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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/7285-0.txt b/7285-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5550c43 --- /dev/null +++ b/7285-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,813 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Han Shi Wai Chuan, by Song Yu + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Han Shi Wai Chuan + +Author: Song Yu + +Posting Date: May 8, 2009 [EBook #7285] +Release Date: January, 2005 +First Posted: April 7, 2003 + +Language: Chinese + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HAN SHI WAI CHUAN *** + + + + +Produced by Nicole Lai + + + + + + + + + 卷一 + + 曾子仕于莒，得粟三秉，方是之時，曾子重其祿而輕其身；親沒之后 +，齊迎以相，楚迎以令尹，晉迎以上卿，方是之時，曾子重其身而輕其祿 +。怀其寶而迷其國者，不可與語仁；窘其身而約其親者，不可與語孝；任 +重道遠者，不擇地而息；家貧親老者，不擇官而仕。故君子橋褐趨時，當 +務為急。傳云：不逢時而仕，任事而敦其慮，為之使而不入其謀，貧焉故 +也。詩云：“夙夜在公，實命不同。” + 傳曰：夫行露之人許嫁矣，然而未往也，見一物不具，一禮不備，守 +節貞理，守死不往，君子以為得婦道之宜，故舉而傳之，揚而歌之，以絕 +無道之求，防污道之行乎！詩曰：“雖速我訟，亦不爾從。” + 孔子南游，适楚，至于阿谷之隧，有處子佩而浣者。孔子曰：“彼婦 +人其可與言矣乎！”抽觴以授子貢，曰：“善為之辭，以觀其語。”子貢 +曰：“吾、北鄙之人也，將南之楚，逢天之暑，思心潭潭，愿乞一飲，以 +表我心。”婦人對曰：“阿谷之隧，隱曲之泛，其水載清載濁，流而趨海 +，欲飲則飲，何問婦人乎？”受子貢觴，迎流而挹之，奐然而棄之，促流 +而挹之，奐然而溢之，坐、置之沙上，曰：“禮固不親受。”子貢以告。 +孔子曰：“丘知之矣。”抽琴去其軫，以授子貢，曰：“善為之辭，以觀 +其語。”子貢曰：“向子之言，穆如清風，不悖我語，和暢我心。于此有 +琴而無軫，愿借子以調其音。”婦人對曰：“吾，野鄙之人也，僻陋而無 +心，五音不知，安能調琴。”子貢以告。孔子曰：“丘知之矣。”抽五兩 +，以授子貢，曰：“善為之辭，以觀其語。”子貢曰：“吾、北鄙之人也 +，將南之楚。于此有五兩，吾不敢以當子身，敢置之水浦。”婦人對曰： +“客之行，差遲乖人，分其資財，棄之野鄙。吾年甚少，何敢受子，子不 +早去，今竊有狂夫守之者矣。”詩曰：“南有喬木，不可休思。漢有游女 +，不可求思。”此之謂也。哀公問孔子曰：“有智壽乎？”孔子曰：“然 +。人有三死而非命也者，自取之也：居處不理，飲食不節，勞過者，病共 +殺之。居下而好干上，嗜欲不厭，求索不止者，刑共殺之。少以敵眾，弱 +以侮強，忿不量力者，兵共殺之。故有三死而非命者，自取之也。”詩云 +：“人而無儀，不死何為！” + 傳曰：在天者、莫明乎日月，在地者、莫明于水火，在人者、莫明乎 +禮儀。故日月不高，則所照不遠；水火不積，則光炎不博：禮義不加乎國 +家，則功名不白。故人之命在天，國之命在禮。君人者、降禮尊賢而王， +重法愛民而霸，好利多詐而危，權謀傾覆而亡。詩曰：“人而無禮，胡不 +遄死！” + 君子有辯善之度，以治气養性，則身后彭祖；修身自強，則名配堯禹 +；宜于時則達，厄于窮則處，信禮者也。凡用心之術，由禮則理達，不由 +禮則悖亂。飲食衣服，動靜居處，由禮則知節，不由禮則墊陷生疾。容貌 +態度，進退移步，由禮則夷國。政無禮則不行，王事無禮則不成，國無禮 +則不宁，王無禮則死亡無日矣。詩曰：“人而無禮，胡不遄死！” + 傳曰：不仁之至忽其親，不忠之至倍其君，不信之至欺其友。此三者 +、圣王之所殺而不赦也。