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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light

-Artillery, by Anonymous

-

-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and

-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions

-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms

-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at

-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you

-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before

-using this eBook.

-

-Title: Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery

-

-Author: Anonymous

-

-Release Date: February 4, 2023 [eBook #69950]

-

-Language: English

-

-Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at

-             https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images

-             generously made available by The Internet Archive)

-

-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE

-CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY ***

-

-

-

-

-

-  Transcriber’s Note

-  Italic text displayed as: _italic_

-

-

-

-

-[Illustration: CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY

-

-Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861]

-

-

-

-

-  Reminiscences

-

-  of the

-

-  Cleveland Light Artillery

-

-  [Illustration: Drawing of a cannon]

-

-  Cleveland

-  Cleveland Printing Company

-  1906

-

-

-  Contents.

-                                                                  PAGE

-    I. The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.                            3

-   II. A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the

-        Artillery Goes to the Front.                                20

-  III. The Campaign in Western Virginia.                            37

-       Independent Companies.                                       76

-       Barnett’s big regiment.                                      77

-       “Commissary” Harry Bingham.                                  79

-   IV.                                                              81

-  Muster List                                                       94

-  Senate Bill                                                      101

-

-

-CHAPTER I.

-

-THE ACORN FROM WHICH GREW THE OAK.

-

-

-The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose guns

-thundered on nearly all the great battlefields of the War for the

-Union, 1861-5—owed its existence to a process of evolution. It was

-the result of a growth during a period of more than twenty years.

-

-The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company, was formed in

-1837. It was composed of active, intelligent, patriotic young men

-who displayed from the first a laudable pride in the organization,

-and an ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard of

-excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were rewarded by a full

-measure of success, and the company was soon celebrated far and near

-for its fine appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military

-discipline.

-

-In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the Grays held an

-encampment on a vacant lot at the present corner of Superior and

-Erie streets. As compared to its proportions of today, Cleveland was

-then scarcely more than an overgrown village, and the territory in

-the vicinity of the spot designated above—now covered, and for miles

-beyond, with business houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval

-state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light Artillery

-Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early days for its skill in the

-art of gunnery, was present at the encampment. The fine evolutions of

-this command and its proficiency in working and handling artillery

-attracted much attention and awakened a lively interest in that arm

-of military science.

-

-The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once decided that they

-would have a gun squad. No sooner said than done, and nine members of

-the company were detailed for that purpose, as follows:

-

-  David L. Wood,

-  Edward S. Flint,

-  Edward A. Scovill,

-  Richard Dockstader,

-  Frank Krieger,

-  F. H. Utley,

-  James A. Craw,

-  James B. Wilbur,

-  C. J. Merriam.

-

-David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun Squad. He had

-formerly lived in Buffalo and had served as a gunner in Major Fay’s

-company, but had removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous

-member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained and mounted on

-a carriage which, as well as the caisson, was of home manufacture,

-made at the expense of the company. The early drills were held in

-a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery. The

-building was owned by the Ohio Stage Company, which, before the

-days of railroads, was operating its lines of public conveyance.

-These premises were used for five or six years, when more commodious

-quarters were provided.

-

-In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a military station

-at the rapids of the Maumee river, near Perrysburg, Ohio, built

-by General William Henry Harrison in 1813. A number of military

-companies from various parts of the West attended the meeting—among

-them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The members of both

-organizations distinguished themselves by their accuracy in drill and

-their soldierly bearing, for which they bore away a large share of

-the honors.

-

-Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the young

-artillerists continued their practice with the greatest assiduity,

-attaining a perfection that was in the highest degree creditable,

-and they fairly deserved the plaudits that were so freely bestowed

-upon them whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction

-and assistance were received from members of Major Fay’s company,

-before mentioned. The drill was in the French style of tactics then

-in vogue, and generally known as “flying artillery.”

-

-In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays, forming a separate

-organization known as the Cleveland Light Artillery, with two

-12-pound guns, and a large increase in its active membership. David

-L. Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this early day

-belonged to the company were James Barnett, W. E. Lawrence, Seymour

-Race, W. H. Hayward and W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in

-active membership and were prominent during the war as members of the

-First Ohio Light Artillery.

-

-The increase in the company, both in size and equipment, made it

-necessary to have better quarters. An armory was built on Bank

-street, in the rear of what is now the block next north of the

-Mercantile National Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie

-street barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted battery

-of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything complete, all

-of which equipment was provided at private expense, as were also

-the uniforms of the men. Whenever the battery appeared on public

-occasions or went out for field practice all expenses including the

-use of horses were borne by the company.

-

-On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment was held at

-Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was invited to

-participate. The company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march

-from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance both ways being

-something over one hundred miles. This would not have been considered

-much of a march during the war, but it was the first campaign of the

-company, and was a great event in those days. During their stay at

-Wooster the artillerymen received the highest encomiums for their

-excellent appearance and drill.

-

-July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention was held at

-Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent invitation to attend, going

-by lake on the steamer Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded

-by Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company gave several

-exhibitions, acquitting itself with such credit as to win unstinted

-praise. The effect was to stir up the military spirit in Chicago to

-such a degree that a light battery was at once organized there. The

-Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise assisted in

-equipping the battery.

-

-The Chicago company owed its existence in a great measure to the

-Cleveland Artillery. It grew and prospered, and early in the war

-became the nucleus of the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery,

-as the Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed, it may

-fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland Artillery was

-a wide-spread, and a potential factor, through the removal of its

-members from time to time, in awakening an interest before the war

-in that arm of the military service. During the war there was no

-inconsiderable number of artillery officers who entered the army from

-other states, whose first instruction was received years before,

-while members of the old Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was

-usually from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty years

-and more of its existence many of these dropped out of the ranks and

-were widely scattered, their places being filled by others. The seed

-thus sown produced an abundant crop of artillerymen.

-

-General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he was directing

-the march of some artillery through one of the valleys between the

-mountain ranges near Chattanooga. The weather was cold and wet and

-the roads wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast in

-the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons were sunk to the hubs

-and obstinately refused to budge an inch, despite the floundering

-efforts of the panting horses and the picturesque profanity of the

-drivers. Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about equally

-discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition, sat on his horse

-surveying the scene, apparently caring little whether there were any

-stars left in the old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with

-him and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the mire. In

-conversation with him the general learned that the captain was an

-old-time member of the Cleveland artillery, and it was in consequence

-of what he learned in that company that he was induced to raise a

-battery and go to war in earnest.

-

-In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain of the Artillery

-and continued in that position for four years. David L. Wood was then

-again chosen and continued in command until a short time before the

-breaking out of the war.

-

-The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and popular that in

-1851 it was doubled in strength and its armament was increased to

-four guns. At this time there was no organization of the militia

-of Ohio, and very little had been done by the state authorities

-to foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could then have

-believed that ten years later the tocsin of war would be sounded, and

-that more than three hundred thousand men from Ohio alone would march

-to the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed” soldiering,

-either. It is safe to say that Ohio will never again be found in a

-state of such unreadiness—but may the good Lord deliver us from any

-more war! The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will all

-devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who served in the Civil

-War, they know when they have had enough.

-

-After much urging and coaxing the state authorities did at length

-consent to lend a helping hand. When the Cleveland Artillery was

-enlarged to a four-gun battery the state furnished the guns and

-harness. The company supplied everything else, including caissons,

-uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained its status

-as an independent organization. In fact there was no law of Ohio

-authorizing artillery companies in any shape, and the small aid

-that was grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more of a

-gratuity than anything else.

-

-But the company continued to prosper just the same. Its membership

-was composed of excellent material, including young men from many

-of the best families of the city. All were earnest and ambitious

-in their efforts and they soon reached a high state of skill and

-efficiency in handling their guns and in all the details of the

-tactics in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms

-for public occasions, with plenty of red in them, suggestive of

-sanguinary scenes, and presented a really gorgeous appearance when

-parading the streets. They won the applause of the multitude, the

-smiles of the fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For

-in those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded with

-unspeakable awe; and a man in military dress awakened the liveliest

-emotions in the popular mind.

-

-In February, 1852, the company was first called upon for military

-duty. On the 17th of that month a serious riot occurred at a medical

-college situated at the corner of Prospect and Ontario streets.

-The trouble grew out of the exposure of some human bones from the

-dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be the remains of

-his daughter, whose body he thought had been stolen for dissection,

-gathered a formidable mob of excited people and moved upon the

-college with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and of

-hanging the doctors and students to the nearest lamp posts. The

-sheriff soon found that he had more on hand than he could manage and

-ordered out the Light Artillery to his assistance. The members of

-the company responded with alacrity and promptly appeared upon the

-ground, unlimbering their pieces they double shotted them in full

-view of the rioters, who were warned that if they did not instantly

-disperse the guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts, ready

-to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and fled from the scene,

-in a slate of confused demoralization. For precautionary reasons the

-battery remained on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours,

-by the end of which time the excitement had abated and there was no

-repetition of the hostile demonstration.

-

-This incident clearly showed the value of such a body of trained men,

-to meet emergencies liable at times to arise in a rapidly growing

-city, where sudden excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking

-men to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities at

-defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory, fortunately a

-bloodless one. Its members were highly complimented for their prompt

-response to the call and their cool steadiness in the face of the

-excited mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were made of,

-though not to be compared with the scenes of carnage that some of

-those men faced without flinching in after years.

-

-The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in the Light Artillery,

-and to give the company substantial support and assistance. Again it

-became necessary to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient

-funds were contributed by the citizens and the members of the company

-to build a new armory. The building was erected in 1852, near the

-present junction of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on

-which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.

-

-The fame of the company went abroad throughout the land and

-invitations were received from far and near to attend large public

-gatherings. In 1852 an excursion was made by lake to Sandusky, at

-the request of citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists

-were handsomely entertained. In September of the same year the

-anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane was celebrated by an

-immense assemblage of people with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara

-Falls. The Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large number

-of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There the horses were

-hitched to guns and caissons and the company marched to the Falls,

-attracting much attention along the route. The battery took an

-active part in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major Fay’s

-“crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853 the Cleveland company

-attended by special invitation a large encampment of the New York

-state militia at Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery was

-warmly received and was a prominent feature of the encampment.

-

-The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or three years when, the

-location being for various reasons undesirable, it was decided to

-move once more. Quarters were secured near the business center of the

-city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a few rods west of

-Bank street, occupied after the war by Montpellier’s Variety Theater.

-Here the battery continued to abide until it went to the “front” in

-1861.

-

-At this time the company was in better condition than ever before.

-In good quarters, with full battery equipment and fine uniforms, and

-in an admirable state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as

-a model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light Artillery

-and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of the Rover Guards of

-Cincinnati, attended a great military gathering in that city, to

-celebrate the anniversary of Washington’s birthday. There were

-present a large number of the best drilled and equipped independent

-companies of Ohio and other states. None of them surpassed the

-Cleveland contingent in excellence of drill and martial bearing.

-

-During the next three or four years annual encampments were held

-for practice in gunnery and field evolutions, and in the various

-duties of camp life. Frequent excursions continued to be made, in

-response to invitations received from all parts of the country. The

-citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation of the

-high standing of the company and the honor it had conferred upon the

-city by tendering its members occasional banquets which were largely

-attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment. These unsought

-recognitions were most gratifying to the artillerymen and incited

-them to the utmost efforts to “go on unto perfection.”

-

-It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest degree

-creditable to the company—that during all this time, embracing

-a period of twenty years, the large expenses pertaining to the

-organization, such as the purchase of uniforms and equipments

-of every kind, the building or rental of quarters, the cost of

-transportation and the employment of horses, were cheerfully paid by

-the members of the company, with some assistance from time to time

-by the citizens of Cleveland. The state furnished no part of the

-equipment except the guns and harness, and these only for a portion

-of the time.

-

-Below is given a complete roster of those whose names were borne

-upon the roll of the company at different times during these years.

-The names of the nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the

-Gun Squad have already been given. The list which follows embraces

-all who joined and served in its ranks from that time until the

-reorganization of the battery under the militia law of Ohio. The

-older residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar with its

-people of thirty and forty years ago, will recognize in this roster

-the names of many who are now, or were in the past, distinguished as

-honorable and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions

-in business, professional or political life. A large part of the

-old members of the Light Artillery are now dead. A considerable

-number of these made the supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar

-of patriotism, during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose

-names appear removed to other parts of the country and rose to

-prominence in the various walks of life. Some, including two of

-three of the detail from the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around

-Cleveland, commanding the highest respect and esteem of their

-fellow-citizens.

-

-These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized association to

-perpetuate the memories of “auld lang syne.” Regularly each year, on

-Washington’s birthday, they meet around the social board and recall

-reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance their

-comrades who died for their country, and upon the annual recurrence

-of Decoration Day they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves

-of those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland. The

-association is gradually diminishing in number, as one by one its

-members yield to the infirmities of age, but as long as any of them

-remain these yearly gatherings will be continued.

-

-The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery is as

-follows, including all whose names were on its roll from the

-beginning till the reorganization under the state law, in 1860:

-

-  Andrews, J. S.

-  Adams, S. E.

-  Abbey, H. G.

-  Ashcraft, S. F.

-  Adams, M.

-  Barnett, James

-  Bond, M. P.

-  Bond, T. N.

-  Brown, Ben.

-  Beardsley, E. S.

-  Bliss, Stoughton

-  Bingham, Henry

-  Bradburn, Charles

-  Bennett, James

-  Bennett, John A.

-  Brown, J. C.

-  Burwell, H. F.

-  Berry, William

-  Bradford, Charles

-  Beardsley, Clint.

-  Babcock, C. H.

-  Bynnar, C. E.

-  Benjame, John

-  Bills, George W.

-  Bocking, R. C.

-  Blake, I. W.

-  Berry, Alfred

-  Baldwin, N. A.

-  Beck, D. D.

-  Bull, John

-  Born, C. P.

-  Beckel, F.

-  Broat, J. H.

-  Burkhardt, J. H.

-  Cowan, William

-  Cowan, John.

-  Calkins, G. W.

-  Casement, John S.

-  Craw, James A.

-  Crawford, Randall

-  Coon, John

-  Cowdry, C. W.

-  Cowdry, J. M.

-  Craigen, William

-  Cate, William

-  Champlain, Wm. A.

-  Chapman, W. H.

-  Craig, William

-  Crawford, Frank

-  Chapin, E.

-  Curtis, A. F.

-  Clayton, D. B.

-  Crable, John

-  Cummings, B.

-  Dockstader, Richard

-  Dockstader, W. J.

-  Dunham, C. H.

-  Dexter, B. F.

-  Douglass, R. B.

-  Dunn, J. E.

-  Dumont, W.

-  Ensworth, J. W.

-  Ensworth, Jere

-  Eddy, F. H.

-  Eldridge, George D.

-  Edgarton, W. P.

-  Flint, Edward S.

-  Freeman, J. H.

-  Feickert, C.

-  Geer, Hezekiah

-  Green, J. M.

-  Gerlacher, J.

-  Gruninger, Fred

-  Gardner, O. S.

-  Grimshaw, J. W.

-  Hayward, W. H.

-  Harmon, J. C.

-  Hill, James

-  Higby, Charles

-  Harbeck, J. S.

-  Houghton, D. W.

-  Haskill, J. R.

-  Hilliard, William

-  Haidenburgh, J. H.

-  Ingersoll, John

-  Jones, Samuel

-  Johnson, J. W.

-  Krauss, G.

-  Kelley, George

-  Kittell, William

-  Krieger, Frank

-  Lawrence, W. E.

-  Lyon, W. A.

-  Langell, S. F.

-  Lucas, M.

-  Leonard, Charles

-  Lewis, E. H.

-  Lewis, S. J.

-  Marshall, Alex.

-  Machette, Thomas H.

-  Merwin, A.

-  McDole, N. K.

-  McOmber, J. H.

-  Merriam, C. J.

-  Miller, W. L.

-  Miller, James

-  McMurphy, P. F.

-  Mastick, H. A.

-  McIlrath, James

-  Matthews, H.

-  Marshall, Geo. F.

-  Newell, N. M.

-  Noble, H. M.

-  Nelson, S. N.

-  Nelson, N.

-  Pickersgill, William

-  Palmer, Horace

-  Perry, J. S.

-  Paddock, T. S.

-  Potts, W. H.

-  Potts, R. C.

-  Pynchon, J. B.

-  Patrick, C. L.

-  Pratt, D. M.

-  Price, David

-  Prentiss, W. W.

-  Pelton, F. S.

-  Race, Seymour

-  Rice, Percy W.

-  Reese, C. S.

-  Redhead, N. W.

-  Ruple, D. S.

-  Robinson, J. T.

-  Robison, W. S.

-  Ruff, Peter

-  Rodder, C. B.

-  Russell, C. L.

-  Scovill, O. C.

-  Scovill, Edward A.

-  Standart, W. E.

-  Standart, W. L.

-  Standart, S. H.

-  Standart, Geo. W.

-  Simmonds, W. R.

-  Sholl, W. H.

-  Seymour, Belden

-  Strong, J. T.

-  Sterling, J. M. Jr.

-  Sterling, E.

-  Simmonds, S. J.

-  Selden, C. A.

-  Sturges, S. B.

-  Sanford, E.

-  Sanford, Nelson

-  Sanford, J. R.

-  Sturtevant, S. C.

-  Stevenson, M.

-  Smith, Pard B.

-  Sweeny, Thomas T.

-  Stevens, W.

-  Sheldon, W. B.

-  Silsbee, S.

-  Story, J.

-  Smidt, N.

-  Schent, D.

-  Shields, J. C.

-  Taylor, D. C.

-  Thompson, T. J.

-  Towner, W.

-  Umbstaetter, D.

-  Utley, F. H.

-  Wood, David L.

-  Walworth, John

-  Walworth, William

-  Whittemore, M. C.

-  Whittemore, H. L.

-  Warmington, William

-  White, N. D.

-  Winslow, John

-  Wilbur, J. B.

-  Wehl, V.

-  Weidenkopf, N.

-  Werlig, A.

-  Wilson, F.

-

-Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery, it will be

-fitting to pay deserved tribute to the memory of David L. Wood, who

-served as its commandant for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and

-ability the company was so largely indebted for its honorable and

-successful career. He was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut,

-August 14, 1817. While yet a lad his parents removed to Buffalo,

-where he learned the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed

-to Cleveland and at once identified himself with the Grays. His

-connection with Fay’s Artillery Company in Buffalo, his detail from

-the Grays as sergeant of the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services

-in the battery have already been mentioned. Under the law passed in

-1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was appointed by Governor

-Chase to the responsible position of Quartermaster General of the

-state. So faithfully and efficiently did he discharge the duties of

-the position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison and was at

-the head of that most important department of the state executive

-when the war broke out in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability

-in fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded to

-the call. But the true military spirit was strong in him and nothing

-could satisfy him but active service in the field. He resigned his

-position at Columbus and having been by the President commissioned

-a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he

-went to the front in December. His regiment was afterward assigned

-to Thomas’s corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar

-thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so fearfully

-decimated, he was severely wounded. When partially recovered he asked

-to be placed on such duty as he could perform and was put in charge

-of a recruiting station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan made

-his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took command of a hastily

-organized company and joined in the pursuit of the rebel troopers,

-bearing an honorable part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon

-after this, although still suffering from the effects of his wound,

-he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment in the field, but it

-was not granted by reason of his disability and he was placed on the

-retired list.

-

-He went to Cleveland where he was several times elected a Justice

-of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to New York, in the hope that the

-climate might prove more favorable to his failing health. He grew

-worse, however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland. He was

-almost immediately prostrated by severe illness, which terminated

-fatally a few days later. On May 2nd he died, sincerely mourned by a

-wide circle of friends, and particularly by his old comrades of the

-Cleveland Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately

-associated.

-

-Many will remember that for two or three years before the war, as

-the fast-growing sentiment against slavery became more active and

-aggressive in the North, there were mutterings that boded ill for

-the peace of the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds

-that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally burst upon

-the country in all its savage fury. These “signs of the times”

-had the effect, everywhere, to arouse the state authorities from

-their lethargy and measures were taken to encourage and promote the

-organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature of Ohio

-passed a militia law. The friends of the Cleveland Light Artillery

-had for years been hammering at the law-givers, urging the importance

-of state aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its way

-into the minds of the state officials and members of the Legislature,

-that an emergency might arise when a few serviceable cannon, and

-trained men to use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the

-new law they authorized the formation of artillery companies, each

-to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two sergeants and twenty

-privates, with one gun and caisson. The law further provided for the

-organization of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than

-six of such one-gun companies.

-

-In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland Artillery—four

-guns—was at once reorganized into four companies, and there were

-added one in Brooklyn, Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula

-county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though

-its strength in men and guns was only that of a single battery after

-things were placed upon a war footing. The following field and staff

-officers were elected and commissioned by the Governor August 1, 1860:

-

-  Colonel—James Barnett.

-  Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.

-  Major—Clark S. Gates.

-  Surgeon—C. E. Ames.

-  Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.

-  Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.

-

-The companies of the regiment were commended as follows:

-

-  Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.

-  Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.

-  Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.

-  Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.

-  Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.

-  Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.

-

-The organization was officially designated as the “First Regiment

-of Light Artillery, Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer

-Militia.”

-

-The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment” was at the

-unveiling of the statue of Commodore Perry, in Cleveland, September

-10th, 1860. The occasion was an imposing one, and a number of

-military companies from abroad were present and participated in the

-parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island, which was Commodore

-Perry’s native state. The visiting troops and distinguished guests

-accompanying them were hospitably entertained during their stay in

-Cleveland by the members and friends of the Artillery and the Grays.

-A few months later the pomp and glory of a holiday pageant were

-exchanged for the stern realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns

-of the Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell into the

-ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.

-

-Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860. As the

-political campaign of that year progressed the result was

-foreshadowed by the strong drift of public sentiment at the North.

-The “fire-eaters” of the South wrought themselves into a high

-state of excitement over their prospective defeat and for a month

-before the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession and

-revolution in such a contingency. The northern people were slow to

-believe that these declarations were anything more than “wind.” Even

-when they began to take definite form, after the election, the number

-was yet small who believed there would be a conflict of arms.

-

-The success of the Republican party in the election was made the

-pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks later South Carolina packed

-her knapsack and marched out of the Union. Six other states followed

-closely upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten at the

-ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box, but—as those

-most interested in this volume will remember, for they helped to

-make it so—this experiment was equally unsatisfactory to them in its

-outcome.

-

-By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and the people of

-the South to show great activity in the organization of military

-companies, the impression became quite general throughout the North

-that the situation was critical and there was serious trouble

-ahead—and not very far ahead, either. The great “coming event” of the

-century was “casting its shadow before.” Every day but strengthened

-and intensified the determination, through the great, loyal North,

-that at all hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag

-protected from dishonor.

-

-During the winter of 1860, months before the North was aroused by

-the mighty reveille that sounded amidst the echoes of Sumter, many

-independent companies then existing made a voluntary offer of their

-services, provided they should be needed. Among the first to show a

-desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was the Cleveland

-six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon as there began to be a

-smell of powder in the air the members of this organization promptly

-developed an appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General of

-Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services and stating that

-they might be depended upon to respond instantly to the call of duty.

-In two or three days an answer was received. The Adjutant General

-commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and in the name of

-the state thanked them effusively for their noble offer, but added

-that he had no idea they would be called upon, _as it was not at all

-probable that any cavalry or artillery would be required_! No doubt

-this official’s views soon underwent a most radical change. But his

-depressing letter had the effect of the proverbial “wet blanket” upon

-the more enthusiastic artillerists, who were beginning to actually

-suffer for a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be “much

-of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that during the ensuing

-four years there was not enough to go around; everybody who wanted

-any of it had abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after the

-Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General some of them really

-mourned over the prospect of “getting left.”

-

-

-

-

-CHAPTER II.

-

-A PROMPT RESPONSE TO WAR’S ALARMS AND THE ARTILLERY GOES TO THE FRONT.

-

-

-At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky day—April

-12, 1861, the rebel batteries at Charleston opened fire on Fort

-Sumter. The fort was surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On

-this day President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling out

-seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months. That night it went

-out by telegraph, and on Monday the people of the North knew that the

-last hope of compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war” had

-been slipped, and the country was to be tested in the fierce crucible

-of a mighty conflict. None who witnessed it, or were a part of it,

-can ever forget the grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses,

-from Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio river, to

-avenge the insult of the National Flag. It need only be alluded to

-in this connection. The quotas of the various states under the first

-call for troops were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more

-than filled in a single day. All the organized military companies in

-Ohio offered their services, and all were clamorous that they should

-be accepted. There seemed to be a generally prevailing fear that the

-war would be “all over” before they could get there.

-

-The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad of the Cleveland

-Artillery was detailed more than twenty years before—left amidst

-prodigious excitement for Columbus, became Company E of the First

-Ohio Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But so far

-there was no call for the artillery. How all the men, from Colonel to

-powder-monkey, chafed in the impatience of their raging patriotism.

-It would be sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove

-that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no artillery would

-be needed”—or if a few cannon should be required the batteries of

-the Regular Army would supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would

-remain “out in the cold.”

-

-But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys, who were

-fretting themselves sick, had not long to wait for the glad summons.

-On Saturday, April 20, the following dispatch went singing over the

-wires:

-

-  Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.

-

-  To Colonel James Barnett,

-  Cleveland, O.

-

-  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including

-  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday if possible. You can

-  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring

-  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain

-  Colonel’s rank. By order—

-

-  H. B. Carrington,

-  Adjutant General.

-

-This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the evening of the day

-named. How the news spread through the city, as if borne upon the

-wings of the wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys to

-thumping and how they cheered at the tidings, while tears dimmed the

-eyes and moistened the cheeks of wives and mothers and sisters and

-sweethearts!

-

-Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to

-captains of companies:

-

-  You will report your command of twenty men ready to march to

-  Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at the Public Square. You

-  will have your piece and caisson and harness complete at the depot

-  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten

-  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A. M., under the

-  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior

-  officers.

-

-  By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.

-

-  James Barnett,

-  Colonel First Regiment Artillery,

-  S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.

-

-

-A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir up that company, and

-a telegram was sent to Geneva, carrying the news to Company F.

-

-“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as the artillerymen

-hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation for “going to war.”

-In Cleveland, as everywhere else, there was a furious ferment of

-excitement. For the moment business of every kind was laid aside.

-The one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands and sons

-and brothers had been called to the field to defend the nation’s

-flag. Not only their immediate friends but the citizens generally

-put forth every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.

-Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made. But no stimulating

-force was then necessary, for every heart was swelling with patriotic

-ardor and the spirit of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the

-utterance of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to express

-sympathy with those who had fired on the flag his life would not have

-been worth a rush. If there were any such, they kept prudently quiet.

-People shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words of cheer

-and encouragement to those who were about to leave for “the front.”

-The boys had little need, however, of being urged to obey the call

-of duty, and sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state

-of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their guns in the

-face of the foe.

-

-The state of public feeling was about as hot as it could be, but on

-Sunday morning another dispatch was received which added more fuel to

-the fierce flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.

-It was as follows:

-

-  Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.

-

-  To Colonel James Barnett,

-

-  Can you bring your command here tonight instead of waiting till

-  tomorrow? If so, come armed.

-

-  William Dennison, Governor.

-

-

-Thus early people began to learn that there is “no Sunday in war.”

-All that day the excitement increased. Those who took the time to go

-to church listened to sermons on the duty of the hour.

-

-It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment in time to get

-away on Sunday and the Governor was informed by telegraph that it

-would leave early Monday morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny

-at Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and could be ready to

-leave that night for the rendezvous at Cleveland. The necessary

-transportation was provided and the company reported before daylight.

-Company C. from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and half the

-people of that town accompanied the boys to the city to “see them

-off.”

-

-During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there was the greatest

-activity among the members and friends of the regiment. The whole

-city was astir and fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of

-people turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading to

-Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers. The latter were,

-of course, only provided with a “pick up” outfit, it being expected

-that all necessary clothing and supplies would be furnished by the

-state authorities.

-

-In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape as possible the

-citizens contributed a sum sufficient for the purchase of one hundred

-and twenty blankets—all that could be found in Cleveland suitable

-for military use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,

-and the following memorandum of the purchases is given as an item of

-interest:

-

-                     Number.    Price.    Amount.

-

-  E. I. Baldwin        12     $ 1.48-⅓    $ 17.80

-  Taylor & Griswold     3       2.50         7.50

-  Alcott & Horton      92       2.00       184.00

-  Morgan & Root        13       1.75        22.75

-                      ———     ——————      ———————

-      Total           120                 $232.05

-

-At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about one hundred and

-sixty men, embarked on a special train. There were hasty and tearful

-farewells and the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and

-cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music of brass

-bands.

-

-At that time no one had more than a vague and foggy idea of what

-war was. It had not yet become the serious matter that it was a

-few months later, and during the four long and bitter years that

-followed. The first volunteers went to the field with a grand

-hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism, but with no

-conception of the hardship and privation and blood and fire and

-death that were before them. The sickle was sharpened but had not

-been thrust in to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no

-stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with mangled

-victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed with the dead and dying;

-no long, weary marches, through heat and cold and storm; no ravages

-of wasting disease. All these were yet as an unopened book to these

-men hastening to the field, and to those who with moistened eyes and

-beating hearts bade them farewell and God speed. Only a few then

-believed that there would be much of a war—that the trouble would not

-all be over in sixty or ninety days.

-

-The following is a roster of the regiment as it left Cleveland, the

-officers of the field and staff having been already given. A few men

-who joined some of the companies a few weeks later are included:

-

-

-COMPANY A.

-

-Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A. Bennett.

-

-  Roger D. Throup,

-  Joseph Dunn,

-  John A. Benjamin,

-  Thos J. Thompson,

-  John J. Kelley,

-  M. Eugene Cornell,

-  John H. Blair,

-  George W. Clark,

-  Thomas D. Beckwith,

-  Edward P. Anson,

-  Isaac Cramer,

-  David H. Throup,

-  Richard Dunn,

-  George Bruster,

-  Henry New,

-  Henry H. Rebbeck,

-  J. Hale Sypher,

-  W. M. Camp,

-  Henry Moels,

-  Daniel Reynolds,

-  John R. Milton,

-  Amasa Bailey,

-  William Bruner.

-

-

-COMPANY B.

-

-Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First Sergeant,

-Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant Mathias Adams.

-

-  Daniel Scheuer,

-  George Chapin,

-  John Galcher,

-  Andrew Worley,

-  Charles B. Rodder,

-  Peter Ruff,

-  Adolph Menzelman,

-  Peter Reidenbach,

-  Lewis Fahrion,

-  Frederick Beckel,

-  Leonard Nerriter,

-  Abraham Fredericks,

-  Michael Schoemer,

-  Nicholas Weidenkopf,

-  William Ebert,

-  Lawrence Nigel,

-  Christian Tenfel,

-  Alexander Erhart,

-  Michael Lucas.

-

-

-COMPANY C.

-

-Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears; First Sergeant, F.

-S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C. Schneider.

-

-  Levi Fish,

-  William Fish,

-  Alexander Heve,

-  F. W. Wirth,

-  William Llewellyn,

-  C. E. Marcellus,

-  Frank Storer,

-  George Lyon,

-  G. R. Davis,

-  Edward S. Brainerd,

-  Abel Fish,

-  Henry Fish,

-  John C. Brainerd,

-  C. M. Dean,

-  J. H. Boyden,

-  J. L. Hand,

-  E. S. Allen,

-  William Grotzinger,

-  Frank Wattles,

-  Henry Roberts,

-  George Schmale.

-

-

-COMPANY D.

-

-Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First Sergeant, E. F.

-Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.

-

-  W. P. Edgarton,

-  George D. E. Murray,

-  D. S. Davis,

-  William Kidd,

-  H. G. Vincent,

-  Frank Wilson,

-  Robinson Smith,

-  S. W. Killam,

-  C. H. Rice,

-  G. W. Tillotson,

-  J. S. Harbeck,

-  N. A. Baldwin,

-  George Crawford,

-  J. C. Shields,

-  Henry Orland,

-  J. A. Sterling,

-  W. A. Champlin,

-  Alexander Marshall,

-  L. W. Thatcher,

-  Orlando S. Gardner.

-

-

-COMPANY E.

-

-Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck; First Sergeant,

-Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine Heckman.

-

-  Louis Smithnight,

-  Frank Thaler,

-  Conrad Schwendner,

-  George Eshenbrenner,

-  George Bruehler,

-  Fred Wetzel,

-  Gerhardt Schmidt,

-  Henry Trumpy,

-  J. A. Zeller,

-  Albert Rigler,

-  Jacob Bomhardt,

-  George W. Payson,

-  Charles Herig,

-  William Schutt,

-  George Kugler,

-  George Wolf,

-  August Beiser.

-

-

-COMPANY F.

-

-Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S. Munger; Second

-Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second

-Sergeant, C. D. Lane; Corporal, J. H. Coller.

-

-  H. H. Thorp,

-  A. D. Myers,

-  W. E. Proctor,

-  M. L. Fitch,

-  H. W. Gage,

-  Theodore Stroughton,

-  Frank Viets,

-  E. D. Turner,

-  W. H. H. Crowell,

-  D. W. Dorman,

-  A. A. Burrows,

-  A. R. Paddock,

-  A. B. Thorp,

-  M. D. Stowe,

-  Myron Bartholomew,

-  M. Y. Ransom,

-  A. B. Smith.

-

-Musician—James Willis.

-

-Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon Chambers, Edward Gates,

-Thomas Morris.

-

-It may be remarked here in passing that the men were not long in

-learning that there was something in “soldiering” besides romance and

-“flowery beds of ease.” Before June 1st six or seven of them had been

-discharged for disability by reason of sickness, and one made up his

-mind that he had got all he wanted and deserted.

-

-All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed and shouted in the

-exuberance of their patriotic emotions, and told one another of the

-valorous deeds they would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded

-them. At all points along the route the people greeted them with

-uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted the guns and caissons,

-which were on platform cars, were regarded with the utmost curiosity

-and interest by crowds of men, women and children. The engines of war

-were a novelty to them.

-

-On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed that the

-regiment would debark and go into camp for a few days at least—an

-order was received to proceed at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way

-of Loveland. It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being

-threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry companies

-from that part of the state which had offered their services had been

-sent to Washington. The city was wholly defenseless and there were

-no troops to send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.

-After something had been learned of the art of war it came to be

-considered the proper thing to always provide an infantry support

-for artillery, but nobody thought of such things at the moment of

-emergency. So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland, with

-their guns and caissons, but without a single horse to move them,

-were hurried away to prevent the rebels from capturing Marietta. It

-is but justice to the members of the regiment to say that they had

-an abiding confidence in their ability to hold that city against the

-entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went whirling on through

-the darkness all hearts were swelling with patriotism and a heroic

-determination to obey every call of duty, even to facing death in

-its most awful form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence

-wading in blood immediately.

-

-Marietta was reached early next morning but no enemy was there to

-fight. The air was full of wild rumors that legions of rebels were

-approaching, with evil designs upon the city, and the people were

-badly scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real

-cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The men were most

-cordially welcomed and received with unbounded hospitality. The

-regiment went into camp on the fair grounds, placing the guns in

-position to command the city and spread havoc and destruction among

-any misguided people who should attempt to capture it.

-

-The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in the way of

-supplies from either the state or national government. Indeed the

-men had not even been mustered into the service—and as a matter of

-fact they were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions

-were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by mail and telegraph,

-for clothing, rations, ammunition, etc., all of which were quite

-indispensable to efficient service. When ordered on from Columbus

-Colonel Barnett had been assured that everything needful would

-be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor was

-the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The Cleveland

-contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten. It was a pretty

-clear case of “out of sight out of mind.” There may have been some

-excuse for this in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly

-and found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency; nor had

-there been sufficient time as yet for the United States government

-to adjust itself to a condition of actual war and provide for the

-needs of its soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best

-they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing them to

-the front in the shortest possible time everything was in the wildest

-chaos. It is little wonder that things went at haphazard and it was

-only by chance that any officer got for his men what they needed.

-

-As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions came both

-officers and men began to get a little warm under the collar. Colonel

-Barnett prodded up the Columbus people daily, his messages growing

-more and more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been

-provided with a single horse and would have been of little practical

-value in case of an attack, unless the rebels had kindly marched up

-in front of the guns and permitted themselves to be shot down. In

-this case the slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been

-supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment passed through

-Columbus the condition of the command was reported and the Adjutant

-General had promised that horses and ammunition should be promptly

-furnished at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,

-before leaving the state capital, several pork barrels full of round

-shot, a few chests of fine rifle powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey

-stuff, ostensibly for the purpose of making cartridges. The whole

-“outfit” was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns and

-the powder was no doubt a good thing with which to go squirrel

-hunting, but was little better than so much sawdust for artillery

-use. It will be readily understood that at this time the Cleveland

-Light Artillery was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage to

-the Southern Confederacy.

-

-The men had no clothing except that which they had brought from

-home. Few had a change of garments, as it was understood when

-they left Cleveland that they would be amply supplied. They could

-rub along a while with what clothes they had but they must have

-“grub”—that was in the nature of a prime and fundamental necessity.

-Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went, but it didn’t go a

-long way in satisfying the cravings of an empty stomach. Appeals to

-the authorities were in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a

-contract with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the command.

-There was nothing else to be done, and it is just to the authorities

-to say that this bill was finally allowed and paid by the state. It

-is also fair to Mr. Hall to say that he carried out his contract in

-good faith, furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin for

-grumbling.

-

-The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was named “Camp

-Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic citizen of Marietta who was

-a direct descendant of Gen. Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary

-fame. The men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or

-two later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme. The

-kindness and hospitality of the citizens were conspicuous. No effort

-was spared to make the boys as comfortable as possible. But even

-under these favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that

-they were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good deal

-for their country. When they came to experience the real hardships

-of active service in the field they looked back with unutterable

-yearnings to the idle weeks that were largely spent in playing euchre

-and “old sledge” at Camp Putnam.

-

-Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and of the post of

-Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline and daily drills

-rapidly increased the efficiency of the command. Early efforts were

-made to secure a supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked

-up at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were no shells or

-canister, and the solid shot were not only wrong in size but they

-were not round and could not have been thrown with any degree of

-precision. Colonel Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a

-quantity of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged the use of

-a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to work turning sabots,

-and a laboratory was fitted up where cartridges were made and the

-sabots were properly strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work

-was performed by the members of the regiment. Many of them were

-excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and willing. Such men

-can do anything. The ladies of Marietta offered their services,

-glad of the opportunity to do something for the cause of the Union.

-Since the first tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint

-and preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly in

-excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody had been hurt

-yet, and a million or two of women all over the North had been

-engaged in the work. Now there was a chance for the matrons and

-maidens of Marietta to render assistance in another very practical

-way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured and immediately

-a hundred fair hands were at work, plying scissors and needle, in

-making cartridge-bags. The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a

-wonderfully short time they had finished enough to last for months.

-The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at Columbus was

-exchanged for cannon powder, and the artillery began to look more

-like business. This homemade ammunition was largely used in target

-practice, which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness. Day

-after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery, as the boys

-sighted their guns at the targets and imagined themselves hurling the

-whistling missiles through solid battalions of rebels.

-

-It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing and camp and

-garrison equipage were received. About the middle of May, Captain O.

-M. Poe, of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by

-Gen. George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery

-with a view to its being ready for service, at a moment’s notice.

-Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly pleased with the command

-and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its members.

-He assured Colonel Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped

-without further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at

-length there would be something besides mere promises. A few days

-later this was partially realized by the arrival of a quantity of

-clothing, which made the men feel more like soldiers, even though

-it was shoddy—and very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the

-garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two of wear was

-sufficient to finish them. They had to be thrown aside out of a

-decent regard for the usages and proprieties of civilized people.

-While wearing these clothes the men would break for their quarters

-and hide themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came a

-lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds. These were

-heartily welcomed, as the boys had been forced to make all sorts

-of shifts, with such articles as were kindly furnished them by the

-people of Marietta.

-

-About this time another idea appears to have effected a lodgment in

-the minds of the authorities at Columbus, and that was that horses

-were quite essential for field artillery. A stirring up by Gen.

-McClellan caused a dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing

-and directing him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or

-“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really was—by

-purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta. A day later came the

-following, which will be of interest as a relic of the early days of

-the war:

-

-  Adjutant General’s Office,

-

-  Columbus, May 25, 1861.

-

-  Special Order No. 244.

-

-  Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you have not

-  previously acted upon telegram sent this evening, you will purchase

-  for your battery 76 horses, upon the best terms you can, putting

-  them under the best discipline for prompt action.

-

-  From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected that you can

-  purchase for a sum not to exceed from 75 to 110 dollars each. The

-  army limit I understand to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at

-  these times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to whom

-  you have letters and report your proposals by telegraph.

-

-  By order of Commander-in-Chief,

-

-  H. B. CARRINGTON,

-  Adjutant General.

-

-To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the sum of $10,000

-was placed to his credit by the State of Ohio, in a Marietta bank,

-out of which the horses were to be paid for as fast as purchased. On

-the same day the above order was received, came also the following

-telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of excitement and

-caused a wild rush into the region round about to look for horses:

-

-  Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,

-

-  Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to me when ready

-  for service.

-

-  G. B. McCLELLAN,

-  Major General U. S. A.

-

-Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the battery were

-immediately sent out to scour the country. Whenever a suitable animal

-was found that could be bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel

-Barnett was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the

-sort of animal purchased and the price that had been agreed upon.

-These orders were promptly paid by Colonel Barnett with checks upon

-the bank. A few sample orders are given below. They were written on

-cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd bits of paper of

-every variety of size, shape and color:

-

-  Col. Barnett,

-

-  Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one daple gray horse.

-

-  F. W. Pelton.

-

-

-  Col. Barnett,

-

-  Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy dollars ($170)

-  for one sorril gelding and one sorril mare.

-

-  John Newton.

-

-  To Col. Barnett,

-

-  Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars in Ohio money

-  for one iron grey horse, weight eleven hundred, six years old,

-  fifteen hands high, wich we ar a going to keep with us. Sargt.

-  Gruninger want to keep him to ride and send the livery horse home.

-

-  T. R. Wells.

-

-  Col. James Barnett,

-

-  Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars for two sorrel

-  mairs, 160$.

-

-  Henry Faring.

-

-These orders, besides being of historical interest, go to show that

-correct orthography is not essential to the purest and loftiest

-patriotism. The “mairs” for which the last order was given were

-accepted, although of the wrong sex to comply with army regulations,

-which requires that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery

-service shall be of the masculine gender. Only males, of the equine

-as well as the human race, are considered to be fit for war.

-

-Within two days the required number of horses was obtained. All hands

-were busy “breaking them in” to their new sphere of usefulness.

-Trained horses are only second in value to trained men for artillery

-service. When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference

-in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear to have a plentiful

-supply of “sand” and display an intelligent courage that is almost

-heroic, while others become sadly demoralized under fire and are

-totally unmanageable.

-

-Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns into

-the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was to

-participate. Something fresh in this line was circulated through the

-camp every hour. No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned

-later to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody

-in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had a consuming

-desire to do something that would help to put down the rebellion.

-Like all new troops, at every stage of the war, they were impressed

-with the idea that their mission was to fight somebody, and they

-chafed at the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be

-strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to test the truth

-of the somewhat apocryphal statement that “it is sweet to die for

-one’s country,” it may safely be recorded that they were eager to go

-on the war-path, and as to the rest they were willing to take the

-chances. An order to move was daily expected and the utmost activity

-prevailed in the work of getting everything in perfect readiness to

-respond at once to the summons.

-

-By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta, consisting of

-the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel James B. Steadman, and the

-Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth

-had been drilling for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It

-came with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for service. The

-Eighteenth had not yet received arms and equipments, but these were

-promised at an early day. In those days a regiment of infantry meant

-a thousand men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred, such

-as were common later in the war, when the ranks had been decimated by

-disease and the deadly storm of battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached

-Marietta on the 24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.

-

-The rumors of forward movements at length assumed definite form. It

-became known that a campaign was about to begin across the river in

-Western Virginia. On May 27th the following dispatch was received:

-

-  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply him with a

-  detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.

-

-  G. B. McCLELLAN,

-  Major General.

-

-On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat to Parkersburg,

-Virginia—the state of West Virginia had not then been formed—being

-the first Union force to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took

-possession without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It was

-now reasonably certain that the artillery would very soon follow to

-take part in the campaign. Every man was directed to hold himself

-ready to be up and away at a moment’s notice.

-

-

-

-

-CHAPTER III.

-

-THE CAMPAIGN IN WESTERN VIRGINIA.

-

-

-Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of glory disturbed

-the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam during the night of May 27th.

-Nor were they far out of the way, for before another sunset, part

-of the artillery would be en route for “the front.” Early on the

-morning of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett a

-dispatch which read as follows:

-

-  Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  Send immediately to this place two companies of artillery, with

-  their pieces, horses, and three hundred rounds of ammunition.

-

-  JAMES B. STEADMAN,

-  Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.

-

-Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing Colonel Steadman

-that the battery was entirely destitute of ammunition for field

-service. A supply was hourly expected and upon its arrival the

-detachment would be sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the

-afternoon Colonel Steadman replied as follows:

-

-  Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  If you can send two of your companies with their pieces do so at

-  once. The presence of the men and guns will have a good effect.

-  Send forward as many of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed

-  and equipped. I want them to garrison this place. These are General

-  McClellan’s instructions.

-

-  JAMES B. STEADMAN,

-  Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.

-

-During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams from all sources,

-among which were the following:

-

-  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred rounds of

-  canister will be shipped to you from Columbus this evening. As soon

-  as you receive it detach two pieces with an officer and complement

-  of men with ammunition to go forward and report to Col. Steadman

-  at the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad beyond

-  Parkersburg.

-

-  G. B. McCLELLAN,

-  Major General.

-

-  Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.

-

-  To Col. Barnett:

-

-  Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan. Telegraph me

-  when you move a company. Keep me advised of all your movements.

-  Clothing and supplies go by your Quartermaster.

-

-  H. B. CARRINGTON,

-  Adjutant General.

-

-These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a continual fever

-of excitement, which grew hotter every hour. In reply to Colonel

-Steadman’s second dispatch Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the

-substance of General McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the

-two companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam was greatly

-disturbed by the question as to which two of the six companies should

-constitute this detachment. All were eager to go, apparently saddened

-by the thought that this, their first, might be their last, and only

-chance to get an experimental knowledge of what war was. The military

-career of the four companies which stayed behind would terminate in

-an inglorious journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning

-their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D, Captain Rice, and

-F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate ones. They were ordered to be

-ready to embark early on the following day. The detachment was placed

-in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.

-

-The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies D and F, with

-their guns, horses, and equipments complete, were soon on board a

-special steamboat and left in high spirits, replying with great gusts

-to the parting cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained.

-On reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve miles down

-the river from Marietta, it was found that Colonel Steadman, to

-whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges had been ordered to report with the

-detachment, had advanced some distance beyond that place on the line

-of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged in

-repairing bridges which the retreating enemy had destroyed. The

-artillery detachment pushed on promptly and joined him May 30—12 M.

-At last they were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to

-send the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia hills.

-The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen a rousing reception,

-greeting them with loud and oft-repeated cheers.

-

-At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command of the

-rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with his headquarters at

-Grafton. The loyal sentiment in Western Virginia was very strong.

-Those who favored secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed

-of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy the territory

-as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording encouragement and

-protection to the loyal people and holding that section from being

-dragged into the vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the

-great majority of the people.

-

-The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to retain possession

-to recruit their armies, secure the supplies which the country

-afforded, and bring every possible influence to bear upon the people

-to induce them to cast their fortunes with the South. To this

-end Colonel Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior

-to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a high-flown

-proclamation to the people of Western Virginia. In sounding phrase

-he called upon them to stand by their state and urged them to fill

-up the Confederate ranks and assist in protecting their firesides

-from the ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot of

-Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated “Yankees,” though it

-took every drop of blood in his veins. A few days later he and such

-of his soldiers as were not killed or captured were leaving tracks

-behind them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape

-from their blue-coated pursuers.

-

-General McClellan was in command of all the Union forces in that

-department. He planned the campaign and directed the movements that

-were so successful during the early days of the war. The services

-rendered by the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of

-inestimable value to the government, even though the amount of blood

-actually shed on either side was not large when compared with the

-copious streams that reddened the earth before the war was finished.

-The “battles” of those days would have ranked only as skirmishes

-when the great conflict was at its height, when mighty armies met

-and thousands upon thousands were slain or wounded in a single day.

-But history has justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to

-arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry saved

-Western Virginia to the Union. In this campaign the Cleveland Light

-Artillery bore a most honorable part and deserved the high praise

-which was so freely accorded to it.

-

-The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment of the

-Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced rapidly along the Baltimore and

-Ohio Railroad, moving by train with occasional stops for the repair

-of bridges and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished

-that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached, about eighty miles

-east of Parkersburg. There was occasional skirmishing on the way, and

-a few prisoners were picked up, but no action of moment took place.

-The enemy retreated at all points before the advance of the Union

-force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied, without loss of life, by a

-force under Colonel B. F. Kelley, First Virginia (Union) Volunteers,

-which made a rapid movement from Wheeling and secured a safe

-lodgment at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad haste

-upon its approach.

-

-The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg and Grafton

-fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles south of Grafton. Here they

-made a stand and announced their determination to fight. It was at

-once decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate

-advance of the Union forces upon that place was ordered. It was

-desirable to again strike the enemy before he should have time to

-fortify and otherwise strengthen his position. The rebel commander

-was calling loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of the utmost

-importance to keep him on the run before his force should be so

-augmented as to outnumber the Union troops. The greatest energy was

-displayed in the movement on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies

-of the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of the

-Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster, within 12 miles

-of Grafton, and the nearest point to Philippi. To reach the latter, a

-rapid march of fifteen miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved

-from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery in command

-of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At the same time another column

-was advancing on Philippi from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The

-whole expedition was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,

-Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General McClellan.

-

-It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see what has become

-of the four companies of the artillery which remained grumbling in

-Camp Putnam when Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment

-to join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long to wait.

-One more night in camp, and then came a summons that electrified

-them. The four companies, with all the goods, chattels and other

-appurtenances thereto belonging, embarked on a steamboat and went

-with all speed to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river

-opposite Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five

-miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders set their

-feet for the first time within the confines of Dixie’s Land. Barnett

-reported to General Morris and was directed to move his command at

-once by rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to the

-column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon Philippi. The infantry

-force consisted of portions of Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia,

-the North Indiana, Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel

-Irvine. This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles east

-of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi was to be made.

-The route was four or five miles longer than that to be traversed by

-the co-operating force to advance from Webster.

-

-General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing the

-details of the movement, dated Grafton, June 2d, 1861: You must

-regulate your march according to your own discretion, and your

-bivouac or rest at night in such manner that you are sure of coming

-before the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning as

-possible. Should you this evening receive certain information that

-the rebels have retreated eastward from Philippi, you will make the

-resting time of your troops as short as possible, in order to follow

-them up with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.

-

-The right attacking column was under the command of Colonel Dumont,

-Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to which the force of Steadman had been

-joined, with part of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The

-following is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:

-

-  Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,

-

-  Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.

-

-  Colonel Dumont,

-  Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,

-  Va.:

-

-  Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening at 8:30 o’clock

-  to Webster with eight companies of your regiment. At Webster you

-  will be Joined by Colonel Steadman with five companies of his

-  regiment and two field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel

-  Crittenden with six companies of his regiment. From Webster

-  you will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your own

-  discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in view that you

-  should arrive in front of the town at 4 o’clock precisely tomorrow

-  morning.

-

-  Information is received that the rebels are in some force at

-  Philippi. The object of your column will be to divert attention

-  until the attack is made by Colonel Kelley, and should resistance

-  be offered you are to aid him to the extent of your ability. In the

-  conduct of your column you must use your discretion, being governed

-  by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by Colonel Kelley

-  the whole force will be under his command.

-

-  The companies of your command will take two full days’ rations.

-  Should you receive instructions from Colonel Kelley that the rebels

-  have retreated, you will join him at once and act under his command.

-

-  By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:

-

-  JOHN A. STEIN.

-  Acting Assistant Adjutant General.

-

-The intention was to surprise the rebels and the movement was

-admirably planned and carried out to effect this result. This force,

-leaving after dark, had reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in

-advance of any information from their friends and, as events proved,

-did so. The advance was favored by the extreme darkness of the night

-and a continuous fall of rain. These circumstances contributed in no

-small degree to the complete success of the expedition, but they were

-rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first march under

-such dismal conditions.

-

-All night, through the darkness and drenching rain, the two columns

-pushed on, over roads so rough and muddy that they were in some

-places almost impassable to artillery. It was only by the aid of

-the men who swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to

-the wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns and

-caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism indeed. They

-tried bravely to keep up their spirits as they trudged along through

-mud and water and stumbled over the roots and stumps and stones that

-lay in their pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see

-his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the poetry and

-romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness and completeness that

-was paralyzing. Most of these men “followed the flag” during the long

-years of war. They passed through many such unspeakably wretched

-nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed to equal in misery

-those weary hours of floundering through the mire, with benumbed

-limbs and soaked and dripping garments during that night march to

-Philippi.

-

-There was no postponement of the engagement on account of the

-weather, and promptly at the appointed hour, 4 a. m., the two columns

-were in communication before the town. Like most of the so-called

-“towns” in the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place, though

-the county seat of Barbour county. It had a shabby courthouse, a

-still more shabby hotel, a few houses in which the Philippians lived,

-and a name—that was all.

-

-The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly and carefully

-made, with the object of capturing the entire rebel force, whatever

-it might be. At daylight the troops, which had nearly surrounded the

-town in order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different

-directions to spring the trap that had been set. The early morning

-visitation was a complete surprise to the rebels. There were a few

-sleepy pickets posted at isolated points, several of which were taken

-in before they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of

-them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off their

-guns and then break for the town. This alarmed the main body of the

-Confederate forces and in an instant the direst confusion prevailed.

-Colonel Porterfield and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel

-and were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily throwing on

-their clothes they quickly mounted their horses and dashed around

-endeavoring to learn what the trouble was all about.

-

-The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels of the

-retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told the rebels that

-they must fight or run and that the decision must be made at once.

-In the light of subsequent evidence it may be considered likely

-that Colonel Porterfield was willing to fight, but the Confederate

-soldiers deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not upon

-the order of their going but went at once and with the utmost

-precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,” to use a word that was

-current in war times.

-

-The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use their guns and

-they made the most of it, to the extent of sixteen rounds. Although

-sharing fully in the wild excitement of the first meeting with

-the enemy they served their pieces with a coolness and skill that

-elicited from those in command words of the highest praise. (It is a

-matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of one soldier,

-the first casualty by artillery fire in the field done by the Union

-forces, but it is undeniably true that the roar of their guns and

-the plunging shot greatly aided in demoralizing the rebels and

-accelerating the speed with which they sought a safe place far in the

-rear.)

-

-The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the efforts of

-their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They had barely time

-to get away, and left behind them a large quantity of supplies

-and material of war which had been collected. The rear end of the

-disorganized rebel procession had not disappeared when Colonel

-Kelley’s column came in sight. His advance dashed after the enemy,

-himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish. It did not

-last long, however, as the rebels fled out of range at the earliest

-possible moment. None of the Union soldiers were killed. A few were

-wounded, and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received a

-pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from duty for some

-weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing foe was impossible, owing to

-the extremely exhausted condition of the men after their all-night

-march in the storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off

-at a speed that defied successful competition. The command of the

-Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.

-

-The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had been living

-in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good breakfast had been

-prepared for them by “mine host,” but the latter suddenly found

-himself entertaining unbidden and wholly unexpected guests. The

-inordinate haste with which the rebel commander and his official

-family evacuated the town would not permit them to partake of that

-breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly thankful hearts—and

-stomachs—by a company of Union officers.

-

-The following is an extract from the official report of the affair,

-made to General McClellan by General Morris:

-

-“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely surprised,

-as the reports of those engaged in the attack attest. The failure

-to capture the entire rebel force can only be attributed to the

-storm during the night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call

-forth an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism of

-officers and men was as truly displayed in a march of fifteen miles

-in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and over a mountainous country

-as in the irresistible attack and hot pursuit of the discomfited

-enemy. The last five miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in

-one hour and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the road.

-Others threw away their haversacks and provisions to keep up, rushing

-forward with a determination that showed what spirit animated the

-command. I regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances the

-two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the time assigned for

-their meeting. An able reconnoissance in advance of Colonel Dumont’s

-column was made by Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly

-accepted, and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly indebted.

-The immediate direction of the artillery was confided to him. After

-the bridge was taken he pressed forward and joined Colonel Kelley,

-rode into the enemy’s ranks and captured the prisoner reported to

-have shot Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining the

-Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching the man, who was a

-noted secessionist and a quartermaster of the rebel forces.

-

-“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason of the fall

-of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will perceive there is much

-difficulty in making an accurate statement of the enemy’s losses. The

-killed are estimated at from fifteen to forty, which were carried

-off it is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to the

-pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp equipage, provisions,

-arms, wagons, horses and medical stores were captured, an inventory

-of which will be made as soon as possible.”

-

-When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle” and the creditable

-manner in which the “boys” had acquitted themselves, they were

-regarded as the heroes of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude.

-It was Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens

-felt a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their

-representatives in almost the first engagement of the war.

-

-That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary was not the fault

-of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had stayed no doubt there would

-have been a warm engagement. It takes two parties to get up a fight,

-and when one of them “runs away” in order that he may “live to fight

-another day,” there is no alternative but to postpone the battle

-until that day comes around. But it was a clear and unquestionable

-victory, if it wasn’t a very big one. It was memorable as being

-the first field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War. It

-was hailed through the North with loud acclaim. The newspapers

-teemed with praise of the gallant men who won it, and the mails

-were burdened with letters of congratulation and compliment from

-friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers from the North

-had that endurance and pluck of which soldiers are made; it did much

-to prick the bubble of idle boasting that one Southern man could

-whip five “Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was the

-Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some people believed,

-after Philippi, that the war was about over. Some of the victorious

-blue-coats thought so and they felt an exceeding great joy that

-they had been permitted to participate in the action that was the

-death-blow to the rebellion.

-

-The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere was only equaled

-by the apprehension and alarm in the South that were caused by

-even so trifling a defeat as this. Especially was this true of the

-Confederate forces in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an

-almost hopeless state of demoralization. One point after another was

-being seized and held by the Union troops; regiments from Ohio and

-Indiana were hurrying forward to reinforce them, and there seemed

-little hope of being able to dislodge them from that part of the

-state. After the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent

-to the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing the

-Confederate cause in that section to be in a desperate condition, and

-urging immediate and decisive steps to reorganize and reinforce the

-army, unless Western Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It

-will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts from the

-correspondence which took place at this time between rebel officials

-in Western Virginia and at Richmond. Under date of June 6th, 1861,

-Major M. G. Harman, commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert

-E. Lee:

-

-“From all the information that I have received I am pained to have

-to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield is entirely

-unequal to the position which he occupies. The affair at Philippi

-was a disgraceful surprise, occurring about daylight, there being

-no picket or guard of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that

-our men were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were only

-aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the Northwest

-and of our inexperienced soldiers depends upon an immediate change

-of commanders, and giving the command to a bold and experienced

-leader. * * * * * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain

-possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from you

-authority to call out and arm the companies from all the valley

-counties and send them to that quarter instead of their going, as

-heretofore directed, to their different rendezvous. Send up five

-thousand flint-lock muskets from Richmond and I will have them

-overhauled and put in order for use.”

-

-On the same day Major Harman sent a communication to Colonel

-Porterfield in which he said:

-

-“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied by cavalry

-and infantry, which will be joined by other troops on the way and

-the whole force will report to you at Beverly. On the day following

-from two to three thousand troops will be sent to you by President

-Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic dispatch from

-the Commander-in-Chief of our army, saying: “Send a messenger to

-tell Colonel Porterfield to be valiant and maintain his ground until

-relief reaches him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having

-received no official communication from you, but learning from

-private sources, since the disaster to our arms at Philippi, that you

-are almost without ammunition, I have determined to send you a supply

-by express.”

-

-When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did not stop running

-until they reached Huttonsville, nearly forty miles southward,

-and near Beverly, in Randolph county. From his headquarters there

-Porterfield wrote on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant

-General of the Virginia forces at Richmond:

-

-“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant, both

-officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the soldier. With

-efficient drill officers they might be made effective; but I have

-to complain that the field officers sent to command these men are

-of no assistance to me, and are, for the most part, as ignorant of

-their duties as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the

-men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good staff officers

-may be sent me to aid in organizing this raw force, than which there

-is none more so now in the service. * * * It is necessary that at

-least five thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the

-enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not soon sent

-it will be impossible to keep the open field, even as a mere corps

-of observation, but we will have to retire to the mountains, where

-it will be most difficult, if not impossible, to provision even this

-small force.”

-

-On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett and asked for

-a chance to redeem himself:

-

-“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported to have about

-five thousand men and are fortifying themselves. The same number are

-said to be at Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said to

-be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed at different

-points on the railroads. * * * A regiment from Tennessee is expected

-here tomorrow, having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of

-heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders should be sent

-to this country until some position is selected to be fortified and

-a strong and reliable infantry force is sent to support it. * * *

-The percussion caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for

-shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements are

-now expected, and we shall have active service in this part of the

-state, I desire to be continued on duty here. It was not until after

-repeated calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force

-entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty elsewhere.”

-

-But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have any more

-Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of commanders. On June

-13th General Lee wrote from Richmond to Porterfield, informing him

-that Garnett had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been sent

-to take command in Northwestern Virginia.

-

-A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the conduct of

-Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which led to the inglorious

-defeat and rout of the Confederate force. The court made an

-exhaustive investigation and submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy

-report thereupon. A few extracts from this document will be read with

-interest by those who had a hand in the game:

-

-“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at between daybreak

-and sunrise, this command was attacked and taken by surprise; no

-alarm or intimation of the enemy’s approach having been given by

-the guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within some four

-hundred yards of the place, and had commenced the fire from his

-artillery. It is shown that a main and picket guard, as strong as was

-consistent with the effective infantry force present, was regularly

-detailed and posted at distances sufficiently far out to accomplish

-the object in view, provided they knew and did their duty, which

-latter is strongly to be suspected, from the fact that, although in

-advance, they failed to give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a

-conclusion which is strengthened by the report of the mounted

-officers out with the scouting parties on the night of June 2nd,

-that they had neither seen an infantry picket nor been challenged

-by its sentinels, going from or returning to the town that night.

-It appears that immediately upon the arrival of the command at

-Philippi the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures

-to place his force, which was raw and new in service, under a course

-of instruction, and to select those in his opinion best fitted to

-instruct the sentinels and guards in their duties. The testimony

-shows that, while there was a certain degree of confusion in some

-quarters, a portion of the command moved from the town in good order,

-and that the whole force, nearly, after passing some distance, was

-reformed and proceeded in order.

-

-“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of attack or

-movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was generally entertained

-among the officers and others of the command, and that intelligence

-(how well founded is not known) was brought from time to time of the

-strength and supposed intent of the enemy.

-

-“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced its effect as

-to induce the officer in command to call a meeting of his officers;

-that the result of their consultations and deliberations was an

-almost if not entirely unanimous decision in favor of immediate

-retreat; that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room (from

-which he had been absent a short time), their opinion was conveyed

-to him, to which he seemed loath to accede; yet, determined to make

-a further examination of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the

-baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”

-

-Here follow several points in which, according to the judgment of

-this court, the commanding officer “erred.” General R. E. Lee, in

-reviewing the case, approved the finding of the court and said:

-

-“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon the coolness,

-self-possession, courage and energy displayed by Colonel Porterfield

-at the moment of attack; but he cannot exonerate him from blame

-in not taking proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in

-consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he does not think

-it necessary to do more than to express the opinion of the court, in

-the hope that the sad effects produced by the want of forethought and

-vigilance, exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered

-by the army throughout the war.”

-

-After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction. The available

-Union force was not deemed sufficient to make a further advance

-without too great risk of defeat, which would put in imminent

-jeopardy all the advantage that had been gained. For a month the

-troops lay quietly at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard

-the bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters of

-the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but the companies were

-scattered, some of them, with their guns, doing duty with the bridge

-guards. There were constant rumors of active service ahead and of

-impending attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to have

-any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without any of “war’s

-alarms” of a serious nature.

-

-During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise became a

-prominent factor in Confederate operations in Western Virginia.

-At the head of a considerable force he threatened an attack upon

-Philippi. As the Fourth of July drew near a report came to be

-currently believed that on that day he would attempt to retake the

-place. All arrangements possible for defense were made. Neither

-officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about fortifying, in the

-art of which they became so skilled at a later day, but some rude

-works had been thrown up which promised to be serviceable and “handy”

-in case of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery were

-kept in position where it was thought they might do the most good if

-there came a rebel visitation. A strong and vigilant picket guard was

-maintained to prevent anything in the nature of a surprise.

-

-Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing. Especially

-was this true of the members of the Cleveland Artillery. Much of

-the wretchedly poor, shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam

-had literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags. Some

-of them went around during those warm July days with only drawers

-to cover the nakedness of their nether limbs. They looked more like

-a congregation of beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged

-in the work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the

-“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms of the closest

-intimacy with them. Probably not one in twenty of these innocent

-young men had ever seen one of these things before. Most of them did

-not even know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the wide

-and variegated realm of animated nature. But it did not take them

-long to become extensively acquainted with him.

-

-Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious Fourth” drew near,

-and although the American Eagle seemed to be in a bad way just then,

-it was determined to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether

-or not Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding their

-dilapidated condition the members of the artillery entered into the

-matter with great gusto. The arrangements were made by a committee

-consisting of Colonels Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana,

-Lieutenant Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook, Ninth Ohio,

-Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and others. During the month

-previous the Union forces had been augmented by several additional

-regiments, as designated above.

-

-An elaborate program was made out, which included speeches, music,

-both vocal and instrumental, and, of course, the reading of that

-patriotic but somewhat musty and dusty old document, the Declaration

-of Independence. This always has been, and probably always will be,

-considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July celebration, under

-any and all circumstances, although nobody ever listens to it, or can

-remember, five minutes after a single word of what it contains. In

-casting about for a person who could read this ponderous paper with

-fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee decided upon Warren

-P. Edgarton, then a private of Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery,

-who had won some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly

-detailed for this duty.

-

-Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition of his

-wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of, and half the time was

-running around camp with only a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers.

-He had a fine physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and

-eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was three sizes

-too small, and when he crowded himself into it he looked and felt

-like a woman wearing a tightly laced corset; so that he didn’t put

-it on except on state occasions, when his usual _negligee_ uniform

-would be considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.

-He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too large for even his

-substantial and well-developed feet, in which he would go sloshing

-around camp. At night he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there

-wasn’t room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody out.

-He wore on his head a little cap which, never within an inch of his

-size, had so shrunk and shriveled under the demoralizing influence

-of sun and storm that it only lay upon the top of his head, looking

-not much bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling

-and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of raging patriots and

-read the Declaration of Independence.

-

-Something had to be done to get him into presentable shape for the

-occasion. The honor and credit of the Artillery were at stake.

-It would be an insult to the “Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a

-half-naked tatterdemalion to get up and pronounce the thundering

-sentences of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain Rice and

-others whose pride was stirred began to forage through the town for

-some clothes that would adorn Edgarton’s shapely form and redound

-to the credit of the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was

-found after a long search and the owner consented to loan it for

-the occasion. This was supplemented by broadcloth trousers, a hat

-belonging to one of the officers and a pair of fancy, high-heeled

-boots. The latter one of the boys had brought along from home, with

-a vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting down the

-rebellion. They were not large enough for Edgarton’s feet, but he

-contrived to squeeze into them at the last moment and to endure their

-pinching while he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”

-

-There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy of the

-Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia were not a literary

-folk, and few of them appeared ever to have heard of it. At length a

-copy was found, in a musty law book at the courthouse.

-

-Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he mounted the platform.

-This was followed by general laughter at his unique appearance.

-Such another “makeup” was never seen in the army, before nor since,

-in this or any other country. But he read the Declaration of

-Independence in fine style and was tremendously cheered. Lieutenant

-Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth Ohio, followed with an

-admirable address; the bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic

-songs were sung; and the celebration was a great success. The rebel

-General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered with the

-carrying out of the program.

-

-No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly and satisfactorily

-celebrated than the troops were directed to prepare at once for

-another campaign. On July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi,

-received orders to advance early the following day, occupy Belington,

-fifteen miles southward, and menace the enemy, who was in strong

-position at Laurel Hill, near that place. The movement was made

-promptly, according to the plan. The writer has before him a

-yellow, ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from Philippi.

-It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel Hill,” and announces

-the following order of the procession, the words in brackets being

-supplied for explanatory purposes:

-

-  First Virginia, four companies.

-  Milroy [Ninth Indiana].

-  Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].

-  Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].

-  Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].

-  Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]

-  First Virginia, two companies.

-  Dumont [Seventh Indiana].

-  Headquarters

-  Fulton

-  Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].

-  Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].

-  Ammunition wagons.

-  Band.

-  Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].

-

-It will be observed that both front and rear were well protected

-by artillery. The commanding general prudently sandwiched his

-headquarters in the center of the column. We must also admire the

-tender solicitude for the safety of the band, as shown by its

-position as far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns

-and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.

-

-The march was begun about midnight. The movement was rapid and at

-daylight the skirmishers struck the rebel pickets near Belington.

-A section of the artillery was immediately ordered to the front

-and a few shells were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most

-demoralizing effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported, quickly

-pushed the pickets back to the main line, which was strongly

-fortified. Some of the pickets showed fight at first and there was a

-brisk skirmish, in which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first

-casualty. George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket ball

-in the groin. He received every possible attention and as soon as

-circumstances would permit was sent to the rear. He finally reached

-his home in Cleveland but never fully recovered, dying from the

-effects of his wound, a few years later. He was the first man from

-Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.

-

-When the artillery was ordered to move there was the greatest

-activity in preparing for the impending campaign. The men were

-exceedingly anxious to acquit themselves with credit, and spared no

-pains to make the battery as effective as possible. The ammunition

-was carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were polished

-until they shone like mirrors. The men were “hard up” for clothing,

-the supply having been exceedingly limited—scanty in quantity and

-poor in quality. Every effort had been made to procure better

-supplies but without success. The state authorities and the United

-States government appeared to be about equally neglectful of the

-needs of the soldiers. Rations were generally good and sufficient,

-and there was little cause for complaint on that score.

-

-Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with excellent effect.

-The years of instruction and drill at home proved a most valuable

-school. The skill of the gunners in training their pieces and timing

-shells was such as to win for them the warmest commendations. The

-members of the infantry regiment formed a strong attachment for the

-artillerymen. They had an abiding faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s

-cannon, and when engaged in any movement seemed to be doubly

-confident if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.

-

-The order from General McClellan to General Morris was to avoid

-delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible, but to firmly press the

-enemy at all points and hold him in his works, until the co-operating

-column under General Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and

-rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain and after a hot

-fight completely routed them, capturing many prisoners and a large

-quantity of material of war. The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain

-and the prompt advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel

-position at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned it in great

-haste.

-

-During the few days that the troops under General Morris lay at

-Belington there was constant skirmishing with the enemy. Day and

-night all were kept on the alert, and the whistle of bullets began

-to be a familiar sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were

-advantageously posted and were brought into occasional use. The men

-were constantly at their posts. Now and then a shell or a solid shot

-would be sent over to the rebels, just to let them know that the

-“Yankees” were still there and wide awake. In an official report

-dated “Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General

-Morris says:

-

-“The instructions of the commanding general will be carried out,

-although it is difficult to restrain our men from advancing. I hardly

-know in what terms to convey to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness

-under such fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our

-arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond all

-question, if proof were needed, that they can be relied upon in any

-emergency. The regiments in advance are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana,

-Barnett’s Artillery, Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh

-Indiana, all of which deserve special mention.”

-

-On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington and Laurel

-Hill during the day and night previous, General Morris moved in

-pursuit. The following is an extract from a report made by him dated

-“Carrick’s Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:

-

-“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the forces of my

-command in pursuit of the enemy retreating from Laurel Hill. The

-pursuit was continued through the day in the same order as stated

-in my report of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio

-in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery, next Dumont’s

-Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana. These regiments started

-in pursuit from our resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock

-in the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the march by 5

-o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced about 6 o’clock, which by

-9 became quite heavy. The enemy left the main turnpike and turned

-towards Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain

-over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy rain the roads were

-rendered very difficult for the men and the few wagons of ammunition

-and provisions. By 11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and

-so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains becoming

-almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the whole command was up in the

-position we now occupy.

-

-“The attention of the commanding general is particularly called to

-the gallant bearing of the infantry and artillery which led the

-advance. I would also call attention to the fact that the entire

-command commenced the pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time

-to prepare even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered four

-wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to follow the command.

-These four wagons, with the little additional rations put in with the

-ammunition, are all the provisions the command has had since leaving

-Belington, except some beeves procured in this vicinity.

-

-“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty miles. When it

-is considered that we have put to flight a force equal to our own,

-and have pursued the rebels night and day for thirty hours, almost

-without provisions, over a mountainous and difficult road, and part

-of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel sure that our

-cause must be successfully maintained by men who show such gallant

-bearing and soldierly endurance.”

-

-Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford,

-which resulted in the utter defeat and rout of the rebels. Their

-commander, General Garnett, was among the killed. The story of this

-important engagement cannot be more concisely told than by giving

-almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham, who was in

-immediate command of the Union force. The report was made to General

-Morris:

-

-“In accordance with your directions, I this morning took command

-of the advance guard of your column, consisting of the Fourteenth

-Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with one section of Barnett’s Artillery,

-the Seventh Indiana, Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel

-Milroy, in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed, I

-started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to pursue the army

-of General Garnett, which, consisting, as we learned, of 4,000 to

-5,000 men and four to six cannon, had retreated from the north side

-of Laurel mountain near Belington the day before yesterday. It being

-ascertained that the enemy had retired toward the village of New

-Interest and thence, as was supposed, over a mountain road leading to

-the Shafer Fork, or main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George.

-The troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so as to

-reach the entrance of the mountain road—about seven miles march—at 6

-o’clock. A short distance after entering this path the passage was

-found to be obstructed by large trees, recently felled, in about

-twelve to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or

-four miles. Information was from time to time received that this

-force, which had some fifteen hours the start of us from Belington,

-was now only four to five miles in advance. This encouraged our

-efforts, and though for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in

-torrents and the clayey roads were in many places almost impassable,

-the spirit of the troops, without exception, as it came under my eye,

-was such as to bear them most rapidly onward under all these trials,

-super-added to that of hunger, with which the greater part of them

-had suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.

-

-At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the Shafer

-Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having within the previous two

-or three miles fired at and driven in several pickets of the enemy

-protecting those who were forming the barricades, and at one place

-we broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked. At the ford

-near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance to another ford, which

-we afterward met with one mile farther on, we saw the baggage train

-of the enemy, apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon

-as strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion, with

-Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless firing of a musket at our

-ford set the train rapidly in motion, and long lines of infantry were

-formed in order of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however,

-the arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,

-enabled the command to push forward in its original order, but the

-train and its guard had retired, leaving only a few skirmishers to

-meet us at the second ford, where, however, quite a rapid firing was

-kept up by the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for

-some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent woods of the enemy.

-

-“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and as we

-approached it we came upon the enemy’s train, the last half of it

-just crossing, in the river. The enemy was found to have taken a

-strong position, with his infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous

-bank fifty to eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the

-river, while our own position was upon the low land, nearly level

-with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance, opened fire most

-gallantly upon them, which was immediately returned by their strong

-force of infantry and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery

-was ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.

-

-As I soon perceived a position by which their left could be turned,

-six companies of Colonel Dumont’s regiment were ordered to cross

-the river about three hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill

-obliquely from our right to their left, and take them in rear. Owing

-to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of the order, this

-command crossed about double the distance intended and turned at

-first to their right, which delayed the effect of the movement. After

-some fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and, the

-hill being reported as impracticable, this command, now increased to

-the entire regiment, was ordered down to the ford, there to take the

-enemy directly in front at the road.

-

-“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s, now well up

-and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges from Barnett’s

-artillery during this movement, decided the action at once. As Dumont

-reached the road, having passed along and under their whole front,

-the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion. Dumont’s

-regiment pursued them for about one mile farther, having brisk

-skirmishing with their rear for the first half of that distance,

-during which General Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have

-been followed up most closely, and probably to the capture of a large

-portion of their scattered army, but this was absolutely impossible

-with our fatigued and exhausted troops, who had already marched

-eighteen miles or more, in an almost incessant, violent rain, the

-greater part of them without food since the evening and a portion of

-them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had been the pursuit

-of the enemy on their hasty retreat from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six

-miles distant. The troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest

-at about 2 p. m.

-

-“The result of the action proves to be the capture of about forty

-loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all the enemy’s baggage train,

-as we learn, and including a large portion of new clothing, camp

-equipage and other stores; their headquarter papers and military

-chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece of

-artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S. Garnett, is

-killed, his body being now cared for by us, and fifteen or twenty

-more of the enemy are killed and nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our

-own loss is two killed and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.

-

-“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state that just as

-the action was closing, the head regiment of the body of troops under

-yourself, though starting as I learn three hours later, the Sixth

-Indiana, under Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent

-order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the battle.

-

-“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett, Steadman,

-Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance of their officers and

-men in their long and arduous march, suffering from hunger, rain and

-cold, with their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all

-praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate and reward

-their services.”

-

-This was the most important victory that had yet been achieved

-by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that very small figures

-expressed the losses on either side, but loyal people everywhere

-were anxiously watching for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s

-Ford threw the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.

-The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to the skies—and

-it may fairly be said that they deserved it. The members of the Ohio

-artillery, with whom this chronicle has particularly to do, had added

-fresh laurels to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the

-people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in which the

-world looks upon the Six Hundred who made the historic charge at

-Balaklava. So conspicuous were their services and so gallant their

-bearing that they were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy

-at Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’ service they

-took this trophy back with them to Cleveland. It was placed in the

-Public Square, where it remaineth unto this day, with an inscription

-upon it that he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,

-was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A geographical student

-would be impressed with the fact that unless the people of Cleveland

-could fight better than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many

-cannon in that or any other war. The inscription, which was put on

-by somebody who was not within three hundred miles of the battle,

-informed the wayfarer that the gun was captured at “Corricke’s

-Forde.” The atrocious orthography greeted the public eye for nearly

-twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction of the

-old survivors of the artillery.

-

-The writer has before him the official reports of a number of

-Confederate officers who participated in the action at Carrick’s

-Ford. Naturally they magnify the Union force and losses, and in a

-measure that is ridiculous. They place the Union strength at from ten

-to fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of that number. The

-“Yankees” are estimated to have had on their hands after this action

-material for one hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional

-loss of from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered that

-General Benham, in his official report to General Morris, states that

-the Union loss was “two killed and six or seven wounded.”

-

-It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown at that time

-by officers and others on the Union side in communicating with the

-rebels. There was an evident desire to avoid the slightest word

-that would appear to be a recognition of any official authority,

-civil or military, among the insurgents. It was considered that if

-a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it was a virtual

-recognition of the power that conferred such rank upon him. So, on

-July 15, General McClellan addressed a communication “To the Officer

-Commanding the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett, Esq.,

-styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate States Army.”

-

-The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the Cleveland

-Artillery in the three months’ service. The command moved back

-to Belington and the artillery was ordered to report to General

-McClellan, who had planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after

-the rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel Barnett and

-his men for their valuable services in the campaign under General

-Morris, and expressed an earnest wish that they might accompany him

-up the Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even been

-mustered into the United States service, and the three months for

-which they were called out had expired. But, pursuant to orders,

-Colonel Barnett reported with his command to McClellan at Beverly,

-where the General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany

-his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness to

-do so. A few days later, before McClellan was ready for the Kanawha

-campaign, came the first real battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in

-Virginia, which resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell

-and brought to the people of the North an actual realization of the

-fact that they had a war on their hands. In the wild excitement that

-followed this battle General McClellan was summoned to Washington to

-take command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for further

-offensive operations in Western Virginia were for the time abandoned.

-

-A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of artillery were

-ordered to be discharged and started at once for Columbus. It should

-be stated here, to their credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had

-done all in their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing

-of the command during its service in the field. It has already been

-said that the men were but poorly supplied with clothing by the

-state and national governments, for which apparent neglect there was

-much good reason. The three months’ men were called out suddenly and

-pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency. Their

-services and sacrifices were of inestimable value to the country.

-They secured a permanent lodgment at many points beyond the border,

-and held the enemy at bay while the government was getting ready for

-the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of Sumter found the

-nation totally unprepared for such a crisis, and it is not a matter

-of wonder that the early volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism,

-responded so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided

-for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and twice Mr.

-David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen with quantities of

-clothing, food and delicacies for the sick. But for this most highly

-appreciated kindness the boys in the field would have had scarcely so

-much as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there wasn’t

-much “uniform” about the garments and they were a grotesque appearing

-lot of men for soldiers, but it gave them a comparative degree of

-comfort and they “got there just the same” as if they had been

-arrayed in all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the

-greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully and well

-and bore without complaint the discomforts and privations inseparable

-from a campaign in such a country and under such circumstances.

-

-In due time, with little delay _en route_, the artillery reached

-Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and ragged volunteers, fresh

-from fields of glory, were welcomed with great enthusiasm at the

-state capital. They had done well their part and their fame had gone

-before them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked upon as

-the saviors of their country and people of every grade and rank were

-proud to do them honor.

-

-It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry to get home,

-and the formalities necessary to their release were hurried as fast

-as possible. The officers and men were paraded for muster and were

-mustered in and out of the United States service at the same time.

-Then all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not, it is

-true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence. Less than fifty

-dollars apiece didn’t look very large for more than three months

-of such toil, hardship and danger, but for the time, with the gold

-chinking in his pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their

-financial condition was in marked contrast to the state of chronic

-insolvency in which they had been so long, for they had had no funds

-with which to patronize the sutler except such as was sent them at

-irregular intervals by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten

-dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt and loans

-were negotiated with a rapidity that soon exhausted his wealth. As a

-general thing when a man got any money it was quickly absorbed by the

-liquidation of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster at

-Columbus there was a universal squaring of accounts.

-

-The horses and other property belonging to the state were turned

-over to the authorities, and the “regiment” was soon ready to start

-for Cleveland. The men had been permitted to bring with them from

-Western Virginia (as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous

-services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s Ford, and

-four long-eared mules which the rebels had used as the propelling

-power of the cannon in their migratory wanderings. These trophies

-were guarded with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as

-they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects of the greatest

-curiosity and interest. War, right at home, was then a new thing to

-the people of the country and anything of this nature was regarded as

-a nine-days’ wonder.

-

-While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel Barnett from

-Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring at what time the artillery

-would arrive in Cleveland. The friends of the warriors as well as

-the citizens generally desired to know in order that they might give

-them a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered as soon as

-the time of departure could be definitely fixed. At length all things

-were ready, and after midnight of July 28th the happy artillerymen,

-with their trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How the

-boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out” of the depot and

-sped away toward “home, sweet home!” In fact they didn’t do much but

-yell all the way to Cleveland. Their coming had been heralded along

-the route and at every station crowds of people greeted them in the

-most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have charged dime museum

-price for looking at the gun and mules from rebeldom they would have

-made their fortunes.

-

-Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in Cleveland to

-welcome the returning volunteers with open arms. They were expected

-to arrive during the forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude

-of people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was something

-like the crowd that, more than three months before, had assembled to

-bid them farewell and God speed. Shortly before the arrival of the

-train the city militia and the fire department marched down Champlain

-street and formed in line near the railroad.

-

-At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew up to the

-point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now known as South

-Water—street a mighty volume of cheers went up from the assembled

-multitude—cheers for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers,

-and cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had captured from

-the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from the cars they were clasped

-in the arms of loved ones, who wept tears of joy at the safe return

-of sons and brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and effusive

-greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst constant cheering and

-the music of brass bands. It was a glorious reception, creditable

-alike to the people of Cleveland and to those who so well merited the

-demonstration.

-

-After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were over the returned

-soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous object in the column

-being the rebel 6-pounder, to which were attached the mules lately in

-the Confederate service. Two of the soldiers served in the capacity

-of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal of one of the teams.

-The novel outfit was prodigiously cheered along the entire line of

-march.

-

-Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department and an

-immense throng of people, the “veterans” marched up Superior street

-to the Public Square, General A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The

-whole street was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles

-of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips. The windows

-and balconies were filled with ladies, who waved their handkerchiefs

-in kindly welcome and clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers

-come back from the borders” went tramping by. Company D, Captain P.

-W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at Philippi which was loudly

-cheered—not because it was an emblem of treason but because it was

-captured by Cleveland volunteers.

-

-Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a hollow square,

-surrounded by thousands of people, and were addressed as follows by

-Judge Samuel Starkweather, who had been chosen to extend a formal

-welcome home:

-

-  To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant and noble

-  commander.

-

-I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid you a cordial

-welcome upon your return, and to tell you that Cleveland fully

-appreciates the value of your services and feels herself honored by

-your achievements. She feels that some portion of the glory which has

-fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery rests also upon

-herself.

-

-Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and have not dared to

-show their faces. The Cleveland and Geneva artillery were among the

-first to answer the call of the government to put down rebellion;

-and when it was sought to destroy the banner of our country, you,

-gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field to fight for

-its rescue, and you did not return from that field until you saw that

-beautiful banner floating from every Virginia hilltop.

-

-We have not been ignorant of the trials through which you have

-passed, and we have admired the firmness with which you overcame all

-obstacles that presented themselves to you and incumbered your path,

-whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger or fatigue.

-

-We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels heard of you, too,

-and with even more lasting impressions. We have heard of you also

-at Laurel Hill and Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have

-not heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of humanity

-on your part toward a conquered foe. This has shown that you are

-actuated by the same motives which have prompted our whole people. It

-is not the object of this contest to interfere with the institutions

-of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve the

-banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a stripe defaced. It is

-to enforce laws to which we all owe our safety, our protection and

-our happiness, and I know I speak your sentiments when I say that

-whoever takes a part in this contest from other motives is unworthy

-the name of a patriot.

-

-There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting the eyes of

-the whole civilized world, and I am proud to say that the members of

-this company have well played their part therein; and when the last

-scene is ended no name will more adorn the history of these events

-than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements will rank

-higher than those in which its members, our own gallant soldiers,

-bore so conspicuous a part.

-

-Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be pardoned for

-drawing a long bow, but candor compels the admission that when the

-boys came home the “beautiful banner” was not, strictly speaking,

-“floating from every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few

-hill-tops left over which the star spangled flag was not floating,

-nor did it float till some years later.

-

-At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which greeted the

-Judge’s address, showing how clearly the feelings of the people were

-in harmony with the sentiments he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the

-following brief reply:

-

-  Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as for myself, to

-  thank you, and through you the citizens of Cleveland, for this

-  greeting, which was wholly unexpected by us. I have no words to

-  express the gratitude of our hearts toward our fellow citizens.

-  We have the satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner

-  in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty; and so

-  we return to you with a consciousness that we are not entirely

-  unworthy the confidence which we know you have placed in us.

-

-There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel Barnett bowed and

-retired, and the band struck up “The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises

-over, the companies were variously taken care of and the crowd slowly

-dispersed. A committee of German citizens took charge of Company E,

-Captain Heckman, and Company B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to

-Haltnorth’s, where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and

-liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the Weddell House,

-where a sumptuous dinner was served them in fine style. It made up in

-some degree for the many times during the previous three months when

-they had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”

-

-Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain Pelton, were

-banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn Village, a committee of fifteen

-ladies doing the honors of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F,

-Captain Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were right

-royally welcomed.

-

-The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers of the time will

-be of interest in this connection:

-

-

-  [_Leader_, July 30, 1861.]

-

-  The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent condition

-  physically, although they are as brown as berries from exposure.

-

-  Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned from the campaign in

-  Western Virginia were three members of Alert Hose Company—William

-  Kidd, foreman; Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private E.

-  S. Ransom. Of course, the social and genial Alerts could not let

-  them return without a welcome, so last night a merry party of

-  Alerts and a few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of

-  the hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.

-  Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the hose-carriage was

-  illuminated and the company escorted the returned members to their

-  homes, the blaze of innumerable roman candles lighting their way up

-  Superior street.

-

-

-  [_Plain Dealer_, July 30, 1861.]

-

-  The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day. If you find

-  a knot of men collected on a corner, the bronzed countenance of

-  a member of the artillery is in the center and he is relating to

-  the gaping crowd his exploits and adventures among the rebels

-  in Western Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of

-  incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may be rehearsed

-  to wondering grandchildren. They have come home after nobly

-  discharging their duty and meet with the warm admiration and

-  approval which they have so richly merited. All honor to the brave

-  artillerymen.

-

-At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on the evening

-of July 30th, the following preamble and resolutions, offered by

-Councilman T. N. Bond, were adopted with great enthusiasm:

-

-  _Whereas_, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the Cleveland

-  Artillery, embracing four companies from the city, one from

-  Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under the command of Colonel James

-  Barnett, left their homes and business on the 22d day of April,

-  1861, on a day’s notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the

-  Government as might be required of them, and

-

-  _Whereas_, After gaining the confidence and approbation of the

-  people on our southeastern border, by their fine conduct both as

-  soldiers and citizens, they rendered most important services to

-  the country in the campaigns in Western Virginia, distinguishing

-  themselves for activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious

-  night marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and

-  Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than three

-  months’ absence, with trophies of their victories and the

-  well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens; therefore be it

-

-  _Resolved_, That in addition to the public and spontaneous welcome

-  already given them at their reception yesterday, the mayor and city

-  council of the city, and in behalf of the city, hereby officially

-  record their high appreciation of the honor the Cleveland Artillery

-  and its noble commander have reflected upon the city whose name

-  they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and energy and

-  their skill and bravery in the field have won for them unfading

-  honor; and that especially to Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and

-  judgment, his manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes,

-  our thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.

-

-  _Resolved_, That copies of the foregoing preamble and resolutions

-  be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented to Colonel Barnett and

-  to the several companies under his command.

-

-These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett by Mayor

-Flint—long an active and zealous member of the Cleveland

-Artillery—with the following letter:

-

-  Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,

-  August 4, 1861.

-

-  Colonel James Barnett.

-

-  Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the executive officer

-  of the city of Cleveland, in presenting to you, and through you to

-  the different companies under your command, the resolutions of the

-  City Council of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable

-  services rendered the country in your recent campaign in Virginia.

-

-  As a member of the earliest organization of artillery in this city,

-  and from which simple detailed “squad” of the Cleveland Grays has

-  grown your complete and valuable command, I take increased pleasure

-  in presenting to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my

-  own feelings regarding your action for the past three months.

-

-  Respectfully yours,

-  E. S. FLINT, Mayor.

-

-The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland _Leader_ of July

-30th, 1862:

-

-  “When the proclamation of the President called for seventy-five

-  thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work of furnishing her quota.

-  The Cleveland Artillery was the only organized body of the kind in

-  the state, the artillery in other places being only single sections

-  or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the four sections

-  which were organized in this city. He immediately took steps to

-  go into service with his command, and as soon as the necessary

-  arrangements could be made he reported himself ready for orders.

-  He was sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from

-  threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into Virginia

-  upon short notice. Since that time, without ever having been

-  mustered into either State or United States service, he has led his

-  brave boys through the campaign in Western Virginia, where they

-  have performed prodigies of marching and have fought a good fight

-  when the enemy has given them the chance. Colonel Barnett left his

-  business here to go to war and has labored unceasingly for the good

-  of his men and the discomfiture of the rebels. His services were

-  fully appreciated by General McClellan, who tendered him a very

-  complimentary invitation to accompany him to the Kanawha Valley.

-  Colonel Barnett intends, we understand, to raise a full artillery

-  regiment and go in for the war. We wish him all success and trust

-  his services will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”

-

-Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were scoffed at for

-playing soldier in time of peace, by their timely military training,

-were ready to, and did almost at a day’s notice respond to the call

-of their country and served it well. The artillery piece captured

-at Carrick’s Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over to the

-state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to Cleveland. Said

-Quartermaster General Wood, who then had charge of the arms of the

-state, to Colonel Barnett: “I think no objection will be raised if

-you take the gun to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you

-can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen on the Public

-Square, in its way a monument to the valor and heroism of the old

-artillerymen of Cleveland.

-

-With this elaborate and protracted welcome home, which would appear

-to have been most satisfactory to all concerned, in both its

-fullness and its cordiality, closes the honorable record of the

-Cleveland Artillery in the “three months’ service.” Henceforward

-we follow the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,

-through its four years of brilliant service in the field.

-

-

-INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.

-

-But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First Cleveland

-Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its strength. It continued

-to take root, expand and blossom. Privates Joseph C. Shields and

-Frank Wilson, of Captain Rice’s battery, after their three months’

-service in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as

-they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic impulse,

-soon organized an independent artillery battery, which was mustered

-into service Sept. 10, 1862. It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and

-was called the Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light

-Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at the end of two

-years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who had been first lieutenant of

-the company, became its captain. The battery was in the siege of

-Knoxville, in the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,

-Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great struggle.

-The men were mustered out June 27, 1865, at the close of the war.

-

-In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon B. Smith, who

-afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga County, and now each year meets

-with the “old association,” gladdening the occasion with spirit and

-song.

-

-There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant James

-W. Grimshaw—who may properly be mentioned in this connection.

-When Fort Sumter fell there was great excitement in Cleveland, as

-there was all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and

-public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies on the

-Public Square in Cleveland, a man was imprudent enough to call out

-“Hurrah for the South!” Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately

-shouted, “I say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words passed

-between the two men and a rough and tumble followed in which the

-rebel sympathizers got much the worst of the fight. Thus the civil

-war began in Cleveland! Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,

-was elected to the city council and died some years since, greatly

-respected. Another of those who received a military schooling in

-the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, under Colonel

-Barnett, was Corporal Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields

-and Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited him

-to further military service. He organized and became captain of

-the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, which went

-into service Oct. 29, 1862, for a term of three years. The battery

-was in the siege at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton

-and Chickamauga in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,

-Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.

-

-

-BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.

-

-Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to place in the field

-a full regiment of artillery. The chief centers of population in

-the state readily responded to the call and twelve companies were

-soon organized, numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding

-seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a fair-sized

-army in itself, was sought by several men of military distinction.

-Quartermaster General Wood of the governor’s staff, who for so many

-years had been associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland

-Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position. Sept.

-3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his commission. But not only was

-Colonel Barnett of Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new

-regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,

-but three of his associates in this early school of artillery

-training were given commissions of command next to him.

-

-Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel, while Walter E.

-Lawrence and Seymour Race became majors. To have four of the chief

-officers of this regiment all from Cleveland and all of the old

-Cleveland artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who had

-cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to the front were

-destined to be disappointed. An order came from Washington directing

-the several batteries to report, some at one point and some at

-another, where their services were deemed most needed. Thus the

-companies were separated and the chief field officers were shorn of

-active command.

-

-Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position. He was

-made chief of artillery on the staff of General W. S. Rosecrans,

-one of the best fighting generals in the Union army; was with him

-in battle and all the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward

-was made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third division

-of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel Sickles, where he

-did valiant service until worn out by hard work, April 1, 1863,

-under advice of army physicians he was compelled to resign. Later,

-however, recovering something of his health, he was made colonel of

-the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Major

-Lawrence became a colonel, served with distinction and died in the

-service. Major W. F. Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who

-meets with the “old artillery association” each year, was one of the

-best of the many good fighting men who belonged to General Barnett’s

-regiment. He was mustered into the service as a private, became a

-lieutenant, then a captain and came out at the end of the war a major.

-

-Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served two years in the war.

-

-Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received his military

-training in the old artillery school. He was commissioned second

-lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards

-promoted to first lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His

-company distinguished itself in several important battles and took

-part in others of lesser note.

-

-

-“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.

-

-Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead, few will be

-better remembered than “Commissary” Harry Bingham, a man of small

-stature, full of life and fun. It may be said that for some years

-he contributed largely to the life of his military comrades. At the

-beginning of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon joined the

-military service. He became a lieutenant and served with credit.

-Finally, however, the hardships of war were greater than he could

-bear. For a time he lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to

-Cleveland, where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert him

-even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a smile, to a lady who

-called upon him during his last sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He

-lies buried in Woodland cemetery. Who of his old military comrades

-will not drop a tear to his memory?

-

-Many others of the old guard, some living and some dead, deserve well

-to be mentioned in this connection.

-

-The history of the association itself may be told in a few lines.

-At the close of the civil war, when regiments and various commands

-in the war were forming associations and holding reunions, the wife

-of Captain Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun

-squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years of age,

-one day suggested to her husband the propriety of Cleveland’s old

-artillerymen having a reunion. The thought was conveyed to General

-Barnett, Colonel Hayward and others, who were pleased with the idea

-and on the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad then

-living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at the Kennard House,

-formed an association of which General Wood was made president and

-then and there had their first banquet. General Wood was continued

-president of the association ten years, until his death May 2, 1881,

-when General Barnett succeeded him. The general has been president

-ever since, some twenty-three years. At the first meeting of the

-association held after General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a

-high tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said: “Since

-our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander of the old Grey gun

-squad, captain of the First artillery company in Cleveland and

-president of our association since its first organization, has passed

-away. It was he who first introduced into the then West, forty-two

-years ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system. We can

-say of our old comrade that he was an honest man. He had a bluff,

-outspoken way, but a warm, generous heart. His pride was with his

-old artillery associates. His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid

-him away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his memory and

-our recollections are of a competent soldier, a patriotic man and

-good citizen.” General Wood was born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug.

-14, 1847, and died May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his

-brother-in-law, the Hon. O. J. Hodge.

-

-Thirty-four years have now passed since the first meeting of the

-association and each year since it has had its social gathering, and

-each Decoration day the members have strewn with flowers the graves

-of their departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be held

-many years longer. The whitened locks of these men point to a day in

-the near future when the members of the association will hold their

-last banquet, when there will be no member left to decorate the

-graves of the departed, but around their memory long will cluster

-recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship, and those now

-upon life’s stage, and those yet to come, with pride will study their

-history and place upon their graves flowers, emblematic of love and

-veneration.

-

-

-

-

-CHAPTER IV.

-

-

-The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery

-(3 months) at their home as before related practically closed the

-military career of that command; however, a large number of the

-men enlisted in other commands, notably into the First Ohio Light

-Artillery (3 years) the term being for three years or during the

-war. It was soon found that through the emergency of affairs at the

-opening of trouble and the improper muster in and muster out as state

-troops that the men had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army

-of the United States. This error was called to the attention of Hon.

-Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress, who made many earnest

-attempts to rectify the mistake through the Honorable Secretary

-of War; those efforts were however unsuccessful, it being decided

-as the muster roll showed that they were state troops, so the

-matter ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was elected

-to Congress. Upon representation of the case to Mr. Burton he was

-at once impressed with the fact that fairness and justice to the

-command required action of Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill

-substantially the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and

-given herewith as well as the report of the Military Committee of

-which General Dick was chairman.

-

-The command was very fortunate in having in Congress two such good

-friends as Mr. Burton and Gen. Dick, men who have looked so closely

-and faithfully that justice might be obtained. The members of the

-First Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a debt of

-gratitude which they can never pay but which is not forgotten.

-

-

-

-

-FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.

-

-May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House and

-ordered to be printed.

-

-Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted the

-following

-

-

-REPORT.

-

-[To accompany H. R. 619.]

-

-  The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported the bill

-  (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition of the military services

-  of the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio

-  Volunteer Light Artillery, report the same back to the House with

-  the recommendation that it do pass with the following amendment:

-

-  Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2, of the

-  bill, the following: “_Provided_, That no pay, bounty, or other

-  emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of

-  this act.”

-

-  A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported

-  favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs of the Fifty-fourth,

-  Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses, which bill, with the

-  accompanying reports, are hereby adopted and made a part of this

-  report.

-

-  It appears that this regiment was the first body of artillery to

-  engage in the service of the United States in the late civil war.

-  They were hastened to the front on the 21st of April, 1861, and

-  rendered valuable service in the campaign in West Virginia. By an

-  omission, due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,

-  they were never formally mustered into the service by any military

-  officer of the United States. On or about the 30th of May, 1861,

-  while the command was being embarked at Marietta, Ohio, a United

-  States officer reported to muster them into the service, but the

-  commanding officer, General Barnett, stated to him that as his

-  orders were imperative to move with the least possible delay, he

-  could not wait the formality of a muster. They served until the

-  27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be no sufficient

-  reason why their services should not be recognized and the officers

-  and men considered to have been in the military service of the

-  United States.

-

-Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett, with

-exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington for more

-complete history of their service and the reasons why they were not

-formally mustered.

-

-  STATE OF OHIO, _Cuyahoga County, ss_:

-

-  James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as follows: That

-  for some time before the 20th of April, 1861, and at that date I

-  was the commanding officer of what was known as the First Ohio

-  Light Artillery, organized under the laws of the State as then

-  existing as a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th

-  of April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty, and

-  immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of April, 1861, left

-  Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the command was on duty until

-  May 29 of the same year, upon which date a portion of the command

-  moved into Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining

-  portion of the command went by boat to Benwood and thence to

-  Grafton, Va., from which time until the date of their muster out

-  they actively participated in the campaign in Western Virginia.

-

-  On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command was being

-  embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to muster the command

-  into the service of the United States. This officer, if I am

-  correct in my recollection, was Colonel Sill. I am not very

-  positive as to the name of the officer, but it was either Colonel

-  Sill or Captain Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the

-  purpose of mustering my command. We were at the time busily

-  embarking. A portion of the command had already been sent down the

-  river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the officer that it would be

-  impossible to get the men together for muster, and that our orders

-  were imperative to move with the least possible delay, so it was

-  concluded to defer the muster until some proper time after we had

-  got into Virginia. The command went through the campaign without

-  muster, and soon after the expiration of their term of service

-  were ordered back to Ohio for muster out by orders from the War

-  Department. Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered in

-  and mustered out upon the same day, dating back their muster into

-  the date of taking the field. This muster was made by George S.

-  Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio, mustering officer. The

-  muster rolls were changed from the printed forms, erasing the

-  words “United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”

-

-  I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this affidavit, a

-  sketch regarding the movements of the command, which consisted of

-  about 120 men, and is a correct statement of its movements. This

-  sketch embraces pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio

-  troops, known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the State.

-

-  It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the

-  Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison, of

-  Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon page 713 of said

-  record, that the command was recognized by the War Department and

-  under its orders during its service in Virginia.

-

-  The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding the

-  troops in western Virginia, set forth on page 712 of said record,

-  and others, were received by me and executed by me as the

-  commanding officer therein referred to.

-

-  I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which contain the

-  muster roll of the batteries constituting said command.

-

-  JAMES BARNETT.

-

-  Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and by him sworn to

-  before me this 9th day of February, A. D. 1895.

-

-  [SEAL.]      M. P. MOONEY,

-

-  _Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O._

-

-

-EXHIBIT A.

-

-FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.

-

-[Three months’ service.]

-

-Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following telegram was

-wired to Colonel Barnett:

-

-  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 20, 1861_.

-

-  COL. JAMES BARNETT, _Cleveland, Ohio_:

-

-  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including

-  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday if possible. You can

-  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring

-  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain

-  colonel rank.

-

-  By order:      H. B. CARRINGTON, _Adjutant-General_.

-

-The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four of the batteries

-were from the city of Cleveland, the other two being from Brooklyn

-and Geneva) as though borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday

-morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains of the

-companies:

-

-  You will report your command of twenty men, ready to march to

-  Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at the public square. You

-  will have your piece, caissons and harness complete, at the depot

-  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten

-  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the

-  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior

-  officers.

-

-  By order adjutant-general of Ohio:

-  JAMES BARNETT, _Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery_.

-

-  S. B. STURGES, _Lieutenant-Colonel_.

-

-Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn and Geneva

-companies.

-

-Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel Barnett, as

-follows:

-

-  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 21, 1861_.

-

-  COL. JAMES BARNETT:

-

-  Can you bring your command here to-night instead of waiting till

-  tomorrow? If so, come armed.

-

-  WILLIAM DENNISON, _Governor_.

-

-It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment on Sunday in

-time to get away on that day. The governor was informed by telegraph

-that it would leave early Monday morning. The two outside companies

-responded promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left Cleveland

-for Columbus, at which place it was ordered to Marietta via Loveland.

-Marietta was reached next morning, when it went into camp on the fair

-ground placing the guns in position to guard the city against any

-invasion of the enemy.

-

-About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain O. M. Poe, of

-the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the regiment, with a view to its

-being ready for service at a moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased

-with the command and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing

-of its members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage were

-received, all of which were heartily welcomed. Colonel Barnett also

-received a telegram from Columbus to purchase seventy-six horses for

-his battery upon the best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having

-been placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the credit

-of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were to be paid for.

-

-On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following telegram

-from General McClellan at Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of your

-batteries and report to me when ready for service.” Within two days

-the required number of horses were purchased and all hands were busy

-breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness and arranging to

-move on a moment’s notice. The artillery was re-enforced by the

-arrival of the 14th O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O.

-V. I. on the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.

-

-On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch to Colonel

-Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel Steadman, you will supply

-him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”

-

-On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command of Lieut.-Colonel

-Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta, by boat, for Parkersburg, W.

-Va., with orders to report to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They

-moved rapidly along the line of the B. & O. Railroad, repairing

-bridges destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had arrived

-at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg. The rebels retreated

-from Clarksburg to Philippi. From Clarksburg they moved to Webster,

-and after a tedious night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a.

-m., making short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery

-frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of their

-officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and war materials

-behind them. (This was the first Light artillery fired by the

-national forces in the war of the rebellion. In this engagement only

-a few men were wounded.)

-

-On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam with Colonel

-Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting to General Morris, who

-ordered Colonel Barnett to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched

-to Philippi, arriving too late to take part in that engagement.

-During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light Artillery was

-at Philippi. The companies, however, were scattered; some with their

-guns did duty as bridge guards.

-

-July 6th orders were received by General Morris to advance early

-the following day, occupy Belington, and menace the enemy, who were

-holding a strong position at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers

-struck the rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered

-to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing

-effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery suffered its first

-casualty—George W. Tillotson, of Company D, was wounded in the groin

-by a musket ball, from the effect of which he died a few years later.

-

-July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and Laurel Hill,

-being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s Ford, where the 1st

-Artillery opened fire on the enemy (who were holding a position on a

-high bank on the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect.

-The enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert S.

-Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled piece was captured

-and presented to the artillery, and this trophy is now in the public

-square in the city of Cleveland.

-

-Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved back to

-Belington, and remained there until ordered to Columbus to be

-mustered out. Up to this time, like the nine regiments of infantry,

-it was serving as a State organization, and while all other Ohio

-three-months troops were mustered out by United States officers

-and recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for some

-reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s staff and is

-recognized by the War Department as only a _State organization_. The

-following letter, however, will show that it was the intention of the

-General Government to place this regiment of artillery on the same

-footing as other Ohio organizations that did service at the same time

-in West Virginia.

-

-  WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE,

-  _Washington, July 27, 1861_.

-

-  SIR: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and Colonel Barnett’s

-  artillery of six guns and one hundred and twenty men, which have

-  been serving in West Virginia, will be sent back to Ohio, to be

-  there mustered out of the service. They, or such of them as may

-  be presented by you, will there be accepted and mustered into the

-  United States service for three years as regiments, companies of

-  cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The two sections of artillery

-  from Ohio (other than Barnett’s Battery) and the two companies of

-  cavalry from the State, all of which have been serving in Virginia,

-  will also be sent home at the expiration of their three months’

-  service, to be there mustered out. They, or such of them as may

-  be presented by you, will then be accepted as specified for three

-  years, and will be mustered into the service of the United States

-  for that period. The same will be done in regard to the battery of

-  artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp Chase.

-

-  In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to be mustered

-  out of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented by

-  you, will there be accepted for three years and sworn into the

-  service for that period as regiments, companies of cavalry, and

-  batteries of artillery.

-

-  I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,

-  L. THOMAS, _Adjutant-General_.

-

-  His Excellency Governor DENNISON, _Columbus, Ohio_.

-

-

-This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, July

-27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio,

-mustering officer.

-

-

-  _Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired), late

-  colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry. Brigadier-general

-  United States Volunteers, adjutant-general of Ohio before and at

-  commencement of the war of 1861-1865._

-

-  In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,

-  “The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”

-

-The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization at the

-outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the delay in properly

-adjusting the record of this pioneer artillery corps of the United

-States volunteer service.

-

-Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had been for

-several years engaged in perfecting a militia system by regiments,

-brigades, and divisions. State encampments had been held, and several

-of its general and field officers made immediate records after war

-began. A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and Jones to

-the service.

-

-The artillery was represented by skeleton companies with one or two

-guns each. Three companies, each making technically a “gun section,”

-were organized at Cleveland, Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters

-at Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned as

-colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general to organize

-other companies in the State at large. These three companies or

-sections, really composing but one battery proper, was the basis of

-Colonel Barnett’s command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.

-

-This battery had previously been inspected by Gen. Winfield Scott

-at Niagara Falls while on an experimental march, and was well

-disciplined and equipped. As early as January, 1861, the previous

-governor, Salmon P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio

-militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty hours from receipt

-of President Lincoln’s first call twenty disciplined companies (two

-regiments) were dispatched to Washington. The incomplete record of

-the First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery had not

-been called for in the first instance, and the fact that troops were

-needed upon the State border before any had been mustered into the

-United States service.

-

-By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the service of

-the United States, retained their officers. The governor of Ohio did

-not deem it wise thus to designate the general officer to command

-the troops called for by the President. A special legislative act

-promptly provided that the major-general might be taken from citizens

-at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed and commissioned.

-The President also appointed him major-general. But while thousands

-of the militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been

-mustered into the United States service when their services were

-instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand came from Marietta,

-Ohio, for artillery, as hostile demonstrations had commenced,

-tending to the control of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the

-Adjutant-General’s Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect

-was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report with his

-battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday, Ambos foundry was

-fired up and round shot were cast for use of the battery. A car was

-sent to Xenia for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were

-made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition for artillery

-in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett, having been assured

-that he would retain his rank as colonel, reported with his battery

-in good condition. The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at

-the same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once returned

-to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was to administer the State

-obligation and make up the roll as the company was organized. The

-battery therefore moved to the border to await orders, but in a

-position for defensive duty.

-

-Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded arms, so

-that nine regiments were immediately organized and armed as State

-militia, while no volunteers had as yet been mustered into the United

-States service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of West

-Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general from that State, and

-the regiments of Colonels Dumont and Milroy had moved to support the

-regiment of Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had

-no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority to push

-militia across the State boundary, authorized the adjutant-general

-to visit General McClellan and submit a plan, which General Wool had

-approved, and also to act for the State, as the conference might

-agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments in the various

-camps were put in motion, with no regard for a United States muster.

-

-Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor, and during

-his absence General McClellan called for the battery. The following

-telegram was sent: “Barnett, borrow money and buy horses instanter.”

-Also, to each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of

-Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him in command of all

-State troops.”

-

-Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then accessible, and,

-in fact, no troops were fully ready for muster; but the battery,

-supported by the Fourteenth Ohio, occupied the heights back of

-Parkersburg, moved to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and

-with its associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of

-Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United States service,

-under United States officers, in brigade with regularly mustered

-United States troops. It had the same claim to full recognition and a

-muster, nunc pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.

-

-The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and Wool, at once

-recognized the service, and the adjutant-general, without his

-solicitation or knowledge in advance, was appointed colonel of the

-Eighteenth United States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law.

-The emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State boundary,

-and the battery did as good service as if it had been that of Captain

-Bragg, whose precedent it sought to emulate.

-

-  Respectfully submitted.

-  HENRY B. CARRINGTON,

-

-  _Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry and

-  Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly Adjutant-General of Ohio._

-

-The movements of this regiment show a service which was distinctly

-national in character. On May 29, 1861, a part of the command moved

-into Virginia.

-

-On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the command

-went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton, Va., from which time

-until the date of their muster out they actively participated in the

-campaign in western Virginia.

-

-The command of the troops, after they left Marietta, Ohio, and

-embarked for Virginia, passed completely from the officers of

-the State of Ohio to the Federal officers. In May, 1861, General

-McClellan sent an officer of the United States Army Engineers to

-inspect the regiment “with a view to its being ready for service at a

-moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And the evidence

-shows that the Federal officer found the regiment in excellent

-condition as respects drill, discipline, and soldierly bearing.

-Clothing and camp equipage were also furnished to the regiment by the

-United States.

-

-On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the regiment, received

-from General McClellan the following telegram from Cincinnati:

-“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to me when ready

-for service.” On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:

-“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply him with a

-detachment of two guns, with proper officers and men.”

-

-On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment left Marietta,

-Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders to report to Colonel

-Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which were serving

-under Federal authority. They performed important service under such

-orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On May 30, 1861,

-four companies of the regiment, with Colonel Barnett, proceeded

-by boat to Benwood, and received orders to proceed to Grafton.

-They proceeded thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the

-engagement. July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to Belington,

-where it was engaged with the enemy. On July 12 the First Ohio

-Artillery opened fire upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent

-effect.

-

-The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery regiment was

-taken into Virginia under authority of and for service with the

-United States Government. Such was the understanding of the soldiers

-and of the Federal officers under whom they served, and the character

-of their service was distinctly national.

-

-The regiment was not called into the service of the State of Ohio

-alone, but of other States. Every State is an integral part of the

-Union which the Federal Government is, under the Constitution, bound

-to protect against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment was

-employed in general service with and as a part of the Federal forces,

-under orders from the Federal Government, and in the execution of

-a duty which was distinctly national in character. The regiment

-not only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks of the

-enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It rendered United

-States service under United States officers in brigade with regularly

-mustered United States troops.”

-

-And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired, the regiment,

-which had been “serving in Virginia,” was, by order of the War

-Department dated July 27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there

-mustered out of the service of the United States. And the same order

-directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should be tendered

-should be mustered into the service of the United States for three

-years’ service. Owing, no doubt to an oversight, or to ignorance of

-the fact that the regiment had been actually in the service of the

-United States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization of

-the State of Ohio.

-

-The records of the War Department fail to show facts upon which

-justice can be done to this regiment, and Congress is asked to afford

-such relief by a special act. Upon the evidence in the case it is

-submitted that the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery

-is entitled to proper recognition as having been in the service

-of the United States, and its officers and soldiers should receive

-certificates of honorable discharge as such.

-

-Following is the muster roll:

-

-

-_First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery._

-

-FIELD AND STAFF.

-

-[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,

-aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July

-27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to

-Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  James Barnett      |Colonel.       | 39|April 21, |   3    |Apr. 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |        |1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |regiment

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        |1861.

-  Stephen B. Sturges |Lieutenant-    |   |          |        |

-                     | colonel.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  Clark S. Gates     |Major.         | 48|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  Amos Townsend      |Quartermaster. | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  Elisha Sterling    |Surgeon.       | 39|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  William E. Standart|Adjutant.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  Randall Crawford   |Quartermaster- |   |          |        |

-                     | sergeant.     | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY A.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  William R. Simmonds|Captain.       | 46|April 21, |   3    | April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |        |  1861:

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.

-  John A. Bennett    |First sergeant | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Samuel M. Cowdery  |Sergeant       | 33|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Thomas J. Thompson |Corporal       | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  M. Eugene Cornell  |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  James Willis       |Trumpeter      | 23|     do.  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.

-  Anson, Edward P.   |Private        | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Bailey, Amasa      |    do         | 42|May 14,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Benjamin, John A.  |    do         | 30|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Blair, John H.     |    do         | 31|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Brewster, George   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Camp, William M.   |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Clark, George W.   |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Cramer, Isaac C.   |    do         | 31|May 14,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Dunn, Joseph       |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Dunn, Richard      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Kelley, John J.    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Milton, John R.    |    do         | 20|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Moats, Henry       |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  New, Henry         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Rebbeck, Henry H.  |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Reynolds, Daniel   |    do         | 35|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Sypher, J. Hale    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Throup, David H.   |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Throup, Roger D.   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Worley, John G.    |    do         | 19|June 21,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY B.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  John G. Mack       |Captain        | 46|April 21, |        |April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Jacob Ruder        |First          |   |          |        |

-                     | lieutenant    | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Frederick C.       |               |   |          |        |

-    Gruninger        |First sergeant | 35|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Mathew Adams       |Corporal       | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Charles B. Rodder  |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Beachal, Frederick |Private        | 27|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Chapin, George     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Dawmann, Joseph    |    do         |   |June 1,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Ebert, William     |    do         | 22|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Erhart, Alexander  |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fabrian, Louis     |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fenfil, Christian  |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fisher, Louis      |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Fredericks, Abraham|    do         | 39|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Galleger, John     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        | also

-                     |               |   |          |        |borne on

-                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as

-                     |               |   |          |    |“Gellecker.”

-  Gruninger, Charles |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |Mustered

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Kustner, George    |    do         |   |      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Lucas, Michael     |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Mangelmann, Adolph |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Nerritta, Leonhard |    do         | 35|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |also

-                     |               |   |          |        |borne on

-                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as

-                     |               |   |          |    |“Nerritter.”

-  Nickel, Lorenze    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |also

-                     |               |   |          |        |borne on

-                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as

-                     |               |   |          |        |“Nigel.”

-  Reidenbach, Peter  |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        |1861.

-  Schener, Daniel    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Schoemer, Michael  |    do         | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Weidenkopf,        |               |   |          |        |

-    Nicholas         |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Wouley, Andrew     |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY C.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  Frederick W. Pelton|Captain        | 34|April 21, |        |April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Samuel Sears       |First          |   |          |        |

-                     | lieutenant    | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Francis S. Pelton  |First sergeant | 28|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Peter C. Schneider |Corporal       | 25|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  John C. Brainard   |    do         | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Allen, Edward S.   |Private        | 33|     do.  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Boyen, John H.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Brainard, Edward S.|    do         |   |May 13,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Chaffee, Comfort   |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Davis, George R.   |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Dean, Charles M.   |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Dunbar, Homer      |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Fish, Abel         |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Fish, Henry        |    do         | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fish, Levi         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fish, William      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Grotzinger, William|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Hand, James L.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Hone, Alexander    |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Llewhellen, William|    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Lyon, George       |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Marcellus,         |               |   |          |        |

-    Charles E.       |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Roberts, Henry     |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Schmehl, George    |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  Storrer, Frank S.  |    do         | 20|April 21, |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Worth, Frederick W.|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY D.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  Percy W. Rice      |Captain        | 29|Apr 21,   |        |April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |    3   |1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  James H. Miller    |First          |   |          |        |

-                     | lieutenant    | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Edwin F. Reeve     |First sergeant | 31|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  William H. Hilliard|Corporal       | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Norman A. Baldwin  |   do          | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Champlin,          |               |   |          |        |

-    William A.       |Private        | 38|     do   |    3   |Absent in

-                     |               |   |          |        |hospital

-                     |               |   |          |        |at

-                     |               |   |          |        |Marietta,

-                     |               |   |          |        |Ohio,

-                     |               |   |          |        |May 21,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Crawford, George W.|    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Davis, Daniel S.   |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Edgarton, Warren P.|    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Gardner, Orlando D.|    do         | 21|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Harbeck, John S.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Kidd, William      |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Killam, Simon W.   |    do         | 27|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Marshall,          |               |   |          |        |

-    Alexander, Jr.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Murray, George E.  |    do         | 24|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Orland, Henry      |    do         | 30|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Rice, Charles H.   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Shields, Joseph C. |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Smith, Robertson   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Sterling, James A. |    do         | 22|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Thatcher,          |               |   |          |        |

-    Lorenzo W.       |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  Tillotson,         |               |   |          |        |

-    George W.        |    do         | 44|     do   |    3   |Wounded

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 7,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-                     |               |   |          |        |in battle

-                     |               |   |          |        |of Laurel

-                     |               |   |          |        |Hill, Va.;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        |1861.

-  Vincent, Henry G.  |    do         | 29|     do   |    3   |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Wilson, Frank      |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY E.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  Louis Heckmau      |Captain        | 39|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861:

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  J. Jacob Houck     |First          |   |          |        |

-                     | lieutenant    | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Henry Roth         |First sergeant | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Valentine Heckman  |Corporal       | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Louis Smithnight   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Bommhardt, Jacob   |Private        | 24|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Breuhler, George   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Eshenbrenner,      |               |   |          |        |

-    George           |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Hartman, Hermann   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Herig, Charles     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Kuglen, George     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Payson, George W.  |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Riegler, Albert    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Schmidt, Gerhard   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Schwendner, Conrad |    do         | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Sehrt, Wilhelm     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |       |also borne

-                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as

-                     |               |   |          |        |“William.”

-  Smith, Jacob       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |       |also borne

-                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as

-                     |               |   |          |        |“Schmidt.”

-  Thaller, Frantz    |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Trumpy, Henry      |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Wetzel, Frederick  |    do         | 40|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Wolf, George       |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Zeller, John A.    |    do         | 38|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-BATTERY F.

-

-  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========

-                     |               |   | Date of  |        |

-         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks

-                     |               |   | the      |   of   |

-                     |               |   | service  |service |

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed

-  Dennis Kenny, Jr.  |Captain        | 27|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;

-                     |               |   |          |        |mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Henry S. Munger    |First          |   |          |        |

-                     | lieutenant    | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Jerome B. Burrows  |First sergeant | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  James H. Coller    |Corporal       | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Charles D. Lane    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Bartholomew, Myron |Private        | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered

-                     |               |   |          |        |out with

-                     |               |   |          |        |battery

-                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,

-                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.

-  Bruner, William    |    do         | 25|May 14,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Burrows, Adrian A. |    do         | 29|Apr. 21,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Crowell,           |               |   |          |        |

-    William H. H.    |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Dorman, Dennis W.  |    do         | 43|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Fitch, Martin L.   |    do         | 46|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Gage, Henry W.     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Gary, Marco B.     |    do         | 26|June 21,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Myers, Addison D.  |    do         | 25|Apr. 21,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Paddock, Asher R.  |    do         | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Proctor, William E.|    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Ransom, Moses Y.   |    do         | 23|May 14,   |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Smith, Albert D.   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Stoughton, Theodore|    do         | 21|Apr. 21,  |        |

-                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.

-  Stowe, Melvin D.   |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Thorp, Arthur B.   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Thorp, Henry H.    |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Turner, Erastus D. |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  Viets, Frank       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.

-  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————

-

-

-

-

-57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.

-

-H. R. 619.

-

-

-IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.

-

-June 23, 1902.

-

-Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.

-

-

-AN ACT

-

-  Providing for the recognition of the military service of the

-  officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer

-  Light Artillery.

-

-_Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the

-United States of America in Congress assembled_, That the officers

-and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery

-(three months’ service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the

-call of the President of the United States issued on the fifteenth

-day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, and which rendered

-actual military service under the command of officers of the United

-States and in co-operation with the regularly organized military

-forces of the United States, shall be held and considered to have

-been in the military service of and to have formed a part of the

-military establishment of the United States during the period for

-which said organization was enlisted and was in active service,

-and that the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is, authorized and

-directed to issue certificates of discharge, upon due application and

-satisfactory proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members

-of the said organization: _Provided,_ That no pay, bounty, or other

-emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of

-this Act.

-

-Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.

-

-  Attest:      A. MCDOWELL, _Clerk_.

-

-House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in January, 1903.

-

-

-

-

-  Transcriber’s Notes

-

-  pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William

-  pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett

-  pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister

-  pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio

-  pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.

-  pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces

-  pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be

-  pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington

-  pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality

-  pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow

-  pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow

-  pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon

-  pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A

-  pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C

-  pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J

-  pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H

-  pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D

-  pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G

-  pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)

-  Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.

-  The table of contents was written by the transcriber.

-

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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 69950 ***
+
+  Transcriber’s Note
+  Italic text displayed as: _italic_
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY
+
+Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861]
+
+
+
+
+  Reminiscences
+
+  of the
+
+  Cleveland Light Artillery
+
+  [Illustration: Drawing of a cannon]
+
+  Cleveland
+  Cleveland Printing Company
+  1906
+
+
+  Contents.
+                                                                  PAGE
+    I. The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.                            3
+   II. A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the
+        Artillery Goes to the Front.                                20
+  III. The Campaign in Western Virginia.                            37
+       Independent Companies.                                       76
+       Barnett’s big regiment.                                      77
+       “Commissary” Harry Bingham.                                  79
+   IV.                                                              81
+  Muster List                                                       94
+  Senate Bill                                                      101
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+THE ACORN FROM WHICH GREW THE OAK.
+
+
+The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose guns
+thundered on nearly all the great battlefields of the War for the
+Union, 1861-5—owed its existence to a process of evolution. It was
+the result of a growth during a period of more than twenty years.
+
+The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company, was formed in
+1837. It was composed of active, intelligent, patriotic young men
+who displayed from the first a laudable pride in the organization,
+and an ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard of
+excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were rewarded by a full
+measure of success, and the company was soon celebrated far and near
+for its fine appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military
+discipline.
+
+In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the Grays held an
+encampment on a vacant lot at the present corner of Superior and
+Erie streets. As compared to its proportions of today, Cleveland was
+then scarcely more than an overgrown village, and the territory in
+the vicinity of the spot designated above—now covered, and for miles
+beyond, with business houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval
+state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light Artillery
+Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early days for its skill in the
+art of gunnery, was present at the encampment. The fine evolutions of
+this command and its proficiency in working and handling artillery
+attracted much attention and awakened a lively interest in that arm
+of military science.
+
+The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once decided that they
+would have a gun squad. No sooner said than done, and nine members of
+the company were detailed for that purpose, as follows:
+
+  David L. Wood,
+  Edward S. Flint,
+  Edward A. Scovill,
+  Richard Dockstader,
+  Frank Krieger,
+  F. H. Utley,
+  James A. Craw,
+  James B. Wilbur,
+  C. J. Merriam.
+
+David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun Squad. He had
+formerly lived in Buffalo and had served as a gunner in Major Fay’s
+company, but had removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous
+member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained and mounted on
+a carriage which, as well as the caisson, was of home manufacture,
+made at the expense of the company. The early drills were held in
+a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery. The
+building was owned by the Ohio Stage Company, which, before the
+days of railroads, was operating its lines of public conveyance.
+These premises were used for five or six years, when more commodious
+quarters were provided.
+
+In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a military station
+at the rapids of the Maumee river, near Perrysburg, Ohio, built
+by General William Henry Harrison in 1813. A number of military
+companies from various parts of the West attended the meeting—among
+them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The members of both
+organizations distinguished themselves by their accuracy in drill and
+their soldierly bearing, for which they bore away a large share of
+the honors.
+
+Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the young
+artillerists continued their practice with the greatest assiduity,
+attaining a perfection that was in the highest degree creditable,
+and they fairly deserved the plaudits that were so freely bestowed
+upon them whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction
+and assistance were received from members of Major Fay’s company,
+before mentioned. The drill was in the French style of tactics then
+in vogue, and generally known as “flying artillery.”
+
+In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays, forming a separate
+organization known as the Cleveland Light Artillery, with two
+12-pound guns, and a large increase in its active membership. David
+L. Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this early day
+belonged to the company were James Barnett, W. E. Lawrence, Seymour
+Race, W. H. Hayward and W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in
+active membership and were prominent during the war as members of the
+First Ohio Light Artillery.
+
+The increase in the company, both in size and equipment, made it
+necessary to have better quarters. An armory was built on Bank
+street, in the rear of what is now the block next north of the
+Mercantile National Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie
+street barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted battery
+of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything complete, all
+of which equipment was provided at private expense, as were also
+the uniforms of the men. Whenever the battery appeared on public
+occasions or went out for field practice all expenses including the
+use of horses were borne by the company.
+
+On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment was held at
+Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was invited to
+participate. The company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march
+from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance both ways being
+something over one hundred miles. This would not have been considered
+much of a march during the war, but it was the first campaign of the
+company, and was a great event in those days. During their stay at
+Wooster the artillerymen received the highest encomiums for their
+excellent appearance and drill.
+
+July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention was held at
+Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent invitation to attend, going
+by lake on the steamer Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded
+by Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company gave several
+exhibitions, acquitting itself with such credit as to win unstinted
+praise. The effect was to stir up the military spirit in Chicago to
+such a degree that a light battery was at once organized there. The
+Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise assisted in
+equipping the battery.
+
+The Chicago company owed its existence in a great measure to the
+Cleveland Artillery. It grew and prospered, and early in the war
+became the nucleus of the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery,
+as the Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed, it may
+fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland Artillery was
+a wide-spread, and a potential factor, through the removal of its
+members from time to time, in awakening an interest before the war
+in that arm of the military service. During the war there was no
+inconsiderable number of artillery officers who entered the army from
+other states, whose first instruction was received years before,
+while members of the old Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was
+usually from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty years
+and more of its existence many of these dropped out of the ranks and
+were widely scattered, their places being filled by others. The seed
+thus sown produced an abundant crop of artillerymen.
+
+General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he was directing
+the march of some artillery through one of the valleys between the
+mountain ranges near Chattanooga. The weather was cold and wet and
+the roads wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast in
+the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons were sunk to the hubs
+and obstinately refused to budge an inch, despite the floundering
+efforts of the panting horses and the picturesque profanity of the
+drivers. Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about equally
+discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition, sat on his horse
+surveying the scene, apparently caring little whether there were any
+stars left in the old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with
+him and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the mire. In
+conversation with him the general learned that the captain was an
+old-time member of the Cleveland artillery, and it was in consequence
+of what he learned in that company that he was induced to raise a
+battery and go to war in earnest.
+
+In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain of the Artillery
+and continued in that position for four years. David L. Wood was then
+again chosen and continued in command until a short time before the
+breaking out of the war.
+
+The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and popular that in
+1851 it was doubled in strength and its armament was increased to
+four guns. At this time there was no organization of the militia
+of Ohio, and very little had been done by the state authorities
+to foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could then have
+believed that ten years later the tocsin of war would be sounded, and
+that more than three hundred thousand men from Ohio alone would march
+to the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed” soldiering,
+either. It is safe to say that Ohio will never again be found in a
+state of such unreadiness—but may the good Lord deliver us from any
+more war! The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will all
+devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who served in the Civil
+War, they know when they have had enough.
+
+After much urging and coaxing the state authorities did at length
+consent to lend a helping hand. When the Cleveland Artillery was
+enlarged to a four-gun battery the state furnished the guns and
+harness. The company supplied everything else, including caissons,
+uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained its status
+as an independent organization. In fact there was no law of Ohio
+authorizing artillery companies in any shape, and the small aid
+that was grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more of a
+gratuity than anything else.
+
+But the company continued to prosper just the same. Its membership
+was composed of excellent material, including young men from many
+of the best families of the city. All were earnest and ambitious
+in their efforts and they soon reached a high state of skill and
+efficiency in handling their guns and in all the details of the
+tactics in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms
+for public occasions, with plenty of red in them, suggestive of
+sanguinary scenes, and presented a really gorgeous appearance when
+parading the streets. They won the applause of the multitude, the
+smiles of the fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For
+in those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded with
+unspeakable awe; and a man in military dress awakened the liveliest
+emotions in the popular mind.
+
+In February, 1852, the company was first called upon for military
+duty. On the 17th of that month a serious riot occurred at a medical
+college situated at the corner of Prospect and Ontario streets.
+The trouble grew out of the exposure of some human bones from the
+dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be the remains of
+his daughter, whose body he thought had been stolen for dissection,
+gathered a formidable mob of excited people and moved upon the
+college with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and of
+hanging the doctors and students to the nearest lamp posts. The
+sheriff soon found that he had more on hand than he could manage and
+ordered out the Light Artillery to his assistance. The members of
+the company responded with alacrity and promptly appeared upon the
+ground, unlimbering their pieces they double shotted them in full
+view of the rioters, who were warned that if they did not instantly
+disperse the guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts, ready
+to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and fled from the scene,
+in a slate of confused demoralization. For precautionary reasons the
+battery remained on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours,
+by the end of which time the excitement had abated and there was no
+repetition of the hostile demonstration.
+
+This incident clearly showed the value of such a body of trained men,
+to meet emergencies liable at times to arise in a rapidly growing
+city, where sudden excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking
+men to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities at
+defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory, fortunately a
+bloodless one. Its members were highly complimented for their prompt
+response to the call and their cool steadiness in the face of the
+excited mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were made of,
+though not to be compared with the scenes of carnage that some of
+those men faced without flinching in after years.
+
+The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in the Light Artillery,
+and to give the company substantial support and assistance. Again it
+became necessary to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient
+funds were contributed by the citizens and the members of the company
+to build a new armory. The building was erected in 1852, near the
+present junction of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on
+which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.
+
+The fame of the company went abroad throughout the land and
+invitations were received from far and near to attend large public
+gatherings. In 1852 an excursion was made by lake to Sandusky, at
+the request of citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists
+were handsomely entertained. In September of the same year the
+anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane was celebrated by an
+immense assemblage of people with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara
+Falls. The Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large number
+of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There the horses were
+hitched to guns and caissons and the company marched to the Falls,
+attracting much attention along the route. The battery took an
+active part in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major Fay’s
+“crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853 the Cleveland company
+attended by special invitation a large encampment of the New York
+state militia at Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery was
+warmly received and was a prominent feature of the encampment.
+
+The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or three years when, the
+location being for various reasons undesirable, it was decided to
+move once more. Quarters were secured near the business center of the
+city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a few rods west of
+Bank street, occupied after the war by Montpellier’s Variety Theater.
+Here the battery continued to abide until it went to the “front” in
+1861.
+
+At this time the company was in better condition than ever before.
+In good quarters, with full battery equipment and fine uniforms, and
+in an admirable state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as
+a model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light Artillery
+and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of the Rover Guards of
+Cincinnati, attended a great military gathering in that city, to
+celebrate the anniversary of Washington’s birthday. There were
+present a large number of the best drilled and equipped independent
+companies of Ohio and other states. None of them surpassed the
+Cleveland contingent in excellence of drill and martial bearing.
+
+During the next three or four years annual encampments were held
+for practice in gunnery and field evolutions, and in the various
+duties of camp life. Frequent excursions continued to be made, in
+response to invitations received from all parts of the country. The
+citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation of the
+high standing of the company and the honor it had conferred upon the
+city by tendering its members occasional banquets which were largely
+attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment. These unsought
+recognitions were most gratifying to the artillerymen and incited
+them to the utmost efforts to “go on unto perfection.”
+
+It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest degree
+creditable to the company—that during all this time, embracing
+a period of twenty years, the large expenses pertaining to the
+organization, such as the purchase of uniforms and equipments
+of every kind, the building or rental of quarters, the cost of
+transportation and the employment of horses, were cheerfully paid by
+the members of the company, with some assistance from time to time
+by the citizens of Cleveland. The state furnished no part of the
+equipment except the guns and harness, and these only for a portion
+of the time.
+
+Below is given a complete roster of those whose names were borne
+upon the roll of the company at different times during these years.
+The names of the nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the
+Gun Squad have already been given. The list which follows embraces
+all who joined and served in its ranks from that time until the
+reorganization of the battery under the militia law of Ohio. The
+older residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar with its
+people of thirty and forty years ago, will recognize in this roster
+the names of many who are now, or were in the past, distinguished as
+honorable and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions
+in business, professional or political life. A large part of the
+old members of the Light Artillery are now dead. A considerable
+number of these made the supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar
+of patriotism, during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose
+names appear removed to other parts of the country and rose to
+prominence in the various walks of life. Some, including two of
+three of the detail from the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around
+Cleveland, commanding the highest respect and esteem of their
+fellow-citizens.
+
+These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized association to
+perpetuate the memories of “auld lang syne.” Regularly each year, on
+Washington’s birthday, they meet around the social board and recall
+reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance their
+comrades who died for their country, and upon the annual recurrence
+of Decoration Day they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves
+of those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland. The
+association is gradually diminishing in number, as one by one its
+members yield to the infirmities of age, but as long as any of them
+remain these yearly gatherings will be continued.
+
+The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery is as
+follows, including all whose names were on its roll from the
+beginning till the reorganization under the state law, in 1860:
+
+  Andrews, J. S.
+  Adams, S. E.
+  Abbey, H. G.
+  Ashcraft, S. F.
+  Adams, M.
+  Barnett, James
+  Bond, M. P.
+  Bond, T. N.
+  Brown, Ben.
+  Beardsley, E. S.
+  Bliss, Stoughton
+  Bingham, Henry
+  Bradburn, Charles
+  Bennett, James
+  Bennett, John A.
+  Brown, J. C.
+  Burwell, H. F.
+  Berry, William
+  Bradford, Charles
+  Beardsley, Clint.
+  Babcock, C. H.
+  Bynnar, C. E.
+  Benjame, John
+  Bills, George W.
+  Bocking, R. C.
+  Blake, I. W.
+  Berry, Alfred
+  Baldwin, N. A.
+  Beck, D. D.
+  Bull, John
+  Born, C. P.
+  Beckel, F.
+  Broat, J. H.
+  Burkhardt, J. H.
+  Cowan, William
+  Cowan, John.
+  Calkins, G. W.
+  Casement, John S.
+  Craw, James A.
+  Crawford, Randall
+  Coon, John
+  Cowdry, C. W.
+  Cowdry, J. M.
+  Craigen, William
+  Cate, William
+  Champlain, Wm. A.
+  Chapman, W. H.
+  Craig, William
+  Crawford, Frank
+  Chapin, E.
+  Curtis, A. F.
+  Clayton, D. B.
+  Crable, John
+  Cummings, B.
+  Dockstader, Richard
+  Dockstader, W. J.
+  Dunham, C. H.
+  Dexter, B. F.
+  Douglass, R. B.
+  Dunn, J. E.
+  Dumont, W.
+  Ensworth, J. W.
+  Ensworth, Jere
+  Eddy, F. H.
+  Eldridge, George D.
+  Edgarton, W. P.
+  Flint, Edward S.
+  Freeman, J. H.
+  Feickert, C.
+  Geer, Hezekiah
+  Green, J. M.
+  Gerlacher, J.
+  Gruninger, Fred
+  Gardner, O. S.
+  Grimshaw, J. W.
+  Hayward, W. H.
+  Harmon, J. C.
+  Hill, James
+  Higby, Charles
+  Harbeck, J. S.
+  Houghton, D. W.
+  Haskill, J. R.
+  Hilliard, William
+  Haidenburgh, J. H.
+  Ingersoll, John
+  Jones, Samuel
+  Johnson, J. W.
+  Krauss, G.
+  Kelley, George
+  Kittell, William
+  Krieger, Frank
+  Lawrence, W. E.
+  Lyon, W. A.
+  Langell, S. F.
+  Lucas, M.
+  Leonard, Charles
+  Lewis, E. H.
+  Lewis, S. J.
+  Marshall, Alex.
+  Machette, Thomas H.
+  Merwin, A.
+  McDole, N. K.
+  McOmber, J. H.
+  Merriam, C. J.
+  Miller, W. L.
+  Miller, James
+  McMurphy, P. F.
+  Mastick, H. A.
+  McIlrath, James
+  Matthews, H.
+  Marshall, Geo. F.
+  Newell, N. M.
+  Noble, H. M.
+  Nelson, S. N.
+  Nelson, N.
+  Pickersgill, William
+  Palmer, Horace
+  Perry, J. S.
+  Paddock, T. S.
+  Potts, W. H.
+  Potts, R. C.
+  Pynchon, J. B.
+  Patrick, C. L.
+  Pratt, D. M.
+  Price, David
+  Prentiss, W. W.
+  Pelton, F. S.
+  Race, Seymour
+  Rice, Percy W.
+  Reese, C. S.
+  Redhead, N. W.
+  Ruple, D. S.
+  Robinson, J. T.
+  Robison, W. S.
+  Ruff, Peter
+  Rodder, C. B.
+  Russell, C. L.
+  Scovill, O. C.
+  Scovill, Edward A.
+  Standart, W. E.
+  Standart, W. L.
+  Standart, S. H.
+  Standart, Geo. W.
+  Simmonds, W. R.
+  Sholl, W. H.
+  Seymour, Belden
+  Strong, J. T.
+  Sterling, J. M. Jr.
+  Sterling, E.
+  Simmonds, S. J.
+  Selden, C. A.
+  Sturges, S. B.
+  Sanford, E.
+  Sanford, Nelson
+  Sanford, J. R.
+  Sturtevant, S. C.
+  Stevenson, M.
+  Smith, Pard B.
+  Sweeny, Thomas T.
+  Stevens, W.
+  Sheldon, W. B.
+  Silsbee, S.
+  Story, J.
+  Smidt, N.
+  Schent, D.
+  Shields, J. C.
+  Taylor, D. C.
+  Thompson, T. J.
+  Towner, W.
+  Umbstaetter, D.
+  Utley, F. H.
+  Wood, David L.
+  Walworth, John
+  Walworth, William
+  Whittemore, M. C.
+  Whittemore, H. L.
+  Warmington, William
+  White, N. D.
+  Winslow, John
+  Wilbur, J. B.
+  Wehl, V.
+  Weidenkopf, N.
+  Werlig, A.
+  Wilson, F.
+
+Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery, it will be
+fitting to pay deserved tribute to the memory of David L. Wood, who
+served as its commandant for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and
+ability the company was so largely indebted for its honorable and
+successful career. He was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut,
+August 14, 1817. While yet a lad his parents removed to Buffalo,
+where he learned the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed
+to Cleveland and at once identified himself with the Grays. His
+connection with Fay’s Artillery Company in Buffalo, his detail from
+the Grays as sergeant of the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services
+in the battery have already been mentioned. Under the law passed in
+1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was appointed by Governor
+Chase to the responsible position of Quartermaster General of the
+state. So faithfully and efficiently did he discharge the duties of
+the position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison and was at
+the head of that most important department of the state executive
+when the war broke out in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability
+in fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded to
+the call. But the true military spirit was strong in him and nothing
+could satisfy him but active service in the field. He resigned his
+position at Columbus and having been by the President commissioned
+a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he
+went to the front in December. His regiment was afterward assigned
+to Thomas’s corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar
+thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so fearfully
+decimated, he was severely wounded. When partially recovered he asked
+to be placed on such duty as he could perform and was put in charge
+of a recruiting station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan made
+his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took command of a hastily
+organized company and joined in the pursuit of the rebel troopers,
+bearing an honorable part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon
+after this, although still suffering from the effects of his wound,
+he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment in the field, but it
+was not granted by reason of his disability and he was placed on the
+retired list.
+
+He went to Cleveland where he was several times elected a Justice
+of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to New York, in the hope that the
+climate might prove more favorable to his failing health. He grew
+worse, however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland. He was
+almost immediately prostrated by severe illness, which terminated
+fatally a few days later. On May 2nd he died, sincerely mourned by a
+wide circle of friends, and particularly by his old comrades of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately
+associated.
+
+Many will remember that for two or three years before the war, as
+the fast-growing sentiment against slavery became more active and
+aggressive in the North, there were mutterings that boded ill for
+the peace of the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds
+that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally burst upon
+the country in all its savage fury. These “signs of the times”
+had the effect, everywhere, to arouse the state authorities from
+their lethargy and measures were taken to encourage and promote the
+organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature of Ohio
+passed a militia law. The friends of the Cleveland Light Artillery
+had for years been hammering at the law-givers, urging the importance
+of state aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its way
+into the minds of the state officials and members of the Legislature,
+that an emergency might arise when a few serviceable cannon, and
+trained men to use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the
+new law they authorized the formation of artillery companies, each
+to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two sergeants and twenty
+privates, with one gun and caisson. The law further provided for the
+organization of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than
+six of such one-gun companies.
+
+In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland Artillery—four
+guns—was at once reorganized into four companies, and there were
+added one in Brooklyn, Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula
+county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though
+its strength in men and guns was only that of a single battery after
+things were placed upon a war footing. The following field and staff
+officers were elected and commissioned by the Governor August 1, 1860:
+
+  Colonel—James Barnett.
+  Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.
+  Major—Clark S. Gates.
+  Surgeon—C. E. Ames.
+  Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.
+  Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.
+
+The companies of the regiment were commended as follows:
+
+  Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.
+  Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.
+  Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.
+  Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.
+  Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.
+  Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.
+
+The organization was officially designated as the “First Regiment
+of Light Artillery, Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer
+Militia.”
+
+The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment” was at the
+unveiling of the statue of Commodore Perry, in Cleveland, September
+10th, 1860. The occasion was an imposing one, and a number of
+military companies from abroad were present and participated in the
+parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island, which was Commodore
+Perry’s native state. The visiting troops and distinguished guests
+accompanying them were hospitably entertained during their stay in
+Cleveland by the members and friends of the Artillery and the Grays.
+A few months later the pomp and glory of a holiday pageant were
+exchanged for the stern realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns
+of the Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell into the
+ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.
+
+Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860. As the
+political campaign of that year progressed the result was
+foreshadowed by the strong drift of public sentiment at the North.
+The “fire-eaters” of the South wrought themselves into a high
+state of excitement over their prospective defeat and for a month
+before the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession and
+revolution in such a contingency. The northern people were slow to
+believe that these declarations were anything more than “wind.” Even
+when they began to take definite form, after the election, the number
+was yet small who believed there would be a conflict of arms.
+
+The success of the Republican party in the election was made the
+pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks later South Carolina packed
+her knapsack and marched out of the Union. Six other states followed
+closely upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten at the
+ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box, but—as those
+most interested in this volume will remember, for they helped to
+make it so—this experiment was equally unsatisfactory to them in its
+outcome.
+
+By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and the people of
+the South to show great activity in the organization of military
+companies, the impression became quite general throughout the North
+that the situation was critical and there was serious trouble
+ahead—and not very far ahead, either. The great “coming event” of the
+century was “casting its shadow before.” Every day but strengthened
+and intensified the determination, through the great, loyal North,
+that at all hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag
+protected from dishonor.
+
+During the winter of 1860, months before the North was aroused by
+the mighty reveille that sounded amidst the echoes of Sumter, many
+independent companies then existing made a voluntary offer of their
+services, provided they should be needed. Among the first to show a
+desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was the Cleveland
+six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon as there began to be a
+smell of powder in the air the members of this organization promptly
+developed an appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General of
+Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services and stating that
+they might be depended upon to respond instantly to the call of duty.
+In two or three days an answer was received. The Adjutant General
+commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and in the name of
+the state thanked them effusively for their noble offer, but added
+that he had no idea they would be called upon, _as it was not at all
+probable that any cavalry or artillery would be required_! No doubt
+this official’s views soon underwent a most radical change. But his
+depressing letter had the effect of the proverbial “wet blanket” upon
+the more enthusiastic artillerists, who were beginning to actually
+suffer for a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be “much
+of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that during the ensuing
+four years there was not enough to go around; everybody who wanted
+any of it had abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after the
+Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General some of them really
+mourned over the prospect of “getting left.”
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+A PROMPT RESPONSE TO WAR’S ALARMS AND THE ARTILLERY GOES TO THE FRONT.
+
+
+At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky day—April
+12, 1861, the rebel batteries at Charleston opened fire on Fort
+Sumter. The fort was surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On
+this day President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling out
+seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months. That night it went
+out by telegraph, and on Monday the people of the North knew that the
+last hope of compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war” had
+been slipped, and the country was to be tested in the fierce crucible
+of a mighty conflict. None who witnessed it, or were a part of it,
+can ever forget the grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses,
+from Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio river, to
+avenge the insult of the National Flag. It need only be alluded to
+in this connection. The quotas of the various states under the first
+call for troops were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more
+than filled in a single day. All the organized military companies in
+Ohio offered their services, and all were clamorous that they should
+be accepted. There seemed to be a generally prevailing fear that the
+war would be “all over” before they could get there.
+
+The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad of the Cleveland
+Artillery was detailed more than twenty years before—left amidst
+prodigious excitement for Columbus, became Company E of the First
+Ohio Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But so far
+there was no call for the artillery. How all the men, from Colonel to
+powder-monkey, chafed in the impatience of their raging patriotism.
+It would be sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove
+that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no artillery would
+be needed”—or if a few cannon should be required the batteries of
+the Regular Army would supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would
+remain “out in the cold.”
+
+But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys, who were
+fretting themselves sick, had not long to wait for the glad summons.
+On Saturday, April 20, the following dispatch went singing over the
+wires:
+
+  Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.
+
+  To Colonel James Barnett,
+  Cleveland, O.
+
+  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday if possible. You can
+  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring
+  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+  Colonel’s rank. By order—
+
+  H. B. Carrington,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the evening of the day
+named. How the news spread through the city, as if borne upon the
+wings of the wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys to
+thumping and how they cheered at the tidings, while tears dimmed the
+eyes and moistened the cheeks of wives and mothers and sisters and
+sweethearts!
+
+Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to
+captains of companies:
+
+  You will report your command of twenty men ready to march to
+  Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at the Public Square. You
+  will have your piece and caisson and harness complete at the depot
+  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten
+  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A. M., under the
+  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior
+  officers.
+
+  By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.
+
+  James Barnett,
+  Colonel First Regiment Artillery,
+  S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.
+
+
+A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir up that company, and
+a telegram was sent to Geneva, carrying the news to Company F.
+
+“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as the artillerymen
+hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation for “going to war.”
+In Cleveland, as everywhere else, there was a furious ferment of
+excitement. For the moment business of every kind was laid aside.
+The one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands and sons
+and brothers had been called to the field to defend the nation’s
+flag. Not only their immediate friends but the citizens generally
+put forth every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.
+Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made. But no stimulating
+force was then necessary, for every heart was swelling with patriotic
+ardor and the spirit of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the
+utterance of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to express
+sympathy with those who had fired on the flag his life would not have
+been worth a rush. If there were any such, they kept prudently quiet.
+People shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words of cheer
+and encouragement to those who were about to leave for “the front.”
+The boys had little need, however, of being urged to obey the call
+of duty, and sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state
+of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their guns in the
+face of the foe.
+
+The state of public feeling was about as hot as it could be, but on
+Sunday morning another dispatch was received which added more fuel to
+the fierce flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.
+It was as follows:
+
+  Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.
+
+  To Colonel James Barnett,
+
+  Can you bring your command here tonight instead of waiting till
+  tomorrow? If so, come armed.
+
+  William Dennison, Governor.
+
+
+Thus early people began to learn that there is “no Sunday in war.”
+All that day the excitement increased. Those who took the time to go
+to church listened to sermons on the duty of the hour.
+
+It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment in time to get
+away on Sunday and the Governor was informed by telegraph that it
+would leave early Monday morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny
+at Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and could be ready to
+leave that night for the rendezvous at Cleveland. The necessary
+transportation was provided and the company reported before daylight.
+Company C. from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and half the
+people of that town accompanied the boys to the city to “see them
+off.”
+
+During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there was the greatest
+activity among the members and friends of the regiment. The whole
+city was astir and fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of
+people turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading to
+Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers. The latter were,
+of course, only provided with a “pick up” outfit, it being expected
+that all necessary clothing and supplies would be furnished by the
+state authorities.
+
+In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape as possible the
+citizens contributed a sum sufficient for the purchase of one hundred
+and twenty blankets—all that could be found in Cleveland suitable
+for military use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,
+and the following memorandum of the purchases is given as an item of
+interest:
+
+                     Number.    Price.    Amount.
+
+  E. I. Baldwin        12     $ 1.48-⅓    $ 17.80
+  Taylor & Griswold     3       2.50         7.50
+  Alcott & Horton      92       2.00       184.00
+  Morgan & Root        13       1.75        22.75
+                      ———     ——————      ———————
+      Total           120                 $232.05
+
+At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about one hundred and
+sixty men, embarked on a special train. There were hasty and tearful
+farewells and the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and
+cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music of brass
+bands.
+
+At that time no one had more than a vague and foggy idea of what
+war was. It had not yet become the serious matter that it was a
+few months later, and during the four long and bitter years that
+followed. The first volunteers went to the field with a grand
+hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism, but with no
+conception of the hardship and privation and blood and fire and
+death that were before them. The sickle was sharpened but had not
+been thrust in to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no
+stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with mangled
+victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed with the dead and dying;
+no long, weary marches, through heat and cold and storm; no ravages
+of wasting disease. All these were yet as an unopened book to these
+men hastening to the field, and to those who with moistened eyes and
+beating hearts bade them farewell and God speed. Only a few then
+believed that there would be much of a war—that the trouble would not
+all be over in sixty or ninety days.
+
+The following is a roster of the regiment as it left Cleveland, the
+officers of the field and staff having been already given. A few men
+who joined some of the companies a few weeks later are included:
+
+
+COMPANY A.
+
+Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A. Bennett.
+
+  Roger D. Throup,
+  Joseph Dunn,
+  John A. Benjamin,
+  Thos J. Thompson,
+  John J. Kelley,
+  M. Eugene Cornell,
+  John H. Blair,
+  George W. Clark,
+  Thomas D. Beckwith,
+  Edward P. Anson,
+  Isaac Cramer,
+  David H. Throup,
+  Richard Dunn,
+  George Bruster,
+  Henry New,
+  Henry H. Rebbeck,
+  J. Hale Sypher,
+  W. M. Camp,
+  Henry Moels,
+  Daniel Reynolds,
+  John R. Milton,
+  Amasa Bailey,
+  William Bruner.
+
+
+COMPANY B.
+
+Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First Sergeant,
+Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant Mathias Adams.
+
+  Daniel Scheuer,
+  George Chapin,
+  John Galcher,
+  Andrew Worley,
+  Charles B. Rodder,
+  Peter Ruff,
+  Adolph Menzelman,
+  Peter Reidenbach,
+  Lewis Fahrion,
+  Frederick Beckel,
+  Leonard Nerriter,
+  Abraham Fredericks,
+  Michael Schoemer,
+  Nicholas Weidenkopf,
+  William Ebert,
+  Lawrence Nigel,
+  Christian Tenfel,
+  Alexander Erhart,
+  Michael Lucas.
+
+
+COMPANY C.
+
+Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears; First Sergeant, F.
+S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C. Schneider.
+
+  Levi Fish,
+  William Fish,
+  Alexander Heve,
+  F. W. Wirth,
+  William Llewellyn,
+  C. E. Marcellus,
+  Frank Storer,
+  George Lyon,
+  G. R. Davis,
+  Edward S. Brainerd,
+  Abel Fish,
+  Henry Fish,
+  John C. Brainerd,
+  C. M. Dean,
+  J. H. Boyden,
+  J. L. Hand,
+  E. S. Allen,
+  William Grotzinger,
+  Frank Wattles,
+  Henry Roberts,
+  George Schmale.
+
+
+COMPANY D.
+
+Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First Sergeant, E. F.
+Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.
+
+  W. P. Edgarton,
+  George D. E. Murray,
+  D. S. Davis,
+  William Kidd,
+  H. G. Vincent,
+  Frank Wilson,
+  Robinson Smith,
+  S. W. Killam,
+  C. H. Rice,
+  G. W. Tillotson,
+  J. S. Harbeck,
+  N. A. Baldwin,
+  George Crawford,
+  J. C. Shields,
+  Henry Orland,
+  J. A. Sterling,
+  W. A. Champlin,
+  Alexander Marshall,
+  L. W. Thatcher,
+  Orlando S. Gardner.
+
+
+COMPANY E.
+
+Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck; First Sergeant,
+Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine Heckman.
+
+  Louis Smithnight,
+  Frank Thaler,
+  Conrad Schwendner,
+  George Eshenbrenner,
+  George Bruehler,
+  Fred Wetzel,
+  Gerhardt Schmidt,
+  Henry Trumpy,
+  J. A. Zeller,
+  Albert Rigler,
+  Jacob Bomhardt,
+  George W. Payson,
+  Charles Herig,
+  William Schutt,
+  George Kugler,
+  George Wolf,
+  August Beiser.
+
+
+COMPANY F.
+
+Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S. Munger; Second
+Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second
+Sergeant, C. D. Lane; Corporal, J. H. Coller.
+
+  H. H. Thorp,
+  A. D. Myers,
+  W. E. Proctor,
+  M. L. Fitch,
+  H. W. Gage,
+  Theodore Stroughton,
+  Frank Viets,
+  E. D. Turner,
+  W. H. H. Crowell,
+  D. W. Dorman,
+  A. A. Burrows,
+  A. R. Paddock,
+  A. B. Thorp,
+  M. D. Stowe,
+  Myron Bartholomew,
+  M. Y. Ransom,
+  A. B. Smith.
+
+Musician—James Willis.
+
+Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon Chambers, Edward Gates,
+Thomas Morris.
+
+It may be remarked here in passing that the men were not long in
+learning that there was something in “soldiering” besides romance and
+“flowery beds of ease.” Before June 1st six or seven of them had been
+discharged for disability by reason of sickness, and one made up his
+mind that he had got all he wanted and deserted.
+
+All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed and shouted in the
+exuberance of their patriotic emotions, and told one another of the
+valorous deeds they would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded
+them. At all points along the route the people greeted them with
+uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted the guns and caissons,
+which were on platform cars, were regarded with the utmost curiosity
+and interest by crowds of men, women and children. The engines of war
+were a novelty to them.
+
+On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed that the
+regiment would debark and go into camp for a few days at least—an
+order was received to proceed at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way
+of Loveland. It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being
+threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry companies
+from that part of the state which had offered their services had been
+sent to Washington. The city was wholly defenseless and there were
+no troops to send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.
+After something had been learned of the art of war it came to be
+considered the proper thing to always provide an infantry support
+for artillery, but nobody thought of such things at the moment of
+emergency. So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland, with
+their guns and caissons, but without a single horse to move them,
+were hurried away to prevent the rebels from capturing Marietta. It
+is but justice to the members of the regiment to say that they had
+an abiding confidence in their ability to hold that city against the
+entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went whirling on through
+the darkness all hearts were swelling with patriotism and a heroic
+determination to obey every call of duty, even to facing death in
+its most awful form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence
+wading in blood immediately.
+
+Marietta was reached early next morning but no enemy was there to
+fight. The air was full of wild rumors that legions of rebels were
+approaching, with evil designs upon the city, and the people were
+badly scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real
+cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The men were most
+cordially welcomed and received with unbounded hospitality. The
+regiment went into camp on the fair grounds, placing the guns in
+position to command the city and spread havoc and destruction among
+any misguided people who should attempt to capture it.
+
+The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in the way of
+supplies from either the state or national government. Indeed the
+men had not even been mustered into the service—and as a matter of
+fact they were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions
+were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by mail and telegraph,
+for clothing, rations, ammunition, etc., all of which were quite
+indispensable to efficient service. When ordered on from Columbus
+Colonel Barnett had been assured that everything needful would
+be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor was
+the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The Cleveland
+contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten. It was a pretty
+clear case of “out of sight out of mind.” There may have been some
+excuse for this in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly
+and found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency; nor had
+there been sufficient time as yet for the United States government
+to adjust itself to a condition of actual war and provide for the
+needs of its soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best
+they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing them to
+the front in the shortest possible time everything was in the wildest
+chaos. It is little wonder that things went at haphazard and it was
+only by chance that any officer got for his men what they needed.
+
+As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions came both
+officers and men began to get a little warm under the collar. Colonel
+Barnett prodded up the Columbus people daily, his messages growing
+more and more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been
+provided with a single horse and would have been of little practical
+value in case of an attack, unless the rebels had kindly marched up
+in front of the guns and permitted themselves to be shot down. In
+this case the slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been
+supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment passed through
+Columbus the condition of the command was reported and the Adjutant
+General had promised that horses and ammunition should be promptly
+furnished at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,
+before leaving the state capital, several pork barrels full of round
+shot, a few chests of fine rifle powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey
+stuff, ostensibly for the purpose of making cartridges. The whole
+“outfit” was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns and
+the powder was no doubt a good thing with which to go squirrel
+hunting, but was little better than so much sawdust for artillery
+use. It will be readily understood that at this time the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage to
+the Southern Confederacy.
+
+The men had no clothing except that which they had brought from
+home. Few had a change of garments, as it was understood when
+they left Cleveland that they would be amply supplied. They could
+rub along a while with what clothes they had but they must have
+“grub”—that was in the nature of a prime and fundamental necessity.
+Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went, but it didn’t go a
+long way in satisfying the cravings of an empty stomach. Appeals to
+the authorities were in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a
+contract with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the command.
+There was nothing else to be done, and it is just to the authorities
+to say that this bill was finally allowed and paid by the state. It
+is also fair to Mr. Hall to say that he carried out his contract in
+good faith, furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin for
+grumbling.
+
+The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was named “Camp
+Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic citizen of Marietta who was
+a direct descendant of Gen. Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary
+fame. The men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or
+two later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme. The
+kindness and hospitality of the citizens were conspicuous. No effort
+was spared to make the boys as comfortable as possible. But even
+under these favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that
+they were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good deal
+for their country. When they came to experience the real hardships
+of active service in the field they looked back with unutterable
+yearnings to the idle weeks that were largely spent in playing euchre
+and “old sledge” at Camp Putnam.
+
+Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and of the post of
+Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline and daily drills
+rapidly increased the efficiency of the command. Early efforts were
+made to secure a supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked
+up at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were no shells or
+canister, and the solid shot were not only wrong in size but they
+were not round and could not have been thrown with any degree of
+precision. Colonel Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a
+quantity of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged the use of
+a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to work turning sabots,
+and a laboratory was fitted up where cartridges were made and the
+sabots were properly strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work
+was performed by the members of the regiment. Many of them were
+excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and willing. Such men
+can do anything. The ladies of Marietta offered their services,
+glad of the opportunity to do something for the cause of the Union.
+Since the first tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint
+and preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly in
+excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody had been hurt
+yet, and a million or two of women all over the North had been
+engaged in the work. Now there was a chance for the matrons and
+maidens of Marietta to render assistance in another very practical
+way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured and immediately
+a hundred fair hands were at work, plying scissors and needle, in
+making cartridge-bags. The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a
+wonderfully short time they had finished enough to last for months.
+The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at Columbus was
+exchanged for cannon powder, and the artillery began to look more
+like business. This homemade ammunition was largely used in target
+practice, which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness. Day
+after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery, as the boys
+sighted their guns at the targets and imagined themselves hurling the
+whistling missiles through solid battalions of rebels.
+
+It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing and camp and
+garrison equipage were received. About the middle of May, Captain O.
+M. Poe, of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by
+Gen. George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery
+with a view to its being ready for service, at a moment’s notice.
+Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly pleased with the command
+and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its members.
+He assured Colonel Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped
+without further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at
+length there would be something besides mere promises. A few days
+later this was partially realized by the arrival of a quantity of
+clothing, which made the men feel more like soldiers, even though
+it was shoddy—and very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the
+garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two of wear was
+sufficient to finish them. They had to be thrown aside out of a
+decent regard for the usages and proprieties of civilized people.
+While wearing these clothes the men would break for their quarters
+and hide themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came a
+lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds. These were
+heartily welcomed, as the boys had been forced to make all sorts
+of shifts, with such articles as were kindly furnished them by the
+people of Marietta.
+
+About this time another idea appears to have effected a lodgment in
+the minds of the authorities at Columbus, and that was that horses
+were quite essential for field artillery. A stirring up by Gen.
+McClellan caused a dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing
+and directing him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or
+“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really was—by
+purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta. A day later came the
+following, which will be of interest as a relic of the early days of
+the war:
+
+  Adjutant General’s Office,
+
+  Columbus, May 25, 1861.
+
+  Special Order No. 244.
+
+  Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you have not
+  previously acted upon telegram sent this evening, you will purchase
+  for your battery 76 horses, upon the best terms you can, putting
+  them under the best discipline for prompt action.
+
+  From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected that you can
+  purchase for a sum not to exceed from 75 to 110 dollars each. The
+  army limit I understand to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at
+  these times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to whom
+  you have letters and report your proposals by telegraph.
+
+  By order of Commander-in-Chief,
+
+  H. B. CARRINGTON,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the sum of $10,000
+was placed to his credit by the State of Ohio, in a Marietta bank,
+out of which the horses were to be paid for as fast as purchased. On
+the same day the above order was received, came also the following
+telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of excitement and
+caused a wild rush into the region round about to look for horses:
+
+  Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,
+
+  Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to me when ready
+  for service.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General U. S. A.
+
+Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the battery were
+immediately sent out to scour the country. Whenever a suitable animal
+was found that could be bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel
+Barnett was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the
+sort of animal purchased and the price that had been agreed upon.
+These orders were promptly paid by Colonel Barnett with checks upon
+the bank. A few sample orders are given below. They were written on
+cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd bits of paper of
+every variety of size, shape and color:
+
+  Col. Barnett,
+
+  Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one daple gray horse.
+
+  F. W. Pelton.
+
+
+  Col. Barnett,
+
+  Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy dollars ($170)
+  for one sorril gelding and one sorril mare.
+
+  John Newton.
+
+  To Col. Barnett,
+
+  Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars in Ohio money
+  for one iron grey horse, weight eleven hundred, six years old,
+  fifteen hands high, wich we ar a going to keep with us. Sargt.
+  Gruninger want to keep him to ride and send the livery horse home.
+
+  T. R. Wells.
+
+  Col. James Barnett,
+
+  Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars for two sorrel
+  mairs, 160$.
+
+  Henry Faring.
+
+These orders, besides being of historical interest, go to show that
+correct orthography is not essential to the purest and loftiest
+patriotism. The “mairs” for which the last order was given were
+accepted, although of the wrong sex to comply with army regulations,
+which requires that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery
+service shall be of the masculine gender. Only males, of the equine
+as well as the human race, are considered to be fit for war.
+
+Within two days the required number of horses was obtained. All hands
+were busy “breaking them in” to their new sphere of usefulness.
+Trained horses are only second in value to trained men for artillery
+service. When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference
+in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear to have a plentiful
+supply of “sand” and display an intelligent courage that is almost
+heroic, while others become sadly demoralized under fire and are
+totally unmanageable.
+
+Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns into
+the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was to
+participate. Something fresh in this line was circulated through the
+camp every hour. No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned
+later to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody
+in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had a consuming
+desire to do something that would help to put down the rebellion.
+Like all new troops, at every stage of the war, they were impressed
+with the idea that their mission was to fight somebody, and they
+chafed at the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be
+strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to test the truth
+of the somewhat apocryphal statement that “it is sweet to die for
+one’s country,” it may safely be recorded that they were eager to go
+on the war-path, and as to the rest they were willing to take the
+chances. An order to move was daily expected and the utmost activity
+prevailed in the work of getting everything in perfect readiness to
+respond at once to the summons.
+
+By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta, consisting of
+the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel James B. Steadman, and the
+Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth
+had been drilling for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It
+came with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for service. The
+Eighteenth had not yet received arms and equipments, but these were
+promised at an early day. In those days a regiment of infantry meant
+a thousand men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred, such
+as were common later in the war, when the ranks had been decimated by
+disease and the deadly storm of battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached
+Marietta on the 24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.
+
+The rumors of forward movements at length assumed definite form. It
+became known that a campaign was about to begin across the river in
+Western Virginia. On May 27th the following dispatch was received:
+
+  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply him with a
+  detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General.
+
+On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat to Parkersburg,
+Virginia—the state of West Virginia had not then been formed—being
+the first Union force to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took
+possession without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It was
+now reasonably certain that the artillery would very soon follow to
+take part in the campaign. Every man was directed to hold himself
+ready to be up and away at a moment’s notice.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+THE CAMPAIGN IN WESTERN VIRGINIA.
+
+
+Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of glory disturbed
+the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam during the night of May 27th.
+Nor were they far out of the way, for before another sunset, part
+of the artillery would be en route for “the front.” Early on the
+morning of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett a
+dispatch which read as follows:
+
+  Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Send immediately to this place two companies of artillery, with
+  their pieces, horses, and three hundred rounds of ammunition.
+
+  JAMES B. STEADMAN,
+  Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.
+
+Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing Colonel Steadman
+that the battery was entirely destitute of ammunition for field
+service. A supply was hourly expected and upon its arrival the
+detachment would be sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the
+afternoon Colonel Steadman replied as follows:
+
+  Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  If you can send two of your companies with their pieces do so at
+  once. The presence of the men and guns will have a good effect.
+  Send forward as many of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed
+  and equipped. I want them to garrison this place. These are General
+  McClellan’s instructions.
+
+  JAMES B. STEADMAN,
+  Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.
+
+During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams from all sources,
+among which were the following:
+
+  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred rounds of
+  canister will be shipped to you from Columbus this evening. As soon
+  as you receive it detach two pieces with an officer and complement
+  of men with ammunition to go forward and report to Col. Steadman
+  at the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad beyond
+  Parkersburg.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General.
+
+  Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan. Telegraph me
+  when you move a company. Keep me advised of all your movements.
+  Clothing and supplies go by your Quartermaster.
+
+  H. B. CARRINGTON,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a continual fever
+of excitement, which grew hotter every hour. In reply to Colonel
+Steadman’s second dispatch Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the
+substance of General McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the
+two companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam was greatly
+disturbed by the question as to which two of the six companies should
+constitute this detachment. All were eager to go, apparently saddened
+by the thought that this, their first, might be their last, and only
+chance to get an experimental knowledge of what war was. The military
+career of the four companies which stayed behind would terminate in
+an inglorious journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning
+their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D, Captain Rice, and
+F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate ones. They were ordered to be
+ready to embark early on the following day. The detachment was placed
+in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.
+
+The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies D and F, with
+their guns, horses, and equipments complete, were soon on board a
+special steamboat and left in high spirits, replying with great gusts
+to the parting cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained.
+On reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve miles down
+the river from Marietta, it was found that Colonel Steadman, to
+whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges had been ordered to report with the
+detachment, had advanced some distance beyond that place on the line
+of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged in
+repairing bridges which the retreating enemy had destroyed. The
+artillery detachment pushed on promptly and joined him May 30—12 M.
+At last they were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to
+send the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia hills.
+The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen a rousing reception,
+greeting them with loud and oft-repeated cheers.
+
+At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command of the
+rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with his headquarters at
+Grafton. The loyal sentiment in Western Virginia was very strong.
+Those who favored secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed
+of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy the territory
+as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording encouragement and
+protection to the loyal people and holding that section from being
+dragged into the vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the
+great majority of the people.
+
+The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to retain possession
+to recruit their armies, secure the supplies which the country
+afforded, and bring every possible influence to bear upon the people
+to induce them to cast their fortunes with the South. To this
+end Colonel Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior
+to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a high-flown
+proclamation to the people of Western Virginia. In sounding phrase
+he called upon them to stand by their state and urged them to fill
+up the Confederate ranks and assist in protecting their firesides
+from the ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot of
+Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated “Yankees,” though it
+took every drop of blood in his veins. A few days later he and such
+of his soldiers as were not killed or captured were leaving tracks
+behind them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape
+from their blue-coated pursuers.
+
+General McClellan was in command of all the Union forces in that
+department. He planned the campaign and directed the movements that
+were so successful during the early days of the war. The services
+rendered by the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of
+inestimable value to the government, even though the amount of blood
+actually shed on either side was not large when compared with the
+copious streams that reddened the earth before the war was finished.
+The “battles” of those days would have ranked only as skirmishes
+when the great conflict was at its height, when mighty armies met
+and thousands upon thousands were slain or wounded in a single day.
+But history has justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to
+arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry saved
+Western Virginia to the Union. In this campaign the Cleveland Light
+Artillery bore a most honorable part and deserved the high praise
+which was so freely accorded to it.
+
+The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced rapidly along the Baltimore and
+Ohio Railroad, moving by train with occasional stops for the repair
+of bridges and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished
+that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached, about eighty miles
+east of Parkersburg. There was occasional skirmishing on the way, and
+a few prisoners were picked up, but no action of moment took place.
+The enemy retreated at all points before the advance of the Union
+force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied, without loss of life, by a
+force under Colonel B. F. Kelley, First Virginia (Union) Volunteers,
+which made a rapid movement from Wheeling and secured a safe
+lodgment at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad haste
+upon its approach.
+
+The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg and Grafton
+fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles south of Grafton. Here they
+made a stand and announced their determination to fight. It was at
+once decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate
+advance of the Union forces upon that place was ordered. It was
+desirable to again strike the enemy before he should have time to
+fortify and otherwise strengthen his position. The rebel commander
+was calling loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of the utmost
+importance to keep him on the run before his force should be so
+augmented as to outnumber the Union troops. The greatest energy was
+displayed in the movement on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies
+of the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of the
+Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster, within 12 miles
+of Grafton, and the nearest point to Philippi. To reach the latter, a
+rapid march of fifteen miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved
+from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery in command
+of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At the same time another column
+was advancing on Philippi from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The
+whole expedition was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,
+Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General McClellan.
+
+It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see what has become
+of the four companies of the artillery which remained grumbling in
+Camp Putnam when Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment
+to join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long to wait.
+One more night in camp, and then came a summons that electrified
+them. The four companies, with all the goods, chattels and other
+appurtenances thereto belonging, embarked on a steamboat and went
+with all speed to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river
+opposite Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five
+miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders set their
+feet for the first time within the confines of Dixie’s Land. Barnett
+reported to General Morris and was directed to move his command at
+once by rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to the
+column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon Philippi. The infantry
+force consisted of portions of Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia,
+the North Indiana, Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel
+Irvine. This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles east
+of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi was to be made.
+The route was four or five miles longer than that to be traversed by
+the co-operating force to advance from Webster.
+
+General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing the
+details of the movement, dated Grafton, June 2d, 1861: You must
+regulate your march according to your own discretion, and your
+bivouac or rest at night in such manner that you are sure of coming
+before the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning as
+possible. Should you this evening receive certain information that
+the rebels have retreated eastward from Philippi, you will make the
+resting time of your troops as short as possible, in order to follow
+them up with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.
+
+The right attacking column was under the command of Colonel Dumont,
+Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to which the force of Steadman had been
+joined, with part of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The
+following is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:
+
+  Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,
+
+  Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.
+
+  Colonel Dumont,
+  Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,
+  Va.:
+
+  Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening at 8:30 o’clock
+  to Webster with eight companies of your regiment. At Webster you
+  will be Joined by Colonel Steadman with five companies of his
+  regiment and two field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel
+  Crittenden with six companies of his regiment. From Webster
+  you will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your own
+  discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in view that you
+  should arrive in front of the town at 4 o’clock precisely tomorrow
+  morning.
+
+  Information is received that the rebels are in some force at
+  Philippi. The object of your column will be to divert attention
+  until the attack is made by Colonel Kelley, and should resistance
+  be offered you are to aid him to the extent of your ability. In the
+  conduct of your column you must use your discretion, being governed
+  by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by Colonel Kelley
+  the whole force will be under his command.
+
+  The companies of your command will take two full days’ rations.
+  Should you receive instructions from Colonel Kelley that the rebels
+  have retreated, you will join him at once and act under his command.
+
+  By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:
+
+  JOHN A. STEIN.
+  Acting Assistant Adjutant General.
+
+The intention was to surprise the rebels and the movement was
+admirably planned and carried out to effect this result. This force,
+leaving after dark, had reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in
+advance of any information from their friends and, as events proved,
+did so. The advance was favored by the extreme darkness of the night
+and a continuous fall of rain. These circumstances contributed in no
+small degree to the complete success of the expedition, but they were
+rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first march under
+such dismal conditions.
+
+All night, through the darkness and drenching rain, the two columns
+pushed on, over roads so rough and muddy that they were in some
+places almost impassable to artillery. It was only by the aid of
+the men who swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to
+the wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns and
+caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism indeed. They
+tried bravely to keep up their spirits as they trudged along through
+mud and water and stumbled over the roots and stumps and stones that
+lay in their pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see
+his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the poetry and
+romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness and completeness that
+was paralyzing. Most of these men “followed the flag” during the long
+years of war. They passed through many such unspeakably wretched
+nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed to equal in misery
+those weary hours of floundering through the mire, with benumbed
+limbs and soaked and dripping garments during that night march to
+Philippi.
+
+There was no postponement of the engagement on account of the
+weather, and promptly at the appointed hour, 4 a. m., the two columns
+were in communication before the town. Like most of the so-called
+“towns” in the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place, though
+the county seat of Barbour county. It had a shabby courthouse, a
+still more shabby hotel, a few houses in which the Philippians lived,
+and a name—that was all.
+
+The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly and carefully
+made, with the object of capturing the entire rebel force, whatever
+it might be. At daylight the troops, which had nearly surrounded the
+town in order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different
+directions to spring the trap that had been set. The early morning
+visitation was a complete surprise to the rebels. There were a few
+sleepy pickets posted at isolated points, several of which were taken
+in before they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of
+them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off their
+guns and then break for the town. This alarmed the main body of the
+Confederate forces and in an instant the direst confusion prevailed.
+Colonel Porterfield and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel
+and were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily throwing on
+their clothes they quickly mounted their horses and dashed around
+endeavoring to learn what the trouble was all about.
+
+The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels of the
+retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told the rebels that
+they must fight or run and that the decision must be made at once.
+In the light of subsequent evidence it may be considered likely
+that Colonel Porterfield was willing to fight, but the Confederate
+soldiers deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not upon
+the order of their going but went at once and with the utmost
+precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,” to use a word that was
+current in war times.
+
+The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use their guns and
+they made the most of it, to the extent of sixteen rounds. Although
+sharing fully in the wild excitement of the first meeting with
+the enemy they served their pieces with a coolness and skill that
+elicited from those in command words of the highest praise. (It is a
+matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of one soldier,
+the first casualty by artillery fire in the field done by the Union
+forces, but it is undeniably true that the roar of their guns and
+the plunging shot greatly aided in demoralizing the rebels and
+accelerating the speed with which they sought a safe place far in the
+rear.)
+
+The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the efforts of
+their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They had barely time
+to get away, and left behind them a large quantity of supplies
+and material of war which had been collected. The rear end of the
+disorganized rebel procession had not disappeared when Colonel
+Kelley’s column came in sight. His advance dashed after the enemy,
+himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish. It did not
+last long, however, as the rebels fled out of range at the earliest
+possible moment. None of the Union soldiers were killed. A few were
+wounded, and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received a
+pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from duty for some
+weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing foe was impossible, owing to
+the extremely exhausted condition of the men after their all-night
+march in the storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off
+at a speed that defied successful competition. The command of the
+Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.
+
+The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had been living
+in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good breakfast had been
+prepared for them by “mine host,” but the latter suddenly found
+himself entertaining unbidden and wholly unexpected guests. The
+inordinate haste with which the rebel commander and his official
+family evacuated the town would not permit them to partake of that
+breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly thankful hearts—and
+stomachs—by a company of Union officers.
+
+The following is an extract from the official report of the affair,
+made to General McClellan by General Morris:
+
+“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely surprised,
+as the reports of those engaged in the attack attest. The failure
+to capture the entire rebel force can only be attributed to the
+storm during the night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call
+forth an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism of
+officers and men was as truly displayed in a march of fifteen miles
+in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and over a mountainous country
+as in the irresistible attack and hot pursuit of the discomfited
+enemy. The last five miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in
+one hour and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the road.
+Others threw away their haversacks and provisions to keep up, rushing
+forward with a determination that showed what spirit animated the
+command. I regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances the
+two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the time assigned for
+their meeting. An able reconnoissance in advance of Colonel Dumont’s
+column was made by Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly
+accepted, and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly indebted.
+The immediate direction of the artillery was confided to him. After
+the bridge was taken he pressed forward and joined Colonel Kelley,
+rode into the enemy’s ranks and captured the prisoner reported to
+have shot Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining the
+Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching the man, who was a
+noted secessionist and a quartermaster of the rebel forces.
+
+“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason of the fall
+of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will perceive there is much
+difficulty in making an accurate statement of the enemy’s losses. The
+killed are estimated at from fifteen to forty, which were carried
+off it is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to the
+pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp equipage, provisions,
+arms, wagons, horses and medical stores were captured, an inventory
+of which will be made as soon as possible.”
+
+When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle” and the creditable
+manner in which the “boys” had acquitted themselves, they were
+regarded as the heroes of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude.
+It was Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens
+felt a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their
+representatives in almost the first engagement of the war.
+
+That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary was not the fault
+of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had stayed no doubt there would
+have been a warm engagement. It takes two parties to get up a fight,
+and when one of them “runs away” in order that he may “live to fight
+another day,” there is no alternative but to postpone the battle
+until that day comes around. But it was a clear and unquestionable
+victory, if it wasn’t a very big one. It was memorable as being
+the first field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War. It
+was hailed through the North with loud acclaim. The newspapers
+teemed with praise of the gallant men who won it, and the mails
+were burdened with letters of congratulation and compliment from
+friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers from the North
+had that endurance and pluck of which soldiers are made; it did much
+to prick the bubble of idle boasting that one Southern man could
+whip five “Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was the
+Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some people believed,
+after Philippi, that the war was about over. Some of the victorious
+blue-coats thought so and they felt an exceeding great joy that
+they had been permitted to participate in the action that was the
+death-blow to the rebellion.
+
+The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere was only equaled
+by the apprehension and alarm in the South that were caused by
+even so trifling a defeat as this. Especially was this true of the
+Confederate forces in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an
+almost hopeless state of demoralization. One point after another was
+being seized and held by the Union troops; regiments from Ohio and
+Indiana were hurrying forward to reinforce them, and there seemed
+little hope of being able to dislodge them from that part of the
+state. After the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent
+to the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing the
+Confederate cause in that section to be in a desperate condition, and
+urging immediate and decisive steps to reorganize and reinforce the
+army, unless Western Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It
+will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts from the
+correspondence which took place at this time between rebel officials
+in Western Virginia and at Richmond. Under date of June 6th, 1861,
+Major M. G. Harman, commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert
+E. Lee:
+
+“From all the information that I have received I am pained to have
+to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield is entirely
+unequal to the position which he occupies. The affair at Philippi
+was a disgraceful surprise, occurring about daylight, there being
+no picket or guard of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that
+our men were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were only
+aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the Northwest
+and of our inexperienced soldiers depends upon an immediate change
+of commanders, and giving the command to a bold and experienced
+leader. * * * * * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain
+possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from you
+authority to call out and arm the companies from all the valley
+counties and send them to that quarter instead of their going, as
+heretofore directed, to their different rendezvous. Send up five
+thousand flint-lock muskets from Richmond and I will have them
+overhauled and put in order for use.”
+
+On the same day Major Harman sent a communication to Colonel
+Porterfield in which he said:
+
+“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied by cavalry
+and infantry, which will be joined by other troops on the way and
+the whole force will report to you at Beverly. On the day following
+from two to three thousand troops will be sent to you by President
+Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic dispatch from
+the Commander-in-Chief of our army, saying: “Send a messenger to
+tell Colonel Porterfield to be valiant and maintain his ground until
+relief reaches him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having
+received no official communication from you, but learning from
+private sources, since the disaster to our arms at Philippi, that you
+are almost without ammunition, I have determined to send you a supply
+by express.”
+
+When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did not stop running
+until they reached Huttonsville, nearly forty miles southward,
+and near Beverly, in Randolph county. From his headquarters there
+Porterfield wrote on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant
+General of the Virginia forces at Richmond:
+
+“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant, both
+officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the soldier. With
+efficient drill officers they might be made effective; but I have
+to complain that the field officers sent to command these men are
+of no assistance to me, and are, for the most part, as ignorant of
+their duties as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the
+men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good staff officers
+may be sent me to aid in organizing this raw force, than which there
+is none more so now in the service. * * * It is necessary that at
+least five thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the
+enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not soon sent
+it will be impossible to keep the open field, even as a mere corps
+of observation, but we will have to retire to the mountains, where
+it will be most difficult, if not impossible, to provision even this
+small force.”
+
+On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett and asked for
+a chance to redeem himself:
+
+“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported to have about
+five thousand men and are fortifying themselves. The same number are
+said to be at Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said to
+be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed at different
+points on the railroads. * * * A regiment from Tennessee is expected
+here tomorrow, having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of
+heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders should be sent
+to this country until some position is selected to be fortified and
+a strong and reliable infantry force is sent to support it. * * *
+The percussion caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for
+shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements are
+now expected, and we shall have active service in this part of the
+state, I desire to be continued on duty here. It was not until after
+repeated calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force
+entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty elsewhere.”
+
+But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have any more
+Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of commanders. On June
+13th General Lee wrote from Richmond to Porterfield, informing him
+that Garnett had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been sent
+to take command in Northwestern Virginia.
+
+A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the conduct of
+Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which led to the inglorious
+defeat and rout of the Confederate force. The court made an
+exhaustive investigation and submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy
+report thereupon. A few extracts from this document will be read with
+interest by those who had a hand in the game:
+
+“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at between daybreak
+and sunrise, this command was attacked and taken by surprise; no
+alarm or intimation of the enemy’s approach having been given by
+the guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within some four
+hundred yards of the place, and had commenced the fire from his
+artillery. It is shown that a main and picket guard, as strong as was
+consistent with the effective infantry force present, was regularly
+detailed and posted at distances sufficiently far out to accomplish
+the object in view, provided they knew and did their duty, which
+latter is strongly to be suspected, from the fact that, although in
+advance, they failed to give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a
+conclusion which is strengthened by the report of the mounted
+officers out with the scouting parties on the night of June 2nd,
+that they had neither seen an infantry picket nor been challenged
+by its sentinels, going from or returning to the town that night.
+It appears that immediately upon the arrival of the command at
+Philippi the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures
+to place his force, which was raw and new in service, under a course
+of instruction, and to select those in his opinion best fitted to
+instruct the sentinels and guards in their duties. The testimony
+shows that, while there was a certain degree of confusion in some
+quarters, a portion of the command moved from the town in good order,
+and that the whole force, nearly, after passing some distance, was
+reformed and proceeded in order.
+
+“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of attack or
+movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was generally entertained
+among the officers and others of the command, and that intelligence
+(how well founded is not known) was brought from time to time of the
+strength and supposed intent of the enemy.
+
+“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced its effect as
+to induce the officer in command to call a meeting of his officers;
+that the result of their consultations and deliberations was an
+almost if not entirely unanimous decision in favor of immediate
+retreat; that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room (from
+which he had been absent a short time), their opinion was conveyed
+to him, to which he seemed loath to accede; yet, determined to make
+a further examination of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the
+baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”
+
+Here follow several points in which, according to the judgment of
+this court, the commanding officer “erred.” General R. E. Lee, in
+reviewing the case, approved the finding of the court and said:
+
+“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon the coolness,
+self-possession, courage and energy displayed by Colonel Porterfield
+at the moment of attack; but he cannot exonerate him from blame
+in not taking proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in
+consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he does not think
+it necessary to do more than to express the opinion of the court, in
+the hope that the sad effects produced by the want of forethought and
+vigilance, exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered
+by the army throughout the war.”
+
+After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction. The available
+Union force was not deemed sufficient to make a further advance
+without too great risk of defeat, which would put in imminent
+jeopardy all the advantage that had been gained. For a month the
+troops lay quietly at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard
+the bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters of
+the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but the companies were
+scattered, some of them, with their guns, doing duty with the bridge
+guards. There were constant rumors of active service ahead and of
+impending attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to have
+any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without any of “war’s
+alarms” of a serious nature.
+
+During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise became a
+prominent factor in Confederate operations in Western Virginia.
+At the head of a considerable force he threatened an attack upon
+Philippi. As the Fourth of July drew near a report came to be
+currently believed that on that day he would attempt to retake the
+place. All arrangements possible for defense were made. Neither
+officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about fortifying, in the
+art of which they became so skilled at a later day, but some rude
+works had been thrown up which promised to be serviceable and “handy”
+in case of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery were
+kept in position where it was thought they might do the most good if
+there came a rebel visitation. A strong and vigilant picket guard was
+maintained to prevent anything in the nature of a surprise.
+
+Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing. Especially
+was this true of the members of the Cleveland Artillery. Much of
+the wretchedly poor, shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam
+had literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags. Some
+of them went around during those warm July days with only drawers
+to cover the nakedness of their nether limbs. They looked more like
+a congregation of beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged
+in the work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the
+“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms of the closest
+intimacy with them. Probably not one in twenty of these innocent
+young men had ever seen one of these things before. Most of them did
+not even know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the wide
+and variegated realm of animated nature. But it did not take them
+long to become extensively acquainted with him.
+
+Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious Fourth” drew near,
+and although the American Eagle seemed to be in a bad way just then,
+it was determined to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether
+or not Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding their
+dilapidated condition the members of the artillery entered into the
+matter with great gusto. The arrangements were made by a committee
+consisting of Colonels Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana,
+Lieutenant Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook, Ninth Ohio,
+Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and others. During the month
+previous the Union forces had been augmented by several additional
+regiments, as designated above.
+
+An elaborate program was made out, which included speeches, music,
+both vocal and instrumental, and, of course, the reading of that
+patriotic but somewhat musty and dusty old document, the Declaration
+of Independence. This always has been, and probably always will be,
+considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July celebration, under
+any and all circumstances, although nobody ever listens to it, or can
+remember, five minutes after a single word of what it contains. In
+casting about for a person who could read this ponderous paper with
+fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee decided upon Warren
+P. Edgarton, then a private of Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery,
+who had won some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly
+detailed for this duty.
+
+Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition of his
+wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of, and half the time was
+running around camp with only a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers.
+He had a fine physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and
+eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was three sizes
+too small, and when he crowded himself into it he looked and felt
+like a woman wearing a tightly laced corset; so that he didn’t put
+it on except on state occasions, when his usual _negligee_ uniform
+would be considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.
+He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too large for even his
+substantial and well-developed feet, in which he would go sloshing
+around camp. At night he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there
+wasn’t room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody out.
+He wore on his head a little cap which, never within an inch of his
+size, had so shrunk and shriveled under the demoralizing influence
+of sun and storm that it only lay upon the top of his head, looking
+not much bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling
+and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of raging patriots and
+read the Declaration of Independence.
+
+Something had to be done to get him into presentable shape for the
+occasion. The honor and credit of the Artillery were at stake.
+It would be an insult to the “Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a
+half-naked tatterdemalion to get up and pronounce the thundering
+sentences of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain Rice and
+others whose pride was stirred began to forage through the town for
+some clothes that would adorn Edgarton’s shapely form and redound
+to the credit of the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was
+found after a long search and the owner consented to loan it for
+the occasion. This was supplemented by broadcloth trousers, a hat
+belonging to one of the officers and a pair of fancy, high-heeled
+boots. The latter one of the boys had brought along from home, with
+a vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting down the
+rebellion. They were not large enough for Edgarton’s feet, but he
+contrived to squeeze into them at the last moment and to endure their
+pinching while he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”
+
+There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy of the
+Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia were not a literary
+folk, and few of them appeared ever to have heard of it. At length a
+copy was found, in a musty law book at the courthouse.
+
+Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he mounted the platform.
+This was followed by general laughter at his unique appearance.
+Such another “makeup” was never seen in the army, before nor since,
+in this or any other country. But he read the Declaration of
+Independence in fine style and was tremendously cheered. Lieutenant
+Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth Ohio, followed with an
+admirable address; the bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic
+songs were sung; and the celebration was a great success. The rebel
+General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered with the
+carrying out of the program.
+
+No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly and satisfactorily
+celebrated than the troops were directed to prepare at once for
+another campaign. On July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi,
+received orders to advance early the following day, occupy Belington,
+fifteen miles southward, and menace the enemy, who was in strong
+position at Laurel Hill, near that place. The movement was made
+promptly, according to the plan. The writer has before him a
+yellow, ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from Philippi.
+It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel Hill,” and announces
+the following order of the procession, the words in brackets being
+supplied for explanatory purposes:
+
+  First Virginia, four companies.
+  Milroy [Ninth Indiana].
+  Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].
+  Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].
+  Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].
+  Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]
+  First Virginia, two companies.
+  Dumont [Seventh Indiana].
+  Headquarters
+  Fulton
+  Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].
+  Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].
+  Ammunition wagons.
+  Band.
+  Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].
+
+It will be observed that both front and rear were well protected
+by artillery. The commanding general prudently sandwiched his
+headquarters in the center of the column. We must also admire the
+tender solicitude for the safety of the band, as shown by its
+position as far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns
+and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.
+
+The march was begun about midnight. The movement was rapid and at
+daylight the skirmishers struck the rebel pickets near Belington.
+A section of the artillery was immediately ordered to the front
+and a few shells were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most
+demoralizing effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported, quickly
+pushed the pickets back to the main line, which was strongly
+fortified. Some of the pickets showed fight at first and there was a
+brisk skirmish, in which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first
+casualty. George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket ball
+in the groin. He received every possible attention and as soon as
+circumstances would permit was sent to the rear. He finally reached
+his home in Cleveland but never fully recovered, dying from the
+effects of his wound, a few years later. He was the first man from
+Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.
+
+When the artillery was ordered to move there was the greatest
+activity in preparing for the impending campaign. The men were
+exceedingly anxious to acquit themselves with credit, and spared no
+pains to make the battery as effective as possible. The ammunition
+was carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were polished
+until they shone like mirrors. The men were “hard up” for clothing,
+the supply having been exceedingly limited—scanty in quantity and
+poor in quality. Every effort had been made to procure better
+supplies but without success. The state authorities and the United
+States government appeared to be about equally neglectful of the
+needs of the soldiers. Rations were generally good and sufficient,
+and there was little cause for complaint on that score.
+
+Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with excellent effect.
+The years of instruction and drill at home proved a most valuable
+school. The skill of the gunners in training their pieces and timing
+shells was such as to win for them the warmest commendations. The
+members of the infantry regiment formed a strong attachment for the
+artillerymen. They had an abiding faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s
+cannon, and when engaged in any movement seemed to be doubly
+confident if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.
+
+The order from General McClellan to General Morris was to avoid
+delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible, but to firmly press the
+enemy at all points and hold him in his works, until the co-operating
+column under General Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and
+rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain and after a hot
+fight completely routed them, capturing many prisoners and a large
+quantity of material of war. The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain
+and the prompt advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel
+position at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned it in great
+haste.
+
+During the few days that the troops under General Morris lay at
+Belington there was constant skirmishing with the enemy. Day and
+night all were kept on the alert, and the whistle of bullets began
+to be a familiar sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were
+advantageously posted and were brought into occasional use. The men
+were constantly at their posts. Now and then a shell or a solid shot
+would be sent over to the rebels, just to let them know that the
+“Yankees” were still there and wide awake. In an official report
+dated “Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General
+Morris says:
+
+“The instructions of the commanding general will be carried out,
+although it is difficult to restrain our men from advancing. I hardly
+know in what terms to convey to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness
+under such fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our
+arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond all
+question, if proof were needed, that they can be relied upon in any
+emergency. The regiments in advance are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana,
+Barnett’s Artillery, Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh
+Indiana, all of which deserve special mention.”
+
+On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington and Laurel
+Hill during the day and night previous, General Morris moved in
+pursuit. The following is an extract from a report made by him dated
+“Carrick’s Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:
+
+“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the forces of my
+command in pursuit of the enemy retreating from Laurel Hill. The
+pursuit was continued through the day in the same order as stated
+in my report of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio
+in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery, next Dumont’s
+Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana. These regiments started
+in pursuit from our resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock
+in the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the march by 5
+o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced about 6 o’clock, which by
+9 became quite heavy. The enemy left the main turnpike and turned
+towards Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain
+over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy rain the roads were
+rendered very difficult for the men and the few wagons of ammunition
+and provisions. By 11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and
+so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains becoming
+almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the whole command was up in the
+position we now occupy.
+
+“The attention of the commanding general is particularly called to
+the gallant bearing of the infantry and artillery which led the
+advance. I would also call attention to the fact that the entire
+command commenced the pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time
+to prepare even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered four
+wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to follow the command.
+These four wagons, with the little additional rations put in with the
+ammunition, are all the provisions the command has had since leaving
+Belington, except some beeves procured in this vicinity.
+
+“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty miles. When it
+is considered that we have put to flight a force equal to our own,
+and have pursued the rebels night and day for thirty hours, almost
+without provisions, over a mountainous and difficult road, and part
+of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel sure that our
+cause must be successfully maintained by men who show such gallant
+bearing and soldierly endurance.”
+
+Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford,
+which resulted in the utter defeat and rout of the rebels. Their
+commander, General Garnett, was among the killed. The story of this
+important engagement cannot be more concisely told than by giving
+almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham, who was in
+immediate command of the Union force. The report was made to General
+Morris:
+
+“In accordance with your directions, I this morning took command
+of the advance guard of your column, consisting of the Fourteenth
+Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with one section of Barnett’s Artillery,
+the Seventh Indiana, Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel
+Milroy, in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed, I
+started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to pursue the army
+of General Garnett, which, consisting, as we learned, of 4,000 to
+5,000 men and four to six cannon, had retreated from the north side
+of Laurel mountain near Belington the day before yesterday. It being
+ascertained that the enemy had retired toward the village of New
+Interest and thence, as was supposed, over a mountain road leading to
+the Shafer Fork, or main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George.
+The troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so as to
+reach the entrance of the mountain road—about seven miles march—at 6
+o’clock. A short distance after entering this path the passage was
+found to be obstructed by large trees, recently felled, in about
+twelve to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or
+four miles. Information was from time to time received that this
+force, which had some fifteen hours the start of us from Belington,
+was now only four to five miles in advance. This encouraged our
+efforts, and though for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in
+torrents and the clayey roads were in many places almost impassable,
+the spirit of the troops, without exception, as it came under my eye,
+was such as to bear them most rapidly onward under all these trials,
+super-added to that of hunger, with which the greater part of them
+had suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.
+
+At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the Shafer
+Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having within the previous two
+or three miles fired at and driven in several pickets of the enemy
+protecting those who were forming the barricades, and at one place
+we broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked. At the ford
+near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance to another ford, which
+we afterward met with one mile farther on, we saw the baggage train
+of the enemy, apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon
+as strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion, with
+Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless firing of a musket at our
+ford set the train rapidly in motion, and long lines of infantry were
+formed in order of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however,
+the arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,
+enabled the command to push forward in its original order, but the
+train and its guard had retired, leaving only a few skirmishers to
+meet us at the second ford, where, however, quite a rapid firing was
+kept up by the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for
+some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent woods of the enemy.
+
+“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and as we
+approached it we came upon the enemy’s train, the last half of it
+just crossing, in the river. The enemy was found to have taken a
+strong position, with his infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous
+bank fifty to eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the
+river, while our own position was upon the low land, nearly level
+with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance, opened fire most
+gallantly upon them, which was immediately returned by their strong
+force of infantry and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery
+was ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.
+
+As I soon perceived a position by which their left could be turned,
+six companies of Colonel Dumont’s regiment were ordered to cross
+the river about three hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill
+obliquely from our right to their left, and take them in rear. Owing
+to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of the order, this
+command crossed about double the distance intended and turned at
+first to their right, which delayed the effect of the movement. After
+some fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and, the
+hill being reported as impracticable, this command, now increased to
+the entire regiment, was ordered down to the ford, there to take the
+enemy directly in front at the road.
+
+“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s, now well up
+and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges from Barnett’s
+artillery during this movement, decided the action at once. As Dumont
+reached the road, having passed along and under their whole front,
+the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion. Dumont’s
+regiment pursued them for about one mile farther, having brisk
+skirmishing with their rear for the first half of that distance,
+during which General Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have
+been followed up most closely, and probably to the capture of a large
+portion of their scattered army, but this was absolutely impossible
+with our fatigued and exhausted troops, who had already marched
+eighteen miles or more, in an almost incessant, violent rain, the
+greater part of them without food since the evening and a portion of
+them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had been the pursuit
+of the enemy on their hasty retreat from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six
+miles distant. The troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest
+at about 2 p. m.
+
+“The result of the action proves to be the capture of about forty
+loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all the enemy’s baggage train,
+as we learn, and including a large portion of new clothing, camp
+equipage and other stores; their headquarter papers and military
+chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece of
+artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S. Garnett, is
+killed, his body being now cared for by us, and fifteen or twenty
+more of the enemy are killed and nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our
+own loss is two killed and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.
+
+“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state that just as
+the action was closing, the head regiment of the body of troops under
+yourself, though starting as I learn three hours later, the Sixth
+Indiana, under Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent
+order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the battle.
+
+“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett, Steadman,
+Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance of their officers and
+men in their long and arduous march, suffering from hunger, rain and
+cold, with their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all
+praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate and reward
+their services.”
+
+This was the most important victory that had yet been achieved
+by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that very small figures
+expressed the losses on either side, but loyal people everywhere
+were anxiously watching for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s
+Ford threw the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.
+The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to the skies—and
+it may fairly be said that they deserved it. The members of the Ohio
+artillery, with whom this chronicle has particularly to do, had added
+fresh laurels to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the
+people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in which the
+world looks upon the Six Hundred who made the historic charge at
+Balaklava. So conspicuous were their services and so gallant their
+bearing that they were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy
+at Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’ service they
+took this trophy back with them to Cleveland. It was placed in the
+Public Square, where it remaineth unto this day, with an inscription
+upon it that he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,
+was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A geographical student
+would be impressed with the fact that unless the people of Cleveland
+could fight better than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many
+cannon in that or any other war. The inscription, which was put on
+by somebody who was not within three hundred miles of the battle,
+informed the wayfarer that the gun was captured at “Corricke’s
+Forde.” The atrocious orthography greeted the public eye for nearly
+twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction of the
+old survivors of the artillery.
+
+The writer has before him the official reports of a number of
+Confederate officers who participated in the action at Carrick’s
+Ford. Naturally they magnify the Union force and losses, and in a
+measure that is ridiculous. They place the Union strength at from ten
+to fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of that number. The
+“Yankees” are estimated to have had on their hands after this action
+material for one hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional
+loss of from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered that
+General Benham, in his official report to General Morris, states that
+the Union loss was “two killed and six or seven wounded.”
+
+It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown at that time
+by officers and others on the Union side in communicating with the
+rebels. There was an evident desire to avoid the slightest word
+that would appear to be a recognition of any official authority,
+civil or military, among the insurgents. It was considered that if
+a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it was a virtual
+recognition of the power that conferred such rank upon him. So, on
+July 15, General McClellan addressed a communication “To the Officer
+Commanding the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett, Esq.,
+styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate States Army.”
+
+The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the Cleveland
+Artillery in the three months’ service. The command moved back
+to Belington and the artillery was ordered to report to General
+McClellan, who had planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after
+the rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel Barnett and
+his men for their valuable services in the campaign under General
+Morris, and expressed an earnest wish that they might accompany him
+up the Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even been
+mustered into the United States service, and the three months for
+which they were called out had expired. But, pursuant to orders,
+Colonel Barnett reported with his command to McClellan at Beverly,
+where the General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany
+his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness to
+do so. A few days later, before McClellan was ready for the Kanawha
+campaign, came the first real battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in
+Virginia, which resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell
+and brought to the people of the North an actual realization of the
+fact that they had a war on their hands. In the wild excitement that
+followed this battle General McClellan was summoned to Washington to
+take command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for further
+offensive operations in Western Virginia were for the time abandoned.
+
+A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of artillery were
+ordered to be discharged and started at once for Columbus. It should
+be stated here, to their credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had
+done all in their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing
+of the command during its service in the field. It has already been
+said that the men were but poorly supplied with clothing by the
+state and national governments, for which apparent neglect there was
+much good reason. The three months’ men were called out suddenly and
+pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency. Their
+services and sacrifices were of inestimable value to the country.
+They secured a permanent lodgment at many points beyond the border,
+and held the enemy at bay while the government was getting ready for
+the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of Sumter found the
+nation totally unprepared for such a crisis, and it is not a matter
+of wonder that the early volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism,
+responded so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided
+for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and twice Mr.
+David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen with quantities of
+clothing, food and delicacies for the sick. But for this most highly
+appreciated kindness the boys in the field would have had scarcely so
+much as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there wasn’t
+much “uniform” about the garments and they were a grotesque appearing
+lot of men for soldiers, but it gave them a comparative degree of
+comfort and they “got there just the same” as if they had been
+arrayed in all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the
+greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully and well
+and bore without complaint the discomforts and privations inseparable
+from a campaign in such a country and under such circumstances.
+
+In due time, with little delay _en route_, the artillery reached
+Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and ragged volunteers, fresh
+from fields of glory, were welcomed with great enthusiasm at the
+state capital. They had done well their part and their fame had gone
+before them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked upon as
+the saviors of their country and people of every grade and rank were
+proud to do them honor.
+
+It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry to get home,
+and the formalities necessary to their release were hurried as fast
+as possible. The officers and men were paraded for muster and were
+mustered in and out of the United States service at the same time.
+Then all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not, it is
+true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence. Less than fifty
+dollars apiece didn’t look very large for more than three months
+of such toil, hardship and danger, but for the time, with the gold
+chinking in his pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their
+financial condition was in marked contrast to the state of chronic
+insolvency in which they had been so long, for they had had no funds
+with which to patronize the sutler except such as was sent them at
+irregular intervals by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten
+dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt and loans
+were negotiated with a rapidity that soon exhausted his wealth. As a
+general thing when a man got any money it was quickly absorbed by the
+liquidation of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster at
+Columbus there was a universal squaring of accounts.
+
+The horses and other property belonging to the state were turned
+over to the authorities, and the “regiment” was soon ready to start
+for Cleveland. The men had been permitted to bring with them from
+Western Virginia (as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous
+services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s Ford, and
+four long-eared mules which the rebels had used as the propelling
+power of the cannon in their migratory wanderings. These trophies
+were guarded with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as
+they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects of the greatest
+curiosity and interest. War, right at home, was then a new thing to
+the people of the country and anything of this nature was regarded as
+a nine-days’ wonder.
+
+While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel Barnett from
+Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring at what time the artillery
+would arrive in Cleveland. The friends of the warriors as well as
+the citizens generally desired to know in order that they might give
+them a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered as soon as
+the time of departure could be definitely fixed. At length all things
+were ready, and after midnight of July 28th the happy artillerymen,
+with their trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How the
+boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out” of the depot and
+sped away toward “home, sweet home!” In fact they didn’t do much but
+yell all the way to Cleveland. Their coming had been heralded along
+the route and at every station crowds of people greeted them in the
+most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have charged dime museum
+price for looking at the gun and mules from rebeldom they would have
+made their fortunes.
+
+Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in Cleveland to
+welcome the returning volunteers with open arms. They were expected
+to arrive during the forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude
+of people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was something
+like the crowd that, more than three months before, had assembled to
+bid them farewell and God speed. Shortly before the arrival of the
+train the city militia and the fire department marched down Champlain
+street and formed in line near the railroad.
+
+At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew up to the
+point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now known as South
+Water—street a mighty volume of cheers went up from the assembled
+multitude—cheers for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers,
+and cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had captured from
+the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from the cars they were clasped
+in the arms of loved ones, who wept tears of joy at the safe return
+of sons and brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and effusive
+greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst constant cheering and
+the music of brass bands. It was a glorious reception, creditable
+alike to the people of Cleveland and to those who so well merited the
+demonstration.
+
+After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were over the returned
+soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous object in the column
+being the rebel 6-pounder, to which were attached the mules lately in
+the Confederate service. Two of the soldiers served in the capacity
+of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal of one of the teams.
+The novel outfit was prodigiously cheered along the entire line of
+march.
+
+Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department and an
+immense throng of people, the “veterans” marched up Superior street
+to the Public Square, General A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The
+whole street was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles
+of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips. The windows
+and balconies were filled with ladies, who waved their handkerchiefs
+in kindly welcome and clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers
+come back from the borders” went tramping by. Company D, Captain P.
+W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at Philippi which was loudly
+cheered—not because it was an emblem of treason but because it was
+captured by Cleveland volunteers.
+
+Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a hollow square,
+surrounded by thousands of people, and were addressed as follows by
+Judge Samuel Starkweather, who had been chosen to extend a formal
+welcome home:
+
+  To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant and noble
+  commander.
+
+I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid you a cordial
+welcome upon your return, and to tell you that Cleveland fully
+appreciates the value of your services and feels herself honored by
+your achievements. She feels that some portion of the glory which has
+fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery rests also upon
+herself.
+
+Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and have not dared to
+show their faces. The Cleveland and Geneva artillery were among the
+first to answer the call of the government to put down rebellion;
+and when it was sought to destroy the banner of our country, you,
+gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field to fight for
+its rescue, and you did not return from that field until you saw that
+beautiful banner floating from every Virginia hilltop.
+
+We have not been ignorant of the trials through which you have
+passed, and we have admired the firmness with which you overcame all
+obstacles that presented themselves to you and incumbered your path,
+whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger or fatigue.
+
+We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels heard of you, too,
+and with even more lasting impressions. We have heard of you also
+at Laurel Hill and Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have
+not heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of humanity
+on your part toward a conquered foe. This has shown that you are
+actuated by the same motives which have prompted our whole people. It
+is not the object of this contest to interfere with the institutions
+of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve the
+banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a stripe defaced. It is
+to enforce laws to which we all owe our safety, our protection and
+our happiness, and I know I speak your sentiments when I say that
+whoever takes a part in this contest from other motives is unworthy
+the name of a patriot.
+
+There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting the eyes of
+the whole civilized world, and I am proud to say that the members of
+this company have well played their part therein; and when the last
+scene is ended no name will more adorn the history of these events
+than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements will rank
+higher than those in which its members, our own gallant soldiers,
+bore so conspicuous a part.
+
+Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be pardoned for
+drawing a long bow, but candor compels the admission that when the
+boys came home the “beautiful banner” was not, strictly speaking,
+“floating from every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few
+hill-tops left over which the star spangled flag was not floating,
+nor did it float till some years later.
+
+At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which greeted the
+Judge’s address, showing how clearly the feelings of the people were
+in harmony with the sentiments he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the
+following brief reply:
+
+  Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as for myself, to
+  thank you, and through you the citizens of Cleveland, for this
+  greeting, which was wholly unexpected by us. I have no words to
+  express the gratitude of our hearts toward our fellow citizens.
+  We have the satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner
+  in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty; and so
+  we return to you with a consciousness that we are not entirely
+  unworthy the confidence which we know you have placed in us.
+
+There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel Barnett bowed and
+retired, and the band struck up “The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises
+over, the companies were variously taken care of and the crowd slowly
+dispersed. A committee of German citizens took charge of Company E,
+Captain Heckman, and Company B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to
+Haltnorth’s, where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and
+liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the Weddell House,
+where a sumptuous dinner was served them in fine style. It made up in
+some degree for the many times during the previous three months when
+they had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”
+
+Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain Pelton, were
+banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn Village, a committee of fifteen
+ladies doing the honors of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F,
+Captain Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were right
+royally welcomed.
+
+The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers of the time will
+be of interest in this connection:
+
+
+  [_Leader_, July 30, 1861.]
+
+  The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent condition
+  physically, although they are as brown as berries from exposure.
+
+  Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned from the campaign in
+  Western Virginia were three members of Alert Hose Company—William
+  Kidd, foreman; Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private E.
+  S. Ransom. Of course, the social and genial Alerts could not let
+  them return without a welcome, so last night a merry party of
+  Alerts and a few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of
+  the hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.
+  Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the hose-carriage was
+  illuminated and the company escorted the returned members to their
+  homes, the blaze of innumerable roman candles lighting their way up
+  Superior street.
+
+
+  [_Plain Dealer_, July 30, 1861.]
+
+  The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day. If you find
+  a knot of men collected on a corner, the bronzed countenance of
+  a member of the artillery is in the center and he is relating to
+  the gaping crowd his exploits and adventures among the rebels
+  in Western Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of
+  incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may be rehearsed
+  to wondering grandchildren. They have come home after nobly
+  discharging their duty and meet with the warm admiration and
+  approval which they have so richly merited. All honor to the brave
+  artillerymen.
+
+At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on the evening
+of July 30th, the following preamble and resolutions, offered by
+Councilman T. N. Bond, were adopted with great enthusiasm:
+
+  _Whereas_, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the Cleveland
+  Artillery, embracing four companies from the city, one from
+  Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under the command of Colonel James
+  Barnett, left their homes and business on the 22d day of April,
+  1861, on a day’s notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the
+  Government as might be required of them, and
+
+  _Whereas_, After gaining the confidence and approbation of the
+  people on our southeastern border, by their fine conduct both as
+  soldiers and citizens, they rendered most important services to
+  the country in the campaigns in Western Virginia, distinguishing
+  themselves for activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious
+  night marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and
+  Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than three
+  months’ absence, with trophies of their victories and the
+  well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens; therefore be it
+
+  _Resolved_, That in addition to the public and spontaneous welcome
+  already given them at their reception yesterday, the mayor and city
+  council of the city, and in behalf of the city, hereby officially
+  record their high appreciation of the honor the Cleveland Artillery
+  and its noble commander have reflected upon the city whose name
+  they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and energy and
+  their skill and bravery in the field have won for them unfading
+  honor; and that especially to Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and
+  judgment, his manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes,
+  our thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.
+
+  _Resolved_, That copies of the foregoing preamble and resolutions
+  be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented to Colonel Barnett and
+  to the several companies under his command.
+
+These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett by Mayor
+Flint—long an active and zealous member of the Cleveland
+Artillery—with the following letter:
+
+  Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,
+  August 4, 1861.
+
+  Colonel James Barnett.
+
+  Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the executive officer
+  of the city of Cleveland, in presenting to you, and through you to
+  the different companies under your command, the resolutions of the
+  City Council of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable
+  services rendered the country in your recent campaign in Virginia.
+
+  As a member of the earliest organization of artillery in this city,
+  and from which simple detailed “squad” of the Cleveland Grays has
+  grown your complete and valuable command, I take increased pleasure
+  in presenting to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my
+  own feelings regarding your action for the past three months.
+
+  Respectfully yours,
+  E. S. FLINT, Mayor.
+
+The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland _Leader_ of July
+30th, 1862:
+
+  “When the proclamation of the President called for seventy-five
+  thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work of furnishing her quota.
+  The Cleveland Artillery was the only organized body of the kind in
+  the state, the artillery in other places being only single sections
+  or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the four sections
+  which were organized in this city. He immediately took steps to
+  go into service with his command, and as soon as the necessary
+  arrangements could be made he reported himself ready for orders.
+  He was sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from
+  threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into Virginia
+  upon short notice. Since that time, without ever having been
+  mustered into either State or United States service, he has led his
+  brave boys through the campaign in Western Virginia, where they
+  have performed prodigies of marching and have fought a good fight
+  when the enemy has given them the chance. Colonel Barnett left his
+  business here to go to war and has labored unceasingly for the good
+  of his men and the discomfiture of the rebels. His services were
+  fully appreciated by General McClellan, who tendered him a very
+  complimentary invitation to accompany him to the Kanawha Valley.
+  Colonel Barnett intends, we understand, to raise a full artillery
+  regiment and go in for the war. We wish him all success and trust
+  his services will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”
+
+Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were scoffed at for
+playing soldier in time of peace, by their timely military training,
+were ready to, and did almost at a day’s notice respond to the call
+of their country and served it well. The artillery piece captured
+at Carrick’s Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over to the
+state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to Cleveland. Said
+Quartermaster General Wood, who then had charge of the arms of the
+state, to Colonel Barnett: “I think no objection will be raised if
+you take the gun to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you
+can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen on the Public
+Square, in its way a monument to the valor and heroism of the old
+artillerymen of Cleveland.
+
+With this elaborate and protracted welcome home, which would appear
+to have been most satisfactory to all concerned, in both its
+fullness and its cordiality, closes the honorable record of the
+Cleveland Artillery in the “three months’ service.” Henceforward
+we follow the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,
+through its four years of brilliant service in the field.
+
+
+INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.
+
+But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First Cleveland
+Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its strength. It continued
+to take root, expand and blossom. Privates Joseph C. Shields and
+Frank Wilson, of Captain Rice’s battery, after their three months’
+service in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as
+they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic impulse,
+soon organized an independent artillery battery, which was mustered
+into service Sept. 10, 1862. It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and
+was called the Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light
+Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at the end of two
+years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who had been first lieutenant of
+the company, became its captain. The battery was in the siege of
+Knoxville, in the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,
+Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great struggle.
+The men were mustered out June 27, 1865, at the close of the war.
+
+In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon B. Smith, who
+afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga County, and now each year meets
+with the “old association,” gladdening the occasion with spirit and
+song.
+
+There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant James
+W. Grimshaw—who may properly be mentioned in this connection.
+When Fort Sumter fell there was great excitement in Cleveland, as
+there was all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and
+public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies on the
+Public Square in Cleveland, a man was imprudent enough to call out
+“Hurrah for the South!” Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately
+shouted, “I say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words passed
+between the two men and a rough and tumble followed in which the
+rebel sympathizers got much the worst of the fight. Thus the civil
+war began in Cleveland! Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,
+was elected to the city council and died some years since, greatly
+respected. Another of those who received a military schooling in
+the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, under Colonel
+Barnett, was Corporal Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields
+and Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited him
+to further military service. He organized and became captain of
+the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, which went
+into service Oct. 29, 1862, for a term of three years. The battery
+was in the siege at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton
+and Chickamauga in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,
+Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.
+
+
+BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.
+
+Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to place in the field
+a full regiment of artillery. The chief centers of population in
+the state readily responded to the call and twelve companies were
+soon organized, numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding
+seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a fair-sized
+army in itself, was sought by several men of military distinction.
+Quartermaster General Wood of the governor’s staff, who for so many
+years had been associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland
+Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position. Sept.
+3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his commission. But not only was
+Colonel Barnett of Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new
+regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,
+but three of his associates in this early school of artillery
+training were given commissions of command next to him.
+
+Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel, while Walter E.
+Lawrence and Seymour Race became majors. To have four of the chief
+officers of this regiment all from Cleveland and all of the old
+Cleveland artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who had
+cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to the front were
+destined to be disappointed. An order came from Washington directing
+the several batteries to report, some at one point and some at
+another, where their services were deemed most needed. Thus the
+companies were separated and the chief field officers were shorn of
+active command.
+
+Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position. He was
+made chief of artillery on the staff of General W. S. Rosecrans,
+one of the best fighting generals in the Union army; was with him
+in battle and all the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward
+was made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third division
+of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel Sickles, where he
+did valiant service until worn out by hard work, April 1, 1863,
+under advice of army physicians he was compelled to resign. Later,
+however, recovering something of his health, he was made colonel of
+the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Major
+Lawrence became a colonel, served with distinction and died in the
+service. Major W. F. Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who
+meets with the “old artillery association” each year, was one of the
+best of the many good fighting men who belonged to General Barnett’s
+regiment. He was mustered into the service as a private, became a
+lieutenant, then a captain and came out at the end of the war a major.
+
+Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served two years in the war.
+
+Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received his military
+training in the old artillery school. He was commissioned second
+lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards
+promoted to first lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His
+company distinguished itself in several important battles and took
+part in others of lesser note.
+
+
+“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.
+
+Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead, few will be
+better remembered than “Commissary” Harry Bingham, a man of small
+stature, full of life and fun. It may be said that for some years
+he contributed largely to the life of his military comrades. At the
+beginning of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon joined the
+military service. He became a lieutenant and served with credit.
+Finally, however, the hardships of war were greater than he could
+bear. For a time he lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to
+Cleveland, where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert him
+even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a smile, to a lady who
+called upon him during his last sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He
+lies buried in Woodland cemetery. Who of his old military comrades
+will not drop a tear to his memory?
+
+Many others of the old guard, some living and some dead, deserve well
+to be mentioned in this connection.
+
+The history of the association itself may be told in a few lines.
+At the close of the civil war, when regiments and various commands
+in the war were forming associations and holding reunions, the wife
+of Captain Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun
+squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years of age,
+one day suggested to her husband the propriety of Cleveland’s old
+artillerymen having a reunion. The thought was conveyed to General
+Barnett, Colonel Hayward and others, who were pleased with the idea
+and on the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad then
+living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at the Kennard House,
+formed an association of which General Wood was made president and
+then and there had their first banquet. General Wood was continued
+president of the association ten years, until his death May 2, 1881,
+when General Barnett succeeded him. The general has been president
+ever since, some twenty-three years. At the first meeting of the
+association held after General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a
+high tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said: “Since
+our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander of the old Grey gun
+squad, captain of the First artillery company in Cleveland and
+president of our association since its first organization, has passed
+away. It was he who first introduced into the then West, forty-two
+years ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system. We can
+say of our old comrade that he was an honest man. He had a bluff,
+outspoken way, but a warm, generous heart. His pride was with his
+old artillery associates. His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid
+him away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his memory and
+our recollections are of a competent soldier, a patriotic man and
+good citizen.” General Wood was born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug.
+14, 1847, and died May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his
+brother-in-law, the Hon. O. J. Hodge.
+
+Thirty-four years have now passed since the first meeting of the
+association and each year since it has had its social gathering, and
+each Decoration day the members have strewn with flowers the graves
+of their departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be held
+many years longer. The whitened locks of these men point to a day in
+the near future when the members of the association will hold their
+last banquet, when there will be no member left to decorate the
+graves of the departed, but around their memory long will cluster
+recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship, and those now
+upon life’s stage, and those yet to come, with pride will study their
+history and place upon their graves flowers, emblematic of love and
+veneration.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+
+The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery
+(3 months) at their home as before related practically closed the
+military career of that command; however, a large number of the
+men enlisted in other commands, notably into the First Ohio Light
+Artillery (3 years) the term being for three years or during the
+war. It was soon found that through the emergency of affairs at the
+opening of trouble and the improper muster in and muster out as state
+troops that the men had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army
+of the United States. This error was called to the attention of Hon.
+Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress, who made many earnest
+attempts to rectify the mistake through the Honorable Secretary
+of War; those efforts were however unsuccessful, it being decided
+as the muster roll showed that they were state troops, so the
+matter ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was elected
+to Congress. Upon representation of the case to Mr. Burton he was
+at once impressed with the fact that fairness and justice to the
+command required action of Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill
+substantially the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and
+given herewith as well as the report of the Military Committee of
+which General Dick was chairman.
+
+The command was very fortunate in having in Congress two such good
+friends as Mr. Burton and Gen. Dick, men who have looked so closely
+and faithfully that justice might be obtained. The members of the
+First Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a debt of
+gratitude which they can never pay but which is not forgotten.
+
+
+
+
+FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.
+
+May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House and
+ordered to be printed.
+
+Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted the
+following
+
+
+REPORT.
+
+[To accompany H. R. 619.]
+
+  The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported the bill
+  (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition of the military services
+  of the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio
+  Volunteer Light Artillery, report the same back to the House with
+  the recommendation that it do pass with the following amendment:
+
+  Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2, of the
+  bill, the following: “_Provided_, That no pay, bounty, or other
+  emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of
+  this act.”
+
+  A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported
+  favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs of the Fifty-fourth,
+  Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses, which bill, with the
+  accompanying reports, are hereby adopted and made a part of this
+  report.
+
+  It appears that this regiment was the first body of artillery to
+  engage in the service of the United States in the late civil war.
+  They were hastened to the front on the 21st of April, 1861, and
+  rendered valuable service in the campaign in West Virginia. By an
+  omission, due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,
+  they were never formally mustered into the service by any military
+  officer of the United States. On or about the 30th of May, 1861,
+  while the command was being embarked at Marietta, Ohio, a United
+  States officer reported to muster them into the service, but the
+  commanding officer, General Barnett, stated to him that as his
+  orders were imperative to move with the least possible delay, he
+  could not wait the formality of a muster. They served until the
+  27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be no sufficient
+  reason why their services should not be recognized and the officers
+  and men considered to have been in the military service of the
+  United States.
+
+Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett, with
+exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington for more
+complete history of their service and the reasons why they were not
+formally mustered.
+
+  STATE OF OHIO, _Cuyahoga County, ss_:
+
+  James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as follows: That
+  for some time before the 20th of April, 1861, and at that date I
+  was the commanding officer of what was known as the First Ohio
+  Light Artillery, organized under the laws of the State as then
+  existing as a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th
+  of April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty, and
+  immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of April, 1861, left
+  Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the command was on duty until
+  May 29 of the same year, upon which date a portion of the command
+  moved into Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining
+  portion of the command went by boat to Benwood and thence to
+  Grafton, Va., from which time until the date of their muster out
+  they actively participated in the campaign in Western Virginia.
+
+  On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command was being
+  embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to muster the command
+  into the service of the United States. This officer, if I am
+  correct in my recollection, was Colonel Sill. I am not very
+  positive as to the name of the officer, but it was either Colonel
+  Sill or Captain Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the
+  purpose of mustering my command. We were at the time busily
+  embarking. A portion of the command had already been sent down the
+  river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the officer that it would be
+  impossible to get the men together for muster, and that our orders
+  were imperative to move with the least possible delay, so it was
+  concluded to defer the muster until some proper time after we had
+  got into Virginia. The command went through the campaign without
+  muster, and soon after the expiration of their term of service
+  were ordered back to Ohio for muster out by orders from the War
+  Department. Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered in
+  and mustered out upon the same day, dating back their muster into
+  the date of taking the field. This muster was made by George S.
+  Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio, mustering officer. The
+  muster rolls were changed from the printed forms, erasing the
+  words “United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”
+
+  I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this affidavit, a
+  sketch regarding the movements of the command, which consisted of
+  about 120 men, and is a correct statement of its movements. This
+  sketch embraces pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio
+  troops, known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the State.
+
+  It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the
+  Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison, of
+  Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon page 713 of said
+  record, that the command was recognized by the War Department and
+  under its orders during its service in Virginia.
+
+  The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding the
+  troops in western Virginia, set forth on page 712 of said record,
+  and others, were received by me and executed by me as the
+  commanding officer therein referred to.
+
+  I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which contain the
+  muster roll of the batteries constituting said command.
+
+  JAMES BARNETT.
+
+  Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and by him sworn to
+  before me this 9th day of February, A. D. 1895.
+
+  [SEAL.]      M. P. MOONEY,
+
+  _Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O._
+
+
+EXHIBIT A.
+
+FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.
+
+[Three months’ service.]
+
+Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following telegram was
+wired to Colonel Barnett:
+
+  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 20, 1861_.
+
+  COL. JAMES BARNETT, _Cleveland, Ohio_:
+
+  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday if possible. You can
+  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring
+  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+  colonel rank.
+
+  By order:      H. B. CARRINGTON, _Adjutant-General_.
+
+The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four of the batteries
+were from the city of Cleveland, the other two being from Brooklyn
+and Geneva) as though borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday
+morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains of the
+companies:
+
+  You will report your command of twenty men, ready to march to
+  Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at the public square. You
+  will have your piece, caissons and harness complete, at the depot
+  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten
+  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the
+  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior
+  officers.
+
+  By order adjutant-general of Ohio:
+  JAMES BARNETT, _Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery_.
+
+  S. B. STURGES, _Lieutenant-Colonel_.
+
+Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn and Geneva
+companies.
+
+Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel Barnett, as
+follows:
+
+  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 21, 1861_.
+
+  COL. JAMES BARNETT:
+
+  Can you bring your command here to-night instead of waiting till
+  tomorrow? If so, come armed.
+
+  WILLIAM DENNISON, _Governor_.
+
+It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment on Sunday in
+time to get away on that day. The governor was informed by telegraph
+that it would leave early Monday morning. The two outside companies
+responded promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left Cleveland
+for Columbus, at which place it was ordered to Marietta via Loveland.
+Marietta was reached next morning, when it went into camp on the fair
+ground placing the guns in position to guard the city against any
+invasion of the enemy.
+
+About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain O. M. Poe, of
+the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the regiment, with a view to its
+being ready for service at a moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased
+with the command and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing
+of its members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage were
+received, all of which were heartily welcomed. Colonel Barnett also
+received a telegram from Columbus to purchase seventy-six horses for
+his battery upon the best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having
+been placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the credit
+of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were to be paid for.
+
+On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following telegram
+from General McClellan at Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of your
+batteries and report to me when ready for service.” Within two days
+the required number of horses were purchased and all hands were busy
+breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness and arranging to
+move on a moment’s notice. The artillery was re-enforced by the
+arrival of the 14th O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O.
+V. I. on the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.
+
+On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch to Colonel
+Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel Steadman, you will supply
+him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”
+
+On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command of Lieut.-Colonel
+Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta, by boat, for Parkersburg, W.
+Va., with orders to report to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They
+moved rapidly along the line of the B. & O. Railroad, repairing
+bridges destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had arrived
+at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg. The rebels retreated
+from Clarksburg to Philippi. From Clarksburg they moved to Webster,
+and after a tedious night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a.
+m., making short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery
+frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of their
+officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and war materials
+behind them. (This was the first Light artillery fired by the
+national forces in the war of the rebellion. In this engagement only
+a few men were wounded.)
+
+On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam with Colonel
+Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting to General Morris, who
+ordered Colonel Barnett to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched
+to Philippi, arriving too late to take part in that engagement.
+During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light Artillery was
+at Philippi. The companies, however, were scattered; some with their
+guns did duty as bridge guards.
+
+July 6th orders were received by General Morris to advance early
+the following day, occupy Belington, and menace the enemy, who were
+holding a strong position at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers
+struck the rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered
+to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing
+effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery suffered its first
+casualty—George W. Tillotson, of Company D, was wounded in the groin
+by a musket ball, from the effect of which he died a few years later.
+
+July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and Laurel Hill,
+being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s Ford, where the 1st
+Artillery opened fire on the enemy (who were holding a position on a
+high bank on the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect.
+The enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert S.
+Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled piece was captured
+and presented to the artillery, and this trophy is now in the public
+square in the city of Cleveland.
+
+Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved back to
+Belington, and remained there until ordered to Columbus to be
+mustered out. Up to this time, like the nine regiments of infantry,
+it was serving as a State organization, and while all other Ohio
+three-months troops were mustered out by United States officers
+and recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for some
+reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s staff and is
+recognized by the War Department as only a _State organization_. The
+following letter, however, will show that it was the intention of the
+General Government to place this regiment of artillery on the same
+footing as other Ohio organizations that did service at the same time
+in West Virginia.
+
+  WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE,
+  _Washington, July 27, 1861_.
+
+  SIR: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and Colonel Barnett’s
+  artillery of six guns and one hundred and twenty men, which have
+  been serving in West Virginia, will be sent back to Ohio, to be
+  there mustered out of the service. They, or such of them as may
+  be presented by you, will there be accepted and mustered into the
+  United States service for three years as regiments, companies of
+  cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The two sections of artillery
+  from Ohio (other than Barnett’s Battery) and the two companies of
+  cavalry from the State, all of which have been serving in Virginia,
+  will also be sent home at the expiration of their three months’
+  service, to be there mustered out. They, or such of them as may
+  be presented by you, will then be accepted as specified for three
+  years, and will be mustered into the service of the United States
+  for that period. The same will be done in regard to the battery of
+  artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp Chase.
+
+  In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to be mustered
+  out of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented by
+  you, will there be accepted for three years and sworn into the
+  service for that period as regiments, companies of cavalry, and
+  batteries of artillery.
+
+  I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
+  L. THOMAS, _Adjutant-General_.
+
+  His Excellency Governor DENNISON, _Columbus, Ohio_.
+
+
+This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, July
+27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio,
+mustering officer.
+
+
+  _Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired), late
+  colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry. Brigadier-general
+  United States Volunteers, adjutant-general of Ohio before and at
+  commencement of the war of 1861-1865._
+
+  In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,
+  “The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”
+
+The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization at the
+outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the delay in properly
+adjusting the record of this pioneer artillery corps of the United
+States volunteer service.
+
+Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had been for
+several years engaged in perfecting a militia system by regiments,
+brigades, and divisions. State encampments had been held, and several
+of its general and field officers made immediate records after war
+began. A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and Jones to
+the service.
+
+The artillery was represented by skeleton companies with one or two
+guns each. Three companies, each making technically a “gun section,”
+were organized at Cleveland, Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters
+at Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned as
+colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general to organize
+other companies in the State at large. These three companies or
+sections, really composing but one battery proper, was the basis of
+Colonel Barnett’s command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.
+
+This battery had previously been inspected by Gen. Winfield Scott
+at Niagara Falls while on an experimental march, and was well
+disciplined and equipped. As early as January, 1861, the previous
+governor, Salmon P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio
+militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty hours from receipt
+of President Lincoln’s first call twenty disciplined companies (two
+regiments) were dispatched to Washington. The incomplete record of
+the First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery had not
+been called for in the first instance, and the fact that troops were
+needed upon the State border before any had been mustered into the
+United States service.
+
+By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the service of
+the United States, retained their officers. The governor of Ohio did
+not deem it wise thus to designate the general officer to command
+the troops called for by the President. A special legislative act
+promptly provided that the major-general might be taken from citizens
+at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed and commissioned.
+The President also appointed him major-general. But while thousands
+of the militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been
+mustered into the United States service when their services were
+instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand came from Marietta,
+Ohio, for artillery, as hostile demonstrations had commenced,
+tending to the control of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the
+Adjutant-General’s Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect
+was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report with his
+battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday, Ambos foundry was
+fired up and round shot were cast for use of the battery. A car was
+sent to Xenia for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were
+made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition for artillery
+in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett, having been assured
+that he would retain his rank as colonel, reported with his battery
+in good condition. The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at
+the same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once returned
+to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was to administer the State
+obligation and make up the roll as the company was organized. The
+battery therefore moved to the border to await orders, but in a
+position for defensive duty.
+
+Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded arms, so
+that nine regiments were immediately organized and armed as State
+militia, while no volunteers had as yet been mustered into the United
+States service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of West
+Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general from that State, and
+the regiments of Colonels Dumont and Milroy had moved to support the
+regiment of Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had
+no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority to push
+militia across the State boundary, authorized the adjutant-general
+to visit General McClellan and submit a plan, which General Wool had
+approved, and also to act for the State, as the conference might
+agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments in the various
+camps were put in motion, with no regard for a United States muster.
+
+Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor, and during
+his absence General McClellan called for the battery. The following
+telegram was sent: “Barnett, borrow money and buy horses instanter.”
+Also, to each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of
+Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him in command of all
+State troops.”
+
+Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then accessible, and,
+in fact, no troops were fully ready for muster; but the battery,
+supported by the Fourteenth Ohio, occupied the heights back of
+Parkersburg, moved to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and
+with its associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of
+Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United States service,
+under United States officers, in brigade with regularly mustered
+United States troops. It had the same claim to full recognition and a
+muster, nunc pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.
+
+The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and Wool, at once
+recognized the service, and the adjutant-general, without his
+solicitation or knowledge in advance, was appointed colonel of the
+Eighteenth United States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law.
+The emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State boundary,
+and the battery did as good service as if it had been that of Captain
+Bragg, whose precedent it sought to emulate.
+
+  Respectfully submitted.
+  HENRY B. CARRINGTON,
+
+  _Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry and
+  Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly Adjutant-General of Ohio._
+
+The movements of this regiment show a service which was distinctly
+national in character. On May 29, 1861, a part of the command moved
+into Virginia.
+
+On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the command
+went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton, Va., from which time
+until the date of their muster out they actively participated in the
+campaign in western Virginia.
+
+The command of the troops, after they left Marietta, Ohio, and
+embarked for Virginia, passed completely from the officers of
+the State of Ohio to the Federal officers. In May, 1861, General
+McClellan sent an officer of the United States Army Engineers to
+inspect the regiment “with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And the evidence
+shows that the Federal officer found the regiment in excellent
+condition as respects drill, discipline, and soldierly bearing.
+Clothing and camp equipage were also furnished to the regiment by the
+United States.
+
+On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the regiment, received
+from General McClellan the following telegram from Cincinnati:
+“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to me when ready
+for service.” On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:
+“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply him with a
+detachment of two guns, with proper officers and men.”
+
+On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment left Marietta,
+Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders to report to Colonel
+Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which were serving
+under Federal authority. They performed important service under such
+orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On May 30, 1861,
+four companies of the regiment, with Colonel Barnett, proceeded
+by boat to Benwood, and received orders to proceed to Grafton.
+They proceeded thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the
+engagement. July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to Belington,
+where it was engaged with the enemy. On July 12 the First Ohio
+Artillery opened fire upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent
+effect.
+
+The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery regiment was
+taken into Virginia under authority of and for service with the
+United States Government. Such was the understanding of the soldiers
+and of the Federal officers under whom they served, and the character
+of their service was distinctly national.
+
+The regiment was not called into the service of the State of Ohio
+alone, but of other States. Every State is an integral part of the
+Union which the Federal Government is, under the Constitution, bound
+to protect against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment was
+employed in general service with and as a part of the Federal forces,
+under orders from the Federal Government, and in the execution of
+a duty which was distinctly national in character. The regiment
+not only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks of the
+enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It rendered United
+States service under United States officers in brigade with regularly
+mustered United States troops.”
+
+And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired, the regiment,
+which had been “serving in Virginia,” was, by order of the War
+Department dated July 27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there
+mustered out of the service of the United States. And the same order
+directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should be tendered
+should be mustered into the service of the United States for three
+years’ service. Owing, no doubt to an oversight, or to ignorance of
+the fact that the regiment had been actually in the service of the
+United States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization of
+the State of Ohio.
+
+The records of the War Department fail to show facts upon which
+justice can be done to this regiment, and Congress is asked to afford
+such relief by a special act. Upon the evidence in the case it is
+submitted that the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery
+is entitled to proper recognition as having been in the service
+of the United States, and its officers and soldiers should receive
+certificates of honorable discharge as such.
+
+Following is the muster roll:
+
+
+_First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery._
+
+FIELD AND STAFF.
+
+[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,
+aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July
+27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to
+Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  James Barnett      |Colonel.       | 39|April 21, |   3    |Apr. 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |        |1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |regiment
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Stephen B. Sturges |Lieutenant-    |   |          |        |
+                     | colonel.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Clark S. Gates     |Major.         | 48|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Amos Townsend      |Quartermaster. | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Elisha Sterling    |Surgeon.       | 39|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  William E. Standart|Adjutant.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Randall Crawford   |Quartermaster- |   |          |        |
+                     | sergeant.     | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY A.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  William R. Simmonds|Captain.       | 46|April 21, |   3    | April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |        |  1861:
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.
+  John A. Bennett    |First sergeant | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Samuel M. Cowdery  |Sergeant       | 33|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thomas J. Thompson |Corporal       | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  M. Eugene Cornell  |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  James Willis       |Trumpeter      | 23|     do.  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.
+  Anson, Edward P.   |Private        | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bailey, Amasa      |    do         | 42|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Benjamin, John A.  |    do         | 30|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Blair, John H.     |    do         | 31|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Brewster, George   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Camp, William M.   |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Clark, George W.   |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Cramer, Isaac C.   |    do         | 31|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunn, Joseph       |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunn, Richard      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Kelley, John J.    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Milton, John R.    |    do         | 20|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Moats, Henry       |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  New, Henry         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Rebbeck, Henry H.  |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Reynolds, Daniel   |    do         | 35|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Sypher, J. Hale    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Throup, David H.   |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Throup, Roger D.   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Worley, John G.    |    do         | 19|June 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY B.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  John G. Mack       |Captain        | 46|April 21, |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Jacob Ruder        |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Frederick C.       |               |   |          |        |
+    Gruninger        |First sergeant | 35|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Mathew Adams       |Corporal       | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Charles B. Rodder  |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Beachal, Frederick |Private        | 27|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Chapin, George     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dawmann, Joseph    |    do         |   |June 1,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Ebert, William     |    do         | 22|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Erhart, Alexander  |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fabrian, Louis     |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fenfil, Christian  |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fisher, Louis      |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fredericks, Abraham|    do         | 39|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Galleger, John     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        | also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |    |“Gellecker.”
+  Gruninger, Charles |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |Mustered
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Kustner, George    |    do         |   |      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Lucas, Michael     |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Mangelmann, Adolph |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Nerritta, Leonhard |    do         | 35|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |    |“Nerritter.”
+  Nickel, Lorenze    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“Nigel.”
+  Reidenbach, Peter  |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Schener, Daniel    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schoemer, Michael  |    do         | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Weidenkopf,        |               |   |          |        |
+    Nicholas         |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wouley, Andrew     |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY C.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Frederick W. Pelton|Captain        | 34|April 21, |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Samuel Sears       |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Francis S. Pelton  |First sergeant | 28|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Peter C. Schneider |Corporal       | 25|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  John C. Brainard   |    do         | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Allen, Edward S.   |Private        | 33|     do.  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Boyen, John H.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Brainard, Edward S.|    do         |   |May 13,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Chaffee, Comfort   |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Davis, George R.   |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dean, Charles M.   |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunbar, Homer      |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Abel         |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Henry        |    do         | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Levi         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, William      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Grotzinger, William|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hand, James L.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hone, Alexander    |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Llewhellen, William|    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Lyon, George       |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Marcellus,         |               |   |          |        |
+    Charles E.       |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Roberts, Henry     |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schmehl, George    |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Storrer, Frank S.  |    do         | 20|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Worth, Frederick W.|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY D.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Percy W. Rice      |Captain        | 29|Apr 21,   |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |    3   |1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  James H. Miller    |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Edwin F. Reeve     |First sergeant | 31|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  William H. Hilliard|Corporal       | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Norman A. Baldwin  |   do          | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Champlin,          |               |   |          |        |
+    William A.       |Private        | 38|     do   |    3   |Absent in
+                     |               |   |          |        |hospital
+                     |               |   |          |        |at
+                     |               |   |          |        |Marietta,
+                     |               |   |          |        |Ohio,
+                     |               |   |          |        |May 21,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Crawford, George W.|    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Davis, Daniel S.   |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Edgarton, Warren P.|    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Gardner, Orlando D.|    do         | 21|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Harbeck, John S.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Kidd, William      |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Killam, Simon W.   |    do         | 27|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Marshall,          |               |   |          |        |
+    Alexander, Jr.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Murray, George E.  |    do         | 24|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Orland, Henry      |    do         | 30|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Rice, Charles H.   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Shields, Joseph C. |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Smith, Robertson   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Sterling, James A. |    do         | 22|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Thatcher,          |               |   |          |        |
+    Lorenzo W.       |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Tillotson,         |               |   |          |        |
+    George W.        |    do         | 44|     do   |    3   |Wounded
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 7,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+                     |               |   |          |        |in battle
+                     |               |   |          |        |of Laurel
+                     |               |   |          |        |Hill, Va.;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Vincent, Henry G.  |    do         | 29|     do   |    3   |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Wilson, Frank      |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY E.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Louis Heckmau      |Captain        | 39|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861:
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  J. Jacob Houck     |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Henry Roth         |First sergeant | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Valentine Heckman  |Corporal       | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Louis Smithnight   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bommhardt, Jacob   |Private        | 24|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Breuhler, George   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Eshenbrenner,      |               |   |          |        |
+    George           |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hartman, Hermann   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Herig, Charles     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Kuglen, George     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Payson, George W.  |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Riegler, Albert    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schmidt, Gerhard   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schwendner, Conrad |    do         | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Sehrt, Wilhelm     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |       |also borne
+                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“William.”
+  Smith, Jacob       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |       |also borne
+                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“Schmidt.”
+  Thaller, Frantz    |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Trumpy, Henry      |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wetzel, Frederick  |    do         | 40|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wolf, George       |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Zeller, John A.    |    do         | 38|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY F.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Dennis Kenny, Jr.  |Captain        | 27|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Henry S. Munger    |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Jerome B. Burrows  |First sergeant | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  James H. Coller    |Corporal       | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Charles D. Lane    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bartholomew, Myron |Private        | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Bruner, William    |    do         | 25|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Burrows, Adrian A. |    do         | 29|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Crowell,           |               |   |          |        |
+    William H. H.    |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dorman, Dennis W.  |    do         | 43|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fitch, Martin L.   |    do         | 46|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Gage, Henry W.     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Gary, Marco B.     |    do         | 26|June 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Myers, Addison D.  |    do         | 25|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Paddock, Asher R.  |    do         | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Proctor, William E.|    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Ransom, Moses Y.   |    do         | 23|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Smith, Albert D.   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Stoughton, Theodore|    do         | 21|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Stowe, Melvin D.   |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thorp, Arthur B.   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thorp, Henry H.    |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Turner, Erastus D. |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Viets, Frank       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+
+
+57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.
+
+H. R. 619.
+
+
+IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
+
+June 23, 1902.
+
+Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.
+
+
+AN ACT
+
+  Providing for the recognition of the military service of the
+  officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer
+  Light Artillery.
+
+_Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
+United States of America in Congress assembled_, That the officers
+and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery
+(three months’ service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the
+call of the President of the United States issued on the fifteenth
+day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, and which rendered
+actual military service under the command of officers of the United
+States and in co-operation with the regularly organized military
+forces of the United States, shall be held and considered to have
+been in the military service of and to have formed a part of the
+military establishment of the United States during the period for
+which said organization was enlisted and was in active service,
+and that the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is, authorized and
+directed to issue certificates of discharge, upon due application and
+satisfactory proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members
+of the said organization: _Provided,_ That no pay, bounty, or other
+emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of
+this Act.
+
+Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.
+
+  Attest:      A. MCDOWELL, _Clerk_.
+
+House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in January, 1903.
+
+
+
+
+  Transcriber’s Notes
+
+  pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William
+  pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett
+  pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister
+  pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio
+  pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.
+  pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces
+  pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be
+  pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington
+  pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality
+  pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow
+  pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow
+  pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon
+  pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A
+  pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C
+  pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J
+  pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H
+  pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D
+  pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G
+  pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)
+  Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.
+  The table of contents was written by the transcriber.
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 69950 ***
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-<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery, by Anonymous</p>

