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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5970b6b --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #67063 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/67063) diff --git a/old/67063-0.txt b/old/67063-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6310aff..0000000 --- a/old/67063-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2788 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, Cottage scenes during the cholera, by William -Isaac Coppard - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: Cottage scenes during the cholera - being extracts from a diary written in July and August, 1832 - - -Author: William Isaac Coppard - - - -Release Date: January 1, 2022 [eBook #67063] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE -CHOLERA*** - - -Transcribed from the 1848 F. & J. Rivington edition by David Price. Many -thanks to the British Library for making their copy available. - - [Picture: Plympton St. Mary Church] - - - - - - COTTAGE SCENES - DURING - THE CHOLERA. - - - * * * * * - - BEING EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY WRITTEN IN - JULY AND AUGUST, 1832. - - * * * * * - - BY THE - REV. W. I. COPPARD, M.A., - - INCUMBENT OF PLYMPTON ST. MARY, DEVONSHIRE; AND DOMESTIC - CHAPLAIN TO THE EARL OF MORLEY. - - * * * * * - - * * * * * - - * * * * * - - LONDON: - F. & J. RIVINGTON; HAMILTON, ADAMS, AND CO.; - HATCHARD & SON; AND MASTERS; - EXETER: H. J. WALLIS. PLYMOUTH: R. LIDSTONE. - - 1848. - - * * * * * - - “TAKE HEED UNTO THYSELF, AND KEEP THY SOUL DILIGENTLY, LEST THOU - FORGET THE THINGS WHICH THINE EYES HAVE SEEN, AND LEST THEY DEPART - FROM THY HEART ALL THE DAYS OF THY LIFE.” - - DEUT. IV. 9. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -IN compliance with the repeated request of some highly valued friends, -these Extracts are offered to the Public. They possess no recommendation -beyond that of being a plain statement of facts, for the authenticity of -which, there are many living witnesses: and the writer of them humbly -prays that, by the blessing of God, they may contain some hints which -will be beneficial to his fellow-creatures. - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -THE Parish of Plympton St. Mary, at a distance of about four miles from -Plymouth, is bounded on the west by the river Plym. From Long-Bridge, -which crosses the river, it extends eastward nearly six miles. The -population, {1} at the time of the census of 1831, consisted of 2152, and -is scattered over an area of nearly thirty square miles. Independently -of gentlemen’s seats, numerous farm houses, and small clusters of -cottages in isolated spots, there are seven villages within the parish; -viz., Ridgeway, Underwood, Colebrook, Hemerdon, Sparkwell, Venton, and a -part of Lee-Mill-Bridge, containing, upon an average, in each, from 150 -to 300 inhabitants, chiefly agricultural labourers. - -Near the western extremity, stands the venerable Parish Church, in a -picturesque valley, within a few hundred yards of the three first-named -villages. Colebrook is on the lowest ground, adjacent to a small river; -Ridgeway is situated higher; and Underwood, the main scene of the -disastrous ravages of the cholera (having been nearly decimated out of a -population of 300, and where, at one time, 200 individuals were affected, -more or less, with symptoms of the fearful epidemic), lies east and west -on the north slope of a hill which rises above a valley {2} terminating -at the river Plym. A small brook winds its way at the foot of the hill; -and a little stream, issuing from a spring which rises at the western -end, runs through a part of the village, in an open gutter on the side of -the road. - -The poorer portion of the inhabitants are as well conducted and cleanly -in their habits as the generality of labouring people; and their -cottages, for the most part, are kept in a creditable condition. - -The four last-named villages are at the eastern end of the parish, three -or four miles distant from the Church, and are situated on elevated -ground, bordering on the Moors. The air in the neighbourhood is -considered to be very healthy. No such density of population exists in -any one locality which might be supposed to produce a prejudicial effect -on the salubrity of the atmosphere. Therefore, as far as local -advantages could be depended upon, every thing tended to encourage the -idea, that the parish was not so liable to be infected with the cholera -as many other places. - -Up to the month of July, 1832, when that disease was making fearful havoc -at Plymouth and the adjoining towns, a flattering hope was still -entertained that, by the mercy of God, we should escape. But it pleased -Him “who ordereth all things with infinite wisdom,” and “whose ways are -past finding out,” that it should be otherwise; and on the 13th of July, -the first instance of a case of the cholera in the parish, occurred at -Underwood. - -It must not be supposed, however, that no precautionary steps had been -taken. The great importance and necessity of sanatory measures had been -felt and acted upon in the neighbourhood, long before. A public meeting, -especially convened for that purpose, was held at Ridgeway, on the 8th of -November, 1831. The principal gentlemen of the parish were present. A -Board of Health was formed; and the immediate attention of the board was -directed to the following objects:— - -“1. The state of the highways, dung pits, and gutters. -“2. The state of the houses of the poor, as regards whitewashing, -ventilation, and bedding. -“3. The providing common necessaries, and requisite medicines. -“4. The engaging (provisionally, so as to be able to enter it at a -moment’s warning) a proper house, to be used as a hospital; or, -otherwise, to arrange with adjoining parishes for a joint occupation of -any such convenient building; so that the distance for the removal of the -sick should be as small as possible. -“5. That two members of the board (to be arranged among themselves) do -daily take the duty of superintending the due execution of the above -regulations. -“6. That a subscription be forthwith entered into for the above -purposes. -“7. That the Rev. W. I. COPPARD be requested to act as treasurer and -secretary.” - -A subscription was immediately raised; and the measure, as far as it was -practicable, was carried into effect under the superintendence of those -gentlemen who were members of the committee, at the villages which were -contiguous to their respective residences. - -During the month of November, the poor who whitewashed their dwellings, -in compliance with the recommendation of the committee, were paid for the -time they had lost. Lime was conveyed to their houses, and delivered to -them free of expense. If unable to use the whitewash themselves, masons -were employed for them. - -All heaps of manure, &c., which had been accumulated near -dwelling-houses, were removed; drains were cleansed, and some enlarged. -In several instances, blankets were supplied to those whose bedding was -in a bad state, or too scanty. - -Thus far, sanatory measures were adopted more than eight months before -any symptoms of the disease appeared in the parish. - -From this time to the month of July, 1832, it pleased God, in mercy, to -spare us. The pestilence, however, was raging far and near. The dark -and threatening cloud still lowered around. But months passed on; until, -at last, it approached with awful warning. Then “fearfulness and -trembling came upon us.” And “in the time of trouble we called upon the -Lord.” Then were acknowledged “the neglect of God’s ordinances, the -misuse of his bounties, and the offences which had been multiplied in the -land.” - -As, long before this, temporal precautions had been resorted to, with the -hope that, under the blessing of God, they might be instrumental towards -the averting of the impending danger; so, trembling penitents also -sought, in humble prayer, the only effectual remedy to assist in setting -their spiritual house in order,—the merciful aid of a pardoning God, -through the merits and intercession of a crucified Saviour. Humbled to -the dust, under a sense of sin and unworthiness, which now appeared in -fearful reality, they pleaded for mercy before the Throne of Grace, -comforted by the promise of their Heavenly Advocate, “Whosoever cometh -unto me, I will in no wise cast out.” They fled in earnest to the “Rock -of Ages,” for shelter from the storm. Having been thus prepared for the -approaching trial, when it did fall on them, they experienced a merciful -answer to their cry for help, and were supported in their last hour; for -the nearer death approached, it was, in numerous instances, met with -resignation, tranquillity, and peace. - -When we ponder these things, and reflect upon the uncertainty of life, -whether exhibited in the ordinary or the extraordinary course of nature, -we cannot but feel how important it is to cherish within us a spirit of -watchfulness and prayer. This, by the blessing of God, and the merits of -the Saviour, will disarm death of its sting, and dispel, or at least -mitigate, the fears which assail us in the time of danger. Amidst the -varying scenes of life, this frame of mind carries a blessing with it; -and, when we are about to quit them, it will bring us peace at the last. - -“Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.” - -“Blessed are those servants whom the Lord when he cometh shall find -watching.” - -God grant that the recollection of the fearful events which the following -plain narrative recalls, may revive, and render permanent, not the -terrors of the mere outward circumstances, but the pious vows and -resolutions which accompanied them. - -It may be necessary here to remark, in reference to the prominent -allusion, in the following pages, to the writer himself, that in the -details of a Diary it could not be avoided. A panic had spread in the -neighbourhood, from a conviction that the disease was not only epidemic, -but contagious. The consequence was, that all intercourse between the -inhabitants of other villages with Underwood, was either prohibited, or -avoided as much as possible. As one proof of this, a servant in another -part of the parish, who went to Underwood to see a relation, at a house -where there was no sickness, was immediately discharged. - -Thus the difficulty of obtaining assistance, and of providing nurses, was -lamentably increased. The sick and dying, who had no one to help them, -sought their minister, as their only earthly friend: and in the closing -scenes of their existence, they called aloud for his presence. Such an -appeal, both to the common feelings of humanity, as well as to one of the -highest obligations of a Christian minister, could not be otherwise than -irresistible. There is nothing remarkable, therefore, in the -circumstance of a clergyman, residing close to the village afflicted with -such an awful visitation, having endeavoured to render all the assistance -in his power, independently of attending to the important duties of his -sacred office. Who, among the clergy, would not have done the same, in a -similar case of emergency? Many names are on record, of those who -exerted all their energies, in a manner far more valuable and important. - -When we recollect the scenes at Bilston, Sedgly, Plymouth, and other -populous districts, where the epidemic spread among thousands, it is -evident that the labour and exertion of those whose duty called upon them -to attend the sick, must have been past description. Few, under such -circumstances, had an opportunity of remaining any great length of time -to watch the progress of particular cases, or of taking minutes of them. -But where the disease was confined within narrower limits, and not more -than two or three hundred had been affected by it, the difficulty of -taking notes became proportionably less. This has probably been done in -many instances, which, at present, have not been made known. But it has -been strongly urged that the publication of them might be highly useful; -as an opportunity would be thus afforded for those who are the most -competent for the undertaking, to compare the details of variation of -character, which this extraordinary disease may have exhibited under -different circumstances; and by these means to arrive at some additional -conclusions as to how far it has resisted or yielded to the application -of particular modes of treatment. - -The _Christian Observer_ (No. 381, Sept. 1833, page 511) expresses this -opinion in the following words:— - - “It might be well if clergymen, or other persons, would draw up a - record of any remarkable circumstances, in their respective - vicinities, connected with the visitation. These local narratives - would form valuable notices towards a history of this mysterious - disease. - - “It would not be uninteresting to compare the memoranda, moral and - physical, of an inland manufacturing town like Bilston, suffering - under the affliction, with those of a scattered rural district, or a - seaport population, such as that of Plymouth, which the disease - visited with almost unexampled rigour.” - - - - -EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY, -&c. - - -1832, _July_ 13. Mellonia Thorn (who came from Plymouth, where the -cholera was prevailing, on Wednesday, the 11th, in perfect health, to -Underwood, on a visit to her daughter, Mary Pepperall), after a few -hours’ illness, died this evening of that disease. I called to see her, -but she was too near her end to derive benefit or consolation from any -one. - -So sudden was the attack which seized this poor woman, that the greatest -dismay and confusion prevailed among the inmates of the house. She rose -in the morning, apparently quite well, and was occupied during the day, -until three o’clock, p.m., in ironing her son’s linen. About this time, -she complained of sickness, and in less than half-an-hour, other symptoms -of cholera followed with fearful rapidity. - -While she was in this state, a neighbour called to see her, and advised -her to try the effect of _brandy_. _Her friends followed this advice_, -_and gave her half a glass of brandy every ten minutes or quarter of an -hour_, _until she had taken half a pint_. - -Between six and seven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy {14} arrived. But the -second or cold stage had come on. The poor woman was more tranquil than -she had been, but much exhausted, and harassed by continual thirst. The -disease progressed so rapidly, that it baffled every effort to afford -relief. Various remedies were tried, without the least effect. A vein -was opened,—no blood flowed,—it was congealed,—and, gradually, between -nine and ten o’clock, the poor sufferer ceased to breathe. - -The news of this fearfully sudden death soon spread through the parish. -Many a heart, with anxious throb, sickened under gloomy forebodings; and -many lips, hitherto unaccustomed to prayer, began to seek, through that -neglected resource, the mercy of God. - -_July_ 14. The funeral of Mellonia Thorn took place to-day. The advice, -that as few persons as possible should be present, was strictly attended -to. Two only, besides the bearers, were there! and, in the stillness of -a lovely summer eve,—no sound interrupting the sublime burial service of -our Church, and with an increased solemnity, consequent upon such an -awakening occasion,—the mortal remains of this first victim of the -cholera in our parish were consigned to the grave! - -_July_ 27. John Gulley, of Underwood, aged fifty-three, died this -afternoon. He was unwell a few days; but thought that, as his -indisposition was unaccompanied by pain, it was of no importance. -Medical aid was not called in, until he had fallen into the second stage -of cholera; and he was rapidly carried off. - -_July_ 28. Having been informed that precautionary measures were much -required at the house where John Gulley died, I went there, enquired for -the family, and gave directions for fumigating the rooms, the use of -chloride of lime, &c. - -When I quitted this house, some poor people implored me to go to Edward -Tretheway’s cottage (situate very near John Gulley’s), to see his -daughter, a little girl, ten years of age, who was “in a dying state.” -She was much beloved by the neighbours; and several women were standing -in groups about the house, anxiously enquiring about her. She was also -an object of more than ordinary interest to myself, as she was one of the -best-behaved children in our Sunday School. - -On entering the cottage, the alarm of the family was manifested in the -neglected state of every thing around,—tea-things scattered about the -table—the homely meal left half-finished—by the fire-side, a poor man was -endeavouring to pacify two or three frightened children—some women who -had called to assist their neighbour, stood aghast, incapable of doing -any thing. The afflicted mother pointed to the stairs, and begged me -hasten to see the child before it was too late. In the room above, the -scene was very affecting. The poor little creature was on a bed, with -her clothes on, supported on her weeping father’s arm—her countenance -collapsed, and her hands characterized by all the signs of the second -stage of cholera,—no indication of pulse—scarcely a sign of life—from all -appearances, the disease had secured its prey. - -That no time might be lost before the arrival of Mr. Langworthy, who had -been sent for, I recommended that she should be immediately undressed, -and placed between hot blankets; and I went home for some medicines, {18} -blankets, &c. Mr. Langworthy came, and the application of friction was -adopted with apparent success, as indications of returning animation were -shortly visible, but not of warmth about the body. On recovering her -recollection, and being timid of strangers, she could not be prevailed -upon to take any thing except from myself. I left her for a short time, -to attend the funeral of John Gulley. When I returned, a hot-air bath -had been procured, and a fair trial given to it; but the only effect -produced was a profuse, but cold, perspiration. The harassing symptoms -of the disease were not subdued. Every thing was tried which human aid -could suggest to relieve her, but she was rapidly sinking. - -Mr. L. requested me to remain with her during his absence, which was -unavoidably prolonged two hours. When he returned, she was sensible, and -free from pain; but no warmth could be produced. About twelve o’clock, -her countenance suddenly resumed its natural appearance—her eyes, their -intelligence. I took her hand, which she held out to me. The icy chill -seemed to have yielded in a slight degree. We thought the crisis was -over, and that she was on the recovery; but, in an instant—without a -sigh—without even a lengthened breath—her eyes were glazed! and her -gentle spirit winged its flight, I trust, to that blessed Lord, who said, -“Suffer little children to come unto me, and forbid them not; for of such -is the kingdom of heaven.” - -I called the parents aside, before they were conscious of what had -happened, and remained conversing with them, until their minds were -sufficiently tranquillized to offer up an evening prayer, in which all -the family devoutly joined; and at one in the morning, I concluded my -pastoral visit, sincerely sympathizing with that poor family. - -_July_ 29. Ann Tretheway, aged ten years, was buried. - -_July_ 30. Edward, the father of Ann Tretheway, taken ill. Mr. -Langworthy having been sent for to attend another patient, in compliance -with his wish, and under his directions, I watched the case, as it was of -a serious nature, attended with incessant sickness, diarrhea, -considerable cramp, weakness, and slight discoloration of the fingers and -nails. - -Five fresh cases reported. - -_July_ 31. All the patients going on favourably. - -_August_ 1. Edward Tretheway slightly salivated, but much better. Very -sensible of the mercy he has experienced, and devoutly thankful. May the -impression, arising from the death of their child, and the man’s own -recovery from the threatened danger, never be obliterated from the minds -of this family. - -_August_ 2. No new cases. - -_August_ 3. Several people came in the morning for castor oil, rhubarb, -&c. Went to Venton and Lee-Mill-Bridge, to see some people who were ill. - -_August_ 4. At ten, a.m., sent for to William Williams, aged -thirty-nine, at Underwood. His wife, in great distress, said he had been -very ill on the preceding day, and all the night. _He had tried to stop -the pain in his bowels with hot brandy and water_, and peppermint; but he -had derived no relief. After eighteen hours’ sickness, the medical -gentleman who always attended the family had been sent for. When he -arrived, he did not consider the symptoms serious; but, being summoned to -a very bad case, he went away, merely ordering the patient to be kept -warm until his return. He had been gone two hours; and during that -interval the poor man had fallen into the second stage of cholera. - -Much valuable time having already elapsed, it was suggested that active -measures should be immediately commenced, to restore warmth, if possible. -Mustard poultices and friction, as in other cases, were then adopted. He -was quite sensible; and, appearing somewhat easier, on being asked how he -felt, he shook his head, saying, “It is a bad business: I shall never get -over it.” He had become much weaker, and was perfectly aware of his -danger. It was proposed that we should again address ourselves, in -prayer, to the Throne of Grace. This, he most earnestly desired; his -wife and aged mother, at the same time, kneeling by the bed, seeking -refuge where alone it could be found. It was a sad and solemn scene,—no -ray of hope that he would recover. These poor afflicted people, however, -derived much comfort from having thus lifted up their sorrowing hearts in -prayer to their God and Saviour; and they became more composed and -resigned. - -As medical advice had been procured, we did not feel justified in having -recourse to other remedies than those of the simplest kind, our object -being merely to allay, or prevent, suffering. When the medical attendant -returned, he was much surprised to find the disease had made such a rapid -and fatal progress. He ordered the patient to be immersed in cold water. -This could be borne only one minute. The poor creature was sinking; and -shortly afterwards he died. - -The death of this man created great sympathy among the people of the -village; many with tears lamenting the sudden loss of a quiet and -respected neighbour. At the same time, increased alarm became very -apparent throughout the little community around. - -The neighbourhood was now considered to be infected with the awful -disease. After the sad scene at this house, every precaution, to prevent -it from spreading, was promptly attended to. Chloride of lime was -abundantly used, and the rooms were whitewashed. - -On the opposite side of the road, a woman, named Honey, was labouring -under a serious attack of the disease. Several persons, from different -houses, came to me and entreated me to step in, if only for one minute, -to see a husband, a wife, or a child, who were unwell. This arose, not -only from an anxiety for spiritual comfort; but, in many instances, from -an apprehension of danger, on the least indication of indisposition, and -a wish to know how to proceed, if medical advice could not be immediately -obtained. - -_Sunday_, _August_ 5. As I passed through Underwood before the morning -service, I visited Michael Mc. Kenny, who had been taken suddenly ill -yesterday, whilst at work. The disease was gaining ground—Mr. Langworthy -away from home, and his return uncertain; therefore, I adopted the same -course which he had previously recommended me to pursue under similar -circumstances. - -A larger congregation than usual assembled at the Church, both parts of -the day; and, although our services are generally observed with strict -propriety, upon this occasion, a death-like stillness, and a marked -solemnity of deportment prevailed. About double the usual number also -availed themselves of the opportunity of receiving the Holy Communion. -If the serious contemplation, that the fearful visitation, with which it -has pleased God in his infinite wisdom to afflict our land, has now -entered within the borders of our parish, and approached the threshold of -our own homes—if the awful and sudden death of our near neighbours has -awakened us to a sense of our mortality, and the uncertainty of our own -lives—if this has added to the number of sincere worshippers in the -sanctuary, and touched the hearts of the careless with a sense, not only -of the danger of the perishable body, but especially of their immortal -souls, thereby leading them to sincere repentance,—then this very -dispensation at the hand of God, though an affliction heavy to be borne -by poor, weak, sinful mortals, will be acknowledged to have been a -blessing in disguise; and, although a severe chastisement to hundreds, a -dispensation of mercy to tens of thousands. - -May God, in mercy, hear the devout prayers of his people, which have been -offered up this day. - -After the services were ended, two fresh cases were reported, at -Underwood. At Hurrell’s cottage, which joins that where Williams died, -John Hurrell and his wife Jane, both aged twenty-seven, were in bed, very -ill, with undoubted symptoms of cholera. At first, they expressed the -greatest terror; but, having raised their thoughts to Him who is “mighty -to save,” and being no strangers to religious habits, or the happiness -which ever accompanies the true Christian in the exercise of religious -duties, they soon became more tranquil, and could feel the truth of the -words, “Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace whose mind is stayed on thee, -because he trusted in thee.” - -Medical assistance had been obtained. I was obliged to leave them for a -time to attend the funeral of Wm. Williams. - -_August_ 6. Called between five and six in the morning, to go to Hurl’s, -at Underwood. The man and his wife were in great distress; their eldest -child, a fine boy, six years of age, being in a decided state of -collapse. Before Mr. L.’s arrival, every thing requisite for such a case -of emergency was prepared; but the sickness, &c., was so incessant, and -the prostration of strength increased so rapidly, little hope could be -entertained of his recovery. I endeavoured, as far as I could, to -comfort the afflicted parents. - -At ten o’clock, went to John Andrews’s to see his daughter, whose -symptoms could not be mistaken. As she had medical aid, I returned to -Hurl’s. Mr. L. was there, and we both went to see West, who had been -unwell a few hours, but was becoming seriously ill. Mr. L. took a very -small quantity of blood from him. West then expressed a desire to avail -himself of the present opportunity to offer up a prayer to God. - -We returned to Hurl’s. The little boy was much worse; but quite -sensible, and very patient, though suffering much from cramp. At twelve -o’clock, I went again to Andrews’s. The little girl relieved as to -sickness, and other symptoms much mitigated. Went home for medicines, -and was afterwards occupied at the houses of Hurl, Andrews, and West, all -near neighbours, until late in the afternoon. At five o’clock, Hurl’s -child died. - -A messenger came in haste, begging me instantly to go to the western end -of the village to see William Parsons, as he was in a fearful state of -suffering, and no one could be induced to go near the house to help the -family. On entering this cottage, the scene was truly appalling. The -room inhabited by the family, consisting of the man, his wife, and five -children, is sixteen feet by fourteen—two beds in it, and on the ground -floor—every thing indicating poverty and confusion. The man, aged -thirty-nine, lay on his bed, an object horrifying to the -beholder,—writhing in torture from the cramp, and groaning dreadfully—his -countenance much distorted—his flesh ashy blue—his fingers puckered and -twisted, and his nails purple—his knees drawn up to his chin! - -Medicine had been left, with directions, by Mr. L., who had been called -away to other patients. Only one nurse could be found. A child, three -years old, in a cradle in a corner of the room, discoloured and cold, put -aside, by the mother and nurse as in a hopeless state, as “just dead.” I -applied a mustard poultice to the pit of the stomach of the poor man, who -was shrieking in agony; but he would not permit it to remain on five -minutes. We rubbed his arms with a stimulating liniment. I gave him the -medicine which was ordered. This frightful scene before me, and the -offensive effluvia in this wretched place, overcame me. I thought I must -have retreated from it; but if I had done so, the whole family must have -perished, the case having been reported so malignant, that no one, -excepting the two medical attendants, together with Susan Taylor, and one -neighbour, who called occasionally, would venture near them. - -An effort was made to revive the child, as by holding a piece of a broken -looking glass to its mouth, it appeared that she still breathed. - -A faggot having been obtained from a neighbour, a large fire was made up. -The child was put between hot blankets, and brought near to the fire, and -well rubbed. After a short time, some saline mixture trickled down her -throat. In the course of three hours, she turned in her cradle, and the -discoloured appearance of her body began to wear away. At intervals I -attended to the father, and whenever he became tranquil, we had resource -to prayer. He gave himself up; and it was extremely difficult to -persuade him to take any medicine. - -I went away to see the Hurrells,—both better,—then returned to Parsons. -Susan Taylor remained, by my request, to assist as a nurse. The house -was in a state of utter destitution. Not a morsel of food,—no fire, -before the faggot was procured. Those necessaries which were immediately -required, were provided from a neighbouring shop. The poor man was -evidently sinking, and his end fast approaching; but his sufferings had -been considerably diminished during the last three or four hours. The -child was better. Upon observing a sudden change for the worse in her -husband, his wife fainted; and the scene altogether of distress and -terror was appalling. After awhile, the poor woman revived. - -At twelve o’clock, I went to a neighbouring cottage, wrote a letter to -the overseers, and sent it off. I entreated them to do something to save -the lives of others, by adopting requisite measures for the speedy -removal of the dead, as well as of every other cause which might increase -the violence of the disease. I stated the circumstances at Parsons’s -house, and that the man would most probably be a corpse before my letter -was concluded. I returned home at one, a.m., very unwell, and so -fatigued and excited, I could not sleep. - -_August_ 7. At six o’clock in the morning a messenger requested me to go -to Underwood, several new cases having occurred. I was informed, that as -soon as I left Parsons’s, the two Messrs. Langworthy arrived, and that -the poor man lived about half-an-hour afterwards. Mary Pepperall (the -daughter of M. Thorn, deceased) sent for me; she was in a state of -extreme agitation, and was labouring under severe symptoms of cholera. -She had taken calomel and ginger, in small doses. In accordance with the -suggestions of Mr. L., I gave her powdered rhubarb and ginger, and at -intervals, to allay sickness, carbonate of soda, salvolatile, &c. She -appeared to be much relieved from pain, and expressed herself grateful in -the highest degree. - -Saw Richard Gullett, aged seventy-two. This was an aggravated case: he -was much distressed with cramp, and had no interval of rest. I merely -assisted the medical attendant, Mr. Osmond, in administering such things -as he ordered. From thence I went to Hurrell’s: his wife was worse, -suffering much from continual sickness and the cramp, and in a profuse -perspiration, approaching to the cold damp of the second stage of -cholera,—the husband, also, harassed by sickness, &c. complained of -violent pain at the pit of the stomach, and was becoming very restless. - -When I contemplated this couple,—both ill in bed, and, in the prime of -life, dreading a rapid dissolution, afflicted with the agonizing thought -that no friend dared to approach their dwelling to afford them -consolation, and appalled at the hasty manner in which the poor victims -of the disease are necessarily consigned to the grave,—a feeling of the -deepest commiseration for the wretched sufferers weighed heavily on my -spirits. And when I observed the wistful glance directed towards me, as -if my countenance could be the index of their fate, the responsibility of -my situation pressed with redoubled force upon my mind; and though “in -the midst of life I was in death,” having cast myself upon the mercy of -God for “help in the time of need,” I became strengthened in my -resolution, that, in dependence upon Divine aid, I would devote myself, -to the utmost of my power, to the service of my poor dying parishioners. - -I remained at Hurrell’s, as they required constant attendance, and they -had no nurse at that time. Towards the evening, both were better. They -had applied for medical advice in the earliest period of their attack. -In their habits they are remarkably cleanly. Besides this, the -satisfactory state of their minds upon religious subjects dispelled much -of their alarm, particularly after they had received the Holy Communion. - -Andrews’s little girl, much better. Richard Gullett, in a dying state. - -_August_ 8. Hurrell and his wife both convalescent, though slightly -salivated. Six new cases, with alarming symptoms. Many people applied -for “something to stop the sickness,” &c. The disease appeared to have -spread all over the village. - -Richard Gullett, buried. I visited Peggy Andrews’s daughter, and several -cholera patients, all anxious for spiritual as well as medical -assistance. Ann Parsons and her child very ill. Mary Pepperall, much -better. Jane Hurrell, convalescent. - -Here, it may not be out of place to mention, that, during the last month, -I had been preparing candidates for confirmation. - -_August_ 9. The Bishop arrived, at the time appointed, for that purpose. -Eight hundred young persons entered into that sacred rite,—a ceremony -which, in too many instances, is lamentably abused, notwithstanding all -the precautions of the most vigilant ministerial care. Upon the present -occasion, a subdued tone in their deportment was manifest throughout the -congregation. I was relieved from great anxiety when all was finished. -Men were stationed at each approach to Underwood and Colebrook, to -prevent the young people from going to the villages and loitering there; -to avoid the possibility of any risk of spreading the prevalent disease. -When all had left for their homes, I went to Parsons’s, where I had been -summoned in haste, as there were three fresh cases of cholera. - -On entering this ill-fated cottage, the scene was quite sickening. On -the same bed where the husband had died, I now beheld his widow and her -mother (Mary Pote, aged 77) in a state of collapse, and two children in -cradles, apparently dying! No medical aid was then at hand, though Mr. -L. had been there, and left directions to guide my proceedings until he -could return. The widow at first resisted taking any medicine. After -some persuasion, however, she consented, if I would give it to her; but -she positively refused to take it from any one else. The old woman, poor -creature! was in agony from cramp; and her appearance was quite -appalling. A more striking picture of despair than that which was -depicted in her discoloured, shrivelled, and distorted features, cannot -be imagined. Recourse was immediately had to friction, with stimulating -liniments; mustard and vinegar poultices, &c. were applied, which in some -measure alleviated her sufferings; but after two hours’ incessant but -ineffectual hard work by two nurses to restore warmth in the system, she -rapidly sunk, and expired. The bedding was changed, and the daughter -Jane, aged ten, who had suddenly become collapsed, occupied the vacant -place beside her mother, who was still labouring under the disease. This -poor girl clenched her teeth, and resolutely refused any medicine. I -left this fearful scene for half-an-hour, to visit E. Honey and her -child. The woman was better; but the child, aged nine, was dying. -Through ignorance of the danger of neglect, the parents had allowed the -child to fall into the second stage, without having previously applied -for medical assistance. The poor little creature was lying quite cold, -in its scanty night-dress, _on_ the bed, _uncovered_. The woman herself -was salivated. The room was in such a filthy state it could scarcely be -tolerated. - -On returning to Parsons’s, Ann Parsons had suddenly become much -worse—cold—quite collapsed. Her daughter Jane, aged ten, in the same -bed, sinking rapidly, the other two children, very bad, requiring -constant attention,—all complaining of insatiable thirst. The room -shockingly offensive. Chloride of lime—burnt vinegar—burnt tar were -used. This scene lasted till eleven at night,—then Mr. Langworthy came. - -_The effluvia in this room was so especially offensive_, _that we thought -there must be some particular cause for it_. _In the centre of the -floor_, _which is paved with slate_, _I perceived an opening between the -slates_, _and upon asking the reason of the chasm_, _being apparently -deep_, _the mystery was solved_. _A drain_, _which was choked with every -description of filth_, _passed across the room_, _under the floor_! -_Here was a reply to the wonder_, _why the disease was of a species so -much more aggravated_, _and attended with circumstances so much more -awfully terrific in this house than in others_. _It is only wonderful -how any family could have taken their meals_, _and slept in such a -vitiated atmosphere_, _without having been swept off before by some -malignant disease_. - -_August_ 10. Scarcely slept during the night. Sent a mason early to -take up the slates at Parsons’s house, to clean the gutter, and fill it -with quick-lime. Gave orders to masons for cleansing and whitewashing -other rooms where it was required. Some nuisances were removed at -Colebrook. - -Parsons’s daughter had died in the night. Her mother not worse;—so much -remaining strength, we hoped she might weather the disease. This would -be almost miraculous, as three individuals had already died in the same -bed, where she herself lay in a state of collapse! - -Another case of cholera in the room! Old Mary Parsons, suddenly seized -with violent internal pain. She came, in health, from the town of -Plympton, to assist her dying relations. In a very short time, her -sufferings were excessive, the cramp was indomitable. Some cases -appeared to be of a much more aggravated character than others; and the -reason why it has been particularly so at this devoted cottage was -solved, at least to us, last night. The change of colour, in these cases -was appalling. - -Jane Paddon, aged seventy-five, a near neighbour, had been seized with -the fearful malady about two hours—quite sensible—far advanced in -confirmed cholera—gave herself up, and at her particular desire partook -of the Holy Communion. - -Richard Woods very ill, much excited and alarmed—his mother and wife in a -state of extreme agitation—Mr. Langworthy present—we all knelt around the -bed—a solemn scene it was; but it brought consolation with it—the poor -afflicted family became more tranquil. The symptoms were serious, and -recourse was had to medicine as soon as possible. - -As we were quitting this house, a messenger came, in great haste, for -advice as to what should be done, in a case which had occurred at -Ridgeway. A poor woman had been taken suddenly ill in a waggon, which -was at the George Inn, and she was in the cold stage of the cholera. Mr. -Langworthy could not at that moment quit a patient who was in a truly -distressing state. - -I hastened immediately to the George Inn, and found the report to be too -true. The poor creature was lifted out of the waggon by the ostler, -William Webb, and carried to a building which had been fitted up as a -Hospital, near the Inn. - -This forlorn and pitiable object was the widow of a sergeant in the 22nd -regiment, who had died of cholera a few days before in the citadel at -Plymouth. Her name was Ellen Higgins, {42} thirty-five years of age. -She had a pass for herself and four children; and they were on their way -to Cork. Soon after leaving Plymouth, she was seized with pain in the -bowels and sickness. One of her fellow-travellers gave her some brandy, -which was repeated on arriving at Ridgeway. - -Mr. L. soon arrived, and every possible attention was paid to her. Owing -to continued cramp, it was difficult to obtain from her any satisfactory -information as to her wishes. The fatal symptoms rapidly increased, and -her darkened features became wild; her eyes stared with an expression of -frenzy; her pulse had ceased to beat; and her flesh had assumed that -peculiar livid hue, so characteristic of the disease. As calmness, -attended by a perfect clearness of intellect, often preceded the last -moments in these afflicting cases, I felt it to be my duty to remain with -this suffering and friendless stranger, as there might be a chance of -affording her spiritual assistance. That moment did arrive, and she -faintly expressed her desire to offer up a prayer to God. She cared -about nothing, during that short interval, but the salvation of her soul. -And to her Great Redeemer she appealed in accents so tremulous, so -pitiously imploring for mercy, and yet so full of a blessed assurance of -His willingness to save a repentant sinner, that I firmly believe “His -atoning blood has cleansed her from all sin;” and that her soul now rests -in peace! Her children came into the room, but she heeded them not—her -care about every thing earthly had passed away—the poor little orphans -were removed, to be taken care of—Ellen Higgins was no more! - -On quitting the Hospital, and this heartrending scene, a note was -delivered to me from a medical gentleman, stating he had “just been at -Parsons’s house, at Underwood, to see more particularly old Mary Parsons. -What a melancholy scene to witness! A place more likely to propagate the -disease will scarcely be found, and on the ground floor too! The sight -quite sickened me. Charles Taylor, brought home at two o’clock, is -already in a state of collapse. I have sent to Mr. Langworthy to inform -him of this, as I think he ought to be very actively treated.” - -I was requested to lose no time in going to Charles Taylor, {45} as “he -was dying,” and the case was represented as being most urgent. The -sultry heat of the weather increased the great exhaustion and fatigue by -which I was almost overpowered; and I despaired of being able to get to -Underwood in time. A gig happened, at that moment, to be standing at the -George Inn. To the owner, I was a stranger; but I briefly told him the -sad tale, and he unhesitatingly lent it to me. In a few minutes I was at -the cottage. Mr. Langworthy arrived at the same time. What were our -feelings upon entering the room! At that instant the poor sufferer -breathed his last! Such a combination of fearful calamity was quite -overwhelming! Poor Susan Taylor, now a widow, fell down on the window -seat, in a paroxysm of grief. At such a moment, talking to her would -have been in vain. Sarah Taylor, her husband’s sister, was there as an -assistant. We sat some little time without uttering a word. The solemn -silence was interrupted only by the sobs of her who had just been bereft -of the object upon whom she depended for comfort and support, or by a -sigh from those around. - -May the lessons which must have reached the heart at such a time, never -be erased. The uncertainty of life—the necessity of watchfulness—the -duty of Christian sympathy,—our own utter helplessness, when it is the -will of God to afflict us—our sole dependence upon His Almighty aid;—all -these, and many more such reflections, pressed upon the mind; and well -will it be for those who receive them into their hearts, as seed sown by -the Holy Spirit, to bring forth fruit unto righteousness. The poor widow -endeavoured to rush to the bed where her husband lay; and would have -thrown herself upon his cold and discoloured corpse. She said she valued -not her life. We talked to her—we endeavoured to reason with her. She -was absorbed in grief; and, in the bitterness of bereavement, said she -had no friend—no earthly friend—no where to lay her head—no one would -take her into their house. She again made an effort to throw herself -upon the bed. This could not be permitted. Every argument was used to -direct her thoughts to a merciful God, who “will not suffer us to be -tried above that we are able to bear,” and who “tempers the wind to the -shorn lamb.” She was directed where to go, and where she might remain, -at least for a time, until her relations could arrange some plan for her -to earn a livelihood. We were next called to the miserable apartment -below, where Mary Parsons, aged sixty-nine, had just died. We remained -some time with that family; the other patients exhibiting no indication -of improvement. - -Called to visit Jane Paddon, suddenly worse—her end fast -approaching—quite sensible—refused to take any medicine, and gave herself -up. She was quite happy in her mind, and lifted up her heart with the -greatest earnestness in prayer to God, not to prolong her life, but to -take her to himself. After visiting Woods and other patients, Mr. -Langworthy went home with me at eleven at night. - -Susan Taylor had been to the adjoining town of Plympton, {48} to her -sister, Mary Taylor, where she was persuaded by her friends to remain the -night. Mr. L. left me at twelve. Both of us unwell. My own -indisposition, during the day, I had attributed to the effect of fatigue; -but sickness, cramp, &c. ensued so violently, that, at one in the -morning, I was obliged to send for him to return. He was astonished at -the serious character of the attack and the progress it had made. The -usual remedies were at hand. He immediately gave me twenty grains of -calomel; and, in an hour afterwards, an ounce of castor oil, with two -drachms of tincture of rhubarb. - -_August_ 11. {50} By the mercy of God and the timely recourse to -medicine, the disease was repelled. At noon I attended the funeral of -Ellen Higgins. It was a sickening office. Owing to the heat of the -weather, the lid of the coffin had started. Went to the poor afflicted -people at Underwood. Parsons’s boy, aged eight, who had held Mr. Richard -Langworthy’s horse at six a.m., was dying, at noon! Visited the -hospital, and returned home through Underwood. Charles Taylor and Mary -Parsons, buried. After a few hours’ rest, at half-past eight in the -evening, I was summoned in haste to visit William Gully—much worse than -yesterday—great consternation among the inmates of the house. - -So great had been the mortality, in defiance of the treatment which he -had hitherto pursued, that Mr. Langworthy at length determined in this -case to try a remedy which had been adopted by many eminent -practitioners; viz.,—the injecting some principal vein with saline fluid. -He accordingly arranged his instruments on a little table near the -window. The poor wife was crying near the fire-place. The occupation -assigned to me, of preparing hot water, adjusting pans, basins, &c. to be -in readiness for injecting the vein, was immediately commenced. Susan -Gully, the patient’s sister, and his wife’s two sisters were standing by, -watching Mr. L.’s proceedings with peculiar interest, but they preserved -a strict silence. A low and lengthened moan arrested our attention; and -then a frightfully convulsive shriek issued from above. I had nearly -prepared the saline fluid {52} for injection; and was requested to be -ready as quickly as possible. Mr. L. was afraid to trust any one else, -lest a mistake should occur. - -Hurried footsteps were now heard on the winding stairs, which were -between the fire-place and the window. “He’s gone! sir,—he’s gone!” was -exclaimed, with a trembling, hysterical voice. Both the Messrs. -Langworthy and myself were obliged to summon all our resolution. The -wife and children around us,—one ill in its weeping mother’s arms, -frightened, not knowing why—the others staring at us, aware that -something was being done which appeared to them to be fearful. The -sister, the friend—all with their eyes intently rivetted upon us, as if -life and death depended upon our exertions! This was natural. How many -have watched the countenance of the physician when a much-loved life was -pending! A piece of bread was given to one of the children, to pacify -it,—a part, perhaps, of the last loaf earned by its poor father’s labour! -Rapidly as some such thoughts rushed upon the mind, we did not remit our -work, and every thing was ready. We were quickly by the side of the -sufferer. From all appearances, the accounts were too well founded. No -pulse,—Is he quite gone? The eye moved,—he tried to raise himself—looked -at us—and, recognizing me, gave me his hand, but could not speak. He -knew what was said, and held out his arm. The vein was opened—no blood -flowed—it was empty. He uttered a low moan, looked at his arm, and shook -his head. His wife, with breathless anxiety, appeared at the door: we -persuaded her to retire. The warm fluid was placed on the window-seat -near the bed. It was again tried by the thermometer. Eight quarts were -ready, and the process of injecting the vein was commenced. The greater -portion entered. The breathing of the patient became laborious, and the -pulse returned. Violent sickness ensued. Some weak gruel, with a -teaspoonful of brandy mixed in it, quieted the sickness. The poor man -began to speak. In a low whisper, thanked God—thanked us—and said he -felt as if he should recover. At eleven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy returned -home with me, as both of us required rest. - -_August_ 12. {54} Gully relapsed, and was as nearly in a dying state as -before. Saline fluid was again resorted to. I prepared above a gallon; -but, upon this occasion, about three quarts only were injected. Mr. -Langworthy having expressed a wish that he could obtain a pint of blood -for the purpose of injecting it, Sarah Gully, the sister, offered to be -blooded; but Mr. L. did not consider her sufficiently healthy. Elizabeth -Veale, a sister of Gully’s wife, then came forward, and, having made a -similar offer, some of her blood (about half-a-pint) was transferred into -the patient’s vein, by a well-executed process, conducted by both the -Messrs. Langworthy. The patient recovered his recollection. Sickness -did not come on as it had done after saline fluid only was injected. A -short interval elapsed, during which he appeared to labour considerably -under the action of recovering his breath. He then spoke; and, in the -course of a short time, took gruel. Weak wine and water, warm jelly, &c. -were also given to him in very small quantities. His appearance bore a -more favourable aspect; though his weakness was excessive. Gradually, he -regained a little strength towards the evening. - -Jane Paddon and Edward Parsons were buried. - -My friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, who was on a visit to his brother at -Beechwood, kindly preached for me in the morning and afternoon; and the -Rev. E. B. St. John read the prayers. This friendly assistance enabled -me to visit the sick during the greater part of the day. The -congregations were very small; owing to the absence of some of the -principal families, the sickness of many, or the fear of assembling which -prevailed among others. - -_August_ 13. {56} Visited Mrs. Toope, at Underwood, and her son Stephen, -both very weak. Mary Brown, aged fifty-six, an assistant at the -Hospital, died. Jane Moon, of Colebrook, aged twenty-eight, recovered. -She was taken ill on the 8th. William Gully, better. - -_August_ 14. Several people applied for medicines. After they had been -attended to, I rode to the villages at the eastern end of the parish. -Some poor people, who were invalids, particularly requested to see me. -They were fearful that their sickness was a prelude to the cholera; but -they had no symptoms of that disease. Debility was the chief subject of -their complaint. Where this was the case, strengthening things were -supplied to the poor, out of the subscription fund. - -Susan Taylor’s little girl, aged one year, died of cholera. She was -taken ill on the 11th. Her mother, also, very unwell, with symptoms of -the same disease. Richard Parsons, aged one year and a half, died at the -Hospital. Mary Brown, buried. - -_August_ 15. Richard Parsons, buried. Elizabeth Hill, aged ten, died at -Underwood. Mr. H. attended her in the morning as soon as he was sent -for. The progress of this case was fearfully rapid. The poor child did -not suffer much from pain; she appeared to sink entirely from exhaustion. -No remedy for restoring warmth and circulation had the least effect. - -After visiting sick people at Underwood and at the Hospital, I went in -the evening to see Susan Taylor. She was in the collapsed stage of -cholera. The Messrs. Langworthy were present. It was proposed that the -saline injection should be resorted to, as her pulse had ceased to beat, -and she appeared to be rapidly sinking. I assisted in preparing the warm -fluid. Eight quarts were ready, and seven were injected into the vein. -She revived—the pulse returned—and she seemed to be relieved. We were -occupied a great part of the night with this case. - -_August_ 16. Between nine and ten, a.m., more poor people than usual -applied for medicines, and strengthening things; such as arrow-root, -tapioca, carageen moss, &c. - -The Board of Health met at my house. One principal object of the meeting -was to consider the state of the poor as to diet, both of those who were -slightly indisposed, as well as of those recovering from cholera. It was -resolved to call the especial attention of the parish officers to this -important subject, and to remind them of the fact, that, from the -commencement of the disease in the parish to the present time, all extra -expenses caused by its ravages had been met by the subscription fund, -which was now nearly exhausted. The necessity of increasing the relief -of the poor, especially by some allowance for extra diet under the -present distressing emergency, was strongly urged upon them, in a written -address; under the conviction that, even where the disease did not exist, -an addition to their ordinary support was highly essential. - -As soon as the Board of Health adjourned, I set off for the Hospital, and -on my way there I called to enquire for Susan Taylor. Just as I arrived, -Mary Taylor, the sister, met me at the door, and was sobbing so bitterly, -she could scarcely tell me the cause of her distress. At last she said, -Susan was worse than ever—she could not live ten minutes. Oh! sir, where -is Mr. Langworthy? Well knowing that it was a case in which every moment -was of the utmost importance, I hastened to the Hospital, where we had -appointed to meet. He had not arrived. Having heard that he was at -Underwood, I rode there; and, fortunately, I came up to him as he was in -the act of mounting his horse at Gully’s cottage. In as few words as -possible, I told him my errand. Poor Susan’s life was an object of -peculiar anxiety to us. She had lost her husband and her only child -within a few days; and she had been particularly active and serviceable -as a nurse, in some of the most appalling cases. A very few minutes -elapsed before we were at the house at Plympton. Our horses were sent to -Mr. L.’s, as we knew that, if the patient did not die, we might be -detained some time. Mary Taylor was so unwell, with strong symptoms of -the same disease, Mr. L. gave her medicine, and advised her to remain -below. We ascended the stairs, and at the first moment of entering the -room, we thought it was all over. We found Susan quite cold—as cold as -death—insensible—discoloured,—having no indication of pulse. We had no -person to help us—we had no time to procure assistance. I knew my office -in preparing for a repetition of the expedient of injection. This Mr. L. -at once decided to be the only chance. Whilst he adjusted his -instruments, the syringe, &c., I went below to prepare the fluid. I had -about six quarts ready, and rejoined Mr. L. He was sitting on the bed, -and prepared to open the vein of the patient’s right arm. I held the -wrist, to keep it steady; and having endeavoured to ascertain whether -there was any pulse, the cold blue hand dropped when I let it go. Mr. L. -shook his head, and thought any attempt to restore animation would be -useless. Notwithstanding this, as we could not tell what might be the -effect under the hand of God, even in this most desperate case, I was -ready with the warm mixture. The syringe was applied to the flaccid -vein, which resembled a slight sinew. No blood flowed. To all -appearance it contained nothing but a dark, glutinous, substance, about -the colour and consistency of treacle; not more than a drop of which -could be extracted, after pressing the vein in the usual manner to -produce a flow of blood. Every heave of her labouring chest, seemed to -be the last—weaker—weaker—at less frequent intervals. Never surely was -life nearer extinct. The eyes were set upwards with a fixed and -inanimate expression. We were now ready. I had a thermometer in the -basin, and two jugs, one with the fluid hot, and the other cooler, so as -to keep up the temperature as exactly as possible 110 degrees. The -greatest nicety is also indispensible in using the syringe, which should -be an instrument of the best make, lest a single globule of air should be -injected with the fluid. I have been informed that, if, owing to -unforeseen circumstances this occurs, the consequences would be instantly -fatal. Mr. L. commenced the operation, and the fluid did not return, but -went upward through the vein. Mr. L. whispered, “that is well.” A -breathless silence ensued—one quart was injected—a slight indication of -movement followed;—another quart—and another—a trembling movement of the -eyelid was visible—gradually the ashy hue of death began to recede from -the forehead—then from the cheek—the dawn of returning life appeared; -soon afterwards, the eye changed from its fixed character of -unconsciousness to that of recognition. I ventured to ask, whether, if -blood could be procured, there might not be a better chance of saving the -patient’s life. Mr. L. replied that no one could be found who would -enter the room, much more to spare a pint of blood. Without further loss -of time, I went to a neighbour next door, who had been very attentive to -Susan, and who did not shew indications of fear. She was in the prime of -life, in strong health, and had no family. I told her in as few words as -possible the precarious state of Susan, and that the only apparent chance -of saving her life, was to obtain a pint of blood, to be transferred into -her vein. “Will you consent to spare that quantity? If you have the -least fear about it, do not hesitate to say so.” She instantly replied, -“You may take a quart if it is required.” She went with me into Susan’s -room. Two basins were instantly in readiness, one floating in the other, -in hot water, to prevent the blood from congealing. Mary Chapman’s vein -was opened. The purple stream gushed, and well performed its benevolent -design. This had scarcely been transfused to the amount of half-a-pint, -when the throbbing index of life returned; and what a thrill did it give -us when I was able to pronounce that “the pulse beats distinctly.” But, -at this instant, it was evident by the appearance of the eye, that the -utmost caution was necessary,—to avoid another extreme—apoplexy—to watch -the eye as well as the pulse,—scarcely a pint could be borne—the process -was instantly stayed—and the noble spirited woman was advised to return -as quickly as possible to her own apartment. Her conduct throughout was -heroic and cool to admiration. {65} Now on each side of the bed, Mr. L. -and I took our station. The poor sufferer seemed as one awaking from a -deep sleep. She knew us both, and spoke. - -Mary Taylor, in the room below, very sick and faint, and with other -symptoms of incipient cholera, which appeared to be increased by her fear -about her sister. Every thing was said and done which could be thought -of, to calm her spirits, and to dispel the peculiarly restless anxiety -under which she had laboured some hours. She said she knew she should -have the disease, and it would be the death of her. - -Susan had become very drowsy. Soon afterwards, a violent trembling came -on, this was followed by a profuse perspiration. In about an hour, she -became more tranquil; still requiring the greatest attention—life hanging -by a mere thread. This lasted three hours. Mr. L. then considered it -safe, at her request, to allow her to sleep. Her sleep was as tranquil -as that of an infant, with the exception of a start at intervals. A -nurse having been obtained, she was left under her care, with strict -orders from Mr. L. how to proceed. - -We went to the Hospital, and found the poor people much the same as -yesterday, excepting Sarah Parsons, aged three years, whose case was -hopeless. At seven, p.m., Elizabeth Hill and James Parsons were buried. -Sarah Parsons died during my absence. This was the child already -referred to, as having been “put aside” for dead; but after active -treatment, she had revived, and appeared to be progressing towards -perfect recovery. At the end of a fortnight, a fever attacked her, which -harassed her to such a degree, that she required the constant attendance -of one person. Her mother, slowly mending, exhibited a state of apathy, -almost amounting to stupor, and no wonder; in addition to the effects of -her own severe attack, her mind had received a paralyzing shock, from the -death of her husband and, now, four children! - -After prayers in the sick-ward, I again visited Susan Taylor. She was -going on favourably, but too weak to bear any thing to be said to her. - -_August_ 17. A young person at Merafield, one mile from Underwood, -labouring under a rather severe attack of cholera, somewhat better than -yesterday. She spoke of her illness with great calmness; and the blessed -effects of full trust in God’s mercy, through the merits and intercession -of the Saviour, were beautifully displayed in her whole deportment. Into -the hands of God she implicitly and prayerfully cast herself. She -appears so free from that restless anxiety which frequently attends cases -that prove fatal, great hopes are entertained of her recovery. - -_August_ 18. Mrs. Jenny Cocker, of Underwood, was seized this morning, -at five o’clock. Dr. Cookworthy, of Plymouth, and Mr. Hook, the family -surgeon, were present. The former had been sent for after the most -alarming symptoms had come on; and when he arrived, she was cold, -discoloured, and sinking under extreme prostration of strength. Her -husband was absent, upon the farm, during the early part of the day, and -was struck with horror and alarm when, on his return, he found her in -such a state of danger. She was quite sensible, and prayed continually -that she might be supported “in that hour when flesh and heart faileth.” -Whilst the medical gentlemen were consulting together in the adjoining -room, we all addressed ourselves to the Throne of Grace; and most -devoutly and heartily did the poor sufferer bear her part in that solemn -duty, as well as her relations who were assembled in the room. Fear and -dismay were strongly depicted upon their countenances. Mrs. Cocker, sen. -was in a state of extreme agitation, shewed symptoms of being ill, and -fainted. After the medical gentlemen returned into the room, active -stimulants and friction were resorted to, with the hope of restoring -warmth in their patient. She became weaker, the pulse had ceased, and so -had her power of speaking; and at two, p.m., her mortal career was -closed. During the last three or four hours, she indicated no appearance -of suffering; and perfect consciousness was maintained to the last. -After this scene of affliction, I remained with the family some time, all -of us having retired to an adjoining room. The relations gradually -became more tranquil, and when we separated, one sorrowing individual, -raising her eyes to heaven, though streaming with tears, exclaimed, “It -is the Lord, let him do what seemeth him good.” - -Attended the funeral of Mr. Josias Cork, and went to the Hospital. -Blake’s child, aged one year, died there to-day. - -_August_ 19. {70a} My kind friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, preached for -me twice, as I was too unwell to undertake two full services. In the -evening, Mrs. Jenny Cocker and Elizabeth Blake were buried. Several -fresh cases of cholera reported. Received a letter from the secretary of -the Central Board. The Plympton St. Mary Board of Health regularly -appointed. {70b} - -_August_ 20. Amongst others, I visited Betty Heard, at Underwood, a poor -industrious woman, aged seventy-two. She was quite alone—no one had been -near her—creeping about the cottage in great pain: she could hardly -stand, but refused to go to bed. She had taken some precautions to check -the premonitory attack. She stood near her spinning-wheel, and when she -perceived I was looking at it, she shook her head, and said, “Ah! sir, -that is of no use to me now. When I can use it, I get but a very small -matter to live upon! and now”—She could not finish the sentence; but sat -down and cried like a child. How gladly did I avail myself of the -subscription fund to relieve this helpless creature. In a short time, a -proper nurse was with her. Page’s children better; the cramp had -subsided. - -A messenger came to me, requesting my immediate attendance at old Mrs. -Cocker’s. She was in a room below, harassed with incessant sickness, -&c., and in great pain. Her agitation of mind at the time of her -daughter’s death on Saturday, caused a shock from which she had by no -means recovered. Mr. Richard Langworthy {72} had seen her, and -administered a dose of calomel; but the progress of the disorder was -astonishingly rapid. She fainted: her son Elias was with her, and we -supported her as well as we could. When she revived, her countenance -assumed the common character of the collapsed stage of the disease. With -much difficulty, we carried the poor sufferer up stairs; two women were -sent for, and they assisted in putting her in bed. Having become a -little easier, she requested me to pray with her. From that moment, when -not in extreme pain, she was incessantly occupied in that sacred duty. -On the first indication of sickness, she said she had the cholera, and -she knew “she should not get over it.” - -Being confident that this was a desperate case, from its exhibiting those -fatal symptoms which often terminate in death within twelve hours, I went -for Mr. L., who had, unfortunately, been detained at Shaugh, five miles -off, and did not return for two hours. On his arrival, he said he quite -approved of all the measures which had been adopted; and he considered it -an extreme case. The rooms were fumigated, and chloride of lime was -sprinkled all about the house. The poor creature suffered much from -cramp and spasms. It was, indeed, distressing to see her. Every limb -seemed to be contracted—her teeth grinding, and her blue shrivelled -fingers clenched so tight, it was very difficult to open her hand; and -her long grey locks, matted with perspiration, adhered to her cold damp -cheek. Mr. L. proposed, as a last resource to allay such misery, that a -vein should be injected. I prepared about six quarts of the fluid. The -vein was opened, one or two dark drops trickled out, like treacle; after -this, the vein appeared to be empty. The process of injection was -immediately commenced, and the suffering almost instantly subsided. We -knew her age was against her; but feeling that though life might not be -saved by it, yet that this experiment would be valuable, inasmuch as we -had remarked that all suffering from cramp ceased when recourse was had -to it; it was, therefore, adopted. The pulse returned; but it fluttered -and intermitted. She said she knew her time was very short. Her younger -son was hanging over her, the tears flowing down his cheeks. Throughout -this sad scene, his anxious and tender care for a dying mother was -incessant. She said, “Let us pray—it is my only comfort.” We all knelt -round the bed. Clasping her hands, she prayed aloud. Nothing could be -more devout; and there was something so indescribably affecting in the -plaintive tone of her voice and the aspirations she uttered at intervals, -that a common feeling of sympathy vibrated through the hearts of those -who witnessed the touching scene. She expressed herself cheered and -refreshed by such an employment; then with her cold hand she grasped -mine, and begged me not to leave her. She became rapidly weaker, the -pulse again intermitted and sunk, sickness returned, but not the cramp. -Although she had for a long time refused to take any nourishment, in -twenty minutes after the injection of the fluid, she vomited a great -quantity of what appeared to be water, with a dark sediment, like -decomposed blood, which sunk immediately. From this time, nothing would -stop the incessant sickness. Every animal function seemed to be -exhausted; yet her senses were perfectly unimpaired to the last. I did -not quit her—it was her dying request. “Thank you—thank you for -remaining,” she, faltering, said to me. I observed to her that although -_we_ must part, there was one above, who has promised to his faithful -disciples, “I will never leave thee nor forsake thee.” “Oh! yes—yes,” -she said, in a low whisper,—“it is true: I feel the comfort of it. -‘Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, for mine eyes have -seen thy salvation.’ I am so—so weary,—when will this be over.” She -then sunk into silence: for some time it was difficult to say whether -life was extinct or not; at last she sighed, and her spirit departed in -peace. - -This affecting scene lasted six hours after the violent symptoms of the -disease commenced. Returned home and endeavoured to answer some kind -notes from enquiring friends. I could not write, owing to the excited -state of my feelings; but, thankful to a merciful Providence for -preservation, I retired early, hoping to be refreshed by rest. - -I was awakened from a sound sleep by a loud knocking at my door. It was -half past twelve at night, when my servant informed me that a person had -arrived from Plympton, entreating me to go instantly to Mary Taylor, a -parishioner of Plympton St. Mary, who was in the last stage of cholera, -and was particularly anxious to see me before she died. I was a little -refreshed by sleep; but still so unwell, my servant intimated that it -might be in time, if I went in the morning. The morning might be too -late! The idea of her having expressed an earnest desire to see me—in -her dying moments too—something, perhaps, required or to communicate, -which might tend to relieve her mind, and soothe the pillow of death. I -could not have rested, if I had delayed to go. Before one o’clock, I was -at the house. Mary Taylor had given up her own comfortable room to -Susan, from the kindest and most considerate feeling; and, that she might -be kept as quiet as possible, had removed to the dwelling of her parents, -which was, indeed, a miserable place for a sick person. Below sat her -father, by a small remnant of a fire, his face between his hands, his -elbows resting on his knees, not caring to speak. He told me Elizabeth -Job was with Mary, and that Mr. L. had been there in the evening, but not -since—that he was very unwell when he went away. I heard the poor -creature moaning—went up to her. The chamber where she lay was on the -landing-place, without a door or partition—no ceiling—open to the roof. -A common bedstead, without hangings or curtains, an old-fashioned oak -chest, and a broken chair, composed the whole of the furniture. In a -corner of the same room, covered with various old clothes, lay her -husband, who was also ill. A rushlight, flickering in a current of air -from the roof, only added to the wretchedness of the scene. The moment I -approached the bedside, poor Mary held out her hand to me, and burst into -an agony of tears. “I am going, sir,—I know I shall die. I wished so -much to see you once more. I feared it would be too much for you to -come; but I do not expect to see the morning. I do not wish to live; but -my poor dear little helpless infant—what will become of her when she has -lost her mother!” After some conversation, she became more tranquil, and -appeared greatly comforted by the presence of a Christian minister. -Spoke much of the awfulness of being on the brink of eternity—prayed -frequently that God would forgive her sins, and receive her to himself, -through the merits of a crucified Saviour. “Yes,” she said, “he died for -me.” Stayed by this anchor, she became resigned and calm. - -Before I went upstairs, I ordered the fire to be made up, and plenty of -hot water to be in readiness. The poor old people very slow, and nothing -in the house which such a case of emergency required. The cramp was -gaining ground, and spasms had returned. Mr. L.’s residence not being -far off, I hastened there, thinking it possible that he might be up; but -could make no one hear, therefore I went away without disturbing him. I -knocked up the people at a shop, and got some mustard and vinegar. When -I returned, the medicines which were left, with directions, by Mr. L. -were given. I had brought the cholera lotion, or stimulating liniment, -with me, which was tried; but the poor sufferer was icy cold. Hot water -in a stone bottle was applied to the feet. The pain at the pit of the -stomach was very acute. I tried to get hot salt or sand; but nothing of -the sort could be obtained, it being past two, a.m. Having noticed that, -in the fire-place below, there were some loose bricks, I heated one of -them, and wrapped it in a piece of old drugget. This simple remedy -afforded her much relief, as soon as it was applied. She had been -extremely patient, and said she felt better; but from the cold -perspiration, and her discoloured appearance, I feared she would not -recover. At three, a.m., I became so unwell, I desired that Mr. L. -should be called, at all events. As he had been up the whole of the two -preceding nights, and was very unwell, I had hitherto deferred calling -him as long as I could; but I was obliged to return home. - -_August_ 21. Being anxious to know the fate of Mary Taylor, I went at -eight o’clock to enquire for her. I learnt that Mr. L. came to her -almost immediately after I left her, and injected saline fluid into a -vein. She rallied for a time; but now, at nine, the alarming symptoms -had returned. I went to Mr. L. and reported the apparently hopeless -state of the patient. He returned to the house with me, and proposed a -repetition of the experiment. She said it was all in vain. Her pulse -had entirely ceased to beat. She enquired for Susan,—then spoke of her -child with the tenderest feeling. She “hoped God would forgive her -anxiety about the dear little soul. She would rather it had been taken -before her, or with her, that both might be buried together; but God’s -will be done. May we meet in a happier world.” - -We had all joined with her in prayer, at her own request; she then -consented to the operation. After a small quantity of the saline fluid -had been injected, her husband’s sister offered to be blooded, as soon as -the transfusion of blood was proposed. The transfusion was commenced, -but no more than a teacupful could be borne, as a most startling effect -was produced; the eyes having in an instant become red and staring to a -frightful extent. Mr. L. saw this, and stopped the process -instantaneously. Her breathing was quick and laborious. The pulse -merely fluttered, and then stopped. It evidently was the will of God -that human means should not avail. She was dying! I left the room with -a sorrowing heart, sincerely lamenting her death. Before the attack of -cholera, she had been in a delicate state of health; therefore Mr. L. -feared that her constitution was not sufficiently strong to bear the -shock. Every thing tended to depress our spirits. Such touching scenes, -in such rapid succession—so great an accumulation of misery, nearly -overwhelmed us. The appalling reality is almost incredible! But we have -worked together, heart and hand; and we must trust that the same merciful -Providence which has hitherto protected us, will, through the aid of the -Spirit, grant us renewed strength for the conflict. - -I called to see Susan Taylor; she was better, but requiring the greatest -care. Attended the funeral of Mrs. Cocker. Richard Hurl, aged one year -and half, died at Underwood. Elizabeth Hicks, of Underwood, seriously -ill—collapse had rapidly come on,—Mr. Osmond in attendance. Very active -treatment had been pursued. Towards the evening, she was much relieved, -but extremely weak. Richard Smaldridge taken ill. Mr. Hook attending -him. - -_August_ 22. {83} A vestry meeting was held, also a meeting of the Board -of Health. On this day, the first order was made for assistance from the -parish, to be paid to the chairman of the Board of Health. Hurl’s child -buried. Elizabeth Hicks recovering. - -_August_ 23. George Tarr, aged forty-four, received at the Hospital: a -bad case. - -_August_ 24. George Tarr died. Ann Higgins, aged one year, died. - -_August_ 25. I visited several people who laboured under great debility. -Not so many fresh cases during these three days. - -_August_ 26. At eight o’clock, a message was brought to me from Mr. -Crewes’s family, at Plympton, {85a} requesting me, if I possibly could, -to go to them immediately, as their servant was alarmingly ill. Soon -after I arrived, Mr. Deeble Boger {85b} and the Messrs. Langworthy came. -It was one of those cases which exhibit great severity of -character—discolouration of the skin—incessant sickness and -restlessness—coldness of the flesh, tongue, and breath. There was very -little hope of her recovery. Perhaps this attack had been brought on and -aggravated by her own imprudence, in taking with her dinner, yesterday, a -quantity of vinegar, which had been left in a plate with some cucumber. -Debility and exhaustion rapidly increased. She became calm after awhile, -and was perfectly sensible. I left her and went to Church. The Rev. J. -Rosdew again kindly assisted me both parts of the day. But one feeling -pervaded the whole congregation—the ministers and the people—the deepest -solemnity! The plague is abroad. Who is to stand between the living and -the dead? The fervent prayer of faith availeth much. “Lord, hear our -prayer, and let our cry come unto thee!” How many appeared to pray in -earnest on this day! doubtless not here only, but through the nation. -May the supplication of a suffering people be received at the Throne of -Grace. - -Mr. Crewes’s servant died in the afternoon, and Maria E. Taylor, aged six -months, of Underwood, died on this day. - -_August_ 27. Whilst at breakfast, I was entreated to go as soon as -possible to Wm. Arthurs, at Underwood, as he was extremely ill, and he -was thought to be dying. After attending to a number of applications for -medicine, I went immediately to the sick man. His wife, in tears, was -standing at the door, watching my arrival. Her mother, Mary Martin, and -another woman, with dismay in their countenances, were near her. One of -the children ill with cholera, in a cradle, two other little creatures, -unconscious of what was passing, were playing about the room. I first -endeavoured to quiet the minds of the women, impressing upon them, that -there was not so much danger to be apprehended from the disease itself, -as from giving way to such excessive alarm. That all excitement and -agitation of the mind, tended to increase, if not to cause, an attack of -the malady. I found the poor man very ill. Upon enquiry, it appeared -that he had been “very bad all the night, and they thought he could not -have held out till the morning.” But, “why did you neglect to send for -medical advice at first?” “O, sir, we hoped it would pass.” I told them -they must send immediately for Mr. L. or for some other medical -gentleman; but they said it would be of no use, as Arthurs refused to -take any medicines; indeed, he had said the same to me: but, after much -persuasion, he consented to take what I gave him. At this time, he was -in a state of partial collapse—writhing with pain—large drops standing on -his icy cold forehead—his tongue cold—harassed with incessant and violent -sickness. The wife standing by, concealing her face with her apron, not -being able to look at him when the paroxysms came on. At a glance, the -appearance of every thing indicated the cleanliness of the family. A -white cloth was on a little table near the window—a second bed in the -room—a little store of potatoes in a basket, in a corner near the stairs. -The women were prompt and ready in preparing the stimulants—mustard and -hot vinegar, and hot water, in stone bottles, for the feet. All linen -was removed from the bed. The child below was, at this time, screaming -so violently, that we were obliged to use for her similar remedies. -Rhubarb and ginger had been given to the child. I gave a saline draught, -which appeared to check the sickness. The poor man required constant -attendance, sickness and cramp being most distressing. I had sent for -medical assistance, but at that moment it could not be obtained. What -was to be done? The poor man was in agony, and the sickness violent, -without an intermission of ten minutes. In this extremity, I gave him -the same medicine which I had taken myself. In half-an-hour, the man was -again extremely harassed, and the sickness was not abated. He complained -of insatiable thirst. I then prepared a saline mixture, composed of the -same ingredients which had in some instances been adopted by Mr. L.; -viz., carbonate of soda, one drachm, common salt, one drachm, oxymuriate -(chlorate) of potash, six grains, and a teaspoonful of salvolatile, to a -quart of cold water, of which he drank freely. After this, the vomiting -subsided for a time, but pain and nausea remained; friction with -stimulants were continued, and hot salt applied to the stomach. Being -somewhat relieved, he was desirous that I would pray with him. The poor -women knelt round the bed,—tears streaming down, though they held their -hands before their faces, to conceal their grief and apprehension. At -this time, the appearance of the man’s eyes began more decidedly to -assume the character which we had remarked in the worst cases of cholera. -Our prayer was shortened: but a sigh only, in faith, fails not to reach -the Throne of Grace. I sent again, with the hope of obtaining medical -aid, but without success. I began to tremble at the responsibility I had -taken upon myself; but I could not leave the patient at such a crisis, -and to have remained inactive might have been fatal. His pulse, when I -first saw him, was scarcely perceptible, it now began to improve; -sickness again came on, but not so violent as before. He drank freely of -the saline mixture. At two o’clock, I left him for half-an-hour, to -attend the funeral of Maria Taylor’s infant. Soon after my return (about -three o’clock), Arthurs became easier and more tranquil; the pulse had -improved, general warmth succeeded, and at four o’clock, profuse -perspiration: more clothing was put on the bed, to keep that up. He -wished for some tea and biscuit, and took a small quantity. In -half-an-hour afterwards, the pulse became extremely full and quick. At -five, p.m., I went to Mr. Langworthy’s, and found him just returned. I -informed him of Arthurs’s case, and we went there together; but before we -arrived, a medical gentleman had called, bled him sparingly, and had gone -away. Mr. L. ordered him medicine, and gave directions how to proceed. -The poor man then expressed himself as being weary, and soon sunk into a -calm sleep. The child was much better towards the evening. - -I went across the way to John Andrews’s; their daughter, Mary Ann, aged -six, who was taken ill in the morning, having died at four p.m. The -other child who was ill on the 6th, recovered. Peggy Andrews, the -mother, though deeply afflicted, shewed much Christian resignation. At -her urgent request, I went upstairs to see the child as she lay a corpse. -She had been carried off so rapidly, they could scarcely believe she was -dead. Chloride of lime was used abundantly, and the poor people promised -that the rooms should be whitewashed on the following day. Their cottage -is kept particularly neat. Having remained some time in conversation -with them, I went to Richard Dunn’s. Their little girl, aged two years, -sinking from exhaustion in a low fever, like typhus, which immediately -followed an attack of cholera. Every possible attention was paid her, -but nothing would make her rally. She lay perfectly quiet, her clear -blue eye fixed on me, being a stranger; and just at that moment a parting -ray of the evening sun beamed through the casement upon her face, her -light silken locks shone upon her spotless brow, giving to her appearance -an unearthly effect, which I shall never forget. Very soon she was cold -and lifeless; but a smile rested on her countenance, so serene and -lovely, that the transition from life to death was not perceptible. I -could not be surprised at the distress of the parents. Difficult it was -at such a moment to acknowledge the reality, that their loss was the -child’s gain. Under what a variety of circumstances does this fatal -malady strike its victims! Equally varying, therefore, the occasions for -Christian consolation. May this be profitable to minister and people. -Wrote to the Central Board of Health. Two new cases. - -_August_ 28. Mary Ann Andrews, buried. No death on this day: one new -case only reported—Betty Wills, of Underwood. The patients generally -extremely weak. Seven cases remaining. - -_August_ 29. Attended Board of Health. Received a letter from the -Central Board, requesting a daily report to be transmitted as long as the -disease exists at Plympton St. Mary, as well as a return of all cases and -deaths from the commencement of the disease. - -Upon referring to the several medical practitioners, it was found to be -impossible to obtain any thing like a regular return; because our Board -of Health had not been legally constituted until the 22nd instant; and no -authority for such a requirement having previously existed, no regular -notes of cases and deaths had been kept. Besides this, in consequence of -the scarcity of medical practitioners, those who were employed in cholera -cases, were engaged with their patients from morning till night, and had -little or no time for making regular memoranda. - -Visited Arthurs;—better as to the original disease, but very severely -salivated. Elizabeth Hicks and Mary Martin, recovering. Buried Dunn’s -child. Visited Susan Taylor;—gradually recovering, but labouring under -great weakness. We had some serious conversation upon the afflicting -circumstances which had occurred, and the mercy of God in her own -particular case;—her preservation up to the present time, after all she -had gone through herself, and after what she had witnessed in others, -having herself, not only passed much time as a nurse in the midst of the -worst cases of the disease, but having also assisted in the last fearful -office for three of its victims. She entered fully into all this in a -right frame of mind. Whilst alluding to the state in which she lay under -the influence of the collapsed stage, she said she knew what was passing, -though she appeared unconscious of every thing; that the sensation -produced by injecting the saline fluid into the vein, was that of having -taken an unusual quantity of liquid or broth, the stomach seemed to be -very full; and when the blood was transfused, she felt it in the jugular -vein, on both sides, causing an oppressive fulness, as if it would burst; -but it subsided as soon as the process was stopped. As an instance of -consciousness being retained in the last stage of cholera,—while the -blood was being transfused, though she could neither move nor speak, she -heard me suggest that a handkerchief might be lightly thrown across her -eyes, lest she should be shocked if she revived and saw what was being -done; and Mr. L.’s reply, that it was of no consequence, as she was too -far gone. - -_August_ 30. One new case, Mary Martin, Underwood. Five cases -remaining. Several people suffering from weakness and debility; all who -required it, had nourishing things sent to them. By Mr. L.’s advice, I -returned home sooner than usual, as I had been very unwell during the -last few days. - -_August_ 31. Susan Taylor {96} was sufficiently recovered to return to -Underwood. No new cases reported to-day. What a mercy! The fearful -disease has nearly subsided in this parish, though as yet prevalent in -the adjoining parish of Plympton Maurice. - -From this time, no death by cholera occurred in the parish; but through -the month of September, those who had been attacked by the disease, -laboured under great debility. Some new cases were reported; but of a -milder character, with the exception of two, which were taken to the -Hospital. One was that of an aged woman, who, on the 10th of September, -was discovered lying on the floor, at her house at Colebrook, in a state -of collapse. A medical gentleman had seen her as he passed by, and -called to inform me of the circumstance, at the same time recommending -what medicine should be given to her. I found her, as described, lying -on the stone floor, with all the symptoms of confirmed cholera, and in -great agony. After much persuasion, she took the medicine, and consented -to be removed to the Hospital, only upon the condition that I would take -charge of her goods, and keep the key of her room. Unhappily, she was -one of those whose thoughts are entirely engrossed by the objects of -time; therefore her mental agitation and alarm were proportionately -increased: and at such a moment, when life was ebbing on the brink of -eternity, there was no desire for religious exercise, although at the -eleventh hour; and all before her was worse than blank—not a shadow of -comfort! - -After she arrived at the Hospital, her suffering was very considerable. -Mr. L. pursued the same treatment which had been previously adopted, with -the addition of active friction, and hot salt in bags applied to the -stomach. Warmth was restored in about four hours, and she became -gradually better. In three days afterwards, she walked home, recovered. - -About this time, a man was found, in a wretched state, cold and -collapsed, in an open shed near Ridgeway. He was conveyed to the -Hospital immediately. Drinking and dissipation had most probably tended -to increase his sufferings, for they were excessive. His habits were -well known, and there was every reason to suppose he was in a state of -intoxication when seized with the disease. A strong emetic of mustard -and salt was first given to him, and active remedies were afterwards -resorted to. Some hours elapsed before warmth could be restored, and it -was thought the attack would terminate fatally; but God was merciful to -him, and he so far recovered as to be able to leave the Hospital in two -days. How far he was impressed with the awfulness of his situation, or -of thankfulness for his escape from impending danger, rested with his own -conscience. He gave no satisfactory proof of any salutary impression -having been made upon his mind. He was enveloped in utter darkness, and -religious duties were evidently irksome to him. - -With the exception of these two cases, nothing occurred beyond the usual -routine of visiting convalescent patients, or those taken with slight -attacks, from the end of August to the 3rd of October. During that -period, the attendance at meetings of the Board of Health, and constant -communication with the Central Board, as well as ordinary parish duties, -were attended to. On the 3rd of October, it was reported, and with -devout thankfulness acknowledged, that the disease was mercifully -withdrawn from the parish—the plague was stayed—and the Board of Health -was adjourned. Thus terminated the progress of the fearful visitation in -this parish. Thirty deaths, chiefly from the village of Underwood, had -occurred between the 13th of July and the 27th of August. In the -adjacent town of Plympton, where the population by the census of 1831 was -804, there were twenty-two deaths between the 12th of August and the 21st -of September. - - - - -CONCLUSION. - - -HERE it may be useful to make a brief allusion to some of the -circumstances connected with the progress of the disease in this rural -district. The first patient who died of the cholera at Underwood, -arrived there two days before she was taken ill, from Plymouth, where the -disease was making fearful havoc. After her death, nearly a fortnight -elapsed, when two other deaths occurred, of persons who were dwelling -near the centre of the village. Then the disease visited the extreme -western end, taking its course eastward, and at that end finished its -career. The time of its duration was between two and three months: its -fatal effects were limited to about five weeks. - -Nearly a month after the disease had visited Plympton St. Mary, it -proceeded to Plympton St. Maurice, commencing on the 12th of August, in -the middle of the town; then, as it had done at Underwood, it went to the -western extremity, afterwards taking its course eastward, and, on the -20th of September, ceased at one of the last houses in that direction. -Although in both parishes its fatal effects were limited to five weeks, -it lingered in the neighbourhood some weeks afterwards. - -It may be supposed that, because the malady, during the later period of -its existence at Underwood, did not prove fatal, it was understood better -than at first, and that the medical treatment was on that account more -successful. But if so, it would not have been so fatal afterwards at -Plympton; as it was in the hands of the same medical practitioner. - -It may be worthy of remark, that towards the end of August, the weather -became cooler, and the vapour which rises in the valley below Underwood, -concentrated in a white frost, though in a slight degree, in the month of -September; to which the gradual disappearance of the disease was in some -measure attributed. - -By the entries in the Register of Burials, it appears that the deaths -were,—males, 14, females, 16; total, 30. One male only died between the -ages of 10 and 39. One female only died between the ages of 10 and 45. -Two males died upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 53 and 72. Five females -died upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 56, 67, 75, 76, and 77. - -Burials in Plympton St. Mary:— - -1831 males, 26 females, 18 total 44 -1832 „ 31 „ 31 „ 62 -1833 „ 14 „ 18 „ 32 - -From the 1st of June to the 1st of September:— - -1831 males, 4 females, 3 total, 7 -1832 „ 20 „ 19 „ 39 -1833 „ 4 „ 5 „ 9 - -The fact that nine out of twelve inmates of the cottage {103} inhabited -by Parsons’s family were swept off, under circumstances of a peculiarly -aggravated and appalling character, may be attributed to the unfortunate -inattention to sanitary precautions, which has already been mentioned. - - [Picture: The village of Underwood] - -In consequence of the Board of Health not having been regularly -constituted until above a month after the commencement of the disease in -the parish, no returns from medical practitioners were received before -the 22nd of August; and even after that period, so constantly were those -gentlemen occupied, and worn out with fatigue, the returns were very -imperfectly supplied. Therefore, a statistical account of cases, dates -of seizure and recovery, cannot here be attempted. It must, therefore, -suffice to state, that between 200 and 300 in this parish were more or -less affected with the disease; and in Underwood alone, about 200. The -proportion of deaths, in cases which had advanced into the second or cold -stage before medical assistance had been obtained, was about one out of -three. In the foregoing Extracts, only a portion of the cases of -confirmed cholera are mentioned; omitting those which are termed -incipient. - -It cannot be too strongly impressed upon the attention of every one, that -if the atmosphere surrounding houses is corrupted by the effluvia of -stagnant water in pools and ditches, unwholesome sewers, choked drains, -or any accumulation of filth—if badly ventilated rooms are crowded with -an excess of occupants—if the diet is low and unwholesome, and the habits -of the people are dirty, particularly if they are addicted to drunkenness -and dissipation,—diseases of various kinds are engendered as a natural -consequence; therefore, under such circumstances, what can be expected -during a visitation of an extraordinary epidemic like that of cholera, -but its baneful effects, and those of a most aggravated and appalling -character. - -It is essential that due attention be paid to the very first indication -of indisposition during the prevalence of the epidemic. Vegetables and -fruit should be avoided. Strong affections of the mind, arising from -anxiety, alarm, or excess of grief, are extremely injurious; therefore -the mind should be kept calm, and if any symptoms, however trivial, -should occur, medical advice should be obtained as speedily as possible. - -If, through neglect, or any other particular cause, the second stage has -come on, with violent sickness, cramp, cold extremities, weakness, and -sinking of the pulse, &c. the disease is extremely dangerous. I have not -heard of any specific having yet been discovered, which can be -recommended with assurance of success. But even from this stage, and -under the most disheartening circumstances, several patients have -recovered. - -It is hoped, that a plain statement of some of the remedies which were -resorted to in this parish, may have a place here, without a risk of -being objectionable; especially as it is unaccompanied by any attempt to -encroach upon the prerogative of those whose professional education and -experience entitle them to be the sole arbiters and directors of such -subjects. - -Many instances occurred, when medical aid could not be immediately -obtained; and some, when there was every probability of considerable loss -of time. Under such circumstances, to prevent, if possible, the early -stage of the disease assuming a more serious character, much benefit was -derived from the following recipes, supplied by Mr. Langworthy; due -regard being observed to circumstances as they arose at the time, as well -as to the proportions usually allowed for difference of age, sex, and -constitution:— - -Powdered rhubarb 8 grains. -Powdered ginger 6 grains. -Carbonate of soda 20 grains. -Calomel, occasionally added 3 or 4 grains. - -It appeared to us, that in most cases which came under our observation, -where the use of heating or spirituous liquors had been resorted to, for -the purpose of allaying pain in the bowels, it did more harm than good. - -In cases which were attended with aggravated symptoms, five, ten, -fifteen, or twenty grains of calomel, with nearly an equal quantity of -powdered ginger, were given by Mr. L., according to circumstances, and in -an hour or two afterwards, from half an ounce to an ounce of castor oil, -with one, two, or three drachms of tincture of rhubarb. - -When much irritation has been going on, soda water, in a state of -effervescence, or a teaspoonful of carbonate of soda, and the same -quantity of salvolatile, have tended to allay sickness, &c. - -In more advanced stages of the disease, the following mixture, drank -cold, has given relief:— - -Carbonate of soda 1 drachm. -Common salt 1 drachm. -Oxymuriate (chlorate) of potash 3 or 4 grains. - -To be mixed in a quart of water, and drank when the patient complained of -thirst. - -When internal cramp has caused great suffering, dry heat, by the -application of a bag of hot salt, to the pit of the stomach, has been -beneficial in relieving the pain; and, in the cold stage of the disease, -the use of friction with stimulating liniment, and mustard and vinegar -poultices applied to the extremities, have been attended with good -effects. In extreme cases, on the verge of death, recourse was had to -injecting some principal vein with saline fluid. This invariably stopped -the sufferings of the patient; but in the application of the experiment -by Mr. L., it did not succeed in saving the life, unless a small quantity -of blood was afterwards transfused into the vein. This was done only in -the three cases here, of Wm. Gully, Susan Taylor, and Mary Taylor. The -two former recovered, and are living at the present time. The latter was -in a weak state of health before the attack of cholera, to which the -failure of the experiment was attributed. The two former relapsed after -the injection of the saline fluid alone, and were rapidly sinking; but -upon a repetition of the process of injection, with the addition -afterwards of blood, they recovered. - -It was remarked, that if calomel effected any degree of salivation, the -patient recovered. - -In the event of a recurrence of such a fearful pestilence, from which, -may it please God in mercy to protect us, it may be worth consideration, -that Boards of Health become legally constituted as soon as possible; -that they may be empowered to provide for cases of emergency, and engage -medical assistance, in proportion to the requirements of the district, -with a remuneration to the medical gentlemen commensurate with their -arduous duties. Also to provide an adequate attendance of efficient -nurses. In the case of our Board of Health, there was no legal authority -for making orders for assistance, until the 22nd of August, nearly six -weeks after the disease had commenced in the parish. One medical -gentleman only, with the aid of his relation, had to attend nearly all -the poor people who were ill, in addition to his own private patients; -and the other medical practitioners were fully occupied. The consequence -was, that, in some instances, much valuable time was lost. The -difficulty of procuring nurses at the time, has already been adverted to. - -Under these circumstances, the consequences would have been still more -lamentable, if a subscription had not been raised to meet the emergency; -as extra expenses, to a large amount, which had been incurred by a series -of such fearful sickness and distress, during a period of six weeks, were -met by that resource. - -In justice to those parishioners who had the means, it should be -mentioned here, that, in addition to their benevolent and liberal -subscriptions, all aided in relieving the necessities of their poorer -brethren, and mitigated much of their distress, by providing, from their -own houses, many things which could not be obtained in the poor man’s -home. Some of the principal families were absent at the time; but they -took a lively interest in the progress of events, and repeatedly gave -directions that the poor sufferers should be supplied with whatever they -required, from their houses. - -In concluding this plain record of some fearful occurrences among his -parishioners during the visitation with which God, for wise purposes, -afflicted them, the writer, in adverting to the many acts of Christian -beneficence, cannot refrain from expressing his grateful remembrance of -the affectionate kindness which he himself experienced, from the highest -to the lowest of his parishioners, to which was added, an unexpected but -gratifying testimonial of regard from the parishioners in general, and -another from the village of Underwood in particular. - -In these Extracts from a Diary relating to one particular subject, many -minor details have been omitted, as superfluous; and the mention of some -circumstances of a painful nature, as to the state of mind or conduct of -particular individuals, has been avoided, from consideration for the -feelings of others. If, however, it should be asked, what effects this -awful warning produced upon those who witnessed its solemn call, it must -be confessed, in general terms, that, with the exception of a few -individuals, no permanent change of character was perceptible. There -were then, as unhappily there are now, persons upon whom no passing -events, however striking, make any salutary impression—who make light of -the most solemn calls to repentance and amendment—run through life -utterly heedless of the one thing needful; and when they “pass through -the valley of the shadow of death,” they have no staff to rest upon for -comfort and support. The state of such people calls for the deepest -commiseration. Much do they require the Christian’s prayer, that they -may be converted and live. Well will it be for all of us, if, in viewing -the judgments of God in the world, we acknowledge them as such; and in -the endeavour to theorize upon second causes, we do not overlook the -Great First Cause. The hand of God must be acknowledged, when, by either -of His sore judgments, whether of pestilence, famine, or the sword, He -afflicts a people for their iniquity. His divine blessing must be -sought, with the earnest prayer of a contrite heart through faith in the -Saviour; for without His blessing, without His Almighty aid, all our -endeavours to escape the rod of His displeasure will assuredly fail. - -Whether as a nation or as individuals, let us not be regardless of the -warnings and mercies which we have from time to time experienced at the -hand of God. Let us remember the word of the Lord addressed to his -rebellious people of old, “Son of man, when the land sinneth against me -by trespassing grievously, then will I stretch out mine hand upon it, and -will break the staff of the bread thereof, and will send famine upon it, -and will cut off man and beast,” &c. And again, “If ye will not be -reformed by me by these things, but will walk contrary unto me; then will -I also walk contrary unto you, and will punish you yet seven times for -your sins. And when ye are gathered together within your cities, I will -send the pestilence among you.” - -During a succession of many generations, the judgments of the Lord, -either of pestilence, famine, or the sword, have visited our land at -different periods. On these occasions, days for public humiliation have -been resorted to, with confession of sin, and vows of repentance and -amendment. The prayer of the nation has been invariably heard, and the -scourge withdrawn. The mercies thus experienced have been acknowledged -by national thanksgiving. But notwithstanding these things, we have been -a rebellious people. It was only within the last year that another of -God’s judgments called forth our humiliation, and public prayers for -deliverance. Again a supplicating nation was heard—the calamity was -withdrawn; and this was acknowledged by a general thanksgiving. The Lord -has hitherto been merciful to us; and still, as a nation, we are -wonderfully blessed. But fearful signs and warnings have been hovering -around, to awaken us from spiritual lethargy, and forgetfulness of the -past. In addition to this, the storm which has recently burst forth upon -our continental neighbours, and shaken the foundations of thrones and -empires, whilst it bids us to be thankful for the privileges we enjoy, -calls upon us to put our whole trust in Him who hath hitherto succoured -us. Therefore, amidst all the foreboding signs of the times, and the -internal convulsions that threaten other nations, may we have grace so to -acquit ourselves consistently with our Christian profession, that God may -yet be merciful to our land, and continue to us His blessing. - - * * * * * - -AT a Vestry meeting, held this 13th day of January, 1833, in pursuance of -a notice duly given,— - - Resolved, “That a small stone, in the shape of a cross, with the - date, 1832, engraved upon it, be placed as a memorial at the head of - all the graves of persons who had died of the awful disease of - cholera.” - - [Picture: Cross with 1832 written on it] - - - - -SUBSCRIBERS. - - -Adams, Mr. Peter, Plymouth. -Allen, Rev. John, North Huish. -Allport, D. H. Esq., London. -Andrews, Mr. H., Modbury. -Andrews, Peggy, Underwood. -Andrew, Mr. John, Ridgeway. -Ash, Mr., Topsham. -Aylwin, Robert, Esq., Blackland, Plympton (four copies). - - * * * * * - -Bedford, the Duke of -Bedford, the Duchess of -Beauford, Miss, Tavistock. -Bennett, W. Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -Bevan, John, Esq., London (four copies). -Bewes, Rev. Thomas, Beaumont (two copies). -Bewes, Captain, ditto (two copies). -Bewes, Charles, Esq. (four copies). -Bickford, Jane, Underwood. -Bickley, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Biggs, Mrs. Arnold (two copies). -Biggs, Miss Juliet (two copies). -Body, Mr., Plymouth. -Boger, Deeble, Esq., Plympton (two copies). -Boger, Mrs., ditto (two copies). -Bogue, Rev. Richard, Denbury (eight copies). -Bone, J. Esq., Devonport. -Boolds, Mr. C., Plymouth. -Bray, Rev. E. A., Tavistock (two copies). -Bray, Mrs., ditto (two copies). -Bulteel, Miss - - * * * * * - -Clarendon, the Earl of (four copies). -Clarendon, the Countess of (four copies). -Caledon, the Dowager Countess of (four copies). -Call, Sir William, Bart. -Call, Miss -Calmady, Mrs., Langdon Hall. -Cann, Mr., Ridgeway. -Catchpole, Mr., Plympton St. Mary. -Carew, Norman, Esq., Stoke (two copies). -Charrington, Spencer, Esq., London. -Clark, Mrs., Buckland-Tout-Saints (two copies). -Clark, Mrs. Erving, Efford Manor. -Cleverton, J. Esq., Boon’s Place. -Cobb, Rev. Robert, Ellingham, Norfolk. -Coles, J. B. Esq., Parrock’s Lodge, Chard. -Coles, Mrs., ditto. -Coles, Rev. James, Shepton Beauchamp (four copies). -Coles, J. S. Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -Cole, Mrs., Underwood. -Collier, John, Esq., Plymouth. -Conway, Rev. W., Rochester. -Conway, Miss, ditto. -Cork, Rev. Duncan, M.A., Ivy Bridge (four copies). -Cork, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Coryton, A. Esq., Pentillie. -Coryton, Miss, ditto. -Cottle, Mr. John, Ridgeway. -Cotton, W. Esq., Highland House, Ivy Bridge (two copies). -Cotton, Mrs., Highland House, Ivy Bridge (two copies). -Crews, Mr. H., Plympton. -Cummings, Rev. Charles, M.A., Cheadle (four copies). -Curteis, Rev. Thomas, Sevenoaks (four copies). - - * * * * * - -De Dunstanville, Lady -Davis, Rev. C. G., Tewkesbury. -Dawson, J. Esq., London. -Dennis, Rev. Samuel, Stoke. -Dennis, Lardner, Esq. -Dewdney, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Duff, Admiral, Braemoriston, Elgin (four copies). -Duff, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Dyer, Mr. Robert, Norfolk Hotel, London (two copies). - - * * * * * - -Eastlake, George, Esq., Plymouth. -Eastlake, Charles Locke, Esq., London. -Edmonds, Miss, Ridgeway. -Edwards, Captain, Ludbrook House. -Elphinstone, Miss (four copies). -Elliot, Mr., Underwood (two copies). -Evans, William, Esq., Ridgeway. -Evans, W. H. Esq., Stoke Villa. - - * * * * * - -Fanshawe, Captain H., R.N., Tilbuster Lodge, Surrey (two copies). -Fanshawe, Capt. A., Stonehouse. -Flint, Rev. C. W. Raffles, Morden, Surrey (eight copies). -Forster, Mrs., Ditchingham Cottage, Suffolk (two copies). -Forster, Miss Emily, ditto (twenty copies). -Fry, Mr. E., Plymouth. -Furneaux, James, Esq., Swilly. - - * * * * * - -Gardner, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. -Giles, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. -Gordon, Mrs., Inverness. -Gordon, Mrs. Hugh, ditto -Goss, Mr. Robert, Plympton. -Grills, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. - - * * * * * - -Haddock, Mrs., London. -Hales, Mrs., Richmond (two copies). -Hallett, Mrs., Plymouth. -Hall, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Hall, Mr. Sparkes, 308, Regent Street, London. -Hatchard, Rev. John, M.A., Plymouth. -Hawker, W. H. Esq., ditto. -Hicks, Mr. F., ditto. -Hingston, A. Esq., ditto. -Hitchins, Mr. Martin, ditto (two copies). -Holden, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Holmes, Rev. Peter, Plymouth. -Holmes, Mr. Walter, ditto. -Holman, Mr. (and Coombes). -Hook, Mrs., Gascoyne Place, Plymouth. -Howse, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Hullah, Charles, Esq., London (four copies). -Hullah, Rev. Thomas, M.A., Ridgeway (four copies). -Hunt, Major, Penquit Lodge. - - * * * * * - -Jago, Robert, Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -James, W. T. Esq. R.N., Plympton. -James, Mr., Exeter. -Jauncey, Francis, Esq. (four copies). -Jones, Miss Braemoriston, Elgin (four copies). -Julian, Mr. George, Plympton. - - * * * * * - -Kington, Thomas, Esq., Charlton House (four copies). -King, Mrs. James, Burrington (two copies). -Kingdon, Mr. John, Ridgeway (two copies). -Kirby, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. - - * * * * * - -Lewis, Lady Theresa (four copies). -Lewis, G. Cornwall, Esq. (four copies). -Lane, Rev. Richard, Coffleet. -Lane, Mr. Richard, Ridgeway. -Langmead, Rev. G. W., M.A., Plymouth (two copies). -Langworthy, Richard, Esq., Plympton (eight copies). -Laskey, Mrs. Underwood. -Lavers, Joanna, ditto. -Lavers, Mr. James, Ridgeway. -Ley, George, Esq., Cockington. -Ley, Miss, ditto. -Lidstone, Mr. Roger, Plymouth. -Luttrell, Miss, Tilbuster Lodge, Surrey (two copies). - - * * * * * - -Morley, the Earl of (eight copies). -Morley, the Countess of (eight copies). -Morley, the Dowager Countess of (four copies). -Macfarlane, Mrs., Inverness (five copies). -Magrath, Sir George, M.D., Plymouth. -Mangles, Captain C. E. -Martin, the Rev. Chancellor, Exeter. -Marsh, Rev. W. M.A., Ashburton (four copies). -Mayhew, C. H. Esq., London. -May, Rev. John, M.A., Ugborough. -Mears, Rev. H., Snow Hill, Hartish (two copies). -Mellish, Miss (eight copies). -Milner, Colonel, Plymouth. -Molesworth, Rev. William, M.A., St. Brooke. -Molesworth, Rev. Hugh. -Molesworth, Rev. Paul. -Molesworth, Walter Hele, Esq., Goodamoor. -Morrice, Rev. W. D., M.A. Plymouth. -Mudge, Col. R. E., Beechwood (eight copies). -Mudge, Zach. Esq. M.A. (two copies). -Murray, Captain, Gosport. - - * * * * * - -Osmond, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Overton, Mr. S., London. -Oxenham, Mrs., Southernhay, Exeter. - - * * * * * - -Page, J. Esq., London. -Page, Mr., Plymouth. -Palk, Lawrence, Esq. -Palk, Mrs. -Parker, Montague, Esq., Whiteway (four copies). -Parker, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Parker, Mr. I., Ridgeway. -Parkhouse, Mr. S., Plymouth. -Parsons, Mr., ditto. -Pasmore, Mrs. E., Plympton St. Mary. -Pepperall, Mary, Underwood. -Pinwill, Rev. W. James, Plymouth (two copies). -Pearse, Mr. J., Plympton. -Phillipps, C. J. Esq., 1st Royals, Landue, Cornwall. -Phillipps, Miss Caroline, ditto. -Phillipps, Miss Barbara, ditto. -Plimsaul Brothers, Messrs., Plymouth (two copies). -Pitcher, W. H. Esq., London. -Pitts, Mrs. Jane, ditto. -Pitts, Mrs., Hay, Plympton St. Mary. -Praed, W. Mackworth, Esq., Delamore. -Praed, Mrs. W. Mackworth, ditto. -Prance, W. Esq., Plymouth. -Pridham, George, Esq., ditto. -Pirdham, W. Esq., Plymouth. -Pym, Rev. F., Bickleigh. - - * * * * * - -Rack, W. M. Esq., London. -Reep, Richard T. Esq., London. -Robertson, Major, Lyncolm, Bath. -Roberts, Ann, Ridgeway. -Roe, H. Esq., Gnaton. -Rogers, Captain, R.N., Plymouth. - - * * * * * - -St. Germans, the Earl of -St. Germans, the Countess of -Seymour, Rev. Sir J. Culme, Bart. (two copies). -Seymour, Lady -Sarah, Mr., Merafield. -Saunders, Mrs., Kitley. -Saunders, George R. Esq., Wadebridge. -Scudamore, Rev. W. E., M.A., Ditchingham. -Sealy, Miss, Bristol (two copies). -Selerne, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Shepherd, John, Esq. Townsend Hill (two copies). -Shortland, Mrs. George, Lipson. -Smale, Mr. G., Plympton St. Mary. -Smeaton, Rev. S. B., Sheepstor. -Smith, Rev. Hinton, Plymouth. -Smythe, Rev. John, Ridgeway (eight copies). -Smythe, Mrs., ditto. -Smythe, Miss, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Agnes, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Mary, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Altha, ditto. -Soltau, George W. Esq., Efford (four copies). -Soltau, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Soltau, Mrs. William, Plymouth (two copies). -Southwood, Mr. Thomas, Underwood. -Spear, Miss, Halton Barton. -Spence, Charles, Esq., Stoke. -Squire, Mr. S., Plymouth. -Squire, Mr., ditto. -Stuart, Douglas, Esq., Handley House, Dor. (four copies). -Stanbury, Mr. H., Ridgeway. -Stanbury, Mr. B. -Stapleton, Augustus Granville, Esq. -Stone, Rev. D. S., Walkhampton. -Stephens, Robert, Esq., Plymouth. -Stockman, Mr. H., Underwood. -Strangways, Mrs., Plymouth. -Street, Fanny, Colebrook. -Strode, George, Esq., Newnham Park (four copies). -Strode, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Strode, George Sidney, Esq., ditto. -Strode, Miss, ditto. -Strode, Miss Florence, ditto. -Symons, Mrs., Chaddlewood (three copies). -Symons, Major, Stonehouse. - - * * * * * - -Tallock, R. T. Esq., London. -Taylor, Rev. Henry, Southpoole (two copies). -Taylour, Mrs. C. -Thomas, D. Esq., London. -Tolcher, Edward, Esq., Ridgeway (four copies). -Toope, Mr. Stephen, Underwood. -Treby, Paul O. Esq., Goodamoor (two copies). -Treby, Henry Hele, Esq., ditto. -Treby, Miss, ditto. -Treby, Miss Blanche J., ditto. -Tremayne, J. H. Esq., Helygan. -Trench, Rev. Francis, M.A. Reading (three copies). - - * * * * * - -Verulam, the Dowager Countess (four copies). -Villiers, the Honourable Mrs. (eight copies). -Vawdon, Mr., Baccamore, Plympton St. Mary. -Vawdon, Mrs., ditto. -Vicary, Mr. T., Plymouth. -Vosper, Mrs., Merafield. - - * * * * * - -Walke, Mrs., Ridgeway (two copies). -Walke, Mr. Andrew, ditto. -Watts, Rev. Prebendary, Gunville Rectory, Dorset. -Weekes, Mr., Professor of Music, Plymouth. -Whetham, Mrs., Kirklington Hall, Notts. (two copies). -White, Miss, Seven Trees, Plymouth (two copies). -White, Miss, Sarah, ditto (two copies). -White, Miss, Smithaleigh, Plympton St. Mary. -Widdicombe, Mr. J., Ludbrook Cottage. -Williams, Rev. C. K., D.D., Plympton. -Williams, John Esq., Ham Street (two copies). -Wills, Mr., Plymouth. -Wills, Mr. J., ditto. -Wilmot, Captain. -Wilmot, Mrs. -Wollacott, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Woollcombe, Captain, R.N., Hemerdon (four copies). -Woollcombe, Rev. E. C., M.A., Oxford. -Woodman, C. B. Esq., York House, Hampstead. -Woodman, Mrs., ditto. - - * * * * * - -Yabsley, Jane, Saltram Lodge -Yonge, Rev. J., Puslinch. - - * * * * * - - PLYMOUTH - ROGER LIDSTONE, PRINTER, - GEORGE STREET. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{1} By the census in 1841, the population was 2757 and it is computed, -at the present time, to be above 3000. - -{2} This valley is at present little else than an extensive marsh, which -has been redeemed from the Lary, or Laira, an estuary into which the -river Plym empties itself. A dense fog, of a peculiar character, -frequently rises from this valley, after sun-set, at all seasons of the -year, and hangs about the adjacent hill, assuming the appearance of a -white cloud. - -{14} This gentleman was the medical officer for the parish; and the -epidemic having been chiefly prevalent among the labouring class of -people, the frequent mention of his name will be accounted for. - -When it pleased God to withdraw the disease from this neighbourhood, the -skilful manner in which Mr. Langworthy had treated it, and his -unremitting attention to the arduous duties of his office, were duly -acknowledged at a parish meeting, with an addition to his salary; and a -handsome piece of plate, purchased by subscription, was presented to him. -He died a few years afterwards. - -{18} A supply of all those medicines, &c., which were considered to be -requisite, was provided out of the subscription fund, and kept at my -house; viz., castor oil, tincture of rhubarb, laudanum,—packets, of -different proportions, ready made up and marked, of powdered rhubarb, -carbonate of soda, powdered ginger, and calomel. Carageen moss, -arrow-root, patent groats, mustard, linseed, chloride of lime, -stimulating liniment, called “cholera lotion,” spirits of turpentine, -spirits of salvolatile, &c. From nine to ten every morning, poor people -were supplied with what they required,—some, with common remedies for -slight indisposition; others, according to prescriptions which they -received from their medical attendant,—all under the direction or -sanction of some medical practitioner. - -{42} When Sergeant Higgins was suddenly carried off by the cholera, a -feeling of the deepest commiseration for his wife and children was -excited among the officers and privates of the regiment. They -immediately entered into a subscription, and when the sorrowing widow was -about to leave the Citadel with her four young children, on her journey -to Cork, they presented her with a purse containing twenty sovereigns. -The poor creature was so overpowered by the conflicting feelings of grief -for her loss, and gratitude for such an unexpected act of generosity, -that she was unable, without assistance, to get to the waggon in which -she was to travel. Some of her late husband’s comrades and their wives -accompanied her; and so affecting was the parting scene, that more than -one manly cheek was bedewed with tears when the sad farewell was -exchanged. How soon was it realized as a last farewell! - -Immediately after the funeral, I wrote to her relations at Cork, -informing them of the mournful event, and requesting them to inform me -what arrangements they would suggest respecting the children. The -youngest, aged one year, died of the cholera in our hospital, in a -fortnight after the decease of its mother. At this time, a person -arrived, to take charge of the children. Before they left the workhouse, -where every care had been taken of them, their relation requested to know -what was due to the parish. In reply to which, he was informed, that -“the last tribute of respect and Christian sympathy to a broken-hearted -widow, was reserved for her helpless little orphans.” Nothing was -accepted. The purse which she had with her was returned, with the -contents untouched. - -{45} This man and his wife had been very active and useful, as nurses, -and they occupied an upstair apartment, in the same cottage with -Parsons’s family. - -{48} The town of Plympton, in the parish of Plympton St. Maurice, is -situate a few hundred yards eastward from Underwood, in the same valley -which lies below that village. - -Some displeasure was expressed, at Plympton, on account of Susan Taylor -having gone to her brother-in-law’s house, as that place had hitherto -been free from the epidemic. - -An influential gentleman there wrote to me on the subject, to the -following effect:— - - I dare say you have heard that the cholera has unhappily appeared - among us, owing to the widow of Taylor and her child, having - emigrated last night from Underwood to Plympton, and slept at the - house of her brother, in consequence of her having no other abode . . - . It is requisite that you should be aided by the practical - co-operation of others, and particularly that you should be - empowered, by the vote of the parish, to enforce in your overseers - the full and immediate performance of their duty . . . If the poor - of Plympton St. Mary are driven from their houses by accident or - pestilence, they are equally entitled to be taken care of by the - parish officers, and it is their bounden duty instantly to provide - them with some other habitation. Had that been attended to - yesterday, we should (at least in the present case) have been exempt - from the pestilence to-day. - - Dated August 11th, 1832. - -{50} I received the following letter, in consequence of some difficulty -that had arisen respecting the power of our present Board of Health to -make any order for assistance from the parish; the parish officers having -hitherto taken no steps for that purpose:— - - Rose Cottage, Ridgeway, August 11, 1832. - - My dear Sir, - - As the dread malady with which this neighbourhood is unhappily - afflicted does not appear to have yet run its course (neither - Ridgeway nor Colebrook having been much affected), and as it is - utterly impossible that one medical man, however active and zealous, - can attend on half the cases; nor is it possible that you should be - able to continue your exertions as you have done, unless the patients - are more concentrated: under these considerations, I beg to suggest - the propriety of calling a meeting to-morrow, to consider the - expediency of appointing some place to receive the poor people that - may be attacked, and also to depute some one to act as assistant - overseer; as the overseer resides so far off, a deputy is absolutely - necessary. - - I remain, my dear Sir, - - Yours, &c. - B. CROCKER. - -{52} Carbonate of soda, one drachm; muriate of soda (or common salt, now -chloride of sodium), one drachm; oxymuriate of potash (now chlorate of -potash), six grains; mixed in a quart of water, heated exactly 110 -degrees by a thermometer. In cases where this remedy was resorted to, -from four to seven quarts were injected. - -{54} Some parishioners met in the Vestry-room, after the morning -service, and it was resolved, that, as the present Board of Health, being -only self-appointed, has not the power of making an order upon the parish -for any assistance, under the present distressing emergency, the chairman -be requested to write to the secretary of the Central Board, expressing -the earnest wish of the members of the Plympton St. Mary Board to be -legally constituted. - -{56} I wrote to the secretary of the Central Board of Health, Whitehall, -informing him that a Board of Health had been appointed in the parish, -and requesting, on the part of the Board, that the Board might -immediately receive the sanction of the Privy Council, in order to their -being enabled to exercise the requisite authority for endeavouring to -prevent the spreading of the cholera; at the same time, requesting to be -furnished with copies of the “Orders in Council.” - -{65} Providentially that person sustained no injury or inconvenience -from such a beautiful trait of a feeling heart; and it was not passed -over unrequited. - -{70a} A letter from the secretary of the Central Board was received, -enclosing an order of the Lords of the Privy Council, appointing a Board -of Health at Plympton St. Mary. Notice was given for a meeting of the -parishioners, on the 22nd. - -{70b} Board of Health, Plympton St. Mary, legally constituted August -18th, 1832:—George Strode, Esq., Newnham Park; Richard Rosdew, Esq., -Beechwood; Capt. Woollcombe, R.N., Hemerdon; Henry Hele Treby, Esq., -Goodamoor; George William Soltau, Esq., Efford; Augustus Granville -Stapleton, Esq., St. Mary’s Hill, Ridgeway; Rev. Edward Beauchamp St. -John, Underwood; Robert Langworthy, Esq.; Benjamin Crocker, Esq., Rose -Cottage, Ridgeway; Mr. Delville, Underwood; Mr. Pearse, Mr. Cork, Mr. -Day, Mr. Worth, Mr. Pollard, Mr. Hilson, Mr. Yolland, Mr. Willing, Mr. -Olver, Mr. Brewer; William I. Coppard, Chairman. - -{72} Mr. Richard Langworthy was at the time a student in medicine, and -came to assist his relation soon after the cholera began to spread at -Underwood. - -{83} According to notice, duly given, a meeting of the parishioners was -held on this day, in the Vestry-room, at the Church; present, Mr. Richard -Worth, Mr. Wm. Delville. “Resolved, That this meeting be adjourned from -the Vestry-room in the Church, to the Plymouth Inn, Ridgeway; some of the -Parishioners having objected to meet in the Vestry-room in the Church, or -in the room at the Workhouse, where vestry meetings have hitherto been -held, on account of apprehension of danger of infection from the -cholera.” The meeting was adjourned accordingly. - - WILLIAM I. COPPARD, Chairman. - - “An adjourned meeting of the parishioners was held on this day, at - the Plymouth Inn, Ridgeway; present, George Strode, Esq., William - Langmead, Esq., George William Soltau, Esq., B. Crocker, Esq., Mr. J. - Yolland, Mr. William Delville, Mr. Worth, Mr. Willing, Mr. Joseph - Pearse, Mr. Brewer. Resolved, That a Board of Health having been - regularly appointed in the parish, under the authority of the Lords - of H.M. most honourable Privy Council, in compliance with the - proposition of the Board, the sum of twenty pounds be paid to the - order of the chairman of the said Board, for the purpose of meeting - the present expenses of the Board.” - - WILLIAM I. COPPARD, Chairman. - -{85a} The clergyman of Plympton St. Maurice, having sickness in his -family, requested me to visit some of his parishioners whenever I had an -opportunity. - -{85b} Mr. Deeble Boger was present in several of the worst cases of -cholera, in the town of Plympton; and his benevolent and active exertions -contributed materially to mitigate the sufferings of the afflicted -people. - -{96} Susan Taylor subsequently married an honest and industrious -labourer. They have five young children, and are living at Underwood at -the present time. - -{103} Represented on the left hand of the foreground, in the woodcut. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE CHOLERA*** - - -******* This file should be named 67063-0.txt or 67063-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/7/0/6/67063 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: Cottage scenes during the cholera - being extracts from a diary written in July and August, 1832 - - -Author: William Isaac Coppard - - - -Release Date: January 1, 2022 [eBook #67063] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE -CHOLERA*** -</pre> -<p>Transcribed from the 1848 F. & J. Rivington edition by -David Price. Many thanks to the British Library for making -their copy available.</p> -<div><div class='figure' style='text-align: center'> -<div class='figureimage'> - -<a href="images/fpb.jpg"> -<img alt= -"Plympton St. Mary Church" -title= -"Plympton St. Mary Church" - src="images/fps.jpg" /> -</a></div> -<div class='figurecaption'> -Plympton St. Mary Church</div> -</div> -</div> -<h1>COTTAGE SCENES<br /> -<span class="GutSmall">DURING</span><br /> -THE CHOLERA.</h1> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center">BEING EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY WRITTEN -IN<br /> -JULY AND AUGUST, 1832.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">BY -THE</span><br /> -REV. W. I. COPPARD, M.A.,</p> -<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">INCUMBENT OF -PLYMPTON ST. MARY, DEVONSHIRE; AND DOMESTIC</span><br /> -<span class="GutSmall">CHAPLAIN TO THE EARL OF MORLEY.</span></p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> - -<div class="gapshortline"> </div> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center">LONDON:<br /> -F. & J. RIVINGTON; HAMILTON, ADAMS, AND CO.;<br /> -HATCHARD & SON; AND MASTERS;<br /> -<span class="GutSmall">EXETER: H. J. WALLIS. PLYMOUTH: R. -LIDSTONE.</span></p> -<p style="text-align: center">1848.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<blockquote><p><a name="pageiii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -iii</span>“<span class="GutSmall">TAKE HEED UNTO THYSELF, -AND KEEP THY SOUL DILIGENTLY, LEST THOU FORGET THE THINGS WHICH -THINE EYES HAVE SEEN, AND LEST THEY DEPART FROM THY HEART ALL THE -DAYS OF THY LIFE</span>.”</p> -<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">Deut</span>. -<span class="smcap">iv</span>. 9.</p> -</blockquote> -<h2><a name="pageiv"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -iv</span>PREFACE.</h2> -<p><span class="smcap">In</span> compliance with the repeated -request of some highly valued friends, these Extracts are offered -to the Public. They possess no recommendation beyond that -of being a plain statement of facts, for the authenticity of -which, there are many living witnesses: and the writer of them -humbly prays that, by the blessing of God, they may contain some -hints which will be beneficial to his fellow-creatures.</p> -<h2><a name="page1"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -1</span>INTRODUCTION.</h2> -<p><span class="smcap">The</span> Parish of Plympton St. Mary, at -a distance of about four miles from Plymouth, is bounded on the -west by the river Plym. From Long-Bridge, which crosses the -river, it extends eastward nearly six miles. The -population, <a name="citation1"></a><a href="#footnote1" -class="citation">[1]</a> at the time of the census of 1831, -consisted of 2152, and is scattered over an area of nearly thirty -square miles. Independently of gentlemen’s seats, -numerous farm houses, and small clusters of cottages in isolated -spots, there are seven villages within the parish; viz., -Ridgeway, Underwood, Colebrook, Hemerdon, Sparkwell, <a -name="page2"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span>Venton, and a -part of Lee-Mill-Bridge, containing, upon an average, in each, -from 150 to 300 inhabitants, chiefly agricultural labourers.</p> -<p>Near the western extremity, stands the venerable Parish -Church, in a picturesque valley, within a few hundred yards of -the three first-named villages. Colebrook is on the lowest -ground, adjacent to a small river; Ridgeway is situated higher; -and Underwood, the main scene of the disastrous ravages of the -cholera (having been nearly decimated out of a population of 300, -and where, at one time, 200 individuals were affected, more or -less, with symptoms of the fearful epidemic), lies east and west -on the north slope of a hill which rises above a valley <a -name="citation2"></a><a href="#footnote2" -class="citation">[2]</a> terminating at the river Plym. A -small brook winds <a name="page3"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -3</span>its way at the foot of the hill; and a little stream, -issuing from a spring which rises at the western end, runs -through a part of the village, in an open gutter on the side of -the road.</p> -<p>The poorer portion of the inhabitants are as well conducted -and cleanly in their habits as the generality of labouring -people; and their cottages, for the most part, are kept in a -creditable condition.</p> -<p>The four last-named villages are at the eastern end of the -parish, three or four miles distant from the Church, and are -situated on elevated ground, bordering on the Moors. The -air in the neighbourhood is considered to be very healthy. -No such density of population exists in any one locality which -might be supposed to produce a prejudicial effect on the -salubrity of the atmosphere. Therefore, as far as local -advantages could be depended upon, every thing tended to -encourage the idea, that the parish was not so liable to be -infected with the cholera as many other places.</p> -<p><a name="page4"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 4</span>Up to the -month of July, 1832, when that disease was making fearful havoc -at Plymouth and the adjoining towns, a flattering hope was still -entertained that, by the mercy of God, we should escape. -But it pleased Him “who ordereth all things with infinite -wisdom,” and “whose ways are past finding out,” -that it should be otherwise; and on the 13th of July, the first -instance of a case of the cholera in the parish, occurred at -Underwood.</p> -<p>It must not be supposed, however, that no precautionary steps -had been taken. The great importance and necessity of -sanatory measures had been felt and acted upon in the -neighbourhood, long before. A public meeting, especially -convened for that purpose, was held at Ridgeway, on the 8th of -November, 1831. The principal gentlemen of the parish were -present. A Board of Health was formed; and the immediate -attention of the board was directed to the following -objects:—</p> -<p class="gutlist">“1. The state of the highways, -dung pits, and gutters.</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page5"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -5</span>“2. The state of the houses of the poor, as -regards whitewashing, ventilation, and bedding.</p> -<p class="gutlist">“3. The providing common -necessaries, and requisite medicines.</p> -<p class="gutlist">“4. The engaging (provisionally, -so as to be able to enter it at a moment’s warning) a -proper house, to be used as a hospital; or, otherwise, to arrange -with adjoining parishes for a joint occupation of any such -convenient building; so that the distance for the removal of the -sick should be as small as possible.</p> -<p class="gutlist">“5. That two members of the board -(to be arranged among themselves) do daily take the duty of -superintending the due execution of the above regulations.</p> -<p class="gutlist">“6. That a subscription be -forthwith entered into for the above purposes.</p> -<p class="gutlist">“7. That the Rev. W. I. <span -class="smcap">Coppard</span> be requested to act as treasurer and -secretary.”</p> -<p>A subscription was immediately raised; and the measure, as far -as it was practicable, was carried into effect under the <a -name="page6"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 6</span>superintendence -of those gentlemen who were members of the committee, at the -villages which were contiguous to their respective -residences.</p> -<p>During the month of November, the poor who whitewashed their -dwellings, in compliance with the recommendation of the -committee, were paid for the time they had lost. Lime was -conveyed to their houses, and delivered to them free of -expense. If unable to use the whitewash themselves, masons -were employed for them.</p> -<p>All heaps of manure, &c., which had been accumulated near -dwelling-houses, were removed; drains were cleansed, and some -enlarged. In several instances, blankets were supplied to -those whose bedding was in a bad state, or too scanty.</p> -<p>Thus far, sanatory measures were adopted more than eight -months before any symptoms of the disease appeared in the -parish.</p> -<p>From this time to the month of July, 1832, it pleased God, in -mercy, to spare <a name="page7"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -7</span>us. The pestilence, however, was raging far and -near. The dark and threatening cloud still lowered -around. But months passed on; until, at last, it approached -with awful warning. Then “fearfulness and trembling -came upon us.” And “in the time of trouble we -called upon the Lord.” Then were acknowledged -“the neglect of God’s ordinances, the misuse of his -bounties, and the offences which had been multiplied in the -land.”</p> -<p>As, long before this, temporal precautions had been resorted -to, with the hope that, under the blessing of God, they might be -instrumental towards the averting of the impending danger; so, -trembling penitents also sought, in humble prayer, the only -effectual remedy to assist in setting their spiritual house in -order,—the merciful aid of a pardoning God, through the -merits and intercession of a crucified Saviour. Humbled to -the dust, under a sense of sin and unworthiness, which now -appeared in fearful reality, they pleaded for mercy before the -Throne of <a name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -8</span>Grace, comforted by the promise of their Heavenly -Advocate, “Whosoever cometh unto me, I will in no wise cast -out.” They fled in earnest to the “Rock of -Ages,” for shelter from the storm. Having been thus -prepared for the approaching trial, when it did fall on them, -they experienced a merciful answer to their cry for help, and -were supported in their last hour; for the nearer death -approached, it was, in numerous instances, met with resignation, -tranquillity, and peace.</p> -<p>When we ponder these things, and reflect upon the uncertainty -of life, whether exhibited in the ordinary or the extraordinary -course of nature, we cannot but feel how important it is to -cherish within us a spirit of watchfulness and prayer. -This, by the blessing of God, and the merits of the Saviour, will -disarm death of its sting, and dispel, or at least mitigate, the -fears which assail us in the time of danger. Amidst the -varying scenes of life, this frame of mind carries a blessing -with it; and, when we are about <a name="page9"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 9</span>to quit them, it will bring us peace -at the last.</p> -<p>“Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the -time is.”</p> -<p>“Blessed are those servants whom the Lord when he cometh -shall find watching.”</p> -<p>God grant that the recollection of the fearful events which -the following plain narrative recalls, may revive, and render -permanent, not the terrors of the mere outward circumstances, but -the pious vows and resolutions which accompanied them.</p> -<p>It may be necessary here to remark, in reference to the -prominent allusion, in the following pages, to the writer -himself, that in the details of a Diary it could not be -avoided. A panic had spread in the neighbourhood, from a -conviction that the disease was not only epidemic, but -contagious. The consequence was, that all intercourse -between the inhabitants of other villages with Underwood, was -either prohibited, or avoided as much as possible. As one -proof of this, a servant in another part of the parish, who <a -name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>went to -Underwood to see a relation, at a house where there was no -sickness, was immediately discharged.</p> -<p>Thus the difficulty of obtaining assistance, and of providing -nurses, was lamentably increased. The sick and dying, who -had no one to help them, sought their minister, as their only -earthly friend: and in the closing scenes of their existence, -they called aloud for his presence. Such an appeal, both to -the common feelings of humanity, as well as to one of the highest -obligations of a Christian minister, could not be otherwise than -irresistible. There is nothing remarkable, therefore, in -the circumstance of a clergyman, residing close to the village -afflicted with such an awful visitation, having endeavoured to -render all the assistance in his power, independently of -attending to the important duties of his sacred office. -Who, among the clergy, would not have done the same, in a similar -case of emergency? Many names are on record, of those who -exerted all their energies, in a manner far more valuable and -important.</p> -<p><a name="page11"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 11</span>When we -recollect the scenes at Bilston, Sedgly, Plymouth, and other -populous districts, where the epidemic spread among thousands, it -is evident that the labour and exertion of those whose duty -called upon them to attend the sick, must have been past -description. Few, under such circumstances, had an -opportunity of remaining any great length of time to watch the -progress of particular cases, or of taking minutes of them. -But where the disease was confined within narrower limits, and -not more than two or three hundred had been affected by it, the -difficulty of taking notes became proportionably less. This -has probably been done in many instances, which, at present, have -not been made known. But it has been strongly urged that -the publication of them might be highly useful; as an opportunity -would be thus afforded for those who are the most competent for -the undertaking, to compare the details of variation of -character, which this extraordinary disease may have exhibited -under different circumstances; <a name="page12"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 12</span>and by these means to arrive at some -additional conclusions as to how far it has resisted or yielded -to the application of particular modes of treatment.