詩曰：“人而無禮，不死何為！” + 王子比干殺身以成其忠，柳下惠殺身以成其信，伯夷叔齊殺身以成其 +廉，此三子者，皆天下之通士也，豈不愛其身哉！為夫義之不立，名之不 +顯，則士恥之，故殺身以遂其行。由是觀之，卑賤貧窮，非士之恥也；天 +下舉忠而士不與焉，舉信而士不與焉，舉廉而士不與焉，三者存乎身，名 +傳于世，與日月并而息，天不能殺，地不能生，當桀紂之世不之能污也， +然則非惡生而樂死也，惡富貴好貧賤也，由其理，尊貴及己而仕也不辭也 +。孔子曰：“富而可求，雖執鞭之士吾亦為之。”故甋窮而不憫，勞辱而 +不苟，然后能有致也。詩曰：“我心匪石，不可轉也，我心匪席，不可卷 +也。”此之謂也。 + 原憲居魯，環堵之室，茨以蒿萊，蓬戶瓮牖，桷桑而無樞，上漏下濕 +，匡坐而弦歌。子貢乘肥馬，衣輕裘，中紺而表素，軒不容巷，而往見之 +。原憲楮冠黎杖而應門，正冠則纓絕，振襟則肘見，納履則踵決。子貢曰 +：“嘻！先生何病也！”原憲仰而應之曰：“憲聞之：無財之謂貧，學而 +不能行之謂病。憲、貧也，非病也。若夫希世而行，比周而友，學以為人 +，教以為己，仁義之匿，車馬之飾，衣裘之麗，憲不忍為之也。”子貢逡 +巡，面有慚色，不辭而去。原憲乃徐步曳杖，歌商頌而反，聲淪于天地， +如出金石。天子不得而臣也，諸侯不得而友也。故養身者忘家，養志者忘 +身，身且不愛，孰能忝之。詩曰：“琱葹磪菕不可轉也；我心匪席，不可 +卷也。” + 傳曰：所謂士者，雖不能盡備乎道術，必有由也；雖不能盡乎美者， +必有處也。言不務多，務審所行而已，行既已尊之，言既已由之，若肌膚 +性命之不可易也。詩曰：“我心匪石，不可轉也；我心匪席，不可卷也。 +” + 傳曰：君子洁其身而同者合焉，善其音而類者應焉。馬鳴而馬應之， +牛鳴而牛應之，非知也，其勢然也。故新沐者必彈冠，新浴者必振衣，莫 +能以己之，容人之混污然。詩曰：“我心匪鑒，不可以茹。” + 荊伐陳，陳西門坏，因其降民使修之，孔子過而不式。子貢執轡而問 +曰：“禮、過三人則下，二人則式。今陳之修門者眾矣，夫子不為式，何 +也？”孔子曰：“國亡而弗知，不智也；知而不爭，非忠也；亡而不死， +非勇也。修門者雖眾，不能行一于此，吾故弗式也。”詩曰：“憂心悄悄 +，慍于群小。”小人成群，何足禮哉！ + 傳曰：喜名者必多怨，好與者必多辱，唯滅跡于人，能隨天地自然， +為能胜理，而無愛名；名興則道不用，道行則人無位矣。夫利為害本，而 +福為禍先，唯不求利者為無害，不求福者為無禍。詩曰：“不忮不求，何 +用不臧。” + 傳曰：聰者自聞，明者自見，聰明則仁愛著而廉恥分矣。故非道而行 +之，雖勞不至；非其有而求之，雖強不得。故智者不為非其事，廉者不求 +非其有，是以害遠而名彰也。詩云：“不忮不求，何用不臧。” + 傳曰：安命養性者，不待積委而富；名號傳乎世者，不待勢位而顯； +德義暢乎中而無外求也。信哉！賢者之不以天下為名利者也。詩曰：“不 +忮不求，何用不臧。” + 古者、天子左五鐘，將出，則撞黃鐘，而右五鐘皆應之，馬鳴中律， +駕者有文，御者有數，立則磬折，拱則抱鼓，行步中規，折旋中矩，然后 +太師奏升車之樂，告出也。入則撞蕤賓，以治容貌，容貌得則顏色齊，顏 +色齊則肌膚安，蕤賓有聲，鵠震馬鳴，及介之虫，無不延頸以听，在內者 +皆玉色，在外者皆金聲，然后少師奏升堂之樂，即席告入也。此言音樂有 +和，物類相感，同聲相應之義也。詩云：“鐘鼓樂之。”此之謂也。 + 枯魚銜索，几何不蠹！二親之壽，忽如過；樹木欲茂，霜露不凋使； +賢士欲成其名，二親不待。家貧親老，不擇官而仕。詩曰：“雖則如毀， +父母孔邇。”此之謂也。 + 孔子曰：“君子有三憂：弗知，可無憂與！知而不學，可無憂與！學 +而不行，可無憂與！”詩曰：“未見君子，憂心！ + 魯公甫文伯死，其母不哭也。季孫聞之，曰：“公甫文伯之母、貞女 +也。子死不哭，必有方矣。”使人問焉。對曰：“昔、是子也，吾使之事 +仲尼，仲尼去魯，送之，不出魯郊，贈之，不與家珍。病、不見士之視者 +；死、不見士之流淚者；死之日，宮女而從者，十人。此不足于士，而有 +余于婦人也。吾是以不哭也。”詩曰：“乃如之人兮，德音無良”。 + 傳曰：天地有合，則生气有精矣；陰陽消息，則變化有時矣；時得則 +治，時失則亂。故人生而不具者五：目無見，不能食，不能行，不能言， +不能施化。三月微的，而后能見；七月而生齒，而后能食；年髑就，而后 +能行；三年腦合，而后能言；十六精通，而后能施化。陰陽相反，陰以陽 +變，陽以陰變。故男、八月生齒，八歲而齠齒，十六而精化小通。女、七 +月生齒，七歲而齔齒，十四而精化小通。是故陽以陰變，陰以陽變。故不 +肖者、精化始具，而生气感動，触情縱欲，反施化，是以年壽亟夭，而性 +不長也。