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diff --git a/old/65840-h/65840-h.htm b/old/65840-h/65840-h.htm deleted file mode 100644 index a5a0cca..0000000 --- a/old/65840-h/65840-h.htm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11780 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> - <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> - <title> - Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1885, by Harvie-Brown, Cordeaux, Barrington, More, & Eagle Clarke.—A Project Gutenberg eBook - </title> - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover_epub.jpg" /> - <style type="text/css"> - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - -p { - margin-top: .51em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .49em; -} - -hr { - width: 33%; - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - margin-left: 33.5%; - margin-right: 33.5%; - clear: both; -} - -hr.tb {width: 45%; margin-left: 27.5%; margin-right: 27.5%;} -hr.chap {width: 65%; margin-left: 17.5%; margin-right: 17.5%;} -@media print { hr.chap {display: none; visibility: hidden;} } - -div.chapter {page-break-before: always;} -h2.nobreak {page-break-before: avoid;} - -table { - margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto; - border-collapse: collapse; -} -.tblcont {width: 70%;} -.tblcont tr:hover {background-color: #f5f5f5;} -td .hanging {text-indent:-2em; margin-left:2em; text-align: justify;} - -.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ - /* visibility: hidden; */ - position: absolute; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: normal; - font-variant: normal; -} /* page numbers */ - -.tdl {text-align: left;} -.tdc {text-align: center;} -.tdc2 {text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;} -.tdr {text-align: right;} -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} -.allsmcap {font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;} - -h1, h2, h3, h4 {font-weight: bold; text-align: center; text-indent:0;} -h1 {font-size:2.00em; margin-top: 1.5em;} -h2 {font-size:1.50em; margin-top: 1.0em;} -h3 {font-size:1.25em; margin-top: 1.0em;} -h4 {font-size:1.125em; margin-top: 1.0em;} -.caption3nb {font-size:1.25em; text-align: center; text-indent:0; margin-top: 1.0em;} -.caption4nb {font-size:1.125em; text-align: center; text-indent:0; margin-top: 1.0em;} -.pmt2 {margin-top: 2em;} -.pmt4 {margin-top: 4em;} -.pmb4 {margin-bottom: 4em;} -.vsmall {font-size: 0.5em;} -.smaller {font-size: 0.8em;} -.blockquot p {margin-left: 4em; margin-right: 2em; text-indent: -2em; text-align: justify;} -.vtop {vertical-align: top;} -.vbot {vertical-align: bottom;} -.ind2em {margin-left: 2em;} - -/* Images */ - -img { - max-width: 100%; - height: auto; -} -img.w100 {width: 100%;} - - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%; -} - -/* Footnotes */ -.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} - -.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - -/* Transcriber's notes */ -.transnote {background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:smaller; - padding:0.5em; - margin-bottom:5em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; } - - </style> - </head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1885, by J. A. Harvie Brown</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1885</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0;'>Seventh Report (Vol. II No.2)</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: J. A. Harvie Brown, J. Cordeaux, R. M. Barrington, G. A. Moore and W. Eagle Clarke</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: July 14, 2021 [eBook #65840]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Tom Cosmas produced from files provided by The Internet Archive and placed in the Public Domain.</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT ON THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS IN THE SPRING AND AUTUMN OF 1885 ***</div> - -<div class="figcenter" id="cover" style="width: 252px;"> - <img src="images/cover.png" width="252" height="423" alt="Report on the Migration of Birds in the Spring and Autumn of 1885 by Harvie-Brown, Cordeaux, Barrington, More, & Eagle Clarke" /> -</div> - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_i">- i -</span></p> - -<h1 class="nobreak"><span class="smaller">REPORT</span><br /> - -<span class="vsmall">ON THE</span><br /> - -MIGRATION OF BIRDS<br /> - -<span class="vsmall">IN THE</span><br /> - -<span class="smaller">SPRING AND AUTUMN OF 1885.</span></h1> - - -<p class="pmt2 tdc">BY</p> - -<h2><span class="smcap">Mr J. A. HARVIE-BROWN, Mr J. CORDEAUX,<br /> -Mr R. M. BARRINGTON, Mr A. G. MORE,</span><br /> - -<span class="vsmall">AND</span><br /> - -<span class="smcap">Mr W. EAGLE CLARKE</span>.</h2> - - -<p class="pmt4 caption3nb">SEVENTH REPORT.</p> - -<p class="caption4nb">(Vol. II., No. 2.)</p> - - -<p class="pmt4 pmb4 tdc">EDINBURGH:<br /> - -PRINTED BY M'FARLANE & ERSKINE,<br /> - -14 AND 19 ST JAMES SQUARE.<br /> - -1886.</p> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_iii">- iii -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="PREFACE">PREFACE.</h2> -</div> - - -<p>The following Report contains a summary of investigations of a -Committee reappointed by the British Association for the -Advancement of Science, at Aberdeen, in 1885, to consist of -Professor Newton, Mr J. A. Harvie-Brown, Mr John Cordeaux, -Mr W. Eagle Clarke, Mr R. M. Barrington, and Mr A. G. More, -for the purpose of obtaining (with the consent of the Master and -Elder Brethren of the Trinity House, the Commissioners of -Northern Lights, and the Commissioners of Irish Lights) -observations on the Migrations of Birds at Lighthouses and -Lightships, and of reporting on the same at Birmingham in -1886. Mr Cordeaux to be the Secretary.</p> - -<p>The returns relating to Scotland have been arranged by -Mr J. A. Harvie-Brown; for the East Coast of England, by -Mr Cordeaux; for the West Coast of England, by Mr W. -Eagle Clarke; and those for the Coasts of Ireland, by Mr E. -M. Barrington and Mr A. G. More.</p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_iv">- iv -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="CONTENTS">CONTENTS.</h2> -</div> - - - -<table class="tblcont" summary="TOC"> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr smaller">PAGE</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">General Remarks,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#GENERAL_REMARKS">5</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">East Coast of Scotland,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#EAST_COAST_OF_SCOTLAND">12</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">East Coast of England,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#EAST_COAST_OF_ENGLAND">37</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Heligoland,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#HELIGOLAND">60</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">West Coast of Scotland,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#WEST_COAST_OF_SCOTLAND">92</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">West Coast of England and Wales, and the Isle of Man,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#WEST_COAST_OF_ENGLAND_AND_WALES">108</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Irish Coast,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#IRISH_COAST">132</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_2">- 2 -</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" id="station_map" style="width: 496px;"> - <a href="images/station_map_lg.png"><img src="images/station_map.png" width="496" height="544" alt="Map of the British Islands Showing Position of the Lighthouse & -Light Vessel Stations to Which Schedules Are Sent by the Committee." /></a><br /> - <img src="images/magnifier.png" width="39" height="31" alt="" /> - <span class="smaller">Click on map to view larger sized.</span> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">- 3 -</span></p> - -<p class="caption3nb">LIST OF STATIONS.</p> - - -<table summary="stations"> -<tr> - <td class="vtop" style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col1" style="width: 100%;"> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1.</td> - <td class="tdl">Iceland.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">2.</td> - <td class="tdl">Do.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">3.</td> - <td class="tdl">Faroe.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">3<i>b</i>.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fair Isle.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="2"><b>Scotland—East Coast.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">4.</td> - <td class="tdl">N. Unst.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">5.</td> - <td class="tdl">Whalsey Skerries.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">6.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bressay Sound.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">7.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sumburgh Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">8.</td> - <td class="tdl">N. Ronaldshay.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">9.</td> - <td class="tdl">Start Point.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">10.</td> - <td class="tdl">Auskerry.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr" rowspan="2"> - <table style="float:right;" summary="brace"> - <tr> - <td class="tdr"><span style="font-size: 2em;">{</span></td> - <td class="tdr">11.<br />12.</td> - </tr> - </table></td> - <td class="tdl">Hoy Sound (Low).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Hoy Sound (High).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">13.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cantick Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">14.</td> - <td class="tdl">Pentland Skerries.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">15.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dunnet Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">16.</td> - <td class="tdl">Holborn Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">17.</td> - <td class="tdl">Noss Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">18.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tarbat Ness.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">19.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cromarty.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">20.</td> - <td class="tdl">Chanonry Point.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">21.</td> - <td class="tdl">Covesea Skerries.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">22.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kinnaird Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">23.</td> - <td class="tdl">Buchan Ness.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">24.</td> - <td class="tdl">Girdleness.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">25.</td> - <td class="tdl">Montroseness.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">26.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bell Rock.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">27.</td> - <td class="tdl">Isle of May.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">28.</td> - <td class="tdl">Inchkeith.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">28<i>b</i>.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fidra (1885).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">29.</td> - <td class="tdl">St Abb's Head.</td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> - <td style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col2" style="width: 100%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="2"><b>England—East Coast.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">30.</td> - <td class="tdl">Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">31.</td> - <td class="tdl">Inner Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">32.</td> - <td class="tdl">Coquet Island <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">33.</td> - <td class="tdl">5 Buoy Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">34.</td> - <td class="tdl">Whitby High <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">35.</td> - <td class="tdl">Flamborough Head <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">36.</td> - <td class="tdl">Spurn Point <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">37.</td> - <td class="tdl">Spurn <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">38.</td> - <td class="tdl">Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">39.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">40.</td> - <td class="tdl">Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">41.</td> - <td class="tdl">Llyn Wells <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">42.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">43.</td> - <td class="tdl">Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">44.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hunstanton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">45.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cromer <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">46.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">47.</td> - <td class="tdl">Winterton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">48.</td> - <td class="tdl">Newarp <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">49.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">50.</td> - <td class="tdl">Corton <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">51.</td> - <td class="tdl">Orfordness <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">52.</td> - <td class="tdl">Languard Point <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">53.</td> - <td class="tdl">Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">54.</td> - <td class="tdl">Swin Middle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">55.</td> - <td class="tdl">Nore <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">56.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">57.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">58.</td> - <td class="tdl">Galloper <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">59.</td> - <td class="tdl">North Foreland <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">60.</td> - <td class="tdl">North Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">61.</td> - <td class="tdl">Gull <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">62.</td> - <td class="tdl">Eastside <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">63.</td> - <td class="tdl">South Foreland <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">64.</td> - <td class="tdl">South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">65.</td> - <td class="tdl">Varne <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> -</tr> - -<tr> - <td class="vtop" style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col1" style="width: 100%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="2"><b>Scotland—West Coast.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">81.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cape Wrath.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">82.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhu Stoir.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">83.</td> - <td class="tdl">Butt of Lewis.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">84.</td> - <td class="tdl">Stornoway.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">85.</td> - <td class="tdl">Island Ghlais.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">86.</td> - <td class="tdl">Monach Isles.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">87.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ushenish.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">88.</td> - <td class="tdl">Barra Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">89.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rona.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">90.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kyleakin.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">91.</td> - <td class="tdl">Isle Ornsay.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">92.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ardnamurchan.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr vtop">93.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skerryvore and Hynish<br /> - Signal Tower, Tiree.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">94.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dhuheartach.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">95.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sound of Mull.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">96.</td> - <td class="tdl">Corran Ferry.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">97.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lismore.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">98.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fladda, Easdale.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">99.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhuvaal.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">100.</td> - <td class="tdl">M'Arthur's Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">101.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skervuile.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">102.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhinns of Islay.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">103.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lochindaul.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">104.</td> - <td class="tdl">Mull of Kintyre.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">105.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sanda.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">106.</td> - <td class="tdl">Devaar.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">107.</td> - <td class="tdl">Pladda, Arran.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">108.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lamlash.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">109.</td> - <td class="tdl">Turnberry.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">109<i>b</i>.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ailsa Craig (building, 1885).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">110.</td> - <td class="tdl">Corsewall.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">111.</td> - <td class="tdl">Loch Ryan.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">112.</td> - <td class="tdl">Portpatrick.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">113.</td> - <td class="tdl">Mull of Galloway.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">114.</td> - <td class="tdl">Little Ross.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="3"><b>Isle of Man.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">115.</td> - <td class="tdl">Point of Ayre.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">116.</td> - <td class="tdl">Douglas Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">117.</td> - <td class="tdl">Langness (1880).</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">118.</td> - <td class="tdl">Chickens Rock.</td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> - <td style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col2" style="width: 100%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="2"><b>England—West Coast.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">119.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bahama Bank <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">120.</td> - <td class="tdl">St Bees <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">121.</td> - <td class="tdl">Selker <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">122.</td> - <td class="tdl">Morecambe Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">123.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">124.</td> - <td class="tdl">Air <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">125.</td> - <td class="tdl">Menai <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">126.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skerries <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">127.</td> - <td class="tdl">Holyhead Breakwater <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">128.</td> - <td class="tdl">South Stack <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">129.</td> - <td class="tdl">Carnarvon Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">130.</td> - <td class="tdl">St Tudwal's <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">131.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bardsey Island <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">132.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cardigan Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">133.</td> - <td class="tdl">South Bishop <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">134.</td> - <td class="tdl">Smalls <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">135.</td> - <td class="tdl">Great Castlehead <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">136.</td> - <td class="tdl">Milford <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">137.</td> - <td class="tdl">Caldy <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">138.</td> - <td class="tdl">Helwick <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">139.</td> - <td class="tdl">Scarweather <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">140.</td> - <td class="tdl">Nash <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">141.</td> - <td class="tdl">Breaksea <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">142.</td> - <td class="tdl">Flatholm <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">143.</td> - <td class="tdl">English and Welsh Grounds <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">144.</td> - <td class="tdl">Usk <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">145.</td> - <td class="tdl">Avon <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">146.</td> - <td class="tdl">Burnham <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">147.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bull Point <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">148.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bideford <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">149.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lundy <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">150.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hartland Point <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">151.</td> - <td class="tdl">Trevose Head <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">152.</td> - <td class="tdl">Godrevy <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">153.</td> - <td class="tdl">Longships <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">154.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sevenstones <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">155.</td> - <td class="tdl">Wolf-Rock <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">156.</td> - <td class="tdl">Scilly <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">157.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bishop's Rock <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">158.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lizard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">159.</td> - <td class="tdl">Falmouth Harbour <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">160.</td> - <td class="tdl">Eddystone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">161.</td> - <td class="tdl">Plymouth Breakwater <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">162.</td> - <td class="tdl">Start <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> -</tr> - -<tr> - <td class="tdc" colspan="4"><b>Ireland.</b></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="vtop" style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col1" style="width: 100%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">1.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fastnet.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">2.</td> - <td class="tdl">Galley Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">3.</td> - <td class="tdl">Old Head, Kinsale.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">4.</td> - <td class="tdl">Mine Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">5.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dungarvan.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">5*.</td> - <td class="tdl">Coningbeg Lt.-ship.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">6.</td> - <td class="tdl">Barrels Rock Lt.-ship.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">7.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tuskar.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">8.</td> - <td class="tdl">Arklow S. Lt.-ship.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">8*.</td> - <td class="tdl">Arklow N. Lt.-ship.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">10.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kish Bank Lt.-ship.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">11.</td> - <td class="tdl">Howth Baily.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">12.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rockabill.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">13.</td> - <td class="tdl">Copeland Island.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">14.</td> - <td class="tdl">Maidens.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">15.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rathlin.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">16.</td> - <td class="tdl">Innishtrahull.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">17.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dunree Head.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">18.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lough Swilly.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">19.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tory Island.</td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> - <td style="width: 45%"> - <table summary="col2" style="width: 100%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">20.</td> - <td class="tdl">Arranmore.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">21.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rathlin O'Birne.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">22.</td> - <td class="tdl">Killybegs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">23.</td> - <td class="tdl">Oyster Island.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">24.</td> - <td class="tdl">Broadhaven.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">25.</td> - <td class="tdl">Eagle Island, E.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">26.</td> - <td class="tdl">Eagle Island, W.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">27.</td> - <td class="tdl">Blackrock, Mayo.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">28.</td> - <td class="tdl">Blacksod Point.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">29.</td> - <td class="tdl">Clare Island.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">30.</td> - <td class="tdl">Slyne Head, N.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">31.</td> - <td class="tdl">Slyne Head, S.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">32.</td> - <td class="tdl">Arran Island, N.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">33.</td> - <td class="tdl">Straw Island.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">34.</td> - <td class="tdl">Arran Island, S.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">36.</td> - <td class="tdl">Samphire Island.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">37.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tearaght.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">38.</td> - <td class="tdl">Valentia.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">39.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skelligs.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr">40.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dursey Island.</td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> -</tr> - -<tr> - <td class="tdc" style="width: 45%" colspan="2"> - <table summary="col1" style="width: 45%"> - <tr> - <td class="tdc"><b>Outlying Stations.</b></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Heligoland.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Stevns Fyr, Zealand.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Malmo, Sweden.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Casquets <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Alderney.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Guernsey.</td> - </tr> - </table> - </td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">- 5 -</span></p> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h1 class="nobreak"><span class="smaller">SEVENTH REPORT</span><br /> - -<span class="vsmall">ON</span><br /> - -THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS<br /> - -<span class="vsmall">IN THE</span><br /> - -<span class="smaller">SPRING AND AUTUMN OF 1885.</span></h1> -</div> - - -<p><i>This year, in order to decrease the bulk of the Report, the Committee -decided that Ocean Notes be not printed in the Report, but separately. -Messrs Gray and Swinburne having again kindly kept notes for us, -these will be retained for future publication.</i></p> - - -<h2 id="GENERAL_REMARKS">GENERAL REMARKS.</h2> - -<p>Our thanks are again due to the numerous Reporters, whose -names are given under the "Diaries" of the two coasts.</p> - -<p>Additions to our List of Stations are Fidra in the Firth of -Forth, and also very shortly after this will be added a light-vessel -off the Carr Rock, coast of Fife, holding an intermediate -position between Bell Rock and Isle of May; and on the west -coast the light upon Ailsa Craig. It is intended to introduce -the electric light at Isle of May, and machinery and works are -at present in course of erection.</p> - -<p>We regret to learn that an order has been issued that lighthouse -keepers shall no longer be allowed to read or write in -the lantern-rooms; and we are glad that some little notice has -been taken of the fact in the House of Commons on the 12th -April 1886.</p> - -<p>The 1885 schedules show distinctly the compressed nature of -the migration, which, while very considerable in numerical importance, -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">- 6 -</span> -was, at the same time, short, sharp, and decisive. The -principal spring rush was similar, occupying only a few days at -the comparatively late date of the beginning of May, particulars -of which can be gleaned directly from the Diaries of the -stations, and especially under <i>Turdidæ</i>, Fieldfares being unusually -plentiful. This appears to have been the heaviest -movement, taking all species together, but <i>Saxicolinæ</i> travelled -all April and May, and <i>Silviinæ</i> about the middle of April.</p> - -<p>Shortly, we may describe the migration of 1885 thus:—</p> - -<p>In spring of 1885 the rush was pronounced, somewhat late, -compressed, and in many respects very similar, but not so extensive -as 1884. The prevailing winds were easterly and southeasterly -in April and May, and had been very continuous. -The effect was the compression spoken of—a closed fan. The -largest migration ever witnessed at the Isle of May was on 3d -May 1885.</p> - -<p>In autumn the rushes partook of a similar nature,—short, -sharp, and decisive, but very considerable in numerical importance. -Previous to middle of October, migration was very -slight at any stations, but great rushes took place between then -and about the middle of November. An interesting note of the -cross-migration of Woodcocks, and other birds, is given at the -Isle of May. Woodcocks travelling towards the N.W., and -striking the S.E. side of the glass, whilst other species were -flying S.E., and striking on exactly the opposite side of the -lantern, both flights being equally favourable, or nearly so, by -the light E. wind. Another N.W. to S.E. rush took place -during the day-time, of what must have been a very extensive -migration, upon the 10th November; wind light south, and birds -flying high. An unprecedentedly high gale as coming from -the S.E. is recorded at Isle of May on the 23d.</p> - -<p>We would like to ask our readers, and the British Association, -of which we are a Committee, to recognise that the more -we know about migration, apparently the less reason is there -for scientists to use the term "Accidental." At present "Abnormal" -is better. "<i>Of accidental occurrence</i>" is a term or -phrase which ought to be <i>expunged</i>, root and branch, from -scientific records of migration. Every year's statistics prove -this more and more fully. "Probably an escape" is, no doubt, -a safeguard against undue admission to the British List; but<span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">- 7 -</span> -we think it possible to carry this phrase too commonly into -use, ignoring the fact that migration may account <i>much more -simply</i> for such occurrences, under certain conditions, than -escapes. A list of localities where foreign fowls, like <i>Porphyrio -melanotus</i>, are kept throughout the United Kingdom, would -greatly facilitate positive records of "occurrences;" and all -such species as Canada Geese and ornamental Waterfowl, which -are kept in confinement or partial domestication, might be -returned to the Committee, or to the Association, by the proprietors, -if they were asked to do so by circular.</p> - -<p>From every succeeding year's statistics, we have come almost -to similar conclusions regarding the lines of flight. Three -salient routes on to our East Coast of Scotland are invariably -shown, <i>viz.</i>: (<i>1st</i>) <i>viâ</i> the entrance of the Firth of Forth, and -as far north as Bell Rock, both coming in autumn and leaving -in spring; (<i>2d</i>) <i>viâ</i> the Pentland Firth and Pentland Skerries, -both in spring and autumn; and (<i>3d</i>) <i>viâ</i> the insular groups -of Orkney and Shetland, which perhaps may be looked upon as -part of No. 2; and a fourth with almost certainty passes into -the Moray Firth, but avoids the high cliffs of the east coast of -Aberdeenshire.</p> - -<p>On the other hand, three great areas of coast-line, including -both favourably placed and favourably lighted stations, almost -invariably, save in occasionally protracted easterly winds, and -even then but rarely, send in no returns or schedules of the -very scantiest description. These areas are Berwickshire, the -whole E. coast south of the Moray Firth, and Caithness and E. -Sutherland. Each and all of these areas possess high and precipitous -coast-lines, if we except the minor estuaries of the -rivers of Tay and Dee, and a small portion of lower coast-line -in Sutherland, which face towards the east. Nevertheless these -areas partake to a very large extent of the numbers of migrants -which visit Scotland. Nowhere in Scotland, perhaps, is summer -bird-life more abundant than in, at least, the two more southern -of these areas—Berwickshire, and the interior of Aberdeen and -Banff, and the valley of Spey and its tributaries. The question -appears a natural one: by what route do these summer visitants -reach us? or, by what route do birds reach us in autumn? -Not, I believe, <i>over the high cliff edge</i> in the latter case, otherwise -<i>some</i> migration would certainly be visible from the rock-bound<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">- 8 -</span> -stations. As shown in one case, positive assurance is -given by the reporter at Noss Head, that for eleven years -scarcely a bird "<i>had been observed on migration day or night</i>," -and we have scarcely any statistics to show a contrary view, as -regards the said area all through our seven reports.</p> - -<p>How, it is known with considerable certainty that Caithness -owes its periodical passing visits of such species as -Blackcap and Pied Flycatcher, both in spring and autumn, -to its immediate proximity to one of the chief highways of -migration—the Pentland Firth; and the configuration of the -N.E. peninsula of that county clearly points to the route by -which spring passing migrants reach the E. coast of the county, -as we have already explained in previous remarks. They -cross over a low-lying depression in the land from Dunnet -Bay, and cut off the peninsula of Canisbay. Coming again in -autumn, the same birds, to some slight extent, may return -across this peninsula, but the undoubted fact remains that the -compressed and strongest flights cross over the Pentland Skerries -and through the Firth.</p> - -<p>In the same way, it appears that while scarcely a bird -is ever recorded at the stations along the E. cliff-edge of -Aberdeen, yet, in autumn, a well-marked stream of migration -enters the N.E. counties at a point westward of Troup Head, -which forms the northern abutment of the dividing ridge, or -watershed, between what are known as the Faunal areas of -"Moray and Dee;" and that thence up the wide open valley -of the Spey, and over the low-lying portions of the south coast -of the Moray Firth, this stream is clearly traceable at many -points. It is also known that an equally decided spring -"return" descends the same great valley, and enters it across -the dividing range between the head waters of Spey and Spean -or Pattack. We have studied this subject locally—at many -points personally—especially in spring, and notes we have taken, -dating back for many years, all tend to strengthen the statement.</p> - -<p>In the same way it appears almost equally certain, that while -few birds fly across over the cliff-edges of Berwickshire, but -pour in vast streams up the open and wide Firth of Forth, still -Berwickshire, and the interior of the south of Scotland, are well -supplied with migrants; and the "return" is equally apparent. -A study of our previous remarks by our readers cannot, we<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">- 9 -</span> -think, fail to give them the idea of the process of the population -of these interior portions of the country in Scotland.</p> - -<p>England is differently circumstanced to a great extent, owing -principally to its low-lying sea-board. There is no occasion -there to have the great migration waves compressed into -grooves and firths and depressions.</p> - -<p>The further question naturally may be asked, "But why -should they not fly in over the cliff tops?" We think there -are already many reasons stated in our previous remarks why -such is less likely to happen, during normal migration, whether -by day or by night, and that they should avoid obstacles, and -choose an easier if not a shorter route.</p> - -<p>The population of these interior parts, which are bounded by -precipitous coast-lines, appears to us almost certainly to arrive -by the innumerable veins—if I may so call them—which run -into and join the main arteries,—and thus a circular migration -is evinced.</p> - -<p>Birds in normal migration against a beam wind fly low, and -on reaching low-lying sea-board pass on inland without resting. -But on approaching high land, say 200 or 300 feet in height, -while at night the greatest darkness is ahead of them, and the -greatest light to the north or south of their course; during the -day-time, if the wind is off-shore—a beam wind,—on approaching -the lee shore, they enter upon a calm belt of sheltered air -and water, and choose the easier path along shore. According -to whether the off-shore wind is strong or light, will they approach -nearer or keep further out; and, skirting the coast-line, so -enter upon one of the great open highways of normal migration. -This, which appears almost undoubted, will in great measure -account for the invariably slender returns sent in by nearly all -the rock-bound stations of the more precipitous portions of the -Scottish Coast.</p> - -<p>Regarding the migration of Woodcock generally, the following -notes may prove of some interest. These I culled from the -note-books and game register of a naval friend stationed at -Corfu and the Albanian coast in 1879.</p> - -<p>The first flight of Woodcock occurs about the first ten days of -November, and it remains a very short time before passing on, -unless abnormal "south winds keep them in cover." The -second and heavy flight occurs about the middle of December,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">- 10 -</span> -and may remain a mouth, and odd birds are shot even in February -in the lower covers. Thomas Wood, Esq., British Consul at -Patras,—an authority for the locality,—says that Woodcock -come in November with a N.W. wind most freely, but in -December with a N.E. wind.</p> - -<p>By a study of the area over which the Woodcock breeds, of -the time they take in flight, and of a comparison of the dates -of arrivals at Heligoland and East British Coasts with the -above,—it seems pretty clear, I think, that the early flight, -which extends along the whole Albanian coast is composed -entirely of birds bred amongst the higher levels of their southern -range, coming probably from the Carpathians and as far south -as the Balkans, as well as from high localities even nearer to -the Albanian coast and coverts. It seems to us also equally -clear that the December flight, preferring the beam wind from -the N.E., comes from the western parts of North Europe, having -originally started from the breeding areas of the extreme north. -On starting, we will say, from the N. of Scandinavia, or Scandinavia, -and other parts of the breeding range, they arrive on -our coasts about October {our first flight). This corresponds -with the first flight on the Albanian coast a month later. Birds -reaching us congregate upon our islands under the genial influence -of the Gulf Stream, but may finally be drawn off by -December, and constitute a portion at least of the great flight -at Corfu, where one ship's sportsmen have been known to kill -something like 300 cock in a day or two (I have not the figures, -but they are accessible, if necessary).</p> - -<p>Regarding the subject of the arrival of young' birds in advance -of the adults in autumn, the Committee, we think, should look -at the movements exhibited by, and distinctly observable in, -certain species. Those, perhaps, most easily observed are the -larger Natatores, such as Geese and Swans and Gannets, whose -distinct movements can be watched year after year, and recorded -with almost absolute certainty. We do not intend to dilate -upon the importance of this method at present, but in the connection -will merely quote a significant passage from Mr Robert -Gray's "Birds of the West of Scotland,"<a id="FNanchor_1" href="#Footnote_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> and to supplement it -by saying that there can be no doubt as to the accuracy of the -observations made, as they are well known to the inhabitants.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">- 11 -</span> -Mr Gray says: "Previous to leaving, the Barnacle Geese -assemble in immense flocks on the open sands, at low tide, in -the Sounds of Benbecula and S. Uist; and as soon as one -detachment is on the wing, it is seen to be guided by a leader, -who points the way with strong flight northwards, maintaining -a noisy bearing until he gets the flock into the right course. After -an hour's interval, he is seen returning with noisy gabble alone, -southwards to the main body, and taking off another detachment -as before, until the whole are gone. A notice of this singular -habit was first communicated to me by Mr Alex. Carmichael, -and has since been corroborated by Mr Norman M'Donald, who -informs me that the inhabitants of the Long Island have been -long familiar with it."</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_1" href="#FNanchor_1" class="label">[1]</a> <i>Op. cit.</i>, pp. 349, 350.</p> - -</div> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">- 12 -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="EAST_COAST_OF_SCOTLAND">EAST COAST OF SCOTLAND.</h2> -</div> - - -<p>The usual schedules were sent to twenty-seven stations. -Thirteen stations on the East Coast of Scotland have returned -forty-eight schedules. Isle of May gives heaviest returns with -nineteen schedules. Pentland Skerries follows with eleven. -Bell Rock again is next in importance.</p> - -<p>In the List of Stations we follow the same plan as in that of -1884, but we add in several cases the names of the assistant -light-keepers whose names have been returned as taking interest -in the proceedings. The present year's returns will be indicated -by asterisks.</p> - -<p>We do not repeat the explanation of migration values of the -the stations here for the Scotch Coast, that being done in our -last Report (<i>q.v.</i> p. 10).</p> - - -<h3>EAST OF SCOTLAND.</h3> - -<table summary="data"> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">eturns<br />in 6<br />years.</td> - <td class="tdc">In<br />1885.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="vbot">Values.</td> - <td class="vbot">Feet.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="6"><span class="smcap">Shetland.</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">4.</td> - <td class="tdl">N. Unst,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">230</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">5.</td> - <td class="tdl">Whalsey Skerries,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">143</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">1</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">6.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bressay,</td> - <td class="tdr">III.</td> - <td class="tdr">105</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">7.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sumburgh Head,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">303</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="6"><span class="smcap">Orkney.</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">8.</td> - <td class="tdl">N. Ronaldshay,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">180</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc"></td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">9.</td> - <td class="tdl">Start Point,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">80</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">10.</td> - <td class="tdl">Auskerry,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">110</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">11.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hoy Sound (Low),</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">65</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">12.</td> - <td class="tdl">Hoy Sound (High),</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">115</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">13.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cantick Head,</td> - <td class="tdr">III.</td> - <td class="tdr">115</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">14.</td> - <td class="tdl">Pentland Skerries,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">170</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="6"><span class="smcap">Mainland.</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">15.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dunnet Head, Caithness,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">346</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">16.</td> - <td class="tdl">Holborn Head, Caithness,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">75</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">17.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">- 13 -</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Noss Head, Caithness,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">175</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">18.</td> - <td class="tdl">Tarbat Head, East Ross,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">175</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">19.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cromarty, East Cromarty,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">60</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">20.</td> - <td class="tdl">Chanonry Point, Elgin,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">40</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">21.</td> - <td class="tdl">Covesea Skerries, Elgin,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">160</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">22.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kinnaird Head, Aberdeen,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">120</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">23.</td> - <td class="tdl">Buchan Ness, Aberdeen,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">130</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">24.</td> - <td class="tdl">Girdleness, Aberdeen,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">185</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">25.</td> - <td class="tdl">Montroseness, Forfar,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">124</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">26.</td> - <td class="tdl">Bell Rock, Fife Coast,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">93</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">26<span class="allsmcap">B</span>.</td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Carr Rock Light-ship</i>, Fife Coast,†</td> - <td class="tdr">?</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">27.</td> - <td class="tdl">Isle of May, Firth of Forth,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">240</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">1st</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">27<span class="allsmcap">B</span>.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fidra, Firth of Forth,†</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">28.</td> - <td class="tdl">Inchkeith, Firth of Forth,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">220</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">29.</td> - <td class="tdl">St Abb's Head, Berwick,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">224</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="tdc"> - † New Stations, 1885-86. -</p> - - -<h4><span class="smcap">Diary from the Stations.</span></h4> - -<p><i>N. Unst.</i>—John Nichol (principal), J. J. Morrison, Robert -Agnew, and John Down (assistants), send in three well-filled -schedules. J. N. in a note says: "Wood's Natural History, -second edition, would be very useful to us here." Amongst -rarities, a <a href="#Wryneck">Wryneck</a>, obtained on 9th September (see under -species). "About 5th September all Puffins, Marrots, Kittiwakes, -and Guillemots disappeared. Puffins and Mosscheepers -(probably Rock Pipits, J. A. H. B.) breed on the rock, and a -Gull or two. Falcon Hawk on the island ashore, and visits the -rock in search of small birds. No Swans seen as in former -years in November and December. I was told a great flock was -seen at Lerwick going north early in November. Since my -arrival at this station in July last from Dhuheartach, not a -single Eider Duck was seen. Only birds we see now are from -the shore (December 26, 1885), <i>viz.</i>, Starlings, Sparrow Hawks, -Crows; a few Gulls flying about; Solan Geese all away."—Signed J. N.</p> - -<p><i>Sumburgh Head.</i>—James Youngclause (principal), Robert -Gifford (assistant). During the summer a great number of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">- 14 -</span> -Gulls breed in the cliffs. Also large numbers of Guillemots, -Razorbills, which arrive first and second week of August. Also -lots of Starlings and Grey Linnets, but these and the Gulls -remain the whole year. Under date of 16th January 1886, -Mr Y. writes: "Birds have been very scarce; not one stranger -since the 27th November." Two schedules.</p> - -<p><i>North Ronaldshay.</i>—John Tulloch (principal). Two schedules. -Gannets began flying north about the 18th April.</p> - -<p><i>Auskerry.</i>—John M'Donald (principal). Three well-filled -schedules.</p> - -<p><i>Pentland Skerries.</i>—Signed by John Gilmour (assistant). -Eleven very full schedules. Mr Gibson (principal), Mr Frazer, -and Mr M'Gee are all much interested in the subject. They -have been supplied with a copy of C. A. Johns' "British Birds in -their Haunts," published by the Society for Promoting Christian -Knowledge. Harvie-Brown visited Pentland Skerries in July -1885. "Skerries" is a misnomer for the larger island. It is a -lovely island, richly grassed, feeds twenty sheep on 114 acres; -very level, fine turf, rich in daisies and buttercups, producing -lovely milk, and admirably situated to intercept migration. -Elsewhere an account of the birds seen there in summer will be -incorporated.<a id="FNanchor_2" href="#Footnote_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> Pentland Skerries, along with Isle of May, as -usual, shared the heaviest rushes and returns, and Bell Rock -very fully participated. The rush seemed to be about the -middle of October, continuing, but not so heavily, through that -month, and increasing again up to the middle of November. -On the 11th November our reporters say: "Never saw so many -Fieldfares flying round the light" as to-night.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_2" href="#FNanchor_2" class="label">[2]</a> Vertebrate Fauna of Shetland, Caithness, and West Cromarty, by T. E. -Buckley and J. A. Harvie-Brown, in press. There can scarcely be a doubt that -this station would quickly rival the "Isle of May" in rarities, if the men had equal -facilities of obtaining specimens. If they had guns, also, they might add largely -to their stock of wholesome fresh food.</p> - -</div> - -<p><i>Dunnet Head.</i>—David Laidlaw (principal) sent one schedule. -Visited by H.-B. in 1885. It is easily understood why it is not -a good station, notwithstanding the favourable description of -light. The light is 346 feet above the sea, and does not face -clear to eastward except upon the horizon, a great cliff top -intercepting the downward rays at a distance of at least 100 yards -from the tower.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">- 15 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Holborn Head.</i>—No return. Visited by H.-B. in 1885. The -position is decidedly bad, being quite too land-locked both to -east and west. I had a long chat with Mr Charles Christian, -the second light-keeper, but did not see Mr Charleston, the -principal. Mr Christian told me that not a bird has appeared -at the lights since he came last year in May. He was at Cantick -Head, another station utterly unfrequented by birds.—(Extract -from H.-B.'s Journal.)</p> - -<p><i>Noss Head.</i>—No return. Visited by H.-B. in 1885. Mr -Greig (principal) has been here eleven years, and reported that -scarcely a land-bird has ever been known to strike the dome or -light, or "been observed on migration day or night" (<i>sic</i>). Noss -Head Light lies open to the N.N.E., E.S.E., and S.S.E., and is -only 175 feet above the sea (Pentland Skerries Light is 170 -feet, and Isle of May 240 feet); and no land interruptions -occur. Nevertheless, it utterly fails to attract birds, as, indeed, -do most stations with an abrupt and precipitous coast, for -reasons which we think are almost self-evident.—(See General -Remarks.)</p> - -<p><i>Cromarty.</i>—Robt. S. Ritson (principal) sends one schedule. -He says: "No birds struck lantern during the year. Rather -more birds observed than in 1884. Pervading winds were again -westerly from January to April, but between May and October -easterly; but the change of wind brought no accessions of birds. -Land-locked station.</p> - -<p><i>Chanonry.</i>—John M'Gill (principal) and Wm. Irvine (assistant) -send one light schedule, and the remarks: "There is no -difference from the remarks of other years. The migration this -year seems to be for the purposes of feeding. No certain -migration observable." Mr M'Gill, however, goes on to say; -"The Sand Martins, when congregated on Major M'Kenzie's -yacht-rigging from the bowsprit up to the mast, and down to -the end of the jib-boom, made a curious sight, when lying at -anchor." This was on the 24th August 1885.</p> - -<p><i>Bell Rock.</i>—James Jack (principal) sends as usual carefully -and well-filled schedules, quite among the best received. Under -date of 16th October, at the time of a rush, Mr Jack has the -following general remarks: "Birds began to arrive at 7.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, -striking lightly and flying off again; unable to tell of what -species. Numbers went on increasing till midnight, when it<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">- 16 -</span> -seemed that a vast flock had arrived, as they now swarmed in -the rays of light, and, striking hard, fell dead on balcony, or -rebounded off and went over the rail, falling into the sea. At -3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> another flock seemed to have arrived, as the numbers now -increased in density; at the same time, all kinds crowded on to -the lantern windows, trying to force their way to the light. -The noise they made shrieking and battering the windows, etc., -baffles description. The birds were now apparently in thousands. -Nothing ever seen here like it by us keepers. Wherever there -was a light visible in the building, they tried to force their -way to it. The bedroom windows being open as usual for -air all night, they got in there and put the bedroom light out. -All birds went off at 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, going W.S.W. Redwings were most -in numbers; Starlings came next. Blackbirds, Fieldfares, and -Larks." The later rush in November seems to have taken place -entirely at night also: "No birds were seen throughout the daylight -of the 11th and 12th November, and the movement ceased -at midnight of the 12th," when the wind became strong from -S.W. All birds visiting here between October 18 till December -12 were composed of both old and young, also male and female; -but young birds most in number. Many hundreds lost their -lives.</p> - -<p><i>Inchkeith.</i>—Robt. Grierson sends a schedule with the following -diary: "During the night of the 5th September a small -flock of birds was observed hovering around the lantern at 11 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, wind W., light breeze and haze, and two young Stonechats -were caught." At midnight, also, two more; and other small -movements are given.</p> - -<p><i>Fidra.</i>—William Ross. Arrival of the Solan Geese noted -on March 27; also Eider Ducks. Mr Ross sends two well-filled -schedules, but is disappointed with the results. He need not -we think, as Fidra lies somewhat land-locked and out of the -stream. We are much obliged to him for the first Schedules -from the new Firth of Forth Station. Mr Ross writes under -date of July 24: "Solan Geese, Gulls, and all sea birds have -deserted our island entirely. About a dozen sparrows are now -our only feathered visitors;" and on Aug. 4th—"Having been -on the mainland, I was quite surprised to see the numerous and -varied flocks of many kinds of birds, not one of which came -near our island."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">- 17 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Isle of May.</i>—J. Agnew (principal), Messrs Young and -Anderson (assistants), send twenty full schedules, indicating a -very heavy migration, past this favoured isle. At present a -staff of men are busy putting in electric light machinery here. -It will be curious to watch the result next season.</p> - -<p>New occurrences continually turn up at Isle of May, and this -year we have to record amongst rarities and acquisitions the -Common Dotterel (<i>Endromias morinellus</i>, L.), the Red Backed -Shrike (<i>Lanius collurio</i>), and Ortolan Bunting (<i>Emberiza hortulana</i>)—two -specimens obtained. Also Turtle Dove (<i>Columba -turtur</i>, L.)—one shot; and the Dipper was obtained for the first -time, though it had been seen before, as stated in previous -reports. It proved to be the British form. Specimens of these -are added to the collection at Isle of May. We gave earlier -notice of the first three above enumerated, in the <i>Proceedings -of the Royal Physical Society</i>, Edinburgh, as we belong to -that class of naturalists who do not believe in withholding facts -until they become rusty. To do so may be useful for selfish -motives and personal <i>kudos</i>, but is not calculated to promote -further study, and is, indeed, calculated to delay it.</p> - -<p>Continuous E. winds at the beginning of May caused a vast -rush on 2d to 4th May of many species. Mr Agnew writes: -"The long tact of S.E. wind has brought an extraordinary -'rush' of birds to the island yesterday (on the 3d) and to-day; -the night of the 2d, and all day of the 3d, was constant rain -and fog. For a day or two previous to the 3d, we had a few -birds, and some strangers; but they were only the heralds of -the great army. I have seen something like it in the 'fall,' but -never in the spring. These last two days we have 'birds; -birds everywhere.' I think I have identified them all, except -the three mentioned inside. If you had been here to-day, -what a bag you would have made."—Signed J. A., 4th May -1885.</p> - -<p>In the schedule Mr Agnew says:—</p> - -<p>"3d May.—An extraordinary rush of migrants to-day; never -seen anything like it in spring. To attempt to give numbers is -simply useless. I will just give you the names in succession. -I can't spare a line for each.—Fieldfares, Redwings, Ring Ouzels, -Blackbirds, Lapwings, Dotterels, Rock Pigeons, Hawk, Meadow -Pipits, Redstarts, Whinchats, Tree Sparrows, Yellow Wagtails,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">- 18 -</span> -Ortolan Bunting (obtained), Robins, Chiff-Chaffs, Wood Warbler, -Black Cap Warbler, Marsh Tit, Whitethroats, and Pied Flycatchers." -And on 4th still increased in numbers, but wind -shifted this morning to E. from S.E.</p> - -<p>Mr Agnew mentions also "a bird" he has "often reported," -a "grey bird with a white feather each side of the tail, and -larger than a pipit, kind of slate colour, light streak through -eye, black hood over its head." And another; "colour of Tree -Sparrow, but smaller grey white belly, slate-coloured head; -never seen the latter before."</p> - -<p>In autumn Mr Agnew says: "Up to 14th October migration -was very meagre,—something like last year, and from -the same cause; gales of wind from the W. and N.E. That -we have any at all shows how determined the birds are to -keep their usual time of migration, even when under great difficulties."</p> - -<p>Under date of Oct. 17th—"A great rush of migrants at Isle -of May "—Mr Agnew has the remarks: "The Woodcock was -killed on the S.E. side, and the other birds on the N.W. side. -Thus the migrants have been exactly meeting one another; -and this is just as I would have expected,—the Woodcocks -<i>coming</i> to us, and the others <i>leaving</i> us. It would appear as if -they were all waiting a favourable opportunity to go. Seventeen -Woodcocks were shot during the day on the 17th Oct. on -Isle of May."—J. A. The birds striking the N.W. side consisted -of Redwings, Larks, Starlings, Blackbirds, Chaffinches, -Whinchats, Chiff-Chaffs, Willow Warblers, Golden Crests, one -Crow, and the rush continued over the 18th. These birds, -striking the N.W. side, no doubt reached our shores further -north, and were "coasting," or, as we have remarked in previous -reports (as in the case of Woodpigeons and Larks), were crossing -the Firth of Forth from north-westerly directions to southeasterly -ones. The wind at the time of this migration was light -E. The Woodcock would thus travel at fair advantage, and -strike the S.E. side; and the other birds which struck the N.W. -would have a still more favourable flight, with the wind <i>beam -on the left shoulders</i>.</p> - -<p>We consider these remarks by Mr Agnew most valuable, as -bearing out previous experience in a remarkable manner.</p> - -<p>Again, under date of 10th Nov., Mr Agnew writes: "Thousands<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">- 19 -</span> -of Fieldfares, etc., etc. The vast rush to-day were flying -exactly in the same direction as the great rush of the 17th -Oct., and had it been at night, the lantern would have been -swarming, and they would have struck it exactly on the N.W. -side as before; wind S., but very nearly calm. The birds were -flying high in the air; a few lighted, but immediately went on -again direct S.E. I never saw anything like it in daylight -before. There were also blackbirds, male and female, on the -island to-day, but the males predominating."</p> - -<p>Again, on the 26th Nov., Mr Agnew writes: "10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, S.E. -gale. Two Woodcocks shot. This gale came on at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> on -the 23d, and is still increasing, and the glass falling. It is now -4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, and the glass 29·05. There has been nothing like this -from the S.E. for years. The barometer fell to 28·65 on the -night of the 26th."</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Separate Report under Genera and Species.</span></h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Turdidæ.</span>—<i>Spring.</i>—In February indication of Fieldfares on -23d and 26th, and with S.W. gale at Isle of May on 22d, -23d, and 27th, an unusual experience here to appear so -frequently as they have done. A few also appeared 2d, 3d, -4th, and a good many on 9th, with N.W. winds. Again a few -March 15th, 18th, and 24th at Isle of May. In April, only one -record. Isle of May; but in May, flocks and stragglers for first -three weeks at Pentland Skerries; prevailing winds, N.E.; -no very strongly defined "rush," only on one day, flocks at -Isle of May. A few unimportant movements of other <i>Turdidæ</i>, -<i>viz.