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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #68031 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/68031)
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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of “How Can I Help to Abolish
-Slavery?” or, Counsels to the Newly Converted, by Maria Weston Chapman
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
-using this eBook.
-
-Title: “How Can I Help to Abolish Slavery?” or, Counsels to the
-       Newly Converted
-       Anti-Slavery Tracts No. 14
-
-Author: Maria Weston Chapman
-
-Release Date: May 8, 2022 [eBook #68031]
-
-Language: English
-
-Produced by: Steve Mattern, Daniel Lowe, University of Massachusetts
-             Library and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
-             https://www.pgdp.net
-
-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK “HOW CAN I HELP TO ABOLISH
-SLAVERY?” OR, COUNSELS TO THE NEWLY CONVERTED ***
-
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-                     _ANTI-SLAVERY TRACTS. No. 14._
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-                  “HOW CAN I HELP TO ABOLISH SLAVERY?”
-
-                                  OR,
-
-                    COUNSELS TO THE NEWLY CONVERTED.
-
-                        BY MARIA WESTON CHAPMAN.
-
-Yes, my friend, I can resolve your question. Twenty years of actual
-experience qualify one to reply. I have stood, as you now stand, on the
-threshold of this grandest undertaking of any age—this effort to elevate
-a whole people in the scale of moral being—with my head full of plans,
-and my heart of devotedness, asking the same question. I really longed
-for this coming of millennial glory, and therefore soon found the road
-on which to go forth to meet it. My disgust was unutterable, as yours,
-too, will be, if you desire the abolition of slavery more than the
-temporary triumph of sect or party, at the stupid schemes by which
-selfish men were then, as now, trying to make capital for themselves out
-of the sacred cause of human rights—seeking to sell the gift of the Holy
-Ghost for money. Hear them clamorously and meanly taking advantage of
-ignorance, for the promotion of self-interest.
-
-First, hear the agents of slavery presenting the colonization scheme as
-the instrument of abolition.
-
-“Aid the Colonization Society.” Yes; to make slavery stronger by
-exalting prejudice as an ordination of divine Providence; to make
-slavery safer by eliminating that dangerous element, the free black; to
-make its term longer by stultifying national conscience. See that
-society making the laws of slave States more cruel, the men of the free
-States more obdurate, the situation of the free men of color more
-difficult and insupportable, as a part of its plan. It could not, if it
-would, transport three millions of souls to Africa; the navies and
-revenues of the world would be insufficient. It would not, if it could;
-for slavery has no intention of parting with its three millions of
-victims; unless induced to free them out of generosity, it will keep
-them on speculation. Its forty years of colonization labor, and its
-million of gold and silver, have exiled fewer to Liberia than have
-escaped into Canada in spite of it—less in that period than the monthly
-increase of the slaves! It can do nothing for Christianizing Africa, for
-it sends a slaveholding gospel, which is anti-Christ. Be not deceived,
-then, by a tyrannical mockery like this, working to perpetuate slavery,
-and not to abolish it. Aid the American Anti-Slavery Society, which
-deals with the heart and conscience of this slaveholding nation,
-demanding immediate, unconditional emancipation, without expatriation;
-the abolition of slavery by the spirit of repentance, in conformity with
-all your own principles and traditions, whether religious or political.
-
-Hear another cry, (coming, not like the first, from the enemies of
-abolition, but from friends, generally those of more pretension than
-devotedness:) “Form a political party, free soil or other, to vote down
-slavery.”
-
-Yes, don’t _kill_ the growing monster—call to him to stop growing; merge
-immediatism, which always succeeds, in gradualism, which never does.
-Substitute a secondary object for the primary one. Strive in the first
-place not to abolish slavery, but to get one set of men out of office
-and another in, to learn by the event that the last are as incapable to
-turn back the whirlpool that masters the government as the first were.
-Make an appeal to force of numbers in a case where you know it is
-against you; in a case, too, where, having sworn assistance, you must
-lose influence by such an appeal. Spend your time and money, not in
-making new abolitionists, but in counting the old ones, that at every
-count diminish. Politics, in the common, small sense of the term, merely
-takes the circumstances it finds, and does its best with them. But the
-present circumstances are unfavorable. THEN CREATE NEW ONES. This is
-true politics, in the enlarged, real meaning of the word. Here is a
-building to be erected, and no sufficient materials. A _little_
-untempered mortar, a _few_ unbaked bricks—that is all. Go to the deep
-quarries of the human heart, and make of your sons and daughters
-polished stones to build the temple of the Lord. It is this cleaving
-into the living rock the AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY girds itself to
-do. Under its operations men become better and better abolitionists.
-Under the labors of political partisanship they necessarily grow worse
-and worse. They must ever ask themselves how _little_ anti-slavery
-feeling and principle they can make serve the temporary turn; because
-the less of either, the greater the chance. They must always be
-sacrificing the end to the means. Call them to the witness box in their
-capacity of philosophical observers, and out of their little
-circumventing political characters, and themselves will tell you that
-the effect of electioneering on anti-slavery is most unfavorable, adding
-to the existing opposition to right the fury of party antagonism,
-throwing away the balance of power, lowering the tone of moral and
-religious feeling and action, and thus letting a sacred enterprise
-degenerate into a scramble for office. But labor with the AMERICAN
-ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY _directly_ to the great end, and even Franklin
-Pierce and Co., pro-slavery as they are, will grovel to do your bidding.
-The administration now _on_ the throne is as good for your bidding as
-any other. In a republican land the power behind the throne is _the_
-power. Save yourself the trouble of calling caucuses, printing party
-journals, distributing ballots, and the like. Let men who are fit for
-nothing of more consequence do this little work, which is best done by
-mere nobodies. _More_ than enough of them are always ready for it. You,
-who are smitten by the sacred beauty of the great cause, should serve it
-greatly. Don’t drag the engine, like an ignoramus, but bring wood and
-water and flame, like an engineer. The AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY has
-laid the track.
-
-“Buy slaves and set them free.” Yes; lop the branches and strengthen the
-root; make the destruction of the system more difficult by practising
-upon it; create a demand for the slave breeder to supply; compromise
-with crime; raise the market price, when you ought to stop the market;
-put a philanthropic mark upon the slave trade; spend money enough in
-buying one man to free fifty gratis, and convert a thousand. But there
-is a _wholesale_ way, cries one. “Sell the public lands, and set every
-means in motion, from the merely mercantile donation of a million to the
-infant cent society, and thus raise two thousand millions of dollars,
-and beg the slaveholders to take it, (not as compensation, but as a
-token of good will,) and let their bondmen go.” I marvel at this
-insufficient notion of the heart of a slaveholder. I wonder exceedingly
-at such a want of imagination. “Not as compensation” is well put; for
-what sum can compensate a monarch for his throne? This system of slavery
-makes the south the parent of long lines of princes. It gives to her
-diabolical dominions
-
-    “Kingdoms, and sway, and strength, and length of days.”