</p> -<p>The <i>Christian Observer</i> (No. 381, Sept. 1833, page 511) -expresses this opinion in the following words:—</p> -<blockquote><p>“It might be well if clergymen, or other -persons, would draw up a record of any remarkable circumstances, -in their respective vicinities, connected with the -visitation. These local narratives would form valuable -notices towards a history of this mysterious disease.</p> -<p>“It would not be uninteresting to compare the memoranda, -moral and physical, of an inland manufacturing town like Bilston, -suffering under the affliction, with those of a scattered rural -district, or a seaport population, such as that of Plymouth, -which the disease visited with almost unexampled -rigour.”</p> -</blockquote> -<h2><a name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -13</span>EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY,<br /> -&c.</h2> -<p>1832, <i>July</i> 13. Mellonia Thorn (who came from -Plymouth, where the cholera was prevailing, on Wednesday, the -11th, in perfect health, to Underwood, on a visit to her -daughter, Mary Pepperall), after a few hours’ illness, died -this evening of that disease. I called to see her, but she -was too near her end to derive benefit or consolation from any -one.</p> -<p>So sudden was the attack which seized this poor woman, that -the greatest dismay and confusion prevailed among the inmates of -the house. She rose in the morning, apparently quite well, -and was occupied during the day, until three o’clock, p.m., -in ironing her son’s linen. About this <a -name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 14</span>time, she -complained of sickness, and in less than half-an-hour, other -symptoms of cholera followed with fearful rapidity.</p> -<p>While she was in this state, a neighbour called to see her, -and advised her to try the effect of <i>brandy</i>. <i>Her -friends followed this advice</i>, <i>and gave her half a glass of -brandy every ten minutes or quarter of an hour</i>, <i>until she -had taken half a pint</i>.</p> -<p>Between six and seven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy <a -name="citation14"></a><a href="#footnote14" -class="citation">[14]</a> arrived. But the second or cold -stage had come on. The poor woman was more tranquil than -she had been, but much exhausted, and harassed by continual -thirst. The disease progressed so <a -name="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 15</span>rapidly, that -it baffled every effort to afford relief. Various remedies -were tried, without the least effect. A vein was -opened,—no blood flowed,—it was congealed,—and, -gradually, between nine and ten o’clock, the poor sufferer -ceased to breathe.</p> -<p>The news of this fearfully sudden death soon spread through -the parish. Many a heart, with anxious throb, sickened -under gloomy forebodings; and many lips, hitherto unaccustomed to -prayer, began to seek, through that neglected resource, the mercy -of God.</p> -<p><i>July</i> 14. The funeral of Mellonia Thorn took place -to-day. The advice, that as few persons as possible should -be present, was strictly attended to. Two only, besides the -bearers, were there! and, in the stillness of a lovely summer -eve,—no sound interrupting the sublime burial service of -our Church, and with an increased solemnity, consequent upon such -an awakening occasion,—the mortal remains of this first -victim of the cholera in our parish were consigned to the -grave!</p> -<p><a name="page16"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -16</span><i>July</i> 27. John Gulley, of Underwood, aged -fifty-three, died this afternoon. He was unwell a few days; -but thought that, as his indisposition was unaccompanied by pain, -it was of no importance. Medical aid was not called in, -until he had fallen into the second stage of cholera; and he was -rapidly carried off.</p> -<p><i>July</i> 28. Having been informed that precautionary -measures were much required at the house where John Gulley died, -I went there, enquired for the family, and gave directions for -fumigating the rooms, the use of chloride of lime, &c.</p> -<p>When I quitted this house, some poor people implored me to go -to Edward Tretheway’s cottage (situate very near John -Gulley’s), to see his daughter, a little girl, ten years of -age, who was “in a dying state.” She was much -beloved by the neighbours; and several women were standing in -groups about the house, anxiously enquiring about her. She -was also an object of more than ordinary interest to myself, as -<a name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span>she was -one of the best-behaved children in our Sunday School.</p> -<p>On entering the cottage, the alarm of the family was -manifested in the neglected state of every thing -around,—tea-things scattered about the table—the -homely meal left half-finished—by the fire-side, a poor man -was endeavouring to pacify two or three frightened -children—some women who had called to assist their -neighbour, stood aghast, incapable of doing any thing. The -afflicted mother pointed to the stairs, and begged me hasten to -see the child before it was too late. In the room above, -the scene was very affecting. The poor little creature was -on a bed, with her clothes on, supported on her weeping -father’s arm—her countenance collapsed, and her hands -characterized by all the signs of the second stage of -cholera,—no indication of pulse—scarcely a sign of -life—from all appearances, the disease had secured its -prey.</p> -<p>That no time might be lost before the arrival of Mr. -Langworthy, who had been sent for, I recommended that she should -<a name="page18"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 18</span>be -immediately undressed, and placed between hot blankets; and I -went home for some medicines, <a name="citation18"></a><a -href="#footnote18" class="citation">[18]</a> blankets, -&c. Mr. Langworthy came, and the application of -friction was adopted with apparent success, as indications of -returning animation were shortly visible, but not of warmth about -the body. On recovering her recollection, and being timid -of strangers, she could not be prevailed upon to take any thing -except from myself. I left her for a short time, to attend -the funeral of John Gulley. When I returned, a hot-air bath -had been procured, and a fair trial given to it; but <a -name="page19"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 19</span>the only -effect produced was a profuse, but cold, perspiration. The -harassing symptoms of the disease were not subdued. Every -thing was tried which human aid could suggest to relieve her, but -she was rapidly sinking.</p> -<p>Mr. L. requested me to remain with her during his absence, -which was unavoidably prolonged two hours. When he -returned, she was sensible, and free from pain; but no warmth -could be produced. About twelve o’clock, her -countenance suddenly resumed its natural appearance—her -eyes, their intelligence. I took her hand, which she held -out to me. The icy chill seemed to have yielded in a slight -degree. We thought the crisis was over, and that she was on -the recovery; but, in an instant—without a -sigh—without even a lengthened breath—her eyes were -glazed! and her gentle spirit winged its flight, I trust, to that -blessed Lord, who said, “Suffer little children to come -unto me, and forbid them not; for of such is the kingdom of -heaven.”</p> -<p><a name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>I -called the parents aside, before they were conscious of what had -happened, and remained conversing with them, until their minds -were sufficiently tranquillized to offer up an evening prayer, in -which all the family devoutly joined; and at one in the morning, -I concluded my pastoral visit, sincerely sympathizing with that -poor family.</p> -<p><i>July</i> 29. Ann Tretheway, aged ten years, was -buried.</p> -<p><i>July</i> 30. Edward, the father of Ann Tretheway, -taken ill. Mr. Langworthy having been sent for to attend -another patient, in compliance with his wish, and under his -directions, I watched the case, as it was of a serious nature, -attended with incessant sickness, diarrhea, considerable cramp, -weakness, and slight discoloration of the fingers and nails.</p> -<p>Five fresh cases reported.</p> -<p><i>July</i> 31. All the patients going on -favourably.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 1. Edward Tretheway slightly salivated, -but much better. Very sensible <a name="page21"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 21</span>of the mercy he has experienced, and -devoutly thankful. May the impression, arising from the -death of their child, and the man’s own recovery from the -threatened danger, never be obliterated from the minds of this -family.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 2. No new cases.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 3. Several people came in the morning for -castor oil, rhubarb, &c. Went to Venton and -Lee-Mill-Bridge, to see some people who were ill.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 4. At ten, a.m., sent for to William -Williams, aged thirty-nine, at Underwood. His wife, in -great distress, said he had been very ill on the preceding day, -and all the night. <i>He had tried to stop the pain in his -bowels with hot brandy and water</i>, and peppermint; but he had -derived no relief. After eighteen hours’ sickness, -the medical gentleman who always attended the family had been -sent for. When he arrived, he did not consider the symptoms -serious; but, being summoned to a very bad case, he went away, -merely ordering the patient <a name="page22"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 22</span>to be kept warm until his -return. He had been gone two hours; and during that -interval the poor man had fallen into the second stage of -cholera.</p> -<p>Much valuable time having already elapsed, it was suggested -that active measures should be immediately commenced, to restore -warmth, if possible. Mustard poultices and friction, as in -other cases, were then adopted. He was quite sensible; and, -appearing somewhat easier, on being asked how he felt, he shook -his head, saying, “It is a bad business: I shall never get -over it.” He had become much weaker, and was -perfectly aware of his danger. It was proposed that we -should again address ourselves, in prayer, to the Throne of -Grace. This, he most earnestly desired; his wife and aged -mother, at the same time, kneeling by the bed, seeking refuge -where alone it could be found. It was a sad and solemn -scene,—no ray of hope that he would recover. These -poor afflicted people, however, derived much comfort from having -<a name="page23"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 23</span>thus -lifted up their sorrowing hearts in prayer to their God and -Saviour; and they became more composed and resigned.</p> -<p>As medical advice had been procured, we did not feel justified -in having recourse to other remedies than those of the simplest -kind, our object being merely to allay, or prevent, -suffering. When the medical attendant returned, he was much -surprised to find the disease had made such a rapid and fatal -progress. He ordered the patient to be immersed in cold -water. This could be borne only one minute. The poor -creature was sinking; and shortly afterwards he died.</p> -<p>The death of this man created great sympathy among the people -of the village; many with tears lamenting the sudden loss of a -quiet and respected neighbour. At the same time, increased -alarm became very apparent throughout the little community -around.</p> -<p>The neighbourhood was now considered to be infected with the -awful disease. After the sad scene at this house, every <a -name="page24"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 24</span>precaution, -to prevent it from spreading, was promptly attended to. -Chloride of lime was abundantly used, and the rooms were -whitewashed.</p> -<p>On the opposite side of the road, a woman, named Honey, was -labouring under a serious attack of the disease. Several -persons, from different houses, came to me and entreated me to -step in, if only for one minute, to see a husband, a wife, or a -child, who were unwell. This arose, not only from an -anxiety for spiritual comfort; but, in many instances, from an -apprehension of danger, on the least indication of indisposition, -and a wish to know how to proceed, if medical advice could not be -immediately obtained.</p> -<p><i>Sunday</i>, <i>August</i> 5. As I passed through -Underwood before the morning service, I visited Michael Mc. -Kenny, who had been taken suddenly ill yesterday, whilst at -work. The disease was gaining ground—Mr. Langworthy -away from home, and his return uncertain; therefore, I adopted -the same course which he had previously recommended <a -name="page25"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 25</span>me to pursue -under similar circumstances.</p> -<p>A larger congregation than usual assembled at the Church, both -parts of the day; and, although our services are generally -observed with strict propriety, upon this occasion, a death-like -stillness, and a marked solemnity of deportment prevailed. -About double the usual number also availed themselves of the -opportunity of receiving the Holy Communion. If the serious -contemplation, that the fearful visitation, with which it has -pleased God in his infinite wisdom to afflict our land, has now -entered within the borders of our parish, and approached the -threshold of our own homes—if the awful and sudden death of -our near neighbours has awakened us to a sense of our mortality, -and the uncertainty of our own lives—if this has added to -the number of sincere worshippers in the sanctuary, and touched -the hearts of the careless with a sense, not only of the danger -of the perishable body, but especially of their <a -name="page26"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 26</span>immortal -souls, thereby leading them to sincere repentance,—then -this very dispensation at the hand of God, though an affliction -heavy to be borne by poor, weak, sinful mortals, will be -acknowledged to have been a blessing in disguise; and, although a -severe chastisement to hundreds, a dispensation of mercy to tens -of thousands.</p> -<p>May God, in mercy, hear the devout prayers of his people, -which have been offered up this day.</p> -<p>After the services were ended, two fresh cases were reported, -at Underwood. At Hurrell’s cottage, which joins that -where Williams died, John Hurrell and his wife Jane, both aged -twenty-seven, were in bed, very ill, with undoubted symptoms of -cholera. At first, they expressed the greatest terror; but, -having raised their thoughts to Him who is “mighty to -save,” and being no strangers to religious habits, or the -happiness which ever accompanies the true Christian in the -exercise of religious duties, they soon became more <a -name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>tranquil, and -could feel the truth of the words, “Thou wilt keep him in -perfect peace whose mind is stayed on thee, because he trusted in -thee.”</p> -<p>Medical assistance had been obtained. I was obliged to -leave them for a time to attend the funeral of Wm. Williams.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 6. Called between five and six in the -morning, to go to Hurl’s, at Underwood. The man and -his wife were in great distress; their eldest child, a fine boy, -six years of age, being in a decided state of collapse. -Before Mr. L.’s arrival, every thing requisite for such a -case of emergency was prepared; but the sickness, &c., was so -incessant, and the prostration of strength increased so rapidly, -little hope could be entertained of his recovery. I -endeavoured, as far as I could, to comfort the afflicted -parents.</p> -<p>At ten o’clock, went to John Andrews’s to see his -daughter, whose symptoms could not be mistaken. As she had -medical aid, I returned to Hurl’s. Mr. L. was there, -and we both went to see West, who had <a name="page28"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 28</span>been unwell a few hours, but was -becoming seriously ill. Mr. L. took a very small quantity -of blood from him. West then expressed a desire to avail -himself of the present opportunity to offer up a prayer to -God.</p> -<p>We returned to Hurl’s. The little boy was much -worse; but quite sensible, and very patient, though suffering -much from cramp. At twelve o’clock, I went again to -Andrews’s. The little girl relieved as to sickness, -and other symptoms much mitigated. Went home for medicines, -and was afterwards occupied at the houses of Hurl, Andrews, and -West, all near neighbours, until late in the afternoon. At -five o’clock, Hurl’s child died.</p> -<p>A messenger came in haste, begging me instantly to go to the -western end of the village to see William Parsons, as he was in a -fearful state of suffering, and no one could be induced to go -near the house to help the family. On entering this -cottage, the scene was truly appalling. The room inhabited -by the family, consisting of the <a name="page29"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 29</span>man, his wife, and five children, is -sixteen feet by fourteen—two beds in it, and on the ground -floor—every thing indicating poverty and confusion. -The man, aged thirty-nine, lay on his bed, an object horrifying -to the beholder,—writhing in torture from the cramp, and -groaning dreadfully—his countenance much -distorted—his flesh ashy blue—his fingers puckered -and twisted, and his nails purple—his knees drawn up to his -chin!</p> -<p>Medicine had been left, with directions, by Mr. L., who had -been called away to other patients. Only one nurse could be -found. A child, three years old, in a cradle in a corner of -the room, discoloured and cold, put aside, by the mother and -nurse as in a hopeless state, as “just dead.” I -applied a mustard poultice to the pit of the stomach of the poor -man, who was shrieking in agony; but he would not permit it to -remain on five minutes. We rubbed his arms with a -stimulating liniment. I gave him the medicine which was -ordered. This frightful scene before <a -name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 30</span>me, and the -offensive effluvia in this wretched place, overcame me. I -thought I must have retreated from it; but if I had done so, the -whole family must have perished, the case having been reported so -malignant, that no one, excepting the two medical attendants, -together with Susan Taylor, and one neighbour, who called -occasionally, would venture near them.</p> -<p>An effort was made to revive the child, as by holding a piece -of a broken looking glass to its mouth, it appeared that she -still breathed.</p> -<p>A faggot having been obtained from a neighbour, a large fire -was made up. The child was put between hot blankets, and -brought near to the fire, and well rubbed. After a short -time, some saline mixture trickled down her throat. In the -course of three hours, she turned in her cradle, and the -discoloured appearance of her body began to wear away. At -intervals I attended to the father, and whenever he became -tranquil, we had resource to prayer. He gave himself up; -and it was <a name="page31"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -31</span>extremely difficult to persuade him to take any -medicine.</p> -<p>I went away to see the Hurrells,—both better,—then -returned to Parsons. Susan Taylor remained, by my request, -to assist as a nurse. The house was in a state of utter -destitution. Not a morsel of food,—no fire, before -the faggot was procured. Those necessaries which were -immediately required, were provided from a neighbouring -shop. The poor man was evidently sinking, and his end fast -approaching; but his sufferings had been considerably diminished -during the last three or four hours. The child was -better. Upon observing a sudden change for the worse in her -husband, his wife fainted; and the scene altogether of distress -and terror was appalling. After awhile, the poor woman -revived.</p> -<p>At twelve o’clock, I went to a neighbouring cottage, -wrote a letter to the overseers, and sent it off. I -entreated them to do something to save the lives of others, by -adopting requisite measures <a name="page32"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 32</span>for the speedy removal of the dead, -as well as of every other cause which might increase the violence -of the disease. I stated the circumstances at -Parsons’s house, and that the man would most probably be a -corpse before my letter was concluded. I returned home at -one, a.m., very unwell, and so fatigued and excited, I could not -sleep.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 7. At six o’clock in the morning a -messenger requested me to go to Underwood, several new cases -having occurred. I was informed, that as soon as I left -Parsons’s, the two Messrs. Langworthy arrived, and that the -poor man lived about half-an-hour afterwards. Mary -Pepperall (the daughter of M. Thorn, deceased) sent for me; she -was in a state of extreme agitation, and was labouring under -severe symptoms of cholera. She had taken calomel and -ginger, in small doses. In accordance with the suggestions -of Mr. L., I gave her powdered rhubarb and ginger, and at -intervals, to allay sickness, carbonate of soda, salvolatile, -&c. She appeared <a name="page33"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 33</span>to be much relieved from pain, and -expressed herself grateful in the highest degree.</p> -<p>Saw Richard Gullett, aged seventy-two. This was an -aggravated case: he was much distressed with cramp, and had no -interval of rest. I merely assisted the medical attendant, -Mr. Osmond, in administering such things as he ordered. -From thence I went to Hurrell’s: his wife was worse, -suffering much from continual sickness and the cramp, and in a -profuse perspiration, approaching to the cold damp of the second -stage of cholera,—the husband, also, harassed by sickness, -&c. complained of violent pain at the pit of the stomach, and -was becoming very restless.</p> -<p>When I contemplated this couple,—both ill in bed, and, -in the prime of life, dreading a rapid dissolution, afflicted -with the agonizing thought that no friend dared to approach their -dwelling to afford them consolation, and appalled at the hasty -manner in which the poor victims of the disease are necessarily -consigned to the <a name="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -34</span>grave,—a feeling of the deepest commiseration for -the wretched sufferers weighed heavily on my spirits. And -when I observed the wistful glance directed towards me, as if my -countenance could be the index of their fate, the responsibility -of my situation pressed with redoubled force upon my mind; and -though “in the midst of life I was in death,” having -cast myself upon the mercy of God for “help in the time of -need,” I became strengthened in my resolution, that, in -dependence upon Divine aid, I would devote myself, to the utmost -of my power, to the service of my poor dying parishioners.</p> -<p>I remained at Hurrell’s, as they required constant -attendance, and they had no nurse at that time. Towards the -evening, both were better. They had applied for medical -advice in the earliest period of their attack. In their -habits they are remarkably cleanly. Besides this, the -satisfactory state of their minds upon religious subjects -dispelled much of their alarm, particularly after they had -received the Holy Communion.</p> -<p><a name="page35"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -35</span>Andrews’s little girl, much better. Richard -Gullett, in a dying state.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 8. Hurrell and his wife both convalescent, -though slightly salivated. Six new cases, with alarming -symptoms. Many people applied for “something to stop -the sickness,” &c. The disease appeared to have -spread all over the village.</p> -<p>Richard Gullett, buried. I visited Peggy Andrews’s -daughter, and several cholera patients, all anxious for spiritual -as well as medical assistance. Ann Parsons and her child -very ill. Mary Pepperall, much better. Jane Hurrell, -convalescent.</p> -<p>Here, it may not be out of place to mention, that, during the -last month, I had been preparing candidates for confirmation.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 9. The Bishop arrived, at the time -appointed, for that purpose. Eight hundred young persons -entered into that sacred rite,—a ceremony which, in too -many instances, is lamentably abused, notwithstanding all the -precautions of the most vigilant ministerial care. Upon the -<a name="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 36</span>present -occasion, a subdued tone in their deportment was manifest -throughout the congregation. I was relieved from great -anxiety when all was finished. Men were stationed at each -approach to Underwood and Colebrook, to prevent the young people -from going to the villages and loitering there; to avoid the -possibility of any risk of spreading the prevalent disease. -When all had left for their homes, I went to Parsons’s, -where I had been summoned in haste, as there were three fresh -cases of cholera.</p> -<p>On entering this ill-fated cottage, the scene was quite -sickening. On the same bed where the husband had died, I -now beheld his widow and her mother (Mary Pote, aged 77) in a -state of collapse, and two children in cradles, apparently -dying! No medical aid was then at hand, though Mr. L. had -been there, and left directions to guide my proceedings until he -could return. The widow at first resisted taking any -medicine. After some persuasion, however, she consented, if -I would give it to <a name="page37"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -37</span>her; but she positively refused to take it from any one -else. The old woman, poor creature! was in agony from -cramp; and her appearance was quite appalling. A more -striking picture of despair than that which was depicted in her -discoloured, shrivelled, and distorted features, cannot be -imagined. Recourse was immediately had to friction, with -stimulating liniments; mustard and vinegar poultices, &c. -were applied, which in some measure alleviated her sufferings; -but after two hours’ incessant but ineffectual hard work by -two nurses to restore warmth in the system, she rapidly sunk, and -expired. The bedding was changed, and the daughter Jane, -aged ten, who had suddenly become collapsed, occupied the vacant -place beside her mother, who was still labouring under the -disease. This poor girl clenched her teeth, and resolutely -refused any medicine. I left this fearful scene for -half-an-hour, to visit E. Honey and her child. The woman -was better; but the child, aged nine, was dying. Through -ignorance of <a name="page38"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -38</span>the danger of neglect, the parents had allowed the child -to fall into the second stage, without having previously applied -for medical assistance. The poor little creature was lying -quite cold, in its scanty night-dress, <i>on</i> the bed, -<i>uncovered</i>. The woman herself was salivated. -The room was in such a filthy state it could scarcely be -tolerated.</p> -<p>On returning to Parsons’s, Ann Parsons had suddenly -become much worse—cold—quite collapsed. Her -daughter Jane, aged ten, in the same bed, sinking rapidly, the -other two children, very bad, requiring constant -attention,—all complaining of insatiable thirst. The -room shockingly offensive. Chloride of lime—burnt -vinegar—burnt tar were used. This scene lasted till -eleven at night,—then Mr. Langworthy came.</p> -<p><i>The effluvia in this room was so especially offensive</i>, -<i>that we thought there must be some particular cause for -it</i>. <i>In the centre of the floor</i>, <i>which is -paved with slate</i>, <i>I perceived an opening between the -slates</i>, <a name="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -39</span><i>and upon asking the reason of the chasm</i>, <i>being -apparently deep</i>, <i>the mystery was solved</i>. <i>A -drain</i>, <i>which was choked with every description of -filth</i>, <i>passed across the room</i>, <i>under the -floor</i>! <i>Here was a reply to the wonder</i>, <i>why -the disease was of a species so much more aggravated</i>, <i>and -attended with circumstances so much more awfully terrific in this -house than in others</i>. <i>It is only wonderful how any -family could have taken their meals</i>, <i>and slept in such a -vitiated atmosphere</i>, <i>without having been swept off before -by some malignant disease</i>.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 10. Scarcely slept during the night. -Sent a mason early to take up the slates at Parsons’s -house, to clean the gutter, and fill it with quick-lime. -Gave orders to masons for cleansing and whitewashing other rooms -where it was required. Some nuisances were removed at -Colebrook.</p> -<p>Parsons’s daughter had died in the night. Her -mother not worse;—so much remaining strength, we hoped she -might weather the disease. This would be almost miraculous, -as three individuals had already <a name="page40"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 40</span>died in the same bed, where she -herself lay in a state of collapse!</p> -<p>Another case of cholera in the room! Old Mary Parsons, -suddenly seized with violent internal pain. She came, in -health, from the town of Plympton, to assist her dying -relations. In a very short time, her sufferings were -excessive, the cramp was indomitable. Some cases appeared -to be of a much more aggravated character than others; and the -reason why it has been particularly so at this devoted cottage -was solved, at least to us, last night. The change of -colour, in these cases was appalling.</p> -<p>Jane Paddon, aged seventy-five, a near neighbour, had been -seized with the fearful malady about two hours—quite -sensible—far advanced in confirmed cholera—gave -herself up, and at her particular desire partook of the Holy -Communion.</p> -<p>Richard Woods very ill, much excited and alarmed—his -mother and wife in a state of extreme agitation—Mr. -Langworthy present—we all knelt around the <a -name="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 41</span>bed—a -solemn scene it was; but it brought consolation with it—the -poor afflicted family became more tranquil. The symptoms -were serious, and recourse was had to medicine as soon as -possible.</p> -<p>As we were quitting this house, a messenger came, in great -haste, for advice as to what should be done, in a case which had -occurred at Ridgeway. A poor woman had been taken suddenly -ill in a waggon, which was at the George Inn, and she was in the -cold stage of the cholera. Mr. Langworthy could not at that -moment quit a patient who was in a truly distressing state.</p> -<p>I hastened immediately to the George Inn, and found the report -to be too true. The poor creature was lifted out of the -waggon by the ostler, William Webb, and carried to a building -which had been fitted up as a Hospital, near the Inn.</p> -<p>This forlorn and pitiable object was the widow of a sergeant -in the 22nd regiment, who had died of cholera a few days before -in the citadel at Plymouth. Her name was <a -name="page42"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 42</span>Ellen -Higgins, <a name="citation42"></a><a href="#footnote42" -class="citation">[42]</a> thirty-five years of age. She had -a pass for herself and four children; and they were on their way -to Cork. Soon after leaving Plymouth, she was seized with -pain in the bowels and sickness. One of her -fellow-travellers gave her some brandy, which was repeated on -arriving at Ridgeway.</p> -<p><a name="page43"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 43</span>Mr. L. -soon arrived, and every possible attention was paid to her. -Owing to continued cramp, it was difficult to obtain from her any -satisfactory information as to her wishes. The fatal -symptoms rapidly increased, and her darkened features became -wild; her eyes stared with an expression of frenzy; her pulse had -ceased to beat; and her flesh had assumed that peculiar livid -hue, so characteristic of the disease. As calmness, -attended by a perfect clearness of intellect, often preceded the -last moments in these afflicting cases, I felt it to be my duty -to remain with this suffering and friendless stranger, as there -might be a chance of affording her spiritual assistance. -That moment did <a name="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -44</span>arrive, and she faintly expressed her desire to offer up -a prayer to God. She cared about nothing, during that short -interval, but the salvation of her soul. And to her Great -Redeemer she appealed in accents so tremulous, so pitiously -imploring for mercy, and yet so full of a blessed assurance of -His willingness to save a repentant sinner, that I firmly believe -“His atoning blood has cleansed her from all sin;” -and that her soul now rests in peace! Her children came -into the room, but she heeded them not—her care about every -thing earthly had passed away—the poor little orphans were -removed, to be taken care of—Ellen Higgins was no more!</p> -<p>On quitting the Hospital, and this heartrending scene, a note -was delivered to me from a medical gentleman, stating he had -“just been at Parsons’s house, at Underwood, to see -more particularly old Mary Parsons. What a melancholy scene -to witness! A place more likely to propagate the disease -will scarcely be found, and on <a name="page45"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 45</span>the ground floor too! The sight -quite sickened me. Charles Taylor, brought home at two -o’clock, is already in a state of collapse. I have -sent to Mr. Langworthy to inform him of this, as I think he ought -to be very actively treated.”</p> -<p>I was requested to lose no time in going to Charles Taylor, <a -name="citation45"></a><a href="#footnote45" -class="citation">[45]</a> as “he was dying,” and the -case was represented as being most urgent. The sultry heat -of the weather increased the great exhaustion and fatigue by -which I was almost overpowered; and I despaired of being able to -get to Underwood in time. A gig happened, at that moment, -to be standing at the George Inn. To the owner, I was a -stranger; but I briefly told him the sad tale, and he -unhesitatingly lent it to me. In a few minutes I was at the -cottage. Mr. Langworthy arrived at the same time. -What were our feelings upon entering the room! At that -instant the poor sufferer <a name="page46"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 46</span>breathed his last! Such a -combination of fearful calamity was quite overwhelming! -Poor Susan Taylor, now a widow, fell down on the window seat, in -a paroxysm of grief. At such a moment, talking to her would -have been in vain. Sarah Taylor, her husband’s -sister, was there as an assistant. We sat some little time -without uttering a word. The solemn silence was interrupted -only by the sobs of her who had just been bereft of the object -upon whom she depended for comfort and support, or by a sigh from -those around.</p> -<p>May the lessons which must have reached the heart at such a -time, never be erased. The uncertainty of life—the -necessity of watchfulness—the duty of Christian -sympathy,—our own utter helplessness, when it is the will -of God to afflict us—our sole dependence upon His Almighty -aid;—all these, and many more such reflections, pressed -upon the mind; and well will it be for those who receive them -into their hearts, as seed sown by <a name="page47"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 47</span>the Holy Spirit, to bring forth fruit -unto righteousness. The poor widow endeavoured to rush to -the bed where her husband lay; and would have thrown herself upon -his cold and discoloured corpse. She said she valued not -her life. We talked to her—we endeavoured to reason -with her. She was absorbed in grief; and, in the bitterness -of bereavement, said she had no friend—no earthly -friend—no where to lay her head—no one would take her -into their house. She again made an effort to throw herself -upon the bed. This could not be permitted. Every -argument was used to direct her thoughts to a merciful God, who -“will not suffer us to be tried above that we are able to -bear,” and who “tempers the wind to the shorn -lamb.” She was directed where to go, and where she -might remain, at least for a time, until her relations could -arrange some plan for her to earn a livelihood. We were -next called to the miserable apartment below, where Mary Parsons, -aged sixty-nine, had just died. We remained <a -name="page48"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 48</span>some time -with that family; the other patients exhibiting no indication of -improvement.