</i>, Song Thrush, Redwing at Stations VII., VIII., XIV., and -XXVII. The Ring Ouzel is noted at Pentland Skerries, but -marked as "very rare here" (20th April), and again May 2d -and onwards for several days.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—An early movement of Song Thrushes, July 4th -and 17th, at Pentland Skerries; wind variable on 4th, and light -N.W. on 17th, and one bird at Isle of May on 27th. Unimportant -again at Isle of May in Aug. 13th and 18th, and ditto -in September at same station. <i>First</i> Fieldfares on 29th, with -light W. wind; but in October real migration set in of <i>Turdidæ</i>, -earliest as usual at Isle of May; on 8th a Fieldfare (wind -shifting from N. to S.W.) followed by a single bird. First<span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">- 20 -</span> -record of Redwing again at Pentland Skerries, with light N.N.E. -airs, an apparent rush of which at same place between 26th and -31st. Flocks and intermittent movements all the month from -8th to end, of all three species. November, however, bulks -largest from Stations IV,, VII., VIII., IX., X., XIV., XV., and -XXVII., during the whole month. Fieldfares predominating far -beyond the numbers of other <i>Turdidæ</i>. Whilst many "flocks" -are recorded all through the schedules south of VIII. (N. Ronaldshay) -to XIV. (Pentland Skerries), and even appearances at -XV, (Dunnet Head), fewer records are given north of VIII., -and none occur between XV. and XXVII. (Isle of May). A -rush is only very decidedly shown at Isle of May on 10th, -when thousands of Fieldfares and other Thrushes round station -at 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, with a S. wind, and flew on southwards. On the -17th there is a "rush" recorded of Redwings at XXVII. -at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, light E. haze—six killed. Immense numbers of the -several species of <i>Turdidæ</i>,—<i>viz.</i>, Fieldfares, Song Thrushes, -Redwings, but curiously we do not find a single entry of Blackbirds -anywhere during the whole Autumn Migration, which -extended all through December and January, though in smaller -numbers as compared with November. Prevailing wind all -October, northerly and easterly; south-easterly and easterly in -November, but the rush came with due S. wind. When westerly -winds occurred, as usual fewer records. In December, winds -various, but more westerly than November, but in January again -back to E.<a id="FNanchor_3" href="#Footnote_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_3" href="#FNanchor_3" class="label">[3]</a> <i>Addition to List of Birds of the Isle of May.</i>—Dipper (<i>Cinclus aquaticus</i>, L.), -the British form—shot April 22d, 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, light west haze—now in Collection -at Isle of May, under curatorship of Mr J. Agnew.</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="smcap">Saxicolinæ.</span>—<i>Spring</i>, confined to April and May. Records -from VIII. (North Ronaldshay), XIV. (Pentland Skerries), and -XXVII. (Isle of May) of Wheatears, Whinchats, and Redstarts. -The "Stonechats" of the N. Ronaldshay Schedule are probably -Wheatears, a rush of which took place there on April 4th—the -earliest record—at twelve noon; wind light south. Wheatears -arrived pretty numerously at XXVI I. , to breed there, on 20th -April. Earliest Redstart at XIV., with strong S.S.E. wind and -fog, marked "rare," on 29th April; but earliest at XXVII. -on the 18th, one [male], light west, and haze. Towards the end of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">- 21 -</span> -May Redstarts appeared in very small numbers; again at -XIV., and two Whinchats.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Early departure of the old Wheatears from -XXVII. (Isle of May), before 22d July. This is noted as -earlier than usual by Mr Agnew. One bird noted at XIV. -(Pentland Skerries) on 23d August, with N.N.E. and driving -rain.</p> - -<p>Earliest southward movement of Redstart at XIV. on 14th -August—a single bird—wind N.W.; seen on island. At IV. -(N. Unst) a "rush" of Redstarts and Wheatears at night, wind -light S.W., on 9th September. At XXVII. a few old males on -18th September, followed by mixed old and young on following -day. Redstarts at IV. on 3d October, and a rush of Whinchats -at Isle of May at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>—wind S.E., haze. Single record of -Whinchat in November at XXVII., and "Stonechats" at -XXVIII. B. The new station of Fidra, in the Firth of Forth, -a single bird. On 22d July most of the old Wheatears had left -Isle of May—"an early date for them to leave."—J. A.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Silviinæ.</span>—<i>In Spring</i>, earliest Robin record on 13th and 17th -February at XXVII. (Isle of May)—"the first for a long time." -Latest spring record, also at XXVII., on 15th May. Most seen -on 13th April, at XXVII., N.N.E.; and several all day on -XIV. (Pentland Skerries), strong S.E., on 8th April. Cromarty -sends one return of Robin on 2d May. <i>Willow Warbler</i>—earliest, -29th April, at Isle of May; and Wood Warbler at -same place on 2d May, with strong S.E., fog and rain. <i>Whitethroat</i> -at Isle of May, with light S. and S.E., between 13th -and 24th—an indication of a rush lighting on S.E. side of lantern, -with light N.W., and rain on 24th.</p> - -<p><i>Autumn.</i>—Species observed were Robin and Whitethroat; -Robin most prevalent, Whitethroat next. Earliest Robin at -N. Unst, 26th July; latest, 28th November, at I. of Fidra -(but as this might only be local, take latest at Dunnet on 14th, -or Isle of May on 12th). If any rush noticeable, about the 17th -September.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Phylloscopinæ.</span>—Gold Crests are recorded in April 12th -and 13th, and 20th and 23d at XXVII.; few on the two first -dates, rush on the last, with W.S.W., and fog and drizzling -rain. No other records from any part of E. Coast in any -spring month. Wood Warblers, 8th to 24th May; a "great<span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">- 22 -</span> -rush" all night on the 9th, with snow and hail showers, and -wind N.W. to N.E.; and again all night on 18th, with rain, -hail, and snow from N.E. [We can remember, on the 10th -May, snow lay on the banks of Spey two inches deep at Aberlour.—J. A. H. B.] -Two Chiff-Chaffs are also noted on 20th. -All the above at XXVII. (Isle of May), and no other spring -records of Phylloscopinæ.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Earliest Chiff-Chaff, 27th July, at XXVII., -11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, E., light fog; and again between the 12th and 24th -August. Numbers on 13th, and number of males on 24th. -On 13th, N.W. wind, strong, clear. Also, on 15th, a <i>Willow -Warbler</i>—light haze, struck S.E. side, light W. wind; and a -<i>Wood Warbler</i> on the 24th—a fine male. In September, a -single Willow Warbler from N. Unst, light N.W., on 15th; -and a few <i>Gold Crests</i> at XXVII. on 1st, and again on 17th -and 19th—the latter amongst the rocks on the E. side—light -S.W. A rush of Chiff-Chaffs on 17th October at XXVII., light -E., haze and rain—and Willow Warbler; and then, on 18th and -19th, Gold Crests all night. Latest date of autumn migration -of Phylloscopinæ is of Chiff-Chaffs, on November 4th, at -XXVII.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Accentorinæ.</span>—The only records are in October 1885, at -XXVII., on 7th and 19th. Two or three pairs are breeding -there this summer, and of late years it has become resident, -"a good few having been here all the winter."—J. A.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Acrocephalinæ.</span>—In September, on the 5th, between 8 and -10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, there was a rush of many species over the island of -XXVII., amongst which were Reed and Sedge Warblers striking, -also Whitethroats. [What were named with a query -"Immature Blue-Throated Warblers" turned out to be immature -Redstarts—J. A. H. B.] Of the Reed Warblers recorded, -when asked, Mr Agnew, distinguishing from the Sedge -Warbler, says: "I have your card about the Reed Warblers, -and should they appear again, I will try and procure -specimens; but there seems no doubt as to their presence -here during the rush of Warblers reported in the last -Schedule."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Troglodytidæ.</span>—Autumn of 1884, a few still seen on Isle of -May in beginning of January 1885. Spring of 1885, one at -XXVII. (Isle of May) on 10th, and at XIV. (Pentland Skerries)<span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">- 23 -</span> -reported as being about the rocks there all winter.<a id="FNanchor_4" href="#Footnote_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> At VII. -(Sumburgh Head), one all day going about dykes—no doubt, a -resident of the adjoining mainland. (A "Yellow Wren," also -at same place, may be either Willow <i>Wren</i> or <i>Willow Warbler</i>, -or a Gold Crest?) This was on 31st March.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_4" href="#FNanchor_4" class="label">[4]</a> It does not appear whether the Wren is resident in Pentland Skerries every -winter, but it was certainly so in 1884-5. (See above.)</p> - -</div> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Earliest record at Pentland Skerries, September -20th, seen in garden. In October, records from N. Unst, 27th—S.W., -light breeze (!!), clear—flying round rocks. [<i>N.B.</i>—This -record seems to us to make it very desirable that specimens of -the Common Wrens, or their feet and wings, but better the -whole birds, be sent us for examination from this Station. We -would like to see specimens, shot or otherwise, obtained in -summer, and also specimens obtained in October or during the -Autumn Migration. It might settle a very interesting question. -A little carbolic acid would preserve them quite well, if dried -after in the sun, or in the oven, or gradually in the kitchen.] -A good few records run through October, but no large numbers—at -Unst (XIV.) and XXVII.; and the same remark applies in -November. The last noted is in January 1886 at XXVII.—"a -few"—and the one before, at XIV., on 27th December, "seen -on island." It is always remarkable to observe the near proximities -of dates between occurrences at Isle of May and Pentland -Skerries.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Motacillidæ.</span>—The only month in the year, from January -to December, in which no return is made by Wagtails, is July -1885. All the entries are under "Wagtail." [<i>N.B.</i>—We would -like to receive a good many Wagtails from all Stations in every -month if possible. A little carbolic acid would preserve them.]</p> - -<p>The <i>first</i> spring Wagtail is recorded at XXVII. (Isle of May) on -24th February, S.W. The last at same place on May 23d, but -the species breeds there. April is the busiest month in Wagtails. -A "rush" at N. Ronaldshay on April 4th. Next last -date is at Fidra (XXVIII. B.), flying about feeding. A record -from Dunnet Head says; "1st May.—Wagtails seen daily till -end of July; breed about the cliffs," etc. The <i>Yellow Wagtail</i> -is recorded from XXVII. on 8th May. If it had a black breast -and very long tail, its right name is "Grey Wagtail," though -yellow. If short tail, and very bright yellow, it is the true<span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">- 24 -</span> -<i>Yellow Wagtail, or Rays'</i>, a much rarer bird in Scotland. Was -it the same as one Mr G. E. P. and H.-B. shot on Isle of May in -October 1884?</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—"Wagtails" begin to be observed on 17th July -at XIV., and in about equal numbers in August (three dates in -each month). Increase a little in September, and show indication -of movement at XXVII. on 26th and 29th (old and young -on 26th, and mostly old on 29th), only four dates at XIV. and -XXVII., two at each. Two dates in October at XXVIII.; 1st -and 8th unimportant; and three in December at same place—24th, -20th, and 26th. Noted, "These are extraordinary occurrences;" -and the one on 25th, "had very little white upon it."—J. Agnew.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Motacillidæ 2.</span>—Pipits.—First Spring Meadow Pipits at -XXVII.—a single bird; light N.E., clear on 10th March, and -"a number" on 18th; gale from W. for two days. Wind changed -to N.E. at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> In April, at XXVI. (Bell Rock), on 17th and -18th; wind S.E., fog. <i>Rock Pipits.</i>—At XXVII. (Isle of May), -an increase over residents observed on 4th April, and more -arrived to breed on 20th. Further increase on 2d May.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Meadow Pipit ("Mosscheeper") at N. Unst, -7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; fresh N.W[1]. breeze and showers; and at XXVII. "mostly -left" by 14th. A rush on 9th September of "Mosscheepers" -at IV. (N. Unst) at night; wind S.W., light haze. Also at X. -Ronaldshay "a number" of Rock Pipits arrived on 4th September, -"and remain all winter." At XXVII., old and young -mixed on 19th September. Last record of Meadow Pipits at -IV., 1st November, and of Rock Pipits at XXVI. (Bell Rock), on -22d November.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Laniadæ.</span>—One Red-Backed Shrike at XXVII. on 5th May, -1·9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; light N.E., clear, <i>obtained</i>;—<i>in mus.</i>, Isle of May.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Muscicapidæ.</span>—<i>Spring.</i>—Earliest at XXVII. On May 1st -and 2d, three <i>Pied Flycatchers</i> arrived at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> on 1st, stayed -2d, and others seen till 6th or 7th—a good number; wind S.E., -haze and rain. Also on 2d, several all day resting on XIV. -(Pentland Skerries). Numbers again on 20th and 21st at same -place, and numbers, also including one old male, on 23d, and up -to 24th. No other records in spring.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—One female Pied Flycatcher, at XIV.; light E., -and thick haze. On 3d, numbers all day. At XXVII., some<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">- 25 -</span> -on 24th October; strong E., clear. <i>Spotted Flycatcher</i> at XXVII. -One seen 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; strong S.W., clear.</p> - -<p><i>Addition to Isle of May, as above.</i>—Red-Backed Shrike (<i>L. -collurio</i>, L.), May 5th, 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; light N.E., clear. Shot;—<i>in mus.</i>, -Isle of May, Curator, J. Agnew.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Hirundinidæ.</span>—<i>Spring.</i>—Very heavy returns of Swallows, -commencing lightly on 10th April; a few seen at N. Ronaldshay; -E.N.E., light clear; and on the 19th, at XXVII., one with -the remark, "this is early." First seen at XXVIII. B. (Fidra) -on 24th. At X. (Auskerry) "flocks remain till 14th June;" -came with S.E.S. and N.E. winds. Records numerous from X., -XIV., XV., XIX., XXVII., and XXVIII. B. First seen at XIV. -on 14th May. No great appearance of a "rush." Seen more -or less all June at Pentland Skerries and Isle of May, but no -June records from other stations.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—5th July at XIV., and of Martins 6th to 12th -and 16th. One Swallow at Isle of May on 14th. All August -Martins and Swallows, and a "rush" of latter at XXVII. on 24th; -light W., clear. <i>Latest.</i>—One Swallow and one Martin at -XXVII. on 7th October.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Fringillidæ.</span>—Every month in the year, more or less of -different species, as follows, in order of greatest numbers: Grey -and Green Linnets in February, March, April, and again in -June; and House and Tree Sparrows in May, and odd ones of -the former during the other spring months. Chaffinches scarce, -and single records in February, March, April, May; one each -month, all at XXVII. (Isle of May). Twenty Tree Sparrows in -a flock, at XXVII., on 29th May; and daily large flock of -Sparrows at Fidra on 16th and 23d. Sparrow "rare" on XIV., -seen April 23d.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Large flock of Heather Linties (Twites) at -Start Point all the month of July. Grey Linnets (or perhaps -these are Twites?) at XIV. (Pentland Skerries), 27th July. In -August, Sparrows at N. Unst; N.N.W., fog. Grey Linnets (or -Twites?) at XIV,, end of August; N.E. Only one record in -September at XIV.; none elsewhere, but October bulks larger. -Only stations sending any returns are XIV. and XXVII. in -October. Movement slack in first week, bulking largest 16th -and 17th. Rush of <i>Chaffinches</i>, <i>Linnets</i>, a few <i>Redpoles</i> on 14th, -and a few <i>Siskins</i> on 30th October.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">- 26 -</span></p> - -<p><i>In November, up to 23d.</i>—Chaffinches at N. Unst on 3d—light -N.W., rain—and on 4th at XXVII. Green Linnets at N. -Unst on 19th November, and at VII. (Sumburgh Head) on 12th. -Numbers on 5th at XIV. all day, fresh W., clear; and also on -XXVII., same day, a few; light W., clear. Latest record of -Green Linnets, December 18th; but Grey Linnets on 18th -January 1886, and Redpoles (three) on 23d, at XXVII.</p> - -<p>We have overlooked also a few stray records of "Bramblings" -on 6th and 7th April, at XXVII.; strong E. winds.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Emberizidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring</i>, Snow Buntings. One seen on -February 7th at XXVII., and five on 27th; a number on 20th -March at N. Ronaldshay on the island. Gale: sleet—twenty-three -struck and seven killed. In April two flying about the -rocks at Sumburgh Head on 6th—<i>the</i> latest record of the species -in spring.</p> - -<p>One <i>Reed Bunting</i> at Pentland Skerries on February 27th; S. -gale and haze on island. Few records of Yellow Bunting in -February and March, and at XXVII. equally scarce. Only occasional -also in April anywhere, and same to June. <i>Common</i> -Bunting, first single bird at XIV. on 18th; odd records till June -on six dates till that time. Winds prevailing from N.E. -through E. to S.E. (very likely local movements).</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Snow Buntings returned only from XIV. and -XXVII. in October, but in November at IV., VII., VIII., X., -XIV., XV., XXVII. all through the month, but not heavily as -compared with other years. Rush at VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), -with S.E. gale; "flocks" frequent at XIV., XV., not abundant -at XXVII. during November. In September, a few odd records -only at VII. (Sumburgh Head) and XXVII. (Isle of May). No -records later than November 28th. One record of Common -Bunting at XIV. on 13th November. No records in autumn of -any other species.</p> - -<p><i>Addition to Isle of May List.</i>—Ortolan Buntings: Two specimens—one -shot 12.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; light S.E., clear, thick fog and heavy -rain all night. Named by Mr Agnew correctly.—J. A. H. B. -Mr Agnew adds under 29th May: "There are two Ortolan -Buntings, three Tree Sparrows, and one female Redstart on the -island since the 23d April."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Alaudidæ.</span>—<i>Spring Migration.</i>—In February records from -XIV. and XXVII. only; one single bird from the former on<span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">- 27 -</span> -14th, but a rush at the latter on 17th, at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Light E., rain and -haze; three killed. Continuing in numbers on 18th, four killed -and many wounded. Curiously no records from Bell Rock on -these dates or in this month. Likely the wind too much due -E. Fewer on 26th, but an increase again on 27th. At Bell Rock, -however, one bird on 15th, and three on 19th only. Stragglers -only from the direct wave. We are more than ever convinced -of the influence of the wave from Heligoland <i>not</i> extending -much beyond Isle of May and Bell Rock. A new light will -soon be on the light vessel of the Carr Rock, off the East Neuk -of Fife; and we are in hopes that a good observer will be -stationed there, who has had personal experience and knowledge -of birds before. On 13th March only one record at -Bell Rock; on 11th only two at XXVII. and one at Pentland -Skerries.</p> - -<p>In April "Crested Larks" are entered, and a previous entry -of the same is given on March 11th, both from XXVII. (Isle of -May. [We would like to have examined these, and added the -<i>real</i> Crested Lark to the Isle of May Museum.] Not many -records in April.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—A few flying round the light on 24th August -at N. Unst. Desultory movements at N. Unst in September.</p> - -<p>In October about the 15th, 16th, 18th, an appearance of a -"rush," or an actual "rush" on 18th at VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), -and on 14th at XXVII. (Isle of May). At former 40 struck. -E.S.E. wind. At latter "large numbers," with a S.W. gale, -sleet. These no doubt are blown <i>off the land</i>. Latest date 18th. -But reports in newspapers of immense gatherings of Larks near -Dundee, St Andrews, and Midlothian and elsewhere, in January -and again in March, being only, no doubt, local congregations -caused by frost and snow in Scotland.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sturninæ.</span>—All returns for spring light. Earliest, February -9th at XXVII., and 11th at XIV. From 16th to 20th -light returns, flock on 18th. By the 11th March breeding birds -had arrived and taken up their haunts on XXVII., and about -the same time an odd bird or two were seen resting on rocks of -XXVI. (Bell Rock). Wind light westerly. As no records -occur at Bell Rock at any other time in spring this year, even -these odd birds occurring just at the time of arrivals elsewhere -are significant perhaps of the general movement, these birds no<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">- 28 -</span> -doubt having overshot the land. Odd records in April at Fidra; -a pair breeding there in May.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Earliest movement noticed at XXVII. "Large -flocks of young birds, strangers." No records anywhere in -September. In October movements noted at IV, (N. Unst) -between 11th and 25th. On 11th flocks flying east, with light -S.E. wind and haze. Only one record at XXVI. (Bell Rock) on -8th October. Rush decided at XXVII. on 17th, with strong E., -rain and haze; two killed. Small movements at IV, VII, (Sumburgh -Head), and XXVII. in November, and a few up to end -of January 1886.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Corvidæ.</span>—Earliest spring record of Rooks at XIV. (Pentland -Skerries). Strong N.W. wind on 28th February. Rooks are -recorded from the following stations:—VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), -XIV, XXVII. (Isle of May); but all returns are very light -indeed. In the first week in March a slight rush apparent at -Sumburgh Head of Black and Hooded Crows—on 1st 50, on 6th -18, light N. to N.E.; and a few almost every day at XXVII. at -same time. Records of Carrion and Hooded Crows are from -VII. (Sumburgh Head), VIII., XIV., and XXVII. Earliest 1st -March; latest 29th April. From three or four to eight or ten -daily; long straggling migration.</p> - -<p><i>Jackdaws</i> at XIV. on 25th, and 26th two, light W.N.W,, clear; -and at same place seven on 8th June and one on 13th, no doubt -visitors from either the Caithness coast or from Orkney.</p> - -<p><i>Autumn.</i>—Similar movements of <i>Black Crows</i> at IV, on 30th -July, and at XIV. on 20th, 26th, two or three each time, Carrion -Crows and Hooded Crows reported in autumn from IV., VIII., -XIV., XXVII., XXVIII. B. (Fidra) in a pretty continuous and -steady, though never heavy, stream, massing largest at IV. and -at XIV., two, three, four, to once twelve (on 11th September at -IV.) being the daily number observed. Dating from 1st record, -26th July, at XIV., to latest record, January 26th, 1886, one -bird at XXVII., with easterly and northerly gale. <i>Rooks</i>—Infinitesimal -movement; only two records, one in June and -one in December, both at IV. <i>Ravens</i>—Small number. Two -at IV. on 22d August, eight at IV. on 5th September, strong E., -haze, feeding on rock; and two on 20th October at same place. -Four <i>Jackdaws</i> stopped a few days at N. Ronaldshay from the -6th November.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">- 29 -</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cypselidæ.</span>—At N. (Auskerry) flocks of Swifts seen on 1st -May, with the note "rarely seen till the middle of June, wind -N. and N.E., showers." Again seen at XXVII. on June 5th and -17th. We ourselves witnessed a party of Swifts migrating -close along the cliff-edge of Holborn Head, on the N. coast of -Caithness—"seven seen flying E., swiftly careering above the -cliff-edge of Holborn, and crossing in a direct line the Bay of -Thurso" (extract from Journal, 28th June 1885). We witnessed -also eight evidently still bent on migration, "flying in a -bee-line down Strathspey, high in air, at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, near Black -Boats station. Clouds, heavy rains, showers, and N.W. wind" -(<i>loc. cit.</i>, May 16th, 1885). There is undoubtedly a great highway -of migration up and down the valley of the Spey, We -have abundant evidence of it.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">In Autumn.</span>—One record at IV. Two seen on 11th September, -light S., clear.</p> - -<p><a id="Wryneck"></a><span class="smcap">Jynginæ.</span>—Mr Agnew very ably describes the Wryneck as -follows, and it was afterwards identified and added to collection, -and the tail, which had been shot away, was recovered afterwards -by chance by Mr Wm. Evans, and restored to the specimen. Mr -Agnew writes, and we give it as showing how accurately to -describe a bird for purposes of identification:</p> - -<p>"One bird, total stranger; very like a Partridge in markings; -size of a Lark; 4 toes on feet, 2 before and 2 behind; fore toes -largest; one of the hind toes not so large as the other; bill -about the size of a Pipit's; tongue protruding more than an inch, -thickly covered with fine hairs; ¼-inch of the tip horn, sharp as -a needle. Don't know what it is unless Ant-eater. Very sorry -tail shot away. Sent to Small for the Collection."—J. Agnew.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cuculidæ.</span>—April 26th, an early date of arrival, flew low -from Dirleton woods towards XXVIII. B. (Fidra); light S. -breeze. In May, on 10th, at Cromarty, fresh N.E., showers; on -16th at XXVII., fresh W.N.W.; and on 28th at same station, -moderate S.W., clear. No autumn records.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Strigidæ.</span>—No spring returns. <i>In Autumn.</i>—Short-Eared -Owls recorded from XXVII. (Isle of May), one of 9th October, 6 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.W.; one 14th, N.E. gale; and one <i>shot</i> on 31st. The only -other record is at IX. (Start Point), when "an Owl made its -first appearance on the 6th November."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Falconidæ.</span>—Hawks, Sparrow Hawks, large Hawks, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">- 30 -</span> -Kestrel bulk pretty regularly, mostly, however, single birds at -XIV. and XXVII. in spring. Many daily records no doubt -refer to the same bird seen over and over again, especially when -such relate to Sparrow Hawks and Kestrels. Such visits are no -doubt only of local origin. "Large Hawks" at XXVII. are not -Peregrine Falcons, as such are well known to Mr Agnew, but -probably Buzzards or Harriers. One shot on 11th April unfortunately -fell into the sea and was not recovered. A "Dark-Brown -Hawk" also noted on 11th March at Isle of May.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—In August many local visits paid to flights of -small birds at most insular stations sending returns, especially -at IV., X., XIV., and XXVII. Falcons, Hawks, "large and -small," few in September, none in October recorded, and a few in -November. In former years three Eagles used to be seen -regularly; are now believed to have been killed out at IV., -and we know that orders and rewards have been given to -the gamekeeper there for their destruction, as well as all -"vermin."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Pelecanidæ.</span>—Solan Geese.—Commencing in spring on 26th -March, three seen flying east at XIV, strong N. wind. We -may state here that winds seem to affect their passage very -little at all times. Began to appear flying N. past VIII. (N. -Ronaldshay) on April 18th, and flying east past XIV, 14th, -15th, and 20th—winds S.W. to S.S.E., and back to S.W., on the -three dates respectively. An April "flock," and "flocks all -day," by the 26th. Before that, usually in afternoons, and not -in forenoons. In June "the number of Gannets flying, usually -N. past VIII., increasing;" 10th, 19th, 20th, 25th, "flock," -"flocks," "several flocks," "three." July to September, constant -in "flights" of two to twelve. On September 4th, in -haze and fog, flying N. past XIV., and always N. past VIII. -Going E. still in October, few in November, and two records in -December "seen fishing."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Ardeidæ.</span>—At XIX. (Cromarty) seen on shore, 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, calm, haze. -Two records in April at Cromarty and Fidra (XXVIII. B.); one -in May at XXVII. (Isle of May); two in July—12th and 22d—flying -N.E. at XIV.; three to six records in September at XIX. -(Cromarty) and XIV.; one in October at XXVII.; and two -records at XIV. and XXVII.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Anatidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring.</i>—Between 2d and 19th February, a flock<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">- 31 -</span> -of "Barnacle Geese" seen almost daily flying E. at different -hours of forenoon and afternoon; and on 6th and 25th two -flocks. Wind usually N. and E., except on 8th, 9th, and 10th, -when it was westerly. The above at XIX. (Cromarty). I -heard from other sources of the unusual quantities of Brent -Geese in the Cromarty Firth and elsewhere on the East Coast -this season—<i>i.e.</i>, 1884-85—and also in 1885-86. The Geese at -XIX. continued to be observed on April 10th and 14th, 1885, -but not later.</p> - -<p>Of <i>Swans</i>, only one record at VIII. (N. Ronaldshay), when -six seen.</p> - -<p>Of <i>Eider Ducks</i>, two flocks at XXVII.—light S.E., clear—on -2d March; and by 16th April most of the Eiders left. On 4th -April flock of fifty males and females, about equal in number, -at XXVII. This lot left on 6th; numerous again on 20th; but -breeding birds and a few about XXVIII. B. (Fidra) on 26th -April. In May, on 7th, 10th, and 16th, three males and three -females all day about island, and continued till 21st—breeding, -no doubt. Long-Tailed Duck, 3, 2 [male] and 1 [female], at XXVII. -on 26th February 1885 (only record). A few Wild Ducks at -XXVIII. B. on 28th April. "Stock Ducks."—Two at XIV. on -2d May, where they breed. Three "King Ducks" are noted -at Isle of May, and the note "different from Eider" added -on 31st May 1885, and "had a white spot on the black -wings." (?)</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—We have records of Swans, Teal Duck, Stock -Ducks, Ducks, Eider Ducks (or Dunters), Wild-drake, Barnacle -Geese, and Widgeon. Stations returning are—VIII. (North -Ronaldshay), returning "number of Ducks of different kinds, as -Widgeons, Teal," and Eider Ducks "made appearance in great -numbers" on 10th and 15th September respectively. At -XIV., by far the largest returns of Ducks of sorts greatest in -September. XIX.—"Barnacle" (?) Geese on 18th October.</p> - -<p>At XXVII., record of Eiders, "all young birds except one old -male," on 2d December; and latest record at XIV. of a flock -near the rocks on 27th.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Columbidæ.</span>—At XXVII. (Isle of May), a Turtle Dove shot -on the 29th May—wind W., light, clear. "This bird had been -severely wounded before."—J. A. A vast rush of Wood -Pigeons is noted at XXVII. on November 29th, flying S.W. in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">- 32 -</span> -countless thousands, making a rushing noise like a railway -train. The wind after the great S.E. gale.<a id="FNanchor_5" href="#Footnote_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_5" href="#FNanchor_5" class="label">[5]</a> Shifted to W., and on the 29th inclined to N.W., but shifted back at night -to N.E.</p> - -</div> - -<p><span class="smcap">Rallidæ.</span>—Spring records are:—</p> - -<p>Heard at 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> at XIX. (Cromarty) on 19th May—light E., -clear.</p> - -<p>Heard by Keeper at XIV. (Pentland Skerries) when over in -South Ronaldshay on 15th May. Heard on XIV. (Pentland -Skerries), one pair, on 21st—wind S.E. They breed there.</p> - -<p>One at XXVII. (Isle of May) on 14th, and again on 20th May.</p> - -<p>No autumn records.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Charadriadæ.</span>—A flock in February; probably belonged to -last year's migration, and can hardly be admitted as spring -movement at XIV. Oyster-Catcher—two entries in March and -April; the former at XIV., where two arrived; and the latter -at XXVII., where three were seen on the 13th April.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Golden Plover arrived 5th August, and usually -remain all winter. Odd birds at XIV., also in August. -On 6th September, single record of a Golden Plover; single -ditto in October at XIV. Straggling records of little real use -in tracing facts in November, when, however, they do <i>bulk</i> -largest. Odd notices in December and January 1886.</p> - -<p>Other species noted are Green Plover (very few records), -Ring Plover (November, only one entry), Oyster-Catchers (only -taken notice of at XIV.—a flock in September), and "a number -all day" at 28th November at XIV.</p> - -<p><i>Addition to Isle of May List and Collection.</i>—Dotterel—One -obtained, 3d May 1885 (See remarks under Diary of Stations), -<i>in mus.</i>, Isle of May.—Curator, Jos. Agnew.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Scolopacidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring.</i>—Snipe, Curlew, Woodcock, Jack-snipe -are the species noted. Stations are XIV. and XXVII. -only. Earliest Snipe record at XIV. on 16th February (may -belong to last season's movements); "a number," and on 19th -"a large number all day on island;" variable, clear. No March -records, and only one of Snipe in April at XXVII.; S.E., light, -clear on 18th. Jacksnipe—one at XXVII. on 5th April, and -one at same place on 1st May; S.E., light clear on former date. -<i>Curlew</i> on XIV., rose off rocks; snow on ground on 19th -February. Several records flying over island at XIV., in April,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">- 33 -</span> -with various winds, and ditto in May, and "passing XXVII. at -night on 22d May." Woodcock-Two records, one at XXVII. -on 5th April—E.N.E., haze—rose off island; and one at XIV. -on 11th—E.N.E., haze—rose off island.</p> - -<p><i>Autumn.</i>—There are many entries in each month, as follows:—</p> - -<table style="width:34em;" summary="data"> -<tr> - <td>1.</td> - <td><img src="images/bracel_36.png" width="11" height="36" alt="{" /></td> - <td class="tdc">July.<br />11 entries.</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.<br />8</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.<br />10</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.<br />15</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.<br />17</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.<br />9</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan. 1886.<br />2</td> - <td style="width:7em;"> </td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>These are composed principally of the following species, in -order of their abundance:—</p> - -<table style="width:34em;" summary="data"> -<tr> - <td rowspan="2">2.</td> - <td rowspan="2"><img src="images/bracel_36.png" width="11" height="36" alt="{" /></td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="8">Curlew—</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">July.<br />10 entries.</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.<br />7</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.<br />9</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.<br />3</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.<br />3</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan. 1886.<br />0</td> - <td class="tdc">In all.<br />33</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td rowspan="2">3.</td> - <td rowspan="2"><img src="images/bracel_36.png" width="11" height="36" alt="{" /></td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="8">Woodcock—</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">July.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.<br />4</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.<br />6</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.<br />5</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan. 1886.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">In all.<br />16</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td rowspan="2">4.</td> - <td rowspan="2"><img src="images/bracel_36.png" width="11" height="36" alt="{" /></td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="8">Snipe—</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">July.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.<br />2</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan. 1886.<br />1</td> - <td class="tdc">In all.<br />6</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td rowspan="2">5.</td> - <td rowspan="2"><img src="images/bracel_36.png" width="11" height="36" alt="{" /></td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="8">Jacksnipe—</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">July.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.<br />1O</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.<br />2</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.<br />2</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan. 1886.<br />...</td> - <td class="tdc">In all.<br />5</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>The stations returning in order of heaviest schedules and -number of entries, as follows:—</p> - -<table style="width:34em;" summary="data"> -<tr> - <td rowspan="7">6.</td> - <td rowspan="7"><img src="images/bracel_116.png" width="11" height="116" alt="{" /></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdc">July.</td> - <td class="tdc">Aug.</td> - <td class="tdc">Sept.</td> - <td class="tdc">Oct.</td> - <td class="tdc">Nov.</td> - <td class="tdc">Dec.</td> - <td class="tdc">Jan.</td> - <td style="width:3em;"> </td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">XIV.</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">8</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">37</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">XXVII.</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">24</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">VIII.</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">1</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">X.</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc"> 5†</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">5</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">XV.</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">1</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">1</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">XXVI.</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">1</td> - <td class="tdc">...</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="tdc">† Some woodcock.</p> - -<p>The records of VIII., X., and XV. refer entirely to Woodcock. -The above tables we use in this place, as possibly affording -a guide for future work in reducing our past seven reports -to system. Under Table I. gives the time of year and comparative -abundance of birds in each month. Table II. to V., -comparative numbers of each species in each month. Table -VI. gives relative faunal value of each station in each month. -When decided "rushes" are noted, the word can be written in -under the number of entries. Earliest and latest records may -be given in footnotes to Table VI., or thus:—</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">- 34 -</span></p> - -<table summary="data"> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Curlew</td> - <td class="tdc">Earliest,</td> - <td class="tdl"> 3d July, at</td> - <td class="tdr">XIV.</td> - <td class="tdl">Latest,</td> - <td class="tdl">Dec. 6th, at XIV.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Woodcock</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl">15th Oct., at</td> - <td class="tdr">VIII.</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl">Jan. 21st, at XXVII.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Snipe</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl"> 1st Aug., at</td> - <td class="tdr">XIV.</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl">Jan. 13th, at XXVII.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Jacksnipe</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl">31st Oct, at</td> - <td class="tdr">XXVII.</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl">Dec. 11th, at XXVII.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Whimbrel</td> - <td class="tdc">"</td> - <td class="tdl"> 8th July, at</td> - <td class="tdr">VIII.</td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="3">(Only record).</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td colspan="2"></td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Rush.</i></td> - <td colspan="3"></td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>The winds in autumn prevailed as follows:—</p> - -<table summary="data"> -<tr> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">July.<br />N.E. to S.S.E.,<br />occasionally<br />westerly<br />and<br />southerly.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Aug.<br /> N.N.E. to<br />S.S.E.,<br />occasionally<br />N.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Sept.<br />N.W. to<br />S.W.,<br />once<br />S.S.E.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Oct.<br />N.W.,<br />north of<br />XIV.;<br />E. and N.E.<br />and S.E.<br />gale,<br />south of<br />XXVII.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Nov.<br />N. to W.<br />at<br />XIV.;<br />S.E. at<br />XXVII.;<br />and<br />S.S.E.<br />and S. at<br />VIII.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Dec.<br />N.,<br />with<br />snow<br />over<br />all.</td> - <td class="tdc2 vtop">Jan.<br />...<br />...<br />...<br />...<br />...</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p><i>Added to the List of Isle of May.</i>—<i>A Ruff</i> (<i>Machetes pugnax</i>) -sent for identification and for the collection, 5th May; light -N.E. wind, clear. Most of this huge migratory flight of all sorts -left by the afternoon of the 5th.</p> - -<p>Sandpipers, Redshanks.—<i>Spring</i>, only two records of "Sandpipers," -six on 7th Feb. 1885, at XXVII.; light S.W., clear; -and one "Yellow Shanked Sandpiper" <i>found dead</i> on 1st May -at XXVII. [We would be glad of wings and feet, or skin, of -as many different Sandpipers as Mr Agnew can send us. -Parcels once a month, or with each schedule. The true -"Yellow Shanked Sandpiper" is a N. American species, but -numbers of other <i>species</i> have yellow feet or legs.]</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—All records are crowded into September and -November. Species are Redshanks, "Grey Sandpiper," Common -Sandpiper, Purple Sandpiper. The "Common Sandpiper" is -recorded from N. Unst, but the species is uncertain. [Please -send wings or skin.]</p> - -<p><i>Turnstones</i> are recorded, 18th Sept., at XXVII.; W.S.W., -light, clear.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Laridæ.</span>—Every month in the year contains returns. Species -noted are Herring Gulls, "Dirty Allens" (or Skuas), "Gulls," -"Black-Backed Gulls," "Kittiwakes," "Grey Megs" (or Common<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">- 35 -</span> -Gull), Black-Headed Gulls, "Skua Gulls," Richardson's -Skuas.</p> - -<p><i>Spring and Autumn.</i>—Every day plentiful in February, at -XXVII. and XXVIII. B. Gulls arrived at XV. (Dunnet Head)—and -left in August last—on 13th March 1885. Kittiwakes -appeared first on 12th March, at XXVII., "earlier than usual," -and very numerous by 13th; "came from S.;" N.W., light, clear. -At XIV. seen all day flying around on 11th April; E.N.E., haze'; -two Black B. Gulls sitting on rocks on 30th; S.S.E., haze. By -April 20th, Kittiwakes had settled down in summer quarters -on XXVII., and were in "multitudes" by 27th May. At XIV. -a pair of Herring Gulls bred in 1884, and again in the present -year, on same place; not before. In May, hundreds Black H. -Gulls on the lochs near VIII. to breed.</p> - -<p>Records unimportant in June and July, except that "Dirty -Allens" are recorded at IV. on 2d July, and "Skua Gulls" at -XIV. on 7th. In August, movement of Kittiwakes and other -Gulls, and records continue numerously through the remaining -months.</p> - -<p>G. Terns,—a number arrived to hatch, "as usual," at VIII. on -14th May, and Lesser Terns at XIX. on 24th May. The latter -disappeared again on 26th Aug.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Procellariidæ.</span>—<i>Autumn</i>, July 3d, flying about the rocks -at X. (Auskerry). In August, occasionally striking lantern at -IV., VII., IX. (Start Point), and XV. (Dunnet Head). They -breed at IX. among ruins of house, and under stones on shore.</p> - -<p>September,—odd birds striking at IV. and at XIV. on five -dates; three on 2d Sept, at IV., and two at same place on 6th. -One record at IV. in October, and one at same place in November, -usually in foggy or rainy weather.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Alcidæ.</span>—More or less records every month. Arrivals. -First spring visit of Guillemots and Razorbills at XXVII. on -8th March; remained in thousands to 15th; fewer up to 24th; -disappeared and returned in multitudes to breed by 13th April; -Puffins, Razorbills, and Guillemots. Also at VIII. "Rock Birds -seen flying N. daily till 8th May." <i>N.B.</i>—<i>Black Guillemots</i> -recorded at XXVII. on 5th May.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Puffins last seen at XIV. on 7th Aug., and all -other Rock Birds left except Kittiwakes, on the same day at -XXVII.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">- 36 -</span></p> - -<p>Flock of Guillemots hung about XIV. for a time, and a few -more seen on 24th. Large numbers of Guillemots and Razorbills, -from 16th to 18th, at XXVII., when all left, and after a -W. gale large numbers on 2d Dec. and again on 31st Dec. -and seen occasionally till end of January. <i>N.B.</i>—Black Guillemots, -one seen at XXVII. on 27th Jan. 1886. We think it -quite possible <i>Black Guillemots</i> still breed on Isle of May, -perhaps one pair.</p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">- 37 -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="EAST_COAST_OF_ENGLAND">EAST COAST OF ENGLAND.</h2> -</div> - - -<p><span class="smcap">Schedules</span> were sent to forty-five stations, lighthouses, and -light-vessels, and returns have been received from forty-two. -The total number of schedules sent in is eighty-four, and the -greatest number from any single station, nine from Mr Thomas -H. Cutting, of the Farn Lighthouse; and six from Mr Thomas -O. Hall, of the Longstone Lighthouse.</p> - -<p>The East Coast stations included in this report are:—</p> - -<table style="width: 34em;" summary="stations"> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas O. Hall.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Farn, Inner, <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas H. Cutting.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Coquet Island <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">William Evans.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Tees, 5 Buoy <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Henry Harbord.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Tees Breakwater <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">M. Grant.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Whitby High <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">John Odgers.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Flamborough <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Charles Hood.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Spurn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">James B. Smith.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Spurn <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Nil.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">William Stock.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">William King.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Llyn Wells <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">George Rees.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">J. F. Warder and J. H. Harrison.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">J. Nicholas and B. V. Darnell.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Nil.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hunstanton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Westmoreland.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Cromer <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">C. H. Overton.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Winterton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">John Watson and John Leggett.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">J. Artis and John Bowen.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Newarp <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">C. Campbell and W. Rees.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Charles Perfrement and E. Cole.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Orfordness <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">J. Garrett.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Corton <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">I. H. Johnson and W. Bowen.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Languard Point <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Owen Boyle.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">David Dale.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Galloper <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">P. Frost.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">W. R. Carter and W. Dorney.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">- 38 -</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Swin Middle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Samuel Pender.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">John Webber.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Nore <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Nil.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Goodwin <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">David Johns.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Gull <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Francis Harvey and J. Jenkins.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">F. G. Foreman.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">East Side <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Edward le Gallais and W. Nicholls.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Varne <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl"><i>Nil.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Charles Williams.</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>Reports and notes have also been received from:—</p> - -<table style="width: 34em;" summary="stations"> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Roker, Sunderland</td> - <td class="tdl">Alfred Crawhall Chapman.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">S. S. "Aycliffe"</td> - <td class="tdl">John Osborn Morgan (2d engineer).</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Seaton-Carew</td> - <td class="tdl">C. Donald Thompson.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Redcar</td> - <td class="tdl">T. H. Nelson.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Flamborough</td> - <td class="tdl">Matthew Bailey.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Spurn</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Eagle Clarke.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Spurn</td> - <td class="tdl">Philip Lawton.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Spurn</td> - <td class="tdl">J. Fisher.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">East Lincolnshire</td> - <td class="tdl">John Cordeaux.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Northrepps and Cley</td> - <td class="tdl">J. H. Gurney, Jun.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Yarmouth</td> - <td class="tdl">Arthur Patterson.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Yarmouth</td> - <td class="tdl">Benjamin Dye.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Yarmouth</td> - <td class="tdl">G. Smith.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Thanet</td> - <td class="tdl">Lord Clifton.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Malmo, Sweden</td> - <td class="tdl">Frank R. Newton.</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>Notes also bearing on the migration of birds on the east -coast of England have been utilised from the <i>Zoologist</i>, -<i>Naturalist</i>, and. <i>Field</i> newspapers; also from MS. notes made -at Cley, Norfolk, in the autumn of 1885 by Messrs G. E. and -F. D. Power.</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Separate Notes on each Species.</span></h3> - -<p>TURDINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Missel-Thrush</span>, <i>Turdus viscivorus</i>.—Spring -migration, March 25th, 1885: Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, two. Autumn: Roker, -Sunderland, August 9th, 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, "for about an hour a continual -stream kept flying over the lawn at Silksworth; they were about -one hundred yards high, going from N.E. to S.W., in parties of -two or three, then twenty or thirty at once." Teesmouth, -October 11th, great rush, "thousands in one particular field."<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">- 39 -</span> -North-East Lincolnshire, October 20th, great many. <span class="smcap">Common -Thrush</span>, <i>T. musicus</i>.—Spring, 1885: Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March -13th, night, N. hazy, several round lantern. Northrepps, middle -of March, many moving north.<a id="FNanchor_6" href="#Footnote_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> Autumn; An enormous immigration, -first indicated at Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, July 3d to 11th, a few -none in August, sparingly in September, and an enormous rush -from October 12th to 18th, covering the east coast, and, more -or less, continuous night and day on 15th and 16th, wind -E.N.E. A second rush November 8th to 12th, and less at -intervals to end of month; a few Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> throughout January -to February 10th, 1886. <span class="smcap">Redwing</span>, <i>T. iliacus</i>.—Spring, 1885: -Thanet, April 19, last seen. Autumn; Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September -15th, first. An enormous immigration in October, much the -largest recorded. The bulk arriving in two great rashes, covering -the east coast, from October 15th to 17th, night and day; -and again November 9th to 17th, but in less numbers. Hasbro' -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on 22d and 23d, all day; a few at Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> to December -3d, when the migration of this species ceased. <span class="smcap">Fieldfare</span>, -<i>T. pilaris</i>.—Spring, 1885: North-East Lincolnshire, March 26th, -large flocks in coast marshes. Thanet, April 19th, last seen. -Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 4th, fifteen. Autumn: Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, July 7th, -one young bird caught on board; October 15th to 26th, first -arrivals on east coast—a great rush on 15th and 16th at various -stations, and a second very large immigration, old birds, November -8th to 12th. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, November 8th, S. to S.W., one -on gallery at midnight; 9th, 10th, and 11th, great rush night -and day, and up to 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> on 12th, and in less numbers at -intervals on east coast to end of first week in January 1886. -Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, January 23d, many till midnight, one killed. In -North-East Lincolnshire, large numbers of old birds arrived at -intervals from the last week in November to middle of January -1886, either direct from the Continent, or from more northern -localities in Great Britain. <span class="smcap">Blackbird</span>, <i>T. merula</i>.—Spring, -1885: Migration observed at Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> April 4th and 12th -to W. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> March 13th to May 4th. Whitby, March 13th -and 14th, E. to W. during night. Autumn: October 15th to -18th, very large arrivals both by night and day, and again from -November 8th to 12th, in both cases covering the east coast. -Corton <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 21st, noon, twenty to W.N.W.; and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">- 40 -</span> -Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 24th, last recorded. <span class="smcap">Ring-Ousel</span>, <i>T. torquatus</i>.—Spring, -1885: Spurn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 9th, male and female. -Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 12th to May 4th, Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 23d, S., -one. Thanet, 22d, two old males; 23d and 25th, younger males; -30th, females. Autumn: Spurn, August 25th; Flamborough, -October 6th, many, Cromer <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 16th, all night, seven killed. -Thanet, 16th, N.E. gale, several; 22d, E,, old males and old -females.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_6" href="#FNanchor_6" class="label">[6]</a> Malmo, Sweden, May 6th, flock of thrushes to N.E.</p> - -</div> - -<p>CINCLINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Black-Bellied Dipper</span>, <i>Cinclus melanogaster</i>.—October -23d, E. and N.E. gale, one shot on morning of 24th. -Humber Bank, in Stallinborough parish, great flight of Woodcock -at the same date.</p> - -<p>SAXICOLINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Common Wheatear</span>, <i>Saxicola ænanthe</i>.—Spring, -1885: Yarmouth, February 24, one shot on denes. -Hunstanton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March 15th, one. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 5th, S.S.E., -two; 7th, E. all day, and the same on 10th and 11th, E.N.E. and -E. Great Cotes, 11th, first. Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Guernsey, 10th, many -at night at north light. Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 22d, six, and many to May -28th, and eight on June 7th, general direction of flight S.E. to -N.W.; rushes on May 10th and 20th. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April -23d, N.E., 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, several. Flamborough, May 3d to 6th, E. -(4), many with Redstarts and Pied Flycatchers.<a id="FNanchor_7" href="#Footnote_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> Autumn: -Migration first indicated at Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> August 3d, and Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> -on 7th and 9th. On the 15th a flock of twenty alighted on -board the s.s. "Aycliffe" in the English Channel, remaining for -two hours, and then left; were observed in considerable numbers -at several stations throughout September to middle of -October. Is last recorded at the Hasborough <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> October 1 6th, -one. <span class="smcap">Desert-Chat</span>, <i>S. deserti</i>.—Spurn, October 17th, one, a -female, shot; has been previously obtained once in Scotland, -and twice in Heligoland. <span class="smcap">Whinchat and Stonechat</span>, <i>Pratincola -rubetra</i> and <i>rubicola</i>.—Spring: Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 4th -E.N.E., many of both all day. Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 22d, one -Stonechat. Autumn; Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 19th, one struck. -Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 10th, 2.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, two killed. The Whinchat<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">- 41 -</span> -does not appear to be observed or distinguished on migration -by our recorders. <span class="smcap">Redstart</span>, <i>Ruticilla phœnicurus</i>.—Thanet, -April 16th, males; 23d, females. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 1st, E, -rain, one adult male. Flamborough, 3d, N.E., large number of -males, with Pied Flycatchers. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 4th, E.N.E. all day. -Malmo, Sweden, April 26th, two. Autumn: Are first recorded -at Thanet July 19th, females and young. At several stations -from August 17th to end of September; last at Spurn October -4th, W.S.W., with Wheatears. <span class="smcap">Black Redstart</span>, <i>R. titys</i>.—Yarmouth, -March 15th, adult male; November 3d, adult female. -Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 17th, one female Redstart. This entry -probably refers to this species, which, as a rule, is observed on -the east coast about a fortnight after the migration of the common -Redstart has ceased.<a id="FNanchor_8" href="#Footnote_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_7" href="#FNanchor_7" class="label">[7]</a> In the spring of 1886 I received by post one adult male Wheatear, in -summer plumage, caught in a rabbit trap on March 26th in North Northumberland. -In a late schedule from the Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> two are recorded on February 22d, at -5 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, on the island, and again two on March 25th. The earliest record for East -Lincolnshire this spring is a pair on the Humber Embankment on March 29th.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_8" href="#FNanchor_8" class="label">[8]</a> The occurrences, so far recorded by the committee, of the Black Redstart on -the east coast of Great Britain in the autumn, range between October 23d and -November 3d.</p> - -</div> - -<p>SYLVIINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Red-Spotted Bluethroat</span>, <i>Cyanecula suecica</i>.—Spurn, -October 7th, two. <span class="smcap">Redbreast</span>, <i>Erithacus rubecula</i>.—Spring, -1885: Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 7th, S.E., one. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -10th, 11th, and 12th, E.N.E., several. Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, May 22d, one -to W.S.W. Autumn: Considerable immigration between the -Farn Islands and Guernsey, from September 8th to November -12th; rush on October 16th, observed at Spurn, Lincolnshire -coast (very large numbers), Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, and Thanet; -and again from November 10th to 12th at Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, -Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> The greatest number -seen at any one time, Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 2d, one hundred -to one hundred and fifty, at 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, from S.E. to N.W., and -Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on November 10th, fifty to sixty, with tits -from 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to daybreak, and then going north. <span class="smcap">Whitethroat</span>, -<i>Sylvia rufa</i>.—Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 10. Malmo, Sweden, May -4th. Hunstanton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 20th, S. (5), 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, nine killed. Autumn: -July 19th, Thanet, the first, and are last recorded Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> -September 17th, N.E. (4), midnight, along with Blackcaps. -<span class="smcap">Lesser Whitethroat</span>, <i>S. curruca</i>.—Spring: Great Cotes, April -23d. Autumn: The first at Thanet August 24th to 27th, and last -at Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> September 30th. <span class="smcap">Blackcap</span>, <i>S. atricapilla</i>.—Spring: -Thanet, May 5th, males; 6th, females. Return -September 17th, 19th, and 25th at Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Thanet, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">- 42 -</span> -Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> Garden Warbler, S. salicaria.—Return -August 22d at Spurn, and September 20th at Thanet.</p> - -<p>PHYLLOSCOPINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Golden-Crested Wren</span>, <i>Regulus -cristatus</i>.