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diff --git a/old/65543-h/65543-h.htm b/old/65543-h/65543-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index 202774c..0000000 --- a/old/65543-h/65543-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3095 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> - <title> - Chambers’s Journal, by Various—A Project Gutenberg eBook - </title> - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> - <style type="text/css"> - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - - h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { - text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ - clear: both; -} - -.ph3{ - text-align: center; - font-size: large; - font-weight: bold; -} - -p { - margin-top: .51em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .49em; -} - -hr { - width: 33%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - margin-left: 33.5%; - margin-right: 33.5%; - clear: both; -} - -hr.tb {width: 45%; margin-left: 27.5%; margin-right: 27.5%;} -hr.chap {width: 65%; margin-left: 17.5%; margin-right: 17.5%;} -@media print { hr.chap {display: none; visibility: hidden;} } -hr.full {width: 95%; margin-left: 2.5%; margin-right: 2.5%;} - - -.header {text-align: center; margin-top: 0;} -.header p {text-align: center; text-indent: 0;} -.header .floatl {float: left;} -.header .floatr {float: right;} -.header .floatc {padding-top: .5em;} - -@media handheld -{ -.header {text-align: center; margin-top: 0;} -.header p {text-align: center; text-indent: 0;} -.header .floatl {float: left;} -.header .floatr {float: right;} -.header .floatc {padding-top: .5em;} -} - - -div.chapter {page-break-before: always;} -h2.nobreak {page-break-before: avoid;} - -.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ - /* visibility: hidden; */ - position: absolute; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: normal; - font-variant: normal; -} /* page numbers */ - -.center {text-align: center;} - -.right {text-align: right;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - -.allsmcap {font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;} - -/* Images */ - -img { - max-width: 100%; - height: auto; -} -img.w100 {width: 100%;} - - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%; -} - -/* Footnotes */ -.footnotes {border: 1px dashed;} - -.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} - -.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - -/* Poetry */ -.poetry-container {text-align: center;} -.poetry {text-align: left; margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%;} -/* uncomment the next line for centered poetry in browsers */ - .poetry {display: inline-block;} -.poetry .stanza {margin: 1em auto;} -.poetry .verse {text-indent: -3em; padding-left: 3em;} -/* large inline blocks don't split well on paged devices */ -@media print { .poetry {display: block;} } -.x-ebookmaker .poetry {display: block;} - -/* Poetry indents */ -.poetry .indent0 {text-indent: -3em;} -.poetry .indent2 {text-indent: -2em;} - - - </style> - </head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 16, Vol. I, April 19, 1884, by Various</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Chambers's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, and Art, Fifth Series, No. 16, Vol. I, April 19, 1884</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Editor: Various</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: June 7, 2021 [eBook #65543]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Susan Skinner, Eric Hutton and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAMBERS'S JOURNAL OF POPULAR LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND ART, FIFTH SERIES, NO. 16, VOL. I, APRIL 19, 1884 ***</div> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_241">{241}</span></p> - -<h1>CHAMBERS’S JOURNAL<br /> -OF<br /> -POPULAR<br /> -LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND ART.</h1> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak">CONTENTS</h2> -</div> - -<p class='center'> - - - -<!-- Autogenerated TOC. Modify or delete as required. --> - -<a href="#SUDDEN_FORTUNES">SUDDEN FORTUNES.</a><br /> -<a href="#BY_MEAD_AND_STREAM">BY MEAD AND STREAM.</a><br /> -<a href="#THE_HOMING_PIGEON">THE HOMING PIGEON.</a><br /> -<a href="#A_WITNESS_FOR_THE_DEFENCE">A WITNESS FOR THE DEFENCE.</a><br /> -<a href="#COIN_TREASURES">COIN TREASURES.</a><br /> -<a href="#MY_FELLOW-PASSENGER">MY FELLOW-PASSENGER.</a><br /> -<a href="#A_SKATING_REGIMENT">A SKATING REGIMENT.</a><br /> -<a href="#ECHOES">ECHOES.</a><br /> - -<!-- End Autogenerated TOC. --> - -</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<div class="figcenter w100" id="header" style="max-width: 43.75em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/header.jpg" alt="Chambers’s Journal of Popular Literature, Science, -and Art. Fifth Series. Established by William and Robert Chambers, 1832. Conducted by R. Chambers (Secundus)." /> -</div> - - -<hr class="full" /> -<div class="center"> -<div class="header"> -<p class="floatl"><span class="smcap">No. 16.—Vol. I.</span></p> -<p class="floatr"><span class="smcap">Price</span> 1½<em>d.</em></p> -<p class="floatc">SATURDAY, APRIL 19, 1884.</p> -</div></div></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="SUDDEN_FORTUNES">SUDDEN FORTUNES.</h2> -</div> - - -<p><span class="smcap">Few</span> things are so fascinating to read as stories -of fortunes suddenly made. They lend to the -adventures of miners in gold or diamond fields -an interest possessed by enterprises of no other -kind; they also impart a most seductive glamour -to accounts published in continental newspapers -of prize-winners in big lotteries. When the -French annual state lotteries were abolished in -1837, a writer of some distinction, M. Alphonse -Karr, protested energetically against what he -called a hardship for the poor. His defence -was curious. ‘For five sous,’ he said, ‘the most -miserable of beings may purchase the chance -of becoming a millionaire; by suppressing this -chance, you take away the ray of hope from -the poor man’s life.’</p> - -<p>Almost any man can relate from his own -experience tales of suddenly acquired wealth; -and by this we do not mean the riches that -may be inherited through the death of a -relative, or those which are won by speculation. -The professed money-hunter who succeeds -on ’Change is like the sportsman who brings -home a good bag—his spoils, though they may -be large, are not unexpected. But there is the -man who goes out without any thought of -sport, and returns with a plump bird that has -dropped into his hands; or the man who, -wandering on the seashore, picks up a pearl. It -is with persons of this description that we may -compare those lucky individuals who, awaiting -nothing from fortune, are suddenly overwhelmed -by her favours. A few examples of such luck -may induce the reader who sees no signs of -wealth on his path just yet, never to despair.</p> - -<p>At the beginning of 1870, the Hôtel des -Réservoirs at Versailles was for sale. It was the -largest hotel in the city; but as Versailles had -become a sleepy place, almost deserted in winter, -and only frequented in summer by casual tourists -and Sunday excursionists, the landlord had -scarcely been able to pay his way. The hotel -was disposed of in January for a very low figure, -and the new proprietor entered upon his tenancy -on the first of April. He soon repented of his -bargain. The season of 1870 brought fewer -excursionists than usual; and when, in the middle -of July, war was declared against Germany, all -the landlord’s chances of recouping himself during -the months when foreign tourists abound, seemed -gone, so that he had serious thoughts of reselling -the house. Within eight weeks, the whole of his -prospects were altered. The French were defeated, -Paris was invested, Versailles became the headquarters -of the invading armies, and suddenly -the Hôtel des Réservoirs entered upon a period -of such prosperity as doubtless could not be -matched by the records of any other hostelry. -From the middle of September till the following -February it was the lodging-place of Grand -Dukes and Princes, as many as it would hold; -whilst its dining-rooms were resorted to by all -the wealthiest officers in the German forces. As -the siege operations kept troops in movement -at all hours, meals were served at every time of -the day and night. Three relays of cooks and -as many of waiters had to be hired; and the -consumption of wines, spirits, and liqueurs beggars -all reckoning. Princes and rich officers going -into action or returning from victory are naturally -free with their money; every triumph of German -arms was a pretext for banquets and toasts. In -fact, from the 1st of October to the date when -the occupation of the city ceased—a period of -about one hundred and thirty days—the average -number of champagne bottles uncorked every -day exceeded five hundred! As the Prussians -held Rheims, the landlord was enabled to renew -his stock of champagne as often as was necessary; -but he could not renew his stock of Bordeaux—the -Bordelais being in French hands, so that -towards the end of the war he was selling his -clarets at fancy prices.</p> - -<p>The Germans marched away in February; -but still the Hôtel des Réservoirs’ marvellous -run of luck continued. In March the Communist -insurrection broke out; the National -Assembly transferred its sittings to Versailles,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_242">{242}</span> -which was proclaimed the political capital of -France; and during the second siege of Paris -the hotel was crowded with ministers, foreign -ambassadors, deputies, and other persons of -note. The result of all this and of the steady -custom which the hotel received so long as -Versailles remained the seat of government, was -that the landlord, who was at the point of ruin -in 1870, retired in 1875 worth one hundred and -twenty thousand pounds, after selling the hotel -for three times what he had paid for it. We may -add that in 1870 other very fine hauls of money -were made by hotel-keepers in cities which the -German armies occupied, and at Tours and -Bordeaux, which were successively the seats of -the French Government of National Defence.</p> - -<p>But it will be objected that such fortunes as -war, revolutions, and other great commotions -bring to the few, in compensation for the ruin -which they scatter among the many, are not to -be met with in lands enjoying profound peace -like England. Well, there are local convulsions -too in England. An obscure village becomes the -scene of a murder or a railway accident; an -inquest is held; reporters are sent down from -London; idlers by the trainful come to view -the spot where the mishap occurred; and the -village public-house, which had been doing a -poor business, all at once finds itself taking gold -and silver like a first-class London <i>buffet</i>. Such -things happen pretty often; indeed, Fortune now -and then knocks at houses whose inmates, from -sheer bewilderment or stupidity, do not know -how to take advantage of her unexpected visit. -We have the recollection of a publican in a village -on the Great Western line who positively spurned -a chance of handsome gains thrown into his way -by a snowstorm. An express train had got -snowed up in the night; with infinite difficulty, -by reason of the darkness, the passengers crawled -out, and made across the fields for a public-house -about a mile distant; but on arriving there, they -met with anything but a hospitable reception. -The landlord had been roused from sleep; he -could not serve drink, he said, because it was -past hours; he had no spare-room for travellers; -there was only one ounce of tea in his -house; and so forth. In the end, most of the -benighted party found a refuge at the vicarage. -Had the landlord been a more astute fellow, he -might have secured some valuable patrons that -night, for there were wealthy people among the -passengers; and two of them had to linger for -more than a week in the village, having fallen -ill.</p> - -<p>Let us now leave publicans, and come to stories -of sudden professional advancement. All young -doctors know what uphill work it sometimes is -to establish a practice. Years will often elapse -before a doctor gets any return for the money -which his friends invested in obtaining his -diploma. On the other hand, a single fortunate -case may bring patients by the score. About -twenty years ago, a young doctor who had been -established three years in London without making -an income, lost heart, and determined to emigrate -to Australia. He sold his small house and -furniture, paid his passage-money, and a week -before his ship was to sail, went into the country -to say good-bye to his parents. Having to change -trains at a junction, he was waiting on the -platform, when a groom in a smart livery -galloped up to the station, and calling excitedly -to a porter, handed him a telegraphic message -for transmission. From some remarks exchanged -between the two men, the young doctor understood -that the Duke of ——, a member of the -Cabinet, had fallen dangerously ill, and that an -eminent physician in London was being telegraphed -for. The groom added that he had -ridden to the houses of three local doctors, who -had all been absent, and that ‘Her Grace was -in a terrible way.’</p> - -<p>The young doctor saw his opportunity, and at -once seized it. ‘I am a medical man,’ he said -to the groom; ‘and I will go to the Hall to offer -my assistance till another doctor arrives.’</p> - -<p>The groom was evidently attached to his -master, for he said: ‘Jump on my horse, sir, -and ride straight down the road for about four -miles; you can’t miss the Hall; any one will -tell you where it is.’