詩曰：“乃如之人兮，怀婚姻也，太無信也，不知命也。”賢者 +不然，精气闐溢，而后傷時不可過也。不見道端，乃陳情欲，以歌道義。 +詩曰：“靜女其姝，俟我乎城隅，愛而不見，搔首踟躕。瞻彼日月，悠悠 +我思，道之云遠，曷云能來。”急時辭也，是故稱之日月也。 + 楚白公之難，有仕之善者，辭其母，將死君。其母曰：“棄母而死君 +，可乎？”曰：“聞事君者、內其祿而外其身。今之所以養母者，君之祿 +也，請往死之。”比至朝，三廢車中。其仆曰：“子懼、何不反也？”曰 +：“懼、吾私也，死君、吾公也。吾聞君子不以私害公。”遂死之。君子 +聞之曰：“好義哉！必濟矣夫！”詩云：“深則厲，淺則揭。”此之謂也 +。 + 晉靈公之時，宋人殺昭公。趙宣子請師于靈公而救之。靈公曰：“非 +晉國之急也。”宣子曰：“不然。夫大者天地，其次君臣，所以為順也。 +今殺其君，所以反天地、逆人道也，天必加災焉。晉為盟主而不救，天罰 +懼及矣。詩云：‘凡民有喪，匍匐救之。’而況國君乎！”于是靈公乃與 +師而從之。宋人聞之，儼然感說，而晉國日昌，何則？以其誅逆存順。詩 +曰：“凡民有喪，匍匐救之。”趙宣子之謂也。 + 傳曰：水濁則魚喁，令苛則民亂，城削則崩，岸削則陂。故吳起削刑 +而車裂，商鞅峻法而支解。治國者譬若乎張琴然，大弦急，則小弦絕矣。 +故急轡御者、非千里之御也。有聲之聲，不過百里，無聲之聲，延及四海 +。故祿過其功者削，名過其實者損，情行合名，禍福不虛至矣。詩云：“ +何其處也？必有與也。何其久也？必有以也。”故惟其無為，能長生久視 +，而無累于物矣。 + 傳曰：衣服容貌者，所以說目也，應對言語者、所以說耳，好惡去就 +者、所以說心也。故君子衣服中，容貌得，則民之目悅矣；言語遜，應對 +給，則民之耳悅矣；就仁去不仁，則民之心悅矣。三者存乎身，雖不在位 +，謂之素行。故中心存善而日新之，雖獨居而樂，德充而形。詩曰：何其 +處也？必有与也。何其久也？必有以也。” + 仁道有四：慨為下。有圣仁者，有智仁者、有德仁者，有慨仁者。上 +知天，能用其時；下知地，能用其財；中知人，能安樂之；是圣仁者也。 +上亦知天，能用其時；下知地、能用其財；中知人，能使人肆之；是智仁 +也。寬而容眾，百姓信之；道所以至，弗辱以時；是德仁者也。廉洁直方 +，疾亂不治、惡邪不匡；雖居鄉里，若坐涂炭；命入朝廷，如赴湯火；非 +其民、不使，非其食、弗嘗；疾亂世而輕死，弗顧弟兄，以法度之，比于 +不詳，是慨仁者也。傳曰：山銳則不高，水徑則不深，仁慨則其德不厚， +志與天地擬者、其人不祥，是伯夷、叔齊、卞隨、介子推、原憲、鮑焦、 +袁旌目、申徒狄之行也，其所受天命之度，適至是而亡，弗能改也，雖枯 +稿弗舍也。詩云：“亦己焉哉！天實為之，謂之何哉！”慨仁雖下，然圣 +人不廢者、匡民隱括，有在是中者也。 + 申徒狄非其世，將自投于河。崔嘉聞而止之，曰：“吾聞圣人仁士之 +于天地之間也，民之父母也，今為儒雅之故，不救溺人，可乎？”申徒狄 +曰：“不然。桀殺關龍逢、紂殺王子比干，而亡天下。吳殺子胥，陳殺泄 +冶、而滅其國。故亡國殘家，非無圣智也，不用故也。”遂抱石而沉于河 +。君子聞之，曰：“廉矣！如仁歟？則吾未之見也。”詩曰：“天實為之 +，謂之何哉！” + 鮑焦衣弊膚見，挈畚持蔬，遇子貢于道。子貢曰：“吾子何以至于此 +也？”鮑焦曰：“天下之遺德教者、眾矣，吾何以不至于此也！吾聞之： +世不己知而行之不已者、爽行也；上不己用而干之不止者、是毀廉也。行 +爽毀廉，然且弗舍，惑于利者也。”子貢曰：“吾聞之：非其世者、不生 +其利；污其君者、不履其土。非其世而持其蔬，詩曰：‘溥天之下，莫非 +王土。’此誰有之哉？”鮑焦曰：“于戲！吾聞賢者重進而輕退，廉者易 +愧而輕死。”于是棄其蔬而立槁于洛水之上。君子聞之，曰：“廉夫！剛 +哉！夫山銳則不高，水徑則不深，行慨者德不厚，志与天地擬者，其為人 +不祥。鮑焦可謂不祥矣！其節度淺深，适至于是矣！”詩云：“亦已焉哉 +！天實為之，謂之何哉！” + 昔者、周道之盛，邵伯在朝，有司請營邵以居。邵伯曰：“嗟！以吾 +一身，而勞百姓，此非吾先君文王之志也。”于是，出而就蒸庶于阡陌隴 +畝之間，而听斷焉。邵伯暴處遠野，廬于樹下，百姓大悅，耕桑者倍力以 +勸，于是歲大稔，民給家足。其后在位者驕奢，不恤元元，稅賦繁數，百 +姓困乏，耕桑失時。于是詩人見召伯之所休息樹下，美而歌之。詩曰：“ +蔽甘棠，勿剪勿伐，召伯所茇。”此之謂也。 + + 卷二 + 楚庄王圍宋，有七日之糧，曰：“盡此而不克，將去而歸。”于是使 +司馬子反乘闥而窺宋城，宋使華元乘闥而應之。子反曰：“子之國何若矣 +？”華元曰：“憊矣！易子而食之，骸而爨之。”