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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a856028 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #66563 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/66563) diff --git a/old/66563-0.txt b/old/66563-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 21795f9..0000000 --- a/old/66563-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,834 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Red Man's Rebuke, by Simon Pokagon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: The Red Man's Rebuke - -Author: Simon Pokagon - -Release Date: October 18, 2021 [eBook #66563] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Mary Glenn Krause, Smithsonian Libraries and the Online - Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This - file was produced from images generously made available by The - Internet Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE RED MAN'S REBUKE *** - - - - - - Copyright 1893 - BY - SIMON POKAGON. - - Address all Orders to - C. H. ENGLE, PUBLISHER, - Hartford, Mich. - - - - -[Illustration: CHIEF SIMON POKAGON, HARTFORD, MICH.] - - - - - To the memory of - William Penn, Roger Williams, - the late lamented - Helen Hunt Jackson, - and many others now in Heaven, - Who conceived that Noble spirit of Justice - Which recognizes the Brotherhood of the - Red Man, and to all others now living - Defenders of our race, - I most gratefully dedicate this tribute of the forest. - - CHIEF POKAGON. - - - - -By The Author - - -My object in publishing the “Red Man’s Rebuke” on the bark of the -white birch tree, is out of loyalty to my own people, and gratitude to -the Great Spirit, who in his wisdom provided for our use for untold -generations, this most remarkable tree with manifold bark used by us -instead of paper, being of greater value to us as it could not be injured -by sun or water. - -Out of the bark of this wonderful tree were made hats, caps, and dishes -for domestic use, while our maidens tied with it the knot that sealed -their marriage vow; wigwams were made of it, as well as large canoes that -outrode the violent storms on lake and sea; it was also used for light -and fuel at our war councils and spirit dances. Originally the shore of -our northern lakes and streams were fringed with it and evergreen, and -the white charmingly contrasted with the green mirrored from the water -was indeed beautiful, but like the red man this tree is vanishing from -our forests. - - “Alas for us; our day is o’er - Our fires are out from shore to shore; - No more for us the wild deer bounds— - The plow is on our hunting grounds. - The pale man’s ax rings through our woods, - The pale man’s sail skims o’er floods; - Our pleasant springs are dry. - Our children—look by power oppressed, - Beyond the mountains of the west— - Our children go—to die.” - - - - -[Illustration: CHICAGO IN MY GRANDFATHER’S DAYS.—BY CHIEF POKAGON.] - - - - -THE RED MAN’S REBUKE. - -BY SIMON POKAGON - -_Pottawattamie Chief._ - - - “Shall not one line lament our forest race, - For you struck out from wild creation’s face? - Freedom—the selfsame freedom you adore, - Bade us defend our violated shore.” - -In behalf of my people, the American Indians, I hereby declare to you, -the pale-faced race that has usurped our lands and homes, that we have no -spirit to celebrate with you the Great Columbian Fair now being held in -this Chicago city, the wonder of the world. - -No; sooner would we hold high joy-day over the graves of our departed -fathers, than to celebrate our own funeral, the discovery of America. And -while you who are strangers, and you who live here, bring the offerings -of the handiwork of your own lands, and your hearts in admiration -rejoice over the beauty and grandeur of this young republic, and you say, -“Behold the wonders wrought by our children in this foreign land,” do not -forget that this success has been at the sacrifice of _our_ homes and a -once happy race. - -Where these great Columbian show-buildings stretch skyward, and where -stands this “Queen City of the West,” _once_ stood the red man’s -wigwam; here met their old men, young men, and maidens; here blazed -their council-fires. But now the eagle’s eye can find no trace of them. -Here was the center of their wide-spread hunting-grounds; stretching -far eastward, and to the great salt Gulf southward, and to the lofty -Rocky Mountain chain westward; and all about and beyond the Great Lakes -northward roamed vast herds of buffalo that no man could number, while -moose, deer, and elk were found from ocean to ocean; pigeons, ducks, and -geese in near bow-shot moved in great clouds through the air, while fish -swarmed our streams, lakes, and seas close to shore. All were provided -by the Great Spirit for our use; we destroyed none except for food and -dress; had plenty and were contented and happy. - -But alas! the pale-faces came by chance to our shores, many times very -needy and hungry. We nursed and fed them,—fed the ravens that were soon -to pluck out our eyes, and the eyes of our children; for no sooner had -the news reached the Old World that a new continent had been found, -peopled with another race of men, than, locust-like, they swarmed on -all our coasts; and, like the carrion crows in spring, that in circles -wheel and clamor long and loud, and will not cease until they find and -feast upon the dead, so these strangers from the East long circuits made, -and turkey-like they gobbled in our ears, “Give us gold, give us gold;” -“Where find you gold? Where find you gold?” - -We gave for promises and “gewgaws” all the gold we had, and showed them -where to dig for more; to repay us, they robbed our homes of fathers, -mothers, sons, and daughters; some were forced across the sea for slaves -in Spain, while multitudes were dragged into the mines to dig for gold, -and held in slavery there until all who escaped not, died under the lash -of the cruel task-master. It finally passed into their history that, “the -red man of the West, unlike the black man of the East, will die before -he’ll be a slave.” Our hearts were crushed by such base ingratitude; and, -as the United States has now decreed, “No Chinaman shall land on our -shores,” so we then felt that no such barbarians as they, should land on -_ours_. - -In those days that tried our fathers’ souls, tradition says: “A crippled, -grey-haired sire told his tribe that in the visions of the night he was -lifted high above the earth, and in great wonder beheld a vast spider-web -spread out over the land from the Atlantic Ocean toward the setting sun. -Its net-work was made of rods of iron; along its lines in all directions -rushed monstrous spiders, greater in strength, and larger far than any -beast of earth, clad in brass and iron, dragging after them long rows of -wigwams with families therein, out-stripping in their course the flight -of birds that fled before them. Hissing from