summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
-rw-r--r--.gitattributes13
-rw-r--r--79231-0.txt886
-rw-r--r--79231-h/79231-h.htm1158
-rw-r--r--79231-h/images/cover.jpgbin0 -> 115799 bytes
-rw-r--r--79231-h/images/title.jpgbin0 -> 29321 bytes
-rw-r--r--LICENSE.txt11
-rw-r--r--README.md1
7 files changed, 2069 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f57f44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+* text=auto
+*.txt text
+*.md text
+*.htm text
+*.html text
+*.png binary
+*.jpg binary
+*.svg text
+*.pdf binary
+*.bmp binary
+*.zip binary
+*.midi binary
+*.mp3 binary
diff --git a/79231-0.txt b/79231-0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9309948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/79231-0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,886 @@
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79231 ***
+
+
+
+
+ Judge Ben B. Lindsey
+
+ ON
+
+ The Child--The Movie--and
+ Censorship
+
+ “I defy anyone to show that one city or state with
+ censorship is any better than other cities or states
+ like our own where there is no censorship.”
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ “The movie is a real League of Nations, binding the
+ world together through seeing that they are all just
+ the same as each other.”
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ “Pontius Pilate was the first great censor.”
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ “I believe in real religion and real education.”
+
+ [Illustration]
+
+ Motion Picture Producers & Distributors of America, Inc.
+
+ WILL H. HAYS, Pres. 469 Fifth Avenue
+ New York City
+
+
+
+
+Judge Ben B. Lindsey
+
+_Judge of the Juvenile and Family Court of Denver, Colorado._
+
+
+Judge Lindsey is one of the best known of Americans. He is an authority
+on child welfare and juvenile treatment--a writer of note on the
+subject, a lecturer, a man whose opinions are sought.
+
+In January, 1899, he was appointed public guardian and administrator
+of the County Court of Denver, that under the first Colorado Juvenile
+law of April 12th, 1899, became the Juvenile Court. The following year
+he was appointed, and ten times since has been elected Judge of that
+Court, in which he is now serving his twenty-sixth year. In Who’s Who
+for 1925 he is listed as the “promoter of the juvenile court system and
+originator of some of its features and has international reputation as
+an authority upon juvenile delinquency.”
+
+Judge Lindsey is author of the Colorado Juvenile Court laws and with
+his collaborator (Wainwright Evans) the recent much discussed book “The
+Revolt of Modern Youth.” In this book Judge Lindsey takes a firm stand
+against censorship.
+
+The following address was delivered by Judge Lindsey at the Fourth
+National Motion Picture Conference in Chicago, Ill., in February, 1926.
+
+
+
+
+The Child--The Movie--and Censorship
+
+By JUDGE BEN B. LINDSEY
+
+
+ Ladies and Gentlemen:
+
+As stated in your program, “This is an open conference with a free
+platform--all are welcome.”
+
+I trust that I may be of some service. Even though we differ in
+methods, our purposes are the same. We want clean, wholesome motion
+pictures and we want to protect the youth of this country against any
+evil in this popular form of entertainment, as well as to secure for
+them the best that is to be had in this new, marvelous method of human
+expression. And whatever may be our differences, I wish to express my
+own appreciation of the value of an association like this in bringing
+about a free and open discussion that may help to disclose to us real
+remedies against the evils that we all oppose.
+
+I have friends here in this conference with whom I differ as to methods
+to that end, but I have the highest respect for the sincerity of their
+purposes, as I believe they will have for mine. =For my views on the
+subject of governmental censorship are well known. They have been
+formulated after nearly twenty-seven years of experience in a Juvenile
+Court that came into existence under our Colorado law of 1899=--the
+same year as that of the Juvenile Court of your own great city of
+Chicago, which, next to Denver, I count as home, because here reside
+some of my dearest friends.
+
+
+VIEWS ARE WELL-KNOWN
+
+When it was suggested that, having engagements in and about Chicago,
+under the auspices of the Redpath Lyceum Bureau, having its main
+offices here, I might be of service in presenting my views on
+censorship at this meeting, I said I would prefer to do so under the
+auspices of some disinterested group. As a result of this preference,
+you have heard read the request of Mrs. Virginia Palmer, Chairman
+of the Motion Picture Division of our Colorado State Parent-Teacher
+Association, requesting that I be heard here.
+
+However, I wish to assure you that this is not by way of any apology
+whatever in presenting these views under any auspices, interested or
+disinterested. There can be no crime in any event for a man to do that
+when his sincere views are as well known as mine are and as, in recent
+years, they have been expressed literally hundreds of times.
+
+ =In nearly every public lecture I have given on childhood and crime
+ during recent years, I have stated over and over again my opposition
+ to governmental censorship of the movies as a remedy for evil.=
+
+In our recent book, THE REVOLT OF MODERN YOUTH, we took a firm stand
+against Censorship, and within a few days, it will be exactly five
+years ago that, in the City of Detroit, I delivered an address dealing
+with censorship and crime in the movies. That address was very widely
+circulated. Part of it was printed and thousands of copies were
+distributed. And so, when I left Denver with the request of Mrs.
+Virginia Palmer, the State Chairman of Motion Pictures of our State
+Parent-Teacher Association, that I take part in this conference, I
+redictated an old address of five years ago and brought it with me. To
+this I have added some more extended observations in confirmation of
+the conclusions there expressed after much thought, much study and much
+experience.
+
+
+SANER METHODS BY COOPERATION
+
+ =This all compels me to favor what I consider the saner, more
+ constructive censorship by cooperation between social agencies, the
+ public, the producers and exhibitors as against what I believe to be
+ the more questionable and dangerous power of governmental censorship.=
+
+Mrs. Palmer, the Chairman of the Motion Picture Department of our
+State Parent-Teacher Association, supplied me for this meeting with
+considerable literature of that organization in support of their
+stand for the former kind of censorship as against the latter. The
+Parent-Teacher Association of Colorado is a part of that great national
+organization of the best motherhood and womanhood of this country. In
+recent years, they conducted a series of discussions and debates on the
+entire subject of so-called “censorship” or state regulation of motion
+pictures. This involved an investigation of what is being done in this
+regard in all other cities and states. It resulted in the adoption
+at their State Convention at Colorado Springs in May 1921, of the
+following resolutions:
+
+ =WHEREAS, The picture loving public should be given an opportunity to
+ act as their own censors, and=
+
+ =WHEREAS, Pictures cannot be adapted to the mentality of the lowest
+ type of person and potential criminals are much in the minority, and
+ therefore, may not be considered as representing the patronage of the
+ Motion Picture Theatre, and=
+
+ =WHEREAS, All lasting reforms are derived from within,=
+
+ =BE IT RESOLVED: That it be the continued policy of the Mothers
+ Congress and Parent-Teacher Associations to work for the Better Film
+ movement through cooperation, selection and for public education.=
+
+
+EDUCATION AND SELECTION
+
+This organization has never found any reason to change their opinion
+thus expressed. At their recent state convention, they again reaffirmed
+it. A most successful constructive work, formulated at their state
+conventions, has been carried on in behalf of better pictures. They
+oppose censorship with their motto: “Education and Selection.”
+In addition to this definite plan, there is a constant propaganda
+carried on among its various units for the type of picture that they
+think deserves encouragement. Their efforts to create a public demand
+for better pictures and to support the producers and exhibitors in
+their efforts to furnish them, has been so superior to any city
+or state censorship boards that any demand for any such remedy in
+Colorado has become extinct. No one would think of giving it the
+slightest encouragement in face of the big, constructive work of the
+Parent-Teacher organization of our state.
+
+I am glad to avail myself, not only of the privilege afforded through
+the request referred to, that I take part in this program, but also to
+give some of my own views, after more than a quarter of a century in
+the Juvenile Court, on the whole subject of the problem of good and
+evil as it relates to motion pictures.
+
+
+THE MOVIES, CENSORSHIP AND CRIME
+
+I do not agree with those who claim that crime among youth is so
+largely due to what is shown in motion pictures. Of course, some of the
+weak-minded and the vicious have doubtless been stimulated to crime by
+something good or bad that they have seen in the movies. This may also
+be said of what they have read in the Bible, the newspapers, magazines
+and all kinds of literature, or through the misuse of automobiles,
+dancing or music. =But we must always keep in mind that far more good
+than evil has come out of all these things.=
+
+ =Good and evil is a matter of relativity. It is comparative. If
+ motion pictures are to reflect from nature the face of virtue, they
+ must also show the image of vice. To make virtue lovable and vice
+ despisable, we must know what they are. We all admit there are decent
+ and indecent, acceptable and unacceptable methods by which this ought
+ to be done. Yet, it must be done or there can be no lessons from
+ life; there can be no strengthening of character. By no system of
+ wet-nursism, can you solve the problem of crime by hiding bad things
+ or the truth about them, or by depriving children of the right, under
+ proper conditions, to see, to hear and to know what they are.=
+
+They may be worse off if shielded from knowledge of evil or spared
+any contact with it. They will be better and stronger if wisely
+familiarized with evil in order to know how to avoid it--or, facing it,
+to conquer it. “Vice is a monster of such frightful mien, that to be
+hated needs but to be seen.” And I would rather take a chance for youth
+through their seeing vice too often than in not seeing it enough if
+they are to learn to hate it and so triumph over it.
+
+We are losing sight in this country of some fundamental things about
+the whole problem of good and evil. As a result, when some of our
+reforms and crusades are won, we may be worse off than when we started.
+If our remedies do not fail altogether, they produce worse evils. The
+“kick” that some people get out of reforming often blinds them to the
+facts about good and evil and how to overcome evil. A man on a jag is
+always blind to the things about him.
+
+
+CHILDREN ELEVATED, INSPIRED
+
+Now, I am here to say, after talking it over with Court officers, who
+have worked with me for years, that we have yet to find one case of
+crime among youth that could fairly be traced just to the movies. I
+do not recall more than two or three cases in my experience of over
+a quarter of a century on the bench, where there was even reasonable
+ground to believe that the cause of crime was due just to what the
+offender had seen in the movies.