-
-I am strangely divided in sympathy. I feel at once the generosity of the
-proposal, and have the feeling of contempt with which its insufficient
-inappropriateness is received.
-
-“Organize vigilance committees, and establish underground railroads.”
-Yes; hide from tyranny, instead of defying it; _whisper_ a testimony;
-form a bad habit of mind in regard to despotism; try to keep out the sea
-with a mop, when you ought to build a dike; flatter your sense of
-compassion by taking private retail measures to have suffering
-ameliorated, when you might, with the AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY, be
-taking public wholesale measures to have _wrong_ (the cause of
-suffering) _righted_. You may safely leave with the half and quarter
-converted, with the slaveholders, nay, even with the Curtises, the
-charge of all these things, which without the American Anti-Slavery
-Society are but as hydrogen and nitrogen without oxygen, however good
-with it, as the natural fruits of its labors. What I would discourage
-is, not mercy and compassion in an individual case, but a disgraceful
-mistake in the economy of well doing; spending in salving a sore finger
-what would buy the elixir vitæ; preferring the less, which _ex_cludes
-the greater, to the greater, which _in_cludes the less. Slavery can only
-be abolished by raising the character of the people who compose the
-nation; and _that_ can be done only by showing them a higher one. Now,
-there is _one_ thing that can’t be done in _secret_; you can’t _set a
-good example under a bushel_.
-
-“But instruction! instruction! found schools and churches for the
-blacks, and thus _prepare_ for the abolition of slavery.” O, shallow and
-shortsighted! the _demand_ is the _preparation_; nothing can supply the
-place of _that_. And _exclusive_ instruction, teaching for _blacks_, a
-school founded on color, a church in which men are herded ignominiously,
-apart from the refining influence of association with the more highly
-educated and accomplished,—what are they? A direct way of fitting white
-men for tyrants, and black men for slaves. No; if you would teach and
-Christianize the nation, strengthen the AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY,
-the _only_ American institution founded on the Christian and republican
-idea of the equal brotherhood of man, and in opposition to a church and
-state which deny human brotherhood by sanctioning slavery, and pull down
-Christ to their own level. The American Anti-Slavery Society is church
-and university, high school and common school to all who need real
-instruction and true religion. Of it what a throng of authors, editors,
-lawyers, orators, and accomplished gentlemen of color have taken their
-degree! It has equally implanted hopes and aspirations, noble thoughts
-and sublime purposes in the hearts of both races. It has prepared the
-white man for the freedom of the black man, and it has made the black
-man scorn the thought of enslavement, as does a white man, as far as its
-influence has extended. _Strengthen that noble influence._ Before its
-organization, the country only saw here and there in slavery some
-“faithful Cudjoe or Dinah,” whose strong natures blossomed even in
-bondage, like a fine plant beneath a heavy stone. Now, under the
-elevating and cherishing influence of the American Anti-Slavery Society,
-the colored race, like the white, furnishes Corinthian capitals for the
-noblest temples. Aroused by the American Anti-Slavery Society, the very
-white men who had forgotten and denied the claim of the black man to the
-rights of humanity now thunder that claim at every gate, from cottage to
-capital, from school house to university, from the railroad carriage to
-the house of God. He has a place at their firesides, a place in their
-hearts—the man whom they once cruelly hated for his color. So feeling,
-they _cannot_ send him to Coventry with a horn-book in his hand, and
-call it _instruction_! They inspire him to climb to their side by a
-visible acted gospel of freedom. Thus, instead of bowing to prejudice,
-they conquer it.
-
-“Establish free-labor warehouses.” Indeed! is that a good business
-calculation that leads to expend in search of the products of free labor
-the time and money that would make all labor free? While wrong exists in
-the world, you cannot (short of suicide) but draw your every life breath
-in involuntary connection with it; nor is conscience to be satisfied
-with any thing short of a complete devotion to the anti-slavery cause of
-the life that is sustained by slavery. We _may_ draw good out of evil:
-we _must not_ do evil, that good may come. Yet I counsel you to honor
-those who eat no sugar, as _you_ ask no questions for conscience’s sake;
-while you despise those who thrust forward such a call upon conscience,
-_impossible_, in the nature of things, to be obeyed, and therefore not
-binding, as if it were the end of the law for righteousness, in order to
-injure Garrison, the great and good founder of the American Anti-Slavery
-Society. I have seen men stand drawing bills of exchange between England
-and the United States, while uttering maledictions against the American
-Anti-Slavery Society, because it does not, as such, occupy itself with
-the free produce question. This I brand as pro-slavery in disguise—sheer
-hypocrisy.
