to -Venice, where Killigrew seems to have disported himself to his heart’s -content, and it was evidently here that he imbibed that passion for -music and the drama, which never forsook him, but which converted him -into a dramatist and a theatrical _entrepreneur_, rather, we should say, -confirmed him in these tastes which were already developed in his -boyhood; for we have an anecdote of his school days, how he would go to -the Red Bull Tavern, not far from the theatre, during the performance, -and how, more than once, the waiter came in crying, ‘Who will go and be -a devil on the stage, and he shall see the play for nothing?’ an offer -with which young Tom gladly closed. Thus began his career; for was not -he a merry devil the chief part of his life? - -Venice, as we have seen, suited his humour well, and Thomas was -evidently one of those foreigners who go on the principle of howling -with the wolves, and doing at Rome more than the Romans do. In fact, he -was so carried away by the vivacity of the Venetians, the maskings, -flirtings, and what not, which he encountered in the fair city of the -sea, that Thomas began to out-Herod Herod, and lived his life at such a -rate as to scandalise the Venetian authorities, who directed their -ambassador at Paris to wait on the English King, and urge the recall of -his envoy. Charles complied, but it was not likely that the peccadilloes -of which ‘Tommaso’ had been guilty should appear unpardonable in the -eyes of the merry monarch, and he received the delinquent into especial -favour, and on the Restoration Tom became Groom of the Bedchamber, and -the King’s inseparable companion. Pepys, in his diary of 1660, about the -time of Charles’s return to his dominions, records his meeting with Tom, -when being on my Lord Sandwich’s ship, he met, ‘with other fine company, -Tom Killigrew, a merry droll, but a gentleman, full of wit and humour, a -general favourite, especially with the King. And I walked with him for -some time on the deck, and he told most amusing stories.’ - -Killigrew had not been long in England before he put a darling scheme -into execution, namely, to bring over an Italian troop of actors from -Venice to perform in singing and recitative. He had by this time set up -as a dramatic author, and was instrumental in introducing into England -the fashion of female performers, for, until the Restoration, actresses -had not appeared on the stage, although in Italy, Spain, and elsewhere, -the female characters were always represented by women. It may easily be -believed that this innovation fell in with the royal taste, and there -was great amusement afforded by a representation of the Parson’s -Wedding, a comedy of Master Killigrew’s own writing, entirely performed -by females. In another portion of his diary Pepys relates how he met Tom -at my Lord Brouncker’s one night in company with a certain musician, one -Signor Baptista, and Killigrew told us how they proposed to give an -opera entirely in the Italian language, and he goes on to say that -Baptista was singer, poet, and all in one, and that he sang them one of -the acts, and that from the words alone, without any music prickt, which -seemed to astonish good Master Samuel, who makes some of his accustomed -sapient remarks on the occasion: ‘I did not understand the words, and so -do not know if they are fitted, but I perceive there is a proper accent -in every country’s discourse, but I am not as much smitten by it as if I -were acquainted with the language.’ - -Good Master Pepys had made a discovery in those early times, which we -recommend to the notice of many who pass in these days for proficients -in the vocal line. The newly-born Italian opera now became the rage, -very often, indeed, to the detriment of the English theatrical -companies, so much so that sometimes Killigrew’s own dramatic -productions were played to empty benches. Besides Signor Baptista there -was another eminent musician, Francesco Corbetta, who not only sang in -opera, but gave lessons in singing and the guitar, an instrument -hitherto almost unknown in this country. - - ‘Famossissimo maestro, di ghitarra, - Qual Orfeo in suonar, ognun il narra!’ - -Guitar-playing became a perfect mania among the fine ladies and -gentlemen at Court, ‘the King’s relish for that instrument,’ says De -Grammont, ‘helping to bring it into vogue, and the guitar (whether for -show or use) was now as necessary an appendage to a lady’s toilet-table -as her rouge or patch-box. In fact, there was a universal strumming of -the whole _guitarrery_ at Court.’ Lord Arran, a younger son of the Duke -of Ormonde, and his sister were amongst the greatest proficients; -indeed, Lady Chesterfield was as much admired for her musical talent as -for her undoubted beauty, and it was whispered her lord was very jealous -of the Duke of York’s evident appreciation of both these attractions. -Tom Killigrew’s popularity with the King increased daily, and there was -a report that his Majesty intended to revive the disused office of Court -Jester in the person of his favourite. We believe such an _officer_ had -been attached to his father’s household, but the post could only have -been nominal. An old writer thus describes the duties of a Court Jester, -‘A witty and jocose person kept by princes, to inform them of their -faults, and those of other people.’ We scarcely give Charles the Second -credit for such a motive in his election. Pepys alludes to the -circumstance in these words, ‘Tom Killigrew has a fee out of the -Wardrobe for Cap and Bells as King’s Jester, and may tease and rule -anybody, the greatest person, without offence, in privilege of his -place.’ Of this privilege Tom took advantage, sometimes in a good cause, -for with all their faults and failings, both he and his kindred spirit, -Nell Gwynne, regretted the bad odour into which Charles had fallen -through his neglect of public affairs, and Nell often admonished her -royal lover on the subject. One day the two friends hatched a small -plot. Says Nelly, ‘I have been just listening to the complaints of one -of the Court Lords, of Charles’s neglect of all duty, and how that he -has quite forgotten the existence of such a thing as a Cabinet Council, -upon which I bet his Lordship £100 that the King should attend the very -next. He sneered, but accepted the wager.’ Now we do not know if Nelly -promised her accomplice to go halves, but we do know that that evening, -when the King was in Madam Gwynne’s apartments, the door flew open, and -in burst Tom, disguised as a pilgrim. The King swore at him, and asked -if he had not heard the royal command that he should not be disturbed. -‘Oh yes, sire,’ was the reply, ‘but I was obliged to come and take leave -of your Majesty before my departure.’ - -‘Why, where the —— are you going, and what does this absurd masquerading -mean?’ - -‘I am starting this very moment for hell.’ - -‘Already,’ sneered the King, ‘and on what errand?’ - -‘To beg and pray of the devil to lend me Oliver Cromwell, if for ever so -short a time, to attend to the affairs of the country, as his successor -spends all his time in pleasure.’ - -The Jester was forgiven, and Nelly won her wager. - -Another time Charles taxed his fool with telling everybody that the King -was suffering from torturing pains in the nose, and asked the meaning of -such a senseless report. ‘I crave your Majesty’s pardon,’ says Tom, ‘I -knew you had been led by the nose for so many years, that I felt sure it -must have become tender and painful.’ - -But the Jester occasionally carried the jest too far; there was a play -called ‘The Silent Woman,’ given in London about this time, wherein -appeared the character of Tom Otter, a henpecked husband, a reputation -which the Duke of York enjoyed at Court. One night Charles said, ‘I will -go no more abroad with Tom Otter and his wife.’ Now the courtiers well -knew that when the King made any slighting allusion to his brother, they -were expected to be tickled, so there was a general roar. The Jester -alone looked solemn. ‘I wonder,’ said he, ‘which is best, to play Tom -Otter to your wife or to your mistress?’—a sally which made Charles very -angry, for he felt the reference was made to Lady Castlemaine, of whom -the whole world knew he stood greatly in awe. - -Another evening Tom made a comic onslaught on Lord Rochester, and that -nobleman, actuated perhaps by _jalousie de métier_, was so enraged that -he dealt the Jester a swinging box on the ear, unmindful of the royal -presence, and threw the whole Court circle into confusion. - -Death alone could put an end to poor Tom’s fooling. He died at his post -at Whitehall in 1682-3, and then ‘where were his gibes, his gambols, his -flashes of merriment, that were wont to set the table in a roar? Alas! -poor Yorick.’ - - - ------- - - - No. 43. MISTRESS HERBERT. - - _Elizabethan dress. Ruff. Jewelled hat. Auburn hair._ - Inscription—‘_Richard - Herbert of Blackhall’s wife, being daughter to Newport of Arcole_.’ - - DIED 1627. - - BY ZUCCHERO. - - -HE cannot do better in giving an account of this most remarkable and -exemplary woman than to quote the words of her distinguished son, -Edward, tenth Lord Herbert of Cherbury: ‘My mother, Magdalen, was the -fourth daughter of Sir Richard Newport, by his wife, Margaret, daughter -and heir of Sir Thomas Bromley, one of the Privy Council, and Executor -of King Henry the Eighth. She married Richard Herbert, grandson of Sir -Richard Herbert of Blackhall, County Montgomery, Knight, and surviving -her husband, gave rare testimonies of an incomparable piety to God and -love to her children. She was most assiduous and devout in her daily, -both private and public, prayers, and so careful to provide for her -posterity, that though it were in her power to give her estate, which -was very great, to whom she would, yet she continued long unmarried, and -so provident for them, that after she had bestowed all her daughters -with sufficient portions upon very good neighbouring families she -delivered up her estate and care of her housekeeping to her eldest son -Francis. She had for many years kept hospitality with that plenty and -order as exceeded all, either of her county or town, for besides -abundance of provision and good cheer for guests, which her son Sir -Francis continued, she used ever after dinner to distribute with her own -hands to the poor, who resorted to her in great numbers. Alms in money -she gave also, more or less, as she thought they needed it. After my -mother had lived most virtuously and lovingly with her husband for many -years (who died in 1597), she after his death erected a fair monument -for him in Montgomery Church, brought up her children carefully, and put -them in good courses for making their fortunes, and briefly was that -woman Dr. Donne has described in his funeral sermon.’ - -Speaking of his father Lord Herbert says: ‘He was black-haired, and -bearded, of a manly but somewhat stern look, but withal very handsome; -compact in his limbs, and of a great courage.’ His grandfather was also -distinguished for the same quality, and was noted to be a great enemy to -the outlaws and thieves of his time, who appeared in great numbers in -the mountains of Montgomeryshire. Lord Herbert also commends his -grandfather’s extreme hospitality, which caused it to be an ordinary -saying, if any one saw a fowl rise in the country at that time—‘Fly -where thou wilt, thou wilt light at Blackhall.’ - -Mistress Herbert had seven sons, of whom the eldest was the -aforementioned Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and three daughters. She seems -to have merited her son’s encomiums. Izaak Walton says of her: ‘She was -a person of superior abilities, and was highly esteemed for her great -and harmless wit, cheerful gaiety, and obliging behaviour, which gained -her a friendship with most of any eminent birth or learning in the -University of Oxford, where she resided four years during the time of -her widowhood, in order to superintend the education of her children, -who were all young at the time of their father’s death. When she had -provided for them she took to her second husband, Sir John Danvers, -Knight, brother and heir to Henry, Earl of Danby, who highly valued both -her person and most excellent endowments of mind. It was Magdalen -Newport, Mrs. Herbert, and Dame Danvers, who inspired those favourite -lines of Dr. Donne, Dean of St. Paul’s, so often quoted— - - ‘No spring or summer beauty hath such grace - As I have seen in an autumnal face.’ - -She lies buried at Chelsea. - - - ------- - - - No. 44. THOMAS CROMWELL, EARL OF ESSEX. - - _Black and white dress._ - - BY HOLBEIN. - - -HE was the son of a blacksmith at Putney; his mother, who married again, -sent him to a small school, where he learned little more than reading, -writing, and the rudiments of Latin. When quite young he evinced a -passion for travel, and set out for the Continent with very scanty -means, which were soon exhausted, and he found himself at Antwerp -without money or connections of any kind. But he was energetic and -hard-working, and he soon found employment as a clerk in an English -factory established in the city. Glad as Cromwell was to earn his -livelihood, the drudgery and confinement of the life were irksome to the -eager restless spirit of our young adventurer, and he took advantage of -the first opportunity to escape. He made acquaintance with some -countrymen from Boston in Lincolnshire, bound for Rome, in order to -obtain certain indulgences from the reigning Pope, Julius the Second. -These men soon became aware that Cromwell’s intelligence and capability -were likely to make him a valuable fellow-traveller. They therefore -proposed to convey him to Italy, an offer with which it may be imagined -Cromwell eagerly closed. At Rome he rose into favour at the Vatican by -his talent and ability, added to which substantial qualifications our -young traveller made himself acceptable to the Pope by ministering to -the well-known tastes of Julius for good living. He is said to have -instructed the Papal cook in the art of preparing many a delicacy for -the Pontiff’s table, till then unknown in Rome, especially ‘_some rare -English jellies, which his Holiness pronounced delicious_.’ Italy was at -that period the theatre of constant warfare, and Cromwell became not -only a spectator, but an actor in many of the exciting events, serving -for a time as trooper in the army of the Duke, afterwards Connétable, de -Bourbon. - -This great commander had left the service of France in disgust, and had -espoused the cause of Charles the Fifth, Emperor of Germany. A companion -in arms was John Russell, eventually Earl of Bedford; a man who shone -alike as a soldier and a diplomatist, and had been employed in the -latter capacity by Henry the Eighth, and his prime minister, Cardinal -Wolsey. Being at Bologna a plot was formed to seize his person and send -him prisoner to Paris, the hotel in which he lodged being already -guarded by the soldiers of the Gonfaloniere. Thomas Cromwell was also in -Bologna at that time, and no sooner did he receive intelligence of the -affair than he went to the municipal authorities representing himself as -a Neapolitan acquaintance of the English knight, and offering to -persuade him to give himself up quietly. He thus gained access to -Russell’s presence, and providing him with the disguise of a peasant -contrived in the most skilful manner to effect his escape. Russell urged -his deliverer to accompany him, but Cromwell was not disposed to leave -Italy so soon, and entered the service of a rich merchant at Venice. -Cromwell was said to have been present at the battle of Pavia, where -Francis the First of France was taken prisoner. On his return to -England, the man whose life and liberty he had saved, came forward to -lend him a helping hand. - -Russell, then in much repute at Court, recommended him to the patronage -of Wolsey, then in the zenith of his power. The Cardinal took Cromwell -into his service and confidence, and made him secretary and chief agent -in the great scheme of the dissolution of the religious houses, which -was now carrying on, the funds thus raised being ostensibly apportioned -to defraying the expenses attendant on the erection of the colleges -which Wolsey was now founding— - - ‘Those twin seats of learning, - Ipswich and Oxford.’ - -But there were whisperings abroad that much of the money thus obtained -overflowed into the pockets of ‘master and man,’ a circumstance which -Cromwell emphatically denied in a conversation with Master George -Cavendish, one of the Cardinal’s gentlemen, and his eventual biographer. -The question of Cromwell’s fidelity to his master, when Wolsey fell on -evil days, has been differently treated by different writers; but there -is no doubt that when Wolsey left London in disgrace, Cromwell followed -him to Esher—or Asher, as it is written by Master Cavendish—who tells us -he went into the great chamber, and to his surprise found Master -Cromwell standing in the large window, the tears distilling from his -eyes, with a primer in his hand, praying earnestly,—‘the which was a -strange sight,’ for it did not appear that the said Master Cromwell was -by any means given to devotion. Cavendish inquired into the cause of his -sorrow, asking anxiously if he considered their master’s case to be so -very hopeless, on which Cromwell, with much candour, confessed that it -was his own fate he was bewailing, for it seemed most likely that he was -on the point of losing everything for which he had been travailing all -the days of his life; moreover, that he was in disdain of all men simply -for doing his master’s service, through which he had never increased his -living, on the contrary, had been a heavy loser. Then he confided to -Master Cavendish how, that very afternoon, when the Cardinal had dined, -it was his (Cromwell’s) intention to ride with all speed to London, and -so to Court, ‘where I will either make or mar ere I come back again.’ -Assuredly in the audience which he solicited and obtained did Master -Cromwell make, and not mar, as far as he himself was concerned. He had a -long and explicit conversation with the King, into whose favour he -ingratiated himself by suggesting the very line of conduct on which he -well knew Henry’s heart was bent. Acquainted with the Monarch’s -infatuation for Anne Boleyn, he now suggested, as if from his own notion -of advisability, that the King should throw off all allegiance to the -Pope, declare himself supreme head of the Church throughout his own -kingdom, and thus facilitate the much desired measure of his divorce -from Queen Katherine. Such palatable advice was indeed well calculated -to win Henry’s good graces, and from that moment Cromwell’s rapid rise -began. The King, knowing what a valuable auxiliary he had proved to his -late patron in the matter of the suppression of the religious houses, -resolved to secure Cromwell’s services for the same purpose. He -therefore confirmed him in the office of Steward of the Dissolved -Monasteries, made him a Privy Councillor, a Knight, Secretary of State, -Master of the Royal Jewel-house, Clerk of the Hanaper (a lucrative post -in the Court of Chancery), and what Cromwell’s enemies termed ‘the Lord -knows what.’ In 1535 Visitor-General of the said suppressed monasteries -throughout the realm, in which capacity Sir Thomas incurred much -censure, and was branded by many as cruel, rapacious, and overbearing. -In our judgment of this sentence we must take into consideration the -fever heat at which religious animosity now stood; suffice it to say -that Cromwell satisfied the views of his royal master, and was not Henry -cruel, rapacious, and overbearing? Fabulous sums were extorted from the -exchequers of these establishments, and it was almost universally -believed that the favourite came in for a considerable share of the -booty. It was indeed evident he did not remember the injunction laid -upon him by Sir Thomas More, namely, that he should advise the King what -he _ought_ to do, not only what he was _able_ to do. In 1536 he was made -Privy Seal, and the same year Baron Cromwell of Okeham, County Rutland, -and (the authority of the Pope being by this time abolished in England) -Henry instituted a new office, to which he appointed his favourite. This -was Vicar-General, or in other words, Supreme Head of the Church, as -representative of the King, in which capacity he sat in the House of -Lords, and also at Convocation above the Archbishop of Canterbury. The -office included that of Principal Commissary for the Administration of -Justice in all ecclesiastical affairs; of the godly reformation, and the -redress of all errors, heresies, and abuses of the English Reformed -Church, both in Parliament and Convocation. - -It was indeed strange that the man who, a very short time before, had -professed infidel doctrines (and was so unsettled in his creed that when -Cavendish found him at prayers, the primer in his hand should be our -lady’s matins) strange to say that this individual should now come -forward as the principal pillar of the Reformation. Dr. Hook, in his -_Lives of the Archbishops of Canterbury_, says, Cromwell ‘was not a real -Protestant, and was generally supposed to be a man who supported the -party from which he could obtain most, a statesman whose religion -depended on politics, and who had no knowledge of theological subjects.’ -Yet from the circumstances in which he was now placed all the English -Protestants rallied round him, and those of Germany treated with him. In -his new capacity Cromwell issued the most stringent and binding -regulations for the conduct of the reformed clergy, was indefatigable in -propagating the Bible throughout the country, causing it to be read in -churches, and placed in convenient parts of the building, where the -parishioners themselves could refer to it on their own account. But -Cromwell’s life forms part of the history of the reign of Henry the -Eighth, and indeed of the Reformation itself. And it is incumbent on us -to condense this narrative lest it exceed the prescribed bounds. - -He continued to receive marks of favour from the King, but his keen eye -detected the gathering clouds in his own future; and he knew if Henry -once failed him there would be little hope of stemming the tide of -unpopularity which threatened to overpower him. He well knew that he was -hated by all classes; the nobility, who grudged all the titles and -honours bestowed on ‘the blacksmith’s son’; the Roman Catholics, who had -good reason to detest him; while the reformed clergy rebelled against -many of the changes and innovations which the Vicar-General had -instituted in the services and conduct of the Church; and the poorer -classes were indignant with him for depriving them of the bounty which -they had so long received from the religious houses. Cromwell had good -cause to be uneasy. He began by propitiating ‘the poor and needy,’ who -now flocked by invitation to the gate of his house in Throckmorton -Street, oftentimes twice a day, where they were regaled with bread and -meat and money. He then set on foot negotiations with the Protestant -Princes of Germany, more especially the reigning Duke of Cleves, in -order to bring about a marriage between that Prince’s sister and Henry -the Eighth, who was at this moment in one of his transitory intervals of -widowhood. Lord Cromwell imagined that a Protestant queen of his own -selection would be an invaluable ally at Court, and help him to retain -the favour of the King, who was persuaded into the belief that the Lady -Anne of Cleves was not only ‘fair and portly,’ but comely in face and -feature, an error in which Henry was confirmed by a very flattering -portrait from the pencil of Holbein. So the Princess was sent for to -come over to England, and a magnificent cortége was despatched, with the -Archbishop of Canterbury himself, to bring her on her way to London; and -Henry conceived the romantic idea of riding down to Rochester in -disguise to waylay his bride. Alas! for the eager glance which his Grace -cast into the travelling coach, where sat a lady tall and portly indeed, -but coarse and ugly in face and feature! Henry, we are told, was -‘alarmed and abashed,’ but he also was furious. He felt he had been -deceived, and he sent for Cromwell and bade him devise some means for -the prevention of the marriage. It was too late; matters had gone too -far, and the ceremony was performed. - -It would appear that at the time the King did not realise the idea that -Cromwell was the principal instigator of the hated union, for it was -after the marriage that he was raised to the Earldom of Essex, and made -Lord Chamberlain, and his son granted a separate peerage. We know from -the pages of history how the King’s horror of ‘the Flanders mare’ -increased day by day, and he never rested till he had obtained a -divorce, soon followed by the downfall of the newly created Earl of -Essex, whose ruin was resolved on. - -The Duke of Norfolk was intrusted with the task of arresting his enemy -at the Council Board on the opening of Parliament in June 1540, and -despatching him to the Tower, nor was he loth to carry out the royal -command. Essex claimed a trial by his Peers, but the privilege was -denied him. He was condemned, says Dr. Hook, by the iniquitous statute, -admitting of attainder without trial, a measure of which he was not the -actual founder, as affirmed by some writers, but the reviver of the -same, and therefore by many pronounced deserving of his fate. - -He was accused of high treason, heresy, embezzlement, and a host of -other misdemeanours, but there is little doubt the worst offence in -Henry’s eyes was his instrumentality in promoting the hateful marriage -with Anne of Cleves. - -The only voice that was raised in his behalf was that of Archbishop -Cranmer, who wrote a most eloquent letter to the King, entreating him to -spare the life of Lord Essex, but it was unavailing. Cromwell’s -demeanour in the Tower was very different from that which had -characterised Sir Thomas More. He addressed the most abject letters to -Henry, and would have accepted life at almost any price. He wrote ‘with -a heavy heart and trembling hand,’ and signed himself, ‘Your highness’s -most humble and wretched prisoner and poor slave, Thomas Cromwell.’ -While underneath the subscription came the words, ‘I cry for mercy, -mercy, mercy!’ - -Henry caused the letters to be read to him four times, and at one moment -showed signs of relenting, but in the end was (as usual) inexorable. -Four days from the passing of the sentence, Lord Essex was led forth to -execution, and beheaded on Tower Hill. He made a speech full of loyalty -and submission to the royal will, words which were thought to have been -dictated by paternal solicitude for the welfare of his only son. He -furthermore confessed his sins, repenting that he had ever abandoned the -Catholic faith to which he now returned, for in that he was resolved to -die; then kneeling in prayer, ‘he submitted his neck to the executioner, -who mangled him in a shocking manner.’ - - - ------- - - - No. 46. LADY KILLIGREW. - - _Standing. White satin gown, dark drapery. Hands crossed. - Brown curls._ - - BY VANDYCK. - - -Mistress Cecilia Crofts, maid of honour to the Queen Henrietta Maria? - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - PRINCIPAL STAIRCASE. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - PRINCIPAL STAIRCASE. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. GRACE, COUNTESS OF DYSART. - - _Pale yellow dress. Leaning her elbow on a table._ - - DIED 1744. - - BY WRIGHT. - - -SHE was the daughter of Sir Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, County Chester, -by Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of Edward Mytton, Esq., of -Weston-under-Lizard, County Stafford. She married, 1680, Lionel -Tollemache, Earl of Dysart, and, becoming co-heir with her sister, the -Countess of Bradford, took large estates to her husband’s family. Lady -Dysart had one son, who died _v.p._, and two daughters. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. MARY, WIFE OF RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Pale yellow dress. Pink drapery. Holding a flower._ - - BORN 1661, DIED 1737. - - BY WRIGHT. - - -SHE was the daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, -County Chester, Bart., by Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Edward -Mytton, Esq. of Weston-under-Lizard, which estate (besides a large -fortune from her father) Lady Bradford inherited from her mother, and -brought into the Newport family. - -It is seldom the lot of any woman to live continuously in one loved -home, but Mary Wilbraham was born, married, died, and was buried at -Weston, where her childhood, youth, the chief part of her married life, -and the latter days of her widowhood were all passed, and which she -brought into the Newport family. Francis, Earl of Bradford, and his wife -were most anxious to secure for their eldest son so desirable a match as -this young lady presented, not only on account of her noble inheritance, -but in respect of her amiable qualities and the comeliness of her -person. - -They accordingly made good settlements on Lord Newport to facilitate the -union. We have a list of the lands and messuages allotted to him, but to -prove their worth we consider two of them will suffice, at least in -point of syllables, namely—the Manors of Ginnioneth-ys-Kerdine, and -Dykewyde, in the county of Cardigan. Lady Bradford had six sons, of whom -four died without children, and two, Henry and Thomas, succeeded to the -Earldom, and four daughters, Mary, who died unmarried; Elizabeth, wife -of James Cocks of Worcester, Esq., ancestor to the present Lord Somers; -Anne, married to Sir Orlando Bridgeman of Castle Bromwich, County -Warwick, Bart.; and Diana, married to Algernon Coote, Earl of Mountrath. -Mary, Countess of Bradford, survived her husband many years, and lies -buried by his side at Weston. Her loss was deeply mourned by all -classes, especially by the poor, to whom her charity was unbounded. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Slashed dress of golden brown. White sleeves. Wig._ - - BORN 1644, DIED 1723. - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - -HE was the eldest son of the first Earl of Bradford, by Lady Diana -Russell. During his father’s lifetime he represented Shropshire in -Parliament for many years, and gained great popularity in his county by -his strenuous support of the Bill of Exclusion, which obtained for him a -complimentary address signed by every member of the grand jury, -consisting of all the principal landholders of the neighbourhood. He was -Privy Councillor in the reigns of Queen Anne and George the First, and -Lord Lieutenant and _Custos Rotulorum_ for the county of Montgomery. In -1681 he married the daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Wilbraham of -Woodhey, and Weston-under-Lizard, Bart., by whom he had a numerous -family. During his father’s lifetime he resided chiefly at -Eyton-upon-Severn, but in later days he took up his abode at Weston, his -wife’s inheritance in Staffordshire. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN. - - _Robes of the Lord-Keeper. Holding the purse. Oval, in a square frame._ - - BORN 1609, DIED 1674. - - BY RILEY. - - -THE son of Dr. John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, by Elizabeth, daughter -of Dr. Helyar, Canon of Exeter, and Archdeacon of Barnstaple. Educated -by his father until he went to Queens’ College, Cambridge, where he took -his degree of B.A. in 1623. The following year he entered the Inner -Temple, and applied himself vigorously to the study of common law, ‘of -which he became,’ says Lord Campbell, ‘a profound master, caring little -in comparison for either literature or politics.’ When called to the bar -he made himself remarkable for his diligent attention to business, -although he had the expectation of a goodly inheritance from his father. -At the commencement of the Long Parliament Orlando Bridgeman was -returned for the borough of Wigan in Lancashire. He voted silently, but, -with the exception of some measures on which he had conscientious -scruples, almost invariably for the King. He was also one of the few who -voted against the attainder of Lord Strafford, in whose behalf he made a -short but manly appeal. When the civil war broke out Orlando did not -indeed, as was the case with several lawyers, throw aside the gown for -the sword; but he went into the north, and in the city of Chester, and -elsewhere, did the King good service by affording the royal troops all -the assistance in his power, in cooperation with his father, the Bishop -of the diocese. Clarendon tells us how ‘the city of Chester remained -true to his Majesty, influenced thereto by the credit and example of -Bishop John Bridgeman, and the reputation and dexterity of his son -Orlando, a lawyer of very good estimation.’ For these proofs of loyalty -Bridgeman was expelled the House of Commons, and the Bishop’s estates -sequestrated. But when Charles summoned the members of both Houses that -had been faithful to him, to his own Parliament at Oxford, Orlando -Bridgeman took his seat as member for Wigan, in Christchurch Hall, and -was there nominated by patent (sealed by Lord-Keeper Lyttleton) to the -post of Attorney-General of the Court of Wards and Liveries, ‘an -office,’ says Lord Campbell, ‘when actually exercised, of great -importance and emolument, but now a mere feather in his cap, which -Parliament would not allow him to wear in their sight. At the time of -the Treaty of Uxbridge, Bridgeman was chosen one of the Commissioners, -and was thereto designated by his new title, but the potentates of -Westminster would not acknowledge the appointment as valid, and treated -him as plain Orlando Bridgeman.’ When Oxford capitulated to Fairfax, he -retired to his country house at Morton, where he was joined by the -Bishop, and afterwards he proceeded privately to London. - -During the interregnum he refused to put on his gown or to plead, but -contented himself with acting as a conveyancer or chamber counsel. Yet -we are informed that he took great note of passing events, whether -judicial or political, and though he prudently abstained from any small -plot hatching in the King’s name, which he considered would be -prejudicial to the royal cause, yet to the great measures which affected -the Restoration our lawyer gave his strong adherence, and rejoiced in -the return of Charles the Second to England. He had quick promotion, -being made Serjeant-at-Law, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and -Speaker of the House of Lords in the absence of the Lord Chancellor. His -conduct on the trial of the regicides has naturally been differently -judged, according to the bias of party feeling, but at all events his -eloquence in charging the jury was highly extolled at the time, and when -he had concluded the applause was so great that Judge Bridgeman felt -himself called upon to check the expression thereof, saying, ‘that it -was more suitable for the audience of a stage-play rather than a court -of justice.’ His language indeed was rather fantastic and flowery, but -that was the fashion at the time. He explained that ‘the treason of the -prisoners consisted not only in compassing and imagining the King’s -death, but in executing him in front of his own palace; in fact, not -only laying the cockatrice’s egg, but brooding upon the same, until it -had brought forth a serpent!’ On the expiration of the trials, Bridgeman -was made a Baronet and Chief-Justice of the Common Pleas; and it was -said of him that while presiding in this Court his reputation was at its -zenith, and ‘his moderation and equity were such that he seemed to carry -a chancery in his breast.’ In the intrigues which were being carried on -against Lord Clarendon, Sir Orlando took no part; indeed his conduct was -invariably marked by generosity towards the man whom he was destined to -supplant, and he did all in his power to prevent the Chancellor’s -impeachment. In 1667 he was appointed Lord-Keeper at the instigation of -some of the King’s advisers, male and female, and it was whispered among -his enemies that in that capacity he was at first more complaisant than -his predecessor in affixing the great seal to royal grants, in favour of -such personages as Lady Castlemaine, and others of her calibre. Be this -as it may, the atrocious proceedings of the Cabal roused the Lord-Keeper -into resistance, and the opposition he offered to these unscrupulous men -hastened his downfall. His own family were also most prejudicial to his -prosperity, his wife being an ‘intriguer and intermeddler,’ combining -with his sons in matters with which they had no concern. Bridgeman was -losing favour at Court; he had lately made himself obnoxious to the King -and his surroundings by opposing many of their measures, and when he -refused to confirm the Act of Toleration on the ground of illegality, -Lord Shaftesbury hastened to Charles’s presence bent on mischief, for -that nobleman had long had his eyes greedily directed towards the Great -Seal, and he became very eloquent in counting up all Sir Orlando’s -misdemeanours, ending by his _disinterested_ advice for that minister’s -instant dismissal. Charles took a little time to be persuaded, but after -a while he sent off secretary Coventry to demand the bone of contention -from the Lord-Keeper. Bridgeman was all unprepared for the hasty and -peremptory message, but he had no option, and the Great Seal was -delivered to the royal messenger. Charles kept it in his own custody all -night, and the next morning consigned it with the title of Lord -Chancellor into the willing hands of Anthony Ashley Cooper. After his -dismissal from office Sir Orlando retired to his villa near Teddington, -where he died, and was buried. He was twice married—first to Judith, -daughter and heir of John Kynaston, Esq. of Morton, County Salop, who -died at Oxford, during the usurpation, and was there buried. He had an -only son, Sir John Bridgeman, his successor. Sir Orlando had for his -second wife, Dorothy, daughter of Dr. Saunders, Provost of Oriel -College, Oxford, and relict of George Cradock, Esq. of Carsewell Castle, -County Stafford, by whom he had two sons and one daughter, namely, Sir -Orlando, created a Baronet; Sir Francis, knighted in 1673, who married -Susanna, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Barker, Knight, but had no -children; and Charlotte, married to Sir Thomas Myddleton of Chirk -Castle. - -As must invariably be the case with men in prominent positions, more -especially in times of great civil, religious, and political struggles, -Sir Orlando Bridgeman’s character was by turns eulogised and blamed; in -spite of his loyal services to Charles the First, that King found -occasion to censure his faithful servant at the time of the Treaty of -Uxbridge, on a question of religion, ‘having,’ said his Majesty, -‘expected otherwise from the son of a Bishop.’ Yet Sir Orlando was a -staunch Churchman. Burnet’s testimony was merely to his judicial -capacity. He said: ‘Bridgeman’s practice was so entirely in common law -that he did not seem to understand what equity was.’ Roger North said: -‘He was a celebrated lawyer, and sat with high esteem in the place of -Chief-Justice of Common Pleas: the moving him then to the Chancery did -not contribute to his fame’; while elsewhere we are told ‘he carried a -chancery in his breast.’ ‘He grew timorous, which was not mended by age; -he laboured to please everybody, and that is a temper of ill consequence -in a judge.’ On the other hand, Lord Nottingham writes: ‘It is due to -the memory of so great a man to mention him with reverence and -veneration for his learning and integrity.’ While Lord Ellenborough -extols him as an eminent judge, distinguished by the profundity of his -learning and the extent of his industry. At all events, there is no -doubt that the name of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Lord-Keeper of the Great -Seal, continues to be honoured, not only in the annals of his own -family, but in the learned profession of the Law. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, FATHER OF THE LORD-KEEPER. - - _Black gown and ruff. Shield episcopal. Arms of Chester, impaling - Bridgeman. Dated 1616. Aged 41._ - - BORN 1575, DIED 1657-8. - - BY JANSEN. - - -EDWARD BRIDGEMAN was the younger son of William Bridgeman of Dean Parva, -in the county of Gloucester. He settled in the city of Exeter, and was, -in 1578, High-Sheriff of the said city and the county of Devon. His son -John was born in Exeter, in a house not far from the palace-gate, which -seemed an omen of his future dignity. He was a studious boy, and loved -his books, and was carefully kept at school until it was deemed -advisable ‘to transplant him to the University,’ when he was entered at -Magdalen College, Cambridge, of which he became a Fellow, and eventually -the Master. In 1600, being M.A., he was admitted _ad eundem_ at Oxford, -and here he attained the degree of Doctor of Divinity, being the -highest, we are told, ‘a scholar can receive, or the University bestow.’ -Dr. Bridgeman’s character for learning and piety, combined with -refinement of manners and good breeding, had reached the ears of King -James the First, who appointed him one of his Domestic Chaplains, and -soon afterwards he became incumbent of Wigan in Lancashire. For upwards -of two hundred years, even to the present day, the living in question -has been held, with scarcely any intermission, by a member of the family -of Bridgeman. In 1619 the Doctor was raised to the See of Chester, being -consecrated at Lambeth, at the same time as the Bishops of Oxford and -Bristol. Now the King taking into consideration that the Bishopric of -Chester was less lucrative than some others, His Majesty also preferred -John Bridgeman to the living of Bangor in Wales, which he was to hold -_ad commendam_, or temporarily. Collins tells us that his Lordship was -not present in the Upper House, in the year 1641, when the bishops -protested against the proceedings in Parliament, and were impeached, and -sent to the Tower, whereby he was saved the tedious imprisonment to -which his right reverend brethren were subjected. But all his -proclivities were Royalist, and during the usurpation, his estates being -sequestrated, he took refuge at his son’s country house at Moreton, near -Oswestry, in Salop, where he died about the year 1657 or 1658, being -buried in the neighbouring church of Kinnerley, and not in the Cathedral -of Chester, as some writers have it. - -This worthy Prelate was said to have been ‘as ingenious as he was brave, -and a great patron of those gifts in others which he himself owned. He, -moreover, was the father of that great and good man, Sir Orlando -Bridgeman, the Lord-Keeper, who was a glory to his family, and indeed to -the country at large.’ The Bishop of Chester married Elizabeth, daughter -of Dr. Helyar (of a good old Somersetshire family), Canon of Exeter, and -Archdeacon of Barnstaple, by whom he had five sons— - -1. Sir Orlando Bridgeman, afterwards First Baronet, and eventually -Lord-Keeper. - -2. Dove, Prebendary of Chester, married Miss Bennet of Cheshire (who -survived him), by whom he had one son, Charles, Archdeacon of Richmond, -in Yorkshire, who died unmarried 1678. The widow of Dove Bridgeman -married, as her second husband, Dr. John Halkett, Bishop of Lichfield. - -3. Henry Bridgeman, who was indeed rich in church preferment, being -successively Rector of Bangor and Barrow, and Bishop of the Isle of Man. -He married Catherine, daughter of Robert Lever, of Lancashire, Gent., by -whom he had one daughter, who married Sir Thomas Greenhalgh of -Brundlesham, County Lancaster. - -4. Sir James Bridgeman, Knight, who married the daughter of one Mr. -Allen, a gentleman of Cheshire, by whom he had (beside a son and -daughter, who died unmarried) Frances, wife of William, Lord Howard of -Escrick, and Magdalen, wife of William Wynder, Esq. - -5. Richard, a merchant in Amsterdam, married the daughter of one Mr. -Watson, also an English merchant in that city, by whom he had a -daughter, Elizabeth, married to John Dove, Surveyor of the Customs; and -a son, William, of Westminster, some time Secretary of the Admiralty, -and one of the Clerks of the Privy Council, who married Diana, daughter -of Mr. Vernatti, an Italian gentleman. Their children were Orlando, and -Catherine, married to a relative, son of Sir John Bridgeman, Bart. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FOURTH BARONET. - - _Blue coat. Red overcoat. Wig._ - - DIED 1764. - - BY VANDERBANK. - - -HE was the son and successor of Sir John Bridgeman, third Baronet, by -Ursula Matthews. He married Lady Anne Newport, daughter and co-heir of -Richard, second Earl of Bradford, who, beside a large fortune, brought -the beautiful estate of Weston into the Bridgeman family. Sir Orlando -was for some time M.P. for Shrewsbury. - - - ------- - - - No. 7. HENRY NEWPORT, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF - BRADFORD. - - _Red coat. Silver brandebourgs._ - - DIED 1734. - - BY DAHL. - - -HE was the eldest son of Richard Newport, second Earl of Bradford, by -Mary Wilbraham. He represented Shropshire in several Parliaments during -his father’s life, and was at different times Lord-Lieutenant and -_Custos Rotulorum_ of the Counties of Stafford, Shropshire, and -Montgomery. Lord Bradford died unmarried at his house in St. James’s -Place, and was buried in Henry the Seventh’s Chapel at Westminster. - -He was succeeded in his titles, and such estates as he could not -alienate, by his brother Thomas, who had become imbecile through a fall -from his horse in early life in Cowhay Wood, Weston Park. He was -incompetent to manage his own affairs, and, dying at Weston, 1762, his -titles became extinct, and his property descended to his nephews, the -sons of Lady Anne Bridgeman; and the Countess of Mountrath. Henry, Lord -Bradford was an immoral and vindictive man, and having quarrelled with -his mother on account of her endeavour to disentangle him from some -disgraceful connection, he vowed vengeance on her and her whole family. -This threat he carried out in a shameful manner, and though the story is -long and complicated, yet it bears so nearly on the fortunes of the -present possessor of Weston, that we cannot refrain from entering into -details. In 1715, Lord Bradford cut off and debarred all the then -existing entails of the family estates over which he had any power, and -in 1730 he made a will by which he left all his large estates in trust, -for the use of John Newport, _alias_ Harrison, _alias_ Smyth, his -illegitimate son by Anne, wife of Ralph Smyth, son of the Dean of -Raphoe, that lady being then Lord Bradford’s mistress; the property to -revert to the testator’s lawful heirs in the event of the aforementioned -John’s death without children. But two days afterwards he repented of -this partial act of compensation, and added a codicil by which he left -the same property to the same trustees, in case of John’s death without -heirs, to his mother, Mrs. Anne Smyth, for her own personal use, to be -devised as she saw fit, provided that during John’s lifetime she should -set aside a proper sum for his use and maintenance, after which she -might make any use she chose of the residue. Four days afterwards -another codicil assured the lady in question a further sum of £10,000. - -Lord Bradford died in 1734, and Mrs. Anne Smyth in 1742, having two -months before her death made a will leaving all the property bequeathed -her by the said Earl to one Alexander Small, a surgeon (excepting as -before what was set aside for the maintenance of John Newport), until -John should have attained his majority, which was not to be until he was -twenty-six years old. In the event of John Newport’s death without -children, then the reversion and inheritance of the said estates she -devised to William Pulteney, afterwards Earl of Bath, his heirs and -assigns for ever. It would be tedious to relate all the legal -proceedings which arose out of this eccentric will; suffice it to say -that it could not be proved till 1751, nine years after the death of the -testatrix. Lord Bath on his part devised the reversion of the property -expectant on the death of John Newport, to his brother, General Harry -Pulteney, who in turn devised it to the daughter of his cousin-german -(Daniel Pulteney), Frances, wife of William Johnstone, and her said -husband (who afterwards became a baronet, and took the name of -Pulteney), and to their heirs in tail male, with remainder to Harry, -Earl of Darlington, whose grandmother was Anne Pulteney, aunt to the -Earl of Bath, and daughter of Sir William Pulteney of Misterton, County -Leicester and his sons in tail male. - -All these aforementioned legatees died in succession without male heirs, -excepting the Earl of Darlington, who left an only son, afterwards Duke -of Cleveland, on whom the whole of this enormous fortune devolved, and -is part of the heritage of the present Duke (1888). Thus the ancient -estates of the Newports, including those which descended to them from -the Princes of South Wales, passed away from the rightful owners, -excepting Weston-under-Lizard, Walsall, and some other estates elsewhere -mentioned, which became the property of Sir Henry Bridgeman, grandson of -Mary, Countess of Bradford. The savings from the estate during the -lifetime of John Newport, which were said to exceed £200,000, were -ultimately divided (after deducting the great law charges) between the -Crown (to which it passed in default of heirs), and, through a -ridiculous quibble of the law, the representatives of Ralph Smyth (John -Newport’s mother’s husband). - - - ------- - - - No. 8. LADY ANNE BRIDGEMAN. - - _White satin dress. Leaning her arm on a table. Fair hair._ - - BORN 1690, DIED 1752. - - BY VANDERBANK. - - -SHE was the third daughter of Richard Newport, second Earl of Bradford, -by Mary Wilbraham. She married Sir Orlando Bridgeman of Castle Bromwich, -Bart., by whom she had (besides a daughter and two sons who died young) -Sir Henry, who succeeded his father, and Diana, married to John -Sawbridge of Ollantigh, in Kent. This lady’s descendants are now the -only representatives of the ancient family of Newport. - - - ------- - - - No. 9. HENRY, FOURTH LORD HERBERT OF RIPSFORD. - - DIED 1691. - - BY WISSING. - - -EDWARD, first Lord Herbert of Ripsford, the ‘noble author’ of whom -Horace Walpole speaks in terms of the highest enthusiasm, and whose -autobiography he published, was succeeded by his son Richard, who -married a daughter of John, Earl of Bridgewater, by whom he had two -surviving sons (who in turn succeeded to the title) and two daughters. -The youngest, Florence, married her kinsman, Richard Herbert of Oakley -Park. Edward, third Lord Herbert of Cherbury, a zealous loyalist, dying -without children by either of his three wives, the titles and estates -devolved on his brother Henry, who married Lady Catherine Newport, -daughter of Francis, first Earl of Bradford. On the fourth Lord’s -decease _s.p._, the title became extinct, but the dignity of Herbert of -Cherbury was revived in favour of his nephew (son of his sister -Florence), Henry Arthur Herbert, afterwards Earl of Powis, in 1743. - -Catherine Newport, Lady Herbert, survived her husband, and resided till -her death at Lymore in Montgomeryshire, the considerable estate -belonging to Herbert which had been appointed her as her jointure. She -was remarkable for her extensive charities. - - - ------- - - - No. 10. SIR JOHN BRIDGEMAN, SECOND BART. - - _Red dress. Holding a jewelled sword._ - - BORN 1630, DIED 1710. - - BY VICTOR. - - -HE was the eldest son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Lord-Keeper, and the -only child by that gentleman’s ‘first venter’ (so runs a line in the -learned gentleman’s biography), Judith, daughter and heir of John -Kynaston of Morton, in Shropshire, Esq. He married Mary, daughter and -heir of George Cradock of Carsewell Castle, in Staffordshire, whose -widow married Sir Orlando as his second wife. By this alliance John -Bridgeman’s mother-in-law became his step-mother, a singular -relationship. He had four sons, three of whom died unmarried; the two -who survived him were John, his namesake and successor, and Orlando, -married to Catherine, daughter of William Bridgeman of Comb, County -Suffolk, Esq. The daughters were Mary, married to Robert Lloyd, Esq. of -Aston, in Shropshire; Judith, married to Richard Corbet of Morton -Corbet, County Shropshire; Dorothy, wife of Lisle Hackett of Moxhull, -County Warwick; and three others who died unmarried. Sir John died at -his own house of Castle Bromwich, but was buried at Aston, in -Warwickshire. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. FRANCIS NEWPORT, SECOND LORD NEWPORT, AND FIRST EARL OF - BRADFORD. - - _Blue mantle. Long wig._ - - BORN 1619, DIED 1708. - - BY DAHL. - - -HE was the eldest son of Sir Richard Newport, Kt. of High Ercall, who -was knighted by King James the First, at Theobalds, and, in 1642, in -consequence of his unswerving loyalty to King Charles the First, created -Baron Newport. Sir Richard married Rachel, daughter of Sir John Leveson, -Kt. of Haling, or Halington, County Kent, and sister to Sir Richard -Leveson of Trentham, County Stafford, Knight of the Bath. Francis was -the first born of a large family, and began public life at an early age, -being chosen to represent the borough of Shrewsbury in Parliament, a few -days after he had attained his majority. He was one of the few members -(fifty-six in number) who had the courage to vote for the acquittal of -Lord Strafford, a proceeding which brought down on the heads of the -so-called ‘Straffordians’ both insult and obloquy. He followed in the -footsteps of his father, declared for the Royal cause in the unhappy -differences between Charles and his Parliament, and was soon expelled -the House of Commons as a ‘malignant.’ He took arms in the Royal army, -and did gallant service in the field, till he was made prisoner at -Oswestry, when that town was taken by the Earl of Denbigh and Colonel -Mytton. At the time of the insurrection in North Wales, Francis Newport -proved himself a zealous friend to Charles the Second, and as powerful -as he was zealous. He was also engaged in the unsuccessful siege of -Shrewsbury, which town, in the beginning of the ensuing year, was once -more in the hands of the Royalists. On this occasion, as we have -mentioned elsewhere, Sir Edward Hyde (Lord Clarendon) was sorely puzzled -as to the respective claims to the Governorship of Shrewsbury, between -Sir Thomas Myddleton, and his friend, Francis Newport. Two months after -the restoration of the King (May 29, 1660), Lord Newport was appointed -Lord-Lieutenant and _Custos Rotulorum_ of Shropshire, and later on, by -Charles the Second, Comptroller and Treasurer of the Household, and a -Privy Councillor. In 1674 he was advanced to the title of Viscount -Newport of Bradford, County Salop, and, on the accession of James the -Second, his lordship was continued in all his former offices for a time, -but he was a true patriot, and the arbitrary and unconstitutional -measures of the new King called forth in him a vigorous opposition. So -open was he in the expression of his political opinions that he was not -only superseded in all his offices at Court, but was also removed from -the Lord-Lieutenancy of Shropshire, which was given up to the unworthy -hands of the Lord Chancellor Jefferies. He upheld the cause of religion -at the trial of the seven Bishops, and, being a firm Protestant, he -voted for the succession of the Prince and Princess of Orange. On the -day that William and Mary were proclaimed, Lord Newport was reinstated -in his posts in the Royal Household and his Lord-Lieutenancy of -Shropshire, in all of which offices he continued until he attained the -age of eighty-four, when they devolved on his son. In 1694 he was -created Earl of Bradford, and on the accession of Queen Anne again sworn -of the Privy Council. Lord Newport was an object of special dislike to -James the Second, as we find from one of the ex-King’s declarations -(respecting a projected descent upon England), that this nobleman would -certainly be debarred from all hope of pardon. Lord Bradford died at -Twickenham in his eighty-ninth year, and was buried at Wroxeter, near -his country house of Eyton, in Shropshire, where a marble monument on -the south wall of the chancel bears a long inscription to his memory. It -was written of him that ‘at the time of his death, he was the most -venerable character of any nobleman in England, on account of his -virtues, and the unblemished honour with which he had filled every -station of life. Equally a friend to the clergy and to the poor, having -enlarged the endowments of several poor vicarages, and erected a -charitable foundation at Ercall for the support of the needy.’ King -William had so great a regard for the Earl of Bradford, that he paid him -a visit, and honoured him with his presence at dinner on his eightieth -birthday. He married Lady Diana Russell, daughter of the fourth Earl of -Bedford, by whom he had a large family, five dying in their infancy; and - -Richard, second Earl of Bradford; - -Francis, who died unmarried; - -Thomas, a Commissioner of the Customs in the reigns of William and Mary, -and Queen Anne, who, in the first year of George the First was made a -Lord of the Treasury and raised to the peerage by the title of Baron -Torrington of Torrington, County Devon, and sworn of the Privy Council. -He was also at the time of his death a Teller of the Exchequer. He had -three wives: first, Lucy, daughter of Sir Edward Atkyns, Lord Chief -Justice of the Exchequer in the time of James the Second; second, -Penelope, daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman of Ridley, County Chester, -Bart., who died in 1705; third, Anne, daughter of Robert Pierrepoint of -Nottingham, Esq., son of Francis Pierrepoint, and grandson of Robert, -Earl of Kingston. He died the 27th of May 1719, in the sixty-fifth year -of his age (when his title became extinct), and lies buried at Wroxeter -with Anne, his third wife, who survived him many years, and died on the -7th February 1734. - - - ------- - - - No. 12. LADY WILBRAHAM. - - _Pale yellow dress. Grey drapery. Pointing to a tulip._ - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - -ELIZABETH, daughter and sole heir of Edward Mytton, Esq. of -Weston-under-Lizard, which place he inherited through females from the -ancient possessors. She married Sir Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, Bart., -by whom she had three daughters, co-heiresses, who each inherited a -large property, both landed and funded, from both parents. They were, -Charlotte, wife of Sir Thomas Myddleton of Chirk Castle; Mary, Countess -of Bradford; and Grace, Countess of Dysart. - - - ------- - - - No. 13. SIR THOMAS WILBRAHAM, BART. - - _Red coat. Blue mantle._ - - BY VERELST. - - -THE family of Wilbraham, or, as it was formerly written, Wilburgham, -derived its name from a manor in Cambridgeshire, where it was settled in -the reign of Henry the Second. They afterwards removed to Cheshire, -where they became much respected and very influential. The subject of -the present notice was the son of Sir Thomas Wilbraham, of Woodhey, -County Chester, by the daughter of Sir Roger Wilbraham of Bridgemoor, in -the same county. He married the daughter and sole heir of Edward Mytton, -Esq., of Weston-under-Lizard, by whom he had three daughters, -co-heiresses. The direct male line of a very ancient Cheshire family -ended in the person of Sir Thomas Wilbraham. - - - ------- - - - No. 14. SIR JOHN BRIDGEMAN, THIRD BARONET. - - _As a youth. Blue and gold dress._ - - DIED 1747. - - BY VICTOR. - - -HE was the son of Sir John Bridgeman, second baronet (the only son of -the Lord-Keeper by his ‘first venter,’ so runs an old biography), by the -daughter and co-heir of George Cradock of Carsewell, County Stafford. He -was the eldest surviving of many children, and married Ursula, daughter -and sole heir of Roger Matthews of Blodwell, County Salop; by whom he -had a large family, both sons and daughters, of whom only two survived, -namely, Orlando, his successor, and a daughter, married to Hugh -Williams, Esq. - - - ------- - - - _No._ 15. FAMILY GROUP. - -HENRY BRIDGEMAN, _first Lord Bradford_; _yellow dress, hat and -feathers_. LADY BRADFORD, _in green_. _The eldest daughter in a pink -gown, playing the harpsichord._ _Her sister in a white gown, playing the -harp._ ORLANDO _in red_. JOHN _in blue_. GEORGE _sitting on the step -near the pianoforte_. - - BY PINE. - - SIR HENRY BRIDGEMAN, BART., FIRST BARON BRADFORD. - - BORN 1725, DIED 1800. - - -THE eldest surviving son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, by Lady Anne Newport, -daughter of the second Earl of Bradford. He sat in Parliament for many -years, and in 1794 was advanced to the Peerage, as Baron Bradford of -Bradford, County Salop. He married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John -Simpson, Esq., by whom he had a large family. His wife, three sons, and -two daughters are represented in this group, namely, Orlando, his -successor, John (Bridgeman Simpson), George, Rector of Wigan. The -daughters married Henry Greswolde Lewis of Malvern Hall, Esq., and Sir -George William Gunning, Bart. - - - ------- - - - No. 16. THE HONOURABLE MRS. GUNNING. - - _White lace cap, and fichu._ - - BORN 1764, DIED 1810. - - BY HOPPNER. - - -SHE was the younger daughter of Henry Bridgeman, first Lord Bradford, by -Miss Simpson; married in 1794 George William, only son of Sir Robert -Gunning of Horton, County North Hants, by whom she had several children. - - - ------- - - - No. 17. ELIZABETH, WIFE OF JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER. - - _Black dress. Cap._ - - DIED 1636. - - AFTER JANSEN. - - -SHE was the daughter of Dr. Helyar, Canon of Exeter and Archdeacon of -Barnstaple, of an ancient family in Somersetshire. She married John -Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, famed alike for his piety and his loyalty, -by whom she was the mother of five sons:—1. Sir Orlando, afterwards -Lord-Keeper; 2. Dove, Prebendary of the Cathedral Church of Chester; 3. -Henry, Dean of Chester; 4. Sir James, Knight; 5. Richard, a merchant in -Amsterdam, whose grand-daughter married her kinsman, Orlando Bridgeman, -fourth son of the second Baronet, and grandson of the Lord-Keeper. - -Mrs. Bridgeman was buried in Chester Cathedral. - - - ------- - - - No. 19. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQUIRE. - - _Black coat. Blue overcoat on left arm. Long black wig._ - - BORN 1671, DIED 1721. - - BY DAHL. - - -HE was the fifth son of Sir John Bridgeman, second Baronet, by Mary, -daughter of George Cradock, Esquire, of Carsewell Castle, County -Stafford. Orlando was M.P. for Wigan, and married his cousin Katherine, -daughter of William Bridgeman, Esquire of Coombes, Secretary to the -Admiralty. - - - ------- - - - No. 20. CHARLOTTE BRIDGEMAN. - - _As a child. In a white frock. With an Italian greyhound._ - - BORN 1761, DIED 1802. - - -DAUGHTER of Henry, first Lord Bradford, afterwards the Honourable Mrs. -Greswolde Lewis. - - - ------- - - - No. 21. VISCOUNTESS TORRINGTON. - - _Brown gown. Black mob cap._ - - BORN 1744, DIED 1792. - - BY GAINSBOROUGH. - - -SHE was the daughter of John Boyle, Earl of Cork and Orrery, by his -second wife, Margaret Hamilton of Caledon, County Tyrone. She married, -in 1765, George, fourth Viscount Torrington, by whom she had four -daughters—Lady John Russell, the Countess of Bradford, the Marchioness -of Bath, and Emily, married to Henry, eldest son of Lord Robert Seymour. - - - ------- - - - No. 22. LIONEL TOLLEMACHE, SECOND EARL OF DYSART. - - _Brown dress. Wig._ - - BORN 1648, DIED 1727. - - BY RILEY. - - -HE was the son of Sir Lionel Tollemache of Helmingham, County Norfolk, -by Lady Elizabeth Murray, elder daughter and heir of William Murray, -Lord Huntingtower, first Earl of Dysart. These honours were conferred on -William Murray, a member of a younger branch of the house of -Tullibardine by Charles the First, with remainder to heirs male and -female. His eldest daughter, Elizabeth, married Sir Lionel Tollemache, -and succeeded her father as Countess of Dysart in her own right, having -obtained from Charles the Second, in 1670, a confirmation of her -honours, with a clause in the charter allowing her to nominate any one -of her children she pleased as her heir. After the death of Sir Lionel -Tollemache, his widow married the Duke of Lauderdale, and dying in 1697 -was succeeded by her eldest son, Sir Lionel Tollemache, as Lord -Huntingtower and Earl of Dysart. He was M.P. for Orford in 1678 and -1685, and represented the County of Suffolk until he was incapacitated -from sitting in the House by the passing of the Act of Union with -Scotland. He had declined an English barony upon the accession of Queen -Anne. He married, in 1680, Grace, daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas -Wilbraham, by whom he had a son and two daughters. The eldest son, who -married Miss Cavendish, died _v.p._, and their son succeeded his -grandfather as Earl of Dysart. - - - ------- - - - No. 23. PORTRAIT OF A YOUNG LADY. UNKNOWN. - - BY MRS. BEALE. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - CIRCULAR STAIRCASE. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - CIRCULAR STAIRCASE. - - - ------- - - - No. 1. HENRY RICH, EARL OF HOLLAND. - - _Cuirass. White sleeves embroidered in gold. Lace collar. Belt over - right, - Ribbon over left shoulder._ - - EXECUTED 1649. - - BY H. STONE. - - -THE second son of Robert Rich, first Earl of Warwick, by Lady Penelope -Devereux, daughter of Walter, Earl of Essex. He went to France and -Holland in his youth, and returning to England appeared at Court, where -he attracted the notice and favour of George, Duke of Buckingham, who -was then all-powerful with King James the First. It appears to have been -through Buckingham’s intervention that he married the rich heiress of -Sir John Cope of Kensington, of which place Rich shortly bore the title -of Baron. He also held offices at Court about the King’s person, and -that of Henry Prince of Wales; was made Earl of Holland, Knight of the -Garter, Privy Councillor, and sent Ambassador to negotiate the marriage -of Prince Charles, first in Spain and afterwards in France. On the -latter occasion it was rumoured that his beauty and courtliness made a -deep impression on the heart of his future Queen, Henrietta Maria. -Clarendon says of him that ‘he was of a lovely and winning presence, and -genteel conversation.’ He also accompanied the Duke of Buckingham to -Holland on a diplomatic mission. On the first breaking out of an -insurrection of the Scots, he was made General of the Horse, and though -not in arms at the commencement of the Civil War, when evil days fell on -the King, Lord Holland joined him with many other loyal noblemen, and on -his being appointed General of the Royal army, numbers flocked to ask -commissions from him. In 1648, after many fluctuations of fortune, he -was pursued and taken prisoner near St. Neot’s in Huntingdonshire, -whence he was conveyed to Warwick House, and finally to the Tower, and a -High Court of Justice was appointed to sit for the trial of the Earl of -Holland, the Duke of Hamilton, and other Peers. He was in ill-health at -the time, and when examined answered little, ‘as a man who would rather -receive his life from their favour than from the strength of his -defence.’ He was condemned, however, in spite of the influence of his -brother, the Earl of Warwick, and the exertions of the Presbyterian -party. There was not a large majority against him, but Cromwell, it -would appear, disliked him extremely, and accordingly on the 9th of -March 1649, Lord Holland suffered death immediately after the Duke of -Hamilton. - -Spent by long sickness, he addressed but few words to the people, -recommending them with his last breath to uphold the King’s government -and the established religion. - -He left four sons and five daughters. Robert, the eldest, succeeded to -his father’s honours, and likewise to the Earldom of Warwick on the -death of his uncle in 1672. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. FRANCIS NEWPORT, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Blue dress. Long wig._ - - DIED 1708, AGED 88. - - AFTER DAHL. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. HENRI DE LA TOUR D’AUVERGNE, MARSHAL TURENNE. - - _Brown dress. Armour._ - - BORN 1611, KILLED IN ACTION 1675. - - -THE second son of the Duke de Bouillon, by Elizabeth of Nassau, daughter -of William the Silent and Charlotte de Montpensier. His father being one -of the chief Calvinist leaders, brought up his two sons, the Prince de -Sedan and the Vicomte de Turenne, in the most rigid tenets of that -party. From early childhood young Turenne had set his heart on becoming -a soldier, and many interesting anecdotes are recorded of his boyish -enthusiasm. His military exploits, his daring gallantry and skill as a -commander, have made his name world-renowned, and the battles that he -won, the wonderful vicissitudes of his career, both political and -military, belong to the pages of European history. - -He was killed by a stray shot at the beginning of an engagement with the -Imperialist troops near the village of Salzbach. His death was deeply -deplored by his soldiery, of whom he was the idol, and caused general -consternation in Paris. Madame de Sévigné in one of her letters gives a -most graphic account of the effect produced by the news of his death at -Court, which, for a time, suspended the usual routine of festivity. - - -[Illustration] - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - EAST STAIRCASE. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - EAST STAIRCASE. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. LORD LYNEDOCH. - - _Black coat. Fur collar. White waistcoat. Cutlass under left arm._ - - DIED 1843. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -THOMAS GRAHAM of Balgowan, created Baron Lynedoch in 1814, having -distinguished himself by his services in the Peninsular War, more -especially at the victory of Barossa, in 1811. He married, in 1774, the -Honourable Mary Cathcart, daughter of Charles, ninth Lord Cathcart, who -died in 1792. They had no children, and on the death of Lord Lynedoch, -the title became extinct, and the estate of Balgowan devolved upon his -kinsman, Robert Graham, Esq. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN. - - _Pale grey and green dress. Holding a nosegay. Red curtains._ - - - ------- - - - No. 6. GEORGE A. F. H. BRIDGEMAN, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS SECOND - EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Brown coat. Fur collar. White neckcloth._ - - BORN 1789, DIED 1865. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the son of the first Earl of Bradford of the Bridgeman family, by -the Hon. Lucy Byng. He married as his first wife, in 1818, Georgina, -only daughter of Sir Thomas Moncreiffe, Bart., of Moncreiffe, by whom he -had Orlando George, his successor, the present Earl; the Hon. and Rev. -George Bridgeman, rector of Wigan; the Hon. and Rev. John Bridgeman, -rector of Weston; and four daughters. Lady Bradford died in 1842, and -the Earl married, secondly, Helen, widow of Sir David Moncreiffe, Bart., -and daughter of Æneas Mackay, Esq. of Scotston, Peebles. She died in -1869. - -Without taking an active part in politics, his principles were those of -a staunch Conservative. He was an excellent landlord, and took delight -in enlarging and improving his property. In his family he was beloved; -in his household highly respected. He wrote a book entitled _Letters -from Portugal, Spain, and Sicily_, when he travelled to those countries, -accompanied by Lord John Russell and the Hon. Robert Clive, in 1812. -This volume was privately printed in 1875 by his son, the present Earl, -and showed him to have been a man of culture and refinement of taste, -more especially in points of art and literature. In both branches he -distinguished himself as a collector. The Vicar of Tong, who had known -Lord Bradford intimately for upwards of twenty years, in a speech made -at a public dinner, speaks in the highest terms of his deceased patron, -of his unaffected piety and of his profound sense of justice, and holds -him up as an example to the surviving generation. - - - ------- - - - No. 7. MARQUESS OF DALHOUSIE. - - _Black coat. Ribbon. Order of the Thistle, and Star._ - - BORN 1812, DIED 1860. - - BY CLARK AFTER SIR J. WATSON GORDON. - - -JAMES ANDREW RAMSAY was the third but eldest surviving son of George, -ninth Earl of Dalhousie, by Christian, daughter of Charles Broun, Esq. -of Colstoun, Haddingtonshire. He married, in 1836, Lady Susan Georgiana, -daughter of George, Marquess of Tweeddale, and by her (who died on her -voyage home from India in 1853) had two daughters. Lord Dalhousie was -appointed Governor-General of India in 1847, and retained that office -till 1856. He was created Marquess of Dalhousie of Dalhousie Castle, and -of the Punjab, for his eminent services in 1849. - -On his death in 1860, the Marquessate became extinct, and he was -succeeded in the Earldom by his cousin. - - - ------- - - - No. 8. ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD AND PRESENT EARL OF - BRADFORD. - - _Full-length. Black velvet coat. Blue tie. Boots and spurs. Riding-whip. - Black retriever at his feet. Background landscape._ - - BORN 1819. - - BY SIR FRANCIS GRANT. - - - ------- - - - No. 13. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. - - _Oval. Dark cloak. White neckcloth._ - - BORN 1769, DIED 1852. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -THE Iron Duke, the hero of the Peninsular War and Waterloo, warrior, -patriot, statesman. His biography belongs to the annals of his country. - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - BEDROOMS. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BEDROOM A. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. - - _Red dress, embroidered. Pearls and cross. Jewels in her hair._ - - AFTER ZUCCHERO. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. MARY YATES. - -_An old woman in a white cap looking out of an oval stone window. She - holds a board on which is inscribed ‘Mary Yates, aged 127 years. - Born at Wheaton Aston, in Staffordshire. She enjoyed her senses till - her death, but she was helpless five years before she died, which - was in August 1776. G.B.I._’ ‘_Colombo pinxit._’ - - - ------- - - - No. 7. ELIZABETH, LADY BRADFORD. - - _In crayons. Seated in a landscape. Red habit. Blue waistcoat. - With a little dog beside her._ - - DIED 1806. - - -SHE was the daughter and heir of the Rev. John Simpson, and married in -1755 Sir Henry Bridgeman, afterwards created in 1794 Baron Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 8. HENRY, LORD BRADFORD. - - _Blue coat. White vest. Powder. Black retriever. In crayons._ - - DIED 1800. - - -HE was the only son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman by Lady Ann Newport. In Sir -Henry’s person the title of Bradford was revived, he being, in 1794, -created Baron Bradford. He married Elizabeth Simpson, who survived him, -and had by her four sons. - - - ------- - - - No. 10. LUCY BYNG, DOWAGER COUNTESS OF BRADFORD. - - _Crayons. A head. She wears a bonnet, with her hair in curls._ - - DIED 1844. - - BY SIR WILLIAM ROSS. - - -SHE was the daughter of George Byng, fourth Viscount Torrington, by Lady -Lucy Boyle. She married, in 1788, Orlando Bridgeman, afterwards first -Earl of Bradford, who died in 1825. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. HAMET BEN HAMET. - - _In Oriental costume._ - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - - ------- - - - No. 13. HON. MRS. BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON. - - _High white dress and blue sash. Powder. Large hat._ - - DIED 1791. - - -SHE was the only daughter of Sir Thomas Worsley of Appuldercombe, Isle -of Wight, and married, in 1784, the Hon, John Bridgeman (son of Henry, -the first Baron Bradford), who had assumed the surname of Simpson in -right of his mother, and had three children—a son and daughter who died -young, and Henrietta, heiress of her uncle, Sir Richard Worsley. -Henrietta married Lord Yarborough. - - - ------- - - - No. 14. SIR THOMAS MONCREIFFE, SEVENTH BARONET, AND HIS SISTER. - - _Two children seated. The girl’s arm round her brother’s neck. - Background, - landscape. White dress. Blue sash. Holding flowers._ - - BORN 1822, DIED 1879. - - BY SIR WILLIAM ROSS. - - -HE was the son of Sir David Moncreiffe, sixth Baronet, by Helen, -daughter of Æneas Mackay, Esq. of Scotston, and succeeded to his father -as seventh baronet in 1830. Sir Thomas married, in 1843, Lady Louisa -Hay, daughter of the tenth Earl of Kinnoull, by whom he had a very large -family. - -His sister Helen married, in 1844, Edmund Wright, Esq. of Halston, -Shropshire, and died in 1874. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BEDROOM B. - - - ------- - - - _No._ 1. THE QUEEN (WHOM GOD PRESERVE!). - - _Half-length. Black dress. White cap._ - - BY J. BLAKE WIRGMAN. - - -PAINTED at Osborne by Her Majesty’s special permission for the Earl of -Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. CAPTAIN THOMAS MORTIMER, ADJUTANT, SHROPSHIRE MILITIA. - - _Red uniform. Gold epaulettes. Grey hair._ - - BY J. WEAVER, 1819. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. - - _Black coat. White waistcoat. Order of the Golden Fleece. Ribbon of - the Garter. The town in the background. Three-quarters length._ - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - - ------- - - - No. 7. COUNTESS OF KINGSTON. - - _Blue dress. Little dog at her feet._ - - BY MRS. BEALE. - - -SHE was the wife of William Pierrepont, fourth Earl of Kingston, and -daughter of Robert, Lord Brooke. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. LORD JOHN RUSSELL. - - _Black dress. Holding a roll._ - - BORN 1792, DIED 1878. - - BY SIR GEORGE HAYTER. - - -HE was the youngest son of Lord John Russell, afterwards sixth Duke of -Bedford, by the Honourable Georgiana Elizabeth Byng. In an able article -in the _Times_ of 1878 mention is thus made of this eminent -statesman:—‘He took an early interest in politics, and by the time he -left college his political faith had crystalised into something very -like that in which he lived, laboured, and died.’ A visit to the -Peninsula, where the star of Wellington was then in the ascendant, -modified his French ideas (he had commenced by being an ardent advocate -of the Revolution in France) and inspired young Russell with such an -admiration for the hero that ever afterwards in the fiercest political -struggle he maintained towards the Duke the attitude and language of -profound admiration. His subsequent career belongs to the history of his -country. He was a zealous upholder of Catholic Emancipation, and in the -cause of Parliamentary Reform was the leading spirit, the draft for the -first Bill of which was drawn up by his own hand. He sat for numerous -constituencies in the House of Commons for a period of forty-seven -years, during many of which he was the leader of the Opposition. He -filled many of the highest offices of State, and was First Lord of the -Treasury from 1846 to 1852. In 1865 he was again at the head of the -Government from which he retired in 1866, having been raised to the -peerage as Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley in 1861, and created a -K.G. - -His first wife was Adelaide, daughter of Thomas Lister of Armitage Park, -widow of the second Lord Ribblesdale (who died in 1838 leaving two -daughters). - -His second wife was Lady Frances Elliot, daughter of Gilbert, second -Earl of Minto, by whom he had three sons and a daughter. - -Lord Russell was an author as well as a statesman, and published several -works political, historical, dramatic, etc. He died at Pembroke Lodge in -Richmond Park. - - - ------- - - - No. 12. THE HONOURABLE HENRY BRIDGEMAN. - - _Crayons. Black gown._ - - BORN 1795, DIED 1872. - - BY SHARPLES. - - -THE son of the first Earl of Bradford. He married in 1820 his first -cousin Louisa, daughter of the Honourable John Bridgeman Simpson. Was a -clergyman of the Church of England, but afterwards embraced the -Irvingite doctrine. - - - ------- - - - No. 15. THE REV. LEONARD CHAPPELOW. - - _In pastel. An old gentleman seated on a rock with a stick and book. - Wears his hat._ - - BY SHARPLES. - -HE was chaplain to Henry, Lord Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 16. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQ., SON OF SIR HENRY, WHO WAS AFTERWARDS - CREATED LORD BRADFORD. - - _In pastel. Blue coat. Buff waistcoat._ - - - ------- - - - No. 17. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Seated. Black coat. White waistcoat. Right hand in his bosom._ - - Painted in 1822. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BEDROOM C. - - - ------- - - - No. 8. MARIE ANNE CHRISTINE, PRINCESS OF BAVARIA. - - _Low grey dress, cut square, trimmed with lace. Black head-dress - and white feather. Necklace and earrings._ - - BORN 1660, DIED 1690. - - BY DE TROYES. - - -DAUGHTER of Ferdinand, Elector of Bavaria. Born at Munich. Negotiations -being set on foot for the marriage of this Princess with the Dauphin of -France, King Louis the Fourteenth sent De Troyes to paint a portrait of -her, and likewise a confidential envoy to give some description of his -future daughter-in-law. The report was satisfactory; for although not a -real beauty, Maria Christina possessed great perfection of form, and was -lively and agreeable. She was united to Louis, Dauphin of France, in -1680, at Châlons-sur-Marne, where the French court repaired to do honour -to the nuptials. Anxious to find favour in the eyes of her -father-in-law, she perfectly succeeded in the attempt, for the King -found her very accomplished, well-informed, of great conversational -powers, and wonderfully ready at repartee, while her easy, -unconstrained, though refined manners surprised the court of the Louvre. -The only drawback to the bride’s popularity was her love of quiet and -retirement; and after the festivities attending the celebration of the -marriage were concluded, the Dauphine evinced her predilection for a -small and intimate coterie, and the propensity to yield too implicitly -to the influence of one of her Bavarian ladies, which caused some -jealousy. Her time was fully occupied by reading and devotional -exercises. The King strove in vain to wean her from pursuits which -tended to seclusion from the world; but, finding his attempts useless, -he no longer thwarted her inclinations. The Dauphine was very ill at the -time of the birth of her third son, the Duc de Berry, and never -recovered her health. When she felt her end approaching, she sent for -the child, whom she embraced tenderly and blessed, concluding with these -touching words: ‘C’est de bon cœur quoique tu me coutes bien cher.’ She -also took a tender leave of her eldest son, the Duc de Bourgogne (father -of Louis XV.). Louis the Fourteenth sat by the deathbed of his -daughter-in-law, and when advised to withdraw, he said, ‘No; it is -better I should see how my equals die;’ and he spoke some admonitory -words in the same strain to the Dauphin, who was also present, on the -transitory nature of earthly grandeur. The Dauphine’s funeral oration -was preached by Fléchier, and considered a _chef-d’œuvre_. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BEDROOM D. - - - ------- - - - _Nos_. 1 _and_ 2. - -PORTRAITS OF ORLANDO G. C., VISCOUNT NEWPORT (PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF -BRADFORD), AND SELINA, HIS WIFE. - - _Crayons. Modern dress. Turquoise necklace. Diamonds in her hair._ - - BOTH BY JAMES SWINTON, ESQ. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - BEDROOM E. - - - ------- - - - No. 3. THE QUEEN (WHOM GOD PRESERVE!). - - _In an evening dress, pale blue and red. Tiara, necklace, and earrings. - Red ribbon. Gold jewelled chain._ - - BY CLARKE AFTER WINTERHALTER. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - MINIATURES. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - MINIATURES. - -[Only those that can be identified are named here, as there are several -on the lids of snuff-boxes and elsewhere of which we cannot trace the -originals.] - -Five Miniatures in one frame which were given to the Earl of Bradford by -Mr. Shirley in 1868. - - - ------- - - - _1_. MISS WORSLEY, HEIRESS OF APPULDERCOMBE. - - _In powder._ - -She was the first wife of the Honourable John Bridgeman Simpson. - - - ------- - - 2. THE HONOURABLE LUCY BYNG. - - _Reading._ - -She was wife of the first Earl of Bradford. - - - ------- - - - 3. THE HONOURABLE LUCY BYNG. - - _With a lace veil on her head._ - - - ------- - - - 4. JOSEPHINE, EMPRESS OF THE FRENCH. - - _In a medallion._ - - - ------- - - - 5. ELIZABETH, LADY BRADFORD. - - _White dress. Pearl necklace. Powder. On a snuff-box._ - -She was the wife of Henry Bridgeman, first Lord Bradford. - - - ------- - - - 6. THE HON. ELIZABETH BRIDGEMAN, - - AFTERWARDS MRS. GUNNING. - -Left by Sir George Gunning to the Countess of Bradford. - - - ------- - - - 7. MRS. SALKEN. - - - ------- - - - 8. ALEXANDER II., CZAR OF RUSSIA. - - BORN 1818, MURDERED 1881. - - _On the lid of a snuff-box._ - -Presented by the Emperor to the third Earl of Bradford, when Master of -the Horse in May 1874. - - - ------- - - - 9. LADY JOHN RUSSELL, SECOND DAUGHTER OF VISCOUNT TORRINGTON. - - - ------- - - - 10. THE SAME. - - _Her hair powdered._ - - - ------- - - - 11. HON. LUCY BYNG, COUNTESS OF BRADFORD. - -On a brooch which belonged to her sister, Mrs. Seymour, and was given to -the Earl of Bradford by Lady Charles Russell, _née_ Seymour. - - - ------- - - - 12. HON. O. G. C. BRIDGEMAN WHEN TWO YEARS OLD. - - PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD. - - BY VISCOUNTESS NEWPORT AFTER ANTHONY STEWART. - - - ------- - - - 13. HON. GEORGE BYNG. - - _Small oval._ - - DIED AN INFANT. - -The son of the fourth Viscount Torrington by Lady Lucy Boyle. - - - ------- - - - 14. THE HON. ORLANDO AND MRS. BRIDGEMAN, - - AFTERWARDS FIRST EARL AND COUNTESS OF - BRADFORD. - - _On a snuff-box._ - - - - - 15. - - JOHN BOYLE, FIFTH EARL OF CORK AND ORRERY. - - - ------- - - - 16. MR. CHAPPELOW, AFTERWARDS CHAPLAIN TO THE EARL OF BRADFORD. - - AGED 18. - - _Trencher-cap and college gown._ - - - ------- - - - 17. WILLIAM THE FIRST, EMPEROR OF GERMANY. - - _On a snuff-box._ - -Presented by the Crown Prince to the third Earl of Bradford, when Master -of the Horse in 1879. - - - ------- - - - 18. THE HON. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, - - AFTERWARDS FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - - ------- - - - 19. A LADY MARKED AS ‘MOTHER OF MARY SCOTT.’ - - Presented to the Earl of Bradford in 1844 by Mrs. Scott. - - - ------- - - - 20. LADY LUCY BRIDGEMAN, - - DAUGHTER OF EDMUND BOYLE, EARL OF CORK AND ORRERY. - - _Black silhouette._ - - - ------- - - - _21_. HON. AND REV. GEORGE BRIDGEMAN, - - SON OF THE FIRST LORD BRADFORD, AND HUSBAND OF - THE PRECEDING. - - - ------- - - - 22. GEORGE BYNG, FOURTH VISCOUNT TORRINGTON. - - _A circular miniature._ - - - ------- - - - 23. LADY LUCY WHITMORE, DAUGHTER OF ORLANDO - - FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD, BY THE HON. LUCY BYNG. - Married W. Whitmore, Esq. of Dudmaston, Co. Salop. - - - ------- - - - 24. GENERAL VANDERNERCK. - - - ------- - - - 25. HON. MRS. BRIDGEMAN AND LADY JOHN RUSSELL. - - _In one case._ - -The Honourable Lucy and the Honourable Georgiana Byng—daughters of Lord -Torrington—the former afterwards Countess of Bradford, to whom the -miniatures were bequeathed by the Duke of Bedford. - - - ------- - - - 26. GEORGINA ELIZABETH, - - WIFE OF THE SECOND - EARL OF BRADFORD (_née_ MONCREIFFE). - - PAINTED BY SIR W. ROSS. - - - ------- - - -27. THE TWO ELDEST CHILDREN OF THE SECOND EARL AND COUNTESS OF BRADFORD. - - BY MISS MAGDALEN ROSS, 1828. - - - ------- - - - 28. GEORGE IV., KING OF ENGLAND. - - BY BONE, AFTER SIR THOS. LAWRENCE. - -Belonged to the Marquis Conyngham, after whose death it was given to the -present Earl of Bradford by Lady Elizabeth Bryan. - - - ------- - - - _29_. THE HON. MRS. PELHAM, - -DAUGHTER OF THE HON. BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON, AND WIFE OF CHARLES, AFTERWARDS - FIRST EARL OF YARBOROUGH. - - - ------- - - - 30. VISCOUNT NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD. - - 1818. BY ENGLEHART. - - - ------- - - - 31. GEORGINA ELIZABETH, VISCOUNTESS NEWPORT, WIFE OF THE ABOVE. - - BY CHARLOTTE JONES. - - - ------- - - - _32_. SELINA LOUISA, VISCOUNTESS NEWPORT, - - WIFE OF THE PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Full-length miniature._ - - BY THORBURN. - - - ------- - - - 33. HON. ISABELLA BYNG, AFTERWARDS MARCHIONESS OF BATH. - - _In a white satin case._ - -Given to the Countess of Bradford, on her marriage, by the Marquis of -Bath. - - - ------- - - - 34. NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE. - - _A medallion._ - - - ------- - - - 35. HON. LUCY BYNG, WIFE OF THE FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Small miniature mounted on a red snuff-box._ - - - ------- - - - 36. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. - - _A medallion._ - - - ------- - - - 37. GEORGINA ELIZABETH, WIFE OF THE SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD. - - AFTER SIR WILLIAM ROSS. - - - ------- - - - 38. GENERAL THE HON. JAMES RAMSAY. - - BY MISS G. E. MONCREIFFE. - - - ------- - - - 39. MRS. HENRY TIGHE. - - BY MRS. KENYON. - - - ------- - - - 40. HON. LUCY BYNG, - - AFTERWARDS WIFE OF THE FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD. - - - ------- - - - 41. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, LORD-KEEPER. - - _From a portrait at Chirk Castle._ - - BY MISS CAROLINE BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - LORD BRADFORD’S BEDROOM. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - LORD BRADFORD’S BEDROOM. - - ------- - - -TWO SKETCHES OF LORD ALBERT CONYNGHAM, AFTERWARDS FIRST LORD - LONDESBOROUGH, WITH HIS SECOND WIFE. - - HE WAS BORN 1805, DIED 1860. - SHE DIED 1883. - - TWO SKETCHES IN OILS BY FRANCIS GRANT, AFTERWARDS SIR FRANCIS, _P._R.A. - - _Design for a large Picture._ - - -HE was the second surviving son of Henry, first Marquis Conyngham, by -Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph Denison, Esq. of Denbies, County Surrey. -Having succeeded to the large estates and fortunes of his maternal -uncle, Lord Albert Conyngham assumed the surname and arms of Denison, -and was elevated to the peerage by the title of Baron Londesborough. He -married, first, in 1833, the Honourable Henrietta Maria Forester, fourth -daughter of the first Baron Forester, who died in 1841. Lord -Londesborough married, secondly, Ursula, daughter of Admiral the -Honourable Charles Bridgeman, who became the wife of Lord Otho -Fitzgerald. - - - ------- - - - THE THREE SONS OF GEORGE, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF - BRADFORD. - - _With rocking-horse._ - - BY CALDERON, IN HIS VERY EARLY DAYS. - -GEORGE C. O. BRIDGEMAN, present Viscount Newport. Born 1845; married, -1869, Lady Ida Lumley, daughter of the ninth Earl of Scarborough. Was in -the Life Guards from 1864 till 1867. Was elected M.P. for the Northern -Division of Shropshire from 1867 to 1885. - -HONOURABLE FRANCIS BRIDGEMAN; born 1846; married, in 1883, Gertrude, -daughter of George Hanbury, Esq. of Blythewood. Is in the Scots Guards, -and M.P. for Bolton. - -HONOURABLE GERALD BRIDGEMAN; born 1847; Lieutenant in Rifle Brigade. -Died 1870. - - - ------- - - - LADIES SARAH AND CLEMENTINA VILLIERS. - - BY CHALON. - - -THE daughters of the fifth Earl of Jersey, by Lady Sarah Fane, daughter -of the tenth Earl of Westmoreland. Lady Sarah married, in 1842, Prince -Nicholas Esterhazy, and died in 1853. Lady Clementina died in 1858. - - - ------- - - - CHARLOTTE, LADY SUFFIELD. - - _In crayons._ - - DIED 1859. - - BY SLATER. - - -SHE was the only daughter of Alan Hyde, second Lord Gardner. Married, in -1835, Edward Vernon, fourth Baron Suffield, by whom she had no children. - - - ------- - - - LADY MABEL BRIDGEMAN. - - BY E. CLIFFORD. - - -THE eldest daughter of the third and present Earl of Bradford. Married -in 1887 to Colonel Kenyon-Slaney, Grenadier Guards, M.P. for Newport -Division of Shropshire. - - - ------- - - - HON. G. C. O. BRIDGEMAN, THE PRESENT - VISCOUNT NEWPORT (1888). - - BORN 1845. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - LADY BRADFORD’S ANTEROOM AND SITTING-ROOM. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - LADY BRADFORD’S ANTEROOM. - - - ------- - - - LADY ALBERT CONYNGHAM. - - DIED IN 1841. - - BY FRANCIS GRANT. - - -THE Hon. Henrietta Forester, married to Lord Albert Conyngham, -afterwards Lord Londesborough, as his first wife. - - - ------- - - - QUEEN VICTORIA INVESTING THE SULTAN WITH THE ORDER OF THE GARTER ON - BOARD THE ROYAL YACHT. - - BY G. THOMAS. - - -THIS picture was painted by permission of the Queen for Lord Bradford, -who as Lord Chamberlain assisted at the ceremony. Mr. Thomas painted the -same subject in a large picture for the Queen, and he died before he had -finished this replica. - -The Queen wished to confer the Order of the Garter upon the Sultan -without any previous notice, and the Lord Chamberlain was commissioned -to borrow the Insignia from two of the Princes, K.G.s, who were on -board. This he did by procuring the Blue Ribbon and George from Prince -Arthur, and the Star from Prince Louis of Hesse. After the investiture -the Sultan was told, through his interpreter, that the Queen had ordered -more costly Insignia on purpose for His Imperial Majesty, and that as -soon as these were ready they should be exchanged for those employed -to-day. Upon which, without a moment’s hesitation, the Sultan said to -the Lord Chamberlain, through his interpreter, ‘No, no, those which the -Queen has herself placed on me, I will never part from.’ - -We are tempted to insert this anecdote as it has an historical interest, -and one cannot but feel that the Sultan’s speech betokened the chivalry -of a newly dubbed knight. - - - ------- - - - JOHN GEORGE, LORD FORESTER. - - _Black Coat._ - - BY ROTHWELL. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - LADY BRADFORD’S SITTING-ROOM. - - - ------- - - - MARY ISABELLA, DUCHESS OF RUTLAND. - - _Small sketch in colours._ - - DIED 1831. - - BY COSWAY. - - -SHE was the daughter of the fourth Duke of Beaufort, and married, in -1775, Charles, fourth Duke of Rutland. She was remarkable for her -extreme beauty. - - - ------- - - - QUEEN VICTORIA IN ST. GEORGE’S CHAPEL AT THE MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCE OF - WALES. - - BY THOMAS. - - - ------- - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - THE HON. MABEL AND HON. FLORENCE BRIDGEMAN. - - BY A. BLAKELY. - -DAUGHTERS of Viscount Newport, present and third Earl of Bradford. - - - ------- - - - HON. GERALD O. M. BRIDGEMAN. - - BORN 1847, DIED 1870. - - BY LUNDGREN. - - - ------- - - - COUNTESS OF CHESTERFIELD. - - DIED 1885. - - BY MISS CRUICKSHANK, AFTER SIR EDWIN LANDSEER. - - -SHE was the eldest daughter of the first Lord Forester, consequently -sister to the present Countess of Bradford. She married, in 1830, George -Stanhope, sixth Earl of Chesterfield. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - VESTIBULE. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - VESTIBULE. - - - ------- - - - _No_. 1. COUNTESS OF BRADFORD. - - _White satin gown and lace. Yellow rose. Lace tie with jewel. - Lace head-dress._ - - BY CLIFFORD. - - -SELENA LOUISA FORESTER, wife of Orlando G. C. Bridgeman, third Earl of -Bradford. - - - ------- - - - _No._ 2. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN. - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - - ------- - - - _No._ 3. DIANA BRIDGEMAN. - - _Blue low dress. Lace stomacher and sleeves. String of pearls. Black - cap. White feather._ - - DIED 1764. - - BY F. COTES. - - -SHE was the second daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman by Lady Anne -Newport. She married John Sawbridge, Esq. of Ollantigh, County Kent. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. LADY MYDDLETON. - - _Blue dress. White bodice. Large sleeves._ - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - -SHE was the only daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Lord Chief-Justice, -and married Sir Thomas Myddleton, second Bart. of Chirk, as his second -wife. Her only daughter Charlotte, married, first, Edward, Earl of -Warwick, and secondly, the Right Hon. Joseph Addison, the celebrated -author. - - - ------- - - - No. 5. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN. - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. LADY MARY NEWPORT. - - _Blue dress. Short hair. King Charles’s spaniel._ - - - ------- - - - No. 7. ELIZABETH, WIFE OF HENRY BRIDGEMAN, FIRST BARON BRADFORD. - - BY PINE. - - - ------- - - - No. 10. MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. - - AFTER ZUCCHERO. - - - ------- - - - No. 11. MISTRESS MARY, OR MOLL DAVIES. - - _Golden brown satin gown._ - - BY SIR PETER LELY. - - -IN the reign of Charles the Second, she was a member of the Duke of -York’s troop of comedians, and one of the four female actresses who -boarded at Sir William Davenant’s house. She was on the stage as early -as 1664, in which year she appeared in ‘The Stepmother,’ and afterwards -as Celia in ‘The Rivals,’ an adaptation by Davenant of the ‘Two Noble -Kinsmen.’ Pepys makes frequent mention of her, and was a great admirer -of her talent. He even pits her against Nell Gwynne: ‘Little Mistress -Davies danced a jig at the end of the play in boy’s clothes, far -superior to Nelly’s performance in the same character.’ It is true he -calls her an impertinent slut, but that did not prevent the King from -losing his heart, and my lady Castlemaine from being very jealous, -seeing Charles’s eyes were fixed all the time of the play on Mistress -Moll. But what especially fascinated his Merry Majesty were the wild, -mad, melodious songs she sang, and her wonderful grace and arch -demeanour in dancing. Charles bought and furnished a house for her, and -made her a present of a ring which cost £600, a large sum in those days. -He had a daughter by her, called Mary Tudor, who was born in 1673, and -married a son of Sir Francis Ratcliffe, afterwards Earl of Derwentwater. - - - ------- - - - No. 13. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN. - - BY SIR ANTONIO MORE. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -[Illustration] - - - - - PASSAGE—FIRST FLOOR. - - -[Illustration] - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - PASSAGE—FIRST FLOOR. - - SOUTH WALL. - - - ------- - - - No. 2. MALE PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN. - -_Round black velvet hat. Long hair. Black velvet coat. Brown vest cut - square. Chain and medallion. His right hand on baluster, holding a - paper roll._ - - BY PHILIP DE KONING. - - - ------- - - - No. 4. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQ., AFTERWARDS SECOND BARON AND FIRST EARL - OF BRADFORD, 1815. - - BORN 1762, DIED 1825. - -_As a youth. Light-coloured dress. White under sleeves. Lace collar with - tassels. Long hair. Cloak, same colour as dress, over right - shoulder._ - - - ------- - - - No. 5. GEORGE BYNG, FOURTH VISCOUNT TORRINGTON. - - _As a boy. Buff coat. White collar._ - - DIED 1812. - - BY RAMSAY. - - -THE eldest son of the third Viscount by Miss Daniel. He married in 1765 -the Lady Lucy Boyle, the only daughter of John, Earl of Cork and Orrery, -by whom he had four daughters, the eldest being the Countess of -Bradford. - - - ------- - - - No. 6. SECOND SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FOURTH BARONET. - - _Claret coat. Powder._ - - BY F. COTES. - - - - - NELL GWYNNE. - - _Oval. Purple and white dress. Green and red bow on left shoulder. - Pearl necklet._ - - DIED 1687. - - BY MRS. BEALE. - - -SHE first attracted notice by her beauty and arch demeanour when selling -oranges in the taverns and theatres. She studied acting under the -elocutionists Hart and Lacy, both very much esteemed in the dramatic -profession at the time. Her talents soon made her distinguished on the -stage, but she seldom attempted tragedy. Her sprightliness and grace -soon attracted the attention of the King, and before this period she was -said to have counted the Duke of Buckingham and Lord Dorset among her -admirers. The enemies of the Duchess of Cleveland were glad of an -opportunity of recommending pretty Mistress Nell as a rival to the -haughty beauty, to whom she stood in strange contrast, both in -appearance and good-humour. In 1663 she was still a member of the King’s -company at Drury Lane, and was supposed to have quitted the stage about -1672. Pepys, in speaking of her in 1665, calls her ‘pretty witty Nell,’ -and in 1666 he mentions that he went with his wife to see ‘The Maiden -Queen’ by Dryden, in which there is a comical part taken by Nell that ‘I -never can hope to see the like done again by man or woman.’ Also in the -character of a mad girl and a young gallant, both admirable. But when -she attempted such a part as the Emperor’s daughter, good Samuel -confesses she does it ‘most basely.’ Burnet designates her as the -‘indiscreetest and wildest creature that ever was in a court.’ Charles -gave her a house in Pall Mall, in which we are told there was one room -on the ground-floor of which the walls and ceiling were entirely -composed of looking-glass. An anecdote is given of her, that, on one -occasion when driving in a superb coach up Ludgate Hill, she met some -bailiffs hurrying a clergyman to prison for debt. Inquiring as to the -sum, she paid it on the spot, and later on procured preferment for him. -Her son, afterwards Duke of St. Albans, was born in 1670 before she left -the stage. - -Dryden was a great admirer of pretty Nell, and wrote a prologue for her, -which she spoke under a hat of such enormous dimensions as almost to -conceal her small figure. The audience were convulsed with laughter, and -Charles was almost suffocated. - -Nell called his Majesty _her_ Charles the Third, as she had had two -protectors before who were his namesakes. Although thoughtless and -reckless, she was a good friend to Charles in some respects, urging him -constantly to pay more attention to public affairs, and interceding with -him for objects of charity; she took a great interest in the foundation -of Chelsea Hospital, and persuaded the King to hasten its completion. -‘How am I to please my people?’ he asked of her one day. ‘There is but -one way,’ she replied: ‘dismiss your ladies and attend to your -business:’ neither of which injunctions was obeyed. Nell Gwynne died at -her house in Pall Mall in 1691, having survived the King some years, -who, it will be remembered, in his last moments recommended her to the -care of those who stood beside his bed. Dr. Tenison, afterwards -Archbishop of Canterbury, preached her funeral sermon at the church of -St. Martin’s in the Fields, where she lies buried. There is little doubt -she died a penitent. - - - ------- - - - No. 9. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN. - - BY G. MORPHY. - - - ------- - - - WEST WALL. - - - ------- - - - No. 14. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. - - _Low brown dress. White sleeves. Pearls in her hair. Little - dog in her lap._ - - BY GREENHILL. - - -THIS lady is supposed to be Ursula, wife of Sir John Bridgeman. - - - ------- - - - No. 18. FRANCIS NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS EARL OF BRADFORD. - - _Brown dress. Long hair. Lace cravat._ - - BY SIR GODFREY KNELLER. - - - ------- - - - No. 19. GEORGE FORESTER, ESQUIRE. - - _Hunting dress. Fox’s brush upon table._ - - BORN 1762, DIED 1811. - - -HE was the son of Brook Forester, Esquire, by Elizabeth, daughter and -heir of George Weld, Esquire of Willey Park, County Salop. George -Forester never married, but left his fortune and estates to his cousin, -Cecil Weld Forester, who was raised to the peerage as Baron Forester. - - - ------- - - - No. 20. PORTRAIT OF A GENTLEMAN. UNKNOWN. - - _Red dress. Lace cravat. Short white wig._ - - - ------- - - - No. 21. JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER. - - _Surplice and college cap. Arms of the See of Chester impaling - Bridgeman in a shield above._ - - BORN 1577, DIED 1652. - - BY VAN SOMERS. - - - ------- - - - No. 22. COLONEL KINNEAR. - - _Blue coat. Powder._ - - DIED 1780. - - BY F. COTES. - - HE was Colonel of the 50th Regiment of Foot. - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - INDEX OF PORTRAITS. - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -[Illustration] - - - - - INDEX OF PORTRAITS. - - - ────── - - - _The Page marked in black figures gives the Biographical Notice._ - - ARUNDEL AND SURREY, EARL OF, =124= - - BATH, HON. ISABELLA BYNG, MARCHIONESS OF, 227 - - BAVARIA, PRINCESS OF (MARIA CHRISTINA), =214= - - BEDFORD, FRANCIS RUSSELL, FOURTH EARL OF, =44= - - ... WILLIAM, FIRST DUKE OF, =66= - - BOLEYN, QUEEN ANN, 108 - - BRADFORD, LADY ELIZABETH, =207=, 222, 244 - - ... FRANCIS NEWPORT, FIRST EARL OF, =183=, 197, 253 - - BRADFORD, GEORGE AUGUSTUS F. H. BRIDGEMAN, SECOND EARL OF, =202=, 226 - - ... GEORGINA MONCREIFFE, WIFE OF SECOND EARL OF, 225, 226, 227 - - ... THE TWO ELDEST CHILDREN OF THE SECOND EARL, 226 - - ... HENRY NEWPORT, THIRD EARL OF, =178= - - ... HENRY BRIDGEMAN, FIRST LORD, =208= - - ... ... ... AND FAMILY, 117, 188 - - ... LUCY BYNG, DOWAGER COUNTESS OF, =208=, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 228 - - ... MARY, COUNTESS OF, 168 - - ... ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FIRST EARL OF, =109=, 213, 224, 249 - - ... ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD EARL OF, =119=, 204, 216, - 223, 226 - - ... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL, =232= - - ... RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF, =169= - - ... SELINA LOUISA, COUNTESS OF, =103=, 216, 227, 243 - - BRIDGEMAN, LADY ANNE, =180= - - ... CHARLES, THE HONOURABLE CAPTAIN, R.N., =102= - - ... CHARLOTTE, =190= - - BRIDGEMAN, DIANA, =243= - - ... ELIZABETH, WIFE OF BISHOP JOHN, =189= - - ... ELIZABETH, HONOURABLE, =189=, 222 - - ... FRANCIS, HONOURABLE, 232 - - ... GEORGE, ESQUIRE, =117= - - ... GEORGE, HONOURABLE AND REVEREND, =111=, 225 - - ... GERALD, THE HONOURABLE, =232=, 240 - - ... HENRY, THE HONOURABLE, =212= - - ... JOHN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, =175=, 254 - - ... SIR JOHN, SECOND BARONET, =182= - - ... ... THIRD BARONET, =187= - - ... LUCY, LADY, =224= - - ... MABEL, LADY, =233= - - ... LADIES MABEL AND FLORENCE, =240= - - ... SIR ORLANDO, LORD KEEPER, 18, =170=, 228 - - ... ORLANDO, ESQUIRE, =190= - - ... ... AFTERWARDS FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD, =109=, 213, 224, 249 - - ... ... THE HON. AND WIFE, AFTERWARDS FIRST EARL AND COUNTESS, 223 - - ... ... FOURTH BARONET, =177=, 250 - - ... ... THE HONOURABLE, GRENADIER GUARDS, =101= - - BRIDGEMAN, ORLANDO G. C., THE HON., AS A CHILD, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL - OF BRADFORD, =119= - - ... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD, =232= - - ... URSULA, WIFE OF SIR JOHN, THIRD BARONET, (_Qu._), 252 - - BUONAPARTE, NAPOLEON, EMPEROR OF FRANCE, 107, 227 - - BYNG, HONOURABLE LUCY, =208=, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 228 - - ... ... GEORGE, 223 - - ... HONOURABLE GEORGIANA, 225 - - CAREW, SIR NICHOLAS, =138= - - CARLISLE, COUNTESS OF, AND NIECE, =123= - - CHARLES THE FIRST, KING, =130= - - CHAPPELOW, REVEREND LEONARD, =213= - - ... ... WHEN A YOUTH, 224 - - CHESTER, JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, =175=, 254 - - ... ELIZABETH, WIFE OF, =189= - - CHESTERFIELD, COUNTESS OF, =240= - - CONYNGHAM, LORD ALBERT, 231 - - ... LADY ALBERT, FIRST WIFE, =237= - - ... ... SECOND WIFE, 231 - - CORK AND ORRERY, JOHN BOYLE, FIFTH, EARL OF, =224= - - DALHOUSIE, MARQUESS OF, =203= - - DAVIES, MISTRESS MARY, =245= - - DERBY, EDWARD STANLEY, FOURTEENTH EARL OF, =110= - - DIGBY, SIR KENELM, =141= - - DORMER, LADY ISABELLA, =95= - - DYSART, LIONEL TOLLEMACHE, SECOND EARL OF, =191= - - ... COUNTESS OF, =167= - - ESSEX, THOMAS CROMWELL, EARL OF, =155= - - FEILDING, LADY DIANA, =96= - - FORESTER, GEORGE, ESQUIRE, =253= - - ... LORD, 238 - - GEORGE THE SECOND, KING OF ENGLAND, =109= - - ... THE FOURTH, 226 - - GERMANY, WILLIAM THE FIRST, EMPEROR OF, 224 - - GORING, COLONEL, AFTERWARDS LORD, =80= - - GROTIUS, HUGO, =19= - - GUNNING, HON. MRS., =189=, 222 - - ... SIR GEORGE, =114= - - GWYNNE, NELL, =250= - - HAMET BEN HAMET, 208 - - HARVEY, DR., =57= - - HERBERT, HENRY, FOURTH LORD OF RIPSFORD, =181= - - ... MISTRESS, =153= - - HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, FIRST EARL OF, =195= - - - JOSEPHINE, EMPRESS OF FRANCE, 222 - - - KILLIGREW, SIR THOMAS, =148= - - ... LADY, =163= - - KINGSTON, COUNTESS OF, =211= - - KINNEAR, COLONEL, =254= - - - LEWIS, HENRY GRESWOLD, =111= - - LIVERPOOL, ROBERT JENKINSON, SECOND EARL OF, =104= - - LOWTHER, SIR WILLIAM, =114= - - LYNEDOCH, LORD, =201= - - - MAURICE, PRINCE, =75= - - MONCREIFFE, SIR THOMAS, AND SISTER, =209= - - ... GEORGINA, WIFE OF THE SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, 225, 226, 227 - - MORTIMER, CAPTAIN, 210 - - MYDDLETON, SIR THOMAS, =71= - - ... LADY, =244= - - - NEWPORT, ANDREW, THE HONOURABLE, =36= - - ... LADY MARY, =244= - - NEWPORT, RICHARD, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, =169= - - ... VISCOUNT, GEORGE A. BRIDGEMAN, AFTERWARDS SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, - =202=, 226 - - ... VISCOUNTESS, HIS WIFE GEORGINA, 225, 226, 227 - - ... VISCOUNT, ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL - OF BRADFORD, =119=, 204, 216, 223, 226 - - ... THE THIRD EARL AND HIS WIFE, 216 - - ... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL, =232= - - ... VISCOUNT, SON OF THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD, =232=, 233 - - - OXFORD, COUNTESS OF, =141= - - - PAYNE, CAPTAIN JOHN WILLETT, =118= - - PELHAM, THE HONOURABLE MRS., 226 - - PORTRAITS UNKNOWN, ETC., 97, 104, 130, 133, 134, 138, 140, 141, 192, - 201, 221, 243, 244, 245, 249, 252, 253. - - - QUEEN VICTORIA, 109, 210, 217 - - ... INVESTITURE OF THE SULTAN, 237 - - ... MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCE OF WALES, 239 - - - RAMSAY, GENERAL THE HON. JAMES, 228 - - RICHARD THE THIRD, KING (_Qu._), 104 - - RUPERT, PRINCE, =83= - - RUSSELL, LADY DIANA, =91=, 123 - - ... DIANA, LADY RUSSELL, YOUNGEST DAUGHTER OF THE THIRD EARL OF - BEDFORD, =97= - - ... EDWARD, THE HONOURABLE, =65= - - ... FRANCIS, THE HONOURABLE, =72= - - ... JOHN, THE HONOURABLE, COLONEL, =43= - - ... LORD JOHN, =211= - - ... LADY JOHN, 223, =225= - - ... LADY RACHEL, =3= - - ... LORD ROBERT, =18= - - ... LADY ROBERT, =17= - - ... LORD WILLIAM, =48= - - RUSSIA, ALEXANDER II., CZAR OF, 222 - - RUTLAND, MARY ISABELLA, DUCHESS OF, =239= - - - SALTREN, MRS., 222 - - SCOTS, MARY QUEEN OF, 207, 244 - - SCOTT, MRS., 224 - - SEYMOUR, LORD HUGH, VICE-ADMIRAL, =115= - - SIMPSON, HONOURABLE JOHN BRIDGEMAN, =113= - - ... HONOURABLE MRS., =209=, 221 - - SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (PROTECTOR), =131= - - SOUTHAMPTON, THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, EARL OF, =78= - - STRAFFORD, EARL OF, AND HIS SECRETARY, =37= - - SUFFIELD, CHARLOTTE, LADY, =233= - - SUNDERLAND, DOROTHY, COUNTESS OF, =125= - - - TIGHE, MRS. HENRY, 228 - - TORRINGTON, GEORGE BYNG, FOURTH VISCOUNT, 225, =249= - - ... VISCOUNTESS, =191= - - TURENNE, MARSHAL, =197= - - TURKEY, SULTAN OF, INVESTITURE OF, 237 - - - UNKNOWN PORTRAITS, ETC., 97, 104, 130, 133, 134, 138, 140, 141, 192, - 201, 221, 224, 243 244, 245, 249, 252, 253. - - - VANDERNERCK, 225 - - VANDYCK, ANTHONY, =134= - - VILLIERS, LADIES SARAH AND CLEMENTINA, 232 - - - WALES, PRINCE OF, MARRIAGE OF, 239 - - WELLINGTON, DUKE OF, =204=, 210, 227 - - WEST, COLONEL, =78= - - WHITMORE, LADY LUCY, =225= - - WILBRAHAM, SIR THOMAS, =186= - - ... LADY, =186= - - WORSLEY, MISS, =209=, 221 - - - YATES, MARY, 207 - - - - - -------------- - - - - - ERRATA. - - -Page 43, line 6, _for_ youngest _read_ third. - - " 57, line 14, after Riley put (?). - - " 71, last line, _for_ Woodney _read_ Woodhey. - - " 103, line 3, _for_ Elizabeth Anne, _read_ Eliza Caroline. - - " 117, line 4, _dele_ (?). - - " 170, line 5, _for_ Riley _read_ Sir Peter Lely. - - " 175, line 6, _for_ Born 1575, Died 1657-8. _read_ Born 1577, Died - 1652. - - " 208, line 4, _for_ only _read_ eldest surviving. - - " 210, line 6, _dele_ the words ‘for the Earl of Bradford.’ - - " 222, line 7 from foot, _for_ Salken _read_ Saltren. - - " 223, line 11, _for_ ‘_née_ Seymour’ _read_ ‘_née_ Davies, niece of - Mr. Seymour,’ - - " 226, line 2, _for_ two _read_ five. - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -[Illustration: - - REST PRAY SLEEP -] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -[Illustration] - - ------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - - - - ● Transcriber’s Notes: - ○ Inconsistent formatting of portrait descriptions was regularized. - ○ Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected. - ○ Typographical errors were silently corrected. - ○ Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only - when a predominant form was found in this book. - ○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_); - text that was bold by “equal” signs (=bold=). - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE OF THE -PORTRAITS AT WESTON, THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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- margin:2em 10% 0 10%; } - .lh-1 {line-height: 150%; } - .lh-2 {line-height: 200%; } - h2 {font-size: 1.5em } - </style> - </head> - <body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Biographical catalogue of the portraits at Weston, the seat of the Earl of Bradford, by Mary Louisa Boyle</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Biographical catalogue of the portraits at Weston, the seat of the Earl of Bradford</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Mary Louisa Boyle</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: April 03, 2021 [eBook #64984]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Fay Dunn, Barry Abrahamsen, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE OF THE PORTRAITS AT WESTON, THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD ***</div> - -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/cover.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c000' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_I'>I</span> -<img src='images/frontis.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic002'> -<p>ARISE ✤ PRAY ✤ WORK</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_II'>II</span> - <h1 class='c002'>BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE<br />OF THE PORTRAITS AT WESTON<br /> THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD</h1> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id003'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_IV'>IV</span> -<img src='images/title.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='lh-2'> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='c004'><em class='gesperrt'>BIOGRAPHICAL</em></span></div> - <div><span class='c005'><em class='gesperrt'>CATALOGUE</em></span></div> - <div><span class='c006'>OF THE PORTRAITS</span></div> - <div><span class='c007'>AT WESTON</span></div> - <div>THE SEAT OF</div> - <div><span class='c005'><em class='gesperrt'>THE EARL OF BRADFORD</em></span></div> - <div class='c001'><span class='c008'>❦</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -</div> -<p class='c009'>‘<i>A true delineation, even of the smallest man, and -his scene of pilgrimage through life, is capable of -interesting the greatest man; for all men are to an -unspeakable degree brothers, each man’s life a strange -emblem of every man’s, and human portraits faithfully -drawn are, of all pictures, the welcomest on -human walls.</i>’ <span class='sc'>Carlyle.</span></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='xlarge'><em class='gesperrt'>LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK</em></span></div> - <div><span class='xlarge'>1881.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_VI'>VI</span>TO</div> - <div class='c001'><span class='xlarge'>LORD AND LADY BRADFORD,</span></div> - <div class='c001'>THESE PAGES,</div> - <div class='c001'>WRITTEN UNDER THE PRESSURE OF MANY DIFFICULTIES,</div> - <div class='c001'>ARE AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED</div> - <div class='c001'>BY THEIR FAITHFUL KINSWOMAN</div> - <div class='c001'><span class='xlarge'>MARY BOYLE.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_ix'>ix</span> -<img src='images/a009.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='lh-1'> - -<div class='c010'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-i.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi0_75'> -IN completing the last contribution I -shall make to the Biographical -Catalogues of the Portrait Galleries -of four English noblemen, I -must make a few personal remarks. I began the -pleasant task, which I undertook at the request -of my dear cousin, Lord Sandwich, now many -years ago, before my defective sight rendered -the work difficult. The respective collections -of Lords Bath and Cowper at Longleat and -Panshanger next occupied my attention, but -<span class='pageno' id='Page_x'>x</span>the increasing malady in my eyesight rendered -every fresh step more arduous. In this last work, -to other stumbling-blocks has been added the -pressure of ill-health and deep sorrow; against -these obstacles I have fought as stoutly as I -could, cheered on by the hope of giving satisfaction -to Lord and Lady Bradford, to whose family -my own for many generations has been connected -by ties of relationship and friendship. -But I am well aware that in spite of my best -endeavours errors may have crept into this -work, and shortcomings must be but too evident. -On the indulgence of the owners of Weston, -I must, therefore, rely for pardon; proffering at -the same time my best thanks to Lord Bradford -himself for the kind help he has afforded me; -while to Mr. George Griffiths of Weston Bank -I can scarcely say enough to express my gratitude -for his unwearied and valuable assistance. -I wish that, in relinquishing a task in which I -<span class='pageno' id='Page_xi'>xi</span>have found great delight, I could persuade some -members of noble and gentle families to follow -my example in rescuing from oblivion the records -of portraits which adorn the walls of their homes. -It has often been a subject of deep concern to -me, while staying in some beautiful country-house, -to find that the younger portion of the family, at -least, were often entirely ignorant of any details -respecting the lives of the men and women who -look down upon them from the walls, and who in -some cases have lived, loved, enjoyed, suffered, -and died in those very apartments. To the dear -old traditions of home such acquaintance with -our predecessors and their surroundings lends -many a charm, and I have found so much -pleasure in my work that I cannot but regret my -inability to the further prosecution thereof; but -I have reaped a rich reward in the acquaintance -I have made with particulars of the lives of -the great, the good, and the celebrated; and as -<span class='pageno' id='Page_xii'>xii</span>I wander through a portrait-gallery, the paintings -of which are, alas! now but a closed -book to me, the names which my more fortunate -companions read aloud conjure up a whole host -of delightful and interesting recollections.</p> -<div class='lg-container-l c011'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'><span class='sc'>22 South Audley Street</span>,</div> - <div class='line'><i>August 9th</i>, 1888.</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>ENTRANCE HALL.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i001.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span><span class='xlarge'>ENTRANCE HALL.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. RACHEL, LADY RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In widow’s weeds. Leaning her cheek on her hand.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN (<i>circa</i>) 1636, DIED 1723.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vanderbank.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the second daughter of Thomas, -last Earl of Southampton, of the Wriothesley -family, by his first wife, Rachel de -Ruvigny, of an old Huguenot race, by -whom he had two daughters, Elizabeth -married to Edward, Lord Noel, eldest son -of the Earl Campden, and Rachel, the subject of the present -notice. She lost her mother when still a little child, and we -do not hear much of her youth. Her father married a second -and a third time, and it must have been about 1653 that she -became the bride of Lord Vaughan, son of the Earl of -Carbery. We are inclined to deduce from a passage in -one of her letters that this marriage was one of <i>convenance</i>, -as she says to a friend, ‘The selection of the partners usually -rests with the relations, and not with those most interested in -the matter.’ Of Lord Vaughan we have few records; but -some letters addressed to his wife leave the impression that -indolence was one of his chief characteristics, that he was -<span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>dilatory in business and averse to writing of all kinds. It is -fair, however, to add that these remarks are only based on -surmise.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord and Lady Vaughan resided chiefly at an estate in -Wales, belonging to Lord Carbery, and at the present time -(1888) the property of the Earl of Cawdor. The Golden -Grove is famed for its picturesque beauty, and endeared to all -admirers of Jeremy Taylor, by the tradition that he composed -<i>The Whole Duty of Man</i> in the grounds adjoining the house. -Lord and Lady Vaughan made occasional visits to London, -where in 1665 she gave birth to a daughter, who only lived a -few days. The breaking out of the plague drove them back -to their Welsh home, and Lord Vaughan died not long after -their return. On becoming a widow, Rachel went to reside -for some time with her sister, Lady Elizabeth Noel, at their -old home of Titchfield, in Hampshire, which had come by -inheritance to Lady Elizabeth, as the eldest daughter of Lord -Southampton,—Stratton, in the same county, falling to Lady -Vaughan’s share. It was not long before (among many -admirers) that William Russell, the second son of Francis, -fifth Earl (afterwards first Duke) of Bedford, made himself -conspicuous by the devoted court he paid to the beautiful -young widow. The circumstance is thus alluded to, in a letter -from her sister by half-blood, Lady Percy: ‘For Mr. Russell’s -concern I can say nothing more than that he professes a -great desire (the which I do not at all doubt) that he and -every one else has to gain one who is so desirable in all -respects.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Desirable indeed, for Lady Vaughan was young, beautiful, -intellectual, wealthy, of a most gentle and loving disposition, -and possessing a fund of unassuming piety. There was no -disparity in the marriage, for William Russell was her equal, -we might almost say her counterpart, with the exception of -fortune, he being a second son at the time of his marriage. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>It was on this account that his wife for some time, in fact -until the death of her brother-in-law, Lord Russell, still -retained, according to general custom, her widowed title of -Lady Vaughan. During the fourteen happy years of Rachel’s -happy life, which were chiefly spent at Stratton, and Southampton -House in London (both of which were hers by inheritance), -she had to endure very few separations from her -husband—such as when he was called away on public or -private business; occasional visits to his father at Woburn; -absences contingent on his elections in three different Parliaments, -and attendance during the short session at Oxford. -Then the correspondence between the married pair was constant -and detailed, and testifies to their sympathy on every -subject, whether important or trifling, political or domestic. -Happy as she was in the present, with every human probability -of the continuance of that happiness in the future, there was -a strange foreboding, as it would appear, in Rachel’s mind, -of coming evil, and it was remarkable how in those early -halcyon days her mental eyes seemed fixed on the little cloud, -no bigger than a man’s hand, in the horizon. It was indeed -as if she heard ‘the footfall of fate on her ear’; for her -letters to her husband, not very long after their marriage, are -written in a most desponding spirit. After dwelling with -gratitude and delight on the complete unity of their hearts -and minds, she goes on to write to her dearest William, dated -from Stratton: ‘Let us cheerfully expect to live together to -a good old age, and, if God wills otherwise, then firmly -believe that He will support us under whatsoever trial He -may see fit to inflict.’ Noble and pathetic words, of which -the sadder alternative was to be her allotted portion. The -summer was usually passed at Stratton, the winter in London. -Three children were born to them—two daughters, in 1674 -and 1676, and a son in 1680,—blessings which were counterbalanced -by the loss of her beloved sister, Lady Elizabeth -<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>Noel. The society of the children enhanced the delight of -their beloved home at Stratton. On one occasion Rachel -wrote to her husband at the last-mentioned place from Southampton -House in answer to a letter from him. She is so -glad he finds Stratton sweet, and hopes he will live for fifty -years to enjoy it, and that God may permit her to have his -good company. But if it were not so, she is sure he would be -kind to ‘the brats.’ Flesh and blood cannot have a truer -sense of happiness than she has, his poor honest wife. Such -simple extracts are truly pathetic, when we call to mind that -in less than two years Rachel Russell was a widow. The -circumstances of Lord Russell’s arrest, his impeachment for -high treason, his trial, sentence, last days, and execution, with -the part his devoted wife took in all these proceedings, are -all given in our notice of Lord Russell’s life. In order to avoid -repetition we simply give the dates here. William, Lord -Russell, was tried on the 13th of July 1683, and executed the -21st August.</p> - -<p class='c016'>After the last sad scene of leave-taking, elsewhere described, -Rachel returned to her desolate home of Southampton -House. On the anguish of such moments it is useless to -dwell. She heard the hours from the neighbouring belfry, -which sounded like a chime of knells, as she sat in perfect -solitude—the little ones having cried themselves to sleep. -Her favourite sister, Elizabeth, was dead; her surviving sister, -Lady Northumberland, was out of England, and there was no -one near enough her heart whose society she could tolerate at -that supreme moment. Her grief was embittered and her -indignation roused, not long after her lord’s death, by the -report that was circulated calling in question the authenticity -of the papers which he had given to the sheriffs on the -scaffold. She found it incumbent on her to write to the King, -speaking in the highest terms in her letter of Bishop Burnet, -who had lately fallen into disfavour at Court. Burnet had -<span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span>been privy to the document written by Lord Russell in prison, -and Rachel characterises the prelate as a loyal subject to the -King, and the most tender and faithful minister to her dear -lord. One of the last injunctions laid upon her (by one -whose wishes were never disobeyed), was that she should take -care of her health, and live for her children; and in the fulfilment -of that duty she found her best consolation. In a -letter to the Bishop of London, she says that she considered -there was something so sublime in the subject of her deepest -sorrow, she firmly believes it had in a degree kept her from -being overwhelmed. And now began the long dreary period -of widowhood which lasted so many years. ‘Time, that -ancient nurse,’ which ‘rocks us to patience,’ found her indeed -submissive, but had little power to deaden the poignancy of -her grief. In a letter to ‘uncle John’ (her lord’s uncle), she -begs him to make some compliment of her acknowledgment -to his Majesty for not having enforced the forfeiture of Lord -Russell’s fortune. She concludes by saying: ‘When I hear -you are well it is part of the only satisfaction I can have in -this wretched world, where the love and company of the -friends and relations of that dear blessed person are most -precious.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Among Lady Russell’s most frequent and most intimate -correspondents was Dr. Fitzwilliam, the friend of her childhood, -who had been her father’s domestic chaplain. She also -continued her intercourse with Bishop Burnet, and tells him -how diligently she superintends the education of her children, -Mistress Rachel, little Mistress Katey, and that precious -boy with whose wild freaks in happier days she was wont -to entertain papa. She confesses to the Bishop that she -occasionally finds the employment of teaching irksome to her -overtaxed spirit; yet on the whole it refreshes her, and she is -resolved to prosecute the task alone and unassisted. This -plan the Bishop highly approves, and he alludes to the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>circumstance in these words: ‘I am glad your children will -need no other governess, for as it is the greatest part of your -duty, so the occupation will be a noble entertainment, and the -best diversion and cure for your wasted and wearied spirit.’ -It is to Bishop Burnet that she describes her sensations on -visiting her husband’s tomb at Chenies: ‘I did not go to seek -the living among the dead, for I well knew that I should see -him no more, wherever I went, and I had made a covenant -with myself not to break out into unreasonable and fruitless -passion, but quicken my contemplation of his happiness.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>There are two classes of mourners most prevalent in the -world, those who give way to enervating emotion, nursing and -encouraging the outward expression of grief, and those who fly -to some frivolous and unworthy expedient to ‘lull the lone -heart and banish care.’ To neither of these classes did Lady -Russell belong; she faced her affliction bravely but submissively, -believing with the poet<a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c017'><sup>[1]</sup></a> that</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘They who lack time to mourn, lack time to mend.</div> - <div class='line in14'>Eternity mourns that.’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='footnote c019' id='f1'> -<p class='c020'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>. </span>Philip van Artevelde.