子反曰：“嘻！甚矣憊 +。雖然，吾聞圍者之國，箝馬而抹之，使肥者應客。今何吾子之情也？” +華元曰：“吾聞君子見人之困則矜之，小人見人之困則幸之。吾望見吾子 +似于君子，是以情也。”子反曰：“諾。子其勉之矣！吾軍有七日糧爾！ +”揖而去。子反告庄王，庄王曰：“若何？”子反曰：“憊矣！易子而食 +之，遂骸而爨之。”庄王曰：“嘻！甚矣憊。今得此而歸爾。”子反曰： +“不可。吾已告之矣，曰：軍亦有七日糧爾。”庄王怒曰：“吾使子視之 +，子曷為而告之？”子反曰：“區區之宋，猶有不欺之臣，何以楚國而無 +乎？吾是以告之也。”庄王曰：“雖然，吾子今得此而歸爾。”子反曰： +“王請處此，臣請歸耳。”王曰：“子去我而歸，吾孰与處乎此？吾將從 +子而歸。”遂師而歸。君子善其平已也，華元以誠告子反，得以解圍，全 +二國之命。詩云：“彼姝者子，何以告之。”君子善其以誠相告也。 + 魯監門之女嬰相從績，中夜而泣涕。其偶曰：“何謂而泣也？”嬰曰 +：“吾聞衛世子不肖，所以泣也。”其偶曰：“衛世子不肖，諸侯之憂也 +，子曷為泣也？”嬰曰：“吾聞之异乎子之言也。昔者、宋之桓司馬得罪 +于宋君，出于魯，其馬佚而從吾園，而食吾園之葵，是歲、吾聞園人亡利 +之半。越王勾踐起兵而攻吳，諸侯畏其威，魯往獻女，吾姊与焉，兄往視 +之，道畏而死。越兵威者、吳也，兄死者、我也。由是觀之，禍与福相反 +也。今衛世子甚不肖，好兵，吾男弟三人，能無憂乎？”詩曰：“大夫跋 +涉，我心則憂。”是非類与乎！ + 高子問于孟子曰：“夫嫁娶者、非己所自親也，衛女何以得編于詩也 +？”孟子曰：“有衛女之志則可，無衛女之志則怠。若伊尹于太甲，有伊 +尹之志則可，無伊尹之志則篡。夫道二：常之謂經，變之謂權，怀其常道 +，而挾其變權，乃得為賢。夫衛女、行中孝，慮中圣，權如之何？”詩曰 +：“既不我嘉，不能旋反。視爾不臧，我思不遠。” + 楚庄王听朝罷晏。樊姬下堂而迎之，曰：“何罷之晏也？得無飢倦乎 +？”庄王曰：“今日听忠賢之言，不知飢倦也。”樊姬曰：“王之所謂忠 +賢者，諸侯之客歟？中國之士歟？”庄王曰：“則沈令尹也！”樊姬掩口 +而笑。庄王曰：“姬之所笑，何也？”姬曰：“妾得于王，尚湯沐，執巾 +櫛，振衽席，十有一年矣；然妾未嘗不遣人之梁鄭之間，求美女而進之于 +王也；与妾同列者、十人，賢于妾者、二人，妾豈不欲擅王之寵哉！不敢 +私愿蔽眾美，欲王之多見則娛。今沈令尹相楚數年矣，未嘗見進賢而退不 +肖也，又焉得為忠賢乎！”庄王旦朝，以樊姬之言告沈令尹，令尹避席而 +進孫叔敖。叔敖治楚，三年，而楚國霸。楚史援筆而書之于策，曰：“楚 +之霸，樊姬之力也。”詩曰：“百爾所思，不如我所之。”樊姬之謂也！ + 閔子騫始見于夫子，有菜色，后有芻豢之色。子貢問曰：“子始有菜 +色，今有芻豢之色，何也？”閔子曰：“吾出蒹葭之中，入夫子之門，夫 +子內切?以孝，外為之陳王法，心竊樂之；出見羽蓋龍旗裘旃相隨，心又樂 +之；二者相攻炊丑A而不能任，是以有菜色也。今被夫子之文深，又賴二 +三子切而進之，內明于去就之義，出見羽蓋龍旗旃裘隨，視之如壇土矣， +是以有芻豢之色。”詩曰：“如切如，如琢如磨。” + 傳曰：“昔而雨者，何也？”曰：“無何也，猶不雨而雨也。”“星 +墜木鳴，國人皆恐，何也？”“是天地之變，陰陽之化，物之罕至者也， +怪之、可也，畏之，非也。夫日月之薄蝕，怪星之党見，風雨之不時，是 +無世而不嘗有也，上明政平，是雖并至，無傷也；上政險，是雖無一，無 +益也。夫万物之有災，人妖最可畏也。”曰：“何謂人妖乎？”曰：“枯 +耕傷稼，枯耘傷歲，政險失民；田穢稼惡，糴貴民飢，道有死人；寇盜并 +起，上下乖窮离，鄰人相暴，對門相盜，禮義不修；牛馬相生，六畜作妖 +；臣下殺上，父子相疑，是謂人妖，是生于亂。”傳曰：“天地之災，隱 +而廢也；萬物之怪，書不說也。無用之變，不急之災，棄而不治；若夫君 +臣之義，父子之親，男女之別，切而不舍也。”詩曰：“如切如琢，如琢 +如磨。” + 孔子曰：“口欲味，心欲佚，教之以仁；心欲兵，身惡勞，教之以恭 +；好辯論而畏懼，教之以勇；目好色，耳好聲，教之以義。”易曰：“艮 +其限，列銦插因厲熏心。”詩曰：“吁嗟女兮，無與士耽。”皆防邪禁佚 +，調和心志。 + 高牆丰上激下，未必崩也；降雨興，流潦至，則崩必先矣。草木根淺 +，未必撅也；飄風興，暴雨墜，則撅必先矣。君子居是邦也，不崇仁義， +尊賢臣，以理万物，未必亡也；一旦有非常之變，諸侯交爭，人趨車馳， +迫然禍至，乃始憂愁，干喉焦唇，仰天而嘆，庶几乎望其安也，不亦晚乎 +！孔子曰：“不慎其前，而悔其后。”嗟乎！雖悔無及矣。