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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..273f39b --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #67132 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/67132) diff --git a/old/67132-0.txt b/old/67132-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 01e9422..0000000 --- a/old/67132-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1458 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Society for Superseding the Necessity -of Climbing Boys, by Encouraging a New Method of Sweeping Chimneys, by -Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Society for Superseding the Necessity of Climbing Boys, by - Encouraging a New Method of Sweeping Chimneys - Twenty-First Report, May 1, 1837 - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: January 9, 2022 [eBook #67132] - -Language: English - -Produced by: Thomas Frost and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team - at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from scans - of public domain works at The National Library of - Australia.) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING THE -NECESSITY OF CLIMBING BOYS, BY ENCOURAGING A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING -CHIMNEYS *** - - - - - - -SOCIETY - -FOR - -SUPERSEDING THE NECESSITY - -OF - -CLIMBING BOYS, - -BY ENCOURAGING - -A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING CHIMNEYS. - -INSTITUTED ON THE FOURTH OF FEBRUARY, 1803. - - -“Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.” - - - LONDON: - PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY, - BY A. MACINTOSH, 20, GREAT NEW STREET, FETTER LANE: - AND MAY BE HAD GRATIS OF THE HONORARY SECRETARY, - 1, NEW BRIDGE STREET. - 1837. - - - - -PATRON. - -THE KING. - - -PRESIDENT. - -The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Winchester. - - -VICE-PRESIDENTS. - - His Grace the Duke of BEDFORD, - His Grace the Duke of SUTHERLAND, - Marquis of WESTMINSTER, - Earl MORLEY, - Earl HARROWBY, - Earl SURREY, M.P., - Lord AUCKLAND, - Lord WILLOUGHBY DE ERESBY, - Sir THOMAS BARING, Bart., - MATTHEW WOOD, Esq., M.P., - FREDERICK WEBB, Esq. - - -TREASURER. - -WILLIAM TOOKE, Esq., M.P., F.R.S. - - -COMMITTEE. - - BURGESS, W. H., Esq. - CHIPPENDALE, JOHN, Esq., - FRANCIS, CHARLES, Esq., - GILLETT, GABRIEL, Esq., - HEISCH, P. J., Esq., - HUDSON, J. C., Esq., - LABOUCHERE, JOHN, Esq., - RICHARDSON, T., Esq., - SMITH, R., Esq., - SOPER, JAMES, Esq. - - -HONORARY SECRETARY. - -ROBERT STEVEN, Esq., 1, New Bridge-street. - - -COLLECTOR. - -Mr. HENRY CLEMSON, 7, Grange-road, Bermondsey. - - - - -THE - -TWENTY-FIRST REPORT - -OF THE - -SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING CLIMBING BOYS. - - -Your Committee has great pleasure in announcing that the present year -has been characterized by a degree of success more than equal to the -experience of any former years. - -The number of subscribers has fallen off, but Providence still -continues to smile upon the efforts that are made, and the richest -encouragement is afforded to those who feel for this branch of the -miseries of human nature. Before the short detail of proceedings is -entered upon, it may be well to give a brief outline of the Society’s -origin and objects, together with the grounds which led to the -establishment of the Association; many persons hearing of the subject -for the first time, by means of the Annual Report. - -The following are the reasons which induced its supporters to unite in -this work of mercy:-- - -1st. They ascertained by the examination of the children employed in -this trade, that unfair and dishonest means are always resorted to, to -obtain a supply of boys. That the season of probation, or “liking,” -as it is called, which precedes the binding of apprentices, is marked -by all that duplicity and misrepresentation can invent, to mislead -the children who are sent on trial; that little or no work is imposed -on them during that time; that every indulgence is granted that can -weigh with persons in that station of life; that they are petted in -the sitting room of the master, and fed in a comparatively sumptuous -way,--and hence arises the positive and unchangeable determination of -the child, to be a chimney-sweeper, and nothing else, when brought -before the magistrate to be bound. - -2dly. That grievous pain and sorrow are found invariably to attend the -after stages of this apprenticeship. - -3dly. That it is a business to which children ought not to be put, as -it affords no support after a boy has reached 15 or 16 years of age, at -the latest. - -4thly. That employing children in this trade, subjects them in -after-life to the disease lectured upon separately in the hospitals as -chimney-sweepers’ cancer, and which disease only befals those who are -thus employed. - -These grounds led to the formation of the Society. It was at first -supposed that it would only be necessary to offer a premium for the -production of a machine capable of sweeping, and that it would be -instantly adopted by the existing race of chimney-sweepers. - -With this impression, machines were given away on a large scale in all -directions, and everything avoided that could seem to interfere with -the members of the trade. This act of ill-directed liberality was met -by the most virulent hostility, and every machine thus put into the -hand of a common chimney-sweeper, was employed, as far as in him lay, -to destroy the object of the bestower: these heartless men, having at -once discovered that chimneys were so much better cleansed by this -means, that the sweeping would be wanted less frequently than if boys -were continued; and further, that if children were given up, men would -be required to work the machines, and this would break in upon the -masters’ profits. - -These assertions are proved by the fact of the chimney-sweepers having -combined to resist every attempt that has been made to introduce the -machines; and in the year 1834, when a Bill was sought for, they are -said to have expended 1,200_l._ upon counsel, Parliamentary agent, and -witnesses; and these witnesses evinced but little regard to truth. -This outlay of money was severely felt, and it was an expense the -trade would not have incurred to “protect their customers” alone. If -their object had been a straightforward one, they would have protested -against the adoption of the plan promoted by the Fire-offices; they -would have declared that, in THEIR opinion, it was the abandonment of a -safe method, and the adoption of a fanciful and dangerous substitute; -but they would not have _taxed themselves_ for a headstrong public. - -People are beginning to see this in its right light, and having -ascertained that the trade of the common chimney-sweeper is upheld -by deceit, these men are now met at every point with distrust and -suspicion. Necessity compelled your Committee to set up honest men to -work the machine fairly, and by this means a way is opened for the -total abolition of the revolting practice of employing children in -this business. The determination of the common chimney-sweepers above -alluded to, continues to the present hour in full force (see page 9); -and no man, during the last twenty years, has ever been found to use -the machine faithfully, if he retains a single child in his service for -the purpose of sweeping chimneys. - -Your Committee would now enumerate some of the transactions of the -year that is gone by. The first cheering result of their labours is -the having obtained the work at the India-House for your Agents. Many -attempts had been made to attain this object, but every previous -application to the inferiors in the establishment, had been met with -grave assurances of the utter impossibility of cleansing the majority -of the Company’s chimneys with a machine; and a mock trial of it was -got up. This year the subject was most favourably introduced to the -notice of the Directors by a benevolent and influential man, and -happily it was found in this, as in all other cases, that the defect -had been in the mind, and not in the machine. Encouraged by this -success, an application was made to Timothy Curtis, Esq., then the -Deputy Governor of the Bank, begging him to appoint Glass, one of your -Agents, as the chimney-sweeper to that establishment. In answer to -this, the Deputy Governor directed, in the handsomest manner possible, -and with a frankness which always characterizes his movements, that -an experiment should be made of the comparative efficiency of the two -systems, in the presence of the Clerk of the Works. The following is a -copy of his Report:-- - - “Bank of England, Dec. 31, 1836. - - “I, the undersigned, do hereby certify, that I received the orders of - the Deputy Governor of the Bank, to try the comparative efficiency - of sweeping chimneys by boys, and by Glass’s Machine; that such - experiment was made in the Bank, in my presence, by sweeping eleven - chimneys; that out of this number, five were swept by boys, and six - were swept by the machine; that the five swept by the boys were - afterwards swept by the machine, and the six swept by the machine, - were afterwards swept by the boys; and that the following is the - result:-- - - “Soot brought down by the boys, after six chimneys were considered - fairly swept by the machine, 19 quarts. Soot brought down by Glass’s - Machine out of five chimneys, after the boys had finished their - labours, 41 quarts and a half. - - (Signed,) “GEO. TOPPLE, - “Clerk of the Works.” - - -This, as may be supposed, led to the discharge of the then existing -chimney-sweeper, and the appointment of your Agent. - -Your Committee has great pleasure in stating, that the same Agent -is now employed at the Phœnix Fire-office, which is considered very -important. - -Repeated attempts had been made to gain this point, and the success in -this house neutralizes, in a great measure, the mischievous evidence -before the Lords’ Committee, which was given by the Manager of that -establishment. And your Committee has much satisfaction in stating, -that the machine was regularly employed in this Fire-office, for some -months before the lamented death of the gentleman alluded to. - -The following Fire-offices have promised to employ your different -Agents, in addition to those who have already certified to the -efficiency of the machine:-- - - Phœnix Fire-office,--Jenkin Jones, Esq., deceased. - West of England Fire-office,--Jas. Anderton, Esq. - York and North of England Fire-office,--Edmund Barlow, Esq. - The Licensed Victuallers Fire-office,--J. T. Clement, Esq. - The Scottish Union Fire-office,--F. G. Smith, Esq. - -Leaving “The Sun” as the only Fire-office in the city of London which -resists the light, and the only Fire-office which turns a deaf ear to -the cries of misery; and verily it is a proud and enviable distinction. - -Some years ago your machine was introduced into the Middlesex Hospital, -and your Committee has heard, within these few weeks, that the -Secretary of the Institution caused a quiet experiment to be made in -that house, after the Board had ordered the adoption of the machine. It -was so managed, that neither your Agent nor the old chimney-sweeper -knew that the two systems were to be compared, and it is stated by the -Secretary, that the chimneys were found so clean, that the boys were -literally unable to bring down any soot, after Day, another of the -Society’s Agents, had swept with the machine. - -Those who keep in mind the proceedings of the Society, will recollect -that a similar experiment was ordered publicly at St. George’s -Hospital, in 1830, the triumphant success of which, determined that -Board of Governors also to employ one of your Agents. - -This has of course been a constant mortification to Bentley, the -chimney-sweeper, who lost the work, and many stratagems have been -resorted to, to recover it again; and on the 15th of February last, -he induced an influential member of the Board to bring the subject -forward; when the following division took place among the Governors; - - For reinstating Bentley and his boys, with the clear - understanding that the machine is to be used when - _practicable_ 8 - - For Shepherd, your Agent, who had swept every - chimney in the house for years, without the help of - boys 7 - -Before this disastrous Resolution was confirmed in the next week, the -subject was rather better understood, and the division was-- - - For Shepherd, your Agent 12 - For Bentley, his boys, and his practicabilities 0 - -The only argument urged in the above case was, that Bentley took his -boys to church. This is a very stale argument of the Bentleys, both -father and son, and it would be difficult to prove what the fact has to -do with the matter in hand, or to reconcile it with the evidence which -was given by the elder Bentley upon oath before the Lords’ Committee in -1834. - - (Examined by his own Counsel.) - -“Were you present at any experiment that was tried at St. George’s -Hospital?” (in 1830.) - -“I certainly was.” - -“Have the