</p> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She spent a great deal of her time at Woburn, with her -parents-in-law, where she and her children were ever welcome; -often meditating, and frequently delaying her return to the -once happy home of sweet Stratton. But she was detained at -Woburn first by the death of her mother-in-law, and then by -the dangerous illness of her son, which crushing anxiety she -thus turns to good account. Speaking of the possibility of -losing ‘the little creature,’ she writes to Dr. Fitzwilliam, -‘God has made me see the folly of imagining I had nothing -left, the deprivation of which could be matter of much anguish, -or its possession of any considerable refreshment.’ But the -blow was averted and the boy recovered. She left Woburn, and -instead of going direct to Stratton she started for Totteridge -<span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>in Hertfordshire, with him and her eldest girl, while little -Katey was left at Woburn to keep company with her aged -grandfather.</p> - -<p class='c016'>No one was more alive to the noble and loveable qualities -of Lady Russell than her dear lord’s father, and he writes her -a most tender and pathetic letter, evincing the deepest interest -in her and her children, especially in the recovery of the -young heir, whose illness had caused so much anxiety to the -whole family. He addresses her as his dearest daughter, and -expresses himself in the quaint and courteous, though somewhat -stilted style of the day, hoping soon to have some comfortable -tidings of her and her dear little ones, assuring her -that his grandson is the subject of his constant prayers, and -that while he has breath he remains her affectionate father -and friend to command. Written from Woburn Abbey, the -7th day of June 1684; with a postscript: ‘My dear love and -blessing to my dear boy, and to Mistress Rachel. I am much -cheered by Mistress Catherine’s company; she is often with me, -and looks very well.’ It is interesting to remember that the -respective ages of these two playfellows were nine, and eighty.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lady Russell moved afterwards with her family to Southampton -House, so full of memories, sweet and bitter, of early -happiness, subsequent anxiety, and utter desolation. She was -in London at the time of the King’s death, and although she -had no reason to regret Charles, yet to one whose interest was -never deadened in the course of public affairs, there was little -to be hoped for in the accession of James the Second. The -trials of Algernon Sidney, Hampden, and others, who were -associated with the memory of her lord, made her wounds -bleed afresh, more especially the execution of the Duke of -Monmouth, Lord Russell’s most intimate friend. ‘Never,’ she -writes, ‘had a poor creature more <i>awakers</i> to quicken and -revive her sorrow’; yet in alluding to Monmouth’s fate she -owns herself void of reason, that she should weep when she -<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>ought to rejoice ‘that so good a man is safely landed on the -blessed shores of a safe eternity.’ She was detained in London -longer than she wished by the arrival of her uncle the Marquis -de Ruvigny, who had come over from France to assist in the -endeavour to gain from the King and Government the subversion -of the attainder which affected the Russell children. -Very interesting letters and documents on this subject are -extant at Woburn Abbey. Lady Russell was very much -attached to her uncle, and welcomed him, his wife, and a -favourite niece, to her house, where the last-mentioned relative -fell sick of malignant fever and died, to the inexpressible grief -of De Ruvigny. Rachel’s anxiety on account of her own -children may be imagined; she removed them to the country, -and then returned to London to comfort her sorrowing uncle. -De Ruvigny later on resided permanently in England, and -became the centre of a small colony of French refugees which -settled at Greenwich, and he ended his days in this country. -The Earl of Devonshire, the faithful friend (when Lord Cavendish) -of William Russell, who had offered to change clothes -with him and remain in his stead in prison, had never -slackened in his friendship for his friend’s widow; and he now -came forward with a proposal of marriage between his eldest -son and Rachel’s eldest daughter and namesake.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In those days no time was lost in such matters. My Lord -Cavendish was sixteen, Mistress Rachel fourteen. There were -difficulties about settlements (<i>car l’histoire se répète</i>) among -the lawyers, but the marriage did come off at last in spite of -those everlasting impediments to the course of true love. -Deeply interested as she was in domestic details and in arrangements -for the future of her child, Lady Russell was no -indifferent spectator to the rapid strides which James the -Second was making towards the downfall of political and -religious liberty which he was too short-sighted to foresee -would include his own. When M. Dykeveldt, the minister -<span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>plenipotentiary from Holland, arrived in London, he waited -on Lady Russell by the commands of the Prince and Princess -of Orange, being the bearer of autograph letters and the most -flattering messages from their Highnesses, speaking in terms -of the highest admiration and esteem of her patriot lord and -the noble family to which he belonged, and assuring her of -friendship and sympathy and the hope that they might in the -future be useful to her and her son. Thus commenced a -correspondence which brought forth important fruits in the -coming changes. Her first visit to Stratton was very trying to -her heart, and though grateful that the children were too young -to share those feelings to any great extent, she could not but -rejoice to perceive in Mistress Rachel some memory of the -loss they had sustained, but then to be sure, as the reader will -take into consideration, Rachel Russell the younger was -already fourteen years of age and a promised wife! Three -days the poor widow always gave to seclusion and reflection, -the anniversaries of the arrest, trial, and execution of her lord. -In the winter the family removed to London, and preparations -were now going on briskly for the marriage, when the poor -<i>fiancée</i> fell sick of the measles, and it was not till midsummer -1689 that the celebration of the marriage actually took place, -being hurried at the last, we are told, because my Lord -(Devonshire, the bridegroom’s father) was in haste to go to -the Bath.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The young couple spent their (crescent) honeymoon between -Southampton House and Woburn Abbey, and then the bridegroom -set forth on a course of foreign travel to finish his -education which lasted two years, while my Lady Cavendish -remained an inmate of her mother’s home. The leading -members of the houses of Cavendish and Russell were among -those influential personages who had invited the Prince and -Princess of Orange to come over to England to the rescue of -the kingdom; and when they actually landed Rachel put herself -<span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>in constant communication with her old friend Bishop -Burnet, at that time in the suite of the future monarchs. She -accompanied her aged father-in-law to London, in time to -witness the flight of James the Second, and there is extant an -amusing letter from young Lady Cavendish in which she -describes to a bosom friend, the decision of the two Houses of -Parliament that William and Mary of Orange should be King -and Queen. She goes on to say she was present at the -proclamation, which gave her great pleasure, ‘for were they -not in the room of King James, my father’s murderer?’ At -night she went to Court to kiss the Queen’s hand, the King’s -also, with her mother-in-law, the Countess of Devonshire. She -describes William ‘as a man of no presence; he is homely at -first sight, but when one looks long on him he has something -both wise and good.’ The Queen she considers very handsome, -and most graceful.</p> - -<p class='c016'>One of the first acts of the new King and Queen was the -reversal of the attainder of William, Lord Russell; his execution -had already been declared to be a murder by the vote -of the House of Commons. Honours of different kinds were -showered on the aged Earl of Bedford, the Earl of Devonshire, -and many of Lady Russell’s connections and friends, while she -herself was constantly referred to for advice and counsel by -people whom she held in great esteem, such as Dr. Fitzwilliam -and Archbishop Tillotson, who discussed with her questions -of doctrine and faith, and the propriety or expediency of -accepting preferment under the new <i>régime</i>. People of all -opinions applied to Rachel to secure her good offices with the -new Sovereigns, and Lady Sunderland, whose husband had -been most instrumental in Lord Russell’s downfall, did not -scruple to ask her intercession. Passing years brought fresh -trials in their train for one who seemed indeed born for -sorrow. In 1690 she lost her remaining sister, the wife of -Ralph, Lord afterwards Duke of Montagu, and within a few -<span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>weeks of her death she mourns that of her nephew Lord -Gainsborough, ‘that engaging creature,’ she writes, ‘the only -son of the sister whom I loved with so much passion,’ and now as -a crowning grief she is threatened with blindness. It had been -said that this infirmity proceeded from her constant weeping; -and though one of her biographers argues that it was impossible -on account of the particular nature of the disease, being -cataract, those who unfortunately have experience in such -cases know well how noxious to the sight is the briny nature -of sorrow’s flood. It is piteous to read her sad anticipations -of the coming evil, and how she will have to forego that great -relaxation and comfort to her, of what she terms ‘society at a -distance. But while light is left her she will work.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Cavendish having now returned from the Continent -was joined by his young wife, and there was a sad gap when -dearest Rachel left her home. The fond mother writes to -Lady Derby, Mistress of the Robes to Queen Mary, recommending -her daughter, who was much at Court, to that lady’s -kind protection; and now yet another of the young birds was -called on to leave the nest. Mistress Kate was asked in -marriage by Lord Roos, eldest son of the Earl of Rutland, -esteemed the best match in all England. Yet there were -reasons of a political and domestic nature which caused Lady -Russell to hesitate before giving her final consent to the -marriage. There is an amusing description of the grand -reception which the newly married pair met with at the -paternal estate of Belvoir, falling very little short of the pomp -and splendour due to royalty on such occasions. We regret that -our want of space precludes the introduction of some interesting -details. Rachel did not go to the marriage, for noise and -too much company made her eyes ache, and she was desirous -to keep ‘the little bit of sight she had left,’ which deserted her -as soon as a candle was lighted. There was still balm in -Gilead. The operation for couching was successfully performed, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>and the patient, after making use of an amanuensis for some -time, was able once more to resume her correspondence and -enjoy ‘society at a distance.’ Following this inestimable -blessing came the mark of royal favour which must have been -a source of intense gratification to Rachel, Lady Russell. -Her son-in-law and her father-in-law were both advanced to -the rank of Dukes of Devonshire and Bedford. And in the -case of the latter, the honour was enhanced to the old man, -Lady Russell, and the whole family, by the tribute paid in the -words of the patent to the memory of his patriot son. Sure -never was sentiment so mingled before or since with legal and -formal documents, but the words (or preamble as it is called) -were those of the eloquent and refined Lord Chancellor -Somers. The King in bestowing the highest dignity in his gift -declares, ‘We think it not sufficient that his (Lord Russell’s) -conduct and virtues should be transmitted to all future generations -upon the credit of public annals, but will have them -inserted in these our royal letters-patent as a monument consecrated -to the most accomplished and consummate virtue,’ -etc. etc. All honour to the house whose patent of nobility -well deserves the name!</p> - -<p class='c016'>A general election was now impending, and Lady Russell -received the most flattering proposals from the leading -members of the Government, that her son should represent -Middlesex in the House of Commons. She makes a very -gracious answer, and after taking counsel with the aged Duke, -she writes they have both come to the conclusion that a -Parliament life would interfere with the progress of Lord Tavistock’s -education, he being only fifteen. Strange times when -schoolboys married and sat in Parliament! The young heir -went to Oxford (instead of to the House), where he was more -than once visited by his mother.</p> - -<p class='c016'>When about seventeen Lord Tavistock started with a -private tutor on a continental tour, which lasted over two -<span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span>years, and which the young man enjoyed perhaps a little too -much. He made his mother a confidante of all his pleasures, -extravagancies, and escapades, for Tavistock was one of those -who loved the beautiful, whether in sights, sounds, or people. -He had also grand notions of the style in which the heir to -an English dukedom should live—must have a carriage with -a fine pair of steppers and two running footmen; his cravats -must be of rich point lace, and his suits finely embroidered. -Moreover he found himself constrained to send all the way -from Rome to Leghorn to procure a periwig, as the world’s -capital could not furnish him with one to his taste. Then -there were flowers and gifts of jewels to please the fair -Romans, and added to all these ways and means of getting -rid of his pocket-money, our traveller had a decided inclination -for gambling. His letters are the natural outpourings of -an enthusiastic youth in the heyday of spirits and enjoyment, -rather too easily led astray, and although they caused his -mother some distress, they contained nothing likely to -diminish her esteem for her only son. He confessed his -delinquencies so frankly, solicited help so humbly, and begged -his beloved mother’s pardon, and her intercession for that of -his grandfather, in a most irresistible manner.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Within a year after Lord Tavistock’s return to England, -he succeeded to his grandfather’s titles and estates on the -death of that good old man, and in compliance with personal -request made by his mother, the King bestowed on him the -Garter, and shortly afterwards he was appointed Lord-Lieutenant -of the three counties of Bedford, Middlesex, and Cambridge, -while at the Coronation of Queen Anne he acted as -Lord High Constable of England, and was made a Privy -Councillor. He had married in 1669 the daughter of John -Howland, Esquire, who was created Lord Howland of Streatham, -in order to obviate any appearance of a <i>mésalliance</i>. -But all this prosperity was of short duration; eleven years -<span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>after his accession to the title, at the early age of thirty-one, -Wriothesley, the second Duke of Bedford, fell a victim to the -terrible disease, which in those days (before inoculation or -vaccination was known) wrought such ravages in England. -When the character of the illness was announced, the -Duchess and his children were sent to a distance, but -the fond mother watched by his bedside to the last, -and writes, after all is over, to her cousin Lord Galway: -‘I am in such disorder of spirits, so full of confusion, and -amazement, that I am incapable of saying or doing what I -should. I did not know the greatness of my love for his -person, till I could see it no more.’ The poor mourner had -scarcely time to lift her head, bowed by the combined weight -of age and sorrow, before another crushing blow fell on her. -Her sweet Katey (now Duchess of Rutland) died in giving -birth to her tenth child, at the same moment that the Duchess -of Devonshire was expecting her confinement. From her -Lady Russell had the arduous task of concealing the fact of -the other’s death. The two sisters had loved each other -tenderly, and there was great difficulty in evading the -inquiries which the Duchess constantly made after her dear -Katey. ‘I saw her yesterday,’ was the sad subterfuge, ‘out -of her bed.’ Alas! it was in her coffin.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The Duke of Rutland was not slow in providing himself -with a second wife, and this unseemly haste was not calculated -to soothe Lady Russell’s mind, but when she found that his -intentions with regard to her daughter’s children were just -and generous, she thought it advisable ‘to let the matter pass -easily.’ She had now arrived at an advanced age, somewhat -infirm in body, but unimpaired in mind, with a trembling -hand, but an unclouded intellect, and she busied herself in -composing prayers and meditations for her own use, and in -making, as it were, a full confession of her failings and shortcomings -(which she called sins); reviewing as she did so the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>whole of her past life. This document was left unfinished at -the time of her death. When at the age of eighty-six, her -health gave way.</p> - -<p class='c016'>A letter from Lady Rachel Morgan (wife of Sir William -Morgan of Tredegar) to her brother, Lord James Cavendish, -says: ‘The bad account we have received of Grandmamma -Russell has put us into great disorder and hurry. Mamma has -left us and gone to London. I believe she has stopped the -letters, so we are still in suspense; the last post brought us so -bad an account that we have reason to fear the worst. I hope -mamma will get to town in time to see her alive, because it -would be a great satisfaction to both.’ This letter is dated -26th September. On the 29th of the same month 1723, -Rachel, Lady Russell, ended her exemplary and blameless -life, so replete with stirring incidents, both of a public and -private nature, so full of transient joy and abiding sorrow. She -lived to see her children raised to honour and prosperity, but, -alas! she had the misfortune to survive those who, in the -common course of nature, should have wept her loss. She was -buried by the side of her dear lord at Chenies, in Buckinghamshire, -where an elaborate monument is erected to their -memory.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. LADY ROBERT RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Oval. Tawny and blue dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_4_0_675 c021'>SHE was the daughter of Edward Russell, and widow of -Thomas Cheek of Pirgo, county Sussex. She married -her cousin, Lord Robert Russell.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In robes of office: scarlet and ermine, with cap and gold chain.</i></div> - <div><i>Gloves in left hand.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Born 1609. Died 1674.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Riley.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. LORD ROBERT RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Oval. Dark brown dress. Wig. Lace cravat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Died 1722.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the fifth son of the first Duke of Bedford, -by Anne Carr, daughter of the Earl of -Somerset. He married his cousin in 1690, -the widow of Thomas Cheek, by whom he -had no children. In 1660 and 1661 he -travelled on the Continent, accompanied by -his brother Edward, and a tutor. He served in seven Parliaments -for Tavistock.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. HUGO DE GROOT, OR GROTIUS.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>When a boy. Black dress. White collar.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1583. DIED 1645-6.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Miereveldt.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -BORN at Delft, the son of John de Groot -(Dutch for ‘Great’), of an ancient family, -Burgomaster of the town, and Curator of -the recently founded University of Leyden, -which was destined to become so famous. -Hugo was one day totally to eclipse the -fame of his father, though he too was a man of great learning -and cultivation. Hugo was remarkable for his proficiency -in Latin and Greek when a mere child, and, unlike most -precocious geniuses, he fulfilled his early promise. He was -placed with an Arminian minister at the Hague, and when -only eight years old, composed some Latin verses, which are -still extant. At the age of eleven he was entered as a student at -Leyden, and became the pet (so to speak) of a circle of learned -professors, of whom he was destined to become the foremost. -In those early days Hugo distinguished himself in every -branch of learning, addressed a Greek ode to the Prince of -Orange, which gained him great κυδος, as did shortly afterwards -a Latin poem in honour of Henry the Fourth of France.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1598 Hugo accompanied Count Justin of Nassau (natural -son of William the Silent) and John Olden Barneveldt on a -diplomatic mission to Paris. Henry the Fourth, remembering -the tribute paid him by the young foreigner, showed him -especial favour, presented him with his picture and a chain of -massive gold, and pointed him out to the courtiers as ‘a -miracle of learning, and the wonder of Holland.’ The young -Prince of Condé also took great delight in his society, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>called him his secretary. To this youthful patron Grotius -dedicated his first printed work, <i>Martianus Capella</i>.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Hugo remained in Paris for about a year, when a summons -from his parents called him home. On his return he took up -his abode at the house of Prince Maurice of Nassau’s chaplain, -a learned and pious man, where he studied law without -neglecting his literary labours. He pleaded his first cause at -Delft when only seventeen, gaining thereby the greatest -applause. He published works on astronomy, physics, navigation, -both in dead and living languages, and his description -of the siege of Ostend (which place had held out three years -against the Spaniards) was considered a masterpiece. His -writings on contemporary history, in which he did full justice -to the noble and patriotic deeds of his countrymen, also called -especial attention to the merits of the young author, and the -Government were easily induced to listen to the recommendation -of Olden Barneveldt, and in due time Hugo Grotius was -selected as historiographer, and this in preference to many -candidates, all of whom were his seniors, while the salary was -increased in consideration of the nominee’s acknowledged -talents. The French King wished to secure him as President -of the Library at Paris, and the star of Grotius was now in the -ascendant. He was named to the post of Pensionary of the -city of Rotterdam, vacant by the death of Elias, brother to -Olden Barneveldt, with whom Grotius now contracted an -intimate friendship. This office, together with other privileges, -entitled the holder to a seat in the Assembly of the States of -Holland, and afterwards to the same honour in that of the -States-General. On this promotion, Grotius’s father was -desirous that his son should marry, and an alliance was -accordingly agreed on with Maria von Reigensberg, a lady of -noble family in Zeeland, the daughter of a Burgomaster of -Veer, in that province. The bride, it would seem, was by no -means comely in appearance; she was stoutly built and of a -<span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span>swarthy complexion, but the future proved Maria von Grotius -to be a woman of strong affection, acute intelligence, and -indomitable courage. Shortly after his arrival in Rotterdam, -Grotius was sent to England on a mission connected with -some dispute which had arisen between the Dutch and -English, connected with the whale fisheries, and here he was -cordially welcomed by James the First, with whom he had -many conferences, on matters theological, as well as diplomatic, -while his society was eagerly courted by all the men of -eminence in this country. But a storm was gathering over the -calm horizon of Hugo Grotius’s hitherto bright career. On -his return to Rotterdam he found that the religious differences -which had been gradually waxing hotter and hotter throughout -the United Provinces had now assumed a most formidable -aspect. The whole country was divided into two separate -factions of the Arminians and the Gomarites; the former -party strongly opposing, and the latter strenuous upholding, -the doctrines of Calvin. After some wavering, or perhaps we -had better say investigation, of the subject, Grotius decided -on embracing the tenets of Arminius. Remonstrances and -counter-remonstrances were brought forward by the two -parties, Synods were convened, public disturbances ensued, -and the disputes which had commenced in a question of -dogma developed into political animosity. A decree was -issued by the States, with a view to putting down the serious -riots which had lately occurred, and extraordinary powers were -granted to magisterial bodies, a measure which, combined with -others equally obnoxious to him, gave great offence to Maurice -of Nassau, the Stadtholder, and he was violently incensed -against the men at whose instigation the step had been taken. -Between the prince and the friend of his youth, John Olden -Barneveldt, great differences of opinion had for some time -existed, and it was in the year 1619 that this venerable patriot -and his friend Grotius were both thrown into prison—whence -<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>the former, after a summary and unjust trial, only came out on -his way to the scaffold. In that solemn moment Barneveldt -showed great solicitude as to the fate of his friend, and -learning in answer to his question that Grotius did not lie -under sentence of death, he exclaimed, ‘I greatly rejoice, for -he is young, and will, I firmly trust, live long to be of service -to his country.’ The trial of Grotius followed, and accusations -as groundless as those which had been brought forward against -the grand Pensionary were laid to his charge, including treason -to his country, complicity with Spain, etc. etc., and he was -sentenced to imprisonment for life and the confiscation of his -entire property. He was conveyed from one prison to another, -until the castle of Loevenstein, near Gorcum in South Holland, -was chosen for his final resting-place. This gloomy old -fortress was considered impregnable, and the most stringent -measures were taken against escape; indeed the internal -arrangements of the building and its contiguity to the river -seemed to preclude all possibility of evasion. Here Grotius -and his learned friend Hogersbaert were immured, and by dint -of manifold petitions and ‘continual wearying,’ their faithful -wives were allowed to share their captivity. But all intercourse -was forbidden between the two men who were attached -to each other, not only by friendship, but sympathy in literary -pursuits, while the poor ladies were altogether denied the -consolation of each other’s society; and when Hogersbaert’s -wife fell ill, Madame Grotius petitioned in vain for the -privilege (so dear to every gentle-hearted woman) of ministering -to her friend in sickness, or cheering her last moments with -the promise of watching over the dying mother’s six helpless -children. The only proof of sympathy which one captive was -allowed to show the other was in the transmission of a pathetic -epitaph by Hugo Grotius, which was gratefully received by -the unhappy widower.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Madame Grotius had contrived to retain a portion of her -<span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>own, when her husband’s property was confiscated, and with -this small sum she endeavoured to make his condition less -intolerable. She rejected with disdain the scanty dole allowed -by Government for the maintenance of the prisoner, and constantly -ferried over to Gorcum, on the opposite side of the -river, to cater for little dainties for her lord, and the noble -dame would stand for hours over the kitchen fire preparing -the daily banquet for him and for their children. Maria was -indeed one of those characters of combined strength and tenderness, -which go near to form ‘the perfect woman.’ When -her husband was first arrested, her anxiety for his life never -betrayed her into weakness or cowardice; on the contrary, -she wrote constantly, urging him to maintain his principles, -and rather die than ask pardon, which could only be obtained -through servile submission. Her admiration for Grotius, and -her pride in his genius, could only be equalled by her affection. -To think that a man, with whose name Europe already -rang, whose writings were fated to influence the destinies of -nations—that he should waste the best days of his life in prison—wither -away, as it were, in a living tomb,—the thought was -intolerable to her. The Commandant of the fortress, one -Deventer, cherished a spite against his noble prisoner, arising -from some family feud which had been handed down from -the last generation, and he took especial delight in riveting -the heavy chains as tightly as he could, and making captivity -unbearable. Air and exercise were seldom vouchsafed, and -Grotius, the philosopher, the metaphysician, the historian, the -world-famed author, might be seen spinning a large top in the -lobby adjoining his apartments for the best exercise he could -get! Even the society of his beloved wife and that of his -children did not suffice to prevent the hours from dragging -heavily along, deprived as he was of the joys of a scholar’s -heart, the books in which he could study the thoughts of -others, the writing materials with which he could record his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>own; therefore Maria never rested until she had wrung -from the authorities the permission to obtain from Grotius’s -own library the volumes most coveted, together with pen, ink, -and paper. Henceforth the captive’s life was no longer a -blank. He devoured his classics, he made notes and translations, -he wrote works on History, Theology, Jurisprudence, -and thus shed a light on the outer world from behind the -walls of his gloomy fortress. But these alleviations were not -sufficient to content the faithful wife; she had more daring -schemes in view. Had she ever heard, or does the Dutch -language, so rich in proverbs, contain an equivalent for our -‘Love laughs at locksmiths’? Certain it is she was destined -to realise the words of a lowly poet of our own days—</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘Oh! woman all would do, would dare;</div> - <div class='line in1'>To save her heart’s best cherished care</div> - <div class='line in1'>She’d roam the world tract wide,</div> - <div class='line in1'>Nor bolts nor bars can ’gainst her stand,</div> - <div class='line in1'>Or weapons stay her gentle hand,</div> - <div class='line in2'>When love and duty guide.’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c022'>She laid her train most carefully, most skilfully, nor did -she allow any undue haste to mar its fulfilment. She had in -her constant marketings at Gorcum cultivated the acquaintance -and gained the friendship of many of the bettermost -tradespeople of the town, and her maid Lieschen, who was -market-woman in turn, was instructed to do the same. They -both talked constantly to the good burghers’ wives, and interested -them in behalf of the captive, the great writer and -philosopher, and, what came nearer the women’s hearts, the -tender husband and father. The plot was ripening in the -devoted conspirator’s mind; but there came a moment of -suspicion and alarm; it was reported that Madame Grotius -had bought a coil of ropes in Gorcum, doubtless to facilitate -her husband’s escape. An inquiry was instituted, when the -suspected lady herself pointed out to the emissaries of justice, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>that ropes, even wings, could they be procured, would be -unavailing in a dungeon where the captive on his entrance -had to pass through thirteen different doors, each of which -was bolted after him. She had in fact other means in store, -and fortune favoured her in one particular, namely, that the -cross-grained commandant was summoned to a distant town -on military business, and Maria Grotius had already ingratiated -herself with Madame Deventer by occasional presents of -luxuries, to which the good lady was by no means insensible, -such as venison, poultry, and the like. When the books were -first allowed to enter the prison walls, the chest was submitted -on its entrance and exit to a strict search, which had of late -been deemed unnecessary.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Accordingly, one day in the absence of the Governor, -Madame Grotius went to call on his wife, who always received -her kindly. ‘I am come,’ she said, ‘to ask you to help me. -My husband is killing himself, poring over those dreadful -folios, and making himself ill. We are both very grateful for -the permission granted that he should have the use of his own -library, but lately he has been working his brain, and tiring -his head over those tremendously heavy volumes, heavy in -every sense of the word, I want to send them away, and get -others lighter and smaller. Now, of course, your word is as -good as that of your husband in his absence. Do me the -kindness to order your men to carry down the chest as usual -to the water’s edge, and not demur because it is extra heavy. -I have a perfect spite against those bulky volumes.’ The -vice-regent of the commandant, ‘dressed in a little brief -authority,’ made use of it to oblige her friend, and gave the -order willingly. Maria went back to her own quarters. -‘Mother, dear,’ said Cornelia, the eldest of her children, ‘did -you not say to-morrow was the Fair at Gorcum, and that you -were told on such occasions even exiles and outlaws might -appear in the town? Why should not dear father go there in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>that case?’ Surely out of the child’s mouth came a word of -wisdom; she little knew that her remark was hailed as an -omen by her parents. Maria von Grotius next sent for her -maid, and asked her the startling question, ‘If we can conceal -your master in the book-chest, will you take charge of it to -Gorcum, and incur the whole risk?’—which was indeed great. -The loving wife would gladly have undertaken the task herself, -but she judged it would be more likely to avert suspicion -if she remained in the castle. The brave girl pledged herself -to carry out the directions of her mistress to the letter, and -the two women began their arduous and dangerous preparations. -It was the beginning of the week, and the month -March 1621, that Grotius rose early and, kneeling down by -the side of the empty trunk, prayed fervently for the success -of the hazardous enterprise. He was dressed in soft linen -and underclothing, and got into the chest, which was only -four feet long, and narrow in proportion, he being a tall and -strongly built man. His wife helped him to coil himself up, -and then placed a large Testament as a pillow for the beloved -head, the position of which she arranged so that the mouth -should come opposite the small holes she had drilled to admit -a little air. She closed the chest and sat on the top for a -considerable time, to ascertain if her husband could possibly -endure the confinement. Then lifting the lid once more, she -knelt down and took a solemn farewell of him she best loved -on earth, kissed him tenderly, locked the box, and gave the -key to the maid. We can only guess at the feelings of anguish -and tenderness which convulsed the heart of that noble woman -at that supreme instant. Then she arranged her husband’s -day-clothes on the chair, with his dressing slippers, and drew -the curtains closely round the bed, into which she got hastily. -After that she rang the bell, and when the servant who usually -waited on them answered the summons, she looked out and -said she was so sorry she could not go to Gorcum that day -<span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span>for she was not well herself, and did not like to leave her -husband who was very ill; throwing out at the same time a -hint that he was feverish, and there might be fear of infection. -The servant said it was all the better she should not go, for -the river was swollen and the wind was high, and in fact it -was almost dangerous. ‘That is unfortunate,’ she said, ‘for -my husband resolved that these heavy folios should go to-day; -however, my maid is no coward, and she will take charge of -them, even if the ferry should be rough.’ She then bade him -go and summon the soldiers whom Madame Deventer had -told off to carry the chest. They came, and on lifting it one -of them said, ‘I believe the Arminian is inside, it is so confoundedly -heavy.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>The poor wife trembling behind the closely drawn curtains -made some tame jest about the relative weight of a man and -those horrid books, and then the precious load was carried -out of the room. But Lieschen had many terrible moments -yet to come. The soldiers maintained, nothing but a man -could weigh so heavily, and one of them said he would get a -gimlet and run it into the Arminian, and another told anecdotes -of how malefactors had been smuggled out of prison in -a like manner. Poor Lieschen had to jest, while her heart -quaked: ‘Your gimlet must be a long one,’ she said, ‘to reach -my master in his bedroom in the castle.’ Then followed the -awful question, whether Madame Deventer would consider it -necessary to inspect the contents of the chest, which she -fortunately declined. So on the soldiers went, grumbling at -their heavy load, and when they arrived at the wharf, the -maid entreated that a double plank might be placed to carry -the chest on board, for, said she, ‘those books are to be -returned to a learned Professor, and I shall never be forgiven -if any mischance should befall them.’ At length the transport -was effected, and the large box deposited on the deck beside -Lieschen. The river was much swollen, the wind was raging, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span>the vessel heeled over to one side, and the girl had to beseech -the skipper to have the box secured with ropes, and down she -sat beside it in an agony of terror, both for herself and her -precious charge. She then threw a white handkerchief over -her head and let the ends flutter in the breeze, the signal that -had been agreed on between her and her mistress to show so -far all was well and the vessel in motion; for a servant in -the castle had added to the women’s accumulated terror by -predicting that the captain would not embark in such a storm.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The unhappy wife was straining her eyes, dimmed by tears, -between the bars of the window, while the maid sat shivering -with cold and fear, her head between her hands; and on the -top of the chest an officer of the garrison had taken up his -post, and drummed and pommelled with his feet against the -sides, and she dared not bid him desist from doing so—for -what reason could she assign for interference? At last she -bethought herself to ask him to get off, as there were not only -books but fragile china in the chest, and he might break it by -that constant shaking. The longest voyage, like the longest -day, will have an end, and surely that voyage from Loevenstein -to Gorcum must have seemed like one round the world to the -terrified girl; yet her fears did not deaden her woman’s wit, -and she was always ready with an answer. She bribed the -skipper and his son to transport the chest themselves to its -destination on a hand-barrow, beside which she walked. ‘Do -you hear what my boy says?’ observed the captain; ‘he declares -there is some living thing in your trunk, Miss.’ ‘No doubt,’ -was the answer, with a forced laugh; ‘don’t you know that -Arminian books are alive, full of motion and spirit?’ In this -manner the three companions, with the fourth concealed, -threaded the dense crowds of the fair at Gorcum, and made -their way to a warehouse which Lieschen indicated. It -belonged to a well-to-do tradesman (relative of a learned -professor, a friend of the prisoner’s), and the wife was one of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>those whom Maria von Grotius frequently visited on her -marketing expeditions to Gorcum. The bearers of the chest -were exorbitant in their demands, but Lieschen was very -anxious to be relieved of their presence, and made little -haggling about the price. No sooner had they departed than -the poor girl hastened into the shop where the ribbon-dealer -and his wife were busy selling their wares, and stepping noiselessly -up to the latter, whispered the truth in her astonished -ear. The startled Vrouw became deathly pale, and seemed -like to faint, but she left the shop with Lieschen, and then -what a moment of condensed and mingled hope and terror! -Lieschen kneeled down and knocked. ‘Master, dear master,’ -she exclaimed. No answer. ‘Oh my God, he is dead,’ cried -the girl, while her companion stood quaking with terror and -calling out it was a bad business. But hark! A feeble cry -from the inside, ‘Open quick, I was not sure of your voice.’ -The chest was opened, and Grotius arose, almost as from a -tomb. The still terrified shopwoman took Lieschen and her -master into an upper room through a trap-door, and then -began to tell him how alarmed she was, and that she feared, -if he were found, her husband would be imprisoned in his -stead, and all their property forfeited. ‘No, no,’ said Grotius, -‘before I got into this trunk I prayed earnestly to God, who -has preserved me hitherto, but rather than ruin you and your -husband, I would get into the box again, and go back to -Loevenstein.’ ‘Oh no,’ said the kind-hearted woman, ‘we will -do all in our power to serve you’; and off she flew to her -brother-in-law, a clothier of Gorcum, whom she found in -conversation with the very officer who had been Lieschen’s -fellow-passenger, and who had annoyed her by sitting on the -trunk. Drawing her relative aside, the mercer’s wife explained -the whole state of the case, and bade him follow her to the -warehouse without a moment’s delay, when she would introduce -him to the fugitive.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>The clothier was nothing loath to be instrumental in the -escape of a man whom he greatly admired, being himself -no mean scholar, and well acquainted with the writings of -Grotius, on entering whose presence, he thus addressed -him, ‘Are you, sir, that man with whose name the whole of -Europe is now ringing?’</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘I am Hugo Grotius,’ was the reply, ‘and into your hands -I commit my safety and my life.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>No time was lost. The clothier, who was acquainted with -every one in Gorcum, found the man he could trust, a mason -working on a scaffolding in the town. He beckoned him -down, and told him there was an errand of mercy to be performed, -to which a large reward was appended, and asked if -he would undertake the task. The mason answered in the -affirmative, and was then directed to procure a set of working-men’s -clothes, which unfortunately proved too scanty for -Grotius, and thus occasioned a new difficulty; the trunk-hose -and sleeves were too short, the latter revealing the finely -shaped white hand, whose hardest labour had hitherto been -the work of the pen. The two women had much ado to patch -up and lengthen out, and with dirt and clay, putty and plaster, -they smeared the hands of the great philosopher, and sent him -forth with fear and trembling, to run the gauntlet of many -dangers. Next door was a library, which was the resort of -learned professors, and book-lovers of all kinds, to many of -whom Grotius was known by sight. He slouched his felt hat -over his eyes, took his measuring-wand in his hand, and -followed the mason through the streets to the bank of the -river, where the friendly clothier met them. The weather was -still boisterous, and the boatmen refused to ply, till the mason -urged on them the necessity he was under of fulfilling a contract -for buying stone for a large building at Altona, and -assured them he would be a considerable loser by delay. -These arguments were backed by the clothier, who put his hand -<span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span>into his pocket, and drew forth the most convincing of all -arguments in the eyes of the boatmen. And at length the -embarkation was effected; the ferry crossed in safety, and -then the two masons walked to a neighbouring town, where -they hired a carriage, and entering into confidential talk with -the driver, informed him that the taller of the two was a disguised -bankrupt flying from his creditors into foreign territory, -and this, they said, would account for his wish to avoid -observation as they passed through the towns. On went the -little carriage, the driver of which was not long before he set -down Grotius as a fool who soon ‘parted with his money,’ -for of its value he showed a profound ignorance. In this -respect we see that the driver differed in opinion from the rest -of the world. They travelled through the night, and on the -morrow, arriving early within a few leagues of Antwerp, they -were met by a patrol of soldiers, who challenged them, asked -for their passport, and inquired to whose service they belonged. -Grotius evaded the question, and added jestingly, ‘As to my -passport, that is in my feet.’ They fraternised, and the fugitive -had now not only a military escort, but a good horse provided -for his own riding; and in this manner entered the city of -Antwerp. He alighted at the house of a banished friend, who -proved to be in great anxiety on account of his wife’s illness, -so the daughter of the family informed him; but no sooner -did her parents learn the name of their unexpected visitor, -than not only the master of the house, but the invalid herself -hastened down to bid him welcome. The meeting was indeed -a happy one, and although secrecy was deemed prudent, yet -the news spread among a few compatriots, under the same -sentence of proscription, who all flocked to the house, where -a joyous little banquet was prepared, at which the illustrious -journeyman mason, still in his working clothes, presided. Conversation -flowed, and glasses clinked merrily that night to the -health of Grotius and his gallant Maria, not forgetting the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>brave and faithful handmaiden. In the meantime how went -affairs at Loevenstein? Madame Grotius had given out that -her husband’s illness was infectious; but no sooner was she -apprised of his safety, than she laughed her gaoler and his -guards to scorn. ‘Here is the cage,’ she said merrily, ‘but -the bird has flown!’ The commandant rained curses on her -head, and increased the rigour of her imprisonment. He went -across the river to browbeat the good shopwoman and her -husband, but all this fuming and fretting did not bring back -the prisoner. Madame Grotius sent a petition to the States-General -and to the Stadtholder, to which neither were -insensible. It was on this occasion that Prince Maurice -(who was not wont to measure his words) made the ungallant -speech—‘I thought that <i>black pig</i> would outwit us.’ We can -fancy he said it with a grim smile, for very shortly afterwards -Madame Grotius found herself at liberty, with the permission -to carry away all that belonged to her in Loevenstein. -Grotius, on his part, addressed a letter to the States-General -before leaving Antwerp, in which he maintained that he had -done his duty as Pensionary of Rotterdam, in the measures -he had advocated, thereby incurring their censure, and he -proceeded at length to propound his political views, and to -offer suggestions for the restoration and maintenance of -internal peace, concluding by justifying the means he had -used for escape, having employed ‘neither violence nor corruption.’ -And he furthermore declared that the persecutions -he had suffered, and the hardships to which he had been -exposed, could never diminish his love for his country, for -whose prosperity he devoutly prayed.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Grotius remained some time at Antwerp, and then determined -on proceeding to France, where his wife and family -were allowed to join him; and Lieschen, good, brave Lieschen, -who would not rejoice to hear that her fate was one usually -reserved for the last page of a story-book—‘she lived happy -<span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>ever afterwards,’ becoming the wife of her faithful fellow-servant, -who had learned the rudiments of law from his master -during their captivity,—a study which the good man continued -on leaving Loevenstein, and rose step by step until he -became a thriving and respected advocate in the tribunals of -Holland.</p> - -<p class='c016'>But to return to Grotius: On his arrival in Paris he was -kindly received by the French King, who granted him a provisional -pension (very uncertain, by the way, in payment). In -a pleasant country-house which had been lent him, in the -environs of Senlis, he resumed his literary labours with great -assiduity, working first at his ‘Apology,’ which he wrote in his -mother-tongue, and sent off to Holland as soon as completed. -This was a full and detailed exposition of the motives which -had actuated his conduct, and of his religious and political -sentiments. It produced the greatest possible excitement in -Holland. The Government designated it as a foul and slanderous -libel, reflecting on the honour of the States, of the -Stadtholder, and all manner of bodies magisterial and municipal. -The publication was interdicted, and every person -forbidden, on pain of death, to retain it in their possession. -In the meantime the ‘Apology’ was published, and eagerly read -in Paris, and Grotius now set to work on his famous treatise -on the Rights of Peace and War.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The pretty country-house in which he lived was the resort -of men of letters, and among his frequent visitors was the -learned De Thou, who gave him the free use of his valuable -library. In 1625, on the death of Prince Maurice, the exile -wrote to the new Stadtholder, Frederic Henry, asking permission -to return, but without success. He then sent his -wife into Holland, and through her judicious management -and the exertions of his friends, the reversal of the decree of -confiscation was obtained, and his property and effects were -restored to him. At length he ventured back to his own -<span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span>country in person, and first proceeded to Rotterdam, where -he was cordially received in private, but the authorities would -not sanction his appearance in public, and the same reception -awaited him at Amsterdam and Delft. The States-General, -of whom he disdained to ask pardon (‘for,’ said he, ‘in what -have I offended?’) were exasperated at his boldness in venturing -back without permission, and orders were given to seize -his person, and give notice to the Government, while a reward -of 2000 florins was offered for his capture; but Grotius was -too much beloved; no one was found to betray him. Still -his position was undoubtedly perilous, and joining his wife on -her return from Zeeland, they took up their abode for the -summer and winter in or near the town of Hamburg.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Grotius was now overwhelmed with proposals of employment, -and overtures of all descriptions from foreign powers—Spain, -Poland, the Duchy of Holstein, and the hero Gustavus -Adolphus, King of Sweden, for whom our philosopher had -the profoundest veneration. With this monarch’s envoy at -the French Court, Benedict Oxenstiern, a relative of the -celebrated Chancellor, Grotius had formed an intimate friendship, -and when they were both residing at Frankfort, they -became almost inseparable. The King of Sweden died, and -was succeeded by his daughter, the eccentric Christina, whose -admiration for the fame of Grotius even exceeded that of her -father. Through the medium of Oxenstiern she made him -numerous offers, but Grotius declined all but one employment. -He volunteered to return to Paris as the Swedish -Ambassador, provided the Queen would allow him a sufficient -salary to maintain his position as her representative, which -nomination was most distasteful to Richelieu, who was then -Prime Minister. But after a time his opposition was overruled, -and Grotius made his public entry into the French -capital, where the crooked and tortuous policy pursued by -Richelieu, and continued by his successor, Cardinal Mazarin, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span>was most distasteful to Christina’s envoy, added to which he -was weary of politics, diplomacy, and Court life, and earnestly -solicited his recall. Christina acquiesced in the demand, but -desired him to repair to Stockholm, where she joined him. -Her Majesty did all in her power by promises of provision -and favour for himself, his wife, and family, to induce Grotius -to become a resident in her country. But he withstood -all her tempting offers. Many difficulties to his departure -were thrown in his way, but at last he embarked on a -vessel bound for Lubeck. He had not been long at sea before -a tremendous storm arose, and after three days continual -tossing, and constant danger of shipwreck, the passengers -landed on the coast of Pomerania, about fourteen miles from -Dantzig. Grotius was far from well when he left Stockholm; -the climate had proved too cold for him. He had been very -ill on the voyage, and after travelling sixty miles in an open -wagon, exposed to violent wind and rain, he arrived at Rostock -in a most enfeebled condition. No sooner had he -arrived than he sent for the doctor and the clergyman, who -thus describes his interview in a letter: ‘If you are anxious -to know how that Phœnix of literature, Hugo Grotius, behaved -in his last moments, I will tell you. He sent for me at night. -I found him almost at the point of death, and told him how -deeply I regretted that I had never seen him in health, to benefit -by his conversation. “God has ordered it otherwise,” he said. -I then bade him prepare for a happier life; to acknowledge and -repent his sins, and, chancing to allude to the Pharisee and -the publican, “I am that publican,” he exclaimed. When I -told him to have recourse to Jesus Christ, without whom is no -salvation, he answered: “In Him alone I place my trust.” -Then I repeated aloud the German prayer that begins, “Herr -Jesu.” He followed in a low voice with clasped hands. I -inquired if he understood all, and he said, “Quite well.” I -continued to read passages of the Word of God for dying -<span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span>persons.’ Thus expired this great and good man, far from the -kindred he loved, his heart still true to the country which -had rejected and expelled him, his deathbed watched by -strangers. His body was embalmed and transported to his -native city of Delft, where it was interred with great pomp by -his fellow-citizens, who at first proposed to erect a statue in -his honour, similar to that of Erasmus at Rotterdam, but the -idea was abandoned. It was reserved for his descendants to -raise a monument to his memory in the said church. We -transcribe the modest epitaph written by Grotius on himself—</p> - -<div class='lh-1'> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div>GROTIUS HIC HUGO EST, BATAVUM CAPTIVUS, ET EXUL</div> - <div>LEGATUS REGNY REGNI SUECIS MAGNAFUI.</div> - </div> -</div> - -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. THE HONOURABLE ANDREW NEWPORT.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. Light brown sleeves. Rich lace cravat. Long hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1622, DIED 1699.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Lord Newport, the noted -Royalist, by Rachel, daughter of Sir John -Levison, Knight, of Harington, County Kent, -and sister of Sir Richard Levison, Knight of -the Bath, of Trentham, County Stafford.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Andrew was Commissioner of Customs to -Charles the Second. He was M.P. for Shrewsbury from 1689 -to 1698. Died unmarried, and was buried at Wroxeter. He -bequeathed his manor of Dythan, County Montgomery, and -other estates in the same county, and in that of Salop, to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span>his nephew Richard, Lord Newport, son of Francis, Earl of -Bradford. Lord Clarendon, in his <i>History of the Civil Wars</i>, -makes frequent mention of Andrew Newport.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 9. THOMAS WENTWORTH, EARL OF STRAFFORD, AND HIS SECRETARY.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1594, EXECUTED 1641.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>After Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE eldest son of Sir William Wentworth of -Wentworth Wodehouse, County York, by -Anne Atkinson of Stowel, County Gloucester. -He succeeded his father in his large estates -when only twenty-one, being already the -husband of ‘a fair wife.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Shortly after his succession he was elected M.P. for York -and <i>Custos Rotulorum</i> in place of Lord Savile, superseded on -account of misconduct, an office from which the Duke of -Buckingham requested him to retire that Lord Savile might -be reinstated, a proceeding which nettled the high spirit of -Sir Thomas, who wrote a refusal so indignant as to make a -lifelong enemy of the favourite.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Until the accession of Charles the First, Wentworth, -although a silent member of the House of Commons, was a -zealous advocate of the Liberal party and a strenuous opposer of -the encroachments of the Court. Through the instrumentality -of Buckingham he was disqualified from voting by having the -post of High Sheriff thrust upon him, and he was soon after -summarily dismissed from his office of <i>Custos Rotulorum</i>. In -<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>the ensuing year he was summoned before the Council and -sentenced to imprisonment for refusing to contribute to a loan -(levied without the consent of Parliament), on which occasion -he made a noble speech expressing his loyalty to the person of -Charles the First and his desire to serve him in any way consistent -with his duty to his country. On his release from -prison he became a strong leader of the Opposition and an -eloquent advocate of the famous ‘Petition of Rights,’ to which -the King was compelled to yield his unwilling consent. Then -suddenly came the adoption of that line of conduct, so differently -judged and so differently accounted for by different -biographers. Wentworth declared his conviction that the -nation might now be content with the concessions made by -the Crown, bade adieu to the party of the ‘Pyms and the -Prynnes,’ walked over to the other side of the House and -offered his services, head, heart, and sword, to the royal cause. -By some he was termed a traitor, a time-server, an apostate, -while others upheld the conduct of a man who chose the -moment of impending danger to rally round the unsteady -throne and the unpopular sovereign. Charles naturally received -him with open arms, and loaded him with favours; but -his old ally, Pym, meeting him one day, uttered these ominous -words, ‘You are going to leave us, but I will never leave -you while you have ahead on your shoulders’; words too -cruelly redeemed.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The murder of the Duke of Buckingham made way for -Wentworth’s advancement. Raised to the peerage by the -title of Viscount Wentworth, he was appointed Lord-Deputy -and Commander-in-Chief in Ireland, and sailed for that -‘distressful country’ with a code for his own government, -drawn up by himself, in his pocket, from which he never -swerved. Lord Wentworth’s administration of Irish affairs, -his transient popularity, his reforms in matters civil, military, -and religious, his quarrels with the Irish nobles, his punctilio -<span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span>in minute questions of form and ceremony, his hurried voyages -to and from England, are subjects intimately connected with -the history of the times, but too lengthy to be detailed here. -It would have been well for the Lord-Deputy if he had taken -the advice of his lifelong friend and correspondent, Archbishop -Laud, and had curbed his impetuosity on many -occasions.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1639 he crossed to England, was created Earl of Strafford, -gained the title of Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, was -received into the King’s full confidence, and was for a time -virtually Prime Minister. Not content with advocating the -necessities of raising subsidies, he contributed £20,000 from -his own privy purse (as an example to the nation) towards the -impending war with Scotland. In spite of ill-health and -increasing infirmities, Strafford crossed and recrossed St. -George’s Channel to attend to his duties on either side; the -last time in a terrible storm, and nearly died at Chester, on his -road to London. Yet his indomitable spirit would not yield. -He joined the King at York, and found the army in a sad -plight, all hope and spirit fled, and the royal cause ‘in the -dust.’ He became the real, though not the nominal, Commander-in-chief, -and although unable to walk, and scarcely -able to sit upright on his saddle, Strafford rallied the troops, -upbraided the sluggishness of the leaders, and set a brilliant -example of energy and courage. But the King stayed his -hand and thwarted his activity, loud all the while in his -praises, and giving him the Garter. Charles also insisted that -they should travel together to London, a proceeding to which -Strafford was strongly opposed,—two victims hastening to their -doom.</p> - -<p class='c016'>A few days after the opening of Parliament Pym began his -long-meditated attack on his former friend—the blood-hounds -were on the track, the hunt was up. Our limited space forbids -us to do more than glance at the circumstances of Strafford’s -<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>arrest and trial, but in truth it is a well-known tale. He was -impeached by Pym of high treason, compelled to listen to the -charge on his knees, was given into custody, and lodged in the -Tower. There is extant a most graphic description of the -scene which Westminster Hall presented on the occasion of -the trial, crowded to the roof, the King and Queen being -present, and the whole court and nobility of England, ladies of -the highest rank, whose tears flowed copiously, and whose -verdict was unanimous in favour of the illustrious prisoner. -It was well said by the elder Disraeli, that ‘Strafford’s -eloquence was so great as to perpetuate the sympathy which -he received in the hour of his agony.’ He had indeed need -of his eloquence. Every obstacle was thrown in his way, -especially in the matter of summoning witnesses, while his -personal enemies were invited from all parts of the country. -His confidence was betrayed, his words perverted, the whole -proceedings were unlawful and unprecedented, and the Solicitor-General -heaped insults on the accused. A Bill of Attainder -was provided, and the few individuals who gave negative votes -had their names posted up in the City as Straffordians.</p> - -<p class='c016'>There was a passage of arms between the two Houses on the -subject, but the vultures were hovering round, and would not -be disappointed of their prey. Thomas Wentworth, Earl of -Strafford, was declared guilty of high treason. On this sad -passage, the saddest of all in Charles’s sad life, we need not -dwell long. He had pledged his royal word to his noble -friend, ‘You shall not suffer in honour, in fortune, or in life.’ -Yet after some hesitation and delay, weeping all the time, he -signed the death-warrant, laying up for himself hours of deep -remorse during the few years he survived. The generous -prisoner wrote to his master, indeed, to absolve him from his -promise; but when he learned he was to prepare for death, -he raised his eyes to heaven exclaiming, ‘Put not your trust -in princes, or in any child of man.’</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span>During the short interval between the sentence and the -execution, the captive busied himself in settling his worldly -affairs, writing wise, tender, and pathetic letters to his relatives, -and devoting his mind to the fulfilment of his religious duties.