8 files changed, 83861 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/old/8bwlf10.txt b/old/8bwlf10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..343bbaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/8bwlf10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20486 @@
+Project Gutenberg's Beowulf, by James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the
+copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing
+this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook.
+
+This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project
+Gutenberg file.  Please do not remove it.  Do not change or edit the
+header without written permission.
+
+Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the
+eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file.  Included is
+important information about your specific rights and restrictions in
+how the file may be used.  You can also find out about how to make a
+donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved.
+
+
+**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
+
+**eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
+
+*****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!*****
+
+
+Title: Beowulf
+
+Author: James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+Release Date: January, 2006 [EBook #9700]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on October 12, 2003]
+
+Edition: 10
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+
+** Preface to the Project Gutenberg Edition of Beowulf **
+
+This text is a corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and
+Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version,
+available in 8-bit (Latin-1) text and HTML, presents the original text as
+printed. This file contains the original version. It preserves the
+source-text's idiosyncratic use of accented vowels with the exception of
+y-circumflex, which is replaced by y-acute (ý) to fit within the Latin-1
+character set. Manifestly unintentional errors in the text have been
+corrected. In general, this has only been done when the text is internally
+inconsistent (e.g., a quotation in the glossary does not match the main
+text). Forms that represent deliberate editorial choice have not been
+altered, even where they appear wrong. (For example, some of the markings
+of vowel length do not reflect current scholarly consensus.) Where an
+uncorrected problem may confuse the reader, I have inserted a note
+explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made
+is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful
+to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition, available in
+Unicode (UTF-8) and HTML. Notes from the source text that indicate changes
+adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and
+apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the
+common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some
+words has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct.
+Quantities have not been changed when the difference is a matter of
+editorial interpretation (e.g., gäst vs. gæst in l. 102, etc.) A list of
+these altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections.
+Your browser must support the Unicode character set to use the revised
+version.
+
+Explanation of the Vowel Accenting
+
+In general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark
+long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character 'æ' represents the long
+vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut (ä). The long diphthongs (eo,
+ea, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the _second_ vowel (eó,
+eá, etc.).
+
+** End of PG Preface **
+
+
+I. BEÓWULF:
+
+_AN ANGLO-SAXON POEM_.
+
+II. THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURH:
+
+_A FRAGMENT_.
+
+WITH TEXT AND GLOSSARY ON THE BASIS OF M. HEYNE.
+
+EDITED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, BY
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON, LL.D., LITT. D.,
+
+PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND MODERN LANGUAGES, WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+
+AND
+
+ROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.),
+
+PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA.
+
+FOURTH EDITION. REVISED, WITH NOTES.
+
+GINN & COMPANY
+
+BOSTON--NEW YORK--CHICAGO--LONDON
+
+Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by
+
+JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP
+
+in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
+
+
+
+DEDICATED
+
+TO
+
+PROFESSOR F. A. MARCH, OF LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PA.,
+
+AND
+
+FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. FOUNDER OF THE "NEW SHAKSPERE SOCIETY," THE
+"CHAUCER SOCIETY," ETC., ETC.
+
+
+
+PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
+
+The favor with which the successive editions of "Beówulf" have been
+received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to continue
+the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable feature of
+which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for the first time
+added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new textual readings,
+with here and there grammatical, geographical, and archæological points
+that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms and parallel passages are
+constantly compared, with the view of making the poem illustrate and
+explain itself. A few emendations and textual changes are suggested by the
+editors with all possible diffidence; numerous corrections have been made
+in the Glossary and List of Names; and the valuable parts of former
+Appendices have been embodied in the Notes.
+
+For the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German
+periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of Professors
+Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the Heyne-Socin edition
+of "Beówulf." No change has been made in the system of accentuation, though
+a few errors in quantity have been corrected. The editors are looking
+forward to an eventual fifth edition, in which an entirely new text will be
+presented.
+
+October, 1893.
+
+
+
+NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
+
+This third edition of the American issue of Beówulf will, the editors hope,
+be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding editions.
+Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and some
+additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two brief
+appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical system of
+Beówulf will find ample material for their studies in Sievers' exhaustive
+essay on that subject (Beiträge, X. 209-314).
+
+Socin's edition of Heyne's Beówulf (called the fifth edition) has been
+utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came too
+late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and
+inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is valuable
+to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary. Students of the
+poem, which has been subjected to much searching criticism during the last
+decade, will also derive especial help from the contributions of Sievers
+and Kluge on difficult questions appertaining to it. Wülker's new edition
+(in the Grein _Bibliothek_) is of the highest value, however one may
+dissent from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.'
+Paul and Braune's Beiträge contain a varied miscellany of hints,
+corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge,
+Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are found
+in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition. Holder and
+Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann Möller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel (Anzeiger f.d.
+Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.), Brenner (Eng. Studien,
+IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have assisted materially in the
+textual and metrical interpretation of the poem.
+
+The subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able
+essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.), Kluge
+(Beiträge, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this field that
+the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels found in the text
+of their original edition, while indicating in the appendices the now
+accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the personal pronouns (mê,
+wê, þû, þê, gê, hê); the adverb nû, etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish
+absolutely all attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms.
+has them marked.
+
+An approximately complete Bibliography of Beówulf literature will be found
+in Wülker's _Grundriss_ and in Garnett's translation of the poem.
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+
+ROBERT SHARP.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., May, 1888.
+
+
+NOTE TO THE SECOND REVISED EDITION.
+
+The editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their edition
+of Beówulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings, they have
+determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book, and thus
+endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty errors had,
+notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the text,--errors in
+single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have been corrected, and it
+is hoped that the text has been rendered generally accurate and
+trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two corrections have been made,
+and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in gender, classification, and
+translation, apparently unavoidable in a first edition, have been
+rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern _single_ letters, or occupy very
+small space, they have been corrected in the plates; where they are longer,
+and the expense of correcting them in the plates would have been very
+great, the editors have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of
+Corrections and Additions, which will be found at the back of the book.
+Students are accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer
+corrections and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has
+been much enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late
+criticisms and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder,
+Wülker, and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested
+readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt
+passages.
+
+The objectionable ä and æ, for the short and the long diphthong, have been
+retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of removing
+them without entirely recasting the plates.
+
+In conclusion, the editors would acknowledge their great indebtedness to
+the friends and critics whose remarks and criticisms have materially aided
+in the correction of the text,--particularly to Profs. C.P.G. Scott,
+Baskervill, Price, and J.M. Hart; to Prof. J.W. Bright; and to the
+authorities of Cornell University, for the loan of periodicals necessary to
+the completeness of the revision. While the second revised edition still
+contains much that might be improved, the editors cannot but hope that it
+is an advance on its predecessor, and that it will continue its work of
+extending the study of Old English throughout the land.
+
+JUNE, 1885.
+
+
+NOTE I.
+
+The present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition, (Paderborn,
+1879), is designed primarily for college classes in Anglo-Saxon, rather
+than for independent investigators or for seekers after a restored or ideal
+text. The need of an American edition of "Beówulf" has long been felt, as,
+hitherto, students have had either to send to Germany for a text, or
+secure, with great trouble, one of the scarce and expensive English
+editions. Heyne's first edition came out in 1863, and was followed in 1867
+and 1873 by a second and a third edition, all three having essentially the
+same text.
+
+So many important contributions to the "Beówulf" literature were, however,
+made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to put forth a new
+edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text was subjected to a
+careful revision, and was fortified by the views, contributions, and
+criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the collation of the unique
+"Beówulf" Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss. of the British Museum), as
+made by E. Kölbing in Herrig's _Archiv_ (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed
+wherever the present condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the
+researches of Bugge, Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use
+of. The discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in
+the second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the many
+controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present editor
+has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the subject of Old
+English _Metrik_ is undergoing a steady illumination through the labors of
+Schipper and others.
+
+Some errors and misplaced accents in Heyne's text have been corrected in
+the present edition, in which, as in the general revision of the text, the
+editor has been most kindly aided by Prof. J.M. Garnett, late Principal of
+St. John's College, Maryland.
+
+In the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought best
+to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally with
+conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for another, and
+discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until Wülker's text and the
+photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the hands of all
+scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters in the school
+room, where they would puzzle without instructing.
+
+For convenience of reference, the editor has added a head-line to each
+"fit" of the poem, with a view to facilitate a knowledge of its episodes.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., June, 1882.
+
+
+NOTE II.
+
+The editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a complete
+text and a tolerably complete glossary of "Beówulf." The edition is the
+first published in America, and the first of its special kind presented to
+the English public, and it is the initial volume of a "Library of
+Anglo-Saxon Poetry," to be edited under the same auspices and with the
+coöperation of distinguished scholars in this country. Among these scholars
+may be mentioned Professors F.A. March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of
+Columbia College, and W.M. Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.
+
+In the preparation of the Glossary the editors found it necessary to
+abandon a literal and exact translation of Heyne for several reasons, and
+among others from the fact that Heyne seems to be wrong in the translation
+of some of his illustrative quotations, and even translates the same
+passage in two or three different ways under different headings. The
+orthography of his glossary differs considerably from the orthography of
+his text. He fails to discriminate with due nicety the meanings of many of
+the words in his vocabulary, while criticism more recent than his latest
+edition (1879) has illustrated or overthrown several of his renderings. The
+references were found to be incorrect in innumerable instances, and had to
+be verified in every individual case so far as this was possible, a few
+only, which resisted all efforts at verification, having to be indicated by
+an interrogation point (?). The references are exceedingly numerous, and
+the labor of verifying them was naturally great. To many passages in the
+Glossary, where Heyne's translation could not be trusted with entire
+certainty, the editors have added other translations of phrases and
+sentences or of special words; and in this they have been aided by a
+careful study of the text and a comparison and utilization of the views of
+Kemble and Professor J.M. Garnett (who takes Grein for his foundation).
+Many new references have been added; and the various passages in which
+Heyne fails to indicate whether a given verb is weak or strong, or fails to
+point out the number, etc., of the illustrative form, have been corrected
+and made to harmonize with the general plan of the work. Numerous misprints
+in the glossary have also been corrected, and a brief glossary to the
+Finnsburh-fragment, prepared by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne, and supplemented and
+adapted by the editor-in-chief, has been added.
+
+The editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for themselves
+something more than the claim of being re-translators of a translation: the
+present edition is, so far as they were able to make it so, an adaptation,
+correction, and extension of the work of the great German scholar to whose
+loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon epic all students of Old English owe
+a debt of gratitude. While following his usually sure and cautious
+guidance, and in the main appropriating his results, they have thought it
+best to deviate from him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed
+that he was wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of
+interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a point
+of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by the German
+editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many
+places,--"Beówulf" is a most difficult poem,--but their view may at least
+be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have faithfully
+and constantly consulted.
+
+A good many cognate Modern English words have been introduced here and
+there in the Glossary with a view to illustration, and other addenda will
+be found between brackets and parenthetical marks.
+
+It is hoped that the present edition of the most famous of Old English
+poems will do something to promote a valuable and interesting study.
+
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+_Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va._
+
+ROBERT SHARP,
+_University of Louisiana, New Orleans_.
+
+April, 1883.
+
+
+The responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for the
+Text, and for the Glossary from hrînan on; S. for the List of Names, and
+for the Glossary as far as hrînan.
+
+ARGUMENT.
+
+The only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire is
+Beówulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:--The poem opens with a few
+verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of Sceaf.
+His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down to Hroðgar.
+Hroðgar, elated with his prosperity and success in war, builds a
+magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hroðgar and his
+retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend, called
+Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night thirty of
+Hroðgar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat. These ravages go
+on for twelve years. Beówulf, a thane of Hygelac, King of the Goths,
+hearing of Hroðgar's calamities, sails from Sweden with fourteen
+warriors--to help him. They reach the Danish coast in safety; and, after an
+animated parley with Hroðgar's coastguard, who at first takes them for
+pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the royal hall, where they are well
+received by Hroðgar. A banquet ensues, during which Beówulf is taunted by
+the envious Hunferhð about his swimming-match with Breca, King of the
+Brondings. Beówulf gives the true account of the contest, and silences
+Hunferhð. At night-fall the King departs, leaving Beówulf in charge of the
+hall. Grendel soon breaks in, seizes and devours one of Beówulf's
+companions; is attacked by Beówulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn
+off by Beówulf, escapes to the fens. The joy of Hroðgar and the Danes, and
+their festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and
+Beówulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night Grendel's
+mother revenges her son by carrying off Æschere, the friend and councillor
+of Hroðgar, during the absence of Beówulf. Hroðgar appeals to Beówulf for
+vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel and his mother. They all
+proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and the monsters that dwell in
+it, are described. Beówulf plunges into the water, and attacks Grendel's
+mother in her dwelling at the bottom of the lake. He at length overcomes
+her, and cuts off her head, together with that of Grendel, and brings the
+heads to Hroðgar. He then takes leave of Hroðgar, sails back to Sweden, and
+relates his adventures to Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends.
+The second begins with the accession of Beówulf to the throne, after the
+fall of Hygelac and his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty
+years, till a dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the
+country, and destroys Beówulf's palace with fire. Beówulf sets out in quest
+of its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his
+approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and exploits.
+He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and advances alone to
+attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter the cavern, he shouts
+aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's scaly hide is proof against
+Beówulf's sword, and he is reduced to great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of
+his followers, advances to help him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the
+dragon's fiery breath, and he is compelled to seek shelter under Beówulf's
+shield of iron. Beówulf's sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the
+dragon. Wiglaf stabs the dragon from underneath, and Beówulf cuts it in two
+with his dagger. Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the
+treasures from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf
+enters the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Beówulf, and
+receives his last commands. Beówulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches
+his companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of
+Beówulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his funeral.--H.
+Sweet, in Warton's _History of English Poetry_, Vol. II. (ed. 1871). Cf.
+also Ten Brink's _History of English Literature_.
+
+
+
+
+BEÓWULF.
+
+
+I. THE PASSING OF SCYLD.
+
+     Hwät! we Gâr-Dena      in geâr-dagum
+     þeód-cyninga      þrym gefrunon,
+     hû þâ äðelingas      ellen fremedon.
+     Oft Scyld Scêfing      sceaðena þreátum,
+5    monegum mægðum      meodo-setla ofteáh.
+     Egsode eorl,      syððan ærest wearð
+     feá-sceaft funden:      he þäs frôfre gebâd,
+     weôx under wolcnum,      weorð-myndum ðâh,
+     ôð þät him æghwylc      þâra ymb-sittendra
+10   ofer hron-râde      hýran scolde,
+     gomban gyldan:      þät wäs gôd cyning!
+     þäm eafera wäs      äfter cenned
+     geong in geardum,      þone god sende
+     folce tô frôfre;      fyren-þearfe ongeat,
+15   þät hie ær drugon      aldor-leáse
+     lange hwîle.      Him þäs lîf-freá,
+     wuldres wealdend,      worold-âre forgeaf;
+     Beówulf wäs breme      (blæd wîde sprang),
+     Scyldes eafera      Scede-landum in.
+20   Swâ sceal geong guma,      gôde gewyrcean,
+     fromum feoh-giftum      on fäder wine,
+     þät hine on ylde      eft gewunigen
+     wil-gesîðas,      þonne wîg cume,
+     leóde gelæsten:      lof-dædum sceal
+25   in mægða gehwære      man geþeón.
+     Him þâ Scyld gewât      tô gescäp-hwîle
+     fela-hrôr fêran      on freán wære;
+     hi hyne þâ ätbæron      tô brimes faroðe.
+     swæse gesîðas,      swâ he selfa bäd,
+30   þenden wordum weóld      wine Scyldinga,
+     leóf land-fruma      lange âhte.
+     Þær ät hýðe stôd      hringed-stefna,
+     îsig and ûtfûs,      äðelinges fär;
+     â-lêdon þâ      leófne þeóden,
+35   beága bryttan      on bearm scipes,
+     mærne be mäste.      Þær wäs mâdma fela,
+     of feor-wegum      frätwa gelæded:
+     ne hýrde ic cymlîcor      ceól gegyrwan
+     hilde-wæpnum      and heaðo-wædum,
+40   billum and byrnum;      him on bearme läg
+     mâdma mänigo,      þâ him mid scoldon
+     on flôdes æht      feor gewîtan.
+     Nalas hi hine lässan      lâcum teódan,
+     þeód-gestreónum,      þonne þâ dydon,
+45   þe hine ät frumsceafte      forð onsendon
+     ænne ofer ýðe      umbor wesende:
+     þâ gyt hie him âsetton      segen gyldenne
+     heáh ofer heáfod,      lêton holm beran,
+     geâfon on gâr-secg:      him wäs geômor sefa,
+50   murnende môd.      Men ne cunnon
+     secgan tô soðe      sele-rædende,
+     häleð under heofenum,      hwâ þäm hläste onfêng.
+
+
+II. THE HALL HEOROT.
+
+     Þâ wäs on burgum      Beówulf Scyldinga,
+     leóf leód-cyning,      longe þrage
+55   folcum gefræge      (fäder ellor hwearf,
+     aldor of earde),      ôð þät him eft onwôc
+     heáh Healfdene;      heóld þenden lifde,
+     gamol and gûð-reów,      gläde Scyldingas.
+     Þäm feówer bearn      forð-gerîmed
+60   in worold wôcun,      weoroda ræswan,
+     Heorogâr and Hrôðgâr      and Hâlga til;
+     hýrde ic, þat Elan cwên      Ongenþeówes wäs
+     Heaðoscilfinges      heals-gebedde.
+     Þâ wäs Hrôðgâre      here-spêd gyfen,
+65   wîges weorð-mynd,      þät him his wine-mâgas
+     georne hýrdon,      ôð þät seó geogoð geweôx,
+     mago-driht micel.      Him on môd bearn,
+     þät heal-reced      hâtan wolde,
+     medo-ärn micel      men gewyrcean,
+70   þone yldo bearn      æfre gefrunon,
+     and þær on innan      eall gedælan
+     geongum and ealdum,      swylc him god sealde,
+     bûton folc-scare      and feorum gumena.
+     Þâ ic wîde gefrägn      weorc gebannan
+75   manigre mægðe      geond þisne middan-geard,
+     folc-stede frätwan.      Him on fyrste gelomp
+     ädre mid yldum,      þät hit wearð eal gearo,
+     heal-ärna mæst;      scôp him Heort naman,
+     se þe his wordes geweald      wîde häfde.
+80   He beót ne âlêh,      beágas dælde,
+     sinc ät symle.      Sele hlifade
+     heáh and horn-geáp:      heaðo-wylma bâd,
+     lâðan lîges;      ne wäs hit lenge þâ gen
+     þät se ecg-hete      âðum-swerian
+85   äfter wäl-nîðe      wäcnan scolde.
+     Þâ se ellen-gæst      earfoðlîce
+     þrage geþolode,      se þe in þýstrum bâd,
+     þät he dôgora gehwâm      dreám gehýrde
+     hlûdne in healle;      þær wäs hearpan swêg,
+90   swutol sang scôpes.      Sägde se þe cûðe
+     frum-sceaft fira      feorran reccan,
+     cwäð þät se älmihtiga      eorðan worhte,
+     wlite-beorhtne wang,      swâ wäter bebûgeð,
+     gesette sige-hrêðig      sunnan and mônan
+95   leóman tô leóhte      land-bûendum,
+     and gefrätwade      foldan sceátas
+     leomum and leáfum;      lîf eác gesceôp
+     cynna gehwylcum,      þâra þe cwice hwyrfað.
+     Swâ þâ driht-guman      dreámum lifdon
+100  eádiglîce,      ôð þät ân ongan
+     fyrene fremman,      feónd on helle:
+     wäs se grimma gäst      Grendel hâten,
+     mære mearc-stapa,      se þe môras heóld,
+     fen and fästen;      fîfel-cynnes eard
+105  won-sælig wer      weardode hwîle,
+     siððan him scyppend      forscrifen häfde.
+     In Caines cynne      þone cwealm gewräc,
+     êce drihten,      þäs þe he Abel slôg;
+     ne gefeah he þære fæhðe,      ac he hine feor forwräc,
+110  metod for þý mâne      man-cynne fram.
+     Þanon untydras      ealle onwôcon,
+     eotenas and ylfe      and orcnêas,
+     swylce gigantas,      þâ wið gode wunnon
+     lange þrage;      he him þäs leán forgeald.
+
+
+III. GRENDEL'S VISITS.
+
+115  Gewât þâ neósian,      syððan niht becom,
+     heán hûses,      hû hit Hring-Dene
+     äfter beór-þege      gebûn häfdon.
+     Fand þâ þær inne      äðelinga gedriht
+     swefan äfter symble;      sorge ne cûðon,
+120  won-sceaft wera.      Wiht unhælo
+     grim and grædig      gearo sôna wäs,
+     reóc and rêðe,      and on räste genam
+     þritig þegna:      þanon eft gewât
+     hûðe hrêmig      tô hâm faran,
+125  mid þære wäl-fylle      wîca neósan.
+     Þâ wäs on uhtan      mid ær-däge
+     Grendles gûð-cräft      gumum undyrne:
+     þâ wäs äfter wiste      wôp up âhafen,
+     micel morgen-swêg.      Mære þeóden,
+130  äðeling ær-gôd,      unblîðe sät,
+     þolode þrýð-swýð,      þegn-sorge dreáh,
+     syððan hie þäs lâðan      lâst sceáwedon,
+     wergan gâstes;      wäs þät gewin tô strang,
+     lâð and longsum.      Näs hit lengra fyrst,
+135  ac ymb âne niht      eft gefremede
+     morð-beala mâre      and nô mearn fore
+     fæhðe and fyrene;      wäs tô fäst on þâm.
+     Þâ wäs eáð-fynde,      þe him elles hwær
+     gerûmlîcor      räste sôhte,
+140  bed äfter bûrum,      þâ him gebeácnod wäs,
+     gesägd sôðlîce      sweotolan tâcne
+     heal-þegnes hete;      heóld hine syððan
+     fyr and fästor,      se þäm feónde ätwand.
+     Swâ rîxode      and wið rihte wan
+145  âna wið eallum,      ôð þät îdel stôd
+     hûsa sêlest.      Wäs seó hwîl micel:
+     twelf wintra tîd      torn geþolode
+     wine Scyldinga,      weána gehwelcne,
+     sîdra sorga;      forþam syððan wearð
+150  ylda bearnum      undyrne cûð,
+     gyddum geômore,      þätte Grendel wan,
+     hwîle wið Hrôðgâr;--      hete-nîðas wäg,
+     fyrene and fæhðe      fela missera,
+     singale säce,      sibbe ne wolde
+155  wið manna hwone      mägenes Deniga
+     feorh-bealo feorran,      feó þingian,
+     ne þær nænig witena      wênan þorfte
+     beorhtre bôte      tô banan folmum;
+     atol äglæca      êhtende wäs,
+160  deorc deáð-scûa      duguðe and geogoðe
+     seomade and syrede.      Sin-nihte heóld
+     mistige môras;      men ne cunnon,
+     hwyder hel-rûnan      hwyrftum scrîðað.
+     Swâ fela fyrena      feónd man-cynnes,
+165  atol ân-gengea,      oft gefremede
+     heardra hýnða;      Heorot eardode,
+     sinc-fâge sel      sweartum nihtum
+     (nô he þone gif-stôl      grêtan môste,
+     mâððum for metode,      ne his myne wisse);
+170  þät wäs wræc micel      wine Scyldinga,
+     môdes brecða.      Monig-oft gesät
+     rîce tô rûne;      ræd eahtedon,
+     hwät swîð-ferhðum      sêlest wære
+     wið fær-gryrum      tô gefremmanne.
+175  Hwîlum hie gehêton      ät härg-trafum
+     wig-weorðunga,      wordum bædon,
+     þät him gâst-bona      geóce gefremede
+     wið þeód-þreáum.      Swylc wäs þeáw hyra,
+     hæðenra hyht;      helle gemundon
+180  in môd-sefan,      metod hie ne cûðon,
+     dæda dêmend,      ne wiston hie drihten god,
+     ne hie hûru heofena helm      hêrian ne cûðon,
+     wuldres waldend.      Wâ bið þäm þe sceal
+     þurh slîðne nîð      sâwle bescûfan
+185  in fýres fäðm,      frôfre ne wênan,
+     wihte gewendan;      wel bið þäm þe môt
+     äfter deáð-däge      drihten sêcean
+     and tô fäder fäðmum      freoðo wilnian.
+
+
+IV. HYGELAC'S THANE.
+
+     Swâ þâ mæl-ceare      maga Healfdenes
+190  singala seáð;      ne mihte snotor häleð
+     weán onwendan:      wäs þät gewin tô swýð,
+     lâð and longsum,      þe on þâ leóde becom,
+     nýd-wracu nîð-grim,      niht-bealwa mæst.
+     Þät fram hâm gefrägn      Higelâces þegn,
+195  gôd mid Geátum,      Grendles dæda:
+     se wäs mon-cynnes      mägenes strengest
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes,
+     äðele and eácen.      Hêt him ýð-lidan
+     gôdne gegyrwan;      cwäð he gûð-cyning
+200  ofer swan-râde      sêcean wolde,
+     mærne þeóden,      þâ him wäs manna þearf.
+     Þone sîð-fät him      snotere ceorlas
+     lyt-hwôn lôgon,      þeáh he him leóf wære;
+     hwetton higerôfne,      hæl sceáwedon.
+205  Häfde se gôda      Geáta leóda
+     cempan gecorone,      þâra þe he cênoste
+     findan mihte;      fîftena sum
+     sund-wudu sôhte;      secg wîsade,
+     lagu-cräftig mon,      land-gemyrcu.
+210  Fyrst forð gewât:      flota wäs on ýðum,
+     bât under beorge.      Beornas gearwe
+     on stefn stigon;      streámas wundon
+     sund wið sande;      secgas bæron
+     on bearm nacan      beorhte frätwe,
+215  gûð-searo geatolîc;      guman ût scufon,
+     weras on wil-sîð      wudu bundenne.
+     Gewât þâ ofer wæg-holm      winde gefýsed
+     flota fâmig-heals      fugle gelîcost,
+     ôð þät ymb ân-tîd      ôðres dôgores
+220  wunden-stefna      gewaden häfde,
+     þät þâ lîðende      land gesâwon,
+     brim-clifu blîcan,      beorgas steápe,
+     sîde sæ-nässas:      þâ wäs sund liden,
+     eoletes ät ende.      Þanon up hraðe
+225  Wedera leóde      on wang stigon,
+     sæ-wudu sældon      (syrcan hrysedon,
+     gûð-gewædo);      gode þancedon,
+     þäs þe him ýð-lâde      eáðe wurdon.
+     Þâ of wealle geseah      weard Scildinga,
+230  se þe holm-clifu      healdan scolde,
+     beran ofer bolcan      beorhte randas,
+     fyrd-searu fûslîcu;      hine fyrwyt bräc
+     môd-gehygdum,      hwät þâ men wæron.
+     Gewât him þâ tô waroðe      wicge rîdan
+235  þegn Hrôðgâres,      þrymmum cwehte
+     mägen-wudu mundum,      meðel-wordum frägn:
+     "Hwät syndon ge      searo-häbbendra
+     "byrnum werede,      þe þus brontne ceól
+     "ofer lagu-stræte      lædan cwômon,
+240  "hider ofer holmas      helmas bæron?
+     "Ic wäs ende-sæta,      æg-wearde heóld,
+     "þät on land Dena      lâðra nænig
+     "mid scip-herge      sceððan ne meahte.
+     "Nô her cûðlîcor      cuman ongunnon
+245  "lind-häbbende;      ne ge leáfnes-word
+     "gûð-fremmendra      gearwe ne wisson,
+     "mâga gemêdu.      Næfre ic mâran geseah
+     "eorla ofer eorðan,      þonne is eówer sum,
+     "secg on searwum;      nis þät seld-guma
+250 "wæpnum geweorðad,      näfne him his wlite leóge,
+     "ænlîc an-sýn.      Nu ic eówer sceal
+     "frum-cyn witan,      ær ge fyr heonan
+     "leáse sceáweras      on land Dena
+     "furður fêran.      Nu ge feor-bûend,
+255  "mere-lîðende,      mînne gehýrað
+     "ân-fealdne geþôht:      ôfost is sêlest
+     "tô gecýðanne,      hwanan eówre cyme syndon."
+
+
+V. THE ERRAND.
+
+     Him se yldesta      andswarode,
+     werodes wîsa,      word-hord onleác:
+260  "We synt gum-cynnes      Geáta leóde
+     "and Higelâces      heorð-geneátas.
+     "Wäs mîn fäder      folcum gecýðed,
+     "äðele ord-fruma      Ecgþeów hâten;
+     "gebâd wintra worn,      ær he on weg hwurfe,
+265  "gamol of geardum;      hine gearwe geman
+     "witena wel-hwylc      wîde geond eorðan.--
+     "We þurh holdne hige      hlâford þinne,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      sêcean cwômon,
+     "leód-gebyrgean:      wes þu ûs lârena gôd!
+270  "Habbað we tô þäm mæran      micel ærende
+     "Deniga freán;      ne sceal þær dyrne sum
+     "wesan, þäs ic wêne.      Þu wâst, gif hit is,
+     "swâ we sôðlice      secgan hýrdon,
+     "þät mid Scyldingum      sceaða ic nât hwylc,
+275  "deógol dæd-hata,      deorcum nihtum
+     "eáweð þurh egsan      uncûðne nîð,
+     "hýnðu and hrâ-fyl.      Ic þäs Hrôðgâr mäg
+     "þurh rûmne sefan      ræd gelæran,
+     "hû he frôd and gôd      feónd oferswýðeð,
+280  "gyf him ed-wendan      æfre scolde
+     "bealuwa bisigu,      bôt eft cuman
+     "and þâ cear-wylmas      côlran wurðað;
+     "oððe â syððan      earfoð-þrage,
+     "þreá-nýd þolað,      þenden þær wunað
+285  "on heáh-stede      hûsa sêlest."
+     Weard maðelode,      þær on wicge sät
+     ombeht unforht:      "Æghwäðres sceal
+     "scearp scyld-wîga      gescâd witan,
+     "worda and worca,      se þe wel þenceð.
+290  "Ic þät gehýre,      þät þis is hold weorod
+     "freán Scyldinga.      Gewîtað forð beran
+     "wæpen and gewædu,      ic eów wîsige:
+     "swylce ic magu-þegnas      mîne hâte
+     "wið feónda gehwone      flotan eówerne,
+295  "niw-tyrwedne      nacan on sande
+     "ârum healdan,      ôð þät eft byreð
+     "ofer lagu-streámas      leófne mannan
+     "wudu wunden-hals      tô Weder-mearce.
+     "Gûð-fremmendra      swylcum gifeðe bið,
+300  "þät þone hilde-ræs      hâl gedîgeð."
+     Gewiton him þâ fêran      (flota stille bâd,
+     seomode on sâle      sîd-fäðmed scyp,
+     on ancre fäst);      eofor-lîc scionon
+     ofer hleór-beran      gehroden golde
+305  fâh and fýr-heard,      ferh wearde heóld.
+     Gûðmôde grummon,      guman onetton,
+     sigon ätsomne,      ôð þät hy säl timbred
+     geatolîc and gold-fâh      ongytan mihton;
+     þät wäs fore-mærost      fold-bûendum
+310  receda under roderum,      on þäm se rîca bâd;
+     lixte se leóma      ofer landa fela.
+     Him þâ hilde-deór      hof môdigra
+     torht getæhte,      þät hie him tô mihton
+     gegnum gangan;      gûð-beorna sum
+315  wicg gewende,      word äfter cwäð:
+     "Mæl is me tô fêran;      fäder alwalda
+     "mid âr-stafum      eówic gehealde
+     "sîða gesunde!      ic tô sæ wille,
+     "wið wrâð werod      wearde healdan."
+
+
+VI. BEÓWULF'S SPEECH.
+
+320  Stræt wäs stân-fâh,      stîg wîsode
+     gumum ätgädere.      Gûð-byrne scân
+     heard hond-locen,      hring-îren scîr
+     song in searwum,      þâ hie tô sele furðum
+     in hyra gryre-geatwum      gangan cwômon.
+325  Setton sæ-mêðe      sîde scyldas,
+     rondas regn-hearde      wið þäs recedes weal,
+     bugon þâ tô bence;      byrnan hringdon,
+     gûð-searo gumena;      gâras stôdon,
+     sæ-manna searo,      samod ätgädere,
+330  äsc-holt ufan græg:      wäs se îren-þreát
+     wæpnum gewurðad.      Þâ þær wlonc häleð
+     oret-mecgas      äfter äðelum frägn:
+     "Hwanon ferigeað ge      fätte scyldas,
+     "græge syrcan      and grîm-helmas,
+335  "here-sceafta heáp?--      Ic eom Hrôðgâres
+     "âr and ombiht.      Ne seah ic el-þeódige
+     "þus manige men      môdiglîcran.
+     "Wên' ic þät ge for wlenco,      nalles for wräc-sîðum,
+     "ac for hige-þrymmum      Hrôðgâr sôhton."
+340  Him þâ ellen-rôf      andswarode,
+     wlanc Wedera leód      word äfter spräc,
+     heard under helme:      "We synt Higelâces
+     "beód-geneátas;      Beówulf is mîn nama.
+     "Wille ic âsecgan      suna Healfdenes,
+345  "mærum þeódne      mîn ærende,
+     "aldre þînum,      gif he ûs geunnan wile,
+     "þät we hine swâ gôdne      grêtan môton."
+     Wulfgâr maðelode      (þät wäs Wendla leód,
+     wäs his môd-sefa      manegum gecýðed,
+350  wîg and wîs-dôm):      "ic þäs wine Deniga,
+     "freán Scildinga      frinan wille,
+     "beága bryttan,      swâ þu bêna eart,
+     "þeóden mærne      ymb þînne sîð ;
+     "and þe þâ andsware      ädre gecýðan,
+355  "þe me se gôda      âgifan þenceð."
+     Hwearf þâ hrädlîce,      þær Hrôðgâr sät,
+     eald and unhâr      mid his eorla gedriht;
+     eode ellen-rôf,      þät he for eaxlum gestôd
+     Deniga freán,      cûðe he duguðe þeáw.
+360  Wulfgâr maðelode      tô his wine-drihtne:
+     "Her syndon geferede      feorran cumene
+     "ofer geofenes begang      Geáta leóde:
+     "þone yldestan      oret-mecgas
+     "Beówulf nemnað.      Hy bênan synt,
+365  "þät hie, þeóden mîn,      wið þe môton
+     "wordum wrixlan;      nô þu him wearne geteóh,
+     "þînra gegn-cwida      glädnian, Hrôðgâr!
+     "Hy on wîg-geatwum      wyrðe þinceað
+     "eorla geæhtlan;      hûru se aldor deáh,
+370  "se þæm heaðo-rincum      hider wîsade."
+
+
+VII. HROTHGAR'S WELCOME.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "Ic hine cûðe      cniht-wesende.
+     "Wäs his eald-fäder      Ecgþeó hâten,
+     "þäm tô hâm forgeaf      Hrêðel Geáta
+375  "ângan dôhtor;      is his eafora nu
+     "heard her cumen,      sôhte holdne wine.
+     "þonne sägdon þät      sæ-lîðende,
+     "þâ þe gif-sceattas      Geáta fyredon
+     "þyder tô þance,      þät he þrittiges
+380  "manna mägen-cräft      on his mund-grîpe
+     "heaðo-rôf häbbe.      Hine hâlig god
+     "for âr-stafum      us onsende,
+     "tô West-Denum,      þäs ic wên häbbe,
+     "wið Grendles gryre:      ic þäm gôdan sceal
+385  "for his môd-þräce      mâdmas beódan.
+     "Beó þu on ôfeste,      hât hig in gân,
+     "seón sibbe-gedriht      samod ätgädere;
+     "gesaga him eác wordum,      þät hie sint wil-cuman
+     "Deniga leódum."      Þâ wið duru healle
+390  Wulfgâr eode,      word inne âbeád:
+     "Eów hêt secgan      sige-drihten mîn,
+     "aldor Eást-Dena,      þät he eówer äðelu can
+     "and ge him syndon      ofer sæ-wylmas,
+     "heard-hicgende,      hider wil-cuman.
+395  "Nu ge môton gangan      in eówrum guð-geatawum,
+     "under here-grîman,      Hrôðgâr geseón;
+     "lætað hilde-bord      her onbidian,
+     "wudu wäl-sceaftas,      worda geþinges."
+     Ârâs þâ se rîca,      ymb hine rinc manig,
+400  þryðlîc þegna heáp;      sume þær bidon,
+     heaðo-reáf heóldon,      swâ him se hearda bebeád.
+     Snyredon ätsomne,      þâ secg wîsode
+     under Heorotes hrôf;      hyge-rôf eode,
+     heard under helme,      þät he on heoðe gestôd.
+405  Beówulf maðelode      (on him byrne scân,
+     searo-net seówed      smiðes or-þancum):
+     "Wes þu Hrôðgâr hâl!      ic eom Higelâces
+     "mæg and mago-þegn;      häbbe ic mærða fela
+     "ongunnen on geogoðe.      Me wearð Grendles þing
+410  "on mînre êðel-tyrf      undyrne cûð:
+     "secgað sæ-lîðend,      þät þes sele stande,
+     "reced sêlesta,      rinca gehwylcum
+     "îdel and unnyt,      siððan æfen-leóht
+     "under heofenes hâdor      beholen weorðeð.
+415  "Þâ me þät gelærdon      leóde mîne,
+     "þâ sêlestan,      snotere ceorlas,
+     "þeóden Hrôðgâr,      þät ic þe sôhte;
+     "forþan hie mägenes cräft      mînne cûðon:
+     "selfe ofersâwon,      þâ ic of searwum cwom,
+420  "fâh from feóndum,      þær ic fîfe geband,
+     "ýðde eotena cyn,      and on ýðum slôg
+     "niceras nihtes,      nearo-þearfe dreáh,
+     "wräc Wedera nîð      (weán âhsodon)
+     "forgrand gramum;      and nu wið Grendel sceal,
+425  "wið þam aglæcan,      âna gehegan
+     "þing wið þyrse.      Ic þe nu þâ,
+     "brego Beorht-Dena,      biddan wille,
+     "eodor Scyldinga,      ânre bêne;
+     "þät þu me ne forwyrne,      wîgendra hleó,
+430  "freó-wine folca,      nu ic þus feorran com,
+     "þät ic môte âna      and mînra eorla gedryht,
+     "þes hearda heáp,      Heorot fælsian.
+     "Häbbe ic eác geâhsod,      þät se äglæca
+     "for his won-hýdum      wæpna ne rêceð;
+435  "ic þät þonne forhicge,      swâ me Higelâc sîe,
+     "mîn mon-drihten,      môdes blîðe,
+     "þät ic sweord bere      oððe sîdne scyld
+     "geolo-rand tô gûðe;      ac ic mid grâpe sceal
+     "fôn wið feónde      and ymb feorh sacan,
+440  "lâð wið lâðum;      þær gelýfan sceal
+     "dryhtnes dôme      se þe hine deáð nimeð.
+     "Wên' ic þät he wille,      gif he wealdan môt,
+     "in þäm gûð-sele      Geátena leóde
+     "etan unforhte,      swâ he oft dyde
+445  "mägen Hrêðmanna.      Nâ þu mînne þearft
+     "hafalan hýdan,      ac he me habban wile
+     "dreóre fâhne,      gif mec deáð nimeð;
+     "byreð blôdig wäl,      byrgean þenceð,
+     "eteð ân-genga      unmurnlîce,
+450  "mearcað môr-hopu:      nô þu ymb mînes ne þearft
+     "lîces feorme      leng sorgian.
+     "Onsend Higelâce,      gif mec hild nime,
+     "beadu-scrûda betst,      þät mîne breóst wereð,
+     "hrägla sêlest;      þät is Hrêðlan lâf,
+455  "Wêlandes geweorc.      Gæð â Wyrd swâ hió scel!"
+
+
+VIII. HROTHGAR TELLS OF GRENDEL.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "for were-fyhtum þu,      wine mîn Beówulf,
+     "and for âr-stafum      ûsic sôhtest.
+     "Geslôh þin fäder      fæhðe mæste,
+460  "wearð he Heaðolâfe      tô hand-bonan
+     "mid Wilfingum;      þâ hine Wedera cyn
+     "for here-brôgan      habban ne mihte.
+     "Þanon he gesôhte      Sûð-Dena folc
+     "ofer ýða gewealc,      Âr-Scyldinga;
+465  "þâ ic furðum weóld      folce Deninga,
+     "and on geogoðe heóld      gimme-rîce
+     "hord-burh häleða:      þâ wäs Heregâr deád,
+     "mîn yldra mæg      unlifigende,
+     "bearn Healfdenes.      Se wäs betera þonne ic!
+470  "Siððan þâ fæhðe      feó þingode;
+     "sende ic Wylfingum      ofer wäteres hrycg
+     "ealde mâdmas:      he me âðas swôr.
+     "Sorh is me tô secganne      on sefan mînum
+     "gumena ængum,      hwät me Grendel hafað
+475  "hýnðo on Heorote      mid his hete-þancum,
+     "fær-nîða gefremed.      Is mîn flet-werod,
+     "wîg-heáp gewanod;      hie Wyrd forsweóp
+     "on Grendles gryre.      God eáðe mäg
+     "þone dol-scaðan      dæda getwæfan!
+480  "Ful oft gebeótedon      beóre druncne
+     "ofer ealo-wæge      oret-mecgas,
+     "þät hie in beór-sele      bîdan woldon
+     "Grendles gûðe      mid gryrum ecga.
+     "Þonne wäs þeós medo-heal      on morgen-tîd,
+485  "driht-sele dreór-fâh,      þonne däg lixte,
+     "eal benc-þelu      blôde bestýmed,
+     "heall heoru-dreóre:      âhte ic holdra þý läs,
+     "deórre duguðe,      þe þâ deáð fornam.
+     "Site nu tô symle      and onsæl meoto,
+490  "sige-hrêð secgum,      swâ þîn sefa hwette!"
+     Þâ wäs Geát-mäcgum      geador ätsomne
+     on beór-sele      benc gerýmed;
+     þær swîð-ferhðe      sittan eodon
+     þryðum dealle.      Þegn nytte beheóld,
+495  se þe on handa bär      hroden ealo-wæge,
+     scencte scîr wered.      Scôp hwîlum sang
+     hâdor on Heorote;      þær wäs häleða dreám,
+     duguð unlytel      Dena and Wedera.
+
+
+IX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BEÓWULF.
+
+     Ûnferð maðelode,      Ecglâfes bearn,
+500  þe ät fôtum sät      freán Scyldinga;
+     onband beadu-rûne      (wäs him Beówulfes sîð,
+     môdges mere-faran,      micel äf-þunca,
+     forþon þe he ne ûðe,      þät ænig ôðer man
+     æfre mærða þon mâ      middan-geardes
+505  gehêdde under heofenum      þonne he sylfa):
+     "Eart þu se Beówulf,      se þe wið Brecan wunne,
+     "on sîdne sæ      ymb sund flite,
+     "þær git for wlence      wada cunnedon
+     "and for dol-gilpe      on deóp wäter
+510  "aldrum nêðdon?      Ne inc ænig mon,
+     "ne leóf ne lâð,      beleán mihte
+     "sorh-fullne sîð;      þâ git on sund reón,
+     "þær git eágor-streám      earmum þehton,
+     "mæton mere-stræta,      mundum brugdon,
+515  "glidon ofer gâr-secg;      geofon ýðum weól,
+     "wintres wylme.      Git on wäteres æht
+     "seofon niht swuncon;      he þe ät sunde oferflât,
+     "häfde mâre mägen.      Þâ hine on morgen-tîd
+     "on Heaðo-ræmas      holm up ätbär,
+520  "þonon he gesôhte      swæsne êðel
+     "leóf his leódum      lond Brondinga,
+     "freoðo-burh fägere,      þær he folc âhte,
+     "burg and beágas.      Beót eal wið þe
+     "sunu Beánstânes      sôðe gelæste.
+525  "Þonne wêne ic tô þe      wyrsan geþinges,
+     "þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa      gehwær dohte,
+     "grimre gûðe,      gif þu Grendles dearst
+     "niht-longne fyrst      neán bîdan!"
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+530  "Hwät þu worn fela,      wine mîn Ûnferð,
+     "beóre druncen      ymb Brecan spræce,
+     "sägdest from his sîðe!      Sôð ic talige,
+     "þät ic mere-strengo      mâran âhte,
+     "earfeðo on ýðum,      þonne ænig ôðer man.
+535  "Wit þät gecwædon      cniht-wesende
+     "and gebeótedon      (wæron begen þâ git
+     "on geogoð-feore)      þät wit on gâr-secg ût
+     "aldrum nêðdon;      and þät geäfndon swâ.
+     "Häfdon swurd nacod,      þâ wit on sund reón,
+540  "heard on handa,      wit unc wið hron-fixas
+     "werian þôhton.      Nô he wiht fram me
+     "flôd-ýðum feor      fleótan meahte,
+     "hraðor on holme,      nô ic fram him wolde.
+     "Þâ wit ätsomne      on sæ wæron
+545  "fîf nihta fyrst,      ôð þät unc flôd tôdrâf,
+     "wado weallende,      wedera cealdost,
+     "nîpende niht      and norðan wind
+     "heaðo-grim andhwearf;      hreó wæron ýða,
+     "Wäs mere-fixa      môd onhrêred:
+550  "þær me wið lâðum      lîc-syrce mîn,
+     "heard hond-locen,      helpe gefremede;
+     "beado-hrägl broden      on breóstum läg,
+     "golde gegyrwed.      Me tô grunde teáh
+     "fâh feónd-scaða,      fäste häfde
+555  "grim on grâpe:      hwäðre me gyfeðe wearð,
+     "þät ic aglæcan      orde geræhte,
+     "hilde-bille;      heaðo-ræs fornam
+     "mihtig mere-deór      þurh mîne hand.
+
+
+X. BEÓWULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.--THE FEAST.
+
+     "Swâ mec gelôme      lâð-geteónan
+560  "þreátedon þearle.      Ic him þênode
+     "deóran sweorde,      swâ hit gedêfe wäs;
+     "näs hie þære fylle      gefeán häfdon,
+     "mân-fordædlan,      þät hie me þêgon,
+     "symbel ymb-sæton      sæ-grunde neáh,
+565  "ac on mergenne      mêcum wunde
+     "be ýð-lâfe      uppe lægon,
+     "sweordum âswefede,      þät syððan nâ
+     "ymb brontne ford      brim-lîðende
+     "lâde ne letton.      Leóht eástan com,
+570  "beorht beácen godes;      brimu swaðredon,
+     "þät ic sæ-nässas      geseón mihte,
+     "windige weallas.      Wyrd oft nereð
+     "unfægne eorl,      ðonne his ellen deáh!
+     "Hwäðere me gesælde,      þät ic mid sweorde ofslôh
+575  "niceras nigene.      Nô ic on niht gefrägn
+     "under heofones hwealf      heardran feohtan,
+     "ne on êg-streámum      earmran mannan;
+     "hwäðere ic fâra feng      feore gedîgde,
+     "siðes wêrig.      Þâ mec sæ ôðbär,
+580  "flôd äfter faroðe,      on Finna land,
+     "wadu weallendu.      Nô ic wiht fram þe
+     "swylcra searo-nîða      secgan hýrde,
+     "billa brôgan:      Breca næfre git
+     "ät heaðo-lâce,      ne gehwäðer incer
+585  "swâ deórlîce      dæd gefremede
+     "fâgum sweordum      . . . . . . .
+     ". . . . . . .      nô ic þäs gylpe;
+     "þeáh þu þînum brôðrum      tô banan wurde,
+     "heáfod-mægum;      þäs þu in helle scealt
+590  "werhðo dreógan,      þeáh þîn wit duge,
+     "Secge ic þe tô sôðe,      sunu Ecglâfes,
+     "þät næfre Grendel swâ fela      gryra gefremede,
+     "atol äglæca      ealdre þînum,
+     "hýnðo on Heorote,      gif þîn hige wære,
+595  "sefa swâ searo-grim,      swâ þu self talast.
+     "Ac he hafað onfunden,      þät he þâ fæhðe ne þearf,
+     "atole ecg-þräce      eówer leóde
+     "swîðe onsittan,      Sige-Scyldinga;
+     "nymeð nýd-bâde,      nænegum ârað
+600  "leóde Deniga,      ac he on lust wîgeð,
+     "swefeð ond sendeð,      secce ne wêneð
+     "tô Gâr-Denum.      Ac him Geáta sceal
+     "eafoð and ellen      ungeâra nu
+     "gûðe gebeódan.      Gæð eft se þe môt
+605  "tô medo môdig,      siððan morgen-leóht
+     "ofer ylda bearn      ôðres dôgores,
+     "sunne swegl-wered      sûðan scîneð!"
+     Þâ wäs on sâlum      sinces brytta
+     gamol-feax and gûð-rôf,      geóce gelýfde
+610  brego Beorht-Dena;      gehýrde on Beówulfe
+     folces hyrde      fäst-rædne geþôht.
+     Þær wäs häleða hleahtor;      hlyn swynsode,
+     word wæron wynsume.      Eode Wealhþeów forð,
+     cwên Hrôðgâres,      cynna gemyndig,
+615  grêtte gold-hroden      guman on healle,
+     and þâ freólîc wîf      ful gesealde
+     ærest Eást-Dena      êðel-wearde,
+     bäd hine blîðne      ät þære beór-þege,
+     leódum leófne;      he on lust geþeah
+620  symbel and sele-ful,      sige-rôf kyning.
+     Ymb-eode þâ      ides Helminga
+     duguðe and geogoðe      dæl æghwylcne;
+     sinc-fato sealde,      ôð þät sæl âlamp,
+     þät hió Beówulfe,      beág-hroden cwên,
+625  môde geþungen,      medo-ful ätbär;
+     grêtte Geáta leód,      gode þancode
+     wîs-fäst wordum,      þäs þe hire se willa gelamp,
+     þät heó on ænigne      eorl gelýfde
+     fyrena frôfre.      He þät ful geþeah,
+630  wäl-reów wîga      ät Wealhþeón,
+     and þâ gyddode      gûðe gefýsed,
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Ic þät hogode,      þâ ic on holm gestâh,
+     "sæ-bât gesät      mid mînra secga gedriht,
+635  "þät ic ânunga      eówra leóda
+     "willan geworhte,      oððe on wäl crunge,
+     "feónd-grâpum fäst.      Ic gefremman sceal
+     "eorlîc ellen,      oððe ende-däg
+     "on þisse meodu-healle      mînne gebîdan."
+640  Þam wîfe þâ word      wel lîcodon,
+     gilp-cwide Geátes;      eode gold-hroden
+     freólîcu folc-cwên      tô hire freán sittan.
+     Þâ wäs eft swâ ær      inne on healle
+     þryð-word sprecen,      þeód on sælum,
+645  sige-folca swêg,      ôð þät semninga
+     sunu Healfdenes      sêcean wolde
+     æfen-räste;      wiste ät þäm ahlæcan
+     tô þäm heáh-sele      hilde geþinged,
+     siððan hie sunnan leóht      geseón ne meahton,
+650  oððe nîpende      niht ofer ealle,
+     scadu-helma gesceapu      scrîðan cwôman,
+     wan under wolcnum.      Werod eall ârâs.
+     Grêtte þâ giddum      guma ôðerne,
+     Hrôðgâr Beówulf,      and him hæl âbeád,
+655  wîn-ärnes geweald      and þät word âcwäð:
+     "Næfre ic ænegum men      ær âlýfde,
+     "siððan ic hond and rond      hebban mihte,
+     "þryð-ärn Dena      bûton þe nu þâ.
+     "Hafa nu and geheald      hûsa sêlest;
+660  "gemyne mærðo,      mägen-ellen cýð,
+     "waca wið wrâðum!      Ne bið þe wilna gâd,
+     "gif þu þät ellen-weorc      aldre gedîgest."
+
+
+XI. THE WATCH FOR GRENDEL.
+
+     Þâ him Hrôðgâr gewât      mid his häleða gedryht,
+     eodur Scyldinga      ût of healle;
+665  wolde wîg-fruma      Wealhþeó sêcan,
+     cwên tô gebeddan      Häfde kyninga wuldor
+     Grendle tô-geánes,      swâ guman gefrungon,
+     sele-weard âseted,      sundor-nytte beheóld
+     ymb aldor Dena,      eoton weard âbeád;
+670  hûru Geáta leód      georne trûwode
+     môdgan mägnes,      metodes hyldo.
+     Þâ he him of dyde      îsern-byrnan,
+     helm of hafelan,      sealde his hyrsted sweord,
+     îrena cyst      ombiht-þegne,
+675  and gehealdan hêt      hilde-geatwe.
+     Gespräc þâ se gôda      gylp-worda sum
+     Beówulf Geáta,      ær he on bed stige:
+     "Nô ic me an here-wæsmum      hnâgran talige
+     "gûð-geweorca,      þonne Grendel hine;
+680  "forþan ic hine sweorde      swebban nelle,
+     "aldre beneótan,      þeáh ic eal mæge.
+     "Nât he þâra gôda,      þät he me on-geán sleá,
+     "rand geheáwe,      þeáh þe he rôf sîe
+     "nîð-geweorca;      ac wit on niht sculon
+685  "secge ofersittan,      gif he gesêcean dear
+     "wîg ofer wæpen,      and siððan witig god
+     "on swâ hwäðere hond      hâlig dryhten
+     "mærðo dême,      swâ him gemet þince."
+     Hylde hine þâ heaðo-deór,      hleór-bolster onfêng
+690  eorles andwlitan;      and hine ymb monig
+     snellîc sæ-rinc      sele-reste gebeáh.
+     Nænig heora þôhte      þät he þanon scolde
+     eft eard-lufan      æfre gesêcean,
+     folc oððe freó-burh,      þær he âfêded wäs,
+695  ac hie häfdon gefrunen,      þät hie ær tô fela micles
+     in þäm wîn-sele      wäl-deáð fornam,
+     Denigea leóde.      Ac him dryhten forgeaf
+     wîg-spêda gewiofu,      Wedera leódum
+     frôfor and fultum,      þät hie feónd heora
+700  þurh ânes cräft      ealle ofercômon,
+     selfes mihtum:      sôð is gecýðed,
+     þät mihtig god      manna cynnes
+     weóld wîde-ferhð.      Com on wanre niht
+     scrîðan sceadu-genga.      Sceótend swæfon,
+705  þâ þät horn-reced      healdan scoldon,
+     ealle bûton ânum.      Þät wäs yldum cûð,
+     þät hie ne môste,      þâ metod nolde,
+     se syn-scaða      under sceadu bregdan;
+     ac he wäccende      wrâðum on andan
+710  bâd bolgen-môd      beadwa geþinges.
+
+
+XII. GRENDEL'S RAID.
+
+     Þâ com of môre      under mist-hleoðum
+     Grendel gongan,      godes yrre bär.
+     Mynte se mân-scaða      manna cynnes
+     sumne besyrwan      in sele þam heán;
+715  wôd under wolcnum,      tô þäs þe he wîn-reced,
+     gold-sele gumena,      gearwost wisse
+     fättum fâhne.      Ne wäs þät forma sîð,
+     þät he Hrôðgâres      hâm gesôhte:
+     næfre he on aldor-dagum      ær ne siððan
+720  heardran häle,      heal-þegnas fand!
+     Com þâ tô recede      rinc sîðian
+     dreámum bedæled.      Duru sôna onarn
+     fýr-bendum fäst,      syððan he hire folmum hrân;
+     onbräd þâ bealo-hydig,      þâ he âbolgen wäs,
+725  recedes mûðan.      Raðe äfter þon
+     on fâgne flôr      feónd treddode,
+     eode yrre-môd;      him of eágum stôd
+     lîge gelîcost      leóht unfäger.
+     Geseah he in recede      rinca manige,
+730  swefan sibbe-gedriht      samod ätgädere,
+     mago-rinca heáp:      þâ his môd âhlôg,
+     mynte þät he gedælde,      ær þon däg cwôme,
+     atol aglæca,      ânra gehwylces
+     lîf wið lîce,      þâ him âlumpen wäs
+735  wist-fylle wên.      Ne wäs þät wyrd þâ gen,
+     þät he mâ môste      manna cynnes
+     þicgean ofer þâ niht.      Þrýð-swýð beheóld
+     mæg Higelâces,      hû se mân-scaða
+     under fær-gripum      gefaran wolde.
+740  Ne þät se aglæca      yldan þôhte,
+     ac he gefêng hraðe      forman siðe
+     slæpendne rinc,      slât unwearnum,
+     bât bân-locan,      blôd êdrum dranc,
+     syn-snædum swealh:      sôna häfde
+745  unlyfigendes      eal gefeormod
+     fêt and folma.      Forð neár ätstôp,
+     nam þâ mid handa      hige-þihtigne
+     rinc on räste;      ræhte ongeán
+     feónd mid folme,      he onfêng hraðe
+750  inwit-þancum      and wið earm gesät.
+     Sôna þät onfunde      fyrena hyrde,
+     þät he ne mêtte      middan-geardes
+     eorðan sceáta      on elran men
+     mund-gripe mâran:      he on môde wearð
+755  forht on ferhðe,      nô þý ær fram meahte;
+     hyge wäs him hin-fûs,      wolde on heolster fleón,
+     sêcan deófla gedräg:      ne wäs his drohtoð þær,
+     swylce he on ealder-dagum      ær gemêtte.
+     Gemunde þâ se gôda      mæg Higelâces
+760  æfen-spræce,      up-lang âstôd
+     and him fäste wiðfêng.      Fingras burston;
+     eoten wäs ût-weard,      eorl furður stôp.
+     Mynte se mæra,      þær he meahte swâ,
+     wîdre gewindan      and on weg þanon
+765  fleón on fen-hopu;      wiste his fingra geweald
+     on grames grâpum.      Þät wäs geócor sîð,
+     þät se hearm-scaða      tô Heorute âteáh:
+     dryht-sele dynede,      Denum eallum wearð,
+     ceaster-bûendum,      cênra gehwylcum,
+770  eorlum ealu-scerwen.      Yrre wæron begen,
+     rêðe rên-weardas.      Reced hlynsode;
+     þâ wäs wundor micel,      þät se wîn-sele
+     wiðhäfde heaðo-deórum,      þät he on hrusan ne feól,
+     fäger fold-bold;      ac he þäs fäste wäs
+775  innan and ûtan      îren-bendum
+     searo-þoncum besmiðod.      Þær fram sylle âbeág
+     medu-benc monig      mîne gefræge,
+     golde geregnad,      þær þâ graman wunnon;
+     þäs ne wêndon ær      witan Scyldinga,
+780  þät hit â mid gemete      manna ænig
+     betlîc and bân-fâg      tôbrecan meahte,
+     listum tôlûcan,      nymðe lîges fäðm
+     swulge on swaðule.      Swêg up âstâg
+     niwe geneahhe;      Norð-Denum stôd
+785  atelîc egesa      ânra gehwylcum
+     þâra þe of wealle      wôp gehýrdon,
+     gryre-leóð galan      godes andsacan,
+     sige-leásne sang,      sâr wânigean
+     helle häftan.      Heóld hine tô fäste
+790  se þe manna wäs      mägene strengest
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes.
+
+
+XIII. BEÓWULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.
+
+     Nolde eorla hleó      ænige þinga
+     þone cwealm-cuman      cwicne forlætan,
+     ne his lîf-dagas      leóda ænigum
+795  nytte tealde.      Þær genehost brägd
+     eorl Beówulfes      ealde lâfe,
+     wolde freá-drihtnes      feorh ealgian
+     mæres þeódnes,      þær hie meahton swâ;
+     hie þät ne wiston,      þâ hie gewin drugon,
+800  heard-hicgende      hilde-mecgas,
+     and on healfa gehwone      heáwan þôhton,
+     sâwle sêcan,      þät þone syn-scaðan
+     ænig ofer eorðan      îrenna cyst,
+     gûð-billa nân      grêtan nolde;
+805  ac he sige-wæpnum      forsworen häfde,
+     ecga gehwylcre.      Scolde his aldor-gedâl
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes
+     earmlîc wurðan      and se ellor-gâst
+     on feónda geweald      feor sîðian.
+810  Þâ þät onfunde      se þe fela æror
+     môdes myrðe      manna cynne
+     fyrene gefremede      (he wäs fâg wið god)
+     þät him se lîc-homa      læstan nolde,
+     ac hine se môdega      mæg Hygelâces
+815  häfde be honda;      wäs gehwäðer ôðrum
+     lifigende lâð.      Lîc-sâr gebâd
+     atol äglæca,      him on eaxle wearð
+     syn-dolh sweotol,      seonowe onsprungon
+     burston bân-locan.      Beówulfe wearð
+820  gûð-hrêð gyfeðe;      scolde Grendel þonan
+     feorh-seóc fleón      under fen-hleoðu,
+     sêcean wyn-leás wîc;      wiste þê geornor,
+     þät his aldres wäs      ende gegongen,
+     dôgera däg-rîm.      Denum eallum wearð
+825  äfter þam wäl-ræse      willa gelumpen.
+     Häfde þâ gefælsod,      se þe ær feorran com,
+     snotor and swýð-ferhð      sele Hrôðgâres,
+     genered wið nîðe.      Niht-weorce gefeh,
+     ellen-mærðum;      häfde Eást-Denum
+830  Geát-mecga leód      gilp gelæsted,
+     swylce oncýððe      ealle gebêtte,
+     inwid-sorge,      þe hie ær drugon
+     and for þreá-nýdum      þolian scoldon,
+     torn unlytel.      Þät wäs tâcen sweotol,
+835  syððan hilde-deór      hond âlegde,
+     earm and eaxle      (þær wäs eal geador
+     Grendles grâpe)      under geápne hrôf.
+
+
+XIV. THE JOY AT HEOROT.
+
+     Þâ wäs on morgen      mîne gefræge
+     ymb þâ gif-healle      gûð-rinc monig:
+840  fêrdon folc-togan      feorran and neán
+     geond wîd-wegas      wundor sceáwian,
+     lâðes lâstas.      Nô his lîf-gedâl
+     sârlîc þûhte      secga ænegum,
+     þâra þe tîr-leáses      trode sceáwode,
+845  hû he wêrig-môd      on weg þanon,
+     nîða ofercumen,      on nicera mere
+     fæge and geflýmed      feorh-lâstas bär.
+     Þær wäs on blôde      brim weallende,
+     atol ýða geswing      eal gemenged
+850  hâtan heolfre,      heoro-dreóre weól;
+     deáð-fæge deóg,      siððan dreáma leás
+     in fen-freoðo      feorh âlegde
+     hæðene sâwle,      þær him hel onfêng.
+     Þanon eft gewiton      eald-gesîðas,
+855  swylce geong manig      of gomen-wâðe,
+     fram mere môdge,      mearum rîdan,
+     beornas on blancum.      Þær wäs Beówulfes
+     mærðo mæned;      monig oft gecwäð,
+     þätte sûð ne norð      be sæm tweonum
+860  ofer eormen-grund      ôðer nænig
+     under swegles begong      sêlra nære
+     rond-häbbendra,      rîces wyrðra.
+     Ne hie hûru wine-drihten      wiht ne lôgon,
+     glädne Hrôðgâr,      ac þät wäs gôd cyning.
+865  Hwîlum heaðo-rôfe      hleápan lêton,
+     on geflît faran      fealwe mearas,
+     þær him fold-wegas      fägere þûhton,
+     cystum cûðe;      hwîlum cyninges þegn,
+     guma gilp-hläden      gidda gemyndig,
+870  se þe eal-fela      eald-gesegena
+     worn gemunde,      word ôðer fand
+     sôðe gebunden:      secg eft ongan
+     sîð Beówulfes      snyttrum styrian
+     and on spêd wrecan      spel gerâde,
+875  wordum wrixlan,      wel-hwylc gecwäð,
+     þät he fram Sigemunde      secgan hýrde,
+     ellen-dædum,      uncûðes fela,
+     Wälsinges gewin,      wîde sîðas,
+     þâra þe gumena bearn      gearwe ne wiston,
+880  fæhðe and fyrene,      bûton Fitela mid hine,
+     þonne he swylces hwät      secgan wolde
+     eám his nefan,      swâ hie â wæron
+     ät nîða gehwâm      nýd-gesteallan:
+     häfdon eal-fela      eotena cynnes
+885  sweordum gesæged.      Sigemunde gesprong
+     äfter deáð-däge      dôm unlýtel,
+     syððan wîges heard      wyrm âcwealde,
+     hordes hyrde;      he under hârne stân,
+     äðelinges bearn,      âna genêðde
+890  frêcne dæde;      ne wäs him Fitela mid.
+     Hwäðre him gesælde,      þät þät swurd þurhwôd
+     wrätlîcne wyrm,      þät hit on wealle ätstôd,
+     dryhtlîc îren;      draca morðre swealt.
+     Häfde aglæca      elne gegongen,
+895  þät he beáh-hordes      brûcan môste
+     selfes dôme:      sæ-bât gehlôd,
+     bär on bearm scipes      beorhte frätwa,
+     Wälses eafera;      wyrm hât gemealt.
+     Se wäs wreccena      wîde mærost
+900  ofer wer-þeóde,      wîgendra hleó
+     ellen-dædum:      he þäs âron þâh.
+     Siððan Heremôdes      hild sweðrode
+     eafoð and ellen.      He mid eotenum wearð
+     on feónda geweald      forð forlâcen,
+905  snûde forsended.      Hine sorh-wylmas
+     lemede tô lange,      he his leódum wearð,
+     eallum äðelingum      tô aldor-ceare;
+     swylce oft bemearn      ærran mælum
+     swîð-ferhðes sîð      snotor ceorl monig,
+910  se þe him bealwa tô      bôte gelýfde,
+     þät þät þeódnes bearn      geþeón scolde,
+     fäder-äðelum onfôn,      folc gehealdan,
+     hord and hleó-burh,      häleða rîce,
+     êðel Scyldinga.      He þær eallum wearð,
+915  mæg Higelâces      manna cynne,
+     freóndum gefägra;      hine fyren onwôd.
+
+     Hwîlum flîtende      fealwe stræte
+     mearum mæton.      Þâ wäs morgen-leóht
+     scofen and scynded.      Eode scealc monig
+920  swîð-hicgende      tô sele þam heán,
+     searo-wundor seón,      swylce self cyning,
+     of brýd-bûre      beáh-horda weard,
+     tryddode tîr-fäst      getrume micle,
+     cystum gecýðed,      and his cwên mid him
+925  medo-stîg gemät      mägða hôse.
+
+
+XV. HROTHGAR'S GRATULATION.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode      (he tô healle geóng,
+     stôd on stapole,      geseah steápne hrôf
+     golde fâhne      and Grendles hond):
+     "þisse ansýne      al-wealdan þanc
+930  "lungre gelimpe!      Fela ic lâðes gebâd,
+     "grynna ät Grendle:      â mäg god wyrcan
+     "wunder äfter wundre,      wuldres hyrde!
+     "Þät wäs ungeâra,      þät ic ænigra me
+     "weána ne wênde      tô wîdan feore
+935  "bôte gebîdan      þonne blôde fâh
+     "hûsa sêlest      heoro-dreórig stôd;
+     "weá wîd-scofen      witena gehwylcne
+     "þâra þe ne wêndon,      þät hie wîde-ferhð
+     "leóda land-geweorc      lâðum beweredon
+940  "scuccum and scinnum.      Nu scealc hafað
+     "þurh drihtnes miht      dæd gefremede,
+     "þe we ealle      ær ne meahton
+     "snyttrum besyrwan.      Hwät! þät secgan mäg
+     "efne swâ hwylc mägða,      swâ þone magan cende
+945  "äfter gum-cynnum,      gyf heó gyt lyfað,
+     "þät hyre eald-metod      êste wære
+     "bearn-gebyrdo.      Nu ic Beówulf
+     "þec, secg betsta,      me for sunu wylle
+     "freógan on ferhðe;      heald forð tela
+950  "niwe sibbe.      Ne bið þe nænigra gâd
+     "worolde wilna,      þe ic geweald häbbe.
+     "Ful-oft ic for lässan      leán teohhode
+     "hord-weorðunge      hnâhran rince,
+     "sæmran ät säcce.      Þu þe self hafast
+955  "dædum gefremed,      þät þîn dôm lyfað
+     "âwâ tô aldre.      Alwalda þec
+     "gôde forgylde,      swâ he nu gyt dyde!"
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "We þät ellen-weorc      êstum miclum,
+960  "feohtan fremedon,      frêcne genêðdon
+     "eafoð uncûðes;      ûðe ic swîðor,
+     "þät þu hinc selfne      geseón môste,
+     "feónd on frätewum      fyl-wêrigne!
+     "Ic hine hrädlîce      heardan clammum
+965  "on wäl-bedde      wrîðan þôhte,
+     "þät he for mund-gripe      mînum scolde
+     "licgean lîf-bysig,      bûtan his lîc swice;
+     "ic hine ne mihte,      þâ metod nolde,
+     "ganges getwæman,      nô ic him þäs georne ätfealh,
+970  "feorh-genîðlan;      wäs tô fore-mihtig
+     "feónd on fêðe.      Hwäðere he his folme forlêt
+     "tô lîf-wraðe      lâst weardian,
+     "earm and eaxle;      nô þær ænige swâ þeáh
+     "feá-sceaft guma      frôfre gebohte:
+975  "nô þý leng leofað      lâð-geteóna
+     "synnum geswenced,      ac hyne sâr hafað
+     "in nýd-gripe      nearwe befongen,
+     "balwon bendum:      þær âbîdan sceal
+     "maga mâne fâh      miclan dômes,
+980  "hû him scîr metod      scrîfan wille."
+     Þâ wäs swîgra secg,      sunu Ecglâfes,
+     on gylp-spræce      gûð-geweorca,
+     siððan äðelingas      eorles cräfte
+     ofer heáhne hrôf      hand sceáwedon,
+985  feóndes fingras,      foran æghwylc;
+     wäs stêde nägla gehwylc,      stýle gelîcost,
+     hæðenes hand-sporu      hilde-rinces
+     egle unheóru;      æg-hwylc gecwäð,
+     þät him heardra nân      hrînan wolde
+990  îren ær-gôd,      þät þäs ahlæcan
+     blôdge beadu-folme      onberan wolde.
+
+
+XVI. THE BANQUET AND THE GIFTS.
+
+     Þâ wäs hâten hreðe      Heort innan-weard
+     folmum gefrätwod:      fela þæra wäs
+     wera and wîfa,      þe þät wîn-reced,
+995  gest-sele gyredon.      Gold-fâg scinon
+     web äfter wagum,      wundor-sióna fela
+     secga gehwylcum      þâra þe on swylc starað
+     Wäs þät beorhte bold      tôbrocen swîðe
+     eal inne-weard      îren-bendum fäst,
+1000 heorras tôhlidene;      hrôf âna genäs
+     ealles ansund,      þâ se aglæca
+     fyren-dædum fâg      on fleám gewand,
+     aldres or-wêna.      Nô þät ýðe byð
+     tô befleónne      (fremme se þe wille!)
+1005 ac gesacan sceal      sâwl-berendra
+     nýde genýdde      niðða bearna
+     grund-bûendra      gearwe stôwe,
+     þær his lîc-homa      leger-bedde fäst
+     swefeð äfter symle.      Þâ wäs sæl and mæl,
+1010 þät tô healle gang      Healfdenes sunu;
+     wolde self cyning      symbel þicgan.
+     Ne gefrägen ic þâ mægðe      mâran weorode
+     ymb hyra sinc-gyfan      sêl gebæran.
+     Bugon þâ tô bence      blæd-âgende,
+1015 fylle gefægon.      Fägere geþægon
+     medo-ful manig      mâgas + þâra
+     swîð-hicgende      on sele þam heán,
+     Hrôðgâr and Hrôðulf.      Heorot innan wäs
+     freóndum âfylled;      nalles fâcen-stafas
+1020 Þeód-Scyldingas      þenden fremedon.
+     Forgeaf þâ Beówulfe      bearn Healfdenes
+     segen gyldenne      sigores tô leáne,
+     hroden hilte-cumbor,      helm and byrnan;
+     mære mâððum-sweord      manige gesâwon
+1025 beforan beorn beran.      Beówulf geþah
+     ful on flette;      nô he þære feoh-gyfte
+     for sceótendum      scamigan þorfte,
+     ne gefrägn ic freóndlîcor      feówer mâdmas
+     golde gegyrede      gum-manna fela
+1030 in ealo-bence      ôðrum gesellan.
+     Ymb þäs helmes hrôf      heáfod-beorge
+     wîrum bewunden      walan ûtan heóld,
+     þät him fêla lâfe      frêcne ne meahton
+     scûr-heard sceððan,      þonne scyld-freca
+1035 ongeán gramum      gangan scolde.
+     Hêht þâ eorla hleó      eahta mearas,
+     fäted-hleóre,      on flet teón
+     in under eoderas;      þâra ânum stôd
+     sadol searwum fâh      since gewurðad,
+1040 þät wäs hilde-setl      heáh-cyninges,
+     þonne sweorda gelâc      sunu Healfdenes
+     efnan wolde;      næfre on ôre läg
+     wîd-cûðes wîg,      þonne walu feóllon.
+     And þâ Beówulfe      bega gehwäðres
+1045 eodor Ingwina      onweald geteáh,
+     wicga and wæpna;      hêt hine wel brûcan.
+     Swâ manlîce      mære þeóden,
+     hord-weard häleða      heaðo-ræsas geald
+     mearum and mâdmum,      swâ hý næfre man lyhð,
+1050 se þe secgan wile      sôð äfter rihte.
+
+
+XVII. SONG OF HROTHGAR'S POET--THE LAY OF HNAEF AND HENGEST.
+
+     Þâ gyt æghwylcum      eorla drihten
+     þâra þe mid Beówulfe      brim-lâde teáh,
+     on þære medu-bence      mâððum gesealde,
+     yrfe-lâfe,      and þone ænne hêht
+1055 golde forgyldan,      þone þe Grendel ær
+     mâne âcwealde,      swâ he hyra mâ wolde,
+     nefne him witig god      wyrd forstôde
+     and þäs mannes môd:      metod eallum weóld
+     gumena cynnes,      swâ he nu git dêð;
+1060 forþan bið andgit      æghwær sêlest,
+     ferhðes fore-þanc!      fela sceal gebîdan
+     leófes and lâðes,      se þe longe her
+     on þyssum win-dagum      worolde brûceð.
+     Þær wäs sang and swêg      samod ätgädere
+1065 fore Healfdenes      hilde-wîsan,
+     gomen-wudu grêted,      gid oft wrecen,
+     þonne heal-gamen      Hrôðgâres scôp
+     äfter medo-bence      mænan scolde
+     Finnes eaferum,      þâ hie se fær begeat:
+1070 "Häleð Healfdenes,      Hnäf Scyldinga,
+     "in Fr..es wäle      feallan scolde.
+     "Ne hûru Hildeburh      hêrian þorfte
+     "Eotena treówe:      unsynnum wearð
+     "beloren leófum      ät þam lind-plegan
+1075 "bearnum and brôðrum;      hie on gebyrd hruron
+     "gâre wunde;      þät wäs geômuru ides.
+     "Nalles hôlinga      Hôces dôhtor
+     "meotod-sceaft bemearn,      syððan morgen com,
+     "þâ heó under swegle      geseón meahte
+1080 "morðor-bealo mâga,      þær heó ær mæste heóld
+     "worolde wynne:      wîg ealle fornam
+     "Finnes þegnas,      nemne feáum ânum,
+     "þät he ne mehte      on þäm meðel-stede
+     "wîg Hengeste      wiht gefeohtan,
+1085 "ne þâ weá-lâfe      wîge forþringan
+     "þeódnes þegne;       ac hig him geþingo budon,
+     "þät hie him ôðer flet      eal gerýmdon,
+     "healle and heáh-setl,      þät hie healfre geweald
+     "wið Eotena bearn      âgan môston,
+1090 "and ät feoh-gyftum      Folcwaldan sunu
+     "dôgra gehwylce      Dene weorðode,
+     "Hengestes heáp      hringum wenede,
+     "efne swâ swîðe      sinc-gestreónum
+     "fättan goldes,      swâ he Fresena cyn
+1095 "on beór-sele      byldan wolde.
+     "Þâ hie getrûwedon      on twâ healfa
+     "fäste frioðu-wære;      Fin Hengeste
+     "elne unflitme      âðum benemde,
+     "þät he þâ weá-lâfe      weotena dôme
+1100 "ârum heolde,      þät þær ænig mon
+     "wordum ne worcum      wære ne bræce,
+     "ne þurh inwit-searo      æfre gemænden,
+     "þeáh hie hira beág-gyfan      banan folgedon
+     "þeóden-leáse,      þâ him swâ geþearfod wäs:
+1105 "gyf þonne Frysna hwylc      frêcnan spræce
+     "þäs morðor-hetes      myndgiend wære,
+     "þonne hit sweordes ecg      syððan scolde.
+     "Âð wäs geäfned      and icge gold
+     "âhäfen of horde.      Here-Scyldinga
+1110 "betst beado-rinca      wäs on bæl gearu;
+     "ät þäm âde wäs      êð-gesýne
+     "swât-fâh syrce,      swýn eal-gylden,
+     "eofer îren-heard,      äðeling manig
+     "wundum âwyrded;      sume on wäle crungon.
+1115 "Hêt þâ Hildeburh      ät Hnäfes âde
+     "hire selfre sunu      sweoloðe befästan,
+     "bân-fatu bärnan      and on bæl dôn.
+     "Earme on eaxle      ides gnornode,
+     "geômrode giddum;      gûð-rinc âstâh.
+1120 "Wand tô wolcnum      wäl-fýra mæst,
+     "hlynode for hlâwe;      hafelan multon,
+     "ben-geato burston,      þonne blôd ätspranc
+     "lâð-bite lîces.      Lîg ealle forswealg,
+     "gæsta gîfrost,      þâra þe þær gûð fornam
+1125 "bega folces;      wäs hira blæd scacen.
+
+
+XVIII. THE GLEEMAN'S TALE IS ENDED.
+
+     "Gewiton him þâ wîgend      wîca neósian,
+     "freóndum befeallen      Frysland geseón,
+     "hâmas and heá-burh.      Hengest þâ gyt
+     "wäl-fâgne winter      wunode mid Finne
+1130 "ealles unhlitme;      eard gemunde,
+     "þeáh þe he ne meahte      on mere drîfan
+     "hringed-stefnan;      holm storme weól,
+     "won wið winde;      winter ýðe beleác
+     "îs-gebinde      ôð þät ôðer com
+1135 "geâr in geardas,      swâ nu gyt dêð,
+     "þâ þe syngales      sêle bewitiað,
+     "wuldor-torhtan weder.      Þâ wäs winter scacen,
+     "fäger foldan bearm;      fundode wrecca,
+     "gist of geardum;      he tô gyrn-wräce
+1140 "swîðor þôhte,      þonne tô sæ-lâde,
+     "gif he torn-gemôt      þurhteón mihte,
+     "þät he Eotena bearn      inne gemunde.
+     "Swâ he ne forwyrnde      worold-rædenne,
+     "þonne him Hûnlâfing      hilde-leóman,
+1145 "billa sêlest,      on bearm dyde:
+     "þäs wæron mid Eotenum      ecge cûðe.
+     "Swylce ferhð-frecan      Fin eft begeat
+     "sweord-bealo slîðen      ät his selfes hâm,
+     "siððan grimne gripe      Gûðlaf ond Ôslâf
+1150 "äfter sæ-siðe      sorge mændon,
+     "ätwiton weána dæl;      ne meahte wäfre môd
+     "forhabban in hreðre.      Þâ wäs heal hroden
+     "feónda feorum,      swilce Fin slägen,
+     "cyning on corðre,      and seó cwên numen.
+1155 "Sceótend Scyldinga      tô scypum feredon
+     "eal in-gesteald      eorð-cyninges,
+     "swylce hie ät Finnes hâm      findan meahton
+     "sigla searo-gimma.      Hie on sæ-lâde
+     "drihtlîce wîf      tô Denum feredon,
+1160 "læddon tô leódum."      Leóð wäs âsungen,
+     gleó-mannes gyd.      Gamen eft âstâh,
+     beorhtode benc-swêg,      byrelas sealdon
+     wîn of wunder-fatum.      Þâ cwom Wealhþeó forð
+     gân under gyldnum beáge,      þær þâ gôdan twegen
+1165 sæton suhter-gefäderan;      þâ gyt wäs hiera sib ätgädere
+     æghwylc ôðrum trýwe.      Swylce þær Ûnferð þyle
+     ät fôtum sät freán Scyldinga:      gehwylc hiora his ferhðe treówde,
+     þät he häfde môd micel,      þeáh þe he his mâgum nære
+     ârfäst ät ecga gelâcum.      Spräc þâ ides Scyldinga:
+1170 "Onfôh þissum fulle,      freó-drihten mîn,
+     "sinces brytta;      þu on sælum wes,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      and tô Geátum sprec
+     "mildum wordum!      Swâ sceal man dôn.
+     "Beó wið Geátas gläd,      geofena gemyndig;
+1175 "neán and feorran      þu nu friðu hafast.
+     "Me man sägde,      þät þu þe for sunu wolde
+     "here-rinc habban.      Heorot is gefælsod,
+     "beáh-sele beorhta;      brûc þenden þu môte
+     "manigra mêda      and þînum mâgum læf
+1180 "folc and rîce,      þonne þu forð scyle
+     "metod-sceaft seón.      Ic mînne can
+     "glädne Hrôðulf,      þät he þâ geogoðe wile
+     "ârum healdan,      gyf þu ær þonne he,
+     "wine Scildinga,      worold oflætest;
+1185 "wêne ic, þät he mid gôde      gyldan wille
+     "uncran eaferan,      gif he þät eal gemon,
+     "hwät wit tô willan      and tô worð-myndum
+     "umbor wesendum ær      ârna gefremedon."
+     Hwearf þâ bî bence,      þær hyre byre wæron,
+1190 Hrêðrîc and Hrôðmund,      and häleða bearn,
+     giogoð ätgädere;      þær se gôda sät
+     Beówulf Geáta      be þæm gebrôðrum twæm.
+
+
+XIX. BEÓWULF'S JEWELLED COLLAR. THE HEROES REST.
+
+     Him wäs ful boren      and freónd-laðu
+     wordum bewägned      and wunden gold
+1195 êstum geeáwed,      earm-hreáde twâ,
+     hrägl and hringas,      heals-beága mæst
+     þâra þe ic on foldan      gefrägen häbbe.
+     Nænigne ic under swegle      sêlran hýrde
+     hord-mâððum häleða,      syððan Hâma ätwäg
+1200 tô þære byrhtan byrig      Brosinga mene,
+     sigle and sinc-fät,      searo-nîðas fealh
+     Eormenrîces,      geceás êcne ræd.
+     Þone hring häfde      Higelâc Geáta,
+     nefa Swertinges,      nýhstan sîðe,
+1205 siððan he under segne      sinc ealgode,
+     wäl-reáf werede;      hyne Wyrd fornam,
+     syððan he for wlenco      weán âhsode,
+     fæhðe tô Frysum;      he þâ frätwe wäg,
+     eorclan-stânas      ofer ýða ful,
+1210 rîce þeóden,      he under rande gecranc;
+     gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm      feorh cyninges,
+     breóst-gewædu      and se beáh somod:
+     wyrsan wîg-frecan      wäl reáfedon
+     äfter gûð-sceare,      Geáta leóde
+1215 hreâ-wîc heóldon.      Heal swêge onfêng.
+     Wealhþeó maðelode,      heó fore þäm werede spräc:
+     "Brûc þisses beáges,      Beówulf, leófa
+     "hyse, mid hæle,      and þisses hrägles neót
+     "þeód-gestreóna,      and geþeóh tela,
+1220 "cen þec mid cräfte      and þyssum cnyhtum wes
+     "lâra lîðe!      ic þe þäs leán geman.
+     "Hafast þu gefêred,      þät þe feor and neáh
+     "ealne wîde-ferhð      weras ehtigað,
+     "efne swâ sîde      swâ sæ bebûgeð
+1225 "windige weallas.      Wes, þenden þu lifige,
+     "äðeling eádig!      ic þe an tela
+     "sinc-gestreóna.      Beó þu suna mînum
+     "dædum gedêfe      dreám healdende!
+     "Her is æghwylc eorl      ôðrum getrýwe,
+1230 "môdes milde,      man-drihtne hold,
+     "þegnas syndon geþwære,      þeód eal gearo:
+     "druncne dryht-guman,      dôð swâ ic bidde!"
+     Eode þâ tô setle.      Þær wäs symbla cyst,
+     druncon wîn weras:      wyrd ne cûðon,
+1235 geó-sceaft grimme,      swâ hit âgangen wearð
+     eorla manegum,      syððan æfen cwom
+     and him Hrôðgâr gewât      tô hofe sînum,
+     rîce tô räste.      Reced weardode
+     unrîm eorla,      swâ hie oft ær dydon:
+1240 benc-þelu beredon,      hit geond-bræded wearð
+     beddum and bolstrum.      Beór-scealca sum
+     fûs and fæge      flet-räste gebeág.
+     Setton him tô heáfdum      hilde-randas,
+     bord-wudu beorhtan;      þær on bence wäs
+1245 ofer äðelinge      ýð-gesêne
+     heaðo-steápa helm,      hringed byrne,
+     þrec-wudu þrymlîc.      Wäs þeáw hyra,
+     þät hie oft wæron      an wîg gearwe,
+     ge ät hâm ge on herge,      ge gehwäðer þâra
+1250 efne swylce mæla,      swylce hira man-dryhtne
+     þearf gesælde;      wäs seó þeód tilu.
+
+
+XX. GRENDEL'S MOTHER ATTACKS THE RING-DANES.
+
+     Sigon þâ tô slæpe.      Sum sâre angeald
+     æfen-räste,      swâ him ful-oft gelamp,
+     siððan gold-sele      Grendel warode,
+1255 unriht äfnde,      ôð þät ende becwom,
+     swylt äfter synnum.      Þät gesýne wearð,
+     wîd-cûð werum,      þätte wrecend þâ gyt
+     lifde äfter lâðum,      lange þrage
+     äfter gûð-ceare;      Grendles môdor,
+1260 ides aglæc-wîf      yrmðe gemunde,
+     se þe wäter-egesan      wunian scolde,
+     cealde streámas,      siððan Cain wearð
+     tô ecg-banan      ângan brêðer,
+     fäderen-mæge;      he þâ fâg gewât,
+1265 morðre gemearcod      man-dreám fleón,
+     wêsten warode.      Þanon wôc fela
+     geósceaft-gâsta;      wäs þæra Grendel sum,
+     heoro-wearh hetelîc,      se ät Heorote fand
+     wäccendne wer      wîges bîdan,
+1270 þær him aglæca      ät-græpe wearð;
+     hwäðre he gemunde      mägenes strenge,
+     gim-fäste gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     and him tô anwaldan      âre gelýfde,
+     frôfre and fultum:      þý he þone feónd ofercwom,
+1275 gehnægde helle gâst:      þâ he heán gewât,
+     dreáme bedæled      deáð-wîc seón,
+     man-cynnes feónd.      And his môdor þâ gyt
+     gîfre and galg-môd      gegân wolde
+     sorh-fulne sîð,      suna deáð wrecan.
+1280 Com þâ tô Heorote,      þær Hring-Dene
+     geond þät säld swæfun.      Þâ þær sôna wearð
+     ed-hwyrft eorlum,      siððan inne fealh
+     Grendles môdor;      wäs se gryre lässa
+     efne swâ micle,      swâ bið mägða cräft,
+1285 wîg-gryre wîfes      be wæpned-men,
+     þonne heoru bunden,      hamere geþuren,
+     sweord swâte fâh      swîn ofer helme,
+     ecgum dyhtig      andweard scireð.
+     Þâ wäs on healle      heard-ecg togen,
+1290 sweord ofer setlum,      sîd-rand manig
+     hafen handa fäst;      helm ne gemunde,
+     byrnan sîde,      þe hine se brôga angeat.
+     Heó wäs on ôfste,      wolde ût þanon
+     feore beorgan,      þâ heó onfunden wäs;
+1295 hraðe heó äðelinga      ânne häfde
+     fäste befangen,      þâ heó tô fenne gang;
+     se wäs Hrôðgâre      häleða leófost
+     on gesîðes hâd      be sæm tweonum,
+     rîce rand-wîga,      þone þe heó on räste âbreát,
+1300 blæd-fästne beorn.      Näs Beówulf þær,
+     ac wäs ôðer in      ær geteohhod
+     äfter mâððum-gife      mærum Geáte.
+     Hreám wearð on Heorote.      Heó under heolfre genam
+     cûðe folme;      cearu wäs geniwod
+1305 geworden in wîcum:      ne wäs þät gewrixle til,
+     þät hie on bâ healfa      bicgan scoldon
+     freónda feorum.      Þâ wäs frôd cyning,
+     hâr hilde-rinc,      on hreón môde,
+     syððan he aldor-þegn      unlyfigendne,
+1310 þone deórestan      deádne wisse.
+     Hraðe wäs tô bûre      Beówulf fetod,
+     sigor-eádig secg.      Samod ær-däge
+     eode eorla sum,      äðele cempa
+     self mid gesîðum,      þær se snottra bâd,
+1315 hwäðre him al-walda      æfre wille
+     äfter weá-spelle      wyrpe gefremman.
+     Gang þâ äfter flôre      fyrd-wyrðe man
+     mid his hand-scale      (heal-wudu dynede)
+     þät he þone wîsan      wordum hnægde
+1320 freán Ingwina;      frägn gif him wære
+     äfter neód-laðu      niht getæse.
+
+
+XXI. SORROW AT HEOROT: ÆSCHERE'S DEATH.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scildinga:
+     "Ne frin þu äfter sælum!      Sorh is geniwod
+     "Denigea leódum.      Deád is Äsc-here,
+1325 "Yrmenlâfes      yldra brôðor,
+     "mîn rûn-wita      and mîn ræd-bora,
+     "eaxl-gestealla,      þonne we on orlege
+     "hafelan weredon,      þonne hniton fêðan,
+     "eoferas cnysedan;      swylc scolde eorl wesan
+1330 "äðeling ær-gôd,      swylc Äsc-here wäs.
+     "Wearð him on Heorote      tô hand-banan
+     "wäl-gæst wäfre;      ic ne wât hwäder
+     "atol æse wlanc      eft-sîðas teáh,
+     "fylle gefrægnod.      Heó þâ fæhðe wräc,
+1335 "þe þu gystran niht      Grendel cwealdest
+     "þurh hæstne hâd      heardum clammum,
+     "forþan he tô lange      leóde mîne
+     "wanode and wyrde.      He ät wîge gecrang
+     "ealdres scyldig,      and nu ôðer cwom
+1340 "mihtig mân-scaða,      wolde hyre mæg wrecan,
+     "ge feor hafað      fæhðe gestæled,
+     "þäs þe þincean mäg      þegne monegum,
+     "se þe äfter sinc-gyfan      on sefan greóteð,
+     "hreðer-bealo hearde;      nu seó hand ligeð,
+1345 "se þe eów wel-hwylcra      wilna dohte.
+     "Ic þät lond-bûend      leóde mîne
+     "sele-rædende      secgan hýrde,
+     "þät hie gesâwon      swylce twegen
+     "micle mearc-stapan      môras healdan,
+1350 "ellor-gæstas:      þæra ôðer wäs,
+     "þäs þe hie gewislîcost      gewitan meahton,
+     "idese onlîcnes,      ôðer earm-sceapen
+     "on weres wästmum      wräc-lâstas träd,
+     "näfne he wäs mâra      þonne ænig man ôðer,
+1355 "þone on geâr-dagum      Grendel nemdon
+     "fold-bûende:      nô hie fäder cunnon,
+     "hwäðer him ænig wäs      ær âcenned
+     "dyrnra gâsta.      Hie dýgel lond
+     "warigeað, wulf-hleoðu,      windige nässas,
+1360 "frêcne fen-gelâd,      þær fyrgen-streám
+     "under nässa genipu      niðer gewîteð,
+     "flôd under foldan;      nis þät feor heonon
+     "mîl-gemearces,      þät se mere standeð,
+     "ofer þäm hongiað      hrîmge bearwas,
+1365 "wudu wyrtum fäst,      wäter oferhelmað.
+     "Þær mäg nihta gehwæm      nîð-wundor seón,
+     "fýr on flôde;      nô þäs frôd leofað
+     "gumena bearna,      þät þone grund wite;
+     "þeáh þe hæð-stapa      hundum geswenced,
+1370 "heorot hornum trum      holt-wudu sêce,
+     "feorran geflýmed,      ær he feorh seleð,
+     "aldor on ôfre,      ær he in wille,
+     "hafelan hýdan.      Nis þät heóru stôw:
+     "þonon ýð-geblond      up âstîgeð
+1375 "won tô wolcnum,      þonne wind styreð
+     "lâð gewidru,      ôð þät lyft drysmað,
+     "roderas reótað.      Nu is ræd gelang
+     "eft ät þe ânum!      Eard git ne const,
+     "frêcne stôwe,      þær þu findan miht
+1380 "sinnigne secg:      sêc gif þu dyrre!
+     "Ic þe þâ fæhðe      feó leánige,
+     "eald-gestreónum,      swâ ic ær dyde,
+     "wundnum golde,      gyf þu on weg cymest."
+
+
+XXII. BEÓWULF SEEKS THE MONSTER IN THE HAUNTS OF THE NIXIES.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+1385 "Ne sorga, snotor guma!      sêlre bið æghwæm,
+     "þät he his freónd wrece,      þonne he fela murne;
+     "ûre æghwylc sceal      ende gebîdan
+     "worolde lîfes;      wyrce se þe môte
+     "dômes ær deáðe!      þät bið driht-guman
+1390 "unlifgendum      äfter sêlest.
+     "Ârîs, rîces weard;      uton hraðe fêran,
+     "Grendles mâgan      gang sceáwigan!
+     "Ic hit þe gehâte:      nô he on helm losað,
+     "ne on foldan fäðm,      ne on fyrgen-holt,
+1395 "ne on gyfenes grund,      gâ þær he wille.
+     "Þys dôgor þu      geþyld hafa
+     "weána gehwylces,      swâ ic þe wêne tô!"
+     Âhleóp þâ se gomela,      gode þancode,
+     mihtigan drihtne,      þäs se man gespräc.
+1400 Þâ wäs Hrôðgâre      hors gebæted,
+     wicg wunden-feax.      Wîsa fengel
+     geatolîc gengde;      gum-fêða stôp
+     lind-häbbendra.      Lâstas wæron
+     äfter wald-swaðum      wîde gesýne,
+1405 gang ofer grundas;      gegnum fôr þâ
+     ofer myrcan môr,      mago-þegna bär
+     þone sêlestan      sâwol-leásne,
+     þâra þe mid Hrôðgâre      hâm eahtode.
+     Ofer-eode þâ      äðelinga bearn
+1410 steáp stân-hliðo,      stîge nearwe,
+     enge ân-paðas,      un-cûð gelâd,
+     neowle nässas,      nicor-hûsa fela;
+     he feára sum      beforan gengde
+     wîsra monna,      wong sceáwian,
+1415 ôð þät he færinga      fyrgen-beámas
+     ofer hârne stân      hleonian funde,
+     wyn-leásne wudu;      wäter under stôd
+     dreórig and gedrêfed.      Denum eallum wäs,
+     winum Scyldinga,      weorce on môde,
+1420 tô geþolianne      þegne monegum,
+     oncýð eorla gehwæm,      syððan Äsc-heres
+     on þam holm-clife      hafelan mêtton.
+     Flôd blôde weól      (folc tô sægon)
+     hâtan heolfre.      Horn stundum song
+1425 fûslîc fyrd-leóð.      Fêða eal gesät;
+     gesâwon þâ äfter wätere      wyrm-cynnes fela,
+     sellîce sæ-dracan      sund cunnian,
+     swylce on näs-hleoðum      nicras licgean,
+     þâ on undern-mæl      oft bewitigað
+1430 sorh-fulne sîð      on segl-râde,
+     wyrmas and wil-deór;      hie on weg hruron
+     bitere and gebolgne,      bearhtm ongeâton,
+     gûð-horn galan.      Sumne Geáta leód
+     of flân-bogan      feores getwæfde,
+1435 ýð-gewinnes,      þät him on aldre stôd
+     here-stræl hearda;      he on holme wäs
+     sundes þe sænra,      þe hyne swylt fornam.
+     Hräðe wearð on ýðum      mid eofer-spreótum
+     heoro-hôcyhtum      hearde genearwod,
+1440 nîða genæged      and on näs togen
+     wundorlîc wæg-bora;      weras sceáwedon
+     gryrelîcne gist.      Gyrede hine Beówulf
+     eorl-gewædum,      nalles for ealdre mearn:
+     scolde here-byrne      hondum gebroden,
+1445 sîd and searo-fâh,      sund cunnian,
+     seó þe bân-côfan      beorgan cûðe,
+     þät him hilde-grâp      hreðre ne mihte,
+     eorres inwit-feng,      aldre gesceððan;
+     ac se hwîta helm      hafelan werede,
+1450 se þe mere-grundas      mengan scolde,
+     sêcan sund-gebland      since geweorðad,
+     befongen freá-wrâsnum,      swâ hine fyrn-dagum
+     worhte wæpna smið,      wundrum teóde,
+     besette swîn-lîcum,      þät hine syððan nô
+1455 brond ne beado-mêcas      bîtan ne meahton.
+     Näs þät þonne mætost      mägen-fultuma,
+     þät him on þearfe lâh      þyle Hrôðgâres;
+     wäs þäm häft-mêce      Hrunting nama,
+     þät wäs ân foran      eald-gestreóna;
+1460 ecg wäs îren      âter-teárum fâh,
+     âhyrded heaðo-swâte;      næfre hit ät hilde ne swâc
+     manna ængum      þâra þe hit mid mundum bewand,
+     se þe gryre-sîðas      gegân dorste,
+     folc-stede fâra;      näs þät forma sîð,
+1465 þät hit ellen-weorc      äfnan scolde.
+     Hûru ne gemunde      mago Ecglâfes
+     eafoðes cräftig,      þät he ær gespräc
+     wîne druncen,      þâ he þäs wæpnes onlâh
+     sêlran sweord-frecan:      selfa ne dorste
+1470 under ýða gewin      aldre genêðan,
+     driht-scype dreógan;      þær he dôme forleás,
+     ellen-mærðum.      Ne wäs þäm ôðrum swâ,
+     syððan he hine tô gûðe      gegyred häfde.
+
+
+XXIII. THE BATTLE WITH THE WATER-DRAKE.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+1475 "geþenc nu, se mæra      maga Healfdenes,
+     "snottra fengel,      nu ic eom sîðes fûs,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      hwät wit geó spræcon,
+     "gif ic ät þearfe      þînre scolde
+     "aldre linnan,      þät þu me â wære
+1480 "forð-gewitenum      on fäder stäle;
+     "wes þu mund-bora mînum      mago-þegnum,
+     "hond-gesellum,      gif mec hild nime:
+     "swylce þu þâ mâdmas,      þe þu me sealdest,
+     "Hrôðgâr leófa,      Higelâce onsend.
+1485 "Mäg þonne on þäm golde ongitan      Geáta dryhten,
+     "geseón sunu Hrêðles,      þonne he on þät sinc starað,
+     "þät ic gum-cystum      gôdne funde
+     "beága bryttan,      breác þonne môste.
+     "And þu Ûnferð læt      ealde lâfe,
+1490 "wrätlîc wæg-sweord      wîd-cûðne man
+     "heard-ecg habban;      ic me mid Hruntinge
+     "dôm gewyrce,      oððe mec deáð nimeð."
+     Äfter þæm wordum      Weder-Geáta leód
+     êfste mid elne,      nalas andsware
+1495 bîdan wolde;      brim-wylm onfêng
+     hilde-rince.      Þâ wäs hwîl däges,
+     ær he þone grund-wong      ongytan mehte.
+     Sôna þät onfunde,      se þe flôda begong
+     heoro-gîfre beheóld      hund missera,
+1500 grim and grædig,      þät þær gumena sum
+     äl-wihta eard      ufan cunnode.
+     Grâp þâ tôgeánes,      gûð-rinc gefêng
+     atolan clommum;      nô þý ær in gescôd
+     hâlan lîce:      hring ûtan ymb-bearh,
+1505 þät heó þone fyrd-hom      þurh-fôn ne mihte,
+     locene leoðo-syrcan      lâðan fingrum.
+     Bär þâ seó brim-wylf,      þâ heó tô botme com,
+     hringa þengel      tô hofe sînum,
+     swâ he ne mihte nô      (he þäs môdig wäs)
+1510 wæpna gewealdan,      ac hine wundra þäs fela
+     swencte on sunde,      sæ-deór monig
+     hilde-tuxum      here-syrcan bräc,
+     êhton aglæcan.      Þâ se eorl ongeat,
+     þät he in nið-sele      nât-hwylcum wäs,
+1515 þær him nænig wäter      wihte ne sceðede,
+     ne him for hrôf-sele      hrînan ne mehte
+     fær-gripe flôdes:      fýr-leóht geseah,
+     blâcne leóman      beorhte scînan.
+     Ongeat þâ se gôda      grund-wyrgenne,
+1520 mere-wîf mihtig;      mägen-ræs forgeaf
+     hilde-bille,      hond swenge ne ofteáh,
+     þät hire on hafelan      hring-mæl âgôl
+     grædig gûð-leóð.      Þâ se gist onfand,
+     þät se beado-leóma      bîtan nolde,
+1525 aldre sceððan,      ac seó ecg geswâc
+     þeódne ät þearfe:      þolode ær fela
+     hond-gemôta,      helm oft gescär,
+     fæges fyrd-hrägl:      þät wäs forma sîð
+     deórum mâðme,      þät his dôm âläg.
+1530 Eft wäs ân-ræd,      nalas elnes lät,
+     mærða gemyndig      mæg Hygelâces;
+     wearp þâ wunden-mæl      wrättum gebunden
+     yrre oretta,      þät hit on eorðan läg,
+     stîð and stýl-ecg;      strenge getrûwode,
+1535 mund-gripe mägenes.      Swâ sceal man dôn,
+     þonne he ät gûðe      gegân þenceð
+     longsumne lof,      nâ ymb his lîf cearað.
+     Gefêng þâ be eaxle      (nalas for fæhðe mearn)
+     Gûð-Geáta leód      Grendles môdor;
+1540 brägd þâ beadwe heard,      þâ he gebolgen wäs,
+     feorh-genîðlan,      þät heó on flet gebeáh.
+     Heó him eft hraðe      and-leán forgeald
+     grimman grâpum      and him tôgeánes fêng;
+     oferwearp þâ wêrig-môd      wîgena strengest,
+1545 fêðe-cempa,      þät he on fylle wearð.
+     Ofsät þâ þone sele-gyst      and hyre seaxe geteáh,
+     brâd and brûn-ecg      wolde hire bearn wrecan,
+     ângan eaferan.      Him on eaxle läg
+     breóst-net broden;      þät gebearh feore,
+1550 wið ord and wið ecge      ingang forstôd.
+     Häfde þâ forsîðod      sunu Ecgþeówes
+     under gynne grund,      Geáta cempa,
+     nemne him heaðo-byrne      helpe gefremede,
+     here-net hearde,      and hâlig god
+1555 geweóld wîg-sigor,      witig drihten;
+     rodera rædend      hit on ryht gescêd,
+     ýðelîce      syððan he eft âstôd.
+
+
+XXIV. BEÓWULF SLAYS THE SPRITE.
+
+     Geseah þâ on searwum      sige-eádig bil,
+     eald sweord eotenisc      ecgum þyhtig,
+1560 wîgena weorð-mynd:      þät wäs wæpna cyst,
+     bûton hit wäs mâre      þonne ænig mon ôðer
+     tô beadu-lâce      ätberan meahte
+     gôd and geatolîc      giganta geweorc.
+     He gefêng þâ fetel-hilt,      freca Scildinga,
+1565 hreóh and heoro-grim      hring-mæl gebrägd,
+     aldres orwêna,      yrringa slôh,
+     þät hire wið halse      heard grâpode,
+     bân-hringas bräc,      bil eal þurh-wôd
+     fægne flæsc-homan,      heó on flet gecrong;
+1570 sweord wäs swâtig,      secg weorce gefeh.
+     Lixte se leóma,      leóht inne stôd,
+     efne swâ of hefene      hâdre scîneð
+     rodores candel.      He äfter recede wlât,
+     hwearf þâ be wealle,      wæpen hafenade
+1575 heard be hiltum      Higelâces þegn,
+     yrre and ân-ræd.      Näs seó ecg fracod
+     hilde-rince,      ac he hraðe wolde
+     Grendle forgyldan      gûð-ræsa fela
+     þâra þe he geworhte      tô West-Denum
+1580 oftor micle      þonne on ænne sîð,
+     þonne he Hrôðgâres      heorð-geneátas
+     slôh on sweofote,      slæpende frät
+     folces Denigea      fýf-tyne men
+     and ôðer swylc      ût of-ferede,
+1585 lâðlîcu lâc.      He him þäs leán forgeald,
+     rêðe cempa,      tô þäs þe he on räste geseah
+     gûð-wêrigne      Grendel licgan,
+     aldor-leásne,      swâ him ær gescôd
+     hild ät Heorote;      hrâ wîde sprong,
+1590 syððan he äfter deáðe      drepe þrowade,
+     heoro-sweng heardne,      and hine þâ heáfde becearf,
+     Sôna þät gesâwon      snottre ceorlas,
+     þâ þe mid Hrôðgâre      on holm wliton,
+     þät wäs ýð-geblond      eal gemenged,
+1595 brim blôde fâh:      blonden-feaxe
+     gomele ymb gôdne      ongeador spræcon,
+     þät hig þäs äðelinges      eft ne wêndon,
+     þät he sige-hrêðig      sêcean côme
+     mærne þeóden;      þâ þäs monige gewearð,
+1600 þät hine seó brim-wylf      âbroten häfde.
+     Þâ com nôn däges.      Näs ofgeâfon
+     hwate Scyldingas; gewât him hâm þonon
+     gold-wine gumena.      Gistas sêtan,
+     môdes seóce,      and on mere staredon,
+1605 wiston and ne wêndon,      þät hie heora wine-drihten
+     selfne gesâwon.      Þâ þät sweord ongan
+     äfter heaðo-swâte      hilde-gicelum
+     wîg-bil wanian;      þät wäs wundra sum,
+     þät hit eal gemealt      îse gelîcost,
+1610 þonne forstes bend      fäder onlæteð,
+     onwindeð wäl-râpas,      se þe geweald hafað
+     sæla and mæla;      þät is sôð metod.
+     Ne nom he in þæm wîcum,      Weder-Geáta leód,
+     mâðm-æhta mâ,      þêh he þær monige geseah,
+1615 bûton þone hafelan      and þâ hilt somod,
+     since fâge;      sweord ær gemealt,
+     forbarn broden mæl:      wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât,
+     ættren ellor-gæst,      se þær inne swealt.
+     Sôna wäs on sunde,      se þe ær ät säcce gebâd
+1620 wîg-hryre wrâðra,      wäter up þurh-deáf;
+     wæron ýð-gebland      eal gefælsod,
+     eácne eardas,      þâ se ellor-gâst
+     oflêt lîf-dagas      and þâs lænan gesceaft.
+     Com þâ tô lande      lid-manna helm
+1625 swîð-môd swymman,      sæ-lâce gefeah,
+     mägen-byrðenne      þâra þe he him mid häfde.
+     Eodon him þâ tôgeánes,      gode þancodon,
+     þryðlîc þegna heáp,      þeódnes gefêgon,
+     þäs þe hi hyne gesundne      geseón môston.
+1630 Þâ wäs of þäm hrôran      helm and byrne
+     lungre âlýsed:      lagu drusade,
+     wäter under wolcnum,      wäl-dreóre fâg.
+     Fêrdon forð þonon      fêðe-lâstum
+     ferhðum fägne,      fold-weg mæton,
+1635 cûðe stræte;      cyning-balde men
+     from þäm holm-clife      hafelan bæron
+     earfoðlîce      heora æghwäðrum
+     fela-môdigra:      feówer scoldon
+     on ðäm wäl-stenge      weorcum geferian
+1640 tô þäm gold-sele      Grendles heáfod,
+     ôð þät semninga      tô sele cômon
+     frome fyrd-hwate      feówer-tyne
+     Geáta gongan;      gum-dryhten mid
+     môdig on gemonge      meodo-wongas träd.
+1645 Þâ com in gân      ealdor þegna,
+     dæd-cêne mon      dôme gewurðad,
+     häle hilde-deór.      Hrôðgâr grêtan:
+     Þâ wäs be feaxe      on flet boren
+     Grendles heáfod,      þær guman druncon,
+1650 egeslîc for eorlum      and þære idese mid:
+     wlite-seón wrätlîc      weras onsâwon.
+
+
+XXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE: HE DISCOURSES.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Hwät! we þe þâs sæ-lâc,      sunu Healfdenes,
+     "leód Scyldinga,      lustum brôhton,
+1655 "tîres tô tâcne,      þe þu her tô lôcast.
+     "Ic þät unsôfte      ealdre gedîgde:
+     "wîge under wätere      weorc genêðde
+     "earfoðlîce,      ät-rihte wäs
+     "gûð getwæfed,      nymðe mec god scylde.
+1660 "Ne meahte ic ät hilde      mid Hruntinge
+     "wiht gewyrcan,      þeáh þät wæpen duge,
+     "ac me geûðe      ylda waldend,
+     "þät ic on wage geseah      wlitig hangian
+     "eald sweord eácen      (oftost wîsode
+1665 "winigea leásum)      þät ic þý wæpne gebräd.
+     "Ofslôh þâ ät þære säcce      (þâ me sæl âgeald)
+     "hûses hyrdas.      Þâ þät hilde-bil
+     "forbarn, brogden mæl,      swâ þät blôd gesprang,
+     "hâtost heaðo-swâta:      ic þät hilt þanan
+1670 "feóndum ätferede;      fyren-dæda wräc,
+     "deáð-cwealm Denigea,      swâ hit gedêfe wäs.
+     "Ic hit þe þonne gehâte,      þät þu on Heorote môst
+     "sorh-leás swefan      mid þînra secga gedryht,
+     "and þegna gehwylc      þînra leóda,
+1675 "duguðe and iogoðe,      þät þu him ondrædan ne þearft,
+     "þeóden Scyldinga,      on þâ healfe,
+     "aldor-bealu eorlum,      swâ þu ær dydest."
+     Þâ wäs gylden hilt      gamelum rince.
+     hârum hild-fruman,      on hand gyfen,
+1680 enta ær-geweorc,      hit on æht gehwearf
+     äfter deófla hryre      Denigea freán,
+     wundor-smiða geweorc,      and þâ þâs worold ofgeaf
+     grom-heort guma,      godes andsaca,
+     morðres scyldig,      and his môdor eác;
+1685 on geweald gehwearf      worold-cyninga
+     þäm sêlestan      be sæm tweónum
+     þâra þe on Sceden-igge      sceattas dælde.
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      hylt sceáwode,
+     ealde lâfe,      on þäm wäs ôr writen
+1690 fyrn-gewinnes:      syððan flôd ofslôh,
+     gifen geótende,      giganta cyn,
+     frêcne gefêrdon:      þät wäs fremde þeód
+     êcean dryhtne,      him þäs ende-leán
+     þurh wäteres wylm      waldend sealde.
+1695 Swâ wäs on þæm scennum      scîran goldes
+     þurh rûn-stafas      rihte gemearcod,
+     geseted and gesæd,      hwâm þät sweord geworht,
+     îrena cyst      ærest wære,
+     wreoðen-hilt and wyrm-fâh.      Þâ se wîsa spräc
+1700 sunu Healfdenes      (swîgedon ealle):
+     "Þät lâ mäg secgan,      se þe sôð and riht
+     "fremeð on folce,      (feor eal gemon
+     "eald êðel-weard),      þät þes eorl wære
+     "geboren betera!      Blæd is âræred
+1705 "geond wîd-wegas,      wine mîn Beówulf,
+     "þîn ofer þeóda gehwylce.      Eal þu hit geþyldum healdest,
+     "mägen mid môdes snyttrum.      Ic þe sceal mîne gelæstan
+     "freóde, swâ wit furðum spræcon;      þu scealt tô frôfre weorðan
+     "eal lang-twidig      leódum þînum,
+1710 "häleðum tô helpe.      Ne wearð Heremôd swâ
+     "eaforum Ecgwelan,      Âr-Scyldingum;
+     "ne geweôx he him tô willan,      ac tô wäl-fealle
+     "and tô deáð-cwalum      Deniga leódum;
+     "breát bolgen-môd      beód-geneátas,
+1715 "eaxl-gesteallan,      ôð þät he âna hwearf,
+     "mære þeóden.      mon-dreámum from:
+     "þeáh þe hine mihtig god      mägenes wynnum,
+     "eafeðum stêpte,      ofer ealle men
+     "forð gefremede,      hwäðere him on ferhðe greów
+1720 "breóst-hord blôd-reów:      nallas beágas geaf
+     "Denum äfter dôme;      dreám-leás gebâd,
+     "þät he þäs gewinnes      weorc þrowade,
+     "leód-bealo longsum.      Þu þe lær be þon,
+     "gum-cyste ongit!      ic þis gid be þe
+1725 "âwräc wintrum frôd.      Wundor is tô secganne,
+     "hû mihtig god      manna cynne
+     "þurh sîdne sefan      snyttru bryttað,
+     "eard and eorl-scipe,      he âh ealra geweald.
+     "Hwîlum he on lufan      læteð hworfan
+1730 "monnes môd-geþonc      mæran cynnes,
+     "seleð him on êðle      eorðan wynne,
+     "tô healdanne      hleó-burh wera,
+     "gedêð him swâ gewealdene      worolde dælas,
+     "sîde rîce,      þät he his selfa ne mäg
+1735 "for his un-snyttrum      ende geþencean;
+     "wunað he on wiste,      nô hine wiht dweleð,
+     "âdl ne yldo,      ne him inwit-sorh
+     "on sefan sweorceð,      ne gesacu ôhwær,
+     "ecg-hete eóweð,      ac him eal worold
+1740 "wendeð on willan;      he þät wyrse ne con,
+     "ôð þät him on innan      ofer-hygda dæl
+     "weaxeð and wridað,      þonne se weard swefeð,
+     "sâwele hyrde:      bið se slæp tô fäst,
+     "bisgum gebunden,      bona swîðe neáh,
+1745 "se þe of flân-bogan      fyrenum sceóteð.
+
+
+XXVI. THE DISCOURSE IS ENDED.--BEÓWULF PREPARES TO LEAVE.
+
+     "Þonne bið on hreðre      under helm drepen
+     "biteran stræle:      him bebeorgan ne con
+     "wom wundor-bebodum      wergan gâstes;
+     "þinceð him tô lytel,      þät he tô lange heóld,
+1750 "gýtsað grom-hydig,      nallas on gylp seleð
+     "fätte beágas      and he þâ forð-gesceaft
+     "forgyteð and forgýmeð,      þäs þe him ær god sealde
+     "wuldres waldend,      weorð-mynda dæl.
+     "Hit on ende-stäf      eft gelimpeð,
+1755 "þät se lîc-homa      læne gedreóseð,
+     "fæge gefealleð;      fêhð ôðer tô,
+     "se þe unmurnlîce      mâdmas dæleð,
+     "eorles ær-gestreón,      egesan ne gýmeð.
+     "Bebeorh þe þone bealo-nîð,      Beówulf leófa,
+1760 "secg se betsta,      and þe þät sêlre geceós,
+     "êce rædas;      oferhyda ne gým,
+     "mære cempa!      Nu is þînes mägnes blæd
+     "âne hwîle;      eft sôna bið,
+     "þät þec âdl oððe ecg      eafoðes getwæfeð,
+1765 "oððe fýres feng      oððe flôdes wylm,
+     "oððe gripe mêces      oððe gâres fliht,
+     "oððe atol yldo,      oððe eágena bearhtm
+     "forsiteð and forsworceð;      semninga bið,
+     "þät þec, dryht-guma,      deáð oferswýðeð.
+1770 "Swâ ic Hring-Dena      hund missera
+     "weóld under wolcnum,      and hig wîge beleác
+     "manigum mægða      geond þysne middan-geard,
+     "äscum and ecgum,      þät ic me ænigne
+     "under swegles begong      gesacan ne tealde.
+1775 "Hwät! me þäs on êðle      edwenden cwom,
+     "gyrn äfter gomene,      seoððan Grendel wearð,
+     "eald-gewinna,      in-genga mîn:
+     "ic þære sôcne      singales wäg
+     "môd-ceare micle.      Þäs sig metode þanc,
+1780 "êcean drihtne,      þäs þe ic on aldre gebâd,
+     "þät ic on þone hafelan      heoro-dreórigne
+     "ofer eald gewin      eágum starige!
+     "Gâ nu tô setle,      symbel-wynne dreóh
+     "wîgge weorðad:      unc sceal worn fela
+1785 "mâðma gemænra,      siððan morgen bið."
+     Geát wäs gläd-môd,      geóng sôna tô,
+     setles neósan,      swâ se snottra hêht.
+     Þâ wäs eft swâ ær      ellen-rôfum,
+     flet-sittendum      fägere gereorded
+1790 niówan stefne.      Niht-helm geswearc
+     deorc ofer dryht-gumum.      Duguð eal ârâs;
+     wolde blonden-feax      beddes neósan,
+     gamela Scylding.      Geát ungemetes wel,
+     rôfne rand-wîgan      restan lyste:
+1795 sôna him sele-þegn      sîðes wêrgum,
+     feorran-cundum      forð wîsade,
+     se for andrysnum      ealle beweotede
+     þegnes þearfe,      swylce þý dôgore
+     heáðo-lîðende      habban scoldon.
+1800 Reste hine þâ rûm-heort;      reced hlifade
+     geáp and gold-fâh,      gäst inne swäf,
+     ôð þät hrefn blaca      heofones wynne
+     blîð-heort bodode.      Þâ com beorht sunne
+     scacan ofer grundas;      scaðan onetton,
+1805 wæron äðelingas      eft tô leódum
+     fûse tô farenne,      wolde feor þanon
+     cuma collen-ferhð      ceóles neósan.
+     Hêht þâ se hearda      Hrunting beran,
+     sunu Ecglâfes,      hêht his sweord niman,
+1810 leóflîc îren;      sägde him þäs leánes þanc,
+     cwäð he þone gûð-wine      gôdne tealde,
+     wîg-cräftigne,      nales wordum lôg
+     mêces ecge:      þät wäs môdig secg.
+     And þâ sîð-frome      searwum gearwe
+1815 wîgend wæron,      eode weorð Denum
+     äðeling tô yppan,      þær se ôðer wäs
+     häle hilde-deór,      Hrôðgâr grêtte.
+
+
+XXVII. THE PARTING WORDS.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Nu we sæ-lîðend      secgan wyllað
+1820 "feorran cumene,      þät we fundiað
+     "Higelâc sêcan.      Wæron her tela
+     "willum bewenede;      þu ûs wel dohtest.
+     "Gif ic þonne on eorðan      ôwihte mäg
+     "þînre môd-lufan      mâran tilian,
+1825 "gumena dryhten,      þonne ic gyt dyde,
+     "gûð-geweorca      ic beó gearo sôna.
+     "Gif ic þät gefricge      ofer flôda begang,
+     "þät þec ymbe-sittend      egesan þýwað,
+     "swâ þec hetende      hwîlum dydon,
+1830 "ic þe þûsenda      þegna bringe,
+     "häleða tô helpe.      Ic on Higelâce wât,
+     "Geáta dryhten,      þeáh þe he geong sý,
+     "folces hyrde,      þät he mec fremman wile
+     "wordum and worcum,      þät ic þe wel herige,
+1835 "and þe tô geóce      gâr-holt bere
+     "mägenes fultum,      þær þe bið manna þearf;
+     "gif him þonne Hrêðrîc      tô hofum Geáta
+     "geþingeð, þeódnes bearn,      he mäg þær fela
+     "freónda findan:      feor-cýððe beóð
+1840 "sêlran gesôhte      þäm þe him selfa deáh."
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode      him on andsware:
+     "Þe þâ word-cwydas      wittig drihten
+     "on sefan sende!      ne hýrde ic snotorlîcor
+     "on swâ geongum feore      guman þingian:
+1845 "þu eart mägenes strang      and on môde frôd,
+     "wîs word-cwida.      Wên ic talige,
+     "gif þät gegangeð,      þät þe gâr nymeð,
+     "hild heoru-grimme      Hrêðles eaferan,
+     "âdl oððe îren      ealdor þînne,
+1850 "folces hyrde,      and þu þîn feorh hafast,
+     "þät þe Sæ-Geátas      sêlran näbben
+     "tô geceósenne      cyning ænigne,
+     "hord-weard häleða,      gif þu healdan wylt
+     "mâga rîce.      Me þîn môd-sefa
+1855 "lîcað leng swâ wel,      leófa Beówulf:
+     "hafast þu gefêred,      þät þâm folcum sceal,
+     "Geáta leódum      and Gâr-Denum
+     "sib gemænum      and sacu restan,
+     "inwit-nîðas,      þe hie ær drugon;
+1860 "wesan, þenden ic wealde      wîdan rîces,
+     "mâðmas gemæne,      manig ôðerne
+     "gôdum gegrêtan      ofer ganotes bäð;
+     "sceal hring-naca      ofer heáðu bringan
+     "lâc and luf-tâcen.      Ic þâ leóde wât
+1865 "ge wið feónd ge wið freónd      fäste geworhte
+     "æghwäs untæle      ealde wîsan."
+     Þâ git him eorla hleó      inne gesealde,
+     mago Healfdenes      mâðmas twelfe,
+     hêt hine mid þæm lâcum      leóde swæse
+1870 sêcean on gesyntum,      snûde eft cuman.
+     Gecyste þâ      cyning äðelum gôd,
+     þeóden Scildinga,      þegen betstan
+     and be healse genam;      hruron him teáras,
+     blonden-feaxum:      him wäs bega wên,
+1875 ealdum infrôdum,      ôðres swîðor,
+     þät hî seoððan      geseón môston
+     môdige on meðle.      Wäs him se man tô þon leóf,
+     þät he þone breóst-wylm      forberan ne mehte,
+     ac him on hreðre      hyge-bendum fäst
+1880 äfter deórum men      dyrne langað
+     beorn wið blôde.      Him Beówulf þanan,
+     gûð-rinc gold-wlanc      gräs-moldan träd,
+     since hrêmig:      sæ-genga bâd
+     âgend-freán,      se þe on ancre râd.
+1885 Þâ wäs on gange      gifu Hrôðgâres
+     oft geæhted:      þät wäs ân cyning
+     æghwäs orleahtre,      ôð þät hine yldo benam
+     mägenes wynnum,      se þe oft manegum scôd.
+
+
+XXVIII. BEÓWULF RETURNS TO GEATLAND.--THE QUEENS HYGD AND THRYTHO.
+
+     Cwom þâ tô flôde      fela-môdigra
+1890 häg-stealdra heáp;      hring-net bæron,
+     locene leoðo-syrcan.      Land-weard onfand
+     eft-sîð eorla,      swâ he ær dyde;
+     nô he mid hearme      of hliðes nosan
+     gästas grêtte,      ac him tôgeánes râd;
+1895 cwäð þät wilcuman      Wedera leódum
+     scawan scîr-hame      tô scipe fôron.
+     Þâ wäs on sande      sæ-geáp naca
+     hladen here-wædum,      hringed-stefna
+     mearum and mâðmum:      mäst hlifade
+1900 ofer Hrôðgâres      hord-gestreónum.
+     He þäm bât-wearde      bunden golde
+     swurd gesealde,      þät he syððan wäs
+     on meodu-bence      mâðme þý weorðra,
+     yrfe-lâfe.      Gewât him on ýð-nacan,
+1905 drêfan deóp wäter,      Dena land ofgeaf.
+     Þâ wäs be mäste      mere-hrägla sum,
+     segl sâle fäst.      Sund-wudu þunede,
+     nô þær wêg-flotan      wind ofer ýðum
+     sîðes getwæfde;      sæ-genga fôr,
+1910 fleát fâmig-heals      forð ofer ýðe,
+     bunden-stefna      ofer brim-streámas,
+     þät hie Geáta clifu      ongitan meahton,
+     cûðe nässas.      Ceól up geþrang,
+     lyft-geswenced      on lande stôd.
+1915 Hraðe wäs ät holme      hýð-weard gearo,
+     se þe ær lange tîd,      leófra manna
+     fûs, ät faroðe      feor wlâtode;
+     sælde tô sande      sîd-fäðme scip
+     oncer-bendum fäst,      þý läs hym ýða þrym
+1920 wudu wynsuman      forwrecan meahte.
+     Hêt þâ up beran      äðelinga gestreón,
+     frätwe and fät-gold;      näs him feor þanon
+     tô gesêcanne      sinces bryttan:
+     Higelâc Hrêðling      þær ät hâm wunað,
+1925 selfa mid gesîðum      sæ-wealle neáh;
+     bold wäs betlîc,      brego-rôf cyning,
+     heá on healle,      Hygd swîðe geong,
+     wîs, wel-þungen,      þeáh þe wintra lyt
+     under burh-locan      gebiden häbbe
+1930 Häreðes dôhtor:      näs hió hnâh swâ þeáh,
+     ne tô gneáð gifa      Geáta leódum,
+     mâðm-gestreóna.      Mod Þryðo wäg,
+     fremu folces cwên,      firen ondrysne:
+     nænig þät dorste      deór genêðan
+1935 swæsra gesîða,      nefne sin-freá,
+     þät hire an däges      eágum starede;
+     ac him wäl-bende      weotode tealde,
+     hand-gewriðene:      hraðe seoððan wäs
+     äfter mund-gripe      mêce geþinged,
+1940 þät hit sceaðen-mæl      scyran môste,
+     cwealm-bealu cýðan.      Ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw
+     idese tô efnanne,      þeáh þe hió ænlîcu sý,
+     þätte freoðu-webbe      feores onsäce
+     äfter lîge-torne      leófne mannan.
+1945 Hûru þät onhôhsnode      Heminges mæg;
+     ealo drincende      ôðer sædan,
+     þät hió leód-bealewa      läs gefremede,
+     inwit-nîða,      syððan ærest wearð
+     gyfen gold-hroden      geongum cempan,
+1950 äðelum dióre,      syððan hió Offan flet
+     ofer fealone flôd      be fäder lâre
+     sîðe gesôhte,      þær hió syððan wel
+     in gum-stôle,      gôde mære,
+     lîf-gesceafta      lifigende breác,
+1955 hióld heáh-lufan      wið häleða brego,
+     ealles mon-cynnes      mîne gefræge
+     þone sêlestan      bî sæm tweónum
+     eormen-cynnes;      forþam Offa wäs
+     geofum and gûðum      gâr-cêne man,
+1960 wîde geweorðod;      wîsdôme heóld
+     êðel sînne,      þonon Eómær wôc
+     häleðum tô helpe,      Heminges mæg,
+     nefa Gârmundes,      nîða cräftig.
+
+
+XXIX. HIS ARRIVAL. HYGELAC'S RECEPTION.
+
+     Gewât him þâ se hearda      mid his hond-scole
+1965 sylf äfter sande      sæ-wong tredan,
+     wîde waroðas.      Woruld-candel scân,
+     sigel sûðan fûs:      hî sîð drugon,
+     elne geeodon,      tô þäs þe eorla hleó,
+     bonan Ongenþeówes      burgum on innan,
+1970 geongne gûð-cyning      gôdne gefrunon
+     hringas dælan.      Higelâce wäs
+     sîð Beówulfes      snûde gecýðed,
+     þät þær on worðig      wîgendra hleó,
+     lind-gestealla      lifigende cwom,
+1975 heaðo-lâces hâl      tô hofe gongan.
+     Hraðe wäs gerýmed,      swâ se rîca bebeád,
+     fêðe-gestum      flet innan-weard.
+     Gesät þâ wið sylfne,      se þâ säcce genäs,
+     mæg wið mæge,      syððan man-dryhten
+1980 þurh hleóðor-cwyde      holdne gegrêtte
+     meaglum wordum.      Meodu-scencum
+     hwearf geond þät reced      Häreðes dôhtor:
+     lufode þâ leóde,      lîð-wæge bär
+     hælum tô handa.      Higelâc ongan
+1985 sînne geseldan      in sele þam heán
+     fägre fricgean,      hyne fyrwet bräc,
+     hwylce Sæ-Geáta      sîðas wæron:
+     "Hû lomp eów on lâde,      leófa Biówulf,
+     "þâ þu færinga      feorr gehogodest,
+1990 "säcce sêcean      ofer sealt wäter,
+     "hilde tô Hiorote?      Ac þu Hrôðgâre
+     "wîd-cûðne weán      wihte gebêttest,
+     "mærum þeódne?      Ic þäs môd-ceare
+     "sorh-wylmum seáð,      sîðe ne trûwode
+1995 "leófes mannes;      ic þe lange bäd,
+     "þät þu þone wäl-gæst      wihte ne grêtte,
+     "lête Sûð-Dene      sylfe geweorðan
+     "gûðe wið Grendel.      Gode ic þanc secge,
+     "þäs þe ic þe gesundne      geseón môste."
+2000 Biówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþiówes:
+     "Þät is undyrne,      dryhten Higelâc,
+     "mære gemêting      monegum fira,
+     "hwylc orleg-hwîl      uncer Grendles
+     "wearð on þam wange,      þær he worna fela
+2005 "Sige-Scildingum      sorge gefremede,
+     "yrmðe tô aldre;      ic þät eal gewräc,
+     "swâ ne gylpan þearf      Grendeles mâga
+     "ænig ofer eorðan      uht-hlem þone,
+     "se þe lengest leofað      lâðan cynnes,
+2010 "fenne bifongen.      Ic þær furðum cwom,
+     "tô þam hring-sele      Hrôðgâr grêtan:
+     "sôna me se mæra      mago Healfdenes,
+     "syððan he môd-sefan      mînne cûðe,
+     "wið his sylfes sunu      setl getæhte.
+2015 "Weorod wäs on wynne;      ne seah ic wîdan feorh
+     "under heofenes hwealf      heal-sittendra
+     "medu-dreám mâran.      Hwîlum mæru cwên,
+     "friðu-sibb folca      flet eall geond-hwearf,
+     "bædde byre geonge;      oft hió beáh-wriðan
+2020 "secge sealde,      ær hió tô setle geóng.
+     "Hwîlum for duguðe      dôhtor Hrôðgâres
+     "eorlum on ende      ealu-wæge bär,
+     "þâ ic Freáware      flet-sittende
+     "nemnan hýrde,      þær hió nägled sinc
+2025 "häleðum sealde:      sió gehâten wäs,
+     "geong gold-hroden,      gladum suna Frôdan;
+     "hafað þäs geworden      wine Scyldinga
+     "rîces hyrde      and þät ræd talað,
+     "þät he mid þý wîfe      wäl-fæhða dæl,
+2030 "säcca gesette.      Oft nô seldan hwær
+     "äfter leód-hryre      lytle hwîle
+     "bon-gâr bûgeð,      þeáh seó brýd duge!
+
+
+XXX. BEÓWULF'S STORY OF THE SLAYINGS.
+
+     "Mäg þäs þonne ofþyncan      þeóden Heaðobeardna
+     "and þegna gehwâm      þâra leóda,
+2035 "þonne he mid fæmnan      on flett gæð,
+     "dryht-bearn Dena      duguða biwenede:
+     "on him gladiað      gomelra lâfe
+     "heard and hring-mæl,      Heaðobeardna gestreón,
+     "þenden hie þâm wæpnum      wealdan môston,
+2040 "ôð þät hie forlæddan      tô þam lind-plegan
+     "swæse gesîðas      ond hyra sylfra feorh.
+     "Þonne cwið ät beóre,      se þe beáh gesyhð,
+     "eald äsc-wîga,      se þe eall geman
+     "gâr-cwealm gumena      (him bið grim sefa),
+2045 "onginneð geômor-môd      geongne cempan
+     "þurh hreðra gehygd      higes cunnian,
+     "wîg-bealu weccean      and þät word âcwyð:
+     "'Meaht þu, mîn wine,      mêce gecnâwan,
+     "'þone þin fäder      tô gefeohte bär
+2050 "'under here-grîman      hindeman sîðe,
+     "'dýre îren,      þær hyne Dene slôgon,
+     "'weóldon wäl-stôwe,      syððan wiðer-gyld läg,
+     "'äfter häleða hryre,      hwate Scyldungas?
+     "'Nu her þâra banena      byre nât-hwylces,
+2055 "'frätwum hrêmig      on flet gæð,
+     "'morðres gylpeð      and þone mâððum byreð,
+     "'þone þe þu mid rihte      rædan sceoldest!'"
+     "Manað swâ and myndgað      mæla gehwylce
+     "sârum wordum,      ôð þät sæl cymeð,
+2060 "þät se fæmnan þegn      fore fäder dædum
+     "äfter billes bite      blôd-fâg swefeð,
+     "ealdres scyldig;      him se ôðer þonan
+     "losað lifigende,      con him land geare.
+     "Þonne bióð brocene      on bâ healfe
+2065 "âð-sweord eorla;      syððan Ingelde
+     "weallað wäl-nîðas      and him wîf-lufan
+     "äfter cear-wälmum      côlran weorðað.
+     "Þý ic Heaðobeardna      hyldo ne telge,
+     "dryht-sibbe dæl      Denum unfæcne,
+2070 "freónd-scipe fästne.      Ic sceal forð sprecan
+     "gen ymbe Grendel,      þät þu geare cunne,
+     "sinces brytta,      tô hwan syððan wearð
+     "hond-ræs häleða.      Syððan heofones gim
+     "glâd ofer grundas,      gäst yrre cwom,
+2075 "eatol æfen-grom,      ûser neósan,
+     "þær we gesunde      säl weardodon;
+     "þær wäs Hondsció      hild onsæge,
+     "feorh-bealu fægum,      he fyrmest läg,
+     "gyrded cempa;      him Grendel wearð,
+2080 "mærum magu-þegne      tô mûð-bonan,
+     "leófes mannes      lîc eall forswealg.
+     "Nô þý ær ût þâ gen      îdel-hende
+     "bona blôdig-tôð      bealewa gemyndig,
+     "of þam gold-sele      gongan wolde,
+2085 "ac he mägnes rôf      mîn costode,
+     "grâpode gearo-folm.      Glôf hangode
+     "sîd and syllîc      searo-bendum fäst,
+     "sió wäs orþoncum      eall gegyrwed
+     "deófles cräftum      and dracan fellum:
+2090 "he mec þær on innan      unsynnigne,
+     "diór dæd-fruma,      gedôn wolde,
+     "manigra sumne:      hyt ne mihte swâ,
+     "syððan ic on yrre      upp-riht âstôd.
+     "Tô lang ys tô reccenne,      hû ic þam leód-sceaðan
+2095 "yfla gehwylces      ond-leán forgeald;
+     "þær ic, þeóden mîn,      þîne leóde
+     "weorðode weorcum.      He on weg losade,
+     "lytle hwîle      lîf-wynna breác;
+     "hwäðre him sió swîðre      swaðe weardade
+2100 "hand on Hiorte      and he heán þonan,
+     "môdes geômor      mere-grund gefeóll.
+     "Me þone wäl-ræs      wine Scildunga
+     "fättan golde      fela leánode,
+     "manegum mâðmum,      syððan mergen com
+2105 "and we tô symble      geseten häfdon.
+     "Þær wäs gidd and gleó;      gomela Scilding
+     "fela fricgende      feorran rehte;
+     "hwîlum hilde-deór      hearpan wynne,
+     "gomen-wudu grêtte;      hwîlum gyd âwräc
+2110 "sôð and sârlîc;      hwîlum syllîc spell
+     "rehte äfter rihte      rûm-heort cyning.
+     "Hwîlum eft ongan      eldo gebunden,
+     "gomel gûð-wîga      gioguðe cwîðan
+     "hilde-strengo;      hreðer inne weóll,
+2115 "þonne he wintrum frôd      worn gemunde.
+     "Swâ we þær inne      andlangne däg
+     "nióde nâman,      ôð þät niht becwom
+     "ôðer tô yldum.      Þâ wäs eft hraðe
+     "gearo gyrn-wräce      Grendeles môdor,
+2120 "sîðode sorh-full;      sunu deáð fornam,
+     "wîg-hete Wedra.      Wîf unhýre
+     "hyre bearn gewräc,      beorn âcwealde
+     "ellenlîce;      þær wäs Äsc-here,
+     "frôdan fyrn-witan,      feorh ûðgenge;
+2125 "nôðer hy hine ne môston,      syððan mergen cwom,
+     "deáð-wêrigne      Denia leóde
+     "bronde forbärnan,      ne on bæl hladan
+     "leófne mannan:      hió þät lîc ätbär
+     "feóndes fäðmum      under firgen-streám.
+2130 "Þät wäs Hrôðgâre      hreówa tornost
+     "þâra þe leód-fruman      lange begeâte;
+     "þâ se þeóden mec      þîne lîfe
+     "healsode hreóh-môd,      þät ic on holma geþring
+     "eorl-scipe efnde,      ealdre genêðde,
+2135 "mærðo fremede:      he me mêde gehêt.
+     "Ic þâ þäs wälmes,      þe is wîde cûð,
+     "grimne gryrelîcne      grund-hyrde fond.
+     "Þær unc hwîle wäs      hand gemæne;
+     "holm heolfre weóll      and ic heáfde becearf
+2140 "in þam grund-sele      Grendeles môdor
+     "eácnum ecgum,      unsôfte þonan
+     "feorh ôðferede;      näs ic fæge þâ gyt,
+     "ac me eorla hleó      eft gesealde
+     "mâðma menigeo,      maga Healfdenes.
+
+
+XXXI. HE GIVES PRESENTS TO HYGELAC. HYGELAC REWARDS HIM. HYGELAC'S DEATH.
+      BEÓWULF REIGNS.
+
+2145 "Swâ se þeód-kyning      þeáwum lyfde;
+     "nealles ic þâm leánum      forloren häfde,
+     "mägnes mêde,      ac he me mâðmas geaf,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      on sînne sylfes dôm;
+     "þâ ic þe, beorn-cyning,      bringan wylle,
+2150 "êstum geýwan.      Gen is eall ät þe
+     "lissa gelong:      ic lyt hafo
+     "heáfod-mâga,      nefne Hygelâc þec!"
+     Hêt þâ in beran      eafor, heáfod-segn,
+     heaðo-steápne helm,      hâre byrnan,
+2155 gûð-sweord geatolîc,      gyd äfter wräc:
+     "Me þis hilde-sceorp      Hrôðgâr sealde,
+     "snotra fengel,      sume worde hêt,
+     "þät ic his ærest      þe eft gesägde,
+     "cwäð þät hyt häfde      Hiorogâr cyning,
+2160 "leód Scyldunga      lange hwîle:
+     "nô þý ær suna sînum      syllan wolde,
+     "hwatum Heorowearde,      þeáh he him hold wære,
+     "breóst-gewædu.      Brûc ealles well!"
+     Hýrde ic þät þâm frätwum      feówer mearas
+2165 lungre gelîce      lâst weardode,
+     äppel-fealuwe;      he him êst geteáh
+     meara and mâðma.      Swâ sceal mæg dôn,
+     nealles inwit-net      ôðrum bregdan,
+     dyrnum cräfte      deáð rênian
+2170 hond-gesteallan.      Hygelâce wäs,
+     nîða heardum,      nefa swýðe hold
+     and gehwäðer ôðrum      hrôðra gemyndig.
+     Hýrde ic þät he þone heals-beáh      Hygde gesealde,
+     wrätlîcne wundur-mâððum,      þone þe him Wealhþeó geaf,
+2175 þeódnes dôhtor,      þrió wicg somod
+     swancor and sadol-beorht;      hyre syððan wäs
+     äfter beáh-þege      breóst geweorðod.
+     Swâ bealdode      bearn Ecgþeówes,
+     guma gûðum cûð,      gôdum dædum,
+2180 dreáh äfter dôme,      nealles druncne slôg
+     heorð-geneátas;      näs him hreóh sefa,
+     ac he man-cynnes      mæste cräfte
+     gin-fästan gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     heóld hilde-deór.      Heán wäs lange,
+2185 swâ hyne Geáta bearn      gôdne ne tealdon,
+     ne hyne on medo-bence      micles wyrðne
+     drihten wereda      gedôn wolde;
+     swýðe oft sägdon,      þät he sleac wære,
+     äðeling unfrom:      edwenden cwom
+2190 tîr-eádigum menn      torna gehwylces.
+     Hêt þâ eorla hleó      in gefetian,
+     heaðo-rôf cyning,      Hrêðles lâfe,
+     golde gegyrede;      näs mid Geátum þâ
+     sinc-mâððum sêlra      on sweordes hâd;
+2195 þät he on Biówulfes      bearm âlegde,
+     and him gesealde      seofan þûsendo,
+     bold and brego-stôl.      Him wäs bâm samod
+     on þam leód-scipe      lond gecynde,
+     eard êðel-riht,      ôðrum swîðor
+2200 sîde rîce,      þam þær sêlra wäs.
+     Eft þät geiode      ufaran dôgrum
+     hilde-hlämmum,      syððan Hygelâc läg
+     and Heardrêde      hilde-mêceas
+     under bord-hreóðan      tô bonan wurdon,
+2205 þâ hyne gesôhtan      on sige-þeóde
+     hearde hilde-frecan,      Heaðo-Scilfingas,
+     nîða genægdan      nefan Hererîces.
+     Syððan Beówulfe      brâde rîce
+     on hand gehwearf:      he geheóld tela
+2210 fîftig wintru      (wäs þâ frôd cyning,
+     eald êðel-weard),      ôð þät ân ongan
+     deorcum nihtum      draca rîcsian,
+     se þe on heáre hæðe      hord beweotode,
+     stân-beorh steápne:      stîg under läg,
+2215 eldum uncûð.      Þær on innan gióng
+     niða nât-hwylces      neóde gefêng
+     hæðnum horde      hond . d . . geþ . . hwylc
+     since fâhne,      he þät syððan . . . . .
+     . . . þ . . . lð . þ . . l . g
+2220 slæpende be fýre,      fyrena hyrde
+     þeófes cräfte,      þät sie . . . . ðioð . . . . .
+     . idh . folc-beorn,      þät he gebolgen wäs.
+
+
+XXXII. THE FIRE-DRAKE. THE HOARD.
+
+     Nealles mid geweoldum      wyrm-horda . . . cräft
+     sôhte sylfes willum,      se þe him sâre gesceôd,
+2225 ac for þreá-nêdlan      þeów nât-hwylces
+     häleða bearna      hete-swengeas fleáh,
+     for ofer-þearfe      and þær inne fealh
+     secg syn-bysig.      Sôna in þâ tîde
+     þät . . . . . þam gyste      . . . . br . g . stôd,
+2230 hwäðre earm-sceapen . . . . . . .
+     . . ð . . . sceapen o . . . . i r . . e se fæs begeat,
+     sinc-fät geseah:      þær wäs swylcra fela
+     in þam eorð-scräfe      ær-gestreóna,
+     swâ hy on geâr-dagum      gumena nât-hwylc
+2235 eormen-lâfe      äðelan cynnes
+     þanc-hycgende      þær gehýdde,
+     deóre mâðmas.      Ealle hie deáð fornam
+     ærran mælum,      and se ân þâ gen
+     leóda duguðe,      se þær lengest hwearf,
+2240 weard wine-geômor      wîscte þäs yldan,
+     þät he lytel fäc      long-gestreóna
+     brûcan môste.      Beorh eal gearo
+     wunode on wonge      wäter-ýðum neáh,
+     niwe be nässe      nearo-cräftum fäst:
+2245 þær on innan bär      eorl-gestreóna
+     hringa hyrde      hard-fyrdne dæl
+     fättan goldes,      feá worda cwäð:
+     "Heald þu nu, hruse,      nu häleð ne môston,
+     "eorla æhte.      Hwät! hit ær on þe
+2250 "gôde begeâton;      gûð-deáð fornam,
+     "feorh-bealo frêcne      fyra gehwylcne,
+     "leóda mînra,      þâra þe þis lîf ofgeaf,
+     "gesâwon sele-dreám.      Nâh hwâ sweord wege
+     "oððe fetige      fäted wæge,
+2255 "drync-fät deóre:      duguð ellor scôc.
+     "Sceal se hearda helm      hyrsted golde
+     "fätum befeallen:      feormiend swefað,
+     "þâ þe beado-grîman      býwan sceoldon,
+     "ge swylce seó here-pâd,      sió ät hilde gebâd
+2260 "ofer borda gebräc      bite îrena,
+     "brosnað äfter beorne.      Ne mäg byrnan hring
+     "äfter wîg-fruman      wîde fêran
+     "häleðum be healfe;      näs hearpan wyn,
+     "gomen gleó-beámes,      ne gôd hafoc
+2265 "geond säl swingeð,      ne se swifta mearh
+     "burh-stede beáteð.      Bealo-cwealm hafað
+     "fela feorh-cynna      feorr onsended!"
+     Swâ giômor-môd      giohðo mænde,
+     ân äfter eallum      unblîðe hweóp,
+2270 däges and nihtes,      ôð þät deáðes wylm
+     hrân ät heortan.      Hord-wynne fond
+     eald uht-sceaða      opene standan,
+     se þe byrnende      biorgas sêceð
+     nacod nîð-draca,      nihtes fleógeð
+2275 fýre befangen;      hyne fold-bûend
+     wîde gesâwon.      He gewunian sceall
+     hlâw under hrusan,      þær he hæðen gold
+     warað wintrum frôd;      ne byð him wihte þê sêl.
+     Swâ se þeód-sceaða      þreó hund wintra
+2280 heóld on hrusan      hord-ärna sum
+     eácen-cräftig,      ôð þät hyne ân âbealh
+     mon on môde:      man-dryhtne bär
+     fäted wæge,      frioðo-wære bäd
+     hlâford sînne.      Þâ wäs hord râsod,
+2285 onboren beága hord,      bêne getîðad
+     feá-sceaftum men.      Freá sceáwode
+     fira fyrn-geweorc      forman sîðe.
+     Þâ se wyrm onwôc,      wrôht wäs geniwad;
+     stonc þâ äfter stâne,      stearc-heort onfand
+2290 feóndes fôt-lâst;      he tô forð gestôp,
+     dyrnan cräfte,      dracan heáfde neáh.
+     Swâ mäg unfæge      eáðe gedîgan
+     weán and wräc-sîð,      se þe waldendes
+     hyldo gehealdeð.      Hord-weard sôhte
+2295 georne äfter grunde,      wolde guman findan,
+     þone þe him on sweofote      sâre geteóde:
+     hât and hreóh-môd      hlæw oft ymbe hwearf,
+     ealne ûtan-weardne;      ne þær ænig mon
+     wäs on þære wêstenne.      Hwäðre hilde gefeh,
+2300 beado-weorces:      hwîlum on beorh äthwearf,
+     sinc-fät sôhte;      he þät sôna onfand,
+     þät häfde gumena sum      goldes gefandod
+     heáh-gestreóna.      Hord-weard onbâd
+     earfoðlîce,      ôð þät æfen cwom;
+2305 wäs þâ gebolgen      beorges hyrde,
+     wolde se lâða      lîge forgyldan
+     drinc-fät dýre.      Þâ wäs däg sceacen
+     wyrme on willan,      nô on wealle leng
+     bîdan wolde,      ac mid bæle fôr,
+2310 fýre gefýsed.      Wäs se fruma egeslîc
+     leódum on lande,      swâ hyt lungre wearð
+     on hyra sinc-gifan      sâre geendod.
+
+
+XXXIII. BEOWULF RESOLVES TO KILL THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     Þâ se gäst ongan      glêdum spîwan,
+     beorht hofu bärnan;      bryne-leóma stôd
+2315 eldum on andan;      nô þær âht cwices
+     lâð lyft-floga      læfan wolde.
+     Wäs þäs wyrmes wîg      wîde gesýne,
+     nearo-fâges nîð      neán and feorran,
+     hû se gûð-sceaða      Geáta leóde
+2320 hatode and hýnde:      hord eft gesceát,
+     dryht-sele dyrnne      ær däges hwîle.
+     Häfde land-wara      lîge befangen,
+     bæle and bronde;      beorges getrûwode,
+     wîges and wealles:      him seó wên geleáh.
+2325 Þâ wäs Biówulfe      brôga gecýðed
+     snûde tô sôðe,      þät his sylfes him
+     bolda sêlest      bryne-wylmum mealt,
+     gif-stôl Geáta.      Þät þam gôdan wäs
+     hreów on hreðre,      hyge-sorga mæst:
+2330 wênde se wîsa,      þät he wealdende,
+     ofer ealde riht,      êcean dryhtne
+     bitre gebulge:      breóst innan weóll
+     þeóstrum geþoncum,      swâ him geþýwe ne wäs.
+     Häfde lîg-draca      leóda fästen,
+2335 eá-lond ûtan,      eorð-weard þone
+     glêdum forgrunden.      Him þäs gûð-cyning,
+     Wedera þióden,      wräce leornode.
+     Hêht him þâ gewyrcean      wîgendra hleó
+     eall-îrenne,      eorla dryhten
+2340 wîg-bord wrätlîc;      wisse he gearwe,
+     þät him holt-wudu      helpan ne meahte,
+     lind wið lîge.      Sceolde læn-daga
+     äðeling ær-gôd      ende gebîdan
+     worulde lîfes      and se wyrm somod;
+2345 þeáh þe hord-welan      heólde lange.
+     Oferhogode þâ      hringa fengel,
+     þät he þone wîd-flogan      weorode gesôhte,
+     sîdan herge;      nô he him þâ säcce ondrêd,
+     ne him þäs wyrmes wîg      for wiht dyde,
+2350 eafoð and ellen;      forþon he ær fela
+     nearo nêðende      nîða gedîgde,
+     hilde-hlemma,      syððan he Hrôðgâres,
+     sigor-eádig secg,      sele fælsode
+     and ät gûðe forgrâp      Grendeles mægum,
+2355 lâðan cynnes.      Nô þät läsest wäs
+     hond-gemota,      þær mon Hygelâc slôh,
+     syððan Geáta cyning      gûðe ræsum,
+     freá-wine folces      Freslondum on,
+     Hrêðles eafora      hioro-dryncum swealt,
+2360 bille gebeáten;      þonan Biówulf com
+     sylfes cräfte,      sund-nytte dreáh;
+     + häfde him on earme      ... XXX
+     hilde-geatwa,      þâ he tô holme stâg.
+     Nealles Hetware      hrêmge þorfton
+2365 fêðe-wîges,      þe him foran ongeán
+     linde bæron:      lyt eft becwom
+     fram þam hild-frecan      hâmes niósan.
+     Oferswam þâ sióleða bigong      sunu Ecgþeówes,
+     earm ân-haga      eft tô leódum,
+2370 þær him Hygd gebeád      hord and rîce,
+     beágas and brego-stôl:      bearne ne trûwode,
+     þät he wið äl-fylcum      êðel-stôlas
+     healdan cûðe,      þâ wäs Hygelâc deád.
+     Nô þý ær feá-sceafte      findan meahton
+2375 ät þam äðelinge      ænige þinga,
+     þät he Heardrêde      hlâford wære,
+     oððe þone cyne-dôm      ciósan wolde;
+     hwäðre he him on folce      freónd-lârum heóld,
+     êstum mid âre,      ôð þät he yldra wearð,
+2380 Weder-Geátum weóld.      Hyne wräc-mäcgas
+     ofer sæ sôhtan,      suna Ôhteres:
+     häfdon hy forhealden      helm Scylfinga,
+     þone sêlestan      sæ-cyninga,
+     þâra þe in Swió-rîce      sinc brytnade,
+2385 mærne þeóden.      Him þät tô mearce wearð;
+     he þær orfeorme      feorh-wunde hleát
+     sweordes swengum,      sunu Hygelâces;
+     and him eft gewât      Ongenþiówes bearn
+     hâmes niósan,      syððan Heardrêd läg;
+2390 lêt þone brego-stôl      Biówulf healdan,
+     Geátum wealdan:      þät wäs gôd cyning.
+
+
+XXXIV. RETROSPECT OF BEÓWULF.--STRIFE BETWEEN SWEONAS AND GEATAS.
+
+     Se þäs leód-hryres      leán gemunde
+     uferan dôgrum,      Eádgilse wearð
+     feá-sceaftum feónd.      Folce gestepte
+2395 ofer sæ sîde      sunu Ôhteres
+     wîgum and wæpnum:      he gewräc syððan
+     cealdum cear-sîðum,      cyning ealdre bineát.
+     Swâ he nîða gehwane      genesen häfde,
+     slîðra geslyhta,      sunu Ecgþiówes,
+2400 ellen-weorca,      ôð þone ânne däg,
+     þe he wið þam wyrme      gewegan sceolde.
+     Gewât þâ twelfa sum      torne gebolgen
+     dryhten Geáta      dracan sceáwian;
+     häfde þâ gefrunen,      hwanan sió fæhð ârâs,
+2405 bealo-nîð biorna;      him tô bearme cwom
+     mâððum-fät mære      þurh þäs meldan hond,
+     Se wäs on þam þreáte      þreotteoða secg,
+     se þäs orleges      ôr onstealde,
+     häft hyge-giômor,      sceolde heán þonon
+2410 wong wîsian:      he ofer willan gióng
+     tô þäs þe he eorð-sele      ânne wisse,
+     hlæw under hrusan      holm-wylme nêh,
+     ýð-gewinne,      se wäs innan full
+     wrätta and wîra:      weard unhióre,
+2415 gearo gûð-freca,      gold-mâðmas heóld,
+     eald under eorðan;      näs þät ýðe ceáp,
+     tô gegangenne      gumena ænigum.
+     Gesät þâ on nässe      nîð-heard cyning,
+     þenden hælo âbeád      heorð-geneátum
+2420 gold-wine Geáta:      him wäs geômor sefa,
+     wäfre and wäl-fûs,      Wyrd ungemete neáh,
+     se þone gomelan      grêtan sceolde,
+     sêcean sâwle hord,      sundur gedælan
+     lîf wið lîce:      nô þon lange wäs
+2425 feorh äðelinges      flæsce bewunden.
+     Biówulf maðelade,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Fela ic on giogoðe      guð-ræsa genäs,
+     "orleg-hwîla:      ic þät eall gemon.
+     "Ic wäs syfan-wintre,      þâ mec sinca baldor,
+2430 "freá-wine folca      ät mînum fäder genam,
+     "heóld mec and häfde      Hrêðel cyning,
+     "geaf me sinc and symbel,      sibbe gemunde;
+     "näs ic him tô lîfe      lâðra ôwihte
+     "beorn in burgum,      þonne his bearna hwylc,
+2435 "Herebeald and Hæðcyn,      oððe Hygelâc mîn.
+     "Wäs þam yldestan      ungedêfelîce
+     "mæges dædum      morðor-bed strêd,
+     "syððan hyne Hæðcyn      of horn-bogan,
+     "his freá-wine      flâne geswencte,
+2440 "miste mercelses      and his mæg ofscêt,
+     "brôðor ôðerne,      blôdigan gâre:
+     "þät wäs feoh-leás gefeoht,      fyrenum gesyngad
+     "hreðre hyge-mêðe;      sceolde hwäðre swâ þeáh
+     "äðeling unwrecen      ealdres linnan.
+2445 "Swâ bið geômorlîc      gomelum ceorle
+     "tô gebîdanne,      þät his byre rîde
+     "giong on galgan,      þonne he gyd wrece,
+     "sârigne sang,      þonne his sunu hangað
+     "hrefne tô hrôðre      and he him helpe ne mäg,
+2450 "eald and in-frôd,      ænige gefremman.
+     "Symble bið gemyndgad      morna gehwylce
+     "eaforan ellor-sîð;      ôðres ne gýmeð
+     "tô gebîdanne      burgum on innan
+     "yrfe-weardes,      þonne se ân hafað
+2455 "þurh deáðes nýd      dæda gefondad.
+     "Gesyhð sorh-cearig      on his suna bûre
+     "wîn-sele wêstne,      wind-gereste,
+     "reóte berofene;      rîdend swefað
+     "häleð in hoðman;      nis þær hearpan swêg,
+2460 "gomen in geardum,      swylce þær iú wæron.
+
+
+XXXV. MEMORIES OF PAST TIME.--THE FEUD WITH THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     "Gewîteð þonne on sealman,      sorh-leóð gäleð
+     "ân äfter ânum:      þûhte him eall tô rûm,
+     "wongas and wîc-stede.      Swâ Wedra helm
+     "äfter Herebealde      heortan sorge
+2465 "weallende wäg,      wihte ne meahte
+     "on þam feorh-bonan      fæhðe gebêtan:
+     "nô þý ær he þone heaðo-rinc      hatian ne meahte
+     "lâðum dædum,      þeáh him leóf ne wäs.
+     "He þâ mid þære sorge,      þe him sió sâr belamp,
+2470 "gum-dreám ofgeaf,      godes leóht geceás;
+     "eaferum læfde,      swâ dêð eádig mon,
+     "lond and leód-byrig,      þâ he of lîfe gewât.
+     "Þâ wäs synn and sacu      Sweona and Geáta,
+     "ofer wîd wäter      wrôht gemæne,
+2175 "here-nîð hearda,      syððan Hrêðel swealt,
+     "oððe him Ongenþeówes      eaferan wæran
+     "frome fyrd-hwate,      freóde ne woldon
+     "ofer heafo healdan,      ac ymb Hreosna-beorh
+     "eatolne inwit-scear      oft gefremedon.
+2480 "Þät mæg-wine      mîne gewræcan,
+     "fæhðe and fyrene,      swâ hyt gefræge wäs,
+     "þeáh þe ôðer hit      ealdre gebohte,
+     "heardan ceápe:      Hæðcynne wearð,
+     "Geáta dryhtne,      gûð onsæge.
+2485 "Þâ ic on morgne gefrägn      mæg ôðerne
+     "billes ecgum      on bonan stælan,
+     "þær Ongenþeów      Eofores niósade:
+     "gûð-helm tôglâd,      gomela Scylfing
+     "hreás heoro-blâc;      hond gemunde
+2490 "fæhðo genôge,      feorh-sweng ne ofteáh.
+     "Ic him þâ mâðmas,      þe he me sealde,
+     "geald ät gûðe,      swâ me gifeðe wäs,
+     "leóhtan sweorde:      he me lond forgeaf,
+     "eard êðel-wyn.      Näs him ænig þearf,
+2495 "þät he tô Gifðum      oððe tô Gâr-Denum
+     "oððe in Swió-rîce      sêcean þurfe
+     "wyrsan wîg-frecan,      weorðe gecýpan;
+     "symle ic him on fêðan      beforan wolde,
+     "âna on orde,      and swâ tô aldre sceall
+2500 "säcce fremman,      þenden þis sweord þolað,
+     "þät mec ær and sîð      oft gelæste,
+     "syððan ic for dugeðum      Däghrefne wearð
+     "tô hand-bonan,      Hûga cempan:
+     "nalles he þâ frätwe      Fres-cyninge,
+2505 "breóst-weorðunge      bringan môste,
+     "ac in campe gecrong      cumbles hyrde,
+     "äðeling on elne.      Ne wäs ecg bona,
+     "ac him hilde-grâp      heortan wylmas,
+     "bân-hûs gebräc.      Nu sceall billes ecg,
+2510 "hond and heard sweord      ymb hord wîgan."
+     Beówulf maðelode,      beót-wordum spräc
+     niéhstan sîðe:      "Ic genêðde fela
+     "gûða on geogoðe;      gyt ic wylle,
+     "frôd folces weard,      fæhðe sêcan,
+2515 "mærðum fremman,      gif mec se mân-sceaða
+     "of eorð-sele      ût gesêceð!"
+     Gegrêtte þâ      gumena gehwylcne,
+     hwate helm-berend      hindeman sîðe,
+     swæse gesîðas:      "Nolde ic sweord beran,
+2520 "wæpen tô wyrme,      gif ic wiste hû
+     "wið þam aglæcean      elles meahte
+     "gylpe wiðgrîpan,      swâ ic gió wið Grendle dyde;
+     "ac ic þær heaðu-fýres      hâtes wêne,
+     "rêðes and-hâttres:      forþon ic me on hafu
+2525 "bord and byrnan.      Nelle ic beorges weard
+     "oferfleón fôtes trem,      feónd unhýre,
+     "ac unc sceal weorðan ät wealle,      swâ unc Wyrd geteóð,
+     "metod manna gehwäs.      Ic eom on môde from,
+     "þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan      gylp ofersitte.
+2530 "Gebîde ge on beorge      byrnum werede,
+     "secgas on searwum,      hwäðer sêl mæge
+     "äfter wäl-ræse      wunde gedýgan
+     "uncer twega.      Nis þät eówer sîð,
+     "ne gemet mannes,      nefne mîn ânes,
+2535 "þät he wið aglæcean      eofoðo dæle,
+     "eorl-scype efne.      Ic mid elne sceall
+     "gold gegangan      oððe gûð nimeð,
+     "feorh-bealu frêcne,      freán eówerne!"
+     Ârâs þâ bî ronde      rôf oretta,
+2540 heard under helm,      hioro-sercean bär
+     under stân-cleofu,      strengo getrûwode
+     ânes mannes:      ne bið swylc earges sîð.
+     Geseah þâ be wealle,      se þe worna fela,
+     gum-cystum gôd,      gûða gedîgde,
+2545 hilde-hlemma,      þonne hnitan fêðan,
+     (stôd on stân-bogan)      streám ût þonan
+     brecan of beorge;      wäs þære burnan wälm
+     heaðo-fýrum hât:      ne meahte horde neáh
+     unbyrnende      ænige hwîle
+2550 deóp gedýgan      for dracan lêge.
+     Lêt þâ of breóstum,      þâ he gebolgen wäs,
+     Weder-Geáta leód      word ût faran,
+     stearc-heort styrmde;      stefn in becom
+     heaðo-torht hlynnan      under hârne stân.
+2555 Hete wäs onhrêred,      hord-weard oncniów
+     mannes reorde;      näs þær mâra fyrst,
+     freóde tô friclan.      From ærest cwom
+     oruð aglæcean      ût of stâne,
+     hât hilde-swât;      hruse dynede.
+2560 Biorn under beorge      bord-rand onswâf
+     wið þam gryre-gieste,      Geáta dryhten:
+     þâ wäs hring-bogan      heorte gefýsed
+     säcce tô sêceanne.      Sweord ær gebräd
+     gôd gûð-cyning      gomele lâfe,
+2565 ecgum ungleáw,      æghwäðrum wäs
+     bealo-hycgendra      brôga fram ôðrum.
+     Stîð-môd gestôd      wið steápne rond
+     winia bealdor,      þâ se wyrm gebeáh
+     snûde tôsomne:      he on searwum bâd.
+2570 Gewât þâ byrnende      gebogen scrîðan tô,
+     gescîfe scyndan.      Scyld wel gebearg
+     lîfe and lîce      lässan hwîle
+     mærum þeódne,      þonne his myne sôhte,
+     þær he þý fyrste      forman dôgore
+2575 wealdan môste,      swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf
+     hrêð ät hilde.      Hond up âbräd
+     Geáta dryhten,      gryre-fâhne slôh
+     incge lâfe,      þät sió ecg gewâc
+     brûn on bâne,      bât unswîðor,
+2580 þonne his þiód-cyning      þearfe häfde,
+     bysigum gebæded.      Þâ wäs beorges weard
+     äfter heaðu-swenge      on hreóum môde,
+     wearp wäl-fýre,      wîde sprungon
+     hilde-leóman:      hrêð-sigora ne gealp
+2585 gold-wine Geáta,      gûð-bill geswâc
+     nacod ät nîðe,      swâ hyt nô sceolde,
+     îren ær-gôd.      Ne wäs þät êðe sîð,
+     þät se mæra      maga Ecgþeówes
+     grund-wong þone      ofgyfan wolde;
+2590 sceolde wyrmes willan      wîc eardian
+     elles hwergen,      swâ sceal æghwylc mon
+     âlætan læn-dagas.      Näs þâ long tô þon,
+     þät þâ aglæcean      hy eft gemêtton.
+     Hyrte hyne hord-weard,      hreðer æðme weóll,
+2595 niwan stefne:      nearo þrowode
+     fýre befongen      se þe ær folce weóld.
+     Nealles him on heápe      hand-gesteallan,
+     äðelinga bearn      ymbe gestôdon
+     hilde-cystum,      ac hy on holt bugon,
+2600 ealdre burgan.      Hiora in ânum weóll
+     sefa wið sorgum:      sibb æfre ne mäg
+     wiht onwendan,      þam þe wel þenceð.
+
+
+XXXVI. WIGLAF HELPS BEÓWULF IN THE FEUD.
+
+     Wîglâf wäs hâten      Weoxstânes sunu,
+     leóflîc lind-wiga,      leód Scylfinga,
+2605 mæg Älfheres:      geseah his mon-dryhten
+     under here-grîman      hât þrowian.
+     Gemunde þâ þâ âre,      þe he him ær forgeaf
+     wîc-stede weligne      Wægmundinga,
+     folc-rihta gehwylc,      swâ his fäder âhte;
+2610 ne mihte þâ forhabban,      hond rond gefêng,
+     geolwe linde,      gomel swyrd geteáh,
+     þät wäs mid eldum      Eánmundes lâf,
+     suna Ôhteres,      þam ät säcce wearð
+     wracu wine-leásum      Weohstânes bana
+2615 mêces ecgum,      and his mâgum ätbär
+     brûn-fâgne helm,      hringde byrnan,
+     eald sweord eotonisc,      þät him Onela forgeaf,
+     his gädelinges      gûð-gewædu,
+     fyrd-searo fûslîc:      nô ymbe þâ fæhðe spräc,
+2620 þeáh þe he his brôðor      bearn âbredwade.
+     He frätwe geheóld      fela missera,
+     bill and byrnan,      ôð þät his byre mihte
+     eorl-scipe efnan,      swâ his ær-fäder;
+     geaf him þâ mid Geátum      gûð-gewæda
+2625 æghwäs unrîm;      þâ he of ealdre gewât,
+     frôd on forð-weg.      Þâ wäs forma sîð
+     geongan cempan,      þät he gûðe ræs
+     mid his freó-dryhtne      fremman sceolde;
+     ne gemealt him se môd-sefa,      ne his mæges lâf
+2630 gewâc ät wîge:      þät se wyrm onfand,
+     syððan hie tôgädre      gegân häfdon.
+     Wîglâf maðelode      word-rihta fela,
+     sägde gesîðum,      him wäs sefa geômor:
+     "Ic þät mæl geman,      þær we medu þêgun,
+2635 "þonne we gehêton      ûssum hlâforde
+     "in biór-sele,      þe ûs þâs beágas geaf,
+     "þät we him þâ gûð-geatwa      gyldan woldon,
+     "gif him þyslîcu      þearf gelumpe,
+     "helmas and heard sweord:      þê he ûsic on herge geceás
+2640 "tô þyssum sîð-fate      sylfes willum,
+     "onmunde ûsic mærða      and me þâs mâðmas geaf,
+     "þê he ûsic gâr-wîgend      gôde tealde,
+     "hwate helm-berend,      þeáh þe hlâford ûs
+     "þis ellen-weorc      âna âþôhte
+2645 "tô gefremmanne,      folces hyrde,
+     "forþam he manna mæst      mærða gefremede,
+     "dæda dollîcra.      Nu is se däg cumen,
+     "þät ûre man-dryhten      mägenes behôfað
+     "gôdra gûð-rinca:      wutun gangan tô,
+2650 "helpan hild-fruman,      þenden hyt sý,
+     "glêd-egesa grim!      God wât on mec,
+     "þät me is micle leófre,      þät mînne lîc-haman
+     "mid mînne gold-gyfan      glêd fäðmie.
+     "Ne þynceð me gerysne,      þät we rondas beren
+2655 "eft tô earde,      nemne we æror mægen
+     "fâne gefyllan,      feorh ealgian
+     "Wedra þiódnes.      Ic wât geare,
+     "þät næron eald-gewyrht,      þät he âna scyle
+     "Geáta duguðe      gnorn þrowian,
+2660 "gesîgan ät säcce:      sceal ûrum þät sweord and helm,
+     "byrne and byrdu-scrûd      bâm gemæne."
+     Wôd þâ þurh þone wäl-rêc,      wîg-heafolan bär
+     freán on fultum,      feá worda cwäð:
+     "Leófa Biówulf,      læst eall tela,
+2665 "swâ þu on geoguð-feore      geâra gecwæde,
+     "þät þu ne âlæte      be þe lifigendum
+     "dôm gedreósan:      scealt nu dædum rôf,
+     "äðeling ân-hydig,      ealle mägene
+     "feorh ealgian;      ic þe fullæstu!"
+2670 Äfter þâm wordum      wyrm yrre cwom,
+     atol inwit-gäst      ôðre sîðe,
+     fýr-wylmum fâh      fiónda niósan,
+     lâðra manna;      lîg-ýðum forborn
+     bord wið ronde:      byrne ne meahte
+2675 geongum gâr-wigan      geóce gefremman:
+     ac se maga geonga      under his mæges scyld
+     elne geeode,      þâ his âgen wäs
+     glêdum forgrunden.      Þâ gen gûð-cyning
+     mærða gemunde,      mägen-strengo,
+2680 slôh hilde-bille,      þät hyt on heafolan stôd
+     nîðe genýded:      Nägling forbärst,
+     geswâc ät säcce      sweord Biówulfes
+     gomol and græg-mæl.      Him þät gifeðe ne wäs,
+     þät him îrenna      ecge mihton
+2685 helpan ät hilde;      wäs sió hond tô strong,
+     se þe mêca gehwane      mîne gefræge
+     swenge ofersôhte,      þonne he tô säcce bär
+     wæpen wundrum heard,      näs him wihte þê sêl.
+     Þâ wäs þeód-sceaða      þriddan sîðe,
+2690 frêcne fýr-draca      fæhða gemyndig,
+     ræsde on þone rôfan,      þâ him rûm âgeald,
+     hât and heaðo-grim,      heals ealne ymbefêng
+     biteran bânum;      he geblôdegod wearð
+     sâwul-drióre;      swât ýðum weóll.
+
+
+XXXVII. BEÓWULF WOUNDED TO DEATH.
+
+2695 Þâ ic ät þearfe gefrägn      þeód-cyninges
+     and-longne eorl      ellen cýðan,
+     cräft and cênðu,      swâ him gecynde wäs;
+     ne hêdde he þäs heafolan,      ac sió hand gebarn
+     môdiges mannes,      þær he his mæges healp,
+2700 þät he þone nîð-gäst      nioðor hwêne slôh,
+     secg on searwum,      þät þät sweord gedeáf
+     fâh and fäted,      þät þät fýr ongon
+     sweðrian syððan.      Þâ gen sylf cyning
+     geweóld his gewitte,      wäll-seaxe gebräd,
+2705 biter and beadu-scearp,      þät he on byrnan wäg:
+     forwrât Wedra helm       wyrm on middan.
+     Feónd gefyldan      (ferh ellen wräc),
+     and hi hyne þâ begen      âbroten häfdon,
+     sib-äðelingas:      swylc sceolde secg wesan,
+2710 þegn ät þearfe.      Þät þam þeódne wäs
+     sîðast sîge-hwîle      sylfes dædum,
+     worlde geweorces.      Þâ sió wund ongon,
+     þe him se eorð-draca      ær geworhte,
+     swêlan and swellan.      He þät sôna onfand,
+2715 þät him on breóstum      bealo-nîð weóll,
+     âttor on innan.      Þâ se äðeling gióng,
+     þät he bî wealle,      wîs-hycgende,
+     gesät on sesse;      seah on enta geweorc,
+     hû þâ stân-bogan      stapulum fäste
+2720 êce eorð-reced      innan heóldon.
+     Hyne þâ mid handa      heoro-dreórigne
+     þeóden mærne      þegn ungemete till,
+     wine-dryhten his      wätere gelafede,
+     hilde-sädne      and his helm onspeón.
+2725 Biówulf maðelode,      he ofer benne spräc,
+     wunde wäl-bleáte      (wisse he gearwe,
+     þät he däg-hwîla      gedrogen häfde
+     eorðan wynne;      þâ wäs eall sceacen
+     dôgor-gerîmes,      deáð ungemete neáh):
+2730 "Nu ic suna mînum      syllan wolde
+     "gûð-gewædu,      þær me gifeðe swâ
+     "ænig yrfe-weard      äfter wurde,
+     "lîce gelenge.      Ic þâs leóde heóld
+     "fîftig wintra:      näs se folc-cyning
+2735 "ymbe-sittendra      ænig þâra,
+     "þe mec gûð-winum      grêtan dorste,
+     "egesan þeón.      Ic on earde bâd
+     "mæl-gesceafta,      heóld mîn tela,
+     "ne sôhte searo-nîðas,      ne me swôr fela
+2740 "âða on unriht.      Ic þäs ealles mäg,
+     "feorh-bennum seóc,      gefeán habban:
+     "forþam me wîtan ne þearf      waldend fira
+     "morðor-bealo mâga,      þonne mîn sceaceð
+     "lîf of lîce.      Nu þu lungre
+2745 "geong, hord sceáwian      under hârne stân,
+     "Wîglâf leófa,      nu se wyrm ligeð,
+     "swefeð sâre wund,      since bereáfod.
+     "Bió nu on ôfoste,      þät ic ær-welan,
+     "gold-æht ongite,      gearo sceáwige
+2750 "swegle searo-gimmas,      þät ic þý sêft mæge
+     "äfter mâððum-welan      mîn âlætan
+     "lîf and leód-scipe,      þone ic longe heóld."
+
+
+XXXVIII. THE JEWEL-HOARD. THE PASSING OF BEOWULF.
+
+     Þâ ic snûde gefrägn      sunu Wihstânes
+     äfter word-cwydum      wundum dryhtne
+2755 hýran heaðo-siócum,      hring-net beran,
+     brogdne beadu-sercean      under beorges hrôf.
+     Geseah þâ sige-hrêðig,      þâ he bî sesse geóng,
+     mago-þegn môdig      mâððum-sigla fela,
+     gold glitinian      grunde getenge,
+2760 wundur on wealle      and þäs wyrmes denn,
+     ealdes uht-flogan,      orcas stondan,
+     fyrn-manna fatu      feormend-leáse,
+     hyrstum behrorene:      þær wäs helm monig,
+     eald and ômig,      earm-beága fela,
+2765 searwum gesæled.      Sinc eáðe mäg,
+     gold on grunde,      gumena cynnes
+     gehwone ofer-higian,      hýde se þe wylle!
+     Swylce he siomian geseah      segn eall-gylden
+     heáh ofer horde,      hond-wundra mæst,
+2770 gelocen leoðo-cräftum:      of þam leóma stôd,
+     þät he þone grund-wong      ongitan meahte,
+     wräte giond-wlîtan.      Näs þäs wyrmes þær
+     onsýn ænig,      ac hyne ecg fornam.
+     Þâ ic on hlæwe      gefrägn hord reáfian,
+2775 eald enta geweorc      ânne mannan,
+     him on bearm hladan      bunan and discas
+     sylfes dôme,      segn eác genom,
+     beácna beorhtost;      bill ær-gescôd
+     (ecg wäs îren)      eald-hlâfordes
+2780 þam þâra mâðma      mund-bora wäs
+     longe hwîle,      lîg-egesan wäg
+     hâtne for horde,      hioro-weallende,
+     middel-nihtum,      ôð þät he morðre swealt.
