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diff --git a/old/67063-0.txt b/old/67063-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6310aff..0000000 --- a/old/67063-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2788 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, Cottage scenes during the cholera, by William -Isaac Coppard - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: Cottage scenes during the cholera - being extracts from a diary written in July and August, 1832 - - -Author: William Isaac Coppard - - - -Release Date: January 1, 2022 [eBook #67063] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE -CHOLERA*** - - -Transcribed from the 1848 F. & J. Rivington edition by David Price. Many -thanks to the British Library for making their copy available. - - [Picture: Plympton St. Mary Church] - - - - - - COTTAGE SCENES - DURING - THE CHOLERA. - - - * * * * * - - BEING EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY WRITTEN IN - JULY AND AUGUST, 1832. - - * * * * * - - BY THE - REV. W. I. COPPARD, M.A., - - INCUMBENT OF PLYMPTON ST. MARY, DEVONSHIRE; AND DOMESTIC - CHAPLAIN TO THE EARL OF MORLEY. - - * * * * * - - * * * * * - - * * * * * - - LONDON: - F. & J. RIVINGTON; HAMILTON, ADAMS, AND CO.; - HATCHARD & SON; AND MASTERS; - EXETER: H. J. WALLIS. PLYMOUTH: R. LIDSTONE. - - 1848. - - * * * * * - - “TAKE HEED UNTO THYSELF, AND KEEP THY SOUL DILIGENTLY, LEST THOU - FORGET THE THINGS WHICH THINE EYES HAVE SEEN, AND LEST THEY DEPART - FROM THY HEART ALL THE DAYS OF THY LIFE.” - - DEUT. IV. 9. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -IN compliance with the repeated request of some highly valued friends, -these Extracts are offered to the Public. They possess no recommendation -beyond that of being a plain statement of facts, for the authenticity of -which, there are many living witnesses: and the writer of them humbly -prays that, by the blessing of God, they may contain some hints which -will be beneficial to his fellow-creatures. - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -THE Parish of Plympton St. Mary, at a distance of about four miles from -Plymouth, is bounded on the west by the river Plym. From Long-Bridge, -which crosses the river, it extends eastward nearly six miles. The -population, {1} at the time of the census of 1831, consisted of 2152, and -is scattered over an area of nearly thirty square miles. Independently -of gentlemen’s seats, numerous farm houses, and small clusters of -cottages in isolated spots, there are seven villages within the parish; -viz., Ridgeway, Underwood, Colebrook, Hemerdon, Sparkwell, Venton, and a -part of Lee-Mill-Bridge, containing, upon an average, in each, from 150 -to 300 inhabitants, chiefly agricultural labourers. - -Near the western extremity, stands the venerable Parish Church, in a -picturesque valley, within a few hundred yards of the three first-named -villages. Colebrook is on the lowest ground, adjacent to a small river; -Ridgeway is situated higher; and Underwood, the main scene of the -disastrous ravages of the cholera (having been nearly decimated out of a -population of 300, and where, at one time, 200 individuals were affected, -more or less, with symptoms of the fearful epidemic), lies east and west -on the north slope of a hill which rises above a valley {2} terminating -at the river Plym. A small brook winds its way at the foot of the hill; -and a little stream, issuing from a spring which rises at the western -end, runs through a part of the village, in an open gutter on the side of -the road. - -The poorer portion of the inhabitants are as well conducted and cleanly -in their habits as the generality of labouring people; and their -cottages, for the most part, are kept in a creditable condition. - -The four last-named villages are at the eastern end of the parish, three -or four miles distant from the Church, and are situated on elevated -ground, bordering on the Moors. The air in the neighbourhood is -considered to be very healthy. No such density of population exists in -any one locality which might be supposed to produce a prejudicial effect -on the salubrity of the atmosphere. Therefore, as far as local -advantages could be depended upon, every thing tended to encourage the -idea, that the parish was not so liable to be infected with the cholera -as many other places. - -Up to the month of July, 1832, when that disease was making fearful havoc -at Plymouth and the adjoining towns, a flattering hope was still -entertained that, by the mercy of God, we should escape. But it pleased -Him “who ordereth all things with infinite wisdom,” and “whose ways are -past finding out,” that it should be otherwise; and on the 13th of July, -the first instance of a case of the cholera in the parish, occurred at -Underwood. - -It must not be supposed, however, that no precautionary steps had been -taken. The great importance and necessity of sanatory measures had been -felt and acted upon in the neighbourhood, long before. A public meeting, -especially convened for that purpose, was held at Ridgeway, on the 8th of -November, 1831. The principal gentlemen of the parish were present. A -Board of Health was formed; and the immediate attention of the board was -directed to the following objects:— - -“1. The state of the highways, dung pits, and gutters. -“2. The state of the houses of the poor, as regards whitewashing, -ventilation, and bedding. -“3. The providing common necessaries, and requisite medicines. -“4. The engaging (provisionally, so as to be able to enter it at a -moment’s warning) a proper house, to be used as a hospital; or, -otherwise, to arrange with adjoining parishes for a joint occupation of -any such convenient building; so that the distance for the removal of the -sick should be as small as possible. -“5. That two members of the board (to be arranged among themselves) do -daily take the duty of superintending the due execution of the above -regulations. -“6. That a subscription be forthwith entered into for the above -purposes. -“7. That the Rev. W. I. COPPARD be requested to act as treasurer and -secretary.” - -A subscription was immediately raised; and the measure, as far as it was -practicable, was carried into effect under the superintendence of those -gentlemen who were members of the committee, at the villages which were -contiguous to their respective residences. - -During the month of November, the poor who whitewashed their dwellings, -in compliance with the recommendation of the committee, were paid for the -time they had lost. Lime was conveyed to their houses, and delivered to -them free of expense. If unable to use the whitewash themselves, masons -were employed for them. - -All heaps of manure, &c., which had been accumulated near -dwelling-houses, were removed; drains were cleansed, and some enlarged. -In several instances, blankets were supplied to those whose bedding was -in a bad state, or too scanty. - -Thus far, sanatory measures were adopted more than eight months before -any symptoms of the disease appeared in the parish. - -From this time to the month of July, 1832, it pleased God, in mercy, to -spare us. The pestilence, however, was raging far and near. The dark -and threatening cloud still lowered around. But months passed on; until, -at last, it approached with awful warning. Then “fearfulness and -trembling came upon us.” And “in the time of trouble we called upon the -Lord.” Then were acknowledged “the neglect of God’s ordinances, the -misuse of his bounties, and the offences which had been multiplied in the -land.” - -As, long before this, temporal precautions had been resorted to, with the -hope that, under the blessing of God, they might be instrumental towards -the averting of the impending danger; so, trembling penitents also -sought, in humble prayer, the only effectual remedy to assist in setting -their spiritual house in order,—the merciful aid of a pardoning God, -through the merits and intercession of a crucified Saviour. Humbled to -the dust, under a sense of sin and unworthiness, which now appeared in -fearful reality, they pleaded for mercy before the Throne of Grace, -comforted by the promise of their Heavenly Advocate, “Whosoever cometh -unto me, I will in no wise cast out.” They fled in earnest to the “Rock -of Ages,” for shelter from the storm. Having been thus prepared for the -approaching trial, when it did fall on them, they experienced a merciful -answer to their cry for help, and were supported in their last hour; for -the nearer death approached, it was, in numerous instances, met with -resignation, tranquillity, and peace. - -When we ponder these things, and reflect upon the uncertainty of life, -whether exhibited in the ordinary or the extraordinary course of nature, -we cannot but feel how important it is to cherish within us a spirit of -watchfulness and prayer. This, by the blessing of God, and the merits of -the Saviour, will disarm death of its sting, and dispel, or at least -mitigate, the fears which assail us in the time of danger. Amidst the -varying scenes of life, this frame of mind carries a blessing with it; -and, when we are about to quit them, it will bring us peace at the last. - -“Take ye heed, watch and pray: for ye know not when the time is.” - -“Blessed are those servants whom the Lord when he cometh shall find -watching.” - -God grant that the recollection of the fearful events which the following -plain narrative recalls, may revive, and render permanent, not the -terrors of the mere outward circumstances, but the pious vows and -resolutions which accompanied them. - -It may be necessary here to remark, in reference to the prominent -allusion, in the following pages, to the writer himself, that in the -details of a Diary it could not be avoided. A panic had spread in the -neighbourhood, from a conviction that the disease was not only epidemic, -but contagious. The consequence was, that all intercourse between the -inhabitants of other villages with Underwood, was either prohibited, or -avoided as much as possible. As one proof of this, a servant in another -part of the parish, who went to Underwood to see a relation, at a house -where there was no sickness, was immediately discharged. - -Thus the difficulty of obtaining assistance, and of providing nurses, was -lamentably increased. The sick and dying, who had no one to help them, -sought their minister, as their only earthly friend: and in the closing -scenes of their existence, they called aloud for his presence. Such an -appeal, both to the common feelings of humanity, as well as to one of the -highest obligations of a Christian minister, could not be otherwise than -irresistible. There is nothing remarkable, therefore, in the -circumstance of a clergyman, residing close to the village afflicted with -such an awful visitation, having endeavoured to render all the assistance -in his power, independently of attending to the important duties of his -sacred office. Who, among the clergy, would not have done the same, in a -similar case of emergency? Many names are on record, of those who -exerted all their energies, in a manner far more valuable and important. - -When we recollect the scenes at Bilston, Sedgly, Plymouth, and other -populous districts, where the epidemic spread among thousands, it is -evident that the labour and exertion of those whose duty called upon them -to attend the sick, must have been past description. Few, under such -circumstances, had an opportunity of remaining any great length of time -to watch the progress of particular cases, or of taking minutes of them. -But where the disease was confined within narrower limits, and not more -than two or three hundred had been affected by it, the difficulty of -taking notes became proportionably less. This has probably been done in -many instances, which, at present, have not been made known. But it has -been strongly urged that the publication of them might be highly useful; -as an opportunity would be thus afforded for those who are the most -competent for the undertaking, to compare the details of variation of -character, which this extraordinary disease may have exhibited under -different circumstances; and by these means to arrive at some additional -conclusions as to how far it has resisted or yielded to the application -of particular modes of treatment. - -The _Christian Observer_ (No. 381, Sept. 1833, page 511) expresses this -opinion in the following words:— - - “It might be well if clergymen, or other persons, would draw up a - record of any remarkable circumstances, in their respective - vicinities, connected with the visitation. These local narratives - would form valuable notices towards a history of this mysterious - disease. - - “It would not be uninteresting to compare the memoranda, moral and - physical, of an inland manufacturing town like Bilston, suffering - under the affliction, with those of a scattered rural district, or a - seaport population, such as that of Plymouth, which the disease - visited with almost unexampled rigour.” - - - - -EXTRACTS FROM A DIARY, -&c. - - -1832, _July_ 13. Mellonia Thorn (who came from Plymouth, where the -cholera was prevailing, on Wednesday, the 11th, in perfect health, to -Underwood, on a visit to her daughter, Mary Pepperall), after a few -hours’ illness, died this evening of that disease. I called to see her, -but she was too near her end to derive benefit or consolation from any -one. - -So sudden was the attack which seized this poor woman, that the greatest -dismay and confusion prevailed among the inmates of the house. She rose -in the morning, apparently quite well, and was occupied during the day, -until three o’clock, p.m., in ironing her son’s linen. About this time, -she complained of sickness, and in less than half-an-hour, other symptoms -of cholera followed with fearful rapidity. - -While she was in this state, a neighbour called to see her, and advised -her to try the effect of _brandy_. _Her friends followed this advice_, -_and gave her half a glass of brandy every ten minutes or quarter of an -hour_, _until she had taken half a pint_. - -Between six and seven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy {14} arrived. But the -second or cold stage had come on. The poor woman was more tranquil than -she had been, but much exhausted, and harassed by continual thirst. The -disease progressed so rapidly, that it baffled every effort to afford -relief. Various remedies were tried, without the least effect. A vein -was opened,—no blood flowed,—it was congealed,—and, gradually, between -nine and ten o’clock, the poor sufferer ceased to breathe. - -The news of this fearfully sudden death soon spread through the parish. -Many a heart, with anxious throb, sickened under gloomy forebodings; and -many lips, hitherto unaccustomed to prayer, began to seek, through that -neglected resource, the mercy of God. - -_July_ 14. The funeral of Mellonia Thorn took place to-day. The advice, -that as few persons as possible should be present, was strictly attended -to. Two only, besides the bearers, were there! and, in the stillness of -a lovely summer eve,—no sound interrupting the sublime burial service of -our Church, and with an increased solemnity, consequent upon such an -awakening occasion,—the mortal remains of this first victim of the -cholera in our parish were consigned to the grave! - -_July_ 27. John Gulley, of Underwood, aged fifty-three, died this -afternoon. He was unwell a few days; but thought that, as his -indisposition was unaccompanied by pain, it was of no importance. -Medical aid was not called in, until he had fallen into the second stage -of cholera; and he was rapidly carried off. - -_July_ 28. Having been informed that precautionary measures were much -required at the house where John Gulley died, I went there, enquired for -the family, and gave directions for fumigating the rooms, the use of -chloride of lime, &c. - -When I quitted this house, some poor people implored me to go to Edward -Tretheway’s cottage (situate very near John Gulley’s), to see his -daughter, a little girl, ten years of age, who was “in a dying state.” -She was much beloved by the neighbours; and several women were standing -in groups about the house, anxiously enquiring about her. She