詩曰：“掇其 +泣矣，何嗟及矣。” + 曾子曰：“君子有三言可貫而佩之：一曰：無內疏而外親，二曰：身 +不善而怨他人，三曰：患至而后呼天。”子貢曰：“何也？”曾子曰：“ +內疏而外親，不亦反乎！身不善而怨他人，不亦遠乎！患至而后呼天，不 +亦晚乎！”詩曰：“菲第撠藈嚝伔狾L！ + 夫霜雪雨露、殺生万物者也，天無事焉，猶之貴天也。執法厭文，治 +官治民者、有司也，君無事焉，猶之尊君也。夫辟土殖谷者、后稷也，決 +江流河者，禹也，听獄執中者，皋陶也，然而圣后者，堯也。故有道以御 +之，身雖無能也，必使能者為己用也；無道以御之，彼雖多能，猶將無益 +于存亡矣。詩曰：“執轡如組，兩驂如舞。”貴能御也。 + 傳曰：孔子云：“美哉！顏無父之御也。馬知后有輿而輕之，知上有 +人而愛之，馬親其正，而愛其事，如使馬能言，彼將必曰：‘樂哉！今日 +之騶也。’至于顏淪少衰矣，馬知后有輿而輕之，知上有人而敬之，馬親 +其正，而敬其事，如使馬能言，彼將必曰：‘騶來！其人之使我也。’至 +于顏夷而衰矣，馬知后有輿而重之，知上有人而畏之，馬親其正，而畏其 +事，如使馬能言，彼將必曰：‘騶來！騶來！女不騶，彼將殺女。”故御 +馬有法矣，御民有道矣，法得則馬和而歡，道得則民安而集。詩曰：‘執 +轡如組，兩驂如舞。’馱尿蚺。” + 顏淵侍坐魯定公于台，東野畢御馬于台下。定公曰：“善哉！東野畢 +之御也。”顏淵曰：“善則善矣！其馬將佚矣。”定公不說，以告左右曰 +：“聞君子不譖人，君子亦譖人乎？”顏淵退，俄而、廄人以東野畢馬佚 +聞矣。定公揭席而起，曰：“趣駕召顏淵。”顏淵至，定公曰：“鄉寡人 +曰：‘善哉！東野畢之御也。’吾子曰：‘善則善矣！然則馬將佚矣。’ +不識吾子以何知之？”顏淵曰：“臣以政知之。昔者舜工于使人，造父工 +于使馬，舜不窮其民，造父不极其馬，是以舜無佚民，造父無佚馬。今東 +野畢之上車執轡，御体正矣，周旋步驟，朝禮畢矣，歷險致遠，馬力殫矣 +，然猶策之不已，所以知佚也。”定公曰：“善。可少進。”顏淵曰：“ +獸窮則嚙，鳥窮則啄，人窮則詐。自古及今，窮其下能不危者，未之有也 +。詩曰：‘執轡如組，兩驂如舞。’善御之謂也。”定公曰：“寡人之過 +矣。” + 崔杼s庄公，合士大夫盟，盟者皆脫劍而入，言不疾，措血至者死， +所殺者十余人，次及晏子，奉杯血，仰天而嘆曰：“惡乎！崔杼將為無道 +，而殺其君。”于是盟者皆視之。崔杼謂晏子曰：“子与我，吾將与子分 +國；子不与，我殺子。直兵將推之，曲兵將鉤之。吾愿子之圖之也。”晏 +子曰：“留以利而倍其君，非仁也；劫以刃而失其志者、非勇也。詩曰： +‘莫莫葛?，延于條枚。愷悌君子，求福不回。’嬰其可回矣！直兵推之， +曲兵鉤之，嬰不之革也。”崔杼曰：“舍晏子。”晏子起而出，授綏而乘 +，其仆馳，晏子撫其手曰：“麋鹿在山林，其命在庖廚。命有所懸，安在 +疾驅。”安行成節，然后去之。詩曰：“羔裘如濡，恂直且侯；彼已之子 +，舍命不偷。”晏子之謂也。 + 楚昭王有士曰石奢，其為人也，公而好直，王使為理。于是道有殺人 +者，石奢追之，則父也，還返于廷，曰：“殺人者，臣之父也。以父成政 +，非孝也；不行君法，非忠也；弛罪廢法，而伏其辜，臣之所守也。”遂 +伏斧噳，曰：“命在君。”君曰：“追而不及，庸有罪乎？子其治事矣。 +”石奢曰：“不然。不私其父，非孝也；不行君法、非忠也；以死罪生、 +不廉也。君欲赦之，上之惠也；臣不能失法，下之義也。”遂不去榥噳， +刎頸而死乎廷。君子聞之曰：“貞夫法哉！石先生乎！”孔子曰：“子為 +父隱，父為子隱，直在其中矣。”詩曰：“彼已之子，邦之司直。”石先 +生之謂也。 + 外寬而內直，自設于隱括之中，直己不直人，善廢而不悒悒，蘧伯玉 +之行也。故為人父者，則愿以為子，為人子者，則愿以為父，為人君者、 +則愿以為臣，為人臣者，則愿以為君。名昭諸侯，天下愿焉。詩曰：“彼 +已之子，邦之彥兮。”此君子之行也。 + 傳曰：孔子遭齊程本子于郯之間，傾蓋而語，終日，有間，顧子路曰 +：“由，東帛十匹，以贈先生。”子路不對，有間，又顧曰：“東帛十匹 +，以贈先生。”子路率爾而對曰：“昔者、由也聞之于夫子，士不中道相 +見，女無媒而嫁者、君子不行也。”孔子曰：“夫詩不云乎！野有蔓草， +零露`兮。有美一人，清揚婉兮。邂逅相遇，适我愿兮。且夫齊程本子， +天下之賢士也，吾于是不贈，終身不之見也。大德不菖閑，小德出入可也 +。” + 君子有主善之心，而無胜人之色；德足以君天下，而無驕肆之容；行 +足以及后世，而不以一言非人之不善。故曰：君子盛德而卑，虛己以受人 +，旁行不流，應物而不窮，雖在下位，民愿戴之，雖欲無尊，得乎哉！詩 +曰：“彼己之子，美如英，美如英，殊异乎公行。” + 君子易和而難狎也，易懼而不可劫也，畏患而不避義死，好利而不為 +所非，交親而不比，言辯而不亂。