+     Âr wäs on ôfoste      eft-sîðes georn,
+2785 frätwum gefyrðred:      hyne fyrwet bräc,
+     hwäðer collen-ferð      cwicne gemêtte
+     in þam wong-stede      Wedra þeóden,
+     ellen-siócne,      þær he hine ær forlêt.
+     He þâ mid þâm mâðmum      mærne þióden,
+2790 dryhten sînne      driórigne fand
+     ealdres ät ende:      he hine eft ongon
+     wäteres weorpan,      ôð þät wordes ord
+     breóst-hord þurhbräc.      Beówulf maðelode,
+     gomel on giohðe      (gold sceáwode):
+2795 "Ic þâra frätwa      freán ealles þanc
+     "wuldur-cyninge      wordum secge,
+     "êcum dryhtne,      þe ic her on starie,
+     "þäs þe ic môste      mînum leódum
+     "ær swylt-däge      swylc gestrýnan.
+2800 "Nu ic on mâðma hord      mîne bebohte
+     "frôde feorh-lege,      fremmað ge nu
+     "leóda þearfe;      ne mäg ic her leng wesan.
+     "Hâtað heaðo-mære      hlæw gewyrcean,
+     "beorhtne äfter bæle      ät brimes nosan;
+2805 "se scel tô gemyndum      mînum leódum
+     "heáh hlifian      on Hrones nässe,
+     "þät hit sæ-lîðend      syððan hâtan
+     "Biówulfes biorh,      þâ þe brentingas
+     "ofer flôda genipu      feorran drîfað."
+2810 Dyde him of healse      hring gyldenne
+     þióden þrîst-hydig,      þegne gesealde,
+     geongum gâr-wigan,      gold-fâhne helm,
+     beáh and byrnan,      hêt hyne brûcan well:
+     "Þu eart ende-lâf      ûsses cynnes,
+2815 "Wægmundinga;      ealle Wyrd forsweóf,
+     "mîne mâgas      tô metod-sceafte,
+     "eorlas on elne:      ic him äfter sceal."
+     Þät wäs þam gomelan      gingeste word
+     breóst-gehygdum,      ær he bæl cure,
+2820 hâte heaðo-wylmas:      him of hreðre gewât
+     sâwol sêcean      sôð-fästra dôm.
+
+
+XXXIX. THE COWARD-THANES.
+
+     Þâ wäs gegongen      guman unfrôdum
+     earfoðlîce,      þät he on eorðan geseah
+     þone leófestan      lîfes ät ende
+2825 bleáte gebæran.      Bona swylce läg,
+     egeslîc eorð-draca,      ealdre bereáfod,
+     bealwe gebæded:      beáh-hordum leng
+     wyrm woh-bogen      wealdan ne môste,
+     ac him îrenna      ecga fornâmon,
+2830 hearde heaðo-scearpe      homera lâfe,
+     þät se wîd-floga      wundum stille
+     hreás on hrusan      hord-ärne neáh,
+     nalles äfter lyfte      lâcende hwearf
+     middel-nihtum,      mâðm-æhta wlonc
+2835 ansýn ýwde:      ac he eorðan gefeóll
+     for þäs hild-fruman      hond-geweorce.
+     Hûru þät on lande      lyt manna þâh
+     mägen-âgendra      mîne gefræge,
+     þeáh þe he dæda gehwäs      dyrstig wære,
+2840 þät he wið âttor-sceaðan      oreðe geræsde,
+     oððe hring-sele      hondum styrede,
+     gif he wäccende      weard onfunde
+     bûan on beorge.      Biówulfe wearð
+     dryht-mâðma dæl      deáðe forgolden;
+2845 häfde æghwäðer      ende gefêred
+     lænan lîfes.      Näs þâ lang tô þon,
+     þät þâ hild-latan      holt ofgêfan,
+     tydre treów-logan      tyne ätsomne,
+     þâ ne dorston ær      dareðum lâcan
+2850 on hyra man-dryhtnes      miclan þearfe;
+     ac hy scamiende      scyldas bæran,
+     gûð-gewædu,      þær se gomela läg:
+     wlitan on Wîglâf.      He gewêrgad sät,
+     fêðe-cempa      freán eaxlum neáh,
+2855 wehte hyne wätre;      him wiht ne speów;
+     ne meahte he on eorðan,      þeáh he ûðe wel,
+     on þam frum-gâre      feorh gehealdan,
+     ne þäs wealdendes willan      wiht oncirran;
+     wolde dôm godes      dædum rædan
+2860 gumena gehwylcum,      swâ he nu gen dêð.
+     Þâ wäs ät þam geongan      grim andswaru
+     êð-begête þâm þe ær      his elne forleás.
+     Wîglâf maðelode,      Weohstânes sunu,
+     secg sârig-ferð      seah on unleófe:
+2865 "Þät lâ mäg secgan,      se þe wyle sôð sprecan,
+     "þät se mon-dryhten,      se eów þâ mâðmas geaf,
+     "eóred-geatwe,      þe ge þær on standað,
+     "þonne he on ealu-bence      oft gesealde
+     "heal-sittendum      helm and byrnan,
+2870 "þeóden his þegnum,      swylce he þryðlîcost
+     "ôhwær feor oððe neáh      findan meahte,
+     "þät he genunga      gûð-gewædu
+     "wrâðe forwurpe.      Þâ hyne wîg beget,
+     "nealles folc-cyning      fyrd-gesteallum
+2875 "gylpan þorfte;      hwäðre him god ûðe,
+     "sigora waldend,      þät he hyne sylfne gewräc
+     "âna mid ecge,      þâ him wäs elnes þearf,
+     "Ic him lîf-wraðe      lytle meahte
+     "ätgifan ät gûðe      and ongan swâ þeáh
+2880 "ofer mîn gemet      mæges helpan:
+     "symle wäs þý sæmra,      þonne ic sweorde drep
+     "ferhð-genîðlan,      fýr unswîðor
+     "weóll of gewitte.      Wergendra tô lyt
+     "þrong ymbe þeóden,      þâ hyne sió þrag becwom.
+2885 "Nu sceal sinc-þego      and swyrd-gifu
+     "eall êðel-wyn      eówrum cynne,
+     "lufen âlicgean:      lond-rihtes môt
+     "þære mæg-burge      monna æghwylc
+     "îdel hweorfan,      syððan äðelingas
+2890 "feorran gefricgean      fleám eówerne,
+     "dôm-leásan dæd.      Deáð bið sêlla
+     "eorla gehwylcum      þonne edwît-lîf!"
+
+
+XL. THE SOLDIER'S DIRGE AND PROPHECY.
+
+     Hêht þâ þät heaðo-weorc      tô hagan biódan
+     up ofer êg-clif,      þær þät eorl-weorod
+2895 morgen-longne däg      môd-giômor sät,
+     bord-häbbende,      bega on wênum
+     ende-dôgores      and eft-cymes
+     leófes monnes.      Lyt swîgode
+     niwra spella,      se þe näs gerâd,
+2900 ac he sôðlîce      sägde ofer ealle;
+     "Nu is wil-geofa      Wedra leóda,
+     "dryhten Geáta      deáð-bedde fäst,
+     "wunað wäl-reste      wyrmes dædum;
+     "him on efn ligeð      ealdor-gewinna,
+2905 "siex-bennum seóc:      sweorde ne meahte
+     "on þam aglæcean      ænige þinga
+     "wunde gewyrcean.      Wîglâf siteð
+     "ofer Biówulfe,      byre Wihstânes,
+     "eorl ofer ôðrum      unlifigendum,
+2910 "healdeð hige-mêðum      heáfod-wearde
+     "leófes and lâðes.      Nu ys leódum wên
+     "orleg-hwîle,      syððan underne
+     "Froncum and Frysum      fyll cyninges
+     "wîde weorðeð.      Wäs sió wrôht scepen
+2915 "heard wið Hûgas,      syððan Higelâc cwom
+     "faran flot-herge      on Fresna land,
+     "þær hyne Hetware      hilde gehnægdon,
+     "elne geeodon      mid ofer-mägene,
+     "þät se byrn-wîga      bûgan sceolde,
+2920 "feóll on fêðan:      nalles frätwe geaf
+     "ealdor dugoðe;      ûs wäs â syððan
+     "Merewioinga      milts ungyfeðe.
+     "Ne ic tô Sweó-þeóde      sibbe oððe treówe
+     "wihte ne wêne;      ac wäs wîde cûð,
+2925 "þätte Ongenþió      ealdre besnyðede
+     "Hæðcyn Hrêðling      wið Hrefna-wudu,
+     "þâ for on-mêdlan      ærest gesôhton
+     "Geáta leóde      Gûð-scilfingas.
+     "Sôna him se frôda      fäder Ôhtheres,
+2930 "eald and eges-full      ond-slyht âgeaf,
+     "âbreót brim-wîsan,      brýd âheórde,
+     "gomela ió-meowlan      golde berofene,
+     "Onelan môdor      and Ôhtheres,
+     "and þâ folgode      feorh-genîðlan
+2935 "ôð þät hî ôðeodon      earfoðlîce
+     "in Hrefnes-holt      hlâford-leáse.
+     "Besät þâ sin-herge      sweorda lâfe
+     "wundum wêrge,      weán oft gehêt
+     "earmre teohhe      andlonge niht:
+2940 "cwäð he on mergenne      mêces ecgum
+     "getan wolde,      sume on galg-treówum
+     "fuglum tô gamene.      Frôfor eft gelamp
+     "sârig-môdum      somod ær-däge,
+     "syððan hie Hygelâces      horn and býman
+2945 "gealdor ongeâton.      Þâ se gôda com
+     "leóda dugoðe      on lâst faran.
+
+
+XLI. HE TELLS OF THE SWEDES AND THE GEATAS.
+
+     "Wäs sió swât-swaðu      Sweona and Geáta,
+     "wäl-ræs wera      wîde gesýne,
+     "hû þâ folc mid him      fæhðe tôwehton.
+2950 "Gewât him þâ se gôda      mid his gädelingum,
+     "frôd fela geômor      fästen sêcean,
+     "eorl Ongenþió      ufor oncirde;
+     "häfde Higelâces      hilde gefrunen,
+     "wlonces wîg-cräft,      wiðres ne trûwode,
+2955 "þät he sæ-mannum      onsacan mihte,
+     "heáðo-lîðendum      hord forstandan,
+     "bearn and brýde;      beáh eft þonan
+     "eald under eorð-weall.      Þâ wäs æht boden
+     "Sweona leódum,      segn Higelâce.
+2960 "Freoðo-wong þone      forð ofereodon,
+     "syððan Hrêðlingas      tô hagan þrungon.
+     "Þær wearð Ongenþió      ecgum sweorda,
+     "blonden-fexa      on bîd wrecen,
+     "þät se þeód-cyning      þafian sceolde
+2965 "Eofores ânne dôm:      hyne yrringa
+     "Wulf Wonrêding      wæpne geræhte,
+     "þät him for swenge      swât ædrum sprong
+     "forð under fexe.      Näs he forht swâ þêh,
+     "gomela Scilfing,      ac forgeald hraðe
+2970 "wyrsan wrixle      wäl-hlem þone,
+     "syððan þeód-cyning      þyder oncirde:
+     "ne meahte se snella      sunu Wonrêdes
+     "ealdum ceorle      ond-slyht giofan,
+     "ac he him on heáfde      helm ær gescer,
+2975 "þät he blôde fâh      bûgan sceolde,
+     "feóll on foldan;      näs he fæge þâ git,
+     "ac he hyne gewyrpte,      þeáh þe him wund hrîne,
+     "Lêt se hearda      Higelâces þegn
+     "brâdne mêce,      þâ his brôðor läg,
+2980 "eald sweord eotonisc,      entiscne helm,
+     "brecan ofer bord-weal:      þâ gebeáh cyning,
+     "folces hyrde,      wäs in feorh dropen.
+     "Þâ wæron monige,      þe his mæg wriðon,
+     "ricone ârærdon,      þâ him gerýmed wearð,
+2985 "þät hie wäl-stôwe      wealdan môston.
+     "Þenden reáfode      rinc ôðerne,
+     "nam on Ongenþió      îren-byrnan,
+     "heard swyrd hilted      and his helm somod;
+     "hâres hyrste      Higelâce bär.
+2990 "He þâm frätwum fêng      and him fägre gehêt
+     "leána fore leódum      and gelæste swâ:
+     "geald þone gûð-ræs      Geáta dryhten,
+     "Hrêðles eafora,      þâ he tô hâm becom,
+     "Jofore and Wulfe      mid ofer-mâðmum,
+2995 "sealde hiora gehwäðrum      hund þûsenda
+     "landes and locenra beága;      ne þorfte him þâ leán ôðwîtan
+     "mon on middan-gearde,      syððan hie þâ mærða geslôgon;
+     "and þâ Jofore forgeaf      ângan dôhtor,
+     "hâm-weorðunge,      hyldo tô wedde.
+3000 "Þät ys sió fæhðo      and se feónd-scipe,
+     "wäl-nîð wera,      þäs þe ic wên hafo,
+     "þe ûs sêceað tô      Sweona leóde,
+     "syððan hie gefricgeað      freán ûserne
+     "ealdor-leásne,      þone þe ær geheóld
+3005 "wið hettendum      hord and rîce,
+     "äfter häleða hryre      hwate Scylfingas,
+     "folc-ræd fremede      oððe furður gen
+     "eorl-scipe efnde.      Nu is ôfost betost,
+     "þät we þeód-cyning      þær sceáwian
+3010 "and þone gebringan,      þe ûs beágas geaf,
+     "on âd-färe.      Ne scel ânes hwät
+     "meltan mid þam môdigan,      ac þær is mâðma hord.
+     "gold unrîme      grimme geceápod
+     "and nu ät sîðestan      sylfes feore
+3015 "beágas gebohte;      þâ sceal brond fretan,
+     "äled þeccean,      nalles eorl wegan
+     "mâððum tô gemyndum,      ne mägð scýne
+     "habban on healse      hring-weorðunge,
+     "ac sceall geômor-môd      golde bereáfod
+3020 "oft nalles æne      el-land tredan,
+     "nu se here-wîsa      hleahtor âlegde,
+     "gamen and gleó-dreám.      Forþon sceall gâr wesan
+     "monig morgen-ceald      mundum bewunden,
+     "häfen on handa,      nalles hearpan swêg
+3025 "wîgend weccean,      ac se wonna hrefn
+     "fûs ofer fægum,      fela reordian,
+     "earne secgan,      hû him ät æte speów,
+     "þenden he wið wulf      wäl reáfode."
+     Swâ se secg hwata      secgende wäs
+3030 lâðra spella;      he ne leág fela
+     wyrda ne worda.      Weorod eall ârâs,
+     eodon unblîðe      under Earna näs
+     wollen-teáre      wundur sceáwian.
+     Fundon þâ on sande      sâwul-leásne
+3035 hlim-bed healdan,      þone þe him hringas geaf
+     ærran mælum:      þâ wäs ende-däg
+     gôdum gegongen,      þät se gûð-cyning,
+     Wedra þeóden,      wundor-deáðe swealt.
+     Ær hî gesêgan      syllîcran wiht,
+3040 wyrm on wonge      wiðer-rähtes þær
+     lâðne licgean:      wäs se lêg-draca,
+     grimlîc gryre-gäst,      glêdum beswæled,
+     se wäs fîftiges      fôt-gemearces.
+     lang on legere,      lyft-wynne heóld
+3045 nihtes hwîlum,      nyðer eft gewât
+     dennes niósian;      wäs þâ deáðe fäst,
+     häfde eorð-scrafa      ende genyttod.
+     Him big stôdan      bunan and orcas,
+     discas lâgon      and dýre swyrd,
+3050 ômige þurh-etone,      swâ hie wið eorðan fäðm
+     þûsend wintra      þær eardodon:
+     þonne wäs þät yrfe      eácen-cräftig,
+     iú-monna gold      galdre bewunden,
+     þät þam hring-sele      hrînan ne môste
+3055 gumena ænig,      nefne god sylfa,
+     sigora sôð-cyning,      sealde þam þe he wolde
+     (he is manna gehyld)      hord openian,
+     efne swâ hwylcum manna,      swâ him gemet þûhte.
+
+
+XLII. WÎGLAF SPEAKS. THE BUILDING OF THE BALE-FIRE.
+
+     Þâ wäs gesýne,      þät se sîð ne þâh
+3060 þam þe unrihte      inne gehýdde
+     wräte under wealle.      Weard ær ofslôh
+     feára sumne;      þâ sió fæhð gewearð
+     gewrecen wrâðlîce.      Wundur hwâr, þonne
+     eorl ellen-rôf      ende gefêre
+3065 lîf-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne mäg
+     mon mid his mâgum      medu-seld bûan.
+     Swâ wäs Biówulfe,      þâ he biorges weard
+     sôhte, searo-nîðas:      seolfa ne cûðe,
+     þurh hwät his worulde gedâl      weorðan sceolde;
+3070 swâ hit ôð dômes däg      diópe benemdon
+     þeódnas mære,      þâ þät þær dydon,
+     þät se secg wære      synnum scildig,
+     hergum geheaðerod,      hell-bendum fäst,
+     wommum gewitnad,      se þone wong strâde.
+3075 Näs he gold-hwät:      gearwor häfde
+     âgendes êst      ær gesceáwod.
+     Wîglâf maðelode,      Wihstânes sunu:
+     "Oft sceall eorl monig      ânes willan
+     "wræc âdreógan,      swâ ûs geworden is.
+3080 "Ne meahton we gelæran      leófne þeóden,
+     "rîces hyrde      ræd ænigne,
+     "þät he ne grêtte      gold-weard þone,
+     "lête hyne licgean,      þær he longe wäs,
+     "wîcum wunian      ôð woruld-ende.
+3085 "Heóldon heáh gesceap:      hord ys gesceáwod,
+     "grimme gegongen;      wäs þät gifeðe tô swîð,
+     "þe þone þeóden      þyder ontyhte.
+     "Ic wäs þær inne      and þät eall geond-seh,
+     "recedes geatwa,      þâ me gerýmed wäs,
+3090 "nealles swæslîce      sîð âlýfed
+     "inn under eorð-weall.      Ic on ôfoste gefêng
+     "micle mid mundum      mägen-byrðenne
+     "hord-gestreóna,      hider ût ätbär
+     "cyninge mînum:      cwico wäs þâ gena,
+3095 "wîs and gewittig;      worn eall gespräc
+     "gomol on gehðo      and eówic grêtan hêt,
+     "bäd þät ge geworhton      äfter wines dædum
+     "in bæl-stede      beorh þone heán
+     "micelne and mærne,      swâ he manna wäs
+3100 "wîgend weorð-fullost      wîde geond eorðan,
+     "þenden he burh-welan      brûcan môste.
+     "Uton nu êfstan      ôðre sîðe
+     "seón and sêcean      searo-geþräc,
+     "wundur under wealle!      ic eów wîsige,
+3105 "þät ge genôge      neán sceáwiað
+     "beágas and brâd gold.      Sîe sió bær gearo
+     "ädre geäfned,      þonne we ût cymen,
+     "and þonne geferian      freán ûserne,
+     "leófne mannan,      þær he longe sceal
+3110 "on þäs waldendes      wære geþolian."
+     Hêt þâ gebeódan      byre Wihstânes,
+     häle hilde-diór,      häleða monegum
+     bold-âgendra,      þät hie bæl-wudu
+     feorran feredon,      folc-âgende
+3115 gôdum tôgênes:      "Nu sceal glêd fretan
+     "(weaxan wonna lêg)      wîgena strengel,
+     "þone þe oft gebâd      îsern-scûre,
+     "þonne stræla storm,      strengum gebæded,
+     "scôc ofer scild-weall,      sceft nytte heóld,
+3120 "feðer-gearwum fûs      flâne full-eode."
+     Hûru se snotra      sunu Wihstânes
+     âcîgde of corðre      cyninges þegnas
+     syfone tôsomne      þâ sêlestan,
+     eode eahta sum      under inwit-hrôf;
+3125 hilde-rinc sum      on handa bär
+     äled-leóman,      se þe on orde geóng.
+     Näs þâ on hlytme,      hwâ þät hord strude,
+     syððan or-wearde      ænigne dæl
+     secgas gesêgon      on sele wunian,
+3130 læne licgan:      lyt ænig mearn,
+     þät hi ôfostlice      ût geferedon
+     dýre mâðmas;      dracan êc scufun,
+     wyrm ofer weall-clif,      lêton wæg niman,
+     flôd fäðmian      frätwa hyrde.
+3135 Þær wäs wunden gold      on wæn hladen,
+     æghwäs unrîm,      äðeling boren,
+     hâr hilde-rinc      tô Hrones nässe.
+
+
+XLIII. BEÓWULF'S FUNERAL PYRE.
+
+     Him þâ gegiredan      Geáta leóde
+     âd on eorðan      un-wâclîcne,
+3140 helmum behongen,      hilde-bordum,
+     beorhtum byrnum,      swâ he bêna wäs;
+     âlegdon þâ tô-middes      mærne þeóden
+     häleð hiófende,      hlâford leófne.
+     Ongunnon þâ on beorge      bæl-fýra mæst
+3145 wîgend weccan:      wudu-rêc âstâh
+     sweart ofer swioðole,      swôgende lêg,
+     wôpe bewunden      (wind-blond geläg)
+     ôð þät he þâ bân-hûs      gebrocen häfde,
+     hât on hreðre.      Higum unrôte
+3150 môd-ceare mændon      mon-dryhtnes cwealm;
+     swylce giômor-gyd      + lat . con meowle
+     . . . . .      wunden heorde . . .
+     serg (?) cearig sælde      geneahhe
+     þät hio hyre . . . . gas hearde
+3155 . . . . . ede      wälfylla wonn . .
+     hildes egesan      hyðo
+     haf mid      heofon rêce swealh (?)
+     Geworhton þâ      Wedra leóde
+     hlæw on hliðe,      se wäs heáh and brâd,
+3160 wæg-lîðendum      wîde gesýne,
+     and betimbredon      on tyn dagum
+     beadu-rôfes bêcn:      bronda betost
+     wealle beworhton,      swâ hyt weorðlîcost
+     fore-snotre men      findan mihton.
+3165 Hî on beorg dydon      bêg and siglu,
+     eall swylce hyrsta,      swylce on horde ær
+     nîð-hydige men      genumen häfdon;
+     forlêton eorla gestreón      eorðan healdan,
+     gold on greóte,      þær hit nu gen lifað
+3170 eldum swâ unnyt,      swâ hit æror wäs.
+     Þâ ymbe hlæw riodan      hilde-deóre,
+     äðelinga bearn      ealra twelfa,
+     woldon ceare cwîðan,      kyning mænan,
+     word-gyd wrecan      and ymb wer sprecan,
+3175 eahtodan eorl-scipe      and his ellen-weorc
+     duguðum dêmdon,      swâ hit ge-dêfe bið,
+     þät mon his wine-dryhten      wordum hêrge,
+     ferhðum freóge,      þonne he forð scile
+     of lîc-haman      læne weorðan.
+3180 Swâ begnornodon      Geáta leóde
+     hlâfordes hryre,      heorð-geneátas,
+     cwædon þät he wære      woruld-cyning
+     mannum mildust      and mon-þwærust,
+     leódum lîðost      and lof-geornost.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX
+
+
+THE ATTACK IN FINNSBURG. [Footnote: See v. 1069 _seqq._]
+
+     ". . . . . . . . . . . näs byrnað næfre."
+     Hleoðrode þâ      heaðo-geong cyning:
+     "Ne þis ne dagað eástan,      ne her draca ne fleógeð,
+     "ne her þisse healle      hornas ne byrnað,
+5    "ac fêr forð berað      fugelas singað,
+     "gylleð græg-hama,      gûð-wudu hlynneð,
+     "scyld scefte oncwyð.      Nu scýneð þes môna
+     "waðol under wolcnum;      nu ârîsað weá-dæda,
+     "þe þisne folces nîð      fremman willað.
+10   "Ac onwacnigeað nu,      wîgend mîne,
+     "hebbað eówre handa,      hicgeað on ellen,
+     "winnað on orde,      wesað on môde!"
+     Þâ ârâs monig gold-hladen þegn,      gyrde hine his swurde;
+     þâ tô dura eodon      drihtlîce cempan,
+15   Sigeferð and Eaha,      hyra sweord getugon,
+     and ät ôðrum durum      Ordlâf and Gûðlâf,
+     and Hengest sylf;      hwearf him on lâste.
+     Þâ git Gârulf      Gûðere styrode,
+     þät hie swâ freólîc feorh      forman sîðe
+20   tô þære healle durum      hyrsta ne bæran,
+     nu hyt nîða heard      ânyman wolde:
+     ac he frägn ofer eal      undearninga,
+     deór-môd häleð,      hwâ þâ duru heólde.
+     "Sigeferð is mîn nama (cwäð he),      ic eom Secgena leód,
+25   "wrecca wîde cûð.      Fela ic weána gebâd,
+     "heardra hilda;      þe is gyt her witod,
+     "swäðer þu sylf tô me      sêcean wylle."
+     Þâ wäs on wealle      wäl-slihta gehlyn,
+     sceolde cêlod bord      cênum on handa
+30   bân-helm berstan.      Buruh-þelu dynede,
+     ôð þät ät þære gûðe      Gârulf gecrang,
+     ealra ærest      eorð-bûendra,
+     Gûðlâfes sunu;      ymbe hine gôdra fela.
+     Hwearf flacra hræw      hräfn, wandrode
+35   sweart and sealo-brûn;      swurd-leóma stôd
+     swylce eal Finns-buruh      fýrenu wære.
+     Ne gefrägn ic næfre wurðlîcor      ät wera hilde
+     sixtig sige-beorna      sêl gebæran,
+     ne næfre swânas swêtne      medo sêl forgyldan,
+40   þonne Hnäfe guldon      his häg-stealdas.
+     Hig fuhton fîf dagas,      swâ hyra nân ne feól
+     driht-gesîða,      ac hig þâ duru heóldon.
+     Þâ gewât him wund häleð      on wäg gangan,
+     sæde þät his byrne      âbrocen wære,
+45   here-sceorpum hrôr,      and eác wäs his helm þyrl.
+     Þâ hine sôna frägn      folces hyrde,
+     hû þâ wîgend      hyra wunda genæson
+     oððe hwäðer þæra hyssa . . . . . . .
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES; NOTES; AND GLOSSARY.
+
+ABBREVIATIONS
+
+m.: masculine.
+f.: feminine.
+n.: neuter.
+nom., gen.: nominative, genitive, etc.
+w.: weak.
+w. v.: weak verb.
+st.: strong.
+st. v.: strong verb.
+I., II., III.: first, second, third person.
+comp.: compound.
+imper.: imperative.
+w.: with.
+instr.: instrumental.
+G. and Goth.: Gothic.
+O.N.: Old Norse.
+O.S.: Old Saxon.
+O.H.G.: Old High German.
+M.H.G.: Middle High German.
+
+The vowel ä = _a_ in _glad_      }
+The diphthong æ = _a_ in _hair_  } approximately.
+
+
+The names Leo, Bugge, Rieger, etc., refer to authors of emendations.
+
+Words beginning with ge- will be found under their root-word.
+
+Obvious abbreviations, like subj., etc., are not included in this list.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES.
+
+Abel, Cain's brother, 108.
+
+Älf-here (gen. Älf-heres, 2605), a kinsman of Wîglâf's, 2605.
+
+Äsc-here, confidential adviser of King Hrôðgâr (1326), older brother of
+Yrmenlâf (1325), killed by Grendel's mother, 1295, 1324, 2123.
+
+Bân-stân, father of Breca, 524.
+
+Beó-wulf, son of Scyld, king of the Danes, 18, 19. After the death of his
+father, he succeeds to the throne of the Scyldings, 53. His son is
+Healfdene, 57.
+
+Beó-wulf (Biówulf, 1988, 2390; gen. Beówulfes, 857, etc., Biówulfes, 2195,
+2808, etc.; dat. Beówulfe, 610, etc., Biówulfe, 2325, 2843), of the race of
+the Geátas. His father is the Wægmunding Ecgþeów (263, etc.); his mother a
+daughter of Hrêðel, king of the Geátas (374), at whose court he is brought
+up after his seventh year with Hrêðel's sons, Herebeald, Hæðcyn, and
+Hygelâc, 2429 ff. In his youth lazy and unapt (2184 f., 2188 f.); as man he
+attains in the gripe of his hand the strength of thirty men, 379. Hence his
+victories in his combats with bare hands (711 ff., 2502 ff.), while fate
+denies him the victory in the battle with swords, 2683 f. His
+swimming-match with Breca in his youth, 506 ff. Goes with fourteen Geátas
+to the assistance of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr, against Grendel, 198 ff. His
+combat with Grendel, and his victory, 711 ff., 819 ff. He is, in
+consequence, presented with rich gifts by Hrôðgâr, 1021 ff. His combat with
+Grendel's mother, 1442 ff. Having again received gifts, he leaves Hrôðgâr
+(1818-1888), and returns to Hygelâc, 1964 ff.--After Hygelâc's last battle
+and death, he flees alone across the sea, 2360 f. In this battle he crushes
+Däghrefn, one of the Hûgas, to death, 2502 f. He rejects at the same time
+Hygelâc's kingdom and the hand of his widow (2370 ff.), but carries on the
+government as guardian of the young Heardrêd, son of Hygelâc, 2378 ff.
+After Heardrêd's death, the kingdom falls to Beówulf, 2208,
+2390.--Afterwards, on an expedition to avenge the murdered Heardrêd, he
+kills the Scylfing, Eádgils (2397), and probably conquers his country.
+--His fight with the drake, 2539 ff. His death, 2818. His burial, 3135 ff.
+
+Breca (acc. Brecan, 506, 531), son of Beánstân, 524. Chief of the
+Brondings, 521. His swimming-match with Beówulf, 506 ff.
+
+Brondingas (gen. Brondinga, 521), Breca, their chief, 521.
+
+Brosinga mene, corrupted from, or according to Müllenhoff, written by
+mistake for, Breosinga mene (O.N., Brisinga men, cf. Haupts Zeitschr. XII.
+304), collar, which the Brisingas once possessed.
+
+Cain (gen. Caines, 107): descended from him are Grendel and his kin, 107,
+1262 ff.
+
+Däg-hrefn (dat. Däghrefne, 2502), a warrior of the Hûgas, who, according to
+2504-5, compared with 1203, and with 1208, seems to have been the slayer of
+King Hygelâc, in his battle against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas.
+Is crushed to death by Beówulf in a hand-to-hand combat, 2502 ff.
+
+Dene (gen. Dena, 242, etc., Denia, 2126, Deniga, 271, etc.; dat. Denum,
+768, etc.), as subjects of Scyld and his descendants, they are also called
+Scyldings; and after the first king of the East Danes, Ing (Runenlied, 22),
+Ing-wine, 1045, 1320. They are also once called Hrêðmen, 445. On account of
+their renowned warlike character, they bore the names Gâr-Dene, 1, 1857,
+Hring-Dene (Armor-Danes), 116, 1280, Beorht-Dene, 427, 610. The great
+extent of this people is indicated by their names from the four quarters of
+the heavens: Eást-Dene, 392, 617, etc., West-Dene, 383, 1579, Sûð-Dene,
+463, Norð-Dene, 784.--Their dwelling-place "in Scedelandum," 19, "on
+Scedenigge," 1687, "be sæm tweónum," 1686.
+
+Ecg-lâf (gen. Ecglâfes, 499), Hûnferð's father, 499.
+
+Ecg-þeów (nom. Ecgþeów, 263, Ecgþeó, 373; gen. Ecgþeówes, 529, etc.,
+Ecgþiówes, 2000), a far-famed hero of the Geátas, of the house of the
+Wægmundings. Beówulf is the son of Ecgþeów, by the only daughter of Hrêðel,
+king of the Geátas, 262, etc. Among the Wylfings, he has slain Heaðolâf
+(460), and in consequence he goes over the sea to the Danes (463), whose
+king, Hrôðgâr, by means of gold, finishes the strife for him, 470.
+
+Ecg-wela (gen. Ecg-welan, 1711). The Scyldings are called his descendants,
+1711. Grein considers him the founder of the older dynasty of Danish kings,
+which closes with Heremôd. See Heremôd.
+
+Elan, daughter of Healfdene, king of the Danes, (?) 62. According to the
+restored text, she is the wife of Ongenþeów, the Scylfing, 62, 63.
+
+Earna-näs, the Eagle Cape in the land of the Geátas, where occurred
+Beówulf's fight with the drake, 3032.
+
+Eádgils (dat. Eádgilse, 2393), son of Ôhthere, and grandson of Ongenþeów,
+the Scylfing, 2393. His older brother is
+
+Eánmund (gen. Eánmundes, 2612). What is said about both in our poem
+(2201-2207, 2380-2397, 2612-2620) is obscure, but the following may be
+conjectured:--
+
+The sons of Ôhthere, Eánmund and Eádgils, have rebelled against their
+father (2382), and must, in consequence, depart with their followers from
+Swiórîce, 2205-6, 2380. They come into the country of the Geátas to
+Heardrêd (2380), but whether with friendly or hostile intent is not stated;
+but, according to 2203 f., we are to presume that they came against
+Heardrêd with designs of conquest. At a banquet (on feorme; or feorme, MS.)
+Heardrêd falls, probably through treachery, by the hand of one of the
+brothers, 2386, 2207. The murderer must have been Eánmund, to whom,
+according to 2613, "in battle the revenge of Weohstân brings death."
+Weohstân takes revenge for his murdered king, and exercises upon Eánmund's
+body the booty-right, and robs it of helm, breastplate, and sword
+(2616-17), which the slain man had received as gifts from his uncle, Onela,
+2617-18. But Weohstân does not speak willingly of this fight, although he
+has slain Onela's brother's son, 2619-20.--After Heardrêd's and Eánmund's
+death, the descendant of Ongenþeów, Eádgils, returns to his home, 2388. He
+must give way before Beówulf, who has, since Heardrêd's death, ascended the
+throne of the Geátas, 2390. But Beówulf remembers it against him in after
+days, and the old feud breaks out anew, 2392-94. Eádgils makes an invasion
+into the land of the Geátas (2394-95), during which he falls at the hands
+of Beówulf, 2397. The latter must have then obtained the sovereignty over
+the Sweonas (3005-6, where only the version, Scylfingas, can give a
+satisfactory sense).
+
+Eofor (gen. Eofores, 2487, 2965; dat. Jofore, 2994, 2998), one of the
+Geátas, son of Wonrêd and brother of Wulf (2965, 2979), kills the Swedish
+king, Ongenþeów (2487 ff., 2978-82), for which he receives from King
+Hygelâc, along with other gifts, his only daughter in marriage, 2994-99.
+
+Eormen-rîc (gen. Eormenrîces, 1202), king of the Goths (cf. about him, W.
+Grimm, Deutsche Heldensage, p. 2, ff.). Hâma has wrested the Brosinga mene
+from him, 1202.
+
+Eomær, son of Offa and Þryðo (cf. Þryðo), 1961.
+
+Finn (gen. Finnes, 1069, etc.; dat. Finne, 1129), son of Folcwalda (1090),
+king of the North Frisians, i.e. of the Eotenas, husband of Hildeburg, a
+daughter of Hôc, 1072, 1077. He is the hero of the inserted poem on the
+Attack in Finnsburg, the obscure incidents of which are, perhaps, as
+follows: In Finn's castle, Finnsburg, situated in Jutland (1126-28), the
+Hôcing, Hnäf, a relative--perhaps a brother--of Hildeburg is spending some
+time as guest. Hnäf, who is a liegeman of the Danish king, Healfdene, has
+sixty men with him (Finnsburg, 38). These are treacherously attacked one
+night by Finn's men, 1073. For five days they hold the doors of their
+lodging-place without losing one of their number (Finnsburg, 41, 42). Then,
+however, Hnäf is slain (1071), and the Dane, Hengest, who was among Hnäf's
+followers, assumes the command of the beleaguered band. But on the
+attacking side the fight has brought terrible losses to Finn's men. Their
+numbers are diminished (1081 f.), and Hildeburg bemoans a son and a brother
+among the fallen (1074 f., cf. 1116, 1119). Therefore the Frisians offer
+the Danes peace (1086) under the conditions mentioned (1087-1095), and it
+is confirmed with oaths (1097), and money is given by Finn in propitiation
+(1108). Now all who have survived the battle go together to Friesland, the
+homo proper of Finn, and here Hengest remains during the winter, prevented
+by ice and storms from returning home (Grein). But in spring the feud
+breaks out anew. Gûðlâf and Oslâf avenge Hnäf's fall, probably after they
+have brought help from home (1150). In the battle, the hall is filled with
+the corpses of the enemy. Finn himself is killed, and the queen is captured
+and carried away, along with the booty, to the land of the Danes,
+1147-1160.
+
+Finna land. Beówulf reaches it in his swimming-race with Breca, 580.
+
+Fitela, the son and nephew of the Wälsing, Sigemund, and his companion in
+arms, 876-890. (Sigemund had begotten Fitela by his sister, Signý. Cf. more
+at length Leo on Beówulf, p. 38 ff., where an extract from the legend of
+the Walsungs is given.)
+
+Folc-walda (gen. Folc-waldan, 1090), Finn's father, 1090.
+
+Francan (gen. Francna, 1211; dat. Froncum, 2913). King Hygelâc fell on an
+expedition against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas, 1211, 2917.
+
+Fresan, Frisan, Frysan (gen. Fresena, 1094, Frysna, 1105, Fresna, 2916:
+dat. Frysum, 1208, 2913). To be distinguished, are: 1) North Frisians,
+whose king is Finn, 1069 ff.; 2) West Frisians, in alliance with the Franks
+and Hûgas, in the war against whom Hygelâc falls, 1208, 2916. The country
+of the former is called Frysland, 1127; that of the latter, Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+Fr..es wäl (in Fr..es wäle, 1071), mutilated proper name.
+
+Freáwaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr; given in marriage to
+Ingeld, the son of the Heaðobeard king, Frôda, in order to end a war
+between the Danes and the Heaðobeardnas, 2023 ff., 2065.
+
+Frôda (gen. Frôdan), father of Ingeld, the husband of Freáware, 2026.
+
+Gârmund (gen. Gârmundes, 1963) father of Offa. His grandson is Eómær,
+1961-63.
+
+Geátas (gen. Geáta, 205, etc.; dat. Geátum, 195, etc.), a tribe in Southern
+Scandinavia, to which the hero of this poem belongs; also called
+Wedergeátas, 1493, 2552; or, Wederas, 225, 423, etc.; Gûðgeátas, 1539;
+Sægeátas, 1851, 1987. Their kings named in this poem are: Hrêðel; Hæðcyn,
+second son of Hrêðel; Hygelâc, the brother of Hæðcyn; Heardrêd, son of
+Hygelâc; then Beówulf.
+
+Gifðas (dat. Gifðum, 2495), Gepidæ, mentioned in connection with Danes and
+Swedes, 2495.
+
+Grendel, a fen-spirit (102-3) of Cain's race, 107, 111, 1262, 1267. He
+breaks every night into Hrôðgâr's hall and carries off thirty warriors, 115
+ff., 1583ff. He continues this for twelve years, till Beówulf fights with
+him (147, 711 ff.), and gives him a mortal wound, in that he tears out one
+of his arms (817), which is hung up as a trophy in the roof of Heorot, 837.
+Grendel's mother wishes to avenge her son, and the following night breaks
+into the hall and carries off Äschere, 1295. Beówulf seeks for and finds
+her home in the fen-lake (1493 ff.), fights with her (1498 ff.), and kills
+her (1567); and cuts off the head of Grendel, who lay there dead (1589),
+and brings it to Hrôðgâr, 1648.
+
+Gûð-lâf and Oslâf, Danish warriors under Hnäf, whose death they avenge on
+Finn, 1149.
+
+Hâlga, with the surname, _til_, the younger brother of the Danish king,
+Hrôðgâr, 61. His son is Hrôðulf, 1018, 1165, 1182.
+
+Hâma wrests the _Brosinga mene_ from Eormenrîc, 1199.
+
+Häreð (gen. Häreðes, 1982), father of Hygd, the wife of Hygelâc, 1930,
+1982.
+
+Hæðcyn (dat. Hæðcynne, 2483), second son of Hrêðel, king of the Geátas,
+2435. Kills his oldest brother, Herebeald, accidentally, with an arrow,
+2438 ff. After Hrêðel's death, he obtains the kingdom, 2475, 2483. He falls
+at Ravenswood, in the battle against the Swedish king, Ongenþeów, 2925. His
+successor is his younger brother, Hygelâc, 2944 ff., 2992.
+
+Helmingas (gen. Helminga, 621). From them comes Wealhþeów, Hrôðgâr's wife,
+621.
+
+Heming (gen. Heminges, 1945, 1962). Offa is called Heminges mæg, 1945;
+Eómær, 1962. According to Bachlechner (Pfeiffer's Germania, I., p. 458),
+Heming is the son of the sister of Gârmund, Offa's father.
+
+Hengest (gen. Hengestes, 1092; dat. Hengeste, 1084): about him and his
+relations to Hnäf and Finn, see Finn.
+
+Here-beald (dat. Herebealde, 2464), the oldest son of Hrêðel, king of the
+Geátas (2435), accidentally killed with an arrow by his younger brother,
+Hæðcyn, 2440.
+
+Here-môd (gen. Heremôdes, 902), king of the Danes, not belonging to the
+Scylding dynasty, but, according to Grein, immediately preceding it; is, on
+account of his unprecedented cruelty, driven out, 902 ff., 1710.
+
+Here-rîc (gen. Hererîces, 2207) Heardrêd is called Hererîces nefa, 2207.
+Nothing further is known of him.
+
+Het-ware or Franks, in alliance with the Frisians and the Hûgas, conquer
+Hygelâc, king of the Geátas, 2355, 2364 ff., 2917.
+
+Healf-dene (gen. Healfdenes, 189, etc.), son of Beówulf, the Scylding (57);
+rules the Danes long and gloriously (57 f.); has three sons, Heorogâr,
+Hrôðgâr, and Hâlga (61), and a daughter, Elan, who, according to the
+renewed text of the passage, wäs married to the Scylfing, Ongenþeów, 62,
+63.
+
+Heard-rêd (dat. Heardrêde, 2203, 2376), son of Hygelâc, king of the Geátas,
+and Hygd. After his father's death, while still under age, he obtains the
+throne (2371, 2376, 2379); wherefore Beówulf, as nephew of Heardrêd's
+father, acts as guardian to the youth till he becomes older, 2378. He is
+slain by Ôhthere's sons, 2386. This murder Beówulf avenges on Eádgils,
+2396-97.
+
+Heaðo-beardnas (gen. -beardna, 2033, 2038, 2068), the tribe of the
+Lombards. Their king, Frôda, has fallen in a war with the Danes, 2029,
+2051. In order to end the feud, King Hrôðgâr has given his daughter,
+Freáwaru, as wife to the young Ingeld, the son of Frôda, a marriage that
+does not result happily; for Ingeld, though he long defers it on account of
+his love for his wife, nevertheless takes revenge for his father, 2021-2070
+(Wîdsîð, 45-49).
+
+Heaðo-lâf (dat. Heaðo-lâfe, 460), a Wylfingish warrior. Ecgþeów, Beówulf's
+father, kills him, 460.
+
+Heaðo-ræmas reached by B. in the swimming-race with Beówulf, 519.
+
+Heoro-gâr (nom. 61; Heregâr, 467; Hiorogâr, 2159), son of Healfdene, and
+older brother of Hrôðgâr, 61. His death is mentioned, 467. He has a son,
+Heoroweard, 2162. His coat of mail Beówulf has received from Hrôðgâr
+(2156), and presents it to Hygelâc, 2158.
+
+Heoro-weard (dat. Heorowearde, 2162), Heorogâr's son, 2161-62.
+
+Heort, 78. Heorot, 166 (gen. Heorotes, 403; dat. Heorote, 475, Heorute,
+767, Hiorte, 2100). Hrôðgâr's throne-room and banqueting hall and
+assembly-room for his liegemen, built by him with unusual splendor, 69, 78.
+In it occurs Beówulf's fight with Grendel, 720 ff. The hall receives its
+name from the stag's antlers, of which the one-half crowns the eastern
+gable, the other half the western.
+
+Hildeburh, daughter of Hôc, relative of the Danish leader, Hnäf, consort of
+the Frisian king, Finn. After the fall of the latter, she becomes a captive
+of the Danes, 1072, 1077, 1159. See also under Finn.
+
+Hnäf (gen. Hnäfes, 1115), a Hôcing (Wîdsîð, 29), the Danish King
+Healfdene's general, 1070 ff. For his fight with Finn, his death and
+burial, see under Finn.
+
+Hond-sció, warrior of the Geátas: dat. 2077.
+
+Hôc (gen. Hôces, 1077), father of Hildeburh, 1077; probably also of Hnäf
+(Wîdsîð, 29).
+
+Hrêðel (gen. Hrêðles, 1486), son of Swerting, 1204. King of the Geátas,
+374. He has, besides, a daughter, who is married to Ecgþeów, and has borne
+him Beówulf, (374), three sons, Herebeald, Hæðcyn, and Hygelâc, 2435. The
+eldest of these is accidentally killed by the second, 2440. On account of
+this inexpiable deed, Hrêðel becomes melancholy (2443), and dies, 2475.
+
+Hrêðla (gen. Hrêðlan, MS. Hrædlan, 454), the same as Hrêðel (cf. Müllenhoff
+in Haupts Zeitschrift, 12, 260), the former owner of Beówulf's coat of
+mail, 454.
+
+Hrêð-men (gen. Hrêð-manna, 445), the Danes are so called, 445.
+
+Hrêð-rîc, son of Hrôðgâr, 1190, 1837.
+
+Hrefna-wudu, 2926, or Hrefnes-holt, 2936, the thicket near which the
+Swedish king, Ongenþeów, slew Hæðcyn, king of the Geátas, in battle.
+
+Hreosna-beorh, promontory in the land of the Geátas, near which Ongenþeów's
+sons, Ôhthere and Onela, had made repeated robbing incursions into the
+country after Hrêðel's death. These were the immediate cause of the war in
+which Hrêðel's son, King Hæðcyn, fell, 2478 ff.
+
+Hrôð-gâr (gen. Hrôðgâres, 235, etc.; dat. Hrôðgâre, 64, etc.), of the
+dynasty of the Scyldings; the second of the three sons of King Healfdene,
+61. After the death of his elder brother, Heorogâr, he assumes the
+government of the Danes, 465, 467 (yet it is not certain whether Heorogâr
+was king of the Danes before Hrôðgâr, or whether his death occurred while
+his father, Healfdene, was still alive). His consort is Wealhþeów (613), of
+the stock of the Helmings (621), who has borne him two sons, Hrêðrîc and
+Hrôðmund (1190), and a daughter, Freáware (2023), who has been given in
+marriage to the king of the Heaðobeardnas, Ingeld. His throne-room (78
+ff.), which has been built at great cost (74 ff.), is visited every night
+by Grendel (102, 115), who, along with his mother, is slain by Beówulf (711
+ff., 1493 ff). Hrôðgâr's rich gifts to Beówulf, in consequence, 1021, 1818;
+he is praised as being generous, 71 ff., 80, 1028 ff., 1868 ff.; as being
+brave, 1041 ff., 1771 ff.; and wise, 1699, 1725.--Other information about
+Hrôðgâr's reign for the most part only suggested: his expiation of the
+murder which Ecgþeów, Beówulf's father, committed upon Heaðolâf, 460, 470;
+his war with the Heaðobeardnas; his adjustment of it by giving his
+daughter, Freáware, in marriage to their king, Ingeld; evil results of this
+marriage, 2021-2070.--Treachery of his brother's son, Hrôðulf, intimated,
+1165-1166.
+
+Hrôð-mund, Hrôðgâr's son, 1190.
+
+Hrôð-ulf, probably a son of Hâlga, the younger brother of King Hrôðgâr,
+1018, 1182. Wealhþeów expresses the hope (1182) that, in case of the early
+death of Hrôðgâr, Hrôð-ulf would prove a good guardian to Hrôðgâr's young
+son, who would succeed to the government; a hope which seems not to have
+been accomplished, since it appears from 1165, 1166 that Hrôð-ulf has
+abused his trust towards Hrôðgâr.
+
+Hrones-näs (dat. -nässe, 2806, 3137), a promontory on the coast of the
+country of the Geátas, visible from afar. Here is Beówulf's grave-mound,
+2806, 3137.
+
+Hrunting (dat. Hruntinge, 1660), Hûnferð's sword, is so called, 1458, 1660.
+
+Hûgas (gen. Hûga, 2503), Hygelâc wars against them allied with the Franks
+and Frisians, and falls, 2195 ff. One of their heroes is called Däghrefn,
+whom Beówulf slays, 2503.
+
+[H]ûn-ferð, the son of Ecglâf, þyle of King Hrôðgâr. As such, he has his
+place near the throne of the king, 499, 500, 1167. He lends his sword,
+Hrunting, to Beówulf for his battle with Grendel's mother, 1456 f.
+According to 588, 1168, he slew his brothers. Since his name is always
+alliterated with vowels, it is probable that the original form was, as
+Rieger (Zachers Ztschr., 3, 414) conjectures, Unferð.
+
+Hûn-lâfing, name of a costly sword, which Finn presents to Hengest, 1144.
+See Note.
+
+Hygd (dat. Hygde, 2173), daughter of Häreð, 1930; consort of Hygelâc, king
+of the Geátas, 1927; her son, Heardrêd, 2203, etc.--Her noble, womanly
+character is emphasized, 1927 ff.
+
+Hyge-lâc (gen. Hige-lâces, 194, etc., Hygelâces, 2387; dat. Higelâce, 452,
+Hygelâce, 2170), king of the Geátas, 1203, etc. His grandfather is
+Swerting, 1204; his father, Hrêðel, 1486, 1848; his older brothers,
+Herebeald and Hæðcyn, 2435; his sister's son, Beówulf, 374, 375. After his
+brother, Hæðcyn, is killed by Ongenþeów, he undertakes the government (2992
+in connection with the preceding from 2937 on). To Eofor he gives, as
+reward for slaying Ongenþeów, his only daughter in marriage, 2998. But much
+later, at the time of the return of Beówulf from his expedition to Hrôðgâr,
+we see him married to the very young Hygd, the daughter of Häreð, 1930. The
+latter seems, then, to have been his second wife. Their son is Heardrêd,
+2203, 2376, 2387.--Hygelâc falls during an expedition against the Franks,
+Frisians, and Hûgas, 1206, 1211, 2356-59, 2916-17.
+
+Ingeld (dat. Ingelde, 2065), son of Frôda, the Heaðobeard chief, who fell
+in a battle with the Danes, 2051 ff. in order to end the war, Ingeld is
+married to Freáwaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr, 2025-30. Yet his
+love for his young wife can make him forget only for a short while his
+desire to avenge his father. He finally carries it out, excited thereto by
+the repeated admonitions of an old warrior, 2042-70 (Wîdsîð, 45-59).
+
+Ing-wine (gen. Ingwina, 1045, 1320), friends of Ing, the first king of the
+East Danes. The Danes are so called, 1045, 1320.
+
+Mere-wioingas (gen. Mere-wioinga, 2922), as name of the Franks, 2922.
+
+Nägling, the name of Beówulf's sword, 2681.
+
+Offa (gen. Offan, 1950), king of the Angles (Wîdsîð, 35), the son of
+Gârmund, 1963; married (1950) to Þryðo (1932), a beautiful but cruel woman,
+of unfeminine spirit (1932 ff.), by whom he has a son, Eómær, 1961.
+
+Ôht-here (gen. Ôhtheres, 2929, 2933; Ôhteres, 2381, 2393, 2395, 2613), son
+of Ongenþeów, king of the Swedes, 2929. His sons are Eánmund (2612) and
+Eádgils, 2393.
+
+Onela (gen. Onelan, 2933), Ôhthere's brother, 2617, 2933.
+
+Ongen-þeów (nom. -þeów, 2487, -þió, 2952; gen. -þeówes, 2476, -þiówes,
+2388; dat. -þió, 2987), of the dynasty of the Scylfings; king of the
+Swedes, 2384. His wife is, perhaps, Elan, daughter of the Danish king,
+Healfdene (62), and mother of two sons, Onela and Ôhthere, 2933. She is
+taken prisoner by Hæðcyn, king of the Geátas, on an expedition into Sweden,
+which he undertakes on account of her sons' plundering raids into his
+country, 2480 ff. She is set free by Ongenþeów (2931), who kills Hæðcyn,
+2925, and encloses the Geátas, now deprived of their leader, in the
+Ravenswood (2937 ff.), till they are freed by Hygelâc, 2944. A battle then
+follows, which is unfavorable to Ongenþeów's army. Ongenþeów himself,
+attacked by the brothers, Wulf and Eofor, is slain by the latter, 2487 ff.,
+2962 ff.
+
+Ôs-lâf, a warrior of Hnäf's, who avenges on Finn his leader's death, 1149
+f.
+
+Scede-land, 19. Sceden-îg (dat. Sceden-îgge, 1687), O.N., Scân-ey, the most
+southern portion of the Scandinavian peninsula, belonging to the Danish
+kingdom, and, in the above-mentioned passages of our poem, a designation of
+the whole Danish kingdom.
+
+Scêf or Sceáf. See Note.
+
+Scyld (gen. Scyldes, 19), a Scêfing. 4. His son is Beówulf, 18, 53: his
+grandson, Healfdene, 57; his great-grandson, Hrôðgâr, who had two brothers
+and a sister, 59 ff.--Scyld dies, 26; his body, upon a decorated ship, is
+given over to the sea (32 ff.), just as he, when a child, drifted alone,
+upon a ship, to the land of the Danes, 43 ff. After him his descendants
+bear his name.
+
+Scyldingas (Scyldungas, 2053; gen. Scyldinga, 53, etc., Scyldunga, 2102,
+2160; dat. Scyldingum, 274, etc.), a name which is extended also to the
+Danes, who are ruled by the Scyldings, 53, etc. They are also called
+Âr-Scyldingas, 464; Sige-Scyldingas, 598, 2005; Þeód-Scyldingas, 1020;
+Here-Scyldingas, 1109.
+
+Scylfingas, a Swedish royal family, whose relationship seems to extend to
+the Geátas, since Wîglâf, the son of Wihstân, who in another place, as a
+kinsman of Beówulf, is called a Wægmunding (2815), is also called leód
+Scylfinga, 2604. The family connections are perhaps as follows:--
+
+              Scylf.
+                |
+     ------------------------
+     Wægmund.         .......
+        |                |
+------------------  ----------
+Ecgþeów.  Weohstân.  Ongenþeów.
+   |         |           |
+-------- -------- ---------------
+Beówulf.  Wîglâf.  Onela. Ôhthere.
+                             |
+                 -----------------
+                 Eáumund. Eádgils.
+
+The Scylfings are also called Heaðo-Scilfingas, 63, Gûð-Scylfingas, 2928.
+
+Sige-mund (dat. -munde, 876, 885), the son of Wäls, 878, 898. His (son and)
+nephew is Fitela, 880, 882. His fight with the drake, 887 ff.
+
+Swerting (gen. Swertinges, 1204), Hygelâc's grandfather, and Hrêðel's
+father, 1204.
+
+Sweon (gen. Sweona, 2473, 2947, 3002), also Sweó-þeód, 2923. The dynasty of
+the Scylfings rules over them, 2382, 2925. Their realm is called Swiórice,
+2384, 2496.
+
+Þryðo, consort of the Angle king, Offa, 1932, 1950. Mother of Eómær, 1961,
+notorious on account of her cruel, unfeminine character, 1932 ff. She is
+mentioned as the opposite to the mild, dignified Hygd, the queen of the
+Geátas.
+
+Wäls (gen. Wälses, 898), father of Sigemund, 878, 898.
+
+Wæg-mundingas (gen. Wægmundinga, 2608, 2815). The Wægmundings are on one
+side, Wihstân and his son Wîglâf; on the other side, Ecgþeów and his son
+Beówulf (2608, 2815). See under Scylfingas.
+
+Wederas (gen. Wedera, 225, 423, 498, etc.), or Weder-geátas. See Geátas.
+
+Wêland (gen. Wêlandes, 455), the maker of Beówulf's coat of mail, 455.
+
+Wendlas (gen. Wendla, 348): their chief is Wulfgâr. See Wulfgâr. The
+Wendlas are, according to Grundtvig and Bugge, the inhabitants of Vendill,
+the most northern part of Jutland, between Limfjord and the sea.
+
+Wealh-þeów (613, Wealh-þeó, 665, 1163), the consort of King Hrôðgâr, of the
+stock of the Helmings, 621. Her sons are Hrêðrîc and Hrôðmund, 1190; her
+daughter, Freáwaru, 2023.
+
+Weoh-stân (gen. Weox-stânes, 2603, Weoh-stânes, 2863, Wih-stânes, 2753,
+2908, etc.), a Wægmunding (2608), father of Wîglâf, 2603. In what
+relationship to him Älfhere, mentioned 2605, stands, is not
+clear.--Weohstân is the slayer of Eánmund (2612), in that, as it seems, he
+takes revenge for his murdered king, Heardrêd. See Eánmund.
+
+Wîg-lâf, Weohstân's son, 2603, etc., a Wægmunding, 2815, and so also a
+Scylfing, 2604; a kinsman of Älfhere, 2605. For his relationship to
+Beówulf, see the genealogical table under Scylfingas.--He supports Beówulf
+in his fight with the drake, 2605 ff., 2662 ff. The hero gives him, before
+his death, his ring, his helm, and his coat of mail, 2810 ff.
+
+Won-rêd (gen. Wonrêdes, 2972), father of Wulf and Eofor, 2966, 2979.
+
+Wulf (dat. Wulfe, 2994), one of the Geátas, Wonrêd's son. He fights in the
+battle between the armies of Hygelâc and Ongenþeów with Ongenþeów himself,
+and gives him a wound (2966), whereupon Ongenþeów, by a stroke of his
+sword, disables him, 2975. Eofor avenges his brother's fall by dealing
+Ongenþeów a mortal blow, 2978 ff.
+
+Wulf-gâr, chief of the Wendlas, 348, lives at Hrôðgâr's court, and is his
+"âr and ombiht," 335.
+
+Wylfingas (dat. Wylfingum, 461). Ecgþeów has slain Heoðolâf, a warrior of
+this tribe, 460.
+
+Yrmen-lâf, younger brother of Äschere, 1325.
+
+
+ADDITIONAL.
+
+Eotenas (gen. pl. Eotena, 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. Eotenum, 1146), the
+subjects of Finn, the North Frisians: distinguished from eoton, _giant_.
+Vid eoton. Cf. Bugge, Beit., xii. 37; Earle, Beowulf in Prose, pp. 146,
+198.
+
+Hrêðling, son of Hrêðel, Hygelâc: nom. sg. 1924; nom. pl., the subjects of
+Hygelâc, the Geats, 2961.
+
+Scêfing, the son (?) of Scêf, or Sceáf, reputed father of Scyld, 4. See
+Note.
+
+
+
+ABBREVIATIONS.
+
+               B.: Bugge.
+              Br.: S.A. Brooke, Hist. of Early Eng. Lit.
+               C.: Cosijn.
+               E.: Earle, Deeds of Beowulf in Prose.
+               G.: Garnett, Translation of Beowulf
+              Gr.: Grein.
+               H.: Heyne.
+              Ha.: Hall, Translation of Beowulf.
+           H.-So.: Heyne-Socin, 5th ed.
+              Ho.: Holder.
+               K.: Kemble.
+              Kl.: Kluge.
+         Müllenh.: Müllenhoff.
+               R.: Rieger.
+               S.: Sievers.
+              Sw.: Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Reader, 6th ed.
+          Ten Br.: Ten Brink.
+              Th.: Thorpe.
+               Z.: Zupitza.
+
+                 PERIODICALS.
+
+             Ang.: Anglia.
+            Beit.: Paul und Branne's Beiträge.
+       Eng. Stud.: Englische Studien.
+            Germ.: Germania.
+ Haupts Zeitschr.: Haupts Zeitschrift, etc.
+ Mod. Lang. Notes: Modern Language Notes.
+          Tidskr.: Tidskrift for Philologi.
+Zachers Zeitschr.: Zachers Zeitschrift, etc.
+
+
+NOTES.
+
+l. 1. hwät: for this interjectional formula opening a poem, cf. _Andreas,
+Daniel, Juliana, Exodus, Fata Apost., Dream of the Rood_, and the
+"Listenith lordinges!" of mediaeval lays.--E. Cf. Chaucer, Prologue, ed.
+Morris, l. 853:
+
+     "Sin I shal beginne the game,
+     _What_, welcome be the cut, a Goddes name!"
+
+we ... gefrunon is a variant on the usual epic formulæ ic gefrägn (l. 74)
+and mîne gefræge (l. 777). _Exodus, Daniel, Phoenix_, etc., open with the
+same formula.
+
+l. 1. "Gâr was the javelin, armed with two of which the warrior went into
+battle, and which he threw over the 'shield-wall.' It was barbed."--Br.
+124. Cf. _Maldon_, l. 296; _Judith_, l. 224; _Gnom. Verses_, l. 22; etc.
+
+l. 4. "Scild of the Sheaf, not 'Scyld the son of Scaf'; for it is too
+inconsistent, even in myth, to give a patronymic to a foundling. According
+to the original form of the story, Sceáf was the foundling; he had come
+ashore with a sheaf of corn, and from that was named. This form of the
+story is preserved in Ethelwerd and in William of Malmesbury. But here the
+foundling is Scyld, and we must suppose he was picked up with the sheaf,
+and hence his cognomen."--E., p. 105. Cf. the accounts of Romulus and
+Remus, of Moses, of Cyrus, etc.
+
+l. 6. egsian is also used in an active sense (not in the Gloss.), = _to
+terrify_.
+
+l. 15. S. suggests þâ (_which_) for þät, as object of dreógan; and for
+aldor-leáse, Gr. suggested aldor-ceare.--_Beit._ ix. 136.
+
+S. translates: "For God had seen the dire need which the rulerless ones
+before endured."
+
+l. 18. "Beowulf (that is, Beaw of the Anglo-Saxon genealogists, not our
+Beowulf, who was a Geat, not a Dane), 'the son of Scyld in Scedeland.' This
+is our ancestral myth,--the story of the first culture-hero of the North;
+'the patriarch,' as Rydberg calls him, 'of the royal families of Sweden,
+Denmark, Angeln, Saxland, and England.'"--Br., p. 78. Cf. _A.-S. Chron._
+an. 855.
+
+H.-So. omits parenthetic marks, and reads (after S., _Beit._ ix. 135)
+eaferan; cf. _Fata Apost._: lof wîde sprang þeódnes þegna.
+
+"The name _Beowulf_ means literally 'Bee-wolf,' wolf or ravager of
+the bees, = bear. Cf. _beorn_, 'hero,' originally 'bear,' and
+_beohata_, 'warrior,' in Cædmon, literally 'bee-hater' or
+'persecutor,' and hence identical in meaning with _beowulf_."--Sw.
+
+Cf. "Arcite and Palamon,
+    That foughten _breme_, as it were bores two."
+         --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 841, ed. Morris.
+
+Cf. M. Müller, _Science of Lang._, Sec. Series, pp. 217, 218; and Hunt's
+_Daniel_, 104.
+
+l. 19. Cf. l. 1866, where Scedenig is used, = _Scania_, in Sweden(?).
+
+l. 21. wine is pl.; cf. its apposition wil-gesîðas below. H.-So. compares
+_Héliand_, 1017, for language almost identical with ll. 20, 21.
+
+l. 22. on ylde: cf.
+    "_In elde_ is bothe wisdom and usage."
+       --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1590, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 26. Reflexive objects often pleonastically accompany verbs of motion;
+cf. ll. 234, 301, 1964, etc.
+
+l. 28. faroð = _shore, strand, edge._ Add these to the meanings in the
+Gloss.
+
+l. 31. The object of âhte is probably geweald, to be supplied from wordum
+weóld of l. 30.--H.-So.
+
+R., Kl., and B. all hold conflicting views of this passage: _Beit._ xii.
+80, ix. 188; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 382, etc. Kl. suggests lændagas for
+lange.
+
+l. 32. "hringed-stefna is sometimes translated 'with curved prow,' but it
+means, I think, that in the prow were fastened rings through which the
+cables were passed that tied it to the shore."--Br., p. 26. Cf. ll. 1132,
+1898. Hring-horni was the mythic ship of the Edda. See Toller-Bosworth for
+three different views; and cf. wunden-stefna (l. 220), hring-naca (l.
+1863).
+
+ll. 34-52. Cf. the burial of Haki on a funeral-pyre ship, _Inglinga Saga;_
+the burial of Balder, Sinfiötli, Arthur, etc.
+
+l. 35. "And this [their joy in the sea] is all the plainer from the number
+of names given to the ship-names which speak their pride and affection. It
+is the Ætheling's vessel, the Floater, the Wave-swimmer, the Ring-sterned,
+the Keel, the Well-bound wood, the Sea-wood, the Sea-ganger, the Sea-broad
+ship, the Wide-bosomed, the Prow-curved, the Wood of the curved neck, the
+Foam-throated floater that flew like a bird."--Br., p. 168.
+
+l. 49. "We know from Scandinavian graves ... that the illustrious dead were
+buried ... in ships, with their bows to sea-ward; that they were however
+not sent to sea, but were either burnt in that position, or mounded over
+with earth."--E. See Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, xix.
+
+l. 51. (1) sele-rædende (K., S., C.); (2) sêle-rædenne (H.); (3)
+sele-rædende (H.-So.). Cf. l. 1347; and see Ha.
+
+l. 51. E. compares with this canto Tennyson's "Passing of Arthur" and the
+legendary burial-journey of St. James of Campostella, an. 800.
+
+l. 53. The poem proper begins with this, "There was once upon a time," the
+first 52 lines being a prelude. Eleven of the "fitts," or cantos, begin
+with the monosyllable þâ, four with the verb gewîtan, nine with the formula
+Hrôðgâr (Beówulf, Unferð) maðelode, twenty-four with monosyllables in
+general (him, swâ, sê, hwät, þâ, hêht, wäs, mäg, cwôm, stræt).
+
+l. 58. gamel. "The ... characteristics of the poetry are the use of archaic
+forms and words, such as mec for mé, the possessive sín, gamol, dógor, swát
+for eald, dæg, blód, etc., after they had become obsolete in the prose
+language, and the use of special compounds and phrases, such as hildenædre
+(_war-adder_) for 'arrow,' gold-gifa (_gold-giver_) for 'king,' ...
+goldwine gumena (_goldfriend of men, distributor of gold to men_) for
+'king,'" etc.--Sw. Other poetic words are ides, ielde (_men_), etc.
+
+l. 60. H.-So. reads ræswa (referring to Heorogâr alone), and places a point
+(with the Ms.) after Heorogâr instead of after ræswa. Cf. l. 469; see B.,
+_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 193.
+
+l. 62. Elan here (OHG. _Elana, Ellena, Elena, Elina, Alyan_) is thought by
+B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 43) to be a remnant of the masc. name Onela, and he
+reads: [On-]elan ewên, Heaðoscilfingas(=es) healsgebedda.
+
+l. 68. For hê, omitted here, cf. l. 300. Pronouns are occasionally thus
+omitted insubord. clauses.--Sw.
+
+l. 70. þone, here = þonne, _than_, and micel = mâre? The passage, by a
+slight change, might be made to read, medo-ärn micle mâ gewyrcean,--þone =
+_by much larger than_,--in which þone (þonne) would come in naturally.
+
+l. 73. folc-scare. Add _folk-share_ to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+gûð-scearu.
+
+l. 74. ic wide gefrägn: an epic formula very frequent in poetry, = _men
+said._ Cf. _Judith_, ll. 7, 246; _Phoenix_, l. 1; and the parallel (noun)
+formula, mîne gefræge, ll. 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ll. 78-83. "The hall was a rectangular, high-roofed, wooden building, its
+long sides facing north and south. The two gables, at either end, had
+stag-horns on their points, curving forwards, and these, as well as the
+ridge of the roof, were probably covered with shining metal, and glittered
+bravely in the sun."--Br., p. 32.
+
+l. 84. _Son-in-law and father-in-law;_ B., a so-called _dvanda_ compound.
+Cf. l. 1164, where a similar compound means _uncle and nephew;_ and
+Wîdsîð's suhtorfædran, used of the same persons.
+
+l. 88. "The word dreám conveys the buzz and hum of social happiness, and
+more particularly the sound of music and singing."--E. Cf. l. 3021; and
+_Judith_, l. 350; _Wanderer_, l. 79, etc.
+
+ll. 90-99. There is a suspicious similarity between this passage and the
+lines attributed by Bede to Cædmon:
+
+    Nû wê sculan herian heofonrices Weard, etc.
+      --Sw., p. 47.
+
+ll. 90-98 are probably the interpolation of a Christian scribe.
+
+ll. 92-97. "The first of these Christian elements [in _Beówulf_] is the
+sense of a fairer, softer world than that in which the Northern warriors
+lived.... Another Christian passage (ll. 107, 1262) derives all the demons,
+eotens, elves, and dreadful sea-beasts from the race of Cain. The folly of
+sacrificing to the heathen gods is spoken of (l. 175).... The other point
+is the belief in immortality (ll. 1202, 1761)."--Br. 71.
+
+l. 100. Cf. l. 2211, where the third dragon of the poem is introduced in
+the same words. Beowulf is the forerunner of that other national
+dragon-slayer, St. George.
+
+l. 100. onginnan in _Beówulf_ is treated like verbs of motion and modal
+auxiliaries, and takes the object inf. without tô; cf. ll. 872, 1606, 1984,
+244. Cf. _gan_ (= _did_) in Mid. Eng.: _gan_ espye (Chaucer, _Knightes
+Tale_, l. 254, ed. Morris).
+
+l. 101. B. and H.-So. read, feónd on healle; cf. l. 142.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+ll. 101-151. "Grimm connects [Grendel] with the Anglo-Saxon grindel (_a
+bolt_ or _bar_).... It carries with it the notion of the bolts and bars of
+hell, and hence _a fiend._ ... Ettmüller was the first ... to connect the
+name with grindan, _to grind, to crush to pieces, to utterly destroy._
+Grendel is then _the tearer, the destroyer_."--Br., p. 83.
+
+l. 102. gäst = _stranger_ (Ha.); cf. ll. 1139, 1442, 2313, etc.
+
+l. 103. See Ha., p. 4.
+
+l. 106. "The perfect and pluperfect are often expressed, as in Modern
+English, by hæfð and hæfde with the past participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 433,
+408, 940, 205 (p. p. inflected in the last two cases), etc.
+
+l. 106. S. destroys period here, reads in Caines, etc., and puts þone ...
+drihten in parenthesis.
+
+l. 108. þäs þe = _because_, especially after verbs of thanking (cf. ll.
+228, 627, 1780, 2798); _according as_ (l. 1351).
+
+l. 108. The def. article is omitted with Drihten (_Lord_) and Deofol
+(_devil_; cf. l. 2089), as it is, generally, sparingly employed in poetry;
+cf. tô sæ (l. 318), ofer sæ (l. 2381), on lande (l. 2311), tô räste (l.
+1238), on wicge (l. 286), etc., etc.
+
+l. 119. weras (S., H.-So.); wera (K., Th.).--_Beit._ ix. 137.
+
+l. 120. unfælo = _uncanny_ (R.).
+
+l. 131. E. translates, _majestic rage;_ adopting Gr.'s view that swyð is =
+Icel. sviði, _a burn_ or _burning_. Cf. l. 737.
+
+l. 142. B. supposes heal-þegnes to be corrupted from helþegnes; cf. l.
+101.--_Beit._ xii. 80. See Gûðlâc, l. 1042.
+
+l. 144. See Ha., p. 6, for S.'s rearrangement.
+
+l. 146. S. destroys period after sêlest, puts wäs ... micel in parenthesis,
+and inserts a colon after tîd.
+
+l. 149. B. reads sârcwidum for syððan.
+
+l. 154. B. takes sibbe for accus. obj. of wolde, and places a comma after
+Deniga.--_Beit._ xii. 82.
+
+l. 159. R. suggests ac se for atol.
+
+l. 168. H.-So. plausibly conjectures this parenthesis to be a late
+insertion, as, at ll. 180-181, the Danes also are said to be heathen.
+Another commentator considers the throne under a "spell of enchantment,"
+and therefore it could not be touched.
+
+l. 169. ne ... wisse: _nor had he desire to do so_ (W.). See Ha., p. 7, for
+other suggestions.
+
+l. 169. myne wisse occurs in _Wanderer_, l. 27.
+
+l. 174. The gerundial inf. with tô expresses purpose, defines a noun or
+adjective, or, with the verb be, expresses duty or necessity passively; cf.
+ll. 257, 473, 1004, 1420, 1806, etc. Cf. tô + inf. at ll. 316, 2557.
+
+ll. 175-188. E. regards this passage as dating the time and place of the
+poem relatively to the times of heathenism. Cf. the opening lines, _In days
+of yore_, etc., as if the story, even then, were very old.
+
+l. 177. gâst-bona is regarded by Ettmüller and G. Stephens (_Thunor_, p.
+54) as an epithet of Thor (= _giant-killer_), a kenning for Thunor or Thor,
+meaning both _man_ and _monster_.--E.
+
+l. 189. Cf. l. 1993, where similar language is used. H.-So. takes both
+môd-ceare and mæl-ceare as accus., others as instr.
+
+ll. 190, 1994. seáð: for this use of seóðan cf. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._, ed.
+Miller, p. 128, where p. p. soden is thus used.
+
+l. 194. fram hâm = _in his home_ (S., H.-So.); but fram hâm may be for fram
+him (_from them_, i.e. _his people_, or _from Hrothgar's_). Cf. Ha., p. 8.
+
+l. 197. Cf. ll. 791, 807, for this fixed phrase.
+
+l. 200. See _Andreas, Elene_, and _Juliana_ for swan-râd (_= sea_). "The
+swan is said to breed wild now no further away than the North of Sweden."
+--E. Cf. ganotes bäð, l. 1862.
+
+l. 203. Concessive clauses with þeáh, þeáh þe, þeáh ... eal, vary with
+subj. and ind., according as fact or contingency is dominant in the mind;
+cf. ll. 526, 1168, 2032, etc. (subj.), 1103, 1614 (ind.). Cf. gif, nefne.
+
+l. 204. hæl, an OE. word found in Wülker's Glossaries in various forms, =
+_augury, omen, divination_, etc. Cf. hælsere, _augur_; hæl, _omen;_
+hælsung, _augurium_, hælsian, etc. Cf. Tac., _Germania_, 10.
+
+l. 207. C. adds "= _impetrare_" to the other meanings of findan given in
+the Gloss.
+
+l. 217. Cf. l. 1910; and _Andreas_, l. 993.--E. E. compares Byron's
+
+    "And fast and falcon-like the vessel flew,"
+       --_Corsair_, i.17.
+
+and Scott's
+
+    "Merrily, merrily bounds the bark."
+      --_Lord of the Isles_, iv. 7.
+
+l. 218. Cf.
+    "The fomy stedes on the golden brydel
+    Gnawinge."
+      --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1648, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 219. Does ân-tîd mean _hour_ (Th.), or _corresponding hour_ = ând-tîd
+(H.-So.), or _in due time_ (E.), or _after a time_, when ôþres, etc., would
+be adv. gen.? See C., _Beit._ viii. 568.
+
+l. 224. eoletes may = (1) _voyage_; (2) _toil, labor_; (3) _hurried
+journey;_ but _sea_ or _fjord_ appears preferable.
+
+ll. 229-257. "The scenery ... is laid on the coast of the North Sea and the
+Kattegat, the first act of the poem among the Danes in Seeland, the second
+among the Geats in South Sweden."--Br., p. 15.
+
+l. 239. "A shoal of simple terms express in _Beówulf_ the earliest
+sea-thoughts of the English.... The simplest term is Sæ.... To this they
+added Wæter, Flod, Stream, Lagu, Mere, Holm, Grund, Heathu, Sund, Brim,
+Garsecg, Eagor, Geofon, Fifel, Hron-rad, Swan-rad, Segl-rad,
+Ganotes-bæð."--Br., p. 163-166.
+
+l. 239. "The infinitive is often used in poetry after a verb of motion
+where we should use the present participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 711, 721, 1163
+1803, 268, etc. Cf. German _spazieren fahren reiten_, etc., and similar
+constructions in French, etc.
+
+l. 240, W. reads hringed-stefnan for helmas bæron. B. inserts (?) after
+holmas and begins a new line at the middle of the verse. S. omits B.'s "on
+the wall."
+
+l. 245. Double and triple negatives strengthen each other and do not
+produce an affirmative in A.-S. or M. E. The neg. is often prefixed to
+several emphatic words in the sentence, and readily contracts with vowels,
+and h or w; cf. ll. 863, 182, 2125, 1509, 575, 583, 3016, etc.
+
+l. 249. seld-guma = _man-at-arms in another's house_ (Wood); = _low-ranking
+fellow_ (Ha.); stubenhocker, _stay-at-home_ (Gr.), Scott's "carpet knight,"
+_Marmion_, i. 5.
+
+l. 250. näfne (nefne, nemne) usually takes the subj., = _unless_; cf. ll.
+1057, 3055, 1553. For ind., = _except_, see l. 1354. Cf. bûtan, gif, þeáh.
+
+l. 250. For a remarkable account of armor and weapons in _Beówulf_, see S.
+A. Brooke, _Hist. of Early Eng. Lit_. For general "Old Teutonic Life in
+Beówulf," see J. A. Harrison, _Overland Monthly_.
+
+l. 252. ær as a conj. generally has subj., as here; cf. ll. 264, 677, 2819,
+732. For ind., cf. l. 2020.
+
+l. 253. leás = _loose_, _roving_. Ettmüller corrected to leáse.
+
+l. 256. This proverb (ôfest, etc.) occurs in _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 293.
+
+l. 258. An "elder" may be a very young man; hence yldesta, = _eminent_, may
+be used of Beowulf. Cf. _Laws of Ælfred_, C. 17: Nâ þät ælc eald sý, ac þät
+he eald sý on wîsdôme.
+
+l. 273. Verbs of hearing and seeing are often followed by acc. with inf.;
+cf. ll. 229, 1024, 729, 1517, etc. Cf. German construction with _sehen,
+horen_, etc., French construction with _voir, entendre_, etc., and the
+classical constructions.
+
+l. 275. dæd-hata = _instigator_. Kl. reads dæd-hwata.
+
+l. 280. ed-wendan, n. (B.; cf. 1775), = edwenden, limited by bisigu. So ten
+Br. = _Tidskr_. viii. 291.
+
+l. 287. "Each is denoted ... also by the strengthened forms 'æghwæðer
+('ægðer), éghwæðer, etc. This prefixed 'æ, óe corresponds to the Goth,
+_aiw_, OHG. _eo_, _io_, and is umlauted from á, ó by the i of the gi which
+originally followed."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 190.
+
+l. 292. "All through the middle ages suits of armour are called
+'weeds.'"--E.
+
+l. 303. "An English warrior went into battle with a boar-crested helmet,
+and a round linden shield, with a byrnie of ringmail ... with two javelins
+or a single ashen spear some eight or ten feet long, with a long two-edged
+sword naked or held in an ornamental scabbard.... In his belt was a short,
+heavy, one-edged sword, or rather a long knife, called the seax ... used
+for close quarters."--Br., p. 121.
+
+l. 303. For other references to the boar-crest, cf. ll. 1112, 1287, 1454;
+Grimm, _Myth._ 195; Tacitus, _Germania_, 45. "It was the symbol of their
+[the Baltic Æstii's] goddess, and they had great faith in it as a
+preservative from hard knocks."--E. See the print in the illus. ed. of
+Green's _Short History_, Harper & Bros.
+
+l. 303. "See Kemble, _Saxons in England_, chapter on heathendom, and
+Grimm's _Teutonic Mythology_, chapter on Freyr, for the connection these
+and other writers establish between the Boar-sign and the golden boar which
+Freyr rode, and his worship."--Br., p. 128. Cf. _Elene_, l. 50.
+
+l. 304. Gering proposes hleór-bergan = _cheek-protectors_; cf. _Beit._ xii.
+26. "A bronze disk found at Öland in Sweden represents two warriors in
+helmets with boars as their crests, and cheek-guards under; these are the
+hleór-bergan."--E. Cf. hauberk, with its diminutive habergeon, < A.-S.
+heals, _neck_ + beorgan, _to cover_ or _protect_; and harbor, < A.-S. here,
+_army_ + beorgan, id.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ xii. 123. Cf. cinberge, Hunt's
+_Exod._ l. 175.
+
+l. 305. For ferh wearde and gûðmôde grummon, B. and ten Br. read
+ferh-wearde (l. 305) and gûðmôdgum men (l. 306), = _the boar-images ...
+guarded the lives of the warlike men_.
+
+l. 311. leóma: cf. Chaucer, _Nonne Preestes Tale_, l. 110, ed. Morris:
+
+    "To dremen in here dremes
+    Of armes, and of fyr with rede _lemes_."
+
+l. 318. On the double gender of sæ, cf. Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 147; and
+note the omitted article at ll. 2381, 318, 544, with the peculiar tmesis of
+_between_ at ll. 859, 1298, 1686, 1957. So _Cædmon_, l. 163 (Thorpe),
+_Exod._ l. 562 (Hunt), etc.
+
+l. 320. Cf. l. 924; and _Andreas_, l. 987, where almost the same words
+occur. "Here we have manifestly before our eye one of those ancient
+causeways, which are among the oldest visible institutions of
+civilization." --E.
+
+l. 322. S. inserts comma after scîr, and makes hring-îren (= _ring-mail_)
+parallel with gûð-byrne.
+
+l. 325. Cf. l. 397. "The deposit of weapons outside before entering a house
+was the rule at all periods.... In provincial Swedish almost everywhere a
+church porch is called våkenhus,... i.e. _weapon-house_, because the
+worshippers deposited their arms there before they entered the house."--E.,
+after G. Stephens.
+
+l. 333. Cf. Dryden's "mingled metal _damask'd_ o'er with gold."--E.
+
+l. 336. "æl-, el-, kindred with Goth. _aljis_, other, e.g. in ælþéodig,
+elþéodig, foreign."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 47.
+
+l. 336. Cf. l. 673 for the functions of an ombiht-þegn.
+
+l. 343. Cf. l. 1714 for the same beód-geneátas,--"the predecessor title to
+that of the Knights of the Table Round."--E. Cf. _Andreas_ (K.), l. 2177.
+
+l. 344. The future is sometimes expressed by willan + inf., generally with
+some idea of volition involved; cf. ll. 351, 427, etc. Cf. the use of
+willan as principal vb. (with omitted inf.) at ll. 318, 1372, 543, 1056;
+and sculan, ll. 1784, 2817.
+
+l. 353. sîð here, and at l. 501, probably means _arrival_. E. translates
+the former by _visit_, the latter by _adventure_.
+
+l. 357. unhâr = _hairless, bald_ (Gr., etc.).
+
+l. 358. eode is only one of four or five preterits of gân (gongan, gangan,
+gengan), viz. geóng (gióng: ll. 926, 2410, etc.), gang (l. 1296, etc.),
+gengde (ll. 1402, 1413). Sievers, p. 217, apparently remarks that eode is
+"probably used only in prose." (?!). Cf. geng, _Gen._ ll. 626, 834; _Exod._
+(Hunt) l. 102.
+
+l. 367. The MS. and H.-So. read with Gr. and B. glädman Hrôðgâr, abandoning
+Thorkelin's glädnian. There is a glass. hilaris glädman.--_Beit._ xii. 84;
+same as gläd.
+
+l. 369. dugan is a "preterit-present" verb, with new wk. preterit, like
+sculan, durran, magan, etc. For various inflections, see ll. 573, 590,
+1822, 526. Cf. _do_ in "that will _do_"; _doughty_, etc.
+
+l. 372. Cf. l. 535 for a similar use; and l. 1220. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._,
+ed. Miller, uses the same expression several times. "Here, and in all other
+places where cniht occurs in this poem, it seems to carry that technical
+sense which it bore in the military hierarchy [of a noble youth placed out
+and learning the elements of the art of war in the service of a qualified
+warrior, to whom he is, in a military sense, a servant], before it bloomed
+out in the full sense of _knight_."--E.
+
+l. 373. E. remarks of the hyphened eald-fäder, "hyphens are risky toys to
+play with in fixing texts of pre-hyphenial antiquity"; eald-fäder could
+only = _grandfather_. eald here can only mean _honored_, and the hyphen is
+unnecessary. Cf. "old fellow," "my old man," etc.; and Ger. _alt-vater_.
+
+l. 378. Th. and B. propose Geátum, as presents from the Danish to the
+Geatish king.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+l. 380. häbbe. The subj. is used in indirect narration and question, wish
+and command, purpose, result, and hypothetical comparison with swelce = _as
+if_.
+
+ll. 386, 387. Ten Br. emends to read: "Hurry, bid the kinsman-throng go
+into the hall together."
+
+l. 387. sibbe-gedriht, for Beowulf's friends, occurs also at l. 730. It is
+subject-acc. to seón. Cf. ll. 347, 365, and Hunt's _Exod_. l. 214.
+
+l. 404. "Here, as in the later Icelandic halls, Beowulf saw Hrothgar
+enthroned on a high seat at the east end of the hall. The seat is sacred.
+It has a supernatural quality. Grendel, the fiend, cannot approach
+it."--Br., p. 34. Cf. l. 168.
+
+l. 405. "At Benty Grange, in Derbyshire, an Anglo-Saxon barrow, opened in
+1848, contained a coat of mail. 'The iron chain work consists of a large
+number of links of two kinds attached to each other by small rings half an
+inch in diameter; one kind flat and lozenge-shaped ... the others all of
+one kind, but of different lengths.'"--Br., p. 126.
+
+l. 407. Wes ... hâl: this ancient Teutonic greeting afterwards grew into
+wassail. Cf. Skeat's _Luke_, i. 28; _Andreas_ (K.), 1827; Layamon, l.
+14309, etc.
+
+l. 414. "The distinction between wesan and weorðan [in passive relations]
+is not very clearly defined, but wesan appears to indicate a state, weorðan
+generally an action."--Sw. Cf. Mod. German _werden_ and _sein_ in similar
+relations.
+
+l. 414. Gr. translates hâdor by _receptaculum_; cf. Gering, _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ xii. 124. Toller-Bosw. ignores Gr.'s suggestion.
+
+ll. 420, 421. B. reads: þær ic (_on_) fîfelgeban (= _ocean_) ýðde eotena
+cyn. Ten Br. reads: þær ic fîfelgeban ýðde, eotena hâm. Ha. suggests
+fîfelgeband = _monster-band_, without further changes.
+
+l. 420. R. reads þæra = _of them_, for þær.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 399;
+_Beit._ xii. 367.
+
+l. 420. "niht has a gen., nihtes, used for the most part only adverbially,
+and almost certainly to be regarded as masculine."--Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 158.
+
+l. 425. Cf. also ll. 435, 635, 2345, for other examples of Beowulf's
+determination to fight single-handed.
+
+l. 441. þe hine = _whom_, as at l. 1292, etc. The indeclinable þe is often
+thus combined with personal pronouns, = relative, and is sometimes
+separated from them by a considerable interval.--Sw.
+
+l. 443. The MS. has Geotena. B. and Fahlbeck, says H.-So., do not consider
+the Geátas, but the Jutes, as the inhabitants of Swedish West-Gothland.
+Alfred translates Juti by Geátas, but _Jutland_ by _Gotland_. In the laws
+they are called Guti.--_Beit._ xii. 1, etc.
+
+l. 444. B., Gr., and Ha. make unforhte an adv. = _fearlessly_, modifying
+etan. Kl. reads anforhte = _timid_.
+
+l. 446. Cf. l. 2910. Th. translates: _thou wilt not need my head to hide_
+(i.e. _bury_). Simrock supposes a dead-watch or lyke-wake to be meant.
+Wood, _thou wilt not have to bury so much as my head!_ H.-So. supposes
+heáfod-weard, _a guard of honor_, such as sovereigns or presumptive rulers
+had, to be meant by hafalan hýdan; hence, _you need not give me any guard_,
+etc. Cf. Schmid, _Gesetze der A._, 370-372.
+
+l. 447. S. places a colon after nimeð.
+
+l. 451. H.-So., Ha., and B. (_Beit._ xii. 87) agree essentially in
+translating feorme, _food_. R. translates _consumption of my corpse.
+Maintenance, support_, seems preferable to either.
+
+l. 452. Rönning (after Grimm) personifies Hild.--_Beovulfs Kvadet_, l. 59.
+Hildr is the name of one of the Scandinavian Walkyries, or battle-maidens,
+who transport the spirits of the slain to Walhalla. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l.
+18, etc.
+
+l. 455. "The war-smiths, especially as forgers of the sword, were garmented
+with legend, and made into divine personages. Of these Weland is the type,
+husband of a swan maiden, and afterwards almost a god."-- Br., p. 120. Cf.
+A. J. C. Hare's account of "Wayland Smith's sword with which Henry II. was
+knighted," and which hung in Westminster Abbey to a late date.--_Walks in
+London_, ii. 228.
+
+l. 455. This is the ælces mannes wyrd of Boethius (Sw., p. 44) and the wyrd
+bið swîðost of Gnomic Verses, 5. There are about a dozen references to it
+in _Beówulf_.
+
+l. 455. E. compares the fatalism of this concluding hemistich with the
+Christian tone of l. 685 _seq._
+
+ll. 457, 458. B. reads wære-ryhtum ( = _from the obligations of
+clientage_).
+
+l. 480. Cf. l. 1231, where the same sense, "flown with wine," occurs.
+
+l. 488. "The duguð, the mature and ripe warriors, the aristocracy of the
+nation, are the support of the throne."--E. The M. E. form of the word,
+_douth_, occurs often. Associated with geogoð, ll. 160 and 622.
+
+l. 489. Kl. omits comma after meoto and reads (with B.) sige-hrêð-secgum, =
+_disclose thy thought to the victor-heroes_. Others, as Körner, convert
+meoto into an imperative and divide on sæl = _think upon happiness_. But
+cf. onband beadu-rûne, l. 501. B. supposes onsæl meoto =_speak courteous
+words_. _Tidskr_. viii. 292; _Haupts Zeitschr._ xi. 411; _Eng. Stud_. ii.
+251.
+
+l. 489. Cf. the invitation at l. 1783.
+
+l. 494. Cf. Grimm's _Andreas_, l. 1097, for deal, =_proud, elated,
+exulting; Phoenix_ (Bright), l. 266.
+
+l. 499. MS. has Hunferð, but the alliteration requires Ûnferð, as at ll.
+499, 1166, 1489; and cf. ll. 1542, 2095, 2930. See _List of Names_.
+
+l. 501. sîð = _arrival_ (?); cf. l. 353.
+
+l. 504. þon mâ = _the more_ (?), may be added to the references under þon.
+
+l. 506. E. compares the taunt of Eliab to David, I Sam. xvii. 28.
+
+l. 509. dol-gilp = _idle boasting_. The second definition in the Gloss. is
+wrong.
+
+l. 513. "Eagor-stream might possibly be translated the stream of Eagor, the
+awful terror-striking stormy sea in which the terrible [Scandinavian] giant
+dwelt, and through which he acted."--Br., p. 164. He remarks, "The English
+term _eagre_ still survives in provincial dialect for the tide-wave or bore
+on rivers. Dryden uses it in his _Threnod. Angust._ 'But like an _eagre_
+rode in triumph o'er the tide.' Yet we must be cautious," etc. Cf. Fox's
+_Boethius_, ll. 20, 236; Thorpe's _Cædmon_, 69, etc.
+
+l. 524. Krüger and B. read Bânstânes.--_Beit._ ix. 573.
+
+l. 525. R. reads wyrsan (= wyrses: cf. Mod. Gr. _guten Muthes_) geþinges;
+but H.-So. shows that the MS. wyrsan ... þingea = wyrsena þinga, _can
+stand_; cf. gen. pl. banan, _Christ_, l. 66, etc.
+
+l. 534. Insert, under eard-lufa (in Gloss.), earfoð, st. n., _trouble,
+difficulty, struggle_; acc. pl. earfeðo, 534.
+
+l. 545 _seq._ "Five nights Beowulf and Breca kept together, not swimming,
+but sailing in open boats (to swim the seas is to sail the seas), then
+storm drove them asunder ... Breca is afterwards chief of the Brondings, a
+tribe mentioned in _Wîdsíth_. The story seems legendary, not
+mythical."--Br., pp. 60, 61.
+
+ll. 574-578. B. suggests swâ þær for hwäðere, = _so there it befell me_.
+But the word at l. 574 seems = _however_, and at l. 578 = _yet_; cf. l.
+891; see S.; _Beit._ ix. 138; _Tidskr_. viii. 48; _Zacher_, iii. 387, etc.
+
+l. 586. Gr. and Grundt. read fâgum sweordum (no ic þäs fela gylpe!),
+supplying fela and blending the broken half-lines into one. Ho. and Kl.
+supply geflites.
+
+l. 599. E. translates nýd-bâde by _blackmail_; adding "nêd bâd, _toll_; nêd
+bâdere, _tolltaker_."--Land Charters, Gloss, v.
+
+l. 601. MS. has ond = _and_ in three places only (601, 1149, 2041);
+elsewhere it uses the symbol 7 = _and_.
+
+l. 612. _seq._ Cf. the drinking ceremony at l. 1025. "The royal lady offers
+the cup to Beowulf, not in his turn where he sate among the rest, but after
+it has gone the round; her approach to Beowulf is an act apart."--E.
+
+l. 620. "The [loving] cup which went the round of the company and was
+tasted by all," like the Oriel and other college anniversary cups.--E.
+
+l. 622. Cf. ll. 160, 1191, for the respective places of young and old.
+
+l. 623. Cf. the circlet of gold worn by Wealhþeów at l. 1164.
+
+l. 631. gyddode. Cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ l. 237 (ed. Morris):
+
+    "Of _yeddynges_ he bar utterly the prys."
+
+Cf. _giddy_.
+
+l. 648. Kl. suggests a period after geþinged, especially as B. (_Tidskr_.
+viii. 57) has shown that oþþe is sometimes = ond. Th. supplies ne.
+
+l. 650. oþþe here and at ll. 2476, 3007, probably = _and_.
+
+l. 651. Cf. 704, where sceadu-genga (the _night-ganger_ of _Leechdoms_, ii.
+344) is applied to the demon.--E.
+
+l. 659. Cf. l. 2431 for same formula, "to have and to hold" of the Marriage
+Service.--E.
+
+l. 681. B. considers þeáh ... eal a precursor of Mod. Eng. _although_.
+
+l. 682. gôdra = _advantages in battle_ (Gr.), _battle-skill_ (Ha.), _skill
+in war_ (H.-So.). Might not nât be changed to nah = ne + âh (cf. l. 2253),
+thus justifying the translation _ability_ (?) --_he has not the ability
+to_, etc.
+
+l. 695. Kl. reads hiera.--_Beit._ ix. 189. B. omits hîe as occurring in the
+previous hemistich.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 698. "Here Destiny is a web of cloth."--E., who compares the Greek
+Clotho, "spinster of fate." Women are also called "weavers of peace," as l.
+1943. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l. 88; _Wîdsîð_, l. 6, etc.
+
+l. 711. B. translates þâ by _when_ and connects with the preceding
+sentences, thus rejecting the ordinary canto-division at l. 711. He objects
+to the use of com as principal vb. at ll. 703, 711, and 721. (_Beit_, xii.)
+
+l. 711. "Perhaps the Gnomic verse which tells of Thyrs, the giant, is
+written with Grendel in the writer's mind,--þyrs sceal on fenne gewunian
+âna inuan lande, _the giant shall dwell in the fen, alone in the land_
+(Sweet's Read., p. 187)."--Br. p. 36.
+
+l. 717. Dietrich, in _Haupt._ xi. 419, quotes from Ælfric, _Hom._ ii. 498:
+hê beworhte þâ bigelsas mid gyldenum læfrum, _he covered the arches with
+gold-leaf_,--a Roman custom derived from Carthage. Cf. Mod. Eng. _oriel_ =
+_aureolum_, a gilded room.--E. (quoting Skeat). Cf. ll. 2257, 1097, 2247,
+2103, 2702, 2283, 333, 1751, for various uses of gold-sheets.
+
+l. 720. B. and ten Br. suggest _hell-thane_ (Grendel) for heal-þegnas, and
+make häle refer to Beowulf. Cf. l. 142.
+
+l. 723. Z. reads [ge]hrân.
+
+l. 727. For this use of standan, cf. ll. 2314, 2770; and Vergil, _Ecl._ ii. 26:
+
+    "Cum placidum ventis _staret_ mare."
+
+l. 757. gedräg. _Tumult_ is one of the meanings of this word. Here, appar.
+= _occupation, lair_.
+
+l. 759. R. reads môdega for gôda, "because the attribute cannot be
+separated from the word modified unless the two alliterate."
+
+l. 762. Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1537, for a similar use of ût = _off_.--E.
+
+l. 769. The foreign words in _Beówulf_ (as ceaster-here) are not numerous;
+others are (aside from proper names like _Cain, Abel_, etc.) deófol
+(diabolus), candel (l. 1573), ancor (l. 303), scrîfan (for- ge-), segn (l.
+47), gigant (l. 113), mîl- (l. 1363), stræt (l. 320), ombeht (l. 287), gim
+(l. 2073), etc.
+
+l. 770. MS. reads cerwen, a word conceived by B. and others to be part of a
+fem. compd.: -scerwen like -wenden in ed-wenden, -ræden, etc. (cf.
+meodu-scerpen in _Andreas_, l. 1528); emended to -scerwen, _a great scare
+under the figure of a mishap at a drinking-bout_; one might compare
+bescerwan, _to deprive_, from bescyrian (Grein, i. 93), hence ealu-seerwen
+would = _a sudden taking away, deprivation, of the beer_.--H.-So., p. 93.
+See B., _Tidskr_. viii. 292.
+
+l. 771. Ten Br. reads rêðe, rênhearde, = _raging, exceeding bold_.
+
+l. 792. Instrumental adverbial phrases like ænige þinga, nænige þinga (_not
+at all_), hûru þinga (_especially_) are not infrequent. See Cook's Sievers'
+Gram., p. 178; March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 182.
+
+l. 811. myrðe. E. translates _in wanton mood_. Toller-Bosw. does not
+recognize _sorrow_ as one of the meanings of this word.
+
+ll. 850, 851. S. reads deóp for deóg and erases semicolon after weól, =
+_the death-stained deep welled with sword-gore_; cf. l. 1424. B. reads
+deáð-fæges deóp, etc., = _the deep welled with the doomed one's
+gore_.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 857. The meaning of blaneum is partly explained by fealwe mearas below,
+l. 866. Cf. Layamon's "and leop on his _blancke" = steed_, l. 23900; Kent's
+_Elene_, l. 1185.
+
+l. 859. Körner, _Eng. Stud_. i. 482, regards the oft-recurring be sæm
+tweónum as a mere formula = _on earth_; cf. ll. 1298, 1686. tweóne is part
+of the separable prep. _between_; see be-. Cf. Baskerville's _Andreas_, l.
+558.
+
+l. 865. Cf. _Voyage of Ôhthere and Wulfstân_ for an account of funeral
+horse-racing, Sweet's Read., p. 22.
+
+l. 868. See Ha., p. 31, for a variant translation.
+
+l. 871 _seq._ R. considers this a technical description of improvised
+alliterative verse, suggested by and wrought out on the spur of the moment.
+
+l. 872. R. and B. propose secg[an], = _rehearse_, for secg, which suits the
+verbs in the next two lines.
+
+ll. 878-98. "It pleases me to think that it is in English literature we
+possess the first sketch of that mighty saga [the Volsunga Saga = Wälsinges
+gewin] which has for so many centuries engaged all the arts, and at last in
+the hands of Wagner the art of music."--Br., p. 63. Cf. _Nibelung. Lied_,
+l. 739.
+
+l. 894. Intransitive verbs, as gân, weorðan, sometimes take habban, "to
+indicate independent action."--Sw. Cf. hafað ... geworden, l. 2027.
+
+l. 895. "brûcan (_enjoy_) always has the genitive."--Sw.; cf. l. 895; acc.,
+gen., instr., dat., according to March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 151.
+
+l. 898. Scherer proposes hâte, = _from heat_, instr. of hât, _heat_; cf. l.
+2606.
+
+l. 901. hê þäs âron þâh = _he throve in honor_ (B.). Ten Br. inserts comma
+after þâh, making siððan introduce a depend. clause.--_Beit._ viii. 568.
+Cf. weorð-myndum þâh, l. 8; ll. 1155, 1243.--H.-So.
+
+l. 902. Heremôdes is considered by Heinzel to be a mere epithet = _the
+valiant_; which would refer the whole passage to Sigmund (Sigfrid), the
+eotenas, l. 903, being the Nibelungen. This, says H.-So., gets rid of the
+contradiction between the good "Heremôd" here and the bad one, l. 1710
+_seq._--B. however holds fast to Heremôd.--_Beit._ xii. 41. on feónda
+geweald, l. 904,--_into the hands of devils_, says B.; cf. ll. 809, 1721,
+2267; _Christ_, l. 1416; _Andreas_, l. 1621; for hine fyren onwôd, cf.
+_Gen._ l. 2579; Hunt's _Dan._ 17: hîe wlenco anwôd.
+
+l. 902 _seq._ "Heremôd's shame is contrasted with the glory of Sigemund,
+and with the prudence, patience, generosity, and gentleness of Beowulf as a
+chieftain."--Br., p. 66.
+
+l. 906. MS. has lemede. Toller-Bosw. corrects to lemedon.
+
+l. 917. Cf. Hunt's _Exod._, l. 170, for similar language.
+
+l. 925. hôs, G. hansa, _company_, "the word from which the mercantile
+association of the 'Hanseatic' towns took their designation."--E.
+
+l. 927. on staþole = _on the floor_ (B., Rask, ten Br.).--_Beit._ xii. 90.
+
+l. 927. May not steápne here = _bright_, from its being immediately
+followed by golde fâhne? Cf. Chaucer's "his eyen _stepe_," _Prol._ l. 201
+(ed. Morris); Cockayne's _Ste. Marherete_, pp. 9, 108; _St. Kath._, l.
+1647.
+
+l. 931. grynna may be for gyrnna (= _sorrows_), gen. plu. of gyrn, as
+suggested by one commentator.
+
+l. 937. B. (_Beit._ xii. 90) makes gehwylcne object of wîd-scofen (häfde).
+Gr. makes weá nom. absolute.
+
+l. 940. scuccum: cf. G. scheuche, scheusal; Prov. Eng. _old-shock_; perhaps
+the pop. interjection _O shucks!_ (!)
+
+l. 959. H. explains we as a "plur. of majesty," which Beówulf throws off at
+l. 964.
+
+l. 963. feónd þone frätgan (B. _Beit._ xii. 90).
+
+l. 976. synnum. "Most abstract words in the poetry have a very wide range
+of meanings, diverging widely from the prose usage, synn, for instance,
+means simply _injury, mischief, hatred_, and the prose meaning _sin_ is
+only a secondary one; hata in poetry is not only _hater_, but _persecutor,
+enemy_, just as nîð is both _hatred_ and _violence, strength_; heard is
+_sharp_ as well as _hard_."--Sw.
+
+l. 986. S. places wäs at end of l. 985 and reads stîðra nägla, omitting
+gehwylc and the commas after that and after sceáwedon. _Beit._ ix. 138;
+stêdra (H.-So.); hand-sporu (H.-So.) at l. 987.
+
+l. 986. Miller (_Anglia_, xii. 3) corrects to æghwylene, in apposition to
+fingras.
+
+l. 987. hand-sporu. See _Anglia_, vii. 176, for a discussion of the
+intrusion of u into the nom. of n-stems.
+
+l. 988. Cf. ll. 2121, 2414, for similar use of unheóru = ungeheuer.
+
+l. 992. B. suggests heátimbred for hâten, and gefrätwon for -od; Kl.,
+hroden (_Beit._ ix. 189).
+
+l. 995, 996. Gold-embroidered tapestries seem to be meant by web =
+_aurifrisium_.
+
+l. 997. After þâra þe = _of those that_, the depend, vb. often takes sg.
+for pl.; cf. ll. 844, 1462, 2384, 2736.--Sw.; Dietrich.
+
+l. 998. "Metathesis of l takes place in seld for setl, bold for botl,"
+etc.--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 96. Cf. Eng. proper names, _Bootle,
+Battle_field, etc.--Skeat, _Principles_, i. 250.
+
+l. 1000. heorras: cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ (ed. Morris) l. 550:
+
+    "Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of _harre_."
+
+ll. 1005-1007. See _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 391, and _Beit._ xii. 368, for
+R.'s and B.'s views of this difficult passage.
+
+l. 1009. Cf. l. 1612 for sæl and mæl, surviving still in E. Anglia in "mind
+your _seals and meals_," = _times and occasions_, i.e. have your wits about
+you.--E.
+
+ll. 1012, 1013. Cf. ll. 753, 754 for two similar comparatives used in
+conjunction.
+
+l. 1014. Cf. l. 327 for similar language.
+
+ll. 1015, 1016. H.-So. puts these two lines in parentheses (fylle ...
+þâra). Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 91.
+
+l. 1024. One of the many famous swords spoken of in the poem. See Hrunting,
+ll. 1458, 1660; Hûnlâfing, l. 1144, etc. Cf. Excalibur, Roland's sword, the
+Nibelung Balmung, etc.
+
+l. 1034. scûr-heard. For an ingenious explanation of this disputed word see
+Professor Pearce's article in _Mod. Lang. Notes_, Nov. 1, 1892, and ensuing
+discussion.
+
+l. 1039. eoderas is of doubtful meaning. H. and Toller-Bosw. regard the
+word here = _enclosure, palings of the court_. Cf. _Cædmon_, ll. 2439,
+2481. The passage throws interesting light on horses and their trappings
+
+l. 1043. Grundt. emends wîg to wicg, = _charger_; and E. quotes Tacitus,
+_Germania_, 7.
+
+l. 1044. "Power over each and both"; cf. "all and some," "one and all."
+
+For Ingwin, see _List of Names_.
+
+l. 1065. Gr. contends that fore here = de, _concerning, about_ (Ebert's
+_Jahrb._, 1862, p. 269).
+
+l. 1069. H.-So. supplies fram after eaferum, to govern it, = _concerning_
+(?). Cf. _Fight at Finnsburg_, Appendix.
+
+l. 1070. For the numerous names of the Danes, "bright-" "spear-" "east-"
+"west-" "ring-" Danes, see these words.
+
+l. 1073. Eotenas = _Finn's people, the Frisians_; cf. ll. 1089, 1142, 1146,
+etc., and _Beit._ xii. 37. Why they are so called is not known.
+
+l. 1084. R. proposes wiht Hengeste wið gefeohtan (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii.
+394). Kl., wið H. wiht gefeohtan.
+
+ll. 1085 and 1099. weá-lâf occurs in Wulfstan, _Hom._ 133, ed. Napier.--E.
+Cf. daroða lâf, _Brunanb._, l. 54; âdes lâfe, _Phoenix_, 272 (Bright), etc.
+
+l. 1098. elne unflitme = _so dass der eid (der inhalt des eides) nicht
+streitig war_.--B., _Beit._ iii. 30. But cf. 1130, where Hengist and Finn
+are again brought into juxtaposition and the expression ealles (?) unhlitme
+occurs.
+
+l. 1106. The pres. part. + be, as myndgiend wære here, is comparatively
+rare in original A.-S. literature, but occurs abundantly in translations
+from the Latin. The periphrasis is generally meaningless. Cf. l. 3029.
+
+l. 1108. Körner suggests ecge, = _sword_, in reference to a supposed old
+German custom of placing ornaments, etc., on the point of a sword or spear
+(_Eng. Stud._ i. 495). Singer, ince-gold = _bright gold_; B., andiége =
+Goth, _andaugjo, evidently_. Cf. incge lâfe, l. 2578. Possibly: and inge (=
+_young men_) gold âhôfon of horde. For inge, cf. Hunt's _Exod._ l. 190.
+
+ll. 1115-1120. R. proposes (hêt þâ ...) bânfatu bärnan ond on bæl dôn,
+earme on eaxe = _to place the arms in the ashes_, reading gûðrêc =
+_battle-reek_, for -rinc (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 395). B., Sarrazin
+(_Beit._ xi. 530), Lichtenfeld (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 330), C., etc.,
+propose various emendations. See H.-So., p. 97, and _Beit._ viii. 568. For
+gùðrinc âstâh, cf. Old Norse, _stiga á bál_, "ascend the bale-fire."
+
+l. 1116. sweoloðe. "On Dartmoor the burning of the furze up the hillsides
+to let new grass grow, is called _zwayling_."--E. Cf. _sultry_, G.
+_schwül_, etc.
+
+l. 1119. Cf. wudu-rêc âstâh, l. 3145; and _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 450: wælmist
+âstâh.
+
+l. 1122. ätspranc = _burst forth, arose_ (omitted from the Gloss.), < ät +
+springan.
+
+l. 1130. R. and Gr. read elne unflitme, = _loyally and without contest_, as
+at l. 1098. Cf. Ha., p. 39; H.-So., p. 97.
+
+l. 1137. scacen = _gone_; cf. ll. 1125, 2307, 2728.
+
+l. 1142. "The sons of the Eotenas" (B., _Beit._ xii. 31, who conjectures a
+gap after 1142).
+
+l. 1144. B. separates thus: Hûn Lâfing, = _Hûn placed the sword Lâfing_,
+etc.--_Beit._ xii. 32; cf. R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 396. Heinzel and
+Homburg make other conjectures (Herrig's _Archiv_, 72, 374, etc.).
+
+l. 1143. B., H.-So., and Möller read: worod rædenne, þonne him Hûn Lâfing,
+= _military brotherhood, when Hûn laid upon his breast_ (the sword)
+_Lâfing_. There is a sword _Laufi, Lövi_ in the Norse sagas; but swords,
+armor, etc., are often called the _leaving_ (lâf) of files, hammers, etc.,
+especially a precious heirloom; cf. ll. 454, 1033, 2830, 2037, 2629, 796,
+etc., etc.
+
+l. 1152. roden = _reddened_ (B., _Tidskr_. viii. 295).
+
+l. 1160. For ll. 1069-1160, containing the Finn episode, cf. Möller,
+_Alteng. Volksepos_, 69, 86, 94; Heinzel, _Anz. f. dtsch. Altert._, 10,
+226; B., _Beit._ xii. 29-37. Cf. _Wîdsîð_, l. 33, etc.
+
+ll. 1160, 1161. leóð (lied = _song, lay_) and gyd here appear synonyms.
+
+ll. 1162-1165. "Behind the wars and tribal wanderings, behind the
+contentions of the great, we watch in this poem the steady, continuous life
+of home, the passions and thoughts of men, the way they talked and moved
+and sang and drank and lived and loved among one another and for one
+another."--Br., p. 18.
+
+l. 1163. Cf. _wonderwork_. So _wonder-death, wonder-bidding,
+wonder-treasure, -smith, -sight_, etc. at ll. 1748, 3038, 2174, 1682, 996,
+etc. Cf. the German use of the same intensive, = _wondrous_, in
+_wunder-schön_, etc.
+
+l. 1165. þâ gyt points to some future event when "each" was not "true to
+other," undeveloped in this poem, suhtor-gefäderan = Hrôðgâr and Hrôðulf,
+l. 1018. Cf. âðum-swerian, l. 84.
+
+l. 1167 almost repeats l. 500, ät fôtum, etc., where Ûnferð is first
+introduced.
+
+l. 1191. E. sees in this passage separate seats for youth and middle-aged
+men, as in English college halls, chapels, convocations, and churches
+still.
+
+l. 1192. ymbutan, _round about_, is sometimes thus separated: ymb hie ûtan;
+cf. _Voyage of Ôhthere_, etc. (Sw.), p. 18, l. 34, etc.; _Beówulf_, ll.
+859, 1686, etc.
+
+l. 1194. bewägned, a [Greek: hapax legomenon], tr. _offered_ by Th.
+Probably a p. p. wägen, made into a vb. by -ian, like _own, drown_, etc.
+Cf. hafenian ( < hafen, < hebban), etc.
+
+l. 1196. E. takes the expression to mean "mantle and its rings or
+broaches." "Rail" long survived in Mid. Eng. (_Piers Plow_., etc.).
+
+l. 1196. This necklace was afterwards given by Beowulf to Hygd, ll. 2173,
+2174.
+
+ll. 1199-1215. From the obscure hints in the passage, a part of the poem
+may be approximately dated,--if Hygelâc is the _Chochi-laicus_ of Gregory
+of Tours, _Hist. Francorum_, iii. 3,--about A.D. 512-20.
+
+l. 1200. The Breosinga men (Icel. _Brisinga men_) is the necklace of the
+goddess Freya; cf. _Elder Edda, Hamarshemt_. Hâma stole the necklace from
+the Gothic King Eormenrîc; cf. _Traveller's Song_, ll. 8, 18, 88, 111. The
+comparison of the two necklaces leads the poet to anticipate Hygelâc's
+history,--a suggestion of the poem's mosaic construction.
+
+l. 1200. For Brôsinga mene, cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 72. C. suggests fleáh, =
+_fled_, for fealh, placing semicolon after byrig, and making hê subject of
+fleáh and geceás.
+
+l. 1202. B. conjectures geceás êcne ræd to mean _he became a pious man and
+at death went to heaven_. Heime (Hâma) in the _Thidrekssaga_ goes into a
+cloister = to choose the better part (?). Cf. H.-So., p. 98. But cf.
+Hrôðgâr's language to Beowulf, ll. 1760, 1761.
+
+l. 1211. S. proposes feoh, = _property_, for feorh, which would be a
+parallel for breóst-gewædu ... beáh below.
+
+l. 1213. E. remarks that in the _Laws of Cnut_, i. 26, the devil is called
+se wôdfreca werewulf, _the ravening werwolf_.
+
+l. 1215. C. proposes heals-bêge onfêng. _Beit._ viii. 570. For hreâ- Kl.
+suggests hræ-.
+
+l. 1227. The son referred to is, according to Ettmüller, the one that
+reigns after Hrôðgâr.
+
+l. 1229. Kl. suggests sî, = _be_, for _is_.
+
+l. 1232. S. gives _wine-elated_ as the meaning of druncne.--_Beit._ ix.
+139; Kl. _ibid_. 189, 194. But cf. _Judith_, ll. 67, 107.
+
+l. 1235. Cf. l. 119 for similarity of language.
+
+l. 1235. Kl. proposes gea-sceaft; but cf. l. 1267.
+
+l. 1246. Ring armor was common in the Middle Ages. E. points out the
+numerous forms of byrne in cognate languages,--Gothic, Icelandic, OHG.,
+Slavonic, O. Irish, Romance, etc. Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, i. 126. Cf.
+Murray's _Dict._ s. v.
+
+l. 1248. ânwîg-gearwe = _ready for single combat_ (C.); but cf. Ha. p. 43;
+_Beit._ ix. 210, 282.
+
+l. 1252. Some consider this _fitt_ the beginning of Part (or Lay) II. of
+the original epic, if not a separate work in itself.
+
+l. 1254. K., W., and Ho. read farode = _wasted;_ Kolbing reads furode; but
+cf. wêsten warode, l. 1266. MS. has warode.
+
+ll. 1255-1258. This passage is a good illustration of the constant
+parallelism of word and phrase characteristic of A.-S. poetry, and is
+quoted by Sw. The changes are rung on ende and swylt, on gesýne and wîdcûð,
+etc.
+
+l. 1259. "That this story of Grendel's mother was originally a separate lay
+from the first seems to be suggested by the fact that the monsters are
+described over again, and many new details added, such as would be inserted
+by a new singer who wished to enhance and adorn the original tale."--Br.,
+p. 41.
+
+l. 1259. Cf. l. 107, which also points to the ancestry of murderers and
+monsters and their descent from "Cain."
+
+l. 1261. The MS. has se þe, m.; changed by some to seo þe. At ll. 1393,
+1395, 1498, Grendel's mother is referred to as m.; at ll. 1293, 1505,
+1541-1546, etc., as f., the uncertain pronoun designating a creature female
+in certain aspects, but masculine in demonic strength and
+savageness.--H.-So.; Sw. p. 202. Cf. the masc. epithets at ll. 1380, 2137,
+etc.
+
+l. 1270. âglæca = _Grendel_, though possibly referring to Beowulf, as at l.
+1513.--Sw.
+
+l. 1273. "It is not certain whether anwalda stands for onwealda, or whether
+it should be read ânwealda, = _only ruler_.--Sw.
+
+l. 1279. The MS. has sunu þeod wrecan, which R. changes to sunu
+þeód-wrecan, þeód- = _monstrous_; but why not regard þeód as opposition to
+sunu, = _her son, the prince?_ See Sweet's Reader, and Körner's discussion,
+_Eng. Stud._ i. 500.
+
+l. 1281. Ten Br. suggests (for sôna) sâra = _return of sorrows._
+
+l. 1286. "geþuren (twice so written in MSS.) stands for geþrúen, _forged_,
+and is an isolated p. p."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., 209. But see Toller-Bosw.
+for examples; Sw., Gloss.; March, p. 100, etc.
+
+ll. 1292. þe hine = _whom;_ cf. ll. 441, 1437, 1292; _Hêliand_, l. 1308.
+
+l. 1298. be sæm tweonum; cf. l. 1192; Hunt's _Exod_. l. 442; and Mod. Eng.
+"to _us_-ward, etc.--Earle's _Philol._, p. 449. Cf. note, l. 1192.
+
+l. 1301. C. proposes ôðer him ärn = _another apartment was assigned him_.
+
+l. 1303. B. conjectures under hrôf genam; but Ha., p. 45, shows this to be
+unnecessary, under also meaning _in_, as _in_ (or _under_) these
+circumstances.
+
+l. 1319. E. and Sw. suggest nægde or nêgde, _accosted_, < nêgan = Mid. Ger.
+_nêhwian_, pr. p. _nêhwiandans, approach_. For hnægan, _press down,
+vanquish_, see ll. 1275, 1440, etc.
+
+l. 1321. C. suggests neád-lâðum for neód-laðu, _after crushing hostility_;
+but cf. freónd-laðu, l. 1193.
+
+l. 1334. K. and ten Br. conjecture gefägnod = _rejoicing in her fill_, a
+parallel to æse wlanc, l. 1333.
+
+l. 1340. B. translates: "and she has executed a deed of blood-vengeance of
+far-reaching consequence."--_Beit._ xii. 93.
+
+l. 1345. B. reads geó for eów (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 205).
+
+ll. 1346-1377. "This is a fine piece of folk-lore in the oldest extant
+form.... The authorities for the story are the rustics (ll. 1346, 1356)."
+--E.
+
+l. 1347. Cf. sele-rædende at l. 51.
+
+l. 1351. "The ge [of gewitan] may be merely a scribal error,--a repetition
+(dittography) of the preceding ge of gewislîcost."--Sw.
+
+l. 1352. ides, like firas, _men_, etc., is a poetic word supposed by Grimm
+to have been applied, like Gr. [Greek: númphæ], to superhuman or
+semi-divine women.
+
+ll. 1360-1495 _seq._ E. compares this Dantesque tarn and scenery with the
+poetical accounts of _Æneid_, vii. 563; _Lucretius_, vi. 739, etc.
+
+l. 1360. firgenstreám occurs also in the _Phoenix_ (Bright, p. 168) l. 100;
+_Andreas_, ll. 779, 3144 (K.); _Gnomic Verses_, l. 47, etc.
+
+l. 1363. The genitive is often thus used to denote measure = by or in
+miles; cf. l. 3043; and contrast with partitive gen. at l. 207.
+
+l. 1364. The MS. reads hrinde = hrînende (?), which Gr. adopts; K. and Th.
+read hrinde-bearwas; hringde, _encircling_ (Sarrazin, _Beit._ xi. 163);
+hrîmge = _frosty_ (Sw.); _with frost-whiting covered_ (Ha.). See Morris,
+_Blickling Hom_., Preface, vi., vii.
+
+l. 1364. Cf. Ruin, hrîmige edoras behrofene, _rimy, roofless halls_.
+
+l. 1366. nîðwundor may = nið- (as in nið-sele, _q. v._) wundor, _wonder of
+the deep_.
+
+l. 1368. The personal pronoun is sometimes omitted in subordinate and even
+independent clauses; cf. wite here; and Hunt's _Exod_., l. 319.
+
+l. 1370. hornum. Such "datives of manner or respect" are not infrequent
+with adj.
+
+l. 1371. "seleð is not dependent on ær, for in that case it would be in the
+subjunctive, but ær is simply an adverb, correlative with the conjunction
+ær in the next line: 'he will (sooner) give up his life, before he will,'
+etc."--Sw.
+
+l. 1372. Cf. ll. 318 and 543 for willan with similar omitted inf.
+
+l. 1373. heafola is found only in poetry.--Sw. It occurs thirteen or
+fourteen times in this poem. Cf. the poetic gamol, swât (l. 2694), etc.,
+for eald, blôd.
+
+l. 1391. uton: hortatory subj. of wîtan, _go_, = _let us go;_ cf. French
+_allons_, Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_, etc. + inf. Cf. ll. 2649, 3102.
+
+l. 1400. H. is dat. of person indirectly affected, = advantage.
+
+l. 1402. geatolîc probably = _in his equipments_, as B. suggests (_Beit._
+xii. 83), comparing searolîc.
+
+ll. 1402, 1413 reproduce the wk. form of the pret. of gân (Goth,
+_gaggida_). Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1096, etc.
+
+l. 1405. S. (_Beit._ ix. 140) supplies [þær heó] gegnum fôr; B. (_ibid._
+xii. 14) suggests hwær heó.
+
+l. 1411. B., Gr., and E. take ân-paðas = paths wide enough for only one,
+like Norwegian _einstig_; cf. stîge nearwe, just above. _Trail_ is the
+meaning. Cf. enge ânpaðas, uncûð gelâd, _Exod._ (Hunt), l. 58.
+
+l. 1421. Cf. oncýð, l. 831. The whole passage (ll. 1411-1442) is replete
+with suggestions of walrus-hunting, seal-fishing, harpooning of sea-animals
+(l. 1438), etc.
+
+l. 1425. E. quotes from the 8th cent. Corpus Gloss., "_Falanx_ foeða."
+
+l. 1428. For other mention of nicors, cf. ll. 422, 575, 846. E. remarks,
+"it survives in the phrase 'Old Nick' ... a word of high authority ...
+Icel. _nykr_, water-goblin, Dan. _nök, nisse_, Swed. _näcken_, G. _nix,
+nixe_, etc." See Skeat, _Nick._
+
+l. 1440. Sw. reads gehnæged, _prostrated_, and regards nîða as gen. pl.
+"used instrumentally," = _by force._
+
+l. 1441. -bora = _bearer, stirrer;_ occurs in other compds., as mund-,
+ræd-, wæg-bora.
+
+l. 1447. him = _for him_, a remoter dative of reference.--Sw.
+
+l. 1455. Gr. reads brondne, = _flaming_.
+
+l. 1457. león is the inf. of lâh; cf. onlâh (< onleón) at l. 1468. lîhan
+was formerly given as the inf.; cf. læne = læhne.
+
+l. 1458. Cf. the similar dat. of possession as used in Latin.
+
+l. 1458. H.-So. compares the Icelandic saga account of Grettir's battle
+with the giant in the cave. häft-mêce may be = Icel. _heptisax_ (_Anglia_,
+iii. 83), "hip-knife."
+
+l. 1459. "The sense seems to be 'pre-eminent among the old treasures.' ...
+But possibly foran is here a prep. with the gen.: 'one before the old
+treasures.'".--Sw. For other examples of foran, cf. ll. 985, 2365.
+
+l. 1460. âter-teárum = _poison-drops_ (C., _Beit._ viii. 571; S., _ibid_.
+xi. 359).
+
+l. 1467. þät, comp. relative, = _that which_; "we testify _that_ we do
+know."
+
+l. 1480. forð-gewitenum is in appos. to me, = _mihi defuncto_.--M.
+Callaway, _Am. Journ. of Philol._, October, 1889.
+
+l. 1482. nime. Conditional clauses of doubt or future contingency take gif
+or bûton with subj.; cf. ll. 452, 594; of fact or certainty, the ind.; cf.
+ll. 442, 447, 527, 662, etc. For bûton, cf. ll. 967, 1561.
+
+l. 1487. "findan sometimes has a preterit funde in W. S. after the manner
+of the weak preterits."--Cook's Sievers' Cram., p, 210.
+
+l. 1490. Kl. reads wäl-sweord, = _battle-sword_.
+
+l. 1507. "This cave under the sea seems to be another of those natural
+phenomena of which the writer had personal knowledge (ll. 2135, 2277), and
+which was introduced by him into the mythical tale to give it a local
+color. There are many places of this kind. Their entrance is under the
+lowest level of the tide."--Br., p. 45.
+
+l. 1514. B. (_Beit._ xii. 362) explains niðsele, hrôfsele as _roof-covered
+hall in the deep_; cf. Grettir Saga (_Anglia_, iii. 83).
+
+l. 1538. Sw., R., and ten Br. suggest feaxe for eaxle, = _seized by the
+hair_.
+
+l. 1543. and-leán (R.); cf. l. 2095. The MS. has hand-leán.
+
+l. 1546. Sw. and S. read seax.--_Beit._ ix. 140.
+
+l. 1557. H.-So. omits comma and places semicolon after ýðelîce; Sw. and S.
+place comma after gescêd.
+
+l. 1584. ôðer swylc = _another fifteen_ (Sw.); = _fully as many_ (Ha.).
+
+ll. 1592-1613 _seq._ Cf. _Anglia_, iii; 84 (Grettir Saga).
+
+l. 1595. blondenfeax = _grizzly-haired_ (Bright, Reader, p. 258); cf.
+_Brunanb._, l. 45 (Bright).
+
+l. 1599. gewearð, impers. vb., = _agree, decide = many agreed upon this,
+that_, etc. (Ha., p. 55; cf. ll. 2025-2027, 1997; B., _Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1605. C. supposes wiston = wîscton = _wished_.--_Beit._ viii. 571.
+
+l. 1607. broden mæl is now regarded as a comp. noun, = _inlaid or
+damascened sword_.--W., Ho.
+
+l. 1611. wäl-râpas = _water-ropes = bands of frost_ (l. 1610) (?). Possibly
+the Prov. Eng. weele, _whirlpool_. Cf. wæl, _gurges_, Wright, Voc., _Gnom.
+Verses_, l. 39.--E.
+
+l. 1611. wægrâpas (Sw.) = _wave-bands_ (Ha.).
+
+l. 1622. B. suggests eatna = eotena, eardas, _haunts of the giants_
+(Northumbr. ea for eo).
+
+l. 1635. cyning-holde (B., _Beit._ xii. 369); cf. l. 290.
+
+l. 1650. H., Gr., and Ettmüller understand idese to refer to the queen.
+
+l. 1651. Cf. _Anglia_, iii. 74, _Beit._ xi. 167, for coincidences with the
+Grettir Saga (13th cent.).
+
+l. 1657. Restore MS. reading wigge in place of wîge.
+
+l. 1664. B. proposes eotenise ... èste for eácen ... oftost, omitting
+brackets (_Zackers Zeitschr._ iv. 206). G. translates _mighty ... often_.
+
+l. 1675. ondrædan. "In late texts the final n of the preposition on is
+frequently lost when it occurs in a compound word or stereotyped phrase,
+and the prefix then appears as a: abútan, amang, aweg, aright,
+adr'ædan."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 98.
+
+ll. 1680-1682. Giants and their work are also referred to at ll. 113, 455,
+1563, 1691, etc.
+
+l. 1680. Cf. ceastra ... orðanc enta geweorc, _Gnomic Verses_, l. 2;
+Sweet's Reader, p. 186.
+
+ll. 1687-1697. "In this description of the writing on the sword, we see the
+process of transition from heathen magic to the notions of Christian times
+.... The history of the flood and of the giants ... were substitutes for
+names of heathen gods, and magic spells for victory."--E. Cf. Mohammedan
+usage.
+
+ll. 1703, 1704. þät þê eorl nære geboren betera (B., _Tidskr._ 8, 52).
+
+l. 1715. âna hwearf = _he died solitary and alone_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38); =
+_lonely_ (Ha.); = _alone_ (G.).
+
+l. 1723. leód-bealo longsum = _eternal hell-torment_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38,
+who compares _Ps. Cott._ 57, lîf longsum).
+
+l. 1729. E. translates on lufan, _towards possession_; Ha., _to
+possessions_.
+
+l. 1730. môdgeþonc, like lig, sæ, segn, niht, etc., is of double gender
+(m., n. in the case of môdgeþ.).
+
+l. 1741. The doctrine of nemesis following close on [Greek: hubris], or
+overweening pride, is here very clearly enunciated. The only protector
+against the things that "assault and hurt" the soul is the "Bishop and
+Shepherd of our souls" (l. 1743).
+
+l. 1745 appears dimly to fore-shadow the office of the evil archer Loki,
+who in the Scandinavian mythology shoots Balder with a mistletoe twig. The
+language closely resembles that of Psalm 64.
+
+l. 1748. Kl. regards wom = wô(u)m; cf. wôh-bogen, l. 2828. See Gloss., p.
+295, under wam. Contrast the construction of bebeorgan a few lines below
+(l. 1759), where the dat. and acc. are associated.
+
+l. 1748. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 167, for declension of wôh, _wrong_
+= gen. wôs or wôges, dat. wô(u)m, etc.; pl. gen. wôra, dat. wô(u)m, etc.;
+and cf. declension of heáh, hreóh, rûh, etc.
+
+l. 1748. wergan gâstes; cf. _Blickl. Hom._ vii.; _Andreas_, l. 1171. "_Auld
+Wearie_ is used in Scotland, or was used a few years ago, ... to mean the
+devil."--E. Bede's _Eccles. Hist._ contains (naturally) many examples of
+the expression = devil.
+
+l. 1750. on gyld = _in reward_ (B. _Beit._ xii. 95); Ha. translates
+_boastfully_; G., _for boasting_; Gr., _to incite to boastfulness_. Cf.
+_Christ_, l. 818.
+
+l. 1767. E. thinks this an allusion to the widespread superstition of the
+evil eye (_mal occhio, mauvais æil_). Cf. Vergil, _Ecl._ iii. 103. He
+remarks that Pius IX., Gambetta, and President Carnot were charged by their
+enemies with possessing this weapon.
+
+l. 1784. wigge geweorðad (MS. wigge weorðad) is C.'s conjecture; cf.
+_Elene_, l. 150. So G., _honored in war_.
+
+l. 1785. The future generally implied in the present of beón is plainly
+seen in this line; cf. ll. 1826, 661, 1830, 1763, etc.
+
+l. 1794. Some impers. vbs. take acc. (as here, Geat) of the person
+affected; others (as þyncan) take the dat. of the person, as at ll. 688,
+1749, etc. Cf. verbs of dreaming, being ashamed, desiring, etc.--March,
+A.-S. Gram., p. 145.
+
+l. 1802. E. remarks that the blaca hrefn here is a bird of good omen, as
+opposed to se wonna hrefn of l. 3025. The raven, wolf, and eagle are the
+regular epic accompaniments of battle and carnage. Cf. ll. 3025-3028;
+_Maldon_, 106; _Judith_, 205-210, etc.
+
+l. 1803. S. emends to read: "then came the light, going bright after
+darkness: the warriors," etc. Cf. Ho., p. 41, l. 23. G. puts period before
+"the warriors." For onettan, cf. Sw.'s Gloss, and Bright's Read., Gloss.
+
+ll. 1808-1810. Müllenh. and Grundt. refer se hearda to Beowulf, correct
+sunu (MS.) to suna Ecglâfes (i.e. Unferth); [_he_] (Beo.) _thanked him_
+(Un.) _for the loan_. Cf. ll. 344, 581, 1915.
+
+ll. 1823-1840. "Beowulf departing pledges his services to Hroðgar, to be
+what afterwards in the mature language of chivalry was called his 'true
+knight'"--E.
+
+l. 1832. Kl. corrects to dryhtne, in appos. with Higelâce.
+
+l. 1835 gâr-holt more properly means _spear-shaft_; cf. äsc-holt.
+
+l. 1855. sêl = _better_ (Grundt.; B., _Beit._ xii. 96), instead of MS. wel.
+
+ll. 1855-1866. "An ideal picture of international amity according to the
+experience and doctrine of the eighth century."--E.
+
+l. 1858. S. and Kl. correct to gemæne, agreeing with sib.--_Beit._ ix. 140,
+190.
+
+l. 1862. "The gannet is a great diver, plunging down into the sea from a
+considerable height, such as forty feet."--E.
+
+l. 1863. Kl. suggests heafu, = _seas_.
+
+l. 1865. B. proposes geþôhte, = _with firm thought_, for geworhte; cf. l.
+611.
+
+l. 1876. geseón = _see again_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 190). S. and B. insert nâ
+to modify geseón and explain Hrôðgâr's tears. Ha. and G. follow Heyne's
+text. Cf. l. 567.
+
+l. 1881. Is beorn here = bearn (be-arn?) of l. 67? or more likely = born,
+barn, = _burned?_--S., Th.
+
+l. 1887. orleahtre is a _[Greek: hapax legomenon]_. E. compares Tennyson's
+"blameless" king. Cf. also ll. 2015, 2145; and the gôd cyning of l. 11.
+
+l. 1896. scaðan = _warriors_ (cf. l. 1804) has been proposed by C.; but cf.
+l. 253.
+
+l. 1897. The boat had been left, at ll. 294-302, in the keeping of
+Hrôðgâr's men; at l. 1901 the bât-weard is specially honored by Beowulf
+with a sword and becomes a "sworded squire."--E. This circumstance appears
+to weld the poem together. Cf. also the speed of the journey home with ymb
+ân-tîd ôþres dôgores of l. 219, and the similarity of language in both
+passages (fâmig-heals, clifu, nässas, sælde, brim, etc.).--The nautical
+terms in Beowulf would form an interesting study.
+
+l. 1904. R. proposes, gewât him on naca, = _the vessel set out_, on
+alliterating as at l. 2524 (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 402). B. reads on
+nacan, but inserts irrelevant matter (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1913. Cf. the same use of ceól, = _ship_, in the _A.-S. Chron._, ed.
+Earle-Plummer; _Gnomic Verses_, etc.
+
+l. 1914. S. inserts þät hê before on lande.
+
+l. 1916. B. makes leófra manna depend on wlâtode, = _looked for the dear
+men ready at the coast_ (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1924. Gr., W., and Ho. propose wunade, = _remained;_ but cf. l. 1929. S.
+conceives ll. 1924, 1925 as "direct speech" (_Beit._ ix. 141).
+
+l. 1927 _seq._ "The women of Beowulf are of the fine northern type; trusted
+and loved by their husbands and by the nobles and people; generous, gentle,
+and holding their place with dignity."--Br., p. 67. Thrytho is the
+exception, l. 1932 _seq._
+
+l. 1933. C. suggests frêcnu, = _dangerous, bold_, for Thrytho could not be
+called "excellent." G. writes "Modthrytho" as her name. The womanly Hygd
+seems purposely here contrasted with the terrible Thrytho, just as, at l.
+902 _seq._, Sigemund and Heremôd are contrasted. For Thrytho, etc., cf.
+Gr., _Jahrb. für rom. u. eng. Lit._ iv. 279; Müllenhoff, _Haupts Zeitschr._
+xiv. 216; Matthew Paris; Suchier, _Beit._ iv. 500-521; R. _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 402; B., _ibid._ iv. 206; Körner, _Eng. Stud._ i. 489-492;
+H.-So., p. 106.
+
+l. 1932-1963. K. first pointed out the connection between the historical
+Offa, King of Mercia, and his wife Cwendrida, and the Offa and Þryðo (Gr.'s
+_Drida_ of the _Vita Offæ Secundi_) of the present passage. The tale is
+told of her, not of Hygd.
+
+l. 1936. Suchier proposes andæges, = _eye to eye_; Leo proposes ândæges, =
+_the whole day_; G., _by day_. No change is necessary if an be taken to
+govqern hire, = _on her_, and däges be explained (like nihtes, etc.) as a
+genitive of time, = _by day_.
+
+l. 1943. R. and Suchier propose onsêce, = _seek, require_; but cf. 2955.
+
+l. 1966. Cf. the _heofoncandel_ of _Exod_. l. 115 (Hunt). Shak.'s 'night's
+candles.'
+
+l. 1969. Cf. l. 2487 _seq._ for the actual slayer of Ongenþeów, i.e. Eofor,
+to whom Hygelâc gave his only daughter as a reward, l. 2998.
+
+l. 1981. meodu-scencum = _with mead-pourers_ or _mead-cups_ (G., Ha.);
+_draught or cup of mead_ (Toller-Bosw.).
+
+l. 1982. K., Th., W., H. supply [heal-]reced; Holler [heá-].
+
+l. 1984. B. defends the MS., reading hæ nû (for hæðnû), which he regards as
+= Heinir, the inhabitants of the Jutish "heaths" (hæð). Cf. H.-So., p. 107;
+_Beit._ xii. 9.
+
+l. 1985. sînne. "In poetry there is a reflexive possessive of the third
+person, sîn (declined like mîn). It is used not only as a true reflexive,
+but also as a non-reflexive (= Lat. _ejus_)"--Sw.; Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 185. Cf. ll. 1508, 1961, 2284, 2790.
+
+l. 1994. Cf. l. 190 for a similar use of seáð; cf. to "glow" with emotion,
+"boil" with indignation, "burn" with anger, etc. weallan is often so used;
+cf. ll. 2332, 2066, etc.
+
+l. 2010. B. proposes fâcne, = _in treachery_, for fenne. Cf. _Juliana_, l.
+350; _Beit._ xii. 97.
+
+l. 2022. Food of specific sorts is rarely, if at all, mentioned in the
+poem. Drink, on the other hand, occurs in its primitive varieties,--_ale_
+(as here: ealu-wæg), _mead, beer, wine, lîð_ (cider? Goth. _leiþus_, Prov.
+Ger. _leit-_ in _leit-haus_, ale-house), etc.
+
+l. 2025. Kl. proposes is for wäs.
+
+l. 2027. Cf. l. 1599 for a similar use of weorðan, = _agree, be pleased
+with_ (Ha.); _appear_ (Sw., Reader, 6th ed.).
+
+ll. 2030, 2031. Ten Br. proposes: oft seldan ( = _gave_) wære äfter
+leód-hryre: lytle hwîle bongâr bûgeð, þeáh seó brýd duge = _oft has a
+treaty been given after the fall of a prince: but little while the
+murder-spear resteth, however excellent the bride be._ Cf. Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+190; B., _Beit._ xii. 369; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ in. 404; Ha., p. 69; G.,
+p. 62.
+
+l. 2036. Cf. Kl, _Beit._ ix. 191; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 404.
+
+l. 2042. For beáh B. reads bâ, = _both_, i.e. Freaware and the Dane.
+
+l. 2063. Thorkelin and Conybeare propose wîgende, = _fighting_, for
+lifigende.
+
+l. 2068. W.'s edition begins section xxx. (not marked in the MS.) with this
+line. Section xxxix. (xxxviii. in copies A and B, xxxix. in Thorkelin) is
+not so designated in the MS., though þâ (at l. 2822) is written with
+capitals and xl. begins at l. 2893.
+
+l. 2095. Cf. l. 1542, and note.
+
+l. 2115 _seq._ B. restores thus:
+
+                      Þær on innan gióng
+    niðða nâthwylc,      neóde tô gefêng
+    hæðnum horde;      hond ätgenam
+    seleful since fâh;      nê hê þät syððan âgeaf,
+    þeáh þe hê slæpende      besyrede hyrde
+    þeófes cräfte:       þät se þióden onfand,
+    bý-folc beorna,       þät hê gebolgen wäs.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 99; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 210.
+
+l. 2128. ätbär here = _bear away_, not given in the Gloss.
+
+l. 2129. B. proposes færunga, = _suddenly_, for Gr.'s reading in the
+text.--_Beit._ xii. 98.
+
+l. 2132. MS. has þine life, which Leo translates _by thy leave_ (= ON.
+_leyfi_); B., _by thy life_.--_Beit._ xii. 369.
+
+l. 2150. B. renders gen, etc., by "now I serve thee alone again as my
+gracious king" (_Beit._ xii. 99).
+
+l. 2151. The forms hafu [hafo], hafast, hafað, are poetic archaisms.--Sw.
+
+l. 2153. Kl. proposes ealdor, = _prince_, for eafor. W. proposes the compd.
+eafor-heáfodsegn, = _helm_; cf. l. 1245.
+
+l. 2157. The wk. form of the adj. is frequent in the vocative, especially
+when postponed: "Beowulf leófa," l. 1759. So, often, in poetry in nom.:
+wudu selesta, etc.
+
+l. 2158. ærest is possibly the verbal subs. from ârîsan, _to arise, =
+arising, origin_. R. suggested ærist, _arising, origin_. Cf. Bede, _Eccles.
+Hist._, ed. Miller, where the word is spelt as above, but = (as usual)
+_resurrection_. See Sweet, Reader, p. 211; E.-Plummer's _Chronicle_, p.
+302, etc. The MS. has est. See Ha., p. 73; S., _Beit._ x. 222; and cf. l.
+2166.
+
+l. 2188. Gr., W., H. supply [wên]don, = _weened_, instead of Th.'s [oft
+säg]don.
+
+l. 2188. The "slack" Beowulf, like the sluggish Brutus, ultimately reveals
+his true character, and is presented with a historic sword of honor. It is
+"laid on his breast" (l. 2195) as Hun laid Lâfing on Hengest's breast, l.
+1145.
+
+l. 2188. "The boy was at first slothful, and the Geats thought him an
+unwarlike prince, and long despised him. Then, like many a lazy third son
+in the folk tales, a change came, he suddenly showed wonderful daring and
+was passionate for adventure."--Br., p. 22.
+
+l. 2196. "Seven of thousands, manor and lordship" (Ha.). Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+191, thinks with Ettm. that þûsendo means a hide of land (see Schmid, _Ges.
+der Angl_, 610), Bede's familia = 1/2 sq. meter; seofan being used (like
+hund, l. 2995) only for the alliteration.
+
+l. 2196. "A vast Honour of 7000 hides, a mansion, and a judgment-seat"
+[throne].--E.
+
+l. 2210. MS. has the more correct wintra.
+
+l. 2211. Cf. similar language about the dragon at l. 100. Beowulf's
+"jubilee" is fitly solemnized by his third and last dragon-fight.
+
+l. 2213. B. proposes sê þe on hearge hæðen hord beweotode; cf. Ha., p. 75.
+
+l. 2215. "The dragon lies round the treasures in a cave, as Fafnir, like a
+Python, lay coiled over his hoard. So constant was this habit among the
+dragons that gold is called Worms' bed, Fafnir's couch, Worms' bed-fire.
+Even in India, the cobras ... are guardians of treasure."--Br., p. 50.
+
+l. 2216. neóde. E. translates _deftly_; Ha., _with ardor_. H.-So. reads
+neóde, = _with desire, greedily_, instr. of neód.
+
+l. 2223. E. begins his "Part Third" at this point as he begins "Part
+Second" at l. 1252, each dragon-fight forming part of a trilogy.
+
+ll. 2224, 2225. B. proposes: nealles mid gewealdum wyrmes weard gäst sylfes
+willum.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+l. 2225. For þeów read þegn.--K. and Z.
+
+l. 2225. þeów, st. m., _slave, serf_ (not in H.-So.).
+
+l. 2227. For ofer-þearfe read ærnes þearfa.--Z.
+
+ll. 2229-2231. B. proposes:
+
+    secg synbysig      sôna onwlâtode,
+    þeáh þâm gyste      gryrebrôga stôd,
+    hwäðre earmsceapen      innganges þearfa
+       .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .
+    feásceapen,      þâ hyne se fær begeat.
+                     --_Beit._ xii. 101. Cf. Ha., p. 69.
+
+l. 2232. W. suggests seah or seîr for geseah, and Gr. suggests searolîc.
+
+l. 2233. Z. surmises eorð-hûse (for -scräfe).
+
+l. 2241. B. proposes læn-gestreóna, = _transitory_, etc.; Th., R. propose
+leng (= _longer_) gestreóna; S. accepts the text but translates "the
+long accumulating treasure."
+
+l. 2246. B. proposed (1) hard-fyndne, = _hard to find_; (2) hord-wynne
+dæl,--_a deal of treasure-joy_ (cf. l. 2271).--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 102.
+
+l. 2247. fecword = _banning words_ (?) MS. has fec.
+
+l. 2254. Others read feor-[mie], = _furbish_, for fetige: _I own not one
+who may_, etc.
+
+l. 2261. The Danes themselves were sometimes called the "Ring-Danes,"
+= clad in ringed (or a ring of) armor, or possessing rings. Cf.
+ll. 116, 1280.
+
+l. 2264. Note the early reference to hawking. Minstrelsy (hearpan
+wyn), saga-telling, racing, swimming, harpooning of sea-animals, feasting,
+and the bestowal of jewels, swords, and rings, are the other amusements
+most frequent in _Beówulf_.
+
+l. 2264. Cf. _Maldon_, ll. 8, 9, for a reference to hawking.
+
+l. 2276. Z. suggests swýðe ondrædað; Ho. puts gesêcean for Gr.'s
+gewunian.
+
+l. 2277. Z. and K. read: hord on hrûsan. "Three hundred winters,"
+at l. 2279, is probably conventional for "a long time," like hund
+missera, l. 1499; hund þûsenda, l. 2995; þritig (of Beowulf's strength), l.
+379; þritig (of the men slain by Grendel), l. 123; seofan þûsendo, l. 2196,
+etc.
+
+l. 2285. B. objects to hord as repeated in ll. 2284, 2285; but cf. Ha., p.
+77. C. prefers sum to hord. onboren = _inminutus_; cf. B., _Beit._ xii.
+102.
+
+l. 2285. onberan is found also at line 991, = _carry off_, with on- = E.
+_un--(un-bind, -loose, -tie_, etc.), G. _ent-_. The negro still pronounces
+_on-do_, etc.
+
+l. 2299. Cf. H.-So., p. 112, for a defense of the text as it stands. B.
+proposes "nor was there any man in that desert who rejoiced in conflict,"
+etc. So ten Br.
+
+l. 2326. B. and ten Br,. propose hâm, = _home_, for him.--_Beit._ xii. 103.
+
+l. 2335. E. translates eálond utan by _the sea-board front, the
+water-washed land on the (its) outside_. See B., _Beit._ xii. 1, 5.
+
+l. 2346. Cf. l. 425, where Beowulf resolves to fight the dragon
+single-handed. E. compares _Guy of Warwick_, ll. 49, 376.
+
+l. 2355. Ten Br. proposes laðan cynne as apposition to mægum.
+
+l. 2360. Cf. Beowulf's other swimming-feat with Breca, ll. 506 _seq._
+
+l. 2362. Gr. inserts âna, = _lone-going_, before xxx.: approved by B.; and
+Krüger, _Beit._ ix. 575. Cf. l. 379.
+
+l. 2362. "Beowulf has the strength of thirty men in the original tale.
+Here, then, the new inventor makes him carry off thirty coats of
+mail."--Br., p. 48.
+
+l. 2364. Hetware = Chattuarii, a nation allied against Hygelâc in his
+Frisian expedition; cf. ll. 1208 _seq._, 2917, etc.
+
+l. 2368. B. proposes _quiet sea_ as trans, of sióleða bigong, and compares
+Goth. _anasilan_, to be still; Swed. dial, _sil_, still water between
+waterfalls.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 214.
+
+l. 2380. hyne--Heardrêd; so him, l. 2358.
+
+l. 2384. E. calls attention to Swió-rîce as identical with the modern
+_Sverige_ = Sweden; cf. l. 2496.
+
+l. 2386. Gr. reads on feorme, = _at the banquet_; cf. Möller, _Alteng.
+Volksepos_, 111, who reads (f)or feorme. The MS. has or.
+
+l. 2391. Cf. l. 11.
+
+l. 2394. B., Gr., and Mûllenh. understand ll. 2393-2397 to mean that
+Eádgils, Ôhthere's son, driven from Sweden, returns later, supported by
+Beowulf, takes the life of his uncle Onela, and probably becomes himself
+O.'s successor and king of Sweden. For another view see H.-So., p. 115. MS.
+has freond (l. 2394), which Leo, etc., change to feónd. G. translates
+_friend_.--_Beit._ xii. 13; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert_. iii. 177.
+
+l. 2395. Eádgils is Ôhthere's son; cf. l. 2381; Onela is Ôhthere's brother;
+cf. ll. 2933, 2617.
+
+l. 2402. "Twelfsome"; cf. "fifteensome" at l. 207, etc. As _Beówulf_ is
+essentially _the_ Epic of Philanthropy, of the true love of man, as
+distinguished from the ordinary love-epic, the number twelve in this
+passage may be reminiscent of another Friend of Man and another Twelve. In
+each case all but one desert the hero.
+
+l. 2437. R. proposes stýred, = _ordered, decreed_, for strêd.--_Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 409.
+
+l. 2439. B. corrects to freó-wine = _noble friend_, asking, "How can
+Herebeald be called Hæðcyn's freá-wine [MS.], _lord?_"
+
+l. 2442. feohleás gefeoht, "a homicide which cannot be atoned for by
+money--in this case an unintentional fratricide."--Sw.
+
+l. 2445. See Ha., pp. 82, 83, for a discussion of ll. 2445-2463. Cf. G., p.
+75.
+
+l. 2447. MS. reads wrece, justified by B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 56). W.
+conceives wrece as optative or hortative, and places a colon before þonne.
+
+l. 2449. For helpan read helpe.--K., Th., S. (_Zeitschr. f. D. Phil._ xxi.
+3, 357).
+
+ll. 2454-2455. (1) Müllenh. (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 232) proposes:
+
+                    þonne se ân hafað
+    þurh dæda nýd      deáðes gefandod.
+
+(2) B. proposes:
+
+    þurh dæda nîð      deáðes gefondad.
+       --_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 215.
+
+l. 2458. Cf. sceótend, pl., ll. 704, 1155, like rîdend. Cf. _Judith_, l.
+305, etc.
+
+l. 2474. Th. considers the "wide water" here as the Mälar lake, the
+boundary between Swedes and Goths.
+
+l. 2477. On oþþe = _and_, cf. B., _Tidskr_. viii. 57. See Ha., p. 83.
+
+l. 2489. B. proposes hreá-blâc for Gr.'s heoro-.--_Tikskr_. viii. 297.
+
+l. 2494. S. suggests êðel-wynne.
+
+l. 2502. E. translates for dugeðum, _of my prowess_; so Ettmüller.
+
+ll. 2520-2522. Gr. and S. translate, "if I knew how else I might combat the
+monster's boastfulness."--Ha., p. 85.
+
+l. 2524. and-hâttres is H.'s invention. Gr. reads oreðes and âttres, _blast
+and venom_. Cf. oruð, l. 2558, and l. 2840 (where âttor- also occurs).
+
+l. 2526. E. quotes fleón fôtes trym from _Maldon_, l. 247.
+
+l. 2546. Gr., H.-So., and Ho. read standan stân-bogan (for stôd on
+stân-bogan) depending on geseah.
+
+l. 2550. Grundt. and B. propose deór, _brave one_, i.e. Beowulf, for deóp.
+
+L. 2565. MS. has ungleaw (K., Th.), unglaw (Grundt.). B. proposes unslâw, =
+_sharp_.--_Beit._ xii. 104. So H.-So., Ha., p. 86.
+
+ll. 2570, 2571. (1) May not gescîfe (MS. to gscipe) = German _schief_,
+"crooked," "bent," "aslant," and hence be a parallel to gebogen, _bent,
+coiled?_ cf. l. 2568, þâ se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne, and l. 2828. Coiled
+serpents spring more powerfully for the coiling. (2) Or perhaps destroy
+comma after tô and read gescäpe, = _his fate_; cf. l. 26: him þâ Scyld
+gewât tô gescäp-hwîle. G. appar. adopts this reading, p. 78.
+
+l. 2589. grund-wong = _the field_, not _the earth_ (so B.); H.-So., _cave_,
+as at l. 2771. So Ha., p. 87.
+
+l. 2595. S. proposes colon after stefne.--_Beit._ ix. 141.
+
+l. 2604. Müllenh. explains leód Scylfinga in _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ iii.
+176-178.
+
+l. 2607. âre = _possessions, holding_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 192; Ha., p. 88).
+
+l. 2609. folcrihta. Add "folk-right" to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+êðel-, land-riht, word-riht.
+
+l. 2614. H.-So. reads with Gr. wræccan wineleásum Weohstân bana, = _whom, a
+friendless exile, W. had slain_.
+
+ll. 2635-61. E. quotes Tacitus, _Germania_, xiv.: "turpe comitatui virtutem
+principis non adaequare." Beowulf had been deserted by his _comitatus_.
+
+l. 2643. B. proposes ûser.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 216.
+
+l. 2649. wutun; l. 3102, uton = pres. subj. pl. 1st person of wîtan, _to
+go_, used like Mod. Eng. _let us_ + inf., Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_,
+Fr. _allons_; M. E. (_Layamon_) _uten_. Cf. Psa. ii. 3, etc. March, _A.-S.
+Gram._, pp. 104, 196.
+
+l. 2650. B. suggests hât for hyt,.--_Beit._ xii. 105.
+
+l. 2656. fâne = fâh-ne; cf. fâra = fâh-ra, l. 578; so heánne (MS.) =
+heáh-ne, etc., l. 984. See Cook's Sievers' Gram.
+
+ll. 2660, 2661. Why not read beadu-scrûd, as at l. 453, = _battle-shirt?_
+B. and R. suppose two half-verses omitted between byrdu-scrûd and bâm
+gemæne. B. reads býwdu, = _handsome_, etc. Gr. suggests unc nû, = _to us
+two now_, for ûrum; and K. and Grundt. read beón gemæne for bâm, etc. This
+makes sense. Cf. Ha., p. 89.
+
+l. 2666. Cf. the dat. absolute without preposition.
+
+l. 2681. Nägling; cf. Hrunting, Lâfing, and other famous wundor-smiða
+geweorc of the poem.
+
+l. 2687. B. changes þonne into þone (rel. pro.) = _which_.--_Beit._ xii.
+105.
+
+l. 2688. B. supports the MS. reading, wundum.
+
+l. 2688. Cf. l. 2278 for similar language.
+
+l. 2698. B. (_Beit._ xii. 105) renders: "he did not heed the head of the
+dragon (which Beowulf with his sword had struck without effect), but he
+struck the dragon somewhat further down." Cf. Saxo, vi. p. 272.
+
+l. 2698. Cf. the language used at ll. 446 and 1373, where hafelan also
+occurs; and hýdan.
+
+l. 2700. hwêne; cf. Lowl. Sc. _wheen_, a number; Chaucer's _woon_, number.
+
+l. 2702. S. proposes þâ (for þät) þät fýr, etc., = _when the fire began_,
+etc.
+
+l. 2704. "The (hup)-seax has often been found in Saxon graves on the hip of
+the skeleton."--E.
+
+l. 2707. Kl. proposes: feorh ealne wräc, = _drove out all the life_; cf.
+_Gen._ l. 1385.--_Beit._ ix. 192. S. suggests gefylde,--_he felled the
+foe_, etc.--_Ibid_. Parentheses seem unnecessary.
+
+l. 2727. däg-hwîl = _time allotted, lifetime_.
+
+l. 2745, 2745. Ho. removes geong from the beginning of l. 2745 and places
+it at the end of l. 2744.
+
+l. 2750. R. proposes sigle searogimmas, as at l. 1158.
+
+l. 2767. (1) B. proposes doubtfully oferhîgean or oferhîgan, = Goth,
+_ufarhauhjan_, p. p. _ufarhauhids_ (Gr. [Greek: tuphwtheis]) = _exceed in
+value_.--_Tidskr_. viii. 60. (2) Kl. proposes oferhýdian, = _to make
+arrogant, infatuate_; cf. oferhýd.--_Beit._ ix. 192.
+
+l. 2770. gelocen leoðocräftum = (1) _spell-bound_ (Th., Arnold, E.); (2)
+_wrought with hand-craft_ (G.); (3) _meshed, linked together_ (H., Ho.);
+cf. _Elene_, ll. 1251, 522.
+
+l. 2778. B. considers bill ... ealdhlâfordes as Beowulf's short sword, with
+which he killed the dragon, l. 2704 (_Tidskr_. viii. 299). R. proposes
+ealdhlâforde. Müllenh. understands ealdhlâford to mean the former possessor
+of the hoard. W. agrees to this, but conceives ærgescôd as a compd. = ære
+calceatus, _sheathed in brass_. Ha. translates ærgescôd as vb. and adv.
+
+l. 2791. Cf. l. 224, eoletes ät ende; landes ät ende, _Exod_. (Hunt).
+
+l. 2792. MS. reads wäteres weorpan, which R. would change to wätere
+sweorfan.
+
+l. 2806. "Men saw from its height the whales tumbling in the waves, and
+called it Whale's Ness (Hrones-næs)."--Br. p. 28. Cf. l. 3137.
+
+l. 2815. Wîglâf was the next of kin, the last of the race, and hence the
+recipient of Beowulf's kingly insignia. There is a possible play on the
+word lâf (Wîg-_lâf_, ende-_lâf_).
+
+l. 2818. gingeste word; cf. _novissima verba_, and Ger. _jüngst_, lately.
+
+l. 2837. E. translates on lande, _in the world_, comparing _on lîfe, on
+worulde_.
+
+l. 2840. geræsde = pret. of geræsan (omitted from the Gloss.), same as
+ræsan; cf. l. 2691.
+
+l. 2859. B. proposes deáð ârædan, = _determine death_.--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2861. Change geongum to geongan as a scribal error (?), but cf.
+Lichtenheld, _Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 353-355.
+
+l. 2871. S. and W. propose ôwêr.--_Beit._ ix. 142.
+
+l. 2873. S. punctuates: wrâðe forwurpe, þâ, etc.
+
+l. 2874. H.-So. begins a new sentence with nealles, ending the preceding
+one with beget.
+
+l. 2879. ätgifan = _to render, to afford_; omitted in Gloss.
+
+ll. 2885-2892. "This passage ... equals the passage in Tacitus which
+describes the tie of chief to companion and companion to chief among the
+Germans, and which recounts the shame that fell on those who survived their
+lord."--Br., p. 56.
+
+l. 2886. cyn thus has the meaning of _gens_ or clan, just as in many
+Oriental towns all are of one blood. E. compares Tacitus, _Germania_, 7;
+and cf. "kith and kin."
+
+l. 2892. Death is preferable to dishonor. Cf. Kemble, _Saxons_, i. 235.
+
+l. 2901. The _[Greek: angelos]_ begins his _[Greek: angelia]_ here.
+
+l. 2910. S. proposes higemêðe, _sad of soul;_ cf. ll. 2853 and 2864
+(_Beit._ ix. 142). B. considers higemêðum a dat. or instr. pl. of an
+abstract in -u (_Beit._ xii. 106). H. makes it a dat. pl. = _for the dead_.
+For heafod-wearde, etc., cf. note on l. 446.
+
+l. 2920-2921. B. explains "he could not this time, as usual, give jewels to
+his followers."--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2922. The Merovingian or Frankish race.
+
+l. 2940 _seq._ B. conjectures:
+
+    cwäð hîe on mergenne      mêces ecgum
+    gêtan wolde,      sumon galgtreowu
+    âheáwan on holte      ond hîe âhôan on þâ
+    fuglum tô gamene.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 107, 372. Cf. S., _Beit._ ix. 143. gêtan = _cause blood to
+be shed._
+
+l. 2950. B. proposes gomela for gôda; "a surprising epithet for a Geat to
+apply to the 'terrible' Ongentheow."--Ha. p. 99. But "good" does not
+necessarily mean "morally excellent," as a "good" hater, a "good" fighter.
+
+l. 2959. See H.-So. for an explanatory quotation from Paulus Diaconus, etc.
+B., K., and Th. read segn Higelâces, = H.'s banner uplifted began to pursue
+the Swede-men.--_Beit._ xii. 108. S. suggests sæce, = _pursuit_.
+
+l. 2977. gewyrpton: this vb. is also used reflexively in _Exod_. (Hunt), l.
+130: wyrpton hie wêrige.
+
+l. 2989. bär is Grundt.'s reading, after the MS. "The surviving victor is
+the heir of the slaughtered foe."--H.-So. Cf. _Hildebrands Lied_, ll. 61,
+62.
+
+l. 2995. "A hundred of thousands in land and rings" (Ha., p. 100). Cf. ll.
+2196, 3051. Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 20, who quotes Saxo's _bis senas gentes_
+and remarks: "Hrolf Kraki, who rewards his follower, for the slaying of the
+foreign king, with jewels, rich lands, and his only daughter's hand,
+answers to the Jutish king Hygelâc, who rewards his liegeman, for the
+slaying of Ongentheów, with jewels, enormous estates, and _his_ only
+daughter's hand."
+
+l. 3006. H.-So. suggests Scilfingas for Scyldingas, because, at l. 2397,
+Beowulf kills the Scylfing Eádgils and probably acquires his lands. Thus
+ll. 3002, 3005, 3006, would indicate that, after Beowulf's death, the
+Swedes desired to shake off his hated yoke. Müllenh., however, regards l.
+3006 as a thoughtless repetition of l. 2053.--_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 239.
+
+l. 3008. Cf. the same proverb at l. 256; and _Exod._ (Hunt.) l. 293.
+
+l. 3022. E. quotes:
+
+    "Thai token an harp _gle and game_
+    And maked a lai and yaf it name."
+                --_Weber_, l. 358.
+
+and from Percy, "The word _glee_, which peculiarly denoted their art (the
+minstrels'), continues still in our own language ... it is to this day used
+in a musical sense, and applied to a peculiar piece of composition."
+
+l. 3025. "This is a finer use than usual of the common poetic attendants of
+a battle, the wolf, the eagle, and the raven. The three are here like three
+Valkyrie, talking of all that they have done."--Br., p. 57.
+
+l. 3033. Cf. Hunt's _Dan._ l. 731, for similar language.
+
+l. 3039. B. supplies a supposed gap here:
+
+    [banan eác fundon      bennum seócne
+    (nê) ær hî þæm      gesêgan syllîcran wiht]
+    wyrm on wonge...
+             --_Beit._ xii. 372.
+
+Cf. Ha., p. 102. W. and Ho. insert [þær] before gesêgan.
+
+l. 3042. Cf. l. 2561, where gryre-giest occurs as an epithet of the dragon.
+B. proposes gry[re-fâh].
+
+l. 3044. lyft-wynne, _in the pride of the air_, E.; _to rejoice in the
+air_, Ha.
+
+l. 3057. (1) He (God) is men's hope; (2) he is the heroes' hope; (3) gehyld
+= the secret place of enchanters; cf. hêlsmanna gehyld, Gr.'s reading,
+after A.-S. hælsere, haruspex, augur.
+
+l. 3060. B. suggests gehýðde, = _plundered_ (i.e. by the thief), for
+gehýdde.
+
+ll. 3063-3066. (1) B. suggests wundur [deáðe] hwâr þonne eorl ellenrof ende
+gefêre = _let a brave man then somewhere meet his end by wondrous venture_,
+etc.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 241; cf. l. 3038. (2) S. supposes an indirect
+question introduced by hwâr and dependent upon wundur, = _a mystery is it
+when it happens that the hero is to die, if he is no longer to linger among
+his people_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. (3) Müllenh. suggests: _is it to be wondered
+at that a man should die when he can no longer live?_--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+xiv. 241. (4) Possibly thus:
+
+                         Wundrað hwät þonne,
+    eorl ellen-rôf,      ende gefêre
+    lîf-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne mäg (etc.),
+
+in which hwät would = þurh hwät at l. 3069, and eorl would be subject of
+the conjectural vb. wundrað: "the valiant earl wondereth then through what
+he shall attain his life's end, when he no longer may live.... So Beówulf
+knew not (wondered how) through what _his_ end should come," etc. W. and
+Ho. join þonne to the next line. Or, for hwâr read wære: Wundur wære þonne
+(= gif), etc., = "would it be any wonder if a brave man," etc., which is
+virtually Müllenhoff's.
+
+l. 3053. galdre bewunden, _spell-bound_, throws light on l. 2770, gelocen
+leoðo-cräftum. The "accursed" gold of legend is often dragon-guarded and
+placed under a spell. Even human ashes (as Shakespeare's) are thus banned.
+ll. 3047-3058 recall the so-called "Treasury of Atreus."
+
+l. 3073. herh, hearh, _temple_, is conjectured by E. to survive in _Harrow.
+Temple, barrow_, etc., have thus been raised to proper names. Cf. Biówulfes
+biorh of l. 2808.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. has strude, = _ravage_, and compares l. 3127. MS. has
+strade. S. suggests stride, = _tread_.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. omits strâdan, = _tread, stride over_, from the Gloss.,
+referring ll. 3174 and 3074 to strûdan, q. v.
+
+l. 3075. S. proposes: näs hê goldhwätes gearwor häfde, etc., = _Beowulf had
+not before seen the greedy possessor's favor_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. B. reads,
+goldhwäte gearwor häfde, etc., making goldhwäte modify êst, = _golden
+favor_; but see _Beit._ xii. 373, for B.'s later view.
+
+l. 3086-3087. B. translates, "that which (i.e. the treasure) drew the king
+thither was granted indeed, but it overwhelmed us."--_Beit._ xii. 109.
+
+l. 3097. B. and S. propose äfter wine deádum, = _in memory of the dead
+friend_.--_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3106. The brâd gold here possibly includes the iú-monna gold of l. 3053
+and the wunden gold of l. 3135. E. translates brâd by _bullion_.
+
+l. 3114. B. supposes folc-âgende to be dat. sg. to gôdum, referring to
+Beowulf.
+
+l. 3116. C. considers weaxan, = Lat. _vescor_, to devour, as a parallel to
+fretan, and discards parentheses.--_Beit._ viii. 573.
+
+l. 3120. fûs = _furnished with_; a meaning which must be added to those in
+the Gloss.
+
+ll. 3124-3125. S. proposes:
+
+    eóde eahta sum      under inwit-hrôf
+    hilderinca:      sum on handa bär, etc.
+                            --_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3136. H.-So. corrects (after B.) to äðeling_c_, the MS. having _e_.
+
+l. 3145. "It was their [the Icelanders'] belief that the higher the smoke
+rose in the air the more glorious would the burnt man be in heaven."--
+_Ynglinga Saga_, 10 (quoted by E.). Cf. the funeral pyre of Herakles.
+
+l. 3146-3147. B. conjectures:
+
+                   ... swôgende lêc
+    wôpe bewunden      windblonda lêg
+
+(lêc from lâcan, see Gloss.).--_Beit._ xii. 110. Why not windblonda lâc?
+
+l. 3147. Müllenhoff rejected wind-blond geläg because a great fire raises
+rather than "lays" the wind; hence B., as above, = "swoughing sported the
+flame wound with the howling of wind-currents."
+
+l. 3151 _seq._ B. restores conjecturally:
+
+    swylce giômor-gyd      sio geó-meowle
+    [äfter Beówulfe]      bunden-heorde
+    [song] sorg-cearig,      sæde geneahhe,
+    þät hió hyre [hearm-]dagas      hearde on [dr]êde,
+    wälfylla worn,      [w]îgendes egesan,
+    hý[n]ðo ond häftnýd,      heóf on rîce wealg.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+Here geó-meowle = _old woman_ or _widow;_ bunden-heorde = _with bound
+locks;_ heóf = _lamentation;_ cf. l. 3143. on rîce wealg is less preferable
+than the MS. reading, heofon rêce swealg = _heaven swallowed the smoke_.--
+H.-So. B. thinks Beowulf's widow (geómeowle) was probably Hygd; cf. ll.
+2370, 3017-3021.
+
+l. 3162. H.-So. reads (with MS.) bronda be lâfe, for betost, and omits
+colon after bêcn. So B., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 224.
+
+l. 3171. E. quotes Gibbon's accounts of the burial of Attila when the
+"chosen squadrons of the Hun, wheeling round in measured evolutions,
+chanted a funeral song to the memory of a hero."
+
+ll. 3173-3174. B. proposes:
+
+    woldon gên cwîðan      [ond] kyning
+    wordgyd wrecan      ond ymb wel sprecan.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 112.
+
+l. 3183. Z., K., Th. read manna for mannum.
+
+l. 3184. "It is the English ideal of a hero as it was conceived by an
+Englishman some twelve hundred years ago."--Br., p. 18.
+
+
+
+NOTES TO THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURG.
+
+The original MS. of this fragment has vanished, but a copy had been made
+and printed by Hickes in his _Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium_, i.
+192. The original was written on a single sheet attached to a codex of
+homilies in the Lambeth Library. Möller, _Alteng. Epos_, p. 65, places the
+fragment in the Finn episode, between ll. 1146 and 1147. Bugge (_Beit._
+xii. 20) makes it illustrate the conflict in which Hnäf fell, _i.e._ as
+described in _Beówulf_ as antecedent to the events there given. Heinzel
+(_Anzeiger f. d. Altert_.), however, calls attention to the fact that
+Hengest in the fragment is called cyning, whereas in _Beówulf_, l. 1086, he
+is called þegn. See H.-So., p. 125.
+
+"The _Fight at Finnsburg_ and the lays from which our _Beówulf_ was
+composed were, as it seems to me, sung among the English who dwelt in the
+north of Denmark and the south of Sweden, and whose tribal name was the
+Jutes or Goths."--Br., p. 101.
+
+l. 1. R. supposes [hor]nas, and conjectures such an introductory
+conversation as follows: "Is it dawning in the east, or is a fiery dragon
+flying about, or are the turrets of some castle burning?" questions which
+the king negatives in the same order. Then comes the positive declaration,
+"rather they are warriors marching whose armor gleams in the moonlight."
+--_Alt- und Angels. Lesebuch_, 1861. Heinzel and B. conjecture, [beorhtor
+hor]nas byrnað næfre. So. G.--_Beit._ xii. 22; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ x.
+229.
+
+l. 5. B. conjectures fugelas to mean _arrows_, and supplies:
+
+    ac hêr forð berað      [fyrdsearu rincas,
+    flacre flânbogan],      fugelas singað.
+
+He compares Saxo, p. 95, _cristatis galeis hastisque sonantibus instant_,
+as explanatory of l. 6.--_Beit._ xii. 22. But see Brooke, _Early Eng.
+Literature_, who supposes fugelas = _raven_ and _eagle_, while græg-hama is
+= _wulf_ (the "grey-coated one"), the ordinary accompaniers of battle.
+
+l. 11. hicgeað, etc.: cf. _Maldon_, l. 5; _Exod_. l. 218.
+
+l. 15. Cf. B. (_Beit._ xii. 25), etc., and Saxo, p. 101, for l. 13.
+
+ll. 18-21. H.-So. remarks: "If, according to Möller and Bugge, Gârulf is
+one of the attackers, one of Finn's men, this does not harmonize with his
+character as Gûðlâf's son (l. 33), who (l. 16, and _Beówulf_, l. 1149) is a
+Dane, therefore one of Finn's antagonists." B. (_Beit._ xii. 25)
+conjectures:
+
+    þâ gyt Gûðdene      Gârulf styrode,
+    þät hê swâ freólîc feorh      forman sîðe
+    tô þære healle durum      hyrsta ne bære,
+    nû hîe nîða heard      ânyman wolde;
+
+in which Gûðdene is the same as Sigeferð, l. 24; hê (l. 22) refers to
+Gârulf; and hîe (l. 21) to hyrsta.
+
+l. 27. swäðer = _either_ (bad or good, life or death).--H.-So.
+
+l. 29. cêlod: meaning doubtful; cf. _Maldon_, l. 283. G. renders "curved
+board"; Sw. suggests "round"? "hollow"?
+
+l. 30. B. suggests bâr-helm, = _boar-helm._ Cf. Saxo, p. 96.--_Beit._ xii.
+26.
+
+l. 34. B. conjectures: (1) hwearf flacra hræw hräfen, wandrode; (2) hwearf
+flacra hræw hräfen fram ôðrum = _flew from one corpse to another_.--_Beit._
+xii. 27.
+
+l. 43. B. supposes wund häleð to be a Dane, folces hyrde to be Hnäf, in
+opposition to Holtzmann (_Germania_, viii. 494), who supposes the wounded
+man to be a Frisian, and folces hyrde to be their king, Finn.--_Beit._ xii.
+28.
+
+l. 45. B. adopts Th.'s reading heresceorp unhrôr = _equipments
+useless_.--_Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+l. 47. "Though wounded, they had retained their strength and activity in
+battle."--B., _Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+
+
+ADDENDA.
+
+ll. 105 and 218. MS. and Ho. read won-sæli and fâmi-heals.
+
+ll. 143, 183, 186, etc. Read þæm for þäm.
+
+l. 299. MS. reads gôd-fremmendra. So H.-So.
+
+l. 338. Ho. marks wräc- and its group long.
+
+l. 530. Hwät should here probably be printed as an interj., hwät! Cf. ll.
+1, 943, 2249.
+
+l. 2263. Koeppel suggests nis for näs.
+
+The editors are much indebted to E. Koeppel (in _Eng. Stud._ xiii. 3) for
+numerous corrections in text and glossary.
+
+l. 3070. H.-So. begins a new line with swâ.
+
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY
+
+A
+
+ac, conj. denoting contrariety: hence 1) _but_ (like N.H.G. sondern), 109,
+135, 339, etc.--2) _but_ (N.H.G. aber), _nevertheless_, 602, 697, etc.--3)
+in direct questions: nonne, numquid, 1991.
+
+aglæca, ahlæca, äglæca, -cea, w. m. (cf. Goth, aglo, _trouble_, O.N. agi,
+_terror_, + lâc, _gift, sport: = misery, vexation, = bringer of trouble_;
+hence): 1) _evil spirit, demon, a demon-like being_; of Grendel, 159, 433,
+593, etc.; of the drake, 2535, 2906, etc.--2) _great hero, mighty warrior_;
+of Sigemund, 894; of Beówulf: gen. sg. aglæcan(?), 1513; of Beówulf and the
+drake: nom. pl. þâ aglæcean, 2593.
+
+aglæc-wîf, st. n., _demon, devil, in the form of a woman_; of Grendel's
+mother, 1260.
+
+aldor. See ealdor.
+
+al-wealda. See eal-w.
+
+am-biht (from and-b., Goth, and-baht-s), st. m., _servant, man-servant_:
+nom. sg. ombeht, of the coast-guard, 287; ombiht, of Wulfgâr, 336.
+
+ambiht-þegn (from ambiht n. officium and þegn, which see), _servant,
+man-servant_: dat. sg. ombiht-þegne, of Beówulf's servant, 674.
+
+an, prep, with the dat., _on, in, with respect to_, 678; _with, among, at,
+upon_ (position after the governed word), 1936; with the acc., 1248.
+Elsewhere on, which see.
+
+ancor, st. m., _anchor_: dat. sg. ancre, 303, 1884.
+
+ancor-bend, m. (?) f. (?), _anchor-cable_: dat. pl. oncer-bendum, 1919.
+
+and, conj. (ond is usual form; for example, 601, 1149, 2041), and 33, 39,
+40, etc. (See Appendix.)
+
+anda, w. m., _excitement, vexation, horror_: dat. wrâðum on andan, 709,
+2315.
+
+and-git, st. n., _insight, understanding_: nom. sg., 1060. See gitan.