</p> -<p>Called to visit Jane Paddon, suddenly worse—her end fast -approaching—quite sensible—refused to take any -medicine, and gave herself up. She was quite happy in her -mind, and lifted up her heart with the greatest earnestness in -prayer to God, not to prolong her life, but to take her to -himself. After visiting Woods and other patients, Mr. -Langworthy went home with me at eleven at night.</p> -<p>Susan Taylor had been to the adjoining town of Plympton, <a -name="citation48"></a><a href="#footnote48" -class="citation">[48]</a> to her sister, Mary <a -name="page49"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 49</span>Taylor, where -she was persuaded by her friends to remain the night. Mr. -L. left me at twelve. Both of us unwell. My own -indisposition, during the day, I had attributed to the effect of -fatigue; but sickness, cramp, &c. ensued so violently, that, -at one in the morning, I was obliged to send for him to -return. He was astonished at the serious character of the -attack and the progress it had made. The usual remedies -were at hand. He immediately gave me twenty grains of <a -name="page50"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 50</span>calomel; and, -in an hour afterwards, an ounce of castor oil, with two drachms -of tincture of rhubarb.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 11. <a name="citation50"></a><a -href="#footnote50" class="citation">[50]</a> By the mercy -of God and the timely recourse to medicine, the disease was -repelled. At noon I attended <a name="page51"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 51</span>the funeral of Ellen Higgins. -It was a sickening office. Owing to the heat of the -weather, the lid of the coffin had started. Went to the -poor afflicted people at Underwood. Parsons’s boy, -aged eight, who had held Mr. Richard Langworthy’s horse at -six a.m., was dying, at noon! Visited the hospital, and -returned home through Underwood. Charles Taylor and Mary -Parsons, buried. After a few hours’ rest, at -half-past eight in the evening, I was summoned in haste to visit -William Gully—much worse than yesterday—great -consternation among the inmates of the house.</p> -<p>So great had been the mortality, in defiance of the treatment -which he had hitherto pursued, that Mr. Langworthy at length -determined in this case to try a remedy which had been adopted by -many eminent practitioners; viz.,—the injecting some -principal vein with saline fluid. He accordingly arranged -his instruments on a little table near the window. The poor -wife was crying near the fire-place. The <a -name="page52"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 52</span>occupation -assigned to me, of preparing hot water, adjusting pans, basins, -&c. to be in readiness for injecting the vein, was -immediately commenced. Susan Gully, the patient’s -sister, and his wife’s two sisters were standing by, -watching Mr. L.’s proceedings with peculiar interest, but -they preserved a strict silence. A low and lengthened moan -arrested our attention; and then a frightfully convulsive shriek -issued from above. I had nearly prepared the saline fluid -<a name="citation52"></a><a href="#footnote52" -class="citation">[52]</a> for injection; and was requested to be -ready as quickly as possible. Mr. L. was afraid to trust -any one else, lest a mistake should occur.</p> -<p>Hurried footsteps were now heard on the winding stairs, which -were between the fire-place and the window. -“He’s gone! sir,—he’s gone!” was -exclaimed, with a trembling, hysterical voice. Both <a -name="page53"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 53</span>the Messrs. -Langworthy and myself were obliged to summon all our -resolution. The wife and children around us,—one ill -in its weeping mother’s arms, frightened, not knowing -why—the others staring at us, aware that something was -being done which appeared to them to be fearful. The -sister, the friend—all with their eyes intently rivetted -upon us, as if life and death depended upon our exertions! -This was natural. How many have watched the countenance of -the physician when a much-loved life was pending! A piece -of bread was given to one of the children, to pacify it,—a -part, perhaps, of the last loaf earned by its poor father’s -labour! Rapidly as some such thoughts rushed upon the mind, -we did not remit our work, and every thing was ready. We -were quickly by the side of the sufferer. From all -appearances, the accounts were too well founded. No -pulse,—Is he quite gone? The eye moved,—he -tried to raise himself—looked at us—and, recognizing -me, gave me his hand, but could not <a name="page54"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 54</span>speak. He knew what was said, -and held out his arm. The vein was opened—no blood -flowed—it was empty. He uttered a low moan, looked at -his arm, and shook his head. His wife, with breathless -anxiety, appeared at the door: we persuaded her to retire. -The warm fluid was placed on the window-seat near the bed. -It was again tried by the thermometer. Eight quarts were -ready, and the process of injecting the vein was commenced. -The greater portion entered. The breathing of the patient -became laborious, and the pulse returned. Violent sickness -ensued. Some weak gruel, with a teaspoonful of brandy mixed -in it, quieted the sickness. The poor man began to -speak. In a low whisper, thanked God—thanked -us—and said he felt as if he should recover. At -eleven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy returned home with me, as -both of us required rest.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 12. <a name="citation54"></a><a -href="#footnote54" class="citation">[54]</a> Gully -relapsed, and was as <a name="page55"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 55</span>nearly in a dying state as -before. Saline fluid was again resorted to. I -prepared above a gallon; but, upon this occasion, about three -quarts only were injected. Mr. Langworthy having expressed -a wish that he could obtain a pint of blood for the purpose of -injecting it, Sarah Gully, the sister, offered to be blooded; but -Mr. L. did not consider her sufficiently healthy. Elizabeth -Veale, a sister of Gully’s wife, then came forward, and, -having made a similar offer, some of her blood (about -half-a-pint) was transferred into the patient’s vein, by a -well-executed process, conducted by both the Messrs. -Langworthy. The patient recovered his recollection. -Sickness did not come on as it had done after saline fluid only -was injected. A short interval elapsed, during which he -appeared to labour considerably <a name="page56"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 56</span>under the action of recovering his -breath. He then spoke; and, in the course of a short time, -took gruel. Weak wine and water, warm jelly, &c. were -also given to him in very small quantities. His appearance -bore a more favourable aspect; though his weakness was -excessive. Gradually, he regained a little strength towards -the evening.</p> -<p>Jane Paddon and Edward Parsons were buried.</p> -<p>My friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, who was on a visit to his -brother at Beechwood, kindly preached for me in the morning and -afternoon; and the Rev. E. B. St. John read the prayers. -This friendly assistance enabled me to visit the sick during the -greater part of the day. The congregations were very small; -owing to the absence of some of the principal families, the -sickness of many, or the fear of assembling which prevailed among -others.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 13. <a name="citation56"></a><a -href="#footnote56" class="citation">[56]</a> Visited Mrs. -Toope, at Underwood, <a name="page57"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 57</span>and her son Stephen, both very -weak. Mary Brown, aged fifty-six, an assistant at the -Hospital, died. Jane Moon, of Colebrook, aged twenty-eight, -recovered. She was taken ill on the 8th. William -Gully, better.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 14. Several people applied for -medicines. After they had been attended to, I rode to the -villages at the eastern end of the parish. Some poor -people, who were invalids, particularly requested to see -me. They were fearful that their sickness was a prelude to -the cholera; but they had no symptoms of that disease. -Debility was the chief subject of their complaint. Where -this was the case, strengthening things were supplied to the -poor, out of the subscription fund.</p> -<p>Susan Taylor’s little girl, aged one year, <a -name="page58"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 58</span>died of -cholera. She was taken ill on the 11th. Her mother, -also, very unwell, with symptoms of the same disease. -Richard Parsons, aged one year and a half, died at the -Hospital. Mary Brown, buried.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 15. Richard Parsons, buried. -Elizabeth Hill, aged ten, died at Underwood. Mr. H. -attended her in the morning as soon as he was sent for. The -progress of this case was fearfully rapid. The poor child -did not suffer much from pain; she appeared to sink entirely from -exhaustion. No remedy for restoring warmth and circulation -had the least effect.</p> -<p>After visiting sick people at Underwood and at the Hospital, I -went in the evening to see Susan Taylor. She was in the -collapsed stage of cholera. The Messrs. Langworthy were -present. It was proposed that the saline injection should -be resorted to, as her pulse had ceased to beat, and she appeared -to be rapidly sinking. I assisted in preparing the warm -fluid. Eight quarts were ready, and seven were injected -into the vein. She revived—the pulse -returned—<a name="page59"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -59</span>and she seemed to be relieved. We were occupied a -great part of the night with this case.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 16. Between nine and ten, a.m., more poor -people than usual applied for medicines, and strengthening -things; such as arrow-root, tapioca, carageen moss, &c.</p> -<p>The Board of Health met at my house. One principal -object of the meeting was to consider the state of the poor as to -diet, both of those who were slightly indisposed, as well as of -those recovering from cholera. It was resolved to call the -especial attention of the parish officers to this important -subject, and to remind them of the fact, that, from the -commencement of the disease in the parish to the present time, -all extra expenses caused by its ravages had been met by the -subscription fund, which was now nearly exhausted. The -necessity of increasing the relief of the poor, especially by -some allowance for extra diet under the present distressing -emergency, was strongly urged upon them, in a written address; -under the conviction that, even <a name="page60"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 60</span>where the disease did not exist, an -addition to their ordinary support was highly essential.</p> -<p>As soon as the Board of Health adjourned, I set off for the -Hospital, and on my way there I called to enquire for Susan -Taylor. Just as I arrived, Mary Taylor, the sister, met me -at the door, and was sobbing so bitterly, she could scarcely tell -me the cause of her distress. At last she said, Susan was -worse than ever—she could not live ten minutes. Oh! -sir, where is Mr. Langworthy? Well knowing that it was a -case in which every moment was of the utmost importance, I -hastened to the Hospital, where we had appointed to meet. -He had not arrived. Having heard that he was at Underwood, -I rode there; and, fortunately, I came up to him as he was in the -act of mounting his horse at Gully’s cottage. In as -few words as possible, I told him my errand. Poor -Susan’s life was an object of peculiar anxiety to us. -She had lost her husband and her only child within a few days; -and she <a name="page61"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -61</span>had been particularly active and serviceable as a nurse, -in some of the most appalling cases. A very few minutes -elapsed before we were at the house at Plympton. Our horses -were sent to Mr. L.’s, as we knew that, if the patient did -not die, we might be detained some time. Mary Taylor was so -unwell, with strong symptoms of the same disease, Mr. L. gave her -medicine, and advised her to remain below. We ascended the -stairs, and at the first moment of entering the room, we thought -it was all over. We found Susan quite cold—as cold as -death—insensible—discoloured,—having no -indication of pulse. We had no person to help us—we -had no time to procure assistance. I knew my office in -preparing for a repetition of the expedient of injection. -This Mr. L. at once decided to be the only chance. Whilst -he adjusted his instruments, the syringe, &c., I went below -to prepare the fluid. I had about six quarts ready, and -rejoined Mr. L. He was sitting on the bed, and prepared to -<a name="page62"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 62</span>open the -vein of the patient’s right arm. I held the wrist, to -keep it steady; and having endeavoured to ascertain whether there -was any pulse, the cold blue hand dropped when I let it go. -Mr. L. shook his head, and thought any attempt to restore -animation would be useless. Notwithstanding this, as we -could not tell what might be the effect under the hand of God, -even in this most desperate case, I was ready with the warm -mixture. The syringe was applied to the flaccid vein, which -resembled a slight sinew. No blood flowed. To all -appearance it contained nothing but a dark, glutinous, substance, -about the colour and consistency of treacle; not more than a drop -of which could be extracted, after pressing the vein in the usual -manner to produce a flow of blood. Every heave of her -labouring chest, seemed to be the -last—weaker—weaker—at less frequent -intervals. Never surely was life nearer extinct. The -eyes were set upwards with a fixed and inanimate -expression. We were now ready. I <a -name="page63"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 63</span>had a -thermometer in the basin, and two jugs, one with the fluid hot, -and the other cooler, so as to keep up the temperature as exactly -as possible 110 degrees. The greatest nicety is also -indispensible in using the syringe, which should be an instrument -of the best make, lest a single globule of air should be injected -with the fluid. I have been informed that, if, owing to -unforeseen circumstances this occurs, the consequences would be -instantly fatal. Mr. L. commenced the operation, and the -fluid did not return, but went upward through the vein. Mr. -L. whispered, “that is well.” A breathless -silence ensued—one quart was injected—a slight -indication of movement followed;—another quart—and -another—a trembling movement of the eyelid was -visible—gradually the ashy hue of death began to recede -from the forehead—then from the cheek—the dawn of -returning life appeared; soon afterwards, the eye changed from -its fixed character of unconsciousness to that of -recognition. I ventured to ask, <a name="page64"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 64</span>whether, if blood could be procured, -there might not be a better chance of saving the patient’s -life. Mr. L. replied that no one could be found who would -enter the room, much more to spare a pint of blood. Without -further loss of time, I went to a neighbour next door, who had -been very attentive to Susan, and who did not shew indications of -fear. She was in the prime of life, in strong health, and -had no family. I told her in as few words as possible the -precarious state of Susan, and that the only apparent chance of -saving her life, was to obtain a pint of blood, to be transferred -into her vein. “Will you consent to spare that -quantity? If you have the least fear about it, do not -hesitate to say so.” She instantly replied, -“You may take a quart if it is required.” She -went with me into Susan’s room. Two basins were -instantly in readiness, one floating in the other, in hot water, -to prevent the blood from congealing. Mary Chapman’s -vein was opened. The purple stream gushed, and well -performed its benevolent design. <a name="page65"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 65</span>This had scarcely been transfused to -the amount of half-a-pint, when the throbbing index of life -returned; and what a thrill did it give us when I was able to -pronounce that “the pulse beats distinctly.” -But, at this instant, it was evident by the appearance of the -eye, that the utmost caution was necessary,—to avoid -another extreme—apoplexy—to watch the eye as well as -the pulse,—scarcely a pint could be borne—the process -was instantly stayed—and the noble spirited woman was -advised to return as quickly as possible to her own -apartment. Her conduct throughout was heroic and cool to -admiration. <a name="citation65"></a><a href="#footnote65" -class="citation">[65]</a> Now on each side of the bed, Mr. -L. and I took our station. The poor sufferer seemed as one -awaking from a deep sleep. She knew us both, and spoke.</p> -<p>Mary Taylor, in the room below, very sick and faint, and with -other symptoms of incipient cholera, which appeared to <a -name="page66"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 66</span>be increased -by her fear about her sister. Every thing was said and done -which could be thought of, to calm her spirits, and to dispel the -peculiarly restless anxiety under which she had laboured some -hours. She said she knew she should have the disease, and -it would be the death of her.</p> -<p>Susan had become very drowsy. Soon afterwards, a violent -trembling came on, this was followed by a profuse -perspiration. In about an hour, she became more tranquil; -still requiring the greatest attention—life hanging by a -mere thread. This lasted three hours. Mr. L. then -considered it safe, at her request, to allow her to sleep. -Her sleep was as tranquil as that of an infant, with the -exception of a start at intervals. A nurse having been -obtained, she was left under her care, with strict orders from -Mr. L. how to proceed.</p> -<p>We went to the Hospital, and found the poor people much the -same as yesterday, excepting Sarah Parsons, aged three years, -whose case was hopeless. At seven, p.m., Elizabeth Hill and -James Parsons <a name="page67"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -67</span>were buried. Sarah Parsons died during my -absence. This was the child already referred to, as having -been “put aside” for dead; but after active -treatment, she had revived, and appeared to be progressing -towards perfect recovery. At the end of a fortnight, a -fever attacked her, which harassed her to such a degree, that she -required the constant attendance of one person. Her mother, -slowly mending, exhibited a state of apathy, almost amounting to -stupor, and no wonder; in addition to the effects of her own -severe attack, her mind had received a paralyzing shock, from the -death of her husband and, now, four children!</p> -<p>After prayers in the sick-ward, I again visited Susan -Taylor. She was going on favourably, but too weak to bear -any thing to be said to her.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 17. A young person at Merafield, one mile -from Underwood, labouring under a rather severe attack of -cholera, somewhat better than yesterday. She spoke of her -illness with great calmness; <a name="page68"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 68</span>and the blessed effects of full trust -in God’s mercy, through the merits and intercession of the -Saviour, were beautifully displayed in her whole -deportment. Into the hands of God she implicitly and -prayerfully cast herself. She appears so free from that -restless anxiety which frequently attends cases that prove fatal, -great hopes are entertained of her recovery.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 18. Mrs. Jenny Cocker, of Underwood, was -seized this morning, at five o’clock. Dr. Cookworthy, -of Plymouth, and Mr. Hook, the family surgeon, were -present. The former had been sent for after the most -alarming symptoms had come on; and when he arrived, she was cold, -discoloured, and sinking under extreme prostration of -strength. Her husband was absent, upon the farm, during the -early part of the day, and was struck with horror and alarm when, -on his return, he found her in such a state of danger. She -was quite sensible, and prayed continually that she might be -supported “in that hour when flesh and heart -faileth.” <a name="page69"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 69</span>Whilst the medical gentlemen were -consulting together in the adjoining room, we all addressed -ourselves to the Throne of Grace; and most devoutly and heartily -did the poor sufferer bear her part in that solemn duty, as well -as her relations who were assembled in the room. Fear and -dismay were strongly depicted upon their countenances. Mrs. -Cocker, sen. was in a state of extreme agitation, shewed symptoms -of being ill, and fainted. After the medical gentlemen -returned into the room, active stimulants and friction were -resorted to, with the hope of restoring warmth in their -patient. She became weaker, the pulse had ceased, and so -had her power of speaking; and at two, p.m., her mortal career -was closed. During the last three or four hours, she -indicated no appearance of suffering; and perfect consciousness -was maintained to the last. After this scene of affliction, -I remained with the family some time, all of us having retired to -an adjoining room. The relations gradually became more -tranquil, and when we <a name="page70"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 70</span>separated, one sorrowing individual, -raising her eyes to heaven, though streaming with tears, -exclaimed, “It is the Lord, let him do what seemeth him -good.”</p> -<p>Attended the funeral of Mr. Josias Cork, and went to the -Hospital. Blake’s child, aged one year, died there -to-day.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 19. <a name="citation70a"></a><a -href="#footnote70a" class="citation">[70a]</a> My kind -friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, preached for me twice, as I was -too unwell to undertake two full services. In the evening, -Mrs. Jenny Cocker and Elizabeth Blake were buried. Several -fresh cases of cholera reported. Received a letter from the -secretary of the Central Board. The Plympton St. Mary Board -of Health regularly appointed. <a name="citation70b"></a><a -href="#footnote70b" class="citation">[70b]</a></p> -<p><a name="page71"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -71</span><i>August</i> 20. Amongst others, I visited Betty -Heard, at Underwood, a poor industrious woman, aged -seventy-two. She was quite alone—no one had been near -her—creeping about the cottage in great pain: she could -hardly stand, but refused to go to bed. She had taken some -precautions to check the premonitory attack. She stood near -her spinning-wheel, and when she perceived I was looking at it, -she shook her head, and said, “Ah! sir, that is of no use -to me now. When I can use it, I get but a very small matter -to live upon! and now”—She could not finish the -sentence; but sat down and cried like a child. How gladly -did I avail myself of the subscription fund to relieve this -helpless creature. In a short time, a proper nurse was with -her. Page’s children better; the cramp had -subsided.</p> -<p><a name="page72"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 72</span>A -messenger came to me, requesting my immediate attendance at old -Mrs. Cocker’s. She was in a room below, harassed with -incessant sickness, &c., and in great pain. Her -agitation of mind at the time of her daughter’s death on -Saturday, caused a shock from which she had by no means -recovered. Mr. Richard Langworthy <a -name="citation72"></a><a href="#footnote72" -class="citation">[72]</a> had seen her, and administered a dose -of calomel; but the progress of the disorder was astonishingly -rapid. She fainted: her son Elias was with her, and we -supported her as well as we could. When she revived, her -countenance assumed the common character of the collapsed stage -of the disease. With much difficulty, we carried the poor -sufferer up stairs; two women were sent for, and they assisted in -putting her in bed. Having become a little easier, she -requested me to pray with her. From that moment, when not -in extreme pain, she was incessantly occupied <a -name="page73"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 73</span>in that -sacred duty. On the first indication of sickness, she said -she had the cholera, and she knew “she should not get over -it.”</p> -<p>Being confident that this was a desperate case, from its -exhibiting those fatal symptoms which often terminate in death -within twelve hours, I went for Mr. L., who had, unfortunately, -been detained at Shaugh, five miles off, and did not return for -two hours. On his arrival, he said he quite approved of all -the measures which had been adopted; and he considered it an -extreme case. The rooms were fumigated, and chloride of -lime was sprinkled all about the house. The poor creature -suffered much from cramp and spasms. It was, indeed, -distressing to see her. Every limb seemed to be -contracted—her teeth grinding, and her blue shrivelled -fingers clenched so tight, it was very difficult to open her -hand; and her long grey locks, matted with perspiration, adhered -to her cold damp cheek. Mr. L. proposed, as a last resource -to allay such misery, that a <a name="page74"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 74</span>vein should be injected. I -prepared about six quarts of the fluid. The vein was -opened, one or two dark drops trickled out, like treacle; after -this, the vein appeared to be empty. The process of -injection was immediately commenced, and the suffering almost -instantly subsided. We knew her age was against her; but -feeling that though life might not be saved by it, yet that this -experiment would be valuable, inasmuch as we had remarked that -all suffering from cramp ceased when recourse was had to it; it -was, therefore, adopted. The pulse returned; but it -fluttered and intermitted. She said she knew her time was -very short. Her younger son was hanging over her, the tears -flowing down his cheeks. Throughout this sad scene, his -anxious and tender care for a dying mother was incessant. -She said, “Let us pray—it is my only -comfort.” We all knelt round the bed. Clasping -her hands, she prayed aloud. Nothing could be more devout; -and there was something so indescribably affecting in the <a -name="page75"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 75</span>plaintive -tone of her voice and the aspirations she uttered at intervals, -that a common feeling of sympathy vibrated through the hearts of -those who witnessed the touching scene. She expressed -herself cheered and refreshed by such an employment; then with -her cold hand she grasped mine, and begged me not to leave -her. She became rapidly weaker, the pulse again intermitted -and sunk, sickness returned, but not the cramp. Although -she had for a long time refused to take any nourishment, in -twenty minutes after the injection of the fluid, she vomited a -great quantity of what appeared to be water, with a dark -sediment, like decomposed blood, which sunk immediately. -From this time, nothing would stop the incessant sickness. -Every animal function seemed to be exhausted; yet her senses were -perfectly unimpaired to the last. I did not quit -her—it was her dying request. “Thank -you—thank you for remaining,” she, faltering, said to -me. I observed to her that although <i>we</i> must part, -there was <a name="page76"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -76</span>one above, who has promised to his faithful disciples, -“I will never leave thee nor forsake thee.” -“Oh! yes—yes,” she said, in a low -whisper,—“it is true: I feel the comfort of it. -‘Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, for -mine eyes have seen thy salvation.’ I am so—so -weary,—when will this be over.” She then sunk -into silence: for some time it was difficult to say whether life -was extinct or not; at last she sighed, and her spirit departed -in peace.</p> -<p>This affecting scene lasted six hours after the violent -symptoms of the disease commenced. Returned home and -endeavoured to answer some kind notes from enquiring -friends. I could not write, owing to the excited state of -my feelings; but, thankful to a merciful Providence for -preservation, I retired early, hoping to be refreshed by -rest.</p> -<p>I was awakened from a sound sleep by a loud knocking at my -door. It was half past twelve at night, when my servant -informed me that a person had arrived <a name="page77"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 77</span>from Plympton, entreating me to go -instantly to Mary Taylor, a parishioner of Plympton St. Mary, who -was in the last stage of cholera, and was particularly anxious to -see me before she died. I was a little refreshed by sleep; -but still so unwell, my servant intimated that it might be in -time, if I went in the morning. The morning might be too -late! The idea of her having expressed an earnest desire to -see me—in her dying moments too—something, perhaps, -required or to communicate, which might tend to relieve her mind, -and soothe the pillow of death. I could not have rested, if -I had delayed to go. Before one o’clock, I was at the -house. Mary Taylor had given up her own comfortable room to -Susan, from the kindest and most considerate feeling; and, that -she might be kept as quiet as possible, had removed to the -dwelling of her parents, which was, indeed, a miserable place for -a sick person. Below sat her father, by a small remnant of -a fire, his face between his hands, his elbows resting on his -knees, <a name="page78"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 78</span>not -caring to speak. He told me Elizabeth Job was with Mary, -and that Mr. L. had been there in the evening, but not -since—that he was very unwell when he went away. I -heard the poor creature moaning—went up to her. The -chamber where she lay was on the landing-place, without a door or -partition—no ceiling—open to the roof. A common -bedstead, without hangings or curtains, an old-fashioned oak -chest, and a broken chair, composed the whole of the -furniture. In a corner of the same room, covered with -various old clothes, lay her husband, who was also ill. A -rushlight, flickering in a current of air from the roof, only -added to the wretchedness of the scene. The moment I -approached the bedside, poor Mary held out her hand to me, and -burst into an agony of tears. “I am going, -sir,—I know I shall die. I wished so much to see you -once more. I feared it would be too much for you to come; -but I do not expect to see the morning. I do not wish to -live; but my poor dear little helpless <a name="page79"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 79</span>infant—what will become of her -when she has lost her mother!” After some -conversation, she became more tranquil, and appeared greatly -comforted by the presence of a Christian minister. Spoke -much of the awfulness of being on the brink of -eternity—prayed frequently that God would forgive her sins, -and receive her to himself, through the merits of a crucified -Saviour. “Yes,” she said, “he died for -me.” Stayed by this anchor, she became resigned and -calm.</p> -<p>Before I went upstairs, I ordered the fire to be made up, and -plenty of hot water to be in readiness. The poor old people -very slow, and nothing in the house which such a case of -emergency required. The cramp was gaining ground, and -spasms had returned. Mr. L.’s residence not being far -off, I hastened there, thinking it possible that he might be up; -but could make no one hear, therefore I went away without -disturbing him. I knocked up the people at a shop, and got -some mustard and vinegar. When I <a name="page80"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 80</span>returned, the medicines which were -left, with directions, by Mr. L. were given. I had brought -the cholera lotion, or stimulating liniment, with me, which was -tried; but the poor sufferer was icy cold. Hot water in a -stone bottle was applied to the feet. The pain at the pit -of the stomach was very acute. I tried to get hot salt or -sand; but nothing of the sort could be obtained, it being past -two, a.m. Having noticed that, in the fire-place below, -there were some loose bricks, I heated one of them, and wrapped -it in a piece of old drugget. This simple remedy afforded -her much relief, as soon as it was applied. She had been -extremely patient, and said she felt better; but from the cold -perspiration, and her discoloured appearance, I feared she would -not recover. At three, a.m., I became so unwell, I desired -that Mr. L. should be called, at all events. As he had been -up the whole of the two preceding nights, and was very unwell, I -had hitherto deferred calling him as long as I could; but I was -obliged to return home.</p> -<p><a name="page81"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -81</span><i>August</i> 21. Being anxious to know the fate -of Mary Taylor, I went at eight o’clock to enquire for -her. I learnt that Mr. L. came to her almost immediately -after I left her, and injected saline fluid into a vein. -She rallied for a time; but now, at nine, the alarming symptoms -had returned. I went to Mr. L. and reported the apparently -hopeless state of the patient. He returned to the house -with me, and proposed a repetition of the experiment. She -said it was all in vain. Her pulse had entirely ceased to -beat. She enquired for Susan,—then spoke of her child -with the tenderest feeling. She “hoped God would -forgive her anxiety about the dear little soul. She would -rather it had been taken before her, or with her, that both might -be buried together; but God’s will be done. May we -meet in a happier world.”</p> -<p>We had all joined with her in prayer, at her own request; she -then consented to the operation. After a small quantity of -the saline fluid had been injected, her <a -name="page82"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -82</span>husband’s sister offered to be blooded, as soon as -the transfusion of blood was proposed. The transfusion was -commenced, but no more than a teacupful could be borne, as a most -startling effect was produced; the eyes having in an instant -become red and staring to a frightful extent. Mr. L. saw -this, and stopped the process instantaneously. Her -breathing was quick and laborious. The pulse merely -fluttered, and then stopped. It evidently was the will of -God that human means should not avail. She was dying! -I left the room with a sorrowing heart, sincerely lamenting her -death. Before the attack of cholera, she had been in a -delicate state of health; therefore Mr. L. feared that her -constitution was not sufficiently strong to bear the shock. -Every thing tended to depress our spirits. Such touching -scenes, in such rapid succession—so great an accumulation -of misery, nearly overwhelmed us. The appalling reality is -almost incredible! But we have worked together, heart and -hand; and we must trust that the same <a name="page83"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 83</span>merciful Providence which has -hitherto protected us, will, through the aid of the Spirit, grant -us renewed strength for the conflict.