</p> - -<p class='c016'>An earnest request to be allowed to visit his attached friend -and fellow-prisoner, Archbishop Laud, was cruelly refused, and -he was only permitted to send him a message, entreating the -prelate’s blessing as he passed to execution. Accordingly, -on the 12th of May 1641, Strafford, on his way to the scaffold, -raised his eyes to the window of the cell where the Archbishop -was confined, and perceived the aged and trembling -hand waving through the bars a solemn farewell to the man -he had so long and so faithfully loved. Thousands of spectators -lined the streets, the passions of the mob had been so -excited against the prisoner that the guards kept close to the -carriage lest he should be torn to pieces. Strafford smiled -calmly, and remarked it would matter little to him whether he -died by the hands of the executioner or by those of the people. -‘He had faced death too often to fear it in any shape.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>His friend, Archbishop Ussher, and his brother, Sir George -Wentworth, were already on the platform. Strafford spoke -for some time. He declared that his whole aim through life -had been the joint and individual prosperity of the King and -the people, although he had had the misfortune to be misconstrued. -He denied all the charges brought against him, -asked forgiveness of all men he had injured, and prayed ‘that -we may all meet eternally in heaven, where sad thoughts shall -be driven from our hearts, and tears wiped from our eyes.’ -Then he bade farewell to those near him, embracing his -brother, by whom he sent tender messages to his wife and -children. ‘One stroke,’ he said, ‘will make my wife husbandless, -my children fatherless, my servants masterless; but let -God be to you and to them all in all.’ Taking off his doublet, -he thanked God he could do so as cheerfully as ever he did -<span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span>when going to bed. Then he forgave the executioner and all -the world. It was indeed an imposing scene,—Strafford on -that momentous day apparently restored to all the energy of -health and vigour, his symmetrical form, his regular features, -with a complexion ‘pallid but manly.’ Once more he knelt -in prayer between the Archbishop and the Minister, tried the -block, and having warned the executioner that he would give -the sign, stretched forth his white and beautifully formed -hands, which Vandyck has immortalised, which Henrietta -Maria, his sworn enemy, had pronounced the finest in the -world; and one stroke from the cruel axe ended the mortal -career of Thomas, Earl of Strafford.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He was thrice married,—first, to Lady Margaret Clifford, -who died childless; secondly, to Lady Arabella Holles, -daughter to the Earl of Clare, by whom he had one son and -two daughters; and thirdly, to Elizabeth, daughter of Sir -Godfrey Rhodes (the marriage was a clandestine one), from -whom he was separated for a period immediately after the -ceremony, and it was some time before he would acknowledge -her openly; in fact a mystery hung over the whole matter. -Lord Strafford’s letters to this lady during his trial were -couched in affectionate terms. She bore him several children, -one of whom alone survived him. Of his connection with -that beautiful schemer, Lady Carlisle, born Percy, there can -be no doubt,—‘she who,’ says Sir Philip Warwick, ‘changed -her gallant from Strafford to Pym, thus going over to his -deadly enemy’; but there were many other names coupled -with that of Lord Strafford, apparently without any reason, -save the love of slander.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 10. COLONEL THE HONOURABLE JOHN RUSSELL.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown embroidered dress. Wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1681.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the youngest son of Francis, fourth -Earl of Bedford, by Catherine Bridges. He -served with distinction in the royal army -under Charles the First, and at the Restoration -was appointed Colonel of the first -regiment of the Foot Guards. At one time -there were negotiations carrying on for his marriage with a -daughter of the Earl of Bath, which was prevented by the -young lady’s family, who were desirous she should marry her -cousin, heir to the Earldom of Bath. The gallant colonel -then became a suitor for the hand of the famous beauty La -Belle Hamilton. There is a laughable description of him in -the <i>Memoires de Grammont</i>, and we cannot but think that as -the chronicler himself carried off the prize, he might have been -rather more generous in his delineation of an unsuccessful -rival:</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘M. Le Colonel Russell avoit bien soixante ans, son -courage et sa fidélité l’avoient distingué dans les guerres -civiles. Il n’y avoit pas longtemps qu’on avoit quitté le ridicule, -des chapeaux pointus, pour tomber dans l’autre extrémité. Le -vieux Russell, effraié d’une chute si terrible, voulut prendre -un milieu qui le rendit remarquable. Il l’étoit encore par la -constance envers les pourpoints taillardés qu’il a soutenus -longtemps après leur suppression universelle. Mais ce qui -surprenoit le plus c’étoit un certain mélange d’avarice et de -libéralité sans cesse en guerre l’une avec l’autre, depuis qu’il y -étoit avec l’amour.’</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span>He was selected by his nephew, Lord Russell, to carry -the noble letter which the prisoner had written from Newgate -on the 19th July 1683 to the King.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. FRANCIS RUSSELL, FOURTH EARL OF BEDFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1641.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Remée.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the only son of William Russell, called -the Heroic Baron of Thornhaugh, whom he -accompanied to Ireland when only nine years -old. A curious picture at Woburn leads us -to believe that the young Francis shared his -father’s love of sport, being there represented -in a white hunting jacket with green hose, a hawk on his hand, -and two dogs in couples beside him. He was knighted in -1604 by James the First, at Whitehall, and the ensuing year -he married Catherine, daughter and co-heir of Gyles Brydges, -third Lord Chandos, with whom he lived very happily; and -during the first years of his marriage he devoted himself to -domestic life, and took great delight in study. Having -received a legal education he prosecuted his researches into -questions of law, parliamentary privileges and the like, which -were destined to prove useful to him in his public career. -He succeeded his father, as Baron Thornhaugh, in 1613; -and his cousin, Edward Russell, in the Earldom of Bedford -in 1627. He frequented the society of such men as Sir -Robert Cotton, Selden, Eliott, and was ever ready, says -<span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>one of his biographers, to uphold the liberty of the -subject against such despots as James the First. On -the accession of Charles the First, Lord Bedford continued -the same independent line of conduct, and several times fell -under the displeasure of the Court. In 1628 he distinguished -himself by his steadfast advocacy of the famous Petition of -Rights (to which Charles was in the end compelled to give an -unwilling consent); and he received in consequence the royal -commands to betake himself to the distant county of Devonshire, -of which he was Lord-Lieutenant. Both political bias -and private friendship attached him to the so-called popular -party, which laid down as their principle for action ‘to prescribe -limits to the monarchical power.’ The profession of -such opinions naturally led to the fact that Lord Bedford, -among many others, became an object of suspicion to the -Court. A rumour was set on foot that he had been instrumental -in the circulation of a seditious pamphlet, and on this -plea he was arrested and imprisoned for a short time. In -1630 he took a prominent part in the drainage of the Fens in -the centre of England, including the counties of North Hants, -Lincoln, Hunts, Bedford, Cambridge, and Norfolk; called -the Great Level, and subsequently in his honour the Bedford -Level. In 1637 this generous and public-minded man had -expended for his own share of this great work £100,000, but -he was not destined to witness its completion. The part -that Lord Bedford took in the political events of the day—in -the struggles between King and Parliament, in the differences -with the Scots—is not all this written in the chronicles of the -civil wars of Charles the First’s disastrous reign? Suffice -it to say that some of the popular Lords, and Lord Bedford -in particular, became aware of the advisability of moderation, -and the necessity of curbing the headlong opposition of the -popular party. But we cannot do better than to quote the -eloquent words of the great historian Lord Clarendon (then -<span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span>Mr. Hyde). He says: ‘This Lord was the person of the greatest -interest in the whole party, being of the best estate and best -understanding, and therefore most likely to govern the rest.’ -He was also of great civility and good-nature, and though -occasionally hot-tempered, and for the moment impatient of -contradiction, yet his opinions were wise and moderate. He -was a good adviser to the King, and served him in the end -far better than many who cajoled and flattered him. Lord -Bedford was a man of strict religion, and withstood the -attempt to evict the bishops from the Upper House. He with -many others of the same party were sworn of the Privy -Council, and in this manner gained Charles’s ear, and exercised -some degree of influence over him in regulating and modifying -measures that appeared prejudicial to the common good. -He was selected to be one of the Lords Commissioners sent -to confer with the Scots in the hope to compose the long-existing -differences. The King liked to transact business -with him, and was inclined to listen to his suggestions as to -persons fitted to be appointed to offices of state. Indeed -Charles pressed upon Lord Bedford himself the post of Lord -Treasurer, ‘which the Bishop of London was as willing to lay -down as any one else could be to take up,’ but Lord Bedford -refused the office. He was one of the few Peers (to his -honour be it spoken) who exerted himself to the utmost to -save the life of Lord Strafford. He pleaded his cause vainly -with his colleague, the Earl of Essex; and finding him -inexorable, prevailed on Mr. Hyde (in a long interview he had -on the subject) to intercede with Lord Essex. He also -endeavoured to keep the King up to his original intention of -commuting or mitigating the sentence. He observed to Mr. -Hyde that he thought ‘the Earl of Strafford’s business was a -rock on which they would all split, and that he was sure the -passion of Parliament would undo the kingdom.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>But a sudden attack of illness arrested Lord Bedford’s -<span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span>useful and noble career. He was seized with the small-pox, -and on ascertaining the fact, his first step was to send away -his daughter, Lady Brooke, lest she should fall a victim -to the fell disease which wrought such havoc in the house -of Russell, seeing that his son and great-grandson both died -of the same. Lord Bedford was very much averse to the -treatment which his physician, Dr. Cragg, prescribed for him, -namely, to be kept a close prisoner to his bed. And when -forbidden to get up, he sighed dolefully and said, ‘Well, then, -I must die to observe your rules.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Dr. Cademan, a medical man who had advocated a -different treatment, published a pamphlet, which gave as -his opinion that Lord Bedford ‘had died of too much bed, -rather than of the small-pox.’ The same authority, speaking -of the Earl’s devotion, says: ‘I never saw the like, though I -have waited upon many who had no other business left but to -die well. Commending his body to be buried with decency, -but without pomp, his breath was spent before his hands and -eyes ceased to be lifted up to Heaven, as if his soul would -have carried his body along with it.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>So passed away on the 9th of May 1641 Francis Russell, -called the wise Earl of Bedford, a loss to the unfortunate -Strafford, whose sentence was carried out in a few days; a loss -to the King, whose wholesome adviser he was; a loss to the -popular party, whose violence he would fain have curbed. -His death was universally mourned, and every mark of respect -paid to his memory. Three hundred coaches with Peers and -their servants attended; a long and solemn procession followed -the body on its road to Chenies, the burying-place of the -Russell family, with led horses, banners displayed, Garter -King-at-Arms, ‘all the pomp of heraldry and pride of power’; -and this great and good man was interred amid the prayers -and tears of a large multitude. His widow survived him -some years, and was then buried beside him.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No</i>. 13. WILLIAM, LORD RUSSELL.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. Long flowing hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1639, EXECUTED 1683.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Russell.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was born second son of William, fifth Earl, -afterwards first Duke, of Bedford. He went -with his elder brother, Lord Russell, to -Cambridge, and later travelled in his company, -and that of a learned tutor on the Continent. -At Augsburg the brothers separated, -and William proceeded to Lyons, whence his letters home -proved he amused himself very much, and amidst a gay -and brilliant society formed a close acquaintance with the -eccentric and celebrated ex-Queen, Christina of Sweden, who -appeared to have gained great influence over the young -Englishman, who evinced a great inclination for some time to -enter the Swedish army as a volunteer. His letters during his -sojourn in France, many of which were addressed to his tutor, -to whom he was much attached, do him honour. When <i>en -route</i> for England he fell sick at Paris, and finding himself, -as he writes, ‘at the gates of death,’ he assures his old friend -that he prays constantly to God to ‘give me grace that I may -employ in His service the life His mercy has spared to me.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>On his arrival at home, William for a time devoted himself -to the care of his brother, then in ill-health, and to giving -his father assistance in domestic affairs. At the Restoration, -Lord Bedford and his family were marked out for favour, and -the Earl carried the sceptre at the Coronation, and soon after -William was elected member for Tavistock. Handsome, -accomplished, and nobly born, he became a shining light at -the brilliant Court of Charles the Second, but his tastes were -<span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span>too earnest, and his bias too virtuous to find any lasting satisfaction -in a society so frivolous and immoral. An early -attachment to a good and beautiful woman proved a strong -safeguard to the young courtier, which was crowned about the -year 1669, by a marriage, the happiness of which family and -historical records can vouch. It was indeed a well-assorted -union, the commencement of ‘domestic bliss,’ as the poet says, -‘the only happiness which has survived the Fall.’ William -Russell’s choice was Rachel, the daughter of the noble loyalist, -Thomas Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, and the -daughter-in-law of the Earl of Carbery, being the widow of -his eldest son, Lord Vaughan. We refer our readers to our -sketch of Lady Russell’s life, who retained her widowed title -of Lady Vaughan until the death of William’s elder brother. -In the meantime he began his political career by a zealous and -conscientious attention to his parliamentary duties, and was -not long before he incurred the lasting animosity of the Duke -of York, and indeed of the King himself, by his zealous opposition -to many arbitrary measures proposed by the Court -party, which, in Russell’s opinion, were calculated to endanger -‘the liberty of the subject, the safety of the kingdom, and the -welfare of the Protestant religion.’ In 1679 he was made a -Privy Councillor, a dignity he did not long enjoy, for we read -shortly after ‘that the Lords Russell, Cavendish, and others, -finding the King’s heart and head were against popular councils, -and that their presence in Council could no longer prevent -pernicious measures, and not being willing to serve him -against the interests of their country, went to him together, -and desired him to excuse their attendance any more at -Council.’ The King gladly accepted their resignation, for he -wanted men who would promote his arbitrary measures, and -thus, says Smollett, ‘Lord Russell, one of the most popular -and virtuous men of the nation, quitted the Council Board.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>He was a prominent promoter of the Bill of Exclusion to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>prevent the Duke of York, or any Papist whatsoever, from -succeeding to the Throne. When the Bill passed the Commons, -it was Lord Russell who carried it in person to the -Upper House, on which occasion he made a most eloquent -speech, and wound up by saying that in the event of changes -so occurring, he should be prevented living a Protestant, it -was his fixed resolution to die one. But all opposition to the -Papal succession was unavailing, and in 1681 the King dissolved -Parliament, by which means Lord Russell found himself -at liberty for a short space to indulge in the retirement -and pleasures of a happy home with the wife and children he -adored. But his country’s welfare was ever paramount in -his mind, and he kept up his interest in public affairs.</p> - -<p class='c016'>During the ensuing summer the Prince of Orange visited -England, and had several interviews and confidential conversations -with Lord Russell, who, moreover, made himself doubly -obnoxious to the Court party by meeting the Duke of Monmouth -in his progress through the North, at the head of a considerable -body of men.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In conversation with his domestic chaplain Lord Russell -once remarked that he was convinced he should one day fall -a sacrifice, since arbitrary government could never be set up -in England while he lived to oppose it, and that to the last drop -of his blood. And it was evident he took little pains to prevent -the fulfilment of his own prophecy. This was a period -of plots and counter-plots. There had been much talk lately -of a Popish plot, and now the Protestant, or Rye House Plot, -was said to have been discovered, the object of which, it was -affirmed, was to seize the persons of the King and Duke of -York on their return from Newmarket. The enemies of Lord -Russell, and several other noblemen, who participated in his -political views, were glad to take hold of any pretext to secure -the ruin of the men on whose downfall they were bent, and -many of the highest of England’s nobility were now loudly -<span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span>accused of being implicated in the conspiracy, and orders -were issued for their arrest. The Duke of Monmouth was -not forthcoming, but Lord Russell, strong in his own innocence, -refused to make his escape, though strongly urged to -do so by many of his friends. He disdained the notion of -flight, though from the beginning he gave himself up for lost. -So he sat calmly in his study awaiting the arrival of the -officers, to whom he made no resistance, and was conveyed -first to the Tower and thence to Newgate.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Essex was the next so-called conspirator apprehended, -and he also refused every argument for flight, saying that he -considered his own life not worth saving, if by drawing suspicion -on Lord Russell, so valuable a life as his, also should -be endangered. The Duke of Monmouth had it conveyed to -Lord Russell that he would willingly give himself up and share -his fate. But the noble prisoner answered it would be no -advantage to him that his friends should suffer, and so, on -the 13th of July 1683, William, Lord Russell, stood at the -bar of the Old Bailey on a charge of high treason. That very -morning the Lord Essex, who was only a prisoner of three -days’ standing, was found dead in the Tower with his throat -cut. This strange and melancholy event gave rise to conflicting -rumours. Many people were of opinion that there had -been foul play, and Evelyn was as surprised as he was -grieved, ‘My Lord Essex being so well known to me as a man -of sober and religious deportment.’ The news coming to -Westminster Hall on the very day of Lord Russell’s trial, was -said to have had no little influence on the verdict which the -jury returned. The prisoner’s demeanour during his examination -was marked by calm dignity and absence of any sign -of agitation, though he occasionally expostulated against the -injustice with which the proceedings were carried on. Being -asked how he wished to be tried, he replied, ‘By God -and my country.’ Alas! alas! the voices of Justice and of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_52'>52</span>Mercy were alike unheard in the courts of law that day. The -prisoner represented that he had been kept in ignorance, until -the moment of his appearing at the bar, of the nature of the -charges which were to be brought against him, and that he -was allowed no time to select his own counsel, etc. etc. He -asked permission to employ the hand of another to take -notes of the evidence, upon which the Attorney-General -(resolved to deprive him of the help of any counsel) churlishly -replied, he might have one of his own servants to assist him. -‘Then,’ said Lord Russell, ‘the only assistance I will ask is -that of the lady beside me.’ At these words, says a contemporary -writer, ‘a thrill of anguish passed through the court’—a -moment of intense pathos, the frequent and glowing -records of which, by poet, painter, and historian, pale before -the vivid colouring of the fact itself: the noble prisoner -turning in his hour of utmost need to the gentle helpmate -beside him, his servant, in the literal acceptation of the word—for -who could love or serve him better? Rachel, Lady -Russell, rose with a calm she had borrowed from her husband’s -example. Crushing down and stifling the varied -emotions of sorrow, indignation, and apprehension, forcing -back the rising tears lest they should dim the vision of the -scribe, clenching the small white hand to restore its requisite -steadiness, Rachel stood motionless for an instant, with -every eye upon her—the cold scrutiny of the cruel judges, -the inquisitive stare of false friends and perjured witnesses,—while -the Attorney-General, in a more subdued tone of -voice, said, ‘As the lady pleases.’ She then with a firm -step left her husband’s side, and took up her post at the -table below. That picture still remains stamped on the -memory of her countrymen through the lapse of more than -two centuries, and many who only half remember the details -of that remarkable trial, and its undoubted importance as -regards subsequent events, still bear in mind the touching -<span class='pageno' id='Page_53'>53</span>episode of the beautiful secretary, the faithful servant, the -devoted wife and widow of William, Lord Russell. The -jury were not long in returning the verdict of Guilty,—‘an -act,’ says Rapin, ‘of the most crying injustice that ever was -perpetrated in England.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>To the cruel and hideous sentence for the execution of -‘a traitor,’ which was read aloud in English (instead of -Latin) by his own desire, the prisoner listened with that -decency and composure, ‘which,’ Burnet tells us, ‘characterised -his whole behaviour during the trial; even as if the -issue were a matter of indifference to him.’ The result of -the proceedings produced an intense excitement. The most -strenuous efforts were made in all quarters to save Lord -Russell’s life both at home and abroad. It was intimated to -the King that M. de Ruvigny, a kinsman of Lady Russell’s -in favour at the Court of France, was coming over with a -special message from Louis the Fourteenth to intercede for -the prisoner; but Charles was said to have answered with -cruel levity that he should be ‘happy to receive M. de -Ruvigny, but that Lord Russell’s head would be off before -he arrived.’ Many men of position and influence waited on -the King in person, and argued with him on the bad effect -the execution would produce in many quarters. The -Duchess of Portsmouth had a large sum of money offered -to secure her interference, but all in vain. Then Lord -Russell’s ‘noble consort’ cast herself at the King’s feet, and -adjured him, by the memory of her father, the loyal and -gallant Southampton, to let his services atone for ‘the -errors into which honest but mistaken principles had seduced -her husband.’ This was the last instance of female weakness, -if it deserve the name, into which Rachel Russell was -betrayed. But Charles was inexorable. He whose weak -heart was too easily swayed by beauty, too frequently overcome -by emotion of a baser kind, remained impervious to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_54'>54</span>the tears and anguish of this lovely and virtuous woman. -Even the scanty mercy of a short respite was denied her. -She rose from her knees, collected her courage, and from -that moment she fortified herself against the fatal blow, and -endeavoured by her example to strengthen the resolution of -her husband. ‘She gave me no disturbance,’ was one of the -touching tributes he paid her. Lord Cavendish sent a proposition -to the prisoner offering to facilitate his escape, even -to change clothes with him, and remain in his stead; but -Lord Russell returned a firm though grateful refusal, considering -the plan impracticable, unlawful, and dangerous to -his faithful friend, and so prepared quietly and calmly for -the end, expressing his conviction that the day of his execution -would not be so disturbing to him as the day of his -trial. The time allotted to him was short. He occupied -himself much in writing. He addressed a letter to the King, -which he intrusted to his uncle, Colonel John Russell, to -deliver to Charles immediately after the execution; a noble -and temperate letter, in which the writer hopes his Majesty -will excuse the presumption of an attainted man. He asks -pardon for anything he might have said or done that looked -like a want of respect to the King or duty to the Government. -He acquits himself of all designs (and goes on to -declare his ignorance of any such) against either King or -Government.</p> - -<p class='c023'>‘Yet I do not deny that I have heard many -things, and said some, contrary to my duty, for which I have -asked God’s pardon, and do now humbly beg your Majesty’s. -I take the liberty to add <i>that though I have met with hard -measure, yet I forgive all concerned in it, from the highest to the -lowest</i>; and I pray God to bless your person and government, -and that the public peace and the true Protestant -religion may be preserved under you; and I crave leave to -end my days with this sincere protestation, that my heart -was ever devoted to that which I thought was your true -<span class='pageno' id='Page_55'>55</span>interest, in which, if I was mistaken, I hope that your displeasure -will end with my life, and that no part of it shall -fall on my wife and children, being the last petition that -will ever be offered from your Majesty’s most faithful, most -dutiful, and most obedient servant, <span class='sc'>Russell</span>.</p> - -<p class='c024'>‘<span class='sc'>Newgate</span>, <i>July 19, 1683</i>.’</p> - -<p class='c022'>He further drew up a long and detailed defence and -explanation of his whole conduct, to be given by his own -hands to the Sheriffs on the scaffold,—a precious record, -preserved in letters of gold among the most cherished -archives at Woburn, the scene of the noble writer’s youth -and childhood.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The evening before his death, after bidding adieu to some -of his friends, his wife and children came to take a last farewell. -He parted with them (tender father and devoted husband -as he was) in composed silence, and Lady Russell had -such control over herself that when she was gone he said, -‘The bitterness of death is past.’ ‘He talked,’ says Burnet, -‘at much length about her. It had rather grieved him that she -had run about so much beating every bush for his preservation, -but that, perhaps, it would be a mitigation of her sorrow -to feel she had done all in her power to save him.’ ‘Yet,’ he -said, ‘what a blessing it was that she had that magnanimity of -spirit joined to her tenderness as never to have desired him -to do a base thing for the saving of his own life; there was a -signal providence of God in giving him such a wife, with -birth, fortune, understanding, religion, and great kindness to -him. But her carriage in his extremity was above all! It was -a comfort to leave his children in such a mother’s hands, -who had promised him to take care of herself for his sake.’ -Burnet further tells us that ‘the prisoner received the Sacrament -from Archbishop Tillotson with much devotion, and I -preached two short sermons, which he heard with great affection. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_56'>56</span>He went into his chamber about midnight, and I stayed -the whole night in the adjoining room. He went to bed -about two in the morning, and was fast asleep about four, -when, by his desire, we called him. He was quickly dressed, -and lost no time in shaving, for he said he was not concerned -in his good looks that day. He went two or three times back -into his chamber to pray by himself, and then came and -prayed again with Tillotson and me. He drank a little tea -and some sherry, and then he said now he had done with -time, and was going to eternity. He asked what he should -give the executioner, and I told him ten guineas; he smiled, -and said it was a pretty thing to give a fee to have his head -cut off. The Sheriffs came about ten o’clock; Lord Cavendish -was waiting below to take leave of him. They embraced -very tenderly. Lord Russell on a second thought came back -and pressed Cavendish earnestly to apply himself more to -religion, telling him what great comfort and support he felt -from it now in his extremity. Tillotson and I went in the -coach with him. Some of the crowd wept, while others -insulted him; he was touched with the one expression, but -did not seem provoked by the other. He was singing psalms -most of the way, and said he hoped to sing better soon. -Looking at the great crowd he said ‘I hope I shall soon see a -much better assembly.’ He walked about the scaffold four or -five times, then he turned to the Sheriffs, and in presenting -the paper he protested his innocence of any design against the -King’s life, or any attempt to subvert the Government. He -prayed God to preserve the Protestant religion, and earnestly -wished that Protestants should love one another, and not -make way for Popery by their animosities. He forgave all his -enemies, and died in charity with all mankind. After this -he prayed again with Archbishop Tillotson, and more than -once by himself. Then William Russell stood erect, arranged -his dress, and, without the slightest change of countenance, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_57'>57</span>laid his noble head upon the block, ‘which was struck off -(says Evelyn) by three butcherly strokes.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Five years afterwards when James the Second stood on -the brink of ruin, he did not disdain to apply to the Earl of -Bedford for help. ‘My Lord,’ he said, ‘you are an honest -man, and of great credit in the country, and can do me signal -service. ‘Ah, sire,’ replied the Earl, ‘I am old and feeble, -and can be of little use, but I once had a son who could have -assisted you, and he is no more.’ By which answer James -was so struck, that he could not speak for several moments.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 14. WILLIAM HARVEY, M.D.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black gown. Black skull-cap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1578, DIED 1657-8.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Riley.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SON of Thomas Harvey of Folkestone, in Kent, -by Joan Hawke, and eldest of seven sons -and two daughters. The parents were well-to-do -people, who brought up their children -carefully and respectably. Mrs. Harvey seems -to have been a most estimable woman, if -we only believe one half the virtues ascribed to her on the -tablet in Folkestone Church, where she lies buried; the -epitaph, though couched in the eulogistic and lengthy style -which was the fashion of the day, is sufficiently characteristic -to merit insertion. The mother of a great man is in our eyes -always deserving of notice.</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘She was a godly, harmless woman, a chaste, loving wife, a -charitable, quiet neighbour, a comfortable and friendly matron, -a provident housewife and tender mother. Elected of God, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_58'>58</span>may her soul rest in heaven (as her body in this grave), to her -a happy advantage, to hers an unhappy loss.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>When only ten years old William Harvey went to a -Grammar School, and subsequently to Caius College, Cambridge, -where, we are told, ‘he studied classics, dialectics, and -physics.’ It was the fashion of the day for young men of any -standing to finish their education on the Continent, in one or -other of those schools of learning and science which were indeed -the resort of the youth of all nations. Harvey fixed his choice -on Padua, then especially rich in eminent Professors in all -branches of learning. He had been early destined, both by -the wishes of his family and his own inclination, for the -medical profession; and at Padua, under the auspices of the -celebrated Fabricius of Acquapendente and others, our young -Englishman, whose zeal was equal to his intelligence, laid the -foundation of his future greatness, and made rapid strides in -the path of fame. He remained five years at Padua, and -before his departure, at the age of twenty-four, received his -doctor’s diploma, with ‘licence to practise in every land and -seat of learning.’ On his return to England he obtained his -doctor’s degree at his old University of Cambridge, after which -he settled in London, and married the daughter of one Lancelot -Brown, M.D. Harvey soon got into extensive practice, enlarged -his connection daily, and, while rising step by step in his -profession, made himself beloved (as is mostly the case with the -true disciple of St. Luke) by the skill and charity he exercised -among the poor and afflicted by whom he was surrounded.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Before long he was elected a member of St. Bartholomew’s -Hospital, and subsequently Principal Physician of that -important establishment, where, in the course of his tenure, -he introduced the most stringent reforms and regulations, -which were considered needlessly severe by the younger -students, who had grown into habits of laxity and idleness. -But neither the duties of his office, nor his practice which he -<span class='pageno' id='Page_59'>59</span>carried on outside the walls, were allowed to interfere in any -way with his literary labours. Making the profoundest -researches into every branch of medical science, perusing -and weighing the arguments of those very writers whom he -was destined to eclipse; he attracted the notice of King -James the First, one of whose redeeming qualities it was -to encourage learning, and who found great delight in the -society of eminent men. The King named Harvey Physician -Extraordinary, with a reversionary promise of the regular post -at Court when it should become vacant, which did not occur -till after the accession of Charles the First. He was also -body physician to several noblemen and gentlemen of -eminence, such as the Lord Chancellor Bacon and Thomas -Howard, Earl of Arundel, with whom he travelled on the -Continent. He was appointed Lecturer to the Royal College -of Physicians, in Amen Corner, where, with some interruptions -(through absence, Court duties, and other hindrances), -he continued for many years to attract and interest his -colleagues by his knowledge and eloquence. It was in the -course of these lectures that he first promulgated his -wondrous doctrines on the motions of the heart and the -circulation of the blood; a subject with which the name of -William Harvey is indissolubly connected. The theories that -had been hatching in his prolific mind for long now took -form and shape in his immortal work, which he dedicated -to King Charles, and to his own College. It was this work -(although one of many) which enriched the science of -medicine, and rendered his name immortal. The circulation -of the blood had from time immemorial been the theme -of dispute and discussion among men of all nations; but it -was reserved, says Birch, for William Harvey in 1628 to -publish a book which was the clearest, the shortest, and the -most convincing that had ever yet been written on the subject. -The startling discoveries, and the bold manner in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_60'>60</span>which they were expounded, kindled a flame of antagonism -and rivalry in the medical world. Learned Professors, and -men who professed without learning, rose to denounce, to -question, to deny him even the merit of originality, for had -not the same theories been known to the ancients? To the -manifold attacks by which he was assailed Harvey maintained -for the most part a dignified silence, though compelled in -some cases to rise up and defend himself and his opinions -from adversaries, both English and foreign.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1636 he accompanied his friend and patron, Thomas -Howard, Earl of Arundel, when that nobleman went on a -special mission to the Emperor of Germany. Harvey did -not neglect this opportunity of making the acquaintance of -all the eminent men of science in the country, who in their -turn were desirous (from mingled motives) of meeting a man -with whose name Europe was now ringing. In a conclave of -medical men at Nürnberg our doctor made a public declaration -of his professional faith, when he was met by the most -strenuous opposition. The learned Caspar Hoffman, in -particular, was so violent and unreasonable in his arguments, -that William Harvey, after listening with singular forbearance -for a considerable time, laid down the scalpel, which he held -and quietly left the apartment. It was in this expedition -with Lord Arundel that one of his Excellency’s gentlemen -told Aubrey that Lord Arundel was rendered very anxious -by the frequent explorings of his physician into the woods, -where was great fear, not only of wild beasts, but also of -thieves, and where, indeed, the doctor one time narrowly -escaped with life. But Harvey would not neglect the chance -of studying the strange trees and foreign plants, and adding -to his collection of toads, frogs, and the like, for the -purpose of experimenting upon them—was sometimes -like to be lost indeed, so that my Lord Ambassador -was angry with him. With all these contentions and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_61'>61</span>animadversions we are not surprised to hear that at one time -Harvey’s practice declined, and Aubrey says, ‘He was -treated by many as a visionary and a madman, and though -everybody admired his anatomy, most people questioned his -therapeutics, so much so that his bills (<i>i.e.</i> recipes and prescriptions) -were not worth threepence.’ He now gave himself -up to the prosecution of his Court duties, and was indefatigable -in his attendance on the King. The relationship between -Charles and his physician was of the most friendly and -intimate nature. Harvey speaks of his royal master in terms -of true affection, while the King took great delight in frequenting -the doctor’s dissecting-room, and studying anatomy -and medicine under his tutelage. On the breaking out of -the civil wars Harvey became more than ever attached in -every sense of the word to the person of the King, following -him wheresoever he went, to court and camp. On their -return from Scotland our peace-loving doctor was present at the -battle of Edgehill, where Aubrey records a very characteristic, -and almost comical adventure. It was in 1642, during the -fight in question, that Harvey was intrusted with the care of -the Prince of Wales and the Duke of York. He accordingly -withdrew with his young charges to what he considered the -shelter of a hedge, and finding the time hang heavy on his -hands, he took a book from his pocket, which he began -calmly and leisurely to peruse, when a large bullet grazed -and disturbed the grass at his feet, and induced him to move -further from the heat of the battle. Again we quote Aubrey, -who met him at Oxford, where the Court then was, and -though ‘too young to become acquainted with so learned a -doctor,’ yet he remembers well how Harvey would come to -our College to the chambers of George Bathurst, tutor, who -kept hens for the hatching purposes in his rooms. Harvey -would break the eggs daily at intervals in order to watch the -different progress of formation towards the ‘perfect chick’; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_62'>62</span>and all this with a view to the medical works he was writing. -How widely at variance were these calm studies compared -with the wild turmoil of political and military excitement by -which he was surrounded! The Wardenship of Merton -College becoming vacant by the resignation of Sir Matthew -Brent, a Parliamentarian, the King recommended Harvey -for the vacant post, which he obtained, but did not enjoy -long, for when Oxford surrendered to the Roundheads, Brent -resumed his office. We cannot be surprised to hear that so -loyal a subject as Harvey incurred the ire of Cromwell, and -on the doctor’s return to London he found his house sacked, -the furniture destroyed, and, worse than all, as he himself told -Aubrey, ‘No griefe was so crucifyinge as the loss of those papers -(treating of his medical experiences and experiments) which -neither love nor money could replace.’ It must have been -about the year 1646 that Dr. Harvey made up his mind to -resign his place at Court. Many reasons were given for this -step, many apologies made for his forsaking his royal master; -but he was near upon seventy, and it appears natural that a -man of so peaceful a nature and of such studious taste -should prefer a calmer existence than that of ‘following the -drum.’ His retirement not only enabled him to pursue the -bent of his inclinations and to indulge in contemplation, but -also to enjoy the society of his brothers, who were of that -number that verily dwelt together in unity. They held their -elder in honour and affection, and vied with each other in -welcoming him warmly to their respective homes. His next -brother Eliab seems to have been his favourite, as he made -his home for the most part either at the said Eliab’s London -residence of Cokaine House, near the Poultry, or at Roehampton, -in Surrey. On the leads of the former dwelling -the doctor was wont to pass many hours in contemplation, -arranging his different stations with a view to the -sun and wind. At Combe there were caverns specially -<span class='pageno' id='Page_63'>63</span>constructed in the garden for the physician to meditate, as he -always found darkness most conducive to thought. The -thrifty Eliab took William’s financial affairs in hand, which -he conducted with so much energy and discernment as to -increase his brother’s income, and enable him to indulge his -generous propensities towards private individuals and public -institutions. He became a munificent benefactor to his -beloved College of Physicians, both by gifts in his lifetime, -and bequest by testament. He enlarged the buildings, added -a wing, and a large hall for conference, endowed it with a -library and a museum, and, in fact, was so noble in his gifts -that the grateful College erected a statue in his honour, with -a long and flattering inscription. But, alas! all these valuable -additions, together with the whole edifice, were destroyed in -the Great Fire of London. At the age of seventy-one the -doctor’s energy remained so unabated, that not only did he -continue his literary labours, but he travelled to Italy with -his friend and disciple Sir George Brent. On the last day of -June 1657 William Harvey was stricken with the palsy, and, -on endeavouring to speak, found that he had lost the power to -do so. He ordered his apothecary by signs to ‘lett him blood,’ -but this gave him no relief, and his professional knowledge -warned him that the end was approaching. He therefore sent -for his brother and nephews, to whom he himself delivered -some little token of affection, a watch or what not, bidding -them tenderly farewell, with dumb but eloquent signs of -affection. He died the same day as he was stricken. His -friend Aubrey exonerates him from the false charge of -having hastened his own death by drinking opium, which he -occasionally used as an alleviation of pain, but said Harvey -had ‘an easy passport.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>A long train of his colleagues from the Royal College -attended his funeral, and Aubrey himself was one of the -bearers. He was buried at Hempstead, in Essex, and was -<span class='pageno' id='Page_64'>64</span>‘lapped’ in a leaden case, which was shaped in form of the -body, with a label bearing the illustrious name of William -Harvey, M.D., on his breast.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The last will and testament of men who lay claim to -any celebrity appear to us to merit notice as indicative of -character. Harvey’s will did not in any way belie his life. He -left his faithful steward and brother, Eliab Harvey, the bulk -of his property in money and land, as likewise (Aubrey -thinks out of tender sentiment) his silver coffee-pot; for the -brothers were wont to drink coffee together at a time when -it was reckoned an uncommon luxury, before coffee-houses -were prevalent in England. To all his other relations he left -small sums that they might purchase remembrances; to his -College, and to more than one hospital, generous bequests; -scarcely any one was forgotten. To his dear and learned -friend Mr. Thomas Hobbes £10, to Dr. Scarborough his -velvet embroidered gown, to another his case of silver-mounted -surgical instruments, and so on. Nor were his -faithful servants, who had tended him in sickness, forgotten; -‘the pretty young wench’ who waited on him at Oxford, and -to whom Aubrey alludes in jesting terms, in spite of Harvey’s -proverbial insensibility to female charms, proved a most -tender nurse, and was gratefully remembered. We hear very -little at any time about Mistress Harvey, or the esteem in which -her husband held her, but we are told she had a parrot, -whose prattle much amused the learned doctor.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He corresponded with learned men, both at home and -abroad, and was linked in friendship with such men as -Hobbes, Robert Boyle, Cowley, and the like. By nature he -was hot-tempered and outspoken, although a courtier. He -rode to visit his patients on horseback, with a servant to -follow him on foot—‘a decent custom,’ Aubrey thinks, the -discontinuance of which he regrets. The same authority says -Harvey ‘was of the lowest stature, and an olivaster complexion, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_65'>65</span>like unto wainscott; little eye, round, bright, and -black, and hair like the raven, but quite white before his -death,’ which could scarcely be wondered at, as he was then -eighty years of age. His friend, the learned Mr. Hobbes, says -that Harvey was ‘the only man, perhaps, who ever lived to -see his own doctrines established in his lifetime.’ This -statement, the truth of which appears more than questionable, -it is easy to imagine, was put forth under the influence of -mortified feeling on the part of the ‘philosopher of Malmesbury.’ -We refer the reader who is curious in such research -to the catalogues of the principal scientific libraries, both -in England and on the Continent, for a list of this great physician’s -professional works, as their names alone would enlarge -in an inconvenient manner the bulk of our volume.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 15. THE HONOURABLE EDWARD RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. Red sash over right shoulder. White collar, with tassels.</i></div> - <div><i>Long hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1665.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Remée.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the youngest son of Francis, fourth Earl -of Bedford, by Catherine Brydges. He -married Penelope, daughter and co-heir of -Sir Moses Hill of Hillsborough Castle, -Ireland (Knight Marshal of Ulster, and -ancestor of the present Marquis of Downshire), -and widow of Sir William Brooke, Knight, by whom -he had five sons and daughters. His second son was -eventually raised to the Peerage by the title of the Earl of -Oxford. Edward Russell survived his wife, and, dying in -1665, was buried at Chenies.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_66'>66</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. WILLIAM RUSSELL, FIFTH EARL, FIRST DUKE OF BEDFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. Lace cravat. Wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1613, DIED 1700.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Francis Russell, -fourth Earl of Bedford, by Catherine -Brydges, daughter and co-heir of Lord -Chandos. He was educated at Magdalen -College, Oxford; and after travelling abroad -for two years, we are told he returned home -in 1634, a very handsome and accomplished gentleman. Of -his personal beauty and noble bearing the fine portrait of -William Russell, and Lord Digby, by Vandyck, bears undoubted -testimony. He had been created Knight of the -Bath at the coronation of Charles the First. The representative -of a high-born family, and heir to a very large fortune, -young Lord Russell was keenly watched by the match-makers -of the day. At that time three rival beauties divided -the admiration of the Court—Lady Elizabeth Cecil, Lady -Dorothy Sidney, and Lady Anne Carr, the only child of the -Earl and Countess of Somerset. She was born in the Tower -at the time of her mother’s imprisonment for the murder of -Sir Thomas Overbury, and had been brought up in total -ignorance of her parents’ ignominy. ‘The voice goes,’ says -a contemporary writer, ‘that young Russell bends somewhat -towards the Lady Anne Carr.’ One would not be surprised -to hear that Lord Bedford was most adverse to the union. He -trembled for the future welfare of his son, and the honour -of his house, for heavy was the blot on the young lady’s -‘scutcheon. He promised his consent to any other union his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_67'>67</span>son should project; but it was too late: Lord Russell’s choice -was free no more, and the sequel proved the selection had -been for his own happiness, and that of the whole family. -The King interested himself in the cause of the young lovers, -and sent the Duke of Lennox to mediate with Lord Bedford -in the matter. Lord Somerset, with all his crimes on his -head, had proved himself the most tender and devoted of -fathers, giving his child an excellent and strictly virtuous -education, and he made every sacrifice in his power to give -her a good dowry, seeing that her poverty was an additional -obstacle to the marriage in Lord Bedford’s eyes; so -Somerset sold his house at Chiswick, his furniture, his plate -and jewels; in fact denuded himself of almost all he had, to -make settlements on Lady Anne, ‘for,’ said he to the Lord -Chamberlain, ‘if one of us is to be undone by the marriage, -let it be myself, rather than my own deserving child.’ And -so came about this marriage, and the lovely creature, -whose sweet innocent young face is familiar to all lovers of -Vandyck, became the wife of Lord Russell, and the future -mother of the patriot William.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Russell sat in Parliament for Tavistock, having for -colleague the famous Mr. Pym; but in the commencement -of his career he did not take much part in debate, but was -chiefly employed in carrying messages from the Lower to the -Upper House.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The death of Francis, fourth Earl of Bedford, caused great -excitement in political circles, and the new Earl received a -deputation from the House of Peers expressive of condolence, -and the hope that ‘as soon as his Lordship’s sorrow would -allow him, he would take his seat, for no one could better -supply the place of his deceased father.’ These conjectures -were confirmed, for the new Lord followed in the footsteps of -his father, and in all the part he took in the coming struggles, -he was ever ready to support liberal and enlightened views, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_68'>68</span>and to advocate what he considered necessary reforms; -withstanding undue encroachments on the part of the King. -He was, however, inclined to wise and moderate views from -the beginning, and deeply regretted the circumstances which -had led to civil dissension and open war; but the times were -too stormy, and the pressure of the political barometer too -high, to allow of a middle course. Disgusted with what he -considered the arbitrary measures and the obstinacy of the -King, Lord Bedford now espoused the cause of the Parliament, -and even accepted the post of General in their army. -He besieged the Royalist forces in Sherborne Castle, and afterwards, -on joining the Earl of Essex on the eve of the battle -of Edgehill, he accepted, under that general, the command of -the <i>corps de reserve</i>. His conduct in the action gained him -great distinction, as it was supposed to be owing to his skill -and courage that the defeat of the Parliamentarians was -averted, ‘for Lord Bedford brought up very gallantly amidst -a play of cannon.’ He was ever ready to propose and to -facilitate every means of pacification between Charles and his -people, but all these endeavours proving fruitless, and finding -himself in opposition to the <i>ultra</i> opinions and measures of -the Roundheads, he, with some other Lords, determined on -joining the King at Oxford. One of his biographers says, the -Earl of Bedford came to Oxford, had his introduction, made -a declaration of the motives which had actuated his past -conduct, and received a formal pardon under the Great Seal. -The King was naturally inclined to welcome so noble an -adherent, but was rather lukewarm in his manner, while the -Queen and the greater part of the courtiers treated him with -much discourtesy. He fought with the Royalists at the siege -of Gloucester and the battle of Newbury, where the gallant -Falkland was killed. The Parliament, infuriated at Lord -Bedford’s secession, sequestrated his estates; but this sentence -was reversed shortly after the battle of Marston Moor in 1644. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_69'>69</span>The next year Lord Bedford, with Lord Carlisle and four -other Peers, who had come from the King’s quarters, went to -the House of Parliament and took the Covenant before the -Commissioners of the Great Seal; this being the only compliance -made by Lord Bedford with the faction he had -abandoned. He now retired from public life, absented himself -from Parliament, and sought that quiet and domestic peace -in the bosom of his family, for which it may be well imagined -he had often sighed amid the turmoil and strife of political -and military life. He repaired to his home at Woburn Abbey, -where, between the years 1645 and 1647, his royal master -visited him on three separate occasions. After the execution -of the King, and during the vicissitudes of the Commonwealth -and the Protectorate, Lord Bedford continued to live in -seclusion, and it was not until the Restoration (to which event -he contributed, as far as in him lay, both by his influence and -his aid in pecuniary matters) that he reappeared in public. -How ill was he repaid by an ungrateful and cruel King! Lord -Bedford carried St. Edward’s sceptre at the coronation of -Charles the Second, and some time after received the Blue -Ribbon of the Garter. He belonged to a large number of -loyal spirits, who, after assisting and rejoicing in the return of -the lawful Sovereign, experienced the most bitter disappointment -at the tyrannical and unconstitutional course pursued -by Charles, and following in the steps of his father, stood up -manfully against the encroachments on civil and religious -liberty; conduct which was supported and nobly carried out -in the House of Commons by his son William, Lord Russell, -whose union with Lady Vaughan about 1669 (better known -to history as Rachel, Lady Russell) was a source of unalloyed -satisfaction to Lord and Lady Bedford, to whom she became -a tender and devoted daughter. In the life of William, Lord -Russell, we have given full details of his political career, of -the animosity his independent line of conduct aroused in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_70'>70</span>minds of the King and the Duke of York, of his arrest on the -false pretence of being implicated in the Rye House Plot, of -his unjust trial and hurried execution, particulars of which it -would be superfluous to repeat here. Lady Russell spent the -early days of her widowhood, and indeed the greater part of -her subsequent life, at Woburn, with her father-in-law, affording -and imparting sympathy. Lord Russell’s execution took -place in July 1683, and within a year his fond mother followed -him to the grave. Since the death of that beloved son, Lady -Bedford’s health had gradually declined; she pined away -silently, almost imperceptibly; but there is little doubt her -death was accelerated by a strange and unforeseen incident. -She was sitting one day in the gallery at Woburn, when her -attention was attracted by a pamphlet which contained the -whole history of her mother’s life, her marriage and divorce -from Lord Essex, and the tragedy connected with the murder -of Sir Thomas Overbury, together with the complicity of both -parents—the mother, whose memory she knew no reason to -despise, the father whom she fondly believed she had every -reason to adore. The next person who entered the room -found the unhappy woman senseless on the floor, the fatal -book beside her. It appears from some letters of her daughter-in-law -at the time, that the family not only believed that this -sad incident had hastened her death, but that if her life had -been spared, her reason would have been endangered.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The remainder of Lord Bedford’s life is so intimately -bound up with that of his daughter-in-law and her children, that -we must refer the reader to our notice of Lady Russell for -further particulars, even the passage in which we have given -the account of the creation of the Dukedom, which honour was -doubly acceptable to the aged Duke, as a tribute to the -memory of his lamented son. His love for his grandchildren, -and the tender letters he writes to their mother on their -account, his delight in the society of Mistress Katey, his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_71'>71</span>little playfellow of nine years old, when he was past eighty, all -vouch for the gentleness of heart which characterised the first -Duke of Bedford. He had lived to see his son’s memory -vindicated, his son’s widow honoured and sought after by -every class in the kingdom, beginning with the Sovereigns, -William and Mary; the attainder reversed, his grandchildren -prosperous, his grandson and heir married with his sanction -and approbation, and the family name, in which he had a -right to glory, respected through the kingdom. He was -ready to depart, and ‘now his daily prayer was to the effect -that the God in whom he had so humbly and faithfully trusted -would grant him an easy passage to the tomb.’ And never did -any person leave this world with greater inward peace, or -with less struggle and discomposure; his lamp of life was not -blown out: the oil wasted by degrees, nature was spent, and -he fell asleep on the 7th September 1700, aged eighty-seven. -He was buried at Chenies by the side of his beloved wife.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 17. SIR THOMAS MYDDLETON, BART., OF CHIRK.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown dress. Purple sleeves. Lace cravat. Long hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1683.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Russell.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Sir Thomas Myddleton, -first Baronet, who began his military career -as a Parliamentarian, afterwards became a -zealous adherent of the Royal cause, and -was created a Baronet in 1660. The subject -of the present notice married, first, -Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Wilbraham of -Woodney; and, secondly, Charlotte, daughter of Sir Orlando -<span class='pageno' id='Page_72'>72</span>Bridgeman, Bart.; and had an only daughter, Charlotte, -married first to Edward, Earl of Warwick, and secondly to -the Right Hon. Joseph Addison.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 18. THE HONOURABLE FRANCIS RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. Long fair hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1641.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Remée.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the second son of Francis, fourth Earl -of Bedford, by Catherine Brydges. He -married Catherine, daughter of Lord Grey -de Wark, and widow of Sir Edward Moseley, -Bart., and of the Lord North and Gray, by -whom he had no children. Francis Russell -died in France shortly before his father. He was brother to -the first Countess of Bradford, of the Newport family.</p> -<div class='figcenter id004'> -<img src='images/i072.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_73'>73</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>BREAKFAST-ROOM.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i073.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_75'>75</span><span class='xlarge'>BREAKFAST-ROOM.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. PRINCE MAURICE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>As a boy. In the character of Cupid.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1620, DIED 1653.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Honthorst.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the fourth son of Frederic, Elector -Palatine (King of Bohemia), by Elizabeth, -Princess of England, daughter of James -the First. After the battle of Prague, -which wrecked their fortunes, the unhappy -ex-King and Queen were driven from their -palace at Prague, compelled to fly for their lives by unfrequented -roads, and through the blinding snowstorms, -which impeded the progress of their coach, and from which -the fugitives were obliged to alight, and take horse.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Elizabeth displayed the utmost courage and fortitude, -despite the intensity of the weather and the delicacy of her -health, and mounted gladly on a pillion behind a young -English volunteer of the name of Hopton, who would often -speak in after-days with love and veneration of his royal -fellow-traveller, the Queen of Hearts, the only sovereignty -that was now left her. In their distress the unhappy pair -sought about for some place of shelter where Elizabeth might -be cared for in her hour of approaching trial and her husband -<span class='pageno' id='Page_76'>76</span>appealed to his brother-in-law, George William of -Brandenburg, for the loan of one of his castles, either of -Spandau or Custrine. The answer was a grudging permission -to inhabit the latter residence, although the owner assured -Frederic it was no place for a Queen just fresh from a palace; -that it was not commodious or safe from the incursions of -their enemies; and, moreover, they would be exposed to cold -and famine, as there was no fuel and no food. The fugitives -found this account but too true, and even this surly -permission would have been withheld but for the intercession -of the British Envoy, Wotton. Moreover, their parsimonious -host bargained with his needy relatives to defray all expenses, -but Elizabeth’s condition allowed of no alternative. -Three days after their arrival Prince Maurice was born in -this dreary old barrack, with its bare walls and unfurnished -interior—a strange contrast to the scene of splendour and -festivity which characterised the birth of his brother Rupert. -Before the proper time had elapsed that it was advisable for -her to travel, the ex-Queen was hurried away, accompanied -by little Rupert, to Wolfenbüttel, and afterwards to the -Hague, where she found a generous protector and devoted -friend in the Stadtholder; the new-born infant being despatched -to the care of his widowed grandmother, the -Electress Juliana, in Polish Russia. Poor child! he had not -the traditional good fortune of one born on Christmas Day. -From his earliest childhood he bore his brother Rupert the -most devoted affection, and through their lives they were -brothers in very truth—brothers in arms and affection; -their paths strangely intertwined for soldiers of fortune; -they were both prematurely brave, and early initiated into -the profession they so much adorned. When together at -the siege of Breda, Maurice, waking in the night, heard a -noise for which he could not account, so he roused -Rupert, and they crept out together in the dark, and were -<span class='pageno' id='Page_77'>77</span>just in time to save the garrison from a surprise. In 1638 -Prince Maurice prosecuted his studies at a French University, -and in 1642 gained permission to accompany Rupert, -who had been appointed to a high command in the army -of their uncle, Charles the First. This gallant pair vied -with each other in loyalty and devotion to the English -King. Their bravery, their exploits, the various commands -they filled, the numerous actions in which they fought (frequently -side by side), all these incidents belong to the -chronicles of the civil wars of the period. In 1646 the -brothers left England, Prince Rupert proceeding to St. Germain -to join the Queen-mother there in exile, while Prince -Maurice embarked for Holland. The subsequent life of -this Prince appears to have been almost entirely passed -on the decks of the varied vessels which he in turn commanded, -for both he and Rupert secured glory and renown -on the broad ocean, as they had already done in the battlefield, -and their voyages were frequently made in company. -In the notice of the elder, we have given the account of a -touching episode in the lives of the two brothers, which we -therefore omit here. But Maurice was doomed to find a -watery grave in the year 1653, in a hurricane which overtook -his vessel off the Virgin Islands. The following is a -description of the tragic event: ‘In this fatal wreck, besides -many great gentlemen and others, the sea, to glut itself, -swallowed the Prince, whose fame the mouth of detraction -cannot blast. His very enemies bewailed his loss. Many -had more power, few more merit; he lived beloved, and -died bewailed.’ Two years after his death there was a -rumour that he still lived (but the false report soon died -away), that he had been captured by a pirate, and was a slave -in Africa, but this unlikely tale gained little or no credence.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_78'>78</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. COLONEL WEST.</h3> -</div> -<p class='c025'><i>Black cloak over doublet of same colour. Left hand gloved with white glove -and holding the other. Large white cuffs turned back. Hand -resting on hip. White deep turned-down collar with tassels.</i></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Walker.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was a distinguished Parliamentarian officer, -and much valued by Cromwell. He was -engaged in Inverkeithing fight in 1651, -and was commended in Oliver Cromwell’s -letter to the Speaker of the Parliament of -England, reporting the result of that engagement, -which he described as an ‘unspeakable mercy.’</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Robes of the Garter. Wand of office.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1667.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the second born but only surviving son -of the third Earl, by Elizabeth, daughter of -John Vernon of Hodnet, County Salop. -Educated at Eton and Oxford, where he distinguished -himself, and afterwards travelled -abroad; remained some time in France, -where he probably espoused his first wife, and afterwards -proceeded to the Low Countries. His father and elder -brother had also gone thither, and were attacked by fever. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_79'>79</span>The youth died, and his father (travelling before it was prudent -for him to do so), borne down by sorrow, soon followed -his beloved child to the grave. Thomas, who had now -become Earl of Southampton, found on his return to England -that public affairs were in great confusion. The Parliamentarians -did all in their power to gain over the young nobleman -to their side, but he disapproved of their proceedings, -and would take no part in them. He was soon after appointed -Privy Councillor and Lord of the Bedchamber to the King, -and became henceforth, in every sense of the word, attached -to the royal person, to whom he was an excellent friend, often -giving him unpalatable advice. He used to sleep in the King’s -apartment, and to the best of his power soothed his hours of -mental anguish. In 1647, when the unhappy monarch fled -from Hampton Court, he took shelter at Titchfield, in Hampshire, -Lord Southampton’s country-house, and when brought -back to the palace in the hands of his enemies, his first request -was for the attendance of his trusty friend. This permission -was granted him, and Southampton was one of the last allowed -to remain with his royal master, and one of the four mourners -who paid the last sad duties to his remains. With Charles the -Second he kept up a continued correspondence, and supplied -the exile with large sums, hastening to meet him on his arrival -in England, when he was rewarded by being made Knight of -the Garter, as were other faithful adherents to the Crown, and -was shortly afterwards appointed Lord High Treasurer. In -this capacity he showed so much independence of spirit and -interest in the public welfare as to offend the King, who did -not, however, remove him from his office, which was exercised -by Southampton, although suffering from a terrible and painful -disease which made business occasionally irksome to him. -To his credit be it spoken, that during seven years’ management -of the Treasury he made but an ordinary fortune, disdaining -to sell places, as many of his predecessors had done.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_80'>80</span>The Earl of Southampton was thrice married: first, to -Rachel, daughter of Daniel de Ruvigny, in France, by whom -he had two sons, who died young, and three daughters, -the second of whom was Rachel, the faithful wife and widow -of the patriot, William, Lord Russell; his second Countess -was Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Francis Booth, Lord -Dunsmore, by whom he had four girls; and his third wife -was the daughter of William, second Duke of Somerset, -and widow of Viscount Molyneux. He died at Southampton -House, in Bloomsbury, which he bequeathed to his daughter, -Lady Russell, and was buried at Titchfield. By his death -the title of Southampton in the Wriothesley family became -extinct.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 28. COLONEL, AFTERWARDS LORD GORING.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Slashed doublet. Long fair hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1662 <i>v.p.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Stone after Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SIR George Goring of Hurstpierpoint, -County Sussex, was created in 1629 Baron -Goring, and in 1645 Earl of Norwich. He -married Mary, daughter of Edward Neville, -Lord Abergavenny. Their third eldest son -was George, the subject of this notice, who -distinguished himself greatly in the civil wars. He married -in early life Lady Lettice Boyle, daughter of the Earl of Cork. -He was wild, eccentric, and extravagant, and Lord Wentworth -(afterwards Earl of Strafford), speaking of him in a letter to -Lord Carlisle, 1633, says: ‘Young Mr. Goring is gone to -<span class='pageno' id='Page_81'>81</span>travel, having run himself out of £8000, which he purposes -to redeem by frugality abroad, unless my Lord Cork can be -induced to put to his helping hand, which I have undertaken -to solicit for him the best I can, and shall do it with all the -power and care my credit and wit shall in any way suggest -unto me.’ The noble writer was successful in his negotiation, -and Lord Cork was most generous and liberal on this and -several other occasions to a son-in-law who gave him much -trouble. Not long after the marriage Lord Cork thus writes, -in speaking of George Goring: ‘After borrowing money from -me for himself and his father, he departed from us without -once taking leave of me, and leaving his wife and servants, -posted through Scotland on to England on the choice gray -gelding I bestowed upon him called Gray Brown, hath -much disquieted me, his wife, and friends.’ His poor wife -had good reason to be disquieted on this and many other -occasions, but she seems to have retained a real affection for -her unworthy husband, willing to join him at any summons, -and frequently interceding with her generous father for so-called -loans and large sums, which never appear to have been -repaid.</p> - -<p class='c016'>George Goring, on his arrival in the Low Countries, -enlisted as a soldier, entered Lord Vere’s regiment, and soon -gained a high command, distinguishing himself at the siege of -Breda. On his return to England he was made Governor of -Portsmouth, in which capacity he got into trouble with the Parliament, -and was summoned before the House of Commons -on suspicion of favouring the Royal cause. Anxious to provide -for his own interests by pleasing both sides, he contrived to -give satisfaction to the Parliament, and was therefore exonerated. -Goring was indeed anything but straightforward in -his dealings; Lord Clarendon says of him: ‘He could help -himself with all the intimation of doubt, or fear, or shame, or -simplicity in his face that might gain belief to a greater degree -<span class='pageno' id='Page_82'>82</span>than I ever saw in any man, and could seem most confounded -when he was best resolved, and to want words when -they flowed from no man with greater power.’ He cajoled the -popular party, corresponded secretly with the King in 1642, -threw off the mask he had worn as adherent to the Parliament, -and declared openly that he held Portsmouth for Charles the -First. The town was besieged by sea and land, and surrendered -after a meagre defence; Goring stipulating that he -might be allowed to transport himself beyond the seas, which -caused great astonishment, as also did his appointment (on his -return in 1644) to the command of cavalry in the Royal army -in Lincolnshire. He now continued to distinguish himself -greatly in the service of the King, and was present in almost -every action. In 1646, his father being created Earl of Norwich, -he became Lord Goring, and held the commission of -Lieutenant-General of several counties, in which capacity he -did little good, setting a bad example to the troops by his -irregular and immoral conduct. Clarendon says of him that -he had a good understanding, a sharp wit, and keen courage, -but he did not value his promise or friendship according to -any rules of honour or integrity. ‘He loved no man so well -but he would cozen him and expose him to ridicule.’ The -same historian speaks of Goring’s immoderate ambition, dissimulation, -and want of religion. He continued his vacillating -line of conduct, and when in difficulties pleaded illness, -and gained permission to go to Bath for a cure, but returned -to active service, became a Privy Councillor, and had undeserved -favours showered upon him by the King. His whole -career was marked by contrasts of success and failure, courage -and blundering, and animosity towards those who like Prince -Rupert filled a high position, and stood well in the opinion -of others. After many vicissitudes he resolved to leave England, -and proceeded to the Netherlands, where he became -Lieutenant-General of the Spanish army, and afterwards -<span class='pageno' id='Page_83'>83</span>obtained the same command in Spain under Don John -de Silva, who, finding that he was in communication with -Cardinal Mazarin, had him seized at the head of his troops, -and sent prisoner to Madrid. Writers differ as to the termination -of this eccentric man’s career. Some say he was -put to death in prison for treason, and others that he entered -a monastery and died in the habit of a Dominican friar.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Goring had no children. Dying in the lifetime of -his father, Lord Norwich was succeeded by his second son, -Charles, who married Alice, daughter of Robert Leman, Esq., -and widow of Sir Richard Baker, Knight, but having no -children the titles of Norwich and Goring became extinct.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 30. PRINCE RUPERT.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In a classical dress, as Mars.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1619, DIED 1682.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Honthorst.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the third son of Frederic, Elector -Palatine, and King of Bohemia, by Princess -Elizabeth of England, daughter of -James the First. Born at Prague during -the short-lived period of his parents’ prosperity, -while inhabiting the Palace of the -Bohemian capital. More than half a century had elapsed -since the birth of a royal Prince at Prague, and the event -was the occasion of great excitement and rejoicing. Persons -of all classes were invited to have a glimpse of the royal -infant, swathed in rich wrappings of gold and embroidery. -Nobles and ladies, burghers and their wives, officers of state, -soldiers, peasants, all flocked to the Palace, and clustered -<span class='pageno' id='Page_84'>84</span>round the cradle of the future hero. His father thought well -to name him Rupert, after the wise and fortunate Elector -who, on the death of Wenceslaus, ascended the Imperial -throne: and the ceremony of baptism was conducted on a -scale of great magnificence, which helped not a little to drain -the ill-filled coffers of Frederic and Elizabeth. On the other -hand, donations of all kinds poured in from the nobles, the -burghers, and their respective wives. Contributions of fruit -and flowers were presented by the poorer population, offerings -which were most graciously received by the gentle-hearted -mother.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Her two elder sons were respectively heirs to titles -(alas! how empty) of King, and Elector Palatine. The -Bohemian Ministry, willing to do honour to a Prince born -‘in their midst,’ bestowed on the new-born babe the dignity -of Duke of Lithuania, which the child did not long enjoy, -seeing that a few months after his birth the decisive battle -of Prague was the means of driving his parents from their -newly-acquired kingdom, penniless and homeless wanderers, -compelled to solicit shelter and assistance from cold relatives -and fickle friends.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Rupert was the only one of her children who accompanied -Elizabeth on her miserable flight from Custrin to -Holland (a circumstance to which we have alluded in the -sketch of his brother Maurice), where the ex-Queen with her -family resided for many years, and where five children were -born to her. Little Rupert was sent to the College at -Leyden, where his eldest brother Henry was a student, and -had already distinguished himself greatly. Amongst other -accomplishments, Henry was an elegant letter-writer, and kept -up a frequent correspondence with his mother. In one of -his letters he tells how ‘dear Rupert is a most lively boy,’ -and amused the students when he first arrived by speaking -to them in Bohemian.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_85'>85</span>A soldier at heart from his earliest childhood, Rupert did -not remain long at Leyden, but entered the army under -Henry Frederic of Nassau, and (Lodge tells us) was present -at the siege of Thynberg, although another biographer places -the date of his first action several years later. Be this as -it may, in 1637 he marched with his brother, Charles Louis, -who now called himself Elector Palatine (their father being -dead), against the Imperialists. The gallant Lord Craven -had constituted himself the guardian of ‘the Palatine -Princes,’ and accompanied them in the expedition, writing -frequently to their mother at the Hague, to give tidings of -Charles and the beloved Rupert. Lord Craven had warmly -espoused the cause of Frederic, and was now the devoted -friend of the royal widow and her family. He and his two -charges distinguished themselves during the siege of Lippe, -but being worsted in an encounter with General Hatzfeldt, -Charles Louis had a narrow escape of his life. He crossed -the river in his coach, and, clinging to the shrubs and underwood, -climbed up on the precipitous bank of the opposite -shore, and made his way to Holland. His brother and Lord -Craven were both taken prisoners by the Imperialists, and carried -to Vienna, where they were lodged in the castle. With much -difficulty Rupert found means to have a few lines conveyed -to his mother, wherein, after some tender expressions of -filial love and respect, he assured her that no power on -earth should induce him to renounce his party, or abjure -his faith. Lord Craven succeeded in regaining his freedom, -by paying the large ransom of £20,000; but all attempts -to procure the deliverance of Rupert proved unavailing. It -was only at the expiration of three years, and on condition -that he would undertake never again to bear arms against -the Emperor, that the young Prince was set at liberty, -shortly after which event he received an offer from his uncle, -Charles the First, of the command of the cavalry in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_86'>86</span>Royal army, the King having unfurled his standard against -the Parliamentarians. He was accompanied by his brother -Maurice, whose love and admiration for his elder were -unbounded; and the exploits of these gallant Princes in the -service of their royal uncle, are they not written in the -books of the chronicles of the civil wars of England?</p> - -<p class='c016'>After the execution of Charles the First Rupert received -a new commission from Charles the Second, and continued -to distinguish himself by sea and land; went to Portugal, -the Mediterranean, the French coast, Madeira, the Azores, -etc. etc.; encountered all kinds of dangers and vicissitudes, -reverses and successes. A more chequered life is scarcely -on record than that of Prince Rupert.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Our space is too limited to admit of any lengthened -details of his adventures, ‘moving accidents by flood and -field,’ and of all his ‘hair-breadth ‘scapes’; but one passage -in his life is too full of romantic interest, and so characteristic -of the fraternal affection of the Palatine Princes, to be -passed over in silence. Captain Fearnes, who commanded -the fine ship <i>The Admiral</i>, gives a noble and touching -description of the incidents connected with the wreck of his -vessel. One of the most disastrous tempests ever recorded -in a seaman’s log overtook the English fleet, then cruising -among the Western Islands, and after every endeavour had -been made to save the ship without a chance of success, -Captain Fearnes, who survived the wreck, gives the following -report: ‘It was resolved that the ship must be our grave, -and every man very well resolved to die, and the minister -told us that as many as would receive the Sacrament he -would administer it, and desired that we would give him -notice, when we saw we were past all hope, to come to the -place appointed, there to receive it, and die all together.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Prince Rupert, believing his last moments were at hand, -waved his brother Maurice to bring his vessel, <i>The Honest</i> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_87'>87</span><i>Seaman</i>, under the Admiral’s stern, to bid his beloved -brother an eternal farewell, to give him his last directions -and express his last wishes. Maurice, regardless of his own -safety, commanded his men to lower a boat, either to save -Rupert, or to put him on board and let them die together. -His officers refused, as they said it would be to their own -destruction, and be of no avail in saving Rupert. They -made, indeed, a feint of lowering the boat, but paid little -heed to the agony of their commander. Then the crew -of <i>The Admiral</i> came to a noble decision. Deeply touched -by the devotion which his Highness displayed, they conjured -him to seek safety in the one little boat that was left them. -This he steadily refused, saying ‘that as they had run all risks -with him, so he would participate them.’ Thus did either try -to breathe their last in unspeakable magnanimity. The -brave seamen were not to be foiled; they elected a crew of -undaunted lads, hoisted out their boat, and by force thrust -their brave Prince into the same. He was put aboard <i>The -Honest Seaman</i>, and immediately sent back the skiff to save -as many as was possible, specifying the names of three officers, -one of whom alone (and that the captain in command) -accepted the offer. Fearnes was blamed by many for deserting -his ship’s company. He and the Prince’s servant were -boarded on one of the vessels, but the unfortunate little skiff -was swamped. The Prince strove in vain to approach <i>The -Admiral</i>, but it could not be done from stress of weather, and -the doomed crew waved a sad farewell from the deck of the -sinking ship to their comrades. In all, 333 men perished in -this fatal storm, but the whole story remains a glorious passage -in the annals of British seamen. Rupert’s regret for the loss -of a noble ship, with a rich freight on board, was little in comparison -with his grief for that of his valued messmates. He -was again threatened with a watery grave in a tremendous -hurricane which overtook the fleet when at a short distance -<span class='pageno' id='Page_88'>88</span>from the Virgin Islands, and in this fatal storm he had to -deplore the loss of his devoted friend and brother, Prince -Maurice, who went down on the deck of the well-named -<i>Honest Seaman</i>. Yet once more he had an escape from -drowning when at Paris at the Court of Louis the Fourteenth, -in company with Charles the Second. A letter from a Roundhead -thus details the circumstance:—</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘The Seine had like to have made an end of your Black -Prince Rupert’ (he was swimming with the King and Duke of -York); ‘he was near being drowned if it had not been for the -help of one of his servants, who dragged him up by the hair -of his head.’ These ‘highly liveried blackamoors,’ like all -other dependants of the Prince, were much attached to their -noble master.</p> - -<p class='c016'>On his return to England in 1662 Rupert seems to have -given himself up to the pursuit of philosophical and scientific -studies, even (so it was affirmed by many) to those of an occult -nature. He fitted up for himself a workshop in the High -Tower of Windsor Castle, furnished with forges, crucibles, -retorts, instruments of all sorts, and here ‘the hero of a -hundred fights’ might be seen with blacksmith’s apron and -bare brawny arms indulging in all the experiments of vital -interest to a chemist and an alchemist. In this laboratory he -was frequently visited by his royal cousin the King, and his -favourite the Duke of Buckingham, both of whom took a great -delight in Rupert’s occupations. This strange man had other -apartments assigned to him in the castle, where he kept stores -of armour and weapons from all parts of the world, together -with a library of valuable books, the catalogue of which is still -extant. John Evelyn was a great admirer of Rupert’s versatile -talents, and was a delighted listener when the Prince related -to him the discovery that he had made of mezzotint engraving. -The story is well known how on one occasion, when at -Brussels, the Prince observed a sentinel at some distance from -<span class='pageno' id='Page_89'>89</span>his post very busy doing something to his piece. Rupert -asked what he was about; he replied the dew had fallen in -the night, had made his fusil rusty, and that he was scraping -and cleaning it. The Prince, examining the gun, was struck -with something like a figure eaten into the barrel with innumerable -little holes closed together like friezed work on -gold or silver, part of which the soldier had scraped away. -This suggested to the Prince a contrivance which resulted in -the discovery of mezzotint engraving, carried out in company -with his protégé, the painter, Wallerant Vaillant. Great -rivalry was excited on the occasion, and many people laid -claim to an invention which was clearly that of Rupert.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Other discoveries and inventions of this wonderful man we -leave to his more complete biographers. He found time in -the midst of these engrossing pursuits to become enamoured -of the charms of Francisca Bard, daughter of Lord Bellamont, -by whom he had a son, on whose education he bestowed -much care. He was called Dudley Bard, and grew up to -emulate his father’s military ardour and undaunted courage, -but was killed at the siege of Buda in 1686, having just -attained his twentieth year.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Negotiations were carried on at one time for an alliance -between Rupert and a member of a royal house, but came to -an end in consequence of the Prince’s slender means.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1660 he once more embarked to oppose the French, -alternating his beloved studies with his military and naval -duties, but an old wound he had received in the head some -time before put him to great torture and endangered his life, -so much so that he was obliged to be trepanned. Requiring -rest after the operation, he joined the Merry Monarch’s -merry Court at Tunbridge Wells, and had not long been there -before he formed a connection with the fair Mistress Hughes, -an actress belonging to the King’s company, and one of the -earliest female performers, who began her theatrical career in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_90'>90</span>1663, and gained great distinction in the character of Desdemona. -The fascinations of this lady had a softening and -refining influence on the manners and habits of his Highness, -and even his beloved studies were neglected for the delights -of her society. His dress was no longer neglected, and he -vied with the other courtiers of his royal cousin in gallantry and -compliments, but the beautiful comedian was not so easy of -access as most of her compeers, and it was some time before -she was induced to listen to her royal lover’s suit. He was -most lavish in his expenditure, grudging nothing to the fair -siren. He purchased for her the magnificent seat of Sir -Nicholas Crispe, near Hammersmith, afterwards the residence -of the Margrave of Brandenburg, which cost £25,000 in the -building.</p> - -<p class='c016'>By her he had a daughter named Ruperta, married to -General Howe, of whom there is a most characteristic portrait -in the collection of the Earl of Sandwich at Hinchingbrook. -Mrs. Hughes remained on the stage for many years after -Prince Rupert’s death, who saw little of her in his later days, -but bequeathed a large property to her and her daughter.</p> - -<p class='c016'>After leaving Tunbridge Wells he returned to Windsor, -and resumed his studies, until called once more into active -service. In 1673 he was appointed Lord High Admiral in -place of the Duke of York, and commanded the fleet against -the United Provinces, when, as usual, he distinguished himself. -On the 29th of November 1682 Prince Rupert died in -his house at Spring Gardens, ‘mourned and respected’ by -men of the most differing interests. A magnificent funeral -was allotted to him, and he was buried in Westminster Abbey.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Count Grammont, in his Memoirs, gives anything but a -flattering description of the Prince’s personal appearance, but -we are more inclined to credit the testimony of such painters -as Honthorst, Lely, and Kneller, whose portraits are undoubtedly -noble and prepossessing.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_91'>91</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 33. LADY DIANA RUSSELL AS A CHILD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Elizabethan ruff. Elaborate lace head-dress. Rich frock. Coral</i></div> - <div><i>and bells. Holds a pack of cards.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1701.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the second daughter of William, fifth -Earl (afterwards first Duke) of Bedford. -At an early age she gave much anxiety to -her family, from having, it is said, eaten -some poisonous berries, which caused the -death of her sister Anne. Diana recovered, -and married, in 1667, Sir Greville Verney of Compton Verney, -County Warwick; and secondly, William, third Baron Allington -of Wymondley and Killard, of Horseheath, County Cambridge, -Constable of the Tower. Lady Allington appears to -have taken a keen interest in the passing events of the day, -especially in the Revolution of 1688. She is often mentioned -in terms of genuine affection by Rachel, Lady Russell, in her -letters.</p> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_93'>93</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>DRAWING-ROOM.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i093.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_95'>95</span><span class='xlarge'>DRAWING-ROOM.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. LADY ISABELLA DORMER, AFTERWARDS COUNTESS OF MOUNTRATH, AS A CHILD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Tawny dress. Blue drapery. Fastening up a flower.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She was the second daughter of Charles, third -Lord Dormer, and second and last Earl of -Carnarvon (of that family), by Elizabeth, -daughter of Arthur, Lord Capel. She -married Sir Charles Coote, fourth Earl of -Mountrath, of a noble family of French -extraction, which settled first in Devonshire, and subsequently -in Ireland. Sir Charles Coote, for his loyalty and military -services, was, at the Restoration, created, with other honours, -Earl of Mountrath. It was his grandson, and third Earl of -Mountrath, who married the subject of this notice. He was -much considered at Court, carried the banner of Ireland at -the funeral of Queen Mary in 1694, was one of the Lords -Justices in 1696, and died in 1709. His grandson, the sixth -Earl, married Lady Diana Newport, daughter of the Earl of -Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_96'>96</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. LADY DIANA FEILDING.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Oval. Blue dress. Dark hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1731.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She was the daughter of Francis Newport, -first Earl of Bradford, by Lady Diana -Russell. She married, first, Thomas Howard -of Ashtead, County Surrey, Esq., Knight of -the Bath, Groom of the Bedchamber to -George the First, Auditor of the Exchequer, -and Clerk Comptroller of the Board of Green Cloth, by -whom she had a son, who died while a schoolboy at Westminster, -and a daughter married to Lord Dudley and Ward. -By her second husband, the Honourable William Feilding, -younger son of William, fifth Earl of Denbigh, and second -Earl of Desmond (whom she also survived), she left no -children. A marble tablet, surmounted by a bust, at Ashtead, -where she lies buried, bears this inscription: ‘Be this -monument sacred to the memory of Lady Diana Feilding, -daughter of Francis Newport, first Earl of Bradford. Her -first husband was grandson to the Earl of Berkshire. Surviving -her children, this illustrious branch of the house of Howard -became her family. To it during her life she assured the -inheritance of that estate she enjoyed by the bounty of her -first husband, and at her death she made provision still more -ample to support the honour and dignity of the present Earl -of Berkshire and his descendants. That his gratitude therefore -may be preserved in the minds of his latest posterity, -Henry Bowes, Earl of Berkshire, has caused this monument -to be erected, 1773.’ Lady Diana was very charitable to the -poor, and built and endowed alms-houses for six poor widows -in the neighbourhood of Leatherhead.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_97'>97</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. LADY DIANA RUSSELL.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Oval. Blue velvet gown. Pearl necklace. Fair curls.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1622, DIED 1694.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Verelst.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the youngest daughter of Francis -William, son of William, Lord Russell of -Thornhaugh, County North Hants, who succeeded -his cousin Edward, as fourth Earl -of Bedford. Her mother was Catherine, -daughter and co-heir of Giles Bridges, Lord -Chandos. Lady Diana married Francis, Viscount Newport -(afterwards first Earl of Bradford), a distinguished loyalist, -and brave soldier in Charles the First’s army. He was taken -prisoner at Oswestry in 1644, at which time his wife (with -Lady D’Aubigny and others) also fell into the hands of the -rebels, as appears by a letter from the famous Hugh Peters -to the Earl of Stamford, soliciting the release of Lady -Newport. She died in 1694, and was interred at Chenies, -the burial-place of the Russell family in Buckinghamshire.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Dark blue dress. Seated, leaning her arm on a boulder. Landscape in the background.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_98'>98</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>LIBRARY.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i099.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_101'>101</span><span class='xlarge'>LIBRARY.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. HONOURABLE ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, GRENADIER GUARDS.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Undress. Guard’s uniform.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1794, DIED 1827.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the third son of the first Earl of Bradford -by the Hon. Lucy Byng. Was in the -Grenadier Guards, and wounded at the -battle of Waterloo, and at first reported -dead. He married, in 1817, Lady Selina -Needham, daughter of Francis, first Earl -of Kilmorey, by whom he had three children.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_102'>102</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. CAPTAIN THE HONOURABLE CHARLES ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, R.N.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Naval uniform. Holding a telescope.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1791, DIED 1860.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the second son of Orlando, first Earl of -Bradford (of the Bridgeman family), by Lucy -Elizabeth Byng, daughter of George, fourth -Viscount Torrington. He entered the Navy -in 1804 as first-class volunteer, on board -the <i>Repulse</i>, Captain the Honourable Arthur -Legge, under whom the following year he became Midshipman, -and was present at Sir Robert Calder’s action at the Passage -of the Dardanelles, and also in the Expedition of the Scheldt. -In 1809 he joined the <i>Manilla</i>, 36, Captain George Francis -Seymour (grandfather to the present Marquis of Hertford, -1885); in 1810 he was confirmed Lieutenant in the <i>Semiramis</i>, -both on the Lisbon station. He was subsequently appointed -Flag-Lieutenant to his old Commander, Rear-Admiral Legge, -under whose orders he had first sailed. Charles Bridgeman -was present at the defence of Cadiz, and joined successively -the <i>Bellerophon</i>, hoisting the flag of Sir Richard Keats, on the -Newfoundland station, and the <i>Royal Sovereign</i>, yacht, Captain -Sir John Poer Beresford. For two years he then commanded -the <i>Badger</i>, in the West Indies station, and assisted in the -reduction of Guadaloupe, and later on was appointed to the -<i>Icarus</i>, in South America, and the <i>Ruttenheimer</i>, which was -attached to the squadron in the Mediterranean.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_103'>103</span>Charles Bridgeman retired from active service in 1846, -attaining the rank of Vice-Admiral before his death. He -married, in 1819, Elizabeth Anne, daughter of Sir Henry -Chamberlain, British Consul at Rio Janeiro, by whom he had -a family of three sons and five daughters. Charles Bridgeman -was remarkable for his personal beauty, and was deservedly -popular in the service.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. THE HONOURABLE SELINA FORESTER, PRESENT COUNTESS OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black gown. Small dog in her lap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Francis Grant, afterwards Sir Francis Grant, P.R.A.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE youngest of the five beautiful daughters of -the first Baron Forester, by Lady Katherine -Manners, second daughter of the fourth -Duke of Rutland. She married, in 1844, -Viscount Newport, who succeeded his father -as third and present Earl of Bradford, by -whom she had four sons and two daughters.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_104'>104</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. PORTRAIT, SAID TO BE KING RICHARD THE THIRD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Painter Unknown.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. ROBERT JENKINSON, SECOND EARL OF LIVERPOOL, K.G.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Dark coat. White waistcoat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1770, DIED 1828.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-b.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -BEGAN his education at a school at Parsons-green, -where he remained till he was -thirteen, and was then removed to the -Charterhouse, where he continued for two -or three years, and distinguished himself in -classics and other branches of learning. -He afterwards entered Christ Church College, Oxford, but his -father had early destined him for public life, and directed -Robert’s studies with a view to his future career, making a -point that political science, commerce, and finance should be -especially attended to. At college young Jenkinson became -the companion and friend of George Canning, afterwards -Prime Minister, a friendship which continued for a very long -period. Robert Jenkinson was at Paris on the breaking out -of the Revolution, and witnessed the demolition of the -Bastille by the mob: he was the means of affording useful -information to the British Government respecting the state of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_105'>105</span>French public affairs, being in close correspondence with Mr. -Pitt. On his return to England he was chosen Member of -Parliament for Rye, under the especial patronage of the -Minister. But his election taking place twelve months before -his age qualified him to sit in the House of Commons, he -passed the intervening time in Paris. In 1791, on attaining -his twenty-first year, he took his seat, and made his first speech -in opposition to a motion of Mr. Whitbread’s on foreign -affairs, in which the young member showed a wonderful -acquaintance with European politics and international law. -Both he and his father were opposed to the Abolition of the -Slave-trade. When in 1792 Charles Fox moved an address -to the King to the effect that his Majesty should send an -Ambassador to the French Republic (Lord Gower having been -recalled), Mr. Jenkinson, in the absence of Mr. Pitt, replied -in indignant and eloquent terms: ‘On this very day, while we -are here debating about sending an Ambassador to Paris—on -this very day is the King of France to receive sentence; and -in all probability it is the day of his murder.’ And he proceeded -in glowing terms to point out how ill-advised, undignified, -and unfeeling the sanction which would thus be -given to ‘sanguinary monsters’ would appear in the sight of -all men. Fox’s motion was rejected without a division, and -Jenkinson’s eloquence gained him universal praise, Edmund -Burke being loud in his approbation. The young member -rose in the opinion of all parties from that moment, and -continued to take a prominent part as an upholder of the -Government, which course he pursued for several years. -In 1793 he was appointed one of the Commissioners of the -India Board: he invariably distinguished himself, especially -when speaking on matters connected with trade and commerce, -for which, Mr. Sheridan said, ‘Mr. Jenkinson might be -expected to have some claims to hereditary knowledge.’ In -1796 Robert’s father was created Earl of Liverpool, and he -<span class='pageno' id='Page_106'>106</span>himself assumed the title of Lord Hawkesbury. He was a -staunch advocate for the union with Ireland, and in 1801 he -became Foreign Secretary, on the formation of a new -Ministry, which gave him ample scope for his knowledge of -political affairs on the Continent; and in the fulfilment of his -official duties, he gained new laurels on many occasions too -numerous to detail here. Later on, the management of the -House of Commons (as it is technically called) devolved upon -Lord Hawkesbury, who spoke on all the important questions -of the day, and, at the opening of the next session, was called -up to the House of Lords in order to strengthen the Ministry -in the Upper House. On the return of Mr. Pitt at the head -of the Ministry, he received the seals of the Home Department. -At a late period of this session, on Mr. Wilberforce -again bringing forward his favourite question of the Abolition -of the Slave-trade, Lord Hawkesbury was instrumental in -opposing the measure in the House of Lords, after it had -passed the Commons, a course which he also pursued with -regard to the Emancipation of the Roman Catholics of Ireland, -advocated by Lord Grenville. On the death of Mr. Pitt -in 1806, the King sent for Lord Hawkesbury to form a new -Ministry, an offer which he deemed it advisable to decline, -accepting, however, the office of Warden of the Cinque Ports. -He afterwards resumed his old post as Home Secretary, -and, his father dying in 1808, he succeeded to the Earldom -of Liverpool. He warmly advocated the cause of Spain, -and was selected to move the thanks of the House of Lords -to Lord Wellington for his gallantry in the Peninsula. After -the assassination of Mr. Perceval in 1812, Lord Liverpool -was prevailed upon, after frequent refusals, to accept the -office of Prime Minister, and during his long administration, -which lasted from 1812 to 1827, many of the questions of the -deepest importance connected with home and foreign politics -were brought under the notice of the Government. Lord -<span class='pageno' id='Page_107'>107</span>Liverpool never slackened in his attention to public affairs, -whatever difference of opinion may have existed then, or -subsequently as to the liberality of his opinions. The last -occasion on which Lord Liverpool was seen at his post was -on the 15th of February 1827, when he moved an address -expressing the willingness of the House to make an additional -provision for the Duke and Duchess of Clarence. On the -next day, after rising apparently in good health, and reading -his morning letters, he was found by his servant stretched -lifeless on the floor, and when the three most eminent -physicians of the day were called in, it was ascertained that -Lord Liverpool was suffering from an attack of an apoplectic -and paralytic nature. As soon as prudence allowed, he was -removed to his house at Combe Wood, where he gradually -declined, both in mental and bodily power, and expired, in -the presence of his wife, and his brother and successor, the -Honourable Charles Cecil Jenkinson, on the 4th of December -1828.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Liverpool was twice married: first, to Lady Louisa -Hervey, third daughter of the Bishop of Derry, fourth Earl of -Bristol, who died in 1821; and secondly, to Mary, daughter -of Charles Chester, Esq., formerly Bagot, brother of the first -Lord Bagot. He had no children by either marriage.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE THE FIRST: EMPEROR OF FRANCE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Dark green uniform.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By David.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_108'>108</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. GEORGE AUGUSTUS FREDERICK HENRY, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue coat. White waistcoat. Cloak.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1789, DIED 1865.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of the first Earl of Bradford -by the Hon. Lucy Byng. He married, -first, Georgina, only daughter of Sir Thomas -Moncreiffe, Bart., by whom he had several -children; and secondly, Helen, widow of -Sir David Moncreiffe, Bart., and daughter -of Æneas Mackay, Esq., who died at Cannes in 1869.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. ANNE BOLEYN, SECOND WIFE OF KING HENRY THE EIGHTH.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Large cap. Gown cut square.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>EXECUTED 1536.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THIS is a crayon sketch by Holbein, with a memorandum -in his own handwriting.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_109'>109</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 9. ORLANDO, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>BORN 1762, DIED 1825.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>HE was the second Baron Bradford, and promoted to the -Earldom in 1815. He married, in 1788, the Hon. -Lucy Byng, daughter of George, fourth Viscount Torrington.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 10. QUEEN VICTORIA.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>A Sketch by Thomas.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Executed for Orlando, Lord Bradford, when Lord Chamberlain, by Her Majesty’s Permission.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. GEORGE THE SECOND, KING OF ENGLAND.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red coat. Ribbon of the Garter.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1683, CROWNED KING OF ENGLAND 1727, DIED 1760.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Pine.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_110'>110</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 13. EDWARD STANLEY, FOURTEENTH EARL OF DERBY, K.G.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black frock-coat. White waistcoat. Right hand on a table. Left holds the string of eye-glass.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1799, DIED 1869.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Francis Grant, P.R.A.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Edward, Lord Stanley, -afterwards thirteenth Earl of Derby -by Charlotte, second daughter of the Rev. -Geoffrey Hornby.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The subject of this notice was educated -at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, where -in 1819 he gained the Chancellor’s prize for Latin verse for -his poem of <i>Syracuse</i>. In 1821 he entered the House of -Commons as member for Stockbridge, and sat subsequently -for Preston, Windsor, and North Lancashire. He was Under-Secretary -for the Colonies from 1830 to 1833, Secretary of -State for the Colonies from 1833 to 1834, and again from -1841 to 1845. In 1844 he was summoned to the House of -Lords in his father’s barony of Stanley, and in 1859 was made -a K.G. He was First Lord of the Treasury in 1852, 1858, -and 1866. He was a strenuous opposer of Free-trade and the -Repeal of the Corn Laws, and his name is invariably connected -with ‘Protection.’ Lord Derby was remarkable as a statesman, -a scholar, a wit, and an orator. In the latter capacity -his enthusiasm and eloquence gained him the sobriquet of -‘the Rupert of Debate.’ In society his brilliant conversation, -keen sense of humour, and genial disposition, made him a -favourite with men and women of all classes and opinions, and -his death was as much deplored in private as in political -circles.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_111'>111</span>He married, in 1825, Emma Caroline, second daughter of -Edward, first Lord Skelmersdale, who survived him, and by -whom he had two sons and a daughter.</p> - -<p class='c016'>This little picture is the original design of Sir F. Grant for -a large portrait of Lord Derby, which was painted for the -family, and he afterwards finished it with great care, and gave -it to Lord Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 15. HENRY GRESWOLD LEWIS, ESQ. OF MALVERN HALL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>DIED 1819.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Constable.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>HE married the Honourable Charlotte Bridgeman, -daughter of Henry, Lord Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. THE HONOURABLE AND REVEREND GEORGE BRIDGEMAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black coat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1765, DIED 1832.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Constable.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the youngest son of Henry, first Lord -Bradford, by the daughter and heir of the -Rev. John Simpson. He entered the Church, -and held successively the family livings of -Weston, and Wigan (in Lancashire), where -he died.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1792 he married Lady Lucy Boyle, only daughter -<span class='pageno' id='Page_112'>112</span>of Edmund, seventh Earl of Cork and Orrery, by whom -he had two daughters and one son. Lady Lucy died in -1801, and in 1809 the widower married Charlotte Louisa, -daughter of William Poyntz, Esq. of Midgham, Berks, who -was first cousin to his first wife. This lady had no children, -and she died in 1840, at Hampton Court. Mr. -Bridgeman was a most amiable man and a most genial companion. -He was beloved in his own family, and among a -large circle of friends, by the servants of his household, the -poor in his parish, by children, horses, and dogs. Indeed, the -influence he exercised over animals was wonderful. In his -latter days he possessed a beautiful thoroughbred chestnut -mare, hot-tempered and violent by nature, who let no opportunity -slip of taking the bit between her teeth. The grooms, -until they became ‘up to her wicked ways,’ fought shy of -riding her, and the writer’s sister, a splendid and fearless -horsewoman, was very much mortified one day at finding she -could not hold ‘uncle George’s’ mare. Yet the moment Mr. -Bridgeman, then old and infirm, got into the saddle, the -generous beast became as quiet as a lamb, and her master -would often lay the reins on her beautiful neck, to show the -perfect understanding that subsisted between them. Added -to an earnest and by no means morose piety, the good pastor -possessed a vein of genial humour, and a genuine love of fun, -which was doubtless one of the qualities that endeared him to -the younger part of the community, and an anecdote is told -of him which is highly characteristic. One evening, dining -alone at a club in London, where he was little known, it was -impossible to avoid overhearing the conversation at a neighbouring -table, which, strangely enough, turned on his own son, -an officer of the Guards. The diners spoke of the pecuniary -difficulties into which he had lately been plunged, and while -they confessed his extravagance, they sang his praises—at -least he was not selfish, at least he spent his money on others, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_113'>113</span>etc. etc.; no doubt about it, Bridgeman was a capital fellow, -the best fellow in the world, and many were the jolly parties they -had had at his expense. Now this was a sore subject at that -moment to the Rector of Wigan, but his sense of the ludicrous -triumphed over every other feeling, and, rising quietly, -he advanced towards the astonished group at the other table. -‘Gentlemen,’ he said, ‘I am very grateful for the handsome -terms in which you have spoken of my son, but will you allow -me to remark that it is I who am the best fellow in the world, -since it is I who have paid for all those dinners and suppers, -which I am delighted to think you have so much enjoyed.’</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 17. THE HONOURABLE JOHN BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown coat. White waistcoat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1763, DIED 1850.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>After Hoppner.</span> <i>The Original is at Babworth.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the second son of Henry Bridgeman, -first Baron Bradford, of Weston under Lizard, -by the daughter and heir of the Rev. John -Simpson of Babworth, County Notts. In -1784 he married Henrietta Frances, daughter -and heir of Sir Thomas Worsley, Bart., -by whom (who died in 1791) he had, besides two children -who died young, a daughter who became heir to her uncle, -Sir Richard Worsley, and married the Honourable Charles -Pelham, afterwards Lord Yarborough. John Bridgeman -assumed the maternal arms and name of Simpson in 1785, -and eventually inherited the property of that family. In 1793 -he married, as his second wife, Grace, daughter of Samuel -Estwicke, Esq., by whom he had a very numerous family.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_114'>114</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 18. SIR GEORGE GUNNING, BART.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Dark coat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1783, DIED 1823.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Constable.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Sir Robert Gunning, -Bart., K.B., of Horton, County North Hants, -by Anne, only daughter of Robert Sutton, -Esq. of Scofton, County Notts. Sir Robert -had resided some time at the Courts of -Berlin and St. Petersburg, as Minister Plenipotentiary, -and was created a Baronet for his diplomatic -services. His son and successor, George, married the -daughter of Henry Bridgeman, first Lord Bradford, in 1794. -Sir George represented the boroughs of Wigan, Hastings, -and East Grinstead, at different periods in Parliament.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 19. SIR WILLIAM LOWTHER, BART.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown coat. White waistcoat. Right hand holding a fold of the coat. White frill.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1763 (?).</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Joshua Reynolds.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Sir Thomas Lowther of -Holker Hall, by Lady Elizabeth Cavendish -(called in the family Lady Betty), daughter -of the second Duke of Devonshire.</p> - -<p class='c016'>A note in Sir Joshua Reynolds’ handwriting -says that he made three copies of -the portrait of Sir William Lowther: one for Major Kynaston, -one for Mr. Bridgeman, and one for Lord Frederick Cavendish, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_115'>115</span>Lady Elizabeth’s nephew, in 1758. He died unmarried, -and left all the Holker property to Lord George Cavendish, -on whose death in 1794 the estates devolved on the Duke of -Devonshire, and are now in possession of the present Duke -(1888). Sir William Lowther was a man of refined taste, -had travelled much in Italy, and made an excellent collection -of pictures, respecting the purchase of which he gives some -amusing details in letters which are still extant at Holker.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 20. VICE-ADMIRAL LORD HUGH SEYMOUR.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Naval uniform.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1759, DIED 1801.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Hoppner.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the fifth son of Francis, Earl, afterwards -Marquis, of Hertford, by a daughter of the -Duke of Grafton. He entered the Royal -Navy while yet a boy, and justified his -parents’ choice of a profession for him, -never losing an opportunity of distinguishing -himself in the service he loved. His first cruise was on -board the <i>Pallas</i>, Captain the Honourable Leveson Gower.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1785 he married Lady Horatia Waldegrave, daughter -of James, second Earl Waldegrave, with whose beautiful -features we are well acquainted in Sir Joshua Reynolds’ -world-famed picture of ‘The Three Sisters,’ so long the glory -of Strawberry Hill. The union was very happy, only marred -by the separations which Lord Hugh’s profession entailed; -they had a family of five sons and three daughters. Seymour -gained post-rank early, and in 1794 did good service in -<span class='pageno' id='Page_116'>116</span>command of the <i>Leviathan</i>, on the glorious 1st of June (Lord -Howe’s victory), when he was promoted to a colonelcy of -marines. Next year he attained flag-rank, and commanded -the <i>Spaniel</i>, under Lord Bridport, in that Admiral’s encounter -with the French fleet off the island of St. Croix. From 1795 -to 1798 Lord Hugh had a seat at the Board of Admiralty, -after which he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Leeward -Islands, during which time the colony of Surinam surrendered -to the English combined naval and military forces -under Admiral Lord Hugh Seymour and General Trigge. -The Admiral’s eldest son, afterwards Admiral Sir George -Seymour, whose son succeeded to the Marquisate of Hertford, -was on board his father’s ship, but was invalided home in -1801, and on his arrival in England sad news awaited him. -His beloved mother was no more; while a fast sailing ship -brought the fatal tidings that a few days after his own departure, -Lord Hugh had died of yellow fever. Yet another blow -was in store for the poor young sailor, enfeebled by illness, -and nearly overwhelmed by this accumulation of sorrow, in -the loss of his favourite little brother, William, the pet of the -family. The tenderest care and most consummate skill were -needed to snatch George Seymour from the jaws of death. -But he lived to be an honour to his profession, and a blessing -to his family and friends. He inherited his mother’s beauty, -as those who remember him can testify. His countenance -was noble, his eyes large and brilliant, while even the wide -gash of a sabre cut, received in action, across the lips, was -powerless to mar the rare sweetness of his smile.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_117'>117</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 21. HENRY, FIRST LORD BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Peer’s Parliamentary robes. White hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1800.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Romney</span> (?).</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>[See page <a href='#Page_188'>188</a>.]</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 22. GEORGE BRIDGEMAN, ESQ.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Uniform Grenadier Guards. Scarlet cloak.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1727, DIED 1767.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Joshua Reynolds.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>HE was the third son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, by -Lady Ann Newport, daughter and heiress of the -second Earl of Bradford. He died unmarried at Lisbon.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_118'>118</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 23. CAPTAIN JOHN WILLETT PAYNE, R.N., AFTERWARDS VICE-ADMIRAL.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Naval uniform.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1752, DIED 1803.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Hoppner.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE entered the Royal Navy in 1769, on board -the <i>Quebec</i>, thirty-two guns, Captain Lord -Ducie; then served in the <i>Eagle</i>, sixty-four -guns, bearing the flag of Earl Howe, during -the American war, whence he was made -Lieutenant, and afterwards promoted to -post-rank, July 1780.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Captain Payne distinguished himself on several occasions, -especially in an engagement in the West Indies, in 1783, with -the <i>Pluto</i>, a ship of very superior force. He was in command -of the <i>Russell</i>, in Lord Howe’s memorable victory, the glorious -1st of June 1794. In 1799 he became Rear-Admiral of -the <i>Red</i>, and the following year succeeded Lord Bridport as -Treasurer of Greenwich Hospital. He brought over Caroline -of Brunswick, Princess of Wales, on board the <i>Jupiter</i>. -Jack Payne, as he was called in society, was a great favourite -and constant companion of the Prince of Wales, who appointed -him Comptroller of his Household, in which capacity he -made himself extremely popular by his courtesy, geniality, -and genuine kindness. At the time of his death he had -also the command (being then Vice-Admiral) of the coasts -of Devonshire and Cornwall, and Lord Warden of the Stannaries.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_119'>119</span>He died at Greenwich, whence he was followed to the -grave by an interminable procession of carriages, many of -which contained friends and acquaintances, for Admiral Payne -was a most popular member of society. He was buried in -St. Margaret’s, Westminster.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 24. THE HONOURABLE ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>When a child. In a red frock. Sitting on the lawn.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1819.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter, R.A.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE is the eldest son of the second Earl of -Bradford (of the Bridgeman family), by -Georgina, the only daughter of Sir Thomas -Moncreiffe, Bart. Educated at Harrow -School and at Trinity College, Cambridge; -was M.P. for Shropshire, from 1842 until he -succeeded to the Earldom in 1865; was Vice-Chamberlain of -the Royal Household from February till December 1852, and -from February 1858 till June 1859; Lord Chamberlain from -1866 till December 1868; and Master of the Horse to the -Queen from 1874 till May 1880; and again from June 1885 -till Feb. 1886. He is Deputy-Lieutenant of Staffordshire, and -Deputy-Lieutenant of Warwickshire; Captain of the Salopian -Yeomanry, 1844, and Lieutenant-Colonel of 1st Battalion of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_120'>120</span>Shropshire Volunteers; also Lord-Lieutenant and <i>Custos -Rotulorum</i> of Shropshire since 1875.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In 1844 he married the Honourable Selina Forester, -youngest daughter of the first Lord Forester, by Lady -Katherine Manners, second daughter of the fourth Duke of -Rutland.</p> -<div class='figcenter id004'> -<img src='images/i120.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_121'>121</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>DINING-ROOM.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i121.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_123'>123</span><span class='xlarge'>DINING-ROOM.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. MARGARET HOWARD, COUNTESS OF CARLISLE, AND HER NIECE, LADY DIANA RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Reddish brown gown. Resting her hand on a table. Little girl in a white frock leaning against her aunt’s knee.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1618. DIED 1664.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Stone after Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the third daughter of Francis, fourth -Earl of Bedford, by Catherine Brydges. She -married at a very early age James Hay, -afterwards second Earl of Carlisle, of that -family. Margaret’s father-in-law was often -connected with her own father in the political -events of the reign of Charles the First. After the death -of her husband in 1660, she married her second lord, -Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick, second Earl of Holland; and -lastly, Edward Montagu, Earl of Manchester, of whom -Clarendon speaks in terms of high eulogium. The little -girl in the picture is Lady Diana Russell, afterwards Lady -Allington.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_124'>124</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. THOMAS, EARL OF ARUNDEL AND SURREY.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In armour. With a boy beside him.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1592. DIED 1646.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-r.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -RESPECTING this picture there has been more -than one controversy, and it has been not only -erroneously named in a catalogue of a -gallery at Madrid, but copied, doubtless -from thence, into the edition of engravings -of Vandyck’s portraits in the British Museum. -It has been miscalled Don Alonzo Perez de Guzman el Bueno -and his son. The late Lord Bradford, when in Madrid, saw -a replica of the picture in his possession, and made a note to -the effect that the portrait could not be that of the Spanish -nobleman in question, according to the date of Vandyck’s -death. His lordship identified it as that of Thomas, Earl of -Arundel and Surrey, and his grandson.