+
+ =But I do know of thousands of children who have been elevated,
+ inspired and made happier because of the movies; who have been kept
+ off the streets, out of the alleys, the vulgar story-telling of
+ the barnyards and a multitude of idle, evil associations, by the
+ wholesome appeals and opportunities of the movies.=
+
+I also know that other agencies--against which no censorship, local or
+national, has ever been proposed--have done far more toward producing
+crime than the movies. If we did not have any motion pictures at all,
+we would have far more crime than we have. Nothing in the last fifty
+years of the most eventful history of all time, has done more to reduce
+sin and crime and add to the happiness, education and progress of the
+human race than motion pictures. And it is going to do more and more in
+this regard in the years to come.
+
+I am satisfied that most of the cases of crime which good people trace
+to the movies are generally caused by misunderstanding or misuse of
+perfectly proper stories as well as bad stories thrown on the screen.
+This is shown by the fact that there is certainly no more and probably
+less crime, especially among youth, in cities, where there is no local
+or state censorship.
+
+
+CENSORSHIP DOES NOT IMPROVE
+
+=I defy anyone to show that one city or state with censorship is
+any better in this regard than other cities or states like our own,
+where there is no censorship, and where such organizations as our
+Parent-Teacher Associations are firmly against it.=
+
+They show us a messy lot of contradictions and silly absurdities in
+mussing up films, aggravating, useless annoyances, and frequently petty
+politics and tyranny as the result of their differences of opinion
+about what is good and what is bad, but they cannot show that they
+are any better or that they have accomplished anything provably worth
+while, that could not have been as well, or better done without these,
+to me, ridiculous hobbles.
+
+Anything they have done has been far better done in cities like
+Denver, through cooperation of civic agencies with the producers and
+exhibitors themselves. Any good that has ever come out of city or state
+censorship is sure to be overbalanced by just as much evil and just as
+much nonsense as any that has been prevented--if any has been really
+prevented.
+
+
+MOVIES BATTLE AGAINST WAR
+
+The movies are going to do more than any other agency to prevent the
+greatest of all crimes, horrid war. Through motion pictures, all
+nations, people, races and creeds, all speaking the same language,
+of the movies, are being brought into concord, acquaintanceship and
+understanding. And when they know and understand each other, they will
+love and cease to hate each other and war shall be no more. =It is a
+real League of Nations in binding them together through seeing that
+they are all just the same as each other=--that there are no bad people
+and no good people when properly understood, but there are bad things
+and good things as they reflect through the bodies or behavior and
+conduct of people, depending on causes, which as yet we know little
+about, and that the great lesson of Life is to learn how to wisely
+fight evil more and people less.
+
+Mankind has conquered all the reptiles and the wild beasts that
+threatened his mastery of this planet. Why? Because, primarily, he
+could see them, because they were known to him. But he hasn’t conquered
+all disease--that remains to threaten his dominion. Why? Because it
+is mostly the unseen beasts--the bugs, parasites and germs just now
+beginning to be seen. As with evil and disease, the movies will do more
+than all else besides to make them real--to make them known.
+
+IT IS THUS THE GREATEST EDUCATOR THE WORLD HAS EVER HAD--THE VISUAL
+EDUCATOR.
+
+And when all things are seen and known to man, he becomes forever the
+undisputed sovereign of the world. Through visual education the average
+child of twelve is in the future to know more in academic education
+than the present college graduate. Largely through the movies, among
+the future great inventors of the world, we shall behold children from
+ten to twenty-one years of age.
+
+
+OVERCOME EVIL WITH GOOD
+
+How, O Master, shall we overcome evil--is still the eternal question
+of a war-ridden, hate-ridden, fearful world. Instead of any longer
+listening, it is growing listless to the eternal answer--“Overcome
+evil with good.” He never said to overcome it through governmental
+suppression and the hate-breeding violence of forcible censorships.
+That was the answer of Pontius Pilate. =And Pontius Pilate was the
+first great censor= and Jesus Christ the first great victim of
+censorship. On behalf of this nation’s childhood, whose destinies are
+to be injured by such false remedies, I appeal from the gospel of
+Pilate to the gospel of Christ.
+
+But what shall we do, you may ask, to guard that destiny which we all
+equally have at heart? It is not an easy thing always to know just
+how to overcome evil with good. It is much easier for some parents,
+teachers, unwise, if not ungracious pastors, to leave the job to a
+board of censors or some new-fangled statute law with its abuses,
+blackmails, grafts, persecutions, stupidities and tyrannies. Are we to
+be a nation of dodgers, of weazened shirkers, putting responsibility on
+laws, laws and more laws, bureaus, bureaucrats, censors and regulators
+until we are glutted, choked and suffocated with laws to let any George
+do it, but the right George?
+
+Are we to become a nation of “squealers,” passing the buck from
+parents, homes, schools and churches for their responsibility for
+Youth, to some perfectly human-to-err censors who may be wise and good
+but likely to be mostly foolish, if, as in the case of some of our
+prohibition regulators, they are not crooks and grafters, to flounder
+in their own helplessness because they do not know what is good or what
+is evil or how to fight it.
+
+Consider the fact that even now a picture that one governmental censor
+board says is good, another in some other state, condemns as bad. And
+consider the rank injustice of city or state censorship authorities
+passing a “bad” picture as “good” in one such city or state, and this
+same perfectly “good” picture as “bad” in another, as these different
+censorship boards often do.
+
+
+FATHERS FOUGHT FOR FREEDOM
+
+Only gradually and painfully, through science mostly, now more and more
+handmaiden of real education and real religion, shall we know how to
+overcome evil. It is always with good. It is too big a problem for me
+to give all my views on here. In our “Revolt of Modern Youth” I took
+an entire book to tell more about it as I see it. But I do not believe
+Christ was wrong nor that the people of this Republic are wrong, who
+since its foundation in the wisdom of our Fathers, have fought for just
+such liberties as governmental censorship will deny us.
+
+Now, I think a great deal of good could be done in the fight against
+evil if our parents and Sunday-school teachers would question youth
+more as to their motives for righteous conduct, and with more time and
+patience set them right as to their real meaning. You ask them why they
+do right and they will generally tell you that it is “to keep out of
+jail,” or “the cop’ll get me,” or “I’d get a licking” or “I’ll go to
+hell.”
+
+Thus, from perfectly well-intentioned teaching, what we are putting
+mostly in their lives is misunderstanding. That is, we are trying to
+get virtue mostly by artificial restraints--the same kind of restraints
+that are now being proposed through forcible censorship and regulation.
+These fears no longer serve as restraints and we are very much at fault
+in doing so little to substitute natural restraints as these artificial
+ones are passing.
+
+Fundamentally, it is our overstrain in the demand for these artificial
+restraints upon human conduct--restraints that come from without--that
+is making most of the crime in this country. And their over-emphasis
+to the neglect of natural restraints is due far more to ignorance in
+churches and schools than the motion pictures. There is such a thing as
+going too far in our insatiate demand for these artificial restraints.
+It is a greater crime against youth, fostered mostly by well-meaning
+church people who are ignorant about youth. They are causing us to
+forget all about the more important restraints, or to indulge in a
+lazy indifference regarding them because of our mistaken faith in
+restraints so largely artificial.
+
+ =As against these, what we need most in the lives of youth are the
+ natural restraints. They come from within. They enable children and
+ people, in the face of every evil and temptation, without being
+ afraid to know about it, to see it or to hear about it, to be so
+ fortified from within against it that they will stand up to meet it
+ and conquer it. In other words, to have the strength of character to
+ do right because it is right--not through the fear of punishment or
+ the hope of rewards--but through true education and religion.=
+
+These artificial restraints, so long thus over-emphasized in
+schools and churches, and beheld on every hand in demands for more
+suppressions, regulations, prohibitions, punishments, coercions and
+censorships, are failing. And it is our insistent refusal to substitute
+more of the natural restraints in homes, schools and churches, that is
+the great cause of crime in this country. You do not cure evil by more
+censorships and prohibitions, don’ts, verbotens and taboos. You are
+just adding fuel to the flame you are setting up in this country. The
+restraints of hell-fire and damnation are gone. They do not frighten
+any more. Those of policemen, prisons and fears of punishments are
+going just as fast. The thing that makes most people good in this
+country is not any of these things. The thing that will make the bad
+ones good is more of the thing that has made the good ones good--the
+natural restraints.
+
+
+GOOD AND EVIL ARE RELATIVE
+
+I said good and evil are relative. You cannot helpfully know
+one without the other. They should, of course, appear in proper
+perspective. Their relationship for moral uplift should be clear. I
+insist that the great majority of the movies do thus emphasize them
+in their true light. Vice is ever shown as the enemy and destroyer of
+human happiness; virtue as the only true course to secure the real joys
+of life; that achieves the only victories worth while.
+
+ =In the movies, righteousness wins; sin loses. The hero triumphs. The
+ villain bites the dust.=
+
+Not only decency but the pocketbook guarantees these general averages,
+and that general average is the best we can hope for in anything.
+Nothing is perfect and censorship will not make it so. You cannot
+legislate right understanding into the human mind. By the more and
+more decent methods of showing life, as I believe to be more and more
+the rule in the movies, they furnish a great outlet, not only to the
+natural, wholesome craving for excitement and adventure, but for a
+necessary and legitimate amount of sex expression which otherwise, from
+sheer suppression, is far more harmful and more likely to result in sin
+and crime.
+
+Some of the gossamer fabric of unreality, as in fantasies, dreams and
+fairy tales, is just as necessary in the movies as are the realities of
+life, to minister to the complexes and, as governors, to release the
+strange suppressions of nature. There is always to be expected the
+decent licenses of poetry and the exaggerations of fiction.
+
+
+NATIONAL HOBBY TO ATTACK
+
+It has become a national hobby of ours, in the absence of much good
+sense, to indulge in these thrilling and adventurous battles against
+evil until we are becoming so ridiculous that only a modern Cervantes,
+with another Don Quixote, can bring us to our senses. Each time, in
+each onslaught, we have some one thing for the “goat.” Then we all
+assemble for the chase. For many of us, it is great fun. For others, it
+is a grievous concern. At one time it is the legalized liquor traffic;
+at another, it is the cigarette or the automobile, the racy literature,
+the dance or jazz music. Each time it is this or that one thing that is
+causing all the sin. I do not know what it is going to be when the kids
+begin spooning in the clouds in the aerial autos of tomorrow. Neither
+the censors, nor the parents, nor the laws can follow them there. At
+the present time the “goat” is the movies.