was also -an object of more than ordinary interest to myself, as she was one of the -best-behaved children in our Sunday School. - -On entering the cottage, the alarm of the family was manifested in the -neglected state of every thing around,—tea-things scattered about the -table—the homely meal left half-finished—by the fire-side, a poor man was -endeavouring to pacify two or three frightened children—some women who -had called to assist their neighbour, stood aghast, incapable of doing -any thing. The afflicted mother pointed to the stairs, and begged me -hasten to see the child before it was too late. In the room above, the -scene was very affecting. The poor little creature was on a bed, with -her clothes on, supported on her weeping father’s arm—her countenance -collapsed, and her hands characterized by all the signs of the second -stage of cholera,—no indication of pulse—scarcely a sign of life—from all -appearances, the disease had secured its prey. - -That no time might be lost before the arrival of Mr. Langworthy, who had -been sent for, I recommended that she should be immediately undressed, -and placed between hot blankets; and I went home for some medicines, {18} -blankets, &c. Mr. Langworthy came, and the application of friction was -adopted with apparent success, as indications of returning animation were -shortly visible, but not of warmth about the body. On recovering her -recollection, and being timid of strangers, she could not be prevailed -upon to take any thing except from myself. I left her for a short time, -to attend the funeral of John Gulley. When I returned, a hot-air bath -had been procured, and a fair trial given to it; but the only effect -produced was a profuse, but cold, perspiration. The harassing symptoms -of the disease were not subdued. Every thing was tried which human aid -could suggest to relieve her, but she was rapidly sinking. - -Mr. L. requested me to remain with her during his absence, which was -unavoidably prolonged two hours. When he returned, she was sensible, and -free from pain; but no warmth could be produced. About twelve o’clock, -her countenance suddenly resumed its natural appearance—her eyes, their -intelligence. I took her hand, which she held out to me. The icy chill -seemed to have yielded in a slight degree. We thought the crisis was -over, and that she was on the recovery; but, in an instant—without a -sigh—without even a lengthened breath—her eyes were glazed! and her -gentle spirit winged its flight, I trust, to that blessed Lord, who said, -“Suffer little children to come unto me, and forbid them not; for of such -is the kingdom of heaven.” - -I called the parents aside, before they were conscious of what had -happened, and remained conversing with them, until their minds were -sufficiently tranquillized to offer up an evening prayer, in which all -the family devoutly joined; and at one in the morning, I concluded my -pastoral visit, sincerely sympathizing with that poor family. - -_July_ 29. Ann Tretheway, aged ten years, was buried. - -_July_ 30. Edward, the father of Ann Tretheway, taken ill. Mr. -Langworthy having been sent for to attend another patient, in compliance -with his wish, and under his directions, I watched the case, as it was of -a serious nature, attended with incessant sickness, diarrhea, -considerable cramp, weakness, and slight discoloration of the fingers and -nails. - -Five fresh cases reported. - -_July_ 31. All the patients going on favourably. - -_August_ 1. Edward Tretheway slightly salivated, but much better. Very -sensible of the mercy he has experienced, and devoutly thankful. May the -impression, arising from the death of their child, and the man’s own -recovery from the threatened danger, never be obliterated from the minds -of this family. - -_August_ 2. No new cases. - -_August_ 3. Several people came in the morning for castor oil, rhubarb, -&c. Went to Venton and Lee-Mill-Bridge, to see some people who were ill. - -_August_ 4. At ten, a.m., sent for to William Williams, aged -thirty-nine, at Underwood. His wife, in great distress, said he had been -very ill on the preceding day, and all the night. _He had tried to stop -the pain in his bowels with hot brandy and water_, and peppermint; but he -had derived no relief. After eighteen hours’ sickness, the medical -gentleman who always attended the family had been sent for. When he -arrived, he did not consider the symptoms serious; but, being summoned to -a very bad case, he went away, merely ordering the patient to be kept -warm until his return. He had been gone two hours; and during that -interval the poor man had fallen into the second stage of cholera. - -Much valuable time having already elapsed, it was suggested that active -measures should be immediately commenced, to restore warmth, if possible. -Mustard poultices and friction, as in other cases, were then adopted. He -was quite sensible; and, appearing somewhat easier, on being asked how he -felt, he shook his head, saying, “It is a bad business: I shall never get -over it.” He had become much weaker, and was perfectly aware of his -danger. It was proposed that we should again address ourselves, in -prayer, to the Throne of Grace. This, he most earnestly desired; his -wife and aged mother, at the same time, kneeling by the bed, seeking -refuge where alone it could be found. It was a sad and solemn scene,—no -ray of hope that he would recover. These poor afflicted people, however, -derived much comfort from having thus lifted up their sorrowing hearts in -prayer to their God and Saviour; and they became more composed and -resigned. - -As medical advice had been procured, we did not feel justified in having -recourse to other remedies than those of the simplest kind, our object -being merely to allay, or prevent, suffering. When the medical attendant -returned, he was much surprised to find the disease had made such a rapid -and fatal progress. He ordered the patient to be immersed in cold water. -This could be borne only one minute. The poor creature was sinking; and -shortly afterwards he died. - -The death of this man created great sympathy among the people of the -village; many with tears lamenting the sudden loss of a quiet and -respected neighbour. At the same time, increased alarm became very -apparent throughout the little community around. - -The neighbourhood was now considered to be infected with the awful -disease. After the sad scene at this house, every precaution, to prevent -it from spreading, was promptly attended to. Chloride of lime was -abundantly used, and the rooms were whitewashed. - -On the opposite side of the road, a woman, named Honey, was labouring -under a serious attack of the disease. Several persons, from different -houses, came to me and entreated me to step in, if only for one minute, -to see a husband, a wife, or a child, who were unwell. This arose, not -only from an anxiety for spiritual comfort; but, in many instances, from -an apprehension of danger, on the least indication of indisposition, and -a wish to know how to proceed, if medical advice could not be immediately -obtained. - -_Sunday_, _August_ 5. As I passed through Underwood before the morning -service, I visited Michael Mc. Kenny, who had been taken suddenly ill -yesterday, whilst at work. The disease was gaining ground—Mr. Langworthy -away from home, and his return uncertain; therefore, I adopted the same -course which he had previously recommended me to pursue under similar -circumstances. - -A larger congregation than usual assembled at the Church, both parts of -the day; and, although our services are generally observed with strict -propriety, upon this occasion, a death-like stillness, and a marked -solemnity of deportment prevailed. About double the usual number also -availed themselves of the opportunity of receiving the Holy Communion. -If the serious contemplation, that the fearful visitation, with which it -has pleased God in his infinite wisdom to afflict our land, has now -entered within the borders of our parish, and approached the threshold of -our own homes—if the awful and sudden death of our near neighbours has -awakened us to a sense of our mortality, and the uncertainty of our own -lives—if this has added to the number of sincere worshippers in the -sanctuary, and touched the hearts of the careless with a sense, not only -of the danger of the perishable body, but especially of their immortal -souls, thereby leading them to sincere repentance,—then this very -dispensation at the hand of God, though an affliction heavy to be borne -by poor, weak, sinful mortals, will be acknowledged to have been a -blessing in disguise; and, although a severe chastisement to hundreds, a -dispensation of mercy to tens of thousands. - -May God, in mercy, hear the devout prayers of his people, which have been -offered up this day. - -After the services were ended, two fresh cases were reported, at -Underwood. At Hurrell’s cottage, which joins that where Williams died, -John Hurrell and his wife Jane, both aged twenty-seven, were in bed, very -ill, with undoubted symptoms of cholera. At first, they expressed the -greatest terror; but, having raised their thoughts to Him who is “mighty -to save,” and being no strangers to religious habits, or the happiness -which ever accompanies the true Christian in the exercise of religious -duties, they soon became more tranquil, and could feel the truth of the -words, “Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace whose mind is stayed on thee, -because he trusted in thee.” - -Medical assistance had been obtained. I was obliged to leave them for a -time to attend the funeral of Wm. Williams. - -_August_ 6. Called between five and six in the morning, to go to Hurl’s, -at Underwood. The man and his wife were in great distress; their eldest -child, a fine boy, six years of age, being in a decided state of -collapse. Before Mr. L.’s arrival, every thing requisite for such a case -of emergency was prepared; but the sickness, &c., was so incessant, and -the prostration of strength increased so rapidly, little hope could be -entertained of his recovery. I endeavoured, as far as I could, to -comfort the afflicted parents. - -At ten o’clock, went to John Andrews’s to see his daughter, whose -symptoms could not be mistaken. As she had medical aid, I returned to -Hurl’s. Mr. L. was there, and we both went to see West, who had been -unwell a few hours, but was becoming seriously ill. Mr. L. took a very -small quantity of blood from him. West then expressed a desire to avail -himself of the present opportunity to offer up a prayer to God. - -We returned to Hurl’s. The little boy was much worse; but quite -sensible, and very patient, though suffering much from cramp. At twelve -o’clock, I went again to Andrews’s. The little girl relieved as to -sickness, and other symptoms much mitigated. Went home for medicines, -and was afterwards occupied at the houses of Hurl, Andrews, and West, all -near neighbours, until late in the afternoon. At five o’clock, Hurl’s -child died. - -A messenger came in haste, begging me instantly to go to the western end -of the village to see William Parsons, as he was in a fearful state of -suffering, and no one could be induced to go near the house to help the -family. On entering this cottage, the scene was truly appalling. The -room inhabited by the family, consisting of the man, his wife, and five -children, is sixteen feet by fourteen—two beds in it, and on the ground -floor—every thing indicating poverty and confusion. The man, aged -thirty-nine, lay on his bed, an object horrifying to the -beholder,—writhing in torture from the cramp, and groaning dreadfully—his -countenance much distorted—his flesh ashy blue—his fingers puckered and -twisted, and his nails purple—his knees drawn up to his chin! - -Medicine had been left, with directions, by Mr. L., who had been called -away to other patients. Only one nurse could be found. A child, three -years old, in a cradle in a corner of the room, discoloured and cold, put -aside, by the mother and nurse as in a hopeless state, as “just dead.” I -applied a mustard poultice to the pit of the stomach of the poor man, who -was shrieking in agony; but he would not permit it to remain on five -minutes. We rubbed his arms with a stimulating liniment. I gave him the -medicine which was ordered. This frightful scene before me, and the -offensive effluvia in this wretched place, overcame me. I thought I must -have retreated from it; but if I had done so, the whole family must have -perished, the case having been reported so malignant, that no one, -excepting the two medical attendants, together with Susan Taylor, and one -neighbour, who called occasionally, would venture near them. - -An effort was made to revive the child, as by holding a piece of a broken -looking glass to its mouth, it appeared that she still breathed. - -A faggot having been obtained from a neighbour, a large fire was made up. -The child was put between hot blankets, and brought near to the fire, and -well rubbed. After a short time, some saline mixture trickled down her -throat. In the course of three hours, she turned in her cradle, and the -discoloured appearance of her body began to wear away. At intervals I -attended to the father, and whenever he became tranquil, we had resource -to prayer. He gave himself up; and it was extremely difficult to -persuade him to take any medicine. - -I went away to see the Hurrells,—both better,—then returned to Parsons. -Susan Taylor remained, by my request, to assist as a nurse. The house -was in a state of utter destitution. Not a morsel of food,—no fire, -before the faggot was procured. Those necessaries which were immediately -required, were provided from a neighbouring shop. The poor man was -evidently sinking, and his end fast approaching; but his sufferings had -been considerably diminished during the last three or four hours. The -child was better. Upon observing a sudden change for the worse in her -husband, his wife fainted; and the scene altogether of distress and -terror was appalling. After awhile, the poor woman revived. - -At twelve o’clock, I went to a neighbouring cottage, wrote a letter to -the overseers, and sent it off. I entreated them to do something to save -the lives of others, by adopting requisite measures for the speedy -removal of the dead, as well as of every other cause which might increase -the violence of the disease. I stated the circumstances at Parsons’s -house, and that the man would most probably be a corpse before my letter -was concluded. I returned home at one, a.m., very unwell, and so -fatigued and excited, I could not sleep. - -_August_ 7. At six o’clock in the morning a messenger requested me to go -to Underwood, several new cases having occurred. I was informed, that as -soon as I left Parsons’s, the two Messrs. Langworthy arrived, and that -the poor man lived about half-an-hour afterwards. Mary Pepperall (the -daughter of M. Thorn, deceased) sent for me; she was in a state of -extreme agitation, and was labouring under severe symptoms of cholera. -She had taken calomel and ginger, in small doses. In accordance with the -suggestions of Mr. L., I gave her powdered rhubarb and ginger, and at -intervals, to allay sickness, carbonate of soda, salvolatile, &c. She -appeared to be much relieved from pain, and expressed herself grateful in -the highest degree. - -Saw Richard Gullett, aged seventy-two. This was an aggravated case: he -was much distressed with cramp, and had no interval of rest. I merely -assisted the medical attendant, Mr. Osmond, in administering such things -as he ordered. From thence I went to Hurrell’s: his wife was worse, -suffering much from continual sickness and the cramp, and in a profuse -perspiration, approaching to the cold damp of the second stage of -cholera,—the husband, also, harassed by sickness, &c. complained of -violent pain at the pit of the stomach, and was becoming very restless. - -When I contemplated this couple,—both ill in bed, and, in the prime of -life, dreading a rapid dissolution, afflicted with the agonizing thought -that no friend dared to approach their dwelling to afford them -consolation, and appalled at the hasty manner in which the poor victims -of the disease are