their nostrils came forth -fire and smoke, striking terror to both fowl and beast. The red men hid -themselves in fear, or fled away, while the white men trained these -monsters for the war path, as warriors for battle.” - -The old man who saw the vision claimed it meant that the Indian race -would surely pass away before the pale-faced strangers. He died a martyr -to his belief. Centuries have passed since that time, and we now behold -in the vision as in a mirror, the present net-work of railroads, and the -monstrous engines with their fire, smoke, and hissing steam, with cars -attached, as they go sweeping through the land. - -The cyclone of civilization rolled westward; the forests of untold -centuries were swept away; streams dried up; lakes fell back from -their ancient bounds; and all our fathers once loved to gaze upon was -destroyed, defaced, or marred, except the sun, moon, and starry skies -above, which the Great Spirit in his wisdom hung beyond their reach. - -Still on the storm-cloud rolled, while before its lightning and thunder -the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air withered like grass -before the flame—were shot for love of power to kill alone, and left -to spoil upon the plains. Their bleaching bones now scattered far and -near, in shame declare the wanton cruelty of pale-faced men. The storm -unsatisfied on land swept our lakes and streams, while before its clouds -of hooks, nets, and glistening spears the fish vanished from our waters -like the morning dew before the rising sun. Thus our inheritance was cut -off, and we were driven and scattered as sheep before the wolves. - -Nor was this all. They brought among us fatal diseases our fathers knew -not of; our medicine-men tried in vain to check the deadly plague; but -they themselves died, and our people fell as fall the leaves before the -autumn’s blast. To be just, we must acknowledge there were some good -men with these strangers, who gave their lives for ours, and in great -kindness taught us the revealed will of the Great Spirit through his Son -Jesus, the mediator between God and man. But while we were being taught -to love the Lord our God with all our heart, mind, and strength, and our -neighbors as ourselves, and our children were taught to lisp, “Our Father -who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name,” bad men of the same race, whom -we thought of the same belief, shocked our faith in the revealed will -of the Father, as they came among us with bitter oaths upon their lips, -something we had never heard before, and cups of “fire-water” in their -hands, something we had never seen before. They pressed the sparkling -glasses to our lips and said, “Drink, and you will be happy.” We drank -thereof, we and our children, but alas! like the serpent that charms to -kill, the drink-habit coiled about the heart-strings of its victims, -shocking onto death, friendship, love, honor, manhood—all that makes -men good and noble; crushing out all ambition, and leaving naught but a -culprit vagabond in the place of a man. - -Now as we have been taught to believe that our first parents ate of the -forbidden fruit, and fell, so we as fully believe this fire-water is -the hard-cider of the white man’s devil, made from the fruit of that -tree that brought death into the world, and all our woes. The arrow, the -scalping-knife, and the tomahawk used on the war-path were _merciful_ -compared with it; _they_ were used in our defense, but the accursed -drink came like the serpent in the form of a dove. Many of our people -partook of it without mistrust, as children pluck the flowers and clutch -a scorpion in their grasp; only when they feel the sting, they let the -flowers fall. But Nature’s children had no such power; for when the -viper’s fangs they felt, they only hugged the reptile the more closely -to their breasts, while friends before them stood pleading with prayers -and tears that they would let the deadly serpent drop. But all in vain. -Although they promised so to do, yet with laughing grin and steps -uncertain like the fool, they still more frequently guzzled down this -hellish drug. Finally conscience ceased to give alarm, and, led by deep -despair to life’s last brink, and goaded by demons on every side, they -cursed themselves, they cursed their friends, they cursed their beggar -babes and wives, they cursed their God, and died. - -You say of us that we are treacherous, vindictive, and cruel; in answer -to the charge, we declare to all the world with our hands uplifted before -high Heaven, that before the white man came upon us, we were kind, -outspoken, and forgiving. Our real character has been misunderstood -because we have resented the breaking of treaties made with the United -States, as we honestly understood them. The few of our children who -are permitted to attend your schools, in great pride tell us that they -read in your own histories, how William Penn, a Quaker, and a good man, -made treaties with nineteen tribes of Indians, and that neither he nor -they ever broke them; and further, that during seventy years, while -Pennsylvania was controlled by the Quakers, not a drop of blood was shed -nor a war-whoop sounded by our people. Your own historians, and our -traditions, show that for nearly two hundred years, different Eastern -powers were striving for the mastery in the new world, and that our -people were persuaded by the different factions to take the war-path, -being generally led by white men who had been discharged from prisons for -crimes committed in the Old World. - -Read the following, left on record by Peter Martyr who visited our -forefathers in the day of Columbus. - - “It is certain that the land among these people is as common - as the sun and water, and that ‘mine and thine,’ the seed of - all misery, have no place with them. They are content with - so little, that in so large a country they have rather a - superfluity than a scarceness: so that they seem to live in - the golden world without toil, living in open gardens not - intrenched with dykes, not divided with hedges, nor divided - with walls. They deal truly one with another, without laws, - without books, without judges. They take him for an evil - and mischievous man, who taketh pleasure in doing hurt to - another, and albeit they delight not in superfluities, yet they - make provision for the increase of such roots whereof they - make bread, content with such simple diet whereof health is - preserved and disease is avoided.” - -Your own histories show that Columbus on his first visit to our shores, -in a message to the king and queen of Spain, paid our forefathers this -beautiful tribute:— - - “They are loving, uncovetous people: so docile in all things - that I swear to your majesties there is not in the world - a better race or more delightful country. They love their - neighbors as themselves, and their talk is ever sweet and - gentle, accompanied with smiles; and though