+
+We have the admission of the advocates of censorship that evil among
+youth may come from other agencies besides movies. Some of these
+agencies are automobiles, music (jazz or grand opera), department
+store windows, newspapers, books, magazines, ordinary pictures, etc.
+Now their logic must be that the youth of this nation are lost beyond
+redemption unless we apply their censorship for evil in the movies, to
+evil in all these other agencies. Unless this is their purpose, of what
+shall it avail us to get evil out of the movies by censorship--unless,
+by the same methods, we extract it from all other agencies of
+usefulness or happiness?
+
+On the other hand, if our youth are not to be lost because of our
+failure to apply censorship to automobiles and other agencies, then
+why apply it to the movies? In the case of the movies, as in the case
+of all these other agencies for both good and evil, why should we not
+depend on existing laws against crime, and in addition, what is far
+more important, why should we not trust to the =good old institutions
+of parents, homes, real education, real religion and the development of
+scientific truth to fortify youth against evil, by equipping them with
+strength in their own souls to conquer it.= I tell you that it cannot
+be done in any other way.
+
+
+BUILD SELF RELIANT YOUTH
+
+Our vision in this matter of censorship must not be limited to the
+mere entertainment of motion pictures furnished by the present motion
+picture industry. It must go far beyond that. For, in addition to
+censoring all forms and agencies of pleasure now contemplated, the
+amazing power demanded by the censorship advocates includes the power
+to also censor every teaching of science (evolution and otherwise),
+economics, patriotism, religion and government. As one after the
+other shall fall to the fetters of censorship, we shall get further
+and further away from real remedies for evil, only to become more and
+more enslaved to the forces of reaction of fanaticism, ignorance,
+superstition, despotism and tyranny. All this crusading for such false
+remedies is making us more and more the laughing stock of the world.
+If we yield to the demands of its well-meaning, but mistaken zealots,
+we shall nurse up a generation of human jelly fish, of weaklings,
+dependents, morons and criminals instead of a nation of sturdy,
+self-reliant boys and girls.
+
+
+IMPROVEMENT RAPID
+
+No one deplores more than I do the commercialization of certain phases
+of what we call the sex appeal or improper crime stories in the movies.
+No one deplores more than I do some of the stupid, inartistic, vulgar,
+uncultural, silly things in the movies. They are there as in books
+and newspapers. If censorship were a practical remedy for anything,
+we might better have it against bad taste, bad manners and some of
+the stupid, boresome movies that can do no harm to anyone except
+waste their time, and because of their very insipid stupidity, would
+meet with approval of any board of censors. It is all to be naturally
+expected in an industry or artistry so new. More patience, time and
+education are needed to correct them. No one is more anxious than I am
+to see them corrected. But it would be highly unjust not to, at the
+same time, keep in mind all that is right with the movies.
+
+ =In their short life of scarcely a quarter of a century, they have
+ done more to correct these follies and mistakes than literature and
+ newspapers have done in a century.=
+
+When I deal with naughty children, I always find more good than evil
+in them, though their accusers seldom admit it. I get more out of them
+by praising them for the good they do than by condemning them for the
+evil they do. In this way do I succeed best. By working with them and
+not against them. (Let us then, with this equally human thing, see all
+the wonderful improvement that has been made in recent years, not only
+artistically, from the standpoint of the producer, but also from that
+of the growing demand of the public for clean shows, and the splendid
+work of the producers in furnishing them.)
+
+
+PUBLIC OPINION RULES
+
+And even when crime and vice are presented, when it must be done, more
+and more is it being done within the bounds of decency and with due
+regard to well-established rules that most every one knows and accepts.
+Few minds differ upon what is really obscenity and indecency. Nothing
+is being more frowned upon today than the stories written for a mere
+pornographic, sensual appeal, without any good purpose intended or
+accomplished. For all of such cases, we have the laws against obscenity
+and indecency which are not near as much used or enforced as they might
+be and could be.
+
+=And we ever have the appeal to public opinion.= I believe it is in the
+end safe and sane in this country. And then there is being held out to
+us by the producers themselves the open door invitation to join hands
+with them to give the public the thing that it wants most and that is,
+clean, decent, wholesome pictures. The children are being provided with
+special films and opportunities to see them.
+
+ =Cooperation between public and producer and exhibitor is being
+ successfully accepted as one of the best methods of carrying on
+ propaganda in this country for better, bigger and cleaner pictures.=
+
+And, as a result, we are getting more and more of them all the time.
+From every standpoint in theme, story, purpose, photography, artistry,
+amazing progress has been made in the last few years. We have never had
+so many marvelous, unobjectionable pictures as now before the public.
+One of the very latest of these, “The Big Parade,” is here. You have
+seen “The Ten Commandments.” “Ben Hur” is being shown. Hundreds of
+others could be mentioned. I hold here a list of several hundred such,
+selected by Mrs. Virginia Palmer, State Chairman of the Motion Picture
+Department of our Colorado Parent-Teacher Association.
+
+
+COOPERATION AND ENCOURAGEMENT
+
+The work of Mr. Hays and his associates in courting cooperation and in
+receiving it from so many worthy sources deserves encouragement instead
+of criticism. It has been a great success. Any fair investigation of
+what the producers are doing under his able management will disclose
+an amazing improvement in the short time for its accomplishment. Let’s
+work with them and not against them as the very best way to bigger and
+better things in the movies.
+
+Especially is this course important when the best minds of this
+country--like Professor Ross, who has just addressed you--have warned
+us against the dangers of abuses sure and certain to come under
+governmental censorship, and who, for many reasons, almost without
+exception, firmly oppose it. We have overwhelming proof that the
+people of this country do not want any more of such governmental
+regulation and that they are opposed to such dangerous powers being
+vested in any set of bureaucrats. This is confirmed by the recent vote
+in Massachusetts that in their referendum to the people buried the
+demand for motion picture censorship with a tidal wave of “noes.” It
+was certainly loud enough to be heard all over this country. The vote
+was 553,173 against censorship to 208,252 for it--a majority of 344,991
+against.
+
+
+REAL EDUCATION AND RELIGION
+
+I am not questioning the sincerity or good motives of anyone. I simply
+question their understanding. How people can make the statements that
+are being made in some quarters, that the movies are getting worse
+instead of better, I cannot understand. I do not believe it. If they
+are, then it is a terrible indictment of our schools and churches, far
+more than of the movies. It is proof that they are failing. For if this
+thing be true, that, without the kind of governmental censorship and
+regulation that is being proposed in some quarters, the movies are to
+get worse and worse, then the churches and schools had better close
+their doors, for the claim is equivalent to a confession that they
+are failures. I do not believe they are failures. =I believe in real
+religion and in real education.= I think their power and influence are
+on the up-grade in this country. It is from their wise application that
+we must look most for our remedies in the fight against evil. The great
+duty to childhood today is that of parenthood and its handmaidens, the
+school and the church--real education and real religion.
+
+
+RESPONSIBLE PEOPLE NEEDED
+
+We must have in this country people responsible for these agencies, who
+will acquaint themselves with what evil is and equip themselves with
+the wisdom to teach children how to fight it, how to overcome it; that
+they shall come to know that the child’s greatest safeguard against
+evil is not censorship--the policeman with the club to direct what he
+shall say, hear or do--the city, state or national wet-nursism from the
+day he is born until he becomes an adult man or woman.
+
+
+PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
+
+ =Rather do I appeal for the simpler and saner expedient of parental
+ responsibility in companionship, spiritual training, education,
+ ideals and confidences that will educate that child as to what evil
+ is, to know where it lurks, and what he must do to avoid it; that
+ will teach him to hate it and despise it.=
+
+In this work, we need the cooperation of this great, new institution,
+the movies. It can be done best by thus seeking the cooperation of
+those who have the economic control of this new power, this new means
+of education, the greatest that has ever appeared in any civilization.
+
+I believe it can be done, and in a very large measure, it is
+being done, with glowing opportunities and prospects for greater
+accomplishment in the future than in the recent past. It is this sort
+of remedy that I heartily advocate rather than any censorship or
+regulation through city, state or national boards composed of people
+who are to be given arbitrary, tyrannical and dangerous powers over the
+development of the human mind. Such a remedy, I believe, will never be
+accepted by the American people. If it ever is, it will be the saddest
+day in the history of human progress since the bigotries and tyrannies
+of the Middle Ages. It would mean that the issues of the Scopes case
+in Tennessee would be as nothing compared to this new power of a few
+people to tell the balance of America what they shall see, hear or
+know, or what they shall be taught, to direct the human mind which
+alone can retard or advance the progress of the world.
+
+For let it be remembered that moving pictures, as a medium of
+expression in influencing the human mind, as yet, are in their infancy.
+They will be greater than the printing press, and whoever controls this
+power will do most to control the future of the human race.
+
+
+TRUST TO ALL THE PEOPLE
+
+ =I would rather trust it to all the people than to a few people,
+ especially when that few are backed, as is proposed, in their
+ censorship regulations, by the powers of force and violence to impose
+ their will upon all the others.=
+
+Once having put in the hands of a few individuals, whether puritans or
+politicians, of good or evil purpose, the power to say what books shall
+be screened, what stories shall be pictured, what scientific knowledge
+or achievement shall be presented, what reform espoused by capital or
+labor, class or church, group or party, and, what shall not, it will
+demand the same right as to the newspapers, books and other forms of
+human expression, possibly the platform itself, until all liberty and
+all freedom shall be lost unless such madness, as I believe it to be,
+should, if ever successful, be met by revolt and revolution.
+
+The progress of art, science and literature in this country depends
+upon an unfettered, original creative imagination. There can be no
+progress or creative work anywhere with the hobble of censorship on
+these things at the helm. Freedom of thinkers, scientists, and artists
+does not mean degeneracy. It means justice, truth, progress, happiness,
+health and beauty. The chains of censorship mean irritation, reaction,
+bigotry, vice, immorality, gloom, degeneracy and death. Of course there
+are dangers in everything--good and evil in everything--all dependent
+on its use and understanding. But I would a thousand times rather
+take my chances on too much freedom than too much of these artificial
+restraints.