</p> - -<p>The doctor went, was gratefully received by -the Duchess, and happened to be just in time -to stop a mistake in treatment of the patient, -which might have proved fatal if continued for -a few hours longer. The Duke was suffering -from typhoid fever; and when the eminent -physician arrived from town, he declared that -the young doctor’s management of the case -had been perfect. The result of this was, that -the latter was requested to remain at the Hall -to take charge of the patient; and his name -figured on the bulletins which were issued during -the next fortnight, and were printed in all the -daily newspapers of the kingdom. Such an -advertisement is always the making of a medical -man, especially when his patient recovers, as the -Duke did. Our penniless friend received a fee -of five hundred guineas; took a house at the -West End, and from that time to this has been -at the head of one of the largest practices in -London.</p> - -<p>Curiously enough, his sudden rise was indirectly -the means of bringing another needy young -doctor to great fortune. Having abandoned his -emigration scheme, our friend had made a present -of his ticket to a former fellow-student of his, a -shiftless sort of young man, who was loafing about -town, with no regular work or prospects. This -ne’er-do-weel had never thought of leaving the -mother-country, and he accepted the ticket rather -with the idea of making a pleasant voyage gratis -than of settling at the antipodes. But on the -way out, an epidemic of smallpox occurred among -the passengers; the ship’s surgeon died; and the -emigrant doctor, stepping into his place, displayed -such skill and devotion that he won golden -opinions from all on board. As often happens -with men of good grit, the sudden call to noble -work and great responsibilities completely altered -his character, and he became thenceforth a steady -fellow. On landing at Sydney, he was presented -with a handsome cheque by the agents of the -Steamship Company for his services, and soon -afterwards was, on their recommendation, appointed -physician to the quarantine depôt. This -position put him in the way of forming a first-rate -private practice and of winning municipal honours. -He is now one of the most prosperous men in -the colony, and a member of the colonial legislature.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_243">{243}</span></p> - -<p>Talking of sea-voyages reminds us of a barrister -who has owed professional success to the mere -lucky, or let us say providential, hazard which -sent him out on a trip to China. Having lived -three or four years in chambers without getting -a brief, he was almost destitute, when a friend -of his who was in the tea-trade offered him a free -passage to Shanghai and back on condition of his -transacting some piece of business there. On the -passage out, the barrister had many conversations -with the captain, who chanced to have lately given -evidence at Westminster in a lawsuit which was -of great importance to the shipping interest. But -he had been disgusted with the ‘stupidity,’ as he -called it, of the judge and counsel in the case, -when talking of maritime and commercial customs; -and he exclaimed: ‘Why don’t some of -those lawyers who mean to speak in shipping -cases, study our ways a little?’ These words -struck the young barrister, who, after thinking -the matter over for a few days, resolved to live -at sea for a while.</p> - -<p>On his return to England, he sought for a -situation as purser or secretary on board one of -the great ocean steamers, and in this capacity -made several trips. Then he successively tried -expeditions on board whalers, vessels engaged in -the cod and herring fisheries, &c.; in fact, he led -a sailor’s life for rather more than three years, -picking up a full acquaintance with the manners, -customs, grievances, and wants of those who had -their business in the great waters. On going back -to the bar, he almost at once got briefs in the -Admiralty Court; and becoming known to solicitors -as an expert on shipping questions, his -professional fortune was made.</p> - -<p>We might quote several cases similar to this -one where special knowledge, sometimes acquired -by accident, has put men in the way of getting -highly honourable and well-paid positions on the -newspaper press. A gentleman who is now a -distinguished leader-writer on one of the London -dailies, got his situation in consequence of having -broken his leg while travelling in Germany. He -was laid up for months in lodgings, and there -became intimate with a Russian refugee, who -taught him the Russian language and instructed -him thoroughly in Muscovite politics. This -occurred at the beginning of the Eastern imbroglio -in 1876; and when the patient was getting better, -he sent to a London paper a series of letters which -exhibited such a familiarity with Russian affairs, -that they attracted general notice. He was soon -asked to go to St Petersburg as special correspondent; -and from that date all things prospered -with him. At the time when he broke his leg, -he was about to accept a clerkship in a merchant’s -office, where he would have had small chance -of making any figure in the world.</p> - -<p>But we fancy we can hear people exclaim -that talent well directed is pretty sure to make -a man’s fortune, so that it is never surprising -to hear of clever men growing rich. True; -but nevertheless there are chances for those -who are <i>not</i> clever. We have heard of a -man who had two thousand pounds a year -left him because he was civil to an infirm -old lady in church, finding the hymns for her, -setting her hassock, &c. He did not know her -name; but she took care to ascertain his, and -when she died, he found that she had bequeathed -to him the bulk of her property ‘as a reward for -his patient kindness.’ A clergyman of our -acquaintance obtained a living of good value from -a baronet in Norfolk for no other reason than -that he was the only curate within ten miles -round who had not applied for it when it fell -vacant. And another clergyman whom we know -got a still better living for having refused preferment -offered to him under circumstances derogatory -to his dignity. He was a fair singer; and -a vulgar plutocrat who had invited him to dinner -promised to give him a living if he would sing -a comic song at dessert. The quiet rebuke which -the young clergyman administered made the -plutocrat ashamed of himself, so that the next -day he proffered the living with a letter of -apology; but the living was refused, the clergyman -stating that it would be impossible for him to -forget the circumstances under which it was first -tendered. This was the more honourable, as the -clergyman was very badly off. Another patron, -hearing of what he had done, appointed him to a -benefice, as a testimony of his admiration.</p> - -<p>We may conclude with a story of a man who -was suddenly made rich because of his great -stupidity. He was the only dull man in a bright-witted -family, and going to dine with a wealthy -relative who had a horror of fools, he made so -many silly remarks, that the old man cried in -exasperation: ‘I must do something for you, -for you’ll never do anything for yourself. If I -don’t make a rich man of you, you’ll become a -laughing-stock to the world and a disgrace to your -family.’</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak x-ebookmaker-important" id="BY_MEAD_AND_STREAM">BY MEAD AND STREAM.</h2> -</div> - - -<h3>CHAPTER XXIV.—THE WORK.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Philip</span> spoke lightly to Madge about the -‘chambers in town;’ but he was not quite satisfied -with the arrangement, when she told him -frankly that she did not like it. He confessed -that the idea pleased him chiefly because it -would give him a sense of independence, which -he could never experience so long as he remained -at Ringsford and the family continued to be in -the same mood as at present. Very little had -been said to him there, beyond a few expressions -of curiosity on the part of the girls, and a cunning -question from Coutts as to what guarantee Uncle -Shield could give for the wealth he professed to -possess.</p> - -<p>‘The amount he promised to place at my -disposal is in the bank,’ Philip answered; ‘and -that, I fancy, would be sufficient, Coutts, to satisfy -even you.’</p> - -<p>Coutts nodded, was silent, and began privately -to speculate on the possibility of ingratiating -himself with this mysterious relative, who seemed -to have discovered the mines of Golconda.</p> - -<p>Nothing more was said. Mr Hadleigh enjoined -silence on the subject until he should please to -speak; and he had done so with a sternness -which effectually checked the tongue even of -Miss Hadleigh, who, being ‘engaged,’ felt herself -in some measure released from parental authority.</p> - -<p>The consequence was that there had grown -up a feeling of constraint, which was exceedingly -irksome to the frank, loving nature of Philip;<span class="pagenum" id="Page_244">{244}</span> -and yet he could not divine how he was to -overcome it. He could not tell whether this -feeling was due to his own anxiety to reconcile -two opposing elements, or to the unspoken irritation -of the family with him for having leagued -himself with their enemy. It never occurred to -him that any one of them could be jealous of -his good fortune.</p> - -<p>However, this new arrangement seemed to offer -an opportunity for making the position clear. -Standing apart from the influence of his family, -he would be able to consider all the circumstances -of his position with more calmness and -impartiality than would be otherwise possible.</p> - -<p>At the same time, he was a good deal perplexed -by the conduct of Mr Shield, and was gradually -beginning to feel something like vexation at it. -There was the difficulty of seeing him, and then -the impossibility of getting him to discuss anything -when he did see him. Mr Shield was still -at the <i>Langham</i>; and if Philip called without -having made an appointment, he was either sent -away with some excuse, which he knew to be -nothing more than an excuse, or there was a -great fuss of attendants entering and leaving the -room before he was admitted. On these occasions -Philip was conscious of an atmosphere of brandy-and-soda; -and several times his uncle had been -served with a glass of this potent mixture during -their interviews, brief as they were. It was to -this weakness Philip had been about to refer, -when speaking to Dame Crawshay, and to it he -was disposed to attribute much of his uncle’s -eccentricity of conduct.</p> - -<p>But he was always the same roughly good-natured -man, although short of speech and decided -in manner.</p> - -<p>‘Once for all,’ he said gruffly, when Philip -made a more strenuous effort than usual to induce -him to discuss the scheme he was elaborating; -‘I am not a good talker—see things clearer when -they are put down on paper for me. You do -that; and if there is anything that does not please -me, I’ll tell you fast enough in writing. Then -there can be no mistakes between us. Had -enough of mistakes in my time already.’</p> - -<p>And notwithstanding his peculiarly jerky mode -of expressing himself in talking, his letters were -invariably clear and to the point. They formed, -indeed, a bewildering contrast to the man as he -appeared personally, for they were the letters of -one who had clear vision and cool judgment. -But as yet Philip had not found any opportunity -to approach the subject of a reconciliation with -his father. He kept that object steadily in view, -however, and waited patiently for the right -moment in which to speak.</p> - -<p>Wrentham was well pleased that Mr Shield -should keep entirely in the background; it left -him the more freedom in action; and he was -delighted with his appointment as general manager -for Philip. His first transaction in that capacity -was to sublet his offices in Golden Alley to his -principal. This saved so much expense, and there -were the clerks and all the machinery ready for -conducting any business which might be entered -upon. Wrentham had agreeable visions of big -prizes to be won on the Stock Exchange. He -was confident that the whole theory of exchange -business was as simple as A B C to him; and -only the want of a little capital had prevented -him from making a large fortune long ago. His -chance had come at last.</p> - -<p>Here was this young man, who knew almost -nothing of business, but possessed capital which -he desired to employ. He, Martin Wrentham, -knew how to employ it to the best advantage. -What more simple, then? He should employ -the capital; instead of dabbling in hundreds, he -would be able to deal in thousands, and in no -time he would double the capital and make his -own fortune too!</p> - -<p>But when the time came for Philip to unfold -the project which he had been quietly maturing, -the sanguine and volatile Wrentham was for an -instant dumb with amazement, then peered -inquiringly into the face of the young capitalist, -as if seeking some symptoms of insanity, and -next laughed outright.</p> - -<p>‘That’s the best joke I have heard for a long -time,’ he exclaimed.</p> - -<p>‘Where is the joke?’ asked Philip, a little -surprised.</p> - -<p>‘You don’t mean to say that you are serious in -thinking of investing your capital in this way?’ -Wrentham’s hilarity disappeared as he spoke.</p> - -<p>‘Perfectly serious; and Mr Shield approves of -the idea.’</p> - -<p>‘But you will never make money out of it.’