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-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery</p>

-<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Anonymous</p>

-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: February 4, 2023 [eBook #69950]</p>

-<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p>

-  <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</p>

-<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY ***</div>

-

-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 65%">

-<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Cover">

-</div>

-

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<figure class="figcenter illowp65" id="i002" style="max-width: 48.5em;">

-  <img class="w100" src="images/i002.jpg" alt="">

-  <figcaption class="caption"><p class="center">CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY<br>

-<span class="fs80">Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861</span></p></figcaption>

-</figure></div>

-

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<h1>Reminiscences<br>

-<span class="fs60">of the</span><br>

-<span class="fs90">Cleveland Light Artillery</span></h1>

-<br>

-<div class="centered_image">

-  <img src="images/cannon.jpg" alt="Drawing of a cannon">

-</div>

-<p class="center fs80 wsp"><br>

-<br>

-Cleveland<br>

-Cleveland Printing Company<br>

-1906<br>

-</p></div>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<h2>Contents.</h2>

-

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdr" style="width:15%"><span class="fs80">PAGE</span></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr">I.</td>

-<td class="tdl">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr">II.</td>

-<td class="tdl">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the </td>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Artillery Goes to the Front.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr">III.</td>

-<td class="tdl">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-<td class="tdl">Independent Companies.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-<td class="tdl">Barnett’s big regiment.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr"></td>

-<td class="tdl">“Commissary” Harry Bingham.</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdr">IV.</td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl">Muster List</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_94">94</a></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl">Senate Bill</td>

-<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_101">101</a></td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</span></p>

-<h2>CHAPTER I.<br>

-

-<span class="smcap fs70">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</span></h2>

-

-

-<p>The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose

-guns thundered on nearly all the great battlefields

-of the War for the Union, 1861-5—owed its existence

-to a process of evolution. It was the result

-of a growth during a period of more than twenty

-years.</p>

-

-<p>The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company,

-was formed in 1837. It was composed of active,

-intelligent, patriotic young men who displayed from

-the first a laudable pride in the organization, and an

-ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard

-of excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were

-rewarded by a full measure of success, and the company

-was soon celebrated far and near for its fine

-appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military

-discipline.</p>

-

-<p>In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the

-Grays held an encampment on a vacant lot at the

-present corner of Superior and Erie streets. As compared

-to its proportions of today, Cleveland was

-then scarcely more than an overgrown village,

-and the territory in the vicinity of the spot designated

-above—now covered, and for miles beyond, with business

-houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval

-state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light

-Artillery Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early

-days for its skill in the art of gunnery, was present

-at the encampment. The fine evolutions of this command

-and its proficiency in working and handling

-artillery attracted much attention and awakened a

-lively interest in that arm of military science.</p>

-

-<p>The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once

-decided that they would have a gun squad. No sooner<span class="pagenum" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</span>

-said than done, and nine members of the company

-were detailed for that purpose, as follows:</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">David L. Wood,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Krieger,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edward S. Flint,</td>

-<td class="tdl">F. H. Utley,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edward A. Scovill,</td>

-<td class="tdl">James A. Craw,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Richard Dockstader,</td>

-<td class="tdl">James B. Wilbur,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">C. J. Merriam.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p>David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun

-Squad. He had formerly lived in Buffalo and had

-served as a gunner in Major Fay’s company, but had

-removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous

-member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained

-and mounted on a carriage which, as well as the

-caisson, was of home manufacture, made at the expense

-of the company. The early drills were held in

-a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery.

-The building was owned by the Ohio Stage

-Company, which, before the days of railroads, was operating

-its lines of public conveyance. These premises

-were used for five or six years, when more commodious

-quarters were provided.</p>

-

-<p>In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a

-military station at the rapids of the Maumee river,

-near Perrysburg, Ohio, built by General William Henry

-Harrison in 1813. A number of military companies from

-various parts of the West attended the meeting—among

-them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The

-members of both organizations distinguished themselves

-by their accuracy in drill and their soldierly

-bearing, for which they bore away a large share of the

-honors.</p>

-

-<p>Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the

-young artillerists continued their practice with the

-greatest assiduity, attaining a perfection that was in

-the highest degree creditable, and they fairly deserved

-the plaudits that were so freely bestowed upon them

-whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction<span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</span>

-and assistance were received from members of

-Major Fay’s company, before mentioned. The drill was

-in the French style of tactics then in vogue, and generally

-known as “flying artillery.”</p>

-

-<p>In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays,

-forming a separate organization known as the Cleveland

-Light Artillery, with two 12-pound guns, and

-a large increase in its active membership. David L.

-Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this

-early day belonged to the company were James Barnett,

-W. E. Lawrence, Seymour Race, W. H. Hayward and

-W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in active membership

-and were prominent during the war as members

-of the First Ohio Light Artillery.</p>

-

-<p>The increase in the company, both in size and equipment,

-made it necessary to have better quarters. An

-armory was built on Bank street, in the rear of what

-is now the block next north of the Mercantile National

-Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie street

-barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted

-battery of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything

-complete, all of which equipment was provided

-at private expense, as were also the uniforms of the

-men. Whenever the battery appeared on public occasions

-or went out for field practice all expenses including

-the use of horses were borne by the company.</p>

-

-<p>On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment

-was held at Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland

-Light Artillery was invited to participate. The

-company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march

-from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance

-both ways being something over one hundred miles.

-This would not have been considered much of a march

-during the war, but it was the first campaign of the

-company, and was a great event in those days. During

-their stay at Wooster the artillerymen received the

-highest encomiums for their excellent appearance and

-drill.</p>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</span></p>

-

-<p>July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention

-was held at Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent

-invitation to attend, going by lake on the steamer

-Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded by

-Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company

-gave several exhibitions, acquitting itself with such

-credit as to win unstinted praise. The effect was to

-stir up the military spirit in Chicago to such a degree

-that a light battery was at once organized there. The

-Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise

-assisted in equipping the battery.</p>

-

-<p>The Chicago company owed its existence in a great

-measure to the Cleveland Artillery. It grew and

-prospered, and early in the war became the nucleus of

-the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery, as the

-Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed,

-it may fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland

-Artillery was a wide-spread, and a potential factor,

-through the removal of its members from time to time,

-in awakening an interest before the war in that arm

-of the military service. During the war there was no inconsiderable

-number of artillery officers who entered

-the army from other states, whose first instruction

-was received years before, while members of the old

-Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was usually

-from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty

-years and more of its existence many of these dropped

-out of the ranks and were widely scattered, their places

-being filled by others. The seed thus sown produced an

-abundant crop of artillerymen.</p>

-

-<p>General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he

-was directing the march of some artillery through one

-of the valleys between the mountain ranges near Chattanooga.

-The weather was cold and wet and the roads

-wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast

-in the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons

-were sunk to the hubs and obstinately refused to budge

-an inch, despite the floundering efforts of the panting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</span>

-horses and the picturesque profanity of the drivers.

-Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about

-equally discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition,

-sat on his horse surveying the scene, apparently

-caring little whether there were any stars left in the

-old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with him

-and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the

-mire. In conversation with him the general learned

-that the captain was an old-time member of the Cleveland

-artillery, and it was in consequence of what he

-learned in that company that he was induced to raise

-a battery and go to war in earnest.</p>

-

-<p>In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain

-of the Artillery and continued in that position for

-four years. David L. Wood was then again chosen and

-continued in command until a short time before the

-breaking out of the war.</p>

-

-<p>The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and

-popular that in 1851 it was doubled in strength and its

-armament was increased to four guns. At this time

-there was no organization of the militia of Ohio, and

-very little had been done by the state authorities to

-foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could

-then have believed that ten years later the tocsin of

-war would be sounded, and that more than three hundred

-thousand men from Ohio alone would march to

-the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed”

-soldiering, either. It is safe to say that Ohio will

-never again be found in a state of such unreadiness—but

-may the good Lord deliver us from any more war!

-The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will

-all devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who

-served in the Civil War, they know when they have had

-enough.</p>

-

-<p>After much urging and coaxing the state authorities

-did at length consent to lend a helping hand. When

-the Cleveland Artillery was enlarged to a four-gun

-battery the state furnished the guns and harness. The<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</span>

-company supplied everything else, including caissons,

-uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained

-its status as an independent organization. In

-fact there was no law of Ohio authorizing artillery

-companies in any shape, and the small aid that was

-grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more

-of a gratuity than anything else.</p>

-

-<p>But the company continued to prosper just the same.

-Its membership was composed of excellent material,

-including young men from many of the best families of

-the city. All were earnest and ambitious in their efforts

-and they soon reached a high state of skill and efficiency

-in handling their guns and in all the details of the tactics

-in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms

-for public occasions, with plenty of red in them,

-suggestive of sanguinary scenes, and presented a really

-gorgeous appearance when parading the streets. They

-won the applause of the multitude, the smiles of the

-fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For in

-those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded

-with unspeakable awe; and a man in military

-dress awakened the liveliest emotions in the popular

-mind.</p>

-

-<p>In February, 1852, the company was first called upon

-for military duty. On the 17th of that month a serious

-riot occurred at a medical college situated at the corner

-of Prospect and Ontario streets. The trouble grew

-out of the exposure of some human bones from the

-dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be

-the remains of his daughter, whose body he thought

-had been stolen for dissection, gathered a formidable

-mob of excited people and moved upon the college

-with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and

-of hanging the doctors and students to the nearest

-lamp posts. The sheriff soon found that he had more

-on hand than he could manage and ordered out the Light

-Artillery to his assistance. The members of the company

-responded with alacrity and promptly appeared<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</span>

-upon the ground, unlimbering their pieces they double

-shotted them in full view of the rioters, who were

-warned that if they did not instantly disperse the

-guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts,

-ready to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and

-fled from the scene, in a slate of confused demoralization.

-For precautionary reasons the battery remained

-on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours, by

-the end of which time the excitement had abated and

-there was no repetition of the hostile demonstration.</p>

-

-<p>This incident clearly showed the value of such a

-body of trained men, to meet emergencies liable at

-times to arise in a rapidly growing city, where sudden

-excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking men

-to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities

-at defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory,

-fortunately a bloodless one. Its members were

-highly complimented for their prompt response to the

-call and their cool steadiness in the face of the excited

-mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were

-made of, though not to be compared with the scenes of

-carnage that some of those men faced without flinching

-in after years.</p>

-

-<p>The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in

-the Light Artillery, and to give the company substantial

-support and assistance. Again it became necessary

-to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient

-funds were contributed by the citizens and the members

-of the company to build a new armory. The

-building was erected in 1852, near the present junction

-of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on

-which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.</p>

-

-<p>The fame of the company went abroad throughout the

-land and invitations were received from far and near

-to attend large public gatherings. In 1852 an excursion

-was made by lake to Sandusky, at the request of

-citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists were

-handsomely entertained. In September of the same<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</span>

-year the anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane

-was celebrated by an immense assemblage of people

-with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara Falls. The

-Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large

-number of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There

-the horses were hitched to guns and caissons and the

-company marched to the Falls, attracting much attention

-along the route. The battery took an active part

-in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major

-Fay’s “crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853

-the Cleveland company attended by special invitation

-a large encampment of the New York state militia at

-Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery

-was warmly received and was a prominent feature of

-the encampment.</p>

-

-<p>The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or

-three years when, the location being for various reasons

-undesirable, it was decided to move once more.

-Quarters were secured near the business center of

-the city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a

-few rods west of Bank street, occupied after the war

-by Montpellier’s Variety Theater. Here the battery

-continued to abide until it went to the “front” in

-1861.</p>

-

-<p>At this time the company was in better condition

-than ever before. In good quarters, with full battery

-equipment and fine uniforms, and in an admirable

-state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as a

-model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light

-Artillery and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of

-the Rover Guards of Cincinnati, attended a great military

-gathering in that city, to celebrate the anniversary

-of Washington’s birthday. There were present a large

-number of the best drilled and equipped independent

-companies of Ohio and other states. None of them

-surpassed the Cleveland contingent in excellence of

-drill and martial bearing.</p>

-

-<p>During the next three or four years annual encampments<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</span>

-were held for practice in gunnery and field

-evolutions, and in the various duties of camp life.

-Frequent excursions continued to be made, in response

-to invitations received from all parts of the country.

-The citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation

-of the high standing of the company and

-the honor it had conferred upon the city by tendering

-its members occasional banquets which were largely

-attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment.

-These unsought recognitions were most gratifying to

-the artillerymen and incited them to the utmost efforts

-to “go on unto perfection.”</p>

-

-<p>It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest

-degree creditable to the company—that during all this

-time, embracing a period of twenty years, the large expenses

-pertaining to the organization, such as the purchase

-of uniforms and equipments of every kind, the

-building or rental of quarters, the cost of transportation

-and the employment of horses, were cheerfully

-paid by the members of the company, with some assistance

-from time to time by the citizens of Cleveland.

-The state furnished no part of the equipment except

-the guns and harness, and these only for a portion of

-the time.</p>

-

-<p>Below is given a complete roster of those whose

-names were borne upon the roll of the company at

-different times during these years. The names of the

-nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the

-Gun Squad have already been given. The list which

-follows embraces all who joined and served in its

-ranks from that time until the reorganization of the

-battery under the militia law of Ohio. The older

-residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar

-with its people of thirty and forty years ago, will

-recognize in this roster the names of many who are

-now, or were in the past, distinguished as honorable

-and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions

-in business, professional or political life. A large<span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</span>

-part of the old members of the Light Artillery are

-now dead. A considerable number of these made the

-supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar of patriotism,

-during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose

-names appear removed to other parts of the country

-and rose to prominence in the various walks of

-life. Some, including two of three of the detail from

-the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around Cleveland,

-commanding the highest respect and esteem of their

-fellow-citizens.</p>

-

-<p>These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized

-association to perpetuate the memories of “auld

-lang syne.” Regularly each year, on Washington’s

-birthday, they meet around the social board and recall

-reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance

-their comrades who died for their country,

-and upon the annual recurrence of Decoration Day

-they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves of

-those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland.

-The association is gradually diminishing in number, as

-one by one its members yield to the infirmities of age,

-but as long as any of them remain these yearly gatherings

-will be continued.</p>

-

-<p>The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery

-is as follows, including all whose names were on

-its roll from the beginning till the reorganization under

-the state law, in 1860:</p>

-

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Andrews, J. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bennett, James</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Adams, S. E.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bennett, John A.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Abbey, H. G.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Brown, J. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ashcraft, S. F.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Burwell, H. F.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Adams, M.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Berry, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Barnett, James</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bradford, Charles</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bond, M. P.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Beardsley, Clint.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bond, T. N.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Babcock, C. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Brown, Ben.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bynnar, C. E.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Beardsley, E. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Benjame, John</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bliss, Stoughton</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bills, George W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bingham, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl">Bocking, R. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bradburn, Charles</td>

-<td class="tdl">Blake, I. W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Berry, Alfred</td>

-<td class="tdl">Gardner, O. S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</span></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Baldwin, N. A.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Grimshaw, J. W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Beck, D. D.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Hayward, W. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bull, John</td>

-<td class="tdl">Harmon, J. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Born, C. P.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Hill, James</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Beckel, F.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Higby, Charles</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Broat, J. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Harbeck, J. S.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Burkhardt, J. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Houghton, D. W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cowan, William</td>

-<td class="tdl">Haskill, J. R.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cowan, John.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Hilliard, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Calkins, G. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Haidenburgh, J. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Casement, John S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Ingersoll, John</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Craw, James A.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Jones, Samuel</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Crawford, Randall</td>

-<td class="tdl">Johnson, J. W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Coon, John</td>

-<td class="tdl">Krauss, G.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cowdry, C. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Kelley, George</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cowdry, J. M.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Kittell, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Craigen, William</td>

-<td class="tdl">Krieger, Frank</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cate, William</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lawrence, W. E.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Champlain, Wm. A.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lyon, W. A.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Chapman, W. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Langell, S. F.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Craig, William</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lucas, M.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Crawford, Frank</td>

-<td class="tdl">Leonard, Charles</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Chapin, E.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lewis, E. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Curtis, A. F.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lewis, S. J.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Clayton, D. B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alex.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Crable, John</td>

-<td class="tdl">Machette, Thomas H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cummings, B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Merwin, A.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dockstader, Richard</td>

-<td class="tdl">McDole, N. K.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dockstader, W. J.</td>

-<td class="tdl">McOmber, J. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dunham, C. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Merriam, C. J.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dexter, B. F.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Miller, W. L.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Douglass, R. B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Miller, James</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dunn, J. E.</td>

-<td class="tdl">McMurphy, P. F.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dumont, W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Mastick, H. A.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ensworth, J. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">McIlrath, James</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ensworth, Jere</td>

-<td class="tdl">Matthews, H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Eddy, F. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Marshall, Geo. F.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Eldridge, George D.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Newell, N. M.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edgarton, W. P.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Noble, H. M.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Flint, Edward S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Nelson, S. N.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Freeman, J. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Nelson, N.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Feickert, C.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Pickersgill, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Geer, Hezekiah</td>

-<td class="tdl">Palmer, Horace</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Green, J. M.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Perry, J. S.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gerlacher, J.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Paddock, T. S.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Fred</td>

-<td class="tdl">Potts, W. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Potts, R. C.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sanford, E.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</span>

-</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Pynchon, J. B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sanford, Nelson</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Patrick, C. L.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sanford, J. R.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Pratt, D. M.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sturtevant, S. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Price, David</td>

-<td class="tdl">Stevenson, M.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Prentiss, W. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Smith, Pard B.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Pelton, F. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sweeny, Thomas T.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Race, Seymour</td>

-<td class="tdl">Stevens, W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Rice, Percy W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Sheldon, W. B.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Reese, C. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Silsbee, S.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Redhead, N. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Story, J.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ruple, D. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Smidt, N.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Robinson, J. T.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Schent, D.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Robison, W. S.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Shields, J. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ruff, Peter</td>

-<td class="tdl">Taylor, D. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Rodder, C. B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Thompson, T. J.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Russell, C. L.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Towner, W.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Scovill, O. C.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Umbstaetter, D.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Scovill, Edward A.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Utley, F. H.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Standart, W. E.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Wood, David L.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Standart, W. L.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Walworth, John</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Standart, S. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Walworth, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Standart, Geo. W.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Whittemore, M. C.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Simmonds, W. R.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Whittemore, H. L.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sholl, W. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Warmington, William</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Seymour, Belden</td>

-<td class="tdl">White, N. D.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Strong, J. T.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Winslow, John</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sterling, J. M. Jr.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Wilbur, J. B.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sterling, E.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Wehl, V.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Simmonds, S. J.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, N.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Selden, C. A.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Werlig, A.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sturges, S. B.</td>

-<td class="tdl">Wilson, F.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<p>Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery,

-it will be fitting to pay deserved tribute to

-the memory of David L. Wood, who served as its commandant

-for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and

-ability the company was so largely indebted for its

-honorable and successful career. He was born in Litchfield

-county, Connecticut, August 14, 1817. While yet

-a lad his parents removed to Buffalo, where he learned

-the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed to

-Cleveland and at once identified himself with the

-Grays. His connection with Fay’s Artillery Company<span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</span>

-in Buffalo, his detail from the Grays as sergeant of

-the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services in the

-battery have already been mentioned. Under the law

-passed in 1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was

-appointed by Governor Chase to the responsible position

-of Quartermaster General of the state. So faithfully

-and efficiently did he discharge the duties of the

-position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison

-and was at the head of that most important department

-of the state executive when the war broke out

-in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability in

-fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded

-to the call. But the true military spirit was

-strong in him and nothing could satisfy him but active

-service in the field. He resigned his position at

-Columbus and having been by the President commissioned

-a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he

-went to the front in December.

-His regiment was afterward assigned to Thomas’s

-corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar

-thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so

-fearfully decimated, he was severely wounded. When

-partially recovered he asked to be placed on such duty

-as he could perform and was put in charge of a recruiting

-station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan

-made his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took

-command of a hastily organized company and joined

-in the pursuit of the rebel troopers, bearing an honorable

-part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon after

-this, although still suffering from the effects of his

-wound, he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment

-in the field, but it was not granted by reason of his

-disability and he was placed on the retired list.</p>

-

-<p>He went to Cleveland where he was several times

-elected a Justice of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to

-New York, in the hope that the climate might prove

-more favorable to his failing health. He grew worse,

-however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</span>

-He was almost immediately prostrated by severe illness,

-which terminated fatally a few days later. On May 2nd

-he died, sincerely mourned by a wide circle of friends,

-and particularly by his old comrades of the Cleveland

-Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately

-associated.</p>

-

-<p>Many will remember that for two or three years before

-the war, as the fast-growing sentiment against

-slavery became more active and aggressive in the North,

-there were mutterings that boded ill for the peace of

-the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds

-that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally

-burst upon the country in all its savage fury. These

-“signs of the times” had the effect, everywhere, to

-arouse the state authorities from their lethargy and

-measures were taken to encourage and promote the

-organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature

-of Ohio passed a militia law. The friends of the

-Cleveland Light Artillery had for years been hammering

-at the law-givers, urging the importance of state

-aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its

-way into the minds of the state officials and members

-of the Legislature, that an emergency might arise

-when a few serviceable cannon, and trained men to

-use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the

-new law they authorized the formation of artillery

-companies, each to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two

-sergeants and twenty privates, with one gun and caisson.

-The law further provided for the organization

-of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than

-six of such one-gun companies.</p>

-

-<p>In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland

-Artillery—four guns—was at once reorganized

-into four companies, and there were added one in Brooklyn,

-Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula

-county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though

-its strength in men and guns was only

-that of a single battery after things were placed upon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</span>

-a war footing. The following field and staff officers

-were elected and commissioned by the Governor August

-1, 1860:</p>

-

-<p class="lh">Colonel—James Barnett.</p>

-<p class="lh">Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.</p>

-<p class="lh">Major—Clark S. Gates.</p>

-<p class="lh">Surgeon—C. E. Ames.</p>

-<p class="lh">Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.</p>

-<p class="lh">Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.</p>

-

-<p>The companies of the regiment were commended as

-follows:</p>

-

-<p class="lh">Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.</p>

-<p class="lh">Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.</p>

-<p class="lh">Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.</p>

-<p class="lh">Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.</p>

-<p class="lh">Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.</p>

-<p class="lh">Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.</p>

-

-

-<p>The organization was officially designated as the

-“First Regiment of Light Artillery, Third Brigade,

-Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer Militia.”</p>

-

-<p>The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment”

-was at the unveiling of the statue of Commodore

-Perry, in Cleveland, September 10th, 1860. The occasion

-was an imposing one, and a number of military

-companies from abroad were present and participated

-in the parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island,

-which was Commodore Perry’s native state. The visiting

-troops and distinguished guests accompanying them

-were hospitably entertained during their stay in Cleveland

-by the members and friends of the Artillery and

-the Grays. A few months later the pomp and glory

-of a holiday pageant were exchanged for the stern

-realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns of the

-Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell

-into the ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.</p>

-

-<p>Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860.

-As the political campaign of that year progressed the

-result was foreshadowed by the strong drift of public<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</span>

-sentiment at the North. The “fire-eaters” of the South

-wrought themselves into a high state of excitement

-over their prospective defeat and for a month before

-the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession

-and revolution in such a contingency. The northern

-people were slow to believe that these declarations

-were anything more than “wind.” Even when they

-began to take definite form, after the election, the number

-was yet small who believed there would be a conflict

-of arms.</p>

-

-<p>The success of the Republican party in the election

-was made the pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks

-later South Carolina packed her knapsack and marched

-out of the Union. Six other states followed closely

-upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten

-at the ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box,

-but—as those most interested in this volume will

-remember, for they helped to make it so—this experiment

-was equally unsatisfactory to them in its outcome.</p>

-

-<p>By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and

-the people of the South to show great activity in the

-organization of military companies, the impression became

-quite general throughout the North that the situation

-was critical and there was serious trouble ahead—and

-not very far ahead, either. The great “coming

-event” of the century was “casting its shadow before.”

-Every day but strengthened and intensified the determination,

-through the great, loyal North, that at all

-hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag protected

-from dishonor.</p>

-

-<p>During the winter of 1860, months before the North

-was aroused by the mighty reveille that sounded amidst

-the echoes of Sumter, many independent companies then

-existing made a voluntary offer of their services, provided

-they should be needed. Among the first to show

-a desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was

-the Cleveland six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</span>

-as there began to be a smell of powder in the air the

-members of this organization promptly developed an

-appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General

-of Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services

-and stating that they might be depended upon to respond

-instantly to the call of duty. In two or three

-days an answer was received. The Adjutant General

-commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and

-in the name of the state thanked them effusively for

-their noble offer, but added that he had no idea they

-would be called upon, <em>as it was not at all probable

-that any cavalry or artillery would be required</em>! No

-doubt this official’s views soon underwent a most radical

-change. But his depressing letter had the effect of

-the proverbial “wet blanket” upon the more enthusiastic

-artillerists, who were beginning to actually suffer for

-a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be

-“much of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that

-during the ensuing four years there was not enough

-to go around; everybody who wanted any of it had

-abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after

-the Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General

-some of them really mourned over the prospect of “getting

-left.”</p>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</span></p>

-

-<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_II">CHAPTER II.<br>

-<span class="smcap fs70 lh">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the Artillery

-Goes to the Front.</span></h2>

-</div>

-

-<p>At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky

-day—April 12, 1861, the rebel batteries at

-Charleston opened fire on Fort Sumter. The fort was

-surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On this day

-President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling

-out seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months.

-That night it went out by telegraph, and on Monday

-the people of the North knew that the last hope of

-compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war”

-had been slipped, and the country was to be tested in

-the fierce crucible of a mighty conflict. None who

-witnessed it, or were a part of it, can ever forget the

-grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses, from

-Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio

-river, to avenge the insult of the National Flag. It

-need only be alluded to in this connection. The quotas

-of the various states under the first call for troops

-were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more

-than filled in a single day. All the organized military

-companies in Ohio offered their services, and all were

-clamorous that they should be accepted. There seemed

-to be a generally prevailing fear that the war would

-be “all over” before they could get there.</p>

-

-<p>The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad

-of the Cleveland Artillery was detailed more than

-twenty years before—left amidst prodigious excitement

-for Columbus, became Company E of the First Ohio

-Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But

-so far there was no call for the artillery. How all the

-men, from Colonel to powder-monkey, chafed in the

-impatience of their raging patriotism. It would be

-sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove

-that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</span>

-artillery would be needed”—or if a few cannon should

-be required the batteries of the Regular Army would

-supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would remain

-“out in the cold.”</p>

-

-<p>But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys,

-who were fretting themselves sick, had not long to

-wait for the glad summons. On Saturday, April 20,

-the following dispatch went singing over the wires:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right lh">Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent lh">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>

-<p class="lh">Cleveland, O.</p>

-

-<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery,

-including Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday

-if possible. You can hire horses for the guns

-here or at your point of service. Bring harness and

-everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You

-retain Colonel’s rank. By order—</p>

-

-<p class="right">H. B. Carrington,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Adjutant General.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the

-evening of the day named. How the news spread

-through the city, as if borne upon the wings of the

-wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys

-to thumping and how they cheered at the tidings,

-while tears dimmed the eyes and moistened the cheeks

-of wives and mothers and sisters and sweethearts!</p>

-

-<p>Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the

-following order to captains of companies:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p>You will report your command of twenty men ready

-to march to Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at

-the Public Square. You will have your piece and

-caisson and harness complete at the depot between

-Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of

-ten men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A.

-M., under the command of a sergeant, and when embarked

-report to your superior officers.</p>

-

-<p>By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.</p>

-

-<p class="right">James Barnett,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Colonel First Regiment Artillery,<br>

-S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</span></p>

-

-<p>A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir

-up that company, and a telegram was sent to Geneva,

-carrying the news to Company F.</p>

-

-<p>“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as

-the artillerymen hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation

-for “going to war.” In Cleveland, as everywhere

-else, there was a furious ferment of excitement. For

-the moment business of every kind was laid aside. The

-one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands

-and sons and brothers had been called to the

-field to defend the nation’s flag. Not only their immediate

-friends but the citizens generally put forth

-every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.

-Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made.

-But no stimulating force was then necessary, for every

-heart was swelling with patriotic ardor and the spirit

-of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the utterance

-of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to

-express sympathy with those who had fired on the flag

-his life would not have been worth a rush. If there

-were any such, they kept prudently quiet. People

-shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words

-of cheer and encouragement to those who were about

-to leave for “the front.” The boys had little need,

-however, of being urged to obey the call of duty, and

-sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state

-of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their

-guns in the face of the foe.</p>

-

-<p>The state of public feeling was about as hot as it

-could be, but on Sunday morning another dispatch

-was received which added more fuel to the fierce

-flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.

-It was as follows:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">

-Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>

-

-<p>Can you bring your command here tonight instead of

-waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-William Dennison, Governor.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</span></p>

-

-<p>Thus early people began to learn that there is “no

-Sunday in war.” All that day the excitement increased.

-Those who took the time to go to church listened to

-sermons on the duty of the hour.</p>

-

-<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment

-in time to get away on Sunday and the Governor was

-informed by telegraph that it would leave early Monday

-morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny at

-Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and

-could be ready to leave that night for the rendezvous at

-Cleveland. The necessary transportation was provided

-and the company reported before daylight. Company C.

-from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and

-half the people of that town accompanied the boys to

-the city to “see them off.”</p>

-

-<p>During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there

-was the greatest activity among the members and

-friends of the regiment. The whole city was astir and

-fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of people

-turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading

-to Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers.

-The latter were, of course, only provided with a “pick

-up” outfit, it being expected that all necessary clothing

-and supplies would be furnished by the state authorities.</p>

-

-<p>In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape

-as possible the citizens contributed a sum sufficient for

-the purchase of one hundred and twenty blankets—all

-that could be found in Cleveland suitable for military

-use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,

-and the following memorandum of the purchases

-is given as an item of interest:</p>

-

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdc">Number.</td>

-<td class="tdrx">Price.</td>

-<td class="tdrx">Amount.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">E. I. Baldwin</td>

-<td class="tdrx">12</td>

-<td class="tdrx">$ 1.48⅓</td>

-<td class="tdrx">$ 17.80</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Taylor &amp; Griswold</td>

-<td class="tdrx">3</td>

-<td class="tdrx">2.50</td>

-<td class="tdrx">7.50</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Alcott &amp; Horton</td>

-<td class="tdrx">92</td>

-<td class="tdrx">2.00</td>

-<td class="tdrx">184.00</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Morgan &amp; Root</td>

-<td class="tdrx">13</td>

-<td class="tdrx">1.75</td>

-<td class="tdrx">22.75</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdrx lh">——</td>

-<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>

-<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</td>

-<td class="tdrx">120</td>

-<td class="tdrx"></td>

-<td class="tdrx">$232.05</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</span></p>

-

-<p>At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about

-one hundred and sixty men, embarked on a special

-train. There were hasty and tearful farewells and

-the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and

-cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music

-of brass bands.</p>

-

-<p>At that time no one had more than a vague and

-foggy idea of what war was. It had not yet become the

-serious matter that it was a few months later, and

-during the four long and bitter years that followed.

-The first volunteers went to the field with a grand

-hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism,

-but with no conception of the hardship and privation

-and blood and fire and death that were before them.

-The sickle was sharpened but had not been thrust in

-to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no

-stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with

-mangled victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed

-with the dead and dying; no long, weary marches,

-through heat and cold and storm; no ravages of wasting

-disease. All these were yet as an unopened book

-to these men hastening to the field, and to those who

-with moistened eyes and beating hearts bade them

-farewell and God speed. Only a few then believed that

-there would be much of a war—that the trouble would

-not all be over in sixty or ninety days.</p>

-

-<p>The following is a roster of the regiment as it left

-Cleveland, the officers of the field and staff having been

-already given. A few men who joined some of the

-companies a few weeks later are included:</p>

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company A.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A.

-Bennett.</p>

-

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Roger D. Throup,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Thos J. Thompson,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Joseph Dunn,</td>

-<td class="tdl">John J. Kelley,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John A. Benjamin,</td>

-<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John H. Blair,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry New,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</span></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George W. Clark,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry H. Rebbeck,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thomas D. Beckwith,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. Hale Sypher,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edward P. Anson,</td>

-<td class="tdl">W. M. Camp,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Isaac Cramer,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Moels,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">David H. Throup,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Daniel Reynolds,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Richard Dunn,</td>

-<td class="tdl">John R. Milton,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George Bruster,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Amasa Bailey,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">William Bruner.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company B.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First

-Sergeant, Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant

-Mathias Adams.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Daniel Scheuer,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Frederick Beckel,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George Chapin,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Leonard Nerriter,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John Galcher,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Abraham Fredericks,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Andrew Worley,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Michael Schoemer,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Nicholas Weidenkopf,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Peter Ruff,</td>

-<td class="tdl">William Ebert,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Adolph Menzelman,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Lawrence Nigel,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Peter Reidenbach,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Christian Tenfel,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Lewis Fahrion,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Alexander Erhart,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">Michael Lucas.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company C.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears;

-First Sergeant, F. S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C.

-Schneider.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Levi Fish,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Abel Fish,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William Fish,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Fish,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Alexander Heve,</td>

-<td class="tdl">John C. Brainerd,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">F. W. Wirth,</td>

-<td class="tdl">C. M. Dean,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William Llewellyn,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. H. Boyden,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">C. E. Marcellus,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. L. Hand,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Storer,</td>

-<td class="tdl">E. S. Allen,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George Lyon,</td>

-<td class="tdl">William Grotzinger,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">G. R. Davis,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Wattles,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edward S. Brainerd,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Roberts,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">George Schmale.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company D.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</span>

-Sergeant, E. F. Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">W. P. Edgarton,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. S. Harbeck,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George D. E. Murray,</td>

-<td class="tdl">N. A. Baldwin,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">D. S. Davis,</td>

-<td class="tdl">George Crawford,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William Kidd,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. C. Shields,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">H. G. Vincent,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Orland,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Wilson,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. A. Sterling,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Robinson Smith,</td>

-<td class="tdl">W. A. Champlin,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">S. W. Killam,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Alexander Marshall,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">C. H. Rice,</td>

-<td class="tdl">L. W. Thatcher,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">G. W. Tillotson,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Orlando S. Gardner.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company E.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck;

-First Sergeant, Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine

-Heckman.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight,</td>

-<td class="tdl">J. A. Zeller,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Thaler,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Albert Rigler,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Conrad Schwendner,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Jacob Bomhardt,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George Eshenbrenner,</td>

-<td class="tdl">George W. Payson,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">George Bruehler,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Charles Herig,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fred Wetzel,</td>

-<td class="tdl">William Schutt,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gerhardt Schmidt,</td>

-<td class="tdl">George Kugler,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Trumpy,</td>

-<td class="tdl">George Wolf,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">August Beiser.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company F.</span></p>

-

-<p>Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S.

-Munger; Second Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First

-Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second Sergeant, C. D. Lane;

-Corporal, J. H. Coller.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">H. H. Thorp,</td>

-<td class="tdl">W. H. H. Crowell,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">A. D. Myers,</td>

-<td class="tdl">D. W. Dorman,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">W. E. Proctor,</td>

-<td class="tdl">A. A. Burrows,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">M. L. Fitch,</td>

-<td class="tdl">A. R. Paddock,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">H. W. Gage,</td>

-<td class="tdl">A. B. Thorp,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Theodore Stroughton,</td>

-<td class="tdl">M. D. Stowe,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frank Viets,</td>

-<td class="tdl">Myron Bartholomew,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">E. D. Turner,</td>

-<td class="tdl">M. Y. Ransom,</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc" colspan="2">A. B. Smith.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-

-<p class="lh">Musician—James Willis.</p>

-

-<p>Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon

-Chambers, Edward Gates, Thomas Morris.</p>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</span></p>

-

-<p>It may be remarked here in passing that the men

-were not long in learning that there was something in

-“soldiering” besides romance and “flowery beds of ease.”

-Before June 1st six or seven of them had been discharged

-for disability by reason of sickness, and one

-made up his mind that he had got all he wanted and

-deserted.</p>

-

-<p>All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed

-and shouted in the exuberance of their patriotic emotions,

-and told one another of the valorous deeds they

-would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded

-them. At all points along the route the people greeted

-them with uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted

-the guns and caissons, which were on platform cars,

-were regarded with the utmost curiosity and interest

-by crowds of men, women and children. The engines

-of war were a novelty to them.</p>

-

-<p>On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed

-that the regiment would debark and go into camp

-for a few days at least—an order was received to proceed

-at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way of Loveland.

-It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being

-threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry

-companies from that part of the state which had offered

-their services had been sent to Washington. The

-city was wholly defenseless and there were no troops to

-send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.

-After something had been learned of the art of war it

-came to be considered the proper thing to always provide

-an infantry support for artillery, but nobody

-thought of such things at the moment of emergency.

-So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland,

-with their guns and caissons, but without a single horse

-to move them, were hurried away to prevent the rebels

-from capturing Marietta. It is but justice to the members

-of the regiment to say that they had an abiding

-confidence in their ability to hold that city against the

-entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</span>

-whirling on through the darkness all hearts were swelling

-with patriotism and a heroic determination to obey

-every call of duty, even to facing death in its most awful

-form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence

-wading in blood immediately.</p>

-

-<p>Marietta was reached early next morning but no

-enemy was there to fight. The air was full of wild

-rumors that legions of rebels were approaching, with

-evil designs upon the city, and the people were badly

-scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real

-cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The

-men were most cordially welcomed and received with

-unbounded hospitality. The regiment went into camp

-on the fair grounds, placing the guns in position to

-command the city and spread havoc and destruction

-among any misguided people who should attempt to

-capture it.</p>

-

-<p>The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in

-the way of supplies from either the state or national

-government. Indeed the men had not even been

-mustered into the service—and as a matter of fact they

-were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions

-were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by

-mail and telegraph, for clothing, rations, ammunition,

-etc., all of which were quite indispensable to efficient

-service. When ordered on from Columbus Colonel

-Barnett had been assured that everything needful would

-be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor

-was the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The

-Cleveland contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten.

-It was a pretty clear case of “out of sight out

-of mind.” There may have been some excuse for this

-in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly and

-found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency;

-nor had there been sufficient time as yet for

-the United States government to adjust itself to a condition

-of actual war and provide for the needs of its

-soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</span>

-they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing

-them to the front in the shortest possible time

-everything was in the wildest chaos. It is little wonder

-that things went at haphazard and it was only by chance

-that any officer got for his men what they needed.</p>

-

-<p>As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions

-came both officers and men began to get a little

-warm under the collar. Colonel Barnett prodded up the

-Columbus people daily, his messages growing more and

-more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been

-provided with a single horse and would have been of

-little practical value in case of an attack, unless the

-rebels had kindly marched up in front of the guns and

-permitted themselves to be shot down. In this case the

-slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been

-supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment

-passed through Columbus the condition of the command

-was reported and the Adjutant General had promised

-that horses and ammunition should be promptly furnished

-at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,

-before leaving the state capital, several pork

-barrels full of round shot, a few chests of fine rifle

-powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey stuff, ostensibly for

-the purpose of making cartridges. The whole “outfit”

-was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns

-and the powder was no doubt a good thing with which

-to go squirrel hunting, but was little better than so

-much sawdust for artillery use. It will be readily understood

-that at this time the Cleveland Light Artillery

-was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage

-to the Southern Confederacy.</p>

-

-<p>The men had no clothing except that which they

-had brought from home. Few had a change of garments,

-as it was understood when they left Cleveland that they

-would be amply supplied. They could rub along a while

-with what clothes they had but they must have “grub”—that

-was in the nature of a prime and fundamental

-necessity. Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</span>

-but it didn’t go a long way in satisfying the cravings

-of an empty stomach. Appeals to the authorities were

-in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a contract

-with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the

-command. There was nothing else to be done, and it

-is just to the authorities to say that this bill was finally

-allowed and paid by the state. It is also fair to Mr.

-Hall to say that he carried out his contract in good faith,

-furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin

-for grumbling.</p>

-

-<p>The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was

-named “Camp Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic

-citizen of Marietta who was a direct descendant of Gen.

-Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary fame. The

-men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or two

-later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme.

-The kindness and hospitality of the citizens

-were conspicuous. No effort was spared to make the

-boys as comfortable as possible. But even under these

-favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that they

-were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good

-deal for their country. When they came to experience

-the real hardships of active service in the field they

-looked back with unutterable yearnings to the idle weeks

-that were largely spent in playing euchre and “old

-sledge” at Camp Putnam.</p>

-

-<p>Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and

-of the post of Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline

-and daily drills rapidly increased the efficiency

-of the command. Early efforts were made to secure a

-supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked up

-at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were

-no shells or canister, and the solid shot were not only

-wrong in size but they were not round and could not

-have been thrown with any degree of precision. Colonel

-Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a quantity

-of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged

-the use of a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</span>

-work turning sabots, and a laboratory was fitted up

-where cartridges were made and the sabots were properly

-strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work was performed

-by the members of the regiment. Many of them

-were excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and

-willing. Such men can do anything. The ladies of

-Marietta offered their services, glad of the opportunity to

-do something for the cause of the Union. Since the first

-tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint and

-preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly

-in excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody

-had been hurt yet, and a million or two of women

-all over the North had been engaged in the work. Now

-there was a chance for the matrons and maidens of

-Marietta to render assistance in another very practical

-way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured

-and immediately a hundred fair hands were at work,

-plying scissors and needle, in making cartridge-bags.

-The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a wonderfully

-short time they had finished enough to last for months.

-The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at

-Columbus was exchanged for cannon powder, and the

-artillery began to look more like business. This homemade

-ammunition was largely used in target practice,

-which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness.

-Day after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery,

-as the boys sighted their guns at the targets and

-imagined themselves hurling the whistling missiles

-through solid battalions of rebels.</p>

-

-<p>It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing

-and camp and garrison equipage were received.

-About the middle of May, Captain O. M. Poe, of the Corps

-of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by Gen.

-George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery

-with a view to its being ready for service, at a

-moment’s notice. Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly

-pleased with the command and the drill, discipline and

-soldierly bearing of its members. He assured Colonel<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</span>

-Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped without

-further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at

-length there would be something besides mere promises.

-A few days later this was partially realized by the arrival

-of a quantity of clothing, which made the men

-feel more like soldiers, even though it was shoddy—and

-very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the

-garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two

-of wear was sufficient to finish them. They had to be

-thrown aside out of a decent regard for the usages and

-proprieties of civilized people. While wearing these

-clothes the men would break for their quarters and hide

-themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came

-a lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds.

-These were heartily welcomed, as the boys had been

-forced to make all sorts of shifts, with such articles as

-were kindly furnished them by the people of Marietta.</p>

-

-<p>About this time another idea appears to have effected

-a lodgment in the minds of the authorities at Columbus,

-and that was that horses were quite essential for field

-artillery. A stirring up by Gen. McClellan caused a

-dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing and directing

-him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or

-“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really

-was—by purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta.

-A day later came the following, which will be of interest

-as a relic of the early days of the war:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="center">Adjutant General’s Office,</p>

-<p class="right">Columbus, May 25, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">Special Order No. 244.</p>

-

-<p>Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you

-have not previously acted upon telegram sent this evening,

-you will purchase for your battery 76 horses, upon

-the best terms you can, putting them under the best

-discipline for prompt action.</p>

-

-<p>From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected

-that you can purchase for a sum not to exceed

-from 75 to 110 dollars each. The army limit I understand<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</span>

-to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at these

-times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to

-whom you have letters and report your proposals by

-telegraph.</p>

-

-<p>By order of Commander-in-Chief,</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Adjutant General.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the

-sum of $10,000 was placed to his credit by the State of

-Ohio, in a Marietta bank, out of which the horses were

-to be paid for as fast as purchased. On the same day

-the above order was received, came also the following

-telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of

-excitement and caused a wild rush into the region round

-about to look for horses:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="center">Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,</p>

-<p class="right">Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to

-me when ready for service.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Major General U. S. A.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the

-battery were immediately sent out to scour the country.

-Whenever a suitable animal was found that could be

-bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel Barnett

-was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the

-sort of animal purchased and the price that had been

-agreed upon. These orders were promptly paid by

-Colonel Barnett with checks upon the bank. A few

-sample orders are given below. They were written on

-cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd

-bits of paper of every variety of size, shape and color:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="no-indent">

-Col. Barnett,<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one

-daple gray horse.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-F. W. Pelton.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</span></p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="no-indent">

-Col. Barnett,<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy

-dollars ($170) for one sorril gelding and one sorril

-mare.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-John Newton.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="no-indent">

-To Col. Barnett,<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars

-in Ohio money for one iron grey horse, weight eleven

-hundred, six years old, fifteen hands high, wich we ar

-a going to keep with us. Sargt. Gruninger want to keep

-him to ride and send the livery horse home.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-T. R. Wells.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="no-indent">

-Col. James Barnett,<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars

-for two sorrel mairs, 160$.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-Henry Faring.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>These orders, besides being of historical interest, go

-to show that correct orthography is not essential to the

-purest and loftiest patriotism. The “mairs” for which

-the last order was given were accepted, although of the

-wrong sex to comply with army regulations, which requires

-that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery

-service shall be of the masculine gender. Only

-males, of the equine as well as the human race, are considered

-to be fit for war.</p>

-

-<p>Within two days the required number of horses was

-obtained. All hands were busy “breaking them in” to

-their new sphere of usefulness. Trained horses are only

-second in value to trained men for artillery service.

-When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference

-in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear

-to have a plentiful supply of “sand” and display

-an intelligent courage that is almost heroic, while others

-become sadly demoralized under fire and are totally unmanageable.</p>

-

-<p>Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns

-into the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland

-Light Artillery was to participate. Something fresh in

-this line was circulated through the camp every hour.

-No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned later<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</span>

-to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody

-in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had

-a consuming desire to do something that would help to

-put down the rebellion. Like all new troops, at every

-stage of the war, they were impressed with the idea that

-their mission was to fight somebody, and they chafed at

-the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be

-strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to

-test the truth of the somewhat apocryphal statement

-that “it is sweet to die for one’s country,” it may safely

-be recorded that they were eager to go on the war-path,

-and as to the rest they were willing to take the

-chances. An order to move was daily expected and the

-utmost activity prevailed in the work of getting everything

-in perfect readiness to respond at once to the

-summons.</p>

-

-<p>By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta,

-consisting of the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel

-James B. Steadman, and the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers,

-Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth had been drilling

-for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It came

-with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for

-service. The Eighteenth had not yet received arms and

-equipments, but these were promised at an early day.

-In those days a regiment of infantry meant a thousand

-men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred,

-such as were common later in the war, when the ranks

-had been decimated by disease and the deadly storm of

-battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached Marietta on the

-24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.</p>

-

-<p>The rumors of forward movements at length assumed

-definite form. It became known that a campaign was

-about to begin across the river in Western Virginia. On

-May 27th the following dispatch was received:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">

-Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply<span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</span>

-him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers

-and men.</p>

-

-<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Major General.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat

-to Parkersburg, Virginia—the state of West Virginia

-had not then been formed—being the first Union force

-to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took possession

-without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It

-was now reasonably certain that the artillery would

-very soon follow to take part in the campaign. Every

-man was directed to hold himself ready to be up and

-away at a moment’s notice.</p>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</span></p>

-

-<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_III">CHAPTER III.<br>

-<span class="smcap fs70">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</span></h2>

-</div>

-

-<p>Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of

-glory disturbed the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam

-during the night of May 27th. Nor were they far out of

-the way, for before another sunset, part of the artillery

-would be en route for “the front.” Early on the morning

-of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett

-a dispatch which read as follows:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>Send immediately to this place two companies of

-artillery, with their pieces, horses, and three hundred

-rounds of ammunition.</p>

-

-<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing

-Colonel Steadman that the battery was entirely destitute

-of ammunition for field service. A supply was hourly

-expected and upon its arrival the detachment would be

-sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the afternoon

-Colonel Steadman replied as follows:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>If you can send two of your companies with their

-pieces do so at once. The presence of the men and guns

-will have a good effect. Send forward as many of the

-Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed and equipped.

-I want them to garrison this place. These are General

-McClellan’s instructions.</p>

-

-<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams

-from all sources, among which were the following:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</span>

-rounds of canister will be shipped to you from Columbus

-this evening. As soon as you receive it detach two

-pieces with an officer and complement of men with ammunition

-to go forward and report to Col. Steadman at

-the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad

-beyond Parkersburg.</p>

-

-<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Major General.</p>

-</div>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>

-<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>

-

-<p>Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan.

-Telegraph me when you move a company. Keep me advised

-of all your movements. Clothing and supplies go

-by your Quartermaster.</p>

-

-<p class="right">H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Adjutant General.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a

-continual fever of excitement, which grew hotter every

-hour. In reply to Colonel Steadman’s second dispatch

-Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the substance of General

-McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the two

-companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam

-was greatly disturbed by the question as to which

-two of the six companies should constitute this detachment.

-All were eager to go, apparently saddened by the

-thought that this, their first, might be their last, and

-only chance to get an experimental knowledge of what

-war was. The military career of the four companies

-which stayed behind would terminate in an inglorious

-journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning

-their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D,

-Captain Rice, and F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate

-ones. They were ordered to be ready to embark early on

-the following day. The detachment was placed in command

-of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.</p>

-

-<p>The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies

-D and F, with their guns, horses, and equipments

-complete, were soon on board a special steamboat and left

-in high spirits, replying with great gusts to the parting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</span>

-cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained. On

-reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve

-miles down the river from Marietta, it was found that

-Colonel Steadman, to whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges

-had been ordered to report with the detachment, had advanced

-some distance beyond that place on the line of the

-Baltimore &amp; Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged

-in repairing bridges which the retreating enemy

-had destroyed. The artillery detachment pushed on

-promptly and joined him May 30—12 M. At last they

-were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to send

-the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia

-hills. The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen

-a rousing reception, greeting them with loud and

-oft-repeated cheers.</p>

-

-<p>At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command

-of the rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with

-his headquarters at Grafton. The loyal sentiment in

-Western Virginia was very strong. Those who favored

-secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed

-of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy

-the territory as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording

-encouragement and protection to the loyal people

-and holding that section from being dragged into the

-vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the great

-majority of the people.</p>

-

-<p>The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to

-retain possession to recruit their armies, secure the

-supplies which the country afforded, and bring every possible

-influence to bear upon the people to induce them to

-cast their fortunes with the South. To this end Colonel

-Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior

-to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a

-high-flown proclamation to the people of Western Virginia.