necessarily consigned to the grave,—a feeling of the -deepest commiseration for the wretched sufferers weighed heavily on my -spirits. And when I observed the wistful glance directed towards me, as -if my countenance could be the index of their fate, the responsibility of -my situation pressed with redoubled force upon my mind; and though “in -the midst of life I was in death,” having cast myself upon the mercy of -God for “help in the time of need,” I became strengthened in my -resolution, that, in dependence upon Divine aid, I would devote myself, -to the utmost of my power, to the service of my poor dying parishioners. - -I remained at Hurrell’s, as they required constant attendance, and they -had no nurse at that time. Towards the evening, both were better. They -had applied for medical advice in the earliest period of their attack. -In their habits they are remarkably cleanly. Besides this, the -satisfactory state of their minds upon religious subjects dispelled much -of their alarm, particularly after they had received the Holy Communion. - -Andrews’s little girl, much better. Richard Gullett, in a dying state. - -_August_ 8. Hurrell and his wife both convalescent, though slightly -salivated. Six new cases, with alarming symptoms. Many people applied -for “something to stop the sickness,” &c. The disease appeared to have -spread all over the village. - -Richard Gullett, buried. I visited Peggy Andrews’s daughter, and several -cholera patients, all anxious for spiritual as well as medical -assistance. Ann Parsons and her child very ill. Mary Pepperall, much -better. Jane Hurrell, convalescent. - -Here, it may not be out of place to mention, that, during the last month, -I had been preparing candidates for confirmation. - -_August_ 9. The Bishop arrived, at the time appointed, for that purpose. -Eight hundred young persons entered into that sacred rite,—a ceremony -which, in too many instances, is lamentably abused, notwithstanding all -the precautions of the most vigilant ministerial care. Upon the present -occasion, a subdued tone in their deportment was manifest throughout the -congregation. I was relieved from great anxiety when all was finished. -Men were stationed at each approach to Underwood and Colebrook, to -prevent the young people from going to the villages and loitering there; -to avoid the possibility of any risk of spreading the prevalent disease. -When all had left for their homes, I went to Parsons’s, where I had been -summoned in haste, as there were three fresh cases of cholera. - -On entering this ill-fated cottage, the scene was quite sickening. On -the same bed where the husband had died, I now beheld his widow and her -mother (Mary Pote, aged 77) in a state of collapse, and two children in -cradles, apparently dying! No medical aid was then at hand, though Mr. -L. had been there, and left directions to guide my proceedings until he -could return. The widow at first resisted taking any medicine. After -some persuasion, however, she consented, if I would give it to her; but -she positively refused to take it from any one else. The old woman, poor -creature! was in agony from cramp; and her appearance was quite -appalling. A more striking picture of despair than that which was -depicted in her discoloured, shrivelled, and distorted features, cannot -be imagined. Recourse was immediately had to friction, with stimulating -liniments; mustard and vinegar poultices, &c. were applied, which in some -measure alleviated her sufferings; but after two hours’ incessant but -ineffectual hard work by two nurses to restore warmth in the system, she -rapidly sunk, and expired. The bedding was changed, and the daughter -Jane, aged ten, who had suddenly become collapsed, occupied the vacant -place beside her mother, who was still labouring under the disease. This -poor girl clenched her teeth, and resolutely refused any medicine. I -left this fearful scene for half-an-hour, to visit E. Honey and her -child. The woman was better; but the child, aged nine, was dying. -Through ignorance of the danger of neglect, the parents had allowed the -child to fall into the second stage, without having previously applied -for medical assistance. The poor little creature was lying quite cold, -in its scanty night-dress, _on_ the bed, _uncovered_. The woman herself -was salivated. The room was in such a filthy state it could scarcely be -tolerated. - -On returning to Parsons’s, Ann Parsons had suddenly become much -worse—cold—quite collapsed. Her daughter Jane, aged ten, in the same -bed, sinking rapidly, the other two children, very bad, requiring -constant attention,—all complaining of insatiable thirst. The room -shockingly offensive. Chloride of lime—burnt vinegar—burnt tar were -used. This scene lasted till eleven at night,—then Mr. Langworthy came. - -_The effluvia in this room was so especially offensive_, _that we thought -there must be some particular cause for it_. _In the centre of the -floor_, _which is paved with slate_, _I perceived an opening between the -slates_, _and upon asking the reason of the chasm_, _being apparently -deep_, _the mystery was solved_. _A drain_, _which was choked with every -description of filth_, _passed across the room_, _under the floor_! -_Here was a reply to the wonder_, _why the disease was of a species so -much more aggravated_, _and attended with circumstances so much more -awfully terrific in this house than in others_. _It is only wonderful -how any family could have taken their meals_, _and slept in such a -vitiated atmosphere_, _without having been swept off before by some -malignant disease_. - -_August_ 10. Scarcely slept during the night. Sent a mason early to -take up the slates at Parsons’s house, to clean the gutter, and fill it -with quick-lime. Gave orders to masons for cleansing and whitewashing -other rooms where it was required. Some nuisances were removed at -Colebrook. - -Parsons’s daughter had died in the night. Her mother not worse;—so much -remaining strength, we hoped she might weather the disease. This would -be almost miraculous, as three individuals had already died in the same -bed, where she herself lay in a state of collapse! - -Another case of cholera in the room! Old Mary Parsons, suddenly seized -with violent internal pain. She came, in health, from the town of -Plympton, to assist her dying relations. In a very short time, her -sufferings were excessive, the cramp was indomitable. Some cases -appeared to be of a much more aggravated character than others; and the -reason why it has been particularly so at this devoted cottage was -solved, at least to us, last night. The change of colour, in these cases -was appalling. - -Jane Paddon, aged seventy-five, a near neighbour, had been seized with -the fearful malady about two hours—quite sensible—far advanced in -confirmed cholera—gave herself up, and at her particular desire partook -of the Holy Communion. - -Richard Woods very ill, much excited and alarmed—his mother and wife in a -state of extreme agitation—Mr. Langworthy present—we all knelt around the -bed—a solemn scene it was; but it brought consolation with it—the poor -afflicted family became more tranquil. The symptoms were serious, and -recourse was had to medicine as soon as possible. - -As we were quitting this house, a messenger came, in great haste, for -advice as to what should be done, in a case which had occurred at -Ridgeway. A poor woman had been taken suddenly ill in a waggon, which -was at the George Inn, and she was in the cold stage of the cholera. Mr. -Langworthy could not at that moment quit a patient who was in a truly -distressing state. - -I hastened immediately to the George Inn, and found the report to be too -true. The poor creature was lifted out of the waggon by the ostler, -William Webb, and carried to a building which had been fitted up as a -Hospital, near the Inn. - -This forlorn and pitiable object was the widow of a sergeant in the 22nd -regiment, who had died of cholera a few days before in the citadel at -Plymouth. Her name was Ellen Higgins, {42} thirty-five years of age. -She had a pass for herself and four children; and they were on their way -to Cork. Soon after leaving Plymouth, she was seized with pain in the -bowels and sickness. One of her fellow-travellers gave her some brandy, -which was repeated on arriving at Ridgeway. - -Mr. L. soon arrived, and every possible attention was paid to her. Owing -to continued cramp, it was difficult to obtain from her any satisfactory -information as to her wishes. The fatal symptoms rapidly increased, and -her darkened features became wild; her eyes stared with an expression of -frenzy; her pulse had ceased to beat; and her flesh had assumed that -peculiar livid hue, so characteristic of the disease. As calmness, -attended by a perfect clearness of intellect, often preceded the last -moments in these afflicting cases, I felt it to be my duty to remain with -this suffering and friendless stranger, as there might be a chance of -affording her spiritual assistance. That moment did arrive, and she -faintly expressed her desire to offer up a prayer to God. She cared -about nothing, during that short interval, but the salvation of her soul. -And to her Great Redeemer she appealed in accents so tremulous, so -pitiously imploring for mercy, and yet so full of a blessed assurance of -His willingness to save a repentant sinner, that I firmly believe “His -atoning blood has cleansed her from all sin;” and that her soul now rests -in peace! Her children came into the room, but she heeded them not—her -care about every thing earthly had passed away—the poor little orphans -were removed, to be taken care of—Ellen Higgins was no more! - -On quitting the Hospital, and this heartrending scene, a note was -delivered to me from a medical gentleman, stating he had “just been at -Parsons’s house, at Underwood, to see more particularly old Mary Parsons. -What a melancholy scene to witness! A place more likely to propagate the -disease will scarcely be found, and on the ground floor too! The sight -quite sickened me. Charles Taylor, brought home at two o’clock, is -already in a state of collapse. I have sent to Mr. Langworthy to inform -him of this, as I think he ought to be very actively treated.” - -I was requested to lose no time in going to Charles Taylor, {45} as “he -was dying,” and the case was represented as being most urgent. The -sultry heat of the weather increased the great exhaustion and fatigue by -which I was almost overpowered; and I despaired of being able to get to -Underwood in time. A gig happened, at that moment, to be standing at the -George Inn. To the owner, I was a stranger; but I briefly told him the -sad tale, and he unhesitatingly lent it to me. In a few minutes I was at -the cottage. Mr. Langworthy arrived at the same time. What were our -feelings upon entering the room! At that instant the poor sufferer -breathed his last! Such a combination of fearful calamity was quite -overwhelming! Poor Susan Taylor, now a widow, fell down on the window -seat, in a paroxysm of grief. At such a moment, talking to her would -have been in vain. Sarah Taylor, her husband’s sister, was there as an -assistant. We sat some little time without uttering a word. The solemn -silence was interrupted only by the sobs of her who had just been bereft -of the object upon whom she depended for comfort and support, or by a -sigh from those around. - -May the lessons which must have reached the heart at such a time, never -be erased. The uncertainty of life—the necessity of watchfulness—the -duty of Christian sympathy,—our own utter helplessness, when it is the -will of God to afflict us—our sole dependence upon His Almighty aid;—all -these, and many more such reflections, pressed upon the mind; and well -will it be for those who receive them into their hearts, as seed sown by -the Holy Spirit, to bring forth fruit unto righteousness. The poor widow -endeavoured to rush to the bed where her husband lay; and would have -thrown herself upon his cold and discoloured corpse. She said she valued -not her life. We talked to her—we endeavoured to reason with her. She -was absorbed in grief; and, in the bitterness of bereavement, said she -had no friend—no earthly friend—no where to lay her head—no one would -take her into their house. She again made an effort to throw herself -upon the bed. This could not be permitted. Every argument was used to -direct her thoughts to a merciful God, who “will not suffer us to be -tried above that we are able to bear,” and who “tempers the wind to the -shorn lamb.” She was directed where to go, and where she might remain, -at least for a time, until her relations could arrange some plan for her -to earn a livelihood. We were next called to the miserable apartment -below, where Mary Parsons, aged sixty-nine, had just died. We remained -some time with that family; the other patients exhibiting no indication -of improvement. - -Called to visit Jane Paddon, suddenly worse—her end fast -approaching—quite sensible—refused to take any medicine, and gave herself -up. She was quite happy in her mind, and lifted up her heart with the -greatest earnestness in prayer to God, not to prolong her life, but to -take her to himself. After visiting Woods and other patients, Mr. -Langworthy went home with me at eleven at night. - -Susan Taylor had been to the adjoining town of Plympton, {48} to her -sister, Mary Taylor, where she was persuaded by her friends to remain the -night. Mr. L. left me at twelve. Both of us unwell. My own -indisposition, during the day, I had attributed to the effect of fatigue; -but sickness, cramp, &c. ensued so violently, that, at one in the -morning, I was obliged to send for him to return. He was astonished at -the serious character of the attack and the progress it had made. The -usual remedies were at hand. He immediately gave me twenty grains of -calomel; and, in an hour afterwards, an ounce of castor oil, with two -drachms of tincture of rhubarb. - -_August_ 11. {50} By the mercy of God and the timely recourse to -medicine, the disease was repelled. At noon I attended the funeral of -Ellen Higgins. It was a sickening office. Owing to the heat of the -weather, the lid of the coffin had started. Went to the poor afflicted -people at Underwood. Parsons’s boy, aged eight, who had held Mr. Richard -Langworthy’s horse at six a.m., was dying, at noon! Visited the -hospital, and returned home through Underwood. Charles Taylor and Mary -Parsons, buried. After a few hours’ rest, at half-past eight in the -evening, I was summoned in haste to visit William Gully—much worse than -yesterday—great consternation among the inmates of the house. - -So great had been the mortality, in defiance of the treatment which he -had hitherto pursued, that Mr. Langworthy at length determined in this -case to try a remedy which had been adopted by many eminent -practitioners; viz.,—the injecting some principal vein with saline fluid. -He accordingly arranged his instruments on a little table near the -window. The poor wife was crying near the fire-place. The occupation -assigned to me, of preparing hot water, adjusting pans, basins, &c. to be -in readiness for injecting the vein, was immediately commenced. Susan -Gully, the patient’s sister, and his wife’s two sisters were standing by, -watching Mr. L.’s proceedings with peculiar interest, but they preserved -a strict silence. A low and lengthened moan arrested our attention; and -then a frightfully convulsive shriek issued from above. I had nearly -prepared the saline fluid {52} for injection; and was requested to be -ready as quickly as possible. Mr. L. was afraid to trust any one else, -lest a mistake should occur. - -Hurried footsteps were now heard on the winding stairs, which were -between the fire-place and the window. “He’s gone! sir,—he’s gone!” was -exclaimed, with a trembling, hysterical voice. Both the Messrs. -Langworthy and myself were obliged to summon all our resolution. The -wife and children around us,—one ill in its weeping mother’s arms, -frightened, not knowing why—the others staring at us, aware that -something was being done which appeared to them to be fearful. The -sister, the friend—all with their eyes intently rivetted upon us, as if -life and