</p> - -<p>‘I do not know what you may mean by making -money; but unless the calculations which have -been supplied to me by practical men are utterly -wrong, I shall obtain a fair percentage on the -capital invested. I do not mean to do anything -foolish, for I consider the money as held in trust, -and will do what is in my power to make a good -use of it.’</p> - -<p>‘You want to drive Philanthropy and Business -in one team; but I never heard of them going -well in harness together.’</p> - -<p>‘I think they have done so, and may do so -again,’ said Philip cheerfully.</p> - -<p>‘You will be an exception to all the rules I -know anything about, if you manage to make -them go together. If you had five times the -capital you are starting with, you could make -nothing out of it.’</p> - -<p>‘I hope to make a great deal out of it, although -not exactly in the sense you mean.’</p> - -<p>Wrentham passed his hand through his hair, -as if he despaired of bringing his principal to -reason.</p> - -<p>‘What do you expect to make out of it?’</p> - -<p>‘First of all, beginning on our small scale, we -shall provide work for so many men. By the -system of paying for the work done, rather than -by wages whether the work is done or not, each -man will be able to earn the value of what he -can produce or cares to produce.’</p> - -<p>‘You will not find half-a-dozen men willing -to accept that arrangement.’</p> - -<p>‘We must make the most of those we do find. -When the advantages are made plain in practice, -others will come in fast enough.’</p> - -<p>‘The Unions will prevent them.’</p> - -<p>‘It is a kind of Union I am proposing to form—a -Union of capital and labour. Then, I propose -to divide amongst the men all profits above, -say, six or eight per cent. on the capital, in proportion -to the work each has done. I believe -we shall find plenty of workmen, who will understand -and appreciate the scheme.’</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_245">{245}</span></p> - -<p>Wrentham was resting his elbows on the table -and twisting a piece of paper between his fingers. -He had got over his first surprise. The one thing -he understood was, that Philip would hold obstinately -to this ridiculous ideal of a social revolution -until experience showed him how impracticable -it was. The one thing he did not understand -was, how Mr Shield had agreed to let him try -it.</p> - -<p>‘I admire the generous spirit which prompts -you to try this experiment; it is excellent, benevolent, -and all that sort of thing,’ he said coolly; -‘but it is not business, and it will be a failure. -Every scheme of the same sort that has been tried -has failed. However, I shall do my best to help -you. How do you propose to begin?’</p> - -<p>Philip was prepared for this lukewarm support; -he had not expected Wrentham to enter upon -the plan with enthusiasm, and was aware that -men of business would regard it as a mere fancy, -in which a good deal of money would be thrown -away. But he was confident that the result -would justify his sanguine calculations.</p> - -<p>‘I am sorry you cannot take a more cheerful -view of my project, Wrentham; but I hope some -day to hear you own that you were mistaken. -We shall begin by buying this land—here is the -plan. Then if we get it at a fair price, we shall -proceed to erect two blocks of good healthy -tenements for working-people. We shall be our -own contractors, and so begin our experiment with -the men at once. Take the plans home with -you, and look them over; and to-morrow you can -open negotiations for the purchase of the land.’</p> - -<p>Wrentham’s eyes brightened.</p> - -<p>‘Ah, that’s better—that’s something I can -do.’</p> - -<p>‘You will find that there are many things you -can do in carrying out the work,’ said Philip, -smiling.</p> - -<p>The general manager was restored to equanimity -by the prospect of a speculation in land. -The young enthusiast went his way, contented -with the thought that he had taken the first step -towards a social reform of vast importance.</p> - -<p>The same afternoon the agents for the land -in question received a communication from a -solicitor inquiring the terms on which it was to -be sold.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="THE_HOMING_PIGEON">THE HOMING PIGEON.</h2> -</div> - -<p class="ph3">BY GORDON STABLES, M.D., R.N.</p> - - -<p>‘<span class="smcap">Let</span> it off at Leicester, sir.’</p> - -<p>My train had already started, when the speaker—an -earnest-faced, enthusiastic-looking working-man—breathless -with running, leapt on to the -step, and after a hurried glance round the compartment, -popped a paper bag into my arms and -disappeared.</p> - -<p>‘Let it off at Leicester?’ What did the man -mean? Did he take me for one of the Fenian -brotherhood? Had he handed me an ‘infernal -machine’ with which to destroy Leicester railway -station? I was taken aback for a moment, but -only for a moment, for something rustled inside -the bag, and I ‘keeked’ in at a corner.</p> - -<p>‘You’re there, are you?’ I said <i>sotto voce</i>, as the -bright, inquiring eye of a blue homing pigeon met -my gaze.</p> - -<p>The man’s meaning was plain enough now. -Leicester was our first stopping-place. I was to -throw the bird up there—which I duly did—and -knowing the hour the train was due there, its -owner could thus judge of its flying powers -from the time it took to regain the loft in -London.</p> - -<p>By many people, it is believed that the homing -pigeon is guided in its wonderful flights by some -<i>special instinct</i>; others think that sight alone is the -bird’s guide. In the far-distant past, long before -railways, telegraphs, or telephones were dreamt of, -pigeons were used to convey intelligence of all -kinds from distant quarters; and even in our -own day and in times of peace, homing or carrier -pigeons are found exceedingly useful as message-bearers -in a hundred ways needless to name.</p> - -<p>In time of war, their utility can hardly be overrated. -The ‘Paris pigeon-post’ of the Franco-German -War of 1870-71 is well known. During -the siege, when the gayest city in the world was -closely beleaguered by the Prussians, and all communication -with the outside world was totally cut -off, homing pigeons brought to Paris by balloons, -found their way back to Tours and other places, -bearing with them news of the beleaguered city. -How welcome they must have been to the thousands -of people who had friends and relatives in -Paris at that time! The messages carried by the -pigeons were written or printed, then photographed -on thin paper, the words being so -reduced in size that it required the aid of a -powerful magnifier to decipher them. These -tiny documents were carried in small sealed -quills, carefully fastened to the centre tail-feathers. -From the very moment of the arrival -of the first homing pigeon, the Paris pigeon-post -was firmly established as an institution; and in -times of war among all civilised nations, the -aërial <i>voyageur</i> will in future doubtless play a -most important part.</p> - -<p>We have already in England a large number -of clubs devoted to pigeon-flying or pigeon-racing; -but it is in Brussels that the sport is carried out -to the fullest extent. In Belgium alone, there -are at this moment nearly twenty-five hundred -clubs, and every town, village, or district in the -whole country goes in for its weekly race. The -birds are sent off on the Friday or Saturday by -special trains, and are liberated in clouds of -thousands on the Sunday mornings, two, three, -four, or even five hundred miles from home.</p> - -<p>I know many people in this country who have -as their special hobby the breeding and flying -of pigeons in a private way, quite independent of -clubs—people who never go very far away from -home without taking a pigeon or two along -with them, to send back with news of their safe -arrival, or their success or non-success in matters -of business. I had the following told me by a -friend, and have no reason to doubt the truth of -it. A gentleman of rather shy disposition came -down from London to a town not a hundred miles -from Warwick, bent on proposing to a young -lady, with whom he was greatly in love. She -was the daughter of a well-to-do landowner, and -a fancier of Antwerp carriers. The Londoner, -however, lacked the courage or opportunity of -popping the question. He was bold enough, -though, before taking leave, to beg the loan of -one of his lady-love’s pets, just ‘to tell her of his<span class="pagenum" id="Page_246">{246}</span> -safe arrival in town.’ The bird returned from -London the same day; and in the little quill, it -bore to its mistress a message—that, after all, might -more simply and naturally have been conveyed -by lip—to wit, a declaration and a proposal. A -more artful though innocent way of getting out -of a difficulty could hardly have been devised. -It was successful too.</p> - -<p>The homing pigeon of the present day is not -only remarkably fond of the cot and scenes around -it wherein it has been bred and reared, but fond -of its owner as well, and exceedingly sagacious -and docile. The power of wing of this bird is -very great, and emulates the speed of the swiftest -train, over five hundred miles being done sometimes -in less than twelve hours.</p> - -<p>Now, although, in our foggy and uncertain -climate, we can never hope to attain such results -in pigeon-flying as they do in Belgium or sunny -France, still, the breeding and utilising of these -useful birds deserve far more attention than -we in this country give them. It is in the -hope that some of the readers of this <i>Journal</i> -may be induced to adopt the breeding and flying -of these pigeons as a fancy or hobby, that I now -devote the rest of this article to a few practical -hints about their general management.</p> - -<p>I should say, then, to a beginner, join a club, -by all means, if there be one anywhere near you. -If there is not, and you are energetic enough, -why, then, start one; or, independent of all clubs, -make your hobby an entirely private one. Now, -before doing anything else in the matter, you -must have a proper loft or pigeonry for your -coming pets. This should be placed as high -as possible, so that the birds, from their area -or flight, may catch glimpses of the country -all round, and thus familiarise themselves with -it.</p> - -<p>The loft should be divided into two by means -of a partition with a door in it, each apartment -having an outlet to the area in front. The one -room is devoted to the young birds, the other to -the old. Without illustrations, it is somewhat -difficult to describe the area or trap and its uses, -but I will try. In its simplest form, then, it is -a large wooden cage—with a little platform in -front of it—that is fixed against the pigeons’ own -private door to their loft. At the back of the -cage is a sliding-door, communicating with the -loft, and in command of the owner of the pigeons; -and another in the front of the cage. It is -evident, then, that if you open the back-door, -the bird can get into the area from the loft; and -if you open the front one as well, he can get out -altogether, to fly about at his own sweet will. -Returning from his exercise when tired, if both -trap or sliding-doors are open, he can pass right -through the cage into the loft; if only the front-door -is open, he can get no farther than the -interior of the cage or area. But independent -of these trap-doors, there are two little swing-doors, -called bolting-wires—one in front of the -cage, and one behind, that is, betwixt the area and -the loft. The peculiarity of these swing-doors -is this: they are hinged at the top, and open -<i>inwardly</i>, being prevented from opening outwardly -by a beading placed in front of them at the foot. -Well, suppose a bird to have just arrived from -off a journey, and alighting on the little platform, -found the sliding-door shut, it would immediately -shove against the door, which would swing open, -permitting the bird’s entrance, and at once shut -again against the beading, and prevent its exit. -In the same way, through the back bolting-wires, -a pigeon could enter the area, but could not return -to the loft in that way, nor get out through the -bolting-wires in front. When a bird returns home -from a journey, the exact time of its arrival may -even, by a very simple contrivance attached to -the external bolting-wires, be signalled to the -owner.</p> - -<p>The breeding compartment should have around -the walls nesting-boxes, I might call them, or -divisions, four feet long, two and a half feet high, -and about two feet wide; these ought to be barred -in front, with a doorway, to put the pigeons -through for breeding purposes, and two earthenware -nest-pans in each, hidden from view behind -an L-shaped screen of wood. In the loft are -pigeon-hoppers and drinking-fountains, as well -as a box containing a mixture of gravel, clay, -and old mortar, with about one-third of coarse -salt; the whole wetted and made into a mass -with brine.</p> - -<p>About twice a week, a bath is greatly relished -by the birds; but care should be taken not to -leave the floor of the loft damp. Old lime and -gravel should be sprinkled about. The food of -the homing pigeon is not different from that of -any other pigeon, and consists chiefly of beans, -small gray peas, with now and then, by way of -change, a little wheat, tares, rice or Indian corn. -Soft food may sometimes be given also, such as -boiled rice or potato, mixed with oatmeal.</p> - -<p>The drinking-water should be changed every -day, and the fountain frequently well rinsed out. -The greatest cleanliness should prevail in the loft. -Everything should be clean and sweet and dry, -and there should never be either dust or a bad -smell. Green food may be given when the birds -cannot get out to supply themselves. It should -be given fresh, and on no account left about the -loft to decay. Never let the hoppers be empty, -and see that the grains are not only good, but free -from dust as well.