+
+and-hâtor, st. m. n., _heat coming against one_: gen. sg. rêðes
+and-hâttres, 2524.
+
+and-lang, -long, adj., _very long._ hence 1) _at whole length, raised up
+high_: acc. andlongne eorl, 2696 (cf. Bugge upon this point, Zachers
+Ztschr., 4, 217).--2) _continual, entire_; andlangne däg, 2116, _the whole
+day_; andlonge niht, 2939.
+
+and-leán, st. n., _reward, payment in full_: acc. sg., 1542, 2095 (hand-,
+hond-lean, MS.).
+
+and-risno, st. f. (see rîsan, surgere, decere), _that which is to be
+observed, that which is proper, etiquette_: dat. pl. for andrysnum,
+_according to etiquette_, 1797.
+
+and-saca, w. m., _adversary_: godes andsaca (Grendel), 787, 1683.
+
+and-slyht, st. m., _blow in return_: acc. sg., 2930, 2973 (MS. both times
+hond-slyht).
+
+and-swaru, st. f., _act of accosting_: 1) to persons coming up, _an
+address_, 2861.--2) in reply to something said, _an answer_, 354, 1494,
+1841.
+
+and-weard, adj., _present, existing_: acc. sg. n. swîn ofer helme and-weard
+(_the image of the boar, which stands on his helm_), 1288.
+
+and-wlita, w. m., _countenance_: acc. sg. -an, 690.
+
+an-sund, adj., _entirely unharmed_: nom. sg. m., 1001.
+
+an-sýn, f., _the state of being seen_: hence 1) _the exterior, the form_,
+251: ansýn ýwde, _showed his form_, i.e. appeared, 2835.--2) _aspect,
+appearance_, 929; on-sýn, 2773.
+
+an-walda, w. m., _He who rules over all, God_, 1273. See Note.
+
+atol, adj. (also eatol, 2075, etc.), _hostile, frightful, cruel_: of
+Grendel, 159, 165, 593, 2075, etc.; of Grendel's mother's hands (dat. pl.
+atolan), 1503; of the undulation of the waves, 849; of battle, 597,
+2479.--cf. O.N. atall, fortis, strenuus.
+
+atelîc, adj., _terrible, dreadful_: atelîc egesa, 785.
+
+
+Â
+
+â, adv. (Goth, áiv, acc. from aiv-s aevum), _ever, always_, 455, 882, 931,
+1479: â syððan, _ever afterwards, ever, ever after_, 283, 2921.--_ever_,
+780.--Comp. nâ.
+
+âd st. m. _funeral pile_: acc. sg. âd, 3139; dat. sg. âde, 1111, 1115.
+
+âd-faru, st. f., _way to the funeral pile_, dat. sg. on âd-färe, 3011.
+
+âdl, st. f. _sickness_, 1737, 1764, 1849.
+
+âð, st. m., _oath in general_, 2740; _oath of allegiance_, 472 (?); _oath
+of reconciliation of two warring peoples_, 1098, 1108.
+
+âð-sweord, st. n., _the solemn taking of an oath, the swearing of an oath_:
+nom. pl., 2065. See sweord.
+
+âðum-swerian, m. pl., _son-in-law and father-in-law_: dat. pl., 84.
+
+âgan, verb, pret. and pres., _to have, to possess_, w. acc.: III. prs. sg.
+âh, 1728; inf. âgan, 1089; prt. âhte, 487, 522, 533; with object, geweald,
+to be supplied, 31. Form contracted with the negative: prs. sg. I. nâh hwâ
+sweord wege (_I have no one to wield the sword_), 2253.
+
+âgen, adj., _own, peculiar_, 2677.
+
+âgend (prs. part. of âgan), _possessor, owner, lord_: gen. sg. âgendes, _of
+God_, 3076.--Compounds: blæd-, bold-, folc-, mägen-âgend.
+
+âgend-freá, w. m., _owner, lord_: gen. sg. âgend-freán, 1884.
+
+âhsian, ge-âhsian, w. v.: 1) _to examine, to find out by inquiring_: pret.
+part. ge-âhsod, 433.--2) _to experience, to endure_: pret. âhsode, 1207;
+pl. âhsodon, 423.
+
+âht, st. n. (contracted from â-wiht, which see), _something, anything_: âht
+cwices, 2315.
+
+ân, num. The meaning of this word betrays its apparent demonstrative
+character: 1) _this, that_, 2411, of the hall in the earth mentioned
+before; similarly, 100 (of Grendel; already mentioned), cf. also 2775.--2)
+_one_, a particular one among many, a single one, in numerical sense: ymb
+âne niht (_the next night_), 135; þurh ânes cräft, 700; þâra ânum, 1038; ân
+äfter ânum, _one for the other_ (Hrêðel for Herebeald), 2462: similarly, ân
+äfter eallum, 2269; ânes hwät, _some single thing, a part_, 3011; se ân
+leóda duguðe, _the one of the heroes of the people_, 2238; ânes willan,
+_for the sake of a single one_, 3078, etc.--Hence, again, 3) _alone,
+distinguished_, 1459, 1886.--4) _a_, in the sense of an indefinite article:
+ân ... feónd, 100; gen. sg. ânre bêne (or to No.2[?]), 428; ân ... draca,
+221l--5) gen. pl. ânra, in connection with a pronoun, _single_; ânra
+gehwylces, _every single one_, 733; ânra gehwylcum, 785. Similarly, the
+dat. pl. in this sense: nemne feáum ânum, _except a few single ones_,
+1082.--6) solus, _alone_: in the strong form, 1378, 2965; in the weak form,
+145, 425, 431, 889, etc.; with the gen., âna Geáta duguðe, _alone of the
+warriors of the Geátas_, 2658.--7) solitarius, _alone, lonely_, see
+æn.--Comp. nân.
+
+ân-feald, adj., _simple, plain, without reserve_: acc. sg. ânfealdne
+geþôht, _simple opinion_, 256.
+
+ân-genga, -gengea, w. m., _he who goes alone_, of Grendel, 165, 449.
+
+ân-haga, w. m., _he who stands alone_, solitarius, 2369.
+
+ân-hydig, adj. (like the O.N. ein-râd-r, _of one resolve_, i.e. of firm
+resolve), _of one opinion_, i.e. firm, brave, decided, 2668.
+
+ânga, adj. (only in the weak form), _single, only_: acc. sg. ângan dôhtor,
+375, 2998; ângan eaferan, 1548; dat. sg. ângan brêðer, 1263.
+
+ân-päð, st. m., _lonely way, path_: acc. pl. ânpaðas, 1411.
+
+ân-ræd, adj. (cf. under ân-hydig), _of firm resolution, resolved_, 1530,
+1576.
+
+ân-tîd, st. f., _one time_, i.e. the same time, ymb ân-tîd ôðres dôgores,
+_about the same time the second day_ (they sailed twenty-four hours),
+219.--ân stands as in ân-mod, O.H.G. ein-muoti, _harmonious, of the same
+disposition_.
+
+ânunga, adv., _throughout, entirely, wholly_, 635.
+
+âr, st. m., _ambassador, messenger_, 336, 2784.
+
+âr, st. f., 1) _honor, dignity_: ârum healdan, _to hold in honor_, 296;
+similarly, 1100, 1183.--2) _favor, grace, support_: acc. sg. âre, 1273,
+2607; dat. sg. âre, 2379; gen. pl. hwät ... ârna, 1188.--Comp. worold-âr;
+also written ær.
+
+âr-fäst, adj., _honorable, upright_, 1169; of Hûnferð (with reference to
+588). See fäst.
+
+ârian, w. v., (_to be gracious_), _to spare_: III. sg. prs. w. dat. nænegum
+ârað; of Grendel, 599.
+
+âr-stäf, st. m.,(elementum honoris), _grace, favor_: dat. pl. mid ârstafum,
+317.--_Help, support_: dat. pl. for âr-stafum, _to the assistance_, 382,
+458. See stäf.
+
+âter-teár, m., _poisonous drop_: dat. pl. îren âter-teárum fâh (steel which
+is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants), 1460.
+
+âttor, st. n., _poison_, here of the poison of the dragon's bite: nom.,
+2716.
+
+âttor-sceaða, w. m., _poisonous enemy, of the poisonous dragon_: gen. sg.
+-sceaðan, 2840.
+
+âwâ, adv. (certainly not the dative, but a reduplicated form of â, which
+see), _ever_: âwâ tô aldre, _fôr ever and ever_, 956.
+
+
+Ä
+
+ädre, adv., _hastily, directly, immediately_, 77, 354, 3107. [ædre.]
+
+äðele, adj., _noble_: nom. sg., of Beówulf, 198, 1313; of Beówulf's father,
+263, where it can be understood as well in a moral as in a genealogical
+sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen. sg. äðelan cynnes, 2235.
+
+äðeling, st. m., _nobleman, man of noble descent_, especially the
+appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of the Danes, 3; of
+Scyld, 33; of Hrôðgâr, 130; of Sigemund, 889; of Beówulf, 1226, 1245, 1597,
+1816, 2189, 2343, 2375, 2425, 2716, 3136; perhaps also of Däghrefn,
+2507;--then, in a broader sense, also denoting other noble-born men:
+Äschere, 1295; Hrôðgâr's courtiers, 118, 983; Heremôd's courtiers, 907;
+Hengest's warriors, 1113; Beówulf's retinue, 1805, 1921, 3172; noble-born
+in general, 2889. --Comp. sib-äðeling.
+
+äðelu, st. n., only in the pl., _noble descent, nobility_, in the sense of
+noble lineage: acc. pl. äðelu, 392; dat. pl. cyning äðelum gôd, _the king,
+of noble birth_, 1871; äðelum dióre, _worthy on account of noble lineage_,
+1950; äðelum (hæleþum, MS.), 332.--Comp. fäder-äðelu.
+
+äfnan, w. v. w. acc., _to perform, to carry out, to accomplish_: inf.
+ellen-weorc äfnan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1465; pret. unriht äfnde,
+_perpetrated wrong_, 1255.
+
+ge-äfnan, 1) _to carry out, to do, to accomplish_: pret. pl. þät geäfndon
+swâ, _so carried that out_, 538; pret. part. âð wäs geäfned, _the oath was
+sworn_, 1108.--2) _get ready, prepare_: pret. part. geäfned, 3107. See
+efnan.
+
+äfter (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it expresses the idea
+of _forth, away, from, back_), a) adv., _thereupon, afterwards_, 12, 341,
+1390, 2155.--ic him äfter sceal, _I shall go after them_, 2817; in word
+äfter cwäð, 315, the sense seems to be, _spoke back, having turned_; b)
+prep. w. dat., 1) (temporal) _after_, 119, 128, 187, 825, 1939, etc.; äfter
+beorne, _after the_ (death of) _the hero_, 2261, so 2262; äfter
+mâððum-welan, _after_ (obtaining) _the treasure_, 2751.--2) (causal) as
+proceeding from something, denoting result and purpose, hence, _in
+consequence of, conformably to_: äfter rihte, _in accordance with right_,
+1050, 2111; äfter faroðe, _with the current_, 580; so 1321, 1721, 1944,
+2180, etc., äfter heaðo-swâte, _in consequence of the blood of battle_,
+1607; äfter wälnîðe, _in consequence of mortal enmity_, 85; _in accordance
+with, on account of, after, about_: äfter äðelum (hæleþum, MS.)frägn,
+_asked about the descent_, 332; ne frin þu äfter sælum, _ask not after my
+welfare_, 1323; äfter sincgyfan greóteð, _weeps for the giver of treasure_,
+1343; him äfter deórum men dyrne langað, _longs in secret for the dear
+man_, 1880; ân äfter ânum, _one for the other_, 2462, etc.--3) (local),
+_along_: äfter gumcynnum, _throughout the races of men, among men_, 945;
+sôhte bed äfter bûrum, _sought a bed among the rooms of the castle_ (the
+castle was fortified, the hall was not), 140; äfter recede wlât, _looked
+along the hall_, 1573; stone äfter stâne, _smelt along the rocks_, 2289;
+äfter lyfte, _along the air through the air_, 2833; similarly, 996, 1068,
+1317, etc.
+
+äf-þunca, w. m., _anger, chagrin, vexatious affair_: nom., 502.
+
+äglæcea. See aglæcea.
+
+äled (Old Sax. eld, O.N. edl-r), st. m., _fire_, 3016. [æled.]
+
+äled-leóma, w. m., _(fire-light), torch_: acc. sg. leóman, 3126. See leóma.
+
+äl-fylce (from äl-, Goth. ali-s, [Greek: allos], and fylce, O.N. fylki,
+collective form from folc), st. n., _other folk, hostile army_: dat. pl.
+wið älfylcum, 2372.
+
+äl-mihtig (for eal-m.), adj., _almighty_: nom. sg. m., of the weak form, se
+äl-mihtiga, 92.
+
+äl-wiht, st. m., _being of another species, monster_: gen. pl. äl-wihta
+eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, 1501.
+
+äppel-fealu, adj., _dappled sorrel_, or _apple-yellow_: nom. pl.
+äppel-fealuwe mearas, _apple-yellow steeds_, 2166.
+
+ärn, st. n., _house_, in the compounds heal-, hord-, medo-, þryð-, win-ärn.
+
+äsc, st. m., _ash_ (does not occur in Beówulf in this sense), _lance,
+spear_, because the shaft consists of ash wood: dat. pl. (quâ instr.) äscum
+and ecgum, _with spears and swords_, 1773.
+
+äsc-holt, st. n., _ash wood, ashen shaft_: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg,
+_the ashen shafts gray above_ (spears with iron points), 330.
+
+äsc-wîga, w. m., _spear-fighter, warrior armed with the spear_: nom. sg.,
+2043.
+
+ät, prep. w. dat., with the fundamental meaning of nearness to something,
+hence 1) local, a) _with, near, at, on, in_ (rest): ät hýðe, in _harbor_,
+32; ät symle, _at the meal_, 81, ät âde, _on the funeral-pile_, 1111, 1115;
+ät þe ânum, _with thee alone_, 1378; ät wîge, _in the fight_, 1338; ät
+hilde, 1660, 2682; ät æte, _in eating_, 3027, etc. b) _to, towards, at, on_
+(motion to): deáðes wylm hrân ät heortan, _seized upon the heart_, 2271;
+gehêton ät härgtrafum, _vowed at_ (or _to_) _the temples of the gods_, 175.
+c) with verbs of taking away, _away from_ (as starting from near an
+object): geþeah þät ful ät Wealhþeón, _took the cup from W_., 630; fela ic
+gebâd grynna ät Grendle, _from Grendel_, 931; ät mînum fäder genam, _took
+me from my father to himself_, 2430.--2) temporal, _at, in, at the time
+of_: ät frumsceafte, _in the beginning_, 45; ät ende, _at an end_, 224;
+fand sînne dryhten ealdres ät ende, _at the end of life, dying_, 2791;
+similarly, 2823; ät feohgyftum, _in giving gifts_, 1090; ät sîðestan,
+_finally_, 3014.
+
+ät-græpe, adj., _laying hold of_, prehendens, 1270.
+
+ät-rihte, adv., _almost_, 1658.
+
+
+Æ
+
+ædre, êdre, st. f., _aqueduct, canal_ (not in Beów.), _vein_ (not in
+Beów.), _stream, violent pouring forth_: dat. pl. swât ædrum sprong, _the
+blood sprang in streams_, 2967; blôd êdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743.
+
+æðm, st. m., _breath, gasp, snort_: instr. sg. hreðer æðme weóll, _the
+breast_ (of the drake) _heaved with snorting_, 2594.
+
+æfen, st. m., _evening_, 1236.
+
+æfen-gram, adj., _hostile at evening, night-enemy_: nom. sg. m. æfen-grom,
+of Grendel, 2075.
+
+æfen-leóht, st. n., _evening-light_: nom. sg., 413.
+
+æfen-räst, st. f., _evening-rest_: acc. sg. -räste, 647, 1253.
+
+æfen-spræc, st. f., _evening-talk_: acc. sg. gemunde ...æfen-spræce,
+_thought about what he had spoken in the evening_, 760.
+
+æfre, adv., _ever, at any time_, 70, 280, 504, 693, etc.: in negative
+sentences, æfre ne, _never_, 2601.--Comp. næfre.
+
+æg-hwâ (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwër), pron., _every, each_: dat. sg. æghwæm, 1385.
+The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, _in all, throughout, thoroughly_: æghwäs
+untæle, _thoroughly blameless_, 1866; æghwäs unrîm, _entirely innumerable
+quantity_, i.e. an enormous multitude, 2625, 3136.
+
+æg-hwäðer (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwëdar): 1) _each_ (of two): nom. sg. häfde
+æghwäðer ende gefêred, _each of the two_ (Beówulf and the drake) _had
+reached the end_, 2845; dat. sg. æghwäðrum wäs brôga fram ôðrum, _to each
+of the two_ (Beówulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen. sg.
+æghwäðres ... worda and worca, 287.--2) _each_ (of several): dat. sg. heora
+æghwäðrum, 1637.
+
+æg-hwær, adv., _everywhere_, 1060.
+
+æg-hwilc (O.H.G. êo-gi-hwëlih), pron., unusquisque, _every_ (one): 1) used
+as an adj.: acc. sg. m. dæl æghwylcne, 622.--2) as substantive, a) with the
+partitive genitive: nom. sg. æg-hwylc, 9, 2888; dat. sg. æghwylcum, 1051.
+b) without gen.: nom. sg. æghwylc, 985, 988; (wäs) æghwylc ôðrum trýwe,
+_each one_ (of two) _true to the other_, 1166.
+
+æg-weard, st. f., _watch on the sea shore_: acc. sg. æg-wearde, 241.
+
+æht (abstract form from âgan, denoting the state of possessing), st. f.: 1)
+_possession, power_: acc. sg. on flôdes æht, 42; on wäteres æht, _into the
+power of the water_, 516; on æht gehwearf Denigea freán, _passed over into
+the possession of a Danish master_, 1680.--2) _property, possessions,
+goods_: acc. pl. æhte, 2249.--Comp. mâðm-, gold-æht.
+
+æht (O.H.G. âhta), st. f., _pursuit_: nom. þâ wäs æht boden Sweona leódum,
+segn Higelâce, _then was pursuit offered to the people of the Sweonas,
+(their) banner to Hygelâc_ (i.e. the banner of the Swedes, taken during
+their flight, fell into the hands of Hygelâc), 2958.
+
+ge-æhtan, w. v., _to prize, to speak in praise of_: pret. part. geæhted,
+1866. [geähtan.]
+
+ge-æhtla, w. m., or ge-æhtle, w. f., _a speaking of with praise, high
+esteem_: gen. sg. hy ... wyrðe þinceað eorla geæhtlan, _seem worthy of the
+high esteem of the noble-born_, 369. [geähtla.]
+
+æn (oblique form of ân), num., _one_: acc. sg. m. þone ænne þone..., _the
+one whom_..., 1054; oftor micle þonne on ænne sîð, _much oftener than one
+time_, 1580; forð onsendon ænne, _sent him forth alone_, 46.
+
+æne, adv., _once_: oft nalles æne, 3020.
+
+ænig, pron., _one, any one_, 474, 503, 510, 534, etc.: instr. sg. nolde ...
+0nige þinga, _would in no way, not at all_, 792; lyt ænig mearn, _little
+did any one sorrow_ (i.e. no one), 3130.--With the article: näs se
+folccyning ... ænig, _no people's king_, 2735.--Comp. nænig.
+
+æn-lîc, adj., _alone, excellent, distinguished_: ænlîc ansýn,
+_distinguished appearance_, 251; þeáh þe hió ænlîcu sý, _though she be
+beautiful_, 1942.
+
+ær (comparative form, from â): 1) adv., _sooner, before, beforehand_, 15,
+656, 695, 758, etc., _for a long time_, 2596; eft swâ ær, _again as
+formerly_, 643; ær ne siððan, _neither sooner nor later_, 719; ær and sîð,
+_sooner and later_ (all times), 2501; nô þý ær (_not so much the sooner_),
+_yet not_, 755, 1503, 2082, 2161, 2467.--2) conjunct., _before, ere_: a)
+with the ind.: ær hió tô setle geóng, 2020. b) w. subjunc.: ær ge fyr
+fêran, _before you travel farther_, 252; ær he on hwurfe 164, so 677, 2819;
+ær þon däg cwôme, _ere the day break_, 732; ær correlative to ær adv.: ær
+he feorh seleð, aldor an ôfre, ær he wille ..., _he will sooner_ (rather)
+_leave his life upon the shore, before_ (than) _he will_ ..., 1372.--3)
+prepos. with dat., _before_ ær deáðe, _before death_, 1389; ær däges hwîle,
+_before daybreak_, 2321; ær swylt-däge, _before the day of death_, 2799.
+
+æror, comp. adv., _sooner, before-hand_, 810; _formerly_, 2655.
+
+ærra, comp. adj., _earlier_; instr. pl., ærran mælum, _in former times_,
+908, 2238, 3036.
+
+ærest, superl.: 1) adv., _first of all, foremost_, 6, 617, 1698, etc.--2)
+as subst. n., _relation to, the beginning_: acc. þät ic his ærest þe eft
+gesägde (_to tell thee in what relation it stood at first to the coat of
+mail that has been presented_), 2158. See Note.
+
+ær-däg, st. m. (_before-day_), _morning-twilight, gray of morning_: dat.
+sg. mid ærdäge, 126; samod ærdäge, 1312, 2943.
+
+ærende, st. n., _errand, trust_: acc. sg., 270, 345.
+
+ær-fäder, st. m., _late father, deceased father_: nom sg. swâ his ærfäder,
+2623.
+
+ær-gestreón, st. n., _old treasure, possessions dating from old times_: acc
+sg., 1758; gen. sg. swylcra fela ærgestreóna, _much of such old treasure_,
+2233. See gestreón.
+
+ær-geweorc, st. n., _work dating from old times_: nom. sg. enta ær-geweorc,
+_the old work of the giants_ (of the golden sword-hilt from Grendel's
+water-hall), 1680. See geweorc.
+
+ær-gôd, adj., _good since old times, long invested with dignity_ or
+_advantages_: äðeling ærgôd, 130; (eorl) ærgôd, 1330; îren ærgôd
+(_excellent sword_), 990, 2587.
+
+ær-wela, w. m., _old possessions, riches dating from old times_: acc. sg.
+ærwelan, 2748. See wela.
+
+æs, st. n., _carcass, carrion_: dat. (instr.) sg. æse, of Äschere's corpse,
+1333.
+
+æt, st. m., _food, meat_: dat, sg., hû him ät æte speów, _how he fared well
+at meat_, 3027.
+
+ættren (see âttor), adj., _poisonous_: wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât, ættren
+ellorgâst, se ær inne swealt, _so hot was the blood, (and) poisonous the
+demon_ (Grendel's mother) _who died therein_, 1618
+
+
+B
+
+bana, bona, w. m., _murderer_, 158, 588, 1103, etc.: acc. sg. bonan
+Ongenþeówes, of Hygelâc, although in reality his men slew Ongenþeów (2965
+ff.), 1969. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne wäs ecg bona, 2507; wearð
+wracu Weohstânes bana, 2614.--Comp.: ecg-, feorh-, gâst-, hand-, mûð-bana.
+
+bon-gâr, st. m. _murdering spear_, 2032.
+
+ge-bannan, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person, _to command,
+to bid_: inf., 74.
+
+bâd, st. f., _pledge_, only in comp.: nýd-bâd.
+
+bân, st. n., _bone_: dat. sg. on bâne (on the bony skin of the drake),
+2579; dat. pl. heals ealne ymbefêng biteran bânum (here of the teeth of the
+drake), 2693.
+
+bân-côfa, w. m., "cubile ossium" (Grimm) of the body: dat. sg. -côfan,
+1446.
+
+bân-fâg, adj., _variegated with bones_, either with ornaments made of
+bone-work, or adorned with bone, perhaps deer-antlers; of Hrôðgâr's hall,
+781. The last meaning seems the more probable.
+
+bân-fät, st. n., _bone-vessel_, i.e. the body: acc. pl. bân-fatu, 1117.
+
+bân-hring, st. m., _the bone-structure, joint, bone-joint_: acc. pl. hire
+wið halse ... bânhringas bräc (_broke her neck-joint_), 1568.
+
+bân-hûs, st. n., _bone-house_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. bânhûs gebräc, 2509;
+similarly, 3148.
+
+bân-loca, w. m., _the enclosure of the bones_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. bât
+bânlocan, _bit the body_, 743; nom. pl. burston bânlocan, _the body burst_
+(of Grendel, because his arm was torn out), 819.
+
+bât, st. m., _boat, craft, ship_, 211.--Comp. sæ-bât.
+
+bât-weard, st. m., _boat-watcher, he who keeps watch over the craft._ dat.
+sg. -wearde, 1901.
+
+bäð, st. n., _bath_: acc. sg. ofer ganotes bäð, _over the diver's bath_
+(i.e. the sea), 1862.
+
+bärnan, w. v., _to cause to burn, to burn_: inf. hêt ... bânfatu bärnan,
+_bade that the bodies be burned_, 1117; ongan ... beorht hofu bärnan,
+_began to consume the splendid country-seats_ (the dragon), 2314.
+
+for-bärnan, w. v., _consume with fire_: inf. hy hine ne môston ...
+brondefor-bärnan, _they_ (the Danes) _could not burn him_ (the dead
+Äschere) _upon the funeral-pile_, 2127.
+
+bædan (Goth, baidjan, O.N. beðia), _to incite, to encourage_: pret. bædde
+byre geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+ge-bædan, w. v., _to press hard_: pret. part. bysigum gebæded, _distressed
+by trouble, difficulty, danger_ (of battle), 2581; _to drive, to send
+forth_: stræla storm strengum gebæded, _the storm of arrows sent with
+strength_, 3118; _overcome_: draca ... bealwe gebæded, _the dragon ...
+overcome by the ills of battle_, 2827.
+
+bæl (O.N. bâl), st. n., _fire, flames_: (wyrm) mid bæle fôr, _passed
+(through the air) with fire_, 2309; häfde landwara lîge befangan, bæle and
+bronde, _with fire and burning_, 2323.--Especially, _the fire of the
+funeral-pile, the funeral-pile_, 1110, 1117, 2127; ær he bæl cure, _ere he
+sought the burning_ (i.e. died), 2819; hâtað ... hlæw gewyrcean ... äfter
+bæle, _after I am burned, let a burial mound be thrown up_ (Beówulf's
+words), 2804.
+
+bæl-fýr, st. n., _bale-fire, fire of the funeral-pile_: gen. pl. bælfýra
+mæst, 3144.
+
+bæl-stede, st. m., _place for the funeral-pile_: dat. sg. in bæl=stede,
+3098.
+
+bæl-wudu, st. m., _wood for the funeral-pile_, 3113.
+
+bær, st. f., _bier_, 3106.
+
+ge-bæran, w. v., _to conduct one's self, behave_: inf. w. adv., ne gefrägen
+ic þâ mægðe ... sêl gebæran, _I did not hear that a troop bore itself
+better, maintained a nobler deportment_, 1013; he on eorðan geseah þone
+leófestan lîfes ät ende bleáte gebæran, _saw the best-beloved upon the
+earth, at the end of his life, struggling miserably_ (i.e. in a helpless
+situation), 2825.
+
+ge-bætan (denominative from bæte, _the bit_), w. v., _to place the bit in
+the mouth of an animal, to bridle_: pret. part. þâ wäs Hrôðgâre hors
+gebæted, 1400.
+
+be, prep. w. dat. (with the fundamental meaning _near_, "but not of one
+direction, as ät, but more general"): 1) local, _near by, near, at, on_
+(rest): be ýdlâfe uppe lægon, _lay above, upon the deposit of the waves_
+(upon the strand, of the slain nixies), 566; häfde be honda, _held by the
+hand_ (Beówulf held Grendel), 815; be sæm tweonum, _in the circuit of both
+the seas_, 859, 1686; be mäste, _on the mast_, 1906; by fýre, _by the
+fire_, 2220; be nässe, _at the promontory_, 2244; sät be þæm gebrôðrum
+twæm, _sat by the two brothers_, 1192; wäs se gryre lässa efne swâ micle
+swâ bið mägða cräft be wæpnedmen, _the terror was just so much less, as is
+the strength of woman to the warrior_ (i.e. is valued by), 1285, etc.--2)
+also local, but of motion from the subject in the direction of the object,
+_on, upon, by_: gefêng be eaxle, _seized by the shoulder_, 1538; âlêdon
+leófne þeóden be mäste, _laid the dear lord near the mast_, 36; be healse
+genam, _took him by the neck, fell upon his neck_, 1873; wæpen hafenade be
+hiltum, _grasped the weapon by the hilt_, 1757, etc.--3) with this is
+connected the causal force, _on account of, for, according to_: ic þis gid
+be þe âwräc, _I spake this solemn speech for thee, for thy sake_, 1724; þû
+þe lær be þon, _learn according to this, from this_, 1723; be fäder lâre,
+_according to her father's direction_, 1951.--4) temporal, _while, during_:
+be þe lifigendum, _while thou livest, during thy life_, 2666. See bî.
+
+bed, st. n., _bed, couch_: acc. sg. bed, 140, 677; gen. sg. beddes, 1792;
+dat. pl. beddum, 1241.--Comp: deað-, hlin-, läger-, morðor-, wäl-bed.
+
+ge-bedde, w. f., _bed-fellow_: dat. sg. wolde sêcan ewên tô gebeddan,
+_wished to seek the queen as bed-fellow, to go to bed with her_,
+666.--Comp. heals-gebedde.
+
+begen, fem. bâ, _both_: nom. m., 536, 770, 2708; acc. fem. on bâ healfa,
+_on two sides_ (i.e. Grendel and his mother), 1306; dat. m. bâm, 2197; and
+in connection with the possessive instead of the personal pronoun, ûrum
+bâm, 2661; gen. n. bega, 1874, 2896; bega gehwäðres, _each one of the two_,
+1044; bega folces, of _both peoples_, 1125.
+
+ge-belgan, st. v. (properly, _to cause to swell, to swell_), _to irritate_:
+w. dat. (pret. subj.) þät he êcean dryhtne bitre gebulge, _that he had
+bitterly angered the eternal Lord_, 2332; pret. part. gebolgen, 1540;
+(gebolge, MS.), 2222; pl. gebolgne, 1432; more according to the original
+meaning in torne gebolgen, 2402.
+
+â-belgan, _to anger_: pret. sg. w. acc. ôð þät hyne ân âbealh mon on môde,
+_till a man angered him in his heart_, 2281; pret. part. âbolgen, 724.
+
+ben, st. f., _wound_: acc. sg. benne, 2725.--Comp.: feorh-, seax-ben.
+
+benc, st. f., _bench_: nom. sg. benc, 492; dat. sg. bence, 327, 1014, 1189,
+1244.--Comp.: ealu-, medu-benc.
+
+benc-swêg, st. m., (_bench-rejoicing_), _rejoicing which resounds from the
+benches_, 1162.
+
+benc-þel, st. n., _bench-board, the wainscotted space where the benches
+stand_: nom. pl. benc-þelu, 486; acc. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the
+bench-boards_ (i.e. by taking away the benches, so as to prepare couches),
+1240.
+
+bend, st. m. f., _bond, fetter_: acc. sg. forstes bend, _frost's bond_,
+1610; dat. pl. bendum, 978.--Comp.: fýr-, hell-, hyge-, îren-, oncer-,
+searo-, wäl-bend.
+
+ben-geat, st. n., (_wound-gate_), _wound-opening_: nom. pl. ben-geato,
+1122.
+
+bera (O.N. beri), w. m., _bearer_: in comp. hleor-bera.
+
+beran, st. v. w. acc., _to carry_; III. sg. pres. byreð, 296, 448; þone
+mâððum byreð, _carries the treasure_ (upon his person), 2056; pres. subj.
+bere, 437; pl. beren, 2654; inf. beran, 48, 231, 291, etc.; hêht þâ se
+hearda Hrunting beran, _to bring Hrunting_, 1808; up beran, 1921; in beran,
+2153; pret. bär, 495, 712, 847, etc.; mandryhtne bär fäted wæge, _brought
+the lord the costly vessel_, 2282; pl. bæron, 213, 1636, etc.; bæran, 2851;
+pret. part. boren, 1193, 1648, 3136.--The following expressions are poetic
+paraphrases of the forms _go, come_: þät we rondas beren eft tô earde,
+2654; gewîtað forð beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; ic gefrägn sunu Wihstânes
+hringnet beran, 2755; wîgheafolan bär, 2662; helmas bæron, 240
+(conjecture); scyldas bæran, 2851: they lay stress upon the connection of
+the man with his weapons.
+
+ät-beran, _to carry to_: inf. tô beadulâce (_battle_) ätberan, 1562; pret.
+þâ hine on morgentîd on Heaðoræmas holm up ätbär, _the sea bore him up to
+the Heaðoræmas_, 519; hió Beówulfe medoful ätbär _brought Beówulf the
+mead-cup_, 625; mägenbyrðenne ... hider ût ätbär cyninge mînum, _bore the
+great burden hither to my king_, 3093; pl. hî hyne ätbæron tô brimes
+faroðe, 28.
+
+for-beran, _to hold, to suppress_: inf. þät he þone breóstwylm forberan ne
+mehte, _that he could not suppress the emotions of his breast_, 1878.
+
+ge-beran, _to bring forth, to bear_: pret. part. þät lâ mäg secgan se þe
+sôð and riht fremeð on folce ... þät þes eorl wære geboren betera (_that
+may every just man of the people say, that this nobleman is better born_),
+1704.
+
+ôð-beran, _to bring hither_: pret. þâ mec sæ ôðbär on Finna land, 579.
+
+on-beran (O.H.G. in bëran, intpëran, but in the sense of carere), auferre,
+_to carry off, to take away_: inf. îren ærgôd þät þäs ahlæcan blôdge
+beadufolme onberan wolde, _excellent sword which would sweep off the bloody
+hand of the demon_, 991; pret. part. (wäs) onboren beága hord, _the
+treasure of the rings had been carried off_, 2285.--Compounds with the
+pres. part.: helm-, sâwl-berend.
+
+berian (denominative from bär, _naked_), w. v., _to make bare, to clear_:
+pret. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the bench-place_ (by removing the
+benches), 1240.
+
+berstan, st. v., _to break, to burst_: pret. pl. burston bânlocan, 819;
+bengeato burston, 1122.--_to crack, to make the noise of breaking_: fingras
+burston, _the fingers cracked_ (from Beówulf's gripe), 761.
+
+for-berstan, _break, to fly asunder_: pret. Nägling forbärst, _Nägling_
+(Beówulf's sword) _broke in two_, 2681.
+
+betera, adj. (comp.), _better_: nom. sg. m. betera, 469, 1704.
+
+bet-lîc, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. n., of Hrôðgâr's hall, 781;
+of Hygelâc's residence, 1926.
+
+betst, betost (superl.), _best, the best_: nom. sg. m. betst beadurinca,
+1110; neut. nu is ôfost betost, þät we ..., _now is haste the best, that
+we..._, 3008; voc. m. secg betsta, 948; neut. acc. beaduscrûda betst, 453;
+acc. sg. m. þegn betstan, 1872.
+
+bêcn, st. n., _(beacon), token, mark, sign_: acc. sg. betimbredon
+beadu-rôfes bêcn (of Beówulf's grave-mound), 3162. See beacen.
+
+bêg. See beág.
+
+bên, st. f., _entreaty_: gen. sg. bêne, 428, 2285.
+
+bêna, w. m., _suppliant_, supplex: nom. sg. swâ þu bêna eart (_as thou
+entreatest_), 352; swâ he bêna wäs (_as he had asked_), 3141; nom. pl. hy
+bênan synt, 364.
+
+ge-betan: 1) _to make good, to remove_: pret. ac þu Hrôðgâre wîdcûðne weán
+wihte gebêttest, _hast thou in any way relieved Hrôðgâr of the evil known
+afar_, 1992; pret. part. acc. sg. swylce oncýððe ealle gebêtte, _removed
+all trouble_, 831. --2) _to avenge_: inf. wihte ne meahte on þam feorhbonan
+fæhðe gebêtan, _could in no way avenge the death upon the slayer_, 2466.
+
+beadu, st. f., _battle, strife, combat_: dat. sg. (as instr.) beadwe, _in
+combat_, 1540; gen. pl. bâd beadwa ge-þinges, _waited for the combats_
+(with Grendel) _that were in store for him_, 710.
+
+beadu-folm, st. f., _battle-hand_: acc. sg. -folme, of Grendel's hand, 991.
+
+beado-grîma, w. m., _(battle-mask), helmet_: acc. pl. -grîman, 2258.
+
+beado-hrägl, st. n., _(battle-garment), corselet, shirt of mail_, 552.
+
+beadu-lâc, st. n., (_exercise in arms, tilting_), _combat, battle_: dat.
+sg. tô beadu-lâce, 1562.
+
+beado-leóma, w. m., (_battle-light_), _sword_: nom. sg., 1524.
+
+beado-mêce, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. beado-mêcas, 1455.
+
+beado-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: gen. pl. betst beadorinca,
+1110.
+
+beadu-rôf, adj., _strong in battle_: gen. sg. -rôfes, of Beówulf, 3162.
+
+beadu-rûn, st. f., _mystery of battle_: acc. sg. onband beadu-rûne, _solved
+the mystery of the combat_, i.e. gave battle, commenced the fight, 501.
+
+beadu-scearp, adj., _battle-sharp, sharp for the battle_, 2705.
+
+beadu-scrûd, st. n., (_battle-dress_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: gen. pl.
+beaduscrûda betst, 453.
+
+beadu-serce, w. f., (_battle-garment_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: acc. sg.
+brogdne beadu-sercean (because it consists of interlaced metal rings),
+2756.
+
+beado-weorc, st. n., (_battle-work_), _battle_: gen. sg. gefeh
+beado-weorces, _rejoiced at the battle_, 2300.
+
+beald, adj., _bold, brave_: in comp. cyning-beald.
+
+bealdian, w. v., _to show one's self brave_: pret. bealdode gôdum dædum
+(_through brave deeds_), 2178.
+
+bealdor, st. m., _lord, prince_: nom. sg. sinca baldor, 2429; winia
+bealdor, 2568.
+
+bealu, st. n., _evil, ruin, destruction_: instr. sg. bealwe, 2827; gen. pl.
+bealuwa, 281; bealewa, 2083; bealwa, 910.--Comp.: cwealm-, ealdor-,
+hreðer-, leód-, morðor-, niht-, sweord-, wîg-bealu.
+
+bealu, adj., _deadly, dangerous, bad_: instr. sg. hyne sâr hafað befongen
+balwon bendum, _pain has entwined him in deadly bands_, 978.
+
+bealo-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, death by the sword_(?), 2266.
+
+bealo-hycgende, pres. part., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_:
+gen. pl. æghwäðrum bealo-hycgendra, 2566.
+
+bealo-hydig, adj., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_: of Grendel,
+724.
+
+bealo-nîð, st. m., (_zeal for destruction_), _deadly enmity_: nom. sg.,
+2405; _destructive struggle_: acc. sg. bebeorh þe þone bealonîð, _beware of
+destructive striving_, 1759; _death-bringing rage_: nom. sg. him on
+breóstum bealo-nîð weóll, _in his breast raged deadly fury_ (of the
+dragon's poison), 2715.
+
+bearhtm (see beorht): 1) st. m., _splendor, brightness, clearness_: nom.
+sg. eágena bearhtm, 1767.--2) _sound, tone_: acc. sg. bearhtm ongeâton,
+gûðhorn galan, _they heard the sound, (heard) the battle-horn sound_, 1432.
+
+bearm, m., gremium, sinus, _lap, bosom_: nom. sg. foldan bearm, 1138; acc.
+sg. on bearm scipes, 35, 897; on bearm nacan, 214; him on bearm hladan
+bunan and discas, 2776.--2) figuratively, _possession, property_, because
+things bestowed were placed in the lap of the receiver (1145 and 2195, on
+bearm licgan, âlecgan); dat. sg. him tô bearme cwom mâððumfät mære, _came
+into his possession_, 2405.
+
+bearn, st. n., 1) _child, son_: nom. sg. bearn Healfdenes, 469, etc.;
+Ecglâfes bearn, 499, etc.; dat. sg. bearne, 2371; nom. pl. bearn, 59; dat.
+pl. bearnum, 1075.--2) in a broader sense, _scion, offspring, descendant_:
+nom. sg. Ongenþeów's bearn, of his grandson, 2388; nom. pl. yldo. bearn,
+70; gumena bearn, _children of men_, 879; häleða bearn, 1190; äðelinga
+bearn, 3172; acc. pl. ofer ylda bearn, 606; dat. pl. ylda bearnum, 150;
+gen. pl. niðða bearna, 1006.--Comp.: brôðor-, dryht-bearn.
+
+bearn-gebyrdu, f., _birth, birth of a son_: gen. sg. þät hyre ealdmetod
+êste wære bearn-gebyrdo, _has been gracious through the birth of such a
+son_ (i.e. as Beówulf), 947.
+
+bearu, st. m., (_the bearer_, hence properly only the fruit-tree,
+especially the oak and the beech), _tree_, collectively _forest_: nom. pl.
+hrîmge bearwas, _rime-covered_ or _ice-clad_, 1364.
+
+beácen, st. n., _sign, banner_, vexillum: nom. sg. beorht beácen godes, _of
+the sun_, 570; gen. pl. beácna beorhtost, 2778. See bêcn.
+
+ge-beácnian, w. v., _to mark, to indicate_: pret. part. ge-beácnod, 140.
+
+beág, st. m., _ring, ornament_: nom. sg. beáh (_neck-ring_), 1212; acc. sg.
+beáh (the collar of the murdered king of the Heaðobeardnas), 2042; bêg
+(collective for the acc. pl.), 3165; dat. sg. cwom Wealhþeó forð gân under
+gyldnum beáge, _she walked along under a golden head-ring, wore a golden
+diadem_, 1164; gen. sg. beáges (of a collar), 1217; acc. pl. beágas (rings
+in general), 80, 523, etc.; gen. pl. beága, 35, 352, 1488, 2285, etc.--
+Comp.: earm-, heals-beág.
+
+beág-gyfa, w. m., _ring-giver_, designation of the prince: gen. sg. -gyfan,
+1103.
+
+beág-hroden, adj., _adorned with rings, ornamented with clasps_: nom. sg.
+beághroden, cwên, of Hrôðgâr's consort, perhaps with reference to her
+diadem (cf. 1164), 624.
+
+beáh-hord, st. m. n., _ring-hoard, treasure consisting of rings_: gen. sg.
+beáh-hordes, 895; dat. pl. beáh-hordum, 2827; gen. pl. beáh-horda weard, of
+King Hrôðgâr, 922.
+
+beáh-sele, st. m., _ring-hall, hall in which the rings were distributed_:
+nom. sg., of Heorot, 1178.
+
+beáh-þegu, st. f., _the receiving of the ring_: dat. sg. äfter beáh-þege,
+2177.
+
+beáh-wriða, w. m. _ring-band_, ring with prominence given to its having the
+form of a band: acc. sg. beáh-wriðan, 2019.
+
+beám, st. m., _tree_, only in the compounds fyrgen-, gleó-beám.
+
+beátan, st. v., _thrust, strike_: pres. sg. mearh burhstede beáteð, _the
+steed beats the castle-ground_ (place where the castle is built), i.e. with
+his hoofs, 2266; pret. part. swealt bille ge-beáten, _died, struck by the
+battle-axe_, 2360.
+
+beorh, st. m.: 1) _mountain, rock_: dat. sg. beorge, 211; gen. sg. beorges,
+2525, 2756; acc. pl. beorgas, 222.--2) _grave-mound, tomb-hill_: acc. sg.
+biorh, 2808; beorh, 3098, 3165. A grave-mound serves the drake as a retreat
+(cf. 2277, 2412): nom. sg. beorh, 2242; gen. sg. beorges, 2323.--Comp.
+stân-beorh.
+
+beorh, st. f., _veil, covering, cap_; only in the comp. heáfod-beorh.
+
+beorgan, st. v. (w. dat. of the interested person or thing), _to save, to
+shield_: inf. wolde feore beorgan, _place her life in safety_, 1294;
+here-byrne ... seó þe bâncôfan beorgan cûðe, _which could protect his
+body_, 1446; pret. pl. ealdre burgan, 2600.
+
+be-beorgan (w. dat. refl. of pers. and acc. of the thing), _to take care,
+to defend one's self from_: inf. him be-beorgan ne con wom, _cannot keep
+himself from stain_ (fault), 1747; imp. bebeorh þe þone bealontð, 1759.
+
+ge-beorgan (w, dat. of person or thing to be saved), _to save, to protect_:
+pret. sg. þät gebearh feore, _protected the life_, 1549; scyld wel gebearg
+lîfe and lîce, 2571.
+
+ymb-beorgan, _to surround protectingly_: pret. sg. bring ûtan ymb-bearh,
+1504.
+
+beorht, byrht, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining, radiant, shimmering_: nom. sg.
+beorht, of the sun, 570, 1803; beorhta, of Heorot, 1178; þät beorhte bold,
+998; acc. sg. beorhtne, of Beówulf's grave-mound, 2804; dat. sg. tô þære
+byrhtan (here-byrhtan, MS.) byrig, 1200; acc. pl. beorhte frätwe, 214, 897;
+beorhte randas, 231; bordwudu beorhtan, 1244; n. beorht hofu, 2314.
+Superl.: beácna beorhtost, 2778. --2) _excellent, remarkable_: gen. sg.
+beorhtre bôte, 158. --Comp.: sadol-, wlite-beorht.
+
+beorhte, adv., _brilliantly, brightly, radiantly_, 1518.
+
+beorhtian, w. v., _to sound clearly_: pret. sg. beorhtode benc-swêg, 1162.
+
+beorn, st. m., _hero, warrior, noble man_: nom. sg. (Hrôðgâr), 1881,
+(Beówulf), 2434, etc.; acc. sg. (Beów.), 1025, (Äschere), 1300; dat. sg.
+beorne, 2261; nom. pl. beornas (Beówulf and his companions), 211,
+(Hrôðgâr's guests), 857; gen. pl. biorna (Beówulf's liege-men),
+2405.--Comp.: folc-, gûð-beorn.
+
+beornan, st. v., _to burn_: pres. part. byrnende (of the drake),
+2273.--Comp. un-byrnende.
+
+for-beornan, _to be consumed, to burn_: pret. sg. for-barn, 1617, 1668;
+for-born, 2673.
+
+ge-beornan, _to be burned_: pret. gebarn, 2698.
+
+beorn-cyning, st. m., _king of warriors, king of heroes_: nom. sg. (as
+voc.), 2149.
+
+beódan, st. v.: 1) _to announce, to inform, to make known_: inf. biódan,
+2893.--2) _to offer, to proffer_ (as the notifying of a transaction in
+direct reference to the person concerned in it): pret. pl. him geþingo
+budon, _offered them an agreement_, 1086; pret. part. þâ wäs æht boden
+Sweona leódum, _then was pursuit offered the Swedish people_, 2958; inf. ic
+þäm gôdan sceal mâðmas beódan, _I shall offer the excellent man treasures_,
+385.
+
+â-beódan, _to present, to announce_: pret. word inne âbeád, _made known the
+words within_, 390; _to offer, to tender, to wish_: pret. him hæl âbeád,
+_wished him health_ (greeted him), 654. Similarly, hælo âbeád, 2419; eoton
+weard âbeád, _offered the giant a watcher_, 669.
+
+be-beódan, _to command, to order_: pret. swâ him se hearda bebeád, _as the
+strong man commanded them_, 401. Similarly, swâ se rîca bebeád, 1976.
+
+ge-beódan: 1) _to command, to order_: inf. hêt þâ gebeódan byre Wihstânes
+häleða monegum, þät hie..., _the son of Wihstan caused orders to be given
+to many of the men..._, 3111.--2) _to offer_: him Hygd gebeád hord and
+rîce, _offered him the treasure and the chief power_, 2370; inf. gûðe
+gebeódan, _to offer battle_, 604.
+
+beód-geneát, st. m., _table-companion_: nom. and acc. pl. geneátas, 343,
+1714.
+
+beón, verb, _to be_, generally in the future sense, _will be_: pres. sg. I.
+gûðgeweorca ic beó gearo sôna, _I shall immediately be ready for warlike
+deeds_, 1826; sg. III. wâ bið þäm þe sceal..., _woe to him who_...! 183;
+so, 186; gifeðe bið is given, 299; ne bið þe wilna gâd (_no wish will be
+denied thee_), 661; þær þe bið manna þearf, _if thou shalt need the
+warriors_, 1836; ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw, _is not becoming, honorable to
+a woman_, 1941; eft sôna bið _will happen directly_, 1763; similarly, 1768,
+etc.; pl. þonne bióð brocene, _then are broken_, 2064; feor cýððe beóð
+sêlran gesôhte þam þe..., "terrae longinquae meliores sunt visitatu ei
+qui..." (Grein), 1839; imp. beó (bió) þu on ôfeste, _hasten!_ 386, 2748;
+beó wið Geátas gläd, _be gracious to the Geátas_, 1174.
+
+beór, st. n., _beer_: dat. sg. ät beóre, _at beer-drinking_, 2042; instr.
+sg. beóre druncen, 531; beóre druncne, 480.
+
+beór-scealc, st. m., _keeper of the beer, cup-bearer_: gen. pl.
+beór-scealca sum (one of Hrôðgâr's followers, because they served the
+Geátas at meals), 1241.
+
+beór-sele, st. m., _beer-hall, hall in which beer is drunk_: dat. sg. in
+(on) beórsele, 482, 492, 1095; biórsele, 2636.
+
+beór-þegu, st. f., _beer-drinking, beer-banquet_: dat. sg. äfter beórþege,
+117; ät þære beórþege, 618.
+
+beót, st. n., _promise, binding agreement to something that is to be
+undertaken_: acc. sg. he beót ne âlêh, _did not break his pledge_, 80; beót
+eal ... gelæste, _performed all that he had pledged himself to_, 523.
+
+ge-beótian, w. v., _to pledge one's self to an undertaking, to bind one's
+self_: pret. gebeótedon, 480, 536.
+
+beót-word, st. n., same as beót: dat. pl. beót-wordum spräc, 2511.
+
+biddan, st. v., _to beg, to ask, to pray_: pres. sg. I. dôð swâ ic bidde!
+1232; inf. (w. acc. of the pers. and gen. of the thing asked for) ic þe
+biddan wille ânre bêne, _beg thee for one_, 427; pret. swâ he selfa bäd,
+_as he himself had requested_, 29; bäd hine blîðne (supply wesan) ät þære
+beórþege, _begged him to be cheerful at the beer-banquet_, 618; ic þe lange
+bäd þät þu..., _begged you a long time that you_, 1995; frioðowære bäd
+hlâford sînne, _begged his lord for protection_ (acc. of pers. and gen. of
+thing), 2283; bäd þät ge geworhton, _asked that you_..., 3097; pl. wordum
+bædon þät..., 176.
+
+on-bidian, w. v., _to await_: inf. lætað hilde-bord her onbidian ... worda
+geþinges, _let the shields await here the result of the conference_ (lay
+the shields aside here), 397.
+
+bil, st. n. _sword_: nom. sg. bil, 1568; bill, 2778; acc. sg. bil, 1558;
+instr. sg. bille, 2360; gen. sg. billes, 2061, etc.; instr. pl. billum, 40;
+gen. pl. billa, 583, 1145.--Comp.: gûð-, hilde-, wîg-bil.
+
+bindan, st. v., _to bind, to tie_: pret. part. acc. sg. wudu bundenne, _the
+bound wood_, i.e. the built ship, 216; bunden golde swurd, _a sword bound
+with gold_, i.e. either having its hilt inlaid with gold, or having gold
+chains upon the hilt (swords of both kinds have been found), 1901; nom. sg.
+heoru bunden, 1286, has probably a similar meaning.
+
+ge-bindan, _to bind_: pret. sg. þær ic fîfe geband, _where I had bound
+five_(?), 420; pret. part. cyninges þegn word ôðer fand sôðe gebunden, _the
+king's man found_ (after many had already praised Beówulf's deed) _other
+words_ (also referring to Beówulf, but in connection with Sigemund)
+_rightly bound together_, i.e. in good alliterative verses, as are becoming
+to a gid, 872; wundenmæl wrättum gebunden, _sword bound with ornaments_,
+i.e. inlaid, 1532; bisgum gebunden, _bound together by sorrow_, 1744; gomel
+gûðwîga eldo gebunden, _hoary hero bound by old age_ (fettered, oppressed),
+2112.
+
+on-bindan, _to unbind, to untie, to loose_: pret. onband, 501.
+
+ge-bind, st. n. coll., _that which binds, fetters_: in comp. îs-gebind.
+
+bite, st. m., _bite_, figuratively of the cut of the sword: acc. sg. bite
+îrena, _the swords' bite_, 2260; dat. sg. äfter billes bite, 2061.--Comp.
+lâð-bite.
+
+biter (primary meaning that of biting), adj.: 1) _sharp, cutting, cutting
+in_: acc. sg. biter (of a short sword), 2705; instr. sg. biteran stræle,
+1747; instr. pl. biteran bânum, _with sharp teeth_, 2693.--2) _irritated,
+furious_: nom. pl. bitere, 1432.
+
+bitre, adv., _bitterly_ (in a moral sense), 2332.
+
+bî, big (fuller form of the prep. be, which see), prep. w. dat.: 1) _near,
+at, on, about, by_ (as under be, No. 1): bî sæm tweónum, _in the circuit of
+both seas_, 1957; ârâs bî ronde, _raised himself up by the shield_, 2539;
+bî wealle gesät, _sat by the wall_, 2718. With a freer position: him big
+stôdan bunan and orcas, _round about him_, 3048.--2) _to, towards_
+(motion): hwearf þâ bî bence, _turned then towards the bench_, 1189; geóng
+bî sesse, _went to the seat_, 2757.
+
+bîd (see bîdan), st. n., _tarrying hesitation_: þær wearð Ongenþió on bîd
+wrecen, _forced to tarry_, 2963.
+
+bîdan, st. v.: 1) _to delay, to stay, to remain, to wait_: inf. nô on
+wealle leng bîdan wolde, _would not stay longer within the wall_ (the
+drake), 2309; pret. in þýstrum bâd, _remained in darkness_, 87; flota
+stille bâd, _the craft lay still_, 301; receda ... on þäm se rîca bâd,
+_where the mighty one dwelt_, 310; þær se snottra bâd, _where the wise man_
+(Hrôðgâr) _waited_, 1314; he on searwum bâd, _he_ (Beówulf) _stood there
+armed_, 2569; ic on earde bâd mælgesceafta, _lived upon the paternal ground
+the time appointed me by fate_, 2737; pret. pl. sume þær bidon, _some
+remained, waited there_, 400.--2) _to await, to wait for_, with the gen. of
+that which is awaited: inf. bîdan woldon Grendles gûðe, _wished to await
+the combat with Grendel, to undertake it_, 482; similarly, 528; wîges
+bîdan, _await the combat_, 1269; nalas andsware bîdan wolde, _would await
+no answer_, 1495; pret. bâd beadwa geþinges, _awaited the event of the
+battle_, 710; sægenga bâd âgend-freán, _the sea-goer_ (boat) _awaited its
+owner_, 1883; sele ... heaðowylma bâd, lâðan lîges (the poet probably means
+to indicate by these words that the hall Heorot was destroyed later in a
+fight by fire; an occurrence, indeed, about which we know nothing, but
+which 1165 and 1166, and again 2068 ff. seem to indicate), 82.
+
+â-bîdan, _to await_, with the gen.: inf., 978.
+
+ge-bîdan: 1) _to tarry, to wait_: imp. gebîde ge on beorge, _wait ye on the
+mountain_, 2530; pret. part. þeáh þe wintra lyt under burhlocan gebiden
+häbbe Häreðes dôhtor _although H's daughter had dwelt only a few years in
+the castle_, 1929.--2) _to live through, to experience, to expect_ (w.
+acc.): inf. sceal endedäg mînne gebîdan, _shall live my last day_, 639; ne
+wênde ... bôte gebîdan, _did not hope ... to live to see reparation_, 935;
+fela sceal gebîdan leófes and lâðes, _experience much good and much
+affliction_, 1061; ende gebîdan, 1387, 2343; pret. he þäs frôfre gebâd,
+_received consolation_ (compensation) _therefore_, 7; gebâd wintra worn,
+_lived a great number of years_, 264; in a similar construction, 816, 930,
+1619, 2259, 3117. With gen.: inf. tô gebîdanne ôðres yrfeweardes, _to await
+another heir_, 2453. With depend, clause: inf. tô gebîdanne þät his byre
+rîde on galgan, _to live to see it, that his son hang upon the gallows_,
+2446; pret. dreám-leás gebâd þät he..., _joyless he experienced it, that
+he_..., 1721; þäs þe ic on aldre gebâd þät ic..., _for this, that I, in my
+old age, lived to see that_..., 1780.
+
+on-bîdan, _to wait, to await_: pret. hordweard onbâd earfoðlîce ôð þät æfen
+cwom, _scarcely waited, could scarcely delay till it was evening_, 2303.
+
+bîtan, st. v., _to bite_, of the cutting of swords: inf. bîtan, 1455, 1524;
+pret. bât bânlocan, _bit into his body_ (Grendel), 743; bât unswîðor, _cut
+with less force_ (Beówulf's sword), 2579.
+
+blanca, w. m., properly _that which shines_ here of the horse, not so much
+of the white horse as the dappled: dat. pl. on blancum, 857.
+
+ge-bland, ge-blond, st. n., _mixture, heaving mass, a turning_.--Comp.:
+sund-, ýð-geblond, windblond.
+
+blanden-feax, blonden-feax, adj., _mixed_, i.e. having gray hair,
+_gray-headed_, as epithet of an old man: nom. sg. blondenfeax, 1792;
+blondenfexa, 2963; dat. sg. blondenfeaxum, 1874; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe,
+1595.
+
+bläc, adj., _dark, black_: nom. sg, hrefn blaca, 1802.
+
+blâc, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining_: acc. sg. blâcne leóman, _a brilliant
+gleam_, 1518.--2) of the white death-color, _pale_; in comp. heoroblâc.
+
+blæd, st. m.: 1) _strength, force, vigor_: nom. sg. wäs hira blæd scacen
+(of both tribes), _strength was gone_, i.e. the bravest of both tribes lay
+slain, 1125; nu is þînes mägnes blæd âne hwîle, _now the fulness of thy
+strength lasts for a time_, 1762.--2) _reputation, renown, knowledge_ (with
+stress upon the idea of filling up, spreading out): nom. sg. blæd, 18;
+(þîn) blæd is âræred, _thy renown is spread abroad_, 1704.
+
+blæd-âgend, pt., _having renown, renowned_: nom. pl. blæd-âgende, 1014.
+
+blæd-fäst, adj., _firm in renown, renowned, known afar_: acc. sg.
+blædfästne beorn (of Äschere, with reference to 1329), 1300.
+
+bleát, adj., _miserable, helpless_; only in comp. wäl-bleát.
+
+bleáte, adv., _miserably, helplessly_, 2825.
+
+blîcan, st. v., _shine, gleam_: inf., 222
+
+blîðe, adj.: 1) _blithe, joyous, happy_ acc. sg. blîðne, 618.--2)
+_gracious, pleasing_: nom. sg. blîðe, 436.--Comp. un-blîðe.
+
+blîð-heort, adj., _joyous in heart, happy_: nom. sg., 1803.
+
+blôd, st. n., _blood_: nom. sg., 1122; acc. sg., 743; dat. sg. blôde, 848;
+äfter deórum men him langað beorn wið blôde, _the hero_ (Hrôðgâr) _longs
+for the beloved man contrary to blood_, i.e. he loves him although he is
+not related to him by blood, 1881; dat. as instr. blôde, 486, 935, 1595,
+etc.
+
+blôd-fâg, adj., _spotted with blood, bloody_, 2061.
+
+blôdig, adj., _bloody_: acc. sg. f. blôdge, 991; acc. sg. n. blôdig, 448;
+instr. sg. blôdigan gâre, 2441.
+
+ge-blôdian, w. v., _to make bloody, to sprinkle with blood_: pret. part.
+ge-blôdegod, 2693.
+
+blôdig-tôð, adj., _with bloody teeth_: nom. sg. bona blôdig-tôð (of
+Grendel, because he bites his victims to death), 2083.
+
+blôd-reów, adj., _bloodthirsty, bloody-minded_: nom. sg. him on ferhðe
+greów breóst-hord blôd-reów, _in his bosom there grew a bloodthirsty
+feeling_, 1720.
+
+be-bod, st. n., _command, order_; in comp. wundor-bebod.
+
+bodian, w. v., _(to be a messenger), to announce, to make known_: pret.
+hrefn blaca heofones wynne blîð-heort bodode, _the black raven announced
+joyfully heaven's delight_ (the rising sun), 1803.
+
+boga, w. m., _bow_, of the bended form; here of the dragon, in comp.
+hring-boga; as an instrument for shooting, in the comp. flân-, horn-boga;
+bow of the arch, in comp. stân-boga.
+
+bolca, w. m., "forus navis" (Grein), _gangway_; here probably the planks
+which at landing are laid from the ship to the shore: acc. sg. ofer bolcan,
+231.
+
+bold, st. n., _building, house, edifice_: nom. sg. (Heorot), 998;
+(Hygelâc's residence), 1926; (Beówulfs residence), 2197, 2327.--Comp.
+fold-bold.
+
+bold-âgend, pt., _house-owner, property-holder_: gen. pl. monegum
+boldâgendra, 3113.
+
+bolgen-môd, adj., _angry at heart, angry_, 710, 1714.
+
+bolster, st. m., _bolster, cushion, pillow_: dat. pl. (reced) geond-bræded
+wearð beddum and bolstrum, _was covered with beds and bolsters_,
+1241.--Comp. hleór-bolster.
+
+bon-. See ban-.
+
+bora, w. m., _carrier, bringer, leader_: in the comp. mund-, ræd-,
+wæg-bora.
+
+bord, st. n., _shield_: nom. sg., 2674; acc. sg., 2525; gen. pl. ofer borda
+gebräc, _over the crashing of the shields_, 2260.--Comp.: hilde-, wîg-bord.
+
+bord-häbbend, pt., _one having a shield, shield-bearer_: nom. pl. häbbende,
+2896.
+
+bord-hreóða, w. m., _shield-cover, shield_ with particular reference to its
+cover (of hides or linden bark): dat. sg. -hreóðan, 2204.
+
+bord-rand, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg., 2560.
+
+bord-weall, st. m., _shield-wall, wall of shields_: acc. sg., 2981.
+
+bord-wudu, st. m., _shield-wood, shield_: acc. pl. beorhtan beord-wudu,
+1244.
+
+botm, st. m., _bottom_: dat. sg. tô botme (here of the bottom of the
+fen-lake), 1507.
+
+bôt (emendation, cf. bêtan), st. f.: 1) _relief, remedy_: nom. sg., 281;
+acc. sg. bôte, 935; acc. sg. bôte, 910.--2) _a performance in expiation, a
+giving satisfaction, tribute_: gen. sg. bôte, 158.
+
+brand, brond, st. m.: 1) _burning, fire_: nom. sg. þâ sceal brond fretan
+(_the burning of the body_), 3015; instr. sg. by hine ne môston ... bronde
+forbärnan (_could not bestow upon him the solemn burning_), 2127; häfde
+landwara lîge befangen, bæle and bronde, _with glow, fire, and flame_,
+2323.--2) in the passage, þät hine nô brond ne beadomêcas bîtan ne meahton,
+1455, brond has been translated _sword, brand_ (after the O.N. brand-r).
+The meaning _fire_ may be justified as well, if we consider that the old
+helmets were generally made of leather, and only the principal parts were
+mounted with bronze. The poet wishes here to emphasize the fact that the
+helmet was made entirely of metal, a thing which was very unusual.--3) in
+the passage, forgeaf þâ Beówulfe brand Healfdenes segen gyldenne, 1021, our
+text, with other editions, has emendated, bearn, since brand, if it be
+intended as a designation of Hrôðgâr (perhaps _son_), has not up to this
+time been found in this sense in A.-S.
+
+brant, bront, adj., _raging, foaming, going-high_, of ships and of waves:
+acc. sg. brontne, 238, 568.
+
+brâd, adj.: 1) _extended, wide_: nom. pl. brâde rîce, 2208.--2) _broad_:
+nom. sg. heáh and brâd (of Beówulf's grave-mound), 3159; acc. sg. brâdne
+mêce, 2979; (seax) brâd [and] brûnecg, _the broad, short sword with bright
+edge_, 1547.--3) _massive, in abundance_. acc, sg. brâd gold, 3106.
+
+ge-bräc, st. n., _noise, crash_: acc. sg. borda gebräc, 2260.
+
+geond-brædan, w. v., _to spread over, to cover entirely_: pret. part.
+geond-bræded, 1240.
+
+brecan, st. v.: 1) _to break, to break to pieces_: pret. bânhringas bräc,
+(the sword) _broke the joints_, 1568. In a moral sense: pret. subj. þät þær
+ænig mon wære ne bræce, _that no one should break the agreement_, 1101;
+pret. part. þonne bióð brocene ... âð-sweord eorla, _then are the oaths of
+the men broken_, 2064.--2) probably also simply _to break in upon
+something, to press upon_, w. acc.: pret. sg. sædeór monig hildetuxum
+heresyrcan bräc, _many a sea-animal pressed with his battle-teeth upon the
+shirt of mail_ (did not break it, for, according to 1549 f., 1553 f., it
+was still unharmed). 1512.--3) _to break out, to spring out_: inf. geseah
+... streám ût brecan of beorge, _saw a stream break out from the rocks_,
+2547; lêt se hearda Higelâces þegn brâdne mêce ... brecan ofer bordweal,
+_caused the broadsword to spring out over the wall of shields_, 2981.--4)
+figuratively, _to vex, not to let rest_: pret. hine fyrwyt bräc, _curiosity
+tormented_ (N.H.G. brachte die Neugier um), 232, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-brecan, _to break to pieces_: pret. bânhûs gebräc, _broke in pieces his
+body_ (Beówulf in combat with Däghrefn), 2509.
+
+tô-brecan, _to break in pieces_: inf., 781; pret. part. tô-brocen, 998.
+
+þurh-brecan, _to break through_, pret. wordes ord breósthord þurh-bräc,
+_the word's point broke through his closed breast_, i.e. a word burst out
+from his breast, 2793.
+
+brecð, st. f., _condition of being broken, breach_: nom. pl. môdes brecða
+(_sorrow of heart_), 171.
+
+â-bredwian, w. v. w. acc., _to fell to the ground, to kill_ (?): pret.
+âbredwade, 2620.
+
+bregdan, st. v., properly _to swing round_, hence: 1) _to swing_: inf.
+under sceadu bregdan, _swing among the shadows, to send into the realm of
+shadows_, 708; pret. brägd ealde lâfe, _swung the old weapon_, 796; brägd
+feorh-genîðlan, _swung his mortal enemy_ (Grendel's mother), threw her
+down, 1540; pl. git eágorstreám ... mundum brugdon, _stirred the sea with
+your hands_ (of the movement of the hands in swimming), 514; pret. part.
+broden (brogden) mæl, _the drawn sword_, 1617, 1668.--2) _to knit, to knot,
+to plait_: inf., figuratively, inwitnet ôðrum bregdan, _to weave a
+waylaying net for another_ (as we say in the same way, to lay a trap for
+another, to dig a pit for another), 2168; pret. part. beadohrägl broden, _a
+woven shirt of mail_ (because it consisted of metal rings joined together),
+552; similarly, 1549; brogdne beadusercean, 2756.
+
+â-bregdan, _to swing_: pret. hond up â-bräd, _swung, raised his hand_,
+2576.
+
+ge-bregdan: 1) _swing_: pret. hring-mæl gebrägd, _swung the ringed sword_,
+1565; eald sweord eácen ... þät ic þý wæpne gebrägd, _an old heavy sword
+that I swung as my weapon_, 1665; with interchanging instr. and acc.
+wällseaxe gebräd, biter and beadu-scearp, 2704; also, _to draw out of the
+sheath_: sweord ær gebräd, _had drawn the sword before_, 2563.--2) _to
+knit, to knot, to plait_: pret. part. bere-byrne hondum gebroden, 1444.
+
+on-bregdan, _to tear open, to throw open_: pret. onbräd þâ recedes mûðan,
+_had then thrown open the entrance of the hall_ (onbregdan is used because
+the opening door swings upon its hinges), 724.
+
+brego, st. m., _prince, ruler_: nom. sg. 427, 610.
+
+brego-rôf, adj., _powerful, like a ruler, of heroic strength_: nom. sg. m.,
+1926.
+
+brego-stôl, st. m., _throne_, figuratively for _rule_: acc. sg. him
+gesealde seofon þûsendo, bold and brego-stôl, _seven thousand_ see under
+sceat), _a country-seat, and the dignity of a prince_, 2197; þær him Hygd
+gebeád ... brego-stôl, _where H. offered him the chief power_, 2371; lêt
+þone bregostôl Beówulf healdan, _gave over to Beówulf the chief power_ (did
+not prevent Beówulf from entering upon the government), 2390.
+
+breme, adj., _known afar, renowned_. nom. sg., 18.
+
+brenting (see brant), st. m., _ship craft_: nom. pl. brentingas, 2808.
+
+â-breátan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. âbreót
+brimwîsan, _killed the sea-king_ (King Hæðcyn), 2931. See breótan.
+
+breóst, st. n.: 1) _breast_: nom. sg., 2177; often used in the pl., so acc.
+þät mîne breóst wereð, _which protects my breast_, 453; dat. pl. beadohrägl
+broden on breóstum läg. 552.--2) _the inmost thoughts, the mind, the heart,
+the bosom_: nom. sg. breóst innan weóll þeóstrum geþoncum, _his breast
+heaved with troubled thoughts_, 2332; dat. pl. lêt þâ of breóstum word ût
+faran, _caused the words to come out from his bosom_, 2551.
+
+breóst-gehygd, st. n. f., _breast-thought, secret thought_: instr. pl.
+-gehygdum, 2819.
+
+breóst-gewædu, st. n. pl., _breast-clothing, garment covering the breast_,
+of the coat of mail: nom., 1212; acc., 2163.
+
+breóst-hord, st. m., _breast-hoard, that which is locked in the breast,
+heart, mind, thought, soul_: nom. sg., 1720; acc. sg., 2793.
+
+breóst-net, st. n., _breast-net, shirt of chain-mail, coat of mail_: nom.
+sg. breóst-net broden, 1549.
+
+breóst-weorðung, st. f., _ornament that is worn upon the breast_: acc. sg.
+breóst-weorðunge, 2505: here the collar is meant which Beówulf receives
+from Wealhþeów (1196, 2174) as a present, and which B., according to 2173,
+presents to Hygd, while, according to 1203, it is in the possession of her
+husband Hygelâc. In front the collar is trimmed with ornaments (frätwe),
+which hang down upon the breast, hence the name breóst-weorðung.
+
+breóst-wylm, st. m., _heaving of the breast, emotion of the bosom_: acc.
+sg, 1878.
+
+breótan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. breát
+beódgeneátas, _killed his table-companions_ (courtiers), 1714.
+
+â-breótan, same as above: pret. þone þe heó on räste âbreát, _whom she
+killed upon his couch_, 1299; pret. part. þâ þät monige gewearð, þät hine
+seó brimwylf âbroten häfde, _many believed that the sea-wolf_ (Grendel's
+mother) _had killed him_, 1600; hî hyne ... âbroten häfdon, _had killed
+him_ (the dragon), 2708.
+
+brim, st. n., _flood, the sea_: nom. sg., 848, 1595; gen. sg. tô brimes
+faroðe, _to the sea_, 28; ät brimes nosan, _at the sea's promontory_, 2804;
+nom. pl. brimu swaðredon, _the waves subsided_, 570.
+
+brim-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff, cliff washed by the sea_: acc. pl. -clifu,
+222.
+
+brim-lâd, st. f., _flood-way, sea-way_: acc. sg. þâra þe mid Beówulfe
+brimlâde teáh, _who had travelled the sea-way with B._, 1052.
+
+brim-lîðend, pt, _sea-farer, sailor_ acc. p. -lîðende, 568.
+
+brim-streám, st. m., _sea-stream, the flood of the sea_: acc. pl. ofer
+brim-streámas, 1911.
+
+brim-wîsa, w. m., _sea-king_: acc. sg. brimwîsan, of Hæðcyn, king of the
+Geátas, 2931.
+
+brim-wylf, st. f., _sea-wolf_ (designation of Grendel's mother): nom. sg.
+seó brimwylf, 1507, 1600.
+
+brim-wylm, st. m., _sea-wave_: nom. sg., 1495.
+
+bringan, anom. v., _to bring, to bear_: prs. sg. I. ic þe þûsenda þegna
+bringe tô helpe, _bring to your assistance thousands of warriors_, 1830;
+inf. sceal hringnaca ofer heáðu bringan lâc and luftâcen, _shall bring
+gifts and love-tokens over the high sea_, 1863; similarly, 2149, 2505;
+pret. pl. we þâs sælâc ... brôhton, _brought this sea-offering_ (Grendel's
+head), 1654.
+
+ge-bringan, _to bring_: pres. subj. pl. þat we þone gebringan ... on
+âdfäre, _that we bring him upon the funeral-pile_, 3010.
+
+brosnian, w. v., _to crumble, to become rotten, to fall to pieces_: prs.
+sg. III. herepâd ... brosnað äfter beorne, _the coat of mail falls to
+pieces after_ (the death of) _the hero_, 2261.
+
+brôðor, st. m., _brother_: nom. sg., 1325, 2441; dat sg. brêðer, 1263; gen.
+sg. his brôðor bearn, 2620; dat. pl. brôðrum, 588, 1075.
+
+ge-brôðru, pl., _brethren, brothers_: dat. pl. sät be þæm gebrôðrum twæm,
+_sat by the two brothers_, 1192.
+
+brôga, w. m., _terror, horror_: nom. sg., 1292, 2325, 2566; acc. sg. billa
+brôgan, 583.--Comp.: gryre-, here-brôga.
+
+brûcan, st. v. w. gen., _to use, to make use of_: prs. sg. III. se þe longe
+her worolde brûceð, _who here long makes use of the world_, i.e. lives
+long, 1063; imp. brûc manigra mêda, _make use of many rewards, give good
+rewards_, 1179; _to enjoy_: inf. þät he beáhhordes brûcan môste, _could
+enjoy the ring-hoard_, 895; similarly, 2242, 3101; pret. breác
+lîfgesceafta, _enjoyed the appointed life, lived the appointed time_, 1954.
+With the genitive to be supplied: breác þonne môste, 1488; imp. brûc þisses
+beáges, _enjoy this ring, take this ring_, 1217. Upon this meaning depends
+the form of the wish, wel brûcan (compare the German geniesze froh!): inf.
+hêt hine wel brûcan, 1046; hêt hine brûcan well, 2813; imp. brûc ealles
+well, 2163.
+
+brûn, adj., _having a brown lustre, shining_: nom. sg. sió ecg brûn, 2579.
+
+brûn-ecg, adj., _having a gleaming blade_: acc. sg. n. (hyre seaxe) brâd
+[and] brûnecg, _her broad sword with gleaming blade_, 1547.
+
+brûn-fâg, adj., _gleaming like metal_: acc. sg. brûnfâgne helm, 2616.
+
+bryne-leóma, w. m., _light of a conflagration, gleam of fire _: nom. sg.,
+2314.
+
+bryne-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire_: dat. pl. -wylmum, 2327.
+
+brytnian (properly _to break in small pieces_, cf. breótan), w. v., _to
+bestow, to distribute_: pret. sinc brytnade, _distributed presents_, i.e.
+ruled (since the giving of gifts belongs especially to rulers), 2384.
+
+brytta, w. m., _giver, distributer_, always designating the king: nom. sg.
+sinces brytta, 608, 1171, 2072; acc. sg. beága bryttan, 35, 352, 1488;
+sinces bryttan, 1923.
+
+bryttian (_to be a dispenser_), w. v., _to distribute, to confer_: prs. sg.
+III. god manna cynne snyttru bryttað, _bestows wisdom upon the human race_,
+1727.
+
+brýd, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_: acc. sg. brýd, 2931; brýde, 2957, both
+times of the consort of Ongenþeów (?).--2) _betrothed, bride_: nom. sg., of
+Hrôðgâr's daughter, Freáware, 2032.
+
+brýd-bûr, st. n., _woman's apartment_: dat. sg. eode ... cyning of
+brýdbûre, _the king came out of the apartment of his wife_ (into which,
+according to 666, he had gone), 922.
+
+bunden-stefna, w. m., _(that which has a bound prow), the framed ship_:
+nom. sg., 1911.
+
+bune, w. f., _can_ or _cup, drinking-vessel_: nom. pl. bunan, 3048; acc.
+pl. bunan, 2776.
+
+burh, burg, st. f., _castle, city, fortified house_: acc. sg. burh, 523;
+dat. sg. byrig, 1200; dat. pl. burgum, 53, 1969, 2434.--Comp.: freó,
+freoðo-, heá-, hleó-, hord-, leód-, mæg-burg.
+
+burh-loca, w. m., _castle-bars_: dat. sg. under burh-locan, _under the
+castle-bars_, i.e. in the castle (Hygelâc's), 1929.
+
+burh-stede, st. m., _castle-place, place where the castle_ or _city
+stands_: acc. sg. burhstede, 2266.
+
+burh-wela, w. m., _riches, treasure of a castle_ or _city_: gen. sg. þenden
+he burh-welan brûcan môste, 3101.
+
+burne, w. f., _spring, fountain_: gen. þære burnan wälm, _the bubbling of
+the spring_, 2547.
+
+bûan, st. v.: 1) _to stay, to remain, to dwell_: inf. gif he weard onfunde
+bûan on beorge, _if he had found the watchman dwelling on the mountain_,
+2843.--2) _to inhabit_, w. acc.: meduseld bûan, _to inhabit the
+mead-house_, 3066.
+
+ge-bûan, w. acc., _to occupy a house, to take possession_: pret. part. heán
+hûses, hû hit Hring Dene äfter beórþege gebûn häfdon, _how the Danes, after
+their beer-carouse, had occupied it_ (had made their beds in it),
+117.--With the pres. part. bûend are the compounds ceaster-, fold-, grund-,
+lond-bûend.
+
+bûgan, st. v., _to bend, to bow, to sink; to turn, to flee_: prs. sg. III.
+bon-gâr bûgeð, _the fatal spear sinks_, i.e. its deadly point is turned
+down, it rests, 2032; inf. þät se byrnwîga bûgan sceolde, _that the armed
+hero had to sink down_ (having received a deadly blow), 2919; similarly,
+2975; pret. sg. beáh eft under eorðweall, _turned, fled again behind the
+earth-wall_, 2957; pret. pl. bugon tô bence, _turned to the bench_, 327,
+1014; hy on holt bugon, _fled to the wood_, 2599.
+
+â-bûgan, _to bend off, to curve away from_: pret. fram sylle âbeág medubenc
+monig, _from the threshold curved away many a mead-bench_, 776.
+
+be-bûgan, w. acc., _to surround, to encircle_: prs. swâ (_which_) wäter
+bebûgeð, 93; efne swâ sîde swâ sæ bebûgeð windige weallas, _as far as the
+sea encircles windy shores_, 1224.
+
+ge-bûgan, _to bend, to bow, to sink_: a) intrans.: heó on flet gebeáh,
+_sank on the floor_, 1541; þâ gebeáh cyning, _then sank the king_, 2981; þâ
+se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne (_when the drake at once coiled itself up_),
+2568; gewât þâ gebogen scrîðan tô, _advanced with curved body_ (the drake),
+2570.--b) w. acc. of the thing to which one bends or sinks: pret. selereste
+gebeáh, _sank upon the couch in the hall_, 691; similarly gebeág, 1242.
+
+bûr, st. n., _apartment, room_: dat. sg. bûre, 1311, 2456; dat. pl. bûrum,
+140.--Comp. brýd-bûr.
+
+bûtan, bûton (from be and ûtan, hence in its meaning referring to what is
+without, excluded): 1) conj. with subjunctive following, _lest_: bûtan his
+lîc swice, _lest his body escape_, 967. With ind. following, _but_: bûton
+hit wäs mâre þonne ænig mon ôðer tô beadulâce ätberan meahte, _but it_ (the
+sword) _was greater than any other man could have carried to battle_, 1561.
+After a preceding negative verb, _except_: þâra þe gumena bearn gearwe ne
+wiston bûton Fitela mid hine, _which the children of men did not know at
+all, except Fitela, who was with him_, 880; ne nom he mâðm-æhta mâ bûton
+þone hafelan, etc., _he took no more of the rich treasure than the head
+alone_, 1615.--2) prep, with dat., _except_: bûton folcscare, 73; bûton þe,
+658; ealle bûton ânum, 706.
+
+bycgan, w. v., _to buy, to pay_: inf. ne wäs þät gewrixle til þät hie on bâ
+healfa bicgan scoldon freónda feorum, _that was no good transaction, that
+they, on both sides_ (as well to Grendel as to his mother), _had to pay
+with the lives of their friends_, 1306.
+
+be-bycgan, _to sell_: pret. nu ic on mâðma hord mîne bebohte frôde
+feorhlege (_now I, for the treasure-hoard, gave up my old life_), 2800.
+
+ge-bycgan, _to buy, to acquire; to pay_: pret. w. acc. nô þær ænige ...
+frôfre gebohte, _obtained no sort of help, consolation_, 974; hit (his,
+MS.) ealdre gebohte, _paid it with his life_, 2482; pret. part. sylfes
+feore beágas [geboh]te, _bought rings with his own life_, 3015.
+
+byldan, w. v. (_to make_ beald, which see), _to excite, to encourage, to
+brave deeds_: inf. w. acc. swâ he Fresena cyn on beórsele byldan wolde (by
+distributing gifts), 1095.
+
+ge-byrd, st. n., "fatum destinatum" (Grein) (?): acc. sg. hie on gebyrd
+hruron gâre wunde, 1075.
+
+ge-byrdu, st. f., _birth_; in compound, bearn-gebyrdu.
+
+byrdu-scrûd, st. n., _shield-ornament, design upon a shield_(?): nom. sg.,
+2661.
+
+byre, st. m., (_born_) _son_: nom. sg., 2054, 2446, 2622, etc.; nom. pl.
+byre, 1189. In a broader sense, _young man, youth_: acc. pl. bædde byre
+geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+byrðen, st. f., _burden_; in comp. mägen-byrðen.
+
+byrele, st. m., _steward, waiter, cupbearer_: nom. pl. byrelas, 1162.
+
+byrgan, w. v., _to feast, to eat_: inf., 448.
+
+ge-byrgea, w. m., _protector_; in comp. leód-gebyrgea.
+
+byrht. See _beorht_.
+
+byrne, w. f., _shirt of mail, mail_: nom. sg. byrne, 405, 1630, etc.;
+hringed byrne, _ring-shirt_, consisting of interlaced rings, 1246; acc. sg.
+byrnan, 1023, etc.; sîde byrnan, _large coat of mail_, 1292; hringde
+byrnan, 2616; hâre byrnan, _gray coat of mail_ (of iron), 2154; dat. sg. on
+byrnan, 2705; gen. sg. byrnan hring, _the ring of the shirt of mail_ (i.e.
+the shirt of mail), 2261; dat. pl. byrnum, 40, 238, etc.; beorhtum byrnum,
+_with gleaming mail_, 3141.--Comp.: gûð-, here-, heaðo-, îren-,
+îsern-byrne.
+
+byrnend. See beornan.
+
+byrn-wîga, w. m., _warrior dressed in a coat of mail_: nom. sg., 2919.
+
+bysgu, bisigu, st. f., _trouble, difficulty, opposition_: nom. sg. bisigu,
+281; dat. pl. bisgum, 1744, bysigum, 2581.
+
+bysig, adj., _opposed, in need_, in the compounds lîf-bysig, syn-bysig.
+
+býme, w. f., _a wind-instrument, a trumpet, a trombone_: gen. sg. býman
+gealdor, _the sound of the trumpet_, 2944.
+
+býwan, w. v., _to ornament, to prepare_: inf. þâ þe beado-grîman býwan
+sceoldon, _who should prepare the helmets_, 2258.
+
+
+C
+
+camp, st. m., _combat, fight between two_: dat. sg. in campe (Beówulf's
+with Däghrefn; cempan, MS.), 2506.
+
+candel, st. f., _light, candle_: nom. sg. rodores candel, of the sun,
+1573.--Comp. woruld-candel.
+
+cempa, w. m., _fighter, warrior, hero_: nom. sg. äðele cempa, 1313; Geáta
+cempa, 1552; rêðe cempa, 1586; mære cempa (as voc.), 1762; gyrded cempa,
+2079; dat. sg. geongum (geongan) cempan, 1949, 2045, 2627; Hûga cempan,
+2503; acc. pl. cempan, 206.--Comp. fêðe-cempa.
+
+cennan, w. v.: 1) _to bear_, w. acc.: efne swâ hwylc mägða swâ þone magan
+cende, _who bore the son_, 944; pret. part. þäm eafera wäs äfter cenned,
+_to him was a son born_, 12.--2) reflexive, _to show one's self, to reveal
+one's self_: imp. cen þec mid cräfte, _prove yourself by your strength_,
+1220.
+
+â-cennan, _to bear_: pret. part. nô hie fäder cunnon, hwäðer him ænig wäs
+ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, _they_ (the people of the country) _do not know
+his_ (Grendel's) _father, nor whether any evil spirit has been before born
+to him_ (whether he has begotten a son), 1357.
+
+cênðu, st. f., _boldness_: acc. sg. cênðu, 2697.
+
+cêne, adj., _keen, warlike, bold_: gen. p.. cênra gehwylcum, 769. Superl.,
+acc. pl. cênoste, 206.--Comp.: dæd-, gâr-cêne.
+
+ceald, adj., _cold_: acc. pl. cealde streámas, 1262; dat. pl. cealdum
+cearsîðum, _with cold, sad journeys_, 2397. Superl. nom. sg. wedera
+cealdost, 546;--Comp. morgen-ceald.
+
+cearian, w. v., _to have care, to take care, to trouble one's self_: prs.
+sg. III. nâ ymb his lîf cearað, _takes no care for his life_, 1537.
+
+cearig, adj., _troubled, sad_: in comp. sorh-cearig.
+
+cear-sîð, st. m., _sorrowful way, an undertaking that brings sorrow_, i.e.
+a warlike expedition: dat. pl. cearsîðum (of Beówulf's expeditions against
+Eádgils), 2397.
+
+cearu, st. f., _care, sorrow, lamentation_: nom. sg., 1304; acc. sg.
+[ceare], 3173.--Comp.: ealdor-, gûð-, mæl-, môd-cearu.
+
+cear-wälm, st. m., _care-agitation, waves of sorrow in the breast_: dat.
+pl. äfter cear-wälmum, 2067.
+
+cear-wylm, st. m., same as above; nom. pl. þâ cear-wylmas, 282.
+
+ceaster-bûend, pt, _inhabitant of a fortified place, inhabitant of a
+castle_: dat. pl. ceaster-bûendum, of those established in Hrôðgâr's
+castle, 769.
+
+ceáp, st. m., _purchase, transaction_: figuratively, nom. sg. näs þät ýðe
+ceáp, _no easy transaction_, 2416; instr. sg. þeáh þe ôðer hit ealdre
+gebohte, heardan ceápe, _although the one paid it with his life, a dear
+purchase_, 2483.
+
+ge-ceápian, w. v., _to purchase_: pret. part. gold unrîme grimme geceápod,
+_gold without measure, bitterly purchased_ (with Beówulf's life), 3013.
+
+be-ceorfan, st. v., _to separate, to cut off_ (with acc. of the pers. and
+instr. of the thing): pret. hine þâ heáfde becearf, _cut off his head_,
+1591; similarly, 2139.
+
+ceorl, st. m., _man_: nom. sg. snotor ceorl monig, _many a wise man_, 909;
+dat. sg. gomelum ceorle, _the old man_ (of King Hrêðel), 2445; so, ealdum
+ceorle, of King Ongenþeów, 2973; nom. pl. snotere ceorlas, _wise men_, 202,
+416, 1592.
+
+ceól, st. m., _keel_, figuratively for the ship: nom. sg., 1913; acc. sg.
+ceól, 38, 238; gen. sg. ceóles, 1807.
+
+ceósan, st. v., _to choose_, hence, _to assume_: inf. þone cynedôm ciósan
+wolde, _would assume the royal dignity_, 2377; _to seek_: pret. subj. ær he
+bæl cure, _before he sought his funeral-pile_ (before he died), 2819.
+
+ge-ceósan, _to choose, to elect_: gerund, tô geceósenne cyning ænigne
+(sêlran), _to choose a better king_, 1852; imp. þe þät sêlre ge-ceós,
+_choose thee the better_ (of two: bealonîð and êce rædas), 1759; pret. he
+ûsic on herge geceás tô þyssum siðfate, _selected us among the soldiers for
+this undertaking_, 2639; geceás êcne ræd, _chose the everlasting gain_,
+i.e. died, 1202; similarly, godes leóht geceás, 2470; pret. part. acc. pl.
+häfde ... cempan gecorone, 206.
+
+on-cirran, w. v., _to turn, to change_: inf. ne meahte ... þäs wealdendes
+[willan] wiht on-cirran, _could not change the will of the Almighty_, 2858;
+pret. ufor oncirde, _turned higher_, 2952; þyder oncirde, _turned thither_,
+2971.
+
+â-cîgan, w. v., _to call hither_: pret. âcîgde of corðre cyninges þegnas
+syfone, _called from the retinue of the king seven men_, 3122.
+
+clam, clom, st. m., f. n.? _fetter_, figuratively of a strong gripe: dat.
+pl. heardan clammum, 964; heardum clammum, 1336; atolan clommum (horrible
+claws of the mother of Grendel), 1503.
+
+clif, cleof, st. n., _cliff, promontory_: acc. pl. Geáta clifu,
+1912.--Comp.: brim-, êg-, holm-, stân-clif.
+
+ge-cnâwan, st. v., _to know, to recognize_: inf. meaht þu, mîn wine, mêce
+gecnâwan, _mayst thou, my friend, recognize the sword_, 2048.
+
+on-cnâwan, _to recognize, to distinguish_: hordweard oncniów mannes reorde,
+_distinguished the speech of a man_, 2555.
+
+cniht, st. m., _boy, youth_: dat. pl. þyssum cnyhtum, _to these boys_
+(Hrôðgâr's sons), 1220.
+
+cniht-wesende, prs. part., _being a boy_ or _a youth_: acc. sg. ic hine
+cûðe cniht-wesende, _knew him while still a boy_, 372; nom. pl. wit þät
+gecwædon cniht-wesende, _we both as young men said that_, 535.
+
+cnyssan, w. v., _to strike, to dash against each other_: pret. pl. þonne
+... eoferas cnysedan, _when the bold warriors dashed against each other,
+stormed_ (in battle), 1329.
+
+collen-ferhð, -ferð, adj., (properly, _of swollen mind_), _of uncommon
+thoughts, in his way of thinking, standing higher than others,
+high-minded_: nom. sg. cuma collen-ferhð, of Beówulf, 1807; collen-ferð, of
+Wîglâf, 2786.
+
+corðer, st. n., _troop, division of an army, retinue_: dat. sg. þâ wäs ...
+Fin slägen, cyning on corðre, _then was Fin slain, the king in the troop_
+(of warriors), 1154; of corðre cyninges, _out of the retinue of the king_,
+3122.
+
+costian, w. v., _to try_; pret. (w. gen.) he mîn costode, _tried me_, 2085.
+
+côfa, w. m., _apartment, sleeping-room, couch_: in comp. bân-côfa.
+
+côl, adj., _cool_: compar. cearwylmas côlran wurðað, _the waves of sorrow
+become cooler_, i.e. the mind becomes quiet, 282; him wîflufan ... côlran
+weorðað, _his love for his wife cools_, 2067.
+
+cräft, st. m., _the condition of being able_, hence: 1) _physical
+strength_: nom. sg. mägða cräft, 1284; acc. sg. mägenes cräft, 418; þurh
+ânes cräft, 700; cräft and cênðu, 2697; dat. (instr.) sg. cräfte, 983,
+1220, 2182, 2361.--2) _art, craft, skill_: dat. sg. as instr. dyrnum
+cräfte, _with secret_ (magic) _art_, 2169; dyrnan cräfte, 2291; þeófes
+cräfte, _with thief's craft_, 2221; dat. pl. deófles cräftum, _by devil's
+art_ (sorcery), 2089.--3) _great quantity_ (?): acc. sg. wyrm-horda cräft,
+2223.--Comp.: leoðo-, mägen-, nearo-, wîg-cräft.
+
+cräftig, adj.: 1) _strong, stout_: nom. sg. eafoðes cräftig, 1467; nîða
+cräftig, 1963. Comp. wîg-cräftig.--2) _adroit, skilful_: in comp.
+lagu-cräftig.--3) _rich_ (of treasures); in comp. eácen-cräftig.
+
+cringan, st. v., _to fall in combat, to fall with the writhing movement of
+those mortally wounded_: pret. subj. on wäl crunge, _would sink into death,
+would fall_, 636; pret. pl. for the pluperfect, sume on wäle crungon, 1114.
+
+ge-cringan, same as above: pret. he under rande gecranc, _fell under his
+shield_, 1210; ät wîge gecrang, _fell in battle_, 1338; heó on flet
+gecrong, _fell to the ground_, 1569; in campe gecrong, _fell in single
+combat_, 2506.
+
+cuma (_he who comes_), w. m., _newcomer, guest_: nom. sg. 1807.--Comp.:
+cwealm-, wil-cuma.
+
+cuman, st. v., _to come_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu on weg cymest, _if thou
+comest from there_, 1383; III. cymeð, 2059; pres. subj. sg. III. cume, 23;
+pl. þonne we ût cymen, _when we come out_, 3107; inf. cuman, 244, 281,
+1870; pret. sg. com, 430, 569, 826, 1134, 1507, 1601, etc.; cwom, 419,
+2915; pret. subj. sg. cwôme, 732; pret. part. cumen, 376; pl. cumene, 361.
+Often with the inf. of a verb of motion, as, com gongan, 711; com sîðian,
+721; com in gân, 1645; cwom gân, 1163; com scacan, 1803; cwômon lædan, 239;
+cwômon sêcean, 268; cwôman scrîðan, 651, etc. [pret. côm, etc.]
+
+be-cuman, _to come, to approach, to arrive_: pret. syððan niht becom,
+_after the night had come_, 115; þe on þâ leóde becom, _that had come over
+the people_, 192; þâ he tô hâm becom, 2993. And with inf. following: stefn
+in becom ... hlynnan under hârne stân, 2553; lyt eft becwom ... hâmes
+niósan, 2366; ôð þät ende becwom, 1255; similarly, 2117. With acc. of
+pers.: þâ hyne sió þrag becwom, _when this time of battle came over him_,
+2884.
+
+ofer-cuman, _to overcome, to compel_: pret. þý he þone feónd ofercwom,
+_thereby he overcame the foe_, 1274: pl. hie feónd heora ... ofercômon,
+700; pret. part. (w. gen.) nîða ofercumen, _compelled by combats_, 846.
+
+cumbol, cumbor, st. m., _banner_: gen. sg. cumbles hyrde, 2506.--Comp.
+hilte-cumbor.
+
+cund, adj., _originating in, descended from_: in comp. feorran-cund.
+
+cunnan, verb pret. pres.: 1) _to know, to be acquainted with_ (w. acc. or
+depend, clause): sg. pres. I. ic mînne can glädne Hrôðulf þät he ... wile,
+_I know my gracious H., that he will_..., 1181; II. eard git ne const,
+_thou knowest not yet the land_, 1378; III. he þät wyrse ne con, _knows no
+worse_, 1740. And reflexive: con him land geare, _knows the land well_,
+2063; pl. men ne cunnon hwyder helrûnan scrîðað, _men do not know
+whither_..., 162; pret. sg. ic hine cûðe, _knew him_, 372; cûðe he duguð
+þeáw, _knew the customs of the distinguished courtiers_, 359; so with the
+acc., 2013; seolfa ne cûðe þurh hwät..., _he himself did not know through
+what_..., 3068; pl. sorge ne cûðon, 119; so with the acc., 180, 418, 1234.
+With both (acc. and depend. clause): nô hie fäder cunnon (scil. nô hie
+cunnon) hwäðer him ænig wäs ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, 1356.--2) with inf.
+following, _can, to be able_: prs. sg. him bebeorgan ne con, _cannot defend
+himself_, 1747; prs. pl. men ne cunnon secgan, _cannot say_, 50; pret. sg.
+cûðe reccan, 90; beorgan cûðe, 1446; pret. pl. hêrian ne cûðon, _could not
+praise_, 182; pret. subj. healdan cûðe, 2373.
+
+cunnian, w. v., _to inquire into, to try_, w. gen. or acc.: inf. sund
+cunnian (figurative for _roam over the sea_), 1427, 1445; geongne cempan
+higes cunnian, _to try the young warrior's mind_, 2046; pret. eard cunnode,
+_tried the home_, i.e. came to it, 1501; pl. wada cunnedon, _tried the
+flood_, i.e. swam through the sea, 508.
+
+cûð, adj.: 1) _known, well known; manifest, certain_: nom. sg. undyrne cûð,
+150, 410; wîde cûð, 2924; acc. sg. fern. cûðe folme, 1304; cûðe stræte,
+1635; nom. pl. ecge cûðe, 1146; acc. pl. cûðe nässas, 1913.--2) _renowned_:
+nom. sg. gûðum cûð, 2179; nom. pl. cystum cûðe, 868.--3) also, _friendly,
+dear, good_ (see un-cûð).--Comp.: un-, wîd-cûð.
+
+cûð-lîce, adv., _openly, publicly_: comp. nô her cûðlîcor cuman ongunnon
+lind-häbbende, _no shield-bearing men undertook more boldly to come hither_
+(the coast-watchman means by this the secret landing of the Vikings), 244.
+
+cwalu, st. f., _murder, fall_: in comp. deáð-cwalu.
+
+cweccan (_to make alive_, see cwic), w. v., _to move, to swing_: pret.
+cwehte mägen-wudu, _swung the wood of strength_ (= spear), 235.
+
+cweðan, st. v., _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: prs. sg. III. cwið ät
+beóre, _speaks at beer-drinking_, 2042.--b) w. acc.: pret. word äfter cwäð,
+315; feá worda cwäð, 2247, 2663.--c) with þät following: pret. sg. cwäð,
+92, 2159; pl. cwædon, 3182.--d) with þät omitted: pret. cwäð he gûð-cyning
+sêcean wolde, _said he would seek out the war-king_, 199; similarly, 1811,
+2940.
+
+â-cweðan, _to say, to speak_, w. acc.: prs. þät word âcwyð, _speaks the
+word_, 2047; pret. þät word âcwäð, 655.
+
+ge-cweðan, _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: pret. sg. II. swâ þu gecwæde,
+2665.--b)w. acc.: pret. wel-hwylc gecwäð, _spoke everything_, 875; pl. wit
+þät gecwædon, 535.--c) w. þät following: pret. gecwäð, 858, 988.
+
+cwellan, w. v., (_to make die_), _to kill, to murder_: pret. sg. II. þu
+Grendel cwealdest, 1335.
+
+â-cwellan, _to kill_: pret. sg. (he) wyrm âcwealde, 887; þone þe Grendel ær
+mâne âcwealde, _whom Grendel had before wickedly murdered_, 1056; beorn
+âcwealde, 2122.
+
+cwên, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_ (of noble birth): nom. sg. cwên, 62;
+(Hrôðgâr's), 614, 924; (Finn's), 1154.--2) particularly denoting the queen:
+nom. sg. beághroden cwên (Wealhþeów), 624; mæru cwên, 2017; fremu folces
+cwên (Þryðo), 1933; acc. sg. cwên (Wealhþeów), 666.-Comp. folc-cwên.
+
+cwên-lîc, adj., _feminine, womanly_: nom. sg. ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw
+(_such is not the custom of women, does not become a woman_), 1941.
+
+cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder, destruction_: acc. sg. þone cwealm
+gewräc, _avenged the death_ (of Abel by Cain), 107; mændon mondryhtnes
+cwealm, _lamented the ruler's fall_, 3150.--Comp.: bealo-, deáð-,
+gâr-cwealm.
+
+cwealm-bealu, st. n., _the evil of murder_: acc. sg., 1941.
+
+cwealm-cuma, w. m., _one coming for murder, a new-comer who contemplates
+murder_: acc. sg. þone cwealm-cuman (of Grendel), 793.
+
+cwic and cwico, adj., _quick, having life, alive_: acc. sg. cwicne, 793,
+2786; gen. sg. âht cwices, _something living_, 2315; nom. pl. cwice, 98;
+cwico wäs þâ gena, _was still alive_, 3094.
+
+cwide, st. m., _word, speech, saying_: in comp. gegn-, gilp-, hleó-, ðor-
+[non-existant form--KTH], word-cwide.
+
+cwîðan, st. v., _to complain, to lament_: inf. w. acc. ongan ... gioguðe
+cwîðan hilde-strengo, _began to lament the_ (departed) _battle-strength of
+his youth_, 2113 [ceare] cwîðan, _lament their cares_, 3173.
+
+cyme, st. m., _coming, arrival_: nom. pl. hwanan eówre cyme syndon, _whence
+your coming is_, i. e. whence ye are, 257.--Comp. eft-cyme.
+
+cymlîce, adv., (convenienter), _splendidly, grandly_: comp. cymlîcor, 38.
+
+cyn, st. n., _race_, both in the general sense, and denoting noble lineage:
+nom. sg. Fresena cyn, 1094; Wedera (gara, MS.) cyn, 461; acc. sg. eotena
+cyn, 421; giganta cyn, 1691; dat. sg. Caines cynne, 107; manna cynne, 811,
+915, 1726; eówrum (of those who desert Beówulf in battle) cynne, 2886; gen.
+sg. manna (gumena) cynnes, 702, etc.; mæran cynnes, 1730; lâðan cynnes,
+2009, 2355; ûsses cynnes Wægmundinga, 2814; gen. pl. cynna gehwylcum,
+98.--Comp.: eormen-, feorh-, frum-, gum-, man-, wyrm-cyn.
+
+cyn, st. n., _that which is suitable or proper_: gen. pl. cynna (of
+etiquette) gemyndig, 614.
+
+ge-cynde, adj., _innate, peculiar, natural_: nom. sg., 2198, 2697.
+
+cyne-dôm, st. m., _kingdom, royal dignity_: acc. sg., 2377.
+
+cyning, st. m., _king_: nom. acc. sg. cyning, II, 864, 921, etc.; kyning,
+620, 3173; dat. sg. cyninge, 3094; gen. sg. cyninges, 868, 1211; gen. pl.
+kyning[a] wuldor, of God, 666.--Comp. beorn-, eorð-, folc-, guð-, heáh-,
+leód-, sæ-, sôð-, þeód-, worold-, wuldor-cyning.
+
+cyning-beald, adj., "_nobly bold_" (Thorpe), _excellently brave_ (?): nom.
+pl. cyning-balde men, 1635.
+
+ge-cyssan, w. v., _to kiss_: pret. gecyste þâ cyning ... þegen betstan,
+_kissed the best thane_ (Beówulf), 1871.
+
+cyst (_choosing_, see ceósan), st. f., _the select, the best of a thing,
+good quality, excellence_: nom. sg. îrenna cyst, _of the swords_, 803,
+1698; wæpna cyst, 1560; symbla cyst, _choice banquet_, 1233; acc. sg. îrena
+cyst, 674; dat. pl. foldwegas ... cystum cûðe, _known through excellent
+qualities_, 868; (cyning) cystum gecýðed, 924.--Comp. gum-, hilde-cyst.
+
+cýð. See on-cýð.
+
+cýðan (see cûð), w. v., _to make known, to manifest, to show_: imp. sg.
+mägen-ellen cýð, _show thy heroic strength_, 660; inf. cwealmbealu cýðan,
+1941; ellen cýðan, 2696.
+
+ge-cýðan (_to make known_, hence): 1) _to give information, to announce_:
+inf. andsware gecýðan, _to give answer_, 354; gerund, tô gecýðanne hwanan
+eówre cyme syndon (_to show whence ye come_), 257; pret. part. sôð is
+gecýðed þät ... (_the truth has become known_, it has shown itself to be
+true), 701; Higelâce wäs sîð Beówulfes snûde gecýðed, _the arrival of B.
+was quickly announced_, 1972; similarly, 2325.--2) _to make celebrated_, in
+pret. part.: wäs mîn fäder folcum gecýðed (_my father was known to
+warriors_), 262; wäs his môdsefa manegum gecýðed, 349; cystum gecýðed, 924.
+
+cýððu (properly, _condition of being known_, hence _relationship_), st. f.,
+_home, country, land_: in comp. feor-cýððu. [should be cýð, feor-cýð--KTH]
+
+ge-cýpan, w. v., _to purchase_: inf. näs him ænig þearf þät he ... þurfe
+wyrsan wîgfrecan weorðe gecýpan, _had need to buy with treasures no
+inferior warrior_, 2497.
+
+
+D
+
+daroð, st. m., _spear_: dat. pl. dareðum lâcan (_to fight_), 2849.
+
+ge-dâl, st. n., _parting, separation_: nom. sg. his worulde gedâl, _his
+separation from the world_ (his death), 3069.--Comp. ealdor-, lîf-gedâl.
+
+däg, st. m., _day_: nom. sg. däg, 485, 732, 2647; acc. sg. däg, 2400;
+andlangne däg, _the whole day_, 2116; morgenlongne däg (_the whole
+morning_), 2895; ôð dômes däg, _till judgment-day_, 3070; dat. sg. on þäm
+däge þysses lîfes (eo tempore, tunc), 197, 791, 807; gen. sg. däges, 1601,
+2321; hwîl däges, _a day's time, a whole day_, 1496; däges and nihtes, _day
+and night_, 2270; däges, _by day_, 1936; dat. pl. on tyn dagum, _in ten
+days_, 3161.--Comp. ær-, deáð-, ende-, ealdor-, fyrn-, geâr-, læn-, lîf-,
+swylt-, win-däg, an-däges.
+
+däg-hwîl, st. f., _day-time_: acc. pl. þät he däghwîla gedrogen häfde
+eorðan wynne, _that he had enjoyed earth's pleasures during the days_
+(appointed to him), i.e. that his life was finished, 2727.--(After Grein.)
+
+däg-rîm, st. n., _series of days, fixed number of days_: nom. sg. dôgera
+dägrîm (_number of the days of his life_), 824.
+
+dæd, st. f., _deed, action_: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, 585; dômleásan dæd,
+2891; frêcne dæde, 890; dæd, 941; acc. pl. Grendles dæda, 195; gen. pl.
+dæda, 181, 479, 2455, etc.; dat. pl. dædum, 1228, 2437, etc.--Comp. ellen-,
+fyren-, lof-dæd.
+
+dæd-cêne, adj., _bold in deed_: nom. sg. dæd-cêne mon, 1646.
+
+dæd-fruma, w. m., _doer of deeds, doer_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 2091.
+
+dæd-bata, w. m., _he who pursues with his deeds_: nom. sg., of Grendel,
+275.
+
+dædla, w. m., _doer_: in comp. mân-for-dædla.
+
+dæl, st. m., _part, portion_: acc. sg. dæl, 622, 2246, 3128; acc. pl.
+dælas, 1733.--Often dæl designates the portion of a thing or of a quality
+which belongs in general to an individual, as, ôð þät him on innan
+oferhygda dæl weaxeð, _till in his bosom his portion of arrogance
+increases_: i.e. whatever arrogance he has, his arrogance, 1741. Biówulfe
+wearð dryhtmâðma dæl deáðe, forgolden, _to Beówulf his part of the splendid
+treasures was paid with death_, i.e. whatever splendid treasures were
+allotted to him, whatever part of them he could win in the fight with the
+dragon, 2844; similarly, 1151, 1753, 2029, 2069, 3128.
+
+dælan, w. v., _to divide, to bestow, to share with_, w. acc.: pres. sg.
+III. mâdmas dæleð, 1757; pres. subj. þät he wið aglæcean eofoðo dæle, _that
+he bestow his strength upon_ (strive with) _the bringer of misery_ the
+drake), 2535; inf. hringas dælan, 1971; pret. beágas dælde, 80; sceattas
+dælde, 1687.
+
+be-dælan, w. instr., _(to divide), to tear away from, to strip of_: pret.
+part. dreámum (dreáme) bedæled, _deprived of the heavenly joys_ (of
+Grendel), 722, 1276.
+
+ge-dælan: 1) _to distribute_: inf. (w. acc. _of the thing distributed_);
+bær on innan eall gedælan geongum and ealdum swylc him god sealde,
+_distribute therein to young and old all that God had given him_, 71.--2)
+_to divide, to separate_, with acc.: inf. sundur gedælan lîf wið lîce,
+_separate life from the body_, 2423; so pret. subj. þät he gedælde ... ânra
+gehwylces lîf wið lîce, 732.
+
+denn (cf. denu, dene, vallis), st. n., _den, cave_: acc. sg. þäs wyrmes
+denn, 2761; gen. sg. (draca) gewât dennes niósian, 3046.
+
+ge-defe, adj.: 1) (impersonal) _proper, appropriate_: nom. sg. swâ hit
+gedêfe wäs (bið), _as was appropriate, proper_, 561, 1671, 3176.--2) _good,
+kind, friendly_; nom sg. beó þu suna mînum dædum gedêfe, _be friendly to my
+son by deeds_ (support my son in deed, namely, when he shall have attained
+to the government), 1228.--Comp. un-ge-dêfelîce.
+
+dêman (see dôm), w. v.: 1) _to judge, to award justly_: pres. subj. mærðo
+dême, 688.--2) _to judge favorably, to praise, to glorify_: pret. pl. his
+ellenweorc duguðum dêmdon, _praised his heroic deed with all their might_,
+3176.
+
+dêmend, _judge_: dæda dêmend (of God), 181.
+
+deal, adj., "superbus, clarus, fretus" (Grimm): nom. pl. þryðum dealle,
+494.
+
+deád, adj., _dead_: nom. sg. 467, 1324, 2373; acc. sg. deádne, 1310.
+
+deáð, st. m., _death, dying_: nom. sg, deáð, 441, 447, etc.; acc. sg. deáð,
+2169; dat. sg. deáðe, 1389, 1590, (as instr.) 2844, 3046; gen. sg. deáðes
+wylm, 2270; deáðes nýd, 2455.--Comp. gûð-, wäl-, wundor-deáð.
+
+deáð-bed, st. n., _death-bed_: dat. sg. deáð-bedde fäst, 2902.
+
+deáð-cwalu, st. f., _violent death_, _ruin and death_: dat. pl. tô
+deáð-cwalum, 1713.
+
+deáð-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder_: nom. sg. 1671.
+
+deáð-däg, st. m., _death-day, dying day_: dat. sg. äfter deáð-däge (_after
+his death_), 187, 886.
+
+deáð-fæge, adj., _given over to death_: nom. sg. (Grendel) deáð-fæge deóg,
+_had hidden himself, being given over to death_ (mortally wounded), 851.
+
+deáð-scûa, w. m., _death-shadow, ghostly being, demon of death_: nom. sg.
+deorc deáð-scûa (of Grendel), 160.
+
+deáð-wêrig, adj., _weakened by death_, i.e. dead: acc. sg. deáð-wêrigne,
+2126. See wêrig.
+
+deáð-wîc, st. n. _death's house, home of death_: acc. sg. gewât deáðwîc
+seón (_had died_), 1276.
+
+deágan (O.H.G. pret. part. tougan, _hidden_), _to conceal one's self, to
+hide_: pret. (for pluperf.) deóg, 851.--Leo.
+
+deorc, adj., _dark_: of the night, nom. sg. (nihthelm) deorc, 1791; dat.
+pl. deorcum nihtum, 275, 2212; of the terrible Grendel, nom. sg. deorc
+deáð-scûa, 160.
+
+deófol, st. m. n., _devil_: gen. sg. deófles, 2089; gen. pl. deófla, of
+Grendel and his troop, 757, 1681.
+
+deógol, dýgol, adj., _concealed, hidden, inaccessible, beyond information,
+unknown_: nom. sg. deógol dædhata (of Grendel), 275; acc. sg. dýgel lond,
+_inaccessible land_, 1358.
+
+deóp, st. n., _deep, abyss_: acc. sg., 2550.
+
+deóp, adv. _deeply_: acc. sg. deóp wäter, 509, 1905.
+
+diópe, adj., _deep_: hit ôð dômes däg diópe benemdon þeódnas mære, _the
+illustrious rulers had charmed it deeply till the judgment-day, had laid a
+solemn spell upon it_, 3070.
+
+deór, st. n., _animal, wild animal_: in comp. mere-, sæ-deór.
+
+deór, adj.: 1) _wild, terrible_: nom. sg. diór dæd-fruma (of Grendel),
+2091.--2) _bold, brave_: nom. nænig ... deór, 1934.--Comp.: heaðu-,
+hilde-deór.
+
+deóre, dýre, adj.: 1) _dear, costly_ (high in price): acc. sg. dýre îren,
+2051; drincfät dýre (deóre), 2307, 2255; instr. sg. deóran sweorde, 561;
+dat. sg. deórum mâðme, 1529; nom. pl. dýre swyrd, 3049; acc. pl. deóre
+(dýre) mâðmas, 2237, 3132.--2) _dear, beloved, worthy_: nom. sg. f., äðelum
+dióre, _worthy by reason of origin_, 1950; dat. sg. äfter deórum men, 1880;
+gen. sg. deórre duguðe, 488; superl. acc. sg. aldorþegn þone deórestan,
+1310.
+
+deór-lîc, adj., _bold, brave_: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, 585. See deór.
+
+disc, st. m., _disc, plate, flat dish_: nom. acc. pl. discas, 2776, 3049.
+
+ge-dîgan. See ge-dýgan.
+
+dol-gilp, st. m., _mad boast, foolish pride, vain-glory, thoughtless
+audacity_: dat. sg. for dolgilpe, 509.
+
+dol-lîc, adj., _audacious_: gen. pl. mæst ... dæda dollîcra, 2647.
+
+dol-sceaða, w. m., _bold enemy_: acc. sg. þone dol-scaðan (Grendel), 479.
+
+dôgor, st. m. n., _day_; 1) day as a period of 24 hours: gen. sg. ymb ântîd
+ôðres dôgores, _at the same time of the next day_, 219; morgen-leóht ôðres
+dôgores, _the morning-light of the second day_, 606.--2) day in the usual
+sense: acc. sg. n. þys dôgor, _during this day_, 1396; instr. þý dôgore,
+1798; forman dôgore, 2574; gen. pl. dôgora gehwâm, 88; dôgra gehwylce,
+1091; dôgera dägrim, _the number of his days_ (the days of his life),
+824.--3) _day_ in the wider sense of time: dat. pl. ufaran dôgrum, _in
+later days, times_, 2201, 2393.--Comp. ende-dôgor.
+
+dôgor-gerîm, st. n., _series of days_: gen. sg. wäs eall sceacen
+dôgor-gerîmes, _the whole number of his days_ (his life) _was past_, 2729.
+
+dôhtor, st. f., _daughter_: nom. acc. sg. dôhtor, 375, 1077, 1930, 1982,
+etc.
+
+dôm, st. m.: I., _condition, state in general_; in comp. cyne-,
+wis-dôm.--II., having reference to justice, hence: 1) _judgment, judicial
+opinion_: instr. sg. weotena dôme, _according to the judgment of the
+Witan_, 1099. 2) _custom_: äfter dôme, _according to custom_, 1721. 3)
+_court, tribunal_: gen. sg. miclan dômes, 979; ôð dômes däg, 3070, both
+times of the last judgment.--III., _condition of freedom_ or _superiority_,
+hence: 4) _choice, free will_: acc. sg. on sînne sylfes dôm, _according to
+his own choice_, 2148; instr. sg. selfes dôme, 896, 2777. 5) _might,
+power_: nom. sg. dôm godes, 2859; acc. sg. Eofores ânne dôm, 2965; dat. sg.
+drihtnes dôme, 441. 6) _glory, honor, renown_: nom. sg. [dôm], 955; dôm
+unlytel, _not a little glory_, 886; þät wäs forma sîð deórum mâðme þät his
+dôm âläg, _it was the first time to the dear treasure_ (the sword Hrunting)
+_that its fame was not made good_, 1529; acc. sg. ic me dôm gewyrce, _make
+renown for myself_, 1492; þät þu ne âlæte dôm gedreósan, _that thou let not
+honor fall_, 2667; dat. instr. sg. þær he dôme forleás, _here he lost his
+reputation_, 1471; dôme gewurðad, _adorned with glory_, 1646; gen. sg.
+wyrce se þe môte dômes, _let him make himself reputation, whoever is able_,
+1389. 7) _splendor_ (in heaven): acc. sôð-fästra dôm, _the glory of the
+saints_, 2821.
+
+dôm-leás, adj., _without reputation, inglorious_: acc. sg. f. dômleásan
+dæd, 2891.
+
+dôn, red. v., _to do, to make, to treat_: 1) absolutely: imp. dôð swâ ic
+bidde, _do as I beg_, 1232.--2) w. acc.: inf. hêt hire selfre sunu on bæl
+dôn, 1117; pret. þâ he him of dyde îsernbyrnan, _took off the iron
+corselet_, 672; (þonne) him Hûnlâfing, ... billa sêlest, on bearm dyde,
+_when he made a present to him of Hûnlâfing, the best of swords_, 1145;
+dyde him of healse hring gyldenne, _took off the gold ring from his neck_,
+2810; ne him þäs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde, eafoð and ellen, _nor did he
+reckon as anything the drake's fighting, power, and strength_, 2349; pl. hi
+on beorg dydon bêg and siglu, _placed in the (grave-) mound rings and
+ornaments_, 3165.--3) representing preceding verbs: inf. tô Geátum sprec
+mildum wordum! swâ sceal man dôn, _as one should do_, 1173; similarly,
+1535, 2167; pres. metod eallum weóld, swâ he nu git dêð, _the creator ruled
+over all, as he still does_, 1059; similarly, 2471, 2860, and (sg. for pl.)
+1135; pret. II. swâ þu ær dydest, 1677; III. swâ he nu gyt dyde, 957;
+similarly, 1382, 1892, 2522; pl. swâ hie oft ær dydon, 1239; similarly,
+3071. With the case also which the preceding verb governs: wên' ic þät he
+wille ... Geátena leóde etan unforhte, swâ he oft dyde mägen Hrêðmanna, _I
+believe he will wish to devour the Geát people, the fearless, as he often
+did_ (devoured) _the bloom of the Hrêðmen_, 444; gif ic þät gefricge ...
+þät þec ymbesittend egesan þýwað, swâ þec hetende hwîlum dydon, _that the
+neighbors distress thee as once the enemy did thee_ (i.e. distressed),
+1829; gif ic ôwihte mäg þînre môd-lufan mâran tilian þonne ic gyt dyde, _if
+I can with anything obtain thy greater love than I have yet done_, 1825;
+similarly, pl. þonne þâ dydon, 44.
+
+ge-dôn, _to do, to make_, with the acc. and predicate adj.: prs. (god)
+gedêð him swâ gewealdene worolde dælas, _makes the parts of the world_
+(i.e. the whole world) _so subject that ..._, 1733; inf. ne hyne on
+medo-bence micles wyrðne drihten wereda gedôn wolde, _nor would the leader
+of the people much honor him at the mead-banquet_, 2187. With adv.: he mec
+þær on innan ... gedôn wolde, _wished to place me in there_, 2091.
+
+draca, w. m., _drake, dragon_: nom. sg., 893, 2212; acc. sg. dracan, 2403,
+3132; gen. sg., 2089, 2291, 2550.--Comp.: eorð-, fýr-, lêg-, lîg-,
+nîð-draca.
+
+on-drædan, st. v., w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the pers., _to fear, to
+be afraid of_: inf. þät þu him on-drædan ne þearft ... aldorbealu, _needest
+not fear death for them_, 1675; pret. nô he him þâ säcce ondrêd, _was not
+afraid of the combat_, 2348.
+
+ge-dräg (from dragan, in the sense se gerere), st. n., _demeanor, actions_:
+acc. sg. sêcan deófla gedräg, 757.
+
+drepan, st. v., _to hit, to strike_: pret. sg. sweorde drep ferhð-genîðlan,
+2881; pret. part. bið on hreðre ... drepen biteran stræle, _struck in the
+breast with piercing arrow_, 1746; wäs in feorh dropen (_fatally hit_),
+2982.
+
+drepe, st. m., _blow, stroke_: acc. sg. drepe, 1590.
+
+drêfan, ge-drêfan, w. v., _to move, to agitate, to stir up_: inf. gewât ...
+drêfan deóp wäter (_to navigate_), 1905; pret. part. wäter under stôd
+dreórig and gedrêfed, 1418.
+
+dreám, st. m., _rejoicing, joyous actions, joy_: nom. sg. häleða dreám,
+497; acc. sg. dreám hlûdne, 88; þu ... dreám healdende, _thou who livest in
+rejoicing_ (at the drinking-carouse), _who art joyous_, 1228: dat. instr.
+sg. dreáme bedæled, 1276; gen. pl. dreáma leás, 851; dat. pl. dreámum (here
+adverbial) lifdon, _lived in rejoicing, joyously_, 99; dreámum bedæled,
+722; the last may refer also to heavenly joys.--Comp. gleó-, gum-, man-,
+sele-dreám.
+
+dreám-leás, adj., _without rejoicing, joyless_: nom. sg. of King Heremôd,
+1721.
+
+dreógan, st. v.: 1) _to lead a life, to be in a certain condition_: pret.
+dreáh äfter dôme, _lived in honor, honorably_, 2180; pret. pl. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, þät hie ær drugon aldorleáse lange hwile, _(God) had seen the great
+distress, (had seen) that they had lived long without a ruler_ (?), 15.--2)
+_to experience, to live through, to do, to make, to enjoy_: imp. dreóh
+symbelwynne, _pass through the pleasure of the meal, to enjoy the meal_,
+1783; inf. driht-scype dreógan (_do a heroic deed_), 1471; pret. sundnytte
+dreáh (_had the occupation of swimming_, i.e. swam through the sea), 2361;
+pret. pl. hie gewin drugon (_fought_), 799; hî sîð drugon, _made the way,
+went_, 1967.--3) _to experience, to bear, to suffer_: scealt werhðo
+dreógan, _shall suffer damnation_, 590; pret. þegn-sorge dreáh, _bore
+sorrow for his heroes_, 131; nearoþearfe dreáh, 422; pret. pl. inwidsorge
+þe hie ær drugon, 832; similarly, 1859.
+
+â-dreógan, _to suffer, to endure_: inf. wræc âdreógan, 3079.
+
+ge-dreógan, _to live through, to enjoy_, pret. part. þät he ... gedrogen
+häfde eorðan wynne, _that he had now enjoyed the pleasures of earth_ (i.e.
+that he was at his death), 2727.
+
+dreór, st. m., _blood dropping or flowing from wounds_: instr. sg. dreóre,
+447.--Comp. heoru-, sâwul-, wäl-dreór.
+
+dreór-fâh, adj., _colored with blood, spotted with blood_: nom. sg. 485.
+
+dreórig, adj., _bloody, bleeding_: nom. sg. wäter stôd dreórig, 1418; acc.
+sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, 2790.--Comp. heoru-dreórig.
+
+ge-dreósan, st. v., _to fall down, to sink_: pres. sg. III. lîc-homa læne
+gedreóseð, _the body, belonging to death, sinks down_, 1755; inf. þät þu ne
+âlæte dôm gedreósan, _honor fall, sink_, 2667.
+
+drincan, st. v., _to drink_ (with and without the acc.): pres. part. nom.
+pl. ealo drincende, 1946; pret. blôd êdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743; pret. pl. druncon wîn weras, _the men drank wine_, 1234;
+þær guman druncon, _where the men drank_, 1649. The pret. part., when it
+stands absolutely, has an active sense: nom. pl. druncne dryhtguman, _ye
+warriors who have drunk, are drinking_, 1232; acc. pl. nealles druncne slôg
+heorð-geneátas, _slew not his hearth-companions who had drunk with him_,
+i.e. at the banquet, 2180. With the instr. it means _drunken_: nom. sg.
+beóre (wîne) druncen, 531, 1468; nom. pl. beóre druncne, 480.
+
+drîfan, st. v., _to drive_: pres. pl. þâ þe brentingas ofer flôda genipu
+feorran drîfað, _who drive their ships thither from afar over the darkness
+of the sea_, 2809; inf. (w. acc.) þeáh þe he [ne] meahte on mere drîfan
+hringedstefnan, _although he could not drive the ship on the sea_, 1131.
+
+to-drîfan, _to drive apart, to disperse_: pret. ôð þät unc flôd tôdrâf,
+545.
+
+drohtoð, st. m., _mode of living_ or _acting, calling, employment_: nom.
+sg. ne wäs his drohtoð þær swylce he ær gemêtte, _there was no employment
+for him_ (Grendel) _there such as he had found formerly_, 757.
+
+drusian, w. v. (cf. dreósan, properly, _to be ready to fall_; here of
+water), _to stagnate, to be putrid_. pret. lagu drusade (through the blood
+of Grendel and his mother), 1631.
+
+dryht, driht, st. f., _company, troop, band of warriors; noble band_: in
+comp. mago-driht.
+
+ge-dryht, ge-driht, st. f., _troop, band of noble warriors_: nom. sg. mînra
+eorla gedryht, 431; acc. sg. äðelinga gedriht, 118; mid his eorla (häleða)
+gedriht (gedryht), 357, 663; similarly, 634, 1673.--Comp. sibbe-gedriht.
+
+dryht-bearn, st. n., _youth from a noble warrior band, noble young man_:
+nom. sg. dryhtbearn Dena, 2036.
+
+dryhten, drihten, st. m., _commander, lord_: a) _temporal lord_: nom. sg.
+dryhten, 1485, 2001, etc.; drihten, 1051; dat. dryhtne, 2483, etc.;
+dryhten, 1832.--b) _God_: nom. drihten, 108, etc.; dryhten, 687, etc.; dat.
+sg. dryhtne, 1693, etc.; drihtne, 1399, etc.; gen. sg. dryhtnes, 441;
+drihtnes, 941.--Comp.: freá-, freó-, gum-, man-, sige-, wine-dryhten.
+
+dryht-guma, w. m., _one of a troop of warriors, noble warrior_: dat. sg.
+drihtguman, 1389; nom. pl. drihtguman, 99; dryhtguman, 1232; dat. pl. ofer
+dryhtgumum, 1791 (of Hrôðgâr's warriors).
+
+dryht-lîc, adj., _(that which befits a noble troop of warriors), noble,
+excellent_: dryhtlîc îren, _excellent sword_, 893; acc. sg. f. (with an
+acc. sg. n.) drihtlîce wîf (of Hildeburh), 1159.
+
+dryht-mâðum, st. m., _excellent jewel, splendid treasure_: gen. pl.
+dryhtmâðma, 2844.
+
+dryht-scipe, st. m., _(lord-ship) warlike virtue, bravery; heroic deed_:
+acc. sg. drihtscype dreógan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1471.
+
+dryht-sele, st. m., _excellent, splendid hall_: nom. sg. driht-sele, 485;
+dryhtsele, 768; acc. sg. dryhtsele, 2321.
+
+dryht-sib, st. f., _peace_ or _friendship between troops of noble
+warriors_: gen. sg. dryhtsibbe, 2069.
+
+drync, st. m., _drink_: in comp. heoru-drync.
+
+drync-fät, st. n., _vessel for drink, to receive the drink_: acc. sg.,
+2255; drinc-fät, 2307.
+
+drysmian, w. v., _to become obscure, gloomy_ (through the falling rain):
+pres. sg. III. lyft drysmað, 1376.
+
+drysne, adj. See on-drysne.
+
+dugan, v., _to avail, to be capable, to be good_: pres. sg. III. hûru se
+aldor deáh, _especially is the prince capable_, 369; ðonne his ellen deáh,
+_if his strength avails, is good_, 573; þe him selfa deáh, _who is capable
+of himself, who can rely on himself_, 1840; pres. subj. þeáh þîn wit duge,
+_though, indeed, your understanding be good, avail_, 590; similarly, 1661,
+2032; pret. sg. þu ûs wel dohtest, _you did us good, conducted yourself
+well towards us_, 1822; similarly, nu seó hand ligeð se þe eów welhwylcra
+wilna dohte, _which was helpful to each one of your desires_, 1345; pret.
+subj. þeáh þu heaðoræsa gehwær dohte, _though thou wast everywhere strong
+in battle_, 526.
+
+duguð (_state of being fit, capable_), st. f.: 1) _capability, strength_:
+dat. pl. for dugeðum, _in ability_(?), 2502; duguðum dêmdon, _praised with
+all their might_(?), 3176.--2) _men capable of bearing arms, band of
+warriors_, esp., _noble warriors_: nom. sg. duguð unlytel, 498; duguð,
+1791, 2255; dat. sg. for duguðe, _before the heroes_, 2021; nalles frätwe
+geaf ealdor duguðe, _gave the band of heroes no treasure_ (more), 2921;
+leóda duguðe on lâst, _upon the track of the heroes of the people_, i.e.
+after them, 2946; gen. sg. cûðe he duguðe þeáw, _the custom of the noble
+warriors_, 359; deórre duguðe, 488; similarly, 2239, 2659; acc. pl. duguða,
+2036.--3) contrasted with geogoð, duguð designates the noted warriors of
+noble birth (as in the Middle Ages, knights in contrast with squires): so
+gen. sg. duguðe and geogoðe, 160; gehwylc ... duguðe and iogoðe, 1675;
+duguðe and geogoðe dæl æghwylcne, 622.
+
+durran, v. pret. and pres. _to dare_; prs. sg. II. þu dearst bîdan, _darest
+to await_, 527; III. he gesêcean dear, 685; pres. subj. sêc gyf þu dyrre,
+_seek_ (Grendel's mother), _if thou dare_, 1380; pret. dorste, 1463, 1469,
+etc.; pl. dorston, 2849.
+
+duru, st. f., _door, gate, wicket_: nom. sg., 722; acc. sg. [duru], 389.
+
+ge-dûfan, st. v., _to dip in, to sink into_: pret. þät sweord gedeáf (_the
+sword sank into the drake_, of a blow), 2701.
+
+þurh-dûfan, _to dive through; to swim through, diving_: pret. wäter up
+þurh-deáf, _swam through the water upwards_ (because he was before at the
+bottom), 1620.
+
+dwellan, w. v., _to mislead, to hinder_: prs. III. nô hine wiht dweleð, âdl
+ne yldo, _him nothing misleads, neither sickness nor age_, 1736.
+
+dyhtig, adj., _useful, good for_: nom. sg. n. sweord ... ecgum dyhtig,
+1288.
+
+dynnan, w. v., _to sound, to groan, to roar_: pret. dryhtsele (healwudu,
+hruse) dynede, 768, 1318, 2559.
+
+dyrne, adj.: 1) _concealed, secret, retired_: nom. sg. dyrne, 271; acc. sg.
+dryhtsele dyrnne (of the drake's cave-hall), 2321.--2) _secret, malicious,
+hidden by sorcery_: dat. instr. sg. dyrnan cräfte, _with secret magic art_,
+2291; dyrnum cräfte, 2169; gen. pl. dyrnra gâsta, _of malicious spirits_
+(of Grendel's kin), 1358.--Comp. un-dyrne.
+
+dyrne, adv., _in secret, secretly_: him ...äfter deórum men dyrne langað,
+_longs in secret for the dear man_, 1880.
+
+dyrstig, adj., _bold, daring_: þeáh þe he dæda gehwäs dyrstig wære,
+_although he had been courageous for every deed_, 2839.
+
+ge-dýgan, ge-dîgan, w. v., _to endure, to overcome_, with the acc. of the
+thing endured: pres. sg. II. gif þu þät ellenweorc aldre gedîgest, _if thou
+survivest the heroic work with thy life_, 662; III. þät þone hilderæs hâl
+gedîgeð, _that he survives the battle in safety_, 300; similarly, inf.
+unfæge gedîgan weán and wräcsîð, 2293; hwäðer sêl mæge wunde gedýgan,
+_which of the two can stand the wounds better_ (come off with life), 2532;
+ne meahte unbyrnende deóp gedýgan, _could not endure the deep without
+burning_ (could not hold out in the deep), 2550; pret. sg. I. III.
+ge-dîgde, 578, 1656, 2351, 2544.
+
+dýgol. See deógol.
+
+dýre. See deóre.
+
+
+E
+
+ecg, st. f., _edge of the sword, point_: nom. sg. sweordes ecg, 1107; ecg,
+1525, etc.; acc. sg. wið ord and wið ecge ingang forstôd, _defended the
+entrance against point and edge_ (i.e. against spear and sword), 1550;
+mêces ecge, 1813; nom. pl. ecge, 1146.--_Sword, battle-axe, any cutting
+weapon_: nom. sg. ne wäs ecg bona (_not the sword killed him_), 2507; sió
+ecg brûn (Beówulf's sword Nägling), 2578; hyne ecg fornam, _the sword
+snatched him away_, 2773, etc.; nom. pl. ecga, 2829; dat. pl. äscum and
+ecgum, 1773; dat. pl. (but denoting only one sword) eácnum ecgum, 2141;
+gen. pl. ecga, 483, 806, 1169;--_blade_: ecg wäs îren, 1460.--Comp.: brûn-,
+heard-, stýl-ecg, adj.
+
+ecg-bana, w. m., _murderer by the sword_: dat. sg. Cain wearð tô ecg-banan
+ângan brêðer, 1263.
+
+ecg-hete, st. m., _sword-hate, enmity which the sword carries out_: nom.
+sg., 84, 1739.
+
+ecg-þracu, st. f., _sword-storm_ (of violent combat): acc. atole ecg-þräce,
+597.
+
+ed-hwyrft, st. m., _return_ (of a former condition): þâ þær sôna wearð
+edhwyrft eorlum, siððan inne fealh Grendles môdor (i.e. after Grendel's
+mother had penetrated into the hall, the former perilous condition, of the
+time of the visits of Grendel, returned to the men), 1282.
+
+ed-wendan, w. v., _to turn back, to yield, to leave off_: inf. gyf him
+edwendan æfre scolde bealuwa bisigu, _if for him the affliction of evil
+should ever cease_, 280.
+
+ed-wenden, st. f., _turning, change_: nom. sg. edwenden, 1775; ed-wenden
+torna gehwylces (_reparation for former neglect_), 2189.
+
+edwît-lîf, st. n., _life in disgrace_: nom. sg., 2892.
+
+efn, adj., _even, like_, with preceding on, and with depend. dat., _upon
+the same level, near_: him on efn ligeð ealdorgewinna, _lies near him_,
+2904.
+
+efnan (see äfnan) w. v., _to carry out, to perform, to accomplish_: pres.
+subj. eorlscype efne (_accomplish knightly deeds_), 2536; inf. eorlscipe
+efnan, 2623; sweorda gelâc efnan (_to battle_), 1042; gerund. tô efnanne,
+1942; pret. eorlscipe efnde, 2134, 3008.
+
+efne, adv., _even, exactly, precisely, just_, united with swâ or swylc:
+efne swâ swîðe swâ, _just so much as_, 1093; efne swâ sîde swâ, 1224; wäs
+se gryre lässa efne swâ micle swâ, _by so much the less as ..._, 1284;
+leóht inne stôd efne swâ ... scîneð, _a gleam stood therein_ (in the sword)
+_just as when ... shines_, 1572; efne swâ hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende
+(_a woman who has borne such a son_), 944; efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him
+gemet þûhte, _to just such a man as seemed good to him_, 3058; efne swylce
+mæla swylce ... þearf gesælde, _just at the times at which necessity
+commanded it_, 1250.
+
+eft, adv.: l) _thereupon, afterwards_: 56, 1147, 2112, 3047, etc.; eft sôna
+bið, _then it happens immediately_, 1763; bôt eft cuman, _help come again_,
+281.--2) _again, on the other side_: þät hine on ylde eft gewunigen
+wilgesîðas, _that in old age again_ (also on their side) _willing
+companions should be attached to him_, 22;--_anew, again_: 135, 604, 693,
+1557, etc.; eft swâ ær, _again as formerly_, 643.--3) retro, rursus,
+_back_: 123, 296, 854, etc.; þät hig äðelinges eft ne wêndon (_did not
+believe that he would come back_), 1597.
+
+eft-cyme, st. m., _return_: gen. sg. eftcymes, 2897.
+
+eft-sîð, st. m., _journey back, return_: acc. sg. 1892; gen. sg. eft-sîðes
+georn, 2784; acc. pl. eftsîðas teáh, _went the road back_, i.e. returned,
+1333.
+
+egesa, egsa (_state of terror_, active or passive): l) _frightfulness_:
+acc. sg. þurh egsan, 276; gen. egesan ne gýmeð, _cares for nothing
+terrible, is not troubled about future terrors_(?), 1758.--2) _terror,
+horror, fear_: nom. sg. egesa, 785; instr. sg. egesan, 1828, 2737.--Comp.:
+glêd-, lîg-, wäter-egesa.
+
+eges-full, adj., _horrible (full of fear, fearful)_, 2930.
+
+eges-lîc, adj., _terrible, bringing terror_: of Grendel's head, 1650; of
+the beginning of the fight with the drake, 2310; of the drake, 2826.
+
+egle, adj., _causing aversion, hideous_: nom. pl. neut., or, more probably,
+perhaps, adverbial, egle (MS. egl), 988.
+
+egsian (denominative from egesa), w. v., _to have terror, distress_: pret.
+(as pluperf.) egsode eorl(?), 6.
+
+ehtian, w. v., _to esteem, to make prominent with praise_: III. pl. pres.
+þät þe ... weras ehtigað, _that thee men shall esteem, praise_, 1223.
+
+elde (_those who generate_, cf. O.N. al-a, generare), st. m. only in the
+pl., _men_: dat. pl. eldum, 2215; mid eldum, _among men_, 2612.--See ylde.
+
+eldo, st. f., _age_: instr. sg. eldo gebunden, 2112.
+
+el-land, st. n., _foreign land, exile_: acc. sg. sceall ... elland tredan,
+(_shall be banished_), 3020.
+
+ellen, st. n., _strength, heroic strength, bravery_: nom. sg. ellen, 573;
+eafoð and ellen, 903; Geáta ... eafoð and ellen, 603; acc. sg. eafoð and
+ellen, 2350; ellen cýðan, _show bravery_, 2696; ellen fremedon, _exercised
+heroic strength, did heroic deeds_, 3; similarly, ic gefremman sceal eorlîc
+ellen, 638; ferh ellen wräc, _life drove out the strength_, i.e. with the
+departing life (of the dragon) his strength left him, 2707; dat. sg. on
+elne, 2507, 2817; as instr. þâ wäs ät þam geongum grim andswaru êðbegête
+þâm þe ær his elne forleás, _then it was easy for_ (every one of) _those
+who before had lost his hero-courage, to obtain rough words from the young
+man_ (Wîglâf), 2862; mid elne, 1494, 2536; elne, alone, in adverbial sense,
+_strongly, zealously_, and with the nearly related meaning, _hurriedly,
+transiently_, 894, 1098, 1968, 2677, 2918; gen. sg. elnes lät, 1530; þâ him
+wäs elnes þearf, 2877.--Comp. mägen-ellen.
+
+ellen-dæd, st. f., _heroic deed_: dat. pl. -dædum, 877, 901.
+
+ellen-gæst, st. m., _strength-spirit, demon with heroic strength_: nom. sg.
+of Grendel, 86.
+
+ellen-lîce, adv., _strongly, with heroic strength_, 2123.
+
+ellen-mærðu, st. f., _renown of heroic strength_, dat. pl. -mærðum, 829,
+1472.
+
+ellen-rôf, adj., _renowned for strength_: nom. sg. 340, 358, 3064; dat. pl.
+-rôfum, 1788.
+
+ellen-seóc, adj., _infirm in strength_: acc. sg. þeóden ellensiócne (_the
+mortally wounded king, Beówulf_), 2788.
+
+ellen-weorc, st. n., (_strength-work_), _heroic deed, achievement in
+battle_: acc. sg. 662, 959, 1465, etc.; gen. pl. ellen-weorca, 2400.
+
+elles, adv., _else, otherwise_: a (modal), _in another manner_, 2521.--b
+(local), elles hwær, _somewhere else_, 138; elles hwergen, 2591.
+
+ellor, adv., _to some other place_, 55, 2255.
+
+ellor-gâst, -gæst, st. m., _spirit living elsewhere_ (standing outside of
+the community of mankind): nom. sg. se ellorgâst (Grendel), 808; (Grendel's
+mother), 1622; ellorgæst (Grendel's mother), 1618; acc. pl. ellorgæstas,
+1350.
+
+ellor-sîð, st. m., _departure, death_: nom. sg. 2452.
+
+elra, adj. (comparative of a not existing form, ele, Goth. aljis, alius),
+_another_: dat. sg. on elran men, 753.
+
+el-þeódig, adj., _of another people: foreign_: acc. pl. el-þeódige men,
+336.
+
+ende, st. m., _the extreme_: hence, 1) _end_: nom. sg. aldres (lîfes) ende,
+823, 2845; ôð þät ende becwom (scil. unrihtes), 1255; acc. sg. ende
+lîfgesceafta (lîfes, læn-daga), 3064, 1387, 2343; häfde eorðscrafa ende
+genyttod, _had used the end of the earth-caves_ (had made use of the caves
+for the last time), 3047; dat. sg. ealdres (lîfes) ät ende, 2791, 2824;
+eoletes ät ende, 224.--2) _boundary_: acc. sg. sîde rîce þät he his selfa
+ne mäg ... ende geþencean, _the wide realm, so that he himself cannot
+comprehend its boundaries_, 1735.--3) _summit, head_: dat. sg. eorlum on
+ende, _to the nobles at the end_ (the highest courtiers), 2022.--Comp.
+woruld-ende.
+
+ende-däg, st. m., _last day, day of death_: nom. sg. 3036; acc. sg. 638.
+
+ende-dôgor, st. m., _last day, day of death_: gen. sg. bega on wênum
+endedôgores and eftcymes leótes monnes (_hesitating between the belief in
+the death and in the return of the dear man_), 2897.
+
+ende-lâf, st. f., _last remnant_: nom. sg. þu eart ende-lâf ûsses cynnes,
+_art the last of our race_, 2814.
+
+ende-leán, st. n., _final reparation_: acc. sg. 1693.
+
+ende-sæta, w. m., _he who sits on the border, boundary-guard_: nom. sg.
+(here of the strand-watchman), 241.
+
+ende-stäf, st. m. (elementum finis), _end_: acc. sg. hit on endestäf eft
+gelimpeð, _then it draws near to the end_, 1754.
+
+ge-endian, w. v., _to end_: pret. part. ge-endod, 2312.
+
+enge, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. enge ânpaðas, _narrow paths_, 1411.
+
+ent, st. m., _giant_: gen. pl. enta ær-geweorc (the sword-hilt out of the
+dwelling-place of Grendel), 1680; enta geweorc (the dragon's cave), 2718;
+eald-enta ær-geweorc (the costly things in the dragon's cave), 2775.
+
+entisc, adj., _coming from giants_: acc. sg. entiscne helm, 2980.
+
+etan, st. v., _to eat, to consume_: pres. sg. III. blôdig wäl ... eteð
+ân-genga, _he that goes alone_ (Grendel) _will devour the bloody corpse_,
+448; inf. Geátena leóde ... etan, 444.
+
+þurh-etan, _to eat through_: pret. part. pl. nom. swyrd ... þurhetone,
+_swords eaten through_ (by rust), 3050.
+
+
+Ê
+
+êc. See eác.
+
+êce, adj., _everlasting_; nom. êce drihten (God), 108; acc. sg. êce
+eorðreced, _the everlasting earth-hall_ (the dragon's cave), 2720; geceás
+êcne ræd, _chose the everlasting gain_ (died), 1202; dat. sg. êcean
+dryhtne, 1693, 1780, 2331; acc. pl. geceós êce rædas, 1761.
+
+êdre. See ædre.
+
+êð-begête, adj., _easy to obtain, ready_: nom. sg. þâ wäs ät þam geongum
+grim andswaru êð-begête, _then from the young man_ (Wîglâf) _it was an easy
+thing to get a gruff answer_, 2862.
+
+êðe. See eáðe.
+
+êðel, st. m., _hereditary possessions, hereditary estate_: acc. sg. swæsne
+êðel, 520; dat. sg. on êðle, 1731.--In royal families the hereditary
+possession is the whole realm: hence, acc. sg. êðel Scyldinga, _of the
+kingdom of the Scyldings_, 914; (Offa) wîsdôme heóld êðel sînne, _ruled
+with wisdom his inherited kingdom_, 1961.
+
+êðel-riht, st. n., _hereditary privileges_ (rights that belong to a
+hereditary estate): nom. sg. eard êðel-riht, _estate and inherited
+privileges_, 2199.
+
+êðel-stôl, st. m., _hereditary seat, inherited throne_: acc. pl.
+êðel-stôlas, 2372.
+
+êðel-turf, st. f., _inherited ground, hereditary estate_: dat. sg. on mînre
+êðeltyrf, 410.
+
+êðel-weard, st. m., _lord of the hereditary estate_ (realm): nom. sg.
+êðelweard (_king_), 1703, 2211; dat. sg. Eást-Dena êðel wearde (King
+Hrôðgâr), 617.
+
+êðel-wyn, st. f., _joy in_, or _enjoyment of, hereditary possessions_: nom.
+sg. nu sceal ... eall êðelwyn eówrum cynne, lufen âlicgean, _now shall your
+race want all home-joy, and subsistence_(?) (your race shall be banished
+from its hereditary abode), 2886; acc. sg. he me lond forgeaf, eard
+êðelwyn, _presented me with land, abode, and the enjoyment of home_, 2494.
+
+êð-gesýne, ýð-gesêne, adj., _easy to see, visible to all_: nom. sg. 1111,
+1245.
+
+êfstan, w. v., _to be in haste, to hasten_: inf. uton nu êfstan, _let us
+hurry now_, 3102; pret. êfste mid elne, _hastened with heroic strength_,
+1494.
+
+êg-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer êg-clif (ecg-clif, MS.), 2894.
+
+êg-streám, st. m., _sea-stream, sea-flood_: dat. pl. on êg-streámum, _in
+the sea-floods_, 577. See eágor-streám.
+
+êhtan (M.H.G. æchten; cf. æht and ge-æhtla), w. v. w. gen., _to be a
+pursuer, to pursue_: pres. part. äglæca êhtende wäs duguðe and geogoðe,
+159; pret. pl. êhton aglæcan, _they pursued the bringer of sorrow_
+(Beówulf)(?), 1513.
+
+êst, st. m. f., _favor, grace, kindness_: acc. sg. he him êst geteáh meara
+and mâðma (_honored him with horses and jewels_), 2166; gearwor häfde
+âgendes êst ær gesceáwod, _would rather have seen the grace of the Lord_
+(of God) _sooner_, 3076.--dat. pl., adverbial, libenter: him on folce
+heóld, êstum mid âre, 2379; êstum geýwan (_to present_), 2150; him wäs ...
+wunden gold êstum geeáwed (_presented_), 1195; we þät ellenweorc êstum
+miclum fremedon, 959.
+
+êste, adj., _gracious_: w. gen. êste bearn-gebyrdo, _gracious through the
+birth_ (of such a son as Beówulf), 946.
+
+
+EA
+
+eafoð, st. n., _power, strength_: nom, sg. eafoð and ellen, 603, 903; acc.
+sg. eafoð and ellen, 2350; we frêcne genêðdon eafoð uncûðes, _we have
+boldly ventured against the strength of the enemy_ (Grendel) _have
+withstood him_, 961; gen. sg. eafoðes cräftig, 1467; þät þec âdl oððe ecg
+eafoðes getwæfed, _shall rob of strength_, 1764; acc. pl. eafeðo (MS.
+earfeðo) [This reading cancelled. See note to l. 534--KTH], 534; dat. pl.
+hine mihtig god ... eafeðum stêpte, _made him great through strength_,
+1718. See Note for l. 534.
+
+eafor, st. m., _boar_; here the image of the boar as banner: acc. sg.
+eafor, 2153.
+
+eafora (_offspring_), w. m.: 1) _son_: nom. sg. eafera, 12, 898; eafora,
+375; acc. sg. eaferan, 1548, 1848; gen. sg. eafera, 19; nom. pl. eaferan,
+2476; dat. pl. eaferum, 1069, 2471; uncran eaferan, 1186.--2) in broader
+sense, _successor_: dat. pl. eaforum, 1711.
+
+eahta, num., _eight_: acc. pl. eahta mearas, 1036; eode eahta sum, _went as
+one of eight, with seven others_, 3124.
+
+eahtian, w. v.: 1) _to consider; to deliberate_: pret. pl. w. acc. ræd
+eahtedon, _consulted about help_, 172; pret. sg. (for the plural) þone
+sêlestan þâra þe mid Hrôðgâre hâm eahtode, _the best one of those who with
+Hrôðgâr deliberated about their home_ (ruled), 1408.--2) _to speak with
+reflection of_ (along with the idea of praise): pret. pl. eahtodan
+eorlscipe, _spoke of his noble character_, 3175.
+
+eal, eall, adj., _all, whole_: nom. sg. werod eall, 652; pl. eal bencþelu,
+486; sg. eall êðelwyn, 2886; eal worold, 1739, etc.; þät hit wearð eal
+gearo, healärna mæst, 77; þät hit (wîgbil) eal gemealt, 1609. And with a
+following genitive: þær wäs eal geador Grendles grâpe, _there was all
+together Grendel's hand, the whole hand of Grendel_, 836; eall ... lissa,
+_all favor_, 2150; wäs eall sceacen dôgorgerîmes, 2728. With apposition:
+þûhte him eall tô rûm, wongas and wîcstede, 2462; acc. sg. beót eal, 523;
+similarly, 2018, 2081; oncýððe ealle, _all distress_, 831; heals ealne,
+2692; hlæw ... ealne ûtan-weardne, 2298; gif he þät eal gemon, 1186, 2428;
+þät eall geondseh, recedes geatwa, 3089; ealne wîde-ferhð, _through the
+whole wide life, through all time_, 1223; instr. sg. ealle mägene, _with
+all strength_, 2668; dat. sg. eallum ... manna cynne, 914; gen. sg. ealles
+moncynnes, 1956. Subst. ic þäs ealles mäg ... gefeán habban, 2740; brûc
+ealles well, 2163; freán ealles þanc secge, _give thanks to the Lord of
+all_, 2795; nom. pl. untydras ealle, 111; sceótend ... ealle, 706; we
+ealle, 942; acc. pl. feónd ealle, 700; similarly, 1081, 1797, 2815; subst.
+ofer ealle, 650; ealle hie deáð fornam, 2237; lîg ealle forswealg þâra þe
+þær gûð fornam, _all of those whom the war had snatched away_, 1123; dat.
+pl. eallum ceaster-bûendum, 768; similarly, 824, 907, 1418; subst. âna wið
+eallum, _one against all_, 145; with gen. eallum gumena cynnes, 1058; gen.
+pl. äðelinga bearn ealra twelfa, _the kinsmen of all twelve nobles_ (twelve
+nobles hold the highest positions of the court), 3172; subst. he âh ealra
+geweald, _has power over all_, 1728.
+
+Uninflected: bil eal þurhwôd flæschoman, _the battle-axe cleft the body
+through and through_, 1568; häfde ... eal gefeormod fêt and folma, _had
+devoured entirely feet and hands_, 745; se þe eall geman gâr-cwealm gumena,
+_who remembers thoroughly the death of the men by the spear_, 2043, etc.
+
+Adverbial: þeáh ic eal mæge, _although I am entirely able_, 681; hî on
+beorg dydon bêg and siglu eall swylce hyrsta, _they placed in the
+grave-mound rings, and ornaments, all such adornments_, 3165.--The gen. sg.
+ealles, adverbial in the sense of _entirely_, 1001, 1130.
+
+eald, adj., _old_: a) of the age of living beings: nom. sg. eald, 357,
+1703, 2211, etc.; dat. sg. ealdum, 2973; gen. sg. ealdes uhtflogan
+(_dragon_), 2761; dat. sg. ealdum, 1875; geongum and ealdum, 72.--b) of
+things and of institutions: nom. sg. helm monig eald and ômig, 2764; acc.
+sg. ealde lâfe (_sword_), 796, 1489; ealde wîsan, 1866; eald sweord, 1559,
+1664, etc.; eald gewin, _old_ (lasting years), _distress_, 1782; eald enta
+geweorc (_the precious things in the drake's cave_), 2775; acc. pl. ealde
+mâðmas, 472; ofer ealde riht, _against the old laws_ (namely, the Ten
+Commandments; Beówulf believes that God has sent him the drake as a
+punishment, because he has unconsciously, at some time, violated one of the
+commandments), 2331.
+
+yldra, compar. _older_: mîn yldra mæg, 468; yldra brôðor, 1325; ôð þät he
+(Heardrêd) yldra wearð, 2379.
+
+yldesta, superl. _oldest_, in the usual sense; dat. sg. þam yldestan, 2436;
+in a moral sense, _the most respected_: nom. sg. se yldesta, 258; acc. sg.
+þone yldestan, 363, both times of Beówulf.
+
+eald-fäder, st. m., _old-father, grandfather, ancestor_: nom. sg. 373.
+
+eald-gesegen, st. f., _traditions from old times_: gen. pl. eal-fela
+eald-gesegena, _very many of the old traditions_, 870.
+
+eald-gesîð, st. m., _companion ever since old times, courtier for many
+years_: nom. pl. eald-gesîðas, 854.
+
+eald-gestreón, st. n., _treasure out of the old times_: dat. pl.
+eald-gestreónum, 1382; gen. pl. -gestreóna, 1459.
+
+eald-gewinna, w. m., _old-enemy, enemy for many years_: nom. sg. of
+Grendel, 1777.
+
+eald-gewyrht, st. n., _merit on account of services rendered during many
+years_: nom. pl. þät næron eald-gewyrht, þät he âna scyle gnorn þrowian,
+_that has not been his desert ever since long ago, that he should bear the
+distress alone_, 2658.
+
+eald-hlâford, st. m., _lord through many years_: gen. sg. bill
+eald-hlâfordes (of the old Beówulf(?)), 2779.
+
+eald-metod, st. m., _God ruling ever since ancient times_: nom. sg. 946.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. m., _lord, chief_ (king or powerful noble): nom. sg.
+ealdor, 1645, 1849, 2921; aldor, 56, 369, 392; acc. sg. aldor, 669; dat.
+sg. ealdre, 593; aldre, 346.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. aldor, 1372; dat. sg. aldre, 1448,
+1525; ealdre, 2600; him on aldre stôd herestræl hearda (in vitalibus),
+1435; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not troubled about his life_, 1443; of
+ealdre gewât, _went out of life, died_, 2625; as instr. aldre, 662, 681,
+etc.; ealdre, 1656, 2134, etc.; gen. sg. aldres, 823; ealdres, 2791, 2444;
+aldres orwêna, _despairing of life_, 1003, 1566; ealdres scyldig, _having
+forfeited life_, 1339, 2062; dat. pl. aldrum nêðdon, 510, 538.--Phrases: on
+aldre (_in life_), _ever_, 1780; tô aldre (_for life_), _always_, 2006,
+2499; âwa tô aldre, _for ever and ever_, 956.
+
+ealdor-bealu, st. n., _life's evil_: acc. sg. þu ... ondrædan ne þearft ...
+aldorbealu eorlum, _thou needest not fear death for the courtiers_, 1677.
+
+ealdor-cearu, st. f., _trouble that endangers life, great trouble_: dat.
+sg. he his leódum wearð ... tô aldor-ceare, 907.
+
+ealdor-dagas, st. m. pl., _days of one's life_: dat. pl. næfre on
+aldor-dagum (_never in his life_), 719; on ealder-dagum ær (_in former
+days_), 758.
+
+ealdor-gedâl, st. n., _severing of life, death, end_: nom. sg. aldor-gedâl,
+806.
+
+ealdor-gewinna, w. m., _life-enemy, one who strives to take his enemy's
+life_ (in N.H.G. the contrary conception, Tod-feind): nom. sg.
+ealdorgewinna (_the dragon_), 2904.
+
+ealdor-leás, adj., _without a ruler_(?): nom. pl. aldor-leáse, 15.
+
+ealdor-leás, adj., _lifeless, dead_: acc. sg. aldor-leásne, 1588;
+ealdor-leásne, 3004.
+
+ealdor-þegn, st. m., _nobleman at the court, distinguished courtier_: acc.
+sg. aldor-þegn (Hrôðgâr's confidential adviser, Äschere), 1309.
+
+eal-fela, adj., _very much_: with following gen., eal-fela eald-gesegena,
+_very many old traditions_, 870; eal-fela eotena cynnes, 884.
+
+ealgian, w. v., _to shield, to defend, to protect_: inf. w. acc. feorh
+ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; pret. siððan he (Hygelâc) under segne sinc
+eal-gode, wälreáf werede, _while under his banner he protected the
+treasures, defended the spoil of battle_ (i.e. while he was upon the Viking
+expeditions), 1205.
+
+eal-gylden, adj., _all golden, entirely of gold_: nom. sg. swýn ealgylden,
+1112; acc. sg. segn eallgylden, 2768.
+
+eal-îrenne, adj., _entirely of iron_: acc. sg. eall-îrenne wîgbord, _a
+wholly iron battle-shield_, 2339.
+
+ealu, st. n., _ale, beer_: acc. sg. ealo drincende, 1946.
+
+ealu-benc, st. f., _ale-bench, bench for those drinking ale_: dat. sg. in
+ealo-bence, 1030; on ealu-bence, 2868.
+
+ealu-scerwen, st. f., _terror_, under the figure of a mishap at an
+ale-drinking, probably the sudden taking away of the ale: nom. sg. Denum
+eallum wearð ... ealuscerwen, 770.
+
+ealu-wæge, st. n., _ale-can, portable vessel out of which ale is poured
+into the cups_: acc. sg. 2022; hroden ealowæge, 495; dat. sg. ofer ealowæge
+(_at the ale-carouse_), 481.
+
+eal-wealda, w. adj., _all ruling_ (God): nom. sg. fäder alwalda, 316;
+alwalda, 956, 1315; dat. sg. al-wealdan, 929.
+
+eard, st. m., _cultivated ground, estate, hereditary estate_; in a broader
+sense, _ground in general, abode, place of sojourn_: nom. sg. him wäs bâm
+... lond gecynde, eard êðel-riht, _the land was bequeathed to them both,
+the land and the privileges attached to it._ 2199; acc. sg. fîfel-cynnes
+eard, _the ground of the giant race, place of sojourn_, 104; similarly,
+älwihta eard, 1501; eard gemunde, _thought of his native ground, his home_,
+1130; eard git ne const, _thou knowest not yet the place of sojourn._ 1378;
+eard and eorlscipe, _prædium et nobilitatem_, 1728; eard êðelwyn, _land and
+the enjoyment of home_, 2494; dat. sg. ellor hwearf of earde, _went
+elsewhere from his place of abode_, i.e. died, 56; þät we rondas beren eft
+tô earde, _that we go again to our homes_, 2655; on earde, 2737; nom. pl.
+eácne eardas, _the broad expanses_ (in the fen-sea where Grendel's home
+was), 1622.
+
+eardian, w. v.: 1) _to have a dwelling-place, to live; to rest_: pret. pl.
+dýre swyrd swâ hie wið eorðan fäðm þær eardodon, _costly swords, as they
+had rested in the earth's bosom_, 3051.--2) also transitively, _to
+inhabit_: pret. sg. Heorot eardode, 166; inf. wîc eardian elles hwergen,
+_inhabit a place elsewhere_ (i.e. die), 2590.
+
+eard-lufa, w. m., _the living upon one's land, home-life_: acc. sg.
+eard-lufan, 693.
+
+earfoð-lîce, adv., _with trouble, with difficulty_, 1637, 1658; _with
+vexation, angrily_, 86; _sorrowfully_, 2823; _with difficulty, scarcely_,
+2304, 2935.
+
+earfoð-þrag, st. f., _time full of troubles, sorrowful time_: acc. sg.
+-þrage, 283.
+
+earh, adj., _cowardly_: gen. sg. ne bið swylc earges sîð (_no coward
+undertaken that_), 2542.
+
+earm, st. m., _arm_: acc. sg. earm, 836, 973; wið earm gesät, _supported
+himself with his arm_, 750; dat. pl. earmum, 513.
+
+earm, adj., _poor, miserable, unhappy_: nom. sg. earm, 2369; earme ides,
+_the unhappy woman_, 1118; dat. sg. earmre teohhe, _the unhappy band_,
+2939.--Comp. acc. sg. earmran mannan, _a more wretched, more forsaken man_,
+577.
+
+earm-beág, st. m., _arm-ring, bracelet_: gen. pl. earm-beága fela searwum
+gesæled, _many arm-rings interlaced_, 2764.
+
+earm-hreád, st. f., _arm-ornament_. nom. pl. earm-hreáde twâ, 1195 (Grein's
+conjecture, MS. earm reade).
+
+earm-lîc, adj., _wretched, miserable_: nom. sg. sceolde his ealdor-gedâl
+earmlîc wurðan, _his end should be wretched_, 808.
+
+earm-sceapen, pret. part. as adj. (_properly, wretched by the decree of
+fate_), _wretched_: nom. sg. 1352.
+
+earn, st. m., _eagle_: dat. sg. earne, 3027.
+
+eatol. See atol.
+
+eaxl, st. f., _shoulder_: acc. sg. eaxle, 836, 973; dat. sg. on eaxle, 817,
+1548; be eaxle, 1538; on eaxle ides gnornode, _the woman sobbed on the
+shoulder_ (of her son, who has fallen and is being burnt), 1118; dat. pl.
+sät freán eaxlum neáh, _sat near the shoulders of his lord_ (Beówulf lies
+lifeless upon the earth, and Wîglâf sits by his side, near his shoulder, so
+as to sprinkle the face of his dead lord), 2854; he for eaxlum gestôd
+Deniga freán, _he stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes_
+(i.e. not directly before him, but somewhat to the side, as etiquette
+demanded), 358.
+
+eaxl-gestealla, w. m., _he who has his position at the shoulder_ (sc. of
+his lord), _trusty courtier, counsellor of a prince_: nom. sg. 1327; acc.
+pl. -gesteallan, 1715.
+
+
+EÁ
+
+eác, conj., _also_: 97, 388, 433, etc.; êc, 3132.
+
+eácen (pret. part. of a not existing eacan, augere), adj., _wide-spread_,
+_large_: nom. pl. eácne eardas, _broad plains_, 1622.--_great, heavy_: eald
+sweord eácen, 1664; dat. pl. eácnum ecgum, 2141, both times of the great
+sword in Grendel's habitation.--_great, mighty, powerful_: äðele and eácen,
+of Beówulf, 198.
+
+eácen-cräftig, adj., _immense_ (of riches), _enormously great_: acc. sg.
+hord-ärna sum eácen-cräftig, _that enormous treasure-house_, 2281; nom. sg.
+þät yrfe eácen-cräftig, iúmonna gold, 3052.
+
+eádig, adj., _blessed with possessions, rich, happy by reason of property_:
+nom. sg. wes, þenden þu lifige, äðeling eádig, _be, as long as thou livest,
+a prince blessed with riches_, 1226; eádig mon, 2471.--Comp. sige-, sigor-,
+tîr-eádig.
+
+eádig-lîce, adv., _in abundance, in joyous plenty_: dreámum lifdon
+eádiglîce, _lived in rejoicing and plenty_, 100.
+
+eáðe, êðe, ýðe, adj., _easy, pleasant_: nom. pl. gode þancedon þäs þe him
+ýð-lâde eáðe wurdon, _thanked God that the sea-ways_ (the navigation) _had
+become easy to them_, 228; ne wäs þät êðe sîð, _no pleasant way_, 2587; näs
+þät ýðe ceáp, _no easy purchase_, 2416; nô þät ýðe byð tô befleónne, _not
+easy_ (as milder expression for _in no way, not at all_), 1003.
+
+eáðe, ýðe, adv., _easily_. eáðe, 478, 2292, 2765.
+
+eáð-fynde, adj., _easy to find_: nom. sg. 138.
+
+eáge, w. n., _eye_: dat. pl. him of eágum stôd leóht unfäger, _out of his
+eyes came a terrible gleam_, 727; þät ic ... eágum starige, _see with eyes,
+behold_, 1782; similarly, 1936; gen. pl. eágena bearhtm, 1767.
+
+eágor-streám, st. m., _sea-stream sea_: acc. sg. 513.
+
+eá-land, st. n., _land surrounded by water_ (of the land of the Geátas):
+acc. sg. eá-lond, 2335; _island_.
+
+eám, st. m., _uncle, mothers brother_: nom. sg. 882.
+
+eástan, adv., _from the east_, 569.
+
+eáwan, w. v., _to disclose, to show, to prove_: pres. sg. III. eáweð ...
+uncûðne nîð, _shows evil enmity_, 276. See eówan, ýwan.
+
+ge-eáwan, _to show, to offer_: pret. part. him wäs ... wunden gold êstum
+ge-eáwed, _was graciously presented_, 1195.
+
+
+EO
+
+eode. See gangan.
+
+eodor, st. m., _fence, hedge, railing_. Among the old Germans, an estate
+was separated by a fence from the property of others. Inside of this fence
+the laws of peace and protection held good, as well as in the house itself.
+Hence eodor is sometimes used instead of _house_: acc. pl. hêht eahta
+mearas on flet teón, in under eoderas, _gave orders to lead eight steeds
+into the hall, into the house_, 1038.--2) figuratively, _lord, prince_, as
+protector: nom. sg. eodor, 428, 1045; eodur, 664.
+
+eofoð, st. n., _strength_: acc. pl. eofoðo, 2535. See eafoð.
+
+eofer, st. m.: 1) _boar_, here of the metal boar-image upon the helmet:
+nom. sg. eofer îrenheard, 1113.--2) figuratively, _bold hero, brave
+fighter_ (O.N. iöfur): nom. pl. þonne ... eoferas cnysedan, _when the
+heroes rushed upon each other_, 1329, where eoferas and fêðan stand in the
+same relation to each other as cnysedan and hniton.
+
+eofor-lîc, st. n. _boar-image_ (on the helmet): nom. pl. eofor-lîc scionon,
+303.
+
+eofor-spreót, st. m., _boar-spear_: dat. pl. mid eofer-spreótum
+heóro-hôcyhtum, _with hunting-spears which were provided with sharp hooks_,
+1438.
+
+eoguð, ioguð. See geogoð.
+
+eolet, st. m. n., _sea_(?): gen. sg. eoletes, 224.
+
+eorclan-stân, st. m., _precious stone_: acc. pl. -stânas, 1209.
+
+eorð-cyning, st. m., _king of the land_: gen. sg. eorð-cyninges (Finn),
+1156.
+
+eorð-draca, w. m., _earth-drake, dragon that lives in the earth_: nom. sg.
+2713, 2826.
+
+eorðe, w. f.: 1) _earth_ (in contrast with heaven), _world_: acc. sg.
+älmihtiga eorðan worhte, 92; wîde geond eorðan, _far over the earth,
+through the wide world_, 266; dat. sg. ofer eorðan, 248, 803; on eorðan,
+1823, 2856, 3139; gen. sg. eorðan, 753.--2) _earth, ground_: acc. sg. he
+eorðan gefeóll, _fell to the ground_, 2835; forlêton eorla gestreón eorðan
+healdan, _let the earth hold the nobles' treasure_, 3168; dat. sg. þät hit
+on eorðan läg, 1533; under eorðan, 2416; gen. sg. wið eorðan fäðm (_in the
+bosom of the earth_), 3050.
+
+eorð-reced, st. n., _hall in the earth, rock-hall_: acc. sg. 2720.
+
+eorð-scräf, st. n., _earth-cavern, cave_: dat. sg. eorð-[scräfe], 2233;
+gen. pl. eorð-scräfe, 3047.
+
+eorð-sele, st. m., _hall in the earth, cave_: acc. sg. eorð-sele, 2411; dat
+sg. of eorðsele, 2516.
+
+eorð-weall, st. m., _earth-wall_: acc. sg. (Ongenþeów) beáh eft under
+eorðweall, _fled again under the earth-wall_ (into his fortified camp),
+2958; þâ me wäs ... sîð âlýfed inn under eorðweall, _then the way in, under
+the earth-wall was opened to me_ (into the dragon's cave), 3091.
+
+eorð-weard, st. m., _land-property, estate_: acc. sg. 2335.
+
+eorl, st. m., _noble born man, a man of the high nobility_: nom. sg. 762,
+796, 1229, etc.; acc. sg. eorl, 573, 628, 2696; gen. sg. eorles, 690, 983,
+1758, etc.; acc. pl. eorlas, 2817; dat. pl. eorlum, 770, 1282, 1650, etc.;
+gen. pl. eorla, 248, 357, 369, etc.--Since the king himself is from the
+stock of the eorlas, he is also called eorl, 6, 2952.
+
+eorl-gestreón, st. n., _wealth of the nobles_: gen. pl. eorl-gestreóna ...
+hardfyrdne dæl, 2245.
+
+eorl-gewæde, st. n., _knightly dress, armor_: dat. pl. -gewædum, 1443.
+
+eorlîc (i.e. eorl-lîc), adj., _what it becomes a noble born man to do,
+chivalrous_: acc. sg. eorlîc ellen, 638.
+
+eorl-scipe, st. m., _condition of being noble born, chivalrous nature,
+nobility_: acc. sg. eorl-scipe, 1728, 3175; eorl-scipe efnan, _to do
+chivalrous deeds_, 2134, 2536, 2623, 3008.
+
+eorl-weorod, st. n., _followers of nobles_: nom. sg. 2894.
+
+eormen-cyn, st. n., _very extensive race, mankind_: gen. sg. eormen-cynnes,
+1958.
+
+eormen-grund, st. m., _immensely wide plains, the whole broad earth_: acc.
+sg. ofer eormen-grund, 860.
+
+eormen-lâf, st. f., _enormous legacy_: acc. sg. eormen-lâfe äðelan cynnes
+(_the treasures of the dragon's cave_) 2235.
+
+eorre, adj., _angry, enraged_: gen. sg. eorres, 1448.
+
+eoton, st. m.: 1) _giant_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel), 762; dat. sg.
+uninflected, eoton (Grendel), 669; nom. pl. eotenas, 112.--2) Eotens,
+subjects of Finn, the N. Frisians: 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. pl. 1146. See
+List of Names, p. 114.
+
+eotonisc, adj., _gigantic, coming from giants_: acc. sg. eald sweord
+eotenisc (eotonisc), 1559, 2980, (etonisc, MS.) 2617.
+
+
+EÓ
+
+eóred-geatwe, st. f. pl., _warlike adornments_: acc. pl., 2867.
+
+eówan, w. v., _to show, to be seen_: pres. sg. III. ne gesacu ôhwær,
+ecghete eóweð, _nowhere shows itself strife, sword-hate_, 1739. See eáwan,
+ýwan.
+
+eówer: 1) gen. pl. pers. pron., vestrum: eówer sum, _that one of you_
+(namely, Beówulf), 248; fæhðe eówer leóde, _the enmity of the people of
+you_ (of your people), 597; nis þät eówer sîð ... nefne mîn ânes, 2533.--2)
+poss. pron., _your_, 251, 257, 294, etc.
+
+
+F
+
+ge-fandian, -fondian, w. v., _to try, to search for, to find out, to
+experience_: w. gen. pret. part. þät häfde gumena sum goldes gefandod,
+_that a man had discovered the gold_, 2302; þonne se ân hafað þurh deâðes
+nýd dæda gefondad, _now the one_ (Herebeald) _has with death's pang
+experienced the deeds_ (the unhappy bow-shot of Hæðcyn), 2455.
+
+fara, w. m., _farer, traveller_: in comp. mere-fara.
+
+faran, st. v., _to move from one place to another, to go, to wander_: inf.
+tô hâm faran, _to go home_, 124; lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas, _let
+the fallow horses go in emulation_, 865; cwom faran flotherge on Fresna
+land, _had come to Friesland with a fleet_, 2916; com leóda dugoðe on lâst
+faran, _came to go upon the track of the heroes of his people_, i.e. to
+follow them, 2946; gerund wæron äðelingas eft tô leódum fûse tô farenne,
+_the nobles were ready to go again to their people_, 1806; pret. sg. gegnum
+fôr [þâ] ofer myrcan môr, _there had_ (Grendel's mother) _gone away over
+the dark fen_, 1405; sægenga fôr, _the seafarer_ (the ship) _drove along_,
+1909; (wyrm) mid bæle fôr, (the dragon) _fled away with fire_, 2309; pret.
+pl. þät ... scawan scîrhame tô scipe fôron, _that the visitors in
+glittering attire betook themselves to the ship_, 1896.
+
+gefaran, _to proceed, to act_: inf. hû se mânsceaða under færgripum gefaran
+wolde, _how he would act in his sudden attacks_, 739.
+
+ût faran, _to go out_: w. acc. lêt of breóstum ... word ût faran, _let
+words go out of his breast, uttered words_, 2552.
+
+faroð, st. m., _stream, flood of the sea_: dat. sg. tô brimes faroðe, 28;
+äfter faroðe, _with the stream_, 580; ät faroðe, 1917.
+
+faru, st. f., _way, passage, expedition_: in comp. âd-faru.
+
+fâcen-stäf (elementum nequitiae), st. m., _wickedness, treachery, deceit_.
+acc. pl. fâcen-stafas, 1019.
+
+fâh, fâg, adj., _many-colored, variegated, of varying color_ (especially
+said of the color of gold, of bronze, and of blood, in which the beams of
+light are refracted): nom. sg. fâh (_covered with blood_), 420; blôde fâh,
+935; âtertânum fâh (sc. îren) [This is the MS reading; emmended to
+âterteárum in text--KTH], 1460; sadol searwum fâh (_saddle artistically
+ornamented with gold_), 1039; sweord swâte fâh, 1287; brim blôde fâh, 1595;
+wäldreóre fâg, 1632; (draca) fýrwylmum fâh (_because he spewed flame_),
+2672; sweord fâh and fäted, 2702; blôde fâh, 2975; acc. sg. dreóre fâhne,
+447; goldsele fättum fâhne, 717; on fâgne flôr treddode, _trod the shining
+floor_ (of Heorot), 726; hrôf golde fâhne, _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; nom. pl. eoforlîc ... fâh and fýr-beard, 305; acc. pl. þâ hilt since
+fâge, 1616; dat. pl. fâgum sweordum, 586.--Comp. bân-, blôd-, brûn-,
+dreór-, gold-, gryre-, searo-, sinc-, stân-, swât-, wäl-, wyrm-fâh.
+
+fâh, fâg, fâ, adj.: 1) _hostile_: nom. sg. fâh feónd-scaða, 554; he wäs fâg
+wið god (Grendel), 812; acc. sg. fâne (_the dragon_), 2656; gen. pl. fâra,
+578, 1464.--2) _liable to pursuit, without peace, outlawed_: nom. sg. fâg,
+1264; mâne fâh, _outlawed through crime_, 979; fyren-dædum fâg,
+1002.--Comp. nearo-fâh.
+
+fâmig-heals, adj., _with foaming neck_: nom. sg. flota fâmig-heals, 218;
+(sægenga) fâmig-heals, 1910.
+
+fäc, st. n., _period of time_: acc. sg. lytel fäc, _during a short time_,
+2241.