-
-You see, my friend, that I have replied to your question in the
-conviction that you desire the abolition of slavery above all other
-things in this world; as one assured that it is the great work of
-Christianity in our age and country, as the conflict with idolatry was
-in other times and climes. Thus you see the salvation of the souls, the
-maintenance of the rights, the fulfilment of the duties, and the
-preservation of the free institutions of Americans, to depend upon the
-extirpation of this accursed and disgraceful disease which is destroying
-them. If I had reason to think you merely desirous to make sectarian and
-political capital out of a holy thought and a sacred purpose originated
-by others—if you were merely contriving defences for what is
-indefensible, and trying to save the credit of what is disgraceful,
-trying to throw dust, and change the issue, and pay tithes of cumin to
-delay justice, in order to spare your own insignificant self in this
-greatest conflict of light and darkness, good and evil, which the world
-has now to show—if you had been trying how to _seem_ creditably
-interested in what ought to be an American’s first business, and
-calculating _how little_ instead of _how much_ you might sacrifice to
-the soul-exalting cause of freedom—if you were but trying to get
-yourself or some friend into office by the judicious use of ideas which,
-as a republican and a Christian, you ought to give yourself wholly to be
-used by—if you were the hired agent of some demisemiquaver of a movement
-which tacked anti-slavery to its other titles, in order to establish a
-claim on the purses of abolitionists—in any of these cases I would not
-have stopped to talk with you. Your interest being the thing you had at
-heart, I should not _counsel_; I should be called, in the name of all
-that is holy, to _condemn_ you, in order that blame might awaken
-conscience. But the case, I trust, is different. I may, then, say to
-you, with all the confidence, nay, certainty, which is inseparable from
-experience, knowledge, and utter self-abnegation in the matter, WORK
-WITH THE AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY. Lavish your time, your money,
-your labors, your prayers, in that field, which is the world, and you
-will reap a thousand fold, now and hereafter. This movement _moves_. It
-is alive. Hear how every thing mean and selfish struggles, hisses, and
-dies under its influence. Never, since the world was, has any effort
-been so clear, so strong, so uncompromising, so ennobling, so holy, and,
-let me add, so successful. It is “the bright consummate flower” of the
-Christianity of the nineteenth century. Look at those who “have not
-resisted the heavenly vision” it presented them of a nation overcoming
-its evil propensities, and doing right at all risks; ask _them_ whether
-it has not saved their souls alive; ask _them_ if it has not made them
-worshippers of the beauty and sublimity of high character, till they are
-ready to “know nothing on earth but Jesus Christ and him crucified.” For
-this they give all—wealth, youth, health, strength, life. Worldly
-success, obtained by slackening their labors against slavery, (and it is
-easy to have it on those terms at any moment, so placable a monster is
-the world,) strikes them like failure and disgrace. They have “scorned
-delights, and lived laborious days,” till at length they feel it no
-sacrifice, but the highest joy. All this the American Anti-Slavery
-Society demands of _you_. DO IT! and be most grateful for the
-opportunity of fulfilling a work which is its own exceeding great
-reward. DO IT, and find yourself the chosen of God, to keep alive in
-this nation, degraded and corrupted by slavery, the noble flame of
-Christian faith, the sentiment of honor and fidelity, the instinct of
-high-mindedness, the sense of absolute, immutable duty, the charm of
-chivalrous and poetic feeling, which would make of the poorest Americans
-the Christian gentlemen of the world.
-
-              “Cherish all these high feelings that become
-              A giver of the gift of liberty.”
-
-You will find yourself under the necessity of doing it in _this_ noble
-company, or _alone_. Try it. Strive to be perfect, as God is perfect—to
-act up to your own highest idea, in connection with church or state in
-this land corrupted by slavery, and see if you are helped or hindered.
-Be not dragged along by them protesting. It is graceing as a slave the
-chariot wheels of a triumph. But flee from them, as one flees out of
-Babylon. Secure the blessing of union for good, and be delivered from
-the curse of union in evil, by acting with the AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY
-SOCIETY, its members and friends.
-
-I use this mode of expression advisedly, for I am not speaking of a mere
-form of association. Many are in harmonious coöperation with it who have
-neither signed the constitution nor subscribed the annual half dollar.
-Hence it is neither a formality nor a ceremony, but a united,
-onward-flowing current of noble lives.
-
-If, then, you feel that devotedness of heart which I verily think your
-question indicates, I feel free to counsel you to go _immediately_ to
-the nearest office of the American Anti-Slavery Society,[1] by letter,
-if not in person, subscribe what money you can afford—the first fruits
-of a life-long liberality, and _study_ the cause like a science, while
-promoting it like a gospel, under the cheering and helpful sympathy of
-some of the best company on earth; _but not unless_; for _this_ company
-despises what politicians, ecclesiastical and other, call “getting
-people committed.” They have a horror of this selfish invasion of
-another’s freedom, as of the encumbrance of selfish help. They warn you
-not to touch the ark with unhallowed hands.
-
-One consideration more—the thought of what you owe to your forerunners
-in what you feel to be the truth. It is, to follow meekly after, and be
-baptized with the baptism that they are baptized with. “Thus it
-_becometh_ us to fulfil all righteousness;” and the more your talents,
-gifts, and graces may, in your own judgment, be superior to theirs, the
-more _becoming_ it will be to seek their fellowship; for in the whole
-land they, and _they alone_, _are right_. It is not eulogy, but fact,
-that theirs is the path of the just, shining more and more unto the
-perfect day—denied only by the besotted with injustice, the committed to
-crime. Consider, then, not only what you owe to your slavery-cursed
-country, your enslaving as well as enslaved countrymen, your fathers’
-memory, your remotest posterity, the Christian religion, which forbids
-the sacrifice of one man’s rights to another man’s interests, and which
-knows no distinction of caste, color, or condition,—but consider, also,
-what you owe to those individuals and to that brotherhood who have
-battled twenty years in the breach for _your_ freedom, involved with
-that of the meanest slave.
-
-Imagine how the case stood with those who perished by suffocation in the
-Black Hole at Calcutta. Suppose that some of their number had felt the
-sublime impulse to place their bodies in the door, and the high devoted
-hearts to stand the crushing till dawn awoke the tyrant; the _rest_ of
-that doomed band might have passed out alive. This is what the American
-Anti-Slavery Society has been unflinchingly doing for you, and for the
-rest of the nation, amid torture, insult, and curses, through a long
-night of terror and despair. The life of the land, its precious moral
-sense, has been thus kept from suffocation. The free agitating air of
-faithful speech has saved it. The soul of the United States is not dead,
-thanks, under Providence, to that noble fellowship of resolute souls, to
-find whom the nation has been winnowed. Do your duty by them, in the
-name of self-respect. Such companionship is an honor accorded to but
-few, and of that worthy few I would fain count you one. Strike, then,
-with them at the existence of slavery, and you will see individual
-slaves made free, anti-slavery leaven introduced into parties and
-churches, instruction diffused, the products of free labor multiplied,
-and fugitives protected, in exact proportion to the energy of the grand
-onset against the civil system.
-
-                  *       *       *       *       *
-
-NOTE. The work of the American Anti-Slavery Society is carried on by
-newspapers, books, tracts, agents, meetings, and conventions. The donor
-is requested to specify to what department, and in what section of
-country, he wishes his contribution applied.
-
------
-
-Footnote 1:
-
-  For the local offices, see bottom of page 12.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-           CONSTITUTION OF THE AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY.
-
-               FORMED IN PHILADELPHIA, DECEMBER 4, 1833.