—Spring: At Great Cotes and Thanet on March 8th; -Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> May 1st, 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>,one. Autumn: A very considerable -immigration first observed at Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> August 21st, -5.15 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one. The next at Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> September 17th, E., -<span class="allsmcap">O.R.</span> about lantern at midnight; are last recorded on November -11th. Rushes indicated at Flamborough on October 6th, and -at Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> (twenty), Lincolnshire coast. Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, -and Thanet on October 16th and 17th; Teesmouth October 23d -and 24th; Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, Kentish -Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>,and South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on November 10th and 11th. -<span class="smcap">Chiff-Chaff</span>, <i>Phylloscopus collybita</i>.—Spring: First in North -Wales and Norfolk April 2d; return Thanet August 21st to -September 24th. <span class="smcap">Willow-Wren</span>, <i>P. trochilus</i>.—Return Thanet -July 19th and August 5th. Spurn, August 18th to S. Cley, -Norfolk coast, September 7th, E., great numbers in scrub, and -increasing; 17th, second rush. <span class="smcap">Wood-Wren</span>, <i>P. sibilatrix</i>.—Spurn, -August 14th; Thanet, 22d and 27th.</p> - -<p>ACROCEPHALINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Sedge Warbler</span>, <i>A. schœnobænus</i>.—Spurn -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 8th, one killed.</p> - -<p>ACCENTORIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Hedge Sparrow</span>, <i>Accentor modularis</i>.—Cley, -Norfolk coast, September 18th, many. Newarp <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, -October 17th, rush with others. Goodwin, east side <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 23d, a -few on board. <span class="smcap">Bearded Reedling</span>, <i>Panurus biarmicus</i>.—Yarmouth, -February, last week, bearded tits, several flocks, numbers -shot.</p> - -<p>PARIDÆ.—Spring: Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 10. <span class="smcap">Blue-Titmouse</span>.—Autumn: -Great Cotes, October 11th. <span class="smcap">Blue</span> and <span class="smcap">Coal Titmouse</span>, -several. Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 15th, several Titmice about lighthouse -garden. Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 10th, fifty to -sixty Robins and Tits from midnight to daybreak, and then to -N. Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 10th, one. South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 11th, -Robin and Tits. <span class="smcap">Common Creeper</span>, <i>Certhia familiaris</i>.—Spurn, -August 14th. <span class="smcap">Common Wren</span>, <i>Troglodytes parvulus</i>.—Winterton -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 6th, one at 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> on lantern; 8th, one -at 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, and November 3d, one. Orfordness <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>; September -13th, 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, three with Robin. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 23d, two. -South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 12th and 13th, Wrens on deck;<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">- 43 -</span> -and Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 13th, two at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, went to roost on -board.</p> - -<p>MOTACILLIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Pied Wagtail</span>, <i>M. lugubris</i>.—Spring, -1885: Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, February 4th, N.W., four to N.W.; 27th, with -Titlarks to N.W. Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, February 12th, a few. Great -Cotes, 25th, many, with Titlarks. Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March 8th, one. -Thanet, 11th to 19th. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 11th, two; and Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 9th, two to W. Autumn: Return Thanet August -2d, young; 26th, old. Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, November 20th, twelve to -S.E. <span class="smcap">Blue-Headed Wagtail</span>, <i>M. flava</i>.—Thanet, April 22d, -male; May 4th, old female and young bird in second plumage. -<span class="smcap">Yellow Wagtail</span>, <i>M. raii</i>.—Spring, 1885: Great Cotes, April -18th; and Thanet, 26th, first. Autumn: Spurn, August 14th, a -few immature Yellow Wagtails; 23d, thousands, "the whole -district ablaze with them;" 24th, less numbers. Thanet, 20th -and 21st. Cley, September 18th, in parties; 23d, three or four. -<span class="smcap">Grey Wagtail</span>, <i>M. melanope</i>.—Autumn: Great Cotes, September, -first and second weeks, young birds swarming in bean-fields; -October 15th, first, old. Cley, September 9th, first. -Thanet, 28th and 30th, two each day. In the spring of 1885 -were first seen at Malmo, Sweden, on April 7th, two, "a sure -sign to begin to plough." <span class="smcap">Meadow Pipit</span>, <i>Anthus pratensis</i>.—Spring: -Great Cotes, February 25th, many, with Pied Wagtails; -Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 27th, some with Wagtails to N.W. Autumn: Cley, -September 16th, great many. Roker (Sunderland), October 3d -and 7th. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 23d, E.S.E. (4), great many. <span class="smcap">Rock -Pipit</span>, <i>A. obscurus</i>.—Cley, September 22d, three or four; 23d, -several. <span class="smcap">Golden Oriole</span>, <i>Oriolus galbula</i>.—Thanet, June 9th -and 23d (see remarks under <a href="#General_Notes">"General Notes"</a>).</p> - -<p>LANIIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Red-Backed Shrike</span>, <i>Lanius collurio</i>.—Spring: -Thanet, May 23d, female. Autumn: Thanet, August -5th, female. Spurn, 24th and September 1st, young, one each -day; 3d and 4th, one each day. <span class="smcap">Woodchat Shrike</span>, <i>L. auriculatus</i>.—Yarmouth, -May, second week, a female, and several others -reported further north on east coast (<i>Zoologist</i>, 1886, pp. 27, 28).</p> - -<p>MUSCICAPIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Spotted Flycatcher</span>, <i>Muscicapa grisola</i>.—Thanet, -May 1st, first; October 14th, last (very late). <span class="smcap">Pied -Flycatcher</span>, <i>M. atricapilla</i>.—Spring: Flamborough, May 3d, -N.E., great rush with Redstarts, and forward to 6th, "the largest -arrival ever known." Spurn, same date, great many, "more<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">- 44 -</span> -numerous than ever known before." Malmo (Sweden), April -29th, two. Autumn: Spurn, August 24th, young; 29th, same. -Thanet, 30th, N.E., five or six; again on 31st, and from September -1st to 29th. Cley, September 8th.</p> - -<p>HIRUNDINIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Swallow</span>, <i>Hirundo rustica</i>.—Spring: -Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March 30th, a flight, and from April 15th to -May 10th, daily. Flamborough, April 8th, N.N.E. (8), 11.30 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, first; Great Cotes 14th, Thanet 20th, Orfordness 20th, -Yarmouth 17th, Hunstanton 16th, Spurn 17th, Whitby 19th, -Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> 19th, one from E.S.E. to N.W.; 21st, 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, -great many to N.W. from E.S.E., and some Martins, and many -at intervals to May 29th in same direction. Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May -30th to June 5th. Malmo, Sweden, April 22d. Autumn; Tees -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, September 15th and 16th, great many to S.W. Spurn, September -2d and 5th, all day in small numbers to S. Hunstanton, -15th and 16th, hundreds all day to S., and throughout September -at several stations; were last observed at Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> October -18th. Flamborough, 18th, several. Great Cotes, 19th. Leman -and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 24th. In November, three at Flamborough on -1st. Hunstanton, 14th, one to S.W. Thanet, 15th, one. <span class="smcap">Martin</span>, -<i>Chelidon urbica</i>.—Spring: Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, April 21st, first; some, -with Swallows N.W. to E.S.E.; July 7th, 8th, 11th, great many -to N.W., and at several stations in April, May, and June. -Autumn: Last at Thanet, November 1st. <span class="smcap">Sand-Martin</span>, <i>Cotile -riparia</i>.—Great Cotes, April 22d. Last at Thanet, November -1st.</p> - -<p>FRINGILLIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Goldfinch</span>, <i>Carduelis elegans</i>.—Hanois -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, November 1st, fifty to N.W. <span class="smcap">Siskin</span>, <i>Chrysomitris spinus</i>.—Yarmouth, -abundant in December. <span class="smcap">Serin Finch</span>, <i>Serinus -hortulanus</i>.—Yarmouth, June 14th (<i>Zoologist</i>, 1886, p. 28), probably -a male. Greenfinch, <i>Ligurinus chloris</i>.—Curiously only -one entry in the schedules. Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, January 24th, 1886, -one died on board. <span class="smcap">Common Sparrow</span>, <i>Passer domesticus</i>.—First -at Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, September 22d, 2.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, great flight of -Common Sparrows to N.N.W. Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 27th, forty -to W., and on 28th. Newarp <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 8th, noon, thirty. Goodwin -East <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 20th, a few House Sparrows during day, and -on November 10th to 13th. Corton <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 1st, 11th, 12th, -15th, 19th, 21st, 22d, and November 11th, large numbers, several -on vessel. <span class="smcap">Tree Sparrow</span>, <i>P. montanus</i>.—Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">- 45 -</span> -October 16th, one. Cockle and Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>'s, October -4th and 30th, at latter in large numbers. Goodwin and Gull -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>'s, September 28th, 29th, and October 28th, 30th, great rush. -South Sand Head, October 12th, 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, some to N.W., and on -December 2d one. Very few, as a rule, came in north of the -Humber. <span class="smcap">Chaffinch</span>, <i>Fringilla cœlebs</i>.—First at Outer Dowsing -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> September 18th, one. Arrived mainly in two great flights, -October 12th to 16th, and November 10th to 13th, as observed -at several stations. <span class="smcap">Brambling</span>, <i>F. montifringilla</i>.—Spring: -Thanet, April 19th, last seen. Autumn: October 14th to 17th, -and a second flight November 11th to 12th, practically at the -same periods as the former.<a id="FNanchor_9" href="#Footnote_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> <span class="smcap">Linnet</span>, <i>Linota cannabina</i>.—Comparatively -few notices, and no Twites. <span class="smcap">Mealy</span> and <span class="smcap">Lesser -Redpoles</span>, <i>L. linaria</i> and <i>rufescens</i>.—Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 14th, -one. Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 16th, two. Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, -18th, one caught (Mealy Redpoles), flying from E.N.E. to S.W. -Spurn, about November 11th, one Mealy Redpole. Hasbro' -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 23d, one Redpole caught. Yarmouth, in December, -abundant. It is probable all the notices refer to <i>L. linaria</i>.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_9" href="#FNanchor_9" class="label">[9]</a> Bramblings are reported as having been more plentiful in Lincolnshire and -Norfolk than has been the case for very many years. In the Migration Report -for 1883, the Hawfinch is recorded at the Inner Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on November 2d, -and at the same station in the previous year on October 20th. I have recently -ascertained from Mr William King that he was mistaken in his identification, -and that the birds were Bramblings.</p> - -</div> - -<p>EMBERIZINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Yellow Bunting</span>, <i>Emberiza citrinella</i>.—Whitby, -March 16th, great number during week commencing -on the 16th. <span class="smcap">Snow Bunting</span>, <i>Plectrophanes nivalis</i>.—Spring: -Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, March 1st, flocks. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 4th, two. Yarmouth, -22d, four, 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, on north light. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 11th, one. -Autumn: Cley, September 26th, one, and at several stations in -October and November; rushes October 16th and 24th, N.E., -half-gale, and November 18th and 25th.</p> - -<p>ALAUDIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Sky-Lark</span>, <i>Alauda arvensis</i>.—The occurrences -are far too numerous to record separately; in some cases -the entries fill a considerable portion of the schedules. They -are noted at thirty stations on the east coast, sixteen of which -are light-vessels. Spring, 1885: Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 7th, and -Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, May 6th; some to W. at intervals during the day. -Autumn: First at Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> September 7th, and sparingly at -other stations during the month to the 28th and 29th, when the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">- 46 -</span> -numbers greatly increased. A very heavy immigration in -October, and from the 12th to 20th an almost continuous rush -night and day, covering the whole of the east coast; in less -numbers in November to the 20th, when the migration appears -to have almost ceased. The great bulk appear to have arrived -in two enormous and almost continuous flights on October 15th, -16th, 17th, and November 10th and 11th—in the latter case in -less numbers; very sparingly in December and up to January -25th, 1886. A strong return migration to the Continent is indicated -at the Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on February 14th and 15th N.E. -at night, also during the day on the 15th from W. to E., and -at the Newarp <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> March 19th to 21st, likewise to E. At the -same station, from January 25th, 1886, to February 14th, Larks -passing to the W. <span class="smcap">Shore-Lark</span>, <i>Otocorys alpestris</i>.—Yarmouth, -November 26th, one found dead; several seen in February. -Flamborough, January 4th, 1886, one shot.</p> - -<p>STURNIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Starling</span>, <i>Sturnus vulgaris</i>.—At twenty-one -stations. Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, July 10th, three young alighted on -vessel, and then to W.N.W. None are recorded in August and -September till the 28th at Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, some flights; enormous -numbers in October, especially from the 12th to 19th, -frequently associated with Larks, and large numbers of both -killed at the light-vessels; proportionately less in November, -with heavy rushes from the 12th to 23d. A very considerable -spring migration indicated at Shipwash <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> both to the E. and -W. from February 10th to March 21st, 1886.</p> - -<p>CORVIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Daw</span>, <i>Corvus monedula</i>.—Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -March 12th, N., several to W.; April 3d to W. at dawn. -Autumn: At several stations, generally in company with Rooks. -<span class="smcap">Carrion Crow</span>, <i>C. corone</i>.—Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 19th, five; 24th, -twelve. Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 5th to November 11th, many -with Rooks. Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, December 11th, one on deck; great -numbers of "Black Crows" are recorded at various stations, -which may refer either to this or the Rook. <span class="smcap">Hooded Crow</span>, -<i>C. cornix</i>.—Spring, 1885: Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, March 1st, large -flights from W.N.W. to E.S.E. 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Hunstanton, April 7th, -many near lighthouse. Thanet, 19th, last. Autumn: First at -Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> October 2d, small flocks all day S.E. to N.W. -Great numbers in October at various stations, chiefly between -the Humber and Thames, and an almost continuous rush<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">- 47 -</span> -between 15th and 17th. A very considerable immigration in -November, specially from 9th to 12th. Rook, <i>C. frugilegus</i>.—Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March 11th and 14th, 1885, many to E.; April -4th, 15th, 17th, and 20th, several to W. Cockle <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, May 2d, -continuous flocks during day to N.W., S.W., and N. Northrepps, -March 22d and 23d, 1886, Rooks and Crows to E.S.E. -Autumn: Immense numbers at various stations in October and -November, with continuous rushes corresponding with those of -the Grey Crow.<a id="FNanchor_10" href="#Footnote_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> <span class="smcap">Raven</span>, <i>C. corax</i>.—Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, March -6th, 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, two ravens, one caught. Malmo, Sweden, February -7th, one passing overhead N.E. to S.W.—exactly the same line -as observed for nine successive years.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_10" href="#FNanchor_10" class="label">[10]</a> Mr J. H. Gurney, Sen., writes:—"Lord Lilford sends me word that on 20th -of March 1886, Mr G. Hunt saw an extraordinary flight of Rooks at Somerton, -which he observed from 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> till 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, when he left, but the flight was -still going on. He wrote to Lord Lilford:—'I observed them flying just above -the sandhills, going due south, and as far as the eye could see both before and -behind there was nothing but Rooks. There would never for one moment of the -day be less than a thousand in sight at one time; they kept in a thin wavering -line. The coast line here runs due north and south.'" Mr J. H. Gurney, -Jun., writes:—"I saw the same Rooks and Grey Crows on the same day in much -smaller numbers as were seen at Somerton (Norfolk coast), which is fifteen miles -further south. I again saw them on the 21st, 22d, 25th, 26th, 29th, but none -after that date. Mr Hunt says they were all Rooks, but with me Grey Crows -preponderated; direction to S.E." In connection with this read Mr Gätke's -notes of migration as observed at Heligoland and Hanover between March 19th -and 25th, 1886, on the last page of his journal.</p> - -</div> - -<p>CYPSELIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Swift</span>, <i>Cypselus apus</i>.—Spurn, April 20th, -eight on window-sill of tower; 22d, several; June 29th, 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, -fifty round lantern. At Yarmouth May 7th, and Thanet and -Hunstanton on 8th, Malmo 10th. Autumn: Many to S. along -coast first week in September. <span class="smcap">Wryneck</span>, <i>Jynx torquilla</i>.—Thanet, -April 19th, 25th; May 10th, 18th; June 14th, three -distinct arrivals. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 15th, one picked up dead. -<span class="smcap">Common Roller</span>, <i>Coracias garrulus</i>.—Felthorpe, near Norwich, -October 24th, adult female. <span class="smcap">Cuckoo</span>, <i>Cuculus canorus</i>.—Whitby, -April 8th; Hanois <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Guernsey, 10th, two; Flambro' -17th, Spurn 18th, Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> 29th. Malmo May 13th, -Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> 19th, 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, one struck and killed. Autumn: -Hunstanton <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, July 16th, 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, N.W., one killed. Roker, -August 6th, one young. Spurn, 7th, midnight <span class="allsmcap">O.M.</span>, one killed; -17th, two young on sandhills. Thanet, 8th, and September 3d -and 4th. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, August 9th, 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">- 48 -</span></span></p> - -<p>STRIGES.—<span class="smcap">Barn Owl</span>, <i>Strix flammea</i>.—Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October -20th, 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, "White Owl" to W. Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, December 2d, -W.S.W., "one Barn Owl." <span class="smcap">Long-Eared Owl</span>, <i>Asio otus</i>.—Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 10th, 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.N.E., fresh gale, one -("with wind N. of E., very few migrants are seen"). Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -October 10th, 6.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, "Owl" round lantern. Spurn, October -23d, E. and N.E. gale, some, one also shot at Spurn on August -25th. <span class="smcap">Short-Eared Owl</span>, <i>A. accipitrinus</i>.—Spring: Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -April 22d, one on rocks. Autumn: In two rushes—October -20th to 23d, November 12th to 14th.</p> - -<p>FALCONIDÆ.—Very few notices. <span class="smcap">Sea-Eagle</span>, <i>Haliaëtus -albicilla</i>.—Immature male and female shot in Kent early in -November, and another seen. The <span class="smcap">Spotted Eagle</span>, <i>Aquila -nævia</i>, was shot at Cresswell on the Northumberland coast on -October 31st. <span class="smcap">Kite</span>, <i>Milvus ictinus</i>.—Thanet, April 9th, 3.30 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.W., one flying to W. During the last week in September -and early in October (the usual period for the passage of the -Falconidæ); a few <span class="smcap">Peregrines</span>, <span class="smcap">Kestrels</span>, <span class="smcap">Merlins</span>, and Sparrow -Hawks were observed on migration at various parts of the east -coast. Northrepps, March 20th, 1886, two <span class="smcap">Buzzards</span>, with -Rooks to E.S.E.</p> - -<p>PELECANIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Cormorant</span>, <i>Phalacrocorax carbo</i>.—Spring: -Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, March 1st to 10th, many to north. Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, 11th, -to north; September 17th, old and young, to S. Leman and -Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 4th, forty to fifty, fishing for herring. <span class="smcap">Gannet</span>, -<i>Sula bassana</i>.—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, August 22d, 26th, 27th, hundreds fishing -off island. <span class="smcap">Heron</span>, <i>Ardea cinerea</i>.—Coquet <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, more Herons -seen in September to October 12th than had been seen for -many years. Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 2d, one from E. to -W.N.W. Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, February 28th, two, E. to W. <span class="smcap">White -Stork</span>, <i>Ciconia alba</i>.—Malmo, April 19th, flight, eighteen or -twenty, to N.E. <span class="smcap">Spoonbill</span>, <i>Platalea leucorodia</i>.—Yarmouth, -June 4th, one shot at Breydon Water.</p> - -<p>ANATIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Wild Geese.</span>—Whitby <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>,May 23d, nine dark-coloured -Geese to S.; July 1st, twelve to N.; 12th, five to N. -Autumn: Cley, September 7th, nineteen in flock. Llyn Wells -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 20th, twelve Geese, from E. by E. Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October -6th, flock, low to S.W. South Sand Head and East Side <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>'s -(Goodwins), December 6th and 7th, great numbers, too many to -number. Unusually large numbers of Geese seen in North-East<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">- 49 -</span> -Lincolnshire from the first week in October to the end of the -year. Swans.—Remarkably scarce. Five were seen on September -27th flying from S. to N. above the Town's Moor at Newcastle, -and at Corton <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> November 29th, 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, two to W. <span class="smcap">Ducks</span>, -<span class="smcap">Common Sheldrake</span>, <i>Tadorna cornuta</i>.—Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, January 1st, -1885, fifty-four and one Coot. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, June 20th, two broods -off. <span class="smcap">Garganey Teal</span>, <i>Querquedula circia</i>.—April 3d, one, a -male, shot at Breydon, Yarmouth. <span class="smcap">King Eider</span>, <i>Somateria -spectabilis</i>.—Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 23d, several times seen, was -shot on the 25th. Immense numbers of various Ducks are -reported at sea during the autumn and winter, flying in various -directions. The <span class="smcap">Pochard</span>, <i>Fuligula ferina</i>, has been unusually -plentiful both in Lincolnshire and Norfolk.</p> - -<p>COLUMBIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Ringdove</span>, <i>Columba palumbus</i>.—Tetney, -Lincolnshire coast, October 23d, first flight of Wood Pigeons. -Outer Dowsing <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 12th, "seven pigeons" W. to E. -Roker, near Sunderland, December 12th, flocks arriving all day -from the E. to the woods two miles inland. Mr H. F. Tomalin -reports from Northampton, "a great rush of Wood Pigeons -crossed this part of the country on October 16th; they were -passing continuously, in companies of four to five hundred, in a -south-westerly direction." The <span class="smcap">Stockdove</span>, <i>C. ænas</i>, is reported -as exceedingly abundant in Norfolk during the winter of 1885-1886. -<span class="smcap">Turtle Dove</span>, <i>Turtur communis</i>.—Thanet, May 13th, -first.</p> - -<p>RALLIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Water-Rail</span>, <i>Rallus aquaticus</i>.—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -October 15th, one; 31st, E.S.E. (4), one. Leman and Ower -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 19th, 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one killed. <span class="smcap">Spotted Crake</span>, -<i>Porzana maruetta</i>.—Spurn, October 23d, one. <span class="smcap">Stone Curlew</span>, <i>Œdicnemus -scolopax</i>.—Spurn, August 22d, one seen on mud flats.</p> - -<p>CHARADRIIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Golden Plover</span>, <i>Charadrius pluvialis</i>.—Besides -the usual autumn arrivals there was a distinct immigration -in December. Tongue <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, December 14th, 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one -struck rigging and killed. Thanet, 16th, 3.20 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S.W., flocks -of thirty to forty from E. <span class="smcap">Grey Plover</span>, <i>Squatarola helvetica</i>.—Spurn, -August 26th, small flock in summer plumage. Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 5th, N.W., three killed. Cley, 22d, W.S.W., -calm, flock. <span class="smcap">Kentish Plover</span>, <i>Ægialitis cantiana</i>.—Yarmouth, -May 3d, three at Breydon. Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, June 30th, 6.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, -two. <span class="smcap">Dotterel</span>, <i>Eudromias morinellus</i>.—Spring: Great Cotes,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">- 50 -</span> -May 14th, seven; 16th, live. <span class="smcap">Lapwing</span>, <i>Vanellus vulgaris</i>.—First -at Whitby, September 12th, large flock, old and young, to -S. Yarmouth, October 2d, S.W., strong, flocks coming in. Orfordness, -8th, rush, and on 11th the same during night. Whitby, -16th, very large flock. Llyn Wells <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 21st and 22d, rush all -day to N., and on November 1st, 2d, 3d. Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November -10th and 11th, great rush. Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 11th to 12th, -night, and 22d to 23d, night, great rush to W. and W.N.W. -Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 12th and 15th, flights to N.W. and W.</p> - -<p>SCOLOPACIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Woodcock</span>, <i>Scolopax rusticula</i>.—Spring: -Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 11th, 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, one struck, not killed. Autumn: -"First flight," October 16th, 17th, E. and N.E., cold, rain and -stormy, covering the whole of the coast from Farn to Thanet, -"Great flight" on night of 22d and 23d, and 23d and 24th October, -E. and N.E. gale, large numbers striking the east coast at -Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>. Coquet <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Teesmouth, Whitby, Flamborough -(swarmed). Spurn (seventy-nine shot by one party morning of -24th). Lincolnshire coast, great numbers. Yarmouth, less. This -flight was composed of the small, dark, reddish Scandinavian bird, -and the same applies also to the later flights on the east coast. -Other arrivals were Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 31st, seven. Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, November 4th, eleven. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, same date, W.N.W. (4), -seven. Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 13th, one killed. -Thanet, November 11th and 12th. Yarmouth, November 20th, -many, and a few at various stations to end of month, and also in -December. A flight is recorded during the last week in January -1886, at Northrepps and Thanet. <span class="smcap">Double Snipe</span>, <i>Gallinago -major</i>.—Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 15th, one. <span class="smcap">Common Snipe</span>, -<i>G. cœlestis</i>.—Spring: Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 3d, S.W., two, to E. -Autumn: Yarmouth, September 12th, W., strong, many. Farn -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 31st. Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 11th, rush; and -North-East Lincolnshire, on 24th, very large numbers. <span class="smcap">Jack-Snipe</span>, -<i>G. gallinula</i>.—Lincolnshire coast, September 23d. Farn -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 12th, N.N.E., and again on 31st. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -17th, and November 11th; and East Lincolnshire, November -24th, great rush with Common Snipe. <span class="smcap">Dunlin</span>, <i>Tringa alpina</i>.—Spring: -Yarmouth, May 10th, large flocks in summer plumage. -Autumn: Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, August 1st, very large flock, the -first. Redcar, September 27th, in flocks all day to W. Little -<span class="smcap">Stint</span>, <i>T. minuta</i>.—Cley , September 7th to 10th, several.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">- 51 -</span> -Yarmouth, 8th, a few. <span class="smcap">Temminck's Stint</span>, <i>T. temmincki</i>.—Yarmouth, -September 8th, one. <span class="smcap">Pygmy Curlew</span>, <i>T. subarquata</i>.—Roker, -August 6th, 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, W., two. <span class="smcap">Knot</span>, <i>T. canutus</i>.—Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, August 14th, shot in summer plumage. -Spurn, 20th, a few in summer plumage. Yarmouth, September -6th, large flight. Redcar, 10th, W. half gale, flock; -12th, two flocks, young birds. Cley, 22d, large flock. <span class="smcap">Puff</span>, -<i>Machetes pugnax</i>.—Spring: Yarmouth, June 4th, four shot in -summer plumage. Autumn: Redcar, August 31st, one young -Puff. Cley, September 12th, several Peeves seen, one shot. -Lincolnshire coast, October 3d, one Peeve shot. <span class="smcap">Sanderling</span>, -<i>Calidris arenaria</i>.—Spring: Yarmouth, April 6th, many in -company with Ringed Plover. Return, Spurn August 12th. -<span class="smcap">Common Sandpiper</span>, <i>Totanus hypoleucus</i>.—Spurn, August 27th. -Cley, September 10th, many. <span class="smcap">Green Sandpiper</span>, <i>T. ochropus</i>.—Spurn, -August 22d to 26th. Yarmouth, same date, many. <span class="smcap">Wood -Sandpiper</span>, <i>T. glareola</i>.—Yarmouth, August 22d. <span class="smcap">Common Redshank</span>, -<i>T. calidris</i>.—Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, August 2d, many. <span class="smcap">Spotted -Redshank</span>, <i>T. fuccus</i>.—Yarmouth, August 22d, one shot. <span class="smcap">Greenshank</span>, -<i>T. canescens</i>.—Spring: Yarmouth, April 26th, at Breydon. -Autumn: Spurn, August 24th, young female. <span class="smcap">Bar-tailed -Godwit</span>, <i>Limosa lapponica</i>.—Spurn, August 20th, in -summer plumage. Yarmouth, September 8th, several Godwits -on coast. Cley, September 12th to 25th, a constant succession. -<span class="smcap">Black-tailed Godwit</span>, <i>L. ægocephala</i>.—Cley, September 15th, -old bird shot. <span class="smcap">Whimbrel</span>, <i>Numenius phœopus</i>.—Spring: Great -Cotes, May 16th, many. Autumn: Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, August 2d and -15th. Redcar, 12th, last on September 11th. Yarmouth, -August 19th, many. Roker, near Sunderland, August 31st and -September 1st, very high. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 20th, two. -Cley, September 23d, last. <span class="smcap">Curlew</span>, <i>N. arquata</i>.—Spring: -Whitby, April 9th, 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, great flock round light. Autumn: -Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, August 15th. Whitby, September 12th, to south. -Orfordness <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 8th, night, large numbers, one killed. -Dudgeon <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 21st, 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, about lantern; and November -25th, ten, S.E. to N.W. Leman and Ower <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 29th, to -S.; November 12th, to S.W., rush; 13th, one killed. East -Goodwin <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November 12th, one killed.</p> - -<p>LARIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Arctic Tern</span>, <i>Sterna macrura</i>.—Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> -May 15th, first heard. August 9th, most left breeding haunts.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">- 52 -</span> -September 2d, a few about. <span class="smcap">Little Tern</span>, <i>S. minuta</i>.—Spring: -Spurn, April 15th, first. May 5th, many. Yarmouth, April 25th -and 26th, on Breydon. Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, May 9th, two. <span class="smcap">Sandwich -Tern</span>, <i>S. cantiaca</i>.—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 12th, first heard. -August 9th, "most have left breeding places." September 1st -to 30th, great flocks all round islands. <span class="smcap">Terns.</span>—Redcar, August -12th, all day passing; 13th, less. September 4th, great many -common Terns at sea; 11th, the same. Yarmouth, September -14th, flocks of young Terns to S. 22d May, at sea, going S.</p> - -<p>LARINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Gulls.</span>—Whitby, February 10th, <span class="smcap">Herring -Gulls</span> first came to cliffs early morning; July 9th, first -young on wing; August 29th, young and old left for sea. -Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 12th, <span class="smcap">Lesser Black-Backed Gulls</span> first returned -to nesting quarters. <span class="smcap">Little Gull</span>, <i>Larus minutus</i>.—Redcar, -September 9th, one young shot. Flamborough, October -3d, three shot. Languard <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 3d, two "Cream-Coloured -Gulls," the first seen here.</p> - -<p>STERCORARIINÆ.—<span class="smcap">Skuas.</span>—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, August 11th, several -chasing Terns. September 10th, two <span class="smcap">Buffon's Skua</span>. Redcar, -August 13th, one <span class="smcap">Richardson's Skua</span>; 31st, two or three; -September 7th and 10th, very plentiful at sea. Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -September 2d, many Skua along shore. Cley, 25th, some Skua -seen. Llyn Wells <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, October 10th, 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, flock of -130 "Boatswain Skua;" 13th, flocks of Gulls and Skua. February -8th, 1886, great numbers of Skua Gulls.</p> - -<p>PROCELLARIIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Storm Petrel</span>, <i>Procellaria pelagica</i>.—Languard -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, October 25th, 2.15 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one caught. Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, -October 31st, S.S.E., one struck, not killed; November 10th, -S., one at daylight on gallery. Kentish Knock <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, November -11th, night, several. South Sand Head <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 11th, two on -board. Hasbro' <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, 12th, twenty all night, four killed. Coquet -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, November 14th, N.W. (six), one caught on lantern. <span class="smcap">Shearwater</span>.—Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 2d, one, all black, seen. -<span class="smcap">Fulmar Petrel</span>, <i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>.—Yarmouth, October 31st, -caught at sea. Redcar, three shot early in November.</p> - -<p>ALCIDÆ.—<span class="smcap">Common Guillemot</span>, <i>Lomvia troile</i>.—Flambro', -February 5th, 1885, great number off breeding quarters. Longstone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, March 7th, many on the rocks, "are seven days -earlier than in 1884." Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, February 25th, "thousands -flying near nesting haunts." April 12th, "have taken to rocks."<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">- 53 -</span> -November 28th several Black Guillemot off island. <span class="smcap">Little -Auk</span>, <i>Mergulus alle</i>.—Longstone, October 14th, two. <span class="smcap">Puffin</span>, -<i>Fratercula arctica</i>.—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, April 12th, returned to nesting -quarters. Longstone, 14th, first seen, "four days earlier than -last year."</p> - -<p>COLYMBIDÆ.—Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 18th, two <span class="smcap">Great -Northern Divers</span> to N. December 13th, several <span class="smcap">Red-Throated -Divers</span> and two <span class="smcap">Great Northern Divers</span> off island. -<span class="smcap">Podicipitidæ</span>, Farn <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, September 15th, Red-Necked Grebe -seen off island.</p> - - -<h3 id="General_Notes"><span class="smcap">General Notes.</span></h3> - -<p>With reference to the rush of birds on October 16th and 17th, -Mr Thomas O. Hall of the <span class="smcap">Longstone L.H.</span> writes:—"October -16th. Starlings and Redwings commenced to come at 1.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, -and continued to daylight; after that they continued to come -all day, but not in large numbers. One Tree Sparrow. Wind -easterly. October 17th. An enormous rush of Redwing and -Starling; not many of the other kinds, only a few Blackbirds -and Larks. One Woodcock was injured against the lantern, -one Jacksnipe killed, also one Brambling. One female Redstart -seen. Several Woodcock were shot on the adjacent islands -by a boat from shore, so that there was a large flight. The -rush of birds was continuous from 1.45 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 5.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> The -greater part of the Starlings caught were young birds. There -were also some Knot flying round the lantern, but none struck. -The wind was east, with drizzling rain." Again, with regard to -the November rush which was continuous on the 10th and -11th:—"November 8th. A few Redwings and Larks heard -after dark, and one Fieldfare on the gallery at midnight. Wind -S. to S.W., moderate. 9th. A few Fieldfare heard through the -morning, and two Skylarks seen at 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Several Fieldfare -and Knot flying round from 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> till midnight; one Skylark -and one Fieldfare caught. Wind from S.W. to S.S.E., and -at midnight S.S.E. 10th. Fieldfares flying more plentifully -than in fore part of the night, but not striking. No other birds -seen. The flight of Fieldfares continued all day, one flock of -fifty and another of two hundred passed in afternoon, also five -Blackbirds and one Corby Crow in the afternoon. The Fieldfare -continued up to 10.38 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, when the weather became<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">- 54 -</span> -clearer. One of the large Snipe struck S.E. side of lantern at -9.45 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, and was almost smashed to pieces; one Dunlin also -killed; wind S. by E. to S.E. by S. 11th. Fieldfares, Redwings, -and Blackbirds coming all day and all through the night, -also Skylarks. One Jacksnipe killed. Wind from S. round by -E. to N.E., light, with passing showers of drizzle. 12th. The -same birds as yesterday still coming all day, and continuing up -to 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; wind from S.W. to W. by N., moderate. At 1 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -one Snow Bunting and a Brambling."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Farn L.H.</span>—Mr Thomas H. Cutting:—January 1st, 1886. -"Very large flocks of Golden Plover to and from land, a good -many Mallard and several Snipe on island; westerly gales, -hail and snow, with severe frosts. I was shown a bird picked -up on the main shore about three weeks previously, which I -identified as a Fulmar Petrel. I remember one being captured -about nine years ago."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Coquet Island L.H.</span>—Mr William Evans:—"October 17th. -Hundreds of Blackbirds, Thrushes, Starlings, Larks, three Woodcock, -one Snipe flying round lantern; one Woodcock killed, -and one hundred Blackbirds, Thrushes, Starlings, and Larks."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Dudgeon L.V.</span>—Mr J. F. Warder:—"Seagulls and Puffins are -very thin at the Dudgeon Station. Skua Gulls are seldom seen -here summer or winter."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Leman and Ower L.V.</span>—Mr John Bowen (Mate):—"November -13th. Large numbers of birds at midnight round the ship -and lantern. West (3), <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span> One Curlew, one Woodcock, one -Blackbird, three Starlings, four Thrushes, fourteen Redwings, -twelve Larks, and one Finch killed; the rest went away at daylight -to N.W.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Hasbro' L.V.</span>—Mr B. V. Darnell and J. Nicholas:—"June 7th, -4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S.S.E. (2), <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>, one Deaths-head Moth caught alive; -several small White Moths and Black Flies rested."</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Languard Point L.H.</span>—Mr Owen Boyle:—"July 4th, at 9.35 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, millions of very small brown-coloured Flies pitched on -lantern glass, and to keep the glass clear they had to be washed -off. They sting like a mosquito. Wind S. (1), <span class="allsmcap">B. C. M.</span>"</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Hanois L.H.</span>, Guernsey.—Mr Charles Williams:—"April 10th, -1885, Cuckoo, two seen on the island, and several Swallows, -Whitethroats, and Blue Titmouse, Yellow Wagtails, Yellow -Buntings, and Wheatears. The west end of the island was all<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">- 55 -</span> -alive with birds of passage. The morning fine; wind N., light." -"September 13th. S.E., cloudy. Silver-gamma Moth all the -evening flying about lantern." "September 17th. N.E. (4), -<span class="allsmcap">O. R.</span> Golden-crested Wrens, Redstarts, Wheatears, Wagtails, -Whitethroats, Blackcaps, and Swallows after midnight; a great -many killed, and fell into the water." "22d. Winged Ants -flying past lighthouses, some settled. S.E., <span class="allsmcap">B. C. V.</span>, 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>"</p> - -<p>In the great rush, October 15th, 16th, E.N.E. (4 to 5), <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>, -the species actually shown by the schedules as on migration -over the North Sea, were Redwing, Starling, Tree-sparrow, -Blackbird, Lark, Thrush, Fieldfare, Water-rail, Hawk, Redbreast, -Woodcock, Goldcrest, Snipe, Gray Crow, Snow-Bunting, Ring-Ousel, -Chaffinch, Carrion Crow, Wheatear, Rook, Linnet, Hedge-Sparrow, -Common Sparrow, Brambling, Short-eared Owl, Knot, -Wild Geese, and Jacksnipe; and on November 10th, 11th, S. by -E. to N.E., drizzly. Missel Thrush, Blackbird, Grey Crow, Thrush, -Redwing, Snipe, Dunlin, Fieldfare, Stormy Petrel, Lark, Lapwing, -Goldcrest, Starling, Curlew, Stonechat, Rook, Daw, Ducks, -Sparrow, Redbreast, Titmice, Short-eared Owl, Tree Pipit, Snow-bunting, -and Brambling, with doubtless many others not distinguished -at the time.</p> - -<p>From <span class="smcap">Malmo</span>, Sweden.—Mr Frank E. Newton sends a cutting -from a Gotland newspaper, of which the following is a translation:—"A -curious circumstance happened at the F[)a]rö Lighthouse -on the 20th October. About 8.30 in the evening a sharp -report was heard by the man on watch. He immediately went -up to the lantern to ascertain the cause, when he found two of -the panes of glass broken into small pieces, as well as three -"Alfoglar" (Long-Tailed Ducks, <i>Harelda glacialis</i>) lying dead -inside. There were also three lamp glasses broken, and a third -pane of glass cracked in many places. On the ground below -lay nine more birds of the same sort. The Ducks had come -from a northerly direction. The flight must have been at a -remarkable speed, as the quarter-inch thick glass was smashed -into many small pieces."</p> - -<p>Schedules have been sent in since the writing of the report -from <span class="smcap">Inner Farn L.H.</span>—Mr Thomas H. Cutting—ranging from -February 11th to March 30th, 1886, and recording a large -migration of Skylarks during the forenoon on February 19th to -the W.; also the movements of Blackbirds, Thrushes, Common<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">- 56 -</span> -Wrens, Lapwing, Snipe, Starlings, Golden Plover, Daws, and -"Black Crows." A pair of Wheatears on February 22d, at 5 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, and again a pair on March 25th. A small flock of Snow-Bunting -on March 13th, and three Fieldfare on the .30th.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Galloper L.V.</span>—Mr P. Frost:—From January 21st to April -12th, 1886, is specially interesting as recording the enormous -migration of Larks and Starlings, and in less numbers of Chaffinches, -Sparrows, Linnets, and Plover. On the nights of January -21st to 23d, two hundred and twenty-six were killed. Unfortunately -Mr Frost fails to state the directions of flights, but, judging -from the entries in the schedules sent in by other light-vessels -on the south-east coast, they refer to birds on passage -both to the Continent and our own shores.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Newarp L.V.</span>—Messrs C. Campbell and W. Rees:—From -October 21st to March 21st, 1886, up to February 14th. Crows, -Starlings, Larks, Chaffinches, Blackbirds, Thrushes, Fieldfares, -Bramblings, and Linnets in greater or less numbers to the W., -ceasing on December 11th, and again recommencing on January -23d to February 14th, and then from March 5th to 21st, Starlings, -Larks, and Crows passing to the E.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Swin Middle L.V.</span>—Messrs Pender and J. Barrett:—From -January 21st to April 3d, 1886; between January 21st to -February 15th. Immense flights of Larks, generally during the -night, and large numbers killed; also Starlings, Sparrows, and -some Chaffinches. On January 24th, five flocks of small birds -travelling from N.W. to S.E. On the night of February 14th to -15th, Larks still in great numbers, ninety on deck, and a great -many falling into the water, "for two hours the Larks were like -a shower of snow." March 28th and 29th, and April 1st, 2d, -3d, Chaffinches at intervals during the morning three or four -together, all were male birds, only one female seen. "Ducks" -(probably Scoters) "can be seen from this vessel eight or nine -months in the year, but on February 10th, 11th, 12th, we had -calms and fogs, and the Ducks sat on the water, covering about -a mile, the water being black with them."</p> - -<p>Lord Clifton writes:—"About twenty Swallows were picked -up dead after the northerly gales and rain of October 13th and -14th. Seven were found huddled together alive in a duck's -nesting-box in a stable, and one was found dead in a slipper in a -bedroom, so desperate were the efforts of the poor birds to find<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">- 57 -</span> -warmth and shelter. House Martins were similarly overtaken." -"Golden Oriole."—"On June 9th a bricklayer thought he saw -one, and on the 23d a woodcutter said he both saw one and -heard it whistle; our people about here are familiar with the -general appearance of the bird from its having bred in this park -in 1874 and 1875."</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">General Remarks.</span></h3> - -<p>A special point of interest in the report for the East Coast of -England was the large arrival of Pied Flycatchers at Spurn and -Flamborough in the first week in May 1885, with a north-east -wind. This immigration extended northward as far as the -Pentland Skerries (see Report from the <a href="#EAST_COAST_OF_SCOTLAND">East Coast of Scotland</a>). -At Flamborough the Flycatchers were accompanied by male -Redstarts.</p> - -<p>There was an enormous arrival of Redwings, commencing at -the Farn Islands on September 15th, and continued throughout -October and November to the first week in December, and -covering the whole east coast of England. There was also an -immense immigration of Fieldfares, which was specially observed -at the Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> from November 8th to 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> on -the 12th.</p> - -<p>Scarcely second to these in importance was the immense -flight of Bramblings, the bulk of which arrived in two great -rushes between October 14th and 17th and on November 11th -and 12th; this species being reported as more plentiful in the -eastern counties than ever previously recorded.</p> - -<p>The main body of Woodcocks arrived in two great rushes, -the "first flight" on the night of October 16th to 17th, covering -the east coast from the Farn Islands to Thanet, and the "great -flight" on October 22d to 23d and 23d to 24th between the same -islands and Yarmouth. After this. Woodcocks kept dropping -in at intervals up to the end of January 1886.</p> - -<p>It has been remarked in previous reports that the migration -of a species extends over many weeks, and in some cases is extended -for months. Yet it is observable that, at least on the -east coast of England, year by year, the bulk or main body of -the birds which strike the coast come in two enormous and -almost continuous rushes during the second and third weeks in -October and the corresponding weeks in November. Continued<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">- 58 -</span> -observation also proves that the earlier arrivals, as a rule, refer -to the young of the year, and the later to old birds, but with -many exceptions.</p> - -<p>Birds also continue persistently, year by year, to follow the -same lines of flight both in the spring and autumn, and at least -nine-tenths of the arrivals at the latter season come directly -from the east or from points south of east, moving to the west -and north-west. In the spring, when leaving the east coast, -they travel in the reverse direction, but still following the old -lines. The occurrences of migrants coming from points north -of east is quite exceptional.</p> - -<p>The fact of a double migration or passage of birds of the same -species across the North Sea in the spring and autumn, both to -the E. and S.E. and W. and N.W., is very clearly established -(see General Remarks, 1884 Report, East Coast of England, pp. -69 and 70). This phenomenon is regularly recorded on the -whole of the east coast, but specially observable at those light-vessels -which are stationed in the south-east district included in -this report; at the same time, it is invariably persistent and -regular year by year.</p> - -<p>An examination of the reports, seven in number, already -issued by the Committee, will show the extreme regularity and -precision in time during which the migration of each species is -carried on. This applies both to the vernal and autumnal -passage; in the vast majority of cases the commencement of -the migration occurring on the same day, or within a few days, -of a fixed period, so that it would not be difficult to tabulate in -advance with almost certainty the normal movement or migration -of each species.</p> - -<p>The arrivals of rare and occasional visitants have been unusually -few; perhaps those of chief interest are the occurrences of -the Arctic Bluethroat and Desert Chat at Spurn, the Black-Bellied -Dipper in Lincolnshire, the Woodchat Shrike, Serin -Finch, and Spoonbill in Norfolk, and the Spotted Eagle in -Northumberland.</p> - -<p>In the spring the earliest occurrence of our summer visitants -is as frequently recorded at the northern as at the southern -stations; instance the arrival in 1885 of the Swallow at Spurn -on April 8th; the Swift, several, on April 20th; and the -Cuckoo at Whitby on April 8th; and in 1886 the arrival of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">- 59 -</span> -Wheatears at the Farn Islands on February 2 2d. The line of -migration of the latter, as yearly observed at the Tees <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, is -from S.E. to N.W.</p> - -<h4><i>Addenda to "General Notes," East Coast of England.</i></h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Leman and Ower L.V.</span>—Mr T. Artis:—March 19th to 28th, -1886. On March 19th and 25th "Black Crows" N.W. to S.E.; -and between March 19th to 28th, Skylarks, Starlings, Chaffinches, -and others to W. March 28th, at 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S.S.E., fog. -One Fieldfare, three Starlings, three Chaffinches, one Woodcock, -and three Bramblings killed. Mr Artis also remarks, under date -of April 13th, 1886, 5 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>:—"I have to inform you -that this afternoon, being a calm at the time, I saw close to my -vessel, about three ship's length off, a very large creature which -I believe was some sort of a whale. I never saw such a fish -near the Leman and Ower banks (18 fathoms) before. It appeared -to be larger than the ship, and came from the N.W., -going S.E., and at 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> he was surrounded by spring -herrings—some thousands—leaping out of the water from three to four -feet. It was a beautiful sight."</p> - -<p>There is a very interesting schedule, which is carried forward -to the next report (1886), from the Longstone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, Mr -Thomas O. Hall. A Woodcock was flushed on the 3d of April -on the rock, which flew E. On April 7th, at 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, two -flocks of Hooded Crows passed to mainland, wind W., strong; -and on the 13th a small flock of Books passed to mainland at -7.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, wind S.E. and E. There was a great flight of Fieldfares, -Redstarts, and Wheatears, and other kinds, round the -lantern between 12 and 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> on the 28th April. As soon -as the wind shifted to the N.E. all the birds left.</p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">- 60 -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="HELIGOLAND">HELIGOLAND.</h2> -</div> - - -<p><span class="caption3nb"><i>Ornithological Almanac for 1885.</i></span><a id="FNanchor_11" href="#Footnote_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_11" href="#FNanchor_11" class="label">[11]</a> Contributed by Mr Gätke.</p> - -</div> - - -<h3>January</h3> - -<p>1st and 2d.—</p> - -<p>3d.—<i>Fringilla chloris</i>, very many. <i>Alauda arvensis</i> and <i>Turdus -pilaris</i>, numerous.</p> - -<p>4th to 8th.—Guillemots on hatching ridges in rocks by -thousands.</p> - -<p>9th and 10th.—</p> - -<p>11th, evening, N.E.—Extensive migration during the night: -<i>Numenius</i>, <i>Char. auratus</i>, <i>Tringa</i>.</p> - -<p>12th, N.E., light wind, 1 deg. frost, a little snow.—<i>Fring. -chloris</i>, very many; <i>cannabina</i> and <i>montium</i>, fewer; <i>Turdus -pilaris</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, <i>merula</i>, and <i>viscivorus</i>, numerous, the latter -individually. <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, pretty many; <i>Num. arquata</i> and -<i>Char. auratus</i>, all numerous, migrating overhead.</p> - -<p>13th, S.E., fine.—<i>Fring. chloris</i>, again very many, twenty at -one shot; <i>cannabina</i> and <i>montium</i>, also very many; <i>Turdus -pilaris</i> and <i>Alauda arvensis</i>, also very many; <i>Sturnus</i>, fifty to -sixty.</p> - -<p>14th, N.E., heavy, thick, overcast.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>Up to 27th, frost 3-5 deg., fine weather.—During the whole -time only stray birds: <i>Sturnus merula</i>, <i>Al. arvensis</i>, <i>Emb. -miliaria</i>.</p> - -<p>28th, 29th, 30th, S.W., overcast, mild.—<i>Fr. chloris</i>, very many. -<i>Merula</i>, <i>pilaris</i>, <i>Sturnus</i>, <i>Al. arvensis</i>, many passing on.</p> - - -<h3>February</h3> - -<p>1st and 2d.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>3d.—<i>Al. arvensis</i>, extraordinary many. <i>Fr. chloris</i> and <i>cannabina</i>, -also many. <i>T. merula</i>, <i>musicus</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, also pretty -many. <i>Char. auratus</i>, <i>Num. arquata</i>, many passing on.</p> - -<p>4th, southerly.—All the above, but considerably fewer. <i>Corv. -frugilegus</i>, a swarm of at least one hundred.</p> - -<p>Till 9th westerly wind, often fog.—Nothing. 9th, Guillemots -in rocks.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">- 61 -</span></p> - -<p>10th, 11th, 12th, S.E. and S.—Nothing. Stray <i>merula</i>. -Many <i>Fr. chloris</i>.</p> - -<p>13th to 17th, S.W., fog.—<i>Turd. viscivorus</i>, ten or twelve on -17th. <i>C. frugilegus</i>, a great flight.</p> - -<p>Up to 23d.—Nothing passing.</p> - -<p>24th, S.S.W., still, fine weather.—<i>Mot. lugubris</i>, one [male]. <i>Sax. -rubicola</i>, several [male]. <i>Anth. rupestris</i> and <i>pratensis</i>. <i>Alauda -arvensis</i>, few. <i>Arborea</i>, a couple.</p> - -<p>25th, S.W., clear, fine; in evening south.—<i>Corvus monedula</i>, -a tolerably great flight. <i>Turd. merula</i> and <i>iliacus</i>, pretty many. -<i>Viscivorus</i>, ten to fifteen. <i>Sax. rubicola</i>, [male]. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and -<i>rupestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, a great many. <i>Arborea</i>, a -few. <i>Fring. chloris</i> and <i>cannabina</i>, numerous. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, one.</p> - -<p>26th, S.W., early fog; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> clear, fine.—<i>Corv. frugilegus</i>, ten -thousands. <i>Cornix</i>, few. <i>Sturnus</i>, many. <i>Merula</i>, few. <i>Alauda</i> -passing on overhead. <i>S. rubicola</i>, several <i>Fr. chloris</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, -<i>cœlebs</i>, many, particularly the first. <i>F. domesticus</i>, a great -flight passing high overhead eastward. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and -<i>rupestris</i>, many. <i>Mot. lugubris</i>, a fine [male]. <i>Char. auratus</i>, -<i>vanellus</i>, and <i>hiaticula</i>. <i>Fr. alpina</i> and. <i>Num. arquata</i> all -migrating in great numbers.</p> - -<p>27th, S., S.S.E. forenoon, fog; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> clear, fine.—All the above, -but less in number. <i>Mot. lugubris</i>, fine [male].</p> - -<p>28th, S.W., still, dense fog.—<i>Corv. frugilegus</i>, flights overhead -passing. <i>Sax. rubicola</i>, two in the garden. <i>Mot. lugubris</i>, fine -old [male]. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, a few. <i>Anser cinereus</i>, seventeen passing -low overhead.</p> - - -<h3>March</h3> - -<p>1st, early, 8 to 9, fog, still; later, N., light, clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.W., -fresh.—<i>Merula</i>, early a couple hundreds.</p> - -<p>2d.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, one old bird. <i>Accentor</i>, several in the -garden.</p> - -<p>3d, S.S.W. to S.E.—<i>F. tinnunculus</i>. <i>Corv. frugilegus</i>, many. -<i>Cornix</i>, few. <i>Alauda arvensis</i>, <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, -few. <i>Fr. cannabina</i>, many. <i>Chloris</i>, fewer. <i>Char. vanellus</i>, ten -to fifteen. <i>Auratus</i>, a couple.</p> - -<p>4th.—Almost nothing: A few <i>Al. arvensis</i> and <i>alpestris</i>. -<i>Emb. schœniclus</i> and <i>nivalis</i>.</p> - -<p>5th, N.W., light, overcast.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, one old 6. <i>Corv. frugilegus</i><span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">- 62 -</span> -and <i>Sturnus</i>, not many. <i>Merula</i>, several. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, -very many, numerous flights overload passing. <i>Mot. lugubris</i>, a -few females and young male. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, several. <i>Char. -vanellus</i>, thousands. <i>Auratus</i>, hundreds. <i>Hiaticula</i>, twenty to -fifty. <i>Num. arquata</i> and <i>Fring. alpina</i>, many. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, -one.</p> - -<p>6th, N.E., fresh, little wet snow.—<i>Milvus</i>, one. <i>Sturnus</i>, -<i>merula</i>, and <i>scolopax</i>, several. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, several large flights. -<i>Ans. albifrons</i>, one, one year old.</p> - -<p>7th, N.W. to W., clear, cold 1 deg.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, one [male]. <i>Sturnus</i> -and <i>Alauda</i>, stray birds. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, -somewhat more.</p> - -<p>8th, W., S.W.; in evening fog.—Nothing. A few <i>Mot. lugubris</i>. -Few <i>Sturnus</i>. One Woodcock.</p> - -<p>9th, N.N.W., windy, cold, now and then fine snow, and clear.—<i>Corv. -cornix</i>, little flights. <i>Mot. lugubris</i>, a couple. Two -Woodcocks.</p> - -<p>10th, N.W., fresh, loose scattered clouds, cold.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>11th, N.N.W., fresh; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.E., clear, cold.—<i>Merula</i> and -<i>Sturnus</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>12th, W.N.W., slight wind, thick, almost fog.—<i>Merula</i>, <i>Anth. -pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>13th, N.W., fresh, misty.—Almost not a bird. A few miserable -Pewits.</p> - -<p>14th, N.N.W. to N., fresh, cold.—Nothing. A few <i>Mot. alba</i>.</p> - -<p>15th, N.N.W., windy, cold, overcast; in evening fog till -1.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>—<i>T. merula</i>, tolerable, ten caught in bush, 8 old [male], 2 [female]. -<i>Sturnus</i>, flights. <i>Mot. alba</i>, singly. <i>Vanellus</i>, early, some flights. -Four to five Woodcocks. Several Snipes and Plover.</p> - -<p>16th, W., violent, cold, overcast; in evening clear.—<i>Corv. -cornix</i>, six to ten. <i>Sturnus</i>, till nine in morning; flights of -hundreds and thousands. <i>Merula</i>, a few hundred. <i>Iliacus</i>, -fewer. <i>Mot. alba</i>, few. <i>Anth. rupestris</i>, some. <i>Pratensis</i>, none. -<i>Al. arvensis</i>, many. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i> and <i>cannabina</i>, few. <i>Char. -vanellus</i> and <i>auratus</i> passing on overhead. Woodcocks, three -shot. <i>Tr. alpina</i>, early, great flights.</p> - -<p>From two o'clock till daylight at Lighthouse.—<i>Sturnus -vulgaris</i>, extraordinary many, 300 to 400 being caught. <i>Merula</i>, -very many, <i>Alauda</i>, <i>Char. vanellus</i> and <i>auratus</i>, also very -many. Also ducks.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">- 63 -</span></p> - -<p>17th, W., fresh, overcast, cold; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> wind heavy.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>18th, and 19th, W. and N.W., windy, very cold.