+
+fäder, st. m., _father_: nom. sg. fäder, 55, 262, 459, 2609; of God, 1610;
+fäder alwalda, 316; acc. sg. fäder, 1356; dat. sg. fäder, 2430; gen. sg.
+fäder, 21, 1480; of God, 188--Comp.: ær, eald-fäder.
+
+fädera, w. m., _father's brother_ in comp. suhter-gefäderan.
+
+fäder-äðelo, st. n. pl., _paternus principatus_ (?): dat. pl. fäder-äðelum,
+912.
+
+fäderen-mæg, st. m., _kinsman descended from the same father,
+co-descendant_: dat. sg. fäderen-mæge, 1264.
+
+fäðm, st. m.: 1) _the outspread, encircling arms_: instr. pl. feóndes
+fäð[mum], 2129.--2) _embrace, encircling_: nom. sg. lîges fäðm, 782; acc.
+sg. in fýres fäðm, 185.--3) _bosom, lap_: acc. sg. on foldan fäðm, 1394;
+wið eorðan fäðm, 3050; dat. pl. tô fäder (God's) fäðmum, 188.--4) _power,
+property_: acc. in Francna fäðm, 1211.--Cf. sîd-fäðmed, sîð-fäðme.
+
+fäðmian, w. v., _to embrace, to take up into itself_: pres. subj. þät minne
+lîchaman ... glêd fäðmie, 2653; inf. lêton flôd fäðmian frätwa hyrde, 3134.
+
+ge-fäg, adj., _agreeable, desirable_ (Old Eng., fawe, _willingly_): comp.
+ge-fägra, 916.
+
+fägen, adj., _glad, joyous_: nom. pl. ferhðum fägne, _the glad at heart_,
+1634.
+
+fäger, adj., _beautiful, lovely_: nom. sg. fäger fold-bold, 774; fäger
+foldan bearm, 1138; acc. sg. freoðoburh fägere, 522; nom. pl. þær him
+fold-wegas fägere þûhton, 867.--Comp. un-fäger.
+
+fägere, fägre, adv., _beautifully, well, becomingly, according to
+etiquette_: fägere geþægon medoful manig, 1015; þâ wäs flet-sittendum
+fägere gereorded, _becomingly the repast was served_, 1789; Higelâc ongan
+... fägre fricgean, 1986; similarly, 2990.
+
+fär, st. n., _craft, ship_: nom. sg., 33.
+
+fäst, adj., _bound, fast_: nom. sg. bið se slæp tô fäst, 1743; acc. sg.
+freóndscipe fästne, 2070; fäste frioðuwære, 1097.--The prep. on stands to
+denote the where or wherein: wäs tô fäst on þâm (sc. on fæhðe and fyrene),
+137; on ancre fäst, 303. Or, oftener, the dative: feónd-grâpum fäst,
+_(held) fast in his antagonist's clutch_, 637; fýrbendum fäst, _fast in the
+forged hinges_, 723; handa fäst, 1291, etc.; hygebendum fäst (beorn him
+langað), _fast (shut) in the bonds of his bosom, the man longs for_ (i.e.
+in secret), 1879.--Comp: âr-, blæd-, gin-, sôð-, tîr-, wîs-fäst.
+
+fäste, adv., _fäst_ 554, 761, 774, 789, 1296.--Comp. fästor, 143.
+
+be-fästan, w. v., _to give over_: inf. hêt Hildeburh hire selfre sunu
+sweoloðe befästan, _to give over to the flames her own son_, 1116.
+
+fästen, st. n., _fortified place, or place difficult of access_: acc. sg.
+leóda fästen, _the fastness of the Geátas_ (with ref. to 2327), 2334;
+fästen (Ongenþeów's castle or fort), 2951; fästen (Grendel's house in the
+fen-sea), 104.
+
+fäst-ræd, adj., _firmly resolved_: acc. sg. fäst-rædne geþôht, _firm
+determination_, 611.
+
+fät, st. m., _way, journey_: in comp. sîð-fät.
+
+fät, st. n., _vessel; vase, cup_: acc. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, _the
+(drinking-) vessels of men of old times_, 2762.--Comp.: bân-, drync-,
+mâððum-, sinc-, wundor-fät.
+
+fät, st. n. (?), _plate, sheet of metal_, especially _gold plate_ (Dietrich
+Hpt. Ztschr. XI. 420): dat. pl. gold sele ... fättum fâhne, _shining with
+gold plates_ (the walls and the inner part of the roof were partly covered
+with gold), 717; sceal se hearda helm hyrsted golde fätum befeallen (sc.
+wesan), _the gold ornaments shall fall away from it_, 2257.
+
+fäted, fätt, part., _ornamented with gold beaten into plate-form_: gen. sg.
+fättan goldes, 1094, 2247; instr. sg. fättan golde, 2103. Elsewhere,
+_covered, ornamented with gold plate_: nom. sg. sweord ... fäted, 2702;
+acc. sg. fäted wæge, 2254, 2283; acc. pl. fätte scyldas, 333; fätte beágas,
+1751. [fæted, etc.]
+
+fäted-hleór, adj., phaleratus gena (Dietr.): acc. pl. eahta mearas
+fäted-hleóre (_eight horses with bridles covered with plates of gold_),
+1037.
+
+fät-gold, st. n., _gold in sheets_ or _plates_: acc. sg., 1922.
+
+fæge, adj.: 1) _forfeited to death, allotted to death by fate_: nom. sg.
+fæge, 1756, 2142, 2976; fæge and ge-flýmed, 847; fûs and fæge, 1242; acc.
+sg. fægne flæsc-homan, 1569; dat. sg. fægum, 2078; gen. sg. fæges,
+1528.--2) _dead_: dat. pl. ofer fægum (_over the warriors fallen in the
+battle_), 3026.--Comp.: deáð-, un-fæge.
+
+fæhð (_state of hostility_, see fâh), st. f., _hostile act, feud, battle_:
+nom. sg. fæhð, 2404, 3062; acc. sg. fæhðe, 153, 459, 470, 596, 1334, etc.;
+also of the unhappy bowshot of the Hrêðling, Hæðcyn, by which he killed his
+brother, 2466; dat. sg. fore fæhðe and fyrene, 137; nalas for fæhðe mearn
+(_did not recoil from the combat_), 1538; gen. sg, ne gefeah he þære fæhðe,
+109; gen. pl. fæhða gemyndig, 2690.--Comp. wäl-fæhð.
+
+fæhðo, st. f., same as above: nom. sg. sió fæhðo, 3000; acc. fæhðo, 2490.
+
+fælsian, w. v., _to bring into a good condition, to cleanse_: inf. þät ic
+môte ... Heorot fælsian (from the plague of Grendel), 432; pret. Hrôðgâres
+... sele fælsode, 2353.
+
+ge-fælsian, w. v., same as above: pret. part. häfde gefælsod ... sele
+Hrôðgâres, 826; Heorot is gefælsod, 1177; wæron ýð-gebland eal gefælsod,
+1621.
+
+fæmne, w. f., _virgin, recens nupta_: dat. sg. fæmnan, 2035; gen. sg.
+fæmnan, 2060, both times of Hrôðgâr's daughter Freáware.
+
+fær, st. m., _sudden, unexpected attack_: nom. sg. (attack upon Hnäf's band
+by Finn's), 1069, 2231.
+
+fær-gripe, st. m., _sudden, treacherous gripe, attack_: nom. sg. fær-gripe
+flôdes, 1517; dat. pl. under færgripum, 739.
+
+fær-gryre, st. m., _fright caused by a sudden attack_: dat. pl. wið
+fær-gryrum (against the inroads of Grendel into Heorot), 174.
+
+færinga, adv., _suddenly, unexpectedly_, 1415, 1989.
+
+fær-nîð, st. m., _hostility with sudden attacks_: gen. pl. hwät me Grendel
+hafað ... færnîða gefremed, 476.
+
+feðer-gearwe, st. f. pl. _(feather-equipment), the feathers of the shaft of
+the arrow_: dat. (instr.) pl. sceft feðer-gearwum fûs, 3120.
+
+fel, st. n., _skin, hide_: dat. pl. glôf ... gegyrwed dracan fellum, _made
+of the skins of dragons_, 2089.
+
+fela, I., adj. indecl., _much, many_: as subst.: acc. sg. fela fricgende,
+2107. With worn placed before: hwät þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spræce,
+_how very much you spoke about Breca_, 530.--With gen. sg.: acc. sg. fela
+fyrene, 810; wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426; worna fela sorge, 2004; tô fela micles
+... Denigea leóde, _too much of the race of the Danes_, 695; uncûðes fela,
+877; fela lâðes, 930; fela leófes and lâðes, 1061.--With gen. pl.: nom. sg.
+fela mâdma, 36; fela þæra wera and wîfa, 993, etc.; acc. sg. fela missera,
+153; fela fyrena, 164; ofer landa fela, 311; mâððum-sigla fela (falo, MS.),
+2758; ne me swôr fela âða on unriht, _swore no false oaths_, 2739, etc.;
+worn fela mâðma, 1784; worna fela gûða, 2543.--Comp. eal-fela.
+
+II., adverbial, _very_, 1386, 2103, 2951.
+
+fela-hrôr, adj., valde agitatus, _very active against the enemy, very
+warlike_, 27.
+
+fela-môdig, adj., _very courageous_: gen. pl. -môdigra, 1638, 1889.
+
+fela-synnig, adj., _very criminal, very guilty_: acc. sg. fela-sinnigne
+secg (in MS., on account of the alliteration, changed to simple sinnigne),
+1380.
+
+feólan, st. v., _to betake one's self into a place, to conceal one's self_:
+pret. siððan inne fealh Grendles môdor (in Heorot), 1282; þær inne fealh
+secg syn-bysig (in the dragon's cave), 2227.--_to fall into, undergo,
+endure_: searonîðas fealh, 1201.
+
+ät-feólan, w. dat., insistere, adhærere: pret. nô ic him þäs georne ätfealh
+_(held him not fast enough_, 969.
+
+fen, st. n., _fen, moor_: acc. sg. fen, 104; dat. sg. tô fenne, 1296;
+fenne, 2010.
+
+fen-freoðo, st. f., _refuge in the fen_: dat. sg. in fen-freoðo, 852.
+
+feng, st. m., _gripe, embrace_: nom. sg. fýres feng, 1765; acc. sg. fâra
+feng (of the hostile sea-monsters), 578.--Comp. inwit-feng.
+
+fengel (probably _he who takes possession_, cf. tô fôn, 1756, and fôn tô
+rîce, _to enter upon the government_), st. m., _lord, prince, king_: nom.
+sg. wîsa fengel, 1401; snottra fengel, 1476, 2157; hringa fengel, 2346.
+
+fen-ge-lâd, st. n., _fen-paths, fen with paths_: acc. pl. frêcne fengelâd
+(_fens difficult of access_), 1360.
+
+fen-hlið, st. n., _marshy precipice_: acc. pl. under fen-hleoðu, 821.
+
+fen-hop, st. n., _refuge in the fen_: acc. pl. on fen-hopu, 765.
+
+ferh, st. m. n., _life_; see feorh.
+
+ferh, st. m., _hog, boar_, here of the boar-image on the helmet: nom. sg.,
+305.
+
+ferhð, st. m., _heart, soul_: dat. sg. on ferhðe, 755, 949, 1719; gehwylc
+hiora his ferhðe treówde, þät ..., _each of them trusted to his_
+(Hûnferð's) _heart, that_ ..., 1167; gen. sg. ferhðes fore-þanc, 1061; dat.
+pl. (adverbial) ferhðum fägne, _happy at heart_, 1634; þät mon ... ferhðum
+freóge, _that one ... heartily love_, 3178.--Comp.: collen-, sarig-,
+swift-, wide-ferhð.
+
+ferhð-frec, adj., _having good courage, bold, brave_: acc. sg. ferhð-frecan
+Fin, 1147.
+
+ferhð-genîðla, w. m., _mortal enemy_: acc. sg. ferhð-genîðlan, of the
+drake, 2882.
+
+ferian, w. v. w. acc., _to bear, to bring, to conduct_: pres. II. pl.
+hwanon ferigeað fätte scyldas, 333; pret. pl. tô scypum feredon eal
+ingesteald eorðcyninges, 1155; similarly, feredon, 1159, 3114.
+
+ät-ferian, _to carry away, to bear off_: pret. ic þät hilt þanan feóndum
+ätferede, 1669.
+
+ge-ferian, _bear, to bring, to lead_: pres. subj. I. pl. þonne (we)
+geferian freán ûserne, 3108; inf. geferian ... Grendles heáfod, 1639; pret.
+þät hi ût geferedon dýre mâðmas, 3131; pret. part. her syndon geferede
+feorran cumene ... Geáta leóde, _men of the Geátas, come from afar, have
+been brought hither_ (by ship), 361.
+
+ôð-ferian, _to tear away, to take away_: pret. sg. I. unsôfte þonan feorh
+ôð-ferede, 2142.
+
+of-ferian, _to carry off, to take away, to tear away_: pret. ôðer swylc ût
+offerede, _took away another such_ (sc. fifteen), 1584.
+
+fetel-hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_, with the gold chains fastened to it: acc.
+(sg. or pl.?), 1564. (See "Leitfaden f. nord. Altertumskunde," pp.45, 46.)
+
+fetian, w. v., _to bring near, bring_: pres. subj. nâh hwâ ... fe[tige]
+fäted wæge, _bring the gold-chased tankard_, 2254; pret. part. hraðe wäs tô
+bûre Beówulf fetod, 1311.
+
+ge-fetian, _to bring_: inf. hêt þâ eorla hleó in gefetian Hrêðles lâfe,
+_caused Hrêðel's sword to be brought_, 2191.
+
+â-fêdan, w. v., _to nourish, to bring up_: pret. part. þær he âfêded wäs,
+694.
+
+fêða (O.H.G. fendo), w. m.: 1) _foot-soldiers_: nom. pl. fêðan, 1328,
+2545.--2) collective in sing., _band of foot-soldiers, troop of warriors_:
+nom. fêða eal gesät, 1425; dat. on fêðan, 2498, 2920.--Comp. gum-fêða.
+
+fêðe, st. n., _gait, going, pace_: dat. sg. wäs tô foremihtig feónd on
+fêðe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (i.e. could flee too fast), 971.
+
+fêðe-cempa, w. m., _foot-soldier_: nom. sg., 1545, 2854.
+
+fêðe-gäst, st. m., _guest coming on foot_: dat. pl. fêðe-gestum, 1977.
+
+fêðe-lâst, st. m., _signs of going, footprint_: dat. pl. fêrdon forð þonon
+fêðe-lâstum, _went forth from there upon their trail_, i.e. by the same way
+that they had gone, 1633.
+
+fêðe-wîg, st. m., _battle on foot_: gen. sg. nealles Hetware hrêmge þorfton
+(sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.
+
+fêl (= feól), st. f. _file_: gen. pl. fêla lâfe, _what the files have left
+behind_ (that is, the swords), 1033.
+
+fêran, w. v., iter (A.S. fôr) facere, _to come, to go, to travel_: pres.
+subj. II. pl. ær ge ... on land Dena furður fêran, _ere you go farther into
+the land of the Danes_, 254; inf. fêran on freán wære (_to die_), 27;
+gewiton him þâ fêran (_set out upon their way_), 301; mæl is me tô fêran,
+316; fêran ... gang sceáwigan, _go, so as to see the footprints_, 1391;
+wîde fêran, 2262; pret. fêrdon folctogan ... wundor sceáwian, _the princes
+came to see the wonder_, 840; fêrdon forð, 1633.
+
+ge-fêran: 1) adire, _to arrive at_: pres. subj. þonne eorl ende gefêre
+lîfgesceafta, _reach the end of life_, 3064; pret. part. häfde æghwäðer
+ende gefêred lænan lîfes, _frail life's end had both reached_, 2845.--2)
+_to reach, to accomplish, to bring about_: pret. hafast þu gefêred þät ...,
+1222, 1856.--3) _to behave one's self, to conduct one's self_: pret. frêcne
+gefêrdon, _had shown themselves daring_, 1692.
+
+feal, st. m., _fall_: in comp. wäl-feal.
+
+feallan, st. v., _to fall, to fall headlong_: inf. feallan, 1071; pret. sg.
+þät he on hrusan ne feól, _that it_ (the hall) _did not fall to the
+ground_, 773; similarly, feóll on foldan, 2976; feóll on fêðan (dat. sg.),
+_fell in the band_ (of his warriors), 2920; pret. pl. þonne walu feóllon,
+1043.
+
+be-feallen, pret. part. w. dat. or instr., _deprived of, robbed_: freóndum
+befeallen, _robbed of friends_, 1127; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum
+befeallen (sc. wesan), _be robbed of its gold mountings_ (the gold mounting
+will fall away from it moldering), 2257.
+
+ge-feallan, _to fall, to sink down_: pres. sg. III. þät se lîc-homa ...
+fæge gefealleð, _that the body doomed to die sinks down_, 1756.--Also, with
+the acc. of the place whither: pret. meregrund gefeóll, 2101; he eorðan
+gefeóll, 2835.
+
+fealu, adj., _fallow, dun-colored, tawny_: acc. sg. ofer fealone flôd
+(_over the sea_), 1951; fealwe stræte (with reference to 320), 917; acc.
+pl. lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas, 866.--Comp. äppel-fealo.
+
+feax, st. n., _hair, hair of the head_: dat. sg. wäs be feaxe on flet boren
+Grendles heáfod, _was carried by the hair into the hall_, 1648; him ...
+swât ... sprong forð under fexe, _the blood sprang out under the hair of
+his head_, 2968.--Comp.: blonden-, gamol-, wunden-feax.
+
+ge-feá, w. m., _joy_: acc. sg. þære fylle gefeán, _joy at the abundant
+repast_, 562; ic þäs ealles mäg ... gefeán habban (_can rejoice at all
+this_), 2741.
+
+feá, adj., _few_ dat. pl. nemne feáum ânum, _except some few_, 1082; gen.
+pl. feára sum, _as one of a few, with a few_, 1413; feára sumne, _one of a
+few (some few)_, 3062. With gen. following: acc. pl. feá worda cwäð, _spoke
+few words_, 2663, 2247.
+
+feá-sceaft, adj., _miserable, unhappy, helpless_: nom. sg. syððan ærest
+wearð feásceaft funden, 7; feásceaft guma (Grendel), 974; dat. sg.
+feásceaftum men, 2286; Eádgilse ... feásceaftum, 2394; nom. pl. feásceafte
+(the Geátas robbed of their king, Hygelâc), 2374.
+
+feoh, feó, st. n., (_properly cattle, herd_) here, _possessions, property,
+treasure_: instr. sg. ne wolde ... feorh-bealo feó þingian, _would not
+allay life's evil for treasure_ (tribute), 156; similarly, þâ fæhðe feó
+þingode, 470; ic þe þâ fæhðe feó leánige, 1381.
+
+ge-feohan, ge-feón, st. v. w. gen. and instr., _to enjoy one's self, to
+rejoice at something_: a) w. gen.: pret. sg. ne gefeah he þære fæhðe, 109;
+hilde gefeh, beado-weorces, 2299; pl. fylle gefægon, _enjoyed themselves at
+the bounteous repast_, 1015; þeódnes gefêgon, _rejoiced at_ (the return of)
+_the ruler_, 1628.--b) w. instr.: niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-mærðum, 828;
+secg weorce gefeh, 1570; sælâce gefeah, mägen-byrðenne þâra þe he him mid
+häfde, _rejoiced at the gift of the sea, and at the great burden of that_
+(Grendel's head and the sword-hilt) _which he had with him_, 1625.
+
+feoh-gift, -gyft, st. f., _bestowing of gifts_ or _treasures_: gen. sg.
+þære feoh-gyfte, 1026; dat. pl. ät feohgyftum, 1090; fromum feohgiftum,
+_with rich gifts_, 21.
+
+feoh-leás, adj., _that cannot be atoned for through gifts_: nom. sg. þät
+wäs feoh-leás gefeoht, _a deed of arms that cannot be expiated_ (the
+killing of his brother by Hæðcyn), 2442.
+
+ge-feoht, st. n., _combat; warlike deed_: nom. sg. (the killing of his
+brother by Hæðcyn), 2442; dat. sg. mêce þone þîn fader tô gefeohte bär,
+_the sword which thy father bore to the combat_, 2049.
+
+ge-feohtan, st. v., _to fight_: inf. w. acc. ne mehte ... wîg Hengeste wiht
+gefeohtan (_could by no means offer Hengest battle_), 1084.
+
+feohte, w. f., _combat_: acc. sg. feohtan, 576, 960. See were-fyhte.
+
+feor, adj., _far, remote_: nom. sg. nis þät feor heonon, 1362; näs him feor
+þanon tô gesêcanne sinces bryttan, 1922; acc. sg. feor eal (_all that is
+far, past_), 1702.
+
+feor, adv., _far, far away_: a) of space, 42, 109, 809, 1806, 1917; feor
+and (oððe) neáh, _far and (or) near_, 1222, 2871; feorr, 2267.--b) of time:
+ge feor hafað fæhðe gestæled (_has placed us under her enmity henceforth_),
+1341.
+
+Comparative, fyr, feorr, and feor: fyr and fästor, 143; fyr, 252; feorr,
+1989; feor, 542.
+
+feor-bûend, pt., _dwelling far away_: nom. pl. ge feor-bûend, 254.
+
+feor-cýð, st. f., _home of those living far away, distant land_: nom, pl.
+feor-cýððe beóð sêlran gesôhte þäm þe him selfa deáh, _foreign lands are
+better sought by him who trusts to his own ability_, 1839.
+
+feorh, ferh (Goth. fairhvu-s, _world_), st. m. and n., _life, principle of
+life, soul_: nom. sg. feorh, 2124; nô þon lange wäs feorh äðelinges flæsce
+bewunden, _not for much longer was the soul of the prince enveloped in the
+body_ (he was near death), 2425; ferh ellen wräc, _life expelled the
+strength_ (i.e. with the departing life the strength disappeared also),
+2707; acc. sg. feorh ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; feorh gehealdan, _preserve
+his life_, 2857; feorh âlegde, _gave up his life_, 852; similarly, ær he
+feorh seleð, 1371; feorh oðferede, _tore away her life_, 2142; ôð þät hie
+forlæddan tô þam lindplegan swæse gesîðas ond hyra sylfra feorh, _till in
+an evil hour they carried into battle their dear companions and their
+lives_ (i.e. led them to their death), 2041; gif þu þîn feorh hafast, 1850;
+ymb feorh sacan (_to fight for life_), 439; wäs in feorh dropen, _was
+wounded into his life_, i.e. mortally, 2982; wîdan feorh, as temporal acc.,
+_through a wide life_, i.e. always, 2015; dat. sg. feore, 1294, 1549; tô
+wîdan feore, _for a wide life_, i.e. at all times, 934; on swâ geongum
+feore (_at a so youthful age_), 1844; as instr., 578, 3014; gen. sg.
+feores, 1434, 1943; dat. pl. bûton ... feorum gumena, 73; freónda feorum,
+1307.--Also, _body, corpse_: þâ wäs heal hroden feónda feorum (_the hall
+was covered with the slain of the enemy_), 1153; gehwearf þâ in Francna
+fäðm feorh cyninges, _then the body of the king_ (Hygelâc) _fell into the
+power of the Franks_, 1211. --Comp. geogoð-feorh.
+
+feorh-bana, w. m., _(life-slayer), man-slayer, murderer_: dat. sg.
+feorh-bonan, 2466.
+
+feorh-ben, st. f., _wound that takes away life, mortal wound_: dat.
+(instr.) pl. feorh-bennum seóc, 2741.
+
+feorh-bealu, st. n., _evil destroying life, violent death_: nom. sg., 2078,
+2251, 2538; acc. sg., 156.
+
+feorh-cyn, st. n., _race of the living, mankind_: gen. pl. fela
+feorh-cynna, 2267.
+
+feorh-genîðla, w. m., _he who seeks life, life's enemy_ (N.H.G. Tod-feind),
+_mortal enemy_: acc. sg. -genîðlan, 1541; dat. sg. -genîðlan, 970; acc. sg.
+brægd feorh-genîðlan, 1541; acc. pl. folgode feorh-genîðlan, (Ongenþeów)
+_pursued his mortal enemies_, 2934.
+
+feorh-lagu, st. f., _the life allotted to anyone, life determined by fate_:
+acc. sg. on mâðma hord mine (mînne, MS.) bebohte frôde feorh-lege, _for the
+treasure-hoard I sold my old life_, 2801.
+
+feorh-lâst, st. m., _trace of (vanishing) life, sign of death _: acc. pl.
+feorh-lâstas bär, 847.
+
+feorh-seóc, adj., _mortally wounded_: nom. sg., 821.
+
+feorh-sweng, st. m., _(stroke robbing of life), fatal blow_: acc. sg.,
+2490.
+
+feorh-wund, st. f., _mortal wound, fatal injury_: acc. sg. feorh-wunde
+hleát, 2386.
+
+feorm, st. f., _subsistence, entertainment_: acc. sg. nô þu ymb mînes ne
+þearft lîces feorme leng sorgian, _thou needest no longer have care for the
+sustenance of my body_, 451.--2) _banquet_: dat. on feorme (or feorme,
+MS.), 2386.
+
+feormend-leás, adj., _wanting the. cleanser_: acc. pl. geseah ...
+fyrn-manna fatu feormend-leáse, 2762.
+
+feormian, w. v., _to clean, to cleanse, to polish_: pres. part. nom pl.
+feormiend swefað (feormynd, MS.), 2257.
+
+ge-feormian, w. v., _to feast, to eat_; pret. part. sôna häfde unlyfigendes
+eal gefeormod fêt and folma, 745.
+
+feorran, w. v., w. acc., _to remove_: inf. sibbe ne wolde wið manna hwone
+mägenes Deniga feorh-bealo feorran, feó þingian, (Grendel) _would not from
+friendship free any one of the men of the Danes of life's evil, nor allay
+it for tribute_, 156.
+
+feorran, adv., _from afar_: a) of space, 361, 430, 826, 1371, 1820, etc.;
+siððan äðelingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne, _when noble men afar
+learn of your flight_ (when the news of your flight reaches distant lands),
+2890; fêrdon folctogan feorran and neán, _from far and from near_, 840;
+similarly, neán and feorran þu nu [friðu] hafast, 1175; wäs þäs wyrmes wîg
+wîde gesýne ... neán and feorran, _visible from afar, far and near_,
+2318.--b) temporal: se þe cûðe frumsceaft fira feorran reccan (_since
+remote antiquity_), 91; similarly, feorran rehte, 2107.
+
+feorran-cund, adj., _foreign-born_: dat. sg. feorran-cundum, 1796.
+
+feor-weg, st. m., _far way_: dat. pl. mâdma fela of feorwegum, _many
+precious things from distant paths_ (from foreign lands), 37.
+
+ge-feón. See feohan.
+
+feónd, st. m., _enemy_: nom. sg., 164, 726, 749; feónd on helle (Grendel),
+101; acc. sg., 279, 1865, 2707; dat. sg. feónde, 143, 439; gen. sg.
+feóndes, 985, 2129, 2290; acc, pl. feónd, 699; dat. pl. feóndum, 420, 1670;
+gen. pl. feonda 294, 809, 904.
+
+feónd-grâp, st. f., _foe's clutch_: dat. (instr.) pl. feónd-grâpum fäst,
+637.
+
+feónd-sceaða, w. m., _one who is an enemy and a robber_: nom. sg. fâh
+feónd-scaða (_a hostile sea-monster_), 554.
+
+feónd-scipe, st. m., _hostility_: nom. sg., 3000.
+
+feówer, num., _four_: nom. feówer bearn, 59; feówer mearas, 2164; feówer,
+as substantive, 1638; acc. feówer mâðmas, 1028.
+
+feówer-tyne, num., _fourteen_: nom. with following gen. pl. feówertyne
+Geáta, 1642.
+
+findan, st. v., _to find, to invent, to attain_: a) with simple object in
+acc.: inf. þâra þe he cênoste findan mihte, 207; swylce hie at Finnes-hâm
+findan meahton sigla searo-gimma, 1157; similarly, 2871; mäg þær fela
+freónda findan, 1839; wolde guman findan, 2295; swâ hyt weorðlîcost
+fore-snotre men findan mihton, _so splendidly as only very wise men could
+devise it_, 3164; pret. sg. healþegnas fand, 720; word ôðer fand, _found
+other words_, i.e. went on to another narrative, 871; grimne gryrelîcne
+grund-hyrde fond, 2137; þät ic gôdne funde beága bryttan, 1487; pret. part.
+syððan ærest wearð feásceaft funden (_discovered_), 7.--b) with acc. and
+pred. adj.: pret. sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, 2790.--c) with acc. and
+inf.: pret. fand þâ þær inne äðelinga gedriht swefan, 118; fand wäccendne
+wer wîges bîdan, 1268; hord-wynne fond opene standan, 2271; ôð þät he
+fyrgen-beámas ... hleonian funde, 1416; pret. pl. fundon þâ sâwulleásne
+hlim-bed healdan, 3034.--d) with dependent clause: inf. nô þý ær feásceafte
+findan meahton ät þam äðelinge þät he Heardrêde hlâford wære (_could by no
+means obtain it from the prince_), 2374.
+
+on-findan, _to be sensible of, to perceive, to notice_: a) w. acc.: pret.
+sg. landweard onfand eftsîð eorla, _the coast-guard observed the return of
+the earls_, 1892; pret. part. þâ heó onfunden wäs (_was discovered_),
+1294.--b) w. depend, clause: pret. sg. þâ se gist onfand þät se beado-leóma
+bîtan nolde, _the stranger_ (Beówulf) _perceived that the sword would not
+cut_, 1523; sôna þät onfunde, þät ..., _immediately perceived that_...,
+751; similarly, 810, 1498.
+
+finger, st. m., _finger_: nom. pl. fingras, 761; acc. pl. fingras, 985;
+dat. (instr.) pl. fingrum, 1506; gen. pl. fingra, 765.
+
+firas, fyras (O.H.G. firahî, i.e. _the living_; cf. feorh), st. m., only in
+pl., _men_: gen. pl. fira, 91, 2742; monegum fira, 2002; fyra gehwylcne
+leóda mînra, 2251; fira fyrngeweorc, 2287.
+
+firen, fyren, st. f., _cunning waylaying, insidious hostility, malice,
+outrage_: nom. sg. fyren, 916; acc. sg. fyrene and fæhðe, 153; fæhðe and
+fyrene, 880, 2481; firen' ondrysne, 1933; dat. sg. fore fæhðe and fyrene,
+137; gen. pl. fyrena, 164, 629; and fyrene, 812; fyrena hyrde (of Grendel),
+751. The dat. pl., fyrenum, is used adverbially in the sense of
+_maliciously_, 1745, or _fallaciously_, with reference to Hæðcyn's killing
+Herebeald, which was done unintentionally, 2442.
+
+firen-dæd, st. f., _wicked deed_: acc. pl. fyren-dæda, 1670; instr. pl.
+fyren-dædum, 1002; both times of Grendel and his mother, with reference to
+their nocturnal inroads.
+
+firen-þearf, st. f., _misery through the malignity of enemies_: acc. sg.
+fyren-þearfe, 14.
+
+firgen-beám, st. m., _tree of a mountain-forest_: acc. pl. fyrgen-beámas,
+1415.
+
+firgen-holt, st. m., _mountain-wood, mountain-forest_: acc. sg. on
+fyrgen-holt, 1394.
+
+firgen-streám, st. m., _mountain-stream_: nom. sg. fyrgen-streám, 1360;
+acc. sg. under fyrgen-streám (marks the place where the mountain-stream,
+according to 1360, empties into Grendel's sea), 2129.
+
+fisc, st. m., _fish_: in comp. hron-, mere-fisc.
+
+fîf, num., _five_: uninflect. gen. fîf nihta fyrst, 545; acc. fîfe (?),
+420.
+
+fîfel-cyn (O.N. fîfl, stultus and gigas), st. n., _giant-race_: gen. sg.
+fîfelcynnes eard, 104.
+
+fîf-tene, fîf-tyne, num., _fifteen_: acc. fýftyne, 1583; gen. fîftena sum,
+207.
+
+fîf-tig, num., _fifty_: 1) as substantive with gen. following; acc. fîftig
+wintra, 2734; gen. se wäs fîftiges fôt-gemearces lang, 3043.--2) as
+adjective: acc. fîftig wintru, 2210.
+
+flân, st. m., _arrow_: dat. sg. flâne, 3120; as instr., 2439.
+
+flân-boga, w. m., _bow which shoots the flân, bow_: dat. sg. of flân-bogan,
+1434, 1745.
+
+flæsc, st. n., _flesh, body in contrast with soul_: instr. sg. nô þon lange
+wäs feorh äðelinges flæsce bewunden, _not much longer was the son of the
+prince contained in his body_, 2425.
+
+flæsc-hama, w. m., _clothing of flesh_, i.e. the body: acc. sg.
+flæsc-homan, 1569.
+
+flet, st. n.: 1) _ground, floor of a hall_: acc. sg. heó on flet gebeáh,
+_fell to the ground_, 1541; similarly, 1569.--2) _hall, mansion_: nom. sg.
+1977; acc. sg. flet, 1037, 1648, 1950, 2018, etc.; flett, 2035; þät hie him
+ôðer flet eal gerýmdon, _that they should give up entirely to them another
+hall_, 1087; dat. sg. on flette, 1026.
+
+flet-räst, st. f., _resting-place in the hall_: acc. sg. flet-räste gebeág,
+_reclined upon the couch in the hall_, 1242.
+
+flet-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_: acc. pl -sittende, 2023;
+dat. pl. -sittendum, 1789.
+
+flet-werod, st. n., _troop from the hall_: nom. sg., 476.
+
+fleám, st. m., _flight_: acc. sg. on fleám gewand, _had turned to flight_,
+1002; fleám eówerne, 2890.
+
+fleógan, st. v., _to fly_: prs. sg. III. fleógeð, 2274.
+
+fleón, st. v., _to flee_: inf. on heolster fleón, 756; fleón on fenhopu,
+765; fleón under fen-hleoðu, 821; pret. hete-swengeas fleáh, 2226.
+
+be-fleón, w. acc., _to avoid, to escape_: gerund nô þät ýðe byð tô
+befleónne, _that is not easy_ (i.e. not at all) _to be avoided_, 1004.
+
+ofer-fleón, w. acc., _to flee from one, to yield_: inf. nelle ic beorges
+weard oferfleón fôtes trem, _will not yield to the warder of the mountain_
+(the drake) _a foot's breadth_, 2526.
+
+fleótan, st. v., _to float upon the water, to swim_: inf. nô he wiht fram
+me flôd-ýðum feor fleótan meahte. hraðor on helme, _no whit, could he swim
+from me farther on the waves_ (regarded as instrumental, so that the waves
+marked the distance), _more swiftly in the sea_, 542; pret. sægenga fleát
+fâmigheals forð ofer ýðe, _floated away over the waves_, 1910.
+
+fliht. See flyht.
+
+flitme. See un-flitme.
+
+flîtan, st. v., _to exert one's self, to strive, to emulate_: pres. part.
+flîtende fealwe stræte mearum mæton (_rode a race_), 917; pret. sg. II.
+eart þu se Beówulf, se þe wið Brecan ... ymb sund flite, _art thou the
+Beówulf who once contended with Breca for the prize in swimming?_ 507.
+
+ofer-flîtan, _to surpass one in a contest, to conquer, to overcome_: pret.
+w. acc. he þe ät sunde oferflât (_overcome thee in a swimming-wager_), 517.
+
+ge-flît, st. n., _emulation_: acc. sg. lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas,
+_let the fallow horses go in emulation_, 866.
+
+floga, w. m., _flyer_; in the compounds: gûð-, lyft-, uht-, wîð-floga.
+
+flota (see fleótan), w. m., _float, ship, boat_: nom. sg., 210, 218, 301;
+acc. sg. flotan eówerne, 294.--Comp. wæg-flota.
+
+flot-here, st. m., _fleet_: instr. sg. cwom faran flotherge on Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+flôd, st. m., _flood, stream, sea-current_: nom. sg., 545, 580, 1362, etc.;
+acc. sg. flôd, 3134; ofer fealone flôd, 1951; dat. sg. tô flôde, 1889; gen.
+pl. flôda begong, _the region of floods_, i.e. the sea, 1498, 1827; flôda
+genipu, 2809.
+
+flôd-ýð, st. f., _flood-wave_: instr. pl. flôd-ýðum, 542.
+
+flôr, st. m., _floor, stone-floor_: acc. sg. on fâgne flôr (the floor was
+probably a kind of mosaic, made of colored flags), 726; dat. sg. gang þâ
+äfter flôre, _along the floor_ (i.e. along the hall), 1317.
+
+flyht, fliht, st. m., _flight_: nom. sg. gâres fliht, _flight of the
+spear_, 1766.
+
+ge-flýman, w. v., _to put to flight_: pret. part. geflýmed, 847, 1371.
+
+folc, st. n., _troop, band of warriors; folk_, in the sense of the whole
+body of the fighting men of a nation: acc. sg. folc, 522, 694, 912; Sûðdene
+folc, 464; folc and rîce, 1180; dat. sg. folce, 14, 2596; folce Deninga,
+465; as instr. folce gestepte ofer sæ sîde, _went with a band of warriors
+over the wide sea_, 2394; gen. sg. folces, 1125; folces Denigea, 1583.--The
+king is called folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2645, 2982; freáwine folces, 2358;
+or folces weard, 2514. The queen, folces cwên, 1933.--The pl., in the sense
+of _warriors, fighting men_: nom. pl. folc, 1423, 2949; dat. pl. folcum,
+55, 262, 1856; gen. pl. freó- (freá-) wine folca, _of the king_, 430, 2430;
+friðu-sibb folca, _of the queen_, 2018.--Comp. sige-folc.
+
+folc-âgend, pres. part., _leader of a band of warriors_: nom. pl.
+folc-âgende, 3114.
+
+folc-beorn, st. m., _man of the multitude, a common man_: nom. sg.
+folc-beorn, 2222.
+
+folc-cwên, st. f., _queen of a warlike host_: nom. sg., of Wealhþeów, 642.
+
+folc-cyning, st. m., _king of a warlike host_: nom. sg., 2734, 2874.
+
+folc-ræd, st. m, _what best serves a warlike host_: acc. sg., 3007.
+
+folc-riht, st. n., _the rights of the fighting men of a nation_: gen. pl.
+him ær forgeaf ... folcrihta gehwylc, swâ his fäder âhte, 2609.
+
+folc-scearu, st. f., _part of a host of warriors, nation_: dat. sg.
+folc-scare, 73.
+
+folc-stede, st. m., _position of a band of warriors, place where a band of
+warriors is quartered_: acc. sg. folcstede, of the hall, Heorot, 76;
+folcstede fâra (_the battle-field_), 1464.
+
+folc-toga, w. m., _leader of a body of warriors, duke_: nom. pl., powerful
+liege-men of Hrôðgâr are called folc-togan, 840.
+
+fold-bold, st. n., _earth-house_ (i.e. a house on earth in contrast with a
+dwelling in heaven): nom. sg. fäger fold-bold, of the hall, Heorot, 774.
+
+fold-bûend, pres. part. _dweller on earth, man_: nom. pl. fold-bûend, 2275;
+fold-bûende, 1356; dat. pl. fold-bûendum, 309.
+
+folde, w. f., _earth, ground_: acc. sg. under foldan, 1362; feóll on
+foldan, 2976; gen. sg. foldan bearm, _the bosom of the earth_, 1138; foldan
+sceátas, 96; foldan fäðm, 1394.--Also, _earth, world_: dat. sg. on foldan,
+1197.
+
+fold-weg, st. m., _field-way, road through the country_: acc. sg. fold-weg,
+1634; acc. pl. fold-wegas, 867.
+
+folgian, w. v.: 1) _to perform vassal-duty, to serve, to follow_: pret. pl.
+þeáh hie hira beággyfan banan folgedon, _although they followed the
+murderer of their prince_, 1103.--2) _to pursue, to follow after_: folgode
+feorh-genîðlan (acc. pl.) 2934.
+
+folm, st. f, _hand_: acc. sg. folme, 971, 1304; dat. sg. mid folme, 743;
+acc. pl. fêt and folma, _feet and hands_, 746; dat. pl. tô banan folmum,
+158; folmum (instr.), 723, 993.--Comp.: beado-, gearo-folm.
+
+for, prep. w. dat., instr., and acc.: 1) w. dat. local, _before_, ante: þät
+he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, 358; for hlâwe, 1121.--b) _before_,
+coram, in conspectu: no he þære feohgyfte for sceótendum scamigan þorfte,
+_had no need to be ashamed of the gift before the warriors_, 1027; for þäm
+werede, 1216; for eorlum, 1650; for duguðe, _before the noble band of
+warriors_, 2021.--Causal, a) to denote a subjective motive, _on account of,
+through, from_: for wlenco, _from bravery, through warlike courage_, 338,
+1207; for wlence, 508; for his wonhýdum, 434; for onmêdlan, 2927, etc.--b)
+objective, partly denoting a cause, _through, from, by reason of_: for
+metode, _for the creator, on account of the creator_, 169; for þreánýdum,
+833; for þreánêdlan, 2225; for dolgilpe, _on account of, in accordance with
+the promise of bold deeds_ (because you claimed bold deeds for yourself),
+509; him for hrôfsele hrînan ne mehte fær-gripe flôdes, _on account of the
+roofed hall the malicious grasp of the flood could not reach him_, 1516;
+lîg-egesan wäg for horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the treasure_,
+2782; for mundgripe mînum, _on account of, through the gripe of my hand_,
+966; for þäs hildfruman hondgeweorce, 2836; for swenge, _through the
+stroke_, 2967; ne meahte ... deóp gedýgan for dracan lêge, _could not hold
+out in the deep on account of the heat of the drake_, 2550. Here may be
+added such passages as ic þäm gôdan sceal for his môdþräce mâðmas beódan,
+_will offer him treasures on account of his boldness of character, for his
+high courage_, 385; ful-oft for lässan leán teohhode, _gave often reward
+for what was inferior_, 952; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not uneasy about
+his life_, 1443; similarly, 1538. Also denoting purpose: for ârstafum, _to
+the assistance_, 382, 458.--2) w. instr. causal, _because of, for_: he hine
+feor forwräc for þý mane, 110.--3) w. acc., _for, as, instead of_: for sunu
+freógan, _love as a son_, 948; for sunu habban, 1176; ne him þäs wyrmes wîg
+for wiht dyde, _held the drake's fighting as nothing_, 2349.
+
+foran, adv., _before, among the first, forward_: siððan ... sceáwedon
+feóndes fingras, foran æghwylc (_each before himself_), 985; þät wäs ân
+foran ealdgestreóna, _that was one among the first of the old treasures_,
+i.e. a splendid old treasure, 1459; þe him foran ongeán linde bæron, _bore
+their shields forward against him_ (went out to fight against him), 2365.
+
+be-foran: 1) adv., local, _before_: he ... beforan gengde, _went before_,
+1413; temporal, _before, earlier_, 2498.--2) prep. w. acc. _before_, in
+conspectu: mære mâððum-sweord manige gesâwon beforan beorn beran, 1025.
+
+ford, st. m., _ford, water-way_: acc. sg. ymb brontne ford, 568.
+
+forð: 1) local, _forth, hither, near_: forð near ätstôp, _approached
+nearer_, 746; þâ cwom Wealhþeó forð gân, 1163; similarly, 613; him seleþegn
+forð wîsade, _led him_ (Beówulf) _forth_ (to the couch that had been
+prepared for him in Heorot), 1796; þät him swât sprong forð under fexe,
+_forth under the hair of his head_, 2968. _Forward, further_: gewîtað forð
+beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; he tô forð gestôp, 2290; freoðo-wong þone forð
+ofereodon, 2960. _Away, forth_, 45, 904; fyrst forð gewât, _the time_ (of
+the way to the ship) _was out_, i.e. they had arrived at the ship, 210; me
+... forð-gewitenum, _to me the departed_, 1480; fêrdon forð, _went forth_
+(from Grendel's sea), 1633; þonne he forð scile, _when he must (go) forth_,
+i.e. die, 3178; hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men forð gefremede, _carried
+him forth, over all men_, 1719.--2) temporal, _forth, from now on_: heald
+forð tela niwe sibbe, 949; ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, _shall
+from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2070. See furðum and furðor.
+
+forð-gerîmed, pres. part., _in unbroken succession_, 59.
+
+forð-gesceaft, st. f., _that which is determined for farther on, future
+destiny_: acc. sg. he þâ forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgýmeð, 1751.
+
+forð-weg, st. m., _road that leads away, journey_: he of ealdre gewât frôd
+on forð-weg (_upon the way to the next world_), 2626.
+
+fore, prep. w. dat., local, _before_, coram, in conspectu: heó fore þäm
+werede spräc, 1216. Causal, _through, for, because of_: nô mearn fore fæhðe
+and fyrene, 136; fore fäder dædum, _because of the father's deeds_,
+2060,--Allied to this is the meaning, _about_, de, super: þær wäs sang and
+swêg samod ätgädere fore Healfdenes hildewîsan, _song and music about
+Healfdene's general_ (the song of Hnäf), 1065.
+
+fore-mære, adj., _renowned beyond (others)_, præclarus: superl. þät wäs
+fore-mærost foldbûendum receda under roderum, 309.
+
+fore-mihtig, adj., _able beyond (others)_, præpotens: nom. sg. wäs tô
+foremihtig feónd on fêðe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (could flee
+too rapidly), 970.
+
+fore-snotor, adj., _wise beyond (others)_, sapientissimus: nom. pl.
+foresnotre men, 3164.
+
+fore-þanc, st. m., _forethought, consideration, deliberation_: nom. sg.,
+1061.
+
+forht, adj., _fearful, cowardly_: nom. sg. forht, 2968; he on môde wearð
+forht on ferhðe, 755.--Comp. unforht.
+
+forma, adj., _foremost, first_: nom. sg. forma sîð (_the first time_), 717,
+1464, 1528, 2626; instr. sg. forman sîðe, 741, 2287; forman dôgore, 2574.
+
+fyrmest, adv. superl., _first of all, in the first place_: he fyrmest läg,
+2078.
+
+forst, st. m., _frost, cold_: gen. sg. forstes bend, 1610.
+
+for-þam, for-þan, for-þon, adv. and conj., _therefore, on that account,
+then_: forþam, 149; forþan, 418, 680, 1060; forþon þe, _because_, 503.
+
+fôn, st. v., _to catch, to grasp, to take hold, to take_: prs. sg. III.
+fêhð ôðer tô, _another lays hold_ (takes possession), 1756; inf. ic mid
+grâpe sceal fôn wið feónde, 439; pret. sg. him tôgeánes fêng, _caught at
+him, grasped at him_, 1543; w. dat. he þâm frätwum fêng, _received the rich
+adornments_ (Ongenþeów's equipment), 2990.
+
+be-fôn, _to surround, to ensnare, to encompass, to embrace_: pret. part.
+hyne sâr hafað ... nearwe befongen balwon bendum, 977; heó äðelinga ânne
+häfde fäste befangen (_had seized him firmly_), 1296; helm ... befongen
+freáwrâsnum (_encircled by an ornament like a diadem_), 1452; fenne
+bifongen, _surrounded by the fen_, 2010; (draca) fýre befongen, _encircled
+by fire_, 2275, 2596; häfde landwara lîge befangen, _encompassed by fire_,
+2322.
+
+ge-fôn, w. acc., _to seize, to grasp_: pret. he gefêng slæpendne rinc, 741;
+gûðrinc gefêng atolan clommum, 1502; gefêng þâ be eaxle ... Gûðgeáta leód
+Grendles môdor, 1538; gefêng þâ fetelhilt, 1564; hond rond gefêng, geolwe
+linde, 2610; ic on ôfoste gefêng micle mid mundum mägen-byrðenne, _hastily
+I seized with my hands the enormous burden_, 3091.
+
+on-fôn, w. dat., _to receive, to accept, to take_: pres. imp. sg. onfôh
+þissum fulle, _accept this cup_, 1170; inf. þät þät þeódnes bearn ...
+scolde fäder-äðelum onfôn, _receive the paternal rank_, 912; pret. sg. hwâ
+þäm hläste onfêng, _who received the ship's lading_, 52; hleór-bolster
+onfêng eorles andwlitan, _the pillow received the nobleman's face_, 689;
+similarly, 853, 1495; heal swêge onfêng, _the hall received the loud
+noise_, 1215; he onfêng hraðe inwit-þancum, _he_ (Beówulf) _at once
+clutched him_ (Grendel) _devising malice_, 749.
+
+þurh-fôn, w. acc., _to break through with grasping, to destroy by
+grasping_: inf. þät heó þone fyrd-hom þurh-fôn ne mihte, 1505.
+
+wið-fôn, w. dat., _(to grasp at), to seize, to lay hold of_: pret. sg. him
+fäste wið-fêng, 761.
+
+ymbe-fôn, w. acc., _to encircle_: pret. heals ealne ymbefêng biteran bânum,
+_encircled his_ (Beówulf's) _whole neck with sharp bones_ (teeth), 2692.
+
+fôt, st. m., _foot_: gen. sg. fôtes trem (_the measure of a foot, a foot
+broad_), 2526; acc. pl. fêt, 746; dat. pl. ät fôtum, _at the feet_, 500,
+1167.
+
+fôt-gemearc, st. n., _measure, determining by feet, number of feet_: gen.
+sg. se wäs fîftiges fôtgemearces lang (_fifty feet long_), 3043.
+
+fôt-lâst, st. m., _foot-print_: acc. sg. (draca) onfand feóndes fôt-lâst,
+2290.
+
+fracod, adj., _objectionable, useless_. nom. sg. näs seó ecg fracod
+hilde-rince, 1576.
+
+fram, from, I. prep. w. dat. loc. _away from something_: þær fram sylle
+âbeág medubenc monig, 776, 1716; þanon eft gewiton ealdgesîðas ... fram
+mere, 856; cyning-balde men from þäm holmclife hafelan bæron, 1636;
+similarly, 541, 543, 2367. Standing after the dat.: he hine feor forwräc
+... mancynne fram, 110; similarly, 1716. Also, _hither from something_: þâ
+ic cwom ... from feóndum, 420; æghwäðrum wäs ... brôga fram ôðrum,
+2566.--Causal with verbs of saying and hearing, _of, about, concerning_:
+sägdest from his sîðe, 532; nô ic wiht fram þe swylcra searo-nîða secgan
+hýrde, 581; þät he fram Sigemunde secgan hyrde, 876. II adv., _away,
+thence_: nô þý ær fram meahte, 755; _forth, out_: from ærest cwom oruð
+aglæcean ût of stâne, _the breath of the dragon came forth first from the
+rock_ 2557.
+
+fram, from, adj.: 1) _directed forwards, striving forwards_; in comp.
+sîð-fram.--2) _excellent, splendid_, of a man with reference to his warlike
+qualities: nom. sg. ic eom on môde from, 2528; nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477. Of things: instr. pl. fromum feoh-giftum, 21.--Comp. un-from;
+see freme, forma.
+
+ge-frägen. See frignan.
+
+frätwe, st. f. pl., _ornament, anything costly_, originally _carved
+objects_ (cf. Dietrich in Hpts. Ztschr. X. 216 ff.), afterwards of any
+costly and artistic work: acc. pl. frätwe, 2920; beorhte frätwe, 214;
+beorhte frätwa, 897; frätwe.. eorclan-stânas, 1208; frätwe,...
+breóst-weorðunge, 2504, both times of Hygelâc's collar; frätwe and
+fät-gold, 1922; frätwe (Eanmund's sword and armor), 2621; dat. instr. pl.
+þâm frätwum, 2164; on frätewum, 963; frätwum (Heaðobeard sword) hrêmig,
+2055; frätwum, of the drake's treasures, 2785; frätwum (Ongenþeów's armor),
+2990; gen. pl. fela ... frätwa, 37; þâra frätwa (drake's treasure), 2795;
+frätwa hyrde (drake), 3134.
+
+frätwan, w. v., _to supply with ornaments, to adorn_: inf. folc-stede
+frätwan, 76.
+
+ge-frätwian, w. v., _to adorn_: pret. sg. gefrätwade foldan sceátas leomum
+and leáfum, 96; pret. part. þâ wäs hâten Heort innanweard folmum gefrätwod,
+993.
+
+ge-fræge, adj., _known by reputation, renowned_: nom. sg. leód-cyning ...
+folcum gefræge, 55; swâ hyt gefræge wäs, 2481.
+
+ge-fræge, st. n., _information through hearsay_: instr. sg. mine gefræge
+(_as I learned through the narrative of others_), 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ge-frægnian, w. v., _to become known through hearsay_: pret. part. fylle
+gefrægnod (of Grendel's mother, who had become known through the carrying
+off of Äschere), 1334?
+
+freca, w. m., properly _a wolf_, as one that breaks in, robs; here a
+designation of heroes: nom. sg. freca Scildinga, of Beówulf, 1564.--Comp.:
+gûð-, hilde-, scyld-, sweord-, wîg-freca; ferð-frec (adj.).
+
+fremde, adj., properly _distant, foreign_; then _estranged, hostile_: nom
+sg. þät wäs fremde þeód êcean dryhtne, of the giants, 1692.
+
+freme, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. fem. fremu folces cwên, of
+Þryðo, 1933(?).
+
+fremman, w. v., _to press forward, to further_, hence: 1) in general, _to
+perform, to accomplish, to do, to make_: pres. subj. without an object,
+fremme se þe wille, _let him do (it) whoever will_, 1004. With acc.: imp.
+pl. fremmað ge nu leóda þearfe, 2801; inf. fyrene fremman, 101; säcce
+fremman, 2500; fæhðe ... mærðum fremman, 2515, etc.; pret. sg. folcræd
+fremede (_did what was best for his men_, i.e. ruled wisely), 3007; pl. hû
+þâ äðelingas ellen fremedon, 3; feohtan fremedon, 960; nalles fâcenstafas
+... þenden fremedon, 1020; pret. subj. þät ic ... mærðo fremede, 2135. --2)
+_to help on, to support_: inf. þät he mec fremman wile wordum and worcum
+(to an expedition), 1833.
+
+ge-fremman, w. acc., _to do, to make, to render_: inf. gefremman eorlîc
+ellen, 637; helpan gefremman, _to give help_, 2450; äfter weáspelle wyrpe
+gefremman, _to work a change after sorrow_ (to give joy after sorrow),
+1316; gerund, tô gefremmanne, 174, 2645; pret. sg. gefremede, 135, 165,
+551, 585, etc.; þeáh þe hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men forð gefremede,
+_placed him away, above all men_, i.e. raised him, 1719; pret. pl.
+gefremedon, 1188, 2479; pret. subj. gefremede, 177; pret. part. gefremed,
+476; fem, nu scealc hafað ... dæd gefremede, 941; absolutely, þu þe self
+hafast dædum gefremed, þät ..., _hast brought it about by thy deeds that_,
+955.
+
+fretan, st. v., _to devour, to consume_: inf. þâ (the precious things)
+sceal brond fretan, 3015; nu sceal glêd fretan wîgena strengel, 3115; pret.
+sg. (Grendel) slæpende frät folces Denigea fýftyne men, 1582.
+
+frêcne, adj., _dangerous, bold_: nom. sg. frêcne fýr-draca, 2690;
+feorh-bealo frêcne, 2251, 2538; acc. sg. frêcne dæde, 890; frêcne fengelâd,
+1360; frêcne stôwe, 1379; instr. sg. frêcnan spræce (_through provoking
+words_), 1105.
+
+frêcne, adv., _boldly, audaciously_, 960, 1033, 1692.
+
+freá, w. m., _ruler, lord_, of a temporal ruler: nom. sg. freá, 2286; acc.
+sg. freán, 351, 1320, 2538, 3003, 3108; gen. sg. freán, 359, 500, 1167,
+1681; dat. sg. freán, 271, 291, 2663. Of a husband: dat. sg. eode ... tô
+hire freán sittan, 642. Of God: dat. sg. freán ealles, _the Lord of all_,
+2795; gen. sg. freán, 27.-- Comp.: âgend-, lîf-, sin-freá.
+
+freá-dryhten, st. m., _lord, ruling lord_: gen. sg. freá-drihtnes, 797.
+
+freá-wine, st. m., _lord and friend, friendly ruler_: nom. sg. freá-wine
+folces (folca), 2358, 2430; acc. sg. his freá-wine, 2439.
+
+freá-wrâsn, st. f., _encircling ornament like a diadem_: instr. pl. helm
+... befongen freáwrâsnum, 1452; see wrâsn.
+
+freoðu, friðu, f., _protection, asylum, peace_: acc. sg. wel bið þäm þe môt
+... tô fäder fäðmum freoðo wilnian, _who may obtain an asylum in God's
+arms_, 188; neán and feorran þu nu [friðu] hafast, 1175.--Comp. fen-freoðo.
+
+freoðo-burh, st. f., _castle, city affording protection_: acc. sg.
+freoðoburh fägere, 522.
+
+freoðo-wong, st. m., _field of peace, field of protection_: acc. sg., 2960;
+seems to have been the proper name of a field.
+
+freoðo-wær, st. f., _peace-alliance, security of peace_: acc. sg. þâ hie
+getrûwedon on twâ healfa fäste frioðu-wære, 1097; gen. sg. frioðowære bäd
+hlâford sînne, _entreated his lord for the protection of peace_ (i.e. full
+pardon for his delinquency), 2283.
+
+freoðo-webbe, w. f., _peace-weaver_, designation of the royal consort
+(often one given in marriage as a confirmation of a peace between two
+nations): nom. sg., 1943.
+
+freó-burh, st. f., = freá-burg (?), _ruler's castle_ (?) (according to
+Grein, arx ingenua): acc. sg. freóburh, 694.
+
+freód, st. f., _friendship_: acc. sg. freóde ne woldon ofer heafo healdan,
+2477; gen. sg. näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, _was no longer time to
+seek for friendship_, 2557; --_favor, acknowledgement_: acc. sg. ic þe
+sceal mîne gelæstan freóde (_will show myself grateful_, with reference to
+1381 ff.), 1708.
+
+freó-dryhten (= freá-dryhten), st. m., _lord, ruler_; according to Grein,
+dominus ingenuus vel nobilis: nom. sg. as voc. freó-drihten min! 1170; dat.
+sg. mid his freó-dryhtne, 2628.
+
+freógan, w. v., _to love; to think of lovingly_: pres. subj. þät mon his
+wine-dryhten ... ferhðum freóge, 3178; inf. nu ic þec ... me for sunu wylle
+freógan on ferhðe, 949.
+
+freó-lîc, adj., _free, free-born_ (here of the lawful wife in contrast with
+the bond concubine): nom. sg. freólîc wîf, 616; freólîcu folc-cwên, 642.
+
+freónd, st. m., _friend_: acc. sg. freónd, 1386, 1865; dat. pl. freóndum,
+916, 1019, 1127; gen. pl. freónda, 1307, 1839.
+
+freónd-laðu, st. f., _friendly invitation_: nom. sg. him wäs ful boren and
+freónd-laðu (_friendly invitation to drink_) wordum bewägned, 1193.
+
+freónd-lâr, st. f., _friendly counsel_: dat. (instr.) pl. freónd-lârum,
+2378.
+
+freónd-lîce, adv., _in a friendly manner, kindly_: compar. freónd-lîcor,
+1028.
+
+freónd-scipe, st. m., _friendship_: acc. sg. freónd-scipe fästne, 2070.
+
+freó-wine, st. m. (see freáwine), _lord and friend, friendly ruler_;
+according to Grein, amicus nobilis, princeps amicus: nom. sg. as voc.
+freó-wine folca! 430.
+
+fricgean, w. v., _to ask, to inquire into_: inf. ongan sînne geseldan fägre
+fricgean hwylce Sæ-Geáta sîðas wæron, 1986; pres. part, gomela Scilding
+fela fricgende feorran rehte, _the old Scilding, asking many questions_
+(having many things related to him), _told of old times_ (the conversation
+was alternate), 2107.
+
+ge-fricgean, _to learn, to learn by inquiry_: pres. pl. syððan hie
+ge-fricgeað freán ûserne ealdorleásne, _when they learn that our lord is
+dead_, 3003; pres. subj. gif ic þät gefricge, þät..., 1827; pl. syððan
+äðelingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne, 2890.
+
+friclan (see freca), w. v. w. gen., _to seek, to desire, to strive for_:
+inf. näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, 2557.
+
+friðo-sib, st. f., _kin for the confirming of peace_, designation of the
+queen (see freoðo--webbe), _peace-bringer_: nom. sg. friðu-sibb folca,
+2018.
+
+frignan, fringan, frinan, st. v., _to ask, to inquire_: imp. ne frin þu
+äfter sælum, _ask not after the well-being!_ 1323; inf. ic þäs wine Deniga
+frinan wille ... ymb þînne sîð, 351; pret. sg. frägn, 236, 332; frägn gif
+..., _asked whether_ ..., 1320.
+
+ge-frignan, ge-fringan, ge-frinan, _to find out by inquiry, to learn by
+narration._ pret. sg. (w. acc.) þät fram hâm gefrägn Higelâces þegn
+Grendles dæda, 194; nô ic gefrägn heardran feohtan, 575; (w. acc. and inf.)
+þâ ic wîde gefrägn weorc gebannan, 74; similarly, 2485, 2753, 2774; ne
+gefrägen ic þâ mægðe mâran weorode ymb hyra sincgyfan sêl gebæran, _I never
+heard that any people, richer in warriors, conducted itself better about
+its chief_, 1012; similarly, 1028; pret. pl. (w. acc.) we þeódcyninga þrym
+gefrunon, 2; (w. acc. and inf.) geongne gûðcyning gôdne gefrunon hringas
+dælan, 1970; (parenthetical) swâ guman gefrungon, 667, (after þonne)
+medo-ärn micel (_greater_) ... þone yldo bearn æfre gefrunon, 70; pret.
+part. häfde Higelâces hilde gefrunen, 2953; häfdon gefrunen þät..., _had
+learned that_ ..., 695; häfde gefrunen hwanan sió fæhð ârâs, 2404;
+healsbeága mæst þâra þe ic on foldan gefrägen häbbe, 1197.
+
+from, See fram.
+
+frôd, adj.: 1) ætate provectus, _old, gray_: nom. sg. frôd, 2626, 2951;
+frôd cyning, 1307, 2210; frôd folces weard, 2514; wintrum frôd, 1725, 2115,
+2278; se frôda, 2929; ac. sg. frôde feorhlege (_the laying down of my old
+life_), 2801; dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan (may also, from its meaning, belong
+under No. 2), 2124.--2) mente excellentior, _intelligent, experienced,
+wise_: nom. sg. frôd, 1367; frôd and gôd, 279; on môde frôd, 1845.--Comp.:
+in-, un-frôd.
+
+frôfor, st. f., _consolation, compensation, help_: nom. sg. frôfor, 2942;
+acc. sg. frôfre, 7, 974; fyrena frôfre, 629; frôfre and fultum, 1274;
+frôfor and fultum, 699; dat. sg. tô frôfre, 14, 1708; gen. sg. frôfre, 185.
+
+fruma (see forma), w. m., _the foremost_, hence: l) _beginning_: nom. sg.
+wäs se fruma egeslîc leódum on lande, swâ hyt lungre wearð on hyra
+sincgifan sâre geendod (_the beginning of the dragon-combat was terrible,
+its end distressing through the death of Beówulf_), 2310.--2) _he who
+stands first, prince_; in comp. dæd-, hild-, land-, leód-, ord-, wîg-fruma.
+
+frum-cyn, st. n., (genus primitivum), _descent, origin_: acc. sg. nu ic
+eówer sceal frumcyn witan, 252.
+
+frum-gâr, st. m., primipilus, _duke, prince_: dat. sg. frumgâre (of
+Beówulf), 2857.
+
+frum-sceaft, st. f., prima creatio, _beginning_: acc. sg. se þe cûðe
+frumsceaft fira feorran reccan, _who could tell of the beginning of mankind
+in old times_, 91; dat. sg. frum-sceafte, _in the beginning_, i.e at his
+birth, 45.
+
+fugol, st. m., _bird_: dat. sg. fugle gelîcost, 218; dat. pl. [fuglum] tô
+gamene, 2942.
+
+ful, adj., _full, filled_: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. se wäs innan full wrätta
+and wîra, 2413.--Comp.: eges-, sorh-, weorð-ful.
+
+ful, adv., plene, _very_: ful oft, 480; ful-oft, 952.
+
+ful, st. n., _cup, beaker_: nom. sg., 1193; acc. sg. ful, 616, 629, 1026;
+ofer ýða ful, _over the cup of the waves_ (the basin of the sea filled with
+waves), 1209; dat. sg. onfôh þissum fulle, 1170.--Comp.: medo-, sele-full.
+
+fullæstian, w. v. w. dat, _to give help_: pres. sg. ic þe fullæstu, 2669.
+
+fultum, st. m., _help, support, protection_: acc. sg. frôfor (frôfre) and
+fultum, 699, 1274; mägenes fultum, 1836; on fultum, 2663.--Comp.
+mägen-fultum.
+
+fundian, w. v., _to strive, to have in view_: pres. pl. we fundiað Higelâc
+sêcan, 1820; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, 1138.
+
+furðum, adv., primo, _just, exactly; then first_: þâ ic furðum weóld folce
+Deninga, _then first governed the people of the Danes_ (had just assumed
+the government), 465; þâ hie tô sele furðum ... gangan cwômon, 323; ic þær
+furðum cwom tô þam hringsele, 2010;--_before, previously_: ic þe sceal mîne
+gelæstan freóde, swâ wit furðum spræcon, 1708.
+
+furður, adv., _further, forward, more distant_, 254, 762, 3007.
+
+fûs, adj., _inclined to, favorable, ready_: nom. sg. nu ic eom sîðes fûs,
+1476; leófra manna fûs, _prepared for the dear men_, i.e. expecting them,
+1917; sigel sûðan fûs, _the sun inclined from the south_ (midday sun),
+1967; se wonna hrefn fûs ofer fægum, _eager over the slain_, 3026; sceft
+... feðer-gearwum fûs, 3120; nom. pl. wæron ... eft to leódum fûse tô
+farenne, 1806.--Sometimes fûs means _ready for death_, moribundus: fûs and
+fæge, 1242.--Comp.: hin-, ût-fûs.
+
+fûs-lîc, adj., _prepared, ready_: acc. sg. fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leóð, 1425;
+fyrd-searo fûs-lîc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûs-lîcu, 232.
+
+fyl, st. m., _fall_: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, _the fall of the king_ (in the
+dragon-fight), 2913; dat. sg. þät he on fylle wearð, _that he came to a
+fall, fell_, 1545.--Comp. hrâ-fyl.
+
+fylce (collective form from folc), st. n., _troop, band of warriors_: in
+comp. äl-fylce.
+
+ge-fyllan (see feal), w. v., _to fell, to slay in battle_: inf. fâne
+gefyllan, _to slay the enemy_, 2656; pret. pl. feónd gefyldan, _they had
+slain the enemy_, 2707.
+
+â-fyllan (see ful), w. v., _to fill_: pret. part. Heorot innan wäs freóndum
+âfylled (_was filled with trusted men_), 1019.
+
+fyllo, st. f. (_plenty, abundant meal_: dat. (instr.) sg. fylle gefrægnod,
+1334; gen. sg. näs hie þære fylle gefeán häfdon, 562; fylle gefægon,
+1015.--Comp.: wäl-, wist-fyllo.
+
+fyl-wêrig, adj., _weary enough to fall, faint to death_, moribundus: acc.
+sg. fyl-wêrigne, 963.
+
+fyr. See feor.
+
+fyrian, w. v. w. acc. (= ferian) _to bear, to bring, carry_: pret. pl. þâ
+þe gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon þyder tô þance, 378.
+
+fyras. See firas.
+
+fyren. See firen.
+
+fyrde, adj., _movable, that can be moved_.--Comp. hard-fyrde.--Leo.
+
+fyrd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade on an expedition, companion in battle_:
+dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874
+
+fyrd-ham, st. m., _war-dress, coat of mail_: acc. sg. þone fyrd-hom, 1505.
+
+fyrd-hrägl, st. n., _coat of mail, war-dress_: acc. sg. fyrd-hrägl, 1528.
+
+fyrd-hwät, adj., _sharp, good in war, warlike_: nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477.
+
+fyrd-leóð, st. n., _war-song, warlike music_: acc. sg. horn stundum song
+fûslîc f[yrd]leoð, 1425.
+
+fyrd-searu, st. n., _equipment for an expedition_: acc. sg. fyrd-searu
+fûslîc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûslîcu, 232.
+
+fyrd-wyrðe, adj., _of worth in war, excellent in battle_: nom. sg.
+fyrd-wyrðe man (Beówulf), 1317.
+
+ge-fyrðran (see forð), w. v., _to bring forward, to further_: pret. part.
+âr wäs on ôfoste, eftsîðes georn, frätwum gefyrðred, _he was hurried
+forward by the treasure_ (i.e. after he had gathered up the treasure, he
+hasted to return, so as to be able to show it to the mortally-wounded
+Beówulf), 2785.
+
+fyrmest. See forma.
+
+fyrn-dagas, st. m. pl., _by-gone days_: dat. pl. fyrndagum (_in old
+times_), 1452.
+
+fyrn-geweorc, st. n., _work, something done in old times_: acc. sg. fira
+fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in 2283), 2287.
+
+fyrn-gewin, st. n., _combat in ancient times_: gen. sg. ôr fyrn-gewinnes
+(_the origin of the battles of the giants_), 1690.
+
+fyrn-man, st. m., _man of ancient times_: gen. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, 2762.
+
+fyrn-wita, w. m., _counsellor ever since ancient times, adviser for many
+years_: dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan, of Äschere, 2124.
+
+fyrst, st. m., _portion of time, definite time, time_: nom. sg. näs hit
+lengra fyrst, ac ymb âne niht ..., 134; fyrst forð gewât, _the time_ (of
+going to the harbor) _was past_, 210; näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan,
+2556; acc. sg. niht-longne fyrst, 528; fîf nihta fyrst, 545; instr. sg. þý
+fyrste, 2574; dat. sg. him on fyrste gelomp ..., _within the fixed time_,
+76.
+
+fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt, st. n., _prying spirit, curiosity_: nom. sg. fyrwyt,
+232; fyrwet, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-fýsan (fûs), w. v., _to make ready, to prepare_: part. winde gefýsed
+flota, _the ship provided with wind_ (for the voyage), 217; (wyrm) fýre
+gefýsed, _provided with fire_, 2310; þâ wäs hringbogan (of the drake)
+heorte gefýsed säcce tô sêceanne, 2562; with gen., in answer to the
+question, for what? gûðe gefýsed, _ready for battle, determined to fight_,
+631.
+
+fýr, st. n., _fire_: nom. sg., 1367, 2702, 2882; dat. sg. fýre, 2220; as
+instr. fýre, 2275, 2596; gen. sg. fýres fäðm, 185; fýres feng, 1765.--
+Comp.: âd-, bæl-, heaðu-, wäl-fýr.
+
+fýr-bend, st. m., _band forged in fire_: dat. pl. duru ... fýr-bendum fäst,
+723.
+
+fýr-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon_: nom. sg., 2690.
+
+fýr-heard, adj., _hard through fire, hardened in fire_: nom. pl. (eoforlîc)
+fâh and fýr-heard, 305.
+
+fýr-leóht, st. n., _fire-light_: acc. sg., 1517.
+
+fýr-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire, flame-wave_: dat. pl. wyrm ... fýrwylmum
+fâh, 2672.
+
+
+G
+
+galan, st. v., _to sing, to sound_: pres. sg. sorh-leóð gäleð, 2461; inf.
+gryre-leóð galan, 787; bearhtm ongeâton, gûðhorn galan, _heard the clang,
+the battle-trumpet sound_, 1433.
+
+â-galan, _to sing, to sound_: pret. sg. þät hire on hafelan hringmæl âgôl
+grædig gûðleóð, _that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound upon
+her head_, 1522.
+
+gamban, or, according to Bout., gambe, w. f., _tribute, interest_: acc. sg.
+gomban gyldan, 11.
+
+gamen, st. n., _social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings_: nom. sg. gamen,
+1161; gomen, 2460; gomen gleóbeámes, _the pleasure of the harp_, 2264; acc.
+sg. gamen and gleódreám, 3022; dat. sg. gamene, 2942; gomene, 1776.--Comp.
+heal-gamen.
+
+gamen-wâð, st. f., _way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
+society_: dat. sg. of gomen-wâðe, 855.
+
+gamen-wudu, st. m., _wood of social enjoyment_, i.e. harp: nom. sg. þær wäs
+... gomenwudu grêted, 1066; acc. sg. gomenwudu grêtte, 2109.
+
+gamol, gomol, gomel, adj., _old_; of persons, _having lived many years,
+gray_: gamol, 58, 265; gomol, 3096; gomel, 2113, 2794; se gomela, 1398;
+gamela (gomela) Scylding, 1793, 2106; gomela, 2932; acc. sg. þone gomelan,
+2422; dat. sg. gamelum rince, 1678; gomelum ceorle, 2445; þam gomelan,
+2818; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele, 1596.--Also, _late, belonging to former
+time_: gen. pl. gomelra lâfe (_legacy_), 2037.--Of things, _old, from old
+times_: nom. sg. sweord ... gomol, 2683; acc. sg. gomele lâfe, 2564; gomel
+swyrd, 2611; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.
+
+gamol-feax, adj., _with gray hair_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gang, st. m.: 1) _gait, way_: dat. sg. on gange, 1885; gen. sg. ic hine ne
+mihte ... ganges ge-twæman, _could not keep him from going_, 969.--2)
+_step, foot-step_: nom. sg. gang (the foot-print of the mother of Grendel),
+1405; acc. sg. uton hraðe fêran Grendles mâgan gang sceáwigan, 1392.--Comp.
+in-gang.
+
+be-gang, bi-gang, st. m., (_so far as something goes_), _extent_: acc. sg.
+ofer geofenes begang, _over the extent of the sea_, 362; ofer flôda begang,
+1827; under swegles begong, 861, 1774; flôda begong, 1498; sioleða bigong,
+2368.
+
+gangan. See under gân.
+
+ganot, st. m., _diver_, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes bäð (i.e. the
+sea), 1862.
+
+gâd, st. n., _lack_: nom. sg. ne bið þe wilna gâd (_thou shalt have no lack
+of desirable_ [valuable] _things_), 661; similarly, 950.
+
+gân, _expanded =_ gangan, st. v., _to go_: pres. sg. III. gæð â Wyrd swâ
+hió scel, 455; gæð eft ... tô medo, 605; þonne he ... on flett gæð, 2035;
+similarly, 2055; pres. subj. III. sg. gâ þær he wille, _let him go whither
+he will_, 1395; imp. sg. II. gâ nu tô setle, 1783; nu þu lungre geong, hord
+sceáwian, under hârne stân, 2744; inf. in gân, _to go in_, 386, 1645 'forð
+gân, _to go forth, to go thither_, 1164; þat hie him tô mihton gegnum
+gangan, _to go towards, to go to_, 314; tô sele ... gangan cwômon, 324; in
+a similar construction, gongan, 1643; nu ge môton gangan ... Hrôðgâr
+geseón, 395; þâ com of môre ... Grendel gongan, _there came Grendel (going)
+from the fen_, 712; ongeán gramum gangan, _to go to meet the enemy, to go
+to the war_, 1035; cwom ... tô hofe gongan, 1975; wutun gangan tô, _let us
+go thither_, 2649.--As preterite, serve, 1) geóng or gióng: he tô healle
+geóng, 926; similarly, 2019; se þe on orde geóng, _who went at the head,
+went in front, _3126; on innan gióng, _went in_, 2215; he ... gióng tô þäs
+þe he eorðsele ânne wisse, _went thither, where he knew of that earth-hall,
+_2410; þâ se äðeling, gióng, þät he bî wealle gesät, _then went the prince_
+(Beówulf) _that he might sit down by the wall_, 2716.--2) gang: tô healle
+gang Healfdenes sunu, 1010; similarly, 1296; gang þâ äfter flôre, _went
+along the floor, along the hall_, 1317.--3) gengde (Goth. gaggida): he ...
+beforan gengde ..., wong sceáwian, _went in front to inspect the fields_,
+1413; gengde, also of riding, 1402.--4) from another stem, eode (Goth.
+iddja): eode ellenrôf, þät he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, 358;
+similarly, 403; [wið duru healle Wulfgâr eode], _went towards the door of
+the hall_, 390; eode Wealhþeów forð, _went forth_, 613; eode tô hire freán
+sittan, 641; eode yrremôd, _went with angry feeling_, 727; eode ... tô
+sele, 919; similarly, 1233; eode ... þær se snottra bâd, 1313; eode weorð
+Denum äðeling tô yppan, _the prince_ (Beówulf), _honored by the Danes, went
+to the high seat_, 1815; eode ... under inwit-hrôf, 3124; pl. þær
+swîðferhðe sittan eodon, 493; eodon him þâ tôgeánes, _went to meet him_,
+1627; eodon under Earna näs, 3032.
+
+â-gangan, _to go out, to go forth, to befall_: pret. part. swâ bit âgangen
+wearð eorla manegum (_as it befell many a one of the earls_), 1235.
+
+full-gangan, _to emulate, to follow after_: pret. sg. þonne ... sceft nytte
+heóld, feðer-gearwum fûs flâne full-eode, _when the shaft had employment,
+furnished with feathers it followed the arrow, did as the arrow_, 3120.
+
+ge-gân, ge-gangan: 1) _to go, to approach_: inf. (w. acc.) his môdor ...
+gegân wolde sorhfulne sîð, 1278; se þe gryre-sîðas gegân dorste, _who dared
+to go the ways of terror_ (to go into the combat), 1463; pret. sg. se maga
+geonga under his mæges scyld elne geeode, _went quickly under his kinsman's
+shield_, 2677; pl. elne geeodon tô þäs þe ..., _went quickly thither where_
+..., 1968; pret. part. syððan hie tô-gädre gegân häfdon, _when they_
+(Wîglâf and the drake) _had come together_, 2631; þät his aldres wäs ende
+gegongen, _that the end of his life had come_, 823; þâ wäs endedäg gôdum
+gegongen, þät se gûðcyning ... swealt, 3037.--2) _to obtain, to reach_:
+inf. (w. acc.) þonne he ät gûðe gegân þenceð longsumne lof, 1536; ic mid
+elne sceall gold gegangan, 2537; gerund, näs þät ýðe ceáp tô gegangenne
+gumena ænigum, 2417; pret. pl. elne geeodon ... þät se byrnwîga bûgan
+sceolde, 2918; pret. part. häfde ... gegongen þät, _had attained it, that_
+..., 894; hord ys gesceáwod, grimme gegongen, 3086.--3) _to occur, to
+happen_: pres. sg. III. gif þät gegangeð þät ..., _if that happen, that_
+..., 1847; pret. sg. þät geiode ufaran dôgrum hilde-hlämmum, _it happened
+in later times to the warriors_ (the Geátas), 2201; pret. part. þâ wäs
+gegongen guman unfrôdum earfoðlîce þät, _then it had happened to the young
+man in sorrowful wise that_ ..., 2822.
+
+ôð-gangan, _to-go thither_: pret. pl. oð þät hi ôðeodon ... in Hrefnesholt,
+2935.
+
+ofer-gangan, w. acc., _to go over_: pret. sg. ofereode þâ äðelinga bearn
+steáp stân-hliðo, _went over steep, rocky precipices_, 1409; pl.
+freoðo-wong þone forð ofereodon, 2960.
+
+ymb-gangan, w. acc., _to go around_: pret. ymb-eode þâ ides Helminga duguðe
+and geogoðe dæl æghwylcne, _went around in every part, among the superior
+and the inferior warriors_, 621.
+
+gâr, st. m., _spear, javelin, missile_: nom. sg., 1847, 3022; instr. sg.
+gâre, 1076; blôdigan gâre, 2441; gen. sg. gâres fliht, 1766; nom. pl.
+gâras, 328; gen. pl., 161(?).--Comp.: bon-, frum-gâr.
+
+gâr-cêne, adj., _spear-bold_: nom. sg., 1959.
+
+gâr-cwealm, st. m., _murder, death by the spear_: acc. sg. gâr-cwealm
+gumena, 2044.
+
+gâr-holt, st. n., _forest of spears_, i.e. crowd of spears: acc. sg., 1835.
+
+gâr-secg, st. m. (cf. Grimm, in Haupt l. 578), _sea, ocean_: acc. sg. on
+gâr-secg, 49, 537; ofer gâr-secg, 515.
+
+gâr-wîga, w. m., _one who fights with the spear_: dat. sg. geongum
+gâr-wîgan, of Wîglâf, 2675, 2812.
+
+gâr-wîgend, pres. part., _fighting with spear, spear-fighter_: acc. pl.
+gâr-wîgend, 2642.
+
+gâst, gæst, st. m., _ghost, demon_: acc. sg. helle gâst (Grendel), 1275;
+gen. sg. wergan gâstes (of Grendel), 133; (of the tempter), 1748; gen. pl.
+dyrnra gâsta (Grendel's race), 1358; gæsta gîfrost (_flames consuming
+corpses_), 1124.--Comp.: ellor-, geó-sceaft-gâst; ellen-, wäl-gæst.
+
+gâst-bana, w. m., _slayer of the spirit_, i.e. the devil: nom. sg.
+gâst-bona, 177.
+
+gädeling, st. m., _he who is connected with another, relation, companion_:
+gen. sg. gädelinges, 2618; dat. pl. mid his gädelingum, 2950.
+
+ät-gädere, adv., _together, united_: 321, 1165, 1191; samod ätgädere, 329,
+387, 730, 1064.
+
+tô-gadere, adv., _together_, 2631.
+
+gäst, gist, gyst, st. m., _stranger, guest_: nom. sg. gäst, 1801; se gäst
+(the drake), 2313; se grimma gäst (Grendel), 102; gist, 1139, 1523; acc.
+sg. gryre-lîcne gist (the nixy slain by Beówulf), 1442; dat. sg. gyste,
+2229; nom. pl. gistas, 1603; acc. pl. gäs[tas], 1894.--Comp.: fêðe-,
+gryre-, inwit-, nîð-, sele-gäst (-gyst).
+
+gäst-sele, st. m., _hall in which the guests spend their time, guest-hall_:
+acc. sg., 995.
+
+ge, conj., _and_, 1341; ge ... ge ..., _as well ... as ..._, 1865; ge ...
+ge ..., ge ..., 1249; ge swylce, _and likewise, and moreover_, 2259.
+
+ge, pron., _ye, you_, plur. of þu, 237, 245, etc.
+
+gegn-cwide, st. m., _reply_: gen. pl. þînra gegn-cwida, 367.
+
+gegnum, adv., _thither, towards, away_, with the prep, tô, ofer, giving the
+direction: þät hie him tô mihton gegnum gangan (_that they might go
+thither_), 314; gegnum fôr [þâ] ofer myrcan môr, _away over the dark moor_,
+1405.
+
+gehðu, geohðu, st. f., _sorrow, care_: instr. sg. giohðo mænde, 2268; dat.
+sg. on gehðo, 3096; on giohðe, 2794.
+
+gen (from gegn), adv., _yet, again_. ne wäs hit lenge þâ gen, þät ..., _it
+was not then long before_ ..., 83; ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymb Grendel,
+_shall from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2071; nô þý ær ût þâ gen ...
+gongan wolde (_still he would not yet go out_), 2082; gen is eall ät þe
+lissa gelong (_yet all my favor belongs to thee_), 2150; þâ gen, _then
+again_, 2678, 2703; swâ he nu gen dêð, _as he still does_, 2860; furður
+gen, _further still, besides_, 3007; nu gen, _now again_, 3169; ne gen, _no
+more, no farther_: ne wäs þät wyrd þâ gen, _that was no more fate_ (fate no
+longer willed that), 735.
+
+gena, _still_: cwico wäs þâ gena, _was still living_, 3094.
+
+genga, w. m., _goer_; in comp. in-, sæ-, sceadu-genga.
+
+gengde. See gân(3).
+
+genge. See ûð-genge.
+
+genunga (from gegnunga), adv., _precisely, completely_, 2872.
+
+gerwan, gyrwan, w. v.: 1) _to prepare, to make ready, to put in condition_:
+pret. pl. gestsele gyredon, 995.--2) _to equip, to arm for battle_: pret.
+sg. gyrede hine Beówulf eorl-gewædum (_dressed himself in the armor_),
+1442.
+
+ge-gyrwan: 1) _to make, to prepare_: pret. pl. him þâ gegiredan Geáta leóde
+âd ... unwâclîcne, 3138; pret. part. glôf ... eall gegyrwed deófles cräftum
+and dracan fellum, 2088.--2) _to fit out, to make ready_: inf. ceól
+gegyrwan hilde-wæpnum and heaðowædum, 38; hêt him ýðlidan gôdne gegyrwan,
+_had (his) good ship fitted up for him_, 199. Also, _to provide warlike
+equipment_: pret. part. syððan he hine tô gûðe gegyred häfde, 1473.--3) _to
+endow, to provide, to adorn_: pret. part. nom. sg. beado-hrägl ... golde
+gegyrwed, 553; acc. sg. lâfe ... golde gegyrede, 2193; acc. pl. mâdmas ...
+golde gegyrede, 1029.
+
+getan, w. v., _to injure, to slay_: inf., 2941.
+
+be-gête, adj., _attainable_; in comp. êð-begête.
+
+geador, adv., _unitedly, together, jointly_, 836; geador ätsomne, 491.
+
+on-geador, adv., _unitedly, together_, 1596.
+
+gealdor, st. n.: 1) _sound_: acc. sg. býman gealdor, 2944.--2) _magic song,
+incantation, spell_: instr. sg. þonne wäs þät yrfe ... galdre bewunden
+(_placed under a spell_), 3053.
+
+gealga, w. m., _gallows_: dat. sg. þät his byre rîde giong on galgan, 2447.
+
+gealg-môd, adj., _gloomy_: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd, 1278.
+
+gealg-treów, st. n., _gallows_: dat. pl. on galg-treówu[m], 2941.
+
+geard, st. m., _residence_; in Beówulf corresponding to the house-complex
+of a prince's residence, used only in the plur.: acc. in geardas (_in
+Finn's castle_), 1135; dat. in geardum, 13, 2460; of geardum, 1139; ær he
+on weg hwurfe ... of geardum, _before he went away from his
+dwelling-place_, i.e. died, 265.--Comp. middan-geard.
+
+gearo, adj., properly, _made, prepared_; hence, _ready, finished,
+equipped_: nom. sg. þät hit wearð eal gearo, heal-ärna mæst, 77; wiht
+unhælo ... gearo sôna wäs, _the demon of destruction was quickly ready, did
+not delay long_, 121; Here-Scyldinga betst beadorinca wäs on bæl gearu,
+_was ready for the funeral-pile_ (for the solemn burning), 1110; þeód (is)
+eal gearo, _the warriors are altogether ready, always prepared_, 1231;
+hraðe wäs ät holme hýð-weard gearo (geara, MS.), 1915; gearo gûð-freca,
+2415; sîe sió bær gearo ädre geäfned, _let the bier be made ready at once_,
+3106. With gen.: gearo gyrnwräce, _ready for revenge for harm done_, 2119,
+acc. sg. gearwe stôwe, 1007; nom. pl. beornas gearwe, 211; similarly, 1814.
+
+gearwe, gearo, geare, adv., _completely, entirely_: ne ge ... gearwe ne
+wisson, _you do not know at all_ ..., 246; similarly, 879; hine gearwe
+geman witena welhwyle (_remembers him very well_), 265; wisse he gearwe þät
+..., _he knew very well that_ ..., 2340, 2726; þät ic ... gearo sceáwige
+swegle searogimmas (_that I may see the treasures altogether, as many as
+they are_), 2749; ic wât geare þät ..., 2657.--Comp. gearwor, _more
+readily, rather_, 3077.--Superl. gearwost, 716.
+
+gearo-folm, adj., _with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+gearwe, st. f., _equipment, dress_; in comp. feðer-gearwe.
+
+geat, st. n., _opening, door_; in comp. ben-, hilde-geat.
+
+geato-lîc, adj., _well prepared, handsome, splendid_: of sword and armor,
+215, 1563, 2155; of Heorot, 308. Adv.: wîsa fengel geatolîc gengde, _passed
+on in a stately manner_, 1402.
+
+geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment, adornment_: acc. recedes geatwa, _the
+ornaments of the dragon's cave_ (its treasures), 3089.--Comp.: eóred-,
+gryre-, gûð-, hilde-, wîg-geatwe.
+
+geán (from gegn), adv. in
+
+on-geán, adv. and prep., _against, towards_: þät he me ongeán sleá, 682;
+ræhte ongeán feónd mid folme, 748; foran ongeán, _forward towards_, 2365.
+With dat.: ongeán gramum, _against the enemy_, 1035.
+
+tô-geánes, tô-genes, prep, _against, towards_: Grendle tôgeánes, _towards
+Grendel, against Grendel_, 667; grâp þâ tôgeánes, _she grasped at_
+(Beówulf), 1502; similarly, him tôgeánes fêng, 1543; eodon him þâ tôgeánes,
+_went towards him_, 1627; hêt þâ gebeódan ... þät hie bæl-wudu feorran
+feredon gôdum tôgênes, _had it ordered that they should bring the wood from
+far for the funeral-pyre towards the good man_ (i.e. to the place where the
+dead Beówulf lay), 3115.
+
+geáp, adj., _roomy, extensive, wide_: nom. sg. reced ... geáp, _the roomy
+hall_, 1801; acc. sg. under geápne hrôf, 837.--Comp.: horn-, sæ-geáp.
+
+geâr, st. n., _year_: nom. sg., 1135; gen. pl. geâra, in adverbial sense,
+olim, _in former times_, 2665. See un-geâra.
+
+geâr-dagas, st. m. pl., _former days_: dat. pl. in (on) geâr-dagum, 1,
+1355.
+
+geofe. See gifu.
+
+geofon, gifen, gyfen (see Kuhn Zeitschr. I. 137), st. n., _sea, flood_:
+nom. sg. geofon, 515; gifen geótende, _the streaming flood_, 1691; gen. sg.
+geofenes begang, 362; gyfenes, 1395.
+
+geogoð, st. f.: 1) _youth, time of youth_: dat. sg. on geogoðe, 409, 466,
+2513; on giogoðe, 2427; gen. gioguðe, 2113.--2) contrasted with duguð, _the
+younger warriors of lower rank_ (about as in the Middle Ages, the squires
+with the knights): nom. sg. geogoð, 66; giogoð, 1191; acc. sg. geogoðe,
+1182; gen. duguðe and geogoðe, 160; duguðe and iogoðe (geogoðe), 1675, 622.
+
+geoguð-feorh, st. n., _age of youth_, i.e. age in which one still belongs
+in the ranks of the geogoð: on geogoð- (geoguð-) feore, 537, 2665.
+
+geohðo. See gehðo.
+
+geolo, adj., _yellow_: acc. sg. geolwe linde (_the shield of yellow linden
+bark_), 2611.
+
+geolo-rand, st. m., _yellow shield_ (shield with a covering of interlaced
+yellow linden bark): acc. sg., 438.
+
+geond, prep. w. acc., _through, throughout, along, over_: geond þisne
+middangeard, _through the earth, over the earth_, 75; wide geond eorðan,
+266, 3100; fêrdon folctogan ... geond wîd-wegas, _went along the ways
+coming from afar_, 841; similarly, 1705; geond þät säld, _through the hall,
+through the extent of the hall_, 1281; similarly, 1982, 2265.
+
+geong, adj., _young, youthful_: nom. sg., 13, 20, 855, etc.; giong, 2447;
+w. m. se maga geonga, 2676; acc. sg. geongne gûðcyning, 1970; dat. sg.
+geongum, 1949, 2045, 2675, etc.; on swâ geongum feore, _at a so youthful
+age_, 1844; geongan cempan, 2627; acc. pl. geonge, 2019; dat. pl. geongum
+and ealdum, 72.--Superl. gingest, _the last_: nom. sg. w. f. gingeste word,
+2818.
+
+georn, adj., _striving, eager_, w. gen. of the thing striven for: eft sîðes
+georn, 2784.--Comp. lof-georn.
+
+georne, adv., _readily, willingly_: þät him wine-mâgas georne hýrdon, 66;
+georne trûwode, 670.--_zealously, eagerly_: sôhte georne äfter grunde,
+_eagerly searched over the ground_, 2295.--_carefully, industriously_: nô
+ic him þäs georne ätfealh (_held him not fast enough_), 969.--_completely,
+exactly_: comp. wiste þê geornor, 822.
+
+geó, iú, adv., _once, formerly, earlier_, 1477; gió, 2522; iú, 2460.
+
+geóc, st. f., _help, support_: acc. sg. geóce gefremman, 2675; þät him
+gâst-bona geóce gefremede wið þeód-þreáum, 177; geóce gelýfde, _believed in
+the help_ (of Beówulf), 609; dat. sg. tô geóce, 1835.
+
+geócor, adj., _ill, bad_: nom. sg., 766.--See Haupt's Zeitschrift 8, p. 7.
+
+geó-man, iú-man, st. m., _man of former times_: gen. pl. iú-manna, 3053.
+
+geó-meowle, w. f., (_formerly a virgin), wife_: acc. sg. ió-meowlan, 2932.
+
+geômor, adj., _with depressed feelings, sad, troubled_: nom. sg. him wäs
+geômor sefa, 49, 2420, 2633, 2951; môdes geômor, 2101; fem. þät wäs geômuru
+ides, 1076.
+
+geômore, adv., _sadly_, 151.
+
+geômor-gid, st. n., _dirge_: acc. sg. giômor-gyd, 3151.
+
+geômor-lîc, adj., _sad, painful_: swâ bið geômorlîc gomelum ceorle tô
+gebîdanne þät..., _it is painful to an old man to experience it, that ..._,
+2445.
+
+geômor-môd, adj., _sad, sorrowful_: nom. sg., 2045, 3019; giômor-môd, 2268.
+
+geômrian, w. v., _to complain, to lament_: pret. sg. geômrode giddum, 1119.
+
+geó-sceaft, st. f., (_fixed in past times), fate_: acc. sg. geósceaft
+grimme, 1235.
+
+geósceaft-gâst, st. m., _demon sent by fate_: gen. pl. fela
+geósceaft-gâsta, of Grendel and his race, 1267.
+
+geótan, st. v. intrans., _to pour, to flow, to stream_: pres. part. gifen
+geótende, 1691.
+
+gicel, st. m., _icicle_: in comp. hilde-gicel.
+
+gid, gyd, st. n., _speech, solemn alliterative song_: nom. sg. þær wäs ...
+gid oft wrecen, 1066; leóð wäs âsungen, gleómannes gyd, _the song was sung,
+the gleeman's lay_, 1161; þær wäs gidd and gleó, 2106; acc. sg. ic þis gid
+âwräc, 1724; gyd âwräc, 2109; gyd äfter wräc, 2155; þonne he gyd wrece,
+2447; dat. pl. giddum, 151, 1119; gen. pl. gidda gemyndig, 869.--Comp.:
+geômor-, word-gid.
+
+giddian, w. v., _to speak, to speak in alliteration_: pret. gyddode, 631.
+
+gif, conj.: 1) _if_, w. ind., 442, 447, 527, 662, etc.; gyf, 945, etc. With
+subj., 452, 594, 1482, etc.; gyf, 280, 1105, etc.--2) _whether_, w. ind.,
+272; w. subj., 1141, 1320.
+
+gifa, geofa, w. m., _giver_; in comp. gold-, sinc-, wil-gifa (-geofa).
+
+gifan, st. v., _to give_: inf. giofan, 2973; pret. sg. nallas beágas geaf
+Denum, 1720; he me [mâðmas] geaf, 2147; and similarly, 2174, 2432, 2624,
+etc.; pret. pl. geâfon (hyne) on gârsecg, 49; pret. part. þâ wäs Hrôðgâre
+here-spêd gyfen, 64; þâ wäs gylden hilt gamelum rince ... on hand gyfen,
+1679; syððan ærest wearð gyfen ... geongum cempan (_given in marriage_),
+1949.
+
+â-gifan, _to give, to impart_: inf. andsware ... âgifan, _to give an
+answer_, 355; pret. sg. sôna him se frôda fäder Ôhtheres ... ondslyht âgeaf
+(_gave him a counter-blow_), (_hand-blow_?), 2930.
+
+for-gyfan, _to give, to grant_: pret. sg. him þäs lîf-freá ... worold-âre
+forgeaf, 17; þäm tô hâm forgeaf Hrêðel Geáta ângan dôhtor (_gave in
+marriage_), 374; similarly, 2998; he me lond forgeaf, _granted me land_,
+2493; similarly, 697, 1021, 2607, 2617; mägen-ræs forgeaf hilde-bille, _he
+gave with his battle-sword a mighty blow_, i.e. he struck with full force,
+1520.
+
+of-gifan, (_to give up_), _to leave_: inf. þät se mæra maga Ecgþeówes
+grund-wong þone ofgyfan wolde (_was fated to leave the earth-plain_), 2589;
+pret. sg. þâs worold ofgeaf gromheort guma, 1682; similarly, gumdreám
+ofgeaf, 2470; Dena land ofgeaf, 1905; pret. pl. näs ofgeâfon hwate
+Scyldingas, _left the promontory_, 1601; þät þâ hildlatan holt ofgêfan,
+_that the cowards left the wood_ (into which they had fled), 2847; sg.
+pret. for pl. þâra þe þis [lîf] ofgeaf, 2252.
+
+gifeðe, adj., _given, granted_: Gûðfremmendra swylcum gifeðe bið þät...,
+_to such a warrior is it granted that_..., 299; similarly, 2682; swâ me
+gifeðe wäs, 2492; þær me gifeðe swâ ænig yrfeweard äfter wurde, _if an
+heir_, (living) _after me, had been given me_, 2731.--Neut. as subst.: wäs
+þät gifeðe tô swîð, þe þone [þeóden] þyder ontyhte, _the fate was too harsh
+that has drawn hither the king_, 3086; gyfeðe, 555, 820.--Comp. un-gifeðe.
+
+gif-heal, st. f., _hall in which fiefs were bestowed, throne-hall_: acc.
+sg. ymb þâ gifhealle, 839.
+
+gif-sceat, st. m., _gift of value_: acc. pl. gif-sceattas, 378.
+
+gif-stôl, st. m., _seat from which fiefs are granted, throne_: nom. sg.,
+2328; acc. sg., 168.
+
+gift, st. f., _gift, present_: in comp. feoh-gift.
+
+gifu, geofu, st. f., _gift, present, grant; fief_: nom. sg. gifu, 1885 acc.
+sg. gimfäste gife þe him god sealde, _the great gift that God had granted
+him_ (i.e. the enormous strength), 1272; ginfästan gife þe him god sealde,
+2183; dat. pl. (as instr.) geofum, 1959; gen. pl. gifa, 1931; geofena,
+1174.--Comp.: mâððum-, sinc-gifu.
+
+gigant, st. m., _giant_: nom. pl. gigantas, 113; gen. pl. giganta, 1563,
+1691.
+
+gild, gyld, st. n., _reparation_: in comp. wiðer-gyld(?).
+
+gildan, gyldan, st. v., _to do something in return, to repay, to reward, to
+pay_: inf. gomban gyldan, _pay tribute_, 11; he mid gôde gyldan wille
+uncran eaferan, 1185; we him þâ gûðgeatwa gyldan woldon, 2637; pret. sg.
+heaðoræsas geald mearum and mâðmum, _repaid the battles with horses and
+treasures_, 1048; similarly, 2492; geald þone gûðræs ... Jofore and Wulfe
+mid ofermâðmum, _repaid Eofor and Wulf the battle with exceedingly great
+treasures_, 2992.
+
+an-gildan, _to pay for_: pret. sg. sum sâre angeald æfenräste, _one_
+(Äschere) _paid for the evening-rest with death's pain_, 1252.
+
+â-gildan, _to offer one's self_: pret. sg. þâ me sæl âgeald, _when the
+favorable opportunity offered itself_, 1666; similarly, þâ him rûm âgeald,
+2691.
+
+for-gildan, _to repay, to do something in return, to reward_: pres. subj.
+sg. III. alwalda þec gôde forgylde, _may the ruler of all reward thee with
+good_, 957; inf. þone ænne hêht golde forgyldan, _he ordered that the one_
+(killed by Grendel) _be paid for_ (atoned for) _with gold_, 1055; he ...
+wolde Grendle for-gyldan gûðræsa fela, _wished to pay Grendel for many
+attacks_, 1578; wolde se lâða lîge forgyldan drinc-fät dýre, _the enemy
+wished to repay with fire the costly drinking vessel_ (the theft of it),
+2306; pret. sg. he him þäs leán forgeald, _he gave them the reward
+therefore_, 114; similarly, 1542, 1585, 2095; forgeald hraðe wyrsan wrixle
+wälhlem þone, _repaid the murderous blow with a worse exchange_, 2969.
+
+gilp, gylp, st. m., _speech in which one promises great things for himself
+in a coming combat, defiant speech, boasting speech_: acc. sg. häfde ...
+Geát-mecga leód gilp gelæsted (_had fulfilled what he had claimed for
+himself before the battle_), 830; nallas on gylp seleð fätte beágas, _gives
+no chased gold rings for a boastful speech_, 1750; þät ic wið þone
+gûðflogan gylp ofersitte, _restrain myself from the speech of defiance_,
+2529; dat. sg. gylpe wiðgrîpan (_fulfil my promise of battle_),
+2522.--Comp. dol-gilp.
+
+gilpan, gylpan, st. v. w. gen., acc., and dat., _to make a defiant speech,
+to boast, to exult insolently_: pres. sg. I. nô ic þäs gilpe (after a break
+in the text), 587; sg. III. morðres gylpeð, _boasts of the murder_, 2056;
+inf. swâ ne gylpan þearf Grendles maga ænig ... uhthlem þone, 2007; nealles
+folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte, _had no need to boast of his
+fellow-warrior_, 2875; pret. sg. hrêðsigora ne gealp goldwine Geáta, _did
+not exult at the glorious victory_ (could not gain the victory over the
+drake), 2584.
+
+gilp-cwide, st. m., _speech in which a man promises much for himself for a
+coming combat, speech of defiance_: nom. sg., 641.
+
+gilp-hläden, pret. part., _laden with boasts of defiance_ (i.e. he who has
+made many such boasts, and consequently has been victorious in many
+combats), _covered with glory_: nom. sg. guma gilp-hläden, 869.
+
+gilp-spræc, same as gilp-cwide, _speech of defiance, boastful speech_: dat.
+sg. on gylp-spræce, 982.
+
+gilp-word, st. n., _defiant word before the coming combat, vaunting word_:
+gen. pl. gespräc ... gylp-worda sum, 676.
+
+gim, st. m., _gem, precious stone, jewel_: nom. sg. heofones gim, _heaven's
+jewel_, i.e. the sun, 2073. Comp. searo-gim.
+
+gimme-rîce, adj., _rich in jewels_: acc. sg. gimme-rîce hord-burh häleða,
+466.
+
+gin (according to Bout., ginne), adj., properly _gaping_, hence, _wide,
+extended_: acc. sg. gynne grund (_the bottom of the sea_), 1552.
+
+gin-fäst, adj., _extensive, rich_: acc. sg. gim-fäste gife (gim-, on
+account of the following _f_), 1272; in weak form, gin-fästan gife, 2183.
+
+ginnan, st. v., original meaning, _to be open, ready_; in
+
+on-ginnan, _to begin, to undertake_: pret. ôð þät ân ongan fyrene fremman
+feónd on helle, 100; secg eft ongan sîð Beówulfes snyttrum styrian, 872; þâ
+þät sweord ongan ... wanian, _the sword began to diminish_, 1606; Higelâc
+ongan sînne geseldan ... fägre fricgean, _began with propriety to question
+his companion_, 1984, etc.; ongon, 2791; pret. pl. nô her cûðlîcor cuman
+ongunnon lindhäbbende, _no shield-bearing men e'er undertook more openly to
+come hither_, 244; pret. part. häbbe ic mærða fela ongunnen on geogoðe,
+_have in my youth undertaken many deeds of renown_, 409.
+
+gist. See gäst.
+
+gistran, adv., _yesterday_: gystran niht, _yesterday night_, 1335.
+
+git, pron., _ye two_, dual of þu, 508, 512, 513, etc.
+
+git, gyt, adv., _yet; then still_, 536, 1128, 1165, 2142; _hitherto_, 957;
+næfre git, _never yet_, 583; _still_, 945, 1059, 1135; _once more_, 2513;
+_moreover_, 47, 1051, 1867.
+
+gitan (original meaning, _to take hold of, to seize, to attain_), in
+
+be-gitan, w. acc., _to grasp, to seize, to reach_: pret. sg. begeat, 1147,
+2231; þâ hine wîg beget, _when war seized him, came upon him_, 2873;
+similarly, begeat, 1069; pret. pl. hit ær on þe gôde be-geâton, _good men
+received it formerly from thee_, 2250; subj. sg. for pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre
+hreówa tornost þâra þe leódfruman lange begeâte, _the bitterest of the
+troubles that for a long time had befallen the people's chief_, 2131.
+
+for-gitan, w. acc., _to forget_: pres. sg. III. he þâ forðgesceaft forgyteð
+and forgýmeð, 1752.
+
+an-gitan, on-gitan, w. acc.: 1) _to take hold of, to grasp_: imp. sg.
+gumcyste ongit, _lay hold of manly virtue, of what becomes the man_, 1724;
+pret. sg. þe hine se brôga angeat, _whom terror seized_, 1292.--2) _to
+grasp intellectually, to comprehend, to perceive, to distinguish, to
+behold_: pres. subj. I. þät ic ærwelan ... ongite, _that I may behold the
+ancient wealth_ (the treasures of the drake's cave), 2749; inf. säl timbred
+... ongytan, 308, 1497; Geáta clifu ongitan, 1912; pret. sg. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, _had perceived their distress from hostile snares_, 14; ongeat ...
+grund-wyrgenne, _beheld the she-wolf of the bottom_, 1519; pret. pl.
+bearhtm ongeâton, gûðhorn galan, _perceived the noise_, (heard) _the
+battle-trumpet sound_, 1432; syððan hie Hygelâces horn and býman gealdor
+ongeâton, 2945.
+
+gîfre, adj., _greedy, eager_: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd, of Grendel's
+mother, 1278.--Superl.: lîg..., gæsta gîfrost, 1124.--Comp. heoro-gîfre.
+
+gîtsian, w. v., _to be greedy_: pres. sg. III. gýtsað, 1750.
+
+gio-, gió-. See geo-, geó-.
+
+gladian, w. v., _to gleam, to shimmer_: pres. pl. III. on him gladiað
+gomelra lâfe, _upon him gleams the legacy of the men of ancient times_
+(armor), 2037.
+
+gläd, adj., _gracious, friendly_ (as a form of address for princes): nom.
+sg. beó wið Geátas gläd, 1174; acc. sg. glädne Hrôðgâr, 864; glädne
+Hrôðulf, 1182; dat. sg. gladum suna Frôdan, 2026.
+
+gläde, adv., _in a gracious, friendly way_, 58.
+
+glädnian, w. v., _to rejoice_: inf. w. gen., 367.
+
+gläd-môd, adj., _joyous, glad_, 1786.
+
+glêd, st. f., _fire, flame_: nom. sg., 2653, 3115; dat. (instr.) pl.
+glêdum, 2313, 2336, 2678, 3042.
+
+glêd-egesa, w. m., _terror on account of fire, fire-terror_: nom. sg.
+glêd-egesa grim (_the fire-spewing of the drake_), 2651.
+
+gleáw (Goth, glaggwu-s), adj., _considerate, well-bred_, of social conduct;
+in comp. un-gleáw.
+
+gleó, st. n., _social entertainment_, (especially by music, play, and
+jest): nom. sg. þær wäs gidd and gleó, 2106.
+
+gleó-beám, st. m., _(tree of social entertainment, of music), harp._ gen.
+sg. gleó-beámes, 2264.
+
+gleó-dreám, st. _m., joyous carrying-on in social entertainment, mirth,
+social gaiety_: acc. sg. gamen and gleó-dreám, 3022.
+
+gleó-man, m., _(gleeman, who enlivens the social entertainment, especially
+with music), harper_: gen. sg. gleómannes gyd, 1161.
+
+glitinian (O.H.G. glizinôn), w. v., _to gleam, to light, to glitter_: inf.
+geseah þâ ... gold glitinian, 2759.
+
+glîdan, st. v., _to glide_: pret. sg. syððan heofones gim glâd ofer
+grundas, _after heaven's gem had glided over the fields_ (after the sun had
+set), 2074; pret. pl. glidon ofer gârsecg, _you glided over the ocean_
+(swimming), 515.
+
+tô-glîdan _(to glide asunder), to separate, to fall asunder_: pret.
+gûð-helm tô-glâd (Ongenþeów's helmet was split asunder by the blow of
+Eofor), 2488.
+
+glôf, st. f., _glove_: nom. sg. glôf hangode, (on Grendel) _a glove hung_,
+2086.
+
+gneáð, adj., _niggardly_: nom. sg. f. näs hió ... tô gneáð gifa Geáta
+leódum, _was not too niggardly with gifts to the people of the Geátas_,
+1931.
+
+gnorn, st. m., _sorrow, sadness_: acc. sg. gnorn þrowian, 2659.
+
+gnornian, w. v., _to be sad, to complain_: pret. sg. earme ... ides
+gnornode, 1118.
+
+be-gnornian, w. acc., _to bemoan, to mourn for_: pret. pl. begnornodon ...
+hlâfordes [hry]re, _bemoaned their lord's fall_, 3180.
+
+god, st. m., _god_: nom. sg., 13, 72, 478, etc.; hâlig god, 381, 1554;
+witig god, 686; mihtig god, 702; acc. sg. god, 812; ne wiston hie drihten
+god, _did not know the Lord God_, 181; dat. sg. gode, 113, 227, 626, etc.;
+gen. sg. godes, 570, 712, 787, etc.
+
+gold, st. n., _gold_: nom. sg., 3013, 3053; icge gold, 1108; wunden gold,
+_wound gold, gold in ring-form_, 1194, 3136; acc. sg. gold, 2537, 2759,
+2794, 3169; hæðen gold, _heathen gold_ (that from the drake's cave), 2277;
+brâd gold, _massive gold_, 3106; dat. instr. sg. golde, 1055, 2932, 3019;
+fättan golde, _with chased gold, with gold in plate-form_, 2103; gehroden
+golde, _covered with gold, gilded_, 304; golde gegyrwed (gegyrede),
+_provided with, ornamented with gold_, 553, 1029, 2193; golde geregnad,
+_adorned with gold_, 778; golde fâhne (hrôf), _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; bunden golde, _bound with gold_ (see under bindan), 1901; hyrsted
+golde (helm), _the helmet ornamented with, mounted with gold_, 2256; gen.
+sg. goldes, 2302; fättan goldes, 1094, 2247; scîran goldes, _of pure gold_,
+1695. --Comp. fät-gold.
+
+gold-æht, st. f., _possessions in gold, treasure_: acc. sg., 2749.
+
+gold-fâh, adj., _variegated with gold, shining with gold_: nom. sg. reced
+... gold-fâh, 1801; acc. sg. gold-fâhne helm, 2812; nom. pl. gold-fâg
+scinon web äfter wagum, _variegated with gold, the tapestry gleamed along
+the walls_, 995.
+
+gold-gifa, w. m., _gold-giver_, designation of the prince: acc. sg. mid
+mînne goldgyfan, 2653.
+
+gold-hroden, pret. part., _(covered with gold), ornamented with gold_: nom.
+sg., 615, 641, 1949, 2026; epithet of women of princely rank.
+
+gold-hwät, adj., _striving after gold, greedy for gold_: näs he goldhwät,
+_he_ (Beówulf) _was not greedy for gold_ (he did not fight against the
+drake for his treasure, cf. 3067 ff.) 3075.
+
+gold-mâðm, st. m., _jewel of gold_: acc. pl. gold-mâðmas (the treasures of
+the drake's cave), 2415.
+
+gold-sele, st. m., _gold-hall_, i.e. the hall in which the gold was
+distributed, ruler's hall: acc. sg., 716, 1254; dat. sg. gold-sele, 1640,
+2084.
+
+gold-weard, st. m., _gold-ward, defender of the gold_: acc. sg. (of the
+drake), 3082.
+
+gold-wine, st. m., _friend who distributes gold_, i.e. ruler, prince: nom.
+sg. (partly as voc.) goldwine gumena, 1172, 1477, 1603; goldwine Geáta,
+2420, 2585.
+
+gold-wlanc, adj., _proud of gold_: nom. sg. gûðrinc goldwlanc (Beówulf
+rewarded with gold by Hrôðgâr on account of his victory), 1882.
+
+gomban, gomel, gomen. See gamban, gamal, gamen.
+
+gong, gongan. See gang, gangan.
+
+gôd, adj., _good, fit_, of persons and things: nom. sg., 11, 195, 864,
+2264, 2391, etc.; frôd and gôd, 279; w. dat. cyning äðelum gôd, _the king
+noble in birth_, 1871; gumcystum gôd, 2544; w. gen. wes þu ûs lârena gôd,
+_be good to us with teaching_ (help us thereto through thy instruction),
+269; in weak form, se gôda, 205, 355, 676, 1191, etc.; acc. sg. gôdne, 199,
+347, 1596, 1970, etc.; gumcystum gôdne, 1487; neut. gôd, 1563; dat. sg.
+gôdum, 3037, 3115; þäm gôdan, 384, 2328; nom. pl. gôde, 2250; þâ gôdan,
+1164; acc. pl. gôde, 2642; dat. pl. gôdum dædum, 2179; gen. pl. gôdra
+gûðrinca, 2649.--Comp. ær-gôd.
+
+gôd, st. n.: 1) _good that is done, benefit, gift_: instr. sg. gôde, 20,
+957, 1185; gôde mære, _renowned on account of her gifts_ (Þryðo), 1953;
+instr. pl. gôdum, 1862.--2) _ability_, especially in fight: gen. pl. nât he
+þâra gôda, 682.
+
+gram, adj., _hostile_: gen. sg. on grames grâpum, _in the gripe of the
+enemy_ (Beówulf), 766; nom. pl. þâ graman, 778; dat. pl. gramum, 424, 1035.
+
+gram-heort, adj., _of a hostile heart, hostile_: nom. sg. grom-heort guma,
+1683.
+
+gram-hydig, adj., _with hostile feeling, maliciously inclined_: nom. sg.
+gromhydig, 1750.
+
+grâp, st. f., _the hand ready to grasp, hand, claw_: dat. sg. mid grâpe,
+438; on grâpe, 555; gen. sg. eal ... Grendles grâpe, _all of Grendel's
+claw, the whole claw_, 837; dat. pl. on grames grâpum, 766; (as instr.)
+grimman grâpum, _with grim claws_, 1543.--Comp.: feónd-, hilde-grâp.
+
+grâpian, w. v., _to grasp, to lay hold of, to seize_: pret. sg. þät hire
+wið halse heard grâpode, _that_ (the sword) _griped hard at her neck_,
+1567; he ... grâpode gearofolm, _he took hold with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+gräs-molde, w. f., _grass-plot_: acc. sg. gräsmoldan träd, _went over the
+grass-plot_, 1882.
+
+grædig, adj., _greedy, hungry, voracious_: nom. sg. grim and grædig, 121,
+1500; acc. sg. grædig gûðleóð, 1523.
+
+græg, adj., _gray_: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg, _the ashen wood, gray
+above_ (the spears with iron points) 330; acc. pl. græge syrcan, _gray_
+(i.e. iron) _shirts of mail_, 334.
+
+græg-mæl, adj., _having a gray color_, here = _iron_: nom. sg. sweord
+Beówulfes gomol and grægmæl, 2683.
+
+græpe. See ät-græpe.
+
+grêtan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute_: inf. hine swâ gôdne
+grêtan, 347; Hrôðgâr grêtan, 1647, 2011; eówic grêtan hêt (_bade me bring
+you his last greeting_), 3096; pret. sg. grêtte Geáta leód, 626; grêtte þâ
+guma ôðerne, 653; Hrôðgâr grêtte, 1817.-- 2) _to come on, to come near, to
+seek out; to touch; to take hold of_: inf. gifstôl grêtan, _take possession
+of the throne, mount it as ruler_, 168; näs se folccyning ænig ... þe mec
+gûðwinum grêtan dorste (_attack with swords_), 2736; Wyrd ... se þone
+gomelan grêtan sceolde, 2422; þät þone sin-scaðan gûðbilla nân grêtan
+nolde, _that no sword would take hold upon the irreconcilable enemy_, 804;
+pret. sg. grêtte goldhroden guman on healle, _the gold-adorned_ (queen)
+_greeted the men in the hall_, 615; nô he mid hearme ... gästas grêtte,
+_did not approach the strangers with insults_, 1894; gomenwudu grêtte,
+_touched the wood of joy, played the harp_, 2109; pret. subj. II. sg. þät
+þu þone wälgæst wihte ne grêtte, _that thou shouldst by no means seek out
+the murderous spirit_ (Grendel), 1996; similarly, sg. III. þät he ne grêtte
+goldweard þone, 3082; pret. part. þær wäs ... gomenwudu grêted, 1066.
+
+ge-grêtan, w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute, to address_: pret. sg. holdne
+gegrêtte meaglum wordum, _greeted the dear man with formal words_, 1981;
+gegrêtte þâ gumena gehwylcne ... hindeman siðe, _spoke then the last time
+to each of the men_, 2517.--2) _to approach, to come near, to seek out_:
+inf. sceal ... manig ôðerne gôdum gegrêtan ofer ganotes bäð, _many a one
+will seek another across the sea with gifts_, 1862.
+
+greót, st. m., _grit, sand, earth_: dat. sg. on greóte, 3169.
+
+greótan, st. v., _to weep, to mourn, to lament_: pres. sg. III. se þe äfter
+sincgyfan on sefan greóteð, _who laments in his heart for the
+treasure-giver_, 1343.
+
+grim, adj., _grim, angry, wild, hostile_: nom. sg., 121, 555, 1500, etc.;
+weak form, se grimma gäst, 102; acc. sg. m. grimne, 1149, 2137; fem,
+grimme, 1235; gen. sg. grimre gûðe, 527; instr. pl. grimman grâpum,
+1543.--Comp.: beado-, heaðo-, heoro-, searo-grim.
+
+grimme, adv., _grimly, in a hostile manner, bitterly_, 3013, 3086.
+
+grim-lîc, adj., _grim, terrible_: nom. sg. grimlîc gry[re-gäst], 3042.
+
+grimman, st. v., (properly _to snort_), _to go forward hastily, to hasten_:
+pret. pl. grummon, 306.
+
+grindan, st. v., _to grind_, in
+
+for-grindan, _to destroy, to ruin_: pret. sg. w. dat. forgrand gramum,
+_destroyed the enemy, killed them_ (?), 424; pret. part. w. acc. häfde
+lîgdraca leóda fästen ... glêdum forgrunden, _had with flames destroyed the
+people's feasts_, 2336; þâ his âgen (scyld) wäs glêdum forgrunden, _since
+his own (shield) had been destroyed by the fire_, 2678.
+
+gripe, st. m., _gripe, attack_: nom. sg. gripe mêces, 1766; acc. sg. grimne
+gripe, 1149.--Comp.: fær-, mund-, nîð-gripe.
+
+grîma, w. m., _mask, visor_: in comp. beado-, here-grîma.
+
+grîm-helm, st. m., _mask-helmet, helmet with visor_: acc. pl. grîm-helmas,
+334.
+
+grîpan, st. v., _to gripe, to seize, to grasp_: pret. sg. grâp þâ tôgeánes,
+_then she caught at_, 1502.
+
+for-grîpan _(to gripe vehemently), to gripe so as to kill, to kill by the
+grasp_, w. dat.: pret. sg. ät gûðe forgrâp Grendeles mægum, 2354.
+wið-grîpan, w. dat., _(to seize at), to maintain, to hold erect_: inf. hû
+wið þam aglæcean elles meahte gylpe wið-grîpan, _how else I might maintain
+my boast of battle against the monster_, 2522.
+
+grôwan, st. v., _to grow, to sprout_: pret. sg. him on ferhðe greów
+breósthord blôdreów, 1719.
+
+grund, st. m.: 1) _ground, plain, fields_ in contrast with highlands;
+_earth_ in contrast with heaven: dat. sg. sôhte ... äfter grunde, _sought
+along the ground_, 2295; acc. pl. ofer grundas, 1405, 2074.--2) _bottom,
+the lowest part_: acc. sg. grund (of the sea of Grendel), 1368; on gyfenes
+grund, 1395; under gynne grund (_bottom of the sea_) 1552; dat. sg. tô
+grunde (of the sea), 553; grunde (of the drake's cave) getenge, 2759; so,
+on grunde, 2766.--Comp.: eormen-, mere-, sæ-grund.
+
+grund-bûend, pres. part., _inhabitant of the earth_: gen. pl.
+grund-bûendra, 1007.
+
+grund-hyrde, st. m., _warder of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg. (of
+Grendel's mother), 2137.
+
+grund-sele, st. m., _hall at the bottom_ (of the sea): dat sg. in þam
+[grund]sele, 2140.
+
+grund-wang, st. m., _ground surface, lowest surface_: acc. sg. þone
+grund-wong (_bottom of the sea_), 1497; (bottom of the drake's cave), 2772,
+2589.
+
+grund-wyrgen, st. f., _she-wolf of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg.
+grund-wyrgenne (Grendel's mother), 1519.
+
+gryn (cf. Gloss. Aldh. "retinaculum, rete grin," Hpts. Ztschr. IX. 429),
+st. n., _net, noose, snare_: gen. pl. fela ... grynna, 931. See gyrn.
+
+gryre, st. m., _horror, terror, anything causing terror_: nom. sg., 1283;
+acc. sg. wið Grendles gryre, 384; hie Wyrd forsweóp on Grendles gryre,
+_snatched them away into the horror of Grendel, to the horrible Grendel_,
+478; dat. pl. mid gryrum ecga, 483; gen. pl. swâ fela gryra, 592.--Comp.:
+fær-, wîg-gryre.
+
+gryre-brôga, w. m., _terror and horror, amazement_: nom. sg.
+[gryre-]br[ô]g[a], 2229.
+
+gryre-fâh, adj., _gleaming terribly_: acc. sg. gryre-fâhne (_the
+fire-spewing drake_, cf. also [draca] fýrwylmum fâh, 2672), 2577.
+
+gryre-gäst, st. m., _terror-guest, stranger causing terror_: nom. sg.
+grimlîc gry[regäst], 3042; dat. sg. wið þam gryregieste (the dragon), 2561.
+
+gryre-geatwe, st. f. pl., _terror-armor, warlike equipment_: dat. pl. in
+hyra gryre-geatwum, 324.
+
+gryre-leóð, st. n., _terror-song, fearful song_: acc. sg. gehýrdon
+gryreleóð galan godes and-sacan (_heard Grendel's cry of agony_), 787.
+
+gryre-lîc, adj., _terrible, horrible_: acc. sg. gryre-lîcne, 1442, 2137.
+
+gryre-sîð, st. m., _way of terror, way causing terror_, i.e. warlike
+expedition: acc. pl. se þe gryre-sîðas gegân dorste, 1463.
+
+guma, w. m., _man, human being_: nom. sg., 653, 869, etc.; acc. sg. guman,
+1844, 2295; dat. sg. guman (gumum, MS.), 2822; nom pl. guman, 215, 306,
+667, etc.; acc. pl. guman, 615; dat. pl. gumum, 127, 321; gen. pl. gumena,
+73, 328, 474, 716, etc.--Comp.: driht-, seld-guma.
+
+gum-cyn, st. n., _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. we synt gumcynnes
+Geáta leóde, _people from the nation of the Geátas_, 260; dat. pl. äfter
+gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
+
+gum-cyst, st. f., _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl.)
+gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv., _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
+gôdne beága bryttan, 1487; gumcystum gôd ... hilde-hlemma (Beówulf), 2544.
+
+gum-dreám, st. m., _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-dreám ofgeaf
+(died), 2470.
+
+gum-dryhten, st. m., _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
+
+gum-fêða, w. m., _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg., 1402.
+
+gum-man, st. m., _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
+
+gum-stôl, st. m., _man's seat_ [Greek: kat'ezochæn] _ruler's seat, throne_:
+dat. sg. in gumstôle, 1953.
+
+gûð, st. f., _combat, battle_: nom. sg., 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
+gûðe, 604; instr. sg. gûðe, 1998; dat. sg. tô (ät) gûðe, 438, 1473. 1536,
+2354, etc.; gen. sg. gûðe, 483, 527, 631, etc.; dat. pl. gûðum, 1959, 2179;
+gen. pl. gûða, 2513, 2544.
+
+gûð-beorn, st. m., _warrior_: gen. pl. gûð-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
+the Danish coast_), 314.
+
+gûð-bil, st. n., _battle-bill_: nom. sg. gûðbill, 2585; gen. pl. gûð-billa
+nân, 804.
+
+gûð-byrne, w. f., _battle-corselet_: nom. sg., 321.
+
+gûð-cearu, st. f., _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. äfter
+gûð-ceare, 1259.
+
+gûð-cräft, st. m., _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
+gûð-cräft, 127.
+
+gûð-cyning, st. m., _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg.,
+199, 1970, 2336, etc.
+
+gûð-deáð, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 2250.
+
+gûð-floga, w. m., _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wið þone gûðflogan (the
+drake), 2529.
+
+gûð-freca, w. m., _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
+gûð-freca, of the drake, 2415.
+
+gûð-fremmend, pres. part., _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
+gûð-fremmendra, 246; gûð- (gôd-, MS.) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
+(meaning Beówulf), 299.
+
+gûð-gewæde, st. n., _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gûð-gewædo, 227; acc.
+pl. -gewædu, 2618, 2631(?), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewæda, 2624.
+
+gûð-geweorc, st. n., _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl., -geweorca, 679,
+982, 1826.
+
+gûð-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for combat_: acc. þâ gûð-geatwa
+(-getawa, MS.), 2637; dat. in eówrum gûð-geatawum, 395.
+
+gûð-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet_: nom. sg., 2488.
+
+gûð-horn, st. n., _battle-horn_: acc. sg., 1433.
+
+gûð-hrêð, st. f., _battle-fame_: nom. sg., 820.
+
+gûð-leóð, st. n., _battle-song_: acc., sg., 1523.
+
+gûð-môd, adj., _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
+pl. gûð-môde, 306.
+
+gûð-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg., 2992; gen. pl.
+gûð-ræsa, 1578, 2427.
+
+gûð-reów, adj., _fierce in battle_: nom. sg., 58.
+
+gûð-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 839, 1119,
+1882; acc. sg., 1502; gen. pl. gûð-rinca, 2649.
+
+gûð-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gûð-sceaða, w. m., _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg., of the drake,
+2319.
+
+gûð-scearu, st. f., _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. äfter gûð-sceare,
+1214.
+
+gûð-sele, st. m., _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
+sg. in þäm gûðsele (in Heorot), 443.
+
+gûð-searo, st. n. pl., _battle-equipment, armor_; acc., 215, 328.
+
+gûð-sweord, st. n., _battle-sword_: acc. sg., 2155.
+
+gûð-wêrig, adj., _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gûð-wêrigne Grendel,
+1587.
+
+gûð-wine, st. m., _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
+sword: acc. sg., 1811; instr. pl. þe mec gûð-winum grêtan dorste, _who
+dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
+
+gûð-wîga, w. m., _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg., 2112.
+
+gyd. See gid.
+
+gyfan. See gifan.
+
+gyldan. See gildan.
+
+gylden, adj., _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
+gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum beáge,
+1164.--Comp. eal-gylden.
+
+gylp. See gilp.
+
+gyrdan, w. v., _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
+girt warrior_, 2079.
+
+gyrn, st. n., _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg., 1776.
+
+gyrn-wracu, st. f., _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. tô gyrn-wräce, 1139; gen.
+sg. þâ wäs eft hraðe gearo gyrn-wräce Grendeles môdor, _then was Grendel's
+mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
+
+gyrwan. See gerwan.
+
+gystran. See gistran.
+
+gýman, w. v. w. gen., _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
+gýmeð, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhyda ne gým! _do not study arrogance_
+(despise it), 1761.
+
+for-gýman, w. acc., _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. he þâ
+forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgýmeð, 1752.
+
+gýtsian. See gîtsian.
+
+gyt. See git.
+
+
+H
+
+habban, w. v., _to have_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. I. þäs ic wên häbbe (_as I
+hope_), 383; þe ic geweald häbbe, 951; ic me on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
+on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þu nu [friðu]
+hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbað we ... micel ærende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
+þät he þrittiges manna mägencräft on his mundgripe häbbe, 381. Blended with
+the negative: pl. III. þät be Sæ-Geátas sêlran näbben tô geceósenne cyning
+ænigne, _that the Sea-Geátas will have no better king than you to choose_,
+1851; imp. hafa nu and geheald hûsa sêlest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
+3018; pret. sg. häfde, 79, 518, 554; pl. häfdon, 539.--2) used as an
+auxiliary with the pret. part.: pres. sg. I. häbbe ic ... ongunnen, 408;
+häbbe ic ... geâhsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafað, 474, 596;
+pret. sg. häfde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc.; pl. häfdon, 117,
+695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nu scealc hafað dæd gefremede,
+940; häfde se gôda ... cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
+formed the compounds: bord-, rond-häbbend.
+
+for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte wäfre môd
+forhabban in hreðre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
+breast_, 1152; ne mihte þâ for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
+
+wið-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þät se wînsele
+wið-häfde heaðo-deórum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
+773.
+
+hafela, heafola, w. m., _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
+1781; nâ þu mînne þearft hafalan hýdan, 446; þonne we on orlege hafelan
+weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwîta helm
+hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
+heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121.--Comp. wîg-heafola.
+
+hafenian, w. v., _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. wæpen hafenade heard be
+hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
+
+hafoc, st. m., _hawk_: nom. sg., 2264.
+
+haga, w. m., _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. tô
+hagan, 2893, 2961.
+
+haga, w. m. See ân-haga.
+
+hama, homa, w. m., _dress_: in the comp. flæsc-, fyrd-, lîc-hama, scîr-ham
+(adj.).
+
+hamer, st. m., _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lâfe
+(swords), 2830.
+
+hand, hond, st. f., _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sió swîðre ... hand, _the right
+hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc. sg. hand, 558, 984; hond, 657,
+687, 835, 928, etc.; dat. sg. on handa, 495, 540; mid handa, 747, 2721; be
+honda, 815; dat. pl. (as instr.) hondum, 1444, 2841.
+
+hand-bana, w. m., _murderer with the hand_, or _in hand-to-hand combat_:
+dat. sg. tô hand-bonan (-banan), 460, 1331.
+
+hand-gemôt, st. n., _hand-to-hand conflict, battle_: gen. pl. (ecg) þolode
+ær fela hand-gemôta, 1527; nô þät läsest wäs hond-gemôta, 2356.
+
+hand-gesella, w. m., _hand-companion, man of the retinue_: dat. pl.
+hond-gesellum, 1482.
+
+hand-gestealla, w. m., _(one whose position is near at hand), comrade,
+companion, attendant_: dat. sg. hond-gesteallan, 2170; nom. pl.
+hand-gesteallan, 2597.
+
+hand-geweorc, st. n., _work done with the hands_, i.e. achievement in
+battle: dat. sg. for þäs hild-fruman hondgeweorce, 2836.
+
+hand-gewriðen, pret. part. _hand-wreathed, bound with the hand._ acc. pl.
+wälbende ... hand-gewriðene, 1938.
+
+hand-locen, pret. part., _joined, united by hand_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne,
+lîc-syrce) hondlocen (because the shirts of mail consisted of interlaced
+rings), 322, 551.
+
+hand-ræs, st. m., _hand-battle_, i.e. combat with the hands: nom. sg.
+hond-ræs, 2073.
+
+hand-scalu, st. f., _hand-attendance, retinue_: dat. sg. mid his hand-scale
+(hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+hand-sporu, st. f., _finger_ (on Grendel's hand), under the figure of a
+spear: nom. pl. hand-sporu, 987.
+
+hand-wundor, st. n., _wonder done by the hand, wonderful handwork_: gen.
+pl. hond-wundra mæst, 2769.
+
+hangan. See hôn.
+
+hangian, w. v., _to hang_: pres. sg. III. þonne his sunu hangað hrefne to
+hrôðre, _when his son hangs, a joy to the ravens_, 2448; pl. III. ofer þäm
+(mere) hongiað hrîmge bearwas, _over which frosty forests hang_, 1364; inf.
+hangian, 1663; pret. hangode, _hung down_, 2086.
+
+hatian, w. v. w. acc., _to hate, to be an enemy to, to hurt_: inf. he þone
+heaðo-rinc hatian ne meahte lâðum dædum (_could not do him any harm_),
+2467; pret. sg. hû se gûð-sceaða Geáta leóde hatode and hýnde, 2320.
+
+hâd, st. m., _form, condition, position, manner_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd,
+_in a powerful manner_, 1336; on gesîðes hâd, _in the position of follower,
+as follower_, 1298; on sweordes hâd, _in the form of a sword_, 2194. See
+under on.
+
+hâdor, st. m., _clearness, brightness_: acc. sg. under heofenes hâdor, 414.
+
+hâdor, adj., _clear, fresh, loud_: nom. sg. scop hwîlum sang hâdor on
+Heorote, 497.
+
+hâdre, adv., _clearly, brightly_, 1572.
+
+hâl, adj., _hale, whole, sound, unhurt_: nom. sg. hâl, 300. With gen.
+heaðo-lâces hâl, _safe from battle_, 1975. As form of salutation, wes ...
+hâl, 407; dat. sg. hâlan lîce, 1504.
+
+hâlig, adj., _holy_: nom. sg. hâlig god, 381, 1554; hâlig dryhten, 687.
+
+hâm, st. m., _home, residence, estate, land_: acc. sg. hâm, 1408; Hrôðgâres
+hâm, 718. Usually in adverbial sense: gewât him hâm, _betook himself home_,
+1602; tô hâm, 124, 374, 2993; fram hâm, _at home_, 194; ät hâm, _at home_,
+1249, 1924, 1157; gen. sg. hâmes, 2367; acc. pl. hâmas, 1128.--Comp.
+Finnes-hâm, 1157.
+
+hâm-weorðung, st. f., _honor_ or _ornament of home_: acc. sg. hâm-weorðunge
+(designation of the daughter of Hygelâc, given in marriage to Eofor), 2999.
+
+hâr, adj., _gray_: nom. sg. hâr hilde-rinc, 1308, 3137; acc. sg. under
+(ofer) hârne stân, 888, 1416, 2554; hâre byrnan (i.e. iron shirt of mail),
+2154; dat. sg. hârum hildfruman, 1679; f. on heáre hæðe (on heaw ... h ...
+ðe, MS.), 2213; gen. sg. hâres, _of the old man_, 2989.--Comp. un-hâr.
+
+hât, adj., _hot, glowing, flaming_ nom sg., 1617, 2297, 2548, 2559, etc.;
+wyrm hât gemealt, _the drake hot_ (of his own heat) _melted_, 898; acc.
+sg., 2282(?); inst. sg. hâtan heolfre, 850, 1424; g. sg. heaðu-fýres hâtes,
+2523; acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas, 2820.--Sup.: hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
+
+hât, st. n., _heat, fire_: acc. sg. geseah his mondryhten ... hât þrowian,
+_saw his lord endure the_ (drake's) _heat_, 2606.
+
+hata, w. m., _persecutor_; in comp. dæd-hata.
+
+hâtan, st. v.: 1) _to bid, to order, to direct_, with acc. and inf., and
+acc. of the person: pres. sg. I. ic maguþegnas mîne hâte ... flotan eówerne
+ârum healdan, _I bid my thanes take good care of your craft_, 293; imp. sg.
+II. hât in gân ... sibbegedriht, 386; pl. II. hâtað heaðo-mære hlæw
+gewyrcean, 2803; inf. þät healreced hâtan wolde ... men gewyrcean, _that he
+wished to command men to build a hall-edifice_, 68. Pret. sg. hêht: hêht
+... eahta mearas ... on flet teón, _gave command to bring eight horses into
+the hall_, 1036; þonne ænne hêht golde forgyldan, _commanded to make good
+that one with gold_, 1054; hêht þâ þät heaðo-weorc tô hagan biódan,
+_ordered the combat to be announced at the hedge_(?), 2893; swâ se snottra
+hêht, _as the wise_ (Hrôðgâr) _directed_, 1787; so, 1808, 1809. hêt: hêt
+him ýðlidan gôdne gegyrwan, _ordered a good vessel to be prepared for him_,
+198; so, hêt, 391, 1115, 3111. As the form of a wish: hêt hine wel brûcan,
+1064; so, 2813; pret. part. þâ wäs hâten hraðe Heort innan-weard folmum
+gefrätwod, _forthwith was ordered Heorot, adorned by hand on the inside_
+(i.e. that the edifice should be adorned by hand on the inside), 992.--2)
+_to name, to call_: pres. subj. III. pl. þät hit sælîðend ... hâtan
+Biówulfes biorh, _that mariners may call it Beówulf's grave-mound_, 2807;
+pret. part. wäs se grimma gäst Grendel hâten, 102; so, 263, 373, 2603.
+
+ge-hâtan, _to promise, to give one's word, to vow, to threaten_: pres. sg.
+I. ic hit þe gehâte, 1393; so, 1672; pret. sg. he me mêde gehêt, _promised
+me reward_, 2135; him fägre gehêt leána (gen. pl.), _promised them proper
+reward_, 2990; weán oft gehêt earmre teohhe, _with woe often threatened the
+unhappy band_, 2938; pret. pl. gehêton ät härgtrafum wig-weorðunga, _vowed
+offerings at the shrines of the gods_, 175; þonne we gehêton ûssum hlâforde
+þät ..., _when we promised our lord that_..., 2635; pret. part. sió gehâten
+[wäs] ... gladum suna Frôdan, _betrothed to the glad son of Froda_, 2025.
+
+hâtor, st. m. n., _heat_: in comp. and-hâtor.
+
+häft, adj., _held, bound, fettered_: nom. sg., 2409; acc. sg. helle häftan,
+_him fettered by hell_ (Grendel), 789.
+
+häft-mêce, st. m., _sword with fetters_ or _chains_ (cf. fetel-hilt): dat.
+sg. þäm häft-mêce, 1458. See Note.
+
+häg-steald, st. m., _man, liegeman, youth_: gen. pl. häg-stealdra, 1890.
+
+häle, st. m., _man_: nom. sg., 1647, 1817, 3112; acc. sg. häle, 720; dat.
+pl. hælum (hænum, MS.), 1984.
+
+häleð, st. m., _hero, fighter, warrior, man_: nom. sg., 190, 331, 1070;
+nom. pl. häleð, 52, 2248, 2459, 3143; dat. pl. häleðum 1710, 1962, etc.;
+gen. pl. häleða, 467, 497, 612, 663, etc.
+
+härg. See hearg.
+
+hæð, st. f., _heath_: dat. sg. hæðe, 2213.
+
+hæðen, adj., _heathenish_; acc. sg. hæðene sâwle, 853; dat. sg. hæðnum
+horde, 2217; gen. sg. hæðenes, _of the heathen_ (Grendel), 987; gen. pl.
+hæðenra, 179.
+
+hæð-stapa, w. m., _that which goes about on the heath_ (stag): nom. sg.,
+1369
+
+hæl, st. f.: 1) _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. him hæl âbeád, 654; mid
+hæle, 1218.--2) _favorable sign, favorable omen_: hæl sceáwedon, _observed
+favorable signs_ (for Beówulf's undertaking), 204.
+
+hælo, st. f., _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. hælo âbeád heorð-geneátum,
+2419.--Comp. un-hælo.
+
+hæst (O.H.G. haisterâ hantî, manu violenta; heist, ira; heistigo,
+iracunde), adj., _violent, vehement_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd, 1336.
+
+he, fem. heó, neut. hit, pers. pron., _he, she, it_; in the oblique cases
+also reflexive, _himself, herself, itself_: acc. sg. hine, hî, hit; dat.
+sg. him, hire, him; gen. sg. his, hire, his; plur. acc. nom. hî, hig, hie;
+dat. him; gen. hira, heora, hiera, hiora.--he omitted before the verb, 68,
+300, 2309, 2345.
+
+hebban, st. v., _to raise, to lift_, w. acc.: inf. siððan ic hond and rond
+hebban mihte, 657; pret. part. hafen, 1291; häfen, 3024.
+
+â-hebban, _raise, to lift from, to take away_: wäs ... icge gold âhafen of
+horde, _taken up from the hoard_, 1109; þâ wäs ... wôp up âhafen, _a cry of
+distress raised_, 128
+
+ge-hegan [ge-hêgan], w. v., _to enclose, to fence_: þing gehegan, _to mark
+off the court, hold court_. Here figurative: inf. sceal ... âna gehegan
+þing wið þyrse (_shall alone decide the matter with Grendel_), 425.
+
+hel, st. f., _hell_: nom. sg., 853; acc. sg. helle, 179; dat. sg. helle,
+101, 589; (as instr.), 789; gen. sg. helle, 1275.
+
+hel-bend, st. m. f. _bond of hell_: instr. pl. hell-bendum fäst, 3073.
+
+hel-rûna, w. m., _sorcerer_: nom. pl. helrûnan, 163.
+
+be-helan, st. v., _to conceal, to hide_: pret. part. be-holen, 414.
+
+helm, st. m.: 1) _protection in general, defence, covering that protects_:
+acc. sg. on helm, 1393; under helm, 1746.--2) _helmet_: nom. sg., 1630;
+acc. sg. helm, 673, 1023, 1527, 2988; (helo, MS.), 2724; brûn-fâgne,
+gold-fâhne helm, 2616, 2812; dat. sg. under helme, 342, 404; gen. sg.
+helmes, 1031; acc. pl. helmas, 240, 2639.--3) _defence, protector_,
+designation of the king: nom. sg. helm Scyldinga (Hrôðgâr), 371, 456, 1322;
+acc. sg. heofena helm _(the defender of the heavens_ = God), 182; helm
+Scylfinga, 2382.--Comp.: grîm-, gûð-, heaðo-, niht-helm.
+
+ofer-helmian, w. v. w. acc., _to cover over, to overhang_: pres. sg. III.
+ofer-helmað, 1365.
+
+helm-berend, pres. part., _helm-wearing_ (warrior): acc. pl. helmberend,
+2518, 2643.
+
+helpan, st. v., _to help_: inf. þät him holt-wudu helpan ne meahte, lind
+wið lîge, _that a wooden shield could not help him, a linden shield against
+flame_, 2341; þät him îrenna ecge mihton helpan ät hilde, 2685; wutun
+gangan to, helpan hildfruman, _let us go thitherto help the battle-chief_,
+2650; w. gen. ongan ... mæges helpan, _began to help my kinsman_, 2880; so,
+pret. sg. þær he his mæges (MS. mägenes) healp, 2699.
+
+help, m. and f., _help, support, maintenance_: acc. sg. helpe, 551, 1553;
+dat. sg. tô helpe, 1831; acc. sg. helpe, 2449.
+
+hende, _-handed_: in comp. îdel-hende.
+
+her, adv., _here_, 397, 1062, 1229, 1655, 1821, 2054, 2797, etc.; _hither_,
+244, 361, 376.
+
+here (Goth, harji-s), st. m., _army, troops_: dat. sg. on herge, _in the
+army, on a warlike expedition, 1249; in the army, among the fighting men_,
+2639; as instr. herge, 2348.--Comp.: flot-, scip-, sin-here.
+
+here-brôga, w. m., _terror of the army, fear of war_: dat. sg. for
+here-brôgan, 462.
+
+here-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, coat of mail_: nom. sg., 1444.
+
+here-grîma, w. m., _battle-mask_, i.e. helmet (with visor): dat. sg.
+-grîman, 396, 2050, 2606.
+
+here-net, st. n., _battle-net_, i.e. coat of mail (of interlaced rings):
+nom. sg., 1554.
+
+here-nîð, st. m., _battle-enmity, battle of armies_: nom. sg., 2475.
+
+here-pâd, st. f., _army-dress_, i.e. coat of mail, armor: nom. sg., 2259.
+
+here-rinc, st. m., _army-hero, hero in battle, warrior_: acc. sg. here-rinc
+(MS. here ric), 1177.
+
+here-sceaft, st. m., _battle-shaft_, i.e. spear: gen. pl. here-sceafta
+heáp, 335.
+
+here-spêd, st. f., _(war-speed), luck in war_: nom. sg., 64.
+
+here-stræl, st. m., _war-arrow, missile_: nom. sg., 1436.
+
+here-syrce, w. f., _battle-shirt, shirt of mail_: acc. sg. here-syrcan,
+1512.
+
+here-wæd, st. f., _army-dress, coat of mail, armor_: dat. pl. (as instr.)
+here-wædum, 1898.
+
+here-wæsma, w. m., _war-might, fierce strength in battle_: dat. pl. an
+here-wæsmum, 678.--Leo.
+
+here-wîsa, w. m., _leader of the army_, i.e. ruler, king: nom. sg., 3021.
+
+herg, hearg, st. m., _image of a god, grove where a god was worshipped_,
+hence to the Christian a wicked place(?): dat. pl. hergum geheaðerod,
+_confined in wicked places_ (parallel with hell-bendum fäst), 3073.
+
+herigean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to provide with an army, to support with
+an army_: pres. sg. I. ic þe wel herige, 1834.--Leo.
+
+hete, st. m., _hate, enmity_: nom. sg. 142, 2555.--Comp.: ecg-, morðor-,
+wîg-hete.
+
+hete-lîc, adj., _hated_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+hetend, hettend, (pres. part. of hetan, see hatian), _enemy_, hostis: nom.
+pl. hetende, 1829; dat. pl. wið hettendum, 3005.
+
+hete-nîð, st. m., _enmity full of hate_: acc. pl. hete-nîðas, 152.
+
+hete-sweng, st. m., _a blow from hate_: acc. pl. hete-swengeas, 2226.
+
+hete-þanc, st. m., _hate-thought, a hostile design_: dat. pl. mid his
+hete-þancum, 475.
+
+hêdan, ge-hêdan, w. v. w. gen.: 1) _to protect_: pret. sg. ne hêdde he þäs
+heafolan, _did not protect his head_, 2698.--2) _to obtain_: subj. pret.
+sg. III. gehêdde, 505.
+
+hêrian, w. v. w. acc., _to praise, to commend_: with reference to God, _to
+adore_: inf. heofena helm hêrian ne cûðon, _could not worship the defence
+of the heavens_ (God), 182; ne hûru Hildeburh hêrian þorfte Eotena treówe,
+_had no need to praise the fidelity of the Eotens_, 1072; pres. subj. þät
+mon his wine-dryhten wordum hêrge, 3177.
+
+ge-heaðerian, w. v., _to force, to press in_: pret. part. ge-heaðerod,
+3073.
+
+heaðo-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, shirt of mail_: nom. sg., 1553.
+
+heaðo-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave_: nom. sg., 689; dat. pl.
+heaðo-deórum, 773.
+
+heaðo-fyr, st. n., _battle-fire, hostile fire_: gen. sg. heaðu-fýres, 2523;
+instr. pl. heaðo-fýrum, 2548, of the drake's fire-spewing.
+
+heaðo-grim, adj., _grim in battle_, 548.
+
+heaðo-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet, war-helmet_: nom. sg., 3157(?).
+
+heaðo-lâc, st. n., _battle-play, battle_: dat. sg. ät heaðo-lâce, 584; gen.
+sg. heaðo-lâces hâl, 1975.
+
+heaðo-mære, adj., _renowned in battle_: acc. pl. -mære, 2803.
+
+heaðo-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack in battle, entrance by force_:
+nom. sg., 557; acc. pl. -ræsas, 1048; gen. pl. -ræsa, 526.
+
+heaðo-reáf, st. n., _battle-dress, equipment for battle_: acc. sg.
+heaðo-reáf heóldon (_kept the equipments_), 401.
+
+heaðo-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: acc. sg. þone heaðo-rinc
+(Hrêðel's son, Hæðcyn), 2467; dat. pl. þæm heaðo-rincum, 370.
+
+heaðo-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 381; nom. pl. heaðo-rôfe,
+865.
+
+heaðo-scearp, adj., _sharp in battle, bold_: n. m. pl. (-scearde, MS.),
+2830.
+
+heaðo-seóc, adj., _battle-sick_: dat. sg. -siócum, 2755.
+
+heaðo-steáp, adj., _high in battle, excelling in battle_: nom. sg. in weak
+form, heaðo-steápa, 1246; acc. sg. heaðo-steápne, 2154, both times of the
+helmet.
+
+heaðo-swât, st. m., _blood of battle_: dat. sg. heaðo-swâte, 1607; as
+instr., 1461; gen. pl. hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
+
+heaðo-sweng, st. m., _battle-stroke_ (blow of the sword): dat. sg. äfter
+heaðu-swenge, 2582.
+
+heaðo-torht, adj., _loud, clear in battle_: nom. sg. stefn ... heaðo-torht,
+_the voice clear in battle_, 2554.
+
+heaðo-wæd, st. f., _battle-dress, coat of mail, armor_: instr. pl.
+heaðo-wædum, 39.
+
+heaðo-weorc, st. n., _battle-work, battle_: acc. sg., 2893.
+
+heaðo-wylm, st. m., _hostile (flame-) wave_: acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas,
+2820; gen. pl. heaðo-wylma, 82.
+
+heaf, st. n., _sea_: acc. pl. ofer heafo, 2478. See Note.
+
+heafola. See hafela.
+
+heal, st. f., _hall, main apartment, large building_ (consisting of an
+assembly-hall and a banqueting-hall): nom. sg. heal, 1152, 1215; heall,
+487; acc. sg. healle, 1088; dat. sg. healle, 89, 615, 643, 664, 926, 1010,
+1927, etc.; gen. sg. [healle], 389.--Comp.: gif-, meodo-heal.
+
+heal-ärn, st. n., _hall-building, hall-house_: gen. sg. heal-ärna, 78.
+
+heal-gamen, st. n., _social enjoyment in the hall, hall-joy_: nom. sg.,
+1067.
+
+heal-reced, st. n., _hall-building_: acc. sg., 68.
+
+heal-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_ (at the banquet): dat. pl.
+heal-sittendum, 2869; gen. pl. heal-sittendra, 2016.
+
+heal-þegn, st. m., _hall-thane_, i.e. a warrior who holds the hall: gen.
+sg. heal-þegnes, of Grendel, 142; acc. pl. heal-þegnas, of Beówulfs band,
+720.
+
+heal-wudu, _hall-wood_, i.e. hall built of wood: nom. sg., 1318.
+
+healdan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to hold, to hold fast; to support_: pret. pl.
+hû þâ stânbogan ... êce eorðreced innan heóldon (MS. healde), _how the
+arches of rock within held the everlasting earth-house_, 2720. Pret. sg.,
+with a person as object: heóld hine to fäste, _held him too fast_, 789; w.
+the dat. he him freóndlârum heóld, _supported him with friendly advice_,
+2378.--2) _to hold, to watch, to preserve, to keep_; reflexive, _to
+maintain one's self, to keep one's self_: pres. sg. II. eal þu hit geþyldum
+healdest, mägen mid môdes snyttrum, _all that preservest thou continuously,
+strength and wisdom of mind_, 1706; III. healdeð hige-mêðum heáfod-wearde,
+_holds for the dead the head-watch_, 2910; imp. sg. II. heald forð tela
+niwe sibbe, _keep well, from now on, the new relationship_, 949; heald
+(heold, MS.) þu nu hruse ... eorla æhte, _preserve thou now, Earth, the
+noble men's possessions_, 2248; inf. se þe holmclifu healdan scolde, _watch
+the sea-cliffs_, 230; so, 705; nacan ... ârum healdan, _to keep well your
+vessel_, 296; wearde healdan, 319; forlêton eorla gestreón eorðan healdan,
+3168; pres. part. dreám healdende, _holding rejoicing_ (i.e. thou who art
+rejoicing), 1228; pret. sg. heóld hine syððan fyr and fästor, _kept himself
+afterwards afar and more secure_, 142; ægwearde heóld, _I have (hitherto)
+kept watch on the sea_, 241; so, 305; hióld heáh-lufan wið häleða brego,
+_preserved high love_, 1955; ginfästan gife ... heóld, 2184; gold-mâðmas
+heóld, _took care of the treasures of gold_, 2415; heóld mîn tela,
+_protected well mine own_, 2738; þonne ... sceft ... nytte heóld, _had
+employment, was employed_, 3119; heóld mec, _protected_, i.e. brought me
+up, 2431; pret. pl. heaðo-reáf heóldon, _watched over the armor_, 401; sg.
+for pl. heáfodbeorge ... walan ûtan heóld, _outwards, bosses kept guard
+over the head_, 1032.--Related to the preceding meaning are the two
+following: 3) _to rule and protect the fatherland_: inf. gif þu healdan
+wylt maga rice, 1853; pret. heóld, 57, 2738.--4) _to hold, to have, to
+possess, to inhabit_: inf. lêt þone brego-stôl Beówulf healdan, 2390;
+gerund. tô healdanne hleóburh wera, 1732; pret. sg. heóld, 103, 161, 466,
+1749, 2752; lyftwynne heóld nihtes hwîlum, _at night-time had the enjoyment
+of the air_, 3044; pret. pl. Geáta leóde hreâwic heóldon, _the Geátas held
+the place of corpses_ (lay dead upon it), 1215; pret. sg. þær heó ær mæste
+heóld worolde wynne, _in which she formerly possessed the highest earthly
+joy_, 1080.--5) _to win, to receive_: pret. pl. I. heoldon heáh gesceap,
+_we received a heavy fate, heavy fate befell us_, 3085.
+
+be-healdan, w. acc.: 1) _to take care of, to attend to_: pret. sg. þegn
+nytte beheóld, _a thane discharged the office_, 494; so, 668.--2) _to
+hold_: pret. sg. se þe flôda begong ... beheóld, 1499.--3) _to look at, to
+behold_: þryðswyð beheóld mæg Higelâces hû ..., _great woe saw H.'s
+kinsman, how ..._, 737.
+
+for-healdan, w. acc., _(to hold badly), to fall away from, to rebel_: pret.
+part. häfdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, _had rebelled against the
+defender of the Scylfings_, 2382.
+
+ge-healdan: 1) _to hold, to receive, to hold fast_: pres. sg. III. se þe
+waldendes hyldo gehealdeð, _who receives the Lord's grace_, 2294; pres.
+subj. fäder alwalda ... eówic gehealde sîða gesunde, _keep you sound on
+your journey_, 317; inf. ne meahte he ... on þam frum-gâre feorh gehealdan,
+_could not hold back the life in his lord_, 2857.--2) _to take care, to
+preserve, to watch over; to stop_: imp. sg. hafa nu and geheald hûsa
+sêlest, 659; inf. gehealdan hêt hilde-geatwe, 675; pret. sg. he frätwe
+geheóld fela missera, 2621; þone þe ær geheóld wið hettendum hord and rîce,
+_him who before preserved treasure and realm_, 3004.--3) _to rule_: inf.
+folc gehealdan, 912; pret. sg. geheóld tela (brâde rîce), 2209.
+
+healf, st. f., _half, side, part_: acc. sg. on þâ healfe, _towards this
+side_, 1676; dat. sg. häleðum be healfe, _at the heroes' side_, 2263; acc.
+pl. on twâ healfa, _upon two sides, mutually_, 1096; on bâ healfa (healfe),
+_on both sides_ (to Grendel and his mother), 1306; _on two sides, on both
+sides_, 2064; gen. pl. on healfa gehwone, _in half, through the middle_,
+801.
+
+healf, adj., _half_: gen. sg. healfre, 1088.
+
+heals, st. m., _neck_: acc. sg. heals, 2692; dat. sg. wið halse, 1567; be
+healse, 1873.--Comp.: the adjectives fâmig-, wunden-heals.
+
+heals-beáh, st. m., _neck-ring, collar_: acc. sg. þone heals-beáh, 2173;
+gen. pl. heals-beága, 1196.
+
+heals-gebedde, w. f., _beloved bedfellow, wife_: nom. sg. healsgebedde (MS.
+healsgebedda), 63.
+
+healsian, w. v. w. acc., _to entreat earnestly, to implore_: pret. sg. þâ
+se þeóden mec ... healsode hreóh-môd þät..., _entreated me sorrowful,
+that_..., 2133.
+
+heard, adj.: 1) of persons, _able, efficient in war, strong, brave_: nom.
+sg. heard, 342, 376, 404, 1575, 2540, etc.; in weak form, se hearda, 401,
+1964; se hearda þegn, 2978; þes hearda heáp, 432; nom. pl. hearde
+hilde-frecan, 2206; gen. pl. heardra, 989. Comparative: acc. sg. heardran
+häle, 720. With accompanying gen.: wîges heard, _strong in battle_, 887;
+dat. sg. nîða heardum, 2171.--2) of the implements of war, _good, firm,
+sharp, hard_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne, lîc-syrce) heard, 322, 551. In weak
+form: masc. here-stræl hearda, 1436; se hearda helm, 2256; neutr. here-net
+hearde, 1554; acc. sg. (swurd, wæpen), heard, 540, 2688, 2988; nom. pl.
+hearde ... homera lâfe, 2830; heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón,
+2038; acc. pl. heard sweord, 2639. Of other things, _hard, rough, harsh,
+hard to bear_: acc. sg. hreðer-bealo hearde, 1344; nom. sg. wrôht ...
+heard, 2915; here-nîð hearda, 2475; acc. sg. heoro-sweng heardne, 1591;
+instr. sg. heardan ceápe, 2483; instr. pl. heardan, heardum clammum, 964,
+1336; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166. Compar.: acc. sg. heardran feohtan,
+576.--Comp.: fýr-, îren-, nîð-, regn-, scûr-heard.
+
+hearde, adv., _hard, very_, 1439.
+
+heard-ecg, adj., _sharp-edged, hard, good in battle_: nom. sg., 1289.
+
+heard-fyrde, adj., _hard to take away, heavy_: acc. sg. hard-fyrdne,
+2246.--Leo.
+
+heard-hycgend, pres. part. _of a warlike disposition, brave_: nom. pl.
+-hicgende, 394, 800.
+
+hearg-träf, st. n., _tent of the gods, temple_: dat. pl. ät härg-trafum
+(MS. hrærg trafum), 175.
+
+hearm, st. m., _harm, injury, insult_: dat. sg. mid hearme, 1893.
+
+hearm-sceaða, w. m., _enemy causing injury_ or _grief_: nom. sg.
+hearm-scaða, 767.
+
+hearpe, w. f., _harp_: gen. sg. hearpan swêg, 89, 3024; hearpan wynne
+(wyn), 2108, 2263.
+
+heáðu, st. f., _sea, waves_: acc. sg. heáðu, 1863?
+
+heáðu-lîðend, pres. part., _sea-farer, sailor_: nom. pl. -lîðende, 1799;
+dat. pl. -lîðendum (designation of the Geátas), 2956.
+
+heáfod, st. n., _head_: acc. sg., 48, 1640; dat. sg. heáfde, 1591, 2291,
+2974; dat. pl. heáfdum, 1243.
+
+heáfod-beorh, st. f., _head-defence, protection for the head_: acc. sg.
+heáfod-beorge, 1031.
+
+heáfod-mæg, st. m., _head-kinsman, near blood-relative_: dat. pl.
+heáfod-mægum (_brothers_), 589; gen. pl. heáfod-mâga, 2152.
+
+heáfod-segn, st. n., _head-sign, banner_: acc. sg., 2153.
+
+heáfod-weard, st. f., _head-watch_ acc. sg. healdeð ... heáfod-wearde
+leófes and lâðes, _for the friend and the foe_ (Beówulf and the drake, who
+lie dead near each other), 2910.
+
+heáh, heá, adj., _high, noble_ (in composition, also primus): nom. sg. heáh
+Healfdene, 57; heá (Higelâc), 1927; heáh (sele), 82; heáh hlæw, 2806, 3159;
+acc. sg. heáh (segn), 48, 2769; heáhne (MS. heánne) hrôf, 984; dat. sg. in
+(tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920; gen. sg. heán hûses, 116.--_high, heavy_:
+acc. heáh gesceap (_an unusual, heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+heá-burh, st. f., _high city, first city of a country_: acc. sg., 1128.
+
+heáh-cyning, st. m., _high king, mightiest of the kings_: gen. sg.
+-cyninges (of Hrôðgâr), 1040.
+
+heáh-gestreón, st. n., _splendid treasure_: gen. pl. -gestreóna, 2303.
+
+heáh-lufe, w. f., _high love_: acc. sg. heáh-lufan, 1955.
+
+heáh-sele, st. m., _high hall, first hall in the land, hall of the ruler_:
+dat. sg. heáh-sele, 648.
+
+heáh-setl, st. n., _high seat, throne_: acc. sg., 1088.
+
+heáh-stede, st. m., _high place, ruler's place_: dat. sg. on heáh-stede,
+285.
+
+heán, adj., _depressed, low, despised, miserable_: nom. sg., 1275, 2100,
+2184, 2409.
+
+heáp, st. m., _heap, crowd, troop_: nom. sg. þegna heáp, 400; þes hearda
+heáp, _this brave band_, 432; acc. sg. here-sceafta heáp, _the crowd of
+spears_, 335; mago-rinca heáp, 731; dat. sg. on heápe, _in a compact body_,
+as many as there were of them, 2597.--Comp. wîg-heáp.
+
+heáwan, st. v., _to hew, to cleave_: inf., 801.
+
+ge-heáwan, _cleave_: pres. subj. ge-heáwe, 683.
+
+heoðu, st. f., _the interior of a building_: dat. sg. þät he on heoðe
+gestôd, _in the interior_ (of the hall, Heorot), 404.
+
+heofon, st. m., _heaven_: nom. sg., 3157; dat. sg. hefene, 1572; gen. sg.
+heofenes, 414, 576, 1802, etc.; gen. pl. heofena, 182; dat. pl. under
+heofenum, 52, 505.
+
+heolfor, st. n., _gore, fresh_ or _crude blood_: dat. instr. sg. hâtan
+heolfre, 850, 1424; heolfre, 2139; under heolfre, 1303.
+
+heolster, st. n., _haunt, hiding-place_: acc. sg. on heolster, 756.
+
+heonan, adv., _hence, from here_: heonan, 252; heonon, 1362.
+
+heor, st. m., _door-hinge_: nom. pl. heorras, 1000.
+
+heorde, adj. See wunden-heorde.
+
+heorð-geneát, st. m., _hearth-companion_, i.e. a vassal of the king, in
+whose castle he receives his livelihood: nom. pl. heorð-geneátas, 261,
+3181; acc. pl. heorð-geneátas, 1581, 2181; dat. pl. heorð-geneátum, 2419.
+
+heorot, st. m., _stag_: nom. sg., 1370.
+
+heorte, w. f., _heart_: nom. sg., 2562; dat. sg. ät heortan, 2271; gen. sg.
+heortan, 2464, 2508.--Comp.: the adjectives blîð-, grom-, rûm-,
+stearc-heort.
+
+heoru, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg. heoru bunden (cf. under bîndan), 1286. In
+some of the following compounds heoro- seems to be confounded with here-
+(see here).
+
+heoro-blâc, adj., _pale through the sword, fatally wounded_: nom. sg.
+[heoro-]blâc, 2489.
+
+heoru-dreór, st. m., _sword-blood_: instr. sg. heoru-dreóre, 487;
+heoro-dreóre, 850.
+
+heoro-dreórig, adj., _bloody through the sword_: nom. sg., 936; acc. sg.
+heoro-dreórigne, 1781, 2721.
+
+heoro-drync, st. m., _sword-drink_, i.e. blood shed by the sword: instr.
+pl. hioro-dryncum swealt, _died through sword-drink_, i.e. struck by the
+sword, 2359.
+
+heoro-gîfre, adj., _eager for hostile inroads_: nom. sg., 1499.
+
+heoro-grim, adj., _sword-grim, fierce in battle_: nom. sg. m., 1565; fem.
+-grimme, 1848.
+
+heoro-hôcihte, adj., _provided with barbs, sharp like swords _: instr. pl.
+mid eofer-spreótum heoro-hôcyhtum, 1439.
+
+heoro-serce, w. f., _shirt of mail_: acc. sg. hioro-sercean, 2540.
+
+heoro-sweng, st. m., _sword-stroke_: acc. sg. 1591.
+
+heoro-weallende, pres. part., _rolling around fighting_, of the drake,
+2782. See weallian.
+
+heoro-wearh, st. m. _he who is sword-cursed, who is destined to die by the
+sword_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+heófan, w. v., _to lament, to moan_: part. nom. pl. hiófende, 3143.
+
+â-heóran, _to free_ (?): w. acc. pret. sg. brýd âheórde, 2931.
+
+heóre, adj., _pleasant, not haunted, secure_: nom. sg. fem, nis þät heóru
+stôw, _that is no secure place_, 1373.--Comp. un-heóre (-hýre).
+
+hider, adv., _hither_, 240, 370, 394, 3093, etc.
+
+ofer-higian, w. v. (according to the connection, probably), _to exceed_,
+2767. (O.H.G. ubar-hugjan, _to be arrogant_.)
+
+hild, st. f., _battle, combat_: nom. sg., 452, 902, 1482, 2077; hild
+heoru-grimme, 1848; acc. sg. hilde, 648; instr. sg. hilde, _through
+combat_, 2917; dat. sg. ät hilde, 1461.
+
+hilde-bil, st. n., _battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1667; instr. dat. sg.
+hilde-bille, 557, 1521.
+
+hilde-bord, st. n., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. hilde-bord, 397; instr. pl.
+-bordum, 3140.
+
+hilde-cyst, st. f., _excellence in battle, bravery in battle_: instr. pl.
+-cystum, 2599.
+
+hilde-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave in battle_: nom. sg., 312, 835,
+1647, 1817; hilde-diór, 3112; nom. pl. hilde-deóre, 3171.
+
+hilde-freca, w. m., _hero in battle_: nom. pl. hilde-frecan, 2206; dat. sg.
+hild-frecan, 2367.
+
+hilde-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for battle, adornment for combat_:
+acc. hilde-geatwe, 675; gen. -geatwa, 2363.
+
+hilde-gicel, st. m., _battle-icicle_, i.e. the blood which hangs upon the
+sword-blades like icicles: instr. pl. hilde-gicelum, 1607.
+
+hilde-grâp, st. f., _battle-gripe_: nom. sg., 1447, 2508.
+
+hilde-hlemma, w. m., _one raging in battle, warrior, fighter_: nom. sg.,
+2352, 2545; dat. pl. eft þät ge-eode ... hilde-hlämmum, _it happened to the
+warriors_ (the Geátas), 2202.
+
+hilde-leóma, w. m., _battle-light, gleam of battle_, hence: 1) the
+fire-spewing of the drake in the fight: nom. pl. -leóman, 2584.--2) _the
+gleaming sword_: acc. sg. -leóman, 1144.
+
+hilde-mecg, st. m., _man of battle, warrior_: nom. pl. hilde-mecgas, 800.
+
+hilde-mêce, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. -mêceas, 2203.
+
+hilde-rand, st. m., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. -randas, 1243.
+
+hllde-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle_: acc. sg., 300.
+
+hilde-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 1308, 3125,
+3137; dat. sg. hilde-rince, 1496; gen. sg. hilde-rinces, 987.
+
+hilde-säd, adj., _satiated with battle, not wishing to fight any more_:
+acc. sg. hilde-sädne, 2724.
+
+hilde-sceorp, st. n., _battle-dress, armor, coat of mail_: acc. sg., 2156.
+
+hilde-setl, st. n., _battle-seat_ (saddle): nom. sg., 1040.
+
+hilde-strengo, st. f., _battle-strength, bravery in battle_: acc., 2114.
+
+hilde-swât, st. m., _battle-sweat_: nom. sg. hât hilde-swât (the hot, damp
+breath of the drake as he rushes on), 2559.
+
+hilde-tux, st. m., _battle-tooth_: instr. pl. hilde-tuxum, 1512.
+
+hilde-wæpen, st. m., _battle-weapon_: instr. pl. -wæpnum, 39.
+
+hilde-wîsa, w. m., _leader in battle, general_: dat. sg. fore Healfdenes
+hildewîsan, _Healfdene's general_ (Hnäf), 1065.
+
+hild-freca. See hilde-freca
+
+hild-fruma, st. m., _battle-chief_: dat. sg. -fruma, 1679, 2650; gen. sg.
+þäs hild-fruman, 2836.
+
+hlld-lata, w. m., _he who is late in battle, coward_: nom. pl. þâ
+hild-latan, 2847.
+
+hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_: nom. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. þät hilt,
+1669; hylt, 1668. Also used in the plural; acc. þâ hilt, 1615; dat. pl, be
+hiltum, 1575.--Comp.: fetel-, wreoðen-hilt.
+
+hilte-cumbor, st. n., _banner with a staff_: acc. sg., 1023.
+
+hilted, pret. part., _provided with a hilt_ or _handle_: acc. sg. heard
+swyrd hiked, _sword with a_ (rich) _hilt_, 2988.
+
+hin-fûs, adj., _ready to die_: nom. sg. hyge wäs him hinfûs (i.e. he felt
+that he should not survive), 756.
+
+hindema, adj. superl., _hindmost, last_: instr. sg. hindeman sîðe, _the
+last time, for the last time_, 2050, 2518.
+
+hirde, hyrde, st. m., (_herd_) _keeper, guardian, possessor_: nom. sg.
+folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2982; rîces hyrde, 2028; fyrena hyrde, _the
+guardian of mischief, wicked one_, 751, 2220; wuldres hyrde, _the king of
+glory, God_, 932; hringa hyrde, _the keeper of the rings_, 2246; cumbles
+hyrde, _the possessor of the banner, the bearer of the banner_, 2506;
+folces hyrde, 1850; frätwa hyrde, 3134; rîces hyrde, 3081; acc. pl. hûses
+hyrdas, 1667.--Comp.: grund-hyrde.
+
+hit (O.N. hita), st. f. (?), _heat_: nom. sg. þenden hyt sý, 2650.
+
+hladan, st. v.: 1) _to load, to lay_: inf. on bæl hladan leófne mannan,
+_lay the dear man on the funeral-pile_, 2127; him on bearm hladan bunan and
+discas, _laid cups and plates upon his bosom, loaded himself with them_,
+2776; pret. part. þær wäs wunden gold on wæn hladen, _laid upon the wain_,
+3135.--2) _to load, to burden_: pret. part. þâ wäs ... sægeáp naca hladen
+herewædum, _loaded with armor_, 1898.--Comp. gilp-hläden.
+
+ge-hladan, w. acc., _to load, to burden_: pret. sg. sæbât gehlôd (MS
+gehleod), 896.
+
+hlâford, st. m., _lord, ruler_: nom. sg., 2376; acc. sg., 267; dat. sg.
+hlâforde, 2635; gen. sg. hlâfordes, 3181.--Comp. eald-hlâford.
+
+hlâford-leás; adj., _without a lord_: nom. pl. hlâford-leáse, 2936.
+
+hlâw, hlæw, st. m., _grave-hill_: acc. sg. hlæw, 2803, 3159, 3171; dat. sg.
+for hlâwe, 1121. Also, _grave-chamber_ (the interior of the grave-hill),
+_cave_: acc. sg. hlâw [under] hrusan, 2277; hlæw under hrusan, 2412; dat.
+sg. on hlæwe, 2774. The drake dwells in the rocky cavern which the former
+owner of his treasure had chosen as his burial-place, 2242-2271.
+
+hläst, st. n., _burden, load_: dat. sg. hläste, 52.
+
+hlem, st. m., _noise, din of battle, noisy attack_: in the compounds, uht-,
+wäl-hlem.
+
+hlemma, w. m., _one raging, one who calls_; see hilde-hlemma.
+
+â-hlehhan, st. v., _to laugh aloud, to shout, to exult_: pret. sg. his môd
+âhlôg, _his mood exulted_, 731.
+
+hleahtor, st. m., _laughter_: nom. sg., 612; acc. sg., 3021.
+
+hleápan, st. v., _to run, to trot, to spring_: inf. hleápan lêton ...
+fealwe mearas, 865.
+
+â-hleapan, _to spring up_: pret. âhleóp, 1398.
+
+hleoðu. See hlið.
+
+hleonian, w. v., _to incline, to hang over_: inf. oð þät he ...
+fyrgen-beámas ofer hârne stân hleonian funde, _till he found mountain-trees
+hanging over the gray rocks_, 1416.
+
+hleó, st. m., _shady, protected place; defence, shelter_; figurative
+designation of the king, or of powerful nobles: wîgendra hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
+429; of Sigemund, 900; of Beówulf, 1973, 2338; eorla hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
+1036, 1867; of Beówulf, 792; of Hygelâc, 2191.
+
+hleó-burh, st. f., _ruler's castle_ or _city_: acc. sg., 913, 1732.
+
+hleóðor-cwyde, st. m., _speech of solemn sound, ceremonious words_, 1980.
+
+hleór, st. n., _cheek, jaw_: in comp. fäted-hleór (adj.).
+
+hleór-bera, w. m., _cheek-bearer_, the part of the helmet that reaches down
+over the cheek and protects it: acc. pl. ofer hleór-beran (_visor_?), 304.
+
+hleór-bolster, st. m., _cheek-bolster, pillow_: nom. sg., 689.
+
+hleótan, st. v. w. acc., _to obtain by lot, to attain, to get_: pret. sg.
+feorh-wunde hleát, 2386.
+
+hlifian, w. v., _to rise, to be prominent_: inf. hlifian, 2806; pret.
+hlifade, 81, 1800, 1899.
+
+hlið, st. n., _cliff, precipice of a mountain_: dat. sg. on hliðe, 3159;
+gen. sg. hliðes, 1893; pl. hliðo in composition, stân-hliðo; hleoðu in the
+compounds fen-, mist-, näs-, wulf-hleoðu.
+
+hlin-bed (Frisian hlen-bed, Richthofen 206^28, for which another text has
+cronk-bed), st. n., [Greek: klinidion], _bed for reclining, sick-bed_: acc.
+sg. hlim-bed, 3035.
+
+tô-hlîdan, st. v., _to spring apart, to burst_: pret. part. nom. pl.
+tô-hlidene, 1000.
+
+hlûd, adj., _loud_: acc. sg. dreám ... hlûdne, 89.
+
+hlyn, st. m., _din, noise, clatter_: nom. sg., 612.
+
+hlynnan, hlynian, w. v., _to sound, to resound_: inf. hlynnan (of the
+voice), 2554; of fire, _to crackle_: pret. sg. hlynode, 1121.
+
+hlynsian, w. v., _to resound, to crash_: pret. sg. reced hlynsode, 771.
+
+hlytm, st. m., _lot_: dat. sg. näs þâ on hlytme, hwâ þät hord strude, _it
+did not depend upon lot who should plunder the hoard_, i.e. its possession
+was decided, 3127.
+
+hnâh, adj.: 1) _low, inferior_: comp. acc. sg. hnâgran, 678; dat. sg.
+hnâhran rince, _an inferior hero, one less brave_, 953.--2) _familiarly
+intimate_: nom. sg. näs hió hnâh swâ þeáh, _was nevertheless not familiarly
+intimate_ (with the Geátas, i.e. preserved her royal dignity towards them),
+(_niggardly_?), 1930.
+
+hnægan, w. v. w. acc., (for nægan), _to speak to, to greet_: pret. sg. þät
+he þone wîsan wordum hnægde freán Ingwina, 1319.