+
+
+ALREADY REGULATED
+
+There is, of course, some regulation of certain phases of the moving
+picture industry that is defensible. But it seems to me very unjust
+to compare the demand for censorship power to the same kind of
+governmental regulations of industrial affairs which have to do with
+business competition between individuals or corporations, or with the
+distribution of foodstuffs as to deleterious substances, on which no
+two minds can well differ after science has given its verdict.
+
+Reasonable regulations as to business competition, labor, shipment of
+films, protection from fire, ventilation, seating, spacing and lighting
+of halls may well apply to the movies. But as a more justly analogous
+case, who would say even as to foodstuffs or drugs, about which we hear
+so much, that a board of bodily appetite censors should have a right to
+say whether a city’s diet should not include pork chops, if a person
+preferred them to mutton chops, simply because of the views or tastes
+of the censors, or because great religious teachers have censored the
+hog and approved the lamb; or that tea and coffee should be censored
+because other teachers say the taste of too much of it is worse than a
+moderate use of booze. The so-called badness of most pictures may be
+due far more to that which is bad in the taste of the censors than that
+which is really bad in the pictures.
+
+
+LAWS ARE SUFFICIENT
+
+And while I am not here discussing prohibition, yet as one of its
+original champions, I would be false to the truth if I did not, at
+least in discussing this new kind of prohibition of the thoughts of the
+human mind, refer to all the evils that have followed our efforts thus
+to curb by law the appetite of bodies. But even the case of the movies
+is different. Booze was believed to be poison for the body and the
+remedy was supposed to be complete outlawry. Well, at least we are not
+prepared to say what the final result is going to be, even though there
+may be justification there where none is here. What is poison for the
+body is much easier of ascertainment than what is poison for the mind.
+Acknowledged poisons of the mind are all met by laws against obscenity
+with their penalties and punishments. They are accepted as fair and
+just to everybody.
+
+ =But human thought, which is back of all human progress and of all
+ change in the customs, morals, habits, traditions and affairs of
+ mankind, is an entirely different matter. It is in no way justly
+ comparable to any other form of arbitrary, forcible censorship
+ regulations that any state has ever undertaken. It seems to me that
+ this is so true that unprejudiced minds cannot justly question it.=
+
+
+HUMAN THOUGHT NOT TO BE TAMPERED WITH
+
+In the regulation of human thought, as presented through instruction or
+entertainment in the motion pictures, books or newspapers, we have an
+entirely different problem. It is too dangerous to tamper with in any
+governmental, regulative, arbitrary way. To attempt it is to court the
+greater evils of bigotry and fanaticism, of racial, religious and class
+prejudices, of hatreds and tyrannies.
+
+I would a thousand times rather see civilization subjected to all the
+dangers which may lurk in an entirely, unregulated and uncensored
+press, or of books, plays or motion pictures, than to risk the
+far greater evils of arbitrary, forcible, governmental censorship
+regulation.
+
+ =There are no committees of people on earth who have any such super
+ wisdom or right to exercise any such power, no matter how commendable
+ its purpose may be.=
+
+No, my friends, those who propose such remedies are honest but
+mistaken. I wish they could all be convinced. I know their purposes are
+good. I wish they would join the multitude of constructive fathers,
+mothers, preachers, teachers, business men and citizens, through the
+work of the home, school, church and press, enlisting, as I believe we
+can, the cooperation and help of those who produce and distribute the
+movies themselves, to get bigger, better and cleaner pictures.
+
+Decorating the walls of this room, we have held up to us a picture
+of the crusader, St. George, in pursuit of the Dragon. It is an
+interesting poster. I have seen it held up to children and parents
+in Sunday-schools and churches. It has for us a great lesson. But I
+sometimes wonder if it is understood. In this picture, St. George is
+clad in armor.
+
+
+USING ONE’S OWN STRENGTH
+
+ =It is the symbol of HIS OWN STRENGTH and power to meet and slay the
+ dragon--the evil he encounters.=
+
+Thus, down the path of life you have him started. He goes alone. He
+is protected by no governmental wet-nursism. No censors have preceded
+him to chase the dragons from his path. Now, just imagine the censors
+doing that, be they a certain type of dear, old ladies who never will
+be satisfied that anything is good if it pictures vice or crime, or
+well-meaning Puritans with worse complexes, or crafty politicians with
+itching palms, snooping into every crack and cranny for the smell
+of dragons (evil) to shoo them off the path before young George may
+proceed upon his way.
+
+I hear them saying, “Come on, Georgie, dear boy; the path is clear;
+we censors have done your work; we have seen to it that not even a
+suspicious tabby cat can cross your path. You have no fight to make; we
+will spare you even the sight of a dragon (evil) on the road.”
+
+Is that what you are going to do to Young America? Change the noble
+knighthood of conflict and struggle to the milksophood of apron
+strings? Yet such is governmental censorship. Against it, I protest.
+Against it, modern youth revolts. I beseech you in their name, that you
+avoid a step so fatal and so false.
+
+I know you do not want to make mollycoddles of this younger generation
+because a few morons or even alert, but vicious-minded, persons,
+have become criminals from something good or bad they have seen in
+the movies. I do not want to see methods adopted in mistaken purpose
+of fighting evil whose effect is only to make insipid, dependent,
+hot-house plants of modern youth.
+
+ =I want to see a self-reliant Young America. I want to see it grow
+ to sturdy manhood, like the oak that faces and fights the storm and
+ fights best where the foe is known best and encountered most.=
+
+
+PREPARE YOUTH FOR THE PATH
+
+This is the only right way to successfully equip the youth of America
+with moral, physical and mental efficiency. Then, and only then, as
+modern St. Georges, thus armored, they can be trusted THEMSELVES to
+meet the dragons of evil that cross the path of life. For down that
+path they have to go. You cannot prepare the path for them. You cannot
+clear it of the dragons. Forcible governmental censorship can’t do it
+and ought not to do it.
+
+ =It’s our job to prepare youth for the path, the big job parents,
+ teachers and preachers are neglecting in their mistaken effort too
+ much to prepare the path for them. I do beseech you to direct your
+ efforts more to preparing youth for the path and less to preparing
+ the path for youth. Then, with perfect faith, you can trust him to
+ go down that path, and though it be strewn with dragon’s teeth, he
+ will emerge triumphant, the glorious youth that he is--Young America,
+ the noblest, bravest, wisest, most loyal, generous and just that the
+ world has ever seen--his own best censor.=
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber’s Note:
+
+- Text that was in bold is enclosed by equals signs (=bold=).
+
+- Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_).
+
+- Inconsistencies in hyphenation have been standardized.
+
+- Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice.
+
+- New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the
+public domain.
+
+- Spelling was retained as in the original except for the following
+changes:
+
+ Page 5: “some of the week-minded” to “some of the weak-minded”
+
+ Page 5: “to be done. yet” to “to be done. Yet”
+
+ Page 7: “forever the undisputed soverign” to “forever the undisputed
+ sovereign”
+
+ Page 8: “mostly by artificial restaints” to “mostly by artificial
+ restraints”
+
+ Page 9: “of the natural restrains” to “of the natural restraints”
+
+ Page 11: “an industry or artistery” to “an industry or artistry”
+
+ Page 11: “what is really abscenity” to “what is really obscenity”
+
+ Page 13: “are backed, as it” to “are backed, as is”
+
+
+
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79231 ***
diff --git a/79231-h/79231-h.htm b/79231-h/79231-h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..beb09b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/79231-h/79231-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,1158 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+ <meta charset="UTF-8">
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+ <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no,date=no,address=no,email=no,url=no">
+ <title>
+ Judge Ben B. Lindsey on The Child—The Movie—and Censorship | Project Gutenberg
+ </title>
+ <link rel="icon" href="images/cover.jpg" type="image/x-cover">
+ <style>
+
+body {
+ margin-left: 10%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+}
+
+h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
+ text-align: center; /* all headings centered */
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+p {
+ margin-top: .5em;
+ text-align: justify;
+ margin-bottom: .5em;
+ text-indent: 1em;
+}
+
+.noindent {text-indent: 0;}
+
+hr {
+ width: 33%;
+ margin-top: 2em;
+ margin-bottom: 2em;
+ margin-left: 33.5%;
+ margin-right: 33.5%;
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+hr.tb {width: 45%; margin-left: 27.5%; margin-right: 27.5%;}
+hr.chap {width: 65%; margin-left: 17.5%; margin-right: 17.5%;}
+@media print { hr.chap {display: none; visibility: hidden;} }
+
+div.chapter {page-break-before: always;}
+h2.nobreak {page-break-before: avoid;}
+
+table {
+ margin-left: auto;
+ margin-right: auto;
+}
+table.autotable { border-collapse: collapse; }
+table.autotable td,
+table.autotable th { padding: 0.25em; }
+
+.tdl {text-align: left;}
+
+.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */
+ /* visibility: hidden; */
+ position: absolute;
+ left: 92%;
+ font-size: small;
+ text-align: right;
+ font-style: normal;
+ font-weight: normal;
+ font-variant: normal;
+ text-indent: 0;
+} /* page numbers */
+
+blockquote {
+ margin-top: 0;
+ margin-bottom: 0;
+ margin-left: 5%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+}
+
+.bbox {border: 4px double; width:50%; margin:auto; padding:5px;}
+
+.x-ebookmaker .bbox {border: 0; margin:auto; padding: 5px;}
+
+.center {text-align: center; text-indent: 0;}
+
+figcaption {font-weight: bold;}
+figcaption p {margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: .2em; text-align: inherit;}
+
+/* Images */
+
+img {
+ max-width: 100%;
+ height: auto;
+}
+img.w100 {width: 100%;}
+
+
+.figcenter {
+ margin: auto;
+ text-align: center;
+ page-break-inside: avoid;
+ max-width: 100%;
+}
+
+/* Transcriber's notes */
+.tnote {
+ border: dashed 1px;
+ font-size: smaller;
+ margin-left: 10%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+ padding-bottom: 0.5em;
+ padding-top: 0.5em;
+ padding-left: 0.5em;
+ padding-right: 0.5em
+ }
+
+.x-ebookmaker .tnote {
+ margin-left: 0;
+ margin-right: 0
+ }
+
+p .tnote {
+ text-indent: 0
+ }
+
+ins {
+ text-decoration: none
+ }
+