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>20th, W.S.W., very heavy, thick.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>21st, N.W. to N., stormy, hail showers.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>22d and 23d, N.E., hail, snow.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>24th, E. by N., light, clear; in evening frost.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>25th, E. by S., light, overcast.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>26th, calm, overcast; in evening clear and cold, S.E., light.</p> - -<p><i>F. peregrinus</i>, one. <i>Corv. cornix</i>, very many. <i>T. merula</i>, less, -nearly all old <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, thirty to forty shot. <i>Ral. -aquaticus</i>, a couple. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, some [male]. <i>Alauda alpestris</i>, -great flights. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, and <i>chloris</i>, pretty many. -<i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, do. <i>Vanellus</i> and <i>Tr. alpina</i> -passing on overhead early.</p> - -<p>27th, S.S.W. violent, overcast, cold; in evening ten o'clock -fog.—<i>F. æsalon</i> [male]. <i>Lanius major</i>, one. <i>Corv. cornix</i>, early, a -few great flights, very high, 1000 feet, passing on. <i>Turdus</i>, -<i>Fringilla</i>, <i>Anthus</i>, stray birds. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, a couple old [male]. -<i>Fr. montana</i>, some (the first). <i>Col. palumbus</i>, pretty many. -<i>Vanellus</i>, early, pretty many. <i>Scolopax</i>, twenty to thirty been -shot.</p> - -<p>28th, N.N.W., slight; early overcast, later clear, fine.—<i>Corv. -cornix</i>, single flights. <i>Sturnus</i>, some flights. <i>Merula</i>, pretty many, -only half of them black. <i>Musicus</i>, some. <i>Alauda</i>, <i>Fringilla</i>, -<i>Anthus</i>, few. <i>Alauda alpestris</i>, some flights. Woodcocks, 140 -to 150 being shot. <i>Sy. rufa</i>, two in garden.</p> - -<p>29th, northerly, light, clear, early hoar-frost.—<i>Corv. cornix</i>, -not many. <i>Monedula</i> and <i>frugilegus</i>, pretty numerous. <i>Sturnus</i>, -small flights. <i>Merula</i>, early, pretty many. <i>Iliacus</i>, scattered. -<i>Sy. rubecula</i>, a couple. <i>Regulus flavicapillus</i>, two. <i>Mot. alba</i>, -several small flights and single birds. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and -<i>rupestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i> and <i>citrinella</i>. <i>F. -cœlebs</i>, all very single. <i>Scolopax</i>, about twenty shot.</p> - -<p>30th, E., S.S.E., slight, clear, fine, early, very sharp hoar-frost, -in evening E.N.E., cool.—All the above, but in little numbers.</p> - -<p><i>T. viscivorus</i>, daily a few; never coming numerous. <i>Char. -auratus</i> and <i>vanellus</i>, as <i>Tot. calidris</i> only singly. Ought to -have been <i>merula</i> and <i>scolopax</i>, but if hoar-frost turns up early, -there is never much visible migration.</p> - -<p>31st, S.E., quite light, clear, strong hoar-frost, during daytime<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">- 64 -</span> -warm.—Early, nothing, and during daytime almost nothing, in -spite of fine weather. <i>C. cornix</i> and <i>monedula</i>, very single small -flights. No <i>Sturnus</i>, no <i>merula</i>, no Woodcocks shot. <i>S. titys</i>, -one. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, <i>chloris</i>, as <i>Anthus</i> all very single.</p> - -<p>Strange, that in forenoon, after all hoar-frost had disappeared, -and it became quite warm and sunny, not a <i>merula</i> or <i>scolopax</i> -arrived, and no Crows passed, the few flights of the latter passing -surprisingly high, certainly several thousand feet, which is -very uncommon, as the usual normal boundary is 500 to -600 feet. Can this give rise to the conclusion that other species -whose normal route of migration lays always very high, should -under the influence of hoar-frost migrate so high that they can -neither be seen nor heard, which would be in the case of Crows -about 10,000 feet?</p> - -<p>In rare cases I have seen Rooks and Daws pass so high, that -my attention being roused by their call, they were only visible -in the shape of very fine dust.</p> - -<p>The same also happens that under favourable atmospheric -circumstances, the calls sound down clear from a height to -which the sense of sight is unable to penetrate.</p> - - -<h3>April</h3> - -<p>1st, westerly, slight sunny; warmer. Highest cirri, N.O.—Only -very little visible migration. The few flights of <i>Corv. cornix</i> -and <i>monedula</i> extraordinary high, 3000 to 4000 feet. <i>Merula</i>, -not many; more than half old [female]. <i>Musicus</i> and <i>iliacus</i>, some. -<i>Rubecula</i>, <i>Accentor</i>, <i>Regulus fl.</i>, <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubicola</i>, all -only few. <i>Mot. alba</i>, <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, pretty -many. Larks, few. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, and -<i>montium</i>, all pretty many. <i>Scolopax rusticula</i>, a couple. <i>Anas -nigra</i> [male], very many on the sea.</p> - -<p>2d, N.N.W., light; early fog, flying clouds, W.S.W.; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -North overcast, cold.—Nothing during daytime. Early, from -three to four o'clock, Woodcocks and Thrushes, Five to seven -fog; in evening cold, clouds very slow from North. <i>Sy. titys</i>, -a couple. <i>Merula</i>, very few.</p> - -<p>3d, N.E., fresh, cold, clear; early, hasty cloud-flocks.—Nothing. -<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, of each a couple. <i>Merula</i>, passing -the whole day singly. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Scolopax</i>, -singly.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">- 65 -</span></p> - -<p>4th, N.E., slight, cool, clear; in evening, E. by S., cloudy.—Nothing. -<i>Merula</i>, passing singly the whole day. <i>F. æsalon</i> and -<i>tinnunculus</i>, a couple. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, pretty many, flights of -twenty to thirty. <i>Scolopax</i>, forty to fifty being shot.</p> - -<p>5th, S.E., fresh, thick, cloudy; hasty clouds, low, loose; cold.—Early -not a bird; during day few Starlings, Thrushes, Hedge -Sparrows, and Shore Larks. Guillemots arrived by thousands -in hatching places.</p> - -<p>6th, S.E., pretty sharp, later, stiller, clear, not cold.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, -<i>æsalon</i>, and <i>tinnunculus</i>, pretty many. <i>Corv. cornix</i>, -pretty many. <i>Monedula</i>, few. <i>T. merula</i>, few. <i>Musicus</i>, more. -<i>Pilaris</i>, some. <i>Rubecula</i> and <i>accentor</i>, several.<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, [female], -and <i>Mot. alba</i>, pretty many. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, very many, passing on. -<i>Fringilla</i> and <i>Anthus</i>, only few. <i>Col. palumbus</i> and <i>Scolopax</i>, not -many.</p> - -<p>7th, E., windy, overcast, cool; in evening, E. by N., rain.—<i>F. -peregrinus</i>, <i>æsalon</i>, and <i>tinnunculus</i>, several. <i>T. musicus</i>, few; -<i>torquatus</i>, a couple. <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, many; <i>rupestris</i>, few. <i>Al. -arvensis</i>, <i>alpestris</i>, and <i>arborea</i>, small flights. <i>Emb. miliaria</i>, -some. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, many on the move. <i>Col. palumbus</i> and <i>Scolopax</i>, -some. <i>Totanus glareola</i>, one.</p> - -<p>8th, E. by S., fresh, overcast, clouds moving from S.E. and -S.S.E. past; night cold, from 11 to 2 fog; early, at 5 o'clock, -again fog.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, very many, passing on -over the sea. <i>Mot. alba</i> and <i>Emb. citrinella</i>, pretty many. -<i>Miliaria</i>, less; almost nothing besides.</p> - -<p>9th, E. by N., slight, weather good, clouds from S.S.E.; in -evening, east wind, dark; during night rain.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and -<i>tinnunculus</i>, several. <i>C. cornix</i> and <i>monedula</i>, pretty many early. -<i>Turdus</i>, almost none. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, pretty many; <i>alpestris</i>, very -many. <i>Sy. trochilus</i>, two to three. <i>Rubecula</i>, many. <i>Accentor</i>, -tolerable. <i>Mot. alba</i>, many. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, fewer. -<i>Emb. citrinella</i>, many <i>schœniclus</i>, fewer. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, -and <i>cannabina</i>, many. <i>Par. major</i>, many. <i>Reg. flavicapillus</i> and -<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, also pretty many. <i>Scolopax</i>, only a few. <i>Sy. leucocyanea</i>, -two fine old [male], one of them nearly uniform blue.</p> - -<p>10th, easterly, light, thick, fine rain; in evening W. and W. -by N., light. During the past night, from 2 o'clock, very many -<i>Turdus</i> and <i>Saxicola</i> migrating. During the day extremely -many of all the above species passing over the sea.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">- 66 -</span></p> - -<p><i>F. peregrinus</i>, <i>æsalon</i>, and <i>tinnunculus</i>, many; <i>haliaëtos</i>, one. -<i>Corv. cornix</i> and <i>monedula</i>, pretty many. <i>Sturnus</i>, fewer. <i>T. -musicus</i>, many; <i>merula</i>, fewer; <i>pilaris</i>, very many, great flights. -<i>Sy. rubecula</i>, extraordinary many; not a single <i>Sylvia</i> besides. -<i>Accentor</i>, pretty many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, in astonishing numbers. -<i>Mot. alba</i>, <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, very many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, -very many; <i>alpestris</i>, in flights of hundreds. <i>Emb. citrinella</i>, -<i>miliaria</i>, and <i>schœniclus</i>, singly. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, and <i>cannabina</i> -passing in uncountable numbers the whole day till evening. -<i>Col. palumbus</i>, about ten. <i>Scolopax</i>, none. <i>Char. auratus</i>, <i>vanellus</i>, -and <i>hiaticula</i>, as <i>Tringa</i> and <i>Totanus</i>, very many migrating.</p> - -<p>11th, easterly, light, dull, very fine drizzly rain.—During the -past night, from 2 o'clock, extensive migration of Thrushes, -Wheatears, and all sorts of Longshanks; particularly uncountable -numbers of Pewits. <i>F. tinnunculus</i>, several. <i>Strix otus</i>, one -in the garden. <i>Turd. merula</i>, pretty many, almost all [female]; -<i>musicus</i> and <i>pilaris</i>, also many. <i>Rubecula</i>, very many; not a -warbler. <i>Accentor</i>, few. <i>Mot. alba</i>, many; <i>lugubris</i>, one. <i>Anth. -pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, many. <i>Emb. citrinella</i> and <i>miliaria</i>, -many; <i>schœniclus</i>, fewer. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, only a few. <i>Gallinago</i>, -early, extraordinary many. Early in the morning Pewits, -Plover, and <i>hiaticula</i>, extraordinarily numerous.</p> - -<p>12th, S.E., light, dull, overcast.—<i>F. tinnunculus</i>, <i>C. cornix</i>, -<i>Mot. alba</i>, only singly. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, pretty many. Altogether -little migration.</p> - -<p>13th, N. by E., slight, clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, wind somewhat fresher, -cool.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and <i>nisus</i>, as <i>C. cornix</i>, all pretty -many. <i>Turdus</i>, stray birds. <i>Sylvia</i> and Wheatears, almost -none. <i>Sy. titys</i>, one [male]. <i>Motacilla</i>, <i>Anthus</i>, and <i>Accentor</i>, only -few. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, many great flights. <i>Fringilla</i>, pretty many, -especially <i>cannabina</i>. <i>Columba</i> and <i>Scolopax</i>, a few. <i>Lar. glacialis</i>, -one young bird in summer plumage shot.</p> - -<p>14th, northerly, quite light, clear, air cool; in evening overcast.—Very -slight migration. Several little Falcons, <i>æsalon</i>, now, -females and young. <i>Corv. cornix</i> and <i>monedula</i>, early some. -<i>Turdus</i>, almost none. <i>Sylvia</i>, none at all. <i>Fringilla</i>, very few; -one <i>linaria</i>. <i>Mot. flava</i>, some, the first. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and -<i>rupestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Alauda alpestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Char. -auratus</i>, one fine old bird, in summer plumage. No Pigeons; -no Woodcocks.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">- 67 -</span></p> - -<p>15th, S.E., almost calm during night and early morning, very -fine rain, cool.—Very little migration; a few little Falcon; early -a few flights of Crows. <i>T. torquatus</i>, <i>merula</i>, <i>musicus</i>, <i>pilaris</i>, all -singly. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, <i>rufa</i>, and <i>Accentor</i>, only very singly. <i>Al. -alpestris</i>, very many. <i>Fringilla</i>, singly. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, some. -Woodcocks, three shot.</p> - -<p>16th, E., early slight; in evening, fresh, clear, wind cool.—Very -little migration, as previous day. <i>Sylvia trochilus</i>, some. -<i>Mot. flava</i>, several <i>Anth. arborea</i>, one. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, one. <i>Fr. -coccothraustes</i>, a couple.</p> - -<p>17th, E. and N.E., very fresh, clear, wind cool—Extremely -little migration. <i>F. peregrinus</i>, one fine old bird. Little Falcons -and <i>F. nisus</i>, pretty many; <i>æsalon</i>, only females and young -males. <i>T. musicus</i>, few; <i>merula</i>, old [male], but only with half a -tail. <i>Sy. leucocyanea</i>, one [male]; <i>trochilus</i> and <i>rubecula</i>, a few. -<i>Accentor</i>, few. <i>Fringilla</i>, very few; <i>coccothraustes</i>, one.</p> - -<p>18th, E. by N., fresh, clear, a little warmer.—Very little -migration. <i>Mot. flava</i>, <i>Hir. rustica</i>, <i>Anth. arborea</i>, some. <i>F. -coccothraustes</i>, one in garden; everything besides very singly. -Still too cold.</p> - -<p>19th, E. by S., S.S.E., slight, quite clear, warm.—<i>F. æsalon</i> -and <i>tinnunculus</i>, pretty many, all [female]. <i>Corv. cornix</i>, extraordinary -many; even late in afternoon passing on overhead till 6 o'clock, -which is the greatest exception, as the normal migration ceases -by 2 o'clock in the afternoon. <i>T. musicus</i>, pretty many; <i>merula</i>, -still pretty many, females; <i>pilaris</i>, many; viscivorus, singly. -<i>Sylvia</i>, stray birds. <i>Regulus</i>, <i>Accentor</i>, ditto. <i>Saxicola</i>, tolerable, -females. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, some; <i>alpestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, -a few. <i>Cic. alba</i>, one. <i>Scolopax</i>, five to six being shot. <i>Rallus</i>, -some. <i>Numenius</i> and <i>Totanus</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>20th, S.W., little wind, clear, bank to northward, W. and -N.W., freshing up; in evening, light.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, -females, a few; <i>Buteo</i>, one; <i>Corvus</i>, stray birds. <i>T. musicus</i>, -early, pretty many; <i>torquatus</i> and <i>merula</i>, females, singly. -<i>Sylvia</i>, almost none; a few <i>trochilus</i> and <i>rubecula</i>. Anth. pratensis, -few; <i>arborea</i>, a couple. <i>Fringilla</i>, few; two <i>coccothraustes</i>; -just before evening, a large flight of <i>montifringilla</i>, about 100 to -150. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, few small flights. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, ten to -twenty. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, early many. <i>Scolopax</i>, few. <i>Char. -auratus</i>, one fine old bird.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">- 68 -</span></p> - -<p>21st, W.N.W. and N.W.—During past night extensive migration -of all Longshanks; as small birds, commencing already at -10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> on 20th.</p> - -<p>During the day all those of yesterday, but only very singly.</p> - -<p>22d, S.W., light, slightly cloudy, the first warm day.—Again -little migration; everything there, but singly. No Bluethroats; -no <i>Sylviæ</i>, <i>curruca</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>. One <i>Mot. flava</i> and one <i>Raii</i>, -<i>Anth. arborea</i>, <i>Hir. rustica</i>, of each a small party of about fifteen -to twenty. <i>Al. alpestris</i> still up to 100 during the day.</p> - -<p>23d, S.W., light, overcast; in night, very fine rain.—<i>F. æsalon</i> -and <i>tinnunculus</i>, females, some. <i>C. cornix</i>, a small flight. -<i>Sturnus</i>, still only few. <i>Sy. luscinia</i>, one; <i>trochilus</i>, some; -<i>phœnicurus</i>, ditto. <i>Mot. flava</i>, few. <i>Raii</i>, one. <i>Anth. arborea</i>, -some. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, stray birds; <i>rubetra</i>, one; altogether very -little. A few small <i>Totanus</i>.</p> - -<p>24th, W., S., E.S.E., quite light, warm, slightly cloudy.—Early -not a bird; later in day the above, but very singly. Sixty to -eighty pilaris.</p> - -<p>25th, early, S.S.E.; <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, S.S.W., fresh, overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and -evening, quite light, S.E., warm.—<i>Emb. hortulana</i>, <i>Jynx torquilla</i>, -and <i>Up. epops</i>, the first ones. <i>F. æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and -nisus, few females. <i>T. musicus</i>, <i>torquatus</i>, and <i>pilaris</i>, not many. -<i>Anth. arborea</i>, some; <i>pratensis</i>, more, but not many. <i>Sax. -rubetra</i>, pretty many. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>trochilus</i>, pretty many; -no <i>suecica</i> nor <i>curruca</i>. <i>Mot. flava</i>, tolerable. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, few, -small flights. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, and <i>cannabina</i>, scattered. -<i>Tot. ochropus</i>, some, <i>Num. arquata</i>, still a few flights. <i>Ard. -cinerea</i>, a couple.</p> - -<p>26th, S.S.W., slight, thick, overcast, but will not rain; in -evening, E.S.E.—<i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, a fine old male in garden. <i>Sy. -cinerea</i>, <i>curruca</i>, <i>phragmitis</i>, and <i>locustella</i>, the first ones.</p> - -<p><i>F. æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and <i>nisus</i>, females, scattered. <i>T. -musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, pretty many. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>trochilus</i>, -tolerable; <i>phœnicurus</i>, less; no <i>suecica</i>. <i>Anth. arborea</i>, <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>., not many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, tolerable; <i>alba</i>, still -some. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, a small flight; <i>alpestris</i>, few. <i>Fringillæ</i>, -scattered. <i>Up. epops</i>, <i>I. torquilla</i>, some. <i>Crex pratensis</i>, several. -<i>Scol. gallinula</i>, some. <i>Char. auratus</i>, fine old birds. <i>Morinellus</i>, -some.</p> - -<p>27th, S.E., fresh, thick, overcast, clouds moving from S.S.W.;<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">- 69 -</span> -all evening, E. and E. by N.; fog and rain all night.—Early, -at 5 o'clock, many <i>T. musicus</i>; at 8 o'clock everything gone. -<i>Hir. urbica</i>, <i>riparia</i>, <i>cypselus</i>, some of each, the first ones. -<i>Trochilus</i>, <i>rubecula</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>flava</i>, <i>rubetra</i>—<i>M. luctuosa</i>, <i>Fringilla</i>, -all very single in course of day; no <i>suecica</i>.</p> - -<p>28th, N.N.W., slight, fog, above sunny.—Nothing. <i>Caprimulgus</i>, -one, the first. <i>Hortulana</i>, some.</p> - -<p>29th, E., slight, early at 5 o'clock fog, later clear.—Almost -nothing. Seasonable birds scattered.</p> - -<p>30th, E. by N. and E., fresh, thick, overcast, cold.—Very -little. <i>Torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>, some. <i>Pilaris</i>, several great -flights. <i>Sy. curruca</i>, several; other <i>Sylviæ</i>, few. <i>Suecica</i>, still -not yet. <i>Mot. flava</i>, tolerable. <i>Lugubris</i>, one. <i>M. luctuosa</i>, -some <i>Anth. arborea</i> and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, of each about -twenty to thirty. <i>Fringilla montana</i>, scattered since middle of -month.</p> - - -<h3>May</h3> - -<p>1st, S.E., very fresh, cloudy, hasty loose clouds, cold; noon, -clear, warm; in evening, fine, damp.—Early, almost nothing. -Noon and later, strong migration. <i>F. tinnunculus</i> and <i>æsalon</i>, -female. <i>Turdus</i>, few. <i>Sy. curruca</i> and <i>cinerea</i>, many. <i>Trochilus</i>, -few. <i>Phœnicurus</i>, fine old male. <i>Suecica</i>, none at all. -<i>M. luctuosa</i>, pretty many, fine old males. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, female; -and <i>rubetra</i>, many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, in afternoon extremely many. -<i>Anth. arborea</i> and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, many. <i>Fringilla</i>, stray birds. -<i>Tot. ochropus</i> and <i>glareola</i>, several. <i>Glottis</i>, one. No Swallows.</p> - -<p>2d, S.E., light, warm, thick fine rain; in evening, E, fresh, -cooler.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and <i>nisus</i>, <i>Buteo</i>, and <i>haliaëtos</i>; -<i>Strix brachyotus</i>, pretty many. <i>Lan. collurio</i>, some [male]. <i>T. -torquatus</i>, extremely many. <i>Musicus</i>, also many. <i>Pilaris</i>, very -great flights. <i>Sy. cinerea</i>, <i>curruca</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>, [male], -all pretty many. <i>Trochilus</i>, only few. <i>Sibilatrix</i>, one. <i>Suecica</i>, -some males. <i>M. luctuosa</i>. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, many. -<i>Mot. flava</i>, many. <i>Anth. arborea</i>, extremely many; <i>pratensis</i>, -fewer. <i>Campestris</i>, one. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, extremely many. -<i>Schœniclus</i>, some. <i>Fringilla</i>, but few. <i>Scol. gallinago</i>, few. -<i>Gallinula</i>, many. <i>Char. morinellus</i>, several. <i>Auratus</i>, just ten. -<i>Tot. glottis</i>, <i>glareola</i>, and <i>ochropus</i>, great contingent. <i>Tr. pugnax</i>, -several. <i>Cic, alba</i>, one.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">- 70 -</span></p> - -<p>3d, E., violent, rain, cold.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, many. -<i>Peregrinus</i>, one. <i>Haliaëtos</i>, one. <i>Strix brachyotus</i>, some. <i>Turd, -torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>, tolerable. <i>Sylviæ</i>, few. <i>Anthus</i>, few. -Campestris, one. <i>Emb. hortulana</i> and <i>Alauda alpestris</i>, some. -<i>Totanus</i>, <i>Charadrius</i>, <i>Numenius</i>, singly. Altogether slight migration, -too cold and too windy.</p> - -<p>4th, S.E., E., middling, dull, overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, sun visible.—<i>F. -peregrinus</i> and <i>subbuteo</i>, males; <i>æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, few. -<i>Haliaëtos</i>, one. <i>T. torquatus</i>, early, very many. <i>Musicus</i>, fewer. -<i>Sy. rubecula</i>, <i>curruca</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, all, not many. -<i>Suecica</i>, some males. <i>Mot. flava</i> and <i>Anthus</i>, few. <i>Hirundo</i> and -<i>I. torquilla</i>, some. <i>Sterna cantiaca</i>, high overhead, with plenty -noise, chasing by couples.</p> - -<p>5th, N.W., fresh, thick, cold, in night, N., fog; noon, sunny; -in evening, W., clear.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, <i>subbuteo</i>, <i>æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, -the latter few. <i>T. torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>, few. <i>Pilaris</i>, -more. <i>Sylviæ</i>, altogether few. <i>Rubecula</i>, still many during the -season. <i>Curruca</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, and <i>trochilus</i>, few. <i>Nisoria</i>, -some fine males. <i>Phœnicurus</i>, still pretty many. <i>M. luctuosa</i>. -many old males. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, still many. <i>Rubetra</i>, very many. -<i>Mot. flava</i>, pretty many. <i>Anth. arborea</i> and many. -<i>Al. alpestris</i>, a flight of fifty and one of seven. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, -many. <i>Fringilla</i>, few. <i>Coccothraustes</i>, one, female. <i>I. torquilla</i>, -some. <i>Cuc. canorus</i>, a fine male. <i>Char. morinellus</i> and <i>auratus</i>, -some. <span class="smcap">Sy. philomela</span>, one caught at lighthouse, the first since -about fifty years.</p> - -<p>6th, W., fresh, cirri, and low light clouds, W., sunny.—<i>F. -æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and <i>nisus</i>, the latter few. <i>C. cornix</i> -and <i>monedula</i>, a flight. <i>Sylviæ</i>, <i>Anthus</i>, <i>Motacilla</i>, all -but singly. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, a flight of twenty. <i>Fringillæ</i>, -scattered.</p> - -<p>7th, early, and forenoon calm, sunny; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, thick, suddenly -fresh, N.W. rain.—Very slight migration of season suiting -species. <i>Mot. flava</i> and <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, pretty many; both -species very often turn up with much wind, especially in -autumn. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, still in flights of ten to fifteen.</p> - -<p>8th, N.W., fresh, cold, early hail.—Nothing. <i>Num. phæopus</i>, -the first ones.</p> - -<p>9th, S.W., moderate, early rain, hail, thunder, later on clear.—Nothing.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">- 71 -</span></p> - -<p>10th, W., windy; in evening, very violent, thunder, lightning, -very cold.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>11th, N.W. and N.N.W., stormy, early rain and hail squalls.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>12th, N.W. and N.N.W., somewhat less wind, hail showers in -great intervals.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>13th, N.N.W., clouds from N., better, but yet cold.—Nothing. -Stray <i>torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>; some <i>Sylviæ</i>. <i>Mot. flava</i>, a couple -of hundred. <i>A. pratensis</i>, pretty many.</p> - -<p>14th, N. light, warmer, clear.—<i>F. tinnunculus</i> and <i>nisus</i>, a -few. <i>T. torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>, very single. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i> and -<i>trochilus</i>, very singly. <i>Nisoria</i>, one. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, some. <i>Mot. -flava</i> and <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, pretty many. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, ten to -twenty. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, some. <i>Urbica</i>, few.</p> - -<p>15th, N., light, early light rain showers, cold.—Nothing at all.</p> - -<p>16th, S.S.W., fresh, clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, a rain shower with hail; evening, -clear, light.—A few little Falcons. Early some <i>torquatus</i> -and <i>musicus</i>. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, half of them female. <i>Suecica</i> and -<i>curruca</i>, some. <i>Cinerea</i>, many. <i>Trochilus</i>, pretty many. <i>Phragmitis</i>, -several. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, pretty many, half female. <i>Sax. -rubetra</i>, ditto. <i>Mot. flava</i>, many. <i>Anth. arborea</i>, and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, -fewer. <i>Hir. rustica</i> and <i>urbica</i>. <i>Ch. morinellus</i>, some. -Starlings commenced building nest in hatch-box early to-day.</p> - -<p>17th, W., fresh, cloudy; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S.W.—Little migration. <i>Sy. -phœnicurus</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, and <i>cinerea</i>, as <i>Mus. luctuosa</i> and <i>Sax. -rubetra</i>, some. Swallows, but few.</p> - -<p>18th, S.W., slight, light cloudy, fine in evening, easterly light, -warmer.—Very little migration early. <i>Turdus</i>, very single. -<i>Sy. suecica</i>, a couple. <i>Phœnicurus</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, -tolerable. <i>Hortensis</i> appears. <i>Mot. flava</i>, many. <i>Melanocephala</i>, -some. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, tolerable. <i>Rubetra</i>, many. <i>Char. squatarola</i>, -a very fine male. <i>Morinellus</i>, a few.</p> - -<p><i>F. tinnunculus</i> and nisus, a few shabby females. <i>Subbuteo</i>, a -fine male.</p> - -<p>19th, S.S.W., slight, light cloudy.—All the above, but altogether -only slight migration.</p> - -<p>20th, S.S.W., light, light clouds; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and evening, S.S.E. to -S.E. fresh, cool.—In trifling numbers. <i>T. musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, -<i>Sy. trochilus</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>hortensis</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, and -<i>phragmitis</i>. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>. <i>Mot. flava</i>, and some<span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">- 72 -</span> -<i>melanocephala</i>; <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, and few <i>arborea</i>. <i>Hir. riparia</i>, -some. <i>Col. turtur</i>, two to three. <i>Char. squatarola</i>, three. <i>Tot. -glottis</i>, one.</p> - -<p>21st, S.E., violent, overcast; <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, stiller, S. rain; in evening, -light.—<i>T. torquatus</i>, few. <i>Sy. cinerea</i>, <i>hortensis</i>, and <i>atricapilla</i>, -tolerable. <i>Nisoria</i>, two to three. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, few males, -the most females. <i>Grisola</i>, one in the garden. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, -yet pretty many. Rubetra, many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, many females. -<i>Melanocephala</i>, some. <i>Anth. arborea</i> and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, few. -<i>Cypselus apus</i>, pretty many, passing on overhead. <i>Riparia</i>, -pretty many. <i>Char. morinellus</i>, ten to fifteen. <i>Tot. glottis</i> and -smaller <i>Totani</i>, pretty many.</p> - -<p>22d, S.E. and S. fresh, sunny, fine; in evening, violent, rain.—All -the above, but not numerous. Some <i>Sy. suecica</i> and <i>Sy. -hypolais</i>.</p> - -<p>23d, S.W., very violent, rain; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, clear, lighter; in evening -cool.—The above, but very singly. <i>Lan. collurio</i>, five to six, -one female. <i>Char. morinellus</i>, a few females. The females of -the latter known as being finest black, white, and rust-red -coloured.</p> - -<p>24th, westerly, slight, early thunderstorm, rain.—Almost -nothing. Thunderstorm, as fog and hoar-frost, put a stop on -almost all migration.</p> - -<p>25th, W. and N.W., light, rain, during day fine, but thunderstorm -clouds.—Everything, but quite scattered. A few <i>Sylviæ</i>, -etc. <i>Col. turtur</i>, a couple.</p> - -<p>26th, southerly, still; in night, rain, early clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, violent, -highest cirri, and lower light clouds from N.W.; in evening, -cloudy from S.W.—Early, much singing of Warblers, <i>trochilus</i>, -<i>curruca</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, etc., in the gardens. In course of the day, but -only scattered. <i>Sylviæ</i> and <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, and a couple of -<i>grisola</i>. During the night at about 2 and later, temporary fog.</p> - -<p>27th, light, W. and S.W., cirri N.W.; early light fog, later -thick; evening, clear.—<i>Curruca</i>, Redstarts, and Warblers as -Chats, all tolerable, but not many; also <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, young -male and female. <i>Mot. flava</i>, <i>Anth. arborea</i>, and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, -pretty many. <i>Col. turtur</i> and <i>Crex pratensis</i>, some.</p> - -<p>28th, southerly, light, fine, clear, highest little clouds, and -cirri from W. and W. by N., warm; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and in evening S.S.E., -clouds from W.—Early, very many <i>curruca</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>hortensis</i>. -<i>atricapilla</i>, and <i>trochilus</i> singing by hundreds in the gardens.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">- 73 -</span> -Later on <i>Lanius major</i>, one male. <i>Mus. grisola</i>, many. <i>Luctuosa</i>, -the same, the latter mostly females. <i>Mot. flava</i>, few -females. <i>Anth. arborea</i>, many. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, but single. -<i>Cypselus</i>, pretty many. <i>Hir. rustica</i> and <i>urbica</i>, the same. -<i>Caprimulgus</i>, a couple. <i>Col. turtur</i>, strikingly many, ten to fifteen -being shot.</p> - -<p>29th, S.S.E. and S., light, clouds from W.; noon, wind suddenly -N.W., violent, clear, thunderstorm clouds from S. by W.—All -those as yesterday, but much fewer. <i>Falco subbuteo</i>, male. -<i>Tinnunculus</i>, female. 31. <i>grisola</i>, many. <i>Luctuosa</i>, fewer, most -female. Hir. rustica, urbica, and riparia, as <i>Cypselus</i>, pretty -many. <i>Cuc. canorus</i>, one. <i>Col. turtur</i>, very many; these latter -do not mind violent wind.</p> - -<p>30th, S.W. fresh, clear, cirri W. and W. by N.—Early, nothing -at all. The whole day nothing.</p> - -<p>31st, S.W., violent, thick low speedy rain clouds; in evening, -N.W., cold.—Of course not a single bird.</p> - - -<h3>June</h3> - -<p>1st and 2d, N.W., fresh, very cold.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>3d and 4th, S.S.W., lighter; in evening, 4° calm, very warm, -clear.—Few. <i>Sy. hypolais</i>, one. <i>Mus. grisola</i>, pretty many. -<i>Col. turtur</i>, very many, up to forty.</p> - -<p>5th, S.S.W., light, clear, hot, every day outermost cirri, N.W., -26° C.—Seen, a great Grey Shrike, uniform coloured ash grey, -band through eye scarcely marked. <i>Mus. grisola</i>, <i>Hir. rustica</i> -and <i>riparia</i>, scattered. <i>Col. turtur</i>, many. <i>Pyrrhula rosea?</i> -yellowish-green, white band on wings, larger than <i>P. erythrinus</i>, -not obtained.</p> - -<p>6th, S.S.W., clear, fine; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N. and N. by E., overcast; in -evening, cool.—<i>Mus. grisola</i>, singly; <i>Hirundo</i>, some. <i>Col. turtur</i>, -several.</p> - -<p>7th, E. by N. slight, early overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, thunderstorm, rain, -W.; in night fog.—Nothing. <i>Sy. cinerea</i> and <i>Mus. grisola</i>, quite -few.</p> - -<p>8th, fog, calm.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>9th and 10th, N.W., violent, cold.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>11th, N., less wind, a little warmer.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>12th, <span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">- 74 -</span>W. slight, overcast; later on, clear from north. Cirri -from N. and N. by E.—<i>Hir. rustica</i>, some. <i>Ch. auratus</i>, one in -fine summer plumage.</p> - -<p>13th, early, quite calm, clear, later S.W. and S.S.W., warm, -fine; in evening, N.W. slight.—<i>Mus. grisola</i>, some. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, -<i>urbica</i>, and <i>Cypselus</i>, ditto. <i>Caprimulgus</i>, one. <i>Col. turtur</i>, some.</p> - -<p>14th, E., light, clear, warm, clouds from N.E.; in evening, -fresh.—<i>Lan. minor</i>, two, very rare appearance here. <i>Hir. urbica</i>, -some. <i>Cypselus</i>, many hundreds.</p> - -<p>15th, E. by N., slight, clear, warm; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.E., fresh.—Early, -many <i>Cypselus</i>, almost nothing besides. <i>Mus. grisola</i>. <i>Sax. -rubetra</i>, and <i>Fr. montifringilla</i>, very single.</p> - -<p>16th, N., fresh, clear, very cold, high clouds from W., low -loose ditto from East.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>17th, E.N.E., fresh; cirri from S.W.; low loose clouds from -N.E., cold; about dusk, thick with rain from S.W., but wind -E. by N.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>18th, E. by N., slight; in evening N., windy, cold, clouds -moving from N.W.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>19th, N.W. to S.W., overcast, cool; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, thick with rain.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>20th, 21st, and 22d, N.W., windy, cold.—<i>F. linaria</i>, one. <i>Hir. -urbica</i>, four to five.</p> - -<p>24th and 25th, S.E., clear, hot.—During the last days <i>Num. -phæopus</i> returning.</p> - -<p>26th, N., early cold.—Also <i>Hir. urbica</i> and <i>Cypselus</i> overhead, -but</p> - -<p>27th, N. by W., warmer.—Can scarcely be birds that have -done hatching. Young Starlings in hatch-box flew out on 26th.</p> - -<p>28th, S.E., slight, cloudy; in evening, E.—<i>Fr. rufescens</i>, one -young male, very faded, a slight rosy hue.</p> - -<p>29th, E.S.E., clear, hot.—<i>Hirundo</i> and <i>Cypselus</i>, many. -<i>phæopus</i>, returning.</p> - - -<h3>July.</h3> - -<p>1st and 2d, E. by N., and N.E. and N., clear, fine, wind very -cool, cirri from S.—<i>Hir. rustica</i>, several.</p> - -<p>Until 6th, northerly to E.N.E., clear, during day hot, great -dryness.—<i>Cypselus</i>, daily, pretty many, returning ones (?). <i>Numenius</i> -and <i>Char. hiaticula</i>, returning.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">- 75 -</span></p> - -<p>Until 9th, N.E. and E.N.E., clear, dry.—<i>Sturnus</i>, young birds, -daily flights of twenty to fifty.</p> - -<p>10th, easterly, clear, hot, dry.—<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, one young, -quite motley bird. <i>Sax. rubetra</i>, ten to twenty young birds. -<i>Numenius</i>, <i>Char. hiaticula</i>, <i>Tot. glottis</i>, young birds.</p> - -<p>11th, southerly, clear, hot, dry; in evening, thunderstorm -clouds, slight fine rain.—<i>Sturnus</i>, flights of twenty to fifty -young birds.</p> - -<p>12th, N., clouds from S.W., cold, dry.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>13th, E.N.E., clouds from S.W., cirri W., cool.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>14th, E.N.E., clear, hot; in evening, cool, clouds and cirri -from S.W.—<i>Sy. trochilus</i> and <i>titys</i>, some young birds. <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i>, some young birds. <i>Vanellus</i>, <i>Numenius</i>, <i>Tot. calidris</i>, -<i>glottis</i>, <i>Ch. hiaticula</i>, numerous, all young birds.</p> - -<p>Up to 20th, westerly, changeable, very trifling rain.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>21st, N., fresh.—<i>Vanellus</i>, young ones, hundreds.</p> - -<p>Until end of the month, northerly winds, almost always -violent and cold, with low loose hasty clouds. Migration -trifling, almost only Longshanks. The last week <i>Tot. hypoleucus</i>, -<i>Hæ. ostralegus</i>, <i>vanellus</i>, pretty many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, scattered; -all the named being young birds. No <i>Sylviæ</i>.</p> - - -<h3>August</h3> - -<p>1st, N., in evening N.W. and W.N.W., thick, cloudy.—<i>Sax. -ænanthe</i>, ten to twenty young. <i>Vanellus</i>, <i>Tot. hypoleucus</i>, -<i>calidris</i>, and <i>glottis</i>; <i>Numenius</i>, all but stray birds and young -ones.</p> - -<p>Up to 5th, N.E. and N.; in evening, light, S.E., quite calm, -fine rain.—On the 5th, from 10 o'clock in the evening, very -strong migration of <i>Tringæ</i> and <i>Totanus</i> of all species, as <i>Ch. -hiaticula</i> and <i>Num. phœopus</i> during the day. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and -<i>Sy. trochilus</i>, young ones.</p> - -<p>6th, easterly, light, clouds from south; in evening, N.E.—<i>Trochilus</i>, -as all the above Longshanks. <i>Char. auratus</i>, young -ones appear.</p> - -<p>7th, W., light, clouds south; night and early morning, heavy -rain; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, clear, warm, fine.—<i>Mus. grisola</i>, <i>Sy. trochilus</i>, and -<i>phragmitis</i>, few. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, young, pretty many; <i>rubetra</i>, -fewer. <i>Upupa</i>, one. <i>Cuculus</i>, some young ones. <i>Charadrius</i>, -<i>Totanus</i>, <i>Tringa</i>, etc., etc.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">- 76 -</span></p> - -<p>8th, westerly, light, rain; later on, clear; in evening, slight -E.—Single <i>ænanthe</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, and <i>Ch. auratus</i>, jr.</p> - -<p>9th, N.W., windy; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, stiller, fine.—Nothing besides few -Wheatears.</p> - -<p>10th, south, fresh, clear, warm, fine.—Several <i>trochilus</i> and -<i>phragmitis</i>; <i>ænanthe</i>, not many. Longshanks, pretty many.</p> - -<p>11th, 12th, 13th, W.N.W. and N.N.W., stormy, with rain -squalls. 14th, somewhat better—All the time no birds.</p> - -<p>Up to 18th, W.N.W. and N.N.W., violent to stormy.—Almost -no migration at all. <i>Sy. trochilus</i> and <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, very few.</p> - -<p>19th, N. by E., at intervals still, and rain squalls; in evening, -N.E., clear, cold.—<i>F. nisus</i>, jr., several. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i> and -<i>trochilus</i>, several; <i>cinerea</i>, many; <i>hypolais</i>, several, appears -always, but singly. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, pretty many, jr. <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, scattered. <i>Anth. -arboreus</i>, several. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, one. <i>Cuc. canorus</i>, several -young. <i>Char. auratus</i> and <i>hiaticula</i>, <i>Tr. alpina</i> and <i>minuta</i>, -<i>Tot. glottis</i>, three shot, all young birds.</p> - -<p>20th, early, E., fresh; noon, S.E., clouds and cirri the same, -cold.—All the above, but only few. <i>Cypselus</i>, jr., several.</p> - -<p>21st.—Nothing considerable.</p> - -<p>22d, early, E., light; later, westerly to north, slight.—<i>F. -peregrinus</i>, <i>nisus</i>, jr., several; <i>milvus</i>, one. <i>Mus. grisola</i>, many; -<i>luctuosa</i>, very many; all young birds. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, -and <i>trochilus</i>, many; <i>hortensis</i> and <i>curruca</i>, fewer; <i>hypolais</i>, -some—all young. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, very many. <i>Mot. -flava</i>, many. <i>Anth. arboreus</i> and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, pretty many. -<i>I. torquilla</i>, very many. <i>Cuculus</i>, several. <i>Alcedo ispida</i>, two -shot. <i>Crex porzana</i>, some. <i>Ch. auratus</i>, <i>morinellus</i>, and <i>hiaticula</i>, -many. <i>Numenius</i>, <i>Totanus</i>, <i>Tringa</i>, and relative species, -all very numerous. All the named, without an exception, young -birds.</p> - -<p>Freshly pulled out tail-feathers of <i>Musc. parva</i> been found.</p> - -<p>23d, N.E. and E.N.E., fresh.—All those mentioned on previous -days again in great numbers. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, jr., very particularly -numerous.</p> - -<p>24th, N., fresh,—<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, jr., again very many; but -besides those, less migration.</p> - -<p>25th, N.W., fresh.—Ditto, ditto, ditto.</p> - -<p>26th, N.N.W., light, overcast, cool; noon, warmer; in evening,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">- 77 -</span> -calm, E. (?).—The above, but only scattered during the early -hours. At noon, pretty many <i>Sylviæ</i>, <i>Anth. arboreus</i>, and <i>Emb. -hortulana</i>. <i>Caprimulgus</i>, some. <i>Picus major</i>, a couple. <i>F. -haliaëtos</i>, two been shot. All young birds.</p> - -<p>27th, early, calm, then light E.N.E.; in evening, cold.—<i>Turd. -musicus</i>, scattered. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, some. <i>Mus. grisola</i> and <i>luctuosa</i>, -pretty many. <i>Sylviæ</i>, less. <i>Saxicola</i>, pretty many. <i>Anth. -arboreus</i> and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, some. All young.</p> - -<p>28th, S.E. by E., fresh, clouds from N.W.—<i>Sylviæ</i> and <i>musicapa</i>, -but very scattered. <i>Saxicola</i>, pretty many. <i>Anth. arborea</i> and -<i>Emb. hortulana</i>, singly. <i>Ch. auratus</i>, few.</p> - -<p>29th, S.E. and E., light, clear, warm.—<i>Mus. grisola</i>, pretty -many; <i>luctuosa</i>, fewer. <i>Sylviæ</i>, few. <i>Saxicola</i>, pretty many. -<i>Mot. flava</i>, some. <i>Par. cæruleus</i>, some. <i>Ard. cinerea</i>, a couple. -<i>Char. auratus</i>, <i>hiaticula</i>, <i>Tringæ</i>, <i>Tot. glottis</i> and <i>calidris</i>; <i>Tringæ</i>, -daily more or less. <i>Num. phœopus</i> passing. <i>F. nisus</i>, daily -some.</p> - -<p>30th, early, E.N.E., clear, fine, thick clouds northerly; noon, -N., clear, cold.—Very slight migration of <i>Sylviæ</i>, <i>Mus. grisola</i>, -<i>Saxicola</i>, and <i>Emb. hortulana</i>. Early a few flights of <i>Num. -arquata</i> passing.</p> - -<p>31st, N.W. and W., fresh, cloudy, cold; in evening, rain.—Almost nothing at all.</p> - -<p><i>Note.</i>—Until end of the month all the mentioned species, -almost without an exception, young autumnal birds.</p> - - -<h3>September</h3> - -<p>1st, N. by W., fresh, cool.—Very little migration. <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i>, jr., pretty many. <i>M. grisola</i>, many in the gardens; -<i>luctuosa</i>, few. <i>Sylviæ</i>, single. <i>E. hortulana</i>, scattered. <i>Anth. -pratensis</i>, some, the first.</p> - -<p>2nd, westerly, light, clear, warm, in evening, east.—<i>Mus. -grisola</i> and <i>luctuosa</i>, many in the garden. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, and -<i>trochilus</i>, pretty many. <i>Sy. suecica</i>, some, the first. <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, many, young. <i>Anth. arboreus</i>, few. <i>Emb. -hortulana</i>, pretty many. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, <i>urbica</i>, and <i>riparia</i>, -tolerable.</p> - -<p>3d, S.E. and S.S.E., violent, clouds from W.; in evening, rain, -light.—The above, but fewer than previous day. <i>F. nisus</i>, some. -<i>Char. auratus</i>, several.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">- 78 -</span></p> - -<p>4th, S.S.W., light, early, dull, then fog; in evening, E.N.E., rain -torrents, violent N.E.—<i>Pyrrhula erythrinus</i>, one young bird. <i>Anth. -campestris</i>, one. <i>Sy. suecica</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>, and <i>trochilus</i>, <i>Mus. grisola</i> -and <i>luctuosa</i>, <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>—of all but few. <i>Emb. -hortulana</i>, single. <i>Mot. flava</i>, a flight of at least 100. <i>M. alba</i>.</p> - -<p>5th, S.W. and W., rain squalls, windy; in evening and night, -lightning.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>6th, S.W., fresh, clouds westerly; in evening, clear, light.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>7th, light, clear, S.S.W., high clouds west, lower clouds south; -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S.E.; in evening, rain.—Very few <i>Sylviæ</i>. Wheatears and -Chats, as <i>M. flava</i>; also some <i>suecica</i>; and about evening, some -<i>F. nisus</i>.</p> - -<p>At Cuxhaven and Bremen, fog.</p> - -<p>8th, S.E. and S., light; early, rain; noon, clear, S.S.W.—<i>F. -nisus</i>, jr., some. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, many. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, <i>suecica</i>, -<i>hortensis</i>, and <i>trochilus</i>, many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, pretty -many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, very many; <i>alba</i>, some. <i>Anth. arboreus</i>, -tolerable; <i>Richardi</i>, one. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, many, all young. -<i>I. torquilla</i>, some. <i>Up. epops</i>, one; appears scarcely ever in -autumn here. <i>Hir. rustica</i> and <i>urbica</i>, as <i>Cypselus</i>, many. <i>Picus -major</i>, one.</p> - -<p>9th, S.W., windy, rain, low clouds, W. high clouds; in evening, -N.W., violent squalls.—<i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i> and -<i>trochilus</i>, pretty many, in spite of the south-west wind and rain. -In night, stormy—thunder, lightning, rain, and hail.</p> - -<p>10th, W. by N. and N.W., stormy, rain squalls; in evening, -light.—<i>Luctuosa</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, pretty many in garden, -under shelter of shrubs.</p> - -<p>11th, S., lighter, overcast; noon, S.E.; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, rain.—The above, -but not many. <i>Sy. suecica</i>, pretty many. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, the -first old birds. <i>I. torquilla</i>; <i>Hir. rustica</i>, <i>urbica</i>, and <i>Cypselus</i>; -<i>Mot. flava</i>; <i>Scol. gallinula</i>.</p> - -<p>12th, early, N. by E., fine, clouds N.W.; noon, wind W., clear; -in evening, S.W., violent, rain; midnight, storm, No. 9.—The -above, but few. <i>Char. auratus</i> and <i>Tot. calidris</i>, some.</p> - -<p>13th, W., stormy, clear.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>14th, W., moderate, clouds S.W., cirri N.W.—<i>Hum. arquata</i>, -almost nothing besides; <i>Anth. rupestris</i>, the first.</p> - -<p>15th, S.W., rain; noon, sunny; in evening, lightning, with<span class="pagenum" id="Page_79">- 79 -</span> -clear sky.—Forenoon, nothing. Afternoon, <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>Sy. -trochilus</i>, single.</p> - -<p>16th, S.W., fresh; early, rain; noon, sun visible.—Nothing -during day. In evening, from 10 o'clock, migration of <i>Charadrius</i>, -<i>Numenius</i>, and <i>Tot. calidris</i>; also many <i>Saxicola</i>, two -score being caught at lighthouse.</p> - -<p>17th, early, calm, clouds, S.W., thick rain; 8.30, easterly; -11 o'clock, thunderstorm, with torrents of rain; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, E.N.E., -violent.—<i>Sylviæ</i>, but many scattered. <i>M. luctuosa</i>, tolerable. -<i>M. flava</i>, many. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, very many. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, -some. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, some. The first old Starlings and first old -Wheatears. <i>Crex pratensis</i>, <i>Char. auratus</i> and <i>vanellus</i>, several.</p> - -<p>18th, E. by N., moderate, overcast; in evening, N., fine, cold.—During -the past night, much migration. All Longshanks suiting -the season numerous. <i>Turdus torquatus</i>, <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, -and <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, many at lighthouse. Early, very many. -<i>Char. auratus</i> and <i>Col. palumbus</i>. <i>Turd. torquatus</i>, many; <i>musicus</i>, -fewer. <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, <i>suecica</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, <i>rubecula</i>; very -many. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, ditto. <i>Anth. rupestris</i>, very many; <i>pratensis</i>, -fewer. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, very many. <i>Crex pratensis</i>; -<i>Scol, major</i>, <i>gallinago</i>, and <i>gallinula</i>, both the latter numerous; -the first appears here always, but very single. <i>F. æsalon</i> and -<i>nisus</i>, some young. Altogether, very strong migration.</p> - -<p>19th, early calm, clear, light clouds W., vapour S.S.W.; in -evening wind S.W., fresh, thick, overcast.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, one; -<i>nisus</i>, some. <i>Sturnus</i>, some flights of fifteen to twenty. <i>Turd. -musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, <i>Num. luctuosa</i>, <i>Sy. phœnicurus</i>, <i>suecica</i>, -<i>rubecula</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, and <i>trochilus</i>, all pretty many. <i>Anth. arboreus</i>, -some; <i>rupestris</i> and <i>pratensis</i>, many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, many; -<i>rubetra</i>, fewer. <i>Emb. hortulana</i>, not many. <i>C. pratensis</i>, <i>Scol. -gallinago</i>, <i>gallinula</i>, and <i>Col. palumbus</i>, scattered.</p> - -<p>20th, early, light W. clouds, W. cirri; N. and N. by E. in -evening, wind fresh. Nothing.—<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, early, from 8th -to 9th very many arrived, but besides these, all the species suiting -the season, but singly.</p> - -<p>21st, S.W., violent, thick, rain; noon clear, N.W.; in evening -N.N.W., cold.—Nothing. Very few <i>ænanthe</i>.</p> - -<p>22d, N.W., fresh, cloudy; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, W., clear.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>23d, W. to N.W., fresh, overcast.—Nothing. <i>Char. auratus</i>, -pretty many. One Bat.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_80">- 80 -</span></p> - -<p>24th, northerly, light, cirri violent from W.; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, N.W. -Early not a bird; later on some. <i>M. luctuosa</i> and <i>Char. auratus</i>. -Winter Sparrows arrived.</p> - -<p>25th, westerly, light, heavy cumuli, showers of rain with hail; -in evening light northerly.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>nisus</i>, some. <i>Sturnus</i>, -many. <i>T. musicus</i>, pretty many. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, very numerous; -<i>phœnicurus</i>, many; <i>cinerea</i> and <i>curruca</i>, fewer; <i>trochilus</i>, many; -<i>rufa</i>, fewer. <i>Anth. arboreus</i>, few; <i>pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, -many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubetra</i>, many. <i>Mot. flava</i>, many; -<i>alba</i>, fewer. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, some; <i>arborea</i>, a couple, <i>Emb. -schœniclus</i>, very many; <i>hortulana</i>, fewer; <i>nivalis</i>, some. <i>Fr. -cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, some. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, several. <i>Scol. -gallinula</i> and <i>gallinago</i>, scattered. In afternoon a flight of <i>Corv. -cornix</i> of several hundreds.</p> - -<p><i>Note.</i>—It is striking that with such monstrous heavy -cumuli, that have the appearance of storm-clouds, so much -migration takes place. There must be better weather at -hand.</p> - -<p>26th, early calm, draught of air southerly, still so heavy -threatening cumuli at W. and N., but in spite thereof much -migration; in evening south-easterly, light, clear, clouds disappear, -therefore more favourable weather for migration.—Very -numerous migration. <i>F. peregrinus</i>, one; <i>æsalon</i> and <i>nisus</i>, -several. <i>C. corax</i>, a little flight, about fifteen. <i>T. musicus</i> and -<i>torquatus</i>, many. All <i>Sylviæ</i>, especially <i>rubecula</i>, very many. -<i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, many; <i>rubetra</i>, fewer. <i>Trog. parvulus</i>, pretty -many. <i>Anthus</i> and <i>Motacilla</i>, fewer. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, pretty many. -<i>Emberiza</i>, fewer; several <i>nivalis</i>; <i>cœlebs</i>, many; <i>montifringilla</i>, -fewer. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, pretty many. First Woodcock shot; -two or three more. <i>Gallinula</i> and <i>gallinago</i>, pretty many. <i>Tr. -alpina</i>, many; <i>subarquata</i> and <i>maritima</i>, of each a young bird. -<i>Sy. superciliosa</i>, one, <i>Anth. richardi</i> and <i>cervinus</i>, of each one.</p> - -<p>27th, S.E., slight, overcast.—<i>F. peregrinus</i> and <i>æsalon</i>, young. -<i>Strix brachyotus</i>, about fifteen. <i>C. cornix</i>, 400 to 500. <i>Sturnus</i>, -many flights. <i>T. torquatus</i> and <i>musicus</i>, pretty many. <i>Sy. -suecica</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, <i>trochilus</i>, and <i>rufa</i>, many. Mot. -<i>flava</i>, few; <i>alba</i>, pretty many. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, many; <i>rubetra</i>, -fewer; <i>Anthus</i>, few; <i>richardi</i>, a couple. <i>Fringillæ</i>, few, <i>Emb. -hortulana</i>, some. <i>Certh. familiaris</i>, several. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, pretty -many; <i>Cypselus</i>, some late. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, <i>Scol. gallinula</i> and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_81">- 81 -</span> -<i>gallinago</i>, tolerable. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, very many arrived about -evening.</p> - -<p>28th, E.N.E., slight, light clouds, sunny.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, old -and young; <i>æsalon</i>, young; <i>nisus</i> arrived about evening. It is -strange that <i>nisus</i> mostly and suddenly arrives late in the afternoon -in great numbers. <i>C. cornix</i>, not many. <i>Sturnus</i>, numerous -flights. <i>T. musicus</i>, pretty many; <i>torquatus</i>, fewer; <i>pilaris</i>, -some. <i>Mus. luctuosa</i>, few. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, many; <i>rubetra</i> ceases. -<i>Sy. rubecula</i>, <i>phœnicurus</i>, <i>cinerea</i>, <i>atricapilla</i>, and <i>trochilus</i>, numerous; -<i>rufa</i>, fewer; of <i>trochilus</i>, now mostly old faded birds. <i>Sy. -superciliosus</i>, two very fine specimens been shot. Another -warbler with light bands on wings, the size of <i>rufa</i>, wounded, -but not obtained. <i>Mot. flava</i>, few; <i>alba</i>, more. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> -and <i>rupestris</i>, many; <i>arborea</i> ceases. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, many; -<i>nivalis</i>, very many; <i>hortulana</i> ceases. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, many; <i>montifringilla</i>, -do.; <i>spinus</i>, some. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, a few. <i>Regulus -flavicapillus</i>, pretty many. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, many. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, -tolerable. <i>Scolopax</i>, pretty many; <i>rusticula</i>, five been shot. -<i>Ch. auratus</i>, many. <i>Tringæ</i>, many, all young birds. <i>Procellaria -glacialis</i>, a fine old bird with white head obtained.</p> - -<p>29th, S. by E., light, later fresh, S.E. clouds, S. by W. to W.; -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, wind S.W.; about evening rain. Storm notified from -America between 28th and 30th.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and -<i>nisus</i>; <i>St. brachyotus</i>—all, but singly. <i>C. cornix</i>, several flights -of hundreds; <i>frugilegus</i>, about eighty. <i>Sturnus</i>, some flights of -a hundred and above. T. musicus and torquatus, early, many. -<i>Sylviæ</i>, few. <i>Muscicapa</i>, over. <i>Reg. flavicapillus</i>, many. <i>Hir. -rustica</i>, tolerable. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, pretty many early in forenoon. -<i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, many. <i>Fringillæ</i>, few. <i>Anthus</i>, do. -<i>Scol. rusticula</i>, some.</p> - -<p>30th, early, light, N.N.W., clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, S. by W., thick, -windy.—Almost nothing at all. Only very scattered <i>C. cornix</i>, <i>Turdus</i>, -<i>Sturnus</i>, and <i>Sylviæ</i>. <i>Trochilus</i>, <i>Anth. arborea</i>, and -<i>hortulana</i>, over.</p> - - -<h3>October</h3> - -<p>1st, S.W.; violent in night, N.W., stormy. No. 7, heavy rain, -squalls strong, lightning.—Nothing. <i>Parus major</i> and <i>cæruleus</i>, -some.</p> - -<p>2d, N.W. to W., stormy, squalls, No. 7; in night, No, 8 to 9.—Nothing.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_82">- 82 -</span></p> - -<p>3d, S.W., thick, very stormy, No. 8.—Nothing. A great -flight of Snow Buntings. <i>Par. major</i> and <i>cæruleus</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>4th, S.W., fresh, overcast; in evening, S.W., clear to northward.—Nothing. -At noon pretty many young <i>Hit. rustica</i>. -Several <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubicola</i>. <i>Char. auratus</i>, ten to -fifteen.</p> - -<p>5th, S.W., stormy, early. No. 9; in evening and night, thunder, -lightning, and hail.—Nothing. A couple of <i>Par. major</i>.</p> - -<p>6th, W. by S., W. to N., violent; early, thunder, lightning, -and hail squalls; in evening stiller, W.—Nothing. <i>Hir. rustica</i>, -pretty many young birds; <i>urbica</i>, fewer. Some 31. <i>flava</i> and -<i>alba</i> and <i>Anth. pratensis</i>.</p> - -<p>7th, N. and N.N.W., better, clear; later, violent, with rain -squalls.—<i>C. cornix</i>, flights of hundreds. <i>Sturnus</i>, great flights. -<i>T. musicus</i>, scattered. <i>Mot. alba</i>, some. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubicola</i>, -both stray old birds. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, tolerable flights; <i>alpestris</i>, -scattered. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, not many. <i>Par. -major</i> and <i>cæruleus</i>, a little party. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, some. <i>Char. -auratus</i>, several. <i>Lar. minutus</i>, many at sea off the island.</p> - -<p>8th, W.N.W., fresh, cloudy; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, violent, overcast; in evening, -S.W., stormy. Scotland, low minimum.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, [male]; -<i>nisus</i>, jr., some. <i>C. cornix</i>, many flights. <i>Sturnus</i>, pretty many. -<i>T. musicus</i>, tolerable; <i>merula</i>, some jr.; <i>iliacus</i>, a couple. No -<i>Sylviæ</i>. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i> and <i>rubicola</i>, some. 31. alba, few. <i>Anthus</i>, -pretty many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, tolerable; <i>alpestris</i>, flights of -twenty to thirty; <i>arborea</i>, some. <i>Troglodytes</i>, many. <i>Fr. -cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, pretty many; <i>cannabina</i>, fewer. <i>Par. -cæruleus</i>, scattered. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, six to eight been shot; <i>gallinago</i>, -some.</p> - -<p>9th, S.W. by S., fresh, cloudy, rain; in evening, light, clear, -stars, on mainland S., slight.—<i>F. nisus</i>, some. <i>T. musicus</i>, pretty -many; <i>merula</i>, jr., fewer; <i>torquatus</i>, some. No <i>Sylviæ</i>. <i>Sax. -ænanthe</i>, tolerable. <i>Mot. alba</i> and <i>Anthus</i>, do. <i>Troglodytes</i>, -many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, many, especially passing on over the -sea numerously; <i>alpestris</i>, little flights; <i>arborea</i>, a couple. <i>Fr. -cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, and <i>cannabina</i>, many. <i>Par. major</i> and -<i>cæruleus</i>, some. <i>Hir. rustica</i> and <i>urbica</i>, tolerable. Few Woodcocks. -Altogether but slight migration.</p> - -<p>10th, S.W., violent, chasing loose clouds; in evening light, -southerly, misty; later clear.—Almost nothing. <i>T. musicus</i>,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_83">- 83 -</span> -<i>torquatus</i>, and passing on overhead; <i>pilaris</i>, some. <i>Fr. -cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, many; <i>cannabina</i>, fewer.</p> - -<p>11th, E.S.E., moderate; <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, rain; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, clear; in evening -E.N.E., light, clear.—<i>F. nisus</i>, some. <i>C. cornix</i>, innumerable -flights; <i>monedula</i>, very many. <i>Sturnus</i>, flights like clouds in -many thousands. <i>T. musicus</i>, tolerable; <i>torquatus</i>, scattered. -No <i>Sylviæ</i>. <i>Accentor</i>, a couple. <i>Troglodytes</i>, tolerable. <i>Mot. -alba</i>, some. <i>Anthus</i>, many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, many, extremely many -passing over the sea; <i>alpestris</i>, pretty many; <i>arborea</i>, single. -<i>F. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, <i>spinus</i>, not very many. -<i>Hir. rustica</i> and <i>urbica</i>, scattered. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, <i>Scolopax</i>, and -<i>Char. auratus</i>, all not many.</p> - -<p>12th, N.N.E., light; in evening S.W., slight; rain showers -during day.—All the above, but in considerably smaller numbers. -<i>F. peregrinus</i>, one old bird shot. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, very many; -<i>rufa</i>, also pretty many. <i>Accentor</i>, also many. <i>Reg. flavicapillus</i>, -pretty many. <i>Fr. linaria</i>, some.</p> - -<p>13th, S.W., violent, overcast, rain shower.—Nothing. <i>T. -iliacus</i>, flights; <i>musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, few.</p> - -<p>14th, S. by E., very violent, thick clouds, overcast.—Nothing. -<i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, <i>montifringilla</i>, and <i>cannabina</i>, some flights passing. -Thrushes, almost none. <i>Regulus</i>, some.</p> - -<p>15th, S.E., slight clear, middle high clouds from W. by S.; -noon, light, cloudy. Wind, E. by N., clouds from S. In evening, -E. by N., violent, clouds from S. by E. In night, east, very -violent, thick clouds from S.E.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, old; <i>æsalon</i>, -<i>tinnunculus</i>, <i>nisus</i>, of the latter three several. <i>Corv. cornix</i>, extraordinary -many, hundred thousands. <i>Monedula</i>, flights of -hundred and above. <i>T. musicus</i>, <i>torquatus</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, few. <i>Viscivorus</i>, -a couple. <i>Sylviæ</i>, very strayed. <i>Regulus</i>, do. <i>Accentor</i>, -none. <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, few. <i>Richardi</i>, one. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, very -many; <i>alpestris</i>, hundreds. <i>Emb. citrinella</i>, some. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, -numerous, passing on overhead, but so high that the call of -thousands over thousands could only be heard from aloft without -the birds being visible. <i>Scol. gallinago</i>, some. <i>Rusticula</i>, none.</p> - -<p><i>Note.</i>—According to the weather in the morning, there ought -to have been considerable migration—Thrushes and Woodcocks -but prominent westerly currents in higher regions acted -adverse.</p> - -<p>During the night to 16th, extraordinary strong migration of<span class="pagenum" id="Page_84">- 84 -</span> -Larks, Thrushes, Starlings, <i>Numenius</i> and <i>Charadrius</i>; also -<i>Strix otus</i> (?) was present, and robbed on the wing at light fire, -especially <i>T. musicus</i>.</p> - -<p>16th, E. and E. by S., violent, thick, low clouds S.E.; in evening, -light, E., uniform thick, damp.