they be naked, yet - their manners are decorous and praiseworthy.” - -But a few years passed away, and your historians left to be perused with -shame, the following facts:— - - “On the islands of the Atlantic Coast and in the populous - empires of Mexico and Peru, the Spaniards, through pretense - of friendship and religion, gained audience with chiefs and - kings, their families and attendants. They were received - with great kindness and courtesy but in return they most - treacherously seized and bound in chains the unsuspecting - natives; and as a ransom for their release, demanded large sums - of gold which were soon given by their subjects. But instead of - granting them freedom as promised, they were put to death in - a most shocking manner. Their subjects were then hunted down - like wild beasts, with bloodhounds, robbed and enslaved; while - under pretext to convert them to Christianity, the rack, the - scourge, and the fagot were used. Some were burned alive in - their thickets and fastnesses for refusing to work the mines as - slaves.” - -Tradition says these acts of base ingratitude were communicated from -tribe to tribe throughout the continent, and that a universal wail as one -voice went up from all the tribes of the unbroken wilderness: “We must -beat back these strangers from our shores before they seize our lands and -homes, or slavery or death are ours.” - -Reader, pause here, close your eyes, shut out from your heart all -prejudice against our race, and honestly consider the above records -penned by the pale-faced historians centuries ago; and tell us in the -name of eternal truth, and by all that is sacred and dear to mankind, -was there ever a people without the slightest reason of offense, more -treacherously imprisoned and scourged than we have been? And tell us, -have crime, despotism, violence, and slavery ever been dealt out in a -more wicked manner to crush out life and liberty; or was ever a people -more mortally offended than our forefathers were? - -Almighty Spirit of humanity, let thy arms of compassion embrace and -shield us from the charge of treachery, vindictiveness, and cruelty, and -save us from further oppression! And may the great chief of the United -States appoint no more broken-down or disappointed politicians as agents -to deal with us, but may he select good men that are tried and true, men -who fear not to do the right. This is our prayer. What would remain for -us if we were not allowed to pray? All else we acknowledge to be in the -hands of this great republic. - -It is clear that for years after the discovery of this country, we stood -before the coming strangers, as a block of marble before the sculptor -ready to be shaped into a statue of grace and beauty; but in their greed -for gold, the block was hacked to pieces and destroyed. Child-like we -trusted in them with all our hearts; and as the young nestling while yet -blind, swallows each morsel given by the parent bird, so we drank in -all they said. They showed us the compass that guided them across the -trackless deep, and as its needle swung to and fro only resting to the -north, we looked upon it as a thing of life from the eternal world. We -could not understand the lightning and thunder of their guns, believing -they were weapons of the gods; nor could we fathom their wisdom in -knowing and telling us the exact time in which the sun or moon should be -darkened; hence we looked upon them as divine; we revered them—yes, we -trusted in them, as infants trust in the arms of their mothers. - -But again and again was our confidence betrayed, until we were compelled -to know that greed for gold was all the balance-wheel they had. The -remnant of the beasts are now wild and keep beyond the arrow’s reach, the -fowls fly high in air, the fish hide themselves in deep waters. We have -been driven from the homes of our childhood and from the burial places of -our kindred and friends, and scattered far westward into desert places, -where multitudes have died from homesickness, cold, and hunger, and are -suffering and dying still for want of food and blankets. - -As the hunted deer close chased all day long, when night comes on, weary -and tired, lies down to rest, mourning for companions of the morning -herd, all scattered, dead, and gone, so we through weary years have tried -to find some place to safely rest. But all in vain! Our throbbing hearts -unceasing say, “The hounds are howling on our tracks.” Our sad history -has been told by weeping parents to their children from generation to -generation; and as the fear of the fox in the duckling is hatched, so the -wrongs we have suffered are transmitted to our children, and they look -upon the white man with distrust as soon as they are born. Hence our -worst acts of cruelty should be viewed by all the world with Christian -charity, as being but the echo of bad treatment dealt out to us. - -Therefore we pray our critics everywhere to be not like the thoughtless -boy who condemns the toiling bees wherever found, as vindictive and -cruel, because in robbing their homes he once received the poisoned darts -that nature gave for their defense. Our strongest defense against the -onward marching hordes, we fully realize is as useless as the struggles -of a lamb borne high in air, pierced to its heart, in the talons of the -eagle. - -We never shall be happy here any more; we gaze into the faces of our -little ones, for smiles of infancy to please, and into the faces of our -young men and maidens, for joys of youth to cheer advancing age, but -alas! instead of smiles of joy we find but looks of sadness there. Then -we fully realize in the anguish of our souls that their young and tender -hearts, in keenest sympathy with ours, have drank in the sorrows we have -felt, and their sad faces reflect it back to us again. No rainbow of -promise spans the dark cloud of our afflictions; no cheering hopes are -painted on our midnight sky. We only stand with folded arms and watch and -wait to see the future deal with us no better than the past. No cheer -of sympathy is given us; but in answer to our complaints we are told -the triumphal march of the Eastern race westward is by the unalterable -decree of nature, termed by them “survival of the fittest.” And so we -stand as upon the sea-shore, chained hand and foot, while the incoming -tide of the great ocean of civilization rises slowly but surely to -overwhelm us. - -But a few more generations and the last child of the forest will have -passed into the world beyond—into that kingdom where Tche-ban-yot-booz, -the Great Spirit, dwelleth, who loveth justice and mercy, and hateth -evil; who has declared the “fittest” in his kingdom shall be those alone -that hear and aid his children when they cry, and that love him and keep -his commandments. In that kingdom many of our people in faith believe he -will summon the pale-faced spirits to take position on his left, and the -red spirits upon his right, and