</p> -<p>I called to see Susan Taylor; she was better, but requiring -the greatest care. Attended the funeral of Mrs. -Cocker. Richard Hurl, aged one year and half, died at -Underwood. Elizabeth Hicks, of Underwood, seriously -ill—collapse had rapidly come on,—Mr. Osmond in -attendance. Very active treatment had been pursued. -Towards the evening, she was much relieved, but extremely -weak. Richard Smaldridge taken ill. Mr. Hook -attending him.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 22. <a name="citation83"></a><a -href="#footnote83" class="citation">[83]</a> A vestry -meeting was held, <a name="page84"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -84</span>also a meeting of the Board of Health. On this -day, the first order was made for assistance from the parish, to -be paid to the chairman of the Board of Health. -Hurl’s child buried. Elizabeth Hicks recovering.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 23. George Tarr, aged forty-four, received -at the Hospital: a bad case.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 24. George Tarr died. Ann Higgins, -aged one year, died.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 25. I visited several people who laboured -under great debility. Not <a name="page85"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 85</span>so many fresh cases during these -three days.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 26. At eight o’clock, a message was -brought to me from Mr. Crewes’s family, at Plympton, <a -name="citation85a"></a><a href="#footnote85a" -class="citation">[85a]</a> requesting me, if I possibly could, to -go to them immediately, as their servant was alarmingly -ill. Soon after I arrived, Mr. Deeble Boger <a -name="citation85b"></a><a href="#footnote85b" -class="citation">[85b]</a> and the Messrs. Langworthy came. -It was one of those cases which exhibit great severity of -character—discolouration of the skin—incessant -sickness and restlessness—coldness of the flesh, tongue, -and breath. There was very little hope of her -recovery. Perhaps this attack had been brought on and -aggravated by her own imprudence, in taking with her dinner, -yesterday, a quantity of vinegar, which had been left in a plate -with some cucumber. Debility <a name="page86"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 86</span>and exhaustion rapidly -increased. She became calm after awhile, and was perfectly -sensible. I left her and went to Church. The Rev. J. -Rosdew again kindly assisted me both parts of the day. But -one feeling pervaded the whole congregation—the ministers -and the people—the deepest solemnity! The plague is -abroad. Who is to stand between the living and the -dead? The fervent prayer of faith availeth much. -“Lord, hear our prayer, and let our cry come unto -thee!” How many appeared to pray in earnest on this -day! doubtless not here only, but through the nation. May -the supplication of a suffering people be received at the Throne -of Grace.</p> -<p>Mr. Crewes’s servant died in the afternoon, and Maria E. -Taylor, aged six months, of Underwood, died on this day.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 27. Whilst at breakfast, I was entreated -to go as soon as possible to Wm. Arthurs, at Underwood, as he was -extremely ill, and he was thought to be dying. After -attending to a number of <a name="page87"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 87</span>applications for medicine, I went -immediately to the sick man. His wife, in tears, was -standing at the door, watching my arrival. Her mother, Mary -Martin, and another woman, with dismay in their countenances, -were near her. One of the children ill with cholera, in a -cradle, two other little creatures, unconscious of what was -passing, were playing about the room. I first endeavoured -to quiet the minds of the women, impressing upon them, that there -was not so much danger to be apprehended from the disease itself, -as from giving way to such excessive alarm. That all -excitement and agitation of the mind, tended to increase, if not -to cause, an attack of the malady. I found the poor man -very ill. Upon enquiry, it appeared that he had been -“very bad all the night, and they thought he could not have -held out till the morning.” But, “why did you -neglect to send for medical advice at first?” -“O, sir, we hoped it would pass.” I told them -they must send immediately for Mr. L. or for some other medical -gentleman; <a name="page88"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -88</span>but they said it would be of no use, as Arthurs refused -to take any medicines; indeed, he had said the same to me: but, -after much persuasion, he consented to take what I gave -him. At this time, he was in a state of partial -collapse—writhing with pain—large drops standing on -his icy cold forehead—his tongue cold—harassed with -incessant and violent sickness. The wife standing by, -concealing her face with her apron, not being able to look at him -when the paroxysms came on. At a glance, the appearance of -every thing indicated the cleanliness of the family. A -white cloth was on a little table near the window—a second -bed in the room—a little store of potatoes in a basket, in -a corner near the stairs. The women were prompt and ready -in preparing the stimulants—mustard and hot vinegar, and -hot water, in stone bottles, for the feet. All linen was -removed from the bed. The child below was, at this time, -screaming so violently, that we were obliged to use for her -similar remedies. Rhubarb and <a name="page89"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 89</span>ginger had been given to the -child. I gave a saline draught, which appeared to check the -sickness. The poor man required constant attendance, -sickness and cramp being most distressing. I had sent for -medical assistance, but at that moment it could not be -obtained. What was to be done? The poor man was in -agony, and the sickness violent, without an intermission of ten -minutes. In this extremity, I gave him the same medicine -which I had taken myself. In half-an-hour, the man was -again extremely harassed, and the sickness was not abated. -He complained of insatiable thirst. I then prepared a -saline mixture, composed of the same ingredients which had in -some instances been adopted by Mr. L.; viz., carbonate of soda, -one drachm, common salt, one drachm, oxymuriate (chlorate) of -potash, six grains, and a teaspoonful of salvolatile, to a quart -of cold water, of which he drank freely. After this, the -vomiting subsided for a time, but pain and nausea remained; -friction with stimulants <a name="page90"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 90</span>were continued, and hot salt applied -to the stomach. Being somewhat relieved, he was desirous -that I would pray with him. The poor women knelt round the -bed,—tears streaming down, though they held their hands -before their faces, to conceal their grief and -apprehension. At this time, the appearance of the -man’s eyes began more decidedly to assume the character -which we had remarked in the worst cases of cholera. Our -prayer was shortened: but a sigh only, in faith, fails not to -reach the Throne of Grace. I sent again, with the hope of -obtaining medical aid, but without success. I began to -tremble at the responsibility I had taken upon myself; but I -could not leave the patient at such a crisis, and to have -remained inactive might have been fatal. His pulse, when I -first saw him, was scarcely perceptible, it now began to improve; -sickness again came on, but not so violent as before. He -drank freely of the saline mixture. At two o’clock, I -left him for half-an-hour, to attend the funeral of Maria <a -name="page91"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -91</span>Taylor’s infant. Soon after my return (about -three o’clock), Arthurs became easier and more tranquil; -the pulse had improved, general warmth succeeded, and at four -o’clock, profuse perspiration: more clothing was put on the -bed, to keep that up. He wished for some tea and biscuit, -and took a small quantity. In half-an-hour afterwards, the -pulse became extremely full and quick. At five, p.m., I -went to Mr. Langworthy’s, and found him just -returned. I informed him of Arthurs’s case, and we -went there together; but before we arrived, a medical gentleman -had called, bled him sparingly, and had gone away. Mr. L. -ordered him medicine, and gave directions how to proceed. -The poor man then expressed himself as being weary, and soon sunk -into a calm sleep. The child was much better towards the -evening.</p> -<p>I went across the way to John Andrews’s; their daughter, -Mary Ann, aged six, who was taken ill in the morning, having died -at four p.m. The other <a name="page92"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 92</span>child who was ill on the 6th, -recovered. Peggy Andrews, the mother, though deeply -afflicted, shewed much Christian resignation. At her urgent -request, I went upstairs to see the child as she lay a -corpse. She had been carried off so rapidly, they could -scarcely believe she was dead. Chloride of lime was used -abundantly, and the poor people promised that the rooms should be -whitewashed on the following day. Their cottage is kept -particularly neat. Having remained some time in -conversation with them, I went to Richard Dunn’s. -Their little girl, aged two years, sinking from exhaustion in a -low fever, like typhus, which immediately followed an attack of -cholera. Every possible attention was paid her, but nothing -would make her rally. She lay perfectly quiet, her clear -blue eye fixed on me, being a stranger; and just at that moment a -parting ray of the evening sun beamed through the casement upon -her face, her light silken locks shone upon her spotless brow, -giving to her appearance an unearthly <a name="page93"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 93</span>effect, which I shall never -forget. Very soon she was cold and lifeless; but a smile -rested on her countenance, so serene and lovely, that the -transition from life to death was not perceptible. I could -not be surprised at the distress of the parents. Difficult -it was at such a moment to acknowledge the reality, that their -loss was the child’s gain. Under what a variety of -circumstances does this fatal malady strike its victims! -Equally varying, therefore, the occasions for Christian -consolation. May this be profitable to minister and -people. Wrote to the Central Board of Health. Two new -cases.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 28. Mary Ann Andrews, buried. No -death on this day: one new case only reported—Betty Wills, -of Underwood. The patients generally extremely weak. -Seven cases remaining.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 29. Attended Board of Health. -Received a letter from the Central Board, requesting a daily -report to be transmitted as long as the disease exists at -Plympton St. Mary, as well as a return of all cases <a -name="page94"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 94</span>and deaths -from the commencement of the disease.</p> -<p>Upon referring to the several medical practitioners, it was -found to be impossible to obtain any thing like a regular return; -because our Board of Health had not been legally constituted -until the 22nd instant; and no authority for such a requirement -having previously existed, no regular notes of cases and deaths -had been kept. Besides this, in consequence of the scarcity -of medical practitioners, those who were employed in cholera -cases, were engaged with their patients from morning till night, -and had little or no time for making regular memoranda.</p> -<p>Visited Arthurs;—better as to the original disease, but -very severely salivated. Elizabeth Hicks and Mary Martin, -recovering. Buried Dunn’s child. Visited Susan -Taylor;—gradually recovering, but labouring under great -weakness. We had some serious conversation upon the -afflicting circumstances which had occurred, and the mercy of God -in her own particular <a name="page95"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 95</span>case;—her preservation up to -the present time, after all she had gone through herself, and -after what she had witnessed in others, having herself, not only -passed much time as a nurse in the midst of the worst cases of -the disease, but having also assisted in the last fearful office -for three of its victims. She entered fully into all this -in a right frame of mind. Whilst alluding to the state in -which she lay under the influence of the collapsed stage, she -said she knew what was passing, though she appeared unconscious -of every thing; that the sensation produced by injecting the -saline fluid into the vein, was that of having taken an unusual -quantity of liquid or broth, the stomach seemed to be very full; -and when the blood was transfused, she felt it in the jugular -vein, on both sides, causing an oppressive fulness, as if it -would burst; but it subsided as soon as the process was -stopped. As an instance of consciousness being retained in -the last stage of cholera,—while the blood was being -transfused, though she could <a name="page96"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 96</span>neither move nor speak, she heard me -suggest that a handkerchief might be lightly thrown across her -eyes, lest she should be shocked if she revived and saw what was -being done; and Mr. L.’s reply, that it was of no -consequence, as she was too far gone.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 30. One new case, Mary Martin, -Underwood. Five cases remaining. Several people -suffering from weakness and debility; all who required it, had -nourishing things sent to them. By Mr. L.’s advice, I -returned home sooner than usual, as I had been very unwell during -the last few days.</p> -<p><i>August</i> 31. Susan Taylor <a -name="citation96"></a><a href="#footnote96" -class="citation">[96]</a> was sufficiently recovered to return to -Underwood. No new cases reported to-day. What a -mercy! The fearful disease has nearly subsided in this -parish, though as yet prevalent in the adjoining parish of -Plympton Maurice.</p> -<p><a name="page97"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 97</span>From -this time, no death by cholera occurred in the parish; but -through the month of September, those who had been attacked by -the disease, laboured under great debility. Some new cases -were reported; but of a milder character, with the exception of -two, which were taken to the Hospital. One was that of an -aged woman, who, on the 10th of September, was discovered lying -on the floor, at her house at Colebrook, in a state of -collapse. A medical gentleman had seen her as he passed by, -and called to inform me of the circumstance, at the same time -recommending what medicine should be given to her. I found -her, as described, lying on the stone floor, with all the -symptoms of confirmed cholera, and in great agony. After -much persuasion, she took the medicine, and consented to be -removed to the Hospital, only upon the condition that I would -take charge of her goods, and keep the key of her room. -Unhappily, she was one of those whose thoughts are entirely -engrossed by the objects of time; <a name="page98"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 98</span>therefore her mental agitation and -alarm were proportionately increased: and at such a moment, when -life was ebbing on the brink of eternity, there was no desire for -religious exercise, although at the eleventh hour; and all before -her was worse than blank—not a shadow of comfort!</p> -<p>After she arrived at the Hospital, her suffering was very -considerable. Mr. L. pursued the same treatment which had -been previously adopted, with the addition of active friction, -and hot salt in bags applied to the stomach. Warmth was -restored in about four hours, and she became gradually -better. In three days afterwards, she walked home, -recovered.</p> -<p>About this time, a man was found, in a wretched state, cold -and collapsed, in an open shed near Ridgeway. He was -conveyed to the Hospital immediately. Drinking and -dissipation had most probably tended to increase his sufferings, -for they were excessive. His habits were well known, and -there was every reason to suppose he was in a state of -intoxication <a name="page99"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -99</span>when seized with the disease. A strong emetic of -mustard and salt was first given to him, and active remedies were -afterwards resorted to. Some hours elapsed before warmth -could be restored, and it was thought the attack would terminate -fatally; but God was merciful to him, and he so far recovered as -to be able to leave the Hospital in two days. How far he -was impressed with the awfulness of his situation, or of -thankfulness for his escape from impending danger, rested with -his own conscience. He gave no satisfactory proof of any -salutary impression having been made upon his mind. He was -enveloped in utter darkness, and religious duties were evidently -irksome to him.</p> -<p>With the exception of these two cases, nothing occurred beyond -the usual routine of visiting convalescent patients, or those -taken with slight attacks, from the end of August to the 3rd of -October. During that period, the attendance at meetings of -the Board of Health, and constant communication <a -name="page100"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 100</span>with the -Central Board, as well as ordinary parish duties, were attended -to. On the 3rd of October, it was reported, and with devout -thankfulness acknowledged, that the disease was mercifully -withdrawn from the parish—the plague was stayed—and -the Board of Health was adjourned. Thus terminated the -progress of the fearful visitation in this parish. Thirty -deaths, chiefly from the village of Underwood, had occurred -between the 13th of July and the 27th of August. In the -adjacent town of Plympton, where the population by the census of -1831 was 804, there were twenty-two deaths between the 12th of -August and the 21st of September.</p> -<h2><a name="page101"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -101</span>CONCLUSION.</h2> -<p><span class="smcap">Here</span> it may be useful to make a -brief allusion to some of the circumstances connected with the -progress of the disease in this rural district. The first -patient who died of the cholera at Underwood, arrived there two -days before she was taken ill, from Plymouth, where the disease -was making fearful havoc. After her death, nearly a -fortnight elapsed, when two other deaths occurred, of persons who -were dwelling near the centre of the village. Then the -disease visited the extreme western end, taking its course -eastward, and at that end finished its career. The time of -its duration was between two and three months: its fatal effects -were limited to about five weeks.</p> -<p><a name="page102"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -102</span>Nearly a month after the disease had visited Plympton -St. Mary, it proceeded to Plympton St. Maurice, commencing on the -12th of August, in the middle of the town; then, as it had done -at Underwood, it went to the western extremity, afterwards taking -its course eastward, and, on the 20th of September, ceased at one -of the last houses in that direction. Although in both -parishes its fatal effects were limited to five weeks, it -lingered in the neighbourhood some weeks afterwards.</p> -<p>It may be supposed that, because the malady, during the later -period of its existence at Underwood, did not prove fatal, it was -understood better than at first, and that the medical treatment -was on that account more successful. But if so, it would -not have been so fatal afterwards at Plympton; as it was in the -hands of the same medical practitioner.</p> -<p>It may be worthy of remark, that towards the end of August, -the weather became cooler, and the vapour which rises in the -valley below Underwood, concentrated <a name="page103"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 103</span>in a white frost, though in a slight -degree, in the month of September; to which the gradual -disappearance of the disease was in some measure attributed.</p> -<p>By the entries in the Register of Burials, it appears that the -deaths were,—males, 14, females, 16; total, 30. One -male only died between the ages of 10 and 39. One female -only died between the ages of 10 and 45. Two males died -upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 53 and 72. Five females -died upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 56, 67, 75, 76, and -77.</p> -<p>Burials in Plympton St. Mary:—</p> -<table> -<tr> -<td><p>1831</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">males, 26</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">females, 18</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">total 44</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>1832</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 31</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 31</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 62</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>1833</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 14</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 18</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 32</p> -</td> -</tr> -</table> -<p>From the 1st of June to the 1st of September:—</p> -<table> -<tr> -<td><p>1831</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">males, 4</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">females, 3</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">total, 7</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>1832</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 20</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 19</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 39</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>1833</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 4</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 5</p> -</td> -<td><p style="text-align: right">„ 9</p> -</td> -</tr> -</table> -<p>The fact that nine out of twelve inmates of the cottage <a -name="citation103"></a><a href="#footnote103" -class="citation">[103]</a> inhabited by Parsons’s <a -name="page104"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 104</span>family were -swept off, under circumstances of a peculiarly aggravated and -appalling character, may be attributed to the unfortunate -inattention to sanitary precautions, which has already been -mentioned.</p> -<div><div class='figure' style='text-align: center'> -<div class='figureimage'> - -<a href="images/p102b.jpg"> -<img alt= -"The village of Underwood" -title= -"The village of Underwood" - src="images/p102s.jpg" /> -</a></div> -<div class='figurecaption'> -The village of Underwood</div> -</div> -</div> -<p>In consequence of the Board of Health not having been -regularly constituted until above a month after the commencement -of the disease in the parish, no returns from medical -practitioners were received before the 22nd of August; and even -after that period, so constantly were those gentlemen occupied, -and worn out with fatigue, the returns were very imperfectly -supplied. Therefore, a statistical account of cases, dates -of seizure and recovery, cannot here be attempted. It must, -therefore, suffice to state, that between 200 and 300 in this -parish were more or less affected with the disease; and in -Underwood alone, about 200. The proportion of deaths, in -cases which had advanced into the second or cold stage before -medical assistance had been obtained, was about one out of -three. In the foregoing <a name="page105"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 105</span>Extracts, only a portion of the -cases of confirmed cholera are mentioned; omitting those which -are termed incipient.</p> -<p>It cannot be too strongly impressed upon the attention of -every one, that if the atmosphere surrounding houses is corrupted -by the effluvia of stagnant water in pools and ditches, -unwholesome sewers, choked drains, or any accumulation of -filth—if badly ventilated rooms are crowded with an excess -of occupants—if the diet is low and unwholesome, and the -habits of the people are dirty, particularly if they are addicted -to drunkenness and dissipation,—diseases of various kinds -are engendered as a natural consequence; therefore, under such -circumstances, what can be expected during a visitation of an -extraordinary epidemic like that of cholera, but its baneful -effects, and those of a most aggravated and appalling -character.</p> -<p>It is essential that due attention be paid to the very first -indication of indisposition during the prevalence of the -epidemic. Vegetables and fruit should be avoided. <a -name="page106"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 106</span>Strong -affections of the mind, arising from anxiety, alarm, or excess of -grief, are extremely injurious; therefore the mind should be kept -calm, and if any symptoms, however trivial, should occur, medical -advice should be obtained as speedily as possible.</p> -<p>If, through neglect, or any other particular cause, the second -stage has come on, with violent sickness, cramp, cold -extremities, weakness, and sinking of the pulse, &c. the -disease is extremely dangerous. I have not heard of any -specific having yet been discovered, which can be recommended -with assurance of success. But even from this stage, and -under the most disheartening circumstances, several patients have -recovered.</p> -<p>It is hoped, that a plain statement of some of the remedies -which were resorted to in this parish, may have a place here, -without a risk of being objectionable; especially as it is -unaccompanied by any attempt to encroach upon the prerogative of -those whose professional education and <a -name="page107"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 107</span>experience -entitle them to be the sole arbiters and directors of such -subjects.</p> -<p>Many instances occurred, when medical aid could not be -immediately obtained; and some, when there was every probability -of considerable loss of time. Under such circumstances, to -prevent, if possible, the early stage of the disease assuming a -more serious character, much benefit was derived from the -following recipes, supplied by Mr. Langworthy; due regard being -observed to circumstances as they arose at the time, as well as -to the proportions usually allowed for difference of age, sex, -and constitution:—</p> -<table> -<tr> -<td><p>Powdered rhubarb</p> -</td> -<td><p>8 grains.</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>Powdered ginger</p> -</td> -<td><p>6 grains.</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>Carbonate of soda</p> -</td> -<td><p>20 grains.</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>Calomel, occasionally added</p> -</td> -<td><p>3 or 4 grains.</p> -</td> -</tr> -</table> -<p>It appeared to us, that in most cases which came under our -observation, where the use of heating or spirituous liquors had -been resorted to, for the purpose of allaying pain in the bowels, -it did more harm than good.</p> -<p>In cases which were attended with <a name="page108"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 108</span>aggravated symptoms, five, ten, -fifteen, or twenty grains of calomel, with nearly an equal -quantity of powdered ginger, were given by Mr. L., according to -circumstances, and in an hour or two afterwards, from half an -ounce to an ounce of castor oil, with one, two, or three drachms -of tincture of rhubarb.</p> -<p>When much irritation has been going on, soda water, in a state -of effervescence, or a teaspoonful of carbonate of soda, and the -same quantity of salvolatile, have tended to allay sickness, -&c.</p> -<p>In more advanced stages of the disease, the following mixture, -drank cold, has given relief:—</p> -<table> -<tr> -<td><p>Carbonate of soda</p> -</td> -<td><p>1 drachm.</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>Common salt</p> -</td> -<td><p>1 drachm.</p> -</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td><p>Oxymuriate (chlorate) of potash</p> -</td> -<td><p>3 or 4 grains.</p> -</td> -</tr> -</table> -<p>To be mixed in a quart of water, and drank when the patient -complained of thirst.</p> -<p>When internal cramp has caused great suffering, dry heat, by -the application of a bag of hot salt, to the pit of the stomach, -has been beneficial in relieving the pain; and, in the cold stage -of the disease, the <a name="page109"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 109</span>use of friction with stimulating -liniment, and mustard and vinegar poultices applied to the -extremities, have been attended with good effects. In -extreme cases, on the verge of death, recourse was had to -injecting some principal vein with saline fluid. This -invariably stopped the sufferings of the patient; but in the -application of the experiment by Mr. L., it did not succeed in -saving the life, unless a small quantity of blood was afterwards -transfused into the vein. This was done only in the three -cases here, of Wm. Gully, Susan Taylor, and Mary Taylor. -The two former recovered, and are living at the present -time. The latter was in a weak state of health before the -attack of cholera, to which the failure of the experiment was -attributed. The two former relapsed after the injection of -the saline fluid alone, and were rapidly sinking; but upon a -repetition of the process of injection, with the addition -afterwards of blood, they recovered.</p> -<p>It was remarked, that if calomel effected <a -name="page110"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 110</span>any degree -of salivation, the patient recovered.</p> -<p>In the event of a recurrence of such a fearful pestilence, -from which, may it please God in mercy to protect us, it may be -worth consideration, that Boards of Health become legally -constituted as soon as possible; that they may be empowered to -provide for cases of emergency, and engage medical assistance, in -proportion to the requirements of the district, with a -remuneration to the medical gentlemen commensurate with their -arduous duties. Also to provide an adequate attendance of -efficient nurses. In the case of our Board of Health, there -was no legal authority for making orders for assistance, until -the 22nd of August, nearly six weeks after the disease had -commenced in the parish. One medical gentleman only, with -the aid of his relation, had to attend nearly all the poor people -who were ill, in addition to his own private patients; and the -other medical practitioners were fully occupied. The -consequence was, that, in some instances, <a -name="page111"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 111</span>much -valuable time was lost. The difficulty of procuring nurses -at the time, has already been adverted to.</p> -<p>Under these circumstances, the consequences would have been -still more lamentable, if a subscription had not been raised to -meet the emergency; as extra expenses, to a large amount, which -had been incurred by a series of such fearful sickness and -distress, during a period of six weeks, were met by that -resource.</p> -<p>In justice to those parishioners who had the means, it should -be mentioned here, that, in addition to their benevolent and -liberal subscriptions, all aided in relieving the necessities of -their poorer brethren, and mitigated much of their distress, by -providing, from their own houses, many things which could not be -obtained in the poor man’s home. Some of the -principal families were absent at the time; but they took a -lively interest in the progress of events, and repeatedly gave -directions that the poor sufferers should be supplied with -whatever they required, from their houses.</p> -<p><a name="page112"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 112</span>In -concluding this plain record of some fearful occurrences among -his parishioners during the visitation with which God, for wise -purposes, afflicted them, the writer, in adverting to the many -acts of Christian beneficence, cannot refrain from expressing his -grateful remembrance of the affectionate kindness which he -himself experienced, from the highest to the lowest of his -parishioners, to which was added, an unexpected but gratifying -testimonial of regard from the parishioners in general, and -another from the village of Underwood in particular.</p> -<p>In these Extracts from a Diary relating to one particular -subject, many minor details have been omitted, as superfluous; -and the mention of some circumstances of a painful nature, as to -the state of mind or conduct of particular individuals, has been -avoided, from consideration for the feelings of others. If, -however, it should be asked, what effects this awful warning -produced upon those who witnessed its solemn call, it must be -confessed, <a name="page113"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -113</span>in general terms, that, with the exception of a few -individuals, no permanent change of character was -perceptible. There were then, as unhappily there are now, -persons upon whom no passing events, however striking, make any -salutary impression—who make light of the most solemn calls -to repentance and amendment—run through life utterly -heedless of the one thing needful; and when they “pass -through the valley of the shadow of death,” they have no -staff to rest upon for comfort and support. The state of -such people calls for the deepest commiseration. Much do -they require the Christian’s prayer, that they may be -converted and live. Well will it be for all of us, if, in -viewing the judgments of God in the world, we acknowledge them as -such; and in the endeavour to theorize upon second causes, we do -not overlook the Great First Cause. The hand of God must be -acknowledged, when, by either of His sore judgments, whether of -pestilence, famine, or the sword, He afflicts a people for their -iniquity. His divine <a name="page114"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 114</span>blessing must be sought, with the -earnest prayer of a contrite heart through faith in the Saviour; -for without His blessing, without His Almighty aid, all our -endeavours to escape the rod of His displeasure will assuredly -fail.</p> -<p>Whether as a nation or as individuals, let us not be -regardless of the warnings and mercies which we have from time to -time experienced at the hand of God. Let us remember the -word of the Lord addressed to his rebellious people of old, -“Son of man, when the land sinneth against me by -trespassing grievously, then will I stretch out mine hand upon -it, and will break the staff of the bread thereof, and will send -famine upon it, and will cut off man and beast,” -&c. And again, “If ye will not be reformed by me -by these things, but will walk contrary unto me; then will I also -walk contrary unto you, and will punish you yet seven times for -your sins. And when ye are gathered together within your -cities, I will send the pestilence among you.”