-
-Whereas the Most High God “hath made of one blood all nations of men to
-dwell on all the face of the earth,” and hath commanded them to love
-their neighbors as themselves; and whereas our national existence is
-based upon this principle, as recognized in the Declaration of
-Independence, “that all mankind are created equal, and that they are
-endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which
-are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;” and whereas, after the
-lapse of nearly sixty years, since the faith and honor of the American
-people were pledged to this avowal before Almighty God and the world,
-nearly one sixth part of the nation are held in bondage by their
-fellow-citizens; and whereas slavery is contrary to the principles of
-natural justice, of our republican form of government, and of the
-Christian religion, and is destructive of the prosperity of the country,
-while it is endangering the peace, union, and liberties of the States;
-and whereas we believe it the duty and interest of the masters
-immediately to emancipate their slaves, and that no scheme of
-expatriation, either voluntary or by compulsion, can remove this great
-and increasing evil; and whereas we believe that it is practicable, by
-appeals to the consciences, hearts, and interests of the people, to
-awaken a public sentiment throughout the nation that will be opposed to
-the continuance of slavery in any part of the republic, and by effecting
-the speedy abolition of slavery, prevent a general convulsion; and
-whereas we believe we owe it to the oppressed, to our fellow-citizens
-who hold slaves, to our whole country, to posterity, and to God, to do
-all that is lawfully in our power to bring about the extinction of
-slavery, we do hereby agree, with a prayerful reliance on the divine
-aid, to form ourselves into a society to be governed by the following
-constitution:—
-
-ARTICLE I.—This society shall be called the AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY
-SOCIETY.
-
-ARTICLE II.—The objects of this society are the entire abolition of
-slavery in the United States. While it admits that each State in which
-slavery exists has, by the constitution of the United States, the
-exclusive right to _legislate_ in regard to its abolition in said State,
-it shall aim to convince all our fellow-citizens, by arguments addressed
-to their understandings and consciences, that slaveholding is a heinous
-crime in the sight of God, and that the duty, safety, and best interests
-of all concerned require its _immediate abandonment_, without
-expatriation. The society will also endeavor, in a constitutional way,
-to influence Congress to put an end to the domestic slave trade, and to
-abolish slavery in all those portions of our common country which come
-under its control, especially in the District of Columbia, and likewise
-to prevent the extension of it to any State that may be hereafter
-admitted to the Union.
-
-ARTICLE III.—This society shall aim to elevate the character and
-condition of the people of color, by encouraging their intellectual,
-moral, and religious improvement, and by removing public prejudice, that
-thus they may, according to their intellectual and moral worth, share an
-equality with the whites of civil and religious privileges; but this
-society will never, in any way, countenance the oppressed in vindicating
-their rights by resorting to physical force.
-
-ARTICLE IV.—Any person who consents to the principles of this
-constitution, who contributes to the funds of this society, and is not a
-slaveholder, may be a member of this society, and shall be entitled to
-vote at the meetings.
-
-ARTICLE V.—The officers of this society shall be a president,
-vice-presidents, a recording secretary, corresponding secretaries, a
-treasurer, and an executive committee of not less than five nor more
-than twelve members.
-
-ARTICLE VI.—The executive committee shall have power to enact their own
-by-laws, fill any vacancy in their body, and in the offices of secretary
-and treasurer, employ agents, determine what compensation shall be paid
-to agents and to the corresponding secretaries, direct the treasurer in
-the application of all moneys, and call special meetings of the society.
-They shall make arrangements for all meetings of the society, make an
-annual written report of their doings, the expenditures and funds of the
-society, and shall hold stated meetings, and adopt the most energetic
-measures in their power to advance the objects of the society. They may,
-if they shall see fit, appoint a board of assistant managers, composed
-of not less than three nor more than seven persons residing in New York
-city, or its vicinity, whose duty it shall be to render such assistance
-to the committee in conducting the affairs of the society as the
-exigencies of the cause may require. To this board they may from time to
-time confide such of their own powers as they may deem necessary to the
-efficient conduct of the society’s business. The board shall keep a
-record of its proceedings, and furnish a copy of the same for the
-information of the committee, as often as may be required.
-
-ARTICLE VII.—The president shall preside at all meetings of the society,
-or, in his absence, one of the vice-presidents, or, in their absence, a
-president pro tem. The corresponding secretaries shall conduct the
-correspondence of the society. The recording secretary shall notify all
-meetings of the society and of the executive committee, and shall keep
-records of the same in separate books. The treasurer shall collect the
-subscriptions, make payments at the direction of the executive
-committee, and present a written and audited account to accompany the
-annual report.
-
-ARTICLE VIII.—The annual meeting of the society shall be held each year
-at such time and place as the executive committee may direct, when the
-accounts of the treasurer shall be presented, the annual report read,
-appropriate addresses delivered, the officers chosen, and such other
-business transacted as shall be deemed expedient.
-
-ARTICLE IX.—Any anti-slavery society or association founded on the same
-principles may become auxiliary to this society. The officers of each
-auxiliary society shall be ex officio members of the parent institution,
-and shall be entitled to deliberate and vote in the transactions of its
-concerns.
-
-ARTICLE X.—This constitution may be amended, at any annual meeting of
-the society, by a vote of two thirds of the members present, provided
-the amendments proposed have been previously submitted, in writing, to
-the executive committee.
-
-                  *       *       *       *       *
-
-_Published for gratuitous distribution, at the Office of the_ AMERICAN
-ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY, _No. 138 Nassau Street, New York_. _Also to be had
-at the Anti-Slavery Offices, No. 21 Cornhill, Boston, and No. 31 North
-Fifth Street, Philadelphia; and at the Anti-Slavery Depository, Salem,
-Columbiana Co., Ohio._
-
-                          Transcriber’s Notes
-
-Some inconsistencies in spelling, hyphenation, punctuation, and
-typography have been retained.
-
-This file uses _underscores_ to indicate italic text.
-
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-SLAVERY?” OR, COUNSELS TO THE NEWLY CONVERTED ***
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-<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of “How Can I Help to Abolish Slavery?” or, Counsels to the Newly Converted, by Maria Weston Chapman</p>
-<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
-at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you
-are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
-country where you are located before using this eBook.