goodness to state the result of that experiment?” - -“There were some machines appointed to be there, and I was appointed to -be there with some boys; they had, I believe, used machinery; but there -were not fair means resorted to.” - -“Will you tell the whole story?” - -“The very man who worked the machine for Mr. Glass has come forward and -stated his willingness to prove, that by order of Mr. Day he carried -some soot unfairly in his cloth: I was not aware that it did not come -down the chimney.” - -“Were you not sharp enough to see that?” - -“No; I had no such idea as that they would be guilty of such a thing.” - -“One-fifth more soot was brought down by the machine than by the boys?” - -“Yes; so they said.” - -“Do you mean to say, that the man who worked the machine acted -unfairly?” - -“Yes.” - -“Do you know where he got the soot?” - -“He brought it from one fire-place to another, that was not to be swept -after the machine.” - -“Have not your boys a desire to win, when they are brought for -experiments of that kind?” - -“Yes; but there were unfair means; which was quite a sufficient excuse -for them.” - -This is a most extraordinary testimony, and, if true, would show a -total abandonment of principle on the part of your Agents, and the -servants of the Hospital, and brings to mind the vulgar adage, “Surely -if the old woman had not hidden in the oven herself, she would never -have looked there for her daughter.” Probably Mr. Bentley is not at -church when that beautiful characteristic of Christianity is insisted -on in these words, “Charity thinketh no evil; and charity hopeth all -things.” - -By this allusion to the church, Mr. Bentley appears willing to work -upon the sympathies of the public, to a certain extent, so that it does -not interfere with his own purpose. - -It is deeply to be regretted that the energies of good people are -directed to “bettering the condition of these poor children,” as it -is called, when, by a little Christian co-operation, the employment -which gives them their singularity, and which is said to prevent -their mingling with other children, might be done away. The value of -religious instruction, and the imperative duty of all constantly to -attend the services of religion, are too self-evident to require an -enforcement here. But why those who are so kindly disposed, should -prefer ministering to these children in their wretchedness, to freeing -them from the wretchedness itself, is a mystery hard to be understood. - -Your Committee would state that the Agents of the Society are -exclusively employed in the houses of Fifteen Noblemen, and that the -Society is gaining most exceedingly upon the good opinion of the -community in general. - -A Resolution has passed the Town Council of Bath, ordaining that -the chimneys in all the houses belonging to that Corporation shall -in future be swept by machinery. The Mayor’s Lady writes:--“Finding -upon inquiry that here, as in Bristol, the machine keepers, though -professing to forego the use of boys, keep them, and most generally use -them, it occurred to me that we might have one of Glass’s Machines, and -establish it on our own terms. I am enabled to inform you, that the -machine has arrived, and answers very well. Not wishing to have one of -the chimney-sweeping fraternity, we have selected a respectable man, -who appears to manage the undertaking very well. He is already feeling -some of the trials of the business, in the persecuting spirit of the -chimney-sweepers; but having the Mayor of the city as his patron, we -hope we may proceed without much opposition.” - -Your Agents are constantly employed in One Hundred and Ten Government -and other Public Buildings, and in Eleven Banking Houses. - -Twenty-two Thousand One Hundred and Ninety-three chimneys have been -swept by your Agents in London and its immediate neighbourhood during -the past year. - -Machines have been purchased since the last Report by His Grace -the Duke of Leinster; the Earl of Cawdor; Lord Skelmersdale; Lord -Lynedoch; the Right Hon. B. Bathurst, Lydney Park. And by persons at -the following places--Bath, 2; Belfast, 1; Brighton, 4; Deptford, -1; Gloucester, 1; Greenwich, 1; Hounslow, 1; Ipswich, 1; London, 6; -Liverpool, 1; Margate, 1; March, 1; Northampton, 1; Newcastle-on-Tyne, -1; Stone, 1; Wellington, 1; Wisbeach, 1.--Total, 31. - -Thirteen soot doors have been put into Thirteen chimneys during the -past year, at an average expense of 14s. 7½d. each, to adapt these -ill-built chimneys to the use of the machine: this is all that is -required, and this alteration is the real amount of what is described -by the enemies of the cause as a most serious destruction of house -property, and involving an outlay of money, not for one moment to be -conceded. - -The foregoing has been selected from among the agreeable transactions -of the year. - -Your Committee would now draw your attention to a part of the painful -evidence which is forced upon them, of the utter impossibility of -regulating the trade aright, if children are to be at all employed in -it. - -The following details are selected from what has occurred since the -last Report:-- - -Peter Mollby of Kilkenny, stood charged with the murder of James Shea, -his apprentice, a child of ten years old. - -It appeared in evidence that the little creature had been treated with -such habitual cruelty and indifference as to cause his death, but no -one instance could be fixed upon as establishing the crime of actual -murder. - -The sentence was, therefore, “Manslaughter,” and Mollby was transported -for life. - -A case of revolting cruelty has been brought home to Needes, a -chimney-sweeper at Bath, who was convicted before the Mayor of such -grievous ill-treatment, as that wretched race of beings is alone -exposed to. The child was discovered lying in the street, with his head -so cut as to require surgical assistance, and he was proved by the -surgeon’s certificate to be too ill to leave the Hospital, when his -master was brought up. - -The next case is from Gloucester:-- - -On Thursday, the 27th of Oct., a chimney-sweeper, a diminutive child, -about ten years of age, was sent up a chimney at the Talbot Inn, at -nine o’clock in the morning, and for the purpose of lessening his size -to suit the dimensions of the flue, he was stripped entirely naked. -Having remained up the chimney for a very long time, it was thought -that he was continuing there unnecessarily, and from stubbornness, and -another lad was sent up to him; but he failed in bringing him down. -After a lapse of some hours, a cord was attached to the child’s legs, -and several vain attempts were made to drag him down by force. In this -experiment the cord was broken, and a stronger one was substituted, -with no better success. The humane party then obtained a large quantity -of brimstone matches--it is said three pennyworth, which were ignited, -and held burning up the flue. A ladder was next procured, reaching -to the top of the chimney, from whence several buckets of water were -poured down upon the poor little prisoner; and a pole was thrust down -to discover his position, with such force, that several lumps were -afterwards found upon the poor child’s head. - -These mild and gentle efforts were continued at intervals through the -day, till nine o’clock in the evening. - -By this time a large crowd had assembled in the neighbourhood, and -among the number were some more sensible and humane people than those -before alluded to, and they insisted that by opening the chimney an -attempt should be made to liberate the child, who it was feared might -be dead, as he had not been heard to speak for some time. Masons were -accordingly sent for, and about ten o’clock at night, the poor little -creature was found firmly jammed by the head and shoulders in the -brickwork of the chimney. - -Having been in such a situation, and subjected to such treatment as -this, and perfectly naked, for thirteen hours, it is needless to say -that he was in a most pitiable condition. - -He was washed in warm water, when several excoriations were discovered -on his back and shoulders, and the skin rubbed off his ears; his head -was also sadly bruised. After being taken home, a surgeon was sent -for, and, it is stated with surprise, that though very ill, his life -was not considered in danger. A vain attempt to rebut this account -was made by the son of the proprietor of the Talbot Inn, in a letter -to Wm. Bulphin, a chimney-sweeper of Bristol, which letter is only -worthy of notice as containing an unintentional comment on the oft-told -tale, that children are required for examining and repairing defects -in chimneys, and which was so pertinaciously insisted on in the -evidence before the Committee of the House of Lords in 1834: it is as -follows:--“The foreman says, had he gone up as he ought to have done, -with one arm up and the other down, no accident could have happened; -instead of which both arms were DOWN.” Every one must see the -utter impossibility of a boy doing any thing in a chimney in the way -of examination or repairs, in a space 9 inches square, or 9 by 14, and -when the utmost skill is required to enable him to slide up and to -slide down again. This accident has led to the benevolent formation of -an Auxiliary Society in Gloucester, that city having been anxious to -wipe away the disgrace occasioned by such a painful occurrence. - -In March last, a poor little chimney-sweeper had the following -providential escape, at the Luke’s Head, Mercer-street, Long Acre:--It -appears that the child had got into the chimney-pot to clean it, and -that his weight loosened the mortar by which it had been secured; and -the boy and the chimney-pot rolled down the roof of the house together. -Happily there was a sufficient height of parapet to save the child, and -he was taken up from the gutter, without any harm having befallen him. - -The most appalling feature connected with the subject of -chimney-sweeping is the frequency of the chimney-sweeper’s cancer. - -Immense pains are taken by the trade to conceal this grievous fact. -No chimney-sweeper has even seen a single instance of it. The idea of -such a calamity originates and ends in the clouded imaginations of your -Committee. - -It may be well, however, to say, that four cases occurred in one ward -of one hospital within eight months of the past year, and that three of -the cases were fatal. - -About this time another chimney-sweeper died of the same disease at -St. George’s Hospital. This was succeeded by the death of Price, a -chimney-sweeper, in Stafford’s-ward, at the Middlesex Hospital. - -A fresh case is now under the observation of one of your Committee, -which cancer has been upon the poor sufferer for thirteen years. He was -asked several questions, and particularly whether he had been kept very -dirty as a child. His answers were as follow:--“No children could be -kept cleaner.” “I believe it to arise from drawing in the soot with the -breath in foul chimneys, for no cap will keep it out.” “I have been in -great pain for years, but now it has quite mastered me.” “The surgeons -talk of the cutting business.” - -Another victim has also been seen this year by the same person in -a fifth hospital. This poor fellow has been afflicted three years. -Conversing with him on the unwillingness of the trade to work the -machine, it was said, “I believe the secret of the opposition arises -from its being so much easier to sit down and gossip with the servants -while the child is doing the work;” the poor fellow raised himself a -little from his bed, and exclaimed with great emphasis, “You have just -hit it, sir.” - -Since these men were seen, another poor creature has been visited at -his own house by one of your Society. He is a man of thirty years of -age, and has had this affliction upon him for five years, and it has -made such ravages upon his frame, as to prevent his ever obtaining an -easy position for a single moment, and he may be seen for hours in an -afternoon, walking up and down the miserable court in which he lives, -in perfect agony. He was urged to go into the hospital, and a ticket -was offered him, but the dread of the surgeon’s knife has hitherto -deterred him. - -About the middle of April inst., a poor chimney-sweeper came up twelve -miles from town to the Middlesex Hospital. He had suffered great pain -for two years, and it was feared that the disorder had too deep a hold -upon him to be ever removed, even if he had submitted to the awful -operation. The matter was fully explained to him. He was told that he -might remain as long as he pleased in the house; that the operation -would not be performed without his full consent; but the dread of -what he thought might possibly be done, induced him to leave all the -comforts by which he was surrounded, to die in all the wretchedness of -abject poverty. Making ten instances of this frightful disease that -have come to the knowledge of one member of your Committee in the year -ending with the 30th April, notwithstanding the incessant efforts of -the trade to conceal them. - -Sir Astley Cooper, in his evidence before the Committee of the House of -Lords, in 1834, declares--“I believe the disease is entirely the result -of the specific irritation of the soot;” and again, “I must have seen, -I think, more than 100 cases of it in my experience. I have seen three -or four cases in a year, and having been thirty-four years surgeon to -one of the hospitals, the calculation is easy, and I think I am not -exceeding the truth, in saying, a hundred examples of it.” A very large -proportion of the comparatively few persons engaged in this wretched -trade. - -Would that those who are so much amused with the Society’s efforts, -and who smile with so much self-satisfaction at the Society’s “busy -trifling,” could have gone the round of the cases above selected. - -It was, no doubt, highly amusing to see the poor creatures lying on the -bed of languishing. - -One was a young man of weak intellects, who had probably been an easy -prey to the vain promises held out to him in childhood, if he would be -a chimney-sweeper. It was an awful spectacle to see them motionless -in their beds, as the frightful disease was eating away their flesh, -because a British public cannot be induced to disturb themselves in a -matter “of such trifling importance.” - -Men say, “Am I to be vexed and harassed, as though the guilt -of upholding the old system rested wholly upon me, because I, -individually, refuse to be a convert?” How are the following words to -be understood?