that he will say, “Sons and daughters of -the forest, your prayers for deliverance from the iron heel of oppression -through centuries past are recorded in this book now open before me, made -from the bark of the white birch, a tree under which for generations -past you have mourned and wept. On its pages silently has been recorded -your sad history. It has touched my heart with pity and I will have -compassion.” - -Then turning to his left he will say, “Sons and daughters of the East, -all hear and give heed unto my words. While on Earth I did great and -marvelous things for you—I gave my only Son, who declared unto you my -will, and as you had freely received, to so freely give, and declare the -gospel unto all people. A few of you have kept the faith; and through -opposition and great tribulation have labored hard and honestly for the -redemption of mankind regardless of race or color. To all such I now -give divine power to fly on lightning wings throughout my universe. Now, -therefore, listen; and when the great drum beats, let all try their -powers to fly. Only those can rise who acted well their part on earth to -redeem and save the fallen.” - -The drum will be sounded, and the innumerable multitude will appear like -some vast sea of wounded birds struggling to rise. We shall behold it, -and shall hear their fluttering as the rumbling of an earthquake, and to -our surprise shall see but a scattering few in triumph rise, and hear -their songs re-echo through the vault of heaven as they sing, “Glory to -the highest who hath redeemed and saved us.” - -Then the Great Spirit will speak with a voice of thunder to the remaining -shame-faced multitude: “Hear ye: it is through great mercy that you have -been permitted to enter these happy hunting-grounds. Therefore I charge -you in presence of these red men that you are guilty of having tyrannized -over them in many and strange ways. I find you guilty of having made -wanton wholesale butchery of their game and fish, I find you guilty of -using tobacco, a poisonous weed made only to kill parasites on plants and -lice on man and beast. You found it with the red men, who used it only -in smoking the pipe of peace, to confirm their contracts, in place of a -seal. But you multiplied its use, not only in smoking, but in chewing, -snuffing, thus forming unhealthy, filthy habits, and by cigarettes, the -abomination of abominations, learned little children to hunger and thirst -after the father and mother of palsy and cancers. - -“I find you guilty of tagging after the pay agents sent out by the -great chief of the United States, among the Indians, to pay off their -birth-right claims to home, and liberty, and native lands, and then -sneaking about their agencies by deceit and trickery, cheating and -robbing them of their money and goods, thus leaving them poor and naked. -I also find you guilty of following the trail of Christian missionaries -into the wilderness among the natives, and when they had set up my -altars, and the great work of redemption had just begun, and some in -faith believed, you then and there most wickedly set up the idol of -man-tchi-man-in-to (the devil), and there stuck out your sign, SAMPLE -ROOMS. You then dealt out to the sons of the forest a most damnable drug, -fitly termed on earth by Christian women, ‘a beverage of hell,’ which -destroyed both body and soul, taking therefore, all their money and -blankets, and scrupling not to take in pawn the Bibles given them by my -servants. - -“Therefore know ye, this much-abused race shall enjoy the liberties of -these happy hunting-grounds, while I teach them my will, which you were -in duty bound to do while on earth. But instead, you blocked up the -highway that led to heaven, that the car of salvation might not pass -over. Had you done your duty, they as well as you would now be rejoicing -in glory with my saints with whom you, fluttering, tried this day in vain -to rise. But now I say unto you, Stand back! you shall not tread upon the -heels of my people, nor tyrannize over them any more. Neither shall you -with gatling-gun or otherwise disturb or break up their prayer-meetings -in camp any more. Neither shall you practice with weapons of lightning -and thunder any more. Neither shall you use tobacco in any shape, way, -or manner. Neither shall you touch, taste, handle, make, buy, or sell -anything that can intoxicate any more. And know ye, ye cannot buy out -the law or skulk by justice here; and if any attempt is made on your -part to break these commandments, I shall forthwith grant these red men -of America great power, and delegate them to cast you out of Paradise, -and hurl you headlong through its outer gates into the endless abyss -beneath—far beyond, where darkness meets with light, there to dwell, and -thus shut you out from my presence and the presence of angels and the -light of heaven forever and ever.” - -[Illustration: “And as the young nestling while yet blind, swallows each -morsel given by the parent bird, so we drank in all they said.”] - -[Illustration: “As the hunted deer close chased all day long, when night -comes on, weary and tired, lies down to rest.”] - -[Illustration: “As the fear of the fox in the duckling is hatched, so the -wrongs we have suffered are transmitted to our children.”] - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE RED MAN'S REBUKE *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: The Red Man's Rebuke</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Simon Pokagon</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: October 18, 2021 [eBook #66563]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Mary Glenn Krause, Smithsonian Libraries and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE RED MAN'S REBUKE ***</div> - -<p class="titlepage"><span class="smaller">Copyright 1893<br /> -<span class="smcap">by</span></span><br /> -<span class="smcap larger">Simon Pokagon.</span></p> - -<p class="titlepage"><span class="smaller">Address all Orders to</span><br /> -<span class="smcap">C. H. ENGLE, Publisher</span>,<br /> -Hartford, <span class="spacer">Mich.</span></p> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/author.jpg" width="400" height="500" alt="" /> -<p class="caption"><span class="smcap">Chief Simon Pokagon, Hartford, Mich.</span></p> -</div> - -<div class="transnote"> - -<p>Transcriber’s Note: The illustrations bear the traces of the original birch -bark publication, and have deliberately not been edited to remove these markings.</p> - -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="dedi"> - -<p class="dedication">To the memory of<br /> -William Penn, Roger Williams,<br /> -the late lamented<br /> -Helen Hunt Jackson,<br /> -and many others now in Heaven,<br /> -Who conceived that Noble spirit of Justice<br /> -Which recognizes the Brotherhood of the<br /> -Red Man, and to all others now living<br /> -Defenders of our race,<br /> -I most gratefully dedicate this tribute of the forest.