</p> - -<p>Next as to getting into stock. There are two -or three ways of doing this. It is sometimes -possible to get the eggs, which may be placed -under an ordinary pigeon. Good old birds may -be got—a few pairs; but they must, of course, be -kept strict prisoners, else they will fly away. The -best plan, however, of getting into stock is that of -purchasing young birds as soon as they are fit to -leave the mother. These must be put in the loft, -but not let out for a week or two, although they -should be permitted to go into the area and look -around them, to get familiar with the place. After -some time, they may be permitted to go out and -fly around. If good, they will return; if of a -bad strain, they are as well lost. But training -should not begin until the bird is fully three -months old, and strong. The young birds are -first ‘tossed’ two or three hundred yards from -their loft. If they have already become familiar -with their home surroundings, they will speedily -get back to the cot. Toss them unfed, flinging -them well up in an open space; and repeat this day -after day for some time; then gradually increase -the distance, to a quarter of a mile, half a mile, -and a mile, and so on to five, ten, up to fifty or -a hundred miles of railway. The tossing should<span class="pagenum" id="Page_247">{247}</span> -be done on a fine day, at all events never on a -foggy one.</p> - -<p>Birds may be sent to station-masters at different -distances along the line to be tossed, the basket -in which they have been carried being sent back -as a returned empty, with the exact time at which -the birds were let out marked on the label by -the station-master or porter. When this plan -is adopted, it is of course necessary to write to the -station-master first, and get his permission to send -birds to him for the purpose of being tossed.</p> - -<p>I have purposely avoided saying anything -about the points and properties of homing -pigeons; it is good wing you want, more than -shape of head or face, although there ought always -to be a skull indicative of room for brains. It -is wing you want, I repeat, strength, health, -and <i>strain</i>. Why I put the last word in italics -is this: I consider that it is essential to success, -and cheapest in the long-run, to breed from -a good working strain. The rule holds good in -the breeding of all kinds of live-stock. So the -reader, if he intends to take up the homing-pigeon -hobby, will do well to see that he gets birds of a -<i>good working stock</i> to begin with.</p> - -<p>A pigeon is not at its best till it is two years -of age; care should be taken, therefore, not to -attempt too much with them the first year of -training. When a bird returns, treat it to a -handful of nice grain, or even hemp; but during -training, give nothing that is too fattening in large -quantities. Great care and attention are required -all the year round; exercise should never be -neglected; they should be permitted to get out -frequently during the day, or indeed, to have their -liberty all day, taking precautions against the -tender attentions of vagrant cats. The moulting -season is a somewhat critical time, and so is the -breeding-time; but this class of pigeons is, on the -whole, hardy. Treat your birds with universal -kindness, and they will certainly reward you.<a id="FNanchor_1" href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="A_WITNESS_FOR_THE_DEFENCE">A WITNESS FOR THE DEFENCE.</h2> -</div> - - -<h3 title="CONCLUSION.">IN THREE CHAPTERS.—CONCLUSION.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">To</span> say that there was a ‘sensation’ would feebly -describe what followed. Every one in court -sprang to his feet. The prisoner looked as if he -had seen a ghost. There was a perfect hubbub -of voices, as bar and jury talked among themselves, -and my brethren at the solicitors’ table -poured questions upon me—to none of which I -replied. Silence being restored, the voice of the -judge—grave and dignified, but with a perceptible -tremor—descended like vocal oil on the troubled -waves of sound. ‘Who instructs you, Mr -Clincher?’</p> - -<p>‘Mr Bentley, my lord.’</p> - -<p>The judge looked more astonished than ever. -My name was familiar enough to him as a judge, -and he had known it even better when, as a -leading barrister, he had held many a brief from -me.</p> - -<p>‘I am persuaded,’ said he, ‘that a gentleman -of Mr Bentley’s repute and experience has good -reason for what he does. But so extraordinary -and unheard-of—— I will ask Mr Bentley himself -if he really considers that duty requires him to -offer himself as a witness, and when and why -he came to that conclusion?’</p> - -<p>‘My lord,’ I replied, ‘I am certain that, believing -what I have had cause to believe within the -last five minutes, I should be greatly to blame -if I did not testify on oath to certain facts which -are within my own knowledge. But if the -prisoner chooses to call me as a witness, your -lordship will presently understand why it is that, -with all submission, I cannot at this moment, or -until I am in the box, give my reasons. And I -must add that the value of my evidence to the -prisoner will greatly depend on his answers to -certain questions which I wish, with your lordship’s -sanction, to put to him in writing. And -if he answers me as I expect, I believe my -evidence will put an end to the case against -him.’</p> - -<p>‘Really, gentlemen of the jury,’ said his lordship, -‘this matter is assuming a more and more -remarkable aspect. I hardly know what to say. -That a prisoner on trial for his life should answer -questions put to him in private by the prosecuting -solicitor is the most extraordinary proposal, I -am bound to say, which ever came under my -notice. It is the more difficult for me to decide -because the prisoner has not the advantage of -counsel’s assistance.—Prisoner, is it your wish -that this gentleman should be called as a witness -on your behalf? You have heard what he has -said about certain questions which he wishes to -put to you beforehand. Of course you are not -bound to answer any such questions, and may -nevertheless call him. What do you say?’</p> - -<p>‘I am in God’s hands, my lord,’ answered the -prisoner, who was quite calm again. ‘It may -be that He has raised up a deliverer for me—I -cannot tell. But I know that if He wills that -I should die, no man can save me; if He wills -to save me, nought can do me harm. So I am -ready to answer any questions the gentleman -wishes.’</p> - -<p>‘I propose,’ said the judge, ‘before deciding this -extraordinary point, to consult with the learned -Recorder in the next court.’</p> - -<p>All rose as the judge retired; and during his -absence I escaped the questions which assailed -me from every side by burying myself in a -consultation with my counsel. When he heard -what the reader knows, he fully upheld me in -what I proposed to do; and then threw himself -back in his seat with the air of a man whom -nothing could ever astonish again.</p> - -<p>‘Si-lence!’ cried the usher. The judge was -returning.</p> - -<p>‘I have decided,’ said he, ‘to allow the questions -to be put as Mr Bentley proposes. Let -them be written out and submitted to me for my -approval.’</p> - -<p>I sat down and wrote my questions, and they -were passed up to the judge. As he read them, -he looked more surprised than ever. But all -he said, as he handed them down, was, ‘Put the -questions.’</p> - -<p>I walked up to the dock and gave them into -the prisoner’s hands, together with my pencil. -He read them carefully through, and wrote his -answers slowly and with consideration. With the -paper in my hand, I got into the witness-box -and was sworn.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_248">{248}</span></p> - -<p>My evidence was to the effect already stated. -As I described the man I had seen under the -lamp, with my face averted from the prisoner and -turned to the jury, I saw that they were making -a careful comparison, and that, allowing for the -change wrought by twelve years, they found that -the description tallied closely with the man’s -appearance.</p> - -<p>‘I produce this paper, on which I just now -wrote certain questions, to which the prisoner -wrote the answers under my eyes. These are the -questions and answers:</p> - -<p>‘<i>Question.</i> Were you smoking when you came -up to the corner of Hauraki Street?—<i>Answer.</i> -No.</p> - -<p>‘<i>Question.</i> Did you afterwards smoke?—<i>Answer.</i> -I had no lights.</p> - -<p>‘<i>Question.</i> Did you try to get a light?—<i>Answer.</i> -Yes, by climbing a lamp at the corner; but I -was not steady enough, and I remember I broke -my hat against the crossbar.</p> - -<p>‘<i>Question.</i> Where did you carry your pipe and -tobacco?—<i>Answer.</i> In my hat.</p> - -<p>‘Those answers,’ I concluded, ‘are absolutely -correct in every particular. The man whom I -saw under the lamp, at eight o’clock on the night -of the murder, behaved as the answers indicate. -That concludes the evidence I have felt bound to -tender.’ And I handed the slip of paper to the -usher for inspection by the jury.</p> - -<p>‘Prisoner,’ inquired the judge, ‘do you call any -other witness?’</p> - -<p>‘I do not, my lord.’</p> - -<p>‘Then, gentlemen,’ said the judge, turning to -the jury, ‘the one remark that I shall make to -you is this—that if you believe the story of the -prisoner’s witness, there can be little doubt but -that the prisoner was the man whom the witness -saw at the corner of Hauraki Street at eight -o’clock on the night in question; and if that was -so, it is clear, on the case of the prosecution, that -he cannot have committed this murder. I should -not be doing my duty if I did not point out to -you that the witness in question is likely, to say -the least, to be without bias in the prisoner’s -favour, and that his evidence is very strongly -corroborated indeed by the prisoner’s answers to -the written questions put to him. Gentlemen, -you will now consider your verdict.’</p> - -<p>‘We are agreed, my lord,’ said the foreman.</p> - -<p>‘Gentlemen of the jury,’ sung out the clerk -of arraigns, ‘are you all agreed upon your -verdict?’</p> - -<p>‘We are.’</p> - -<p>‘And that verdict is?’</p> - -<p>‘Not guilty.’</p> - -<p>‘And that is the verdict of you all?’</p> - -<p>‘It is.’</p> - -<p>There followed a burst of cheering which the -usher could not silence, but which silenced itself -as the judge was seen to be speaking. ‘John -Harden—I am thankful, every man in this -court is thankful, that your trust in the mercy -and power of the All-merciful and All-powerful -has not been in vain. You stand acquitted of a -foul crime by the unhesitating verdict of the jury, -and most wonderful has been your deliverance. -You go forth a free man; and I am glad to think -that the goodness of God has been bestowed on -one who has repented of his past sins, and who -is not likely, I hope and believe, to be unmindful -of that goodness hereafter.—You are discharged.’</p> - -<p>Had he been left to himself, I think the -prisoner’s old master would have climbed into the -dock, with the view of personally delivering his -servant out of the house of bondage. But he was -restrained by a sympathetic constable, while John -Harden was re-conveyed for a short time to the -jail, to undergo certain necessary formalities connected -with his release from custody. I volunteered -to take charge of Mr Slocum, and took him -to the vestibule of the prison, overwhelmed during -the short walk by thanks and praises. We were -soon joined by Harden, whose meeting with his -master brought a lump into the throat even of -a tough criminal lawyer like myself. I saw them -into a cab, and they drove off to Mr Slocum’s hotel, -after promising to call on me next day, and -enlighten me on certain points as to which I was -still in the dark.</p> - -<p>As strange a part of my story as any, has yet -to be told. I had hardly got back to my office -and settled down to read over the various letters -which were awaiting my signature, when my late -client (Harden’s prosecutor) was announced. I -had lost sight of him in the excitement which -followed the acquittal. He did not wait to -learn whether I was engaged or not, but rushed -after the clerk into my room. He was ashen -white, or rather gray, and his knees shook so -that he could scarcely stand; but his eyes -positively blazed with wrath. Leaning over -my table, he proceeded, in the presence of -the astonished clerk, to pour upon me a -flood of abuse and invective of the foulest -kind. I had sold him; I was in league with -the prisoner. I was a swindling thief of a -lawyer, whom he would have struck off the rolls, -&c.; until I really thought he had gone out of -his mind.</p> - -<p>As soon as I could get in a word, I curtly -explained that it was no part of a lawyer’s duty -to try and hang a man whom he knew to be -innocent. As he only replied with abusive -language, I ordered him out of the office. The -office quieted itself once more—being far too -busy, and also too well accustomed to eccentric -people to have time for long wonderment at -anything—and in an hour I had finished my -work, and was preparing to leave for home, -when another visitor was announced—Inspector -Forrester.</p> - -<p>‘Well, Mr Forrester, what’s the matter now? -I’m just going off.’</p> - -<p>‘Sorry if I put you out of the way, sir; but -I thought you’d like to hear what’s happened. -The prosecutor in Harden’s case has given -himself up for the murder!’</p> - -<p>‘What?’ I shouted.