--“If any man see his brother have need, and shutteth up -his bowels of compassion from him, how dwelleth the love of God in him?” - -This sketch of the unavoidable misery connected with the trade is -calculated to awaken the attention of the public, and it is hoped that -it may call forth such contributions as are required to do away the -evil. If one surgeon, in one district, has had 100 of the cases under -his care, what would the experience of this city alone amount to? - -In asking for pecuniary aid, your Committee would be far from pressing -the subject upon those whose means are small; from such they only ask, -that the Society’s Agents may be employed exclusively in their houses, -for by this the cause of humanity will be materially served, without -any additional cost to themselves; and they are earnestly entreated to -recommend the same course to their friends. - -But an appeal of a very different kind is made to those who have ample -funds at their disposal, who are known to put aside large sums every -year for the purposes of Christian charity, but who have never made -this Society glad by their benevolence. There is no eclat connected -with this subject--but it is the ministering to the very humblest -class, who are visited in their filthy wretchedness and obscurity, with -a desire to free them from sorrows which are unknown to any other class -of the community. - -Too much cannot be said of the liberality of this country, and yet no -effort is made to support an Association which labours to free helpless -infancy from broken-hearted sorrow, and to protect mature age from a -disease generally fatal. - -The Society is literally dying for want of support; notwithstanding the -urgency of its claims, and the frequent appeals that have been made to -the public. - - - - -LIST OF CONTRIBUTIONS - -TO THE SOCIETY. - - - _Don._ _Subscrip._ - £. _s._ _d._ £. _s._ _d._ - - Ashley, Right Honourable - Lord (1837) 3 0 0 - Allen, William, Esq. 1 1 0 - Angerstein, Miss (1828) 10 0 0 3 0 0 - Ditto (1829) 10 0 0 - Ditto (1830) 10 0 0 - Ditto (1835) 30 0 0 - Ashby, ----, Esq. (1835) 2 0 0 - - Bedford, Duke of (1829) 21 0 0 - Bexley, Lord (1828) 5 0 0 - Backhouse, John (1835) 5 7 6 - Baker, Rev. Mr. 0 10 0 - Bagster and Thoms, - Messrs. (1828) 4 0 0 - Barnes, ----, Esq. 1 1 0 - Barrett, Jeremiah, Esq. 1 1 0 - Barrett, Richard, Esq. 1 1 0 - Batson, Robert, Esq. 1 0 0 - Bristol Association (1829) 5 0 0 - Brixton and Stockwell - Association (1831) 2 2 0 - Ditto (1833) 2 2 0 - Ditto (1834) 2 2 0 - Ditto (1835) 3 3 0 - Budworth, Rev. P. 5 5 0 - Burlingham, Mrs. (1835) 3 0 0 - Ditto (1837) 2 0 0 - Butt, Wm. Esq. (1830) 2 0 0 - Butlin, ----, Esq. (1835) 0 10 0 - Butlin, Mrs. (1835) 0 10 0 - - Cambridge, C. O. Esq. (1827) 2 0 0 - Ditto (1828) 10 10 0 - Ditto (1835) 5 0 0 - Ditto (1836) 5 0 0 - Capper, Jasper, Esq. 1 1 0 - Cator, John, Esq. (1828) 5 0 0 - Ditto (1831) 2 0 0 - Chippendale, J. Esq. 1 1 0 - Christian, H. C. Esq. 0 10 0 - Clapham Association (1829) 2 0 0 - Ditto (1830) 2 0 0 - Ditto (1832) 2 0 0 - Ditto (1835) 3 0 0 - Clarke, T. T. Esq. (1829) 10 10 0 1 1 0 - Cockle, Richard, Esq. (1834) 1 1 0 1 1 0 - Colfield, Rev. E. W. (1836) 0 10 0 - Conquest, Dr. 1 1 0 - Cropper, J. and E. (1834) 5 0 0 - - Dennington, ----, Esq. (1835) 0 10 0 - Dewer, D. A. B. Esq. (1829) 5 0 0 - Dickenson, John, Esq. - (before 1832) 15 0 0 - Domville, Wm. Esq. (1828) 5 0 0 - - Earl, Rev. J. H. (1832) 1 0 0 - Evesham Association (1829) 2 10 0 - - Farmer, Thomas, Esq. 1 1 0 - Fisher, J. S. (1835) 0 10 0 - Foster, E. Esq. 1 1 0 - Francis, Charles, Esq. 1 1 0 - Friends at Uxbridge (1829) 3 0 0 - - Gillett, G. Esq. 1 1 0 - Gillett, W. S. Esq. 1 1 0 - Gilpin, Rev. B. (1833) 1 0 0 - Goldsmid, J. L. Esq. 1 1 0 - Gurney, Samuel, Esq. 2 2 0 - - Hamilton, Lady Anne (1828) 5 0 0 - Hackney Association (1829) 3 3 0 - Ditto (1830) 3 3 0 - Hancock, Rev. Wm. (1828) 5 5 0 - Harris, Mrs. Lydia 1 1 0 - Heisch, P. J. Esq. 1 1 0 - Henderson, Rev. J. Rawlins - (1830) 10 10 0 - Hereford Association (1829) 5 0 0 - Hiort, J. W. Esq. (1828) 10 0 0 - Holland, Mrs. (1830) 5 0 0 - Ditto (1833) 5 0 0 - Ditto (1834) 20 0 0 1 0 0 - Horton, E. Esq. (1830) 1 1 0 - Howard, Robert, Esq. 1 1 0 - Howard, Mrs. 1 1 0 - - Kent, Her Royal Highness - the Duchess of (1832) 20 0 0 - Kenah, Col. (1836) 1 1 0 - - Lyttelton, Lord 2 2 0 - Labouchere, John, Esq. (1830) 10 10 0 - Legg, Hon. Henry 1 1 0 - Lister, J. J. Esq. 1 1 0 - Lyon, James, Esq. 1 1 0 - Liverpool Association (1835) 5 0 0 - - Morpeth, Lord (1831) 10 10 0 - Mayfield, ----, Esq. (1834) 1 0 0 - Marten, Frederick, Esq. 1 0 0 - Martin, John, Esq. M.P. - (1828) 5 0 0 - Minchin, Samuel, Esq. - (1829) 10 10 0 - Morland, Miss 1 1 0 - Monro, Rev. R. 0 10 0 - - Newport Association (1830) 5 0 0 - - P. A. (before 1828) 10 0 0 - John Parkinson, Esq. 0 10 6 - Mrs. John Parkinson 0 10 6 - Pascal, Miss 0 10 0 - Pentonville Association - (1834) 2 2 0 - Preston, Miss (1835) 5 0 0 - P. E. (1834-35) 2 0 0 - Phillips, Miss 1 1 0 - Phipps, Mrs. 2 2 0 - Platt, Rev. George (1837) 1 0 0 - Pownall, Henry, Esq. 1 1 0 - - Quilter, Rev. Mr. (1835) 5 2 6 - - Ramsden, R. Esq. (1835) 1 0 0 - Richardson, Thomas, Esq. - (1827) 5 0 0 - R. H. (1829) 10 0 0 - Romilly, Rev. J. 1 1 0 - Romilly, Miss 1 1 0 - Romilly, Miss Lucy 1 1 0 - - Sutherland, Duke of (1834) 50 0 0 - Surrey, Earl of 1 1 0 - Scott, John, Esq. (1829) 10 10 0 - Smith, R. Esq. 1 1 0 - Southampton Association - (1829) 3 12 6 - Stacy, George, Esq. 1 1 0 - Steven, Robert, Esq. (1837) 10 10 0 1 1 0 - Sutton, Lady (1836) 5 0 0 - - Tomkins, S. Esq. 1 1 0 - Tooke, W. Esq. (1830) 100 0 0 - Ditto (1836) 2 0 0 - Ditto (1837) 2 0 0 - Tottenham Association (1829) 8 0 0 - Tritton, E. M. Executors - of (1834) 5 0 0 - - Westminster, Marquis of 1 1 0 - Willoughby de Eresby, - Lord (1828) 5 0 0 - Ditto (1829) 50 0 0 - Ditto (1830) 40 0 0 - Ditto (1831) 40 0 0 - Ditto (1834) 20 0 0 - Winchester, Lord Bishop - of (1830) 10 0 0 1 1 0 - Wager, Tayler, Esq. 1 1 0 - Wareham Associatn. (1829) 2 0 0 - Wedgewood, Miss (1828) 10 0 0 - Ditto 10 0 0 - Ditto (1829) 9 2 0 - Ditto (1833) 5 5 0 - Wedgewood, Josh. Esq. (1834) 10 10 0 - Whieldon, Rev. E. (1830) 2 0 0 - Wilde, Mrs. 1 1 0 - Wilde, E. A. Esq. (1828) 10 10 0 - Wolferston, Mrs. 1 1 0 - Woods, S. Jun. Esq. (1837) 1 0 0 - - Young, G. A. Esq. (1834) 3 3 0 - Young, Mrs. G. F. (1834) 5 10 0 0 10 0 - - - - -SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING CLIMBING BOYS. - -CASH ACCOUNT. - -May 1st, 1837. - - - _Received._ £. _s._ _d._ - - Balance in favour of the Society, - May 1, 1836 71 16 4 - Donations and Subscriptions since - received 102 18 0 - One year’s Dividend on Mrs. Denyer’s - Legacy 6 0 0 - ------------- - £180 14 4 - ============= - - _Paid._ £. _s._ _d._ - - Advertising, Circulars, Stationery, - Postages, Porterage, &c. 26 2 5 - Allowance to Agents 26 0 0 - Machinery to ditto 32 15 0 - For Printing last Report, &c. 21 17 0 - Collector’s Poundage 4 5 5 - Expenses at the West-end of the - Town 18 17 6 - Expenses attending the different - Experiments to prove the superior - efficiency of the Machine 21 0 0 - Balance 29 17 0 - ------------- - £180 14 4 - ============= - - Balance in favour of the Society 29 17 0 - - - - -PROPOSED RULES FOR LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS. - - -I. - -That an Association be now formed for the __________ and its vicinity, -for Superseding the Use of Climbing Boys in Cleansing Chimneys. - - -II. - -That the Association be managed by a Committee of Ladies, assisted by -a few Gentlemen: and that all persons subscribing Five Shillings and -upwards, be members of the Association. - - -III. - -That the first object of the Association be, to divide the __________ -into Districts, and to circulate as much information on the subject as -possible, in such a manner as the Committee may deem most expedient; -and that Sub-Committees be formed, to carry the measures better into -effect. - - -IV. - -That the Committee endeavour to obtain the consent and signatures of -Housekeepers to have Machines only used in cleansing their Chimneys. - - -V. - -That __________ be appointed the Agent of the Association, and supplied -with the necessary Apparatus; and that employment be sought for the -boys, whose services may be no longer required by their masters. - - -VI. - -That application be made to the London Society, for purchasing such -Machines and other Apparatus as may be deemed requisite by the -Committee, and for any information on the subject. - - -VII. - -That the Committee meet once a month, or oftener, if necessary, and -that Five Members be empowered to act. And that a General Meeting of -the Subscribers be held once annually, on a day to be fixed by the -Committee. - - - - -CHIMNEY SWEEPING DESCRIBED. - - -[Illustration] - -A number of flues concentrated, forms a stack of chimneys, as -represented in the engraving. Flues, at a distance from the stack, are -conveyed to it either in a horizontal or sloping form, as at A and G. -The size of flues generally is nine inches by fourteen inches; a space -sufficiently large to convey the smoke, but not large enough to be -ascended, except by little children, for the purpose of cleansing them. - -The plan adopted by the climbing-boy to ascend chimneys is, by pressing -his feet, back, and knees against the sides of the flue, by which means -he propels or hitches himself up by degrees, having one arm above his -head, holding a brush, and the other arm by his side, as described in -B. At C the boy is represented as putting his brush out of the top of -the chimney-pot, but generally he rattles it with his brush, to satisfy -the parties below that he has been to the top. This accomplished, he -gradually slides down to the stove or grate. - -It has frequently occurred, that boys have, either through fear or -inattention, got into the form of nose and knees together, as described -at E; sometimes they remain in this cramped and painful position for -hours before they are liberated, being totally unable to extricate -themselves. - -Climbing-boys are exposed to considerable danger in horizontal or -angular flues, as at A. The reason is obvious; after passing through -the chimney and descending to the second angle from the fire place, the -boy finds it completely filled up with soot, which he has dislodged -from the sides of the upright part. He endeavours to pass by it, and -after much struggling, he succeeds till stopped by his shoulders; but -the soot is compressed so hard all around him, by his exertions, that -he cannot go back; he then endeavours to move forward, but his attempts -in this respect are often useless, for the covering of the horizontal -part of the flue being stone, the sharp angle of it bears hard on his -shoulders, as at H, and prevents him from moving in the least either -one way or the other. His face being covered with a climbing-cap, and -being completely enclosed in the soot beneath, his breath is stopped. -In this dreadful condition he struggles violently to extricate himself, -but his strength fails him, and in a few minutes he is gone for ever. - -Many instances have occurred of boys being thus suffocated in chimneys, -or burnt, or smothered in the rubbish, while attempting to core a -chimney; others have been killed by falling from the tops of chimneys. -Such accidents have happened in London, Edinburgh, Dublin, Waterford, -Wakefield, Newport Isle of Wight, Hereford, Preston, Dumfries, Dudley, -Deal, Keighley, Clapham, and Belfast; and many other cases may have -occurred without having come to the knowledge of the public. - -[Illustration] - -Some persons