+.float-left {float: left; margin-left: 5%;}
+
+.float-right {float: right; margin-right: 5%;}
+
+/* Illustration classes */
+.illowp05 {width: 5%;}
+.illowp45 {
+ width: 45%
+ }
+.x-ebookmaker .illowp45 {
+ width: 100%
+ }
+
+.titlesmaller { font-size: 0.75em; }
+
+.titlemuchsmaller { font-size:0.5em; margin-bottom:0.67em; text-transform: uppercase;}
+
+ </style>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79231 ***</div>
+
+<main>
+
+<figure class="figcenter illowp45" style="max-width:100.0em;" id="cover">
+<img alt="" class="w100" src="images/cover.jpg" id="img_images_cover.jpg">
+</figure>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</span></p>
+
+<h1><span class="titlesmaller">Judge Ben B. Lindsey</span><br>
+
+<span class="titlemuchsmaller">on</span><br>
+
+The Child—The Movie—and<br> Censorship</h1>
+
+<div class="bbox">
+<p class="center">“I defy anyone to show that one city or state with
+censorship is any better than other cities or states
+like our own where there is no censorship.”</p>
+
+<hr class="tb">
+
+<p class="center">“The movie is a real League of Nations, binding the
+world together through seeing that they are all just
+the same as each other.”</p>
+
+<hr class="tb">
+
+<p class="center">“Pontius Pilate was the first great censor.”</p>
+
+<hr class="tb">
+
+<p class="center">“I believe in real religion and real education.”</p>
+</div>
+<br><br>
+<figure class="figcenter illowp05" id="title" style="max-width: 23.6875em;">
+ <img class="w100" src="images/title.jpg" alt="">
+</figure>
+<br><br>
+<p class="center">Motion Picture Producers &amp; Distributors of America, Inc.</p>
+
+<p class="float-left">WILL H. HAYS, Pres.</p>
+<p class="float-right center">469 Fifth Avenue<br>
+New York City</p>
+<br><br>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" aria-hidden="true">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</span></p>
+
+
+ <h2 class="nobreak" id="Judge_Ben_B_Lindsey">
+ Judge Ben B. Lindsey
+ </h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class="center"><i>Judge of the Juvenile and Family Court of Denver,
+Colorado.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>Judge Lindsey is one of the best known of
+Americans. He is an authority on child welfare
+and juvenile treatment—a writer of note on
+the subject, a lecturer, a man whose opinions are
+sought.</p>
+
+<p>In January, 1899, he was appointed public guardian
+and administrator of the County Court of
+Denver, that under the first Colorado Juvenile
+law of April 12th, 1899, became the Juvenile
+Court. The following year he was appointed, and
+ten times since has been elected Judge of that
+Court, in which he is now serving his twenty-sixth
+year. In Who’s Who for 1925 he is listed as the
+“promoter of the juvenile court system and originator
+of some of its features and has international
+reputation as an authority upon juvenile
+delinquency.”</p>
+
+<p>Judge Lindsey is author of the Colorado Juvenile
+Court laws and with his collaborator (Wainwright
+Evans) the recent much discussed book
+“The Revolt of Modern Youth.” In this book
+Judge Lindsey takes a firm stand against censorship.</p>
+
+<p>The following address was delivered by Judge
+Lindsey at the Fourth National Motion Picture
+Conference in Chicago, Ill., in February, 1926.</p>
+
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" aria-hidden="true">
+<div class="chapter">
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</span></p>
+
+
+ <h2 class="nobreak" id="The_Child-The_Movie-and">
+ The Child—The Movie—and
+ Censorship
+ </h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class="center">By JUDGE BEN B. LINDSEY</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">
+ Ladies and Gentlemen:
+</p>
+
+<p>As stated in your program, “This is an open conference with
+a free platform—all are welcome.”</p>
+
+<p>I trust that I may be of some service. Even though we differ
+in methods, our purposes are the same. We want clean, wholesome
+motion pictures and we want to protect the youth of this country
+against any evil in this popular form of entertainment, as well as to
+secure for them the best that is to be had in this new, marvelous
+method of human expression. And whatever may be our differences,
+I wish to express my own appreciation of the value of an association
+like this in bringing about a free and open discussion that may help
+to disclose to us real remedies against the evils that we all oppose.</p>
+
+<p>I have friends here in this conference with whom I differ as to
+methods to that end, but I have the highest respect for the sincerity
+of their purposes, as I believe they will have for mine. <b>For my views
+on the subject of governmental censorship are well known. They
+have been formulated after nearly twenty-seven years of experience
+in a Juvenile Court that came into existence under our Colorado law
+of 1899</b>—the same year as that of the Juvenile Court of your own
+great city of Chicago, which, next to Denver, I count as home, because
+here reside some of my dearest friends.</p>
+
+
+<h3>VIEWS ARE WELL-KNOWN</h3>
+
+<p>When it was suggested that, having engagements in and about
+Chicago, under the auspices of the Redpath Lyceum Bureau, having
+its main offices here, I might be of service in presenting my views on
+censorship at this meeting, I said I would prefer to do so under the
+auspices of some disinterested group. As a result of this preference,
+you have heard read the request of Mrs. Virginia Palmer, Chairman
+of the Motion Picture Division of our Colorado State Parent-Teacher
+Association, requesting that I be heard here.</p>
+
+<p>However, I wish to assure you that this is not by way of any
+apology whatever in presenting these views under any auspices, interested
+or disinterested. There can be no crime in any event for
+a man to do that when his sincere views are as well known as mine
+are and as, in recent years, they have been expressed literally hundreds
+of times.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>In nearly every public lecture I have given on childhood
+and crime during recent years, I have stated over and over
+again my opposition to governmental censorship of the
+movies as a remedy for evil.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</span></p>
+
+<p>In our recent book, THE REVOLT OF MODERN YOUTH, we
+took a firm stand against Censorship, and within a few days, it will
+be exactly five years ago that, in the City of Detroit, I delivered an
+address dealing with censorship and crime in the movies. That address
+was very widely circulated. Part of it was printed and thousands
+of copies were distributed. And so, when I left Denver with
+the request of Mrs. Virginia Palmer, the State Chairman of Motion
+Pictures of our State Parent-Teacher Association, that I take part in
+this conference, I redictated an old address of five years ago and
+brought it with me. To this I have added some more extended observations
+in confirmation of the conclusions there expressed after
+much thought, much study and much experience.</p>
+
+
+<h3>SANER METHODS BY COOPERATION</h3>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>This all compels me to favor what I consider the saner,
+more constructive censorship by cooperation between social
+agencies, the public, the producers and exhibitors as against
+what I believe to be the more questionable and dangerous
+power of governmental censorship.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Mrs. Palmer, the Chairman of the Motion Picture Department
+of our State Parent-Teacher Association, supplied me for this meeting
+with considerable literature of that organization in support of
+their stand for the former kind of censorship as against the latter.
+The Parent-Teacher Association of Colorado is a part of that great
+national organization of the best motherhood and womanhood of this
+country. In recent years, they conducted a series of discussions and
+debates on the entire subject of so-called “censorship” or state regulation
+of motion pictures. This involved an investigation of what
+is being done in this regard in all other cities and states. It resulted
+in the adoption at their State Convention at Colorado Springs in May
+1921, of the following resolutions:</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>WHEREAS, The picture loving public should be given an
+opportunity to act as their own censors, and</b></p>
+
+<p><b>WHEREAS, Pictures cannot be adapted to the mentality
+of the lowest type of person and potential criminals are much
+in the minority, and therefore, may not be considered as representing
+the patronage of the Motion Picture Theatre, and</b></p>
+
+<p><b>WHEREAS, All lasting reforms are derived from within,</b></p>
+
+<p><b>BE IT RESOLVED: That it be the continued policy of
+the Mothers Congress and Parent-Teacher Associations to
+work for the Better Film movement through cooperation,
+selection and for public education.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<h3>EDUCATION AND SELECTION</h3>
+
+<p>This organization has never found any reason to change their
+opinion thus expressed. At their recent state convention, they again
+reaffirmed it. A most successful constructive work, formulated at
+their state conventions, has been carried on in behalf of better pictures.
+They oppose censorship with their motto: “Education and
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</span>Selection.” In addition to this definite plan, there is a constant propaganda
+carried on among its various units for the type of picture that
+they think deserves encouragement. Their efforts to create a public
+demand for better pictures and to support the producers and exhibitors
+in their efforts to furnish them, has been so superior to any
+city or state censorship boards that any demand for any such remedy
+in Colorado has become extinct. No one would think of giving it the
+slightest encouragement in face of the big, constructive work of the
+Parent-Teacher organization of our state.</p>
+
+<p>I am glad to avail myself, not only of the privilege afforded
+through the request referred to, that I take part in this program, but
+also to give some of my own views, after more than a quarter of a
+century in the Juvenile Court, on the whole subject of the problem
+of good and evil as it relates to motion pictures.</p>
+
+
+<h3>THE MOVIES, CENSORSHIP AND CRIME</h3>
+
+<p>I do not agree with those who claim that crime among youth is
+so largely due to what is shown in motion pictures. Of course, some
+of the <ins title="Original has 'week-minded'" id="weak">weak-minded</ins> and the vicious have doubtless been stimulated
+to crime by something good or bad that they have seen in the movies.
+This may also be said of what they have read in the Bible, the newspapers,
+magazines and all kinds of literature, or through the misuse
+of automobiles, dancing or music. <b>But we must always keep in mind
+that far more good than evil has come out of all these things.</b></p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>Good and evil is a matter of relativity. It is comparative.
+If motion pictures are to reflect from nature the face of
+virtue, they must also show the image of vice. To make
+virtue lovable and vice despisable, we must know what they
+are. We all admit there are decent and indecent, acceptable
+and unacceptable methods by which this ought to be done.