蕩蕩乎！其易不可失也，慨乎！其廉而 +不劌也，溫乎！其仁厚之光大也，超乎！其有以殊于世也。詩曰：“美如 +玉，美如玉，殊异乎公族。” + 商容嘗執羽鑰，馮于馬徒，欲以伐紂而不能，遂去，伏于太行。及武 +王克殷，立為天子，欲以為三公。商容辭曰：“吾常馮于馬徒，欲以伐紂 +而不能，愚也；不爭而隱，無勇也；愚且無勇，不足以備乎三公。”遂固 +辭不受命。君子聞之曰：“商容可謂內省而不誣能矣！君子哉！去素餐遠 +矣！”詩曰：“彼君子兮，不素餐兮。”商先生之謂也。 + 晉文侯使李离為大理，過听殺人，自拘于廷，請死于君。君曰：“官 +有貴賤，罰有輕重，下吏有罪，非子之罪也。”李离對曰：“臣居官為長 +，不与下吏讓位；受爵為多，不與下吏分利。今過听殺人，而下吏蒙其死 +，非所聞也。不受命。”君曰：“自以為罪，則寡人亦有罪矣。”李离曰 +：“法失則刑，刑失則死。君以臣為能听微決疑，故使臣為理。今過听殺 +人之罪，罪當死。”君曰：“棄位委官，伏法亡國，非所望也。趣去，無 +憂寡人之心。”李离對曰：“政亂國危，君之憂也；軍敗卒亂，將之憂也 +。夫無能以事君，行以臨官，是無功不公食祿也。臣不能以虛自誣。”遂 +伏劍而死。君子聞之曰：“忠矣乎！”詩曰：“彼君子兮，不素餐兮。” +李先生之謂也。 + 楚狂接輿躬耕以食。其妻之市，未返，楚王使使者賚金百鎰，造門曰 +：“大王使臣奉金百鎰，愿請先生治河南。”接輿笑而不應，使者遂不得 +辭而去。妻從市而來曰：“先生少而為義，豈將老而遺之哉！門外車軼， +何其深也！”接輿曰：“今者、王使使者賚金百鎰，欲使我治河南。”其 +妻曰：“豈許之乎？”曰：“未也。”妻曰：“君使不從，非忠也；從之 +，是遺義也。不如去之。”乃夫負釜甑，妻戴經器，變易姓字，莫知其所 +之。論語曰： +“色斯舉矣，翔而后集。”接輿之妻是也。詩曰：“逝將去汝，适彼樂土 +；樂土樂土，爰得我所。” + 昔者桀為酒池糟堤，縱靡靡之樂，而牛飲者三千，群臣皆相持而歌， +“江水沛兮！舟楫敗兮！我王廢兮！趣歸于亳，亳亦大兮！”又曰：“樂 +兮樂兮！四壯驕兮！六轡沃兮！去不善兮善，何不樂兮！”伊尹知大命之 +將去，舉觴造桀曰：“君王不听臣言，大命去矣，亡無日矣。”桀相然而 +\，盍然而笑曰：“子又妖言矣。吾有天下，猶天之有日也，日有亡乎？ +日亡，吾亦亡也。”于是伊尹接履而趨，遂适于湯，湯以為相。可謂适彼 +樂土，爰得其所矣。詩曰：“逝將去汝，适彼樂土；樂土樂土，爰得我所 +。” + 伊尹去夏入殷，田饒去魯适燕，介之推去晉入山。田饒事魯哀公而不 +見察，田饒謂哀公曰：“臣將去君，黃鵠舉矣。”哀公曰：“何謂也？” +曰：“君獨不見夫雞乎！首戴冠者，文也，足搏距者，武也，敵在前敢斗 +者、勇也，得食相告，仁也，守夜不失時，信也。雞有此五德，君猶日瀹 +而食之者，何也？則以其所從來者近也。夫黃鵠一舉千里，止君園池，食 +君魚鱉，啄君黍粱，無此五者，君猶貴之，以其所從來者遠矣。臣將去君 +，黃鵠舉矣！”哀公曰：“止。吾將書子言也。”田饒曰：“臣聞：食其 +食者，不毀其器；陰其樹者，不折其枝。有臣不用，何書其言？”遂去， +之燕。燕立以為相，三年，燕政大平，國無盜賊。哀公喟然太息，為之辟 +寢三月，減損上服。曰：“不慎其前，而悔其后，何可复得。”詩云：“ +逝將去汝，适彼樂國；樂國樂國，爰得我直。” + 子賤治單父，彈鳴琴，身不下堂，而單父治。巫馬期以星出，以星入 +，日夜不處，以身親之，而單父亦治。巫馬期問于子賤，子賤曰：“我任 +人，子任力。任人者佚，任力者勞。”人謂子賤，則君子矣，佚四肢，全 +耳目，平心气，而百官理，任其數而已。巫馬期則不然，乎然事惟，勞力 +教詔，雖治，猶未至也。詩曰：“子有衣裳，弗曳弗婁；子有車馬，弗馳 +弗驅。” + 子路曰：“士不能勤苦，不能輕死亡，不能恬貧窮，而曰我行義，吾 +不信也。昔者申包胥立于秦廷，七日七夜，哭不絕聲，是以存楚，不能勤 +苦，焉得行此！比干且死，而諫愈忠；伯夷叔齊餓于首陽，而志益彰；不 +輕死亡，焉能行此。曾子褐衣緒，未嘗完也，米之食，未嘗飽也；義不之 +合，則辭上卿，不恬貧窮，焉能行此！夫士欲立身行道，無顧難易，然后 +能行之；欲行義白名，無顧利害，然后能行之。”詩曰：“彼己之子，碩 +大且篤。”良非篤修身行之君子，其孰能与之哉！ + 子路与巫馬期薪于韞丘之下，陳之富人有虞師氏者，脂車百乘，觴于 +韞丘之上。子路与巫馬期曰：“使子無忘子之所知，亦無進子之所能，得 +此富，終身無复見夫子，子為之乎？”巫馬期喟然仰天而嘆，熽然投潪于 +地，曰：“吾嘗聞之夫子，勇士不忘喪其元，志士仁人不忘在溝壑。子不 +知予与？