death depended upon our exertions! This was natural. How many -have watched the countenance of the physician when a much-loved life was -pending! A piece of bread was given to one of the children, to pacify -it,—a part, perhaps, of the last loaf earned by its poor father’s labour! -Rapidly as some such thoughts rushed upon the mind, we did not remit our -work, and every thing was ready. We were quickly by the side of the -sufferer. From all appearances, the accounts were too well founded. No -pulse,—Is he quite gone? The eye moved,—he tried to raise himself—looked -at us—and, recognizing me, gave me his hand, but could not speak. He -knew what was said, and held out his arm. The vein was opened—no blood -flowed—it was empty. He uttered a low moan, looked at his arm, and shook -his head. His wife, with breathless anxiety, appeared at the door: we -persuaded her to retire. The warm fluid was placed on the window-seat -near the bed. It was again tried by the thermometer. Eight quarts were -ready, and the process of injecting the vein was commenced. The greater -portion entered. The breathing of the patient became laborious, and the -pulse returned. Violent sickness ensued. Some weak gruel, with a -teaspoonful of brandy mixed in it, quieted the sickness. The poor man -began to speak. In a low whisper, thanked God—thanked us—and said he -felt as if he should recover. At eleven o’clock, Mr. Langworthy returned -home with me, as both of us required rest. - -_August_ 12. {54} Gully relapsed, and was as nearly in a dying state as -before. Saline fluid was again resorted to. I prepared above a gallon; -but, upon this occasion, about three quarts only were injected. Mr. -Langworthy having expressed a wish that he could obtain a pint of blood -for the purpose of injecting it, Sarah Gully, the sister, offered to be -blooded; but Mr. L. did not consider her sufficiently healthy. Elizabeth -Veale, a sister of Gully’s wife, then came forward, and, having made a -similar offer, some of her blood (about half-a-pint) was transferred into -the patient’s vein, by a well-executed process, conducted by both the -Messrs. Langworthy. The patient recovered his recollection. Sickness -did not come on as it had done after saline fluid only was injected. A -short interval elapsed, during which he appeared to labour considerably -under the action of recovering his breath. He then spoke; and, in the -course of a short time, took gruel. Weak wine and water, warm jelly, &c. -were also given to him in very small quantities. His appearance bore a -more favourable aspect; though his weakness was excessive. Gradually, he -regained a little strength towards the evening. - -Jane Paddon and Edward Parsons were buried. - -My friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, who was on a visit to his brother at -Beechwood, kindly preached for me in the morning and afternoon; and the -Rev. E. B. St. John read the prayers. This friendly assistance enabled -me to visit the sick during the greater part of the day. The -congregations were very small; owing to the absence of some of the -principal families, the sickness of many, or the fear of assembling which -prevailed among others. - -_August_ 13. {56} Visited Mrs. Toope, at Underwood, and her son Stephen, -both very weak. Mary Brown, aged fifty-six, an assistant at the -Hospital, died. Jane Moon, of Colebrook, aged twenty-eight, recovered. -She was taken ill on the 8th. William Gully, better. - -_August_ 14. Several people applied for medicines. After they had been -attended to, I rode to the villages at the eastern end of the parish. -Some poor people, who were invalids, particularly requested to see me. -They were fearful that their sickness was a prelude to the cholera; but -they had no symptoms of that disease. Debility was the chief subject of -their complaint. Where this was the case, strengthening things were -supplied to the poor, out of the subscription fund. - -Susan Taylor’s little girl, aged one year, died of cholera. She was -taken ill on the 11th. Her mother, also, very unwell, with symptoms of -the same disease. Richard Parsons, aged one year and a half, died at the -Hospital. Mary Brown, buried. - -_August_ 15. Richard Parsons, buried. Elizabeth Hill, aged ten, died at -Underwood. Mr. H. attended her in the morning as soon as he was sent -for. The progress of this case was fearfully rapid. The poor child did -not suffer much from pain; she appeared to sink entirely from exhaustion. -No remedy for restoring warmth and circulation had the least effect. - -After visiting sick people at Underwood and at the Hospital, I went in -the evening to see Susan Taylor. She was in the collapsed stage of -cholera. The Messrs. Langworthy were present. It was proposed that the -saline injection should be resorted to, as her pulse had ceased to beat, -and she appeared to be rapidly sinking. I assisted in preparing the warm -fluid. Eight quarts were ready, and seven were injected into the vein. -She revived—the pulse returned—and she seemed to be relieved. We were -occupied a great part of the night with this case. - -_August_ 16. Between nine and ten, a.m., more poor people than usual -applied for medicines, and strengthening things; such as arrow-root, -tapioca, carageen moss, &c. - -The Board of Health met at my house. One principal object of the meeting -was to consider the state of the poor as to diet, both of those who were -slightly indisposed, as well as of those recovering from cholera. It was -resolved to call the especial attention of the parish officers to this -important subject, and to remind them of the fact, that, from the -commencement of the disease in the parish to the present time, all extra -expenses caused by its ravages had been met by the subscription fund, -which was now nearly exhausted. The necessity of increasing the relief -of the poor, especially by some allowance for extra diet under the -present distressing emergency, was strongly urged upon them, in a written -address; under the conviction that, even where the disease did not exist, -an addition to their ordinary support was highly essential. - -As soon as the Board of Health adjourned, I set off for the Hospital, and -on my way there I called to enquire for Susan Taylor. Just as I arrived, -Mary Taylor, the sister, met me at the door, and was sobbing so bitterly, -she could scarcely tell me the cause of her distress. At last she said, -Susan was worse than ever—she could not live ten minutes. Oh! sir, where -is Mr. Langworthy? Well knowing that it was a case in which every moment -was of the utmost importance, I hastened to the Hospital, where we had -appointed to meet. He had not arrived. Having heard that he was at -Underwood, I rode there; and, fortunately, I came up to him as he was in -the act of mounting his horse at Gully’s cottage. In as few words as -possible, I told him my errand. Poor Susan’s life was an object of -peculiar anxiety to us. She had lost her husband and her only child -within a few days; and she had been particularly active and serviceable -as a nurse, in some of the most appalling cases. A very few minutes -elapsed before we were at the house at Plympton. Our horses were sent to -Mr. L.’s, as we knew that, if the patient did not die, we might be -detained some time. Mary Taylor was so unwell, with strong symptoms of -the same disease, Mr. L. gave her medicine, and advised her to remain -below. We ascended the stairs, and at the first moment of entering the -room, we thought it was all over. We found Susan quite cold—as cold as -death—insensible—discoloured,—having no indication of pulse. We had no -person to help us—we had no time to procure assistance. I knew my office -in preparing for a repetition of the expedient of injection. This Mr. L. -at once decided to be the only chance. Whilst he adjusted his -instruments, the syringe, &c., I went below to prepare the fluid. I had -about six quarts ready, and rejoined Mr. L. He was sitting on the bed, -and prepared to open the vein of the patient’s right arm. I held the -wrist, to keep it steady; and having endeavoured to ascertain whether -there was any pulse, the cold blue hand dropped when I let it go. Mr. L. -shook his head, and thought any attempt to restore animation would be -useless. Notwithstanding this, as we could not tell what might be the -effect under the hand of God, even in this most desperate case, I was -ready with the warm mixture. The syringe was applied to the flaccid -vein, which resembled a slight sinew. No blood flowed. To all -appearance it contained nothing but a dark, glutinous, substance, about -the colour and consistency of treacle; not more than a drop of which -could be extracted, after pressing the vein in the usual manner to -produce a flow of blood. Every heave of her labouring chest, seemed to -be the last—weaker—weaker—at less frequent intervals. Never surely was -life nearer extinct. The eyes were set upwards with a fixed and -inanimate expression. We were now ready. I had a thermometer in the -basin, and two jugs, one with the fluid hot, and the other cooler, so as -to keep up the temperature as exactly as possible 110 degrees. The -greatest nicety is also indispensible in using the syringe, which should -be an instrument of the best make, lest a single globule of air should be -injected with the fluid. I have been informed that, if, owing to -unforeseen circumstances this occurs, the consequences would be instantly -fatal. Mr. L. commenced the operation, and the fluid did not return, but -went upward through the vein. Mr. L. whispered, “that is well.” A -breathless silence ensued—one quart was injected—a slight indication of -movement followed;—another quart—and another—a trembling movement of the -eyelid was visible—gradually the ashy hue of death began to recede from -the forehead—then from the cheek—the dawn of returning life appeared; -soon afterwards, the eye changed from its fixed character of -unconsciousness to that of recognition. I ventured to ask, whether, if -blood could be procured, there might not be a better chance of saving the -patient’s life. Mr. L. replied that no one could be found who would -enter the room, much more to spare a pint of blood. Without further loss -of time, I went to a neighbour next door, who had been very attentive to -Susan, and who did not shew indications of fear. She was in the prime of -life, in strong health, and had no family. I told her in as few words as -possible the precarious state of Susan, and that the only apparent chance -of saving her life, was to obtain a pint of blood, to be transferred into -her vein. “Will you consent to spare that quantity? If you have the -least fear about it, do not hesitate to say so.” She instantly replied, -“You may take a quart if it is required.” She went with me into Susan’s -room. Two basins were instantly in readiness, one floating in the other, -in hot water, to prevent the blood from congealing. Mary Chapman’s vein -was opened. The purple stream gushed, and well performed its benevolent -design. This had scarcely been transfused to the amount of half-a-pint, -when the throbbing index of life returned; and what a thrill did it give -us when I was able to pronounce that “the pulse beats distinctly.” But, -at this instant, it was evident by the appearance of the eye, that the -utmost caution was necessary,—to avoid another extreme—apoplexy—to watch -the eye as well as the pulse,—scarcely a pint could be borne—the process -was instantly stayed—and the noble spirited woman was advised to return -as quickly as possible to her own apartment. Her conduct throughout was -heroic and cool to admiration. {65} Now on each side of the bed, Mr. L. -and I took our station. The poor sufferer seemed as one awaking from a -deep sleep. She knew us both, and spoke. - -Mary Taylor, in the room below, very sick and faint, and with other -symptoms of incipient cholera, which appeared to be increased by her fear -about her sister. Every thing was said and done which could be thought -of, to calm her spirits, and to dispel the peculiarly restless anxiety -under which she had laboured some hours. She said she knew she should -have the disease, and it would be the death of her. - -Susan had become very drowsy. Soon afterwards, a violent trembling came -on, this was followed by a profuse perspiration. In about an hour, she -became more tranquil; still requiring the greatest attention—life hanging -by a mere thread. This lasted three hours. Mr. L. then considered it -safe, at her request, to allow her to sleep. Her sleep was as tranquil -as that of an infant, with the exception of a start at intervals. A -nurse having been obtained, she was left under her care, with strict -orders from Mr. L. how to proceed. - -We went to the Hospital, and found the poor people much the same as -yesterday, excepting Sarah Parsons, aged three years, whose case was -hopeless. At seven, p.m., Elizabeth Hill and James Parsons were buried. -Sarah Parsons died during my absence. This was the child already -referred to, as having been “put aside” for dead; but after active -treatment, she had revived, and appeared to be progressing towards -perfect recovery. At the end of a fortnight, a fever attacked her, which -harassed her to such a degree, that she required the constant attendance -of one person. Her mother, slowly mending, exhibited a state of apathy, -almost amounting to stupor, and no wonder; in addition to the effects of -her own severe attack, her mind had received a paralyzing shock, from the -death of her husband and, now, four children! - -After prayers in the sick-ward, I again visited Susan Taylor. She was -going on favourably, but too weak to bear any thing to be said to her. - -_August_ 17. A young person at Merafield, one mile from Underwood, -labouring under a rather severe attack of cholera, somewhat better than -yesterday. She spoke of her illness with great calmness; and the blessed -effects of full trust in God’s mercy, through the merits and intercession -of the Saviour, were beautifully displayed in her whole deportment. Into -the hands of God she implicitly and prayerfully cast herself. She -appears so free from that restless anxiety which frequently attends cases -that prove fatal, great hopes are entertained of her recovery. - -_August_ 18. Mrs. Jenny Cocker, of Underwood, was seized this morning, -at five o’clock. Dr. Cookworthy, of Plymouth, and Mr. Hook, the family -surgeon, were present. The former had been sent for after the most -alarming symptoms had come on; and when he arrived, she was cold, -discoloured, and sinking under extreme prostration of strength. Her -husband was absent, upon the farm, during the early part of the day, and -was struck with horror and alarm when, on his return, he found her in -such a state of danger. She was quite sensible, and prayed continually -that she might be supported “in that hour when flesh and heart faileth.” -Whilst the medical gentlemen were consulting together in the adjoining -room, we all addressed ourselves to the Throne of Grace; and most -devoutly and heartily did the poor sufferer bear her part in that solemn -duty, as well as her relations who were assembled in the room. Fear and -dismay were strongly depicted upon their countenances. Mrs. Cocker, sen. -was in a state of extreme agitation, shewed symptoms of being ill, and -fainted. After the medical gentlemen returned into the room, active -stimulants and friction were resorted to, with the hope of restoring -warmth in their patient. She became weaker, the pulse had ceased, and so -had her power of speaking; and at two, p.m., her mortal career was -closed. During the last three or four hours, she indicated no appearance -of suffering; and perfect consciousness was maintained to the last. -After this scene of affliction, I remained with the family some time, all -of us having retired to an adjoining room. The relations gradually -became more tranquil, and when we separated, one sorrowing individual, -raising her eyes to heaven, though streaming with tears, exclaimed, “It -is the Lord, let him do what seemeth him good.” - -Attended the funeral of Mr. Josias Cork, and went to the Hospital. -Blake’s child, aged one year, died there to-day. - -_August_ 19. {70a} My kind friend, the Rev. Joseph