-</div>
-
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: “How Can I Help to Abolish Slavery?” or, Counsels to the Newly Converted</p>
-<p style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em;'>Anti-Slavery Tracts No. 14</p>
-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Maria Weston Chapman</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: May 8, 2022 [eBook #68031]</p>
-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p>
-  <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: Steve Mattern, Daniel Lowe, University of Massachusetts Library and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net</p>
-<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK “HOW CAN I HELP TO ABOLISH SLAVERY?” OR, COUNSELS TO THE NEWLY CONVERTED ***</div>
-
-<div class='tnotes covernote'>
-
-<p class='c000'><b>Transcriber's Note:</b></p>
-
-<p class='c000'>The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-  <div class='nf-center'>
-    <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_1'>1</span><span class='xlarge'><i>ANTI-SLAVERY TRACTS. No. 14.</i></span></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<hr class='c002' />
-
-<div>
-  <h1 class='c003'>“HOW CAN I HELP TO ABOLISH SLAVERY?”</h1>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-<div class='nf-center c001'>
-    <div><span class='small'>OR,</span></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-  <div class='nf-center'>
-    <div><span class='large'>COUNSELS TO THE NEWLY CONVERTED.</span></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-  <div class='nf-center'>
-    <div>BY MARIA WESTON CHAPMAN.</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c000'>Yes, my friend, I can resolve your question. Twenty years of
-actual experience qualify one to reply. I have stood, as you now
-stand, on the threshold of this grandest undertaking of any age—this
-effort to elevate a whole people in the scale of moral being—with
-my head full of plans, and my heart of devotedness, asking
-the same question. I really longed for this coming of millennial
-glory, and therefore soon found the road on which to go forth to
-meet it. My disgust was unutterable, as yours, too, will be, if you
-desire the abolition of slavery more than the temporary triumph of
-sect or party, at the stupid schemes by which selfish men were
-then, as now, trying to make capital for themselves out of the
-sacred cause of human rights—seeking to sell the gift of the Holy
-Ghost for money. Hear them clamorously and meanly taking advantage
-of ignorance, for the promotion of self-interest.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>First, hear the agents of slavery presenting the colonization scheme
-as the instrument of abolition.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>“Aid the Colonization Society.” Yes; to make slavery stronger
-by exalting prejudice as an ordination of divine Providence; to
-make slavery safer by eliminating that dangerous element, the free
-black; to make its term longer by stultifying national conscience.
-See that society making the laws of slave States more cruel, the
-men of the free States more obdurate, the situation of the free men
-of color more difficult and insupportable, as a part of its plan. It
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_2'>2</span>could not, if it would, transport three millions of souls to Africa;
-the navies and revenues of the world would be insufficient. It
-would not, if it could; for slavery has no intention of parting with
-its three millions of victims; unless induced to free them out of
-generosity, it will keep them on speculation. Its forty years of colonization
-labor, and its million of gold and silver, have exiled
-fewer to Liberia than have escaped into Canada in spite of it—less
-in that period than the monthly increase of the slaves! It
-can do nothing for Christianizing Africa, for it sends a slaveholding
-gospel, which is anti-Christ. Be not deceived, then, by a tyrannical
-mockery like this, working to perpetuate slavery, and not to
-abolish it. Aid the American Anti-Slavery Society, which deals
-with the heart and conscience of this slaveholding nation, demanding
-immediate, unconditional emancipation, without expatriation;
-the abolition of slavery by the spirit of repentance, in conformity
-with all your own principles and traditions, whether religious or
-political.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>Hear another cry, (coming, not like the first, from the enemies of
-abolition, but from friends, generally those of more pretension than
-devotedness:) “Form a political party, free soil or other, to vote
-down slavery.”</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>Yes, don’t <em>kill</em> the growing monster—call to him to stop growing;
-merge immediatism, which always succeeds, in gradualism, which
-never does. Substitute a secondary object for the primary one.
-Strive in the first place not to abolish slavery, but to get one set of
-men out of office and another in, to learn by the event that the last
-are as incapable to turn back the whirlpool that masters the government
-as the first were. Make an appeal to force of numbers in a
-case where you know it is against you; in a case, too, where, having
-sworn assistance, you must lose influence by such an appeal.
-Spend your time and money, not in making new abolitionists, but
-in counting the old ones, that at every count diminish. Politics, in
-the common, small sense of the term, merely takes the circumstances
-it finds, and does its best with them. But the present circumstances
-are unfavorable. <span class='sc'>Then create new ones.</span> This is true politics,
-in the enlarged, real meaning of the word. Here is a building to
-be erected, and no sufficient materials. A <em>little</em> untempered mortar,
-a <em>few</em> unbaked bricks—that is all. Go to the deep quarries of the
-human heart, and make of your sons and daughters polished stones
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span>to build the temple of the Lord. It is this cleaving into the living
-rock the <span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery Society</span> girds itself to do.
-Under its operations men become better and better abolitionists.
-Under the labors of political partisanship they necessarily grow
-worse and worse. They must ever ask themselves how <em>little</em> anti-slavery
-feeling and principle they can make serve the temporary
-turn; because the less of either, the greater the chance. They must
-always be sacrificing the end to the means. Call them to the witness
-box in their capacity of philosophical observers, and out of
-their little circumventing political characters, and themselves will
-tell you that the effect of electioneering on anti-slavery is most unfavorable,
-adding to the existing opposition to right the fury of party
-antagonism, throwing away the balance of power, lowering the tone
-of moral and religious feeling and action, and thus letting a sacred
-enterprise degenerate into a scramble for office. But labor with the
-<span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery Society</span> <em>directly</em> to the great end, and
-even Franklin Pierce and Co., pro-slavery as they are, will grovel to
-do your bidding. The administration now <em>on</em> the throne is as good
-for your bidding as any other. In a republican land the power behind
-the throne is <em>the</em> power. Save yourself the trouble of calling
-caucuses, printing party journals, distributing ballots, and the like.
-Let men who are fit for nothing of more consequence do this little
-work, which is best done by mere nobodies. <em>More</em> than enough of
-them are always ready for it. You, who are smitten by the sacred
-beauty of the great cause, should serve it greatly. Don’t drag the
-engine, like an ignoramus, but bring wood and water and flame,
-like an engineer. The <span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery Society</span> has
-laid the track.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>“Buy slaves and set them free.” Yes; lop the branches and
-strengthen the root; make the destruction of the system more difficult
-by practising upon it; create a demand for the slave breeder to
-supply; compromise with crime; raise the market price, when you
-ought to stop the market; put a philanthropic mark upon the slave
-trade; spend money enough in buying one man to free fifty gratis,
-and convert a thousand. But there is a <em>wholesale</em> way, cries one.