</p> - -<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Chief Pokagon.</span></p> - -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> - -<h2 class="nobreak">By The Author</h2> - -</div> - -<p>My object in publishing the “Red Man’s Rebuke” on the bark of the white birch -tree, is out of loyalty to my own people, and gratitude to the Great Spirit, who in his -wisdom provided for our use for untold generations, this most remarkable tree with -manifold bark used by us instead of paper, being of greater value to us as it could -not be injured by sun or water.</p> - -<p>Out of the bark of this wonderful tree were made hats, caps, and dishes for domestic -use, while our maidens tied with it the knot that sealed their marriage vow; -wigwams were made of it, as well as large canoes that outrode the violent storms on -lake and sea; it was also used for light and fuel at our war councils and spirit dances. -Originally the shore of our northern lakes and streams were fringed with it and evergreen, -and the white charmingly contrasted with the green mirrored from the water -was indeed beautiful, but like the red man this tree is vanishing from our forests.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">“Alas for us; our day is o’er</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Our fires are out from shore to shore;</div> - <div class="verse indent0">No more for us the wild deer bounds—</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The plow is on our hunting grounds.</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The pale man’s ax rings through our woods,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">The pale man’s sail skims o’er floods;</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Our pleasant springs are dry.</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Our children—look by power oppressed,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Beyond the mountains of the west—</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Our children go—to die.”</div> - </div> -</div> -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/illus1.jpg" width="700" height="575" alt="" /> -<p class="caption"><span class="smcap">Chicago in my Grandfather’s Days.—By -Chief Pokagon.</span></p> -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_1"></a>[1]</span></p> - -<h1>THE RED MAN’S REBUKE.</h1> - -<p class="center larger">BY SIMON POKAGON</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Pottawattamie Chief.</i></p> - -</div> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0">“Shall not one line lament our forest race,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">For you struck out from wild creation’s face?</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Freedom—the selfsame freedom you adore,</div> - <div class="verse indent0">Bade us defend our violated shore.”</div> - </div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>In behalf of my people, the American Indians, I hereby declare to you, -the pale-faced race that has usurped our lands and homes, that we have no -spirit to celebrate with you the Great Columbian Fair now being held in this -Chicago city, the wonder of the world.</p> - -<p>No; sooner would we hold high joy-day over the graves of our departed -fathers, than to celebrate our own funeral, the discovery of America. And -while you who are strangers, and you who live here, bring the offerings of the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_2"></a>[2]</span> -handiwork of your own lands, and your hearts in admiration rejoice over the -beauty and grandeur of this young republic, and you say, “Behold the wonders -wrought by our children in this foreign land,” do not forget that this -success has been at the sacrifice of <em>our</em> homes and a once happy race.</p> - -<p>Where these great Columbian show-buildings stretch skyward, and where -stands this “Queen City of the West,” <em>once</em> stood the red man’s wigwam; -here met their old men, young men, and maidens; here blazed their council-fires. -But now the eagle’s eye can find no trace of them. Here was the center of -their wide-spread hunting-grounds; stretching far eastward, and to the great -salt Gulf southward, and to the lofty Rocky Mountain chain westward; and all -about and beyond the Great Lakes northward roamed vast herds of buffalo -that no man could number, while moose, deer, and elk were found from -ocean to ocean; pigeons, ducks, and geese in near bow-shot moved in great -clouds through the air, while fish swarmed our streams, lakes, and seas close -to shore. All were provided by the Great Spirit for our use; we destroyed -none except for food and dress; had plenty and were contented and happy.</p> - -<p>But alas! the pale-faces came by chance to our shores, many times very -needy and hungry. We nursed and fed them,—fed the ravens that were soon -to pluck out our eyes, and the eyes of our children; for no sooner had the -news reached the Old World that a new continent had been found, peopled<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_3"></a>[3]</span> -with another race of men, than, locust-like, they swarmed on all our coasts; -and, like the carrion crows in spring, that in circles wheel and clamor long and -loud, and will not cease until they find and feast upon the dead, so these -strangers from the East long circuits made, and turkey-like they gobbled in -our ears, “Give us gold, give us gold;” “Where find you gold? Where find -you gold?”</p> - -<p>We gave for promises and “gewgaws” all the gold we had, and showed -them where to dig for more; to repay us, they robbed our homes of fathers, -mothers, sons, and daughters; some were forced across the sea for -slaves in Spain, while multitudes were dragged into the mines to dig for -gold, and held in slavery there until all who escaped not, died under the -lash of the cruel task-master. It finally passed into their history that, “the -red man of the West, unlike the black man of the East, will die before he’ll -be a slave.” Our hearts were crushed by such base ingratitude; and, as the -United States has now decreed, “No Chinaman shall land on our shores,” -so we then felt that no such barbarians as they, should land on <em>ours</em>.</p> - -<p>In those days that tried our fathers’ souls, tradition says: “A crippled, -grey-haired sire told his tribe that in the visions of the night he was lifted high -above the earth, and in great wonder beheld a vast spider-web spread out over -the land from the Atlantic Ocean toward the setting sun. Its net-work was<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_4"></a>[4]</span> -made of rods of iron; along its lines in all directions rushed monstrous spiders, -greater in strength, and larger far than any beast of earth, clad in brass and -iron, dragging after them long rows of wigwams with families therein, out-stripping -in their course the flight of birds that fled before them. Hissing -from their nostrils came forth fire and smoke, striking terror to both fowl and -beast. The red men hid themselves in fear, or fled away, while the white men -trained these monsters for the war path, as warriors for battle.”