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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/9223-0.txt b/9223-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a2728f --- /dev/null +++ b/9223-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook of Fire Worship, by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +Title: Fire Worship + +Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne + +Release Date: September 6, 2003 [eBook #9223] +[Most recently updated: November 9, 2022] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Produced by: David Widger and Al Haines + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + + + + +Fire Worship + +by Nathaniel Hawthorne + + + + +It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so in +the life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of the +open fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a morning +as now lowers around our old gray parsonage, I miss the bright face of +my ancient friend, who was wont to dance upon the hearth and play the +part of more familiar sunshine. It is sad to turn from the cloudy sky +and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, with its crown of rusty, black +pines, the foliage of which is so dismal in the absence of the sun; +that bleak pasture-land, and the broken surface of the potato-field, +with the brown clods partly concealed by the snowfall of last night; +the swollen and sluggish river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging +its bluish-gray stream along the verge of our orchard like a snake half +torpid with the cold,—it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so +little comfort and find the same sullen influences brooding within the +precincts of my study. Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and +subtle spirit, whom Prometheus lured from heaven to civilize mankind +and cheer them in their wintry desolation; that comfortable inmate, +whose smile, during eight months of the year, was our sufficient +consolation for summer’s lingering advance and early flight? Alas! +blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and +mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to +smoulder away his life on a daily pittance which once would have been +too scanty for his breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make our fire +in an air-tight stove, and supply it with some half a dozen sticks of +wood between dawn and nightfall. + +I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said that +the world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and there +and all around us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting the +picturesque, the poetic, and the beautiful out of human life. The +domestic fire was a type of all these attributes, and seemed to bring +might and majesty, and wild nature and a spiritual essence, into our in +most home, and yet to dwell with us in such friendliness that its +mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild companion that +smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes roaring out of Ætna +and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend breaking loose from torment +and fighting for a place among the upper angels. He it is, too, that +leaps from cloud to cloud amid the crashing thunder-storm. It was he +whom the Gheber worshipped with no unnatural idolatry; and it was he +who devoured London and Moscow and many another famous city, and who +loves to riot through our own dark forests and sweep across our +prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it is said, the universe shall one +day be given as a final feast. Meanwhile he is the great artisan and +laborer by whose aid men are enabled to build a world within a world, +or, at least, to smooth down the rough creation which Nature flung to +it. He forges the mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives +the steamboat and drags the rail-car; and it was he—this creature of +terrible might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive +destructiveness—that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our +wintry days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage. + +How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet +bearing himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of +all life-long and age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he were +the great conservative of nature. While a man was true to the fireside, +so long would he be true to country and law, to the God whom his +fathers worshipped, to the wife of his youth, and to all things else +which instinct or religion has taught us to consider sacred. With how +sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform all needful offices +for the household in which he was domesticated! He was equal to the +concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to roast a potato or +toast a bit of cheese. How humanely did he cherish the school-boy’s icy +fingers, and thaw the old man’s joints with a genial warmth which +almost equalled the glow of youth! And how carefully did he dry the +cowhide boots that had trudged through mud and snow, and the shaggy +outside garment stiff with frozen sleet! taking heed, likewise, to the +comfort of the faithful dog who had followed his master through the +storm. When did he refuse a coal to light a pipe, or even a part of his +own substance to kindle a neighbor’s fire? And then, at twilight, when +laborer, or scholar, or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a +chair beside him and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how +profound, how comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and +all! He pictured forth their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed +the scenes of the adventurous life before them; to the aged the shadows +of departed love and hope; and, if all earthly things had grown +distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser with golden glimpses +of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with the human soul, +how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, the painter of +magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil! + +Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and +helpfulness that the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, would +run riot through the peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his terrible +embrace, and leave nothing of them save their whitened bones. This +possibility of mad destruction only made his domestic kindness the more +beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, being endowed with such +power, to dwell day after day, and one long lonesome night after +another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then betraying his wild +nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the chimney-top! True, he had +done much mischief in the world, and was pretty certain to do more; but +his warm heart atoned for all. He was kindly to the race of man; and +they pardoned his characteristic imperfections. + +The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well +acquainted with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance of +wood, according to the terms of his settlement, was no less than sixty +cords. Almost an annual forest was converted from sound oak logs into +ashes, in the kitchen, the parlor, and this little study, where now an +unworthy successor, not in the pastoral office, but merely in his +earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an air-tight stove. I love to +fancy one of those fireside days while the good man, a contemporary of +the Revolution, was in his early prime, some five-and-sixty years ago. +Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze hovered upon the gray skirts of +night and dissolved the frostwork that had gathered like a curtain over +the small window-panes. There is something peculiar in the aspect of +the morning fireside; a fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that +mellowness which can be produced only by half-consumed logs, and +shapeless brands with the white ashes on them, and mighty coals, the +remnant of tree-trunks that the hungry, elements have gnawed for hours. +The morning hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen andirons well +brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. Surely +it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a substantial +breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and opened the Whole +Body of Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or whichever of his old +folios or quartos might fall within the range of his weekly sermons. It +must have been his own fault if the warmth and glow of this abundant +hearth did not permeate the discourse and keep his audience comfortable +in spite of the bitterest northern blast that ever wrestled with the +church-steeple. He reads while the heat warps the stiff covers of the +volume; he writes without numbness either in his heart or fingers; and, +with unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the fire. + +A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence—how should he +be otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?