</p> -<p><a name="page115"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -115</span>During a succession of many generations, the judgments -of the Lord, either of pestilence, famine, or the sword, have -visited our land at different periods. On these occasions, -days for public humiliation have been resorted to, with -confession of sin, and vows of repentance and amendment. -The prayer of the nation has been invariably heard, and the -scourge withdrawn. The mercies thus experienced have been -acknowledged by national thanksgiving. But notwithstanding -these things, we have been a rebellious people. It was only -within the last year that another of God’s judgments called -forth our humiliation, and public prayers for deliverance. -Again a supplicating nation was heard—the calamity was -withdrawn; and this was acknowledged by a general -thanksgiving. The Lord has hitherto been merciful to us; -and still, as a nation, we are wonderfully blessed. But -fearful signs and warnings have been hovering around, to awaken -us from spiritual lethargy, and forgetfulness of the past. -In addition to <a name="page116"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -116</span>this, the storm which has recently burst forth upon our -continental neighbours, and shaken the foundations of thrones and -empires, whilst it bids us to be thankful for the privileges we -enjoy, calls upon us to put our whole trust in Him who hath -hitherto succoured us. Therefore, amidst all the foreboding -signs of the times, and the internal convulsions that threaten -other nations, may we have grace so to acquit ourselves -consistently with our Christian profession, that God may yet be -merciful to our land, and continue to us His blessing.</p> - -<div class="gapmediumline"> </div> -<p><a name="page117"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 117</span><span -class="smcap">At</span> a Vestry meeting, held this 13th day of -January, 1833, in pursuance of a notice duly given,—</p> -<blockquote><p>Resolved, “That a small stone, in the shape -of a cross, with the date, 1832, engraved upon it, be placed as a -memorial at the head of all the graves of persons who had died of -the awful disease of cholera.”</p> -</blockquote> -<p style="text-align: center"> -<a href="images/p117.jpg"> -<img alt= -"Cross with 1832 written on it" -title= -"Cross with 1832 written on it" - src="images/p117.jpg" /> -</a></p> -<h2><a name="page119"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -119</span>SUBSCRIBERS.</h2> -<p class="gutlist">Adams, Mr. Peter, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Allen, Rev. John, North Huish.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Allport, D. H. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Andrews, Mr. H., Modbury.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Andrews, Peggy, Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Andrew, Mr. John, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Ash, Mr., Topsham.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Aylwin, Robert, Esq., Blackland, Plympton -(four copies).</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Bedford, the Duke of</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bedford, the Duchess of</p> -<p class="gutlist">Beauford, Miss, Tavistock.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bennett, W. Esq., Plymouth (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bevan, John, Esq., London (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bewes, Rev. Thomas, Beaumont (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bewes, Captain, ditto (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bewes, Charles, Esq. (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bickford, Jane, Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bickley, Mrs., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Biggs, Mrs. Arnold (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Biggs, Miss Juliet (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Body, Mr., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Boger, Deeble, Esq., Plympton (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Boger, Mrs., ditto (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bogue, Rev. Richard, Denbury (eight -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page120"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -120</span>Bone, J. Esq., Devonport.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Boolds, Mr. C., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bray, Rev. E. A., Tavistock (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bray, Mrs., ditto (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Bulteel, Miss</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Clarendon, the Earl of (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Clarendon, the Countess of (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Caledon, the Dowager Countess of (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Call, Sir William, Bart.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Call, Miss</p> -<p class="gutlist">Calmady, Mrs., Langdon Hall.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cann, Mr., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Catchpole, Mr., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Carew, Norman, Esq., Stoke (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Charrington, Spencer, Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Clark, Mrs., Buckland-Tout-Saints (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Clark, Mrs. Erving, Efford Manor.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cleverton, J. Esq., Boon’s Place.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cobb, Rev. Robert, Ellingham, Norfolk.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coles, J. B. Esq., Parrock’s Lodge, -Chard.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coles, Mrs., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coles, Rev. James, Shepton Beauchamp (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coles, J. S. Esq., Plymouth (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cole, Mrs., Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Collier, John, Esq., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Conway, Rev. W., Rochester.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Conway, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cork, Rev. Duncan, M.A., Ivy Bridge (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cork, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coryton, A. Esq., Pentillie.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Coryton, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cottle, Mr. John, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cotton, W. Esq., Highland House, Ivy Bridge -(two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page121"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -121</span>Cotton, Mrs., Highland House, Ivy Bridge (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Crews, Mr. H., Plympton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Cummings, Rev. Charles, M.A., Cheadle (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Curteis, Rev. Thomas, Sevenoaks (four -copies).</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">De Dunstanville, Lady</p> -<p class="gutlist">Davis, Rev. C. G., Tewkesbury.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Dawson, J. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Dennis, Rev. Samuel, Stoke.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Dennis, Lardner, Esq.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Dewdney, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Duff, Admiral, Braemoriston, Elgin (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Duff, Mrs., ditto (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Dyer, Mr. Robert, Norfolk Hotel, London (two -copies).</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Eastlake, George, Esq., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Eastlake, Charles Locke, Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Edmonds, Miss, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Edwards, Captain, Ludbrook House.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Elphinstone, Miss (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Elliot, Mr., Underwood (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Evans, William, Esq., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Evans, W. H. Esq., Stoke Villa.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Fanshawe, Captain H., R.N., Tilbuster Lodge, -Surrey (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Fanshawe, Capt. A., Stonehouse.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Flint, Rev. C. W. Raffles, Morden, Surrey -(eight copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Forster, Mrs., Ditchingham Cottage, Suffolk -(two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Forster, Miss Emily, ditto (twenty -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Fry, Mr. E., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Furneaux, James, Esq., Swilly.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Gardner, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page122"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -122</span>Giles, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Gordon, Mrs., Inverness.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Gordon, Mrs. Hugh, ditto</p> -<p class="gutlist">Goss, Mr. Robert, Plympton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Grills, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Haddock, Mrs., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hales, Mrs., Richmond (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hallett, Mrs., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hall, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hall, Mr. Sparkes, 308, Regent Street, -London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hatchard, Rev. John, M.A., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hawker, W. H. Esq., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hicks, Mr. F., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hingston, A. Esq., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hitchins, Mr. Martin, ditto (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Holden, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Holmes, Rev. Peter, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Holmes, Mr. Walter, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Holman, Mr. (and Coombes).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hook, Mrs., Gascoyne Place, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Howse, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hullah, Charles, Esq., London (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hullah, Rev. Thomas, M.A., Ridgeway (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Hunt, Major, Penquit Lodge.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Jago, Robert, Esq., Plymouth (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">James, W. T. Esq. R.N., Plympton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">James, Mr., Exeter.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Jauncey, Francis, Esq. (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Jones, Miss Braemoriston, Elgin (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Julian, Mr. George, Plympton.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Kington, Thomas, Esq., Charlton House (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page123"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -123</span>King, Mrs. James, Burrington (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Kingdon, Mr. John, Ridgeway (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Kirby, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Lewis, Lady Theresa (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lewis, G. Cornwall, Esq. (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lane, Rev. Richard, Coffleet.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lane, Mr. Richard, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Langmead, Rev. G. W., M.A., Plymouth (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Langworthy, Richard, Esq., Plympton (eight -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Laskey, Mrs. Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lavers, Joanna, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lavers, Mr. James, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Ley, George, Esq., Cockington.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Ley, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Lidstone, Mr. Roger, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Luttrell, Miss, Tilbuster Lodge, Surrey (two -copies).</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Morley, the Earl of (eight copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Morley, the Countess of (eight copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Morley, the Dowager Countess of (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Macfarlane, Mrs., Inverness (five copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Magrath, Sir George, M.D., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mangles, Captain C. E.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Martin, the Rev. Chancellor, Exeter.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Marsh, Rev. W. M.A., Ashburton (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mayhew, C. H. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">May, Rev. John, M.A., Ugborough.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mears, Rev. H., Snow Hill, Hartish (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mellish, Miss (eight copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Milner, Colonel, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Molesworth, Rev. William, M.A., St. -Brooke.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Molesworth, Rev. Hugh.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Molesworth, Rev. Paul.</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page124"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -124</span>Molesworth, Walter Hele, Esq., Goodamoor.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Morrice, Rev. W. D., M.A. Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mudge, Col. R. E., Beechwood (eight -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Mudge, Zach. Esq. M.A. (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Murray, Captain, Gosport.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Osmond, Mrs., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Overton, Mr. S., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Oxenham, Mrs., Southernhay, Exeter.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Page, J. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Page, Mr., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Palk, Lawrence, Esq.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Palk, Mrs.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Parker, Montague, Esq., Whiteway (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Parker, Mrs., ditto (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Parker, Mr. I., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Parkhouse, Mr. S., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Parsons, Mr., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pasmore, Mrs. E., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pepperall, Mary, Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pinwill, Rev. W. James, Plymouth (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pearse, Mr. J., Plympton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Phillipps, C. J. Esq., 1st Royals, Landue, -Cornwall.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Phillipps, Miss Caroline, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Phillipps, Miss Barbara, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Plimsaul Brothers, Messrs., Plymouth (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pitcher, W. H. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pitts, Mrs. Jane, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pitts, Mrs., Hay, Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Praed, W. Mackworth, Esq., Delamore.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Praed, Mrs. W. Mackworth, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Prance, W. Esq., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pridham, George, Esq., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page125"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -125</span>Pirdham, W. Esq., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Pym, Rev. F., Bickleigh.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Rack, W. M. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Reep, Richard T. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Robertson, Major, Lyncolm, Bath.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Roberts, Ann, Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Roe, H. Esq., Gnaton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Rogers, Captain, R.N., Plymouth.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">St. Germans, the Earl of</p> -<p class="gutlist">St. Germans, the Countess of</p> -<p class="gutlist">Seymour, Rev. Sir J. Culme, Bart. (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Seymour, Lady</p> -<p class="gutlist">Sarah, Mr., Merafield.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Saunders, Mrs., Kitley.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Saunders, George R. Esq., Wadebridge.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Scudamore, Rev. W. E., M.A., Ditchingham.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Sealy, Miss, Bristol (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Selerne, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Shepherd, John, Esq. Townsend Hill (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Shortland, Mrs. George, Lipson.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smale, Mr. G., Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smeaton, Rev. S. B., Sheepstor.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smith, Rev. Hinton, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Rev. John, Ridgeway (eight -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Mrs., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Miss Agnes, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Miss Mary, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Smythe, Miss Altha, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Soltau, George W. Esq., Efford (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Soltau, Mrs., ditto (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Soltau, Mrs. William, Plymouth (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page126"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -126</span>Southwood, Mr. Thomas, Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Spear, Miss, Halton Barton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Spence, Charles, Esq., Stoke.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Squire, Mr. S., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Squire, Mr., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stuart, Douglas, Esq., Handley House, Dor. -(four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stanbury, Mr. H., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stanbury, Mr. B.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stapleton, Augustus Granville, Esq.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stone, Rev. D. S., Walkhampton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stephens, Robert, Esq., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Stockman, Mr. H., Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strangways, Mrs., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Street, Fanny, Colebrook.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strode, George, Esq., Newnham Park (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strode, Mrs., ditto (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strode, George Sidney, Esq., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strode, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Strode, Miss Florence, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Symons, Mrs., Chaddlewood (three copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Symons, Major, Stonehouse.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Tallock, R. T. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Taylor, Rev. Henry, Southpoole (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Taylour, Mrs. C.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Thomas, D. Esq., London.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Tolcher, Edward, Esq., Ridgeway (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Toope, Mr. Stephen, Underwood.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Treby, Paul O. Esq., Goodamoor (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Treby, Henry Hele, Esq., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Treby, Miss, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Treby, Miss Blanche J., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Tremayne, J. H. Esq., Helygan.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Trench, Rev. Francis, M.A. Reading (three -copies).</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist"><a name="page127"></a><span class="pagenum">p. -127</span>Verulam, the Dowager Countess (four copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Villiers, the Honourable Mrs. (eight -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Vawdon, Mr., Baccamore, Plympton St. Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Vawdon, Mrs., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Vicary, Mr. T., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Vosper, Mrs., Merafield.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Walke, Mrs., Ridgeway (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Walke, Mr. Andrew, ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Watts, Rev. Prebendary, Gunville Rectory, -Dorset.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Weekes, Mr., Professor of Music, Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Whetham, Mrs., Kirklington Hall, Notts. (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">White, Miss, Seven Trees, Plymouth (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">White, Miss, Sarah, ditto (two copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">White, Miss, Smithaleigh, Plympton St. -Mary.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Widdicombe, Mr. J., Ludbrook Cottage.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Williams, Rev. C. K., D.D., Plympton.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Williams, John Esq., Ham Street (two -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Wills, Mr., Plymouth.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Wills, Mr. J., ditto.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Wilmot, Captain.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Wilmot, Mrs.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Wollacott, Mrs., Ridgeway.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Woollcombe, Captain, R.N., Hemerdon (four -copies).</p> -<p class="gutlist">Woollcombe, Rev. E. C., M.A., Oxford.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Woodman, C. B. Esq., York House, -Hampstead.</p> -<p class="gutlist">Woodman, Mrs., ditto.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p class="gutlist">Yabsley, Jane, Saltram Lodge</p> -<p class="gutlist">Yonge, Rev. J., Puslinch.</p> - -<div class="gapspace"> </div> -<p style="text-align: center"><a name="page128"></a><span -class="pagenum">p. 128</span><span -class="GutSmall">PLYMOUTH</span><br /> -<span class="GutSmall">ROGER LIDSTONE, PRINTER,</span><br /> -<span class="GutSmall">GEORGE STREET.</span></p> -<h2>FOOTNOTES.</h2> -<p><a name="footnote1"></a><a href="#citation1" -class="footnote">[1]</a> By the census in 1841, the -population was 2757 and it is computed, at the present time, to -be above 3000.</p> -<p><a name="footnote2"></a><a href="#citation2" -class="footnote">[2]</a> This valley is at present little -else than an extensive marsh, which has been redeemed from the -Lary, or Laira, an estuary into which the river Plym empties -itself. A dense fog, of a peculiar character, frequently -rises from this valley, after sun-set, at all seasons of the -year, and hangs about the adjacent hill, assuming the appearance -of a white cloud.</p> -<p><a name="footnote14"></a><a href="#citation14" -class="footnote">[14]</a> This gentleman was the medical -officer for the parish; and the epidemic having been chiefly -prevalent among the labouring class of people, the frequent -mention of his name will be accounted for.</p> -<p>When it pleased God to withdraw the disease from this -neighbourhood, the skilful manner in which Mr. Langworthy had -treated it, and his unremitting attention to the arduous duties -of his office, were duly acknowledged at a parish meeting, with -an addition to his salary; and a handsome piece of plate, -purchased by subscription, was presented to him. He died a -few years afterwards.</p> -<p><a name="footnote18"></a><a href="#citation18" -class="footnote">[18]</a> A supply of all those medicines, -&c., which were considered to be requisite, was provided out -of the subscription fund, and kept at my house; viz., castor oil, -tincture of rhubarb, laudanum,—packets, of different -proportions, ready made up and marked, of powdered rhubarb, -carbonate of soda, powdered ginger, and calomel. Carageen -moss, arrow-root, patent groats, mustard, linseed, chloride of -lime, stimulating liniment, called “cholera lotion,” -spirits of turpentine, spirits of salvolatile, &c. From -nine to ten every morning, poor people were supplied with what -they required,—some, with common remedies for slight -indisposition; others, according to prescriptions which they -received from their medical attendant,—all under the -direction or sanction of some medical practitioner.</p> -<p><a name="footnote42"></a><a href="#citation42" -class="footnote">[42]</a> When Sergeant Higgins was -suddenly carried off by the cholera, a feeling of the deepest -commiseration for his wife and children was excited among the -officers and privates of the regiment. They immediately -entered into a subscription, and when the sorrowing widow was -about to leave the Citadel with her four young children, on her -journey to Cork, they presented her with a purse containing -twenty sovereigns. The poor creature was so overpowered by -the conflicting feelings of grief for her loss, and gratitude for -such an unexpected act of generosity, that she was unable, -without assistance, to get to the waggon in which she was to -travel. Some of her late husband’s comrades and their -wives accompanied her; and so affecting was the parting scene, -that more than one manly cheek was bedewed with tears when the -sad farewell was exchanged. How soon was it realized as a -last farewell!</p> -<p>Immediately after the funeral, I wrote to her relations at -Cork, informing them of the mournful event, and requesting them -to inform me what arrangements they would suggest respecting the -children. The youngest, aged one year, died of the cholera -in our hospital, in a fortnight after the decease of its -mother. At this time, a person arrived, to take charge of -the children. Before they left the workhouse, where every -care had been taken of them, their relation requested to know -what was due to the parish. In reply to which, he was -informed, that “the last tribute of respect and Christian -sympathy to a broken-hearted widow, was reserved for her helpless -little orphans.” Nothing was accepted. The -purse which she had with her was returned, with the contents -untouched.</p> -<p><a name="footnote45"></a><a href="#citation45" -class="footnote">[45]</a> This man and his wife had been -very active and useful, as nurses, and they occupied an upstair -apartment, in the same cottage with Parsons’s family.</p> -<p><a name="footnote48"></a><a href="#citation48" -class="footnote">[48]</a> The town of Plympton, in the -parish of Plympton St. Maurice, is situate a few hundred yards -eastward from Underwood, in the same valley which lies below that -village.</p> -<p>Some displeasure was expressed, at Plympton, on account of -Susan Taylor having gone to her brother-in-law’s house, as -that place had hitherto been free from the epidemic.</p> -<p>An influential gentleman there wrote to me on the subject, to -the following effect:—</p> -<blockquote><p>I dare say you have heard that the cholera has -unhappily appeared among us, owing to the widow of Taylor and her -child, having emigrated last night from Underwood to Plympton, -and slept at the house of her brother, in consequence of her -having no other abode . . . It is requisite that you should -be aided by the practical co-operation of others, and -particularly that you should be empowered, by the vote of the -parish, to enforce in your overseers the full and immediate -performance of their duty . . . If the poor of Plympton St. -Mary are driven from their houses by accident or pestilence, they -are equally entitled to be taken care of by the parish officers, -and it is their bounden duty instantly to provide them with some -other habitation. Had that been attended to yesterday, we -should (at least in the present case) have been exempt from the -pestilence to-day.</p> -<p>Dated August 11th, 1832.</p> -</blockquote> -<p><a name="footnote50"></a><a href="#citation50" -class="footnote">[50]</a> I received the following letter, -in consequence of some difficulty that had arisen respecting the -power of our present Board of Health to make any order for -assistance from the parish; the parish officers having hitherto -taken no steps for that purpose:—</p> -<blockquote><p style="text-align: right">Rose Cottage, Ridgeway, -August 11, 1832.</p> -<p>My dear Sir,</p> -<p>As the dread malady with which this neighbourhood is unhappily -afflicted does not appear to have yet run its course (neither -Ridgeway nor Colebrook having been much affected), and as it is -utterly impossible that one medical man, however active and -zealous, can attend on half the cases; nor is it possible that -you should be able to continue your exertions as you have done, -unless the patients are more concentrated: under these -considerations, I beg to suggest the propriety of calling a -meeting to-morrow, to consider the expediency of appointing some -place to receive the poor people that may be attacked, and also -to depute some one to act as assistant overseer; as the overseer -resides so far off, a deputy is absolutely necessary.</p> -<p style="text-align: center">I remain, my dear Sir,</p> -<p style="text-align: right">Yours, &c.<br /> -B. CROCKER.</p> -</blockquote> -<p><a name="footnote52"></a><a href="#citation52" -class="footnote">[52]</a> Carbonate of soda, one drachm; -muriate of soda (or common salt, now chloride of sodium), one -drachm; oxymuriate of potash (now chlorate of potash), six -grains; mixed in a quart of water, heated exactly 110 degrees by -a thermometer. In cases where this remedy was resorted to, -from four to seven quarts were injected.</p> -<p><a name="footnote54"></a><a href="#citation54" -class="footnote">[54]</a> Some parishioners met in the -Vestry-room, after the morning service, and it was resolved, -that, as the present Board of Health, being only self-appointed, -has not the power of making an order upon the parish for any -assistance, under the present distressing emergency, the chairman -be requested to write to the secretary of the Central Board, -expressing the earnest wish of the members of the Plympton St. -Mary Board to be legally constituted.</p> -<p><a name="footnote56"></a><a href="#citation56" -class="footnote">[56]</a> I wrote to the secretary of the -Central Board of Health, Whitehall, informing him that a Board of -Health had been appointed in the parish, and requesting, on the -part of the Board, that the Board might immediately receive the -sanction of the Privy Council, in order to their being enabled to -exercise the requisite authority for endeavouring to prevent the -spreading of the cholera; at the same time, requesting to be -furnished with copies of the “Orders in Council.”</p> -<p><a name="footnote65"></a><a href="#citation65" -class="footnote">[65]</a> Providentially that person -sustained no injury or inconvenience from such a beautiful trait -of a feeling heart; and it was not passed over unrequited.</p> -<p><a name="footnote70a"></a><a href="#citation70a" -class="footnote">[70a]</a> A letter from the secretary of -the Central Board was received, enclosing an order of the Lords -of the Privy Council, appointing a Board of Health at Plympton -St. Mary. Notice was given for a meeting of the -parishioners, on the 22nd.</p> -<p><a name="footnote70b"></a><a href="#citation70b" -class="footnote">[70b]</a> Board of Health, Plympton St. -Mary, legally constituted August 18th, 1832:—George Strode, -Esq., Newnham Park; Richard Rosdew, Esq., Beechwood; Capt. -Woollcombe, R.N., Hemerdon; Henry Hele Treby, Esq., Goodamoor; -George William Soltau, Esq., Efford; Augustus Granville -Stapleton, Esq., St. Mary’s Hill, Ridgeway; Rev. Edward -Beauchamp St. John, Underwood; Robert Langworthy, Esq.; Benjamin -Crocker, Esq., Rose Cottage, Ridgeway; Mr. Delville, Underwood; -Mr. Pearse, Mr. Cork, Mr. Day, Mr. Worth, Mr. Pollard, Mr. -Hilson, Mr. Yolland, Mr. Willing, Mr. Olver, Mr. Brewer; William -I. Coppard, Chairman.</p> -<p><a name="footnote72"></a><a href="#citation72" -class="footnote">[72]</a> Mr. Richard Langworthy was at the -time a student in medicine, and came to assist his relation soon -after the cholera began to spread at Underwood.</p> -<p><a name="footnote83"></a><a href="#citation83" -class="footnote">[83]</a> According to notice, duly given, -a meeting of the parishioners was held on this day, in the -Vestry-room, at the Church; present, Mr. Richard Worth, Mr. Wm. -Delville. “Resolved, That this meeting be adjourned -from the Vestry-room in the Church, to the Plymouth Inn, -Ridgeway; some of the Parishioners having objected to meet in the -Vestry-room in the Church, or in the room at the Workhouse, where -vestry meetings have hitherto been held, on account of -apprehension of danger of infection from the -cholera.” The meeting was adjourned accordingly.</p> -<blockquote><p style="text-align: right"><span -class="smcap">William I. Coppard</span>, Chairman.</p> -<p>“An adjourned meeting of the parishioners was held on -this day, at the Plymouth Inn, Ridgeway; present, George Strode, -Esq., William Langmead, Esq., George William Soltau, Esq., B. -Crocker, Esq., Mr. J. Yolland, Mr. William Delville, Mr. Worth, -Mr. Willing, Mr. Joseph Pearse, Mr. Brewer. Resolved, That -a Board of Health having been regularly appointed in the parish, -under the authority of the Lords of H.M. most honourable Privy -Council, in compliance with the proposition of the Board, the sum -of twenty pounds be paid to the order of the chairman of the said -Board, for the purpose of meeting the present expenses of the -Board.”</p> -<p style="text-align: right"><span class="smcap">William I. -Coppard</span>, Chairman.</p> -</blockquote> -<p><a name="footnote85a"></a><a href="#citation85a" -class="footnote">[85a]</a> The clergyman of Plympton St. -Maurice, having sickness in his family, requested me to visit -some of his parishioners whenever I had an opportunity.</p> -<p><a name="footnote85b"></a><a href="#citation85b" -class="footnote">[85b]</a> Mr. Deeble Boger was present in -several of the worst cases of cholera, in the town of Plympton; -and his benevolent and active exertions contributed materially to -mitigate the sufferings of the afflicted people.</p> -<p><a name="footnote96"></a><a href="#citation96" -class="footnote">[96]</a> Susan Taylor subsequently married -an honest and industrious labourer. They have five young -children, and are living at Underwood at the present time.</p> -<p><a name="footnote103"></a><a href="#citation103" -class="footnote">[103]</a> Represented on the left hand of -the foreground, in the woodcut.</p> -<pre> - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE CHOLERA*** - - -***** This file should be named 67063-h.htm or 67063-h.zip****** - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/7/0/6/67063 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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