+
+ge-hnægan, w. acc., _to bend, to humiliate, to strike down, to fell_: pret.
+sg. ge-hnægde helle gâst, 1275; þær hyne Hetware hilde gehnægdon, 2917.
+
+hnitan, st. v., _to dash against, to encounter_, here of the collision of
+hostile bands: pret. pl. þonne hniton (hnitan) fêðan, 1328, 2545.
+
+hoðma, w. m., _place of concealment, cave_, hence, _the grave_: dat. sg. in
+hoðman, 2459.
+
+hof, st. n., _enclosed space, court-yard, estate, manor-house_: acc. sg.
+hof (Hrôðgâr's residence), 312; dat. sg. tô hofe sînum (Grendel's home in
+the sea), 1508; tô hofe (Hygelâc's residence), 1975; acc. pl. beorht hofu,
+2314; dat. pl. tô hofum Geáta, 1837.
+
+hogode. See hycgan.
+
+hold, adj., _inclined to, attached to, gracious, dear, true_: nom. sg. w.
+dat. of the person, hold weorod freán Scyldinga, _a band well disposed to
+the lord of the Scyldings_, 290; mandrihtne hold, 1230; Hygelâce wäs ...
+nefa swýðe hold, _to H. was his nephew_ (Beówulf) _very much attached_,
+2171; acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, _from a kindly feeling, with honorable
+mind_, 267; holdne wine, 376; holdne, 1980; gen. pl. holdra, 487.
+
+hold. See healdan.
+
+holm, st. m., _deep sea_: nom. sg., 519, 1132, 2139; acc. sg., 48, 633;
+dat. sg. holme, 543, 1436, 1915; acc. pl. holmas, 240.--Comp. wæg-holm.
+
+holm-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: dat. sg. on þam holm-clife, 1422; from þäm
+holmclife, 1636; acc. pl. holm-clifu, 230.
+
+holm-wylm, st. m., _the waves of the sea_: dat. sg. holm-wylme, 2412.
+
+holt, st. n., _wood, thicket, forest._ acc. sg. on holt, 2599; holt,
+2847.--Comp.: äsc-, fyrgen-, gâr-, Hrefnes-holt.
+
+holt-wudu, st. m., _forest-wood_: 1) of the material: nom. sg., 2341.--2) =
+_forest_: acc. sg., 1370.
+
+hord, st. m. and n., _hoard, treasure_: nom. sg., 2284, 3085; beága hord,
+2285; mâðma hord, 3012; acc. sg. hord, 913, 2213, 2320, 2510, 2745, 2774,
+2956, 3057; sâwle hord, 2423; þät hord, 3127; dat. sg. of horde, 1109; for
+horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the hoard_, 2782; hæðnum horde,
+2217; gen. sg. hordes, 888.--Comp.: beáh-, breóst-, word-, wyrm-hord.
+
+hord-ärn, st. n., _place in which a treasure is kept, treasure-room_: dat.
+hord-ärne, 2832; gen. pl. hord-ärna, 2280.
+
+hord-burh, st. f., _city in which is the treasure_ (of the king's),
+_ruler's castle_: acc. sg., 467.
+
+hord-gestreón, st. n., _hoard-treasure, precious treasure_: dat. pl.
+hord-gestreónum, 1900; gen. pl. mägen-byrðenne hord-gestreóna, _the great
+burden of rich treasures_, 3093.
+
+hord-mâððum, st. m., _treasure-jewel, precious jewel_: acc. sg. (-madmum,
+MS.), 1199.
+
+hord-wela, w. m., _treasure-riches, abundance of treasures_: acc. sg.
+hord-welan, 2345.
+
+hord-weard, st. m., _warder of the treasure, hoard-warden_: 1) of the king:
+nom. sg., 1048; acc. sg., 1853.--2) of the drake: nom. sg., 2294, 2303,
+2555, 2594.
+
+hord-weorðung, st. f., _ornament out of the treasure, rich ornament_: acc.
+sg.--weorðunge, 953.
+
+hord-wyn, st. f., _treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure_: acc. sg. hord-wynne,
+2271.
+
+horn, st. m., _horn_: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot hornum trum,
+1370.--2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., 1424; acc. sg., 2944.--Comp. gûð-horn.
+
+horn-boga, w. m., _bow made of horn_: dat. sg. of horn-bogan, 2438.
+
+horn-geáp, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns adorning the
+gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heáh and horn-geáp, 82.
+
+horn-reced, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by the halves of
+a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., 705. Cf. Heyne's Treatise on the Hall,
+Heorot, p. 44.
+
+hors, st. n., _horse_: nom. sg., 1400.
+
+hôciht, adj., _provided with hooks, hooked_: in comp. heoro-hôciht.
+
+be-hôfian, w. v. w. gen., _to need, to want_: pres. sg. III. nu is se däg
+cumen þat ûre man-dryhten mägenes behôfað gôdra gûðrinca, _now is the day
+come when our lord needs the might of strong warriors_, 2648.
+
+on-hôhsnian, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. sg. þät onhôhsnode Heminges mæg (on
+hohsnod, MS.), 1945.
+
+hôlinga, adv., _in vain, without reason_, 1077.
+
+be-hôn, st. v., _to hang with_: pret. part. helmum behongen, 3140.
+
+hop, st. n., _protected place, place of refuge, place of concealment_, in
+the compounds fen-, môr-hop.
+
+hôs (Goth, hansa), st. f., _accompanying troop, escort_: instr. sg. mägða
+hôse, _with an accompanying train of servingwomen_, 925.
+
+hräðe, adv., _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 224, 741, 749, 1391, etc.;
+hraðe, 1438; hreðe, 992; compar. hraðor, 543.
+
+hran-fix, st. m., _whale_: acc. pl. hron-fixas, 540.
+
+hran-râd, st. f., _whale-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer hron-râde, 10.
+
+hrâ, st. n., _corpse_: nom. sg., 1589.
+
+hrâ-fyl, st. m., _fall of corpses, killing, slaughter_: acc. sg., 277.
+
+hrädlîce, adv., _hastily, immediately_, 356, 964.
+
+hräfn, hrefn, st. m., _raven_: nom. sg. hrefn blaca, _black raven_, 1802;
+se wonna hrefn, _the dark raven_, 3025; dat. sg. hrefne, 2449.
+
+hrägl, st. n., _dress, garment, armor_: nom. sg., 1196; gen. sg., hrägles,
+1218; gen. pl. hrägla, 454--Comp.: beado-, fyrd-, mere-hrägl.
+
+hreðe. See hraðe.
+
+hreðer, st. m., _breast, bosom_ nom. sg. hreðer inne weóll _(it surged in
+his breast_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll, 2594; dat. sg. in hreðre, 1152; of
+hreðre, 2820.--_Breast_ as the seat of feeling, _heart_: dat. sg. þät wäs
+... hreðre hygemêðe, _that was depressing to the heart_ (of the slayer,
+Hæðcyn), 2443; on hreðre, 1879, 2329; gen. pl. þurh hreðra gehygd,
+2046.--_Breast_ as seat of life: instr. sg. hreðre, parallel with aldre,
+1447.
+
+hreðer-bealo, st. n., _evil that takes hold on the heart, evil severely
+felt_: acc. sg., 1344.
+
+hrefn. See hräfn.
+
+hrêð, st. f., _glory_; in composition, gûð-hrêð; _renown, assurance of
+victory_, in sige-hrêð.
+
+hrêðe, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. hrêð (on account of the
+following ät, final _e_ is elided, as wênic for wêne ic, 442; frôfor and
+fultum for frôfre and fultum, 699; firen ondrysne for firene ondr., 1933),
+2576.
+
+hrêð-sigor, st. m., _glorious victory_: dat. sg. hrêð-sigora, 2584.
+
+hrêmig, adj., _boasting, exulting_: with instr. and gen. hûðe hrêmig, 124;
+since hrêmig, 1883; frätwum hrêmig, 2055; nom. pl. nealles Hetware hrêmge
+þorfton (sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.
+
+on-hrêran, w. v., _to excite, to stir up_: pret. part. on-hrêred, 549,
+2555.
+
+hreâ-wîc, st. n., _place of corpses_: acc. sg. Geáta leóde hreâ-wîc
+heóldon, _held the place of corpses_, 1215.
+
+hreád, st. f., _ornament_(?), in comp. earm-hreád. See hreóðan.
+
+hreám, st. m., _noise, alarm_:: nom. sg., 1303.
+
+hreóða, w. m., _cover_, in the compound bord-hreóða.
+
+hreóðan, ge-hreóðan, st. v., _to cover, to clothe_; only in the pret. part.
+hroden, gehroden, _dressed, adorned_: hroden, 495, 1023; þâ wäs heal hroden
+feónda feorum, _then was the hall covered with the corpses of the enemy_,
+1152; ge-hroden golde, _adorned with gold_, 304.--Comp.: beág-,
+gold-hroden.
+
+hreóh, hreów, hreó, adj., _excited, stormy, wild, angry, raging; sad,
+troubled_: nom. sg. (Beówulf) hreóh and heoro-grim, 1565; þät þam gôdan wäs
+hreów on hreðre, (_that came with violence upon him, pained his heart_),
+2329; hreó wæron ýða, _the waves were angry, the sea stormy_, 548; näs him
+hreóh sefa, _his mind was not cruel_, 2181; dat. sg. on hreón môde, _of sad
+heart_, 1308; on hreóum môde, _angry at heart_, 2582.
+
+hreóh-môd, adj., _of sad heart_, 2133; _angry at heart_, 2297.
+
+hreósan, st. v., _to fall, to sink, to rush_: pret. hreás, 2489, 2832;
+pret. pl. hruron, 1075; hie on weg hruron, _they rushed away_, 1431; hruron
+him teáras, _tears burst from him_, 1873.
+
+be-hreósan, _to fall from, to be divested of_: pret. part. acc. pl.
+fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, _divested of ornaments_ (from which
+the ornaments had fallen away), 2760.
+
+hreów, st. f., _distress, sorrow_: gen. pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre hreówa
+tornost, _that was to Hrôðgâr the bitterest of his sorrows_, 2130.
+
+hring, st. m.: 1) _ring_: acc. sg. þone hring, 1203; hring gyldenne, 2810;
+acc. pl. hringas, 1196, 1971, 3035; gen. pl. hringa, 1508, 2246.--2) _shirt
+of mail_ (of interlaced rings): nom. sg. hring, 1504; byrnan hring,
+2261.--Comp. bân-hring.
+
+hringan, w. v., _to give forth a sound, to ring, to rattle_: pret. pl.
+byrnan hringdon, 327.
+
+hring-boga, w. m., _one who bends himself into a ring_: gen. sg.
+hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle), 2562.
+
+hringed, pret. part., _made of rings_: nom. sg. hringed byrne, 1246; acc.
+sg. hringde byrnan, 2616.
+
+hringed-stefna, w. m., _ship whose stem is provided with iron rings_
+(cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Frið-þiofs saga, I:
+þorsteinn âtti skip þat er Ellidi hêt, ... borðit war spengt iarni): nom.
+sg., 32, 1898; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, 1132.
+
+hring-îren, st. n., _ring-iron, ring-mail_: nom. sg., 322.
+
+hring-mæl, adj., _marked with rings_, i.e. ornamented with rings, or marked
+with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the sword, 1522, 1562(?);
+nom. pl. heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_rich armor_), 2038.
+
+hring-naca, w. m., _ship with iron rings, sea-going ship_: nom. sg., 1863.
+
+hring-net, st. n., _ring-net_, i.e. a shirt of interlaced rings: acc. sg.,
+2755; acc. pl. hring-net, 1890.
+
+hring-sele, st. m., _ring-hall_, i.e. hall in which are rings, or in which
+rings are bestowed: acc. sg., 2841; dat. sg., 2011, 3054.
+
+hring-weorðung, st. f., _ring-ornament_: acc. sg. -weorðunge, 3018.
+
+hrînan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) _to touch, lay hold of_: inf. þät him heardra
+nân hrînan wolde îren ærgôd (_that no good sword of valiant men would make
+an impression on him_), 989; him for hrôf-sele hrînan ne mehte færgripe
+flôdes (_the sudden grip of the flood might not touch him owing to the
+hall-roof_), 1516; þät þam hring-sele hrînan ne môste gumena ænig _(so that
+none might touch the ringed-hall), _3054; pret. sg. siððan he hire folmum
+[hr]ân (_as soon as he touched it with his hands_), 723; ôð þät deáðes wylm
+hrân ät heortan (_seized his heart_), 2271. Pret. subj. þeáh þe him wund
+hrîne (_although he was wounded_), 2977.--2) (O.N. hrîna, _sonare,
+clamare), to resound, rustle_: pres. part. nom. pl. hrînde bearwas (for
+hrînende) 1364; but see Note.
+
+hroden. See hreóðan.
+
+hron-fix. See hran-fix.
+
+hrôðor, st. m., _joy, beneficium_: dat sg. hrefne tô hrôðre, 2449; gen. pl.
+hrôðra, 2172.
+
+hrôf, st. m., _roof, ceiling of a house_: nom. sg., 1000; acc. sg. under
+Heorotes hrôf, 403; under geápne hrôf, 838; geseah steápne hrôf (here
+_inner roof, ceiling_), 927; so, ofer heáhne hrôf, 984; ymb þäs helmes
+hrôf, 1031; under beorges hrôf, 2756.--Comp. inwit-hrôf.
+
+hrôf-sele, st. m., _covered hall_: dat. sg. hrôf-sele, 1516.
+
+hrôr, adj., _stirring, wide-awake, valorous_: dat. sg. of þäm hrôran,
+1630.--Comp. fela-hrôr.
+
+hruron. See hreósan.
+
+hruse, w. f., _earth, soil_: nom. sg., 2248, 2559; acc. sg. on hrusan, 773,
+2832; dat. sg. under hrusan, 2412.
+
+hrycg, st. m., _back_: acc. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the water's back,
+surface_), 471.
+
+hryre, st. m., _fall, destruction, ruin_: acc. sg., 3181; dat. sg., 1681,
+3006.--Comp.: leód-, wîg-hryre.
+
+hrysian, w. v., _to shake, be shaken, clatter_: pret. pl. syrcan hrysedon
+(_corselets rattled_, of men in motion), 226.
+
+hund, st. m., _dog_: instr. pl. hundum, 1369.
+
+hund, num., _hundred_: þreó hund, 2279; w. gen. pl. hund missera, 1499;
+hund þûsenda landes and locenra beága, 2995.
+
+hû, adv., _how, quomodo_, 3, 116, 279, 738, 845, 2319, 2520, 2719, etc.
+
+huð, st. f., _booty, plunder_: dat. (instr.) sg. hûðe, 124.
+
+hûru, adv., _above all, certainly_, 369; _indeed, truly_, 182, 670, 1072,
+1466, 1945, 2837; _yet, nevertheless_, 863; _now_, 3121.
+
+hûs, st. n., _house_: gen. sg. hûses, 116; gen. pl. hûsa sêlest (Heorot),
+146, 285, 659, 936.
+
+hwan, adv., _whither_: tô hwan syððan wearð hondræs häleða (_what issue the
+hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had_), 2072.
+
+hwanan, hwanon, adv., _whence_: hwanan, 257, 2404; hwanon, 333.
+
+hwâ, interrog. and indef. pron., _who_: nom. sg. m. hwâ, 52, 2253, 3127;
+neut. hwät, 173; ânes hwät (_a part only_), 3011; hwät þâ men wæron (_who
+the men were_), 233, etc.; hwät syndon ge searo-häbbendra (_what armed men
+are ye?_), 237; acc. sg. m. wið manna hwone (_from (?) any man_), 155;
+neut. þurh hwät, 3069; hwät wit geó spræcon, 1477; hwät ... hýnðo (gen.),
+fær-nîða (_what shame and sudden woes_), 474; so, hwät þu worn fela (_how
+very much thou_), 530; swylces hwät, 881; hwät ... ârna, 1187; dat. m.
+hwâm, 1697.--Comp. æg-hwâ.
+
+hwät, interj., _what! lo! indeed!_ 1, 943, 2249.
+
+ge-hwâ, w. part, gen., _each, each one_: acc. sg. m. wið feónda gehwone,
+294; nîða gehwane, 2398; mêca gehwane, 2686; gum-cynnes gehwone, 2766; fem,
+on healfa gehwone, 801; dat. sg. m. dôgora gehwâm, 88; ät nîða gehwâm, 883;
+þegna gehwâm, 2034; eorla gehwæm, 1421; fem. in mægða ge-hwære, 25; nihta
+gehwæm, 1366; gen. sing. m. manna gehwäs, 2528; fem. dæda gehwäs, 2839.
+
+hwâr. See hwær.
+
+hwäder. See hwider.
+
+hwäðer, pron., _which of two_: nom. sg. hwäðer ... uncer twega, 2531; swâ
+hwäðer, _utercunque_: acc. sg. on swâ hwäðere hond swâ him gemet þince,
+687.--Comp. æg-hwäðer.
+
+ge-hwäðer, _each of two, either-other_: nom. sg. m. wäs gehwäðer ôðrum
+lifigende lâð, 815; wäs ... gehwäðer ôðrum hrôðra gemyndig, 2172; ne
+gehwäðer incer (_nor either of you two_), 584; nom. sg. neut. gehwäðer þâra
+(_either of them_, i.e. ready for war or peace), 1249; dat. sg. hiora
+gehwäðrum, 2995; gen. sg. bega gehwäðres, 1044.
+
+hwäðer, hwäðere, hwäðre, 1) adv., _yet, nevertheless_: hwäðre, 555, 891,
+1271, 2099, 2299, 2378, etc.; hwäðre swâ þeáh, _however, notwithstanding_,
+2443; hwäðere, 574, 578, 971, 1719--2) conj., = _utrum, whether_: hwäðre,
+1315; hwäðer, 1357, 2786.
+
+hwät, adj., _sharp, bold, valiant_: nom. sg. se secg hwata, 3029; dat. sg.
+hwatum, 2162; nom. pl. hwate, 1602, 2053; acc. pl. hwate, 2643,
+3006.--Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwät.
+
+hwät. See hwâ.
+
+hwær, adv., _where_: elles hwær, _elsewhere_, 138; hwær, _somewhere_, 2030.
+In elliptical question: wundur hwâr þonne..., _is it a wonder when...?_
+3063.--Comp. ô-hwær.
+
+ge-hwær, _everywhere_: þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa gehwær dohte (_everywhere good in
+battle_), 526.
+
+hwele. See hwyle.
+
+hwergen, adv., _anywhere_: elles hwergen, _elsewhere_, 2591.
+
+hwettan, w. v., _to encourage, urge_: pres. subj. swâ þin sefa hwette (_as
+thy mind urges, as thou likest_), 490; pret. pl. hwetton higerôfne (_they
+whetted the brave one_), 204.
+
+hwêne, adv., _a little, paululum_, 2700.
+
+hwealf, st. f., _vault_: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf, 576, 2016.
+
+hweorfan, st. v., _to stride deliberately, turn, depart, move, die_: pres.
+pl. þâra þe cwice hwyrfað, 98; inf. hwîlum he on lufan læteð hworfan monnes
+môd-geþonc (_sometimes on love_ (?) _possessions_ (?) _permits the thoughts
+of man to turn_), 1729; londrihtes môt ... monna æghwylc îdel hweorfan (_of
+rights of land each one of men must be deprived_), 2889; pret. sg. fäder
+ellor hwearf ... of earde (_died_), 55; hwearf þâ hrädlîce þær Hrôðgâr sät,
+356; hwearf þâ bî bence (_turned then to the bench_), 1189; so, hwearf þâ
+be wealle, 1574; hwearf geond þät reced, 1982; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf (_went
+oft round the cave_), 2297; nalles äfter lyfte lâcende hwearf (_not at all
+through the air did he go springing_), 2833; subj. pret. sg, ær he on weg
+hwurfe ... of geardum (_died_), 264.
+
+and-hweorfan, _to move against_: pret. sg. ôð þät ... norðan wind
+heaðo-grim and-hwearf (_till the fierce north wind blew in our faces_),
+548.
+
+ät-hweorfan, _to go to_: pret. sg. hwîlum he on beorh ät-hwearf (_at times
+returned to the mountain_), 2300.
+
+ge-hweorfan, _to go, come_: pret. sg. gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm feorh
+cyninges, 1211; hit on æht gehwearf ... Denigea freán, 1680; so, 1685,
+2209.
+
+geond-hweorfan, _to go through from end to end_: pres. sg. flet eall
+geond-hwearf, 2018.
+
+hwider, adv., _whither_: hwyder, 163; hwäder (hwäðer, MS.), 1332.
+
+hwîl, st. f., _time, space of time_: nom. sg. wäs seó hwîl micel (_it was a
+long time_), 146; þâ wäs hwîl däges (_the space of a day_), 1496; acc. sg.
+hwîle, _for a time_, 2138; _a while_, 105, 152; lange (longe) hwîle, _a
+long while_, 16, 2781; âne hwîle, _a while_, 1763; lytle hwîle, _brief
+space_, 2031, 2098; ænige hwîle, _any while_, 2549; lässan hwîle, _a lesser
+while_, 2572; dat. sg. ær däges hwîle, _before daybreak_, 2321; dat. pl.
+nihtes hwîlum, _sometimes at night_, 3045. Adv., _sometimes, often_:
+hwîlum, 175, 496, 917, 1729, 1829, 2017, 2112, etc.; hwîlum ... hwîlum,
+2108-9-10.--Comp.: däg-, gescäp-, orleg-, sige-hwîl.
+
+hwît, adj., _brilliant, flashing_: nom. sg. se hwîta helm, 1449.
+
+hworfan. See hweorfan.
+
+hwôpan, st. v., _to cry, cry out mourn_: pret. sg. hweóp, 2269.
+
+hwyder. See hwider.
+
+hwylc, pron., _which, what, any_: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m. sceaða ic nât hwylc,
+274; fem, hwylc orleghwîl, 2003; nom. pl. hwylce Sægeáta sîðas wæron,
+1987.--2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna hwylc, 1105; fem, efne swâ
+hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende (_whatever woman brought forth this son_),
+944; neut. þonne his bearna hwylc (_than any one of his sons_), 2434; dat.
+sg. efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him gemet þûhte, 3058.--Comp.: æg-, nât-,
+wel-hwylc.
+
+ge-hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc, w. gen. pl., _each_: nom. sg. m. gehwylc,
+986, 1167, 1674; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, 937, 2251, 2517; gehwelcne, 148;
+fem, gehwylce, 1706; neut. gehwylc, 2609; instr. sg. dôgra gehwylce, 1091;
+so, 2058, 2451; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, 412, 769, 785, etc.; fem, ecga
+gehwylcre, 806; neut. cynna gehwylcum, 98; gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces,
+733, 1397, 2095.
+
+hwyrft, st. m., _circling movement, turn_: dat. pl. adv. hwyrftum scrîðað
+(_wander to and fro_), 163.--Comp. ed-hwyrft.
+
+hycgan, w. v., _to think, resolve upon_: pret. sg. ic þät hogode þät ...
+(_my intention was that ..._), 633.--Comp. w. pres. part.: bealo-, heard-,
+swîð-, þanc-, wîs-hycgend.
+
+for-hycgan, _to despise, scorn, reject with contempt_: pres. sg. I. ic þät
+þonne for-hicge þät ..., _reject with scorn the proposition that ..._, 435.
+
+ge-hycgan, _to think, determine upon_: pret. sg. þâ þu ... feorr gehogodest
+säcce sêcean, 1989.
+
+ofer-hycgan, _to scorn_: pret. sg. ofer-hogode þâ hringa fengel þät he þone
+wîdflogan weorode gesôhte (_scorned to seek the wide-flier with a host_),
+2346.
+
+hydig (for hygdig), adj., _thinking, of a certain mind_: comp. ân-, bealo-,
+grom-, nîð-, þrîst-hydig.
+
+ge-hygd, st. n., _thought, sentiment_: acc. sg. þurh hreðra gehygd,
+2046.--Comp.: breóst-, môd-gehygd, won-hyd.
+
+hyge, hige, st. m., _mind, heart, thought_: nom. sg. hyge, 756; hige, 594;
+acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, 267; gen. sg. higes, 2046; dat. pl. higum, 3149.
+
+hyge-bend, st. m. f., _mind-fetter, heart-band_: instr. pl. hyge-bendum
+fäst, _fast in his mind's fetters, secretly_, 1879.
+
+hyge-geômor, adj., _sad in mind_: nom. sg. hyge-giômor, 2409.
+
+hyge-mêðe, adj.: 1) _sorrowful, soul-crushing_: nom. sg., 2443.--2)
+_life-weary, dead_: dat. pl. hyge-mêðum (-mæðum, MS.), 2910.
+
+hyge-rôf, adj., _brave, valiant, vigorous-minded_: nom. sg. [hygerôf], 403;
+acc. sg. hige-rôfne, 204.
+
+hyge-sorh, st. f., _heart-sorrow_: gen. pl. -sorga, 2329.
+
+hyge-þyhtig, adj., _doughty, courageous_: acc. sg. hige-þihtigne (of
+Beówulf), 747. See þyhtig.
+
+hyge-þrym, st. m., _animi majestas, high-mindedness_: dat. pl. for
+hige-þrymmum, 339.
+
+hyht, st. m., _thought, pleasant thought, hope_ (Dietrich): nom. sg., 179.
+
+ge-hyld (see healdan), st. n., _support, protection_: nom. sg., 3057.--Leo.
+
+hyldan, w. v., _to incline one's self, lie down to sleep_: pret. sg. hylde
+hine, _inclined himself, lay down_, 689.
+
+hyldo, st. f., _inclination, friendliness, grace_: acc. sg. hyldo, 2068,
+2294; gen. sg. hyldo, 671, 2999.
+
+â-hyrdan, w. v., _harden_: pret. part. â-hyrded, 1461.
+
+hyrde. See hirde.
+
+hyrst, st. f., _accoutrements, ornament, armor_: acc. sg. hyrste
+(Ongenþeów's _equipments and arms_), 2989; acc. pl. hyrsta, 3166; instr.
+pl. hyrstum, 2763.
+
+hyrstan, w. v., _to deck, adorn_: pret. part. hyrsted sweord, 673; helm
+[hyr]sted golde, 2256.
+
+hyrtan, w. v., _to take heart, be emboldened_: pret. sg. hyrte hyne
+hord-weard (_the drake took heart_; see 2566, 2568, 2570), 2594.
+
+hyse, st. m., _youth, young man_: nom. sg. as voc., 1218.
+
+hyt. See hit.
+
+hýdan, w. v., _to hide, conceal, protect, preserve_: pres. subj. hýde
+[hine, _himself_] se þe wylle, 2767; inf. w. acc. nô þu mînne þearft
+hafalan hýdan, 446; ær he in wille hafelan [hýdan] (_ere in it he_ [the
+stag] _will hide his head_), 1373.
+
+ge-hýdan, w. acc., _to conceal, preserve_: pret. sg. gehýdde, 2236, 3060.
+
+hýð, st. f., _haven_: dat. sg. ät hýðe, 32.
+
+hýð-weard, st. m., _haven-warden_: nom. sg., 1915.
+
+hýnan (see heán), w. v. w. acc., _to crush, afflict, injure_: pret. sg.
+hýnde, 2320.
+
+hýnðu, st. f., _oppression, affliction, injury_: acc. sg. hýnðu, 277; gen.
+sg. hwät ... hýnðo, 475; fela ... hýnðo, 594; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166.
+
+hýran, w. v.: 1) _to hear, perceive, learn_: a) w. inf. or acc. with inf.:
+I. pret. sg. hýrde ic, 38, 582, 1347, 1843, 2024; III. sg. þät he fram
+Sigemunde secgan hýrde, 876; I. pl. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273. b)
+w. acc.: nænigne ic ... sêlran hýrde hordmâððum (_I heard of no better
+hoard-jewel_), 1198. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hýrde ic þät ...,
+62, 2164, 2173.--2) w. dat. of person, _to obey_: inf. ôð þät him æghwylc
+þâra ymbsittendra hýran scolde, 10; hýran heaðo-siócum, 2755; Pret. pl. þät
+him winemâgas georne hýrdon, 66.
+
+ge-hýran, _to hear, learn_: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. mînne gehýrað
+ânfealdne geþôht, 255; III. sg. pret. gehýrde on Beówulfe fästrædne geþôht,
+610. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehýrdon, 786. c) w. depend.
+clause: I. pres. sg. ic þät gehýre þät ..., 290.
+
+
+I
+
+ic, pers. pron. _I_: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. mîn; dual nom. wit, acc.
+uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. ûsic, ûs, dat. ûs, gen.
+ûser. ic omitted before the verb, 470.
+
+icge, _gold_ (perhaps related to Sanskrit îç, = dominare, imperare, O.H.G.
+êht, _wealth_, opes), _treasure?, sword_ (edge)?, 1108.--Körner.
+
+ides, st. f., _woman, lady, queen_: nom. sg., 621, 1076, 1118, 1169; dat.
+sg. idese, 1650, 1942. Also of Grendel's mother: nom. sg., 1260; gen. sg.
+idese, 1352.
+
+in. See inn.
+
+in: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating rest), _in_:
+in geardum, 13, 2460; in þäm gûðsele, 443; in beórsele, 2636; so, 89, 482,
+589, 696, 729, 2140, 2233, etc.; in mægða gehwære, 25; in þýstrum, 87; in
+Caines cynne, 107; in hyra gryregeatwum (_in their accoutrements of terror,
+war-weeds_), 324; so, 395; in campe (_in battle_), 2506; hiora in ânum (_in
+one of them_), 2600. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, 19. Also, _on,
+upon_, like on: in ealo-bence, 1030; in gumstôle, 1953; in þam wongstede
+(_on the grassy plain, the battle-field_), 2787; in bælstede, 3098.
+Temporal: in geâr-dagum, 1.--2) w. acc. (local, indicating motion), _in,
+into_: in woruld, 60; in fýres fäðm, 185; so, 1211; in Hrefnesholt, 2936.
+Temporal, _in, at, about, toward_: in þâ tîde (in watide, MS.), 2228.
+
+II. adv., _in_ (here or there), 386, 1038, 1372, 1503, 1645, 2153, 2191,
+2228; inn, 3091.
+
+incge, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lâfe (_with the
+costly sword_ ? or _with mighty sword_?), 2578.--[_Edge_: incge lâfe, _edge
+of the sword_.--K. Körner?]
+
+in-frôd, adj., _very aged_: nom. sg., 2450; dat. sg. in-frôdum, 1875.
+
+in-gang, st. m., _entrance, access to_: acc. sg., 1550.
+
+in-genga, w. m., _in-goer, visitor_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 1777.
+
+in-gesteald, st. m., _house-property, possessions in the house_: acc. sg.,
+1156.
+
+inn, st. n., _apartment, house_: nom. sg. in, 1301.
+
+innan, adv., _within, inside_, 775, 1018, 2413, 2720; on innan (_in the
+interior_), _within_, 1741, 2716; þær on innan (_in there_), 71; burgum on
+innan (_within his city_), 1969. Also, _therein_: þær on innan, 2090, 2215,
+2245.
+
+innan-weard, adv., _inwards, inside, within_, 992, 1977; inne-weard, 999.
+
+inne, adv.: 1) _inside, within_, 643, 1282, 1571, 2114, 3060; word inne
+âbeád (_called, sent word, in_, i.e. standing in the hall door), 390; _in
+it_ (i.e. the battle), 1142; þær inne (_therein_), 118, 1618, 2116, 2227,
+3088.--2) = _insuper, still further, besides_, 1867.
+
+inwit, st. n., _evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility_, as in
+
+inwit-feng, st. m., _malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning foe_: nom. sg.,
+1448.
+
+inwit-gäst, st. m., _evil guest, hostile stranger_: nom. sg., 2671.
+
+inwit-hrôf, st. m., _hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning foe_: acc. sg.
+under inwit-hrôf, 3124.
+
+inwit-net, st. n., _mischief-net, cunning snare_: acc. sg., 2168.
+
+inwit-nîð, st. n., _cunning hostility, hostile contest_: nom. pl.
+inwit-nîðas (_hostility through secret attack_), 1859; gen. pl. inwit-nîða,
+1948.
+
+inwit-scear, st. m., _massacre through cunning, murderous attack_: acc. sg.
+eatolne inwit-scear, 2479.
+
+inwit-searo, st. n., _cunning, artful intrigue_: acc. sg. þurh inwit-searo,
+1102. See searo.
+
+inwit-sorh, st. f., _grief, remorse, mourning springing from hostile
+cunning_: nom. sg., 1737; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, 832.
+
+inwit-þanc, adj., _ill-disposed, malicious_: dat. sg. he onfêng hraðe
+inwit-þancum (_he quickly grasped the cunning-in-mind_ [Grendel]), 749.
+
+irnan (for rinnan), st. v., _to run_: so be-irnan, _to run up to_, occur_:
+pret. sg him on môd be-arn (_came into his mind_), 67.
+
+on-irnan, _to open_: pret. sg. duru sôna onarn, 722.
+
+irre-môd, adj. See yrre-môd.
+
+
+Î
+
+îdel, adj., _empty, bare; deprived of_: nom. sg., 145, 413; w. gen.
+lond-rihtes þære mægburge îdel (_deprived of his land-possessions among the
+people_ [of the Geátas]), 2889.
+
+îdel-hende, adj., _empty-handed_, 2082.
+
+îren, st. n., _iron, sword_: nom. sg. dryhtlîc îren (_the doughty, lordly
+sword_), 893; îren ær-gôd, 990; acc. sg. leóflîc îren, 1810; gen. pl. îrena
+cyst (_choicest of swords_), 674; îrenna cyst, 803; îrenna ecge (_edges of
+swords_), 2684.
+
+îren, adj., _of iron_: nom. sg. ecg wäs îren, 1460.
+
+îren-bend, st. f., _iron band, bond, rivet_: instr. pl. îren-bendum fäst
+(bold), 775, 999.
+
+îren-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îren-byrnan, 2987. See
+îsern-byrne.
+
+îren-heard, adj., _hard as iron_: nom. sg., 1113.
+
+îrenne, adj., _of iron_: in comp. eall-îrenne.
+
+îren-þreát, st. m., _iron troop, armored band_: nom. sg., 330.
+
+îs, st. n., _ice_: dat. sg. îse, 1609.
+
+îsern-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îsern-byrnan, 672. See
+îren-byrne.
+
+îsern-scûr, st. f., _iron shower, shower of arrows_: gen. sg. þone þe oft
+gebâd îsern-scûre, 3117.
+
+îs-gebind, st. n., _fetters of ice_: instr. sg. îs-gebinde, 1134.
+
+îsig, adj., _shining, brilliant_ (like brass): nom. sg. îsig (said of a
+vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), 33.--Leo.
+
+IO IU
+
+iú. See geó.
+
+iú-man. See geó-man.
+
+ió-meówle. See geó-meówle.
+
+
+L
+
+laðu, st. f., _invitation_.--Comp.: freónd-, neód-laðu.
+
+ge-lafian, w. v. w. acc. pers. and instr. of the thing, _to refresh, lave_:
+pret. sg. wine-dryhten his wätere gelafede, 2723.
+
+lagu, st. m., _lake, sea_: nom. sg., 1631.
+
+lagu-cräftig, adj., _acquainted with the sea_: nom. sg. lagu-cräftig mon
+(_pilot_), 209.
+
+lagu-stræt, st. f., _path over the sea_: acc. sg. ofer lagu-stræte, 239.
+
+lagu-streám, st. m., _sea-current, flood_: acc. pl. ofer lagu-streámas,
+297.
+
+land, st. n., _land_: nom. sg. lond, 2198; acc. sg. land, 221, 2063; lond,
+2472, 2493; land Dena, 242, 253; lond Brondinga, 521; Finna land, 580; dat.
+sg. on lande (_in the land_), 2311, 2837; _at near, land, shore_, 1914; tô
+lande (_to the land, ashore_), 1624; gen. sg. landes, 2996; gen. pl. ofer
+landa fela (_over much country, space; afar_), 31l.--Comp.: el-, eá-land.
+
+land-bûend, part, pres., terricola, _inhabitant of the land_: nom. pl.
+lond-bûend, 1346; dat. pl. land-bûendum, 95.
+
+land-fruma, w. m., _ruler, prince of the country_: nom. sg., 31.
+
+land-gemyrcu, st. n. pl., _frontier, land-mark_: acc. pl., 209.
+
+land-geweorc, st. n., _land-work, fortified place_: acc. sg. leóda
+land-geweorc, 939. See weorc, geweorc.
+
+land-riht, st. n., _prerogatives based upon land-possessions, right to
+possess land_, hence _real estate_ itself: gen. sg. lond-rihtes îdel, 2887.
+
+land-waru, st. f., _inhabitants, population_: acc. pl. land-wara, 2322.
+
+land-weard, st. m., _guard, guardian of the frontier_: nom. sg., 1891.
+
+lang, long, adj., _long_: 1) temporal: nom. sg. tô lang, 2094; näs þâ long
+(lang) tô þon (_not long after_), 2592, 2846; acc. sg. lange hwîle (_for a
+long time_), 16, 2160, 2781; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114, 1258; lange tîd,
+1916. Compar. nom. sg. lengra fyrst, 134.--2) local, nom. sg. se wäs
+fîftiges fôtgemearces lang, 3044.--Comp.: and-, morgen-, niht-, up-lang.
+
+lange, longe, adv., _long_: lange, 31, 1995, 2131, 2345, 2424; longe, 1062,
+2752, 3109; tô lange (_too long, excessively long_), 906, 1337, 1749.
+Compar. leng, 451, 1855, 2802, 3065; nô þý leng (_none the longer_), 975.
+Superl. lengest (_longest_), 2009, 2239.
+
+ge-lang, adj., _extending, reaching to something_ or _somebody_, hence
+_ready, prepared_: nû is ræd gelang eft ät þe ânum (_now is help [counsel]
+at hand in thee alone_), 1377; gen is eall ät þe lissa gelong (_all of
+favor is still on thee dependent, is thine_), 2151. See ge-lenge.
+
+lang-ge-streón, st. n., _long-lasting treasure_: gen. pl. long-gestreóna,
+2241.--Leo.
+
+langian, w. v., reflex, w. dat, _to long, yearn_: pres. sg. III. him
+...äfter deórum men dyrne langað beorn (_the hero longeth secretly after
+the dear man_), 1880.
+
+lang-sum, adj., _long-lasting, continuing_: nom. sg. longsum, 134, 192,
+1723; acc. sg. long-sumne, 1537.
+
+lang-twidig, adj., _long-granted, assured_: nom. sg., 1709.
+
+lata, w. m., _a lazy, cowardly one_; in comp. hild-lata.
+
+lâ, interj., _yes! indeed!_ 1701, 2865.
+
+lâc, st. n.: 1) _measured movement, play_: in comp. beadu-, heaðo-lâc.--2)
+_gift, offering_: acc. pl. lâc, 1864; lâðlîcu lâc (_loathly offering,
+prey_), 1585; dat. pl. lâcum, 43, 1869.--Comp. sæ-lâc.
+
+ge-lâc, st. n., _sport, play_: acc. pl. sweorda gelâc (_battle_), 1041;
+dat. pl. ät ecga gelâcum, 1169.
+
+lâcan, st. v., _to move in measured time, dancing, playing, fighting,
+flying_, etc.: inf. dareðum lâcan (_fight_), 2849; part. pres. äfter lyfte
+lâcende (_flying through the air_), 2833.
+
+for-lâcan, _to deceive, betray_: part, pret. he wearð on feónda geweald
+forð forlâcen (_deceitfully betrayed into the enemy's hands_), 904.
+
+lâd, st. f., _street, way, journey_: dat. sg. on lâde, 1988; gen. sg. lâde,
+569.--Comp.: brim-, sæ-lâd.
+
+ge-lâd, st. n., _way, path, road_: acc. sg. uncûð gelâd, 1411.
+
+lâð, adj., _loathly, evil, hateful, hostile_: nom. sg. lâð, 816; lâð
+lyft-floga, 2316; lâð (_enemy_), 440; ne leóf ne lâð, 511; neut. lâð, 134,
+192; in weak form, se lâða (of the dragon), 2306; acc. sg. lâðne (wyrm),
+3041; dat. sg. lâðum, 440, 1258; gen. sg. lâðes (of the enemy), 842; fela
+lâðes (_much evil_), 930; so, 1062; lâðan lîges, 83; lâðan cynnes, 2009,
+2355; þäs lâðan (of the enemy), 132; acc. pl. neut. lâð gewidru (_hateful
+storms_), 1376; dat. instr. pl. wið lâðum, 550; lâðum scuccum and scinnum,
+939; lâðum dædum (_with evil deeds_), 2468; lâðan fingrum, 1506; gen. pl.
+lâðra manna, spella, 2673, 3030; lâðra (_the enemy_), 242. Compar. nom. sg.
+lâðra ... beorn, 2433.
+
+lâð-bite, st. m., _hostile bite_: dat. sg. lâð-bite lîces (_the body's
+hostile bite_ = the wound), 1123.
+
+lâð-geteóna, w. m., _evil-doer, injurer_: nom. sg., 975; nom. pl.
+lâð-geteónan, 559.
+
+lâð-lîc, adj., _loathly, hostile_: acc. pl. lâð-lîcu, 1585.
+
+lâf, st. f.: 1) _what is left, relic; inheritance, heritage, legacy_: nom.
+sg. Hrêðlan lâf (Beówulf's corselet), 454; nom. pl. fêla lâfe (_the
+leavings of files_ = swords, Grein), 1033; so, homera lâfe, 2830; on him
+gladiað gomelra lâfe, heard and hringmæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_on him
+gleams the forefather's bequest, hard and ring-decked, the Heaðobeardas'
+treasure_, i.e. the equipments taken from the slain king of the
+Heaðobeardas), 2037; acc. sg. sweorda lâfe (_leavings of the sword_, i.e.
+those spared by the sword), 2937.--2) _the sword as a specially precious
+heir-loom_: nom. sg., 2629; acc. sg. lâfe, 796, 1489, 1689, 2192, 2564;
+instr. sg. incge lâfe, 2578.--Comp.: ende-, eormen-, weá-, yrfe-, ýð-lâf.
+
+lâr, st. f., _lore, instruction, prescription_: dat. sg. be fäder lâre,
+1951; gen. pl. lâra, 1221; lârena, 269.--Comp. freónd-lâr.
+
+lâst, st. m., _footstep, track_: acc. sg. lâst, 132, 972, 2165; on lâst
+(_on the traces of, behind_), 2946; nom. pl. lâstas, 1403; acc. pl. lâstas,
+842.--Comp.: fêðe-, feorh-, fôt-, wräc-lâst.
+
+läger. See leger.
+
+lâger-bed, st. n., _bed to lie on_ : instr. sg. leger-bedde, 1008.
+
+läs, adj., _less_, 1947; þý läs (_the less_), 487; conjunct, _that not,
+lest_, 1919.
+
+lässa, adj., _less, fewer_: nom. sg. lässa, 1283; acc. sg. m. lässan, 43;
+fem, lässan hwîle, 2572; dat. sg. for lässan (_for less, smaller_), 952.
+Superl. nom. sg. nô þät läsest wäs hond-gemôt[a], 2355.
+
+lät, adj., _negligent, neglectful_; w. gen.: nom. sg. elnes lät, 1530.
+
+lædan, w. v. w. acc.: _to lead, guide, bring_: inf. lædan, 239; pret. pl.
+læddon, 1160.
+
+for-1ædan, _to mislead_: pret. pl. for-læddan, 2440 (?).
+
+ge-lædan, _lead, bring_: part. pret. ge-læded, 37.
+
+læfan, w. v.: 1), _to bequeathe, leave_: imper. sg. þînum magum læf folc
+and rîce, 1179; pret. sg. eaferum læfde ... lond and leódbyrig, 2471.--2)
+_spare, leave behind_: âht cwices læfan (_to spare aught living_), 2316.
+
+læn-dagas, st. m. pl., _loan-days, transitory days_ (of earthly existence
+as contrasted with the heavenly, unending): acc. pl. læn-dagas, 2592; gen.
+pl. læn-daga, 2342.
+
+læne, adj., _inconstant, perishable, evanescent, given over to death or
+destruction_: nom. sg., 1755, 3179; acc. sg. of rust-eaten treasures, 3130;
+þâs lænan gesceaft (_this fleeting life_), 1623; gen. sg. lænan lîfes,
+2846.
+
+læran, w. v., _to teach, instruct_: imper. sg. þu þe lær be þon (_learn
+this, take this to heart_), 1723.
+
+ge-læran, _to teach, instruct, give instruction_: inf. ic þäs Hrôðgâr mäg
+... ræd gelæran (_I can give H. good advice about this_), 278; so, 3080;
+pret. pl. þâ me þät ge-lærdon leóde mîne (_gave me the advice_), 415.
+
+læstan, w. v.: 1) _to follow, to sustain, serve_: inf. þät him se lîc-homa
+læstan nolde (_that his body would not sustain him_), 813.--2) _perform_:
+imper. læst eall tela (_do all well_), 2664.
+
+ge-læstan: 1) _to follow, serve_: pret. sg. (sweord) þät mec ær and oft
+gelæste, 2501.--2) _to fulfil, grant_: subj. pres. pl. þät ... wilgesîðas,
+þonne wîg cume, leóde gelæstan (_render war service_), 24; inf. ic þe sceal
+mîne gelæstan freóde (_shall grant thee my friendship, be grateful_), 1707;
+pret. sg. beót ... gelæste (_fulfilled his boast_), 524; gelæste swâ (_kept
+his word_), 2991; pres. part. häfde Eást-Denum ... gilp gelæsted (_had
+fulfilled for the East Danes his boast_), 830.
+
+lætan, st. v., _to let, allow_, w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. III. læteð,
+1729; imper. pl. II. lætað, 397; sg. II. læt, 1489; pret. sg. lêt, 2390,
+2551, 2978, 3151(?); pret. pl. lêton, 48, 865, 3133; subj. pret. sg. II.
+lête, 1997; sg. III. lête, 3083.
+
+â-lætan: 1) _to let, allow_: subj. pres. sg. II. þät þu ne âlæte ... dôm
+ge-dreósan, 2666.--2) _to leave, lay aside_: inf. âlætan læn-dagas (_die_)
+2592; so, âlætan lîf and leódscipe, 2751.
+
+for-lætan: 1) _to let, permit_, w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg. for-lêt, 971;
+pret. pl. for-lêton, 3168. Also with inf. omitted: inf. nolde eorla hleó
+... þone cwealmcuman cwicne (i.e. wesan) forlætan (_would not let the
+murderous spirit go alive_), 793.--2) _to leave behind, leave_: pret. sg.
+in þam wong-stede ... þær he hine ær forlêt (_where he had previously left
+him_), 2788.
+
+of-lætan, _to leave, lay aside_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu ær þonne he worold
+oflætest (_leavest the world, diest_), 1184; so pret. sg. oflêt lîf-dagas
+and þâs lænan gesceaft, 1623.
+
+on-lætan, _to release, liberate_: pres. sg. III. þonne forstes bend fäder
+on-læteð (_as soon as the Father looseth the frost's fetters_), 1610.
+
+â-lecgan, w. v.: 1) _to lay, lay down_: pret. sg. syððan hilde-deór hond
+â-legde ... under geápne hrôf, 835; þät he on Beówulfes bearm â-legde
+(_this_ [the sword] _he laid in B.'s bosom, presented to him_), 2195; pret.
+pl. â-ledon þâ leófne þeóden ... on bearm scipes, 34; â-legdon þâ tô middes
+mærne þeóden _(laid the mighty prince in the midst_ [of the pyre]),
+3142.--2) _to lay aside, give up_: siððan ... in fen-freoðo feorh â-legde
+(_laid down his life, died_), 852; nu se here-wîsa hleahtor â-legde, gamen
+and gleó-dreám _(now the war-chief has left laughter_, etc.), 3021.
+
+leger, st. n., _couch, bed, lair_: dat. sg. on legere, 3044.
+
+lemian, w. v., _to lame, hinder, oppress_: pret. sg. (for pl.) hine
+sorh-wylmas lemede tô lange, 906. MS.
+
+leng. See lang.
+
+lenge, adj., _extending along_ or _to, near_ (of time): nom. sg. neut. ne
+wäs hit lenge þâ gen (_nor was it yet long_), 83.
+
+ge-lenge, adj., _extending, reaching to, belonging_: nom. sg. yrfe-weard
+... lîce gelenge (_an heir belonging to one's body_), 2733.
+
+let, st. m., _place of rest, sojourn?_ in comp. eo-let (_voyage?_).
+
+lettan, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. pl. (acc. pers. and gen. thing), þät
+syððan nâ ... brim-lîðende lâde ne letton (_might no longer hinder
+seafarers from journeying_), 569.
+
+â-lêdon. See â-lecgan.
+
+lêg, st. m., _flame, fire_: nom. sg. wonna lêg (_the lurid flame_), 3116;
+swôgende lêg, 3146; dat. sg. for dracan lêge, 2550. See lîg.
+
+lêg-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, flaming dragon_: nom. sg., 3041.
+
+*leahan, leán, st. v. w. acc. _to scold, blame_: pres. sg. III. lyhð, 1049;
+pret. sg. lôg, 1812; pret. pl. lôgon, 203, 863.
+
+be-leán, _to dissuade, prevent_: inf. ne inc ænig mon ... beleán mihte
+sorhfullne sîð (_no one might dissuade you twain from your difficult
+journey_), 511.
+
+leahtre. See or-leahtre.
+
+leáf, st. n., _leaf, foliage_: instr. pl. leáfum, 97.
+
+leáfnes-word, st. n., _permission, leave_: acc. pl., 245.
+
+leán. See leahan.
+
+leán, st. n., _reward, compensation_: acc. sg., 114, 952, 1221, 1585, 2392;
+dat. sg. leáne, 1022. Often in the pl.: acc. þâ leán, 2996; dat. þam
+leánum, 2146; gen. leána, 2991.--Comp.: and-, ende-leán.
+
+leân (for læn, O.H.G. lêhan), st. n, _loan_, 1810.
+
+leánian, w. v., _to reward, compensate_: pres. sg. I. ic þe þâ fæhðe feó
+leánige (_repay thee for the contest with old-time treasures_), 1381; pret.
+sg. me þone wäl-ræs wine Scyldinga fättan golde fela leánode (_the friend
+of the Scyldings rewarded me richly for the combat with plated gold_),
+2103.
+
+leás, adj., _false_: nom. pl. leáse, 253.
+
+leás, adj., _deprived of, free from_, w. gen.: nom. sg. dreáma leás, 851;
+dat. sg. winigea leásum, 1665.--Comp.: dôm-, dreám-, ealdor-, feoh-,
+feormend-, hlâford-, sâwol-, sige-, sorh-, tîr-, þeóden-, wine-, wyn-leás.
+
+leásig, adj., _concealing one's self_; in comp. sin-leásig(?).
+
+leoðo-cräft, st. m., _the art of weaving_ or _working in meshes, wire_,
+etc.: instr. pl. segn eall-gylden ... gelocen leoðo-cräftum (_a banner all
+hand-wrought of interlaced gold_), 2770.
+
+leoðo-syrce, w. f., _shirt of mail (limb-sark)_: acc. sg. locene
+leoðo-syrcan (_locked linked sark_), 1506; acc. pl. locene leoðo-syrcan,
+1891.
+
+leomum. See lim.
+
+leornian, w. v., _to learn, devise, plan_: pret. him þäs gûð-cyning ...
+wräce leornode (_the war-king planned vengeance therefor_), 2337.
+
+leód, st. m., _prince_: nom. sg., 341, 348, 670, 830, 1433, 1493, 1613,
+1654, etc.; acc. leód, 626.
+
+leód, st. f., _people_: gen. sg. leóde, 597, 600, 697. In pl. indicates
+_individuals, people, kinsmen_: nom. pl. leóde, 362, 415, 1214, 2126, etc.;
+gum-cynnes Geáta leóde (_people of the race of the Geátas_), 260; acc. pl.
+leóde, 192, 443, 1337, 1346, etc.; dat. pl. leódum, 389, 521, 619, 698,
+906, 1160, etc.; gen. pl. leóda, 205, 635, 794, 1674, 2034, etc.
+
+leód-bealo, st. n., (_mischief, misfortune affecting an entire people_),
+_great, unheard-of calamity_: acc. sg., 1723; gen. pl. leód-bealewa, 1947.
+
+leód-burh, st. f., _princely castle, stronghold of a ruler, chief city_:
+acc. pl. -byrig, 2472.
+
+leód-cyning, st. m., _king of the people_: nom. sg., 54.
+
+leód-fruma, w. m., _prince of the people, ruler_: acc. sg. leód-fruman,
+2131.
+
+leód-gebyrgea, w. m., _protector of the people, prince_: acc. sg.
+-gebyrgean, 269.
+
+leód-hryre, st. m., _fall, overthrow, of the prince, ruler_: dat. sg. äfter
+leód-hryre (_after the fall of the king of the Heaðobeardas_, Frôda, cf.
+2051), 2031; gen. sg. þäs leód-hryres (of the fall of Heardred, cf. 2389),
+2392.
+
+leód-sceaða, w. m., _injurer of the people_: dat. sg. þam leód-sceaðan,
+2094.
+
+leód-scipe, st. m., _the whole nation, people_: acc. sg., 2752; dat. sg. on
+þam leód-scipe, 2198.
+
+leóð, st. n., _song, lay_: nom. sg., 1160.--Comp.: fyrd-, gryre-, gûð-,
+sorh-leóð.
+
+leóf, adj., _lief, dear_: nom. sg., 31, 54, 203, 511, 521, 1877, 2468; weak
+form m., leófa, 1217, 1484, 1855, 2664; acc. sg. m. leófne, 34, 297, 619,
+1944, 2128, 3109, 3143; gen. sg. leófes (m.), 1995, 2081, 2898; (neut.),
+1062, 2911; dat. pl. leófum, 1074; gen. pl. leófra, 1916. Compar. nom. sg.
+neut. leófre, 2652. Superl. nom. sg. m. leófost, 1297; acc. sg. þone
+leófestan, 2824.
+
+leóflîc, _dear, precious, valued_: nom. sg. m. leóflîc lind-wîga, 2604;
+acc. sg. neut. leóflîc îren, 1810.
+
+leógan, st. v., _to lie, belie, deceive_. subj. pres. näfne him his wlite
+leóge (_unless his looks belie him_), 250; pret. sg. he ne leág fela wyrda
+ne worda, 3030.
+
+â-leógan, _to deceive, leave unfulfilled_: pret. sg. he beót ne â-lêh (_he
+left not his promise unfulfilled_), 80.
+
+ge-leógan, _to deceive, betray_: pret. sg. him seó wên geleáh (_hope
+deceived him_), 2324.
+
+leóht, st. n., _light, brilliance_: nom. sg., 569, 728, 1751 (?); acc. sg.
+sunnan leóht, 649; godes leóht geceás (_chose God's light, died_), 2470;
+dat. sg. tô leóhte, 95.--Comp.: æfen-, fýr-, morgen-leóht.
+
+leóht, adj., _luminous, bright_: instr. sg. leóhtan sweorde, 2493.
+
+leóma, w. m.: 1) _light, splendor_: nom. sg., 311, 2770; acc. sg. leóman,
+1518; sunnan and mônan leóman (_light of sun and moon_), 95.--2) (as beadu-
+and hilde-leóma), _the glittering sword_: nom. sg. lixte se leóma (_the
+blade-gleam flashed_), 1571.
+
+leósan, st. v., = amitti, in
+
+be-leósan, _to deprive, be deprived of_: pres. part. (heó) wearð beloren
+leófum bearnum and brôðrum (_was deprived of her dear children and
+brethren_), 1074.
+
+for-leósan, with dat. instr., _to lose something_: pret. sg. þær he dôme
+for-leás, ellen-mærðum (_there lost he the glory, the repute, of his heroic
+deeds_), 1471; pret. sg. for pl. þâm þe ær his elne for-leás (_to him who,
+before, had lost his valor_), 2862; part. pret. nealles ic þâm leánum
+for-loren häfde (_not at all had I lost the rewards_), 2146.
+
+libban, w. v., _to live, be, exist_: pres. sing. III. lifað, 3169; lyfað,
+945; leofað, 975, 1367, 2009; subj. pres. sg. II. lifige, 1225; pres. part.
+lifigende, 816, 1954, 1974, 2063; dat. sg. be þe lifigendum (_in thy
+lifetime_), 2666; pret. sg. lifde, 57, 1258; lyfde, 2145; pret. pl. lifdon,
+99. See unlifigende.
+
+licgan, st. v.: 1) _to lie, lie down_ or _low_: pres. sg. nu seó hand ligeð
+(_now the hand lies low_), 1344; nu se wyrm ligeð, 2746, so 2904; inf.
+licgan, 3130; licgean, 967, 3083; pret. sg. läg, 40, 552, 2078; syððan
+Heardrêd läg (_after Heardrêd had fallen_), 2389; pret. pl. lâgon, 3049;
+lægon, 566.--2) _to lie prostrate, rest, fail_: pret. sg. næfre on ôre läg
+wîd-cûðes wîg (_never failed the far-famed one's valor at the front_),
+1042; syððan wiðer-gyld läg (_after vengeance failed_, or, _when Withergyld
+lay dead_, if _W._ is a proper name), 2052.
+
+â-licgan, _to succumb, fail, yield_: inf. 2887; pret. sg. þät his dôm â-läg
+(_that its power failed it_), 1529.
+
+ge-licgan, _to rest, lie still_: pret. sg. wind-blond geläg, 3147.
+
+lida, w. m., _boat, ship_ (as in motion); in comp.: sund-, ýð-lida.
+
+lid-man, st. m., _seafarer, sailor_: gen. pl. lid-manna, 1624.
+
+lim, st. n., _limb, branch_: instr. pl. leomum, 97.
+
+limpan, st. v., _to happen, befall_ (well or ill); impers. w. dat. pret.
+sg. hû lomp eów on lâde (_how went it with you on the journey?_), 1988.
+
+â-limpan, _to come about, offer itself_: pret. sg. ôð þät sæl â-lamp (_till
+the opportunity presented itself_), 623; pret. part, þâ him â-lumpen wäs
+wistfylle wên (_since a hope of a full meal had befallen him_), 734.
+
+be-limpan, _to happen to, befall_: pret. sg. him sió sâr belamp, 2469.
+
+ge-limpan, _to happen, occur, turn out_: pres. sg. III. hit eft gelimpeð
+þät..., 1754; subj. pres. þisse ansýne alwealdan þanc lungre gelimpe
+(_thanks to the Almighty forthwith for this sight!_), 930; pret. sg. him on
+fyrste gelamp þät..., 76; swâ him ful-oft gelamp (_as often happened to
+them_), 1253; þäs þe hire se willa gelamp þät ... (_because her wish had
+been fulfilled_), 627; frôfor eft gelamp sârig-môdum, 2942; subj. pret. gif
+him þyslîcu þearf gelumpe, 2638; pret. part. Denum eallum wearð ... willa
+gelumpen, 825.
+
+lind, st. f. (properly _linden_; here, a a wooden shield covered with
+linden-bark or pith): nom. sg., 2342; acc. sg. geolwe linde, 2611; acc. pl.
+linde, 2366.
+
+lind-gestealla, w. m., _shield-comrade, war-comrade_: nom. sg., 1974.
+
+lind-häbbend, pres. part., _provided with a shield_, i.e. warrior: nom. pl.
+-häbbende, 245; gen. pl. häbbendra, 1403.
+
+lind-plega, w. m., _shield-play_, i.e. battle: dat. sg. lind-plegan, 1074,
+2040.
+
+lind-wîga, w. m., _shield-fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 2604.
+
+linnan, st. v., _to depart, be deprived of_: inf. aldre linnan (_depart
+from life_), 1479; ealdres linnan, 2444.
+
+lis, st. f., _favor, affection_: gen. pl. eall ... lissa, 2151.
+
+list, st. m., _art, skill, cleverness, cunning_: dat. pl. adverbial, listum
+(_cunningly_), 782.
+
+lixan, w. v., _to shine, flash_: pret. sg. lixte, 311, 485, 1571.
+
+lîc, st. n.: 1) _body, corpse_: nom. sg., 967; acc. sg. lîc, 2081; þät lîc
+(_the body, corpse_), 2128; dat. sg. lîce, 734, 1504, 2424, 2572, 2733,
+2744; gen. sg. lîces, 451, 1123.-- 2) _form, figure_: in comp. eofor-,
+swîn-lîc.
+
+ge-lîc, adj., _like, similar_: nom. pl. m. ge-lîce, 2165. Superl.
+ge-lîcost, 218, 728, 986, 1609.
+
+lîc-hama, -homa, w. m. _(body-home, garment), body_: nom. sg. lîc-homa,
+813, 1008, 1755; acc. sg. lîc-haman, 2652; dat. sg. lîc-haman, 3179.
+
+lîcian, w. v., _to please, like_ (impers.): pres. sg. III. me þîn môd-sefa
+lîcað leng swâ wel, 1855; pret. pl. þam wîfe þâ word wel lîcodon, 640.
+
+lîcnes. See on-lîcnes.
+
+lîc-sâr, st. n., _bodily pain_: acc. sg. lîc-sâr, 816.
+
+lîc-syrce, w. f., _body-sark, shirt of mail covering the body_: nom. sg.,
+550.
+
+1îðan, st. v., _to move, go_: pres. part. nom. pl. þâ lîðende (_navigantes,
+sailors_), 221; þâ wäs sund liden (_the water was then traversed_),
+223.--Comp.: heáðu-, mere-, wæg-lîðend.
+
+lîðe (O.H.G. lindi), adj., _gentle, mild, friendly_: nom. sg. w. instr.
+gen. lâra lîðe, 1221. Superl. nom. sg. lîðost, 3184.
+
+lið-wæge, st. n., _can in which lîð_ (a wine-like, foaming drink) _is
+contained_: acc. sg., 1983.
+
+lîf, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. lîf, 97, 734, 1537, 2424, 2744, 2752; dat.
+sg. lîfe, 2572; tô lîfe (_in one's life, ever_) 2433; gen. sg. lîfes, 197,
+791, 807, 2824, 2846; worolde lîfes (_of the earthly life_), 1388,
+2344.--Comp. edwît-lîf.
+
+lîf-bysig, adj. _(striving for life or death), weary of life, in torment of
+death_: nom. sg., 967.
+
+lîf-dagas, st. m. pl., _lifetime_: acc.-dagas, 794, 1623.
+
+lîf-freá, w. m., _lord of life, God_: nom. sg., 16.
+
+lîf-gedâl, st. n., _separation from life_: nom. sg., 842.
+
+lîf-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, destiny_: gen. pl.-gesceafta, 1954, 3065.
+
+lîf-wraðu, st. f., _protection for one's life, safety_: acc. sg. lîf-wraðe,
+2878; dat. sg. tô lîf-wraðe, 972.
+
+lîf-wyn, st. f., _pleasure, enjoyment, joy_ (of life): gen. pl. lîf-wynna,
+2098.
+
+lîg, st. m. n., _flame, fire_: nom. sg., 1123; dat. instr. sg. lîge, 728,
+2306, 2322, 2342; gen. sg. lîges, 83, 782. See lêg.
+
+lîg-draca, w. m., _ fire-drake, flaming dragon_; nom. pl., 2334. See
+lêg-draca.
+
+lîg-egesa, w. m., _horror arising through fire, flaming terror_: acc. sg.,
+2781.
+
+lîge-torn, st. m., _false, pretended insult_ or _injury, fierce anger_(?):
+dat. sg. äfter lîge-torne _(on account of a pretended insult?_ or _fierce
+anger?_ cf. Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 208), 1944.
+
+lîg-ýð, st. m., _wave of fire_: instr. pl. lîg-ýðum, 2673.
+
+león, st. v., _to lend_: pret. sg. þät him on þearfe lâh þyle Hrôðgâres
+(_which H.'s spokesman lent him in need_), 1457.
+
+on-leóon, _to lend, grant as a loan_, with gen. of thing and dat. pers.:
+pret. sg. þâ he þäs wæpnes on-lâh sêlran sweord-frecan, 1468.
+
+loca, w. m., _bolt, lock_: in comp. bân-, burh-loca.
+
+locen. See lûcan.
+
+lond, long. See land, lang.
+
+lof, st. m. n., _praise, repute_: acc. sg. lof, 1537.
+
+lof-dæd, st. f., _deed of praise_: instr. pl. lof-dædum, 24.
+
+lof-georn, adj., _eager for praise, ambitious_: superl. nom. sg.
+lof-geornost, 3184.
+
+loga, w. m., _liar_; in comp. treów-loga.
+
+losian, w. v., _to escape, flee_: pres. sg. III. losað, 1393, 2063; pret.
+sg. he on weg losade (_fled away_), 2097.
+
+lôcian, w. v., _to see, look at_: pres. sg. II. sæ-lâc ... þe þu her tô
+lôcast (_booty of the sea that thou lookest on_), 1655.
+
+ge-lôme, adv., _often, frequently_, 559.
+
+lufe, w. f., _love_: in comp. heáh-, môd-, wîf-lufe.
+
+lufa (cf. and-leofa, big-leofa, _nourishment_), w. m., _food, subsistence;
+property, real estate_: acc. sg. on lufan (_on possessions_), 1729.--Comp.
+eard-lufa.
+
+lufen, st. f. (cf. lufa), _subsistence, food; real estate, (enjoyment?)_:
+nom. sg. lufen (parallel with êðel-wyn), 2887.
+
+luf-tâcen, st. n., _love-token_: acc. pl. luf-tâcen, 1864.
+
+lufian, w. v., _to love, serve affectionately_: pret. sg. III. lufode þâ
+leóde (_was on affectionate terms with the people_), 1983.
+
+lungre, adv.: 1) _hastily, quickly, forthwith_, 930, 1631, 2311, 2744.--2)
+_quite, very, fully_: feówer mearas lungre gelîce (_four horses quite
+alike_), 2165.
+
+lust, st. m., _pleasure, joy_: dat. pl. adv. lustum (_joyfully_), 1654; so,
+on lust, 619, cf. 600.
+
+lûcan, st. v., _to twist, wind, lock, interweave_: pret. part. acc. sg. and
+pl. locene leoðo-syrcan (_shirt of mail wrought of meshes or rings
+interlocked_), 1506, 1891; gen. pl. locenra beága (_rings wrought of gold
+wire_), 2996.
+
+be-lûcan: 1) _to shut, close in or around_: pret. sg. winter ýðe be-leác
+îs-gebinde (_winter locked the waves with icy bond_), 1133.-- 2) _to shut
+in, off, preserve, protect_: pret. sg. I. hig wîge beleác manegum mægða (_I
+shut them in, protected them, from war arising from many a tribe_), 1771.
+Cf. me wîge belûc wrâðum feóndum (_protect me against mine enemies_), Ps.
+34, 3.
+
+ge-lûcan, _to unite, link together, make_: pret. part. gelocen, 2770.
+
+on-lûcan, _to unlock, open_: pret. sg. word-hord on-leác (_opened the
+word-hoard, treasure of speech_), 259.
+
+tô-lucan, _(to twist, wrench, in two) to destroy_: inf., 782.
+
+lyft, st. f. (m. n.?), _air_: nom. sg., 1376; dat. sg. äfter lyfte (_along,
+through, the air_), 2833.
+
+lyft-floga, w. m., _air-flier_: nom. sg. (of the dragon), 2316.
+
+lyft-geswenced, pret. part., _urged, hastened on, by the wind_, 1914.
+
+lyft-wyn, st. f., _enjoyment of the air_: acc. sg. lyft-wynne, 3044.
+
+lyhð. See leahan.
+
+lystan, w. v., _to lust after, long for_: pret. sg. Geát ungemetes wel ...
+restan lyste(_the Geát_ [Beówulf] _longed sorely to rest_), 1794.
+
+lyt, adj. neut. (= parum), _little, very little, few_: lyt eft becwom ...
+hâmes niósan (_few escaped homeward_), 2366; lyt ænig (_none at all_),
+3130; usually with gen.: wintra lyt, 1928; lyt ... heáfod-mâga, 2151;
+wergendra tô lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; lyt swîgode nîwra spella (_he
+kept to himself little, none at all, of the new tidings_), 2898; dat. sg.
+lyt manna (_too few of men_), 2837.
+
+lytel, adj., _small, little_: nom. sg. neut. tô lytel, 1749; acc. sg. f.
+lytle hwîle (_a little while_), 2031, 2098; lif-wraðe lytle (_little
+protection for his life_), 2878.--Comp. un-lytel.
+
+lyt-hwôn, adv., _little = not at all_: lyt-hwôn lôgon, 204.
+
+lýfe, st. n., _leave, permission, (life?)_: instr. sg. þîne lýfe (life,
+MS.), 2132.--Leo. Cf. O.N. leyfi, n., _leave, permission_, in Möbius'
+Glossary, p. 266.
+
+lýfan, w. v., (fundamental meaning _to believe, trust_) in
+
+â-lýfan, _to allow, grant, entrust_: pret. sg. næfre ic ænegum men ær
+âlýfde ... þryð-ärn Dena (_never before to any man have I entrusted the
+palace of the Danes_), 656; pret. part. (þâ me wäs) sîð ... âlýfed inn
+under eorð-weall (_the way in under the wall of earth was allowed me_),
+3090.
+
+ge-lýfan, w. v., _to believe, trust_: 1) w. dat.: inf. þær gelýfan sceal
+dryhtnes dôme se þe hine deáð nimeð (_whomever death carrieth away, shall
+believe it to be the judgment of God_, i.e. in the contest between Beówulf
+and Grendel), 440.--2) w. acc.: pret. sg. geóce gelýfde brego Beorht-Dena
+(_believed in, expected, help_, etc.), 609; þät heó on ænigne eorl gelýfde
+fyrena frôfre (_that she at last should expect from any earl comfort, help,
+out of these troubles_), 628; se þe him bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (_who
+trusted in him as a help out of evils_), 910; him tô anwaldan âre gelýfde
+(_relied for himself on the help of God_), 1273.
+
+â-lýsan, w. v., _to loose, liberate_: pret. part. þâ wäs of þäm hrôran helm
+and byrne lungre â-lýsed (_helm and corselet were straightway loosed from
+him_), 1631.
+
+
+M
+
+maðelian, w. v. (sermocinari), _to speak, talk_: pret. sg. maðelode, 286,
+348, 360, 371, 405, 456, 499, etc.; maðelade, 2426.
+
+maga, w. m., _son, male descendant, young man_: nom. sg. maga Healfdenes
+(Hrôðgâr), 189, 1475, 2144; maga Ecgþeówes (Beówulf), 2588: maga (Grendel),
+979; se maga geonga (Wîglâf), 2676; Grendeles maga (_a relative of
+Grendel_), 2007; acc. sg. þone magan, 944.
+
+magan, v. with pret.-pres. form, _to be able_: pres. sg. I. III. mäg, 277,
+478, 931, 943, 1485, 1734, etc.; II. meaht þu, 2048; subj. pres. mæge,
+2531, 2750; þeáh ic eal mæge (_even though I could_), 681; subj. pl. we
+mægen, 2655; pret. sg. meahte, 542, 755, 1131, 1660, 2465, etc.; mihte,
+190, 207, 462, 511, 571, 657, 1509, 2092, 2610; mehte, 1083, 1497, 1516,
+1878; pl. meahton, 649, 942, 1455, 1912, 2374, 3080; mihton, 308, 313,
+2684, 3164; subj. pret. sg. meahte, 243, 763, 2521; pres. sg. mäg,
+sometimes = licet, _may, can, will_ (fut.), 1366, 1701, 1838, 2865.
+
+mago (Goth. magu-s), st. m., _male, son_: nom. sg. mago Ecglâfes (Hunferð),
+1466; mago Healfdenes (Hrôðgâr), 1868, 2012.
+
+mago-dryht, st. f., _troop of young men, band of men_: nom. sg. mago-driht,
+67.
+
+mago-rinc, st. m., _hero, man_ (preeminently): gen. pl. mago-rinca, heáp,
+731.
+
+magu-þegn, mago-þegn, st. m., _vassal, war-thane_: nom. sg. 408, 2758; dat.
+sg. magu-þegne, 2080; acc. pl. magu-þegnas, 293; dat. pl. mago-þegnum,
+1481; gen. pl. mago-þegna ... þone sêlestan (_the best of vassals_), 1406.
+
+man, mon, st. m.: 1) _man, human being_: nom. sg. man, 25, 503, 534, 1049,
+1354, 1399, 1535, 1877, etc.; mon, 209, 510, 1561, 1646, 2282, etc.; acc.
+sg. w. mannan, 297, 577, 1944, 2128, 2775; wîd-cûðne man, 1490; dat. sg.
+men, 656, 753, 1880; menn, 2190; gen. sg. mannes, 1195 (?), 2081, 2534,
+2542; monnes, 1730; nom. pl. men, 50, 162, 233, 1635, 3167; acc. pl. men,
+69, 337, 1583, 1718; dat. pl. mannum, 3183; gen. pl. manna, 155, 201, 380,
+702, 713, 736, etc.; monna, 1414, 2888.--2) indef. pron. = _one, they,
+people_ (Germ. _man_): man, 1173, 1176; mon, 2356, 3177.--Comp.: fyrn-,
+gleó-, gum-, iú-, lid-, sæ-, wæpned-man.
+
+man. See munan.
+
+man-cyn, st. n., _mankind_: dat. sg. man-cynne, 110; gen. sg. man-cynnes,
+164, 2182; mon-cynnes, 196, 1956.
+
+man-dreám, st. m., _human joy, mundi voluptas_: acc. sg. man-dreám, 1265;
+dat. pl. mon-dreámum, 1716.
+
+man-dryhten, st. m. (_lord of men_), _ruler of the people, prince, king_:
+nom. sg. man-dryhten, 1979, 2648; mon-drihten, 436; mon-dryhten, 2866; acc.
+sg. mon-dryhten, 2605; dat. sg. man-drihtne, 1230; man-dryhtne, 1250, 2282;
+gen. sg. man-dryhtnes, 2850; mon-dryhtnes, 3150.
+
+ge-mang, st. m., _troop, company_: dat. sg. on gemonge (_in the troop_ [of
+the fourteen Geátas that returned from the sea]), 1644.
+
+manian, w. v., _to warn, admonish_: pres. sg. III. manað swâ and myndgað
+... sârum wordum (_so warneth and remindeth he with bitter words_), 2058.
+
+manig, monig, adj., _many, many a, much_: 1) adjectively: nom. sg. rinc
+manig, 399; geong manig (_many a young man_), 855; monig snellîc sæ-rinc,
+690; medu-benc monig, 777; so 839, 909, 919, 1511, 2763, 3023, etc.; acc.
+sg. medo-ful manig, 1016; dat. sg. m. þegne monegum, 1342, 1420; dat. sg.
+f. manigre mægðe, 75; acc. pl. manige men, 337; dat. pl. manegum mâðmum,
+2104; monegum mægðum, 5; gen. pl. manigra mêda, 1179.--2) substantively:
+nom. sg. manig, 1861; monig, 858; dat. sg. manegum, 349, 1888; nom. pl.
+manige, 1024; monige, 2983; acc. pl. monige, 1599; gen. pl. manigra,
+2092.--3) with depend. gen. pl.: dat. manegum mægða, 1772; monegum fira,
+2002; häleða monegum bold-âgendra, 3112; acc. pl. rinca manige, 729;
+(mâðm)-æhta monige, 1614.
+
+manig-oft, adv., _very often, frequently_, 171 [if manig and oft are to be
+connected].
+
+man-lîce, adv., _man-like, manly_, 1047.
+
+man-þwære, adj., _kind, gentle toward men, philanthropic_: nom. sg. superl.
+mon-þwærust, 3183.
+
+mâ, contracted compar., _more_: with partitive gen., 504, 736, 1056.
+
+mâðum, mâððum, st. m., _gift, jewel, object of value_: acc. sg. mâððum,
+169, 1053, 2056, 3017; dat. instr. sg. mâðme, 1529, 1903; nom. pl. mâðmas,
+1861; acc. pl. mâdmas, 385, 472, 1028, 1483, 1757, 1868, etc.; dat. instr.
+pl. mâðmum, mâdmum, 1049, 1899, 2104, 2789; gen. pl. mâðma, 1785, 2144,
+2167, etc.; mâdma, 36, 41.--Comp.: dryht-, gold-, hord-, ofer-, sinc-,
+wundor-mâðum.
+
+mâðm-æht, st. f., _treasure in jewels, costly objects_: gen. pl. mâðm-æhta,
+1614, 2834.
+
+mâððum-fät, st. n., _treasure-casket_ or _cup, costly vessel_: nom. sg.,
+2406.
+
+mâðm-gestreón, st. n., _precious jewel_: gen. pl. mâðm-gestreóna, 1932.
+
+mâðum-gifu, st. f., _gift of valuable objects, largess of treasure_: dat.
+sg. äfter mâððum-gife, 1302.
+
+mâðum-sigl, st. n., _costly, sun-shaped ornament, valuable decoration_:
+gen. pl. mâððum-sigla, 2758.
+
+mâðum-sweord, st. n., _costly sword_ (inlaid with gold and jewels): acc.
+sg., 1024.
+
+mâðum-wela, w. m., _wealth of jewels, valuables_:: dat. sg.
+äfter-mâððum-welan (_after the sight of the wealth of jewels_), 2751.
+
+mâgas. See mæg.
+
+mâge, w. f., _female relative_: gen. sg. Grendles mâgan (_mother_), 1392.
+
+mân, st. n., _crime, misdeed_: instr. sg. mâne, 110, 979; adv.,
+_criminally_, 1056.
+
+mân-for-dædla, w. m., _evil-doer, criminal_: nom. pl. mân-for-dædlan, 563.
+
+mân-scaða, w. m., _mischievous, hurtful foe, hostis nefastus_: nom. sg.
+713, 738, 1340; mân-sceaða, 2515.
+
+mâra (comp. of micel), adj., _greater, stronger, mightier_: nom. sg. m.
+mâra, 1354, 2556; neut. mâre, 1561; acc. sg. m. mâran, 2017; mund-gripe
+mâran (_a mightier hand-grip_), 754; with following gen. pl. mâran ...
+eorla (_a more powerful earl_), 247; fem. mâran, 533, 1012; neut. mâre,
+518; with gen. pl. morð-beala mâre _(more, greater, deeds of murder_), 136;
+gen. sg. f. mâran, 1824.
+
+mæst (superl. of micel, mâra), _greatest, strongest_: nom. sg. neut. (with
+partitive gen.), mæst, 78, 193; fem. mæst, 2329; acc. sg. fem. fæhðe mæste,
+459; mæste ... worolde wynne (_the highest earthly pleasure_), 1080; neut.
+n. (with partitive gen.) mæst mærða, 2646; hond-wundra mæst, 2769; bæl-fýra
+mæst, 3144; instr. sg. m. mæste cräfte, 2182.
+
+mäcg. See mecg.
+
+mägð, st. f., _wife, maid, woman_: nom. sg., 3017; gen. pl. mägða hôse
+(_accompanied by her maids of honor_), 925; mägða, 944, 1284.
+
+mägen, st. n.: 1) _might, bodily strength, heroic power_: acc. sg. mägen,
+518, 1707; instr. sg. mägene, 780(?), 2668; gen. sg. mägenes, 418, 1271,
+1535, 1717, etc.; mägnes, 671, 1762; mägenes strang, strengest (_great in
+strength_), 1845, 196; mägenes rôf (id.), 2085.--2) _prime, flower_ (of a
+nation), _forces available in war_: acc. sg. swâ he oft (i.e. etan) dyde
+mägen Hrêðmanna (_the best of the Hreðmen_), 445; gen. sg. wið manna hwone
+mägenes Deniga (_from(?) any of the men of the Danes_), 155.--Comp.
+ofer-mägen.
+
+mägen-âgend, pres. part., _having great strength, valiant_: gen. pl.
+-âgendra, 2838.
+
+mägen-byrðen, st. f., _huge burthen_: acc. sg. mägen-byrðenne, 3092; dat.
+(instr.) sg., 1626.
+
+mägen-cräft, st. m., _great, hero-like, strength_: acc. sg., 380.
+
+mägen-ellen, st. n. (the same), acc. sg., 660.
+
+mägen-fultum, st. m., _material aid_: gen. pl. näs þät þonne mætost
+mägen-fultuma (_that was not the least of strong helps_, i.e. the sword
+Hrunting), 1456.
+
+mägen-ræs, st. m., _mighty attack, onslaught_: acc. sg., 1520.
+
+mägen-strengo, st. f., _main strength, heroic power_: acc. sg., 2679.
+
+mägen-wudu, st. m., _might-wood_, i.e. the spear, lance: acc. sg., 236.
+
+mäst, st. m., _mast_: nom. sg., 1899; dat. sg. be mäste (_beside the
+mast_), 36; _to the mast_, 1906.
+
+mæðum. See mâðum, hyge-mæðum.
+
+mæg, st. m., _kinsman by blood_: nom. sg. mæg, 408, 738, 759, 814, 915,
+1531, 1945, etc; (_brother_), 468, 2605? acc. sg. mæg (_son_), 1340;
+(_brother_), 2440, 2485, 2983; dat. sg. mæge, 1979; gen. sg. mæges, 2629,
+2676, 2699, 2880; nom. pl. mâgas, 1016; acc. pl. mâgas, 2816; dat. pl.
+mâgum, 1179, 2615, 3066; (_to brothers_), 1168; mægum, 2354; gen. pl. mâga,
+247, 1080, 1854, 2007, 2743.--Comp.: fäderen-, heáfod-, wine-mæg.
+
+mæg-burh, st. f., _borough of blood-kinsmen, entire population united by
+ties of blood_; (in wider sense) _race, people, nation_: gen. sg.
+lond-rihtes ... þære mæg-burge (_of land possessions among the people_,
+i.e. of the Geátas), 2888.
+
+mægð, st. f., _race, people_: acc. sg. mægðe, 1012; dat. sg. mægðe, 75;
+dat. pl. mægðum, 5; gen. pl. mægða, 25, 1772.
+
+mæg-wine, st. m., _blood kinsman, friend_, 2480 (nom. pl.).
+
+mæl, st. n.: l) _time, point of time_: nom. sg. 316; þâ wäs sæl and mæl
+(_there was_ [appropriate] _chance and time_), 1009; acc. sg. mæl, 2634;
+instr. pl. ærran mælum, 908, 2238, 3036; gen. pl. mæla, 1250; sæla and
+mæla, 1612; mæla gehwylce (_each time, without intermission_), 2058.--2)
+_sword, weapon_: nom. sg. broden (brogden) mæl (_the drawn sword_), 1617,
+1668 (cf. Grimm, Andreas and Elene, p. 156).--3) _mole, spot,
+mark_.--Comp.: græg-, hring-, sceaðen-, wunden-mæl.
+
+mæl-cearu, st. f., _long-continued sorrow, grief_: acc. sg. mæl-ceare, 189.
+
+mæl-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, appointed time_: acc. pl. ie on earde bâd
+mæl-gesceafta (_awaited the time allotted for me by fate_), 2738.
+
+mænan, w. v., with acc. in the sense of (1) _to remember, mention,
+proclaim_: inf. mænan, 1068; pret. part. þær wäs Beówulfes mærðo mæned,
+858.--2) _to mention sorrowfully, mourn_: inf. 3173; pret. sg. giohðo mænde
+(_mourned sorrowfully_), 2268; pret. pl. mændon, 1150, 3150.
+
+ge-mænan (see mân), w. v. with acc., _to injure maliciously, break_: subj.
+pret. pl. ge-mænden, 1102.
+
+ge-mæne, adj., _common, in common_: nom. sg. gemæne, 2474; þær unc hwîle
+wäs hand gemæne (i.e. in battle), 2138; sceal ûrum þät sweord and helm bâm
+gemæne (i.e. wesan), 2661; nom. pl. gemæne, 1861; dat. pl. þät þâm folcum
+sceal ... sib gemænum (attraction for gemæne, i.e. wesan), 1858; gen. pl.
+unc sceal (i.e. wesan) fela mâðma gemænra (_we two shall share many
+treasures together_), 1785.
+
+mærðu, st. f.: 1) _glory, a heroes fame_: nom. sg. 858; acc. sg. mærðo,
+660, 688; acc. pl. mærða, 2997; instr. pl. mærðum (_gloriously_), 2515:
+gen. pl. mærða, 504, 1531.--2) _deed of glory, heroism_: acc. sg. mærðo,
+2135; gen. pl. mærða, 408, 2646.--Comp. ellen-mærðu.
+
+mære, adj., _memorable; celebrated, noble; well known, notorious_: nom. sg.
+m. mære, 103, 129, 1716, 1762; se mæra, 763, 2012, 2588; also as vocative
+m. se mæra, 1475; nom. fem. mæru, 2017; mære, 1953; neut. mære, 2406; acc.
+sg. m. mærne, 36, 201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2789, 3099; neut. mære, 1024;
+dat. sg. mærum, 345, 1302, 1993, 2080, 2573; tô þäm mæran, 270; gen. sg.
+mæres, 798; mæran, 1730; nom. pl. mære, 3071; superl. mærost, 899,--Comp.:
+fore-, heaðo-mære.
+
+mæst. See mâra.
+
+mæte, adj., _moderate, small_: superl. nom. sg. mætost, 1456.
+
+mecg, mäcg, st. m., _son, youth, man_. in comp. hilde-, oret-mecg,
+wräc-mäcg.
+
+medla. See on-medla.
+
+medu, st. m., _mead_: acc. sg. medu, 2634; dat. sg. tô medo, 605.
+
+medo-ärn, st. n., _mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-ärn (Heorot), 69.
+
+medu-benc, st. f., _mead-bench, bench in the mead-hall_: nom. sg.
+medu-benc, 777; dat. sg. medu-bence, 1053; medo-bence, 1068, 2186;
+meodu-bence, 1903.
+
+medu-dreám, st. m., _mead-joy, joyous carousing during mead-drinking_: acc.
+sg. 2017.
+
+medo-ful, st. n., _mead-cup_: acc. sg. 625, 1016.
+
+medo-heal, st. f., _mead-hall_: nom. sg., 484; dat. sg. meodu-healle, 639.
+
+medu-scenc, st. m., _mead-can, vessel_: instr. pl. meodu-scencum, 1981.
+
+medu-seld, st. n., _mead-seat, mead-house_: acc. sg., 3066.
+
+medo-setl, st. n., _mead-seat upon which one sits mead-drinking_: gen. pl.
+meodo-setla, 5.
+
+medo-stîg, st. f., _mead-road, road to the mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-stîg,
+925.
+
+medo-wang, st. m., _mead-field_ (where the mead-hall stood): acc. pl.
+medo-wongas, 1644.
+
+meðel, st. n., _assembly, council_: dat. sg. on meðle, 1877.
+
+meðel-stede, st. m., (properly _place of speech, judgment-seat_), here
+_meeting-place, battle-field_ (so, also 425, the battle is conceived under
+the figure of a parliament or convention): dat. sg. on þäm meðel-stede,
+1083.
+
+meðel-word, st. n., _words called forth at a discussion; address_: instr.
+pl. meðel-wordum, 236.
+
+melda, w. m., _finder, informer, betrayer_: gen. sg. þäs meldan, 2406.
+
+meltan, st. v. intrans., _to consume by fire, melt or waste away_: inf.,
+3012; pret. sg. mealt, 2327; pl. multon, 1121.
+
+ge-meltan, the same: pret. sg. gemealt, 898, 1609, 1616; ne gemealt him se
+môd-sefa (_his courage did not desert him_), 2629.
+
+men. See man.
+
+mene, st. m., _neck ornament, necklace, collar_: acc. sg., 1200.
+
+mengan, w. v., _to mingle, unite, with_, w. acc. of thing: inf. se þe
+mere-grundas mengan scolde, 1450.
+
+ge-mengan, _to mix with, commingle_: pret. part. 849, 1594.
+
+menigu, st. f., _multitude, many_: nom. and acc. sg. mâðma menigeo
+(_multitude of treasures, presents_), 2144; so, mänigo, 41.
+
+mercels, st. m., _mark, aim_: gen. sg. mercelses, 2440.
+
+mere, st. m., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg. se mere, 1363; acc. sg. on mere, 1131,
+1604; on nicera mere, 846; dat. sg. fram mere, 856.
+
+mere-deór, st. n., _sea-beast_: acc. sg., 558.
+
+mere-fara, w. m., _seafarer_: gen. sg. mere-faran, 502.
+
+mere-fix, st. m., _sea-fish_: gen. pl. mere-fixa (_the whale_, cf. 540),
+549.
+
+mere-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom_: acc. sg., 2101; acc. pl. mere-grundas,
+1450.
+
+mere-hrägl, st. n., _-sea-garment_, i.e., sail: gen. pl. mere-hrägla sum,
+1906.
+
+mere-lîðend, pres. part., _moving on the sea, sailor_: nom. pl.
+mere-lîðende, 255.
+
+mere-stræt, st. f., _sea-street, way over the sea_: acc. pl. mere-stræta
+514.
+
+mere-strengo, st. f., _sea-power, strength in the sea_: acc. sg., 533.
+
+mere-wîf, st. n., _sea-woman, mer-woman_: acc. sg. (of Grendel's mother),
+1520.
+
+mergen. See morgen.
+
+met, st. n., _thought, intention_ (cf. metian = meditari): acc. pl. onsæl
+meoto, 489 (meaning doubtful; see Bugge, Journal 8, 292; Dietrich, Haupt's
+Zeits. 11, 411; Körner, Eng. Stud. 2, 251).
+
+ge-met, st. n., _an apportioned share; might, power, ability _: nom. sg.
+nis þät ... gemet mannes nefne mîn ânes (_nobody, myself excepted, can do
+that_), 2534; acc. sg. ofer mîn gemet (_beyond my power_), 2880; dat. sg.
+mid gemete, 780.
+
+ge-met, adj., _well-measured, meet, good_: nom. sg. swâ him gemet þince
+(þûhte), (_as seemed meet to him_), 688, 3058. See un-gemete, adv.
+
+metan, st. v., _to measure, pass over_ or _along_: pret. pl. fealwe stræte
+mearum mæton (_measured the yellow road with their horses_), 918; so, 514,
+1634.
+
+ge-metan, the same: pret. sg. medu-stîg gemät.(_measured, walked over, the
+road to the mead-hall_), 925.
+
+metod, st. m. (the measuring, arranging) _Creator, God_: nom. sg., 110,
+707, 968, 1058, 2528; scîr metod, 980; sôð metod, 1612; acc. sg. metod,
+180; dat. sg. metode, 169, 1779; gen. sg. metodes, 671.--Comp. eald-metod.
+
+metod-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _the Creator's determination, divine purpose,
+fate_: acc. sg. -sceaft, 1078.--2) _the Creators glory_: acc. sg.
+metod-sceaft seón (i.e. die), 1181; dat. sg. tô metod-sceafte, 2816.
+
+mêce, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg., 1939; acc. sg. mêce, 2048; brâdne mêce,
+2979; gen. sg. mêces, 1766, 1813, 2615, 2940; dat. pl. instr. mêcum, 565;
+gen. pl. mêca, 2686.--Comp.: beado-, häft-, hilde-mêce.
+
+mêd, st. f., _meed, reward_: acc. sg. mêde, 2135; dat. sg. mêde, 2147; gen.
+pl. mêda, 1179.
+
+ge-mêde, st. n., _approval, permission_ (Grein): acc. pl. ge-mêdu, 247.
+
+mêðe, adj., _tired, exhausted, dejected_: in comp. hyge-, sæ-mêðe.
+
+mêtan, w. v., _to meet, find, fall in with_: with acc., pret. pl. syððan
+Äscheres ... hafelan mêtton, 1422; subj. pret. sg. þät he ne mêtte ... on
+elran man mundgripe mâran (_that he never met, in any other man, with a
+mightier hand-grip_), 752.
+
+ge-mêtan, with acc., the same: pret. sg. gemêtte, 758, 2786; pl. näs þâ
+long tô þon, þät þâ aglæcean hy eft gemêtton (_it was not long after that
+the warriors again met each other_), 2593.
+
+ge-mêting, st. f., _meeting, hostile coming together_: nom. sg., 2002.
+
+meagol, adj., _mighty, immense; formal, solemn_: instr. pl. meaglum wordum,
+1981.
+
+mearc, st. f., _frontier, limit, end_: dat. sg. tô mearce (_the end of
+life_), 2385.--Comp. Weder-mearc, 298.
+
+ge-mearc, st. n., _measure, distance_: comp. fôt-, mîl-ge-mearc.
+
+mearcian, w. v., _to mark, stain_: pres. ind. sg. mearcað môrhopu (_will
+stain, mark, the moor with the blood of the corpse_), 450.
+
+ge-mearcian, the same: pret. part. (Cain) morðre gemearcod (_murder-marked_
+[cf. 1 Book Mos. IV. 15]), 1265; swâ wäs on þæm scennum ... gemearcod ...
+hwâm þät sweord geworht wære (_engraved for whom the sword had been
+wrought_), 1696.
+
+mearc-stapa, w. m., _march-strider, frontier-haunter_ (applied to Grendel
+and his mother): nom. sg., 103; acc. pl. mearc-stapan, 1349.
+
+mearh, st. m., _horse, steed_: nom. pl. mearas, 2164; acc. pl. mearas, 866,
+1036; dat. pl. inst. mearum, 856, 918; mearum and mâðmum, 1049, 1899; gen.
+pl. meara and mâðma, 2167.
+
+mearn. See murnan.
+
+meodu. See medu.
+
+meoto. See met.
+
+meotud. See metod.
+
+meowle, w. f., _maiden_: comp. geó-meowle.
+
+micel, adj., _great, huge, long_ (of time): nom. sg. m., 129, 502; fem.,
+67, 146, 170; neut., 772; acc. sg. m. micelne, 3099; fem, micle, 1779,
+3092; neut. micel, 270, 1168. The comp. mâre must be supplied before þone
+in: medo-ärn micel ... (mâre) þone yldo beam æfre ge-frunon, 69; instr. sg.
+ge-trume micle, 923; micle (_by much, much_); micle leófre (_far dearer_),
+2652; efne swâ micle (lässa), (_[less] even by so much_), 1284; oftor micle
+(_much oftener_), 1580; dat. sg, weak form miclan, 2850; gen. sg. miclan,
+979. The gen. sg. micles is an adv. = _much, very_: micles wyrðne gedôn
+(_deem worthy of much_, i.e. honor very highly), 2186; tô fela micles (_far
+too much, many_), 695; acc. pl. micle, 1349. Compar., see mâra.
+
+mid, I. prep. w. dat., instr., and acc., signifying preëminently _union,
+community, with_, hence: 1) w. dat.: a) _with, in company, community,
+with_; mid Finne, 1129; mid Hrôðgâre, 1593; mid scip-herge, 243; mid
+gesîðum (_with his comrades_), 1314; so, 1318, 1964, 2950, etc.; mid his
+freó-drihtne, 2628; mid þæm lâcum (_with the gifts_), 1869; so, 2789, 125;
+mid hæle (_with good luck!_), 1218; mid bæle fôr (_sped off amid fire_),
+2309. The prep. postponed: him mid (_with him, in his company_), 41; _with
+him_, 1626; ne wäs him Fitela mid (_was not with him_), 890. b) _with,
+among_: mid Geátum (_among the Geátas_), 195, 2193, 2624; mid Scyldingum,
+274; mid Eotenum, 903; mid yldum (eldum), 77, 2612; mid him (_with, among,
+one another_), 2949. In temporal sense: mid ær-däge (_at dawn_), 126.--2)
+_with, with the help of, through_, w. dat.: mid âr-stafum (_through his
+grace_), 317; so, 2379; mid grâpe (_with the fist_), 438; so, 1462, 2721;
+mid his hete-þoncum (_through his hatred_), 475; mid sweorde, 574; so,
+1660, 2877; mid gemete (_through, by, his power_), 780; so, 1220, 2536,
+2918; mid gôde (_with benefits_), 1185; mid hearme (_with harm, insult_),
+1893; mid þære sorge (_with [through?] this sorrow_), 2469; mid rihte (_by
+rights_), 2057. With instr.: mid þý wîfe (_through [marriage with] the
+woman_), 2029.--3) w. acc., _with, in community, company, with_: mid his
+eorla gedriht, 357; so, 634, 663, 1673; mid hine, 880; mid mînne
+gold-gyfan, 2653.
+
+II. adv., mid, _thereamong, in the company_, 1643; _at the same time,
+likewise_, 1650.
+
+middan-geard, st. m., _globe, earth_: acc. sg., 75, 1772; dat. sg. on
+middan-gearde, 2997; gen. sg. middan-geardes, 504, 752.
+
+midde, w. f., _middle = medius_: dat. sg. on middan (_through the middle,
+in two_), 2706; gen. sg. (adv.) tô-middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+middel-niht, st. f., _midnight_: dat. pl. middel-nihtum, 2783, 2834.
+
+miht, st. f., _might, power, authority_: acc. sg. þurh drihtnes miht
+(_through the Lord's help, power_), 941; instr. pl. selfes mihtum, 701.
+
+mihtig, adj.: 1) _physically strong, powerful_: acc. sg. mihtig mere-deór,
+558; mere-wîf mihtig, 1520.--2) _possessing authority, mighty_: nom. sg.
+mihtig god, 702, 1717, 1726; dat. sg. mihtigan drihtne, 1399.--Comp.: äl-,
+fore-mihtig.
+
+milde, adj., _kind, gracious, generous_: nom. sg. môdes milde
+(_kind-hearted_), 1230; instr. pl. mildum wordum (_graciously_), 1173.
+Superl. nom. sg. worold-cyning mannum mildust (_a king most liberal to
+men_), 3183.
+
+milts, st. f., _kindness, benevolence_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+missan, w. v. with gen., _to miss, err in_: pret. sg. miste mercelses
+(_missed the mark_), 2440.
+
+missere, st. n., _space of a semester, half a year_: gen. pl. hund missera
+(_fifty winters_), 2734, 2210; generally, _a long period of time, season_,
+1499, 1770; fela missera, 153, 2621.
+
+mist-hlið, st. n., _misty cliff, cloud-capped slope_: dat. pl. under
+mist-hleoðum, 711.
+
+mistig, adj., _misty_: acc. pl. mistige môras, 162.
+
+mîl-gemearc, st. n., _measure by miles_: gen. sg. mîl-gemearces, 1363.
+
+mîn: 1) poss. pron., _my, mine_, 255, 345, etc.; Hygelâc mîn (_my lord_, or
+_king, H._), 2435.--2) gen. sg. of pers. pron. ic, _of me_, 2085, 2534,
+etc.
+
+molde, w. f., _dust; earth, field_: in comp. gräs-molde.
+
+mon. See man.
+
+ge-mong. See ge-mang.
+
+morð-bealu, st. n., _murder, deadly hale_ or _deed of murder_: gen. pl.
+morð-beala, 136.
+
+morðor, st. n., _deed of violence, murder_: dat. instr. sg. morðre, 893,
+1265, 2783; gen. sg. morðres, 2056; morðres scyldig (_guilty of murder_),
+1684.
+
+morðor-bed, st. n., _bed of death, murder-bed_: acc. sg. wäs þam yldestan
+... morðor-bed strêd (_a bed of death was spread for the eldest_, i.e.
+through murder his death-bed was prepared), 2437.
+
+morðor-bealu, st. n., _death-bale, destruction by murder_: acc. sg.
+morðor-bealo, 1080, 2743.
+
+morðor-hete, st. m., _murderous hate_: gen. sg. þäs morðor-hetes, 1106.
+
+morgen, morn, mergen, st. m., _morning, forenoon_; also _morrow_: nom. sg.
+morgen, 1785, 2125; (_morrow_), 2104; acc. sg. on morgen (_in the
+morning_), 838; dat. sg. on morgne, 2485; on mergenne, 565, 2940; gen. pl.
+morna gehwylce (_every morning_), 2451.
+
+morgen-ceald, adj., _morning-cold, dawn-cold_: nom. sg. gâr morgen-ceald
+(_spear chilled by the early air of morn_), 3023.
+
+morgen-lang, adj., _lasting through the morning_: acc. sg. morgen-longne
+däg (_the whole forenoon_), 2895.
+
+morgen-leóht, st. n., _morning-light_: nom. sg., 605, 918.
+
+morgen-swêg, st. m., _morning-cry, cry at morn_: nom. sg., 129.
+
+morgen-tîd, st. f., _morning-tide_: acc. sg. on morgen-tîde, 484, 818(?)
+
+morn. See morgen.
+
+môd, st. n.: 1) _heart, soul, spirit, mood, mind, manner of thinking_: nom.
+sg., 50, 731; wäfre môd (_the flicker ing spirit, the fading breath_),
+1151; acc. sg. on môd (_into his mind_), 67; dat. instr. sg. môde geþungen
+(_of mature, lofty spirit_), 625; on môde (_in heart, mind_), 754, 1845,
+2282? 2528; on hreóum môde (_fierce of spirit_), 2582; gen. sg. modes, 171,
+811, 1707; modes blîðe (_gracious-minded, kindly disposed_), 436; so, môdes
+milde, 1230; môdes seóce (_depressed in mind_), 1604.--2) _boldness,
+courage_: nom. and acc. sg., 1058, 1168. 3) _passion, fierceness_: nom.
+sg., 549.--Comp. form adj.: galg-, geômor-, gläd-, gûð-, hreóh-, irre-,
+sârig-, stîð-, swîð-, wêrig-môd.
+
+môd-cearu, st. f., _grief of heart_: acc. sg. môd-ceare, 1993, 3150.
+
+môd-gehygd, st. f ., _thought of the heart; mind_: instr. pl. môd-gehygdum,
+233
+
+môd-ge-þanc, st. n., _mood-thought, meditation_: acc. sg. môd-ge-þonc,
+1730.
+
+môd-giômor, adj., _grieved at heart, dejected_: nom. sg., 2895.
+
+môdig, adj., _courageous_: nom. sg., 605, 1644, 1813, 2758; he þäs (þäm,
+MS.) môdig wäs (_had the courage for it_), 1509; se môdega, 814; dat. sg.
+mid þam môdigan, 3012; gen. sg. môdges, 502; môdiges, 2699; Geáta leód
+georne trûwode môdgan mägnes (_trusted firmly in his bold strength_), 671;
+nom. pl. môdge, 856; môdige, 1877; gen. pl. môdigra, 312, 1889.--Comp,
+fela-môdig.
+
+môdig-lîc, adj., _of bold appearance_: compar. acc. pl. môdiglîcran, 337.
+
+môd-lufe, w. f., _hearts affection, love_: gen. sg. þînre môd-lufan, 1824.
+
+môd-sefa, w. m., _thought of the heart; brave, bold temper; courage_: nom.
+sg., 349, 1854, 2629; acc. sg. môd-sefan, 2013; dat. sg. môd-sefan, 180.
+
+môd-þracu, st. f., _boldness, courage, strength of mind_: dat. sg. for his
+môd-þräce, 385.
+
+môdor, f., _mother_: nom. sg., 1259, 1277, 1283, 1684, 2119; acc. sg.
+môdor, 1539, 2140, 2933.
+
+môna, w. m., _moon_: gen. sg. mônan, 94.
+
+môr, st. m., _moor, morass, swamp_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan môr, 1406; dat.
+sg. of môre, 711; acc. pl. môras, 103, 162, 1349.
+
+môr-hop, st. n., _place of refuge in the moor, hiding-place in the swamp_:
+acc. pl. môr-hopu, 450.
+
+ge-môt, st. n., _meeting_: in comp. hand-, torn-ge-môt.
+
+môtan, pret.-pres. v.: 1) _power_ or _permission to have something, to be
+permitted; may, can_: pres. sg. I., III. môt, 186, 442, 604; II. môst,
+1672; pl. môton, 347, 365, 395; pres. subj. ic môte, 431; III. se þe môte,
+1388; pret sg. môste, 168, 707, 736, 895, 1488, 1999, 2242, 2505, etc.; pl.
+môston, 1629, 1876, 2039, 2125, 2248; pres. subj. sg. II. þät þu hine
+selfne geseón môste (_mightest see_), 962.--2) _shall, must, be obliged_:
+pres. sg. môt, 2887; pret. sg. môste, 1940; þær he þý fyrste forman dôgore
+wealdan môste, swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf, hrêð ät hilde (_if he must for the
+first time that day be victorious, as Fate had denied him victory_, cf.
+2681, 2683 seqq.), 2575.
+
+ge-munan, pret.-pres. v., _to have in mind, be mindful; remember, think
+of_, w. acc.: pres. sg. hine gearwe geman witena wel-hwylc (_each of the
+knowing ones still remembers him well_), 265; ic þe þäs leán geman (_I
+shall not forget thy reward for this_), 1221; ic þät eall gemon (_I
+remember all that_), 2428; so, 1702, 2043; gif he þät eall gemon hwät ...
+(_if he is mindful of all that which_ ...), 1186; ic þät mæl gemon hwær...
+(_I remember the time when_...), 2634; pret. sg. w. gemunde... æfen-spræce
+(_recalled his evening speech_), 759; so, 871, 1130, 1260, 1271, 1291,
+2115, 2432, 2607, 2679; se þäs leód-hryres leán ge-munde (_was mindful of
+reward for the fall of the ruler_), 2392; þät he Eotena bearn inne gemunde
+(_that he in this should remember, take vengeance on, the children of the
+Eotens_), 1142; so, hond gemunde fæhðo genôge (_his hand remembered strife
+enough_), 2490; ne ge-munde mago Ecglâfes þät ... (_remembered not that
+which_ ...), 1466; pret. pl. helle gemundon in môd-sefan (_their thoughts_
+[as heathens] _fixed themselves on, remembered, hell_), 179.
+
+on-munan, w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to admonish, exhort_: pret. sg.
+onmunde ûsic mærða (_exhorted us to deeds of glory_), 2641.
+
+mund, st. f., _hand_: instr. pl. mundum, mid mundum, 236, 514, 1462, 3023,
+3092.
+
+mund-bora, w. m., _protector, guardian, preserver_: nom. sg., 1481, 2780.
+
+mund-gripe, st. m., _hand-grip, seizure_: acc. sg. mund-gripe, 754; dat.
+sg. mund-gripe, 380, 1535; äfter mund-gripe (_after having seized the
+criminal_), 1939.
+
+murnan, st. v., _to shrink from, be afraid of, avoid_: pret. sg. nô mearn
+fore fæhðe and fyrene, 136; so, 1538; nalles for ealdre mearn (_was not
+apprehensive for his life_), 1443.--2) _to mourn, grieve_: pres. part. him
+wäs ... murnende môd, 50; pres. subj., þonne he fela murne (_than that he
+should mourn much_), 1386.
+
+be-murnan, be-meornan, with acc., _to mourn over_: pret. be-mearn, 908,
+1078.
+
+murn-lîce. See un-murn-lîce.
+
+mûð-bana, w. m., _mouth-destroyer_: dat. sg. tô mûð-bonan (of Grendel
+because he bit his victim to death), 2080.
+
+mûða, w. m., _mouth, entrance_: acc. sg. recedes mûðan (_mouth of the
+house, door_), 725.
+
+ge-mynd, st. f., _memory, memorial, remembrance_: dat. pl. tô gemyndum,
+2805, 3017. See weorð-mynd.
+
+myhdgian, w. v., _to call to mind, remember_: pres. sg. myndgað, 2058;
+pres. part. w. gen. gif þonne Fresna hwylc ... þäs morðor-hetes myndgiend
+wære (_were to call to mind the bloody feud_), 1106.
+
+ge-myndgian, w. v. w. acc., _to remember_: bið gemyndgad ... eaforan
+ellor-sîð (_is reminded of his son's decease_), 2451.
+
+ge-myndig, adj., _mindful_: nom. sg. w. gen., 614, 869, 1174, 1531, 2083,
+etc.
+
+myne, st. m.: 1) _mind, wish_: nom. sg., 2573.--2) _love_(?): ne his myne
+wisse (_whose_ [God's] _love he knew not_), 169.
+
+ge-mynian, w. v. w. acc., _to be mindful of_: imper. sg. gemyne mærðo! 660.
+
+myntan, w. v., _to intend, think of, resolve_: pret. sg. mynte ... manna
+cynnes sumne besyrwan (_meant to entrap all_(?) [see sum], _some one of
+(?), the men_), 713; mynte þät he gedælde ... (_thought to sever_), 732;
+mynte se mæra, þær he meahte swâ, wîdre gewindan (_intended to flee_), 763.
+
+myrce, adj., _murky, dark_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan môr, 1406.
+
+myrð, st. f., _joy, mirth_: dat. (instr.) sg. môdes myrðe, 8n.
+
+
+N
+
+naca, w. m., _vessel, ship_: acc. sg. nacan, 295; gen. sg. nacan,
+214.--Comp.: hring-, ýð-naca.
+
+nacod, adj., _naked_: nom. and acc. sg. swurd, gûð-bill nacod, 539, 2586;
+nacod nîð-draca, 2274.
+
+nalas, nales, nallas. See nealles.
+
+nama, w. m., _name_: nom. sg. Beówulf is mîn nama, 343; wäs þäm häft-mêce
+Hrunting nama, 1458; acc. sg. scôp him Heort naman (_gave it the name
+Hart_), 78.
+
+nâ (from ne-â), strength, negative, _never, not all_, 445, 567, 1537.
+
+nâh, from ne-âh. See âgan.
+
+nân (from ne-ân), indef. pron., _none, no_: with gen. pl. gûð-billa nân,
+804; adjectively, nân ... îren ærgôd, 990.
+
+nât, from ne-wât: _I know not=nescio_. See witan.
+
+nât-hwylc (nescio quis, ne-wât-hwylc, _know not who, which_, etc.), indef.
+pron., _any, a certain one, some or other_: 1) w. partitive gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena nât-hwylc, 2234;. gen. sg. nât-hwylces (þâra banena), 2054; niða
+nât-hwylces(?), 2216; nât-hwylces häleða bearna, 2225.--2) adjectively:
+dat. sg. in nið-sele nât-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+näbben, from ne-häbben (subj. pres.). See habban.
+
+näfne. See nefne.
+
+nägel, st. m., _nail_: gen. pl. nägla (of the finger-nails), 986.
+
+nägled, part., _nailed?, nail-like?, buckled?_: acc. sg. neut. nägled (MS.
+gled) sinc, 2024.
+
+näs, st. m., _naze, rock projecting into the sea, cliff, promontory_: acc.
+sg. näs, 1440, 1601, 2899; dat. sg. nässe, 2244, 2418; acc. pl. windige
+nässas, 1412; gen. pl. nässa, 1361.
+
+näs, from ne-wäs (_was not_). See wesan.
+
+näs, neg. adv., _not, not at all_, 562, 2263.
+
+näs-hlið, st. n., _declivity, slope of a promontory that sinks downward to
+the sea_: dat. pl. on näs-hleoðum, 1428.
+
+næfre, adv., _never_, 247, 583, 592, 656, 719, 1042, 1049, etc.; also
+strengthened by ne: næfre ne, 1461.
+
+ge-nægan, w. v. w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to attack, press_; pret.
+pl. nîða genægdan nefan Hererîces (_in combats pressed hard upon H.'s
+nephew_), 2207; pret. part. wearð ... nîða genæged, 1440.
+
+nænig (from ne-ænig), pron., _not any, none, no_: 1) substantively w. gen.
+pl.: nom. sg., 157, 242, 692; dat. sg. nænegum, 599; gen. pl. nænigra,
+950.--2) adjectively: nom. sg. ôðer nænig, 860; nænig wäter, 1515; nænig
+... deór, 1934; acc. sg. nænigne ... hord-mâððum, 1199.
+
+nære, from ne-wære (_were not, would not be_). See wesan.
+
+ne, simple neg., _not_, 38, 50, 80, 83, 109, etc.; before imper. ne sorga!
+1385; ne gým! 1761, etc. Doubled =_certainly not, not even that_: ne ge ...
+gearwe ne wisson (_ye certainly have not known_, etc.), 245; so, 863; ne ic
+... wihte ne wêne (_nor do I at all in the least expect_), 2923; so, 182.
+Strengthened by other neg.: nôðer ... ne, 2125; swâ he ne mihte nô ... (_so
+that he absolutely could not_), 1509.
+
+ne ... ne, _not ... and not, nor; neither ... nor_, 154-157, 511,
+1083-1085, etc. Another neg. may supply the place of the first ne: so, nô
+... ne, 575-577, 1026-1028, 1393-1395, etc.; næfre ... ne, 583-584; nalles
+... ne, 3016-3017. The neg. may be omitted the first time: ær ne siððan
+(_neither before nor after, before nor since_), 719; sûð ne norð (_south
+nor north_), 859; âdl ne yldo (_neither illness nor old age_), 1737; wordum
+ne worcum (_neither by word nor deed_), 1101; wiston and ne wêndon (_knew
+not and weened not_), 1605.
+
+nefa, w. m., _nephew, grandson_: nom. sg. nefa (_grandson_), 1204; so,
+1963; (_nephew_), 2171; acc. sg. nefan (_nephew_), 2207; dat. sg. nefan
+(_nephew_), 882.
+
+nefne, näfne, nemne (orig. from ne-gif-ne): 1) subj.: a) with depend.
+clause = _unless_: nefne him witig god wyrd forstôde (_if fate, the wise
+God, had not prevented him_), 1057; nefne god sylfa ... sealde (_unless God
+himself_, etc.), 3055; näfne him his wlite leóge (MS. næfre) (_unless his
+face belie him_), 250; näfne he wäs mâra (_except that he was huger_),
+1354; nemne him heaðo-byrne helpe ge-fremede, 1553; so, 2655.--b) w.
+follow. substantive = _except, save, only_: nefne sin-freá (_except the
+husband_), 1935; ic lyt hafo heáfod-mâga nefne Hygelâc þec (_have no near
+kin but thee_), 2152; nis þät eówer (gen. pl.) sîð ... nefne mîn ânes,
+2534.--2) Prep. with dat., _except_: nemne feáum ânum, 1082.
+
+ge-nehost. See ge-neahhe.
+
+nelle, from ne-wille (_I will not_). See willan.
+
+nemnan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to name, call_: pres. pl. þone yldestan
+oret-mecgas Beówulf nemnað (_the warriors call the most distinguished one
+Beówulf_), 364; so inf. nemnan, 2024; pret. pl. nemdon, 1355.--2) _to
+address_, as in
+
+be-nemnan, _to pronounce solemnly, put under a spell_: pret. sg. Fin
+Hengeste ... âðum be-nemde þät (_asserted, promised under oath that_ ...),
+1098; pret. pl. swâ hit ôð dômes däg diópe benemdon þeódnas mære (_put
+under a curse_), 3070.
+
+nemne. See nefne.
+
+nerian, ge-nerian, w. v., _to save, rescue, liberate_: pres. sg. Wyrd oft
+nereð unfægne eorl, 573; pret. part. häfde ... sele Hrôðgâres ge-nered wið
+nîðe (_saved from hostility_), 828.
+
+ge-nesan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to remain over, be preserved_: pret. sg.
+hrôf âna genäs ealles ansund (_the roof alone was quite sound_), 1000.--2)
+w. acc., _to endure successfully, survive, escape from_: pret. sg. se þâ
+säcce ge-näs, 1978; fela ic ... gûð-ræsa ge-näs, 2427; pret. part. swâ he
+nîða gehwane genesen häfde, 2398.
+
+net, st. n., _net_: in comp. breóst-, here-, hring-, inwit-, searo-net.
+
+nêdla, w. m., _dire necessity, distress_: in comp. þreá-nêdla.
+
+nêðan (G. nanþjan), w. v., _to venture, undertake boldly_: pres. part.
+nearo nêðende (_encountering peril_), 2351; pret. pl. þær git ... on deóp
+water aldrum nêðdon (_where ye two risked your lives in the deep water_),
+510; so, 538.
+
+ge-nêðan, the same: inf. ne dorste under ýða gewin aldre ge-nêðan, 1470.
+With depend. clause: nænig þät dorste genêðan þät (_none durst undertake
+to_ ...), 1934; pret. sg. he under hârne stân âna genêðde frêcne dæde (_he
+risked alone the bold deed, venturing under the grey rock_), 889; (ic) wîge
+under wätere weorc genêðde earfoð-lîce (_I with difficulty stood the work
+under the water in battle_, i.e. could hardly win the victory), 1657; ic
+genêðde fela gûða (_ventured on, risked, many contests_), 2512; pres. pl.
+(of majesty) we ... frêcne genêðdon eafoð uncûðes (_we have boldly risked,
+dared, the monster's power_), 961.
+
+nêh. See neáh.
+
+ge-neahhe, adv., _enough, sufficiently_, 784, 3153; superl. genehost brägd
+eorl Beówulfes ealde lâfe (_many an earl of B.'s_), 795.
+
+nealles (from ne-ealles), adv., _omnino non, not at all, by no means_:
+nealles, 2146, 2168, 2180, 2223, 2597, etc.; nallas, 1720, 1750; nalles,
+338, 1019, 1077, 1443, 2504, etc.; nalas, 43, 1494, 1530, 1538; nales,
+1812.
+
+nearo, st. n., _strait, danger, distress_: acc. sg. nearo, 2351, 2595.
+
+nearo, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. f. nearwe, 1410.
+
+nearwe, adv., _narrowly_, 977.
+
+nearo-cräft, st. m., _art of rendering difficult of access?,
+inaccessibility_ (see 2214 seqq.): instr. pl. nearo-cräftum, 2244.
+
+nearo-fâh, m., _foe that causes distress, war-foe_: gen. sg. nearo-fâges,
+2318.
+
+nearo-þearf, st. f., _dire need, distress_: acc. sg. nearo-þearfe, 422.
+
+ge-nearwian, w. v., _to drive into a corner, press upon_: pret. part.
+genearwod, 1439.
+
+neáh, nêh: 1) adj., _near, nigh_: nom. sg. neáh, 1744, 2729. In superl.
+also = _last_: instr. sg. nýhstan sîðe (_for the last time_), 1204;
+niéhstan sîðe, 2512.
+
+2) adv., _near_: feor and (oððe) neáh, 1222, 2871; 3) prep, sæ-grunde neáh,
+564; so, 1925, 2243; holm-wylme nêh, 2412. Compar. neár, 746.
+
+neán, adv., _near by, (from) close at hand_, 528; (neon, MS.), 3105;
+feorran and neán, 840; neán and feorran, 1175, 2318.
+
+ge-neát, st. m., _comrade, companion_: in comp. beód-, heorð-geneát.
+
+nioðor. See niðer.
+
+neowol, adj., _steep, precipitous_: acc. pl. neowle, 1412.
+
+neód, st. f., _polite intercourse regulated by etiquette?, hall-joy?_: acc.
+sg. nióde, 2117; inst. (= _joy_), 2216.
+
+neód-laðu, st. f., _polite invitation; wish_: dat. sg. äfter neód-laðu
+(_according to his wishes_), 1321.
+
+neósan, neósian, w. v. w. gen., _to seek out, look for; to attack_: inf.
+neósan, 125, 1787, 1792, 1807, 2075; niósan, 2389, 2672; neósian, 115,
+1126; niósian, 3046; pret. sg. niósade, 2487.
+
+neótan, st. v., _to take, accept_, w. gen.; _to use, enjoy_: imper. sg.
+neót, 1218.
+
+be-neótan, w. dat., _to rob, deprive of_: inf. hine aldre be-neótan, 681;
+pret. sg. cyning ealdre bi-neát (_deprived the king of life_), 2397.
+
+nicor, st. m., _sea-horse, walrus, sea-monster_ (cf. Bugge in Zacher's
+Journal, 4, 197): acc. pl. niceras, 422, 575; nicras, 1428; gen. pl.
+nicera, 846.
+
+nicor-hûs, st. n., _house_ or _den of sea-monsters_: gen. pl. nicor-hûsa,
+1412.
+
+nið st. m., _man, human being_: gen. pl. niðða, 1006; niða? (passage
+corrupt), 2216.
+
+niðer, nyðer, neoðor, adv., _down, downward_: niðer, 1361; nioðor, 2700;
+nyðer, 3045.
+
+nið-sele, st. m., _hall, room, in the deep_ (Grein): dat. sg. [in] nið-sele
+nât-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+nigen, num., _nine_: acc. nigene, 575.
+
+niht, st. f. _night_: nom. sg., 115, 547. 650, 1321, 2117; acc. sg. niht,
+135, 737, 2939; gystran niht (_yester-night_), 1335; dat. sg. on niht, 575,
+684; on wanre niht, 703; gen. sg. nihtes hwîlum (_sometimes at night, in
+the hours of the night_), 3045; as adv. = _of a night, by night_, G.
+nachts, 422, 2274; däges and nihtes, 2270; acc. pl. seofon niht
+(_se'nnight, seven days_, cf. Tac. Germ, 11), 517; dat. pl. sweartum
+nihtum, 167; deorcum nihtum, 275, 221; gen. pl. nihta, 545, 1366.--Comp.:
+middel-, sin-niht.
+
+niht-bealu, st. n., _night-bale, destruction by night_: gen. pl.
+niht-bealwa, 193.
+
+niht-helm, st. m., _veil_ or _canopy of night_: nom. sg., 1790.
+
+niht-long, adj., _lasting through the night_: acc. sg. m. niht-longne fyrst
+(_space of a night_), 528.
+
+niht-weorc, st. n., _night-work, deed done at night_: instr. sg.
+niht-weorce, 828.
+
+niman, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to take, hold, seize, undertake_: pret. sg. nam
+þâ mid handa hige-þihtigne rinc, 747; pret. pl. we . . . nióde nâman,
+2117.--2) _to take, take away, deprive of_: pres. sg. se þe hine deáð nimeð
+(_he whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 447; nymeð, 1847; nymeð nýd-bâde,
+599; subj. pres. gif mec hild nime, 452, 1482; pret. sg. ind. nam on
+Ongenþió îren-byrnan, 2987; ne nom he ... mâðm-æhta mâ (_he took no more of
+the rich treasures_), 1613; pret. part. þâ wäs ... seó cwên numen (_the
+queen carried off_), 1154.
+
+be-niman, _to deprive of_: pret. sg. ôð þät hine yldo benam mägenes wynnum
+(_till age bereft him of joy in his strength_), 1887.
+
+for-niman, _to carry off_: pres. sg. þe þâ deáð for-nam (_whom death
+carried off_), 488; so, 557, 696, 1081, 1124, 1206, 1437, etc. Also, dat.
+for acc.: pret. pl. him îrenna ecge fornâmon, 2829.
+
+ge-niman: 1) _to take, seize_: pret. sg. (hine) be healse ge-nam (_clasped
+him around the neck, embraced him_), 1873.--2) _to take, take away_: pret.
+on reste genam þritig þegna, 122; heó under heolfre genam cûðe folme, 1303;
+segn eác genom, 2777; þâ mec sinca baldor ... ät mînum fäder genam (_took
+me at my father's hands, adopted me_), 2430; pret. part. genumen, 3167.
+
+ge-nip, st. n., _darkness, mist, cloud_: acc. pl. under nässa genipu, 1361;
+ofer flôda genipu, 2809.
+
+nis, from ne-is (_is not_): see wesan.
+
+niwe, niówe, adj., _new, novel; unheard-of_: nom. sg. swêg up â-stâg niwe
+geneahhe (_a monstrous hubbub arose_), 784; beorh ... niwe (_a
+newly-raised(?) grave-mound_), 2244; acc. sg. niwe sibbe (_the new
+kinship_), 950; instr. sg. niwan stefne (properly, novâ voce; here = de
+novo, iterum, _again_), 2595; niówan stefne (_again_), 1790; gen. pl. niwra
+spella (_new tidings_), 2899.
+
+ge-niwian, w. v., _to renew_: pret. part. ge-niwod, 1304, 1323; geniwad,
+2288.
+
+niw-tyrwed, pret. part., _newly-tarred_: acc. sg. niw-tyrwedne (-tyrwydne,
+MS.) nacan, 295.
+
+nîð, st. m., properly only _zeal, endeavor_; then _hostile endeavor,
+hostility, battle, war_: nom. sg., 2318; acc. sg. nîð, 184, 276; Wedera nîð
+(_enmity against the W., the sorrows of the Weders_), 423; dat. sg. wið
+(ät) nîðe, 828, 2586; instr. nîðe, 2681; gen. pl. nîða, 883, 2351, 2398,
+etc.; also instr. = _by, in, battle_, 846, 1440, 1963, 2171, 2207.--Comp.:
+bealo-, fær-, here-, hete-, inwit-, searo-, wäl-nîð.
+
+nîð-draca, w. m., _battle-dragon_: nom. sg., 2274.
+
+nîð-gast, st. m., _hostile alien, fell demon_: acc. sg. þone nîð-gäst (_the
+dragon_), 2700.
+
+nîð-geweorc, st. n., _work of enmity, deed of evil_: gen. pl. -geweorca,
+684.
+
+nîð-grim, adj., _furious in battle, savage_: nom. sg., 193.
+
+nîð-heard, adj., _valiant in war_: nom. sg., 2418.
+
+nîð-hydig, adj., _eager for battle, valorous_: nom. pl. nîð-hydige men,
+3167.
+
+ge-nîðla, w. m., _foe, persecutor, waylayer_: in comp. ferhð-,
+feorh-genîðla.
+
+nîð-wundor, st. n., _hostile wonder, strange marvel of evil_: acc. sg.,
+1366.
+
+nîpan, st. v., _to veil, cover over, obscure_; pres. part. nîpende niht,
+547, 650.
+
+nolde, from ne-wolde (_would not_); see willan.
+
+norð, adv., _northward_, 859.
+
+norðan, adv., _from the north_, 547.
+
+nose, w. f., _projection, cliff, cape_: dat. sg. of hliðes nosan, 1893; ät
+brimes nosan, 2804.
+
+nô (strengthened neg.), _not, not at all, by no means_, 136, 244, 587, 755,
+842, 969, 1736, etc.; strengthened by following ne, 459(?), 1509; nô ... nô
+(_neither ... nor_), 541-543; so, nô ... ne, 168. See ne.
+
+nôðer (from nâ-hwäðer), neg., _and not, nor_, 2125.
+
+ge-nôh, adj., _sufficient, enough_: acc. sg. fæhðo genôge, 2490; acc. pl.
+genôge ... beágas, 3105.
+
+nôn, st. f., [Eng. _noon_], ninth hour of the day, three o'clock in the
+afternoon of our reckoning_ (the day was reckoned from six o'clock in the
+morning; cf. Bouterwek Screádunga, 24 _2_: we hâtað ænne däg fram sunnan
+upgange ôð æfen): nom. sg. nôn, 1601.
+
+nu, adv.: l) _now, at present_, 251, 254, 375, 395, 424, 426, 489, etc.: nu
+gyt (_up to now, hitherto_), 957; nu gen (_now still, yet_), 2860; (_now
+yet, still_), 3169.--2) conj., _since, inasmuch as_: nu þu lungre geong ...
+nu se wyrm ligeð (_go now quickly, since the dragon lieth dead_), 2746; so,
+2248; þät þu me ne forwyrne ... nu ic þus feorran com (_that do not thou
+refuse me, since I am come so far_), 430; so, 1476; nu ic on mâðma hord
+mîne bebohte frôde feorh-lege, fremmað ge nu (_as I now..., so do ye_),
+2800; so, 3021.
+
+nymðe, conj. w. subj., _if not, unless_, 782; nymðe mec god scylde (_if God
+had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+nyt, st. f., _duty, service, office, employment_: acc. sg. þegn nytte
+beheóld (_did his duty_), 494; so, 3119.--Comp.: sund-, sundor-nyt.
+
+nyt, adj., _useful_: acc. pl. m. nytte, 795; comp. un-nyt.
+
+ge-nyttian, w. v., _to make use of, enjoy_: pret. part. häfde eorð-scrafa
+ende ge-nyttod (_had enjoyed, made use of_), 3047.
+
+nýd, st. f., _force, necessity, need, pain_: acc. sg. þurh deáðes nýd,
+2455; instr. sg. nýde, 1006. In comp. (like nýd-maga, consanguineus, in
+Æthelred's Laws, VI. 12, Schmid, p. 228; nêd-maga, in Cnut's Laws, I. 7,
+ibid., p. 258); also, _tie of blood._--Comp. þreá-nýd.
+
+ge-nýdan, w. v.: 1) _to force, compel_: pret. part. nîðe ge-nýded (_forced
+by hostile power_), 2681.--2) _to force upon_: pret. part. acc. sg. f. nýde
+genýdde ... gearwe stôwe (_the inevitable place prepared for each_, i.e.
+the bed of death), 1006.
+
+nýd-bâd, st. f., _forced pledge, pledge demanded by force_: acc. pl.
+nýd-bâde, 599.
+
+nýd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade in need_ or _united by ties of blood_: nom.
+pl. nýd-gesteallan, 883.
+
+nýd-gripe, st. m., _compelling grip_: dat. sg. in nýd-gripe (mid-gripe,
+MS.), 977.
+
+nýd-wracu, st. f., _distressful persecution, great distress_: nom. sg.,
+193.
+
+nýhst. See neáh.
+
+
+O
+
+oððe, conj.: 1) _or; otherwise_, 283, 437, 636, 638, 694, 1492, 1765,
+etc.--2) _and_(?), _till_(?), 650, 2476, 3007.
+
+of, prep. w. dat., _from, off from_: 1) _from some point of view_: ge-seah
+of wealle (_from the wall_), 229; so, 786; of hefene scîneð (_shineth from
+heaven_), 1572; of hliðes nosan gästas grêtte (_from the cliff's
+projection_), 1893; of þam leóma stôd (_from which light streamed_), 2770;
+þær wäs mâðma fela of feorwegum ... gelæded (_from distant lands_), 37; þâ
+com of môre (_from the moor_), 711, 922.--2) _forth from, out of_: hwearf
+of earde (_wandered from his home, died_), 56; so, 265, 855, 2472; þâ ic of
+searwum com (_when I had escaped from the persecutions of the foe_), 419;
+þâ him Hrôðgâr gewât ... ût of healle (_out of the hall_), 664; so, 2558,
+2516; 1139, 2084, 2744; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of (ofer) swioðole (_black
+wood-reek ascended from the smoking fire_), 3145; (icge gold) â-häfen of
+horde (_lifted from the hoard_), 1109; lêt þâ of breóstum ... word ût faran
+(_from his breast_), 2551; dyde ... helm of hafelan (_doffed his helmet_),
+673; so, 1130; sealdon wîn of wunder-fatum (_presented wine from wondrous
+vessels_), 1163; siððan hyne Hæðcyn of horn-bogan ... flâne geswencte
+(_with an arrow shot from the horned bow_), 2438; so, 1434. Prep.
+postponed: þâ he him of dyde îsern-byrnan (_doffed his iron corselet_),
+672.
+
+ofer, prep. w. dat. and acc., _over, above_: 1) w. dat, _over_ (rest,
+locality): Wîglâf siteð ofer Biówulfe, 2908; ofer äðelinge, 1245; ofer
+eorðan, 248, 803, 2008; ofer wer-þeóde (_over the earth, among mankind_),
+900; ofer ýðum, 1908; ofer hron-râde (_over the sea_), 10; so, 304, 1287,
+1290, etc.; ofer ealowæge (_over the beer-cup, drinking_), 481.--2) w. acc.
+of motion: a) _over_ (local): ofer ýðe (_over the waves_), 46, 1910; ofer
+swan-râde (_over the swan-road, the sea_), 200; ofer wægholm, 217; ofer
+geofenes be-gang, 362; so, 239, 240, 297, 393, 464, 471, etc.; ofer bolcan
+(_over the gangway_), 231; ofer landa fela (_over many lands_), 311; so,
+1405, 1406; ofer heáhne hrôf (_along upon (under?) the high roof_), 984;
+ofer eormen-grund (_over the whole earth_), 860; ofer ealle (_over all, on
+all sides_), 2900, 650; so, 1718;--606, 900, 1706; ofer borda gebräc
+(_over, above, the crashing of shields_), 2260; ofer bord-(scild) weall,
+2981, 3119. Temporal: ofer þâ niht (_through the night, by night_), 737. b)
+w. verbs of saying, speaking, _about, of, concerning_: he ofer benne spräc,
+2725. c) _beyond, over_: ofer mîn ge-met (_beyond my power_), 2880;--hence,
+_against, contrary to_: he ofer willan gióng (_went against his will_),
+2410; ofer ealde riht (_against the ancient laws_, i.e. the ten
+commandments), 2331;--also, _without_: wîg ofer wæpen (_war sans,
+dispensing with, weapons_), 686;--temporal = _after_: ofer eald-gewin
+(_after long, ancient, suffering_), 1782.
+
+ofer-hygd, st. n., _arrogance, pride, conceit_: gen. pl. ofer-hygda, 1741;
+ofer-hyda, 1761.
+
+ofer-mâðum, st. m., _very rich treasure_: dat. pl. ofer-mâðmum, 2994.
+
+ofer-mägen, st. n., _over-might, superior numbers_: dat. sg. mid
+ofer-mägene, 2918.
+
+ofer-þearf, st. f., _dire distress, need_: dat. sg. [for ofer] þea[rfe],
+2227.
+
+oft, adv., _often_, 4, 165, 444, 572, 858, 908, 1066, 1239, etc.; oft [nô]
+seldan, 2030; oft nalles æne, 3020; so, 1248, 1888. Compar. oftor, 1580.
+Superl. oftost, 1664.
+
+om-, on-. See am-, an-.
+
+ombiht. See ambiht.
+
+oncer. See ancer.
+
+ond. See and.
+
+onsýn. See ansýn.
+
+on, prep. w. dat. and acc., signifying primarily _touching on, contact
+with_: I. local, w. dat.: a) _on, upon, in at_ (of exterior surface): on
+heáh-stede (_in the high place_), 285; on mînre êðel-tyrf (_in my native
+place_), 410; on þäm meðel-stede, 1083; so, 2004; on þam holmclife, 1422;
+so, 1428; on foldan (_on earth_), 1197; so, 1533, 2997; on þære medu-bence
+(_on the mead-bench_), 1053; beornas on blancum (_the heroes on the
+dapple-greys_), 857, etc.; on räste (_in bed_), 1299; on stapole (_at,
+near, the pillar_), 927; on wealle, 892; on wage (_on the wall_), 1663; on
+þäm wäl-stenge (_on the battle-lance_), 1639; on eaxle (_on his shoulder_),
+817, 1548; on bearme, 40; on breóstum, 552; on hafelan, 1522; on handa (_in
+his hand_), 495, 540; so, 555, 766; on him byrne scân (_on him shone the
+corselet_), 405; on ôre (_at the front_), 1042; on corðre (_at the head of,
+among, his troop_), 1154; scip on ancre (_the ship at anchor_), 303; þät he
+on heoðe ge-stôd (_until he stood in the hall_), 404; on fäder stäle (_in a
+father's place_), 1480; on ýðum (_on the waves, in the water_), 210, 421,
+534, 1438; on holme, 543; on êg-streámum, 577; on segl-râde, 1438, etc.; on
+flôde, 1367. The prep. postponed: Freslondum on, 2358.--b) _in, inside of_
+(of inside surface): secg on searwum (_a champion in armor_), 249; so, 963;
+on wîg-geatwum, 368; (reced) on þäm se rîca bâd (_in which the mighty one
+abode_), 310; on Heorote (_in Heorot_), 475, 497, 594, 1303; on beór-sele,
+492, 1095; on healle, 615, 643; so, 639, 1017, 1026, etc.; on burgum (_in
+the cities, boroughs_), 53; on helle, 101; on sefan mînum (_in my mind_),
+473; on môde, 754; so, 755, 949, 1343, 1719, etc.; on aldre (_in his
+vitals_), 1435; on middan (in medio), 2706.--c) _among, amid_: on searwum
+(_among the arms_), 1558; on gemonge (_among the troop_), 1644; on þam
+leód-scipe (_among the people_), 2198; nymðe lîges fäðm swulge on swaðule
+(_unless the embracing flame should swallow it in smoke_), 783;--_in, with,
+touched by, possessing something_: þâ wäs on sâlum sinces brytta (_then was
+the dispenser of treasure in joy_), 608; so, 644, 2015; wäs on hreón môde,
+1308; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582, 2296; heó wäs on ôfste (_she was in
+haste_), 1293; so, 1736, 1870; þâ wäs on blôde brim weallende (_there was
+the flood billowing in, with, blood_), 848; (he) wäs on sunde (_was
+a-swimming_), 1619; wäs tô fore-mihtig feónd on fêðe (_too powerful in
+speed_), 971; þær wäs swîgra secg ... on gylpspræce (_there was the
+champion more silent in his boasting speech_), 982;--_in; full of,
+representing, something_: on weres wästmum (_in man's form_), 1353.--d)
+_attaching to_, hence _proceeding from; from something_: ge-hýrde on
+Beówulfe fäst-rædne ge-þôht (_heard in, from, B. the fixed resolve_), 610;
+þät he ne mêtte ... on elran men mund-gripe mâran, 753;--hence, with verbs
+of taking: on räste genam (_took from his bed_), 122; so, 748, 2987; hit ær
+on þe gôde be-geâton (_took it before from thee_), 2249.--e) _with_: swâ
+hit lungre wearð on hyra sinc-gifan sâre ge-endod (_as it, too, soon
+painfully came to an end with the dispenser of treasure_), 2312.--f) _by_:
+mäg þonne on þäm golde ongitan Geáta dryhten (_the lord of the Geatas may
+perceive by the gold_), 1485.--g) _to_, after weorðan: þät he on fylle
+wearð (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.
+
+With acc.: a) w. verbs of moving, doing, giving, seeing, etc., _up to, on,
+upon, in_: â-lêdon þâ leófne þeóden ... on bearm scipes, 35; on stefn (on
+wang) stigon, 212, 225; þâ him mid scoldon on flôdes æht feor ge-wîtan, 42;
+se þe wið Brecan wunne on sîdne sæ (_who strovest in a swimming-match with
+B. on the broad sea_), 507, cf. 516; þät ic on holma ge-þring eorlscipe
+efnde (_that I should venture on the sea to do valiant deeds_), 2133; on
+feónda geweald sîðian, 809; þâra þe on swylc starað, 997; so, 1781; on
+lufan læteð hworfan (_lets him turn his thoughts to love?, to
+possessions?_), 1729; him on môd bearn (_came into his mind, occurred to
+him_), 67; ræsde on þone rôfan (_rushed on the powerful one_), 2691; (cwom)
+on worðig (_came into the palace_), 1973; so, 27, 242, 253, 512, 539, 580,
+677, 726, etc.; on weg (_away_), 764, 845, 1383, 1431, 2097.--b) _towards,
+on_: gôde gewyrcean ... on fäder wine (pl.), 21.--c) aim or object, _to,
+for the object, for, as, in, on_: on þearfe (_in his need, in his strait_),
+1457; so, on hyra man-dryhtnes miclan þearfe, 2850; wrâðum on andan (_as a
+terror to the foe_), 709; Hrôðgâr maðelode him on andsware (_said to him in
+reply_), 1841; betst beado-rinca wäs on bæl gearu (_on the pyre ready_),
+1110; wîg-heafolan bär freán on fultum (_for help_), 2663; wearð on bîd
+wrecen (_forced to wait_), 2963.--d) ground, reason, _according to, in
+conformity with_: rodera rædend hit on ryht gescêd (_decided it in
+accordance with right_), 1556; ne me swôr fela âða on unriht (_swore no
+oaths unjustly, falsely_), 2740; on spêd (_skilfully_), 874; nallas on gylp
+seleð fätte beágas (_giveth no gold-wrought rings as he promised_), 1750;
+on sînne selfes dôm (_boastingly, at his own will_), 2148; him eal worold
+wendeð on willan (_according to his will_), 1740.--e) w. verbs of buying,
+_for, in exchange for_: me ic on mâðma hord mîne be-bohte frôde feorh-lege
+(_for the hoard of jewels_), 2800.--f) _of, as to_: ic on Higelâce wât,
+Geáta dryhten (_I know with respect to, as to, of, H._), 1831; so, 2651;
+þät heó on ænigne eorl ge-lýfde fyrena frôfre (_that she should rely on any
+earl for help out of trouble_), 628; þâ hie ge-trûwedon on twâ healfa (_on
+both sides, mutually_), 1096; so, 2064; þät þu him ondrædan ne þearft ...
+on þâ healfe (_from, on this side_), 1676.--g) after superlatives or
+virtual superlatives = _among_: näs ... sinc-mâððum sêlra (= þät wäs
+sinc-mâðma sêlest) on sweordes hâd (_there was no better jewel in sword's
+shape_, i.e. among all swords there was none better), 2194; se wäs Hrôðgâre
+häleða leófost on ge-sîðes hâd (_dearest of men as, in the character of,
+follower_, etc.), 1298.
+
+II. Of time: a) w. dat., _in, inside of, during, at_: on fyrste (_in time,
+within the time appointed_), 76; on uhtan (_at dawn_), 126; on mergenne
+(_at morn, on the morrow_), 565, 2940; on niht, 575; on wanre niht, 703; on
+tyn dagum, 3161; so, 197, 719, 791, 1063, etc.; on geogoðe (_in youth_),
+409, 466; on geogoð-feore, 537; so, 1844; on orlege (_in, during, battle_),
+1327; hû lomp eów on lâde (_on the way_), 1988; on gange (_in going, en
+route_), 1885; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582.--b) w. acc., _towards,
+about_: on undern-mæl (_in the morning, about midday_), 1429; on
+morgen-tîd, 484, 518; on morgen, 838; on ende-stäf (_toward the end, at
+last_), 1754; oftor micle þonne on ænne sîð (_far oftener than once_),
+1580.
+
+III. With particles: him on efn (_beside, alongside of, him_), 2904; on
+innan (_inside, within_), 71, 1741, 1969, 2453, 2716; þær on innan (_in
+there_), 2090, 2215, 2245. With the relative þe often separated from its
+case: þe ic her on starie (_that I here look on, at_), 2797; þe ge þær on
+standað (_that ye there stand in_), 2867.
+
+on-cýð (cf. Dietrich in Haupt's Zeits. XI., 412), st. f., _pain,
+suffering_: nom. sg., 1421; acc. sg. or pl. on-cýððe, 831.
+
+on-drysne, adj., _frightful, terrible_: acc. sg. firen on-drysne, 1933.
+
+onettan (for anettan, from root an-, Goth. inf. anan, _to breathe, pant_),
+w. v., _to hasten_: pret. pl. onetton, 306, 1804.
+
+on-lîcnes, st. f., _likeness, form, figure_: nom. sg., 1352.
+
+on-mêdla, w. m., _pride, arrogance_: dat. sg. for on-mêdlan, 2927. Cf.
+Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 218 seqq.
+
+on-sæge, adj., _tending to fall, fatal_: nom. sg. þâ wäs Hondsció (dat.)
+hild on-sæge, 2077; Hæðcynne wearð ... gûð on-sæge, 2484.
+
+on-weald, st. m., _power, authority_: acc. sg. (him) bega ge-hwäðres ...
+onweald ge-teáh (_gave him power over, possession of, both_), 1044.
+
+open, adj., _open_: acc. sg. hord-wynne fond ... opene standan, 2272.
+
+openian, w. v., _to open_, w. acc.: inf. openian, 3057.
+
+orc (O.S. orc, Goth. aúrkei-s), st. m., _crock, vessel, can _: nom. pl.
+orcas, 3048; acc. pl. orcas, 2761.
+
+orcnê, st. m., _sea-monster_: nom. pl. orcnêas, 112.
+
+ord, st. n. _point_: nom. sg. ôð þät wordes ord breóst-hord þurh-bräc
+(_till the word-point broke through his breast-hoard, came to utterance_),
+2792; acc. sg. ord (_sword-point_), 1550; dat. instr. orde (id.), 556; on
+orde (_at the head of, in front_ [of a troop]), 2499, 3126.
+
+ord-fruma, w. m., _head lord, high prince_: nom. sg., 263.
+
+oret-mecg, st. m., _champion, warrior, military retainer_: nom. pl.
+oret-mecgas, 363, 481; acc. pl. oret-mecgas, 332.
+
+oretta, w. m., _champion, fighter, hero_: nom. sg., 1533, 2539.
+
+or-leg, st. n., _war, battle_: dat. sg. on orlege, 1327; gen. sg. or-leges,
+2408.
+
+or-leg-hwîl, st. f., _time of battle, war-time_: nom. sg. [or-leg]-hwîl,
+2003; gen. sg. orleg-hwîle, 2912; gen. pl orleg-hwîla, 2428.
+
+or-leahtre, adj., _blameless_: nom. sg 1887.
+
+or-þanc (cf. Gloss. Aldhelm. mid or-þance = argumento in Haupt XI., 436;
+orþancum = machinamentis, _ibid._ 477; or-þanc-scipe = mechanica, 479), st.
+m., _mechanical art, skill_: instr. pl. or-þoncum, 2088; smiðes or-þancum,
+406.
+
+or-wêna, adj. (weak form), _hopeless, despairing_, w. gen.: aldres or-wêna
+(_hopeless of life_), 1003, 1566.
+
+or-wearde, adj., _unguarded, without watch_ or _guard_: adv., 3128.
+
+oruð, st. n., _breath, snorting_: nom. sg., 2558; dat. oreðe, 2840.
+
+
+Ô
+
+ôð (Goth. und, O.H.G. unt, unz): 1) prep. w. acc., _to, till, up to_, only
+temporal: ôð þone ânne däg, 2400; ôð dômes däg, 3070; ô woruld-ende,
+3084.--2) ôð þät, conj. w. depend, indicative clause, _till, until_, 9, 56,
+66, 100, 145. 219, 296, 307, etc.
+
+ôðer (Goth. anþar), num.: 1) _one or other of two, a second_, = alter: nom.
+sg. subs.: se ôðer, 2062; ôðer(_one_ i.e. of my blood-relations, Hæðcyn and
+Hygelâc), 2482; ôðer ... ôðer (_the one ... the other_), 1350-1352. Adj.:
+ôðer ... mihtig mân-sceaða (_the second mighty, fell foe_, referring to
+1350), 1339; se ôðer ... häle, 1816; fem. niht ôðer, 2118; neut. ôðer geâr
+(_the next, second, year_), 1134; acc. sg. m. ôðerne, 653, 1861, 2441,
+2485; þenden reáfode rinc ôðerne(_whilst one warrior robbed the other_,
+i.e. Eofor robbed Ongenþeów), 2986; neut. ôðer swylc(_another such, an
+equal number_), 1584; instr. sg. ôðre sîðe (_for the second time, again_),
+2671, 3102; dat. sg. ôðrum, 815, 1030, 1166, 1229, 1472, 2168, 2172, etc.;
+gen. sg. m. ôðres dôgores, 219, 606; neut. ôðres, 1875.--2) _another, a
+different one_, = alius: nom. sg., subs. ôðer, 1756; ôðer nænig (_no
+other_), 860. Adj.: ænig ôðer man, 503, 534; so, 1561; ôðer in (_a
+different house_ or _room_), 1301; acc. sg. ôðer flet, 1087; gen. sg. ôðres
+... yrfe-weardes, 2452; acc. pl. ealo drincende ôðer sædan (_ale drinkers
+said other things_), 1946; acc. pl. neut. word ôðer, 871.
+
+ôfer, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. on ôfre, 1372.
+
+ôfost, st. f., _haste_: nom. sg. ôfost is sêlest tô gecýðanne (_haste is
+best to make known, best to say at once_), 256; so, 3008; dat. sg. beó þu
+on ôfeste (ôfoste) (_be in haste, hasten_), 386, 2748; on ôfste, 1293; on
+ôfoste, 2784, 3091.
+
+ôfost-lîce, adv., _in haste, speedily_, 3131.
+
+ô-hwær, adv., _anywhere_, 1738, 2871.
+
+ômig, adj., _rusty_: nom. sg., 2764; nom. pl. ômige, 3050.
+
+ôr, st. n., _beginning, origin; front_: nom. sg., 1689; acc. sg., 2408;
+dat. sg. on ôre, 1042.
+
+ô-wiht, _anything, aught_: instr. sg. ô-wihte (_in any way_), 1823, 2433.
+
+
+P
+
+pâd, st. f., _dress_; in comp. here-pâd.
+
+päð, st. m., _path, road, way_; in comp. ân-päð.
+
+plega, w. m., _play, emulous contest_; lind-plega, 1074.
+
+
+R
+
+raðe, adv., _quickly, immediately_, 725, Cf. hrâðe.
+
+rand, rond, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg, rand, 683; rond, 657, 2567, 2610;
+dat. ronde (rond, MS.), 2674; under rande, 1210; bî ronde, 2539; acc. pl.
+randas, 231; rondas, 326, 2654.--Comp.: bord-, hilde-, sîd-rand.
+
+rand-häbbend, pres. part., _shield-bearer_, i.e. _man at arms, warrior_:
+gen. pl. rond-häbbendra, 862.
+
+rand-wîga, w. m., _shield-warrior, shield-bearing warrior_: nom. sg., 1299;
+acc. sg. rand-wîgan, 1794.
+
+râd, st. f., _road, street_; in comp. hran-, segl-, swan-râd.
+
+ge-râd, adj., _clever, skilful, ready_: acc. pl. neut. ge-râde, 874.
+
+râp, st. m., _rope, bond, fetter_: in comp. wäl-râp.
+
+râsian, w. v., _to find, discover_: pret. part. þâ wäs hord râsod, 2284.
+
+räst. See rest.
+
+ræcan, w. v., _to reach, reach after_: pret. sg. ræhte ongeán feónd mid
+folme (_reached out his hand toward the foe_), 748.
+
+ge-ræcan, _to attain, strike, attack_: pret. sg. hyne ... wæpne ge-ræhte
+(_struck him with his sword_), 2966; so, 556.
+
+ræd, st. m.: 1) _advice, counsel, resolution; good counsel, help_: nom. sg.
+nu is ræd gelong eft ät þe ânum (_now is help to be found with thee
+alone_), 1377; acc. sg. ræd, 172, 278, 3081.--2) _advantage, gain, use_:
+acc. sg. þät ræd talað (_counts that a gain_), 2028; êcne ræd (_the eternal
+gain, everlasting life_), 1202; acc. pl. êce rædas, 1761.--Comp.: folc-ræd,
+and adj., ân-, fäst-ræd.
+
+rædan, st. v., _to rule; reign; to possess_: pres. part. rodera rædend
+(_the ruler of the heavens_), 1556; inf. þone þe þu mid rihte rædan
+sceoldest (_that thou shouldst possess by rights_), 2057; wolde dôm godes
+dædum rædan gumena gehwylcum (_God's doom would rule over, dispose of,
+every man in deeds_), 2859. See sele-rædend.
+
+ræd-bora, w. m. _counsellor, adviser_: nom. sg., 1326.
+
+ræden, st. f., _order, arrangement, law_: see Note on 1143; comp.
+worold-ræden(?).
+
+â-ræran, w. v.: 1) _to raise, lift up_: pret. pl. þâ wæron monige þe his
+mæg ... ricone â-rærdon (_there were many that lifted up his brother
+quickly_), 2984.--2) figuratively, _to spread, disseminate_: pret. part.
+blæd is â-ræred (_thy renown is far-spread_), 1704.
+
+ræs, st. m., _on-rush, attack, storm_: acc. sg. gûðe ræs (_the storm of
+battle, attack_), 2627; instr. pl. gûðe ræsum, 2357.--Comp.: gûð-, hand-,
+heaðo-, mägen-, wäl-ræs.
+
+(ge-)ræsan, w. v., _to rush (upon)_: pret. sg. ræsde on þone rôfan, 2691,
+2840.
+
+ræswa, w. m., _prince, ruler_: dat. sg. weoroda ræswan, 60.
+
+reccan, w. v., _to explicate, recount, narrate_: inf. frum-sceaft fira
+feorran reccan (_recount the origin of man from ancient times_), 91;
+gerund, tô lang is tô reccenne, hû ic ... (_too long to tell how I_...),
+2094; pret. sg. syllîc spell rehte (_told a wondrous tale_), 2111; so
+intrans. feorran rehte (_told of olden times_), 2107.
+
+reced, st. n., _building, house; hall_ (complete in itself): nom. sg., 412,
+771, 1800; acc. sg., 1238; dat. sg. recede, 721, 729, 1573; gen. sg.
+recedes, 326, 725, 3089; gen. pl. receda, 310.--Comp.: eorð-, heal-, horn-,
+win-reced.
+
+regn-heard, adj., _immensely strong, firm_: acc. pl. rondas regn-hearde,
+326.
+
+regnian, rênian, w. v., _to prepare, bring on_ or _about_: inf. deáð
+rên[ian] hond-gesteallan (_prepare death for his comrade_), 2169.
+
+ge-regnian, _to prepare, deck out, adorn_: pret. part. medu-benc monig ...
+golde ge-regnad, 778.
+
+regn-, rên-weard, st. m., _mighty guardian_: nom. pl. rên-weardas (of
+Beówulf and Grendel contending for the possession of the hall), 771.
+
+rest, räst, st. f.: 1) _bed, resting-place_: acc. sg. räste, 139; dat. sg.
+on räste (genam) (_from his resting-place_), 1299, 1586; tô räste (_to
+bed_), 1238. Comp.: flet-räst, sele-rest, wäl-rest.--2) _repose, rest_; in
+comp. æfen-räst.
+
+ge-reste (M.H.G. reste), f., _resting-place_: in comp. wind-gereste.
+
+restan, w. v.: 1) _to rest_: inf. restan, 1794; pret. sg. reflex. reste
+hine þâ rûm-heort, 1800.--2) _to rest, cease_: inf., 1858.
+
+rêc (O.H.G. rouh), st. m., _reek, smoke_: instr. sg. rêce, 3157.--Comp.:
+wäl-, wudu-rêc.
+
+rêcan (O.H.G. ruohjan), w. v. w. gen., _to reck, care about something, be
+anxious_: pres. sg. III. wæpna ne rêceð (_recketh not for weapons, weapons
+cannot hurt him_), 434.
+
+rêðe, adj., _wroth, furious_: nom. sg., 122, 1586; nom. pl. rêðe, 771.
+Also, of things, _wild, rough, fierce_: gen. sg. rêðes and-hâttres
+(_fierce, penetrating heat_), 2524.
+
+reáf, st. n., _booty, plunder in war; clothing, garments_ (as taken by the
+victor from the vanquished): in comp. heaðo-, wäl-reáf.
+
+reáfian, w. v., _to plunder, rob_, w. acc.: inf. hord reáfian, 2774; pret.
+sg. þenden reáfode rinc ôðerne, 2986; wäl reáfode, 3028; pret. pl. wäl
+reáfedon, 1213.
+
+be-reáfian, w. instr., _to bereave, rob of_: pret. part. since be-reáfod,
+2747; golde be-reáfod, 3019.
+
+reord, st. f., _speech, language; tone of voice_: acc. sg. on-cniów mannes
+reorde (_knew, heard, a human voice_), 2556.
+
+reordian, w. v., _to speak, talk_: inf. fela reordian _(speak much_), 3026.
+
+ge-reordian, _to entertain, to prepare for_: pret. part. þâ wäs eft swâ ær
+... flet-sittendum fägere ge-reorded (_again, as before, the guests were
+hospitably entertained_), 1789
+
+reót, st. m.?, f.?, _noise, tumult_? (_grave_?): instr. sg. reóte, 2458.
+Bugge, in Zachers Zeits. 4, 215, takes reóte as dat. from reót (_rest,
+repose_).
+
+reóc, adj., _savage, furious_: nom. sg., 122.
+
+be-reófan, st. v., _to rob of, bereave_: pret. part. w. instr. acc. sg.
+fem. golde berofene, 2932; instr. sg. reóte berofene, 2458.
+
+reón. See rôwan.
+
+reótan, st. v., _to weep_: pres. pl. ôð þät ... roderas reótað, 1377.
+
+reów, adj., _excited, fierce, wild_: in comp. blôd-, gûð-, wäl-reów. See
+hreów.
+
+ricone, _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 2984.
+
+riht, st. n., _right_ or _privilege; the_ (abstract) _right_: acc. sg. on
+ryht (_according to right_), 1556; sôð and riht (_truth and right_), 1701;
+dat. sg. wið rihte, 144; äfter rihte (_in accordance with right_), 1050;
+syllîc spell rehte äfter rihte _(told a wondrous tale truthfully_), 2111;
+mid rihte, 2057; acc. pl. ealde riht (_the ten commandments_), 2331;
+--Comp. in êðel-, folc-, land-, un-, word-riht.
+
+riht, adj., _straight, right_: in comp. up-riht.
+
+rihte, adv., _rightly, correctly_, 1696. See ät-rihte.
+
+rinc, st. m., _man, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 399, 2986; also of Grendel,
+721; acc. sg. rinc, 742, 748; dat. sg. rince, 953; of Hrôðgâr, 1678; gen.
+pl. rinca, 412, 729.--Comp. in beado-, gûð-, here-, heaðo-, hilde-, mago-,
+sæ-rinc.
+
+ge-risne, ge-rysne, adj., _appropriate, proper_: nom. sg. n. ge-rysne,
+2654.
+
+rîce, st. n.: 1) _realm, land ruled over_: nom. sg., 2200, 2208; acc. sg.
+rîce, 913, 1734, 1854, 3005; gen. sg. rîces, 862, 1391, 1860, 2028, 3081.
+Comp. Swió-rîce.--2) _council of chiefs, the king with his chosen
+advisers_(?): nom. sg. oft gesät rîce tô rûne, 172.
+
+rîce, adj., _mighty, powerful_: nom. sg. (of Hrôðgâr), 1238; (of Hygelâc),
+1210; (of Äsc-here), 1299; weak form, se rîca (Hrôðgâr), 310; (Beówulf),
+399; (Hygelâc), 1976.--Comp. gimme-rîce.
+
+rîcsian, rîxian, w. v. intrans., _to rule, reign_: inf. rîcsian, 2212;
+pret. sg. rîxode, 144.
+
+rîdan, st. v., _to ride_: subj. pres. þät his byre rîde giong on galgan,
+2446; pres. part. nom. pl. rîdend, 2458; inf. wicge rîdan, 234; mearum
+rîdan, 856; pret. sg. sæ-genga ... se þe on ancre râd, 1884; him tô-geánes
+râd (_rode to meet them_), 1894; pret. pl. ymbe hlæw riodan (_rode round
+the grave-mound_), 3171.
+
+ge-rîdan, w. acc., _to ride over_: pret. sg. se þe näs ge-râd (_who rode
+over the promontory_), 2899.
+
+rîm, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. däg-, un-rîm.
+
+ge-rîm, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. dôgor-ge-rim.
+
+ge-rîman, w. v., _to count together, enumerate in all_: pret. part. in
+comp. forð-gerîmed.
+
+â-rîsan, st. v., _to arise, rise_: imper. sg. â-rîs, 1391; pret. sg. â-râs
+þâ se rîca, 399; so, 652, 1791, 3031; â-râs þâ bî ronde (_arose by his
+shield_), 2539; hwanan sió fæhð â-râs (_whence the feud arose_), 2404.
+
+rodor, st. m., _ether, firmament, sky_ (from _radius_?, Bugge): gen. sg.
+rodores candel, 1573; nom. pl. roderas, 1377; dat. pl. under roderum, 310;
+gen. pl. rodera, 1556.
+
+rôf, adj., _fierce, of fierce, heroic, strength, strong_: nom. sg., 2539;
+also with gen. mägenes rôf (_strong in might_), 2085; so, þeáh þe he rôf
+sîe nîð-geweorca, 683; acc. sg. rôfne, 1794; on þone rôfan, 2691.--Comp.:
+beadu-, brego-, ellen-, heaðo-, hyge-, sige-rôf.
+
+rôt, adj., _glad, joyous_: in comp. un-rôt.
+
+rôwan, st. v., _to row_ (with the arms), _swim_: pret. pl. reón (for
+reówon), 512, 539.
+
+rûm, st. m., _space, room_: nom. sg., 2691.
+
+rûm, adj.: 1) _roomy, spacious_: nom. sg. þûhte him eall tô rûm, wongas and
+wîc-stede (_fields and dwelling seemed to him all too broad_, i.e. could
+not hide his shame at the unavenged death of his murdered son), 2462.--2)
+in moral sense, _great, magnanimous, noble-hearted_: acc. sg. þurh rûmne
+sefan, 278.
+
+rûm-heort, adj., _big-hearted, noble-spirited_: nom. sg., 1800, 2111.
+
+ge-rûm-lîc, adj., _commodious, comfortable_: compar. ge-rûm-lîcor, 139.
+
+rûn, st. f., _secrecy, secret discussion, deliberation_ or _council_: dat.
+sg. ge-sät rîce tô rûne, 172.--Comp. beado-rûn.
+
+rûn-stäf, st. m., _rune-stave, runic letter_: acc. pl. þurh rûn-stafas,
+1696.
+
+rûn-wita, w. m., _rune-wit, privy councillor, trusted adviser_: nom. sg.,
+1326.
+
+ge-rysne. See ge-risne.
+
+ge-rýman, w. v.: 1) _to make room for, prepare, provide room_: pret. pl.
+þät hie him ôðer flet eal ge-rýmdon, 1087; pret. part. þâ wäs Geát-mäcgum
+... benc gerýmed, 492; so, 1976.--2) _to allow, grant, admit_: pret. part.
+þâ me ge-rýmed wäs (sîð) (_as access was permitted me_), 3089; þâ him
+gerýmed wearð, þät hie wäl-stôwe wealdan môston, 2984.
+
+
+S
+
+ge-saca, w. m., _opponent, antagonist, foe_: acc. sg. ge-sacan, 1774.
+
+sacan, st. v., _to strive, contend_: inf. ymb feorh sacan, 439.
+
+ge-sacan, _to attain, gain by contending_ (Grein): inf. gesacan sceal
+sâwl-berendra ... gearwe stôwe _(gain the place prepared_, i.e. the
+death-bed), 1005.
+
+on-sacan: 1) (originally in a lawsuit), _to withdraw, take away, deprive
+of_: pres. subj. þätte freoðuwebbe feores on-säce ... leófne mannan,
+1943.--2) _to contest, dispute, withstand_: inf. þät he sæmannum on-sacan
+mihte (i.e. hord, bearn, and brýde), 2955.
+
+sacu, st. f., _strife, hostility, feud_: nom. sg., 1858, 2473; acc. sg.
+säce, 154; säcce, 1978, 1990, 2348, 2500, 2563; dat. sg. ät (tô) säcce,
+954, 1619, 1666, 2613, 2660, 2682, 2687; gen. sg. secce, 601; gen. pl.
+säcca, 2030.
+
+ge-sacu, st. f., _strife, enmity_: nom. sg., 1738.
+
+sadol, st. m., _saddle_: nom. sg., 1039.
+
+sadol-beorht, adj., _with bright saddles_ (?): acc. pl. sadol-beorht, 2176.
+
+ge-saga. See secgan.
+
+samne, somne, adv., _together, united_; in ät-somne, _together, united_,
+307, 402, 491, 544, 2848.
+
+tô-somne (_together_), 3123; þâ se wyrm ge-beáh snûde tô-somne (_when the
+dragon quickly coiled together_), 2569.
+
+samod, somod: I. adv., _simultaneously, at the same time_: somod, 1212,
+1615, 2175, 2988; samod, 2197; samod ät-gädere, 387, 730, 1064.--II. prep.
+w. dat., _with, at the same time with_: samod ær-däge (_with the break of
+day_), 1312; somod ær-däge, 2943.
+
+sand, st. n., _sand, sandy shore_: dat. sg. on sande, 295, 1897, 3043(?);
+äfter sande (_along the shore_), 1965; wið sande, 213.
+
+sang, st. m., _song, cry, noise_: nom. sg. sang, 1064; swutol sang scôpes,
+90; acc. sg. sige-leásne sang (Grendel's cry of woe), 788; sârigne sang
+(Hrêðel's dirge for Herebeald), 2448.
+
+sâl, st. m., _rope_: dat. sg. sâle, 1907; on sâle (sole, MS.), 302.
+
+sâl. See sæl.
+
+sâr, st. n., _wound, pain_ (physical or spiritual): nom. sg. sâr, 976; sió
+sâr, 2469; acc. sg. sâr, 788; sâre, 2296; dat. (instr.) sg. sâre, 1252,
+2312, 2747.--Comp. lîc-sâr.
+
+sâr, adj., _sore, painful_: instr. pl. sârum wordum, 2059.
+
+sâre, adv., _sorely, heavily, ill_, graviter: se þe him [sâ]re gesceôd
+(_who injured him sorely_), 2224.
+
+sârig, adj., _painful, woeful_: acc. sg. sârigne sang, 2448.
+
+sârig-ferð, adj., _sore-hearted, grieved_: nom. sg. sârig-ferð (Wîglâf),
+2864.
+
+sârig-môd, adj., _sorrowful-minded, saddened_: dat. pl. sârig-môdum, 2943.
+
+sâr-lîc, adj., _painful_: nom. sg., 843; acc. sg. neut., 2110.
+
+sâwol, sâwl, st. f., _soul_ (the immortal principle as contrasted with lîf,
+the physical life): nom. sg. sâwol, 2821; acc. sg. sâwle, 184, 802; hæðene
+sâwle, 853; gen. sg. sâwele, 1743; sâwle, 2423.
+
+sâwl-berend, pres. part., _endowed with a soul, human being_: gen. pl.
+sâwl-berendra, 1005.
+
+sâwul-dreór, st. n., (blood gushing from the seat of the soul), _soul-gore,
+heart's blood, life's blood_: instr. sg. sâwul-drióre, 2694.
+
+sâwul-leás, adj., _soulless, lifeless_: acc. sg. sâwol-leásne, 1407;
+sâwul-leásne, 3034.
+
+säce, säcce. See sacu.
+
+säd, adj., _satiated, wearied_: in comp. hilde-säd.
+
+säl, st. n., _habitable space, house_, _hall_: dat. sg. sel, 167; säl, 307,
+2076, 2265.
+
+säld, st. n., _hall, king's hall_ or _palace_: acc. sg. geond þät säld
+(Heorot), 1281.
+
+sæ, st. m. and f., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg., 579, 1224; acc. sg. on sîdne sæ,
+507; ofer sæ, 2381; ofer sæ sîde, 2395; dat. sg. tô sæ, 318; on sæ, 544;
+dat. pl. be sæm tweonum, 859, 1298, 1686, 1957.
+
+sæ-bât, st. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg., 634, 896.
+
+sæ-cyning, st. m., _sea-king, king ruling the sea_: gen. pl. sæ-cyninga,
+2383.
+
+sæ-deór, st. n., _sea-beast, sea-monster_: nom. sg., 1511.
+
+sæ-draca, w. m., _sea-dragon_: acc. pl. sæ-dracan, 1427.
+
+ge-sægan, w. v., _to fell, slay_: pret. part. häfdon eal-fela eotena cynnes
+sweordum ge-sæged (_felled with the sword_), 885.
+
+sæge. See on-sæge.
+
+sæ-genga, w. m., _sea-goer_, i.e. sea-going ship: nom. sg., 1883, 1909.
+
+sæ-geáp, adj., _spacious_ (broad enough for the sea): nom. sg. sæ-geáp
+naca, 1897.
+
+sæ-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom, ocean-bottom_: dat. sg. sæ-grunde, 564.
+
+sæl, sâl, sêl, st. f.: 1) _favorable opportunity, good_ or _fit time_: nom.
+sg. sæl, 623, 1666, 2059; sæl and mæl, 1009; acc. sg. sêle, 1136; gen. pl.
+sæla and mæla, 1612.--2) _Fate_(?): see Note on l. 51.--3) _happiness,
+joy_: dat. pl. on sâlum, 608; sælum, 644, 1171, 1323. See sêl, adj.
+
+ge-sælan, w. v., _to turn out favorably, succeed_: pret. sg. him ge-sælde
+þät ...(_he was fortunate enough to_, etc.), 891; so, 574; efne swylce
+mæla, swylce hira man-dryhtne þearf ge-sælde (_at such times as need
+disposed it for their lord_), 1251.
+
+sælan (see sâl), w. v., _to tie, bind_: pret. sg. sælde ... sîð-fäðme scip,
+1918; pl. sæ-wudu sældon, 226.
+
+ge-sælan, _to bind together, weave, interweave_: pret. part. earm-beága
+fela searwum ge-sæled (_many curiously interwoven armlets_, i.e. made of
+metal wire: see Guide to Scandinavian Antiquities, p. 48), 2765.
+
+on-sælan, with acc., _to unbind, unloose, open_: on-sæl meoto, sige-hrêð
+secgum (_disclose thy views to the men, thy victor's courage_; or, _thy
+presage of victory_?), 489.
+
+sæ-lâc, st. n., _sea-gift, sea-booty_: instr. sg. sæ-lâce, 1625; acc. pl.
+þâs sæ-lâc, 1653.
+
+sæ-lâd, st. f., _sea-way, sea-journey_: dat. sg. sæ-lâde, 1140, 1158.
+
+sæ-lîðend, pres. part., _seafarer_: nom. pl. sæ-lîðend, 411, 1819, 2807;
+sæ-lîðende, 377.
+
+sæ-man, m., _sea-man, sea-warrior_: dat. pl. sæ-mannum, 2955; gen. pl.
+sæ-manna, 329 (both times said of the Geátas).
+
+sæmra, weak adj. compar., _the worse, the weaker_: nom. sg. sæmra, 2881;
+dat. sg. sæmran, 954.
+
+sæ-mêðe, adj., _sea-weary, exhausted by sea-travel_: nom. pl. sæ-mêðe, 325.
+
+sæ-näs, st. m., _sea-promontory, cape, naze_: acc. pl. sæ-nässas, 223, 571.
+
+sæne, adj., _careless, slow_: compar. sg. nom. he on holme wäs sundes þê
+sænra, þe hyne swylt fornam (_was the slower in swimming in the sea, whom
+death took away_), 1437.
+
+sæ-rinc, st. m., _sea-warrior_ or _hero_: nom. sg., 691.
+
+sæ-sîð, st. m., _sea-way, path, journey_: dat. sg. äfter sæ-sîðe, 1150.
+
+sæ-wang, st. m., _sea-shore_ or _beach_: acc. sg. sæ-wong, 1965.
+
+sæ-weal, st. m., _(sea-wall), seashore_: dat. sg. sæ-wealle, 1925.
+
+sæ-wudu, st. m., _(sea-wood), vessel, ship_: acc. sg. sæ-wudu, 226.
+
+sæ-wylm, st. m., _sea-surf, billow_: acc. pl. ofer sæ-wylmas, 393.
+
+scacan, sceacan, st. v., properly, _to shake one's self_; hence, _to go,
+glide, pass along_ or _away_: pres. sg. þonne mîn sceaceð lîf of lîce,
+2743; inf. þâ com beorht [sunne] scacan [ofer grundas], (_the bright sun
+came gliding over the fields_), 1804; pret. sg. duguð ellor scôc _(the
+chiefs are gone elsewhither_, i.e. have died), 2255; þonne stræla storm ...
+scôc ofer scild-weall (_when the storm of arrows leapt over the wall of
+shields_), 3119; pret. part. wäs hira blæd scacen (_their bravest men had
+passed away_), 1125; þâ wäs winter scacen (_the winter was past_), 1137;
+so, sceacen, 2307, 2728.
+
+scadu, sceadu, st. f., _shadow, concealing veil of night_: acc. sg. under
+sceadu bregdan (i.e. kill), 708.
+
+scadu-genga, w. m., _shadow-goer, twilight-stalker_ (of Grendel): nom. sg.
+sceadu-genga, 704.
+
+scadu-helm, st. m., _shadow-helm, veil of darkness_: gen. pl. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu (_shapes of the shadow, evil spirits wandering by night_), 651.
+
+scalu, st. f., _retinue, band_ (part of an armed force); in comp.
+hand-scalu: mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+scamian, w. v., _to be ashamed_: pres. part. nom. pl. scamiende, 2851; nô
+he þære feoh-gyfte ... scamigan þorfte (_needed not be ashamed of his
+treasure-giving_), 1027.
+
+scawa (see sceáwlan), w. m., _observer, visitor_: nom. pl. scawan, 1896.
+
+ge-scâd, st. n., _difference, distinction_: acc. sg. æg-hwäðres gescâd,
+worda and worca (_difference between, of, both words and deeds_), 288.
+
+ge-scâdan, st. v., _to decide, adjudge_: pret. sg. rodera rædend hit on
+ryht gescêd (_decided it in accordance with right_), 1556.
+
+scânan? See scînan, pret. pl. scionon, 303; the imaginary scânan having
+been abandoned.
+
+ge-scäp-hwîle, st. f., _fated hour, hour of death (appointed rest?)_: dat.
+sg. tô gescäp-hwîle (_at the fated hour_), 26.
+
+sceððan, w. v., _to scathe, injure_: inf. w. dat. pers., 1034; aldre
+sceððan (_hurt her life_), 1525; þät on land Dena lâðra nænig mid scipherge
+sceððan ne meahte (_injure through robber incursions_), 243; pret. sg. þær
+him nænig wäter wihte ne sceðede, 1515.
+
+ge-sceððan, the same: inf. þät him ... ne mihte eorres inwit-feng aldre
+gesceððan, 1448.
+
+scenc, st. m., _vessel, can_: in comp. medu-scenc.
+
+scencan, w. v., _to hand drink, pour out_: pret. sg. scencte scîr wered,
+496 (cf. skinker = cup-bearer).
+
+scenne, w. f.?, _sword-guard?_: dat. pl. on þæm scennum scîran goldes,
+1695.
+
+sceran, st. v., _to shear off, cleave, hew to pieces_: pres. sg. þonne
+heoru bunden ... swîn ofer helme andweard scireð (_hews off the boar-head
+on the helm_), 1288.
+
+ge-sceran, _to divide, hew in two_: pret. sg. helm oft ge-scär (_often
+clove the helm in two_), 1527; so, gescer, 2974.
+
+scerwen, st. f.?, in comp. ealu-scerwen (_ale-scare_ or _panic_?), 770.
+
+scêt. See sceótan.
+
+sceadu. See scadu.
+
+sceaða, w. m.: 1) _scather, foe_: gen. pl. sceaðena, 4.--2) _fighter,
+warrior_: nom. pl. scaðan, 1804.--Comp.: âttor-, dol-, feónd-, gûð-,
+hearm-, leód-, mân-, sin-, þeód-, uht-sceaða.
+
+sceaðan, st. v. w. dat., _to scathe, injure, crush_: pret. sg. se þe oft
+manegum scôd (_which has oft oppressed many_), 1888.
+
+ge-sceaðan, w. dat., the same: pret. sg. swâ him ær gescôd hild ät Heorote,
+1588; se þe him sâre ge-sceôd (_who injured him sorely_), 2224; nô þý ær in
+gescôd hâlan lîce, 1503; bill ær gescôd eald-hlâfordes þam þâra mâðma
+mund-bora wäs (_the weapon of the ancient chieftain had before laid low the
+dragon, the guardian of the treasure_), 2778 (or, _sheathed in brass_?, if
+ær and gescôd form compound).
+
+sceaðen-mæl, st. n., _deadly weapon, hostile sword_: nom. sg., 1940.
+
+sceaft, st. m., _shaft, spear, missile_: nom. sg. sceft, 3119.--Comp.:
+here-, wäl-sceaft.
+
+ge-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _creation, earth, earthly existence_: acc. sg. þâs
+lænan ge-sceaft, 1623.--2) _fate, destiny_: in comp. forð-, lîf-,
+mæl-gesceaft.
+
+scealc, st. m., _servant, military retainer_: nom. sg., 919; (of Beówulf),
+940.--Comp beór-scealc.