-In sounding phrase he called upon them to stand

-by their state and urged them to fill up the Confederate

-ranks and assist in protecting their firesides from the

-ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</span>

-of Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated

-“Yankees,” though it took every drop of blood in his

-veins. A few days later he and such of his soldiers as

-were not killed or captured were leaving tracks behind

-them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape

-from their blue-coated pursuers.</p>

-

-<p>General McClellan was in command of all the Union

-forces in that department. He planned the campaign

-and directed the movements that were so successful during

-the early days of the war. The services rendered by

-the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of inestimable

-value to the government, even though the

-amount of blood actually shed on either side was not

-large when compared with the copious streams that reddened

-the earth before the war was finished. The

-“battles” of those days would have ranked only as

-skirmishes when the great conflict was at its height,

-when mighty armies met and thousands upon thousands

-were slain or wounded in a single day. But history has

-justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to

-arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry

-saved Western Virginia to the Union. In this

-campaign the Cleveland Light Artillery bore a most

-honorable part and deserved the high praise which was

-so freely accorded to it.</p>

-

-<p>The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment

-of the Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced

-rapidly along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, moving

-by train with occasional stops for the repair of bridges

-and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished

-that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached,

-about eighty miles east of Parkersburg. There

-was occasional skirmishing on the way, and a few prisoners

-were picked up, but no action of moment took place.

-The enemy retreated at all points before the advance

-of the Union force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied,

-without loss of life, by a force under Colonel B. F. Kelley,

-First Virginia (Union) Volunteers, which made a rapid<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</span>

-movement from Wheeling and secured a safe lodgment

-at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad

-haste upon its approach.</p>

-

-<p>The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg

-and Grafton fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles

-south of Grafton. Here they made a stand and announced

-their determination to fight. It was at once

-decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate

-advance of the Union forces upon that place was

-ordered. It was desirable to again strike the enemy

-before he should have time to fortify and otherwise

-strengthen his position. The rebel commander was calling

-loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of

-the utmost importance to keep him on the run before his

-force should be so augmented as to outnumber the Union

-troops. The greatest energy was displayed in the movement

-on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies of the

-Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of

-the Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster,

-within 12 miles of Grafton, and the nearest point to

-Philippi. To reach the latter, a rapid march of fifteen

-miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved

-from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery

-in command of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At

-the same time another column was advancing on Philippi

-from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The whole expedition

-was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,

-Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General

-McClellan.</p>

-

-<p>It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see

-what has become of the four companies of the artillery

-which remained grumbling in Camp Putnam when

-Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment to

-join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long

-to wait. One more night in camp, and then came a summons

-that electrified them. The four companies, with all

-the goods, chattels and other appurtenances thereto belonging,

-embarked on a steamboat and went with all speed<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</span>

-to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river opposite

-Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five

-miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders

-set their feet for the first time within the confines

-of Dixie’s Land. Barnett reported to General Morris

-and was directed to move his command at once by

-rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to

-the column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon

-Philippi. The infantry force consisted of portions of

-Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia, the North Indiana,

-Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel Irvine.

-This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles

-east of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi

-was to be made. The route was four or five miles longer

-than that to be traversed by the co-operating force to

-advance from Webster.</p>

-

-<p>General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing

-the details of the movement, dated Grafton,

-June 2d, 1861: You must regulate your march according

-to your own discretion, and your bivouac or rest at

-night in such manner that you are sure of coming before

-the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning

-as possible. Should you this evening receive certain

-information that the rebels have retreated eastward

-from Philippi, you will make the resting time of your

-troops as short as possible, in order to follow them up

-with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.</p>

-

-<p>The right attacking column was under the command

-of Colonel Dumont, Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to

-which the force of Steadman had been joined, with part

-of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The following

-is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="center">Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,</p>

-

-<p class="right">Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent">Colonel Dumont,</p>

-<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,<br>

-<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Va.:</span></p>

-

-<p>Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</span>

-at 8:30 o’clock to Webster with eight companies of your

-regiment. At Webster you will be Joined by Colonel

-Steadman with five companies of his regiment and two

-field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel Crittenden

-with six companies of his regiment. From Webster you

-will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your

-own discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in

-view that you should arrive in front of the town at 4

-o’clock precisely tomorrow morning.</p>

-

-<p>Information is received that the rebels are in some

-force at Philippi. The object of your column will be to

-divert attention until the attack is made by Colonel

-Kelley, and should resistance be offered you are to aid

-him to the extent of your ability. In the conduct of your

-column you must use your discretion, being governed

-by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by

-Colonel Kelley the whole force will be under his command.</p>

-

-<p>The companies of your command will take two full

-days’ rations. Should you receive instructions from

-Colonel Kelley that the rebels have retreated, you will

-join him at once and act under his command.</p>

-

-<p>By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:</p>

-

-<p class="right">JOHN A. STEIN.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-Acting Assistant Adjutant General.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>The intention was to surprise the rebels and the

-movement was admirably planned and carried out to

-effect this result. This force, leaving after dark, had

-reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in advance

-of any information from their friends and, as events

-proved, did so. The advance was favored by the extreme

-darkness of the night and a continuous fall of rain.

-These circumstances contributed in no small degree to

-the complete success of the expedition, but they were

-rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first

-march under such dismal conditions.</p>

-

-<p>All night, through the darkness and drenching rain,

-the two columns pushed on, over roads so rough and

-muddy that they were in some places almost impassable

-to artillery. It was only by the aid of the men who

-swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to the

-wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</span>

-and caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism

-indeed. They tried bravely to keep up their spirits as

-they trudged along through mud and water and stumbled

-over the roots and stumps and stones that lay in their

-pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see

-his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the

-poetry and romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness

-and completeness that was paralyzing. Most of

-these men “followed the flag” during the long years of

-war. They passed through many such unspeakably

-wretched nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed

-to equal in misery those weary hours of floundering

-through the mire, with benumbed limbs and soaked and

-dripping garments during that night march to Philippi.</p>

-

-<p>There was no postponement of the engagement on

-account of the weather, and promptly at the appointed

-hour, 4 a. m., the two columns were in communication

-before the town. Like most of the so-called “towns” in

-the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place,

-though the county seat of Barbour county. It had a

-shabby courthouse, a still more shabby hotel, a few

-houses in which the Philippians lived, and a name—that

-was all.</p>

-

-<p>The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly

-and carefully made, with the object of capturing the

-entire rebel force, whatever it might be. At daylight

-the troops, which had nearly surrounded the town in

-order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different

-directions to spring the trap that had been set.

-The early morning visitation was a complete surprise

-to the rebels. There were a few sleepy pickets posted

-at isolated points, several of which were taken in before

-they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of

-them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off

-their guns and then break for the town. This alarmed

-the main body of the Confederate forces and in an instant

-the direst confusion prevailed. Colonel Porterfield

-and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</span>

-were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily

-throwing on their clothes they quickly mounted their

-horses and dashed around endeavoring to learn what the

-trouble was all about.</p>

-

-<p>The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels

-of the retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told

-the rebels that they must fight or run and that the decision

-must be made at once. In the light of subsequent

-evidence it may be considered likely that Colonel Porterfield

-was willing to fight, but the Confederate soldiers

-deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not

-upon the order of their going but went at once and with

-the utmost precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,”

-to use a word that was current in war times.</p>

-

-<p>The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use

-their guns and they made the most of it, to the extent of

-sixteen rounds. Although sharing fully in the wild excitement

-of the first meeting with the enemy they served

-their pieces with a coolness and skill that elicited from

-those in command words of the highest praise. (It is

-a matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of

-one soldier, the first casualty by artillery fire in the field

-done by the Union forces, but it is undeniably true that

-the roar of their guns and the plunging shot greatly

-aided in demoralizing the rebels and accelerating the

-speed with which they sought a safe place far in the

-rear.)</p>

-

-<p>The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the

-efforts of their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They

-had barely time to get away, and left behind them a large

-quantity of supplies and material of war which had

-been collected. The rear end of the disorganized rebel

-procession had not disappeared when Colonel Kelley’s

-column came in sight. His advance dashed after the

-enemy, himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish.

-It did not last long, however, as the rebels fled

-out of range at the earliest possible moment. None of

-the Union soldiers were killed. A few were wounded,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</span>

-and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received

-a pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from

-duty for some weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing

-foe was impossible, owing to the extremely exhausted

-condition of the men after their all-night march in the

-storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off

-at a speed that defied successful competition. The command

-of the Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.</p>

-

-<p>The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had

-been living in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good

-breakfast had been prepared for them by “mine host,”

-but the latter suddenly found himself entertaining unbidden

-and wholly unexpected guests. The inordinate

-haste with which the rebel commander and his official

-family evacuated the town would not permit them to

-partake of that breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly

-thankful hearts—and stomachs—by a company

-of Union officers.</p>

-

-<p>The following is an extract from the official report of

-the affair, made to General McClellan by General

-Morris:</p>

-

-<p>“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely

-surprised, as the reports of those engaged in the

-attack attest. The failure to capture the entire rebel

-force can only be attributed to the storm during the

-night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call forth

-an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism

-of officers and men was as truly displayed in a march

-of fifteen miles in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and

-over a mountainous country as in the irresistible attack

-and hot pursuit of the discomfited enemy. The last five

-miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in one hour

-and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the

-road. Others threw away their haversacks and provisions

-to keep up, rushing forward with a determination

-that showed what spirit animated the command. I

-regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</span>

-the two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the

-time assigned for their meeting. An able reconnoissance

-in advance of Colonel Dumont’s column was made by

-Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly accepted,

-and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly

-indebted. The immediate direction of the artillery was

-confided to him. After the bridge was taken he pressed

-forward and joined Colonel Kelley, rode into the enemy’s

-ranks and captured the prisoner reported to have shot

-Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining

-the Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching

-the man, who was a noted secessionist and a quartermaster

-of the rebel forces.</p>

-

-<p>“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason

-of the fall of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will

-perceive there is much difficulty in making an accurate

-statement of the enemy’s losses. The killed are estimated

-at from fifteen to forty, which were carried off it

-is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to

-the pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp

-equipage, provisions, arms, wagons, horses and medical

-stores were captured, an inventory of which will be made

-as soon as possible.”</p>

-

-<p>When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle”

-and the creditable manner in which the “boys” had

-acquitted themselves, they were regarded as the heroes

-of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude. It was

-Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens felt

-a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their

-representatives in almost the first engagement of the

-war.</p>

-

-<p>That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary

-was not the fault of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had

-stayed no doubt there would have been a warm engagement.

-It takes two parties to get up a fight, and when

-one of them “runs away” in order that he may

-“live to fight another day,” there is no alternative but

-to postpone the battle until that day comes around. But<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</span>

-it was a clear and unquestionable victory, if it wasn’t

-a very big one. It was memorable as being the first

-field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War.

-It was hailed through the North with loud

-acclaim. The newspapers teemed with praise of

-the gallant men who won it, and the mails were burdened

-with letters of congratulation and compliment

-from friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers

-from the North had that endurance and pluck of

-which soldiers are made; it did much to prick the bubble

-of idle boasting that one Southern man could whip five

-“Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was

-the Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some

-people believed, after Philippi, that the war was about

-over. Some of the victorious blue-coats thought so and

-they felt an exceeding great joy that they had been

-permitted to participate in the action that was the death-blow

-to the rebellion.</p>

-

-<p>The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere

-was only equaled by the apprehension and alarm in the

-South that were caused by even so trifling a defeat as

-this. Especially was this true of the Confederate forces

-in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an almost

-hopeless state of demoralization. One point after

-another was being seized and held by the Union troops;

-regiments from Ohio and Indiana were hurrying forward

-to reinforce them, and there seemed little hope of being

-able to dislodge them from that part of the state. After

-the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent to

-the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing

-the Confederate cause in that section to be in a

-desperate condition, and urging immediate and decisive

-steps to reorganize and reinforce the army, unless Western

-Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It

-will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts

-from the correspondence which took place at this time

-between rebel officials in Western Virginia and at Richmond.

-Under date of June 6th, 1861, Major M. G. Harman,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</span>

-commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert

-E. Lee:</p>

-

-<p>“From all the information that I have received I am

-pained to have to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield

-is entirely unequal to the position which he occupies.

-The affair at Philippi was a disgraceful surprise,

-occurring about daylight, there being no picket or guard

-of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that our men

-were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were

-only aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the

-Northwest and of our inexperienced soldiers depends

-upon an immediate change of commanders, and giving

-the command to a bold and experienced leader. * * *

-* * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain

-possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from

-you authority to call out and arm the companies from

-all the valley counties and send them to that quarter

-instead of their going, as heretofore directed, to their

-different rendezvous. Send up five thousand flint-lock

-muskets from Richmond and I will have them overhauled

-and put in order for use.”</p>

-

-<p>On the same day Major Harman sent a communication

-to Colonel Porterfield in which he said:</p>

-

-<p>“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied

-by cavalry and infantry, which will be joined by

-other troops on the way and the whole force will report

-to you at Beverly. On the day following from two to

-three thousand troops will be sent to you by President

-Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic

-dispatch from the Commander-in-Chief of our army,

-saying: “Send a messenger to tell Colonel Porterfield to

-be valiant and maintain his ground until relief reaches

-him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having received

-no official communication from you, but learning

-from private sources, since the disaster to our arms at

-Philippi, that you are almost without ammunition, I

-have determined to send you a supply by express.”</p>

-

-<p>When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</span>

-not stop running until they reached Huttonsville, nearly

-forty miles southward, and near Beverly, in Randolph

-county. From his headquarters there Porterfield wrote

-on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant General

-of the Virginia forces at Richmond:</p>

-

-<p>“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant,

-both officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the

-soldier. With efficient drill officers they might be made

-effective; but I have to complain that the field officers

-sent to command these men are of no assistance to me,

-and are, for the most part, as ignorant of their duties

-as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the

-men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good

-staff officers may be sent me to aid in organizing this

-raw force, than which there is none more so now in the

-service. * * * It is necessary that at least five

-thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the

-enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not

-soon sent it will be impossible to keep the open field,

-even as a mere corps of observation, but we will have

-to retire to the mountains, where it will be most difficult,

-if not impossible, to provision even this small

-force.”</p>

-

-<p>On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett

-and asked for a chance to redeem himself:</p>

-

-<p>“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported

-to have about five thousand men and are fortifying

-themselves. The same number are said to be at

-Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said

-to be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed

-at different points on the railroads. * * * A

-regiment from Tennessee is expected here tomorrow,

-having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of

-heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders

-should be sent to this country until some position is

-selected to be fortified and a strong and reliable infantry

-force is sent to support it. * * * The percussion

-caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</span>

-shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements

-are now expected, and we shall have active

-service in this part of the state, I desire to be continued

-on duty here. It was not until after repeated

-calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force

-entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty

-elsewhere.”</p>

-

-<p>But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have

-any more Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of

-commanders. On June 13th General Lee wrote from

-Richmond to Porterfield, informing him that Garnett

-had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been

-sent to take command in Northwestern Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the

-conduct of Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which

-led to the inglorious defeat and rout of the Confederate

-force. The court made an exhaustive investigation and

-submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy report thereupon.

-A few extracts from this document will be read with

-interest by those who had a hand in the game:</p>

-

-<p>“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at

-between daybreak and sunrise, this command was attacked

-and taken by surprise; no alarm or intimation

-of the enemy’s approach having been given by the

-guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within

-some four hundred yards of the place, and had commenced

-the fire from his artillery. It is shown that a

-main and picket guard, as strong as was consistent with

-the effective infantry force present, was regularly detailed

-and posted at distances sufficiently far out to

-accomplish the object in view, provided they knew and

-did their duty, which latter is strongly to be suspected,

-from the fact that, although in advance, they failed to

-give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a conclusion

-which is strengthened by the report of the mounted

-officers out with the scouting parties on the night of

-June 2nd, that they had neither seen an infantry picket

-nor been challenged by its sentinels, going from or returning<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</span>

-to the town that night. It appears that immediately

-upon the arrival of the command at Philippi

-the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures

-to place his force, which was raw and new in

-service, under a course of instruction, and to select

-those in his opinion best fitted to instruct the sentinels

-and guards in their duties. The testimony shows that,

-while there was a certain degree of confusion in some

-quarters, a portion of the command moved from the

-town in good order, and that the whole force, nearly,

-after passing some distance, was reformed and proceeded

-in order.</p>

-

-<p>“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of

-attack or movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was

-generally entertained among the officers and others of

-the command, and that intelligence (how well founded

-is not known) was brought from time to time of the

-strength and supposed intent of the enemy.</p>

-

-<p>“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced

-its effect as to induce the officer in command to

-call a meeting of his officers; that the result of their

-consultations and deliberations was an almost if not entirely

-unanimous decision in favor of immediate retreat;

-that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room

-(from which he had been absent a short time), their

-opinion was conveyed to him, to which he seemed loath

-to accede; yet, determined to make a further examination

-of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the

-baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”</p>

-

-<p>Here follow several points in which, according to the

-judgment of this court, the commanding officer “erred.”

-General R. E. Lee, in reviewing the case, approved the

-finding of the court and said:</p>

-

-<p>“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon

-the coolness, self-possession, courage and energy displayed

-by Colonel Porterfield at the moment of attack;

-but he cannot exonerate him from blame in not taking

-proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</span>

-consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he

-does not think it necessary to do more than to express

-the opinion of the court, in the hope that the sad effects

-produced by the want of forethought and vigilance,

-exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered

-by the army throughout the war.”</p>

-

-<p>After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction.

-The available Union force was not deemed sufficient to

-make a further advance without too great risk of defeat,

-which would put in imminent jeopardy all the advantage

-that had been gained. For a month the troops lay quietly

-at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard the

-bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters

-of the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but

-the companies were scattered, some of them, with their

-guns, doing duty with the bridge guards. There were

-constant rumors of active service ahead and of impending

-attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to

-have any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without

-any of “war’s alarms” of a serious nature.</p>

-

-<p>During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise

-became a prominent factor in Confederate operations in

-Western Virginia. At the head of a considerable force

-he threatened an attack upon Philippi. As the Fourth of

-July drew near a report came to be currently believed

-that on that day he would attempt to retake the place.

-All arrangements possible for defense were made.

-Neither officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about

-fortifying, in the art of which they became so skilled at

-a later day, but some rude works had been thrown up

-which promised to be serviceable and “handy” in case

-of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery

-were kept in position where it was thought they might

-do the most good if there came a rebel visitation. A

-strong and vigilant picket guard was maintained to prevent

-anything in the nature of a surprise.</p>

-

-<p>Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing.

-Especially was this true of the members of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</span>

-Cleveland Artillery. Much of the wretchedly poor,

-shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam had

-literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags.

-Some of them went around during those warm July

-days with only drawers to cover the nakedness of their

-nether limbs. They looked more like a congregation of

-beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged in the

-work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the

-“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms

-of the closest intimacy with them. Probably not one

-in twenty of these innocent young men had ever seen

-one of these things before. Most of them did not even

-know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the

-wide and variegated realm of animated nature. But it

-did not take them long to become extensively acquainted

-with him.</p>

-

-<p>Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious

-Fourth” drew near, and although the American Eagle

-seemed to be in a bad way just then, it was determined

-to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether or not

-Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding

-their dilapidated condition the members of the artillery

-entered into the matter with great gusto. The arrangements

-were made by a committee consisting of Colonels

-Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana, Lieutenant

-Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook,

-Ninth Ohio, Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and

-others. During the month previous the Union forces

-had been augmented by several additional regiments, as

-designated above.</p>

-

-<p>An elaborate program was made out, which included

-speeches, music, both vocal and instrumental, and, of

-course, the reading of that patriotic but somewhat musty

-and dusty old document, the Declaration of Independence.

-This always has been, and probably always will

-be, considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July

-celebration, under any and all circumstances, although

-nobody ever listens to it, or can remember, five minutes<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</span>

-after a single word of what it contains. In casting

-about for a person who could read this ponderous paper

-with fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee

-decided upon Warren P. Edgarton, then a private of

-Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery, who had won

-some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly

-detailed for this duty.</p>

-

-<p>Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition

-of his wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of,

-and half the time was running around camp with only

-a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers. He had a fine

-physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and

-eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was

-three sizes too small, and when he crowded himself into

-it he looked and felt like a woman wearing a tightly

-laced corset; so that he didn’t put it on except on state

-occasions, when his usual <em>negligee</em> uniform would be

-considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.

-He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too

-large for even his substantial and well-developed feet,

-in which he would go sloshing around camp. At night

-he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there wasn’t

-room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody

-out. He wore on his head a little cap which, never

-within an inch of his size, had so shrunk and shriveled

-under the demoralizing influence of sun and storm that

-it only lay upon the top of his head, looking not much

-bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling

-and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of

-raging patriots and read the Declaration of Independence.</p>

-

-<p>Something had to be done to get him into presentable

-shape for the occasion. The honor and credit of the

-Artillery were at stake. It would be an insult to the

-“Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a half-naked tatterdemalion

-to get up and pronounce the thundering sentences

-of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain

-Rice and others whose pride was stirred began to forage<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</span>

-through the town for some clothes that would adorn

-Edgarton’s shapely form and redound to the credit of

-the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was

-found after a long search and the owner consented to

-loan it for the occasion. This was supplemented by

-broadcloth trousers, a hat belonging to one of the officers

-and a pair of fancy, high-heeled boots. The latter

-one of the boys had brought along from home, with a

-vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting

-down the rebellion. They were not large enough for

-Edgarton’s feet, but he contrived to squeeze into them

-at the last moment and to endure their pinching while

-he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”</p>

-

-<p>There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy

-of the Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia

-were not a literary folk, and few of them appeared

-ever to have heard of it. At length a copy was found,

-in a musty law book at the courthouse.</p>

-

-<p>Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he

-mounted the platform. This was followed by general

-laughter at his unique appearance. Such another “makeup”

-was never seen in the army, before nor since, in this

-or any other country. But he read the Declaration of

-Independence in fine style and was tremendously

-cheered. Lieutenant Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth

-Ohio, followed with an admirable address; the

-bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic songs were

-sung; and the celebration was a great success. The

-rebel General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered

-with the carrying out of the program.</p>

-

-<p>No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly

-and satisfactorily celebrated than the troops were directed

-to prepare at once for another campaign. On

-July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi, received

-orders to advance early the following day, occupy

-Belington, fifteen miles southward, and menace the

-enemy, who was in strong position at Laurel Hill, near

-that place. The movement was made promptly, according<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</span>

-to the plan. The writer has before him a yellow,

-ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from

-Philippi. It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel

-Hill,” and announces the following order of the procession,

-the words in brackets being supplied for explanatory

-purposes:</p>

-

-<p class="center">

-First Virginia, four companies.<br>

-Milroy [Ninth Indiana].<br>

-Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>

-Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>

-Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>

-Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]<br>

-First Virginia, two companies.<br>

-Dumont [Seventh Indiana].<br>

-Headquarters<br>

-Fulton<br>

-Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].<br>

-Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].<br>

-Ammunition wagons.<br>

-Band.<br>

-Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>It will be observed that both front and rear were well

-protected by artillery. The commanding general prudently

-sandwiched his headquarters in the center of the

-column. We must also admire the tender solicitude

-for the safety of the band, as shown by its position as

-far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns

-and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.</p>

-

-<p>The march was begun about midnight. The movement

-was rapid and at daylight the skirmishers struck the

-rebel pickets near Belington. A section of the artillery

-was immediately ordered to the front and a few shells

-were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most demoralizing

-effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported,

-quickly pushed the pickets back to the main line,

-which was strongly fortified. Some of the pickets

-showed fight at first and there was a brisk skirmish, in

-which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first casualty.

-George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket

-ball in the groin. He received every possible attention<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</span>

-and as soon as circumstances would permit was sent to

-the rear. He finally reached his home in Cleveland but

-never fully recovered, dying from the effects of his

-wound, a few years later. He was the first man from

-Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.</p>

-

-<p>When the artillery was ordered to move there was the

-greatest activity in preparing for the impending campaign.

-The men were exceedingly anxious to acquit

-themselves with credit, and spared no pains to make the

-battery as effective as possible. The ammunition was

-carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were

-polished until they shone like mirrors. The men were

-“hard up” for clothing, the supply having been exceedingly

-limited—scanty in quantity and poor in quality.

-Every effort had been made to procure better supplies

-but without success. The state authorities and the

-United States government appeared to be about equally

-neglectful of the needs of the soldiers. Rations were

-generally good and sufficient, and there was little cause

-for complaint on that score.</p>

-

-<p>Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with

-excellent effect. The years of instruction and drill at

-home proved a most valuable school. The skill of the

-gunners in training their pieces and timing shells was

-such as to win for them the warmest commendations.

-The members of the infantry regiment formed a strong

-attachment for the artillerymen. They had an abiding

-faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s cannon, and when engaged

-in any movement seemed to be doubly confident

-if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.</p>

-

-<p>The order from General McClellan to General Morris

-was to avoid delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible,

-but to firmly press the enemy at all points and hold him

-in his works, until the co-operating column under General

-Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and

-rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain

-and after a hot fight completely routed them, capturing

-many prisoners and a large quantity of material of war.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</span>

-The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain and the prompt

-advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel position

-at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned

-it in great haste.</p>

-

-<p>During the few days that the troops under General

-Morris lay at Belington there was constant skirmishing

-with the enemy. Day and night all were kept on the

-alert, and the whistle of bullets began to be a familiar

-sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were advantageously

-posted and were brought into occasional

-use. The men were constantly at their posts. Now and

-then a shell or a solid shot would be sent over to the

-rebels, just to let them know that the “Yankees” were

-still there and wide awake. In an official report dated

-“Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General

-Morris says:</p>

-

-<p>“The instructions of the commanding general will be

-carried out, although it is difficult to restrain our men

-from advancing. I hardly know in what terms to convey

-to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness under such

-fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our

-arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond

-all question, if proof were needed, that they can

-be relied upon in any emergency. The regiments in advance

-are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana, Barnett’s Artillery,

-Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh Indiana,

-all of which deserve special mention.”</p>

-

-<p>On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington

-and Laurel Hill during the day and night previous,

-General Morris moved in pursuit. The following

-is an extract from a report made by him dated “Carrick’s

-Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:</p>

-

-<p>“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the

-forces of my command in pursuit of the enemy retreating

-from Laurel Hill. The pursuit was continued

-through the day in the same order as stated in my report

-of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth

-Ohio in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</span>

-next Dumont’s Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana.

-These regiments started in pursuit from our

-resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock in

-the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the

-march by 5 o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced

-about 6 o’clock, which by 9 became quite heavy.

-The enemy left the main turnpike and turned towards

-Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain

-over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy

-rain the roads were rendered very difficult for the men

-and the few wagons of ammunition and provisions. By

-11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and

-so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains

-becoming almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the

-whole command was up in the position we now occupy.</p>

-

-<p>“The attention of the commanding general is particularly

-called to the gallant bearing of the infantry and

-artillery which led the advance. I would also call attention

-to the fact that the entire command commenced the

-pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time to prepare

-even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered

-four wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to

-follow the command. These four wagons, with the little

-additional rations put in with the ammunition, are all

-the provisions the command has had since leaving Belington,

-except some beeves procured in this vicinity.</p>

-

-<p>“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty

-miles. When it is considered that we have put to flight

-a force equal to our own, and have pursued the rebels

-night and day for thirty hours, almost without provisions,

-over a mountainous and difficult road, and part

-of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel

-sure that our cause must be successfully maintained by

-men who show such gallant bearing and soldierly endurance.”</p>

-

-<p>Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at

-Carrick’s Ford, which resulted in the utter defeat and

-rout of the rebels. Their commander, General Garnett,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</span>

-was among the killed. The story of this important engagement

-cannot be more concisely told than by giving

-almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham,

-who was in immediate command of the Union

-force. The report was made to General Morris:</p>

-

-<p>“In accordance with your directions, I this morning

-took command of the advance guard of your column, consisting

-of the Fourteenth Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with

-one section of Barnett’s Artillery, the Seventh Indiana,

-Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel Milroy,

-in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed,

-I started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to

-pursue the army of General Garnett, which, consisting,

-as we learned, of 4,000 to 5,000 men and four to six

-cannon, had retreated from the north side of Laurel

-mountain near Belington the day before yesterday.

-It being ascertained that the enemy had retired toward

-the village of New Interest and thence, as was supposed,

-over a mountain road leading to the Shafer Fork, or

-main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George. The

-troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so

-as to reach the entrance of the mountain road—about

-seven miles march—at 6 o’clock. A short distance after

-entering this path the passage was found to be obstructed

-by large trees, recently felled, in about twelve

-to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or

-four miles. Information was from time to time received

-that this force, which had some fifteen hours the start

-of us from Belington, was now only four to five miles

-in advance. This encouraged our efforts, and though

-for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in torrents

-and the clayey roads were in many places almost

-impassable, the spirit of the troops, without exception,

-as it came under my eye, was such as to bear them most

-rapidly onward under all these trials, super-added to that

-of hunger, with which the greater part of them had

-suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.</p>

-

-<p>At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</span>

-Shafer Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having

-within the previous two or three miles fired at and

-driven in several pickets of the enemy protecting those

-who were forming the barricades, and at one place we

-broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked.

-At the ford near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance

-to another ford, which we afterward met with one mile

-farther on, we saw the baggage train of the enemy,

-apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon as

-strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion,

-with Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless

-firing of a musket at our ford set the train rapidly in

-motion, and long lines of infantry were formed in order

-of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however, the

-arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,

-enabled the command to push forward in its original

-order, but the train and its guard had retired, leaving

-only a few skirmishers to meet us at the second ford,

-where, however, quite a rapid firing was kept up by

-the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for

-some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent

-woods of the enemy.</p>

-

-<p>“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and

-as we approached it we came upon the enemy’s train,

-the last half of it just crossing, in the river. The enemy

-was found to have taken a strong position, with his

-infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous bank fifty to

-eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the river,

-while our own position was upon the low land, nearly

-level with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance,

-opened fire most gallantly upon them, which was

-immediately returned by their strong force of infantry

-and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery was

-ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.</p>

-

-<p>As I soon perceived a position by which their left

-could be turned, six companies of Colonel Dumont’s

-regiment were ordered to cross the river about three

-hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill obliquely<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</span>

-from our right to their left, and take them in rear.

-Owing to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of

-the order, this command crossed about double the

-distance intended and turned at first to their right,

-which delayed the effect of the movement. After some

-fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and,

-the hill being reported as impracticable, this command,

-now increased to the entire regiment, was ordered down

-to the ford, there to take the enemy directly in front at

-the road.</p>

-

-<p>“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s,

-now well up and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges

-from Barnett’s artillery during this movement,

-decided the action at once. As Dumont reached the

-road, having passed along and under their whole front,

-the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion.

-Dumont’s regiment pursued them for about one mile

-farther, having brisk skirmishing with their rear for

-the first half of that distance, during which General

-Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have been

-followed up most closely, and probably to the capture

-of a large portion of their scattered army, but this was

-absolutely impossible with our fatigued and exhausted

-troops, who had already marched eighteen miles or more,

-in an almost incessant, violent rain, the greater part of

-them without food since the evening and a portion of

-them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had

-been the pursuit of the enemy on their hasty retreat

-from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six miles distant. The

-troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest at about

-2 p. m.</p>

-

-<p>“The result of the action proves to be the capture of

-about forty loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all

-the enemy’s baggage train, as we learn, and including

-a large portion of new clothing, camp equipage and

-other stores; their headquarter papers and military

-chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece

-of artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</span>

-Garnett, is killed, his body being now cared for by us,

-and fifteen or twenty more of the enemy are killed and

-nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our own loss is two killed

-and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.</p>

-

-<p>“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state

-that just as the action was closing, the head regiment

-of the body of troops under yourself, though starting as

-I learn three hours later, the Sixth Indiana, under

-Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent

-order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the

-battle.</p>

-

-<p>“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett,

-Steadman, Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance

-of their officers and men in their long and arduous

-march, suffering from hunger, rain and cold, with

-their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all

-praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate

-and reward their services.”</p>

-

-<p>This was the most important victory that had yet been

-achieved by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that

-very small figures expressed the losses on either side,

-but loyal people everywhere were anxiously watching

-for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s Ford threw

-the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.

-The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to

-the skies—and it may fairly be said that they deserved

-it. The members of the Ohio artillery, with whom this

-chronicle has particularly to do, had added fresh laurels

-to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the

-people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in

-which the world looks upon the Six Hundred who made

-the historic charge at Balaklava. So conspicuous were

-their services and so gallant their bearing that they

-were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy at

-Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’

-service they took this trophy back with them to Cleveland.

-It was placed in the Public Square, where it remaineth

-unto this day, with an inscription upon it that<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</span>

-he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,

-was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A

-geographical student would be impressed with the fact

-that unless the people of Cleveland could fight better

-than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many cannon

-in that or any other war. The inscription, which

-was put on by somebody who was not within three

-hundred miles of the battle, informed the wayfarer that

-the gun was captured at “Corricke’s Forde.” The atrocious

-orthography greeted the public eye for nearly

-twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction

-of the old survivors of the artillery.</p>

-

-<p>The writer has before him the official reports of a

-number of Confederate officers who participated in the

-action at Carrick’s Ford. Naturally they magnify the

-Union force and losses, and in a measure that is ridiculous.

-They place the Union strength at from ten to

-fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of

-that number. The “Yankees” are estimated to have had

-on their hands after this action material for one

-hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional loss of

-from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered

-that General Benham, in his official report to

-General Morris, states that the Union loss was “two

-killed and six or seven wounded.”</p>

-

-<p>It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown

-at that time by officers and others on the Union side in

-communicating with the rebels. There was an evident

-desire to avoid the slightest word that would appear to

-be a recognition of any official authority, civil or

-military, among the insurgents. It was considered that

-if a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it

-was a virtual recognition of the power that conferred

-such rank upon him. So, on July 15, General McClellan

-addressed a communication “To the Officer Commanding

-the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett,

-Esq., styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate

-States Army.”</p>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</span></p>

-

-<p>The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the

-Cleveland Artillery in the three months’ service. The

-command moved back to Belington and the artillery

-was ordered to report to General McClellan, who had

-planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after the

-rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel

-Barnett and his men for their valuable services in the

-campaign under General Morris, and expressed an

-earnest wish that they might accompany him up the

-Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even

-been mustered into the United States service, and the

-three months for which they were called out had expired.

-But, pursuant to orders, Colonel Barnett reported

-with his command to McClellan at Beverly, where the

-General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany

-his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness

-to do so. A few days later, before McClellan was

-ready for the Kanawha campaign, came the first real

-battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in Virginia, which

-resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell

-and brought to the people of the North an actual

-realization of the fact that they had a war on their

-hands. In the wild excitement that followed this battle

-General McClellan was summoned to Washington to take

-command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for

-further offensive operations in Western Virginia were

-for the time abandoned.</p>

-

-<p>A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of

-artillery were ordered to be discharged and started at

-once for Columbus. It should be stated here, to their

-credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had done all in

-their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing

-of the command during its service in the field. It has

-already been said that the men were but poorly supplied

-with clothing by the state and national governments,

-for which apparent neglect there was much good reason.

-The three months’ men were called out suddenly and

-pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</span>

-Their services and sacrifices were of inestimable

-value to the country. They secured a permanent lodgment

-at many points beyond the border, and held the

-enemy at bay while the government was getting ready

-for the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of

-Sumter found the nation totally unprepared for such a

-crisis, and it is not a matter of wonder that the early

-volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism, responded

-so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided

-for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and

-twice Mr. David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen

-with quantities of clothing, food and delicacies for

-the sick. But for this most highly appreciated kindness

-the boys in the field would have had scarcely so much

-as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there

-wasn’t much “uniform” about the garments and they

-were a grotesque appearing lot of men for soldiers, but

-it gave them a comparative degree of comfort and they

-“got there just the same” as if they had been arrayed in

-all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the

-greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully

-and well and bore without complaint the discomforts

-and privations inseparable from a campaign in such

-a country and under such circumstances.</p>

-

-<p>In due time, with little delay <em>en route</em>, the artillery

-reached Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and

-ragged volunteers, fresh from fields of glory, were welcomed

-with great enthusiasm at the state capital. They

-had done well their part and their fame had gone before

-them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked

-upon as the saviors of their country and people of every

-grade and rank were proud to do them honor.</p>

-

-<p>It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry

-to get home, and the formalities necessary to their release

-were hurried as fast as possible. The officers and

-men were paraded for muster and were mustered in and

-out of the United States service at the same time. Then

-all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</span>

-it is true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence.

-Less than fifty dollars apiece didn’t look very large for

-more than three months of such toil, hardship and

-danger, but for the time, with the gold chinking in his

-pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their

-financial condition was in marked contrast to the state

-of chronic insolvency in which they had been so long,

-for they had had no funds with which to patronize the

-sutler except such as was sent them at irregular intervals

-by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten

-dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt

-and loans were negotiated with a rapidity that soon

-exhausted his wealth. As a general thing when a man

-got any money it was quickly absorbed by the liquidation

-of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster

-at Columbus there was a universal squaring of

-accounts.</p>

-

-<p>The horses and other property belonging to the state

-were turned over to the authorities, and the “regiment”

-was soon ready to start for Cleveland. The men had

-been permitted to bring with them from Western Virginia

-(as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous

-services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s

-Ford, and four long-eared mules which the rebels had

-used as the propelling power of the cannon in their

-migratory wanderings. These trophies were guarded

-with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as

-they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects

-of the greatest curiosity and interest. War, right at

-home, was then a new thing to the people of the country

-and anything of this nature was regarded as a nine-days’

-wonder.</p>

-

-<p>While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel

-Barnett from Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring

-at what time the artillery would arrive in Cleveland.

-The friends of the warriors as well as the citizens generally

-desired to know in order that they might give them

-a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</span>

-as soon as the time of departure could be definitely

-fixed. At length all things were ready, and after midnight

-of July 28th the happy artillerymen, with their

-trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How

-the boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out”

-of the depot and sped away toward “home, sweet home!”

-In fact they didn’t do much but yell all the way to Cleveland.

-Their coming had been heralded along the route

-and at every station crowds of people greeted them

-in the most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have

-charged dime museum price for looking at the gun and

-mules from rebeldom they would have made their fortunes.</p>

-

-<p>Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in

-Cleveland to welcome the returning volunteers with

-open arms. They were expected to arrive during the

-forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude of

-people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was

-something like the crowd that, more than three months

-before, had assembled to bid them farewell and God

-speed. Shortly before the arrival of the train the city

-militia and the fire department marched down Champlain

-street and formed in line near the railroad.</p>

-

-<p>At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew

-up to the point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now

-known as South Water—street a mighty volume of

-cheers went up from the assembled multitude—cheers

-for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers, and

-cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had

-captured from the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from

-the cars they were clasped in the arms of loved ones,

-who wept tears of joy at the safe return of sons and

-brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and

-effusive greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst

-constant cheering and the music of brass bands. It was

-a glorious reception, creditable alike to the people of

-Cleveland and to those who so well merited the demonstration.</p>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</span></p>

-

-<p>After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were

-over the returned soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous

-object in the column being the rebel 6-pounder,

-to which were attached the mules lately in the Confederate

-service. Two of the soldiers served in the

-capacity of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal

-of one of the teams. The novel outfit was prodigiously

-cheered along the entire line of march.</p>

-

-<p>Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department

-and an immense throng of people, the “veterans”

-marched up Superior street to the Public Square, General

-A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The whole street

-was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles

-of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips.

-The windows and balconies were filled with ladies, who

-waved their handkerchiefs in kindly welcome and

-clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers come back

-from the borders” went tramping by. Company D,

-Captain P. W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at

-Philippi which was loudly cheered—not because it was

-an emblem of treason but because it was captured by

-Cleveland volunteers.</p>

-

-<p>Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a

-hollow square, surrounded by thousands of people, and

-were addressed as follows by Judge Samuel Starkweather,

-who had been chosen to extend a formal welcome

-home:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p class="no-indent">

-To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant

-and noble commander.</p>

-

-<p>I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid

-you a cordial welcome upon your return, and to tell

-you that Cleveland fully appreciates the value of your

-services and feels herself honored by your achievements.

-She feels that some portion of the glory which

-has fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery

-rests also upon herself.</p>

-

-<p>Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and

-have not dared to show their faces. The Cleveland and

-Geneva artillery were among the first to answer the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</span>

-call of the government to put down rebellion; and when

-it was sought to destroy the banner of our country,

-you, gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field

-to fight for its rescue, and you did not return from

-that field until you saw that beautiful banner floating

-from every Virginia hilltop.</p>

-

-<p>We have not been ignorant of the trials through

-which you have passed, and we have admired the firmness

-with which you overcame all obstacles that presented

-themselves to you and incumbered your path,

-whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger

-or fatigue.</p>

-

-<p>We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels

-heard of you, too, and with even more lasting impressions.

-We have heard of you also at Laurel Hill and

-Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have not

-heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of

-humanity on your part toward a conquered foe. This

-has shown that you are actuated by the same motives

-which have prompted our whole people. It is not the

-object of this contest to interfere with the institutions

-of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve

-the banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a

-stripe defaced. It is to enforce laws to which we all

-owe our safety, our protection and our happiness, and

-I know I speak your sentiments when I say that whoever

-takes a part in this contest from other motives is

-unworthy the name of a patriot.</p>

-

-<p>There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting

-the eyes of the whole civilized world, and I am

-proud to say that the members of this company have

-well played their part therein; and when the last scene

-is ended no name will more adorn the history of these

-events than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements

-will rank higher than those in which its members,

-our own gallant soldiers, bore so conspicuous a

-part.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be

-pardoned for drawing a long bow, but candor compels

-the admission that when the boys came home the “beautiful

-banner” was not, strictly speaking, “floating from

-every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few hill-tops

-left over which the star spangled flag was not

-floating, nor did it float till some years later.</p>

-

-<p>At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</span>

-greeted the Judge’s address, showing how clearly the

-feelings of the people were in harmony with the sentiments

-he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the following

-brief reply:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p>Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as

-for myself, to thank you, and through you the citizens

-of Cleveland, for this greeting, which was wholly unexpected

-by us. I have no words to express the gratitude

-of our hearts toward our fellow citizens. We have the

-satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner

-in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty;

-and so we return to you with a consciousness that we

-are not entirely unworthy the confidence which we know

-you have placed in us.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel

-Barnett bowed and retired, and the band struck up

-“The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises over, the companies

-were variously taken care of and the crowd

-slowly dispersed. A committee of German citizens took

-charge of Company E, Captain Heckman, and Company

-B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to Haltnorth’s,

-where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and

-liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the

-Weddell House, where a sumptuous dinner was served

-them in fine style. It made up in some degree for the

-many times during the previous three months when they

-had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”</p>

-

-<p>Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain

-Pelton, were banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn

-Village, a committee of fifteen ladies doing the honors

-of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F, Captain

-Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were

-right royally welcomed.</p>

-

-<p>The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers

-of the time will be of interest in this connection:</p>

-

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p class="center">[<em>Leader</em>, July 30, 1861.]</p>

-

-<p>The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent

-condition physically, although they are as brown as

-berries from exposure.</p>

-

-<p>Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</span>

-from the campaign in Western Virginia were three

-members of Alert Hose Company—William Kidd, foreman;

-Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private

-E. S. Ransom. Of course, the social and

-genial Alerts could not let them return without a

-welcome, so last night a merry party of Alerts and a

-few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of the

-hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.

-Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the

-hose-carriage was illuminated and the company escorted

-the returned members to their homes, the blaze of innumerable

-roman candles lighting their way up Superior

-street.</p>

-</div>

-

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p class="center">[<cite>Plain Dealer</cite>, July 30, 1861.]</p>

-

-<p>The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day.

-If you find a knot of men collected on a corner, the

-bronzed countenance of a member of the artillery is

-in the center and he is relating to the gaping crowd

-his exploits and adventures among the rebels in Western

-Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of

-incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may

-be rehearsed to wondering grandchildren. They have

-come home after nobly discharging their duty and meet

-with the warm admiration and approval which they

-have so richly merited. All honor to the brave artillerymen.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on

-the evening of July 30th, the following preamble and

-resolutions, offered by Councilman T. N. Bond, were

-adopted with great enthusiasm:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p><em>Whereas</em>, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the

-Cleveland Artillery, embracing four companies from the

-city, one from Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under

-the command of Colonel James Barnett, left their homes

-and business on the 22d day of April, 1861, on a day’s

-notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the

-Government as might be required of them, and</p>

-

-<p><em>Whereas</em>, After gaining the confidence and approbation

-of the people on our southeastern border, by their

-fine conduct both as soldiers and citizens, they rendered

-most important services to the country in the campaigns

-in Western Virginia, distinguishing themselves for

-activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious night

-marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and

-Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than<span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</span>

-three months’ absence, with trophies of their victories

-and the well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens;

-therefore be it</p>

-

-<p><em>Resolved</em>, That in addition to the public and spontaneous

-welcome already given them at their reception

-yesterday, the mayor and city council of the city, and in

-behalf of the city, hereby officially record their high appreciation

-of the honor the Cleveland Artillery and its

-noble commander have reflected upon the city whose

-name they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and

-energy and their skill and bravery in the field have

-won for them unfading honor; and that especially to

-Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and judgment, his

-manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes, our

-thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.</p>

-

-<p><em>Resolved</em>, That copies of the foregoing preamble and

-resolutions be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented

-to Colonel Barnett and to the several companies

-under his command.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett

-by Mayor Flint—long an active and zealous member of

-the Cleveland Artillery—with the following letter:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right">Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>

-August 4, 1861.</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent">Colonel James Barnett.</p>

-

-<p>Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the

-executive officer of the city of Cleveland, in presenting

-to you, and through you to the different companies

-under your command, the resolutions of the City Council

-of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable

-services rendered the country in your recent campaign

-in Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>As a member of the earliest organization of artillery

-in this city, and from which simple detailed “squad”

-of the Cleveland Grays has grown your complete and

-valuable command, I take increased pleasure in presenting

-to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my

-own feelings regarding your action for the past three

-months.</p>

-

-<p class="center">Respectfully yours,</p>

-<p class="right">E. S. FLINT, Mayor.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland

-<cite>Leader</cite> of July 30th, 1862:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p>“When the proclamation of the President called for

-seventy-five thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work<span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</span>

-of furnishing her quota. The Cleveland Artillery was

-the only organized body of the kind in the state, the

-artillery in other places being only single sections

-or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the

-four sections which were organized in this city. He immediately

-took steps to go into service with his command,

-and as soon as the necessary arrangements could

-be made he reported himself ready for orders. He was

-sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from

-threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into

-Virginia upon short notice. Since that time, without

-ever having been mustered into either State or United

-States service, he has led his brave boys through the

-campaign in Western Virginia, where they have performed

-prodigies of marching and have fought a good

-fight when the enemy has given them the chance.

-Colonel Barnett left his business here to go to war and

-has labored unceasingly for the good of his men and the

-discomfiture of the rebels. His services were fully appreciated

-by General McClellan, who tendered him a

-very complimentary invitation to accompany him to the

-Kanawha Valley. Colonel Barnett intends, we understand,

-to raise a full artillery regiment and go in for

-the war. We wish him all success and trust his services

-will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were

-scoffed at for playing soldier in time of peace, by their

-timely military training, were ready to, and did almost

-at a day’s notice respond to the call of their country

-and served it well. The artillery piece captured at Carrick’s

-Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over

-to the state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to

-Cleveland. Said Quartermaster General Wood, who then

-had charge of the arms of the state, to Colonel Barnett:

-“I think no objection will be raised if you take the gun

-to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you

-can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen

-on the Public Square, in its way a monument to the

-valor and heroism of the old artillerymen of Cleveland.</p>

-

-<p>With this elaborate and protracted welcome home,

-which would appear to have been most satisfactory to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</span>

-all concerned, in both its fullness and its cordiality,

-closes the honorable record of the Cleveland Artillery in

-the “three months’ service.” Henceforward we follow

-the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,

-through its four years of brilliant service in the field.</p>

-

-

-<p class="center">INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.</p>

-

-<p>But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First

-Cleveland Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its

-strength. It continued to take root, expand and blossom.

-Privates Joseph C. Shields and Frank Wilson, of Captain

-Rice’s battery, after their three months’ service in the

-First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as

-they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic

-impulse, soon organized an independent artillery

-battery, which was mustered into service Sept. 10, 1862.

-It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and was called the

-Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light

-Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at

-the end of two years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who

-had been first lieutenant of the company, became its

-captain. The battery was in the siege of Knoxville, in

-the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,

-Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great

-struggle. The men were mustered out June 27, 1865,

-at the close of the war.</p>

-

-<p>In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon

-B. Smith, who afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga

-County, and now each year meets with the “old association,”

-gladdening the occasion with spirit and song.</p>

-

-<p>There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant

-James W. Grimshaw—who may properly be

-mentioned in this connection. When Fort Sumter fell

-there was great excitement in Cleveland, as there was

-all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and

-public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies

-on the Public Square in Cleveland, a man was

-imprudent enough to call out “Hurrah for the South!”<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</span>

-Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately shouted, “I

-say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words

-passed between the two men and a rough and tumble

-followed in which the rebel sympathizers got much the

-worst of the fight. Thus the civil war began in Cleveland!

-Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,

-was elected to the city council and died some years

-since, greatly respected. Another of those who received

-a military schooling in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer

-Light Artillery, under Colonel Barnett, was Corporal

-Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields and

-Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited

-him to further military service. He organized and became

-captain of the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer

-Light Artillery, which went into service Oct. 29, 1862,

-for a term of three years. The battery was in the siege

-at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton and Chickamauga

-in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,

-Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.</p>

-

-

-<p class="center">BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.</p>

-

-<p>Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to

-place in the field a full regiment of artillery. The chief

-centers of population in the state readily responded to

-the call and twelve companies were soon organized,

-numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding

-seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a

-fair-sized army in itself, was sought by several men of

-military distinction. Quartermaster General Wood of

-the governor’s staff, who for so many years had been

-associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland

-Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position.

-Sept. 3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his

-commission. But not only was Colonel Barnett of

-Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new

-regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer

-Light Artillery, but three of his associates in this early<span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</span>

-school of artillery training were given commissions of

-command next to him.</p>

-

-<p>Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel,

-while Walter E. Lawrence and Seymour Race became

-majors. To have four of the chief officers of this regiment

-all from Cleveland and all of the old Cleveland

-artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who

-had cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to

-the front were destined to be disappointed. An order

-came from Washington directing the several batteries

-to report, some at one point and some at another, where

-their services were deemed most needed. Thus the

-companies were separated and the chief field officers were

-shorn of active command.</p>

-

-<p>Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position.

-He was made chief of artillery on the staff of

-General W. S. Rosecrans, one of the best fighting generals

-in the Union army; was with him in battle and all

-the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward was

-made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third

-division of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel

-Sickles, where he did valiant service until worn out by

-hard work, April 1, 1863, under advice of army physicians

-he was compelled to resign. Later, however, recovering

-something of his health, he was made colonel

-of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer

-Infantry. Major Lawrence became a colonel, served

-with distinction and died in the service. Major W. F.

-Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who meets

-with the “old artillery association” each year, was one

-of the best of the many good fighting men who belonged

-to General Barnett’s regiment. He was mustered into

-the service as a private, became a lieutenant, then a

-captain and came out at the end of the war a major.</p>

-

-<p>Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served

-two years in the war.</p>

-

-<p>Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received

-his military training in the old artillery school. He was<span class="pagenum" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</span>

-commissioned second lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel

-Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards promoted to first

-lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His company

-distinguished itself in several important battles and

-took part in others of lesser note.</p>

-

-

-<p class="center">“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.</p>

-

-<p>Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead,

-few will be better remembered than “Commissary” Harry

-Bingham, a man of small stature, full of life and fun.

-It may be said that for some years he contributed largely

-to the life of his military comrades. At the beginning

-of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon

-joined the military service. He became a lieutenant and

-served with credit. Finally, however, the hardships

-of war were greater than he could bear. For a time he

-lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to Cleveland,

-where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert

-him even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a

-smile, to a lady who called upon him during his last

-sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He lies buried in Woodland

-cemetery. Who of his old military comrades will

-not drop a tear to his memory?</p>

-

-<p>Many others of the old guard, some living and some

-dead, deserve well to be mentioned in this connection.</p>

-

-<p>The history of the association itself may be told in

-a few lines. At the close of the civil war, when regiments

-and various commands in the war were forming

-associations and holding reunions, the wife of Captain

-Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun

-squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years

-of age, one day suggested to her husband the propriety

-of Cleveland’s old artillerymen having a reunion. The

-thought was conveyed to General Barnett, Colonel Hayward

-and others, who were pleased with the idea and on

-the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad

-then living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at

-the Kennard House, formed an association of which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</span>

-General Wood was made president and then and there

-had their first banquet. General Wood was continued

-president of the association ten years, until his death

-May 2, 1881, when General Barnett succeeded him. The

-general has been president ever since, some twenty-three

-years. At the first meeting of the association held after

-General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a high

-tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said:

-“Since our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander

-of the old Grey gun squad, captain of the First artillery

-company in Cleveland and president of our association

-since its first organization, has passed away. It was he

-who first introduced into the then West, forty-two years

-ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system.

-We can say of our old comrade that he was an honest

-man. He had a bluff, outspoken way, but a warm, generous

-heart. His pride was with his old artillery associates.

-His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid him

-away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his

-memory and our recollections are of a competent soldier,

-a patriotic man and good citizen.” General Wood was

-born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug. 14, 1847, and died

-May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his brother-in-law,

-the Hon. O. J. Hodge.</p>

-

-<p>Thirty-four years have now passed since the first

-meeting of the association and each year since it has

-had its social gathering, and each Decoration day the

-members have strewn with flowers the graves of their

-departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be

-held many years longer. The whitened locks of these

-men point to a day in the near future when the members

-of the association will hold their last banquet, when

-there will be no member left to decorate the graves of

-the departed, but around their memory long will cluster

-recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship,

-and those now upon life’s stage, and those yet to come,

-with pride will study their history and place upon their

-graves flowers, emblematic of love and veneration.</p>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</span></p>

-

-<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_IV">CHAPTER IV.</h2>

-</div>

-

-

-<p>The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light

-Artillery (3 months) at their home as before related

-practically closed the military career of that command;

-however, a large number of the men enlisted in other

-commands, notably into the First Ohio Light Artillery

-(3 years) the term being for three years or during the

-war. It was soon found that through the emergency

-of affairs at the opening of trouble and the improper

-muster in and muster out as state troops that the men

-had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army of the

-United States. This error was called to the attention

-of Hon. Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress,

-who made many earnest attempts to rectify the mistake

-through the Honorable Secretary of War; those efforts

-were however unsuccessful, it being decided as the muster

-roll showed that they were state troops, so the matter

-ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was

-elected to Congress. Upon representation of the case to

-Mr. Burton he was at once impressed with the fact that

-fairness and justice to the command required action of

-Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill substantially

-the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and

-given herewith as well as the report of the Military

-Committee of which General Dick was chairman.</p>

-

-<p>The command was very fortunate in having in Congress

-two such good friends as Mr. Burton and Gen.

-Dick, men who have looked so closely and faithfully that

-justice might be obtained. The members of the First

-Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a

-debt of gratitude which they can never pay but which is

-not forgotten.</p>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT<br>

-ARTILLERY.</p>

-</div>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<p class="center">May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole

-House and ordered to be printed.</p>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<p class="center">Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted

-the following</p>

-

-

-<p class="center">REPORT.</p>

-

-<p class="center">[To accompany H. R. 619.]</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p>The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported

-the bill (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition

-of the military services of the officers and enlisted men

-of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,

-report the same back to the House with the recommendation

-that it do pass with the following amendment:</p>

-

-<p>Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2,

-of the bill, the following: “<em>Provided</em>, That no pay,

-bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable

-by virtue of the passage of this act.”</p>

-

-<p>A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported

-favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs

-of the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses,

-which bill, with the accompanying reports, are

-hereby adopted and made a part of this report.</p>

-

-<p>It appears that this regiment was the first body of

-artillery to engage in the service of the United States

-in the late civil war. They were hastened to the front

-on the 21st of April, 1861, and rendered valuable service

-in the campaign in West Virginia. By an omission,

-due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,

-they were never formally mustered into the service by

-any military officer of the United States. On or about the

-30th of May, 1861, while the command was being embarked

-at Marietta, Ohio, a United States officer reported to

-muster them into the service, but the commanding officer,

-General Barnett, stated to him that as his orders

-were imperative to move with the least possible delay,

-he could not wait the formality of a muster. They served

-until the 27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be

-no sufficient reason why their services should not be

-recognized and the officers and men considered to have

-been in the military service of the United States.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</span></p>

-

-<p>Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett,

-with exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col.

-Henry B. Carrington for more complete history of their

-service and the reasons why they were not formally

-mustered.</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">State of Ohio</span>, <em>Cuyahoga County, ss</em>:</p>

-

-<p>James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as

-follows: That for some time before the 20th of April,

-1861, and at that date I was the commanding officer of

-what was known as the First Ohio Light Artillery, organized

-under the laws of the State as then existing as

-a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th of

-April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty,

-and immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of

-April, 1861, left Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the

-command was on duty until May 29 of the same year,

-upon which date a portion of the command moved into

-Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion

-of the command went by boat to Benwood and

-thence to Grafton, Va., from which time until the date

-of their muster out they actively participated in the

-campaign in Western Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command

-was being embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to

-muster the command into the service of the United

-States. This officer, if I am correct in my recollection,

-was Colonel Sill. I am not very positive as to the name

-of the officer, but it was either Colonel Sill or Captain

-Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the purpose

-of mustering my command. We were at the time busily

-embarking. A portion of the command had already been

-sent down the river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the

-officer that it would be impossible to get the men together

-for muster, and that our orders were imperative

-to move with the least possible delay, so it was concluded

-to defer the muster until some proper time after

-we had got into Virginia. The command went through

-the campaign without muster, and soon after the expiration

-of their term of service were ordered back to

-Ohio for muster out by orders from the War Department.

-Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered

-in and mustered out upon the same day, dating back

-their muster into the date of taking the field. This muster

-was made by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor

-of Ohio, mustering officer. The muster rolls were<span class="pagenum" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</span>

-changed from the printed forms, erasing the words

-“United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”</p>

-

-<p>I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this

-affidavit, a sketch regarding the movements of the command,

-which consisted of about 120 men, and is a correct

-statement of its movements. This sketch embraces

-pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio troops,

-known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the

-State.</p>

-

-<p>It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the

-Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison,

-of Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon

-page 713 of said record, that the command was recognized

-by the War Department and under its orders during

-its service in Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding

-the troops in western Virginia, set forth on

-page 712 of said record, and others, were received by me

-and executed by me as the commanding officer therein

-referred to.</p>

-

-<p>I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which

-contain the muster roll of the batteries constituting

-said command.</p>

-

-<p class="right">

-<span class="smcap">James Barnett.</span><br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and

-by him sworn to before me this 9th day of February, A.

-D. 1895.</p>

-

-<p class="center">

-[<span class="allsmcap">SEAL.</span>] <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">M. P. Mooney</span>,</span><br>

-</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent"><em>Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O.</em></p>

-</div>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Exhibit A.</span></p>

-

-<p class="center fs80">FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.</p>

-

-<p class="center">[Three months’ service.]</p>

-

-<p>Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following

-telegram was wired to Colonel Barnett:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 20, 1861</em>.</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>, <em>Cleveland, Ohio</em>:<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including

-Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday

-if possible. You can hire horses for the guns here<span class="pagenum" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</span>

-or at your point of service. Bring harness and everything

-else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain

-colonel rank.</p>

-

-<p>

-By order:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="smcap">H. B. Carrington</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.<br>

-</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four

-of the batteries were from the city of Cleveland, the

-other two being from Brooklyn and Geneva) as though

-borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday morning

-Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains

-of the companies:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-

-<p>You will report your command of twenty men, ready

-to march to Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at

-the public square. You will have your piece, caissons

-and harness complete, at the depot between Superior

-street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten men to

-attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the

-command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to

-your superior officers.</p>

-

-<p>By order adjutant-general of Ohio:</p>

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">James Barnett</span>, <em>Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery</em>.</p>

-

-<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">S. B. Sturges</span>, <em>Lieutenant-Colonel</em>.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn

-and Geneva companies.</p>

-

-<p>Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel

-Barnett, as follows:</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 21, 1861</em>.</p>

-<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>:<br>

-</p>

-

-<p>Can you bring your command here to-night instead of

-waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>

-

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">William Dennison</span>, <em>Governor</em>.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment

-on Sunday in time to get away on that day. The governor

-was informed by telegraph that it would leave early

-Monday morning. The two outside companies responded

-promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left

-Cleveland for Columbus, at which place it was ordered

-to Marietta via Loveland. Marietta was reached next

-morning, when it went into camp on the fair ground<span class="pagenum" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</span>

-placing the guns in position to guard the city against

-any invasion of the enemy.</p>

-

-<p>About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain

-O. M. Poe, of the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the

-regiment, with a view to its being ready for service at a

-moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased with the command

-and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its

-members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage

-were received, all of which were heartily welcomed.

-Colonel Barnett also received a telegram from Columbus

-to purchase seventy-six horses for his battery upon the

-best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having been

-placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the

-credit of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were

-to be paid for.</p>

-

-<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following

-telegram from General McClellan at Cincinnati:

-“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to

-me when ready for service.” Within two days the required

-number of horses were purchased and all hands

-were busy breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness

-and arranging to move on a moment’s notice.

-The artillery was re-enforced by the arrival of the 14th

-O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O. V. I. on

-the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.</p>

-

-<p>On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch

-to Colonel Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel

-Steadman, you will supply him with a detachment

-of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”</p>

-

-<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command

-of Lieut.-Colonel Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta,

-by boat, for Parkersburg, W. Va., with orders to report

-to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They moved rapidly

-along the line of the B. &amp; O. Railroad, repairing bridges

-destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had

-arrived at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg.

-The rebels retreated from Clarksburg to Philippi. From

-Clarksburg they moved to Webster, and after a tedious<span class="pagenum" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</span>

-night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a. m., making

-short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery

-frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of

-their officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and

-war materials behind them. (This was the first Light

-artillery fired by the national forces in the war of the

-rebellion. In this engagement only a few men were

-wounded.)</p>

-

-<p>On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam

-with Colonel Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting

-to General Morris, who ordered Colonel Barnett

-to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched to Philippi,

-arriving too late to take part in that engagement.

-During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light

-Artillery was at Philippi. The companies, however,

-were scattered; some with their guns did duty as bridge

-guards.</p>

-

-<p>July 6th orders were received by General Morris to

-advance early the following day, occupy Belington, and

-menace the enemy, who were holding a strong position

-at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers struck the

-rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered

-to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing

-effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery

-suffered its first casualty—George W. Tillotson, of

-Company D, was wounded in the groin by a musket ball,

-from the effect of which he died a few years later.</p>

-

-<p>July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and

-Laurel Hill, being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s

-Ford, where the 1st Artillery opened fire on the

-enemy (who were holding a position on a high bank on

-the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect. The

-enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert

-S. Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled

-piece was captured and presented to the artillery, and

-this trophy is now in the public square in the city of

-Cleveland.</p>

-

-<p>Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved<span class="pagenum" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</span>

-back to Belington, and remained there until ordered to

-Columbus to be mustered out. Up to this time, like the

-nine regiments of infantry, it was serving as a State

-organization, and while all other Ohio three-months

-troops were mustered out by United States officers and

-recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for

-some reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s

-staff and is recognized by the War Department

-as only a <em>State organization</em>. The following letter, however,

-will show that it was the intention of the General

-Government to place this regiment of artillery on the

-same footing as other Ohio organizations that did service

-at the same time in West Virginia.</p>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p class="center"><span class="smcap">War Department, Adjutant-General’s Office</span>,</p>

-<p class="right"><em>Washington, July 27, 1861</em>.</p>

-

-<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and

-Colonel Barnett’s artillery of six guns and one hundred

-and twenty men, which have been serving in West Virginia,

-will be sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out

-of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented

-by you, will there be accepted and mustered into

-the United States service for three years as regiments,

-companies of cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The

-two sections of artillery from Ohio (other than Barnett’s

-Battery) and the two companies of cavalry from the

-State, all of which have been serving in Virginia, will

-also be sent home at the expiration of their three

-months’ service, to be there mustered out. They, or

-such of them as may be presented by you, will then be

-accepted as specified for three years, and will be mustered

-into the service of the United States for that period.

-The same will be done in regard to the battery of

-artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp

-Chase.</p>

-

-<p>In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to

-be mustered out of the service. They, or such of them

-as may be presented by you, will there be accepted for

-three years and sworn into the service for that period

-as regiments, companies of cavalry, and batteries of

-artillery.</p>

-

-<p>

-I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,</p>

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">L. Thomas</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p>

-

-<p>His Excellency Governor <span class="smcap">Dennison</span>, <em>Columbus, Ohio</em>.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</span></p>

-

-<p>This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus,

-Ohio, July 27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp

-to governor of Ohio, mustering officer.</p>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<div class="poetry-container">

-<div class="poetry">

-  <div class="stanza">

-    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired),</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>late colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry.</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Brigadier-general United States Volunteers, adjutant-general</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>of Ohio before and at commencement of the</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>war of 1861-1865.</em></div>

-  </div>

-</div>

-</div>

-

-<div class="poetry-container">

-<div class="poetry">

-  <div class="stanza">

-    <div class="verse indent0">In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,</div>

-    <div class="verse indent1">“The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”</div>

-  </div>

-</div>

-</div>

-

-<div class="blockquot">

-<p>The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization

-at the outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the

-delay in properly adjusting the record of this pioneer

-artillery corps of the United States volunteer service.</p>

-

-<p>Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had

-been for several years engaged in perfecting a militia

-system by regiments, brigades, and divisions. State encampments

-had been held, and several of its general and

-field officers made immediate records after war began.

-A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and

-Jones to the service.</p>

-

-<p>The artillery was represented by skeleton companies

-with one or two guns each. Three companies, each making

-technically a “gun section,” were organized at Cleveland,

-Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters at

-Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned

-as colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general

-to organize other companies in the State at large.

-These three companies or sections, really composing

-but one battery proper, was the basis of Colonel Barnett’s

-command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.</p>

-

-<p>This battery had previously been inspected by Gen.

-Winfield Scott at Niagara Falls while on an experimental

-march, and was well disciplined and equipped. As

-early as January, 1861, the previous governor, Salmon

-P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio

-militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty

-hours from receipt of President Lincoln’s first call

-twenty disciplined companies (two regiments) were dispatched

-to Washington. The incomplete record of the

-First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery

-had not been called for in the first instance, and the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</span>

-fact that troops were needed upon the State border

-before any had been mustered into the United States

-service.</p>

-

-<p>By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the

-service of the United States, retained their officers. The

-governor of Ohio did not deem it wise thus to designate

-the general officer to command the troops called for by

-the President. A special legislative act promptly provided

-that the major-general might be taken from

-citizens at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed

-and commissioned. The President also appointed

-him major-general. But while thousands of the

-militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been

-mustered into the United States service when their services

-were instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand

-came from Marietta, Ohio, for artillery, as hostile

-demonstrations had commenced, tending to the control

-of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the Adjutant-General’s

-Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect

-was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report

-with his battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday,

-Ambos foundry was fired up and round shot were

-cast for use of the battery. A car was sent to Xenia

-for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were

-made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition

-for artillery in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett,

-having been assured that he would retain his rank

-as colonel, reported with his battery in good condition.

-The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at the

-same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once

-returned to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was

-to administer the State obligation and make up the roll

-as the company was organized. The battery therefore

-moved to the border to await orders, but in a position

-for defensive duty.</p>

-

-<p>Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded

-arms, so that nine regiments were immediately

-organized and armed as State militia, while no volunteers

-had as yet been mustered into the United States

-service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of

-West Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general

-from that State, and the regiments of Colonels Dumont

-and Milroy had moved to support the regiment of

-Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had

-no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority

-to push militia across the State boundary, authorized<span class="pagenum" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</span>

-the adjutant-general to visit General McClellan

-and submit a plan, which General Wool had approved,

-and also to act for the State, as the conference might

-agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments

-in the various camps were put in motion, with no regard

-for a United States muster.</p>

-

-<p>Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor,

-and during his absence General McClellan called

-for the battery. The following telegram was sent: “Barnett,

-borrow money and buy horses instanter.” Also, to

-each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of

-Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him

-in command of all State troops.”</p>

-

-<p>Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then

-accessible, and, in fact, no troops were fully ready for

-muster; but the battery, supported by the Fourteenth

-Ohio, occupied the heights back of Parkersburg, moved

-to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and with its

-associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of

-Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United

-States service, under United States officers, in brigade

-with regularly mustered United States troops. It had

-the same claim to full recognition and a muster, nunc

-pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.</p>

-

-<p>The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and

-Wool, at once recognized the service, and the adjutant-general,

-without his solicitation or knowledge in advance,

-was appointed colonel of the Eighteenth United

-States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law. The

-emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State

-boundary, and the battery did as good service as if it had

-been that of Captain Bragg, whose precedent it sought

-to emulate.</p>

-

-<p>Respectfully submitted.</p>

-<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Henry B. Carrington</span>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

-</div>

-

-<div class="poetry-container">

-<div class="poetry">

-  <div class="stanza">

-    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>and Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly</em></div>

-    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Adjutant-General of Ohio.</em></div>

-  </div>

-</div>

-</div>

-

-<p>The movements of this regiment show a service which

-was distinctly national in character. On May 29, 1861,

-a part of the command moved into Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</span>

-command went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton,

-Va., from which time until the date of their muster

-out they actively participated in the campaign in western

-Virginia.</p>

-

-<p>The command of the troops, after they left Marietta,

-Ohio, and embarked for Virginia, passed completely

-from the officers of the State of Ohio to the Federal officers.

-In May, 1861, General McClellan sent an officer

-of the United States Army Engineers to inspect the regiment

-“with a view to its being ready for service at a

-moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And

-the evidence shows that the Federal officer found the

-regiment in excellent condition as respects drill, discipline,

-and soldierly bearing. Clothing and camp equipage

-were also furnished to the regiment by the United

-States.</p>

-

-<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the

-regiment, received from General McClellan the following

-telegram from Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of

-your batteries and report to me when ready for service.”

-On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:

-“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply

-him with a detachment of two guns, with proper officers

-and men.”</p>

-

-<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment

-left Marietta, Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders

-to report to Colonel Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer

-Infantry, which were serving under Federal authority.

-They performed important service under such

-orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On

-May 30, 1861, four companies of the regiment, with

-Colonel Barnett, proceeded by boat to Benwood, and received

-orders to proceed to Grafton. They proceeded

-thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the engagement.

-July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to

-Belington, where it was engaged with the enemy. On

-July 12 the First Ohio Artillery opened fire upon the

-enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent effect.</p>

-

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</span></p>

-

-<p>The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery

-regiment was taken into Virginia under authority of

-and for service with the United States Government.

-Such was the understanding of the soldiers and of the

-Federal officers under whom they served, and the character

-of their service was distinctly national.</p>

-

-<p>The regiment was not called into the service of the

-State of Ohio alone, but of other States. Every State

-is an integral part of the Union which the Federal Government

-is, under the Constitution, bound to protect

-against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment

-was employed in general service with and as a

-part of the Federal forces, under orders from the Federal

-Government, and in the execution of a duty which

-was distinctly national in character. The regiment not

-only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks

-of the enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It

-rendered United States service under United States officers

-in brigade with regularly mustered United States

-troops.”</p>

-

-<p>And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired,

-the regiment, which had been “serving in Virginia,”

-was, by order of the War Department dated July

-27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out of

-the service of the United States. And the same order

-directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should

-be tendered should be mustered into the service of the

-United States for three years’ service. Owing, no doubt

-to an oversight, or to ignorance of the fact that the regiment

-had been actually in the service of the United

-States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization

-of the State of Ohio.</p>

-

-<p>The records of the War Department fail to show facts

-upon which justice can be done to this regiment, and

-Congress is asked to afford such relief by a special act.

-Upon the evidence in the case it is submitted that the

-First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery is entitled<span class="pagenum" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</span>

-to proper recognition as having been in the service

-of the United States, and its officers and soldiers

-should receive certificates of honorable discharge as

-such.</p>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p>Following is the muster roll:</p>

-

-<p class="center fs120"><em>First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</em></p>

-

-<p Class="center">FIELD AND STAFF.</p>

-

-<p>[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to Governor

-of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July 27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,

-aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">James Barnett</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Colonel.</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed Apr. 21, 1861; mustered out with regiment July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Stephen B. Sturges</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Lieutenant-colonel.</td>

-<td class="tdc">34</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Clark S. Gates</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Major.</td>

-<td class="tdc">48</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Amos Townsend</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Quartermaster.</td>

-<td class="tdc">32</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Elisha Sterling</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Surgeon.</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William E. Standart</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Adjutant.</td>

-<td class="tdc">34</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Randall Crawford</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">Quartermaster-sergeant.</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">32</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY A.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William R. Simmonds</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain.</td>

-<td class="tdc">46</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John A. Bennett</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Samuel M. Cowdery</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">33</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thomas J. Thompson</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">James Willis</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Trumpeter</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Anson, Edward P.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bailey, Amasa</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">42</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Benjamin, John A.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">30</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Blair, John H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Brewster, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Camp, William M.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Clark, George W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Cramer, Isaac C.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dunn, Joseph</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">32</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dunn, Richard</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Kelley, John J.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Milton, John R.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">20</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Moats, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">New, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">37</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Rebbeck, Henry H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Reynolds, Daniel</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">35</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sypher, J. Hale</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Throup, David H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Throup, Roger D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Worley, John G.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">June 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY B.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John G. Mack</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>

-<td class="tdc">46</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Jacob Ruder</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frederick C. Gruninger</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">35</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Mathew Adams</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Beachal, Frederick</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Chapin, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dawmann, Joseph</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 1, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ebert, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Erhart, Alexander</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fabrian, Louis</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">20</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fenfil, Christian</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fisher, Louis</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fredericks, Abraham</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Galleger, John</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Gellecker.”</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Charles</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Kustner, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Lucas, Michael</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">32</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Mangelmann, Adolph</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Nerritta, Leonhard</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">35</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nerritter.”</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Nickel, Lorenze</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nigel.”</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Reidenbach, Peter</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Schener, Daniel</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Schoemer, Michael</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, Nicholas</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Wouley, Andrew</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY C.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Frederick W. Pelton</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>

-<td class="tdc">34</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Samuel Sears</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>

-<td class="tdc">34</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Francis S. Pelton</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">28</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Peter C. Schneider</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">John C. Brainard</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">34</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Allen, Edward S.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">33</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Boyen, John H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Brainard, Edward S.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">May 13, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Chaffee, Comfort</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Davis, George R.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dean, Charles M.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dunbar, Homer</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fish, Abel</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fish, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fish, Levi</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">37</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fish, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Grotzinger, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Hand, James L.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Hone, Alexander</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Llewhellen, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Lyon, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Marcellus, Charles E.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Roberts, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Schmehl, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc"></td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Storrer, Frank S.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">20</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Worth, Frederick W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY D.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Percy W. Rice</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">James H. Miller</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edwin F. Reeve</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">William H. Hilliard</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Norman A. Baldwin</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Champlin, William A.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">38</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Absent in hospital at Marietta, Ohio, May 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Crawford, George W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Davis, Daniel S.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Edgarton, Warren P.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gardner, Orlando D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Harbeck, John S.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Kidd, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">33</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Killam, Simon W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alexander, Jr.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Murray, George E.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Orland, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">30</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Rice, Charles H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Shields, Joseph C.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">33</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Smith, Robertson</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sterling, James A.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">22</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thatcher, Lorenzo W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Tillotson, George W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">44</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Wounded July 7, 1861. in battle of Laurel Hill, Va.; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Vincent, Henry G.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Wilson, Frank</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY E.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Louis Heckmau</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">J. Jacob Houck</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>

-<td class="tdc">28</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Henry Roth</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">30</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Valentine Heckman</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bommhardt, Jacob</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Breuhler, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Eshenbrenner, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">39</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Hartman, Hermann</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Herig, Charles</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Kuglen, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Payson, George W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">28</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Riegler, Albert</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Schmidt, Gerhard</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Schwendner, Conrad</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">30</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Sehrt, Wilhelm</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “William.”</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Smith, Jacob</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Schmidt.”</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thaller, Frantz</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">28</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Trumpy, Henry</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Wetzel, Frederick</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">40</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Wolf, George</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">31</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Zeller, John A.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">38</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</span></p>

-

-<p class="center">BATTERY F.</p>

-

-<table class="autotable">

-<tr>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>

-<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"></td>

-<td class="tdl bl br"></td>

-<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>

-<td class="tdl bl"></td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dennis Kenny, Jr.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Henry S. Munger</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>

-<td class="tdc">37</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Jerome B. Burrows</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">James H. Coller</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>

-<td class="tdc">28</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Charles D. Lane</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">27</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bartholomew, Myron</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Bruner, William</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Burrows, Adrian A.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">29</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Crowell, William H. H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">20</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Dorman, Dennis W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">43</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Fitch, Martin L.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">46</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gage, Henry W.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">19</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Gary, Marco B.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">June 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Myers, Addison D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">25</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Paddock, Asher R.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">37</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Proctor, William E.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Ransom, Moses Y.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Smith, Albert D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Stoughton, Theodore</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Stowe, Melvin D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">26</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thorp, Arthur B.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">23</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Thorp, Henry H.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl">Turner, Erastus D.</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">24</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>

-<td class="tdc">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-<tr>

-<td class="tdl bb">Viets, Frank</td>

-<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">21</td>

-<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>

-<td class="tdc bb">3</td>

-<td class="tdc bb bl">Do.</td>

-</tr>

-</table>

-

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter">

-<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</span></p>

-

-<h2 class="nobreak hidden" id="Senate_Bill">Senate Bill</h2>

-

-<p class="center">57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.</p>

-</div>

-

-<p class="center">H. R. 619.</p>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<p class="center">IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.</p>

-

-<p class="center">June 23, 1902.</p>

-

-<p class="center">Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military

-Affairs.</p>

-

-<hr class="r10">

-

-<p class="center">AN ACT</p>

-

-<div class="poetry-container">

-<div class="poetry">

-  <div class="stanza">

-    <div class="verse indent0">Providing for the recognition of the military service of</div>

-    <div class="verse indent1">the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment</div>

-    <div class="verse indent1">Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</div>

-  </div>

-</div>

-</div>

-

-<p><em>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives

-of the United States of America in Congress assembled</em>,

-That the officers and enlisted men of the First

-Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery (three months’

-service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the call

-of the President of the United States issued on the

-fifteenth day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one,

-and which rendered actual military service under the

-command of officers of the United States and in co-operation

-with the regularly organized military forces of the

-United States, shall be held and considered to have been

-in the military service of and to have formed a part of

-the military establishment of the United States during

-the period for which said organization was enlisted and

-was in active service, and that the Secretary of War be,

-and he hereby is, authorized and directed to issue certificates

-of discharge, upon due application and satisfactory

-proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members

-of the said organization: <em>Provided,</em> That no pay,

-bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable

-by virtue of the passage of this Act.</p>

-

-<p>Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.</p>

-

-<p>

-Attest: <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">A. McDowell</span>, <em>Clerk</em>.</span><br>