—Early, six to seven, yet -extremely strong migration of Thrushes, Larks, Finches, and -Starlings. <i>F. peregrinus</i>, <i>æsalon</i>, <i>tinnunculus</i>, and <i>nisus</i>, strayed. -<i>Str. otus</i>, some. <i>Lan. excubitor</i>, a couple. <i>T. musicus</i>, many during -forenoon; <i>iliacus</i> and <i>pilaris</i>, many during day. <i>Sturnus</i>, -very many. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, pretty many, besides no <i>Sylviæ</i> and -<i>accentor</i>, <i>Regulus flavicapillus</i>, pretty many. <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, -many. <i>Richardi</i>, some. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, early, many. <i>Pusilla</i>, -one. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, very many; <i>alpestris</i>, the same. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i> -and <i>montifringilla</i>, many; <i>cannabina</i>, fewer. <i>Par. major</i>, -pretty many. <i>Scolopax</i>, none. In the afternoon, from 5 to 6, a -bat flew about in the garden, chasing.</p> - -<p>17th, northerly, light, quite thick, with rain, low loose clouds, -slowly from N.W. and N.; after midnight, dead calm.—During -the early hours until 9 o'clock, extremely large flights of -Thrushes, flying about high, just as if bad weather was approaching. -<i>F. tinnunculus</i> and <i>nisus</i>, some. <i>Corvus</i> and <i>Sturnus</i>, few. -<i>T. musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, extraordinary many during the whole -of the day; <i>merula</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, and <i>viscivorus</i>, fewer. <i>Sy. rufa</i>, -many; <i>rubecula</i>, extremely many. <i>Accentor</i>, none. <i>Regulus</i>, -many. <i>Anthus pratensis</i>, many. <i>Alauda</i>, very few. <i>Emb. -citrinella</i> and <i>schœniclus</i>, some. <i>Fr. cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, -many, the latter very many. <i>Linaria</i>, some. <i>Spinus</i>, many. -<i>Par. major</i>, pretty many. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, twenty to thirty shot. -<i>Gallinago</i>, pretty many. <i>Rallus aquaticus</i>, some.</p> - -<p>18th, N.N.W., slight, overcast, easterly, horizon clear; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, -high cirri from E. by N., light, sunny, low clouds lazy from -N.N.W.—<i>F. æsalon</i>, scattered; <i>nisus</i>, some. <i>Str. brachyotus</i>, few. -<i>Corvus</i>, very single. <i>Sturnus</i>, some flights. <i>Lan. excubitor</i>, one. -<i>Turd. musicus</i> and <i>torquatus</i>, many. <i>Merula</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, <i>viscivorus</i>, -and <i>pilaris</i>, tolerable. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>rufa</i>, as <i>Regulus</i>, pretty -many. <i>Accentor</i>, some. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, pretty -many. <i>Al. arvensis</i> and <i>alpestris</i>, fewer. <i>Emb. schœniclus</i>, tolerable; -<i>nivalis</i>, some. <i>Par. major</i>, pretty many. <i>Fringilla</i>, not -many. <i>Linaria</i>, twenty to thirty; some <i>spinus</i>. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, -some. <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, about thirty shot. <i>Gallinula</i> and <i>gallinago</i>,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_85">- 85 -</span> -several. About eve a bat flying about in the garden, besides -two observed.</p> - -<p>19th, N.W., slight, light rain squalls.—Early, nothing. <i>F. -nisus</i>, some. <i>C. cornix</i>, some flights; <i>monedula</i>, fewer. <i>Sturnus</i>, -but few. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>rufa</i>, scattered. <i>Par. major</i>, few. -About eve Blackbirds and Finches arrived. <i>Linaria</i>, the same. -<i>Al. brachydactyla</i>, one male shot.</p> - -<p>During the latter days plenty <i>Lar. tridactyla</i> on the sea, also -<i>minutus</i>. <i>Anas molissima</i>, one old male shot.</p> - -<p>20th, N. by E., slight, quite cloudy, rain showers; later, N.E., -almost clear; in evening, clear, light.—Very little, more migration -across the sea. <i>Corvus</i>, few. Sturnus, many. Turdus, very -few. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>rufa</i>, few. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, pretty many; -<i>alpestris</i>, very many, in flights of thirty to fifty. Woodcocks, -but a few.</p> - -<p>21st, westerly, light, and rain showers.—Very slight migration. -<i>Sturnus</i>, pretty large flights. <i>Lan. excubitor</i>, one. <i>Turdus</i>, -very few. Woodcocks, early, very many, 150 to 200 captured.</p> - -<p>22d, E. and E. by N, light, clear, scattered clouds; in evening, -highest clouds from N., middle W., low, loose, hasty clouds from -E. by S.—<i>F. peregrinus</i>, a couple. <i>Corv. cornix</i> and <i>monedula</i>, -not many. <i>Sturnus</i>, early flights of 2000 to 3000. <i>Turdus</i>, but -few. <i>Anthus</i>, not many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, few; <i>alpestris</i>, many. -<i>Emb. citrinella</i>, some. <i>Fringillæ</i>, the same. Some <i>Col. palumbus</i> -and Woodcocks.</p> - -<p>The westerly currents in middle stratum of air may have acted -unfavourably on migration.</p> - -<p>23d, E. by S., fresh, light clouds from S.E.; in evening, E.S.E., -very fresh; clouds hasty from S.E., at 9 o'clock, thick, overcast.—<i>F. -peregrinus</i> and <i>æsalon</i>, some. <i>C. cornix</i>, very many; <i>frugilegus</i>, -in afternoon, flights of several hundreds. <i>Sturnus</i>, single -flights. <i>Sy. rubecula</i> and <i>rufa</i>, but strayed. <i>Reg. flavicapillus</i>, -pretty many, but yet no <i>pyrocephalus</i>. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and -<i>rupestris</i>, pretty many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, few; <i>alpestris</i>, many; -<i>brachydactyla</i>, one shot, No Thrushes and but a few Woodcocks.</p> - -<p>24th, early, S.S.E., violent, thick rain; 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, S.; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, -S.S.W., rain, clear to northward.—Early and forenoon, nothing; -afternoon, during calm, <i>T. merula</i>, <i>Sturnus</i>, <i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, and a few -Woodcocks.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_86">- 86 -</span></p> - -<p>25th, S.W. and W.S.W., fresh, light, rain showers; in evening, -lighter.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>26th, S.W. to S. by W., violent, thick rain; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, very stormy, -No. 8; in night, W. and W.N.W., No. 8.—Minimum, west, -Scotland; stormy westerly winds in Nordsea. Almost nothing; -very strayed single seasonable birds. <i>Al. alpestris</i> and <i>Emb. -nivalis</i>, the most.</p> - -<p>27th, W., lighter; during day, rain and hail squalls; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, -W.N.W. and N.W., lighter betwixt squalls.—Nothing; two to -three Woodcocks.</p> - -<p>28th, early, N.W., No. 7, rain and hail squalls; noon, S.W., -clear, high cirri and little clouds from E. by S.; in evening, W,, -lighter.—Nothing; early, few <i>merula</i>, young birds. Pretty -many <i>Al. alpestris</i>, and one flight <i>Emb. nivalis</i>.</p> - -<p>29th, light, overcast; noon, clouds slowly from N.E.; 3 o clock -in afternoon, E., fresh, wind and moving clouds.—<i>C. cornix</i>, many -great flights, thousands. <i>Sturnus</i>, a flight of 500 to 600. <i>T. -musicus</i>, few; <i>pilaris</i>, great flights; no <i>merula</i>. <i>Sy. rubecula</i>, -numerous. <i>Reg. flavicapillus</i> and Par. major, pretty many. -<i>Anthus</i>, few. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, pretty many passing on overhead; -<i>alpestris</i>, flights of hundreds; <i>arborea</i>, twenty to thirty. Woodcocks, -ten to fifteen obtained.</p> - -<p>30th, E. by N., fresh, overcast, cold, clouds from E.—During -the night many <i>Tringæ</i> passed. <i>F. æsalon</i>, several. <i>C. cornix</i>, -very many passed. <i>Sturnus</i>, extremely many. <i>Turdus</i>, altogether -few; <i>merula</i>, some; <i>torquatus</i>, few; <i>pilaris</i>, many. <i>Sy. -rubecula</i>, scattered. <i>Anthus</i>, pretty many. <i>Richardi</i>, one. <i>Al. -arvensis</i>, pretty many; <i>alpestris</i>, very numerous; <i>arborea</i>, some. -<i>Emb. citrinella</i> and <i>schœniclus</i>, pretty many. <i>Fr. linaria</i> and -<i>montium</i>, some flights; <i>cœlebs</i> and <i>montifringilla</i>, fewer. Woodcocks, -twenty to thirty shot. Very many Geese and Ducks -passed. <i>Cinc. melanogaster</i>, one fine male shot.</p> - -<p>Late in evening, many <i>Ch. squatarola</i> overhead passing; the -air full of call tones.</p> - -<p>31st, E. to S.E., very fresh, cloudy, cold; in evening, wind -again more easterly.—<i>F. nisus</i> and <i>buteo</i>, some. <i>C. cornix</i>, very -many; <i>monedula</i>, some flights. <i>Sturnus</i>, few. <i>T. merula</i>, few; -<i>viscivorus</i>, some; <i>pilaris</i>, many. <i>Lan. major</i>, one fine male. -<i>Sy. rubecula</i>, scattered. <i>Anth. pratensis</i> and <i>rupestris</i>, tolerable. -<i>Accentor</i>, the same. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, pretty many; <i>alpestris</i>, in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_87">- 87 -</span> -masses. <i>Emb. citrinella</i> and <i>nivalis</i>, pretty many; <i>miliaria</i>, -some. <i>Par. major</i>, many. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, extraordinary many passing -on overhead; <i>linaria</i>, a few flights; <i>cannabina</i> and <i>montium</i>, -some. <i>Col. palumbus</i> and <i>Scol. rusticula</i>, several.</p> - -<p><i>Note.</i>—In course of the month, almost no curruca at all; no -<i>Reg. pyrocephalus</i>; very few <i>Accentor</i>; <i>Lar. trydactyla</i>, already -early very numerous on the sea; <i>Sula alba</i>, the same; almost -no <i>Strix brachyotus</i> at all.</p> - - -<h3>November</h3> - -<p>1st, E. by N., fresh, clear, cold; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, light clouds from N. by -W.; in evening, cloudy, light easterly.—Not particularly much -migration. <i>C. cornix</i>, few flights. <i>Sturnus</i>, the same., <i>Turdus</i>, -none at all. <i>Rubecula</i> and <i>Accentor</i>, pretty many. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, -few; <i>alpestris</i>, very many passing on overhead. <i>Emb. nivalis</i> -and <i>Fr. montium</i>, pretty many. <i>Par. major</i> and <i>cæruleus</i>, some. -Woodcocks, few.</p> - -<p>2nd, S.W., pretty violent, overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, fine rain.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>3rd, S.W., pretty violent, overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, clear, little high -clouds N.—Nothing; at Cuxhaven, fog.</p> - -<p>4th, S.S.W., fresh, quite clear; in night, thick.—Nothing. -<i>T. pilaris</i>, a little flight. <i>Emb. nivalis</i> and <i>F. montium</i>, several -small flights. <i>Par. major</i>, ten to fifteen in the garden.</p> - -<p>5th, S.W., fresh, thick, with rain; afternoon, sun through.—Nothing; -a few <i>merula</i>, <i>Par. major</i>, <i>Regulus</i>, <i>E. nivalis</i>, and -<i>F. montium</i>.</p> - -<p>6th, southerly, still, clear; evening, S.S.W., nearly calm.—Early, -heavy dew; Bremen, fog; scarcely any passage. <i>T. -pilaris</i>, some. <i>Al. alpestris</i>, pretty numerous; <i>arvensis</i>, few; <i>E. -nivalis</i>, <i>F. montium</i>, and <i>Par. major</i>, some. <i>Lestris catarrhactes</i>, -a very fine specimen obtained; waited thirty years for it!</p> - -<p>7th, southerly, still, clear; 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, fog whole day and night.—Nothing: -one Firecrest. 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, when for a short time clear, -great many <i>Num. arquata</i> passing overhead.</p> - -<p>8th, E., early, morning, fog; <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, S.E., thick, with clouds; -evening clear.—Nothing. Early in the morning, <i>T. torquatus</i> -passing overhead. Towards evening, great many <i>F. cœlebs</i> and -<i>cannabina</i>, alighting from great height.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_88">- 88 -</span></p> - -<p>9th, E.S.S., fresh, hazy clouds, cold.—<i>T. pilaris</i>, <i>Al. arvensis</i>, -pretty numerous; <i>arborea</i>, a few.</p> - -<p><i>Fr. cœlebs</i>, <i>chloris</i>, <i>spinus</i>, <i>linaria</i>, <i>cannabina</i>, <i>montium</i>, all -great many. <i>E. citrinella</i> and <i>nivalis</i>, also great many.</p> - -<p>10th, S.E., fresh, hazy clouds drifting along; evening clear, -still.—During night some Woodcocks and Ring Ouzels at lighthouse.</p> - -<p><i>T. torquatus</i> and <i>pilaris</i>, pretty numerous. <i>Al. arvensis</i> and -alpestris, less. <i>F. montium</i>, many; <i>linaria</i>, some. A few -Woodcocks.</p> - -<p>11th, S.E., moderate, clear, fine; evening, fog.—<i>St. otus</i>, one -in thrushbush. <i>C. cornix</i>, pretty numerous early in the morning. -<i>Sturnus</i>, less so. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, not many; <i>alpestris</i>, great many; -<i>arborea</i>, ten to fifteen. . <i>Emb. miliaria</i> and <i>citrinella</i>, pretty -numerous. <i>F. cœlebs</i>, great many; <i>cannabina</i>, <i>chloris</i>, <i>montium</i>, -<i>linaria</i>, many. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, some.</p> - -<p>12th, southerly, fresh; night and all day, fog.—Nothing. -During night, <i>T. torquatus</i> and <i>pilaris</i>, <i>Ch. auratus</i>, and <i>Num. -arquata</i>, heard at lighthouse.</p> - -<p>13th, S.W., moderate, thick.—Nothing. Some <i>T. torquatus</i> -and <i>pilaris</i>. <i>E. miliaria</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>14th, W., windy, rain.—Nothing. <i>T. pilaris</i>, rather numerous; -perhaps east wind approaching.</p> - -<p>15th, N.E., fresh; early, rain and hail squalls; from noon, -clear.—<i>C. cornix</i>, a few small flights; <i>merula</i> and <i>pilaris</i>, rather -numerous, particularly the latter; <i>musicus</i> also. <i>A. arvensis</i>, -flights; also during night at Lighthouse. <i>A. alpestris</i>, small -flights. <i>F. montium</i>, a party of from eighty to a hundred; <i>E. -nivalis</i>, less.</p> - -<p>16th, N. still, clear; during night some frost; evening calm, -clouds from E.N.E., clear.—<i>C. cornix</i>, small flights. Sturnus, forty -to fifty. <i>T. pilaris</i>, some flights. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, some; <i>alpestris</i>, -great many; <i>arborea</i>, a few. <i>E. nivalis</i>, scattered; <i>F. montium</i>, -twenty to forty. Woodcocks, about ten. <i>Col. palumbus</i>, some.</p> - -<p>17th, S., faint, clear, somewhat below zero; evening, S.E., -fresh.—Nothing; not a bird.</p> - -<p>18th, S.S.E., still, clear, some frost.—Nothing. A few <i>C. -cornix</i>, early passing overhead. <i>P. major</i>, a few flitting -about.</p> - -<p>19th, N., faint, scattered clouds, about zero; evening, E.N.E.—Nothing.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_89">- 89 -</span> -Very few <i>C. cornix</i>, <i>Al. arvensis</i>, and <i>E. nivalis</i>. -<i>F. linaria</i>, ten; <i>carduelis</i>, one. <i>Par. major</i>, some.</p> - -<p>20th and 21st, S.E., windy, cloudy, below zero.—Nothing. -<i>C. cornix</i>, about ten. <i>F. linaria</i> and <i>E. nivalis</i>, a few.</p> - -<p>22d, S.E., little wind, thick.—Nothing. <i>F. cannabina</i>, eight -to ten. <i>Strix otus</i>, one.</p> - -<p>23d, E. still, very thick; noon, N.E.; evening, E. by S., faint.—<i>T. -pilaris</i>, several large flights, from 300 to 500. <i>C. cornix</i>, -also many. <i>E. nivalis</i>, considerable numbers. <i>Ch. vanellus</i>, -great many.</p> - -<p>24th, E., windy, overcast; during night, S.E., very hard.—<i>C. -cornix</i> and T. pilaris, some flights. Accentor, some. <i>Cinc. -aquaticus</i> (<i>melanogaster</i>), one. <i>Anser</i> and <i>Anas</i>, great many -passing on.</p> - -<p>25th, S.E., very hard, thick, some snow, a degree below zero.—Nothing. -<i>T. pilaris</i>, a few. Some <i>Scol. gallinago</i>. <i>Anser</i> and -<i>Anas</i>, great many passing on over the sea.</p> - -<p>26th, S.E., blowing hard, cloudy; night, stormy.—Early and -forenoon, hundreds of <i>C. cornix</i> passing overhead westward; -otherwise, nothing.</p> - -<p>27th, S.S.E., blowing hard, rain and snow; afternoon, S.W,—Nothing. -Storm warning. Magnificent fall of stars, uninterrupted.</p> - -<p>28th, S.S.W., windy, thick; night, stormy.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>29th, N.W., somewhat better, windy, cloudy; evening, still, -rain.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>30th, W., fresh, clear.—Guillemots in the cliffs; rather early -for these occasional visits.</p> - - -<h3>December</h3> - -<p>1st and 2d, W., violent, open clouds N.W., cirri N.—<i>T. pilaris</i>, -a few hundreds on 2d. <i>Larus marinus</i> and <i>argentatus</i>, astounding -numbers in lee of Island.</p> - -<p>3d, night, S.W. gale. Nos. 8 and 9, moving W., bitter; evening, -S.W., moderate, cirri, N. by W.—Nothing. Storm warning.</p> - -<p>4th, S.W., Nos. 8 and 9, rain and hail squalls.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>5th, W. and W. by N., No. 8, hail and rain squalls; afternoon, -a little better.—<i>Uria</i>, thousands in the cliffs at breeding places.</p> - -<p>6th, Northerly, nearly calm.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_90">- 90 -</span></p> - -<p>7th, Northerly, nearly calm.—During night to 8th, larks -pretty numerous at lighthouse.</p> - -<p>8th, N.W., very faint, snow showers; evening, squally, with -snow.—<i>T. pilaris</i> and <i>merula</i>, some. <i>Fr. linaria</i>, several; <i>montium</i>, -small flight, thirty to fifty. <i>Char. vanellus</i>, several. <i>Ch. -auratus</i> passing on at night during snow squalls.</p> - -<p>9th, N. by W., violent, with snow squalls, between squalls -still.—During night <i>Ch. auratus</i> and <i>Num. arquata</i>, numerous -passing over.</p> - -<p>10th, N. and N.E., fresh, early snow squalls.—<i>C. cornix</i>, -several. <i>T. pilaris</i>, small flights; <i>merula</i>, single birds. <i>F. -linaria</i>, some.</p> - -<p>11th, N.E. and N.N.E., moderate, clear; evening, calm.—<i>C. -cornix</i>, pretty numerous.</p> - -<p>12th, S.W., fresh, overcast.—<i>Alca alle</i>, thousands flying about -on sea.</p> - -<p>13th, W.S.W., faint, overcast, upper clouds N.N.W.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>14th, W. and N.W., calm, overcast.—Nothing. Some <i>Lar. -glaucus</i>, jr., between <i>argentatus</i> and <i>marinus</i>.</p> - -<p>15th, W., overcast, no wind.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>16th, S.W., fresh; evening, very strong, W., rain.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>17th, N.N.W., faint, overcast; evening, thick fine rain; night, -fog.—Nothing.</p> - -<p>18th, calm, fog; evening, faint, east.—<i>Larus minutus</i>, pretty -numerous on sea.</p> - -<p>19th, S.E. and S., faint, thick fog.—<i>Al. arvensis</i>, great many -passing on, some alighting. Some <i>Al. alpestris</i>.</p> - -<p>20th, 21st, 22d, S.W. and W., almost uninterrupted thick fog.</p> - -<p>23d, N.E., very weak, cloudy.—<i>T. pilaris</i>, a flight of from -100 to 150. <i>F. montium</i> and <i>Emb. nivalis</i>, some.</p> - -<p>24th and 25th, W., fresh, overcast; during night foggy.</p> - -<p>26th, north, still, fine.—<i>T. merula</i>, eight to ten, mounting -after sunset from my garden on migration.</p> - -<p>27th, W., fresh, clear; evening and night, stormy. No. 8, -S.W.—Nothing. Great many <i>Lar. minutus</i>.</p> - -<p>28th, S.W., stormy. No. 8, storm warning.—Nothing. Great -many <i>Lar. minutus</i>.</p> - -<p>29th, W., violent, hail and snow squalls.—Nothing. Great -many <i>Lar. minutus</i>.</p> - -<p>30th, northerly,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_91">- 91 -</span> fresh to violent; evening, N.W., little wind.—<i>Al. -alpestris</i>, pretty numerous, flights of twenty and thereabout -passing on the whole day.</p> - -<p>31st, S.S.W., violent, thick; afternoon and all night, thick -fog.—Nothing.</p> - - -<p><i>Heligoland—Spring, 1886.</i></p> - -<p>March 19th, S.E., 4 deg. below zero.—<i>Corvus frugilegus</i>, -pretty numerous; <i>cornix</i>, a few. <i>Sturnus</i>, do. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, -great many, enormous passage over sea.</p> - -<p><i>Mem.</i>—At Hanover astounding numbers of "Crows," and -great flights of <i>Ch. vanellus</i>.</p> - -<p>20th, S.S.E., little wind, overcast; afternoon, thawing; evening, -fog.—<i>F. æsalon</i> and <i>tinnunculus</i>, some. <i>C. frugilegus</i>, -thousands; <i>cornix</i>, less. <i>Sturnus</i>, <i>merula</i>, <i>musicus</i>, <i>iliacus</i>, all -passing on. <i>Al. arvensis</i>, hundreds of thousands; <i>alpestris</i> and -<i>arboreus</i>, a few. <i>Anth. pratensis</i>, great many; <i>rupestris</i>, less. -<i>F. cannabina</i>, some flights. <i>Ch. auratus</i>, <i>vanellus</i>, <i>hiaticula</i>, -all great many. Fr. alpina, less. Scol. gallinago, several. Col. -<i>palumbus<span class="pagenum" id="Page_92">- 92 -</span></i>, some. Enormous masses passing on across the sea.</p> - -<p>Hanover.—Crows, Larks, Wood Pigeons, <i>Ch. vanellus</i>, all in -enormous numbers. <i>Ch. auratus</i>, less.</p> - -<p>21st, fog.—Larks and Plover passing on above fog, their -voices heard in great profusion.</p> - -<p>22d, 23d, 24th.—All like 20th, passing over in enormous -masses, particularly during night.</p> - -<p>25th.—Crows, Rooks, Daws, passing on in millions. <i>Sturnus</i>, -astounding numbers. All the above also in full swing passing -on, joined by <i>rubecula</i>. Wagtails, <i>accentor</i>. <i>Sax. ænanthe</i>, <i>F. -cœlebs</i>, <i>montium</i>, <i>Emb. citrinella</i>, <i>Syl. titys</i>, and a few Gold-crests, -etc., etc.</p> - -<p>In previous years the Heligoland notes have been incorporated -with the returns from the East Coast of England, and -they are now printed separately for the first time. The special -thanks of the Committee are due to Mr Gätke for his interesting -and valuable contributions to their report.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="WEST_COAST_OF_SCOTLAND">WEST COAST OF SCOTLAND.</h2> -</div> - - -<p>Schedules, etc., were sent to thirty-four stations, not including -the Isle of Man (five more), the schedules of which are -passed on to Mr Eagle Clarke for incorporation with the West -Coast of England. Of the thirty-four we have received returns -from seventeen.</p> - -<p>Additional interest and more painstaking schedule-work is -evident at the more productive stations. From Monach Islands -three schedules have been sent, but they are written straight -across the columns, making it extremely difficult for the committee -to tabulate the contents. As far as possible, the columns -should be used for the purposes given in the headings, as otherwise -the labours of members of committee is very largely increased. -All the scheduled items must be passed first into a -ledger for the purpose, under species in each month, in the season, -and then only can the report be written out. We give prominence -to this explanation, as we are very desirous that our -reporters adhere to the columnar arrangement.</p> - -<p>Here follows the list of stations:—</p> - -<h3><span class="smcap">List of Stations.</span></h3> - -<p>Note: The names of the Reporters are given under "Diary from the Stations."</p> - -<table summary="stations"> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">Returns<br />in 6<br />years.</td> - <td class="tdc">In<br />1885.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdc" colspan="3">Values.</td> - <td class="tdc">Feet.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="6"><span class="smcap">Sutherland.</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">81.</td> - <td class="tdl">Cape Wrath,</td> - <td rowspan="2"></td> - <td class="tdr">III.</td> - <td rowspan="2"></td> - <td class="tdr">400</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">82.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhu Stoir,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">195</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="6"><span class="smcap">Outer Hebrides.</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">83.</td> - <td class="tdl">Butt of Lewis,</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">170</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc" rowspan="2">3</td> - <td rowspan="2"></td> - <td class="tdr" rowspan="2">84.</td> - <td class="tdl" rowspan="2">Stornoway, 2 lights,</td> - <td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 2em;">{</span></td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 2em;">}</span></td> - <td class="tdr" rowspan="2">56</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">85.</td> - <td class="tdl">Island Ghlais</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">130</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc" rowspan="2">5</td> - <td class="tdc" rowspan="2">*</td> - <td class="tdr" rowspan="2">86.</td> - <td class="tdl" rowspan="2">Monach Isles,</td> - <td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 2em;">{</span></td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td rowspan="2"></td> - <td class="tdr">150</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">62</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">87.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ushenish, N. Uist,</td> - <td rowspan="29"></td> - <td class="tdr">VI.</td> - <td rowspan="29"></td> - <td class="tdr">176</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">88.</td> - <td class="tdl">Barra Head,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">683</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">89.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rona, Skye,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">222</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">90.</td> - <td class="tdl">Kyleakin, W, Ross, - <span class="pagenum" id="Page_93">- 93 -</span></td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">53</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">91.</td> - <td class="tdl">Isle Oronsay,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">58</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">92.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ardnamurchan,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr vtop">93.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skerryvore and Hynish Signal Tower, Tiree,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">150</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">94.</td> - <td class="tdl">Dhuheartach,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">146</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">95.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sound of Mull,</td> - <td class="tdr">V.</td> - <td class="tdr">55</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">96.</td> - <td class="tdl">Corran Ferry,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">38</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">97.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lismore, Oban,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">103</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">98.</td> - <td class="tdl">Fladda, Easdale,</td> - <td class="tdr">VI.</td> - <td class="tdr">42</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">99.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhuvaal,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">147</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">100.</td> - <td class="tdl">M'Arthur's Head,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">128</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">101.</td> - <td class="tdl">Skervuile,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">73</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">102.</td> - <td class="tdl">Rhinns of Islay,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">159</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">103.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lochindaul,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">50</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">104.</td> - <td class="tdl">Mull of Kintyre,</td> - <td class="tdr">VI.</td> - <td class="tdr">297</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">105.</td> - <td class="tdl">Sanda,</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">106.</td> - <td class="tdl">Devaar,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">120</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">0</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">107.</td> - <td class="tdl">Pladda, Arran,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">130</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">108.</td> - <td class="tdl">Lamlash,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">46</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">109.</td> - <td class="tdl">Turnberry,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">96</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">109<span class="allsmcap">B</span>.</td> - <td class="tdl">Ailsa Craig, 1885,</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">110.</td> - <td class="tdl">Corsewall,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">112</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">111.</td> - <td class="tdl">Loch Ryan,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">46</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">112.</td> - <td class="tdl">Portpatrick,</td> - <td class="tdr">I.</td> - <td class="tdr">37</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">113.</td> - <td class="tdl">Mull of Galloway,</td> - <td class="tdr">II.</td> - <td class="tdr">325</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">114.</td> - <td class="tdl">Little Ross,</td> - <td class="tdr">IV.</td> - <td class="tdr">175</td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Diary from the Stations.</span></h3> - -<p><i>Butt of Lewis.</i>—Alexander Thompson and Gilbert Mackinnon, -one schedule from March 24th to November 17th, carefully -filled. On the 15th and 16th, large whales seen close to lighthouse, -going S.E. on the flood tide. Starlings, Rock Doves, -remain all the year round, and "Sandlarks" arrive in May, and -stay till end of August. During July, "great flocks of Gannets -continually going to and fro in search of fish." An amusing incident -was witnessed by Mr Mackinnon. On the evening of the -10th August, a Gull got hold of a large "saith" fish<a id="FNanchor_12" href="#Footnote_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a>; was<span class="pagenum" id="Page_94">- 94 -</span> -unable to rise with it, so it towed it to the rocks, and allowed -the sea to wash it up on the rocks. Some boys went after it, -when it took to the water again, and pulled the fish to another -rock, and again allowed the sea to wash it up, where it eat its -supper in peace.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_12" href="#FNanchor_12" class="label">[12]</a> <i>Gadus virens</i>, Lin.</p> - -</div> - -<p><a id="Monach_Isles"></a><i>Monach Isles.</i>—Donald Georgeson—Three quarterly schedules. -Mr Georgeson's schedules are able and masterly; and if we could -have <i>all</i> our schedules returned in a similar epitomised condition, -no doubt much time might be saved; <i>but</i> in the meantime, -schedules coming from a . few stations out of so many -stations, so epitomised, whilst the rest adhere rigidly to the -columnar arrangement, makes it more troublesome to arrange -details. Uniform attention to the columnar arrangement is -simplest for the ledger work.</p> - -<p>The following is an abstract of Mr Georgeson's three quarterly -schedules, and may be referred to under <i>species</i> in the next -portion of the report:—</p> - -<p>Mr Georgeson writes—"This is an island little frequented by -either land or sea birds. The only birds that struck the lantern -were a few Snow Buntings and the Common Tern [Arctic Tern -<i>vera</i>?.—J. A. H. B.] Towards the end of January we had a -severe gale from the S.W." Mr G. found several Terns and -Snow Buntings "dead from exposure." "<i>The S.W. is the prevailing -wind here.</i>" (Explaining, perhaps, the above stated scarcity -of birds, as pressing them more easterly on their S.E. course -after doubling Butt of Lewis.—J. A. H. B.) A single Snipe -appeared among the "marshy pools" of the islands. "In -January and February I observed a large flock of Wild Geese, -coming from the U.E., and after resting on the outlying rocks -here, they rose and flew west in the direction of St Kilda." -Shieldrakes—Two males and one female, in February, seen feeding -on the island, and three Common Gulls and two Black-Backed -Gulls. 1st March. Fifty Linnets (Twites?) paid a visit,—wind -south—stayed only a short time. A few Sandpipers -remained a week, but departed when the weather broke. Rock -Doves visited the island, but soon left. Sea birds observed from -January 1st to March 31st are—Common Duck, Eider Duck, -Northern Diver, and a few Scarts, but these also disappeared -with a gale on the 20th March from quarters between S. and N.W.</p> - -<p>In Mr Georgeson's next six months' bulletin, he reports:—</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_95">- 95 -</span></p> - -<p>April 3d, wind S.W. Three Ravens and two Hooded Crows, and -one <i>Golden Plover</i>—local migration. He also mentions Sand -Larks arriving to breed about the 5th April. "The only land -birds that remained the winter are a few Rock and Meadow -Pipits, which breed here in large numbers; also about a dozen -pairs of Wheatears and a few "Linnets" (<i>i.e.</i>, Twites.—J. A. H. B.) -Two nests of the Eider Duck on the island in May. Early in -May the wind was light and variable. The only birds I saw -were three Black-Backed Gulls and five Herring Gulls, and a few -Eider Ducks, but as the breeding season advanced they left the -island. Two pairs of Shielducks came to the island <i>from the -direction of St Kilda</i>—wind light, N.E.—and were seen flying -away in spring with their young in a N.E. direction. There are -no Scarts here in the breeding season. They and other rock -birds leave for more suitable rocks as the season advances. -Large flocks of Pictarnies arrive here in June, and breed in great -numbers, the island being covered with their nests.</p> - -<p>In the last quarterly schedule Mr Georgeson tells us ;—By -the 24th August the land birds had all left, except a few "Linnets" -(<i>i.e.</i>, <i>Twites</i>—J. A. H. B.), a few Rock and Marsh (<i>i.e.</i>, -"<i>Meadow</i>") Pipits. A <i>Corncrake</i>, a very unusual bird here, -came to our garden on 11th August, but left on the corn being -cut. September 7th, a few <i>Scarts</i> returned, and fifty to sixty -Kittiwakes. Many <i>Solan Geese</i>. Two Herons seen feeding on -rocks on September 8th flew off on the 10th seaward. October -5th, large flock of Snow Buntings part of the day, and then -flew off in a N.E. direction. On the 20th October a large flock -of Wild Geese came from N.E. with a N.E. wind, lighted to -rest, and then flew off <i>west</i> (<i>i.e.</i>, out to sea). Snipe usually remain -over the winter at Monach, but leave in the breeding-season. -On night of November 10th to 11th a Woodcock—a -rare bird here—struck, along with Terns, Mavis, and Blackbirds. -Another rare bird was found dead same morning, the name of -which I do not know. "Exact colour of a Kittiwake, the size -of a Stormy Petrel. (No doubt the Grey Phalarope, young -bird of the year.—J. A. H. B.) A large flock of "Pictarnies" -(<i>i.e.</i>, Terns) came from E., rested, and then flew away west, -wind N.E. at the time, on same day.</p> - -<p><i>Barra Head Lighthouse.</i>—William Irvine. One short schedule -from February to June. Mr Irvine writes:—"Bernacle Geese<span class="pagenum" id="Page_96">- 96 -</span> -last seen on the 24th April on this island." There is some -little confusion about Bernacle and Brent Geese. Could Mr -Irvine send us a head of the so-called "Bernacle Geese?"—J. A. H. B.</p> - -<p>Marten Swallows (<i>Hirundo urbica</i>) were seen on June 10th -hawking over the surface of the ground. Major H. W. Feilden -and Harvie-Brown visited Barra Head in 1871, and it is easily -understood why it should <i>not</i> be a favourable observatory of -land birds. (See "Barra Head and Its Bird Life," and previous -Reports.)</p> - -<p><i>Rona</i>, Skye.—Messrs Dunnet and M'Gaw send a short -schedule—March 20th to November 17th. The contents appear -under Species. Northern Divers seem to be often seen about -this district of coast, and also at Kyleakin Ferry (<i>q.v.</i>).</p> - -<p><i>Skerryvore.</i>—Mr Thomas Dawson sends three carefully-filled -schedules. Rush of Thrushes, &c., on 12th March, continuing -on 15th to 16th. Several birds have been named from the -wings sent by Mr Dawson; and from description and drawing -the <i>Pomatorhine Skua must</i> have been observed on the 25th May. -Later Mr Dawson writes:—"Not one land bird seen here since -28th November till to-day." Date of last schedule, January -19th, 1886. Even the Eider Ducks have deserted us for months -past. Yesterday, continuous flocks of either Marrots or Razorbills -passing south. Fresh, variable.</p> - -<p><i>Kyleakin.</i>—Messrs D. M'Culloch and John Clyne write, with -two well-filled schedules.</p> - -<p>This is an exceptional year here. On the 16th November, at -2.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, with fresh (?) breeze and haze, two "Mavises" and -six Starlings struck—<i>the first birds known to strike the glass for -the last eight years</i>—and others seen in the rays of light. More -birds have been observed this season in a few minutes than have -been noticed for years. On the 27th November, wind S.W., -fresh, gale with snow all night, and two hours after the gale -took off, great flocks of Starlings passed from 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> till dark, -only a few inches from the ground. These birds had either -been driven out of their course with the gale and snowstorm, or -had taken a new course of their own accord.</p> - -<p><i>Dhuheartach</i>, S.W. of Iona.—Mr William Davidson sends two -schedules carefully filled under correct columns—a practice -which cannot be too highly commended.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_97">- 97 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Skervuile.</i>—Mr John Ewing also sends us four capital -schedules, strictly adhering to the columnar arrangement.</p> - -<p><i>Rhinns of Islay.</i>—Messrs Peter Anderson and James Ducat -send eight excellent schedules, clearly proving, as has been done -before, the superiority of this observation station; and I think -in our first Report we give prominence to the situation as intercepting -the S.E. flow of returning migrants from the Outer -Hebrides.</p> - -<p>Messrs Anderson and Ducat are much interested in the work, -and many birds have been sent us by them for identification. -They write:—"The last date on which we saw Solan Geese -last year was on the last day of November, and the first day -this year was on 29th February. Birds resident in the vicinity -are, amongst others, Starling, Curlew, Snipe, Jack Snipe (?),<a id="FNanchor_13" href="#Footnote_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a> -Twites or 'Rock Linnets,' Sparrows, and Larks. Later in summer -Gannets or Solan Geese are seen daily 'flying east and -west,' and 'circling about fishing, from an odd pair to 100 in -all weathers,' A vast congregation of Marrots and Puffins fishing -around the island on 19th August, and some hundreds of -Gannets, old and young, 'floating along with the tide, so full -they cannot rise.' All disappeared on 21st."</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_13" href="#FNanchor_13" class="label">[13]</a> Does not breed in Britain: probably the Dunlin?—J. A. H. B.</p> - -</div> - -<p><i>N.B.</i>—We would be obliged if Mr Anderson and Mr Ducat -would adhere to the columnar arrangement, and not write -across the red lines, or as little as they can help.</p> - -<p>Hundreds of <span class="smcap">Moths</span> also are reported "of various sizes flying -about the lantern on 7th September." A great Skua?—("Dirty -Allan of the largest size")—seen on 7th September. -Also on the night of the 3d September Messrs A. and D. -write:—"We have had enormous numbers of what is locally -called 'Jenny Long-legs' about the station for the past three -or four weeks, and in the mornings there are great numbers of -their legs and wings lying on the pavement. This morning, -after putting out the light, I watched, when I saw about twenty -Mosscheepers (<i>i.e.</i>, Pipits) working hard to make their breakfast -off them. <i>I never before</i> saw so many Long-legs in the fall. -There is a usual <i>run in April!</i>"</p> - -<p>From Mr Peter Anderson we have the following earnest appeal -to other stations:—</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_98">- 98 -</span></p> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p> -<span class="smcap">Rhinns of Islay Lighthouse</span>,<br /> -<i>23d December 1885</i>.<br /> -</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sir,</span>—I beg to return you the concluding schedule for this year, -and most likely I have put a lot of remarks into it and previous ones -that are of little account, and some of the wings I sent to you were -most likely very common ones to you, although they were strange to -me, or I had some doubts about them; but as I have now got the -names of some of the odd ones in this locality, I will not likely -trouble you with so many again. If my suggestion of including -assistants as well as principals in filling up the schedules has been -of any advantage this year, I would further suggest for 1886 that -you should make a strong appeal to all stations to try for one year -to give you all the information (and especially those who have not as -yet sent in any or meagre returns) they can. First, what birds—or -as many as they can ascertain—breed in then' near locality. Second, -when do Stonechicks (which I believe are all over Scotland), Snow -Buntings, Robins, Wrens, and several other small birds arrive which -make their appearance only at certain seasons. In looking over the -Report for 1884, the point that annoyed me most was, that I could -not make out the names and terms of all the different species; but -at John o' Groat's School thirty-five years ago there was no word -of Latin. In '84's Report I expected to have seen better reports -from some stations that I know, such as North Unst, Start Point, -and Noss Head. At North Unst there are several migrants which -build on the rock, and I wondered to see no account of Mother -Carey's Chickens, as they breed on the rock, and at the end of -August they annoyed us a good deal by striking the lantern and -emitting an oily substance on the glass. At Start Point the Sheldrake -breeds, and I have seen the Stock Duck breed on it also; and -I was told there were thirteen species of Ducks frequented that -locality, and I have seen Teal and Widgeon there in hundreds. -Also at Noss Head there are various classes of birds which visit it -in the breeding season. I once knew of a Grebe got in a small pond -there. Trusting you won't feel annoyed at the above remarks, I am, -etc.,</p> - -<p class="tdr"> -<span class="smcap">Peter Anderson.</span><br /> -</p> -</div> - -<p><i>Lamlash.</i>—Messrs David Scott and Robert Brown send us one -schedule. The remark occurs that "the Thrush is becoming -very scarce here."</p> - -<p><i>Turnberry.</i>—A carefully-filled schedule—dating March 11 to -November 10—sent by Messrs Andrew Nisbet (principal) and -Wm. Beggs<span class="pagenum" id="Page_99">- 99 -</span> (assistant). Species well distinguished.</p> - -<p><i>Corsewall.</i>—A good schedule also from Mr Robert Laidlaw, -and all the species apparently well distinguished.</p> - -<p><i>Portpatrick.</i>—Mr James Beggs sends a short but good schedule, -with the remark: "Migration of birds this season has been very -slight, and we think the cause is owing to so much prevailing -winds from the west occurring on this coast [<i>i.e.</i>, taking the -birds further west at further north points.—J. A. H. B.]. -Flights of Black Crows [Rooks.—J. A. H. B.] come and go to -this vicinity all the winter through. [<i>Note.</i>—Ravens are known -to congregate on this coast at certain points.—J. A. H. B.] -Great flights of Gannets in July, August, and September, and -then cease till early spring. Fly both ways—north and south."</p> - -<p>On November 10, <i>Red-legged Kaw</i> seen flying south at 3.40 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, close to lighthouse. (Is this still of the native breed, or a -migrant from further north?—J. A. H. B.)</p> - -<p><i>Mull of Galloway.</i>—Two well-filled schedules from Messrs -Alex. Murray and John M'Quarrie. "A large Grey Owl. picked -up one of the small birds on the grating on the 17th October, -plucked it, and swallowed it whole. I tried to catch it, but it -flew off."</p> - -<p><i>Little Ross.</i>—Mr James Ferrier I have to thank for two -excellently-prepared schedules; and we feel sure that this -station, though it may not yield large numerical returns, will -give returns of considerable interest, whether negative or -positive.</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Separate Report under Genera and Species.</span></h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Turdidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring</i>, a few odd birds—Blackbirds and -Thrushes—passed 93 (Skerryvore) and 114 (Little Ross). In -March, these increased in numbers at both these stations on 7th, -11th, 12th, and 15th, and odd birds were also noticed at 109 -(Turnberry) on 11th and 13th. Apparently almost a rush -noticed at 93, with wind light N.W. on 12th, but S.W. and haze -on 15th. Fieldfares also noted at Little Ross on 24th, with -strong S.E.; one killed. On April 14th, a rush of Thrushes at -94 (Dhuheartach) all night, light variable wind and haze; also -Redwings and Blackbirds at Rhinns of Islay on 12th, and two -Ring Ouzels all night at Little Ross. Blackbirds seen flying -S.W. at 94, on 17th June, complete the spring records.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Scarcely any movement in September, but in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_100">- 100 -</span> -October, considerable numbers of <i>Turdidæ</i>. Earliest record in -autumn, one Thrush on 1st September at 109, and one Ring -Ouzel on 15th at 102 (Rhinns of Islay); and latest record -November 16th [if we except two records on 22d and 23d -January 1886, which really belong either to local influence, or -is a beginning of the spring migration of 1886]. Thus the -migration of <i>Turdidæ</i>, in 1885 is almost unique amongst our -records for the shortness, suddenness, and rapidity with which -it was accomplished, occupying limits strongly defined in time -by the above dates, <i>viz.</i>, in all—leaving out the two solitary -September records—only from 9th October to 16th November, -or 38 days. The stations participating in the rush are 93 -(Skerryvore), 94 (Dhuheartach), 101 (Skervuile), 102 (Rhinns -of Islay), 108 (Lamlash), 109 (Turnberry), 113 (Mull of Galloway), -and 114 (Little Ross). More specialised rushes were:—On -17th, of <i>Thrushes</i> and <i>Missel Thrushes</i> at 94, and of <i>Redwings</i> -at Rhinns of Islay; on 10th and 11th November, of Missel -Thrushes and Fieldfares, with few Mavises, at 93, 94, and of the -same species in small numbers, with large numbers of Thrushes, -Blackbirds, and Redwings, on 9th, 10th, 11th, up to 16th, at all -stations. Most at 93 and 94, but movement extensive and general -at all, and suddenly over by the 16th, if we except one solitary -record of five Mavises on the 21st at (Kyleakin) 90, the only -record from that station of <i>Turdidæ</i>. Prevailing wind strong -S.S.E. to S.E., and back to S., all these two months; sometimes -northerly in October, but never for long.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Saxicolinæ.</span>—<i>In Spring</i>, an extensive migration of Wheatears -and (or) "Stonechats." [The name Stonechat is the one almost -universally used at 93, 94, 101, 102, and 113, but "Wheatear"—the -more correct name for the species intended—is used at -88 (Fladda) and 114 (Little Ross). The true Stonechat has a -black head, and is about the same size as a Whinchat, <i>i.e.</i>, much -smaller than the Wheatear. But the name "Stonechat" is of -almost universal use in Scotland for the Wheatear—indeed, a -generally accepted local name.] Earliest record in spring, April -4th, at 102 (Rhinns of Islay); latest, 2d June, at 93 (Skerryvore). -The general rush took place between the 11th and 20th, -and appears to have been unusually heavy, such terms being -used, at all stations, as "numbers all night," "fifty," "forty," -"great numbers," "rush all night," "hundreds all night," etc.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_101">- 101 -</span> -Perhaps 12th and 13th had the greatest share, but it would be -difficult to say which station participated most largely. 109 -(Turnberry), however, has only one record of odd birds on 14th -April. The May records are all at 93 and 94, and are all light. -There are also two records of Whinchats at 114, on 21st and -2 2d of April. The prevailing wind was easterly in April, and -oftener S. of E. than N. of E. In May the wind was westerly -at 93 and 94, and again S.E. at 93 on June 2d, the latest -record.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn</i>, a partial rush took place at 101 (Skervuile), where -"numbers at midnight" were seen on the 6th. Records come -from the following stations, principally 93 and 94, a few from -101 and 102. All records in September are from 93 and 94, -and all are very light indeed, except at 94 upon the 6th September, -when a rush of Stonechats, Wagtails, and Titlarks took -place, with light S.E. breeze and haze, at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Prevailing -wind S.E, August and September.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Silviinæ</span>.—In March, two records of Robin at 93 (on 15th), -and (Turnberry) 109 on 14th, S.S.E. at latter station, and light -S.W. haze at former. Three other light records at 94 (Dhuheartach), -101 (Skervuile), and 102 (Rhinns of Islay) on 12th and -13th April, and one record of Whitethroats on 5th May at 114 -(Little Ross).</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn</i>, no great movement observed, and only single -records in August at 89 (Rona) on 1st, and at 90 (Kyleakin) on -25th, at 108 (Lamlash) on 23d, and Turnberry on 24th—the -latter returned as a "Garden Warbler," the others of Robins.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Phylloscopinæ.</span>—Gold-Crest—Mere indications only of a -spring movement, and that only at 114 (Little Ross), single records -on 12th, 15th, and 18th April. Wind easterly on first two -dates, but light W. on the last, with haze, when five Gold-Crests -rested on the lantern glass all night. In May, Wood Warblers -are returned at 114 on 20th and 21st, light S.E. and S., one -killed.</p> - -<p>The autumn migration also extremely faintly marked. One -single record on 23d September, wind N.N.W., overcast, 9.35 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; and two on 10th and 17th at 101 (Skervuile) and 114 respectively; -wind on 10th N.N.E., clear, and on 17th at 114 -variable and hazy. All relate to Gold-Crests.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Acrocephalinæ.</span>—No records.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_102">- 102 -</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Paridæ.</span>—Tits—One Titmouse at 113 (Mull of Galloway) on -14th April; wind light, S.E.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Single record on 17th August at 113, wind -light, N.W., clear; one on 1st September at 109 (Turnberry), and -two at 113 on October 9th and 19th.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Troglodytidæ.</span>—Common Wren—A few single records in -April and May, about seven in all, at 93, 94, 109, and 114.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—One record in August 1st at 89 (Rona), one -record in September at 110 (Corsewall), and half a dozen or so in -October at five stations—102, 108, 109, 110, 113. Six seen at -noon on 23d; strong N". breeze and haze.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Motacillidæ.</span>—Wagtails—On 12th May two, at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, at 93 -(Skerryvore), and five at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> at 88 (Barra Head) ;-wind S.W. -at 93, and fresh W. at 88. The above the only spring records.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Two light records on 24th and 28th, both at 94 -(Dhuheartach); north on first date, light S.S.E. on second date. -Two light records on 3d September at 113 (Mull of Galloway), -and on 4th at 93. Indication of general movement on 14th and -16th at 89 (Rona), 93, 94, 102, and 113. Two light records in -October 11th and 29th at 90 (Kyleakin), and 112 (Portpatrick).</p> - -<p>Of Pipits, one record at 93 on 13th April; light, S.E., haze. -In autumn, two records only at 94 and 101, quite faint; wind, -light, east.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Muscicapidæ.</span>—No records of Flycatchers.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Hirundinidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring</i>, between 17th and 28th, five records -at 102 (six seen, light, S.W.), at 109 (two seen on 20th, light, S., -rain), at 113, two on 21st, S., and fog, and two on 28th; and at -114, four, the first observed on the 17th April. In May, one at -93 on 26th, four at 108 (Lamlash) on the 9th, and six on the 11th.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—A few records in August—a flock on 17th at -110 (Corsewall), all day, and flocks on 31st at 113 (Mull of -Galloway), flying S.E. against E. breeze. Martins were also seen -at Barra Head. In September Swallows and Swifts (see <a href="#Cypselidae"><i>Cypselidæ</i></a>) -at 90 (Kyleakin) on 15th, and Swallows at 94 on 1st, and -at 102 on 12th, 14th, and 16th—an appearance of a rush. Wind, -S. gale on 12th, S.W., and birds flying in a southerly direction. -In October, considerable evidence between 6th and 11th at 114. -The 11th the latest date of record.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Fingillidæ.</span>—<i>In Spring:</i> Sparrows and Finches noted -at 86 (Monach Isles, 9, v. under Diary) on April 17th. In<span class="pagenum" id="Page_103">- 103 -</span> -May, Sparrows at 93, 94. On 23d and 24th, "Linties" at 93 on -25th; and Tree Sparrows, two, at 93 on 26th—light S.E.—"resting -on rocks."</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—On 17th September, Sparrows at 113 in flocks, -and fifty "Rock Linnets" at 102 (Rhinns of Islay). (Probably -Twites, or possibly Redpoles.—J. A. H. B.). In October, a flock -of 200 "Rock Linnets" at 102 on 6th and 7th, and thousands -of "Grey Linnets" at 90 (Kyleakin); on 9th, Rock Linnets? -Grey Linnets? Evident rush of Linnets, accompanied at 101 by -a number of Tree Sparrows on 9th November. Rush lasted 7th, -8th, and 9th October, and another rush appears to have taken -place 4th at 102; 8th, at 90. Chaffinches, two only on 13th at -114. A few Grey Linnets at 90 on 25th December.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Emberizidæ.</span>—Scarcely any indication at all. One record of -Snow Buntings on 6th October; two birds at 102, one in November -at 94 on 14th, and of Yellow Buntings at 114 on 10th. The -Snow Buntings are returned as "old birds resting on the rocks" -of 102. Wind in October at date of record, fresh S.W., and in -November strong N., at 94, and strong E., haze, at 114.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Alaudidæ.</span>—Larks—A considerable spring migration, but -February records are possibly really belonging to past winter -movements. We give them here, however:—</p> - -<p>15th, Larks at 90, 500 flying south, 9.40 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; snow, calm.</p> - -<p>13th, Larks at 93, two on lantern, 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; fresh, S.E.</p> - -<p>In March, on 7th, four Larks at 114, N. to S.W., clear. On -12th, a number at 93, and 12 at 94; and up to 15th, also at 109. -In April, a rush took place on 14th, and leading up to it from -the 12th at 93, 94, and 102; wind, light easterly. Again, large -numbers on 18th May at 86, and many remain till end of -August.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—A rush, but not very large, at 102 on 16th; -fewer on 17th September. A rush again on 17th October at 94, -and indications at 90, 94, 102, 109, 113 throughout October, and -up to 17th of November. Another rush at 94 on 11th November, -and small rush at 102 all forenoon on 16th. Stations 101, -109, 110, and 114 participated, but in a very small degree.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Sturninæ.</span>—Starlings—<i>In Spring:</i> Four days in February, a -few only at 101, 110 (Corsewall), 114, between 12th and 23d. -Also a few light returns on five days in March, at 93, 109, 114, -between 8th and 24th. Bush from 9th to 20th April, principally<span class="pagenum" id="Page_104">- 104 -</span> -8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, at 113 (Mull of Galloway)—wind -S.E. and S.S.E. and haze—but also rush at 94 (Dhuheartach) on -14th, and on 11th and 20th at 110 (Corsewall). No more records -till June 27th, when thirty to forty at 113 (Mull of Galloway), -"mixed old and young."</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—Earliest on 15th August at 102; hundreds old -and young flying about all day—wind S., clear—and on 19th at -89 (Rona). "Starlings" on 19th August. In September, flocks -on four dates—7th, 16th, 18th, and 25th—at 90 (Kyleakin), -112 (Portpatrick), and 113 (Mull of Galloway), almost a rush—"flights," -"flock," etc., being itemed. In October, all the month, -from 10th to 30th, rush at 94 on 17th (strong E.); rush at 102 -on 21st; "great numbers," "flying about from daylight till 10 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>," light, east. "Great numbers" on 30th at 109 (Turnberry). -In November, 4th to 20th, almost continuous. Such -records as "rush all night" on 10th at 94. "Thousands from -10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> till dark" on 16th at 90 (Kyleakin), flying south. -"Numbers all morning," 10th (all day), 13th, and 14th, at 102 -(Rhinns of Islay). "Numbers" at 110 (Corsewall) on 10th and -11th; and indications at following stations throughout the -autumn—89, 90, 102, 93, 94, 101, 102, 108, 109, 110, 112, 113, -114. A most general and abnormally extensive migration. In -December, latest 31st to January 1886—20th January, "some" -at 102 and 114.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Corvidæ.</span>—In order of abundance in <i>Spring:</i> February (one), -March (one), April (four records), May (two). 1. Ravens—Seven -on three days in April, 4th, 17th, and 20th; two days in May, 1st -and 13th—light S.E., or variable. 2. Grey Crows and Black -Crows, one day in February; six birds on March 16th; two on -one day in April at 94. Wind easterly.</p> - -<p><i>In Autumn.</i>—In order of abundance in autumn: Nine -months: August (three dates), September (two), October (eleven), -November (six). Of <i>Ravens</i>, two on 20th and 22d February; -seven on 9th September, W. gale. Grey and Black Crows or -"Crows," one record on 7th August, "seen flying S.W. at 102; -wind E., light clear;" 500 on 17th at 102 of "Crows" flying -S.W. to sea, then turned and went N.W. (These large flights -<i>are</i> no doubt <i>Rooks</i>, not "Crows," not "Carrion Crows," <i>not</i> -"Grey Crows.") "Black Crows and Carrion Crows" (<i>i.e.</i>, I suppose, -"Rooks and Carrion Crows."—J. A. H. B.) are also given<span class="pagenum" id="Page_105">- 105 -</span> -at 102 in October; wind always easterly. All November, indications, -but no great rush. No records in December, but one in -January 1886. "A flock of sixty on 25th at 102." Rooks and -Jackdaws, few. Stations returning <i>Corvidæ</i> are in order of -largest returns—102, far beyond all other stations; 86, 94 -(Jackdaws one), 101 (Rooks), 113. Species are in order of -numbers—Carrion Crows, Ravens, Rooks, Jackdaw.</p> - -<p><a id="Cypselidae"></a><span class="smcap">Cypselidæ.</span>—29th April, one at 90 noted, and others at 90 -again on 15th September, the only records of Swifts.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cuculidæ.</span>—Cuckoo, first heard 30th April at 90 (Kyleakin) -and at 113 (Mull of Galloway). First heard at 101 (Skervuile) -on 6th May, at 110 (Corsewall) on 8th May, and on 11th -at 108 (Lamlash). No autumn records.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Strigidæ.</span>—Grey Owl.—One large Grey Owl, 17th October, -at ______? (omitted in Ledger).</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Falconidæ.</span>—April and June. Mostly, no doubt, local visits -of "Hawks," "Falcon Hawks," "Sparrow Hawks," at 86, 93, 94 -(daily in April). Also in autumn, of the same and Kestrel, and -a "Large Hawk" at 102 on 11th November, flying east, wind -S.W., haze; and at 98, 102, and 108, in addition to the above -stations in spring.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Pelicanidæ.</span>—Spring records less numerous than usual. -February, one at 101 on 8th; one at 101 on 27th March; two -at 108 on 1st and 4th April, and two at 94 on 14th April; May, -three records at 101—14th, 19th, and 29th; and June, four -records, all light, at 94, 101, and 114. Curiously, records of -Gannets or Solan Geese—as they are called—are seldom numerously -returned on this coast. [<i>N.B.</i>—We would be obliged to -our reporters at all the stations if, for next year, they would -give up one schedule entirely to Gannets or Solan Geese, and -enter daily observations of the species, including their numbers -seen, occupation, direction of flights and of wind, hours of -appearance and disappearance, etc.] In July a few itemed -under three dates—1st, 12th, and 16th to 20th. None in -August, September, October, or November, nor January 1886, -except one of hundreds at 102, fishing close to rocks, on -16th September, and the record of "Extra Nos." at 102 -on 2d October, showing their daily appearance, though not -recorded.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Ardeidæ.</span>—Herons: Few records, and none of any significance:<span class="pagenum" id="Page_106">- 106 -</span> -one in March on 1st at 114; one in October at 102, on 7th; -and one at 102 on 6th December.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Anatidæ.</span>—Grey Geese [I wish I had heads of all the Geese -sent me] at 102 on 28th February; belongs, no doubt, to last -season. No more records of Geese till autumn: "Large Geese"? -September 17th, at 102; "Grey Geese," 10th October, at 102; -one "Goose" at 102 on November 11th. Odd records of -Barnacle Geese. <i>Eider Ducks.</i>—April 17th and 21st, at 94 and -102 respectively; also same place, 17th May, "3 [male], 3 [female] flying -west." Then in autumn, 25th and 26th September, at 94 and 102.</p> - -<p>[After this the dates of arrival and departure will be desired, -whether they breed at the station or not, and if any unusual -numbers appear. Odd records occur, also, of Teal, Widgeon, and -Wild Duck, of little interest, but should, of course, always be -returned in schedules. "Swans" are noted at 86 (Monach Isles) -on 24th March 1885.]</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Columbidæ.</span>—Doves: May records at 90 (Rona) of Wood -Pigeons on 21st, and Rock Doves on 28th. <i>In Autumn.</i>—Only -two records in September and December, of twenty-five and -twenty respectively, in S.W. wind.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Gallinæ.</span>—One pair Pheasants at 102 on 16th April, lighted -on the island at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>—an unusual occurrence. <i>In Autumn.</i>—On -20th October, a Hen Pheasant at 102 again, shot, "rare;" -and again two Pheasants at 102, male and female, fresh E. -breeze, haze on island. (This looks like determined endeavour -to extend range.—J. A. H. B.)</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Rallinæ.</span>—21st May, at 88 (Barra Head), fresh N.E., cloudy; -23d May, at 102, "first heard," and one shot, light N. breeze, -clear; 24th, at 90 (Kyleakin), "first heard," 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, rain. <i>In -Autumn.</i>—One at 108 (Lamlash) on 24th October, fresh N.W., -clear. One Water Rail on 13th November at 114; killed on -dome.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Charadriadæ.</span>—August, one at 109 on 17th—Golden Plover. -Grey Plover (identified by wings, J. A. H. B.), at Dhuheartach -on 8th September. Very few records of G. Plovers, Oyster -Catchers, and most about September 17th at 94, 102, 109.</p> - -<p>But Lapwings bulk largely in October and November. -Earliest, August 10th; latest, December 15th; rush if discernible: -100 on 20th October; "numbers" about 9th to 11th -November at 93, 94, 102, 113, 114.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_107">- 107 -</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Scolopacidæ.</span>—January 1885, one at 90 (Kyleakin), belongs -to 1884; one at 90 again on 17th February (?); none in -March (! ?); April, one on 15th at 94, light S.E. <i>In Autumn.</i>—October -18th, one at 86, and one at 90; and one at 101 and one -at 102 on 9th November. <i>Curlews:</i> Many records as usual, but -Ave fear of little value as regards tracing migrations; and a few -records of Snipe and Jack Snipe. <i>Sandpipers:</i> Two records in -June and October at 101, and one in February, same place.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Laridæ.</span>—Terns: "Terns" at 101 on 22d, 23d, and 24th May, -light S.W., clear, and variable. First seen at 114 on June -22d, S.W. breeze (see also under <a href="#Monach_Isles">Monach Isles</a> "Diary"). In -August, four records at 101 (Skervuile), between 16th and 22d, -light N. and N.E. <i>Gulls:</i> April, at 101 and 102, feeding on -herring-fry—Kittiwakes, "Gulls," etc. May, Skuas, "Boatswain -Birds," Black Headed Gull, on six dates at 93 and 101. Kittiwakes, -"Dirty Allans," and Herring Gulls, at 86, 94, and 101 -respectively, on 17th, 21st, and 26th June respectively. In -July, at 101 and 108, Boatswain Birds, 1st to 14th; at 101, and -other scattered records. Ditto, at 101, in August 1st, 4th, and -6th, and 16th, 17th, and 19th and 21st, and a few other Gulls. -September, Kittiwakes at 101. In November, "Iceland Gulls" -at 94 on 6th and 16th; Boatswain Birds and others at 101. -Odd records in December.