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Thomas was the only son of Philip, Earl of Arundel (who -died a prisoner in the Tower), by Anne, sister and co-heir of -Thomas, Lord Dacre of Gillesland. He was deprived, by his -father’s attainder, of the honours and greater part of the -estates of his family, and had only the title of Lord Maltravers -by courtesy during Queen Elizabeth’s reign, but was restored by -Act of Parliament in the first year of James the First (1603) to -all the titles and estates which his father had enjoyed before -his attainder, as also to the Earldom of Surrey, and to such -dignity of baronies as his grandfather, the Duke of Norfolk, -had also forfeited. He was, moreover, created Earl Marshal -in 1621, and Earl of Norfolk in 1644; he married Lady -Alatheia Talbot, daughter, and eventually sole heir, of Gilbert, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_125'>125</span>seventh Earl of Shrewsbury, and was succeeded by his second -son, Henry Frederick.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. DOROTHY, COUNTESS OF SUNDERLAND.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Crimson dress. Pearl ornaments. Pillar in the background.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1620, DIED 1683-4.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-i.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi0_7'> -IT has been well said of this beautiful and -exemplary woman, that she is even (like the -old Italian masters of painting) better -known to posterity by her sobriquet than -her name, for there were more than one -Lady Sunderland, but only one ‘Saccharissa.’ -The poet, therefore, may lay better claim to the title of godfather -than the sponsors who held the infant Dorothy at the -font. She was the eldest of the eight daughters of Robert -Sidney, Earl of Leicester, of that name, by Dorothy, daughter -of Henry Percy, ninth Earl of Northumberland. Lord and -Lady Leicester bore a high character for ‘integrity and refinement -of breeding at the Court of Charles the First, while in -private life they shone a bright example of domestic harmony.’ -Lady Leicester was a provident as well as a tender mother, and -she entertained early projects in the matter of an advantageous -marriage for her daughter, while Dorothy was still very -young. At sixteen the girl was renowned for her beauty, and -already surrounded by suitors. There appears to have been -a talk at Court of the probability of a match with my Lord -Russell, the heir of the house of Bedford; and Lady Leicester -writes from the country to her lord at Court, in 1635:</p> - -<p class='c023'>‘It would -<span class='pageno' id='Page_126'>126</span>rejoice me much to receave some hope of that lord’s addresses -to Doll, that you writt of to me, for next to what consarns you, -I confess she is considered by me above any thing of this -world.’</p> - -<p class='c022'>This marriage, however, was not to be, and there was -shortly after a talk of the Earl of Devonshire, which, by Lady -Leicester’s correspondence, appears to have had some let or -hindrance, through the interference of meddling interferers; -beside, she considered his mother and sister were ‘full of -decaite and jugling,’ professing to desire the union. The next -aspirant to the fair hand of the beautiful daughter of Penshurst -was no other than the celebrated Lord Lovelace, of whom her -mother thus writes: ‘I find my Lord Lovelace so uncertaine and -so idle, so much addicted to mean companie, and easily drawn -to debaucherie, it is now my studie to brake off with him. -Many particulars I could tell you of his wildnesse, but the -knowledge of them would be of no use to you, as he is likely -to be a stranger to us. For tho’ his estate is goode, his person -pretie enowfe, his witte much more than ordinarie, yet -dare I not venture to give Doll to him.’ Lady Leicester concludes -her letter to her husband by saying, ‘My deere hart, -let not these cross accidents trouble you, for we do not know -what God has provided for her.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>The poet Waller now came forward and laid himself at the -feet of the high-born beauty; he had been left a widower -when quite young, and had gifts of nature and fortune to recommend -him, but Dorothy’s parents looked for noble birth -in a suitor for their daughter’s hand, and it is to be feared the -poor poet was dismissed with some disdain. He was not inconsolable, -however; he sought solace from his Muse, and, -better still, in his union shortly afterwards with a willing bride.</p> - -<p class='c016'>A marriage was at length concluded ‘for dear Doll,’ which -was calculated to satisfy the best expectations of her parents, -and to ensure her own happiness.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_127'>127</span>Henry, Lord Spencer of Wormleighton, the first-born son -of the second lord, by Penelope, daughter of Thomas -Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, was born at Althorp, his -father’s country house, in 1620. To that father’s titles and -large estates the young man succeeded in 1636, and in 1639 -he was married at Penshurst, Lord Leicester’s beautiful home -in Kent, to that nobleman’s eldest and most beloved daughter, -Lady Dorothy Sidney. Lord Leicester was at the time -Ambassador to the Court of France, and immediately after -the marriage the happy young couple hurried off to join the -bride’s father in Paris, where they remained for two years, that -is to say, until Lord Leicester’s diplomatic mission was at an -end. On their return, Lord Spencer took his seat in the -House of Lords, and soon made himself an object of esteem -and commendation by his talents and general good conduct. -These qualities, added to his high position and large property, -naturally made him an object worth contending for by the two -adverse parties that were now beginning to convulse England. -Lord Spencer had liberal views in the literal acceptation of -the word, and stoutly opposed many measures which he considered -arbitrary that emanated from the Throne; and the Parliament, -which was now beginning to assume the executive, -had great hopes of the young lord, and believed that they had -bound him to their side when he accepted the Lord-Lieutenancy -of his native county which they offered him. But Lord -Spencer came of a loyal stock, and there is little doubt he -cherished the hope of mediating between the King and his Parliament, -in which expectation he had many sharers amongst -the nobility and gentry of the land. He strove all he could to -be a ‘daysman’ between the two factions, but finding that his -admonitions to the Parliament when they broke out into open -rebellion were of no avail, he proclaimed himself stoutly for -the King; and in the early and blissful days of his married -life he tore himself from the embrace of his beautiful wife -<span class='pageno' id='Page_128'>128</span>and the calm happiness of his ancestral home, to mix in the -noise, turmoil, and danger of a camp, in company with his -kinsman and countyman, the gallant Spencer Compton, Earl -of Northampton, who was destined to fall at Hopton Heath. -Lord Spencer joined the King at York, and when the royal -standard was unfurled at Nottingham, he took the field as a -volunteer. In his constant letters to his ‘dearest harte,’ he -gives a melancholy picture of the perplexed and unsatisfactory -state of affairs in the royal army. He says: ‘The discontent -that I and other honest men receive dayly is beyond expression,’ -and he declares ‘that were it not for the punctilio of -honour’ he would not ‘remaine an howre.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Spencer was with the King at Edgehill, and with -Prince Rupert at Bristol, etc. etc., and in 1643 he was raised -to the dignity of Earl of Sunderland. He writes a long and -most loving letter to his sweetest Doll from before Gloucester, -and thanks her for her letters, ‘writing to you and hearing from -you being the most pleasant entertainment I am capable of -receiving in anie place, but especially here, where, but when I -am in the trenches (which are seldom without my company), -I am more solitarie than ever I was in mie life.’ In another -letter written from Oxford in September 1643, he thus speaks -of his little daughter: ‘Pray bless Popet for me, and tell her -I would have writt to her, but on deliberation I deem it -uncivil to return an answer to a ladie in anie other characters -but her own, and that I am not learned enough to do.’ Alas! -the brave soldier was never more destined to enjoy his wife’s -dear company, or clasp his sweet Popet to his heart. Four -days after that letter was penned, the writer was struck down -by a cannon ball on the field of Newbury, in company with his -friend and brother in arms, ‘the incomparable Falkland,’ and -many other brave and loyal spirits. For twelve months -Lord Sunderland had fought beside the King, as a volunteer, -for he never would accept a commission. There is a most -<span class='pageno' id='Page_129'>129</span>touching letter extant from Lord Leicester to his widowed -daughter, which our limited space alone prevents our inserting -here. The fair hopes contained in her old admirer Waller’s -letter, written at the time of her marriage, to her sister, Lady -Lucy Sidney, were far from being fulfilled. After wishing the -couple every happiness, he says, ‘May her lord not mourn her -long, but go hand in hand with her to that place where is -neither marrying nor giving in marriage, but being divorced, we -may all have an equal interest in her.’ There spoke the disappointed -and jealous lover. Lady Sunderland was with child -of a daughter at the period of her lord’s untimely death, who -scarcely survived its birth. She retired to her husband’s estate -in Northamptonshire, where she made herself generally beloved. -‘She is not to be mentioned,’ says Lloyd in his Memoirs of the -Loyalists, ‘without the highest honour, in the catalogue of -sufferers, to so many of whom her house was a sanctuary, her -interest a protection, her estate a maintenance.’ Influenced, -it is said, by her father’s wishes, she contracted a second marriage -in 1652 to Sir Robert Smythe, of the family of the Lords -Strangford, a gentleman of Kent, but was again left a widow; -she survived Sir Robert some time, and, we are told, she continued -to see her old flame Waller, to whom she one day put -the dangerous question—‘Pray, Master Waller, when will you -write such pretty verses to me again?’ Was it the sting of old -mortification which prompted the cruel answer, ‘When your -ladyship is young and beautiful again’? By her first husband -Lady Sunderland had two children, Robert, the second Earl,—the -Minister of whom the anecdote is told that when Addison -intrusted Edmund Smith with the task of writing a history of -the Revolution of 1688, the proposed author asked the staggering -question, ‘What shall I do with the character of Lord -Sunderland?’ and a daughter, Dorothy, who married Sir George -Saville, afterwards Marquis of Halifax. By her second husband -she had an only child, Robert, Governor of Dover Castle. Lady -<span class='pageno' id='Page_130'>130</span>Sunderland lies buried by the side of her dearly loved Henry in -a beautiful monument, in the Spencer chapel, in the church of -Brington, hard by Althorp House, and in that house her name -is still a household word; and Saccharissa’s bed, the curtains -of which, having her embroidered monogram of S twisting -round columns, may still be seen in one of the principal -guest-chambers.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. CHARLES THE FIRST, KING OF ENGLAND.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Front face and two profiles.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1600, SUCCEEDED 1625, EXECUTED 1649.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Carlo Maratti after Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE second son of James the First, by Anne -of Denmark. Married Henrietta Maria of -France. Dethroned and beheaded by his -subjects. The original of this picture by -Vandyck, now at Windsor Castle, was sent -to Rome to Bernini, in order that he might -make a bust from the same; Carlo Maratti copied the picture -while in the sculptor’s studio. On first beholding the beautiful -and noble head, the sculptor is said to have exclaimed, -‘That is the portrait of one who is born to misfortune.’</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 12. VENETIAN COURTESAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Titian.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_131'>131</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 14. EDWARD SEYMOUR, FIRST DUKE OF SOMERSET, THE PROTECTOR.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Tight-fitting vest. Black hat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>EXECUTED 1552.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Holbein.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE second but eldest surviving son of Sir -John Seymour, of Wulfhall, County Wilts, -by Margaret, daughter of Sir John Wentworth -of Nettlested, County Suffolk. He -was educated at Oxford and Cambridge, and -joining his father, who was in high favour at -Court, entered the army, distinguished himself in France, and -was knighted for his services in 1525. On his return to -England he was appointed Esquire to the King, and was one -of the challengers in the tilt-yard at Greenwich, when Henry -the Eighth kept his Christmas there.</p> - -<p class='c016'>On the King’s marriage with his sister, Jane Seymour, -Edward was created Viscount Beauchamp, and in 1537 Earl of -Hertford. He was then sent to France on a mission, and was -created Knight Companion of the Garter, at Hampton Court, -on his return. From this time his life became most eventful. -He proceeded twice to Scotland, high in command, and again -to France, where he was instrumental in concluding a peace -with that country. Honours and distinctions too many to -enumerate were heaped on the King’s brother-in-law, even -after the death of poor Queen Jane. He was one of the -many executors of Henry the Eighth, by whose will he was -appointed guardian to the young King, and so prompt were -his measures and so successful his ambitious and self-seeking -<span class='pageno' id='Page_132'>132</span>policy that when the nephew was proclaimed King in London, -the uncle was appointed Protector of the realm. He already -bore the titles of Earl and Viscount, and Edward the Sixth, -not content with adding the title of Baron, bestowed a ducal -coronet upon him, in order that the name of that family, ‘from -which our most beloved mother Jane, late Queen of England, -drew her beginning, might not be clouded by any higher title -or colour of dignity.’ Thus ran the words of the patent. -When the Duke of Norfolk was attainted, the Protector was -made Earl Marshal for life. His power now became almost -absolute, and the boy King, delighted to do his uncle honour, -elected that he should sit on the right hand of the throne. -Indeed Somerset was now king in all but name, and his -enemies, of whom there were many, accused him of aspiring -to the Crown in good earnest. It was alleged against him -that he used the royal pronoun ‘we,’ and signed himself -‘Protector by the grace of God.’ But the life of Protector -Somerset belongs to the chronicles of the history of England. -Numerous factions rose up against him, at the head of which -were the Earl of Warwick, his sworn enemy, and his own -ungrateful brother, Thomas, Lord Seymour of Sudley. Many -charges were brought against him; he was deprived of all his -high offices, and imprisoned in the Tower. The young King, -who loved him dearly, had little power to befriend his uncle, -whose estates were forfeited, and he was treated with insult -and contumely. The Earl of Warwick was bent on his -destruction. Arraigned of high treason at Westminster Hall, -he demanded a trial of his peers, was acquitted of the principal -charge, but found guilty of felony, and after several months’ -imprisonment, in spite of every attempt on King Edward’s -part, Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, was condemned to -die on the scaffold. On reaching the platform, he kneeled in -prayer, and afterwards addressed the people, with the majority -of whom he was a great favourite, in calm and measured -<span class='pageno' id='Page_133'>133</span>terms, declaring his innocence, his loyalty to the King, and -his love of his native country. A tumult took place among -the people, and a horseman appearing suddenly in the crowd, -a cry was raised of ‘A pardon! a pardon!’ But all the -time his arch-enemy, Lord Warwick (or rather Northumberland, -as he then was), stood by untouched, shaking his cap and -making signs to the people to be quiet. We have not space -to make extracts from a dying speech, which for manliness, -forbearance, and piety could scarcely be surpassed. The -Duke, unbuckling his sword, presented it to the Lieutenant -of the Tower, gave the executioner money, bade all near him -farewell, and then kneeling down, arranged his collar and -covered his face, which showed ‘no signs of trouble,’ with his -handkerchief. Laying his head upon the block, he called out -thrice ‘Lord Jesu, save me,’ and then received the death-stroke.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Edward, first Duke of Somerset, was twice married. First, -to Catherine, daughter and co-heir of Sir William Fillol, of -Woodlands, County Dorset, respecting whom there exists a -mystery and rumours of misconduct. Certain it is that her -son was disinherited. There seems little doubt, at all events, -that the Duke’s second wife, the daughter of Sir Edward -Stanhope, of Bampton, County Dorset, an ambitious and -violent woman, worked on her husband’s mind, to the detriment -of her predecessor’s children, in spite of which the -coveted titles devolved after some generations on Catherine -Fillol’s descendants, ancestors in direct line to the present -Duke of Somerset.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Lucas Cranach.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_134'>134</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 18. PORTRAIT OF A LADY WITH A MONKEY.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Paris Bordone</span> (?).</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 22. PORTRAIT OF A CHILD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Paul Veronese.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 23. ANTHONY VANDYCK</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>As Paris.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1599, DIED 1641.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>After Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE eldest son of a merchant in Antwerp -(himself a painter in glass), by one Maria -Cuypero. Little Anthony’s mother was a -skilful artist in embroidery, and encouraged -her boy’s taste for drawing, in the rudiments -of which he received instruction from his -father. When only ten years of age he became the pupil of -Hendrik van Balen, a much-esteemed painter, who had studied -in Italy; but young Vandyck had set his heart on entering the -studio of his famous fellow-citizen, Peter Paul Rubens, and -that desire was fulfilled. His remarkable talent and untiring -industry made him a favourite both of master and scholars, -when an incident happened which brought him into prominent -notice. It chanced one afternoon, when Rubens was absent, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_135'>135</span>that the scholars invaded the sanctity of the private studio, -and, in the exuberance of animal spirits, indulged in what in -modern parlance is called ‘bear-fighting.’ An unfinished -Holy Family stood on an easel, the colours not yet dry, and, -in the course of the rough play, one of his companions pushed -Van Diepenbeke so heavily against the precious canvas that -the arm of the Magdalen and the head of the Virgin were -nearly effaced, and all the colours smudged. The general -consternation may easily be conceived. A council was held, -and a general decision arrived at that the most skilful among -the students should endeavour to repair the mischief. Unanimous -choice fell on Vandyck, who began to work in right -earnest, for there was not a moment to lose. There were but -a few hours of daylight left him, but he accomplished his task -before nightfall. Early next morning the dreaded moment -arrived. Rubens entered his studio in order to examine the -work of the preceding evening, when he pronounced the -memorable words which seemed to bestow a diploma on his -young disciple: ‘Why, this looks better than it did yesterday!’ -Then, approaching nearer, he detected the traces of a -strange hand. Investigation and explanation followed, and -Vandyck came in for great praise from the lips of his beloved -master. Rubens was most desirous that his talented pupil -should proceed to Italy to study the works of the great -masters, but in the meantime the young man had received an -invitation to England. The first visit he paid to our country -was short and unsatisfactory, and there are so many discrepancies -in the accounts of the work he did at that period -and his reasons for leaving England somewhat abruptly, that -we refrain from entering further on the subject. From England -Vandyck proceeded to the Hague, where he painted -portraits of every class and denomination of person, commencing -with the Court and family of the Stadtholder, Henry -Frederick. Nobles, warriors, statesmen, burghers, all vied for -<span class='pageno' id='Page_136'>136</span>the honour of sitting to him. The news of his father’s illness -recalled him to Antwerp. He arrived just in time to receive -that father’s blessing, and listen to his last injunctions, which -included an order to paint an altar for the Chapel of the -Dominican Sisters, who had nursed him tenderly in his illness. -After many delays from various causes Vandyck arrived in -Venice, where he studied Titian and Veronese, and afterwards -proceeded to Genoa, where he became the favourite of -the proudest nobles of that proud city, and adorned almost -every palace therein with splendid portraits. At Rome he -remained some years; the first order he received being that of -the world-renowned portrait of Cardinal Bentivoglio, which -attracted a crowd of sitters to his studio, including all the -nobility of the city and most of the foreign visitors. He then -made his way to Florence and most of the northern cities of -Italy, with a flying visit to Sicily, whence he was driven by -the outbreak of the plague. He returned to Antwerp, where he -at first shared the proverbial fate of the prophet in his own -country, and met with much ill-will and small patronage, until -his old friend Rubens came to his rescue by buying every -completed picture in his late scholar’s studio, and recommending -and befriending him on every occasion. Shortly -afterwards Rubens departed from Antwerp on a diplomatic -mission, and he left Vandyck undisputed master of the field. -His hands were now full; he received endless commissions -both in portraits and sacred subjects. He afterwards went to -Paris, and paid two visits to England; the second time he -was received at Court with every mark of distinction. Charles -the First treated the noble Fleming as a personal friend, -taking the greatest delight in his society. He became the -centre of attraction, and the cynosure of all eyes. Pre-eminently -handsome, brilliant in conversation, a good linguist, -an enlightened traveller—even without the crowning quality of -his splendid talent, the painter became a shining light in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_137'>137</span>refined and aristocratic circles of the English capital. The -King bestowed the honour of knighthood on him, and presented -him with a valuable miniature of himself set in diamonds. -Both their Majesties sat constantly for their portraits, -and it is needless to observe that every country house in England -is enriched by treasures from the brush of Vandyck. The -King and the Duke of Buckingham were busy in arranging a -suitable match for their friend and favourite. The lady -selected was Mary Ruthven, a member of the Queen’s household, -and grand-daughter of the unfortunate Earl Gowrie, -much esteemed for her goodness and beauty, who visited -Antwerp with her husband shortly after their marriage, where -they were received with every mark of respect and distinction. -After this they went to Paris, where Vandyck met with disappointment, -and fell into bad health, and on his return to -England he found that country in a state of confusion and -political strife, his royal and private friends involved in trouble -and perplexity, the King and Queen both absent from London, -and the Parliament in arms against the Crown. Sir Anthony’s -health declined, both physically and morally. He gave himself -up to the pursuit of alchemy, and would stand for hours over a -hot fire in the vain hope of obtaining the philosopher’s stone; -He grew haggard and wrinkled while still in the prime of life. -The King, returning to London, and hearing of his friend’s -illness, sent his own physician, but all human aid was unavailing. -A severe attack of gout, combined with other maladies, -proved fatal, and on the 9th of December 1641, the man who -by many has been considered the chief of the world’s portrait -painters breathed his last. Followed by a large retinue of -friends, he was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral, leaving a most -exemplary will, in which wife, child, sister, servants, were all -remembered, as also the poor in two parishes. He left an -only daughter, Justiniana, who married Sir John Stepney -of Prendergast, Pembroke, and afterwards Martin de Carbonnell. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_138'>138</span>She received a pension from King Charles the -Second.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lady Vandyck married a Welsh baronet, Sir Robert Pryce, -as his second wife.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 25. PORTRAIT OF A CHILD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Paul Veronese.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 26. SIR NICHOLAS CAREW.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black and white dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BEHEADED 1539.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Holbein.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE Carews came of an ancient family in -Devonshire, but the branch to which Sir -Nicholas belonged had settled at Beddington, -in Surrey, an estate that had come into -their possession by marriage.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Nicholas was the eldest son of Sir Richard -Carew, Knight-Banneret, by Magdalen, daughter of Sir Thomas -Oxenbridge, Bart., of Ford, in Sussex. When Sir Richard died, -and his son succeeded, the landed property was very extensive, -and it was said the owner might start from his own house, and -ride in any direction straight on end for ten miles at least on his -own land. When still a youth Nicholas went to Paris, where, -we are told, he became so enamoured of French manners, -customs, and fashions, that on his return to England he could -<span class='pageno' id='Page_139'>139</span>speak and boast of nothing else. Handsome, well-born, and -accomplished, he soon attracted the notice of Henry the -Eighth, who welcomed him at Court, and appointed him a -Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, a place which was then of -much higher standing than in later days. But Carew did not -make himself popular in the royal household. The constant -comparisons which he daily drew between the French and -English Courts, to the great disparagement of the latter, -offended his colleagues in the highest degree, and were not -calculated to gratify the King. Henry resolved to give the -young man a lesson. If he were so devoted to France, to -France he should go, and that without delay. At the same -time, unwilling to dismiss him without some ostensible reason, -he appointed Sir Nicholas governor of a fortress in Picardy, -which was in the hands of the English. A castle in a provincial -town did not offer the charms which Carew had found in -the splendid capital of France, and it may easily be believed -the office did not suit his taste. He doubtless petitioned -the King; at all events, he was recalled, forgiven, and taken -back into favour. He now became Henry’s almost inseparable -companion, and was foremost in all the jousts, tournaments, -maskings, and all kinds of Court revelry, in which they both -excelled and delighted. Carew was, moreover, appointed -Master of the Horse, at that period one of the highest offices -in the realm, and Knight of the Garter.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The favour of Henry the Eighth was as easily lost as won, -and Fuller tells us that a tradition in the family reported that -Carew’s downfall proceeded, in the first instance, from a -quarrel between him and his master at bowls, ‘when his Grace, -who was no good fellow, and would always rather give than -take in repartee,’ so exasperated his Master of the Horse, -‘that his answer was rather true than discreet, consulting his -own animosity rather than his allegiance, whereat the King -was so offended that Sir Nicholas fell from the top of his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_140'>140</span>favour to the bottom of his displeasure, and was bruised to -death.’ ‘This’—we quote Fuller all the time—‘was the true -cause of his execution. He was charged with high treason, as -accomplice with the Marquis of Exeter, Lord Montague, Sir -Edward Neville, and others, in a plot to depose King Henry -the Eighth, and place Cardinal Pole on the throne. They -were all found guilty, and sentenced to death, with the exception -of the Cardinal’s brother, who saved his own life by -betraying his confederates. The evidence against Sir Nicholas -appears to have been slight, but he was out of favour, and -everything was turned to his prejudice. He was beheaded -on Tower Hill in 1539.’ Holinshed said ‘he made a godly -confession of his fault, and his superstitious faith.’ He was a -Roman Catholic. Sir Nicholas Carew married Elizabeth, -daughter and afterwards sole heir of Sir Thomas Bryan, -Master of Common Pleas, by whom he had one son and -three or four daughters.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The son, Sir Francis Carew, never married, but having -regained a considerable portion of the estates forfeited on his -father’s attainder, during the reign of Elizabeth, he bequeathed -his property to his sister’s son, Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, on -condition that he assumed the name and arms of Carew.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 27. AN OLD MAN’S HEAD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 28. MAN’S HEAD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Tintoretto.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_141'>141</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 30. THE COUNTESS OF OXFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue and white dress. Holding a nosegay. A table beside her.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>BEATRIX VAN HEMMEND, a Dutch lady, a native of -Friesland, married Robert de Vere, nineteenth Earl of -Oxford. He died in 1632, at the siege of Maestricht, leaving -an only surviving child, in whom the earldom became extinct.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 33. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Titian.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 36. SIR KENELM DIGBY.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black dress. Hand on his breast. A globe by his side.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1603, DIED 1665.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_0'> -SON of Sir Everard Digby, born at Gothurst -or Gayhurst, County Bucks, the property of -his mother, daughter and sole heir of Sir -William Mulsho. He was but a child when -his father suffered death as one of the conspirators -in the Gunpowder Plot. The -Crown laid claim to the estates and revenues of the family; -but the widowed Lady Digby, a woman of great energy and -determination, not only saved her own dower by her -<span class='pageno' id='Page_142'>142</span>strenuous efforts, but rescued a few hundreds for her son out of -the wreck, and, although a rigid Roman Catholic, she suffered -her boy to be educated as a Protestant from prudential -motives. The romance of the loves of Kenelm Digby and -Venetia Stanley, which made such a noise at the time, and -has been the subject of curiosity and controversy ever since, -whenever their names are mentioned, began at a very early -age. Sir Edward Stanley, of the noble house of Derby, lived -at Tong Castle, County Salop. He married the daughter and -co-heir of the Earl of Northumberland, who brought him two -daughters, ‘the divine Venetia’ being the youngest. Her -mother died when she was a few months old. The widower -gave himself up to grief, shunned the world, and could not -even derive comfort from the society of his children. He -sent them therefore (or at all events Venetia) to the care of a -relative, who was a neighbour of Lady Digby’s. Thus began -the acquaintance, and Sir Edward’s beautiful little girl and -Lady Digby’s lovely boy met constantly, and played at love-making, -jealousy, rivalry, coquetry, quarrels, reconciliations,—in -fact a perfect rehearsal of all the drama that was to be -enacted in good earnest a few years later. The marriage of -the Princess Elizabeth with the Elector Palatine, afterwards -King of Bohemia, called Sir Edward to London. With a -violent wrench he tore himself away from his seclusion, and -sending for Venetia carried her with him to the Court of King -James, then the scene of great festivity.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In all these gaieties, according to Digby’s account, the -juvenile beauty took part, and was the centre of admiration. -In the meantime her young lover pursued his studies under -the care of Laud, Dean of Gloucester, subsequently Archbishop -of Canterbury, and afterwards with Dr. Thomas Allen, -an eminent scholar, at Oxford.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Digby distinguished himself at the University, where he -remained two years, but whenever he returned home for the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_143'>143</span>vacation, the flirtation with his fair neighbour was resumed. -He wrote a strange and wild romance respecting her, in -which it is impossible to disentangle truth from fiction, but -some of the adventures are too marvellous for belief, and the -whole narrative is disagreeable, and tedious into the bargain.</p> - -<p class='c016'>His jealousy seems to have been excited by a certain -courtier, whose suit, he affirms, was favoured by Venetia’s -governess. Lady Digby was too wise a mother to smile on -such a precocious courtship, even if she disbelieved the reports -which had already begun to circulate, detrimental to -Mistress Stanley’s reputation.</p> - -<p class='c016'>She despatched her son on foreign travel, but before his -departure the lovers had met and plighted their troth. According -to the traveller’s own account, he made a conquest of the -French Queen when in Paris <i>en route</i> for Italy.</p> - -<p class='c016'>A report of his death having been accidentally or purposely -circulated, Venetia’s conduct on the occasion was differently -represented to her absent lover, some declaring she was inconsolable, -others that she lent a willing ear to the suit of the -very same courtier who had before excited Kenelm’s jealousy.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Nothing can be more bombastic and high-flown than the -language in which he describes the fluctuations of his passion -for Venetia, his implicit trust in her constancy in one page, -his doubts and suspicions in another.</p> - -<p class='c016'>It seems more than probable that the prudent Lady Digby -intercepted her son’s love-letters, and did all in her power to -prevent a marriage she thought most undesirable, and she -was doubtless delighted when Kenelm accompanied his kinsman, -Lord Bristol, to Spain, where he was then negotiating -the Prince of Wales’s marriage with the Infanta at Madrid. -Kenelm became himself attached to the Prince’s suite, and -took an active part in diplomatic transactions.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In this land of romance it may well be imagined that the -handsome and accomplished Englishman ran the gauntlet of -<span class='pageno' id='Page_144'>144</span>many adventures among the dark-eyed daughters of the South, -nor does he omit to allude to innumerable conquests; indeed, -he went so far as to have a portrait of himself painted with -an effigy of one of his victims in the background, yet he -incessantly boasted of his constancy to the absent loved one. -On his return to England with the Prince of Wales, he was -knighted by the King at Hinchingbrook, and immediately -flew to his lady-love in spite of maternal prohibition. Then -followed recriminations, explanations, trials of her faith and -virtue, challenges, duels—a stormy suit, indeed, according to -his own testimony.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Respecting the date of their marriage there is great -difference of opinion. At all events, Kenelm insisted on its -being kept secret, nor was poor Venetia allowed to announce -it, even when a fall from her horse brought on a premature -confinement, which nearly cost her her life.</p> - -<p class='c016'>King James admired Sir Kenelm for his great erudition, -and complimented him on his essays on Sympathetic Powder, -Alchemy, and other subjects bordering on the supernatural. -On the accession of Charles the First, Sir Kenelm Digby was -made Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, Commissioner of the -Navy, and Governor of the Trinity House, shortly after which, -he was appointed to the command of a naval squadron, sent -to the Mediterranean against the Venetian fleet and the -Algerine pirates.</p> - -<p class='c016'>In this voyage he was eminently successful, bringing the -Venetians to terms, chastising the pirates, and releasing a -large number of English slaves. It is said that on the eve of -his embarkation, a second son being born to him, he had -permitted his wife to declare their marriage, and had consigned -her to the care of his kinsman, Lord Bristol, during -his absence from England. About this time, his faithful -old friend, Thomas Allen, bequeathed to him a splendid -library, which he made over to the Bodleian.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_145'>145</span>In 1633, after his return, his beautiful but far from happy -wife died, and the mystery which had shrouded Venetia’s -whole life hung like a dark cloud over her death, and reports -of all kinds were current.</p> - -<p class='c016'>There is no doubt that Sir Kenelm had been in the habit of -making chemical and alchemical experiments on Venetia for -some time past, and the tradition of the concoction of snails -which he had invented as a preservative of her naturally brilliant -complexion is still extant at Gayhurst, where it is said the -somewhat rare breed of large ‘Pomatia’ is still to be found.</p> - -<p class='c016'>By Digby’s desire his wife’s head (‘which contained but -little brain’) was opened, and he decided that she had taken -an overdose of viper wine. But spiteful women declared she -had fallen a victim to a viper husband’s jealousy, though -Aubrey, who tells sad tales of Venetia before her marriage, -says she was a blameless wife.</p> - -<p class='c016'>There is more than one portrait of her, with allegorical -emblems of Innocence, Slander, and the like. Her name had -often been coupled with that of the Earl of Dorset, and some -said he had settled an annuity on her, which was paid up to -the time of her death. Be this as it may, Sir Kenelm and -Lady Digby always dined once a year with my Lord Dorset, -who received them courteously but formally, only permitting -himself to kiss the beauty’s hand with great respect.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Venetia was buried in a church near Newgate, in a tomb -of black marble, with long inscriptions, surmounted by a -copper-gilt bust, all destroyed in the great fire. Numerous -epitaphs were written in her honour. Ben Jonson calls her -‘A tender mother, a discreet wife, a solemn mistress, a good -friend, so lovely and charitable in all her petite actions, so -devote in her whole life,’ etc.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Whatever Sir Kenelm’s real feelings were, his outward grief -was extreme. He retired to Gresham College, lived like a -hermit, studied chemistry, wore a long mourning cloak, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_146'>146</span>left his beard unshorn. Although it was generally supposed -that his secession from the Protestant faith took place when -he was in Spain, it was not until 1653 that he wrote to his -friend Laud (whose admirable answer is extant) to announce -the fact. He was a firm adherent of Charles <span class='fss'>I.</span>, and greatly -esteemed by Henrietta Maria; but his loyalty got him into -trouble with the Parliament, and he was exiled to France. -Returning in a few months he was imprisoned in 1640 for -nearly three years, and was supposed only to have regained -his liberty through the intercession of the French Queen, who -had loved him twenty years before. His release, however, -was conditional. He was forbidden to take part in any -public affairs, and he therefore gave himself up to literary and -scientific pursuits, and engaged in a polemical correspondence -with his quondam tutor, Laud, whom he is said to have -tempted to change his faith, by the bait of a Cardinal’s Hat. -Sir Kenelm returned to France and frequented the Court of -his old flame, the Queen Dowager, where his noble appearance, -almost gigantic size, his handsome features, agreeable -conversation and manners, his learning, and last, but perhaps -not least, his predilection for the occult sciences, made him -an universal favourite. On the death of his eldest son, killed -on the Royalist side at the battle of St. Neot’s, Sir Kenelm -returned to compound for his estates, but was not suffered to -remain in England. He went back to Paris, where Henrietta -Maria made him her Chancellor; and he was then intrusted -with a mission to Pope Innocent <span class='fss'>X.</span>, who welcomed him at -first, but after a time the ‘Englishman grew high, and hectored -at His Holiness, and gave him the lie.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Once more in England, after the dissolution of the Long -Parliament, Cromwell took him into his confidence, hoping by -his mediation to gain over the Roman Catholics.</p> - -<p class='c016'>His conduct in these circumstances has been praised by -some and censured by others, as may well be imagined, according -<span class='pageno' id='Page_147'>147</span>to religious and political bias. He travelled through -France, Lower Germany, and the Palatinate, always seeking -and being sought by men of letters; and 1660 saw him once -more back in his native land.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Charles <span class='fss'>II.</span> showed him but little favour. He was nominated -F.R.S., and resided (1663) in a fair house in Covent -Garden, where he had a laboratory. ‘Philosopher, theologian, -courtier, soldier; polite, amiable, handsome, graceful.’ Lord -Clarendon’s testimony is, ‘eccentric, vain, unstable in religion, -a duellist.’ These are the counterbalancing portraits of Sir -Kenelm Digby. He desired to be buried near Venetia. His -epitaph was as follows:—</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘Under this tomb the matchless Digby lies,</div> - <div class='line in1'>Digby the great, the brilliant, and the wise;</div> - <div class='line in1'>This age’s wonder, for his noble partes,</div> - <div class='line in1'>Skilled in six tongues, and learn’d in all the artes!</div> - <div class='line in1'>Born on the day he died, th’ eleventh of June,</div> - <div class='line in1'>And that day bravely fought at Scanderoon:</div> - <div class='line in1'>It’s rare that one and the same day should be</div> - <div class='line in1'>The day of birth, and death, and victory.’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c022'>He had four sons and one daughter.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_148'>148</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 40. SIR THOMAS KILLIGREW.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red slashed doublet. Fair hair. A bracelet on his arm. His hand rests on a dog’s head.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1611, DIED 1683.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the younger son of Sir Robert Killigrew -of Hanworth, County Middlesex, by -Mary, daughter of Sir Henry Wodehouse, -who married, secondly, Sir Thomas Stafford. -Thomas, or as he was usually called, Tom -Killigrew, was early initiated into the -mysteries of Court life, being appointed Page of Honour to -King Charles the First, to whom he remained faithful, and -followed Charles the Second and his mother in their exile. -About the year 1651 the King sent him in a diplomatic -capacity to Venice, where Killigrew seems to have disported -himself to his heart’s content, and it was evidently here that -he imbibed that passion for music and the drama, which never -forsook him, but which converted him into a dramatist and a -theatrical <i>entrepreneur</i>, rather, we should say, confirmed him -in these tastes which were already developed in his boyhood; -for we have an anecdote of his school days, how he would go -to the Red Bull Tavern, not far from the theatre, during the -performance, and how, more than once, the waiter came in -crying, ‘Who will go and be a devil on the stage, and he shall -see the play for nothing?’ an offer with which young Tom -gladly closed. Thus began his career; for was not he a merry -devil the chief part of his life?</p> - -<p class='c016'>Venice, as we have seen, suited his humour well, and -Thomas was evidently one of those foreigners who go on the -principle of howling with the wolves, and doing at Rome more -<span class='pageno' id='Page_149'>149</span>than the Romans do. In fact, he was so carried away by the -vivacity of the Venetians, the maskings, flirtings, and what -not, which he encountered in the fair city of the sea, that -Thomas began to out-Herod Herod, and lived his life at such -a rate as to scandalise the Venetian authorities, who directed -their ambassador at Paris to wait on the English King, and -urge the recall of his envoy. Charles complied, but it was not -likely that the peccadilloes of which ‘Tommaso’ had been -guilty should appear unpardonable in the eyes of the merry -monarch, and he received the delinquent into especial favour, -and on the Restoration Tom became Groom of the Bedchamber, -and the King’s inseparable companion. Pepys, in -his diary of 1660, about the time of Charles’s return to his -dominions, records his meeting with Tom, when being on my -Lord Sandwich’s ship, he met, ‘with other fine company, Tom -Killigrew, a merry droll, but a gentleman, full of wit and -humour, a general favourite, especially with the King. And I -walked with him for some time on the deck, and he told most -amusing stories.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Killigrew had not been long in England before he put -a darling scheme into execution, namely, to bring over an -Italian troop of actors from Venice to perform in singing -and recitative. He had by this time set up as a dramatic -author, and was instrumental in introducing into England the -fashion of female performers, for, until the Restoration, actresses -had not appeared on the stage, although in Italy, Spain, and -elsewhere, the female characters were always represented by -women. It may easily be believed that this innovation fell in -with the royal taste, and there was great amusement afforded -by a representation of the Parson’s Wedding, a comedy of -Master Killigrew’s own writing, entirely performed by females. -In another portion of his diary Pepys relates how he met Tom -at my Lord Brouncker’s one night in company with a certain -musician, one Signor Baptista, and Killigrew told us how they -<span class='pageno' id='Page_150'>150</span>proposed to give an opera entirely in the Italian language, and -he goes on to say that Baptista was singer, poet, and all in -one, and that he sang them one of the acts, and that from the -words alone, without any music prickt, which seemed to -astonish good Master Samuel, who makes some of his accustomed -sapient remarks on the occasion: ‘I did not understand -the words, and so do not know if they are fitted, but I -perceive there is a proper accent in every country’s discourse, -but I am not as much smitten by it as if I were acquainted -with the language.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Good Master Pepys had made a discovery in those early -times, which we recommend to the notice of many who pass in -these days for proficients in the vocal line. The newly-born -Italian opera now became the rage, very often, indeed, to the -detriment of the English theatrical companies, so much so -that sometimes Killigrew’s own dramatic productions were -played to empty benches. Besides Signor Baptista there was -another eminent musician, Francesco Corbetta, who not only -sang in opera, but gave lessons in singing and the guitar, an -instrument hitherto almost unknown in this country.</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘Famossissimo maestro, di ghitarra,</div> - <div class='line in2'>Qual Orfeo in suonar, ognun il narra!’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c022'>Guitar-playing became a perfect mania among the fine -ladies and gentlemen at Court, ‘the King’s relish for that -instrument,’ says De Grammont, ‘helping to bring it into -vogue, and the guitar (whether for show or use) was now as -necessary an appendage to a lady’s toilet-table as her rouge or -patch-box. In fact, there was a universal strumming of the -whole <i>guitarrery</i> at Court.’ Lord Arran, a younger son of the -Duke of Ormonde, and his sister were amongst the greatest -proficients; indeed, Lady Chesterfield was as much admired -for her musical talent as for her undoubted beauty, and it was -whispered her lord was very jealous of the Duke of York’s -<span class='pageno' id='Page_151'>151</span>evident appreciation of both these attractions. Tom Killigrew’s -popularity with the King increased daily, and there was a -report that his Majesty intended to revive the disused office of -Court Jester in the person of his favourite. We believe such -an <i>officer</i> had been attached to his father’s household, but the -post could only have been nominal. An old writer thus -describes the duties of a Court Jester, ‘A witty and jocose -person kept by princes, to inform them of their faults, and those -of other people.’ We scarcely give Charles the Second credit -for such a motive in his election. Pepys alludes to the -circumstance in these words, ‘Tom Killigrew has a fee out of -the Wardrobe for Cap and Bells as King’s Jester, and may -tease and rule anybody, the greatest person, without offence, -in privilege of his place.’ Of this privilege Tom took advantage, -sometimes in a good cause, for with all their faults and -failings, both he and his kindred spirit, Nell Gwynne, regretted -the bad odour into which Charles had fallen through his -neglect of public affairs, and Nell often admonished her royal -lover on the subject. One day the two friends hatched a -small plot. Says Nelly, ‘I have been just listening to the complaints -of one of the Court Lords, of Charles’s neglect of all -duty, and how that he has quite forgotten the existence of -such a thing as a Cabinet Council, upon which I bet his Lordship -£100 that the King should attend the very next. He -sneered, but accepted the wager.’ Now we do not know if -Nelly promised her accomplice to go halves, but we do know -that that evening, when the King was in Madam Gwynne’s -apartments, the door flew open, and in burst Tom, disguised -as a pilgrim. The King swore at him, and asked if he had -not heard the royal command that he should not be disturbed. -‘Oh yes, sire,’ was the reply, ‘but I was obliged to come and -take leave of your Majesty before my departure.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘Why, where the —— are you going, and what does this -absurd masquerading mean?’</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='pageno' id='Page_152'>152</span>‘I am starting this very moment for hell.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘Already,’ sneered the King, ‘and on what errand?’</p> - -<p class='c016'>‘To beg and pray of the devil to lend me Oliver Cromwell, -if for ever so short a time, to attend to the affairs of the -country, as his successor spends all his time in pleasure.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>The Jester was forgiven, and Nelly won her wager.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Another time Charles taxed his fool with telling everybody -that the King was suffering from torturing pains in the nose, -and asked the meaning of such a senseless report. ‘I crave -your Majesty’s pardon,’ says Tom, ‘I knew you had been led -by the nose for so many years, that I felt sure it must have -become tender and painful.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>But the Jester occasionally carried the jest too far; there -was a play called ‘The Silent Woman,’ given in London about -this time, wherein appeared the character of Tom Otter, a -henpecked husband, a reputation which the Duke of York -enjoyed at Court. One night Charles said, ‘I will go no more -abroad with Tom Otter and his wife.’ Now the courtiers well -knew that when the King made any slighting allusion to his -brother, they were expected to be tickled, so there was a -general roar. The Jester alone looked solemn. ‘I wonder,’ -said he, ‘which is best, to play Tom Otter to your wife or to -your mistress?’—a sally which made Charles very angry, for -he felt the reference was made to Lady Castlemaine, of -whom the whole world knew he stood greatly in awe.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Another evening Tom made a comic onslaught on Lord -Rochester, and that nobleman, actuated perhaps by <i>jalousie -de métier</i>, was so enraged that he dealt the Jester a swinging -box on the ear, unmindful of the royal presence, and threw -the whole Court circle into confusion.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Death alone could put an end to poor Tom’s fooling. He -died at his post at Whitehall in 1682-3, and then ‘where -were his gibes, his gambols, his flashes of merriment, that -were wont to set the table in a roar? Alas! poor Yorick.’</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_153'>153</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 43. MISTRESS HERBERT.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Elizabethan dress. Ruff. Jewelled hat. Auburn hair.</i> Inscription—‘<i>Richard</i></div> - <div><i>Herbert of Blackhall’s wife, being daughter to Newport of Arcole</i>.’</div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1627.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Zucchero.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE cannot do better in giving an account of -this most remarkable and exemplary woman -than to quote the words of her distinguished -son, Edward, tenth Lord Herbert of Cherbury: -‘My mother, Magdalen, was the -fourth daughter of Sir Richard Newport, by -his wife, Margaret, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Bromley, -one of the Privy Council, and Executor of King Henry the -Eighth. She married Richard Herbert, grandson of Sir -Richard Herbert of Blackhall, County Montgomery, Knight, -and surviving her husband, gave rare testimonies of an incomparable -piety to God and love to her children. She was -most assiduous and devout in her daily, both private and -public, prayers, and so careful to provide for her posterity, -that though it were in her power to give her estate, which was -very great, to whom she would, yet she continued long unmarried, -and so provident for them, that after she had bestowed -all her daughters with sufficient portions upon very good neighbouring -families she delivered up her estate and care of her -housekeeping to her eldest son Francis. She had for many -years kept hospitality with that plenty and order as exceeded -all, either of her county or town, for besides abundance of -provision and good cheer for guests, which her son Sir -Francis continued, she used ever after dinner to distribute -with her own hands to the poor, who resorted to her in great -<span class='pageno' id='Page_154'>154</span>numbers. Alms in money she gave also, more or less, as she -thought they needed it. After my mother had lived most -virtuously and lovingly with her husband for many years (who -died in 1597), she after his death erected a fair monument for -him in Montgomery Church, brought up her children carefully, -and put them in good courses for making their fortunes, -and briefly was that woman Dr. Donne has described in his -funeral sermon.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Speaking of his father Lord Herbert says: ‘He was black-haired, -and bearded, of a manly but somewhat stern look, but -withal very handsome; compact in his limbs, and of a great -courage.’ His grandfather was also distinguished for the same -quality, and was noted to be a great enemy to the outlaws and -thieves of his time, who appeared in great numbers in the -mountains of Montgomeryshire. Lord Herbert also commends -his grandfather’s extreme hospitality, which caused it -to be an ordinary saying, if any one saw a fowl rise in the -country at that time—‘Fly where thou wilt, thou wilt light at -Blackhall.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Mistress Herbert had seven sons, of whom the eldest was -the aforementioned Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and three -daughters. She seems to have merited her son’s encomiums. -Izaak Walton says of her: ‘She was a person of superior -abilities, and was highly esteemed for her great and harmless -wit, cheerful gaiety, and obliging behaviour, which gained her -a friendship with most of any eminent birth or learning in the -University of Oxford, where she resided four years during the -time of her widowhood, in order to superintend the education -of her children, who were all young at the time of their -father’s death. When she had provided for them she took to -her second husband, Sir John Danvers, Knight, brother and -heir to Henry, Earl of Danby, who highly valued both her -person and most excellent endowments of mind. It was -Magdalen Newport, Mrs. Herbert, and Dame Danvers, who -<span class='pageno' id='Page_155'>155</span>inspired those favourite lines of Dr. Donne, Dean of St. -Paul’s, so often quoted—</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘No spring or summer beauty hath such grace</div> - <div class='line in1'>As I have seen in an autumnal face.’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c022'>She lies buried at Chelsea.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 44. THOMAS CROMWELL, EARL OF ESSEX.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black and white dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Holbein.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of a blacksmith at Putney; -his mother, who married again, sent him -to a small school, where he learned little -more than reading, writing, and the rudiments -of Latin. When quite young he -evinced a passion for travel, and set out for -the Continent with very scanty means, which were soon exhausted, -and he found himself at Antwerp without money -or connections of any kind. But he was energetic and hard-working, -and he soon found employment as a clerk in an -English factory established in the city. Glad as Cromwell -was to earn his livelihood, the drudgery and confinement of -the life were irksome to the eager restless spirit of our young -adventurer, and he took advantage of the first opportunity to -escape. He made acquaintance with some countrymen from -Boston in Lincolnshire, bound for Rome, in order to obtain -certain indulgences from the reigning Pope, Julius the Second. -These men soon became aware that Cromwell’s intelligence -and capability were likely to make him a valuable fellow-traveller. -They therefore proposed to convey him to Italy, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_156'>156</span>an offer with which it may be imagined Cromwell eagerly -closed. At Rome he rose into favour at the Vatican by his -talent and ability, added to which substantial qualifications -our young traveller made himself acceptable to the Pope by -ministering to the well-known tastes of Julius for good living. -He is said to have instructed the Papal cook in the art of -preparing many a delicacy for the Pontiff’s table, till then unknown -in Rome, especially ‘<i>some rare English jellies, which his -Holiness pronounced delicious</i>.’ Italy was at that period the -theatre of constant warfare, and Cromwell became not only a -spectator, but an actor in many of the exciting events, serving -for a time as trooper in the army of the Duke, afterwards -Connétable, de Bourbon.</p> - -<p class='c016'>This great commander had left the service of France in -disgust, and had espoused the cause of Charles the Fifth, -Emperor of Germany. A companion in arms was John -Russell, eventually Earl of Bedford; a man who shone -alike as a soldier and a diplomatist, and had been employed -in the latter capacity by Henry the Eighth, and his prime -minister, Cardinal Wolsey. Being at Bologna a plot was formed -to seize his person and send him prisoner to Paris, the hotel -in which he lodged being already guarded by the soldiers of -the Gonfaloniere. Thomas Cromwell was also in Bologna -at that time, and no sooner did he receive intelligence of the -affair than he went to the municipal authorities representing -himself as a Neapolitan acquaintance of the English knight, and -offering to persuade him to give himself up quietly. He thus -gained access to Russell’s presence, and providing him with -the disguise of a peasant contrived in the most skilful manner -to effect his escape. Russell urged his deliverer to accompany -him, but Cromwell was not disposed to leave Italy so soon, -and entered the service of a rich merchant at Venice. Cromwell -was said to have been present at the battle of Pavia, -where Francis the First of France was taken prisoner. On his -<span class='pageno' id='Page_157'>157</span>return to England, the man whose life and liberty he had -saved, came forward to lend him a helping hand.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Russell, then in much repute at Court, recommended him -to the patronage of Wolsey, then in the zenith of his power. -The Cardinal took Cromwell into his service and confidence, -and made him secretary and chief agent in the great scheme -of the dissolution of the religious houses, which was now -carrying on, the funds thus raised being ostensibly apportioned -to defraying the expenses attendant on the erection -of the colleges which Wolsey was now founding—</p> - -<div class='lg-container-b c018'> - <div class='linegroup'> - <div class='group'> - <div class='line'>‘Those twin seats of learning,</div> - <div class='line in10'>Ipswich and Oxford.’</div> - </div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c026'>But there were whisperings abroad that much of the money -thus obtained overflowed into the pockets of ‘master and -man,’ a circumstance which Cromwell emphatically denied in -a conversation with Master George Cavendish, one of the -Cardinal’s gentlemen, and his eventual biographer. The -question of Cromwell’s fidelity to his master, when Wolsey -fell on evil days, has been differently treated by different -writers; but there is no doubt that when Wolsey left London -in disgrace, Cromwell followed him to Esher—or Asher, as it -is written by Master Cavendish—who tells us he went into the -great chamber, and to his surprise found Master Cromwell -standing in the large window, the tears distilling from his eyes, -with a primer in his hand, praying earnestly,—‘the which was -a strange sight,’ for it did not appear that the said Master -Cromwell was by any means given to devotion. Cavendish -inquired into the cause of his sorrow, asking anxiously if he -considered their master’s case to be so very hopeless, on which -Cromwell, with much candour, confessed that it was his own -fate he was bewailing, for it seemed most likely that he was on -the point of losing everything for which he had been travailing -all the days of his life; moreover, that he was in disdain -<span class='pageno' id='Page_158'>158</span>of all men simply for doing his master’s service, through which -he had never increased his living, on the contrary, had been -a heavy loser. Then he confided to Master Cavendish how, -that very afternoon, when the Cardinal had dined, it was his -(Cromwell’s) intention to ride with all speed to London, and -so to Court, ‘where I will either make or mar ere I come back -again.’ Assuredly in the audience which he solicited and -obtained did Master Cromwell make, and not mar, as far as -he himself was concerned. He had a long and explicit conversation -with the King, into whose favour he ingratiated -himself by suggesting the very line of conduct on which he -well knew Henry’s heart was bent. Acquainted with the -Monarch’s infatuation for Anne Boleyn, he now suggested, as -if from his own notion of advisability, that the King should -throw off all allegiance to the Pope, declare himself supreme -head of the Church throughout his own kingdom, and thus -facilitate the much desired measure of his divorce from Queen -Katherine. Such palatable advice was indeed well calculated -to win Henry’s good graces, and from that moment -Cromwell’s rapid rise began. The King, knowing what a -valuable auxiliary he had proved to his late patron in the -matter of the suppression of the religious houses, resolved to -secure Cromwell’s services for the same purpose. He therefore -confirmed him in the office of Steward of the Dissolved -Monasteries, made him a Privy Councillor, a Knight, Secretary -of State, Master of the Royal Jewel-house, Clerk of the -Hanaper (a lucrative post in the Court of Chancery), and -what Cromwell’s enemies termed ‘the Lord knows what.’ In -1535 Visitor-General of the said suppressed monasteries -throughout the realm, in which capacity Sir Thomas incurred -much censure, and was branded by many as cruel, rapacious, -and overbearing. In our judgment of this sentence we must -take into consideration the fever heat at which religious -animosity now stood; suffice it to say that Cromwell satisfied -<span class='pageno' id='Page_159'>159</span>the views of his royal master, and was not Henry cruel, -rapacious, and overbearing? Fabulous sums were extorted -from the exchequers of these establishments, and it was -almost universally believed that the favourite came in for a -considerable share of the booty. It was indeed evident he -did not remember the injunction laid upon him by Sir Thomas -More, namely, that he should advise the King what he <i>ought</i> -to do, not only what he was <i>able</i> to do. In 1536 he was -made Privy Seal, and the same year Baron Cromwell of -Okeham, County Rutland, and (the authority of the Pope -being by this time abolished in England) Henry instituted -a new office, to which he appointed his favourite. This was -Vicar-General, or in other words, Supreme Head of the -Church, as representative of the King, in which capacity he -sat in the House of Lords, and also at Convocation above the -Archbishop of Canterbury. The office included that of Principal -Commissary for the Administration of Justice in all -ecclesiastical affairs; of the godly reformation, and the redress -of all errors, heresies, and abuses of the English Reformed -Church, both in Parliament and Convocation.</p> -<p class='c016'>It was indeed strange that the man who, a very short time -before, had professed infidel doctrines (and was so unsettled -in his creed that when Cavendish found him at prayers, the -primer in his hand should be our lady’s matins) strange to -say that this individual should now come forward as the -principal pillar of the Reformation. Dr. Hook, in his <i>Lives -of the Archbishops of Canterbury</i>, says, Cromwell ‘was not a -real Protestant, and was generally supposed to be a man -who supported the party from which he could obtain most, -a statesman whose religion depended on politics, and who -had no knowledge of theological subjects.’ Yet from the -circumstances in which he was now placed all the English -Protestants rallied round him, and those of Germany treated -with him. In his new capacity Cromwell issued the most -<span class='pageno' id='Page_160'>160</span>stringent and binding regulations for the conduct of the -reformed clergy, was indefatigable in propagating the Bible -throughout the country, causing it to be read in churches, -and placed in convenient parts of the building, where the -parishioners themselves could refer to it on their own account. -But Cromwell’s life forms part of the history of the reign of -Henry the Eighth, and indeed of the Reformation itself. -And it is incumbent on us to condense this narrative lest -it exceed the prescribed bounds.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He continued to receive marks of favour from the King, -but his keen eye detected the gathering clouds in his own -future; and he knew if Henry once failed him there would -be little hope of stemming the tide of unpopularity which -threatened to overpower him. He well knew that he was -hated by all classes; the nobility, who grudged all the titles -and honours bestowed on ‘the blacksmith’s son’; the Roman -Catholics, who had good reason to detest him; while the reformed -clergy rebelled against many of the changes and innovations -which the Vicar-General had instituted in the services -and conduct of the Church; and the poorer classes were -indignant with him for depriving them of the bounty which -they had so long received from the religious houses. Cromwell -had good cause to be uneasy. He began by propitiating -‘the poor and needy,’ who now flocked by invitation to the gate -of his house in Throckmorton Street, oftentimes twice a day, -where they were regaled with bread and meat and money. He -then set on foot negotiations with the Protestant Princes of -Germany, more especially the reigning Duke of Cleves, in -order to bring about a marriage between that Prince’s sister -and Henry the Eighth, who was at this moment in one of -his transitory intervals of widowhood. Lord Cromwell imagined -that a Protestant queen of his own selection would be -an invaluable ally at Court, and help him to retain the favour -of the King, who was persuaded into the belief that the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_161'>161</span>Lady Anne of Cleves was not only ‘fair and portly,’ but -comely in face and feature, an error in which Henry was -confirmed by a very flattering portrait from the pencil of -Holbein. So the Princess was sent for to come over to -England, and a magnificent cortége was despatched, with the -Archbishop of Canterbury himself, to bring her on her way to -London; and Henry conceived the romantic idea of riding -down to Rochester in disguise to waylay his bride. Alas! for -the eager glance which his Grace cast into the travelling coach, -where sat a lady tall and portly indeed, but coarse and ugly in -face and feature! Henry, we are told, was ‘alarmed and -abashed,’ but he also was furious. He felt he had been deceived, -and he sent for Cromwell and bade him devise some -means for the prevention of the marriage. It was too late; -matters had gone too far, and the ceremony was performed.</p> - -<p class='c016'>It would appear that at the time the King did not -realise the idea that Cromwell was the principal instigator -of the hated union, for it was after the marriage that he -was raised to the Earldom of Essex, and made Lord Chamberlain, -and his son granted a separate peerage. We know -from the pages of history how the King’s horror of ‘the -Flanders mare’ increased day by day, and he never rested -till he had obtained a divorce, soon followed by the downfall -of the newly created Earl of Essex, whose ruin was -resolved on.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The Duke of Norfolk was intrusted with the task of arresting -his enemy at the Council Board on the opening of Parliament -in June 1540, and despatching him to the Tower, nor -was he loth to carry out the royal command. Essex claimed a -trial by his Peers, but the privilege was denied him. He was -condemned, says Dr. Hook, by the iniquitous statute, admitting -of attainder without trial, a measure of which he was not -the actual founder, as affirmed by some writers, but the reviver -<span class='pageno' id='Page_162'>162</span>of the same, and therefore by many pronounced deserving of -his fate.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He was accused of high treason, heresy, embezzlement, -and a host of other misdemeanours, but there is little doubt -the worst offence in Henry’s eyes was his instrumentality in -promoting the hateful marriage with Anne of Cleves.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The only voice that was raised in his behalf was that of -Archbishop Cranmer, who wrote a most eloquent letter to -the King, entreating him to spare the life of Lord Essex, but -it was unavailing. Cromwell’s demeanour in the Tower was -very different from that which had characterised Sir Thomas -More. He addressed the most abject letters to Henry, and -would have accepted life at almost any price. He wrote -‘with a heavy heart and trembling hand,’ and signed himself, -‘Your highness’s most humble and wretched prisoner and -poor slave, Thomas Cromwell.’ While underneath the -subscription came the words, ‘I cry for mercy, mercy, -mercy!’</p> - -<p class='c016'>Henry caused the letters to be read to him four times, -and at one moment showed signs of relenting, but in the end -was (as usual) inexorable. Four days from the passing of -the sentence, Lord Essex was led forth to execution, and -beheaded on Tower Hill. He made a speech full of loyalty -and submission to the royal will, words which were thought -to have been dictated by paternal solicitude for the welfare -of his only son. He furthermore confessed his sins, repenting -that he had ever abandoned the Catholic faith to which -he now returned, for in that he was resolved to die; then -kneeling in prayer, ‘he submitted his neck to the executioner, -who mangled him in a shocking manner.’</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_163'>163</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 46. LADY KILLIGREW.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Standing. White satin gown, dark drapery. Hands crossed.</i></div> - <div><i>Brown curls.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vandyck.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>Mistress Cecilia Crofts, maid of honour to the Queen -Henrietta Maria?</p> -<div class='figcenter id004'> -<img src='images/i204.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_165'>165</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>PRINCIPAL STAIRCASE.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i165.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_167'>167</span><span class='xlarge'>PRINCIPAL STAIRCASE.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. GRACE, COUNTESS OF DYSART.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Pale yellow dress. Leaning her elbow on a table.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1744.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Wright.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the daughter of Sir Thomas Wilbraham -of Woodhey, County Chester, by Elizabeth, -daughter and sole heir of Edward Mytton, -Esq., of Weston-under-Lizard, County Stafford. -She married, 1680, Lionel Tollemache, -Earl of Dysart, and, becoming co-heir with -her sister, the Countess of Bradford, took large estates to her -husband’s family. Lady Dysart had one son, who died -<i>v.p.</i>, and two daughters.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_168'>168</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. MARY, WIFE OF RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Pale yellow dress. Pink drapery. Holding a flower.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1661, DIED 1737.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Wright.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas -Wilbraham of Woodhey, County Chester, -Bart., by Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of -Edward Mytton, Esq. of Weston-under-Lizard, -which estate (besides a large fortune -from her father) Lady Bradford inherited -from her mother, and brought into the Newport family.</p> - -<p class='c016'>It is seldom the lot of any woman to live continuously in -one loved home, but Mary Wilbraham was born, married, -died, and was buried at Weston, where her childhood, youth, -the chief part of her married life, and the latter days of her -widowhood were all passed, and which she brought into the -Newport family. Francis, Earl of Bradford, and his wife were -most anxious to secure for their eldest son so desirable a match -as this young lady presented, not only on account of her noble -inheritance, but in respect of her amiable qualities and the -comeliness of her person.</p> - -<p class='c016'>They accordingly made good settlements on Lord Newport -to facilitate the union. We have a list of the lands and messuages -allotted to him, but to prove their worth we consider -two of them will suffice, at least in point of syllables, namely—the -Manors of Ginnioneth-ys-Kerdine, and Dykewyde, in the -county of Cardigan. Lady Bradford had six sons, of whom -four died without children, and two, Henry and Thomas, -succeeded to the Earldom, and four daughters, Mary, who died -unmarried; Elizabeth, wife of James Cocks of Worcester, Esq., -<span class='pageno' id='Page_169'>169</span>ancestor to the present Lord Somers; Anne, married to Sir -Orlando Bridgeman of Castle Bromwich, County Warwick, Bart.; -and Diana, married to Algernon Coote, Earl of Mountrath. -Mary, Countess of Bradford, survived her husband many -years, and lies buried by his side at Weston. Her loss was -deeply mourned by all classes, especially by the poor, to whom -her charity was unbounded.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Slashed dress of golden brown. White sleeves. Wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1644, DIED 1723.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of the first Earl of Bradford, -by Lady Diana Russell. During his -father’s lifetime he represented Shropshire in -Parliament for many years, and gained great -popularity in his county by his strenuous -support of the Bill of Exclusion, which -obtained for him a complimentary address signed by every -member of the grand jury, consisting of all the principal landholders -of the neighbourhood. He was Privy Councillor in -the reigns of Queen Anne and George the First, and Lord -Lieutenant and <i>Custos Rotulorum</i> for the county of Montgomery. -In 1681 he married the daughter and co-heir of Sir -Thomas Wilbraham of Woodhey, and Weston-under-Lizard, -Bart., by whom he had a numerous family. During his father’s -lifetime he resided chiefly at Eyton-upon-Severn, but in later -days he took up his abode at Weston, his wife’s inheritance -in Staffordshire.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_170'>170</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Robes of the Lord-Keeper. Holding the purse. Oval, in a square frame.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1609, DIED 1674.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Riley.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE son of Dr. John Bridgeman, Bishop of -Chester, by Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. Helyar, -Canon of Exeter, and Archdeacon of Barnstaple. -Educated by his father until he -went to Queens’ College, Cambridge, where -he took his degree of B.A. in 1623. The following -year he entered the Inner Temple, and applied himself -vigorously to the study of common law, ‘of which he became,’ -says Lord Campbell, ‘a profound master, caring little in -comparison for either literature or politics.’ When called to -the bar he made himself remarkable for his diligent attention -to business, although he had the expectation of a goodly -inheritance from his father. At the commencement of the -Long Parliament Orlando Bridgeman was returned for the -borough of Wigan in Lancashire. He voted silently, but, -with the exception of some measures on which he had conscientious -scruples, almost invariably for the King. He was -also one of the few who voted against the attainder of Lord -Strafford, in whose behalf he made a short but manly appeal. -When the civil war broke out Orlando did not indeed, as -was the case with several lawyers, throw aside the gown for -the sword; but he went into the north, and in the city of -Chester, and elsewhere, did the King good service by affording -the royal troops all the assistance in his power, in cooperation -with his father, the Bishop of the diocese. Clarendon -tells us how ‘the city of Chester remained true to his Majesty, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_171'>171</span>influenced thereto by the credit and example of Bishop John -Bridgeman, and the reputation and dexterity of his son -Orlando, a lawyer of very good estimation.’ For these proofs -of loyalty Bridgeman was expelled the House of Commons, -and the Bishop’s estates sequestrated. But when Charles -summoned the members of both Houses that had been -faithful to him, to his own Parliament at Oxford, Orlando -Bridgeman took his seat as member for Wigan, in Christchurch -Hall, and was there nominated by patent (sealed by -Lord-Keeper Lyttleton) to the post of Attorney-General of -the Court of Wards and Liveries, ‘an office,’ says Lord -Campbell, ‘when actually exercised, of great importance and -emolument, but now a mere feather in his cap, which Parliament -would not allow him to wear in their sight. At the -time of the Treaty of Uxbridge, Bridgeman was chosen one -of the Commissioners, and was thereto designated by his new -title, but the potentates of Westminster would not acknowledge -the appointment as valid, and treated him as plain -Orlando Bridgeman.’ When Oxford capitulated to Fairfax, -he retired to his country house at Morton, where he was -joined by the Bishop, and afterwards he proceeded privately -to London.</p> - -<p class='c016'>During the interregnum he refused to put on his gown -or to plead, but contented himself with acting as a conveyancer -or chamber counsel. Yet we are informed that he took -great note of passing events, whether judicial or political, and -though he prudently abstained from any small plot hatching -in the King’s name, which he considered would be prejudicial -to the royal cause, yet to the great measures which affected -the Restoration our lawyer gave his strong adherence, and -rejoiced in the return of Charles the Second to England. He -had quick promotion, being made Serjeant-at-Law, Lord -Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and Speaker of the House of -Lords in the absence of the Lord Chancellor. His conduct -<span class='pageno' id='Page_172'>172</span>on the trial of the regicides has naturally been differently -judged, according to the bias of party feeling, but at all events -his eloquence in charging the jury was highly extolled at the -time, and when he had concluded the applause was so great -that Judge Bridgeman felt himself called upon to check the -expression thereof, saying, ‘that it was more suitable for the -audience of a stage-play rather than a court of justice.’ His -language indeed was rather fantastic and flowery, but that was -the fashion at the time. He explained that ‘the treason of the -prisoners consisted not only in compassing and imagining the -King’s death, but in executing him in front of his own palace; -in fact, not only laying the cockatrice’s egg, but brooding upon -the same, until it had brought forth a serpent!’ On the expiration -of the trials, Bridgeman was made a Baronet and Chief-Justice -of the Common Pleas; and it was said of him that -while presiding in this Court his reputation was at its zenith, -and ‘his moderation and equity were such that he seemed to -carry a chancery in his breast.’ In the intrigues which were -being carried on against Lord Clarendon, Sir Orlando took no -part; indeed his conduct was invariably marked by generosity -towards the man whom he was destined to supplant, and he -did all in his power to prevent the Chancellor’s impeachment. -In 1667 he was appointed Lord-Keeper at the instigation of -some of the King’s advisers, male and female, and it was -whispered among his enemies that in that capacity he was at -first more complaisant than his predecessor in affixing the -great seal to royal grants, in favour of such personages as -Lady Castlemaine, and others of her calibre. Be this as it -may, the atrocious proceedings of the Cabal roused the Lord-Keeper -into resistance, and the opposition he offered to these -unscrupulous men hastened his downfall. His own family -were also most prejudicial to his prosperity, his wife being an -‘intriguer and intermeddler,’ combining with his sons in -matters with which they had no concern. Bridgeman was losing -<span class='pageno' id='Page_173'>173</span>favour at Court; he had lately made himself obnoxious to -the King and his surroundings by opposing many of their -measures, and when he refused to confirm the Act of Toleration -on the ground of illegality, Lord Shaftesbury hastened -to Charles’s presence bent on mischief, for that nobleman -had long had his eyes greedily directed towards the Great -Seal, and he became very eloquent in counting up all Sir -Orlando’s misdemeanours, ending by his <i>disinterested</i> advice -for that minister’s instant dismissal. Charles took a little -time to be persuaded, but after a while he sent off secretary -Coventry to demand the bone of contention from the Lord-Keeper. -Bridgeman was all unprepared for the hasty and -peremptory message, but he had no option, and the Great Seal -was delivered to the royal messenger. Charles kept it in -his own custody all night, and the next morning consigned -it with the title of Lord Chancellor into the willing hands of -Anthony Ashley Cooper. After his dismissal from office Sir -Orlando retired to his villa near Teddington, where he died, -and was buried. He was twice married—first to Judith, -daughter and heir of John Kynaston, Esq. of Morton, County -Salop, who died at Oxford, during the usurpation, and was -there buried. He had an only son, Sir John Bridgeman, -his successor. Sir Orlando had for his second wife, Dorothy, -daughter of Dr. Saunders, Provost of Oriel College, Oxford, -and relict of George Cradock, Esq. of Carsewell Castle, -County Stafford, by whom he had two sons and one daughter, -namely, Sir Orlando, created a Baronet; Sir Francis, -knighted in 1673, who married Susanna, daughter and heir -of Sir Richard Barker, Knight, but had no children; and -Charlotte, married to Sir Thomas Myddleton of Chirk Castle.</p> - -<p class='c016'>As must invariably be the case with men in prominent -positions, more especially in times of great civil, religious, -and political struggles, Sir Orlando Bridgeman’s character was -by turns eulogised and blamed; in spite of his loyal services -<span class='pageno' id='Page_174'>174</span>to Charles the First, that King found occasion to censure -his faithful servant at the time of the Treaty of Uxbridge, -on a question of religion, ‘having,’ said his Majesty, -‘expected otherwise from the son of a Bishop.’ Yet Sir -Orlando was a staunch Churchman. Burnet’s testimony was -merely to his judicial capacity. He said: ‘Bridgeman’s practice -was so entirely in common law that he did not seem -to understand what equity was.’ Roger North said: ‘He -was a celebrated lawyer, and sat with high esteem in the place -of Chief-Justice of Common Pleas: the moving him then -to the Chancery did not contribute to his fame’; while elsewhere -we are told ‘he carried a chancery in his breast.’ ‘He -grew timorous, which was not mended by age; he laboured -to please everybody, and that is a temper of ill consequence -in a judge.’ On the other hand, Lord Nottingham writes: ‘It -is due to the memory of so great a man to mention him with -reverence and veneration for his learning and integrity.’ -While Lord Ellenborough extols him as an eminent judge, -distinguished by the profundity of his learning and the extent -of his industry. At all events, there is no doubt that the name -of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Lord-Keeper of the Great Seal, -continues to be honoured, not only in the annals of his own -family, but in the learned profession of the Law.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_175'>175</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, FATHER OF THE LORD-KEEPER.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black gown and ruff. Shield episcopal. Arms of Chester, impaling</i></div> - <div><i>Bridgeman. Dated 1616. Aged 41.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1575, DIED 1657-8.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Jansen.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-e.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -EDWARD BRIDGEMAN was the younger -son of William Bridgeman of Dean Parva, -in the county of Gloucester. He settled in -the city of Exeter, and was, in 1578, High-Sheriff -of the said city and the county of -Devon. His son John was born in Exeter, -in a house not far from the palace-gate, which seemed an -omen of his future dignity. He was a studious boy, and -loved his books, and was carefully kept at school until it was -deemed advisable ‘to transplant him to the University,’ when -he was entered at Magdalen College, Cambridge, of which he -became a Fellow, and eventually the Master. In 1600, being -M.A., he was admitted <i>ad eundem</i> at Oxford, and here he -attained the degree of Doctor of Divinity, being the highest, -we are told, ‘a scholar can receive, or the University bestow.’ -Dr. Bridgeman’s character for learning and piety, combined -with refinement of manners and good breeding, had reached -the ears of King James the First, who appointed him one of -his Domestic Chaplains, and soon afterwards he became incumbent -of Wigan in Lancashire. For upwards of two -hundred years, even to the present day, the living in question -has been held, with scarcely any intermission, by a member of -the family of Bridgeman. In 1619 the Doctor was raised to the -See of Chester, being consecrated at Lambeth, at the same -time as the Bishops of Oxford and Bristol. Now the King -<span class='pageno' id='Page_176'>176</span>taking into consideration that the Bishopric of Chester was -less lucrative than some others, His Majesty also preferred -John Bridgeman to the living of Bangor in Wales, which he -was to hold <i>ad commendam</i>, or temporarily. Collins tells us -that his Lordship was not present in the Upper House, in the -year 1641, when the bishops protested against the proceedings -in Parliament, and were impeached, and sent to the Tower, -whereby he was saved the tedious imprisonment to which -his right reverend brethren were subjected. But all his proclivities -were Royalist, and during the usurpation, his estates -being sequestrated, he took refuge at his son’s country house -at Moreton, near Oswestry, in Salop, where he died about the -year 1657 or 1658, being buried in the neighbouring church -of Kinnerley, and not in the Cathedral of Chester, as some -writers have it.</p> - -<p class='c016'>This worthy Prelate was said to have been ‘as ingenious -as he was brave, and a great patron of those gifts in others -which he himself owned. He, moreover, was the father of -that great and good man, Sir Orlando Bridgeman, the Lord-Keeper, -who was a glory to his family, and indeed to the -country at large.’ The Bishop of Chester married Elizabeth, -daughter of Dr. Helyar (of a good old Somersetshire family), -Canon of Exeter, and Archdeacon of Barnstaple, by whom he -had five sons—</p> - -<p class='c016'>1. Sir Orlando Bridgeman, afterwards First Baronet, and -eventually Lord-Keeper.</p> - -<p class='c016'>2. Dove, Prebendary of Chester, married Miss Bennet of -Cheshire (who survived him), by whom he had one son, -Charles, Archdeacon of Richmond, in Yorkshire, who died -unmarried 1678. The widow of Dove Bridgeman married, as -her second husband, Dr. John Halkett, Bishop of Lichfield.</p> - -<p class='c016'>3. Henry Bridgeman, who was indeed rich in church preferment, -being successively Rector of Bangor and Barrow, and -Bishop of the Isle of Man. He married Catherine, daughter -<span class='pageno' id='Page_177'>177</span>of Robert Lever, of Lancashire, Gent., by whom he had one -daughter, who married Sir Thomas Greenhalgh of Brundlesham, -County Lancaster.</p> - -<p class='c016'>4. Sir James Bridgeman, Knight, who married the daughter -of one Mr. Allen, a gentleman of Cheshire, by whom he had -(beside a son and daughter, who died unmarried) Frances, -wife of William, Lord Howard of Escrick, and Magdalen, wife -of William Wynder, Esq.</p> - -<p class='c016'>5. Richard, a merchant in Amsterdam, married the -daughter of one Mr. Watson, also an English merchant in -that city, by whom he had a daughter, Elizabeth, married to -John Dove, Surveyor of the Customs; and a son, William, of -Westminster, some time Secretary of the Admiralty, and one -of the Clerks of the Privy Council, who married Diana, -daughter of Mr. Vernatti, an Italian gentleman. Their -children were Orlando, and Catherine, married to a relative, -son of Sir John Bridgeman, Bart.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FOURTH BARONET.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue coat. Red overcoat. Wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1764.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vanderbank.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son and successor of Sir John -Bridgeman, third Baronet, by Ursula -Matthews. He married Lady Anne Newport, -daughter and co-heir of Richard, -second Earl of Bradford, who, beside a -large fortune, brought the beautiful estate of -Weston into the Bridgeman family. Sir Orlando was for -some time M.P. for Shrewsbury.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_178'>178</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. HENRY NEWPORT, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red coat. Silver brandebourgs.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1734.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Dahl.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Richard Newport, -second Earl of Bradford, by Mary Wilbraham. -He represented Shropshire in several Parliaments -during his father’s life, and was at -different times Lord-Lieutenant and <i>Custos -Rotulorum</i> of the Counties of Stafford, Shropshire, -and Montgomery. Lord Bradford died unmarried at -his house in St. James’s Place, and was buried in Henry the -Seventh’s Chapel at Westminster.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He was succeeded in his titles, and such estates as he could -not alienate, by his brother Thomas, who had become imbecile -through a fall from his horse in early life in Cowhay Wood, -Weston Park. He was incompetent to manage his own affairs, -and, dying at Weston, 1762, his titles became extinct, and his -property descended to his nephews, the sons of Lady Anne -Bridgeman; and the Countess of Mountrath. Henry, Lord -Bradford was an immoral and vindictive man, and having -quarrelled with his mother on account of her endeavour to -disentangle him from some disgraceful connection, he vowed -vengeance on her and her whole family. This threat he -carried out in a shameful manner, and though the story is long -and complicated, yet it bears so nearly on the fortunes of the -present possessor of Weston, that we cannot refrain from -entering into details. In 1715, Lord Bradford cut off and -debarred all the then existing entails of the family estates over -which he had any power, and in 1730 he made a will by which -he left all his large estates in trust, for the use of John Newport, -<i>alias</i> Harrison, <i>alias</i> Smyth, his illegitimate son by Anne, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_179'>179</span>wife of Ralph Smyth, son of the Dean of Raphoe, that lady -being then Lord Bradford’s mistress; the property to revert -to the testator’s lawful heirs in the event of the aforementioned -John’s death without children. But two days afterwards he -repented of this partial act of compensation, and added a -codicil by which he left the same property to the same trustees, -in case of John’s death without heirs, to his mother, Mrs. Anne -Smyth, for her own personal use, to be devised as she saw fit, -provided that during John’s lifetime she should set aside a -proper sum for his use and maintenance, after which she -might make any use she chose of the residue. Four days afterwards -another codicil assured the lady in question a further -sum of £10,000.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Bradford died in 1734, and Mrs. Anne Smyth in -1742, having two months before her death made a will leaving -all the property bequeathed her by the said Earl to one Alexander -Small, a surgeon (excepting as before what was set aside -for the maintenance of John Newport), until John should -have attained his majority, which was not to be until he was -twenty-six years old. In the event of John Newport’s death -without children, then the reversion and inheritance of the -said estates she devised to William Pulteney, afterwards Earl -of Bath, his heirs and assigns for ever. It would be tedious -to relate all the legal proceedings which arose out of this -eccentric will; suffice it to say that it could not be proved till -1751, nine years after the death of the testatrix. Lord Bath -on his part devised the reversion of the property expectant on -the death of John Newport, to his brother, General Harry -Pulteney, who in turn devised it to the daughter of his cousin-german -(Daniel Pulteney), Frances, wife of William Johnstone, -and her said husband (who afterwards became a baronet, and -took the name of Pulteney), and to their heirs in tail male, -with remainder to Harry, Earl of Darlington, whose grandmother -was Anne Pulteney, aunt to the Earl of Bath, and -<span class='pageno' id='Page_180'>180</span>daughter of Sir William Pulteney of Misterton, County Leicester -and his sons in tail male.</p> - -<p class='c016'>All these aforementioned legatees died in succession -without male heirs, excepting the Earl of Darlington, who left -an only son, afterwards Duke of Cleveland, on whom the -whole of this enormous fortune devolved, and is part of the -heritage of the present Duke (1888). Thus the ancient -estates of the Newports, including those which descended to -them from the Princes of South Wales, passed away from the -rightful owners, excepting Weston-under-Lizard, Walsall, and -some other estates elsewhere mentioned, which became the property -of Sir Henry Bridgeman, grandson of Mary, Countess -of Bradford. The savings from the estate during the lifetime -of John Newport, which were said to exceed £200,000, were -ultimately divided (after deducting the great law charges) -between the Crown (to which it passed in default of heirs), -and, through a ridiculous quibble of the law, the representatives -of Ralph Smyth (John Newport’s mother’s husband).</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. LADY ANNE BRIDGEMAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>White satin dress. Leaning her arm on a table. Fair hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1690, DIED 1752.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Vanderbank.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the third daughter of Richard Newport, -second Earl of Bradford, by Mary Wilbraham. -She married Sir Orlando Bridgeman of -Castle Bromwich, Bart., by whom she had -(besides a daughter and two sons who died -young) Sir Henry, who succeeded his father, -and Diana, married to John Sawbridge of Ollantigh, in Kent. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_181'>181</span>This lady’s descendants are now the only representatives of -the ancient family of Newport.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 9. HENRY, FOURTH LORD HERBERT OF RIPSFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>DIED 1691.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Wissing.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-e.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -EDWARD, first Lord Herbert of Ripsford, the -‘noble author’ of whom Horace Walpole -speaks in terms of the highest enthusiasm, -and whose autobiography he published, was -succeeded by his son Richard, who married -a daughter of John, Earl of Bridgewater, by -whom he had two surviving sons (who in turn succeeded to -the title) and two daughters. The youngest, Florence, married -her kinsman, Richard Herbert of Oakley Park. Edward, -third Lord Herbert of Cherbury, a zealous loyalist, dying -without children by either of his three wives, the titles and -estates devolved on his brother Henry, who married Lady -Catherine Newport, daughter of Francis, first Earl of Bradford. -On the fourth Lord’s decease <i>s.p.</i>, the title became extinct, -but the dignity of Herbert of Cherbury was revived in favour -of his nephew (son of his sister Florence), Henry Arthur -Herbert, afterwards Earl of Powis, in 1743.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Catherine Newport, Lady Herbert, survived her husband, -and resided till her death at Lymore in Montgomeryshire, the -considerable estate belonging to Herbert which had been -appointed her as her jointure. She was remarkable for her -extensive charities.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_182'>182</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 10. SIR JOHN BRIDGEMAN, SECOND BART.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red dress. Holding a jewelled sword.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1630, DIED 1710.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Victor.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman, -Lord-Keeper, and the only child by that -gentleman’s ‘first venter’ (so runs a line in -the learned gentleman’s biography), Judith, -daughter and heir of John Kynaston of -Morton, in Shropshire, Esq. He married -Mary, daughter and heir of George Cradock of Carsewell -Castle, in Staffordshire, whose widow married Sir Orlando as -his second wife. By this alliance John Bridgeman’s mother-in-law -became his step-mother, a singular relationship. He -had four sons, three of whom died unmarried; the two who survived -him were John, his namesake and successor, and Orlando, -married to Catherine, daughter of William Bridgeman of -Comb, County Suffolk, Esq. The daughters were Mary, -married to Robert Lloyd, Esq. of Aston, in Shropshire; -Judith, married to Richard Corbet of Morton Corbet, County -Shropshire; Dorothy, wife of Lisle Hackett of Moxhull, County -Warwick; and three others who died unmarried. Sir John -died at his own house of Castle Bromwich, but was buried at -Aston, in Warwickshire.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_183'>183</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. FRANCIS NEWPORT, SECOND LORD NEWPORT, AND FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue mantle. Long wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1619, DIED 1708.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Dahl.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the eldest son of Sir Richard Newport, -Kt. of High Ercall, who was knighted by -King James the First, at Theobalds, and, in -1642, in consequence of his unswerving -loyalty to King Charles the First, created -Baron Newport. Sir Richard married -Rachel, daughter of Sir John Leveson, Kt. of Haling, or -Halington, County Kent, and sister to Sir Richard Leveson of -Trentham, County Stafford, Knight of the Bath. Francis was -the first born of a large family, and began public life at an early -age, being chosen to represent the borough of Shrewsbury in -Parliament, a few days after he had attained his majority. -He was one of the few members (fifty-six in number) who -had the courage to vote for the acquittal of Lord Strafford, -a proceeding which brought down on the heads of the so-called -‘Straffordians’ both insult and obloquy. He followed -in the footsteps of his father, declared for the Royal cause in -the unhappy differences between Charles and his Parliament, -and was soon expelled the House of Commons as a ‘malignant.’ -He took arms in the Royal army, and did gallant service in -the field, till he was made prisoner at Oswestry, when that -town was taken by the Earl of Denbigh and Colonel -Mytton. At the time of the insurrection in North Wales, -Francis Newport proved himself a zealous friend to Charles -the Second, and as powerful as he was zealous. He was -also engaged in the unsuccessful siege of Shrewsbury, which -town, in the beginning of the ensuing year, was once more -<span class='pageno' id='Page_184'>184</span>in the hands of the Royalists. On this occasion, as we have -mentioned elsewhere, Sir Edward Hyde (Lord Clarendon) -was sorely puzzled as to the respective claims to the Governorship -of Shrewsbury, between Sir Thomas Myddleton, and his -friend, Francis Newport. Two months after the restoration -of the King (May 29, 1660), Lord Newport was appointed -Lord-Lieutenant and <i>Custos Rotulorum</i> of Shropshire, and -later on, by Charles the Second, Comptroller and Treasurer -of the Household, and a Privy Councillor. In 1674 he was -advanced to the title of Viscount Newport of Bradford, County -Salop, and, on the accession of James the Second, his lordship -was continued in all his former offices for a time, but he -was a true patriot, and the arbitrary and unconstitutional -measures of the new King called forth in him a vigorous -opposition. So open was he in the expression of his political -opinions that he was not only superseded in all his offices at -Court, but was also removed from the Lord-Lieutenancy of -Shropshire, which was given up to the unworthy hands of the -Lord Chancellor Jefferies. He upheld the cause of religion at -the trial of the seven Bishops, and, being a firm Protestant, he -voted for the succession of the Prince and Princess of Orange. -On the day that William and Mary were proclaimed, Lord -Newport was reinstated in his posts in the Royal Household -and his Lord-Lieutenancy of Shropshire, in all of which offices -he continued until he attained the age of eighty-four, when they -devolved on his son. In 1694 he was created Earl of Bradford, -and on the accession of Queen Anne again sworn of the Privy -Council. Lord Newport was an object of special dislike to -James the Second, as we find from one of the ex-King’s -declarations (respecting a projected descent upon England), -that this nobleman would certainly be debarred from all hope of -pardon. Lord Bradford died at Twickenham in his eighty-ninth -year, and was buried at Wroxeter, near his country house of -Eyton, in Shropshire, where a marble monument on the south -<span class='pageno' id='Page_185'>185</span>wall of the chancel bears a long inscription to his memory. -It was written of him that ‘at the time of his death, he was -the most venerable character of any nobleman in England, -on account of his virtues, and the unblemished honour with -which he had filled every station of life. Equally a friend to -the clergy and to the poor, having enlarged the endowments of -several poor vicarages, and erected a charitable foundation at -Ercall for the support of the needy.’ King William had so -great a regard for the Earl of Bradford, that he paid him a -visit, and honoured him with his presence at dinner on his -eightieth birthday. He married Lady Diana Russell, daughter -of the fourth Earl of Bedford, by whom he had a large family, -five dying in their infancy; and</p> - -<p class='c016'>Richard, second Earl of Bradford;</p> - -<p class='c016'>Francis, who died unmarried;</p> - -<p class='c016'>Thomas, a Commissioner of the Customs in the reigns of -William and Mary, and Queen Anne, who, in the first year -of George the First was made a Lord of the Treasury and -raised to the peerage by the title of Baron Torrington of -Torrington, County Devon, and sworn of the Privy Council. -He was also at the time of his death a Teller of the Exchequer. -He had three wives: first, Lucy, daughter of Sir Edward -Atkyns, Lord Chief Justice of the Exchequer in the time of -James the Second; second, Penelope, daughter of Sir Orlando -Bridgeman of Ridley, County Chester, Bart., who died in 1705; -third, Anne, daughter of Robert Pierrepoint of Nottingham, -Esq., son of Francis Pierrepoint, and grandson of Robert, Earl -of Kingston. He died the 27th of May 1719, in the sixty-fifth -year of his age (when his title became extinct), and lies buried -at Wroxeter with Anne, his third wife, who survived him many -years, and died on the 7th February 1734.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_186'>186</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 12. LADY WILBRAHAM.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Pale yellow dress. Grey drapery. Pointing to a tulip.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-e.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -ELIZABETH, daughter and sole heir of -Edward Mytton, Esq. of Weston-under-Lizard, -which place he inherited through -females from the ancient possessors. -She married Sir Thomas Wilbraham of -Woodhey, Bart., by whom she had three -daughters, co-heiresses, who each inherited a large property, -both landed and funded, from both parents. They were, -Charlotte, wife of Sir Thomas Myddleton of Chirk Castle; -Mary, Countess of Bradford; and Grace, Countess of Dysart.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 13. SIR THOMAS WILBRAHAM, BART.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red coat. Blue mantle.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Verelst.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE family of Wilbraham, or, as it was formerly -written, Wilburgham, derived its name from -a manor in Cambridgeshire, where it was -settled in the reign of Henry the Second. -They afterwards removed to Cheshire, where -they became much respected and very influential. -The subject of the present notice was the son of -Sir Thomas Wilbraham, of Woodhey, County Chester, by -the daughter of Sir Roger Wilbraham of Bridgemoor, in the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_187'>187</span>same county. He married the daughter and sole heir of -Edward Mytton, Esq., of Weston-under-Lizard, by whom he -had three daughters, co-heiresses. The direct male line of a -very ancient Cheshire family ended in the person of Sir -Thomas Wilbraham.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 14. SIR JOHN BRIDGEMAN, THIRD BARONET.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>As a youth. Blue and gold dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1747.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Victor.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Sir John Bridgeman, second -baronet (the only son of the Lord-Keeper -by his ‘first venter,’ so runs an old biography), -by the daughter and co-heir of -George Cradock of Carsewell, County Stafford. -He was the eldest surviving of many -children, and married Ursula, daughter and sole heir of Roger -Matthews of Blodwell, County Salop; by whom he had a -large family, both sons and daughters, of whom only two -survived, namely, Orlando, his successor, and a daughter, -married to Hugh Williams, Esq.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_188'>188</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 15. FAMILY GROUP.</h3> -</div> - -<p class='c022'><span class='sc'>Henry Bridgeman</span>, <i>first Lord Bradford</i>; <i>yellow dress, hat and feathers</i>. -<span class='sc'>Lady Bradford</span>, <i>in green</i>. <i>The eldest daughter in a pink gown, -playing the harpsichord.</i> <i>Her sister in a white gown, playing the -harp.</i> <span class='sc'>Orlando</span> <i>in red</i>. <span class='sc'>John</span> <i>in blue</i>. -<span class='sc'>George</span> <i>sitting on the step near the pianoforte</i>.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Pine.</span></div> - <div class='c000'>SIR HENRY BRIDGEMAN, BART., FIRST BARON BRADFORD.</div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1725, DIED 1800.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE eldest surviving son of Sir Orlando -Bridgeman, by Lady Anne Newport, daughter -of the second Earl of Bradford. He sat -in Parliament for many years, and in 1794 -was advanced to the Peerage, as Baron -Bradford of Bradford, County Salop. He -married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Simpson, Esq., -by whom he had a large family. His wife, three sons, and -two daughters are represented in this group, namely, Orlando, -his successor, John (Bridgeman Simpson), George, Rector of -Wigan. The daughters married Henry Greswolde Lewis of -Malvern Hall, Esq., and Sir George William Gunning, Bart.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_189'>189</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. THE HONOURABLE MRS. GUNNING.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>White lace cap, and fichu.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1764, DIED 1810.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Hoppner.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the younger daughter of Henry Bridgeman, first -Lord Bradford, by Miss Simpson; married in 1794 -George William, only son of Sir Robert Gunning of Horton, -County North Hants, by whom she had several children.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 17. ELIZABETH, WIFE OF JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black dress. Cap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1636.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>After Jansen.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the daughter of Dr. Helyar, Canon of -Exeter and Archdeacon of Barnstaple, of an -ancient family in Somersetshire. She married -John Bridgeman, Bishop of Chester, famed -alike for his piety and his loyalty, by whom -she was the mother of five sons:—1. Sir -Orlando, afterwards Lord-Keeper; 2. Dove, Prebendary of -the Cathedral Church of Chester; 3. Henry, Dean of Chester; -<span class='pageno' id='Page_190'>190</span>4. Sir James, Knight; 5. Richard, a merchant in Amsterdam, -whose grand-daughter married her kinsman, Orlando Bridgeman, -fourth son of the second Baronet, and grandson of the -Lord-Keeper.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Mrs. Bridgeman was buried in Chester Cathedral.</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 19. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQUIRE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black coat. Blue overcoat on left arm. Long black wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1671, DIED 1721.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Dahl.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the fifth son of Sir John Bridgeman, -second Baronet, by Mary, daughter of George -Cradock, Esquire, of Carsewell Castle, -County Stafford. Orlando was M.P. for -Wigan, and married his cousin Katherine, -daughter of William Bridgeman, Esquire of -Coombes, Secretary to the Admiralty.</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 20. CHARLOTTE BRIDGEMAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>As a child. In a white frock. With an Italian greyhound.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1761, DIED 1802.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>DAUGHTER of Henry, first Lord Bradford, afterwards -the Honourable Mrs. Greswolde Lewis.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_191'>191</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 21. VISCOUNTESS TORRINGTON.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown gown. Black mob cap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1744, DIED 1792.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Gainsborough.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the daughter of John Boyle, Earl of -Cork and Orrery, by his second wife, Margaret -Hamilton of Caledon, County Tyrone. -She married, in 1765, George, fourth Viscount -Torrington, by whom she had four -daughters—Lady John Russell, the Countess -of Bradford, the Marchioness of Bath, and Emily, married to -Henry, eldest son of Lord Robert Seymour.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 22. LIONEL TOLLEMACHE, SECOND EARL OF DYSART.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown dress. Wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1648, DIED 1727.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Riley.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Sir Lionel Tollemache of -Helmingham, County Norfolk, by Lady -Elizabeth Murray, elder daughter and heir -of William Murray, Lord Huntingtower, -first Earl of Dysart. These honours were -conferred on William Murray, a member of -a younger branch of the house of Tullibardine by Charles the -First, with remainder to heirs male and female. His eldest -<span class='pageno' id='Page_192'>192</span>daughter, Elizabeth, married Sir Lionel Tollemache, and -succeeded her father as Countess of Dysart in her own right, -having obtained from Charles the Second, in 1670, a confirmation -of her honours, with a clause in the charter allowing -her to nominate any one of her children she pleased as her -heir. After the death of Sir Lionel Tollemache, his widow -married the Duke of Lauderdale, and dying in 1697 was -succeeded by her eldest son, Sir Lionel Tollemache, -as Lord Huntingtower and Earl of Dysart. He was -M.P. for Orford in 1678 and 1685, and represented the -County of Suffolk until he was incapacitated from sitting in -the House by the passing of the Act of Union with Scotland. -He had declined an English barony upon the accession of -Queen Anne. He married, in 1680, Grace, daughter and -co-heir of Sir Thomas Wilbraham, by whom he had a son and -two daughters. The eldest son, who married Miss Cavendish, -died <i>v.p.</i>, and their son succeeded his grandfather as Earl of -Dysart.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 23. PORTRAIT OF A YOUNG LADY. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Mrs. Beale.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_193'>193</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>CIRCULAR STAIRCASE.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i193.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_195'>195</span><span class='xlarge'>CIRCULAR STAIRCASE.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. HENRY RICH, EARL OF HOLLAND.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Cuirass. White sleeves embroidered in gold. Lace collar. Belt over right,</i></div> - <div><i>Ribbon over left shoulder.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>EXECUTED 1649.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By H. Stone.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE second son of Robert Rich, first Earl -of Warwick, by Lady Penelope Devereux, -daughter of Walter, Earl of Essex. He went -to France and Holland in his youth, and -returning to England appeared at Court, -where he attracted the notice and favour of -George, Duke of Buckingham, who was then all-powerful with -King James the First. It appears to have been through Buckingham’s -intervention that he married the rich heiress of Sir John -Cope of Kensington, of which place Rich shortly bore the title -of Baron. He also held offices at Court about the King’s -person, and that of Henry Prince of Wales; was made Earl -of Holland, Knight of the Garter, Privy Councillor, and sent -Ambassador to negotiate the marriage of Prince Charles, first -in Spain and afterwards in France. On the latter occasion it -was rumoured that his beauty and courtliness made a deep impression -on the heart of his future Queen, Henrietta Maria. -<span class='pageno' id='Page_196'>196</span>Clarendon says of him that ‘he was of a lovely and winning -presence, and genteel conversation.’ He also accompanied -the Duke of Buckingham to Holland on a diplomatic mission. -On the first breaking out of an insurrection of the Scots, he -was made General of the Horse, and though not in arms at -the commencement of the Civil War, when evil days fell on the -King, Lord Holland joined him with many other loyal noblemen, -and on his being appointed General of the Royal army, -numbers flocked to ask commissions from him. In 1648, -after many fluctuations of fortune, he was pursued and taken -prisoner near St. Neot’s in Huntingdonshire, whence he was -conveyed to Warwick House, and finally to the Tower, and a -High Court of Justice was appointed to sit for the trial of the -Earl of Holland, the Duke of Hamilton, and other Peers. -He was in ill-health at the time, and when examined answered -little, ‘as a man who would rather receive his life from their -favour than from the strength of his defence.’ He was condemned, -however, in spite of the influence of his brother, the -Earl of Warwick, and the exertions of the Presbyterian party. -There was not a large majority against him, but Cromwell, it -would appear, disliked him extremely, and accordingly on the -9th of March 1649, Lord Holland suffered death immediately -after the Duke of Hamilton.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Spent by long sickness, he addressed but few words to the -people, recommending them with his last breath to uphold the -King’s government and the established religion.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He left four sons and five daughters. Robert, the eldest, -succeeded to his father’s honours, and likewise to the Earldom -of Warwick on the death of his uncle in 1672.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_197'>197</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. FRANCIS NEWPORT, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue dress. Long wig.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1708, AGED 88.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>After Dahl.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. HENRI DE LA TOUR D’AUVERGNE, MARSHAL TURENNE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown dress. Armour.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1611, KILLED IN ACTION 1675.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE second son of the Duke de Bouillon, by -Elizabeth of Nassau, daughter of William -the Silent and Charlotte de Montpensier. -His father being one of the chief Calvinist -leaders, brought up his two sons, the Prince -de Sedan and the Vicomte de Turenne, in -the most rigid tenets of that party. From early childhood -young Turenne had set his heart on becoming a soldier, and -many interesting anecdotes are recorded of his boyish enthusiasm. -His military exploits, his daring gallantry and skill as -a commander, have made his name world-renowned, and the -battles that he won, the wonderful vicissitudes of his career, -<span class='pageno' id='Page_198'>198</span>both political and military, belong to the pages of European -history.</p> - -<p class='c016'>He was killed by a stray shot at the beginning of an engagement -with the Imperialist troops near the village of Salzbach. -His death was deeply deplored by his soldiery, of whom he -was the idol, and caused general consternation in Paris. -Madame de Sévigné in one of her letters gives a most graphic -account of the effect produced by the news of his death at -Court, which, for a time, suspended the usual routine of -festivity.</p> -<div class='figcenter id004'> -<img src='images/i198.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_199'>199</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>EAST STAIRCASE.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i199.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_201'>201</span><span class='xlarge'>EAST STAIRCASE.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. LORD LYNEDOCH.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black coat. Fur collar. White waistcoat. Cutlass under left arm.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1843.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THOMAS GRAHAM of Balgowan, created -Baron Lynedoch in 1814, having distinguished -himself by his services in the -Peninsular War, more especially at the victory -of Barossa, in 1811. He married, in 1774, -the Honourable Mary Cathcart, daughter of -Charles, ninth Lord Cathcart, who died in 1792. They had -no children, and on the death of Lord Lynedoch, the title -became extinct, and the estate of Balgowan devolved upon -his kinsman, Robert Graham, Esq.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Pale grey and green dress. Holding a nosegay. Red curtains.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_202'>202</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. GEORGE A. F. H. BRIDGEMAN, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown coat. Fur collar. White neckcloth.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1789, DIED 1865.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of the first Earl of Bradford of -the Bridgeman family, by the Hon. Lucy -Byng. He married as his first wife, in -1818, Georgina, only daughter of Sir -Thomas Moncreiffe, Bart., of Moncreiffe, by -whom he had Orlando George, his successor, -the present Earl; the Hon. and Rev. George Bridgeman, -rector of Wigan; the Hon. and Rev. John Bridgeman, rector -of Weston; and four daughters. Lady Bradford died in 1842, -and the Earl married, secondly, Helen, widow of Sir David -Moncreiffe, Bart., and daughter of Æneas Mackay, Esq. of -Scotston, Peebles. She died in 1869.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Without taking an active part in politics, his principles -were those of a staunch Conservative. He was an excellent -landlord, and took delight in enlarging and improving -his property. In his family he was beloved; in his -household highly respected. He wrote a book entitled -<i>Letters from Portugal, Spain, and Sicily</i>, when he travelled -to those countries, accompanied by Lord John Russell and -the Hon. Robert Clive, in 1812. This volume was privately -printed in 1875 by his son, the present Earl, and showed -him to have been a man of culture and refinement of taste, -more especially in points of art and literature. In both -<span class='pageno' id='Page_203'>203</span>branches he distinguished himself as a collector. The Vicar -of Tong, who had known Lord Bradford intimately for -upwards of twenty years, in a speech made at a public dinner, -speaks in the highest terms of his deceased patron, of his unaffected -piety and of his profound sense of justice, and holds -him up as an example to the surviving generation.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. MARQUESS OF DALHOUSIE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black coat. Ribbon. Order of the Thistle, and Star.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1812, DIED 1860.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Clark after Sir J. Watson Gordon.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-j.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -JAMES ANDREW RAMSAY was the third -but eldest surviving son of George, ninth -Earl of Dalhousie, by Christian, daughter of -Charles Broun, Esq. of Colstoun, Haddingtonshire. -He married, in 1836, Lady Susan -Georgiana, daughter of George, Marquess of -Tweeddale, and by her (who died on her voyage home from -India in 1853) had two daughters. Lord Dalhousie was -appointed Governor-General of India in 1847, and retained -that office till 1856. He was created Marquess of Dalhousie -of Dalhousie Castle, and of the Punjab, for his eminent -services in 1849.</p> - -<p class='c016'>On his death in 1860, the Marquessate became extinct, and -he was succeeded in the Earldom by his cousin.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_204'>204</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD AND PRESENT EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Full-length. Black velvet coat. Blue tie. Boots and spurs. Riding-whip.</i></div> - <div><i>Black retriever at his feet. Background landscape.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1819.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Francis Grant.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 13. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Oval. Dark cloak. White neckcloth.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1769, DIED 1852.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THE Iron Duke, the hero of the Peninsular War and -Waterloo, warrior, patriot, statesman. His biography -belongs to the annals of his country.</p> -<div class='figcenter id004'> -<img src='images/i204.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_205'>205</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>BEDROOMS.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id001'> -<img src='images/i205.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_207'>207</span><span class='xlarge'>BEDROOM A.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red dress, embroidered. Pearls and cross. Jewels in her hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='fss'>AFTER ZUCCHERO.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. MARY YATES.</h3> - -<p class='c025'><i>An old woman in a white cap looking out of an oval stone window. She -holds a board on which is inscribed ‘Mary Yates, aged 127 years. -Born at Wheaton Aston, in Staffordshire. She enjoyed her senses till -her death, but she was helpless five years before she died, which was in -August 1776. G.B.I.</i>’ ‘<i>Colombo pinxit.</i>’</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. ELIZABETH, LADY BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In crayons. Seated in a landscape. Red habit. Blue waistcoat.</i></div> - <div><i>With a little dog beside her.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1806.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the daughter and heir of the Rev. John Simpson, -and married in 1755 Sir Henry Bridgeman, afterwards -created in 1794 Baron Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_208'>208</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. HENRY, LORD BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue coat. White vest. Powder. Black retriever. In crayons.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1800.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>HE was the only son of Sir Orlando Bridgeman by Lady -Ann Newport. In Sir Henry’s person the title of -Bradford was revived, he being, in 1794, created Baron -Bradford. He married Elizabeth Simpson, who survived him, -and had by her four sons.