-“Sell the public lands, and set every means in motion, from the
-merely mercantile donation of a million to the infant cent society, and
-thus raise two thousand millions of dollars, and beg the slaveholders
-to take it, (not as compensation, but as a token of good will,) and
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>let their bondmen go.” I marvel at this insufficient notion of the
-heart of a slaveholder. I wonder exceedingly at such a want of
-imagination. “Not as compensation” is well put; for what sum
-can compensate a monarch for his throne? This system of slavery
-makes the south the parent of long lines of princes. It gives to her
-diabolical dominions</p>
-
-<p class='c004'>“Kingdoms, and sway, and strength, and length of days.”</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>I am strangely divided in sympathy. I feel at once the generosity
-of the proposal, and have the feeling of contempt with which its
-insufficient inappropriateness is received.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>“Organize vigilance committees, and establish underground railroads.”
-Yes; hide from tyranny, instead of defying it; <em>whisper</em> a
-testimony; form a bad habit of mind in regard to despotism; try to
-keep out the sea with a mop, when you ought to build a dike; flatter
-your sense of compassion by taking private retail measures to
-have suffering ameliorated, when you might, with the <span class='sc'>American
-Anti-Slavery Society</span>, be taking public wholesale measures to
-have <em>wrong</em> (the cause of suffering) <em>righted</em>. You may safely leave
-with the half and quarter converted, with the slaveholders, nay,
-even with the Curtises, the charge of all these things, which without
-the American Anti-Slavery Society are but as hydrogen and
-nitrogen without oxygen, however good with it, as the natural fruits
-of its labors. What I would discourage is, not mercy and compassion
-in an individual case, but a disgraceful mistake in the economy
-of well doing; spending in salving a sore finger what would
-buy the elixir vitæ; preferring the less, which <em>ex</em>cludes the greater,
-to the greater, which <em>in</em>cludes the less. Slavery can only be abolished
-by raising the character of the people who compose the nation;
-and <em>that</em> can be done only by showing them a higher one.
-Now, there is <em>one</em> thing that can’t be done in <em>secret</em>; you can’t <em>set a
-good example under a bushel</em>.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>“But instruction! instruction! found schools and churches for
-the blacks, and thus <em>prepare</em> for the abolition of slavery.” O, shallow
-and shortsighted! the <em>demand</em> is the <em>preparation</em>; nothing can
-supply the place of <em>that</em>. And <em>exclusive</em> instruction, teaching for
-<em>blacks</em>, a school founded on color, a church in which men are herded
-ignominiously, apart from the refining influence of association with
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>the more highly educated and accomplished,—what are they? A
-direct way of fitting white men for tyrants, and black men for slaves.
-No; if you would teach and Christianize the nation, strengthen the
-<span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery Society</span>, the <em>only</em> American institution
-founded on the Christian and republican idea of the equal brotherhood
-of man, and in opposition to a church and state which deny
-human brotherhood by sanctioning slavery, and pull down Christ to
-their own level. The American Anti-Slavery Society is church and
-university, high school and common school to all who need real
-instruction and true religion. Of it what a throng of authors, editors,
-lawyers, orators, and accomplished gentlemen of color have
-taken their degree! It has equally implanted hopes and aspirations,
-noble thoughts and sublime purposes in the hearts of both races.
-It has prepared the white man for the freedom of the black man,
-and it has made the black man scorn the thought of enslavement,
-as does a white man, as far as its influence has extended. <em>Strengthen
-that noble influence.</em> Before its organization, the country only saw
-here and there in slavery some “faithful Cudjoe or Dinah,” whose
-strong natures blossomed even in bondage, like a fine plant beneath
-a heavy stone. Now, under the elevating and cherishing influence
-of the American Anti-Slavery Society, the colored race, like
-the white, furnishes Corinthian capitals for the noblest temples.
-Aroused by the American Anti-Slavery Society, the very white men
-who had forgotten and denied the claim of the black man to the
-rights of humanity now thunder that claim at every gate, from cottage
-to capital, from school house to university, from the railroad
-carriage to the house of God. He has a place at their firesides, a
-place in their hearts—the man whom they once cruelly hated for
-his color. So feeling, they <em>cannot</em> send him to Coventry with a horn-book
-in his hand, and call it <em>instruction</em>! They inspire him to climb
-to their side by a visible acted gospel of freedom. Thus, instead
-of bowing to prejudice, they conquer it.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>“Establish free-labor warehouses.” Indeed! is that a good business
-calculation that leads to expend in search of the products of
-free labor the time and money that would make all labor free?
-While wrong exists in the world, you cannot (short of suicide) but
-draw your every life breath in involuntary connection with it; nor
-is conscience to be satisfied with any thing short of a complete devotion
-to the anti-slavery cause of the life that is sustained by slavery.
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>We <em>may</em> draw good out of evil: we <em>must not</em> do evil, that
-good may come. Yet I counsel you to honor those who eat no
-sugar, as <em>you</em> ask no questions for conscience’s sake; while you
-despise those who thrust forward such a call upon conscience, <em>impossible</em>,
-in the nature of things, to be obeyed, and therefore not
-binding, as if it were the end of the law for righteousness, in order
-to injure Garrison, the great and good founder of the American Anti-Slavery
-Society. I have seen men stand drawing bills of exchange
-between England and the United States, while uttering maledictions
-against the American Anti-Slavery Society, because it does
-not, as such, occupy itself with the free produce question. This I
-brand as pro-slavery in disguise—sheer hypocrisy.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>You see, my friend, that I have replied to your question in the
-conviction that you desire the abolition of slavery above all other
-things in this world; as one assured that it is the great work of
-Christianity in our age and country, as the conflict with idolatry was
-in other times and climes. Thus you see the salvation of the souls,
-the maintenance of the rights, the fulfilment of the duties, and the
-preservation of the free institutions of Americans, to depend upon
-the extirpation of this accursed and disgraceful disease which is
-destroying them. If I had reason to think you merely desirous to
-make sectarian and political capital out of a holy thought and a
-sacred purpose originated by others—if you were merely contriving
-defences for what is indefensible, and trying to save the credit of
-what is disgraceful, trying to throw dust, and change the issue, and
-pay tithes of cumin to delay justice, in order to spare your own
-insignificant self in this greatest conflict of light and darkness, good
-and evil, which the world has now to show—if you had been trying
-how to <em>seem</em> creditably interested in what ought to be an American’s
-first business, and calculating <em>how little</em> instead of <em>how much</em>
-you might sacrifice to the soul-exalting cause of freedom—if you
-were but trying to get yourself or some friend into office by the
-judicious use of ideas which, as a republican and a Christian, you
-ought to give yourself wholly to be used by—if you were the hired
-agent of some demisemiquaver of a movement which tacked anti-slavery
-to its other titles, in order to establish a claim on the purses
-of abolitionists—in any of these cases I would not have stopped to
-talk with you. Your interest being the thing you had at heart, I
-should not <em>counsel</em>; I should be called, in the name of all that is
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span>holy, to <em>condemn</em> you, in order that blame might awaken conscience.