</p> - -<p><i>Procellariidæ.</i>—One record—one caught at 86 (Monach -Isles) on 5th September. One, "rare here," at 114 on 13th -November.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Colymbidæ.</span>—G. N. Divers occur every month except October -and December; at 101 in February, March, April, May, and -November; at 90 in March, August; at 86 on 5th September; -and in November at 89, 93, 94, 101, 102, 114. The above are -nearly all single records, or at most a pair.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Alcidæ.</span>—"Tysties" at 101, 12th April, and Scarts; and the -former on 11th May at 101. Thousands at 102 of Puffins, -October 15th, 1885. Other records very light.</p> -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_108">- 108 -</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="WEST_COAST_OF_ENGLAND_AND_WALES">WEST COAST OF ENGLAND AND WALES, -AND THE ISLE OF MAN.</h2> -</div> - - -<p>Schedules were sent to the forty-eight lighthouses and light-vessels -on the West Coast of England and Wales, and the Isle -of Man, and returns have been received from twenty-nine.</p> - -<p>The following is an enumeration of the stations included in -this section of the Report, those making returns being marked -by an asterisk:—</p> - - -<table summary="data"> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdc">No. on<br />Map.</td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">Isle of Man.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">115.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Point of Ayre.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">116.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Douglas Head.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">117.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Langness,</td> - <td class="tdl">Robt. Clyne.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">118.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Chickens Rock,</td> - <td class="tdl">James Black.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">119.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Bahama Bank.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">N. W. England.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">120.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">St Bees,</td> - <td class="tdl">Henry Nott.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">121.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Selker,</td> - <td class="tdl">Geo. Cumming.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">122.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Morecambe Bay.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">123.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Dee,</td> - <td class="tdl">Messrs Work and Clague.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">North Wales.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">124.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Air.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">125.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Menai,</td> - <td class="tdl">Joseph Steer.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">126.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Skerries,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Jno. Rees.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">127.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Holyhead Breakwater,</td> - <td class="tdl">Messrs Pritchard, Owen, and Hughes.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">128.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">South Stack,</td> - <td class="tdl">W. R. Burgess.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">129.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Carnarvon Bay,</td> - <td class="tdl">Messrs Thomas and Hughes.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">130.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">St Tudwal's,</td> - <td class="tdl"> W. Davies.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">131.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Bardsey Island,</td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas Bowen.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">132.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Cardigan Bay.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">South Wales</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">133.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">South Bishop,</td> - <td class="tdl">Alfred Frost.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">134.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Smalls,</td> - <td class="tdl">Geo. Baker.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">135.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Great Castle Head.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">136.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Milford.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">137.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Caldy,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Ebben.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">138.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Helwick.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">Bristol Channel.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_109">- 109 -</span></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">139.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Scarweather.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">140.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Nash (E.),</td> - <td class="tdl">Henry Nicholas.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">141.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Breaksea,</td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas Walters.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">142.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Flatholm,</td> - <td class="tdl">W. Dale.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">143.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl" colspan="2">English and Welsh Grounds.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">144.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Usk,</td> - <td class="tdl">Amos Russell.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">145.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Avon.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">146.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Burnham,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Lewis.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="caption3nb" colspan="5">South-Western England.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">147.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Bull Point,</td> - <td class="tdl">George Knott.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">148.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Bideford Bar,</td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas Gilpin.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">149.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Lundy.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">150.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Hartland Point.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">151.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Trevose Head.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">152.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Godrevy,</td> - <td class="tdl">Richard Trahair.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">153.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Longships,</td> - <td class="tdl">Jno. W. Watson.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">154.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Sevenstones,</td> - <td class="tdl">D. Norton.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">155.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Wolf Rock,</td> - <td class="tdl">J. J. Channer.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">156.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Scilly.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">157.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Bishop's Rock,</td> - <td class="tdl">J. W. Troth.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">158.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Lizard.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">159.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Falmouth Harbour.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">160.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Eddystone,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Ainger.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="tdr">161.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Plymouth Breakwater.</td> - <td></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdr">162.</td> - <td class="tdl"><span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span></td> - <td class="tdl">Start Point,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Jones.</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>The best thanks of the Committee are due to the above-named -observers for their invaluable assistance, and for the faithful -manner in which they have filled in their schedules. To Mr -Henry Nicholas, Mr Robert Clyne, and Messrs Work and -Clague, we are in addition indebted for their kindness in sending -wings, etc., of the, to them, unknown species killed or -captured at their respective stations, by which means we have -been able to add not a little to the value and interest of the -returns. We trust their good example may be followed by -others. The trifling expenses incurred will be only too gladly -refunded in all cases. Our thanks are also due to Messrs -Macpherson and Duckworth, Messrs F. Reynolds, G. H. Caton-Haigh, -R. P. Harper, and H. Harbord, for their kind co-operation -in furnishing valuable independent<span class="pagenum" id="Page_110">- 110 -</span> observations.</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Diary of the Principal Movements.</span></h3> - -<p>The order of the stations is from north to south. The wind -and weather are given in parenthesis. For the weather the -symbols of the Beaufort Scale have been adopted;<a id="FNanchor_14" href="#Footnote_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> and the -force of the wind ranges from 0 to 12.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_14" href="#FNanchor_14" class="label">[14]</a> Beaufort Scale.—<span class="allsmcap">B.</span> blue sky; <span class="allsmcap">C.</span> detached clouds; <span class="allsmcap">D.</span> drizzling rain; <span class="allsmcap">F.</span> fog; -<span class="allsmcap">G.</span> dark, gloomy; <span class="allsmcap">H.</span> hail; <span class="allsmcap">L.</span> lightning; <span class="allsmcap">M.</span> misty; <span class="allsmcap">O.</span> overcast; <span class="allsmcap">P.</span> passing -showers; <span class="allsmcap">Q.</span> squally; <span class="allsmcap">R.</span> rain; <span class="allsmcap">S.</span> snow; <span class="allsmcap">T.</span> thunder; <span class="allsmcap">U.</span> ugly, threatening; <span class="allsmcap">V.</span> -visibility, unusual transparency; <span class="allsmcap">W.</span> dew.</p> - -</div> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>April 13th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Wheatears very numerous; great numbers all -night. Nine killed. (E.S.E., light, haze.)</p> - -<p><i>Bahama Bank</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Fifty-two "Stonechatters" (? Wheatears), -at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; twelve killed, forty captured alive, also two Blackbirds -and six Daws killed at same time. (S. by E., 5, misty.)</p> - -<p><i>Bull Point</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A Goldcrest at lantern at 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>April 18th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Rockliffe, Cumberland.</i>—Great numbers of birds passing in -parties every fifteen minutes, at 8.45 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> until 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, and -perhaps later. They were passing in a N.E. direction at great -speed, and calling. Mr Smith distinguished Geese, Golden-eyes, -and Widgeon. (N.W., fine, clear, moonlight.)</p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>April 22d.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Ten Sedge Warblers and three Wheatears on -lantern, from 1 to 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> A good many Swallows flying north -between 1 and 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> One Grasshopper Warbler at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Bahama Bank</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—"About five dozen White and Blue Throats -and Stonechats at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, eight killed." (S.W., 4; <span class="allsmcap">O. R.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Flatholm</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Small flocks of Chiff-Chaff all night.</p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 8th to 12th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—"From the 8th to the 12th of October -large flocks of migrants were to be seen in the southern parts of -the Isle of Man, and were principally composed of Thrushes, -Starlings, Linnets, Redbreasts, Blackbirds, and Wrens."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_111">- 111 -</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 10th.</i></p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Larks, Blackbirds, and Goldcrests, -between 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Large flocks of Larks to-day.</p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A large flock of Fieldfares at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 16th.</i><a id="FNanchor_15" href="#Footnote_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_15" href="#FNanchor_15" class="label">[15]</a> For the prevailing meteorological conditions from October 16th to 20th, see -observations under the "General Remarks" on this section of the Report.</p> - -</div> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Wild Goose at 5 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Large numbers of Thrushes, Starlings, -and other birds all night.</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Blackbirds, Thrushes, Redwings, Titlarks, and -Linnets about the vessel all night. (S.S.E., 3; fog.)</p> - -<p><i>Skerries Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds, Larks, Thrushes, Starlings, -Snipes, and Woodcocks flying around the lantern; some killed. -(E., 4; misty.)</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Starlings from 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> till 1 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Fifty Starlings at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; a large flock of -Larks at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Thirty Starlings, twenty Thrushes, fourteen -Blackbirds, and four Larks killed between 12.30 and 2.30 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Several Mistletoe Thrushes at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (E.N.E., 9; <span class="allsmcap">B. C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Seventy to eighty Starlings, twenty-one -killed; twenty to thirty Thrushes, two killed; eight to ten -Blackbirds, six killed. (E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Bull Point</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Four Starlings, two Thrushes, and one Blackbird -killed.</p> - -<p><i>Godrevy</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Great numbers of Thrushes, Redwings, and -Starlings, and a few Blackbirds. (E, 3; <span class="allsmcap">M. R.</span>) Two dozen -killed between 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Longships</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A good many Starlings and Fieldfares between -2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> and daylight; a few killed.</p> - -<p><i>Bishop Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A few Blackbirds, Thrushes, Larks, and -Starlings between 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> and daylight. (E.N.E., 7; squally, rain, -and mist.)</p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Thrushes, Redwings, Starlings, and -Larks, from 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Several struck. Sixteen caught. -(N.E., 8; <span class="allsmcap">O. R. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_112">- 112 -</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 17th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Four or five Common Wrens; large flock of -Grey Linnets; large flocks of Skylarks; and a few Song -Thrushes at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (E, light; haze.)</p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Large numbers of Thrushes, Starlings, -"and other birds not made out," throughout the night. (E. to -S.E., strong breeze; showers and haze.)</p> - -<p><i>St Bees</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Three Grey Geese and large numbers of Fieldfares -at noon.</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Redwings, Thrushes, and Titlarks from midnight to -sunrise. (S.S.E., 3; fog.) Some killed. Titlarks, Blackbirds, -Chaffinches, and Linnets flying in company around the vessel -during the morning.</p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Three small "Pinks" on deck at 1 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>St Tudwal's</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Blackbird at 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Starlings and flocks of Linnets in -the forenoon; two Goldcrests on the rock all day.</p> - -<p><i>Smalls</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Ring Ouzel passing at noon. "White -Buntings" about the rocks.</p> - -<p><i>Flatholm</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Enormous flocks of Martins and Swallows all -day.</p> - -<p><i>Bideford Bar</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Four Grey Geese at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 18th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Flock of thirty Lapwings at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> One -Swallow at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Large numbers of Thrushes, Starlings, -and other birds throughout the night. (E. and S.E., 6; <span class="allsmcap">P. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Large flocks of Titlarks and Blackbirds in company -flying south all day.</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Six Blackbirds, one Thrush, and one Titlark -killed between 4 and 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (Calm; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>) Small flocks -of Larks and Finches going N.W. from 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to noon.</p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Seven Martins appeared.</p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Two Thrushes and two Blackbirds killed at -3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Godrevy</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Two Swallows at 1 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Three Redwings and several Titlarks struck -at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_113">- 113 -</span></span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 19th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Numbers of Starlings at lantern between land -3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Large quantity of small birds about the vessel -from midnight to sunrise. Lapwings, Sand-Larks, Redwings, -Skylarks, and Blackbirds killed; many others falling overboard. -A Yellow-Hammer and Stonechat alive on deck. (E. -by S., 1; fog.)</p> - -<p><i>Holyhead Breakwater</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Northern Diver at noon going -west.</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds, Thrushes, Ring Ouzels, and -Larks from 1 to 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Thirty killed. (E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Flatholm</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—"Crested Wrens first seen."</p> - -<p><i>Bull Point</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Blackbird and one Thrush struck at -3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 20th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A flock of Lapwings at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; one Swallow -3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—About a dozen small birds at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; -three Crows at 11.40 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Two Larks and four Blackbirds at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; -three Starlings at 4.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; several Wrens at 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; one -Hawk at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> (N. to N.N.W., 4; <span class="allsmcap">B. C. V.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Flatholm</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A large flock of Swallows at noon.</p> - -<p><i>Godrevy</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Starlings, Thrushes, and Blackbirds at -light from 2 to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Longships</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A great many Starlings from 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to -daylight.</p> - -<p><i>Bishop Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Blackbirds, Thrushes, Larks, two -or three Titlarks, Chaffinches, and Starlings from midnight to -daylight.</p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—"Hundreds of birds here this morning. -Missel Thrushes, Blackbirds, Ring Ouzels, Fieldfares, Thrushes, -Redwings, Starlings, Larks, Wheatears, Flycatcher species, -Robins, and Wagtails," from 2 to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (N.N.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>) A -great number striking and falling over. Twenty-three caught. -"No Fieldfares striking."</p> - -<p><i>Start</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Twelve Starlings, two Skylarks, one Thrush, and -one Dishwasher [Wagtail] fluttering against the lantern at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_114">- 114 -</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>October 30th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A few Blackbirds at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Numbers of Starlings, Thrushes, Blackbirds, -and Fieldfares from 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> Numbers struck and fell over -into the sea. (S.E., 6; <span class="allsmcap">D.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>St Bees</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Two Woodcock at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Selker</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Flocks of Crows, Blackbirds, Titlarks, and Larks -going south during the day.</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Do, do. do.</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Ten Starlings killed.</p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—A few Starlings at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Large flocks -of Larks all day.</p> - -<p><i>Smalls</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A few Starlings at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Bideford Bar</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Sparrow struck at 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Godrevy</i> L.ii.—Four Starlings struck between 6 and 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Flock of Golden Plovers; a large quantity of -Starlings and Larks, Grasshopper Warbler [?] and Goldcrests -between 7.30 and 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> Twenty-eight killed. (S.E., 1; -<span class="allsmcap">C. D. M.</span>)</p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>November 8th.</i><a id="FNanchor_16" href="#Footnote_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a></p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_16" href="#FNanchor_16" class="label">[16]</a> For the prevailing meteorological conditions for November 8th to 13th, see -observations under General Remarks section of this Report.</p> - -</div> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds, Thrushes, and Redwings between -8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (S.E., 2; <span class="allsmcap">M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Large numbers of Thrushes, Blackbirds, -Larks, and Starlings throughout the night. (S., 2; M.)</p> - -<p><i>Selker</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—A great many Larks flying about the lantern all -night; a few killed. (S.S.E., 4; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Starlings, Larks, Thrushes, and "Pinks" -around the lantern all night.</p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Wheatears at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Smalls</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Starlings, Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Larks in -large numbers at 5 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and throughout the night. (E.S.E., 3; -<span class="allsmcap">O. C. M. D.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Many Blackbirds and Thrushes between 1 -and 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Eighteen killed. (E.N.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Breaksea</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Blackbirds and Starlings all night. Eleven -killed. (E., 4; M.)</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_115">- 115 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Bishop Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Thrushes and Starlings all night. (S.S.E., -3; <span class="allsmcap">M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Redwings, Starlings, Thrushes, and Blackbirds -from 1 to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; twenty-two caught; many striking and falling -into the sea. (S.E. by S., 3; c. V.) Redwings, Starlings, Larks, -Thrushes,, and Fieldfares from 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (9th); thirty -caught, numbers flying around the lantern. (E N.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. D. M.</span>)</p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>November 9th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A flock of Fieldfares at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> A large -rush of birds appears to have taken place at this station during -the night, when numbers struck the lantern, principally on the -east side, and were most likely killed, for they left marks of -blood on the windows. Flocks of Thrushes, Fieldfares, Blackbirds, -and Larks all night. Large numbers striking and falling -into the sea. (S.E., strong breeze: haze.)</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Several Blackbirds at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; a few killed and falling -overboard.</p> - -<p><i>Skerries</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—" Blackbirds and Chaffinches."</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A Blackbird caught at lantern at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Sixty Blackbirds, forty Thrushes, six -Larks, and six Starlings killed between 1 and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (S.E., 4; -<span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Six Blackbirds killed between 4 and 4.30 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Four Snipe killed at 4.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (E.N.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Bull Point</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Thrush struck at 1.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Godrevy</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A few Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Starlings -struck, but not killed, from 1 to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> One Robin struck at -8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Wolf Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—"Grey Birds" and Starlings flying around -the lantern at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Larks, Thrushes, and Fieldfares around the -lantern in the early morning. Thrushes, Blackbirds, Starlings, -Larks, one Storm Petrel, and "I think one Marsh Tit," at -light between 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and midnight. Seven caught. (E.N.E., 3; -<span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>November 10th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—"Blackbirds and Thrushes all night."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_116">- 116 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Flocks of Thrushes and Blackbirds all -night. One Snipe killed. (S.E., strong breeze; haze.)</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—One Thrush and one Blackbird killed during the -night. One Storm Petrel struck.</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds and Starlings from 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to -midnight.</p> - -<p><i>Carnarvon Bay</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—A great number of birds around the -lantern all night; one Lark and one Thrush killed.</p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Six Blackbirds, two Larks, and four -Thrushes killed. Numbers at lantern all night. (S.E., 4; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Smalls</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Starlings, Sparrows, Blackbirds, and Chaffinches -at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Nash (E.)</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Numbers of Blackbirds and Thrushes struck -between 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and midnight. Nine of the former and forty-two -of the latter killed. (E.N.E., 4; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Bull Point</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Blackbird struck at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Bishop Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Jack Snipe killed at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Several Redwings and Starlings killed. One -Jack Snipe and Storm Petrel between 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and midnight. -(E.N.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">O. D. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Start</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—One Snipe killed at 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - - -<p class="tdc"><i>November 11th.</i></p> - -<p><i>Langness</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Four Blackbirds at light at 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> One Snipe -killed at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Chickens Rock</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Flocks of Thrushes, Starlings, Blackbirds, -and other species arrived at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> (S.E., strong breeze; haze.)</p> - -<p><i>Dee</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>—Many Thrushes during night.</p> - -<p><i>South Stack</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds and Starlings at lantern in early -morning, and, along with Thrushes, again at night, when several -were killed.</p> - -<p><i>South Bishop</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds, Larks, Starlings, and Thrushes -during the night; several of each species killed. (S.E., 3; <span class="allsmcap">C. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Eddystone</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—Blackbirds, Thrushes, Redwings, Starlings, -Larks from 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (12th). Seventy-six caught, two -hundred lost over. (S.E., 5; <span class="allsmcap">O. M.</span>)</p> - -<p><i>Start</i> <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>—A few Starlings and Larks.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_117">- 117 -</span></p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">Separate Notes on each Species.</span></h3> - -<p><i>Turdus viscivorus</i>, Missel Thrush.—October 16th, South -Bishop <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, several flying around the rock at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> October -20th, Eddystone <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, "hundreds of birds around lantern between -2 and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one Missel Thrush caught."</p> - -<p><i>Turdus musicus</i>, Song Thrush.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> Continuous movements -throughout February reported along the entire coast; -the chief between the 11th and 17th, when Thrushes were -observed or killed nightly. At the South Bishop <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, a most -important station, ninety-seven Thrushes, Blackbirds, and Starlings -were captured at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> on the 15th. On the 20th of April -another important movement was observed at the Chickens -Rock <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, when flocks of Thrushes and Fieldfares, -along with Goldcrests and Larks, were careering round the -lantern, some being killed.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> The initiatory movement was observed at the -Chickens Rock on the 2d of September, where at 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> four -were fluttering around the light. On the 25th of September, at -the same station, a few were observed at 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, along with -Blackbirds. From the 8th to the 19th of October the movements -appear to have been continuous; on the 16th migrants -were noted in numbers at most stations between the Isle of -Man and the Eddystone, many being killed (S.E. and E.). -During November there were regular movements up to the -16th, the chief being on the 8th, and covering the entire coast -(S.E., moderate, cloudy); on the 9th forty were killed at the -South Bishop <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>; on the 10th from eighty to one hundred -struck the Nash (E.), forty-two being killed.</p> - -<p><i>Turdus iliacus</i>, Redwing.—<span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> First noted at Carlisle -on September 20th. At Godrevy <span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span>, at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, on October -15th; on the 16th October at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> and the Eddystone -<span class="allsmcap">L.H.</span> in considerable numbers; on the 17th, 19th, and 30th -several were killed at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> November—from the 1st -to the 12th they occurred almost daily at Langness and Eddystone; -on the 25th twelve were killed at the Nash. Finally, -on December 13th one struck the Breaksea light. This species -is recorded as perishing at the lanterns in much larger numbers -than its congeners; thirty-five were killed at the Eddystone on -the 11th of November.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_118">- 118 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Turdus pilaris</i>, Fieldfare.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 20th, Chickens -Rock, flocks, along with Thrushes, Larks, and Goldcrests, at 11 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> (S.W., light, haze).</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> First noted on October 3d at Carlisle; on October -8th, 9th, and 10th at the Chickens Rock, and on the last-named -date a large flock appeared at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> at the Nash; on the 16th -numbers at the Longships from 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> till daylight; on 17th -Fieldfares appeared at St Bees in the afternoon. During November -immigrants were observed on the 5th and 6th at Burnham, -8th at Eddystone, 9th at Chickens Rock, and 12th at -Burnham. Very few Fieldfares appear to perish at the lanterns.</p> - -<p><i>Turdus merula</i>, Blackbird.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> General movements from -12th to 17th of February, when they were observed during the -night at eight stations, ranging between Langness and the -Eddystone. On April 13th, two were killed on the Bahama -Bank <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—First noted at the Eddystone on 13th: of August, -when several were killed at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> Reported on many occasions -from most stations during October and November. The -most general movement occurred on the 16th October, when it -is recorded from nine stations between the Calf of Man and -Land's-End. Another general movement on November 9th, on -which occasion sixty Blackbirds and forty Thrushes were killed -at the South Bishop. Only reported during the night and early -morning.</p> - -<p><i>Turdus torquatus</i>, Ring Ouzel.—<span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> October 17th, -Smalls, one passing south at noon. October 19th, South Stack, -Ring Ouzels from 1 to 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, along with Blackbirds, Thrushes, -and Larks. October 20th, Eddystone, along with other species -between 2 and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; one killed.</p> - -<p><i>Saxicola ænanthe</i>, Wheatear.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 26th, Cumberland, -arrived at Ravenglass; 29th, Langness, a male. April 2d, -six or eight at Langness at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> The main body arrived on -the 13th, when they were very numerous at Langness at 4.30 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, and numbers were at the lantern all night, four males and -three females being picked up dead; at the Bahama Bank <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> -the same night, fifty-two were killed or captured. (E.S.E., fresh, -haze.) On the early morning of April 22d, they again occurred -in some numbers at both of these stations.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—First noted at Langness on the 3d of August, more<span class="pagenum" id="Page_119">- 119 -</span> -on the 9th and 18th; several at the Eddystone on the 23d; -large numbers at Langness on the 30th. October 30th, many at -the Eddystone from 2 to 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, along with Missel Thrushes, -Blackbirds, Thrushes, Redwings, Fieldfares, etc. November 8th, -Langness, several at light at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Pratincola rubetra</i>, Whinchat.—April 22d, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><i>Ruticilla phœnicurus</i>, Redstart.—April 26th, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><i>Ruticilla titys</i>, Black Redstart.—I received from Mr Henry -Nicholas the wings, tail, and feet of a female which had been -killed against the Nash (E.) lantern at midnight on the 8th of -November.</p> - -<p><i>Erithacus rubecula</i>, Redbreast.—August 12th, one appeared at -Langness. September 7th, South Stack, one at the lantern at 4 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 27th, a few at Langness at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> October 9th, numbers, -along with Thrushes and Fieldfares, at the Chickens Rock; on -the 20th, many, along with several species of <i>Turdinæ</i>, etc., at -the Eddystone between 2 and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> November 13th, at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -at the Start.</p> - -<p><i>Sylvia cinerea</i>, Whitethroat.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 23d, Carlisle. -April 27th, Merionethshire.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—August 14th, Godrevy, one killed at 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> September -5th, St Bees, one struck lantern at 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Sylvia atricapilla</i>, Blackcap.—April 15th, Merionethshire.</p> - -<p><i>Phylloscopus collybita</i>, Chiff-Chaff.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 25th, -Merionethshire, one at Penrhyndendraeth; no more till 28th, -when they became abundant. Cumberland, April 2d, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—September 19th, Cumberland, one at Ravenglass.</p> - -<p><i>Phylloscopus trochilus</i>, Willow Wren.—April 15th, Merionethshire, -first observed. April 19th, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><i>Acrocephalus phragmitis</i>, Sedge-Warbler.—April 22d, Langness, -ten at lantern from midnight to 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 29th, Cumberland, observed -at Ravenglass.</p> - -<p><i>Locustella nævia</i>, Grasshopper Warbler.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 22d, -Langness, one at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 30th, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—October 30th, Eddystone, one killed, between 7 and -10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, along with Larks and Goldcrests [?].</p> - -<p><i>Accentor modularis</i>, Fledge Sparrow.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 20th. -Langness, one at 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—October 18th, Langness, one at 1.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Parus</i> ——, Titmouse.—September 2d, Chickens Rock, three<span class="pagenum" id="Page_120">- 120 -</span> -"Titmice" at lantern at 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 6th, two at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> A small -bird with a black head, and supposed to be a Marsh Titmouse, -was killed at the Eddy stone on the night of November 9th.</p> - -<p><i>Troglodytes parvulus</i>, Wren.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> Langness, March 10th, -one at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 29th, one, and a Wheatear, at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; April -26th, one at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—August 23d, Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one caught at lantern at 2 -<span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> October 8th to 12th, Wrens and other migrants numerous -at the Chickens Rock; 20th, South Bishop, several at 10.30 -<span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> November 9th, Langness, a few at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Motacilla</i> ——, Wagtail.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 4th, Langness, -one at 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; Merionethshire, <i>M. lugubris</i> in some numbers -at Penrhyndendraeth.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—September 8th, Chickens Rock, two at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -October 10th, Langness, a large flock of Pied Wagtails (<i>M. -lugubris</i>) at 2.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 20th, Eddystone, hundreds of birds here -this morning between 2 and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, Wagtails, Thrushes, etc.; -Start, one killed at 3 a.m.; 25th, Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one Pied Wagtail on -deck at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 30th, Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>. Wagtails, Titlarks, etc., passing -S.W. all day.</p> - -<p><i>Motacilla alba</i>, White Wagtail.—May 2d, Merionethshire, one -at Penrhyndendraeth.</p> - -<p><i>Motacilla rayi</i>, Yellow Wagtail.—May 3d, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><i>Anthus pratensis</i>, Pipit, "Titlark."—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 29th, a -very large flock appeared at the Selker <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> at noon.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> First noted at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on the 15th of August, -at 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> During September, observed at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> (6th), -Langness (15th and 24th), Bishop Rock (17th). From the 15th -to 30th of October, observed almost daily at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, -often in very considerable numbers, and notably on the 18th, -21st, and 25th, when continuous streams passed, flying S. or -S.W; on the 18th they occurred in some numbers, along with -other species, at the Eddystone and the Start. From the 1st -to 9th of November they passed the Dee vessel almost daily. -On December 29th, six were observed at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> On comparatively -few instances noted as migrating at night.</p> - -<p><i>Anthus trivialis</i>, Tree Pipit.—April 19th, Merionethshire, -arrived; Carlisle, same date.</p> - -<p><i>Anthus obscurus</i>, Rock Pipit.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 29th, Langness, -several appeared at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_121">- 121 -</span></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> November 3d, Chickens Rock, several at lantern, -along with Thrushes, at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Lanius excubitor</i>, Great Grey Shrike.—March 9th, Cumberland, -one at Floriston. April 27th, one at Grimsdale.</p> - -<p><i>Lanius collurio</i>, Red-backed Shrike.—August 12th, Cumberland, -one, immature, at Lazonby.</p> - -<p><i>Hirundo rustica</i>, Swallow.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> First observed at the -Carnarvon Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on the 23d of March; next on the 31st, -when two were seen at Bull Point. At Langness, a few were -seen on the 18th and 19th of April; on the 22d, a good many, -and arrivals up to the 30th. On the 15th of May, "very many" -appeared at Langness between 4 and 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> Three observed at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on the 31st of July, -and seven on the 9th of August. On the 17th of October an -enormous flock was observed at Flatholm; and on the 25th, -four or five at Langness.</p> - -<p><i>Chelidon urbica</i>, Martin.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 23d, Carlisle.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> September 21st and 22d, large flocks at Flatholm. -October 7th, South Bishop, two at 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 8th, seven.</p> - -<p><i>Carduelis elegans</i>, Goldfinch.—January 19th, one on Caldy -Island.</p> - -<p><i>Ligurinus chloris</i>, Greenfinch.—November 9th, Selker <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one -on deck along with a Lark, both "too weak to leave the ship."</p> - -<p><i>Passer domesticus</i>, House Sparrow.—October 30th, Bideford -Bar, one struck the lantern, and caught. November 8th, Smalls, -Sparrows, along with Thrushes, etc., at 3 AM.; 26th, Menai, -"Sparrows" in the morning.</p> - -<p><i>Fringilla cœlebs</i>, Chaffinch.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> February 14th, Langness, -one at 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 28th, another at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> March 8th and -12th, one each day; 15th, two, male and female; April 9th, -one,—all at Langness.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> August 25th and 28th, single birds on the deck of -the Dee vessel. Noted singly on several dates during October -at Langness and the Selker <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> On the 20th October at South -Bishop, during the night, along with other species. Two on -deck of the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> on the 9th November, along with Blackbirds; -and at the Skerries on the same date. On the 10th -November, several at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>. at the Smalls. December 1st, -several at the Skerries at 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, along with Thrushes, Blackbirds, -etc.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_122">- 122 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Linota cannabina</i>, Linnet.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> February 26th, Chickens -Rock, flocks along with Blackbirds, Thrushes, and Larks at -8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> March 5th and 19th, small flocks at Langness in the -forenoon.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> First noted at Chickens Rock on September 2d at -9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, along with Thrushes, etc. Observed in flocks at intervals -during September, October, and November, migrating chiefly -during the day. Noted at several stations on the morning of -October 17th.</p> - -<p><i>Pyrrhula europæa</i>, Bullfinch.—October 21st, Carnarvon Bay -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> , seventeen Bullfinches, passing to S.S.E. at 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Emberiza citrinella</i>, Yellow Hammer.—October 19th, Dee -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one on deck at 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> December 26th, Langness, two at -11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Plectrophanes nivalis</i>, Snow Bunting.—October 5th, Cumberland, -one at Silloth. October 17th, Smalls, several "White -Buntings" about the rocks.</p> - -<p><i>Sturnus vulgaris</i>, Starling.—The enormous numbers, and the -frequency with which this species occurs at almost all the -stations, are again marked features in the returns. Noted for -every month save May and June, and would appear to "flock" -early, since numbers appeared at Langness on the 7th of July. -Most numerous and frequent during September, October, and -November.</p> - -<p><i>Corvus corone</i>, Carrion Crow.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 1st, Carnarvon -Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, four at 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 21st, two at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; and 28th, several -at noon,—all flying E.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> October 20th, Carnarvon Bay <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, three at noon, -flying N.E.; 30th, Selker <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, a flock flying S.W. at 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -November 8th, Holyhead, six going E. at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Corvus frugilegus</i>, Rook.—March 4th, Chickens Rock, twenty-five -flying W. at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 5th, about fifty passing to W. at -10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Bahama Bank, <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, March 16th, one flying W. at 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Alauda arvensis</i>, Skylark.—Next to the Starling, "Larks" -and Skylarks form the most numerous entries in the schedules. -In the earlier portion of the year, they are noted as occurring -between February 13th at the Eddystone, to April 20th at the -Chickens Rock. In the autumn, the entries are extremely -numerous, commencing at St Bees on September 9th. During -October<span class="pagenum" id="Page_123">- 123 -</span> and November, continuous streams passed the majority -of the stations; this was particularly the case between the 8th -and 13th of October, and 4th and 9th of November. The migration -lasted until the 21st of December. Always noted in -flocks.</p> - -<p><i>Alauda arborea</i>, Woodlark.—November 9th, Eddystone, one -killed between 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> (10th), along with Thrushes, -Redwings, and Larks.</p> - -<p><i>Cypselus apus</i>, Swift.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 26th, Cumberland, five -at Rockliffe; 29th, more. May 4th, Langness, two at 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—First autumn movement observed on August 2d -at Langness; general movement on the 3d, when fourteen struck -the Nash lantern between 10.30 and 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, four being killed -(a Cuckoo and a Willow-Wren killed at same time); on the 12th -(August) one was caught roosting at Langness; and on the 19th -the last was seen at Rockliffe, Cumberland.</p> - -<p><i>Caprimulgus europæus</i>, Nightjar.—April 27th, Merionethshire, -arrived at Penrhyndendraeth.</p> - -<p><i>Cuculus canorus</i>, Cuckoo.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 18th and 25th, -Cumberland; 27th, Merionethshire. May 4th, Langness, one -caught at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—July 25th, one at Langness. August 3d, a bird of -the year killed at 10.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> at the Nash. This was migrating -along with Swifts and Willow-Wrens, which were killed at the -same time, and sent for identification.</p> - -<p><i>Accipiter nisus</i>, Sparrow-Hawk.—September 23d, Seven Stones -<span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one resting at 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 25th, Chickens Rock, one at lantern -at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Falco æsalon</i>, Merlin.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> February 14th, Langness, two -passing to N.E. at noon. March 29th, Langness, two going N. at -2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—August 16th, Langness, one at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> September -26th, another at Langness.</p> - -<p><i>Tinnunculus alaudarius</i>, Kestrel.—August 13th, Langness, -two at 1.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p>"Hawks"—August 22d, Bideford, two: September 30th, two. -October 20th, South Bishop, one: November 2d, one; 11th, a -large one.</p> - -<p>"Falcon."—October 29th, Eddystone, "one alighted on the -rock with a Dotterel in its claws."</p> - -<p><i>Sula bassana</i>, Gannet.—August 12th, Langness, more than<span class="pagenum" id="Page_124">- 124 -</span> -usual observed. September 14th, ditto. From the beginning of -September to November 2d, observed passing the Bishop Bock. -On the 1st of October, scores going W. all day (Bishop Book).</p> - -<p><i>Ardea cinerea</i>, Heron.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 20th, Langness, the -Herons which wintered in the neighbourhood departed.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—August 2d, Langness, five appeared at 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -August 21st, one at St Tudwal's Island.</p> - -<p>"Geese."—October 3d, Cumberland, the first "Grey Geese" -heard at Rockliffe. October 16th, one "Wild Goose" at Langness; -17th, St Bees and Bideford, "Grey Geese" observed. -After this date, "Geese" became abundant, and the dates are -not of any significance.</p> - -<p><i>Bernicla leucopais</i>, Bernacle Goose.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 2d, Cumberland, -a flock flew over Stanwix in a N.W. direction.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—October 1st, Cumberland, Allonby; October 6th, -heard at Rockliffe; October 16th, arrived in great numbers on -the Solway.</p> - -<p><i>Bernicla brenta</i>, Brent Goose.—November 14th, Cumberland, -one shot at Rockliffe.</p> - -<p><i>Mareca penelope</i>, Widgeon.—March 31st, Cumberland, about -one hundred at Ravenglass. September 5th, five on the Solway. -October 6th, a great many, along with Teal, at Rockliffe.</p> - -<p><i>Chaulelasmus streperus</i>, Gadwall.—January 3d, Cumberland, a -female, inland at Hethergill.</p> - -<p><i>Querquedula crecca</i>, Teal.—September 25th, St Bees, two. -October 6th, Cumberland, many, along with Widgeon at -Rockliffe. November 16th, Godrevy, a flock.</p> - -<p><i>Clangula glaucion</i>, Golden-Eye.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> Cumberland, many -passing Rockliffe along with Widgeon and Geese on night of -April 17th; six at Monkhill, April 29th.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—October 22d, Cumberland, five on the Eden.</p> - -<p>"Black Duck" [<i>Œdemia nigra</i>].—August 31st, Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, appeared, -and were observed in numbers throughout the winter.</p> - -<p><i>Mergus serrator</i>, Red-Breasted Merganser.—Merionethshire, -stayed at Penrhyndendraeth until May 9th, on which date a -flock was seen.</p> - -<p><i>Perdix cinerea</i>, Partridge,—March 14th, St Tudwal's, one on -the island at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Coturnix communis</i>, Quail.—October 2d, Bideford, a female -killed at lantern at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_125">- 125 -</span></span></p> - -<p><i>Crex pratensis</i>, Landrail.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> April 29th, Cumberland.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—August 7th, Nash, two struck at 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one killed. -November 4th, Godrevy, one killed.</p> - -<p><i>Gallinula chloropus</i>, Moorhen.—October 9th, South Bishop, -one at lantern at 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Charadrius pluvialis</i>, Golden Plover.—September 16th, Langness, -six at 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> October 12th, Menai, a flock. October 30th, -Eddystone, a flock at 7.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> November 11th, Nash, flocks, -along with Lapwings all day and night, twelve killed at lantern.</p> - -<p><i>Squatarola helvetica</i>, Grey Plover.—September 26th, Cumberland, -observed at Maryport.</p> - -<p><i>Vanellus vulgaris</i>, Lapwing.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> February 15th, Langness, -a flock at 2 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> March 4th, three at Langness; 28th, -seven at Seven Stones <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>; 31st, twenty at Langness.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—October 3d, Langness, a flock. November 11th, -Nash, along with Golden Plover, nine killed. November 15th, -Nash, a thousand at noon. December 17th, Eddystone, several -hundreds all night, many struck, twenty-one caught. Appeared -at Caldy Island on November 20th.</p> - -<p><i>Hæmatopus ostralegus</i>, Oyster-Catcher.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 19th, -Langness, one. April 11th, four.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn.</span>—July 4th, Menai, "Sea-Pies and Puffins," at 5 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -August 30th, three at Langness.</p> - -<p><i>Phalaropus fulicarius</i>, Grey Phalarope.—Cumberland, one on -Derwentwater at end of September. October 8th, one at Silloth.</p> - -<p><i>Phalaropus hyperboreus</i>, Red-Necked Phalarope.—October -20th, Cumberland, one at Kirkbride.</p> - -<p><i>Scolopax rusticula</i>, Woodcock.—September 30th, St Bees, two -at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> October 16th, Skerries, "Woodcocks" between 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -and 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> November 1st, Eddystone, two at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 2d, one -at 1.45 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Nov. 30th, St Bees, one passed lantern at 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -December 25th, Nash, one passing N.W. at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Gallinago cælestis</i>, Common Snipe.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> March 13th, -Langness, one.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> August 4th, South Stack, one killed at 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; -5th, Holyhead, one killed at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> October 16th, Skerries, -Snipes between 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> November 10th, observed at -four stations between the Isle of Man and South Devon, namely: -Langness, one killed; Bishop Rock, one killed at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; Eddystone, -one killed at 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; Start Point, one at 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> November<span class="pagenum" id="Page_126">- 126 -</span> -12th, Langness, "some Snipe," along with Lapwings and Curlews, -at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> December 25th, Nash, one at noon.</p> - -<p><i>Lymnocrytes gallinula</i>, Jack Snipe.—October 5th, Cumberland, -at Allonby.</p> - -<p><i>Tringa canutus</i>, Knot.—October 20th, Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one killed. -November 8th, Nash, one killed.</p> - -<p><i>Machetes pugnax</i>, Ruff.—September 5th, Cumberland; one -shot out of a small flock at Burgh. October 16th, another.</p> - -<p><i>Tringoides hypoleucos</i>, Common Sandpiper.—April 19th, Cumberland, -Gretna; April 22d, Carlisle. May 5th, two, Langness. -November 9th, "one Common Sandpiper killed" at Langness.</p> - -<p><i>Helodromas ochropus</i>, Green Sandpiper.—August 11th, Cumberland, -first seen this season.</p> - -<p><i>Tringa striata</i>, Purple Sandpiper.—October, on the Cumberland -coast.</p> - -<p><i>Totanus calidris</i>, Redshank.—March 18th, four at Langness; -and one on the 27th.</p> - -<p><i>Totanus canescens</i>, Greenshank.—March 12th, Cumberland, -several at Ravenglass; 14th, one. August 10th, Cumberland, -several at Rockliffe.</p> - -<p><i>Limosa lapponica</i>, Bar-tailed Godwit.—September 26th, Cumberland -coast, very abundant.</p> - -<p><i>Numenius phæopus</i>, Whimbrel.—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> Rockliffe Marsh, -Cumberland, April 25th, heard. May 15th, heard on the wing -at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> May 19th, heard.</p> - -<p><i>Numenius arquata</i>, Curlew.—Spring: March 18th, Langness, -a large flock, but none seen after this date.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> July 24th, St Tudwal's, one hundred at 11 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> -August 7th, observed at the Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span> At Menai on the 15th.</p> - -<p><i>Hydrochelidon nigra</i>, Black Tern.—April 26th, Cumberland, -one at Allonby.</p> - -<p><i>Sterna cantiaca</i>. Sandwich Tern.—April 4th, Cumberland, a -pair at Ravenglass.</p> - -<p><i>Rissa tridactyla</i>, Kittiwake.—July 10th, Chickens Rock, -flocks of Kittiwakes.</p> - -<p><i>Larus glaucus</i>, Glaucus Gull.—October 19th, Cumberland, one -at Millom.</p> - -<p><i>Larus ridibundus</i>, Blackheaded Gull.—July 22d, Langness, -flock at 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Stercorarius</i> ——, Skua.—September 4th, Cumberland, two<span class="pagenum" id="Page_127">- 127 -</span> -on the Eden. October 5th and 15th, one at the Bishop Rock, -"very rarely seen here."</p> - -<p><i>Procellaria pelagica</i>, Storm Petrel.—October 9th, South Bishop, -several at 1.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, flying round the lantern. November 9th, -Eddystone, one hilled, along with Thrushes, Blackbirds, etc., -between 9 and 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; 10th, Eddystone, one killed, along with -a Snipe and Redwing, between 7 and 12 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; Dee <span class="allsmcap">L.V.</span>, one -struck; 13th, South Bishop, one killed at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; 15th, Carlisle, -one.</p> - -<p><i>Procellaria leucorrhoa</i>, Leach's Petrel.—October 3d, Cumberland, -one at Bowness.</p> - -<p><i>Puffinus anglorum</i>, Manx Shearwater.—August 9th, Langness, -"a large number of Manx Petrels" at 3 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Colymbus septentrionalis</i>, Redthroated Diver.—November 20th, -Cumberland, one at Silloth.</p> - -<p><i>Alca torda</i>, Razorbill.—April 14th, St Tudwal's, hundreds of -Puffins, Guillemots, and Razorbills arrived at sunrise. They -left the island on August 14th. Longships, numerous from -August 20th to October 28th.</p> - -<p><i>Lomvia troile</i>, Guillemot.—March 12th, St Tudwal's, 200 -arrived at sunrise. Another arrival on April 14th. They left -St Tudwal's on the 14th of August. Longships, observed from -September 25th to October 29th.</p> - -<p><i>Fratercula arctica</i>, Puffin.—April 14th, St Tudwal's, hundreds -arrived at sunrise along with Guillemots and Razorbills, leaving -on August 14th. July 4th, Menai, Puffins at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Longships, -observed going S.W. between August 14th and October 26th.</p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">General Remarks.</span></h3> - -<p>The Report for the West Coast of England and Wales, and -the Isle of Man, refers to the movements during the spring and -autumn migrations of about one hundred species.