+
+ge-sceap, st. n.: 1) _shape, creature_: nom. pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu,
+651.--2) _fate, providence_: acc. sg. heáh ge-sceap (_heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+sceapan, sceppan, scyppan, st. v., _to shape, create, order, arrange,
+establish_: pres. part. scyppend (_the Creator_), 106; pret. sg. scôp him
+Heort naman (_shaped, gave, it the name Heorot_), 78; pres. part. wäs sió
+wrôht scepen heard wið Hûgas, syððan Hygelâc cwom (_the contest with the
+Hûgas became sharp after H. had come_), 2915.
+
+ge-sceapan, _to shape, create_: pret. sg. lîf ge-sceôp cynna gehwylcum, 97.
+
+scear, st. m., _massacre_: in comp. gûð-, inwit-scear, 2429, etc.
+
+scearp, adj., _sharp, able, brave_: nom. sg. scearp scyld-wîga,
+288.--Comp.: beadu-, heaðo-scearp.
+
+scearu, st. f., _division, body, troop_: in comp. folc-scearu; _that is
+decided_ or _determined_, in gûð-scearu (_overthrow_?), 1214.
+
+sceat, st. m., _money_; also _unit of value in appraising_ (cf. Rieger in
+Zacher's Zeits. 3, 415): acc. pl. sceattas, 1687. When numbers are given,
+sceat appears to be left out, cf. 2196, 2995 (see þûsend).--Comp.
+gif-sceat.
+
+sceát, st. m., _region, field_: acc. pl. gefrätwade foldan sceátas leomum
+and leáfum, 96;--_top, surface, part_: gen. pl. eorðan sceáta, 753.
+
+sceáwere, st. m., _observer, spy_: nom. pl. sceáweras, 253.
+
+sceáwian, w. v. w. acc., _to see, look at, observe_: inf. sceáwian, 841,
+1414, 2403, 2745, 3009, 3033; sceáwigan, 1392; pres. sg. II. þät ge genôge
+neán sceáwiað beágas and brâd gold, 3105; subj. pres. þät ic ... sceáwige
+swegle searo-gimmas, 2749; pret. sg. sceáwode, 1688, 2286, 2794; sg. for
+pl., 844; pret. pl. sceáwedon, 132, 204, 984, 1441.
+
+ge-sceáwian, _to see, behold, observe_: pret. part. ge-sceáwod, 3076, 3085.
+
+sceorp, st. n., _garment_: in comp. hilde-sceorp.
+
+sceótan, st. v., _to shoot, hurl missiles_: pres. sg. se þe of flân-bogan
+fyrenum sceóteð, 1745; pres. part. nom. pl. sceótend (_the warriors,
+bowmen_), 704, 1155; dat. pl. for sceótendum (MS. scotenum), 1027.
+
+ge-sceótan, w. acc., _to shoot off, hurry_: pret. sg. hord eft gesceát
+(_the dragon darted again back to the treasure_), 2320.
+
+of-sceótan, _to kill by shooting_: pret. sg. his mæg of-scêt ... blôdigan
+gâre _(killed his brother with bloody dart_), 2440.
+
+scild, scyld, st. m., _shield_: nom. sg. scyld, 2571; acc. sg. scyld, 437,
+2076; acc. pl. scyldas, 325, 333, 2851.
+
+scildan, scyldan, w. v., _to shield, protect_: pret. subj. nymðe mec god
+scylde (_if God had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+scild-freca, w. m., _shield-warrior_ (warrior armed with a shield): nom.
+sg. scyld-freca, 1034.
+
+scild-weall, st. m., _wall of shields_: acc. sg. scild-weall, 3119.
+
+scild-wîga, w. m., _shield-warrior_: nom. sg. scyld-wîga, 288.
+
+scinna, w. m., _apparition, evil spirit_: dat. pl. scynnum, 940.
+
+scip, st. n., _vessel, ship_: nom. sg., 302; acc. sg., 1918; dat. sg. tô
+scipe, 1896; gen. sg. scipes, 35, 897; dat pl. tô scypum (scypon, MS.),
+1155.
+
+scip-here, st. m., (exercitus navalis) _armada, fleet_: dat. sg. mid
+scip-herge, 243.
+
+ge-scîfe (for ge-scýfe), adj., _advancing_ (of the dragon's movement),
+2571; = G. _schief_?
+
+scînan, st. v., _to shine, flash_: pres. sg. sunne ... sûðan scîneð, 607;
+so, 1572; inf. geseah blâcne leóman beorhte scînan, 1518; pret. sg.
+(gûð-byrne, woruld--candel) scân, 321, 1966; on him byrne scân, 405; pret.
+pl. gold-fâg scinon web äfter wagum, 995; scionon, 303.
+
+scîr, adj., _sheer, pure, shining_: nom. sg. hring-îren scîr, 322; scîr
+metod, 980; acc. sg. n. scîr wered, 496; gen. sg. scîran goldes, 1695.
+
+scîr-ham, adj., _bright-armored, clad in bright mail_: nom. pl. scîr-hame,
+1896.
+
+scoten. See sceóten.
+
+ge-scôd, pret. part., _shod_ (calceatus), _covered_: in comp.
+ær-ge-scôd(?). See ge-sceaðan, and Note.
+
+scôp, st. m., _singer, shaper, poet_: nom. sg., 496, 1067; gen. sg. scôpes,
+90.
+
+scräf, st. n., _hole in the earth, cavern_: in comp. eorð-scräf.
+
+scrîðan, st. v., _to stride, go_: pres. pl. scrîðað, 163; inf. scrîðan,
+651, 704; scrîðan tô, 2570.
+
+scrîfan, st. v., _to prescribe, impose_ (punishment): inf. hû him (Grendel)
+scîr metod scrîfan wille, 980.
+
+for-scrîfan, w. dat. pers., _to proscribe, condemn_: pret. part. siððan him
+scyppend for-scrifen häfde, 106.
+
+ge-scrîfan, _to permit, prescribe_: pret. sg. swâ him Wyrd ne ge-scrâf (_as
+Weird did not permit him_), 2575.
+
+scrûd, st. m., _clothing, covering; ornament_: in comp. beadu-,
+byrdu-scrûd.
+
+scucca, w. m., _shadowy sprite, demon_: dat. pl. scuccum, 940.
+
+sculan, aux. v. w. inf.: 1) _shall, must_ (obligation): pres. sg. I., III.
+sceal, 20, 24, 183, 251, 271, 287, 440, 978, 1005, 1173, 1387, 1535, etc.;
+scel, 455, 2805, 3011; II. scealt, 589, 2667; subj. pres. scyle, 2658;
+scile, 3178; pret. ind. sg. I., III. scolde, 10, 806, 820, 966, 1071, 1444,
+1450, etc.; sceolde, 2342, 2409, 2443, 2590, 2964; II. sceoldest, 2057; pl.
+scoldon, 41, 833, 1306, 1638; subj. pret. scolde, 1329, 1478; sceolde,
+2709.--2) w. inf. following it expresses futurity, = _shall, will_: pres.
+sg. I., III. sceal beódan (_shall offer_), 384; so, 424, 438, 602, 637,
+1061, 1707, 1856, 1863, 2070; sceall, 2499, 2509, etc.; II. scealt, 1708;
+pl. wit sculon, 684; subj. pret. scolde, 280, 692, 911; sceolde, 3069.--3)
+sculan sometimes forms a periphrastic phrase or circumlocution for a simple
+tense, usually with a slight feeling of obligation or necessity: pres. sg.
+he ge-wunian sceall (_he inhabits; is said to inhabit?_), 2276; pret. sg.
+se þe wäter-egesan wunian scolde, 1261; wäcnan scolde (_was to awake_), 85;
+se þone gomelan grêtan sceolde (_was to, should, approach_), 2422; þät se
+byrn-wîga bûgan sceolde (_the corseleted warrior had to bow, fell_), 2919;
+pl. þâ þe beado-grîman býwan sceoldon (_they that had to polish or deck the
+battle-masks_), 2258; so, 230, 705, 1068.--4) w. omitted inf., such as
+wesan, gangan: unc sceal worn fela mâðma ge-mænra (i.e. wesan). 1784; so,
+2660; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum befeallen (i.e. wesan), 2256; ic him
+äfter sceal (i.e. gangan), 2817; subj. þonne þu forð scyle (i.e. gangan),
+1180. A verb or inf. expressed in an antecedent clause is not again
+expressed with a subsequent sceal: gæð â Wyrd swâ hió scel (_Weird goeth
+ever as it shall_ [go]), 455; gûð-bill ge-swâc swâ hit nô sceolde (i.e.
+ge-swîcan), 2586.
+
+scûa, w. m., _shadowy demon_: in comp. deáð-scûa.
+
+scûfan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to move forward, hasten_: pret. part. þâ wäs
+morgen-leóht scofen and scynded, 919.--2) w. acc., _to shove, push_: pret.
+pl. guman ût scufon ... wudu bundenne (_pushed the vessel from the land_),
+215; dracan scufun ... ofer weall-clif (_pushed the dragon over the
+wall-like cliff_), 3132. See wîd-scofen(?)
+
+be-scûfan, w. acc., _to push, thrust down, in_: inf. wâ bið þäm þe sceal
+... sâwle be-scûfan in fýres fäðm (_woe to him that shall thrust his soul
+into fire's embrace_), 184.
+
+scûr, st. m., _shower, battle-shower_: in comp. îsern-scûr.
+
+scûr-heard, adj., _fight-hardened? (file-hardened?_): nom. pl. scûr-heard,
+1034.
+
+scyld, scyldan. See scild, scildan.
+
+scyldig, adj., _under obligations_ or _bound for; guilty of_, w. gen. and
+instr.: ealdres (morðres) scyldig, 1339, 1684, 2062; synnum scyldig
+(_guilty of evil deeds_), 3072.
+
+scyndan, w. v., _to hasten_: inf. scyndan, 2571; pret. part, scynded, 919
+
+scynna. See scinna.
+
+scyppend. See sceapan.
+
+scyran, w. v., _to arrange, decide_: inf. þät hit sceaðen-mæl scyran môste
+(_that the sword must decide it_), 1940. O.N. skora, _to score, decide_.
+
+scýne, adj., _sheen, well-formed, beautiful_: nom. sg. mägð scýne, 3017.
+
+se, pron. dem. and article, _the_: m. nom., 79, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 102,
+etc.; fem, seó, 66, 146, etc.; neut. þät;--relative: se (_who_), 1611,
+2866; se þe (_he who_), 2293; seó þe (_she who_), 1446; se þe (for seó þe),
+1345, 1888, 2686; cf. 1261, 1498; (Grendel's mother, as a wild, demonic
+creature, is conceived now as man, now as woman: woman, as having borne a
+son; man, as the incarnation of savage cunning and power); se for seó,
+2422; dat. sg. þam (for þam þe), 2780.
+
+secce. See sacu.
+
+secg, st. m., _man, warrior, hero, spokesman_ (secgan?): nom. sg., 208,
+872, 2228, 2407, etc.; (Beówulf), 249, 948, 1312, 1570, 1760, etc.;
+(Wulfgâr), 402; (Hûnferð), 981; (Wîglâf), 2864; acc. sg. sinnigne secg
+(Grendel's mother, cf. se), 1380; dat. sg. secge, 2020; nom. pl. secgas,
+213, 2531, 3129; dat. pl. secgum, 490; gen. pl. secga, 634, 843, 997, 1673.
+
+secg, st. f., _sword_ (sedge?): acc. sg. secge, 685.
+
+secgan, w. v., _to say, speak_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. gode ic þanc secge,
+1998; so, 2796; pres. part. swâ se secg hwata secgende wäs lâðra spella
+(partitive gen.), 3029; inf. secgan, 582, 876, 881, 1050; pret. sg. sägde
+him þäs leánes þanc, 1810; pret. sg. II. hwät þu worn fela ... sägdest from
+his sîðe, 532.--2) without acc inf. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273;
+pret. sg. sägde, 2633, 2900--3) w. depend. clause: pres. sg. ic secge, 591;
+pl. III. secgað, 411; inf. secgan, 51, 391, 943, 1347, 1701, 1819, 2865,
+3027; gerund. tô secganne, 473, 1725; pret. sg. sägde, 90, 1176; pl.
+sägdon, 377, 2188; sædan, 1946.
+
+â-secgan (edicere), _to say out, deliver_: inf. wille ic â-secgan suna
+Healfdenes ... mîn ærende, 344.
+
+ge-secgan, _to say, relate_: imper. sg. II. ge-saga, 388; þät ic his ærest
+þe eft ge-sägde (_that I should, after, tell thee its origin_), 2158; pret.
+part. gesägd, 141; gesæd, 1697.
+
+sefa, w. m., _heart, mind, soul, spirit_: nom. sg., 49, 490, 595, 2044,
+2181, 2420, 2601, 2633; acc. sg. sefan, 278, 1727, 1843; dat. sg. sefan,
+473, 1343, 1738.--Comp. môd-sefa.
+
+ge-segen, st. f., _legend, tale_: in comp. eald-ge-segen.
+
+segl, st. n., _sail_: nom. sg., 1907.
+
+segl-râd, st. f., _sail-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. on segl-râde, 1430.
+
+segn, st. n., _banner_, vexillum: nom. sg., 2768, 2959; acc. sg. segen, 47,
+1022; segn, 2777; dat. sg. under segne, 1205.--Comp. heáfod-segn.
+
+sel, st. n., _hall, palace_. See säl.
+
+seld, st. n., _dwelling, house_: in comp. medu-seld.
+
+ge-selda, w. m., contubernalis, _companion_: acc. sg. geseldan, 1985.
+
+seldan, adv., _seldom_: oft [nô] seldan, 2030.
+
+seld-guma, w. m., _house-man, home-stayer(?); common man?, house-carl?_:
+nom. sg., 249.
+
+sele, st. m. and n., _building consisting of one apartment; apartment,
+room_: nom. sg., 81, 411; acc. sg. sele, 827, 2353; dat. sg. tô sele, 323,
+1641; in (on, tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920, 1017, 1985; on sele (_in the den
+of the dragon_), 3129.--Comp.: beáh-, beór-, dryht-, eorð-, gest-, gold-,
+grund-, gûð-, heáh-, hring-, hrôf-, nið-, win-sele.
+
+sele-dreám, st. m., _hall-glee, joy in the hall_: acc. sg. þâra þe þis lîf
+ofgeaf, gesâwon sele-dreám (referring to the joy of heaven?), 2253.
+
+sele-ful, st. n., _hall-goblet_: acc. sg., 620.
+
+sele-gyst, st. m., _hall-guest, stranger in hall_ or _house_: acc. sg. þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+sele-rædend, pres. part., _hall-ruler, possessor of the hall_: nom. pl.,
+51; acc. leóde mîne sele-rædende, 1347.
+
+sele-rest, st. f., _bed in the hall_: acc. sg. sele-reste, 691.
+
+sele-þegn, st. m., _retainer, hall-thane, chamberlain_: nom. sg., 1795.
+
+sele-weard, st. m., _hall-ward, guardian of the hall_: acc. sg., 668.
+
+self, sylf, pron., _self_: nom. sg. strong form, self, 1314, 1925 (?
+selfa); þu self, 595; þu þe self, 954; self cyning (_the king himself, the
+king too_), 921, 1011; sylf, 1965; in weak form, selfa, 1469; he selfa, 29,
+1734; þäm þe him selfa deáh (_that can rely upon, trust to, himself_),
+1840; seolfa, 3068; he sylfa, 505; god sylfa, 3055; acc. sg. m. selfne,
+1606; hine selfne (_himself_), 962; hyne selfne (_himself_, reflex.), 2876;
+wið sylfne (_beside_), 1978; gen. sg. m. selfes, 701, 896; his selfes,
+1148; on sînne sylfes dôm (_at his own will_), 2148; sylfes, 2224, 2361,
+2640, 2711, 2777, 3014; his sylfes, 2014, 2326; fem. hire selfre, 1116;
+nom. pl. selfe, 419; Sûð-Dene sylfe, 1997.
+
+ge-sella, w. m., _house-companion, comrade_: in comp. hand-gesella.
+
+sellan, syllan, w. v.: 1) w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to give,
+deliver; permit, grant, present_: pres. sg. III. seleð him on êðle eorðan
+wynne, 1731; inf. syllan, 2161, 2730; pret. sg. sealde, 72, 673, 1272,
+1694, 1752, 2025, 2156, 2183, 2491, 2995; nefne god sylfa sealde þam þe he
+wolde hord openian (_unless God himself gave to whom he would to open the
+hoard_), 3056; pret. sg. II. sealdest, 1483.--2) _to give, give up_ (only
+w. acc. of thing): ær he feorh seleð (_he prefers to give up his life_),
+1371; nallas on gylp seleð fätte beágas (_giveth out gold-wrought rings_,
+etc.), 1750; pret. sg. sinc-fato sealde, 623; pl. byrelas sealdon wîn of
+wunder-fatum, 1162.
+
+ge-sellan, w. acc. and dat. of pers., _to give, deliver; grant, present_:
+inf. ge-sellan, 1030; pret. sg. ge-sealde, 616, 1053, 1867, 1902, 2143,
+etc.
+
+sel-lîc, syl-lîc (from seld-lîc), adj., _strange, wondrous_: nom. sg. glôf
+... syllîc, 2087; acc. sg. n. syllîc spell, 2110; acc. pl. sellîce
+sæ-dracan, 1427. Compar. acc. sg. syllîcran wiht (the dragon), 3039.
+
+semninga, adv., _straightway, at once_ 645, 1641, 1768.
+
+sendan, w. v. w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers., _to send_: pret. sg. þone
+god sende folce tô frôfre (_whom God sent as a comfort to the people_), 13;
+so, 471, 1843.
+
+for-sendan, _to send away, drive off_ pret. part. he wearð on feónda
+geweald ... snûde for-sended, 905.
+
+on-sendan, _to send forth, away_, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers.:
+imper. sg. on-send, 452, 1484; pret. sg. on-sende, 382; pl. þe hine ...
+forð on-sendon ænne ofer ýðe (_who sent him forth alone over the sea_), 45;
+pret. part. bealo-cwealm hafað fela feorh-cynna feorr on-sended, 2267.
+
+sendan (cf. Gl. Aldhelm, sanda = ferculorum, epularum, in Haupt IX. 444),
+w. v., _to feast, banquet_: pres. sg. III. sendeð, 601.--Leo.
+
+serce, syrce, w. f., _sark, shirt of mail_: nom. sg. syrce, 1112; nom. pl.
+syrcan, 226; acc. pl. græge syrcan, 334.--Comp.: beadu-, heoro-serce;
+here-, leoðo-, lîc-syrce.
+
+sess, st. m., _seat, place for sitting_: dat. sg. sesse, 2718; þâ he bî
+sesse geóng (_by the seat_, i.e. before the dragon's lair), 2757.
+
+setl, st. n., _seat, settle_: acc. sg., 2014; dat. sg. setle, 1233, 1783,
+2020; gen. sg. setles, 1787; dat. pl. setlum, 1290.--Comp.: heáh-, hilde-,
+meodu-setl.
+
+settan, w. v., _to set_: pret. sg. setton sæ-mêðe sîde scyldas ... wið þäs
+recedes weall (_the sea-wearied ones set their broad shields against the
+wall of the hall_), 325; so, 1243.
+
+â-settan, _to set, place, appoint_: pret. pl. hie him â-setton segen
+[gyl]-denne heáh ofer heáfod, 47; pret. part. häfde kyninga wuldor Grendle
+tô-geánes ... sele-weard â-seted, 668.
+
+be-settan, _to set with, surround_: pret. sg. (helm) besette swîn-lîcum
+(_set the helm with swine-bodies_), 1454.
+
+ge-settan: 1) _to set, set down_: pret. part. swâ wäs ...þurh rûn-stafas
+rihte ge-mearcod, ge-seted and ge-sæd (_thus was ... in rune-staves rightly
+marked, set down and said_), 1697.--2) _to set, ordain, create_: pret. sg.
+ge-sette ... sunnan and mônan leóman tô leóhte land-bûendum, 94.--3) =
+componere, _to lay aside, smooth over, appease_: pret. sg. þät he mid þý
+wîfe wäl-fæhða ... dæl ... ge-sette, 2030.
+
+sêcan, w. v., _to follow after_, hence: 1) _to seek, strive for_, w. acc.:
+pret. sg. sinc-fät sôhte _(sought the costly cup_), 2301; ne sôhte
+searo-nîðas, 2739; so, 3068. Without acc.: þonne his myne sôhte (_than his
+wish demanded_), 2573; hord-weard sôhte georne äfter grunde (_the
+hoard-warden sought eagerly along the ground_), 2294.--2) _to look for,
+come_ or _go some whither, attain something_, w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe
+... biorgas sêceð, 2273; subj. þeáh þe hæð-stapa holt-wudu sêce, 1370;
+imper. sêc gif þu dyrre (_look for her_, i.e. Grendel's mother, _if thou
+dare_), 1380; inf. sêcean, 200, 268, 646, 1598, 1870, 1990, 2514(?), 3103,
+etc.; sêcan, 665, 1451; drihten sêcean (_seek, go to, the Lord_), 187;
+sêcean wyn-leás wîc (_Grendel was to seek a joyless place_, i.e. Hell),
+822; so, sêcan deófla gedräg, 757; sâwle sêcan (_seek the life, kill_),
+802; so, sêcean sâwle hord, 2423; gerund. säcce tô sêceanne, 2563; pret.
+sg. I., III. sôhte, 139, 208, 376, 417, 2224; II. sôhtest, 458; pl. sôhton,
+339.--3) _to seek, attack_: þe ûs sêceað tô Sweóna leóde, 3002; pret. pl.
+hine wräc-mäcgas ofer sæ sôhtan, 2381.
+
+ge-sêcan: 1) _to seek_, w. acc.: inf. gif he gesêcean dear wîg ofer wæpen,
+685.--2) _to look for, come_ or _go to attain_, w. acc.: inf. ge-sêcean,
+693; gerund, tô ge-sêcanne, 1923; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 463, 520, 718, 1952;
+pret. part. nom. pl. feor-cýððe beóð sêlran ge-sôhte þam þe hine selfa
+deáh, 1840.--3) _to seek with hostile intent, to attack_: pres. sg.
+ge-sêceð 2516; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 2347; pl. ge-sôhton, 2927; ge-sôhtan,
+2205.
+
+ofer-sêcan, w. acc., _to surpass, outdo_ (in an attack): pres. sg. wäs sió
+hond tô strong, se þe mêca gehwane ... swenge ofer-sôhte, þonne he tô säcce
+bär wæpen wundrum heard (_too strong was the hand, that surpassed every
+sword in stroke, when he_ [Beówulf] _bore the wondrous weapon to battle_,
+i.e. the hand was too strong for any sword; its strength made it useless in
+battle), 2687.
+
+sêl, st. f. See sæl.
+
+sêl, sæl, adj., _good, excellent, fit_, only in compar.: nom. sg. m. sêlra,
+861, 2194; þæm þær sêlra wäs (_to the one that was the better_, i.e.
+Hygelâc), 2200; deáð bið sêlla þonne edwît-lîf, 2891; neut. sêlre, 1385;
+acc. sg. m. sêlran þe (_a better than thee_), 1851; sêlran, 1198; neut. þät
+sêlre, 1760; dat. sg. m. sêlran sweord-frecan, 1469; nom. pl. fem. sêlran,
+1840. Superl., strong form: nom. sg. neut. sêlest, 173, 1060; hûsa sêlest,
+146, 285, 936; ôfost is sêlest, 256; bolda sêlest, 2327; acc. sg. neut.
+hrägla sêlest, 454; hûsa sêlest, 659; billa sêlest, 1145;--weak form: nom.
+sg. m. reced sêlesta, 412; acc. sg. m. þone sêlestan, 1407, 2383; (þäs,
+MS.), 1957; dat. sg. m. þäm sêlestan, 1686; nom. pl. sêlestan, 416; acc.
+pl. þâ sêlestan, 3123.
+
+sêl, compar. adv., _better, fitter, more excellent_, 1013, 2531; ne byð him
+wihte þê sêl (_he shall be nought the better for it_), 2278; so, 2688.
+
+sealma (Frisian selma, in bed-selma), w. m., _bed-chamber, sleeping-place_:
+acc. sg. on sealman, 2461.
+
+sealt, adj., _salty_: acc. sg. neut. ofer sealt wäter (_the sea_), 1990.
+
+searo (G. sarwa, pl.), st. n.: 1) _armor, accoutrements, war-gear_: nom.
+pl. sæ-manna searo, 329; dat. pl. secg on searwum (_a man, warrior, in
+panoply_), 249, 2701; in (on) searwum, 323, 1558; 2531, 2569; instr. pl.
+searwum, 1814.--2) _insidiae, ambuscade, waylaying, deception, battle_: þâ
+ic of searwum cwom, fâh from feóndum, 419.--3) _cunning, art, skill_:
+instr. pl. sadol searwum fâh (_saddle cunningly ornamented_), 1039;
+earmbeága fela, searwum ge-sæled (_many cunningly-linked armlets_),
+2765.--Comp. fyrd-, gûð-, inwit-searo.
+
+searo-bend, st. f., _band, bond, of curious workmanship_: instr. pl.
+searo-bendum fäst, 2087.
+
+searo-fâh, adj., _cunningly inlaid, ornamented, with gold_: nom. sg.
+here-byrne hondum ge-broden, sîd and searo-fâh, 1445.
+
+searo-ge-þräc, st. n., _heap of treasure-objects_: acc. sg., 3103.
+
+searo-gim, st. m., _cunningly set gem, rich jewel_: acc. pl. searo-gimmas,
+2750; gen. pl. searo-gimma, 1158.
+
+searo-grim, adj., _cunning and fierce_: nom. sg., 595.
+
+searo-häbbend, pres. part. as subst., _arms-bearing, warrior with his
+trappings_: gen. pl. searo-häbbendra, 237.
+
+searo-net, st. n., _armor-net, shirt of mail, corselet_: nom. sg., 406.
+
+searo-nîð, st. m.: 1) _cunning hostility, plot, wiles_: acc. pl.
+searo-nîðas, 1201, 2739.--2) also, only _hostility, feud, contest_: acc.
+pl. searo-nîðas, 3068; gen. pl. searo-nîða, 582.
+
+searo-þanc, st. m., _ingenuity_: instr. pl. searo-þoncum, 776.
+
+searo-wundor, st. n., _rare wonder_: acc. sg., 921.
+
+seax, st. n., _shortsword, hip-knife; dagger_: instr. sg. seaxe,
+1546.--Comp. wäl-seax.
+
+seax-ben, st. f., _dagger-wound_: instr. pl. siex-bennum, 2905.
+
+seofon, num., _seven_, 517; seofan, 2196; decl. acc. syfone, 3123.
+
+seomian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to be tied; lie at rest_: inf. siomian, 2768;
+pret. sg. seomode, 302.--2) w. acc., _to put in bonds, entrap, catch_:
+pret. sg. duguðe and geogoðe seomade (cf. 2086-2092), 161.
+
+seonu, st. f., _sinew_: nom. pl. seonowe, 818.
+
+seóc, adj., _feeble, weak; fatally ill_: nom. sg. feorh-bennum seóc (of
+Beówulf, _sick unto death_), 2741; siex-bennum seóc (of the dead dragon),
+2905; nom. pl. môdes seóce (_sick of soul_), 1604.--Comp.: ellen-, feorh-,
+heaðo-seóc.
+
+seóðan, st. v. w. acc., _to seethe, boil_; figuratively, _be excited over,
+brood_: pret. sg. ic þäs môd-ceare sorh-wylmum seáð (_I pined in
+heart-grief for that_), 1994; so, 190.
+
+seóloð, st. m.?, _bight, bay_ (cf. Dietrich in Haupt XI. 416): gen. pl.
+sióleða bi-gong (_the realm of bights_ = the [surface of the] sea?), 2368.
+
+seón, sýn, st. f., _aspect, sight_: in comp. wlite-, wundor-seón, an-sýn.
+
+seón, st. v., _to see_: a) w. acc.: inf. searo-wunder seón, 921; so, 387,
+1181, 1276, 3103; þær mäg nihta ge-hwæm nîð-wundor seón (_there may every
+night be seen a repulsive marvel_), 1366; pret. sg. ne seah ic ...
+heal-sittendra medudreám mâran, 2015.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.: ne
+seah ic elþeódige þus manige men môdiglîcran, 336.--c) w. prep. or adv.:
+pret. sg. seah on enta ge-weorc, 2718; seah on un-leófe, 2864; pl. folc tô
+sægon (_looked on_), 1423.
+
+ge-seón, _to see, behold_: a) w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe beáh ge-syhð,
+2042; inf. ge-seón, 396, 571, 649, 962, 1079, etc.; pret. sg. geseah, 247,
+927, 1558, 1614; pl. ge-sâwon, 1606, 2253.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.,
+pres. sg. III. ge-syhð ... on his suna bûre win-sele wêstne (_sees in his
+son's house the wine-hall empty_; or, _hall of friends_?), 2456.--c) w.
+inf.: pret. sg. ge-seah ... beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas (_saw shining
+shields borne over the gang-plank_), 229; pret. pl. mære mâððum-sweord
+monige ge-sâwon beforan beorn beran, 1024.--d) w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg.
+ge-seah, 729, 1517, 1586, 1663, 2543, 2605, etc.; pl. ge-sâwon, 221, 1348,
+1426; ge-sêgan, 3039; ge-sêgon, 3129.--e) w. depend, clause: inf. mäg þonne
+... geseón sunu Hrêðles, þät ic (_may the son of H. see that I..._), 1486;
+pret. pl. ge-sâwon, 1592.
+
+geond-seón, _to see, look through, over_, w. acc.: pret. sg. (ic) þät eall
+geond-seh, 3088.
+
+ofer-seón, _to see clearly, plainly_: pret. pl. ofer-sâwon, 419.
+
+on-seón, _to look on, at_, w. acc.: pret. pl. on-sâwon, 1651.
+
+seówian, w. v., _to sew, put together, link_: pret. part. searo-net seówed
+smiðes or-þancum (_the corselet woven by the smith's craft_), 406.
+
+sib, st. f., _peace, friendship, relationship_: nom. sg., 1165, 1858; sibb,
+2601; acc. sibbe, 950, 2432, 2923; instr. sg. sibbe (_in peace_?),
+154.--Comp.: dryht-, friðo-sib.
+
+sib-äðeling, st. m., _nobilis consanguineus, kindred prince_ or _nobleman_:
+nom. pl. -äðelingas, 2709.
+
+sibbe-gedryht, st. f., _body of allied_ or _related warriors_: acc. sg.
+sibbe-gedriht (the Danes), 387; (the Geátas), 730.
+
+siððan, syððan: 1) adv.: a) _since, after, from now on, further_, 142, 149,
+283, 567, 1903, 2052, 2065, 2176, 2703, 2807, 2921; seoððan, 1876.--b)
+_then, thereupon, after_, 470, 686, 1454, 1557, 1690, 2208; seoððan, 1938;
+ær ne siððan (_neither before nor after_), 719.
+
+2) Conj.: a) w. ind. pres., _as soon as, when_, 413, 605, 1785, 2889,
+2912.--b) w. ind. pret., _when, whilst_, 835, 851, 1205, 1207, 1421, 1590,
+2357, 2961, 2971, 3128; seoððan, 1776;--_since_, 649, 657, 983, 1199, 1254,
+1309, 2202;--_after_, either with pluperf.: siððan him scyppend forscrifen
+häfde (_after the Creator had proscribed him_), 106; so, 1473; or with
+pret. = pluperf.: syððan niht becom (_after night had come on_), 115; so,
+6, 132, 723, 887, 902, 1078, 1149, 1236, 1262, 1282, 1979, 2013, 2125; or
+pret. and pluperf. together, 2104-2105.
+
+siex. See seax.
+
+sige-dryhten, st. m., _lord of victory, victorious lord_: nom. sg.
+sige-drihten, 391.
+
+sige-eádig, adj., _blest with victory, victorious_: acc. sg. neut.
+sige-eádig bil, 1558.
+
+sige-folc, st. n., _victorious people, troop_: gen. pl. sige-folca, 645.
+
+sige-hrêð, st. f., _confidence of victory_(?): acc. sg., 490. See Note.
+
+sige-hrêðig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 94, 1598, 2757.
+
+sige-hwîl, st. f., _hour_ or _day of victory_: gen. sg. sige-hwîle, 2711.
+
+sige-leás, adj., _devoid of victory, defeated_: acc. sg. sige-leásne sang,
+788.
+
+sige-rôf, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 620.
+
+sige-þeód, st. f., _victorious warrior troop_: dat. sg. on sige-þeóde,
+2205.
+
+sige-wæpen, st. n., _victor-weapon, sword_: dat. pl. sige-wæpnum, 805.
+
+sigl, st. n.: 1) _sun_: nom. sg. sigel, 1967.--2) _sun-shaped ornament_:
+acc. pl. siglu, 3165; sigle (bracteates of a necklace), 1201; gen. pl.
+sigla, 1158.--Comp. mâððum-sigl.
+
+sigor, st. m., _victory_: gen. sg. sigores, 1022; gen. pl. sigora, 2876,
+3056.--Comp.: hrêð-, wîg-sigor.
+
+sigor-eádig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg. sigor-eádig secg (of Beówulf),
+1312, 2353.
+
+sin. See syn.
+
+sinc, st. n., _treasure, jewel, property_: nom. sg., 2765; acc. sg. sinc,
+81, 1205, 1486, 2384, 2432; instr. sg. since, 1039, 1451, 1616, 1883, 2218,
+2747; gen. sg. sinces, 608, 1171, 1923, 2072; gen. pl. sinca, 2429.
+
+sinc-fâh, adj., _treasure-decked_: acc. sg. neut. weak form, sinc-fâge sel,
+167.
+
+sinc-fät, st. n., _costly vessel_: acc. sg., 2232, 2301;--_a costly
+object_: acc. sg., 1201 (i.e. mene); acc. pl. sinc-fato, 623.
+
+sinc-ge-streón, st. n., _precious treasure, jewel of value _: instr. pl.
+-gestreónum, 1093; gen. pl. -gestreóna, 1227.
+
+sinc-gifa, w. m., _jewel-giver, treasure-giver = prince, ruler_: acc. sg.
+sinc-gyfan, 1013; dat. sg. sinc-gifan (of Beówulf), 2312; (of Äschere),
+1343.
+
+sinc-mâððum, st. m., _treasure_: nom. sg., 2194.
+
+sinc-þego, f., _acceptance, taking, of jewels_: nom. sg., 2885.
+
+sin-dolh, st. n., _perpetual_, i.e. incurable, _wound_: nom. sg. syn-dolh,
+818.
+
+sin-freá, w. m., _wedded lord, husband_: nom. sg., 1935.
+
+sin-gal, adj., _continual, lasting_: acc. sg. fem, sin-gale säce, 154.
+
+sin-gales, adv. gen. sg., _continually, ever_, 1778; syngales, 1136.
+
+singala, adv. gen. pl., the same, 190.
+
+singan, st. v., _to sound, ring, sing_: pret. sg. hring-îren scîr song in
+searwum (_the ringed iron rang in the armor_), 323; horn stundum song
+fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leóð (_at times the horn rang forth a ready battle-song_),
+1424; scôp hwîlum sang (_the singer sang at whiles_), 496.
+
+â-singan, _to sing out, sing to an end_: pret. part. leóð wäs â-sungen,
+1160.
+
+sin-here, st. m., (_army without end_?), _strong army, host_: instr. sg.
+sin-herge, 2937.
+
+sin-niht, st. f., _perpetual night, night after night_: acc. pl. sin-nihte
+(_night after night_), 161.
+
+sin-sceaða, w. m., _irreconcilable foe_: nom. sg. syn-scaða, 708; acc. sg.
+syn-scaðan, 802.
+
+sin-snæd, st. f., (_continuous biting_) _bite after bite_: dat. pl.
+syn-snædum swealh (_swallowed bite after bite, in great bites_), 744.
+
+sittan, st. v.: 1) _to sit_: pres. sg. Wîglâf siteð ofer Biówulfe, 2907;
+imper. sg. site nu tô symle, 489; inf. þær swîð-ferhðe sittan eodon
+(_whither the strong-minded went and sat_), 493; eode ... tô hire freán
+sittan (_went to sit by her lord_), 642; pret. sg. on wicge sät (_sat on
+the horse_), 286; ät fôtum sät (_sat at the feet_), 500, 1167; þær Hrôðgâr
+sät (_where H. sat_), 356; so, 1191, 2895; he gewêrgad sät ... freán eaxlum
+neáh, 2854; pret. pl. sæton, 1165; gistas sêtan (MS. sêcan) ... and on mere
+staredon (_the strangers sat and stared on the sea_), 1603.--2) _to be in a
+certain state_ or _condition_ (_quasi_ copula): pret. sg. mære þeóden ...
+unblîðe sät, 130.--Comp.: flet-, heal-sittend.
+
+be-sittan, obsidere, _to surround, besiege_, w. acc.: besät þâ sin-herge
+sweorda lâfe wundum wêrge (_then besieged he with a host the leavings of
+the sword, wound-weary_), 2937.
+
+for-sittan, obstrui, _to pass away, fail_: pres. sg. eágena bearhtm
+for-siteð (_the light of the eyes passeth away_), 1768.
+
+ge-sittan: 1) _to sit, sit together_: pret. sg. monig-oft ge-sät rîce to
+rûne (_very often sat the king deliberating with his council_ (see rîce),
+171; wið earm ge-sät (_supported himself upon his arm, sat on his arm_?),
+750; fêða eal ge-sät (_the whole troop sat down_), 1425; ge-sät þâ wið
+sylfne (_sat there beside, near to, him_, i.e. Hygelâc), 1978;
+
+ge-sät þâ on nässe, 2418; so, 2718; pret. part. (syððan) ... we tô symble
+ge-seten häfdon, 2105.--2) w. acc., _to seat one's self upon_ or _in
+something, to board_: pret. sg. þâ ic ... sæ-bât ge-sät, 634.
+
+of-sittan, w. acc., _to sit over_ or _upon_: pret. sg. of-sät þâ þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+ofer-sittan, w. acc., _to dispense with, refrain from_ (cf. ofer, 2 [c]):
+pres. sg. I. þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan gylp ofer-sitte, 2529; inf. secge
+ofer-sittan, 685.
+
+on-sittan (O.H.G. int-sizzan, _to start from one's seat, to be startled_),
+w. acc., _to fear_: inf. þâ fæhðe, atole ecg-þräce eówer leóde sîwðe
+onsittan _to dread the hostility, the fierce contest, of your people_, 598.
+
+ymb-sittan, _to sit around_, w. acc.: pret. pl. (þät hie) ... symbel
+ymb-sæton (_sat round the feast_), 564. See ymb-sittend.
+
+sîd, adj.: 1) _wide, broad, spacious, large_: nom. sg. (here-byrne, glôf)
+sîd, 1445, 2087; acc. sg. m. sîdne scyld, 437; on sîdne sæ, 507; fem.
+byrnan sîde (of a corselet extending over the legs), 1292; ofer sæ sîde,
+2395; neut. sîde rîce, 1734, 2200; instr. sg. sîdan herge, 2348; acc. pl.
+sîde sæ-nässas, 223; sîde scyldas, 325; gen. pl. sîdra sorga (_of great
+sorrows_), 149.--2) in moral sense, _great, noble_: acc. sg. þurh sîdne
+sefan, 1727.
+
+side, adv., _far and wide, afar_, 1224.
+
+sîd-fäðme, adj., _broad-bosomed_: acc. sg. sîd-fäðme scip, 1918.
+
+sîd-fäðmed, _quasi_ pret. part., the same: nom. sg. sîd-fäðmed scip, 302.
+
+sîd-rand, st. m., _broad shield_: nom. sg., 1290.
+
+sîð (G. seþu-s), adj., _late_: superl. nom. sg. sîðast sige-hwîle (_the
+last hour, day, of victory_), 2711; dat. sg. ät sîðestan (_in the end, at
+last_), 3014.
+
+sîð, adv. compar., _later_: ær and sîð (_sooner and later, early and
+late_), 2501.
+
+sîð (G. sinþ-s), st. m.: l) _road, way, journey, expedition_; esp., _road
+to battle_: nom. sg., 501, 3059, 3090; näs þät êðe sîð (_that was no easy
+road, task_), 2587; so, þät wäs geócor sîð, 766; acc. sg. sîð, 353, 512,
+909, 1279, 1430, 1967; instr. dat. sîðe, 532, 1952, 1994; gen. sg. sîðes,
+579, 1476, 1795, 1909. Also, _return_: nom. sg., 1972.--2) _undertaking,
+enterprise_; esp., _battle-work_: nom. sg. nis þät eówer sîð, 2533; ne bið
+swylc earges sîð (_such is no coward's enterprise_), 2542; acc. sg. sîð,
+873. In pl.= _adventures_: nom. sîðas, 1987; acc. sîðas, 878; gen. sîða,
+318.--3) time (as iterative): nom. sg. näs þät forma sîð (_that was not the
+first time_), 717, 1464; so, 1528, 2626; acc. sg. oftor micle þonne on ænne
+sîð, 1580; instr. sg. (forman, ôðre, þriddan) sîðe, 741, 1204, 2050, 2287,
+2512, 2518, 2671, 2689, 3102.--Comp.: cear-, eft-, ellor-, gryre-, sæ-,
+wil-, wræc-sîð.
+
+ge-sîð, st. m., _comrade, follower_: gen. sg. ge-sîðes, 1298; nom. pl.
+ge-sîðas, 29; acc. pl. ge-sîðas, 2041, 2519; dat. pl. ge-sîðum, 1314, 1925,
+2633; gen. pl. ge-sîða, 1935.--Comp.: eald-, wil-gesîð.
+
+sîð-fät, st. m., _way, journey_: acc. sg. þone sîð-fät, 202; dat. sg.
+sîð-fate, 2640.
+
+sîð-fram, -from, adj., _ready for the journey_: nom. pl. sîð-frome, 1814.
+
+sîðian, w. v., _to journey, march_: inf., 721, 809; pret. sg. sîðode, 2120.
+
+for-sîðian, _iter fatale inire_ (Grein): pret. sg. häfde þâ for-sîðod sunu
+Ecg-þeówes under gynne grund _(would have found his death_, etc.), 1551.
+
+sîe, sý. See wesan.
+
+sîgan, st. v., _to descend, sink, incline_: pret. pl. sigon ät-somne
+(_descended together_), 307; sigon þâ tô slæpe _(they sank to sleep_),
+1252.
+
+ge-sîgan, _to sink, fall_: inf. ge-sîgan ät säcce (_fall in battle_), 2660.
+
+sîn, poss. pron., _his_: acc. sg. m. sînne, 1961, 1985, 2284, 2790; dat.
+sg. sînum, 1508.
+
+slæp, st. m., _sleep_: nom. sg., 1743; dat. sg. tô slæpe, 1252.
+
+slæpan, st. v., _to sleep_: pres. part. nom. sg. slæpende, 2220; acc. sg.
+he gefêng ... slæpendne rinc (_seized a sleeping warrior]_, 742; acc. pl.
+slæpende frät folces Denigea fîftyne men _(devoured, sleeping, fifteen of
+the people of the Danes_), 1582.
+
+sleac, adj., _slack, lazy_: nom. sg., 2188.
+
+sleahan, sleán: 1) _to strike, strike at_: a) intrans.: pres. subj. sg. þät
+he me ongeán sleá (_that he should strike at me_), 682; pret. sg. yrringa
+slôh (_struck angrily_), 1566; so, slôh hilde-bille, 2680. b) trans.: pret.
+sg. þät he þone nîð-gäst nioðor hwêne slôh _(that he struck the dragon
+somewhat lower_, etc.), 2700.--2) w. acc.: _to slay, kill_: pret. sg. þäs
+þe he Abel slôg (_because he slew A._), 108; so, slôg, 421, 2180; slôh,
+1582, 2356; pl. slôgon, 2051; pret. part. þâ wäs Fin slägen, 1153.
+
+ge-sleán, w. acc.: 1) _to fight a battle_: pret. sg. ge-slôh þîn fäder
+fæhðe mæste, 459.--2) _to gain by fighting_: syððan hie þâ mærða ge-slôgon,
+2997.
+
+of-sleán, _to ofslay, kill_, w. acc.: pret. sg. of-slôh, 574, 1666, 3061.
+
+slîðe (G. sleiþ-s), adj., _savage, fierce, dangerous_: acc. sg. þurh slîðne
+nîð, 184; gen. pl. slîðra ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+slîðen, adj., _furious, savage, deadly_ nom. sg. sweord-bealo slîðen, 1148.
+
+slîtan, st. v., _to slit, tear to pieces_, w. acc.: pret. sg. slât
+(slæpendne rinc), 742.
+
+slyht, st. m., _blow_: in comp. and-slyht.
+
+ge-slyht, st. n. (collective), _battle, conflict_: gen. pl. slîðra
+ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+smið, st. m., _smith, armorer_: nom. sg. wæpna smið, 1453; gen. sg. smiðes,
+406.--Comp. wundor-smið.
+
+be-smiðian, w. v., _to surround with iron-work, bands_, etc.: pret. part.
+he (the hall Heorot) þäs fäste wäs innan and ûtan îren-bendum searo-þoncum
+besmiðod (i.e. the beams out of which the hall was built were held together
+skilfully, within and without, by iron clamps), 776.
+
+snell, adj., _fresh, vigorous, lively; of martial temper_: nom. sg. se
+snella, 2972.
+
+snellîc, adj., the same: nom. sg., 691.
+
+snotor, snottor, adj., _clever, wise, intelligent_: nom. sg. snotor, 190,
+827, 909, 1385; in weak form, (se) snottra, 1314, 1476, 1787; snotra, 2157,
+3121; nom. pl. snotere, 202, 416; snottre, 1592.--Comp. fore-snotor.
+
+snotor-lîce, adv., _intelligently, wisely_: compar. snotor-lîcor, 1483.
+
+snûde, adv., _hastily, quickly, soon_, 905, 1870, 1972, 2326, 2569, 2753.
+
+be-snyðian, w. v., _to rob, deprive of_: pret. sg. þätte Ongenþió ealdre
+be-snyðede Hæðcyn, 2925.
+
+snyrian, w. v., _to hasten, hurry_: pret. pl. snyredon ät-somne (_hurried
+forward together_), 402.
+
+snyttru, f., _intelligence, wisdom_: acc. sg. snyttru, 1727; dat. pl. mid
+môdes snyttrum, 1707; þe we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed
+which all of us together could not accomplish before with all our wisdom_),
+943. Adv., _wisely_, 873.
+
+somne. See samne.
+
+sorgian, w. v.: 1) _to be grieved, sorrow_: imper. sg. II. ne sorga!
+1385.--2) _to care for, trouble one's self about_: inf. nô þu ymb mînes ne
+þearft lîces feorme leng sorgian (_thou needst not care longer about my
+life's [body's] sustenance_), 451.
+
+sorh, st. f., _grief, pain, sorrow_: nom. sg., 1323; sorh is me tô secganne
+(_pains me to say_), 473; acc. sg. sorge, 119, 2464; dat. instr. sg. mid
+þære sorge, 2469; sorge (_in sorrow, grieved_), 1150; gen. sg. worna fela
+... sorge, 2005; dat. pl. sorgum, 2601; gen. pl. sorga, 149.--Comp.: hyge-,
+inwit-, þegn-sorh.
+
+sorh-cearig, adj., _curis sollicitus, heart-broken_: nom. sg., 2456.
+
+sorh-ful, adj., _sorrowful, troublesome, difficult_: nom. sg., 2120; acc.
+sg. sorh-fullne (sorh-fulne) sîð, 512, 1279, 1430.
+
+sorh-leás, adj., _free from sorrow_ or _grief_: nom. sg., 1673.
+
+sorh-leoð, st. n., _dirge, song of sorrow_: acc. sg., 2461.
+
+sorh-wylm, st. m., _wave of sorrow_ nom. pl. sorh-wylmas, 905.
+
+sôcn, st. f., _persecution, hostile pursuit_ or _attack_ (see sêcan): dat,
+(instr.) þære sôcne (by reason of Grendel's persecution), 1778.
+
+sôð, st. n., _sooth, truth_:: acc. sg. sôð, 532, 701, 1050, 1701, 2865;
+dat. sg. tô sôðe (_in truth_), 51, 591, 2326.
+
+sôð, adj., _true, genuine_: nom. sg, þät is sôð metod, 1612; acc. sg. n.
+gyd âwräc sôð and sâr-lîc, 2110.
+
+sôðe, adv., _truly, correctly, accurately_, 524; sôðe gebunden (of
+alliterative verse: _accurately put together_), 872.
+
+sôð-cyning, st. m., _true king_: nom. sg. sigora sôð-cyning (_God_), 3056.
+
+sôð-fäst, adj., _soothfast, established in truth, orthodox_ (here used of
+the Christian martyrs): gen. pl. sôð-fästra dôm (_glory, realm, of the
+saints_), 2821.
+
+sôð-lîce, adv., _in truth, truly, truthfully_, 141, 273, 2900.
+
+sôfte, adv., _gently, softly_: compar. þý sêft (_the more easily_),
+2750.--Comp. un-sôfte.
+
+sôna, adv., _soon, immediately_, 121, 722, 744, 751, 1281, 1498, 1592,
+1619, 1763, etc.
+
+on-spannan, st. v., _to un-span, unloose_: pret. sg. his helm on-speón
+(_loosed his helm_), 2724.
+
+spel, st. n., _narrative, speech_: acc. sg. spell, 2110; acc. pl. spel,
+874; gen. pl. spella, 2899, 3030.--Comp. weá-spel.
+
+spêd, st. f.: 1) _luck, success_: in comp. here-, wîg-spêd.--2) _skill,
+facility_: acc. sg. on spêd (_skilfully_), 874.
+
+spîwan, st. v., _to spit, spew_, w. instr.: inf. glêdum spîwan (_spit
+fire_), 2313
+
+spor, st. n., _spur_: in comp. hand-spor.
+
+spôwan, st. v., _to speed well, help, avail_: pret. sg. him wiht ne speów
+(_availed him naught_), 2855; hû him ät æte speów (_how he sped in the
+eating_), 3027.
+
+spræc, st. f., _speech, language_: instr. sg. frêcnan spræce (_through
+bold, challenging, discourse_), 1105.--Comp.: æfen-, gylp-spræc.
+
+sprecan, st. v., _to speak_: inf. ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel
+_(I shall go on speaking about G._), 2070; w. acc. se þe wyle sôð sprecan
+(_he who will speak the truth_), 2865; imper. tô Geátum sprec (spræc, MS.),
+1172; pret. sg. III. spräc, 1169, 1699, 2511, 2725; word äfter spräc, 341;
+nô ymbe þâ fæhðe spräc, 2619; II. hwät þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spræce
+(_how much thou hast spoken of Breca!_), 531; pl. hwät wit geó spræcon
+(_what we two spoke of before_), 1477; gomele ymb gôdne on-geador spræcon,
+þät big ... _(the graybeards spoke together about the valiant one, that
+they ..._), 1596; swâ wit furðum spræcon (_as we two spoke, engaged,
+before_), 1708; pret. part. þâ wäs ... þryð-word sprecen, 644.
+
+ge-sprecan, w. acc., _to speak_: pret. sg. ge-spräc, 676, 1399, 1467, 3095.
+
+spreót, st. m., _pole; spear, pike_: in comp. eofor-spreót.
+
+springan, st. v., _to jump, leap; flash_: pret. sg. hrâ wîde sprong _(the
+body bounded far_), 1589; swât ædrum sprong forð under fexe (_the blood
+burst out in streams from under his hair_), 2967; pl. wîde sprungon
+hilde-leóman (_flashed afar_), 2583. Also figuratively: blæd wîde sprang
+(_his repute spread afar_), 18.
+
+ge-springan, _to spring forth_: pret. sg. swâ þät blôd ge-sprang (_as the
+blood burst forth_), 1668. Figuratively, _to arise, originate_: pret. sg.
+Sigemunde gesprong äfter deáð-däge dôm un-lytel, 885.
+
+on-springan, _to burst in two, spring asunder_: pret. pl. seonowe
+onsprungon, burston bânlocan 818.
+
+standan, st. v.: 1) absolutely or with prep., _to stand_: pres. III. pl.
+eóred-geatwe þe ge þær on standað (_the warlike accoutrements wherein ye
+there stand_), 2867; inf. ge-seah ... orcas stondan (_saw vessels
+standing_), 2761; pret. sg. ät hýðe stôd hringed-stefna (_in the harbor
+stood the curved-prowed?, metal-covered?, ship_), 32; stôd on stapole
+(_stood near the [middle] column_), 927; so, 1914, 2546; þät him on aldre
+stôd here-stræl hearda (_that the sharp war-arrow stood in his vitals_),
+1435; so, 2680; pl. gâras stôdon ... samod ät-gädere (_the spears stood
+together_), 328; him big stôdan bunan and orcas (_by him stood cans and
+pots_), 3048. Also of still water: pres. sg. III. nis þät feor heonon ...
+þät se mere standeð, 1363.--2) with predicate adj., _to stand, continue in
+a certain state_: subj. pres. þät þes sele stande ... rinca ge-hwylcum îdel
+and unnyt (_that this hall stands empty and useless for every warrior_),
+411; inf. hord-wynne fand eald uht-sceaða opene standan, 2272; pret. sg. ôð
+þät îdel stôd hûsa sêlest, 145; so, 936; wäter under stôd dreórig and
+ge-drêfed, 1418--3) _to belong_ or _attach to; issue_: pret. sg. Norð-Denum
+stôd atelîc egesa (_great terror clung to, overcame, the North Danes_),
+784; þâra ânum stôd sadol searwum fâh (_on one of the steeds lay an
+ingeniously-inlaid saddle_), 1038; byrne-leóma eldum on andan (_burning
+light stood forth, a horror to men_), 2314; leóht inne stôd (_a light stood
+in it_, i.e. the sword), 1571; him of eágum stôd ... leóht unfäger (_an
+uncanny light issued from his eyes_), 727; so, þät [fram] þam gyste
+[gryre-] brôga stôd, 2229.
+
+â-standan, _to stand up, arise_: pret. sg. â-stôd, 760, 1557, 2093.
+
+ät-standan, _to stand at, near_, or _in_: pret. sg. þät hit (i.e. þät
+swurd) on wealle ät-stôd, 892.
+
+for-standan, _to stand against_ or _before_, hence: 1) _to hinder,
+prevent_: pret. sg. (breóst-net) wið ord and wið ecge in-gang for-stôd
+(_the shirt of mail prevented point or edge from entering_), 1550; subj.
+nefne him witig god wyrd for-stôde (_if the wise God had not warded off
+such a fate from them_, i.e. the men threatened by Grendel), 1057.--2)
+_defend_, w. dat. of person against whom: inf. þät he ... mihte
+heáðo-lîðendum hord for-standan, bearn and brýde (_that he might protect
+his treasure, his children, and his spouse from the sea-farers_), 2956.
+
+ge-standan, intrans., _to stand_: pret. sg. ge-stôd, 358, 404, 2567; pl.
+nealles him on heápe hand-gesteallan ... ymbe gestôdon (_not at all did his
+boon-companions stand serried around him_), 2597.
+
+stapa, w. m., _stepper, strider_: in comp. hæð-, mearc-stapa.
+
+stapan, st. v., _to step, stride, go forward_: pret. sg. eorl furður stôp,
+762; gum-fêða stop lind-häbbendra (_the troop of shield-warriors strode
+on_), 1402.
+
+ät-stapan, _to stride up_ or _to_: pret. sg. forð neár ät-stôp (_strode up
+nearer_), 746.
+
+ge-stapan, _to walk, stride_: pret. sg. he to forð gestôp dyrnan cräfte,
+dracan heáfde neáh (_he_, i.e. the man that robbed the dragon of the
+vessel, _had through hidden craft come too near the dragon's head_), 2290.
+
+stapol, st. m., (=[Greek: básis]), _trunk of a tree_; hence, _support,
+pillar, column_: dat. sg. stôd on stapole (_stood by_ or _near the wooden
+middle column of Heorot_), 927; instr. pl. þâ stân-bogan stapulum fäste
+(_the arches of stone upheld by pillars_), 2719. See Note.
+
+starian, w. v., _to stare, look intently at_: pres. sg. I. þät ic on þone
+hafelan ... eágum starige (_that I see the head with my eyes_), 1782; þâra
+frätwa ... þe ic her on starie (_for the treasures ... that I here look
+upon_), 2797; III. þonne he on þät sine starað, 1486; sg. for pl. þâra þe
+on swylc starað, 997; pret. sg. þät (sin-freá) hire an däges eágum starede,
+1936; pl. on mere staredon, 1604.
+
+stân, st. m., 1) _stone_: in comp. eorclan-stân.--2) _rock_: acc. sg. under
+(ofer) hârne stân, 888, 1416, 2554, 2745; dat. sg. stâne, 2289, 2558.
+
+stân-beorh, st. m., _rocky elevation, stony mountain_: acc. sg. stân-beorh
+steápne, 2214.
+
+stân-boga, w. m., _stone arch, arch hewn out of the rock_: dat. sg.
+stân-bogan, 2546; nom. pl. stân-bogan, 2719.
+
+stân-clif, st. n., _rocky cliff_: acc. pl. stân-cleofu, 2541.
+
+stân-fâh, adj., _stone-laid, paved with stones of different colors_: nom.
+sg. stræt wäs stân-fâh (_the street was of different colored stones_), 320.
+
+stân-hlið, st. n., _rocky slope_: acc. pl. stân-hliðo, 1410.
+
+stäf, st. m.: 1) _staff_: in comp. rûn-staf.--2) _elementum_: in comp. âr-,
+ende-, fâcen-stäf.
+
+stäl, st. m., _place, stead_: dat. sg. þät þu me â wære forð-gewitenum on
+fäder stäle (_that thou, if I died, wouldst represent a father's place to
+me_), 1480.
+
+stælan, w. v., _to place; allure_ or _instigate_: inf. þâ ic on morgne
+ge-frägn mæg ôðerne billes ecgum on bonan stælan _(then I learned that on
+the morrow one brother instigated the other to murder with the sword's
+edge_; or, _one avenged the other on the murderer_?, cf. 2962 seqq.), 2486.
+
+ge-stælan, _to place, impose, institute_: pret. part. ge feor hafað fæhðe
+ge-stæled (_Grendel's mother has further begun hostilities against us_),
+1341.
+
+stede, st. m., _place, -stead_: in comp. bæl-, burh-, folc-, heáh-, meðel-,
+wang-, wîc-stede.
+
+stefn, st. f., _voice_: nom. sg., 2553; instr. sg. niwan (niówan) stefne
+(properly novâ voce) = denuo, _anew, again_, 2595, 1790.
+
+stefn, st. m., _prow of a ship_: acc. sg., 213; see bunden-, hringed-,
+wunden-stefna.
+
+on-stellan, w. v., _constituere, to cause, bring about_: pret. sg. se þäs
+or-leges ôr on-stealde, 2408.
+
+steng, st. m., _pole, pike_: in comp wäl-steng.
+
+ge-steppan, w. v., _to stride, go_: pret. sg. folce ge-stepte ofer sæ sîde
+sunu Ôhtheres (_O.'s son_, i.e. Eádgils, _went with warriors over the broad
+sea_), 2394.
+
+stede (O.H.G. stâti, M.H.G. stæte), adj., _firm, steady_: nom. sg. wäs
+stêde nägla ge-hwylc stýle ge-lîcost (_each nail-place was firm as steel_),
+986.
+
+stêpan, w. v. w. acc., _to exalt, honor_: pret. sg. þeáh þe hine mihtig god
+... eafeðum stêpte, 1718.
+
+ge-steald, st. n., _possessions, property_: in comp. in-gesteald, 1156.
+
+ge-stealla, w. m., (contubernalis), _companion, comrade_: in comp. eaxl-,
+fyrd-, hand-, lind-, nýd-ge-stealla.
+
+stearc-heort, adj., (fortis animo), _stout-hearted, courageous_: nom. sg.
+(of the dragon), 2289; (of Beówulf), 2553.
+
+steáp, adj., _steep, projecting, towering_: acc. sg. steápne hrôf, 927;
+stân-beorh steápne, 2214; wið steápne rond, 2567; acc. pl. m. beorgas
+steápe, 222; neut. steáp stân-hliðo, 1410.--Comp. heaðo-steáp.
+
+stille, adj., _still, quiet_: nom. sg. wîd-floga wundum stille, 2831.
+
+stille, adv., _quietly_, 301.
+
+stincan, st. v., _to smell; snuff_: pret. sg. stonc þâ äfter stâne
+(_snuffed along the stone_), 2289.
+
+stîð, adj., _hard, stiff_: nom. sg. wunden-mæl (swurd) ... stîð and
+stýlecg, 1534.
+
+stîð-môd, adj., _stout-hearted, unflinching_: nom. sg., 2567.
+
+stîg, st. m., _way, path_: nom. sg., 320, 2214; acc. pl. stîge nearwe,
+1410--Comp. medu-stîg.
+
+stîgan, st. v., _to go, ascend_: pret. sg. þâ he tô holme [st]âg (_when he
+plunged forward into the sea_), 2363; pl. beornas ... on stefn stigon, 212;
+Wedera leóde on wang stigon, 225; subj. pret. ær he on bed stige, 677.
+
+â-stîgan, _to ascend_: pres. sg. þonon ýð-geblond up â-stîgeð won tô
+wolcnum, 1374; gûð-rinc â-stâh (_the fierce hero ascended_, i.e. was laid
+on the pyre? or, _the fierce smoke_ [rêc] _ascended?_), 1119; gamen eft
+â-stâh (_joy again went up, resounded_), 1161; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of
+swioðole, 3145; swêg up â-stâg, 783.
+
+ge-stîgan, _to ascend, go up_: pret. sg. þâ ic on holm ge-stâh, 633.
+
+storm, st. m., _storm_: nom. sg. stræla storm (_storm of missiles_), 3118;
+instr. sg. holm storme weól (_the sea billowed stormily_), 1132.
+
+stôl, st. m., _chair, throne, seat_: in comp. brego-, êðel-, gif-,
+gum-stôl.
+
+stôw, st. f., _place, -stow_: nom. sg. nis þät heóru stôw (_a haunted
+spot_), 1373; acc. sg. frêcne stôwe, 1379; grund-bûendra gearwe stôwe _(the
+place prepared for men_, i.e. death-bed; see gesacan and ge-nýdan), 1007:
+comp. wäl-stow.
+
+strang, strong, adj., _strong; valiant; mighty_: nom. sg. wäs þät ge-win tô
+strang (_that sorrow was too great_), 133; þu eart mägenes strang (_strong
+of body_), 1845; wäs sió hond tô strong (_the hand was too powerful_),
+2685; superl. wîgena strengest (_strongest of warriors_), 1544; mägenes
+strengest (_strongest in might_), 196; mägene strengest, 790.
+
+strâdan? (cf. stræde = passus, gressus), _to tread_, (be)-_stride, stride
+over_ (Grein): subj. pres. se þone wong strâde, 3074. See Note.
+
+stræl, st. m., _arrow, missile_: instr. sg. biteran stræle, 1747; gen. pl.
+stræla storm, 3118.
+
+stræt, st. f., _street, highway_: nom. sg., 320; acc. sg. stræte, 1635;
+fealwe stræte, 917.--Comp.: lagu-, mere-stræt.
+
+strengel, st. m., (_endowed with strength_), _ruler, chief_: acc. sg.
+wîgena strengel, 3116.
+
+strengo, st. f., _strength, power, violence_: acc. sg. mägenes strenge,
+1271; dat. sg. strenge, 1534; strengo, 2541;--dat. pl. strengum =
+_violently, powerfully_ [_loosed from the strings_?], 3118: in comp.
+hilde-, mägen-, mere-strengo.
+
+strêgan (O.S. strôwian), w. v., _to strew, spread_: pret. part, wäs þäm
+yldestan ... morðorbed strêd (_the death-bed was spread for the eldest
+one_), 2437.
+
+streám, st. m., _stream, flood, sea_: acc. sg. streám, 2546; nom. pl.
+streámas, 212; acc. pl. streámas, 1262: comp. brim-, eágor-, firgen-,
+lagu-streám.
+
+ge-streón (cf. streón = robur, vis), st. n., _property, possessions_;
+hence, _valuables, treasure, jewels_: nom. pl. Heaðo-beardna ge-streón
+(_the costly treasure of the Heathobeardas_, i.e. the accoutrements
+belonging to the slain H.), 2038; acc. pl. äðelinga, eorla ge-streón, 1921,
+3168.--Comp.: ær-, eald-, eorl-, heáh-, hord-, long-, mâðm-, sinc-,
+þeód-ge-streón.
+
+strûdan, st. v., _to plunder, carry off_: subj. pres. näs þâ on hlytme hwâ
+þät hord strude, 3127.
+
+ge-strýnan, w. v. w. acc., _to acquire, gain_: inf. þäs þe (_because_) ic
+môste mînum leódum ... swylc ge-strýnan, 2799.
+
+stund, st. f., _time, space of time, while_: adv. dat. pl. stundum (_at
+times_), 1424.
+
+styrian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to arrange, put in order, tell_: inf. secg eft
+on-gan sîð Beówulfes snyttrum styrian (_the poet then began to tell B.'s
+feat skilfully_, i.e. put in poetic form), 873.--2) _to rouse, stir up_:
+pres. sg. III. þonne wind styreð lâð ge-widru (_when the wind stirreth up
+the loathly weather_), 1375.--3) _to move against, attack, disturb_: subj.
+pres. þät he ... hring-sele hondum styrede (_that he should attack the
+ring-hall with his hands_), 2841.
+
+styrman, w. v., _to rage, cry out_: pret. sg. styrmde, 2553.
+
+stýle, st. n., _steel_: dat. sg. stýle, 986.
+
+stýl-ecg, adj., _steel-edged_: nom. sg., 1534.
+
+be-stýman, w. v., _to inundate, wet, flood_: pret. part. (wæron) eal
+benc-þelu blôde be-stýmed, 486.
+
+suhtor-ge-fäderan (collective), w. m. pl., _uncle and nephew, father's
+brother and brother's son_: nom. pl., 1165.
+
+sum, pron.: 1) indef., _one, a, any, a certain_; neut. _something_: a)
+without part. gen.: nom. sg. sum, 1252; hilde-rinc sum, 3125; neut. ne
+sceal þær dyrne sum wesan (_naught there shall be hidden_), 271; acc. sg.
+m. sumne, 1433; instr. sg. sume worde (_by a word, expressly_), 2157; nom.
+pl. sume, 400, 1114; acc. pl. sume, 2941. b) with part. gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena sum (_one of men, a man_), 1500, 2302; mere-hrägla sum, 1906; þät
+wäs wundra sum, 1608; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, 676. c) with gen. of
+cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fîftena sum (_one of fifteen,
+with fourteen companions_), 207; so, eahta sum, 3124; feára sum (_one of
+few, with a few_), 1413; acc. sg. manigra sumne (_one of many, with many_),
+2092; manna cynnes sumne (_one of the men_), i.e. one of the watchmen in
+Heorot), 714; feára sumne (_some few, one of few_; or, _one of the foes_?),
+3062.--2) with part. gen. sum sometimes = _this, that, the
+afore-mentioned_: nom. sg. eówer sum (_a certain one, that one, of you_,
+i.e. Beówulf), 248; gûð-beorna sum (_the afore-mentioned warrior_, i.e. who
+had shown the way to Hrôðgâr's palace), 314; eorla sum (_the said knight_,
+i.e. Beówulf), 1313; acc. sg. hord-ärna sum (_a certain hoard-hall_), 2280.
+
+sund, st. m.: 1) _swimming_: acc. sg. ymb sund, 507; dat. sg. ät sunde (_in
+swimming_), 517; on sunde (_a-swimming_), 1619; gen. sg. sundes, 1437.--2)
+_sea, ocean, sound_: nom. sg., 223; acc. sg. sund, 213, 512, 539, 1427,
+1445.
+
+ge-sund, adj., _sound, healthy, unimpaired_: acc. sg. m. ge-sundne, 1629,
+1999; nom. pl. ge-sunde, 2076; acc. pl. w. gen. fäder alwalda ... eówic
+ge-healde sîða ge-sunde (_the almighty Father keep you safe and sound on
+your journey!_), 318.--Comp. an-sund.
+
+sund-ge-bland, st. n., (_the commingled sea_), _sea-surge, sea-wave_: acc.
+sg., 1451.
+
+sund-nyt, st. f., _swimming-power_ or _employment, swimming_: acc. sg.
+sund-nytte dreáh (_swam through the sea_), 2361.
+
+sundur, sundor, adv., _asunder, in twain_: sundur gedælan (_to separate,
+sunder_), 2423.
+
+sundor-nyt, st. f., _special service_ (service in a special case): acc. sg.
+sundor-nytte, 668.
+
+sund-wudu, st. m., (_sea-wood_), _ship_: nom. acc. sg. sund-wudu, 208,
+1907.
+
+sunne, w. f., _sun_: nom. sg., 607; gen. sg. sunnan, 94, 649.
+
+sunu, st. m., _son_: nom. sg., 524, 591, 646, 981, 1090, 1486, etc.; acc.
+sg. sunu, 268, 948, 1116, 1176, 1809, 2014, 2120; dat. sg. suna, 344, 1227,
+2026, 2161, 2730; gen. sg. suna, 2456, 2613, (1279); nom. pl. suna, 2381.
+
+sûð, adv., _south, southward_, 859.
+
+sûðan, adv., _from the south_, 607; sigel sûðan fûs (_the sun inclined from
+the south_), 1967.
+
+swaðrian, w. v., _to sink to rest, grow calm_: brimu swaðredon (_the waves
+became calm_), 570. See sweðrian.
+
+swaðu, st. f., _trace, track, pathway_: acc. sg. swaðe, 2099.--Comp.:
+swât-, wald-swaðu.
+
+swaðul, st. m.? n.?, _smoke, mist_ (Dietrich in Haupt V. 215): dat. sg. on
+swaðule, 783. See sweoðol.
+
+swancor, adj., _slender, trim_: acc. pl. þrió wicg swancor, 2176.
+
+swan-râd, st. f., _swan-road, sea_: acc. sg. ofer swan-râde, 200.
+
+and-swarian, w. v., _to answer_: pret. sg. him se yldesta and-swarode, 258;
+so, 340.
+
+swâ: 1) demons, adv., _so, in such a manner, thus_: swâ sceal man dôn,
+1173, 1535; swâ þâ driht-guman dreámum lifdon, 99; þät ge-äfndon swâ (_that
+we thus accomplished_), 538; þær hie meahton (i.e. feorh ealgian), 798; so,
+20, 144, 189, 559, 763, 1104, 1472, 1770, 2058, 2145, 2178, 2991; swâ
+manlîce _(so like a man_), 1047; swâ fela (_so many_), 164, 592; swâ
+deórlîce dæd (_so valiant a deed_), 585; hine swâ gôdne (_him so good_),
+347; on swâ geongum feore (_in so youthful age_), 1844; ge-dêð him swâ
+ge-wealdene worolde dælas þät ... (_makes parts of the world so subject to
+him that_...), 1733. In comparisons = _ever, the_ (adv.): me þîn môd-sefa
+lîcað leng swâ wel (_thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the
+better_), 1855. As an asseverative = _so_: swâ me Higelâc sîe ... môdes
+blîðe (_so be Higelac gracious-minded to me!_), 435; swâ þeáh
+(_nevertheless, however_), 973, 1930, 2879; swâ þêh, 2968; hwäðre swâ þeáh
+(_yet however_), 2443.--2): a) conj., _as, so as_: ôð þät his byre mihte
+eorlscipe efnan swâ his ærfäder (_until his son might do noble deeds, as
+his old father did_), 2623; eft swâ ær (_again as before_), 643;--with
+indic.: swâ he selfa bäd (_as he himself requested_), 29; swâ he oft dyde
+(_as he often did_), 444; gæð â Wyrd swâ hió sceal, 455; swâ guman
+gefrungon, 667; so, 273, 352, 401, 561, 1049, 1056, 1059, 1135, 1232, 1235,
+1239, 1253, 1382, etc.;--with subj.: swâ þîn sefa hwette _(as pleases thy
+mind_, i.e. any way thou pleasest), 490. b) _as, as then, how_, 1143; swâ
+hie â wæron ... nýd-gesteallan (_as they were ever comrades in need_), 882;
+swâ hit diópe ... be-nemdon þeódnas mære (_as, [how?] the mighty princes
+had deeply cursed it_), 3070; swâ he manna wäs wîgend weorðfullost (_as he
+of men the worthiest warrior was_), 3099. c) _just as, the moment when_:
+swâ þät blôd gesprang, 1668. d) _so that_: swâ he ne mihte nô (_so that he
+might not..._), 1509; so, 2185, 2007.--3) = qui, quae, quod, German so:
+worhte wlite-beorhtne wang swâ wäter bebûgeð (_wrought the beauteous plain
+which_ (acc.) _water surrounds_), 93.--4) swâ ... swâ = _so ... as_, 595,
+687-8, 3170; efne swâ ... swâ (_even so ... as_), 1093-4, 1224, 1284; efne
+swâ hwylc mägða swâ (_such a woman as, whatsoever woman_), 944; efne swâ
+hwylcum manna swâ (_even so to each man as_), 3058.
+
+for-swâfan, st. v., _to carry away, sweep off_: pret. sg. ealle Wyrd
+for-sweóf mîne mâgas tô metod-sceafte, 2815.
+
+for-swâpan, st. v., _to sweep off, force_: pret. sg. hie Wyrd forsweóp on
+Grendles gryre, 477.
+
+swât, st. m., (_sweat_), _wound-blood_: nom. sg., 2694, 2967; instr. sg.
+swâte, 1287.--Comp. heaðo-, hilde-swât.
+
+swât-fâh, adj., _blood-stained_: nom. sg., 1112.
+
+swâtig, adj., _gory_: nom. sg., 1570.
+
+swât-swaðu, st. f., _blood-trace_: nom. sg., 2947.
+
+be-swælan, w. v., _to scorch_: pret. part. wäs se lêg-draca ... glêdum
+beswæled, 3042.
+
+swæs, adj., _intimate, special, dear_: acc. sg. swæsne êðel, 520; nom. pl.
+swæse ge-sîðas, 29; acc. pl. leóde swæse, 1869; swæse ge-sîðas, 2041; gen.
+pl. swæsra ge-sîða, 1935.
+
+swæs-lîce, adv., _pleasantly, in a friendly manner_, 3090.
+
+swebban, w. v., (_to put to sleep_), _to kill_: inf. ic hine sweorde
+swebban nelle, 680; pres. sg. III. (absolutely) swefeð, 601.
+
+â-swebban, _to kill, slay_: pret. part. nom. pl. sweordum â-swefede, 567.
+
+sweðrian, w. v., _to lessen, diminish_: inf. þät þät fyr ongan sweðrian,
+2703; pret. siððan Heremôdes hild sweðrode, 902.
+
+swefan, st. v.: 1) _to sleep_: pres. sg. III. swefeð, 1742; inf. swefan,
+119, 730, 1673; pret. sg. swäf, 1801; pl. swæfon, 704; swæfun, 1281.--2)
+_to sleep the death-sleep, die_: pres. sg. III. swefeð, 1009, 2061, 2747;
+pl. swefað, 2257, 2458.
+
+swegel, st. n., _ether, clear sky_: dat. sg. under swegle, 1079, 1198; gen.
+sg. under swegles begong, 861, 1774.
+
+swegle, adj., _bright, etherlike, clear_: acc. pl. swegle searo-gimmas,
+2750.
+
+swegel-wered, _quasi_ pret. part., _ether-clad_: nom. sg. sunne
+swegl-wered, 607.
+
+swelgan, st. v., _to swallow_: pret. sg. w. instr. syn-snædum swealh
+(_swallowed in great bites_), 744; object omitted, subj. pres. nymðe lîges
+fäðm swulge on swaðule, 783.
+
+for-swelgan, w. acc., _to swallow, consume_: pret. sg. for-swealg, 1123,
+2081.
+
+swellan, st. v., _to swell_: inf. þâ sió wund on-gan ... swêlan and
+swellan, 2714.
+
+sweltan, st. v., _to die, perish_: pret. sg. swealt, 1618, 2475; draca
+morðre swealt (_died a violent death_), 893, 2783; wundor-deáðe swealt,
+3038; hioro-dryncum swealt, 2359.
+
+swencan, w. v., _to swink, oppress, strike_: pret. sg. hine wundra þäs fela
+swencte (MS. swecte) on sunde, 1511.
+
+ge-swencan, _to oppress, strike, injure_: pret. sg. syððan hine Hæðcyn ...
+flâne geswencte, 2439; pret. part. synnum ge-swenced, 976; hæðstapa hundum
+ge-swenced, 1369.--Comp. lyft-ge-swenced.
+
+sweng, st. m., _blow, stroke_: dat. sg. swenge, 1521, 2967; swenge _(with
+its stroke_), 2687; instr. pl. sweordes swengum, 2387.--Comp.: feorh-,
+hete-, heaðo-, heoro-sweng.
+
+swerian, st. v., _to swear_: pret. w. acc. I. ne me swôr fela âða on unriht
+(_swore no false oaths_), 2739; he me âðas swôr, 472.
+
+for-swerian, w. instr., _to forswear, renounce (protect with magic
+formulæ?)_: pret. part. he sige-wæpnum for-sworen häfde, 805.
+
+swêg, st. m., _sound, noise, uproar_: nom. sg. swêg, 783; hearpan swêg, 89,
+2459, 3024; sige-folca swêg, 645; sang and swêg, 1064; dat. sg. swêge,
+1215.--Comp.: benc-, morgen-swêg.
+
+swêlan, w. v., _to burn_ (here of wounds): inf. swêlan, 2714. See swælan.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black, dark_: nom. sg. wudu-rêc sweart, 3146; dat.
+pl. sweartum nihtum, 167.
+
+sweoðol (cf. O.H.G. suedan, suethan = cremare; M.H.G. swadem = vapor; and
+Dietrich in Haupt V., 215), st. m.? n.?, _vapor, smoke, smoking flame_:
+dat. sg. ofer swioðole (MS. swic ðole), 3146. See swaðul.
+
+sweofot, st. m., _sleep_: dat. sg. on sweofote, 1582, 2296.
+
+sweoloð, st. m., _heat, fire, flame_: dat. sg. sweoloðe, 1116. Cf. O.H.G.
+suilizo, suilizunga = ardor, cauma.
+
+sweorcan, st. v., _to trouble, darken_. pres. sg. III. ne him inwit-sorh on
+sefan sweorceð (_darkens his soul_), 1738.
+
+for-sweorcan, _to grow dark_ or _dim_: pres. sg. III. eágena bearhtm
+for-siteð and for-sworceð, 1768.
+
+ge-sweorcan (intrans.), _to darken_: pret. sg. niht-helm ge-swearc, 1790.
+
+sweord, swurd, swyrd, st. n., _sword_: nom. sg. sweord, 1287, 1290, 1570,
+1606, 1616, 1697; swurd, 891; acc. sg. sweord, 437, 673, 1559, 1664, 1809,
+2253, 2500, etc.; swurd, 539, 1902; swyrd, 2611, 2988; instr. sg. sweorde,
+561, 574, 680, 2493, 2881; gen. sg. sweordes, 1107, 2194, 2387; acc. pl.
+sweord, 2639; nom. pl., 3049; instr. pl. sweordum, 567, 586, 885; gen. pl.
+sweorda, 1041, 2937, 2962.--Comp.: gûð-, mâððum-, wæg-sweord.
+
+sweord, st. f., _oath_: in comp. âð-sweord _(sword-oath_?), 2065.
+
+sweord-bealo, st. n., _sword-bale, death by the sword_: nom. sg., 1148.
+
+sweord-freca, w. m., _sword-warrior_: dat. sg. sweord-frecan, 1469.
+
+sweord-gifu, st. f., _sword-gift, giving of swords_: nom. sg. swyrd-gifu,
+2885.
+
+sweotol, swutol, adj.: 1) _clear, bright_: nom. sg. swutol sang scôpes,
+90.--2) _plain, manifest_: nom. sg. syndolh sweotol, 818; tâcen sweotol,
+834; instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, 141.
+
+sweóf, sweóp. See swâfan, swâpan.
+
+swið, st. n.? (O.N. swiði), _burning pain_: in comp. þryð-swið(?).
+
+swift, adj., _swift_: nom. sg. se swifta mearh, 2265.
+
+swimman, swymman, st. v., _to swim_: inf. swymman, 1625.
+
+ofer-swimman, w. acc., _to swim over_ or _through_: pret. sg. ofer-swam
+sioleða bigong (_swam over the sea_), 2368.
+
+swincan, st. v., _to struggle, labor, contend_: pret. pl. git on wäteres
+æht seofon niht swuncon, 517.
+
+ge-swing, st. n., _surge, eddy_: nom. sg. atol ýða geswing, 849.
+
+swingan, st. v., _to swing one's self, fly_: pres. sg. III. ne gôd hafoc
+geond säl swingeð, 2265.
+
+swîcan, st. v.: 1) _to deceive, leave in the lurch, abandon_: pret. sg.
+næfre hit (_the sword_) ät hilde ne swâc manna ængum, 1461.--2) _to
+escape_: subj. pret. bûtan his lîc swice, 967.
+
+ge-swîcan, _to deceive, leave in the lurch_: pret. sg. gûð-bill ge-swâc
+nacod ät nîðe, 2585, 2682; w. dat. seó ecg ge-swâc þeódne ät þearfe (_the
+sword failed the prince in need_), 1525.
+
+swîð, swýð (Goth, swinþ-s), adj., _strong, mighty_: nom. sg. wäs þät ge-win
+tô swýð, 191.--Comp. nom. sg. sió swîðre hand (_the right hand_), 2099;
+_harsh_, 3086.
+
+swîðe, adv., _strongly, very, much_, 598, 998, 1093, 1744, 1927; swýðe,
+2171, 2188. Compar. swîðor, _more, rather, more strongly_, 961, 1140, 1875,
+2199--Comp. un-swîðe.
+
+ofer-swîðian, w. v., _to overcome, vanquish_, w. acc. of person: pres. sg.
+III. oferswýðeð, 279, 1769.
+
+swîð-ferhð, adj., (_fortis animo_), _strong-minded, bold, brave_: nom. sg.
+swýð-ferhð, 827; gen. sg. swîð-ferhðes, 909; nom. pl. swîð-ferhðe, 493;
+dat. pl. swîð-ferhðum, 173.
+
+swîð-hycgend, pres. part. (_strenue cogitans_), _bold-minded, brave in
+spirit_: nom. sg. swîð-hycgende, 920; nom. pl. swîð-hycgende, 1017.
+
+swîð-môd, adj., _strong-minded_: nom. sg., 1625.
+
+on-swîfan, st. v. w. acc., _to swing, turn, at_ or _against, elevate_:
+pret. sg. biorn (Beówulf) bord-rand on-swâf wið þam gryre-gieste, 2560.
+
+swîgian, w. v., _to be silent, keep silent_: pret. sg. lyt swîgode niwra
+spella (_kept little of the new tidings silent_), 2898; pl. swîgedon ealle,
+1700.
+
+swîgor, adj., _silent, taciturn_: nom, sg. weak, þâ wäs swîgra secg ... on
+gylp-spræce gûð-ge-weorca, 981.
+
+swîn, swýn, st. n., _swine, boar_ (image on the helm): nom. sg. swýn, 1112;
+acc. sg. swîn, 1287.
+
+swîn-lîc, st. n., _swine-image_ or _body_: instr. pl. swîn-lîcum, 1454.
+
+swôgan, st. v., _to whistle, roar_: pres. part. swôgende lêg, 3146.
+
+swutol. See sweotol.
+
+swylc, swilc (Goth, swa-leik-s), demons, adj. = _talis, such, such a_;
+relative = _qualis, as, which_: nom. sg. swylc, 178, 1941, 2542, 2709;
+swylc ... swylc=talis ... qualis, 1329; acc. sg. swylc, 2799; eall ...
+swylc (_all ... which, as_), 72; ôðer swylc (_such another_, i.e. hand),
+1584; on swylc (_on such things_), 997; dat. sg. gûð-fremmendra swylcum
+(_to such a battle-worker_, i.e. Beówulf), 299; gen. sg. swylces hwät
+(_some such_), 881; acc. pl. swylce, 2870; call swylce ... swylce, 3166;
+swylce twegen (_two such_), 1348; ealle þearfe swylce (_all needs that_),
+1798; swylce hie ... findan meahton sigla searo-gimma (_such as they might
+find of jewels and cunning gems_), 1157; efne swylce mæla swylce (_at just
+such times as_), 1250; gen. pl. swylcra searo-nîða, 582; swylcra fela ...
+ær-gestreóna, 2232.
+
+swylce, adv., _as, as also, likewise, similarly_, 113, 293, 758, 831, 855,
+908, 921, 1147, 1166, 1428, 1483, 2460, 2825; ge swylce (_and likewise_),
+2259; swilce, 1153.
+
+swylt, st. m., _death_: nom. sg., 1256, 1437.
+
+swylt-däg, st. m., _death-day_: dat. sg. ær swylt-däge, 2799.
+
+swynsian, w. v., _to sound_: pret. sg. hlyn swynsode, 612.
+
+swyrd. See sweord.
+
+swýðl. See swîð.
+
+swýn. See swîn.
+
+syððan (seðian, Gen. 1525), w. v., _to punish, avenge_, w. acc.: inf. þonne
+hit sweordes ecg syððan scolde (_then the edge of the sword should avenge
+it_), 1107.
+
+syððan. See siððan.
+
+syfan-wintre, adj., _seven-winters-old_: nom. sg., 2429.
+
+syhð. See seón.
+
+syl (O.H.G. swella), st. f., _sill, bench-support_: dat. sg. fram sylle,
+776.
+
+sylfa. See selfa.
+
+syllan. See sellan.
+
+syllîc. See sellîc.
+
+symbol, syml, st. n., _banquet, entertainment_: acc. sg. symbel, 620, 1011;
+geaf me sinc and symbel (_gave me treasure and feasting_, i.e. made me his
+friend and table-companion), 2432; þät hie ... symbel ymbsæton (_that they
+might sit round their banquet_), 564; dat. sg. symle, 81, 489, 1009;
+symble, 119, 2105; gen. pl. symbla, 1233.
+
+symble, symle, adv., _continually, ever_: symble, 2451; symle, 2498; symle
+wäs þý sæmra (_he was ever the worse, the weaker_, i.e. the dragon), 2881.
+
+symbel-wyn, st. f., _banqueting-pleasure, joy at feasting_: acc. sg.
+symbel-wynne dreóh, 1783.
+
+syn, st. f., _sin, crime_: nom. synn and sacu, 2473; dat. instr. pl.
+synnum, 976, 1256, 3072.
+
+syn. See sin.
+
+syn-bysig, adj., (culpa laborans), _persecuted on account of guilt?_
+(Rieger), _guilt-haunted?_: nom. sg. secg syn-[by]sig, 2228.
+
+ge-syngian, w. v., _to sin, commit a crime_: pret. part. þät wäs feohleás
+ge-feoht, fyrenum ge-syngad, 2442.
+
+synnig, adj., _sin-laden, sinful_: acc. sg. m. sinnigne secg, 1380.--Comp.:
+fela-, un-synnig.
+
+ge-synto, f., _health_: dat. pl. on gesyntum, 1870.
+
+syrce. See serce.
+
+syrwan, w. v. w. acc., _to entrap, catch unawares_: pret. sg. duguðe and
+geogoðe seomade and syrede, 161.
+
+be-syrwan: 1) _to compass_ or _accomplish by finesse; effect_: inf. dæd þe
+we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed that all of us could not
+accomplish before with all our wisdom_), 943.--2) _to entrap by guile and
+destroy_: inf. mynte se mânscaða manna cynnes sumne be-syrwan (_the fell
+foe thought to entrap some one (all?_, see sum) _of the men_), 714.
+
+sýn, f., _seeing, sight, scene_: comp, an-sýn.
+
+ge-sýne, adj., _visible, to be seen_: nom. sg. 1256, 1404, 2948, 3059,
+3160.--Comp.: êð-ge-sýne, ýð-ge-sêne.
+
+
+T
+
+taligean, w. v.: 1) _to count, reckon, number; esteem, think_: pres. sg. I.
+nô ic me ... hnâgran gûð-geweorca þonne Grendel hine (_count myself no
+worse than G. in battle-works_), 678; wên ic talige ...þät (_I count on the
+hope ... that_), 1846; telge, 2068; sg. III. þät ræd talað þät (_counts it
+gain that_), 2028.--2) _to tell, relate_: sôð ic talige (_I tell facts_),
+532; swâ þu self talast (_as thou thyself sayst_), 595.
+
+tâcen, st. n., _token, sign, evidence_: nom. sg. tâcen sweotol, 834; dat.
+instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, 141; tîres tô tâcne, 1655.--Comp. luf-tâcen.
+
+tân, st. m., _twig_: in comp. âter-tân. [emended to âter-teárum in
+text--KTH]
+
+ge-tæcan, w. v., _to show, point out_: pret. sg. him þâ hilde-deór hof
+môdigra torht ge-tæhte (_the warrior pointed out to them the bright
+dwelling of the bold ones_, i.e. Danes), 313. Hence, _to indicate, assign_:
+pret. sôna me se mæra mago Healfdenes ... wið his sylfes sunu setl getæhte
+(_assigned me a seat by his own son_), 2014.
+
+tæle, adj., _blameworthy_: in comp. un-tæle.
+
+ge-tæse, adj., _quiet, still_: nom. sg. gif him wære ... niht ge-tæse
+(_whether he had a pleasant, quiet, night_), 1321.
+
+tela, adv., _fittingly, well_, 949, 1219, 1226, 1821, 2209, 2738.
+
+telge. See talian.
+
+tellan, w. v., _to tell, consider, deem_: pret. sg. ne his lîf-dagas leóda
+ænigum nytte tealde (_nor did he count his life useful to any man_), 795;
+þät ic me ænigne under swegles begong ge-sacan ne tealde (_I believed not
+that I had any foe under heaven_), 1774; cwäð he þone gûð-wine gôdne tealde
+(_said he counted the war-friend good_), 1811; he ûsic gâr-wîgend gôde
+tealde (_deemed us good spear-warriors_), 2642; pl. swâ (_so that_) hine
+Geáta beam gôdne ne tealdon, 2185.--2) _to ascribe, count against, impose_:
+pret. sg. (Þryðo) him wälbende weotode tealde hand-gewriðene, 1937.
+
+ge-tenge, adj., _attached to, lying on_: w. dat. gold ... grunde ge-tenge,
+2759.
+
+teár, st. m., _tear_: nom. pl. teáras, 1873.
+
+teoh, st. f., _troop, band_: dat. sg. earmre teohhe, 2939.
+
+(ge?)-teohhian, w. v., _to fix, determine, assign_: pret. sg. ic for lässan
+leán teohhode ... hnâhran rince, 952; pres. part. wäs ôðer in ær geteohhod
+(_assigned_)... mærum Geáte, 1301.
+
+teón, st. v., _to draw, lead_: inf. hêht ... eahta mearas ... on flet teón
+(_bade eight horses be led into the hall_), 1037; pret. sg. me tô grunde
+teáh fâh feónd-sceaða (_the many-hued fiend-foe drew me to the bottom_),
+553; eft-sîðas teáh (_withdrew, returned_), 1333; sg. for pl. æg-hwylcum
+...þâra þe mid Beówulfe brim-lâde teáh (_to each of those that crossed the
+sea with B._) 1052; pret. part. þâ wäs ... heard ecg togen (_then was the
+hard edge drawn_), 1289; wearð ... on näs togen (_was drawn to the
+promontory_), 1440.
+
+â-teón, _to wander, go_, intrans.: pret. sg. tô Heorute â-teáh (_drew to
+Heorot_), 767.
+
+ge-teón: 1) _to draw_: pret. sg. gomel swyrd ge-teáh, 2611; w. instr. and
+acc. hyre seaxe ge-teáh, brad brûn-ecg, 1546.--2) _to grant, give, lend_:
+imp. nô þu him wearne geteóh þînra gegn-cwida glädnian (_refuse not to
+gladden them with thy answer_), 366; pret. sg. and þâ Beówulfe bega
+gehwäðres eodor Ingwina onweald ge-teáh (_and the prince of the Ingwins
+gave B. power over both_), 1045; so, he him êst geteáh (_gave possession
+of_), 2166.
+
+of-teón, _to deprive, withdraw_, w. gen. of thing and dat. pers.: pret. sg.
+Scyld Scêfing ... monegum mægðum meodo-setla of-teáh, 5; w. acc. of thing,
+hond ... feorh-sweng ne of-teáh, 2490; w. dat. hond (hord, MS.) swenge ne
+of-teáh, 1521.
+
+þurh-teón, _to effect_: inf. gif he torn-gemôt þurh-teón mihte, 1141.
+
+teón (cf. teóh, _materia_, O.H.G. ziuc), w. v. w. acc., _to make, work_:
+pret. sg. teóde, 1453;--_to furnish out, deck_: pret. pl. nalas hi hine
+lässan lâcum teódan (_provided him with no less gifts_), 43.
+
+ge-teón, _to provide, do, bring on_: pres. sg. unc sceal weorðan ... swâ
+unc Wyrd ge-teóð, 2527; pret. sg. þe him ... sâre ge-teóde (_who had done
+him this harm_), 2296.
+
+ge-teóna, w. m., _injurer, harmer_: in comp. lâð-ge-teóna.
+
+til, adj., _good, apt, fit_: nom. sg. m. Hâlga til, 61; þegn ungemete till
+(of Wîglâf), 2722; fem. wäs seó þeód tilu, 1251; neut. ne wäs þät ge-wrixle
+til, 1305.
+
+tilian, w. v. w. gen., _to gain, win_: inf. gif ic ... ôwihte mäg þînre
+môd-lufan mâran tilian (_if I ... gain_), 1824.
+
+timbrian, w. v., _to build_: pret. part. acc. sg. säl timbred (_the
+well-built hall_), 307.
+
+be-timbrian, (construere), _to finish building, complete_: pret. pl.
+betimbredon on tyn dagum beadu-rôfes bêcn, 3161.
+
+tîd, st. f., _-tide, time_: acc. sg. twelf wintra tîd, 147; lange tîd,
+1916; in þâ tîde, 2228.--Comp.: ân-, morgen-tîd.
+
+ge-tîðian (from tigðian), w. v., _to grant_: pret. part. impers. wäs ...
+bêne (gen.) ge-tîðad feásceaftum men, 2285.
+
+tîr, st. m., _glory, repute in war_. gen. sg. tîres, 1655.
+
+tîr-eádig, adj., _glorious, famous_: dat. sg. tîr-eádigum menn (of
+Beówulf), 2190.
+
+tîr-fäst, adj., _famous, rich in glory_. nom. sg. (of Hrôðgâr), 923.
+
+tîr-leás, adj., _without glory, infamous_: gen. sg. (of Grendel), 844.
+
+toga, w. m., _leader_: in comp. folc-toga.
+
+torht, adj., _bright, brilliant_: acc. sg. neut. hof ... torht,
+313.--Comp.: wuldor-torht, heaðo-torht (_loud in battle_).
+
+torn, st. n.: 1) _wrath, insult, distress_: acc. sg. torn, 147, 834; gen.
+pl. torna, 2190.--2) _anger_: instr. sg. torne ge-bolgen, 2402.--Comp.
+lîge-torn.
+
+torn, adj., _bitter, cruel_: nom. sg, hreówa tornost, 2130.
+
+torn-ge-môt, st. n., (_wrathful meeting_), _angry engagement, battle_: acc.
+sg., 1141.
+
+tô, I. prep. w. dat. indicating direction or tending to, hence: 1) local =
+whither after verbs of motion, _to, up to, at_: com tô recede (_to the
+hall_), 721; eode tô sele, 920; eode tô hire freán sittan, 642; gæð eft ...
+tô medo (_goeth again to mead_), 605; wand tô wolcnum (_wound to the
+welkin_), 1120; sigon tô slæpe (_sank to sleep_), 1252; 28, 158, 234, 438,
+553, 926, 1010, 1014, 1155, 1159, 1233, etc.; lîð-wæge bär hælum tô handa
+(_bore the ale-cup to the hands of the men? at hand?_), 1984; ôð þät niht
+becom ôðer tô yldum, 2118; him tô bearme cwom mâððum-fät mære (_came to his
+hands, into his possession_), 2405; sælde tô sande sîd-fäðme scip
+(_fastened the broad-bosomed ship to the shore_), 1918; þat se harm-scaða
+tô Heorute â-teáh (_went forth to Heorot_), 767. After verb sittan: site nu
+tô symble (_sit now to the meal_), 489; siððan ... we tô symble geseten
+häfdon, 2105; tô ham (_home, at home_), 124, 374, 2993. With verbs of
+speaking: maðelode tô his wine-drihtne (_spake to his friendly lord_), 360;
+tô Geátum sprec, 1172; so, hêht þät heaðo-weorc tô hagan biódan (_bade the
+battle-work be told at the hedge_), 2893.--2) with verbs of bringing and
+taking (cf. under on, I., d): hraðe wäs tô bûre Beówulf fetod (_B. was
+hastily brought from a room_), 1311; siððan Hâma ät-wäg tô þære byrhtan
+byrig Brôsinga mene (_since H. carried the Brosing-necklace off from the
+bright city_), 1200; weán âhsode. fæhðo to Frysum (_suffered woe, feud as
+to, from, the Frisians_), 1208.--3) =end of motion, hence: a) _to, for, as,
+in_: þone god sende folce tô frôfre (_for, as, a help to the folk_), 14;
+gesette ... sunnan and mônan leóman to leóhte (_as a light_), 95; ge-sät
+... tô rune (_sat in counsel_), 172; wearð he Heaðo-lâfe tô hand-bonan,
+460; bringe ... tô helpe (_bring to, for, help_), 1831; Jofore forgeaf
+ângan dôhtor ... hyldo tô wedde (_as a pledge of his favor_), 2999; so,
+508(?), 666, 907, 972, 1022, 1187, 1263, 1331, 1708, 1712, 2080, etc.;
+secgan tô sôðe (_to say in sooth_), 51; so, 591, 2326. b) with verbs of
+thinking, hoping, etc., _on, for, at, against_: he tô gyrn-wräce swîðor
+þôhte þonne tô sæ-lâde (_thought more on vengeance than on the
+sea-voyage_), 1139; säcce ne wêneð tô Gâr-Denum (_nor weeneth of conflict
+with the Spear-Danes_), 602; þonne wêne ic tô þe wyrsan geþinges (_then I
+expect for thee a worse result_), 525; ne ic to Sweóþeóde sibbe oððe treówe
+wihte ne wêne (_nor expect at all of, from, the Swedes_ ...), 2923; wiste
+þäm ahlæcan tô þäm heáh-sele hilde ge-þinged (_battle prepared for the
+monster in the high hall_), 648; wel bið þäm þe mot tô fäder fäðmum freoðo
+wilnian (_well for him that can find peace in the Father's arms_), 188;
+þâra þe he ge-worhte tô West-Denum (_of those that he wrought against the
+West-Danes_), 1579.--4) with the gerund, inf.: tô gefremmanne (_to do_),
+174; tô ge-cýðanne (_to make known_), 257; tô secganne (_to say_), 473; to
+befleónne (_to avoid, escape_), 1004; so, 1420, 1725, 1732, 1806, 1852,
+1923, 1942, etc. With inf.: tô fêran, 316; tô friclan, 2557.--5) temporal:
+gewât him tô gescäp-hwîle (_went at(?) the hour of fate_; or, _to his fated
+rest?_), 26; tô wîdan feore (_ever, in their lives_), 934; âwa tô aldre
+(_for life, forever_), 956; so, tô aldre, 2006, 2499; tô life (_during
+life, ever_), 2433.--6) with particles: wôd under wolcnum tô þäs þe ...
+(_went under the welkin to the point where_ ...), 715; so, elne ge-eodon tô
+þäs þe, 1968; so, 2411; he him þäs leán for-geald ... tô þäs þe he on reste
+geseah Grendel licgan (_he paid him for that to the point that he saw G.
+lying dead_), 1586; wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât (_the blood was hot to that
+degree_), 1617; näs þâ long tô þon þät (_'twas not long till_), 2592, 2846;
+wäs him se man tô þon leóf þät (_the man was dear to him to that degree_),
+1877; tô hwan siððan wearð hond-ræs häleða (_up to what point, how, the
+hand-contest turned out_), 2072; tô middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+II. Adverbial modifier, _quasi_ preposition [better explained in many cases
+as prep. postponed]: l) _to, towards, up to, at_: geóng sôna tô, 1786; so,
+2649; fêhð ôðer tô, 1756; sæ-lâc ... þe þu her tô lôcast (_upon which thou
+here lookest_), 1655; folc tô sægon (_the folk looked on_), 1423; þät hî
+him tô mihton gegnum gangan (_might proceed thereto_), 313; se þe him
+bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (_who believed in help out of evils from him_, i.e.
+Beówulf), 910; him tô anwaldan âre ge-lyfde (_trusted for himself to the
+Almighty's help_), 1273; þe ûs sêceað tô Sweóna leóde (_that the Swedes
+will come against us_), 3002.--2) before adj. and adv., _too_: tô strang
+(_too mighty_), 133; tô fäst, 137; tô swýð, 191; so, 789, 970, 1337, 1743,
+1749, etc.; tô fela micles (_far too much_), 695; he tô forð ge-stôp (_he
+had gone too far_), 2290.
+
+tôð (G. tunþu-s), st. m., _tooth_: in comp. blôdig-tôð (adj.).
+
+tredan, st. v. w. acc., _to tread_: inf. sæ-wong tredan, 1965; el-land
+tredan, 3020; pret. sg. wräc-lâstas träd, 1353; medo-wongas träd, 1644;
+gräs-moldan träd, 1882.
+
+treddian, tryddian (see trod), w. v., _to stride, tread, go_: pret. sg.
+treddode, 726; tryddode getrume micle (_strode about with a strong troop_),
+923.
+
+trem, st. n., _piece, part_: acc. sg. ne ... fôtes trem (_not a foot's
+breadth_), 2526.
+
+treów, st. f., _fidelity, good faith_: acc. sg. treówe, 1073; sibbe oððe
+treówe, 2923.
+
+treów, st. n., _tree_: in comp. galg-treów.
+
+treówian. See trûwian.
+
+treów-loga, w. m., _troth-breaker, pledge-breaker_: nom. pl. treów-logan,
+2848.
+
+trodu, st. f., _track, step_: acc. sg. or pl. trode, 844.
+
+ge-trum, st. n., _troop, band_: instr. sg. ge-trume micle, 923.
+
+trum, adj., _strong, endowed with_: nom. sg. heorot hornum trum, 1370.
+
+ge-trûwan, w. v. w. acc., _to confirm, pledge solemnly_: pret. sg. þâ hie
+getrûwedon on twâ healfe fäste frioðu-wære, 1096.
+
+trûwian, treówan, w. v., _to trust in, rely on, believe in_: 1) w. dat.:
+pret. sg. sîðe ne trûwode leófes mannes (_I trusted not in the dear man's
+enterprise_), 1994; bearne ne trûwode þät he ... (_she trusted not the
+child that_ ...), 2371; gehwylc hiora his ferhðe treówde þät he ... (_each
+trusted his heart that_ ...), 1167.--2) w. gen.: pret. sg. Geáta leód
+georne trûwode môdgan mägnes, 670; wiðres ne trûwode, 2954.
+
+ge-trûwian, _to rely on, trust in_, w. dat.: pret. sg. strenge ge-trûwode,
+mund-gripe mägenes, 1534;--w. gen. pret. sg. beorges ge-trûwode, wîges and
+wealles, 2323; strenge ge-trûwode ânes mannes, 2541.
+
+tryddian. See treddian.
+
+trýwe, adj., _true, faithful_: nom. sg. þâ gyt wäs ... æghwylc ôðrum trýwe,
+1166.
+
+ge-trýwe, adj., _faithful_: nom. sg. her is æghwylc eorl ôðrum ge-trýwe,
+1229.
+
+turf, st. f., _sod, soil, seat_: in comp. êðel-turf.
+
+tux, st. m., _tooth, tusk_: in comp. hilde-tux.
+
+ge-twæfan, w. v. w. acc. of person and gen. thing, _to separate, divide,
+deprive of, hinder_: pres. sg. III. þät þec âdl oððe ecg eafoðes ge-twæfeð
+(_robs of strength_), 1764; inf. god eáðe mäg þone dol-scaðan dæda
+ge-twæfan (_God may easily restrain the fierce foe from his deeds_), 479;
+pret. sg. sumne Geáta leód ... feores getwæfde (_cut him off from life_),
+1434; nô þær wæg-flotan wind ofer ýðum sîðes ge-twæfde (_the wind hindered
+not the wave-floater in her course over the water_), 1909; pret. part. ät
+rihte wäs gûð ge-twæfed (_almost had the struggle been ended_), 1659.
+
+ge-twæman, w. v. acc. pers. and gen. thing, _to hinder, render incapable
+of, restrain_: inf. ic hine ne mihte ... ganges getwæman, 969.
+
+twegen, m. f. n. twâ, num., _twain, two_: nom. m. twegen, 1164; acc. m.
+twegen, 1348; dat. twæm, 1192 gen. twega, 2533; acc. f. twâ, 1096, 1195.
+
+twelf, num., _twelve_, gen. twelfa, 3172.
+
+tweone (Frisian twine), num. = _bini, two_: dat. pl. be sæm tweonum, 859,
+1298; 1686.
+
+twidig, adj., in comp. lang-twidig (_long-assured_), 1709.
+
+tyder, st. m., _race, descendant_: in comp. un-tyder, 111.
+
+tydre (Frisian teddre), adj., _weak, unwarlike, cowardly_: nom. pl. tydre,
+2848.
+
+tyn, num., _ten_: uninflect. dat. on tyn dagum, 3161; inflect. nom. tyne,
+2848.
+
+tyrwian, w. v., _to tar_: pret. part. tyrwed in comp.: niw-tyrwed.
+
+on-tyhtan, w. v., _to urge on, incite, entice_: pret. sg. on-tyhte, 3087.
+
+
+Þ
+
+þafian, w. v. w. acc., _to submit to, endure_: inf. þät se þeód-cyning
+þafian sceolde Eofores ânne dôm, 2964.
+
+þanc, st. m.: 1) _thought_: in comp. fore-, hete-, or-, searo-þanc;
+inwit-þanc (adj.).--2) _thanks_ (w. gen. of thing): nom. sg., 929, 1779;
+acc. sg. þanc, 1998, 2795.--3) _content, favor, pleasure_: dat. sg. þâ þe
+gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon þyder tô þance (_those that tribute for the
+Geâtas carried thither for favor_). 379.
+
+ge-þanc, st. m., _thought_: instr. pl. þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2333.--Comp.
+môd-ge-þanc.
+
+þanc-hycgende, pres. part., _thoughtful_, 2236.
+
+þancian, w. v., _to thank_: pret. sg. gode þancode ... þäs þe hire se willa
+ge-lamp (_thanked God that her wish was granted_), 626; so, 1398; pl.
+þancedon, 627(?).
+
+þanon, þonon, þonan, adv., _thence_: 1) local: þanon eft gewât (_he went
+thence back_), 123; þanon up ... stigon (_went up thence_), 224; so, þanon,
+463, 692, 764, 845, 854, 1293; þanan, 1881; þonon, 520, 1374, 2409; þonan,
+820, 2360, 2957.--2) personal: þanon untydras ealle on-wôcon (_from him_,
+i.e. Cain, etc.), 111; so, þanan, 1266; þonon, 1961; unsôfte þonon feorh
+ôð-ferede (i.e. from Grendel's mother), 2141.
+
+þâ, adv.: l) _there, then_, 3, 26, 28, 34, 47, 53, etc. With þær: þâ þær,
+331. With nu: nu þâ (_now then_), 658.--2) conjunction, _when, as, since_,
+w. indic., 461, 539, 633, etc.;--_because, whilst, during, since_, 402,
+465, 724, 2551, etc.
+
+þät, I. demons, pron. acc. neut. of se: demons, nom. þät (_that_), 735,
+766, etc.; instr. sg. þý, 1798, 2029; þät ic þý wæpne ge-bräd (_that I
+brandished as(?) a weapon; that I brandished the weapon?_), 1665; þý
+weorðra (_the more honored_), 1903; þý sêft (_the more easily_), 2750; þý
+läs hym ýðe þrym wudu wynsuman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the
+waves the winsome boat might carry away_), 1919; nô þý ær (_not sooner_),
+755, 1503, 2082, 2374, 2467; nô þý leng (_no longer, none the longer_),
+975. þý =adv., _therefore, hence_, 1274, 2068; þê ... þê = _on this
+account; for this reason ... that, because_, 2639-2642; wiste þê geornor
+(_knew but too well_), 822; he ... wäs sundes þê sænra þe hine swylt fornam
+(_he was the slower in swimming as [whom?] death carried him off_), 1437;
+näs him wihte þê sêl (_it was none the better for him_), 2688; so, 2278.
+Gen. sg. þäs = adv., _for this reason, therefore_, 7, 16, 114, 350, 589,
+901, 1993, 2027, 2033, etc. þäs þe, especially after verbs of thanking, =
+_because_, 108, 228, 627, 1780, 2798;--also = secundum quod: þäs þe hie
+gewislîcost ge-witan meahton, 1351;--_therefore, accordingly_, 1342, 3001;
+tô þäs (_to that point; to that degree_), 715, 1586, 1617, 1968, 2411; þäs
+georne (_so firmly_), 969; ac he þäs fäste wäs ... besmiðod (_it was too
+firmly set_), 774; nô þäs frôd leofað gumena bearna þät þone grund wite
+(_none liveth among men so wise that he should know its bottom_), 1368; he
+þäs (þäm, MS.) môdig wäs (_had the courage for it_), 1509.
+
+II. conj. (relative), _that, so that_, 15, 62, 84, 221, 347, 358, 392, 571,
+etc.; ôð þät (_up to that, until_); see ôð.
+
+þätte (from þät þe, see þe), _that_, 151, 859, 1257, 2925, etc.; þät þe
+(_that_), 1847.
+
+þær: 1) demons. adv., _there (where)_, 32, 36, 89, 400, 757, etc.;
+morðor-bealo mâga, þær heó ær mæste heóld worolde wynne (_the death-bale of
+kinsmen where before she had most worldly joy_), 1080. With þâ: þâ þær,
+331; þær on innan (_therein_), 71. Almost like Eng. expletive _there_, 271,
+550, 978, etc.;--_then, at that time_, 440;--_thither_: þær swîð-ferhðe
+sittan eodon (_thither went the bold ones to sit_, i.e. to the bench), 493,
+etc.--2) relative, _where_, 356, 420, 508, 513, 522, 694, 867, etc.; eode
+... þær se snottra bâd (_went where the wise one tarried_), 1314; so,
+1816;--_if_, 763, 798, 1836, 2731, etc.;--_whither_: gâ þær he wille, 1395.
+
+þe, I. relative particle, indecl., partly standing alone, partly associated
+with se, seó, þät: Hunferð maðelode, þe ät fôtum sät (_H., who sat at his
+feet, spake_), 500; so, 138, etc.; wäs þät gewin tô swýð þe on þâ leóde
+be-com (_the misery that had come on the people was too great_), 192, etc.;
+ic wille ... þe þâ and-sware ädre ge-cýðan þe me se gôda â-gifan þenceð (_I
+will straightway tell thee the answer that the good one shall give_), 355;
+ôð þone ânne däg þe he ... (_till that very day that he_ ...), 2401; heó þâ
+fæhðe wräc þe þu ... Grendel cwealdest (_the fight in which thou slewest
+G._), 1335; mid þære sorge þe him sió sâr belamp (_with the sorrow
+wherewith the pain had visited him_), 2469; pl. þonne þâ dydon þe ...
+(_than they did that_ ...), 45; so, 378, 1136; þâ mâðmas þe he me sealde
+(_the treasures that he gave me_), 2491; so, ginfästan gife þe him god
+sealde (_the great gifts that God had given him_), 2183. After þâra þe (_of
+those that_), the depend. verb often takes sg. instead of pl. (Dietrich,
+Haupt XI., 444 seqq.): wundor-sióna fela secga ge-hwylcum þâra þe on swylc
+starað (_to each of those that look on such_), 997; so, 844, 1462, 2384,
+2736. Strengthened by se, seó, þät: sägde se þe cûðe (_said he that knew_),
+90; wäs se grimma gäst Grendel hâten, se þe môras heóld (_the grim stranger
+hight Grendel, he that held the moors_), 103; here-byrne ... seó þe
+bân-cofan beorgan cûðe (_the corselet that could protect the body_), 1446,
+etc.; þær ge-lýfan sceal dryhtnes dôme se þe hine deáð nimeð (_he shall
+believe in God's judgment whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 1437, 1292
+(cf. Heliand I., 1308).
+
+þäs þe. See þät.
+
+þeáh þe. See þeáh.
+
+for þam þe. See for-þam.
+
+þý, þê, _the, by that_, instr. of se: âhte ic holdra þý läs ... þe deáð
+for-nam (_I had the less friends whom death snatched away_), 488; so, 1437.
+
+þeccan, w. v., _to cover_ (thatch), _cover over_: inf. þâ sceal brond
+fretan, äled þeccean (_fire shall eat, flame shall cover, the treasures_),
+3016; pret. pl. þær git eágor-streám earmum þehton (_in swimming_), 513.
+
+þegn, st. m., _thane, liegeman, king's higher vassal; knight_: nom. sg.,
+235, 494, 868, 2060, 2710; (Beówulf), 194; (Wîglâf), 2722; acc. sg. þegen
+(Beówulf, MS. þegn), 1872; dat. sg. þegne, 1342, 1420; (Hengest), 1086;
+(Wîglâf), 2811; gen. sg. þegnes, 1798; nom. pl. þegnas, 1231; acc. pl.
+þegnas, 1082, 3122; dat. pl. þegnum, 2870; gen. pl. þegna, 123, 400, 1628,
+1674, 1830, 2034, etc.--Comp.: ambiht-, ealdor-, heal-, magu-, sele-þegn.
+
+þegnian, þênian, w. v., _to serve, do liege service_: pret. sg. ic him
+þênode deóran sweorde (_I served them with my good sword_, i.e. slew them
+with it), 560.
+
+þegn-sorh, st. f., _thane-sorrow, grief for a liegeman_: acc. sg.
+þegn-sorge, 131.
+
+þegu, st. f., _taking_: in comp.: beáh-, beór-, sinc-þegu.
+
+þel, st. n., _deal-board, board for benches_: in comp. benc-þel, 486, 1240.
+
+þencan, w. v.: 1) _to think_: absolutely: pres. sg. III. se þe wel þenceð,
+289; so, 2602. With depend. clause: pres. sg. nænig heora þôhte þät he ...
+(_none of them thought that he_), 692.--2) w. inf., _to intend_: pres. sg.
+III. þâ and-sware ... þe me se gôda â-gifan þenceð (_the answer that the
+good one intendeth to give me_), 355; (blôdig wäl) byrgean þenceð, 448;
+þonne he ... gegân þenceð longsumne lof (_if he will win eternal fame_),
+1536; pret. sg. ne þät aglæca yldan þôhte (_the monster did not mean to
+delay that_), 740; pret. pl. wit unc wið hronfixas werian þôhton, 541;
+(hine) on healfa ge-hwone heáwan þôhton, 801.
+
+â-þencan, _to intend, think out_: pret. sg. (he) þis ellen-weorc âna
+â-þôhte tô ge-fremmanne, 2644.
+
+ge-þencan, w. acc.: 1) _to think of_: þät he his selfa ne mäg ... ende
+ge-þencean (_so that he himself may not think of, know, its limit_),
+1735.--2) _to be mindful_: imper. sg. ge-þenc nu ... hwät wit geó spræcon,
+1475.
+
+þenden: 1) adv., _at this time, then, whilst_: nalles fâcen-stafas
+Þeód-Scyldingas þenden fremedon (_not at all at this time had the Scyldings
+done foul deeds_), 1020 (referring to 1165; cf. Wîdsîð, 45 seqq.); þenden
+reáfode rinc ôðerne (_whilst one warrior robbed another_, i.e. Eofor robbed
+Ongenþeów), 2986.--2) conj., _so long as, whilst_, 30, 57, 284, 1860, 2039,
+2500, 3028;--_whilst_, 2419. With subj., _whilst, as long as_: þenden þu
+môte, 1178; þenden þu lifige, 1255; þenden hyt sý (_whilst the heat
+lasts_), 2650.
+
+þengel, st. m., _prince, lord, ruler_: acc. sg. hringa þengel (Beówulf),
+1508.
+
+þes (m.), þeós (f.), þis (n.), demons. pron., _this_: nom. sg. 411, 432,
+1703; f., 484; nom. acc. neut., 2156, 2252, 2644; þys, 1396; acc. sg. m.
+þisne, 75; f. þâs, 1682; dat. sg. neut. þissum, 1170; þyssum, 2640; f.
+þisse, 639; gen. m. þisses, 1217; f. þisse, 929; neut. þysses, 791, 807;
+nom. pl. and acc. þâs, 1623, 1653, 2636, 2641; dat. þyssum, 1063, 1220.
+
+þê. See þät.
+
+þêh. See þeáh.
+
+þearf, st. f., _need_: nom. sg. þearf, 1251, 2494, 2638; þâ him wäs manna
+þearf (_as he was in need of men_), 201; acc. sg. þearfe, 1457, 2580, 2850;
+fremmað ge nu leóda þearfe (_do ye now what is needful for the folk_),
+2802; dat. sg. ät þearfe, 1478, 1526, 2695, 2710; acc. pl. se for andrysnum
+ealle beweotede þegnes þearfe (_who would supply in courtesy all the
+thane's needs_), 1798 (cf. sele-þegn, 1795).--Comp.: firen-, nearo-,
+ofer-þearf.
+
+þearf. See þurfan.
+
+ge-þearfian, w. v., = _necessitatem imponere_: pret. part. þâ him swâ
+ge-þearfod wäs (_since so they found it necessary_), 1104.
+
+þearle, adv., _very, exceedingly_, 560.
+
+þeáh, þêh, conj., _though, even though_ or _if_: 1) with subj. þeáh, 203,
+526, 588, 590, 1168, 1661, 2032, 2162. Strengthened by þe: þeáh þe, 683,
+1369, 1832, 1928, 1942, 2345, 2620; þeáh ... eal (_although_), 681.--2)
+with indic.: þeáh, 1103; þêh, 1614.--3) doubtful: þeáh he ûðe wel, 2856;
+swâ þeáh (_nevertheless_), 2879; nô ... swâ þeáh (_not then however_), 973;
+näs þe forht swâ þêh (_he was not, though, afraid_), 2968; hwäðre swâ þeáh
+(_yet however_), 2443.
+
+þeáw, st. m., _custom, usage_: nom. sg., 178, 1247; acc. sg. þeáw, 359;
+instr. pl. þeáwum (_in accordance with custom_), 2145.
+
+þeód, st. f.: 1) _war-troop, retainers_: nom. sg., 644, 1231, 1251.--2)
+_nation, folk_: nom. sg., 1692; gen. pl. þeóda, 1706.--Comp.: sige-,
+wer-þeód.
+
+þeód-cyning, st. m., (=folc-cyning), _warrior-king, king of the people_:
+nom. sg. (Hrôðgâr), 2145; (Ongenþeów), 2964, 2971; þiód-cyning (Beówulf),
+2580; acc. sg. þeód-cyning (Beówulf), 3009; gen. sg. þeód-cyninges
+(Beówulf), 2695; gen. pl. þeód-cyninga, 2.
+
+þeóden, st. m., _lord of a troop, war-chief, king; ruler_: nom. sg., 129,
+365, 417, 1047, 1210, 1676, etc.; þióden, 2337, 2811; acc. sg. þeóden, 34,
+201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2884, 3080; þióden, 2789; dat. sg. þeódne, 345,
+1526, 1993, 2573, 2710, etc.; þeóden, 2033; gen. sg. þeódnes 798, 911,
+1086, 1628, 1838, 2175; þiódnes, 2657; nom. pl. þeódnas, 3071.
+
+þeóden-leás, adj., _without chief_ or _king_: nom. pl. þeóden-leáse, 1104.
+
+þeód-gestreón, st. n., _people's-jewel, precious treasure_: instr. pl.
+þeód-ge-streónum, 44; gen. pl. þeód-ge-streóna, 1219.
+
+þeódig, adj., _appertaining to a_ þeód: in comp. el-þeódig.
+
+þeód-scaða, w. m., _foe of the people, general foe_: nom. sg. þeód-sceaða
+(_the dragon_), 2279, 2689.
+
+þeód-þreá, st. f. m., _popular misery, general distress_: dat. pl. wið
+þeód-þreáum, 178.
+
+þeóf, st. m., _thief_: gen. sg. þeófes cräfte, 2221.
+
+þeón, st. v.: 1) _to grow, ripen, thrive_: pret. sg. weorðmyndum þâh (_grew
+in glory_), 8.--2) _to thrive in, succeed_: pret. sg. hûru þät on lande lyt
+manna þâh (_that throve to few_), 2837. See Note, l. 901.
+
+ge-þeón, _to grow, thrive; increase in power and influence_: imper. ge-þeóh
+tela, 1219; inf. lof-dædum sceal ... man geþeón, 25; þät þät þeódnes bearn
+ge-þeón scolde, 911.
+
+on-þeón? _to begin, undertake_, w. gen.: pret. he þäs ær onþâh, 901. [In
+MS. Emended in text.--KTH] See Note, l. 901.
+
+þeon (for þeówan), w. v., _to oppress, restrain_: inf. näs se folc-cyning
+ymb-sittendra ænig þâra þe mec ... dorste egesan þeón (_that durst oppress
+me with terror_), 2737.
+
+þeóstor, adj., _dark, gloomy_: instr. pl. þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2333.
+
+þicgan, st. v. w. acc., _to seize, attain, eat, appropriate_: inf. þät he
+(Grendel) mâ môste manna cynnes þicgean ofer þâ niht, 737; symbel þicgan
+(_take the meal, enjoy the feast_), 1011; pret. pl. þät hie me þêgon, 563;
+þær we medu þêgun, 2634.
+
+ge-þicgan, w. acc., _to grasp, take_: pret. sg. (symbel and sele-ful, ful)
+ge-þeah, 619, 629; Beówulf ge-þah ful on flette, 1025; pret. pl. (medo-ful
+manig) ge-þægon, 1015.
+
+þider, þyder, adv., _thither_: þyder, 3087, 379, 2971.
+
+þihtig, þyhtig, adj., _doughty, vigorous, firm_: acc. sg. neut. sweord ...
+ecgum þyhtig, 1559.--Comp. hyge-þihtig.
+
+þincan. See þyncan.
+
+þing, st. n.: 1) _thing_: gen. pl. ænige þinga (_ullo modo_), 792, 2375,
+2906.--2) _affair, contest, controversy_: nom. sg. me wearð Grendles þing
+... undyrne cûð (_Grendel's doings became known to me_), 409.--3)
+_judgment, issue, judicial assembly_(?): acc. sg. sceal ... âna gehegan
+þing wið þyrse (_shall bring the matter alone to an issue against the
+giant_: see hegan), 426.
+
+ge-þing, st. n.: 1) _terms, covenant_: acc. pl. ge-þingo, 1086.--2) _fate,
+providence, issue_: gen. sg. ge-þinges, 398, 710; (ge-þingea, MS.), 525.
+
+ge-þingan, st. v., _to grow, mature, thrive_ (Dietrich, Haupt IX., 430):
+pret. part. cwên môde ge-þungen (_mature-minded, high-spirited, queen_),
+625. See wel-þungen.
+
+ge-þingan (see ge-þing), w. v.: 1) _to conclude a treaty_: w. refl. dat,
+_enter into a treaty_: pres. sg. III. gif him þonne Hrêðrîc tô hofum Geáta
+ge-þingeð _(if H. enters into a treaty_ (seeks aid at?) _with the court of
+the Geátas_, referring to the old German custom of princes entering the
+service or suite of a foreign king), 1838. Leo.--2) _to prepare, appoint_:
+pret. part. wiste [ät] þäm ahlæcan ... hilde ge-þinged, 648; hraðe wäs ...
+mêce ge-þinged, 1939.
+
+þingian, w. v.: 1) _to speak in an assembly, make an address_: inf. ne
+hýrde ic snotor-lîcor on swâ geongum feore guman þingian (_I never heard a
+man so young speak so wisely_), 1844.--2) _to compound, settle, lay aside_:
+inf. ne wolde feorh-bealo ... feó þingian (_would not compound the
+life-bale for money_), 156; so, pret. sg. þâ fæhðe feó þingode, 470.
+
+þîhan. See þeón.
+
+þin, possess, pron., _thy, thine_, 267, 346, 353, 367, 459, etc.
+
+ge-þôht, st. m., _thought, plan_: acc. sg. ân-fealdne ge-þôht, 256;
+fäst-rædne ge-þôht, 611.
+
+þolian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to endure, bear_: inf. (inwid-sorge) þolian,
+833; pres. sg. III. þreá-nýd þolað, 284; pret. sg. þolode þryðswyð,
+131.--2) _to hold out, stand, survive_: pres. sg. (intrans.) þenden þis
+sweord þolað (_as long as this sword holds out_), 2500; pret. sg. (seó ecg)
+þolode ær fela hand-gemôta, 1526.
+
+ge-þolian: 1) _to suffer, bear, endure_: gerund. tô ge-þolianne, 1420;
+pret. sg. earfoð-lice þrage ge-þolode..., þät he ... dreám gehýrde (_bore
+ill that he heard the sound of joy_), 87; torn ge-þolode (_bore the
+misery_), 147.--2) _to have patience, wait_: inf. þær he longe sceal on þäs
+waldendes wære ge-þolian, 3110.
+
+þon (Goth, þan) = _tum, then, now_, 504; äfter þon (_after that_), 725; ær
+þon däg cwôme (_ere day came_), 732; nô þon lange (_it was not long till
+then_), 2424; näs þâ long tô þon (_it was not long till then_), 2592, 2846;
+wäs him se man tô þon leóf þät ... _(the man was to that degree dear to him
+that ..._), 1877.
+
+þonne: 1) adv., _there, then, now_, 377, 435, 525, 1105, 1456, 1485, 1672,
+1823, 3052, 3098(?).--2) conj., _if, when, while_: a) w. indic., 573, 881,
+935, 1034, 1041, 1043, 1144, 1286, 1327, 1328, 1375, etc.; þät ic
+gum-cystum gôdne funde beága bryttan, breác þonne môste (_that I found a
+good ring-giver and enjoyed him whilst I could_), 1488. b) w. subj., 23,
+1180, 3065; þonne ...þonne (_then ... when_), 484-85, 2447-48; gif þonne
+...þonne (_if then ... then_), 1105-1107. c) _than_ after comparatives, 44,
+248, 469, 505, 534, 679, 1140, 1183, etc.; a comparative must be supplied,
+l. 70, before þone: þät he ... hâtan wolde medo-ärn micel men ge-wyrcean
+þone yldo bearn æfre ge-frunon (_a great mead-house_ (greater) _than men
+had ever known_).
+
+þracu, st. f., _strength, boldness_: in comp. môd-þracu; = impetus in
+ecg-þracu.
+
+þrag, st. f., _period of time, time_: nom. sg. þâ hine sió þrag be-cwom
+(_when the_ [battle]-_hour befell him_), 2884; acc. sg. þrage (_for a
+time_), 87; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114.--Comp. earfoð-þrag.
+
+ge-þräc, st. n., _multitude, crowd_: in comp. searo-ge-þräc.
+
+þrec-wudu, st. m., (_might-wood_), _spear_ (cf. mägen-wudu): acc. sg.,
+1247.
+
+þreá, st. m. f., _misery, distress_: in comp. þeód-þreá, þreá-nêdla, -nýd.
+
+þreá-nêdla, w. m., _crushing distress, misery_: dat. sg. for þreá-nêdlan,
+2225.
+
+þrea-nýd, st. f., _oppression, distress_: acc. sg. þreá-nýd, 284; dat. pl.
+þreá-nýdum, 833.
+
+þreát, st. m., _troop, band_: dat. sg. on þam þreáte, 2407; dat. pl.
+sceaðena þreátum, 4.--Comp. îren-þreát.
+
+þreátian, w. v. w. acc., _to press, oppress_: pret. pl. mec ...þreátedon,
+560.
+
+þreot-teoða, num. adj. w. m., _thirteenth_: nom. sg. þreot-teoða secg,
+2407.
+
+þreó, num. (neut.), _three_: acc. þrió wicg, 2175; þreó hund wintra, 2279.
+
+þridda, num. adj. w. m., _third_: instr. þriddan sîðe, 2689.
+
+ge-þring, st. n., _eddy, whirlpool, crush_: acc. on holma ge-þring, 2133.
+
+þringan, st. v., _to press_: pret. sg. wergendra tô lyt þrong ymbe þeóden
+(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret. pl. syððan
+Hrêðlingas tô hagan þrungon (_after the Hrethlingas had pressed into the
+hedge_), 2961.
+
+for-þringan, _to press out; rescue, protect_: inf. þät he ne mehte ...þâ
+weá-lâfe wîge for-þringan þeódnes þegne (_that he could not rescue the
+wretched remnant from the king's thane by war_), 1085.
+
+ge-þringan, _to press_: pret. sg. ceól up geþrang (_the ship shot up_),
+i.e. on the shore in landing), 1913.
+
+þritig, num., _thirty_ (neut. subst.): acc. sg. w. partitive gen.: þritig
+þegna, 123; gen. þrittiges (XXXtiges MS.) manna, 379.
+
+þrîst-hydig, adj., _bold-minded, valorous_: nom. sg. þióden þrîst-hydig
+(Beówulf), 2811.
+
+þrowian, w. v. w. acc., _to suffer, endure_: inf. (hât, gnorn) þrowian,
+2606, 2659; pret. sg. þrowade, 1590, 1722; þrowode, 2595.
+
+þryð, st. f., _abundance, multitude_, _excellence, power_: instr. pl.
+þryðum (_excellently, extremely; excellent in strength?_), 494.
+
+þryð-ärn, st. n., _excellent house, royal hall_: acc. sg. (of Heorot), 658.
+
+þryðlîc, adj., _excellent, chosen_: nom. sg. þryð-lîc þegna heáp, 400,
+1628; superl. acc. pl. þryð-lîcost, 2870.
+
+þrýð-swýð, st. n.?, _great pain_ (?): acc., 131, 737 [? adj., _very
+powerful, exceeding strong_].
+
+þryð-word, st. n., _bold speech, choice discourse_: nom. sg., 644. (Great
+store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's Nibelunge, 1612; Rîgsmâl,
+29, 7, in Möbius, p. 79b, 22.)
+
+þrym, st. m.: 1) _power, might, force_: nom. sg. ýða þrym, 1919; instr. pl.
+= adv. þrymmum (_powerfully_), 235.--2) _glory, renown_: acc. sg. þrym,
+2.--Comp. hyge-þrym.
+
+þrym-lîc, adj., _powerful, mighty_: nom. sg. þrec-wudu þrym-lîc (_the
+mighty spear_), 1247.
+
+þu, pron., _thou_, 366, 407, 445, etc.; acc. sg. þec (poetic), 948, 2152,
+etc.; þe, 417, 426, 517, etc.; after compar. sêlran þe (_a better one than
+thee_), 1851. See ge.
+
+þunca, w. m. See äf-þunca.
+
+ge-þungen. See ge-þingan, st. v.
+
+þurfan, pret.-pres. v., _to need_: pres. sg. II. nô þu ne þearft ...
+sorgian (_needest not care_), 450; so, 445, 1675; III. ne þearf ...
+onsittan (_need not fear_), 596; so, 2007, 2742; pres. subj. þät he ...
+sêcean þurfe, 2496; pret. sg. þorfte, 157, 1027, 1072, 2875, 2996; pl.
+nealles Hetware hrêmge þorfton (i.e. wesan) fêðe-wîges (_needed not boast
+of their foot-fight_), 2365.
+
+ge-þuren. See þweran.
+
+þurh, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local, _through,
+throughout_: wôd þâ þurh þone wäl-rêc (_went then through the
+battle-reek_), 2662.--II. causal: l) _on account of, for the sake of, owing
+to_: þurh slîðne nîð (_through fierce hostility, heathenism_), 184; þurh
+holdne hige (_from friendliness_), 267; so, þurh rûmne sefan, 278; þurh
+sîdne sefan, 1727; eóweð þurh egsan uncûðne nîð (_shows unheard-of
+hostility by the terror he causes_), 276; so, 1102, 1336, 2046. 2) _by
+means of, through_: heaðo-ræs for-nam mihtig mere-deór þurh mîne hand, 558;
+þurh ânes cräft, 700; so, 941, 1694, 1696, 1980, 2406, 3069.
+
+þus, adv., _so, thus_, 238, 337, 430.
+
+þunian, w. v., _to din, sound forth_: pret. sg. sund-wudu þunede, 1907.
+
+þûsend, num., _thousand_: 1) fem. acc. ic þe þûsenda þegna bringe tô helpe,
+1830.--2) neut. with measure of value (sceat) omitted: acc. seofan þûsendo,
+2196; gen. hund-þûsenda landes and locenra beága (100,000 _sceattas' worth
+of land and rings_), 2995.--3) uninflected: acc. þûsend wintra, 3051.
+
+þwære, adj., _affable, mild_: in comp. man-þwære.
+
+ge-þwære, adj., _gentle, mild_: nom. pl. ge-þwære, 1231.
+
+ge-þweran, st. v., _to forge, strike_: pret. part. heoru ... hamere
+ge-þuren (for ge-þworen) (_hammer-forged sword_), 1286.
+
+þyhtig. See þihtig.
+
+ge-þyld (see þolian), st. f.: 1) _patience, endurance_: acc. sg. ge-þyld,
+1396.--2) _steadfastness_: instr. pl. = adv.: ge-þyldum (_steadfastly,
+patiently_), 1706.
+
+þyle, st. m., _spokesman, leader of the conversation at court_: nom. sg.,
+1166, 1457.
+
+þyncan, þincean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to seem, appear_: pres. sg. III.
+þinceð him tô lytel (_it seems to him too little_), 1749; ne þynceð me
+gerysne, þät we _(it seemeth to me not fit that we_ ...), 2654; pres. pl.
+hy ... wyrðe þinceað eorla ge-æhtlan (_they seem worthy contenders with_
+(?) _earls_; or, _worthy warriors_), 368; pres. subj. swâ him ge-met þince,
+688; inf. þincean, 1342; pret. sg. þûhte, 2462, 3058; nô his lîf-gedâl
+sâr-lîc þûhte secga ænigum (_his death seemed painful to none of men_),
+843; pret. pl. þær him fold-wegas fägere þûhton, 867.
+
+of-þincan, _to displease, offend_: inf. mäg þäs þonne of-þyncan þeóden
+(dat.) Heaðo-beardna and þegna gehwâm þâra leóda, 2033.
+
+þyrs, st. m., _giant_: dat. sg. wið þyrse (Grendel), 426.
+
+þys-lîc, adj., _such, of such a nature_: nom. sg. fem. þys-lîcu þearf,
+2638.
+
+þý. See þät.
+
+þýwan (M.H.G. diuhen, O.H.G. duhan), w. v., _to crush, oppress_: inf. gif
+þec ymb-sittend egesan þýwað (_if thy neighbors oppress thee with dread_),
+1828.
+
+þýstru, st. f., _darkness_: dat. pl. in þýstrum, 87.
+
+ge-þýwe, adj., _customary, usual_: nom. sg. swâ him ge-þýwe ne wäs (_as was
+not his custom_), 2333.
+
+
+U
+
+ufan, _adv., from above_, 1501; _above_, 330.
+
+ufera (prop. _higher_), adj., _later_: dat. pl. ufaran dôgrum, 2201, 2393.
+
+ufor, adv., _higher_, 2952.
+
+uhte, w. f., _twilight_ or _dawn_: dat. or acc. on uhtan, 126.
+
+uht-floga, w. m., _twilight-flier, dawn-flier_ (epithet of the dragon):
+gen. sg. uht-flogan, 2761.
+
+uht-hlem, st. m., _twilight-cry, dawn-cry_: acc. sg., 2008.
+
+uht-sceaða, w. m., _twilight-_ or _dawn-foe_: nom. sg., 2272.
+
+umbor, st. n., _child, infant_: acc. sg., 46; dat. sg., 1188.
+
+un-blîðe, adv.(?), _unblithely, sorrowfully_, 130, 2269; (adj., nom. pl.?),
+3032.
+
+un-byrnende, pres. part., _unburning, without burning_, 2549.
+
+unc, dat. and acc. of the dual wit, _us two, to us two_, 1784, 2138, 2527;
+gen. hwäðer ... uncer twega (_which of us two_), 2533; uncer Grendles (_of
+us two, G. and me_), 2003.
+
+uncer, poss. pron., _of us two_: nom. sg. [uncer], 2002(?); dat. pl. uncran
+eaferan, 1186.
+
+un-cûð, adj.: 1) _unknown_: nom. sg. stîg ... eldum uncûð, 2215; acc. sg.
+neut. uncûð ge-lâd (_unknown ways_), 1411.--2) _unheard-of, barbarous,
+evil_: acc. sg. un-cûðne nîð, 276; gen. sg. un-cûðes (_of the foe_,
+Grendel), 961.
+
+under, I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat., answering question where? =
+_under_ (of rest), contrasted with _over_: bât (wäs) under beorge, 211; þâ
+cwom Wealhþeó forð gân under gyldnum beáge (_W. walked forth under a golden
+circlet_, i.e. decked with), 1164; siððan he under segne sine ealgode
+(_under his banner_), 1205; he under rande ge-cranc (_sank under his
+shield_), 1210; under wolcnum, 8, 1632; under heofenum, 52, 505; under
+roderum, 310; under helme, 342, 404; under here-grîman, 396, 2050, 2606;
+so, 711, 1198, 1303, 1929, 2204, 2416, 3061, 3104.--2) w. acc.: a)
+answering question whither? = _under_ (of motion): þâ secg wîsode under
+Heorotes hrôf, 403; siððan æfen-leóht under heofenes hâdor be-holen
+weorðeð, 414; under sceadu bregdan, 708; fleón under fen-hleoðu, 821; hond
+âlegde ... under geápne hrôf, 837; teón in under eoderas, 1038; so, 1361,
+1746, 2129, 2541, 2554, 2676, 2745; so, häfde þâ for-sîðod sunu Ecg-þeówes
+under gynne grund, 1552 (for-sîðian requires acc.). b) after verbs of
+venturing and fighting, with acc. of object had in view: he under hârne
+stân ...âna ge-nêðde frêcne dæde, 888; ne dorste under ýða ge-win aldre
+ge-nêðan, 1470. c) indicating extent, with acc. after expressions of limit,
+etc.: under swegles begong (_as far as the sky extends_), 861, 1774; under
+heofenes hwealf (_as far as heaven's vault reaches_), 2016.
+
+II. Adv., _beneath, below_: stîg under läg (_a path lay beneath_, i.e. the
+rock), 2214.
+
+undern-mæl, st. n., _midday_: acc. sg., 1429.
+
+un-dyrne, un-derne, adj., _without concealment, plain, clear_: nom. sg.,
+127, 2001; un-derne, 2912.
+
+un-dyrne, adv., _plainly, evidently_; un-dyrne cûð, 150, 410.
+
+un-fäger, adj., _unlovely, hideous_: nom. sg. leóht un-fäger, 728.
+
+un-fæcne, adj., _without malice, sincere_: nom. sg., 2069.
+
+un-fæge, adj., _not death-doomed_ or "_fey_": nom. sg., 2292; acc. sg.
+un-fægne eorl, 573.
+
+un-flitme, adv., _solemnly, incontestably_: Finn Hengeste elne unflitme
+âðum benemde (_F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths_) [if an adj., elne un-f.
+= _unconquerable in valor_], 1098.
+
+un-forht, adj., _fearless, bold_: nom. sg., 287; acc. pl. unforhte (adv.?),
+444. See Note.
+
+un-from, adj., _unfit, unwarlike_: nom. sg., 2189.
+
+un-frôd, adj., _not aged, young_: dat sg. guman un-frôdum, 2822.
+
+un-gedêfelîce, adv., _unjustly, contrary to right and custom_, 2436.
+
+un-gemete, adv., _immeasurably, exceedingly_, 2421, 2722, 2729.
+
+un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg., the same, 1793.
+
+un-geâra, adv., (_not old_), _recently, lately_, 933; _soon_, 603.
+
+un-gifeðe, adj., _not to be granted; refused_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+un-gleáw, adj., _regardless, reckless_: acc. sg. sweord ... ecgum ungleáw
+(of a sharp-edged sword), 2565.
+
+un-hâr, adj., _very gray_: nom. sg., 357; (_bald_?).
+
+un-hælo, st. f., _mischief, destruction_: gen. sg. wiht un-hælo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120.
+
+un-heóre, un-hýre, adj., _monstrous, horrible_: nom. sg. m., weard un-hióre
+(the dragon), 2414; neut. wîf un-hýre (Grendel's mother), 2121; nom. pl.
+neut. hand-sporu ... unheóru (of Grendel's claws), 988.
+
+un-hlytme, un-hlitme, adv. (cf. A.S. hlytm = _lot_; O.N. hluti = _part
+division_), _undivided, unseparated_, _united_, 1130 [unless = un-flitme,
+1098]. See Note.
+
+un-leóf, adj., _hated_: acc. pl. seah on un-leófe, 2864.
+
+un-lifigende, pres. part., _unliving, lifeless_: nom. sg. un-lifigende,
+468; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, 1309; dat. sg. un-lifgendum, 1390; gen. sg.
+un-lyfigendes, 745.
+
+un-lytel, adj., _not little, very large_: nom. sg. duguð un-lytel (_a great
+band of warriors_? or _great joy_?), 498; dôm un-lytel (_no little glory_),
+886; acc. sg. torn un-lytel (_very great shame, misery_), 834.
+
+un-murnlîce, adv., _unpityingly, without sorrowing_, 449, 1757.
+
+unnan, pret.-pres. v., _to grant, give; wish, will_: pret.-pres. sg. I. ic
+þe an tela sinc-gestreóna, 1226; weak pret. sg. I. ûðe ic swîðor þät þu
+hine selfne ge-seón môste, 961; III. he ne ûðe þät ...(_he granted not that
+..._), 503; him god ûðe þät ... he hyne sylfne ge-wräc (_God granted to him
+that he avenged himself_), 2875; þeáh he ûðe wel (_though he well would_),
+2856.
+
+ge-unnan, _to grant, permit_: inf. gif he ûs ge-unnan wile þät we hine ...
+grêtan môton, 346; me ge-ûðe ylda waldend, þät ic ... ge-seah hangian (_the
+Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging ..._), 1662.
+
+un-nyt, adj., _useless_: nom. sg., 413, 3170.
+
+un-riht, st. n., _unright, injustice, wrong_: acc. sg. unriht, 1255, 2740;
+instr. sg. un-rihte (_unjustly, wrongly_), 3060.
+
+un-rîm, st. n., _immense number_: nom. sg., 1239, 3136; acc. sg., 2625.
+
+un-rîme, adj., _countless, measureless_: nom. sg. gold un-rîme, 3013.
+
+un-rôt, adj., _sorrowing_: nom. pl. un-rôte, 3149.
+
+un-snyttru, st. f., _lack of wisdom_: dat. pl. for his un-snyttrum (_for
+his unwisdom_), 1735.
+
+un-softe, adv., _unsoftly, with violence_ (_hardly_?), 2141; _scarcely_,
+1656.
+
+un-swýðe, adv., _not strongly_ or _powerfully_: compar. (ecg) bât unswîðor
+þonne his þiód-cyning þearfe häfde (_the sword bit less sharply than the
+prince of the people needed_), 2579; fýr unswîðor weóll, 2882.
+
+un-synnig, adj., _guiltless, sinless_: acc. sg. un-synnigne, 2090.
+
+un-synnum, adv. instr. pl., _guiltlessly_, 1073.
+
+un-tæle, adj., _blameless_: acc. pl. un-tæle, 1866.
+
+un-tyder, st. m., _evil race, monster_: nom. pl. un-tydras, 111. [Cf. Ger.
+un-mensch.]
+
+un-wâclîc, adj., _that cannot be shaken; firm, strong_: acc. sg. âd ...
+un-wâclîcne, 3139.
+
+un-wearnum, adv. instr. pl., _unawares, suddenly_; (_unresistingly_?), 742.
+
+un-wrecen, pret. part., _unavenged_, 2444.
+
+up, adv., _up, upward_, 224, 519, 1374, 1620, 1913, 1921, 2894; (of the
+voice), þâ wäs ... wôp up âhafen, 128; so, 783.
+
+up-lang, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 760.
+
+uppe (adj., ûfe, ûffe), adv., _above_, 566.
+
+up-riht, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 2093.
+
+uton. See wuton.
+
+
+Û
+
+ûð-genge, adj., _transitory, evanescent, ready to depart_, (_fled_?): þær
+wäs Äsc-here ... feorh ûð-genge, 2124.
+
+ûs, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of we (see we), _us, to us_, 1822, 2636,
+2643, 2921, 3002, 3079; acc. (poetic), ûsic, 2639, 2641, 2642;--gen. ûre:
+ûre æg-hwylc (_each of us_), 1387; ûser, 2075.
+
+ûser, possess, pron.: nom. sg. ûre man-drihten, 2648; dat. sg. ûssum
+hlâforde, 2635; gen. sg. neut. ûsses cynnes, 2814; dat. pl. ûrum ... bâm
+(_to us both, two_) (for unc bâm), 2660.
+
+ût, adv., _out_, 215, 537, 664, 1293, 1584, 2082, 2558, 3131.
+
+ûtan, adv., _from without, without_, 775, 1032, 1504, 2335.
+
+ût-fûs, adj., _ready to go_: nom. sg. hringed-stefna îsig and ût-fûs, 33.
+
+ût-weard, adj., _outward, outside, free_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel) wäs
+ût-weard, 762.
+
+ûtan-weard, adj., _without, outward, from without_: acc. sg. hlæw ... ealne
+ûtan-weardne, 2298.
+
+
+W
+
+*wacan, st. v., _to awake, arise, originate_: pret. sg. þanon (from Cain)
+wôc fela geó-sceaft-gâsta, 1266; so, 1961; pl. þâm feówer bearn ... in
+worold wôcun, 60.
+
+*on-wacan: 1) _to awake_ (intrans.): pret. sg. þâ se wyrm on-wôc (_when the
+drake awoke_), 2288.--2) _to be born_: pret. sg. him on-wôc heáh Healfdene,
+56; pl. on-wôcon, 111.
+
+wacian, w. v., _to watch_: imper. sg. waca wið wrâðum! 661.
+
+wadan, st. v., (cf. wade, waddle) _to traverse; stride, go_: pret. sg. wôd
+þurh þone wäl-rêc, 2662; wôd under wolcnum (_stalked beneath the clouds_),
+715.
+
+ge-wadan, _to attain by moving, come to, reach_: pret. part. ôð þät ...
+wunden-stefna ge-waden häfde, þät þâ lîðende land ge-sâwon (_till the ship
+had gone so far that the sailors saw land_), 220.
+
+on-wadan, w. acc., _to invade, befall_: pret. sg. hine fyren on-wôd(?),
+916.
+
+þurh-wadan, _to penetrate, pierce_: pret. sg. þät swurd þurh-wôd wrät-lîcne
+wyrm, 891; so, 1568.
+
+wag, st. m., _wall_: dat. sg. on wage, 1663; dat. pl. äfter wagum (_along
+the walls_), 996.
+
+wala, w. m., _boss_: nom. pl. walan, 1032 (cf. Bouterwek in Haupt XI., 85
+seqq.).
+
+walda, w. m., _wielder, ruler_: in comp. an-, eal-walda.
+
+wald-swaðu, st. f., _forest-path_: dat. pl. äfter wald-swaðum (_along the
+wood-paths_), 1404.
+
+wam, wom, st. m., _spot, blot, sin_: acc. sg. him be-beorgan ne con wom
+(_cannot protect himself from evil_ or _from the evil strange orders_,
+etc.; wom = wogum? = _crooked_?), 1748; instr. pl. wommum, 3074.
+
+wan, won, adj., _wan, lurid, dark_: nom. sg, ýð-geblond ... won (_the dark
+waves_), 1375; se wonna hrefn (_the black raven_), 3025; wonna lêg (_lurid
+flame_), 3116; dat. sg. f. on wanre niht, 703; nom. pl. neut. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu ... wan, 652.
+
+wang, st. m., _mead, field; place_: acc. sg. wang, 93, 225; wong, 1414,
+2410, 3074; dat. sg. wange, 2004; wonge, 2243, 3040; acc. pl. wongas,
+2463.--Comp.: freoðo-, grund-, medo-, sæ-wang.
+
+wang-stede, st. m., (locus campestris), _spot, place_: dat. sg. wong-stede,
+2787.
+
+wan-hýd (for hygd), st. f., _heedlessness, recklessness_: dat. pl. for his
+won-hýdum, 434.
+
+wanian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to decrease, wane_: inf. þâ þät sweord ongan
+... wanian, 1608.--2) w. acc., _to cause to wane_ or _lessen_: pret. sg. he
+tô lange leóde mîne wanode, 1338.
+
+ge-wanian, _to decrease, diminish_: pret. part. is mîn flet-werod ...
+ge-wanod, 477.
+
+wan-sælig, adj., _unhappy, wretched_: nom. sg. won-sælig wer (Grendel),
+105.
+
+wan-sceaft, st. f., _misery, want_: acc. sg. won-sceaft, 120.
+
+warian, w. v. w. acc., _to occupy, guard, possess_: pres. sg. III. þær he
+hæðen gold warað (_where he guards heathen gold_), 2278; pl. III. hie
+(Grendel and his mother) dýgel land warigeað, 1359; pret. sg. (Grendel)
+goldsele warode, 1254; (Cain) wêsten warode, 1266.
+
+waroð, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. tô waroðe, 234; acc. pl. wide waroðas,
+1966.
+
+waru, st. f., _inhabitants_, (collective) _population_: in comp. land-waru.
+
+wâ, interj., _woe!_ wâ bið þäm þe... (_woe to him that..._), 183.
+
+wâðu, st. f., _way, journey_: in comp. gamen-wâðu.
+
+wânian, w. v., _to weep, whine, howl_, w. acc.: inf. gehýrdon ... sâr
+wânigean helle häftan (_they heard the hell-fastened one lamenting his
+pain_), 788; pret. sg. [wânode], 3152(?).
+
+wât. See witan.
+
+wäcean, w. v., _to watch_: pret. part wäccende, 709, 2842; acc. sg. m.
+wäccendne wer, 1269. See wacian.
+
+wäcnan, w. v., _to be awake, come forth_: inf., 85.
+
+wäd, st. n., (the moving) _sea, ocean_: nom. wado weallende, 546; wadu
+weallendu, 581; gen. pl. wada 508.
+
+wäfre, adj., _wavering_ (like flame), _ghostlike, without distinct bodily
+form_: nom. sg. wäl-gæst wäfre (of Grendel's mother), 1332;--_flickering,
+expiring_: nom. sg. wäfre môd, 1151; him wäs geômor sefa, wäfre and
+wäl-fûs, 2421.
+
+be-wägnan, w. v., _to offer_: pret part, him wäs ... freónd-laðu wordum
+be-wägned, 1194.
+
+wäl, st. n., _battle, slaughter, the slain in battle_: acc. sg. wäl, 1213,
+3028, blôdig wäl, 448; oððe on wäl crunge (_or in battle, among the slain,
+fall_), 636; dat. sg. sume on wäle crungon (_some fell in the slaughter_),
+1114; dat. sg. in Fr...es wäle (proper name in MS. destroyed), 1071; nom.
+pl. walu, 1043.
+
+wäl-bed, st. n., _slaughter-bed, deathbed_: dat. sg. on wäl-bedde, 965.
+
+wäl-bend, st. f., _death-bond_: acc. sg. or pl. wäl-bende ...
+hand-gewriðene, 1937.
+
+wäl-bleát, adj., _deadly, mortal, cruel_: acc. sg. wunde wäl-bleáte, 2726.
+
+wäl-deáð, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 696.
+
+wäl-dreór, st. m., _battle-gore_: instr. sg. wäl-dreóre, 1632.
+
+wäl-fâh, adj., _slaughter-stained, blood-stained_: acc. sg. wäl-fâgne
+winter, 1129.
+
+wäl-fähð, st. f., _deadly feud_: gen. pl. wäl-fæhða, 2029.
+
+wäl-feall, st. m., _(fall of the slain), death, destruction_: dat. sg. tô
+wäl-fealle, 1712.
+
+wäl-fûs, adj., _ready for death, foreboding death_: nom. sg., 2421.
+
+wäl-fyllo, st. f., _fill of slaughter_: dat. sg. mid þære wäl-fulle (i.e.
+the thirty men nightly slaughtered at Heorot by Grendel), 125; wäl-fylla?
+3155.
+
+wäl-fýr, st. n.: 1) _deadly fire_: instr. sg. wäl-fýre (of the fire-spewing
+dragon), 2583.--2) _corpse-consuming fire, funeral pyre_: gen. pl. wäl-fýra
+mæst, 1120.
+
+wäl-gæst, st. m., _deadly sprite_ (of Grendel and his mother): nom. sg.
+wäl-gæst, 1332; acc. sg. þone wäl-gæst, 1996.
+
+wäl-hlem, st. m., _death-stroke_: acc. sg. wäl-hlem þone, 1996.
+
+wälm, st. m., _flood, whelming water_: nom. sg. þære burnan wälm, 2547;
+gen. sg. þäs wälmes (_of the surf_), 2136.--Comp. cear-wälm.
+
+wäl-nîð, st. m., _deadly hostility_: nom. sg., 3001; dat. sg. äfter
+wäl-nîðe, 85; nom. pl. wäl-nîðas, 2066.
+
+wäl-râp, st. m., _flood-fetter, i.e. ice_: acc. pl. wäl-râpas, 1611; (cf.
+wäll, wel, wyll = _well, flood_: leax sceal on wäle mid sceóte scrîðan,
+Gnom. Cott. 39).
+
+wäl-ræs, st. m., _deadly onslaught_: nom. sg., 2948; dat. sg. wäl-ræse,
+825, 2532.
+
+wäl-rest, st. f., _death-bed_, acc. sg. wäl-reste, 2903.
+
+wäl-rêc, st. m., _deadly reek_ or _smoke_: acc. sg. wôd þâ þurh þone
+wäl-rêc, 2662.
+
+wäl-reáf, st, n., _booty of the slain, battle-plunder_: acc. sg., 1206.
+
+wäl-reów, adj., _bold in battle_: nom. sg., 630.
+
+wäl-sceaft, st. m., _deadly shaft, spear_: acc. pl. wäl-sceaftas, 398.
+
+wäl-seax, st. n., _deadly knife, war-knife_: instr. sg. wäll-seaxe, 2704.
+
+wäl-stenge, st. m., _battle-spear_: dat. sg. on þam wäl-stenge, 1639.
+
+wäl-stôw, st. f., _battle-field_: dat. sg. wäl-stôwe, 2052, 2985.
+
+wästm, st. m., _growth, form, figure_: dat. sg. on weres wästmum (_in man's
+form_), 1353.
+
+wäter, st. n., _water_: nom. sg., 93, 1417, 1515, 1632; acc. sg. wäter,
+1365, 1620; deóp wäter (_the deep_), 509, 1905; ofer wîd wäter (_over the
+high sea]_, 2474; dat. sg. äfter wätere _(along the Grendel-sea_), 1426;
+under wätere (_at the bottom of the sea_), 1657; instr. wätere, 2723;
+wätre, 2855; gen. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the surface of the sea_),
+471; on wäteres æht, 516; þurh wäteres wylm (_through the sea-wave_), 1694;
+gen. = instr. wäteres weorpan (_to sprinkle with water_), 2792.
+
+wäter-egesa, st. m., _water-terror_, i.e. _the fearful sea_: acc. sg., 1261
+
+wäter-ýð, st. f., _water-wave, billow_: dat. pl. wäter-ýðum, 2243.
+
+wæd, st. f., _(weeds), garment_: in comp. here-, hilde-wæd.
+
+ge-wæde, st. n., _clothing_, especially _battle-equipments_: acc. pl.
+gewædu, 292.--Comp. eorl-gewæde.
+
+wæg, st. m., _wave_: acc. sg. wæg, 3133.
+
+wæg-bora, w. m., _wave-bearer, swimmer_ (bearing or propelling the waves
+before him): nom. sg. wundorlîc wæg-bora (of a sea-monster), 1441.
+
+wæg-flota, w. m., _sea-sailer, ship_: acc. sg. wêg-flotan, 1908.
+
+wæg-holm, st. m., _the wave-filled sea_: acc. sg. ofer wæg-holm, 217.
+
+wæge, st. n., _cup, can_: acc. sg. fäted wæge, 2254, 2283.--Comp.: ealo-,
+lîð-wæge.
+
+wæg-lîðend, pres. part., _sea-farer_: dat. pl. wæg-lîðendum (et lîðendum,
+MS.), 3160.
+
+wæg-sweord, st. n., _heavy sword_: acc. sg., 1490.
+
+wæn, st. m., _wain, wagon_: acc. sg. on wæn, 3135.
+
+wæpen, st. n., _weapon; sword_: nom. sg., 1661; acc. sg. wæpen, 686, 1574,
+2520, 2688; instr. wæpne, 1665, 2966; gen. wæpnes, 1468; acc. pl. wæpen,
+292; dat. pl. wæpnum, 250, 331, 2039, 2396. --Comp.: hilde-, sige-wæpen.
+
+wæpned-man, st. m., _warrior, man_: dat. sg. wæpned-men, 1285.
+
+wær, st. f., _covenant, treaty_: acc. sg. wære, 1101;--_protection, care_:
+dat. sg. on freán (on þäs waldendes) wære (_into God's protection_), 27,
+3110.--Comp.: frioðo-wær.
+
+wæsma, w. m., _fierce strength, war-strength_: in comp. here-wæsma, 678.
+
+we, pers. pron., _we_, 942, 959, 1327, 1653, 1819, 1820, etc.
+
+web, st. n., _woven work, tapestry_:, nom. pl. web, 996.
+
+webbe, w. f., _webster, female weaver_: in comp. freoðu-webbe.
+
+weccan, weccean, w. v. w. acc., _to wake, rouse; recall_: inf. wîg-bealu
+weccan (_to stir up strife_), 2047; nalles hearpan swêg (sceal) wîgend
+weccean (_the sound of the harp shall not wake up the warriors_), 3025;
+ongunnon þâ ... bæl-fýra mæst wîgend weccan (_the warriors then began to
+start the mightiest of funeral pyres_), 3145; pret. sg. wehte hine wätre
+(_roused him with water_, i.e. Wîglâf recalled Beówulf to consciousness),
+2855.
+
+tô-weccan, _to stir up, rouse_: pret, pl. hû þâ folc mid him (_with one
+another_), fæhðe tô-wehton, 2949.
+
+wed, st. n., (cf. wed-ding), _pledge_: dat. sg. hyldo tô wedde (_as a
+pledge of his favor_), 2999.
+
+weder, st. n., _weather_: acc. pl. wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137; gen. pl.
+wedera cealdost, 546.
+
+ge-wef, st. n., _woof, weaving_: acc. pl. wîg-spêda ge-wiofu (_the woof of
+war-speed_: the battle-woof woven for weal or woe by the Walkyries; cf.
+Njals-saga, 158), 698.
+
+weg, st. m., _way_: acc. sg. on weg (_away, off_), 264, 764, 845, 1431,
+2097; gyf þu on weg cymest (_if thou comest off safe_, i.e. from the battle
+with Grendel's mother), 1383.--Comp.: feor-, fold-, forð-, wîd-weg.
+
+wegan, st. v. w. acc., _to bear, wear, bring, possess_: subj. pres. nâh hwâ
+sweord wege (_I have none that may bear the sword_), 2253; inf. nalles
+(sceal) eorl wegan mâððum tô ge-myndum (_no earl shall wear a memorial
+jewel_), 3016; pret. ind. he þâ frätwe wäg ... ofer ýða ful (_bore the
+jewels over the goblet of the waves_), 1208; wäl-seaxe ... þät he on byrnan
+wäg, 2705; heortan sorge wäg (_bore heart's sorrow_); so, 152, 1778, 1932,
+2781.
+
+ät-wegan = _auferre, to carry off_: syððan Hâma ät-wäg tô þære byrhtan
+byrig Brosinga mene (_since H. bore from the bright city the
+Brosing-collar_), 1199.
+
+ge-wegan (O.N. wega), _to fight_: inf. þe he wið þam wyrme ge-wegan
+sceolde, 2401.
+
+wel, adv.: 1) _well_: wel bið þäm þe ... (_well for him that ...!_), 186;
+se þe wel þenceð (_he that well thinketh, judgeth_), 289; so, 640, 1046,
+1822, 1834, 1952, 2602; well, 2163, 2813.--2) _very, very much_: Geát
+ungemetes wel ... restan lyste (_the Geat longed sorely to rest_),
+1793.--3) _indeed, to be sure_, 2571, 2856.
+
+wela, w. m., _wealth, goods, possessions_: in comp. ær-, burg-, hord-,
+mâððum-wela.
+
+wel-hwylc, indef. pron., = quivis, _any you please, any_ (each, all): gen.
+pl. wel-hwylcra wilna, 1345; w. partitive gen.: nom. sg. witena wel-hwylc,
+266;--substantively: acc. neut. wel-hwylc, 875.
+
+welig, adj., _wealthy, rich_: acc. sg. wîc-stede weligne Wægmundinga, 2608.
+
+wel-þungen, pres. part., _well-thriven_ (in mind), _mature, high-minded_:
+nom. sg. Hygd (wäs) swîðe geong, wîs, wel-þungen, 1928.
+
+wenian, w. v., _to accustom, attract, honor_: subj. pret. þät ...
+Folcwaldan sunu ... Hengestes heáp hringum wenede (_sh. honor_), 1092.
+
+be-(bi-)wenian, _entertain, care for, attend_: pret. sg. mäg þäs þonne
+of-þyncan þeóden Heaðo-beardna ... þonne he mid fæmnan on flet gæð,
+dryht-bearn Dena duguða bi-wenede (_may well displease the prince of the
+H.... when he with the woman goes into the hall, that a noble scion of the
+Danes should entertain, bear wine to, the knights_, cf. 494 seqq.; or, _a
+noble scion of the Danes should attend on her?_), 2036; pret. part. nom.
+pl. wæron her tela willum be-wenede, 1822.
+
+wendan, w. v., _to turn_: pres. sg. III. him eal worold wendeð on willan
+(_all the world turns at his will_), 1740.
+
+ge-wendan, w. acc.: l) _to turn, turn round_: pret. sg. wicg gewende
+(_turned his horse_), 315.--2) _to turn_ (intrans.), _change_: inf. wâ bið
+þäm þe sceal ... frôfre ne wênan, wihte ge-wendan (_woe to him that shall
+have no hope, shall not change at all_), 186.
+
+on-wendan, _to avert, set aside_: 1) w. acc.: inf. ne mihte snotor häleð
+weán on-wendan, 191.--2) intrans.: sibb æfre ne mäg wiht on-wendan þam þe
+wel þenceð (_in, to, him that is well thinking friendship can not be set
+aside_), 2602.
+
+wer, st. m., _man, hero_: nom. sg. (Grendel), 105; acc. sg. wer (Beówulf),
+1269, 3174; gen. sg. on weres wästmum (_in man's form_), 1353; nom. pl.
+weras, 216, 1223, 1234, 1441, 1651; dat. pl. werum, 1257; gen. pl. wera,
+120, 994, 1732, 3001; (MS. weora), 2948.
+
+wered, st. n., (as adj. = _sweet_), _a sort of beer_ (probably without hops
+or such ingredients): acc. sg. scîr wered, 496.
+
+were-feohte, f., _defensive fight, fight in self-defence_: dat. pl. for
+were-fyhtum (fere fyhtum, MS.), 457.
+
+werhðo, st. f., _curse, outlawry, condemnation_: acc. sg. þu in helle
+scealt werhðo dreógan, 590.
+
+werian, _to defend, protect_: w. vb., pres. sg. III. beaduscrûda ... þät
+mîne breóst wereð, 453; inf. wit unc wið hron-fixas werian þôhton, 541;
+pres. part. w. gen. pl. wergendra tô lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; pret.
+ind. wäl-reáf werede (_guarded the battle-spoil_), 1206; se hwîta helm
+hafelan werede (_the shining helm protected his head_), 1449; pl. hafelan
+weredon, 1328; pret. part. nom. pl. ge ... byrnum werede (_ye_ ...
+_corselet-clad_), 238, 2530.
+
+be-werian, _to protect, defend_: pret. pl. þät hie ... leóda land-geweorc
+lâðum be-weredon scuccum and scinnum (_that they the people's land-work
+from foes, from monsters and demons, might defend_), 939
+
+werig, adj., _accursed, outlawed_: gen. sg. wergan gâstes (Grendel), 133;
+(of the devil), 1748.
+
+werod, weorod, st. n., _band of men, warrior-troop_: nom. sg. werod, 652;
+weorod, 290, 2015, 3031; acc. sg. werod, 319; dat. instr. sg. weorode,
+1012, 2347; werede, 1216; gen. sg. werodes, 259; gen. pl. wereda, 2187;
+weoroda, 60.--Comp.: eorl-, flet-werod.
+
+wer-þeód, st. f., _people, humanity_: dat. sg. ofer wer-þeóde, 900.
+
+wesan, v., _to be_: pres. sg. I. ic eom, 335, 407; II. þu eart, 352, 506;
+III. is, 256, 272, 316, 343, 375, 473, etc.; nu is þînes mägenes blæd âne
+hwîle (_the prime [fame?] of thy powers lasteth now for a while_), 1762;
+ys, 2911, 3000, 3085; pl. I. we synt, 260, 342; II. syndon, 237, 393; III.
+syndon, 257, 361, 1231; synt, 364; sint, 388; subj. pres. sîe, 435, 683,
+etc.; sý, 1832, etc.; sig, 1779, etc.; imper. sg. II. wes, 269 (cf.
+wassail, wes hæl), 407, 1171, 1220, 1225, etc.; inf. wesan, 272, 1329,
+1860, 2709, etc. The inf. wesan must sometimes be supplied: nealles Hetware
+hrêmge þorfton (i.e. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2364; so, 2498, 2660, 618, 1858;
+pres. part. wesende, 46; dat. sg. wesendum, 1188; pret. sg. I., III. wäs,
+11, 12, 18, 36, 49, 53, etc.; wäs on sunde (_was a-swimming_), 1619; so,
+848, 850(?), 970, 981, 1293; progressive, wäs secgende (for sæde), 3029;
+II. wære, 1479, etc.; pl. wæron, 233, 536, 544, etc.; wæran (w. reflex,
+him), 2476; pret. subj. wære, 173, 203, 594, 946, etc.; progressive,
+myndgiend wære (for myndgie), 1106.--Contracted neg. forms: , nis = ne +
+is, 249, 1373, etc.; näs = ne + wäs, 134, 1300, 1922, 2193, etc. (cf.
+uncontracted: ne wäs, 890, 1472); næron = ne + wæron, 2658; nære = ne +
+wære, 861, 1168. See cniht-wesende.
+
+wêg. See wæg.
+
+wên, st. f., _expectation, hope_: nom. sg., 735, 1874, 2324; nu is leódum
+wên orleg-hwîle (gen.) (_now the people have weening of a time of strife_),
+2911; acc. sg. þäs ic wên häbbe (_as I hope, expect_), 383; so, þäs þe ic
+[wên] hafo, 3001; wên ic talige, 1846; dat. pl. bega on wênum _(in
+expectation of both_, i.e. the death and the return of Beówulf), 2896. See
+or-wêna.
+
+wênan, w. v., _to ween, expect, hope_: 1) absolutely; pres. sg. I. þäs ic
+wêne (_as I hope_), 272; swâ ic þe wêne tô _(as I hope thou wilt_: Beówulf
+hopes Hrôðgâr will now suffer no more pain), 1397.--2) w. gen. or acc.
+pres. sg. I. þonne wêne ic tô þe wyrsan ge-þinges, 525; ic þær heaðu-fýres
+hâtes wêne, 2523; III. secce ne wêneð to Gâr Denum (_weeneth not of contest
+with the Gar-Danes_), 601; inf. (beorhtre bôte) wênan (_to expect, count
+on, a brilliant_ [? _a lighter penalty_] _atonement_), 157; pret. pl. þäs
+ne wêndon ær witan Scyldinga þät ... _the wise men of the Scyldings weened
+not of this before, that_...), 779; þät hig þäs äðelinges eft ne wêndon þät
+he ... sêcean côme _(that they looked not for the atheling again that he_
+... _would come to seek_ ...), 1598.--3) w. acc. inf.: pret. sg. wênde,
+934.--4) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I. wêne ic þät..., 1185; wên' ic
+þät..., 338, 442; pret. sg. wênde, 2330; pl. wêndon, 938, 1605.
+
+wêpan, st. v., _to weep_: pret. sg. [weóp], 3152 (?).
+
+werig, adj., _weary, exhausted_, w. gen.: nom. sg. siðes wêrig (_weary from
+the journey, way-weary_), 579; dat. sg. siðes wêrgum, 1795;--w. instr.:
+acc. pl. wundum wêrge _(wound-weary_), 2938.--Comp.: deáð-, fyl-,
+gûð-wêrig.
+
+ge-werigean, w. v., _to weary, exhaust_: pret. part. ge-wêrgad, 2853.
+
+wêrig-môd, adj., _weary-minded (animo defessus)_: nom. sg., 845, 1544.
+
+wêste, adj., _waste, uninhabited_: acc. sg. win-sele wêstne, 2457.
+
+wêsten, st. n., _waste, wilderness_: acc. sg. wêsten, 1266.
+
+wêsten, st. f., _waste, wilderness_: dat. sg. on þære wêstenne, 2299.
+
+weal, st. m.: 1 _wall, rampart_: dat. instr. sg. wealle, 786, 892, 3163;
+gen. sg. wealles, 2308.--2) _elevated sea-shore_: dat. sg. of wealle, 229;
+acc. pl. windige weallas, 572, 1225.--3) _wall of a building_: acc, sg. wið
+þäs recedes weal, 326; dat. sg. be wealle, 1574; hence, the inner and outer
+rock-walls of the dragon's lair (cf. Heyne's essay: Halle Heorot, p. 59):
+dat. sg., 2308, 2527, 2717, 2760, 3061, 3104; gen. sg. wealles,
+2324.--Comp.: bord-, eorð-, sæ-, scyld-weal.
+
+ge-wealc, st. n., _rolling_: acc. sg. ofer ýða ge-wealc, 464.
+
+ge-weald, st. n., _power, might_: acc. sg. on feónda ge-weald _(into the
+power of his foes_), 809, 904; so, 1685; geweald âgan, häbban, â-beódan (w.
+gen. of object = _to present) = to have power over_, 79, 655, 765, 951,
+1088, 1611, 1728. See on-weald.
+
+wealdan, st. v., _to wield, govern, rule over, prevail_: 1) absolutely or
+with depend, clause: inf. gif he wealdan môt (_if he may prevail_), 442;
+þær he ... wealdan môste swâ him Wyrd ne ge-scrâf (_if [where?] he was to
+prevail, as Weird had not destined for him_), 2575; pres. part. waldend
+(_God_), 1694; dat. wealdende, 2330; gen. waldendes, 2293, 2858, 3110.--2)
+with instr. or dat.: inf. þâm wæpnum wealdan (_to wield, prevail with, the
+weapons_), 2039; Geátum wealdan (_to rule the Geátas_), 2391; þeáh-hordum
+wealdan (_to rule over, control, the treasure of rings_), 2828; wäl-stôwe
+wealdan (_to hold the field of battle_), 2985; pret. sg. weóld, 465, 1058,
+2380, 2596; þenden wordum weóld wine Scyldinga (_while the friend of the S.
+ruled the G._), 30; pl. weóldon, 2052.--3) with gen.: pres. sg. I. þenden
+ic wealde wîdan rîces, 1860; pres. part. wuldres wealdend(waldend), 17,
+183, 1753; weard, 2514; the _'dragon_ is called ylda waldend, 1662; waldend
+fira, 2742; sigora waldend, 2876 (designations of God); pret. sg. weóld,
+703, 1771.
+
+ge-wealdan, _to wield, have power over, arrange_: 1) w. acc.: pret. sg.
+hâlig god ge-weóld wîg-sigor, 1555.--2) w. dat.: pret. cyning ge-weóld his
+ge-witte (_the king possessed his senses_), 2704.--3) w. gen.: inf. he ne
+mihte nô ... wæpna ge-wealdan, 1510.
+
+ge-wealden, pret. part., _subject, subjected_: acc. pl. gedêð him swâ
+gewealdene worolde dælas, 1733.
+
+weallan, st. v.: 1) _to toss, be agitated_ (of the sea): pres. part. nom.
+pl. wadu weallende (weallendu), 546, 581; nom. sg. brim weallende, 848;
+pret. ind. weól, 515, 850, 1132; weóll, 2139.--2) figuratively (of
+emotions), _to be agitated_: pres. pl. III. syððan Ingelde weallað
+wäl-nîðas (_deadly hate thus agitates Ingeld_), 2066; pres. part.
+weallende, 2465; pret. sg. hreðer inne weóll (_his heart was moved within
+him_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll (_his breast_ [the dragon's] _swelled from
+breathing, snorting_), 2594; breóst innan weóll þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2332;
+so, weóll, 2600, 2715, 2883.
+
+weall-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer weall-clif, 3133.
+
+weallian, w. v., _to wander, rove about_: pres. part. in comp.
+heoro-weallende, 2782.
+
+weard, st. m., _warden, guardian; owner_: nom. sg. weard Scyldinga (_the
+Scyldings' warden of the march_), 229; weard, 286, 2240; se weard, sâwele
+hyrde, 1742; the _king_ is called beáh-horda weard, 922; rîces weard, 1391;
+folces weard, 2514; the _dragon_ is called weard, 3061; weard un-hióre,
+2414; beorges weard, 2581; acc. sg, weard, 669; (dragon), 2842; beorges
+weard (dragon), 2525, 3067.--Comp.: bât-, êðel-, gold-, heáfod-, hord-,
+hýð-, land-, rên-, sele-, yrfe-weard.
+
+weard, st. m., _possession_ (Dietrich in Haupt XI., 415): in comp.
+eorð-weard, 2335.
+
+weard, st. f., _watch, ward_: acc. sg. wearde healdan, 319; wearde heóld,
+305.--Comp. æg-weard.
+
+weard, adj., _-ward_: in comp. and-, innan-, ût-weard, 1288, etc.
+
+weardian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to watch, guard, keep_: inf. he his folme
+forlêt tô lîf-wraðe, lâst weardian (_Grendel left his hand behind as a
+life-saver, to guard his track_ [Kemble]), 972; pret. sg. him sió swîðre
+swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte (_his right hand kept guard for him in H._,
+i.e. showed that he had been there), 2099; sg. for pl. hýrde ic þät þâm
+frätwum feówer mearas lungre gelîce last weardode (_I heard that four
+horses, quite alike, followed in the traces of the armor_), 2165.--2) _to
+hold, possess, inhabit_: pret. sg. fîfel-cynnes eard ... weardode (_dwelt
+in the abode of the sea-fiends_), 105; reced weardode un-rîm eorla (_an
+immense number of earls held the hall_), 1238; pl. þær we gesunde säl
+weardodon, 2076.