-But the case, I trust, is different. I may, then, say to you, with all
-the confidence, nay, certainty, which is inseparable from experience,
-knowledge, and utter self-abnegation in the matter, <span class='sc'>Work with
-the American Anti-Slavery Society</span>. Lavish your time, your
-money, your labors, your prayers, in that field, which is the world,
-and you will reap a thousand fold, now and hereafter. This movement
-<em>moves</em>. It is alive. Hear how every thing mean and selfish
-struggles, hisses, and dies under its influence. Never, since the
-world was, has any effort been so clear, so strong, so uncompromising,
-so ennobling, so holy, and, let me add, so successful. It is “the
-bright consummate flower” of the Christianity of the nineteenth
-century. Look at those who “have not resisted the heavenly vision”
-it presented them of a nation overcoming its evil propensities, and
-doing right at all risks; ask <em>them</em> whether it has not saved their souls
-alive; ask <em>them</em> if it has not made them worshippers of the beauty
-and sublimity of high character, till they are ready to “know nothing
-on earth but Jesus Christ and him crucified.” For this they
-give all—wealth, youth, health, strength, life. Worldly success,
-obtained by slackening their labors against slavery, (and it is easy
-to have it on those terms at any moment, so placable a monster is
-the world,) strikes them like failure and disgrace. They have
-“scorned delights, and lived laborious days,” till at length they feel
-it no sacrifice, but the highest joy. All this the American Anti-Slavery
-Society demands of <em>you</em>. <span class='sc'>Do it!</span> and be most grateful for
-the opportunity of fulfilling a work which is its own exceeding great
-reward. <span class='sc'>Do it</span>, and find yourself the chosen of God, to keep alive
-in this nation, degraded and corrupted by slavery, the noble flame
-of Christian faith, the sentiment of honor and fidelity, the instinct
-of high-mindedness, the sense of absolute, immutable duty, the
-charm of chivalrous and poetic feeling, which would make of the
-poorest Americans the Christian gentlemen of the world.</p>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b'>
-  <div class='linegroup'>
-    <div class='group'>
-      <div class='line'>“Cherish all these high feelings that become</div>
-      <div class='line'>A giver of the gift of liberty.”</div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c000'>You will find yourself under the necessity of doing it in <em>this</em> noble
-company, or <em>alone</em>. Try it. Strive to be perfect, as God is perfect—to
-act up to your own highest idea, in connection with church or
-state in this land corrupted by slavery, and see if you are helped or
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>hindered. Be not dragged along by them protesting. It is graceing
-as a slave the chariot wheels of a triumph. But flee from them, as
-one flees out of Babylon. Secure the blessing of union for good,
-and be delivered from the curse of union in evil, by acting with the
-<span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery Society</span>, its members and friends.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>I use this mode of expression advisedly, for I am not speaking of
-a mere form of association. Many are in harmonious coöperation
-with it who have neither signed the constitution nor subscribed the
-annual half dollar. Hence it is neither a formality nor a ceremony,
-but a united, onward-flowing current of noble lives.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>If, then, you feel that devotedness of heart which I verily think
-your question indicates, I feel free to counsel you to go <em>immediately</em>
-to the nearest office of the American Anti-Slavery Society,<a id='r1' /><a href='#f1' class='c005'><sup>[1]</sup></a> by letter,
-if not in person, subscribe what money you can afford—the
-first fruits of a life-long liberality, and <em>study</em> the cause like a science,
-while promoting it like a gospel, under the cheering and helpful
-sympathy of some of the best company on earth; <em>but not unless</em>;
-for <em>this</em> company despises what politicians, ecclesiastical and other,
-call “getting people committed.” They have a horror of this selfish
-invasion of another’s freedom, as of the encumbrance of selfish
-help. They warn you not to touch the ark with unhallowed hands.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'>One consideration more—the thought of what you owe to your
-forerunners in what you feel to be the truth. It is, to follow meekly
-after, and be baptized with the baptism that they are baptized with.
-“Thus it <em>becometh</em> us to fulfil all righteousness;” and the more your
-talents, gifts, and graces may, in your own judgment, be superior to
-theirs, the more <em>becoming</em> it will be to seek their fellowship; for in
-the whole land they, and <em>they alone</em>, <em>are right</em>. It is not eulogy, but
-fact, that theirs is the path of the just, shining more and more unto
-the perfect day—denied only by the besotted with injustice, the
-committed to crime. Consider, then, not only what you owe to your
-slavery-cursed country, your enslaving as well as enslaved countrymen,
-your fathers’ memory, your remotest posterity, the Christian
-religion, which forbids the sacrifice of one man’s rights to another
-man’s interests, and which knows no distinction of caste, color, or
-condition,—but consider, also, what you owe to those individuals
-and to that brotherhood who have battled twenty years in the breach
-for <em>your</em> freedom, involved with that of the meanest slave.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>Imagine how the case stood with those who perished by suffocation
-in the Black Hole at Calcutta. Suppose that some of their number
-had felt the sublime impulse to place their bodies in the door,
-and the high devoted hearts to stand the crushing till dawn awoke
-the tyrant; the <em>rest</em> of that doomed band might have passed out
-alive. This is what the American Anti-Slavery Society has been
-unflinchingly doing for you, and for the rest of the nation, amid
-torture, insult, and curses, through a long night of terror and despair.
-The life of the land, its precious moral sense, has been thus kept
-from suffocation. The free agitating air of faithful speech has
-saved it. The soul of the United States is not dead, thanks, under
-Providence, to that noble fellowship of resolute souls, to find whom
-the nation has been winnowed. Do your duty by them, in the
-name of self-respect. Such companionship is an honor accorded
-to but few, and of that worthy few I would fain count you one.
-Strike, then, with them at the existence of slavery, and you will see
-individual slaves made free, anti-slavery leaven introduced into
-parties and churches, instruction diffused, the products of free labor
-multiplied, and fugitives protected, in exact proportion to the energy
-of the grand onset against the civil system.</p>
-
-<hr class='c006' />
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Note.</span> The work of the American Anti-Slavery Society is carried
-on by newspapers, books, tracts, agents, meetings, and conventions.