</p> - -<p>The spring immigration commenced on the 25th of March -with the advent of the Swallow at the Bahama Bank light-vessel, -and continued until the 15th of May, when "very -many" Swallows appeared between 4 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> and 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> at Langness. -A noteworthy incident of the vernal immigration was the -great rush of Wheatears observed at the Bahama Bank vessel -and at Langness on the night of the 13th of April, when many -perished or were captured.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_128">- 128 -</span></p> - -<p>The spring emigration did not escape attention, for on the -night of the 20th of April the returning Fieldfares, Goldcrests, -etc., were observed at 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> at the Chickens Rock. Perhaps the -continuous movements of Thrushes and Blackbirds observed -throughout February, and especially between the 11th and 17th, -are referable to this class of migrants.</p> - -<p>The autumn emigration, so far as our summer visitants are -concerned, may be said to have been initiated with the appearance -of the Cuckoo at Langness on the 25th of July, and was -prolonged until the 25th of October, when the last Swallow was -noted.</p> - -<p>The first immigrant winter visitant from Northern Europe -was the Redwing, whose appearance at Carlisle was noted on -the 20th of September. The chief general movements which -usually characterise the southward autumnal passage were two -in number, and affected the stations along the entire coast from -the Isle of Man and the Eddystone. The first commenced on -the 16th of October, and continued until the 20th. The second -extended from the 8th to the 12th of November.</p> - -<p>In connection with these general movements, which are so -often—indeed, we might say usually—participated in by a great -variety of species of very different orders seemingly seized by a -simultaneous migratory impulse, it would be, perhaps, well to -consult the meteorological record for an explanation of the -phenomenon. Mr J. A. Allen tells us that "birds discern -approaching meteorological changes," and that in the monthly -weather reports of the United States Signal Service Bureau reference -is often made to the movements of birds. "From these -reports it appears that the southward migration of Geese and -other Waterfowl usually precedes, often only by a few hours, -the approach of heavy storms, and a sudden and very great reduction -of temperature, which they often wholly avoid by keeping -in advance of the change." It would seem probable, too, -that birds await the approach of favourable meteorological conditions, -and then, having been detained by unfavourable conditions, -migrate <i>en masse</i>. Deeming that it would be interesting in -connection with the great movements during the autumn of 1885, -an examination of the weather reports issued by the Meteorological -Office has been made. The first of these, as we have seen, -commenced<span class="pagenum" id="Page_129">- 129 -</span> on the night of the 16th of October, and continued -until the night of the 20th. "The [weekly] Summary of -Changes in the Weather over the British Islands and their -Neighbourhood<a id="FNanchor_17" href="#Footnote_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a> from the 11th to the 17th of October informs -us that throughout this week the pressure over our islands and -their neighbourhood has been mainly cyclonic; from the 11th -to the 14th the type of gradient was northerly, but on the 15th -and 16th it was easterly. Two well-marked depressions appeared -in addition to the one which was passing away from us -on the morning of the 11th. The second of these depressions, -which had become a shallow subsidiary disturbance on the 15th -over the south of France, moved westward from our area during -the 16th; and as this system passed away, an anti-cyclonic -"col" was formed over our islands, uniting an anti-cyclone -over France with another off our extreme western coasts. With -this anti-cyclone the cold northerly winds which had prevailed -changed, and on the 16th the weather became very fine over -England, the temperature rose, and the wind became a southeasterly -breeze. The summary for the 18th to the 24th of -October informs us that "the distribution of pressure over our -islands and France was anti-cyclonic, with light or moderate -south-easterly and easterly winds, till the 20th, then cyclonic -and complex, with northerly winds."</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_17" href="#FNanchor_17" class="label">[17]</a> These reports and summaries refer not only to the British Islands, but to -North-Western Europe, from Bodo and Haparanda to Corunna and Toulon. -They are based upon numerous Continental returns from the area indicated, as -well as from all parts of our own islands.</p> - -</div> - -<p>The second movement extended from the 8th to the 12th of -November. Regarding the meteorological conditions, the summaries -tell us that previous to the 8th the weather had been -changeable and unsettled generally, and the distribution of -pressure mainly cyclonic, with westerly, north-westerly, and -southerly winds. From the 8th to 13th the pressure system -over North-Western Europe was anti-cyclonic, with light -(easterly in south, south-easterly in west, and southerly in the -north) breezes. On the 13th, however, a large and somewhat -deep depression advanced from the Atlantic, and spread quickly -over all North-Western Europe, with gradients for south-westerly -and westerly winds.</p> - -<p>Thus we had the two chief movements of the autumn ushered -in by and concurrent with anti-cyclonic conditions, preceded by -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_130">- 130 -</span> -and ceasing with cyclonic depressions. These great barometric -changes are also frequently accompanied by equally great -changes in temperature, and this may be the cause of the -mists which so commonly prevail on "a migration night."</p> - -<p>It would be well if a summary of all the sections of the reports -could be submitted to a competent meteorologist. This, -it is thought, would result in a few years in establishing a better -understanding of the relationship which exists between the -weather and the great movements of birds.</p> - -<p>It cannot be said that the southerly flow of autumn migrants -is evenly distributed along the entire west coast of England, -though such appears to be commonly the case on the east coast. -On the contrary, the schedules again afford unmistakable evidence -that the great majority of these migrants are observed -at stations south of Anglesey. But while the north-west section -of the coast is thus less favoured than the rest, such is not -the case with the Isle of Man, which comes in for an important -share of the west coast migratory movements. Now, since it -is a well-established fact that large masses of migrants from -Northern Europe, along with others from the Faröes, Iceland, -and Greenland, pass down the west coast of Scotland, whence -many cross to Ireland, it seems probable, from the evidence -borne by the English West Coast returns, that the majority of -the remainder leave Scotland at some point on the Wigtown -coast, and pass to the west coast of Wales by way of the Isle of -Man, and thus avoid the English shores of the Irish Sea.<a id="FNanchor_18" href="#Footnote_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a> -Whether this is a reasonable and likely explanation, or not, the -fact remains that the schedules for the years 1884 and 1885<a id="FNanchor_19" href="#Footnote_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> -received from the coasts of Flint, Cheshire, Lancashire, and -Cumberland—and they are among the most faithfully kept—make -it evident that during those seasons comparatively few of -the ordinary migrants were observed there, and that the great -general movements did not affect them in any considerable -degree.</p> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_18" href="#FNanchor_18" class="label">[18]</a> The remarks do not apply to migrants among the <i>Limicolæ</i> and <i>Anseres</i>, -which, as a rule, religiously follow coast lines, and which are abundantly represented -on the Solway and coasts of Cumberland and Lancashire.</p> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a id="Footnote_19" href="#FNanchor_19" class="label">[19]</a> The scarcity or entire absence of migratory birds at St Bees is remarked upon -ill the Reports for 1880 and 1881.</p> - -</div> - -<p>The migratory movements of such partially resident species<span class="pagenum" id="Page_131">- 131 -</span> -as the Redbreast, Hedge Sparrow, Wren, Greenfinch, Sparrow, -Bullfinch, Yellow Hammer, and others are recorded.</p> - -<p>Of the rarer and more interesting species included in the -Report, the Black Redstart, White Wagtail, Gadwall, Red-Necked -and Grey Phalaropes, Ruff, Black Tern, Glaucus Gull, -and Leach's Petrel may be mentioned.</p> - -<p>As an unusual species to observe at the lantern, we may -allude to the occurrence of the Moorhen (<i>Gallinula chloropus</i>) -at the South Bishop, a locality indicating that the bird must -have been migrating.</p> - -<p>The scarcity of the Woodcock, Goldcrest, and Short-Eared -Owl is worthy of note. This is the more remarkable in the case -of the Woodcock, since it occurred in almost unprecedented -numbers on the east coast of England.</p> - -<p class="tdr"><span class="smcap">W. Eagle Clarke.</span></p> - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_132">- 132 -</span></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="IRISH_COAST">IRISH COAST.</h2> -</div> - - -<p>The number of light stations returning schedules was only -one less than in 1885, although four schedules less were sent out.</p> - -<p>There was no light shown at the Tuskar Rock—the best Irish -station—between from June 1st to November 20th, but since -that date a more powerful light has been exhibited.</p> - -<p>The great importance of forwarding a leg and wing of at least -one specimen of each species killed, cannot be too strongly impressed -upon on the light-keepers. Unless the birds are correctly -identified, the value of this inquiry is materially -diminished, and ornithologists may refuse to accept the statements -of the observers.</p> - -<p>In the schedules sent out in the spring of 1886, the request -to forward the legs and wings of birds was conspicuously printed -on the top of each schedule. Mr Edward M'Carron, who had -already proved himself a most intelligent observer at the Tearaght -Rock (removed to Mine Head in the autumn), has been -the largest contributor of specimens, and his careful notes prove -the interest taken in this inquiry.</p> - -<p>Anticipatory of the report for the spring of 1886, it may be -mentioned that several rare species have occurred, which would -probably have passed under another name, were it not for the -distribution of six copies of "Morris's British Birds," with -coloured plates, and the production of specimens. We trust the -Commissioners of Irish Lights will distribute six additional -copies of Morris in the present year. We believe these volumes -are greatly appreciated, and that in placing them in their annual -list of books to be purchased for the light-keepers, a wise selection -has been made.</p> - -<p>No specimen of the Greenland Falcon or Snowy Owl was -observed in 1885. The former species cannot, therefore, be regarded -as a more than an accidental winter visitor to the West -Coast; and only one specimen of the Snowy Owl was recorded -since these observations were commenced. Thrushes, including -probably Redwings, were noted in considerable numbers about -the lights, over a range of sixty miles on the Wexford and -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_133">- 133 -</span> -Wicklow coasts, between the 11th and 15th February. There -was no hard frost at the time. These lights are all seven to ten -miles from shore. During the second week in April, at several -stations. Thrushes are recorded. The great autumn rush took -place between the 6th and 10th November, and a smaller one -between the 17th and 20th October. Blackbirds accompanied -the Thrushes, but in smaller numbers.</p> - -<p>"A Blackbird with a white breast" was observed at Mine -Head from the 8th to the 10th December. A further description -given of this bird shows it may have been a Ring Ouzel. -The Hedge Sparrow seems to be resident in small numbers during -the winter on the Tearaght Rock, nine miles off the Kerry -coast, and possibly it breeds there. No clear indication of the -migration of the Robin has yet been shown on the Irish Coast. -The records of its occurrence are few and scattered. The Black -Redstart was recorded at several stations in the southern half of -Ireland; specimens were forwarded from Mine Head, the Skelligs, -and Rockabill. It is apparently a regular winter visitor to the -Skelligs and Tearaght, generally appearing in October and -November. With one exception (in February) there is no record -of its occurrence during any other month. The autumn migration -of the Goldcrest was the smallest yet recorded, but on the -12th and 13th April a spring movement was apparent. As usual, -the Starling is the best marked migrant, occurring at almost -every station. There is no record yet of the Chough having -been seen on the east coast by the light-keepers. The Magpie is -apparently not a migratory bird in Ireland. The observations -on the Cuckoo and Corncrake are few, when it is remembered -they are well-known and regular visitors. There is, so far, no -record of the Cuckoo having struck the lanterns, and but one -instance of the Corncrake so doing. It has been stated as an -"undoubted fact" (Yarrell, 4th ed., vol. iii., p. 324), by Mr -Howard Saunders, that the Woodcock often makes its appearance -on the south and west coasts of Ireland before it is noticed -in the north and east. The light-keepers' schedules do not -contradict this statement; but their observations are not yet -sufficiently numerous to confirm it beyond a doubt. The northward -movement of the Whimbrel (May Bird or young Curlew) -has been well marked every year. On the return journey they -are either confounded with the Curlew, or if they take the same -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_134">- 134 -</span> -route, they may travel at a higher level without whistling, and -thus escape the notice of the light-keepers. The schedules from -the Skelligs and Tearaght have always a special interest, these -rocks being the greatest breeding-places of sea birds on the -Irish Coast. Mr M'Carron estimates the number of Stormy -Petrels on the Tearaght in July at six or seven thousand. The -changes of plumage in the Razorbill has been the source of much -comment by Mr M'Carron. The sudden and almost complete -disappearance of the so-called "Black-billed Auk," and the reappearance -of the Razorbill in breeding plumage in a short -interval, show that when the old birds arrive to breed, the young -birds of the previous year leave the neighbourhood of the -Tearaght, and probably go out to sea.</p> - -<p>A young bird, 8 inches long, and still carrying a few whitish -downy feathers at the back of the neck, sent up by Mr M'Carron, -and obtained on August 1st, has the chin and throat <i>black</i>. An -older bird, killed on January 13th, has the chin and throat -white. In Yarrell, vol. iv., p. 60, the chin and throat of a bird -a week old is said to be <i>white</i>; and Seebohm says the young in -down have the underparts <i>greyish white</i>.</p> - -<p>In the report for 1884, it is stated that no Gannets perched on -the Little Skellig after October 20th, and in the present report -February 28th is given as the date of their reappearance on this -well-known Irish breeding station.</p> - -<p>The most interesting stations are those on small islands or -rocks, or light-vessels at a considerable distance from shore; and -the regular occurrence of so many land birds of apparently weak -powers of flight around these lanterns is a matter of surprise to -those unacquainted with the facts of migration.</p> - -<p>We believe this inquiry has contributed not a little to enlighten -the general public as to the movements of birds, some of -which were partially known to ornithologists, and others suspected; -but the accumulated data of the observers (making all -reasonable allowances for errors in identification), are sufficient -to satisfy the most sceptical of the powers of flight and endurance -possessed by many small birds, and the wide range of the -migratory impulse.</p> - -<p>An effort has been made this year to shorten the Irish report, -but the number of birds which strike the lights is comparatively -small, compared with the large numbers arriving on the coasts of -<span class="pagenum" id="Page_135">- 135 -</span> -Great Britain. It is therefore all the more necessary to give the -records in detail, in order to arrive at any general and trust-worthy -conclusion.</p> - -<p>To the Commissioners of Irish Lights, to the secretary, Mr -Owen Armstrong; and to Captain Boxer, R.N., we continue to -be under many obligations. It is, however, to the light-keepers -themselves we are most indebted, since they have gratuitously -placed at our disposal much of their leisure, and evinced an -interest in this inquiry which could scarcely have been anticipated. -Some of their names must be specially mentioned in -connection with the occurrence of rare birds in the report for -1886, which promises to be an interesting one.</p> - -<p class="tdr"> -<span class="smcap">Alexander G. More.</span> <br /> -<span class="smcap">Richard M. Barrington.</span></p> - - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_136">- 136 -</span></p> - -<p class="caption3nb"><i>List of Light-Stations.</i></p> - -<table summary="stations"> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdc vbot">Sp.</td> - <td class="tdc vbot">Au.</td> - <td class="tdc vbot">Miles<br />from<br />Shore.</td> - <td class="tdc vbot">Name of Observers.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">1.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Fastnet, Co. Cork,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">8</td> - <td class="tdl">James Walsh.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">2.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Galley Head, Cork,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">John Kelly.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">3.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Old Head, Kinsale, Cork,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl"><i>No reply.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">4.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Mine Head, Waterford,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Hugh J. Dugan and Edward M'Carron.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">5.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Dungarvan, Waterford,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Wm. Higginbotham.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">5.</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdl">Coningbeg Lt.-ship, Wexford,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">10</td> - <td class="tdl">Patrick Cullen and William Clydesdale.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">6.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Barrels Rock Lt.-ship, do.,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdl">Michael Doyle and Charles H. M'Cabe.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">7.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Tuskar Rock, do.,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">7</td> - <td class="tdl">Richard Hamilton and Patrick D'Arcy.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">8.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Arklow Sth. Lt.-ship, Wicklow,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">7</td> - <td class="tdl">Patrick Clancy and Alfred B. Wall.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">8.</td> - <td class="tdc">*</td> - <td class="tdl">Arklow North Lt.-ship, do.,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">8</td> - <td class="tdl">William Daly.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">10.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Kish Bank Lt.-ship, Dublin,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">7</td> - <td class="tdl">John Pinston and Thomas Cooney.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">11.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Howth Baily, Dublin,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl"><i>No reply.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">12.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Rockabill, Dublin,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdl">Joseph Hammond.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">13.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Copeland (Mew) Island, Down,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdl">John O'Donnell.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">14.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Maidens, Antrim,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdl">Michael Barry.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">15.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Rathlin, Antrim,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdl">John A. Murray.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">16.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Innishtrahull, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdl">R. Phelan.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">17.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Dunree Head, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">John Stapleton.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">18.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Lough Swilly, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">James Keenan.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">19.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Tory Island, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">Henry Stocker.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">20.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Arranmore, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">5</td> - <td class="tdl">Henry Williams.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">21.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Rathlin O'Birne, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdl">John Scallan.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">22.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Killybegs, Donegal,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Joseph Hill.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">23.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Oyster Island, N. Sligo,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">1</td> - <td class="tdl"><i>No reply.</i></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">24.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Broadhaven, Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Patrick Keenan.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">25.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Eagle Island, E., Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdl">Daniel Hawkins.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">26.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Eagle Island, W., Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">2</td> - <td class="tdl">No schedule sent.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">27.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Blackrock, Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">John Redmond, J. Young, R. Lyons,<br /> - and Edward Rohu.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">28.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Point, Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Robt. W. Redmond.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">29.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Clare Island, Mayo,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">4</td> - <td class="tdl">G. H. Brownell.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">30.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Slyne Head, N., Galway,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">o</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdl">Robert Tyrell.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">31.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Slyne Head, S., Galway,</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">3</td> - <td class="tdl">No schedule sent.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">32.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Island, N., Galway,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas Fortune.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">33.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Straw Island, Galway,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">Charles Boyle.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">34.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Arran Island, S., Galway,</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">6</td> - <td class="tdl">No schedule sent.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">37.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Tearaght, Kerry,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">Edward M'Carron and Francis Ryan.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">38.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Valentia, Kerry,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdl">Joseph Williams.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">39.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Skelligs, Kerry,</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">x</td> - <td class="tdc">9</td> - <td class="tdl">Thomas Kerley.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdr">40.</td> - <td></td> - <td class="tdl">Dursey Island, Cork,</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">—</td> - <td class="tdc">½</td> - <td class="tdl">No schedule sent.</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="ind2em">Abbreviations:</p> - -<p class="tdc">o = No reply. x = Schedule returned partly or wholly filled,<br /> - Sp. = Spring, 34 schedules sent out; replies received, 27. <br /> - Au. = Autumn, 34 schedules sent out; replies received, 25.<br /></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_137">- 137 -</span></p> - -<p class="caption3nb"><i>Legs, Wings, etc., Received.</i></p> - -<table summary="data"> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Mine Head</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wing of Starling, shot 11th December.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Wing and Leg of Widgeon, found killed 13th December.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Black Redstart, in flesh, shot 18th November.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Coningbeg Lt.-ship</i></td> - <td class="tdl">Leg and wing of Titlark, found on deck, 6th October.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Tuskar</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Two Corncrakes, received in flesh; shot on rock May 13th.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Rockabill</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Black Redstart (old male), in flesh; shot November 21st.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Killybegs</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Wing of Woodcock, killed striking, 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, 18th November.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Eagle Island</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Leg and wing. Redwing, killed striking 16th October.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl"> " Blackbird, " "</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Tearaght</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Leg and wing of Wheatear, August 27th.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl"> " Stormy Petrel (young), struck August 5th.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl"> " Swallow found dead. May 22d.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Skin of Thrush, 28th January.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Leg and wing. Rock Pipit, 10th August.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Wing of Curlew, 20th March.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"> "</td> - <td class="tdl">Skin of young Razorbill of year, 1st August.</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Skelligs</i>,</td> - <td class="tdl">Black Redstart, in flesh, shot 18th November.</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="caption3nb"><i>List of Birds Noticed.</i></p> - -<table summary="birdlist"> -<tr> - <td style="padding:0.25em;"> -<table summary="birds1"> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="smaller">PAGE</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hawks,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Hawk">139</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Owl,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Owl">140</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Flycatchers,"</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Flycatchers">140</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Missel Thrush,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Missel_Thrush">141</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Thrush,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Thrush">141</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Redwing</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Redwing">142</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Fieldfare,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Fieldfare">142</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Blackbird,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Blackbird">143</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Ring Ouzel,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Ring_Ouzel">144</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hedge Sparrow,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Hedge_Sparrow">144</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Robin,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Robin">144</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Black Redstart,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Black_Redstart">144</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Blackcap" (Stonechat),</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Blackcap">145</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Stonechat" (Wheatear),</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Stonechat">145</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Grasshopper Warbler,"</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Grasshopper_Warbler">146</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Whitethroat,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Whitethroat">146</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Chiff-Chaff,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Chiff_Chaff">146</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Golden-crested Wren,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Golden_Crested_Wren">146</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Wren</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Wren">147</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Tits,"</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Tit">147</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Wagtail,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Wagtail">147</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Titlark,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Titlarks">148</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Larks,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Larks">148</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Snow Bunting,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Snow_Bunting">150</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Yellow Hammer,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Yellowhammer">150</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Chaffinch,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Chaffinch">150</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Mountain Finch,"</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Mountain_Finch">151</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Sparrow,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Sparrow">151</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Greenfinch,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Greenfinch">151</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Redpole,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Redpole">151</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Linnets,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Linnets">152</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Twite,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Twite">152</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Starling,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Starling">153</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Chough,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Cough">155</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Raven,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Ravens">155</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Hooded Crow,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Hooded_Crow">155</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Rook,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Rook">156</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - </td> - <td class="vtop" style="padding:0.25em;"> -<table summary="birds2"> -<tr> - <td></td> - <td class="smaller">PAGE</td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Jackdaw,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Jackdaw">156</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Magpie,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Magpie">156</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Swallow,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Swallow">157</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Martin,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Martin">158</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Swift,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Swift">158</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Cuckoo,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Cuckoo">158</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Pigeons,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Pigeons">158</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Partridge,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Partridge">159</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Corncrake,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Corncrake">159</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Water Rail,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Water_Rail">159</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Water Hen,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Waterhen">159</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Golden Plover,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Golden_Plover">160</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Green Plover,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Green_Plover">160</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Sea Pie,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Seapie">160</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Woodcock,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Woodcock">161</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Snipe,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Snipe">161</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">"Sea Larks,"</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Sea_Larks">162</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Redshank,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Redshank">162</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Greenshank,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Greenshank">162</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Curlew,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Curlew">162</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Whimbrel,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Whimbrel">163</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Terns,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Terns">164</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Gulls,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Gulls">164</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">ManxvShearwater,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Manx_Shearwater">165</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Stormy Petrel,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Stormy_Petrel">166</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Razorbill,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Razorbill">166</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Guillemot,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Guillemot">167</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Puffin,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Puffin">167</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Great Northern Diver,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#GNDiver">168</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Cormorant,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Cormorant">169</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Gannet,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Gannet">169</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Heron,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Herons">171</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Geese,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Geese">171</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Ducks,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Ducks">172</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Merganser,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Merganser">172</a></td> -</tr> -<tr> - <td class="tdl">Birds not identified,</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Birds_Not_Ided">173</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - </td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_138">- 138 -</span></p> - - -<h3><span class="smcap">General Remarks of Light-Keepers.</span></h3> - -<p><i>Galley Head.</i>—<span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> No birds were killed striking the -lantern during the two years I have been at this station.—John -Kelly.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—<span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> A pair of Ravens and Peregrine -Falcons, and several pairs of Choughs, breed in the cliffs close -to the lighthouse. A large number of Cormorants also build -here, and Gulls on several islets close to the shore.—Hugh J. -Dugan.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—<span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> There was no light shown in lighthouse -from June 1st to November 20th, which accounts for the -apparent scarcity of some migrants at this station.—Richard -Hamilton.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—On the night of November 9th, -several birds of various kinds about lantern; many killed; some -fell on deck, and a large number overboard.—Patrick Clancy.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—May 3d, large flocks of land-birds -about lantern at night.—William Daly.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—In January and February few birds seen, -except Seapies, Gulls, and Shearwaters. From June 21st to -16th July no birds save Gannets, Gulls, and Seapies.—M. Barry.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—I have only observed birds about the lantern -on dark nights, and in thick misty weather.—R. Phelan.</p> - -<p><i>Lough Swilly.</i>—Birds are scarce here—not a single one has -struck lantern since I came.—James Keenan.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—Seagulls and Curlews are here all the year. Lapwing's -nest close by. Cormorants and Pigeons breed in cliff's.—J. Hill.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—Gulls were scarce, and Gannets, "Sea -Parrots, and Puffins" were only to be seen in flight, which was -invariably to the west—the Gannets in a long extended line, -singly or in pairs, and the Sea Parrots in flocks of twenty to fifty, -flying low. There are two Titlarks, two Wrens, and about ten -Sandlarks on island at present (1st January 1886). A few of -the last-named breed here, also the Titlarks, and possibly the -Wrens, as there are some old walls into which I have seen them -hop for shelter; but I Have never noticed them in spring or -summer.—Daniel Hawkins.</p> - -<p><i>Clare Island.</i>—The sea-birds (Gulls, Puffins, Guillemots, and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_139">- 139 -</span> -Cormorants) continued to arrive from 1st of April to 1st of June -to breed. They were not as numerous as last year. All left -before August 15th, except the Cormorants and a few Royal -Gulls. Eagles always remain on island.—G. H. Brownell.</p> - -<p><i>Slyne Head, North.</i>—The number of sea-birds is chiefly regulated -by the feeding. There is a greater number for the past -two months (June and July) than has been the case for the past -five years.—Robert Tyrell.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—Puffins, Gulls, Gannets, Curlew, Seapie, -Cormorants, and Sandlarks come and go according to the state -of the sea—if wild, none, and <i>vice versa</i>.—Thomas Fortune.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—<span class="smcap">Spring:</span> The number of birds were few during -the spring. The Lark, Hedge Sparrow, Robin, Wagtail, and -Linnet are remarkable for their total absence this year, though -numerous in the springs of 1883 and 1884. <span class="smcap">Autumn:</span> A great -scarcity of sea-birds of all kinds, especially the Gannet. -Land-birds—<i>i.e.</i>, "Crows," Rooks, Larks, Starlings, -Thrushes—plentiful, especially young Starlings, Thrushes, and Blackbirds. -From 13th November to 17th November they came in rushes -during severe weather.—Charles Boyle.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—Birds remaining September 1st, Choughs, Hooded -Crows, Wheatear, Wrens, Rock Pipit, Peregrine, Kittiwake (old -and young), Royal Gulls, Herring Gulls (old and young). Cormorants, -and Oyster-Catcher.—Edward M'Carron.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—In February, Gannets, Cormorants, Kittiwakes -(mostly young). Herring Gulls, a few Black-Backed do., and -flocks of "the Black-Billed Auk (young Razorbill—R. M. B.) -fishing round rock.—Thomas Kerley.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Hawk"><span class="smcap">Hawks.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 16th, one at 5 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; October 20th, one; -November 9th, two; 10th, one; 13th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 5th, a Light-brown Hawk, and on several -other occasions. 11th December, a small Blue Hawk. 8th -January 1886, saw one capture a Redwing; it was a small -Hawk, and unable to carry it away.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—March 15th, one Falcon Hawk; Nov. 18th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 19th, one Sparrowhawk; 28th, -two Hawks. September 26th and October 9th, one Sparrowhawk -seen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_140">- 140 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—September 11th, two Hawks; October -28th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 27th, one Hawk.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—Hawks noted April 1st, April 13th, and May 23d.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 9th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 18th, two Falcon Hawks all day.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—May 5th, two going S.E.; September 29th, three.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 9th, two Hawks. Have been here -two years.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 24th, a small Brown Hawk; saw -him seize small bird. October 17th and December 21st, one and -two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—Falcon noted June 1st and August 11th. -Sparrowhawk alighted on Rock August 15th. October 23d and -December 28th, one Falcon.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—One or two Brown Hawks at intervals -during June.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 12th, Grey Hawk (white predominating). -April 3d, one large Brown Hawk (I don't think it was the Peregrine). -March 22d, Sparrowhawk several times this month -and occasionally throughout the year. On March 6th a Peregrine -pounced on a Royal Gull while flying, and knocked it into -the sea, from which it could not rise.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—Two Kestrels on rock all September; they appeared -about 15th August. A pair of Peregrines build here. Kestrels -during October and November.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Owl"><span class="smcap">Owl.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—November 11th, one Dark-brown Owl (golden -colour on breast and wings) killing small birds during night. -Rush of Larks, Thrushes, and Starlings.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 13th, one in twilight, appeared white. -November 15th, one seen in daytime.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 13th, an Owl seen.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 10th, an Owl.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Flycatchers"><span class="smcap">"Flycatchers."</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—15th and 16th, Flycatchers; 21st, a large -number; May 9th, some.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_141">- 141 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Missel_Thrush"><span class="smcap">Missel Thrush.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 10th, several during this month.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 13th, one "Jay."</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Thrush"><span class="smcap">Thrush (probably Redwing also).</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—March 15th, two around light at midnight; gloomy, -wind E.; 16th, one. April 12th, two "Mountain Thrushes" -at noon; wind E.N.E., light. October 13th, one at midnight -killed striking; clear, wind light. 20th, a great number of -Thrushes and "Mountain" Thrushes (probably Redwings—R. M. B.) -all night; nine killed striking; hazy, wind light, N.E. -November 7th, 8th, and 9th, great numbers of Thrushes at -night; several killed striking; wind light S., overcast. 11th, -Thrushes all night; five killed; overcast, wind S.E., light. -12th, five all day on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—October 5th, two about light 11 P.M.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—February 13th and 14th, Thrushes constantly -striking from 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; a great number killed; wind -fresh S.W., fog. April 15th, one Thrush struck; rain.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—February 11th, three killed striking -at midnight; foggy; found dead on deck. 14th, from 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -until midnight Thrushes about lantern; clear. October 20th, -flock at 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> about lantern; some struck, fell on deck; cloudy, -wind fresh N.W. November 6th and 8th, Thrushes at midnight -about lantern; many struck, some fell on deck, others overboard; -hazy.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—January 25th, Thrushes about lantern. -February 10th, three killed striking; 15th, two do.; -March 4th, six do. November 16th, several all night; 22d, -23d, and 24th, about lantern; four killed on 24th.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—October 8th, one killed striking; stormy, -clear. Noted also on October 9th, 26th, and 31st. On November -6th, flocks from 6 to 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> going N.W.; wind S.W. 8th, -several flocks; 10th, two killed striking; clear.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—January 19th, Thrushes at night about lantern; -several struck also on February 24th. April 16th and July 1st, -about lantern. October 18th, 21st, 23d, November 6th and 8th -to 10th, large numbers passed; many struck, several killed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_142">- 142 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 8th, Thrushes about lantern. -November 3d, one disabled; rain. 9th, six killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—January 16th, 23d, 24th, and 27th, small -flocks of Blackbirds and Mountain Thrushes around lantern; -about eighteen killed.</p> - -<p><i>Tory Island.</i>—April 14th, three killed striking 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—October 15th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 26th, four killed 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> These -birds often strike. Always on island in autumn.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—October 19th, 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, one killed striking; misty. -November 1st, 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, another; two seen in morning.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—October 13th, one killed striking. No birds -were ever known to strike this light before, as it is dark towards -the land.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 17th, 2 to 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, three killed striking; -19th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—November 6th and 7th, Thrushes about all -day.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—November 11th, six Thrushes killed striking -11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; misty.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—November 19th, forty going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—October 19th, several arrived on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 16th, a few Thrushes on rock; wind N.E., -gale, rainy. 17th, several on rock to-day; wind S.E., fresh. -23d, several Common Thrushes and another species having -the back of a slatish colour, with a yellow hue on the back near -the tail. 31st, Thrushes on rock. Several during November -frequented the rock. December 8th, "Thrushes, Common -Fieldfare, and Redwings since the 7th."</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Redwing"><span class="smcap">"Redwing."</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 11th, Redwing caught on glass. -Small birds flying through rays all night. Redwing plentiful all -winter.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—January 28th, one found near lighthouse. March -15th, two or three observed up to middle of this month.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—December 8th, one struck 11.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; died in night.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Fieldfare"><span class="smcap">Fieldfare.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 8th, observed here.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_143">- 143 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—November 26th, Fieldfares all night; several -killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 17th, one killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—December 15th, about fifty remained for three -weeks.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Blackbird"><span class="smcap">Blackbird.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 16th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 30th, one caught (male); previous night -stormy. November 10th, one caught on glass; misty, wind E., -fresh.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 9th, one (female) struck 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, not -killed; misty.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 18th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—February 13th and 14th, Blackbirds constantly -striking from 1 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; a great number killed; wind -fresh S.W., fog.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—February 11th, two killed striking -at midnight; fog; found dead on deck. 12th, two killed striking; -gloomy. 13th, four about light; 15th, one killed striking; -16th, Blackbirds from 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> until midnight about lantern; -clear. November 6th and 8th, many about lantern at night, -some killed; hazy.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—February 15th, four killed striking. -March 4th, four do. November 15th, two killed striking; 22d -and 23d, some about lantern all night.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—November 7th, one killed striking; clear.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—October 18th, 21st, November 8th, 9th, and 10th, -numbers passed on these nights; many killed.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 8th, two killed striking. -April 18th, about forty near station. November 7th, three -killed striking 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; clear. December 31st, one hundred -Blackbirds about island.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—September 11th, November 3d, and December -9th, one to three noted.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—October 31st, two seen; wind strong N.W. November -3d and 29th, another.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 19th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—November 13th, numbers of Blackbirds going -N.W.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_144">- 144 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 15th, one, and up to April 1st. October -19th, several arrived on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 17th, two Blackbirds on rock. October 16th, -several arrived; a gale from N.E. 17th, several; 31st, Blackbirds -seen. Several during November.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Ring_Ouzel"><span class="smcap">Ring Ouzel.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 8th, "A Blackbird with a white -breast," and also on the 9th and 10th—probably the same bird -on each occasion. Not seen afterwards. "I was quite close to -to this bird; it was very black, except the white breast, which -was very distinct. It did not extend round back of neck."</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—April 9th, one on rock; wind S.E., strong.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Hedge_Sparrow"><span class="smcap">Hedge Sparrow.</span></p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 25th, five "Dunnocks" on the rock. -August 31st and September 3d and 12th, one or two -"Dunnocks" seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 1st, a few remained all the spring. I am -not sure if they remained during the summer.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Robin"><span class="smcap">Robin.</span></p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—November 29th, one Robin flew on -deck; wind fresh, S.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—March 3d, Robins remaining.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—December 3d, three Redbreasts all day.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—October 4th and 14th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—Noted in May, September, October, November, -and December.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—November 9th, one Robin. The first seen since my -arrival in April 1883; wind S., strong.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Black_Redstart"><span class="smcap">Black Redstart.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 9th, one; 13th, one shot; 18th, one -shot. [Received in flesh.—R. M. B.] December 23d, one.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 7th, one Redstart. Remained three -days. Rare.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—Nov. 21st, one shot. [Received in flesh.—R. M. B.]</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—February 1st, two remained about a fortnight. -November 17th, one Redstart on rock; 24th, another, 28th, -five remained a fortnight.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_145">- 145 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 17th, four Black Redstarts on rock; 19th, -twenty—wind N.E., fresh, misty—"observed one with a white -breast and belly;" 31st, a few seen; November 18th, Black -Redstart shot; specimen sent. [Received.—R. M. B.]</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Blackcap"><span class="smcap">"Blackcap" (probably Stonechat).</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—January 10th, 1886, I have seen this little bird -frequently all the winter.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 25th, one "Whinchat."</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—May 11th, two "Blackcaps" seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Stonechat"><span class="smcap">"Stonechat" (Wheatear).</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—March 15th, several about light at midnight—gloomy, -wind E.—three killed. April 10th, several about rock -all day; wind N. May 12th, a flock at 8 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> going N.E.; wind -W. October 20th, several about light, two killed striking; -hazy, wind light. November 13th, eleven seen, all died on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—March 19th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 13th, one Wheatear killed striking; -light haze. April 21st, two killed striking. March 16th, -one "Stonechat." April 8th, one Wheatear killed, 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, clear.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—May 12th, one rested on ship, and -died shortly afterwards.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—'March 16th, "Blackcap and Wheatear" -alighted on rock—first this spring; wind light, N.W. April 11th, -12th, 13th, 14th, and 16th, one to two Wheatears noticed. -August 8th, 28th, and 30th, one to three Wheatears.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—About middle of April, a considerable number -of "Wheatears and Stonechatters" alighted on rock for some -time, and then flew N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 8th, three "Stonechats." April 13th, -seven Wheatears struck at midnight—three killed. April 14th, -three at midnight, caught one. April 30th, "Stonechats" breed -here. May 1st, three Wheatears.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—April 13th, nine "Stonechats" on island.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—April 2d, Four "Stonechats;" 12th, eight. May -30th, nine. September 8th, four at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>—wind strong, -W.—one killed striking.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_146">- 146 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 12th, "Stonechatters" all day. -September 14th, caught one under a stone.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—May 4th, five or six Stonechats.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 6th, two on island.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 14th, first observed. About a dozen on -island all the summer. I saw a nest with five young ones three -feet in, under a rock.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 11th, two Wheatears, first appearance; wind -S.E., strong; 14th, several; wind S.E.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Grasshopper_Warbler"><span class="smcap">"Grasshopper Warbler" (probably Sedge Warbler).</span></p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—May 13th, twenty "Grasshopper -Warblers," 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>—wind light, N.W.—one killed striking, clear.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Whitethroat"><span class="smcap">Whitethroat.</span></p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 12th, Whitethroats constantly striking, midnight -to 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; misty. Thirty-five killed. August 31st, one seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Chiff_Chaff"><span class="smcap">Chiff-Chaff (probably Willow Wren also).</span></p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 17th, one died on deck, tired -out; 19th, one; 20th, one killed, fog; 30th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 12th, one killed striking. The first this -year; 13th, 14th, 15th, and 17th, Chiff-Chaffs noted; 22d, constantly -striking all night, scores killed; wind strong, squally, -cloudy. May 12th, constantly striking, midnight to 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, -twenty-three killed; misty, wind light, N.E. August 30th and -September 3d, one or two seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Golden_Crested_Wren"><span class="smcap">Golden-Crested Wren.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 4th, one struck 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, not killed; -gloomy.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—May 7th, two "Fire-Crests" on ship.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 13th, the first Goldcrest this season.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 7th, Golden-Crested Wren seen.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 12th, one "Robin (Golden-Crested)" -struck lantern 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, not killed.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 13th, thirteen at midnight. Five -killed striking; 14th, five struck, caught two at midnight. The -Goldcrest did not put in an appearance in the winter season -this<span class="pagenum" id="Page_147">- 147 -</span> year.</p> - -<p>Killybegs—November 11th, 5 am., one caught at glass; -gloomy; wind fresh, S.E.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—November 7th, 7 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, two Golden-Crested -Wrens, one killed striking; fog and rain.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Wren"><span class="smcap">Wren.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 20th, two about light; hazy. November -13th, one seen, died on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 12th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—April 2d, one Wren seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 13th, one Common Wren struck.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—April 13th, a Wren flying about ship.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 13th, Wrens. September 21st, ditto. October -21st, ditto.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—March 16th and 19th, Common Wrens about -lantern, two killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 27th, two Wrens; still on island -26th December 1885.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—Wrens are resident. December—The Wren is -more plentiful the last four months.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Tit"><span class="smcap">"Tits."</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 9th, one Blue Tit shot. Several -seen about.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—March 16th, "Tits and other small birds" -passing in threes and fours.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—December 5th, two "Blackcaps" seen. "The -Blackcaps are either <i>Parus major</i> or <i>Parus palustris</i>; I am -aware they are not the Blackcap Warbler."—Joseph Hill.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Wagtail"><span class="smcap">Wagtail.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Mead.</i>—December 8th, one shot.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 27th, five very dark Wagtails.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 15th, two Pied Wagtails going N.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—March 16th, one Grey Wagtail alighted. September -28th, one.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—April 28th, some Wagtails passed -N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 1st, Wagtail noted. October 5th, some.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 14th, two Wagtails.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_148">- 148 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—September 17th, Pied Wagtail.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—June 29th, six Wagtails all day. September 3d, -three. January 2d, one.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—December 5th, a Pied Wagtail.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 6th, one seen; 21st, one.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—July 1st, one. October 14th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—July 24th, one Grey Wagtail.