-</p>

-

-<p>House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in

-January, 1903.</p>

-<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">

-

-<div class="chapter"></div>

-<div class="transnote">

-

-<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2>

-

-<ul>

-<li>pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William</li>

-<li>pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett</li>

-<li>pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister</li>

-<li>pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio</li>

-<li>pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.</li>

-<li>pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces</li>

-<li>pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be</li>

-<li>pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington</li>

-<li>pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality</li>

-<li>pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow</li>

-<li>pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow</li>

-<li>pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D</li>

-<li>pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G</li>

-<li>pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)</li>

-<li>Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.</li>

-<li>The table of contents was written by the transcriber.</li>

-</ul>

-

-</div>

-

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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <title>
+      Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery | Project Gutenberg
+    </title>
+    <link rel="icon" href="images/cover.jpg" type="image/x-cover">
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+
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+
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+    max-width: 100%;
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+
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+  width: 20%;
+  margin: 1em 40%;
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+div.centered_image img {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+    </style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 69950 ***</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 65%">
+<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Cover">
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<figure class="figcenter illowp65" id="i002" style="max-width: 48.5em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i002.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption class="caption"><p class="center">CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY<br>
+<span class="fs80">Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861</span></p></figcaption>
+</figure></div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<h1>Reminiscences<br>
+<span class="fs60">of the</span><br>
+<span class="fs90">Cleveland Light Artillery</span></h1>
+<br>
+<div class="centered_image">
+  <img src="images/cannon.jpg" alt="Drawing of a cannon">
+</div>
+<p class="center fs80 wsp"><br>
+<br>
+Cleveland<br>
+Cleveland Printing Company<br>
+1906<br>
+</p></div>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<h2>Contents.</h2>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdr" style="width:15%"><span class="fs80">PAGE</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">I.</td>
+<td class="tdl">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">II.</td>
+<td class="tdl">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the </td>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Artillery Goes to the Front.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">III.</td>
+<td class="tdl">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Independent Companies.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Barnett’s big regiment.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">“Commissary” Harry Bingham.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">IV.</td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Muster List</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_94">94</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Senate Bill</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_101">101</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</span></p>
+<h2>CHAPTER I.<br>
+
+<span class="smcap fs70">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</span></h2>
+
+
+<p>The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose
+guns thundered on nearly all the great battlefields
+of the War for the Union, 1861-5—owed its existence
+to a process of evolution. It was the result
+of a growth during a period of more than twenty
+years.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company,
+was formed in 1837. It was composed of active,
+intelligent, patriotic young men who displayed from
+the first a laudable pride in the organization, and an
+ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard
+of excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were
+rewarded by a full measure of success, and the company
+was soon celebrated far and near for its fine
+appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military
+discipline.</p>
+
+<p>In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the
+Grays held an encampment on a vacant lot at the
+present corner of Superior and Erie streets. As compared
+to its proportions of today, Cleveland was
+then scarcely more than an overgrown village,
+and the territory in the vicinity of the spot designated
+above—now covered, and for miles beyond, with business
+houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval
+state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light
+Artillery Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early
+days for its skill in the art of gunnery, was present
+at the encampment. The fine evolutions of this command
+and its proficiency in working and handling
+artillery attracted much attention and awakened a
+lively interest in that arm of military science.</p>
+
+<p>The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once
+decided that they would have a gun squad. No sooner<span class="pagenum" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</span>
+said than done, and nine members of the company
+were detailed for that purpose, as follows:</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">David L. Wood,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Krieger,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward S. Flint,</td>
+<td class="tdl">F. H. Utley,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward A. Scovill,</td>
+<td class="tdl">James A. Craw,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Richard Dockstader,</td>
+<td class="tdl">James B. Wilbur,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">C. J. Merriam.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun
+Squad. He had formerly lived in Buffalo and had
+served as a gunner in Major Fay’s company, but had
+removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous
+member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained
+and mounted on a carriage which, as well as the
+caisson, was of home manufacture, made at the expense
+of the company. The early drills were held in
+a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery.
+The building was owned by the Ohio Stage
+Company, which, before the days of railroads, was operating
+its lines of public conveyance. These premises
+were used for five or six years, when more commodious
+quarters were provided.</p>
+
+<p>In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a
+military station at the rapids of the Maumee river,
+near Perrysburg, Ohio, built by General William Henry
+Harrison in 1813. A number of military companies from
+various parts of the West attended the meeting—among
+them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The
+members of both organizations distinguished themselves
+by their accuracy in drill and their soldierly
+bearing, for which they bore away a large share of the
+honors.</p>
+
+<p>Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the
+young artillerists continued their practice with the
+greatest assiduity, attaining a perfection that was in
+the highest degree creditable, and they fairly deserved
+the plaudits that were so freely bestowed upon them
+whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction<span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</span>
+and assistance were received from members of
+Major Fay’s company, before mentioned. The drill was
+in the French style of tactics then in vogue, and generally
+known as “flying artillery.”</p>
+
+<p>In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays,
+forming a separate organization known as the Cleveland
+Light Artillery, with two 12-pound guns, and
+a large increase in its active membership. David L.
+Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this
+early day belonged to the company were James Barnett,
+W. E. Lawrence, Seymour Race, W. H. Hayward and
+W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in active membership
+and were prominent during the war as members
+of the First Ohio Light Artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The increase in the company, both in size and equipment,
+made it necessary to have better quarters. An
+armory was built on Bank street, in the rear of what
+is now the block next north of the Mercantile National
+Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie street
+barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted
+battery of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything
+complete, all of which equipment was provided
+at private expense, as were also the uniforms of the
+men. Whenever the battery appeared on public occasions
+or went out for field practice all expenses including
+the use of horses were borne by the company.</p>
+
+<p>On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment
+was held at Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was invited to participate. The
+company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march
+from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance
+both ways being something over one hundred miles.
+This would not have been considered much of a march
+during the war, but it was the first campaign of the
+company, and was a great event in those days. During
+their stay at Wooster the artillerymen received the
+highest encomiums for their excellent appearance and
+drill.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</span></p>
+
+<p>July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention
+was held at Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent
+invitation to attend, going by lake on the steamer
+Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded by
+Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company
+gave several exhibitions, acquitting itself with such
+credit as to win unstinted praise. The effect was to
+stir up the military spirit in Chicago to such a degree
+that a light battery was at once organized there. The
+Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise
+assisted in equipping the battery.</p>
+
+<p>The Chicago company owed its existence in a great
+measure to the Cleveland Artillery. It grew and
+prospered, and early in the war became the nucleus of
+the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery, as the
+Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed,
+it may fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland
+Artillery was a wide-spread, and a potential factor,
+through the removal of its members from time to time,
+in awakening an interest before the war in that arm
+of the military service. During the war there was no inconsiderable
+number of artillery officers who entered
+the army from other states, whose first instruction
+was received years before, while members of the old
+Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was usually
+from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty
+years and more of its existence many of these dropped
+out of the ranks and were widely scattered, their places
+being filled by others. The seed thus sown produced an
+abundant crop of artillerymen.</p>
+
+<p>General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he
+was directing the march of some artillery through one
+of the valleys between the mountain ranges near Chattanooga.
+The weather was cold and wet and the roads
+wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast
+in the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons
+were sunk to the hubs and obstinately refused to budge
+an inch, despite the floundering efforts of the panting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</span>
+horses and the picturesque profanity of the drivers.
+Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about
+equally discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition,
+sat on his horse surveying the scene, apparently
+caring little whether there were any stars left in the
+old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with him
+and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the
+mire. In conversation with him the general learned
+that the captain was an old-time member of the Cleveland
+artillery, and it was in consequence of what he
+learned in that company that he was induced to raise
+a battery and go to war in earnest.</p>
+
+<p>In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain
+of the Artillery and continued in that position for
+four years. David L. Wood was then again chosen and
+continued in command until a short time before the
+breaking out of the war.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and
+popular that in 1851 it was doubled in strength and its
+armament was increased to four guns. At this time
+there was no organization of the militia of Ohio, and
+very little had been done by the state authorities to
+foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could
+then have believed that ten years later the tocsin of
+war would be sounded, and that more than three hundred
+thousand men from Ohio alone would march to
+the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed”
+soldiering, either. It is safe to say that Ohio will
+never again be found in a state of such unreadiness—but
+may the good Lord deliver us from any more war!
+The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will
+all devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who
+served in the Civil War, they know when they have had
+enough.</p>
+
+<p>After much urging and coaxing the state authorities
+did at length consent to lend a helping hand. When
+the Cleveland Artillery was enlarged to a four-gun
+battery the state furnished the guns and harness. The<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</span>
+company supplied everything else, including caissons,
+uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained
+its status as an independent organization. In
+fact there was no law of Ohio authorizing artillery
+companies in any shape, and the small aid that was
+grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more
+of a gratuity than anything else.</p>
+
+<p>But the company continued to prosper just the same.
+Its membership was composed of excellent material,
+including young men from many of the best families of
+the city. All were earnest and ambitious in their efforts
+and they soon reached a high state of skill and efficiency
+in handling their guns and in all the details of the tactics
+in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms
+for public occasions, with plenty of red in them,
+suggestive of sanguinary scenes, and presented a really
+gorgeous appearance when parading the streets. They
+won the applause of the multitude, the smiles of the
+fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For in
+those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded
+with unspeakable awe; and a man in military
+dress awakened the liveliest emotions in the popular
+mind.</p>
+
+<p>In February, 1852, the company was first called upon
+for military duty. On the 17th of that month a serious
+riot occurred at a medical college situated at the corner
+of Prospect and Ontario streets. The trouble grew
+out of the exposure of some human bones from the
+dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be
+the remains of his daughter, whose body he thought
+had been stolen for dissection, gathered a formidable
+mob of excited people and moved upon the college
+with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and
+of hanging the doctors and students to the nearest
+lamp posts. The sheriff soon found that he had more
+on hand than he could manage and ordered out the Light
+Artillery to his assistance. The members of the company
+responded with alacrity and promptly appeared<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</span>
+upon the ground, unlimbering their pieces they double
+shotted them in full view of the rioters, who were
+warned that if they did not instantly disperse the
+guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts,
+ready to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and
+fled from the scene, in a slate of confused demoralization.
+For precautionary reasons the battery remained
+on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours, by
+the end of which time the excitement had abated and
+there was no repetition of the hostile demonstration.</p>
+
+<p>This incident clearly showed the value of such a
+body of trained men, to meet emergencies liable at
+times to arise in a rapidly growing city, where sudden
+excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking men
+to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities
+at defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory,
+fortunately a bloodless one. Its members were
+highly complimented for their prompt response to the
+call and their cool steadiness in the face of the excited
+mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were
+made of, though not to be compared with the scenes of
+carnage that some of those men faced without flinching
+in after years.</p>
+
+<p>The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in
+the Light Artillery, and to give the company substantial
+support and assistance. Again it became necessary
+to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient
+funds were contributed by the citizens and the members
+of the company to build a new armory. The
+building was erected in 1852, near the present junction
+of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on
+which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.</p>
+
+<p>The fame of the company went abroad throughout the
+land and invitations were received from far and near
+to attend large public gatherings. In 1852 an excursion
+was made by lake to Sandusky, at the request of
+citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists were
+handsomely entertained. In September of the same<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</span>
+year the anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane
+was celebrated by an immense assemblage of people
+with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara Falls. The
+Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large
+number of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There
+the horses were hitched to guns and caissons and the
+company marched to the Falls, attracting much attention
+along the route. The battery took an active part
+in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major
+Fay’s “crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853
+the Cleveland company attended by special invitation
+a large encampment of the New York state militia at
+Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery
+was warmly received and was a prominent feature of
+the encampment.</p>
+
+<p>The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or
+three years when, the location being for various reasons
+undesirable, it was decided to move once more.
+Quarters were secured near the business center of
+the city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a
+few rods west of Bank street, occupied after the war
+by Montpellier’s Variety Theater. Here the battery
+continued to abide until it went to the “front” in
+1861.</p>
+
+<p>At this time the company was in better condition
+than ever before. In good quarters, with full battery
+equipment and fine uniforms, and in an admirable
+state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as a
+model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light
+Artillery and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of
+the Rover Guards of Cincinnati, attended a great military
+gathering in that city, to celebrate the anniversary
+of Washington’s birthday. There were present a large
+number of the best drilled and equipped independent
+companies of Ohio and other states. None of them
+surpassed the Cleveland contingent in excellence of
+drill and martial bearing.</p>
+
+<p>During the next three or four years annual encampments<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</span>
+were held for practice in gunnery and field
+evolutions, and in the various duties of camp life.
+Frequent excursions continued to be made, in response
+to invitations received from all parts of the country.
+The citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation
+of the high standing of the company and
+the honor it had conferred upon the city by tendering
+its members occasional banquets which were largely
+attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment.
+These unsought recognitions were most gratifying to
+the artillerymen and incited them to the utmost efforts
+to “go on unto perfection.”</p>
+
+<p>It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest
+degree creditable to the company—that during all this
+time, embracing a period of twenty years, the large expenses
+pertaining to the organization, such as the purchase
+of uniforms and equipments of every kind, the
+building or rental of quarters, the cost of transportation
+and the employment of horses, were cheerfully
+paid by the members of the company, with some assistance
+from time to time by the citizens of Cleveland.
+The state furnished no part of the equipment except
+the guns and harness, and these only for a portion of
+the time.</p>
+
+<p>Below is given a complete roster of those whose
+names were borne upon the roll of the company at
+different times during these years. The names of the
+nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the
+Gun Squad have already been given. The list which
+follows embraces all who joined and served in its
+ranks from that time until the reorganization of the
+battery under the militia law of Ohio. The older
+residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar
+with its people of thirty and forty years ago, will
+recognize in this roster the names of many who are
+now, or were in the past, distinguished as honorable
+and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions
+in business, professional or political life. A large<span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</span>
+part of the old members of the Light Artillery are
+now dead. A considerable number of these made the
+supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar of patriotism,
+during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose
+names appear removed to other parts of the country
+and rose to prominence in the various walks of
+life. Some, including two of three of the detail from
+the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around Cleveland,
+commanding the highest respect and esteem of their
+fellow-citizens.</p>
+
+<p>These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized
+association to perpetuate the memories of “auld
+lang syne.” Regularly each year, on Washington’s
+birthday, they meet around the social board and recall
+reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance
+their comrades who died for their country,
+and upon the annual recurrence of Decoration Day
+they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves of
+those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland.
+The association is gradually diminishing in number, as
+one by one its members yield to the infirmities of age,
+but as long as any of them remain these yearly gatherings
+will be continued.</p>
+
+<p>The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery
+is as follows, including all whose names were on
+its roll from the beginning till the reorganization under
+the state law, in 1860:</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Andrews, J. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bennett, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adams, S. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bennett, John A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Abbey, H. G.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Brown, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ashcraft, S. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Burwell, H. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adams, M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Berry, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Barnett, James</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bradford, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bond, M. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Beardsley, Clint.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bond, T. N.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Babcock, C. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brown, Ben.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bynnar, C. E.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beardsley, E. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Benjame, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bliss, Stoughton</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bills, George W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bingham, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bocking, R. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bradburn, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl">Blake, I. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Berry, Alfred</td>
+<td class="tdl">Gardner, O. S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Baldwin, N. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Grimshaw, J. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beck, D. D.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hayward, W. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bull, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Harmon, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Born, C. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hill, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beckel, F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Higby, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Broat, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Harbeck, J. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Burkhardt, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Houghton, D. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowan, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Haskill, J. R.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowan, John.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hilliard, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Calkins, G. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Haidenburgh, J. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Casement, John S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Ingersoll, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craw, James A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Jones, Samuel</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, Randall</td>
+<td class="tdl">Johnson, J. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Coon, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Krauss, G.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowdry, C. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Kelley, George</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowdry, J. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Kittell, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craigen, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Krieger, Frank</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cate, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lawrence, W. E.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Champlain, Wm. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lyon, W. A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapman, W. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Langell, S. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craig, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lucas, M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl">Leonard, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapin, E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis, E. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Curtis, A. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis, S. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clayton, D. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alex.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crable, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Machette, Thomas H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cummings, B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Merwin, A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dockstader, Richard</td>
+<td class="tdl">McDole, N. K.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dockstader, W. J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McOmber, J. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunham, C. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Merriam, C. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dexter, B. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Miller, W. L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Douglass, R. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Miller, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, J. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McMurphy, P. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dumont, W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Mastick, H. A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ensworth, J. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McIlrath, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ensworth, Jere</td>
+<td class="tdl">Matthews, H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eddy, F. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Geo. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eldridge, George D.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Newell, N. M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edgarton, W. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Noble, H. M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Flint, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nelson, S. N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Freeman, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nelson, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Feickert, C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Pickersgill, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Geer, Hezekiah</td>
+<td class="tdl">Palmer, Horace</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Green, J. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Perry, J. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gerlacher, J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Paddock, T. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Fred</td>
+<td class="tdl">Potts, W. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Potts, R. C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, E.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</span>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pynchon, J. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, Nelson</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Patrick, C. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, J. R.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pratt, D. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sturtevant, S. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Price, David</td>
+<td class="tdl">Stevenson, M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Prentiss, W. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Pard B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pelton, F. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sweeny, Thomas T.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Race, Seymour</td>
+<td class="tdl">Stevens, W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rice, Percy W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sheldon, W. B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reese, C. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Silsbee, S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Redhead, N. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Story, J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ruple, D. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Smidt, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robinson, J. T.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Schent, D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robison, W. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Shields, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ruff, Peter</td>
+<td class="tdl">Taylor, D. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rodder, C. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Thompson, T. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Russell, C. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Towner, W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Scovill, O. C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Umbstaetter, D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Scovill, Edward A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Utley, F. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, W. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wood, David L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, W. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Walworth, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, S. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Walworth, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, Geo. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Whittemore, M. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Simmonds, W. R.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Whittemore, H. L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sholl, W. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Warmington, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Seymour, Belden</td>
+<td class="tdl">White, N. D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Strong, J. T.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Winslow, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, J. M. Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wilbur, J. B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wehl, V.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Simmonds, S. J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Selden, C. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Werlig, A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sturges, S. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wilson, F.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery,
+it will be fitting to pay deserved tribute to
+the memory of David L. Wood, who served as its commandant
+for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and
+ability the company was so largely indebted for its
+honorable and successful career. He was born in Litchfield
+county, Connecticut, August 14, 1817. While yet
+a lad his parents removed to Buffalo, where he learned
+the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed to
+Cleveland and at once identified himself with the
+Grays. His connection with Fay’s Artillery Company<span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</span>
+in Buffalo, his detail from the Grays as sergeant of
+the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services in the
+battery have already been mentioned. Under the law
+passed in 1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was
+appointed by Governor Chase to the responsible position
+of Quartermaster General of the state. So faithfully
+and efficiently did he discharge the duties of the
+position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison
+and was at the head of that most important department
+of the state executive when the war broke out
+in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability in
+fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded
+to the call. But the true military spirit was
+strong in him and nothing could satisfy him but active
+service in the field. He resigned his position at
+Columbus and having been by the President commissioned
+a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he
+went to the front in December.
+His regiment was afterward assigned to Thomas’s
+corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar
+thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so
+fearfully decimated, he was severely wounded. When
+partially recovered he asked to be placed on such duty
+as he could perform and was put in charge of a recruiting
+station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan
+made his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took
+command of a hastily organized company and joined
+in the pursuit of the rebel troopers, bearing an honorable
+part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon after
+this, although still suffering from the effects of his
+wound, he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment
+in the field, but it was not granted by reason of his
+disability and he was placed on the retired list.</p>
+
+<p>He went to Cleveland where he was several times
+elected a Justice of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to
+New York, in the hope that the climate might prove
+more favorable to his failing health. He grew worse,
+however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</span>
+He was almost immediately prostrated by severe illness,
+which terminated fatally a few days later. On May 2nd
+he died, sincerely mourned by a wide circle of friends,
+and particularly by his old comrades of the Cleveland
+Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately
+associated.</p>
+
+<p>Many will remember that for two or three years before
+the war, as the fast-growing sentiment against
+slavery became more active and aggressive in the North,
+there were mutterings that boded ill for the peace of
+the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds
+that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally
+burst upon the country in all its savage fury. These
+“signs of the times” had the effect, everywhere, to
+arouse the state authorities from their lethargy and
+measures were taken to encourage and promote the
+organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature
+of Ohio passed a militia law. The friends of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery had for years been hammering
+at the law-givers, urging the importance of state
+aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its
+way into the minds of the state officials and members
+of the Legislature, that an emergency might arise
+when a few serviceable cannon, and trained men to
+use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the
+new law they authorized the formation of artillery
+companies, each to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two
+sergeants and twenty privates, with one gun and caisson.
+The law further provided for the organization
+of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than
+six of such one-gun companies.</p>
+
+<p>In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland
+Artillery—four guns—was at once reorganized
+into four companies, and there were added one in Brooklyn,
+Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula
+county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though
+its strength in men and guns was only
+that of a single battery after things were placed upon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</span>
+a war footing. The following field and staff officers
+were elected and commissioned by the Governor August
+1, 1860:</p>
+
+<p class="lh">Colonel—James Barnett.</p>
+<p class="lh">Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.</p>
+<p class="lh">Major—Clark S. Gates.</p>
+<p class="lh">Surgeon—C. E. Ames.</p>
+<p class="lh">Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.</p>
+<p class="lh">Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.</p>
+
+<p>The companies of the regiment were commended as
+follows:</p>
+
+<p class="lh">Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.</p>
+
+
+<p>The organization was officially designated as the
+“First Regiment of Light Artillery, Third Brigade,
+Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer Militia.”</p>
+
+<p>The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment”
+was at the unveiling of the statue of Commodore
+Perry, in Cleveland, September 10th, 1860. The occasion
+was an imposing one, and a number of military
+companies from abroad were present and participated
+in the parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island,
+which was Commodore Perry’s native state. The visiting
+troops and distinguished guests accompanying them
+were hospitably entertained during their stay in Cleveland
+by the members and friends of the Artillery and
+the Grays. A few months later the pomp and glory
+of a holiday pageant were exchanged for the stern
+realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell
+into the ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860.
+As the political campaign of that year progressed the
+result was foreshadowed by the strong drift of public<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</span>
+sentiment at the North. The “fire-eaters” of the South
+wrought themselves into a high state of excitement
+over their prospective defeat and for a month before
+the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession
+and revolution in such a contingency. The northern
+people were slow to believe that these declarations
+were anything more than “wind.” Even when they
+began to take definite form, after the election, the number
+was yet small who believed there would be a conflict
+of arms.</p>
+
+<p>The success of the Republican party in the election
+was made the pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks
+later South Carolina packed her knapsack and marched
+out of the Union. Six other states followed closely
+upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten
+at the ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box,
+but—as those most interested in this volume will
+remember, for they helped to make it so—this experiment
+was equally unsatisfactory to them in its outcome.</p>
+
+<p>By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and
+the people of the South to show great activity in the
+organization of military companies, the impression became
+quite general throughout the North that the situation
+was critical and there was serious trouble ahead—and
+not very far ahead, either. The great “coming
+event” of the century was “casting its shadow before.”
+Every day but strengthened and intensified the determination,
+through the great, loyal North, that at all
+hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag protected
+from dishonor.</p>
+
+<p>During the winter of 1860, months before the North
+was aroused by the mighty reveille that sounded amidst
+the echoes of Sumter, many independent companies then
+existing made a voluntary offer of their services, provided
+they should be needed. Among the first to show
+a desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was
+the Cleveland six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</span>
+as there began to be a smell of powder in the air the
+members of this organization promptly developed an
+appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General
+of Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services
+and stating that they might be depended upon to respond
+instantly to the call of duty. In two or three
+days an answer was received. The Adjutant General
+commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and
+in the name of the state thanked them effusively for
+their noble offer, but added that he had no idea they
+would be called upon, <em>as it was not at all probable
+that any cavalry or artillery would be required</em>! No
+doubt this official’s views soon underwent a most radical
+change. But his depressing letter had the effect of
+the proverbial “wet blanket” upon the more enthusiastic
+artillerists, who were beginning to actually suffer for
+a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be
+“much of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that
+during the ensuing four years there was not enough
+to go around; everybody who wanted any of it had
+abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after
+the Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General
+some of them really mourned over the prospect of “getting
+left.”</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_II">CHAPTER II.<br>
+<span class="smcap fs70 lh">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the Artillery
+Goes to the Front.</span></h2>
+</div>
+
+<p>At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky
+day—April 12, 1861, the rebel batteries at
+Charleston opened fire on Fort Sumter. The fort was
+surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On this day
+President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling
+out seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months.
+That night it went out by telegraph, and on Monday
+the people of the North knew that the last hope of
+compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war”
+had been slipped, and the country was to be tested in
+the fierce crucible of a mighty conflict. None who
+witnessed it, or were a part of it, can ever forget the
+grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses, from
+Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio
+river, to avenge the insult of the National Flag. It
+need only be alluded to in this connection. The quotas
+of the various states under the first call for troops
+were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more
+than filled in a single day. All the organized military
+companies in Ohio offered their services, and all were
+clamorous that they should be accepted. There seemed
+to be a generally prevailing fear that the war would
+be “all over” before they could get there.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad
+of the Cleveland Artillery was detailed more than
+twenty years before—left amidst prodigious excitement
+for Columbus, became Company E of the First Ohio
+Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But
+so far there was no call for the artillery. How all the
+men, from Colonel to powder-monkey, chafed in the
+impatience of their raging patriotism. It would be
+sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove
+that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</span>
+artillery would be needed”—or if a few cannon should
+be required the batteries of the Regular Army would
+supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would remain
+“out in the cold.”</p>
+
+<p>But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys,
+who were fretting themselves sick, had not long to
+wait for the glad summons. On Saturday, April 20,
+the following dispatch went singing over the wires:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right lh">Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent lh">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>
+<p class="lh">Cleveland, O.</p>
+
+<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery,
+including Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday
+if possible. You can hire horses for the guns
+here or at your point of service. Bring harness and
+everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You
+retain Colonel’s rank. By order—</p>
+
+<p class="right">H. B. Carrington,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the
+evening of the day named. How the news spread
+through the city, as if borne upon the wings of the
+wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys
+to thumping and how they cheered at the tidings,
+while tears dimmed the eyes and moistened the cheeks
+of wives and mothers and sisters and sweethearts!</p>
+
+<p>Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the
+following order to captains of companies:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>You will report your command of twenty men ready
+to march to Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at
+the Public Square. You will have your piece and
+caisson and harness complete at the depot between
+Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of
+ten men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A.
+M., under the command of a sergeant, and when embarked
+report to your superior officers.</p>
+
+<p>By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.</p>
+
+<p class="right">James Barnett,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Colonel First Regiment Artillery,<br>
+S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</span></p>
+
+<p>A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir
+up that company, and a telegram was sent to Geneva,
+carrying the news to Company F.</p>
+
+<p>“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as
+the artillerymen hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation
+for “going to war.” In Cleveland, as everywhere
+else, there was a furious ferment of excitement. For
+the moment business of every kind was laid aside. The
+one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands
+and sons and brothers had been called to the
+field to defend the nation’s flag. Not only their immediate
+friends but the citizens generally put forth
+every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.
+Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made.
+But no stimulating force was then necessary, for every
+heart was swelling with patriotic ardor and the spirit
+of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the utterance
+of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to
+express sympathy with those who had fired on the flag
+his life would not have been worth a rush. If there
+were any such, they kept prudently quiet. People
+shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words
+of cheer and encouragement to those who were about
+to leave for “the front.” The boys had little need,
+however, of being urged to obey the call of duty, and
+sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state
+of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their
+guns in the face of the foe.</p>
+
+<p>The state of public feeling was about as hot as it
+could be, but on Sunday morning another dispatch
+was received which added more fuel to the fierce
+flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.
+It was as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">
+Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>
+
+<p>Can you bring your command here tonight instead of
+waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+William Dennison, Governor.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</span></p>
+
+<p>Thus early people began to learn that there is “no
+Sunday in war.” All that day the excitement increased.
+Those who took the time to go to church listened to
+sermons on the duty of the hour.</p>
+
+<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment
+in time to get away on Sunday and the Governor was
+informed by telegraph that it would leave early Monday
+morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny at
+Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and
+could be ready to leave that night for the rendezvous at
+Cleveland. The necessary transportation was provided
+and the company reported before daylight. Company C.
+from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and
+half the people of that town accompanied the boys to
+the city to “see them off.”</p>
+
+<p>During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there
+was the greatest activity among the members and
+friends of the regiment. The whole city was astir and
+fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of people
+turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading
+to Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers.
+The latter were, of course, only provided with a “pick
+up” outfit, it being expected that all necessary clothing
+and supplies would be furnished by the state authorities.</p>
+
+<p>In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape
+as possible the citizens contributed a sum sufficient for
+the purchase of one hundred and twenty blankets—all
+that could be found in Cleveland suitable for military
+use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,
+and the following memorandum of the purchases
+is given as an item of interest:</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdc">Number.</td>
+<td class="tdrx">Price.</td>
+<td class="tdrx">Amount.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">E. I. Baldwin</td>
+<td class="tdrx">12</td>
+<td class="tdrx">$ 1.48⅓</td>
+<td class="tdrx">$ 17.80</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Taylor &amp; Griswold</td>
+<td class="tdrx">3</td>
+<td class="tdrx">2.50</td>
+<td class="tdrx">7.50</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Alcott &amp; Horton</td>
+<td class="tdrx">92</td>
+<td class="tdrx">2.00</td>
+<td class="tdrx">184.00</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Morgan &amp; Root</td>
+<td class="tdrx">13</td>
+<td class="tdrx">1.75</td>
+<td class="tdrx">22.75</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">——</td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</td>
+<td class="tdrx">120</td>
+<td class="tdrx"></td>
+<td class="tdrx">$232.05</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</span></p>
+
+<p>At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about
+one hundred and sixty men, embarked on a special
+train. There were hasty and tearful farewells and
+the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and
+cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music
+of brass bands.</p>
+
+<p>At that time no one had more than a vague and
+foggy idea of what war was. It had not yet become the
+serious matter that it was a few months later, and
+during the four long and bitter years that followed.
+The first volunteers went to the field with a grand
+hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism,
+but with no conception of the hardship and privation
+and blood and fire and death that were before them.
+The sickle was sharpened but had not been thrust in
+to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no
+stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with
+mangled victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed
+with the dead and dying; no long, weary marches,
+through heat and cold and storm; no ravages of wasting
+disease. All these were yet as an unopened book
+to these men hastening to the field, and to those who
+with moistened eyes and beating hearts bade them
+farewell and God speed. Only a few then believed that
+there would be much of a war—that the trouble would
+not all be over in sixty or ninety days.</p>
+
+<p>The following is a roster of the regiment as it left
+Cleveland, the officers of the field and staff having been
+already given. A few men who joined some of the
+companies a few weeks later are included:</p>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company A.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A.
+Bennett.</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Roger D. Throup,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Thos J. Thompson,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Joseph Dunn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John J. Kelley,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John A. Benjamin,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John H. Blair,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry New,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George W. Clark,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry H. Rebbeck,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thomas D. Beckwith,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. Hale Sypher,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward P. Anson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. M. Camp,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Isaac Cramer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Moels,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">David H. Throup,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Daniel Reynolds,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Richard Dunn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John R. Milton,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Bruster,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Amasa Bailey,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">William Bruner.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company B.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First
+Sergeant, Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant
+Mathias Adams.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Daniel Scheuer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick Beckel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Chapin,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Leonard Nerriter,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John Galcher,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Abraham Fredericks,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Andrew Worley,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Michael Schoemer,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nicholas Weidenkopf,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter Ruff,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Ebert,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adolph Menzelman,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lawrence Nigel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter Reidenbach,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Christian Tenfel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis Fahrion,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Erhart,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">Michael Lucas.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company C.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears;
+First Sergeant, F. S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C.
+Schneider.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Levi Fish,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Abel Fish,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Fish,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Fish,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Heve,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John C. Brainerd,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">F. W. Wirth,</td>
+<td class="tdl">C. M. Dean,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Llewellyn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. H. Boyden,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">C. E. Marcellus,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. L. Hand,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Storer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">E. S. Allen,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Lyon,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Grotzinger,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">G. R. Davis,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Wattles,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward S. Brainerd,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Roberts,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">George Schmale.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company D.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</span>
+Sergeant, E. F. Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">W. P. Edgarton,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. S. Harbeck,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George D. E. Murray,</td>
+<td class="tdl">N. A. Baldwin,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">D. S. Davis,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Crawford,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Kidd,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. C. Shields,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. G. Vincent,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Orland,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Wilson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. A. Sterling,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robinson Smith,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. A. Champlin,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">S. W. Killam,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Marshall,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">C. H. Rice,</td>
+<td class="tdl">L. W. Thatcher,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">G. W. Tillotson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Orlando S. Gardner.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company E.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck;
+First Sergeant, Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine
+Heckman.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. A. Zeller,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Thaler,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Albert Rigler,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Conrad Schwendner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Jacob Bomhardt,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Eshenbrenner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George W. Payson,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Bruehler,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Charles Herig,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fred Wetzel,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Schutt,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gerhardt Schmidt,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Kugler,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Trumpy,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Wolf,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">August Beiser.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company F.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S.
+Munger; Second Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First
+Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second Sergeant, C. D. Lane;
+Corporal, J. H. Coller.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. H. Thorp,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. H. H. Crowell,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">A. D. Myers,</td>
+<td class="tdl">D. W. Dorman,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">W. E. Proctor,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. A. Burrows,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">M. L. Fitch,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. R. Paddock,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. W. Gage,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. B. Thorp,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Theodore Stroughton,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. D. Stowe,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Viets,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Myron Bartholomew,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">E. D. Turner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. Y. Ransom,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">A. B. Smith.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="lh">Musician—James Willis.</p>
+
+<p>Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon
+Chambers, Edward Gates, Thomas Morris.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</span></p>
+
+<p>It may be remarked here in passing that the men
+were not long in learning that there was something in
+“soldiering” besides romance and “flowery beds of ease.”
+Before June 1st six or seven of them had been discharged
+for disability by reason of sickness, and one
+made up his mind that he had got all he wanted and
+deserted.</p>
+
+<p>All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed
+and shouted in the exuberance of their patriotic emotions,
+and told one another of the valorous deeds they
+would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded
+them. At all points along the route the people greeted
+them with uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted
+the guns and caissons, which were on platform cars,
+were regarded with the utmost curiosity and interest
+by crowds of men, women and children. The engines
+of war were a novelty to them.</p>
+
+<p>On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed
+that the regiment would debark and go into camp
+for a few days at least—an order was received to proceed
+at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way of Loveland.
+It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being
+threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry
+companies from that part of the state which had offered
+their services had been sent to Washington. The
+city was wholly defenseless and there were no troops to
+send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.
+After something had been learned of the art of war it
+came to be considered the proper thing to always provide
+an infantry support for artillery, but nobody
+thought of such things at the moment of emergency.
+So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland,
+with their guns and caissons, but without a single horse
+to move them, were hurried away to prevent the rebels
+from capturing Marietta. It is but justice to the members
+of the regiment to say that they had an abiding
+confidence in their ability to hold that city against the
+entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</span>
+whirling on through the darkness all hearts were swelling
+with patriotism and a heroic determination to obey
+every call of duty, even to facing death in its most awful
+form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence
+wading in blood immediately.</p>
+
+<p>Marietta was reached early next morning but no
+enemy was there to fight. The air was full of wild
+rumors that legions of rebels were approaching, with
+evil designs upon the city, and the people were badly
+scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real
+cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The
+men were most cordially welcomed and received with
+unbounded hospitality. The regiment went into camp
+on the fair grounds, placing the guns in position to
+command the city and spread havoc and destruction
+among any misguided people who should attempt to
+capture it.</p>
+
+<p>The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in
+the way of supplies from either the state or national
+government. Indeed the men had not even been
+mustered into the service—and as a matter of fact they
+were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions
+were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by
+mail and telegraph, for clothing, rations, ammunition,
+etc., all of which were quite indispensable to efficient
+service. When ordered on from Columbus Colonel
+Barnett had been assured that everything needful would
+be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor
+was the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The
+Cleveland contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten.
+It was a pretty clear case of “out of sight out
+of mind.” There may have been some excuse for this
+in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly and
+found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency;
+nor had there been sufficient time as yet for
+the United States government to adjust itself to a condition
+of actual war and provide for the needs of its
+soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</span>
+they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing
+them to the front in the shortest possible time
+everything was in the wildest chaos. It is little wonder
+that things went at haphazard and it was only by chance
+that any officer got for his men what they needed.</p>
+
+<p>As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions
+came both officers and men began to get a little
+warm under the collar. Colonel Barnett prodded up the
+Columbus people daily, his messages growing more and
+more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been
+provided with a single horse and would have been of
+little practical value in case of an attack, unless the
+rebels had kindly marched up in front of the guns and
+permitted themselves to be shot down. In this case the
+slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been
+supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment
+passed through Columbus the condition of the command
+was reported and the Adjutant General had promised
+that horses and ammunition should be promptly furnished
+at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,
+before leaving the state capital, several pork
+barrels full of round shot, a few chests of fine rifle
+powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey stuff, ostensibly for
+the purpose of making cartridges. The whole “outfit”
+was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns
+and the powder was no doubt a good thing with which
+to go squirrel hunting, but was little better than so
+much sawdust for artillery use. It will be readily understood
+that at this time the Cleveland Light Artillery
+was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage
+to the Southern Confederacy.</p>
+
+<p>The men had no clothing except that which they
+had brought from home. Few had a change of garments,
+as it was understood when they left Cleveland that they
+would be amply supplied. They could rub along a while
+with what clothes they had but they must have “grub”—that
+was in the nature of a prime and fundamental
+necessity. Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</span>
+but it didn’t go a long way in satisfying the cravings
+of an empty stomach. Appeals to the authorities were
+in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a contract
+with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the
+command. There was nothing else to be done, and it
+is just to the authorities to say that this bill was finally
+allowed and paid by the state. It is also fair to Mr.
+Hall to say that he carried out his contract in good faith,
+furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin
+for grumbling.</p>
+
+<p>The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was
+named “Camp Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic
+citizen of Marietta who was a direct descendant of Gen.
+Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary fame. The
+men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or two
+later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme.
+The kindness and hospitality of the citizens
+were conspicuous. No effort was spared to make the
+boys as comfortable as possible. But even under these
+favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that they
+were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good
+deal for their country. When they came to experience
+the real hardships of active service in the field they
+looked back with unutterable yearnings to the idle weeks
+that were largely spent in playing euchre and “old
+sledge” at Camp Putnam.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and
+of the post of Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline
+and daily drills rapidly increased the efficiency
+of the command. Early efforts were made to secure a
+supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked up
+at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were
+no shells or canister, and the solid shot were not only
+wrong in size but they were not round and could not
+have been thrown with any degree of precision. Colonel
+Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a quantity
+of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged
+the use of a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</span>
+work turning sabots, and a laboratory was fitted up
+where cartridges were made and the sabots were properly
+strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work was performed
+by the members of the regiment. Many of them
+were excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and
+willing. Such men can do anything. The ladies of
+Marietta offered their services, glad of the opportunity to
+do something for the cause of the Union. Since the first
+tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint and
+preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly
+in excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody
+had been hurt yet, and a million or two of women
+all over the North had been engaged in the work. Now
+there was a chance for the matrons and maidens of
+Marietta to render assistance in another very practical
+way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured
+and immediately a hundred fair hands were at work,
+plying scissors and needle, in making cartridge-bags.
+The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a wonderfully
+short time they had finished enough to last for months.
+The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at
+Columbus was exchanged for cannon powder, and the
+artillery began to look more like business. This homemade
+ammunition was largely used in target practice,
+which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness.
+Day after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery,
+as the boys sighted their guns at the targets and
+imagined themselves hurling the whistling missiles
+through solid battalions of rebels.</p>
+
+<p>It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing
+and camp and garrison equipage were received.
+About the middle of May, Captain O. M. Poe, of the Corps
+of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by Gen.
+George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery
+with a view to its being ready for service, at a
+moment’s notice. Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly
+pleased with the command and the drill, discipline and
+soldierly bearing of its members. He assured Colonel<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</span>
+Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped without
+further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at
+length there would be something besides mere promises.
+A few days later this was partially realized by the arrival
+of a quantity of clothing, which made the men
+feel more like soldiers, even though it was shoddy—and
+very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the
+garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two
+of wear was sufficient to finish them. They had to be
+thrown aside out of a decent regard for the usages and
+proprieties of civilized people. While wearing these
+clothes the men would break for their quarters and hide
+themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came
+a lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds.
+These were heartily welcomed, as the boys had been
+forced to make all sorts of shifts, with such articles as
+were kindly furnished them by the people of Marietta.</p>
+
+<p>About this time another idea appears to have effected
+a lodgment in the minds of the authorities at Columbus,
+and that was that horses were quite essential for field
+artillery. A stirring up by Gen. McClellan caused a
+dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing and directing
+him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or
+“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really
+was—by purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta.
+A day later came the following, which will be of interest
+as a relic of the early days of the war:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Adjutant General’s Office,</p>
+<p class="right">Columbus, May 25, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">Special Order No. 244.</p>
+
+<p>Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you
+have not previously acted upon telegram sent this evening,
+you will purchase for your battery 76 horses, upon
+the best terms you can, putting them under the best
+discipline for prompt action.</p>
+
+<p>From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected
+that you can purchase for a sum not to exceed
+from 75 to 110 dollars each. The army limit I understand<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</span>
+to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at these
+times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to
+whom you have letters and report your proposals by
+telegraph.</p>
+
+<p>By order of Commander-in-Chief,</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the
+sum of $10,000 was placed to his credit by the State of
+Ohio, in a Marietta bank, out of which the horses were
+to be paid for as fast as purchased. On the same day
+the above order was received, came also the following
+telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of
+excitement and caused a wild rush into the region round
+about to look for horses:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,</p>
+<p class="right">Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to
+me when ready for service.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General U. S. A.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the
+battery were immediately sent out to scour the country.
+Whenever a suitable animal was found that could be
+bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel Barnett
+was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the
+sort of animal purchased and the price that had been
+agreed upon. These orders were promptly paid by
+Colonel Barnett with checks upon the bank. A few
+sample orders are given below. They were written on
+cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd
+bits of paper of every variety of size, shape and color:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one
+daple gray horse.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+F. W. Pelton.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy
+dollars ($170) for one sorril gelding and one sorril
+mare.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+John Newton.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+To Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars
+in Ohio money for one iron grey horse, weight eleven
+hundred, six years old, fifteen hands high, wich we ar
+a going to keep with us. Sargt. Gruninger want to keep
+him to ride and send the livery horse home.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+T. R. Wells.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. James Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars
+for two sorrel mairs, 160$.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Henry Faring.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These orders, besides being of historical interest, go
+to show that correct orthography is not essential to the
+purest and loftiest patriotism. The “mairs” for which
+the last order was given were accepted, although of the
+wrong sex to comply with army regulations, which requires
+that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery
+service shall be of the masculine gender. Only
+males, of the equine as well as the human race, are considered
+to be fit for war.</p>
+
+<p>Within two days the required number of horses was
+obtained. All hands were busy “breaking them in” to
+their new sphere of usefulness. Trained horses are only
+second in value to trained men for artillery service.
+When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference
+in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear
+to have a plentiful supply of “sand” and display
+an intelligent courage that is almost heroic, while others
+become sadly demoralized under fire and are totally unmanageable.</p>
+
+<p>Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns
+into the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was to participate. Something fresh in
+this line was circulated through the camp every hour.
+No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned later<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</span>
+to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody
+in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had
+a consuming desire to do something that would help to
+put down the rebellion. Like all new troops, at every
+stage of the war, they were impressed with the idea that
+their mission was to fight somebody, and they chafed at
+the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be
+strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to
+test the truth of the somewhat apocryphal statement
+that “it is sweet to die for one’s country,” it may safely
+be recorded that they were eager to go on the war-path,
+and as to the rest they were willing to take the
+chances. An order to move was daily expected and the
+utmost activity prevailed in the work of getting everything
+in perfect readiness to respond at once to the
+summons.</p>
+
+<p>By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta,
+consisting of the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel
+James B. Steadman, and the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers,
+Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth had been drilling
+for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It came
+with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for
+service. The Eighteenth had not yet received arms and
+equipments, but these were promised at an early day.
+In those days a regiment of infantry meant a thousand
+men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred,
+such as were common later in the war, when the ranks
+had been decimated by disease and the deadly storm of
+battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached Marietta on the
+24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.</p>
+
+<p>The rumors of forward movements at length assumed
+definite form. It became known that a campaign was
+about to begin across the river in Western Virginia. On
+May 27th the following dispatch was received:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">
+Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply<span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</span>
+him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers
+and men.</p>
+
+<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat
+to Parkersburg, Virginia—the state of West Virginia
+had not then been formed—being the first Union force
+to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took possession
+without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It
+was now reasonably certain that the artillery would
+very soon follow to take part in the campaign. Every
+man was directed to hold himself ready to be up and
+away at a moment’s notice.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_III">CHAPTER III.<br>
+<span class="smcap fs70">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</span></h2>
+</div>
+
+<p>Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of
+glory disturbed the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam
+during the night of May 27th. Nor were they far out of
+the way, for before another sunset, part of the artillery
+would be en route for “the front.” Early on the morning
+of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett
+a dispatch which read as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Send immediately to this place two companies of
+artillery, with their pieces, horses, and three hundred
+rounds of ammunition.</p>
+
+<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing
+Colonel Steadman that the battery was entirely destitute
+of ammunition for field service. A supply was hourly
+expected and upon its arrival the detachment would be
+sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the afternoon
+Colonel Steadman replied as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>If you can send two of your companies with their
+pieces do so at once. The presence of the men and guns
+will have a good effect. Send forward as many of the
+Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed and equipped.
+I want them to garrison this place. These are General
+McClellan’s instructions.</p>
+
+<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams
+from all sources, among which were the following:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</span>
+rounds of canister will be shipped to you from Columbus
+this evening. As soon as you receive it detach two
+pieces with an officer and complement of men with ammunition
+to go forward and report to Col. Steadman at
+the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
+beyond Parkersburg.</p>
+
+<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan.
+Telegraph me when you move a company. Keep me advised
+of all your movements. Clothing and supplies go
+by your Quartermaster.</p>
+
+<p class="right">H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a
+continual fever of excitement, which grew hotter every
+hour. In reply to Colonel Steadman’s second dispatch
+Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the substance of General
+McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the two
+companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam
+was greatly disturbed by the question as to which
+two of the six companies should constitute this detachment.
+All were eager to go, apparently saddened by the
+thought that this, their first, might be their last, and
+only chance to get an experimental knowledge of what
+war was. The military career of the four companies
+which stayed behind would terminate in an inglorious
+journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning
+their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D,
+Captain Rice, and F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate
+ones. They were ordered to be ready to embark early on
+the following day. The detachment was placed in command
+of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.</p>
+
+<p>The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies
+D and F, with their guns, horses, and equipments
+complete, were soon on board a special steamboat and left
+in high spirits, replying with great gusts to the parting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</span>
+cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained. On
+reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve
+miles down the river from Marietta, it was found that
+Colonel Steadman, to whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges
+had been ordered to report with the detachment, had advanced
+some distance beyond that place on the line of the
+Baltimore &amp; Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged
+in repairing bridges which the retreating enemy
+had destroyed. The artillery detachment pushed on
+promptly and joined him May 30—12 M. At last they
+were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to send
+the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia
+hills. The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen
+a rousing reception, greeting them with loud and
+oft-repeated cheers.</p>
+
+<p>At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command
+of the rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with
+his headquarters at Grafton. The loyal sentiment in
+Western Virginia was very strong. Those who favored
+secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed
+of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy
+the territory as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording
+encouragement and protection to the loyal people
+and holding that section from being dragged into the
+vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the great
+majority of the people.</p>
+
+<p>The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to
+retain possession to recruit their armies, secure the
+supplies which the country afforded, and bring every possible
+influence to bear upon the people to induce them to
+cast their fortunes with the South. To this end Colonel
+Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior
+to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a
+high-flown proclamation to the people of Western Virginia.
+In sounding phrase he called upon them to stand
+by their state and urged them to fill up the Confederate
+ranks and assist in protecting their firesides from the
+ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</span>
+of Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated
+“Yankees,” though it took every drop of blood in his
+veins. A few days later he and such of his soldiers as
+were not killed or captured were leaving tracks behind
+them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape
+from their blue-coated pursuers.</p>
+
+<p>General McClellan was in command of all the Union
+forces in that department. He planned the campaign
+and directed the movements that were so successful during
+the early days of the war. The services rendered by
+the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of inestimable
+value to the government, even though the
+amount of blood actually shed on either side was not
+large when compared with the copious streams that reddened
+the earth before the war was finished. The
+“battles” of those days would have ranked only as
+skirmishes when the great conflict was at its height,
+when mighty armies met and thousands upon thousands
+were slain or wounded in a single day. But history has
+justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to
+arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry
+saved Western Virginia to the Union. In this
+campaign the Cleveland Light Artillery bore a most
+honorable part and deserved the high praise which was
+so freely accorded to it.</p>
+
+<p>The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment
+of the Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced
+rapidly along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, moving
+by train with occasional stops for the repair of bridges
+and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished
+that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached,
+about eighty miles east of Parkersburg. There
+was occasional skirmishing on the way, and a few prisoners
+were picked up, but no action of moment took place.
+The enemy retreated at all points before the advance
+of the Union force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied,
+without loss of life, by a force under Colonel B. F. Kelley,
+First Virginia (Union) Volunteers, which made a rapid<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</span>
+movement from Wheeling and secured a safe lodgment
+at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad
+haste upon its approach.</p>
+
+<p>The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg
+and Grafton fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles
+south of Grafton. Here they made a stand and announced
+their determination to fight. It was at once
+decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate
+advance of the Union forces upon that place was
+ordered. It was desirable to again strike the enemy
+before he should have time to fortify and otherwise
+strengthen his position. The rebel commander was calling
+loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of
+the utmost importance to keep him on the run before his
+force should be so augmented as to outnumber the Union
+troops. The greatest energy was displayed in the movement
+on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies of the
+Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of
+the Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster,
+within 12 miles of Grafton, and the nearest point to
+Philippi. To reach the latter, a rapid march of fifteen
+miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved
+from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery
+in command of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At
+the same time another column was advancing on Philippi
+from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The whole expedition
+was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,
+Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General
+McClellan.</p>
+
+<p>It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see
+what has become of the four companies of the artillery
+which remained grumbling in Camp Putnam when
+Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment to
+join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long
+to wait. One more night in camp, and then came a summons
+that electrified them. The four companies, with all
+the goods, chattels and other appurtenances thereto belonging,
+embarked on a steamboat and went with all speed<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</span>
+to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river opposite
+Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five
+miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders
+set their feet for the first time within the confines
+of Dixie’s Land. Barnett reported to General Morris
+and was directed to move his command at once by
+rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to
+the column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon
+Philippi. The infantry force consisted of portions of
+Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia, the North Indiana,
+Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel Irvine.
+This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles
+east of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi
+was to be made. The route was four or five miles longer
+than that to be traversed by the co-operating force to
+advance from Webster.</p>
+
+<p>General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing
+the details of the movement, dated Grafton,
+June 2d, 1861: You must regulate your march according
+to your own discretion, and your bivouac or rest at
+night in such manner that you are sure of coming before
+the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning
+as possible. Should you this evening receive certain
+information that the rebels have retreated eastward
+from Philippi, you will make the resting time of your
+troops as short as possible, in order to follow them up
+with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.</p>
+
+<p>The right attacking column was under the command
+of Colonel Dumont, Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to
+which the force of Steadman had been joined, with part
+of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The following
+is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,</p>
+
+<p class="right">Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent">Colonel Dumont,</p>
+<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Va.:</span></p>
+
+<p>Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</span>
+at 8:30 o’clock to Webster with eight companies of your
+regiment. At Webster you will be Joined by Colonel
+Steadman with five companies of his regiment and two
+field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel Crittenden
+with six companies of his regiment. From Webster you
+will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your
+own discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in
+view that you should arrive in front of the town at 4
+o’clock precisely tomorrow morning.</p>
+
+<p>Information is received that the rebels are in some
+force at Philippi. The object of your column will be to
+divert attention until the attack is made by Colonel
+Kelley, and should resistance be offered you are to aid
+him to the extent of your ability. In the conduct of your
+column you must use your discretion, being governed
+by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by
+Colonel Kelley the whole force will be under his command.</p>
+
+<p>The companies of your command will take two full
+days’ rations. Should you receive instructions from
+Colonel Kelley that the rebels have retreated, you will
+join him at once and act under his command.</p>
+
+<p>By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:</p>
+
+<p class="right">JOHN A. STEIN.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Acting Assistant Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The intention was to surprise the rebels and the
+movement was admirably planned and carried out to
+effect this result. This force, leaving after dark, had
+reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in advance
+of any information from their friends and, as events
+proved, did so. The advance was favored by the extreme
+darkness of the night and a continuous fall of rain.
+These circumstances contributed in no small degree to
+the complete success of the expedition, but they were
+rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first
+march under such dismal conditions.</p>
+
+<p>All night, through the darkness and drenching rain,
+the two columns pushed on, over roads so rough and
+muddy that they were in some places almost impassable
+to artillery. It was only by the aid of the men who
+swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to the
+wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</span>
+and caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism
+indeed. They tried bravely to keep up their spirits as
+they trudged along through mud and water and stumbled
+over the roots and stumps and stones that lay in their
+pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see
+his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the
+poetry and romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness
+and completeness that was paralyzing. Most of
+these men “followed the flag” during the long years of
+war. They passed through many such unspeakably
+wretched nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed
+to equal in misery those weary hours of floundering
+through the mire, with benumbed limbs and soaked and
+dripping garments during that night march to Philippi.</p>
+
+<p>There was no postponement of the engagement on
+account of the weather, and promptly at the appointed
+hour, 4 a. m., the two columns were in communication
+before the town. Like most of the so-called “towns” in
+the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place,
+though the county seat of Barbour county. It had a
+shabby courthouse, a still more shabby hotel, a few
+houses in which the Philippians lived, and a name—that
+was all.</p>
+
+<p>The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly
+and carefully made, with the object of capturing the
+entire rebel force, whatever it might be. At daylight
+the troops, which had nearly surrounded the town in
+order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different
+directions to spring the trap that had been set.
+The early morning visitation was a complete surprise
+to the rebels. There were a few sleepy pickets posted
+at isolated points, several of which were taken in before
+they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of
+them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off
+their guns and then break for the town. This alarmed
+the main body of the Confederate forces and in an instant
+the direst confusion prevailed. Colonel Porterfield
+and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</span>
+were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily
+throwing on their clothes they quickly mounted their
+horses and dashed around endeavoring to learn what the
+trouble was all about.</p>
+
+<p>The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels
+of the retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told
+the rebels that they must fight or run and that the decision
+must be made at once. In the light of subsequent
+evidence it may be considered likely that Colonel Porterfield
+was willing to fight, but the Confederate soldiers
+deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not
+upon the order of their going but went at once and with
+the utmost precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,”
+to use a word that was current in war times.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use
+their guns and they made the most of it, to the extent of
+sixteen rounds. Although sharing fully in the wild excitement
+of the first meeting with the enemy they served
+their pieces with a coolness and skill that elicited from
+those in command words of the highest praise. (It is
+a matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of
+one soldier, the first casualty by artillery fire in the field
+done by the Union forces, but it is undeniably true that
+the roar of their guns and the plunging shot greatly
+aided in demoralizing the rebels and accelerating the
+speed with which they sought a safe place far in the
+rear.)</p>
+
+<p>The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the
+efforts of their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They
+had barely time to get away, and left behind them a large
+quantity of supplies and material of war which had
+been collected. The rear end of the disorganized rebel
+procession had not disappeared when Colonel Kelley’s
+column came in sight. His advance dashed after the
+enemy, himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish.
+It did not last long, however, as the rebels fled
+out of range at the earliest possible moment. None of
+the Union soldiers were killed. A few were wounded,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</span>
+and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received
+a pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from
+duty for some weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing
+foe was impossible, owing to the extremely exhausted
+condition of the men after their all-night march in the
+storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off
+at a speed that defied successful competition. The command
+of the Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.</p>
+
+<p>The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had
+been living in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good
+breakfast had been prepared for them by “mine host,”
+but the latter suddenly found himself entertaining unbidden
+and wholly unexpected guests. The inordinate
+haste with which the rebel commander and his official
+family evacuated the town would not permit them to
+partake of that breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly
+thankful hearts—and stomachs—by a company
+of Union officers.</p>
+
+<p>The following is an extract from the official report of
+the affair, made to General McClellan by General
+Morris:</p>
+
+<p>“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely
+surprised, as the reports of those engaged in the
+attack attest. The failure to capture the entire rebel
+force can only be attributed to the storm during the
+night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call forth
+an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism
+of officers and men was as truly displayed in a march
+of fifteen miles in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and
+over a mountainous country as in the irresistible attack
+and hot pursuit of the discomfited enemy. The last five
+miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in one hour
+and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the
+road. Others threw away their haversacks and provisions
+to keep up, rushing forward with a determination
+that showed what spirit animated the command. I
+regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</span>
+the two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the
+time assigned for their meeting. An able reconnoissance
+in advance of Colonel Dumont’s column was made by
+Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly accepted,
+and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly
+indebted. The immediate direction of the artillery was
+confided to him. After the bridge was taken he pressed
+forward and joined Colonel Kelley, rode into the enemy’s
+ranks and captured the prisoner reported to have shot
+Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining
+the Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching
+the man, who was a noted secessionist and a quartermaster
+of the rebel forces.</p>
+
+<p>“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason
+of the fall of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will
+perceive there is much difficulty in making an accurate
+statement of the enemy’s losses. The killed are estimated
+at from fifteen to forty, which were carried off it
+is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to
+the pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp
+equipage, provisions, arms, wagons, horses and medical
+stores were captured, an inventory of which will be made
+as soon as possible.”</p>
+
+<p>When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle”
+and the creditable manner in which the “boys” had
+acquitted themselves, they were regarded as the heroes
+of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude. It was
+Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens felt
+a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their
+representatives in almost the first engagement of the
+war.</p>
+
+<p>That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary
+was not the fault of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had
+stayed no doubt there would have been a warm engagement.
+It takes two parties to get up a fight, and when
+one of them “runs away” in order that he may
+“live to fight another day,” there is no alternative but
+to postpone the battle until that day comes around. But<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</span>
+it was a clear and unquestionable victory, if it wasn’t
+a very big one. It was memorable as being the first
+field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War.
+It was hailed through the North with loud
+acclaim. The newspapers teemed with praise of
+the gallant men who won it, and the mails were burdened
+with letters of congratulation and compliment
+from friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers
+from the North had that endurance and pluck of
+which soldiers are made; it did much to prick the bubble
+of idle boasting that one Southern man could whip five
+“Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was
+the Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some
+people believed, after Philippi, that the war was about
+over. Some of the victorious blue-coats thought so and
+they felt an exceeding great joy that they had been
+permitted to participate in the action that was the death-blow
+to the rebellion.</p>
+
+<p>The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere
+was only equaled by the apprehension and alarm in the
+South that were caused by even so trifling a defeat as
+this. Especially was this true of the Confederate forces
+in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an almost
+hopeless state of demoralization. One point after
+another was being seized and held by the Union troops;
+regiments from Ohio and Indiana were hurrying forward
+to reinforce them, and there seemed little hope of being
+able to dislodge them from that part of the state. After
+the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent to
+the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing
+the Confederate cause in that section to be in a
+desperate condition, and urging immediate and decisive
+steps to reorganize and reinforce the army, unless Western
+Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It
+will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts
+from the correspondence which took place at this time
+between rebel officials in Western Virginia and at Richmond.
+Under date of June 6th, 1861, Major M. G. Harman,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</span>
+commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert
+E. Lee:</p>
+
+<p>“From all the information that I have received I am
+pained to have to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield
+is entirely unequal to the position which he occupies.
+The affair at Philippi was a disgraceful surprise,
+occurring about daylight, there being no picket or guard
+of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that our men
+were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were
+only aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the
+Northwest and of our inexperienced soldiers depends
+upon an immediate change of commanders, and giving
+the command to a bold and experienced leader. * * *
+* * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain
+possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from
+you authority to call out and arm the companies from
+all the valley counties and send them to that quarter
+instead of their going, as heretofore directed, to their
+different rendezvous. Send up five thousand flint-lock
+muskets from Richmond and I will have them overhauled
+and put in order for use.”</p>
+
+<p>On the same day Major Harman sent a communication
+to Colonel Porterfield in which he said:</p>
+
+<p>“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied
+by cavalry and infantry, which will be joined by
+other troops on the way and the whole force will report
+to you at Beverly. On the day following from two to
+three thousand troops will be sent to you by President
+Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic
+dispatch from the Commander-in-Chief of our army,
+saying: “Send a messenger to tell Colonel Porterfield to
+be valiant and maintain his ground until relief reaches
+him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having received
+no official communication from you, but learning
+from private sources, since the disaster to our arms at
+Philippi, that you are almost without ammunition, I
+have determined to send you a supply by express.”</p>
+
+<p>When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</span>
+not stop running until they reached Huttonsville, nearly
+forty miles southward, and near Beverly, in Randolph
+county. From his headquarters there Porterfield wrote
+on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant General
+of the Virginia forces at Richmond:</p>
+
+<p>“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant,
+both officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the
+soldier. With efficient drill officers they might be made
+effective; but I have to complain that the field officers
+sent to command these men are of no assistance to me,
+and are, for the most part, as ignorant of their duties
+as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the
+men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good
+staff officers may be sent me to aid in organizing this
+raw force, than which there is none more so now in the
+service. * * * It is necessary that at least five
+thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the
+enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not
+soon sent it will be impossible to keep the open field,
+even as a mere corps of observation, but we will have
+to retire to the mountains, where it will be most difficult,
+if not impossible, to provision even this small
+force.”</p>
+
+<p>On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett
+and asked for a chance to redeem himself:</p>
+
+<p>“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported
+to have about five thousand men and are fortifying
+themselves. The same number are said to be at
+Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said
+to be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed
+at different points on the railroads. * * * A
+regiment from Tennessee is expected here tomorrow,
+having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of
+heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders
+should be sent to this country until some position is
+selected to be fortified and a strong and reliable infantry
+force is sent to support it. * * * The percussion
+caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</span>
+shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements
+are now expected, and we shall have active
+service in this part of the state, I desire to be continued
+on duty here. It was not until after repeated
+calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force
+entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty
+elsewhere.”</p>
+
+<p>But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have
+any more Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of
+commanders. On June 13th General Lee wrote from
+Richmond to Porterfield, informing him that Garnett
+had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been
+sent to take command in Northwestern Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the
+conduct of Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which
+led to the inglorious defeat and rout of the Confederate
+force. The court made an exhaustive investigation and
+submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy report thereupon.
+A few extracts from this document will be read with
+interest by those who had a hand in the game:</p>
+
+<p>“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at
+between daybreak and sunrise, this command was attacked
+and taken by surprise; no alarm or intimation
+of the enemy’s approach having been given by the
+guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within
+some four hundred yards of the place, and had commenced
+the fire from his artillery. It is shown that a
+main and picket guard, as strong as was consistent with
+the effective infantry force present, was regularly detailed
+and posted at distances sufficiently far out to
+accomplish the object in view, provided they knew and
+did their duty, which latter is strongly to be suspected,
+from the fact that, although in advance, they failed to
+give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a conclusion
+which is strengthened by the report of the mounted
+officers out with the scouting parties on the night of
+June 2nd, that they had neither seen an infantry picket
+nor been challenged by its sentinels, going from or returning<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</span>
+to the town that night. It appears that immediately
+upon the arrival of the command at Philippi
+the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures
+to place his force, which was raw and new in
+service, under a course of instruction, and to select
+those in his opinion best fitted to instruct the sentinels
+and guards in their duties. The testimony shows that,
+while there was a certain degree of confusion in some
+quarters, a portion of the command moved from the
+town in good order, and that the whole force, nearly,
+after passing some distance, was reformed and proceeded
+in order.</p>
+
+<p>“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of
+attack or movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was
+generally entertained among the officers and others of
+the command, and that intelligence (how well founded
+is not known) was brought from time to time of the
+strength and supposed intent of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced
+its effect as to induce the officer in command to
+call a meeting of his officers; that the result of their
+consultations and deliberations was an almost if not entirely
+unanimous decision in favor of immediate retreat;
+that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room
+(from which he had been absent a short time), their
+opinion was conveyed to him, to which he seemed loath
+to accede; yet, determined to make a further examination
+of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the
+baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”</p>
+
+<p>Here follow several points in which, according to the
+judgment of this court, the commanding officer “erred.”
+General R. E. Lee, in reviewing the case, approved the
+finding of the court and said:</p>
+
+<p>“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon
+the coolness, self-possession, courage and energy displayed
+by Colonel Porterfield at the moment of attack;
+but he cannot exonerate him from blame in not taking
+proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</span>
+consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he
+does not think it necessary to do more than to express
+the opinion of the court, in the hope that the sad effects
+produced by the want of forethought and vigilance,
+exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered
+by the army throughout the war.”</p>
+
+<p>After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction.
+The available Union force was not deemed sufficient to
+make a further advance without too great risk of defeat,
+which would put in imminent jeopardy all the advantage
+that had been gained. For a month the troops lay quietly
+at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard the
+bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters
+of the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but
+the companies were scattered, some of them, with their
+guns, doing duty with the bridge guards. There were
+constant rumors of active service ahead and of impending
+attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to
+have any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without
+any of “war’s alarms” of a serious nature.</p>
+
+<p>During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise
+became a prominent factor in Confederate operations in
+Western Virginia. At the head of a considerable force
+he threatened an attack upon Philippi. As the Fourth of
+July drew near a report came to be currently believed
+that on that day he would attempt to retake the place.
+All arrangements possible for defense were made.
+Neither officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about
+fortifying, in the art of which they became so skilled at
+a later day, but some rude works had been thrown up
+which promised to be serviceable and “handy” in case
+of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery
+were kept in position where it was thought they might
+do the most good if there came a rebel visitation. A
+strong and vigilant picket guard was maintained to prevent
+anything in the nature of a surprise.</p>
+
+<p>Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing.
+Especially was this true of the members of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</span>
+Cleveland Artillery. Much of the wretchedly poor,
+shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam had
+literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags.
+Some of them went around during those warm July
+days with only drawers to cover the nakedness of their
+nether limbs. They looked more like a congregation of
+beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged in the
+work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the
+“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms
+of the closest intimacy with them. Probably not one
+in twenty of these innocent young men had ever seen
+one of these things before. Most of them did not even
+know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the
+wide and variegated realm of animated nature. But it
+did not take them long to become extensively acquainted
+with him.</p>
+
+<p>Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious
+Fourth” drew near, and although the American Eagle
+seemed to be in a bad way just then, it was determined
+to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether or not
+Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding
+their dilapidated condition the members of the artillery
+entered into the matter with great gusto. The arrangements
+were made by a committee consisting of Colonels
+Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana, Lieutenant
+Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook,
+Ninth Ohio, Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and
+others. During the month previous the Union forces
+had been augmented by several additional regiments, as
+designated above.</p>
+
+<p>An elaborate program was made out, which included
+speeches, music, both vocal and instrumental, and, of
+course, the reading of that patriotic but somewhat musty
+and dusty old document, the Declaration of Independence.
+This always has been, and probably always will
+be, considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July
+celebration, under any and all circumstances, although
+nobody ever listens to it, or can remember, five minutes<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</span>
+after a single word of what it contains. In casting
+about for a person who could read this ponderous paper
+with fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee
+decided upon Warren P. Edgarton, then a private of
+Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery, who had won
+some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly
+detailed for this duty.</p>
+
+<p>Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition
+of his wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of,
+and half the time was running around camp with only
+a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers. He had a fine
+physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and
+eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was
+three sizes too small, and when he crowded himself into
+it he looked and felt like a woman wearing a tightly
+laced corset; so that he didn’t put it on except on state
+occasions, when his usual <em>negligee</em> uniform would be
+considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.
+He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too
+large for even his substantial and well-developed feet,
+in which he would go sloshing around camp. At night
+he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there wasn’t
+room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody
+out. He wore on his head a little cap which, never
+within an inch of his size, had so shrunk and shriveled
+under the demoralizing influence of sun and storm that
+it only lay upon the top of his head, looking not much
+bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling
+and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of
+raging patriots and read the Declaration of Independence.</p>
+
+<p>Something had to be done to get him into presentable
+shape for the occasion. The honor and credit of the
+Artillery were at stake. It would be an insult to the
+“Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a half-naked tatterdemalion
+to get up and pronounce the thundering sentences
+of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain
+Rice and others whose pride was stirred began to forage<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</span>
+through the town for some clothes that would adorn
+Edgarton’s shapely form and redound to the credit of
+the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was
+found after a long search and the owner consented to
+loan it for the occasion. This was supplemented by
+broadcloth trousers, a hat belonging to one of the officers
+and a pair of fancy, high-heeled boots. The latter
+one of the boys had brought along from home, with a
+vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting
+down the rebellion. They were not large enough for
+Edgarton’s feet, but he contrived to squeeze into them
+at the last moment and to endure their pinching while
+he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”</p>
+
+<p>There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy
+of the Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia
+were not a literary folk, and few of them appeared
+ever to have heard of it. At length a copy was found,
+in a musty law book at the courthouse.</p>
+
+<p>Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he
+mounted the platform. This was followed by general
+laughter at his unique appearance. Such another “makeup”
+was never seen in the army, before nor since, in this
+or any other country. But he read the Declaration of
+Independence in fine style and was tremendously
+cheered. Lieutenant Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth
+Ohio, followed with an admirable address; the
+bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic songs were
+sung; and the celebration was a great success. The
+rebel General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered
+with the carrying out of the program.</p>
+
+<p>No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly
+and satisfactorily celebrated than the troops were directed
+to prepare at once for another campaign. On
+July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi, received
+orders to advance early the following day, occupy
+Belington, fifteen miles southward, and menace the
+enemy, who was in strong position at Laurel Hill, near
+that place. The movement was made promptly, according<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</span>
+to the plan. The writer has before him a yellow,
+ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from
+Philippi. It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel
+Hill,” and announces the following order of the procession,
+the words in brackets being supplied for explanatory
+purposes:</p>
+
+<p class="center">
+First Virginia, four companies.<br>
+Milroy [Ninth Indiana].<br>
+Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>
+Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>
+Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>
+Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]<br>
+First Virginia, two companies.<br>
+Dumont [Seventh Indiana].<br>
+Headquarters<br>
+Fulton<br>
+Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].<br>
+Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].<br>
+Ammunition wagons.<br>
+Band.<br>
+Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>It will be observed that both front and rear were well
+protected by artillery. The commanding general prudently
+sandwiched his headquarters in the center of the
+column. We must also admire the tender solicitude
+for the safety of the band, as shown by its position as
+far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns
+and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The march was begun about midnight. The movement
+was rapid and at daylight the skirmishers struck the
+rebel pickets near Belington. A section of the artillery
+was immediately ordered to the front and a few shells
+were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most demoralizing
+effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported,
+quickly pushed the pickets back to the main line,
+which was strongly fortified. Some of the pickets
+showed fight at first and there was a brisk skirmish, in
+which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first casualty.
+George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket
+ball in the groin. He received every possible attention<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</span>
+and as soon as circumstances would permit was sent to
+the rear. He finally reached his home in Cleveland but
+never fully recovered, dying from the effects of his
+wound, a few years later. He was the first man from
+Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.</p>
+
+<p>When the artillery was ordered to move there was the
+greatest activity in preparing for the impending campaign.
+The men were exceedingly anxious to acquit
+themselves with credit, and spared no pains to make the
+battery as effective as possible. The ammunition was
+carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were
+polished until they shone like mirrors. The men were
+“hard up” for clothing, the supply having been exceedingly
+limited—scanty in quantity and poor in quality.
+Every effort had been made to procure better supplies
+but without success. The state authorities and the
+United States government appeared to be about equally
+neglectful of the needs of the soldiers. Rations were
+generally good and sufficient, and there was little cause
+for complaint on that score.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with
+excellent effect. The years of instruction and drill at
+home proved a most valuable school. The skill of the
+gunners in training their pieces and timing shells was
+such as to win for them the warmest commendations.
+The members of the infantry regiment formed a strong
+attachment for the artillerymen. They had an abiding
+faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s cannon, and when engaged
+in any movement seemed to be doubly confident
+if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The order from General McClellan to General Morris
+was to avoid delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible,
+but to firmly press the enemy at all points and hold him
+in his works, until the co-operating column under General
+Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and
+rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain
+and after a hot fight completely routed them, capturing
+many prisoners and a large quantity of material of war.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</span>
+The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain and the prompt
+advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel position
+at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned
+it in great haste.</p>
+
+<p>During the few days that the troops under General
+Morris lay at Belington there was constant skirmishing
+with the enemy. Day and night all were kept on the
+alert, and the whistle of bullets began to be a familiar
+sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were advantageously
+posted and were brought into occasional
+use. The men were constantly at their posts. Now and
+then a shell or a solid shot would be sent over to the
+rebels, just to let them know that the “Yankees” were
+still there and wide awake. In an official report dated
+“Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General
+Morris says:</p>
+
+<p>“The instructions of the commanding general will be
+carried out, although it is difficult to restrain our men
+from advancing. I hardly know in what terms to convey
+to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness under such
+fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our
+arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond
+all question, if proof were needed, that they can
+be relied upon in any emergency. The regiments in advance
+are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana, Barnett’s Artillery,
+Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh Indiana,
+all of which deserve special mention.”</p>
+
+<p>On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington
+and Laurel Hill during the day and night previous,
+General Morris moved in pursuit. The following
+is an extract from a report made by him dated “Carrick’s
+Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:</p>
+
+<p>“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the
+forces of my command in pursuit of the enemy retreating
+from Laurel Hill. The pursuit was continued
+through the day in the same order as stated in my report
+of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth
+Ohio in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</span>
+next Dumont’s Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana.
+These regiments started in pursuit from our
+resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock in
+the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the
+march by 5 o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced
+about 6 o’clock, which by 9 became quite heavy.
+The enemy left the main turnpike and turned towards
+Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain
+over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy
+rain the roads were rendered very difficult for the men
+and the few wagons of ammunition and provisions. By
+11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and
+so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains
+becoming almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the
+whole command was up in the position we now occupy.</p>
+
+<p>“The attention of the commanding general is particularly
+called to the gallant bearing of the infantry and
+artillery which led the advance. I would also call attention
+to the fact that the entire command commenced the
+pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time to prepare
+even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered
+four wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to
+follow the command. These four wagons, with the little
+additional rations put in with the ammunition, are all
+the provisions the command has had since leaving Belington,
+except some beeves procured in this vicinity.</p>
+
+<p>“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty
+miles. When it is considered that we have put to flight
+a force equal to our own, and have pursued the rebels
+night and day for thirty hours, almost without provisions,
+over a mountainous and difficult road, and part
+of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel
+sure that our cause must be successfully maintained by
+men who show such gallant bearing and soldierly endurance.”</p>
+
+<p>Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at
+Carrick’s Ford, which resulted in the utter defeat and
+rout of the rebels. Their commander, General Garnett,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</span>
+was among the killed. The story of this important engagement
+cannot be more concisely told than by giving
+almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham,
+who was in immediate command of the Union
+force. The report was made to General Morris:</p>
+
+<p>“In accordance with your directions, I this morning
+took command of the advance guard of your column, consisting
+of the Fourteenth Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with
+one section of Barnett’s Artillery, the Seventh Indiana,
+Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel Milroy,
+in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed,
+I started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to
+pursue the army of General Garnett, which, consisting,
+as we learned, of 4,000 to 5,000 men and four to six
+cannon, had retreated from the north side of Laurel
+mountain near Belington the day before yesterday.
+It being ascertained that the enemy had retired toward
+the village of New Interest and thence, as was supposed,
+over a mountain road leading to the Shafer Fork, or
+main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George. The
+troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so
+as to reach the entrance of the mountain road—about
+seven miles march—at 6 o’clock. A short distance after
+entering this path the passage was found to be obstructed
+by large trees, recently felled, in about twelve
+to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or
+four miles. Information was from time to time received
+that this force, which had some fifteen hours the start
+of us from Belington, was now only four to five miles
+in advance. This encouraged our efforts, and though
+for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in torrents
+and the clayey roads were in many places almost
+impassable, the spirit of the troops, without exception,
+as it came under my eye, was such as to bear them most
+rapidly onward under all these trials, super-added to that
+of hunger, with which the greater part of them had
+suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.</p>
+
+<p>At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</span>
+Shafer Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having
+within the previous two or three miles fired at and
+driven in several pickets of the enemy protecting those
+who were forming the barricades, and at one place we
+broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked.
+At the ford near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance
+to another ford, which we afterward met with one mile
+farther on, we saw the baggage train of the enemy,
+apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon as
+strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion,
+with Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless
+firing of a musket at our ford set the train rapidly in
+motion, and long lines of infantry were formed in order
+of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however, the
+arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,
+enabled the command to push forward in its original
+order, but the train and its guard had retired, leaving
+only a few skirmishers to meet us at the second ford,
+where, however, quite a rapid firing was kept up by
+the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for
+some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent
+woods of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and
+as we approached it we came upon the enemy’s train,
+the last half of it just crossing, in the river. The enemy
+was found to have taken a strong position, with his
+infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous bank fifty to
+eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the river,
+while our own position was upon the low land, nearly
+level with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance,
+opened fire most gallantly upon them, which was
+immediately returned by their strong force of infantry
+and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery was
+ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.</p>
+
+<p>As I soon perceived a position by which their left
+could be turned, six companies of Colonel Dumont’s
+regiment were ordered to cross the river about three
+hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill obliquely<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</span>
+from our right to their left, and take them in rear.
+Owing to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of
+the order, this command crossed about double the
+distance intended and turned at first to their right,
+which delayed the effect of the movement. After some
+fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and,
+the hill being reported as impracticable, this command,
+now increased to the entire regiment, was ordered down
+to the ford, there to take the enemy directly in front at
+the road.</p>
+
+<p>“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s,
+now well up and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges
+from Barnett’s artillery during this movement,
+decided the action at once. As Dumont reached the
+road, having passed along and under their whole front,
+the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion.
+Dumont’s regiment pursued them for about one mile
+farther, having brisk skirmishing with their rear for
+the first half of that distance, during which General
+Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have been
+followed up most closely, and probably to the capture
+of a large portion of their scattered army, but this was
+absolutely impossible with our fatigued and exhausted
+troops, who had already marched eighteen miles or more,
+in an almost incessant, violent rain, the greater part of
+them without food since the evening and a portion of
+them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had
+been the pursuit of the enemy on their hasty retreat
+from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six miles distant. The
+troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest at about
+2 p. m.</p>
+
+<p>“The result of the action proves to be the capture of
+about forty loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all
+the enemy’s baggage train, as we learn, and including
+a large portion of new clothing, camp equipage and
+other stores; their headquarter papers and military
+chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece
+of artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</span>
+Garnett, is killed, his body being now cared for by us,
+and fifteen or twenty more of the enemy are killed and
+nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our own loss is two killed
+and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.</p>
+
+<p>“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state
+that just as the action was closing, the head regiment
+of the body of troops under yourself, though starting as
+I learn three hours later, the Sixth Indiana, under
+Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent
+order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the
+battle.</p>
+
+<p>“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett,
+Steadman, Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance
+of their officers and men in their long and arduous
+march, suffering from hunger, rain and cold, with
+their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all
+praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate
+and reward their services.”</p>
+
+<p>This was the most important victory that had yet been
+achieved by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that
+very small figures expressed the losses on either side,
+but loyal people everywhere were anxiously watching
+for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s Ford threw
+the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.
+The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to
+the skies—and it may fairly be said that they deserved
+it. The members of the Ohio artillery, with whom this
+chronicle has particularly to do, had added fresh laurels
+to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the
+people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in
+which the world looks upon the Six Hundred who made
+the historic charge at Balaklava. So conspicuous were
+their services and so gallant their bearing that they
+were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy at
+Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’
+service they took this trophy back with them to Cleveland.
+It was placed in the Public Square, where it remaineth
+unto this day, with an inscription upon it that<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</span>
+he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,
+was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A
+geographical student would be impressed with the fact
+that unless the people of Cleveland could fight better
+than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many cannon
+in that or any other war. The inscription, which
+was put on by somebody who was not within three
+hundred miles of the battle, informed the wayfarer that
+the gun was captured at “Corricke’s Forde.” The atrocious
+orthography greeted the public eye for nearly
+twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction
+of the old survivors of the artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The writer has before him the official reports of a
+number of Confederate officers who participated in the
+action at Carrick’s Ford. Naturally they magnify the
+Union force and losses, and in a measure that is ridiculous.
+They place the Union strength at from ten to
+fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of
+that number. The “Yankees” are estimated to have had
+on their hands after this action material for one
+hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional loss of
+from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered
+that General Benham, in his official report to
+General Morris, states that the Union loss was “two
+killed and six or seven wounded.”</p>
+
+<p>It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown
+at that time by officers and others on the Union side in
+communicating with the rebels. There was an evident
+desire to avoid the slightest word that would appear to
+be a recognition of any official authority, civil or
+military, among the insurgents. It was considered that
+if a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it
+was a virtual recognition of the power that conferred
+such rank upon him. So, on July 15, General McClellan
+addressed a communication “To the Officer Commanding
+the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett,
+Esq., styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate
+States Army.”</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</span></p>
+
+<p>The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the
+Cleveland Artillery in the three months’ service. The
+command moved back to Belington and the artillery
+was ordered to report to General McClellan, who had
+planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after the
+rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel
+Barnett and his men for their valuable services in the
+campaign under General Morris, and expressed an
+earnest wish that they might accompany him up the
+Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even
+been mustered into the United States service, and the
+three months for which they were called out had expired.
+But, pursuant to orders, Colonel Barnett reported
+with his command to McClellan at Beverly, where the
+General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany
+his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness
+to do so. A few days later, before McClellan was
+ready for the Kanawha campaign, came the first real
+battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in Virginia, which
+resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell
+and brought to the people of the North an actual
+realization of the fact that they had a war on their
+hands. In the wild excitement that followed this battle
+General McClellan was summoned to Washington to take
+command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for
+further offensive operations in Western Virginia were
+for the time abandoned.</p>
+
+<p>A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of
+artillery were ordered to be discharged and started at
+once for Columbus. It should be stated here, to their
+credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had done all in
+their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing
+of the command during its service in the field. It has
+already been said that the men were but poorly supplied
+with clothing by the state and national governments,
+for which apparent neglect there was much good reason.
+The three months’ men were called out suddenly and
+pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</span>
+Their services and sacrifices were of inestimable
+value to the country. They secured a permanent lodgment
+at many points beyond the border, and held the
+enemy at bay while the government was getting ready
+for the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of
+Sumter found the nation totally unprepared for such a
+crisis, and it is not a matter of wonder that the early
+volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism, responded
+so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided
+for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and
+twice Mr. David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen
+with quantities of clothing, food and delicacies for
+the sick. But for this most highly appreciated kindness
+the boys in the field would have had scarcely so much
+as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there
+wasn’t much “uniform” about the garments and they
+were a grotesque appearing lot of men for soldiers, but
+it gave them a comparative degree of comfort and they
+“got there just the same” as if they had been arrayed in
+all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the
+greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully
+and well and bore without complaint the discomforts
+and privations inseparable from a campaign in such
+a country and under such circumstances.</p>
+
+<p>In due time, with little delay <em>en route</em>, the artillery
+reached Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and
+ragged volunteers, fresh from fields of glory, were welcomed
+with great enthusiasm at the state capital. They
+had done well their part and their fame had gone before
+them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked
+upon as the saviors of their country and people of every
+grade and rank were proud to do them honor.</p>
+
+<p>It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry
+to get home, and the formalities necessary to their release
+were hurried as fast as possible. The officers and
+men were paraded for muster and were mustered in and
+out of the United States service at the same time. Then
+all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</span>
+it is true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence.
+Less than fifty dollars apiece didn’t look very large for
+more than three months of such toil, hardship and
+danger, but for the time, with the gold chinking in his
+pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their
+financial condition was in marked contrast to the state
+of chronic insolvency in which they had been so long,
+for they had had no funds with which to patronize the
+sutler except such as was sent them at irregular intervals
+by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten
+dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt
+and loans were negotiated with a rapidity that soon
+exhausted his wealth. As a general thing when a man
+got any money it was quickly absorbed by the liquidation
+of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster
+at Columbus there was a universal squaring of
+accounts.</p>
+
+<p>The horses and other property belonging to the state
+were turned over to the authorities, and the “regiment”
+was soon ready to start for Cleveland. The men had
+been permitted to bring with them from Western Virginia
+(as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous
+services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s
+Ford, and four long-eared mules which the rebels had
+used as the propelling power of the cannon in their
+migratory wanderings. These trophies were guarded
+with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as
+they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects
+of the greatest curiosity and interest. War, right at
+home, was then a new thing to the people of the country
+and anything of this nature was regarded as a nine-days’
+wonder.</p>
+
+<p>While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel
+Barnett from Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring
+at what time the artillery would arrive in Cleveland.
+The friends of the warriors as well as the citizens generally
+desired to know in order that they might give them
+a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</span>
+as soon as the time of departure could be definitely
+fixed. At length all things were ready, and after midnight
+of July 28th the happy artillerymen, with their
+trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How
+the boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out”
+of the depot and sped away toward “home, sweet home!”
+In fact they didn’t do much but yell all the way to Cleveland.
+Their coming had been heralded along the route
+and at every station crowds of people greeted them
+in the most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have
+charged dime museum price for looking at the gun and
+mules from rebeldom they would have made their fortunes.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in
+Cleveland to welcome the returning volunteers with
+open arms. They were expected to arrive during the
+forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude of
+people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was
+something like the crowd that, more than three months
+before, had assembled to bid them farewell and God
+speed. Shortly before the arrival of the train the city
+militia and the fire department marched down Champlain
+street and formed in line near the railroad.</p>
+
+<p>At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew
+up to the point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now
+known as South Water—street a mighty volume of
+cheers went up from the assembled multitude—cheers
+for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers, and
+cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had
+captured from the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from
+the cars they were clasped in the arms of loved ones,
+who wept tears of joy at the safe return of sons and
+brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and
+effusive greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst
+constant cheering and the music of brass bands. It was
+a glorious reception, creditable alike to the people of
+Cleveland and to those who so well merited the demonstration.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</span></p>
+
+<p>After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were
+over the returned soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous
+object in the column being the rebel 6-pounder,
+to which were attached the mules lately in the Confederate
+service. Two of the soldiers served in the
+capacity of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal
+of one of the teams. The novel outfit was prodigiously
+cheered along the entire line of march.</p>
+
+<p>Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department
+and an immense throng of people, the “veterans”
+marched up Superior street to the Public Square, General
+A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The whole street
+was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles
+of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips.
+The windows and balconies were filled with ladies, who
+waved their handkerchiefs in kindly welcome and
+clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers come back
+from the borders” went tramping by. Company D,
+Captain P. W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at
+Philippi which was loudly cheered—not because it was
+an emblem of treason but because it was captured by
+Cleveland volunteers.</p>
+
+<p>Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a
+hollow square, surrounded by thousands of people, and
+were addressed as follows by Judge Samuel Starkweather,
+who had been chosen to extend a formal welcome
+home:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="no-indent">
+To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant
+and noble commander.</p>
+
+<p>I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid
+you a cordial welcome upon your return, and to tell
+you that Cleveland fully appreciates the value of your
+services and feels herself honored by your achievements.
+She feels that some portion of the glory which
+has fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery
+rests also upon herself.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and
+have not dared to show their faces. The Cleveland and
+Geneva artillery were among the first to answer the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</span>
+call of the government to put down rebellion; and when
+it was sought to destroy the banner of our country,
+you, gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field
+to fight for its rescue, and you did not return from
+that field until you saw that beautiful banner floating
+from every Virginia hilltop.</p>
+
+<p>We have not been ignorant of the trials through
+which you have passed, and we have admired the firmness
+with which you overcame all obstacles that presented
+themselves to you and incumbered your path,
+whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger
+or fatigue.</p>
+
+<p>We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels
+heard of you, too, and with even more lasting impressions.
+We have heard of you also at Laurel Hill and
+Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have not
+heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of
+humanity on your part toward a conquered foe. This
+has shown that you are actuated by the same motives
+which have prompted our whole people. It is not the
+object of this contest to interfere with the institutions
+of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve
+the banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a
+stripe defaced. It is to enforce laws to which we all
+owe our safety, our protection and our happiness, and
+I know I speak your sentiments when I say that whoever
+takes a part in this contest from other motives is
+unworthy the name of a patriot.</p>
+
+<p>There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting
+the eyes of the whole civilized world, and I am
+proud to say that the members of this company have
+well played their part therein; and when the last scene
+is ended no name will more adorn the history of these
+events than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements
+will rank higher than those in which its members,
+our own gallant soldiers, bore so conspicuous a
+part.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be
+pardoned for drawing a long bow, but candor compels
+the admission that when the boys came home the “beautiful
+banner” was not, strictly speaking, “floating from
+every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few hill-tops
+left over which the star spangled flag was not
+floating, nor did it float till some years later.</p>
+
+<p>At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</span>
+greeted the Judge’s address, showing how clearly the
+feelings of the people were in harmony with the sentiments
+he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the following
+brief reply:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as
+for myself, to thank you, and through you the citizens
+of Cleveland, for this greeting, which was wholly unexpected
+by us. I have no words to express the gratitude
+of our hearts toward our fellow citizens. We have the
+satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner
+in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty;
+and so we return to you with a consciousness that we
+are not entirely unworthy the confidence which we know
+you have placed in us.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel
+Barnett bowed and retired, and the band struck up
+“The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises over, the companies
+were variously taken care of and the crowd
+slowly dispersed. A committee of German citizens took
+charge of Company E, Captain Heckman, and Company
+B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to Haltnorth’s,
+where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and
+liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the
+Weddell House, where a sumptuous dinner was served
+them in fine style. It made up in some degree for the
+many times during the previous three months when they
+had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”</p>
+
+<p>Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain
+Pelton, were banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn
+Village, a committee of fifteen ladies doing the honors
+of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F, Captain
+Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were
+right royally welcomed.</p>
+
+<p>The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers
+of the time will be of interest in this connection:</p>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="center">[<em>Leader</em>, July 30, 1861.]</p>
+
+<p>The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent
+condition physically, although they are as brown as
+berries from exposure.</p>
+
+<p>Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</span>
+from the campaign in Western Virginia were three
+members of Alert Hose Company—William Kidd, foreman;
+Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private
+E. S. Ransom. Of course, the social and
+genial Alerts could not let them return without a
+welcome, so last night a merry party of Alerts and a
+few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of the
+hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.
+Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the
+hose-carriage was illuminated and the company escorted
+the returned members to their homes, the blaze of innumerable
+roman candles lighting their way up Superior
+street.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="center">[<cite>Plain Dealer</cite>, July 30, 1861.]</p>
+
+<p>The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day.
+If you find a knot of men collected on a corner, the
+bronzed countenance of a member of the artillery is
+in the center and he is relating to the gaping crowd
+his exploits and adventures among the rebels in Western
+Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of
+incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may
+be rehearsed to wondering grandchildren. They have
+come home after nobly discharging their duty and meet
+with the warm admiration and approval which they
+have so richly merited. All honor to the brave artillerymen.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on
+the evening of July 30th, the following preamble and
+resolutions, offered by Councilman T. N. Bond, were
+adopted with great enthusiasm:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p><em>Whereas</em>, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the
+Cleveland Artillery, embracing four companies from the
+city, one from Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under
+the command of Colonel James Barnett, left their homes
+and business on the 22d day of April, 1861, on a day’s
+notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the
+Government as might be required of them, and</p>
+
+<p><em>Whereas</em>, After gaining the confidence and approbation
+of the people on our southeastern border, by their
+fine conduct both as soldiers and citizens, they rendered
+most important services to the country in the campaigns
+in Western Virginia, distinguishing themselves for
+activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious night
+marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and
+Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than<span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</span>
+three months’ absence, with trophies of their victories
+and the well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens;
+therefore be it</p>
+
+<p><em>Resolved</em>, That in addition to the public and spontaneous
+welcome already given them at their reception
+yesterday, the mayor and city council of the city, and in
+behalf of the city, hereby officially record their high appreciation
+of the honor the Cleveland Artillery and its
+noble commander have reflected upon the city whose
+name they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and
+energy and their skill and bravery in the field have
+won for them unfading honor; and that especially to
+Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and judgment, his
+manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes, our
+thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.</p>
+