-The donor is requested to specify to what department, and
-in what section of country, he wishes his contribution applied.</p>
-
-<hr class='c007' />
-<div class='footnote' id='f1'>
-<p class='c000'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>For the local offices, see bottom of page 12.</p>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'>CONSTITUTION OF THE AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY.</h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c1'>
-<div class='nf-center c009'>
-    <div>FORMED IN PHILADELPHIA, DECEMBER 4, 1833.</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c000'>Whereas the Most High God “hath made of one blood all nations
-of men to dwell on all the face of the earth,” and hath commanded
-them to love their neighbors as themselves; and whereas
-our national existence is based upon this principle, as recognized
-in the Declaration of Independence, “that all mankind are created
-equal, and that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable
-rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of
-happiness;” and whereas, after the lapse of nearly sixty years,
-since the faith and honor of the American people were pledged to
-this avowal before Almighty God and the world, nearly one sixth
-part of the nation are held in bondage by their fellow-citizens; and
-whereas slavery is contrary to the principles of natural justice, of
-our republican form of government, and of the Christian religion,
-and is destructive of the prosperity of the country, while it is endangering
-the peace, union, and liberties of the States; and whereas
-we believe it the duty and interest of the masters immediately to
-emancipate their slaves, and that no scheme of expatriation, either
-voluntary or by compulsion, can remove this great and increasing
-evil; and whereas we believe that it is practicable, by appeals to
-the consciences, hearts, and interests of the people, to awaken a
-public sentiment throughout the nation that will be opposed to the
-continuance of slavery in any part of the republic, and by effecting
-the speedy abolition of slavery, prevent a general convulsion; and
-whereas we believe we owe it to the oppressed, to our fellow-citizens
-who hold slaves, to our whole country, to posterity, and to God,
-to do all that is lawfully in our power to bring about the extinction
-of slavery, we do hereby agree, with a prayerful reliance on the
-divine aid, to form ourselves into a society to be governed by the
-following constitution:—</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span><span class='sc'>Article I.</span>—This society shall be called the <span class='sc'>American Anti-Slavery
-Society</span>.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article II.</span>—The objects of this society are the entire abolition
-of slavery in the United States. While it admits that each State
-in which slavery exists has, by the constitution of the United States,
-the exclusive right to <em>legislate</em> in regard to its abolition in said State,
-it shall aim to convince all our fellow-citizens, by arguments addressed
-to their understandings and consciences, that slaveholding
-is a heinous crime in the sight of God, and that the duty, safety,
-and best interests of all concerned require its <em>immediate abandonment</em>,
-without expatriation. The society will also endeavor, in a constitutional
-way, to influence Congress to put an end to the domestic
-slave trade, and to abolish slavery in all those portions of our common
-country which come under its control, especially in the District
-of Columbia, and likewise to prevent the extension of it to any
-State that may be hereafter admitted to the Union.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article III.</span>—This society shall aim to elevate the character
-and condition of the people of color, by encouraging their intellectual,
-moral, and religious improvement, and by removing public
-prejudice, that thus they may, according to their intellectual and
-moral worth, share an equality with the whites of civil and religious
-privileges; but this society will never, in any way, countenance the
-oppressed in vindicating their rights by resorting to physical force.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article IV.</span>—Any person who consents to the principles of this
-constitution, who contributes to the funds of this society, and is not
-a slaveholder, may be a member of this society, and shall be entitled
-to vote at the meetings.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article V.</span>—The officers of this society shall be a president,
-vice-presidents, a recording secretary, corresponding secretaries, a
-treasurer, and an executive committee of not less than five nor more
-than twelve members.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article VI.</span>—The executive committee shall have power to
-enact their own by-laws, fill any vacancy in their body, and in the
-offices of secretary and treasurer, employ agents, determine what
-compensation shall be paid to agents and to the corresponding secretaries,
-direct the treasurer in the application of all moneys, and
-call special meetings of the society. They shall make arrangements
-for all meetings of the society, make an annual written
-report of their doings, the expenditures and funds of the society,
-and shall hold stated meetings, and adopt the most energetic measures
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span>in their power to advance the objects of the society. They
-may, if they shall see fit, appoint a board of assistant managers,
-composed of not less than three nor more than seven persons residing
-in New York city, or its vicinity, whose duty it shall be to render
-such assistance to the committee in conducting the affairs of
-the society as the exigencies of the cause may require. To this
-board they may from time to time confide such of their own powers
-as they may deem necessary to the efficient conduct of the society’s
-business. The board shall keep a record of its proceedings, and
-furnish a copy of the same for the information of the committee, as
-often as may be required.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article VII.</span>—The president shall preside at all meetings of
-the society, or, in his absence, one of the vice-presidents, or, in
-their absence, a president pro tem. The corresponding secretaries
-shall conduct the correspondence of the society. The recording
-secretary shall notify all meetings of the society and of the executive
-committee, and shall keep records of the same in separate
-books. The treasurer shall collect the subscriptions, make payments
-at the direction of the executive committee, and present a
-written and audited account to accompany the annual report.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article VIII.</span>—The annual meeting of the society shall be held
-each year at such time and place as the executive committee may
-direct, when the accounts of the treasurer shall be presented, the
-annual report read, appropriate addresses delivered, the officers
-chosen, and such other business transacted as shall be deemed expedient.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article IX.</span>—Any anti-slavery society or association founded
-on the same principles may become auxiliary to this society. The
-officers of each auxiliary society shall be ex officio members of the
-parent institution, and shall be entitled to deliberate and vote in the
-transactions of its concerns.</p>
-
-<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Article X.</span>—This constitution may be amended, at any annual
-meeting of the society, by a vote of two thirds of the members
-present, provided the amendments proposed have been previously
-submitted, in writing, to the executive committee.</p>
-
-<hr class='c006' />
-
-<p class='c000'><i>Published for gratuitous distribution, at the Office of the</i> <span class='sc'>American
-Anti-Slavery Society</span>, <i>No. 138 Nassau Street, New York</i>. <i>Also
-to be had at the Anti-Slavery Offices, No. 21 Cornhill, Boston, and
-No. 31 North Fifth Street, Philadelphia; and at the Anti-Slavery
-Depository, Salem, Columbiana Co., Ohio.</i></p>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <h2 class='c008'>Transcriber’s Notes</h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'>Some inconsistencies in spelling, hyphenation, punctuation, and
-typography have been retained.</p>
-
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