have an idea that a round brush will not sweep a square -flue, but in the annexed diagram, the diameter of the brush B B is -compared with the chimney A, which clearly shows that the whalebone of -which the brush is composed, is forced into every part of the flue, and -being repeatedly thrust up and down, must sweep it effectually. - -A bricklayer might here observe, “Admitting you can sweep chimneys -with the machine, how would you core them?” More effectually and with -greater facility than boys can possibly do it. Chimneys that are -straight, or nearly so, do not require coring, and the rubbish that -falls on the diagonal part of the flue, where the angles are obtuse, -can easily be dislodged by a stiff brush attached to the machine, and -introduced into the top of the chimney. At right angles, or when they -are nearly so, an opening should be left six or nine inches square -at the angle: and when the chimneys are finished, the core can be -extracted in five minutes, which a boy would not be able to accomplish -in several hours or days. It has frequently occurred, that a boy -could not succeed in clearing the chimney of the core, and an opening -has been made for that purpose at last. This plan was adopted with -success at Buckingham Palace, the London University, Post Office, St. -Martin’s-le-grand, and Fishmonger’s Hall. It is altogether unreasonable -to employ boys to core chimneys at the imminent danger of their lives, -when it can be so easily done as described, and at so much less expense. - -A builder might remark, “You have explained how you can core chimneys -without a climbing-boy, but how would you place a brick or stop a -crevice in any part of a flue, if required, without a climbing-boy?” On -the first appearance of smoke, I would advise that a carpenter should -remove the board that forms the plinth, and one or two flooring boards, -when the defect would at once be discovered. A bricklayer would soon -make it sound and secure; the boards and plinth might then be replaced, -and all would be safe, and no further annoyance experienced. - -A good machine, in the hands of a person who well understands the use -of it, will not meet with one chimney in a thousand that it cannot -effectually sweep. Several persons of this description, who have served -their time as chimney-sweepers, are employed in the use of the machine, -by the Agents of the Society for Superseding Climbing-boys. - - N.B. The provisions of the late “Chimney-sweepers Regulation Act” were - entirely against the opinion and advice of the above Society, and - the obnoxious clause, prohibiting chimney-sweepers from calling in - the streets, was inserted at the suggestion of the principal master - chimney-sweepers themselves. - - The Society will never be satisfied till the use of climbing-boys is - done away with altogether, being a cruel and unnecessary method. - - -PRICES OF MACHINERY, - -_Manufactured by Joseph Glass, No. 2, Moor-lane, Fore-street_. - - Cane Machines, with chimney - cloth complete:-- - - 40 feet in length £3 10 0 - 50 ditto ditto 4 0 0 - 60 ditto ditto 4 10 0 - 70 ditto ditto 5 0 0 - 80 ditto ditto 5 10 0 - - Ash or Crab Machines, on the same - principles, with chimney cloth - complete:-- - - 40 feet in length £2 5 0 - 50 ditto ditto 2 11 0 - 60 ditto ditto 2 17 0 - 70 ditto ditto 3 3 0 - 80 ditto ditto 3 8 0 - - If a Machine is required partly of Ash, and partly of Cane, the cost - will be in proportion to the number of joints of each used. - -N.B. The screws of all the joints of Glass’s Machine are stamped with -his name, to distinguish them from spurious ones. - - -AGENTS OF THE SOCIETY. - - Joseph Glass, 2, Moor-lane, Fore-street, Cripplegate. - Robert Day, 21, Newton-street, High Holborn. - Edward Raven, 64, Lant-street, Borough. - John Shepherd, 19, Kinnerton-street, Wilton-place, Knightsbridge. - - -The following form is recommended to those who may be disposed to -become Benefactors to this Society by Will:-- - -“_I give and bequeath unto_ A. B. _and_ C. D. _the sum of __________ to -be raised and paid out of my Personal Estate and Effects upon trust, to -the intent that they, or either of them, do pay the same to the -Treasurer for the time being of a Benevolent Society, which is now -called or commonly known by the name of ‘The Society for Superseding the -necessity of Climbing Boys,’ which sum I desire may be applied to the -purposes of that Society._” - - Ten Guineas constitutes a perpetual, and one Guinea an Annual Member. - Subscriptions and Donations are received by the Treasurer, W. Tooke, - Esq., 39, Bedford-row; the Honorary Secretary; Messrs. Hoare, - Fleet-street; Messrs. Williams and Co., Birchin-lane; and by the - Collector, Mr. H. Clemson, No. 7, Grange-road, Bermondsey. - - -Macintosh, Printer, 20, Great New-street, London. - - - - -Transcriber’s Note - - -In this file, text in _italics_ is indicated by underscores. - -Minor printer’s errors have been corrected by the transcriber; -otherwise, as far as possible, original spelling and punctuation have -been retained. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING THE -NECESSITY OF CLIMBING BOYS, BY ENCOURAGING A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING -CHIMNEYS *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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} - -/* Illustration classes */ -.illowp30 {width: 30%;} -.illowp50 {width: 50%;} -.x-ebookmaker .illowp50 {width: 100%;} -</style> -</head> -<body> -<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Society for Superseding the Necessity of Climbing Boys, by Encouraging a New Method of Sweeping Chimneys, by Anonymous</p> -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Society for Superseding the Necessity of Climbing Boys, by Encouraging a New Method of Sweeping Chimneys</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em;'>Twenty-First Report, May 1, 1837</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Anonymous</p> -<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: January 9, 2022 [eBook #67132]</p> -<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p> - <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: Thomas Frost and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from scans of public domain works at The National Library of Australia.)</p> -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING THE NECESSITY OF CLIMBING BOYS, BY ENCOURAGING A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING CHIMNEYS ***</div> - - - - - - -<h1><span class="p180">SOCIETY</span><br /> - -<span class="p100">FOR</span><br /> - -<span class="p150">SUPERSEDING THE NECESSITY</span><br /> - -<span class="p100">OF</span><br /> - -<span class="p200">CLIMBING BOYS,</span><br /> - -BY ENCOURAGING<br /> - -<span class="p130">A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING CHIMNEYS.</span></h1> - - - -<p class="center p3 mb3"><b>INSTITUTED ON THE FOURTH OF FEBRUARY, 1803.</b></p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<p class="center p80"><b>“Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy.”</b></p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<p class="center p4"><span class="p105"><b>LONDON:</b></span><br /> -<span class="p110"><b>PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY,</b></span><br /> -<span class="p90"><b>BY A. MACINTOSH, 20, GREAT NEW STREET, FETTER LANE:</b></span><br /> -<b>AND MAY BE HAD GRATIS OF THE HONORARY SECRETARY,<br /> -1, NEW BRIDGE STREET.</b><br /> -<span class="p105"><b>1837.</b></span> -</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="center">PATRON.</p> -</div> - -<p class="p125 center">THE KING.</p> - - -<hr class="r5" /> - - -<p class="center">PRESIDENT.</p> - -<p class="center">The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Winchester.</p> - - -<p class="center p2">VICE-PRESIDENTS.</p> - -<table> -<col style="width: 50%" /> -<col style="width: 50%" /> - -<tr> -<td>His Grace the Duke of <span class="smcap">Bedford</span>,</td> -<td>Earl <span class="smcap">Surrey</span>, M.P.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>His Grace the Duke of <span class="smcap">Sutherland</span>,</td> -<td>Lord <span class="smcap">Auckland</span>,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Marquis of <span class="smcap">Westminster</span>,</td> -<td>Sir <span class="smcap">Thomas Baring</span>,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Earl <span class="smcap">Morley</span>,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Matthew Wood</span>, Esq., M.P.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Earl <span class="smcap">Harrowby</span>,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Frederick Webb</span>, Esq.</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>Lord <span class="smcap">Willoughby de Eresby</span>, Bart.,</td> -<td></td> -</tr> -</table> - - - -<p class="center p2">TREASURER.</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">William Tooke</span>, Esq., M.P., F.R.S.</p> - - -<p class="center p2">COMMITTEE.</p> - -<table> - -<col style="width: 50%" /> -<col style="width: 50%" /> - -<tr> -<td><span class="smcap">Burgess, W. H.</span>, Esq.</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Hudson, J. C.</span>, Esq.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><span class="smcap">Chippendale, John</span>, Esq.,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Labouchere, John</span>, Esq.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><span class="smcap">Francis, Charles</span>, Esq.,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Richardson, T.</span>, Esq.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><span class="smcap">Gillett, Gabriel</span>, Esq.,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Smith, R.</span>, Esq.,</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td><span class="smcap">Heisch, P. J.</span>, Esq.,</td> -<td><span class="smcap">Soper, James</span>, Esq.</td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<p class="center p2">HONORARY SECRETARY.</p> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Robert Steven</span>, Esq., 1, New Bridge-street.</p> - - -<p class="center p2">COLLECTOR.</p> - -<p class="center">Mr. <span class="smcap">Henry Clemson</span>, 7, Grange-road, Bermondsey.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak">THE<br /> -<span class="p150">TWENTY-FIRST REPORT</span><br /> -OF THE<br /> -<span class="p130">SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING CLIMBING BOYS.</span></h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<p><span class="smcap">Your</span> Committee has great pleasure in announcing that the -present year has been characterized by a degree of success more -than equal to the experience of any former years.</p> - -<p>The number of subscribers has fallen off, but Providence still -continues to smile upon the efforts that are made, and the richest -encouragement is afforded to those who feel for this branch of -the miseries of human nature. Before the short detail of proceedings -is entered upon, it may be well to give a brief outline of -the Society’s origin and objects, together with the grounds which -led to the establishment of the Association; many persons -hearing of the subject for the first time, by means of the Annual -Report.</p> - -<p>The following are the reasons which induced its supporters to -unite in this work of mercy:—</p> - -<p>1st. They ascertained by the examination of the children -employed in this trade, that unfair and dishonest means are -always resorted to, to obtain a supply of boys. That the season -of probation, or “liking,” as it is called, which precedes the -binding of apprentices, is marked by all that duplicity and misrepresentation -can invent, to mislead the children who are sent -on trial; that little or no work is imposed on them during that -time; that every indulgence is granted that can weigh with -persons in that station of life; that they are petted in the sitting -room of the master, and fed in a comparatively sumptuous way,—and -hence arises the positive and unchangeable determination of -the child, to be a chimney-sweeper, and nothing else, when -brought before the magistrate to be bound.</p> - -<p>2dly. That grievous pain and sorrow are found invariably to -attend the after stages of this apprenticeship.</p> - -<p>3dly. That it is a business to which children ought not to be -put, as it affords no support after a boy has reached 15 or 16 -years of age, at the latest.</p> - -<p>4thly. That employing children in this trade, subjects them in -after-life to the disease lectured upon separately in the hospitals -as chimney-sweepers’ cancer, and which disease only befals those -who are thus employed.</p> - -<p>These grounds led to the formation of the Society. It was at -first supposed that it would only be necessary to offer a premium -for the production of a machine capable of sweeping, and that it -would be instantly adopted by the existing race of chimney-sweepers.