Rosdew, preached for -me twice, as I was too unwell to undertake two full services. In the -evening, Mrs. Jenny Cocker and Elizabeth Blake were buried. Several -fresh cases of cholera reported. Received a letter from the secretary of -the Central Board. The Plympton St. Mary Board of Health regularly -appointed. {70b} - -_August_ 20. Amongst others, I visited Betty Heard, at Underwood, a poor -industrious woman, aged seventy-two. She was quite alone—no one had been -near her—creeping about the cottage in great pain: she could hardly -stand, but refused to go to bed. She had taken some precautions to check -the premonitory attack. She stood near her spinning-wheel, and when she -perceived I was looking at it, she shook her head, and said, “Ah! sir, -that is of no use to me now. When I can use it, I get but a very small -matter to live upon! and now”—She could not finish the sentence; but sat -down and cried like a child. How gladly did I avail myself of the -subscription fund to relieve this helpless creature. In a short time, a -proper nurse was with her. Page’s children better; the cramp had -subsided. - -A messenger came to me, requesting my immediate attendance at old Mrs. -Cocker’s. She was in a room below, harassed with incessant sickness, -&c., and in great pain. Her agitation of mind at the time of her -daughter’s death on Saturday, caused a shock from which she had by no -means recovered. Mr. Richard Langworthy {72} had seen her, and -administered a dose of calomel; but the progress of the disorder was -astonishingly rapid. She fainted: her son Elias was with her, and we -supported her as well as we could. When she revived, her countenance -assumed the common character of the collapsed stage of the disease. With -much difficulty, we carried the poor sufferer up stairs; two women were -sent for, and they assisted in putting her in bed. Having become a -little easier, she requested me to pray with her. From that moment, when -not in extreme pain, she was incessantly occupied in that sacred duty. -On the first indication of sickness, she said she had the cholera, and -she knew “she should not get over it.” - -Being confident that this was a desperate case, from its exhibiting those -fatal symptoms which often terminate in death within twelve hours, I went -for Mr. L., who had, unfortunately, been detained at Shaugh, five miles -off, and did not return for two hours. On his arrival, he said he quite -approved of all the measures which had been adopted; and he considered it -an extreme case. The rooms were fumigated, and chloride of lime was -sprinkled all about the house. The poor creature suffered much from -cramp and spasms. It was, indeed, distressing to see her. Every limb -seemed to be contracted—her teeth grinding, and her blue shrivelled -fingers clenched so tight, it was very difficult to open her hand; and -her long grey locks, matted with perspiration, adhered to her cold damp -cheek. Mr. L. proposed, as a last resource to allay such misery, that a -vein should be injected. I prepared about six quarts of the fluid. The -vein was opened, one or two dark drops trickled out, like treacle; after -this, the vein appeared to be empty. The process of injection was -immediately commenced, and the suffering almost instantly subsided. We -knew her age was against her; but feeling that though life might not be -saved by it, yet that this experiment would be valuable, inasmuch as we -had remarked that all suffering from cramp ceased when recourse was had -to it; it was, therefore, adopted. The pulse returned; but it fluttered -and intermitted. She said she knew her time was very short. Her younger -son was hanging over her, the tears flowing down his cheeks. Throughout -this sad scene, his anxious and tender care for a dying mother was -incessant. She said, “Let us pray—it is my only comfort.” We all knelt -round the bed. Clasping her hands, she prayed aloud. Nothing could be -more devout; and there was something so indescribably affecting in the -plaintive tone of her voice and the aspirations she uttered at intervals, -that a common feeling of sympathy vibrated through the hearts of those -who witnessed the touching scene. She expressed herself cheered and -refreshed by such an employment; then with her cold hand she grasped -mine, and begged me not to leave her. She became rapidly weaker, the -pulse again intermitted and sunk, sickness returned, but not the cramp. -Although she had for a long time refused to take any nourishment, in -twenty minutes after the injection of the fluid, she vomited a great -quantity of what appeared to be water, with a dark sediment, like -decomposed blood, which sunk immediately. From this time, nothing would -stop the incessant sickness. Every animal function seemed to be -exhausted; yet her senses were perfectly unimpaired to the last. I did -not quit her—it was her dying request. “Thank you—thank you for -remaining,” she, faltering, said to me. I observed to her that although -_we_ must part, there was one above, who has promised to his faithful -disciples, “I will never leave thee nor forsake thee.” “Oh! yes—yes,” -she said, in a low whisper,—“it is true: I feel the comfort of it. -‘Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, for mine eyes have -seen thy salvation.’ I am so—so weary,—when will this be over.” She -then sunk into silence: for some time it was difficult to say whether -life was extinct or not; at last she sighed, and her spirit departed in -peace. - -This affecting scene lasted six hours after the violent symptoms of the -disease commenced. Returned home and endeavoured to answer some kind -notes from enquiring friends. I could not write, owing to the excited -state of my feelings; but, thankful to a merciful Providence for -preservation, I retired early, hoping to be refreshed by rest. - -I was awakened from a sound sleep by a loud knocking at my door. It was -half past twelve at night, when my servant informed me that a person had -arrived from Plympton, entreating me to go instantly to Mary Taylor, a -parishioner of Plympton St. Mary, who was in the last stage of cholera, -and was particularly anxious to see me before she died. I was a little -refreshed by sleep; but still so unwell, my servant intimated that it -might be in time, if I went in the morning. The morning might be too -late! The idea of her having expressed an earnest desire to see me—in -her dying moments too—something, perhaps, required or to communicate, -which might tend to relieve her mind, and soothe the pillow of death. I -could not have rested, if I had delayed to go. Before one o’clock, I was -at the house. Mary Taylor had given up her own comfortable room to -Susan, from the kindest and most considerate feeling; and, that she might -be kept as quiet as possible, had removed to the dwelling of her parents, -which was, indeed, a miserable place for a sick person. Below sat her -father, by a small remnant of a fire, his face between his hands, his -elbows resting on his knees, not caring to speak. He told me Elizabeth -Job was with Mary, and that Mr. L. had been there in the evening, but not -since—that he was very unwell when he went away. I heard the poor -creature moaning—went up to her. The chamber where she lay was on the -landing-place, without a door or partition—no ceiling—open to the roof. -A common bedstead, without hangings or curtains, an old-fashioned oak -chest, and a broken chair, composed the whole of the furniture. In a -corner of the same room, covered with various old clothes, lay her -husband, who was also ill. A rushlight, flickering in a current of air -from the roof, only added to the wretchedness of the scene. The moment I -approached the bedside, poor Mary held out her hand to me, and burst into -an agony of tears. “I am going, sir,—I know I shall die. I wished so -much to see you once more. I feared it would be too much for you to -come; but I do not expect to see the morning. I do not wish to live; but -my poor dear little helpless infant—what will become of her when she has -lost her mother!” After some conversation, she became more tranquil, and -appeared greatly comforted by the presence of a Christian minister. -Spoke much of the awfulness of being on the brink of eternity—prayed -frequently that God would forgive her sins, and receive her to himself, -through the merits of a crucified Saviour. “Yes,” she said, “he died for -me.” Stayed by this anchor, she became resigned and calm. - -Before I went upstairs, I ordered the fire to be made up, and plenty of -hot water to be in readiness. The poor old people very slow, and nothing -in the house which such a case of emergency required. The cramp was -gaining ground, and spasms had returned. Mr. L.’s residence not being -far off, I hastened there, thinking it possible that he might be up; but -could make no one hear, therefore I went away without disturbing him. I -knocked up the people at a shop, and got some mustard and vinegar. When -I returned, the medicines which were left, with directions, by Mr. L. -were given. I had brought the cholera lotion, or stimulating liniment, -with me, which was tried; but the poor sufferer was icy cold. Hot water -in a stone bottle was applied to the feet. The pain at the pit of the -stomach was very acute. I tried to get hot salt or sand; but nothing of -the sort could be obtained, it being past two, a.m. Having noticed that, -in the fire-place below, there were some loose bricks, I heated one of -them, and wrapped it in a piece of old drugget. This simple remedy -afforded her much relief, as soon as it was applied. She had been -extremely patient, and said she felt better; but from the cold -perspiration, and her discoloured appearance, I feared she would not -recover. At three, a.m., I became so unwell, I desired that Mr. L. -should be called, at all events. As he had been up the whole of the two -preceding nights, and was very unwell, I had hitherto deferred calling -him as long as I could; but I was obliged to return home. - -_August_ 21. Being anxious to know the fate of Mary Taylor, I went at -eight o’clock to enquire for her. I learnt that Mr. L. came to her -almost immediately after I left her, and injected saline fluid into a -vein. She rallied for a time; but now, at nine, the alarming symptoms -had returned. I went to Mr. L. and reported the apparently hopeless -state of the patient. He returned to the house with me, and proposed a -repetition of the experiment. She said it was all in vain. Her pulse -had entirely ceased to beat. She enquired for Susan,—then spoke of her -child with the tenderest feeling. She “hoped God would forgive her -anxiety about the dear little soul. She would rather it had been taken -before her, or with her, that both might be buried together; but God’s -will be done. May we meet in a happier world.” - -We had all joined with her in prayer, at her own request; she then -consented to the operation. After a small quantity of the saline fluid -had been injected, her husband’s sister offered to be blooded, as soon as -the transfusion of blood was proposed. The transfusion was commenced, -but no more than a teacupful could be borne, as a most startling effect -was produced; the eyes having in an instant become red and staring to a -frightful extent. Mr. L. saw this, and stopped the process -instantaneously. Her breathing was quick and laborious. The pulse -merely fluttered, and then stopped. It evidently was the will of God -that human means should not avail. She was dying! I left the room with -a sorrowing heart, sincerely lamenting her death. Before the attack of -cholera, she had been in a delicate state of health; therefore Mr. L. -feared that her constitution was not sufficiently strong to bear the -shock. Every thing tended to depress our spirits. Such touching scenes, -in such rapid succession—so great an accumulation of misery, nearly -overwhelmed us. The appalling reality is almost incredible! But we have -worked together, heart and hand; and we must trust that the same merciful -Providence which has hitherto protected us, will, through the aid of the -Spirit, grant us renewed strength for the conflict. - -I called to see Susan Taylor; she was better, but requiring the greatest -care. Attended the funeral of Mrs. Cocker. Richard Hurl, aged one year -and half, died at Underwood. Elizabeth Hicks, of Underwood, seriously -ill—collapse had rapidly come on,—Mr. Osmond in attendance. Very active -treatment had been pursued. Towards the evening, she was much relieved, -but extremely weak. Richard Smaldridge taken ill. Mr. Hook attending -him. - -_August_ 22. {83} A vestry meeting was held, also a meeting of the Board -of Health. On this day, the first order was made for assistance from the -parish, to be paid to the chairman of the Board of Health. Hurl’s child -buried. Elizabeth Hicks recovering. - -_August_ 23. George Tarr, aged forty-four, received at the Hospital: a -bad case. - -_August_ 24. George Tarr died. Ann Higgins, aged one year, died. - -_August_ 25. I visited several people who laboured under great debility. -Not so many fresh cases during these three days. - -_August_ 26. At eight o’clock, a message was brought to me from Mr. -Crewes’s family, at Plympton, {85a} requesting me, if I possibly could, -to go to them immediately, as their servant was alarmingly ill. Soon -after I arrived, Mr. Deeble Boger {85b} and the Messrs. Langworthy came. -It was one of those cases which exhibit great severity of -character—discolouration of the skin—incessant sickness and -restlessness—coldness of the flesh, tongue, and breath. There was very -little hope of her recovery. Perhaps this attack had been brought on and -aggravated by her own imprudence, in taking with her dinner, yesterday, a -quantity of vinegar, which had been left in a plate with some cucumber. -Debility and exhaustion rapidly increased. She became calm after awhile, -and was perfectly sensible. I left her and went to Church. The Rev. J. -Rosdew again kindly assisted me both parts of the day. But one feeling -pervaded the whole congregation—the ministers and the people—the deepest -solemnity! The plague is abroad. Who is to stand between the living and -the dead? The fervent prayer of faith availeth much. “Lord, hear our -prayer, and let our cry come unto thee!” How many appeared to pray in -earnest on this day! doubtless not here only, but through the nation. -May the supplication of a suffering people be received at the Throne of -Grace. - -Mr. Crewes’s servant died in the afternoon, and Maria E. Taylor, aged six -months, of Underwood, died on this day. - -_August_ 27. Whilst at breakfast, I was entreated to go as soon as -possible to Wm. Arthurs, at Underwood, as he was extremely ill, and he -was thought to be dying. After attending to a number of applications for -medicine, I went immediately to the sick man. His wife, in tears, was -standing at the door, watching my arrival. Her mother, Mary Martin, and -another woman, with dismay in their countenances, were near her. One of -the children ill with cholera, in a cradle, two other little creatures, -unconscious of what was passing, were playing about the room. I first -endeavoured to quiet the minds of the women, impressing upon them, that -there was not so much danger to be apprehended from the disease itself, -as from giving way to such excessive alarm. That all excitement and -agitation of the mind, tended to increase, if not to cause, an attack of -the malady. I found the poor man very ill. Upon enquiry, it appeared -that he had been “very bad all the night, and they thought he could not -have held out till the morning.” But, “why did you neglect to send for -medical advice at first?” “O, sir, we hoped it would pass.” I told them -they must send immediately for Mr. L. or for some other medical -gentleman; but they said it would be of no use, as Arthurs refused to -take any medicines; indeed, he had said the same to me: but, after much -persuasion, he consented to take what I gave him. At this time, he was -in a state of partial collapse—writhing with pain—large drops standing on -his icy cold forehead—his tongue cold—harassed with incessant and violent -sickness. The wife standing by, concealing her face with her apron, not -being able to look at him when