+<p><em>Resolved</em>, That copies of the foregoing preamble and
+resolutions be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented
+to Colonel Barnett and to the several companies
+under his command.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett
+by Mayor Flint—long an active and zealous member of
+the Cleveland Artillery—with the following letter:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+August 4, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent">Colonel James Barnett.</p>
+
+<p>Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the
+executive officer of the city of Cleveland, in presenting
+to you, and through you to the different companies
+under your command, the resolutions of the City Council
+of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable
+services rendered the country in your recent campaign
+in Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>As a member of the earliest organization of artillery
+in this city, and from which simple detailed “squad”
+of the Cleveland Grays has grown your complete and
+valuable command, I take increased pleasure in presenting
+to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my
+own feelings regarding your action for the past three
+months.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Respectfully yours,</p>
+<p class="right">E. S. FLINT, Mayor.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland
+<cite>Leader</cite> of July 30th, 1862:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>“When the proclamation of the President called for
+seventy-five thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work<span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</span>
+of furnishing her quota. The Cleveland Artillery was
+the only organized body of the kind in the state, the
+artillery in other places being only single sections
+or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the
+four sections which were organized in this city. He immediately
+took steps to go into service with his command,
+and as soon as the necessary arrangements could
+be made he reported himself ready for orders. He was
+sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from
+threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into
+Virginia upon short notice. Since that time, without
+ever having been mustered into either State or United
+States service, he has led his brave boys through the
+campaign in Western Virginia, where they have performed
+prodigies of marching and have fought a good
+fight when the enemy has given them the chance.
+Colonel Barnett left his business here to go to war and
+has labored unceasingly for the good of his men and the
+discomfiture of the rebels. His services were fully appreciated
+by General McClellan, who tendered him a
+very complimentary invitation to accompany him to the
+Kanawha Valley. Colonel Barnett intends, we understand,
+to raise a full artillery regiment and go in for
+the war. We wish him all success and trust his services
+will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were
+scoffed at for playing soldier in time of peace, by their
+timely military training, were ready to, and did almost
+at a day’s notice respond to the call of their country
+and served it well. The artillery piece captured at Carrick’s
+Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over
+to the state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to
+Cleveland. Said Quartermaster General Wood, who then
+had charge of the arms of the state, to Colonel Barnett:
+“I think no objection will be raised if you take the gun
+to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you
+can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen
+on the Public Square, in its way a monument to the
+valor and heroism of the old artillerymen of Cleveland.</p>
+
+<p>With this elaborate and protracted welcome home,
+which would appear to have been most satisfactory to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</span>
+all concerned, in both its fullness and its cordiality,
+closes the honorable record of the Cleveland Artillery in
+the “three months’ service.” Henceforward we follow
+the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,
+through its four years of brilliant service in the field.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.</p>
+
+<p>But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First
+Cleveland Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its
+strength. It continued to take root, expand and blossom.
+Privates Joseph C. Shields and Frank Wilson, of Captain
+Rice’s battery, after their three months’ service in the
+First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as
+they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic
+impulse, soon organized an independent artillery
+battery, which was mustered into service Sept. 10, 1862.
+It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and was called the
+Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light
+Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at
+the end of two years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who
+had been first lieutenant of the company, became its
+captain. The battery was in the siege of Knoxville, in
+the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,
+Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great
+struggle. The men were mustered out June 27, 1865,
+at the close of the war.</p>
+
+<p>In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon
+B. Smith, who afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga
+County, and now each year meets with the “old association,”
+gladdening the occasion with spirit and song.</p>
+
+<p>There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant
+James W. Grimshaw—who may properly be
+mentioned in this connection. When Fort Sumter fell
+there was great excitement in Cleveland, as there was
+all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and
+public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies
+on the Public Square in Cleveland, a man was
+imprudent enough to call out “Hurrah for the South!”<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</span>
+Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately shouted, “I
+say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words
+passed between the two men and a rough and tumble
+followed in which the rebel sympathizers got much the
+worst of the fight. Thus the civil war began in Cleveland!
+Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,
+was elected to the city council and died some years
+since, greatly respected. Another of those who received
+a military schooling in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, under Colonel Barnett, was Corporal
+Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields and
+Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited
+him to further military service. He organized and became
+captain of the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, which went into service Oct. 29, 1862,
+for a term of three years. The battery was in the siege
+at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton and Chickamauga
+in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,
+Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.</p>
+
+<p>Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to
+place in the field a full regiment of artillery. The chief
+centers of population in the state readily responded to
+the call and twelve companies were soon organized,
+numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding
+seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a
+fair-sized army in itself, was sought by several men of
+military distinction. Quartermaster General Wood of
+the governor’s staff, who for so many years had been
+associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland
+Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position.
+Sept. 3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his
+commission. But not only was Colonel Barnett of
+Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new
+regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, but three of his associates in this early<span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</span>
+school of artillery training were given commissions of
+command next to him.</p>
+
+<p>Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel,
+while Walter E. Lawrence and Seymour Race became
+majors. To have four of the chief officers of this regiment
+all from Cleveland and all of the old Cleveland
+artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who
+had cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to
+the front were destined to be disappointed. An order
+came from Washington directing the several batteries
+to report, some at one point and some at another, where
+their services were deemed most needed. Thus the
+companies were separated and the chief field officers were
+shorn of active command.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position.
+He was made chief of artillery on the staff of
+General W. S. Rosecrans, one of the best fighting generals
+in the Union army; was with him in battle and all
+the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward was
+made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third
+division of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel
+Sickles, where he did valiant service until worn out by
+hard work, April 1, 1863, under advice of army physicians
+he was compelled to resign. Later, however, recovering
+something of his health, he was made colonel
+of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Infantry. Major Lawrence became a colonel, served
+with distinction and died in the service. Major W. F.
+Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who meets
+with the “old artillery association” each year, was one
+of the best of the many good fighting men who belonged
+to General Barnett’s regiment. He was mustered into
+the service as a private, became a lieutenant, then a
+captain and came out at the end of the war a major.</p>
+
+<p>Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served
+two years in the war.</p>
+
+<p>Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received
+his military training in the old artillery school. He was<span class="pagenum" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</span>
+commissioned second lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel
+Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards promoted to first
+lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His company
+distinguished itself in several important battles and
+took part in others of lesser note.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.</p>
+
+<p>Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead,
+few will be better remembered than “Commissary” Harry
+Bingham, a man of small stature, full of life and fun.
+It may be said that for some years he contributed largely
+to the life of his military comrades. At the beginning
+of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon
+joined the military service. He became a lieutenant and
+served with credit. Finally, however, the hardships
+of war were greater than he could bear. For a time he
+lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to Cleveland,
+where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert
+him even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a
+smile, to a lady who called upon him during his last
+sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He lies buried in Woodland
+cemetery. Who of his old military comrades will
+not drop a tear to his memory?</p>
+
+<p>Many others of the old guard, some living and some
+dead, deserve well to be mentioned in this connection.</p>
+
+<p>The history of the association itself may be told in
+a few lines. At the close of the civil war, when regiments
+and various commands in the war were forming
+associations and holding reunions, the wife of Captain
+Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun
+squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years
+of age, one day suggested to her husband the propriety
+of Cleveland’s old artillerymen having a reunion. The
+thought was conveyed to General Barnett, Colonel Hayward
+and others, who were pleased with the idea and on
+the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad
+then living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at
+the Kennard House, formed an association of which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</span>
+General Wood was made president and then and there
+had their first banquet. General Wood was continued
+president of the association ten years, until his death
+May 2, 1881, when General Barnett succeeded him. The
+general has been president ever since, some twenty-three
+years. At the first meeting of the association held after
+General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a high
+tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said:
+“Since our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander
+of the old Grey gun squad, captain of the First artillery
+company in Cleveland and president of our association
+since its first organization, has passed away. It was he
+who first introduced into the then West, forty-two years
+ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system.
+We can say of our old comrade that he was an honest
+man. He had a bluff, outspoken way, but a warm, generous
+heart. His pride was with his old artillery associates.
+His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid him
+away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his
+memory and our recollections are of a competent soldier,
+a patriotic man and good citizen.” General Wood was
+born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug. 14, 1847, and died
+May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his brother-in-law,
+the Hon. O. J. Hodge.</p>
+
+<p>Thirty-four years have now passed since the first
+meeting of the association and each year since it has
+had its social gathering, and each Decoration day the
+members have strewn with flowers the graves of their
+departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be
+held many years longer. The whitened locks of these
+men point to a day in the near future when the members
+of the association will hold their last banquet, when
+there will be no member left to decorate the graves of
+the departed, but around their memory long will cluster
+recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship,
+and those now upon life’s stage, and those yet to come,
+with pride will study their history and place upon their
+graves flowers, emblematic of love and veneration.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_IV">CHAPTER IV.</h2>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light
+Artillery (3 months) at their home as before related
+practically closed the military career of that command;
+however, a large number of the men enlisted in other
+commands, notably into the First Ohio Light Artillery
+(3 years) the term being for three years or during the
+war. It was soon found that through the emergency
+of affairs at the opening of trouble and the improper
+muster in and muster out as state troops that the men
+had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army of the
+United States. This error was called to the attention
+of Hon. Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress,
+who made many earnest attempts to rectify the mistake
+through the Honorable Secretary of War; those efforts
+were however unsuccessful, it being decided as the muster
+roll showed that they were state troops, so the matter
+ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was
+elected to Congress. Upon representation of the case to
+Mr. Burton he was at once impressed with the fact that
+fairness and justice to the command required action of
+Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill substantially
+the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and
+given herewith as well as the report of the Military
+Committee of which General Dick was chairman.</p>
+
+<p>The command was very fortunate in having in Congress
+two such good friends as Mr. Burton and Gen.
+Dick, men who have looked so closely and faithfully that
+justice might be obtained. The members of the First
+Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a
+debt of gratitude which they can never pay but which is
+not forgotten.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT<br>
+ARTILLERY.</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole
+House and ordered to be printed.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted
+the following</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">REPORT.</p>
+
+<p class="center">[To accompany H. R. 619.]</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported
+the bill (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition
+of the military services of the officers and enlisted men
+of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,
+report the same back to the House with the recommendation
+that it do pass with the following amendment:</p>
+
+<p>Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2,
+of the bill, the following: “<em>Provided</em>, That no pay,
+bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable
+by virtue of the passage of this act.”</p>
+
+<p>A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported
+favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs
+of the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses,
+which bill, with the accompanying reports, are
+hereby adopted and made a part of this report.</p>
+
+<p>It appears that this regiment was the first body of
+artillery to engage in the service of the United States
+in the late civil war. They were hastened to the front
+on the 21st of April, 1861, and rendered valuable service
+in the campaign in West Virginia. By an omission,
+due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,
+they were never formally mustered into the service by
+any military officer of the United States. On or about the
+30th of May, 1861, while the command was being embarked
+at Marietta, Ohio, a United States officer reported to
+muster them into the service, but the commanding officer,
+General Barnett, stated to him that as his orders
+were imperative to move with the least possible delay,
+he could not wait the formality of a muster. They served
+until the 27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be
+no sufficient reason why their services should not be
+recognized and the officers and men considered to have
+been in the military service of the United States.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</span></p>
+
+<p>Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett,
+with exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col.
+Henry B. Carrington for more complete history of their
+service and the reasons why they were not formally
+mustered.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">State of Ohio</span>, <em>Cuyahoga County, ss</em>:</p>
+
+<p>James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as
+follows: That for some time before the 20th of April,
+1861, and at that date I was the commanding officer of
+what was known as the First Ohio Light Artillery, organized
+under the laws of the State as then existing as
+a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th of
+April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty,
+and immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of
+April, 1861, left Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the
+command was on duty until May 29 of the same year,
+upon which date a portion of the command moved into
+Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion
+of the command went by boat to Benwood and
+thence to Grafton, Va., from which time until the date
+of their muster out they actively participated in the
+campaign in Western Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command
+was being embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to
+muster the command into the service of the United
+States. This officer, if I am correct in my recollection,
+was Colonel Sill. I am not very positive as to the name
+of the officer, but it was either Colonel Sill or Captain
+Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the purpose
+of mustering my command. We were at the time busily
+embarking. A portion of the command had already been
+sent down the river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the
+officer that it would be impossible to get the men together
+for muster, and that our orders were imperative
+to move with the least possible delay, so it was concluded
+to defer the muster until some proper time after
+we had got into Virginia. The command went through
+the campaign without muster, and soon after the expiration
+of their term of service were ordered back to
+Ohio for muster out by orders from the War Department.
+Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered
+in and mustered out upon the same day, dating back
+their muster into the date of taking the field. This muster
+was made by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor
+of Ohio, mustering officer. The muster rolls were<span class="pagenum" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</span>
+changed from the printed forms, erasing the words
+“United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”</p>
+
+<p>I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this
+affidavit, a sketch regarding the movements of the command,
+which consisted of about 120 men, and is a correct
+statement of its movements. This sketch embraces
+pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio troops,
+known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the
+State.</p>
+
+<p>It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the
+Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison,
+of Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon
+page 713 of said record, that the command was recognized
+by the War Department and under its orders during
+its service in Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding
+the troops in western Virginia, set forth on
+page 712 of said record, and others, were received by me
+and executed by me as the commanding officer therein
+referred to.</p>
+
+<p>I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which
+contain the muster roll of the batteries constituting
+said command.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+<span class="smcap">James Barnett.</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and
+by him sworn to before me this 9th day of February, A.
+D. 1895.</p>
+
+<p class="center">
+[<span class="allsmcap">SEAL.</span>] <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">M. P. Mooney</span>,</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><em>Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O.</em></p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Exhibit A.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center fs80">FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.</p>
+
+<p class="center">[Three months’ service.]</p>
+
+<p>Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following
+telegram was wired to Colonel Barnett:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 20, 1861</em>.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>, <em>Cleveland, Ohio</em>:<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday
+if possible. You can hire horses for the guns here<span class="pagenum" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</span>
+or at your point of service. Bring harness and everything
+else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+colonel rank.</p>
+
+<p>
+By order:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="smcap">H. B. Carrington</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four
+of the batteries were from the city of Cleveland, the
+other two being from Brooklyn and Geneva) as though
+borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday morning
+Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains
+of the companies:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>You will report your command of twenty men, ready
+to march to Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at
+the public square. You will have your piece, caissons
+and harness complete, at the depot between Superior
+street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten men to
+attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the
+command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to
+your superior officers.</p>
+
+<p>By order adjutant-general of Ohio:</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">James Barnett</span>, <em>Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery</em>.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">S. B. Sturges</span>, <em>Lieutenant-Colonel</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn
+and Geneva companies.</p>
+
+<p>Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel
+Barnett, as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 21, 1861</em>.</p>
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>:<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Can you bring your command here to-night instead of
+waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>
+
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">William Dennison</span>, <em>Governor</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment
+on Sunday in time to get away on that day. The governor
+was informed by telegraph that it would leave early
+Monday morning. The two outside companies responded
+promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left
+Cleveland for Columbus, at which place it was ordered
+to Marietta via Loveland. Marietta was reached next
+morning, when it went into camp on the fair ground<span class="pagenum" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</span>
+placing the guns in position to guard the city against
+any invasion of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain
+O. M. Poe, of the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the
+regiment, with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased with the command
+and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its
+members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage
+were received, all of which were heartily welcomed.
+Colonel Barnett also received a telegram from Columbus
+to purchase seventy-six horses for his battery upon the
+best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having been
+placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the
+credit of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were
+to be paid for.</p>
+
+<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following
+telegram from General McClellan at Cincinnati:
+“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to
+me when ready for service.” Within two days the required
+number of horses were purchased and all hands
+were busy breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness
+and arranging to move on a moment’s notice.
+The artillery was re-enforced by the arrival of the 14th
+O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O. V. I. on
+the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.</p>
+
+<p>On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch
+to Colonel Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel
+Steadman, you will supply him with a detachment
+of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”</p>
+
+<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command
+of Lieut.-Colonel Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta,
+by boat, for Parkersburg, W. Va., with orders to report
+to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They moved rapidly
+along the line of the B. &amp; O. Railroad, repairing bridges
+destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had
+arrived at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg.
+The rebels retreated from Clarksburg to Philippi. From
+Clarksburg they moved to Webster, and after a tedious<span class="pagenum" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</span>
+night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a. m., making
+short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery
+frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of
+their officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and
+war materials behind them. (This was the first Light
+artillery fired by the national forces in the war of the
+rebellion. In this engagement only a few men were
+wounded.)</p>
+
+<p>On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam
+with Colonel Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting
+to General Morris, who ordered Colonel Barnett
+to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched to Philippi,
+arriving too late to take part in that engagement.
+During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light
+Artillery was at Philippi. The companies, however,
+were scattered; some with their guns did duty as bridge
+guards.</p>
+
+<p>July 6th orders were received by General Morris to
+advance early the following day, occupy Belington, and
+menace the enemy, who were holding a strong position
+at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers struck the
+rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered
+to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing
+effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery
+suffered its first casualty—George W. Tillotson, of
+Company D, was wounded in the groin by a musket ball,
+from the effect of which he died a few years later.</p>
+
+<p>July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and
+Laurel Hill, being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s
+Ford, where the 1st Artillery opened fire on the
+enemy (who were holding a position on a high bank on
+the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect. The
+enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert
+S. Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled
+piece was captured and presented to the artillery, and
+this trophy is now in the public square in the city of
+Cleveland.</p>
+
+<p>Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved<span class="pagenum" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</span>
+back to Belington, and remained there until ordered to
+Columbus to be mustered out. Up to this time, like the
+nine regiments of infantry, it was serving as a State
+organization, and while all other Ohio three-months
+troops were mustered out by United States officers and
+recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for
+some reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s
+staff and is recognized by the War Department
+as only a <em>State organization</em>. The following letter, however,
+will show that it was the intention of the General
+Government to place this regiment of artillery on the
+same footing as other Ohio organizations that did service
+at the same time in West Virginia.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">War Department, Adjutant-General’s Office</span>,</p>
+<p class="right"><em>Washington, July 27, 1861</em>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and
+Colonel Barnett’s artillery of six guns and one hundred
+and twenty men, which have been serving in West Virginia,
+will be sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out
+of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented
+by you, will there be accepted and mustered into
+the United States service for three years as regiments,
+companies of cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The
+two sections of artillery from Ohio (other than Barnett’s
+Battery) and the two companies of cavalry from the
+State, all of which have been serving in Virginia, will
+also be sent home at the expiration of their three
+months’ service, to be there mustered out. They, or
+such of them as may be presented by you, will then be
+accepted as specified for three years, and will be mustered
+into the service of the United States for that period.
+The same will be done in regard to the battery of
+artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp
+Chase.</p>
+
+<p>In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to
+be mustered out of the service. They, or such of them
+as may be presented by you, will there be accepted for
+three years and sworn into the service for that period
+as regiments, companies of cavalry, and batteries of
+artillery.</p>
+
+<p>
+I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">L. Thomas</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p>
+
+<p>His Excellency Governor <span class="smcap">Dennison</span>, <em>Columbus, Ohio</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</span></p>
+
+<p>This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus,
+Ohio, July 27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp
+to governor of Ohio, mustering officer.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired),</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>late colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry.</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Brigadier-general United States Volunteers, adjutant-general</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>of Ohio before and at commencement of the</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>war of 1861-1865.</em></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0">In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">“The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization
+at the outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the
+delay in properly adjusting the record of this pioneer
+artillery corps of the United States volunteer service.</p>
+
+<p>Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had
+been for several years engaged in perfecting a militia
+system by regiments, brigades, and divisions. State encampments
+had been held, and several of its general and
+field officers made immediate records after war began.
+A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and
+Jones to the service.</p>
+
+<p>The artillery was represented by skeleton companies
+with one or two guns each. Three companies, each making
+technically a “gun section,” were organized at Cleveland,
+Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters at
+Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned
+as colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general
+to organize other companies in the State at large.
+These three companies or sections, really composing
+but one battery proper, was the basis of Colonel Barnett’s
+command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.</p>
+
+<p>This battery had previously been inspected by Gen.
+Winfield Scott at Niagara Falls while on an experimental
+march, and was well disciplined and equipped. As
+early as January, 1861, the previous governor, Salmon
+P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio
+militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty
+hours from receipt of President Lincoln’s first call
+twenty disciplined companies (two regiments) were dispatched
+to Washington. The incomplete record of the
+First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery
+had not been called for in the first instance, and the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</span>
+fact that troops were needed upon the State border
+before any had been mustered into the United States
+service.</p>
+
+<p>By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the
+service of the United States, retained their officers. The
+governor of Ohio did not deem it wise thus to designate
+the general officer to command the troops called for by
+the President. A special legislative act promptly provided
+that the major-general might be taken from
+citizens at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed
+and commissioned. The President also appointed
+him major-general. But while thousands of the
+militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been
+mustered into the United States service when their services
+were instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand
+came from Marietta, Ohio, for artillery, as hostile
+demonstrations had commenced, tending to the control
+of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the Adjutant-General’s
+Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect
+was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report
+with his battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday,
+Ambos foundry was fired up and round shot were
+cast for use of the battery. A car was sent to Xenia
+for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were
+made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition
+for artillery in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett,
+having been assured that he would retain his rank
+as colonel, reported with his battery in good condition.
+The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at the
+same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once
+returned to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was
+to administer the State obligation and make up the roll
+as the company was organized. The battery therefore
+moved to the border to await orders, but in a position
+for defensive duty.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded
+arms, so that nine regiments were immediately
+organized and armed as State militia, while no volunteers
+had as yet been mustered into the United States
+service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of
+West Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general
+from that State, and the regiments of Colonels Dumont
+and Milroy had moved to support the regiment of
+Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had
+no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority
+to push militia across the State boundary, authorized<span class="pagenum" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</span>
+the adjutant-general to visit General McClellan
+and submit a plan, which General Wool had approved,
+and also to act for the State, as the conference might
+agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments
+in the various camps were put in motion, with no regard
+for a United States muster.</p>
+
+<p>Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor,
+and during his absence General McClellan called
+for the battery. The following telegram was sent: “Barnett,
+borrow money and buy horses instanter.” Also, to
+each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of
+Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him
+in command of all State troops.”</p>
+
+<p>Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then
+accessible, and, in fact, no troops were fully ready for
+muster; but the battery, supported by the Fourteenth
+Ohio, occupied the heights back of Parkersburg, moved
+to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and with its
+associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of
+Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United
+States service, under United States officers, in brigade
+with regularly mustered United States troops. It had
+the same claim to full recognition and a muster, nunc
+pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.</p>
+
+<p>The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and
+Wool, at once recognized the service, and the adjutant-general,
+without his solicitation or knowledge in advance,
+was appointed colonel of the Eighteenth United
+States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law. The
+emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State
+boundary, and the battery did as good service as if it had
+been that of Captain Bragg, whose precedent it sought
+to emulate.</p>
+
+<p>Respectfully submitted.</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Henry B. Carrington</span>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>and Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Adjutant-General of Ohio.</em></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>The movements of this regiment show a service which
+was distinctly national in character. On May 29, 1861,
+a part of the command moved into Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</span>
+command went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton,
+Va., from which time until the date of their muster
+out they actively participated in the campaign in western
+Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>The command of the troops, after they left Marietta,
+Ohio, and embarked for Virginia, passed completely
+from the officers of the State of Ohio to the Federal officers.
+In May, 1861, General McClellan sent an officer
+of the United States Army Engineers to inspect the regiment
+“with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And
+the evidence shows that the Federal officer found the
+regiment in excellent condition as respects drill, discipline,
+and soldierly bearing. Clothing and camp equipage
+were also furnished to the regiment by the United
+States.</p>
+
+<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the
+regiment, received from General McClellan the following
+telegram from Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of
+your batteries and report to me when ready for service.”
+On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:
+“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply
+him with a detachment of two guns, with proper officers
+and men.”</p>
+
+<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment
+left Marietta, Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders
+to report to Colonel Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer
+Infantry, which were serving under Federal authority.
+They performed important service under such
+orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On
+May 30, 1861, four companies of the regiment, with
+Colonel Barnett, proceeded by boat to Benwood, and received
+orders to proceed to Grafton. They proceeded
+thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the engagement.
+July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to
+Belington, where it was engaged with the enemy. On
+July 12 the First Ohio Artillery opened fire upon the
+enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent effect.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</span></p>
+
+<p>The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery
+regiment was taken into Virginia under authority of
+and for service with the United States Government.
+Such was the understanding of the soldiers and of the
+Federal officers under whom they served, and the character
+of their service was distinctly national.</p>
+
+<p>The regiment was not called into the service of the
+State of Ohio alone, but of other States. Every State
+is an integral part of the Union which the Federal Government
+is, under the Constitution, bound to protect
+against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment
+was employed in general service with and as a
+part of the Federal forces, under orders from the Federal
+Government, and in the execution of a duty which
+was distinctly national in character. The regiment not
+only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks
+of the enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It
+rendered United States service under United States officers
+in brigade with regularly mustered United States
+troops.”</p>
+
+<p>And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired,
+the regiment, which had been “serving in Virginia,”
+was, by order of the War Department dated July
+27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out of
+the service of the United States. And the same order
+directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should
+be tendered should be mustered into the service of the
+United States for three years’ service. Owing, no doubt
+to an oversight, or to ignorance of the fact that the regiment
+had been actually in the service of the United
+States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization
+of the State of Ohio.</p>
+
+<p>The records of the War Department fail to show facts
+upon which justice can be done to this regiment, and
+Congress is asked to afford such relief by a special act.
+Upon the evidence in the case it is submitted that the
+First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery is entitled<span class="pagenum" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</span>
+to proper recognition as having been in the service
+of the United States, and its officers and soldiers
+should receive certificates of honorable discharge as
+such.</p>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p>Following is the muster roll:</p>
+
+<p class="center fs120"><em>First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</em></p>
+
+<p Class="center">FIELD AND STAFF.</p>
+
+<p>[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to Governor
+of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July 27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,
+aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James Barnett</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Colonel.</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed Apr. 21, 1861; mustered out with regiment July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stephen B. Sturges</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Lieutenant-colonel.</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clark S. Gates</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Major.</td>
+<td class="tdc">48</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Amos Townsend</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Quartermaster.</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Elisha Sterling</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Surgeon.</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William E. Standart</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Adjutant.</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Randall Crawford</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">Quartermaster-sergeant.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY A.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William R. Simmonds</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain.</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John A. Bennett</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Samuel M. Cowdery</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thomas J. Thompson</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James Willis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Trumpeter</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Anson, Edward P.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bailey, Amasa</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">42</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Benjamin, John A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Blair, John H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brewster, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Camp, William M.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clark, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cramer, Isaac C.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, Joseph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, Richard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kelley, John J.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Milton, John R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Moats, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">New, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rebbeck, Henry H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reynolds, Daniel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sypher, J. Hale</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Throup, David H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Throup, Roger D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Worley, John G.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">June 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY B.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John G. Mack</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Jacob Ruder</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick C. Gruninger</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Mathew Adams</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beachal, Frederick</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapin, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dawmann, Joseph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 1, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ebert, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Erhart, Alexander</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fabrian, Louis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fenfil, Christian</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fisher, Louis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fredericks, Abraham</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Galleger, John</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Gellecker.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kustner, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lucas, Michael</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Mangelmann, Adolph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Nerritta, Leonhard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nerritter.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Nickel, Lorenze</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nigel.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reidenbach, Peter</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schener, Daniel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schoemer, Michael</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, Nicholas</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Wouley, Andrew</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY C.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick W. Pelton</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Samuel Sears</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Francis S. Pelton</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter C. Schneider</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John C. Brainard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Allen, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Boyen, John H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brainard, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 13, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chaffee, Comfort</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Davis, George R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dean, Charles M.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunbar, Homer</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Abel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Levi</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Grotzinger, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hand, James L.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hone, Alexander</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Llewhellen, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lyon, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Marcellus, Charles E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Roberts, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schmehl, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Storrer, Frank S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Worth, Frederick W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY D.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Percy W. Rice</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James H. Miller</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edwin F. Reeve</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William H. Hilliard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Norman A. Baldwin</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Champlin, William A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">38</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Absent in hospital at Marietta, Ohio, May 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Davis, Daniel S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edgarton, Warren P.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gardner, Orlando D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Harbeck, John S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kidd, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Killam, Simon W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alexander, Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Murray, George E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Orland, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rice, Charles H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Shields, Joseph C.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Robertson</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, James A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thatcher, Lorenzo W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Tillotson, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">44</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Wounded July 7, 1861. in battle of Laurel Hill, Va.; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Vincent, Henry G.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Wilson, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY E.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Heckmau</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">J. Jacob Houck</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Roth</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Valentine Heckman</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bommhardt, Jacob</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Breuhler, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eshenbrenner, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hartman, Hermann</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Herig, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kuglen, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Payson, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Riegler, Albert</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schmidt, Gerhard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schwendner, Conrad</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sehrt, Wilhelm</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “William.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Jacob</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Schmidt.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thaller, Frantz</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Trumpy, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Wetzel, Frederick</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">40</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Wolf, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Zeller, John A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">38</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY F.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dennis Kenny, Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry S. Munger</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Jerome B. Burrows</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James H. Coller</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles D. Lane</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bartholomew, Myron</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bruner, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Burrows, Adrian A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crowell, William H. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dorman, Dennis W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">43</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fitch, Martin L.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gage, Henry W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gary, Marco B.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Myers, Addison D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Paddock, Asher R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Proctor, William E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ransom, Moses Y.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Albert D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stoughton, Theodore</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stowe, Melvin D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thorp, Arthur B.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thorp, Henry H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Turner, Erastus D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Viets, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bb bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak hidden" id="Senate_Bill">Senate Bill</h2>
+
+<p class="center">57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="center">H. R. 619.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.</p>
+
+<p class="center">June 23, 1902.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military
+Affairs.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">AN ACT</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0">Providing for the recognition of the military service of</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><em>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives
+of the United States of America in Congress assembled</em>,
+That the officers and enlisted men of the First
+Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery (three months’
+service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the call
+of the President of the United States issued on the
+fifteenth day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one,
+and which rendered actual military service under the
+command of officers of the United States and in co-operation
+with the regularly organized military forces of the
+United States, shall be held and considered to have been
+in the military service of and to have formed a part of
+the military establishment of the United States during
+the period for which said organization was enlisted and
+was in active service, and that the Secretary of War be,
+and he hereby is, authorized and directed to issue certificates
+of discharge, upon due application and satisfactory
+proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members
+of the said organization: <em>Provided,</em> That no pay,
+bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable
+by virtue of the passage of this Act.</p>
+
+<p>Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.</p>
+
+<p>
+Attest: <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">A. McDowell</span>, <em>Clerk</em>.</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p>House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in
+January, 1903.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<div class="transnote">
+
+<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2>
+
+<ul>
+<li>pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William</li>
+<li>pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett</li>
+<li>pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister</li>
+<li>pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio</li>
+<li>pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.</li>
+<li>pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces</li>
+<li>pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be</li>
+<li>pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington</li>
+<li>pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality</li>
+<li>pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow</li>
+<li>pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow</li>
+<li>pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G</li>
+<li>pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)</li>
+<li>Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.</li>
+<li>The table of contents was written by the transcriber.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 69950 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+The Project Gutenberg eBook of Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light
+Artillery, by Anonymous
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
+will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
+using this eBook.
+
+Title: Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery
+
+Author: Anonymous
+
+Release Date: February 4, 2023 [eBook #69950]
+
+Language: English
+
+Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+             https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+             generously made available by The Internet Archive)
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE
+CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY ***
+
+
+
+
+
+  Transcriber’s Note
+  Italic text displayed as: _italic_
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY
+
+Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861]
+
+
+
+
+  Reminiscences
+
+  of the
+
+  Cleveland Light Artillery
+
+  [Illustration: Drawing of a cannon]
+
+  Cleveland
+  Cleveland Printing Company
+  1906
+
+
+  Contents.
+                                                                  PAGE
+    I. The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.                            3
+   II. A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the
+        Artillery Goes to the Front.                                20
+  III. The Campaign in Western Virginia.                            37
+       Independent Companies.                                       76
+       Barnett’s big regiment.                                      77
+       “Commissary” Harry Bingham.                                  79
+   IV.                                                              81
+  Muster List                                                       94
+  Senate Bill                                                      101
+
+
+CHAPTER I.
+
+THE ACORN FROM WHICH GREW THE OAK.
+
+
+The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose guns
+thundered on nearly all the great battlefields of the War for the
+Union, 1861-5—owed its existence to a process of evolution. It was
+the result of a growth during a period of more than twenty years.
+
+The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company, was formed in
+1837. It was composed of active, intelligent, patriotic young men
+who displayed from the first a laudable pride in the organization,
+and an ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard of
+excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were rewarded by a full
+measure of success, and the company was soon celebrated far and near
+for its fine appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military
+discipline.
+
+In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the Grays held an
+encampment on a vacant lot at the present corner of Superior and
+Erie streets. As compared to its proportions of today, Cleveland was
+then scarcely more than an overgrown village, and the territory in
+the vicinity of the spot designated above—now covered, and for miles
+beyond, with business houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval
+state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light Artillery
+Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early days for its skill in the
+art of gunnery, was present at the encampment. The fine evolutions of
+this command and its proficiency in working and handling artillery
+attracted much attention and awakened a lively interest in that arm
+of military science.
+
+The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once decided that they
+would have a gun squad. No sooner said than done, and nine members of
+the company were detailed for that purpose, as follows:
+
+  David L. Wood,
+  Edward S. Flint,
+  Edward A. Scovill,
+  Richard Dockstader,
+  Frank Krieger,
+  F. H. Utley,
+  James A. Craw,
+  James B. Wilbur,
+  C. J. Merriam.
+
+David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun Squad. He had
+formerly lived in Buffalo and had served as a gunner in Major Fay’s
+company, but had removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous
+member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained and mounted on
+a carriage which, as well as the caisson, was of home manufacture,
+made at the expense of the company. The early drills were held in
+a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery. The
+building was owned by the Ohio Stage Company, which, before the
+days of railroads, was operating its lines of public conveyance.
+These premises were used for five or six years, when more commodious
+quarters were provided.
+
+In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a military station
+at the rapids of the Maumee river, near Perrysburg, Ohio, built
+by General William Henry Harrison in 1813. A number of military
+companies from various parts of the West attended the meeting—among
+them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The members of both
+organizations distinguished themselves by their accuracy in drill and
+their soldierly bearing, for which they bore away a large share of
+the honors.
+
+Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the young
+artillerists continued their practice with the greatest assiduity,
+attaining a perfection that was in the highest degree creditable,
+and they fairly deserved the plaudits that were so freely bestowed
+upon them whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction
+and assistance were received from members of Major Fay’s company,
+before mentioned. The drill was in the French style of tactics then
+in vogue, and generally known as “flying artillery.”
+
+In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays, forming a separate
+organization known as the Cleveland Light Artillery, with two
+12-pound guns, and a large increase in its active membership. David
+L. Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this early day
+belonged to the company were James Barnett, W. E. Lawrence, Seymour
+Race, W. H. Hayward and W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in
+active membership and were prominent during the war as members of the
+First Ohio Light Artillery.
+
+The increase in the company, both in size and equipment, made it
+necessary to have better quarters. An armory was built on Bank
+street, in the rear of what is now the block next north of the
+Mercantile National Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie
+street barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted battery
+of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything complete, all
+of which equipment was provided at private expense, as were also
+the uniforms of the men. Whenever the battery appeared on public
+occasions or went out for field practice all expenses including the
+use of horses were borne by the company.
+
+On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment was held at
+Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was invited to
+participate. The company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march
+from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance both ways being
+something over one hundred miles. This would not have been considered
+much of a march during the war, but it was the first campaign of the
+company, and was a great event in those days. During their stay at
+Wooster the artillerymen received the highest encomiums for their
+excellent appearance and drill.
+
+July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention was held at
+Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent invitation to attend, going
+by lake on the steamer Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded
+by Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company gave several
+exhibitions, acquitting itself with such credit as to win unstinted
+praise. The effect was to stir up the military spirit in Chicago to
+such a degree that a light battery was at once organized there. The
+Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise assisted in
+equipping the battery.
+
+The Chicago company owed its existence in a great measure to the
+Cleveland Artillery. It grew and prospered, and early in the war
+became the nucleus of the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery,
+as the Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed, it may
+fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland Artillery was
+a wide-spread, and a potential factor, through the removal of its
+members from time to time, in awakening an interest before the war
+in that arm of the military service. During the war there was no
+inconsiderable number of artillery officers who entered the army from
+other states, whose first instruction was received years before,
+while members of the old Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was
+usually from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty years
+and more of its existence many of these dropped out of the ranks and
+were widely scattered, their places being filled by others. The seed
+thus sown produced an abundant crop of artillerymen.
+
+General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he was directing
+the march of some artillery through one of the valleys between the
+mountain ranges near Chattanooga. The weather was cold and wet and
+the roads wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast in
+the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons were sunk to the hubs
+and obstinately refused to budge an inch, despite the floundering
+efforts of the panting horses and the picturesque profanity of the
+drivers. Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about equally
+discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition, sat on his horse
+surveying the scene, apparently caring little whether there were any
+stars left in the old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with
+him and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the mire. In
+conversation with him the general learned that the captain was an
+old-time member of the Cleveland artillery, and it was in consequence
+of what he learned in that company that he was induced to raise a
+battery and go to war in earnest.
+
+In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain of the Artillery
+and continued in that position for four years. David L. Wood was then
+again chosen and continued in command until a short time before the
+breaking out of the war.
+
+The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and popular that in
+1851 it was doubled in strength and its armament was increased to
+four guns. At this time there was no organization of the militia
+of Ohio, and very little had been done by the state authorities
+to foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could then have
+believed that ten years later the tocsin of war would be sounded, and
+that more than three hundred thousand men from Ohio alone would march
+to the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed” soldiering,
+either. It is safe to say that Ohio will never again be found in a
+state of such unreadiness—but may the good Lord deliver us from any
+more war! The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will all
+devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who served in the Civil
+War, they know when they have had enough.
+
+After much urging and coaxing the state authorities did at length
+consent to lend a helping hand. When the Cleveland Artillery was
+enlarged to a four-gun battery the state furnished the guns and
+harness. The company supplied everything else, including caissons,
+uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained its status
+as an independent organization. In fact there was no law of Ohio
+authorizing artillery companies in any shape, and the small aid
+that was grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more of a
+gratuity than anything else.
+
+But the company continued to prosper just the same. Its membership
+was composed of excellent material, including young men from many
+of the best families of the city. All were earnest and ambitious
+in their efforts and they soon reached a high state of skill and
+efficiency in handling their guns and in all the details of the
+tactics in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms
+for public occasions, with plenty of red in them, suggestive of
+sanguinary scenes, and presented a really gorgeous appearance when
+parading the streets. They won the applause of the multitude, the
+smiles of the fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For
+in those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded with
+unspeakable awe; and a man in military dress awakened the liveliest
+emotions in the popular mind.
+
+In February, 1852, the company was first called upon for military
+duty. On the 17th of that month a serious riot occurred at a medical
+college situated at the corner of Prospect and Ontario streets.
+The trouble grew out of the exposure of some human bones from the
+dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be the remains of
+his daughter, whose body he thought had been stolen for dissection,
+gathered a formidable mob of excited people and moved upon the
+college with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and of
+hanging the doctors and students to the nearest lamp posts. The
+sheriff soon found that he had more on hand than he could manage and
+ordered out the Light Artillery to his assistance. The members of
+the company responded with alacrity and promptly appeared upon the
+ground, unlimbering their pieces they double shotted them in full
+view of the rioters, who were warned that if they did not instantly
+disperse the guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts, ready
+to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and fled from the scene,
+in a slate of confused demoralization. For precautionary reasons the
+battery remained on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours,
+by the end of which time the excitement had abated and there was no
+repetition of the hostile demonstration.
+
+This incident clearly showed the value of such a body of trained men,
+to meet emergencies liable at times to arise in a rapidly growing
+city, where sudden excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking
+men to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities at
+defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory, fortunately a
+bloodless one. Its members were highly complimented for their prompt
+response to the call and their cool steadiness in the face of the
+excited mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were made of,
+though not to be compared with the scenes of carnage that some of
+those men faced without flinching in after years.
+
+The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in the Light Artillery,
+and to give the company substantial support and assistance. Again it
+became necessary to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient
+funds were contributed by the citizens and the members of the company
+to build a new armory. The building was erected in 1852, near the
+present junction of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on
+which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.
+
+The fame of the company went abroad throughout the land and
+invitations were received from far and near to attend large public
+gatherings. In 1852 an excursion was made by lake to Sandusky, at
+the request of citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists
+were handsomely entertained. In September of the same year the
+anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane was celebrated by an
+immense assemblage of people with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara
+Falls. The Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large number
+of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There the horses were
+hitched to guns and caissons and the company marched to the Falls,
+attracting much attention along the route. The battery took an
+active part in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major Fay’s
+“crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853 the Cleveland company
+attended by special invitation a large encampment of the New York
+state militia at Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery was
+warmly received and was a prominent feature of the encampment.
+
+The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or three years when, the
+location being for various reasons undesirable, it was decided to
+move once more. Quarters were secured near the business center of the
+city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a few rods west of
+Bank street, occupied after the war by Montpellier’s Variety Theater.
+Here the battery continued to abide until it went to the “front” in
+1861.
+
+At this time the company was in better condition than ever before.
+In good quarters, with full battery equipment and fine uniforms, and
+in an admirable state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as
+a model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light Artillery
+and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of the Rover Guards of
+Cincinnati, attended a great military gathering in that city, to
+celebrate the anniversary of Washington’s birthday. There were
+present a large number of the best drilled and equipped independent
+companies of Ohio and other states. None of them surpassed the
+Cleveland contingent in excellence of drill and martial bearing.
+
+During the next three or four years annual encampments were held
+for practice in gunnery and field evolutions, and in the various
+duties of camp life. Frequent excursions continued to be made, in
+response to invitations received from all parts of the country. The
+citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation of the
+high standing of the company and the honor it had conferred upon the
+city by tendering its members occasional banquets which were largely
+attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment. These unsought
+recognitions were most gratifying to the artillerymen and incited
+them to the utmost efforts to “go on unto perfection.”
+
+It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest degree
+creditable to the company—that during all this time, embracing
+a period of twenty years, the large expenses pertaining to the
+organization, such as the purchase of uniforms and equipments
+of every kind, the building or rental of quarters, the cost of
+transportation and the employment of horses, were cheerfully paid by
+the members of the company, with some assistance from time to time
+by the citizens of Cleveland. The state furnished no part of the
+equipment except the guns and harness, and these only for a portion
+of the time.
+
+Below is given a complete roster of those whose names were borne
+upon the roll of the company at different times during these years.
+The names of the nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the
+Gun Squad have already been given. The list which follows embraces
+all who joined and served in its ranks from that time until the
+reorganization of the battery under the militia law of Ohio. The
+older residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar with its
+people of thirty and forty years ago, will recognize in this roster
+the names of many who are now, or were in the past, distinguished as
+honorable and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions
+in business, professional or political life. A large part of the
+old members of the Light Artillery are now dead. A considerable
+number of these made the supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar
+of patriotism, during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose
+names appear removed to other parts of the country and rose to
+prominence in the various walks of life. Some, including two of
+three of the detail from the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around
+Cleveland, commanding the highest respect and esteem of their
+fellow-citizens.
+
+These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized association to
+perpetuate the memories of “auld lang syne.” Regularly each year, on
+Washington’s birthday, they meet around the social board and recall
+reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance their
+comrades who died for their country, and upon the annual recurrence
+of Decoration Day they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves
+of those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland. The
+association is gradually diminishing in number, as one by one its
+members yield to the infirmities of age, but as long as any of them
+remain these yearly gatherings will be continued.
+
+The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery is as
+follows, including all whose names were on its roll from the
+beginning till the reorganization under the state law, in 1860:
+
+  Andrews, J. S.
+  Adams, S. E.
+  Abbey, H. G.
+  Ashcraft, S. F.
+  Adams, M.
+  Barnett, James
+  Bond, M. P.
+  Bond, T. N.
+  Brown, Ben.
+  Beardsley, E. S.
+  Bliss, Stoughton
+  Bingham, Henry
+  Bradburn, Charles
+  Bennett, James
+  Bennett, John A.
+  Brown, J. C.
+  Burwell, H. F.
+  Berry, William
+  Bradford, Charles
+  Beardsley, Clint.
+  Babcock, C. H.
+  Bynnar, C. E.
+  Benjame, John
+  Bills, George W.
+  Bocking, R. C.
+  Blake, I. W.
+  Berry, Alfred
+  Baldwin, N. A.
+  Beck, D. D.
+  Bull, John
+  Born, C. P.
+  Beckel, F.
+  Broat, J. H.
+  Burkhardt, J. H.
+  Cowan, William
+  Cowan, John.
+  Calkins, G. W.
+  Casement, John S.
+  Craw, James A.
+  Crawford, Randall
+  Coon, John
+  Cowdry, C. W.
+  Cowdry, J. M.
+  Craigen, William
+  Cate, William
+  Champlain, Wm. A.
+  Chapman, W. H.
+  Craig, William
+  Crawford, Frank
+  Chapin, E.
+  Curtis, A. F.
+  Clayton, D. B.
+  Crable, John
+  Cummings, B.
+  Dockstader, Richard
+  Dockstader, W. J.
+  Dunham, C. H.
+  Dexter, B. F.
+  Douglass, R. B.
+  Dunn, J. E.
+  Dumont, W.
+  Ensworth, J. W.
+  Ensworth, Jere
+  Eddy, F. H.
+  Eldridge, George D.
+  Edgarton, W. P.
+  Flint, Edward S.
+  Freeman, J. H.
+  Feickert, C.
+  Geer, Hezekiah
+  Green, J. M.
+  Gerlacher, J.
+  Gruninger, Fred
+  Gardner, O. S.
+  Grimshaw, J. W.
+  Hayward, W. H.
+  Harmon, J. C.
+  Hill, James
+  Higby, Charles
+  Harbeck, J. S.
+  Houghton, D. W.
+  Haskill, J. R.
+  Hilliard, William
+  Haidenburgh, J. H.
+  Ingersoll, John
+  Jones, Samuel
+  Johnson, J. W.
+  Krauss, G.
+  Kelley, George
+  Kittell, William
+  Krieger, Frank
+  Lawrence, W. E.
+  Lyon, W. A.
+  Langell, S. F.
+  Lucas, M.
+  Leonard, Charles
+  Lewis, E. H.
+  Lewis, S. J.
+  Marshall, Alex.
+  Machette, Thomas H.
+  Merwin, A.
+  McDole, N. K.
+  McOmber, J. H.
+  Merriam, C. J.
+  Miller, W. L.
+  Miller, James
+  McMurphy, P. F.
+  Mastick, H. A.
+  McIlrath, James
+  Matthews, H.
+  Marshall, Geo. F.
+  Newell, N. M.
+  Noble, H. M.
+  Nelson, S. N.
+  Nelson, N.
+  Pickersgill, William
+  Palmer, Horace
+  Perry, J. S.
+  Paddock, T. S.
+  Potts, W. H.
+  Potts, R. C.
+  Pynchon, J. B.
+  Patrick, C. L.
+  Pratt, D. M.
+  Price, David
+  Prentiss, W. W.
+  Pelton, F. S.
+  Race, Seymour
+  Rice, Percy W.
+  Reese, C. S.
+  Redhead, N. W.
+  Ruple, D. S.
+  Robinson, J. T.
+  Robison, W. S.
+  Ruff, Peter
+  Rodder, C. B.
+  Russell, C. L.
+  Scovill, O. C.
+  Scovill, Edward A.
+  Standart, W. E.
+  Standart, W. L.
+  Standart, S. H.
+  Standart, Geo. W.
+  Simmonds, W. R.
+  Sholl, W. H.
+  Seymour, Belden
+  Strong, J. T.
+  Sterling, J. M. Jr.
+  Sterling, E.
+  Simmonds, S. J.
+  Selden, C. A.
+  Sturges, S. B.
+  Sanford, E.
+  Sanford, Nelson
+  Sanford, J. R.
+  Sturtevant, S. C.
+  Stevenson, M.
+  Smith, Pard B.
+  Sweeny, Thomas T.
+  Stevens, W.
+  Sheldon, W. B.
+  Silsbee, S.
+  Story, J.
+  Smidt, N.
+  Schent, D.
+  Shields, J. C.
+  Taylor, D. C.
+  Thompson, T. J.
+  Towner, W.
+  Umbstaetter, D.
+  Utley, F. H.
+  Wood, David L.
+  Walworth, John
+  Walworth, William
+  Whittemore, M. C.
+  Whittemore, H. L.
+  Warmington, William
+  White, N. D.
+  Winslow, John
+  Wilbur, J. B.
+  Wehl, V.
+  Weidenkopf, N.
+  Werlig, A.
+  Wilson, F.
+
+Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery, it will be
+fitting to pay deserved tribute to the memory of David L. Wood, who
+served as its commandant for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and
+ability the company was so largely indebted for its honorable and
+successful career. He was born in Litchfield county, Connecticut,
+August 14, 1817. While yet a lad his parents removed to Buffalo,
+where he learned the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed
+to Cleveland and at once identified himself with the Grays. His
+connection with Fay’s Artillery Company in Buffalo, his detail from
+the Grays as sergeant of the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services
+in the battery have already been mentioned. Under the law passed in
+1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was appointed by Governor
+Chase to the responsible position of Quartermaster General of the
+state. So faithfully and efficiently did he discharge the duties of
+the position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison and was at
+the head of that most important department of the state executive
+when the war broke out in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability
+in fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded to
+the call. But the true military spirit was strong in him and nothing
+could satisfy him but active service in the field. He resigned his
+position at Columbus and having been by the President commissioned
+a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he
+went to the front in December. His regiment was afterward assigned
+to Thomas’s corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar
+thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so fearfully
+decimated, he was severely wounded. When partially recovered he asked
+to be placed on such duty as he could perform and was put in charge
+of a recruiting station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan made
+his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took command of a hastily
+organized company and joined in the pursuit of the rebel troopers,
+bearing an honorable part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon
+after this, although still suffering from the effects of his wound,
+he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment in the field, but it
+was not granted by reason of his disability and he was placed on the
+retired list.
+
+He went to Cleveland where he was several times elected a Justice
+of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to New York, in the hope that the
+climate might prove more favorable to his failing health. He grew
+worse, however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland. He was
+almost immediately prostrated by severe illness, which terminated
+fatally a few days later. On May 2nd he died, sincerely mourned by a
+wide circle of friends, and particularly by his old comrades of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately
+associated.
+
+Many will remember that for two or three years before the war, as
+the fast-growing sentiment against slavery became more active and
+aggressive in the North, there were mutterings that boded ill for
+the peace of the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds
+that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally burst upon
+the country in all its savage fury. These “signs of the times”
+had the effect, everywhere, to arouse the state authorities from
+their lethargy and measures were taken to encourage and promote the
+organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature of Ohio
+passed a militia law. The friends of the Cleveland Light Artillery
+had for years been hammering at the law-givers, urging the importance
+of state aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its way
+into the minds of the state officials and members of the Legislature,
+that an emergency might arise when a few serviceable cannon, and
+trained men to use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the
+new law they authorized the formation of artillery companies, each
+to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two sergeants and twenty
+privates, with one gun and caisson. The law further provided for the
+organization of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than
+six of such one-gun companies.
+
+In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland Artillery—four
+guns—was at once reorganized into four companies, and there were
+added one in Brooklyn, Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula
+county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though
+its strength in men and guns was only that of a single battery after
+things were placed upon a war footing. The following field and staff
+officers were elected and commissioned by the Governor August 1, 1860:
+
+  Colonel—James Barnett.
+  Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.
+  Major—Clark S. Gates.
+  Surgeon—C. E. Ames.
+  Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.
+  Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.
+
+The companies of the regiment were commended as follows:
+
+  Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.
+  Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.
+  Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.
+  Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.
+  Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.
+  Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.
+
+The organization was officially designated as the “First Regiment
+of Light Artillery, Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer
+Militia.”
+
+The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment” was at the
+unveiling of the statue of Commodore Perry, in Cleveland, September
+10th, 1860. The occasion was an imposing one, and a number of
+military companies from abroad were present and participated in the
+parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island, which was Commodore
+Perry’s native state. The visiting troops and distinguished guests
+accompanying them were hospitably entertained during their stay in
+Cleveland by the members and friends of the Artillery and the Grays.
+A few months later the pomp and glory of a holiday pageant were
+exchanged for the stern realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns
+of the Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell into the
+ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.
+
+Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860. As the
+political campaign of that year progressed the result was
+foreshadowed by the strong drift of public sentiment at the North.
+The “fire-eaters” of the South wrought themselves into a high
+state of excitement over their prospective defeat and for a month
+before the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession and
+revolution in such a contingency. The northern people were slow to
+believe that these declarations were anything more than “wind.” Even
+when they began to take definite form, after the election, the number
+was yet small who believed there would be a conflict of arms.
+
+The success of the Republican party in the election was made the
+pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks later South Carolina packed
+her knapsack and marched out of the Union. Six other states followed
+closely upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten at the
+ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box, but—as those
+most interested in this volume will remember, for they helped to
+make it so—this experiment was equally unsatisfactory to them in its
+outcome.
+
+By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and the people of
+the South to show great activity in the organization of military
+companies, the impression became quite general throughout the North
+that the situation was critical and there was serious trouble
+ahead—and not very far ahead, either. The great “coming event” of the
+century was “casting its shadow before.” Every day but strengthened
+and intensified the determination, through the great, loyal North,
+that at all hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag
+protected from dishonor.
+
+During the winter of 1860, months before the North was aroused by
+the mighty reveille that sounded amidst the echoes of Sumter, many
+independent companies then existing made a voluntary offer of their
+services, provided they should be needed. Among the first to show a
+desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was the Cleveland
+six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon as there began to be a
+smell of powder in the air the members of this organization promptly
+developed an appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General of
+Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services and stating that
+they might be depended upon to respond instantly to the call of duty.
+In two or three days an answer was received. The Adjutant General
+commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and in the name of
+the state thanked them effusively for their noble offer, but added
+that he had no idea they would be called upon, _as it was not at all
+probable that any cavalry or artillery would be required_! No doubt
+this official’s views soon underwent a most radical change. But his
+depressing letter had the effect of the proverbial “wet blanket” upon
+the more enthusiastic artillerists, who were beginning to actually
+suffer for a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be “much
+of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that during the ensuing
+four years there was not enough to go around; everybody who wanted
+any of it had abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after the
+Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General some of them really
+mourned over the prospect of “getting left.”
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II.
+
+A PROMPT RESPONSE TO WAR’S ALARMS AND THE ARTILLERY GOES TO THE FRONT.
+
+
+At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky day—April
+12, 1861, the rebel batteries at Charleston opened fire on Fort
+Sumter. The fort was surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On
+this day President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling out
+seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months. That night it went
+out by telegraph, and on Monday the people of the North knew that the
+last hope of compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war” had
+been slipped, and the country was to be tested in the fierce crucible
+of a mighty conflict. None who witnessed it, or were a part of it,
+can ever forget the grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses,
+from Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio river, to
+avenge the insult of the National Flag. It need only be alluded to
+in this connection. The quotas of the various states under the first
+call for troops were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more
+than filled in a single day. All the organized military companies in
+Ohio offered their services, and all were clamorous that they should
+be accepted. There seemed to be a generally prevailing fear that the
+war would be “all over” before they could get there.
+
+The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad of the Cleveland
+Artillery was detailed more than twenty years before—left amidst
+prodigious excitement for Columbus, became Company E of the First
+Ohio Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But so far
+there was no call for the artillery. How all the men, from Colonel to
+powder-monkey, chafed in the impatience of their raging patriotism.
+It would be sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove
+that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no artillery would
+be needed”—or if a few cannon should be required the batteries of
+the Regular Army would supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would
+remain “out in the cold.”
+
+But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys, who were
+fretting themselves sick, had not long to wait for the glad summons.
+On Saturday, April 20, the following dispatch went singing over the
+wires:
+
+  Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.
+
+  To Colonel James Barnett,
+  Cleveland, O.
+
+  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday if possible. You can
+  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring
+  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+  Colonel’s rank. By order—
+
+  H. B. Carrington,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the evening of the day
+named. How the news spread through the city, as if borne upon the
+wings of the wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys to
+thumping and how they cheered at the tidings, while tears dimmed the
+eyes and moistened the cheeks of wives and mothers and sisters and
+sweethearts!
+
+Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to
+captains of companies:
+
+  You will report your command of twenty men ready to march to
+  Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at the Public Square. You
+  will have your piece and caisson and harness complete at the depot
+  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten
+  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A. M., under the
+  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior
+  officers.
+
+  By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.
+
+  James Barnett,
+  Colonel First Regiment Artillery,
+  S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.
+
+
+A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir up that company, and
+a telegram was sent to Geneva, carrying the news to Company F.
+
+“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as the artillerymen
+hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation for “going to war.”
+In Cleveland, as everywhere else, there was a furious ferment of
+excitement. For the moment business of every kind was laid aside.
+The one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands and sons
+and brothers had been called to the field to defend the nation’s
+flag. Not only their immediate friends but the citizens generally
+put forth every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.
+Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made. But no stimulating
+force was then necessary, for every heart was swelling with patriotic
+ardor and the spirit of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the
+utterance of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to express
+sympathy with those who had fired on the flag his life would not have
+been worth a rush. If there were any such, they kept prudently quiet.
+People shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words of cheer
+and encouragement to those who were about to leave for “the front.”
+The boys had little need, however, of being urged to obey the call
+of duty, and sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state
+of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their guns in the
+face of the foe.
+
+The state of public feeling was about as hot as it could be, but on
+Sunday morning another dispatch was received which added more fuel to
+the fierce flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.
+It was as follows:
+
+  Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.
+
+  To Colonel James Barnett,
+
+  Can you bring your command here tonight instead of waiting till
+  tomorrow? If so, come armed.
+
+  William Dennison, Governor.
+
+
+Thus early people began to learn that there is “no Sunday in war.”
+All that day the excitement increased. Those who took the time to go
+to church listened to sermons on the duty of the hour.
+
+It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment in time to get
+away on Sunday and the Governor was informed by telegraph that it
+would leave early Monday morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny
+at Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and could be ready to
+leave that night for the rendezvous at Cleveland. The necessary
+transportation was provided and the company reported before daylight.
+Company C. from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and half the
+people of that town accompanied the boys to the city to “see them
+off.”
+
+During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there was the greatest
+activity among the members and friends of the regiment. The whole
+city was astir and fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of
+people turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading to
+Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers. The latter were,
+of course, only provided with a “pick up” outfit, it being expected
+that all necessary clothing and supplies would be furnished by the
+state authorities.
+
+In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape as possible the
+citizens contributed a sum sufficient for the purchase of one hundred
+and twenty blankets—all that could be found in Cleveland suitable
+for military use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,
+and the following memorandum of the purchases is given as an item of
+interest:
+
+                     Number.    Price.    Amount.
+
+  E. I. Baldwin        12     $ 1.48-⅓    $ 17.80
+  Taylor & Griswold     3       2.50         7.50
+  Alcott & Horton      92       2.00       184.00
+  Morgan & Root        13       1.75        22.75
+                      ———     ——————      ———————
+      Total           120                 $232.05
+
+At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about one hundred and
+sixty men, embarked on a special train. There were hasty and tearful
+farewells and the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and
+cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music of brass
+bands.
+
+At that time no one had more than a vague and foggy idea of what
+war was. It had not yet become the serious matter that it was a
+few months later, and during the four long and bitter years that
+followed. The first volunteers went to the field with a grand
+hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism, but with no
+conception of the hardship and privation and blood and fire and
+death that were before them. The sickle was sharpened but had not
+been thrust in to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no
+stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with mangled
+victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed with the dead and dying;
+no long, weary marches, through heat and cold and storm; no ravages
+of wasting disease. All these were yet as an unopened book to these
+men hastening to the field, and to those who with moistened eyes and
+beating hearts bade them farewell and God speed. Only a few then
+believed that there would be much of a war—that the trouble would not
+all be over in sixty or ninety days.
+
+The following is a roster of the regiment as it left Cleveland, the
+officers of the field and staff having been already given. A few men
+who joined some of the companies a few weeks later are included:
+
+
+COMPANY A.
+
+Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A. Bennett.
+
+  Roger D. Throup,
+  Joseph Dunn,
+  John A. Benjamin,
+  Thos J. Thompson,
+  John J. Kelley,
+  M. Eugene Cornell,
+  John H. Blair,
+  George W. Clark,
+  Thomas D. Beckwith,
+  Edward P. Anson,
+  Isaac Cramer,
+  David H. Throup,
+  Richard Dunn,
+  George Bruster,
+  Henry New,
+  Henry H. Rebbeck,
+  J. Hale Sypher,
+  W. M. Camp,
+  Henry Moels,
+  Daniel Reynolds,
+  John R. Milton,
+  Amasa Bailey,
+  William Bruner.
+
+
+COMPANY B.
+
+Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First Sergeant,
+Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant Mathias Adams.
+
+  Daniel Scheuer,
+  George Chapin,
+  John Galcher,
+  Andrew Worley,
+  Charles B. Rodder,
+  Peter Ruff,
+  Adolph Menzelman,
+  Peter Reidenbach,
+  Lewis Fahrion,
+  Frederick Beckel,
+  Leonard Nerriter,
+  Abraham Fredericks,
+  Michael Schoemer,
+  Nicholas Weidenkopf,
+  William Ebert,
+  Lawrence Nigel,
+  Christian Tenfel,
+  Alexander Erhart,
+  Michael Lucas.
+
+
+COMPANY C.
+
+Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears; First Sergeant, F.
+S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C. Schneider.
+
+  Levi Fish,
+  William Fish,
+  Alexander Heve,
+  F. W. Wirth,
+  William Llewellyn,
+  C. E. Marcellus,
+  Frank Storer,
+  George Lyon,
+  G. R. Davis,
+  Edward S. Brainerd,
+  Abel Fish,
+  Henry Fish,
+  John C. Brainerd,
+  C. M. Dean,
+  J. H. Boyden,
+  J. L. Hand,
+  E. S. Allen,
+  William Grotzinger,
+  Frank Wattles,
+  Henry Roberts,
+  George Schmale.
+
+
+COMPANY D.
+
+Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First Sergeant, E. F.
+Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.
+
+  W. P. Edgarton,
+  George D. E. Murray,
+  D. S. Davis,
+  William Kidd,
+  H. G. Vincent,
+  Frank Wilson,
+  Robinson Smith,
+  S. W. Killam,
+  C. H. Rice,
+  G. W. Tillotson,
+  J. S. Harbeck,
+  N. A. Baldwin,
+  George Crawford,
+  J. C. Shields,
+  Henry Orland,
+  J. A. Sterling,
+  W. A. Champlin,
+  Alexander Marshall,
+  L. W. Thatcher,
+  Orlando S. Gardner.
+
+
+COMPANY E.
+
+Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck; First Sergeant,
+Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine Heckman.
+
+  Louis Smithnight,
+  Frank Thaler,
+  Conrad Schwendner,
+  George Eshenbrenner,
+  George Bruehler,
+  Fred Wetzel,
+  Gerhardt Schmidt,
+  Henry Trumpy,
+  J. A. Zeller,
+  Albert Rigler,
+  Jacob Bomhardt,
+  George W. Payson,
+  Charles Herig,
+  William Schutt,
+  George Kugler,
+  George Wolf,
+  August Beiser.
+
+
+COMPANY F.
+
+Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S. Munger; Second
+Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second
+Sergeant, C. D. Lane; Corporal, J. H. Coller.
+
+  H. H. Thorp,
+  A. D. Myers,
+  W. E. Proctor,
+  M. L. Fitch,
+  H. W. Gage,
+  Theodore Stroughton,
+  Frank Viets,
+  E. D. Turner,
+  W. H. H. Crowell,
+  D. W. Dorman,
+  A. A. Burrows,
+  A. R. Paddock,
+  A. B. Thorp,
+  M. D. Stowe,
+  Myron Bartholomew,
+  M. Y. Ransom,
+  A. B. Smith.
+
+Musician—James Willis.
+
+Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon Chambers, Edward Gates,
+Thomas Morris.
+
+It may be remarked here in passing that the men were not long in
+learning that there was something in “soldiering” besides romance and
+“flowery beds of ease.” Before June 1st six or seven of them had been
+discharged for disability by reason of sickness, and one made up his
+mind that he had got all he wanted and deserted.
+
+All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed and shouted in the
+exuberance of their patriotic emotions, and told one another of the
+valorous deeds they would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded
+them. At all points along the route the people greeted them with
+uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted the guns and caissons,
+which were on platform cars, were regarded with the utmost curiosity
+and interest by crowds of men, women and children. The engines of war
+were a novelty to them.
+
+On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed that the
+regiment would debark and go into camp for a few days at least—an
+order was received to proceed at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way
+of Loveland. It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being
+threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry companies
+from that part of the state which had offered their services had been
+sent to Washington. The city was wholly defenseless and there were
+no troops to send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.
+After something had been learned of the art of war it came to be
+considered the proper thing to always provide an infantry support
+for artillery, but nobody thought of such things at the moment of
+emergency. So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland, with
+their guns and caissons, but without a single horse to move them,
+were hurried away to prevent the rebels from capturing Marietta. It
+is but justice to the members of the regiment to say that they had
+an abiding confidence in their ability to hold that city against the
+entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went whirling on through
+the darkness all hearts were swelling with patriotism and a heroic
+determination to obey every call of duty, even to facing death in
+its most awful form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence
+wading in blood immediately.
+
+Marietta was reached early next morning but no enemy was there to
+fight. The air was full of wild rumors that legions of rebels were
+approaching, with evil designs upon the city, and the people were
+badly scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real
+cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The men were most
+cordially welcomed and received with unbounded hospitality. The
+regiment went into camp on the fair grounds, placing the guns in
+position to command the city and spread havoc and destruction among
+any misguided people who should attempt to capture it.
+
+The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in the way of
+supplies from either the state or national government. Indeed the
+men had not even been mustered into the service—and as a matter of
+fact they were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions
+were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by mail and telegraph,
+for clothing, rations, ammunition, etc., all of which were quite
+indispensable to efficient service. When ordered on from Columbus
+Colonel Barnett had been assured that everything needful would
+be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor was
+the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The Cleveland
+contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten. It was a pretty
+clear case of “out of sight out of mind.” There may have been some
+excuse for this in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly
+and found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency; nor had
+there been sufficient time as yet for the United States government
+to adjust itself to a condition of actual war and provide for the
+needs of its soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best
+they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing them to
+the front in the shortest possible time everything was in the wildest
+chaos. It is little wonder that things went at haphazard and it was
+only by chance that any officer got for his men what they needed.
+
+As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions came both
+officers and men began to get a little warm under the collar. Colonel
+Barnett prodded up the Columbus people daily, his messages growing
+more and more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been
+provided with a single horse and would have been of little practical
+value in case of an attack, unless the rebels had kindly marched up
+in front of the guns and permitted themselves to be shot down. In
+this case the slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been
+supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment passed through
+Columbus the condition of the command was reported and the Adjutant
+General had promised that horses and ammunition should be promptly
+furnished at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,
+before leaving the state capital, several pork barrels full of round
+shot, a few chests of fine rifle powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey
+stuff, ostensibly for the purpose of making cartridges. The whole
+“outfit” was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns and
+the powder was no doubt a good thing with which to go squirrel
+hunting, but was little better than so much sawdust for artillery
+use. It will be readily understood that at this time the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage to
+the Southern Confederacy.
+
+The men had no clothing except that which they had brought from
+home. Few had a change of garments, as it was understood when
+they left Cleveland that they would be amply supplied. They could
+rub along a while with what clothes they had but they must have
+“grub”—that was in the nature of a prime and fundamental necessity.
+Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went, but it didn’t go a
+long way in satisfying the cravings of an empty stomach. Appeals to
+the authorities were in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a
+contract with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the command.
+There was nothing else to be done, and it is just to the authorities
+to say that this bill was finally allowed and paid by the state. It
+is also fair to Mr. Hall to say that he carried out his contract in
+good faith, furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin for
+grumbling.
+
+The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was named “Camp
+Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic citizen of Marietta who was
+a direct descendant of Gen. Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary
+fame. The men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or
+two later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme. The
+kindness and hospitality of the citizens were conspicuous. No effort
+was spared to make the boys as comfortable as possible. But even
+under these favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that
+they were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good deal
+for their country. When they came to experience the real hardships
+of active service in the field they looked back with unutterable
+yearnings to the idle weeks that were largely spent in playing euchre
+and “old sledge” at Camp Putnam.
+
+Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and of the post of
+Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline and daily drills
+rapidly increased the efficiency of the command. Early efforts were
+made to secure a supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked
+up at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were no shells or
+canister, and the solid shot were not only wrong in size but they
+were not round and could not have been thrown with any degree of
+precision. Colonel Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a
+quantity of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged the use of
+a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to work turning sabots,
+and a laboratory was fitted up where cartridges were made and the
+sabots were properly strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work
+was performed by the members of the regiment. Many of them were
+excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and willing. Such men
+can do anything. The ladies of Marietta offered their services,
+glad of the opportunity to do something for the cause of the Union.
+Since the first tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint
+and preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly in
+excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody had been hurt
+yet, and a million or two of women all over the North had been
+engaged in the work. Now there was a chance for the matrons and
+maidens of Marietta to render assistance in another very practical
+way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured and immediately
+a hundred fair hands were at work, plying scissors and needle, in
+making cartridge-bags. The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a
+wonderfully short time they had finished enough to last for months.
+The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at Columbus was
+exchanged for cannon powder, and the artillery began to look more
+like business. This homemade ammunition was largely used in target
+practice, which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness. Day
+after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery, as the boys
+sighted their guns at the targets and imagined themselves hurling the
+whistling missiles through solid battalions of rebels.
+
+It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing and camp and
+garrison equipage were received. About the middle of May, Captain O.
+M. Poe, of the Corps of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by
+Gen. George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery
+with a view to its being ready for service, at a moment’s notice.
+Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly pleased with the command
+and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its members.
+He assured Colonel Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped
+without further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at
+length there would be something besides mere promises. A few days
+later this was partially realized by the arrival of a quantity of
+clothing, which made the men feel more like soldiers, even though
+it was shoddy—and very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the
+garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two of wear was
+sufficient to finish them. They had to be thrown aside out of a
+decent regard for the usages and proprieties of civilized people.
+While wearing these clothes the men would break for their quarters
+and hide themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came a
+lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds. These were
+heartily welcomed, as the boys had been forced to make all sorts
+of shifts, with such articles as were kindly furnished them by the
+people of Marietta.
+
+About this time another idea appears to have effected a lodgment in
+the minds of the authorities at Columbus, and that was that horses
+were quite essential for field artillery. A stirring up by Gen.
+McClellan caused a dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing
+and directing him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or
+“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really was—by
+purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta. A day later came the
+following, which will be of interest as a relic of the early days of
+the war:
+
+  Adjutant General’s Office,
+
+  Columbus, May 25, 1861.
+
+  Special Order No. 244.
+
+  Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you have not
+  previously acted upon telegram sent this evening, you will purchase
+  for your battery 76 horses, upon the best terms you can, putting
+  them under the best discipline for prompt action.
+
+  From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected that you can
+  purchase for a sum not to exceed from 75 to 110 dollars each. The
+  army limit I understand to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at
+  these times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to whom
+  you have letters and report your proposals by telegraph.
+
+  By order of Commander-in-Chief,
+
+  H. B. CARRINGTON,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the sum of $10,000
+was placed to his credit by the State of Ohio, in a Marietta bank,
+out of which the horses were to be paid for as fast as purchased. On
+the same day the above order was received, came also the following
+telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of excitement and
+caused a wild rush into the region round about to look for horses:
+
+  Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,
+
+  Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to me when ready
+  for service.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General U. S. A.
+
+Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the battery were
+immediately sent out to scour the country. Whenever a suitable animal
+was found that could be bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel
+Barnett was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the
+sort of animal purchased and the price that had been agreed upon.
+These orders were promptly paid by Colonel Barnett with checks upon
+the bank. A few sample orders are given below. They were written on
+cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd bits of paper of
+every variety of size, shape and color:
+
+  Col. Barnett,
+
+  Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one daple gray horse.
+
+  F. W. Pelton.
+
+
+  Col. Barnett,
+
+  Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy dollars ($170)
+  for one sorril gelding and one sorril mare.
+
+  John Newton.
+
+  To Col. Barnett,
+
+  Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars in Ohio money
+  for one iron grey horse, weight eleven hundred, six years old,
+  fifteen hands high, wich we ar a going to keep with us. Sargt.
+  Gruninger want to keep him to ride and send the livery horse home.
+
+  T. R. Wells.
+
+  Col. James Barnett,
+
+  Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars for two sorrel
+  mairs, 160$.
+
+  Henry Faring.
+
+These orders, besides being of historical interest, go to show that
+correct orthography is not essential to the purest and loftiest
+patriotism. The “mairs” for which the last order was given were
+accepted, although of the wrong sex to comply with army regulations,
+which requires that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery
+service shall be of the masculine gender. Only males, of the equine
+as well as the human race, are considered to be fit for war.
+
+Within two days the required number of horses was obtained. All hands
+were busy “breaking them in” to their new sphere of usefulness.
+Trained horses are only second in value to trained men for artillery
+service. When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference
+in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear to have a plentiful
+supply of “sand” and display an intelligent courage that is almost
+heroic, while others become sadly demoralized under fire and are
+totally unmanageable.
+
+Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns into
+the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland Light Artillery was to
+participate. Something fresh in this line was circulated through the
+camp every hour. No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned
+later to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody
+in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had a consuming
+desire to do something that would help to put down the rebellion.
+Like all new troops, at every stage of the war, they were impressed
+with the idea that their mission was to fight somebody, and they
+chafed at the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be
+strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to test the truth
+of the somewhat apocryphal statement that “it is sweet to die for
+one’s country,” it may safely be recorded that they were eager to go
+on the war-path, and as to the rest they were willing to take the
+chances. An order to move was daily expected and the utmost activity
+prevailed in the work of getting everything in perfect readiness to
+respond at once to the summons.
+
+By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta, consisting of
+the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel James B. Steadman, and the
+Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth
+had been drilling for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It
+came with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for service. The
+Eighteenth had not yet received arms and equipments, but these were
+promised at an early day. In those days a regiment of infantry meant
+a thousand men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred, such
+as were common later in the war, when the ranks had been decimated by
+disease and the deadly storm of battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached
+Marietta on the 24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.
+
+The rumors of forward movements at length assumed definite form. It
+became known that a campaign was about to begin across the river in
+Western Virginia. On May 27th the following dispatch was received:
+
+  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply him with a
+  detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General.
+
+On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat to Parkersburg,
+Virginia—the state of West Virginia had not then been formed—being
+the first Union force to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took
+possession without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It was
+now reasonably certain that the artillery would very soon follow to
+take part in the campaign. Every man was directed to hold himself
+ready to be up and away at a moment’s notice.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III.
+
+THE CAMPAIGN IN WESTERN VIRGINIA.
+
+
+Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of glory disturbed
+the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam during the night of May 27th.
+Nor were they far out of the way, for before another sunset, part
+of the artillery would be en route for “the front.” Early on the
+morning of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett a
+dispatch which read as follows:
+
+  Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Send immediately to this place two companies of artillery, with
+  their pieces, horses, and three hundred rounds of ammunition.
+
+  JAMES B. STEADMAN,
+  Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.
+
+Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing Colonel Steadman
+that the battery was entirely destitute of ammunition for field
+service. A supply was hourly expected and upon its arrival the
+detachment would be sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the
+afternoon Colonel Steadman replied as follows:
+
+  Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  If you can send two of your companies with their pieces do so at
+  once. The presence of the men and guns will have a good effect.
+  Send forward as many of the Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed
+  and equipped. I want them to garrison this place. These are General
+  McClellan’s instructions.
+
+  JAMES B. STEADMAN,
+  Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.
+
+During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams from all sources,
+among which were the following:
+
+  Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred rounds of
+  canister will be shipped to you from Columbus this evening. As soon
+  as you receive it detach two pieces with an officer and complement
+  of men with ammunition to go forward and report to Col. Steadman
+  at the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad beyond
+  Parkersburg.
+
+  G. B. McCLELLAN,
+  Major General.
+
+  Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.
+
+  To Col. Barnett:
+
+  Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan. Telegraph me
+  when you move a company. Keep me advised of all your movements.
+  Clothing and supplies go by your Quartermaster.
+
+  H. B. CARRINGTON,
+  Adjutant General.
+
+These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a continual fever
+of excitement, which grew hotter every hour. In reply to Colonel
+Steadman’s second dispatch Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the
+substance of General McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the
+two companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam was greatly
+disturbed by the question as to which two of the six companies should
+constitute this detachment. All were eager to go, apparently saddened
+by the thought that this, their first, might be their last, and only
+chance to get an experimental knowledge of what war was. The military
+career of the four companies which stayed behind would terminate in
+an inglorious journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning
+their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D, Captain Rice, and
+F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate ones. They were ordered to be
+ready to embark early on the following day. The detachment was placed
+in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.
+
+The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies D and F, with
+their guns, horses, and equipments complete, were soon on board a
+special steamboat and left in high spirits, replying with great gusts
+to the parting cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained.
+On reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve miles down
+the river from Marietta, it was found that Colonel Steadman, to
+whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges had been ordered to report with the
+detachment, had advanced some distance beyond that place on the line
+of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged in
+repairing bridges which the retreating enemy had destroyed. The
+artillery detachment pushed on promptly and joined him May 30—12 M.
+At last they were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to
+send the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia hills.
+The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen a rousing reception,
+greeting them with loud and oft-repeated cheers.
+
+At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command of the
+rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with his headquarters at
+Grafton. The loyal sentiment in Western Virginia was very strong.
+Those who favored secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed
+of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy the territory
+as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording encouragement and
+protection to the loyal people and holding that section from being
+dragged into the vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the
+great majority of the people.
+
+The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to retain possession
+to recruit their armies, secure the supplies which the country
+afforded, and bring every possible influence to bear upon the people
+to induce them to cast their fortunes with the South. To this
+end Colonel Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior
+to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a high-flown
+proclamation to the people of Western Virginia. In sounding phrase
+he called upon them to stand by their state and urged them to fill
+up the Confederate ranks and assist in protecting their firesides
+from the ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot of
+Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated “Yankees,” though it
+took every drop of blood in his veins. A few days later he and such
+of his soldiers as were not killed or captured were leaving tracks
+behind them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape
+from their blue-coated pursuers.
+
+General McClellan was in command of all the Union forces in that
+department. He planned the campaign and directed the movements that
+were so successful during the early days of the war. The services
+rendered by the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of
+inestimable value to the government, even though the amount of blood
+actually shed on either side was not large when compared with the
+copious streams that reddened the earth before the war was finished.
+The “battles” of those days would have ranked only as skirmishes
+when the great conflict was at its height, when mighty armies met
+and thousands upon thousands were slain or wounded in a single day.
+But history has justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to
+arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry saved
+Western Virginia to the Union. In this campaign the Cleveland Light
+Artillery bore a most honorable part and deserved the high praise
+which was so freely accorded to it.
+
+The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced rapidly along the Baltimore and
+Ohio Railroad, moving by train with occasional stops for the repair
+of bridges and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished
+that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached, about eighty miles
+east of Parkersburg. There was occasional skirmishing on the way, and
+a few prisoners were picked up, but no action of moment took place.
+The enemy retreated at all points before the advance of the Union
+force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied, without loss of life, by a
+force under Colonel B. F. Kelley, First Virginia (Union) Volunteers,
+which made a rapid movement from Wheeling and secured a safe
+lodgment at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad haste
+upon its approach.
+
+The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg and Grafton
+fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles south of Grafton. Here they
+made a stand and announced their determination to fight. It was at
+once decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate
+advance of the Union forces upon that place was ordered. It was
+desirable to again strike the enemy before he should have time to
+fortify and otherwise strengthen his position. The rebel commander
+was calling loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of the utmost
+importance to keep him on the run before his force should be so
+augmented as to outnumber the Union troops. The greatest energy was
+displayed in the movement on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies
+of the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of the
+Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster, within 12 miles
+of Grafton, and the nearest point to Philippi. To reach the latter, a
+rapid march of fifteen miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved
+from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery in command
+of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At the same time another column
+was advancing on Philippi from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The
+whole expedition was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,
+Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General McClellan.
+
+It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see what has become
+of the four companies of the artillery which remained grumbling in
+Camp Putnam when Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment
+to join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long to wait.
+One more night in camp, and then came a summons that electrified
+them. The four companies, with all the goods, chattels and other
+appurtenances thereto belonging, embarked on a steamboat and went
+with all speed to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river
+opposite Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five
+miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders set their
+feet for the first time within the confines of Dixie’s Land. Barnett
+reported to General Morris and was directed to move his command at
+once by rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to the
+column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon Philippi. The infantry
+force consisted of portions of Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia,
+the North Indiana, Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel
+Irvine. This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles east
+of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi was to be made.
+The route was four or five miles longer than that to be traversed by
+the co-operating force to advance from Webster.
+
+General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing the
+details of the movement, dated Grafton, June 2d, 1861: You must
+regulate your march according to your own discretion, and your
+bivouac or rest at night in such manner that you are sure of coming
+before the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning as
+possible. Should you this evening receive certain information that
+the rebels have retreated eastward from Philippi, you will make the
+resting time of your troops as short as possible, in order to follow
+them up with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.
+
+The right attacking column was under the command of Colonel Dumont,
+Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to which the force of Steadman had been
+joined, with part of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The
+following is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:
+
+  Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,
+
+  Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.
+
+  Colonel Dumont,
+  Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,
+  Va.:
+
+  Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening at 8:30 o’clock
+  to Webster with eight companies of your regiment. At Webster you
+  will be Joined by Colonel Steadman with five companies of his
+  regiment and two field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel
+  Crittenden with six companies of his regiment. From Webster
+  you will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your own
+  discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in view that you
+  should arrive in front of the town at 4 o’clock precisely tomorrow
+  morning.
+
+  Information is received that the rebels are in some force at
+  Philippi. The object of your column will be to divert attention
+  until the attack is made by Colonel Kelley, and should resistance
+  be offered you are to aid him to the extent of your ability. In the
+  conduct of your column you must use your discretion, being governed
+  by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by Colonel Kelley
+  the whole force will be under his command.
+
+  The companies of your command will take two full days’ rations.
+  Should you receive instructions from Colonel Kelley that the rebels
+  have retreated, you will join him at once and act under his command.
+
+  By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:
+
+  JOHN A. STEIN.
+  Acting Assistant Adjutant General.
+
+The intention was to surprise the rebels and the movement was
+admirably planned and carried out to effect this result. This force,
+leaving after dark, had reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in
+advance of any information from their friends and, as events proved,
+did so. The advance was favored by the extreme darkness of the night
+and a continuous fall of rain. These circumstances contributed in no
+small degree to the complete success of the expedition, but they were
+rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first march under
+such dismal conditions.
+
+All night, through the darkness and drenching rain, the two columns
+pushed on, over roads so rough and muddy that they were in some
+places almost impassable to artillery. It was only by the aid of
+the men who swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to
+the wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns and
+caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism indeed. They
+tried bravely to keep up their spirits as they trudged along through
+mud and water and stumbled over the roots and stumps and stones that
+lay in their pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see
+his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the poetry and
+romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness and completeness that
+was paralyzing. Most of these men “followed the flag” during the long
+years of war. They passed through many such unspeakably wretched
+nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed to equal in misery
+those weary hours of floundering through the mire, with benumbed
+limbs and soaked and dripping garments during that night march to
+Philippi.
+
+There was no postponement of the engagement on account of the
+weather, and promptly at the appointed hour, 4 a. m., the two columns
+were in communication before the town. Like most of the so-called
+“towns” in the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place, though
+the county seat of Barbour county. It had a shabby courthouse, a
+still more shabby hotel, a few houses in which the Philippians lived,
+and a name—that was all.
+
+The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly and carefully
+made, with the object of capturing the entire rebel force, whatever
+it might be. At daylight the troops, which had nearly surrounded the
+town in order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different
+directions to spring the trap that had been set. The early morning
+visitation was a complete surprise to the rebels. There were a few
+sleepy pickets posted at isolated points, several of which were taken
+in before they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of
+them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off their
+guns and then break for the town. This alarmed the main body of the
+Confederate forces and in an instant the direst confusion prevailed.
+Colonel Porterfield and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel
+and were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily throwing on
+their clothes they quickly mounted their horses and dashed around
+endeavoring to learn what the trouble was all about.
+
+The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels of the
+retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told the rebels that
+they must fight or run and that the decision must be made at once.
+In the light of subsequent evidence it may be considered likely
+that Colonel Porterfield was willing to fight, but the Confederate
+soldiers deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not upon
+the order of their going but went at once and with the utmost
+precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,” to use a word that was
+current in war times.
+
+The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use their guns and
+they made the most of it, to the extent of sixteen rounds. Although
+sharing fully in the wild excitement of the first meeting with
+the enemy they served their pieces with a coolness and skill that
+elicited from those in command words of the highest praise. (It is a
+matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of one soldier,
+the first casualty by artillery fire in the field done by the Union
+forces, but it is undeniably true that the roar of their guns and
+the plunging shot greatly aided in demoralizing the rebels and
+accelerating the speed with which they sought a safe place far in the
+rear.)
+
+The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the efforts of
+their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They had barely time
+to get away, and left behind them a large quantity of supplies
+and material of war which had been collected. The rear end of the
+disorganized rebel procession had not disappeared when Colonel
+Kelley’s column came in sight. His advance dashed after the enemy,
+himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish. It did not
+last long, however, as the rebels fled out of range at the earliest
+possible moment. None of the Union soldiers were killed. A few were
+wounded, and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received a
+pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from duty for some
+weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing foe was impossible, owing to
+the extremely exhausted condition of the men after their all-night
+march in the storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off
+at a speed that defied successful competition. The command of the
+Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.
+
+The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had been living
+in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good breakfast had been
+prepared for them by “mine host,” but the latter suddenly found
+himself entertaining unbidden and wholly unexpected guests. The
+inordinate haste with which the rebel commander and his official
+family evacuated the town would not permit them to partake of that
+breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly thankful hearts—and
+stomachs—by a company of Union officers.
+
+The following is an extract from the official report of the affair,
+made to General McClellan by General Morris:
+
+“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely surprised,
+as the reports of those engaged in the attack attest. The failure
+to capture the entire rebel force can only be attributed to the
+storm during the night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call
+forth an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism of
+officers and men was as truly displayed in a march of fifteen miles
+in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and over a mountainous country
+as in the irresistible attack and hot pursuit of the discomfited
+enemy. The last five miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in
+one hour and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the road.
+Others threw away their haversacks and provisions to keep up, rushing
+forward with a determination that showed what spirit animated the
+command. I regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances the
+two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the time assigned for
+their meeting. An able reconnoissance in advance of Colonel Dumont’s
+column was made by Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly
+accepted, and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly indebted.
+The immediate direction of the artillery was confided to him. After
+the bridge was taken he pressed forward and joined Colonel Kelley,
+rode into the enemy’s ranks and captured the prisoner reported to
+have shot Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining the
+Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching the man, who was a
+noted secessionist and a quartermaster of the rebel forces.
+
+“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason of the fall
+of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will perceive there is much
+difficulty in making an accurate statement of the enemy’s losses. The
+killed are estimated at from fifteen to forty, which were carried
+off it is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to the
+pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp equipage, provisions,
+arms, wagons, horses and medical stores were captured, an inventory
+of which will be made as soon as possible.”
+
+When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle” and the creditable
+manner in which the “boys” had acquitted themselves, they were
+regarded as the heroes of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude.
+It was Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens
+felt a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their
+representatives in almost the first engagement of the war.
+
+That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary was not the fault
+of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had stayed no doubt there would
+have been a warm engagement. It takes two parties to get up a fight,
+and when one of them “runs away” in order that he may “live to fight
+another day,” there is no alternative but to postpone the battle
+until that day comes around. But it was a clear and unquestionable
+victory, if it wasn’t a very big one. It was memorable as being
+the first field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War. It
+was hailed through the North with loud acclaim. The newspapers
+teemed with praise of the gallant men who won it, and the mails
+were burdened with letters of congratulation and compliment from
+friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers from the North
+had that endurance and pluck of which soldiers are made; it did much
+to prick the bubble of idle boasting that one Southern man could
+whip five “Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was the
+Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some people believed,
+after Philippi, that the war was about over. Some of the victorious
+blue-coats thought so and they felt an exceeding great joy that
+they had been permitted to participate in the action that was the
+death-blow to the rebellion.
+
+The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere was only equaled
+by the apprehension and alarm in the South that were caused by
+even so trifling a defeat as this. Especially was this true of the
+Confederate forces in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an
+almost hopeless state of demoralization. One point after another was
+being seized and held by the Union troops; regiments from Ohio and
+Indiana were hurrying forward to reinforce them, and there seemed
+little hope of being able to dislodge them from that part of the
+state. After the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent
+to the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing the
+Confederate cause in that section to be in a desperate condition, and
+urging immediate and decisive steps to reorganize and reinforce the
+army, unless Western Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It
+will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts from the
+correspondence which took place at this time between rebel officials
+in Western Virginia and at Richmond. Under date of June 6th, 1861,
+Major M. G. Harman, commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert
+E. Lee:
+
+“From all the information that I have received I am pained to have
+to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield is entirely
+unequal to the position which he occupies. The affair at Philippi
+was a disgraceful surprise, occurring about daylight, there being
+no picket or guard of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that
+our men were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were only
+aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the Northwest
+and of our inexperienced soldiers depends upon an immediate change
+of commanders, and giving the command to a bold and experienced
+leader. * * * * * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain
+possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from you
+authority to call out and arm the companies from all the valley
+counties and send them to that quarter instead of their going, as
+heretofore directed, to their different rendezvous. Send up five
+thousand flint-lock muskets from Richmond and I will have them
+overhauled and put in order for use.”
+
+On the same day Major Harman sent a communication to Colonel
+Porterfield in which he said:
+
+“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied by cavalry
+and infantry, which will be joined by other troops on the way and
+the whole force will report to you at Beverly. On the day following
+from two to three thousand troops will be sent to you by President
+Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic dispatch from
+the Commander-in-Chief of our army, saying: “Send a messenger to
+tell Colonel Porterfield to be valiant and maintain his ground until
+relief reaches him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having
+received no official communication from you, but learning from
+private sources, since the disaster to our arms at Philippi, that you
+are almost without ammunition, I have determined to send you a supply
+by express.”
+
+When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did not stop running
+until they reached Huttonsville, nearly forty miles southward,
+and near Beverly, in Randolph county. From his headquarters there
+Porterfield wrote on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant
+General of the Virginia forces at Richmond:
+
+“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant, both
+officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the soldier. With
+efficient drill officers they might be made effective; but I have
+to complain that the field officers sent to command these men are
+of no assistance to me, and are, for the most part, as ignorant of
+their duties as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the
+men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good staff officers
+may be sent me to aid in organizing this raw force, than which there
+is none more so now in the service. * * * It is necessary that at
+least five thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the
+enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not soon sent
+it will be impossible to keep the open field, even as a mere corps
+of observation, but we will have to retire to the mountains, where
+it will be most difficult, if not impossible, to provision even this
+small force.”
+
+On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett and asked for
+a chance to redeem himself:
+
+“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported to have about
+five thousand men and are fortifying themselves. The same number are
+said to be at Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said to
+be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed at different
+points on the railroads. * * * A regiment from Tennessee is expected
+here tomorrow, having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of
+heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders should be sent
+to this country until some position is selected to be fortified and
+a strong and reliable infantry force is sent to support it. * * *
+The percussion caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for
+shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements are
+now expected, and we shall have active service in this part of the
+state, I desire to be continued on duty here. It was not until after
+repeated calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force
+entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty elsewhere.”
+
+But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have any more
+Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of commanders. On June
+13th General Lee wrote from Richmond to Porterfield, informing him
+that Garnett had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been sent
+to take command in Northwestern Virginia.
+
+A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the conduct of
+Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which led to the inglorious
+defeat and rout of the Confederate force. The court made an
+exhaustive investigation and submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy
+report thereupon. A few extracts from this document will be read with
+interest by those who had a hand in the game:
+
+“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at between daybreak
+and sunrise, this command was attacked and taken by surprise; no
+alarm or intimation of the enemy’s approach having been given by
+the guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within some four
+hundred yards of the place, and had commenced the fire from his
+artillery. It is shown that a main and picket guard, as strong as was
+consistent with the effective infantry force present, was regularly
+detailed and posted at distances sufficiently far out to accomplish
+the object in view, provided they knew and did their duty, which
+latter is strongly to be suspected, from the fact that, although in
+advance, they failed to give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a
+conclusion which is strengthened by the report of the mounted
+officers out with the scouting parties on the night of June 2nd,
+that they had neither seen an infantry picket nor been challenged
+by its sentinels, going from or returning to the town that night.
+It appears that immediately upon the arrival of the command at
+Philippi the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures
+to place his force, which was raw and new in service, under a course
+of instruction, and to select those in his opinion best fitted to
+instruct the sentinels and guards in their duties. The testimony
+shows that, while there was a certain degree of confusion in some
+quarters, a portion of the command moved from the town in good order,
+and that the whole force, nearly, after passing some distance, was
+reformed and proceeded in order.
+
+“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of attack or
+movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was generally entertained
+among the officers and others of the command, and that intelligence
+(how well founded is not known) was brought from time to time of the
+strength and supposed intent of the enemy.
+
+“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced its effect as
+to induce the officer in command to call a meeting of his officers;
+that the result of their consultations and deliberations was an
+almost if not entirely unanimous decision in favor of immediate
+retreat; that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room (from
+which he had been absent a short time), their opinion was conveyed
+to him, to which he seemed loath to accede; yet, determined to make
+a further examination of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the
+baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”
+
+Here follow several points in which, according to the judgment of
+this court, the commanding officer “erred.” General R. E. Lee, in
+reviewing the case, approved the finding of the court and said:
+
+“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon the coolness,
+self-possession, courage and energy displayed by Colonel Porterfield
+at the moment of attack; but he cannot exonerate him from blame
+in not taking proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in
+consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he does not think
+it necessary to do more than to express the opinion of the court, in
+the hope that the sad effects produced by the want of forethought and
+vigilance, exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered
+by the army throughout the war.”
+
+After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction. The available
+Union force was not deemed sufficient to make a further advance
+without too great risk of defeat, which would put in imminent
+jeopardy all the advantage that had been gained. For a month the
+troops lay quietly at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard
+the bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters of
+the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but the companies were
+scattered, some of them, with their guns, doing duty with the bridge
+guards. There were constant rumors of active service ahead and of
+impending attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to have
+any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without any of “war’s
+alarms” of a serious nature.
+
+During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise became a
+prominent factor in Confederate operations in Western Virginia.
+At the head of a considerable force he threatened an attack upon
+Philippi. As the Fourth of July drew near a report came to be
+currently believed that on that day he would attempt to retake the
+place. All arrangements possible for defense were made. Neither
+officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about fortifying, in the
+art of which they became so skilled at a later day, but some rude
+works had been thrown up which promised to be serviceable and “handy”
+in case of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery were
+kept in position where it was thought they might do the most good if
+there came a rebel visitation. A strong and vigilant picket guard was
+maintained to prevent anything in the nature of a surprise.
+
+Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing. Especially
+was this true of the members of the Cleveland Artillery. Much of
+the wretchedly poor, shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam
+had literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags. Some
+of them went around during those warm July days with only drawers
+to cover the nakedness of their nether limbs. They looked more like
+a congregation of beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged
+in the work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the
+“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms of the closest
+intimacy with them. Probably not one in twenty of these innocent
+young men had ever seen one of these things before. Most of them did
+not even know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the wide
+and variegated realm of animated nature. But it did not take them
+long to become extensively acquainted with him.
+
+Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious Fourth” drew near,
+and although the American Eagle seemed to be in a bad way just then,
+it was determined to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether
+or not Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding their
+dilapidated condition the members of the artillery entered into the
+matter with great gusto. The arrangements were made by a committee
+consisting of Colonels Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana,
+Lieutenant Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook, Ninth Ohio,
+Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and others. During the month
+previous the Union forces had been augmented by several additional
+regiments, as designated above.
+
+An elaborate program was made out, which included speeches, music,
+both vocal and instrumental, and, of course, the reading of that
+patriotic but somewhat musty and dusty old document, the Declaration
+of Independence. This always has been, and probably always will be,
+considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July celebration, under
+any and all circumstances, although nobody ever listens to it, or can
+remember, five minutes after a single word of what it contains. In
+casting about for a person who could read this ponderous paper with
+fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee decided upon Warren
+P. Edgarton, then a private of Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery,
+who had won some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly
+detailed for this duty.
+
+Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition of his
+wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of, and half the time was
+running around camp with only a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers.
+He had a fine physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and
+eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was three sizes
+too small, and when he crowded himself into it he looked and felt
+like a woman wearing a tightly laced corset; so that he didn’t put
+it on except on state occasions, when his usual _negligee_ uniform
+would be considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.
+He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too large for even his
+substantial and well-developed feet, in which he would go sloshing
+around camp. At night he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there
+wasn’t room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody out.
+He wore on his head a little cap which, never within an inch of his
+size, had so shrunk and shriveled under the demoralizing influence
+of sun and storm that it only lay upon the top of his head, looking
+not much bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling
+and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of raging patriots and
+read the Declaration of Independence.
+
+Something had to be done to get him into presentable shape for the
+occasion. The honor and credit of the Artillery were at stake.
+It would be an insult to the “Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a
+half-naked tatterdemalion to get up and pronounce the thundering