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 10. LUCY BYNG, DOWAGER COUNTESS OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Crayons. A head. She wears a bonnet, with her hair in curls.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1844.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir William Ross.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the daughter of George Byng, fourth Viscount -Torrington, by Lady Lucy Boyle. She married, in -1788, Orlando Bridgeman, afterwards first Earl of Bradford, -who died in 1825.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. HAMET BEN HAMET.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In Oriental costume.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_209'>209</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 13. HON. MRS. BRIDGEMAN SIMPSON.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>High white dress and blue sash. Powder. Large hat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1791.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the only daughter of Sir Thomas -Worsley of Appuldercombe, Isle of Wight, -and married, in 1784, the Hon, John Bridgeman -(son of Henry, the first Baron Bradford), -who had assumed the surname of Simpson -in right of his mother, and had three children—a -son and daughter who died young, and Henrietta, heiress -of her uncle, Sir Richard Worsley. Henrietta married Lord -Yarborough.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 14. SIR THOMAS MONCREIFFE, SEVENTH BARONET, AND HIS SISTER.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Two children seated. The girl’s arm round her brother’s neck. Background,</i></div> - <div><i>landscape. White dress. Blue sash. Holding flowers.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1822, DIED 1879.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir William Ross.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Sir David Moncreiffe, sixth -Baronet, by Helen, daughter of Æneas -Mackay, Esq. of Scotston, and succeeded -to his father as seventh baronet in 1830. -Sir Thomas married, in 1843, Lady Louisa -Hay, daughter of the tenth Earl of Kinnoull, -by whom he had a very large family.</p> - -<p class='c016'>His sister Helen married, in 1844, Edmund Wright, Esq. -of Halston, Shropshire, and died in 1874.</p> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_210'>210</span> - <h2 class='c012'>BEDROOM B.</h2> -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 1. THE QUEEN (<span class='sc'>whom God preserve</span>!).</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Half-length. Black dress. White cap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By J. Blake Wirgman.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>PAINTED at Osborne by Her Majesty’s special permission -for the Earl of Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. CAPTAIN THOMAS MORTIMER, ADJUTANT, SHROPSHIRE MILITIA.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red uniform. Gold epaulettes. Grey hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By J. Weaver, 1819.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black coat. White waistcoat. Order of the Golden Fleece. Ribbon of</i></div> - <div><i>the Garter. The town in the background. Three-quarters length.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_211'>211</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. COUNTESS OF KINGSTON.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue dress. Little dog at her feet.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Mrs. Beale.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the wife of William Pierrepont, fourth Earl of -Kingston, and daughter of Robert, Lord Brooke.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. LORD JOHN RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Black dress. Holding a roll.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1792, DIED 1878.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir George Hayter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the youngest son of Lord John Russell, -afterwards sixth Duke of Bedford, by the -Honourable Georgiana Elizabeth Byng. In -an able article in the <i>Times</i> of 1878 mention -is thus made of this eminent statesman:—‘He -took an early interest in politics, and by -the time he left college his political faith had crystalised into -something very like that in which he lived, laboured, and died.’ -A visit to the Peninsula, where the star of Wellington was -then in the ascendant, modified his French ideas (he had -commenced by being an ardent advocate of the Revolution -in France) and inspired young Russell with such an admiration -for the hero that ever afterwards in the fiercest political -struggle he maintained towards the Duke the attitude and -language of profound admiration. His subsequent career -belongs to the history of his country. He was a zealous -upholder of Catholic Emancipation, and in the cause of -Parliamentary Reform was the leading spirit, the draft for the -<span class='pageno' id='Page_212'>212</span>first Bill of which was drawn up by his own hand. He sat -for numerous constituencies in the House of Commons for a -period of forty-seven years, during many of which he was the -leader of the Opposition. He filled many of the highest -offices of State, and was First Lord of the Treasury from 1846 -to 1852. In 1865 he was again at the head of the Government -from which he retired in 1866, having been raised to -the peerage as Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley in 1861, -and created a K.G.</p> - -<p class='c016'>His first wife was Adelaide, daughter of Thomas Lister of -Armitage Park, widow of the second Lord Ribblesdale (who -died in 1838 leaving two daughters).</p> - -<p class='c016'>His second wife was Lady Frances Elliot, daughter of -Gilbert, second Earl of Minto, by whom he had three sons -and a daughter.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Lord Russell was an author as well as a statesman, and -published several works political, historical, dramatic, etc. -He died at Pembroke Lodge in Richmond Park.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 12. THE HONOURABLE HENRY BRIDGEMAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Crayons. Black gown.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1795, DIED 1872.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sharples.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_67 c021'>THE son of the first Earl of Bradford. He married in -1820 his first cousin Louisa, daughter of the Honourable -John Bridgeman Simpson. Was a clergyman of the -Church of England, but afterwards embraced the Irvingite -doctrine.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_213'>213</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 15. THE REV. LEONARD CHAPPELOW.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In pastel. An old gentleman seated on a rock with a stick and book.</i></div> - <div><i>Wears his hat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sharples.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'><span class='sc'>He</span> was chaplain to Henry, Lord Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 16. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQ., SON OF SIR HENRY, WHO WAS AFTERWARDS CREATED LORD BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In pastel. Blue coat. Buff waistcoat.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 17. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Seated. Black coat. White waistcoat. Right hand in his bosom.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>Painted in 1822.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_214'>214</span> - <h2 class='c012'>BEDROOM C.</h2> -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 8. MARIE ANNE CHRISTINE, PRINCESS OF BAVARIA.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Low grey dress, cut square, trimmed with lace. Black head-dress</i></div> - <div><i>and white feather. Necklace and earrings.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1660, DIED 1690.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By De Troyes.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-d.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -DAUGHTER of Ferdinand, Elector of Bavaria. -Born at Munich. Negotiations being set -on foot for the marriage of this Princess -with the Dauphin of France, King Louis -the Fourteenth sent De Troyes to paint a -portrait of her, and likewise a confidential -envoy to give some description of his future daughter-in-law. -The report was satisfactory; for although not a real beauty, -Maria Christina possessed great perfection of form, and was -lively and agreeable. She was united to Louis, Dauphin of -France, in 1680, at Châlons-sur-Marne, where the French -court repaired to do honour to the nuptials. Anxious to find -favour in the eyes of her father-in-law, she perfectly succeeded -in the attempt, for the King found her very accomplished, -well-informed, of great conversational powers, and wonderfully -ready at repartee, while her easy, unconstrained, though -<span class='pageno' id='Page_215'>215</span>refined manners surprised the court of the Louvre. The -only drawback to the bride’s popularity was her love of quiet -and retirement; and after the festivities attending the celebration -of the marriage were concluded, the Dauphine evinced -her predilection for a small and intimate coterie, and the -propensity to yield too implicitly to the influence of one of -her Bavarian ladies, which caused some jealousy. Her time -was fully occupied by reading and devotional exercises. The -King strove in vain to wean her from pursuits which tended -to seclusion from the world; but, finding his attempts useless, -he no longer thwarted her inclinations. The Dauphine was -very ill at the time of the birth of her third son, the Duc de -Berry, and never recovered her health. When she felt her -end approaching, she sent for the child, whom she embraced -tenderly and blessed, concluding with these touching words: -‘C’est de bon cœur quoique tu me coutes bien cher.’ She -also took a tender leave of her eldest son, the Duc de -Bourgogne (father of Louis <span class='fss'>XV.</span>). Louis the Fourteenth sat -by the deathbed of his daughter-in-law, and when advised to -withdraw, he said, ‘No; it is better I should see how my -equals die;’ and he spoke some admonitory words in the -same strain to the Dauphin, who was also present, on the -transitory nature of earthly grandeur. The Dauphine’s -funeral oration was preached by Fléchier, and considered a -<i>chef-d’œuvre</i>.</p> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_216'>216</span> - <h2 class='c012'>BEDROOM D.</h2> -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>Nos</i>. 1 <i>and</i> 2.</h3> - -<p class='c022'><span class='sc'>PORTRAITS OF ORLANDO G. C., VISCOUNT NEWPORT -(PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD), -and SELINA, HIS WIFE.</span></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div><i>Crayons. Modern dress. Turquoise necklace. Diamonds in her hair.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Both by James Swinton, Esq.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_217'>217</span> - <h2 class='c012'>BEDROOM E.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. THE QUEEN (<span class='sc'>whom God preserve!</span>).</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In an evening dress, pale blue and red. Tiara, necklace, and earrings.</i></div> - <div><i>Red ribbon. Gold jewelled chain.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Clarke after Winterhalter.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_219'>219</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>MINIATURES.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i219.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_221'>221</span><span class='xlarge'>MINIATURES.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>[Only those that can be identified are named here, as -there are several on the lids of snuff-boxes and elsewhere of -which we cannot trace the originals.]</p> - -<p class='c016'>Five Miniatures in one frame which were given to the Earl -of Bradford by Mr. Shirley in 1868.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>1</i>. MISS WORSLEY, <span class='sc'>Heiress of Appuldercombe</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In powder.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She was the first wife of the Honourable John Bridgeman -Simpson.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>2</i>. THE HONOURABLE LUCY BYNG.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Reading.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She was wife of the first Earl of Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_222'>222</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>3</i>. THE HONOURABLE LUCY BYNG.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>With a lace veil on her head.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>4</i>. JOSEPHINE, EMPRESS OF THE FRENCH.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In a medallion.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>5</i>. ELIZABETH, LADY BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>White dress. Pearl necklace. Powder. On a snuff-box.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>She was the wife of Henry Bridgeman, first Lord Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>6</i>. THE HON. ELIZABETH BRIDGEMAN,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>afterwards Mrs. Gunning.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>Left by Sir George Gunning to the Countess of Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>7</i>. MRS. SALKEN.</h3> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>8</i>. ALEXANDER II., CZAR OF RUSSIA.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>BORN 1818, MURDERED 1881.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>On the lid of a snuff-box.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>Presented by the Emperor to the third Earl of Bradford, -when Master of the Horse in May 1874.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_223'>223</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>9</i>. <span class='sc'>LADY JOHN RUSSELL, Second Daughter of Viscount Torrington.</span></h3> -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>10</i>. THE SAME.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Her hair powdered.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>11</i>. HON. LUCY BYNG, COUNTESS OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<p class='c022'>On a brooch which belonged to her sister, Mrs. Seymour, -and was given to the Earl of Bradford by Lady Charles -Russell, <i>née</i> Seymour.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>12</i>. <span class='sc'>HON. O. G. C. BRIDGEMAN when two years old.</span></h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Present and Third Earl of Bradford.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Viscountess Newport after Anthony Stewart.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>13</i>. HON. GEORGE BYNG.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Small oval.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED AN INFANT.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>The son of the fourth Viscount Torrington by Lady Lucy -Boyle.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>14</i>. THE HON. ORLANDO AND MRS. BRIDGEMAN,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Afterwards First Earl and Countess of</span></div> - <div><span class='sc'>Bradford</span>.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>On a snuff-box.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_224'>224</span>15.</div> - <div class='c000'>JOHN BOYLE, <span class='sc'>Fifth Earl of Cork and Orrery</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>16</i>. MR. CHAPPELOW, <span class='sc'>afterwards Chaplain to the Earl of Bradford</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>AGED 18.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Trencher-cap and college gown.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>17</i>. WILLIAM THE FIRST, EMPEROR OF GERMANY.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>On a snuff-box.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>Presented by the Crown Prince to the third Earl of Bradford, -when Master of the Horse in 1879.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>18</i>. THE HON. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>afterwards First Earl of Bradford</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>19</i>. A LADY <span class='sc'>marked As ‘Mother of Mary Scott</span>.’</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>Presented to the Earl of Bradford in 1844 by Mrs. Scott.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>20</i>. LADY LUCY BRIDGEMAN,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Daughter of Edmund Boyle, Earl of Cork and Orrery</span>.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Black silhouette.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_225'>225</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>21</i>. HON. AND REV. GEORGE BRIDGEMAN,</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Son of the First Lord Bradford, and Husband of</span></div> - <div><span class='sc'>the preceding</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>22</i>. GEORGE BYNG, <span class='sc'>Fourth Viscount Torrington</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>A circular miniature.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>23</i>. LADY LUCY WHITMORE, <span class='sc'>Daughter of Orlando</span></h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>First Earl of Bradford, by the Hon. Lucy Byng</span>.</div> - <div>Married W. Whitmore, Esq. of Dudmaston, Co. Salop.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>24</i>. GENERAL VANDERNERCK.</h3> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>25</i>. HON. MRS. BRIDGEMAN AND LADY JOHN RUSSELL.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In one case.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>The Honourable Lucy and the Honourable Georgiana -Byng—daughters of Lord Torrington—the former afterwards -Countess of Bradford, to whom the miniatures were bequeathed -by the Duke of Bedford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>26</i>. GEORGINA ELIZABETH,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Wife of the Second</span></div> - <div><span class='sc'>Earl of Bradford</span> (<i>née</i> <span class='sc'>Moncreiffe</span>).</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Painted by Sir W. Ross.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_226'>226</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>27</i>. THE TWO ELDEST CHILDREN <span class='sc'>of the Second Earl and Countess of Bradford</span>.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Miss Magdalen Ross, 1828.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>28</i>. GEORGE IV., KING OF ENGLAND.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Bone, after Sir Thos. Lawrence.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>Belonged to the Marquis Conyngham, after whose death it -was given to the present Earl of Bradford by Lady Elizabeth -Bryan.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>29</i>. THE HON. MRS. PELHAM,</h3> - -<p class='c025'><span class='sc'>Daughter of the Hon. -Bridgeman Simpson, and Wife of Charles, afterwards -First Earl of Yarborough.</span></p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>30</i>. VISCOUNT NEWPORT, <span class='sc'>afterwards Second Earl of Bradford</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>1818. By Englehart.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>31</i>. GEORGINA ELIZABETH, VISCOUNTESS NEWPORT, <span class='sc'>Wife of the above</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Charlotte Jones.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_227'>227</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>32</i>. SELINA LOUISA, VISCOUNTESS NEWPORT,</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>Wife of the Present and Third Earl of Bradford</span>.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Full-length miniature.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Thorburn.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>33</i>. HON. ISABELLA BYNG, <span class='sc'>afterwards Marchioness of Bath</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>In a white satin case.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>Given to the Countess of Bradford, on her marriage, by -the Marquis of Bath.</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>34</i>. NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>A medallion.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>35</i>. HON. LUCY BYNG, <span class='sc'>Wife of the First Earl of Bradford</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Small miniature mounted on a red snuff-box.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>36</i>. THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>A medallion.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>37</i>. GEORGINA ELIZABETH, <span class='sc'>Wife of the Second Earl of Bradford</span>.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>After Sir William Ross.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_228'>228</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>38</i>. GENERAL THE HON. JAMES RAMSAY.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Miss G. E. Moncreiffe.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>39</i>. MRS. HENRY TIGHE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Mrs. Kenyon.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>40</i>. HON. LUCY BYNG,</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>afterwards Wife of the First Earl of Bradford</span>.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>41</i>. SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, LORD-KEEPER.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>From a portrait at Chirk Castle.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Miss Caroline Bridgeman Simpson.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_229'>229</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>LORD BRADFORD’S BEDROOM.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i229.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_231'>231</span><span class='xlarge'>LORD BRADFORD’S BEDROOM.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c027' /> -<p class='c028'>TWO SKETCHES OF LORD ALBERT CONYNGHAM, -AFTERWARDS FIRST LORD LONDESBOROUGH, -WITH HIS SECOND WIFE.</p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>HE WAS BORN 1805, DIED 1860.</div> - <div>SHE DIED 1883.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>Two Sketches in Oils by Francis Grant, afterwards Sir Francis</span>, <i>P.</i>R.A.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Design for a large Picture.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the second surviving son of Henry, first -Marquis Conyngham, by Elizabeth, daughter -of Joseph Denison, Esq. of Denbies, County -Surrey. Having succeeded to the large -estates and fortunes of his maternal uncle, -Lord Albert Conyngham assumed the surname -and arms of Denison, and was elevated to the peerage -by the title of Baron Londesborough. He married, first, in -1833, the Honourable Henrietta Maria Forester, fourth -daughter of the first Baron Forester, who died in 1841. -Lord Londesborough married, secondly, Ursula, daughter of -Admiral the Honourable Charles Bridgeman, who became -the wife of Lord Otho Fitzgerald.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_232'>232</span>THE THREE SONS OF GEORGE, VISCOUNT NEWPORT, PRESENT AND THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>With rocking-horse.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Calderon, in his very early days.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'><span class='sc'>George C. O. Bridgeman</span>, present Viscount Newport. -Born 1845; married, 1869, Lady Ida Lumley, daughter of -the ninth Earl of Scarborough. Was in the Life Guards from -1864 till 1867. Was elected M.P. for the Northern Division -of Shropshire from 1867 to 1885.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='sc'>Honourable Francis Bridgeman</span>; born 1846; married, -in 1883, Gertrude, daughter of George Hanbury, Esq. of -Blythewood. Is in the Scots Guards, and M.P. for Bolton.</p> - -<p class='c016'><span class='sc'>Honourable Gerald Bridgeman</span>; born 1847; Lieutenant -in Rifle Brigade. Died 1870.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>LADIES SARAH AND CLEMENTINA VILLIERS.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Chalon.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THE daughters of the fifth Earl of Jersey, by Lady Sarah -Fane, daughter of the tenth Earl of Westmoreland. Lady -Sarah married, in 1842, Prince Nicholas Esterhazy, and died -in 1853. Lady Clementina died in 1858.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_233'>233</span>CHARLOTTE, LADY SUFFIELD.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>In crayons.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1859.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Slater.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the only daughter of Alan Hyde, second Lord -Gardner. Married, in 1835, Edward Vernon, fourth Baron -Suffield, by whom she had no children.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>LADY MABEL BRIDGEMAN.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By E. Clifford.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THE eldest daughter of the third and present Earl of Bradford. -Married in 1887 to Colonel Kenyon-Slaney, -Grenadier Guards, M.P. for Newport Division of Shropshire.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>HON. G. C. O. BRIDGEMAN, THE PRESENT</div> - <div>VISCOUNT NEWPORT (1888).</div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1845.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_235'>235</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>LADY BRADFORD’S ANTEROOM AND SITTING-ROOM.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i235.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_237'>237</span><span class='xlarge'>LADY BRADFORD’S ANTEROOM.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>LADY ALBERT CONYNGHAM.</div> - <div class='c000'>DIED IN 1841.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Francis Grant.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THE Hon. Henrietta Forester, married to Lord Albert -Conyngham, afterwards Lord Londesborough, as his -first wife.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>QUEEN VICTORIA INVESTING THE SULTAN WITH THE ORDER OF THE GARTER ON BOARD THE ROYAL YACHT.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By G. Thomas.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THIS picture was painted by permission of -the Queen for Lord Bradford, who as Lord -Chamberlain assisted at the ceremony. Mr. -Thomas painted the same subject in a large -picture for the Queen, and he died before -he had finished this replica.</p> - -<p class='c016'>The Queen wished to confer the Order of the Garter upon -the Sultan without any previous notice, and the Lord -<span class='pageno' id='Page_238'>238</span>Chamberlain was commissioned to borrow the Insignia from -two of the Princes, K.G.s, who were on board. This he did -by procuring the Blue Ribbon and George from Prince Arthur, -and the Star from Prince Louis of Hesse. After the investiture -the Sultan was told, through his interpreter, that the Queen -had ordered more costly Insignia on purpose for His Imperial -Majesty, and that as soon as these were ready they should be -exchanged for those employed to-day. Upon which, without -a moment’s hesitation, the Sultan said to the Lord Chamberlain, -through his interpreter, ‘No, no, those which the -Queen has herself placed on me, I will never part from.’</p> - -<p class='c016'>We are tempted to insert this anecdote as it has an -historical interest, and one cannot but feel that the Sultan’s -speech betokened the chivalry of a newly dubbed knight.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>JOHN GEORGE, LORD FORESTER.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Black Coat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Rothwell.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_239'>239</span> - <h2 class='c012'>LADY BRADFORD’S SITTING-ROOM.</h2> -</div> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>MARY ISABELLA, DUCHESS OF RUTLAND.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Small sketch in colours.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1831.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Cosway.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the daughter of the fourth Duke of Beaufort, and -married, in 1775, Charles, fourth Duke of Rutland. -She was remarkable for her extreme beauty.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>QUEEN VICTORIA IN ST. GEORGE’S CHAPEL AT THE MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCE OF WALES.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Thomas.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_240'>240</span>THE HON. MABEL AND HON. FLORENCE BRIDGEMAN.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By A. Blakely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c016'>DAUGHTERS of Viscount Newport, present and third -Earl of Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>HON. GERALD O. M. BRIDGEMAN.</div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1847, DIED 1870.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Lundgren.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c001'> - <div>COUNTESS OF CHESTERFIELD.</div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1885.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Miss Cruickshank, after Sir Edwin Landseer.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the eldest daughter of the first Lord Forester, -consequently sister to the present Countess of Bradford. -She married, in 1830, George Stanhope, sixth Earl of Chesterfield.</p> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_241'>241</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>VESTIBULE.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i241.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_243'>243</span><span class='xlarge'>VESTIBULE.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No</i>. 1. COUNTESS OF BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>White satin gown and lace. Yellow rose. Lace tie with jewel.</i></div> - <div><i>Lace head-dress.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Clifford.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SELENA LOUISA FORESTER, wife of Orlando G. C. -Bridgeman, third Earl of Bradford.</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 3. DIANA BRIDGEMAN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue low dress. Lace stomacher and sleeves. String of pearls. Black cap. White feather.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1764.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By F. Cotes.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>SHE was the second daughter of Sir Orlando Bridgeman by -Lady Anne Newport. She married John Sawbridge, Esq. -of Ollantigh, County Kent.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_244'>244</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. LADY MYDDLETON.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue dress. White bodice. Large sleeves.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE was the only daughter of Sir Orlando -Bridgeman, Lord Chief-Justice, and married -Sir Thomas Myddleton, second Bart. of Chirk, -as his second wife. Her only daughter -Charlotte, married, first, Edward, Earl of -Warwick, and secondly, the Right Hon. -Joseph Addison, the celebrated author.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. LADY MARY NEWPORT.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue dress. Short hair. King Charles’s spaniel.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 7. ELIZABETH, WIFE OF HENRY BRIDGEMAN, FIRST BARON BRADFORD.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Pine.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 10. MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>After Zucchero.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_245'>245</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 11. MISTRESS MARY, OR MOLL DAVIES.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Golden brown satin gown.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Peter Lely.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-i.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi0_8'> -IN the reign of Charles the Second, she was a -member of the Duke of York’s troop of -comedians, and one of the four female actresses -who boarded at Sir William Davenant’s -house. She was on the stage as early as -1664, in which year she appeared in ‘The -Stepmother,’ and afterwards as Celia in ‘The Rivals,’ an -adaptation by Davenant of the ‘Two Noble Kinsmen.’ Pepys -makes frequent mention of her, and was a great admirer of her -talent. He even pits her against Nell Gwynne: ‘Little Mistress -Davies danced a jig at the end of the play in boy’s clothes, far -superior to Nelly’s performance in the same character.’ It is -true he calls her an impertinent slut, but that did not prevent -the King from losing his heart, and my lady Castlemaine from -being very jealous, seeing Charles’s eyes were fixed all the -time of the play on Mistress Moll. But what especially fascinated -his Merry Majesty were the wild, mad, melodious songs she -sang, and her wonderful grace and arch demeanour in dancing. -Charles bought and furnished a house for her, and made her a -present of a ring which cost £600, a large sum in those days. -He had a daughter by her, called Mary Tudor, who was born -in 1673, and married a son of Sir Francis Ratcliffe, afterwards -Earl of Derwentwater.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 13. PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Sir Antonio More.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_247'>247</span> -<img src='images/bunting.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>PASSAGE—FIRST FLOOR.</h2> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<img src='images/i247.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_249'>249</span><span class='xlarge'>PASSAGE—FIRST FLOOR.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='xlarge'>SOUTH WALL.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 2. MALE PORTRAIT. UNKNOWN.</h3> -<p class='c025'><i>Round black velvet hat. Long hair. Black velvet coat. Brown vest -cut square. Chain and medallion. His right hand on baluster, holding a -paper roll.</i></p> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> - <div class='nf-center'> - <div><span class='sc'>By Philip De Koning.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 4. ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, ESQ., AFTERWARDS SECOND BARON AND FIRST EARL OF BRADFORD, 1815.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div>BORN 1762, DIED 1825.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='c029'><i>As a youth. Light-coloured dress. White under sleeves. Lace collar -with tassels. Long hair. Cloak, same colour as dress, over right -shoulder.</i></p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 5. GEORGE BYNG, FOURTH VISCOUNT TORRINGTON.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>As a boy. Buff coat. White collar.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1812.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Ramsay.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-t.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -THE eldest son of the third Viscount by Miss Daniel. -He married in 1765 the Lady Lucy Boyle, the only -daughter of John, Earl of Cork and Orrery, by whom he had -four daughters, the eldest being the Countess of Bradford.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_250'>250</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 6. SECOND SIR ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FOURTH BARONET.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Claret coat. Powder.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By F. Cotes.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div>NELL GWYNNE.</div> - <div class='c000'><i>Oval. Purple and white dress. Green and red bow on left shoulder.</i></div> - <div><i>Pearl necklet.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1687.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Mrs. Beale.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-s.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -SHE first attracted notice by her beauty and -arch demeanour when selling oranges in the -taverns and theatres. She studied acting -under the elocutionists Hart and Lacy, both -very much esteemed in the dramatic profession -at the time. Her talents soon made her -distinguished on the stage, but she seldom attempted tragedy. -Her sprightliness and grace soon attracted the attention of the -King, and before this period she was said to have counted -the Duke of Buckingham and Lord Dorset among her admirers. -The enemies of the Duchess of Cleveland were glad of an opportunity -of recommending pretty Mistress Nell as a rival to -the haughty beauty, to whom she stood in strange contrast, -both in appearance and good-humour. In 1663 she was still -a member of the King’s company at Drury Lane, and was supposed -<span class='pageno' id='Page_251'>251</span>to have quitted the stage about 1672. Pepys, in speaking -of her in 1665, calls her ‘pretty witty Nell,’ and in 1666 he -mentions that he went with his wife to see ‘The Maiden -Queen’ by Dryden, in which there is a comical part taken by -Nell that ‘I never can hope to see the like done again by man -or woman.’ Also in the character of a mad girl and a young -gallant, both admirable. But when she attempted such a part -as the Emperor’s daughter, good Samuel confesses she does it -‘most basely.’ Burnet designates her as the ‘indiscreetest and -wildest creature that ever was in a court.’ Charles gave her a -house in Pall Mall, in which we are told there was one room -on the ground-floor of which the walls and ceiling were -entirely composed of looking-glass. An anecdote is given of -her, that, on one occasion when driving in a superb coach up -Ludgate Hill, she met some bailiffs hurrying a clergyman to -prison for debt. Inquiring as to the sum, she paid it on the -spot, and later on procured preferment for him. Her son, -afterwards Duke of St. Albans, was born in 1670 before she -left the stage.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Dryden was a great admirer of pretty Nell, and wrote a -prologue for her, which she spoke under a hat of such -enormous dimensions as almost to conceal her small figure. -The audience were convulsed with laughter, and Charles -was almost suffocated.</p> - -<p class='c016'>Nell called his Majesty <i>her</i> Charles the Third, as she had -had two protectors before who were his namesakes. Although -thoughtless and reckless, she was a good friend to Charles -in some respects, urging him constantly to pay more attention -to public affairs, and interceding with him for objects of -charity; she took a great interest in the foundation of Chelsea -Hospital, and persuaded the King to hasten its completion. -‘How am I to please my people?’ he asked of her one day. -‘There is but one way,’ she replied: ‘dismiss your ladies -and attend to your business:’ neither of which injunctions -<span class='pageno' id='Page_252'>252</span>was obeyed. Nell Gwynne died at her house in Pall Mall in -1691, having survived the King some years, who, it will be remembered, -in his last moments recommended her to the care -of those who stood beside his bed. Dr. Tenison, afterwards -Archbishop of Canterbury, preached her funeral sermon at the -church of St. Martin’s in the Fields, where she lies buried. -There is little doubt she died a penitent.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 9. PORTRAIT OF A LADY. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><span class='sc'>By G. Morphy.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c030'>WEST WALL.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 14. PORTRAIT OF A LADY.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Low brown dress. White sleeves. Pearls in her hair. Little</i></div> - <div><i>dog in her lap.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Greenhill.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<p class='drop-capa0_3_0_675 c021'>THIS lady is supposed to be Ursula, wife of Sir John -Bridgeman.</p> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_253'>253</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 18. FRANCIS NEWPORT, AFTERWARDS EARL OF BRADFORD.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Brown dress. Long hair. Lace cravat.</i></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Sir Godfrey Kneller.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 19. GEORGE FORESTER, ESQUIRE.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Hunting dress. Fox’s brush upon table.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1762, DIED 1811.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='c015'> - <img class='drop-capi' src='images/dc-h.jpg' width='100' alt='' /> -</div><p class='drop-capi1_1'> -HE was the son of Brook Forester, Esquire, -by Elizabeth, daughter and heir of George -Weld, Esquire of Willey Park, County Salop. -George Forester never married, but left his -fortune and estates to his cousin, Cecil Weld -Forester, who was raised to the peerage as -Baron Forester.</p> -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 20. PORTRAIT OF A GENTLEMAN. UNKNOWN.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Red dress. Lace cravat. Short white wig.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<div> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_254'>254</span> - <h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 21. JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER.</h3> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Surplice and college cap. Arms of the See of Chester impaling</i></div> - <div><i>Bridgeman in a shield above.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>BORN 1577, DIED 1652.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By Van Somers.</span></div> - </div> -</div> - -<hr class='c013' /> -<h3 class='c014'><i>No.</i> 22. COLONEL KINNEAR.</h3> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c000'> - <div><i>Blue coat. Powder.</i></div> - <div class='c000'>DIED 1780.</div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>By F. Cotes.</span></div> - <div class='c000'><span class='sc'>He</span> was Colonel of the 50th Regiment of Foot.</div> - </div> -</div> - -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='chapter'> - <span class='pageno' id='Page_255'>255</span> - <h2 class='c012'>INDEX OF PORTRAITS.</h2> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id005'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_256'>256</span> -<img src='images/i256.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c003' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_257'>257</span> -<img src='images/i501.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> - -<div class='nf-center-c0'> -<div class='nf-center c003'> - <div><span class='xlarge'>INDEX OF PORTRAITS.</span></div> - <div class='c001'>──────</div> - <div class='c001'><i>The Page marked in black figures gives the Biographical Notice.</i></div> - </div> -</div> - -<ul class='index'> - <li class='c031'>ARUNDEL AND SURREY, EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_124'>124</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>BATH, HON. ISABELLA BYNG, MARCHIONESS OF, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>BAVARIA, PRINCESS OF (MARIA CHRISTINA), <b><a href='#Page_214'>214</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>BEDFORD, FRANCIS RUSSELL, FOURTH EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_44'>44</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... WILLIAM, FIRST DUKE OF, <b><a href='#Page_66'>66</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>BOLEYN, QUEEN ANN, <a href='#Page_108'>108</a></li> - <li class='c031'>BRADFORD, LADY ELIZABETH, <b><a href='#Page_207'>207</a></b>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... FRANCIS NEWPORT, FIRST EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_183'>183</a></b>, <a href='#Page_197'>197</a>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_258'>258</span>BRADFORD, GEORGE AUGUSTUS F. H. BRIDGEMAN, SECOND EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_202'>202</a></b>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... GEORGINA MONCREIFFE, WIFE OF SECOND EARL OF, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE TWO ELDEST CHILDREN OF THE SECOND EARL, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... HENRY NEWPORT, THIRD EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_178'>178</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... HENRY BRIDGEMAN, FIRST LORD, <b><a href='#Page_208'>208</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... ... AND FAMILY, <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, <a href='#Page_188'>188</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... LUCY BYNG, DOWAGER COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_208'>208</a></b>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... MARY, COUNTESS OF, <a href='#Page_168'>168</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ORLANDO BRIDGEMAN, FIRST EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_109'>109</a></b>, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, THIRD EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_119'>119</a></b>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL, <b><a href='#Page_232'>232</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... RICHARD NEWPORT, SECOND EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_169'>169</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... SELINA LOUISA, COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_103'>103</a></b>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a></li> - <li class='c031'>BRIDGEMAN, LADY ANNE, <b><a href='#Page_180'>180</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... CHARLES, THE HONOURABLE CAPTAIN, R.N., <b><a href='#Page_102'>102</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... CHARLOTTE, <b><a href='#Page_190'>190</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_259'>259</span>BRIDGEMAN, DIANA, <b><a href='#Page_243'>243</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ELIZABETH, WIFE OF BISHOP JOHN, <b><a href='#Page_189'>189</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ELIZABETH, HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_189'>189</a></b>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... FRANCIS, HONOURABLE, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... GEORGE, ESQUIRE, <b><a href='#Page_117'>117</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... GEORGE, HONOURABLE AND REVEREND, <b><a href='#Page_111'>111</a></b>, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... GERALD, THE HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_232'>232</a></b>, <a href='#Page_240'>240</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... HENRY, THE HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_212'>212</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... JOHN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, <b><a href='#Page_175'>175</a></b>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... SIR JOHN, SECOND BARONET, <b><a href='#Page_182'>182</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... THIRD BARONET, <b><a href='#Page_187'>187</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LUCY, LADY, <b><a href='#Page_224'>224</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... MABEL, LADY, <b><a href='#Page_233'>233</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADIES MABEL AND FLORENCE, <b><a href='#Page_240'>240</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... SIR ORLANDO, LORD KEEPER, <a href='#Page_18'>18</a>, <b><a href='#Page_170'>170</a></b>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ORLANDO, ESQUIRE, <b><a href='#Page_190'>190</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... <span class='sc'>Afterwards First Earl of Bradford</span>, <b><a href='#Page_109'>109</a></b>, <a href='#Page_213'>213</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... THE HON. AND WIFE, <span class='sc'>Afterwards First Earl and Countess</span>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... FOURTH BARONET, <b><a href='#Page_177'>177</a></b>, <a href='#Page_250'>250</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... THE HONOURABLE, <span class='fss'>GRENADIER GUARDS</span>, <b><a href='#Page_101'>101</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_260'>260</span>BRIDGEMAN, ORLANDO G. C., THE HON., AS A CHILD, <span class='sc'>Afterwards Third Earl of Bradford</span>, <b><a href='#Page_119'>119</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD, <b><a href='#Page_232'>232</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... URSULA, WIFE OF SIR JOHN, THIRD BARONET, (<i>Qu.</i>), <a href='#Page_252'>252</a></li> - <li class='c031'>BUONAPARTE, NAPOLEON, EMPEROR OF FRANCE, <a href='#Page_107'>107</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>BYNG, HONOURABLE LUCY, <b><a href='#Page_208'>208</a></b>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a>, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... GEORGE, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... HONOURABLE GEORGIANA, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a></li> - <li class='c031'>CAREW, SIR NICHOLAS, <b><a href='#Page_138'>138</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>CARLISLE, COUNTESS OF, AND NIECE, <b><a href='#Page_123'>123</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>CHARLES THE FIRST, KING, <b><a href='#Page_130'>130</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>CHAPPELOW, REVEREND LEONARD, <b><a href='#Page_213'>213</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... WHEN A YOUTH, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> - <li class='c031'>CHESTER, JOHN BRIDGEMAN, BISHOP OF CHESTER, <b><a href='#Page_175'>175</a></b>, <a href='#Page_254'>254</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... ELIZABETH, WIFE OF, <b><a href='#Page_189'>189</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>CHESTERFIELD, COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_240'>240</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>CONYNGHAM, LORD ALBERT, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY ALBERT, FIRST WIFE, <b><a href='#Page_237'>237</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... ... SECOND WIFE, <a href='#Page_231'>231</a></li> - <li class='c031'>CORK AND ORRERY, JOHN BOYLE, FIFTH, EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_224'>224</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_261'>261</span>DALHOUSIE, MARQUESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_203'>203</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>DAVIES, MISTRESS MARY, <b><a href='#Page_245'>245</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>DERBY, EDWARD STANLEY, FOURTEENTH EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_110'>110</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>DIGBY, SIR KENELM, <b><a href='#Page_141'>141</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>DORMER, LADY ISABELLA, <b><a href='#Page_95'>95</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>DYSART, LIONEL TOLLEMACHE, SECOND EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_191'>191</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_167'>167</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>ESSEX, THOMAS CROMWELL, EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_155'>155</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>FEILDING, LADY DIANA, <b><a href='#Page_96'>96</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>FORESTER, GEORGE, ESQUIRE, <b><a href='#Page_253'>253</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LORD, <a href='#Page_238'>238</a></li> - <li class='c031'>GEORGE THE SECOND, KING OF ENGLAND, <b><a href='#Page_109'>109</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE FOURTH, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>GERMANY, WILLIAM THE FIRST, EMPEROR OF, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> - <li class='c031'>GORING, COLONEL, AFTERWARDS LORD, <b><a href='#Page_80'>80</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>GROTIUS, HUGO, <b><a href='#Page_19'>19</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>GUNNING, HON. MRS., <b><a href='#Page_189'>189</a></b>, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... SIR GEORGE, <b><a href='#Page_114'>114</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>GWYNNE, NELL, <b><a href='#Page_250'>250</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>HAMET BEN HAMET, <a href='#Page_208'>208</a></li> - <li class='c031'>HARVEY, DR., <b><a href='#Page_57'>57</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_262'>262</span>HERBERT, HENRY, FOURTH LORD OF RIPSFORD, <b><a href='#Page_181'>181</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... MISTRESS, <b><a href='#Page_153'>153</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, FIRST EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_195'>195</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>JOSEPHINE, EMPRESS OF FRANCE, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> - <li class='c001'>KILLIGREW, SIR THOMAS, <b><a href='#Page_148'>148</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY, <b><a href='#Page_163'>163</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>KINGSTON, COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_211'>211</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>KINNEAR, COLONEL, <b><a href='#Page_254'>254</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>LEWIS, HENRY GRESWOLD, <b><a href='#Page_111'>111</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>LIVERPOOL, ROBERT JENKINSON, SECOND EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_104'>104</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>LOWTHER, SIR WILLIAM, <b><a href='#Page_114'>114</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>LYNEDOCH, LORD, <b><a href='#Page_201'>201</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>MAURICE, PRINCE, <b><a href='#Page_75'>75</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>MONCREIFFE, SIR THOMAS, AND SISTER, <b><a href='#Page_209'>209</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... GEORGINA, WIFE OF THE SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>MORTIMER, CAPTAIN, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a></li> - <li class='c031'>MYDDLETON, SIR THOMAS, <b><a href='#Page_71'>71</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY, <b><a href='#Page_244'>244</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>NEWPORT, ANDREW, THE HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_36'>36</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY MARY, <b><a href='#Page_244'>244</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_263'>263</span>NEWPORT, RICHARD, SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, <b><a href='#Page_169'>169</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... VISCOUNT, GEORGE A. BRIDGEMAN, AFTERWARDS SECOND EARL OF BRADFORD, <b><a href='#Page_202'>202</a></b>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... VISCOUNTESS, HIS WIFE GEORGINA, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... VISCOUNT, ORLANDO GEORGE CHARLES BRIDGEMAN, AFTERWARDS THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD, <b><a href='#Page_119'>119</a></b>, <a href='#Page_204'>204</a>, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a>, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE THIRD EARL AND HIS WIFE, <a href='#Page_216'>216</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... THE THREE SONS OF THE THIRD EARL, <b><a href='#Page_232'>232</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... VISCOUNT, SON OF THIRD EARL OF BRADFORD, <b><a href='#Page_232'>232</a></b>, <a href='#Page_233'>233</a></li> - <li class='c001'>OXFORD, COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_141'>141</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>PAYNE, CAPTAIN JOHN WILLETT, <b><a href='#Page_118'>118</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>PELHAM, THE HONOURABLE MRS., <a href='#Page_226'>226</a></li> - <li class='c031'>PORTRAITS UNKNOWN, ETC., <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='#Page_243'>243</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>.</li> - <li class='c001'>QUEEN VICTORIA, <a href='#Page_109'>109</a>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_217'>217</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... INVESTITURE OF THE SULTAN, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCE OF WALES, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a></li> - <li class='c001'>RAMSAY, GENERAL THE HON. JAMES, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_264'>264</span>RICHARD THE THIRD, KING (<i>Qu.</i>), <a href='#Page_104'>104</a></li> - <li class='c031'>RUPERT, PRINCE, <b><a href='#Page_83'>83</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>RUSSELL, LADY DIANA, <b><a href='#Page_91'>91</a></b>, <a href='#Page_123'>123</a></li> - <li class='c031'>... DIANA, LADY RUSSELL, YOUNGEST DAUGHTER OF THE THIRD EARL OF BEDFORD, <b><a href='#Page_97'>97</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... EDWARD, THE HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_65'>65</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... FRANCIS, THE HONOURABLE, <b><a href='#Page_72'>72</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... JOHN, THE HONOURABLE, COLONEL, <b><a href='#Page_43'>43</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LORD JOHN, <b><a href='#Page_211'>211</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY JOHN, <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, <b><a href='#Page_225'>225</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY RACHEL, <b><a href='#Page_3'>3</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LORD ROBERT, <b><a href='#Page_18'>18</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY ROBERT, <b><a href='#Page_17'>17</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LORD WILLIAM, <b><a href='#Page_48'>48</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>RUSSIA, ALEXANDER II., CZAR OF, <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> - <li class='c031'>RUTLAND, MARY ISABELLA, DUCHESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_239'>239</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>SALTREN, MRS., <a href='#Page_222'>222</a></li> - <li class='c031'>SCOTS, MARY QUEEN OF, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a>, <a href='#Page_244'>244</a></li> - <li class='c031'>SCOTT, MRS., <a href='#Page_224'>224</a></li> - <li class='c031'>SEYMOUR, LORD HUGH, VICE-ADMIRAL, <b><a href='#Page_115'>115</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>SIMPSON, HONOURABLE JOHN BRIDGEMAN, <b><a href='#Page_113'>113</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... HONOURABLE MRS., <b><a href='#Page_209'>209</a></b>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a></li> - <li class='c031'>SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (PROTECTOR), <b><a href='#Page_131'>131</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_265'>265</span>SOUTHAMPTON, THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, EARL OF, <b><a href='#Page_78'>78</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>STRAFFORD, EARL OF, AND HIS SECRETARY, <b><a href='#Page_37'>37</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>SUFFIELD, CHARLOTTE, LADY, <b><a href='#Page_233'>233</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>SUNDERLAND, DOROTHY, COUNTESS OF, <b><a href='#Page_125'>125</a></b></li> - <li class='c001'>TIGHE, MRS. HENRY, <a href='#Page_228'>228</a></li> - <li class='c031'>TORRINGTON, GEORGE BYNG, FOURTH VISCOUNT, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a>, <b><a href='#Page_249'>249</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... VISCOUNTESS, <b><a href='#Page_191'>191</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>TURENNE, MARSHAL, <b><a href='#Page_197'>197</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>TURKEY, SULTAN OF, INVESTITURE OF, <a href='#Page_237'>237</a></li> - <li class='c001'>UNKNOWN PORTRAITS, ETC., <a href='#Page_97'>97</a>, <a href='#Page_104'>104</a>, <a href='#Page_130'>130</a>, <a href='#Page_133'>133</a>, <a href='#Page_134'>134</a>, <a href='#Page_138'>138</a>, <a href='#Page_140'>140</a>, <a href='#Page_141'>141</a>, <a href='#Page_192'>192</a>, <a href='#Page_201'>201</a>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a>, <a href='#Page_224'>224</a>, 243 <a href='#Page_244'>244</a>, <a href='#Page_245'>245</a>, <a href='#Page_249'>249</a>, <a href='#Page_252'>252</a>, <a href='#Page_253'>253</a>.</li> - <li class='c001'>VANDERNERCK, <a href='#Page_225'>225</a></li> - <li class='c031'>VANDYCK, ANTHONY, <b><a href='#Page_134'>134</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>VILLIERS, LADIES SARAH AND CLEMENTINA, <a href='#Page_232'>232</a></li> - <li class='c001'>WALES, PRINCE OF, MARRIAGE OF, <a href='#Page_239'>239</a></li> - <li class='c031'>WELLINGTON, DUKE OF, <b><a href='#Page_204'>204</a></b>, <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, <a href='#Page_227'>227</a></li> - <li class='c031'>WEST, COLONEL, <b><a href='#Page_78'>78</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>WHITMORE, LADY LUCY, <b><a href='#Page_225'>225</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'><span class='pageno' id='Page_266'>266</span>WILBRAHAM, SIR THOMAS, <b><a href='#Page_186'>186</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>... LADY, <b><a href='#Page_186'>186</a></b></li> - <li class='c031'>WORSLEY, MISS, <b><a href='#Page_209'>209</a></b>, <a href='#Page_221'>221</a></li> - <li class='c001'>YATES, MARY, <a href='#Page_207'>207</a></li> -</ul> -<hr class='c032' /> -<div class='chapter'> - <h2 class='c012'>ERRATA.</h2> -</div> -<p class='c033'>Page <a href='#Page_43'>43</a>, line 6, <i>for</i> youngest <i>read</i> third.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_57'>57</a>, line 14, after Riley put (?).</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_71'>71</a>, last line, <i>for</i> Woodney <i>read</i> Woodhey.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_103'>103</a>, line 3, <i>for</i> Elizabeth Anne, <i>read</i> Eliza Caroline.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_117'>117</a>, line 4, <i>dele</i> (?).</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_170'>170</a>, line 5, <i>for</i> Riley <i>read</i> Sir Peter Lely.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_175'>175</a>, line 6, <i>for</i> Born 1575, Died 1657-8. - <i>read</i> Born 1577, Died 1652.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_208'>208</a>, line 4, <i>for</i> only <i>read</i> eldest surviving.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_210'>210</a>, line 6, <i>dele</i> the words ‘for the Earl of Bradford.’</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_222'>222</a>, line 7 from foot, <i>for</i> Salken <i>read</i> Saltren.</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_223'>223</a>, line 11, <i>for</i> ‘<i>née</i> Seymour’ <i>read</i> ‘<i>née</i> Davies, niece of - Mr. Seymour,’</p> -<p class='c034'> " <a href='#Page_226'>226</a>, line 2, <i>for</i> two <i>read</i> five.</p> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c000' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id002'> -<span class='pageno' id='Page_267'>267</span> -<img src='images/i267.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -<div class='ic002'> -<p>REST PRAY SLEEP</p> -</div> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<div class='figcenter id006'> -<img src='images/back-cover.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' /> -</div> -<div class='pbb'> - <hr class='pb c001' /> -</div> -<p class='c016'> </p> -<div class='tnbox'> - - <ul class='ul_1 c001'> - <li>Transcriber’s Notes: - <ul class='ul_2'> - <li>Inconsistent formatting of portrait descriptions was regularized. - </li> - <li>Missing or obscured punctuation was silently corrected. - </li> - <li>Typographical errors were silently corrected. - </li> - <li>Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation were made consistent only when a predominant - form was found in this book. - </li> - </ul> - </li> - </ul> - -</div> -<p class='c016'> </p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BIOGRAPHICAL CATALOGUE OF THE PORTRAITS AT WESTON, THE SEAT OF THE EARL OF BRADFORD ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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