</p> - -<p>‘He just has, sir. It’s a queer day, this is. -When I heard you get up and give evidence -for the man you were prosecuting, I thought -curiosities was over for ever; but seems they -ain’t, and never will be.’</p> - -<p>‘How was it?’</p> - -<p>‘Well, he came into the station quite quiet, -and seemed a bit cast down, but that was all. -Said fate was against him, and had saved the -man he thought to hang in his stead, and he -knew how it must end, and couldn’t wait any -longer. I cautioned him, of course—told him to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_249">{249}</span> -sleep on it before he said anything; but make a -statement he would. The short of it all is, that -the idea of murdering the old lady for her -money had come into his mind in a flash when -he saw that poor drunken fool exhibiting his knife -in the tavern. He followed him, and picked -his pocket of the knife, and then hung about -the house, meaning to get in after dark. Then -he saw the girl come out and go off, leaving the -door closed but not latched, the careless hussy! -Then in slips the gentleman, and does what he’d -made up his mind to—for you see the old woman -knew him well, so he couldn’t afford to leave her -alive—gets the cash, and slips out. All in gold -it was, two hundred and fifty pounds. When -he heard that Harden couldn’t be found, he got -uneasy in his mind, and has been getting worse -ever since, though he did well enough in trade -with the money. Seems he considered he wasn’t -safe until some one had been hanged. So, when -he recognised Harden, he was naturally down -on him at once, and was intensely eager to get -him convicted—which I noticed myself, sir, as -of course you did, and thought it queer too, I -don’t doubt. He took too much pains, you see—he -must employ you to make certain, instead of -leaving it to us; whereas if he hadn’t come to -you, your evidence would never have been given, -and I think you’ll say nothing could have saved -the prisoner.’</p> - -<p>It was true enough. The wretched man had -insured the failure of his own fiendish design by -employing me, of all the solicitors to whom he -might have gone!</p> - -<p>I learned next morning, how Harden, after -trying in vain to light his pipe on that memorable -evening, had wandered for hours through the -hard-hearted streets, until at daybreak he had -found himself in the docks, looking at a large -ship preparing to drop down the river with the -tide. How he had managed to slip aboard unseen -and stow himself away in the hold, with some -idea of bettering his not over-bright fortunes in -foreign parts. How he had supported his life in -the hold with stray fragments of biscuit, which he -happened to have in his pockets, until, after a day -or two of weary beating about against baffling -winds, when they were out in mid-channel, the -usual search for stowaways had unearthed him. -How the captain, after giving him plenty of strong -language and rope’s-end, had at length agreed -to allow him to work as a sailor on board -the vessel. How on landing at Sydney he -had gone into the interior, taken service with -his present master—under another name than -his own, wishing to disconnect himself entirely -with his former life—and by honestly doing his -duty had attained his present position.</p> - -<p>By the light of this narrative, that which had -puzzled me became perfectly clear—namely, how -it was that he had contrived not only to get so -entirely lost in spite of the hue and cry after -him, but also to remain in ignorance of his aunt’s -fate.</p> - -<p>My client was tried, convicted, and executed -in due course; his plea of guilty and voluntary -surrender having no weight against the cruel -and cowardly attempt to put an innocent man -in his place.</p> - -<p>When I last saw John Harden, he was married -to a serious lady, who had been his late master’s -housekeeper, and was possessor of a prosperous -general shop in a country village, stocked by -means of the money which Mr Slocum had generously -left him.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="COIN_TREASURES">COIN TREASURES.</h2> -</div> - - -<p><span class="smcap">Man</span> is a collecting animal. It would be absurd -to ask what he collects; more to the point would -it be to ask what he does <i>not</i> collect. Books, -pictures, marbles, china, precious stones, hats, -gloves, pipes, walking-sticks, prints, book-plates, -monograms, postage-stamps, hangmen’s ropes; the -list might be increased indefinitely.</p> - -<p>What is it that impels us to heap up such -treasures? We say ‘us,’ because we are convinced -that few escape untouched by the disease. -It may be dormant; it may possibly never show -itself; but it is there, and only wants a favourable -conjunction of circumstances to bring it to life.</p> - -<p>Of all the forms of the collecting mania, few -have been so long in existence as that of coins, -and few seize us so soon. The articles are portable, -nice to look at, and of some intrinsic value. -Every one knows what a coin is, and when a lad -happens to get hold of one struck, say, two -hundred years ago, he naturally is impressed -by the fact. Every one knows how easily the -very young and the ignorant are taken by -the mere age of an article. The writer dates -his acquaintance with numismatics (the history -of coins) from his receiving in some change -a half-crown of Charles II. when he was eleven -years old. It was worn very much, but it was -two hundred years old, and that was enough. -After that, a good deal of pocket-money went in -exchange for sundry copper, brass, and silver -coins, with the usual result. The collection was -discovered to be rubbish; but experience had -been gained, and that, as is well known, must be -bought.</p> - -<p>The numismatist can head his list of devotees -by the illustrious name of Petrarch, who made -a collection of Roman coins to illustrate the -history of the Empire. He was followed by -Alfonso of Aragon; Pope Eugenius IV.; Cosmo -de’ Medici; Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary; -the Emperor Maximilian I. The man dear to all -book-lovers, Grolier, had his cabinet of medals; -Politian was the first to study them with reference -to their historical value. Gorlaeus succeeded -him. Early in the sixteenth century, Goltzius -the engraver travelled over Europe in search of -coins, and reported the existence of about one -thousand cabinets. Our own collections appear -to have begun with Camden; he was followed by -Sir Robert Cotton, Laud, the Earl of Arundel, -both the Charleses, the Duke of Buckingham, -and Dr Mead in the early part of last century. -Later on, we come to the celebrated William -Hunter—not to be confounded with his still -greater brother, John—who left to the university -of Glasgow his magnificent collection of Greek -coins. Archbishop Wake, Dr Barton, Dr Brown,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_250">{250}</span> -and Dr Rawlinson formed cabinets of considerable -extent and value, all of which found a -resting-place in the colleges of Oxford. All -these, however, were surpassed by Richard Payne-Knight, -who was born in the middle of the last -century, and formed the finest collection of -Greek coins and bronzes that had ever been -brought together. It was valued at fifty thousand -pounds, and he left it to the nation. -The catalogue drawn up by himself was published -in 1830 by the Trustees of the British -Museum.</p> - -<p>At the date of this magnificent legacy, our -national collection of coins was of no importance; -but since then, by purchase and bequest, it has -so greatly increased its stores, that it undoubtedly -stands on an equality with the French national -collection, long above rivalry. Donations during -the lifetime of the owner, too, are not unknown. -In 1861, Mr De Salis made the nation a present -of his extensive cabinet of Roman coins. In -1864, Mr E. Wigan called one morning on Mr -Vaux, the keeper of the coins and medals, and -producing a case, told him that was his cabinet -of Roman gold medals. Would he be good -enough to examine it carefully, and choose for -the Museum what he thought best? Needless to -say, no scruples were made by the head of the -department; consultations were held with the -staff, with the result that two hundred and -ninety-one were chosen, representing a value, at -a modest computation, of nearly four thousand -pounds. In 1866, Mr James Woodhouse of Corfu -left to the nation five thousand six hundred and -seventy-four specimens of Greek coins, mostly in -the finest preservation; of these, one hundred -and one were gold, two thousand three hundred -and eighty-seven silver, three thousand one hundred -and twenty-eight copper, and fifty-eight -lead. That year was particularly fruitful in -acquisitions, for no fewer than eleven thousand -five hundred and thirty-two coins were placed in -the national cabinets.</p> - -<p>But it is impossible that mere donations could -be depended on. In every sale, the British -Museum is a formidable competitor, and if, as -not unfrequently happens, it is outbidden by a -private collector, it has the advantage of an -institution over a person, in that it lives longer, -and often has the opportunity of acquiring -what it wants at the dispersal of the cabinet -of its rival. One of the most important purchases -ever made was that of the collection of the -Duc de Blacas in 1867, for which government -got a vote of forty-five thousand seven hundred -and twenty-one pounds. Amongst its treasures -were some two thousand Greek and Roman coins, -chiefly gold.</p> - -<p>All good and rare specimens gravitate naturally -to the chief museums of Europe, which would -thus stand in the way of a private individual -forming a cabinet, were it not for the fact, that -finds are continually taking place, either unexpectedly -or in consequence of excavations in -ancient countries. Only the other day, we noticed -the sale of a large lot of medieval coins at Paris, -which had been discovered when pulling down -some ancient buildings. During the German -excavations at Olympia, extending over six years, -some six thousand pieces of all ages from 500 <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span> -to 600 <span class="allsmcap">A.D.</span> were brought to light. These, however, -became the property of the Greek government, -and are not likely to come into the market. -Some of the finds are most extraordinary. In -1818 were fished up out of the river Tigris two -large silver coins of Geta, king of the Edoni; a -Thracian people of whom we know only the name, -and whose king’s name is all that we have to tell -us of his existence. These are now in the British -Museum, and are especially interesting as being the -earliest pieces we have stamped with a monarch’s -name. Their date is placed prior to 480 <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span> -We have seen a coin of Philip Aridæus, successor -of Alexander the Great, struck at Mitylene, which -was found in the roots of a tree which was being -grubbed up in a park in Suffolk. The incident -was inquired into at the time, and no -doubt seems to have arisen as to the fact of -its having been found as alleged. Nearly -twenty years ago, General Philips discovered at -Peshawur twenty milled sixpences of Elizabeth. -There was a tradition in the place that an -Englishman had been murdered there a very -long time before, and the tomb was shown. It is -naturally inferred, therefore, that the coins had -belonged to him, or how else explain the find? -When the railway was being made from Smyrna -to Aidin, a few dozen very ancient coins were -turned up, which were all sold at once at a few -shillings each; but the dealers hearing of this, -soon appeared on the spot, and the original buyers -had the satisfaction of reselling the coins at four -or five pounds apiece.</p> - -<p>Smyrna is, as the most important city of Asia -Minor, naturally the headquarters of the dealers -in Greek antiquities. Mr Whittall, a well-known -merchant there, had formed a very fine collection -of coins which was dispersed in London in 1867, -and fetched two thousand seven hundred and -twenty-nine pounds. When excavating at the -base of the colossal statue of Athena, in her -temple at Priene, Mr Clarke found five tetradrachms -of Orophernes, supposed to be the one -who was made king of Cappadocia by Demetrius -in 158 <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span> These were absolutely unique. In -Cyprus, some years ago, the British consul at -Larnaca obtained a large hoard, which had been -discovered during some building operations. This -was a particularly rich find, as amongst them -happened to be no fewer than thirty-four undescribed -pieces of Philip, Alexander the Great, and -Philip Aridæus. Mr Wood, when excavating on -the site of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, -came upon a lot of more than two thousand coins -of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. In -1876, some workmen, when digging, came upon -a vase containing, amongst other relics of antiquity, -some fifty electrum staters of Cyzicus and -Lampsacus, all of the end of the fifth century <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span> -Only a few years ago, in that most out-of-the-way -part of Central Asia, more than a hundred miles -beyond the Oxus, was discovered a hoard of coins -chiefly of the Seleucidæ, dating from the third<span class="pagenum" id="Page_251">{251}</span> -century <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span>—showing how far, even in those -early days, trade had been carried. A few of -them, too, were unknown pieces of Alexander the -Great. Without being prepared to go into exact -particulars, we should imagine that a find in 1877 -of twenty-nine thousand eight hundred and two -Roman coins in two vases in Blackmoor Park, -Hampshire, was one of the most extensive ever -known.