+sentences of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain Rice and
+others whose pride was stirred began to forage through the town for
+some clothes that would adorn Edgarton’s shapely form and redound
+to the credit of the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was
+found after a long search and the owner consented to loan it for
+the occasion. This was supplemented by broadcloth trousers, a hat
+belonging to one of the officers and a pair of fancy, high-heeled
+boots. The latter one of the boys had brought along from home, with
+a vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting down the
+rebellion. They were not large enough for Edgarton’s feet, but he
+contrived to squeeze into them at the last moment and to endure their
+pinching while he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”
+
+There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy of the
+Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia were not a literary
+folk, and few of them appeared ever to have heard of it. At length a
+copy was found, in a musty law book at the courthouse.
+
+Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he mounted the platform.
+This was followed by general laughter at his unique appearance.
+Such another “makeup” was never seen in the army, before nor since,
+in this or any other country. But he read the Declaration of
+Independence in fine style and was tremendously cheered. Lieutenant
+Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth Ohio, followed with an
+admirable address; the bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic
+songs were sung; and the celebration was a great success. The rebel
+General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered with the
+carrying out of the program.
+
+No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly and satisfactorily
+celebrated than the troops were directed to prepare at once for
+another campaign. On July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi,
+received orders to advance early the following day, occupy Belington,
+fifteen miles southward, and menace the enemy, who was in strong
+position at Laurel Hill, near that place. The movement was made
+promptly, according to the plan. The writer has before him a
+yellow, ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from Philippi.
+It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel Hill,” and announces
+the following order of the procession, the words in brackets being
+supplied for explanatory purposes:
+
+  First Virginia, four companies.
+  Milroy [Ninth Indiana].
+  Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].
+  Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].
+  Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].
+  Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]
+  First Virginia, two companies.
+  Dumont [Seventh Indiana].
+  Headquarters
+  Fulton
+  Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].
+  Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].
+  Ammunition wagons.
+  Band.
+  Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].
+
+It will be observed that both front and rear were well protected
+by artillery. The commanding general prudently sandwiched his
+headquarters in the center of the column. We must also admire the
+tender solicitude for the safety of the band, as shown by its
+position as far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns
+and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.
+
+The march was begun about midnight. The movement was rapid and at
+daylight the skirmishers struck the rebel pickets near Belington.
+A section of the artillery was immediately ordered to the front
+and a few shells were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most
+demoralizing effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported, quickly
+pushed the pickets back to the main line, which was strongly
+fortified. Some of the pickets showed fight at first and there was a
+brisk skirmish, in which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first
+casualty. George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket ball
+in the groin. He received every possible attention and as soon as
+circumstances would permit was sent to the rear. He finally reached
+his home in Cleveland but never fully recovered, dying from the
+effects of his wound, a few years later. He was the first man from
+Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.
+
+When the artillery was ordered to move there was the greatest
+activity in preparing for the impending campaign. The men were
+exceedingly anxious to acquit themselves with credit, and spared no
+pains to make the battery as effective as possible. The ammunition
+was carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were polished
+until they shone like mirrors. The men were “hard up” for clothing,
+the supply having been exceedingly limited—scanty in quantity and
+poor in quality. Every effort had been made to procure better
+supplies but without success. The state authorities and the United
+States government appeared to be about equally neglectful of the
+needs of the soldiers. Rations were generally good and sufficient,
+and there was little cause for complaint on that score.
+
+Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with excellent effect.
+The years of instruction and drill at home proved a most valuable
+school. The skill of the gunners in training their pieces and timing
+shells was such as to win for them the warmest commendations. The
+members of the infantry regiment formed a strong attachment for the
+artillerymen. They had an abiding faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s
+cannon, and when engaged in any movement seemed to be doubly
+confident if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.
+
+The order from General McClellan to General Morris was to avoid
+delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible, but to firmly press the
+enemy at all points and hold him in his works, until the co-operating
+column under General Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and
+rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain and after a hot
+fight completely routed them, capturing many prisoners and a large
+quantity of material of war. The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain
+and the prompt advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel
+position at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned it in great
+haste.
+
+During the few days that the troops under General Morris lay at
+Belington there was constant skirmishing with the enemy. Day and
+night all were kept on the alert, and the whistle of bullets began
+to be a familiar sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were
+advantageously posted and were brought into occasional use. The men
+were constantly at their posts. Now and then a shell or a solid shot
+would be sent over to the rebels, just to let them know that the
+“Yankees” were still there and wide awake. In an official report
+dated “Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General
+Morris says:
+
+“The instructions of the commanding general will be carried out,
+although it is difficult to restrain our men from advancing. I hardly
+know in what terms to convey to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness
+under such fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our
+arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond all
+question, if proof were needed, that they can be relied upon in any
+emergency. The regiments in advance are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana,
+Barnett’s Artillery, Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh
+Indiana, all of which deserve special mention.”
+
+On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington and Laurel
+Hill during the day and night previous, General Morris moved in
+pursuit. The following is an extract from a report made by him dated
+“Carrick’s Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:
+
+“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the forces of my
+command in pursuit of the enemy retreating from Laurel Hill. The
+pursuit was continued through the day in the same order as stated
+in my report of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio
+in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery, next Dumont’s
+Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana. These regiments started
+in pursuit from our resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock
+in the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the march by 5
+o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced about 6 o’clock, which by
+9 became quite heavy. The enemy left the main turnpike and turned
+towards Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain
+over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy rain the roads were
+rendered very difficult for the men and the few wagons of ammunition
+and provisions. By 11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and
+so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains becoming
+almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the whole command was up in the
+position we now occupy.
+
+“The attention of the commanding general is particularly called to
+the gallant bearing of the infantry and artillery which led the
+advance. I would also call attention to the fact that the entire
+command commenced the pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time
+to prepare even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered four
+wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to follow the command.
+These four wagons, with the little additional rations put in with the
+ammunition, are all the provisions the command has had since leaving
+Belington, except some beeves procured in this vicinity.
+
+“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty miles. When it
+is considered that we have put to flight a force equal to our own,
+and have pursued the rebels night and day for thirty hours, almost
+without provisions, over a mountainous and difficult road, and part
+of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel sure that our
+cause must be successfully maintained by men who show such gallant
+bearing and soldierly endurance.”
+
+Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford,
+which resulted in the utter defeat and rout of the rebels. Their
+commander, General Garnett, was among the killed. The story of this
+important engagement cannot be more concisely told than by giving
+almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham, who was in
+immediate command of the Union force. The report was made to General
+Morris:
+
+“In accordance with your directions, I this morning took command
+of the advance guard of your column, consisting of the Fourteenth
+Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with one section of Barnett’s Artillery,
+the Seventh Indiana, Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel
+Milroy, in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed, I
+started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to pursue the army
+of General Garnett, which, consisting, as we learned, of 4,000 to
+5,000 men and four to six cannon, had retreated from the north side
+of Laurel mountain near Belington the day before yesterday. It being
+ascertained that the enemy had retired toward the village of New
+Interest and thence, as was supposed, over a mountain road leading to
+the Shafer Fork, or main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George.
+The troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so as to
+reach the entrance of the mountain road—about seven miles march—at 6
+o’clock. A short distance after entering this path the passage was
+found to be obstructed by large trees, recently felled, in about
+twelve to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or
+four miles. Information was from time to time received that this
+force, which had some fifteen hours the start of us from Belington,
+was now only four to five miles in advance. This encouraged our
+efforts, and though for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in
+torrents and the clayey roads were in many places almost impassable,
+the spirit of the troops, without exception, as it came under my eye,
+was such as to bear them most rapidly onward under all these trials,
+super-added to that of hunger, with which the greater part of them
+had suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.
+
+At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the Shafer
+Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having within the previous two
+or three miles fired at and driven in several pickets of the enemy
+protecting those who were forming the barricades, and at one place
+we broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked. At the ford
+near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance to another ford, which
+we afterward met with one mile farther on, we saw the baggage train
+of the enemy, apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon
+as strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion, with
+Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless firing of a musket at our
+ford set the train rapidly in motion, and long lines of infantry were
+formed in order of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however,
+the arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,
+enabled the command to push forward in its original order, but the
+train and its guard had retired, leaving only a few skirmishers to
+meet us at the second ford, where, however, quite a rapid firing was
+kept up by the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for
+some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent woods of the enemy.
+
+“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and as we
+approached it we came upon the enemy’s train, the last half of it
+just crossing, in the river. The enemy was found to have taken a
+strong position, with his infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous
+bank fifty to eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the
+river, while our own position was upon the low land, nearly level
+with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance, opened fire most
+gallantly upon them, which was immediately returned by their strong
+force of infantry and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery
+was ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.
+
+As I soon perceived a position by which their left could be turned,
+six companies of Colonel Dumont’s regiment were ordered to cross
+the river about three hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill
+obliquely from our right to their left, and take them in rear. Owing
+to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of the order, this
+command crossed about double the distance intended and turned at
+first to their right, which delayed the effect of the movement. After
+some fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and, the
+hill being reported as impracticable, this command, now increased to
+the entire regiment, was ordered down to the ford, there to take the
+enemy directly in front at the road.
+
+“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s, now well up
+and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges from Barnett’s
+artillery during this movement, decided the action at once. As Dumont
+reached the road, having passed along and under their whole front,
+the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion. Dumont’s
+regiment pursued them for about one mile farther, having brisk
+skirmishing with their rear for the first half of that distance,
+during which General Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have
+been followed up most closely, and probably to the capture of a large
+portion of their scattered army, but this was absolutely impossible
+with our fatigued and exhausted troops, who had already marched
+eighteen miles or more, in an almost incessant, violent rain, the
+greater part of them without food since the evening and a portion of
+them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had been the pursuit
+of the enemy on their hasty retreat from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six
+miles distant. The troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest
+at about 2 p. m.
+
+“The result of the action proves to be the capture of about forty
+loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all the enemy’s baggage train,
+as we learn, and including a large portion of new clothing, camp
+equipage and other stores; their headquarter papers and military
+chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece of
+artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S. Garnett, is
+killed, his body being now cared for by us, and fifteen or twenty
+more of the enemy are killed and nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our
+own loss is two killed and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.
+
+“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state that just as
+the action was closing, the head regiment of the body of troops under
+yourself, though starting as I learn three hours later, the Sixth
+Indiana, under Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent
+order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the battle.
+
+“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett, Steadman,
+Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance of their officers and
+men in their long and arduous march, suffering from hunger, rain and
+cold, with their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all
+praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate and reward
+their services.”
+
+This was the most important victory that had yet been achieved
+by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that very small figures
+expressed the losses on either side, but loyal people everywhere
+were anxiously watching for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s
+Ford threw the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.
+The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to the skies—and
+it may fairly be said that they deserved it. The members of the Ohio
+artillery, with whom this chronicle has particularly to do, had added
+fresh laurels to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the
+people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in which the
+world looks upon the Six Hundred who made the historic charge at
+Balaklava. So conspicuous were their services and so gallant their
+bearing that they were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy
+at Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’ service they
+took this trophy back with them to Cleveland. It was placed in the
+Public Square, where it remaineth unto this day, with an inscription
+upon it that he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,
+was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A geographical student
+would be impressed with the fact that unless the people of Cleveland
+could fight better than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many
+cannon in that or any other war. The inscription, which was put on
+by somebody who was not within three hundred miles of the battle,
+informed the wayfarer that the gun was captured at “Corricke’s
+Forde.” The atrocious orthography greeted the public eye for nearly
+twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction of the
+old survivors of the artillery.
+
+The writer has before him the official reports of a number of
+Confederate officers who participated in the action at Carrick’s
+Ford. Naturally they magnify the Union force and losses, and in a
+measure that is ridiculous. They place the Union strength at from ten
+to fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of that number. The
+“Yankees” are estimated to have had on their hands after this action
+material for one hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional
+loss of from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered that
+General Benham, in his official report to General Morris, states that
+the Union loss was “two killed and six or seven wounded.”
+
+It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown at that time
+by officers and others on the Union side in communicating with the
+rebels. There was an evident desire to avoid the slightest word
+that would appear to be a recognition of any official authority,
+civil or military, among the insurgents. It was considered that if
+a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it was a virtual
+recognition of the power that conferred such rank upon him. So, on
+July 15, General McClellan addressed a communication “To the Officer
+Commanding the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett, Esq.,
+styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate States Army.”
+
+The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the Cleveland
+Artillery in the three months’ service. The command moved back
+to Belington and the artillery was ordered to report to General
+McClellan, who had planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after
+the rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel Barnett and
+his men for their valuable services in the campaign under General
+Morris, and expressed an earnest wish that they might accompany him
+up the Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even been
+mustered into the United States service, and the three months for
+which they were called out had expired. But, pursuant to orders,
+Colonel Barnett reported with his command to McClellan at Beverly,
+where the General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany
+his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness to
+do so. A few days later, before McClellan was ready for the Kanawha
+campaign, came the first real battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in
+Virginia, which resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell
+and brought to the people of the North an actual realization of the
+fact that they had a war on their hands. In the wild excitement that
+followed this battle General McClellan was summoned to Washington to
+take command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for further
+offensive operations in Western Virginia were for the time abandoned.
+
+A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of artillery were
+ordered to be discharged and started at once for Columbus. It should
+be stated here, to their credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had
+done all in their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing
+of the command during its service in the field. It has already been
+said that the men were but poorly supplied with clothing by the
+state and national governments, for which apparent neglect there was
+much good reason. The three months’ men were called out suddenly and
+pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency. Their
+services and sacrifices were of inestimable value to the country.
+They secured a permanent lodgment at many points beyond the border,
+and held the enemy at bay while the government was getting ready for
+the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of Sumter found the
+nation totally unprepared for such a crisis, and it is not a matter
+of wonder that the early volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism,
+responded so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided
+for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and twice Mr.
+David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen with quantities of
+clothing, food and delicacies for the sick. But for this most highly
+appreciated kindness the boys in the field would have had scarcely so
+much as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there wasn’t
+much “uniform” about the garments and they were a grotesque appearing
+lot of men for soldiers, but it gave them a comparative degree of
+comfort and they “got there just the same” as if they had been
+arrayed in all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the
+greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully and well
+and bore without complaint the discomforts and privations inseparable
+from a campaign in such a country and under such circumstances.
+
+In due time, with little delay _en route_, the artillery reached
+Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and ragged volunteers, fresh
+from fields of glory, were welcomed with great enthusiasm at the
+state capital. They had done well their part and their fame had gone
+before them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked upon as
+the saviors of their country and people of every grade and rank were
+proud to do them honor.
+
+It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry to get home,
+and the formalities necessary to their release were hurried as fast
+as possible. The officers and men were paraded for muster and were
+mustered in and out of the United States service at the same time.
+Then all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not, it is
+true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence. Less than fifty
+dollars apiece didn’t look very large for more than three months
+of such toil, hardship and danger, but for the time, with the gold
+chinking in his pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their
+financial condition was in marked contrast to the state of chronic
+insolvency in which they had been so long, for they had had no funds
+with which to patronize the sutler except such as was sent them at
+irregular intervals by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten
+dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt and loans
+were negotiated with a rapidity that soon exhausted his wealth. As a
+general thing when a man got any money it was quickly absorbed by the
+liquidation of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster at
+Columbus there was a universal squaring of accounts.
+
+The horses and other property belonging to the state were turned
+over to the authorities, and the “regiment” was soon ready to start
+for Cleveland. The men had been permitted to bring with them from
+Western Virginia (as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous
+services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s Ford, and
+four long-eared mules which the rebels had used as the propelling
+power of the cannon in their migratory wanderings. These trophies
+were guarded with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as
+they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects of the greatest
+curiosity and interest. War, right at home, was then a new thing to
+the people of the country and anything of this nature was regarded as
+a nine-days’ wonder.
+
+While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel Barnett from
+Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring at what time the artillery
+would arrive in Cleveland. The friends of the warriors as well as
+the citizens generally desired to know in order that they might give
+them a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered as soon as
+the time of departure could be definitely fixed. At length all things
+were ready, and after midnight of July 28th the happy artillerymen,
+with their trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How the
+boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out” of the depot and
+sped away toward “home, sweet home!” In fact they didn’t do much but
+yell all the way to Cleveland. Their coming had been heralded along
+the route and at every station crowds of people greeted them in the
+most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have charged dime museum
+price for looking at the gun and mules from rebeldom they would have
+made their fortunes.
+
+Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in Cleveland to
+welcome the returning volunteers with open arms. They were expected
+to arrive during the forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude
+of people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was something
+like the crowd that, more than three months before, had assembled to
+bid them farewell and God speed. Shortly before the arrival of the
+train the city militia and the fire department marched down Champlain
+street and formed in line near the railroad.
+
+At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew up to the
+point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now known as South
+Water—street a mighty volume of cheers went up from the assembled
+multitude—cheers for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers,
+and cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had captured from
+the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from the cars they were clasped
+in the arms of loved ones, who wept tears of joy at the safe return
+of sons and brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and effusive
+greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst constant cheering and
+the music of brass bands. It was a glorious reception, creditable
+alike to the people of Cleveland and to those who so well merited the
+demonstration.
+
+After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were over the returned
+soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous object in the column
+being the rebel 6-pounder, to which were attached the mules lately in
+the Confederate service. Two of the soldiers served in the capacity
+of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal of one of the teams.
+The novel outfit was prodigiously cheered along the entire line of
+march.
+
+Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department and an
+immense throng of people, the “veterans” marched up Superior street
+to the Public Square, General A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The
+whole street was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles
+of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips. The windows
+and balconies were filled with ladies, who waved their handkerchiefs
+in kindly welcome and clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers
+come back from the borders” went tramping by. Company D, Captain P.
+W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at Philippi which was loudly
+cheered—not because it was an emblem of treason but because it was
+captured by Cleveland volunteers.
+
+Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a hollow square,
+surrounded by thousands of people, and were addressed as follows by
+Judge Samuel Starkweather, who had been chosen to extend a formal
+welcome home:
+
+  To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant and noble
+  commander.
+
+I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid you a cordial
+welcome upon your return, and to tell you that Cleveland fully
+appreciates the value of your services and feels herself honored by
+your achievements. She feels that some portion of the glory which has
+fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery rests also upon
+herself.
+
+Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and have not dared to
+show their faces. The Cleveland and Geneva artillery were among the
+first to answer the call of the government to put down rebellion;
+and when it was sought to destroy the banner of our country, you,
+gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field to fight for
+its rescue, and you did not return from that field until you saw that
+beautiful banner floating from every Virginia hilltop.
+
+We have not been ignorant of the trials through which you have
+passed, and we have admired the firmness with which you overcame all
+obstacles that presented themselves to you and incumbered your path,
+whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger or fatigue.
+
+We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels heard of you, too,
+and with even more lasting impressions. We have heard of you also
+at Laurel Hill and Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have
+not heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of humanity
+on your part toward a conquered foe. This has shown that you are
+actuated by the same motives which have prompted our whole people. It
+is not the object of this contest to interfere with the institutions
+of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve the
+banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a stripe defaced. It is
+to enforce laws to which we all owe our safety, our protection and
+our happiness, and I know I speak your sentiments when I say that
+whoever takes a part in this contest from other motives is unworthy
+the name of a patriot.
+
+There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting the eyes of
+the whole civilized world, and I am proud to say that the members of
+this company have well played their part therein; and when the last
+scene is ended no name will more adorn the history of these events
+than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements will rank
+higher than those in which its members, our own gallant soldiers,
+bore so conspicuous a part.
+
+Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be pardoned for
+drawing a long bow, but candor compels the admission that when the
+boys came home the “beautiful banner” was not, strictly speaking,
+“floating from every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few
+hill-tops left over which the star spangled flag was not floating,
+nor did it float till some years later.
+
+At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which greeted the
+Judge’s address, showing how clearly the feelings of the people were
+in harmony with the sentiments he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the
+following brief reply:
+
+  Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as for myself, to
+  thank you, and through you the citizens of Cleveland, for this
+  greeting, which was wholly unexpected by us. I have no words to
+  express the gratitude of our hearts toward our fellow citizens.
+  We have the satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner
+  in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty; and so
+  we return to you with a consciousness that we are not entirely
+  unworthy the confidence which we know you have placed in us.
+
+There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel Barnett bowed and
+retired, and the band struck up “The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises
+over, the companies were variously taken care of and the crowd slowly
+dispersed. A committee of German citizens took charge of Company E,
+Captain Heckman, and Company B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to
+Haltnorth’s, where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and
+liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the Weddell House,
+where a sumptuous dinner was served them in fine style. It made up in
+some degree for the many times during the previous three months when
+they had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”
+
+Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain Pelton, were
+banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn Village, a committee of fifteen
+ladies doing the honors of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F,
+Captain Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were right
+royally welcomed.
+
+The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers of the time will
+be of interest in this connection:
+
+
+  [_Leader_, July 30, 1861.]
+
+  The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent condition
+  physically, although they are as brown as berries from exposure.
+
+  Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned from the campaign in
+  Western Virginia were three members of Alert Hose Company—William
+  Kidd, foreman; Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private E.
+  S. Ransom. Of course, the social and genial Alerts could not let
+  them return without a welcome, so last night a merry party of
+  Alerts and a few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of
+  the hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.
+  Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the hose-carriage was
+  illuminated and the company escorted the returned members to their
+  homes, the blaze of innumerable roman candles lighting their way up
+  Superior street.
+
+
+  [_Plain Dealer_, July 30, 1861.]
+
+  The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day. If you find
+  a knot of men collected on a corner, the bronzed countenance of
+  a member of the artillery is in the center and he is relating to
+  the gaping crowd his exploits and adventures among the rebels
+  in Western Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of
+  incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may be rehearsed
+  to wondering grandchildren. They have come home after nobly
+  discharging their duty and meet with the warm admiration and
+  approval which they have so richly merited. All honor to the brave
+  artillerymen.
+
+At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on the evening
+of July 30th, the following preamble and resolutions, offered by
+Councilman T. N. Bond, were adopted with great enthusiasm:
+
+  _Whereas_, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the Cleveland
+  Artillery, embracing four companies from the city, one from
+  Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under the command of Colonel James
+  Barnett, left their homes and business on the 22d day of April,
+  1861, on a day’s notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the
+  Government as might be required of them, and
+
+  _Whereas_, After gaining the confidence and approbation of the
+  people on our southeastern border, by their fine conduct both as
+  soldiers and citizens, they rendered most important services to
+  the country in the campaigns in Western Virginia, distinguishing
+  themselves for activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious
+  night marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and
+  Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than three
+  months’ absence, with trophies of their victories and the
+  well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens; therefore be it
+
+  _Resolved_, That in addition to the public and spontaneous welcome
+  already given them at their reception yesterday, the mayor and city
+  council of the city, and in behalf of the city, hereby officially
+  record their high appreciation of the honor the Cleveland Artillery
+  and its noble commander have reflected upon the city whose name
+  they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and energy and
+  their skill and bravery in the field have won for them unfading
+  honor; and that especially to Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and
+  judgment, his manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes,
+  our thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.
+
+  _Resolved_, That copies of the foregoing preamble and resolutions
+  be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented to Colonel Barnett and
+  to the several companies under his command.
+
+These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett by Mayor
+Flint—long an active and zealous member of the Cleveland
+Artillery—with the following letter:
+
+  Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,
+  August 4, 1861.
+
+  Colonel James Barnett.
+
+  Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the executive officer
+  of the city of Cleveland, in presenting to you, and through you to
+  the different companies under your command, the resolutions of the
+  City Council of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable
+  services rendered the country in your recent campaign in Virginia.
+
+  As a member of the earliest organization of artillery in this city,
+  and from which simple detailed “squad” of the Cleveland Grays has
+  grown your complete and valuable command, I take increased pleasure
+  in presenting to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my
+  own feelings regarding your action for the past three months.
+
+  Respectfully yours,
+  E. S. FLINT, Mayor.
+
+The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland _Leader_ of July
+30th, 1862:
+
+  “When the proclamation of the President called for seventy-five
+  thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work of furnishing her quota.
+  The Cleveland Artillery was the only organized body of the kind in
+  the state, the artillery in other places being only single sections
+  or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the four sections
+  which were organized in this city. He immediately took steps to
+  go into service with his command, and as soon as the necessary
+  arrangements could be made he reported himself ready for orders.
+  He was sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from
+  threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into Virginia
+  upon short notice. Since that time, without ever having been
+  mustered into either State or United States service, he has led his
+  brave boys through the campaign in Western Virginia, where they
+  have performed prodigies of marching and have fought a good fight
+  when the enemy has given them the chance. Colonel Barnett left his
+  business here to go to war and has labored unceasingly for the good
+  of his men and the discomfiture of the rebels. His services were
+  fully appreciated by General McClellan, who tendered him a very
+  complimentary invitation to accompany him to the Kanawha Valley.
+  Colonel Barnett intends, we understand, to raise a full artillery
+  regiment and go in for the war. We wish him all success and trust
+  his services will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”
+
+Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were scoffed at for
+playing soldier in time of peace, by their timely military training,
+were ready to, and did almost at a day’s notice respond to the call
+of their country and served it well. The artillery piece captured
+at Carrick’s Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over to the
+state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to Cleveland. Said
+Quartermaster General Wood, who then had charge of the arms of the
+state, to Colonel Barnett: “I think no objection will be raised if
+you take the gun to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you
+can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen on the Public
+Square, in its way a monument to the valor and heroism of the old
+artillerymen of Cleveland.
+
+With this elaborate and protracted welcome home, which would appear
+to have been most satisfactory to all concerned, in both its
+fullness and its cordiality, closes the honorable record of the
+Cleveland Artillery in the “three months’ service.” Henceforward
+we follow the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,
+through its four years of brilliant service in the field.
+
+
+INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.
+
+But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First Cleveland
+Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its strength. It continued
+to take root, expand and blossom. Privates Joseph C. Shields and
+Frank Wilson, of Captain Rice’s battery, after their three months’
+service in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as
+they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic impulse,
+soon organized an independent artillery battery, which was mustered
+into service Sept. 10, 1862. It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and
+was called the Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light
+Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at the end of two
+years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who had been first lieutenant of
+the company, became its captain. The battery was in the siege of
+Knoxville, in the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,
+Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great struggle.
+The men were mustered out June 27, 1865, at the close of the war.
+
+In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon B. Smith, who
+afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga County, and now each year meets
+with the “old association,” gladdening the occasion with spirit and
+song.
+
+There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant James
+W. Grimshaw—who may properly be mentioned in this connection.
+When Fort Sumter fell there was great excitement in Cleveland, as
+there was all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and
+public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies on the
+Public Square in Cleveland, a man was imprudent enough to call out
+“Hurrah for the South!” Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately
+shouted, “I say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words passed
+between the two men and a rough and tumble followed in which the
+rebel sympathizers got much the worst of the fight. Thus the civil
+war began in Cleveland! Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,
+was elected to the city council and died some years since, greatly
+respected. Another of those who received a military schooling in
+the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, under Colonel
+Barnett, was Corporal Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields
+and Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited him
+to further military service. He organized and became captain of
+the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery, which went
+into service Oct. 29, 1862, for a term of three years. The battery
+was in the siege at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton
+and Chickamauga in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,
+Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.
+
+
+BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.
+
+Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to place in the field
+a full regiment of artillery. The chief centers of population in
+the state readily responded to the call and twelve companies were
+soon organized, numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding
+seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a fair-sized
+army in itself, was sought by several men of military distinction.
+Quartermaster General Wood of the governor’s staff, who for so many
+years had been associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland
+Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position. Sept.
+3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his commission. But not only was
+Colonel Barnett of Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new
+regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,
+but three of his associates in this early school of artillery
+training were given commissions of command next to him.
+
+Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel, while Walter E.
+Lawrence and Seymour Race became majors. To have four of the chief
+officers of this regiment all from Cleveland and all of the old
+Cleveland artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who had
+cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to the front were
+destined to be disappointed. An order came from Washington directing
+the several batteries to report, some at one point and some at
+another, where their services were deemed most needed. Thus the
+companies were separated and the chief field officers were shorn of
+active command.
+
+Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position. He was
+made chief of artillery on the staff of General W. S. Rosecrans,
+one of the best fighting generals in the Union army; was with him
+in battle and all the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward
+was made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third division
+of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel Sickles, where he
+did valiant service until worn out by hard work, April 1, 1863,
+under advice of army physicians he was compelled to resign. Later,
+however, recovering something of his health, he was made colonel of
+the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Major
+Lawrence became a colonel, served with distinction and died in the
+service. Major W. F. Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who
+meets with the “old artillery association” each year, was one of the
+best of the many good fighting men who belonged to General Barnett’s
+regiment. He was mustered into the service as a private, became a
+lieutenant, then a captain and came out at the end of the war a major.
+
+Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served two years in the war.
+
+Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received his military
+training in the old artillery school. He was commissioned second
+lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards
+promoted to first lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His
+company distinguished itself in several important battles and took
+part in others of lesser note.
+
+
+“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.
+
+Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead, few will be
+better remembered than “Commissary” Harry Bingham, a man of small
+stature, full of life and fun. It may be said that for some years
+he contributed largely to the life of his military comrades. At the
+beginning of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon joined the
+military service. He became a lieutenant and served with credit.
+Finally, however, the hardships of war were greater than he could
+bear. For a time he lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to
+Cleveland, where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert him
+even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a smile, to a lady who
+called upon him during his last sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He
+lies buried in Woodland cemetery. Who of his old military comrades
+will not drop a tear to his memory?
+
+Many others of the old guard, some living and some dead, deserve well
+to be mentioned in this connection.
+
+The history of the association itself may be told in a few lines.
+At the close of the civil war, when regiments and various commands
+in the war were forming associations and holding reunions, the wife
+of Captain Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun
+squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years of age,
+one day suggested to her husband the propriety of Cleveland’s old
+artillerymen having a reunion. The thought was conveyed to General
+Barnett, Colonel Hayward and others, who were pleased with the idea
+and on the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad then
+living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at the Kennard House,
+formed an association of which General Wood was made president and
+then and there had their first banquet. General Wood was continued
+president of the association ten years, until his death May 2, 1881,
+when General Barnett succeeded him. The general has been president
+ever since, some twenty-three years. At the first meeting of the
+association held after General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a
+high tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said: “Since
+our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander of the old Grey gun
+squad, captain of the First artillery company in Cleveland and
+president of our association since its first organization, has passed
+away. It was he who first introduced into the then West, forty-two
+years ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system. We can
+say of our old comrade that he was an honest man. He had a bluff,
+outspoken way, but a warm, generous heart. His pride was with his
+old artillery associates. His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid
+him away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his memory and
+our recollections are of a competent soldier, a patriotic man and
+good citizen.” General Wood was born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug.
+14, 1847, and died May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his
+brother-in-law, the Hon. O. J. Hodge.
+
+Thirty-four years have now passed since the first meeting of the
+association and each year since it has had its social gathering, and
+each Decoration day the members have strewn with flowers the graves
+of their departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be held
+many years longer. The whitened locks of these men point to a day in
+the near future when the members of the association will hold their
+last banquet, when there will be no member left to decorate the
+graves of the departed, but around their memory long will cluster
+recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship, and those now
+upon life’s stage, and those yet to come, with pride will study their
+history and place upon their graves flowers, emblematic of love and
+veneration.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV.
+
+
+The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery
+(3 months) at their home as before related practically closed the
+military career of that command; however, a large number of the
+men enlisted in other commands, notably into the First Ohio Light
+Artillery (3 years) the term being for three years or during the
+war. It was soon found that through the emergency of affairs at the
+opening of trouble and the improper muster in and muster out as state
+troops that the men had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army
+of the United States. This error was called to the attention of Hon.
+Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress, who made many earnest
+attempts to rectify the mistake through the Honorable Secretary
+of War; those efforts were however unsuccessful, it being decided
+as the muster roll showed that they were state troops, so the
+matter ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was elected
+to Congress. Upon representation of the case to Mr. Burton he was
+at once impressed with the fact that fairness and justice to the
+command required action of Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill
+substantially the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and
+given herewith as well as the report of the Military Committee of
+which General Dick was chairman.
+
+The command was very fortunate in having in Congress two such good
+friends as Mr. Burton and Gen. Dick, men who have looked so closely
+and faithfully that justice might be obtained. The members of the
+First Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a debt of
+gratitude which they can never pay but which is not forgotten.
+
+
+
+
+FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.
+
+May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole House and
+ordered to be printed.
+
+Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted the
+following
+
+
+REPORT.
+
+[To accompany H. R. 619.]
+
+  The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported the bill
+  (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition of the military services
+  of the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio
+  Volunteer Light Artillery, report the same back to the House with
+  the recommendation that it do pass with the following amendment:
+
+  Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2, of the
+  bill, the following: “_Provided_, That no pay, bounty, or other
+  emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of
+  this act.”
+
+  A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported
+  favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs of the Fifty-fourth,
+  Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses, which bill, with the
+  accompanying reports, are hereby adopted and made a part of this
+  report.
+
+  It appears that this regiment was the first body of artillery to
+  engage in the service of the United States in the late civil war.
+  They were hastened to the front on the 21st of April, 1861, and
+  rendered valuable service in the campaign in West Virginia. By an
+  omission, due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,
+  they were never formally mustered into the service by any military
+  officer of the United States. On or about the 30th of May, 1861,
+  while the command was being embarked at Marietta, Ohio, a United
+  States officer reported to muster them into the service, but the
+  commanding officer, General Barnett, stated to him that as his
+  orders were imperative to move with the least possible delay, he
+  could not wait the formality of a muster. They served until the
+  27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be no sufficient
+  reason why their services should not be recognized and the officers
+  and men considered to have been in the military service of the
+  United States.
+
+Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett, with
+exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington for more
+complete history of their service and the reasons why they were not
+formally mustered.
+
+  STATE OF OHIO, _Cuyahoga County, ss_:
+
+  James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as follows: That
+  for some time before the 20th of April, 1861, and at that date I
+  was the commanding officer of what was known as the First Ohio
+  Light Artillery, organized under the laws of the State as then
+  existing as a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th
+  of April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty, and
+  immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of April, 1861, left
+  Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the command was on duty until
+  May 29 of the same year, upon which date a portion of the command
+  moved into Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining
+  portion of the command went by boat to Benwood and thence to
+  Grafton, Va., from which time until the date of their muster out
+  they actively participated in the campaign in Western Virginia.
+
+  On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command was being
+  embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to muster the command
+  into the service of the United States. This officer, if I am
+  correct in my recollection, was Colonel Sill. I am not very
+  positive as to the name of the officer, but it was either Colonel
+  Sill or Captain Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the
+  purpose of mustering my command. We were at the time busily
+  embarking. A portion of the command had already been sent down the
+  river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the officer that it would be
+  impossible to get the men together for muster, and that our orders
+  were imperative to move with the least possible delay, so it was
+  concluded to defer the muster until some proper time after we had
+  got into Virginia. The command went through the campaign without
+  muster, and soon after the expiration of their term of service
+  were ordered back to Ohio for muster out by orders from the War
+  Department. Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered in
+  and mustered out upon the same day, dating back their muster into
+  the date of taking the field. This muster was made by George S.
+  Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio, mustering officer. The
+  muster rolls were changed from the printed forms, erasing the
+  words “United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”
+
+  I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this affidavit, a
+  sketch regarding the movements of the command, which consisted of
+  about 120 men, and is a correct statement of its movements. This
+  sketch embraces pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio
+  troops, known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the State.
+
+  It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the
+  Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison, of
+  Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon page 713 of said
+  record, that the command was recognized by the War Department and
+  under its orders during its service in Virginia.
+
+  The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding the
+  troops in western Virginia, set forth on page 712 of said record,
+  and others, were received by me and executed by me as the
+  commanding officer therein referred to.
+
+  I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which contain the
+  muster roll of the batteries constituting said command.
+
+  JAMES BARNETT.
+
+  Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and by him sworn to
+  before me this 9th day of February, A. D. 1895.
+
+  [SEAL.]      M. P. MOONEY,
+
+  _Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O._
+
+
+EXHIBIT A.
+
+FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.
+
+[Three months’ service.]
+
+Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following telegram was
+wired to Colonel Barnett:
+
+  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 20, 1861_.
+
+  COL. JAMES BARNETT, _Cleveland, Ohio_:
+
+  Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+  Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday if possible. You can
+  hire horses for the guns here or at your point of service. Bring
+  harness and everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+  colonel rank.
+
+  By order:      H. B. CARRINGTON, _Adjutant-General_.
+
+The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four of the batteries
+were from the city of Cleveland, the other two being from Brooklyn
+and Geneva) as though borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday
+morning Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains of the
+companies:
+
+  You will report your command of twenty men, ready to march to
+  Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at the public square. You
+  will have your piece, caissons and harness complete, at the depot
+  between Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten
+  men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the
+  command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to your superior
+  officers.
+
+  By order adjutant-general of Ohio:
+  JAMES BARNETT, _Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery_.
+
+  S. B. STURGES, _Lieutenant-Colonel_.
+
+Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn and Geneva
+companies.
+
+Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel Barnett, as
+follows:
+
+  COLUMBUS, OHIO, _April 21, 1861_.
+
+  COL. JAMES BARNETT:
+
+  Can you bring your command here to-night instead of waiting till
+  tomorrow? If so, come armed.
+
+  WILLIAM DENNISON, _Governor_.
+
+It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment on Sunday in
+time to get away on that day. The governor was informed by telegraph
+that it would leave early Monday morning. The two outside companies
+responded promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left Cleveland
+for Columbus, at which place it was ordered to Marietta via Loveland.
+Marietta was reached next morning, when it went into camp on the fair
+ground placing the guns in position to guard the city against any
+invasion of the enemy.
+
+About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain O. M. Poe, of
+the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the regiment, with a view to its
+being ready for service at a moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased
+with the command and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing
+of its members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage were
+received, all of which were heartily welcomed. Colonel Barnett also
+received a telegram from Columbus to purchase seventy-six horses for
+his battery upon the best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having
+been placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the credit
+of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were to be paid for.
+
+On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following telegram
+from General McClellan at Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of your
+batteries and report to me when ready for service.” Within two days
+the required number of horses were purchased and all hands were busy
+breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness and arranging to
+move on a moment’s notice. The artillery was re-enforced by the
+arrival of the 14th O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O.
+V. I. on the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.
+
+On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch to Colonel
+Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel Steadman, you will supply
+him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”
+
+On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command of Lieut.-Colonel
+Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta, by boat, for Parkersburg, W.
+Va., with orders to report to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They
+moved rapidly along the line of the B. & O. Railroad, repairing
+bridges destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had arrived
+at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg. The rebels retreated
+from Clarksburg to Philippi. From Clarksburg they moved to Webster,
+and after a tedious night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a.
+m., making short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery
+frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of their
+officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and war materials
+behind them. (This was the first Light artillery fired by the
+national forces in the war of the rebellion. In this engagement only
+a few men were wounded.)
+
+On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam with Colonel
+Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting to General Morris, who
+ordered Colonel Barnett to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched
+to Philippi, arriving too late to take part in that engagement.
+During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light Artillery was
+at Philippi. The companies, however, were scattered; some with their
+guns did duty as bridge guards.
+
+July 6th orders were received by General Morris to advance early
+the following day, occupy Belington, and menace the enemy, who were
+holding a strong position at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers
+struck the rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered
+to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing
+effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery suffered its first
+casualty—George W. Tillotson, of Company D, was wounded in the groin
+by a musket ball, from the effect of which he died a few years later.
+
+July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and Laurel Hill,
+being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s Ford, where the 1st
+Artillery opened fire on the enemy (who were holding a position on a
+high bank on the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect.
+The enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert S.
+Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled piece was captured
+and presented to the artillery, and this trophy is now in the public
+square in the city of Cleveland.
+
+Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved back to
+Belington, and remained there until ordered to Columbus to be
+mustered out. Up to this time, like the nine regiments of infantry,
+it was serving as a State organization, and while all other Ohio
+three-months troops were mustered out by United States officers
+and recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for some
+reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s staff and is
+recognized by the War Department as only a _State organization_. The
+following letter, however, will show that it was the intention of the
+General Government to place this regiment of artillery on the same
+footing as other Ohio organizations that did service at the same time
+in West Virginia.
+
+  WAR DEPARTMENT, ADJUTANT-GENERAL’S OFFICE,
+  _Washington, July 27, 1861_.
+
+  SIR: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and Colonel Barnett’s
+  artillery of six guns and one hundred and twenty men, which have
+  been serving in West Virginia, will be sent back to Ohio, to be
+  there mustered out of the service. They, or such of them as may
+  be presented by you, will there be accepted and mustered into the
+  United States service for three years as regiments, companies of
+  cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The two sections of artillery
+  from Ohio (other than Barnett’s Battery) and the two companies of
+  cavalry from the State, all of which have been serving in Virginia,
+  will also be sent home at the expiration of their three months’
+  service, to be there mustered out. They, or such of them as may
+  be presented by you, will then be accepted as specified for three
+  years, and will be mustered into the service of the United States
+  for that period. The same will be done in regard to the battery of
+  artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp Chase.
+
+  In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to be mustered
+  out of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented by
+  you, will there be accepted for three years and sworn into the
+  service for that period as regiments, companies of cavalry, and
+  batteries of artillery.
+
+  I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
+  L. THOMAS, _Adjutant-General_.
+
+  His Excellency Governor DENNISON, _Columbus, Ohio_.
+
+
+This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, July
+27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor of Ohio,
+mustering officer.
+
+
+  _Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired), late
+  colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry. Brigadier-general
+  United States Volunteers, adjutant-general of Ohio before and at
+  commencement of the war of 1861-1865._
+
+  In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,
+  “The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”
+
+The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization at the
+outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the delay in properly
+adjusting the record of this pioneer artillery corps of the United
+States volunteer service.
+
+Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had been for
+several years engaged in perfecting a militia system by regiments,
+brigades, and divisions. State encampments had been held, and several
+of its general and field officers made immediate records after war
+began. A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and Jones to
+the service.
+
+The artillery was represented by skeleton companies with one or two
+guns each. Three companies, each making technically a “gun section,”
+were organized at Cleveland, Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters
+at Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned as
+colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general to organize
+other companies in the State at large. These three companies or
+sections, really composing but one battery proper, was the basis of
+Colonel Barnett’s command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.
+
+This battery had previously been inspected by Gen. Winfield Scott
+at Niagara Falls while on an experimental march, and was well
+disciplined and equipped. As early as January, 1861, the previous
+governor, Salmon P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio
+militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty hours from receipt
+of President Lincoln’s first call twenty disciplined companies (two
+regiments) were dispatched to Washington. The incomplete record of
+the First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery had not
+been called for in the first instance, and the fact that troops were
+needed upon the State border before any had been mustered into the
+United States service.
+
+By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the service of
+the United States, retained their officers. The governor of Ohio did
+not deem it wise thus to designate the general officer to command
+the troops called for by the President. A special legislative act
+promptly provided that the major-general might be taken from citizens
+at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed and commissioned.
+The President also appointed him major-general. But while thousands
+of the militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been
+mustered into the United States service when their services were
+instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand came from Marietta,
+Ohio, for artillery, as hostile demonstrations had commenced,
+tending to the control of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the
+Adjutant-General’s Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect
+was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report with his
+battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday, Ambos foundry was
+fired up and round shot were cast for use of the battery. A car was
+sent to Xenia for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were
+made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition for artillery
+in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett, having been assured
+that he would retain his rank as colonel, reported with his battery
+in good condition. The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at
+the same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once returned
+to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was to administer the State
+obligation and make up the roll as the company was organized. The
+battery therefore moved to the border to await orders, but in a
+position for defensive duty.
+
+Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded arms, so
+that nine regiments were immediately organized and armed as State
+militia, while no volunteers had as yet been mustered into the United
+States service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of West
+Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general from that State, and
+the regiments of Colonels Dumont and Milroy had moved to support the
+regiment of Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had
+no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority to push
+militia across the State boundary, authorized the adjutant-general
+to visit General McClellan and submit a plan, which General Wool had
+approved, and also to act for the State, as the conference might
+agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments in the various
+camps were put in motion, with no regard for a United States muster.
+
+Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor, and during
+his absence General McClellan called for the battery. The following
+telegram was sent: “Barnett, borrow money and buy horses instanter.”
+Also, to each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of
+Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him in command of all
+State troops.”
+
+Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then accessible, and,
+in fact, no troops were fully ready for muster; but the battery,
+supported by the Fourteenth Ohio, occupied the heights back of
+Parkersburg, moved to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and
+with its associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of
+Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United States service,
+under United States officers, in brigade with regularly mustered
+United States troops. It had the same claim to full recognition and a
+muster, nunc pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.
+
+The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and Wool, at once
+recognized the service, and the adjutant-general, without his
+solicitation or knowledge in advance, was appointed colonel of the
+Eighteenth United States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law.
+The emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State boundary,
+and the battery did as good service as if it had been that of Captain
+Bragg, whose precedent it sought to emulate.
+
+  Respectfully submitted.
+  HENRY B. CARRINGTON,
+
+  _Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry and
+  Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly Adjutant-General of Ohio._
+
+The movements of this regiment show a service which was distinctly
+national in character. On May 29, 1861, a part of the command moved
+into Virginia.
+
+On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the command
+went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton, Va., from which time
+until the date of their muster out they actively participated in the
+campaign in western Virginia.
+
+The command of the troops, after they left Marietta, Ohio, and
+embarked for Virginia, passed completely from the officers of
+the State of Ohio to the Federal officers. In May, 1861, General
+McClellan sent an officer of the United States Army Engineers to
+inspect the regiment “with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And the evidence
+shows that the Federal officer found the regiment in excellent
+condition as respects drill, discipline, and soldierly bearing.
+Clothing and camp equipage were also furnished to the regiment by the
+United States.
+
+On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the regiment, received
+from General McClellan the following telegram from Cincinnati:
+“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to me when ready
+for service.” On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:
+“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply him with a
+detachment of two guns, with proper officers and men.”
+
+On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment left Marietta,
+Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders to report to Colonel
+Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which were serving
+under Federal authority. They performed important service under such
+orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On May 30, 1861,
+four companies of the regiment, with Colonel Barnett, proceeded
+by boat to Benwood, and received orders to proceed to Grafton.
+They proceeded thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the
+engagement. July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to Belington,
+where it was engaged with the enemy. On July 12 the First Ohio
+Artillery opened fire upon the enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent
+effect.
+
+The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery regiment was
+taken into Virginia under authority of and for service with the
+United States Government. Such was the understanding of the soldiers
+and of the Federal officers under whom they served, and the character
+of their service was distinctly national.
+
+The regiment was not called into the service of the State of Ohio
+alone, but of other States. Every State is an integral part of the
+Union which the Federal Government is, under the Constitution, bound
+to protect against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment was
+employed in general service with and as a part of the Federal forces,
+under orders from the Federal Government, and in the execution of
+a duty which was distinctly national in character. The regiment
+not only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks of the
+enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It rendered United
+States service under United States officers in brigade with regularly
+mustered United States troops.”
+
+And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired, the regiment,
+which had been “serving in Virginia,” was, by order of the War
+Department dated July 27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there
+mustered out of the service of the United States. And the same order
+directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should be tendered
+should be mustered into the service of the United States for three
+years’ service. Owing, no doubt to an oversight, or to ignorance of
+the fact that the regiment had been actually in the service of the
+United States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization of
+the State of Ohio.
+
+The records of the War Department fail to show facts upon which
+justice can be done to this regiment, and Congress is asked to afford
+such relief by a special act. Upon the evidence in the case it is
+submitted that the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery
+is entitled to proper recognition as having been in the service
+of the United States, and its officers and soldiers should receive
+certificates of honorable discharge as such.
+
+Following is the muster roll:
+
+
+_First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery._
+
+FIELD AND STAFF.
+
+[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,
+aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July
+27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to
+Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  James Barnett      |Colonel.       | 39|April 21, |   3    |Apr. 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |        |1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |regiment
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Stephen B. Sturges |Lieutenant-    |   |          |        |
+                     | colonel.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Clark S. Gates     |Major.         | 48|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Amos Townsend      |Quartermaster. | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Elisha Sterling    |Surgeon.       | 39|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  William E. Standart|Adjutant.      | 34|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  Randall Crawford   |Quartermaster- |   |          |        |
+                     | sergeant.     | 32|   do.    |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY A.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  William R. Simmonds|Captain.       | 46|April 21, |   3    | April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |        |  1861:
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.
+  John A. Bennett    |First sergeant | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Samuel M. Cowdery  |Sergeant       | 33|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thomas J. Thompson |Corporal       | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  M. Eugene Cornell  |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  James Willis       |Trumpeter      | 23|     do.  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |  1861.
+  Anson, Edward P.   |Private        | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bailey, Amasa      |    do         | 42|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Benjamin, John A.  |    do         | 30|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Blair, John H.     |    do         | 31|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Brewster, George   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Camp, William M.   |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Clark, George W.   |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Cramer, Isaac C.   |    do         | 31|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunn, Joseph       |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunn, Richard      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Kelley, John J.    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Milton, John R.    |    do         | 20|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Moats, Henry       |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  New, Henry         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Rebbeck, Henry H.  |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Reynolds, Daniel   |    do         | 35|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Sypher, J. Hale    |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Throup, David H.   |    do         | 19|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Throup, Roger D.   |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Worley, John G.    |    do         | 19|June 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY B.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  John G. Mack       |Captain        | 46|April 21, |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Jacob Ruder        |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Frederick C.       |               |   |          |        |
+    Gruninger        |First sergeant | 35|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Mathew Adams       |Corporal       | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Charles B. Rodder  |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Beachal, Frederick |Private        | 27|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Chapin, George     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dawmann, Joseph    |    do         |   |June 1,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Ebert, William     |    do         | 22|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Erhart, Alexander  |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fabrian, Louis     |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fenfil, Christian  |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fisher, Louis      |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fredericks, Abraham|    do         | 39|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Galleger, John     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        | also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |    |“Gellecker.”
+  Gruninger, Charles |    do         |   |June 3,   |        |Mustered
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Kustner, George    |    do         |   |      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Lucas, Michael     |    do         | 32|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Mangelmann, Adolph |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Nerritta, Leonhard |    do         | 35|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |    |“Nerritter.”
+  Nickel, Lorenze    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |also
+                     |               |   |          |        |borne on
+                     |               |   |          |        |rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“Nigel.”
+  Reidenbach, Peter  |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Schener, Daniel    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schoemer, Michael  |    do         | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Weidenkopf,        |               |   |          |        |
+    Nicholas         |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wouley, Andrew     |    do         | 22|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY C.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Frederick W. Pelton|Captain        | 34|April 21, |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Samuel Sears       |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Francis S. Pelton  |First sergeant | 28|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Peter C. Schneider |Corporal       | 25|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  John C. Brainard   |    do         | 34|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Allen, Edward S.   |Private        | 33|     do.  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Boyen, John H.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Brainard, Edward S.|    do         |   |May 13,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Chaffee, Comfort   |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Davis, George R.   |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Dean, Charles M.   |    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dunbar, Homer      |    do         |   |June 17,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Abel         |    do         | 29|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Henry        |    do         | 24|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, Levi         |    do         | 37|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fish, William      |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Grotzinger, William|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hand, James L.     |    do         | 29|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hone, Alexander    |    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Llewhellen, William|    do         | 22|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Lyon, George       |    do         | 23|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Marcellus,         |               |   |          |        |
+    Charles E.       |    do         | 21|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Roberts, Henry     |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schmehl, George    |    do         |   |     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  Storrer, Frank S.  |    do         | 20|April 21, |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Worth, Frederick W.|    do         | 26|     do.  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY D.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Percy W. Rice      |Captain        | 29|Apr 21,   |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |    3   |1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  James H. Miller    |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Edwin F. Reeve     |First sergeant | 31|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  William H. Hilliard|Corporal       | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Norman A. Baldwin  |   do          | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Champlin,          |               |   |          |        |
+    William A.       |Private        | 38|     do   |    3   |Absent in
+                     |               |   |          |        |hospital
+                     |               |   |          |        |at
+                     |               |   |          |        |Marietta,
+                     |               |   |          |        |Ohio,
+                     |               |   |          |        |May 21,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Crawford, George W.|    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Davis, Daniel S.   |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Edgarton, Warren P.|    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Gardner, Orlando D.|    do         | 21|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Harbeck, John S.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Kidd, William      |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Killam, Simon W.   |    do         | 27|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Marshall,          |               |   |          |        |
+    Alexander, Jr.   |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Murray, George E.  |    do         | 24|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Orland, Henry      |    do         | 30|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Rice, Charles H.   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Shields, Joseph C. |    do         | 33|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Smith, Robertson   |    do         | 23|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Sterling, James A. |    do         | 22|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Thatcher,          |               |   |          |        |
+    Lorenzo W.       |    do         | 26|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  Tillotson,         |               |   |          |        |
+    George W.        |    do         | 44|     do   |    3   |Wounded
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 7,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+                     |               |   |          |        |in battle
+                     |               |   |          |        |of Laurel
+                     |               |   |          |        |Hill, Va.;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        |1861.
+  Vincent, Henry G.  |    do         | 29|     do   |    3   |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Wilson, Frank      |    do         | 25|     do   |    3   |      Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY E.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Louis Heckmau      |Captain        | 39|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861:
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  J. Jacob Houck     |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Henry Roth         |First sergeant | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Valentine Heckman  |Corporal       | 29|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Louis Smithnight   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bommhardt, Jacob   |Private        | 24|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Breuhler, George   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Eshenbrenner,      |               |   |          |        |
+    George           |    do         | 39|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Hartman, Hermann   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Herig, Charles     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Kuglen, George     |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Payson, George W.  |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Riegler, Albert    |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schmidt, Gerhard   |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Schwendner, Conrad |    do         | 30|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Sehrt, Wilhelm     |    do         | 25|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |       |also borne
+                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“William.”
+  Smith, Jacob       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |       |also borne
+                     |               |   |          |      |on rolls as
+                     |               |   |          |        |“Schmidt.”
+  Thaller, Frantz    |    do         | 28|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Trumpy, Henry      |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wetzel, Frederick  |    do         | 40|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Wolf, George       |    do         | 31|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Zeller, John A.    |    do         | 38|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+BATTERY F.
+
+  ===================+===============+===+==========+========+==========
+                     |               |   | Date of  |        |
+         Name        |  Rank         |Age| entering | Period | Remarks
+                     |               |   | the      |   of   |
+                     |               |   | service  |service |
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+                     |               |   |          |_Months_|Appointed
+  Dennis Kenny, Jr.  |Captain        | 27|Apr. 21,  |        |April 21,
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    | 1861;
+                     |               |   |          |        |mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Henry S. Munger    |First          |   |          |        |
+                     | lieutenant    | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Jerome B. Burrows  |First sergeant | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  James H. Coller    |Corporal       | 28|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Charles D. Lane    |    do         | 27|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Bartholomew, Myron |Private        | 21|      do  |   3    |Mustered
+                     |               |   |          |        |out with
+                     |               |   |          |        |battery
+                     |               |   |          |        |July 27,
+                     |               |   |          |        | 1861.
+  Bruner, William    |    do         | 25|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Burrows, Adrian A. |    do         | 29|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Crowell,           |               |   |          |        |
+    William H. H.    |    do         | 20|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Dorman, Dennis W.  |    do         | 43|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Fitch, Martin L.   |    do         | 46|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Gage, Henry W.     |    do         | 19|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Gary, Marco B.     |    do         | 26|June 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Myers, Addison D.  |    do         | 25|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Paddock, Asher R.  |    do         | 37|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Proctor, William E.|    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Ransom, Moses Y.   |    do         | 23|May 14,   |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Smith, Albert D.   |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Stoughton, Theodore|    do         | 21|Apr. 21,  |        |
+                     |               |   | 1861     |   3    |    Do.
+  Stowe, Melvin D.   |    do         | 26|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thorp, Arthur B.   |    do         | 23|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Thorp, Henry H.    |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Turner, Erastus D. |    do         | 24|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  Viets, Frank       |    do         | 21|      do  |   3    |    Do.
+  ———————————————————+———————————————+———+——————————+————————+——————————
+
+
+
+
+57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.
+
+H. R. 619.
+
+
+IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.
+
+June 23, 1902.
+
+Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs.
+
+
+AN ACT
+
+  Providing for the recognition of the military service of the
+  officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer
+  Light Artillery.
+
+_Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
+United States of America in Congress assembled_, That the officers
+and enlisted men of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery
+(three months’ service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the
+call of the President of the United States issued on the fifteenth
+day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one, and which rendered
+actual military service under the command of officers of the United
+States and in co-operation with the regularly organized military
+forces of the United States, shall be held and considered to have
+been in the military service of and to have formed a part of the
+military establishment of the United States during the period for
+which said organization was enlisted and was in active service,
+and that the Secretary of War be, and he hereby is, authorized and
+directed to issue certificates of discharge, upon due application and
+satisfactory proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members
+of the said organization: _Provided,_ That no pay, bounty, or other
+emoluments shall become due or payable by virtue of the passage of
+this Act.
+
+Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.
+
+  Attest:      A. MCDOWELL, _Clerk_.
+
+House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in January, 1903.
+
+
+
+
+  Transcriber’s Notes
+
+  pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William
+  pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett
+  pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister
+  pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio
+  pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.
+  pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces
+  pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be
+  pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington
+  pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality
+  pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow
+  pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow
+  pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon
+  pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A
+  pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C
+  pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J
+  pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H
+  pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D
+  pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G
+  pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)
+  Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.
+  The table of contents was written by the transcriber.
+
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diff --git a/69950-0.zip b/old/69950-0.zip
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+      Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery | Project Gutenberg
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+<p style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery, by Anonymous</p>
+<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
+at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you
+are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
+country where you are located before using this eBook.
+</div>
+
+<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Reminiscences of the Cleveland Light Artillery</p>
+<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Anonymous</p>
+<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: February 4, 2023 [eBook #69950]</p>
+<p style='display:block; text-indent:0; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</p>
+  <p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; text-align:left'>Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</p>
+<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REMINISCENCES OF THE CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY ***</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 65%">
+<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Cover">
+</div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<figure class="figcenter illowp65" id="i002" style="max-width: 48.5em;">
+  <img class="w100" src="images/i002.jpg" alt="">
+  <figcaption class="caption"><p class="center">CLEVELAND LIGHT ARTILLERY<br>
+<span class="fs80">Camp Putnam, Marietta, Ohio, May, 1861</span></p></figcaption>
+</figure></div>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<h1>Reminiscences<br>
+<span class="fs60">of the</span><br>
+<span class="fs90">Cleveland Light Artillery</span></h1>
+<br>
+<div class="centered_image">
+  <img src="images/cannon.jpg" alt="Drawing of a cannon">
+</div>
+<p class="center fs80 wsp"><br>
+<br>
+Cleveland<br>
+Cleveland Printing Company<br>
+1906<br>
+</p></div>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<h2>Contents.</h2>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdr" style="width:15%"><span class="fs80">PAGE</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">I.</td>
+<td class="tdl">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">II.</td>
+<td class="tdl">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the </td>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Artillery Goes to the Front.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">III.</td>
+<td class="tdl">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Independent Companies.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Barnett’s big regiment.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr"></td>
+<td class="tdl">“Commissary” Harry Bingham.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdr">IV.</td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Muster List</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_94">94</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl">Senate Bill</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_101">101</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</span></p>
+<h2>CHAPTER I.<br>
+
+<span class="smcap fs70">The Acorn from which Grew the Oak.</span></h2>
+
+
+<p>The First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery—whose
+guns thundered on nearly all the great battlefields
+of the War for the Union, 1861-5—owed its existence
+to a process of evolution. It was the result
+of a growth during a period of more than twenty
+years.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Grays, an independent military company,
+was formed in 1837. It was composed of active,
+intelligent, patriotic young men who displayed from
+the first a laudable pride in the organization, and an
+ambition to bring it up to the highest possible standard
+of excellence. Their most praiseworthy efforts were
+rewarded by a full measure of success, and the company
+was soon celebrated far and near for its fine
+appearance, excellent drill, and perfection of military
+discipline.</p>
+
+<p>In 1839, for the purpose of field instruction, the
+Grays held an encampment on a vacant lot at the
+present corner of Superior and Erie streets. As compared
+to its proportions of today, Cleveland was
+then scarcely more than an overgrown village,
+and the territory in the vicinity of the spot designated
+above—now covered, and for miles beyond, with business
+houses and dwellings—was almost in its primeval
+state. By invitation of the Grays, Major Fay’s Light
+Artillery Company, of Buffalo, famous in those early
+days for its skill in the art of gunnery, was present
+at the encampment. The fine evolutions of this command
+and its proficiency in working and handling
+artillery attracted much attention and awakened a
+lively interest in that arm of military science.</p>
+
+<p>The Grays caught the artillery fever and at once
+decided that they would have a gun squad. No sooner<span class="pagenum" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</span>
+said than done, and nine members of the company
+were detailed for that purpose, as follows:</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">David L. Wood,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Krieger,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward S. Flint,</td>
+<td class="tdl">F. H. Utley,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward A. Scovill,</td>
+<td class="tdl">James A. Craw,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Richard Dockstader,</td>
+<td class="tdl">James B. Wilbur,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">C. J. Merriam.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p>David L. Wood was appointed Sergeant of the Gun
+Squad. He had formerly lived in Buffalo and had
+served as a gunner in Major Fay’s company, but had
+removed to Cleveland and was an active and zealous
+member of the Grays. A six-pound iron gun was obtained
+and mounted on a carriage which, as well as the
+caisson, was of home manufacture, made at the expense
+of the company. The early drills were held in
+a large barn situated on Erie street opposite the cemetery.
+The building was owned by the Ohio Stage
+Company, which, before the days of railroads, was operating
+its lines of public conveyance. These premises
+were used for five or six years, when more commodious
+quarters were provided.</p>
+
+<p>In 1840 there was a great gathering at Fort Meigs—a
+military station at the rapids of the Maumee river,
+near Perrysburg, Ohio, built by General William Henry
+Harrison in 1813. A number of military companies from
+various parts of the West attended the meeting—among
+them the Cleveland Grays with its gun squad. The
+members of both organizations distinguished themselves
+by their accuracy in drill and their soldierly
+bearing, for which they bore away a large share of the
+honors.</p>
+
+<p>Stimulated by their success to greater exertions the
+young artillerists continued their practice with the
+greatest assiduity, attaining a perfection that was in
+the highest degree creditable, and they fairly deserved
+the plaudits that were so freely bestowed upon them
+whenever they appeared in public. Valuable instruction<span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</span>
+and assistance were received from members of
+Major Fay’s company, before mentioned. The drill was
+in the French style of tactics then in vogue, and generally
+known as “flying artillery.”</p>
+
+<p>In 1845 the gun squad “seceded” from the Grays,
+forming a separate organization known as the Cleveland
+Light Artillery, with two 12-pound guns, and
+a large increase in its active membership. David L.
+Wood was chosen captain. Among those who at this
+early day belonged to the company were James Barnett,
+W. E. Lawrence, Seymour Race, W. H. Hayward and
+W. E. Standart, all of whom remained in active membership
+and were prominent during the war as members
+of the First Ohio Light Artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The increase in the company, both in size and equipment,
+made it necessary to have better quarters. An
+armory was built on Bank street, in the rear of what
+is now the block next north of the Mercantile National
+Bank, and the company evacuated the old Erie street
+barn. It was at this time fully organized as a mounted
+battery of two pieces, with caissons, harness, and everything
+complete, all of which equipment was provided
+at private expense, as were also the uniforms of the
+men. Whenever the battery appeared on public occasions
+or went out for field practice all expenses including
+the use of horses were borne by the company.</p>
+
+<p>On September 10, 1846, a large military encampment
+was held at Wooster, Ohio, in which the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was invited to participate. The
+company, fully mounted and equipped, made the march
+from Cleveland to and from that place, the distance
+both ways being something over one hundred miles.
+This would not have been considered much of a march
+during the war, but it was the first campaign of the
+company, and was a great event in those days. During
+their stay at Wooster the artillerymen received the
+highest encomiums for their excellent appearance and
+drill.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</span></p>
+
+<p>July 4, 1847, a great river and harbor convention
+was held at Chicago. The artillery accepted an urgent
+invitation to attend, going by lake on the steamer
+Sultana, a boat famous at that day, commanded by
+Captain Gilman Appleby. While there the company
+gave several exhibitions, acquitting itself with such
+credit as to win unstinted praise. The effect was to
+stir up the military spirit in Chicago to such a degree
+that a light battery was at once organized there. The
+Cleveland company furnished an instructor and otherwise
+assisted in equipping the battery.</p>
+
+<p>The Chicago company owed its existence in a great
+measure to the Cleveland Artillery. It grew and
+prospered, and early in the war became the nucleus of
+the First Regiment Illinois Light Artillery, as the
+Cleveland company did of the Ohio regiment. Indeed,
+it may fairly be said that the influence of the Cleveland
+Artillery was a wide-spread, and a potential factor,
+through the removal of its members from time to time,
+in awakening an interest before the war in that arm
+of the military service. During the war there was no inconsiderable
+number of artillery officers who entered
+the army from other states, whose first instruction
+was received years before, while members of the old
+Cleveland battery. Its complement of men was usually
+from seventy-five to one hundred, and during the twenty
+years and more of its existence many of these dropped
+out of the ranks and were widely scattered, their places
+being filled by others. The seed thus sown produced an
+abundant crop of artillerymen.</p>
+
+<p>General Barnett tells that in the fall of 1863 he
+was directing the march of some artillery through one
+of the valleys between the mountain ranges near Chattanooga.
+The weather was cold and wet and the roads
+wretched. He came upon a Missouri battery stuck fast
+in the Tennessee mud. Gun carriages and caissons
+were sunk to the hubs and obstinately refused to budge
+an inch, despite the floundering efforts of the panting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</span>
+horses and the picturesque profanity of the drivers.
+Animals and men were wet and bespattered, and about
+equally discouraged. The captain, in a despairing condition,
+sat on his horse surveying the scene, apparently
+caring little whether there were any stars left in the
+old flag or not. Gen. Barnett doubled teams with him
+and at length succeeded in “yanking” him out of the
+mire. In conversation with him the general learned
+that the captain was an old-time member of the Cleveland
+artillery, and it was in consequence of what he
+learned in that company that he was induced to raise
+a battery and go to war in earnest.</p>
+
+<p>In October, 1847, A. S. Sanford was elected captain
+of the Artillery and continued in that position for
+four years. David L. Wood was then again chosen and
+continued in command until a short time before the
+breaking out of the war.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Light Artillery was so successful and
+popular that in 1851 it was doubled in strength and its
+armament was increased to four guns. At this time
+there was no organization of the militia of Ohio, and
+very little had been done by the state authorities to
+foster and encourage the military spirit. Few could
+then have believed that ten years later the tocsin of
+war would be sounded, and that more than three hundred
+thousand men from Ohio alone would march to
+the tented field—and not for holiday or “feather-bed”
+soldiering, either. It is safe to say that Ohio will
+never again be found in a state of such unreadiness—but
+may the good Lord deliver us from any more war!
+The survivors of the First Ohio Light Artillery will
+all devoutly say Amen to this. Like all the rest who
+served in the Civil War, they know when they have had
+enough.</p>
+
+<p>After much urging and coaxing the state authorities
+did at length consent to lend a helping hand. When
+the Cleveland Artillery was enlarged to a four-gun
+battery the state furnished the guns and harness. The<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</span>
+company supplied everything else, including caissons,
+uniforms, and equipments of every kind. It still retained
+its status as an independent organization. In
+fact there was no law of Ohio authorizing artillery
+companies in any shape, and the small aid that was
+grudgingly extended to the Cleveland battery was more
+of a gratuity than anything else.</p>
+
+<p>But the company continued to prosper just the same.
+Its membership was composed of excellent material,
+including young men from many of the best families of
+the city. All were earnest and ambitious in their efforts
+and they soon reached a high state of skill and efficiency
+in handling their guns and in all the details of the tactics
+in which they were instructed. They had showy uniforms
+for public occasions, with plenty of red in them,
+suggestive of sanguinary scenes, and presented a really
+gorgeous appearance when parading the streets. They
+won the applause of the multitude, the smiles of the
+fair, and admiring yells from the small boys. For in
+those ante-bellum days a cannon on wheels was regarded
+with unspeakable awe; and a man in military
+dress awakened the liveliest emotions in the popular
+mind.</p>
+
+<p>In February, 1852, the company was first called upon
+for military duty. On the 17th of that month a serious
+riot occurred at a medical college situated at the corner
+of Prospect and Ontario streets. The trouble grew
+out of the exposure of some human bones from the
+dissecting room. A citizen who imagined them to be
+the remains of his daughter, whose body he thought
+had been stolen for dissection, gathered a formidable
+mob of excited people and moved upon the college
+with the avowed purpose of razing it to the ground and
+of hanging the doctors and students to the nearest
+lamp posts. The sheriff soon found that he had more
+on hand than he could manage and ordered out the Light
+Artillery to his assistance. The members of the company
+responded with alacrity and promptly appeared<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</span>
+upon the ground, unlimbering their pieces they double
+shotted them in full view of the rioters, who were
+warned that if they did not instantly disperse the
+guns would be fired. The men stood at their posts,
+ready to fire at the word, but the rioters broke and
+fled from the scene, in a slate of confused demoralization.
+For precautionary reasons the battery remained
+on duty, “holding the fort,” for forty-eight hours, by
+the end of which time the excitement had abated and
+there was no repetition of the hostile demonstration.</p>
+
+<p>This incident clearly showed the value of such a
+body of trained men, to meet emergencies liable at
+times to arise in a rapidly growing city, where sudden
+excitement, often without reason, leads unthinking men
+to acts of lawlessness, which set the civil authorities
+at defiance. The company had fairly won its first victory,
+fortunately a bloodless one. Its members were
+highly complimented for their prompt response to the
+call and their cool steadiness in the face of the excited
+mob. It was an occasion to test the stuff they were
+made of, though not to be compared with the scenes of
+carnage that some of those men faced without flinching
+in after years.</p>
+
+<p>The people of Cleveland began to feel a pride in
+the Light Artillery, and to give the company substantial
+support and assistance. Again it became necessary
+to have more commodious quarters, and sufficient
+funds were contributed by the citizens and the members
+of the company to build a new armory. The
+building was erected in 1852, near the present junction
+of Ohio and Hill streets. The use of the ground on
+which it stood was given by Mr. John Walworth.</p>
+
+<p>The fame of the company went abroad throughout the
+land and invitations were received from far and near
+to attend large public gatherings. In 1852 an excursion
+was made by lake to Sandusky, at the request of
+citizens of that place, by whom the artillerists were
+handsomely entertained. In September of the same<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</span>
+year the anniversary of the Battle of Lundy’s Lane
+was celebrated by an immense assemblage of people
+with great pomp and ceremony at Niagara Falls. The
+Cleveland Light Artillery, accompanied by a large
+number of its friends, went by steamer to Buffalo. There
+the horses were hitched to guns and caissons and the
+company marched to the Falls, attracting much attention
+along the route. The battery took an active part
+in the celebration, dividing the honors with Major
+Fay’s “crack” Buffalo company of artillery. In 1853
+the Cleveland company attended by special invitation
+a large encampment of the New York state militia at
+Syracuse, commanded by General Swan. The battery
+was warmly received and was a prominent feature of
+the encampment.</p>
+
+<p>The Ohio street armory was occupied for two or
+three years when, the location being for various reasons
+undesirable, it was decided to move once more.
+Quarters were secured near the business center of
+the city, in a brick building on Frankfort street, a
+few rods west of Bank street, occupied after the war
+by Montpellier’s Variety Theater. Here the battery
+continued to abide until it went to the “front” in
+1861.</p>
+
+<p>At this time the company was in better condition
+than ever before. In good quarters, with full battery
+equipment and fine uniforms, and in an admirable
+state of discipline, it was everywhere recognized as a
+model organization. On February 22nd, 1856, the Light
+Artillery and the Cleveland Grays, upon invitation of
+the Rover Guards of Cincinnati, attended a great military
+gathering in that city, to celebrate the anniversary
+of Washington’s birthday. There were present a large
+number of the best drilled and equipped independent
+companies of Ohio and other states. None of them
+surpassed the Cleveland contingent in excellence of
+drill and martial bearing.</p>
+
+<p>During the next three or four years annual encampments<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</span>
+were held for practice in gunnery and field
+evolutions, and in the various duties of camp life.
+Frequent excursions continued to be made, in response
+to invitations received from all parts of the country.
+The citizens of Cleveland showed their increasing appreciation
+of the high standing of the company and
+the honor it had conferred upon the city by tendering
+its members occasional banquets which were largely
+attended, and were occasions of much social enjoyment.
+These unsought recognitions were most gratifying to
+the artillerymen and incited them to the utmost efforts
+to “go on unto perfection.”</p>
+
+<p>It should be borne in mind,—as a fact in the highest
+degree creditable to the company—that during all this
+time, embracing a period of twenty years, the large expenses
+pertaining to the organization, such as the purchase
+of uniforms and equipments of every kind, the
+building or rental of quarters, the cost of transportation
+and the employment of horses, were cheerfully
+paid by the members of the company, with some assistance
+from time to time by the citizens of Cleveland.
+The state furnished no part of the equipment except
+the guns and harness, and these only for a portion of
+the time.</p>
+
+<p>Below is given a complete roster of those whose
+names were borne upon the roll of the company at
+different times during these years. The names of the
+nine originally detailed from the Grays to form the
+Gun Squad have already been given. The list which
+follows embraces all who joined and served in its
+ranks from that time until the reorganization of the
+battery under the militia law of Ohio. The older
+residents of Cleveland and vicinity, who were familiar
+with its people of thirty and forty years ago, will
+recognize in this roster the names of many who are
+now, or were in the past, distinguished as honorable
+and public-spirited citizens, who attained high positions
+in business, professional or political life. A large<span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</span>
+part of the old members of the Light Artillery are
+now dead. A considerable number of these made the
+supreme sacrifice of life upon the altar of patriotism,
+during the War of the Rebellion. Some of those whose
+names appear removed to other parts of the country
+and rose to prominence in the various walks of
+life. Some, including two of three of the detail from
+the Grays in 1839, yet live in and around Cleveland,
+commanding the highest respect and esteem of their
+fellow-citizens.</p>
+
+<p>These gray-haired survivors have long had an organized
+association to perpetuate the memories of “auld
+lang syne.” Regularly each year, on Washington’s
+birthday, they meet around the social board and recall
+reminiscences of the past. They hold in tender remembrance
+their comrades who died for their country,
+and upon the annual recurrence of Decoration Day
+they never omit to strew flowers upon the graves of
+those who sleep in the beautiful cemeteries of Cleveland.
+The association is gradually diminishing in number, as
+one by one its members yield to the infirmities of age,
+but as long as any of them remain these yearly gatherings
+will be continued.</p>
+
+<p>The list of members of the old Cleveland Light Artillery
+is as follows, including all whose names were on
+its roll from the beginning till the reorganization under
+the state law, in 1860:</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Andrews, J. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bennett, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adams, S. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bennett, John A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Abbey, H. G.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Brown, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ashcraft, S. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Burwell, H. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adams, M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Berry, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Barnett, James</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bradford, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bond, M. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Beardsley, Clint.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bond, T. N.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Babcock, C. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brown, Ben.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bynnar, C. E.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beardsley, E. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Benjame, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bliss, Stoughton</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bills, George W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bingham, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl">Bocking, R. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bradburn, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl">Blake, I. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Berry, Alfred</td>
+<td class="tdl">Gardner, O. S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Baldwin, N. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Grimshaw, J. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beck, D. D.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hayward, W. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bull, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Harmon, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Born, C. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hill, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beckel, F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Higby, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Broat, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Harbeck, J. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Burkhardt, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Houghton, D. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowan, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Haskill, J. R.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowan, John.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Hilliard, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Calkins, G. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Haidenburgh, J. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Casement, John S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Ingersoll, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craw, James A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Jones, Samuel</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, Randall</td>
+<td class="tdl">Johnson, J. W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Coon, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Krauss, G.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowdry, C. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Kelley, George</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cowdry, J. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Kittell, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craigen, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Krieger, Frank</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cate, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lawrence, W. E.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Champlain, Wm. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lyon, W. A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapman, W. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Langell, S. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Craig, William</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lucas, M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl">Leonard, Charles</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapin, E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis, E. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Curtis, A. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis, S. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clayton, D. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alex.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crable, John</td>
+<td class="tdl">Machette, Thomas H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cummings, B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Merwin, A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dockstader, Richard</td>
+<td class="tdl">McDole, N. K.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dockstader, W. J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McOmber, J. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunham, C. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Merriam, C. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dexter, B. F.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Miller, W. L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Douglass, R. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Miller, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, J. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McMurphy, P. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dumont, W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Mastick, H. A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ensworth, J. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">McIlrath, James</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ensworth, Jere</td>
+<td class="tdl">Matthews, H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eddy, F. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Geo. F.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eldridge, George D.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Newell, N. M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edgarton, W. P.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Noble, H. M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Flint, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nelson, S. N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Freeman, J. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nelson, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Feickert, C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Pickersgill, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Geer, Hezekiah</td>
+<td class="tdl">Palmer, Horace</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Green, J. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Perry, J. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gerlacher, J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Paddock, T. S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Fred</td>
+<td class="tdl">Potts, W. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Potts, R. C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, E.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</span>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pynchon, J. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, Nelson</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Patrick, C. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sanford, J. R.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pratt, D. M.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sturtevant, S. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Price, David</td>
+<td class="tdl">Stevenson, M.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Prentiss, W. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Pard B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Pelton, F. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sweeny, Thomas T.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Race, Seymour</td>
+<td class="tdl">Stevens, W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rice, Percy W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Sheldon, W. B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reese, C. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Silsbee, S.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Redhead, N. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Story, J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ruple, D. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Smidt, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robinson, J. T.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Schent, D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robison, W. S.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Shields, J. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ruff, Peter</td>
+<td class="tdl">Taylor, D. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rodder, C. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Thompson, T. J.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Russell, C. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Towner, W.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Scovill, O. C.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Umbstaetter, D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Scovill, Edward A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Utley, F. H.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, W. E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wood, David L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, W. L.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Walworth, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, S. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Walworth, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Standart, Geo. W.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Whittemore, M. C.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Simmonds, W. R.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Whittemore, H. L.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sholl, W. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Warmington, William</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Seymour, Belden</td>
+<td class="tdl">White, N. D.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Strong, J. T.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Winslow, John</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, J. M. Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wilbur, J. B.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, E.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wehl, V.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Simmonds, S. J.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, N.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Selden, C. A.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Werlig, A.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sturges, S. B.</td>
+<td class="tdl">Wilson, F.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Before entering upon the reorganization of the Artillery,
+it will be fitting to pay deserved tribute to
+the memory of David L. Wood, who served as its commandant
+for seventeen years, and to whose zeal and
+ability the company was so largely indebted for its
+honorable and successful career. He was born in Litchfield
+county, Connecticut, August 14, 1817. While yet
+a lad his parents removed to Buffalo, where he learned
+the trade of a printer. Early in 1839 he removed to
+Cleveland and at once identified himself with the
+Grays. His connection with Fay’s Artillery Company<span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</span>
+in Buffalo, his detail from the Grays as sergeant of
+the Gun Squad, and his subsequent services in the
+battery have already been mentioned. Under the law
+passed in 1859 to organize the militia of Ohio he was
+appointed by Governor Chase to the responsible position
+of Quartermaster General of the state. So faithfully
+and efficiently did he discharge the duties of the
+position that he was reappointed by Governor Dennison
+and was at the head of that most important department
+of the state executive when the war broke out
+in 1861. He displayed great energy and ability in
+fitting for active duty the troops that so rapidly responded
+to the call. But the true military spirit was
+strong in him and nothing could satisfy him but active
+service in the field. He resigned his position at
+Columbus and having been by the President commissioned
+a captain in the Eighteenth United States Infantry—“Regulars”—he
+went to the front in December.
+His regiment was afterward assigned to Thomas’s
+corps, Army of the Cumberland. In the historic cedar
+thicket at Stone River, where the Eighteenth was so
+fearfully decimated, he was severely wounded. When
+partially recovered he asked to be placed on such duty
+as he could perform and was put in charge of a recruiting
+station at Marietta, Ohio. When John Morgan
+made his famous raid into Ohio, Captain Wood took
+command of a hastily organized company and joined
+in the pursuit of the rebel troopers, bearing an honorable
+part in the action at Buffington Island. Soon after
+this, although still suffering from the effects of his
+wound, he applied for permission to rejoin his regiment
+in the field, but it was not granted by reason of his
+disability and he was placed on the retired list.</p>
+
+<p>He went to Cleveland where he was several times
+elected a Justice of the Peace. In 1876 he removed to
+New York, in the hope that the climate might prove
+more favorable to his failing health. He grew worse,
+however, and in April 1881, he returned to Cleveland.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</span>
+He was almost immediately prostrated by severe illness,
+which terminated fatally a few days later. On May 2nd
+he died, sincerely mourned by a wide circle of friends,
+and particularly by his old comrades of the Cleveland
+Light Artillery, with whom he was so long and intimately
+associated.</p>
+
+<p>Many will remember that for two or three years before
+the war, as the fast-growing sentiment against
+slavery became more active and aggressive in the North,
+there were mutterings that boded ill for the peace of
+the nation. Those whose ears were alert heard sounds
+that seemed to presage the fierce conflict that finally
+burst upon the country in all its savage fury. These
+“signs of the times” had the effect, everywhere, to
+arouse the state authorities from their lethargy and
+measures were taken to encourage and promote the
+organization of military companies. In 1859 the Legislature
+of Ohio passed a militia law. The friends of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery had for years been hammering
+at the law-givers, urging the importance of state
+aid to such organizations. At last the idea found its
+way into the minds of the state officials and members
+of the Legislature, that an emergency might arise
+when a few serviceable cannon, and trained men to
+use them, would be found “mighty handy.” So in the
+new law they authorized the formation of artillery
+companies, each to consist of a captain, lieutenant, two
+sergeants and twenty privates, with one gun and caisson.
+The law further provided for the organization
+of artillery regiments, each to contain not less than
+six of such one-gun companies.</p>
+
+<p>In compliance with the terms of this law the Cleveland
+Artillery—four guns—was at once reorganized
+into four companies, and there were added one in Brooklyn,
+Cuyahoga county, and one in Geneva, Ashtabula
+county. These were immediately organized into a “regiment”—though
+its strength in men and guns was only
+that of a single battery after things were placed upon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</span>
+a war footing. The following field and staff officers
+were elected and commissioned by the Governor August
+1, 1860:</p>
+
+<p class="lh">Colonel—James Barnett.</p>
+<p class="lh">Lieutenant Colonel—Stephen B. Sturges.</p>
+<p class="lh">Major—Clark S. Gates.</p>
+<p class="lh">Surgeon—C. E. Ames.</p>
+<p class="lh">Quartermaster—Amos Townsend.</p>
+<p class="lh">Quartermaster-Sergeant—Randall Crawford.</p>
+
+<p>The companies of the regiment were commended as
+follows:</p>
+
+<p class="lh">Company A, Cleveland—W. R. Simmonds.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company B, Cleveland—John Mack.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company C, Brooklyn—J. S. Andrews.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company D, Cleveland—P. W. Rice.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company E, Cleveland—Louis Heckman.</p>
+<p class="lh">Company F, Geneva—Dennis Kenny.</p>
+
+
+<p>The organization was officially designated as the
+“First Regiment of Light Artillery, Third Brigade,
+Fourth Division, Ohio Volunteer Militia.”</p>
+
+<p>The first public appearance of the newly born “regiment”
+was at the unveiling of the statue of Commodore
+Perry, in Cleveland, September 10th, 1860. The occasion
+was an imposing one, and a number of military
+companies from abroad were present and participated
+in the parade, notably organizations from Rhode Island,
+which was Commodore Perry’s native state. The visiting
+troops and distinguished guests accompanying them
+were hospitably entertained during their stay in Cleveland
+by the members and friends of the Artillery and
+the Grays. A few months later the pomp and glory
+of a holiday pageant were exchanged for the stern
+realities of “grim visaged war,” and the guns of the
+Cleveland Light Artillery were hurling shot and shell
+into the ranks of the rebels south of the Ohio River.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Lincoln was elected President in the fall of 1860.
+As the political campaign of that year progressed the
+result was foreshadowed by the strong drift of public<span class="pagenum" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</span>
+sentiment at the North. The “fire-eaters” of the South
+wrought themselves into a high state of excitement
+over their prospective defeat and for a month before
+the contest was decided made lurid threats of secession
+and revolution in such a contingency. The northern
+people were slow to believe that these declarations
+were anything more than “wind.” Even when they
+began to take definite form, after the election, the number
+was yet small who believed there would be a conflict
+of arms.</p>
+
+<p>The success of the Republican party in the election
+was made the pretext for the great revolt. Six weeks
+later South Carolina packed her knapsack and marched
+out of the Union. Six other states followed closely
+upon her heels, and in a short time four more. Beaten
+at the ballot-box they determined to try the cartridge-box,
+but—as those most interested in this volume will
+remember, for they helped to make it so—this experiment
+was equally unsatisfactory to them in its outcome.</p>
+
+<p>By the time the “cotton” states began to secede, and
+the people of the South to show great activity in the
+organization of military companies, the impression became
+quite general throughout the North that the situation
+was critical and there was serious trouble ahead—and
+not very far ahead, either. The great “coming
+event” of the century was “casting its shadow before.”
+Every day but strengthened and intensified the determination,
+through the great, loyal North, that at all
+hazards the Union should be preserved and the flag protected
+from dishonor.</p>
+
+<p>During the winter of 1860, months before the North
+was aroused by the mighty reveille that sounded amidst
+the echoes of Sumter, many independent companies then
+existing made a voluntary offer of their services, provided
+they should be needed. Among the first to show
+a desire to “get there” early and secure front seats was
+the Cleveland six-gun “regiment” of artillery. As soon<span class="pagenum" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</span>
+as there began to be a smell of powder in the air the
+members of this organization promptly developed an
+appetite for war. They sent to the Adjutant General
+of Ohio a fervid communication tendering their services
+and stating that they might be depended upon to respond
+instantly to the call of duty. In two or three
+days an answer was received. The Adjutant General
+commended their patriotism in the highest terms, and
+in the name of the state thanked them effusively for
+their noble offer, but added that he had no idea they
+would be called upon, <em>as it was not at all probable
+that any cavalry or artillery would be required</em>! No
+doubt this official’s views soon underwent a most radical
+change. But his depressing letter had the effect of
+the proverbial “wet blanket” upon the more enthusiastic
+artillerists, who were beginning to actually suffer for
+a scrimmage. They were afraid it wasn’t going to be
+“much of a shower,” after all! Nobody will say that
+during the ensuing four years there was not enough
+to go around; everybody who wanted any of it had
+abundant opportunity to supply himself. But after
+the Cleveland boys heard from the Adjutant General
+some of them really mourned over the prospect of “getting
+left.”</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_II">CHAPTER II.<br>
+<span class="smcap fs70 lh">A Prompt Response to War’s Alarms and the Artillery
+Goes to the Front.</span></h2>
+</div>
+
+<p>At half past four o’clock on the morning of Friday—unlucky
+day—April 12, 1861, the rebel batteries at
+Charleston opened fire on Fort Sumter. The fort was
+surrendered at noon of Sunday, April 14. On this day
+President Lincoln drafted his proclamation calling
+out seventy-five thousand volunteers for three months.
+That night it went out by telegraph, and on Monday
+the people of the North knew that the last hope of
+compromise had vanished. Already the “dogs of war”
+had been slipped, and the country was to be tested in
+the fierce crucible of a mighty conflict. None who
+witnessed it, or were a part of it, can ever forget the
+grand, patriotic uprising of the loyal masses, from
+Maine to California, and from the Lakes to the Ohio
+river, to avenge the insult of the National Flag. It
+need only be alluded to in this connection. The quotas
+of the various states under the first call for troops
+were duly apportioned, and in some cases were more
+than filled in a single day. All the organized military
+companies in Ohio offered their services, and all were
+clamorous that they should be accepted. There seemed
+to be a generally prevailing fear that the war would
+be “all over” before they could get there.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland Grays—from which the first gun squad
+of the Cleveland Artillery was detailed more than
+twenty years before—left amidst prodigious excitement
+for Columbus, became Company E of the First Ohio
+Infantry, and started immediately for Washington. But
+so far there was no call for the artillery. How all the
+men, from Colonel to powder-monkey, chafed in the
+impatience of their raging patriotism. It would be
+sad indeed, they thought, if, after all, it should prove
+that the Adjutant General was right, and that “no<span class="pagenum" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</span>
+artillery would be needed”—or if a few cannon should
+be required the batteries of the Regular Army would
+supply them, and the unhappy volunteers would remain
+“out in the cold.”</p>
+
+<p>But there came a loud call for artillery, and the boys,
+who were fretting themselves sick, had not long to
+wait for the glad summons. On Saturday, April 20,
+the following dispatch went singing over the wires:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right lh">Columbus, O., April 20, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent lh">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>
+<p class="lh">Cleveland, O.</p>
+
+<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery,
+including Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith—Monday
+if possible. You can hire horses for the guns
+here or at your point of service. Bring harness and
+everything else, and twenty men to each gun. You
+retain Colonel’s rank. By order—</p>
+
+<p class="right">H. B. Carrington,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>This was received by Colonel Barnett early in the
+evening of the day named. How the news spread
+through the city, as if borne upon the wings of the
+wind! How it set the hearts of the impatient boys
+to thumping and how they cheered at the tidings,
+while tears dimmed the eyes and moistened the cheeks
+of wives and mothers and sisters and sweethearts!</p>
+
+<p>Early Sunday morning Colonel Barnett issued the
+following order to captains of companies:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>You will report your command of twenty men ready
+to march to Columbus tomorrow at 12 o’clock, noon, at
+the Public Square. You will have your piece and
+caisson and harness complete at the depot between
+Superior street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of
+ten men to attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock A.
+M., under the command of a sergeant, and when embarked
+report to your superior officers.</p>
+
+<p>By order of the Adjutant General of Ohio.</p>
+
+<p class="right">James Barnett,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Colonel First Regiment Artillery,<br>
+S. B. Sturges, Lieutenant Colonel.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</span></p>
+
+<p>A messenger was hurried out to Brooklyn to stir
+up that company, and a telegram was sent to Geneva,
+carrying the news to Company F.</p>
+
+<p>“Ah, then and there was hurrying to and fro,” as
+the artillerymen hustled around, engaged in hasty preparation
+for “going to war.” In Cleveland, as everywhere
+else, there was a furious ferment of excitement. For
+the moment business of every kind was laid aside. The
+one absorbing theme was the opening conflict. Husbands
+and sons and brothers had been called to the
+field to defend the nation’s flag. Not only their immediate
+friends but the citizens generally put forth
+every possible effort to fit out the boys in good shape.
+Meetings were held and fervid speeches were made.
+But no stimulating force was then necessary, for every
+heart was swelling with patriotic ardor and the spirit
+of sacrifice. It was not a good time for the utterance
+of “copperhead” sentiments. Had any one dared to
+express sympathy with those who had fired on the flag
+his life would not have been worth a rush. If there
+were any such, they kept prudently quiet. People
+shouted and sang patriotic songs, and spoke words
+of cheer and encouragement to those who were about
+to leave for “the front.” The boys had little need,
+however, of being urged to obey the call of duty, and
+sympathy was wasted on them, for they were in a state
+of feverish anxiety for an opportunity to unlimber their
+guns in the face of the foe.</p>
+
+<p>The state of public feeling was about as hot as it
+could be, but on Sunday morning another dispatch
+was received which added more fuel to the fierce
+flames and raised the temperature to even a higher point.
+It was as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">
+Columbus, O., April 21, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Colonel James Barnett,</p>
+
+<p>Can you bring your command here tonight instead of
+waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+William Dennison, Governor.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</span></p>
+
+<p>Thus early people began to learn that there is “no
+Sunday in war.” All that day the excitement increased.
+Those who took the time to go to church listened to
+sermons on the duty of the hour.</p>
+
+<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment
+in time to get away on Sunday and the Governor was
+informed by telegraph that it would leave early Monday
+morning. A dispatch from Capt. Dennis Kenny at
+Geneva told that Company F was “red hot” and
+could be ready to leave that night for the rendezvous at
+Cleveland. The necessary transportation was provided
+and the company reported before daylight. Company C.
+from Brooklyn, was equally prompt to respond, and
+half the people of that town accompanied the boys to
+the city to “see them off.”</p>
+
+<p>During the forenoon of Monday—April 22d—there
+was the greatest activity among the members and
+friends of the regiment. The whole city was astir and
+fairly boiling with excitement. Thousands of people
+turned out, thronging the depot and the railroad leading
+to Columbus, to witness the departure of the soldiers.
+The latter were, of course, only provided with a “pick
+up” outfit, it being expected that all necessary clothing
+and supplies would be furnished by the state authorities.</p>
+
+<p>In order to start the boys in as comfortable shape
+as possible the citizens contributed a sum sufficient for
+the purchase of one hundred and twenty blankets—all
+that could be found in Cleveland suitable for military
+use. The blankets were bought by Mr. Henry N. Johnson,
+and the following memorandum of the purchases
+is given as an item of interest:</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdc">Number.</td>
+<td class="tdrx">Price.</td>
+<td class="tdrx">Amount.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">E. I. Baldwin</td>
+<td class="tdrx">12</td>
+<td class="tdrx">$ 1.48⅓</td>
+<td class="tdrx">$ 17.80</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Taylor &amp; Griswold</td>
+<td class="tdrx">3</td>
+<td class="tdrx">2.50</td>
+<td class="tdrx">7.50</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Alcott &amp; Horton</td>
+<td class="tdrx">92</td>
+<td class="tdrx">2.00</td>
+<td class="tdrx">184.00</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Morgan &amp; Root</td>
+<td class="tdrx">13</td>
+<td class="tdrx">1.75</td>
+<td class="tdrx">22.75</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">——</td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>
+<td class="tdrx lh">———</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Total</td>
+<td class="tdrx">120</td>
+<td class="tdrx"></td>
+<td class="tdrx">$232.05</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</span></p>
+
+<p>At about noon the regiment, numbering in all about
+one hundred and sixty men, embarked on a special
+train. There were hasty and tearful farewells and
+the train moved off amidst tempestuous shouts and
+cheers, the waving of flags and kerchiefs and the music
+of brass bands.</p>
+
+<p>At that time no one had more than a vague and
+foggy idea of what war was. It had not yet become the
+serious matter that it was a few months later, and
+during the four long and bitter years that followed.
+The first volunteers went to the field with a grand
+hurrah, impelled by motives of the truest patriotism,
+but with no conception of the hardship and privation
+and blood and fire and death that were before them.
+The sickle was sharpened but had not been thrust in
+to reap its ghastly harvest. As yet there were no
+stretchers nor hospitals nor ambulances freighted with
+mangled victims; no miles of reddened earth strewed
+with the dead and dying; no long, weary marches,
+through heat and cold and storm; no ravages of wasting
+disease. All these were yet as an unopened book
+to these men hastening to the field, and to those who
+with moistened eyes and beating hearts bade them
+farewell and God speed. Only a few then believed that
+there would be much of a war—that the trouble would
+not all be over in sixty or ninety days.</p>
+
+<p>The following is a roster of the regiment as it left
+Cleveland, the officers of the field and staff having been
+already given. A few men who joined some of the
+companies a few weeks later are included:</p>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company A.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, W. R. Simmonds; First Sergeant, John A.
+Bennett.</p>
+
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Roger D. Throup,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Thos J. Thompson,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Joseph Dunn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John J. Kelley,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John A. Benjamin,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John H. Blair,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry New,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</span></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George W. Clark,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry H. Rebbeck,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thomas D. Beckwith,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. Hale Sypher,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward P. Anson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. M. Camp,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Isaac Cramer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Moels,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">David H. Throup,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Daniel Reynolds,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Richard Dunn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John R. Milton,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Bruster,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Amasa Bailey,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">William Bruner.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company B.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, J. G. Mack; Lieutenant, Jacob Reider; First
+Sergeant, Frederick C. Grauninger; Second Sergeant
+Mathias Adams.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Daniel Scheuer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick Beckel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Chapin,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Leonard Nerriter,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John Galcher,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Abraham Fredericks,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Andrew Worley,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Michael Schoemer,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Nicholas Weidenkopf,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter Ruff,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Ebert,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Adolph Menzelman,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Lawrence Nigel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter Reidenbach,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Christian Tenfel,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lewis Fahrion,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Erhart,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">Michael Lucas.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company C.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, F. W. Pelton; Lieutenant, Samuel Sears;
+First Sergeant, F. S. Pelton; Second Sergeant, P. C.
+Schneider.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Levi Fish,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Abel Fish,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Fish,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Fish,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Heve,</td>
+<td class="tdl">John C. Brainerd,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">F. W. Wirth,</td>
+<td class="tdl">C. M. Dean,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Llewellyn,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. H. Boyden,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">C. E. Marcellus,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. L. Hand,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Storer,</td>
+<td class="tdl">E. S. Allen,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Lyon,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Grotzinger,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">G. R. Davis,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Wattles,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edward S. Brainerd,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Roberts,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">George Schmale.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company D.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, P. W. Rice; Lieutenant, J. H. Miller; First<span class="pagenum" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</span>
+Sergeant, E. F. Reeve; Second Sergeant, W. H. Hilliard.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">W. P. Edgarton,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. S. Harbeck,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George D. E. Murray,</td>
+<td class="tdl">N. A. Baldwin,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">D. S. Davis,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Crawford,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William Kidd,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. C. Shields,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. G. Vincent,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Orland,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Wilson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. A. Sterling,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Robinson Smith,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. A. Champlin,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">S. W. Killam,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Alexander Marshall,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">C. H. Rice,</td>
+<td class="tdl">L. W. Thatcher,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">G. W. Tillotson,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Orlando S. Gardner.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company E.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, Louis Heckman; Lieutenant, Jacob J. Hauck;
+First Sergeant, Henry Roth; Second Sergeant, Valentine
+Heckman.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight,</td>
+<td class="tdl">J. A. Zeller,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Thaler,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Albert Rigler,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Conrad Schwendner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Jacob Bomhardt,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Eshenbrenner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George W. Payson,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">George Bruehler,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Charles Herig,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fred Wetzel,</td>
+<td class="tdl">William Schutt,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gerhardt Schmidt,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Kugler,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Trumpy,</td>
+<td class="tdl">George Wolf,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">August Beiser.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Company F.</span></p>
+
+<p>Captain, Dennis Kenny; First Lieutenant, H. S.
+Munger; Second Lieutenant, Romanzo Spring; First
+Sergeant, J. B. Burrows; Second Sergeant, C. D. Lane;
+Corporal, J. H. Coller.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. H. Thorp,</td>
+<td class="tdl">W. H. H. Crowell,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">A. D. Myers,</td>
+<td class="tdl">D. W. Dorman,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">W. E. Proctor,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. A. Burrows,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">M. L. Fitch,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. R. Paddock,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">H. W. Gage,</td>