—does the minister bid +him welcome, and set a chair for him in so close proximity to the +hearth, that soon the guest finds it needful to rub his scorched shins +with his great red hands! The melted snow drips from his steaming boots +and bubbles upon the hearth. His puckered forehead unravels its +entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose much of the enjoyment of +fireside heat without such an opportunity of marking its genial effect +upon those who have been looking the inclement weather in the face. In +the course of the day our clergyman himself strides forth, perchance to +pay a round of pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of +a wood-pile and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the +fire. He returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the +short afternoon the western sunshine comes into the study and strives +to stare the ruddy blaze out of countenance but with only a brief +triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter glories of its rival. +Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the deepening light +that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human figure, the table, +and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite wall, and at length, as +twilight comes on, replenishes the room with living radiance and makes +life all rose-color. Afar the wayfarer discerns the flickering flame as +it dances upon the windows, and hails it as a beacon-light of humanity, +reminding him, in his cold and lonely path, that the world is not all +snow, and solitude, and desolation. At eventide, probably, the study +was peopled with the clergyman’s wife and family, and children tumbled +themselves upon the hearth-rug, and grave puss sat with her back to the +fire, or gazed, with a semblance of human meditation, into its fervid +depths. Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day were raked over the +mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, and an incense +of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney. + +Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for almost +ninety winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,—when it had +gleamed upon him from infancy to extreme age, and never without +brightening his spirits as well as his visage, and perhaps keeping him +alive so long,—he had the heart to brick up his chimney-place and bid +farewell to the face of his old friend forever, why did he not take an +eternal leave of the sunshine too? His sixty cords of wood had probably +dwindled to a far less ample supply in modern times; and it is certain +that the parsonage had grown crazy with time and tempest and pervious +to the cold; but still it was one of the saddest tokens of the decline +and fall of open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have +deigned to warm himself at an air-tight stove. + +And I, likewise,—who have found a home in this ancient owl’s-nest since +its former occupant took his heavenward flight,—I, to my shame, have +put up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander where you will +about the house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, heaven-aspiring fiend +of Ætna,—him that sports in the thunder-storm, the idol of the Ghebers, +the devourer of cities, the forest-rioter and prairie-sweeper, the +future destroyer of our earth, the old chimney-corner companion who +mingled himself so sociably with household joys and sorrows,—not a +glimpse of this mighty and kindly one will greet your eyes. He is now +an invisible presence. There is his iron cage. Touch it, and he +scorches your fingers. He delights to singe a garment or perpetrate any +other little unworthy mischief; for his temper is ruined by the +ingratitude of mankind, for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling, +and to whom he taught all their arts, even that of making his own +prison-house. In his fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome +gas through the crevices of the door, and shakes the iron walls of his +dungeon so as to overthrow the ornamental urn upon its summit. We +tremble lest he should break forth amongst us. Much of his time is +spent in sighs, burdened with unutterable grief, and long drawn through +the funnel. He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the whispers, +the moans, and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the wind; +so that the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally +there are strange combinations of sounds,—voices talking almost +articulately within the hollow chest of iron,—insomuch that fancy +beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that +infernal forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints to +Dante. When the listener is half asleep he may readily take these +voices for the conversation of spirits and assign them an intelligible +meaning. Anon there is a pattering noise,—drip, drip, drip,—as if a +summer shower were falling within the narrow circumference of the +stove. + +These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight +stove can bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences which +we have lost by our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is this +world so very bright that we can afford to choke up such a domestic +fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down by its darkened source without +being conscious of a gloom? + +It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it +has been, now that we have subtracted from it so important and +vivifying an element as firelight. The effects will be more perceptible +on our children and the generations that shall succeed them than on +ourselves, the mechanism of whose life may remain unchanged, though its +spirit be far other than it was. The sacred trust of the household fire +has been transmitted in unbroken succession from the earliest ages, and +faithfully cherished in spite of every discouragement such as the +curfew law of the Norman conquerors, until in these evil days physical +science has nearly succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at least have +our youthful recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and our +life-long habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual +bond in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be +forever departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present with +us; and still more will the empty forms which were once full of his +rejoicing presence continue to rule our manners. We shall draw our +chairs together as we and our forefathers have been wont for thousands +of years back, and sit around some blank and empty corner of the room, +babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics suitable to the homely +fireside. A warmth from the past—from the ashes of bygone years and the +raked-up embers of long ago—will sometimes thaw the ice about our +hearts; but it must be otherwise with our successors. On the most +favorable supposition, they will be acquainted with the fireside in no +better shape than that of the sullen stove; and more probably they will +have grown up amid furnace heat in houses which might be fancied to +have their foundation over the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams +and unbreathable exhalations ascend through the apertures of the floor. +There will be nothing to attract these poor children to one centre. +They will never behold one another through that peculiar medium of +vision the ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous coal—-which gives +the human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows and melts all +humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it may +still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never +gather itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet unambitious +Jest; the life-like, practical discussion of real matters in a casual +way; the soul of truth which is so often incarnated in a simple +fireside word,—will disappear from earth. Conversation will contract +the air of debate, and all mortal intercourse be chilled with a fatal +frost. + +In classic times, the exhortation to fight “pro axis et focis,” for the +altars and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that could +be made to patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; for all +subsequent ages and people have acknowledged its force and responded to +it with the full portion of manhood that nature had assigned to each. +Wisely were the altar and the hearth conjoined in one mighty sentence; +for the hearth, too, had its kindred sanctity. Religion sat down beside +it, not in the priestly robes which decorated and perhaps disguised her +at the altar, but arrayed in a simple matron’s garb, and uttering her +lessons with the tenderness of a mother’s voice and heart. The holy +hearth! If any earthly and material thing, or rather a divine idea +embodied in brick and mortar, might be supposed to possess the +permanence of moral truth, it was this. All revered it. The man who did +not put off his shoes upon this holy ground would have deemed it +pastime to trample upon the altar. It has been our task to uproot the +hearth. What further reform is left for our children to achieve, unless +they overthrow the altar too? And by what appeal hereafter, when the +breath of hostile armies may mingle with the pure, cold breezes of our +country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? Fight for your +hearths? There will be none throughout the land. FIGHT FOR YOUR STOVES! +Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I strike a blow, it shall be on the +invader’s part; and Heaven grant that it may shatter the abomination +all to pieces! + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part +of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm +concept and trademark. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online +at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you +are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the +country where you are located before using this eBook. +</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Fire Worship</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: September 6, 2003 [eBook #9223]<br /> +[Most recently updated: November 9, 2022]</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: David Widger and Al Haines</div> +<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP ***</div> + +<h1>Fire Worship</h1> + +<h2 class="no-break">by Nathaniel Hawthorne</h2> + +<hr /> + +<div class="chapter"> + +<p> +It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so in the +life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of the open +fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a morning as now lowers +around our old gray parsonage, I miss the bright face of my ancient friend, who +was wont to dance upon the hearth and play the part of more familiar sunshine. +It is sad to turn from the cloudy sky and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, +with its crown of rusty, black pines, the foliage of which is so dismal in the +absence of the sun; that bleak pasture-land, and the broken surface of the +potato-field, with the brown clods partly concealed by the snowfall of last +night; the swollen and sluggish river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging its +bluish-gray stream along the verge of our orchard like a snake half torpid with +the cold,—it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so little comfort +and find the same sullen influences brooding within the precincts of my study. +Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and subtle spirit, whom Prometheus +lured from heaven to civilize mankind and cheer them in their wintry +desolation; that comfortable inmate, whose smile, during eight months of the +year, was our sufficient consolation for summer’s lingering advance and early +flight? Alas! blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and +mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to smoulder +away his life on a daily pittance which once would have been too scanty for his +breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make our fire in an air-tight stove, and +supply it with some half a dozen sticks of wood between dawn and nightfall. +</p> + +<p> +I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said that the +world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and there and all around +us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting the picturesque, the poetic, +and the beautiful out of human life. The domestic fire was a type of all these +attributes, and seemed to bring might and majesty, and wild nature and a +spiritual essence, into our in most home, and yet to dwell with us in such +friendliness that its mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild +companion that smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes roaring out of +Ætna and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend breaking loose from torment and +fighting for a place among the upper angels. He it is, too, that leaps from +cloud to cloud amid the crashing thunder-storm. It was he whom the Gheber +worshipped with no unnatural idolatry; and it was he who devoured London and +Moscow and many another famous city, and who loves to riot through our own dark +forests and sweep across our prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it is said, +the universe shall one day be given as a final feast. Meanwhile he is the great +artisan and laborer by whose aid men are enabled to build a world within a +world, or, at least, to smooth down the rough creation which Nature flung to +it. He forges the mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives the +steamboat and drags the rail-car; and it was he—this creature of terrible +might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive +destructiveness—that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our wintry +days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage. +</p> + +<p> +How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet bearing +himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of all life-long and +age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he were the great conservative of +nature. While a man was true to the fireside, so long would he be true to +country and law, to the God whom his fathers worshipped, to the wife of his +youth, and to all things else which instinct or religion has taught us to +consider sacred. With how sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform all +needful offices for the household in which he was domesticated! He was equal to +the concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to roast a potato or toast a +bit of cheese. How humanely did he cherish the school-boy’s icy fingers, and +thaw the old man’s joints with a genial warmth which almost equalled the glow +of youth! And how carefully did he dry the cowhide boots that had trudged +through mud and snow, and the shaggy outside garment stiff with frozen sleet! +taking heed, likewise, to the comfort of the faithful dog who had followed his +master through the storm. When did he refuse a coal to light a pipe, or even a +part of his own substance to kindle a neighbor’s fire? And then, at twilight, +when laborer, or scholar, or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a +chair beside him and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how profound, how +comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and all! He pictured forth +their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed the scenes of the adventurous +life before them; to the aged the shadows of departed love and hope; and, if +all earthly things had grown distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser +with golden glimpses of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with +the human soul, how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, the +painter of magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil! +</p> + +<p> +Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and helpfulness that +the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, would run riot through the +peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his terrible embrace, and leave nothing of +them save their whitened bones. This possibility of mad destruction only made +his domestic kindness the more beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, +being endowed with such power, to dwell day after day, and one long lonesome +night after another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then betraying his wild +nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the chimney-top! True, he had done +much mischief in the world, and was pretty certain to do more; but his warm +heart atoned for all. He was kindly to the race of man; and they pardoned his +characteristic imperfections. +</p> + +<p> +The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well acquainted +with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance of wood, according to +the terms of his settlement, was no less than sixty cords. Almost an annual +forest was converted from sound oak logs into ashes, in the kitchen, the +parlor, and this little study, where now an unworthy successor, not in the +pastoral office, but merely in his earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an +air-tight stove. I love to fancy one of those fireside days while the good man, +a contemporary of the Revolution, was in his early prime, some five-and-sixty +years ago. Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze hovered upon the gray skirts of +night and dissolved the frostwork that had gathered like a curtain over the +small window-panes. There is something peculiar in the aspect of the morning +fireside; a fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that mellowness which can be +produced only by half-consumed logs, and shapeless brands with the white ashes +on them, and mighty coals, the remnant of tree-trunks that the hungry, elements +have gnawed for hours. The morning hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen +andirons well brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. +Surely it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a substantial +breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and opened the Whole Body of +Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or whichever of his old folios or quartos +might fall within the range of his weekly sermons. It must have been his own +fault if the warmth and glow of this abundant hearth did not permeate the +discourse and keep his audience comfortable in spite of the bitterest northern +blast that ever wrestled with the church-steeple. He reads while the heat warps +the stiff covers of the volume; he writes without numbness either in his heart +or fingers; and, with unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the +fire. +</p> + +<p> +A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence—how should he be +otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?—does the minister bid him +welcome, and set a chair for him in so close proximity to the hearth, that soon +the guest finds it needful to rub his scorched shins with his great red hands! +The melted snow drips from his steaming boots and bubbles upon the hearth. His +puckered forehead unravels its entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose +much of the enjoyment of fireside heat without such an opportunity of marking +its genial effect upon those who have been looking the inclement weather in the +face. In the course of the day our clergyman himself strides forth, perchance +to pay a round of pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of a +wood-pile and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the fire. He +returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the short afternoon the +western sunshine comes into the study and strives to stare the ruddy blaze out +of countenance but with only a brief triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter +glories of its rival. Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the +deepening light that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human figure, the +table, and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite wall, and at length, as +twilight comes on, replenishes the room with living radiance and makes life all +rose-color. Afar the wayfarer discerns the flickering flame as it dances upon +the windows, and hails it as a beacon-light of humanity, reminding him, in his +cold and lonely path, that the world is not all snow, and solitude, and +desolation. At eventide, probably, the study was peopled with the clergyman’s +wife and family, and children tumbled themselves upon the hearth-rug, and grave +puss sat with her back to the fire, or gazed, with a semblance of human +meditation, into its fervid depths. Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day +were raked over the mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, +and an incense of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney. +</p> + +<p> +Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for almost ninety +winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,—when it had gleamed upon +him from infancy to extreme age, and never without brightening his spirits as +well as his visage, and perhaps keeping him alive so long,—he had the +heart to brick up his chimney-place and bid farewell to the face of his old +friend forever, why did he not take an eternal leave of the sunshine too? His +sixty cords of wood had probably dwindled to a far less ample supply in modern +times; and it is certain that the parsonage had grown crazy with time and +tempest and pervious to the cold; but still it was one of the saddest tokens of +the decline and fall of open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have +deigned to warm himself at an air-tight stove. +</p> + +<p> +And I, likewise,—who have found a home in this ancient owl’s-nest since +its former occupant took his heavenward flight,—I, to my shame, have put +up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander where you will about the +house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, heaven-aspiring fiend of +Ætna,—him that sports in the thunder-storm, the idol of the Ghebers, the +devourer of cities, the forest-rioter and prairie-sweeper, the future destroyer +of our earth, the old chimney-corner companion who mingled himself so sociably +with household joys and sorrows,—not a glimpse of this mighty and kindly +one will greet your eyes. He is now an invisible presence. There is his iron +cage. Touch it, and he scorches your fingers. He delights to singe a garment or +perpetrate any other little unworthy mischief; for his temper is ruined by the +ingratitude of mankind, for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling, and to +whom he taught all their arts, even that of making his own prison-house. In his +fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome gas through the crevices of +the door, and shakes the iron walls of his dungeon so as to overthrow the +ornamental urn upon its summit. We tremble lest he should break forth amongst +us. Much of his time is spent in sighs, burdened with unutterable grief, and +long drawn through the funnel. He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the +whispers, the moans, and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the +wind; so that the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally +there are strange combinations of sounds,—voices talking almost +articulately within the hollow chest of iron,—insomuch that fancy +beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that infernal +forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints to Dante. When the +listener is half asleep he may readily take these voices for the conversation +of spirits and assign them an intelligible meaning. Anon there is a pattering +noise,—drip, drip, drip,—as if a summer shower were falling within +the narrow circumference of the stove. +</p> + +<p> +These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight stove can +bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences which we have lost by +our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is this world so very bright that we +can afford to choke up such a domestic fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down +by its darkened source without being conscious of a gloom? +</p> + +<p> +It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it has been, +now that we have subtracted from it so important and vivifying an element as +firelight. The effects will be more perceptible on our children and the +generations that shall succeed them than on ourselves, the mechanism of whose +life may remain unchanged, though its spirit be far other than it was. The +sacred trust of the household fire has been transmitted in unbroken succession +from the earliest ages, and faithfully cherished in spite of every +discouragement such as the curfew law of the Norman conquerors, until in these +evil days physical science has nearly succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at +least have our youthful recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and +our life-long habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual +bond in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be forever +departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present with us; and still +more will the empty forms which were once full of his rejoicing presence +continue to rule our manners. We shall draw our chairs together as we and our +forefathers have been wont for thousands of years back, and sit around some +blank and empty corner of the room, babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics +suitable to the homely fireside. A warmth from the past—from the ashes of +bygone years and the raked-up embers of long ago—will sometimes thaw the +ice about our hearts; but it must be otherwise with our successors. On the most +favorable supposition, they will be acquainted with the fireside in no better +shape than that of the sullen stove; and more probably they will have grown up +amid furnace heat in houses which might be fancied to have their foundation +over the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams and unbreathable exhalations +ascend through the apertures of the floor. There will be nothing to attract +these poor children to one centre. They will never behold one another through +that peculiar medium of vision the ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous +coal—-which gives the human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows +and melts all humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it +may still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never gather +itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet unambitious Jest; the +life-like, practical discussion of real matters in a casual way; the soul of +truth which is so often incarnated in a simple fireside word,—will +disappear from earth. Conversation will contract the air of debate, and all +mortal intercourse be chilled with a fatal frost. +</p> + +<p> +In classic times, the exhortation to fight “pro axis et focis,” for the altars +and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that could be made to +patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; for all subsequent ages and +people have acknowledged its force and responded to it with the full portion of +manhood that nature had assigned to each. Wisely were the altar and the hearth +conjoined in one mighty sentence; for the hearth, too, had its kindred +sanctity. Religion sat down beside it, not in the priestly robes which +decorated and perhaps disguised her at the altar, but arrayed in a simple +matron’s garb, and uttering her lessons with the tenderness of a mother’s voice +and heart. The holy hearth! If any earthly and material thing, or rather a +divine idea embodied in brick and mortar, might be supposed to possess the +permanence of moral truth, it was this. All revered it. The man who did not put +off his shoes upon this holy ground would have deemed it pastime to trample +upon the altar. It has been our task to uproot the hearth. What further reform +is left for our children to achieve, unless they overthrow the altar too? And +by what appeal hereafter, when the breath of hostile armies may mingle with the +pure, cold breezes of our country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? +Fight for your hearths? There will be none throughout the land. F<small>IGHT +FOR YOUR STOVES</small>! Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I strike a blow, +it shall be on the invader’s part; and Heaven grant that it may shatter the +abomination all to pieces! +</p> + +</div><!--end chapter--> + +<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP ***</div> +<div style='text-align:left'> + +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> +Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will +be renamed. +</div> + +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United +States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part +of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project +Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ +concept and trademark. 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Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3fd5d79 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #9223 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9223) diff --git a/old/9223.txt b/old/9223.