+<ins title="Original has 'yet'" id="Yet">Yet</ins>, it must be done or there can be no lessons from life; there
+can be no strengthening of character. By no system of wet-nursism,
+can you solve the problem of crime by hiding bad
+things or the truth about them, or by depriving children of
+the right, under proper conditions, to see, to hear and to know
+what they are.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>They may be worse off if shielded from knowledge of evil or
+spared any contact with it. They will be better and stronger if wisely
+familiarized with evil in order to know how to avoid it—or, facing
+it, to conquer it. “Vice is a monster of such frightful mien, that to
+be hated needs but to be seen.” And I would rather take a chance for
+youth through their seeing vice too often than in not seeing it enough
+if they are to learn to hate it and so triumph over it.</p>
+
+<p>We are losing sight in this country of some fundamental things
+about the whole problem of good and evil. As a result, when some
+of our reforms and crusades are won, we may be worse off than when
+we started. If our remedies do not fail altogether, they produce
+worse evils. The “kick” that some people get out of reforming often
+blinds them to the facts about good and evil and how to overcome
+evil. A man on a jag is always blind to the things about him.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</span></p>
+
+
+<h3>CHILDREN ELEVATED, INSPIRED</h3>
+
+<p>Now, I am here to say, after talking it over with Court officers,
+who have worked with me for years, that we have yet to find one
+case of crime among youth that could fairly be traced just to the
+movies. I do not recall more than two or three cases in my experience
+of over a quarter of a century on the bench, where there was even
+reasonable ground to believe that the cause of crime was due just to
+what the offender had seen in the movies.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>But I do know of thousands of children who have been elevated,
+inspired and made happier because of the movies;
+who have been kept off the streets, out of the alleys, the
+vulgar story-telling of the barnyards and a multitude of idle,
+evil associations, by the wholesome appeals and opportunities
+of the movies.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>I also know that other agencies—against which no censorship,
+local or national, has ever been proposed—have done far more toward
+producing crime than the movies. If we did not have any motion
+pictures at all, we would have far more crime than we have. Nothing
+in the last fifty years of the most eventful history of all time,
+has done more to reduce sin and crime and add to the happiness,
+education and progress of the human race than motion pictures. And
+it is going to do more and more in this regard in the years to come.</p>
+
+<p>I am satisfied that most of the cases of crime which good people
+trace to the movies are generally caused by misunderstanding or
+misuse of perfectly proper stories as well as bad stories thrown on
+the screen. This is shown by the fact that there is certainly no more
+and probably less crime, especially among youth, in cities, where
+there is no local or state censorship.</p>
+
+
+<h3>CENSORSHIP DOES NOT IMPROVE</h3>
+
+<p><b>I defy anyone to show that one city or state with censorship is
+any better in this regard than other cities or states like our own,
+where there is no censorship, and where such organizations as our
+Parent-Teacher Associations are firmly against it.</b></p>
+
+<p>They show us a messy lot of contradictions and silly absurdities
+in mussing up films, aggravating, useless annoyances, and frequently
+petty politics and tyranny as the result of their differences of opinion
+about what is good and what is bad, but they cannot show that they
+are any better or that they have accomplished anything provably
+worth while, that could not have been as well, or better done without
+these, to me, ridiculous hobbles.</p>
+
+<p>Anything they have done has been far better done in cities like
+Denver, through cooperation of civic agencies with the producers and
+exhibitors themselves. Any good that has ever come out of city or
+state censorship is sure to be overbalanced by just as much evil and
+just as much nonsense as any that has been prevented—if any has
+been really prevented.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</span></p>
+
+
+<h3>MOVIES BATTLE AGAINST WAR</h3>
+
+<p>The movies are going to do more than any other agency to prevent
+the greatest of all crimes, horrid war. Through motion pictures,
+all nations, people, races and creeds, all speaking the same language,
+of the movies, are being brought into concord, acquaintanceship and
+understanding. And when they know and understand each other,
+they will love and cease to hate each other and war shall be no more.
+<b>It is a real League of Nations in binding them together through seeing
+that they are all just the same as each other</b>—that there are no
+bad people and no good people when properly understood, but there are
+bad things and good things as they reflect through the bodies or behavior
+and conduct of people, depending on causes, which as yet we
+know little about, and that the great lesson of Life is to learn how to
+wisely fight evil more and people less.</p>
+
+<p>Mankind has conquered all the reptiles and the wild beasts that
+threatened his mastery of this planet. Why? Because, primarily,
+he could see them, because they were known to him. But he hasn’t
+conquered all disease—that remains to threaten his dominion. Why?
+Because it is mostly the unseen beasts—the bugs, parasites and
+germs just now beginning to be seen. As with evil and disease, the
+movies will do more than all else besides to make them real—to make
+them known.</p>
+
+<p>IT IS THUS THE GREATEST EDUCATOR THE WORLD HAS
+EVER HAD—THE VISUAL EDUCATOR.</p>
+
+<p>And when all things are seen and known to man, he becomes
+forever the undisputed <ins title="Original has 'soverign'" id="sovereign">sovereign</ins> of the world. Through visual education
+the average child of twelve is in the future to know more in
+academic education than the present college graduate. Largely
+through the movies, among the future great inventors of the world,
+we shall behold children from ten to twenty-one years of age.</p>
+
+
+<h3>OVERCOME EVIL WITH GOOD</h3>
+
+<p>How, O Master, shall we overcome evil—is still the eternal question
+of a war-ridden, hate-ridden, fearful world. Instead of any
+longer listening, it is growing listless to the eternal answer—“Overcome
+evil with good.” He never said to overcome it through governmental
+suppression and the hate-breeding violence of forcible censorships.
+That was the answer of Pontius Pilate. <b>And Pontius Pilate
+was the first great censor</b> and Jesus Christ the first great victim of
+censorship. On behalf of this nation’s childhood, whose destinies are
+to be injured by such false remedies, I appeal from the gospel of
+Pilate to the gospel of Christ.</p>
+
+<p>But what shall we do, you may ask, to guard that destiny which
+we all equally have at heart? It is not an easy thing always to know
+just how to overcome evil with good. It is much easier for some
+parents, teachers, unwise, if not ungracious pastors, to leave the job
+to a board of censors or some new-fangled statute law with its abuses,
+blackmails, grafts, persecutions, stupidities and tyrannies. Are we to
+be a nation of dodgers, of weazened shirkers, putting responsibility on
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</span>laws, laws and more laws, bureaus, bureaucrats, censors and regulators
+until we are glutted, choked and suffocated with laws to let any
+George do it, but the right George?</p>
+
+<p>Are we to become a nation of “squealers,” passing the buck from
+parents, homes, schools and churches for their responsibility for
+Youth, to some perfectly human-to-err censors who may be wise and
+good but likely to be mostly foolish, if, as in the case of some of our
+prohibition regulators, they are not crooks and grafters, to flounder
+in their own helplessness because they do not know what is good or
+what is evil or how to fight it.</p>
+
+<p>Consider the fact that even now a picture that one governmental
+censor board says is good, another in some other state, condemns as
+bad. And consider the rank injustice of city or state censorship
+authorities passing a “bad” picture as “good” in one such city or state,
+and this same perfectly “good” picture as “bad” in another, as these
+different censorship boards often do.</p>
+
+
+<h3>FATHERS FOUGHT FOR FREEDOM</h3>
+
+<p>Only gradually and painfully, through science mostly, now more
+and more handmaiden of real education and real religion, shall we
+know how to overcome evil. It is always with good. It is too big a
+problem for me to give all my views on here. In our “Revolt of Modern
+Youth” I took an entire book to tell more about it as I see it. But
+I do not believe Christ was wrong nor that the people of this Republic
+are wrong, who since its foundation in the wisdom of our Fathers, have
+fought for just such liberties as governmental censorship will deny us.</p>
+
+<p>Now, I think a great deal of good could be done in the fight
+against evil if our parents and Sunday-school teachers would question
+youth more as to their motives for righteous conduct, and with more
+time and patience set them right as to their real meaning. You ask
+them why they do right and they will generally tell you that it is
+“to keep out of jail,” or “the cop’ll get me,” or “I’d get a licking” or
+“I’ll go to hell.”</p>
+
+<p>Thus, from perfectly well-intentioned teaching, what we are putting
+mostly in their lives is misunderstanding. That is, we are trying
+to get virtue mostly by artificial <ins title="Original has 'restaints'" id="restraints1">restraints</ins>—the same kind of restraints
+that are now being proposed through forcible censorship and regulation.
+These fears no longer serve as restraints and we are very much
+at fault in doing so little to substitute natural restraints as these
+artificial ones are passing.</p>
+
+<p>Fundamentally, it is our overstrain in the demand for these artificial
+restraints upon human conduct—restraints that come from
+without—that is making most of the crime in this country. And their
+over-emphasis to the neglect of natural restraints is due far more to
+ignorance in churches and schools than the motion pictures. There is
+such a thing as going too far in our insatiate demand for these artificial
+restraints. It is a greater crime against youth, fostered mostly
+by well-meaning church people who are ignorant about youth. They
+are causing us to forget all about the more important restraints, or to
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</span>indulge in a lazy indifference regarding them because of our mistaken
+faith in restraints so largely artificial.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>As against these, what we need most in the lives of youth
+are the natural restraints. They come from within. They
+enable children and people, in the face of every evil and temptation,
+without being afraid to know about it, to see it or to
+hear about it, to be so fortified from within against it that
+they will stand up to meet it and conquer it. In other words,
+to have the strength of character to do right because it is
+right—not through the fear of punishment or the hope of
+rewards—but through true education and religion.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>These artificial restraints, so long thus over-emphasized in schools
+and churches, and beheld on every hand in demands for more suppressions,
+regulations, prohibitions, punishments, coercions and censorships,
+are failing. And it is our insistent refusal to substitute more
+of the natural <ins title="Original has 'restrains'" id="restraints2">restraints</ins> in homes, schools and churches, that is the
+great cause of crime in this country. You do not cure evil by more
+censorships and prohibitions, don’ts, verbotens and taboos. You are
+just adding fuel to the flame you are setting up in this country. The
+restraints of hell-fire and damnation are gone. They do not frighten
+any more. Those of policemen, prisons and fears of punishments are
+going just as fast. The thing that makes most people good in this
+country is not any of these things. The thing that will make the bad
+ones good is more of the thing that has made the good ones good—the
+natural restraints.</p>
+
+
+<h3>GOOD AND EVIL ARE RELATIVE</h3>
+
+<p>I said good and evil are relative. You cannot helpfully know one
+without the other. They should, of course, appear in proper perspective.
+Their relationship for moral uplift should be clear. I insist that
+the great majority of the movies do thus emphasize them in their true
+light. Vice is ever shown as the enemy and destroyer of human happiness;
+virtue as the only true course to secure the real joys of life;
+that achieves the only victories worth while.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>In the movies, righteousness wins; sin loses. The hero triumphs.