+<td class="tdl">A. B. Thorp,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Theodore Stroughton,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. D. Stowe,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frank Viets,</td>
+<td class="tdl">Myron Bartholomew,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">E. D. Turner,</td>
+<td class="tdl">M. Y. Ransom,</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc" colspan="2">A. B. Smith.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+
+<p class="lh">Musician—James Willis.</p>
+
+<p>Grooms—Edward Garvin, Milo Gage, Salmon
+Chambers, Edward Gates, Thomas Morris.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</span></p>
+
+<p>It may be remarked here in passing that the men
+were not long in learning that there was something in
+“soldiering” besides romance and “flowery beds of ease.”
+Before June 1st six or seven of them had been discharged
+for disability by reason of sickness, and one
+made up his mind that he had got all he wanted and
+deserted.</p>
+
+<p>All the way to Columbus the boys sang and laughed
+and shouted in the exuberance of their patriotic emotions,
+and told one another of the valorous deeds they
+would perform as soon as opportunity was afforded
+them. At all points along the route the people greeted
+them with uproarious cheers. Wherever the train halted
+the guns and caissons, which were on platform cars,
+were regarded with the utmost curiosity and interest
+by crowds of men, women and children. The engines
+of war were a novelty to them.</p>
+
+<p>On reaching the state capital—where it had been supposed
+that the regiment would debark and go into camp
+for a few days at least—an order was received to proceed
+at once to Marietta, Ohio, by way of Loveland.
+It was thought that Marietta was in jeopardy, being
+threatened by rebel forces in Virginia. All the infantry
+companies from that part of the state which had offered
+their services had been sent to Washington. The
+city was wholly defenseless and there were no troops to
+send there except the Cleveland artillery regiment.
+After something had been learned of the art of war it
+came to be considered the proper thing to always provide
+an infantry support for artillery, but nobody
+thought of such things at the moment of emergency.
+So the hundred and sixty fledglings from Cleveland,
+with their guns and caissons, but without a single horse
+to move them, were hurried away to prevent the rebels
+from capturing Marietta. It is but justice to the members
+of the regiment to say that they had an abiding
+confidence in their ability to hold that city against the
+entire Southern Confederacy. As the train went<span class="pagenum" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</span>
+whirling on through the darkness all hearts were swelling
+with patriotism and a heroic determination to obey
+every call of duty, even to facing death in its most awful
+form upon the battlefield. They expected to commence
+wading in blood immediately.</p>
+
+<p>Marietta was reached early next morning but no
+enemy was there to fight. The air was full of wild
+rumors that legions of rebels were approaching, with
+evil designs upon the city, and the people were badly
+scared. The arrival of the Cleveland artillery, with real
+cannon, had a reassuring effect upon the citizens. The
+men were most cordially welcomed and received with
+unbounded hospitality. The regiment went into camp
+on the fair grounds, placing the guns in position to
+command the city and spread havoc and destruction
+among any misguided people who should attempt to
+capture it.</p>
+
+<p>The regiment had as yet received nothing whatever in
+the way of supplies from either the state or national
+government. Indeed the men had not even been
+mustered into the service—and as a matter of fact they
+were not until three months later. Immediate requisitions
+were made upon the authorities at Columbus, by
+mail and telegraph, for clothing, rations, ammunition,
+etc., all of which were quite indispensable to efficient
+service. When ordered on from Columbus Colonel
+Barnett had been assured that everything needful would
+be forwarded at once, but the supplies did not come, nor
+was the slightest attention paid to the requisitions. The
+Cleveland contingent seemed to have been entirely forgotten.
+It was a pretty clear case of “out of sight out
+of mind.” There may have been some excuse for this
+in the fact that the call to arms had come suddenly and
+found the state wholly unprepared for such an emergency;
+nor had there been sufficient time as yet for
+the United States government to adjust itself to a condition
+of actual war and provide for the needs of its
+soldiers. The state authorities no doubt did the best<span class="pagenum" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</span>
+they could, but in the hurry of raising troops and rushing
+them to the front in the shortest possible time
+everything was in the wildest chaos. It is little wonder
+that things went at haphazard and it was only by chance
+that any officer got for his men what they needed.</p>
+
+<p>As day after day passed and no answer to the requisitions
+came both officers and men began to get a little
+warm under the collar. Colonel Barnett prodded up the
+Columbus people daily, his messages growing more and
+more pungent and emphatic. The artillery had not been
+provided with a single horse and would have been of
+little practical value in case of an attack, unless the
+rebels had kindly marched up in front of the guns and
+permitted themselves to be shot down. In this case the
+slaughter would have been fearful, had the boys been
+supplied with effective ammunition. When the regiment
+passed through Columbus the condition of the command
+was reported and the Adjutant General had promised
+that horses and ammunition should be promptly furnished
+at Marietta. As a starter he put into the baggage-car,
+before leaving the state capital, several pork
+barrels full of round shot, a few chests of fine rifle
+powder and a lot of linsey-woolsey stuff, ostensibly for
+the purpose of making cartridges. The whole “outfit”
+was entirely worthless. The shot did not fit the guns
+and the powder was no doubt a good thing with which
+to go squirrel hunting, but was little better than so
+much sawdust for artillery use. It will be readily understood
+that at this time the Cleveland Light Artillery
+was not in condition to do any overwhelming damage
+to the Southern Confederacy.</p>
+
+<p>The men had no clothing except that which they
+had brought from home. Few had a change of garments,
+as it was understood when they left Cleveland that they
+would be amply supplied. They could rub along a while
+with what clothes they had but they must have “grub”—that
+was in the nature of a prime and fundamental
+necessity. Patriotism was a good thing as far as it went,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</span>
+but it didn’t go a long way in satisfying the cravings
+of an empty stomach. Appeals to the authorities were
+in vain and so Colonel Barnett entered into a contract
+with a man named Hall, of Marietta, to “board” the
+command. There was nothing else to be done, and it
+is just to the authorities to say that this bill was finally
+allowed and paid by the state. It is also fair to Mr.
+Hall to say that he carried out his contract in good faith,
+furnishing plenty of food which allowed small margin
+for grumbling.</p>
+
+<p>The camp of the artillery in the fair grounds was
+named “Camp Putnam,” in honor of an old and patriotic
+citizen of Marietta who was a direct descendant of Gen.
+Israel Putnam—“Old Put”—of Revolutionary fame. The
+men fixed up their quarters in a style that a year or two
+later would have been considered luxurious in the extreme.
+The kindness and hospitality of the citizens
+were conspicuous. No effort was spared to make the
+boys as comfortable as possible. But even under these
+favorable conditions some of the boys imagined that they
+were having a hard time of it and were suffering a good
+deal for their country. When they came to experience
+the real hardships of active service in the field they
+looked back with unutterable yearnings to the idle weeks
+that were largely spent in playing euchre and “old
+sledge” at Camp Putnam.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett was in command of the camp and
+of the post of Marietta. He enforced the strictest discipline
+and daily drills rapidly increased the efficiency
+of the command. Early efforts were made to secure a
+supply of better ammunition, as that hastily picked up
+at Columbus was of no value whatever. There were
+no shells or canister, and the solid shot were not only
+wrong in size but they were not round and could not
+have been thrown with any degree of precision. Colonel
+Barnett telegraphed to Cincinnati and secured a quantity
+of shot that was promptly forwarded. He engaged
+the use of a shop in Marietta where a lathe was put to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</span>
+work turning sabots, and a laboratory was fitted up
+where cartridges were made and the sabots were properly
+strapped to the shot. Nearly all this work was performed
+by the members of the regiment. Many of them
+were excellent mechanics and all were intelligent and
+willing. Such men can do anything. The ladies of
+Marietta offered their services, glad of the opportunity to
+do something for the cause of the Union. Since the first
+tocsin of war they had been busy in scraping lint and
+preparing bandages, until the supply seemed to be greatly
+in excess of the immediate demand—for scarcely anybody
+had been hurt yet, and a million or two of women
+all over the North had been engaged in the work. Now
+there was a chance for the matrons and maidens of
+Marietta to render assistance in another very practical
+way. A bountiful supply of red flannel was procured
+and immediately a hundred fair hands were at work,
+plying scissors and needle, in making cartridge-bags.
+The ladies made a “bee” of it, and in a wonderfully
+short time they had finished enough to last for months.
+The fine rifle powder that was pitched on the train at
+Columbus was exchanged for cannon powder, and the
+artillery began to look more like business. This homemade
+ammunition was largely used in target practice,
+which was deemed highly essential to future usefulness.
+Day after day the air resounded with the roar of artillery,
+as the boys sighted their guns at the targets and
+imagined themselves hurling the whistling missiles
+through solid battalions of rebels.</p>
+
+<p>It was nearly a month before any supplies of clothing
+and camp and garrison equipage were received.
+About the middle of May, Captain O. M. Poe, of the Corps
+of Engineers, United States Army, was sent by Gen.
+George B. McClellan to inspect the Cleveland Light Artillery
+with a view to its being ready for service, at a
+moment’s notice. Capt. Poe expressed himself as greatly
+pleased with the command and the drill, discipline and
+soldierly bearing of its members. He assured Colonel<span class="pagenum" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</span>
+Barnett that it should be thoroughly equipped without
+further delay. There seemed good reason to hope that at
+length there would be something besides mere promises.
+A few days later this was partially realized by the arrival
+of a quantity of clothing, which made the men
+feel more like soldiers, even though it was shoddy—and
+very poor shoddy at that. It is a fact that the
+garments were of such poor stuff that a week or two
+of wear was sufficient to finish them. They had to be
+thrown aside out of a decent regard for the usages and
+proprieties of civilized people. While wearing these
+clothes the men would break for their quarters and hide
+themselves if ladies entered the camp. There also came
+a lot of kettles, pans, and camp utensils of various kinds.
+These were heartily welcomed, as the boys had been
+forced to make all sorts of shifts, with such articles as
+were kindly furnished them by the people of Marietta.</p>
+
+<p>About this time another idea appears to have effected
+a lodgment in the minds of the authorities at Columbus,
+and that was that horses were quite essential for field
+artillery. A stirring up by Gen. McClellan caused a
+dispatch to be sent to Col. Barnett, authorizing and directing
+him to proceed at once to mount the regiment—or
+“battery,” as it was termed, for such only it really
+was—by purchasing horses in the vicinity of Marietta.
+A day later came the following, which will be of interest
+as a relic of the early days of the war:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Adjutant General’s Office,</p>
+<p class="right">Columbus, May 25, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">Special Order No. 244.</p>
+
+<p>Col. James Barnett: Upon receipt of this order, if you
+have not previously acted upon telegram sent this evening,
+you will purchase for your battery 76 horses, upon
+the best terms you can, putting them under the best
+discipline for prompt action.</p>
+
+<p>From advices received from Judge Putnam it is expected
+that you can purchase for a sum not to exceed
+from 75 to 110 dollars each. The army limit I understand<span class="pagenum" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</span>
+to be 120. You should not exceed $100 at these
+times, unless in special cases. Consult the citizens to
+whom you have letters and report your proposals by
+telegraph.</p>
+
+<p>By order of Commander-in-Chief,</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>To enable Colonel Barnett to carry out this order the
+sum of $10,000 was placed to his credit by the State of
+Ohio, in a Marietta bank, out of which the horses were
+to be paid for as fast as purchased. On the same day
+the above order was received, came also the following
+telegram, which threw Camp Putnam into a quiver of
+excitement and caused a wild rush into the region round
+about to look for horses:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio,</p>
+<p class="right">Cincinnati, May 26, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Expedite the mounting of your battery and report to
+me when ready for service.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General U. S. A.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Six or eight of the best judges of horseflesh in the
+battery were immediately sent out to scour the country.
+Whenever a suitable animal was found that could be
+bought at a fair price an order upon Colonel Barnett
+was given by the buyer to the seller, stating briefly the
+sort of animal purchased and the price that had been
+agreed upon. These orders were promptly paid by
+Colonel Barnett with checks upon the bank. A few
+sample orders are given below. They were written on
+cards, leaves torn from memorandum books and odd
+bits of paper of every variety of size, shape and color:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay H. Sheets one hundred dollars for one
+daple gray horse.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+F. W. Pelton.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay to C. W. Putnam one hundred and seventy
+dollars ($170) for one sorril gelding and one sorril
+mare.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+John Newton.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+To Col. Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Pay Mr. O. Pattin the sum of one hundred 100$ dollars
+in Ohio money for one iron grey horse, weight eleven
+hundred, six years old, fifteen hands high, wich we ar
+a going to keep with us. Sargt. Gruninger want to keep
+him to ride and send the livery horse home.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+T. R. Wells.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="no-indent">
+Col. James Barnett,<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Please pay Wm. Lamb one hundred and sixty dollars
+for two sorrel mairs, 160$.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+Henry Faring.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These orders, besides being of historical interest, go
+to show that correct orthography is not essential to the
+purest and loftiest patriotism. The “mairs” for which
+the last order was given were accepted, although of the
+wrong sex to comply with army regulations, which requires
+that horses purchased for the cavalry and artillery
+service shall be of the masculine gender. Only
+males, of the equine as well as the human race, are considered
+to be fit for war.</p>
+
+<p>Within two days the required number of horses was
+obtained. All hands were busy “breaking them in” to
+their new sphere of usefulness. Trained horses are only
+second in value to trained men for artillery service.
+When it comes to “standing fire” there is as much difference
+in horses as there is in men. Some animals appear
+to have a plentiful supply of “sand” and display
+an intelligent courage that is almost heroic, while others
+become sadly demoralized under fire and are totally unmanageable.</p>
+
+<p>Meantime the air was full of rumors of projected campaigns
+into the enemy’s country in which the Cleveland
+Light Artillery was to participate. Something fresh in
+this line was circulated through the camp every hour.
+No two of these “grape vines”—as the boys learned later<span class="pagenum" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</span>
+to call them—were alike, and they sufficed to keep everybody
+in a state of furious agitation. The artillerymen had
+a consuming desire to do something that would help to
+put down the rebellion. Like all new troops, at every
+stage of the war, they were impressed with the idea that
+their mission was to fight somebody, and they chafed at
+the weeks of inactivity in camp. While it might not be
+strictly true to say that any of them were anxious to
+test the truth of the somewhat apocryphal statement
+that “it is sweet to die for one’s country,” it may safely
+be recorded that they were eager to go on the war-path,
+and as to the rest they were willing to take the
+chances. An order to move was daily expected and the
+utmost activity prevailed in the work of getting everything
+in perfect readiness to respond at once to the
+summons.</p>
+
+<p>By this time an infantry force had reached Marietta,
+consisting of the Fourteenth Ohio Volunteers, Colonel
+James B. Steadman, and the Eighteenth Ohio Volunteers,
+Colonel T. R. Stanley. The Fourteenth had been drilling
+for three weeks at Camp Tayler, in Cleveland. It came
+with full ranks, completely armed and equipped for
+service. The Eighteenth had not yet received arms and
+equipments, but these were promised at an early day.
+In those days a regiment of infantry meant a thousand
+men, and not a mere skeleton of two or three hundred,
+such as were common later in the war, when the ranks
+had been decimated by disease and the deadly storm of
+battle. The Fourteenth Ohio reached Marietta on the
+24th of May and the Eighteenth on the following day.</p>
+
+<p>The rumors of forward movements at length assumed
+definite form. It became known that a campaign was
+about to begin across the river in Western Virginia. On
+May 27th the following dispatch was received:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">
+Cincinnati, Ohio, May 27, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Upon the requisition of Col. Steadman you will supply<span class="pagenum" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</span>
+him with a detachment of two guns, with the proper officers
+and men.</p>
+
+<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>On this day the Fourteenth Ohio Infantry went by boat
+to Parkersburg, Virginia—the state of West Virginia
+had not then been formed—being the first Union force
+to occupy that place. Col. Steadman took possession
+without meeting any opposition worthy of mention. It
+was now reasonably certain that the artillery would
+very soon follow to take part in the campaign. Every
+man was directed to hold himself ready to be up and
+away at a moment’s notice.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_III">CHAPTER III.<br>
+<span class="smcap fs70">The Campaign in Western Virginia.</span></h2>
+</div>
+
+<p>Picturesque dreams of mighty conflicts and fields of
+glory disturbed the slumbers of those in Camp Putnam
+during the night of May 27th. Nor were they far out of
+the way, for before another sunset, part of the artillery
+would be en route for “the front.” Early on the morning
+of the 28th a telegraph messenger handed to Colonel Barnett
+a dispatch which read as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Parkersburg Va., May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Send immediately to this place two companies of
+artillery, with their pieces, horses, and three hundred
+rounds of ammunition.</p>
+
+<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Colonel Fourteenth Reg’t, O. V. M.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett answered this telegram, informing
+Colonel Steadman that the battery was entirely destitute
+of ammunition for field service. A supply was hourly
+expected and upon its arrival the detachment would be
+sent forward with all possible dispatch. In the afternoon
+Colonel Steadman replied as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Parkersburg. Va., May 28. 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>If you can send two of your companies with their
+pieces do so at once. The presence of the men and guns
+will have a good effect. Send forward as many of the
+Eighteenth Ohio Infantry as are armed and equipped.
+I want them to garrison this place. These are General
+McClellan’s instructions.</p>
+
+<p class="right">JAMES B. STEADMAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Col. Com’d Fourteenth Ohio.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>During this day there was a fusillade of telegrams
+from all sources, among which were the following:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Two hundred rounds of solid shot and one hundred<span class="pagenum" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</span>
+rounds of canister will be shipped to you from Columbus
+this evening. As soon as you receive it detach two
+pieces with an officer and complement of men with ammunition
+to go forward and report to Col. Steadman at
+the burned bridge on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
+beyond Parkersburg.</p>
+
+<p class="right">G. B. McCLELLAN,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Major General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Columbus, Ohio, May 28, 1861.</p>
+<p class="no-indent">To Col. Barnett:</p>
+
+<p>Obey implicitly every order from General McClellan.
+Telegraph me when you move a company. Keep me advised
+of all your movements. Clothing and supplies go
+by your Quartermaster.</p>
+
+<p class="right">H. B. CARRINGTON,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These telegrams kept the members of the Battery in a
+continual fever of excitement, which grew hotter every
+hour. In reply to Colonel Steadman’s second dispatch
+Colonel Barnett telegraphed him the substance of General
+McClellan’s dispatch, and informed him that the two
+companies would go forward the next day. Camp Putnam
+was greatly disturbed by the question as to which
+two of the six companies should constitute this detachment.
+All were eager to go, apparently saddened by the
+thought that this, their first, might be their last, and
+only chance to get an experimental knowledge of what
+war was. The military career of the four companies
+which stayed behind would terminate in an inglorious
+journey home, the war over and no laurels crowning
+their brows. Colonel Barnett selected Companies D,
+Captain Rice, and F, Captain Kenny, as the fortunate
+ones. They were ordered to be ready to embark early on
+the following day. The detachment was placed in command
+of Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges.</p>
+
+<p>The ammunition arrived early next morning. Companies
+D and F, with their guns, horses, and equipments
+complete, were soon on board a special steamboat and left
+in high spirits, replying with great gusts to the parting<span class="pagenum" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</span>
+cheers of their chopfallen comrades who remained. On
+reaching Parkersburg, May 29—11 p. m., about twelve
+miles down the river from Marietta, it was found that
+Colonel Steadman, to whom Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges
+had been ordered to report with the detachment, had advanced
+some distance beyond that place on the line of the
+Baltimore &amp; Ohio Railroad, where his command was engaged
+in repairing bridges which the retreating enemy
+had destroyed. The artillery detachment pushed on
+promptly and joined him May 30—12 M. At last they
+were on the “sacred soil” of a seceded state, ready to send
+the echoes of their guns reverberating among the Virginia
+hills. The Fourteenth Ohio boys gave the artillerymen
+a rousing reception, greeting them with loud and
+oft-repeated cheers.</p>
+
+<p>At this time Colonel George A. Porterfield was in command
+of the rebel forces in that part of Virginia, with
+his headquarters at Grafton. The loyal sentiment in
+Western Virginia was very strong. Those who favored
+secession were in a decided minority. It was deemed
+of the highest importance to the Union cause to occupy
+the territory as fast and as securely as possible, thus affording
+encouragement and protection to the loyal people
+and holding that section from being dragged into the
+vortex of rebellion, clearly against the will of the great
+majority of the people.</p>
+
+<p>The Confederate authorities were equally anxious to
+retain possession to recruit their armies, secure the
+supplies which the country afforded, and bring every possible
+influence to bear upon the people to induce them to
+cast their fortunes with the South. To this end Colonel
+Porterfield, upon assuming command a few days prior
+to Steadman’s occupation of Parkersburg, had issued a
+high-flown proclamation to the people of Western Virginia.
+In sounding phrase he called upon them to stand
+by their state and urged them to fill up the Confederate
+ranks and assist in protecting their firesides from the
+ravage of the invader. He assured them that not a foot<span class="pagenum" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</span>
+of Virginia soil should be surrendered to the hated
+“Yankees,” though it took every drop of blood in his
+veins. A few days later he and such of his soldiers as
+were not killed or captured were leaving tracks behind
+them with the utmost diligence, in their efforts to escape
+from their blue-coated pursuers.</p>
+
+<p>General McClellan was in command of all the Union
+forces in that department. He planned the campaign
+and directed the movements that were so successful during
+the early days of the war. The services rendered by
+the three months’ men in Western Virginia were of inestimable
+value to the government, even though the
+amount of blood actually shed on either side was not
+large when compared with the copious streams that reddened
+the earth before the war was finished. The
+“battles” of those days would have ranked only as
+skirmishes when the great conflict was at its height,
+when mighty armies met and thousands upon thousands
+were slain or wounded in a single day. But history has
+justly given an enduring fame to those who sprang to
+arms at the first call, and by their promptness and gallantry
+saved Western Virginia to the Union. In this
+campaign the Cleveland Light Artillery bore a most
+honorable part and deserved the high praise which was
+so freely accorded to it.</p>
+
+<p>The force under Colonel Steadman, including the detachment
+of the Cleveland Light Artillery, advanced
+rapidly along the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, moving
+by train with occasional stops for the repair of bridges
+and culverts. With such celerity was this accomplished
+that on June 1—4 a. m., Clarksburg was reached,
+about eighty miles east of Parkersburg. There
+was occasional skirmishing on the way, and a few prisoners
+were picked up, but no action of moment took place.
+The enemy retreated at all points before the advance
+of the Union force. On May 30th Grafton was occupied,
+without loss of life, by a force under Colonel B. F. Kelley,
+First Virginia (Union) Volunteers, which made a rapid<span class="pagenum" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</span>
+movement from Wheeling and secured a safe lodgment
+at this important point. The rebels evacuated in mad
+haste upon its approach.</p>
+
+<p>The rebel forces which had been driven out of Clarksburg
+and Grafton fell back to Philippi, some thirty miles
+south of Grafton. Here they made a stand and announced
+their determination to fight. It was at once
+decided to give them an opportunity to do so. An immediate
+advance of the Union forces upon that place was
+ordered. It was desirable to again strike the enemy
+before he should have time to fortify and otherwise
+strengthen his position. The rebel commander was calling
+loudly for reinforcements and it was deemed of
+the utmost importance to keep him on the run before his
+force should be so augmented as to outnumber the Union
+troops. The greatest energy was displayed in the movement
+on Philippi. Steadman, with five companies of the
+Fourteenth Ohio Infantry and Companies D and F of
+the Cleveland Artillery, was ordered by rail to Webster,
+within 12 miles of Grafton, and the nearest point to
+Philippi. To reach the latter, a rapid march of fifteen
+miles was to be made. Steadman’s command moved
+from Clarksburg to Webster on the 2nd of June. Artillery
+in command of Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Sturges. At
+the same time another column was advancing on Philippi
+from Grafton, under Colonel Kelley. The whole expedition
+was in command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris,
+Colonel Lamb acting as staff officer for General
+McClellan.</p>
+
+<p>It is now necessary to go back to Marietta and see
+what has become of the four companies of the artillery
+which remained grumbling in Camp Putnam when
+Lieutenant-Colonel Sturges went with the detachment to
+join Steadman. The impatient patriots did not have long
+to wait. One more night in camp, and then came a summons
+that electrified them. The four companies, with all
+the goods, chattels and other appurtenances thereto belonging,
+embarked on a steamboat and went with all speed<span class="pagenum" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</span>
+to Benwood, on the Virginia side of the river opposite
+Bellaire, and not far from Wheeling. The trip of sixty-five
+miles was made in a few hours and the happy Clevelanders
+set their feet for the first time within the confines
+of Dixie’s Land. Barnett reported to General Morris
+and was directed to move his command at once by
+rail to Grafton, where the four guns were attached to
+the column to be led by Kelley in the advance upon
+Philippi. The infantry force consisted of portions of
+Kelley’s regiment, the First Virginia, the North Indiana,
+Colonel Milroy, and the Sixteenth Ohio, Colonel Irvine.
+This column was ordered by rail to Thornton, a few miles
+east of Grafton, from which point the march to Philippi
+was to be made. The route was four or five miles longer
+than that to be traversed by the co-operating force to
+advance from Webster.</p>
+
+<p>General Morris said in his order to Colonel Kelley prescribing
+the details of the movement, dated Grafton,
+June 2d, 1861: You must regulate your march according
+to your own discretion, and your bivouac or rest at
+night in such manner that you are sure of coming before
+the town of Philippi as near 4 o’clock tomorrow morning
+as possible. Should you this evening receive certain
+information that the rebels have retreated eastward
+from Philippi, you will make the resting time of your
+troops as short as possible, in order to follow them up
+with all the speed the strength of your troops will allow.</p>
+
+<p>The right attacking column was under the command
+of Colonel Dumont, Seventh Indiana Volunteers, to
+which the force of Steadman had been joined, with part
+of the Sixth Indiana, Colonel Crittenden. The following
+is the order of General Morris to Colonel Dumont:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center">Headquarters U. S. Volunteers,</p>
+
+<p class="right">Grafton, W. Va., June 2, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent">Colonel Dumont,</p>
+<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Comdg. Seventh Reg’t Indiana Vols., near Grafton,<br>
+<span style="margin-left: 3em;">Va.:</span></p>
+
+<p>Colonel: You will proceed by railroad this evening<span class="pagenum" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</span>
+at 8:30 o’clock to Webster with eight companies of your
+regiment. At Webster you will be Joined by Colonel
+Steadman with five companies of his regiment and two
+field pieces of Ohio artillery, also by Colonel Crittenden
+with six companies of his regiment. From Webster you
+will, with this command, march on Philippi, using your
+own discretion in the conduct of the march, keeping in
+view that you should arrive in front of the town at 4
+o’clock precisely tomorrow morning.</p>
+
+<p>Information is received that the rebels are in some
+force at Philippi. The object of your column will be to
+divert attention until the attack is made by Colonel
+Kelley, and should resistance be offered you are to aid
+him to the extent of your ability. In the conduct of your
+column you must use your discretion, being governed
+by such circumstances as may occur. When joined by
+Colonel Kelley the whole force will be under his command.</p>
+
+<p>The companies of your command will take two full
+days’ rations. Should you receive instructions from
+Colonel Kelley that the rebels have retreated, you will
+join him at once and act under his command.</p>
+
+<p>By command of Brigadier-General T. A. Morris:</p>
+
+<p class="right">JOHN A. STEIN.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+Acting Assistant Adjutant General.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The intention was to surprise the rebels and the
+movement was admirably planned and carried out to
+effect this result. This force, leaving after dark, had
+reasonable assurance of reaching the enemy in advance
+of any information from their friends and, as events
+proved, did so. The advance was favored by the extreme
+darkness of the night and a continuous fall of rain.
+These circumstances contributed in no small degree to
+the complete success of the expedition, but they were
+rough enough on the raw soldiers who made their first
+march under such dismal conditions.</p>
+
+<p>All night, through the darkness and drenching rain,
+the two columns pushed on, over roads so rough and
+muddy that they were in some places almost impassable
+to artillery. It was only by the aid of the men who
+swarmed around the carriages and put their hands to the
+wheels, that the panting horses were able to drag guns<span class="pagenum" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</span>
+and caissons. To the volunteers, that night was a baptism
+indeed. They tried bravely to keep up their spirits as
+they trudged along through mud and water and stumbled
+over the roots and stumps and stones that lay in their
+pathway. It was so dark that a man could scarcely see
+his file leader. That nocturnal experience knocked the
+poetry and romance out of “soldiering” with a suddenness
+and completeness that was paralyzing. Most of
+these men “followed the flag” during the long years of
+war. They passed through many such unspeakably
+wretched nights and days, but nothing afterward seemed
+to equal in misery those weary hours of floundering
+through the mire, with benumbed limbs and soaked and
+dripping garments during that night march to Philippi.</p>
+
+<p>There was no postponement of the engagement on
+account of the weather, and promptly at the appointed
+hour, 4 a. m., the two columns were in communication
+before the town. Like most of the so-called “towns” in
+the South in those days, it wasn’t much of a place,
+though the county seat of Barbour county. It had a
+shabby courthouse, a still more shabby hotel, a few
+houses in which the Philippians lived, and a name—that
+was all.</p>
+
+<p>The necessary dispositions for an attack were promptly
+and carefully made, with the object of capturing the
+entire rebel force, whatever it might be. At daylight
+the troops, which had nearly surrounded the town in
+order to “let no guilty man escape,” closed in from different
+directions to spring the trap that had been set.
+The early morning visitation was a complete surprise
+to the rebels. There were a few sleepy pickets posted
+at isolated points, several of which were taken in before
+they had fairly got their eyes open. At length a few of
+them sufficiently collected their scattered wits to fire off
+their guns and then break for the town. This alarmed
+the main body of the Confederate forces and in an instant
+the direst confusion prevailed. Colonel Porterfield
+and his staff had their headquarters at the hotel and<span class="pagenum" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</span>
+were yet asleep when the alarm was given. Hastily
+throwing on their clothes they quickly mounted their
+horses and dashed around endeavoring to learn what the
+trouble was all about.</p>
+
+<p>The Union forces pressed rapidly forward on the heels
+of the retreating pickets. The whistling of bullets told
+the rebels that they must fight or run and that the decision
+must be made at once. In the light of subsequent
+evidence it may be considered likely that Colonel Porterfield
+was willing to fight, but the Confederate soldiers
+deemed it best to run, and they did. They stood not
+upon the order of their going but went at once and with
+the utmost precipitation. It was a regular “skedaddle,”
+to use a word that was current in war times.</p>
+
+<p>The Cleveland artillerymen had an opportunity to use
+their guns and they made the most of it, to the extent of
+sixteen rounds. Although sharing fully in the wild excitement
+of the first meeting with the enemy they served
+their pieces with a coolness and skill that elicited from
+those in command words of the highest praise. (It is
+a matter of record that their missiles took off the leg of
+one soldier, the first casualty by artillery fire in the field
+done by the Union forces, but it is undeniably true that
+the roar of their guns and the plunging shot greatly
+aided in demoralizing the rebels and accelerating the
+speed with which they sought a safe place far in the
+rear.)</p>
+
+<p>The rebels fled in wild dismay, utterly heedless of the
+efforts of their officers to stem the tide of disaster. They
+had barely time to get away, and left behind them a large
+quantity of supplies and material of war which had
+been collected. The rear end of the disorganized rebel
+procession had not disappeared when Colonel Kelley’s
+column came in sight. His advance dashed after the
+enemy, himself at the head, and there was a brisk skirmish.
+It did not last long, however, as the rebels fled
+out of range at the earliest possible moment. None of
+the Union soldiers were killed. A few were wounded,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</span>
+and among them the gallant Colonel Kelley, who received
+a pistol shot in the breast, which incapacitated him from
+duty for some weeks. Prolonged pursuit of the fleeing
+foe was impossible, owing to the extremely exhausted
+condition of the men after their all-night march in the
+storm, while the rebels were fresh and able to get off
+at a speed that defied successful competition. The command
+of the Union forces devolved upon Colonel Dumont.</p>
+
+<p>The Confederate Colonel Porterfield and his staff had
+been living in fine style at the village “tavern.” A good
+breakfast had been prepared for them by “mine host,”
+but the latter suddenly found himself entertaining unbidden
+and wholly unexpected guests. The inordinate
+haste with which the rebel commander and his official
+family evacuated the town would not permit them to
+partake of that breakfast, and it was eaten, with profoundly
+thankful hearts—and stomachs—by a company
+of Union officers.</p>
+
+<p>The following is an extract from the official report of
+the affair, made to General McClellan by General
+Morris:</p>
+
+<p>“The enemy was entirely off his guard and was completely
+surprised, as the reports of those engaged in the
+attack attest. The failure to capture the entire rebel
+force can only be attributed to the storm during the
+night. This unforeseen misfortune served to call forth
+an endurance seldom exhibited, and I feel that the heroism
+of officers and men was as truly displayed in a march
+of fifteen miles in pitchy darkness, drenching rain, and
+over a mountainous country as in the irresistible attack
+and hot pursuit of the discomfited enemy. The last five
+miles of Colonel Dumont’s column was made in one hour
+and a quarter. Many men fainted and were left on the
+road. Others threw away their haversacks and provisions
+to keep up, rushing forward with a determination
+that showed what spirit animated the command. I
+regard it as remarkable that under such circumstances<span class="pagenum" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</span>
+the two columns were but fifteen minutes apart at the
+time assigned for their meeting. An able reconnoissance
+in advance of Colonel Dumont’s column was made by
+Colonel F. W. Lauder, whose voluntary aid I gladly accepted,
+and to whose advice and assistance I am greatly
+indebted. The immediate direction of the artillery was
+confided to him. After the bridge was taken he pressed
+forward and joined Colonel Kelley, rode into the enemy’s
+ranks and captured the prisoner reported to have shot
+Colonel Kelley. He had great difficulty in restraining
+the Virginia volunteers from summarily dispatching
+the man, who was a noted secessionist and a quartermaster
+of the rebel forces.</p>
+
+<p>“From the reports of Colonel Dumont (who, by reason
+of the fall of Colonel Kelley, had command), you will
+perceive there is much difficulty in making an accurate
+statement of the enemy’s losses. The killed are estimated
+at from fifteen to forty, which were carried off it
+is supposed by friends, during the confusion incident to
+the pursuit of the enemy. A large amount of camp
+equipage, provisions, arms, wagons, horses and medical
+stores were captured, an inventory of which will be made
+as soon as possible.”</p>
+
+<p>When the tidings reached Cleveland of the “battle”
+and the creditable manner in which the “boys” had
+acquitted themselves, they were regarded as the heroes
+of the hour—warriors of the first magnitude. It was
+Cleveland’s first record under fire and the citizens felt
+a justifiable pride in the honorable part borne by their
+representatives in almost the first engagement of the
+war.</p>
+
+<p>That the action at Philippi was not more sanguinary
+was not the fault of the Union soldiers. If the rebels had
+stayed no doubt there would have been a warm engagement.
+It takes two parties to get up a fight, and when
+one of them “runs away” in order that he may
+“live to fight another day,” there is no alternative but
+to postpone the battle until that day comes around. But<span class="pagenum" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</span>
+it was a clear and unquestionable victory, if it wasn’t
+a very big one. It was memorable as being the first
+field guns fired on the Union side in the Civil War.
+It was hailed through the North with loud
+acclaim. The newspapers teemed with praise of
+the gallant men who won it, and the mails were burdened
+with letters of congratulation and compliment
+from friends at home. It showed that the raw volunteers
+from the North had that endurance and pluck of
+which soldiers are made; it did much to prick the bubble
+of idle boasting that one Southern man could whip five
+“Yankees.” Indeed, it rather looked as though it was
+the Southern soldiers who would not fight, and some
+people believed, after Philippi, that the war was about
+over. Some of the victorious blue-coats thought so and
+they felt an exceeding great joy that they had been
+permitted to participate in the action that was the death-blow
+to the rebellion.</p>
+
+<p>The satisfaction that filled loyal hearts everywhere
+was only equaled by the apprehension and alarm in the
+South that were caused by even so trifling a defeat as
+this. Especially was this true of the Confederate forces
+in Western Virginia, which were for a time in an almost
+hopeless state of demoralization. One point after
+another was being seized and held by the Union troops;
+regiments from Ohio and Indiana were hurrying forward
+to reinforce them, and there seemed little hope of being
+able to dislodge them from that part of the state. After
+the disaster at Philippi frantic dispatches were sent to
+the civil and military authorities at Richmond, representing
+the Confederate cause in that section to be in a
+desperate condition, and urging immediate and decisive
+steps to reorganize and reinforce the army, unless Western
+Virginia was to be abandoned to the enemy. It
+will not be out of place here to give one or two extracts
+from the correspondence which took place at this time
+between rebel officials in Western Virginia and at Richmond.
+Under date of June 6th, 1861, Major M. G. Harman,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</span>
+commanding at Staunton, wrote to General Robert
+E. Lee:</p>
+
+<p>“From all the information that I have received I am
+pained to have to express my conviction that Colonel Porterfield
+is entirely unequal to the position which he occupies.
+The affair at Philippi was a disgraceful surprise,
+occurring about daylight, there being no picket or guard
+of any kind on duty. The only wonder is that our men
+were not cut to pieces. They were all asleep and were
+only aroused by the firing of the enemy. The safety of the
+Northwest and of our inexperienced soldiers depends
+upon an immediate change of commanders, and giving
+the command to a bold and experienced leader. * * *
+* * I would again urge rapid reinforcements to regain
+possession of the Northwest, and that I may receive from
+you authority to call out and arm the companies from
+all the valley counties and send them to that quarter
+instead of their going, as heretofore directed, to their
+different rendezvous. Send up five thousand flint-lock
+muskets from Richmond and I will have them overhauled
+and put in order for use.”</p>
+
+<p>On the same day Major Harman sent a communication
+to Colonel Porterfield in which he said:</p>
+
+<p>“Tomorrow I shall send you a field battery, accompanied
+by cavalry and infantry, which will be joined by
+other troops on the way and the whole force will report
+to you at Beverly. On the day following from two to
+three thousand troops will be sent to you by President
+Davis from Richmond. I have received a telegraphic
+dispatch from the Commander-in-Chief of our army,
+saying: “Send a messenger to tell Colonel Porterfield to
+be valiant and maintain his ground until relief reaches
+him. Send him supplies if he wants them.” Having received
+no official communication from you, but learning
+from private sources, since the disaster to our arms at
+Philippi, that you are almost without ammunition, I
+have determined to send you a supply by express.”</p>
+
+<p>When Porterfield and his men left Philippi they did<span class="pagenum" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</span>
+not stop running until they reached Huttonsville, nearly
+forty miles southward, and near Beverly, in Randolph
+county. From his headquarters there Porterfield wrote
+on June 9th to Colonel R. S. Garnett, Adjutant General
+of the Virginia forces at Richmond:</p>
+
+<p>“My force is not only deficient in drill but ignorant,
+both officers and men, of the most ordinary duties of the
+soldier. With efficient drill officers they might be made
+effective; but I have to complain that the field officers
+sent to command these men are of no assistance to me,
+and are, for the most part, as ignorant of their duties
+as the company officers, and they as ignorant as the
+men. I hope, if I am continued in command, that good
+staff officers may be sent me to aid in organizing this
+raw force, than which there is none more so now in the
+service. * * * It is necessary that at least five
+thousand well-drilled men should be sent at once, as the
+enemy’s army is being daily reinforced; and if aid is not
+soon sent it will be impossible to keep the open field,
+even as a mere corps of observation, but we will have
+to retire to the mountains, where it will be most difficult,
+if not impossible, to provision even this small
+force.”</p>
+
+<p>On June 11th Porterfield again wrote to Colonel Garnett
+and asked for a chance to redeem himself:</p>
+
+<p>“The enemy remains at Philippi where they are reported
+to have about five thousand men and are fortifying
+themselves. The same number are said to be at
+Grafton. From five hundred to one thousand are said
+to be at Cheat River Bridge and other forces are stationed
+at different points on the railroads. * * * A
+regiment from Tennessee is expected here tomorrow,
+having in charge, as I am informed, some pieces of
+heavy artillery. No pieces heavier than 6-pounders
+should be sent to this country until some position is
+selected to be fortified and a strong and reliable infantry
+force is sent to support it. * * * The percussion
+caps sent have nearly all been of small size, for<span class="pagenum" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</span>
+shot-guns, and not large enough for muskets. As reinforcements
+are now expected, and we shall have active
+service in this part of the state, I desire to be continued
+on duty here. It was not until after repeated
+calls for aid, and when left with a small militia force
+entirely unprepared for the field, that I asked for duty
+elsewhere.”</p>
+
+<p>But the Confederate authorities did not intend to have
+any more Philippis if they could avoid it by a change of
+commanders. On June 13th General Lee wrote from
+Richmond to Porterfield, informing him that Garnett
+had been promoted to Brigadier General and had been
+sent to take command in Northwestern Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>A court of inquiry was created to inquire into the
+conduct of Porterfield at Philippi and the causes which
+led to the inglorious defeat and rout of the Confederate
+force. The court made an exhaustive investigation and
+submitted, on May 4, 1861, a lengthy report thereupon.
+A few extracts from this document will be read with
+interest by those who had a hand in the game:</p>
+
+<p>“* * * On the morning of the day just indicated, at
+between daybreak and sunrise, this command was attacked
+and taken by surprise; no alarm or intimation
+of the enemy’s approach having been given by the
+guard or infantry pickets until the enemy was within
+some four hundred yards of the place, and had commenced
+the fire from his artillery. It is shown that a
+main and picket guard, as strong as was consistent with
+the effective infantry force present, was regularly detailed
+and posted at distances sufficiently far out to
+accomplish the object in view, provided they knew and
+did their duty, which latter is strongly to be suspected,
+from the fact that, although in advance, they failed to
+give any intimation of the enemy’s approach—a conclusion
+which is strengthened by the report of the mounted
+officers out with the scouting parties on the night of
+June 2nd, that they had neither seen an infantry picket
+nor been challenged by its sentinels, going from or returning<span class="pagenum" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</span>
+to the town that night. It appears that immediately
+upon the arrival of the command at Philippi
+the officer in command, Colonel Porterfield, took measures
+to place his force, which was raw and new in
+service, under a course of instruction, and to select
+those in his opinion best fitted to instruct the sentinels
+and guards in their duties. The testimony shows that,
+while there was a certain degree of confusion in some
+quarters, a portion of the command moved from the
+town in good order, and that the whole force, nearly,
+after passing some distance, was reformed and proceeded
+in order.</p>
+
+<p>“It is shown in the evidence that an expectation of
+attack or movement on Philippi, shortly to be made, was
+generally entertained among the officers and others of
+the command, and that intelligence (how well founded
+is not known) was brought from time to time of the
+strength and supposed intent of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>“The testimony sets forth that this had so far produced
+its effect as to induce the officer in command to
+call a meeting of his officers; that the result of their
+consultations and deliberations was an almost if not entirely
+unanimous decision in favor of immediate retreat;
+that when Colonel Porterfield returned to the room
+(from which he had been absent a short time), their
+opinion was conveyed to him, to which he seemed loath
+to accede; yet, determined to make a further examination
+of the ammunition on hand, and to prepare the
+baggage and train for removal at a moment’s notice.”</p>
+
+<p>Here follow several points in which, according to the
+judgment of this court, the commanding officer “erred.”
+General R. E. Lee, in reviewing the case, approved the
+finding of the court and said:</p>
+
+<p>“The commanding general remarks with pleasure upon
+the coolness, self-possession, courage and energy displayed
+by Colonel Porterfield at the moment of attack;
+but he cannot exonerate him from blame in not taking
+proper precautionary measures beforehand. Yet, in<span class="pagenum" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</span>
+consideration of all the circumstances of the case, he
+does not think it necessary to do more than to express
+the opinion of the court, in the hope that the sad effects
+produced by the want of forethought and vigilance,
+exhibited in this case, will be a lesson to be remembered
+by the army throughout the war.”</p>
+
+<p>After the action at Philippi came a season of inaction.
+The available Union force was not deemed sufficient to
+make a further advance without too great risk of defeat,
+which would put in imminent jeopardy all the advantage
+that had been gained. For a month the troops lay quietly
+at Philippi, detachments being stationed to guard the
+bridges on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The headquarters
+of the Cleveland Artillery were at Philippi, but
+the companies were scattered, some of them, with their
+guns, doing duty with the bridge guards. There were
+constant rumors of active service ahead and of impending
+attacks by the enemy, but none of them appeared to
+have any foundation in fact, for the weeks passed without
+any of “war’s alarms” of a serious nature.</p>
+
+<p>During the latter part of June General Henry A. Wise
+became a prominent factor in Confederate operations in
+Western Virginia. At the head of a considerable force
+he threatened an attack upon Philippi. As the Fourth of
+July drew near a report came to be currently believed
+that on that day he would attempt to retake the place.
+All arrangements possible for defense were made.
+Neither officers nor soldiers had yet learned much about
+fortifying, in the art of which they became so skilled at
+a later day, but some rude works had been thrown up
+which promised to be serviceable and “handy” in case
+of attack. Part of the guns of the Cleveland Artillery
+were kept in position where it was thought they might
+do the most good if there came a rebel visitation. A
+strong and vigilant picket guard was maintained to prevent
+anything in the nature of a surprise.</p>
+
+<p>Most of the soldiers were in a sad plight as to clothing.
+Especially was this true of the members of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</span>
+Cleveland Artillery. Much of the wretchedly poor,
+shoddy clothing received by them at Camp Putnam had
+literally fallen to pieces. The men were actually in rags.
+Some of them went around during those warm July
+days with only drawers to cover the nakedness of their
+nether limbs. They looked more like a congregation of
+beggars than patriotic American citizens engaged in the
+work of saving the country. That pestilent insect, the
+“grayback,” made its appearance and was soon on terms
+of the closest intimacy with them. Probably not one
+in twenty of these innocent young men had ever seen
+one of these things before. Most of them did not even
+know that this carnivorous bug had an existence in the
+wide and variegated realm of animated nature. But it
+did not take them long to become extensively acquainted
+with him.</p>
+
+<p>Patriotic emotions were active as the “Glorious
+Fourth” drew near, and although the American Eagle
+seemed to be in a bad way just then, it was determined
+to have a fitting celebration of the day, whether or not
+Wise kept his reputed engagement. Notwithstanding
+their dilapidated condition the members of the artillery
+entered into the matter with great gusto. The arrangements
+were made by a committee consisting of Colonels
+Dumont, Sixth Indiana, Milroy, Ninth Indiana, Lieutenant
+Colonel Dickey, Fifteenth Ohio, “Bob” McCook,
+Ninth Ohio, Barnett, Cleveland Light Artillery, and
+others. During the month previous the Union forces
+had been augmented by several additional regiments, as
+designated above.</p>
+
+<p>An elaborate program was made out, which included
+speeches, music, both vocal and instrumental, and, of
+course, the reading of that patriotic but somewhat musty
+and dusty old document, the Declaration of Independence.
+This always has been, and probably always will
+be, considered an essential factor in a Fourth of July
+celebration, under any and all circumstances, although
+nobody ever listens to it, or can remember, five minutes<span class="pagenum" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</span>
+after a single word of what it contains. In casting
+about for a person who could read this ponderous paper
+with fitting dignity and impressiveness the committee
+decided upon Warren P. Edgarton, then a private of
+Company D, Cleveland Light Artillery, who had won
+some reputation as an elocutionist, and he was promptly
+detailed for this duty.</p>
+
+<p>Edgarton was in sore distress of mind over the condition
+of his wardrobe. He hadn’t any clothes to speak of,
+and half the time was running around camp with only
+a ragged shirt and a pair of drawers. He had a fine
+physique and would tip the beam at about a hundred and
+eighty. He had a sort of artillery jacket but it was
+three sizes too small, and when he crowded himself into
+it he looked and felt like a woman wearing a tightly
+laced corset; so that he didn’t put it on except on state
+occasions, when his usual <em>negligee</em> uniform would be
+considered a gross and violent breach of army regulations.
+He had a pair of shoes that were three sizes too
+large for even his substantial and well-developed feet,
+in which he would go sloshing around camp. At night
+he used to “park” his shoes outside, as there wasn’t
+room for them in the tent, without crowding everybody
+out. He wore on his head a little cap which, never
+within an inch of his size, had so shrunk and shriveled
+under the demoralizing influence of sun and storm that
+it only lay upon the top of his head, looking not much
+bigger than a postage stamp. All in all he was a startling
+and picturesque object to stand before a crowd of
+raging patriots and read the Declaration of Independence.</p>
+
+<p>Something had to be done to get him into presentable
+shape for the occasion. The honor and credit of the
+Artillery were at stake. It would be an insult to the
+“Spirit of Seventy-six” for such a half-naked tatterdemalion
+to get up and pronounce the thundering sentences
+of Thomas Jefferson. So Colonel Barnett, Captain
+Rice and others whose pride was stirred began to forage<span class="pagenum" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</span>
+through the town for some clothes that would adorn
+Edgarton’s shapely form and redound to the credit of
+the Battery. A black claw-hammer dress coat was
+found after a long search and the owner consented to
+loan it for the occasion. This was supplemented by
+broadcloth trousers, a hat belonging to one of the officers
+and a pair of fancy, high-heeled boots. The latter
+one of the boys had brought along from home, with a
+vague idea that they would be useful to him in putting
+down the rebellion. They were not large enough for
+Edgarton’s feet, but he contrived to squeeze into them
+at the last moment and to endure their pinching while
+he was doing his part in “letting the eagle scream.”</p>
+
+<p>There had been considerable difficulty in finding a copy
+of the Declaration. The Philippians of Western Virginia
+were not a literary folk, and few of them appeared
+ever to have heard of it. At length a copy was found,
+in a musty law book at the courthouse.</p>
+
+<p>Edgarton was greeted with hearty applause as he
+mounted the platform. This was followed by general
+laughter at his unique appearance. Such another “makeup”
+was never seen in the army, before nor since, in this
+or any other country. But he read the Declaration of
+Independence in fine style and was tremendously
+cheered. Lieutenant Colonel Geo. B. Este, of the Fourteenth
+Ohio, followed with an admirable address; the
+bands almost blew their heads off; patriotic songs were
+sung; and the celebration was a great success. The
+rebel General Wise failed to show up and nothing interfered
+with the carrying out of the program.</p>
+
+<p>No sooner had the “Glorious Fourth” been fittingly
+and satisfactorily celebrated than the troops were directed
+to prepare at once for another campaign. On
+July 6th General Morris, commanding at Philippi, received
+orders to advance early the following day, occupy
+Belington, fifteen miles southward, and menace the
+enemy, who was in strong position at Laurel Hill, near
+that place. The movement was made promptly, according<span class="pagenum" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</span>
+to the plan. The writer has before him a yellow,
+ink-stained paper, a memento of the advance from
+Philippi. It is endorsed “Programme, march to Laurel
+Hill,” and announces the following order of the procession,
+the words in brackets being supplied for explanatory
+purposes:</p>
+
+<p class="center">
+First Virginia, four companies.<br>
+Milroy [Ninth Indiana].<br>
+Steadman, First Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>
+Barnett, four pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>
+Steadman, Second Battalion [Fourteenth Ohio].<br>
+Barnett, two pieces [Cleveland Light Artillery]<br>
+First Virginia, two companies.<br>
+Dumont [Seventh Indiana].<br>
+Headquarters<br>
+Fulton<br>
+Dickey [Fifteenth Ohio].<br>
+Crittenden [Sixth Indiana].<br>
+Ammunition wagons.<br>
+Band.<br>
+Four caissons, two guns [Cleveland Light Artillery].<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>It will be observed that both front and rear were well
+protected by artillery. The commanding general prudently
+sandwiched his headquarters in the center of the
+column. We must also admire the tender solicitude
+for the safety of the band, as shown by its position as
+far as possible from the front and flanked by two guns
+and four caissons of Barnett’s artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The march was begun about midnight. The movement
+was rapid and at daylight the skirmishers struck the
+rebel pickets near Belington. A section of the artillery
+was immediately ordered to the front and a few shells
+were tossed among the enemy’s outposts, with most demoralizing
+effect. The Union skirmishes, well supported,
+quickly pushed the pickets back to the main line,
+which was strongly fortified. Some of the pickets
+showed fight at first and there was a brisk skirmish, in
+which the Cleveland Artillery suffered its first casualty.
+George W. Tillotson, of Company D, caught a musket
+ball in the groin. He received every possible attention<span class="pagenum" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</span>
+and as soon as circumstances would permit was sent to
+the rear. He finally reached his home in Cleveland but
+never fully recovered, dying from the effects of his
+wound, a few years later. He was the first man from
+Cleveland to shed his blood in the Union cause.</p>
+
+<p>When the artillery was ordered to move there was the
+greatest activity in preparing for the impending campaign.
+The men were exceedingly anxious to acquit
+themselves with credit, and spared no pains to make the
+battery as effective as possible. The ammunition was
+carefully inspected and put in order, and the guns were
+polished until they shone like mirrors. The men were
+“hard up” for clothing, the supply having been exceedingly
+limited—scanty in quantity and poor in quality.
+Every effort had been made to procure better supplies
+but without success. The state authorities and the
+United States government appeared to be about equally
+neglectful of the needs of the soldiers. Rations were
+generally good and sufficient, and there was little cause
+for complaint on that score.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever occasion offered the artillery served with
+excellent effect. The years of instruction and drill at
+home proved a most valuable school. The skill of the
+gunners in training their pieces and timing shells was
+such as to win for them the warmest commendations.
+The members of the infantry regiment formed a strong
+attachment for the artillerymen. They had an abiding
+faith in the efficacy of Barnett’s cannon, and when engaged
+in any movement seemed to be doubly confident
+if accompanied by a section or two of the artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The order from General McClellan to General Morris
+was to avoid delivering battle at Laurel Hill if possible,
+but to firmly press the enemy at all points and hold him
+in his works, until the co-operating column under General
+Rosecrans should come up and attack in flank and
+rear. Rosecrans struck the rebels at Rich Mountain
+and after a hot fight completely routed them, capturing
+many prisoners and a large quantity of material of war.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</span>
+The confederate defeat at Rich Mountain and the prompt
+advance of General Rosecrans rendered the rebel position
+at Laurel Hill untenable. The enemy abandoned
+it in great haste.</p>
+
+<p>During the few days that the troops under General
+Morris lay at Belington there was constant skirmishing
+with the enemy. Day and night all were kept on the
+alert, and the whistle of bullets began to be a familiar
+sound. The guns of the Cleveland Artillery were advantageously
+posted and were brought into occasional
+use. The men were constantly at their posts. Now and
+then a shell or a solid shot would be sent over to the
+rebels, just to let them know that the “Yankees” were
+still there and wide awake. In an official report dated
+“Headquarters near Belington, Va., July 9, 1861,” General
+Morris says:</p>
+
+<p>“The instructions of the commanding general will be
+carried out, although it is difficult to restrain our men
+from advancing. I hardly know in what terms to convey
+to you their enthusiasm. Their coolness under such
+fire as we have been subjected to (incessant since our
+arrival), is most creditable to them, and establishes beyond
+all question, if proof were needed, that they can
+be relied upon in any emergency. The regiments in advance
+are Milroy’s Ninth Indiana, Barnett’s Artillery,
+Steadman’s Fourteenth Ohio, and Dumont’s Seventh Indiana,
+all of which deserve special mention.”</p>
+
+<p>On July 12th the rebels, having retreated from Belington
+and Laurel Hill during the day and night previous,
+General Morris moved in pursuit. The following
+is an extract from a report made by him dated “Carrick’s
+Ford, Va., July 14, 1861:</p>
+
+<p>“I reported yesterday morning the progress of the
+forces of my command in pursuit of the enemy retreating
+from Laurel Hill. The pursuit was continued
+through the day in the same order as stated in my report
+of yesterday morning, viz.: Steadman’s Fourteenth
+Ohio in advance with two sections of Barnett’s artillery,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</span>
+next Dumont’s Seventh Indiana and Milroy’s Ninth Indiana.
+These regiments started in pursuit from our
+resting place near Leadsville at about 4 o’clock in
+the morning. The remainder of the troops were on the
+march by 5 o’clock a. m. A drizzling rain commenced
+about 6 o’clock, which by 9 became quite heavy.
+The enemy left the main turnpike and turned towards
+Cheat river, crossing two branches of the Laurel mountain
+over a narrow and rough road. Owing to the heavy
+rain the roads were rendered very difficult for the men
+and the few wagons of ammunition and provisions. By
+11 o’clock the rain became a drenching storm and
+so continued for several hours, the roads in the mountains
+becoming almost impassable. At 2 o’clock the
+whole command was up in the position we now occupy.</p>
+
+<p>“The attention of the commanding general is particularly
+called to the gallant bearing of the infantry and
+artillery which led the advance. I would also call attention
+to the fact that the entire command commenced the
+pursuit on a few minutes’ notice, without time to prepare
+even a day’s rations for the haversacks. I ordered
+four wagons to be loaded with hard bread and pork to
+follow the command. These four wagons, with the little
+additional rations put in with the ammunition, are all
+the provisions the command has had since leaving Belington,
+except some beeves procured in this vicinity.</p>
+
+<p>“The march of yesterday was from eighteen to twenty
+miles. When it is considered that we have put to flight
+a force equal to our own, and have pursued the rebels
+night and day for thirty hours, almost without provisions,
+over a mountainous and difficult road, and part
+of the time through a drenching storm, we may feel
+sure that our cause must be successfully maintained by
+men who show such gallant bearing and soldierly endurance.”</p>
+
+<p>Then came the brilliant attack upon the enemy at
+Carrick’s Ford, which resulted in the utter defeat and
+rout of the rebels. Their commander, General Garnett,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</span>
+was among the killed. The story of this important engagement
+cannot be more concisely told than by giving
+almost entire the official report of General H. W. Benham,
+who was in immediate command of the Union
+force. The report was made to General Morris:</p>
+
+<p>“In accordance with your directions, I this morning
+took command of the advance guard of your column, consisting
+of the Fourteenth Ohio, Colonel Steadman, with
+one section of Barnett’s Artillery, the Seventh Indiana,
+Colonel Dumont, and the Ninth Indiana, Colonel Milroy,
+in all about 1,800 men. With this force, as instructed,
+I started from Leadsville at about 4 o’clock a. m. to
+pursue the army of General Garnett, which, consisting,
+as we learned, of 4,000 to 5,000 men and four to six
+cannon, had retreated from the north side of Laurel
+mountain near Belington the day before yesterday.
+It being ascertained that the enemy had retired toward
+the village of New Interest and thence, as was supposed,
+over a mountain road leading to the Shafer Fork, or
+main branch, of the Cheat river, to Saint George. The
+troops were brought rapidly forward on their route, so
+as to reach the entrance of the mountain road—about
+seven miles march—at 6 o’clock. A short distance after
+entering this path the passage was found to be obstructed
+by large trees, recently felled, in about twelve
+to fifteen places, and in nearly every defile for three or
+four miles. Information was from time to time received
+that this force, which had some fifteen hours the start
+of us from Belington, was now only four to five miles
+in advance. This encouraged our efforts, and though
+for nearly the whole time the rain was pouring in torrents
+and the clayey roads were in many places almost
+impassable, the spirit of the troops, without exception,
+as it came under my eye, was such as to bear them most
+rapidly onward under all these trials, super-added to that
+of hunger, with which the greater part of them had
+suffered for the previous fifteen or twenty hours.</p>
+
+<p>At about noon we reached Kaler’s, the first ford of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</span>
+Shafer Branch or main fork of Cheat river, having
+within the previous two or three miles fired at and
+driven in several pickets of the enemy protecting those
+who were forming the barricades, and at one place we
+broke up a camp where the meals were being cooked.
+At the ford near Kaler’s, and at about half the distance
+to another ford, which we afterward met with one mile
+farther on, we saw the baggage train of the enemy,
+apparently at rest. This I proposed to attack as soon as
+strengthened by the arrival of Steadman’s second battalion,
+with Dumont’s regiment, when the thoughtless
+firing of a musket at our ford set the train rapidly in
+motion, and long lines of infantry were formed in order
+of battle to protect it. In a few minutes, however, the
+arrival of Barnett’s artillery, with Dumont close upon it,
+enabled the command to push forward in its original
+order, but the train and its guard had retired, leaving
+only a few skirmishers to meet us at the second ford,
+where, however, quite a rapid firing was kept up by
+the advance regiment, and Barnett’s artillery opened for
+some minutes to more completely clear the adjacent
+woods of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>“We then continued our march rapidly to the ford, and
+as we approached it we came upon the enemy’s train,
+the last half of it just crossing, in the river. The enemy
+was found to have taken a strong position, with his
+infantry and artillery, upon a precipitous bank fifty to
+eighty feet in height, upon the opposite side of the river,
+while our own position was upon the low land, nearly
+level with the river. Steadman’s regiment, in the advance,
+opened fire most gallantly upon them, which was
+immediately returned by their strong force of infantry
+and by their cannon, upon which Barnett’s artillery was
+ordered up and opened upon them with excellent effect.</p>
+
+<p>As I soon perceived a position by which their left
+could be turned, six companies of Colonel Dumont’s
+regiment were ordered to cross the river about three
+hundred yards above them, to pass up the hill obliquely<span class="pagenum" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</span>
+from our right to their left, and take them in rear.
+Owing to some mistake, possibly in the transmission of
+the order, this command crossed about double the
+distance intended and turned at first to their right,
+which delayed the effect of the movement. After some
+fifteen minutes, however, this error was rectified, and,
+the hill being reported as impracticable, this command,
+now increased to the entire regiment, was ordered down
+to the ford, there to take the enemy directly in front at
+the road.</p>
+
+<p>“The firing of Steadman’s regiment and of Milroy’s,
+now well up and in action, with repeated and rapid discharges
+from Barnett’s artillery during this movement,
+decided the action at once. As Dumont reached the
+road, having passed along and under their whole front,
+the firing ceased and the enemy fled in great confusion.
+Dumont’s regiment pursued them for about one mile
+farther, having brisk skirmishing with their rear for
+the first half of that distance, during which General
+Garnett was killed. The enemy would still have been
+followed up most closely, and probably to the capture
+of a large portion of their scattered army, but this was
+absolutely impossible with our fatigued and exhausted
+troops, who had already marched eighteen miles or more,
+in an almost incessant, violent rain, the greater part of
+them without food since the evening and a portion of
+them even from the noon of yesterday, so warm had
+been the pursuit of the enemy on their hasty retreat
+from Laurel Mountain, twenty-six miles distant. The
+troops were, therefore, halted for food and rest at about
+2 p. m.</p>
+
+<p>“The result of the action proves to be the capture of
+about forty loaded wagons and teams, being nearly all
+the enemy’s baggage train, as we learn, and including
+a large portion of new clothing, camp equipage and
+other stores; their headquarter papers and military
+chest; also two stands of colors and one fine rifled piece
+of artillery; while the commanding general, Robert S.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</span>
+Garnett, is killed, his body being now cared for by us,
+and fifteen or twenty more of the enemy are killed and
+nearly fifty prisoners taken. Our own loss is two killed
+and six or seven wounded—one dangerously.</p>
+
+<p>“In concluding this report I feel it my duty to state
+that just as the action was closing, the head regiment
+of the body of troops under yourself, though starting as
+I learn three hours later, the Sixth Indiana, under
+Colonel Crittenden, came upon the field in excellent
+order, but, unfortunately, too late to aid us in the
+battle.</p>
+
+<p>“The conduct of those gallant officers, Colonels Barnett,
+Steadman, Dumont and Milroy, with the steady perseverance
+of their officers and men in their long and arduous
+march, suffering from hunger, rain and cold, with
+their gallantry in action, was most heroic and beyond all
+praise of mine. Their country only can fully appreciate
+and reward their services.”</p>
+
+<p>This was the most important victory that had yet been
+achieved by the Union forces anywhere. It is true that
+very small figures expressed the losses on either side,
+but loyal people everywhere were anxiously watching
+for successes, and the “battle” of Carrick’s Ford threw
+the whole North into a spasm of tempestuous rejoicing.
+The pluck and heroism of the volunteers was lauded to
+the skies—and it may fairly be said that they deserved
+it. The members of the Ohio artillery, with whom this
+chronicle has particularly to do, had added fresh laurels
+to those gained at Philippi and Laurel Hill, and the
+people of Cleveland regarded them in the same light in
+which the world looks upon the Six Hundred who made
+the historic charge at Balaklava. So conspicuous were
+their services and so gallant their bearing that they
+were awarded the cannon captured from the enemy at
+Carrick’s Ford. At the close of the three months’
+service they took this trophy back with them to Cleveland.
+It was placed in the Public Square, where it remaineth
+unto this day, with an inscription upon it that<span class="pagenum" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</span>
+he who runs may read. This inscription, by the way,
+was at first fearfully and wonderfully made. A
+geographical student would be impressed with the fact
+that unless the people of Cleveland could fight better
+than they could spell they wouldn’t capture many cannon
+in that or any other war. The inscription, which
+was put on by somebody who was not within three
+hundred miles of the battle, informed the wayfarer that
+the gun was captured at “Corricke’s Forde.” The atrocious
+orthography greeted the public eye for nearly
+twenty years, when it was corrected, to the great satisfaction
+of the old survivors of the artillery.</p>
+
+<p>The writer has before him the official reports of a
+number of Confederate officers who participated in the
+action at Carrick’s Ford. Naturally they magnify the
+Union force and losses, and in a measure that is ridiculous.
+They place the Union strength at from ten to
+fifteen thousand, their own being but a tenth of
+that number. The “Yankees” are estimated to have had
+on their hands after this action material for one
+hundred and fifty funerals, with one additional loss of
+from two to four hundred wounded. It will be remembered
+that General Benham, in his official report to
+General Morris, states that the Union loss was “two
+killed and six or seven wounded.”</p>
+
+<p>It is interesting to note the extreme caution shown
+at that time by officers and others on the Union side in
+communicating with the rebels. There was an evident
+desire to avoid the slightest word that would appear to
+be a recognition of any official authority, civil or
+military, among the insurgents. It was considered that
+if a rebel general or colonel was addressed as such it
+was a virtual recognition of the power that conferred
+such rank upon him. So, on July 15, General McClellan
+addressed a communication “To the Officer Commanding
+the Forces Commanded by the late Robert S. Garnett,
+Esq., styling himself Brigadier-General Confederate
+States Army.”</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</span></p>
+
+<p>The battle of Carrick’s Ford ended the fighting of the
+Cleveland Artillery in the three months’ service. The
+command moved back to Belington and the artillery
+was ordered to report to General McClellan, who had
+planned an expedition up the Kanawha Valley after the
+rebel General Wise. He warmly complimented Colonel
+Barnett and his men for their valuable services in the
+campaign under General Morris, and expressed an
+earnest wish that they might accompany him up the
+Kanawha. As a matter of fact they had not as yet even
+been mustered into the United States service, and the
+three months for which they were called out had expired.
+But, pursuant to orders, Colonel Barnett reported
+with his command to McClellan at Beverly, where the
+General made a personal appeal to the men to accompany
+his expedition, and nearly all of them expressed a willingness
+to do so. A few days later, before McClellan was
+ready for the Kanawha campaign, came the first real
+battle of the war—that of Bull Run, in Virginia, which
+resulted in the rout of the Union army under McDowell
+and brought to the people of the North an actual
+realization of the fact that they had a war on their
+hands. In the wild excitement that followed this battle
+General McClellan was summoned to Washington to take
+command of the Army of the Potomac and his plans for
+further offensive operations in Western Virginia were
+for the time abandoned.</p>
+
+<p>A week later Colonel Barnett and his “regiment” of
+artillery were ordered to be discharged and started at
+once for Columbus. It should be stated here, to their
+credit, that the citizens of Cleveland had done all in
+their power to contribute to the comfort and wellbeing
+of the command during its service in the field. It has
+already been said that the men were but poorly supplied
+with clothing by the state and national governments,
+for which apparent neglect there was much good reason.
+The three months’ men were called out suddenly and
+pushed to the front to meet a great and pressing emergency.<span class="pagenum" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</span>
+Their services and sacrifices were of inestimable
+value to the country. They secured a permanent lodgment
+at many points beyond the border, and held the
+enemy at bay while the government was getting ready
+for the mighty struggle which followed. The echoes of
+Sumter found the nation totally unprepared for such a
+crisis, and it is not a matter of wonder that the early
+volunteers who, with magnificent patriotism, responded
+so promptly to the call, were but indifferently provided
+for. The people of Cleveland contributed liberally, and
+twice Mr. David Price came to the camp of the artillerymen
+with quantities of clothing, food and delicacies for
+the sick. But for this most highly appreciated kindness
+the boys in the field would have had scarcely so much
+as fig-leaves to cover their nakedness. It is true there
+wasn’t much “uniform” about the garments and they
+were a grotesque appearing lot of men for soldiers, but
+it gave them a comparative degree of comfort and they
+“got there just the same” as if they had been arrayed in
+all the gorgeous trappings of martial splendor. All the
+greater honor was theirs because they served so faithfully
+and well and bore without complaint the discomforts
+and privations inseparable from a campaign in such
+a country and under such circumstances.</p>
+
+<p>In due time, with little delay <em>en route</em>, the artillery
+reached Columbus, homeward bound. The tanned and
+ragged volunteers, fresh from fields of glory, were welcomed
+with great enthusiasm at the state capital. They
+had done well their part and their fame had gone before
+them, losing nothing in its travels. They were looked
+upon as the saviors of their country and people of every
+grade and rank were proud to do them honor.</p>
+
+<p>It may well be imagined that the boys were in a hurry
+to get home, and the formalities necessary to their release
+were hurried as fast as possible. The officers and
+men were paraded for muster and were mustered in and
+out of the United States service at the same time. Then
+all were paid off in gold. The amount received did not,<span class="pagenum" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</span>
+it is true, raise them at once to a condition of opulence.
+Less than fifty dollars apiece didn’t look very large for
+more than three months of such toil, hardship and
+danger, but for the time, with the gold chinking in his
+pocket, each man felt as if he owned a bank. Their
+financial condition was in marked contrast to the state
+of chronic insolvency in which they had been so long,
+for they had had no funds with which to patronize the
+sutler except such as was sent them at irregular intervals
+by friends at home. Whenever one of them got ten
+dollars he was looked upon as a Rothschild or a Vanderbilt
+and loans were negotiated with a rapidity that soon
+exhausted his wealth. As a general thing when a man
+got any money it was quickly absorbed by the liquidation
+of his debts. After the interview with the paymaster
+at Columbus there was a universal squaring of
+accounts.</p>
+
+<p>The horses and other property belonging to the state
+were turned over to the authorities, and the “regiment”
+was soon ready to start for Cleveland. The men had
+been permitted to bring with them from Western Virginia
+(as a recognition of their valor and conspicuous
+services), the piece of artillery captured at Carrick’s
+Ford, and four long-eared mules which the rebels had
+used as the propelling power of the cannon in their
+migratory wanderings. These trophies were guarded
+with zealous care, for the boys were proud of them, as
+they had a right to be. At Columbus they were objects
+of the greatest curiosity and interest. War, right at
+home, was then a new thing to the people of the country
+and anything of this nature was regarded as a nine-days’
+wonder.</p>
+
+<p>While at Columbus a telegram was received by Colonel
+Barnett from Amasa Stone, Esq., of Cleveland, inquiring
+at what time the artillery would arrive in Cleveland.
+The friends of the warriors as well as the citizens generally
+desired to know in order that they might give them
+a fitting reception. The dispatch was duly answered<span class="pagenum" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</span>
+as soon as the time of departure could be definitely
+fixed. At length all things were ready, and after midnight
+of July 28th the happy artillerymen, with their
+trophies of cannon and mules, left for Cleveland. How
+the boys shouted and yelled as the train “pulled out”
+of the depot and sped away toward “home, sweet home!”
+In fact they didn’t do much but yell all the way to Cleveland.
+Their coming had been heralded along the route
+and at every station crowds of people greeted them
+in the most tumultuous manner. If the boys could have
+charged dime museum price for looking at the gun and
+mules from rebeldom they would have made their fortunes.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile elaborate preparations were going on in
+Cleveland to welcome the returning volunteers with
+open arms. They were expected to arrive during the
+forenoon and before 9 o’clock a great multitude of
+people thronged the railroad and its approaches. It was
+something like the crowd that, more than three months
+before, had assembled to bid them farewell and God
+speed. Shortly before the arrival of the train the city
+militia and the fire department marched down Champlain
+street and formed in line near the railroad.</p>
+
+<p>At ten o’clock the train came in sight and as it drew
+up to the point of debarkation at the foot of Vineyard—now
+known as South Water—street a mighty volume of
+cheers went up from the assembled multitude—cheers
+for Colonel Barnett, cheers for the brave soldiers, and
+cheers for the cannon and mules that the boys had
+captured from the “seceshers.” As the men stepped from
+the cars they were clasped in the arms of loved ones,
+who wept tears of joy at the safe return of sons and
+brothers and husbands. Then came the hearty and
+effusive greetings of friends and acquaintances, amidst
+constant cheering and the music of brass bands. It was
+a glorious reception, creditable alike to the people of
+Cleveland and to those who so well merited the demonstration.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</span></p>
+
+<p>After the hand-shaking and words of welcome were
+over the returned soldiers formed in procession, a conspicuous
+object in the column being the rebel 6-pounder,
+to which were attached the mules lately in the Confederate
+service. Two of the soldiers served in the
+capacity of muleteers, each bestriding the “nigh” animal
+of one of the teams. The novel outfit was prodigiously
+cheered along the entire line of march.</p>
+
+<p>Escorted by the city organizations, the fire department
+and an immense throng of people, the “veterans”
+marched up Superior street to the Public Square, General
+A. S. Sanford acting as marshal. The whole street
+was thronged with men, women and children, with smiles
+of greeting upon their faces and shouts upon their lips.
+The windows and balconies were filled with ladies, who
+waved their handkerchiefs in kindly welcome and
+clapped their hands as the “brown soldiers come back
+from the borders” went tramping by. Company D,
+Captain P. W. Rice, carried a rebel flag captured at
+Philippi which was loudly cheered—not because it was
+an emblem of treason but because it was captured by
+Cleveland volunteers.</p>
+
+<p>Arrived at the Park the artillerymen were formed in a
+hollow square, surrounded by thousands of people, and
+were addressed as follows by Judge Samuel Starkweather,
+who had been chosen to extend a formal welcome
+home:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="no-indent">
+To the Light Artillery and Colonel Barnett, their gallant
+and noble commander.</p>
+
+<p>I am commissioned by the citizens of this city to bid
+you a cordial welcome upon your return, and to tell
+you that Cleveland fully appreciates the value of your
+services and feels herself honored by your achievements.
+She feels that some portion of the glory which
+has fallen upon the noble men of the Cleveland Artillery
+rests also upon herself.</p>
+
+<p>Whenever you have appeared the rebels have fled and
+have not dared to show their faces. The Cleveland and
+Geneva artillery were among the first to answer the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</span>
+call of the government to put down rebellion; and when
+it was sought to destroy the banner of our country,
+you, gentlemen of the artillery, rushed forth to the field
+to fight for its rescue, and you did not return from
+that field until you saw that beautiful banner floating
+from every Virginia hilltop.</p>
+
+<p>We have not been ignorant of the trials through
+which you have passed, and we have admired the firmness
+with which you overcame all obstacles that presented
+themselves to you and incumbered your path,
+whether rugged mountains or rushing rivers, or hunger
+or fatigue.</p>
+
+<p>We have heard of you at Philippi—and the rebels
+heard of you, too, and with even more lasting impressions.
+We have heard of you also at Laurel Hill and
+Carrick’s Ford. I am happy, too, that we have not
+heard of any violation of the rights of justice or of
+humanity on your part toward a conquered foe. This
+has shown that you are actuated by the same motives
+which have prompted our whole people. It is not the
+object of this contest to interfere with the institutions
+of any state, but it is our purpose to defend and preserve
+the banner, that not a star may be blotted out or a
+stripe defaced. It is to enforce laws to which we all
+owe our safety, our protection and our happiness, and
+I know I speak your sentiments when I say that whoever
+takes a part in this contest from other motives is
+unworthy the name of a patriot.</p>
+
+<p>There is now being enacted a drama which is attracting
+the eyes of the whole civilized world, and I am
+proud to say that the members of this company have
+well played their part therein; and when the last scene
+is ended no name will more adorn the history of these
+events than that of the Cleveland Artillery; no achievements
+will rank higher than those in which its members,
+our own gallant soldiers, bore so conspicuous a
+part.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Under the circumstances Judge Starkweather may be
+pardoned for drawing a long bow, but candor compels
+the admission that when the boys came home the “beautiful
+banner” was not, strictly speaking, “floating from
+every Virginia hill-top.” There were still a few hill-tops
+left over which the star spangled flag was not
+floating, nor did it float till some years later.</p>
+
+<p>At the close of the loud and prolonged applause which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</span>
+greeted the Judge’s address, showing how clearly the
+feelings of the people were in harmony with the sentiments
+he expressed. Colonel Barnett made the following
+brief reply:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>Allow me, sir, on behalf of my command, as well as
+for myself, to thank you, and through you the citizens
+of Cleveland, for this greeting, which was wholly unexpected
+by us. I have no words to express the gratitude
+of our hearts toward our fellow citizens. We have the
+satisfaction of knowing that we have borne our banner
+in the van, and that we have endeavored to do our duty;
+and so we return to you with a consciousness that we
+are not entirely unworthy the confidence which we know
+you have placed in us.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>There was loud cheering and plenty of it as Colonel
+Barnett bowed and retired, and the band struck up
+“The Bowld Soger Boy.” The exercises over, the companies
+were variously taken care of and the crowd
+slowly dispersed. A committee of German citizens took
+charge of Company E, Captain Heckman, and Company
+B, Captain Mack, and escorted them to Haltnorth’s,
+where they were filled up with refreshments, solid and
+liquid. The four other companies were escorted to the
+Weddell House, where a sumptuous dinner was served
+them in fine style. It made up in some degree for the
+many times during the previous three months when they
+had yearned unspeakably for a “square meal.”</p>
+
+<p>Later in the day the members of Company C, Captain
+Pelton, were banqueted at their armory in Brooklyn
+Village, a committee of fifteen ladies doing the honors
+of the occasion. In the afternoon Company F, Captain
+Kenny, took a train to Geneva, where its members were
+right royally welcomed.</p>
+
+<p>The following paragraphs from Cleveland newspapers
+of the time will be of interest in this connection:</p>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="center">[<em>Leader</em>, July 30, 1861.]</p>
+
+<p>The returned soldiers all look well and in excellent
+condition physically, although they are as brown as
+berries from exposure.</p>
+
+<p>Among the artillerymen who yesterday returned<span class="pagenum" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</span>
+from the campaign in Western Virginia were three
+members of Alert Hose Company—William Kidd, foreman;
+Albert Smith, assistant foreman, and Private
+E. S. Ransom. Of course, the social and
+genial Alerts could not let them return without a
+welcome, so last night a merry party of Alerts and a
+few invited guests assembled in the elegant hall of the
+hose-house to celebrate the event over a splendid supper.
+Toasts, speeches and songs followed. Finally, the
+hose-carriage was illuminated and the company escorted
+the returned members to their homes, the blaze of innumerable
+roman candles lighting their way up Superior
+street.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="center">[<cite>Plain Dealer</cite>, July 30, 1861.]</p>
+
+<p>The returned artillerymen are the heroes of the day.
+If you find a knot of men collected on a corner, the
+bronzed countenance of a member of the artillery is
+in the center and he is relating to the gaping crowd
+his exploits and adventures among the rebels in Western
+Virginia. It will be some time before their stock of
+incidents is exhausted; and years hence the story may
+be rehearsed to wondering grandchildren. They have
+come home after nobly discharging their duty and meet
+with the warm admiration and approval which they
+have so richly merited. All honor to the brave artillerymen.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>At a meeting of the Cleveland City Council, held on
+the evening of July 30th, the following preamble and
+resolutions, offered by Councilman T. N. Bond, were
+adopted with great enthusiasm:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p><em>Whereas</em>, At the request of the Governor of Ohio the
+Cleveland Artillery, embracing four companies from the
+city, one from Brooklyn and one from Geneva, under
+the command of Colonel James Barnett, left their homes
+and business on the 22d day of April, 1861, on a day’s
+notice, to perform such duty in the defense of the
+Government as might be required of them, and</p>
+
+<p><em>Whereas</em>, After gaining the confidence and approbation
+of the people on our southeastern border, by their
+fine conduct both as soldiers and citizens, they rendered
+most important services to the country in the campaigns
+in Western Virginia, distinguishing themselves for
+activity, discipline and bravery in their laborious night
+marches, and in the battles at Philippi, Belington and
+Carrick’s Ford, and have now returned after more than<span class="pagenum" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</span>
+three months’ absence, with trophies of their victories
+and the well-deserved approbation of their fellow citizens;
+therefore be it</p>
+
+<p><em>Resolved</em>, That in addition to the public and spontaneous
+welcome already given them at their reception
+yesterday, the mayor and city council of the city, and in
+behalf of the city, hereby officially record their high appreciation
+of the honor the Cleveland Artillery and its
+noble commander have reflected upon the city whose
+name they bear; that their self-denial, good conduct and
+energy and their skill and bravery in the field have
+won for them unfading honor; and that especially to
+Colonel Barnett, for his coolness and judgment, his
+manly and soldierly bearing under all vicissitudes, our
+thanks are richly due and are hereby tendered.</p>
+
+<p><em>Resolved</em>, That copies of the foregoing preamble and
+resolutions be duly engrossed by the clerk and presented
+to Colonel Barnett and to the several companies
+under his command.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>These resolutions were transmitted to Colonel Barnett
+by Mayor Flint—long an active and zealous member of
+the Cleveland Artillery—with the following letter:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right">Mayor’s Office, City of Cleveland,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br>
+August 4, 1861.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent">Colonel James Barnett.</p>
+
+<p>Dear Sir: With this I take great pleasure, as the
+executive officer of the city of Cleveland, in presenting
+to you, and through you to the different companies
+under your command, the resolutions of the City Council
+of the city, expressive of their sense of the valuable
+services rendered the country in your recent campaign
+in Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>As a member of the earliest organization of artillery
+in this city, and from which simple detailed “squad”
+of the Cleveland Grays has grown your complete and
+valuable command, I take increased pleasure in presenting
+to you these resolutions, expressing, as they do, my
+own feelings regarding your action for the past three
+months.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Respectfully yours,</p>
+<p class="right">E. S. FLINT, Mayor.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The following appeared editorially in the Cleveland
+<cite>Leader</cite> of July 30th, 1862:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>“When the proclamation of the President called for
+seventy-five thousand troops Ohio sprang to the work<span class="pagenum" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</span>
+of furnishing her quota. The Cleveland Artillery was
+the only organized body of the kind in the state, the
+artillery in other places being only single sections
+or squads. Colonel Barnett had been the life of the
+four sections which were organized in this city. He immediately
+took steps to go into service with his command,
+and as soon as the necessary arrangements could
+be made he reported himself ready for orders. He was
+sent to the southern border of Ohio to protect it from
+threatened invasion, and to be in readiness to move into
+Virginia upon short notice. Since that time, without
+ever having been mustered into either State or United
+States service, he has led his brave boys through the
+campaign in Western Virginia, where they have performed
+prodigies of marching and have fought a good
+fight when the enemy has given them the chance.
+Colonel Barnett left his business here to go to war and
+has labored unceasingly for the good of his men and the
+discomfiture of the rebels. His services were fully appreciated
+by General McClellan, who tendered him a
+very complimentary invitation to accompany him to the
+Kanawha Valley. Colonel Barnett intends, we understand,
+to raise a full artillery regiment and go in for
+the war. We wish him all success and trust his services
+will be appreciated and recognized at headquarters.”</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Thus these citizen soldiers, who at home often were
+scoffed at for playing soldier in time of peace, by their
+timely military training, were ready to, and did almost
+at a day’s notice respond to the call of their country
+and served it well. The artillery piece captured at Carrick’s
+Ford was brought to Columbus and turned over
+to the state, but Colonel Barnett wished to take it to
+Cleveland. Said Quartermaster General Wood, who then
+had charge of the arms of the state, to Colonel Barnett:
+“I think no objection will be raised if you take the gun
+to Cleveland; your men captured it and I guess you
+can find a way to hold it.” The piece may now be seen
+on the Public Square, in its way a monument to the
+valor and heroism of the old artillerymen of Cleveland.</p>
+
+<p>With this elaborate and protracted welcome home,
+which would appear to have been most satisfactory to<span class="pagenum" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</span>
+all concerned, in both its fullness and its cordiality,
+closes the honorable record of the Cleveland Artillery in
+the “three months’ service.” Henceforward we follow
+the fortunes of the First Regiment Ohio Light Artillery,
+through its four years of brilliant service in the field.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">INDEPENDENT COMPANIES.</p>
+
+<p>But the seed sown by the old gun squad and the First
+Cleveland Light Artillery had not yet exhausted its
+strength. It continued to take root, expand and blossom.
+Privates Joseph C. Shields and Frank Wilson, of Captain
+Rice’s battery, after their three months’ service in the
+First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Artillery, imbued as
+they had become with a military spirit, and with patriotic
+impulse, soon organized an independent artillery
+battery, which was mustered into service Sept. 10, 1862.
+It numbered 164 men, had six guns, and was called the
+Nineteenth Independent Battery, Ohio Volunteer Light
+Artillery. Captain Shields became commander, who at
+the end of two years resigned, when Mr. Wilson, who
+had been first lieutenant of the company, became its
+captain. The battery was in the siege of Knoxville, in
+the East Tennessee campaign, in the siege of Atlanta,
+Ga., and at other places of interest, historic in the great
+struggle. The men were mustered out June 27, 1865,
+at the close of the war.</p>
+
+<p>In this battery was Quartermaster Sergeant Pardon
+B. Smith, who afterwards became sheriff of Cuyahoga
+County, and now each year meets with the “old association,”
+gladdening the occasion with spirit and song.</p>
+
+<p>There was another man who belonged to this battery—Lieutenant
+James W. Grimshaw—who may properly be
+mentioned in this connection. When Fort Sumter fell
+there was great excitement in Cleveland, as there was
+all over the country. Crowds gathered in the streets and
+public places in large numbers. At one of these assemblies
+on the Public Square in Cleveland, a man was
+imprudent enough to call out “Hurrah for the South!”<span class="pagenum" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</span>
+Mr. Grimshaw, standing near, immediately shouted, “I
+say hurrah for the Union flag!” Soon bitter words
+passed between the two men and a rough and tumble
+followed in which the rebel sympathizers got much the
+worst of the fight. Thus the civil war began in Cleveland!
+Lieutenant Grimshaw returned from the war,
+was elected to the city council and died some years
+since, greatly respected. Another of those who received
+a military schooling in the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, under Colonel Barnett, was Corporal
+Louis Smithnight. Like Captains Shields and
+Wilson, the three months he had been in the war incited
+him to further military service. He organized and became
+captain of the Twentieth Battery, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, which went into service Oct. 29, 1862,
+for a term of three years. The battery was in the siege
+at Atlanta, Ga., and in the battles of Dalton and Chickamauga
+in that state, and in the battles at Liberty Gap,
+Franklin and Nashville, in Tennessee.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">BARNETT’S BIG REGIMENT.</p>
+
+<p>Early in the war the governor of Ohio decided to
+place in the field a full regiment of artillery. The chief
+centers of population in the state readily responded to
+the call and twelve companies were soon organized,
+numbering in all more than 1,800 men, commanding
+seventy-two guns. The command of this large force, a
+fair-sized army in itself, was sought by several men of
+military distinction. Quartermaster General Wood of
+the governor’s staff, who for so many years had been
+associated with Colonel Barnett in the old Cleveland
+Artillery, strongly recommended the colonel for the position.
+Sept. 3, 1861, Governor Dennison gave him his
+commission. But not only was Colonel Barnett of
+Cleveland’s old gun squad made colonel of this new
+regiment, called the First Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Light Artillery, but three of his associates in this early<span class="pagenum" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</span>
+school of artillery training were given commissions of
+command next to him.</p>
+
+<p>Captain W. H. Hayward was made lieutenant colonel,
+while Walter E. Lawrence and Seymour Race became
+majors. To have four of the chief officers of this regiment
+all from Cleveland and all of the old Cleveland
+artillery, indeed, was high honor. But these men who
+had cherished fond hopes of leading their regiments to
+the front were destined to be disappointed. An order
+came from Washington directing the several batteries
+to report, some at one point and some at another, where
+their services were deemed most needed. Thus the
+companies were separated and the chief field officers were
+shorn of active command.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Barnett, however, was called to a higher position.
+He was made chief of artillery on the staff of
+General W. S. Rosecrans, one of the best fighting generals
+in the Union army; was with him in battle and all
+the fortunes of war. Lieutenant Colonel Hayward was
+made chief of artillery in the third army corps, third
+division of the Army of the Potomac, under General Daniel
+Sickles, where he did valiant service until worn out by
+hard work, April 1, 1863, under advice of army physicians
+he was compelled to resign. Later, however, recovering
+something of his health, he was made colonel
+of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, Ohio Volunteer
+Infantry. Major Lawrence became a colonel, served
+with distinction and died in the service. Major W. F.
+Goodspeed, now a resident of Columbus, O., who meets
+with the “old artillery association” each year, was one
+of the best of the many good fighting men who belonged
+to General Barnett’s regiment. He was mustered into
+the service as a private, became a lieutenant, then a
+captain and came out at the end of the war a major.</p>
+
+<p>Major Seymour Race, heretofore mentioned, served
+two years in the war.</p>
+
+<p>Lieutenant John Crable is still another who received
+his military training in the old artillery school. He was<span class="pagenum" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</span>
+commissioned second lieutenant in Battery G, Colonel
+Barnett’s regiment, and afterwards promoted to first
+lieutenant, serving at times as captain. His company
+distinguished itself in several important battles and
+took part in others of lesser note.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">“COMMISSARY” HARRY BINGHAM.</p>
+
+<p>Among the many of the old artillerymen now dead,
+few will be better remembered than “Commissary” Harry
+Bingham, a man of small stature, full of life and fun.
+It may be said that for some years he contributed largely
+to the life of his military comrades. At the beginning
+of the war he was in Wisconsin, where he soon
+joined the military service. He became a lieutenant and
+served with credit. Finally, however, the hardships
+of war were greater than he could bear. For a time he
+lay sick at Nashville, was then brought to Cleveland,
+where he died. His disposition to joke did not desert
+him even when upon his deathbed. Said he with a
+smile, to a lady who called upon him during his last
+sickness, “I’m a funeral, sure.” He lies buried in Woodland
+cemetery. Who of his old military comrades will
+not drop a tear to his memory?</p>
+
+<p>Many others of the old guard, some living and some
+dead, deserve well to be mentioned in this connection.</p>
+
+<p>The history of the association itself may be told in
+a few lines. At the close of the civil war, when regiments
+and various commands in the war were forming
+associations and holding reunions, the wife of Captain
+Wood, who made all the cartridges used by the old gun
+squad, now residing in this city, past eighty-three years
+of age, one day suggested to her husband the propriety
+of Cleveland’s old artillerymen having a reunion. The
+thought was conveyed to General Barnett, Colonel Hayward
+and others, who were pleased with the idea and on
+the 22d of February, 1871, the members of the old squad
+then living and other old Cleveland artillerymen met at
+the Kennard House, formed an association of which<span class="pagenum" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</span>
+General Wood was made president and then and there
+had their first banquet. General Wood was continued
+president of the association ten years, until his death
+May 2, 1881, when General Barnett succeeded him. The
+general has been president ever since, some twenty-three
+years. At the first meeting of the association held after
+General Wood’s death, General Barnett paid a high
+tribute to his old comrade. Among other things he said:
+“Since our last anniversary David L. Wood, commander
+of the old Grey gun squad, captain of the First artillery
+company in Cleveland and president of our association
+since its first organization, has passed away. It was he
+who first introduced into the then West, forty-two years
+ago, the artillery branch of our old militia system.
+We can say of our old comrade that he was an honest
+man. He had a bluff, outspoken way, but a warm, generous
+heart. His pride was with his old artillery associates.
+His comrades tenderly, with sorrow, laid him
+away in the cemetery. We will and do reverence his
+memory and our recollections are of a competent soldier,
+a patriotic man and good citizen.” General Wood was
+born in Barkhamsted, Conn., Aug. 14, 1847, and died
+May 2, 1881 in Cleveland at the residence of his brother-in-law,
+the Hon. O. J. Hodge.</p>
+
+<p>Thirty-four years have now passed since the first
+meeting of the association and each year since it has
+had its social gathering, and each Decoration day the
+members have strewn with flowers the graves of their
+departed comrades. Such meetings, however, cannot be
+held many years longer. The whitened locks of these
+men point to a day in the near future when the members
+of the association will hold their last banquet, when
+there will be no member left to decorate the graves of
+the departed, but around their memory long will cluster
+recollections of patriotic work and good citizenship,
+and those now upon life’s stage, and those yet to come,
+with pride will study their history and place upon their
+graves flowers, emblematic of love and veneration.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak" id="CHAPTER_IV">CHAPTER IV.</h2>
+</div>
+
+
+<p>The public reception of the First Regiment Ohio Light
+Artillery (3 months) at their home as before related
+practically closed the military career of that command;
+however, a large number of the men enlisted in other
+commands, notably into the First Ohio Light Artillery
+(3 years) the term being for three years or during the
+war. It was soon found that through the emergency
+of affairs at the opening of trouble and the improper
+muster in and muster out as state troops that the men
+had no proper standing on the rolls of the Army of the
+United States. This error was called to the attention
+of Hon. Amos Townsend, then our member of Congress,
+who made many earnest attempts to rectify the mistake
+through the Honorable Secretary of War; those efforts
+were however unsuccessful, it being decided as the muster
+roll showed that they were state troops, so the matter
+ran along for years and until Mr. T. E. Burton was
+elected to Congress. Upon representation of the case to
+Mr. Burton he was at once impressed with the fact that
+fairness and justice to the command required action of
+Congress, whereupon he introduced a bill substantially
+the same as the one finally passed in January 1903, and
+given herewith as well as the report of the Military
+Committee of which General Dick was chairman.</p>
+
+<p>The command was very fortunate in having in Congress
+two such good friends as Mr. Burton and Gen.
+Dick, men who have looked so closely and faithfully that
+justice might be obtained. The members of the First
+Ohio Light Artillery (3 months) owe these two men a
+debt of gratitude which they can never pay but which is
+not forgotten.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">FIRST REGIMENT OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT<br>
+ARTILLERY.</p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">May 1, 1902.—Committed to the Committee of the Whole
+House and ordered to be printed.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">Mr. Dick, from the Committee on Military Affairs, submitted
+the following</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">REPORT.</p>
+
+<p class="center">[To accompany H. R. 619.]</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was reported
+the bill (H. R. 619) providing for the recognition
+of the military services of the officers and enlisted men
+of the First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery,
+report the same back to the House with the recommendation
+that it do pass with the following amendment:</p>
+
+<p>Add, after the word “organization,” in line 4, page 2,
+of the bill, the following: “<em>Provided</em>, That no pay,
+bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable
+by virtue of the passage of this act.”</p>
+
+<p>A bill similar to the one under consideration was reported
+favorably by the Committee on Military Affairs
+of the Fifty-fourth, Fifty-fifth, and Fifty-sixth Congresses,
+which bill, with the accompanying reports, are
+hereby adopted and made a part of this report.</p>
+
+<p>It appears that this regiment was the first body of
+artillery to engage in the service of the United States
+in the late civil war. They were hastened to the front
+on the 21st of April, 1861, and rendered valuable service
+in the campaign in West Virginia. By an omission,
+due to the haste with which they were sent to the front,
+they were never formally mustered into the service by
+any military officer of the United States. On or about the
+30th of May, 1861, while the command was being embarked
+at Marietta, Ohio, a United States officer reported to
+muster them into the service, but the commanding officer,
+General Barnett, stated to him that as his orders
+were imperative to move with the least possible delay,
+he could not wait the formality of a muster. They served
+until the 27th day of July, 1861, and there appears to be
+no sufficient reason why their services should not be
+recognized and the officers and men considered to have
+been in the military service of the United States.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</span></p>
+
+<p>Reference is made to the affidavit of Gen. James Barnett,
+with exhibits, and to the memorandum of Col.
+Henry B. Carrington for more complete history of their
+service and the reasons why they were not formally
+mustered.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">State of Ohio</span>, <em>Cuyahoga County, ss</em>:</p>
+
+<p>James Barnett being duly sworn, deposes and says as
+follows: That for some time before the 20th of April,
+1861, and at that date I was the commanding officer of
+what was known as the First Ohio Light Artillery, organized
+under the laws of the State as then existing as
+a part of the militia force of the State. On the 20th of
+April, 1861, my command was ordered to report for duty,
+and immediately thereafter, namely, on the 22d day of
+April, 1861, left Cleveland for Marietta, Ohio, where the
+command was on duty until May 29 of the same year,
+upon which date a portion of the command moved into
+Virginia. On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion
+of the command went by boat to Benwood and
+thence to Grafton, Va., from which time until the date
+of their muster out they actively participated in the
+campaign in Western Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>On or about the 30th of May, 1861, while the command
+was being embarked at Marietta, an officer reported to
+muster the command into the service of the United
+States. This officer, if I am correct in my recollection,
+was Colonel Sill. I am not very positive as to the name
+of the officer, but it was either Colonel Sill or Captain
+Cram, who said to me that he was sent for the purpose
+of mustering my command. We were at the time busily
+embarking. A portion of the command had already been
+sent down the river to Parkersburg, and I stated to the
+officer that it would be impossible to get the men together
+for muster, and that our orders were imperative
+to move with the least possible delay, so it was concluded
+to defer the muster until some proper time after
+we had got into Virginia. The command went through
+the campaign without muster, and soon after the expiration
+of their term of service were ordered back to
+Ohio for muster out by orders from the War Department.
+Upon arriving at Columbus the command was mustered
+in and mustered out upon the same day, dating back
+their muster into the date of taking the field. This muster
+was made by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to governor
+of Ohio, mustering officer. The muster rolls were<span class="pagenum" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</span>
+changed from the printed forms, erasing the words
+“United States” and inserting “State of Ohio.”</p>
+
+<p>I append hereto as Exhibit A, and make part of this
+affidavit, a sketch regarding the movements of the command,
+which consisted of about 120 men, and is a correct
+statement of its movements. This sketch embraces
+pages 711 to 714 of the official register of Ohio troops,
+known as the “Ohio Roster,” and published by the
+State.</p>
+
+<p>It will be seen from the copy of a letter from the
+Adjutant-General, United States Army, to Governor Dennison,
+of Ohio, dated July 27, 1861, which appears upon
+page 713 of said record, that the command was recognized
+by the War Department and under its orders during
+its service in Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>The telegraphic orders from General McClellan, commanding
+the troops in western Virginia, set forth on
+page 712 of said record, and others, were received by me
+and executed by me as the commanding officer therein
+referred to.</p>
+
+<p>I also append pages 715 to 718 of said record, which
+contain the muster roll of the batteries constituting
+said command.</p>
+
+<p class="right">
+<span class="smcap">James Barnett.</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Signed in my presence by the said James Barnett and
+by him sworn to before me this 9th day of February, A.
+D. 1895.</p>
+
+<p class="center">
+[<span class="allsmcap">SEAL.</span>] <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">M. P. Mooney</span>,</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><em>Notary Public within and for said Cuyahoga County, O.</em></p>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Exhibit A.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center fs80">FIRST OHIO VOLUNTEER LIGHT ARTILLERY.</p>
+
+<p class="center">[Three months’ service.]</p>
+
+<p>Six days after the fall of Fort Sumter the following
+telegram was wired to Colonel Barnett:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 20, 1861</em>.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>, <em>Cleveland, Ohio</em>:<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Report your six pieces, caissons and full battery, including
+Geneva company, at Columbus forthwith. Monday
+if possible. You can hire horses for the guns here<span class="pagenum" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</span>
+or at your point of service. Bring harness and everything
+else, and twenty men to each gun. You retain
+colonel rank.</p>
+
+<p>
+By order:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="smcap">H. B. Carrington</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.<br>
+</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The news spread through the city of Cleveland (four
+of the batteries were from the city of Cleveland, the
+other two being from Brooklyn and Geneva) as though
+borne upon the wings Of the wind. Early Sunday morning
+Colonel Barnett issued the following order to captains
+of the companies:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+
+<p>You will report your command of twenty men, ready
+to march to Columbus, tomorrow at 12 o’clock noon at
+the public square. You will have your piece, caissons
+and harness complete, at the depot between Superior
+street and Vineyard lane, with a detail of ten men to
+attend to their embarkation, at 9 o’clock a. m., under the
+command of a sergeant, and when embarked report to
+your superior officers.</p>
+
+<p>By order adjutant-general of Ohio:</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">James Barnett</span>, <em>Colonel 1st Regt. Artillery</em>.</p>
+
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">S. B. Sturges</span>, <em>Lieutenant-Colonel</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>Word having been sent in the meantime to the Brooklyn
+and Geneva companies.</p>
+
+<p>Another dispatch was received on Sunday by Colonel
+Barnett, as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Columbus, Ohio</span>, <em>April 21, 1861</em>.</p>
+<p class="no-indent"><span class="smcap">Col. James Barnett</span>:<br>
+</p>
+
+<p>Can you bring your command here to-night instead of
+waiting till tomorrow? If so, come armed.</p>
+
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">William Dennison</span>, <em>Governor</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>It was found impracticable to assemble the regiment
+on Sunday in time to get away on that day. The governor
+was informed by telegraph that it would leave early
+Monday morning. The two outside companies responded
+promptly, and at noon of Monday the regiment left
+Cleveland for Columbus, at which place it was ordered
+to Marietta via Loveland. Marietta was reached next
+morning, when it went into camp on the fair ground<span class="pagenum" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</span>
+placing the guns in position to guard the city against
+any invasion of the enemy.</p>
+
+<p>About the middle of May General McClellan sent Captain
+O. M. Poe, of the U. S. A. Engineers, to inspect the
+regiment, with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice. He was greatly pleased with the command
+and the drill, discipline and soldierly bearing of its
+members. A few days later clothing and camp equipage
+were received, all of which were heartily welcomed.
+Colonel Barnett also received a telegram from Columbus
+to purchase seventy-six horses for his battery upon the
+best terms possible; ten thousand dollars having been
+placed by the State authorities in a Marietta bank to the
+credit of Colonel Barnett, out of which the horses were
+to be paid for.</p>
+
+<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett received the following
+telegram from General McClellan at Cincinnati:
+“Expedite the mounting of your batteries and report to
+me when ready for service.” Within two days the required
+number of horses were purchased and all hands
+were busy breaking them into their new sphere of usefulness
+and arranging to move on a moment’s notice.
+The artillery was re-enforced by the arrival of the 14th
+O. V. I. on the 24th day of May and the 18th O. V. I. on
+the next day; the 14th being armed and equipped.</p>
+
+<p>On May 27 General McClellan sent the following dispatch
+to Colonel Barnett: “Upon the requisition of Colonel
+Steadman, you will supply him with a detachment
+of two guns, with the proper officers and men.”</p>
+
+<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F, under command
+of Lieut.-Colonel Sturges, left Camp Putnam, Marietta,
+by boat, for Parkersburg, W. Va., with orders to report
+to Colonel Steadman, 14th O. V. I. They moved rapidly
+along the line of the B. &amp; O. Railroad, repairing bridges
+destroyed by the enemy, so that on May 31st they had
+arrived at Clarksburg, eighty miles east of Parkersburg.
+The rebels retreated from Clarksburg to Philippi. From
+Clarksburg they moved to Webster, and after a tedious<span class="pagenum" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</span>
+night march arrived before Philippi at 4 a. m., making
+short work of the rebel force. The roar of the artillery
+frightened them so that they fled in dismay, heedless of
+their officers, leaving large quantities of supplies and
+war materials behind them. (This was the first Light
+artillery fired by the national forces in the war of the
+rebellion. In this engagement only a few men were
+wounded.)</p>
+
+<p>On May 30, 1861, the four companies at Camp Putnam
+with Colonel Barnett moved by boat to Benwood, reporting
+to General Morris, who ordered Colonel Barnett
+to proceed to Grafton, and from there marched to Philippi,
+arriving too late to take part in that engagement.
+During June the headquarters of the 1st Regiment Light
+Artillery was at Philippi. The companies, however,
+were scattered; some with their guns did duty as bridge
+guards.</p>
+
+<p>July 6th orders were received by General Morris to
+advance early the following day, occupy Belington, and
+menace the enemy, who were holding a strong position
+at Laurel Hill. At daylight the skirmishers struck the
+rebel pickets near Belington. The artillery was ordered
+to the front and shelled the enemy’s outposts with demoralizing
+effect. It was in this skirmish that the artillery
+suffered its first casualty—George W. Tillotson, of
+Company D, was wounded in the groin by a musket ball,
+from the effect of which he died a few years later.</p>
+
+<p>July 12th the rebels retreated from Belington and
+Laurel Hill, being pursued by the Union forces to Carrick’s
+Ford, where the 1st Artillery opened fire on the
+enemy (who were holding a position on a high bank on
+the opposite side of the river) with excellent effect. The
+enemy fled once more in dismay. The rebel general Robert
+S. Garnett was killed in this battle. A fine rifled
+piece was captured and presented to the artillery, and
+this trophy is now in the public square in the city of
+Cleveland.</p>
+
+<p>Its term of service having expired, the regiment moved<span class="pagenum" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</span>
+back to Belington, and remained there until ordered to
+Columbus to be mustered out. Up to this time, like the
+nine regiments of infantry, it was serving as a State
+organization, and while all other Ohio three-months
+troops were mustered out by United States officers and
+recognized as United States troops, this regiment, for
+some reason, was mustered out by a member of the governor’s
+staff and is recognized by the War Department
+as only a <em>State organization</em>. The following letter, however,
+will show that it was the intention of the General
+Government to place this regiment of artillery on the
+same footing as other Ohio organizations that did service
+at the same time in West Virginia.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">War Department, Adjutant-General’s Office</span>,</p>
+<p class="right"><em>Washington, July 27, 1861</em>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Sir</span>: The nine regiments of Ohio State troops and
+Colonel Barnett’s artillery of six guns and one hundred
+and twenty men, which have been serving in West Virginia,
+will be sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out
+of the service. They, or such of them as may be presented
+by you, will there be accepted and mustered into
+the United States service for three years as regiments,
+companies of cavalry, and batteries of artillery. The
+two sections of artillery from Ohio (other than Barnett’s
+Battery) and the two companies of cavalry from the
+State, all of which have been serving in Virginia, will
+also be sent home at the expiration of their three
+months’ service, to be there mustered out. They, or
+such of them as may be presented by you, will then be
+accepted as specified for three years, and will be mustered
+into the service of the United States for that period.
+The same will be done in regard to the battery of
+artillery and the two companies of cavalry at Camp
+Chase.</p>
+
+<p>In short, all three-months men are to be sent home to
+be mustered out of the service. They, or such of them
+as may be presented by you, will there be accepted for
+three years and sworn into the service for that period
+as regiments, companies of cavalry, and batteries of
+artillery.</p>
+
+<p>
+I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">L. Thomas</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p>
+
+<p>His Excellency Governor <span class="smcap">Dennison</span>, <em>Columbus, Ohio</em>.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</span></p>
+
+<p>This regiment was mustered out at Camp Chase, Columbus,
+Ohio, July 27, 1861, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp
+to governor of Ohio, mustering officer.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Memorandum of Col. Henry B. Carrington (U. S. A., retired),</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>late colonel Eighteenth United States Infantry.</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Brigadier-general United States Volunteers, adjutant-general</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>of Ohio before and at commencement of the</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>war of 1861-1865.</em></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0">In re House bill No. 2400, Fifty-fifth Congress, first session,</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">“The muster of the First Ohio Light Artillery.”</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p>The peculiar conditions of the Ohio militia organization
+at the outbreak of hostilities in 1861 explain the
+delay in properly adjusting the record of this pioneer
+artillery corps of the United States volunteer service.</p>
+
+<p>Unlike any other State west of Pennsylvania, Ohio had
+been for several years engaged in perfecting a militia
+system by regiments, brigades, and divisions. State encampments
+had been held, and several of its general and
+field officers made immediate records after war began.
+A single company furnished Major-Generals Walcutt and
+Jones to the service.</p>
+
+<p>The artillery was represented by skeleton companies
+with one or two guns each. Three companies, each making
+technically a “gun section,” were organized at Cleveland,
+Brooklyn, and Geneva, with headquarters at
+Cleveland. James Barnett, of Cleveland, was commissioned
+as colonel, it being the purpose of the adjutant-general
+to organize other companies in the State at large.
+These three companies or sections, really composing
+but one battery proper, was the basis of Colonel Barnett’s
+command when ordered to the field April 20, 1861.</p>
+
+<p>This battery had previously been inspected by Gen.
+Winfield Scott at Niagara Falls while on an experimental
+march, and was well disciplined and equipped. As
+early as January, 1861, the previous governor, Salmon
+P. Chase, had urged the necessity of having the Ohio
+militia ready for sudden summons, and within sixty
+hours from receipt of President Lincoln’s first call
+twenty disciplined companies (two regiments) were dispatched
+to Washington. The incomplete record of the
+First Light Artillery grew out of the fact that artillery
+had not been called for in the first instance, and the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</span>
+fact that troops were needed upon the State border
+before any had been mustered into the United States
+service.</p>
+
+<p>By act of Congress, 1789, militia, when called into the
+service of the United States, retained their officers. The
+governor of Ohio did not deem it wise thus to designate
+the general officer to command the troops called for by
+the President. A special legislative act promptly provided
+that the major-general might be taken from
+citizens at large. George B. McClellan was then appointed
+and commissioned. The President also appointed
+him major-general. But while thousands of the
+militia and of volunteers went into camp, none had been
+mustered into the United States service when their services
+were instantly demanded in West Virginia. A demand
+came from Marietta, Ohio, for artillery, as hostile
+demonstrations had commenced, tending to the control
+of southern Ohio. A telegram received at the Adjutant-General’s
+Office on the morning of April 20 to that effect
+was followed by an order to Colonel Barnett to report
+with his battery forthwith. On the following day, Sunday,
+Ambos foundry was fired up and round shot were
+cast for use of the battery. A car was sent to Xenia
+for powder; flannel was procured, and cartridges were
+made for service, as the State had no fixed ammunition
+for artillery in its arsenal. On Monday, April 22, Barnett,
+having been assured that he would retain his rank
+as colonel, reported with his battery in good condition.
+The citizens’ committee from Marietta arrived at the
+same hour from Loveland, and with the battery at once
+returned to Marietta. The only possible “muster” was
+to administer the State obligation and make up the roll
+as the company was organized. The battery therefore
+moved to the border to await orders, but in a position
+for defensive duty.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile, General Wool, at Watervliet Arsenal, forwarded
+arms, so that nine regiments were immediately
+organized and armed as State militia, while no volunteers
+had as yet been mustered into the United States
+service. General Morris, of Indiana (a graduate of
+West Point), had been appointed a brigadier-general
+from that State, and the regiments of Colonels Dumont
+and Milroy had moved to support the regiment of
+Colonel Kelley, of the First West Virginia, but they had
+no artillery. Governor Dennison, doubtful as to his authority
+to push militia across the State boundary, authorized<span class="pagenum" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</span>
+the adjutant-general to visit General McClellan
+and submit a plan, which General Wool had approved,
+and also to act for the State, as the conference might
+agree upon a plan. As the result, all of the regiments
+in the various camps were put in motion, with no regard
+for a United States muster.</p>
+
+<p>Governor Dennison visited Indiana to consult its governor,
+and during his absence General McClellan called
+for the battery. The following telegram was sent: “Barnett,
+borrow money and buy horses instanter.” Also, to
+each and all commanders, “Obey promptly all orders of
+Major-General McClellan; Governor Dennison puts him
+in command of all State troops.”</p>
+
+<p>Neither Colonel Sumner nor Major Cram were then
+accessible, and, in fact, no troops were fully ready for
+muster; but the battery, supported by the Fourteenth
+Ohio, occupied the heights back of Parkersburg, moved
+to Grafton, opened the battle of Philippi, and with its
+associated Ohio militia regiments and the regiments of
+Indiana, saved western Virginia. It rendered United
+States service, under United States officers, in brigade
+with regularly mustered United States troops. It had
+the same claim to full recognition and a muster, nunc
+pro tunc, corresponding with the facts.</p>
+
+<p>The Secretary of War, as well as Generals Scott and
+Wool, at once recognized the service, and the adjutant-general,
+without his solicitation or knowledge in advance,
+was appointed colonel of the Eighteenth United
+States Infantry, shortly afterwards created by law. The
+emergency admitted no delay as to questions of State
+boundary, and the battery did as good service as if it had
+been that of Captain Bragg, whose precedent it sought
+to emulate.</p>
+
+<p>Respectfully submitted.</p>
+<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Henry B. Carrington</span>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0"><em>Colonel, U. S. A., Retired, Late Colonel Eighteenth Infantry</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>and Brigadier-General Volunteers. Formerly</em></div>
+    <div class="verse indent1"><em>Adjutant-General of Ohio.</em></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>The movements of this regiment show a service which
+was distinctly national in character. On May 29, 1861,
+a part of the command moved into Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>On the 30th of May, 1861, the remaining portion of the<span class="pagenum" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</span>
+command went by boat to Benwood and thence to Grafton,
+Va., from which time until the date of their muster
+out they actively participated in the campaign in western
+Virginia.</p>
+
+<p>The command of the troops, after they left Marietta,
+Ohio, and embarked for Virginia, passed completely
+from the officers of the State of Ohio to the Federal officers.
+In May, 1861, General McClellan sent an officer
+of the United States Army Engineers to inspect the regiment
+“with a view to its being ready for service at a
+moment’s notice” for service with the United States. And
+the evidence shows that the Federal officer found the
+regiment in excellent condition as respects drill, discipline,
+and soldierly bearing. Clothing and camp equipage
+were also furnished to the regiment by the United
+States.</p>
+
+<p>On May 26, 1861, Colonel Barnett, commander of the
+regiment, received from General McClellan the following
+telegram from Cincinnati: “Expedite the mounting of
+your batteries and report to me when ready for service.”
+On May 27 General McClellan wired Colonel Barnett:
+“Upon requisition of Colonel Steadman you will supply
+him with a detachment of two guns, with proper officers
+and men.”</p>
+
+<p>On May 29, 1861, Batteries D and F of the regiment
+left Marietta, Ohio, for Parkersburg, Va., with orders
+to report to Colonel Steadman, Fourteenth Ohio Volunteer
+Infantry, which were serving under Federal authority.
+They performed important service under such
+orders, and were engaged in the battle of Philippi. On
+May 30, 1861, four companies of the regiment, with
+Colonel Barnett, proceeded by boat to Benwood, and received
+orders to proceed to Grafton. They proceeded
+thence to Grafton, but too late to take part in the engagement.
+July 6, 1861, the regiment was ordered to
+Belington, where it was engaged with the enemy. On
+July 12 the First Ohio Artillery opened fire upon the
+enemy at Carrick’s Ford with excellent effect.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</span></p>
+
+<p>The record clearly shows that the Ohio Light Artillery
+regiment was taken into Virginia under authority of
+and for service with the United States Government.
+Such was the understanding of the soldiers and of the
+Federal officers under whom they served, and the character
+of their service was distinctly national.</p>
+
+<p>The regiment was not called into the service of the
+State of Ohio alone, but of other States. Every State
+is an integral part of the Union which the Federal Government
+is, under the Constitution, bound to protect
+against invasion. The evidence shows that the regiment
+was employed in general service with and as a
+part of the Federal forces, under orders from the Federal
+Government, and in the execution of a duty which
+was distinctly national in character. The regiment not
+only protected Ohio but also Virginia from the attacks
+of the enemy, and stayed the advance of the enemy. “It
+rendered United States service under United States officers
+in brigade with regularly mustered United States
+troops.”</p>
+
+<p>And when the term of three months’ enlistment expired,
+the regiment, which had been “serving in Virginia,”
+was, by order of the War Department dated July
+27, 1861, sent back to Ohio, to be there mustered out of
+the service of the United States. And the same order
+directed that any of such troops or soldiers as should
+be tendered should be mustered into the service of the
+United States for three years’ service. Owing, no doubt
+to an oversight, or to ignorance of the fact that the regiment
+had been actually in the service of the United
+States, the regiment was mustered out as an organization
+of the State of Ohio.</p>
+
+<p>The records of the War Department fail to show facts
+upon which justice can be done to this regiment, and
+Congress is asked to afford such relief by a special act.
+Upon the evidence in the case it is submitted that the
+First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery is entitled<span class="pagenum" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</span>
+to proper recognition as having been in the service
+of the United States, and its officers and soldiers
+should receive certificates of honorable discharge as
+such.</p>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p>Following is the muster roll:</p>
+
+<p class="center fs120"><em>First Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</em></p>
+
+<p Class="center">FIELD AND STAFF.</p>
+
+<p>[Mustered in April 21, 1861, at Columbus, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt, aid-de-camp to Governor
+of Ohio, mustering officer. Mustered out July 27, 1861, at Camp Chase, Ohio, by George S. Mygatt,
+aid-de-camp to Governor of Ohio, mustering officer.]</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James Barnett</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Colonel.</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed Apr. 21, 1861; mustered out with regiment July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stephen B. Sturges</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Lieutenant-colonel.</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clark S. Gates</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Major.</td>
+<td class="tdc">48</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Amos Townsend</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Quartermaster.</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Elisha Sterling</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Surgeon.</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William E. Standart</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Adjutant.</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Randall Crawford</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">Quartermaster-sergeant.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY A.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William R. Simmonds</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain.</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John A. Bennett</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Samuel M. Cowdery</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thomas J. Thompson</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">M. Eugene Cornell</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James Willis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Trumpeter</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Anson, Edward P.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bailey, Amasa</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">42</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Benjamin, John A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Blair, John H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brewster, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Camp, William M.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Clark, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Cramer, Isaac C.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, Joseph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunn, Richard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kelley, John J.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Milton, John R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Moats, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">New, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rebbeck, Henry H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reynolds, Daniel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sypher, J. Hale</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Throup, David H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Throup, Roger D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Worley, John G.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">June 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY B.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John G. Mack</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Jacob Ruder</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick C. Gruninger</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Mathew Adams</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles B. Rodder</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Beachal, Frederick</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chapin, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dawmann, Joseph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 1, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ebert, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Erhart, Alexander</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fabrian, Louis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fenfil, Christian</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fisher, Louis</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fredericks, Abraham</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Galleger, John</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Gellecker.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gruninger, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 3, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kustner, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lucas, Michael</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">32</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Mangelmann, Adolph</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Nerritta, Leonhard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">35</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nerritter.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Nickel, Lorenze</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Nigel.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Reidenbach, Peter</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schener, Daniel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schoemer, Michael</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Weidenkopf, Nicholas</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Wouley, Andrew</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_97">[Pg 97]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY C.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Frederick W. Pelton</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Samuel Sears</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Francis S. Pelton</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Peter C. Schneider</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">John C. Brainard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">34</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Allen, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Boyen, John H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Brainard, Edward S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 13, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Chaffee, Comfort</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Davis, George R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dean, Charles M.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dunbar, Homer</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 17, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Abel</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, Levi</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fish, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Grotzinger, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hand, James L.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hone, Alexander</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Llewhellen, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Lyon, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Marcellus, Charles E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Roberts, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schmehl, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc"></td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Storrer, Frank S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">April 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Worth, Frederick W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do.</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_98">[Pg 98]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY D.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Percy W. Rice</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James H. Miller</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edwin F. Reeve</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">William H. Hilliard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Norman A. Baldwin</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Champlin, William A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">38</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Absent in hospital at Marietta, Ohio, May 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crawford, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Davis, Daniel S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Edgarton, Warren P.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gardner, Orlando D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Harbeck, John S.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kidd, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Killam, Simon W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Marshall, Alexander, Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Murray, George E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Orland, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Rice, Charles H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Shields, Joseph C.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">33</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Robertson</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sterling, James A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">22</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thatcher, Lorenzo W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Tillotson, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">44</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Wounded July 7, 1861. in battle of Laurel Hill, Va.; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Vincent, Henry G.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Wilson, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY E.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Heckmau</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861: mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">J. Jacob Houck</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry Roth</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Valentine Heckman</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Louis Smithnight</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bommhardt, Jacob</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Breuhler, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Eshenbrenner, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">39</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Hartman, Hermann</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Herig, Charles</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Kuglen, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Payson, George W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Riegler, Albert</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schmidt, Gerhard</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Schwendner, Conrad</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">30</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Sehrt, Wilhelm</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “William.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Jacob</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861; also borne on rolls as “Schmidt.”</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thaller, Frantz</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Trumpy, Henry</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Wetzel, Frederick</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">40</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Wolf, George</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">31</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Zeller, John A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">38</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl bb">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_100">[Pg 100]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">BATTERY F.</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tr>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Name</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Rank</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Age</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Date of entering the service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt br bb">Period of service</td>
+<td class="tdc bt bb">Remarks</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"></td>
+<td class="tdl bl br"></td>
+<td class="tdl"><em>Months</em></td>
+<td class="tdl bl"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dennis Kenny, Jr.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Captain</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Appointed April 21, 1861; mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Henry S. Munger</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First lieutenant</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Jerome B. Burrows</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">First sergeant</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">James H. Coller</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Corporal</td>
+<td class="tdc">28</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Charles D. Lane</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">27</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bartholomew, Myron</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">Private</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Mustered out with battery July 27, 1861.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Bruner, William</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Burrows, Adrian A.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">29</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Crowell, William H. H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">20</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Dorman, Dennis W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">43</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Fitch, Martin L.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">46</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gage, Henry W.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">19</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Gary, Marco B.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">June 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Myers, Addison D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">25</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Paddock, Asher R.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">37</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Proctor, William E.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Ransom, Moses Y.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">May 14, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Smith, Albert D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stoughton, Theodore</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">Apr. 21, 1861</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Stowe, Melvin D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">26</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thorp, Arthur B.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">23</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Thorp, Henry H.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Turner, Erastus D.</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">24</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br">do</td>
+<td class="tdc">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl bb">Viets, Frank</td>
+<td class="tdl bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">21</td>
+<td class="tdc bl br bb">do</td>
+<td class="tdc bb">3</td>
+<td class="tdc bb bl">Do.</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter">
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_101">[Pg 101]</span></p>
+
+<h2 class="nobreak hidden" id="Senate_Bill">Senate Bill</h2>
+
+<p class="center">57TH CONGRESS, 1ST SESSION.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="center">H. R. 619.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES.</p>
+
+<p class="center">June 23, 1902.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Read twice and referred to the Committee on Military
+Affairs.</p>
+
+<hr class="r10">
+
+<p class="center">AN ACT</p>
+
+<div class="poetry-container">
+<div class="poetry">
+  <div class="stanza">
+    <div class="verse indent0">Providing for the recognition of the military service of</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">the officers and enlisted men of the First Regiment</div>
+    <div class="verse indent1">Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery.</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p><em>Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives
+of the United States of America in Congress assembled</em>,
+That the officers and enlisted men of the First
+Regiment Ohio Volunteer Light Artillery (three months’
+service), furnished by the State of Ohio under the call
+of the President of the United States issued on the
+fifteenth day of April, eighteen hundred and sixty-one,
+and which rendered actual military service under the
+command of officers of the United States and in co-operation
+with the regularly organized military forces of the
+United States, shall be held and considered to have been
+in the military service of and to have formed a part of
+the military establishment of the United States during
+the period for which said organization was enlisted and
+was in active service, and that the Secretary of War be,
+and he hereby is, authorized and directed to issue certificates
+of discharge, upon due application and satisfactory
+proof of identity, for all honorably discharged members
+of the said organization: <em>Provided,</em> That no pay,
+bounty, or other emoluments shall become due or payable
+by virtue of the passage of this Act.</p>
+
+<p>Passed the House of Representatives June 20, 1902.</p>
+
+<p>
+Attest: <span style="margin-left: 12em;"><span class="smcap">A. McDowell</span>, <em>Clerk</em>.</span><br>
+</p>
+
+<p>House Bill 619 passed the Senate and became a law in
+January, 1903.</p>
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+
+<div class="chapter"></div>
+<div class="transnote">
+
+<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2>
+
+<ul>
+<li>pg 13 Removed period after: Pickersgill, William</li>
+<li>pg 22 Changed period to comma after: To Colonel James Barnett</li>
+<li>pg 30 Changed  There were no shells or cannister to: canister</li>
+<li>pg 33 Changed period to comma after: Headquarters Dep’t of the Ohio</li>
+<li>pg 45 Added closing ) after: sought a safe place far in the rear.</li>
+<li>pg 57 Changed  march to Laurel Hill,” and anounces to: announces</li>
+<li>pg 59 Changed  shell or a solid shot would he to: be</li>
+<li>pg 73 Changed battles at Philippi, Bealington to: Belington</li>
+<li>pg 82 Changed he could not wait the fomality to: formality</li>
+<li>pg 85 Changed instead of waiting till to-morrow to: tomorrow</li>
+<li>pg 85 Changed to march to Columbus, to-morrow to tomorrow</li>
+<li>pg 94 Added period after: Elisha Sterling  Surgeon</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Benjamin, John A</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Cramer, Isaac C</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Kelley, John J</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Rebbeck, Henry H</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Throup, Roger D</li>
+<li>pg 95 Added period after: Worley, John G</li>
+<li>pg 97 Changed comma to period after: Do (for Grotzinger, William)</li>
+<li>Many hyphenated and non-hyphenated word combinations left as written.</li>
+<li>The table of contents was written by the transcriber.</li>
+</ul>
+
+</div>
+
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