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ecb8aaf --- /dev/null +++ b/old/9223.txt @@ -0,0 +1,697 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Fire Worship (From "Mosses From An Old +Manse"), by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Fire Worship (From "Mosses From An Old Manse") + +Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne + +Posting Date: December 8, 2010 [EBook #9223] +Release Date: November, 2005 +First Posted: September 6, 2003 +Last Updated: February 6, 2007 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger. HTML version by Al Haines. + + + + + + + + + + MOSSES FROM AN OLD MANSE + + By Nathaniel Hawthorne + + FIRE WORSHIP + + + +It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so +in the life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of +the open fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a +morning as now lowers around our old gray parsonage, I miss the +bright face of my ancient friend, who was wont to dance upon the +hearth and play the part of more familiar sunshine. It is sad to +turn from the cloudy sky and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, +with its crown of rusty, black pines, the foliage of which is so +dismal in the absence of the sun; that bleak pasture-land, and the +broken surface of the potato-field, with the brown clods partly +concealed by the snowfall of last night; the swollen and sluggish +river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging its bluish-gray stream +along the verge of our orchard like a snake half torpid with the +cold,--it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so little comfort +and find the same sullen influences brooding within the precincts of +my study. Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and subtle +spirit, whom Prometheus lured from heaven to civilize mankind and +cheer them in their wintry desolation; that comfortable inmate, +whose smile, during eight months of the year, was our sufficient +consolation for summer's lingering advance and early flight? Alas! +blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and +mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to +smoulder away his life on a daily pittance which once would have +been too scanty for his breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make +our fire in an air-tight stove, and supply it with some half a dozen +sticks of wood between dawn and nightfall. + +I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said +that the world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and +there and all around us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting +the picturesque, the poetic, and the beautiful out of human life. +The domestic fire was a type of all these attributes, and seemed to +bring might and majesty, and wild nature and a spiritual essence, +into our in most home, and yet to dwell with us in such friendliness +that its mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild +companion that smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes +roaring out of AEtna and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend +breaking loose from torment and fighting for a place among the upper +angels. He it is, too, that leaps from cloud to cloud amid the +crashing thunder-storm. It was he whom the Gheber worshipped with no +unnatural idolatry; and it was he who devoured London and Moscow and +many another famous city, and who loves to riot through our own dark +forests and sweep across our prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it +is said, the universe shall one day be given as a final feast. +Meanwhile he is the great artisan and laborer by whose aid men are +enabled to build a world within a world, or, at least, to smooth +down the rough creation which Nature flung to it. He forges the +mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives the steamboat +and drags the rail-car; and it was he--this creature of +terrible might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive +destructiveness--that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our +wintry days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage. + +How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet +bearing himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of +all life-long and age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he +were the great conservative of nature. While a man was true to the +fireside, so long would he be true to country and law, to the God +whom his fathers worshipped, to the wife of his youth, and to all +things else which instinct or religion has taught us to consider +sacred. With how sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform +all needful offices for the household in which he was domesticated! +He was equal to the concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to +roast a potato or toast a bit of cheese. How humanely did he +cherish the school-boy's icy fingers, and thaw the old man's joints +with a genial warmth which almost equalled the glow of youth! And +how carefully did he dry the cowhide boots that had trudged through +mud and snow, and the shaggy outside garment stiff with frozen +sleet! taking heed, likewise, to the comfort of the faithful dog who +had followed his master through the storm. When did he refuse a +coal to light a pipe, or even a part of his own substance to kindle +a neighbor's fire? And then, at twilight, when laborer, or scholar, +or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a chair beside him +and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how profound, how +comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and all! He +pictured forth their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed the +scenes of the adventurous life before them; to the aged the shadows +of departed love and hope; and, if all earthly things had grown +distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser with golden +glimpses of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with +the human soul, how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, +the painter of magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil! + +Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and +helpfulness that the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, +would run riot through the peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his +terrible embrace, and leave nothing of them save their whitened +bones. This possibility of mad destruction only made his domestic +kindness the more beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, +being endowed with such power, to dwell day after day, and one long +lonesome night after another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then +betraying his wild nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the +chimney-top! True, he had done much mischief in the world, and was +pretty certain to do more; but his warm heart atoned for all. He +was kindly to the race of man; and they pardoned his characteristic +imperfections. + +The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well +acquainted with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance +of wood, according to the terms of his settlement, was no less than +sixty cords. Almost an annual forest was converted from sound +oak logs into ashes, in the kitchen, the parlor, and this little +study, where now an unworthy successor, not in the pastoral office, +but merely in his earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an air-tight +stove. I love to fancy one of those fireside days while the good +man, a contemporary of the Revolution, was in his early prime, some +five-and-sixty years ago. Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze +hovered upon the gray skirts of night and dissolved the frostwork +that had gathered like a curtain over the small window-panes. There +is something peculiar in the aspect of the morning fireside; a +fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that mellowness which can be +produced only by half-consumed logs, and shapeless brands with the +white ashes on them, and mighty coals, the remnant of tree-trunks +that the hungry, elements have gnawed for hours. The morning +hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen andirons well +brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. +Surely it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a +substantial breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and +opened the Whole Body of Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or +whichever of his old folios or quartos might fall within the range +of his weekly sermons. It must have been his own fault if the +warmth and glow of this abundant hearth did not permeate the +discourse and keep his audience comfortable in spite of the +bitterest northern blast that ever wrestled with the church-steeple. +He reads while the heat warps the stiff covers of the volume; he +writes without numbness either in his heart or fingers; and, with +unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the fire. + +A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence--how should +he be otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?--does the +minister bid him welcome, and set a chair for him in so close +proximity to the hearth, that soon the guest finds it needful to rub +his scorched shins with his great red hands! The melted snow drips +from his steaming boots and bubbles upon the hearth. His puckered +forehead unravels its entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose +much of the enjoyment of fireside heat without such an opportunity +of marking its genial effect upon those who have been looking the +inclement weather in the face. In the course of the day our +clergyman himself strides forth, perchance to pay a round of +pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of a wood-pile +and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the fire. +He returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the +short afternoon the western sunshine comes into the study and +strives to stare the ruddy blaze out of countenance but with only a +brief triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter glories of its +rival. Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the +deepening light that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human +figure, the table, and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite +wall, and at length, as twilight comes on, replenishes the room with +living radiance and makes life all rose-color. Afar the wayfarer +discerns the flickering flame as it dances upon the windows, and +hails it as a beacon-light of humanity, reminding him, in his cold +and lonely path, that the world is not all snow, and solitude, and +desolation. At eventide, probably, the study was peopled with the +clergyman's wife and family, and children tumbled themselves upon +the hearth-rug, and grave puss sat with her back to the fire, or +gazed, with a semblance of human meditation, into its fervid depths. +Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day were raked over the +mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, and an +incense of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney. + +Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for +almost ninety winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,--when +it had gleamed upon him from infancy to extreme age, and never +without brightening his spirits as well as his visage, and perhaps +keeping him alive so long,--he had the heart to brick up his +chimney-place and bid farewell to the face of his old friend +forever, why did he not take an eternal leave of the sunshine too? +His sixty cords of wood had probably dwindled to a far less ample +supply in modern times; and it is certain that the parsonage had +grown crazy with time and tempest and pervious to the cold; but +still it was one of the saddest tokens of the decline and fall of +open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have deigned to warm +himself at an air-tight stove. + +And I, likewise,--who have found a home in this ancient owl's-nest +since its former occupant took his heavenward flight,--I, to my +shame, have put up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander +where you will about the house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, +heaven-aspiring fiend of Etna,--him that sports in the thunder-storm, +the idol of the Ghebers, the devourer of cities, the forest-rioter +and prairie-sweeper, the future destroyer of our earth, the +old chimney-corner companion who mingled himself so sociably with +household joys and sorrows,--not a glimpse of this mighty and kindly +one will greet your eyes. He is now an invisible presence. There +is his iron cage. Touch it, and he scorches your fingers. He +delights to singe a garment or perpetrate any other little unworthy +mischief; for his temper is ruined by the ingratitude of mankind, +for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling, and to whom he taught +all their arts, even that of making his own prison-house. In his +fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome gas through the +crevices of the door, and shakes the iron walls of his dungeon so as +to overthrow the ornamental urn upon its summit. We tremble lest he +should break forth amongst us. Much of his time is spent in sighs, +burdened with unutterable grief, and long drawn through the funnel. +He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the whispers, the moans, +and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the wind; so that +the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally +there are strange combinations of sounds,--voices talking almost +articulately within the hollow chest of iron,--insomuch that fancy +beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that +infernal forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints +to Dante. When the listener is half asleep he may readily take +these voices for the conversation of spirits and assign them an +intelligible meaning. Anon there is a pattering noise,--drip, +drip, drip,--as if a summer shower were falling within the narrow +circumference of the stove. + +These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight +stove can bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences +which we have lost by our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is +this world so very bright that we can afford to choke up such a +domestic fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down by its darkened +source without being conscious of a gloom? + +It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it +has been, now that we have subtracted from it so important and +vivifying an element as firelight. The effects will be more +perceptible on our children and the generations that shall succeed +them than on ourselves, the mechanism of whose life may remain +unchanged, though its spirit be far other than it was. The sacred +trust of the household fire has been transmitted in unbroken +succession from the earliest ages, and faithfully cherished in spite +of every discouragement such as the curfew law of the Norman +conquerors, until in these evil days physical science has nearly +succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at least have our youthful +recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and our life-long +habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual bond +in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be +forever departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present +with us; and still more will the empty forms which were once full of +his rejoicing presence continue to rule our manners. We shall draw +our chairs together as we and our forefathers have been wont for +thousands of years back, and sit around some blank and empty corner +of the room, babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics suitable to +the homely fireside. A warmth from the past--from the ashes of +bygone years and the raked-up embers of long ago--will sometimes +thaw the ice about our hearts; but it must be otherwise with our +successors. On the most favorable supposition, they will be +acquainted with the fireside in no better shape than that of the +sullen stove; and more probably they will have grown up amid furnace +heat in houses which might be fancied to have their foundation over +the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams and unbreathable +exhalations ascend through the apertures of the floor. There will +be nothing to attract these poor children to one centre. They will +never behold one another through that peculiar medium of vision the +ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous coal---which gives the +human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows and melts all +humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it may +still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never +gather itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet +unambitious Jest; the life-like, practical discussion of real +matters in a casual way; the soul of truth which is so often +incarnated in a simple fireside word,--will disappear from earth. +Conversation will contract the air of debate, and all mortal +intercourse be chilled with a fatal frost. + +In classic times, the exhortation to fight "pro axis et focis," for +the altars and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that +could be made to patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; +for all subsequent ages and people have acknowledged its force and +responded to it with the full portion of manhood that nature had +assigned to each. Wisely were the altar and the hearth conjoined in +one mighty sentence; for the hearth, too, had its kindred sanctity. +Religion sat down beside it, not in the priestly robes which +decorated and perhaps disguised her at the altar, but arrayed in a +simple matron's garb, and uttering her lessons with the tenderness +of a mother's voice and heart. The holy hearth! If any earthly and +material thing, or rather a divine idea embodied in brick and +mortar, might be supposed to possess the permanence of moral truth, +it was this. All revered it. The man who did not put off his shoes +upon this holy ground would have deemed it pastime to trample upon +the altar. It has been our task to uproot the hearth. What further +reform is left for our children to achieve, unless they overthrow +the altar too? And by what appeal hereafter, when the breath of +hostile armies may mingle with the pure, cold breezes of our +country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? Fight for your +hearths? There will be none throughout the land. + +FIGHT FOR YOUR STOVES! Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I +strike a blow, it shall be on the invader's part; and Heaven grant +that it may shatter the abomination all to pieces! + + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Fire Worship (From "Mosses From An Old +Manse"), by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + +***** This file should be named 9223.txt or 9223.