+The villain bites the dust.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Not only decency but the pocketbook guarantees these general
+averages, and that general average is the best we can hope for in anything.
+Nothing is perfect and censorship will not make it so. You
+cannot legislate right understanding into the human mind. By the
+more and more decent methods of showing life, as I believe to be more
+and more the rule in the movies, they furnish a great outlet, not only
+to the natural, wholesome craving for excitement and adventure, but
+for a necessary and legitimate amount of sex expression which otherwise,
+from sheer suppression, is far more harmful and more likely to
+result in sin and crime.</p>
+
+<p>Some of the gossamer fabric of unreality, as in fantasies, dreams
+and fairy tales, is just as necessary in the movies as are the realities
+of life, to minister to the complexes and, as governors, to release the
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</span>strange suppressions of nature. There is always to be expected the
+decent licenses of poetry and the exaggerations of fiction.</p>
+
+
+<h3>NATIONAL HOBBY TO ATTACK</h3>
+
+<p>It has become a national hobby of ours, in the absence of much
+good sense, to indulge in these thrilling and adventurous battles
+against evil until we are becoming so ridiculous that only a modern
+Cervantes, with another Don Quixote, can bring us to our senses.
+Each time, in each onslaught, we have some one thing for the “goat.”
+Then we all assemble for the chase. For many of us, it is great fun.
+For others, it is a grievous concern. At one time it is the legalized
+liquor traffic; at another, it is the cigarette or the automobile, the
+racy literature, the dance or jazz music. Each time it is this or that
+one thing that is causing all the sin. I do not know what it is going
+to be when the kids begin spooning in the clouds in the aerial autos
+of tomorrow. Neither the censors, nor the parents, nor the laws can
+follow them there. At the present time the “goat” is the movies.</p>
+
+<p>We have the admission of the advocates of censorship that evil
+among youth may come from other agencies besides movies. Some
+of these agencies are automobiles, music (jazz or grand opera), department
+store windows, newspapers, books, magazines, ordinary pictures,
+etc. Now their logic must be that the youth of this nation are lost
+beyond redemption unless we apply their censorship for evil in the
+movies, to evil in all these other agencies. Unless this is their purpose,
+of what shall it avail us to get evil out of the movies by censorship—unless,
+by the same methods, we extract it from all other agencies
+of usefulness or happiness?</p>
+
+<p>On the other hand, if our youth are not to be lost because of our
+failure to apply censorship to automobiles and other agencies, then
+why apply it to the movies? In the case of the movies, as in the
+case of all these other agencies for both good and evil, why should
+we not depend on existing laws against crime, and in addition, what
+is far more important, why should we not trust to the <b>good old institutions
+of parents, homes, real education, real religion and the development
+of scientific truth to fortify youth against evil, by equipping
+them with strength in their own souls to conquer it.</b> I tell you that
+it cannot be done in any other way.</p>
+
+
+<h3>BUILD SELF RELIANT YOUTH</h3>
+
+<p>Our vision in this matter of censorship must not be limited to
+the mere entertainment of motion pictures furnished by the present
+motion picture industry. It must go far beyond that. For, in addition
+to censoring all forms and agencies of pleasure now contemplated,
+the amazing power demanded by the censorship advocates includes the
+power to also censor every teaching of science (evolution and otherwise),
+economics, patriotism, religion and government. As one after
+the other shall fall to the fetters of censorship, we shall get further
+and further away from real remedies for evil, only to become more
+and more enslaved to the forces of reaction of fanaticism, ignorance,
+superstition, despotism and tyranny. All this crusading for such false
+remedies is making us more and more the laughing stock of the world.
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</span>If we yield to the demands of its well-meaning, but mistaken zealots,
+we shall nurse up a generation of human jelly fish, of weaklings,
+dependents, morons and criminals instead of a nation of sturdy, self-reliant
+boys and girls.</p>
+
+
+<h3>IMPROVEMENT RAPID</h3>
+
+<p>No one deplores more than I do the commercialization of certain
+phases of what we call the sex appeal or improper crime stories in the
+movies. No one deplores more than I do some of the stupid, inartistic,
+vulgar, uncultural, silly things in the movies. They are there as in
+books and newspapers. If censorship were a practical remedy for
+anything, we might better have it against bad taste, bad manners and
+some of the stupid, boresome movies that can do no harm to anyone
+except waste their time, and because of their very insipid stupidity,
+would meet with approval of any board of censors. It is all to be
+naturally expected in an industry or <ins title="Original has 'artistery'" id="artistry">artistry</ins> so new. More patience,
+time and education are needed to correct them. No one is more anxious
+than I am to see them corrected. But it would be highly unjust
+not to, at the same time, keep in mind all that is right with the movies.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>In their short life of scarcely a quarter of a century, they
+have done more to correct these follies and mistakes than literature
+and newspapers have done in a century.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>When I deal with naughty children, I always find more good than
+evil in them, though their accusers seldom admit it. I get more out of
+them by praising them for the good they do than by condemning them
+for the evil they do. In this way do I succeed best. By working with
+them and not against them. (Let us then, with this equally human
+thing, see all the wonderful improvement that has been made in recent
+years, not only artistically, from the standpoint of the producer, but
+also from that of the growing demand of the public for clean shows,
+and the splendid work of the producers in furnishing them.)</p>
+
+
+<h3>PUBLIC OPINION RULES</h3>
+
+<p>And even when crime and vice are presented, when it must be
+done, more and more is it being done within the bounds of decency
+and with due regard to well-established rules that most every one
+knows and accepts. Few minds differ upon what is really <ins title="Original has 'abscenity'" id="obscenity">obscenity</ins>
+and indecency. Nothing is being more frowned upon today than the
+stories written for a mere pornographic, sensual appeal, without any
+good purpose intended or accomplished. For all of such cases, we have
+the laws against obscenity and indecency which are not near as much
+used or enforced as they might be and could be.</p>
+
+<p><b>And we ever have the appeal to public opinion.</b> I believe it is in
+the end safe and sane in this country. And then there is being held
+out to us by the producers themselves the open door invitation to join
+hands with them to give the public the thing that it wants most and
+that is, clean, decent, wholesome pictures. The children are being provided
+with special films and opportunities to see them.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>Cooperation between public and producer and exhibitor is
+being successfully accepted as one of the best methods of carrying
+on propaganda in this country for better, bigger and
+cleaner pictures.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</span></p>
+
+<p>And, as a result, we are getting more and more of them all the
+time. From every standpoint in theme, story, purpose, photography,
+artistry, amazing progress has been made in the last few years. We
+have never had so many marvelous, unobjectionable pictures as now
+before the public. One of the very latest of these, “The Big Parade,”
+is here. You have seen “The Ten Commandments.” “Ben Hur” is
+being shown. Hundreds of others could be mentioned. I hold here a
+list of several hundred such, selected by Mrs. Virginia Palmer, State
+Chairman of the Motion Picture Department of our Colorado Parent-Teacher
+Association.</p>
+
+
+<h3>COOPERATION AND ENCOURAGEMENT</h3>
+
+<p>The work of Mr. Hays and his associates in courting cooperation
+and in receiving it from so many worthy sources deserves encouragement
+instead of criticism. It has been a great success. Any fair
+investigation of what the producers are doing under his able management
+will disclose an amazing improvement in the short time for its
+accomplishment. Let’s work with them and not against them as the
+very best way to bigger and better things in the movies.</p>
+
+<p>Especially is this course important when the best minds of this
+country—like Professor Ross, who has just addressed you—have
+warned us against the dangers of abuses sure and certain to come
+under governmental censorship, and who, for many reasons, almost
+without exception, firmly oppose it. We have overwhelming proof
+that the people of this country do not want any more of such governmental
+regulation and that they are opposed to such dangerous
+powers being vested in any set of bureaucrats. This is confirmed by
+the recent vote in Massachusetts that in their referendum to the people
+buried the demand for motion picture censorship with a tidal
+wave of “noes.” It was certainly loud enough to be heard all over
+this country. The vote was 553,173 against censorship to 208,252 for
+it—a majority of 344,991 against.</p>
+
+
+<h3>REAL EDUCATION AND RELIGION</h3>
+
+<p>I am not questioning the sincerity or good motives of anyone. I
+simply question their understanding. How people can make the statements
+that are being made in some quarters, that the movies are
+getting worse instead of better, I cannot understand. I do not believe
+it. If they are, then it is a terrible indictment of our schools and
+churches, far more than of the movies. It is proof that they are failing.
+For if this thing be true, that, without the kind of governmental
+censorship and regulation that is being proposed in some quarters, the
+movies are to get worse and worse, then the churches and schools
+had better close their doors, for the claim is equivalent to a confession
+that they are failures. I do not believe they are failures. <b>I believe in
+real religion and in real education.</b> I think their power and influence
+are on the up-grade in this country. It is from their wise application
+that we must look most for our remedies in the fight against evil.
+The great duty to childhood today is that of parenthood and its handmaidens,
+the school and the church—real education and real religion.</p>
+
+
+<h3>RESPONSIBLE PEOPLE NEEDED</h3>
+
+<p>We must have in this country people responsible for these agencies,
+who will acquaint themselves with what evil is and equip themselves
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</span>with the wisdom to teach children how to fight it, how to overcome
+it; that they shall come to know that the child’s greatest safeguard
+against evil is not censorship—the policeman with the club to
+direct what he shall say, hear or do—the city, state or national wet-nursism
+from the day he is born until he becomes an adult man or
+woman.</p>
+
+
+<h3>PARENTAL RESPONSIBILITY</h3>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>Rather do I appeal for the simpler and saner expedient of
+parental responsibility in companionship, spiritual training,
+education, ideals and confidences that will educate that child
+as to what evil is, to know where it lurks, and what he must
+do to avoid it; that will teach him to hate it and despise it.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>In this work, we need the cooperation of this great, new institution,
+the movies. It can be done best by thus seeking the cooperation
+of those who have the economic control of this new power, this new
+means of education, the greatest that has ever appeared in any civilization.</p>
+
+<p>I believe it can be done, and in a very large measure, it is being
+done, with glowing opportunities and prospects for greater accomplishment
+in the future than in the recent past. It is this sort of
+remedy that I heartily advocate rather than any censorship or regulation
+through city, state or national boards composed of people who
+are to be given arbitrary, tyrannical and dangerous powers over the
+development of the human mind. Such a remedy, I believe, will never
+be accepted by the American people. If it ever is, it will be the saddest
+day in the history of human progress since the bigotries and
+tyrannies of the Middle Ages. It would mean that the issues of the
+Scopes case in Tennessee would be as nothing compared to this new
+power of a few people to tell the balance of America what they shall
+see, hear or know, or what they shall be taught, to direct the human
+mind which alone can retard or advance the progress of the world.</p>
+
+<p>For let it be remembered that moving pictures, as a medium of
+expression in influencing the human mind, as yet, are in their infancy.