</p> - -<p>With this impression, machines were given away on a large -scale in all directions, and everything avoided that could seem to -interfere with the members of the trade. This act of ill-directed -liberality was met by the most virulent hostility, and every -machine thus put into the hand of a common chimney-sweeper, -was employed, as far as in him lay, to destroy the object of the -bestower: these heartless men, having at once discovered that -chimneys were so much better cleansed by this means, that the -sweeping would be wanted less frequently than if boys were -continued; and further, that if children were given up, men -would be required to work the machines, and this would break in -upon the masters’ profits.</p> - -<p>These assertions are proved by the fact of the chimney-sweepers -having combined to resist every attempt that has been -made to introduce the machines; and in the year 1834, when a -Bill was sought for, they are said to have expended 1,200<i>l.</i> upon -counsel, Parliamentary agent, and witnesses; and these witnesses -evinced but little regard to truth. This outlay of money was -severely felt, and it was an expense the trade would not have -incurred to “protect their customers” alone. If their object had -been a straightforward one, they would have protested against -the adoption of the plan promoted by the Fire-offices; they -would have declared that, in <span class="allsmcap">THEIR</span> opinion, it was the abandonment -of a safe method, and the adoption of a fanciful and -dangerous substitute; but they would not have <i>taxed themselves</i> -for a headstrong public.</p> - -<p>People are beginning to see this in its right light, and having -ascertained that the trade of the common chimney-sweeper is -upheld by deceit, these men are now met at every point with -distrust and suspicion. Necessity compelled your Committee to -set up honest men to work the machine fairly, and by this -means a way is opened for the total abolition of the revolting -practice of employing children in this business. The determination -of the common chimney-sweepers above alluded to, continues -to the present hour in full force (see page 9); and no man, -during the last twenty years, has ever been found to use the -machine faithfully, if he retains a single child in his service for -the purpose of sweeping chimneys.</p> - -<p>Your Committee would now enumerate some of the transactions -of the year that is gone by. The first cheering result of -their labours is the having obtained the work at the India-House -for your Agents. Many attempts had been made to attain this -object, but every previous application to the inferiors in the -establishment, had been met with grave assurances of the utter -impossibility of cleansing the majority of the Company’s chimneys -with a machine; and a mock trial of it was got up. This year -the subject was most favourably introduced to the notice of the -Directors by a benevolent and influential man, and happily it -was found in this, as in all other cases, that the defect had been -in the mind, and not in the machine. Encouraged by this -success, an application was made to Timothy Curtis, Esq., then -the Deputy Governor of the Bank, begging him to appoint Glass, -one of your Agents, as the chimney-sweeper to that establishment. -In answer to this, the Deputy Governor directed, in the -handsomest manner possible, and with a frankness which always -characterizes his movements, that an experiment should be made -of the comparative efficiency of the two systems, in the presence -of the Clerk of the Works. The following is a copy of his -Report:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p class="right mr5"> -“Bank of England, Dec. 31, 1836.<br /> -</p> - -<p>“I, the undersigned, do hereby certify, that I received the -orders of the Deputy Governor of the Bank, to try the comparative -efficiency of sweeping chimneys by boys, and by Glass’s Machine; -that such experiment was made in the Bank, in my presence, by -sweeping eleven chimneys; that out of this number, five were -swept by boys, and six were swept by the machine; that the five -swept by the boys were afterwards swept by the machine, and -the six swept by the machine, were afterwards swept by the -boys; and that the following is the result:—</p> - -<p>“Soot brought down by the boys, after six chimneys were -considered fairly swept by the machine, 19 quarts. Soot brought -down by Glass’s Machine out of five chimneys, after the boys had -finished their labours, 41 quarts and a half.</p> - -<p class="right mr10 mb0"> -(Signed,) -“<span class="smcap">Geo. Topple</span>,</p> - -<p class="right mr5 p0">“Clerk of the Works.”</p> -</div> - -<p>This, as may be supposed, led to the discharge of the then -existing chimney-sweeper, and the appointment of your Agent.</p> - -<p>Your Committee has great pleasure in stating, that the same -Agent is now employed at the Phœnix Fire-office, which is -considered very important.</p> - -<p>Repeated attempts had been made to gain this point, and the -success in this house neutralizes, in a great measure, the mischievous -evidence before the Lords’ Committee, which was given -by the Manager of that establishment. And your Committee -has much satisfaction in stating, that the machine was regularly -employed in this Fire-office, for some months before the lamented -death of the gentleman alluded to.</p> - -<p>The following Fire-offices have promised to employ your -different Agents, in addition to those who have already certified -to the efficiency of the machine:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p> -Phœnix Fire-office,—Jenkin Jones, Esq., deceased.<br /> -West of England Fire-office,—Jas. Anderton, Esq.<br /> -York and North of England Fire-office,—Edmund Barlow, Esq.<br /> -The Licensed Victuallers Fire-office,—J. T. Clement, Esq.<br /> -The Scottish Union Fire-office,—F. G. Smith, Esq.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p>Leaving “The Sun” as the only Fire-office in the city of -London which resists the light, and the only Fire-office which -turns a deaf ear to the cries of misery; and verily it is a proud -and enviable distinction.</p> - -<p>Some years ago your machine was introduced into the -Middlesex Hospital, and your Committee has heard, within -these few weeks, that the Secretary of the Institution caused a -quiet experiment to be made in that house, after the Board had -ordered the adoption of the machine. It was so managed, that -neither your Agent nor the old chimney-sweeper knew that the -two systems were to be compared, and it is stated by the -Secretary, that the chimneys were found so clean, that the boys -were literally unable to bring down any soot, after Day, another -of the Society’s Agents, had swept with the machine.</p> - -<p>Those who keep in mind the proceedings of the Society, will -recollect that a similar experiment was ordered publicly at -St. George’s Hospital, in 1830, the triumphant success of which, -determined that Board of Governors also to employ one of your -Agents.</p> - -<p>This has of course been a constant mortification to Bentley, -the chimney-sweeper, who lost the work, and many stratagems -have been resorted to, to recover it again; and on the 15th of -February last, he induced an influential member of the Board to -bring the subject forward; when the following division took place -among the Governors;</p> - -<table style="width:80%"> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For reinstating Bentley and his boys, with the clear understanding that the machine is to be used when <i>practicable</i></td> -<td class="tdr tdb">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For Shepherd, your Agent, who had swept every chimney in the house for years, without the help of boys</td> -<td class="tdr tdb">7</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>Before this disastrous Resolution was confirmed in the next -week, the subject was rather better understood, and the division -was—</p> - -<table style="width:80%"> -<tr> -<td>For Shepherd, your Agent</td> <td class="tdr tdb">12</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td>For Bentley, his boys, and his practicabilities</td> -<td class="tdr tdb">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>The only argument urged in the above case was, that Bentley -took his boys to church. This is a very stale argument of the -Bentleys, both father and son, and it would be difficult to prove -what the fact has to do with the matter in hand, or to reconcile it -with the evidence which was given by the elder Bentley upon -oath before the Lords’ Committee in 1834.</p> - -<p> -(Examined by his own Counsel.)<br /> -</p> - -<p>“Were you present at any experiment that was tried at St. -George’s Hospital?” (in 1830.)</p> - -<p>“I certainly was.”</p> - -<p>“Have the goodness to state the result of that experiment?”</p> - -<p>“There were some machines appointed to be there, and I was -appointed to be there with some boys; they had, I believe, used -machinery; but there were not fair means resorted to.”</p> - -<p>“Will you tell the whole story?”</p> - -<p>“The very man who worked the machine for Mr. Glass has -come forward and stated his willingness to prove, that by order -of Mr. Day he carried some soot unfairly in his cloth: I was not -aware that it did not come down the chimney.”</p> - -<p>“Were you not sharp enough to see that?”</p> - -<p>“No; I had no such idea as that they would be guilty of such -a thing.”</p> - -<p>“One-fifth more soot was brought down by the machine than -by the boys?”</p> - -<p>“Yes; so they said.”</p> - -<p>“Do you mean to say, that the man who worked the machine -acted unfairly?”</p> - -<p>“Yes.”</p> - -<p>“Do you know where he got the soot?”</p> - -<p>“He brought it from one fire-place to another, that was not to -be swept after the machine.”</p> - -<p>“Have not your boys a desire to win, when they are brought -for experiments of that kind?”</p> - -<p>“Yes; but there were unfair means; which was quite a sufficient -excuse for them.”</p> - -<p>This is a most extraordinary testimony, and, if true, would -show a total abandonment of principle on the part of your -Agents, and the servants of the Hospital, and brings to mind the -vulgar adage, “Surely if the old woman had not hidden in the oven -herself, she would never have looked there for her daughter.” -Probably Mr. Bentley is not at church when that beautiful -characteristic of Christianity is insisted on in these words, -“Charity thinketh no evil; and charity hopeth all things.”</p> - -<p>By this allusion to the church, Mr. Bentley appears willing -to work upon the sympathies of the public, to a certain extent, -so that it does not interfere with his own purpose.</p> - -<p>It is deeply to be regretted that the energies of good people -are directed to “bettering the condition of these poor children,” -as it is called, when, by a little Christian co-operation, the employment -which gives them their singularity, and which is said to -prevent their mingling with other children, might be done away. -The value of religious instruction, and the imperative duty of all -constantly to attend the services of religion, are too self-evident -to require an enforcement here. But why those who are so kindly -disposed, should prefer ministering to these children in their -wretchedness, to freeing them from the wretchedness itself, is a -mystery hard to be understood.</p> - -<p>Your Committee would state that the Agents of the Society -are exclusively employed in the houses of Fifteen Noblemen, -and that the Society is gaining most exceedingly upon the good -opinion of the community in general.</p> - -<p>A Resolution has passed the Town Council of Bath, ordaining -that the chimneys in all the houses belonging to that Corporation -shall in future be swept by machinery. The Mayor’s Lady -writes:—“Finding upon inquiry that here, as in Bristol, the -machine keepers, though professing to forego the use of boys, -keep them, and most generally use them, it occurred to me that -we might have one of Glass’s Machines, and establish it on our -own terms. I am enabled to inform you, that the machine has -arrived, and answers very well. Not wishing to have one of the -chimney-sweeping fraternity, we have selected a respectable man, -who appears to manage the undertaking very well. He is already -feeling some of the trials of the business, in the persecuting spirit -of the chimney-sweepers; but having the Mayor of the city as his -patron, we hope we may proceed without much opposition.”</p> - -<p>Your Agents are constantly employed in One Hundred and -Ten Government and other Public Buildings, and in Eleven -Banking Houses.</p> - -<p>Twenty-two Thousand One Hundred and Ninety-three -chimneys have been swept by your Agents in London and its -immediate neighbourhood during the past year.</p> - -<p>Machines have been purchased since the last Report by His -Grace the Duke of Leinster; the Earl of Cawdor; Lord Skelmersdale; -Lord Lynedoch; the Right Hon. B. Bathurst, Lydney -Park. And by persons at the following places—Bath, 2; -Belfast, 1; Brighton, 4; Deptford, 1; Gloucester, 1; Greenwich, -1; Hounslow, 1; Ipswich, 1; London, 6; Liverpool, 1; -Margate, 1; March, 1; Northampton, 1; Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1; -Stone, 1; Wellington, 1; Wisbeach, 1.