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/9/2/2/9223/ + +Produced by David Widger. HTML version by Al Haines. + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Be sure to check the +copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing +this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook. + +This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project +Gutenberg file. Please do not remove it. Do not change or edit the +header without written permission. + +Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the +eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file. Included is +important information about your specific rights and restrictions in +how the file may be used. You can also find out about how to make a +donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved. + + +**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts** + +**EBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971** + +*****These EBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers***** + + + +Title: Fire Worship (From "Mosses From An Old Manse") + +Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne + +Release Date: Nov, 2005 [EBook #9223] +[This file was first posted on September 6, 2003] +[Last updated on February 6, 2007] + +Edition: 10 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + + + + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, FIRE WORSHIP *** + + + + +This eBook was produced by David Widger + + + + + + MOSSES FROM AN OLD MANSE + + By Nathaniel Hawthorne + + FIRE WORSHIP + + + +It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so +in the life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of +the open fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a +morning as now lowers around our old gray parsonage, I miss the +bright face of my ancient friend, who was wont to dance upon the +hearth and play the part of more familiar sunshine. It is sad to +turn from the cloudy sky and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, +with its crown of rusty, black pines, the foliage of which is so +dismal in the absence of the sun; that bleak pasture-land, and the +broken surface of the potato-field, with the brown clods partly +concealed by the snowfall of last night; the swollen and sluggish +river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging its bluish-gray stream +along the verge of our orchard like a snake half torpid with the +cold,--it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so little comfort +and find the same sullen influences brooding within the precincts of +my study. Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and subtle +spirit, whom Prometheus lured from heaven to civilize mankind and +cheer them in their wintry desolation; that comfortable inmate, +whose smile, during eight months of the year, was our sufficient +consolation for summer's lingering advance and early flight? Alas! +blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and +mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to +smoulder away his life on a daily pittance which once would have +been too scanty for his breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make +our fire in an air-tight stove, and supply it with some half a dozen +sticks of wood between dawn and nightfall. + +I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said +that the world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and +there and all around us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting +the picturesque, the poetic, and the beautiful out of human life. +The domestic fire was a type of all these attributes, and seemed to +bring might and majesty, and wild nature and a spiritual essence, +into our in most home, and yet to dwell with us in such friendliness +that its mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild +companion that smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes +roaring out of AEtna and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend +breaking loose from torment and fighting for a place among the upper +angels. He it is, too, that leaps from cloud to cloud amid the +crashing thunder-storm. It was he whom the Gheber worshipped with no +unnatural idolatry; and it was he who devoured London and Moscow and +many another famous city, and who loves to riot through our own dark +forests and sweep across our prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it +is said, the universe shall one day be given as a final feast. +Meanwhile he is the great artisan and laborer by whose aid men are +enabled to build a world within a world, or, at least, to smooth +down the rough creation which Nature flung to it. He forges the +mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives the steamboat +and drags the rail-car; and it was he--this creature of +terrible might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive +destructiveness--that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our +wintry days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage. + +How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet +bearing himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of +all life-long and age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he +were the great conservative of nature. While a man was true to the +fireside, so long would he be true to country and law, to the God +whom his fathers worshipped, to the wife of his youth, and to all +things else which instinct or religion has taught us to consider +sacred. With how sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform +all needful offices for the household in which he was domesticated! +He was equal to the concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to +roast a potato or toast a bit of cheese. How humanely did he +cherish the school-boy's icy fingers, and thaw the old man's joints +with a genial warmth which almost equalled the glow of youth! And +how carefully did he dry the cowhide boots that had trudged through +mud and snow, and the shaggy outside garment stiff with frozen +sleet! taking heed, likewise, to the comfort of the faithful dog who +had followed his master through the storm. When did he refuse a +coal to light a pipe, or even a part of his own substance to kindle +a neighbor's fire? And then, at twilight, when laborer, or scholar, +or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a chair beside him +and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how profound, how +comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and all! He +pictured forth their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed the +scenes of the adventurous life before them; to the aged the shadows +of departed love and hope; and, if all earthly things had grown +distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser with golden +glimpses of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with +the human soul, how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, +the painter of magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil! + +Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and +helpfulness that the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, +would run riot through the peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his +terrible embrace, and leave nothing of them save their whitened +bones. This possibility of mad destruction only made his domestic +kindness the more beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, +being endowed with such power, to dwell day after day, and one long +lonesome night after another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then +betraying his wild nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the +chimney-top! True, he had done much mischief in the world, and was +pretty certain to do more; but his warm heart atoned for all. He +was kindly to the race of man; and they pardoned his characteristic +imperfections. + +The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well +acquainted with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance +of wood, according to the terms of his settlement, was no less than +sixty cords. Almost an annual forest was converted from sound +oak logs into ashes, in the kitchen, the parlor, and this little +study, where now an unworthy successor, not in the pastoral office, +but merely in his earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an air-tight +stove. I love to fancy one of those fireside days while the good +man, a contemporary of the Revolution, was in his early prime, some +five-and-sixty years ago. Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze +hovered upon the gray skirts of night and dissolved the frostwork +that had gathered like a curtain over the small window-panes. There +is something peculiar in the aspect of the morning fireside; a +fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that mellowness which can be +produced only by half-consumed logs, and shapeless brands with the +white ashes on them, and mighty coals, the remnant of tree-trunks +that the hungry, elements have gnawed for hours. The morning +hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen andirons well +brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. +Surely it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a +substantial breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and +opened the Whole Body of Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or +whichever of his old folios or quartos might fall within the range +of his weekly sermons. It must have been his own fault if the +warmth and glow of this abundant hearth did not permeate the +discourse and keep his audience comfortable in spite of the +bitterest northern blast that ever wrestled with the church-steeple. +He reads while the heat warps the stiff covers of the volume; he +writes without numbness either in his heart or fingers; and, with +unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the fire. + +A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence--how should +he be otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?