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 15th, one stayed five days; wind S.E., -strong. August 19th, two Grey Wagtails. September 4th, four -on rock; remained until 10th. A gale from S.W.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Titlarks"><span class="smcap">Titlarks.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—November 7th and 8th, numbers about light; overcast.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—March 7th, Titlarks passing W., first this -spring. April 17th, a number about rock, September 28th, -Rock Pipits.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—February 16th, five killed striking; -23d, passing N.W. all day. March 15th, a flock going N.W. -April 17th, Titlarks going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—April 9th, several flocks going N.W.; 24th, -a flock. May 1st, three about deck all day.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—March 3d, seen all day; breed on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 14th, six Titlarks struck; -four killed.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 6th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—March 23d, eight Field-Larks (small) remain -here. September 7th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—Titlarks are resident.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Larks"><span class="smcap">Larks.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 12th, two at midnight, one killed; clear, -wind light, N.E. 20th, great number all night, seven killed -striking; hazy, wind light, N.E. November 7th and 8th, great -numbers all night, eleven killed striking; overcast, wind light, -S. 9th, numbers at night; overcast. 11th, Larks too numerous -to count all night, twelve killed striking; overcast, wind -S.E.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 12th, several Larks during night -about ship. 14th and 17th, one. March 13th and 14th, four<span class="pagenum" id="Page_149">- 149 -</span> -to twelve going N.W.; wind E. and N.E. 23d, one. September -18th, four going W. September 26th, a "Ground Lark." -October 6th, "Ground Lark" got dead on deck; wind fresh, -N.W. [Leg and wing of Titlark received.—R. M. B.] 7th, -twelve going N.W.; wind N., fresh.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—December 18th, odd Larks passed -N. January 19th and 20th, eighty-six Larks passed.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—February 15th, ten killed striking; overcast, -gloomy. March 5th, Larks going W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—October 15th and 18th, flocks going -N.W. November 8th, Skylarks about lantern at night; hazy.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—January 25th, some Larks about -lantern—midnight. February 4th, a flock going N.W. February -10th, four killed striking. 15th, two killed striking. -16th, three killed striking. 23d, flocks going N.W. all day; -wind strong, S.W. March 5th, Larks passed. April 17th, -three Skylarks killed striking. November 1st, 2d, and 29th, -Larks noted.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—April 4th, flock going N.W. 14th, several -Skylarks about lantern, one killed striking. 15th, passing S.W. -during day, two killed striking at night; clear. Oct. 22d, two -about ship. 30th, a flock going N.W. Nov. 9th, two about ship.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—February 24th and April 14th, Larks about light, -several struck. October 5th, Larks. 21st, all day and night. -November 6th, all night, numbers killed.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 14th, about twenty struck, -six killed, 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; wind S., overcast. May 19th, about twelve -around light, 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; misty.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 14th, twelve Common Larks seen.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 13th, four Skylarks, two killed striking -at midnight.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—March 16th and 19th, Larks about lantern, -fourteen killed.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—Always on island in autumn.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—Skylarks and Titlarks are here all the year. -November 11th, 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one killed striking, and another caught -at glass; wind fresh, S.E., gloomy.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—November 6th and 7th, Larks all day, one -killed striking; fog and rain.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 31st, a few Larks seen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_150">- 150 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Snow_Bunting"><span class="smcap">Snow Bunting.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—December 1st, one seen; rare here.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—February 17th, one caught on deck.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—December 22d, Snow Buntings.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 10th, one seen. September 6th, five -going S. November 4th, two; very few seen this season.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—February 20th, three shot.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 3d and March 12th, Snow Buntings -noted. September 19th, one; 21st, eighteen; also noticed October -30th.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 1st, one on Island, and a few -October 6th.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—September 8th, one about rock; wind S., -fresh. October 5th, eight. December 8th, forty all day. -January 20th, 1886, twenty on rock. "For the last nine days -the spray has been flying over rock, and the Snow Buntings -never left, and how they manage to exist I cannot imagine."</p> - -<p><i>Blacksod.</i>—February 20th, Snow-Birds.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—October 8th, five Snow Buntings.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—October 14th, several arrived; remained three -weeks.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—September 11th, one on rock; gale from S. October -1st, one (being first since 11th ult.), which remained here ever -since. 6th, six seen. 31st, a few.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Yellowhammer"><span class="smcap">Yellowhammer.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 1st, plentiful, and up to date January -15th, 1886.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—May 27th, one rested on ship; wind -strong S., fog.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—March 3d, Yellowhammers remaining July 5th, do.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—May 18th, two seen. October 16th, one.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Chaffinch"><span class="smcap">Chaffinch.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 12th, one caught near lighthouse in -morning exhausted. Small birds flying in lantern rays all -night, and striking.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Bock.</i>—March 21st, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—April 12th, one Finch on deck.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_151">- 151 -</span> -October 11th, two on deck all day. A flock went N.W. 16th, -two all day on ship. November 2d, 9th, 12th, and 19th, one or -two Chaffinches seen about the deck.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—February 6th, six passed W. -November 12th, eight alighted on deck. 13th, a flock passed E.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—May 7th, two about deck all day. November -7th, two all day about the ship.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—October 18th, Chaffinches noticed. November 6th, -do.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 20th, Chaffinches left about this date. -December 19th, a large flock of hen Chaffinches arrived on rock.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Mountain_Finch"><span class="smcap">"Mountain Finch."</span></p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—November 8th, one struck 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; not injured. -9th, four, but not seen after this date.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Sparrow"><span class="smcap">Sparrow.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—January 10th, 1886, Common Sparrow always -plentiful here.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—September 19th, flock passed.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—March 18th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 16th, fifty to sixty remained on -island a short time; very lively, went W. 23d and 29th, thirty -chirruping and very lively; also on October 7th and 17th pecking -about rubbish. On last date they flew S.E. inland.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—April 15th, three House Sparrows.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—June 30th, Sparrows about.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Greenfinch"><span class="smcap">Greenfinch.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—March 2d, several all day about rock, seven died; -overcast, gloomy, wind fresh, S.E. September 28th, two, wind -N.E. October 16th, three; wind E. light, going N.W. November -12th, seventeen all day on rock; wind light S.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 16th, one. April 18th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—May 9th, two about masts all day.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—November 6th, Green Linnets.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 20th, Greenfinches all left about this date.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Redpole"><span class="smcap">Redpole.</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—July 5th, Redpoles.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_152">- 152 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Linnets"><span class="smcap">Linnets.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—May 4th, eight about rock; wind E.N.E. October -20th, a great number all night about light; hazy, wind N.E., -light. November 7th, 8th, and 9th, a great number about light -during nights; wind light S., overcast. 13th, several Linnets -seen.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 8th, 26th, and April 13th, one -to three. Noted also 16th, 17th, and 21st September.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Bock Light-ship.</i>—One to three noted March 12th, -17th, 28th, 31st, April 13th, May 5th. September 18th, 21st, -28th, 29th, small flocks going S.E. to N.E. October 25th and -30th, large flocks going N. January 6th, 1886, small flock going N.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—February 24th to 27th, one or two -about ship. March 24th, flock of "Grey Linnets" going N.W.; -wind light S.W. April 19th, flock going N.W. October 11th, -flock going N.W.; wind N.E. 25th, flocks going N.W.; wind W.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—October 18th, some passed. November 8th, 9th, -and 10th do.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—March 11th, one "Moss Linnet" seen on -balcony at night.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 13th, three about light, one killed -striking at midnight. 14th, three killed midnight.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—March 3d, 6th, 10th, and 20th, flocks all day.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—November 11th, eight Linnets.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 24th, Linnets in flocks feeding.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—March 9th, five Grey Linnets; also April 26th -and June 8th. September 15th to 25th, forty to fifty noticed -flying about. October 8th and 28th, do.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 6th, four seen; also on 16th, -27th, and October 6th.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—December 27th, some Grey Linnets about -rock.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—March 21st, thirty remain on island. July -28th, forty going S. October 10th, thirty going W.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Twite"><span class="smcap">Twite.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—September 20th, plentiful from this date to -15th January 1886. On October 29th, flying through rays of -lantern at night; wind and rain.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 20th, Twite left about this date.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_153">- 153 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Starling"><span class="smcap">Starling.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 20th, several about light all night, eight -killed or wounded; hazy, wind light N.E. November 7th, 8th, -9th, and 11th, numbers about light at night; wind S., light, -overcast—twenty-three Stares killed striking; 13th, five killed -striking.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 29th, about hundred in field, two -caught at lantern 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, several struck glass; wind S., strong, -rain. November 5th, striking from 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> until midnight. A -few captured; foggy. Flocks flying about to date January 15th, -1886. November 11th, Stares striking.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—October 20th, large flock going N. November -8th, one killed striking, 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; overcast, misty. November -19th, a great flock feeding near. Very plenty this season. -November 30th, large flocks, going N.W. December 4th, two -killed striking 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; cloudy.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 24th to 26th, one about ship.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Bock Light-ship.</i>—October 25th and November 2d, -large flocks noted going N. and N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—February 14th, two struck; fog. 15th, constantly -striking 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> to 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; wind fresh, N.E., overcast, -gloomy. A great number killed. March 15th, constantly striking, -9 to 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; wind light S.E., cloudy. 20th, one struck, -overcast. April 16th, ditto.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—March 5th, several about lantern -at midnight. March 15th, "Stairs" about lantern 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> until -midnight, two killed striking; overcast, wind light W. April -12th and 16th, a few about lantern at night. October 21st, two -about lantern. Flocks passed 29th, 30th, and November 1st to -N.W. in daytime; and on nights of 3d, 6th, and 8th November, -numbers struck the lantern. Many killed; some fell on deck, -others overboard. Weather hazy and rainy; wind moderate, W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—March 4th, four caught on deck. -May 26th, a flock passed N.W. October 16th, large flocks going -S.; wind E.S.E., strong. Some noted on 22d, 23d, four killed -striking. 30th and November 1st, flocks passed going S.W. and -N.W. On November 2d, great quantities all day and night; -wind S.W., misty, rain. A few on 4th and 5th, in day time; -and on 10th, 19th, 20th, about lantern at night.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_154">- 154 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—October 28th, several flocks going N.W.; -wind N.W. 31st, one caught on deck 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, others flying -about light. November 2d and 5th, several flocks in the mornings -passed N.W.; wind N.W. December 17th, a flock about -light.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—January 19th, about light. June 26th and July -1st, some passed. October 11th, large flocks passing west; wind -N.E. October 21st, 23d, November 6th to 10th, 19th, and 26th, -numbers passed, many struck, and were killed.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 14th, ten struck lantern, four -killed; 24th, three struck. April 14th, thirty struck 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, six -killed; clear, wind light. October 9th, fourteen struck, six -killed, 9 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; very dark, wind N.W., fresh. November 4th, four -struck, two killed; rain.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—July 16th, about eighty going N.E. August -1st, a flock going S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—December 1st, hundreds all day. Numerous -this season. 16th, hundreds.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—March 16th and 19th, Starlings about lantern, -three killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 26th, twelve, one killed. They -often strike.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—November 4th, three struck 8 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; caught alive. -A continuous flight passed from 7.30 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> to 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, appeared to -come from E. or S.E., and go W. or N.W. Four killed striking; -gloomy, misty, wind strong N.W. 14th, about thirty, at 10 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—November 19th, small flock came from land, -and flew back. I only saw the one flock in the autumn; whilst -in the autumn of 1884 they came in thousands.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—November 2d, six about lantern during -night, fog; 6th and 7th, Starling all day about rock.</p> - -<p><i>Blacksod.</i>—January 16th and 22d, Starlings in flocks.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—October 10th, a flock on island. November -7th, two killed striking; 11th, four killed striking; overcast. -December 7th, large flock going S.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 5th, one caught at lantern glass; 17th, one. -April 17th, one. November 28th, several flocks on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 17th, two on rock; gale from N.W., with -misty rain. October 17th, a flock on rock; wind S.E., fresh. -31st, Starlings on rock. A few during November.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_155">- 155 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Cough"><span class="smcap">Chough.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 29th, Choughs and Daws observed -almost daily to January.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—May 7th, five remain.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—August 11th, two Choughs, rarely seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—April 1st, Choughs all gone, except those which -remained to breed.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—May 1st, a pair building on rock.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Ravens"><span class="smcap">Ravens.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 29th, two daily to date January 15th, -1886.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—June 13th, Ravens seen.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 12th, Ravens breed here. May 9th, -two.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—September 26th, two Ravens. January 4th, -1886, two; they remain here.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—August 4th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—September 17th, three "small-sized -Ravens."</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—October 13th, three.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—A pair frequently visit, but do not breed here.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Hooded_Crow"><span class="smcap">Hooded Crow.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 20th, two seen; rare here.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—September 12th, Grey Crows, always. -They build here in clefts of rocks.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—June 22d, twenty-two "Grey-Backed Crows."</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—May 10th, two seen on island. June -10th, four. October 26th, four.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—March 29th, two Grey-Backed Crows.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—The Grey Crows and Choughs leave the island -with their young for about three weeks or a month, and a few -return afterwards.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—A few noted in April, May, June, and December -(Hooded and "Black-Hooded" Crows).</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—A pair breed here.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_156">- 156 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Rook"><span class="smcap">Rook.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—March 21st, two "Crows," 1 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>: wind N.E. -N.W. May 6th, two at noon about rock.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—Rooks constantly about.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 15th, two "Crows" going N.E.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—December 21st, one "Crow" going -N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—March 16th, one "Crow" going W. April -19th, five going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—April 15th, one "Crow" going S.E.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—March 27th and April 6th, two to -four passed N. May 6th, three. November 7th, one alighted -on deck.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 21st, "Crows." September 21st, "Crows."</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 10th, two.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—March 11th, three "Crows" going E.; 28th, -twelve ditto. August 1st, three.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—September 4th, "Black Crows" came from -shore and flew back.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—May 29th, one hundred.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 10th, five seen; 23d, two. November -18th, fifty to sixty came from shore, and returned. December -23d, two. "I think these must be Crows from their harsh -croak, very different from the caw of the rook."</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—July 14th, four on island.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Jackdaw"><span class="smcap">Jackdaw.</span></p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—October 18th, flock going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—November 19th, one; remained all day.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—April 13th, nine flying S.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—A few noted in June, September, October, November, -and December.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Magpie"><span class="smcap">Magpie.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 30th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 12th, one Magpie. May 12th, -one.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—September 18th, one seen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_157">- 157 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Swallow"><span class="smcap">Swallow.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—April 16th, one all day; wind N.E. May 28th, four, -for some days; two died on rock; wind S.E. June 1st, two; -foggy. November 12th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—Swallows from 21st September to 20th October.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 23d, straggling Swallows going N.W.; -wind S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 13th, one, and a few on 17th, -20th, 21st, 22d, 27th, May 7th and 10th. On May 27th, -seven about ship. September, one to four seen. October 1st -and 5th, flocks going S.; wind N.W., strong.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—April 17th, Swallows (first seen) -going N.; 22d, do. Also noted May 9th, 10th, 11th, 19th, 21st, -22d, and 25th, in every case going AV.; wind variable. October -12th, two going S.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 15th, one seen; 17th, in great numbers, -10 to 12 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, going N.W.; wind light S.E. They continued -passing almost daily until June 1st, and generally in the forenoon. -Direction of flight nearly always N.W. On May 27th -a great number of Swallows and Martins arrived about 6 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; -seemed tired, one died on rock; stormy, with fog. September -4th, 23d, and 28th, Swallows in small numbers going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—April 13th, one seen, and almost daily -afterwards until date of sending schedule on May 12th. Largest -flights, 20th and 21st April. In every case direction of flight -was N.W., and apparently independent of wind. One found -dead on deck, April 20th, and another on May 11th. September -20th, several flying S. October 25th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—April 12th, two about ship, and -passing at intervals until May 16th, especially on 20th and 24th -April. Direction of flight in every case N.W. September 29th, -five going N.W.; wind W.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—April 19th, seven going N. June 26th, two -going S.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 15th and 16th, Swallows noted. May 24th, -a large number arrived; wind light S., gloomy. October 6th, -great quantities collected, and all left at noon.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 3d, three; 12th, fifty.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 26th, four. May 13th and 14th,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_158">- 158 -</span> -Swallows from this date to end of May continually on rock; -then flying S.E. towards Mull of Galloway.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 18th, one about all day; 23d, two.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—April 10th, Swallows arrived.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—July 3d and 4th, first seen about this station.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—April 10th and 14th, Swallows, six to ten flying -about.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—May 20th to 25th, Swallows going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—May 20th, two Swallows; 24th, one disabled. -June 15th, two disabled; fog.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—May 12th, one; 17th, two; 22d, one found dead -at N.E. of Island.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—April 17th, first seen to-day. May 13th, four; -stayed three days. October 17th, a Swallow; "tail slightly, if -at all, forked."</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Martin"><span class="smcap">Martin.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—May 23d, four.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 27th, two Martins.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Swift"><span class="smcap">Swift.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—June 29th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—June 6th, three at station.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Cuckoo"><span class="smcap">Cuckoo.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—May 9th, one; first seen this season.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 22d, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 20th, one. May 2d, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—May 2d, Cuckoo first heard.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—April 20th, one Cuckoo.</p> - -<p><i>Blacksod.</i>—May 15th, Cuckoo heard.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—May 8th, a Cuckoo heard, being ten days -earlier than the inhabitants remember hearing it.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Pigeons"><span class="smcap">Pigeons.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 26th to November 16th, one to six -Rock Pigeons at intervals. December 9th and 11th, twelve to -forty. January 6th, 1886, eight.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—January 20th, one caught.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_159">- 159 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—February 2d, Pigeon seen. May 7th and 9th, some -remaining. July 5th, a Carrier Pigeon, branded on the wings; -is alive. September 20th, two white ones caught. October 7th, -one caught.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—June 12th, flocks of Pigeons about the cliffs.</p> - -<p><i>Lough Swilly.</i>—November 18th, large flock going W.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 9th, two rested on eave of dwelling-house; -one remained, and became quite tame.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—April 29th, a large flock of Pigeons.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—June 26th, ten "Sea Pigeons" about rock. -November 8th, eight Rock Pigeons on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—November 23d, seven Pigeons; first seen -since I came to this station.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—May 23d, four Pigeons on island. July 29th, -four. September 7th, do.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—February 20th, last of the Rock Pigeons left about -this date.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 6th, one about rock.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Partridge"><span class="smcap">Partridge.</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—November 12th, a Partridge.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Corncrake"><span class="smcap">Corncrake.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 1st, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 17th, two on rock after the night. May -13th, two on rock, killed [Received.—R. M. B.].</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—November 19th, a Corncrake.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 14th, a Corncrake, going S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—12th, one "Spotted Crake." June 30th, -another seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Water_Rail"><span class="smcap">Water Rail.</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—November 21st, a Water Rail.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Waterhen"><span class="smcap">Waterhen.</span></p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—November 6th, one on island; must have -come from the big island of Arran.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_160">- 160 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Golden_Plover"><span class="smcap">Golden Plover.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—November 9th, two Plover; wind S,, fresh.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 11th, December 11th, and January 7th, -a few.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—December 7th, flocks remain here.</p> - -<p><i>Tory Island.</i>—"Grey Plover" noted March 22d and April 7th.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—October 22d, twenty-eight Golden Plover.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—November 27th, four to twelve came from -shore. Never seen here except in frosty weather.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—March 12th, forty seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Green_Plover"><span class="smcap">Green Plover.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—March 15th, two on rock, and one drowned; wind -E.N.E., fresh.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 16th, December 8th and 9th, seen. -Always in frosty weather.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—Flocks on October 23d, November 12th, 24th, -and 30th.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—February 11th, Lapwing in flocks, going W. -Some noted November 9th, 18th, and 26th.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—December 15th, seven flying N.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—October 16th, 28th, and December 29th, one or -two Lapwing noted.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—September 14th, Green Plover; seldom -seen here.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—April 17th, one Green Plover alighted.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—March 14th, forty Lapwing going N.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Seapie"><span class="smcap">Seapie.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—May 12th, large flock going N.W. June 2d, -large flock on rocks.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 6th, two in vicinity. December -22d, fifty about island.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—May 3d, three on rock. 13th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—Oyster Catchers are to be seen at all times.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—April 13th, six on island.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—August 24th, large flock of Seapies. September -12th, a flock.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_161">- 161 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, S.</i>—September 6th, two on rocks.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—April 14th, a flock of Seapie. July 16th, -Seapies. August 10th, sixty. December 26th, thirty.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 7th, a pair observed; about island all -summer.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 8th, one perched on rock. June 15th, a pair -breed here. They laid three clutches, three eggs each, their -first being taken.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Woodcock"><span class="smcap">Woodcock.</span></p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—December 15th, two killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 14th, one found dead after striking at -midnight.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—November 8th, 15th, and December 21st, Woodcock -noted. They are more numerous this year than for the -past four years.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—Noted December 1st and 9th. Seldom -seen, as they have no cover on island.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—October 30th, 3 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one killed striking; gale from -S.E. November 18th, 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, another; wind strong, S.E.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—November 9th, one killed striking, 11 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span></p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—December 8th, one on rock. 10th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—November 20th, one killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 10th, one on rock.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Snipe"><span class="smcap">Snipe.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—November 8th, two Jacksnipe killed striking; overcast, -wind S., light.</p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—November 18th, four seen, and observed frequently.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 14th, six about island. -November 5th, six remain. December 31st, eight.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—November 10th, three Jacksnipe. December -20th, twenty Common Snipe.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—October 25th, November 14th, and December -1st, Snipe noted. They are more numerous this year than for -past four years.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—September 18th, 30th, October 24th, and -December 11th, Snipe noted, with the remark that they resort -the island all the winter.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_162">- 162 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Killybegs,</i>—October 20th, 2 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, one killed striking; misty.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—April 16th, "a flock of Snipe" going N.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 19th, one seen, November 9th, -one killed striking.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—November 9th, two killed striking at -midnight; misty.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 8th, one "large Snipe," and on other occasions -during month.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Sea_Larks"><span class="smcap">"Sea Larks," etc.</span></p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—March 18th, "Sand Larks" flying about.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Copeland (Mew) Island.</span>—April 14th, fifteen "Sand Larks" -struck, 4 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, seven killed, night very dark. October 10th, -twenty "Sand Larks" struck, ten killed, very dark; wind N., -strong. November 3d, three struck, one killed.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—Towards middle of April "Sand Larks" -visited us daily, and then flew to a rock near. May 13th, seven.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—"Sandpipers" at all times.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—April 13th, "Sand Larks" on island.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—June 8th, three "Sand Larks." They must have -nest about station.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 24th, they are always about island.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—April 21st, twelve "Sea Larks" seen. September -2d, several. They breed near.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 18th, five "Sand Larks." -November 8th, seven.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—April 24th, eighteen "Sand Larks."</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—May 26th, thirty on island.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Redshank"><span class="smcap">Redshank.</span></p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—April 20th, twelve Redshank, July 21st, -two. December 26th, twenty on island.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Greenshank"><span class="smcap">Greenshank.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 17th and 23d, flock going N.E.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Curlew"><span class="smcap">Curlew.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—September 24th, one for several days on rock.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_163">- 163 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—July 29th, twelve Curlew going E. October -11th, four do.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—March 3d and 17th, large flocks going S.E.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 16th, flock passed over ship to -N. May 2d, three; 3d, several going N.E. September 10th and -11th, a few going N.E.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—April 18th, Curlew going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—July 24th, one Curlew on deck. -August 6th, a flock.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—March 4th and 5th, two to four -about lantern at night.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 14th, 15th, and 16th, Curlew.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—October 11th, fifty about.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April 14th, Curlews in night over lighthouse. -These birds are extremely cautious, rarely striking lantern. -June 21st, a large flock going S.E.; wind N.W. Some -noted July 18th, 28th, and August 8th.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—April 14th, a flock of Curlew at midnight.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—April 13th, fourteen Curlew on island.</p> - -<p><i>Lough Swilly.</i>—September 15th, four; 28th, large flock going -N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—September 12th, three.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—November 21st, about twenty on rocks. -They are always on island.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—November 19th, about twenty seen.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—September 22d, several flocks alighted, twelve -to twenty in each.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 4th, four seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—June 20th, flock of Curlew.</p> - -<p><i>Blacksod.</i>—January 16th, large flocks. May 2d, flocks.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—April 10th, ten Curlew going S. May -20th, forty; 30th, twenty. June 12th, thirty. August 10th, -twenty. December 20th, forty.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 20th, one, and for a few days after.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Whimbrel"><span class="smcap">Whimbrel.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 25th and 26th, large flocks flying high to -N.W.; wind S.W. May 16th, small flocks going N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—May 12th, flock of Whimbrel passed N.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—April 21st, May birds. June 26th, do.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_164">- 164 -</span></p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—May 8th, "May fowl" going N.W.; 13th, -large flock flying W.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—May 16th, large flocks of "May birds" going -N.W.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—May 17th, thirty "young Curlew" going N.E.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Terns"><span class="smcap">Terns.</span></p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—May 24th, Common Terns alighted on rock; -27th, passing S.W, in small numbers since 24th.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—May 26th, thirty "Pirrs or Sea -Mews." Remain here until middle of September. September -17th, the "Sea Mews" left to-day.</p> - -<p><i>Slyne Head, North.</i>—May 8th, Terns arrived to build.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—May 19th and 20th, twenty to forty. -September 10th, a flock.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Gulls"><span class="smcap">Gulls.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—September 21st, Herring Gulls, young and old, -and Kittiwake in vicinity to date 15th January 1886.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—June 5th, one Skua Gull chasing birds in bay. -November 4th, immense flocks in bay. December 3d, great -numbers of Black-Headed Gulls in fields.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—May, Gulls of various kinds passed. -March 14th, first Skua Gull this year.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—June 10th, many flocks of Grey Gulls.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 4th and 6th, a few Black-Backed -Gulls and flocks of Kittiwakes and Herring Gulls noted. June -12th, thousands of Herring Gulls. November 7th, thousands of -Herring Gulls.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 6th, one Skua Gull remained two days.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 9th, Royal Gulls breed on island.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—May 26th, a number of Gulls flying about.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 27th, several Grey Gulls all day.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—March 31st, "small Gulls visited rock to -look at place to build." January 3d, 1886, some small Gulls -after fry near rock.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—July 14th, large flocks all day.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—Numbers of Grey-Backed Gulls remain -throughout the winter. September 19th and 21st, flock of -young gulls going S.W.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_165">- 165 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—The Kittiwake remains long after the Puffin, -Razorbill, and Guillemot are gone, but leaves before the Stormy -Petrel. Only a few Herring Gulls breed on the island. They -prey on the eggs of other birds, and carry them off in their bill -without breaking them—Guillemots' eggs, some of which weigh -eight ounces. They also carry off the young birds and devour -them on a rock close by. On May 17th I saw one seize an old -Razorbill, which was on a ledge with others, and carry it about -100 yards, when it fell into the sea. The "Mottled Gull," -which I suppose is the young Herring Gull, was not seen since -the 1st of May. They were seen again on August 5th, and will -remain during winter.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—September 29th, Skua Gulls seen. October 5th, -twenty Skua Gulls.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 15th, adult Kittiwakes first appeared; 16th, -first alighted on the rock, and took possession of old nests and -building places. 23d, flock on water; came on rock again -to-day. June 1st, one lesser Black-Backed Gull. "The only -one seen for past two years." (? R. M. B.) 6th, Kittiwakes -commenced laying. Great Black-Backed Gulls breed on Lesser -Skelligs.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Manx_Shearwater"><span class="smcap">Manx Shearwater.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 27th, a few fishing.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—March 23d, fishing in bay.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 14th, four about ship; first -this year. April 16th and May 6th, several seen.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—March 21st, first seen this year; -going W.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—April 26th, "Mackerel-cocks" -about ship.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 17th, Shearwater seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—September 22d and October 3d, thousands -of "Manx Shearwater" going in one continuous stream to N.W. -and N.; wind H.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—July 12th, eight "Mackerel-cock."</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 7th, Shearwater first heard. May 11th, -three on water, and were heard occasionally on dark nights up -to September 1st. The Manx Shearwater breeds on Innishvicillane, -an <span class="pagenum" id="Page_166">- 166 -</span>island three miles distant.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 2d, one struck 9.30 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>, fell, but not killed; -first appearance this year. May 1st, great numbers came on -rock about 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span>; weather thick. 8th, first egg seen to-day. -August 27th, one young one caught after striking at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> -Shearwater often strike, but I never saw one killed; the same -remark applies to Stormy Petrel. They generally strike during -drizzling rain, seldom in a fog. 29th, heard at night for last -time this year.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Stormy_Petrel"><span class="smcap">Stormy Petrel.</span></p> - -<p><i>Fastnet.</i>—October 20th, three about light; hazy, wind light, -N.E.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April 26th, one about ship, and at -intervals to May 1st. May 9th, one; also on May 20th and -24th. September 15th, ten about ship; wind strong, W.S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—May 27th, one hovering about; -wind S., stormy. September 12th, three going S.W.; wind -strong. November 16th, one at noon about ship; wind strong, -S.E.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—July 16th, one found alive on balcony.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 5th, one flew against glass. April 4th, -one against glass. Observed as early as March 1st, but not -plentiful until July, "If I said there were six or seven thousand -here, it would be giving an idea of how plentiful they are." -The eggs are laid about 15th June, and the first I observed -hatched was on 10th August. They vomit a half-digested -white matter as well as the oil; perhaps it is this they feed the -young with.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—May 8th, one caught at night. October 2d, one -captured in yard. September 20th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—April 21st, first appearance on rock in holes. May -13th, numbers about lantern at 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> June 15th, first egg -seen to-day. A fortnight later than last year.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Razorbill"><span class="smcap">Razorbill.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—October 4th, young Razorbill diving, and on -December 12th, 23d, and 27th, flocks flying towards S.W.; on -latter date fishing in great numbers. January 15th, 1886, the -young Razorbill is as plentiful here now as I ever saw them at -the Tearaght.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_167">- 167 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—May 13th, great number all day.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—Feb. 10th, Razorbills seen 5 wind strong, S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—May 2d, flock around rock. 11th, alighted -on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 12th, first came on cliffs, young birds -leaving about July 13th, old and young all gone August 20th. -They were about as plentiful as on other years. They were -observed taking the young on their backs in the same way as -last year by Mrs M'Carron. The young birds leave in the -evenings and at night. When they get to the water, the object -of the old bird seems to be to get the young ones out to sea.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 13th, a few perched on rock for first time -this year. March 16th, two "Blackbilled Auks" fishing around -rock. First seen since 2d inst., when I thought they had all -left. (These are young Razorbills.—R. M. B.) 23d, great -numbers alighted on rock at 6 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>; wind S., strong. May 9th, -first Razorbill's egg seen. July 20th, some leaving rock, young -being fully grown. August 10th, all gone but a few.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Guillemot"><span class="smcap">Guillemot.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 27th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—March 31st, large flock of "Murs" -going E. December 31st, flocks of "Murs." January 9th, -1886, small flocks of "Murs" going E.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 28th, Guillemots and Razorbills.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 12th, Guillemots first observed.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—January 28th, about twenty observed at their -breeding places. February 18th, a good many on the cliffs. -Old and young gone on 17th August. About as numerous as -previous year. The young leave in the night time.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—February 10th, first appearance 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>—They continued -to increase up to end of month, alighting at daybreak, -and leaving about 10 <span class="allsmcap">P.M.</span> or noon, when they leave again, and -reappear next morning. May 9th, first Guillemots eggs seen. -July 20th, some leaving rock, young ones being fully grown. -August 10th, all gone but a few.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Puffin"><span class="smcap">Puffin.</span></p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—April and May, great flocks passed -during<span class="pagenum" id="Page_168">- 168 -</span> these months.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—March 26th, two "Sea Parrots." -First seen this year. April 2d, "Sea Parrots" drifting with tide.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—October 4th, "Puffins."</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 30th, Puffins.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 28th, one "Sea Parrot" (young -bird) swimming. "Did not notice any of these birds up to the -present." October 1st, fifty to sixty; also seen on 8th, and from -November 28th to December 1st, "continuous flights" are noted -as going W. all day, skimming the surface of the water.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—Flocks of "Puffins" noted March 4th, -7th, and April 6th. On 29th, "Sea Parrots alighted to look at -building ground." On June 9th, "Puffins of all kinds on rock -hatching." July 20th, "Sea Parrots leaving rock."</p> - -<p><i>Clare Island.</i>—April 11th, Guillemots and Puffins arrived to -build.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—January 7th, flocks of "Puffins." Also -on May 20th, all day; and on July 16th.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—April 7th, twenty-two "Puffins." "Sea -Parrots" noted April 11th and May 1st, going E. July 10th, -thirty "Sea Parrots." September 4th, ten "Puffins," looked -very young.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 23d, Puffin in great numbers on water. -31st, observed on water at south side of island at 7 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span>, rose -on island at 9 <span class="allsmcap">A.M.</span> Again they disappeared until April 3d, and -on the 4th they became permanent. The young birds were -leaving on July 16th. This they never do in the day-time. -They left August 15th. A white-headed Puffin was captured -on June 2d. [Head received, greyish white.—R. M. B.]</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—October 1st, one taken in yard.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 26th, first appearance of Puffins flying; 31st, -alighted on rock first time to-day; wind strong, S.W. April -24th, first Puffin's eggs seen. August 10th, Puffins left to-day -<i>en masse</i>, except a few whose young are not matured.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="GNDiver"><span class="smcap">Great Northern Diver.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 8th, two swimming about. November -25th, two. December 1st, four.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—June 16th, two seen.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—April 23d, two Great Northern Divers. -November 7th, two.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_169">- 169 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Cormorant"><span class="smcap">Cormorant.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine, Head.</i>—January 15th, 1886, plentiful along the cliffs.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—November 5th, numbers feeding.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—A few at end of April.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—October 4th, Cormorants.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 6th, Green Cormorants.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—Cormorants never leave all the year round.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 5th and March 27th, Cormorants noted.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—August 4th, twelve Cormorants. These -birds are always in vicinity. The "Black Diver" came here in -spring, and continued while fish were plenty.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—June 30th, large numbers remain here this time -of year. November 14th, they are here all the year.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 26th, October 15th and 22d, seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—May 25th and 29th, Cormorants alighted -on rock near us. "When they flap their wings, it is a sure -sign of storm."</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—May 19th, four seen. July 31st, three.</p> - -<p><i>Valentia.</i>—A few Cormorants noted in April, June, October, -November, and December.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—March 22d, two Green Cormorants, and several -times after. On March 20th, "I observed a very strange specimen -of the Cormorant. The crown of the head seemed flat, the -whole length of the bill being in a line with it. The under part -of the bill, at a short distance from the head, terminated -abruptly; white in front of eyes, large black curved streak round -eyes behind, grey round back of neck, crown of head a little -tufted behind."</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Gannet"><span class="smcap">Gannet.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—Entries on March 8th, May 20th, and June 20th. -Direction of flight variable.</p> - -<p><i>Coningbeg Light-ship.</i>—March 13th, ten; 31st, five going E. -During September Gannets at intervals passing ship, generally E.</p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—March. 24th, small flocks going S.W. -September 22d, flocks going east. December 27th, 28th, 31st, -and January 9th, 1886, Gannets noticed going in various directions.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow South Light-ship.</i>—Gannets noted February 14th,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_170">- 170 -</span> -19th, 20th, March 2d, 4th, 23d, and May 12th, in every case -flying low to the N.E. August 16th and September 23d, flocks -of Gannet.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—February 24th, flocks going N. -and S. March 23d, four passed N, During the month of April -flocks of Gannets constantly passed, going N. May 19th, -several flocks passed, going N.E. and S.W. October 27th, six -going N.</p> - -<p><i>Kish Light-ship.</i>—A few Gannets going N. April 16th, 17th, -and May 4th, and going S. on 29th May and June 17th.</p> - -<p><i>Rockabill.</i>—March 18th, April 21st, May 9th, Gannets seen. -September 21st, October 8th, 12th, 22d, noted.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 25th, two—the first seen -since last September. May 8th, eight seen.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—April, Gannets fishing.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—March 2d, 14th, April 3d and 6th, flocks -going W. May 5th, small flock going W. all day; also on June -3d and 21st, going W. September 14th, a flock going W., and -more or less every day this month.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 7th, Gannets going S.W. March 20th -and May 23d, going E. and N.E.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—Saw plenty in September.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—March 22d to 28th, a few going N. Noted in June -fishing.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 26th, and on frequent dates up -to October 17th, Gannets in twos and threes and flocks, all -going W.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—Flocks noted March 22d, 25th, and May -19th. On July 2d, a few fishing. October 18th, 19th, and -20th, great numbers of Gannets going N. January 17th and -19th, 1886, two or three, the first seen since October 20th.</p> - -<p><i>Slyne Head, North.</i>—May 17th and 20th, large flocks of -Gannets.</p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—January 8th, Gannets observed. July -14th, numbers of Gannets about.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—March 7th and April 3d, a few noticed.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—February 28th, <i>Gannets first perched on Lesser -Skelligs</i>, their breeding station. June 15th, an unusual number -this year. They must have come from the Bull Rock, owing to -the erection of a lighthouse on it, which is now building.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_171">- 171 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Herons"><span class="smcap">Herons.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—March 27th, two flying inland; wind N.W. -October 26th, two.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—March 14th, two going H.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—September 21st, two "Cranes."</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—May 24th, two going W.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—September 27th, one seen.</p> - -<p><i>Blackrock, Mayo.</i>—April 20th, two Cranes seen. July 12th, -one.</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—July 22d, "four Herons (?) flying about island, and -for a few days. Was quite close to them. Never saw anything -like them before. Tips of wings were black, which continued -along inner side, forming a black fringe. There was a white -spot at the angle of the wings in front."</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—March 22d, a Heron seen; wind H., strong. July -22d, two Herons perched on rock; flew E. 26th, two seen.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Geese"><span class="smcap">Geese.</span></p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—March 11th, twenty going E.</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—March 19th, three Barnacle. August 25th, a -flock of Barnacle going S.</p> - -<p><i>Innishtrahull.</i>—January, small flocks of Barnacle passing S.; -also on February 10th, 15th, and 18th, one shot on 20th.</p> - -<p><i>Lough Swilly.</i>—October 8th, eighteen; 12th, large flocks -passing N.</p> - -<p><i>Tory Island.</i>—March 23d and 28th, Barnacle passed.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—February 13th, Barnacle remain on island all -winter. April 1st, some going N.W. October 3d, twenty-four -going S.; wind W., strong. Barnacle also passed on 6th, 8th, -10th, and 18th to 22d.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin O'Birne.</i>—October 4th, twenty-two alighted on -island; shot two. November 7th, 16th, and 20th, Barnacle -noted, "one being a gander, the first seen for last two years."</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—April 1st, a large flock of Wild Geese going -S.W. December 22d, Wild Geese remain here until March.</p> - -<p><i>Eagle Island, E.</i>—October 19th, seven Barnacle going S.W. -November 8th, about one hundred going S.W.</p> - -<p><i>Blacksod.</i>—January 17th, February 10th, and April 30th, -noted.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_172">- 172 -</span></p> - -<p><i>Arran Island, N.</i>—February 14th, twelve Wild Geese. May -18th, flock of Barnacle going N. July 19th, four "Wild -Geese" going S.; 23d, five going N. October 10th, large flock -of Barnacle going S.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—November 9th, eight Wild Geese going N. -Tearaght. May 2d, thirty going N.; 17th, twenty ditto.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Ducks"><span class="smcap">Ducks.</span></p> - -<p><i>Mine Head.</i>—December 13th, one found dead near lighthouse.</p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 14th, large flock of Teal going to sea. -June 27th, thirteen Wild Duck on a rock near station. October -25th, flock of Teal. November 1st, large flock of Duck; 11th, -a flock; 13th, large flock of Widgeon; 29th, numbers of Duck -and Teal on water.</p> - -<p><i>Tuskar Rock.</i>—January 22d, one alighted on rock.</p> - -<p><i>Arklow North Light-ship.</i>—March 16th, 23d, and 24th, flocks -of Ducks going N.</p> - -<p><i>Copeland (Mew) Island.</i>—April 12th, three; 16th, eight. May -6th, two Shelldrake. November 4th, four Wild Ducks. December -26th, twelve about island.</p> - -<p><i>Rathlin Island.</i>—December 9th, one Shelldrake. November -8th, one Pochard shot.</p> - -<p><i>Dunree Head.</i>—February 6th, 20th, 20th, and 27th, flocks -passing station.</p> - -<p><i>Lough Swilly.</i>—October 30th, four seen.</p> - -<p><i>Tory Island.</i>—Ducks noted February 14th and March 17th.</p> - -<p><i>Arranmore.</i>—Ducks on island all winter.</p> - -<p><i>Killybegs.</i>—April 20th, two. About six pair nest in a bog -near.</p> - -<p><i>Broadhaven.</i>—March 4th, flock of Shelldrake going N.W. -29th, five Wild Duck.</p> - -<p><i>Straw Island.</i>—March 5th, eight Wild Duck; 13th, six. -October 17th, fifteen Wild Duck; 18th, two Shelldrake. November -5th, thirty Wild Duck.</p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Merganser"><span class="smcap">Merganser.</span></p> - -<p><i>Dungarvan.</i>—April 5th, eleven going S.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_173">- 173 -</span></p> - - -<p class="caption4nb" id="Birds_Not_Ided"><span class="smcap">Birds not Identified.</span></p> - -<p><i>Barrels Rock Light-ship.</i>—May 21st, "observed a curious bird -hovering around the ship. It was larger than a Thrush, and of -a brown mottled colour, with a streak of white across each wing. -It flew N."</p> - -<p><i>South Maidens.</i>—May 13th, "a strange bird seen on rock, not -as large as a Thrush, with a portion of the back yellow, white -near the tail, which was dotted with yellow spots. I have not -seen a bird resembling this one since I came to station."</p> - -<p><i>Tearaght.</i>—On 12th April, a bird Like the Great Shrike was -observed.</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 16th, "a small bird about the size of a Wren -with a white spot on its forehead, flitting about amongst the -lichen on the face of the rocks. It uttered a note like tzit, -tzit, tzit, or tzee, a little sibilant in tone."</p> - -<p><i>Skelligs.</i>—October 23d, a Starling? feeding on rock. A gale -from N.E., with mist. "This bird was spotted with white spots, -the same as Morris's Nutcracker."</p> - - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<div class="transnote"> - -<p class="caption3nb">Transcriber Note</p> - -<p>Some irregularities in spelling and hyphenation were left as printed. -Minor typos were corrected. The elevation of the Lochindaul Station on -<a href="#Page_93">p. 93</a> was corrected to 50 based on the 1884 Report.</p> - -</div> - - - - - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT ON THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS IN THE SPRING AND AUTUMN OF 1885 ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ -concept and trademark. 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