</p> - -<p>That coins are interesting, as giving us portraits -of those who have made some show in the -world, is undoubted. It is equally true that -by their means we are made acquainted with -the existence of kings and kingdoms of whom -history has left no records. The fact of a Greek -kingdom of Bactria occupying that even yet comparatively -unexplored region, half-way between -the Caspian and the Himalaya, was revealed to -the world only some fifty years ago by the -finding of coins bearing portraits and legends of -the Greek-speaking rulers. An extremely large -silver piece in the British Museum, supposed to -belong to a period anterior to 480 <span class="allsmcap">B.C.</span> and struck -by the Odomanti of Thrace, a tribe of whom we -know nothing, was found at Ishtib. In the same -collection is a large silver coin of the Orrescii, -an unknown Macedonian people, which was found -in Egypt, along with a very early drachma of -Terone, and a large decadrachm of Derronikos, -a king unknown to history. These are supposed -to have been carried to Egypt by some of the -soldiers of Xerxes, during their retreat from -Greece after the battle of Platæa.</p> - -<p>The greatest sale of coins by public auction, -we should imagine, was that of Lord Northwick, -in December 1859, and April 1860. The former -consisted of Greek coins only, and produced eight -thousand five hundred and sixty-eight pounds; -the latter, of Roman and later pieces, fetched -three thousand three hundred and twenty pounds. -The Greek coins were especially fine and rare, -and some of them unique. One, a large piece of -Camarina, bearing as reverse a nymph carried by -a swan, a specimen of highest Greek art, went -for fifty-two pounds to the British Museum. -A splendid piece of Agrigentum, with reverse -of the monster Scylla, fetched one hundred -and fifty-nine pounds. A coin of Cleopatra, -queen of Syria, daughter of Ptolemy VI. of -Egypt, and wife successively of Alexander I., -Demetrius II., and Antiochus VII., and mother -of Seleucus V., and the sixth and seventh -Antiochi—all kings of Syria—was bought by -the British Museum for two hundred and forty -pounds. It is said to be the only one known. -Altogether our national collection obtained one -hundred specimens at a cost of nine hundred -pounds. Lord Northwick had lived to a great -age; but up to the last he preserved his faculties, -and indulged his passion for ancient art by buying -and exchanging objects. His pictures, statuary, -everything, in fact, came to the hammer after his -death. The years between 1790 and 1800 were -spent by him in Italy, and he gained his early -initiation into antiquities under the eye of Sir -William Hamilton, the well-known ambassador -at Naples. His first purchase is said to have -been an after-dinner frolic in the shape of eight -pounds for a bag of Roman brass coins. He -and Payne-Knight bought and divided the fine -collections of Prince Torremuzza and Sir Robert -Ainslie—for the latter of which they gave eight -thousand pounds. Since his lordship’s sale, there -has been nothing to approach it. Fine though -small cabinets have not been wanting, however, -and the enthusiast can always find something -with which to feed his passion. At -Huxtable’s sale, in 1859, the collection fetched -an unusually large sum. Hobler’s Roman cabinet -of brass coins was sold for one thousand seven -hundred and fifty-nine pounds; Merlin’s, containing -one hundred and forty-one lots of Greek -and Roman, produced eight hundred and seventy-eight -pounds; Sheppard’s Greek, nineteen hundred -pounds; Huber’s, containing some hundreds -of unpublished Greek, three thousand; Ivanoff’s, -three thousand and eight pounds; Bowen, one -thousand five hundred and fifty-three pounds; -Brown, three thousand and twelve pounds; -Sambon, three thousand one hundred and forty-eight -pounds; Exereunetes, containing several supposed -to be unique, one thousand four hundred -and twenty-one. The Sambon sale is memorable -for the fact that a brass medallion of Geta, of the -intrinsic value of twopence, was knocked down at -five hundred and five pounds!</p> - -<p>Every one who has read the <i>Antiquary</i>, whether -bibliomaniac or not, can enjoy the glowing description -by Monkbarns: ‘Snuffy Davie bought the -<i>Game of Chess</i>, 1474, the first book ever printed -in England, from a stall in Holland, for about -two groschen, or twopence of our money. He -sold it to Osborne for twenty pounds and as many -books as came to twenty pounds more. Osborne -resold this inimitable windfall to Dr Askew for -sixty guineas. At Dr Askew’s sale, this inestimable -treasure blazed forth in its full value, and was -purchased by royalty itself for one hundred and -seventy pounds.—Could a copy now occur,’ he -ejaculated with a deep sigh and lifted-up hands—‘what -would be its ransom!’</p> - -<p>The progress of intelligence has affected coins -in these days no less than books. It is only in -the very out-of-the-way places that coins are to -be picked up for a song. The chief hunting-ground, -Asia Minor, is well looked after by the -dealers, and the private collector has, of course, -to pay them their profit. The increase in value -may be gauged by the following instance: A gold -coin of Mithridates, the size of our half-sovereign, -fetched twenty-five guineas in 1777. In 1817 it -came to the hammer, and was knocked down at -eighty pounds to a well-known collector. Unfortunately -for him, a duplicate soon afterwards -appeared in a sale, and he had to pay ninety -pounds for that. Later on still, a third turned -up, and that fell to his bid at a hundred pounds. -Yet a fourth came to light in 1840. The owner -of the three bid up to a hundred and ten pounds, -but had to give in to a bid of a hundred and -thirteen pounds from a rival. Fancy his feelings! -The rare brass medallions of Commodus, intrinsic -value twopence or threepence, fetch up to thirty -pounds, and the large pieces of Syracuse, the finest -coins perhaps that we know of, regularly run up -to fifty and sixty pounds. It is evident, therefore, -that it is not every one who can indulge the -passion for coin-collecting. At a little expense, -however, electrotypes which are absolute facsimiles -can be obtained from the British Museum, -and this fact, which is not generally known, -should result in the spread of a knowledge of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_252">{252}</span> -Greek art; for it must not be forgotten that in -the early coinage of the Greek race the progress -of art can be traced as completely as in any now -existing remains.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="MY_FELLOW-PASSENGER">MY FELLOW-PASSENGER.</h2> -</div> - - -<h3 title="CHAPTER I.">IN TWO CHAPTERS.—CHAPTER I.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">To</span> say that the real zest of an Englishman’s -delight in England and English home-life is -only attained after residence or travel in other -countries, is to quote something like a truism. -To this influence at least was owing in great -measure the feeling of quite indescribable pleasure -with which, after a not altogether successful -six months of big-game hunting in the interior of -Africa—a very far-away country indeed in those -days, when no cable communication existed with -England—I found myself on board the good ship -<i>Balbriggan Castle</i> (Captain Trossach), as she steamed -slowly out of the Cape Town Docks on a lovely -June evening in 187-, homeward bound. I had -come from one of the eastern ports of the colony -in sole occupation of a cabin; and though I knew -we had taken on board a large number of passengers -that afternoon, I was not a little put out -to find, on going below, that the berth above mine -had been filled, and that the inestimable blessing -of solitude was to be denied me for the next -twenty days or so. However, there was no help -for it; and with the best grace I could command, -I answered my fellow-traveller’s courteous expressions -of regret with a hope that the voyage would -be a pleasant one. The new-comer was a tall, -slightly-built, and strikingly handsome man, of -about thirty, remarkable for a slow deliberative -manner of speech, with which an occasional -nervous movement of the features seemed oddly -at variance. On a travelling-bag, as to the exact -disposition of which he was especially solicitous, -I caught sight of the letters P. R. in big white -capitals. These being my own initials, the -coincidence, though commonplace enough, furnished -a topic of small-talk which sufficed to -fill up the short time intervening before dinner, -and ended, naturally enough, in the discovery -of my new friend’s name—Paul Raynor—given, -as I afterwards remembered, with some little -hesitation, but producing a much finer effect of -sound than my own unmelodious Peter Rodd.</p> - -<p>At dinner, I found my place laid opposite to -Raynor; and thus, notwithstanding the claims -of an excellent appetite and the desire to take -stock of other passengers, I had again occasion -to observe the painful twitching of the fine -features, recurring with increased frequency as -he, too, looked round at those about him, and -seemed to scan each in turn with more than -ordinary deliberation. The man interested me -greatly; and as I listened to his conversation with -some Englishmen near, and noted the dry humour -with which he hit off the peculiarities of the -worthy colonists we were leaving behind, I saw -at once that here at least was promise of relief -to the monotony of the voyage, of which I should -be constantly able to avail myself.</p> - -<p>A sea like glass, and a temperature of unusual -mildness for a June evening in those latitudes, -drew every one on deck, and ensconcing myself -in a pleasant corner just behind the too often -violated legend, ‘No smoking abaft the companion,’ -I proceeded to illuminate a mild Havana -cigar, when I was joined by Raynor, with whom, -after a good-humoured joke anent my unsuccessful -attempt to obtain that solitude which the cabin -could no longer afford, I renewed our conversation -of the afternoon, passing from generalities -to more personal matters, and sowing in a few -hours the seeds of a friendship destined to grow -and ripen with that marvellous rapidity only to -be attained by the forcing process of life on -board a passenger-ship.</p> - -<p>Nothing could exceed the frankness of Raynor’s -own story, as he told it me in brief before we -turned in that night. One of a large family of -sons, he had conceived an unconquerable dislike -to the profession of teaching, to which, in lieu -of one of a more lucrative nature, he had found -himself compelled to turn. The suggestion of -a friend, that he should try his luck in the -colonies, was hardly made before it was acted -upon; and a few weeks found him in an -up-country town at the Cape, where his letters -of introduction speedily brought him employment -in a well-known and respected house of business. -Here he rose rapidly; and having, by care and -occasional discreet speculation, saved a few hundreds, -was now on his way home, with four -months’ leave of absence, professedly as a holiday -trip, but really, as he admitted to me, to see -what chances presented themselves of investing -his small capital and procuring permanent employment -in England. In answer to my question, -whether his absence after so short a time of service -might not conceivably affect his prospects in the -firm, he replied, that his intention of remaining -at home had not been communicated to any one; -and that, should no suitable opening offer in -England, he would, upon returning to the colony, -resume his former position with Messrs ——, -whose word to that effect had been given.</p> - -<p>‘Do you know any one on board?’ said I carelessly, -when his short narration was over, and -after I had in turn imparted to him a few dry -and unrefreshing facts as to my own humble -personality.</p> - -<p>‘Why do you ask?’</p> - -<p>I was taken aback at the sharp, almost angry -voice in which the words were uttered; but, -strong in the harmless nature of my question, -I replied: ‘Because I thought I saw a man at -the next table to ours at dinner trying to catch -your eye, as if he knew you.’</p> - -<p>‘Daresay he did. One gets to know such an -unnecessary lot of skunks in the colonies!’ -Uttering these remarkable words hurriedly and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_253">{253}</span> -in a tone of intense irritation, Paul Raynor strode -away, and I saw him no more that night.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Our cabin was on the starboard side of the ship, -and the morning sun streamed in and laid his -glorious mandate upon me and all sluggards to -be up and stirring. Raynor, who had the berth -above me, seemed to have obeyed the call still -earlier, for he was gone. Mounting, a little later, -to the poop-deck, I arrived just in time to find -him in conversation with the odd-looking little -Dutchman I had noticed watching Raynor at -dinner, and to hear the former say, in that queer-sounding -Cape English, which, at a few paces -distant, is hardly to be distinguished from Cape -Dutch: ‘My name is Jan van Poontjes; and I -remember better as anything ’ow I met you -six or five months ago by Pieteraasvogelfontein -with young Alister of the Kaapstadt Bank, eh?’ -To which Raynor replied: ‘I can only assure you -again, sir, that you are mistaken. My name is -Paul Raynor, and I have never had the honour -of seeing you in my life before.’ Turning on -his heel, Mynheer van Poontjes shuffled away, -expressing <i>sotto voce</i> his readiness to be immediately -converted into ‘biltong,’ if he wasn’t right -about the ‘<i>verdomd Englischmann</i>.’</p> - -<p>Directly he caught sight of me, Raynor left -his seat, and coming hastily forward, said: ‘Mr -Rodd, I owe you many apologies for my unpardonable -rudeness of last night. I am blessed -with the vilest of tempers, which, after years of -effort, is not yet under my control. Will you -forget the episode? Believe me, I shall not offend -again.’</p> - -<p>My answer need not be recorded. But it struck -me as odd at the time, that when our reconciliation -was complete, and we were pacing the deck -for the short half-hour before breakfast, my companion -made no reference whatever to the Dutchman’s -mistake, not even evincing the slightest -curiosity to know whether Poontjes was the same -man whose regards I had observed so intently -fixed upon him. Possibly he was not aware that -I had been a witness of the interview, or, as -seemed more probable, he avoided alluding to -a subject so directly tending to recall his extraordinary -outburst of the previous night.</p> - -<p>The voyage was a quiet one enough, in spite -of the very large number of passengers. Three -really charming sisters were undergoing a well-sustained -siege at the hands of a dozen or so of -the most presentable young men, and at least one -engagement was shortly expected. Theatricals -were projected; but fortunately the ‘company’ -would <i>not</i> attend rehearsals, and we were spared. -One or two concerts were got up, at which feeble -young men complacently rubbed fiddle-strings -with rosined bows, and evoked flat and melancholy -sounds, expressing no surprise when subsequently -complimented on their ‘violin-playing.’ -An opulent but unlovely Jew from the Diamond -Fields created a diversion by singing, without -notice given, a song of the music-hall type—refrain, -‘Oh, you ridic’lous man, why dew yer -look so shy!’ &c.; and was genuinely hurt when -the captain suggested his ‘going for’ard next -time he wanted an audience for <i>that</i> song.’ -Several ladies, of several ages, displayed their -varied musical acquirements; and Raynor surprised -everybody one day by giving us the -<i>Village Blacksmith</i> in a round clear baritone, of -which no one imagined him to be the possessor.</p> - -<p>During these first ten days at sea, Raynor had, -apparently without any striving after popularity, -established himself as a universal favourite. The -children adored him from the first, thereby securing -him a straight road to the mothers’ hearts, -who in their turn spoke warmly in his praise -to the younger ladies on board. These last felt -strongly his superiority to the other very ordinary -young men, enjoyed his conversation greatly, -and were perhaps the least bit afraid of him.</p> - -<p>Raynor’s fondness for and influence with children -were altogether remarkable. Early in the voyage, -a tiny trot of four had tripped and fallen sharply -on the deck at his feet. As he lifted her ever so -tenderly in his arms and stroked the poor little -hurt knee, the child looked up at him through her -tears and asked: ‘Is you <i>weally</i> sorry?’ ‘Yes, -indeed—I am, Nellie.’ ‘Then me’s better,’ came -the little sobbing answer; and forthwith she -nestled closer to him, and was comforted. This -incident evidently produced a profound effect -upon the other children playing near, who thereafter -lost no opportunity of showing ‘the tall -man’ that he might consider himself entirely one -of themselves.</p> - -<p>My own intimacy with him grew daily stronger, -and our mutual friendship became so firm that we -began to project various plans of business and pleasure -for months to come in England. How often, -in after-days, did I stop to think wonderingly of -the man’s earnestness, the intense absorption with -which he would ponder upon the relative merits -of different undertakings, each more certain than -the last to make our fortunes! Was he for the -moment actually deceiving himself? or did the -habit of concentrated thought forbid him to -discuss otherwise than gravely, projects of whose -very initiation he alone knew the impossibility?</p> - -<p>Raynor spent his money freely, though without -ostentation; and I hardly knew whether to be surprised -or not when he applied to me one day for a -loan of twenty-five pounds, explaining that he had -lost rather heavily at cards during the past few -days, and having only brought a limited supply -of ready cash for the voyage, he found himself -for the moment rather inconveniently short. -Fortunately, I was in a position to supply his -needs; and when we went ashore at Madeira the -next afternoon, he invested a small fortune in -sweets, toys, and native gimcracks for his army -of little friends on board, including an exquisite -model of one of the quaint little Funchal carts, -destined for a poor crippled lad amongst the -passengers in the fore-part of the ship.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>Four or five days later, and signs of the -approaching end began to be visible in the shape -of Railway Guides on the saloon tables, great ease -in the procuring of hitherto impossible luxuries -from the stewards, and the appearance on the -scene of certain towzled officials not previously -observed, but with ‘backsheesh’ writ plain on -each grimy feature. Raynor and I had during -the last few days matured our plans for the -immediate future. These were to include a week -in town, another on the river, some visits to -friends, and, if possible, a few days with the -grouse towards the end of August. After this, -a tentative negotiation with a City House with a<span class="pagenum" id="Page_254">{254}</span> -view to the fruition of a certain scheme upon -which my friend built great hopes.</p> - -<p>Musing pleasurably upon these and other prospective -delights, I turned in at ten o’clock, -determined to get a few hours’ good sleep before -reaching Plymouth—where we expected to put in -at four or five o’clock in the morning, to land -mails and some few passengers—the rest going -on with the ship to Southampton. I had not -slept more than an hour or two at most, when I -was awakened by a sensation, known to even the -soundest of sleepers, as if something were going -on near me of which I ought to know. Looking -out half-dreamily from my berth, I saw that -Raynor was standing in the cabin, a lighted -taper placed on a small shelf near him. I was -about to close my eyes, when I became aware that -there was something unusual in his appearance -and actions. Instead of undressing himself for -the night, he stood half bent over a locker -opposite, upon which was lying open the travelling-bag -I have referred to as being the object -of his special care at the outset of the voyage. -From this he drew one after another a number -of small brown packets, in size and look not -unlike gun-cartridges—which, indeed, in the dim -light of the taper, I took them to be—hurriedly -passing them into the various pockets of a light -overcoat I now noticed him to be wearing. Still -drowsily watching his movements, I was surprised -to see him unroll from a bundle of wraps -a thick heavy ulster, and putting it on, proceed -to transfer more of the queer little brown-paper -parcels to the pockets of this second garment. -I was now fairly awake, and with a perhaps -rather tardy recognition of the unfairness of my -espionage, I coughed an artfully prepared cough, -so toned as to convey the impression that I had -that moment come from the land of dreams.</p> - -<p>‘Hullo!’ I said, with the uneasy drawl of -somnolence, ‘is that you?’</p> - -<p>He started, and made a movement as if trying -to stand full between me and the valise, as he -answered: ‘Yes; I am just putting away one or -two things.’ Then, after a moment’s pause, during -which I heard him lock and fasten the bag, ‘I’m -afraid,’ he said, ‘you will think me a terribly -shifty fellow, Peter, but the fact is, I know those -old people in Cornwall will never forgive me if -I don’t go and see them whilst I’m at home; and -I’m equally positive that if I put it off now, I -shall never get anywhere near them’——</p> - -<p>‘And so you’ve suddenly made up your mind -to get out at Plymouth, and leave me to go on -to town alone,’ said I, interrupting, with a feeling -of keener disappointment than I cared to show. -‘I see it all. Never mind. I can bear it. I was -born to suffer.’</p> - -<p>‘So you will say when I have finished,’ was -the laughing reply. ‘After all, though, it is -only putting off our little jaunt for a few days. -Meanwhile, will you do me a favour? I cannot -descend upon the old folks with a heap of -luggage; and besides, this concern’—pointing to -the valise—‘holds everything I am likely to need. -Therefore, I want you, like a good boy as you -are, to pass through the Customs with your own -things, my two portmanteaus which are in the -hold, and take them up to town with you. Go -to the rooms you spoke of, and I will join you -in a week from to-day.’</p> - -<p>‘All right, you unblushing deserter. Have it -as you will. But remember, if you are not at -No. 91 Savile Street by Thursday evening next, -I shall “cause your goods to be sold to defray -expenses, and reserve to myself the right of -deciding what to do with the proceeds,” as the -Tipperary lawyers have it.’</p> - -<p>‘Do; only keep something to remind you of -the biggest scoundrel you are ever likely to know,’ -he replied, laughing again, but with a curious -ring in his voice, of which, I think, I shall never -quite lose the memory. Its effect at the moment -was to set me thinking whether this new move -of Paul’s might not portend the upsetting of all -our schemes.</p> - -<p>‘Here, Peter,’ he went on—‘here is what I -owe you, with many thanks. You don’t mind -having it all in gold, do you? Those fellows -have been giving me a very decent revenge at -loo the last night or two, and this is the result!’ -holding up a handful of sovereigns, and proceeding -to pour twenty-five of them with a horrible -clatter into my washing-basin.</p> - -<p>‘Haven’t you got any English notes?’ I asked, -wondering sleepily what I should do with all -these sovereigns in addition to an existing small -supply of my own.</p> - -<p>‘Not one,’ answered Raynor. ‘Now, go to -sleep; and I’ll come down and awake you -when we’re within anything like reasonable -distance of Plymouth. It’s no use turning in -for the short time that’s left, so I shall go up -and smoke a pipe and watch for the first sight -of the land of my birth.’ He then went out into -the soft air of the July night, looking strangely -uncouth in a superfluity of wraps such as no -man would throw about him only to meet -the light breeze that just precedes a summer -dawn.</p> - -<p>A few hours afterwards, I was leaning over the -taffrail waving good-bye to my friend as he stood -near the wheel of the little tender that bore him -and some half-dozen others to the shore. There -had been a deep sadness in his eyes at parting; -and the foreboding of the night before changed -now to a chill conviction that Paul Raynor and -I should meet no more.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>‘So your friend has just now landed already, -eh?’ said the voice of Mr van Poontjes, a -gentleman with whom I had not exchanged a -dozen words during the voyage, but who now, -planting himself heavily on the deck-chair next -mine, gave evidence of his intention to put a full -stop to my enjoyment of the book which I was -struggling to finish before delivering it to its -owner that evening.</p> - -<p>‘Yes,’ I replied wearily, wondering a little -whether this worthy but slightly repulsive individual -was going to stay long, and mentally -laying plans of escape to meet the contingency.</p> - -<p>‘Well, now,’ he continued, ‘I dessay you consider -your Mister Raynor a jolly fine feller, -eh?’</p> - -<p>Suppressing the instantaneous impulse to take -the little boer by the collar and shake him, I -answered: ‘Mr Raynor is a friend of mine, as -you are aware; and as I am not in the habit of -discussing my friends with strangers, perhaps you -will leave me to my book!’</p> - -<p>‘Strangers, eh! Stranger to you, per’aps, yes!<span class="pagenum" id="Page_255">{255}</span> -but not stranger to Mister—what do you call -’im?—Raynor! Eh, I could tell you something’——</p> - -<p>‘Now, look you here, Mr van Poontjes,’ I burst -out; ‘you have courageously waited to speak like -this until Mr Raynor is no longer here to answer -you. But I happen to have heard that gentleman -inform you with his own lips that he had never -set eyes on you until the day you met on board -this ship; and therefore to say that you are not -a stranger to Mr Raynor is equivalent to the -assertion that Mr Raynor has told a lie. You -had better not dare to repeat that statement -either to me or to any other passenger on board.—Now, -good-morning; and take care that mischievous -tongue of yours doesn’t get you into -trouble yet!’</p> - -<p>As the little crowd that these angry words had -brought about us moved away, a few clustering -inquisitively round the little Dutchman, my -reading was once more postponed by Jack -Abinger, the second officer, a man with whom -Raynor and I had struck up something of a -friendship. ‘Hullo, Rodd,’ he said, strolling up -to where I sat, ‘what’s all the row about? I -saw you from my cabin standing in the recognised -attitude of the avenger, apparently slating -Mynheer van Poontjes as if he were a pickpocket.’ -After listening to my story of what had -occurred, he said: ‘Ah, a clear case of mistaken -identity! But, I say, talking of Paul Raynor, -it was a pity, as far as he was concerned, that -we couldn’t have got to Plymouth a day or two -earlier.’