the paroxysms came on. At a glance, the -appearance of every thing indicated the cleanliness of the family. A -white cloth was on a little table near the window—a second bed in the -room—a little store of potatoes in a basket, in a corner near the stairs. -The women were prompt and ready in preparing the stimulants—mustard and -hot vinegar, and hot water, in stone bottles, for the feet. All linen -was removed from the bed. The child below was, at this time, screaming -so violently, that we were obliged to use for her similar remedies. -Rhubarb and ginger had been given to the child. I gave a saline draught, -which appeared to check the sickness. The poor man required constant -attendance, sickness and cramp being most distressing. I had sent for -medical assistance, but at that moment it could not be obtained. What -was to be done? The poor man was in agony, and the sickness violent, -without an intermission of ten minutes. In this extremity, I gave him -the same medicine which I had taken myself. In half-an-hour, the man was -again extremely harassed, and the sickness was not abated. He complained -of insatiable thirst. I then prepared a saline mixture, composed of the -same ingredients which had in some instances been adopted by Mr. L.; -viz., carbonate of soda, one drachm, common salt, one drachm, oxymuriate -(chlorate) of potash, six grains, and a teaspoonful of salvolatile, to a -quart of cold water, of which he drank freely. After this, the vomiting -subsided for a time, but pain and nausea remained; friction with -stimulants were continued, and hot salt applied to the stomach. Being -somewhat relieved, he was desirous that I would pray with him. The poor -women knelt round the bed,—tears streaming down, though they held their -hands before their faces, to conceal their grief and apprehension. At -this time, the appearance of the man’s eyes began more decidedly to -assume the character which we had remarked in the worst cases of cholera. -Our prayer was shortened: but a sigh only, in faith, fails not to reach -the Throne of Grace. I sent again, with the hope of obtaining medical -aid, but without success. I began to tremble at the responsibility I had -taken upon myself; but I could not leave the patient at such a crisis, -and to have remained inactive might have been fatal. His pulse, when I -first saw him, was scarcely perceptible, it now began to improve; -sickness again came on, but not so violent as before. He drank freely of -the saline mixture. At two o’clock, I left him for half-an-hour, to -attend the funeral of Maria Taylor’s infant. Soon after my return (about -three o’clock), Arthurs became easier and more tranquil; the pulse had -improved, general warmth succeeded, and at four o’clock, profuse -perspiration: more clothing was put on the bed, to keep that up. He -wished for some tea and biscuit, and took a small quantity. In -half-an-hour afterwards, the pulse became extremely full and quick. At -five, p.m., I went to Mr. Langworthy’s, and found him just returned. I -informed him of Arthurs’s case, and we went there together; but before we -arrived, a medical gentleman had called, bled him sparingly, and had gone -away. Mr. L. ordered him medicine, and gave directions how to proceed. -The poor man then expressed himself as being weary, and soon sunk into a -calm sleep. The child was much better towards the evening. - -I went across the way to John Andrews’s; their daughter, Mary Ann, aged -six, who was taken ill in the morning, having died at four p.m. The -other child who was ill on the 6th, recovered. Peggy Andrews, the -mother, though deeply afflicted, shewed much Christian resignation. At -her urgent request, I went upstairs to see the child as she lay a corpse. -She had been carried off so rapidly, they could scarcely believe she was -dead. Chloride of lime was used abundantly, and the poor people promised -that the rooms should be whitewashed on the following day. Their cottage -is kept particularly neat. Having remained some time in conversation -with them, I went to Richard Dunn’s. Their little girl, aged two years, -sinking from exhaustion in a low fever, like typhus, which immediately -followed an attack of cholera. Every possible attention was paid her, -but nothing would make her rally. She lay perfectly quiet, her clear -blue eye fixed on me, being a stranger; and just at that moment a parting -ray of the evening sun beamed through the casement upon her face, her -light silken locks shone upon her spotless brow, giving to her appearance -an unearthly effect, which I shall never forget. Very soon she was cold -and lifeless; but a smile rested on her countenance, so serene and -lovely, that the transition from life to death was not perceptible. I -could not be surprised at the distress of the parents. Difficult it was -at such a moment to acknowledge the reality, that their loss was the -child’s gain. Under what a variety of circumstances does this fatal -malady strike its victims! Equally varying, therefore, the occasions for -Christian consolation. May this be profitable to minister and people. -Wrote to the Central Board of Health. Two new cases. - -_August_ 28. Mary Ann Andrews, buried. No death on this day: one new -case only reported—Betty Wills, of Underwood. The patients generally -extremely weak. Seven cases remaining. - -_August_ 29. Attended Board of Health. Received a letter from the -Central Board, requesting a daily report to be transmitted as long as the -disease exists at Plympton St. Mary, as well as a return of all cases and -deaths from the commencement of the disease. - -Upon referring to the several medical practitioners, it was found to be -impossible to obtain any thing like a regular return; because our Board -of Health had not been legally constituted until the 22nd instant; and no -authority for such a requirement having previously existed, no regular -notes of cases and deaths had been kept. Besides this, in consequence of -the scarcity of medical practitioners, those who were employed in cholera -cases, were engaged with their patients from morning till night, and had -little or no time for making regular memoranda. - -Visited Arthurs;—better as to the original disease, but very severely -salivated. Elizabeth Hicks and Mary Martin, recovering. Buried Dunn’s -child. Visited Susan Taylor;—gradually recovering, but labouring under -great weakness. We had some serious conversation upon the afflicting -circumstances which had occurred, and the mercy of God in her own -particular case;—her preservation up to the present time, after all she -had gone through herself, and after what she had witnessed in others, -having herself, not only passed much time as a nurse in the midst of the -worst cases of the disease, but having also assisted in the last fearful -office for three of its victims. She entered fully into all this in a -right frame of mind. Whilst alluding to the state in which she lay under -the influence of the collapsed stage, she said she knew what was passing, -though she appeared unconscious of every thing; that the sensation -produced by injecting the saline fluid into the vein, was that of having -taken an unusual quantity of liquid or broth, the stomach seemed to be -very full; and when the blood was transfused, she felt it in the jugular -vein, on both sides, causing an oppressive fulness, as if it would burst; -but it subsided as soon as the process was stopped. As an instance of -consciousness being retained in the last stage of cholera,—while the -blood was being transfused, though she could neither move nor speak, she -heard me suggest that a handkerchief might be lightly thrown across her -eyes, lest she should be shocked if she revived and saw what was being -done; and Mr. L.’s reply, that it was of no consequence, as she was too -far gone. - -_August_ 30. One new case, Mary Martin, Underwood. Five cases -remaining. Several people suffering from weakness and debility; all who -required it, had nourishing things sent to them. By Mr. L.’s advice, I -returned home sooner than usual, as I had been very unwell during the -last few days. - -_August_ 31. Susan Taylor {96} was sufficiently recovered to return to -Underwood. No new cases reported to-day. What a mercy! The fearful -disease has nearly subsided in this parish, though as yet prevalent in -the adjoining parish of Plympton Maurice. - -From this time, no death by cholera occurred in the parish; but through -the month of September, those who had been attacked by the disease, -laboured under great debility. Some new cases were reported; but of a -milder character, with the exception of two, which were taken to the -Hospital. One was that of an aged woman, who, on the 10th of September, -was discovered lying on the floor, at her house at Colebrook, in a state -of collapse. A medical gentleman had seen her as he passed by, and -called to inform me of the circumstance, at the same time recommending -what medicine should be given to her. I found her, as described, lying -on the stone floor, with all the symptoms of confirmed cholera, and in -great agony. After much persuasion, she took the medicine, and consented -to be removed to the Hospital, only upon the condition that I would take -charge of her goods, and keep the key of her room. Unhappily, she was -one of those whose thoughts are entirely engrossed by the objects of -time; therefore her mental agitation and alarm were proportionately -increased: and at such a moment, when life was ebbing on the brink of -eternity, there was no desire for religious exercise, although at the -eleventh hour; and all before her was worse than blank—not a shadow of -comfort! - -After she arrived at the Hospital, her suffering was very considerable. -Mr. L. pursued the same treatment which had been previously adopted, with -the addition of active friction, and hot salt in bags applied to the -stomach. Warmth was restored in about four hours, and she became -gradually better. In three days afterwards, she walked home, recovered. - -About this time, a man was found, in a wretched state, cold and -collapsed, in an open shed near Ridgeway. He was conveyed to the -Hospital immediately. Drinking and dissipation had most probably tended -to increase his sufferings, for they were excessive. His habits were -well known, and there was every reason to suppose he was in a state of -intoxication when seized with the disease. A strong emetic of mustard -and salt was first given to him, and active remedies were afterwards -resorted to. Some hours elapsed before warmth could be restored, and it -was thought the attack would terminate fatally; but God was merciful to -him, and he so far recovered as to be able to leave the Hospital in two -days. How far he was impressed with the awfulness of his situation, or -of thankfulness for his escape from impending danger, rested with his own -conscience. He gave no satisfactory proof of any salutary impression -having been made upon his mind. He was enveloped in utter darkness, and -religious duties were evidently irksome to him. - -With the exception of these two cases, nothing occurred beyond the usual -routine of visiting convalescent patients, or those taken with slight -attacks, from the end of August to the 3rd of October. During that -period, the attendance at meetings of the Board of Health, and constant -communication with the Central Board, as well as ordinary parish duties, -were attended to. On the 3rd of October, it was reported, and with -devout thankfulness acknowledged, that the disease was mercifully -withdrawn from the parish—the plague was stayed—and the Board of Health -was adjourned. Thus terminated the progress of the fearful visitation in -this parish. Thirty deaths, chiefly from the village of Underwood, had -occurred between the 13th of July and the 27th of August. In the -adjacent town of Plympton, where the population by the census of 1831 was -804, there were twenty-two deaths between the 12th of August and the 21st -of September. - - - - -CONCLUSION. - - -HERE it may be useful to make a brief allusion to some of the -circumstances connected with the progress of the disease in this rural -district. The first patient who died of the cholera at Underwood, -arrived there two days before she was taken ill, from Plymouth, where the -disease was making fearful havoc. After her death, nearly a fortnight -elapsed, when two other deaths occurred, of persons who were dwelling -near the centre of the village. Then the disease visited the extreme -western end, taking its course eastward, and at that end finished its -career. The time of its duration was between two and three months: its -fatal effects were limited to about five weeks. - -Nearly a month after the disease had visited Plympton St. Mary, it -proceeded to Plympton St. Maurice, commencing on the 12th of August, in -the middle of the town; then, as it had done at Underwood, it went to the -western extremity, afterwards taking its course eastward, and, on the -20th of September, ceased at one of the last houses in that direction. -Although in both parishes its fatal effects were limited to five weeks, -it lingered in the neighbourhood some weeks afterwards. - -It may be supposed that, because the malady, during the later period of -its existence at Underwood, did not prove fatal, it was understood better -than at first, and that the medical treatment was on that account more -successful. But if so, it would not have been so fatal afterwards at -Plympton; as it was in the hands of the same medical practitioner. - -It may be worthy of remark, that towards the end of August, the weather -became cooler, and the vapour which rises in the valley below Underwood, -concentrated in a white frost, though in a slight degree, in the month of -September; to which the gradual disappearance of the disease was in some -measure attributed. - -By the entries in the Register of Burials, it appears that the deaths -were,—males, 14, females, 16; total, 30. One male only died between the -ages of 10 and 39. One female only died between the ages of 10 and 45. -Two males died upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 53 and 72. Five females -died upwards of 50 years of age; viz., 56, 67, 75, 76, and 77. - -Burials in Plympton St. Mary:— - -1831 males, 26 females, 18 total 44 -1832 „ 31 „ 31 „ 62 -1833 „ 14 „ 18 „ 32 - -From the 1st of June to the 1st of September:— - -1831 males, 4 females, 3 total, 7 -1832 „ 20 „ 19 „ 39 -1833 „ 4 „ 5 „ 9 - -The fact that nine out of twelve inmates of the cottage {103} inhabited -by Parsons’s family were swept off, under circumstances of a peculiarly -aggravated and appalling character, may be attributed to the unfortunate -inattention to sanitary precautions, which has already been mentioned. - - [Picture: The village of Underwood] - -In consequence of the Board of Health not having been regularly -constituted until above a month after the commencement of the disease in -the parish, no returns from medical practitioners were received before -the 22nd of August; and even after that period, so constantly were those -gentlemen occupied, and worn out with fatigue, the returns were very -imperfectly supplied. Therefore, a statistical account of cases, dates -of seizure and recovery, cannot here be attempted. It must, therefore, -suffice to state, that between 200 and 300 in this parish were more or -less affected with the disease; and in Underwood alone, about 200. The -proportion of deaths, in cases which had advanced into the second or cold -stage before medical assistance had been obtained, was about one out of -three. In the foregoing Extracts, only a portion of the cases of -confirmed cholera are mentioned; omitting those which are termed -incipient. - -It cannot be too strongly impressed upon the attention of every one, that -if the atmosphere surrounding houses is corrupted by the effluvia of -stagnant water in pools and ditches, unwholesome sewers, choked drains, -or any accumulation of filth—if badly ventilated rooms are crowded with -an excess of occupants—if the diet is low and unwholesome, and the habits -of the people are dirty, particularly if they are addicted to drunkenness -and dissipation,—diseases of various kinds are engendered as a natural -consequence; therefore, under