--does the +minister bid him welcome, and set a chair for him in so close +proximity to the hearth, that soon the guest finds it needful to rub +his scorched shins with his great red hands! The melted snow drips +from his steaming boots and bubbles upon the hearth. His puckered +forehead unravels its entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose +much of the enjoyment of fireside heat without such an opportunity +of marking its genial effect upon those who have been looking the +inclement weather in the face. In the course of the day our +clergyman himself strides forth, perchance to pay a round of +pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of a wood-pile +and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the fire. +He returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the +short afternoon the western sunshine comes into the study and +strives to stare the ruddy blaze out of countenance but with only a +brief triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter glories of its +rival. Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the +deepening light that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human +figure, the table, and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite +wall, and at length, as twilight comes on, replenishes the room with +living radiance and makes life all rose-color. Afar the wayfarer +discerns the flickering flame as it dances upon the windows, and +hails it as a beacon-light of humanity, reminding him, in his cold +and lonely path, that the world is not all snow, and solitude, and +desolation. At eventide, probably, the study was peopled with the +clergyman's wife and family, and children tumbled themselves upon +the hearth-rug, and grave puss sat with her back to the fire, or +gazed, with a semblance of human meditation, into its fervid depths. +Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day were raked over the +mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, and an +incense of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney. + +Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for +almost ninety winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,--when +it had gleamed upon him from infancy to extreme age, and never +without brightening his spirits as well as his visage, and perhaps +keeping him alive so long,--he had the heart to brick up his +chimney-place and bid farewell to the face of his old friend +forever, why did he not take an eternal leave of the sunshine too? +His sixty cords of wood had probably dwindled to a far less ample +supply in modern times; and it is certain that the parsonage had +grown crazy with time and tempest and pervious to the cold; but +still it was one of the saddest tokens of the decline and fall of +open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have deigned to warm +himself at an air-tight stove. + +And I, likewise,--who have found a home in this ancient owl's-nest +since its former occupant took his heavenward flight,--I, to my +shame, have put up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander +where you will about the house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, +heaven-aspiring fiend of Etna,--him that sports in the thunder- +storm, the idol of the Ghebers, the devourer of cities, the forest- +rioter and prairie-sweeper, the future destroyer of our earth, the +old chimney-corner companion who mingled himself so sociably with +household joys and sorrows,--not a glimpse of this mighty and kindly +one will greet your eyes. He is now an invisible presence. There +is his iron cage. Touch it, and he scorches your fingers. He +delights to singe a garment or perpetrate any other little unworthy +mischief; for his temper is ruined by the ingratitude of mankind, +for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling, and to whom he taught +all their arts, even that of making his own prison-house. In his +fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome gas through the +crevices of the door, and shakes the iron walls of his dungeon so as +to overthrow the ornamental urn upon its summit. We tremble lest he +should break forth amongst us. Much of his time is spent in sighs, +burdened with unutterable grief, and long drawn through the funnel. +He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the whispers, the moans, +and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the wind; so that +the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally +there are strange combinations of sounds,--voices talking almost +articulately within the hollow chest of iron,--insomuch that fancy +beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that +infernal forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints +to Dante. When the listener is half asleep he may readily take +these voices for the conversation of spirits and assign them an +intelligible meaning. Anon there is a pattering noise,--drip, +drip, drip,--as if a summer shower were falling within the narrow +circumference of the stove. + +These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight +stove can bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences +which we have lost by our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is +this world so very bright that we can afford to choke up such a +domestic fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down by its darkened +source without being conscious of a gloom? + +It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it +has been, now that we have subtracted from it so important and +vivifying an element as firelight. The effects will be more +perceptible on our children and the generations that shall succeed +them than on ourselves, the mechanism of whose life may remain +unchanged, though its spirit be far other than it was. The sacred +trust of the household fire has been transmitted in unbroken +succession from the earliest ages, and faithfully cherished in spite +of every discouragement such as the curfew law of the Norman +conquerors, until in these evil days physical science has nearly +succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at least have our youthful +recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and our life-long +habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual bond +in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be +forever departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present +with us; and still more will the empty forms which were once full of +his rejoicing presence continue to rule our manners. We shall draw +our chairs together as we and our forefathers have been wont for +thousands of years back, and sit around some blank and empty corner +of the room, babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics suitable to +the homely fireside. A warmth from the past--from the ashes of +bygone years and the raked-up embers of long ago--will sometimes +thaw the ice about our hearts; but it must be otherwise with our +successors. On the most favorable supposition, they will be +acquainted with the fireside in no better shape than that of the +sullen stove; and more probably they will have grown up amid furnace +heat in houses which might be fancied to have their foundation over +the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams and unbreathable +exhalations ascend through the apertures of the floor. There will +be nothing to attract these poor children to one centre. They will +never behold one another through that peculiar medium of vision the +ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous coal---which gives the +human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows and melts all +humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it may +still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never +gather itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet +unambitious Jest; the life-like, practical discussion of real +matters in a casual way; the soul of truth which is so often +incarnated in a simple fireside word,--will disappear from earth. +Conversation will contract the air of debate, and all mortal +intercourse be chilled with a fatal frost. + +In classic times, the exhortation to fight "pro axis et focis," for +the altars and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that +could be made to patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; +for all subsequent ages and people have acknowledged its force and +responded to it with the full portion of manhood that nature had +assigned to each. Wisely were the altar and the hearth conjoined in +one mighty sentence; for the hearth, too, had its kindred sanctity. +Religion sat down beside it, not in the priestly robes which +decorated and perhaps disguised her at the altar, but arrayed in a +simple matron's garb, and uttering her lessons with the tenderness +of a mother's voice and heart. The holy hearth! If any earthly and +material thing, or rather a divine idea embodied in brick and +mortar, might be supposed to possess the permanence of moral truth, +it was this. All revered it. The man who did not put off his shoes +upon this holy ground would have deemed it pastime to trample upon +the altar. It has been our task to uproot the hearth. What further +reform is left for our children to achieve, unless they overthrow +the altar too? And by what appeal hereafter, when the breath of +hostile armies may mingle with the pure, cold breezes of our +country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? Fight for your +hearths? There will be none throughout the land. + +FIGHT FOR YOUR STOVES! Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I +strike a blow, it shall be on the invader's part; and Heaven grant +that it may shatter the abomination all to pieces! + + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK, FIRE WORSHIP *** +By Nathaniel Hawthorne + +* This file should be named haw5010.txt or haw5010.zip * + +Corrected EDITIONS of our etexts get a new NUMBER, haw5011.txt +VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, haw5010a.txt + +This eBook was produced by David Widger [widger@cecomet.net] + +Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US +unless a copyright notice is included. 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