</p> - -<p>‘What do you mean?’ I asked surprisedly.</p> - -<p>‘Only, that he would have gone ashore a richer -man by a good bit. Surely he told you what -a bad time he’s been having of it lately? Anybody -else would have been stone-broke long -ago. And last night, by way of a finish, that -unspeakable little reptile, Barnett Moss, took a -lot of money out of him at écarté. Never saw -a man hold such cards in my life!’</p> - -<p>‘It’s a good thing Paul was able to pay the -little beast,’ I said, trying to speak easily, and -miserably failing, as I recalled what had passed -between us the night before.</p> - -<p>‘Pay!’ replied Abinger; ‘I believe you! Why, -Paul must have brought a perfect bank on board -with him! I only hope he hasn’t lost enough -to spoil his holiday.’</p> - -<p>‘Never mind, Jack; he’ll be all right. He has -gone to stay with friends in Cornwall for a week—to -economise, I expect.’</p> - -<p>‘A week!’ shouted Jack. ‘Why, I know I -shouldn’t be able to go ashore for the next year or -two, if I had had his bad luck!’ And he ran off -on some duty or other, leaving me in perplexed -and restless cogitation. If, as Abinger said, Paul -had ‘brought a perfect bank on board with him’—the -words ran in my head—what could have -been his object in seeking to produce exactly the -opposite impression upon myself—even going so -far as to borrow money during the voyage ostensibly -to replace his losses—repaying the amount, -too, at the very moment when his ill-luck had -reached a climax, with a few light words about -the ‘revenge’ which, as it now appeared, he had -been so very far from obtaining? The whole -affair was inexplicable and disquieting; and I was -glad when the necessity for making my final -preparations left me little further time for -thoughts which, do what I would, kept crossing -the border-line into the hateful regions of -doubt.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="A_SKATING_REGIMENT">A SKATING REGIMENT.</h2> -</div> - -<p class="ph3">BY A NORWEGIAN.</p> - - -<p><span class="smcap">The</span> following account of a Norwegian corps of -soldiers, called in their language <i>skielober-corpset</i>, -as they existed some years since, will no doubt -be interesting to readers of your <i>Journal</i>. Whether -any changes have been made of late years, the -writer is unable to say. The denomination -<i>skielober</i> (skater) comes from <i>skie</i>, which signifies -a long plank, narrow and thin, fastened upon the -feet for sliding on the snow.</p> - -<p>It is well known that during four or five -months of the year Norway is covered with snow, -which at a few leagues’ distance from the borders -of the sea is driven into such heaps as to render -it impossible for the traveller to go out of the -beaten track, either on foot or on horseback. It -is even found necessary to clear this road after -every fall of snow, which is done by means of a -machine in the form of a plough, pointed at the -front, and of a triangular shape. It is drawn by -horses. It pierces and levels the snow at one -and the same time, and thus opens a passable -road. Notwithstanding these difficulties, hunting -has at all times been the great sport and exercise -of that country, formerly abounding in fierce animals, -and still in deer and most kinds of smaller -game. Hunting is indeed an occupation which -appears to be in a peculiar manner prescribed to -the inhabitants by the shortness of the days and -the length of the winters. It is therefore natural -that the Norwegian should have occupied himself -from the earliest period about the means of -quitting his hut and penetrating into the forest -in every direction and with all possible speed. -The <i>skier</i> or skates presented these means.</p> - -<p>Let us figure in our minds two planks of wood -as broad as the hand, and nearly of the thickness -of the little finger, the middle underneath being -hollowed, to prevent vacillation, and to facilitate -the advancing in a direct line. The plank -fastened under the left foot is ten feet in length; -that intended for the right is only six, or thereabouts; -both of them are bent upwards at the -extremities, but higher before than behind. They -are fastened to the feet by leather straps, attached -to the middle, and for this purpose are formed -a little higher and stronger in that part. The -plank of the right foot is generally lined below -with the skin of the reindeer or the sea-wolf, so -that in drawing the feet successively in right and -parallel lines with skates thus lined with skins, -and very slippery in the direction of the hair, -the skater finds them nevertheless capable of -resistance, by affording a kind of spring when he -would support himself with one foot in a contrary -direction, as by such movements he raises up the -hair or bristly part of the skin. It is affirmed -that an expert skater, however loose and uncompact -the snow may be, will go over more -ground in an open place, and will continue his -course for a longer time together, than the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_256">{256}</span> -best horse can do upon the trot over the finest -and best paved road. If a mountain is to be -descended, he does it with such precipitation, that -he is obliged to moderate his flight, to avoid -losing his breath. He ascends more slowly, and -with some trouble, because he is compelled to -make a zigzag course; but he arrives at the -summit as soon as the best walker or foot-soldier, -with this advantage, that however little consistence -the snow may have acquired, he can never -sink into it.</p> - -<p>Experience has proved that in spite of the -multiplied obstacles produced by the rigour of the -winter, the Norwegians have often been attacked -by their enemies in precisely such seasons; and -from the above manner of going out to hunt, -and undertaking long journeys, it was not at all -surprising that the forming of a military corps -of skaters should be thought of. The whole -body consisted of two battalions, one stationed -in the north, the other in the south. Its strength -was nine hundred and sixty men. The uniform -consisted of a short jacket or waistcoat, a gray -surtout with a yellow collar, gray pantaloons, -and a black leather cap. The skater’s arms were—a -carabine, hung in a leather belt passing over -the shoulder; a large <i>couteau de chasse</i>; and a -staff three yards and a half long, to the end -of which is affixed a pointed piece of iron. -At a little distance from the extremity it is -surrounded by a circular projecting piece of -iron, which serves principally to moderate his -speed in going down-hill. The skater then puts -it between his legs, and contrives to draw it in -that manner; or he drags it by his side; or uses -it to help himself forward, when he has occasion -to ascend a hill; in short, he makes use of it -according to the occasion and the circumstances -in which he may be placed. Besides this, it -affords a support to the firelock, when the skater -wishes to discharge its contents. With such a -rest, the Norwegian peasant fires a gun dexterously, -and very seldom misses his aim.</p> - -<p>The corps of skaters, to this service adds that -of the ordinary chasseurs, of which they might -be considered as making a part; they fulfil all -the functions of those troops, and only differ -from them by marching on skates. This gives -them a considerable advantage over others. The -skaters, moving with great agility, and, from -the depth of the snow, being out of the reach -of the pursuit of cavalry as well as infantry, -are enabled with impunity to harass the -columns of the enemy in their march, on both -sides of the road, running little or no danger -themselves. Even cannon-shot could produce -little effect upon men spread here and there -at the distance of two or three hundred paces. -Their motions are besides so quick, that at the -moment when it is believed they are still to be -aimed at, they have disappeared, to come in sight -again when least expected. Should the enemy -be inclined to take his repose, this is the precise -time for the skater to show his superiority, whatever -may have been the precautions taken against -him. There is no moment free from the attack -of troops which have no need of either roads or -bypaths; crossing indifferently marshes, lakes, -and rivers, provided there be but ice and snow. -No corps could be more proper in winter for -reconnoitring and giving accounts of the enemy, -and, in short, for performing the functions of -couriers. It may be conceived, however, that -they find great difficulty in turning, on account -of the length of their skates. This, however, -is not the case; they make a retrograde motion -with the right foot, to which the shortest -plank is attached, and put it vertically against -the left. They then raise the left foot, and place -it parallel to the right, by which movement they -have made a <i>half</i>-face; if they would face about, -they repeat the manœuvre.</p> - -<p>In the ordinary winter exercise, the skaters -draw up in three ranks, at the distance of three -paces between each file, and eight paces between -each rank, a distance which they keep in all their -movements—whenever they do not disperse—in -order that they may not be incommoded in the -use of their skates. When there is occasion to -fire, the second and third ranks advance towards -the first. Their baggage—kettles, bottles, axes, &c.—is -conveyed upon sledges, or carriages fixed on -skates, and easily drawn by men, by the help of a -leather strap passing from the right shoulder to -the left side, like that of a carabineer.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="ECHOES">ECHOES.</h2> -</div> - - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0"><span class="smcap">Ofttimes</span> when Even’s scarlet flag</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Floats from the crest of distant woods,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">And over moorland waste and crag</div> - <div class="verse indent2">A weary, voiceless sorrow broods;</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Around me hover to and fro</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The ghosts of songs heard long ago.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">And often midst the rush of wheels,</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Of passing and repassing feet,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">When half a headlong city reels</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Triumphant down the noontide street,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Above the tumult of the throngs</div> - <div class="verse indent0">I hear again the same old songs.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">Rest and Unrest—’tis strange that ye,</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Who lie apart as pole from pole,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Should sway with one strong sovereignty</div> - <div class="verse indent2">The secret issues of the soul;</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Strange that ye both should hold the keys</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Of prisoned tender memories.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">It maybe when the landscape’s rim</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Is red and slumberous round the west,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The spirit too grows still and dim,</div> - <div class="verse indent2">And turns in half-unconscious quest</div> - <div class="verse indent0">To those forgotten lullabies</div> - <div class="verse indent0">That whilom closed the infant’s eyes.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">And maybe, when the city mart</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Roars with its fullest, loudest tide,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The spirit loses helm and chart,</div> - <div class="verse indent2">And on an instant, terrified,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Has fled across the space of years</div> - <div class="verse indent0">To notes that banished childhood’s fears.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">We know not—but ’tis sweet to know</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Dead hours still haunt the living day,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">And sweet to hope that, when the slow</div> - <div class="verse indent2">Sure message beckons us away,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The Past may send some tuneful breath</div> - <div class="verse indent0">To echo round the bed of death.</div> - </div> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse right">L. J. G.</div> - </div> -</div> -</div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<p class="center">Printed and Published by <span class="smcap">W. & R. Chambers</span>, 47 Paternoster -Row, <span class="smcap">London</span>, and 339 High Street, <span class="smcap">Edinburgh</span>.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<p class="center"><i>All Rights Reserved.</i></p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="footnotes"><p class="ph3">FOOTNOTES:</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_1" href="#FNanchor_1" class="label">[1]</a> [An excellent article on the subject, with drawings of -loft, &c., will be found in <i>The Field</i> for 23d Feb. last.—<span class="smcap">Ed.</span>]</p> - -</div> -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAMBERS'S JOURNAL OF POPULAR LITERATURE, SCIENCE, AND ART, FIFTH SERIES, NO. 16, VOL. 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