+
+wearh, st. m., _the accursed one; wolf_: in comp. heoro-wearg, 1268.
+
+wearn, st. f.: 1) _resistance, refusal_, 366.--2) _warning?, resistance?_
+See un-wearnum, 742.
+
+weaxan, st. v., _to wax, grow_: pres. sg. III. ôð þät him on innan
+ofer-hygda dæl weaxeð (_till within him pride waxeth_), 1742; inf. weaxan,
+3116; pret. sg. weôx, 8.
+
+ge-weaxan, _to grow up_: pret. sg. oft þät seó geogoð ge-weôx, 66.
+
+ge-weaxan to, _to grow to_ or _for something_: pret. sg. ne ge-weôx he him
+to willan (_grew not for their benefit_), 1712.
+
+weá, w. m., _woe, evil, misfortune_: nom. sg., 937; acc. sg. wean, 191,
+423, 1207, 1992, 2293, 2938; gen. pl. weána, 148, 934, 1151, 1397.
+
+weá-lâf, st. f., _wretched remnant_: acc. pl. þâ weá-lâfe (_the wretched
+remnant_, i.e. Finn's almost annihilated band), 1085, 1099.
+
+weá-spel, st. n., _woe-spell, evil tidings_: dat. sg. weá-spelle, 1316.
+
+ge-weoldum. See ge-wild.
+
+weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, labor, deed_: acc. sg., 74; (_war-deed_), 1657;
+instr. sg. weorce, 1570; dat. pl. weorcum, 2097; wordum ne (and) worcum,
+1101, 1834; gen. pl. worda and worca, 289.--2) _work, trouble, suffering_:
+acc. sg. þäs gewinnes weorc (_misery on account of this strife_), 1722;
+dat. pl. adv. weorcum (_with labor_), 1639.--Comp.: bædo-, ellen-, heaðo-,
+niht-weorc.
+
+ge-weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, deed, labor_: nom. acc. sg., 455, 1563, 1682,
+2718, 2775; gen. sg. ge-weorces, 2712. Comp.: ær-, fyrn-, gûð-, hond-,
+nîð-ge-weorc.--2) _fortification, rampart_: in comp. land-geweorc, 939.
+
+weorce, adj., _painful, bitter_: nom. sg., 1419.
+
+weorð, st. n., _precious object, valuable_: dat. sg. weorðe, 2497.
+
+weorð, adj., _dear, precious_: nom. sg. weorð Denum äðeling (_the atheling
+dear to the Danes_, Beówulf), 1815; compar. nom. sg. þät he syððan wäs ...
+mâðme þý weorðra (_more honored from the jewel_), 1903; cf. wyrðe.
+
+weorðan, st. v.: 1) _to become_: pres. sg. III. beholen weorðeð (_is
+concealed_), 414; underne weorðeð (_becomes known_), 2914; so, pl. III.
+weorðað, 2067; wurðað, 282; inf. weorðan, 3179; wurðan, 808; pret. sg. I.,
+III. wearð, 6, 77, 149, 409, 555, 754, 768, 819, 824, etc.; pl. wurdon,
+228; subj. pret. wurde, 2732.--2) inf. to frôfre weorðan (_to become a
+help_), 1708; pret. sg. wearð he Heaðolâfe tô hand-bonan, 460; so, wearð,
+906, 1262; ne wearð Heremôd swâ (i.e. to frôfre) eaforum Ecgwelan, 1710;
+pl. wurdon, 2204; subj. pret. sg. II. wurde, 588.--3) pret. sg. þät he on
+fylle wearð (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.--4) _to happen, befall_: inf.
+unc sceal weorðan ... swâ unc Wyrd ge-teóð (_it shall befall us two as Fate
+decrees_), 2527; þurh hwät his worulde gedâl weorðan sceolde, 3069; pret.
+sg. þâ þær sôna wearð ed-hwyrft eorlum (_there was soon a renewal to the
+earls_, i.e. of the former perils), 1281.
+
+ge-weorðan: 1) _to become_: pret. sg. ge-wearð, 3062; pret. part. cearu wäs
+geniwod ge-worden (_care was renewed_), 1305; swâ us ge-worden is,
+3079.--2) _to finish; complete?_: inf. þät þu ... lête Sûð-Dene sylfe
+ge-weorðan gûðe wið Grendel (_that thou wouldst let the S. D. put an end to
+their war with Grendel_), 1997.--3) impersonally with acc., _to agree,
+decide_: pret. sg. þâ þäs monige ge-wearð þät ... (_since many agreed that_
+...), 1599; pret. part. hafað þäs ge-worden wine Scyldinga, rîces hyrde,
+and þät ræd talað þät he ... (_therefore hath it so appeared(?) advisable
+to the friend of the S., the guardian of the realm, and he counts it a gain
+that_ ...), 2027.
+
+weorð-ful, adj., _glorious, full of worth_: nom. sg. weorð-fullost, 3100.
+
+weorðian, w. v., _to honor, adorn_: pret. sg. þær ic ... þîne leóde
+weorðode weorcum (_there honored I thy people by my deeds_), 2097; subj.
+pret. (þät he) ät feoh-gyftum ... Dene weorðode (_that he would honor the
+Danes at, by, treasure-giving_), 1091.
+
+ge-weorðian, ge-wurðian, _to deck, ornament_: pret. part. hire syððan wäs
+äfter beáh-þege breóst ge-weorðod, 2177; wæpnum ge-weorðad, 250; since
+ge-weorðad, 1451; so, ge-wurðad, 331, 1039, 1646; wide ge-weorðad (_known,
+honored, afar_), 1960.
+
+weorð-lîce, adv., _worthily, nobly_: superl. weorð-lîcost, 3163.
+
+weorð-mynd, st. f. n., _dignity, honor, glory_: nom. sg., 65; acc. sg.
+geseah þâ eald sweord ..., wîgena weorðmynd (_saw an ancient sword there,
+the glory of warriors_), 1560; dat. instr. pl. weorð-myndum, 8; tô
+worð-myndum, 1187; gen. pl. weorð-mynda dæl, 1753.
+
+weorðung, st. f., _ornament_: in comp. breóst-, hâm-, heorft-, hring-,
+wîg-weorðung.
+
+weorod. See werod.
+
+weorpan, st. v.: 1) _to throw, cast away_, w. acc.: pret. sg. wearp þâ
+wunden-mæl wrättum gebunden yrre oretta, þät hit on eorðan läg (_the
+wrathful warrior threw the ornamented sword, that it lay on the earth_),
+1532.--2) _to throw around_ or _about_, w. instr.: pret. sg. beorges weard
+. .. wearp wäl-fýre (_threw death-fire around_), 2583.--3) _to throw upon_:
+inf. he hine eft ongan wäteres (instr. gen.) weorpan (_began to cast water
+upon him again_), 2792.
+
+for-weorpan, w. acc., _to cast away, squander_: subj. pret. þät he genunga
+gûð-gewædu wrâðe for-wurpe (_that he squandered uselessly the
+battle-weeds_, i.e. gave them to the unworthy), 2873.
+
+ofer-weorpan, _to stumble_: pret. sg. ofer-wearp þâ ... wîgena strongest,
+1544.
+
+weotian, w. v., _to provide with, adjust_(?): pret. part. acc. pl.
+wäl-bende weotode, 1937.
+
+be-weotian, be-witian, w. v. w. acc., _to regard, observe, care for_: pres.
+pl. III. be-witiað, 1136; pret. sg. þegn ... se þe ... ealle be-weotede
+þegnes þearfe (_who would attend to all the needs of a thane_), 1797; draca
+se þe ... hord be-weotode (_the drake that guarded a treasure_), 2213;--_to
+carry out, undertake_: pres. pl. III. þâ ... oft be-witigað sorh-fulne sîð
+on segl-râde, 1429.
+
+wicg, st. n., _steed, riding-horse_: nom. sg., 1401; acc. sg. wicg, 315;
+dat. instr. sg. wicge, 234; on wicge, 286; acc. pl. wicg, 2175; gen. pl.
+wicga, 1046.
+
+ge-widor, st. n., _storm, tempest_: acc. pl. lâð ge-widru (_loathly
+weather_), 1376.
+
+wið prep. w. dat. and acc., with fundamental meanings of division and
+opposition: 1) w. dat., _against, with_ (in hostile sense), _from_: þâ wið
+gode wunnon, 113; âna (wan) wið eallum, 145; ymb feorh sacan, lâð wið
+lâðum, 440; so, 426, 439, 550, 2372, 2521, 2522, 2561, 2840, 3005; þät him
+holt-wudu ... helpan ne meahte, lind wið lîge, 2342; hwät ... sêlest wære
+wið fær-gryrum tô ge-fremmanne, 174; þät him gâst-bona geóce gefremede wið
+þeód-þreáum, 178; wið rihte wan (_strove against right_), 144; häfde ...
+sele Hrôðgâres ge-nered wið nîðe (_had saved H.'s hall from strife_), 828;
+(him dyrne langað ...) beorn wið blôde (_the hero longeth secretly contrary
+to his blood_, i.e. H. feels a secret longing for the non-related Beówulf),
+1881; sundur ge-dælan lîf wið lîce (_to sunder soul from body_), 2424;
+streámas wundon sund wið sande (_the currents rolled the sea against the
+sand_), 213; lîg-ýðum forborn bord wið ronde (rond, MS.) (_with waves of
+flame burnt the shield against, as far as, the rim_), 2674; holm storme
+weól, won wið winde (_the sea surged, wrestled with the wind_), 1133; so,
+hiora in ânum weóll sefa wið sorgum (_in one of them surged the soul with
+sorrow_ [_against_?, Heyne]), 2601; þät hire wið healse heard grâpode
+(_that the sharp sword bit against her neck_), 1567.--2) w. acc.: a)
+_against, towards_: wan wið Hrôðgâr (_fought against H._), 152; wið feónda
+gehwone, 294; wið wrâð werod, 319; so, 540, 1998, 2535; hine hâlig god ûs
+on-sende wið Grendles gryre, 384; þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan gylp
+ofer-sitte (_that I refrain from boastful speech against the
+battle-flier_), 2529; ne wolde wið manna ge-hwone ... feorh-bealo feorran
+(_would not cease his life-plotting against any of the men_; or, _withdraw
+life-bale from_, etc.? or, _peace would not have with any man..., mortal
+bale withdraw_?, Kemble), 155; ic þâ leóde wât ge wið feónd ge wið freónd
+fäste geworhte (_towards foe and friend_), 1865; heóld heáh-lufan wið
+häleða brego (_cherished high love towards the prince of heroes_), 1955;
+wið ord and wið ecge ingang forstôd (_prevented entrance to spear-point and
+sword-edge_), 1550. b) _against, on, upon, in_: setton sîde scyldas ... wið
+þäs recedes weal (_against the wall of the hall_), 326; wið eorðan fäðm
+(eardodon) (_in the bosom of the earth_), 3050; wið earm ge-sät (_sat on,
+against, his arm_), 750; so, stîð-môd ge-stôd wið steápne rond, 2567; [wið
+duru healle eode] (_went to the door of the hall_), 389; wið Hrefna-wudu
+(_over against, near, H._), 2926; wið his sylfes sunu setl ge-tæhte
+(_showed me to a seat with, near, beside, his own son_), 2014. c) _towards,
+with_ (of contracting parties): þät hie healfre ge-weald wið Eotena bearn
+âgan môston (_that they power over half the hall with the Eotens' sons were
+to possess_), 1089; þenden he wið wulf wäl reáfode (_whilst with the wolf
+he was robbing the slain_), 3028.--3) Alternately with dat. and acc.,
+_against_: nu wið Grendel sceal, wið þam aglæcan, âna gehegan þing wið
+þyrse, 424-426;--_with, beside_: ge-sät þâ wið sylfne..., mæg wið mæge,
+1978-79.
+
+wiðer-gyld, st. n., _compensation_: nom. sg., 2052, [proper name?].
+
+wiðer-rähtes, adv., _opposite, in front of_, 3040.
+
+wiðre, st. n., _resistance_: gen. sg. wiðres ne trûwode, 2954.
+
+wig-weorðung, st. f., _idol-worship, idolatry, sacrifice to idols_: acc.
+pl. -weorðunga, 176.
+
+wiht, st. f.: 1) _wight, creature, demon_: nom. sg. wiht unhælo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120; acc. sg. syllîcran wiht (the dragon),
+3039.--2) _thing, something, aught_: nom. sg. w. negative, ne hine wiht
+dweleð (_nor does aught check him_), 1736; him wiht ne speów (_it helped
+him naught_), 2855; acc. sg. ne him þäs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde (_nor did
+he count the worm's warring for aught_), 2349; ne meahte ic ... wiht
+gewyrcan _(I could not do aught_ ...), 1661;--w. partitive gen.: nô ...
+wiht swylcra searo-niða, 581;--the acc. sg. = adv. like Germ. _nicht_: ne
+hie hûru wine-drihten wiht ne lôgon (_did not blame their friendly lord
+aught_), 863; so, ne wiht = _naught, in no wise_, 1084, 2602, 2858; nô
+wiht, 541; instr. sg. wihte (_in aught, in any way_), 1992; ne ... wihte
+(_by no means_), 186, 2278, 2688; wihte ne, 1515, 1996, 2465, 2924.--Comp.:
+â-wiht (âht = _aught_), äl-wiht, ô-wiht.
+
+wil-cuma, w. m., _one welcome_ (qui gratus advenit): nom. pl. wil-cuman
+Denigea leódum (_welcome to the people of the Danes_), 388; so, him (the
+lord of the Danes) wil-cuman, 394; wil-cuman Wedera leódum (_welcome to the
+Geátas_), 1895.
+
+ge-wild, st. f., _free-will_? dat. pl. nealles mid ge-weoldum (_sponte,
+voluntarily_, Bugge), 2223.
+
+wil-deór (for wild-deór), st. n., _wild beast_: acc. pl. wil-deór, 1431.
+
+wil-gesîð, st. m., _chosen_ or _willing companion_: nom. pl. -ge-sîðas, 23.
+
+wil-geofa, w. m., _ready giver_ (= voti largitor: princely designation),
+_joy-giver_?: nom. sg. wil-geofa Wedra leóda, 2901.
+
+willa, w. m.: 1) _will, wish, desire, sake_: nom. sg. 627, 825; acc. sg.
+willan, 636, 1740, 2308, 2410; instr. sg. ânes willan (_for the sake of
+one_), 3078; so, 2590; dat. sg. tô willan, 1187, 1712; instr. pl. willum
+(_according to wish_), 1822; sylfes willum, 2224, 2640; gen. pl. wilna,
+1345.--2) _desirable thing, valuable_: gen. pl. wilna, 661, 951.
+
+willan, aux. v., _will_: in pres. also _shall_ (when the future action is
+depend. on one's free will): pres. sg. I. wille ic â-secgan (_I will set
+forth, tell out_), 344; so, 351, 427; ic tô sæ wille (_I will to sea_),
+318; wylle, 948, 2149, 2513; sg. II. þu wylt, 1853; sg. III. he wile, 346,
+446, 1050, 1182, 1833; wyle, 2865; wille, 442, 1004, 1185, 1395; ær he in
+wille (_ere he will in_, i.e. go or flee into the fearful sea), 1372;
+wylle, 2767; pl. I. we ... wyllað, 1819; pret. sg. I., III. wolde, 68, 154,
+200, 646, 665, 739, 756, 797, 881, etc.; nô ic fram him wolde (i.e.
+fleótan), 543; so, swâ he hira mâ wolde (i.e. â-cwellan), 1056; pret. pl.
+woldon, 482, 2637, 3173; subj. pret., 2730.--Forms contracted w. negative:
+pres. sg. I. nelle (= ne + wille, _I will not_, nolo), 680, 2525(?); pret.
+sg. III. nolde (= ne + wolde), 792, 804, 813, 1524; w. omitted inf. þâ
+metod nolde, 707, 968; pret. subj. nolde, 2519.
+
+wilnian, w. v., _to long for, beseech_: inf. wel bið þäm þe môt ... tô
+fäder fäðmum freoðo wilnian (_well for him that may beseech protection in
+the Father's arms_), 188.
+
+wil-sîð, st. m., _chosen journey_: acc. sg. wil-sîð, 216.
+
+ge-win, st. n.: 1) _strife, struggle, enmity, conflict_: acc. sg., 878; þâ
+hie ge-win drugon (_endured strife_), 799; under ýða ge-win (_under the
+tumult of the waves_), 1470; gen. sg. þäs ge-winnes weorc (_misery for this
+strife_), 1722.--2) _suffering, oppression_: nom. sg., 133, 191; acc. sg.
+eald ge-win, 1782.--Comp.: fyrn-, ýð-ge-win.
+
+wîn-ärn, st. n., _hall of hospitality, hall, wine-hall_: gen. sg.
+wîn-ärnes, 655.
+
+wind, st. m., _wind, storm_: nom. sg., 547, 1375, 1908; dat. instr. sg.
+winde, 217; wið winde, 1133.
+
+windan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to wind, whirl_: pret. sg. wand tô wolcnum
+wäl-fýra mæst, 1120.--2) w. acc., _to twist, wind, curl_: pret. pl.
+streámas wundon sund wið sande, 212; pret. part. wunden gold (_twisted,
+spirally-twined, gold_), 1194, 3135; instr. pl. wundnum (wundum, MS.)
+golde, 1383.
+
+ät-windan, _to wrest one's self from, escape_: pret. sg. se þäm feónde
+ät-wand, 143.
+
+be-windan, _to wind with_ or _round, clasp, surround, envelop_ (involvere):
+pret. sg. þe hit (the sword) mundum be-wand, 1462; pret. part. wîrum
+be-wunden (_wound with wires_) 1032; feorh ... flæsce be-wunden
+(_flesh-enclosed_), 2425; gâr ... mundum be-wunden (_a spear grasped with
+the hands_), 3023; iû-manna gold galdre be-wunden (_spell-encircled gold_),
+3053; (âstâh ...) lêg wôpe be-wunden (_uprose the flame mingled with a
+lament_), 3147.
+
+ge-windan, _to writhe, get loose, escape_: inf. wîdre ge-windan (_to flee
+further_), 764; pret. sg. on fleám ge-wand, 1002.
+
+on-windan, _to unwind, loosen_: pres. sg. (þonne fäder) on-windeð
+wäl-râpas, 1611.
+
+win-däg, st. m., _day of struggle_ or _suffering_: dat. pl. on þyssum
+win-dagum (_in these days of sorrow_, i.e. of earthly existence), 1063.
+
+wind-bland (blond), st. n., _wind-roar_: nom. sg., 3147.
+
+wind-gereste, f., _resting-place of the winds_: acc. sg., 2457.
+
+windig, adj., _windy_: acc. pl. windige (weallas, nässas), 572, 1359;
+windige weallas (wind geard weallas, MS.), 1225.
+
+wine, st. m., _friend, protector_, especially the _beloved ruler_: nom. sg.
+wine Scyldinga, leóf land-fruma (Scyld), 30; wine Scyldinga (Hrôðgâr), 148,
+1184. As vocative: mîn wine, 2048; wine mîn, Beówulf (Hunferð), 457, 530,
+1705; acc. sg. holdne wine (Hrôðgâr), 376; wine Deniga, Scyldinga, 350,
+2027; dat. sg. wine Scyldinga, 170; gen. sg. wines (Beówulf), 3097; acc.
+pl. wine, 21; dat. pl. Denum eallum, winum Scyldinga, 1419; gen. pl.
+winigea leásum, 1665; winia bealdor, 2568.--Comp.: freá-, freó-, gold-,
+gûð-, mæg-wine.
+
+wine-dryhten, st. m., (dominus amicus), _friendly lord, lord and friend_:
+acc. sg. wine-drihten, 863, 1605; wine-dryhten, 2723, 3177; dat. sg.
+wine-drihtne, 360.
+
+wine-geômor, adj., _friend-mourning_: nom. sg., 2240.
+
+wine-leás, adj., _friendless_: dat. sg. wine-leásum, 2614.
+
+wine-mæg, st. m., _dear kinsman_: nom. pl. wine-mâgas, 65.
+
+ge-winna, w. m., _striver, struggler, foe_: comp. eald-, ealdor-gewinna.
+
+winnan, st. v., _to struggle, fight_: pret. sg. III. wan âna wið eallum,
+144; Grendel wan ... wið Hrôðgâr, 151; holm ... won wið winde (_the sea
+fought with the wind_: cf. wan wind endi water, Heliand, 2244), 1133; II.
+eart þu se Beówulf, se þe wið Brecan wunne, 506; pl. wið gode wunnon, 113;
+þær þâ graman wunnon (_where the foes fought_), 778.
+
+wîn-reced, st. n., _wine-hall, guest-hall, house for entertaining guests_:
+acc. sg., 715, 994.
+
+wîn-sele, st. m., the same, _wine-hall_: nom. sg., 772; dat. sg. wîn-sele,
+696 (cf. Heliand Glossary, 369 [364]).
+
+winter, st. m. n.: 1) _winter_: nom. sg., 1133, 1137; acc. sg. winter,
+1129; gen. sg. wintres, 516.--2) _year_ (counted by winters): acc. pl.
+fîftig wintru (neut.), 2210; instr. pl. wintrum, 1725, 2115, 2278; gen. pl.
+wintra, 147, 264, 1928, 2279, 2734, 3051.
+
+wintre, adj., _so many winters_ (old): in comp. syfan-wintre.
+
+ge-wislîce, adv., _certainly, undoubtedly_: superl. gewislîcost, 1351.
+
+wist, st. f., fundamental meaning = _existentia_, hence: 1) _good
+condition, happiness, abundance_: dat. sg. wunað he on wiste, 1736.--2)
+_food, subsistence, booty_: dat. sg. þâ wäs äfter wiste wôp up â-hafen (_a
+cry was then uplifted after the meal_, i.e. Grendel's meal of thirty men),
+128.
+
+wist-fyllo, st. f., _fulness_ or _fill of food, rich meal_: gen. sg.
+wist-fylle, 735.
+
+wit, st. n., (wit), _understanding_: nom. sg., 590.--Comp.: fyr-, in-wit.
+
+ge-wit, st. n.: 1) _consciousness_. dat. sg. ge-weóld his ge-witte,
+2704.--2) _heart, breast_: dat. sg. fýr unswîðor weóll (_the fire surged
+less strongly from the dragon's breast_), 2883.
+
+wit, pers. pron. dual of we, _we two_, 535, 537, 539, 540, 544, 1187, etc.
+See unc, uncer.
+
+wita, weota, w. m., _counsellor, royal adviser_; pl., _the king's council
+of nobles_: nom. pl. witan, 779: gen. pl. witena, 157, 266, 937 weotena,
+1099.--Comp.: fyrn-, rûn-wita.
+
+witan, pret.-pres. v., _to wot, know_. 1) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I.,
+III. wât, 1332, 2657; ic on Higelâce wât þät he ... (_I know as to H., that
+he_ ...), 1831; so, god wât on mec þät ...(_God knows of me, that_ ...),
+2651; sg. II. þu wâst, 272; weak pret. sg. I., III. wiste, 822; wisse,
+2340, 2726; pl. wiston, 799, 1605; subj. pres. I. gif ic wiste, 2520.--2)
+w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. I. ic wât, 1864.--3) w. object, predicative
+part, or adj.: pret. sg. III. tô þäs he win-reced ... gearwost wisse,
+fättum fâhne, 716; so, 1310; wiste þäm ahlæcan hilde ge-binged, 647.--4) w.
+acc., _to know_: inf. witan, 252, 288; pret. sg. wisse, 169; wiste his
+fingra ge-weald on grames grâpum, 765; pl. II. wisson, 246; wiston, 181.
+
+nât = ne + wât, _I know not_: 1) elliptically with hwylc, indef. pronoun =
+_some or other_: sceaða ic nât hwylc.--2) w. gen. and depend. clause: nât
+he þâra gôda, þät he me on-geán sleá, 682.
+
+ge-witan, _to know, perceive_: inf. þäs þe hie gewis-lîcost ge-witan
+meahton, 1351.
+
+be-witian. See be-weotian.
+
+witig, adj., _wise, sagacious_: nom. sg. witig god, 686, 1057; witig
+drihten (God), 1555; wittig drihten, 1842.
+
+ge-wittig, adj., _conscious_: nom. sg. 3095.
+
+ge-witnian, w. v., _to chastise, punish_: wommum gewitnad (_punished with
+plagues_), 3074.
+
+wîc, st. n., _dwelling, house_: acc. sg. wîc, 822, 2590;--often in pl.
+because houses of nobles were complex: dat. wîcum, 1305, 1613, 3084; gen.
+wîca, 125, 1126.
+
+ge-wîcan, st. v., _to soften, give way, yield_ (here chiefly of swords):
+pret. sg. ge-wâc, 2578, 2630.
+
+wîc-stede, st. m., _dwelling-place_: nom. sg. 2463; acc. sg. wîc-stede,
+2608.
+
+wîd, adj., _wide, extended_: 1) space: acc. sg. neut. ofer wîd wäter, 2474;
+gen. sg. wîdan rîces, 1860; acc. pl. wîde sîðas, waroðas, 878, 1966.--2)
+temporal: acc. sg. wîdan feorh (acc. of time), 2015; dat. sg. tô wîdan
+feore, 934.
+
+wîde, adv., _widely, afar_, 18, 74, 79, 266, 1404, 1589, 1960, etc.; wîde
+cûð (_widely, universally, known_), 2136, 2924; so, underne wîde, 2914;
+wîde geond eorðan (_over the whole earth, widely_), 3100;--modifier of
+superl.: wreccena wîde mærost (_the most famous of wanderers, exiles_),
+899.--Compar. wîdre, 764.
+
+wîd-cûð, adj., _widely known, very celebrated_: nom. sg. neut., 1257; acc.
+sg. m. wîd-cûðne man (Beówulf), 1490; wîd-cûðne weán, 1992; wîd-cûðes
+(Hrôðgâr), 1043.
+
+wîde-ferhð, st. m. n., (_long life_), _great length of time_: acc. sg. as
+acc. of time: wîde-ferhð (_down to distant times, always_), 703, 938; ealne
+wîde-ferhð, 1223.
+
+wîd-floga, w. m., _wide-flier_ (of the dragon): nom. sg., 2831; acc. sg.
+wîd-flogan, 2347.
+
+wîd-scofen, pret. part., _wide-spread_? _causing fear far and wide_? 937.
+
+wîd-weg, st. m., _wide way, long journey_: acc. pl. wîd-wegas, 841, 1705.
+
+wîf, st. n., _woman, lady, wife_: nom. sg. freó-lîc wîf (Queen Wealhþeów),
+616; wîf un-hýre (Grendel's mother), 2121; acc. sg. drihtlîce wîf (Finn's
+wife), 1159; instr. sg. mid þý wîfe (Hrôðgâr's daughter, Freáwaru), 2029;
+dat. sg. þam wîfe (Wealhþeów), 640; gen. sg. wîfes (as opposed to _man_),
+1285; gen. pl. wera and wîfa, 994.--Comp.: aglæc-, mere-wîf.
+
+wîf-lufe, w. f., _wife-love, love for a wife, woman's love_: nom. pl.
+wîf-lufan, 2066.
+
+wîg, st. m.: 1) _war, battle_: nom. sg., 23, 1081, 2317, 2873; acc. sg.,
+686, 1084, 1248; dat. sg. wîge, 1338, 2630; as instr., 1085; (wigge, MS.),
+1657, 1771; gen. sg. wîges, 65, 887, 1269.--2) _valor, warlike prowess_:
+nom. sg. wäs his môd-sefa manegum ge-cýðed, wîg and wîsdôm, 350; wîg, 1043;
+wîg ... eafoð and ellen, 2349; gen. sg. wîges, 2324.--Comp. fêðe-wîg.
+
+wîga, w. m., _warrior, fighter_: nom. sg., 630; dat. pl. wîgum, 2396; gen.
+pl. wîgena, 1544, 1560, 3116.--Comp.: äsc-, byrn-, gâr-, gûð-, lind-,
+rand-, scyld-wîga.
+
+wîgan, st. v., _to fight_: pres. sg. III. wîgeð, 600; inf., 2510.
+
+wîgend, pres. part., _fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 3100; nom. pl. wîgend,
+1126, 1815, 3145; acc. pl. wîgend, 3025; gen. pl. wîgendra, 429, 900, 1973,
+2338.--Comp. gârwîgend.
+
+wîg-bealu, st. n., _war-bale, evil contest_: acc. sg., 2047.
+
+wîg-bil, st. n., _war-bill, battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1608.
+
+wîg-bord, st. n., _war-board_ or _shield_: acc. sg., 2340.
+
+wîg-cräft, st. m., _war-power_: acc. sg., 2954.
+
+wîg-cräftig, adj., _vigorous in fight, strong in war_: acc. sg.
+wîg-cräftigne (of the sword Hrunting), 1812.
+
+wîg-freca, w. m., _war-wolf, war-hero_: acc. sg. wîg-frecan, 2497; nom. pl.
+wîg-frecan, 1213.
+
+wîg-fruma, w. m., _war-chief_ or _king_: nom. sg., 665; acc. sg.
+wîg-fruman, 2262.
+
+wîg-geatwe, st. f. pl., _war-ornaments, war-gear_: dat. pl. on wîg-geatwum
+(-getawum, MS.), 368.
+
+wîg-ge-weorðad, pret. part., _war-honored, distinguished in war_, 1784? See
+Note.
+
+wîg-gryre, st. m., _war-horror_ or _terror_: nom. sg., 1285.
+
+wîg-hete, st. m., _war-hate, hostility_: nom. sg., 2121.
+
+wîg-heafola, w. m., _war head-piece, helmet_: acc. sg. wîg-heafolan,
+2662.--Leo.
+
+wîg-heáp, st. m., _war-band_: nom sg., 447.
+
+wîg-hryre, st. m., _war-ruin, slaughter, carnage_: acc. sg., 1620.
+
+wîg-sigor, st. m., _war-victory_: acc. sg., 1555.
+
+wîg-sped, st. f.?, _war-speed, success in war_: gen. pl. wîg-spêda, 698.
+
+wîn, st. n., _wine_: acc. sg., 1163, 1234; instr. wîne, 1468.
+
+wîr, st. n., _wire, spiral ornament of wire_: instr. pl. wîrum, 1032; gen.
+pl. wîra, 2414.
+
+wîs, adj., _wise, experienced, discreet_: nom. sg. m. wîs (_in his mind,
+conscious_), 3095; f. wîs, 1928; in w. form, se wîsa, 1401, 1699, 2330;
+acc. sg. þone wîsan, 1319; gen. pl. wîsra, 1414; w. gen. nom. sg. wîs
+wordcwida (_wise of speech_), 1846.
+
+wîsa, w. m., _guide, leader_: nom. sg. werodes wîsa, 259.--Comp.: brim-,
+here-, hilde-wîsa.
+
+wîscte. See wýscan.
+
+wîs-dôm, st. m., _wisdom, experience_: nom. sg., 350; instr. sg. wîs-dôme,
+1960.
+
+wîse, w. f., _fashion, wise, custom_: acc. sg. (instr.) ealde wîsan (_after
+ancient custom_), 1866.
+
+wîs-fäst, adj., _wise, sagacious_ (sapientiâ firmus): nom. sg. f., 627.
+
+wîs-hycgende, pres. part. _wise-thinking, wise_, 2717.
+
+wîsian, w. v., _to guide_ or _lead to, direct, point out_: 1) w. acc.: inf.
+heán wong wîsian, 2410; pret. sg. secg wîsade land-gemyrcu, 208.--2) w.
+dat.: pres. sg. I. ic eów wîsige (_I shall guide you_), 292, 3104; pret.
+sg. se þæm heaðo-rincum hider wîsade, 370; sôna him sele-þegn ... forð
+wîsade _(the hall-thane led him thither forthwith_, i.e. to his couch),
+1796; stîg wîsode gumum ät-gädere, 320; so, 1664.--3) w. prep.?: pret. sg.
+þâ secg wîsode under Heorotes hrôf (_when the warrior showed them the way
+under Heorot's roof_, [but under H.'s hrôf depends rather on snyredon
+ätsomne]), 402.
+
+wîtan, st. v., properly _to look at; to look at with censure, to blame,
+reproach, accuse_, w. dat. of pers. and acc. of thing: inf. for-þam me
+wîtan ne þearf waldend fira morðor-bealo mâga, 2742.
+
+ät-wîtan, _to blame, censure_ (cf. 'twit), w. acc. of thing: pret. pl.
+ät-witon weána dæl, 1151.
+
+ge-wîtan, properly _spectare aliquo; to go_ (most general verb of motion):
+1) with inf. after verbs of motion: pret. sg. þanon eft ge-wât ... tô hâm
+faran, 123; so, 2570; pl. þanon eft gewiton ... mearum rîdan, 854.
+Sometimes with reflex, dat.: pres. sg. him þâ Scyld ge-wât ... fêran on
+freán wære, 26; gewât him ... rîdan, 234; so, 1964; pl. ge-witon, 301.--2)
+associated with general infinitives of motion and aim: imper. pl. ge-wîtað
+forð beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; pret. sg. ge-wât þâ neósian heán hûses,
+115; he þâ fâg ge-wât ... man-dreám fleón, 1264; nyðer eft gewât dennes
+niósian, 3045; so, 1275, 2402, 2820. So, with reflex, dat.: him eft gewât
+... hâmes niósan, 2388; so, 2950; pl. ge-witon, 1126.--3) without inf. and
+with prep, or adv.: pres. sg. III. þær firgen-streám under nässa genipu
+niðer ge-wîteð, 1361; ge-wîteð on sealman, 2461; inf. on flôdes æht feor
+ge-wîtan, 42; pret. sg. ge-wât, 217; him ge-wât, 1237, 1904; of lîfe,
+ealdre ge-wât (_died_), 2472, 2625; fyrst forð ge-wât (_time went on_),
+210; him ge-wât ût of healle, 663; ge-wât him hâm, 1602; pret. part. dat.
+sg. me forð-ge-witenum (_me defuncto, I dead_), 1480.
+
+ôð-wîtan, _to blame, censure, reproach_: inf. ne þorfte him þâ leán
+ôð-wîtan mon on middan-gearde, 2997.
+
+wlanc, wlonc, adj., _proud, exulting_: nom. sg. wlanc, 341; w. instr. æse
+wlanc (_proud of, exulting in, her prey, meal_), 1333; wlonc, 331; w. gen.
+mâðm-æhta wlonc (_proud of the treasures_), 2834; gen. sg. wlonces,
+2954.--Comp. gold-wlanc.
+
+wlâtian, w. v., _to look_ or _gaze out, forth_: pret. sg. se þe ær ... feor
+wlâtode, 1917.
+
+wlenco, st. f., _pride, heroism_: dat. sg. wlenco, 338, 1207; wlence, 508.
+
+wlite, st. m. _form, noble form, look, beauty_: nom. sg., 250.
+
+wlite-beorht, adj., _beauteous, brilliant in aspect_: acc. sg.
+wlite-beorhtne wang, 93.
+
+wlite-seón, st. n. f., _sight, spectacle_: acc. sg., 1651.
+
+wlitig, adj., _beautiful, glorious, fair in form_: acc. sg. wlitig
+(sweord), 1663.
+
+wlîtan, st. v., _to see, look, gaze_: pret. sg. he äfter recede wlât
+(_looked along the hall_), 1573; pret. pl. on holm wliton (_looked on the
+sea_), 1593; wlitan on Wîglâf, 2853.
+
+geond-wlîtan, w. acc., _to examine, look through, scan_: inf. wräte
+giond-wlîtan, 2772.
+
+woh-bogen, pret. part., (_bent crooked), crooked, twisted_: nom. sg. wyrm
+woh-bogen, 2828.
+
+wolcen, st. n. m., _cloud_ (cf. welkin): dat. pl. under wolcnum (_under the
+clouds, on earth_), 8, 652, 715, 1771; tô wolcnum, 1120, 1375.
+
+wollen-teár, adj., _tear-flowing, with flowing tears_: nom. pl.
+wollen-teáre, 3033.
+
+wom. See wam.
+
+won. See wan.
+
+worc. See weorc.
+
+word, st. n.: 1) _word, speech_: nom. sg., 2818; acc. sg. þät word, 655,
+2047; word, 315, 341, 390, 871, 2552; instr. sg. worde, 2157; gen. sg.
+wordes, 2792; nom. pl. þâ word, 640; word, 613; acc. pl. word (of an
+alliterative song), 871; instr. pl, wordum, 176, 366, 627, 875, 1101, 1173,
+1194, 1319, 1812, etc.; ge-saga him wordum (_tell them in words,
+expressly_), 388. The instr. wordum accompanies biddan, þancian, be-wägnan,
+secgan, hêrgan, to emphasize the verb, 176, 627, 1194, 2796, 3177; gen. pl.
+worda, 289, 398, 2247, 2263(?), 3031.--2) _command, order_: gen. sg. his
+wordes geweald habban (_to rule, reign_), 79; so, instr. pl. wordum weóld,
+30.--Comp.: beót-, gylp-, meðel-, þryð-word.
+
+word-cwide, st. m., (_word-utterance_), _speech_: acc. pl. word-cwydas,
+1842; dat. pl. word-cwydum, 2754; gen. pl. word-cwida, 1846.
+
+word-gid, st. m, _speech, saying_: acc. sg. word-gyd, 3174.
+
+word-hord, st. n., _word-hoard, treasury of speech, mouth_: acc. sg.
+word-hord on-leác (_unlocked his word-hoard_, opened his mouth, spoke),
+259.
+
+word-riht, st. n., _right speech, suitable word_: gen. pl. Wîglâf maðelode
+word-rihta fela, 2632.
+
+worð-mynd. See weorð-mynd.
+
+worðig (for weorðig), st. m., _palace, estate, court_: acc. sg. on worðig
+(_into the palace_), 1973.
+
+worn, st. n., _multitude, number_: acc. sg. worn eall (_very many_), 3095;
+wintra worn (_many years_), 264; þonne he wintrum frôd worn ge-munde (_when
+he old in years thought of their number_), 2115. Used with fela to
+strengthen the meaning: nom. acc. sg. worn fela, 1784; hwät þu worn fela
+... spræce (_how very much thou hast spoken!_), 530; so, eal-fela
+eald-gesegena worn, 871; gen. pl. worna fela, 2004, 2543.
+
+woruld, worold, st. f., _humanity, world, earth_: nom. sg. eal worold,
+1739; acc. sg. in worold (wacan) (_to be born, come into the world_), 60;
+worold oflætan, of-gifan (_die_), 1184, 1682; gen. sg. worolde, 951, 1081,
+1388, 1733; worulde, 2344; his worulde ge-dâl (_his separation from the
+world, death_), 3069; worolde brûcan (_to enjoy life, live_), 1063; worlde,
+2712.
+
+worold-âr, st. f., _worldly honor_ or _dignity_: acc. sg. worold-âre, 17.
+
+woruld-candel, st. f., _world-candle, sun_: nom. sg., 1966.
+
+worold-cyning, st. m., _world king, mighty king_: nom. sg., 3182; gen. pl.
+worold-cyninga, 1685.
+
+woruld-ende, st. m., _world's end_: acc. sg., 3084.
+
+worold-ræden, st. f., _usual course, fate of the world, customary fate_:
+dat. sg. worold-rædenne, 1143?
+
+wôp, st. m., (_whoop_), _cry of grief, lament_: nom. sg., 128; acc. sg.
+wôp, 786; instr. sg. wôpe, 3147.
+
+wracu, st. f., _persecution, vengeance, revenge_: nom. sg. wracu (MS,
+uncertain), 2614; acc. sg. wräce, 2337.--Comp.: gyrn-, nýd-wracu.
+
+wraðu, st. f., _protection, safety_: in comp. lîf-wraðu.
+
+wrâð, adj., _wroth, furious, hostile_: acc. sg. neut. wrâð, 319; dat. sg.
+wrâðum, 661, 709; gen. pl. wrâðra, 1620.
+
+wrâðe, adv., _contemptibly, disgracefully_, 2873.
+
+wrâð-lîce, adv., _wrathfully, hostilely_ (in battle), 3063.
+
+wrâsn, st. f., _circlet of gold for the head, diadem, crown_: in comp.
+freá-wrâsn.
+
+wräc-lâst, st. m., _exile-step, exile, banishment_: acc. sg. wräc-lâstas
+träd (_trod exile-steps, wandered in exile_), 1353.
+
+wräc-mäcg, st. m., _exile, outcast_: nom. pl. wräc-mäcgas, 2380.
+
+wräc-sîð, st. m., _exile-journey, banishment, exile, persecution_: acc.
+sg., 2293; dat. sg. -sîðum, 338.
+
+wrät, st. f., _ornament, jewel_: acc. pl. wräte (wræce, MS.), 2772, 3061;
+instr. pl. wrättum, 1532; gen. pl. wrätta, 2414.
+
+wrät-lîc, adj.: 1) _artistic, ornamental; valuable_: acc. sg. wrät-lîcne
+wundur-mâððum, 2174; wrät-lîc wæg-sweord, 1490; wîg-bord wrät-lîc,
+2340.--2) _wondrous, strange_: acc. sg. wrät-lîcne wyrm [from its rings or
+spots?], 892; wlite-seón wrät-lîc, 1651.
+
+wræc, st. f., _persecution_; hence, _wretchedness, misery_: nom. sg., 170;
+acc. sg. wræc, 3079.
+
+wrecan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to press, force_: pret. part. þær wäs Ongenþeó
+... on bîd wrecen, 2963.--2) _to drive out, expel_: pret. sg. ferh ellen
+wräc, 2707.--3) _to wreak_ or _utter_: gid, spel wrecan (_to utter words or
+songs_); subj. pres. sg. III. he gyd wrece, 2447; inf. wrecan spel ge-râde,
+874; word-gyd wrecan, 3174; pret. sg. gyd äfter wräc, 2155; pres. part. þær
+wäs ... gid wrecen, 1066.--4) _to avenge, punish_: subj. pres. þät he his
+freónd wrece, 1386; inf. wolde hire mæg wrecan, 1340; so, 1279, 1547; pres.
+part. wrecend (_an avenger_), 1257; pret. sg. wräc Wedera nîð, 423; so,
+1334, 1670.
+
+â-wrecan, _to tell, recount_: pret. sg. ic þis gid be þe â-wräc (_I have
+told this tale for thee_), 1725; so, 2109.
+
+for-wrecan, w. acc., _to drive away, expel; carry away_: inf. þý läs him
+ýða þrym wudu wyn-suman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the waves
+might carry away the winsome ship_), 1920; pret. sg. he hine feor for-wräc
+... man-cynne fram, 109.
+
+ge-wrecan, w. acc., _to avenge, wreak vengeance upon, punish_: pret. sg.
+ge-wräc, 107, 2006; he ge-wräc (i.e. hit, _this_) cealdum cear-sîðum, 2396;
+he hine sylfne ge-wräc (_avenged himself_), 2876; pl. ge-wræcan, 2480;
+pret. part. ge-wrecen, 3063.
+
+wrecca, w. m., (_wretch_), _exile, adventurer, wandering soldier, hero_:
+nom. sg. wrecca (Hengest), 1138; gen. pl. wreccena wîde mærost (Sigemund),
+899.
+
+wreoðen-hilt, adj., _wreathen-hilted, with twisted hilt_: nom. sg., 1699.
+
+wridian, w. v., _to flourish, spring up_: pret. sg. III. wridað, 1742.
+
+wriða, w. m., _band_: in comp. beág-wriða (_bracelet_), 2019.
+
+wrixl, st. n., _exchange, change_: instr. sg. wyrsan wrixle (_in a worse
+way, with a worse exchange_), 2970.
+
+ge-wrixle, st. n., _exchange, arrangement, bargain_: nom. sg. ne wäs þät
+ge-wrixle til (_it was not a good arrangement, trade_), 1305.
+
+wrixlan, w. v., _to exchange_: inf. wordum wrixlan (_to exchange words,
+converse_), 366; 875 (_tell_).
+
+wrîðan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to bind, fasten, wreathe together_: inf. ic
+hine (him, MS.) ... on wäl-bedde wrîðan þôhte, 965.--2) _to bind up_ (a
+wounded person, a wound): pret. pl. þâ wæron monige þe his mæg wriðon,
+2983. See hand-gewriðen.
+
+wrîtan, st. v., _to incise, engrave_: pret. part. on þäm (hilte) wäs ôr
+writen fyrn-gewinnes (_on which was engraved the origin of an ancient
+struggle_), 1689.
+
+for-wrîtan, _to cut to pieces_ or _in two_: pret. sg. for-wrât Wedra helm
+wyrm on middan, 2706.
+
+wrôht, st. m. f., _blame, accusation, crime_; here _strife, contest,
+hostility_: nom. sg., 2288, 2474, 2914.
+
+wudu, st. m., _wood_: 1) _material, timber_: nom. pl. wudu, 1365; hence,
+_the wooden spear_: acc. pl. wudu, 398.--2) _forest, wood_: acc. sg. wudu,
+1417.--3) _wooden ship_: nom. sg. 298; acc. sg. wudu, 216, 1920.--Comp.:
+bæl-, bord-, gamen-, heal-, holt-, mägen-, sæ-, sund-, þrec-wudu.
+
+wudu-rêc, st. m., _wood-reek_ or _smoke_: nom. sg., 3145.
+
+wuldor, st. n., _glory_: nom. sg. kyninga wuldor (_God_), 666; gen. sg.
+wuldres wealdend, 17, 183, 1753; wuldres hyrde, 932, (designations of God).
+
+wuldor-cyning, st. m., _king of glory, God_. dat. sg. wuldur-cyninge, 2796
+
+wuldor-torht, adj., _glory-bright, brilliant, clear_: acc. pl.
+wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137.
+
+wulf, st. m., _wolf_: acc. sg., 3028.
+
+wulf-hlið, st. n., _wolf-slope, wolf's retreat, slope whereunder wolves
+house_: acc. pl. wulf-hleoðu, 1359.
+
+wund, st. f., _wound_: nom. sg., 2712, 2977; acc. sg. wunde, 2532, 2907;
+acc. sg. wunde, 2726; instr. pl. wundum, 1114, 2831, 2938.--Comp.
+feorh-wund.
+
+wund, adj., _wounded, sore_: nom. sg., 2747; dat. sg. wundum, 2754; nom.
+pl. wunde, 565, 1076.
+
+wunden-feax, adj., _curly-haired_ (of a horse's mane): nom. sg., 1401.
+
+wunden-heals, adj., _with twisted_ or _curved neck_ or _prow_: nom. sg.
+wudu wunden-hals (_the ship_), 298.
+
+wunden-heorde?, _curly-haired_?: nom. sg. f., 3153.
+
+wunden-mæl, adj., _damascened, etched, with wavy ornaments_(?): nom. sg.
+neut., 1532 (of a sword).
+
+wunden-stefna, w. m. _curved prow, ship_: nom. sg., 220.
+
+wundor, st. n.: 1) _wonder, wonderwork_: nom. sg., 772, 1725; wundur, 3063;
+acc. sg. wundor, 841; wunder, 932; wundur, 2760, 3033, 3104; dat. sg.
+wundre, 932; instr. pl. wundrum (_wondrously_), 1453, 2688; gen. pl.
+wundra, 1608.--2) _portent, monster_: gen. pl. wundra, 1510.--Comp.: hand-,
+nîð-, searo-wundor.
+
+wundor-bebod, st. n., _wondrous command, strange order_: instr. pl.
+-bebodum, 1748.
+
+wundor-deáð, st. m., _wonder-death, strange death_: instr. sg. wundor
+deáðe, 3038.
+
+wundor-fät, st. n., _wonder-vat, strange vessel_: dat. pl. of wundor-fatum
+(_from wondrous vessels_), 1163.
+
+wundor-lîc, adj., _wonder like, remarkable_: nom. sg., 1441.
+
+wundor-mâððum, st. m., _wonder-jewel, wonderful treasure_: acc. sg., 2174.
+
+wundor-smið, st. m., _wonder-smith, skilled smith, worker of marvellous
+things_: gen. pl. wundor-smiða geweorc (the ancient giant's sword), 1682.
+
+wundor-seón, st. f., _wondrous sight_: gen. pl. wunder-sióna, 996.
+
+wunian, w. v.: 1) _to stand, exist, remain_: pres. sg. III. þenden þær
+wunað on heáh-stede hûsa sêlest (_as long as the best of houses stands
+there on the high place_), 284; wunað he on wiste (_lives in plenty_),
+1736; inf. on sele wunian (_to remain in the hall_), 3129; pret. sg. wunode
+mid Finne (_remained with F._), 1129.--2) w. acc. or dat., _to dwell in, to
+inhabit, to possess_: pres. sg. III. wunað wäl-reste (_holds his
+death-bed_), 2903; inf. wäter-egesan wunian scolde..., streámas, 1261;
+wîcum wunian, 3084; w. prep.: pres. sg. Higelâc þær ät hâm wunað, 1924.
+
+ge-wunian, w. acc.: 1) _to inhabit_: inf. ge-[wunian], 2276.--2) _to remain
+with, stand by_: subj. pres. þät hine on ylde eft ge-wunigen wil-ge-sîðas,
+22.
+
+wurðan. See weorðan.
+
+wuton, v. from wîtan, used as interj., _let us go! up!_ w. inf.: wutun
+gangan tô (_let us go to him!_), 2649; uton hraðe fêran! 1391; uton nu
+êfstan, 3102.
+
+wylf, st. f., _she-wolf_: in comp. brim-wylf.
+
+wylm, st. m., _surge, surf, billow_: num. sg. flôdes wylm, 1765; dat.
+wintres wylme (_with winter's flood_), 516; acc. sg. þurh wäteres wylm,
+1694; acc. pl. heortan wylmas, 2508.--Comp.: breóst-, brim-, byrne-, cear-,
+fýr-, heaðo-, holm-, sæ-, sorh-wylm. See wälm.
+
+wyn, st. f., _pleasantness, pleasure, joy, enjoyment_: acc. sg. mæste ...
+worolde wynne (_the highest earthly joy_), 1081; eorðan wynne (_earth-joy,
+the delightful earth_), 1731; heofenes wynne (_heaven's joy_, the rising
+sun), 1802; hearpan wynne (_harp-joy, the pleasant harp_), 2108; þät he ...
+ge-drogen häfde eorðan wynne (_that he had had his earthly joy_), 2728;
+dat. sg. weorod wäs on wynne, 2015; instr. pl. mägenes wynnum (_in joy of
+strength_), 1717; so, 1888.--Comp.: êðel-, hord-, lîf-, lyft-, symbel-wyn.
+
+wyn-leás, adj., _joyless_: acc. sg. wyn-leásne wudu, 1417; wyn-leás wîc,
+822.
+
+wyn-sum, adj., _winsome, pleasant_: acc. sg. wudu wyn-suman (_the ship_),
+1920; nom. pl. word wæron wyn-sume, 613.
+
+wyrcan, v. irreg.: 1) _to do, effect_, w. acc.: inf. (wundor) wyrcan,
+931.--2) _to make, create_, w. acc.: pret. sg. þät se äl-mihtiga eorðan
+worh[te], 92; swâ hine _(the helmet_) worhte wæpna smið, 1453.--3) _to
+gain, win, acquire_, w. gen.: subj. pres. wyrce, se þe môte, dômes ær
+deáðe, 1388.
+
+be-wyrcan, _to gird, surround_: pret. pl. bronda betost wealle be-worhton,
+3163.
+
+ge-wyrcan: 1) intrans., _to act, behave_: inf. swâ sceal geong guma gôde
+gewyrcean ... on fäder wine þät ... (_a young man shall so act with
+benefits towards his father's friends that_ ...), 20.--2) w. acc., _to do,
+make, effect, perform_: inf. ne meahte ic ät hilde mid Hruntinge wiht
+ge-wyrcan, 1661; sweorde ne meahte on þam aglæcan ... wunde ge-wyrcean,
+2907; pret. sg. ge-worhte, 636, 1579, 2713; pret. part. acc. ic þâ leóde
+wât ... fäste ge-worhte. 1865.--3) _to make, construct_: inf. (medo-ärn)
+ge-wyrcean, 69; (wîg-bord) ge-wyrcean, 2338; (hlæw) ge-wyrcean, 2803; pret.
+pl. II. ge-worhton, 3097; III. ge-worhton, 3158; pret. part. ge-worht,
+1697.--4) _to win, acquire_: pres. sg. ic me mid Hruntinge dôm ge-wyrce,
+1492.
+
+Wyrd, st. f., _Weird_ (one of the Norns, guide of human destiny; mostly
+weakened down = _fate, providence_): nom. sg., 455, 477, 572, 735, 1206,
+2421, 2527, 2575, 2815; acc. sg. wyrd, 1057, 1234; gen. pl. wyrda, 3031.
+(Cf. Weird Sisters of Macbeth.)
+
+wyrdan, w. v., _to ruin, kill, destroy_: pret. sg. he tô lange leóde mine
+wanode and wyrde, 1338.
+
+â-wyrdan, w. v., _to destroy, kill_: pret. part.: äðeling monig wundum
+â-wyrded, 1114.
+
+wyrðe, adj., _noble; worthy, honored, valued_: acc. sg. m. wyrðne (ge-dôn)
+(_to esteem worthy_), 2186; nom. pl. wyrðe, 368; compar. nom. sg. rîces
+wyrðra (_worthier of rule_), 862.--Comp. fyrd-wyrðe. See weorð.
+
+wyrgen, st, f., _throttler_ [cf. sphinx], _she-wolf_; in comp.
+grund-wyrgen.
+
+ge-wyrht, st. n., _work; desert_; in comp. eald-gewyrht, 2658.
+
+wyrm, st. m., _worm, dragon, drake_: nom. sg., 898, 2288, 2344, 2568, 2630,
+2670, 2746, 2828; acc. sg. wyrm, 887, 892, 2706, 3040, 3133; dat. sg.
+wyrme, 2308, 2520; gen. wyrmes, 2317, 2349, 2760, 2772, 2903; acc. pl.
+wyrmas, 1431.
+
+wyrm-cyn, st. m., _worm-kin, race of reptiles, dragons_: gen. sg.
+wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426.
+
+wyrm-fâh, adj., _dragon-ornamented, snake-adorned_ (ornamented with figures
+of dragons, snakes, etc.: cf. Dietrich in Germania X., 278): nom. sg.
+sweord ... wreoðen-hilt and wyrm-fâh, 1699.
+
+wyrm-hord, st. n., _dragon-hoard_: gen. pl. wyrm-horda, 2223.
+
+for-wyrnan, w. v., _to refuse, reject_: subj. pres. II. þät þu me nô
+for-wyrne, þät... (_that thou refuse me not that_...), 429; pret. sg. he ne
+for-wyrnde worold-rædenne, 1143.
+
+ge-wyrpan, w. v. reflex., _to refresh one's self, recover_: pret. sg. he
+hyne ge-wyrpte, 2977.
+
+wyrpe, st. m., _change_: acc. sg. äfter weá-spelle wyrpe ge-fremman (_after
+the woe-spell to bring about a change of things_), 1316.
+
+wyrsa, compar. adj., _worse_: acc. sg. neut. þät wyrse, 1740; instr. sg.
+wyrsan wrixle, 2970; gen. sg. wyrsan geþinges, 525; nom. acc. pl. wyrsan
+wîg-frecan, 1213, 2497.
+
+wyrt, st. f., [_-wort_], _root_: instr. pl. wudu wyrtum fäst, 1365.
+
+wýscan, w. v., _to wish, desire_: pret. sg. wîscte (rihde, MS.) þäs yldan
+(_wished to delay that_ or _for this reason_, 2440, 1605(?). See Note.
+
+
+Y
+
+yfel, st n., _evil_: gen. pl. yfla, 2095.
+
+yldan, w. v., _to delay, put off_: inf. ne þät se aglæca yldan þôhte, 740;
+weard wine-geômor wîscte þäs yldan, þät he lytel fäc long-gestreóna brûcan
+môste, 2240.
+
+ylde, st. m. pl., _men_: dat. pl. yldum, 77, 706, 2118; gen. pl. ylda, 150,
+606, 1662. See elde.
+
+yldest. See eald.
+
+yldo, st. f., _age (senectus), old age_: nom. sg., 1737, 1887; atol yldo,
+1767; dat. sg. on ylde, 22.--2) _age (ætas), time, era_: gen. sg. yldo
+bearn, 70. See eldo.
+
+yldra. See eald.
+
+ylf, st. f., _elf (incubus, alp_): nom. pl. ylfe, 112.
+
+ymb, prep. w. acc.: 1) local, _around, about, at, upon_: ymb hine (_around,
+with, him_), 399. With prep, postponed: hine ymb, 690; ymb brontne ford
+(_around the seas, on the high sea_), 568; ymb þâ gif-healle (_around the
+gift-hall, throne-hall_), 839; ymb þäs helmes hrôf (_around the helm's
+roof, crown_), 1031.--2) temporal, _about, after_: ymb ân-tîd ôðres dôgores
+(_about the same time the next day_), 219; ymb âne niht (_after a night_),
+135.--3) causal, _about, on account of, for, owing to_: (frînan) ymb þînne
+sîð (_on account of, concerning?, thy journey_), 353; hwät þu ... ymb
+Brecan spræce (_hast spoken about B._), 531; so, 1596, 3174; nâ ymb his lîf
+cearað (_careth not for his life_), 1537; so, 450; ymb feorh sacan, 439;
+sundor-nytte beheóld ymb aldor Dena, 669; ymb sund (_about the swimming,
+the prize for swimming_), 507.
+
+ymbe, I. prep. w. acc. = ymb: 1) local, 2884, 3171; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf
+(prep, postponed), 2297. 2) causal, 2071, 2619.--II. adv., _around_: him
+... ymbe, 2598.
+
+ymb-sittend, pres. part., _neighbor_ gen. pl. ymb-sittendra, 9.
+
+ymbe-sittend, the same: nom. pl. ymbe-sittend, 1828; gen. pl.
+ymbe-sittendra, 2735.
+
+yppe, w. f., _high seat, dais, throne_: dat. sg. eode ... tô yppan, 1816.
+
+yrfe, st. n., _bequest, legacy_: nom. sg., 3052.
+
+yrfe-lâf, st. f., _sword left as a bequest_: acc. sg. yrfe-lâfe, 1054;
+instr. sg. yrfe-lâfe, 1904.
+
+yrfe-weard, st. m., _heir, son_: nom. sg., 2732; gen. sg. yrfe-weardes,
+2454. (-as, MS.)
+
+yrmðo, st. f., _misery, shame, wretchedness_: acc. sg. yrmðe, 1260, 2006.
+
+yrre, st. n., _anger, ire, excitement_: acc. sg. godes yrre, 712; dat. sg,
+on yrre, 2093.
+
+yrre, adj., _angry, irate, furious_: nom. sg. yrre oretta (Beówulf), 1533;
+þegn yrre (the same), 1576; gäst yrre (Grendel), 2074; nom. pl. yrre, 770.
+See eorre.
+
+yrringa, adv., _angrily, fiercely_, 1566, 2965.
+
+yrre-môd, adj., _wrathful-minded, wild_: nom. sg., 727.
+
+ys, _he is_. See wesan.
+
+
+Ý
+
+ýð (O.H.G. unda), st. f., _wave; sea_: nom. pl. ýða, 548; acc. pl. ýðe, 46,
+1133, 1910; dat. pl. ýðum, 210, 421, 534, 1438, 1908; ýðum weallan (_to
+surge with waves_), 515, 2694; gen. pl. ýða, 464, 849, 1209, 1470,
+1919.--Comp: flôd-, lîg-, wäter-ýð.
+
+ýðan, w. v., _to ravage, devastate, destroy_: pret. sg. ýðde eotena cyn,
+421 (cf. îðende = _depopulating_, Bosworth, from Ælfric's Glossary; pret.
+ýðde, Wanderer, 85).
+
+ýðe. See eáðe.
+
+ýðe-lîce, adv., _easily_: ýðe-lîce he eft â-stôd (_he easily arose
+afterwards_), 1557.
+
+ýð-gebland, st. n., _mingling_ or _surging waters, water-tumult_: nom. sg.
+-geblond, 1374, 1594; nom. pl. -gebland, 1621.
+
+ýð-gewin, st. n., _strife with the sea, wave-struggle, rushing of water_:
+dat. sg. ýð-gewinne, 2413; gen. sg. -gewinnes, 1435.
+
+ýð-lâd, st. f., _water-journey, sea-voyage_: nom. pl. ýð-lâde, 228.
+
+ýð-lâf, st. f., _water-leaving, what is left by the water (undarum
+reliquiae), shore_: dat. sg. be ýð-lâfe, 566.
+
+ýð-lida, w. m., _wave-traverser, ship_: acc. sg. ýð-lidan, 198.
+
+ýð-naca, w. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg. [ýð-]nacan, 1904.
+
+ýð-gesêne. See êð-gesýne.
+
+ýwan, w. v. w. acc., _to show_: pret. sg. an-sýn ýwde (_showed itself,
+appeared_), 2835. See eáwan, eówan.
+
+ge-ýwan, w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to lay before, offer_: inf.,
+2150.
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY TO FINNSBURH.
+
+âbrecan, st. v., _to shatter_: part. his byrne âbrocen wære (_his byrnie
+was shattered_).
+
+ânyman, st. v., _to take, take away_.
+
+bân-helm, st. m., _bone-helmet; skull_, [_shield_, Bosw.].
+
+buruh-þelu, st. f., _castle-floor_.
+
+cêlod, part, (adj.?), _keeled_, i.e. boat-shaped or hollow.
+
+dagian, w. v., _to dawn_: ne þis ne dagiað eástan (_this is not dawning
+from the east_).
+
+deór-môd, adj., _brave in mood_: deór-môd häleð.
+
+driht-gesîð, st m., _companion, associate_.
+
+eástan, adv., _from the east_.
+
+eorð-bûend, st. m., _earth-dweller, man_.
+
+fêr, st. m. _fear, terror_.
+
+fýren, adj., _flaming, afire_: nom. f. swylce eal Finns-buruh fýrenu wære
+(_as if all Finnsburh were afire_).
+
+gehlyn, st. n., _noise, tumult_.
+
+gellan, st. v., _to sing_ (i.e. ring or resound): pres. sg. gylleð
+græg-hama (_the gray garment_ [byrnie] _rings_); (_the gray wolf
+yelleth_?).
+
+genesan, st. v., _to survive, recover from_: pret. pl. þâ wîgend hyra wunda
+genæson (_the warriors were recovering from their wounds_).
+
+gold-hladen, adj., _laden with gold_ (wearing heavy gold ornaments).
+
+græg-hama, w. m., _gray garment, mail-coat_; (_wolf_?--Brooke).
+
+gûð-wudu, st. m., _war-wood, spear_.
+
+häg-steald, st. m., _one who lives in his lord's house, a house-carl._
+
+heaðo-geong, adj., _young in war._
+
+here-sceorp, st. n., _war-dress, coat of mail_.
+
+hleoðrian, w. v., _to speak, exclaim_: pret. sg. hleoðrode ... cyning (_the
+prince exclaimed_).
+
+hræw, st. n., _corpse_.
+
+hrôr, adj., _strong_: here-sceorpum hrôr (_strong_ [though it was] _as
+armor_, Bosw.).
+
+lac (lað?)? for flacor, _fluttering?_
+
+oncweðan, st. v., _to answer_: pres. sg. scyld scefte oncwyð (_the shield
+answers the spear_).
+
+onwacnian, w. v., _to awake, arouse one's self_: imper. pl. onwacnigeað...,
+wîgend mine (_awake, my warriors!_).
+
+sceft (sceaft), st. m., _spear, shaft_.
+
+sealo-brûn, adj., _dusky-brown_.
+
+sige-beorn, st. m., _victorious hero, valiant warrior_.
+
+swäðer (swâ hwäðer), pron., _which of two, which_.
+
+swân, st. m., _swain, youth; warrior_.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black_.
+
+swêt, adj., _sweet_: acc. m. swêtne medo ... forgyldan (_requite the sweet
+mead_, i.e. repay, by prowess in battle, the bounty of their chief).
+
+swurd-leóma, w. m., _sword-flame, flashing of swords_.
+
+þyrl, adj., _pierced, cloven_.
+
+undearninga, adv., _without concealment, openly_.
+
+wandrian, w. v., _to fly about, hover_: pret. sg. hräfn wandrode (_the
+raven hovered_).
+
+waðol, st. m., _the full moon_ [Grein]; [adj., _wandering_, Bosw.].
+
+wäl-sliht (-sleaht), st. m., _combat, deadly struggle_: gen. pl. wäl-slihta
+gehlyn (_the din of combats_)
+
+weâ-dæd, st. f., _deed of woe_: nom. pl. ârisað weâ-dæda.
+
+witian (weotian), w. v., _to appoint, determine_: part. þe is ... witod.
+
+wurðlîce (weorðlîce), adv., _worthily, gallantly_: compar. wurð-lîcor.
+
+wäg, weg, st. m., _way_.
+
+
+
+CORRECTIONS MADE TO THE SOURCE TEXT:
+
+ARGUMENT, recals = recalls
+POEM:
+ll. 131, 737 þryð-swyð = þrýð-swýð
+l. 256 ôfest = ôfost
+l. 303 sciónon = scionon
+l. 706 buton = bûton
+l. 1115 ât = ät
+l. 1133 wîð = wið
+ll. 1304, 1560, 1616 missing caesuras supplied
+l. 1436 here-sträl = here-stræl
+l. 1642 feôwer- = feówer
+l. 1747 sträle = stræle
+l. 1828 þywað = þýwað
+l. 1926 betlic = betlîc
+l. 2224 gesceód = gesceôd
+ll. 2288, 3036 wâs = wäs
+l. 2453 to = tô
+l. 2503 Huga = Hûga
+l. 2586 niðe = nîðe
+l. 2587 sið = sîð
+l. 2684 irenna = îrenna
+l. 2915 Hugas = Hûgas
+l. 2956 heáðo-liðendum = heaðo-lîðendum
+l. 3000 Þât = Þät; feônd- = feónd-
+l. 3056 sóð = sôð
+l. 3137 Hrônes = Hrones
+list of names, under:
+ Dene, Scedenîgge = Scedenigge
+ Eádgils, Ohthere = Ôhthere
+ Freáwaru, Freawaru = Freáwaru
+ Hrôðgâr, Hrôð-gâre = Hrôðgâre
+ Hygelac, Hæreð = Häreð
+NOTES for
+l. 31, of l. 31 = of l. 30
+l. 1441, wôð- = wæg-
+l. 1916, leôfra = leófra
+GLOSSARY, under headword
+ äðele, Beowulf's = Beówulf's
+ ân, gehwilces = gehwylces
+ æg-hwâ, ægh-wäs = æghwäs
+ ät-beran, beadolâce = beadulâce
+ beadu-lâc, beado- = beadu- (twice)
+ beág, beages = beáges
+ beorh, heáford- = heáfod
+ beódan, leodum = leódum
+ beón, cwênlic = cwênlîc
+ biddan, bliðne = blîðne
+ bitter, sträle = stræle
+ ge-bîdan, therefor = therefore
+ on-bîdan, earfôðlîce = earfoðlîce
+ brecan, lêtdse = lêt se
+ burne, of of = of
+ bûtan, swîce = swice
+ cempa, Huga = Hûga
+ ge-ceósan, usic = ûsic
+ on-cirran, wealdendas = wealdendes
+ corðer, þä = þâ
+ cunnan, þeáwe = þeáw
+ cûð, wîð- = wîd-
+ dôgor, gehwam = gehwâm
+ dôn, ymbsittend = ymbesittend; hettend = hetend; þywað = þýwað
+ drîfan, feoran = feorran
+ dryhten, freáh- = freá-
+ dryht-scipe, drihtscipe = drihtscype
+ ge-dýgan, wräcsið = wräcsîð
+ eal, oncyððe = oncýððe
+ ealdor, heresträl = herestræl
+ eácen-cräftig, iúmanna = iúmonna
+ eofor-spreót, hocyhtum = hôcyhtum
+ eorlîc, eorlic [ellen] = eorlîc
+ fâh, wâldreóre = wäldreóre
+ ôð-ferian, panon = þonan
+ fela, maððum- = mâððum
+ fêran, wäre = wære
+ feónd, feonda = feónda
+ fleón, fenhôpu = fenhopu
+ floga, wîð- = wîd-
+ folc-toga, Hrôðgar = Hrôðgâr
+ for, wonhydum = wonhýdum; handgeweorc = hondgeweorc
+ fôt-gemearc, long = lang
+ ge-frignan, þeodcyninga = þeódcyninga
+ ge-fyrðran, fratwum = frätwum
+ ge-fýsan, to sêcanne = tô sêceanne
+ gân, swa = swâ; [or] giong = gióng; flore = flôre; sîttan = sittan
+ ge-gan, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gâr-wîga, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gäst, fêde- = fêðe-
+ gegn-cwide, þinra = þînra
+ ge-gyrwan, yðlidan = ýðlidan
+ geóc, gást = gâst
+ geômore-lîc, [bið] geômorlic = geômorlîc
+ for-gildan, therefor = therefore
+ gold-wlanc, guðrinc = gûðrinc
+ grêtan, walgæst = wälgæst
+ grim, searo-grimm = searo-grim
+ habban, gecorene = gecorone
+ wið-habban, winsele = wînsele
+ hatan, sæliðend = sælîðend
+ hatian, guð-sceaða = gûð-sceaða
+ hâr, heâre = heáre
+ here-stræl, -sträl = stræl
+ heard, -sträl = -stræl; regen- = regn-
+ heorte, starc- = stearc
+ heoro-dreór, heoro-dreore (citation) = heoro-dreóre
+ hlið, hliðu = hliðo (twice)
+ hôp, hôp = hop (twice)
+ hreow, þât = þät
+ hrôf, geseáh = geseah
+ hwîl, seo = seó
+ hýran, æghwilc = æghwylc
+ inne, abeád = âbeád
+ îren, drihtlîc = dryhtlîc
+ lâð, gewiðru = gewidru; scynnum = scinnum
+ be-leán, beleân = beleán
+ mêtan, Aescheres = Äscheres
+ mearcian, môrhôpu = môrhopu
+ ge-mearian, hwam = hwâm
+ morðor-bed, stred = strêd
+ môd, stið- = stîð-
+ nænig, horð-mâðum = hord-mâððum
+ on, heáðe = heoðe; willen = willan
+ ræd, fæst- = fäst
+ reccan, hu = hû
+ rîdan, gealgan = galgan
+ sang, -leasne = leásne
+ sceapan, Hugas = Hûgas (twice)
+ scânan, sciónon = scionon
+ scînan, scînon = scinon
+ secg, synnigne = sinnigne
+ ge-sêcan, -cyððe = cýððe
+ ge-sîgan, ätsäcce = ät säcce
+ ge-sleán, ge-slôgan = ge-slôgon
+ standan, sträl = stræl
+ stapan, furðor = furður
+ ge-steppan, Ohtheres = Ôhteres
+ stincan, þä = þâ
+ styrian, ge-wiðru = ge-widru
+ sweord, maððum- = mâððum
+ ge-swîcan, þeodne = þeódne
+ teón (w. v.), naläs = nalas; teodan = teódan
+ tô, hälum = hælum; sitte = site; Eofore = Jofore
+ ge-trûwan, -wäre = wære
+ ge-twæfan, ôððe = oððe
+ þær, snotera = snottra
+ þe, gimfästan = ginfästan
+ of-þincan, gehwam = gehwâm
+ ge-þolian, þât = þät
+ þu, sælran = selran
+ þûsend, seófon = seofan
+ un-heóre, -speru = -sporu
+ ûs, æg-hwilc = æg-hwylc
+ wacan, wôcon = wôcun
+ werian, beaduscrûd = beaduscrûda
+ be-werian, scynnum = scinnum
+ wên, orlêg = orleg; ôr-wena = or-wêna
+ weorðian, leôde = leóde
+ willa, wyllum = willum
+ wilnian, fäðer = fäder
+ nât, hwilc = hwylc (twice)
+ ge-wîtan, wäre = wære
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf
+by James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+This file should be named 8bwlf10.txt or 8bwlf10.zip
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks get a new NUMBER, 8bwlf11.txt
+VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, 8bwlf10a.txt
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we usually do not
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+We are now trying to release all our eBooks one year in advance
+of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing.
+Please be encouraged to tell us about any error or corrections,
+even years after the official publication date.
+
+Please note neither this listing nor its contents are final til
+midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
+The official release date of all Project Gutenberg eBooks is at
+Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month.  A
+preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment
+and editing by those who wish to do so.
+
+Most people start at our Web sites at:
+http://gutenberg.net or
+http://promo.net/pg
+
+These Web sites include award-winning information about Project
+Gutenberg, including how to donate, how to help produce our new
+eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter (free!).
+
+
+Those of you who want to download any eBook before announcement
+can get to them as follows, and just download by date.  This is
+also a good way to get them instantly upon announcement, as the
+indexes our cataloguers produce obviously take a while after an
+announcement goes out in the Project Gutenberg Newsletter.
+
+http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext03 or
+ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext03
+
+Or /etext02, 01, 00, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90
+
+Just search by the first five letters of the filename you want,
+as it appears in our Newsletters.
+
+
+Information about Project Gutenberg (one page)
+
+We produce about two million dollars for each hour we work.  The
+time it takes us, a rather conservative estimate, is fifty hours
+to get any eBook selected, entered, proofread, edited, copyright
+searched and analyzed, the copyright letters written, etc.   Our
+projected audience is one hundred million readers.  If the value
+per text is nominally estimated at one dollar then we produce $2
+million dollars per hour in 2002 as we release over 100 new text
+files per month:  1240 more eBooks in 2001 for a total of 4000+
+We are already on our way to trying for 2000 more eBooks in 2002
+If they reach just 1-2% of the world's population then the total
+will reach over half a trillion eBooks given away by year's end.
+
+The Goal of Project Gutenberg is to Give Away 1 Trillion eBooks!
+This is ten thousand titles each to one hundred million readers,
+which is only about 4% of the present number of computer users.
+
+Here is the briefest record of our progress (* means estimated):
+
+eBooks Year Month
+
+    1  1971 July
+   10  1991 January
+  100  1994 January
+ 1000  1997 August
+ 1500  1998 October
+ 2000  1999 December
+ 2500  2000 December
+ 3000  2001 November
+ 4000  2001 October/November
+ 6000  2002 December*
+ 9000  2003 November*
+10000  2004 January*
+
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been created
+to secure a future for Project Gutenberg into the next millennium.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+As of February, 2002, contributions are being solicited from people
+and organizations in: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut,
+Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois,
+Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts,
+Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New
+Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
+Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South
+Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West
+Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
+
+We have filed in all 50 states now, but these are the only ones
+that have responded.
+
+As the requirements for other states are met, additions to this list
+will be made and fund raising will begin in the additional states.
+Please feel free to ask to check the status of your state.
+
+In answer to various questions we have received on this:
+
+We are constantly working on finishing the paperwork to legally
+request donations in all 50 states.  If your state is not listed and
+you would like to know if we have added it since the list you have,
+just ask.
+
+While we cannot solicit donations from people in states where we are
+not yet registered, we know of no prohibition against accepting
+donations from donors in these states who approach us with an offer to
+donate.
+
+International donations are accepted, but we don't know ANYTHING about
+how to make them tax-deductible, or even if they CAN be made
+deductible, and don't have the staff to handle it even if there are
+ways.
+
+Donations by check or money order may be sent to:
+
+Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+PMB 113
+1739 University Ave.
+Oxford, MS 38655-4109
+
+Contact us if you want to arrange for a wire transfer or payment
+method other than by check or money order.
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been approved by
+the US Internal Revenue Service as a 501(c)(3) organization with EIN
+[Employee Identification Number] 64-622154.  Donations are
+tax-deductible to the maximum extent permitted by law.  As fund-raising
+requirements for other states are met, additions to this list will be
+made and fund-raising will begin in the additional states.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+You can get up to date donation information online at:
+
+http://www.gutenberg.net/donation.html
+
+
+***
+
+If you can't reach Project Gutenberg,
+you can always email directly to:
+
+Michael S. Hart <hart@pobox.com>
+
+Prof. Hart will answer or forward your message.
+
+We would prefer to send you information by email.
+
+
+**The Legal Small Print**
+
+
+(Three Pages)
+
+***START**THE SMALL PRINT!**FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS**START***
+Why is this "Small Print!" statement here? You know: lawyers.
+They tell us you might sue us if there is something wrong with
+your copy of this eBook, even if you got it for free from
+someone other than us, and even if what's wrong is not our
+fault. So, among other things, this "Small Print!" statement
+disclaims most of our liability to you. It also tells you how
+you may distribute copies of this eBook if you want to.
+
+*BEFORE!* YOU USE OR READ THIS EBOOK
+By using or reading any part of this PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
+eBook, you indicate that you understand, agree to and accept
+this "Small Print!" statement. If you do not, you can receive
+a refund of the money (if any) you paid for this eBook by
+sending a request within 30 days of receiving it to the person
+you got it from. If you received this eBook on a physical
+medium (such as a disk), you must return it with your request.
+
+ABOUT PROJECT GUTENBERG-TM EBOOKS
+This PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook, like most PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBooks,
+is a "public domain" work distributed by Professor Michael S. Hart
+through the Project Gutenberg Association (the "Project").
+Among other things, this means that no one owns a United States copyright
+on or for this work, so the Project (and you!) can copy and
+distribute it in the United States without permission and
+without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth
+below, apply if you wish to copy and distribute this eBook
+under the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark.
+
+Please do not use the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark to market
+any commercial products without permission.
+
+To create these eBooks, the Project expends considerable
+efforts to identify, transcribe and proofread public domain
+works. Despite these efforts, the Project's eBooks and any
+medium they may be on may contain "Defects". Among other
+things, Defects may take the form of incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
+intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged
+disk or other eBook medium, a computer virus, or computer
+codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.
+
+LIMITED WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES
+But for the "Right of Replacement or Refund" described below,
+[1] Michael Hart and the Foundation (and any other party you may
+receive this eBook from as a PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook) disclaims
+all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including
+legal fees, and [2] YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE OR
+UNDER STRICT LIABILITY, OR FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR CONTRACT,
+INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE
+OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+If you discover a Defect in this eBook within 90 days of
+receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any)
+you paid for it by sending an explanatory note within that
+time to the person you received it from. If you received it
+on a physical medium, you must return it with your note, and
+such person may choose to alternatively give you a replacement
+copy. If you received it electronically, such person may
+choose to alternatively give you a second opportunity to
+receive it electronically.
+
+THIS EBOOK IS OTHERWISE PROVIDED TO YOU "AS-IS". NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE MADE TO YOU AS
+TO THE EBOOK OR ANY MEDIUM IT MAY BE ON, INCLUDING BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+Some states do not allow disclaimers of implied warranties or
+the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so the
+above disclaimers and exclusions may not apply to you, and you
+may have other legal rights.
+
+INDEMNITY
+You will indemnify and hold Michael Hart, the Foundation,
+and its trustees and agents, and any volunteers associated
+with the production and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
+texts harmless, from all liability, cost and expense, including
+legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the
+following that you do or cause:  [1] distribution of this eBook,
+[2] alteration, modification, or addition to the eBook,
+or [3] any Defect.
+
+DISTRIBUTION UNDER "PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm"
+You may distribute copies of this eBook electronically, or by
+disk, book or any other medium if you either delete this
+"Small Print!" and all other references to Project Gutenberg,
+or:
+
+[1]  Only give exact copies of it.  Among other things, this
+     requires that you do not remove, alter or modify the
+     eBook or this "small print!" statement.  You may however,
+     if you wish, distribute this eBook in machine readable
+     binary, compressed, mark-up, or proprietary form,
+     including any form resulting from conversion by word
+     processing or hypertext software, but only so long as
+     *EITHER*:
+
+     [*]  The eBook, when displayed, is clearly readable, and
+          does *not* contain characters other than those
+          intended by the author of the work, although tilde
+          (~), asterisk (*) and underline (_) characters may
+          be used to convey punctuation intended by the
+          author, and additional characters may be used to
+          indicate hypertext links; OR
+
+     [*]  The eBook may be readily converted by the reader at
+          no expense into plain ASCII, EBCDIC or equivalent
+          form by the program that displays the eBook (as is
+          the case, for instance, with most word processors);
+          OR
+
+     [*]  You provide, or agree to also provide on request at
+          no additional cost, fee or expense, a copy of the
+          eBook in its original plain ASCII form (or in EBCDIC
+          or other equivalent proprietary form).
+
+[2]  Honor the eBook refund and replacement provisions of this
+     "Small Print!" statement.
+
+[3]  Pay a trademark license fee to the Foundation of 20% of the
+     gross profits you derive calculated using the method you
+     already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  If you
+     don't derive profits, no royalty is due.  Royalties are
+     payable to "Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation"
+     the 60 days following each date you prepare (or were
+     legally required to prepare) your annual (or equivalent
+     periodic) tax return.  Please contact us beforehand to
+     let us know your plans and to work out the details.
+
+WHAT IF YOU *WANT* TO SEND MONEY EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE TO?
+Project Gutenberg is dedicated to increasing the number of
+public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed
+in machine readable form.
+
+The Project gratefully accepts contributions of money, time,
+public domain materials, or royalty free copyright licenses.
+Money should be paid to the:
+"Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+If you are interested in contributing scanning equipment or
+software or other items, please contact Michael Hart at:
+hart@pobox.com
+
+[Portions of this eBook's header and trailer may be reprinted only
+when distributed free of all fees.  Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 by
+Michael S. Hart.  Project Gutenberg is a TradeMark and may not be
+used in any sales of Project Gutenberg eBooks or other materials be
+they hardware or software or any other related product without
+express permission.]
+
+*END THE SMALL PRINT! FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS*Ver.02/11/02*END*
+
diff --git a/old/8bwlf10.zip b/old/8bwlf10.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df4a718
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/8bwlf10.zip
diff --git a/old/8bwlf10h.htm b/old/8bwlf10h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9ef31d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/8bwlf10h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,22337 @@
+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Beowulf</title>
+  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
+  <style type="text/css">
+  <!--
+  body { margin: 0; padding: 0 15em 0 0;
+         background: white; color: black; }
+  hr { width: 20%; }
+  a:link { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
+  a:visited { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
+  a:hover { color: #F93; }
+  a.lineno { float: left; text-align: right; margin-left: 1em; }
+  a.lineno:hover { color: black; }
+  a.nref { float: right; margin-right: 6em; }
+  a.glentry { font-weight: bold; }
+  a.glentry:hover { color: black; }
+  div.line { margin-left: 4em; }
+  div.lcite { margin-left: 8em; }
+  div.content { padding: 0 .5em;}
+  div.toc { position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; width: 15em; height: 100%;
+            background: #e0e8dd;}
+  @media screen {
+    body>div.toc { position: fixed; }
+    }
+  div.toc h4 { margin: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center;
+               color: white; background: #336633;
+               font: bold 110% Arial, Verdana, sans-seri; }
+  div.toc ul {margin-left: 0; padding: 0 1em;}
+  div.toc ul li {list-style-type: none;
+                 font: bold 100% Arial, Verdana, sans-serif; }
+  div.toc ul ul li { font-size: 80%; font-weight: normal; }
+  div.toc ul ul li.runin { display: inline; }
+  div#titlepage { text-align: center; }
+  -->
+  </style>
+  <!-- Now a hack to work around Explorer's non-compliant behavior -->
+  <!--[if IE]>
+  <style type="text/css">
+  body ( overflow-y: hidden; }
+  div.content { height: 100%; overflow: auto;
+  </style>
+  <![endif]-->
+</head>
+<body>
+
+
+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's Beowulf, by James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the
+copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing
+this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook.
+
+This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project
+Gutenberg file.  Please do not remove it.  Do not change or edit the
+header without written permission.
+
+Please read the "legal small print," and other information about the
+eBook and Project Gutenberg at the bottom of this file.  Included is
+important information about your specific rights and restrictions in
+how the file may be used.  You can also find out about how to make a
+donation to Project Gutenberg, and how to get involved.
+
+
+**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
+
+**eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
+
+*****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!*****
+
+
+Title: Beowulf
+
+Author: James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+Release Date: January, 2006 [EBook #9700]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on October 12, 2003]
+
+Edition: 10
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<div class="toc">
+<!-- Added for the HTML version; not in original text -->
+<h4>Contents</h4>
+<ul>
+  <li>Preface
+    <ul>
+    <li><a href="#pgintro">PG Preface</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#titlepage">Title Page</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#intro4">Preface to the 4th ed.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#intro3">Note to the 3rd ed.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#intro2">Note to the 2nd ed.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#intron1">Note I.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#intron2">Note II.</a></li>
+    <li><a href="#argument">Argument</a></li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><a href="#poemtop">Beowulf</a>
+    <ul>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittI">I</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittII">II</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittIII">III</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittIV">IV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittV">V</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittVI">VI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittVII">VII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittVIII">VIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittIX">IX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittX">X</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXI">XI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXII">XII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXIII">XIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXIV">XIV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXV">XV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXVI">XVI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXVII">XVII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXVIII">XVIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXIX">XIX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXX">XX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXI">XXI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXII">XXII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXIII">XXIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXIV">XXIV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXV">XXV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXVI">XXVI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXVII">XXVII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXVIII">XXVIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXIX">XXIX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXX">XXX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXI">XXXI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXII">XXXII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXIII">XXXIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXIV">XXXIV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXV">XXXV</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXVI">XXXVI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXVII">XXXVII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXVIII">XXXVIII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXXXIX">XXXIX</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXL">XL</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXLI">XLI</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXLII">XLII</a></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#fittXLIII">XLIII</a></li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><a href="#finnsburg">The Fight at Finnsburh</a></li>
+  <li><a href="#names">List of Names</a></li>
+  <li><a href="#notes">Notes</a></li>
+  <li><a href="#glossary">Glossary</a>
+    <ul>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossA">A</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossAl">Â</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossAE">Ä</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossAEl">Æ</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossB">B</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossC">C</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossD">D</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossE">E</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossEl">Ê</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossEA">EA</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossEAl">EÁ</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossEO">EO</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossEOl">EÓ</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossF">F</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossG">G</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossH">H</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossI">I</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossIl">Î</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossIO">IO</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossL">L</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossM">M</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossN">N</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossO">O</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossOl">Ô</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossP">P</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossR">R</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossS">S</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossT">T</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossTH">&THORN;</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossU">U</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossUl">Û</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossW">W</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossY">Y</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossYl">Ý</A></li>
+    <li class="runin"><a href="#glossFin">Finnsburh</a></li>
+    </ul>
+  </li>
+  <li><a href="#corr">Corrections</a></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="content">
+<div id="front">
+<a name="pgintro"></a><h3>Preface to the Project Gutenberg Edition of Beowulf</h3>
+
+<p>This text is a corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and
+Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version
+(available in 8-bit (Latin-1) text and HTML) presents the original text as
+printed. <b>This file contains the original version</b>. It preserves the
+source-text's idiosyncratic use of accented vowels with the exception of
+y-circumflex (&#x177;), which is replaced by y-acute (&yacute;) to fit
+within the Latin-1 character set. Manifestly unintentional errors in the
+text have been corrected. In general, this has only been done when the text
+is internally inconsistent (e.g., a quotation in the glossary does not
+match the main text). Forms that represent deliberate editorial choice have
+not been altered, even where they appear wrong. (For example, some of the
+markings of vowel length do not reflect current scholarly consensus.) Where
+an uncorrected problem may confuse the reader, I have inserted a note
+explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made
+is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful
+to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition, available in
+Unicode (UTF-8) and HTML. Notes from the source text that indicate changes
+adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and
+apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the
+common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some words
+has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct. Quantities
+have not been changed when the difference is a matter of editorial
+interpretation (e.g., gäst vs. gæst in l. 102, etc.) A list of these
+altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections. Your
+browser must support the Unicode character set to use this file. To tell if
+your browser supports the necessary characters, check the table of vowel
+equivalents below. If you see any empty boxes or question marks in the
+&quot;revised&quot; columns, you should use the basic version.</p>
+
+<h4>Explanation of the Vowel Accenting</h4>
+
+<p>In general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark
+long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character '&aelig;' represents the long
+vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut (&auml;). The long diphthongs (&#x0113;o,
+&#x0113;a, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the
+<em>second</em> vowel (e&oacute;, e&aacute;, etc.).</p>
+
+<p>Vowel Equivalents in Different Versions:</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td>Orig.</td><td>Revised</td><td>Orig.</td><td>Revised</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&auml;</td><td>&aelig;</td><td>&ucirc;</td><td>&#x16B;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&Auml;</td><td>&AElig;</td><td>&Ucirc;</td><td>&#x16A;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&aelig;</td><td>&#x1E3;</td><td>&yacute;</td><td>y&#x304;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&AElig;</td><td>&#x1E2;</td><td>&Yacute;</td><td>Y&#x304;</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&acirc;</td><td>&#x101;</td><td>e&aacute;</td><td>&#x113;a</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&Acirc;</td><td>&#x100;</td><td>E&aacute;</td><td>&#x112;a</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&ecirc;</td><td>&#x113;</td><td>e&oacute;</td><td>&#x113;o</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&Ecirc;</td><td>&#x112;</td><td>E&oacute;</td><td>&#x112;o</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&icirc;</td><td>&#x12B;</td><td>i&aacute;</td><td>&#x12B;a</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&Icirc;</td><td>&#x12A;</td><td>I&aacute;</td><td>&#x12A;a</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&ocirc;</td><td>&#x14D;</td><td>i&oacute;</td><td>&#x12B;o</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&Ocirc;</td><td>&#x14C;</td><td>I&oacute;</td><td>&#x12A;o</td></tr>
+</table>
+<hr>
+<div id="titlepage">
+<a name="titlepage"></a><h1>I. BEÓWULF:</h1>
+
+<p><i>AN ANGLO-SAXON POEM</i>.</p>
+
+<h2>II. THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURH:</h2>
+
+<p><i>A FRAGMENT</i>.</p>
+
+<p>WITH TEXT AND GLOSSARY ON THE</p>
+<p>BASIS OF M. HEYNE.</p>
+
+<p>EDITED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, BY</p>
+
+<p>JAMES A. HARRISON, LL.D., LITT. D.,</p>
+
+<p>PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND MODERN LANGUAGES,</p>
+<p>WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,</p>
+
+<p>AND</p>
+
+<p>ROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.),</p>
+
+<p>PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH,</p>
+<p>TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA.</p>
+
+<p>FOURTH EDITION. REVISED, WITH NOTES.</p>
+
+<p>GINN &amp; COMPANY</p>
+
+<p>BOSTON&mdash;NEW YORK&mdash;CHICAGO&mdash;LONDON</p>
+<hr>
+<p>Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by</p>
+<p>JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP</p>
+<p>in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.</p>
+<hr>
+<p>DEDICATED</p>
+
+<p>TO</p>
+<p>PROFESSOR F. A. MARCH,</p>
+<p>OF LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PA.,</p>
+<p>AND</p>
+<p>FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ.</p>
+<p>FOUNDER OF THE &quot;NEW SHAKSPERE SOCIETY,&quot;</p>
+<p>THE &quot;CHAUCER SOCIETY,&quot; ETC., ETC.</p>
+</div>
+<hr>
+
+<a name="intro4"></a><h3>PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.</h3>
+
+<p>The favor with which the successive editions of &quot;Beówulf&quot; have been
+received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to
+continue the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable
+feature of which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for
+the first time added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new
+textual readings, with here and there grammatical, geographical, and
+archæological points that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms
+and parallel passages are constantly compared, with the view of making
+the poem illustrate and explain itself. A few emendations and textual
+changes are suggested by the editors with all possible diffidence;
+numerous corrections have been made in the Glossary and List of Names;
+and the valuable parts of former Appendices have been embodied in the
+Notes.</p>
+
+<p>For the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German
+periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of
+Professors Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the
+Heyne-Socin edition of &quot;Beówulf.&quot; No change has been made in the
+system of accentuation, though a few errors in quantity have been
+corrected. The editors are looking forward to an eventual fifth
+edition, in which an entirely new text will be presented.</p>
+
+<p>October, 1893.</p>
+
+
+<a name="intro3"></a><h3>NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION.</h3>
+
+<p>This third edition of the American issue of Beówulf will, the editors
+hope, be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding
+editions. Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and
+some additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two
+brief appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical
+system of Beówulf will find ample material for their studies in
+Sievers' exhaustive essay on that subject (Beiträge, X. 209-314).</p>
+
+<p>Socin's edition of Heyne's Beówulf (called the fifth edition) has been
+utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came
+too late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and
+inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is
+valuable to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary.
+Students of the poem, which has been subjected to much searching
+criticism during the last decade, will also derive especial help from
+the contributions of Sievers and Kluge on difficult questions
+appertaining to it. Wülker's new edition (in the Grein
+<i>Bibliothek</i>) is of the highest value, however one may dissent
+from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.'
+Paul and Braune's Beiträge contain a varied miscellany of hints,
+corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge,
+Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are
+found in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition.
+Holder and Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann Möller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel
+(Anzeiger f.d. Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.),
+Brenner (Eng. Studien, IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have
+assisted materially in the textual and metrical interpretation of the
+poem.</p>
+
+<p>The subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able
+essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.),
+Kluge (Beiträge, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this
+field that the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels
+found in the text of their original edition, while indicating in the
+appendices the now accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the
+personal pronouns (<b>mê, wê, &thorn;û, &thorn;ê, gê, hê</b>); the adverb
+<b>nû</b>, etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish absolutely all
+attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms. has them
+marked.</p>
+
+<p>An approximately complete Bibliography of Beówulf literature will be
+found in Wülker's <i>Grundriss</i> and in Garnett's translation of the
+poem.</p>
+
+<p>JAMES A. HARRISON,</p>
+
+<p>ROBERT SHARP.</p>
+
+<p>WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., May, 1888.</p>
+
+<a name="intro2"></a><h3>NOTE TO THE SECOND REVISED EDITION.</h3>
+
+<p>The editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their
+edition of Beówulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings,
+they have determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book,
+and thus endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty
+errors had, notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the
+text,&mdash;errors in single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have
+been corrected, and it is hoped that the text has been rendered
+generally accurate and trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two
+corrections have been made, and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in
+gender, classification, and translation, apparently unavoidable in a
+first edition, have been rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern
+<i>single</i> letters, or occupy very small space, they have been
+corrected in the plates; where they are longer, and the expense of
+correcting them in the plates would have been very great, the editors
+have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of Corrections and
+Additions, which will be found at the back of the book. Students are
+accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer corrections
+and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has been much
+enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late criticisms
+and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder, Wülker,
+and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested
+readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt
+passages.</p>
+
+<p>The objectionable &auml; and &aelig;, for the short and the long diphthong, have
+been retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of
+removing them without entirely recasting the plates.</p>
+
+<p>In conclusion, the editors would acknowledge their great indebtedness
+to the friends and critics whose remarks and criticisms have
+materially aided in the correction of the text,&mdash;particularly to
+Profs. C.P.G. Scott, Baskervill, Price, and J.M. Hart; to Prof. J.W.
+Bright; and to the authorities of Cornell University, for the loan of
+periodicals necessary to the completeness of the revision. While the
+second revised edition still contains much that might be improved, the
+editors cannot but hope that it is an advance on its predecessor, and
+that it will continue its work of extending the study of Old English
+throughout the land.</p>
+
+<p>JUNE, 1885.</p>
+
+<a name="intron1"></a><h3>NOTE I.</h3>
+
+<p>The present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition,
+(Paderborn, 1879), is designed primarily for college classes in
+Anglo-Saxon, rather than for independent investigators or for seekers
+after a restored or ideal text. The need of an American edition of
+&quot;Beówulf&quot; has long been felt, as, hitherto, students have had either
+to send to Germany for a text, or secure, with great trouble, one of
+the scarce and expensive English editions. Heyne's first edition came
+out in 1863, and was followed in 1867 and 1873 by a second and a third
+edition, all three having essentially the same text.</p>
+
+<p>So many important contributions to the &quot;Beówulf&quot; literature were,
+however, made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to
+put forth a new edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text
+was subjected to a careful revision, and was fortified by the views,
+contributions, and criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the
+collation of the unique &quot;Beówulf&quot; Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss.
+of the British Museum), as made by E. Kölbing in Herrig's
+<i>Archiv</i> (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed wherever the present
+condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the researches of Bugge,
+Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use of. The
+discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in the
+second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the
+many controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present
+editor has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the
+subject of Old English <i>Metrik</i> is undergoing a steady
+illumination through the labors of Schipper and others.</p>
+
+<p>Some errors and misplaced accents in Heyne's text have been corrected
+in the present edition, in which, as in the general revision of the
+text, the editor has been most kindly aided by Prof. J.M. Garnett,
+late Principal of St. John's College, Maryland.</p>
+
+<p>In the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought
+best to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally
+with conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for
+another, and discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until Wülker's
+text and the photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the
+hands of all scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters
+in the school room, where they would puzzle without instructing.</p>
+
+<p>For convenience of reference, the editor has added a head-line to each
+&quot;fit&quot; of the poem, with a view to facilitate a knowledge of its
+episodes.</p>
+
+<p>WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., June, 1882.</p>
+
+<a name="intron1"></a><h3>NOTE II.</h3>
+
+<p>The editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a
+complete text and a tolerably complete glossary of &quot;Beówulf.&quot; The
+edition is the first published in America, and the first of its
+special kind presented to the English public, and it is the initial
+volume of a &quot;Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry,&quot; to be edited under the
+same auspices and with the coöperation of distinguished scholars in
+this country. Among these scholars may be mentioned Professors F.A.
+March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of Columbia College, and W.M.
+Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.</p>
+
+<p>In the preparation of the Glossary the editors found it necessary to
+abandon a literal and exact translation of Heyne for several reasons,
+and among others from the fact that Heyne seems to be wrong in the
+translation of some of his illustrative quotations, and even
+translates the same passage in two or three different ways under
+different headings. The orthography of his glossary differs
+considerably from the orthography of his text. He fails to
+discriminate with due nicety the meanings of many of the words in his
+vocabulary, while criticism more recent than his latest edition (1879)
+has illustrated or overthrown several of his renderings. The
+references were found to be incorrect in innumerable instances, and
+had to be verified in every individual case so far as this was
+possible, a few only, which resisted all efforts at verification,
+having to be indicated by an interrogation point (?). The references
+are exceedingly numerous, and the labor of verifying them was
+naturally great. To many passages in the Glossary, where Heyne's
+translation could not be trusted with entire certainty, the editors
+have added other translations of phrases and sentences or of special
+words; and in this they have been aided by a careful study of the text
+and a comparison and utilization of the views of Kemble and Professor
+J.M. Garnett (who takes Grein for his foundation). Many new references
+have been added; and the various passages in which Heyne fails to
+indicate whether a given verb is weak or strong, or fails to point out
+the number, etc., of the illustrative form, have been corrected and
+made to harmonize with the general plan of the work. Numerous
+misprints in the glossary have also been corrected, and a brief
+glossary to the Finnsburh-fragment, prepared by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne,
+and supplemented and adapted by the editor-in-chief, has been added.</p>
+
+<p>The editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for
+themselves something more than the claim of being re-translators of a
+translation: the present edition is, so far as they were able to make
+it so, an adaptation, correction, and extension of the work of the
+great German scholar to whose loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon
+epic all students of Old English owe a debt of gratitude. While
+following his usually sure and cautious guidance, and in the main
+appropriating his results, they have thought it best to deviate from
+him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed that he was
+wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of
+interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a
+point of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by
+the German editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many
+places,&mdash;&quot;Beówulf&quot; is a most difficult poem,&mdash;but their view may at
+least be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have
+faithfully and constantly consulted.</p>
+
+<p>A good many cognate Modern English words have been introduced here and
+there in the Glossary with a view to illustration, and other addenda
+will be found between brackets and parenthetical marks.</p>
+
+<p>It is hoped that the present edition of the most famous of Old English
+poems will do something to promote a valuable and interesting study.</p>
+
+<p>
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+<i>Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va</i>.</p>
+
+<p>ROBERT SHARP,
+<i>University of Louisiana, New Orleans</i>.</p>
+
+<p>April, 1883.</p>
+
+<p>The responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for
+the Text, and for the Glossary from <b>hrînan</b> on; S. for the List
+of Names, and for the Glossary as far as <b>hrînan.</b></p>
+<hr>
+<a name="argument"></a><h3>ARGUMENT.</h3>
+
+<p>The only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire
+is Beówulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:&mdash;The poem opens with a
+few verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of
+Sceaf. His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down
+to Hro&eth;gar. Hro&eth;gar, elated with his prosperity and success in war,
+builds a magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hro&eth;gar
+and his retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend,
+called Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night
+thirty of Hro&eth;gar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat.
+These ravages go on for twelve years. Beówulf, a thane of Hygelac,
+King of the Goths, hearing of Hro&eth;gar's calamities, sails from Sweden
+with fourteen warriors&mdash;to help him. They reach the Danish coast in
+safety; and, after an animated parley with Hro&eth;gar's coastguard, who
+at first takes them for pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the
+royal hall, where they are well received by Hro&eth;gar. A banquet ensues,
+during which Beówulf is taunted by the envious Hunferh&eth; about his
+swimming-match with Breca, King of the Brondings. Beówulf gives the
+true account of the contest, and silences Hunferh&eth;. At night-fall the
+King departs, leaving Beówulf in charge of the hall. Grendel soon
+breaks in, seizes and devours one of Beówulf's companions; is attacked
+by Beówulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn off by Beówulf,
+escapes to the fens. The joy of Hro&eth;gar and the Danes, and their
+festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and
+Beówulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night
+Grendel's mother revenges her son by carrying off Æschere, the friend
+and councillor of Hro&eth;gar, during the absence of Beówulf. Hro&eth;gar
+appeals to Beówulf for vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel
+and his mother. They all proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and
+the monsters that dwell in it, are described. Beówulf plunges into the
+water, and attacks Grendel's mother in her dwelling at the bottom of
+the lake. He at length overcomes her, and cuts off her head, together
+with that of Grendel, and brings the heads to Hro&eth;gar. He then takes
+leave of Hro&eth;gar, sails back to Sweden, and relates his adventures to
+Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends. The second begins with
+the accession of Beówulf to the throne, after the fall of Hygelac and
+his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty years, till a
+dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the country,
+and destroys Beówulf's palace with fire. Beówulf sets out in quest of
+its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his
+approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and
+exploits. He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and
+advances alone to attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter
+the cavern, he shouts aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's
+scaly hide is proof against Beówulf's sword, and he is reduced to
+great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of his followers, advances to help
+him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the dragon's fiery breath, and he
+is compelled to seek shelter under Beówulf's shield of iron. Beówulf's
+sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the dragon. Wiglaf stabs the
+dragon from underneath, and Beówulf cuts it in two with his dagger.
+Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the treasures
+from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf enters
+the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Beówulf, and receives
+his last commands. Beówulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches his
+companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of
+Beówulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his
+funeral.&mdash;H. Sweet, in Warton's <i>History of English Poetry</i>, Vol.
+II. (ed. 1871). Cf. also Ten Brink's <i>History of English
+Literature</i>.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="poem">
+<a name="poemtop"></a><h1>BEÓWULF.</h1>
+
+<div class="fitt">
+<div><a name="fittI"></a><h2>I. THE PASSING OF SCYLD.</h2></div>
+
+<a name="li1"></a><a class="nref" href="#note1">&#x2020;</a><div class="line">Hwät! we Gâr-Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in geâr-dagum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2"></a>&thorn;eód-cyninga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;rym gefrunon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3"></a>hû &thorn;â ä&eth;elingas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ellen fremedon.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note4">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li4"></a>Oft Scyld Scêfing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scea&eth;ena &thorn;reátum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li5">5</a><div class="line">monegum mæg&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;meodo-setla ofteáh.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note6">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li6"></a>Egsode eorl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an ærest wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li7"></a>feá-sceaft funden:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;äs frôfre gebâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li8"></a>weôx under wolcnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weor&eth;-myndum &eth;âh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li9"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät him æghwylc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra ymb-sittendra</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li10">10</a><div class="line">ofer hron-râde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hýran scolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li11"></a>gomban gyldan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs gôd cyning!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li12"></a>&thorn;äm eafera wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfter cenned</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li13"></a>geong in geardum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one god sende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li14"></a>folce tô frôfre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyren-&thorn;earfe ongeat,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note15">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li15">15</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät hie ær drugon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;aldor-<i>le</i>áse</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li16"></a>lange hwîle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him &thorn;äs lîf-freá,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li17"></a>wuldres wealdend,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worold-âre forgeaf;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note18">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li18"></a>Beówulf wäs breme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(blæd wîde sprang),</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note19">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li19"></a>Scyldes eafera&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Scede-landum in.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li20">20</a><div class="line">Swâ sceal <i>geong gu</i>ma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôde gewyrcean,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note21">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li21"></a>fromum feoh-giftum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on fäder <i>wi</i>ne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note22">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li22"></a>&thorn;ät hine on ylde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft gewunigen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li23"></a>wil-gesî&eth;as,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne wîg cume,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li24"></a>leóde gelæsten:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lof-dædum sceal</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li25">25</a><div class="line">in mæg&eth;a gehwære&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;man ge&thorn;eón.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note26">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li26"></a>Him &thorn;â Scyld gewât&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô gescäp-hwîle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li27"></a>fela-hrôr fêran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on freán wære;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note28">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li28"></a>hi hyne &thorn;â ätbæron&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô brimes faro&eth;e.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li29"></a>swæse gesî&eth;as,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he selfa bäd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li30">30</a><div class="line">&thorn;enden wordum weóld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine Scyldinga,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note31">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li31"></a>leóf land-fruma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lange âhte.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note32">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li32"></a>&THORN;ær ät hý&eth;e stôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringed-stefna,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li33"></a>îsig and ûtfûs,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;elinges fär;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note34">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li34"></a>â-lêdon &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófne &thorn;eóden,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note35">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li35">35</a><div class="line">beága bryttan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on bearm scipes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li36"></a>mærne be mäste.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær wäs mâdma fela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li37"></a>of feor-wegum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frätwa gelæded:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li38"></a>ne hýrde ic cymlîcor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ceól gegyrwan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li39"></a>hilde-wæpnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hea&eth;o-wædum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li40">40</a><div class="line">billum and byrnum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him on bearme läg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li41"></a>mâdma mänigo,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him mid scoldon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li42"></a>on flôdes æht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feor gewîtan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li43"></a>Nalas hi hine lässan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâcum teódan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li44"></a>&thorn;eód-gestreónum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne &thorn;â dydon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li45">45</a><div class="line">&thorn;e hine ät frumsceafte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth; onsendon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li46"></a>ænne ofer ý&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;umbor wesende:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li47"></a>&thorn;â gyt hie him âsetton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;segen <i>gy</i>ldenne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li48"></a>heáh ofer heáfod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lêton holm beran,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note49">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li49"></a>geâfon on gâr-secg:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him wäs geômor sefa,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li50">50</a><div class="line">murnende môd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Men ne cunnon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note51">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li51"></a>secgan tô so&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sele-rædende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li52"></a>häle&eth; under heofenum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwâ &thorn;äm hläste onfêng.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittII"></a><h2>II. THE HALL HEOROT.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note53">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li53"></a>&THORN;â wäs on burgum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf Scyldinga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li54"></a>leóf leód-cyning,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;longe &thorn;rage</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li55">55</a><div class="line">folcum gefræge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fäder ellor hwearf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li56"></a>aldor of earde),&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät him eft onwôc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li57"></a>heáh Healfdene;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heóld &thorn;enden lifde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note58">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li58"></a>gamol and gû&eth;-reów,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gläde Scyldingas.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li59"></a>&THORN;äm feówer bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth;-gerîmed</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note60">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li60">60</a><div class="line">in worold wôcun,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weoroda ræswan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li61"></a>Heorogâr and Hrô&eth;gâr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and Hâlga til;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note62">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li62"></a>hýrde ic, &thorn;at Elan cwên&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Ongen&thorn;eówes wäs</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li63"></a>Hea&eth;oscilfinges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heals-gebedde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li64"></a>&THORN;â wäs Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;here-spêd gyfen,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li65">65</a><div class="line">wîges weor&eth;-mynd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät him his wine-mâgas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li66"></a>georne hýrdon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät seó geogo&eth; geweôx,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li67"></a>mago-driht micel.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him on môd bearn,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note68">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li68"></a>&thorn;ät heal-reced&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâtan wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li69"></a>medo-ärn micel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;men gewyrcean,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note70">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li70">70</a><div class="line">&thorn;one yldo bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æfre gefrunon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li71"></a>and &thorn;ær on innan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eall gedælan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li72"></a>geongum and ealdum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylc him god sealde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note73">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li73"></a>bûton folc-scare&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and feorum gumena.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li74"></a>&THORN;â ic wîde gefrägn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorc gebannan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li75">75</a><div class="line">manigre mæg&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geond &thorn;isne middan-geard,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li76"></a>folc-stede frätwan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him on fyrste gelomp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li77"></a>ädre mid yldum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hit wear&eth; eal gearo,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note78">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li78"></a>heal-ärna mæst;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scôp him Heort naman,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li79"></a>se &thorn;e his wordes geweald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde häfde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li80">80</a><div class="line">He beót ne âlêh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beágas dælde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li81"></a>sinc ät symle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sele hlifade</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li82"></a>heáh and horn-geáp:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hea&eth;o-wylma bâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li83"></a>lâ&eth;an lîges;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne wäs hit lenge &thorn;â gen</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note84">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li84"></a>&thorn;ät se ecg-hete&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;â&eth;um-swerian</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li85">85</a><div class="line">äfter wäl-nî&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäcnan scolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li86"></a>&THORN;â se ellen-gæst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earfo&eth;lîce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li87"></a>&thorn;rage ge&thorn;olode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e in &thorn;ýstrum bâd,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note88">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li88"></a>&thorn;ät he dôgora gehwâm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dreám gehýrde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li89"></a>hlûdne in healle;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær wäs hearpan swêg,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note90">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li90">90</a><div class="line">swutol sang scôpes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sägde se &thorn;e cû&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li91"></a>frum-sceaft fira&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorran reccan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note92">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li92"></a>cwä&eth; &thorn;ät se älmihtiga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;an worh<i>te</i>,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li93"></a>wlite-beorhtne wang,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ wäter bebûge&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li94"></a>gesette sige-hrê&eth;ig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunnan and mônan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li95">95</a><div class="line">leóman tô leóhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;land-bûendum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li96"></a>and gefrätwade&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;foldan sceátas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li97"></a>leomum and leáfum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîf eác gesceôp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li98"></a>cynna gehwylcum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e cwice hwyrfa&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li99"></a>Swâ &thorn;â driht-guman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dreámum lifdon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note100">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li100">100</a><div class="line">eádiglîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät ân ongan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note101">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li101"></a>fyrene fremman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feónd on helle:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note102">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li102"></a>wäs se grimma gäst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendel hâten,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note103">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li103"></a>mære mearc-stapa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e môras heóld,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li104"></a>fen and fästen;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fîfel-cynnes eard</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li105">105</a><div class="line">won-sælig wer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weardode hwîle,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note106">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li106"></a>si&eth;&eth;an him scyppend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forscrifen häfde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li107"></a>In Caines cynne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one cwealm gewräc,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note108">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li108"></a>êce drihten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;e he Abel slôg;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li109"></a>ne gefeah he &thorn;ære fæh&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he hine feor forwräc,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li110">110</a><div class="line">metod for &thorn;ý mâne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;man-cynne fram.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li111"></a>&THORN;anon untydras&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle onwôcon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li112"></a>eotenas and ylfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and orcnêas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li113"></a>swylce gigantas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wi&eth; gode wunnon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li114"></a>lange &thorn;rage;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he him &thorn;äs leán forgeald.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittIII"></a><h2>III. GRENDEL'S VISITS.</h2>
+
+<a class="lineno" name="li115">115</a><div class="line">Gewât &thorn;â neósian,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an niht becom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li116"></a>heán hûses,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hû hit Hring-Dene</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li117"></a>äfter beór-&thorn;ege&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gebûn häfdon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li118"></a>Fand &thorn;â &thorn;ær inne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;elinga gedriht</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note119">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li119"></a>swefan äfter symble;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sorge ne cû&eth;on,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note120">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li120">120</a><div class="line">won-sceaft wera.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wiht unhælo</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li121"></a>grim and grædig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearo sôna wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li122"></a>reóc and rê&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on räste genam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li123"></a>&thorn;ritig &thorn;egna:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;anon eft gewât</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li124"></a>hû&eth;e hrêmig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hâm faran,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li125">125</a><div class="line">mid &thorn;ære wäl-fylle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîca neósan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li126"></a>&THORN;â wäs on uhtan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid ær-däge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li127"></a>Grendles gû&eth;-cräft&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gumum undyrne:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li128"></a>&thorn;â wäs äfter wiste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wôp up âhafen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li129"></a>micel morgen-swêg.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mære &thorn;eóden,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li130">130</a><div class="line">ä&eth;eling ær-gôd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unblî&eth;e sät,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note131">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li131"></a>&thorn;olode &thorn;rý&eth;-swý&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egn-sorge dreáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li132"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an hie &thorn;äs lâ&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâst sceáwedon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li133"></a>wergan gâstes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;ät gewin tô strang,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li134"></a>lâ&eth; and longsum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs hit lengra fyrst,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li135">135</a><div class="line">ac ymb âne niht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft gefremede</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li136"></a>mor&eth;-beala mâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and nô mearn fore</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li137"></a>fæh&eth;e and fyrene;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs tô fäst on &thorn;âm.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li138"></a>&THORN;â wäs eá&eth;-fynde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e him elles hwær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li139"></a>gerûmlîcor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;räste <i>sôhte</i>,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li140">140</a><div class="line">bed äfter bûrum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him gebeácnod wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li141"></a>gesägd sô&eth;lîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweotolan tâcne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note142">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li142"></a>heal-&thorn;egnes hete;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heóld hine sy&eth;&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li143"></a>fyr and fästor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;äm feónde ätwand.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note144">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li144"></a>Swâ rîxode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and wi&eth; rihte wan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li145">145</a><div class="line">âna wi&eth; eallum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät îdel stôd</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note146">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li146"></a>hûsa sêlest.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wäs seó hwîl micel:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li147"></a>twelf wintra tîd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;torn ge&thorn;olode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li148"></a>wine Scyldinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weána gehwelcne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note149">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li149"></a>sîdra sorga;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&thorn;am <i>sy&eth;&eth;an</i> wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li150">150</a><div class="line">ylda bearnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;undyrne cû&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li151"></a>gyddum geômore,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ätte Grendel wan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li152"></a>hwîle wi&eth; Hrô&eth;gâr;&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hete-nî&eth;as wäg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li153"></a>fyrene and fæh&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela missera,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note154">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li154"></a>singale säce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sibbe ne wolde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li155">155</a><div class="line">wi&eth; manna hwone&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägenes Deniga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li156"></a>feorh-bealo feorran,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feó &thorn;ingian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li157"></a>ne &thorn;ær nænig witena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wênan &thorn;orfte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li158"></a>beorhtre bôte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô banan folmum;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note159">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li159"></a><i>atol</i> äglæca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;êhtende wäs,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li160">160</a><div class="line">deorc deá&eth;-scûa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li161"></a>seomade and syrede.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sin-nihte heóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li162"></a>mistige môras;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;men ne cunnon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li163"></a>hwyder hel-rûnan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwyrftum scrî&eth;a&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li164"></a>Swâ fela fyrena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feónd man-cynnes,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li165">165</a><div class="line">atol ân-gengea,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft gefremede</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li166"></a>heardra hýn&eth;a;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heorot eardode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li167"></a>sinc-fâge sel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweartum nihtum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note168">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li168"></a>(nô he &thorn;one gif-stôl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grêtan môste,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note169">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li169"></a>mâ&eth;&eth;um for metode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne his myne wisse);</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li170">170</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät wäs wræc micel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine Scyldinga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li171"></a>môdes brec&eth;a.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Monig-oft gesät</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li172"></a>rîce tô rûne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ræd eahtedon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li173"></a>hwät swî&eth;-ferh&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêlest wære</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note174">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li174"></a>wi&eth; fær-gryrum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô gefremmanne.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note175">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li175">175</a><div class="line">Hwîlum hie gehêton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät härg-trafum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li176"></a>wig-weor&eth;unga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wordum bædon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note177">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li177"></a>&thorn;ät him gâst-bona&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geóce gefremede</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li178"></a>wi&eth; &thorn;eód-&thorn;reáum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swylc wäs &thorn;eáw hyra,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li179"></a>hæ&eth;enra hyht;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helle gemundon</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li180">180</a><div class="line">in môd-sefan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;metod hie ne cû&eth;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li181"></a>dæda dêmend,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne wiston hie drihten god,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li182"></a>ne hie hûru heofena helm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hêrian ne cû&eth;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li183"></a>wuldres waldend.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wâ bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li184"></a>&thorn;urh slî&eth;ne nî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâwle bescûfan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li185">185</a><div class="line">in fýres fä&eth;m,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frôfre ne wênan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li186"></a>wihte gewendan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wel bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e môt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li187"></a>äfter deá&eth;-däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;drihten sêcean</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li188"></a>and tô fäder fä&eth;mum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freo&eth;o wilnian.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittIV"></a><h2>IV. HYGELAC'S THANE.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note189">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li189"></a>Swâ &thorn;â mæl-ceare&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;maga Healfdenes</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note190">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li190">190</a><div class="line">singala seá&eth;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne mihte snotor häle&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li191"></a>weán onwendan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;ät gewin tô swý&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li192"></a>lâ&eth; and longsum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e on &thorn;â leóde becom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li193"></a>nýd-wracu nî&eth;-grim,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;niht-bealwa mæst.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note194">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li194"></a>&THORN;ät fram hâm gefrägn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâces &thorn;egn,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li195">195</a><div class="line">gôd mid Geátum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendles dæda:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li196"></a>se wäs mon-cynnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägenes strengest</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note197">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li197"></a>on &thorn;äm däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ysses lîfes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li198"></a>ä&eth;ele and eácen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hêt him ý&eth;-lidan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li199"></a>gôdne gegyrwan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cwä&eth; he gû&eth;-cyning</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note200">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li200">200</a><div class="line">ofer swan-râde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li201"></a>mærne &thorn;eóden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him wäs manna &thorn;earf.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li202"></a>&THORN;one sî&eth;-fät him&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snotere ceorlas</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note203">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li203"></a>lyt-hwôn lôgon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh he him leóf wære;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note204">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li204"></a>hwetton higerôfne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hæl sceáwedon.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li205">205</a><div class="line">Häfde se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóda</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li206"></a>cempan gecorone,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e he cênoste</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note207">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li207"></a>findan mihte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fîftena sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li208"></a>sund-wudu sôhte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secg wîsade,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li209"></a>lagu-cräftig mon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;land-gemyrcu.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li210">210</a><div class="line">Fyrst for&eth; gewât:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flota wäs on ý&eth;um,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li211"></a>bât under beorge.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beornas gearwe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li212"></a>on stefn stigon;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;streámas wundon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li213"></a>sund wi&eth; sande;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgas bæron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li214"></a>on bearm nacan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorhte frätwe,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li215">215</a><div class="line">gû&eth;-searo geatolîc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guman ût scufon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li216"></a>weras on wil-sî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wudu bundenne.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note217">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li217"></a>Gewât &thorn;â ofer wæg-holm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;winde gefýsed</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note218">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li218"></a>flota fâmig-heals&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fugle gelîcost,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note219">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li219"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät ymb ân-tîd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;res dôgores</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li220">220</a><div class="line">wunden-stefna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gewaden häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li221"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;â lî&eth;ende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;land gesâwon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li222"></a>brim-clifu blîcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorgas steápe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li223"></a>sîde sæ-nässas:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wäs sund liden,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note224">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li224"></a>eoletes ät ende.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;anon up hra&eth;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li225">225</a><div class="line">Wedera leóde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on wang stigon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li226"></a>sæ-wudu sældon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(syrcan hrysedon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li227"></a>gû&eth;-gewædo);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gode &thorn;ancedon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li228"></a>&thorn;äs &thorn;e him ý&eth;-lâde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eá&eth;e wurdon.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note229">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li229"></a>&THORN;â of wealle geseah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weard Scildinga,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li230">230</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e holm-clifu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;healdan scolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li231"></a>beran ofer bolcan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorhte randas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li232"></a>fyrd-searu fûslîcu;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hine fyrwyt bräc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li233"></a>môd-gehygdum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwät &thorn;â men wæron.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li234"></a>Gewât him &thorn;â tô waro&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wicge rîdan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li235">235</a><div class="line">&thorn;egn Hrô&eth;gâres,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;rymmum cwehte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li236"></a>mägen-wudu mundum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;me&eth;el-wordum frägn:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li237"></a>&quot;Hwät syndon ge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;searo-häbbendra</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li238"></a>&quot;byrnum werede,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e &thorn;us brontne ceól</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note239">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li239"></a>&quot;ofer lagu-stræte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lædan cwômon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note240">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li240">240</a><div class="line">&quot;hider ofer holmas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>helmas bæron</i>?</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li241"></a>&quot;Ic wäs ende-sæta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æg-wearde heóld,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li242"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät on land Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;ra nænig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li243"></a>&quot;mid scip-herge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sce&eth;&eth;an ne meahte.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li244"></a>&quot;Nô her cû&eth;lîcor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cuman ongunnon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note245">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li245">245</a><div class="line">&quot;lind-häbbende;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne ge leáfnes-word</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li246"></a>&quot;gû&eth;-fremmendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearwe ne wisson,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li247"></a>&quot;mâga gemêdu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Næfre ic mâran geseah</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li248"></a>&quot;eorla ofer eor&eth;an,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne is eówer sum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note249">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li249"></a>&quot;secg on searwum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nis &thorn;ät seld-guma</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note250">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li250">250</a><div class="line">&quot;wæpnum geweor&eth;ad,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näfne him his wlite leóge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li251"></a>&quot;ænlîc an-sýn.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu ic eówer sceal</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note252">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li252"></a>&quot;frum-cyn witan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær ge fyr heonan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note253">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li253"></a>&quot;leáse sceáweras&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on land Dena</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li254"></a>&quot;fur&eth;ur fêran.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu ge feor-bûend,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li255">255</a><div class="line">&quot;mere-lî&eth;ende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînne gehýra&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note256">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li256"></a>&quot;ân-fealdne ge&thorn;ôht:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ôfost is sêlest</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li257"></a>&quot;tô gecý&eth;anne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwanan eówre cyme syndon.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittV"></a><h2>V. THE ERRAND.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note258">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li258"></a>Him se yldesta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;andswarode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li259"></a>werodes wîsa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word-hord onleác:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li260">260</a><div class="line">&quot;We synt gum-cynnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li261"></a>&quot;and Higelâces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heor&eth;-geneátas.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li262"></a>&quot;Wäs mîn fäder&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folcum gecý&eth;ed,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li263"></a>&quot;ä&eth;ele ord-fruma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ecg&thorn;eów hâten;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li264"></a>&quot;gebâd wintra worn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær he on weg hwurfe,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li265">265</a><div class="line">&quot;gamol of geardum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hine gearwe geman</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li266"></a>&quot;witena wel-hwylc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde geond eor&eth;an.&mdash;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li267"></a>&quot;We &thorn;urh holdne hige&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlâford &thorn;inne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li268"></a>&quot;sunu Healfdenes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean cwômon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li269"></a>&quot;leód-gebyrgean:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wes &thorn;u ûs lârena gôd!</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li270">270</a><div class="line">&quot;Habba&eth; we tô &thorn;äm mæran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;micel ærende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li271"></a>&quot;Deniga freán;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne sceal &thorn;ær dyrne sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li272"></a>&quot;wesan, &thorn;äs ic wêne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;u wâst, gif hit is,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note273">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li273"></a>&quot;swâ we sô&eth;lice&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan hýrdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li274"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät mid Scyldingum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scea&eth;a ic nât hwylc,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note275">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li275">275</a><div class="line">&quot;deógol dæd-hata,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deorcum nihtum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li276"></a>&quot;eáwe&eth; &thorn;urh egsan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uncû&eth;ne nî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li277"></a>&quot;hýn&eth;u and hrâ-fyl.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;äs Hrô&eth;gâr mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li278"></a>&quot;&thorn;urh rûmne sefan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ræd gelæran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li279"></a>&quot;hû he frôd and gôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feónd oferswý&eth;e&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note280">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li280">280</a><div class="line">&quot;gyf him ed-wendan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æfre scolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li281"></a>&quot;bealuwa bisigu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bôt eft cuman</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li282"></a>&quot;and &thorn;â cear-wylmas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;côlran wur&eth;a&eth;;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li283"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e â sy&eth;&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earfo&eth;-&thorn;rage,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li284"></a>&quot;&thorn;reá-nýd &thorn;ola&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;enden &thorn;ær wuna&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li285">285</a><div class="line">&quot;on heáh-stede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hûsa sêlest.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li286"></a>Weard ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær on wicge sät</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note287">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li287"></a>ombeht unforht:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Æghwä&eth;res sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li288"></a>&quot;scearp scyld-wîga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gescâd witan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li289"></a>&quot;worda and worca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e wel &thorn;ence&eth;.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li290">290</a><div class="line">&quot;Ic &thorn;ät gehýre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;is is hold weorod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li291"></a>&quot;freán Scyldinga.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gewîta&eth; for&eth; beran</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note292">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li292"></a>&quot;wæpen and gewædu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic eów wîsige:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li293"></a>&quot;swylce ic magu-&thorn;egnas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne hâte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li294"></a>&quot;wi&eth; feónda gehwone&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flotan eówerne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li295">295</a><div class="line">&quot;niw-tyrwedne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nacan on sande</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li296"></a>&quot;ârum healdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät eft byre&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li297"></a>&quot;ofer lagu-streámas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófne mannan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li298"></a>&quot;wudu wunden-hals&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô Weder-mearce.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li299"></a>&quot;Gû&eth;-fremmendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylcum gife&eth;e bi&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li300">300</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;one hilde-ræs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâl gedîge&eth;.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li301"></a>Gewiton him &thorn;â fêran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(flota stille bâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li302"></a>seomode on sâle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sîd-fä&eth;med scyp,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note303">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li303"></a>on ancre fäst);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eofor-lîc scionon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note304">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li304"></a>ofer hleór-beran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gehroden golde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note305">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li305">305</a><div class="line">fâh and fýr-heard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ferh wearde heóld.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li306"></a>Gû&eth;môde grummon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guman onetton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li307"></a>sigon ätsomne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät hy säl timbred</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li308"></a>geatolîc and gold-fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ongytan mihton;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li309"></a>&thorn;ät wäs fore-mærost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fold-bûendum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li310">310</a><div class="line">receda under roderum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on &thorn;äm se rîca bâd;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note311">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li311"></a>lixte se leóma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer landa fela.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li312"></a>Him &thorn;â hilde-deór&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hof môdigra</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li313"></a>torht getæhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie him tô mihton</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li314"></a>gegnum gangan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-beorna sum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li315">315</a><div class="line">wicg gewende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word äfter cwä&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li316"></a>&quot;Mæl is me tô fêran;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäder alwalda</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li317"></a>&quot;mid âr-stafum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eówic gehealde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note318">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li318"></a>&quot;sî&eth;a gesunde!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic tô sæ wille,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li319"></a>&quot;wi&eth; wrâ&eth; werod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wearde healdan.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittVI"></a><h2>VI. BEÓWULF'S SPEECH.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note320">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li320">320</a><div class="line">Stræt wäs stân-fâh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stîg wîsode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li321"></a>gumum ätgädere.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gû&eth;-byrne scân</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note322">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li322"></a>heard hond-locen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-îren scîr</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li323"></a>song in searwum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hie tô sele fur&eth;um</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li324"></a>in hyra gryre-geatwum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gangan cwômon.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note325">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li325">325</a><div class="line">Setton sæ-mê&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sîde scyldas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li326"></a>rondas regn-hearde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth; &thorn;äs recedes weal,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li327"></a>bugon &thorn;â tô bence;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byrnan hringdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li328"></a>gû&eth;-searo gumena;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gâras stôdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li329"></a>sæ-manna searo,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;samod ätgädere,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li330">330</a><div class="line">äsc-holt ufan græg:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs se îren-&thorn;reát</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li331"></a>wæpnum gewur&eth;ad.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â &thorn;ær wlonc häle&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li332"></a>oret-mecgas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfter ä&eth;elum frägn:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note333">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li333"></a>&quot;Hwanon ferigea&eth; ge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fätte scyldas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li334"></a>&quot;græge syrcan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and grîm-helmas,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li335">335</a><div class="line">&quot;here-sceafta heáp?&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic eom Hrô&eth;gâres</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note336">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li336"></a>&quot;âr and ombiht.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne seah ic el-&thorn;eódige</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li337"></a>&quot;&thorn;us manige men&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;môdiglîcran.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note338">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li338"></a>&quot;Wên' ic &thorn;ät ge for wlenco,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles for wräc-sî&eth;um,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li339"></a>&quot;ac for hige-&thorn;rymmum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr sôhton.&quot;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li340">340</a><div class="line">Him &thorn;â ellen-rôf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;andswarode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li341"></a>wlanc Wedera leód&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word äfter spräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li342"></a>heard under helme:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;We synt Higelâces</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note343">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li343"></a>&quot;beód-geneátas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf is mîn nama.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note344">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li344"></a>&quot;Wille ic âsecgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;suna Healfdenes,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li345">345</a><div class="line">&quot;mærum &thorn;eódne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîn ærende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li346"></a>&quot;aldre &thorn;înum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif he ûs geunnan wile,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li347"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät we hine swâ gôdne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grêtan môton.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li348"></a>Wulfgâr ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(&thorn;ät wäs Wendla leód,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li349"></a>wäs his môd-sefa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manegum gecý&eth;ed,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li350">350</a><div class="line">wîg and wîs-dôm):&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;ic &thorn;äs wine Deniga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li351"></a>&quot;freán Scildinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frinan wille,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li352"></a>&quot;beága bryttan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;u bêna eart,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note353">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li353"></a>&quot;&thorn;eóden mærne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymb &thorn;înne sî&eth; ;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li354"></a>&quot;and &thorn;e &thorn;â andsware&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ädre gecý&eth;an,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li355">355</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;e me se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âgifan &thorn;ence&eth;.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li356"></a>Hwearf &thorn;â hrädlîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær Hrô&eth;gâr sät,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note357">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li357"></a>eald and unhâr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid his eorla gedriht;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note358">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li358"></a>eode ellen-rôf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he for eaxlum gestôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li359"></a>Deniga freán,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cû&eth;e he dugu&eth;e &thorn;eáw.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li360">360</a><div class="line">Wulfgâr ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô his wine-drihtne:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li361"></a>&quot;Her syndon geferede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorran cumene</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li362"></a>&quot;ofer geofenes begang&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li363"></a>&quot;&thorn;one yldestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oret-mecgas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li364"></a>&quot;Beówulf nemna&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hy bênan synt,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li365">365</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät hie, &thorn;eóden mîn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth; &thorn;e môton</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li366"></a>&quot;wordum wrixlan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;u him wearne geteóh,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note367">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li367"></a>&quot;&thorn;înra gegn-cwida&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;glädnian, Hrô&eth;gâr!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li368"></a>&quot;Hy on wîg-geatwum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyr&eth;e &thorn;incea&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note369">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li369"></a>&quot;eorla geæhtlan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hûru se aldor deáh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li370">370</a><div class="line">&quot;se &thorn;æm hea&eth;o-rincum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hider wîsade.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittVII"></a><h2>VII. HROTHGAR'S WELCOME.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li371"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm Scyldinga:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note372">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li372"></a>&quot;Ic hine cû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cniht-wesende.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note373">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li373"></a>&quot;Wäs his eald-fäder&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ecg&thorn;eó hâten,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li374"></a>&quot;&thorn;äm tô hâm forgeaf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrê&eth;el Geáta</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li375">375</a><div class="line">&quot;ângan dôhtor;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;is his eafora nu</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li376"></a>&quot;heard her cumen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sôhte holdne wine.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li377"></a>&quot;&thorn;onne sägdon &thorn;ät&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-lî&eth;ende,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note378">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li378"></a>&quot;&thorn;â &thorn;e gif-sceattas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta fyredon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li379"></a>&quot;&thorn;yder tô &thorn;ance,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he &thorn;rittiges</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note380">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li380">380</a><div class="line">&quot;manna mägen-cräft&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on his mund-grîpe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li381"></a>&quot;hea&eth;o-rôf häbbe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hine hâlig god</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li382"></a>&quot;for âr-stafum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;us onsende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li383"></a>&quot;tô West-Denum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs ic wên häbbe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li384"></a>&quot;wi&eth; Grendles gryre:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;äm gôdan sceal</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li385">385</a><div class="line">&quot;for his môd-&thorn;räce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâdmas beódan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note386">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li386"></a>&quot;Beó &thorn;u on ôfeste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hât <i>hig</i> in gân,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note387">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li387"></a>&quot;seón sibbe-gedriht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;samod ätgädere;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li388"></a>&quot;gesaga him eác wordum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie sint wil-cuman</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li389"></a>&quot;Deniga leódum.&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â <i>wi&eth; duru healle</i></div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li390">390</a><div class="line"><i>Wulfgâr eode</i>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word inne âbeád:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li391"></a>&quot;Eów hêt secgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sige-drihten mîn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li392"></a>&quot;aldor Eást-Dena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he eówer ä&eth;elu can</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li393"></a>&quot;and ge him syndon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer sæ-wylmas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li394"></a>&quot;heard-hicgende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hider wil-cuman.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li395">395</a><div class="line">&quot;Nu ge môton gangan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in eówrum gu&eth;-geatawum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li396"></a>&quot;under here-grîman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr geseón;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li397"></a>&quot;læta&eth; hilde-bord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;her onbidian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li398"></a>&quot;wudu wäl-sceaftas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worda ge&thorn;inges.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li399"></a>Ârâs &thorn;â se rîca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymb hine rinc manig,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li400">400</a><div class="line">&thorn;ry&eth;lîc &thorn;egna heáp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sume &thorn;ær bidon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li401"></a>hea&eth;o-reáf heóldon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him se hearda bebeád.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li402"></a>Snyredon ätsomne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â secg wîsode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li403"></a>under Heorotes hrôf;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>hyge-rôf eode</i>,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note404">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li404"></a>heard under helme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he on heo&eth;e gestôd.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note405">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li405">405</a><div class="line">Beówulf ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(on him byrne scân,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li406"></a>searo-net seówed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;smi&eth;es or-&thorn;ancum):</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note407">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li407"></a>&quot;Wes &thorn;u Hrô&eth;gâr hâl!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic eom Higelâces</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li408"></a>&quot;mæg and mago-&thorn;egn;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;häbbe ic mær&eth;a fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li409"></a>&quot;ongunnen on geogo&eth;e.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Me wear&eth; Grendles &thorn;ing</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li410">410</a><div class="line">&quot;on mînre ê&eth;el-tyrf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;undyrne cû&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li411"></a>&quot;secga&eth; sæ-lî&eth;end,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;es sele stande,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li412"></a>&quot;reced sêlesta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rinca gehwylcum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li413"></a>&quot;îdel and unnyt,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an æfen-leóht</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note414">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li414"></a>&quot;under heofenes hâdor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beholen weor&eth;e&eth;.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li415">415</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;â me &thorn;ät gelærdon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóde mîne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li416"></a>&quot;&thorn;â sêlestan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snotere ceorlas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li417"></a>&quot;&thorn;eóden Hrô&eth;gâr,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic &thorn;e sôhte;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li418"></a>&quot;for&thorn;an hie mägenes cräft&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînne cû&eth;on:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li419"></a>&quot;selfe ofersâwon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â ic of searwum cwom,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note420">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li420">420</a><div class="line">&quot;fâh from feóndum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær ic fîfe geband,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li421"></a>&quot;ý&eth;de eotena cyn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on ý&eth;um slôg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li422"></a>&quot;niceras nihtes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nearo-&thorn;earfe dreáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li423"></a>&quot;wräc Wedera nî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(weán âhsodon)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li424"></a>&quot;forgrand gramum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and nu wi&eth; Grendel sceal,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note425">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li425">425</a><div class="line">&quot;wi&eth; &thorn;am aglæcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âna gehegan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li426"></a>&quot;&thorn;ing wi&eth; &thorn;yrse.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;e nu &thorn;â,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li427"></a>&quot;brego Beorht-Dena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;biddan wille,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li428"></a>&quot;eodor Scyldinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânre bêne;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li429"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;u me ne forwyrne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgendra hleó,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li430">430</a><div class="line">&quot;freó-wine folca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu ic &thorn;us feorran com,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li431"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic môte âna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and mînra eorla gedryht,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li432"></a>&quot;&thorn;es hearda heáp,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heorot fælsian.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li433"></a>&quot;Häbbe ic eác geâhsod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se äglæca</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li434"></a>&quot;for his won-hýdum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wæpna ne rêce&eth;;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li435">435</a><div class="line">&quot;ic &thorn;ät &thorn;onne forhicge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ me Higelâc sîe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li436"></a>&quot;mîn mon-drihten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;môdes blî&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li437"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic sweord bere&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e sîdne scyld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li438"></a>&quot;geolo-rand tô gû&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac ic mid grâpe sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li439"></a>&quot;fôn wi&eth; feónde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and ymb feorh sacan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li440">440</a><div class="line">&quot;lâ&eth; wi&eth; lâ&eth;um;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær gelýfan sceal</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note441">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li441"></a>&quot;dryhtnes dôme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e hine deá&eth; nime&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li442"></a>&quot;Wên' ic &thorn;ät he wille,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif he wealdan môt,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note443">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li443"></a>&quot;in &thorn;äm gû&eth;-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geátena leóde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note444">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li444"></a>&quot;etan unforhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he oft dyde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li445">445</a><div class="line">&quot;mägen Hrê&eth;manna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nâ &thorn;u mînne &thorn;earft</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note446">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li446"></a>&quot;hafalan hýdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he me habban wile</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note447">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li447"></a>&quot;dreóre fâhne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif mec deá&eth; nime&eth;;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li448"></a>&quot;byre&eth; blôdig wäl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byrgean &thorn;ence&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li449"></a>&quot;ete&eth; ân-genga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unmurnlîce,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li450">450</a><div class="line">&quot;mearca&eth; môr-hopu:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;u ymb mînes ne &thorn;earft</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note451">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li451"></a>&quot;lîces feorme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leng sorgian.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note452">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li452"></a>&quot;Onsend Higelâce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif mec hild nime,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li453"></a>&quot;beadu-scrûda betst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät mîne breóst were&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li454"></a>&quot;hrägla sêlest;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät is Hrê&eth;lan lâf,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note455">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li455">455</a><div class="line">&quot;Wêlandes geweorc.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gæ&eth; â Wyrd swâ hió scel!&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittVIII"></a><h2>VIII. HROTHGAR TELLS OF GRENDEL.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li456"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm Scyldinga:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note457">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li457"></a>&quot;for <i>were</i>-fyhtum &thorn;u,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine mîn Beówulf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li458"></a>&quot;and for âr-stafum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ûsic sôhtest.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li459"></a>&quot;Geslôh &thorn;in fäder&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;e mæste,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li460">460</a><div class="line">&quot;wear&eth; he Hea&eth;olâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hand-bonan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li461"></a>&quot;mid Wilfingum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hine Wedera cyn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li462"></a>&quot;for here-brôgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;habban ne mihte.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li463"></a>&quot;&THORN;anon he gesôhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sû&eth;-Dena folc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li464"></a>&quot;ofer ý&eth;a gewealc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Âr-Scyldinga;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li465">465</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;â ic fur&eth;um weóld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folce Deninga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li466"></a>&quot;and on geogo&eth;e heóld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gimme-rîce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li467"></a>&quot;hord-burh häle&eth;a:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wäs Heregâr deád,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li468"></a>&quot;mîn yldra mæg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unlifigende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li469"></a>&quot;bearn Healfdenes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Se wäs betera &thorn;onne ic!</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li470">470</a><div class="line">&quot;Si&eth;&eth;an &thorn;â fæh&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feó &thorn;ingode;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li471"></a>&quot;sende ic Wylfingum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer wäteres hrycg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li472"></a>&quot;ealde mâdmas:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he me â&eth;as swôr.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li473"></a>&quot;Sorh is me tô secganne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sefan mînum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li474"></a>&quot;gumena ængum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwät me Grendel hafa&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li475">475</a><div class="line">&quot;hýn&eth;o on Heorote&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid his hete-&thorn;ancum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li476"></a>&quot;fær-nî&eth;a gefremed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Is mîn flet-werod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li477"></a>&quot;wîg-heáp gewanod;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hie Wyrd forsweóp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li478"></a>&quot;on Grendles gryre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;God eá&eth;e mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li479"></a>&quot;&thorn;one dol-sca&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dæda getwæfan!</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note480">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li480">480</a><div class="line">&quot;Ful oft gebeótedon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beóre druncne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li481"></a>&quot;ofer ealo-wæge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oret-mecgas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li482"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät hie in beór-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bîdan woldon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li483"></a>&quot;Grendles gû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid gryrum ecga.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li484"></a>&quot;&THORN;onne wäs &thorn;eós medo-heal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on morgen-tîd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li485">485</a><div class="line">&quot;driht-sele dreór-fâh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne däg lixte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li486"></a>&quot;eal benc-&thorn;elu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blôde bestýmed,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li487"></a>&quot;heall heoru-dreóre:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âhte ic holdra &thorn;ý läs,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note488">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li488"></a>&quot;deórre dugu&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e &thorn;â deá&eth; fornam.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note489">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li489"></a>&quot;Site nu tô symle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and onsæl meoto,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li490">490</a><div class="line">&quot;sige-hrê&eth; secgum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;în sefa hwette!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li491"></a>&THORN;â wäs Geát-mäcgum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geador ätsomne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li492"></a>on beór-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;benc gerýmed;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li493"></a>&thorn;ær swî&eth;-ferh&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sittan eodon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note494">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li494"></a>&thorn;ry&eth;um dealle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;egn nytte beheóld,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li495">495</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e on handa bär&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hroden ealo-wæge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li496"></a>scencte scîr wered.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Scôp hwîlum sang</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li497"></a>hâdor on Heorote;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær wäs häle&eth;a dreám,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li498"></a>dugu&eth; unlytel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dena and Wedera.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittIX"></a><h2>IX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BEÓWULF.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note499">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li499"></a>Ûnfer&eth; ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ecglâfes bearn,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li500">500</a><div class="line">&thorn;e ät fôtum sät&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán Scyldinga;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note501">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li501"></a>onband beadu-rûne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(wäs him Beówulfes sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li502"></a>môdges mere-faran,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;micel äf-&thorn;unca,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li503"></a>for&thorn;on &thorn;e he ne û&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ænig ô&eth;er man</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note504">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li504"></a>æfre mær&eth;a &thorn;on mâ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;middan-geardes</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li505">505</a><div class="line">gehêdde under heofenum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he sylfa):</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note506">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li506"></a>&quot;Eart &thorn;u se Beówulf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e wi&eth; Brecan wunne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li507"></a>&quot;on sîdne sæ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymb sund flite,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li508"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær git for wlence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wada cunnedon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note509">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li509"></a>&quot;and for dol-gilpe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on deóp wäter</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li510">510</a><div class="line">&quot;aldrum nê&eth;don?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne inc ænig mon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li511"></a>&quot;ne leóf ne lâ&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beleán mihte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li512"></a>&quot;sorh-fullne sî&eth;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â git on sund reón,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note513">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li513"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær git eágor-streám&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earmum &thorn;ehton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li514"></a>&quot;mæton mere-stræta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mundum brugdon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li515">515</a><div class="line">&quot;glidon ofer gâr-secg;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geofon ý&eth;um weól,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li516"></a>&quot;wintres wylme.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Git on wäteres æht</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li517"></a>&quot;seofon niht swuncon;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;e ät sunde oferflât,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li518"></a>&quot;häfde mâre mägen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â hine on morgen-tîd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li519"></a>&quot;on Hea&eth;o-ræmas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holm up ätbär,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li520">520</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;onon he gesôhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swæsne ê&eth;el</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li521"></a>&quot;leóf his leódum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lond Brondinga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li522"></a>&quot;freo&eth;o-burh fägere,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he folc âhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li523"></a>&quot;burg and beágas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beót eal wi&eth; &thorn;e</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note524">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li524"></a>&quot;sunu Beánstânes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sô&eth;e gelæste.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note525">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li525">525</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;onne wêne ic tô &thorn;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrsan ge&thorn;inges,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li526"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;u hea&eth;o-ræsa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gehwær dohte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li527"></a>&quot;grimre gû&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif &thorn;u Grendles dearst</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li528"></a>&quot;niht-longne fyrst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neán bîdan!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li529"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li530">530</a><div class="line">&quot;Hwät &thorn;u worn fela,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine mîn Ûnfer&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li531"></a>&quot;beóre druncen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymb Brecan spræce,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li532"></a>&quot;sägdest from his sî&eth;e!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sô&eth; ic talige,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li533"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic mere-strengo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâran âhte,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note534">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li534"></a>&quot;earfe&eth;o on ý&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne ænig ô&eth;er man.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li535">535</a><div class="line">&quot;Wit &thorn;ät gecwædon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cniht-wesende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li536"></a>&quot;and gebeótedon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(wæron begen &thorn;â git</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li537"></a>&quot;on geogo&eth;-feore)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wit on gâr-secg ût</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li538"></a>&quot;aldrum nê&eth;don;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ät geäfndon swâ.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li539"></a>&quot;Häfdon swurd nacod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wit on sund reón,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li540">540</a><div class="line">&quot;heard on handa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wit unc wi&eth; hron-fixas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li541"></a>&quot;werian &thorn;ôhton.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô he wiht fram me</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li542"></a>&quot;flôd-ý&eth;um feor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fleótan meahte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li543"></a>&quot;hra&eth;or on holme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô ic fram him wolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li544"></a>&quot;&THORN;â wit ätsomne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sæ wæron</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note545">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li545">545</a><div class="line">&quot;fîf nihta fyrst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät unc flôd tôdrâf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li546"></a>&quot;wado weallende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wedera cealdost,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li547"></a>&quot;nîpende niht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and nor&eth;an wind</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li548"></a>&quot;hea&eth;o-grim andhwearf;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hreó wæron ý&eth;a,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li549"></a>&quot;Wäs mere-fixa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;môd onhrêred:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li550">550</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ær me wi&eth; lâ&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîc-syrce mîn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li551"></a>&quot;heard hond-locen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helpe gefremede;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li552"></a>&quot;beado-hrägl broden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on breóstum läg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li553"></a>&quot;golde gegyrwed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Me tô grunde teáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li554"></a>&quot;fâh feónd-sca&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäste häfde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li555">555</a><div class="line">&quot;grim on grâpe:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwä&eth;re me gyfe&eth;e wear&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li556"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic aglæcan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;orde geræhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li557"></a>&quot;hilde-bille;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hea&eth;o-ræs fornam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li558"></a>&quot;mihtig mere-deór&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;urh mîne hand.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittX"></a><h2>X. BEÓWULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.&mdash;THE FEAST.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li559"></a>&quot;Swâ mec gelôme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;-geteónan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li560">560</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;reátedon &thorn;earle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic him &thorn;ênode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li561"></a>&quot;deóran sweorde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hit gedêfe wäs;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li562"></a>&quot;näs hie &thorn;ære fylle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gefeán häfdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li563"></a>&quot;mân-fordædlan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie me &thorn;êgon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li564"></a>&quot;symbel ymb-sæton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-grunde neáh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li565">565</a><div class="line">&quot;ac on mergenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mêcum wunde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li566"></a>&quot;be ý&eth;-lâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uppe lægon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li567"></a>&quot;sweordum âswefede,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät sy&eth;&eth;an nâ</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li568"></a>&quot;ymb brontne ford&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brim-lî&eth;ende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li569"></a>&quot;lâde ne letton.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Leóht eástan com,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li570">570</a><div class="line">&quot;beorht beácen godes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brimu swa&eth;redon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li571"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic sæ-nässas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón mihte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li572"></a>&quot;windige weallas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wyrd oft nere&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li573"></a>&quot;unfægne eorl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&eth;onne his ellen deáh!</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note574">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li574"></a>&quot;Hwä&eth;ere me gesælde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic mid sweorde ofslôh</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li575">575</a><div class="line">&quot;niceras nigene.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô ic on niht gefrägn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li576"></a>&quot;under heofones hwealf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heardran feohtan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li577"></a>&quot;ne on êg-streámum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earmran mannan;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li578"></a>&quot;hwä&eth;ere ic fâra feng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feore gedîgde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li579"></a>&quot;si&eth;es wêrig.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â mec sæ ô&eth;bär,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li580">580</a><div class="line">&quot;flôd äfter faro&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on Finna land,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li581"></a>&quot;wadu weallendu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô ic wiht fram &thorn;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li582"></a>&quot;swylcra searo-nî&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan hýrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li583"></a>&quot;billa brôgan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Breca næfre git</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li584"></a>&quot;ät hea&eth;o-lâce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne gehwä&eth;er incer</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li585">585</a><div class="line">&quot;swâ deórlîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dæd gefremede</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note586">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li586"></a>&quot;fâgum sweordum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. . . . . . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li587"></a>&quot;. . . . . . .&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô ic &thorn;äs gylpe;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li588"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;u &thorn;înum brô&eth;rum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô banan wurde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li589"></a>&quot;heáfod-mægum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;u in helle scealt</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li590">590</a><div class="line">&quot;werh&eth;o dreógan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;în wit duge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li591"></a>&quot;Secge ic &thorn;e tô sô&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ecglâfes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li592"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät næfre Grendel swâ fela&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gryra gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li593"></a>&quot;atol äglæca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre &thorn;înum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li594"></a>&quot;hýn&eth;o on Heorote,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif &thorn;în hige wære,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li595">595</a><div class="line">&quot;sefa swâ searo-grim,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;u self talast.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li596"></a>&quot;Ac he hafa&eth; onfunden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he &thorn;â fæh&eth;e ne &thorn;earf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li597"></a>&quot;atole ecg-&thorn;räce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eówer leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li598"></a>&quot;swî&eth;e onsittan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sige-Scyldinga;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note599">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li599"></a>&quot;nyme&eth; nýd-bâde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nænegum âra&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li600">600</a><div class="line">&quot;leóde Deniga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he <i>on</i> lust wîge&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note601">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li601"></a>&quot;swefe&eth; ond sende&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secce ne wêne&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li602"></a>&quot;tô Gâr-Denum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ac him Geáta sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li603"></a>&quot;eafo&eth; and ellen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ungeâra nu</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li604"></a>&quot;gû&eth;e gebeódan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gæ&eth; eft se &thorn;e môt</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li605">605</a><div class="line">&quot;tô medo môdig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an morgen-leóht</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li606"></a>&quot;ofer ylda bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;res dôgores,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li607"></a>&quot;sunne swegl-wered&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sû&eth;an scîne&eth;!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li608"></a>&THORN;â wäs on sâlum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sinces brytta</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li609"></a>gamol-feax and gû&eth;-rôf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geóce gelýfde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li610">610</a><div class="line">brego Beorht-Dena;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gehýrde on Beówulfe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li611"></a>folces hyrde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäst-rædne ge&thorn;ôht.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note612">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li612"></a>&THORN;ær wäs häle&eth;a hleahtor;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlyn swynsode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li613"></a>word wæron wynsume.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eode Wealh&thorn;eów for&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li614"></a>cwên Hrô&eth;gâres,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cynna gemyndig,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li615">615</a><div class="line">grêtte gold-hroden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guman on healle,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li616"></a>and &thorn;â freólîc wîf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ful gesealde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li617"></a>ærest Eást-Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ê&eth;el-wearde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li618"></a>bäd hine blî&eth;ne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät &thorn;ære beór-&thorn;ege,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li619"></a>leódum leófne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he on lust ge&thorn;eah</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note620">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li620">620</a><div class="line">symbel and sele-ful,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sige-rôf kyning.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li621"></a>Ymb-eode &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ides Helminga</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note622">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li622"></a>dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dæl æghwylcne;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note623">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li623"></a>sinc-fato sealde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät sæl âlamp,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li624"></a>&thorn;ät hió Beówulfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beág-hroden cwên,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li625">625</a><div class="line">môde ge&thorn;ungen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;medo-ful ätbär;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li626"></a>grêtte Geáta leód,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gode &thorn;ancode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li627"></a>wîs-fäst wordum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;e hire se willa gelamp,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li628"></a>&thorn;ät heó on ænigne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorl gelýfde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li629"></a>fyrena frôfre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He &thorn;ät ful ge&thorn;eah,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li630">630</a><div class="line">wäl-reów wîga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät Wealh&thorn;eón,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note631">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li631"></a>and &thorn;â gyddode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;e gefýsed,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li632"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li633"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;ät hogode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â ic on holm gestâh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li634"></a>&quot;sæ-bât gesät&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid mînra secga gedriht,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li635">635</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät ic ânunga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eówra leóda</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li636"></a>&quot;willan geworhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e on wäl crunge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li637"></a>&quot;feónd-grâpum fäst.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic gefremman sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li638"></a>&quot;eorlîc ellen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e ende-däg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li639"></a>&quot;on &thorn;isse meodu-healle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînne gebîdan.&quot;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li640">640</a><div class="line">&THORN;am wîfe &thorn;â word&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wel lîcodon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li641"></a>gilp-cwide Geátes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eode gold-hroden</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li642"></a>freólîcu folc-cwên&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hire freán sittan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li643"></a>&THORN;â wäs eft swâ ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inne on healle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li644"></a>&thorn;ry&eth;-word sprecen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eód on sælum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li645">645</a><div class="line">sige-folca swêg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät semninga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li646"></a>sunu Healfdenes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean wolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li647"></a>æfen-räste;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiste <i>ät</i> &thorn;äm ahlæcan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note648">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li648"></a>tô &thorn;äm heáh-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde ge&thorn;inged,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li649"></a>si&eth;&eth;an hie sunnan leóht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón <i>ne</i> meahton,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note650">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li650">650</a><div class="line">o&eth;&eth;e nîpende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;niht ofer ealle,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note651">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li651"></a>scadu-helma gesceapu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scrî&eth;an cwôman,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li652"></a>wan under wolcnum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Werod eall ârâs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li653"></a>Grêtte &thorn;â <i>giddum</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guma ô&eth;erne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li654"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr Beówulf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and him hæl âbeád,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li655">655</a><div class="line">wîn-ärnes geweald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ät word âcwä&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li656"></a>&quot;Næfre ic ænegum men&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær âlýfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li657"></a>&quot;si&eth;&eth;an ic hond and rond&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hebban mihte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li658"></a>&quot;&thorn;ry&eth;-ärn Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bûton &thorn;e nu &thorn;â.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note659">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li659"></a>&quot;Hafa nu and geheald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hûsa sêlest;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li660">660</a><div class="line">&quot;gemyne mær&eth;o,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägen-ellen cý&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li661"></a>&quot;waca wi&eth; wrâ&eth;um!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne bi&eth; &thorn;e wilna gâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li662"></a>&quot;gif &thorn;u &thorn;ät ellen-weorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;aldre gedîgest.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXI"></a><h2>XI. THE WATCH FOR GRENDEL.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li663"></a>&THORN;â him Hrô&eth;gâr gewât&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid his häle&eth;a gedryht,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li664"></a>eodur Scyldinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ût of healle;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li665">665</a><div class="line">wolde wîg-fruma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wealh&thorn;eó sêcan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li666"></a>cwên tô gebeddan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Häfde kyninga wuldor</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li667"></a>Grendle tô-geánes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ guman gefrungon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li668"></a>sele-weard âseted,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sundor-nytte beheóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li669"></a>ymb aldor Dena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eoton weard âbeád;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li670">670</a><div class="line">hûru Geáta leód&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;georne trûwode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li671"></a>môdgan mägnes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;metodes hyldo.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li672"></a>&THORN;â he him of dyde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îsern-byrnan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li673"></a>helm of hafelan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sealde his hyrsted sweord,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li674"></a>îrena cyst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ombiht-&thorn;egne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li675">675</a><div class="line">and gehealdan hêt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-geatwe.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li676"></a>Gespräc &thorn;â se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gylp-worda sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li677"></a>Beówulf Geáta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær he on bed stige:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li678"></a>&quot;Nô ic me an here-wæsmum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hnâgran talige</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li679"></a>&quot;gû&eth;-geweorca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne Grendel hine;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li680">680</a><div class="line">&quot;for&thorn;an ic hine sweorde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swebban nelle,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note681">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li681"></a>&quot;aldre beneótan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh ic eal mæge.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note682">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li682"></a>&quot;Nât he &thorn;âra gôda,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he me on-geán sleá,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li683"></a>&quot;rand geheáwe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he rôf sîe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li684"></a>&quot;nî&eth;-geweorca;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac wit on niht sculon</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li685">685</a><div class="line">&quot;secge ofersittan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif he gesêcean dear</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li686"></a>&quot;wîg ofer wæpen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and si&eth;&eth;an witig god</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li687"></a>&quot;on swâ hwä&eth;ere hond&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâlig dryhten</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li688"></a>&quot;mær&eth;o dême,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him gemet &thorn;ince.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li689"></a>Hylde hine &thorn;â hea&eth;o-deór,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hleór-bolster onfêng</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li690">690</a><div class="line">eorles andwlitan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hine ymb monig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li691"></a>snellîc sæ-rinc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sele-reste gebeáh.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li692"></a>Nænig heora &thorn;ôhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he &thorn;anon scolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li693"></a>eft eard-lufan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æfre gesêcean,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li694"></a>folc o&eth;&eth;e freó-burh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he âfêded wäs,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note695">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li695">695</a><div class="line">ac hie häfdon gefrunen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie ær tô fela micles</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li696"></a>in &thorn;äm wîn-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-deá&eth; fornam,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li697"></a>Denigea leóde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ac him dryhten forgeaf</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note698">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li698"></a>wîg-spêda gewiofu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wedera leódum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li699"></a>frôfor and fultum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie feónd heora</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li700">700</a><div class="line">&thorn;urh ânes cräft&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle ofercômon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li701"></a>selfes mihtum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sô&eth; is gecý&eth;ed,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li702"></a>&thorn;ät mihtig god&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynnes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li703"></a>weóld wîde-ferh&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Com on wanre niht</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li704"></a>scrî&eth;an sceadu-genga.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sceótend swæfon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li705">705</a><div class="line">&thorn;â &thorn;ät horn-reced&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;healdan scoldon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li706"></a>ealle bûton ânum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät wäs yldum cû&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li707"></a>&thorn;ät hie ne môste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â metod nolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li708"></a>se syn-sca&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under sceadu bregdan;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li709"></a>ac he wäccende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wrâ&eth;um on andan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li710">710</a><div class="line">bâd bolgen-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beadwa ge&thorn;inges.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXII"></a><h2>XII. GRENDEL'S RAID.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note711">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li711"></a>&THORN;â com of môre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under mist-hleo&eth;um</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li712"></a>Grendel gongan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;godes yrre bär.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li713"></a>Mynte se mân-sca&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynnes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li714"></a>sumne besyrwan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in sele &thorn;am heán;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li715">715</a><div class="line">wôd under wolcnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e he wîn-reced,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li716"></a>gold-sele gumena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearwost wisse</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note717">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li717"></a>fättum fâhne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wäs &thorn;ät forma sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li718"></a>&thorn;ät he Hrô&eth;gâres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâm gesôhte:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li719"></a>næfre he on aldor-dagum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær ne si&eth;&eth;an</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note720">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li720">720</a><div class="line">heardran häle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heal-&thorn;egnas fand!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li721"></a>Com &thorn;â tô recede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rinc sî&eth;ian</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li722"></a>dreámum bedæled.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Duru sôna onarn</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note723">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li723"></a>fýr-bendum fäst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an he hire folmum hrân;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li724"></a>onbräd &thorn;â bealo-hydig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â <i>he</i> âbolgen wäs,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li725">725</a><div class="line">recedes mû&eth;an.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ra&eth;e äfter &thorn;on</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li726"></a>on fâgne flôr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feónd treddode,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note727">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li727"></a>eode yrre-môd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him of eágum stôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li728"></a>lîge gelîcost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóht unfäger.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li729"></a>Geseah he in recede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rinca manige,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li730">730</a><div class="line">swefan sibbe-gedriht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;samod ätgädere,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li731"></a>mago-rinca heáp:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â his môd âhlôg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li732"></a>mynte &thorn;ät he gedælde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær &thorn;on däg cwôme,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li733"></a>atol aglæca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânra gehwylces</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li734"></a>lîf wi&eth; lîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him âlumpen wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li735">735</a><div class="line">wist-fylle wên.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wäs &thorn;ät wyrd &thorn;â gen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li736"></a>&thorn;ät he mâ môste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynnes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li737"></a>&thorn;icgean ofer &thorn;â niht.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;rý&eth;-swý&eth; beheóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li738"></a>mæg Higelâces,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hû se mân-sca&eth;a</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li739"></a>under fær-gripum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gefaran wolde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li740">740</a><div class="line">Ne &thorn;ät se aglæca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;yldan &thorn;ôhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li741"></a>ac he gefêng hra&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forman si&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li742"></a>slæpendne rinc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;slât unwearnum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li743"></a>bât bân-locan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blôd êdrum dranc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li744"></a>syn-snædum swealh:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sôna häfde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li745">745</a><div class="line">unlyfigendes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eal gefeormod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li746"></a>fêt and folma.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For&eth; neár ätstôp,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li747"></a>nam &thorn;â mid handa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hige-&thorn;ihtigne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li748"></a>rinc on räste;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ræhte ongeán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li749"></a>feónd mid folme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he onfêng hra&eth;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li750">750</a><div class="line">inwit-&thorn;ancum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and wi&eth; earm gesät.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li751"></a>Sôna &thorn;ät onfunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrena hyrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li752"></a>&thorn;ät he ne mêtte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;middan-geardes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li753"></a>eor&eth;an sceáta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on elran men</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li754"></a>mund-gripe mâran:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he on môde wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li755">755</a><div class="line">forht on ferh&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;ý ær fram meahte;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li756"></a>hyge wäs him hin-fûs,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde on heolster fleón,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note757">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li757"></a>sêcan deófla gedräg:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne wäs his drohto&eth; &thorn;ær,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li758"></a>swylce he on ealder-dagum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær gemêtte.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note759">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li759"></a>Gemunde &thorn;â se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæg Higelâces</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li760">760</a><div class="line">æfen-spræce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;up-lang âstôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li761"></a>and him fäste wi&eth;fêng.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fingras burston;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note762">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li762"></a>eoten wäs ût-weard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorl fur&eth;ur stôp.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li763"></a>Mynte se mæra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he meahte swâ,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li764"></a>wîdre gewindan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on weg &thorn;anon</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li765">765</a><div class="line">fleón on fen-hopu;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiste his fingra geweald</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li766"></a>on grames grâpum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät wäs geócor sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li767"></a>&thorn;ät se hearm-sca&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô Heorute âteáh:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li768"></a>dryht-sele dynede,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denum eallum wear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note769">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li769"></a>ceaster-bûendum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cênra gehwylcum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note770">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li770">770</a><div class="line">eorlum ealu-scerwen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yrre wæron begen,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note771">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li771"></a>rê&eth;e rên-weardas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reced hlynsode;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li772"></a>&thorn;â wäs wundor micel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se wîn-sele</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li773"></a>wi&eth;häfde hea&eth;o-deórum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he on hrusan ne feól,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li774"></a>fäger fold-bold;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he &thorn;äs fäste wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li775">775</a><div class="line">innan and ûtan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îren-bendum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li776"></a>searo-&thorn;oncum besmi&eth;od.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær fram sylle âbeág</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li777"></a>medu-benc monig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gefræge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li778"></a>golde geregnad,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær &thorn;â graman wunnon;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li779"></a>&thorn;äs ne wêndon ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;witan Scyldinga,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li780">780</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät hit â mid gemete&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna ænig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li781"></a>betlîc and bân-fâg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tôbrecan meahte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li782"></a>listum tôlûcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nym&eth;e lîges fä&eth;m</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li783"></a>swulge on swa&eth;ule.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swêg up âstâg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li784"></a>niwe geneahhe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nor&eth;-Denum stôd</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li785">785</a><div class="line">atelîc egesa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânra gehwylcum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li786"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e of wealle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wôp gehýrdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li787"></a>gryre-leó&eth; galan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;godes andsacan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li788"></a>sige-leásne sang,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâr wânigean</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li789"></a>helle häftan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heóld hine tô fäste</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li790">790</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e manna wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägene strengest</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li791"></a>on &thorn;äm däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ysses lîfes.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXIII"></a><h2>XIII. BEÓWULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note792">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li792"></a>Nolde eorla hleó&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænige &thorn;inga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li793"></a>&thorn;one cwealm-cuman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cwicne forlætan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li794"></a>ne his lîf-dagas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóda ænigum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li795">795</a><div class="line">nytte tealde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær genehost brägd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li796"></a>eorl Beówulfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealde lâfe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li797"></a>wolde freá-drihtnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh ealgian</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li798"></a>mæres &thorn;eódnes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hie meahton swâ;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li799"></a>hie &thorn;ät ne wiston,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hie gewin drugon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li800">800</a><div class="line">heard-hicgende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-mecgas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li801"></a>and on healfa gehwone&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heáwan &thorn;ôhton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li802"></a>sâwle sêcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>&thorn;ät</i> &thorn;one syn-sca&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li803"></a>ænig ofer eor&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îrenna cyst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li804"></a>gû&eth;-billa nân&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grêtan nolde;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li805">805</a><div class="line">ac he sige-wæpnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forsworen häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li806"></a>ecga gehwylcre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Scolde his aldor-gedâl</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li807"></a>on &thorn;äm däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ysses lîfes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li808"></a>earmlîc wur&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and se ellor-gâst</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li809"></a>on feónda geweald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feor sî&eth;ian.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li810">810</a><div class="line">&THORN;â &thorn;ät onfunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e fela æror</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note811">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li811"></a>môdes myr&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li812"></a>fyrene gefremede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(he <i>wäs</i> fâg wi&eth; god)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li813"></a>&thorn;ät him se lîc-homa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;læstan nolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li814"></a>ac hine se môdega&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæg Hygelâces</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li815">815</a><div class="line">häfde be honda;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs gehwä&eth;er ô&eth;rum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li816"></a>lifigende lâ&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lîc-sâr gebâd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li817"></a>atol äglæca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him on eaxle wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li818"></a>syn-dolh sweotol,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seonowe onsprungon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li819"></a>burston bân-locan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulfe wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li820">820</a><div class="line">gû&eth;-hrê&eth; gyfe&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scolde Grendel &thorn;onan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li821"></a>feorh-seóc fleón&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under fen-hleo&eth;u,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li822"></a>sêcean wyn-leás wîc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiste &thorn;ê geornor,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li823"></a>&thorn;ät his aldres wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gegongen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li824"></a>dôgera däg-rîm.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denum eallum wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li825">825</a><div class="line">äfter &thorn;am wäl-ræse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;willa gelumpen.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li826"></a>Häfde &thorn;â gefælsod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e ær feorran com,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li827"></a>snotor and swý&eth;-ferh&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sele Hrô&eth;gâres,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li828"></a>genered wi&eth; nî&eth;e.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Niht-weorce gefeh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li829"></a>ellen-mær&eth;um;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;häfde Eást-Denum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li830">830</a><div class="line">Geát-mecga leód&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gilp gelæsted,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li831"></a>swylce oncý&eth;&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle gebêtte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li832"></a>inwid-sorge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e hie ær drugon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li833"></a>and for &thorn;reá-nýdum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;olian scoldon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li834"></a>torn unlytel.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät wäs tâcen sweotol,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li835">835</a><div class="line">sy&eth;&eth;an hilde-deór&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond âlegde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li836"></a>earm and eaxle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(&thorn;ær wäs eal geador</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li837"></a>Grendles grâpe)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under geápne hr<i>ôf</i>.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXIV"></a><h2>XIV. THE JOY AT HEOROT.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li838"></a>&THORN;â wäs on morgen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gefræge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li839"></a>ymb &thorn;â gif-healle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-rinc monig:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li840">840</a><div class="line">fêrdon folc-togan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorran and neán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li841"></a>geond wîd-wegas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundor sceáwian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li842"></a>lâ&eth;es lâstas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô his lîf-gedâl</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li843"></a>sârlîc &thorn;ûhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secga ænegum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li844"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e tîr-leáses&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;trode sceáwode,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li845">845</a><div class="line">hû he wêrig-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on weg &thorn;anon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li846"></a>nî&eth;a ofercumen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on nicera mere</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li847"></a>fæge and geflýmed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh-lâstas bär.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li848"></a>&THORN;ær wäs on blôde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brim weallende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li849"></a>atol ý&eth;a geswing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eal gemenged</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note850">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li850">850</a><div class="line">hâtan heolfre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heoro-dreóre weól;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li851"></a>deá&eth;-fæge deóg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an dreáma leás</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li852"></a>in fen-freo&eth;o&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh âlegde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li853"></a>hæ&eth;ene sâwle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær him hel onfêng.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li854"></a>&THORN;anon eft gewiton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eald-gesî&eth;as,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li855">855</a><div class="line">swylce geong manig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of gomen-wâ&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li856"></a>fram mere môdge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mearum rîdan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note857">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li857"></a>beornas on blancum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær wäs Beówulfes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li858"></a>mær&eth;o mæned;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;monig oft gecwä&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note859">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li859"></a>&thorn;ätte sû&eth; ne nor&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be sæm tweonum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li860">860</a><div class="line">ofer eormen-grund&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;er nænig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li861"></a>under swegles begong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêlra nære</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li862"></a>rond-häbbendra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rîces wyr&eth;ra.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li863"></a>Ne hie hûru wine-drihten&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiht ne lôgon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li864"></a>glädne Hrô&eth;gâr,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac &thorn;ät wäs gôd cyning.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note865">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li865">865</a><div class="line">Hwîlum hea&eth;o-rôfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hleápan lêton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li866"></a>on geflît faran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fealwe mearas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li867"></a>&thorn;ær him fold-wegas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fägere &thorn;ûhton,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note868">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li868"></a>cystum cû&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwîlum cyninges &thorn;egn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li869"></a>guma gilp-hläden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gidda gemyndig,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li870">870</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e eal-fela&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eald-gesegena</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note871">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li871"></a>worn gemunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word ô&eth;er fand</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note872">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li872"></a>sô&eth;e gebunden:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secg eft ongan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li873"></a>sî&eth; Beówulfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snyttrum styrian</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li874"></a>and on spêd wrecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;spel gerâde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li875">875</a><div class="line">wordum wrixlan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wel-hwylc gecwä&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li876"></a>&thorn;ät he fram Sigemunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan hýrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li877"></a>ellen-dædum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uncû&eth;es fela,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note878">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li878"></a>Wälsinges gewin,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde sî&eth;as,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li879"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e gumena bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearwe ne wiston,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li880">880</a><div class="line">fæh&eth;e and fyrene,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bûton Fitela mid hine,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li881"></a>&thorn;onne he swylces hwät&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan wolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li882"></a>eám his nefan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hie â wæron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li883"></a>ät nî&eth;a gehwâm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nýd-gesteallan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li884"></a>häfdon eal-fela&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eotena cynnes</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li885">885</a><div class="line">sweordum gesæged.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sigemunde gesprong</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li886"></a>äfter deá&eth;-däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dôm unlýtel,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li887"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an wîges heard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrm âcwealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li888"></a>hordes hyrde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he under hârne stân,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li889"></a>ä&eth;elinges bearn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âna genê&eth;de</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li890">890</a><div class="line">frêcne dæde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne wäs him Fitela mid.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li891"></a>Hwä&eth;re him gesælde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;ät swurd &thorn;urhwôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li892"></a>wrätlîcne wyrm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hit on wealle ätstôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li893"></a>dryhtlîc îren;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;draca mor&eth;re swealt.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note894">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li894"></a>Häfde aglæca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;elne gegongen,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note895">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li895">895</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät he beáh-hordes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brûcan môste</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li896"></a>selfes dôme:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-bât gehlôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li897"></a>bär on bearm scipes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorhte frätwa,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note898">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li898"></a>Wälses eafera;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrm hât gemealt.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li899"></a>Se wäs wreccena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde mærost</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li900">900</a><div class="line">ofer wer-&thorn;eóde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgendra hleó</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note901">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li901"></a>ellen-dædum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;äs âron &thorn;âh.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note902">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li902"></a>Si&eth;&eth;an Heremôdes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hild swe&eth;rode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li903"></a>eafo&eth; and ellen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He mid eotenum wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li904"></a>on feónda geweald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth; forlâcen,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li905">905</a><div class="line">snûde forsended.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hine sorh-wylmas</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note906">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li906"></a>lemede tô lange,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he his leódum wear&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li907"></a>eallum ä&eth;elingum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô aldor-ceare;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li908"></a>swylce oft bemearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ærran mælum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li909"></a>swî&eth;-ferh&eth;es sî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snotor ceorl monig,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li910">910</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e him bealwa tô&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bôte gelýfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li911"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;ät &thorn;eódnes bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ge&thorn;eón scolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li912"></a>fäder-ä&eth;elum onfôn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folc gehealdan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li913"></a>hord and hleó-burh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;häle&eth;a rîce,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li914"></a>ê&eth;el Scyldinga.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He &thorn;ær eallum wear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li915">915</a><div class="line">mæg Higelâces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li916"></a>freóndum gefägra;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hine fyren onwôd.</div>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note917">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li917"></a>Hwîlum flîtende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fealwe stræte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li918"></a>mearum mæton.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs morgen-leóht</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li919"></a>scofen and scynded.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eode scealc monig</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li920">920</a><div class="line">swî&eth;-hicgende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô sele &thorn;am heán,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li921"></a>searo-wundor seón,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce self cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li922"></a>of brýd-bûre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beáh-horda weard,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li923"></a>tryddode tîr-fäst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;getrume micle,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li924"></a>cystum gecý&eth;ed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his cwên mid him</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note925">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li925">925</a><div class="line">medo-stîg gemät&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mäg&eth;a hôse.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXV"></a><h2>XV. HROTHGAR'S GRATULATION.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li926"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(he tô healle geóng,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note927">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li927"></a>stôd on stapole,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseah steápne hrôf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li928"></a>golde fâhne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and Grendles hond):</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li929"></a>&quot;&thorn;isse ansýne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;al-wealdan &thorn;anc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li930">930</a><div class="line">&quot;lungre gelimpe!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fela ic lâ&eth;es gebâd,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note931">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li931"></a>&quot;grynna ät Grendle:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;â mäg god wyrcan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li932"></a>&quot;wunder äfter wundre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wuldres hyrde!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li933"></a>&quot;&THORN;ät wäs ungeâra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic ænigra me</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li934"></a>&quot;weána ne wênde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô wîdan feore</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li935">935</a><div class="line">&quot;bôte gebîdan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne blôde fâh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li936"></a>&quot;hûsa sêlest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heoro-dreórig stôd;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note937">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li937"></a>&quot;weá wîd-scofen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;witena gehwylcne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li938"></a>&quot;&thorn;âra &thorn;e ne wêndon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie wîde-ferh&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li939"></a>&quot;leóda land-geweorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;um beweredon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note940">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li940">940</a><div class="line">&quot;scuccum and scinnum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu scealc hafa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li941"></a>&quot;&thorn;urh drihtnes miht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dæd gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li942"></a>&quot;&thorn;e we ealle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær ne meahton</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li943"></a>&quot;snyttrum besyrwan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hwät! &thorn;ät secgan mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li944"></a>&quot;efne swâ hwylc mäg&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;one magan cende</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li945">945</a><div class="line">&quot;äfter gum-cynnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyf heó gyt lyfa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li946"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät hyre eald-metod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;êste wære</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li947"></a>&quot;bearn-gebyrdo.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu ic Beówulf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li948"></a>&quot;&thorn;ec, secg betsta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;me for sunu wylle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li949"></a>&quot;freógan on ferh&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heald for&eth; tela</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li950">950</a><div class="line">&quot;niwe sibbe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne bi&eth; &thorn;e nænigra gâd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li951"></a>&quot;worolde wilna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e ic geweald häbbe.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li952"></a>&quot;Ful-oft ic for lässan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leán teohhode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li953"></a>&quot;hord-weor&eth;unge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hnâhran rince,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li954"></a>&quot;sæmran ät säcce.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;u &thorn;e self hafast</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li955">955</a><div class="line">&quot;dædum gefremed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;în <i>dôm</i> lyfa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li956"></a>&quot;âwâ tô aldre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Alwalda &thorn;ec</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li957"></a>&quot;gôde forgylde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he nu gyt dyde!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li958"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note959">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li959"></a>&quot;We &thorn;ät ellen-weorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;êstum miclum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li960">960</a><div class="line">&quot;feohtan fremedon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frêcne genê&eth;don</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li961"></a>&quot;eafo&eth; uncû&eth;es;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;û&eth;e ic swî&eth;or,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li962"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;u hinc selfne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón môste,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note963">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li963"></a>&quot;feónd on frätewum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyl-wêrigne!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li964"></a>&quot;Ic hine hrädlîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heardan clammum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li965">965</a><div class="line">&quot;on wäl-bedde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wrî&eth;an &thorn;ôhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li966"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he for mund-gripe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînum scolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li967"></a>&quot;licgean lîf-bysig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bûtan his lîc swice;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li968"></a>&quot;ic hine ne mihte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â metod nolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li969"></a>&quot;ganges getwæman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô ic him &thorn;äs georne ätfealh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li970">970</a><div class="line">&quot;feorh-genî&eth;lan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs tô fore-mihtig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li971"></a>&quot;feónd on fê&eth;e.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hwä&eth;ere he his folme forlêt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li972"></a>&quot;tô lîf-wra&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâst weardian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li973"></a>&quot;earm and eaxle;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;ær ænige swâ &thorn;eáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li974"></a>&quot;feá-sceaft guma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frôfre gebohte:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li975">975</a><div class="line">&quot;nô &thorn;ý leng leofa&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;-geteóna</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note976">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li976"></a>&quot;synnum geswenced,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac hyne sâr hafa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li977"></a>&quot;in nýd-gripe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nearwe befongen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li978"></a>&quot;balwon bendum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær âbîdan sceal</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li979"></a>&quot;maga mâne fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;miclan dômes,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li980">980</a><div class="line">&quot;hû him scîr metod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scrîfan wille.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li981"></a>&THORN;â wäs swîgra secg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ecglâfes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li982"></a>on gylp-spræce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-geweorca,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li983"></a>si&eth;&eth;an ä&eth;elingas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorles cräfte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li984"></a>ofer heáhne hrôf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hand sceáwedon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li985">985</a><div class="line">feóndes fingras,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;foran æghwylc;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note986">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li986"></a>wäs stêde nägla gehwylc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stýle gelîcost,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note987">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li987"></a>hæ&eth;enes hand-sporu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-rinces</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note988">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li988"></a>egle unheóru;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æg-hwylc gecwä&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li989"></a>&thorn;ät him heardra nân&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrînan wolde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li990">990</a><div class="line">îren ær-gôd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;äs ahlæcan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li991"></a>blôdge beadu-folme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;onberan wolde.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXVI"></a><h2>XVI. THE BANQUET AND THE GIFTS.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note992">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li992"></a>&THORN;â wäs hâten hre&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heort innan-weard</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li993"></a>folmum gefrätwod:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela &thorn;æra wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li994"></a>wera and wîfa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e &thorn;ät wîn-reced,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note995">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li995">995</a><div class="line">gest-sele gyredon.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gold-fâg scinon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li996"></a>web äfter wagum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundor-sióna fela</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note997">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li997"></a>secga gehwylcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e on swylc stara&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note998">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li998"></a>Wäs &thorn;ät beorhte bold&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tôbrocen swî&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li999"></a>eal inne-weard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îren-bendum fäst,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1000">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1000">1000</a><div class="line">heorras tôhlidene;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrôf âna genäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1001"></a>ealles ansund,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â se aglæca</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1002"></a>fyren-dædum fâg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on fleám gewand,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1003"></a>aldres or-wêna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô &thorn;ät ý&eth;e by&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1004"></a>tô befleónne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(fremme se &thorn;e wille!)</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1005">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1005">1005</a><div class="line">ac gesacan sceal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâwl-berendra</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1006"></a>nýde genýdde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ni&eth;&eth;a bearna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1007"></a>grund-bûendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearwe stôwe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1008"></a>&thorn;ær his lîc-homa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leger-bedde fäst</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1009">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1009"></a>swefe&eth; äfter symle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs sæl and mæl,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1010">1010</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät tô healle gang&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Healfdenes sunu;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1011"></a>wolde self cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;symbel &thorn;icgan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1012">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1012"></a>Ne gefrägen ic &thorn;â mæg&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâran weorode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1013"></a>ymb hyra sinc-gyfan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêl gebæran.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1014">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1014"></a>Bugon &thorn;â tô bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blæd-âgende,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1015">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1015">1015</a><div class="line">fylle gefægon.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fägere ge&thorn;ægon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1016"></a>medo-ful manig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâgas &#x2020; &thorn;âra</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1017"></a>swî&eth;-hicgende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sele &thorn;am heán,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1018"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr and Hrô&eth;ulf.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heorot innan wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1019"></a>freóndum âfylled;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles fâcen-stafas</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1020">1020</a><div class="line">&THORN;eód-Scyldingas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;enden fremedon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1021"></a>Forgeaf &thorn;â Beówulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Healfdenes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1022"></a>segen gyldenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sigores tô leáne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1023"></a>hroden hilte-cumbor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm and byrnan;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1024">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1024"></a>mære mâ&eth;&eth;um-sweord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manige gesâwon</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1025">1025</a><div class="line">beforan beorn beran.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf ge&thorn;ah</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1026"></a>ful on flette;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô he &thorn;ære feoh-gyfte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1027"></a>for sceótendum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scamigan &thorn;orfte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1028"></a>ne gefrägn ic freóndlîcor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feówer mâdmas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1029"></a>golde gegyrede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gum-manna fela</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1030">1030</a><div class="line">in ealo-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;rum gesellan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1031"></a>Ymb &thorn;äs helmes hrôf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heáfod-beorge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1032"></a>wîrum bewunden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;walan ûtan heóld,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1033"></a>&thorn;ät him fêla lâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frêcne ne meahton</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1034">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1034"></a>scûr-heard sce&eth;&eth;an,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne scyld-freca</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1035">1035</a><div class="line">ongeán gramum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gangan scolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1036"></a>Hêht &thorn;â eorla hleó&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eahta mearas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1037"></a>fäted-hleóre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on flet teón</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1038"></a>in under eoderas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra ânum stôd</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1039">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1039"></a>sadol searwum fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;since gewur&eth;ad,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1040">1040</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät wäs hilde-setl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heáh-cyninges,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1041"></a>&thorn;onne sweorda gelâc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Healfdenes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1042"></a>efnan wolde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;næfre on ôre läg</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1043">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1043"></a>wîd-cû&eth;es wîg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne walu feóllon.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1044">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1044"></a>And &thorn;â Beówulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bega gehwä&eth;res</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1045">1045</a><div class="line">eodor Ingwina&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;onweald geteáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1046"></a>wicga and wæpna;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hêt hine wel brûcan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1047"></a>Swâ manlîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mære &thorn;eóden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1048"></a>hord-weard häle&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hea&eth;o-ræsas geald</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1049"></a>mearum and mâdmum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hý næfre man lyh&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1050">1050</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e secgan wile&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sô&eth; äfter rihte.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXVII"></a><h2>XVII. SONG OF HROTHGAR'S POET&mdash;THE LAY OF HNAEF AND HENGEST.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1051"></a>&THORN;â gyt æghwylcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorla drihten</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1052"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e mid Beówulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brim-lâde teáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1053"></a>on &thorn;ære medu-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ&eth;&eth;um gesealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1054"></a>yrfe-lâfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;one ænne hêht</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1055">1055</a><div class="line">golde forgyldan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one &thorn;e Grendel ær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1056"></a>mâne âcwealde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he hyra mâ wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1057"></a>nefne him witig god&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrd forstôde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1058"></a>and &thorn;äs mannes môd:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;metod eallum weóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1059"></a>gumena cynnes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he nu git dê&eth;;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1060">1060</a><div class="line">for&thorn;an bi&eth; andgit&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æghwær sêlest,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1061"></a>ferh&eth;es fore-&thorn;anc!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela sceal gebîdan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1062"></a>leófes and lâ&eth;es,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e longe her</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1063"></a>on &thorn;yssum win-dagum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worolde brûce&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1064"></a>&THORN;ær wäs sang and swêg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;samod ätgädere</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1065">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1065">1065</a><div class="line">fore Healfdenes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-wîsan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1066"></a>gomen-wudu grêted,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gid oft wrecen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1067"></a>&thorn;onne heal-gamen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâres scôp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1068"></a>äfter medo-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mænan scolde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1069">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1069"></a>Finnes eaferum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hie se fær begeat:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1070">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1070">1070</a><div class="line">&quot;Häle&eth; Healfdenes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hnäf Scyldinga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1071"></a>&quot;in Fr..es wäle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feallan scolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1072"></a>&quot;Ne hûru Hildeburh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hêrian &thorn;orfte</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1073">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1073"></a>&quot;Eotena treówe:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsynnum wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1074"></a>&quot;beloren leófum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät &thorn;am lind-plegan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1075">1075</a><div class="line">&quot;bearnum and brô&eth;rum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hie on gebyrd hruron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1076"></a>&quot;gâre wunde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs geômuru ides.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1077"></a>&quot;Nalles hôlinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hôces dôhtor</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1078"></a>&quot;meotod-sceaft bemearn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an morgen com,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1079"></a>&quot;&thorn;â heó under swegle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón meahte</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1080">1080</a><div class="line">&quot;mor&eth;or-bealo mâga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær heó ær mæste heóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1081"></a>&quot;worolde wynne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîg ealle fornam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1082"></a>&quot;Finnes &thorn;egnas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nemne feáum ânum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1083"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he ne mehte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on &thorn;äm me&eth;el-stede</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1084">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1084"></a>&quot;wîg Hengeste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiht gefeohtan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1085">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1085">1085</a><div class="line">&quot;ne &thorn;â weá-lâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîge for&thorn;ringan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1086"></a>&quot;&thorn;eódnes &thorn;egne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ac hig him ge&thorn;ingo budon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1087"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät hie him ô&eth;er flet&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eal gerýmdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1088"></a>&quot;healle and heáh-setl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie healfre geweald</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1089"></a>&quot;wi&eth; Eotena bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âgan môston,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1090">1090</a><div class="line">&quot;and ät feoh-gyftum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Folcwaldan sunu</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1091"></a>&quot;dôgra gehwylce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dene weor&eth;ode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1092"></a>&quot;Hengestes heáp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringum wenede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1093"></a>&quot;efne swâ swî&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sinc-gestreónum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1094"></a>&quot;fättan goldes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he Fresena cyn</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1095">1095</a><div class="line">&quot;on beór-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byldan wolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1096"></a>&quot;&THORN;â hie getrûwedon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on twâ healfa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1097"></a>&quot;fäste frio&eth;u-wære;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fin Hengeste</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1098">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1098"></a>&quot;elne unflitme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;â&eth;um benemde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1099"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he &thorn;â weá-lâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weotena dôme</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1100">1100</a><div class="line">&quot;ârum heolde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;ær ænig mon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1101"></a>&quot;wordum ne worcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wære ne bræce,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1102"></a>&quot;ne &thorn;urh inwit-searo&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æfre gemænden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1103"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh hie hira beág-gyfan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;banan folgedon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1104"></a>&quot;&thorn;eóden-leáse,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him swâ ge&thorn;earfod wäs:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1105">1105</a><div class="line">&quot;gyf &thorn;onne Frysna hwylc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frêcnan spræce</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1106">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1106"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs mor&eth;or-hetes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;myndgiend wære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1107"></a>&quot;&thorn;onne hit sweordes ecg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an scolde.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1108">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1108"></a>&quot;Â&eth; wäs geäfned&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and icge gold</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1109"></a>&quot;âhäfen of horde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Here-Scyldinga</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1110">1110</a><div class="line">&quot;betst beado-rinca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs on bæl gearu;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1111"></a>&quot;ät &thorn;äm âde wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ê&eth;-gesýne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1112"></a>&quot;swât-fâh syrce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swýn eal-gylden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1113"></a>&quot;eofer îren-heard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;eling manig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1114"></a>&quot;wundum âwyrded;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sume on wäle crungon.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1115">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1115">1115</a><div class="line">&quot;Hêt &thorn;â Hildeburh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät Hnäfes âde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1116">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1116"></a>&quot;hire selfre sunu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweolo&eth;e befästan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1117"></a>&quot;bân-fatu bärnan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on bæl dôn.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1118"></a>&quot;Earme on eaxle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ides gnornode,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1119">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1119"></a>&quot;geômrode giddum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-rinc âstâh.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1120">1120</a><div class="line">&quot;Wand tô wolcnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-fýra mæst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1121"></a>&quot;hlynode for hlâwe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hafelan multon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1122">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1122"></a>&quot;ben-geato burston,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne blôd ätspranc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1123"></a>&quot;lâ&eth;-bite lîces.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lîg ealle forswealg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1124"></a>&quot;gæsta gîfrost,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e &thorn;ær gû&eth; fornam</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1125">1125</a><div class="line">&quot;bega folces;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs hira blæd scacen.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXVIII"></a><h2>XVIII. THE GLEEMAN'S TALE IS ENDED.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1126"></a>&quot;Gewiton him &thorn;â wîgend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîca neósian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1127"></a>&quot;freóndum befeallen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Frysland geseón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1128"></a>&quot;hâmas and heá-burh.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hengest &thorn;â gyt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1129"></a>&quot;wäl-fâgne winter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wunode mid Finne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1130">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1130">1130</a><div class="line">&quot;<i>ealles</i> unhlitme;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eard gemunde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1131"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he <i>ne</i> meahte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on mere drîfan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1132"></a>&quot;hringed-stefnan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holm storme weól,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1133"></a>&quot;won wi&eth; winde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;winter ý&eth;e beleác</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1134"></a>&quot;îs-gebinde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät ô&eth;er com</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1135">1135</a><div class="line">&quot;geâr in geardas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ nu gyt dê&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1136"></a>&quot;&thorn;â &thorn;e syngales&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêle bewitia&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1137">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1137"></a>&quot;wuldor-torhtan weder.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs winter scacen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1138"></a>&quot;fäger foldan bearm;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fundode wrecca,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1139"></a>&quot;gist of geardum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he tô gyrn-wräce</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1140">1140</a><div class="line">&quot;swî&eth;or &thorn;ôhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne tô sæ-lâde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1141"></a>&quot;gif he torn-gemôt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;urhteón mihte,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1142">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1142"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he Eotena bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inne gemunde.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1143">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1143"></a>&quot;Swâ he ne forwyrnde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worold-rædenne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1144">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1144"></a>&quot;&thorn;onne him Hûnlâfing&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-leóman,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1145">1145</a><div class="line">&quot;billa sêlest,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on bearm dyde:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1146"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs wæron mid Eotenum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ecge cû&eth;e.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1147"></a>&quot;Swylce ferh&eth;-frecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fin eft begeat</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1148"></a>&quot;sweord-bealo slî&eth;en&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät his selfes hâm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1149"></a>&quot;si&eth;&eth;an grimne gripe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gû&eth;laf ond Ôslâf</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1150">1150</a><div class="line">&quot;äfter sæ-si&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sorge mændon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1151"></a>&quot;ätwiton weána dæl;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne meahte wäfre môd</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1152">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1152"></a>&quot;forhabban in hre&eth;re.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs heal hroden</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1153"></a>&quot;feónda feorum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swilce Fin slägen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1154"></a>&quot;cyning on cor&eth;re,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and seó cwên numen.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1155">1155</a><div class="line">&quot;Sceótend Scyldinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô scypum feredon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1156"></a>&quot;eal in-gesteald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;-cyninges,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1157"></a>&quot;swylce hie ät Finnes hâm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;findan meahton</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1158"></a>&quot;sigla searo-gimma.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hie on sæ-lâde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1159"></a>&quot;drihtlîce wîf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô Denum feredon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1160">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1160">1160</a><div class="line">&quot;læddon tô leódum.&quot;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Leó&eth; wäs âsungen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1161"></a>gleó-mannes gyd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gamen eft âstâh,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1162">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1162"></a>beorhtode benc-swêg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byrelas sealdon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1163">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1163"></a>wîn of wunder-fatum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â cwom Wealh&thorn;eó for&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1164"></a>gân under gyldnum beáge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær &thorn;â gôdan twegen</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1165">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1165">1165</a><div class="line">sæton suhter-gefäderan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â gyt wäs hiera sib ätgädere</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1166"></a>æghwylc ô&eth;rum trýwe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swylce &thorn;ær Ûnfer&eth; &thorn;yle</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1167">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1167"></a>ät fôtum sät freán Scyldinga:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gehwylc hiora his ferh&eth;e treówde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1168"></a>&thorn;ät he häfde môd micel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he his mâgum nære</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1169"></a>ârfäst ät ecga gelâcum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Spräc &thorn;â ides Scyldinga:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1170">1170</a><div class="line">&quot;Onfôh &thorn;issum fulle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freó-drihten mîn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1171"></a>&quot;sinces brytta;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;u on sælum wes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1172"></a>&quot;gold-wine gumena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and tô Geátum sprec</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1173"></a>&quot;mildum wordum!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swâ sceal man dôn.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1174"></a>&quot;Beó wi&eth; Geátas gläd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geofena gemyndig;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1175">1175</a><div class="line">&quot;neán and feorran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;u nu <i>fri&eth;u</i> hafast.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1176"></a>&quot;Me man sägde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;u &thorn;e for sunu wolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1177"></a>&quot;here-rinc habban.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heorot is gefælsod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1178"></a>&quot;beáh-sele beorhta;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brûc &thorn;enden &thorn;u môte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1179"></a>&quot;manigra mêda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;înum mâgum læf</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1180">1180</a><div class="line">&quot;folc and rîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne &thorn;u for&eth; scyle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1181"></a>&quot;metod-sceaft seón.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic mînne can</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1182"></a>&quot;glädne Hrô&eth;ulf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he &thorn;â geogo&eth;e wile</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1183"></a>&quot;ârum healdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyf &thorn;u ær &thorn;onne he,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1184"></a>&quot;wine Scildinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worold oflætest;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1185">1185</a><div class="line">&quot;wêne ic, &thorn;ät he mid gôde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyldan wille</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1186"></a>&quot;uncran eaferan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif he &thorn;ät eal gemon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1187"></a>&quot;hwät wit tô willan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and tô wor&eth;-myndum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1188"></a>&quot;umbor wesendum ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ârna gefremedon.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1189"></a>Hwearf &thorn;â bî bence,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hyre byre wæron,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1190">1190</a><div class="line">Hrê&eth;rîc and Hrô&eth;mund,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and häle&eth;a bearn,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1191">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1191"></a>giogo&eth; ätgädere;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær se gôda sät</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1192">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1192"></a>Beówulf Geáta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be &thorn;æm gebrô&eth;rum twæm.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXIX"></a><h2>XIX. BEÓWULF'S JEWELLED COLLAR. THE HEROES REST.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1193"></a>Him wäs ful boren&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and freónd-la&eth;u</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1194">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1194"></a>wordum bewägned&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and wunden gold</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1195">1195</a><div class="line">êstum geeáwed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earm-hreáde twâ,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1196">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1196"></a>hrägl and hringas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heals-beága mæst</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1197"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e ic on foldan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gefrägen häbbe.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1198"></a>Nænigne ic under swegle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêlran hýrde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1199">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1199"></a>hord-mâ&eth;&eth;um häle&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Hâma ätwäg</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1200">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1200">1200</a><div class="line">tô &thorn;ære byrhtan byrig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Brosinga mene,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1201"></a>sigle and sinc-fät,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;searo-nî&eth;as fealh</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1202">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1202"></a>Eormenrîces,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geceás êcne ræd.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1203"></a>&THORN;one hring häfde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâc Geáta,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1204"></a>nefa Swertinges,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nýhstan sî&eth;e,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1205">1205</a><div class="line">si&eth;&eth;an he under segne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sinc ealgode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1206"></a>wäl-reáf werede;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyne Wyrd fornam,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1207"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an he for wlenco&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weán âhsode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1208"></a>fæh&eth;e tô Frysum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;â frätwe wäg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1209"></a>eorclan-stânas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer ý&eth;a ful,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1210">1210</a><div class="line">rîce &thorn;eóden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he under rande gecranc;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1211">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1211"></a>gehwearf &thorn;â in Francna fä&eth;m&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh cyninges,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1212"></a>breóst-gewædu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and se beáh somod:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1213">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1213"></a>wyrsan wîg-frecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl reáfedon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1214"></a>äfter gû&eth;-sceare,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1215">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1215">1215</a><div class="line">hreâ-wîc heóldon.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heal swêge onfêng.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1216"></a>Wealh&thorn;eó ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heó fore &thorn;äm werede spräc:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1217"></a>&quot;Brûc &thorn;isses beáges,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf, leófa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1218"></a>&quot;hyse, mid hæle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;isses hrägles neót</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1219"></a>&quot;&thorn;eód-gestreóna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and ge&thorn;eóh tela,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1220">1220</a><div class="line">&quot;cen &thorn;ec mid cräfte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;yssum cnyhtum wes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1221"></a>&quot;lâra lî&eth;e!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;e &thorn;äs leán geman.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1222"></a>&quot;Hafast &thorn;u gefêred,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;e feor and neáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1223"></a>&quot;ealne wîde-ferh&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weras ehtiga&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1224"></a>&quot;efne swâ sîde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ sæ bebûge&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1225">1225</a><div class="line">&quot;windige weallas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wes, &thorn;enden &thorn;u lifige,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1226"></a>&quot;ä&eth;eling eádig!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;e an tela</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1227">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1227"></a>&quot;sinc-gestreóna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beó &thorn;u suna mînum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1228"></a>&quot;dædum gedêfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dreám healdende!</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1229">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1229"></a>&quot;Her is æghwylc eorl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;rum getrýwe,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1230">1230</a><div class="line">&quot;môdes milde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;man-drihtne hold,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1231"></a>&quot;&thorn;egnas syndon ge&thorn;wære,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eód eal gearo:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1232">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1232"></a>&quot;druncne dryht-guman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dô&eth; swâ ic bidde!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1233"></a>Eode &thorn;â tô setle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær wäs symbla cyst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1234"></a>druncon wîn weras:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrd ne cû&eth;on,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1235">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1235">1235</a><div class="line">geó-sceaft grimme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hit âgangen wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1236"></a>eorla manegum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an æfen cwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1237"></a>and him Hrô&eth;gâr gewât&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hofe sînum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1238"></a>rîce tô räste.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reced weardode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1239"></a>unrîm eorla,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hie oft ær dydon:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1240">1240</a><div class="line">benc-&thorn;elu beredon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hit geond-bræded wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1241"></a>beddum and bolstrum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beór-scealca sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1242"></a>fûs and fæge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flet-räste gebeág.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1243"></a>Setton him tô heáfdum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-randas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1244"></a>bord-wudu beorhtan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær on bence wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1245">1245</a><div class="line">ofer ä&eth;elinge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ý&eth;-gesêne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1246">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1246"></a>hea&eth;o-steápa helm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringed byrne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1247"></a>&thorn;rec-wudu &thorn;rymlîc.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wäs &thorn;eáw hyra,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1248">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1248"></a>&thorn;ät hie oft wæron&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;an wîg gearwe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1249"></a>ge ät hâm ge on herge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ge gehwä&eth;er &thorn;âra</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1250">1250</a><div class="line">efne swylce mæla,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce hira man-dryhtne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1251"></a>&thorn;earf gesælde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs seó &thorn;eód tilu.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXX"></a><h2>XX. GRENDEL'S MOTHER ATTACKS THE RING-DANES.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note1252">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1252"></a>Sigon &thorn;â tô slæpe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sum sâre angeald</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1253"></a>æfen-räste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him ful-oft gelamp,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1254">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1254"></a>si&eth;&eth;an gold-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendel warode,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1255">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1255">1255</a><div class="line">unriht äfnde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät ende becwom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1256"></a>swylt äfter synnum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät gesýne wear&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1257"></a>wîd-cû&eth; werum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ätte wrecend &thorn;â gyt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1258"></a>lifde äfter lâ&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lange &thorn;rage</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1259">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1259"></a>äfter gû&eth;-ceare;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendles môdor,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1260">1260</a><div class="line">ides aglæc-wîf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;yrm&eth;e gemunde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1261">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1261"></a>se &thorn;e wäter-egesan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wunian scolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1262"></a>cealde streámas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an Cain wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1263"></a>tô ecg-banan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ângan brê&eth;er,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1264"></a>fäderen-mæge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;â fâg gewât,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1265">1265</a><div class="line">mor&eth;re gemearcod&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;man-dreám fleón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1266"></a>wêsten warode.