試予与？意者、其志与？”子路心慚，故負薪先歸。孔子曰：“ +由來，何為偕出而先返也？”子路曰：“向也，由与巫馬期薪于韞丘之下 +，陳之富人有處師氏者，脂車百乘，觴于韞丘之上，由謂巫馬期曰：‘使 +子無忘子之所知，亦無進子之所能，得此富，終身無复見夫子，子為之乎 +？’巫馬期喟然仰天而嘆，熽然投潪于地，曰：‘吾嘗聞夫子：勇士不忘 +喪其元，志士仁人不忘在溝壑。子不知予与？試予与？意者，其志与？’ +由也心慚，故先負薪歸。”孔子援琴而彈：“詩曰：‘肅肅鴇羽，集于苞 +栩。王事靡崢，不能稷黍。父母何怙？悠悠蒼天，曷其有所？’予道不行 +邪，使汝愿者。” + 孔子曰：“士有五：有鴯笳擼燦屑腋緩裾擼燦凶視潞氛擼燦行鬧腔菡 +擼燦忻裁籃者。有鴯笳擼膊灰園疵襉幸謇恚捕匆員健腋緩裾擼膊灰哉袂罹 +炔蛔悖捕匆猿廾無度。資勇悍者，不以衛上攻戰，而反以侵陵私斗。心智 +惠者，不以端計數，而反以事奸飾詐。貌美好者，不以統朝蒞民，而反以 +蠱女從欲。此五者，所謂士失其美質者也。詩曰：“溫其如玉，在其板屋 +，亂我心曲。” + 上之人所遇，色為先，聲音次之，事行為后。故望而宜為人君者、容 +也，近而可信者、色也，發而安中者、言也，久而可觀者、行也。故君子 +容色，天下儀象而望之，不假言而知為人君者。詩曰：“顏如渥丹，其君 +也哉！” + 子夏讀詩已畢。夫子問曰：“爾亦何大于詩矣？”子夏對曰：“詩之 +于事也，昭昭乎若日月之光明，燎燎乎如星辰之錯行，上有堯舜之道，下 +有三王之義，弟子不敢忘，雖居蓬戶之中，彈琴以詠先王之風，有人亦樂 +之，無人亦樂之，亦可發憤忘食矣。詩曰：‘衡門之下，可以栖遲；泌之 +洋洋，可以樂飢。’”夫子造然變容，曰：“嘻！吾子始可以言詩已矣， +然子以見其表，未見其里。”顏淵曰：“其表已見，其里又何有哉？”孔 +子曰：“窺其門，不入其中，安知其奧藏之所在乎！然藏又非難也。丘嘗 +悉心盡志，已入其中，前有高岸，后有深谷，冷冷然如此既立而已矣，不 +能見其里，未謂精微者也。” + 傳曰：國無道，則飄風厲疾，暴雨折木，陰陽錯氛，夏寒冬溫，春熱 +秋榮，日月無光，星辰錯行，民多疾病，國多不祥，群生不壽，而五谷不 +登。當成周之時，陰陽調，寒暑平，群生遂，万物宁，故曰：其風治，其 +樂連，其驅馬舒，其民依依，其行遲遲，其意好好，詩曰：“匪風發兮， +匪車偈兮。顧瞻周道，中心怛兮。” + 夫治气養心之術：血气剛強，則務之以調和；智慮潛深，則一之以易 +諒；勇毅強果，則輔之以道術；齊給便捷，則安之以靜退；卑攝貪利，則 +抗之以高志；容眾好散，則劫之以師友；怠慢檡蒼恐匆曰鱸鄭蒼竿穸隧 +蒼蚝現匆岳窶幀倉紋鬧詞材熬隊衫瘢材优得師，莫慎一好。好一則博，博 +則精，精則神，神則化，是以君子務結心乎一也。詩曰：“淑人君子，其 +儀一兮，其儀一兮，心如結兮。” + 玉不琢，不成器；人不學，不成行。家有千金之玉，不知治，猶之貧 +也；良工宰之，則富及子孫。君子謀之，則為國用。故動則安百姓，議則 +延民命。詩曰：“淑人君子，正是國人；正是國人，胡不万年。” + 嫁女之家，三夜不息燭，思相离也。取婦之家，三日不舉樂，思嗣親 +也。是故婚禮不賀，人之序也。三月而廟見，稱來婦也。厥明見舅姑，舅 +姑降于西階，婦升自阼階，授之室也。憂思三日，不殺三月，孝子之情也 +。故禮者、因人情為文。詩曰：“親結其縭，九十其儀。”言多儀也。 + 原天命，治心術，理好惡，适情性，而治道畢矣。原天命則不惑禍福 +，不惑禍福則動靜修。治心術則不妄喜怒，不妄喜怒則賞罰不阿。理好惡 +則不貪無用，不貪無用則不害物性。适情性則不過欲，不過欲則養性知足 +。四者不求于外，不假于人，反諸已而存矣。夫人者、說人者也，形而為 + + + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Han Shi Wai Chuan, by Song Yu + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HAN SHI WAI CHUAN *** + +***** This file should be named 7285-0.txt or 7285-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/7/2/8/7285/ + +Produced by Nicole Lai + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United 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+ѺAMӷABmFWAG§T˨Cl^HiC +դlGCoC^hHAH¤l^AGAH[ +yCl^GVlAppMAڻyAMZڤߡC_ +^ӵLHA@ɤlHը䭵CHG^AH]AӵL +ߡAAwյ^Cl^HiCդlGCoC⤭ +AH¤l^AGAH[yCl^G^B_H] +ANnC_A^HlAmCHG +ȤAtĤHA]AC^~Ƥ֡AlAl +hAѦgҦųoC֤GnAiC~k +AiDCפ]CsݤդlGإGHդlGM +CHTӫDR]̡Aۨ]G~BzA`AҹL̡Af@ +C~UӦnzWAݱAD̡AD@C֥HIJAz +HVjAqO̡AL@CGTӫDR̡Aۨ]C֤ +GHӵLAI + ǤGbѪ̡BGAba̡B_AbH̡BG +§CG뤣AhҷӤFnAhաG§q[G +aAh\WաCGHRbѡAꤧRb§CgH̡B§LӤA +kRQAnQhBӦMAvѶЦӤ`C֤GHӵL§AJ +ࡦI + glGסAHvaiʡAhZ^Fר۱jAhWt +Fy_ɫhFA̤_ahBAH§̤]CZΤߤNA§hzFA +§háCAAR~BA§h`A§hԳͯeCe +AסAihBA§hiCFL§hAƵL§hAL§ +hrAL§h`LoC֤GHӵL§AJࡦI + ǤGܩˡAܭgAHܴۨ͡CT +BoұӤj]C֤GHӵL§AI + lzH䩾AhUfHHABiH +GATl̡AҤѤUqh]AZR䨭vIҸqߡAW +AhhAGHECѬO[AhaADh]F +U|ӤhPjA|HӤhPjA|GӤhPjAȚsGAW +Ǥ_@AP}ӮAѤAa͡A@ä]A +MhDcͦӼ֦]AcIQnh]AѨzALQΤvӥK]] +CդlGIӥiDA@h^笰CGiaӤAҰd +eAMZP]C֤Gڤ߭ۡAi]Aڤ߭uAi +]Cפ]C + ˩~|AǡAHUܡAؼAӵLϡAW|U +AJөqCl^ΰA维ʡAӪAaeѡAө +C˴ثaAahյA̫hyAǼihMCl^ +GHIͦf]I˥G˻DGL]׳hAǦ +椧ׯfCˡBh]ADf]CYҧƥ@ӦAPӤ͡AǥHH +AХHvAqΡAAʤRAˤԬ]Cl^ +AFAӥhCˤD}BAqӹ|ӤϡAn__ѦaA +pXۡCѤloӦڤ]AѫJoӤͤ]CGi̧ѮaAiӪ̧ +ABRAEC֤Gڤ߭ۡi]Fڤ߭uAi +]C + ǤGҿפh̡AɳƥGDNAѤ]FɥG̡A +B]CȦhAȼfҦӤwAJwLAJwѤAYٽ 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+ܤHӡFenAhTHv͡FCa^tGaͥG@ +a̲{^겴VܯxmIɬovAV@nCn@hաA +hAhAhơAOHglȵߥG@]C֤GQHglA +@A@AߦpC + ɤZAFHǡACadɡAvASh +]F}u_AhIΤl]CglѤAhΡCGʫhwʩmAijh +RC֤GQHglAOHFOHAJE~C + kaAT]Aä]CaAT餣|֡A +]COGB§PAHǤ]CTӼqA٨Ӱ]C֩hA +h_趥AɦڶA¤Ǥ]C~TATAl] +CG§̡B]HC֤G˵СAEQCh]C + ѩRAv߳NAzncA챡ʡAӪvDoCѩRhb +Ab֫hRסCv߳Nhk߫Ak߫h@Cznc +hgLΡAgLΫh`ʡC챡ʫhLALhiʪ +C|̤D_~A_HAϽѤwӦsoCҤH̡BH̤]AΦӬ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Han shi wai chuan, by Song yu + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HAN SHI WAI CHUAN *** + +This file should be named 8han110.txt or 8han110.zip +Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks get a new NUMBER, 8han111.txt +VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, 8han111a.txt + +Produced by Nicole Lai <nicolelaii@yahoo.com.tw> + +Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US +unless a copyright notice is included. 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