</p> - -<p>The old man who saw the vision claimed it meant that the Indian race -would surely pass away before the pale-faced strangers. He died a -martyr to his belief. Centuries have passed since that time, and we now behold -in the vision as in a mirror, the present net-work of railroads, and the -monstrous engines with their fire, smoke, and hissing steam, with cars attached, -as they go sweeping through the land.</p> - -<p>The cyclone of civilization rolled westward; the forests of untold centuries -were swept away; streams dried up; lakes fell back from their ancient -bounds; and all our fathers once loved to gaze upon was destroyed, defaced, -or marred, except the sun, moon, and starry skies above, which the Great -Spirit in his wisdom hung beyond their reach.</p> - -<p>Still on the storm-cloud rolled, while before its lightning and thunder the -beasts of the field and the fowls of the air withered like grass before the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_5"></a>[5]</span> -flame—were shot for love of power to kill alone, and left to spoil upon the -plains. Their bleaching bones now scattered far and near, in shame declare -the wanton cruelty of pale-faced men. The storm unsatisfied on land swept -our lakes and streams, while before its clouds of hooks, nets, and glistening -spears the fish vanished from our waters like the morning dew before the -rising sun. Thus our inheritance was cut off, and we were driven and scattered -as sheep before the wolves.</p> - -<p>Nor was this all. They brought among us fatal diseases our fathers knew -not of; our medicine-men tried in vain to check the deadly plague; but they -themselves died, and our people fell as fall the leaves before the autumn’s -blast. To be just, we must acknowledge there were some good men with these -strangers, who gave their lives for ours, and in great kindness taught us the -revealed will of the Great Spirit through his Son Jesus, the mediator between -God and man. But while we were being taught to love the Lord our God with -all our heart, mind, and strength, and our neighbors as ourselves, and our children -were taught to lisp, “Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy -name,” bad men of the same race, whom we thought of the same belief, -shocked our faith in the revealed will of the Father, as they came among us -with bitter oaths upon their lips, something we had never heard before, and -cups of “fire-water” in their hands, something we had never seen before.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_6"></a>[6]</span> -They pressed the sparkling glasses to our lips and said, “Drink, and you will be -happy.” We drank thereof, we and our children, but alas! like the serpent -that charms to kill, the drink-habit coiled about the heart-strings of its victims, -shocking onto death, friendship, love, honor, manhood—all that makes men -good and noble; crushing out all ambition, and leaving naught but a culprit -vagabond in the place of a man.</p> - -<p>Now as we have been taught to believe that our first parents ate of the forbidden -fruit, and fell, so we as fully believe this fire-water is the hard-cider -of the white man’s devil, made from the fruit of that tree that brought -death into the world, and all our woes. The arrow, the scalping-knife, and -the tomahawk used on the war-path were <em>merciful</em> compared with it; <em>they</em> -were used in our defense, but the accursed drink came like the serpent in the -form of a dove. Many of our people partook of it without mistrust, as -children pluck the flowers and clutch a scorpion in their grasp; only when -they feel the sting, they let the flowers fall. But Nature’s children had no -such power; for when the viper’s fangs they felt, they only hugged the reptile -the more closely to their breasts, while friends before them stood pleading -with prayers and tears that they would let the deadly serpent drop. But all -in vain. Although they promised so to do, yet with laughing grin and steps -uncertain like the fool, they still more frequently guzzled down this hellish<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_7"></a>[7]</span> -drug. Finally conscience ceased to give alarm, and, led by deep despair to -life’s last brink, and goaded by demons on every side, they cursed themselves, -they cursed their friends, they cursed their beggar babes and wives, -they cursed their God, and died.</p> - -<p>You say of us that we are treacherous, vindictive, and cruel; in answer to -the charge, we declare to all the world with our hands uplifted before high -Heaven, that before the white man came upon us, we were kind, outspoken, -and forgiving. Our real character has been misunderstood because we have -resented the breaking of treaties made with the United States, as we honestly -understood them. The few of our children who are permitted to attend your -schools, in great pride tell us that they read in your own histories, how -William Penn, a Quaker, and a good man, made treaties with nineteen tribes -of Indians, and that neither he nor they ever broke them; and further, that -during seventy years, while Pennsylvania was controlled by the Quakers, not a -drop of blood was shed nor a war-whoop sounded by our people. Your own -historians, and our traditions, show that for nearly two hundred years, different -Eastern powers were striving for the mastery in the new world, and that our -people were persuaded by the different factions to take the war-path, being -generally led by white men who had been discharged from prisons for crimes -committed in the Old World.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_8"></a>[8]</span></p> - -<p>Read the following, left on record by Peter Martyr who visited our forefathers -in the day of Columbus.</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“It is certain that the land among these people is as common as the sun and water, and -that ‘mine and thine,’ the seed of all misery, have no place with them. They are content -with so little, that in so large a country they have rather a superfluity than a scarceness: so -that they seem to live in the golden world without toil, living in open gardens not intrenched -with dykes, not divided with hedges, nor divided with walls. They deal truly one with another, -without laws, without books, without judges. They take him for an evil and mischievous -man, who taketh pleasure in doing hurt to another, and albeit they delight not in superfluities, -yet they make provision for the increase of such roots whereof they make bread, content -with such simple diet whereof health is preserved and disease is avoided.”