—Total, 31.</p> - -<p>Thirteen soot doors have been put into Thirteen chimneys during -the past year, at an average expense of 14s. 7-1/2d. each, to adapt -these ill-built chimneys to the use of the machine: this is all that -is required, and this alteration is the real amount of what is -described by the enemies of the cause as a most serious destruction -of house property, and involving an outlay of money, not for -one moment to be conceded.</p> - -<p>The foregoing has been selected from among the agreeable -transactions of the year.</p> - -<p>Your Committee would now draw your attention to a part of -the painful evidence which is forced upon them, of the utter -impossibility of regulating the trade aright, if children are to be -at all employed in it.</p> - -<p>The following details are selected from what has occurred since -the last Report:—</p> - -<p>Peter Mollby of Kilkenny, stood charged with the murder of -James Shea, his apprentice, a child of ten years old.</p> - -<p>It appeared in evidence that the little creature had been treated -with such habitual cruelty and indifference as to cause his death, -but no one instance could be fixed upon as establishing the crime -of actual murder.</p> - -<p>The sentence was, therefore, “Manslaughter,” and Mollby was -transported for life.</p> - -<p>A case of revolting cruelty has been brought home to Needes, -a chimney-sweeper at Bath, who was convicted before the Mayor -of such grievous ill-treatment, as that wretched race of beings is -alone exposed to. The child was discovered lying in the street, -with his head so cut as to require surgical assistance, and he -was proved by the surgeon’s certificate to be too ill to leave the -Hospital, when his master was brought up.</p> - -<p>The next case is from Gloucester:—</p> - -<p>On Thursday, the 27th of Oct., a chimney-sweeper, a diminutive -child, about ten years of age, was sent up a chimney at the -Talbot Inn, at nine o’clock in the morning, and for the purpose -of lessening his size to suit the dimensions of the flue, he was -stripped entirely naked. Having remained up the chimney for a -very long time, it was thought that he was continuing there unnecessarily, -and from stubbornness, and another lad was sent up to -him; but he failed in bringing him down. After a lapse of some -hours, a cord was attached to the child’s legs, and several vain -attempts were made to drag him down by force. In this experiment -the cord was broken, and a stronger one was substituted, -with no better success. The humane party then obtained a large -quantity of brimstone matches—it is said three pennyworth, -which were ignited, and held burning up the flue. A ladder was -next procured, reaching to the top of the chimney, from whence -several buckets of water were poured down upon the poor little -prisoner; and a pole was thrust down to discover his position, -with such force, that several lumps were afterwards found upon -the poor child’s head.</p> - -<p>These mild and gentle efforts were continued at intervals -through the day, till nine o’clock in the evening.</p> - -<p>By this time a large crowd had assembled in the neighbourhood, -and among the number were some more sensible and -humane people than those before alluded to, and they insisted -that by opening the chimney an attempt should be made to -liberate the child, who it was feared might be dead, as he had not -been heard to speak for some time. Masons were accordingly -sent for, and about ten o’clock at night, the poor little creature -was found firmly jammed by the head and shoulders in the brickwork -of the chimney.</p> - -<p>Having been in such a situation, and subjected to such treatment -as this, and perfectly naked, for thirteen hours, it is needless -to say that he was in a most pitiable condition.</p> - -<p>He was washed in warm water, when several excoriations were -discovered on his back and shoulders, and the skin rubbed off his -ears; his head was also sadly bruised. After being taken home, -a surgeon was sent for, and, it is stated with surprise, that though -very ill, his life was not considered in danger. A vain attempt -to rebut this account was made by the son of the proprietor of -the Talbot Inn, in a letter to Wm. Bulphin, a chimney-sweeper -of Bristol, which letter is only worthy of notice as containing an -unintentional comment on the oft-told tale, that children are -required for examining and repairing defects in chimneys, and -which was so pertinaciously insisted on in the evidence before -the Committee of the House of Lords in 1834: it is as follows:—“The -foreman says, had he gone up as he ought to have done, -with one arm up and the other down, no accident could have -happened; instead of which both arms were <span class="allsmcap">DOWN</span>.” Every one -must see the utter impossibility of a boy doing any thing in a -chimney in the way of examination or repairs, in a space 9 inches -square, or 9 by 14, and when the utmost skill is required to -enable him to slide up and to slide down again. This accident -has led to the benevolent formation of an Auxiliary Society in -Gloucester, that city having been anxious to wipe away the -disgrace occasioned by such a painful occurrence.</p> - -<p>In March last, a poor little chimney-sweeper had the following -providential escape, at the Luke’s Head, Mercer-street, Long -Acre:—It appears that the child had got into the chimney-pot -to clean it, and that his weight loosened the mortar by which it -had been secured; and the boy and the chimney-pot rolled down -the roof of the house together. Happily there was a sufficient -height of parapet to save the child, and he was taken up from -the gutter, without any harm having befallen him.</p> - -<p>The most appalling feature connected with the subject of -chimney-sweeping is the frequency of the chimney-sweeper’s -cancer.</p> - -<p>Immense pains are taken by the trade to conceal this grievous -fact. No chimney-sweeper has even seen a single instance of it. -The idea of such a calamity originates and ends in the clouded -imaginations of your Committee.</p> - -<p>It may be well, however, to say, that four cases occurred in -one ward of one hospital within eight months of the past year, -and that three of the cases were fatal.</p> - -<p>About this time another chimney-sweeper died of the same -disease at St. George’s Hospital. This was succeeded by the -death of Price, a chimney-sweeper, in Stafford’s-ward, at the -Middlesex Hospital.</p> - -<p>A fresh case is now under the observation of one of your -Committee, which cancer has been upon the poor sufferer for -thirteen years. He was asked several questions, and particularly -whether he had been kept very dirty as a child. His answers -were as follow:—“No children could be kept cleaner.” “I -believe it to arise from drawing in the soot with the breath in -foul chimneys, for no cap will keep it out.” “I have been in -great pain for years, but now it has quite mastered me.” “The -surgeons talk of the cutting business.”</p> - -<p>Another victim has also been seen this year by the same -person in a fifth hospital. This poor fellow has been afflicted -three years. Conversing with him on the unwillingness of the -trade to work the machine, it was said, “I believe the secret -of the opposition arises from its being so much easier to sit -down and gossip with the servants while the child is doing the -work;” the poor fellow raised himself a little from his bed, and -exclaimed with great emphasis, “You have just hit it, sir.”</p> - -<p>Since these men were seen, another poor creature has been -visited at his own house by one of your Society. He is a man -of thirty years of age, and has had this affliction upon him for -five years, and it has made such ravages upon his frame, as -to prevent his ever obtaining an easy position for a single -moment, and he may be seen for hours in an afternoon, walking up -and down the miserable court in which he lives, in perfect agony. -He was urged to go into the hospital, and a ticket was offered -him, but the dread of the surgeon’s knife has hitherto deterred -him.</p> - -<p>About the middle of April inst., a poor chimney-sweeper came -up twelve miles from town to the Middlesex Hospital. He had -suffered great pain for two years, and it was feared that the -disorder had too deep a hold upon him to be ever removed, even -if he had submitted to the awful operation. The matter was -fully explained to him. He was told that he might remain as -long as he pleased in the house; that the operation would not be -performed without his full consent; but the dread of what he -thought might possibly be done, induced him to leave all the -comforts by which he was surrounded, to die in all the wretchedness -of abject poverty. Making ten instances of this frightful -disease that have come to the knowledge of one member of your -Committee in the year ending with the 30th April, notwithstanding -the incessant efforts of the trade to conceal them.</p> - -<p>Sir Astley Cooper, in his evidence before the Committee of -the House of Lords, in 1834, declares—“I believe the disease -is entirely the result of the specific irritation of the soot;” and -again, “I must have seen, I think, more than 100 cases of it in -my experience. I have seen three or four cases in a year, and -having been thirty-four years surgeon to one of the hospitals, the -calculation is easy, and I think I am not exceeding the truth, in -saying, a hundred examples of it.” A very large proportion of -the comparatively few persons engaged in this wretched trade.</p> - -<p>Would that those who are so much amused with the Society’s -efforts, and who smile with so much self-satisfaction at the -Society’s “busy trifling,” could have gone the round of the -cases above selected.</p> - -<p>It was, no doubt, highly amusing to see the poor creatures -lying on the bed of languishing.</p> - -<p>One was a young man of weak intellects, who had probably -been an easy prey to the vain promises held out to him in childhood, -if he would be a chimney-sweeper. It was an awful -spectacle to see them motionless in their beds, as the frightful -disease was eating away their flesh, because a British public -cannot be induced to disturb themselves in a matter “of such -trifling importance.”</p> - -<p>Men say, “Am I to be vexed and harassed, as though the -guilt of upholding the old system rested wholly upon me, because -I, individually, refuse to be a convert?” How are the following -words to be understood?—“If any man see his brother have -need, and shutteth up his bowels of compassion from him, how -dwelleth the love of God in him?”</p> - -<p>This sketch of the unavoidable misery connected with the -trade is calculated to awaken the attention of the public, and it is -hoped that it may call forth such contributions as are required to -do away the evil. If one surgeon, in one district, has had -100 of the cases under his care, what would the experience of -this city alone amount to?</p> - -<p>In asking for pecuniary aid, your Committee would be far from -pressing the subject upon those whose means are small; from -such they only ask, that the Society’s Agents may be employed -exclusively in their houses, for by this the cause of humanity will -be materially served, without any additional cost to themselves; -and they are earnestly entreated to recommend the same course -to their friends.</p> - -<p>But an appeal of a very different kind is made to those who -have ample funds at their disposal, who are known to put aside -large sums every year for the purposes of Christian charity, but -who have never made this Society glad by their benevolence. -There is no eclat connected with this subject—but it is the -ministering to the very humblest class, who are visited in their -filthy wretchedness and obscurity, with a desire to free them from -sorrows which are unknown to any other class of the community.</p> - -<p>Too much cannot be said of the liberality of this country, and -yet no effort is made to support an Association which labours to -free helpless infancy from broken-hearted sorrow, and to protect -mature age from a disease generally fatal.</p> - -<p>The Society is literally dying for want of support; notwithstanding -the urgency of its claims, and the frequent appeals that -have been made to the public.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak"><span class="p150">LIST OF CONTRIBUTIONS</span><br /> -<span class="p110">TO THE SOCIETY.</span></h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<table class="autotable" summary=""> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td colspan="3"><i>Don.</i></td> - -<td colspan="3"><i>Subscrip.</i></td> - -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td>£.</td> -<td><i>s.</i></td> -<td><i>d.</i></td> -<td>£.</td> -<td><i>s.</i></td> -<td><i>d.