such circumstances, what can be expected -during a visitation of an extraordinary epidemic like that of cholera, -but its baneful effects, and those of a most aggravated and appalling -character. - -It is essential that due attention be paid to the very first indication -of indisposition during the prevalence of the epidemic. Vegetables and -fruit should be avoided. Strong affections of the mind, arising from -anxiety, alarm, or excess of grief, are extremely injurious; therefore -the mind should be kept calm, and if any symptoms, however trivial, -should occur, medical advice should be obtained as speedily as possible. - -If, through neglect, or any other particular cause, the second stage has -come on, with violent sickness, cramp, cold extremities, weakness, and -sinking of the pulse, &c. the disease is extremely dangerous. I have not -heard of any specific having yet been discovered, which can be -recommended with assurance of success. But even from this stage, and -under the most disheartening circumstances, several patients have -recovered. - -It is hoped, that a plain statement of some of the remedies which were -resorted to in this parish, may have a place here, without a risk of -being objectionable; especially as it is unaccompanied by any attempt to -encroach upon the prerogative of those whose professional education and -experience entitle them to be the sole arbiters and directors of such -subjects. - -Many instances occurred, when medical aid could not be immediately -obtained; and some, when there was every probability of considerable loss -of time. Under such circumstances, to prevent, if possible, the early -stage of the disease assuming a more serious character, much benefit was -derived from the following recipes, supplied by Mr. Langworthy; due -regard being observed to circumstances as they arose at the time, as well -as to the proportions usually allowed for difference of age, sex, and -constitution:— - -Powdered rhubarb 8 grains. -Powdered ginger 6 grains. -Carbonate of soda 20 grains. -Calomel, occasionally added 3 or 4 grains. - -It appeared to us, that in most cases which came under our observation, -where the use of heating or spirituous liquors had been resorted to, for -the purpose of allaying pain in the bowels, it did more harm than good. - -In cases which were attended with aggravated symptoms, five, ten, -fifteen, or twenty grains of calomel, with nearly an equal quantity of -powdered ginger, were given by Mr. L., according to circumstances, and in -an hour or two afterwards, from half an ounce to an ounce of castor oil, -with one, two, or three drachms of tincture of rhubarb. - -When much irritation has been going on, soda water, in a state of -effervescence, or a teaspoonful of carbonate of soda, and the same -quantity of salvolatile, have tended to allay sickness, &c. - -In more advanced stages of the disease, the following mixture, drank -cold, has given relief:— - -Carbonate of soda 1 drachm. -Common salt 1 drachm. -Oxymuriate (chlorate) of potash 3 or 4 grains. - -To be mixed in a quart of water, and drank when the patient complained of -thirst. - -When internal cramp has caused great suffering, dry heat, by the -application of a bag of hot salt, to the pit of the stomach, has been -beneficial in relieving the pain; and, in the cold stage of the disease, -the use of friction with stimulating liniment, and mustard and vinegar -poultices applied to the extremities, have been attended with good -effects. In extreme cases, on the verge of death, recourse was had to -injecting some principal vein with saline fluid. This invariably stopped -the sufferings of the patient; but in the application of the experiment -by Mr. L., it did not succeed in saving the life, unless a small quantity -of blood was afterwards transfused into the vein. This was done only in -the three cases here, of Wm. Gully, Susan Taylor, and Mary Taylor. The -two former recovered, and are living at the present time. The latter was -in a weak state of health before the attack of cholera, to which the -failure of the experiment was attributed. The two former relapsed after -the injection of the saline fluid alone, and were rapidly sinking; but -upon a repetition of the process of injection, with the addition -afterwards of blood, they recovered. - -It was remarked, that if calomel effected any degree of salivation, the -patient recovered. - -In the event of a recurrence of such a fearful pestilence, from which, -may it please God in mercy to protect us, it may be worth consideration, -that Boards of Health become legally constituted as soon as possible; -that they may be empowered to provide for cases of emergency, and engage -medical assistance, in proportion to the requirements of the district, -with a remuneration to the medical gentlemen commensurate with their -arduous duties. Also to provide an adequate attendance of efficient -nurses. In the case of our Board of Health, there was no legal authority -for making orders for assistance, until the 22nd of August, nearly six -weeks after the disease had commenced in the parish. One medical -gentleman only, with the aid of his relation, had to attend nearly all -the poor people who were ill, in addition to his own private patients; -and the other medical practitioners were fully occupied. The consequence -was, that, in some instances, much valuable time was lost. The -difficulty of procuring nurses at the time, has already been adverted to. - -Under these circumstances, the consequences would have been still more -lamentable, if a subscription had not been raised to meet the emergency; -as extra expenses, to a large amount, which had been incurred by a series -of such fearful sickness and distress, during a period of six weeks, were -met by that resource. - -In justice to those parishioners who had the means, it should be -mentioned here, that, in addition to their benevolent and liberal -subscriptions, all aided in relieving the necessities of their poorer -brethren, and mitigated much of their distress, by providing, from their -own houses, many things which could not be obtained in the poor man’s -home. Some of the principal families were absent at the time; but they -took a lively interest in the progress of events, and repeatedly gave -directions that the poor sufferers should be supplied with whatever they -required, from their houses. - -In concluding this plain record of some fearful occurrences among his -parishioners during the visitation with which God, for wise purposes, -afflicted them, the writer, in adverting to the many acts of Christian -beneficence, cannot refrain from expressing his grateful remembrance of -the affectionate kindness which he himself experienced, from the highest -to the lowest of his parishioners, to which was added, an unexpected but -gratifying testimonial of regard from the parishioners in general, and -another from the village of Underwood in particular. - -In these Extracts from a Diary relating to one particular subject, many -minor details have been omitted, as superfluous; and the mention of some -circumstances of a painful nature, as to the state of mind or conduct of -particular individuals, has been avoided, from consideration for the -feelings of others. If, however, it should be asked, what effects this -awful warning produced upon those who witnessed its solemn call, it must -be confessed, in general terms, that, with the exception of a few -individuals, no permanent change of character was perceptible. There -were then, as unhappily there are now, persons upon whom no passing -events, however striking, make any salutary impression—who make light of -the most solemn calls to repentance and amendment—run through life -utterly heedless of the one thing needful; and when they “pass through -the valley of the shadow of death,” they have no staff to rest upon for -comfort and support. The state of such people calls for the deepest -commiseration. Much do they require the Christian’s prayer, that they -may be converted and live. Well will it be for all of us, if, in viewing -the judgments of God in the world, we acknowledge them as such; and in -the endeavour to theorize upon second causes, we do not overlook the -Great First Cause. The hand of God must be acknowledged, when, by either -of His sore judgments, whether of pestilence, famine, or the sword, He -afflicts a people for their iniquity. His divine blessing must be -sought, with the earnest prayer of a contrite heart through faith in the -Saviour; for without His blessing, without His Almighty aid, all our -endeavours to escape the rod of His displeasure will assuredly fail. - -Whether as a nation or as individuals, let us not be regardless of the -warnings and mercies which we have from time to time experienced at the -hand of God. Let us remember the word of the Lord addressed to his -rebellious people of old, “Son of man, when the land sinneth against me -by trespassing grievously, then will I stretch out mine hand upon it, and -will break the staff of the bread thereof, and will send famine upon it, -and will cut off man and beast,” &c. And again, “If ye will not be -reformed by me by these things, but will walk contrary unto me; then will -I also walk contrary unto you, and will punish you yet seven times for -your sins. And when ye are gathered together within your cities, I will -send the pestilence among you.” - -During a succession of many generations, the judgments of the Lord, -either of pestilence, famine, or the sword, have visited our land at -different periods. On these occasions, days for public humiliation have -been resorted to, with confession of sin, and vows of repentance and -amendment. The prayer of the nation has been invariably heard, and the -scourge withdrawn. The mercies thus experienced have been acknowledged -by national thanksgiving. But notwithstanding these things, we have been -a rebellious people. It was only within the last year that another of -God’s judgments called forth our humiliation, and public prayers for -deliverance. Again a supplicating nation was heard—the calamity was -withdrawn; and this was acknowledged by a general thanksgiving. The Lord -has hitherto been merciful to us; and still, as a nation, we are -wonderfully blessed. But fearful signs and warnings have been hovering -around, to awaken us from spiritual lethargy, and forgetfulness of the -past. In addition to this, the storm which has recently burst forth upon -our continental neighbours, and shaken the foundations of thrones and -empires, whilst it bids us to be thankful for the privileges we enjoy, -calls upon us to put our whole trust in Him who hath hitherto succoured -us. Therefore, amidst all the foreboding signs of the times, and the -internal convulsions that threaten other nations, may we have grace so to -acquit ourselves consistently with our Christian profession, that God may -yet be merciful to our land, and continue to us His blessing. - - * * * * * - -AT a Vestry meeting, held this 13th day of January, 1833, in pursuance of -a notice duly given,— - - Resolved, “That a small stone, in the shape of a cross, with the - date, 1832, engraved upon it, be placed as a memorial at the head of - all the graves of persons who had died of the awful disease of - cholera.” - - [Picture: Cross with 1832 written on it] - - - - -SUBSCRIBERS. - - -Adams, Mr. Peter, Plymouth. -Allen, Rev. John, North Huish. -Allport, D. H. Esq., London. -Andrews, Mr. H., Modbury. -Andrews, Peggy, Underwood. -Andrew, Mr. John, Ridgeway. -Ash, Mr., Topsham. -Aylwin, Robert, Esq., Blackland, Plympton (four copies). - - * * * * * - -Bedford, the Duke of -Bedford, the Duchess of -Beauford, Miss, Tavistock. -Bennett, W. Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -Bevan, John, Esq., London (four copies). -Bewes, Rev. Thomas, Beaumont (two copies). -Bewes, Captain, ditto (two copies). -Bewes, Charles, Esq. (four copies). -Bickford, Jane, Underwood. -Bickley, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Biggs, Mrs. Arnold (two copies). -Biggs, Miss Juliet (two copies). -Body, Mr., Plymouth. -Boger, Deeble, Esq., Plympton (two copies). -Boger, Mrs., ditto (two copies). -Bogue, Rev. Richard, Denbury (eight copies). -Bone, J. Esq., Devonport. -Boolds, Mr. C., Plymouth. -Bray, Rev. E. A., Tavistock (two copies). -Bray, Mrs., ditto (two copies). -Bulteel, Miss - - * * * * * - -Clarendon, the Earl of (four copies). -Clarendon, the Countess of (four copies). -Caledon, the Dowager Countess of (four copies). -Call, Sir William, Bart. -Call, Miss -Calmady, Mrs., Langdon Hall. -Cann, Mr., Ridgeway. -Catchpole, Mr., Plympton St. Mary. -Carew, Norman, Esq., Stoke (two copies). -Charrington, Spencer, Esq., London. -Clark, Mrs., Buckland-Tout-Saints (two copies). -Clark, Mrs. Erving, Efford Manor. -Cleverton, J. Esq., Boon’s Place. -Cobb, Rev. Robert, Ellingham, Norfolk. -Coles, J. B. Esq., Parrock’s Lodge, Chard. -Coles, Mrs., ditto. -Coles, Rev. James, Shepton Beauchamp (four copies). -Coles, J. S. Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -Cole, Mrs., Underwood. -Collier, John, Esq., Plymouth. -Conway, Rev. W., Rochester. -Conway, Miss, ditto. -Cork, Rev. Duncan, M.A., Ivy Bridge (four copies). -Cork, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Coryton, A. Esq., Pentillie. -Coryton, Miss, ditto. -Cottle, Mr. John, Ridgeway. -Cotton, W. Esq., Highland House, Ivy Bridge (two copies). -Cotton, Mrs., Highland House, Ivy Bridge (two copies). -Crews, Mr. H., Plympton. -Cummings, Rev. Charles, M.A., Cheadle (four copies). -Curteis, Rev. Thomas, Sevenoaks (four copies). - - * * * * * - -De Dunstanville, Lady -Davis, Rev. C. G., Tewkesbury. -Dawson, J. Esq., London. -Dennis, Rev. Samuel, Stoke. -Dennis, Lardner, Esq. -Dewdney, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Duff, Admiral, Braemoriston, Elgin (four copies). -Duff, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Dyer, Mr. Robert, Norfolk Hotel, London (two copies). - - * * * * * - -Eastlake, George, Esq., Plymouth. -Eastlake, Charles Locke, Esq., London. -Edmonds, Miss, Ridgeway. -Edwards, Captain, Ludbrook House. -Elphinstone, Miss (four copies). -Elliot, Mr., Underwood (two copies). -Evans, William, Esq., Ridgeway. -Evans, W. H. Esq., Stoke Villa. - - * * * * * - -Fanshawe, Captain H., R.N., Tilbuster Lodge, Surrey (two copies). -Fanshawe, Capt. A., Stonehouse. -Flint, Rev. C. W. Raffles, Morden, Surrey (eight copies). -Forster, Mrs., Ditchingham Cottage, Suffolk (two copies). -Forster, Miss Emily, ditto (twenty copies). -Fry, Mr. E., Plymouth. -Furneaux, James, Esq., Swilly. - - * * * * * - -Gardner, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. -Giles, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. -Gordon, Mrs., Inverness. -Gordon, Mrs. Hugh, ditto -Goss, Mr. Robert, Plympton. -Grills, Mr. John, Plympton St. Mary. - - * * * * * - -Haddock, Mrs., London. -Hales, Mrs., Richmond (two copies). -Hallett, Mrs., Plymouth. -Hall, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Hall, Mr. Sparkes, 308, Regent Street, London. -Hatchard, Rev. John, M.A., Plymouth. -Hawker, W. H. Esq., ditto. -Hicks, Mr. F., ditto. -Hingston, A. Esq., ditto. -Hitchins, Mr. Martin, ditto (two copies). -Holden, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Holmes, Rev. Peter, Plymouth. -Holmes, Mr. Walter, ditto. -Holman, Mr. (and Coombes). -Hook, Mrs., Gascoyne Place, Plymouth. -Howse, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Hullah, Charles, Esq., London (four copies). -Hullah, Rev. Thomas, M.A., Ridgeway (four copies). -Hunt, Major, Penquit Lodge. - - * * * * * - -Jago, Robert, Esq., Plymouth (two copies). -James, W. T. Esq. R.N., Plympton. -James, Mr., Exeter. -Jauncey, Francis, Esq. (four copies). -Jones, Miss Braemoriston, Elgin (four copies). -Julian, Mr. George, Plympton. - - * * * * * - -Kington, Thomas, Esq., Charlton House (four copies). -King, Mrs. James, Burrington (two copies). -Kingdon, Mr. John, Ridgeway (two copies). -Kirby, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. - - * * * * * - -Lewis, Lady Theresa (four copies). -Lewis, G. Cornwall, Esq. (four copies). -Lane, Rev. Richard, Coffleet. -Lane, Mr. Richard, Ridgeway. -Langmead, Rev. G. W., M.A., Plymouth (two copies). -Langworthy, Richard, Esq., Plympton (eight copies). -Laskey, Mrs. Underwood. -Lavers, Joanna, ditto. -Lavers, Mr. James, Ridgeway. -Ley, George, Esq., Cockington. -Ley, Miss, ditto. -Lidstone, Mr. Roger, Plymouth. -Luttrell, Miss, Tilbuster Lodge, Surrey (two copies). - - * * * * * - -Morley, the Earl of (eight copies). -Morley, the Countess of (eight copies). -Morley, the Dowager Countess of (four copies). -Macfarlane, Mrs., Inverness (five copies). -Magrath, Sir George, M.D., Plymouth. -Mangles, Captain C. E. -Martin, the Rev. Chancellor, Exeter. -Marsh, Rev. W. M.A., Ashburton (four copies). -Mayhew, C. H. Esq., London. -May, Rev. John, M.A., Ugborough. -Mears, Rev. H., Snow Hill, Hartish (two copies). -Mellish, Miss (eight copies). -Milner, Colonel, Plymouth. -Molesworth, Rev. William, M.A., St. Brooke. -Molesworth, Rev. Hugh. -Molesworth, Rev. Paul. -Molesworth, Walter Hele, Esq., Goodamoor. -Morrice, Rev. W. D., M.A. Plymouth. -Mudge, Col. R. E., Beechwood (eight copies). -Mudge, Zach. Esq. M.A. (two copies). -Murray, Captain, Gosport. - - * * * * * - -Osmond, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Overton, Mr. S., London. -Oxenham, Mrs., Southernhay, Exeter. - - * * * * * - -Page, J. Esq., London. -Page, Mr., Plymouth. -Palk, Lawrence, Esq. -Palk, Mrs. -Parker, Montague, Esq., Whiteway (four copies). -Parker, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Parker, Mr. I., Ridgeway. -Parkhouse, Mr. S., Plymouth. -Parsons, Mr., ditto. -Pasmore, Mrs. E., Plympton St. Mary. -Pepperall, Mary, Underwood. -Pinwill, Rev. W. James, Plymouth (two copies). -Pearse, Mr. J., Plympton. -Phillipps, C. J. Esq., 1st Royals, Landue, Cornwall. -Phillipps, Miss Caroline, ditto. -Phillipps, Miss Barbara, ditto. -Plimsaul Brothers, Messrs., Plymouth (two copies). -Pitcher, W. H. Esq., London. -Pitts, Mrs. Jane, ditto. -Pitts, Mrs., Hay, Plympton St. Mary. -Praed, W. Mackworth, Esq., Delamore. -Praed, Mrs. W. Mackworth, ditto. -Prance, W. Esq., Plymouth. -Pridham, George, Esq., ditto. -Pirdham, W. Esq., Plymouth. -Pym, Rev. F., Bickleigh. - - * * * * * - -Rack, W. M. Esq., London. -Reep, Richard T. Esq., London. -Robertson, Major, Lyncolm, Bath. -Roberts, Ann, Ridgeway. -Roe, H. Esq., Gnaton. -Rogers, Captain, R.N., Plymouth. - - * * * * * - -St. Germans, the Earl of -St. Germans, the Countess of -Seymour, Rev. Sir J. Culme, Bart. (two copies). -Seymour, Lady -Sarah, Mr., Merafield. -Saunders, Mrs., Kitley. -Saunders, George R. Esq., Wadebridge. -Scudamore, Rev. W. E., M.A., Ditchingham. -Sealy, Miss, Bristol (two copies). -Selerne, Mrs., Plympton St. Mary. -Shepherd, John, Esq. Townsend Hill (two copies). -Shortland, Mrs. George, Lipson. -Smale, Mr. G., Plympton St. Mary. -Smeaton, Rev. S. B., Sheepstor. -Smith, Rev. Hinton, Plymouth. -Smythe, Rev. John, Ridgeway (eight copies). -Smythe, Mrs., ditto. -Smythe, Miss, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Agnes, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Mary, ditto. -Smythe, Miss Altha, ditto. -Soltau, George W. Esq., Efford (four copies). -Soltau, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Soltau, Mrs. William, Plymouth (two copies). -Southwood, Mr. Thomas, Underwood. -Spear, Miss, Halton Barton. -Spence, Charles, Esq., Stoke. -Squire, Mr. S., Plymouth. -Squire, Mr., ditto. -Stuart, Douglas, Esq., Handley House, Dor. (four copies). -Stanbury, Mr. H., Ridgeway. -Stanbury, Mr. B. -Stapleton, Augustus Granville, Esq. -Stone, Rev. D. S., Walkhampton. -Stephens, Robert, Esq., Plymouth. -Stockman, Mr. H., Underwood. -Strangways, Mrs., Plymouth. -Street, Fanny, Colebrook. -Strode, George, Esq., Newnham Park (four copies). -Strode, Mrs., ditto (four copies). -Strode, George Sidney, Esq., ditto. -Strode, Miss, ditto. -Strode, Miss Florence, ditto. -Symons, Mrs., Chaddlewood (three copies). -Symons, Major, Stonehouse. - - * * * * * - -Tallock, R. T. Esq., London. -Taylor, Rev. Henry, Southpoole (two copies). -Taylour, Mrs. C. -Thomas, D. Esq., London. -Tolcher, Edward, Esq., Ridgeway (four copies). -Toope, Mr. Stephen, Underwood. -Treby, Paul O. Esq., Goodamoor (two copies). -Treby, Henry Hele, Esq., ditto. -Treby, Miss, ditto. -Treby, Miss Blanche J., ditto. -Tremayne, J. H. Esq., Helygan. -Trench, Rev. Francis, M.A. Reading (three copies). - - * * * * * - -Verulam, the Dowager Countess (four copies). -Villiers, the Honourable Mrs. (eight copies). -Vawdon, Mr., Baccamore, Plympton St. Mary. -Vawdon, Mrs., ditto. -Vicary, Mr. T., Plymouth. -Vosper, Mrs., Merafield. - - * * * * * - -Walke, Mrs., Ridgeway (two copies). -Walke, Mr. Andrew, ditto. -Watts, Rev. Prebendary, Gunville Rectory, Dorset. -Weekes, Mr., Professor of Music, Plymouth. -Whetham, Mrs., Kirklington Hall, Notts. (two copies). -White, Miss, Seven Trees, Plymouth (two copies). -White, Miss, Sarah, ditto (two copies). -White, Miss, Smithaleigh, Plympton St. Mary. -Widdicombe, Mr. J., Ludbrook Cottage. -Williams, Rev. C. K., D.D., Plympton. -Williams, John Esq., Ham Street (two copies). -Wills, Mr., Plymouth. -Wills, Mr. J., ditto. -Wilmot, Captain. -Wilmot, Mrs. -Wollacott, Mrs., Ridgeway. -Woollcombe, Captain, R.N., Hemerdon (four copies). -Woollcombe, Rev. E. C., M.A., Oxford. -Woodman, C. B. Esq., York House, Hampstead. -Woodman, Mrs., ditto. - - * * * * * - -Yabsley, Jane, Saltram Lodge -Yonge, Rev. J., Puslinch. - - * * * * * - - PLYMOUTH - ROGER LIDSTONE, PRINTER, - GEORGE STREET. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{1} By the census in 1841, the population was 2757 and it is computed, -at the present time, to be above 3000. - -{2} This valley is at present little else than an extensive marsh, which -has been redeemed from the Lary, or Laira, an estuary into which the -river Plym empties itself. A dense fog, of a peculiar character, -frequently rises from this valley, after sun-set, at all seasons of the -year, and hangs about the adjacent hill, assuming the appearance of a -white cloud. - -{14} This gentleman was the medical officer for the parish; and the -epidemic having been chiefly prevalent among the labouring class of -people, the frequent mention of his name will be accounted for. - -When it pleased God to withdraw the disease from this neighbourhood, the -skilful manner in which Mr. Langworthy had treated it, and his -unremitting attention to the arduous duties of his office, were duly -acknowledged at a parish meeting, with an addition to his salary; and a -handsome piece of plate, purchased by subscription, was presented to him. -He died a few years afterwards. - -{18} A supply of all those medicines, &c., which were considered to be -requisite, was provided out of the subscription fund, and kept at my -house; viz., castor oil, tincture of rhubarb, laudanum,—packets, of -different proportions, ready made up and marked, of powdered rhubarb, -carbonate of soda, powdered ginger, and calomel. Carageen moss, -arrow-root, patent groats, mustard, linseed, chloride of lime, -stimulating liniment, called “cholera lotion,” spirits of turpentine, -spirits of salvolatile, &c. From nine to ten every morning, poor people -were supplied with what they required,—some, with common remedies for -slight indisposition; others, according to prescriptions which they -received from their medical attendant,—all under the direction or -sanction of some medical practitioner. - -{42} When Sergeant Higgins was suddenly carried off by the cholera, a -feeling of the deepest commiseration for his wife and children was -excited among the officers and privates of the regiment. They -immediately entered into a subscription, and when the sorrowing widow was -about to leave the Citadel with her four young children, on her journey -to Cork, they presented her with a purse containing twenty sovereigns. -The poor creature was so overpowered by the conflicting feelings of grief -for her loss, and gratitude for such an unexpected act of generosity, -that she was unable, without assistance, to get to the waggon in which -she was to travel. Some of her late husband’s comrades and their wives -accompanied her; and so affecting was the parting scene, that more than -one manly cheek was bedewed with tears when the sad farewell was -exchanged. How soon was it realized as a last farewell! - -Immediately after the funeral, I wrote to her relations at Cork, -informing them of the mournful event, and requesting them to inform me -what arrangements they would suggest respecting the children. The -youngest, aged one year, died of the cholera in our hospital, in a -fortnight after the decease of its mother. At this time, a person -arrived, to take charge of the children. Before they left the workhouse, -where every care had been taken of them, their relation requested to know -what was due to the parish. In reply to which, he was informed, that -“the last tribute of respect and Christian sympathy to a broken-hearted -widow, was reserved for her helpless little orphans.” Nothing was -accepted. The purse which she had with her was returned, with the -contents untouched. - -{45} This man and his wife had been very active and useful, as nurses, -and they occupied an upstair apartment, in the same cottage with -Parsons’s family. - -{48} The town of Plympton, in the parish of Plympton St. Maurice, is -situate a few hundred yards eastward from Underwood, in the same valley -which lies below that village. - -Some displeasure was expressed, at Plympton, on account of Susan Taylor -having gone to her brother-in-law’s house, as that place had hitherto -been free from the epidemic. - -An influential gentleman there wrote to me on the subject, to the -following effect:— - - I dare say you have heard that the cholera has unhappily appeared - among us, owing to the widow of Taylor and her child, having - emigrated last night from Underwood to Plympton, and slept at the - house of her brother, in consequence of her having no other abode . . - . It is requisite that you should be aided by the practical - co-operation of others, and particularly that you should be - empowered, by the vote of the parish, to enforce in your overseers - the full and immediate performance of their duty . . . If the poor - of Plympton St. Mary are driven from their houses by accident or - pestilence, they are equally entitled to be taken care of by the - parish officers, and it is their bounden duty instantly to provide - them with some other habitation. Had that been attended to - yesterday, we should (at least in the present case) have been exempt - from the pestilence to-day. - - Dated August 11th, 1832. - -{50} I received the following letter, in consequence of some difficulty -that had arisen respecting the power of our present Board of Health to -make any order for assistance from the parish; the parish officers having -hitherto taken no steps for that purpose:— - - Rose Cottage, Ridgeway, August 11, 1832. - - My dear Sir, - - As the dread malady with which this neighbourhood is unhappily - afflicted does not appear to have yet run its course (neither - Ridgeway nor Colebrook having been much affected), and as it is - utterly impossible that one medical man, however active and zealous, - can attend on half the cases; nor is it possible that you should be - able to continue your exertions as you have done, unless the patients - are more concentrated: under these considerations, I beg to suggest - the propriety of calling a meeting to-morrow, to consider the - expediency of appointing some place to receive the poor people that - may be attacked, and also to depute some one to act as assistant - overseer; as the overseer resides so far off, a deputy is absolutely - necessary. - - I remain, my dear Sir, - - Yours, &c. - B. CROCKER. - -{52} Carbonate of soda, one drachm; muriate of soda (or common salt, now -chloride of sodium), one drachm; oxymuriate of potash (now chlorate of -potash), six grains; mixed in a quart of water, heated exactly 110 -degrees by a thermometer. In cases where this remedy was resorted to, -from four to seven quarts were injected. - -{54} Some parishioners met in the Vestry-room, after the morning -service, and it was resolved, that, as the present Board of Health, being -only self-appointed, has not the power of making an order upon the parish -for any assistance, under the present distressing emergency, the chairman -be requested to write to the secretary of the Central Board, expressing -the earnest wish of the members of the Plympton St. Mary Board to be -legally constituted. - -{56} I wrote to the secretary of the Central Board of Health, Whitehall, -informing him that a Board of Health had been appointed in the parish, -and requesting, on the part of the Board, that the Board might -immediately receive the sanction of the Privy Council, in order to their -being enabled to exercise the requisite authority for endeavouring to -prevent the spreading of the cholera; at the same time, requesting to be -furnished with copies of the “Orders in Council.” - -{65} Providentially that person sustained no injury or inconvenience -from such a beautiful trait of a feeling heart; and it was not passed -over unrequited. - -{70a} A letter from the secretary of the Central Board was received, -enclosing an order of the Lords of the Privy Council, appointing a Board -of Health at Plympton St. Mary. Notice was given for a meeting of the -parishioners, on the 22nd. - -{70b} Board of Health, Plympton St. Mary, legally constituted August -18th, 1832:—George Strode, Esq., Newnham Park; Richard Rosdew, Esq., -Beechwood; Capt. Woollcombe, R.N., Hemerdon; Henry Hele Treby, Esq., -Goodamoor; George William Soltau, Esq., Efford; Augustus Granville -Stapleton, Esq., St. Mary’s Hill, Ridgeway; Rev. Edward Beauchamp St. -John, Underwood; Robert Langworthy, Esq.; Benjamin Crocker, Esq., Rose -Cottage, Ridgeway; Mr. Delville, Underwood; Mr. Pearse, Mr. Cork, Mr. -Day, Mr. Worth, Mr. Pollard, Mr. Hilson, Mr. Yolland, Mr. Willing, Mr. -Olver, Mr. Brewer; William I. Coppard, Chairman. - -{72} Mr. Richard Langworthy was at the time a student in medicine, and -came to assist his relation soon after the cholera began to spread at -Underwood. - -{83} According to notice, duly given, a meeting of the parishioners was -held on this day, in the Vestry-room, at the Church; present, Mr. Richard -Worth, Mr. Wm. Delville. “Resolved, That this meeting be adjourned from -the Vestry-room in the Church, to the Plymouth Inn, Ridgeway; some of the -Parishioners having objected to meet in the Vestry-room in the Church, or -in the room at the Workhouse, where vestry meetings have hitherto been -held, on account of apprehension of danger of infection from the -cholera.” The meeting was adjourned accordingly. - - WILLIAM I. COPPARD, Chairman. - - “An adjourned meeting of the parishioners was held on this day, at - the Plymouth Inn, Ridgeway; present, George Strode, Esq., William - Langmead, Esq., George William Soltau, Esq., B. Crocker, Esq., Mr. J. - Yolland, Mr. William Delville, Mr. Worth, Mr. Willing, Mr. Joseph - Pearse, Mr. Brewer. Resolved, That a Board of Health having been - regularly appointed in the parish, under the authority of the Lords - of H.M. most honourable Privy Council, in compliance with the - proposition of the Board, the sum of twenty pounds be paid to the - order of the chairman of the said Board, for the purpose of meeting - the present expenses of the Board.” - - WILLIAM I. COPPARD, Chairman. - -{85a} The clergyman of Plympton St. Maurice, having sickness in his -family, requested me to visit some of his parishioners whenever I had an -opportunity. - -{85b} Mr. Deeble Boger was present in several of the worst cases of -cholera, in the town of Plympton; and his benevolent and active exertions -contributed materially to mitigate the sufferings of the afflicted -people. - -{96} Susan Taylor subsequently married an honest and industrious -labourer. They have five young children, and are living at Underwood at -the present time. - -{103} Represented on the left hand of the foreground, in the woodcut. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK COTTAGE SCENES DURING THE CHOLERA*** - - -******* This file should be named 67063-0.txt or 67063-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/7/0/6/67063 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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