</p> -</div> - -<p>Your own histories show that Columbus on his first visit to our shores, in a -message to the king and queen of Spain, paid our forefathers this beautiful -tribute:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“They are loving, uncovetous people: so docile in all things that I swear to your majesties -there is not in the world a better race or more delightful country. They love their -neighbors as themselves, and their talk is ever sweet and gentle, accompanied with smiles; -and though they be naked, yet their manners are decorous and praiseworthy.”</p> -</div> - -<p>But a few years passed away, and your historians left to be perused with -shame, the following facts:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p>“On the islands of the Atlantic Coast and in the populous empires of Mexico and Peru, -the Spaniards, through pretense of friendship and religion, gained audience with chiefs and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_9"></a>[9]</span> -kings, their families and attendants. They were received with great kindness and courtesy -but in return they most treacherously seized and bound in chains the unsuspecting natives; -and as a ransom for their release, demanded large sums of gold which were soon given by -their subjects. But instead of granting them freedom as promised, they were put to death in a -most shocking manner. Their subjects were then hunted down like wild beasts, with bloodhounds, -robbed and enslaved; while under pretext to convert them to Christianity, the rack, -the scourge, and the fagot were used. Some were burned alive in their thickets and fastnesses -for refusing to work the mines as slaves.”</p> -</div> - -<p>Tradition says these acts of base ingratitude were communicated from tribe -to tribe throughout the continent, and that a universal wail as one voice went -up from all the tribes of the unbroken wilderness: “We must beat back these -strangers from our shores before they seize our lands and homes, or slavery -or death are ours.”</p> - -<p>Reader, pause here, close your eyes, shut out from your heart all prejudice -against our race, and honestly consider the above records penned by the pale-faced -historians centuries ago; and tell us in the name of eternal truth, and by -all that is sacred and dear to mankind, was there ever a people without the -slightest reason of offense, more treacherously imprisoned and scourged than -we have been? And tell us, have crime, despotism, violence, and slavery ever -been dealt out in a more wicked manner to crush out life and liberty; or was -ever a people more mortally offended than our forefathers were?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_10"></a>[10]</span></p> - -<p>Almighty Spirit of humanity, let thy arms of compassion embrace and -shield us from the charge of treachery, vindictiveness, and cruelty, and save -us from further oppression! And may the great chief of the United States -appoint no more broken-down or disappointed politicians as agents to deal -with us, but may he select good men that are tried and true, men who fear -not to do the right. This is our prayer. What would remain for us if we -were not allowed to pray? All else we acknowledge to be in the hands of this -great republic.</p> - -<p>It is clear that for years after the discovery of this country, we stood -before the coming strangers, as a block of marble before the sculptor ready -to be shaped into a statue of grace and beauty; but in their greed for gold, the -block was hacked to pieces and destroyed. Child-like we trusted in them -with all our hearts; and as the young nestling while yet blind, swallows each -morsel given by the parent bird, so we drank in all they said. They showed -us the compass that guided them across the trackless deep, and as its needle -swung to and fro only resting to the north, we looked upon it as a thing of -life from the eternal world. We could not understand the lightning and -thunder of their guns, believing they were weapons of the gods; nor could we -fathom their wisdom in knowing and telling us the exact time in which the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_11"></a>[11]</span> -sun or moon should be darkened; hence we looked upon them as divine; we -revered them—yes, we trusted in them, as infants trust in the arms of their -mothers.</p> - -<p>But again and again was our confidence betrayed, until we were compelled -to know that greed for gold was all the balance-wheel they had. The remnant -of the beasts are now wild and keep beyond the arrow’s reach, the fowls -fly high in air, the fish hide themselves in deep waters. We have been driven -from the homes of our childhood and from the burial places of our kindred -and friends, and scattered far westward into desert places, where multitudes -have died from homesickness, cold, and hunger, and are suffering and dying -still for want of food and blankets.</p> - -<p>As the hunted deer close chased all day long, when night comes on, weary -and tired, lies down to rest, mourning for companions of the morning herd, -all scattered, dead, and gone, so we through weary years have tried to find -some place to safely rest. But all in vain! Our throbbing hearts unceasing -say, “The hounds are howling on our tracks.” Our sad history has been -told by weeping parents to their children from generation to generation; and -as the fear of the fox in the duckling is hatched, so the wrongs we have suffered -are transmitted to our children, and they look upon the white man with<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_12"></a>[12]</span> -distrust as soon as they are born. Hence our worst acts of cruelty should be -viewed by all the world with Christian charity, as being but the echo of bad -treatment dealt out to us.</p> - -<p>Therefore we pray our critics everywhere to be not like the thoughtless boy -who condemns the toiling bees wherever found, as vindictive and cruel, because -in robbing their homes he once received the poisoned darts that nature gave -for their defense. Our strongest defense against the onward marching hordes, -we fully realize is as useless as the struggles of a lamb borne high in air, -pierced to its heart, in the talons of the eagle.</p> - -<p>We never shall be happy here any more; we gaze into the faces of our -little ones, for smiles of infancy to please, and into the faces of our young men -and maidens, for joys of youth to cheer advancing age, but alas! instead of -smiles of joy we find but looks of sadness there. Then we fully realize in the -anguish of our souls that their young and tender hearts, in keenest sympathy -with ours, have drank in the sorrows we have felt, and their sad faces reflect -it back to us again. No rainbow of promise spans the dark cloud of our afflictions; -no cheering hopes are painted on our midnight sky. We only stand -with folded arms and watch and wait to see the future deal with us no better -than the past. No cheer of sympathy is given us; but in answer to our complaints -we are told the triumphal march of the Eastern race westward is by<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_13"></a>[13]</span> -the unalterable decree of nature, termed by them “survival of the fittest.” -And so we stand as upon the sea-shore, chained hand and foot, while the incoming -tide of the great ocean of civilization rises slowly but surely to overwhelm -us.