+They will be greater than the printing press, and whoever controls
+this power will do most to control the future of the human race.</p>
+
+
+<h3>TRUST TO ALL THE PEOPLE</h3>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>I would rather trust it to all the people than to a few people,
+especially when that few are backed, as <ins title="Original has 'it'" id="is">is</ins> proposed, in
+their censorship regulations, by the powers of force and violence
+to impose their will upon all the others.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Once having put in the hands of a few individuals, whether puritans
+or politicians, of good or evil purpose, the power to say what
+books shall be screened, what stories shall be pictured, what scientific
+knowledge or achievement shall be presented, what reform espoused
+by capital or labor, class or church, group or party, and, what shall
+not, it will demand the same right as to the newspapers, books and
+other forms of human expression, possibly the platform itself, until
+all liberty and all freedom shall be lost unless such madness, as I
+believe it to be, should, if ever successful, be met by revolt and revolution.</p>
+
+<p>The progress of art, science and literature in this country depends
+upon an unfettered, original creative imagination. There can be no
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</span>progress or creative work anywhere with the hobble of censorship on
+these things at the helm. Freedom of thinkers, scientists, and artists
+does not mean degeneracy. It means justice, truth, progress, happiness,
+health and beauty. The chains of censorship mean irritation,
+reaction, bigotry, vice, immorality, gloom, degeneracy and death. Of
+course there are dangers in everything—good and evil in everything—all
+dependent on its use and understanding. But I would a thousand
+times rather take my chances on too much freedom than too much
+of these artificial restraints.</p>
+
+
+<h3>ALREADY REGULATED</h3>
+
+<p>There is, of course, some regulation of certain phases of the
+moving picture industry that is defensible. But it seems to me very
+unjust to compare the demand for censorship power to the same kind
+of governmental regulations of industrial affairs which have to do
+with business competition between individuals or corporations, or
+with the distribution of foodstuffs as to deleterious substances, on
+which no two minds can well differ after science has given its verdict.</p>
+
+<p>Reasonable regulations as to business competition, labor, shipment
+of films, protection from fire, ventilation, seating, spacing and
+lighting of halls may well apply to the movies. But as a more justly
+analogous case, who would say even as to foodstuffs or drugs, about
+which we hear so much, that a board of bodily appetite censors should
+have a right to say whether a city’s diet should not include pork chops,
+if a person preferred them to mutton chops, simply because of the
+views or tastes of the censors, or because great religious teachers have
+censored the hog and approved the lamb; or that tea and coffee
+should be censored because other teachers say the taste of too much
+of it is worse than a moderate use of booze. The so-called badness
+of most pictures may be due far more to that which is bad in the
+taste of the censors than that which is really bad in the pictures.</p>
+
+
+<h3>LAWS ARE SUFFICIENT</h3>
+
+<p>And while I am not here discussing prohibition, yet as one of
+its original champions, I would be false to the truth if I did not, at
+least in discussing this new kind of prohibition of the thoughts of the
+human mind, refer to all the evils that have followed our efforts thus
+to curb by law the appetite of bodies. But even the case of the movies
+is different. Booze was believed to be poison for the body and the
+remedy was supposed to be complete outlawry. Well, at least we are
+not prepared to say what the final result is going to be, even though
+there may be justification there where none is here. What is poison
+for the body is much easier of ascertainment than what is poison for
+the mind. Acknowledged poisons of the mind are all met by laws
+against obscenity with their penalties and punishments. They are
+accepted as fair and just to everybody.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>But human thought, which is back of all human progress
+and of all change in the customs, morals, habits, traditions
+and affairs of mankind, is an entirely different matter. It is
+in no way justly comparable to any other form of arbitrary,
+forcible censorship regulations that any state has ever undertaken.
+It seems to me that this is so true that unprejudiced
+minds cannot justly question it.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</span></p>
+
+
+<h3>HUMAN THOUGHT NOT TO BE TAMPERED WITH</h3>
+
+<p>In the regulation of human thought, as presented through instruction
+or entertainment in the motion pictures, books or newspapers,
+we have an entirely different problem. It is too dangerous to
+tamper with in any governmental, regulative, arbitrary way. To
+attempt it is to court the greater evils of bigotry and fanaticism, of
+racial, religious and class prejudices, of hatreds and tyrannies.</p>
+
+<p>I would a thousand times rather see civilization subjected to all
+the dangers which may lurk in an entirely, unregulated and uncensored
+press, or of books, plays or motion pictures, than to risk the far
+greater evils of arbitrary, forcible, governmental censorship regulation.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>There are no committees of people on earth who have any
+such super wisdom or right to exercise any such power, no
+matter how commendable its purpose may be.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>No, my friends, those who propose such remedies are honest but
+mistaken. I wish they could all be convinced. I know their purposes
+are good. I wish they would join the multitude of constructive
+fathers, mothers, preachers, teachers, business men and citizens,
+through the work of the home, school, church and press, enlisting, as
+I believe we can, the cooperation and help of those who produce and
+distribute the movies themselves, to get bigger, better and cleaner
+pictures.</p>
+
+<p>Decorating the walls of this room, we have held up to us a picture
+of the crusader, St. George, in pursuit of the Dragon. It is an interesting
+poster. I have seen it held up to children and parents in
+Sunday-schools and churches. It has for us a great lesson. But I
+sometimes wonder if it is understood. In this picture, St. George is
+clad in armor.</p>
+
+
+<h3>USING ONE’S OWN STRENGTH</h3>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>It is the symbol of HIS OWN STRENGTH and power to meet and
+slay the dragon—the evil he encounters.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<p>Thus, down the path of life you have him started. He goes alone.
+He is protected by no governmental wet-nursism. No censors have
+preceded him to chase the dragons from his path. Now, just imagine
+the censors doing that, be they a certain type of dear, old ladies who
+never will be satisfied that anything is good if it pictures vice or crime,
+or well-meaning Puritans with worse complexes, or crafty politicians
+with itching palms, snooping into every crack and cranny for the
+smell of dragons (evil) to shoo them off the path before young
+George may proceed upon his way.</p>
+
+<p>I hear them saying, “Come on, Georgie, dear boy; the path is
+clear; we censors have done your work; we have seen to it that not
+even a suspicious tabby cat can cross your path. You have no fight
+to make; we will spare you even the sight of a dragon (evil) on the
+road.”</p>
+
+<p>Is that what you are going to do to Young America? Change the
+noble knighthood of conflict and struggle to the milksophood of apron
+<span class="pagenum" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</span>strings? Yet such is governmental censorship. Against it, I protest.
+Against it, modern youth revolts. I beseech you in their name, that
+you avoid a step so fatal and so false.</p>
+
+<p>I know you do not want to make mollycoddles of this younger
+generation because a few morons or even alert, but vicious-minded,
+persons, have become criminals from something good or bad they
+have seen in the movies. I do not want to see methods adopted in
+mistaken purpose of fighting evil whose effect is only to make insipid,
+dependent, hot-house plants of modern youth.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>I want to see a self-reliant Young America. I want to see
+it grow to sturdy manhood, like the oak that faces and fights
+the storm and fights best where the foe is known best and encountered
+most.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+
+<h3>PREPARE YOUTH FOR THE PATH</h3>
+
+<p>This is the only right way to successfully equip the youth of
+America with moral, physical and mental efficiency. Then, and only
+then, as modern St. Georges, thus armored, they can be trusted
+THEMSELVES to meet the dragons of evil that cross the path of life.
+For down that path they have to go. You cannot prepare the path
+for them. You cannot clear it of the dragons. Forcible governmental
+censorship can’t do it and ought not to do it.</p>
+
+<blockquote>
+<p><b>It’s our job to prepare youth for the path, the big job
+parents, teachers and preachers are neglecting in their mistaken
+effort too much to prepare the path for them. I do
+beseech you to direct your efforts more to preparing youth for
+the path and less to preparing the path for youth. Then,
+with perfect faith, you can trust him to go down that path,
+and though it be strewn with dragon’s teeth, he will emerge
+triumphant, the glorious youth that he is—Young America,
+the noblest, bravest, wisest, most loyal, generous and just
+that the world has ever seen—his own best censor.</b></p>
+</blockquote>
+
+<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop">
+<div class="chapter">
+<div class="tnote">
+ <h2 class="nobreak" id="Transcribers_note">
+ Transcriber’s Note
+ </h2>
+
+<p>Inconsistencies in hyphenation have been standardized.</p>
+
+<p>Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice.</p>
+
+<p>New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.</p>
+
+<p>Spelling was retained as in the original except for the following changes:</p>
+
+<table class="autotable">
+<tbody>
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#weak">5</a>: “some of the week-minded”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“some of the weak-minded”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#Yet">5</a>: “to be done. yet”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“to be done. Yet”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#sovereign">7</a>: “forever the undisputed soverign”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“forever the undisputed sovereign”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#restraints1">8</a>: “mostly by artificial restaints”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“mostly by artificial restraints”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#restraints2">9</a>: “of the natural restrains”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“of the natural restraints”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#artistry">11</a>: “an industry or artistery”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“an industry or artistry”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#obscenity">11</a>: “what is really abscenity”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“what is really obscenity”</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td class="tdl">Page <a href="#is">13</a>: “are backed, as it”</td>
+<td class="tdl">to</td>
+<td class="tdl">“are backed, as is”</td>
+</tr>
+
+</tbody></table>
+
+</div></div>
+
+</main>
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79231 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/79231-h/images/cover.jpg b/79231-h/images/cover.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd7909a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/79231-h/images/cover.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/79231-h/images/title.jpg b/79231-h/images/title.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7898c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/79231-h/images/title.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c72794
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This book, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ff8f6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+[Project Gutenberg](https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for eBook [#79231](https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/79231)