</i></td> -</tr> - - - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Ashley</span>, Right Honourable Lord</td> -<td>(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Allen, William, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Angerstein, Miss</td> -<td>(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td>(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td>(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td>(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl"> 30</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Ashby, ——, Esq.</td> -<td>(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Bedford</span>, Duke of</td> -<td>(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">21</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Bexley, Lord</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Backhouse, John</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">7</td> -<td class="tdl">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Baker, Rev. Mr.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Bagster and Thoms, Messrs.</td> -<td>(1828)</td> -<td>4</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Barnes, ——, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Barrett, Jeremiah, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Barrett, Richard, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Batson, Robert, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Bristol Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Brixton and Stockwell Association</td> -<td>(1831)</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1833)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Budworth, Rev. P.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Burlingham, Mrs.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Butt, Wm. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Butlin, ——, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Butlin, Mrs.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Cambridge</span>, C. O. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1827)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1836)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Capper, Jasper, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Cator, John, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1831)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Chippendale, J. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Christian, H. C. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Clapham Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1832)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Clarke, T. T. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Cockle, Richard, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Colfield, Rev. E. W.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1836)</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Conquest, Dr.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Cropper, J. and E.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Dennington</span>, ——, Esq.</td> -<td>(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Dewer, D. A. B. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Dickenson, John, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(before 1832)</td> -<td>15</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Domville, Wm. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Earl</span>, Rev. J. H.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1832)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Evesham Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Farmer</span>, Thomas, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Fisher, J. S.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Foster, E. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Francis, Charles, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Friends at Uxbridge</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Gillett</span>, G. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Gillett, W. S. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Gilpin, Rev. B.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1833)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Goldsmid, J. L. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Gurney, Samuel, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Hamilton</span>, Lady Anne</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hackney Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hancock, Rev. Wm.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Harris, Mrs. Lydia</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Heisch, P. J. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Henderson, Rev. J. Rawlins</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td>10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hereford Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Hiort, J. W. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Holland, Mrs.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1833)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">20</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Horton, E. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Howard, Robert, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Howard, Mrs.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Kent</span>, Her Royal Highness the Duchess of</td> -<td class="tdl">(1832)</td> -<td>20</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Kenah, Col.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1836)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Lyttelton</span>, Lord</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Labouchere, John, Esq.</td> -<td>(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Legg, Hon. Henry</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Lister, J. J. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Lyon, James, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Liverpool Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Morpeth,</span> Lord</td> -<td class="tdl">(1831)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Mayfield, ——, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Marten, Frederick, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Martin, John, Esq. M.P.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Minchin, Samuel, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Morland, Miss</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Monro, Rev. R.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Newport</span> Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">P. A.</td> -<td class="tdl">(before 1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">John Parkinson, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Mrs. John Parkinson</td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Pascal, Miss</td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Pentonville Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Preston, Miss</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">P. E.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834-35)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Phillips, Miss</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Phipps, Mrs.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Platt, Rev. George</td> -<td class="tdl">(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Pownall, Henry, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Quilter,</span> Rev. Mr.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Ramsden,</span> R. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1835)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Richardson, Thomas, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1827)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">R. H.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Romilly, Rev. J.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Romilly, Miss</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Romilly, Miss Lucy</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Sutherland,</span> Duke of</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">50</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Surrey, Earl of</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Scott, John, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Smith, R. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Southampton Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">12</td> -<td>6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Stacy, George, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Steven, Robert, Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Sutton, Lady</td> -<td class="tdl">(1836)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Tomkins</span>, S. Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Tooke, W. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td>100</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1836)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Tottenham Association</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">8</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Tritton, E. M. Executors of</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Westminster</span>, Marquis of</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Willoughby de Eresby, Lord</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td>50</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td>40</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1831)</td> -<td>40</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td>20</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Winchester, Lord Bishop of</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>1</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wager, Tayler, Esq.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wareham Associatn.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wedgewood, Miss</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1829)</td> -<td class="tdl">9</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">Ditto</span></td> -<td class="tdl">(1833)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wedgewood, Josh. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Whieldon, Rev. E.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1830)</td> -<td class="tdl">2</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wilde, Mrs.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wilde, E. A. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1828)</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wolferston, Mrs.</td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Woods, S. Jun. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1837)</td> -<td class="tdl">1</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> </td></tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Young</span>, G. A. Esq.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">3</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Young, Mrs. G. F.</td> -<td class="tdl">(1834)</td> -<td class="tdl">5</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -<td class="tdl">10</td> -<td class="tdl">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak p110">SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING CLIMBING BOYS.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<p class="center"><b>CASH ACCOUNT.</b></p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<p class="center">May 1st, 1837.</p> - -<table> -<tr><td class="tdt tdc" style="width:50%"> - -<table summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"><i>Received.</i></td> -<td>£.</td> -<td><i>s.</i></td> -<td><i>d.</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Balance in favour of the Society, May 1, 1836</td> -<td class="tdb">71</td> -<td class="tdb">16</td> -<td class="tdb">4</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Donations and Subscriptions since received</td> -<td class="tdb">102</td> -<td class="tdb">18</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One year’s Dividend on Mrs. Denyer’s Legacy</td> -<td class="tdb">6</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td class="tdr" colspan="3">——————</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td>£180</td> -<td>14</td> -<td>4</td> -</tr> -</table> - -</td> - -<td style="width:50%" class="tdc"> - -<table summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdc"><i>Paid.</i></td> -<td>£.</td> -<td><i>s.</i></td> -<td><i>d.</i></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Advertising, Circulars, Stationery, Postages, Porterage, &c.</td> -<td class="tdb">26</td> -<td class="tdb">2</td> -<td class="tdb">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Allowance to Agents</td> -<td class="tdb">26</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Machinery to ditto</td> -<td class="tdb">32</td> -<td class="tdb">15</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For Printing last Report, &c.