</p> - -<p>But a few more generations and the last child of the forest will have passed -into the world beyond—into that kingdom where Tche-ban-yot-booz, the -Great Spirit, dwelleth, who loveth justice and mercy, and hateth evil; who -has declared the “fittest” in his kingdom shall be those alone that hear and -aid his children when they cry, and that love him and keep his commandments. -In that kingdom many of our people in faith believe he will summon -the pale-faced spirits to take position on his left, and the red spirits upon his -right, and that he will say, “Sons and daughters of the forest, your prayers -for deliverance from the iron heel of oppression through centuries past are -recorded in this book now open before me, made from the bark of the white -birch, a tree under which for generations past you have mourned and wept. -On its pages silently has been recorded your sad history. It has touched my -heart with pity and I will have compassion.”</p> - -<p>Then turning to his left he will say, “Sons and daughters of the East, all -hear and give heed unto my words. While on Earth I did great and marvelous -things for you—I gave my only Son, who declared unto you my will,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_14"></a>[14]</span> -and as you had freely received, to so freely give, and declare the gospel unto -all people. A few of you have kept the faith; and through opposition and -great tribulation have labored hard and honestly for the redemption of mankind -regardless of race or color. To all such I now give divine power to fly -on lightning wings throughout my universe. Now, therefore, listen; and when -the great drum beats, let all try their powers to fly. Only those can rise who -acted well their part on earth to redeem and save the fallen.”</p> - -<p>The drum will be sounded, and the innumerable multitude will appear like -some vast sea of wounded birds struggling to rise. We shall behold it, and -shall hear their fluttering as the rumbling of an earthquake, and to our surprise -shall see but a scattering few in triumph rise, and hear their songs re-echo -through the vault of heaven as they sing, “Glory to the highest who -hath redeemed and saved us.”</p> - -<p>Then the Great Spirit will speak with a voice of thunder to the remaining -shame-faced multitude: “Hear ye: it is through great mercy that you have -been permitted to enter these happy hunting-grounds. Therefore I charge -you in presence of these red men that you are guilty of having tyrannized over -them in many and strange ways. I find you guilty of having made wanton -wholesale butchery of their game and fish, I find you guilty of using tobacco, -a poisonous weed made only to kill parasites on plants and lice on man and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_15"></a>[15]</span> -beast. You found it with the red men, who used it only in smoking the pipe -of peace, to confirm their contracts, in place of a seal. But you multiplied its -use, not only in smoking, but in chewing, snuffing, thus forming unhealthy, -filthy habits, and by cigarettes, the abomination of abominations, learned -little children to hunger and thirst after the father and mother of palsy and -cancers.</p> - -<p>“I find you guilty of tagging after the pay agents sent out by the great -chief of the United States, among the Indians, to pay off their birth-right claims -to home, and liberty, and native lands, and then sneaking about their agencies -by deceit and trickery, cheating and robbing them of their money and goods, -thus leaving them poor and naked. I also find you guilty of following the -trail of Christian missionaries into the wilderness among the natives, and when -they had set up my altars, and the great work of redemption had just begun, -and some in faith believed, you then and there most wickedly set up the idol -of man-tchi-man-in-to (the devil), and there stuck out your sign, SAMPLE -ROOMS. You then dealt out to the sons of the forest a most damnable drug, -fitly termed on earth by Christian women, ‘a beverage of hell,’ which destroyed -both body and soul, taking therefore, all their money and blankets, and -scrupling not to take in pawn the Bibles given them by my servants.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_16"></a>[16]</span></p> - -<p>“Therefore know ye, this much-abused race shall enjoy the liberties of -these happy hunting-grounds, while I teach them my will, which you were in -duty bound to do while on earth. But instead, you blocked up the highway -that led to heaven, that the car of salvation might not pass over. Had you -done your duty, they as well as you would now be rejoicing in glory with my -saints with whom you, fluttering, tried this day in vain to rise. But now I say -unto you, Stand back! you shall not tread upon the heels of my people, nor -tyrannize over them any more. Neither shall you with gatling-gun or otherwise -disturb or break up their prayer-meetings in camp any more. Neither -shall you practice with weapons of lightning and thunder any more. Neither -shall you use tobacco in any shape, way, or manner. Neither shall you -touch, taste, handle, make, buy, or sell anything that can intoxicate any more. -And know ye, ye cannot buy out the law or skulk by justice here; and if any -attempt is made on your part to break these commandments, I shall forthwith -grant these red men of America great power, and delegate them to cast you -out of Paradise, and hurl you headlong through its outer gates into the endless -abyss beneath—far beyond, where darkness meets with light, there to dwell, -and thus shut you out from my presence and the presence of angels and the -light of heaven forever and ever.”</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/illus2.jpg" width="500" height="350" alt="" /> -<p class="caption">“And as the young nestling while yet -blind, swallows each morsel given by the -parent bird, so we drank in all they said.”</p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/illus3.jpg" width="500" height="350" alt="" /> -<p class="caption">“As the hunted deer close chased all day long, when night -comes on, weary and tired, lies down to rest.”</p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/illus4.jpg" width="500" height="400" alt="" /> -<p class="caption">“As the fear of the fox in the duckling is hatched, so the -wrongs we have suffered are transmitted to our children.”</p> -</div> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/backcover.jpg" width="300" height="550" alt="Image from -the book's back cover. 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