</td> -<td class="tdb">21</td> -<td class="tdb">17</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Collector’s Poundage</td> -<td class="tdb">4</td> -<td class="tdb">5</td> -<td class="tdb">5</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Expenses at the West-end of the Town</td> -<td class="tdb">18</td> -<td class="tdb">17</td> -<td class="tdb">6</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Expenses attending the different Experiments to prove the superior efficiency of the Machine</td> -<td class="tdb">21</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Balance</td> -<td class="tdb">29</td> -<td class="tdb">17</td> -<td class="tdb">0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td class="tdr" colspan="3">——————</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td></td> -<td class="tdl">£180</td> -<td>14</td> -<td>4</td> -</tr> - - -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -</tr> -</table> - -</td></tr></table> - -<p class="center">Balance in favour of the Society.... £29 17 0</p> - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak p110" id="PROPOSED_RULES_FOR_LOCAL_ASSOCIATIONS">PROPOSED RULES FOR LOCAL ASSOCIATIONS.</h2> -</div> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<p class="center"><b>I.</b></p> - -<p>That an Association be now formed for the -<span class="u"> </span> -and its vicinity, for Superseding the Use of Climbing Boys in Cleansing -Chimneys.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><b>II.</b></p> - -<p>That the Association be managed by a Committee of Ladies, assisted -by a few Gentlemen: and that all persons subscribing Five Shillings -and upwards, be members of the Association.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><b>III.</b></p> - -<p>That the first object of the Association be, to divide the -<span class="u"> </span> -into Districts, and to circulate as much information on -the subject as possible, in such a manner as the Committee may deem -most expedient; and that Sub-Committees be formed, to carry the -measures better into effect.</p> - - -<p class="center p2"><b>IV.</b></p> - -<p>That the Committee endeavour to obtain the consent and signatures -of Housekeepers to have Machines only used in cleansing their -Chimneys.</p> - - -<p class="center p2"><b>V.</b></p> - -<p>That -<span class="u"> </span> -be appointed the Agent of the -Association, and supplied with the necessary Apparatus; and that employment -be sought for the boys, whose services may be no longer -required by their masters.</p> - - -<p class="center p2"><b>VI.</b></p> - -<p>That application be made to the London Society, for purchasing -such Machines and other Apparatus as may be deemed requisite by the -Committee, and for any information on the subject.</p> - - -<p class="center p2"><b>VII.</b></p> - -<p>That the Committee meet once a month, or oftener, if necessary, and -that Five Members be empowered to act. And that a General Meeting -of the Subscribers be held once annually, on a day to be fixed by the -Committee.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2 class="nobreak p110" id="CHIMNEY_SWEEPING_DESCRIBED">CHIMNEY SWEEPING DESCRIBED.</h2> -</div> - - -<div class="figcenter illowp50" id="chimney_profile" style="max-width: 75em;"> -<img class="w100" src="images/chimney_profile.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>A number of flues concentrated, forms a stack of chimneys, as represented in the -engraving. Flues, at a distance from the stack, are conveyed to it either in a horizontal -or sloping form, as at A and G. The size of flues generally is nine inches by fourteen -inches; a space sufficiently large to convey the smoke, but not large enough to be -ascended, except by little children, for the purpose of cleansing them.</p> - -<p>The plan adopted by the climbing-boy to ascend chimneys is, by pressing his feet, -back, and knees against the sides of the flue, by which means he propels or hitches -himself up by degrees, having one arm above his head, holding a brush, and the other -arm by his side, as described in B. At C the boy is represented as putting his brush -out of the top of the chimney-pot, but generally he rattles it with his brush, to satisfy -the parties below that he has been to the top. This accomplished, he gradually slides -down to the stove or grate.</p> - -<p>It has frequently occurred, that boys have, either through fear or inattention, got into -the form of nose and knees together, as described at E; sometimes they remain in this -cramped and painful position for hours before they are liberated, being totally unable to -extricate themselves.</p> - -<p>Climbing-boys are exposed to considerable danger in horizontal or angular flues, as -at A. The reason is obvious; after passing through the chimney and descending to the -second angle from the fire place, the boy finds it completely filled up with soot, -which he has dislodged from the sides of the upright part. He endeavours to pass -by it, and after much struggling, he succeeds till stopped by his shoulders; but -the soot is compressed so hard all around him, by his exertions, that he cannot go -back; he then endeavours to move forward, but his attempts in this respect are often -useless, for the covering of the horizontal part of the flue being stone, the sharp angle -of it bears hard on his shoulders, as at H, and prevents him from moving in the least -either one way or the other. His face being covered with a climbing-cap, and being -completely enclosed in the soot beneath, his breath is stopped. In this dreadful condition -he struggles violently to extricate himself, but his strength fails him, and in -a few minutes he is gone for ever.</p> - -<p>Many instances have occurred of boys being thus suffocated in chimneys, or burnt, or -smothered in the rubbish, while attempting to core a chimney; others have been killed -by falling from the tops of chimneys. Such accidents have happened in London, -Edinburgh, Dublin, Waterford, Wakefield, Newport Isle of Wight, Hereford, Preston, -Dumfries, Dudley, Deal, Keighley, Clapham, and Belfast; and many other cases may -have occurred without having come to the knowledge of the public.</p> - -<div class="figleft illowp30" id="chimney_interior" style="max-width: 32.8125em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/chimney_interior.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>Some persons have an idea that a round brush will not -sweep a square flue, but in the annexed diagram, the -diameter of the brush B B is compared with the chimney -A, which clearly shows that the whalebone of which the -brush is composed, is forced into every part of the flue, -and being repeatedly thrust up and down, must sweep it -effectually.</p> - -<p>A bricklayer might here observe, “Admitting you can -sweep chimneys with the machine, how would you -core them?” More effectually and with greater facility -than boys can possibly do it. Chimneys that are straight, -or nearly so, do not require coring, and the rubbish that -falls on the diagonal part of the flue, where the angles are obtuse, can easily be -dislodged by a stiff brush attached to the machine, and introduced into the top of the -chimney. At right angles, or when they are nearly so, an opening should be left six or -nine inches square at the angle: and when the chimneys are finished, the core can be -extracted in five minutes, which a boy would not be able to accomplish in several -hours or days. It has frequently occurred, that a boy could not succeed in clearing the -chimney of the core, and an opening has been made for that purpose at last. This plan -was adopted with success at Buckingham Palace, the London University, Post Office, -St. Martin’s-le-grand, and Fishmonger’s Hall. It is altogether unreasonable to employ -boys to core chimneys at the imminent danger of their lives, when it can be so easily -done as described, and at so much less expense.</p> - -<p>A builder might remark, “You have explained how you can core chimneys without -a climbing-boy, but how would you place a brick or stop a crevice in any part of a flue, -if required, without a climbing-boy?” On the first appearance of smoke, I would -advise that a carpenter should remove the board that forms the plinth, and one or two -flooring boards, when the defect would at once be discovered. A bricklayer would -soon make it sound and secure; the boards and plinth might then be replaced, and all -would be safe, and no further annoyance experienced.</p> - -<p>A good machine, in the hands of a person who well understands the use of it, -will not meet with one chimney in a thousand that it cannot effectually sweep. -Several persons of this description, who have served their time as chimney-sweepers, -are employed in the use of the machine, by the Agents of the Society for Superseding -Climbing-boys.</p> - -<p class="p90 p1_5">N.B. The provisions of the late “Chimney-sweepers Regulation Act” were entirely against the -opinion and advice of the above Society, and the obnoxious clause, prohibiting chimney-sweepers from -calling in the streets, was inserted at the suggestion of the principal master chimney-sweepers themselves.</p> - -<p class="p90">The Society will never be satisfied till the use of climbing-boys is done away with altogether, being a -cruel and unnecessary method.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop full" /> - - -<h2 class="p110">PRICES OF MACHINERY,</h2> - -<p class="center"><b><i>Manufactured by Joseph Glass, No. 2, Moor-lane, Fore-street</i>.</b></p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<table> -<tr> -<td class="tdc" style="width:50%">Cane Machines, with chimney cloth -complete:—</td> - -<td class="tdc" style="width:50%">Ash or Crab Machines, on the same -principles, with chimney cloth complete:—</td> -</tr> - -<tr><td> -<table style="width:90%"> - -<tr> -<td>40 feet in length</td> -<td>£3</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>50 ditto ditto</td> -<td>4</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>60 ditto ditto</td> -<td>4</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>70 ditto ditto</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>0</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>80 ditto ditto</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>10</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr></table> -</td> - -<td> -<table style="width:90%"> -<tr> -<td>40 feet in length</td> -<td>£2</td> -<td>5</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>50 ditto ditto</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>11</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>60 ditto ditto</td> -<td>2</td> -<td>17</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>70 ditto ditto</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td>80 ditto ditto</td> -<td>3</td> -<td>8</td> -<td>0</td> -</tr> - - -</table></td></tr></table> - - -<p>If a Machine is required partly of Ash, and partly of Cane, the cost -will be in proportion to the number of joints of each used.</p> - -<p>N.B. The screws of all the joints of Glass’s Machine are stamped -with his name, to distinguish them from spurious ones.</p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<h2 class="p110">AGENTS OF THE SOCIETY.</h2> - -<ul> -<li>Joseph Glass, 2, Moor-lane, Fore-street, Cripplegate.</li> -<li>Robert Day, 21, Newton-street, High Holborn.</li> -<li>Edward Raven, 64, Lant-street, Borough.</li> -<li>John Shepherd, 19, Kinnerton-street, Wilton-place, Knightsbridge.</li> -</ul> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<p class="center">The following form is recommended to those who may be disposed to -become Benefactors to this Society by Will:—</p> - -<p>“<i>I give and bequeath unto</i> A. B. <i>and</i> C. D. <i>the sum of -<span class="u"> </span> -to be raised and paid out of my Personal Estate and Effects upon trust, to the -intent that they, or either of them, do pay the same to the Treasurer for the -time being of a Benevolent Society, which is now called or commonly known by -the name of ‘The Society for Superseding the necessity of Climbing Boys,’ -which sum I desire may be applied to the purposes of that Society.</i>”</p> - -<hr class="r5" /> - -<p>Ten Guineas constitutes a perpetual, and one Guinea an Annual Member. -Subscriptions and Donations are received by the Treasurer, W. Tooke, Esq., -39, Bedford-row; the Honorary Secretary; Messrs. Hoare, Fleet-street; -Messrs. Williams and Co., Birchin-lane; and by the Collector, Mr. H. -Clemson, No. 7, Grange-road, Bermondsey.</p> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<p class="center p90 mb3">Macintosh, Printer, 20, Great New-street, London.</p> - - -<div class="transnote"> - -<p class="center"><b>Transcriber’s Note</b></p> - -<p>Minor printer’s errors have been corrected by the transcriber; -otherwise, as far as possible, original spelling and punctuation have -been retained.</p></div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOCIETY FOR SUPERSEDING THE NECESSITY OF CLIMBING BOYS, BY ENCOURAGING A NEW METHOD OF SWEEPING CHIMNEYS ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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