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;anon wôc fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1267"></a>geósceaft-gâsta;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;æra Grendel sum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1268"></a>heoro-wearh hetelîc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se ät Heorote fand</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1269"></a>wäccendne wer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîges bîdan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1270">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1270">1270</a><div class="line">&thorn;ær him aglæca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät-græpe wear&eth;;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1271"></a>hwä&eth;re he gemunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägenes strenge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1272"></a>gim-fäste gife,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e him god sealde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1273">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1273"></a>and him tô anwaldan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âre gelýfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1274"></a>frôfre and fultum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ý he &thorn;one feónd ofercwom,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1275">1275</a><div class="line">gehnægde helle gâst:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he heán gewât,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1276"></a>dreáme bedæled&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth;-wîc seón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1277"></a>man-cynnes feónd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;And his môdor &thorn;â gyt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1278"></a>gîfre and galg-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegân wolde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1279">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1279"></a>sorh-fulne sî&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;suna deá&eth; wrecan.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1280">1280</a><div class="line">Com &thorn;â tô Heorote,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær Hring-Dene</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1281">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1281"></a>geond &thorn;ät säld swæfun.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â &thorn;ær sôna wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1282"></a>ed-hwyrft eorlum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an inne fealh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1283"></a>Grendles môdor;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs se gryre lässa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1284"></a>efne swâ micle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ bi&eth; mäg&eth;a cräft,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1285">1285</a><div class="line">wîg-gryre wîfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be wæpned-men,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1286">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1286"></a>&thorn;onne heoru bunden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hamere ge&thorn;uren,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1287"></a>sweord swâte fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swîn ofer helme,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1288"></a>ecgum dyhtig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;andweard scire&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1289"></a>&THORN;â wäs on healle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heard-ecg togen,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1290">1290</a><div class="line">sweord ofer setlum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sîd-rand manig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1291"></a>hafen handa fäst;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm ne gemunde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1292">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1292"></a>byrnan sîde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e hine se brôga angeat.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1293"></a>Heó wäs on ôfste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde ût &thorn;anon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1294"></a>feore beorgan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â heó onfunden wäs;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1295">1295</a><div class="line">hra&eth;e heó ä&eth;elinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânne häfde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1296"></a>fäste befangen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â heó tô fenne gang;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1297"></a>se wäs Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;häle&eth;a leófost</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1298">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1298"></a>on gesî&eth;es hâd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be sæm tweonum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1299"></a>rîce rand-wîga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one &thorn;e heó on räste âbreát,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1300">1300</a><div class="line">blæd-fästne beorn.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs Beówulf &thorn;ær,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1301">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1301"></a>ac wäs ô&eth;er in&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær geteohhod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1302"></a>äfter mâ&eth;&eth;um-gife&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mærum Geáte.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1303">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1303"></a>Hreám wear&eth; on Heorote.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heó under heolfre genam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1304"></a>cû&eth;e folme;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cearu wäs geniwod</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1305">1305</a><div class="line">geworden in wîcum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne wäs &thorn;ät gewrixle til,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1306"></a>&thorn;ät hie on bâ healfa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bicgan scoldon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1307"></a>freónda feorum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs frôd cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1308"></a>hâr hilde-rinc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on hreón môde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1309"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an he aldor-&thorn;egn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unlyfigendne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1310">1310</a><div class="line">&thorn;one deórestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deádne wisse.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1311"></a>Hra&eth;e wäs tô bûre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf fetod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1312"></a>sigor-eádig secg.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Samod ær-däge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1313"></a>eode eorla sum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;ele cempa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1314"></a>self mid gesî&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær se snottra bâd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1315">1315</a><div class="line">hwä&eth;re him al-walda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æfre wille</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1316"></a>äfter weá-spelle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrpe gefremman.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1317"></a>Gang &thorn;â äfter flôre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrd-wyr&eth;e man</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1318"></a>mid his hand-scale&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(heal-wudu dynede)</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1319">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1319"></a>&thorn;ät he &thorn;one wîsan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wordum hnægde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1320">1320</a><div class="line">freán Ingwina;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frägn gif him wære</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1321">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1321"></a>äfter neód-la&eth;u&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;niht getæse.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXI"></a><h2>XXI. SORROW AT HEOROT: ÆSCHERE'S DEATH</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1322"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm Scildinga:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1323"></a>&quot;Ne frin &thorn;u äfter sælum!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sorh is geniwod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1324"></a>&quot;Denigea leódum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deád is Äsc-here,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1325">1325</a><div class="line">&quot;Yrmenlâfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;yldra brô&eth;or,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1326"></a>&quot;mîn rûn-wita&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and mîn ræd-bora,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1327"></a>&quot;eaxl-gestealla,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne we on orlege</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1328"></a>&quot;hafelan weredon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne hniton fê&eth;an,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1329"></a>&quot;eoferas cnysedan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylc scolde eorl wesan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1330">1330</a><div class="line">&quot;<i>ä&eth;eling</i> ær-gôd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylc Äsc-here wäs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1331"></a>&quot;Wear&eth; him on Heorote&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hand-banan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1332"></a>&quot;wäl-gæst wäfre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic ne wât hwäder</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1333"></a>&quot;atol æse wlanc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft-sî&eth;as teáh,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1334">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1334"></a>&quot;fylle gefrægnod.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heó &thorn;â fæh&eth;e wräc,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1335">1335</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;e &thorn;u gystran niht&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendel cwealdest</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1336"></a>&quot;&thorn;urh hæstne hâd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heardum clammum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1337"></a>&quot;for&thorn;an he tô lange&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóde mîne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1338"></a>&quot;wanode and wyrde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He ät wîge gecrang</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1339"></a>&quot;ealdres scyldig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and nu ô&eth;er cwom</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1340">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1340">1340</a><div class="line">&quot;mihtig mân-sca&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde hyre mæg wrecan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1341"></a>&quot;ge feor hafa&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;e gestæled,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1342"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs &thorn;e &thorn;incean mäg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egne monegum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1343"></a>&quot;se &thorn;e äfter sinc-gyfan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sefan greóte&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1344"></a>&quot;hre&eth;er-bealo hearde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu seó hand lige&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1345">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1345">1345</a><div class="line">&quot;se &thorn;e eów wel-hwylcra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wilna dohte.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1346">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1346"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;ät lond-bûend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóde mîne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1347">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1347"></a>&quot;sele-rædende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan hýrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1348"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät hie gesâwon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce twegen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1349"></a>&quot;micle mearc-stapan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;môras healdan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1350">1350</a><div class="line">&quot;ellor-gæstas:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;æra ô&eth;er wäs,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1351">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1351"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs &thorn;e hie gewislîcost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gewitan meahton,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1352">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1352"></a>&quot;idese onlîcnes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;er earm-sceapen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1353"></a>&quot;on weres wästmum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wräc-lâstas träd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1354"></a>&quot;näfne he wäs mâra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne ænig man ô&eth;er,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1355">1355</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;one on geâr-dagum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendel nemdon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1356"></a>&quot;fold-bûende:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô hie fäder cunnon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1357"></a>&quot;hwä&eth;er him ænig wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær âcenned</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1358"></a>&quot;dyrnra gâsta.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hie dýgel lond</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1359"></a>&quot;warigea&eth;, wulf-hleo&eth;u,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;windige nässas,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1360">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1360">1360</a><div class="line">&quot;frêcne fen-gelâd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær fyrgen-streám</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1361"></a>&quot;under nässa genipu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ni&eth;er gewîte&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1362"></a>&quot;flôd under foldan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nis &thorn;ät feor heonon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1363">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1363"></a>&quot;mîl-gemearces,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se mere stande&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1364">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1364"></a>&quot;ofer &thorn;äm hongia&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrîmge bearwas,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1365">1365</a><div class="line">&quot;wudu wyrtum fäst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäter oferhelma&eth;.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1366">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1366"></a>&quot;&THORN;ær mäg nihta gehwæm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nî&eth;-wundor seón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1367"></a>&quot;fýr on flôde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;äs frôd leofa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1368"></a>&quot;gumena bearna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;one grund wite;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1369"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hæ&eth;-stapa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hundum geswenced,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1370">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1370">1370</a><div class="line">&quot;heorot hornum trum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holt-wudu sêce,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1371">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1371"></a>&quot;feorran geflýmed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær he feorh sele&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1372">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1372"></a>&quot;aldor on ôfre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær he in wille,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1373">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1373"></a>&quot;hafelan <i>hýdan</i>.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nis &thorn;ät heóru stôw:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1374"></a>&quot;&thorn;onon ý&eth;-geblond&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;up âstîge&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1375">1375</a><div class="line">&quot;won tô wolcnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne wind styre&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1376"></a>&quot;lâ&eth; gewidru,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät lyft drysma&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1377"></a>&quot;roderas reóta&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu is ræd gelang</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1378"></a>&quot;eft ät &thorn;e ânum!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eard git ne const,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1379"></a>&quot;frêcne stôwe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær &thorn;u findan miht</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1380">1380</a><div class="line">&quot;sinnigne secg:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêc gif &thorn;u dyrre!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1381"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;e &thorn;â fæh&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feó leánige,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1382"></a>&quot;eald-gestreónum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ ic ær dyde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1383"></a>&quot;wundnum golde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyf &thorn;u on weg cymest.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXII"></a><h2>XXII. BEÓWULF SEEKS THE MONSTER IN THE HAUNTS OF THE NIXIES.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1384"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1385">1385</a><div class="line">&quot;Ne sorga, snotor guma!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêlre bi&eth; æghwæm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1386"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he his freónd wrece,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he fela murne;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1387"></a>&quot;ûre æghwylc sceal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gebîdan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1388"></a>&quot;worolde lîfes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrce se &thorn;e môte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1389"></a>&quot;dômes ær deá&eth;e!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät bi&eth; driht-guman</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1390">1390</a><div class="line">&quot;unlifgendum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfter sêlest.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1391">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1391"></a>&quot;Ârîs, rîces weard;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uton hra&eth;e fêran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1392"></a>&quot;Grendles mâgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gang sceáwigan!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1393"></a>&quot;Ic hit &thorn;e gehâte:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô he on helm losa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1394"></a>&quot;ne on foldan fä&eth;m,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne on fyrgen-holt,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1395">1395</a><div class="line">&quot;ne on gyfenes grund,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gâ &thorn;ær he wille.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1396"></a>&quot;&THORN;ys dôgor &thorn;u&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ge&thorn;yld hafa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1397"></a>&quot;weána gehwylces,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ ic &thorn;e wêne tô!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1398"></a>Âhleóp &thorn;â se gomela,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gode &thorn;ancode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1399"></a>mihtigan drihtne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs se man gespräc.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1400">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1400">1400</a><div class="line">&THORN;â wäs Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hors gebæted,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1401"></a>wicg wunden-feax.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wîsa fengel</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1402">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1402"></a>geatolîc gengde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gum-fê&eth;a stôp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1403"></a>lind-häbbendra.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lâstas wæron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1404"></a>äfter wald-swa&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde gesýne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1405">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1405">1405</a><div class="line">gang ofer grundas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegnum fôr <i>&thorn;â</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1406"></a>ofer myrcan môr,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mago-&thorn;egna bär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1407"></a>&thorn;one sêlestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâwol-leásne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1408"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e mid Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâm eahtode.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1409"></a>Ofer-eode &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;elinga bearn</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1410">1410</a><div class="line">steáp stân-hli&eth;o,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stîge nearwe,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1411">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1411"></a>enge ân-pa&eth;as,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;un-cû&eth; gelâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1412"></a>neowle nässas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nicor-hûsa fela;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1413"></a>he feára sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beforan gengde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1414"></a>wîsra monna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wong sceáwian,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1415">1415</a><div class="line">ô&eth; &thorn;ät he færinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrgen-beámas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1416"></a>ofer hârne stân&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hleonian funde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1417"></a>wyn-leásne wudu;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäter under stôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1418"></a>dreórig and gedrêfed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denum eallum wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1419"></a>winum Scyldinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorce on môde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1420">1420</a><div class="line">tô ge&thorn;olianne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egne monegum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1421">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1421"></a>oncý&eth; eorla gehwæm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Äsc-heres</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1422"></a>on &thorn;am holm-clife&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hafelan mêtton.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1423"></a>Flôd blôde weól&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(folc tô sægon)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1424"></a>hâtan heolfre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Horn stundum song</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1425">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1425">1425</a><div class="line">fûslîc <i>fyrd</i>-leó&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fê&eth;a eal gesät;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1426"></a>gesâwon &thorn;â äfter wätere&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrm-cynnes fela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1427"></a>sellîce sæ-dracan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sund cunnian,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1428">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1428"></a>swylce on näs-hleo&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nicras licgean,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1429"></a>&thorn;â on undern-mæl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft bewitiga&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1430">1430</a><div class="line">sorh-fulne sî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on segl-râde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1431"></a>wyrmas and wil-deór;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hie on weg hruron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1432"></a>bitere and gebolgne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearhtm ongeâton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1433"></a>gû&eth;-horn galan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sumne Geáta leód</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1434"></a>of flân-bogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feores getwæfde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1435">1435</a><div class="line">ý&eth;-gewinnes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät him on aldre stôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1436"></a>here-stræl hearda;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he on holme wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1437"></a>sundes &thorn;e sænra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e hyne swylt fornam.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1438"></a>Hrä&eth;e wear&eth; on ý&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid eofer-spreótum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1439"></a>heoro-hôcyhtum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hearde genearwod,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1440">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1440">1440</a><div class="line">nî&eth;a genæged&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on näs togen</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1441">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1441"></a>wundorlîc wæg-bora;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weras sceáwedon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1442"></a>gryrelîcne gist.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gyrede hine Beówulf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1443"></a>eorl-gewædum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles for ealdre mearn:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1444"></a>scolde here-byrne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hondum gebroden,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1445">1445</a><div class="line">sîd and searo-fâh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sund cunnian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1446"></a>seó &thorn;e bân-côfan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorgan cû&eth;e,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1447">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1447"></a>&thorn;ät him hilde-grâp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hre&eth;re ne mihte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1448"></a>eorres inwit-feng,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;aldre gesce&eth;&eth;an;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1449"></a>ac se hwîta helm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hafelan werede,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1450">1450</a><div class="line">se &thorn;e mere-grundas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mengan scolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1451"></a>sêcan sund-gebland&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;since geweor&eth;ad,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1452"></a>befongen freá-wrâsnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hine fyrn-dagum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1453"></a>worhte wæpna smi&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundrum teóde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1454"></a>besette swîn-lîcum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hine sy&eth;&eth;an nô</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1455">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1455">1455</a><div class="line">brond ne beado-mêcas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bîtan ne meahton.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1456"></a>Näs &thorn;ät &thorn;onne mætost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägen-fultuma,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1457">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1457"></a>&thorn;ät him on &thorn;earfe lâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;yle Hrô&eth;gâres;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1458">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1458"></a>wäs &thorn;äm häft-mêce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrunting nama,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1459">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1459"></a>&thorn;ät wäs ân foran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eald-gestreóna;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1460">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1460">1460</a><div class="line">ecg wäs îren&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âter-teárum fâh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1461"></a>âhyrded hea&eth;o-swâte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;næfre hit ät hilde ne swâc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1462"></a>manna ængum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e hit mid mundum bewand,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1463"></a>se &thorn;e gryre-sî&eth;as&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegân dorste,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1464"></a>folc-stede fâra;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs &thorn;ät forma sî&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1465">1465</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät hit ellen-weorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfnan scolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1466"></a>Hûru ne gemunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mago Ecglâfes</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1467">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1467"></a>eafo&eth;es cräftig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he ær gespräc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1468"></a>wîne druncen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he &thorn;äs wæpnes onlâh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1469"></a>sêlran sweord-frecan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;selfa ne dorste</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1470">1470</a><div class="line">under ý&eth;a gewin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;aldre genê&eth;an,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1471"></a>driht-scype dreógan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he dôme forleás,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1472"></a>ellen-mær&eth;um.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wäs &thorn;äm ô&eth;rum swâ,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1473"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an he hine tô gû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegyred häfde.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXIII"></a><h2>XXIII. THE BATTLE WITH THE WATER-DRAKE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1474"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1475">1475</a><div class="line">&quot;ge&thorn;enc nu, se mæra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;maga Healfdenes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1476"></a>&quot;snottra fengel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu ic eom sî&eth;es fûs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1477"></a>&quot;gold-wine gumena,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwät wit geó spræcon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1478"></a>&quot;gif ic ät &thorn;earfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;înre scolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1479"></a>&quot;aldre linnan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;u me â wære</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1480">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1480">1480</a><div class="line">&quot;for&eth;-gewitenum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on fäder stäle;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1481"></a>&quot;wes &thorn;u mund-bora mînum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mago-&thorn;egnum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1482">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1482"></a>&quot;hond-gesellum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif mec hild nime:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1483"></a>&quot;swylce &thorn;u &thorn;â mâdmas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e &thorn;u me sealdest,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1484"></a>&quot;Hrô&eth;gâr leófa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâce onsend.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1485">1485</a><div class="line">&quot;Mäg &thorn;onne on &thorn;äm golde ongitan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta dryhten,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1486"></a>&quot;geseón sunu Hrê&eth;les,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he on &thorn;ät sinc stara&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1487">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1487"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic gum-cystum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôdne funde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1488"></a>&quot;beága bryttan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;breác &thorn;onne môste.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1489"></a>&quot;And &thorn;u Ûnfer&eth; læt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealde lâfe,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1490">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1490">1490</a><div class="line">&quot;wrätlîc wæg-sweord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîd-cû&eth;ne man</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1491"></a>&quot;heard-ecg habban;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic me mid Hruntinge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1492"></a>&quot;dôm gewyrce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e mec deá&eth; nime&eth;.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1493"></a>Äfter &thorn;æm wordum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weder-Geáta leód</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1494"></a>êfste mid elne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalas andsware</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1495">1495</a><div class="line">bîdan wolde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brim-wylm onfêng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1496"></a>hilde-rince.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs hwîl däges,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1497"></a>ær he &thorn;one grund-wong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ongytan mehte.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1498"></a>Sôna &thorn;ät onfunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e flôda begong</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1499"></a>heoro-gîfre beheóld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hund missera,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1500">1500</a><div class="line">grim and grædig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;ær gumena sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1501"></a>äl-wihta eard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ufan cunnode.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1502"></a>Grâp &thorn;â tôgeánes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-rinc gefêng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1503"></a>atolan clommum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;ý ær in gescôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1504"></a>hâlan lîce:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring ûtan ymb-bearh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1505">1505</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät heó &thorn;one fyrd-hom&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;urh-fôn ne mihte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1506"></a>locene leo&eth;o-syrcan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;an fingrum.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1507">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1507"></a>Bär &thorn;â seó brim-wylf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â heó tô botme com,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1508"></a>hringa &thorn;engel&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hofe sînum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1509"></a>swâ he ne mihte nô&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(he &thorn;äs môdig wäs)</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1510">1510</a><div class="line">wæpna gewealdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac hine wundra &thorn;äs fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1511"></a>swencte on sunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-deór monig</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1512"></a>hilde-tuxum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;here-syrcan bräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1513"></a>êhton aglæcan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â se eorl ongeat,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1514">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1514"></a>&thorn;ät he <i>in</i> ni&eth;-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nât-hwylcum wäs,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1515">1515</a><div class="line">&thorn;ær him nænig wäter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wihte ne sce&eth;ede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1516"></a>ne him for hrôf-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrînan ne mehte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1517"></a>fær-gripe flôdes:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fýr-leóht geseah,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1518"></a>blâcne leóman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorhte scînan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1519"></a>Ongeat &thorn;â se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grund-wyrgenne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1520">1520</a><div class="line">mere-wîf mihtig;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägen-ræs forgeaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1521"></a>hilde-bille,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond swenge ne ofteáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1522"></a>&thorn;ät hire on hafelan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-mæl âgôl</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1523"></a>grædig gû&eth;-leó&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â se gist onfand,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1524"></a>&thorn;ät se beado-leóma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bîtan nolde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1525">1525</a><div class="line">aldre sce&eth;&eth;an,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac seó ecg geswâc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1526"></a>&thorn;eódne ät &thorn;earfe:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;olode ær fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1527"></a>hond-gemôta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm oft gescär,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1528"></a>fæges fyrd-hrägl:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs forma sî&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1529"></a>deórum mâ&eth;me,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät his dôm âläg.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1530">1530</a><div class="line">Eft wäs ân-ræd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalas elnes lät,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1531"></a>mær&eth;a gemyndig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæg Hygelâces;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1532"></a>wearp &thorn;â wunden-mæl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wrättum gebunden</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1533"></a>yrre oretta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hit on eor&eth;an läg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1534"></a>stî&eth; and stýl-ecg;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;strenge getrûwode,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1535">1535</a><div class="line">mund-gripe mägenes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swâ sceal man dôn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1536"></a>&thorn;onne he ät gû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegân &thorn;ence&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1537"></a>longsumne lof,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nâ ymb his lîf ceara&eth;.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1538">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1538"></a>Gefêng &thorn;â be eaxle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(nalas for fæh&eth;e mearn)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1539"></a>Gû&eth;-Geáta leód&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendles môdor;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1540">1540</a><div class="line">brägd &thorn;â beadwe heard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he gebolgen wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1541"></a>feorh-genî&eth;lan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät heó on flet gebeáh.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1542"></a>Heó him eft hra&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and-leán forgeald</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1543">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1543"></a>grimman grâpum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and him tôgeánes fêng;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1544"></a>oferwearp &thorn;â wêrig-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgena strengest,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1545">1545</a><div class="line">fê&eth;e-cempa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he on fylle wear&eth;.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1546">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1546"></a>Ofsät &thorn;â &thorn;one sele-gyst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hyre seaxe geteáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1547"></a>brâd <i>and</i> brûn-ecg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde hire bearn wrecan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1548"></a>ângan eaferan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him on eaxle läg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1549"></a>breóst-net broden;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät gebearh feore,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1550">1550</a><div class="line">wi&eth; ord and wi&eth; ecge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ingang forstôd.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1551"></a>Häfde &thorn;â forsî&eth;od&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ecg&thorn;eówes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1552"></a>under gynne grund,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta cempa,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1553"></a>nemne him hea&eth;o-byrne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helpe gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1554"></a>here-net hearde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hâlig god</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1555">1555</a><div class="line">geweóld wîg-sigor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;witig drihten;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1556"></a>rodera rædend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hit on ryht gescêd,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1557">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1557"></a>ý&eth;elîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an he eft âstôd.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXIV"></a><h2>XXIV. BEÓWULF SLAYS THE SPRITE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1558"></a>Geseah &thorn;â on searwum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sige-eádig bil,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1559"></a>eald sweord eotenisc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ecgum &thorn;yhtig,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1560">1560</a><div class="line">wîgena weor&eth;-mynd:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät <i>wäs</i> wæpna cyst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1561"></a>bûton hit wäs mâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne ænig mon ô&eth;er</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1562"></a>tô beadu-lâce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ätberan meahte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1563"></a>gôd and geatolîc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;giganta geweorc.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1564"></a>He gefêng &thorn;â fetel-hilt,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freca Scildinga,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1565">1565</a><div class="line">hreóh and heoro-grim&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-mæl gebrägd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1566"></a>aldres orwêna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;yrringa slôh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1567"></a>&thorn;ät hire wi&eth; halse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heard grâpode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1568"></a>bân-hringas bräc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bil eal &thorn;urh-wôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1569"></a>fægne flæsc-homan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heó on flet gecrong;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1570">1570</a><div class="line">sweord wäs swâtig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secg weorce gefeh.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1571"></a>Lixte se leóma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóht inne stôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1572"></a>efne swâ of hefene&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâdre scîne&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1573"></a>rodores candel.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He äfter recede wlât,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1574"></a>hwearf &thorn;â be wealle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wæpen hafenade</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1575">1575</a><div class="line">heard be hiltum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâces &thorn;egn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1576"></a>yrre and ân-ræd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs seó ecg fracod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1577"></a>hilde-rince,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he hra&eth;e wolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1578"></a>Grendle forgyldan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-ræsa fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1579"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e he geworhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô West-Denum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1580">1580</a><div class="line">oftor micle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne on ænne sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1581"></a>&thorn;onne he Hrô&eth;gâres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heor&eth;-geneátas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1582"></a>slôh on sweofote,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;slæpende frät</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1583"></a>folces Denigea&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fýf-tyne men</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1584">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1584"></a>and ô&eth;er swylc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ût of-ferede,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1585">1585</a><div class="line">lâ&eth;lîcu lâc.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He him &thorn;äs leán forgeald,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1586"></a>rê&eth;e cempa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e he on räste geseah</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1587"></a>gû&eth;-wêrigne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendel licgan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1588"></a>aldor-leásne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him ær gescôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1589"></a>hild ät Heorote;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrâ wîde sprong,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1590">1590</a><div class="line">sy&eth;&eth;an he äfter deá&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;drepe &thorn;rowade,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1591"></a>heoro-sweng heardne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hine &thorn;â heáfde becearf,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1592">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1592"></a>Sôna &thorn;ät gesâwon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snottre ceorlas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1593"></a>&thorn;â &thorn;e mid Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on holm wliton,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1594"></a>&thorn;ät wäs ý&eth;-geblond&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eal gemenged,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1595">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1595">1595</a><div class="line">brim blôde fâh:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blonden-feaxe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1596"></a>gomele ymb gôdne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ongeador spræcon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1597"></a>&thorn;ät hig &thorn;äs ä&eth;elinges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft ne wêndon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1598"></a>&thorn;ät he sige-hrê&eth;ig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean côme</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1599">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1599"></a>mærne &thorn;eóden;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â &thorn;äs monige gewear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1600">1600</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät hine seó brim-wylf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âbroten häfde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1601"></a>&THORN;â com nôn däges.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs ofgeâfon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1602"></a>hwate Scyldingas; gewât him hâm &thorn;onon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1603"></a>gold-wine gumena.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gistas sêtan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1604"></a>môdes seóce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on mere staredon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1605">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1605">1605</a><div class="line">wiston and ne wêndon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie heora wine-drihten</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1606"></a>selfne gesâwon.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â &thorn;ät sweord ongan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1607">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1607"></a>äfter hea&eth;o-swâte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-gicelum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1608"></a>wîg-bil wanian;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs wundra sum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1609"></a>&thorn;ät hit eal gemealt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îse gelîcost,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1610">1610</a><div class="line">&thorn;onne forstes bend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäder onlæte&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1611">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1611"></a>onwinde&eth; wäl-râpas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e geweald hafa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1612"></a>sæla and mæla;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät is sô&eth; metod.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1613"></a>Ne nom he in &thorn;æm wîcum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weder-Geáta leód,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1614"></a>mâ&eth;m-æhta mâ,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;êh he &thorn;ær monige geseah,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1615">1615</a><div class="line">bûton &thorn;one hafelan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;â hilt somod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1616"></a>since fâge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweord ær gemealt,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1617"></a>forbarn broden mæl:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;ät blôd tô &thorn;äs hât,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1618"></a>ættren ellor-gæst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;ær inne swealt.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1619"></a>Sôna wäs on sunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e ær ät säcce gebâd</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1620">1620</a><div class="line">wîg-hryre wrâ&eth;ra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäter up &thorn;urh-deáf;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1621"></a>wæron ý&eth;-gebland&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eal gefælsod,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1622">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1622"></a>eácne eardas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â se ellor-gâst</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1623"></a>oflêt lîf-dagas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;âs lænan gesceaft.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1624"></a>Com &thorn;â tô lande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lid-manna helm</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1625">1625</a><div class="line">swî&eth;-môd swymman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-lâce gefeah,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1626"></a>mägen-byr&eth;enne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e he him mid häfde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1627"></a>Eodon him &thorn;â tôgeánes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gode &thorn;ancodon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1628"></a>&thorn;ry&eth;lîc &thorn;egna heáp,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eódnes gefêgon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1629"></a>&thorn;äs &thorn;e hi hyne gesundne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón môston.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1630">1630</a><div class="line">&THORN;â wäs of &thorn;äm hrôran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm and byrne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1631"></a>lungre âlýsed:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lagu drusade,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1632"></a>wäter under wolcnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-dreóre fâg.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1633"></a>Fêrdon for&eth; &thorn;onon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fê&eth;e-lâstum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1634"></a>ferh&eth;um fägne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fold-weg mæton,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1635">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1635">1635</a><div class="line">cû&eth;e stræte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cyning-balde men</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1636"></a>from &thorn;äm holm-clife&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hafelan bæron</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1637"></a>earfo&eth;lîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heora æghwä&eth;rum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1638"></a>fela-môdigra:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feówer scoldon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1639"></a>on &eth;äm wäl-stenge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorcum geferian</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1640">1640</a><div class="line">tô &thorn;äm gold-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendles heáfod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1641"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät semninga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô sele cômon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1642"></a>frome fyrd-hwate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feówer-tyne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1643"></a>Geáta gongan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gum-dryhten mid</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1644"></a>môdig on gemonge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;meodo-wongas träd.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1645">1645</a><div class="line">&THORN;â com in gân&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdor &thorn;egna,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1646"></a>dæd-cêne mon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dôme gewur&eth;ad,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1647"></a>häle hilde-deór.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr grêtan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1648"></a>&THORN;â wäs be feaxe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on flet boren</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1649"></a>Grendles heáfod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær guman druncon,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1650">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1650">1650</a><div class="line">egeslîc for eorlum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ære idese mid:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1651">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1651"></a>wlite-seón wrätlîc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weras onsâwon.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXV"></a><h2>XXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE: HE DISCOURSES.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1652"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1653"></a>&quot;Hwät! we &thorn;e &thorn;âs sæ-lâc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Healfdenes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1654"></a>&quot;leód Scyldinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lustum brôhton,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1655">1655</a><div class="line">&quot;tîres tô tâcne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e &thorn;u her tô lôcast.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1656"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;ät unsôfte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre gedîgde:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1657">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1657"></a>&quot;wîge under wätere&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorc genê&eth;de</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1658"></a>&quot;earfo&eth;lîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät-rihte wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1659"></a>&quot;gû&eth; getwæfed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nym&eth;e mec god scylde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1660">1660</a><div class="line">&quot;Ne meahte ic ät hilde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid Hruntinge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1661"></a>&quot;wiht gewyrcan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;ät wæpen duge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1662"></a>&quot;ac me geû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ylda waldend,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1663"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic on wage geseah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wlitig hangian</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1664">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1664"></a>&quot;eald sweord eácen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(oftost wîsode</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1665">1665</a><div class="line">&quot;winigea leásum)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic &thorn;ý wæpne gebräd.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1666"></a>&quot;Ofslôh &thorn;â ät &thorn;ære säcce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(&thorn;â me sæl âgeald)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1667"></a>&quot;hûses hyrdas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â &thorn;ät hilde-bil</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1668"></a>&quot;forbarn, brogden mæl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;ät blôd gesprang,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1669"></a>&quot;hâtost hea&eth;o-swâta:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;ät hilt &thorn;anan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1670">1670</a><div class="line">&quot;feóndum ätferede;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyren-dæda wräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1671"></a>&quot;deá&eth;-cwealm Denigea,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hit gedêfe wäs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1672"></a>&quot;Ic hit &thorn;e &thorn;onne gehâte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;u on Heorote môst</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1673"></a>&quot;sorh-leás swefan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid &thorn;înra secga gedryht,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1674"></a>&quot;and &thorn;egna gehwylc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;înra leóda,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1675">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1675">1675</a><div class="line">&quot;dugu&eth;e and iogo&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;u him ondrædan ne &thorn;earft,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1676"></a>&quot;&thorn;eóden Scyldinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on &thorn;â healfe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1677"></a>&quot;aldor-bealu eorlum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ &thorn;u ær dydest.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1678"></a>&THORN;â wäs gylden hilt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gamelum rince.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1679"></a>hârum hild-fruman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on hand gyfen,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1680">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1680">1680</a><div class="line">enta ær-geweorc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hit on æht gehwearf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1681"></a>äfter deófla hryre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denigea freán,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1682"></a>wundor-smi&eth;a geweorc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;â &thorn;âs worold ofgeaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1683"></a>grom-heort guma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;godes andsaca,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1684"></a>mor&eth;res scyldig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his môdor eác;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1685">1685</a><div class="line">on geweald gehwearf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worold-cyninga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1686"></a>&thorn;äm sêlestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be sæm tweónum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1687">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1687"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e on Sceden-igge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sceattas dælde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1688"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hylt sceáwode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1689"></a>ealde lâfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on &thorn;äm wäs ôr writen</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1690">1690</a><div class="line">fyrn-gewinnes:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an flôd ofslôh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1691"></a>gifen geótende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;giganta cyn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1692"></a>frêcne gefêrdon:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs fremde &thorn;eód</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1693"></a>êcean dryhtne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him &thorn;äs ende-leán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1694"></a>&thorn;urh wäteres wylm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;waldend sealde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1695">1695</a><div class="line">Swâ wäs on &thorn;æm scennum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scîran goldes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1696"></a>&thorn;urh rûn-stafas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rihte gemearcod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1697"></a>geseted and gesæd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwâm &thorn;ät sweord geworht,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1698"></a>îrena cyst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ærest wære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1699"></a>wreo&eth;en-hilt and wyrm-fâh.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â se wîsa spräc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1700">1700</a><div class="line">sunu Healfdenes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(swîgedon ealle):</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1701"></a>&quot;&THORN;ät lâ mäg secgan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e sô&eth; and riht</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1702"></a>&quot;freme&eth; on folce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(feor eal gemon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1703">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1703"></a>&quot;eald ê&eth;el-weard),&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;es eorl wære</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1704"></a>&quot;geboren betera!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Blæd is âræred</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1705">1705</a><div class="line">&quot;geond wîd-wegas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine mîn Beówulf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1706"></a>&quot;&thorn;în ofer &thorn;eóda gehwylce.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eal &thorn;u hit ge&thorn;yldum healdest,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1707"></a>&quot;mägen mid môdes snyttrum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;e sceal mîne gelæstan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1708"></a>&quot;freóde, swâ wit fur&eth;um spræcon;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;u scealt tô frôfre weor&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1709"></a>&quot;eal lang-twidig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leódum &thorn;înum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1710">1710</a><div class="line">&quot;häle&eth;um tô helpe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wear&eth; Heremôd swâ</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1711"></a>&quot;eaforum Ecgwelan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Âr-Scyldingum;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1712"></a>&quot;ne geweôx he him tô willan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac tô wäl-fealle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1713"></a>&quot;and tô deá&eth;-cwalum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deniga leódum;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1714"></a>&quot;breát bolgen-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beód-geneátas,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1715">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1715">1715</a><div class="line">&quot;eaxl-gesteallan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät he âna hwearf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1716"></a>&quot;mære &thorn;eóden.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mon-dreámum from:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1717"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hine mihtig god&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägenes wynnum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1718"></a>&quot;eafe&eth;um stêpte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer ealle men</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1719"></a>&quot;for&eth; gefremede,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwä&eth;ere him on ferh&eth;e greów</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1720">1720</a><div class="line">&quot;breóst-hord blôd-reów:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nallas beágas geaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1721"></a>&quot;Denum äfter dôme;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dreám-leás gebâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1722"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he &thorn;äs gewinnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorc &thorn;rowade,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1723">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1723"></a>&quot;leód-bealo longsum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;u &thorn;e lær be &thorn;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1724"></a>&quot;gum-cyste ongit!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;is gid be &thorn;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1725">1725</a><div class="line">&quot;âwräc wintrum frôd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wundor is tô secganne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1726"></a>&quot;hû mihtig god&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manna cynne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1727"></a>&quot;&thorn;urh sîdne sefan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snyttru brytta&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1728"></a>&quot;eard and eorl-scipe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he âh ealra geweald.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1729">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1729"></a>&quot;Hwîlum he on lufan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;læte&eth; hworfan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1730">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1730">1730</a><div class="line">&quot;monnes môd-ge&thorn;onc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæran cynnes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1731"></a>&quot;sele&eth; him on ê&eth;le&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;an wynne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1732"></a>&quot;tô healdanne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hleó-burh wera,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1733"></a>&quot;gedê&eth; him swâ gewealdene&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worolde dælas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1734"></a>&quot;sîde rîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he his selfa ne mäg</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1735">1735</a><div class="line">&quot;for his un-snyttrum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende ge&thorn;encean;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1736"></a>&quot;wuna&eth; he on wiste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô hine wiht dwele&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1737"></a>&quot;âdl ne yldo,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne him inwit-sorh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1738"></a>&quot;on sefan sweorce&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne gesacu ôhwær,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1739"></a>&quot;ecg-hete eówe&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac him eal worold</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1740">1740</a><div class="line">&quot;wende&eth; on willan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;ät wyrse ne con,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1741">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1741"></a>&quot;ô&eth; &thorn;ät him on innan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer-hygda dæl</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1742"></a>&quot;weaxe&eth; and wrida&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne se weard swefe&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1743"></a>&quot;sâwele hyrde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bi&eth; se slæp tô fäst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1744"></a>&quot;bisgum gebunden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bona swî&eth;e neáh,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1745">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1745">1745</a><div class="line">&quot;se &thorn;e of flân-bogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrenum sceóte&eth;.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXVI"></a><h2>XXVI. THE DISCOURSE IS ENDED.&mdash;BEÓWULF PREPARES TO LEAVE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1746"></a>&quot;&THORN;onne bi&eth; on hre&eth;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under helm drepen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1747"></a>&quot;biteran stræle:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him bebeorgan ne con</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1748">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1748"></a>&quot;wom wundor-bebodum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wergan gâstes;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1749"></a>&quot;&thorn;ince&eth; him tô lytel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he tô lange heóld,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1750">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1750">1750</a><div class="line">&quot;gýtsa&eth; grom-hydig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nallas on gylp sele&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1751"></a>&quot;fätte beágas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and he &thorn;â for&eth;-gesceaft</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1752"></a>&quot;forgyte&eth; and forgýme&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;e him ær god sealde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1753"></a>&quot;wuldres waldend,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weor&eth;-mynda dæl.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1754"></a>&quot;Hit on ende-stäf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft gelimpe&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1755">1755</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät se lîc-homa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;læne gedreóse&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1756"></a>&quot;fæge gefealle&eth;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fêh&eth; ô&eth;er tô,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1757"></a>&quot;se &thorn;e unmurnlîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâdmas dæle&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1758"></a>&quot;eorles ær-gestreón,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;egesan ne gýme&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1759"></a>&quot;Bebeorh &thorn;e &thorn;one bealo-nî&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beówulf leófa,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1760">1760</a><div class="line">&quot;secg <i>se</i> betsta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;e &thorn;ät sêlre geceós,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1761"></a>&quot;êce rædas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oferhyda ne gým,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1762"></a>&quot;mære cempa!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu is &thorn;înes mägnes blæd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1763"></a>&quot;âne hwîle;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft sôna bi&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1764"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;ec âdl o&eth;&eth;e ecg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eafo&eth;es getwæfe&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1765">1765</a><div class="line">&quot;o&eth;&eth;e fýres feng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e flôdes wylm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1766"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e gripe mêces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e gâres fliht,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1767">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1767"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e atol yldo,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e eágena bearhtm</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1768"></a>&quot;forsite&eth; and forsworce&eth;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;semninga bi&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1769"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;ec, dryht-guma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth; oferswý&eth;e&eth;.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1770">1770</a><div class="line">&quot;Swâ ic Hring-Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hund missera</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1771"></a>&quot;weóld under wolcnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and hig wîge beleác</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1772"></a>&quot;manigum mæg&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geond &thorn;ysne middan-geard,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1773"></a>&quot;äscum and ecgum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic me ænigne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1774"></a>&quot;under swegles begong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gesacan ne tealde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1775">1775</a><div class="line">&quot;Hwät! me &thorn;äs on ê&eth;le&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edwenden cwom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1776"></a>&quot;gyrn äfter gomene,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seo&eth;&eth;an Grendel wear&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1777"></a>&quot;eald-gewinna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in-genga mîn:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1778"></a>&quot;ic &thorn;ære sôcne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;singales wäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1779"></a>&quot;môd-ceare micle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;äs sig metode &thorn;anc,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1780">1780</a><div class="line">&quot;êcean drihtne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;e ic on aldre gebâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1781"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic on &thorn;one hafelan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heoro-dreórigne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1782"></a>&quot;ofer eald gewin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eágum starige!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1783"></a>&quot;Gâ nu tô setle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;symbel-wynne dreóh</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1784">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1784"></a>&quot;wîgge weor&eth;ad:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unc sceal worn fela</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1785">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1785">1785</a><div class="line">&quot;mâ&eth;ma gemænra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;si&eth;&eth;an morgen bi&eth;.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1786"></a>Geát wäs gläd-môd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geóng sôna tô,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1787"></a>setles neósan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ se snottra hêht.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1788"></a>&THORN;â wäs eft swâ ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ellen-rôfum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1789"></a>flet-sittendum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fägere gereorded</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1790">1790</a><div class="line">niówan stefne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Niht-helm geswearc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1791"></a>deorc ofer dryht-gumum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dugu&eth; eal ârâs;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1792"></a>wolde blonden-feax&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beddes neósan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1793"></a>gamela Scylding.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geát ungemetes wel,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1794">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1794"></a>rôfne rand-wîgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;restan lyste:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1795">1795</a><div class="line">sôna him sele-&thorn;egn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sî&eth;es wêrgum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1796"></a>feorran-cundum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth; wîsade,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1797"></a>se for andrysnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle beweotede</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1798"></a>&thorn;egnes &thorn;earfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce &thorn;ý dôgore</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1799"></a>heá&eth;o-lî&eth;ende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;habban scoldon.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1800">1800</a><div class="line">Reste hine &thorn;â rûm-heort;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;reced hlifade</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1801"></a>geáp and gold-fâh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gäst inne swäf,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1802">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1802"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät hrefn blaca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heofones wynne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1803">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1803"></a>blî&eth;-heort bodode.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â com beorht <i>sunne</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1804"></a>scacan <i>ofer grundas</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sca&eth;an onetton,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1805">1805</a><div class="line">wæron ä&eth;elingas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft tô leódum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1806"></a>fûse tô farenne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde feor &thorn;anon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1807"></a>cuma collen-ferh&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ceóles neósan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1808">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1808"></a>Hêht &thorn;â se hearda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrunting beran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1809"></a>sunu Ecglâfes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hêht his sweord niman,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1810">1810</a><div class="line">leóflîc îren;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sägde him &thorn;äs leánes &thorn;anc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1811"></a>cwä&eth; he &thorn;one gû&eth;-wine&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôdne tealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1812"></a>wîg-cräftigne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nales wordum lôg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1813"></a>mêces ecge:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs môdig secg.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1814"></a>And &thorn;â sî&eth;-frome&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;searwum gearwe</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1815">1815</a><div class="line">wîgend wæron,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eode weor&eth; Denum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1816"></a>ä&eth;eling tô yppan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær se ô&eth;er wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1817"></a>häle hilde-deór,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr grêtte.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXVII"></a><h2>XXVII. THE PARTING WORDS.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1818"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1819"></a>&quot;Nu we sæ-lî&eth;end&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgan wylla&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1820">1820</a><div class="line">&quot;feorran cumene,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät we fundia&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1821"></a>&quot;Higelâc sêcan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wæron her tela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1822"></a>&quot;willum bewenede;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;u ûs wel dohtest.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1823">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1823"></a>&quot;Gif ic &thorn;onne on eor&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ôwihte mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1824"></a>&quot;&thorn;înre môd-lufan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâran tilian,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1825">1825</a><div class="line">&quot;gumena dryhten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne ic gyt dyde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1826"></a>&quot;gû&eth;-geweorca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic beó gearo sôna.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1827"></a>&quot;Gif ic &thorn;ät gefricge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer flôda begang,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1828"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;ec ymbe-sittend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;egesan &thorn;ýwa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1829"></a>&quot;swâ &thorn;ec hetende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwîlum dydon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1830">1830</a><div class="line">&quot;ic &thorn;e &thorn;ûsenda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egna bringe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1831"></a>&quot;häle&eth;a tô helpe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic on Higelâce wât,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1832">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1832"></a>&quot;Geáta dryhten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he geong sý,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1833"></a>&quot;folces hyrde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he mec fremman wile</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1834"></a>&quot;wordum and worcum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic &thorn;e wel herige,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1835">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1835">1835</a><div class="line">&quot;and &thorn;e tô geóce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gâr-holt bere</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1836"></a>&quot;mägenes fultum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær &thorn;e bi&eth; manna &thorn;earf;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1837"></a>&quot;gif him &thorn;onne Hrê&eth;rîc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hofum Geáta</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1838"></a>&quot;ge&thorn;inge&eth;, &thorn;eódnes bearn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he mäg &thorn;ær fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1839"></a>&quot;freónda findan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feor-cý&eth;&eth;e beó&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1840">1840</a><div class="line">&quot;sêlran gesôhte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äm &thorn;e him selfa deáh.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1841"></a>Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him on andsware:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1842"></a>&quot;&THORN;e &thorn;â word-cwydas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wittig drihten</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1843"></a>&quot;on sefan sende!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne hýrde ic snotorlîcor</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1844"></a>&quot;on swâ geongum feore&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guman &thorn;ingian:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1845">1845</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;u eart mägenes strang&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and on môde frôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1846"></a>&quot;wîs word-cwida.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wên ic talige,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1847"></a>&quot;gif &thorn;ät gegange&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;e gâr nyme&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1848"></a>&quot;hild heoru-grimme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrê&eth;les eaferan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1849"></a>&quot;âdl o&eth;&eth;e îren&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdor &thorn;înne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1850">1850</a><div class="line">&quot;folces hyrde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;u &thorn;în feorh hafast,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1851"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;e Sæ-Geátas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêlran näbben</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1852"></a>&quot;tô geceósenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cyning ænigne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1853"></a>&quot;hord-weard häle&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif &thorn;u healdan wylt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1854"></a>&quot;mâga rîce.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Me &thorn;în môd-sefa</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1855">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1855">1855</a><div class="line">&quot;lîca&eth; leng swâ wel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófa Beówulf:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1856"></a>&quot;hafast &thorn;u gefêred,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;âm folcum sceal,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1857"></a>&quot;Geáta leódum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and Gâr-Denum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1858">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1858"></a>&quot;sib gemænum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and sacu restan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1859"></a>&quot;inwit-nî&eth;as,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e hie ær drugon;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1860">1860</a><div class="line">&quot;wesan, &thorn;enden ic wealde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîdan rîces,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1861"></a>&quot;mâ&eth;mas gemæne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;manig ô&eth;erne</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1862">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1862"></a>&quot;gôdum gegrêtan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer ganotes bä&eth;;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1863">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1863"></a>&quot;sceal hring-naca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer heá&eth;u bringan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1864"></a>&quot;lâc and luf-tâcen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;â leóde wât</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1865">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1865">1865</a><div class="line">&quot;ge wi&eth; feónd ge wi&eth; freónd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäste geworhte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1866"></a>&quot;æghwäs untæle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealde wîsan.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1867"></a>&THORN;â git him eorla hleó&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inne gesealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1868"></a>mago Healfdenes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ&eth;mas twelfe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1869"></a>hêt hine mid &thorn;æm lâcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóde swæse</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1870">1870</a><div class="line">sêcean on gesyntum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snûde eft cuman.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1871"></a>Gecyste &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cyning ä&eth;elum gôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1872"></a>&thorn;eóden Scildinga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egen betstan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1873"></a>and be healse genam;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hruron him teáras,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1874"></a>blonden-feaxum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him wäs bega wên,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1875">1875</a><div class="line">ealdum infrôdum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;res swî&eth;or,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1876">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1876"></a>&thorn;ät hî seo&eth;&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón môston</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1877"></a>môdige on me&eth;le.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wäs him se man tô &thorn;on leóf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1878"></a>&thorn;ät he &thorn;one breóst-wylm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forberan ne mehte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1879"></a>ac him on hre&eth;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyge-bendum fäst</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1880">1880</a><div class="line">äfter deórum men&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dyrne langa&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1881">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1881"></a>beorn wi&eth; blôde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him Beówulf &thorn;anan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1882"></a>gû&eth;-rinc gold-wlanc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gräs-moldan träd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1883"></a>since hrêmig:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-genga bâd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1884"></a>âgend-freán,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e on ancre râd.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1885">1885</a><div class="line">&THORN;â wäs on gange&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gifu Hrô&eth;gâres</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1886"></a>oft geæhted:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs ân cyning</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1887">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1887"></a>æghwäs orleahtre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät hine yldo benam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1888"></a>mägenes wynnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e oft manegum scôd.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXVIII"></a><h2>XXVIII. BEÓWULF RETURNS TO GEATLAND.&mdash;THE QUEENS HYGD AND THRYTHO.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1889"></a>Cwom &thorn;â tô flôde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela-môdigra</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1890">1890</a><div class="line">häg-stealdra <i>heáp</i>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-net bæron,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1891"></a>locene leo&eth;o-syrcan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Land-weard onfand</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1892"></a>eft-sî&eth; eorla,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he ær dyde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1893"></a>nô he mid hearme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of hli&eth;es nosan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1894"></a>gäs<i>tas</i> grêtte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac him tôgeánes râd;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1895">1895</a><div class="line">cwä&eth; &thorn;ät wilcuman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wedera leódum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1896">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1896"></a>scawan scîr-hame&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô scipe fôron.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1897">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1897"></a>&THORN;â wäs on sande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-geáp naca</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1898"></a>hladen here-wædum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringed-stefna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1899"></a>mearum and mâ&eth;mum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mäst hlifade</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1900">1900</a><div class="line">ofer Hrô&eth;gâres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord-gestreónum.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1901"></a>He &thorn;äm bât-wearde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bunden golde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1902"></a>swurd gesealde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he sy&eth;&eth;an wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1903"></a>on meodu-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ&eth;me &thorn;ý weor&eth;ra,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1904">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1904"></a>yrfe-lâfe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gewât him on <i>ý&eth;</i>-nacan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1905">1905</a><div class="line">drêfan deóp wäter,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dena land ofgeaf.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1906"></a>&THORN;â wäs be mäste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mere-hrägla sum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1907"></a>segl sâle fäst.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sund-wudu &thorn;unede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1908"></a>nô &thorn;ær wêg-flotan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wind ofer ý&eth;um</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1909"></a>sî&eth;es getwæfde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-genga fôr,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1910">1910</a><div class="line">fleát fâmig-heals&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth; ofer ý&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1911"></a>bunden-stefna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer brim-streámas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1912"></a>&thorn;ät hie Geáta clifu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ongitan meahton,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1913">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1913"></a>cû&eth;e nässas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ceól up ge&thorn;rang,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1914">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1914"></a>lyft-geswenced&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on lande stôd.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1915">1915</a><div class="line">Hra&eth;e wäs ät holme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hý&eth;-weard gearo,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1916">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1916"></a>se &thorn;e ær lange tîd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófra manna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1917"></a>fûs, ät faro&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feor wlâtode;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1918"></a>sælde tô sande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sîd-fä&eth;me scip</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1919"></a>oncer-bendum fäst,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ý läs hym ý&eth;a &thorn;rym</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1920">1920</a><div class="line">wudu wynsuman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forwrecan meahte.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1921"></a>Hêt &thorn;â up beran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;elinga gestreón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1922"></a>frätwe and fät-gold;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs him feor &thorn;anon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1923"></a>tô gesêcanne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sinces bryttan:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1924">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1924"></a>Higelâc Hrê&eth;ling&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær ät hâm wuna&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1925">1925</a><div class="line">selfa mid gesî&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-wealle neáh;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1926"></a>bold wäs betlîc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brego-rôf cyning,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1927">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1927"></a>heá <i>on</i> healle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hygd swî&eth;e geong,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1928"></a>wîs, wel-&thorn;ungen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e wintra lyt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1929"></a>under burh-locan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gebiden häbbe</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1930">1930</a><div class="line">Häre&eth;es dôhtor:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs hió hnâh swâ &thorn;eáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1931"></a>ne tô gneá&eth; gifa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leódum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1932">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1932"></a>mâ&eth;m-gestreóna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mod &THORN;ry&eth;o wäg,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1933">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1933"></a>fremu folces cwên,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;firen ondrysne:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1934"></a>nænig &thorn;ät dorste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deór genê&eth;an</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1935">1935</a><div class="line">swæsra gesî&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefne sin-freá,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1936">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1936"></a>&thorn;ät hire an däges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eágum starede;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1937"></a>ac him wäl-bende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weotode tealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1938"></a>hand-gewri&eth;ene:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hra&eth;e seo&eth;&eth;an wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1939"></a>äfter mund-gripe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mêce ge&thorn;inged,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1940">1940</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät hit scea&eth;en-mæl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scyran môste,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1941"></a>cwealm-bealu cý&eth;an.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne bi&eth; swylc cwênlîc &thorn;eáw</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1942"></a>idese tô efnanne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hió ænlîcu sý,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1943">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1943"></a>&thorn;ätte freo&eth;u-webbe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feores onsäce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1944"></a>äfter lîge-torne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófne mannan.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1945">1945</a><div class="line">Hûru &thorn;ät onhôhsnode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heminges mæg;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1946"></a>ealo drincende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;er sædan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1947"></a>&thorn;ät hió leód-bealewa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;läs gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1948"></a>inwit-nî&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an ærest wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1949"></a>gyfen gold-hroden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geongum cempan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1950">1950</a><div class="line">ä&eth;elum dióre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an hió Offan flet</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1951"></a>ofer fealone flôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be fäder lâre</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1952"></a>sî&eth;e gesôhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hió sy&eth;&eth;an wel</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1953"></a>in gum-stôle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôde mære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1954"></a>lîf-gesceafta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lifigende breác,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1955">1955</a><div class="line">hióld heáh-lufan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth; häle&eth;a brego,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1956"></a>ealles mon-cynnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gefræge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1957"></a>&thorn;one sêlestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bî sæm tweónum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1958"></a>eormen-cynnes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&thorn;am Offa wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1959"></a>geofum and gû&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gâr-cêne man,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1960">1960</a><div class="line">wîde geweor&eth;od;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîsdôme heóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1961"></a>ê&eth;el sînne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onon Eómær wôc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1962"></a>häle&eth;um tô helpe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heminges mæg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1963"></a>nefa Gârmundes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nî&eth;a cräftig.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXIX"></a><h2>XXIX. HIS ARRIVAL. HYGELAC'S RECEPTION.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li1964"></a>Gewât him &thorn;â se hearda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid his hond-scole</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1965">1965</a><div class="line">sylf äfter sande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-wong tredan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1966">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1966"></a>wîde waro&eth;as.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Woruld-candel scân,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1967"></a>sigel sû&eth;an fûs:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hî sî&eth; drugon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1968"></a>elne geeodon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e eorla hleó,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1969">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1969"></a>bonan Ongen&thorn;eówes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;burgum on innan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1970">1970</a><div class="line">geongne gû&eth;-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôdne gefrunon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1971"></a>hringas dælan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâce wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1972"></a>sî&eth; Beówulfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;snûde gecý&eth;ed,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1973"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;ær on wor&eth;ig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgendra hleó,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1974"></a>lind-gestealla&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lifigende cwom,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1975">1975</a><div class="line">hea&eth;o-lâces hâl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hofe gongan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1976"></a>Hra&eth;e wäs gerýmed,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ se rîca bebeád,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1977"></a>fê&eth;e-gestum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flet innan-weard.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1978"></a>Gesät &thorn;â wi&eth; sylfne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;â säcce genäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1979"></a>mæg wi&eth; mæge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an man-dryhten</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1980">1980</a><div class="line">&thorn;urh hleó&eth;or-cwyde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holdne gegrêtte</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1981">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1981"></a>meaglum wordum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Meodu-scencum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1982">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1982"></a>hwearf geond &thorn;ät reced&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Häre&eth;es dôhtor:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1983"></a>lufode &thorn;â leóde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lî&eth;-wæge bär</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1984">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1984"></a>hælum tô handa.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâc ongan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1985">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li1985">1985</a><div class="line">sînne geseldan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in sele &thorn;am heán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1986"></a>fägre fricgean,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyne fyrwet bräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1987"></a>hwylce Sæ-Geáta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sî&eth;as wæron:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1988"></a>&quot;Hû lomp eów on lâde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófa Biówulf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1989"></a>&quot;&thorn;â &thorn;u færinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorr gehogodest,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1990">1990</a><div class="line">&quot;säcce sêcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofer sealt wäter,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1991"></a>&quot;hilde tô Hiorote?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ac &thorn;u Hrô&eth;gâre</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1992"></a>&quot;wîd-cû&eth;ne weán&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wihte gebêttest,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1993"></a>&quot;mærum &thorn;eódne?&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;äs môd-ceare</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note1994">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li1994"></a>&quot;sorh-wylmum seá&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sî&eth;e ne trûwode</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li1995">1995</a><div class="line">&quot;leófes mannes;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;e lange bäd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1996"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;u &thorn;one wäl-gæst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wihte ne grêtte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1997"></a>&quot;lête Sû&eth;-Dene&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sylfe geweor&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1998"></a>&quot;gû&eth;e wi&eth; Grendel.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gode ic &thorn;anc secge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li1999"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs &thorn;e ic &thorn;e gesundne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseón môste.&quot;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2000">2000</a><div class="line">Biówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;iówes:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2001"></a>&quot;&THORN;ät is undyrne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dryhten Higelâc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2002"></a>&quot;<i>mære</i> gemêting&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;monegum fira,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2003"></a>&quot;hwylc <i>orleg</i>-hwîl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uncer Grendles</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2004"></a>&quot;wear&eth; on &thorn;am wange,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he worna fela</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2005">2005</a><div class="line">&quot;Sige-Scildingum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sorge gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2006"></a>&quot;yrm&eth;e tô aldre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;ät eal gewräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2007"></a>&quot;swâ ne gylpan &thorn;earf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendeles mâga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2008"></a>&quot;<i>ænig</i> ofer eor&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;uht-hlem &thorn;one,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2009"></a>&quot;se &thorn;e lengest leofa&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;an cynnes,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2010">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2010">2010</a><div class="line">&quot;fe<i>nne</i> bifongen.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;ær fur&eth;um cwom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2011"></a>&quot;tô &thorn;am hring-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr grêtan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2012"></a>&quot;sôna me se mæra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mago Healfdenes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2013"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an he môd-sefan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînne cû&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2014"></a>&quot;wi&eth; his sylfes sunu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;setl getæhte.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2015">2015</a><div class="line">&quot;Weorod wäs on wynne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne seah ic wîdan feorh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2016"></a>&quot;under heofenes hwealf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heal-sittendra</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2017"></a>&quot;medu-dreám mâran.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hwîlum mæru cwên,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2018"></a>&quot;fri&eth;u-sibb folca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flet eall geond-hwearf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2019"></a>&quot;bædde byre geonge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft hió beáh-wri&eth;an</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2020">2020</a><div class="line">&quot;secge <i>sealde</i>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær hió tô setle geóng.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2021"></a>&quot;Hwîlum for dugu&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dôhtor Hrô&eth;gâres</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2022">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2022"></a>&quot;eorlum on ende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealu-wæge bär,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2023"></a>&quot;&thorn;â ic Freáware&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flet-sittende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2024"></a>&quot;nemnan hýrde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hió nägled sinc</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2025">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2025">2025</a><div class="line">&quot;häle&eth;um sealde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sió gehâten <i>wäs</i>,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2026"></a>&quot;geong gold-hroden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gladum suna Frôdan;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2027">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2027"></a>&quot;hafa&eth; &thorn;äs geworden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine Scyldinga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2028"></a>&quot;rîces hyrde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ät ræd tala&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2029"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he mid &thorn;ý wîfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-fæh&eth;a dæl,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2030">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2030">2030</a><div class="line">&quot;säcca gesette.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Oft <i>nô</i> seldan hwær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2031"></a>&quot;äfter leód-hryre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lytle hwîle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2032"></a>&quot;bon-gâr bûge&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh seó brýd duge!</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXX"></a><h2>XXX. BEÓWULF'S STORY OF THE SLAYINGS.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2033"></a>&quot;Mäg &thorn;äs &thorn;onne of&thorn;yncan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eóden Hea&eth;obeardna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2034"></a>&quot;and &thorn;egna gehwâm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra leóda,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2035">2035</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;onne he mid fæmnan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on flett gæ&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2036">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2036"></a>&quot;dryht-bearn Dena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dugu&eth;a biwenede:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2037"></a>&quot;on him gladia&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomelra lâfe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2038"></a>&quot;heard and hring-mæl,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hea&eth;obeardna gestreón,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2039"></a>&quot;&thorn;enden hie &thorn;âm wæpnum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wealdan môston,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2040">2040</a><div class="line">&quot;ô&eth; &thorn;ät hie forlæddan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô &thorn;am lind-plegan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2041"></a>&quot;swæse gesî&eth;as&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond hyra sylfra feorh.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2042">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2042"></a>&quot;&THORN;onne cwi&eth; ät beóre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e beáh gesyh&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2043"></a>&quot;eald äsc-wîga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e eall geman</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2044"></a>&quot;gâr-cwealm gumena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(him bi&eth; grim <i>se</i>fa),</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2045">2045</a><div class="line">&quot;onginne&eth; geômor-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geong<i>ne</i> cempan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2046"></a>&quot;&thorn;urh hre&eth;ra gehygd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;higes cunnian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2047"></a>&quot;wîg-bealu weccean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ät word âcwy&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2048"></a>&quot;'Meaht &thorn;u, mîn wine,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mêce gecnâwan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2049"></a>&quot;'&thorn;one &thorn;in fäder&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô gefeohte bär</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2050">2050</a><div class="line">&quot;'under here-grîman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hindeman sî&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2051"></a>&quot;'dýre îren,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hyne Dene slôgon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2052"></a>&quot;'weóldon wäl-stôwe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an wi&eth;er-gyld läg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2053"></a>&quot;'äfter häle&eth;a hryre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwate Scyldungas?</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2054"></a>&quot;'Nu her &thorn;âra banena&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byre nât-hwylces,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2055">2055</a><div class="line">&quot;'frätwum hrêmig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on flet gæ&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2056"></a>&quot;'mor&eth;res gylpe&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;one mâ&eth;&eth;um byre&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2057"></a>&quot;'&thorn;one &thorn;e &thorn;u mid rihte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rædan sceoldest!'&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2058"></a>&quot;Mana&eth; swâ and myndga&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæla gehwylce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2059"></a>&quot;sârum wordum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät sæl cyme&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2060">2060</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät se fæmnan &thorn;egn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fore fäder dædum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2061"></a>&quot;äfter billes bite&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blôd-fâg swefe&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2062"></a>&quot;ealdres scyldig;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him se ô&eth;er &thorn;onan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2063">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2063"></a>&quot;losa&eth; <i>li</i>figende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;con him land geare.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2064"></a>&quot;&THORN;onne bió&eth; brocene&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on bâ healfe</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2065">2065</a><div class="line">&quot;â&eth;-sweord eorla;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>sy&eth;</i>&eth;an Ingelde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2066"></a>&quot;wealla&eth; wäl-nî&eth;as&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and him wîf-lufan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2067"></a>&quot;äfter cear-wälmum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;côlran weor&eth;a&eth;.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2068">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2068"></a>&quot;&THORN;ý ic Hea&eth;obeardna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyldo ne telge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2069"></a>&quot;dryht-sibbe dæl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denum unfæcne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2070">2070</a><div class="line">&quot;freónd-scipe fästne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic sceal for&eth; sprecan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2071"></a>&quot;gen ymbe Grendel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;u geare cunne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2072"></a>&quot;sinces brytta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hwan sy&eth;&eth;an wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2073"></a>&quot;hond-ræs häle&eth;a.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sy&eth;&eth;an heofones gim</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2074"></a>&quot;glâd ofer grundas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gäst yrre cwom,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2075">2075</a><div class="line">&quot;eatol æfen-grom,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ûser neósan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2076"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær we gesunde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;säl weardodon;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2077"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær wäs Hondsció&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hild onsæge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2078"></a>&quot;feorh-bealu fægum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he fyrmest läg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2079"></a>&quot;gyrded cempa;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him Grendel wear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2080">2080</a><div class="line">&quot;mærum magu-&thorn;egne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô mû&eth;-bonan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2081"></a>&quot;leófes mannes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîc eall forswealg.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2082"></a>&quot;Nô &thorn;ý ær ût &thorn;â gen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îdel-hende</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2083"></a>&quot;bona blôdig-tô&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bealewa gemyndig,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2084"></a>&quot;of &thorn;am gold-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gongan wolde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2085">2085</a><div class="line">&quot;ac he mägnes rôf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîn costode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2086"></a>&quot;grâpode gearo-folm.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Glôf hangode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2087"></a>&quot;sîd and syllîc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;searo-bendum fäst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2088"></a>&quot;sió wäs or&thorn;oncum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eall gegyrwed</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2089"></a>&quot;deófles cräftum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and dracan fellum:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2090">2090</a><div class="line">&quot;he mec &thorn;ær on innan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsynnigne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2091"></a>&quot;diór dæd-fruma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gedôn wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2092"></a>&quot;manigra sumne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyt ne mihte swâ,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2093"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an ic on yrre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;upp-riht âstôd.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2094"></a>&quot;Tô lang ys tô reccenne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hû ic &thorn;am leód-scea&eth;an</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2095">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2095">2095</a><div class="line">&quot;yfla gehwylces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond-leán forgeald;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2096"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær ic, &thorn;eóden mîn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;îne leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2097"></a>&quot;weor&eth;ode weorcum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He on weg losade,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2098"></a>&quot;lytle hwîle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîf-wynna breác;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2099"></a>&quot;hwä&eth;re him sió swî&eth;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swa&eth;e weardade</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2100">2100</a><div class="line">&quot;hand on Hiorte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and he heán &thorn;onan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2101"></a>&quot;môdes geômor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mere-grund gefeóll.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2102"></a>&quot;Me &thorn;one wäl-ræs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wine Scildunga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2103"></a>&quot;fättan golde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela leánode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2104"></a>&quot;manegum mâ&eth;mum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an mergen com</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2105">2105</a><div class="line">&quot;and we tô symble&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseten häfdon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2106"></a>&quot;&THORN;ær wäs gidd and gleó;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomela Scilding</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2107"></a>&quot;fela fricgende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorran rehte;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2108"></a>&quot;hwîlum hilde-deór&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hearpan wynne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2109"></a>&quot;gomen-wudu grêtte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwîlum gyd âwräc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2110">2110</a><div class="line">&quot;sô&eth; and sârlîc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwîlum syllîc spell</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2111"></a>&quot;rehte äfter rihte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rûm-heort cyning.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2112"></a>&quot;Hwîlum eft ongan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eldo gebunden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2113"></a>&quot;gomel gû&eth;-wîga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;giogu&eth;e cwî&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2114"></a>&quot;hilde-strengo;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hre&eth;er inne weóll,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2115">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2115">2115</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;onne he wintrum frôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worn gemunde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2116"></a>&quot;Swâ we &thorn;ær inne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;andlangne däg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2117"></a>&quot;nióde nâman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät niht becwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2118"></a>&quot;ô&eth;er tô yldum.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs eft hra&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2119"></a>&quot;gearo gyrn-wräce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendeles môdor,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2120">2120</a><div class="line">&quot;sî&eth;ode sorh-full;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu deá&eth; fornam,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2121"></a>&quot;wîg-hete Wedra.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wîf unhýre</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2122"></a>&quot;hyre bearn gewräc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorn âcwealde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2123"></a>&quot;ellenlîce;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær wäs Äsc-here,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2124"></a>&quot;frôdan fyrn-witan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh û&eth;genge;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2125">2125</a><div class="line">&quot;nô&eth;er hy hine ne môston,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an mergen cwom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2126"></a>&quot;deá&eth;-wêrigne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Denia leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2127"></a>&quot;bronde forbärnan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne on bæl hladan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2128">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2128"></a>&quot;leófne mannan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hió &thorn;ät lîc ätbär</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2129">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2129"></a>&quot;feóndes fä&eth;<i>mum</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>un</i>der firgen-streám.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2130">2130</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;ät wäs Hrô&eth;gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hreówa tornost</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2131"></a>&quot;&thorn;âra &thorn;e leód-fruman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lange begeâte;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2132">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2132"></a>&quot;&thorn;â se &thorn;eóden mec&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;îne lîfe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2133"></a>&quot;healsode hreóh-môd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic on holma ge&thorn;ring</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2134"></a>&quot;eorl-scipe efnde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre genê&eth;de,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2135">2135</a><div class="line">&quot;mær&eth;o fremede:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he me mêde gehêt.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2136"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;â &thorn;äs wälmes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e is wîde cû&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2137"></a>&quot;grimne gryrelîcne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grund-hyrde fond.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2138"></a>&quot;&THORN;ær unc hwîle wäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hand gemæne;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2139"></a>&quot;holm heolfre weóll&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and ic heáfde becearf</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2140">2140</a><div class="line">&quot;in &thorn;am <i>grund</i>-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendeles môdor</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2141"></a>&quot;eácnum ecgum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unsôfte &thorn;onan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2142"></a>&quot;feorh ô&eth;ferede;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs ic fæge &thorn;â gyt,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2143"></a>&quot;ac me eorla hleó&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft gesealde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2144"></a>&quot;mâ&eth;ma menigeo,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;maga Healfdenes.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXI"></a><h2>XXXI. HE GIVES PRESENTS TO HYGELAC. HYGELAC REWARDS HIM. HYGELAC'S DEATH. BEÓWULF REIGNS.</h2>
+
+<a class="lineno" name="li2145">2145</a><div class="line">&quot;Swâ se &thorn;eód-kyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáwum lyfde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2146"></a>&quot;nealles ic &thorn;âm leánum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forloren häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2147"></a>&quot;mägnes mêde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he me <i>mâ&eth;m</i>as geaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2148"></a>&quot;sunu Healfdenes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on <i>sîn</i>ne sylfes dôm;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2149"></a>&quot;&thorn;â ic &thorn;e, beorn-cyning,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bringan wylle,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2150">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2150">2150</a><div class="line">&quot;êstum geýwan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gen is eall ät &thorn;e</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2151">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2151"></a>&quot;lissa gelong:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic lyt hafo</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2152"></a>&quot;heáfod-mâga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefne Hygelâc &thorn;ec!&quot;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2153">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2153"></a>Hêt &thorn;â in beran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eafor, heáfod-segn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2154"></a>hea&eth;o-steápne helm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâre byrnan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2155">2155</a><div class="line">gû&eth;-sweord geatolîc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyd äfter wräc:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2156"></a>&quot;Me &thorn;is hilde-sceorp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrô&eth;gâr sealde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2157">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2157"></a>&quot;snotra fengel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sume worde hêt,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2158">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2158"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic his ærest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e eft gesägde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2159"></a>&quot;cwä&eth; &thorn;ät hyt häfde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hiorogâr cyning,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2160">2160</a><div class="line">&quot;leód Scyldunga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lange hwîle:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2161"></a>&quot;nô &thorn;ý ær suna sînum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;syllan wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2162"></a>&quot;hwatum Heorowearde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh he him hold wære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2163"></a>&quot;breóst-gewædu.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Brûc ealles well!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2164"></a>Hýrde ic &thorn;ät &thorn;âm frätwum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feówer mearas</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2165">2165</a><div class="line">lungre gelîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâst weardode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2166"></a>äppel-fealuwe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he him êst geteáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2167"></a>meara and mâ&eth;ma.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swâ sceal mæg dôn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2168"></a>nealles inwit-net&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;rum bregdan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2169"></a>dyrnum cräfte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth; rên<i>ian</i></div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2170">2170</a><div class="line">hond-gesteallan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hygelâce wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2171"></a>nî&eth;a heardum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefa swý&eth;e hold</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2172"></a>and gehwä&eth;er ô&eth;rum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrô&eth;ra gemyndig.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2173"></a>Hýrde ic &thorn;ät he &thorn;one heals-beáh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hygde gesealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2174"></a>wrätlîcne wundur-mâ&eth;&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one &thorn;e him Wealh&thorn;eó geaf,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2175">2175</a><div class="line">&thorn;eódnes dôhtor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;rió wicg somod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2176"></a>swancor and sadol-beorht;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyre sy&eth;&eth;an wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2177"></a>äfter beáh-&thorn;ege&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;breóst geweor&eth;od.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2178"></a>Swâ bealdode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2179"></a>guma gû&eth;um cû&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôdum dædum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2180">2180</a><div class="line">dreáh äfter dôme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nealles druncne slôg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2181"></a>heor&eth;-geneátas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs him hreóh sefa,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2182"></a>ac he man-cynnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæste cräfte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2183"></a>gin-fästan gife,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e him god sealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2184"></a>heóld hilde-deór.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Heán wäs lange,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2185">2185</a><div class="line">swâ hyne Geáta bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôdne ne tealdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2186"></a>ne hyne on medo-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;micles wyr&eth;ne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2187"></a>drihten wereda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gedôn wolde;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2188">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2188"></a>swý&eth;e <i>oft</i> <i>säg</i>don,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he sleac wære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2189"></a>ä&eth;eling unfrom:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;edwenden cwom</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2190">2190</a><div class="line">tîr-eádigum menn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;torna gehwylces.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2191"></a>Hêt &thorn;â eorla hleó&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in gefetian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2192"></a>hea&eth;o-rôf cyning,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrê&eth;les lâfe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2193"></a>golde gegyrede;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs mid Geátum &thorn;â</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2194"></a>sinc-mâ&eth;&eth;um sêlra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sweordes hâd;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2195">2195</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät he on Biówulfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearm âlegde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2196">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2196"></a>and him gesealde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seofan &thorn;ûsendo,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2197"></a>bold and brego-stôl.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him wäs bâm samod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2198"></a>on &thorn;am leód-scipe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lond gecynde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2199"></a>eard ê&eth;el-riht,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;rum swî&eth;or</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2200">2200</a><div class="line">sîde rîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;am &thorn;ær sêlra wäs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2201"></a>Eft &thorn;ät geiode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ufaran dôgrum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2202"></a>hilde-hlämmum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Hygelâc läg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2203"></a>and Heardrêde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-mêceas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2204"></a>under bord-hreó&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô bonan wurdon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2205">2205</a><div class="line">&thorn;â hyne gesôhtan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sige-&thorn;eóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2206"></a>hearde hilde-frecan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hea&eth;o-Scilfingas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2207"></a>nî&eth;a genægdan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefan Hererîces.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2208"></a>Sy&eth;&eth;an Beówulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brâde rîce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2209"></a>on hand gehwearf:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he geheóld tela</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2210">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2210">2210</a><div class="line">fîftig wintru&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(wäs &thorn;â frôd cyning,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2211">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2211"></a>eald ê&eth;el-weard),&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät ân ongan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2212"></a>deorcum nihtum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;draca rîcsian,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2213">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2213"></a>se &thorn;e on heáre hæ&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord beweotode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2214"></a>stân-beorh steápne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stîg under läg,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2215">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2215">2215</a><div class="line">eldum uncû&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær on innan gióng</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2216">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2216"></a>ni&eth;a nât-hwylces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neóde gefêng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2217"></a>hæ&eth;num horde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond . d . . ge&thorn; . . hwylc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2218"></a>since fâhne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;ät sy&eth;&eth;an . . . . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2219"></a>. . . &thorn; . . . l&eth; . &thorn; . . l . g</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2220">2220</a><div class="line">slæpende be fýre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrena hyrde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2221"></a>&thorn;eófes cräfte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät sie . . . . &eth;io&eth; . . . . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2222"></a>. idh . folc-beorn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he gebolgen wäs.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXII"></a><h2>XXXII. THE FIRE-DRAKE. THE HOARD.</h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#note2223">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2223"></a>Nealles mid geweoldum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrm-horda . . . cräft</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2224">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2224"></a><i>sôhte</i> sylfes willum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e him <i>sâ</i>re gesceôd,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2225">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2225">2225</a><div class="line">ac for &thorn;reá-nêdlan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;<i>eów</i> nât-hwylces</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2226"></a>häle&eth;a bearna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hete-swengeas fleáh,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2227">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2227"></a><i>for</i> <i>ofer</i>-&thorn;ear<i>fe</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ær inne fealh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2228"></a>secg syn-bysig.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sôna in &thorn;â tîde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2229">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2229"></a>&thorn;ät . . . . . &thorn;am gyste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;. . . . br . g . stôd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2230">2230</a><div class="line">hwä&eth;re earm-sceapen . . . . . . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2231"></a>. . &eth; . . . sceapen o . . . . i r . . e se fæs begeat,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2232">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2232"></a>sinc-fät <i>geseah</i>:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær wäs swylcra fela</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2233">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2233"></a>in &thorn;am eor&eth;-<i>scrä</i>fe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær-gestreóna,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2234"></a>swâ hy on geâr-dagum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gumena nât-hwylc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2235">2235</a><div class="line">eormen-lâfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;elan cynnes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2236"></a>&thorn;anc-hycgende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær gehýdde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2237"></a>deóre mâ&eth;mas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ealle hie deá&eth; fornam</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2238"></a>ærran mælum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and se ân &thorn;â gen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2239"></a>leóda dugu&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;ær lengest hwearf,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2240">2240</a><div class="line">weard wine-geômor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîscte &thorn;äs yldan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2241">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2241"></a>&thorn;ät he lytel fäc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;long-gestreóna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2242"></a>brûcan môste.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Beorh eal gearo</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2243"></a>wunode on wonge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäter-ý&eth;um neáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2244"></a>niwe be nässe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nearo-cräftum fäst:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2245">2245</a><div class="line">&thorn;ær on innan bär&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorl-gestreóna</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2246">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2246"></a>hringa hyrde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hard-fyrdne dæl</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2247">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2247"></a>fättan goldes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feá worda cwä&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2248"></a>&quot;Heald &thorn;u nu, hruse,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu häle&eth; ne môston,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2249"></a>&quot;eorla æhte.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hwät! hit ær on &thorn;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2250">2250</a><div class="line">&quot;gôde begeâton;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-deá&eth; fornam,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2251"></a>&quot;feorh-bealo frêcne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyra gehwylcne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2252"></a>&quot;leóda mînra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;âra &thorn;e &thorn;is <i>lîf</i> ofgeaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2253"></a>&quot;gesâwon sele-dreám.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nâh hwâ sweord wege</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2254">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2254"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e fe<i>tige</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäted wæge,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2255">2255</a><div class="line">&quot;drync-fät deóre:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dug<i>u&eth;</i> ellor scôc.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2256"></a>&quot;Sceal se hearda helm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>hyr</i>sted golde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2257"></a>&quot;fätum befeallen:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feormiend swefa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2258"></a>&quot;&thorn;â &thorn;e beado-grîman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;býwan sceoldon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2259"></a>&quot;ge swylce seó here-pâd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sió ät hilde gebâd</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2260">2260</a><div class="line">&quot;ofer borda gebräc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bite îrena,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2261">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2261"></a>&quot;brosna&eth; äfter beorne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne mäg byrnan hring</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2262"></a>&quot;äfter wîg-fruman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde fêran</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2263">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2263"></a>&quot;häle&eth;um be healfe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs hearpan wyn,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2264">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2264"></a>&quot;gomen gleó-beámes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne gôd hafoc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2265">2265</a><div class="line">&quot;geond säl swinge&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne se swifta mearh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2266"></a>&quot;burh-stede beáte&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bealo-cwealm hafa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2267"></a>&quot;fela feorh-cynna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorr onsended!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2268"></a>Swâ giômor-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gioh&eth;o mænde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2269"></a>ân äfter eallum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unblî&eth;e hweóp,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2270">2270</a><div class="line">däges and nihtes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät deá&eth;es wylm</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2271"></a>hrân ät heortan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hord-wynne fond</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2272"></a>eald uht-scea&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;opene standan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2273"></a>se &thorn;e byrnende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;biorgas sêce&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2274"></a>nacod nî&eth;-draca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nihtes fleóge&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2275">2275</a><div class="line">fýre befangen;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyne fold-bûend</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2276">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2276"></a><i>wîde</i> <i>gesâw</i>on.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He ge<i>wuni</i>an sceall</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2277">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2277"></a>hlâw <i>under</i> hrusan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he hæ&eth;en gold</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2278"></a>wara&eth; wintrum frôd;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne by&eth; him wihte &thorn;ê sêl.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2279"></a>Swâ se &thorn;eód-scea&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;reó hund wintra</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2280">2280</a><div class="line">heóld on hrusan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord-ärna sum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2281"></a>eácen-cräftig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät hyne ân âbealh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2282"></a>mon on môde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;man-dryhtne bär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2283"></a>fäted wæge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frio&eth;o-wære bäd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2284"></a>hlâford sînne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs hord râsod,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2285">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2285">2285</a><div class="line">onboren beága hord,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bêne getî&eth;ad</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2286"></a>feá-sceaftum men.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Freá sceáwode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2287"></a>fira fyrn-geweorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forman sî&eth;e.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2288"></a>&THORN;â se wyrm onwôc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wrôht wäs geniwad;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2289"></a>stonc &thorn;â äfter stâne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stearc-heort onfand</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2290">2290</a><div class="line">feóndes fôt-lâst;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he tô for&eth; gestôp,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2291"></a>dyrnan cräfte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dracan heáfde neáh.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2292"></a>Swâ mäg unfæge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eá&eth;e gedîgan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2293"></a>weán and wräc-sî&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e waldendes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2294"></a>hyldo gehealde&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hord-weard sôhte</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2295">2295</a><div class="line">georne äfter grunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wolde guman findan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2296"></a>&thorn;one &thorn;e him on sweofote&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâre geteóde:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2297"></a>hât and hreóh-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlæw oft ymbe hwearf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2298"></a>ealne ûtan-weardne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne &thorn;ær ænig mon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2299">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2299"></a><i>wäs</i> on &thorn;ære wêstenne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hwä&eth;re hilde gefeh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2300">2300</a><div class="line">bea<i>do</i>-weorces:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwîlum on beorh äthwearf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2301"></a>sinc-fät sôhte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he &thorn;ät sôna onfand,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2302"></a>&thorn;ät häfde gumena sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;goldes gefandod</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2303"></a>heáh-gestreóna.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hord-weard onbâd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2304"></a>earfo&eth;lîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät æfen cwom;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2305">2305</a><div class="line">wäs &thorn;â gebolgen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorges hyrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2306"></a>wolde se lâ&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîge forgyldan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2307"></a>drinc-fät dýre.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs däg sceacen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2308"></a>wyrme on willan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô on wealle leng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2309"></a>bîdan wolde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac mid bæle fôr,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2310">2310</a><div class="line">fýre gefýsed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wäs se fruma egeslîc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2311"></a>leódum on lande,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hyt lungre wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2312"></a>on hyra sinc-gifan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâre geendod.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXIII"></a><h2>XXXIII. BEOWULF RESOLVES TO KILL THE FIRE-DRAKE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2313"></a>&THORN;â se gäst ongan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;glêdum spîwan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2314"></a>beorht hofu bärnan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bryne-leóma stôd</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2315">2315</a><div class="line">eldum on andan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;ær âht cwices</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2316"></a>lâ&eth; lyft-floga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;læfan wolde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2317"></a>Wäs &thorn;äs wyrmes wîg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde gesýne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2318"></a>nearo-fâges nî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neán and feorran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2319"></a>hû se gû&eth;-scea&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2320">2320</a><div class="line">hatode and hýnde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord eft gesceát,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2321"></a>dryht-sele dyrnne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær däges hwîle.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2322"></a>Häfde land-wara&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîge befangen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2323"></a>bæle and bronde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorges getrûwode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2324"></a>wîges and wealles:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him seó wên geleáh.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2325">2325</a><div class="line">&THORN;â wäs Biówulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brôga gecý&eth;ed</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2326">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2326"></a>snûde tô sô&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät his sylfes him</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2327"></a>bolda sêlest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bryne-wylmum mealt,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2328"></a>gif-stôl Geáta.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät &thorn;am gôdan wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2329"></a>hreów on hre&eth;re,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyge-sorga mæst:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2330">2330</a><div class="line">wênde se wîsa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he wealdende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2331"></a>ofer ealde riht,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;êcean dryhtne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2332"></a>bitre gebulge:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;breóst innan weóll</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2333"></a>&thorn;eóstrum ge&thorn;oncum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him ge&thorn;ýwe ne wäs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2334"></a>Häfde lîg-draca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leóda fästen,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2335">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2335">2335</a><div class="line">eá-lond ûtan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;-weard &thorn;one</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2336"></a>glêdum forgrunden.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him &thorn;äs gû&eth;-cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2337"></a>Wedera &thorn;ióden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wräce leornode.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2338"></a>Hêht him &thorn;â gewyrcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgendra hleó</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2339"></a>eall-îrenne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eorla dryhten</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2340">2340</a><div class="line">wîg-bord wrätlîc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wisse he gearwe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2341"></a>&thorn;ät him holt-wudu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he<i>lpan</i> ne meahte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2342"></a>lind wi&eth; lîge.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sceolde læn-daga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2343"></a>ä&eth;eling ær-gôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gebîdan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2344"></a>worulde lîfes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and se wyrm somod;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2345">2345</a><div class="line">&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hord-welan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heólde lange.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2346">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2346"></a>Oferhogode &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringa fengel,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2347"></a>&thorn;ät he &thorn;one wîd-flogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weorode gesôhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2348"></a>sîdan herge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô he him &thorn;â säcce ondrêd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2349"></a>ne him &thorn;äs wyrmes wîg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for wiht dyde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2350">2350</a><div class="line">eafo&eth; and ellen;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&thorn;on he ær fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2351"></a>nearo nê&eth;ende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nî&eth;a gedîgde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2352"></a>hilde-hlemma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an he Hrô&eth;gâres,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2353"></a>sigor-eádig secg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sele fælsode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2354"></a>and ät gû&eth;e forgrâp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Grendeles mægum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2355">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2355">2355</a><div class="line">lâ&eth;an cynnes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nô &thorn;ät läsest wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2356"></a>hond-gemota,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær mon Hygelâc slôh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2357"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an Geáta cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;e ræsum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2358"></a>freá-wine folces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Freslondum on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2359"></a>Hrê&eth;les eafora&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hioro-dryncum swealt,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2360">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2360">2360</a><div class="line">bille gebeáten;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onan Biówulf com</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2361"></a>sylfes cräfte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sund-nytte dreáh;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2362">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2362"></a>&#x2020; häfde him on earme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;... XXX</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2363"></a>hilde-geatwa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he tô holme <i>st</i>âg.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2364">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2364"></a>Nealles Hetware&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrêmge &thorn;orfton</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2365">2365</a><div class="line">fê&eth;e-wîges,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e him foran ongeán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2366"></a>linde bæron:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lyt eft becwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2367"></a>fram &thorn;am hild-frecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâmes niósan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2368">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2368"></a>Oferswam &thorn;â sióle&eth;a bigong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ecg&thorn;eówes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2369"></a>earm ân-haga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft tô leódum,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2370">2370</a><div class="line">&thorn;ær him Hygd gebeád&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord and rîce,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2371"></a>beágas and brego-stôl:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearne ne trûwode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2372"></a>&thorn;ät he wi&eth; äl-fylcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ê&eth;el-stôlas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2373"></a>healdan cû&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wäs Hygelâc deád.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2374"></a>Nô &thorn;ý ær feá-sceafte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;findan meahton</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2375">2375</a><div class="line">ät &thorn;am ä&eth;elinge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænige &thorn;inga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2376"></a>&thorn;ät he Heardrêde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlâford wære,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2377"></a>o&eth;&eth;e &thorn;one cyne-dôm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ciósan wolde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2378"></a>hwä&eth;re he him on folce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freónd-lârum heóld,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2379"></a>êstum mid âre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät he yldra wear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2380">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2380">2380</a><div class="line">Weder-Geátum weóld.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hyne wräc-mäcgas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2381"></a>ofer sæ sôhtan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;suna Ôhteres:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2382"></a>häfdon hy forhealden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm Scylfinga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2383"></a>&thorn;one sêlestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæ-cyninga,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2384">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2384"></a>&thorn;âra &thorn;e in Swió-rîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sinc brytnade,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2385">2385</a><div class="line">mærne &thorn;eóden.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him &thorn;ät tô mearce wear&eth;;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2386">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2386"></a>he &thorn;ær orfeorme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh-wunde hleát</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2387"></a>sweordes swengum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Hygelâces;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2388"></a>and him eft gewât&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ongen&thorn;iówes bearn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2389"></a>hâmes niósan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Heardrêd läg;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2390">2390</a><div class="line">lêt &thorn;one brego-stôl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Biówulf healdan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2391">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2391"></a>Geátum wealdan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät wäs gôd cyning.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXIV"></a><h2>XXXIV. RETROSPECT OF BEÓWULF.&mdash;STRIFE BETWEEN SWEONAS AND GEATAS.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2392"></a>Se &thorn;äs leód-hryres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leán gemunde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2393"></a>uferan dôgrum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eádgilse wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2394">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2394"></a>feá-sceaftum feónd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Folce gestepte</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2395">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2395">2395</a><div class="line">ofer sæ sîde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ôhteres</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2396"></a>wîgum and wæpnum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he gewräc sy&eth;&eth;an</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2397"></a>cealdum cear-sî&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cyning ealdre bineát.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2398"></a>Swâ he nî&eth;a gehwane&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;genesen häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2399"></a>slî&eth;ra geslyhta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Ecg&thorn;iówes,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2400">2400</a><div class="line">ellen-weorca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;one ânne däg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2401"></a>&thorn;e he wi&eth; &thorn;am wyrme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gewegan sceolde.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2402">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2402"></a>Gewât &thorn;â twelfa sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;torne gebolgen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2403"></a>dryhten Geáta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dracan sceáwian;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2404"></a>häfde &thorn;â gefrunen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwanan sió fæh&eth; ârâs,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2405">2405</a><div class="line">bealo-nî&eth; biorna;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him tô bearme cwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2406"></a>mâ&eth;&eth;um-fät mære&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;urh &thorn;äs meldan hond,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2407"></a>Se wäs on &thorn;am &thorn;reáte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;reotteo&eth;a secg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2408"></a>se &thorn;äs orleges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ôr onstealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2409"></a>häft hyge-giômor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sceolde heán &thorn;onon</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2410">2410</a><div class="line">wong wîsian:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he ofer willan gióng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2411"></a>tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e he eor&eth;-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânne wisse,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2412"></a>hlæw under hrusan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holm-wylme nêh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2413"></a>ý&eth;-gewinne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se wäs innan full</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2414"></a>wrätta and wîra:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weard unhióre,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2415">2415</a><div class="line">gearo gû&eth;-freca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gold-mâ&eth;mas heóld,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2416"></a>eald under eor&eth;an;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs &thorn;ät ý&eth;e ceáp,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2417"></a>tô gegangenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gumena ænigum.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2418"></a>Gesät &thorn;â on nässe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nî&eth;-heard cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2419"></a>&thorn;enden hælo âbeád&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heor&eth;-geneátum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2420">2420</a><div class="line">gold-wine Geáta:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him wäs geômor sefa,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2421"></a>wäfre and wäl-fûs,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wyrd ungemete neáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2422"></a>se &thorn;one gomelan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grêtan sceolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2423"></a>sêcean sâwle hord,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sundur gedælan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2424"></a>lîf wi&eth; lîce:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô &thorn;on lange wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2425">2425</a><div class="line">feorh ä&eth;elinges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flæsce bewunden.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2426"></a>Biówulf ma&eth;elade,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn Ecg&thorn;eówes:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2427"></a>&quot;Fela ic on giogo&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gu&eth;-ræsa genäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2428"></a>&quot;orleg-hwîla:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;ät eall gemon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2429"></a>&quot;Ic wäs syfan-wintre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â mec sinca baldor,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2430">2430</a><div class="line">&quot;freá-wine folca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät mînum fäder genam,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2431"></a>&quot;heóld mec and häfde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hrê&eth;el cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2432"></a>&quot;geaf me sinc and symbel,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sibbe gemunde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2433"></a>&quot;näs ic him tô lîfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâ&eth;ra ôwihte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2434"></a>&quot;beorn in burgum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne his bearna hwylc,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2435">2435</a><div class="line">&quot;Herebeald and Hæ&eth;cyn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e Hygelâc mîn.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2436"></a>&quot;Wäs &thorn;am yldestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ungedêfelîce</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2437">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2437"></a>&quot;mæges dædum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mor&eth;or-bed strêd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2438"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an hyne Hæ&eth;cyn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of horn-bogan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2439">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2439"></a>&quot;his freá-wine&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flâne geswencte,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2440">2440</a><div class="line">&quot;miste mercelses&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his mæg ofscêt,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2441"></a>&quot;brô&eth;or ô&eth;erne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;blôdigan gâre:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2442">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2442"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät wäs feoh-leás gefeoht,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrenum gesyngad</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2443"></a>&quot;hre&eth;re hyge-mê&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sceolde hwä&eth;re swâ &thorn;eáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2444"></a>&quot;ä&eth;eling unwrecen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdres linnan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2445">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2445">2445</a><div class="line">&quot;Swâ bi&eth; geômorlîc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomelum ceorle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2446"></a>&quot;tô gebîdanne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät his byre rîde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2447">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2447"></a>&quot;giong on galgan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he gyd wrece,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2448"></a>&quot;sârigne sang,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne his sunu hanga&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2449">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2449"></a>&quot;hrefne tô hrô&eth;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and he him helpe ne mäg,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2450">2450</a><div class="line">&quot;eald and in-frôd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænige gefremman.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2451"></a>&quot;Symble bi&eth; gemyndgad&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;morna gehwylce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2452"></a>&quot;eaforan ellor-sî&eth;;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;res ne gýme&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2453"></a>&quot;tô gebîdanne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;burgum on innan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2454">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2454"></a>&quot;yrfe-weardes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne se ân hafa&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2455">2455</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;urh deá&eth;es nýd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dæda gefondad.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2456"></a>&quot;Gesyh&eth; sorh-cearig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on his suna bûre</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2457"></a>&quot;wîn-sele wêstne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wind-gereste,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2458">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2458"></a>&quot;reóte berofene;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rîdend swefa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2459"></a>&quot;häle&eth; in ho&eth;man;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nis &thorn;ær hearpan swêg,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2460">2460</a><div class="line">&quot;gomen in geardum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce &thorn;ær iú wæron.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXV"></a><h2>XXXV. MEMORIES OF PAST TIME.&mdash;THE FEUD WITH THE FIRE-DRAKE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2461"></a>&quot;Gewîte&eth; &thorn;onne on sealman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sorh-leó&eth; gäle&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2462"></a>&quot;ân äfter ânum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ûhte him eall tô rûm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2463"></a>&quot;wongas and wîc-stede.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Swâ Wedra helm</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2464"></a>&quot;äfter Herebealde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heortan sorge</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2465">2465</a><div class="line">&quot;weallende wäg,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wihte ne meahte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2466"></a>&quot;on &thorn;am feorh-bonan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;e gebêtan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2467"></a>&quot;nô &thorn;ý ær he &thorn;one hea&eth;o-rinc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hatian ne meahte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2468"></a>&quot;lâ&eth;um dædum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh him leóf ne wäs.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2469"></a>&quot;He &thorn;â mid &thorn;ære sorge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e him sió sâr belamp,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2470">2470</a><div class="line">&quot;gum-dreám ofgeaf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;godes leóht geceás;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2471"></a>&quot;eaferum læfde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ dê&eth; eádig mon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2472"></a>&quot;lond and leód-byrig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he of lîfe gewât.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2473"></a>&quot;&THORN;â wäs synn and sacu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweona and Geáta,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2474">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2474"></a>&quot;ofer wîd wäter&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wrôht gemæne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2475">2475</a><div class="line">&quot;here-nî&eth; hearda,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Hrê&eth;el swealt,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2476"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e him Ongen&thorn;eówes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eaferan wæran</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2477">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2477"></a>&quot;frome fyrd-hwate,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freóde ne woldon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2478"></a>&quot;ofer heafo healdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac ymb Hreosna-beorh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2479"></a>&quot;eatolne inwit-scear&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft gefremedon.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2480">2480</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;ät mæg-wine&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gewræcan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2481"></a>&quot;fæh&eth;e and fyrene,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hyt gefræge wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2482"></a>&quot;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e ô&eth;er hit&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre gebohte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2483"></a>&quot;heardan ceápe:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hæ&eth;cynne wear&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2484"></a>&quot;Geáta dryhtne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth; onsæge.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2485">2485</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;â ic on morgne gefrägn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæg ô&eth;erne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2486"></a>&quot;billes ecgum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on bonan stælan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2487"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær Ongen&thorn;eów&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eofores niósade:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2488"></a>&quot;gû&eth;-helm tôglâd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomela Scylfing</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2489">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2489"></a>&quot;hreás <i>heoro</i>-blâc;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond gemunde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2490">2490</a><div class="line">&quot;fæh&eth;o genôge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh-sweng ne ofteáh.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2491"></a>&quot;Ic him &thorn;â mâ&eth;mas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e he me sealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2492"></a>&quot;geald ät gû&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ me gife&eth;e wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2493"></a>&quot;leóhtan sweorde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he me lond forgeaf,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2494">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2494"></a>&quot;eard ê&eth;el-wyn.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs him ænig &thorn;earf,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2495">2495</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät he tô Gif&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e tô Gâr-Denum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2496"></a>&quot;o&eth;&eth;e in Swió-rîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean &thorn;urfe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2497"></a>&quot;wyrsan wîg-frecan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weor&eth;e gecýpan;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2498"></a>&quot;symle ic him on fê&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beforan wolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2499"></a>&quot;âna on orde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and swâ tô aldre sceall</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2500">2500</a><div class="line">&quot;säcce fremman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;enden &thorn;is sweord &thorn;ola&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2501"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät mec ær and sî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft gelæste,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2502">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2502"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an ic for duge&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Däghrefne wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2503"></a>&quot;tô hand-bonan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hûga cempan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2504"></a>&quot;nalles he &thorn;â frätwe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fres-cyninge,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2505">2505</a><div class="line">&quot;breóst-weor&eth;unge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bringan môste,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2506"></a>&quot;ac in campe gecrong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cumbles hyrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2507"></a>&quot;ä&eth;eling on elne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wäs ecg bona,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2508"></a>&quot;ac him hilde-grâp&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heortan wylmas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2509"></a>&quot;bân-hûs gebräc.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu sceall billes ecg,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2510">2510</a><div class="line">&quot;hond and heard sweord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymb hord wîgan.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2511"></a>Beówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beót-wordum spräc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2512"></a>niéhstan sî&eth;e:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Ic genê&eth;de fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2513"></a>&quot;gû&eth;a on geogo&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyt ic wylle,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2514"></a>&quot;frôd folces weard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;e sêcan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2515">2515</a><div class="line">&quot;mær&eth;um fremman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif mec se mân-scea&eth;a</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2516"></a>&quot;of eor&eth;-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ût gesêce&eth;!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2517"></a>Gegrêtte &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gumena gehwylcne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2518"></a>hwate helm-berend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hindeman sî&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2519"></a>swæse gesî&eth;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Nolde ic sweord beran,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2520">2520</a><div class="line">&quot;wæpen tô wyrme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gif ic wiste hû</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2521"></a>&quot;wi&eth; &thorn;am aglæcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;elles meahte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2522"></a>&quot;gylpe wi&eth;grîpan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ ic gió wi&eth; Grendle dyde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2523"></a>&quot;ac ic &thorn;ær hea&eth;u-fýres&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hâtes wêne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2524">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2524"></a>&quot;rê&eth;es and-hâttres:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&thorn;on ic me on hafu</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2525">2525</a><div class="line">&quot;bord and byrnan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nelle ic beorges weard</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2526">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2526"></a>&quot;oferfleón fôtes trem,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>feónd</i> <i>unhýre</i>,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2527"></a>&quot;ac unc sceal weor&eth;an ät wealle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ unc Wyrd geteó&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2528"></a>&quot;metod manna gehwäs.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic eom on môde from,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2529"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ic wi&eth; &thorn;one gû&eth;-flogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gylp ofersitte.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2530">2530</a><div class="line">&quot;Gebîde ge on beorge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byrnum werede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2531"></a>&quot;secgas on searwum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwä&eth;er sêl mæge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2532"></a>&quot;äfter wäl-ræse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wunde gedýgan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2533"></a>&quot;uncer twega.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nis &thorn;ät eówer sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2534"></a>&quot;ne gemet mannes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefne mîn ânes,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2535">2535</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät he wi&eth; aglæcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eofo&eth;o dæle,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2536"></a>&quot;eorl-scype efne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic mid elne sceall</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2537"></a>&quot;gold gegangan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e gû&eth; nime&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2538"></a>&quot;feorh-bealu frêcne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán eówerne!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2539"></a>Ârâs &thorn;â bî ronde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rôf oretta,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2540">2540</a><div class="line">heard under helm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hioro-sercean bär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2541"></a>under stân-cleofu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;strengo getrûwode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2542"></a>ânes mannes:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne bi&eth; swylc earges sî&eth;.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2543"></a>Geseah &thorn;â be wealle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e worna fela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2544"></a>gum-cystum gôd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;a gedîgde,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2545">2545</a><div class="line">hilde-hlemma,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne hnitan fê&eth;an,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2546">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2546"></a>(stôd on stân-bogan)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;streám ût &thorn;onan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2547"></a>brecan of beorge;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;ære burnan wälm</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2548"></a>hea&eth;o-fýrum hât:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne meahte horde neáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2549"></a>unbyrnende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænige hwîle</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2550">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2550">2550</a><div class="line">deóp gedýgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for dracan lêge.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2551"></a>Lêt &thorn;â of breóstum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he gebolgen wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2552"></a>Weder-Geáta leód&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word ût faran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2553"></a>stearc-heort styrmde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stefn in becom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2554"></a>hea&eth;o-torht hlynnan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under hârne stân.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2555">2555</a><div class="line">Hete wäs onhrêred,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord-weard oncniów</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2556"></a>mannes reorde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs &thorn;ær mâra fyrst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2557"></a>freóde tô friclan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;From ærest cwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2558"></a>oru&eth; aglæcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ût of stâne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2559"></a>hât hilde-swât;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hruse dynede.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2560">2560</a><div class="line">Biorn under beorge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bord-rand onswâf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2561"></a>wi&eth; &thorn;am gryre-gieste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta dryhten:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2562"></a>&thorn;â wäs hring-bogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heorte gefýsed</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2563"></a>säcce tô sêceanne.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweord ær gebräd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2564"></a>gôd gû&eth;-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomele lâfe,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2565">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2565">2565</a><div class="line">ecgum ungleáw,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;æghwä&eth;rum wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2566"></a>bealo-hycgendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brôga fram ô&eth;rum.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2567"></a>Stî&eth;-môd gestôd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth; steápne rond</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2568"></a>winia bealdor,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â se wyrm gebeáh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2569"></a>snûde tôsomne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he on searwum bâd.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2570">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2570">2570</a><div class="line">Gewât &thorn;â byrnende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gebogen scrî&eth;an tô,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2571"></a>gescîfe scyndan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Scyld wel gebearg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2572"></a>lîfe and lîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lässan hwîle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2573"></a>mærum &thorn;eódne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne his myne sôhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2574"></a>&thorn;ær he &thorn;ý fyrste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forman dôgore</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2575">2575</a><div class="line">wealdan môste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2576"></a>hrê&eth; ät hilde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hond up âbräd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2577"></a>Geáta dryhten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gryre-fâhne slôh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2578"></a>incge lâfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät sió ecg gewâc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2579"></a>brûn on bâne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bât unswî&eth;or,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2580">2580</a><div class="line">&thorn;onne his &thorn;iód-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;earfe häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2581"></a>bysigum gebæded.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs beorges weard</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2582"></a>äfter hea&eth;u-swenge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on hreóum môde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2583"></a>wearp wäl-fýre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde sprungon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2584"></a>hilde-leóman:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrê&eth;-sigora ne gealp</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2585">2585</a><div class="line">gold-wine Geáta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-bill geswâc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2586"></a>nacod ät nî&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hyt nô sceolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2587"></a>îren ær-gôd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne wäs &thorn;ät ê&eth;e sî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2588"></a>&thorn;ät se mæra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;maga Ecg&thorn;eówes</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2589">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2589"></a>grund-wong &thorn;one&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ofgyfan wolde;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2590">2590</a><div class="line">sceolde <i>wyrmes</i> willan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîc eardian</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2591"></a>elles hwergen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ sceal æghwylc mon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2592"></a>âlætan læn-dagas.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs &thorn;â long tô &thorn;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2593"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;â aglæcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hy eft gemêtton.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2594"></a>Hyrte hyne hord-weard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hre&eth;er æ&eth;me weóll,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2595">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2595">2595</a><div class="line">niwan stefne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nearo &thorn;rowode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2596"></a>fýre befongen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e ær folce weóld.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2597"></a>Nealles him on heápe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hand-gesteallan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2598"></a>ä&eth;elinga bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymbe gestôdon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2599"></a>hilde-cystum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac hy on holt bugon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2600">2600</a><div class="line">ealdre burgan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hiora in ânum weóll</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2601"></a>sefa wi&eth; sorgum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sibb æfre ne mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2602"></a>wiht onwendan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;am &thorn;e wel &thorn;ence&eth;.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXVI"></a><h2>XXXVI. WIGLAF HELPS BEÓWULF IN THE FEUD</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2603"></a>Wîglâf wäs hâten&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weoxstânes sunu,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2604">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2604"></a>leóflîc lind-wiga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leód Scylfinga,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2605">2605</a><div class="line">mæg Älfheres:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geseah his mon-dryhten</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2606"></a>under here-grîman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hât &thorn;rowian.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2607">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2607"></a>Gemunde &thorn;â &thorn;â âre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e he him ær forgeaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2608"></a>wîc-stede weligne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wægmundinga,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2609">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2609"></a>folc-rihta gehwylc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ his fäder âhte;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2610">2610</a><div class="line">ne mihte &thorn;â forhabban,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond rond gefêng,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2611"></a>geolwe linde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gomel swyrd geteáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2612"></a>&thorn;ät wäs mid eldum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Eánmundes lâf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2613"></a>suna Ôhteres,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;am ät säcce wear&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2614">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2614"></a>wracu wine-leásum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weohstânes bana</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2615">2615</a><div class="line">mêces ecgum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his mâgum ätbär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2616"></a>brûn-fâgne helm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hringde byrnan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2617"></a>eald sweord eotonisc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät him Onela forgeaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2618"></a>his gädelinges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-gewædu,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2619"></a>fyrd-searo fûslîc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nô ymbe &thorn;â fæh&eth;e spräc,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2620">2620</a><div class="line">&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he his brô&eth;or&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bearn âbredwade.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2621"></a>He frätwe geheóld&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela missera,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2622"></a>bill and byrnan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät his byre mihte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2623"></a>eorl-scipe efnan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ his ær-fäder;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2624"></a>geaf him &thorn;â mid Geátum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-gewæda</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2625">2625</a><div class="line">æghwäs unrîm;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he of ealdre gewât,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2626"></a>frôd on for&eth;-weg.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs forma sî&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2627"></a>geongan cempan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he gû&eth;e ræs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2628"></a>mid his freó-dryhtne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fremman sceolde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2629"></a>ne gemealt him se môd-sefa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne his mæges lâf</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2630">2630</a><div class="line">gewâc ät wîge:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se wyrm onfand,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2631"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an hie tôgädre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gegân häfdon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2632"></a>Wîglâf ma&eth;elode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;word-rihta fela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2633"></a>sägde gesî&eth;um,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him wäs sefa geômor:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2634"></a>&quot;Ic &thorn;ät mæl geman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær we medu &thorn;êgun,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2635">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2635">2635</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;onne we gehêton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ûssum hlâforde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2636"></a>&quot;in biór-sele,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e ûs &thorn;âs beágas geaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2637"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät we him &thorn;â gû&eth;-geatwa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyldan woldon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2638"></a>&quot;gif him &thorn;yslîcu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;earf gelumpe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2639"></a>&quot;helmas and heard sweord:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ê he ûsic on herge geceás</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2640">2640</a><div class="line">&quot;tô &thorn;yssum sî&eth;-fate&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sylfes willum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2641"></a>&quot;onmunde ûsic mær&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and me &thorn;âs mâ&eth;mas geaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2642"></a>&quot;&thorn;ê he ûsic gâr-wîgend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gôde tealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2643"></a>&quot;hwate helm-berend,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hlâford ûs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2644"></a>&quot;&thorn;is ellen-weorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âna â&thorn;ôhte</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2645">2645</a><div class="line">&quot;tô gefremmanne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folces hyrde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2646"></a>&quot;for&thorn;am he manna mæst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mær&eth;a gefremede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2647"></a>&quot;dæda dollîcra.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu is se däg cumen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2648"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät ûre man-dryhten&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägenes behôfa&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2649">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2649"></a>&quot;gôdra gû&eth;-rinca:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wutun gangan tô,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2650">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2650">2650</a><div class="line">&quot;helpan hild-fruman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;enden hyt sý,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2651"></a>&quot;glêd-egesa grim!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;God wât on mec,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2652"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät me is micle leófre,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät mînne lîc-haman</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2653"></a>&quot;mid mînne gold-gyfan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;glêd fä&eth;mie.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2654"></a>&quot;Ne &thorn;ynce&eth; me gerysne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät we rondas beren</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2655">2655</a><div class="line">&quot;eft tô earde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nemne we æror mægen</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2656">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2656"></a>&quot;fâne gefyllan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh ealgian</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2657"></a>&quot;Wedra &thorn;iódnes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic wât geare,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2658"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät næron eald-gewyrht,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he âna scyle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2659"></a>&quot;Geáta dugu&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gnorn &thorn;rowian,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2660">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2660">2660</a><div class="line">&quot;gesîgan ät säcce:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sceal ûrum &thorn;ät sweord and helm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2661"></a>&quot;byrne and byrdu-scrûd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bâm gemæne.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2662"></a>Wôd &thorn;â &thorn;urh &thorn;one wäl-rêc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîg-heafolan bär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2663"></a>freán on fultum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feá worda cwä&eth;:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2664"></a>&quot;Leófa Biówulf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;læst eall tela,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2665">2665</a><div class="line">&quot;swâ &thorn;u on geogu&eth;-feore&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geâra gecwæde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2666">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2666"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät &thorn;u ne âlæte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;be &thorn;e lifigendum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2667"></a>&quot;dôm gedreósan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scealt nu dædum rôf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2668"></a>&quot;ä&eth;eling ân-hydig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle mägene</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2669"></a>&quot;feorh ealgian;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic &thorn;e fullæstu!&quot;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2670">2670</a><div class="line">Äfter &thorn;âm wordum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrm yrre cwom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2671"></a>atol inwit-gäst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;re sî&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2672"></a>fýr-wylmum fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fiónda niósan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2673"></a>lâ&eth;ra manna;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîg-ý&eth;um forborn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2674"></a>bord wi&eth; ronde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byrne ne meahte</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2675">2675</a><div class="line">geongum gâr-wigan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geóce gefremman:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2676"></a>ac se maga geonga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under his mæges scyld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2677"></a>elne geeode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â his âgen w<i>äs</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2678"></a>glêdum forgrunden.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â gen gû&eth;-cyning</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2679"></a>m<i>ær&eth;a</i> gemunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägen-strengo,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2680">2680</a><div class="line">slôh hilde-bille,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hyt on heafolan stôd</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2681">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2681"></a>nî&eth;e genýded:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nägling forbärst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2682"></a>geswâc ät säcce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweord Biówulfes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2683"></a>gomol and græg-mæl.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Him &thorn;ät gife&eth;e ne wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2684"></a>&thorn;ät him îrenna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ecge mihton</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2685">2685</a><div class="line">helpan ät hilde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs sió hond tô strong,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2686"></a>se &thorn;e mêca gehwane&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gefræge</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2687">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2687"></a>swenge ofersôhte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he tô säcce bär</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2688">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2688"></a>wæpen wundrum heard,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs him wihte &thorn;ê sêl.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2689"></a>&THORN;â wäs &thorn;eód-scea&eth;a&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;riddan sî&eth;e,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2690">2690</a><div class="line">frêcne fýr-draca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;a gemyndig,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2691"></a>ræsde on &thorn;one rôfan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him rûm âgeald,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2692"></a>hât and hea&eth;o-grim,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heals ealne ymbefêng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2693"></a>biteran bânum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he geblôdegod wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2694"></a>sâwul-drióre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swât ý&eth;um weóll.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXVII"></a><h2>XXXVII. BEÓWULF WOUNDED TO DEATH.</h2>
+
+<a class="lineno" name="li2695">2695</a><div class="line">&THORN;â ic ät &thorn;earfe <i>gefrägn</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eód-cyninges</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2696"></a>and-longne eorl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ellen cý&eth;an,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2697"></a>cräft and cên&eth;u,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him gecynde wäs;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2698">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2698"></a>ne hêdde he &thorn;äs heafolan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac sió hand gebarn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2699"></a>môdiges mannes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he his mæges healp,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2700">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2700">2700</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät he &thorn;one nî&eth;-gäst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nio&eth;or hwêne slôh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2701"></a>secg on searwum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;ät sweord gedeáf</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2702">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2702"></a>fâh and fäted,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät &thorn;ät fýr ongon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2703"></a>swe&eth;rian sy&eth;&eth;an.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â gen sylf cyning</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2704">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2704"></a>geweóld his gewitte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäll-seaxe gebräd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2705">2705</a><div class="line">biter and beadu-scearp,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he on byrnan wäg:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2706"></a>forwrât Wedra helm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wyrm on middan.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2707">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2707"></a>Feónd gefyldan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ferh ellen wräc),</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2708"></a>and hi hyne &thorn;â begen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âbroten häfdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2709"></a>sib-ä&eth;elingas:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylc sceolde secg wesan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2710">2710</a><div class="line">&thorn;egn ät &thorn;earfe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ät &thorn;am &thorn;eódne wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2711"></a>sî&eth;ast sîge-hwîle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sylfes dædum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2712"></a>worlde geweorces.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â sió wund ongon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2713"></a>&thorn;e him se eor&eth;-draca&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær geworhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2714"></a>swêlan and swellan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He &thorn;ät sôna onfand,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2715">2715</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät him on breóstum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bealo-nî&eth; weóll,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2716"></a>âttor on innan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â se ä&eth;eling gióng,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2717"></a>&thorn;ät he bî wealle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîs-hycgende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2718"></a>gesät on sesse;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seah on enta geweorc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2719"></a>hû &thorn;â stân-bogan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stapulum fäste</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2720">2720</a><div class="line">êce eor&eth;-reced&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;innan heóldon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2721"></a>Hyne &thorn;â mid handa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heoro-dreórigne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2722"></a>&thorn;eóden mærne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egn ungemete till,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2723"></a>wine-dryhten his&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wätere gelafede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2724"></a>hilde-sädne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his helm onspeón.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2725">2725</a><div class="line">Biówulf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he ofer benne spräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2726"></a>wunde wäl-bleáte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(wisse he gearwe,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2727">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2727"></a>&thorn;ät he däg-hwîla&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gedrogen häfde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2728"></a>eor&eth;an wynne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wäs eall sceacen</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2729"></a>dôgor-gerîmes,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth; ungemete neáh):</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2730">2730</a><div class="line">&quot;Nu ic suna mînum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;syllan wolde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2731"></a>&quot;gû&eth;-gewædu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær me gife&eth;e swâ</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2732"></a>&quot;ænig yrfe-weard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfter wurde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2733"></a>&quot;lîce gelenge.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;âs leóde heóld</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2734"></a>&quot;fîftig wintra:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs se folc-cyning</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2735">2735</a><div class="line">&quot;ymbe-sittendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænig &thorn;âra,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2736"></a>&quot;&thorn;e mec gû&eth;-winum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grêtan dorste,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2737"></a>&quot;egesan &thorn;eón.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic on earde bâd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2738"></a>&quot;mæl-gesceafta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heóld mîn tela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2739"></a>&quot;ne sôhte searo-nî&eth;as,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne me swôr fela</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2740">2740</a><div class="line">&quot;â&eth;a on unriht.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic &thorn;äs ealles mäg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2741"></a>&quot;feorh-bennum seóc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gefeán habban:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2742"></a>&quot;for&thorn;am me wîtan ne &thorn;earf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;waldend fira</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2743"></a>&quot;mor&eth;or-bealo mâga,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne mîn sceace&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2744"></a>&quot;lîf of lîce.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu &thorn;u lungre</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2745">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2745">2745</a><div class="line">&quot;geong, hord sceáwian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under hârne stân,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2746"></a>&quot;Wîglâf leófa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu se wyrm lige&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2747"></a>&quot;swefe&eth; sâre wund,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;since bereáfod.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2748"></a>&quot;Bió nu on ôfoste,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic ær-welan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2749"></a>&quot;gold-æht ongite,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearo sceáwige</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2750">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2750">2750</a><div class="line">&quot;swegle searo-gimmas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät ic &thorn;ý sêft mæge</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2751"></a>&quot;äfter mâ&eth;&eth;um-welan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîn âlætan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2752"></a>&quot;lîf and leód-scipe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one ic longe heóld.&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXVIII"></a><h2>XXXVIII. THE JEWEL-HOARD. THE PASSING OF BEOWULF.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2753"></a>&THORN;â ic snûde gefrägn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Wihstânes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2754"></a>äfter word-cwydum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundum dryhtne</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2755">2755</a><div class="line">hýran hea&eth;o-siócum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-net beran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2756"></a>brogdne beadu-sercean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under beorges hrôf.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2757"></a>Geseah &thorn;â sige-hrê&eth;ig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he bî sesse geóng,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2758"></a>mago-&thorn;egn môdig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ&eth;&eth;um-sigla fela,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2759"></a>gold glitinian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grunde getenge,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2760">2760</a><div class="line">wundur on wealle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;äs wyrmes denn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2761"></a>ealdes uht-flogan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;orcas stondan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2762"></a>fyrn-manna fatu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feormend-leáse,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2763"></a>hyrstum behrorene:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær wäs helm monig,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2764"></a>eald and ômig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earm-beága fela,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2765">2765</a><div class="line">searwum gesæled.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sinc eá&eth;e mäg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2766"></a>gold on grunde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gum<i>ena</i> cynnes</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2767">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2767"></a>gehwone ofer-higian,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hýde se &thorn;e wylle!</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2768"></a>Swylce he siomian geseah&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;segn eall-gylden</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2769"></a>heáh ofer horde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond-wundra mæst,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2770">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2770">2770</a><div class="line">gelocen leo&eth;o-cräftum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;of &thorn;am leóma stôd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2771"></a>&thorn;ät he &thorn;one grund-wong&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ongitan meahte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2772"></a>wräte giond-wlîtan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs &thorn;äs wyrmes &thorn;ær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2773"></a>onsýn ænig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac hyne ecg fornam.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2774"></a>&THORN;â ic on hlæwe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gefrägn hord reáfian,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2775">2775</a><div class="line">eald enta geweorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânne mannan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2776"></a>him on bearm hladan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bunan and discas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2777"></a>sylfes dôme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;segn eác genom,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2778">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2778"></a>beácna beorhtost;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bill ær-gescôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2779"></a>(ecg wäs îren)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eald-hlâfordes</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2780">2780</a><div class="line">&thorn;am &thorn;âra mâ&eth;ma&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mund-bora wäs</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2781"></a>longe hwîle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîg-egesan wäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2782"></a>hâtne for horde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hioro-weallende,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2783"></a>middel-nihtum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät he mor&eth;re swealt.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2784"></a>Âr wäs on ôfoste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eft-sî&eth;es georn,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2785">2785</a><div class="line">frätwum gefyr&eth;red:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyne fyrwet bräc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2786"></a>hwä&eth;er collen-fer&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cwicne gemêtte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2787"></a>in &thorn;am wong-stede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wedra &thorn;eóden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2788"></a>ellen-siócne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he hine ær forlêt.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2789"></a>He &thorn;â mid &thorn;âm mâ&eth;mum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mærne &thorn;ióden,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2790">2790</a><div class="line">dryhten sînne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driórigne fand</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2791">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2791"></a>ealdres ät ende:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he hine eft ongon</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2792">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2792"></a>wäteres weorpan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; &thorn;ät wordes ord</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2793"></a>breóst-hord &thorn;urhbräc.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Beówulf ma&eth;elode</i>,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2794"></a>gomel on gioh&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(gold sceáwode):</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2795">2795</a><div class="line">&quot;Ic &thorn;âra frätwa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán ealles &thorn;anc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2796"></a>&quot;wuldur-cyninge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wordum secge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2797"></a>&quot;êcum dryhtne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e ic her on starie,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2798"></a>&quot;&thorn;äs &thorn;e ic môste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînum leódum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2799"></a>&quot;ær swylt-däge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylc gestrýnan.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2800">2800</a><div class="line">&quot;Nu ic on mâ&eth;ma hord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne bebohte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2801"></a>&quot;frôde feorh-lege,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fremma&eth; ge nu</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2802"></a>&quot;leóda &thorn;earfe;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne mäg ic her leng wesan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2803"></a>&quot;Hâta&eth; hea&eth;o-mære&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlæw gewyrcean,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2804"></a>&quot;beorhtne äfter bæle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät brimes nosan;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2805">2805</a><div class="line">&quot;sê scel tô gemyndum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mînum leódum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2806">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2806"></a>&quot;heáh hlifian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on Hrones nässe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2807"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät hit sæ-lî&eth;end&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an hâtan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2808"></a>&quot;Biówulfes biorh,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â &thorn;e brentingas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2809"></a>&quot;ofer flôda genipu&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorran drîfa&eth;.&quot;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2810">2810</a><div class="line">Dyde him of healse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring gyldenne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2811"></a>&thorn;ióden &thorn;rîst-hydig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;egne gesealde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2812"></a>geongum gâr-wigan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gold-fâhne helm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2813"></a>beáh and byrnan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hêt hyne brûcan well:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2814"></a>&quot;&THORN;u eart ende-lâf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ûsses cynnes,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2815">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2815">2815</a><div class="line">&quot;Wægmundinga;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealle Wyrd forsweóf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2816"></a>&quot;mîne mâgas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô metod-sceafte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2817"></a>&quot;eorlas on elne:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic him äfter sceal.&quot;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2818">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2818"></a>&THORN;ät wäs &thorn;am gomelan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gingeste word</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2819"></a>breóst-gehygdum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær he bæl cure,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2820">2820</a><div class="line">hâte hea&eth;o-wylmas:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him of hre&eth;re gewât</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2821"></a>sâwol sêcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sô&eth;-fästra dôm.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXXXIX"></a><h2>XXXIX. THE COWARD-THANES.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2822"></a>&THORN;â wäs gegongen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;guman unfrôdum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2823"></a>earfo&eth;lîce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he on eor&eth;an geseah</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2824"></a>&thorn;one leófestan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lîfes ät ende</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2825">2825</a><div class="line">bleáte gebæran.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bona swylce läg,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2826"></a>egeslîc eor&eth;-draca,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre bereáfod,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2827"></a>bealwe gebæded:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beáh-hordum leng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2828"></a>wyrm woh-bogen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wealdan ne môste,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2829"></a>ac him îrenna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ecga fornâmon,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2830">2830</a><div class="line">hearde hea&eth;o-scearpe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;homera lâfe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2831"></a>&thorn;ät se wîd-floga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundum stille</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2832"></a>hreás on hrusan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord-ärne neáh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2833"></a>nalles äfter lyfte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lâcende hwearf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2834"></a>middel-nihtum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ&eth;m-æhta wlonc</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2835">2835</a><div class="line">ansýn ýwde:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac he eor&eth;an gefeóll</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2836"></a>for &thorn;äs hild-fruman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond-geweorce.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2837">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2837"></a>Hûru &thorn;ät on lande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lyt manna &thorn;âh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2838"></a>mägen-âgendra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mîne gefræge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2839"></a>&thorn;eáh &thorn;e he dæda gehwäs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dyrstig wære,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2840">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2840">2840</a><div class="line">&thorn;ät he wi&eth; âttor-scea&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ore&eth;e geræsde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2841"></a>o&eth;&eth;e hring-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hondum styrede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2842"></a>gif he wäccende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weard onfunde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2843"></a>bûan on beorge.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Biówulfe wear&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2844"></a>dryht-mâ&eth;ma dæl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth;e forgolden;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2845">2845</a><div class="line">häfde æghwä&eth;er&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gefêred</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2846"></a>lænan lîfes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs &thorn;â lang tô &thorn;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2847"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;â hild-latan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;holt ofgêfan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2848"></a>tydre treów-logan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tyne ätsomne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2849"></a>&thorn;â ne dorston ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dare&eth;um lâcan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2850">2850</a><div class="line">on hyra man-dryhtnes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;miclan &thorn;earfe;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2851"></a>ac hy scamiende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;scyldas bæran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2852"></a>gû&eth;-gewædu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær se gomela läg:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2853"></a>wlitan on Wîglâf.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;He gewêrgad sät,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2854"></a>fê&eth;e-cempa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán eaxlum neáh,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2855">2855</a><div class="line">wehte hyne wätre;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;him wiht ne speów;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2856"></a>ne meahte he on eor&eth;an,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh he û&eth;e wel,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2857"></a>on &thorn;am frum-gâre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh gehealdan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2858"></a>ne &thorn;äs wealdendes <i>willan</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wiht oncirran;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2859">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2859"></a>wolde dôm godes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dædum rædan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2860">2860</a><div class="line">gumena gehwylcum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he nu gen dê&eth;.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2861">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2861"></a>&THORN;â wäs ät &thorn;am geongan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grim andswaru</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2862"></a>ê&eth;-begête &thorn;âm &thorn;e ær&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;his elne forleás.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2863"></a>Wîglâf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weohstânes sunu,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2864"></a>secg sârig-fer&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seah on unleófe:</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2865">2865</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;ät lâ mäg secgan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e wyle sô&eth; sprecan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2866"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät se mon-dryhten,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se eów &thorn;â mâ&eth;mas geaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2867"></a>&quot;eóred-geatwe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e ge &thorn;ær on standa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2868"></a>&quot;&thorn;onne he on ealu-bence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oft gesealde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2869"></a>&quot;heal-sittendum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm and byrnan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2870">2870</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;eóden his &thorn;egnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce he &thorn;ry&eth;lîcost</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2871">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2871"></a>&quot;ôhwær feor o&eth;&eth;e neáh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;findan meahte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2872"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he genunga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-gewædu</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2873">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2873"></a>&quot;wrâ&eth;e forwurpe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â hyne wîg beget,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2874">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2874"></a>&quot;nealles folc-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyrd-gesteallum</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2875">2875</a><div class="line">&quot;gylpan &thorn;orfte;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwä&eth;re him god û&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2876"></a>&quot;sigora waldend,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät he hyne sylfne gewräc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2877"></a>&quot;âna mid ecge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him wäs elnes &thorn;earf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2878"></a>&quot;Ic him lîf-wra&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lytle meahte</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2879">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2879"></a>&quot;ätgifan ät gû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and ongan swâ &thorn;eáh</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2880">2880</a><div class="line">&quot;ofer mîn gemet&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mæges helpan:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2881"></a>&quot;symle wäs &thorn;ý sæmra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne ic sweorde drep</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2882"></a>&quot;ferh&eth;-genî&eth;lan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fýr unswî&eth;or</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2883"></a>&quot;weóll of gewitte.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wergendra tô lyt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2884"></a>&quot;&thorn;rong ymbe &thorn;eóden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hyne sió &thorn;rag becwom.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2885">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2885">2885</a><div class="line">&quot;Nu sceal sinc-&thorn;ego&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and swyrd-gifu</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2886">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2886"></a>&quot;eall ê&eth;el-wyn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eówrum cynne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2887"></a>&quot;lufen âlicgean:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lond-rihtes môt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2888"></a>&quot;&thorn;ære mæg-burge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;monna æghwylc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2889"></a>&quot;îdel hweorfan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an ä&eth;elingas</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2890">2890</a><div class="line">&quot;feorran gefricgean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fleám eówerne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2891"></a>&quot;dôm-leásan dæd.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Deá&eth; bi&eth; sêlla</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2892">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2892"></a>&quot;eorla gehwylcum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne edwît-lîf!&quot;</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXL"></a><h2>XL. THE SOLDIER'S DIRGE AND PROPHECY.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2893"></a>Hêht &thorn;â &thorn;ät hea&eth;o-weorc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hagan biódan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2894"></a>up ofer êg-clif,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær &thorn;ät eorl-weorod</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2895">2895</a><div class="line">morgen-longne däg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;môd-giômor sät,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2896"></a>bord-häbbende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bega on wênum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2897"></a>ende-dôgores&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and eft-cymes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2898"></a>leófes monnes.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lyt swîgode</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2899"></a>niwra spella,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e näs gerâd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2900">2900</a><div class="line">ac he sô&eth;lîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sägde ofer ealle;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2901">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2901"></a>&quot;Nu is wil-geofa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wedra leóda,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2902"></a>&quot;dryhten Geáta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth;-bedde fäst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2903"></a>&quot;wuna&eth; wäl-reste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wyrmes dædum;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2904"></a>&quot;him on efn lige&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdor-gewinna,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2905">2905</a><div class="line">&quot;siex-bennum seóc:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweorde ne meahte</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2906"></a>&quot;on &thorn;am aglæcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænige &thorn;inga</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2907"></a>&quot;wunde gewyrcean.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wîglâf site&eth;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2908"></a>&quot;ofer Biówulfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byre Wihstânes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2909"></a>&quot;eorl ofer ô&eth;rum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;unlifigendum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2910">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2910">2910</a><div class="line">&quot;healde&eth; hige-mê&eth;um&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heáfod-wearde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2911"></a>&quot;leófes and lâ&eth;es.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu ys leódum wên</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2912"></a>&quot;orleg-hwîle,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an underne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2913"></a>&quot;Froncum and Frysum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fyll cyninges</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2914"></a>&quot;wîde weor&eth;e&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wäs sió wrôht scepen</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2915">2915</a><div class="line">&quot;heard wi&eth; Hûgas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an Higelâc cwom</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2916"></a>&quot;faran flot-herge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on Fresna land,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2917"></a>&quot;&thorn;ær hyne Hetware&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde gehnægdon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2918"></a>&quot;elne geeodon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid ofer-mägene,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2919"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät se byrn-wîga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bûgan sceolde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2920">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2920">2920</a><div class="line">&quot;feóll on fê&eth;an:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles frätwe geaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2921"></a>&quot;ealdor dugo&eth;e;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ûs wäs â sy&eth;&eth;an</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2922">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2922"></a>&quot;Merewioinga&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;milts ungyfe&eth;e.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2923"></a>&quot;Ne ic tô Sweó-&thorn;eóde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sibbe o&eth;&eth;e treówe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2924"></a>&quot;wihte ne wêne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac wäs wîde cû&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2925">2925</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ätte Ongen&thorn;ió&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealdre besny&eth;ede</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2926"></a>&quot;Hæ&eth;cyn Hrê&eth;ling&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth; Hrefna-wudu,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2927"></a>&quot;&thorn;â for on-mêdlan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ærest gesôhton</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2928"></a>&quot;Geáta leóde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gû&eth;-scilfingas.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2929"></a>&quot;Sôna him se frôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fäder Ôhtheres,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2930">2930</a><div class="line">&quot;eald and eges-full&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond-slyht âgeaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2931"></a>&quot;âbreót brim-wîsan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brýd âheórde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2932"></a>&quot;gomela ió-meowlan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;golde berofene,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2933"></a>&quot;Onelan môdor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and Ôhtheres,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2934"></a>&quot;and &thorn;â folgode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;feorh-genî&eth;lan</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2935">2935</a><div class="line">&quot;ô&eth; &thorn;ät hî ô&eth;eodon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;earfo&eth;lîce</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2936"></a>&quot;in Hrefnes-holt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlâford-leáse.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2937"></a>&quot;Besät &thorn;â sin-herge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sweorda lâfe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2938"></a>&quot;wundum wêrge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weán oft gehêt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2939"></a>&quot;earmre teohhe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;andlonge niht:</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2940">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2940">2940</a><div class="line">&quot;cwä&eth; he on mergenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mêces ecgum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2941"></a>&quot;getan wolde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sume on galg-treówum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2942"></a>&quot;<i>fuglum</i> tô gamene.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Frôfor eft gelamp</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2943"></a>&quot;sârig-môdum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;somod ær-däge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2944"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an hie Hygelâces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;horn and býman</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2945">2945</a><div class="line">&quot;gealdor ongeâton.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â se gôda com</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2946"></a>&quot;leóda dugo&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on lâst faran.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXLI"></a><h2>XLI. HE TELLS OF THE SWEDES AND THE GEATAS</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li2947"></a>&quot;Wäs sió swât-swa&eth;u&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweona and Geáta,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2948"></a>&quot;wäl-ræs wera&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde gesýne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2949"></a>&quot;hû &thorn;â folc mid him&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fæh&eth;e tôwehton.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2950">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2950">2950</a><div class="line">&quot;Gewât him &thorn;â se gôda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid his gädelingum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2951"></a>&quot;frôd fela geômor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fästen sêcean,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2952"></a>&quot;eorl Ongen&thorn;ió&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ufor oncirde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2953"></a>&quot;häfde Higelâces&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde gefrunen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2954"></a>&quot;wlonces wîg-cräft,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth;res ne trûwode,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2955">2955</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät he sæ-mannum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;onsacan mihte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2956"></a>&quot;heá&eth;o-lî&eth;endum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord forstandan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2957"></a>&quot;bearn and brýde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beáh eft &thorn;onan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2958"></a>&quot;eald under eor&eth;-weall.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;â wäs æht boden</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2959">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2959"></a>&quot;Sweona leódum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;segn Higelâce.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2960">2960</a><div class="line">&quot;Freo&eth;o-wong &thorn;one&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;for&eth; ofereodon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2961"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an Hrê&eth;lingas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô hagan &thorn;rungon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2962"></a>&quot;&THORN;ær wear&eth; Ongen&thorn;ió&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ecgum sweorda,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2963"></a>&quot;blonden-fexa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on bîd wrecen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2964"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät se &thorn;eód-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;afian sceolde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2965">2965</a><div class="line">&quot;Eofores ânne dôm:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyne yrringa</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2966"></a>&quot;Wulf Wonrêding&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wæpne geræhte,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2967"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät him for swenge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swât ædrum sprong</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2968"></a>&quot;for&eth; under fexe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Näs he forht swâ &thorn;êh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2969"></a>&quot;gomela Scilfing,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac forgeald hra&eth;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2970">2970</a><div class="line">&quot;wyrsan wrixle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-hlem &thorn;one,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2971"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an &thorn;eód-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;yder oncirde:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2972"></a>&quot;ne meahte se snella&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Wonrêdes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2973"></a>&quot;ealdum ceorle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond-slyht giofan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2974"></a>&quot;ac he him on heáfde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;helm ær gescer,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2975">2975</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät he blôde fâh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bûgan sceolde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2976"></a>&quot;feóll on foldan;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;näs he fæge &thorn;â git,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2977">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2977"></a>&quot;ac he hyne gewyrpte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;eáh &thorn;e him wund hrîne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2978"></a>&quot;Lêt se hearda&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâces &thorn;egn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2979"></a>&quot;brâdne mêce,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â his brô&eth;or läg,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2980">2980</a><div class="line">&quot;eald sweord eotonisc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;entiscne helm,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2981"></a>&quot;brecan ofer bord-weal:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â gebeáh cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2982"></a>&quot;folces hyrde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs in feorh dropen.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2983"></a>&quot;&THORN;â wæron monige,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e his mæg wri&eth;on,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2984"></a>&quot;ricone ârærdon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â him gerýmed wear&eth;,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2985">2985</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät hie wäl-stôwe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wealdan môston.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2986"></a>&quot;&THORN;enden reáfode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rinc ô&eth;erne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2987"></a>&quot;nam on Ongen&thorn;ió&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îren-byrnan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2988"></a>&quot;heard swyrd hilted&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his helm somod;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2989">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li2989"></a>&quot;hâres hyrste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higelâce bär.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li2990">2990</a><div class="line">&quot;He &thorn;<i>âm</i> frätwum fêng&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and him fägre gehêt</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2991"></a>&quot;leána <i>fore</i> leódum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and gelæste swâ:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2992"></a>&quot;geald &thorn;one gû&eth;-ræs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta dryhten,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2993"></a>&quot;Hrê&eth;les eafora,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he tô hâm becom,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2994"></a>&quot;Jofore and Wulfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mid ofer-mâ&eth;mum,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note2995">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li2995">2995</a><div class="line">&quot;sealde hiora gehwä&eth;rum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hund &thorn;ûsenda</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2996"></a>&quot;landes and locenra beága;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne &thorn;orfte him &thorn;â leán ô&eth;wîtan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2997"></a>&quot;mon on middan-gearde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sy&eth;&eth;an hie &thorn;â mær&eth;a geslôgon;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2998"></a>&quot;and &thorn;â Jofore forgeaf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ângan dôhtor,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li2999"></a>&quot;hâm-weor&eth;unge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyldo tô wedde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3000">3000</a><div class="line">&quot;&THORN;ät ys sió fæh&eth;o&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and se feónd-scipe,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3001"></a>&quot;wäl-nî&eth; wera,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;äs &thorn;e ic <i>wên</i> hafo,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3002"></a>&quot;&thorn;e ûs sêcea&eth; tô&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sweona leóde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3003"></a>&quot;sy&eth;&eth;an hie gefricgea&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán ûserne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3004"></a>&quot;ealdor-leásne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one &thorn;e ær geheóld</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3005">3005</a><div class="line">&quot;wi&eth; hettendum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord and rîce,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3006">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3006"></a>&quot;äfter häle&eth;a hryre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwate Scylfingas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3007"></a>&quot;folc-ræd fremede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o&eth;&eth;e fur&eth;ur gen</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3008">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3008"></a>&quot;eorl-scipe efnde.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu is ôfost betost,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3009"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät we &thorn;eód-cyning&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær sceáwian</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3010">3010</a><div class="line">&quot;and &thorn;one gebringan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e ûs beágas geaf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3011"></a>&quot;on âd-färe.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ne scel ânes hwät</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3012"></a>&quot;meltan mid &thorn;am môdigan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac &thorn;ær is mâ&eth;ma hord.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3013"></a>&quot;gold unrîme&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;grimme geceá<i>po</i>d</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3014"></a>&quot;and nu ät sî&eth;estan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sylfes feore</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3015">3015</a><div class="line">&quot;beágas <i>geboh</i>te;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â sceal brond fretan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3016"></a>&quot;äled &thorn;eccean,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles eorl wegan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3017"></a>&quot;mâ&eth;&eth;um tô gemyndum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne mäg&eth; scýne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3018"></a>&quot;habban on healse&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hring-weor&eth;unge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3019"></a>&quot;ac sceall geômor-môd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;golde bereáfod</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3020">3020</a><div class="line">&quot;oft nalles æne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;el-land tredan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3021"></a>&quot;nu se here-wîsa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hleahtor âlegde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3022">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3022"></a>&quot;gamen and gleó-dreám.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;For&thorn;on sceall gâr wesan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3023"></a>&quot;monig morgen-ceald&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mundum bewunden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3024"></a>&quot;häfen on handa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nalles hearpan swêg</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3025">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3025">3025</a><div class="line">&quot;wîgend weccean,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac se wonna hrefn</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3026"></a>&quot;fûs ofer fægum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fela reordian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3027"></a>&quot;earne secgan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hû him ät æte speów,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3028"></a>&quot;&thorn;enden he wi&eth; wulf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl reáfode.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3029"></a>Swâ se secg hwata&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;secgende wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3030">3030</a><div class="line">lâ&eth;ra spella;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;he ne leág fela</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3031"></a>wyrda ne worda.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weorod eall ârâs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3032"></a>eodon unblî&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under Earna näs</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3033">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3033"></a>wollen-teáre&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundur sceáwian.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3034"></a>Fundon &thorn;â on sande&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sâwul-leásne</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3035">3035</a><div class="line">hlim-bed healdan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;one &thorn;e him hringas geaf</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3036"></a>ærran mælum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â wäs ende-däg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3037"></a>gôdum gegongen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se gû&eth;-cyning,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3038"></a>Wedra &thorn;eóden,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wundor-deá&eth;e swealt.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3039">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3039"></a>Ær hî gesêgan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;syllîcran wiht,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3040">3040</a><div class="line">wyrm on wonge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wi&eth;er-rähtes &thorn;ær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3041"></a>lâ&eth;ne licgean:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs se lêg-draca,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3042">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3042"></a>grimlîc gry<i>re-gäst</i>,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;glêdum beswæled,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3043"></a>se wäs fîftiges&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fôt-gemearces.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3044">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3044"></a>lang on legere,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lyft-wynne heóld</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3045">3045</a><div class="line">nihtes hwîlum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ny&eth;er eft gewât</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3046"></a>dennes niósian;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;â deá&eth;e fäst,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3047"></a>häfde eor&eth;-scrafa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende genyttod.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3048"></a>Him big stôdan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bunan and orcas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3049"></a>discas lâgon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and dýre swyrd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3050">3050</a><div class="line">ômige &thorn;urh-etone,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hie wi&eth; eor&eth;an fä&eth;m</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3051"></a>&thorn;ûsend wintra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær eardodon:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3052"></a>&thorn;onne wäs &thorn;ät yrfe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eácen-cräftig,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3053">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3053"></a>iú-monna gold&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;galdre bewunden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3054"></a>&thorn;ät &thorn;am hring-sele&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hrînan ne môste</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3055">3055</a><div class="line">gumena ænig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nefne god sylfa,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3056"></a>sigora sô&eth;-cyning,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sealde &thorn;am &thorn;e he wolde</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3057">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3057"></a>(he is manna gehyld)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord openian,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3058"></a>efne swâ hwylcum manna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ him gemet &thorn;ûhte.</div>
+
+
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXLII"></a><h2>XLII. WÎGLAF SPEAKS. THE BUILDING OF THE BALE-FIRE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li3059"></a>&THORN;â wäs gesýne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät se sî&eth; ne &thorn;âh</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3060">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3060">3060</a><div class="line">&thorn;am &thorn;e unrihte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;inne gehýdde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3061"></a>wräte under wealle.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Weard ær ofslôh</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3062"></a>feára sumne;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â sió fæh&eth; gewear&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3063">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3063"></a>gewrecen wrâ&eth;lîce.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wundur hwâr, &thorn;onne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3064"></a>eorl ellen-rôf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gefêre</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3065">3065</a><div class="line">lîf-gesceafta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne leng ne mäg</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3066"></a>mon mid his <i>mâ</i>gum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;medu-seld bûan.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3067"></a>Swâ wäs Biówulfe,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â he biorges weard</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3068"></a>sôhte, searo-nî&eth;as:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;seolfa ne cû&eth;e,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3069"></a>&thorn;urh hwät his worulde gedâl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;weor&eth;an sceolde;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3070">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3070">3070</a><div class="line">swâ hit ô&eth; dômes däg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;diópe benemdon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3071"></a>&thorn;eódnas mære,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â &thorn;ät &thorn;ær dydon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3072"></a>&thorn;ät se secg wære&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;synnum scildig,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3073">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3073"></a>hergum gehea&eth;erod,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hell-bendum fäst,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3074">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3074"></a>wommum gewitnad,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;one wong strâde.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3075">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3075">3075</a><div class="line">Näs he gold-hwät:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gearwor häfde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3076"></a>âgendes êst&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ær gesceáwod.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3077"></a>Wîglâf ma&eth;elode,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wihstânes sunu:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3078"></a>&quot;Oft sceall eorl monig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânes willan</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3079"></a>&quot;wræc âdreógan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ ûs geworden is.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3080">3080</a><div class="line">&quot;Ne meahton we gelæran&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;leófne &thorn;eóden,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3081"></a>&quot;rîces hyrde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ræd ænigne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3082"></a>&quot;&thorn;ät he ne grêtte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gold-weard &thorn;one,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3083"></a>&quot;lête hyne licgean,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he longe wäs,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3084"></a>&quot;wîcum wunian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth; woruld-ende.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3085">3085</a><div class="line">&quot;Heóldon heáh gesceap:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hord ys gesceáwod,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3086">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3086"></a>&quot;grimme gegongen;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäs &thorn;ät gife&eth;e tô swî&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3087"></a>&quot;&thorn;e &thorn;one <i>&thorn;eóden</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;yder ontyhte.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3088"></a>&quot;Ic wäs &thorn;ær inne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and &thorn;ät eall geond-seh,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3089"></a>&quot;recedes geatwa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â me gerýmed wäs,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3090">3090</a><div class="line">&quot;nealles swæslîce&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sî&eth; âlýfed</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3091"></a>&quot;inn under eor&eth;-weall.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ic on ôfoste gefêng</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3092"></a>&quot;micle mid mundum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mägen-byr&eth;enne</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3093"></a>&quot;hord-gestreóna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hider ût ätbär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3094"></a>&quot;cyninge mînum:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cwico wäs &thorn;â gena,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3095">3095</a><div class="line">&quot;wîs and gewittig;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;worn eall gespräc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3096"></a>&quot;gomol on geh&eth;o&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and eówic grêtan hêt,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3097">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3097"></a>&quot;bäd &thorn;ät ge geworhton&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;äfter wines dædum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3098"></a>&quot;in bæl-stede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;beorh &thorn;one heán</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3099"></a>&quot;micelne and mærne,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he manna wäs</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3100">3100</a><div class="line">&quot;wîgend weor&eth;-fullost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde geond eor&eth;an,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3101"></a>&quot;&thorn;enden he burh-welan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;brûcan môste.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3102"></a>&quot;Uton nu êfstan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ô&eth;re <i>sî&eth;e</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3103"></a>&quot;seón and sêcean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;searo-ge&thorn;räc,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3104"></a>&quot;wundur under wealle!&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic eów wîsige,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3105">3105</a><div class="line">&quot;&thorn;ät ge genôge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neán sceáwia&eth;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3106">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3106"></a>&quot;beágas and brâd gold.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sîe sió bær gearo</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3107"></a>&quot;ädre geäfned,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne we ût cymen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3108"></a>&quot;and &thorn;onne geferian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;freán ûserne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3109"></a>&quot;leófne mannan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær he longe sceal</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3110">3110</a><div class="line">&quot;on &thorn;äs waldendes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wære ge&thorn;olian.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3111"></a>Hêt &thorn;â gebeódan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;byre Wihstânes,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3112"></a>häle hilde-diór,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;häle&eth;a monegum</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3113"></a>bold-âgendra,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ät hie bæl-wudu</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3114">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3114"></a>feorran feredon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folc-âgende</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3115">3115</a><div class="line">gôdum tôgênes:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&quot;Nu sceal glêd fretan</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3116">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3116"></a>&quot;(weaxan wonna lêg)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgena strengel,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3117"></a>&quot;&thorn;one &thorn;e oft gebâd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;îsern-scûre,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3118"></a>&quot;&thorn;onne stræla storm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;strengum gebæded,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3119"></a>&quot;scôc ofer scild-weall,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sceft nytte heóld,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3120">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3120">3120</a><div class="line">&quot;fe&eth;er-gearwum fûs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;flâne full-eode.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3121"></a>Hûru se snotra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sunu Wihstânes</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3122"></a>âcîgde of cor&eth;re&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cyninges &thorn;egnas</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3123"></a>syfone <i>tôsom</i>ne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â sêlestan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3124">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3124"></a>eode eahta sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under inwit-hrôf;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3125">3125</a><div class="line">hilde-rinc sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on handa bär</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3126"></a>äled-leóman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se &thorn;e on orde geóng.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3127"></a>Näs &thorn;â on hlytme,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwâ &thorn;ät hord strude,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3128"></a>sy&eth;&eth;an or-wearde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ænigne dæl</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3129"></a>secgas gesêgon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on sele wunian,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3130">3130</a><div class="line">læne licgan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lyt ænig mearn,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3131"></a>&thorn;ät hi ôfostlice&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ût geferedon</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3132"></a>dýre mâ&eth;mas;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dracan êc scufun,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3133"></a>wyrm ofer weall-clif,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lêton wæg niman,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3134"></a>flôd fä&eth;mian&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;frätwa hyrde.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3135">3135</a><div class="line">&THORN;ær wäs wunden gold&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on wæn hladen,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3136">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3136"></a>æghwäs unrîm,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ä&eth;eling boren,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3137"></a>hâr hilde-<i>rinc</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tô Hrones nässe.</div>
+</div>
+<div class="fitt">
+<a name="fittXLIII"></a><h2>XLIII. BEÓWULF'S FUNERAL PYRE.</h2>
+
+<div class="line"><a name="li3138"></a>Him &thorn;â gegiredan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3139"></a>âd on eor&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;un-wâclîcne,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3140">3140</a><div class="line">helmum behongen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-bordum,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3141"></a>beorhtum byrnum,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ he bêna wäs;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3142"></a>âlegdon &thorn;â tô-middes&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mærne &thorn;eóden</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3143"></a>häle&eth; hiófende,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hlâford leófne.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3144"></a>Ongunnon &thorn;â on beorge&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bæl-fýra mæst</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3145">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="li3145">3145</a><div class="line">wîgend weccan:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wudu-rêc âstâh</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3146">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3146"></a>sweart ofer swio&eth;ole,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swôgende lêg,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3147">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3147"></a>wôpe bewunden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(wind-blond geläg)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3148"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät he &thorn;â bân-hûs&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gebrocen häfde,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3149"></a>hât on hre&eth;re.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Higum unrôte</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3150">3150</a><div class="line">môd-ceare mændon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mon-dryhtnes cwealm;</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3151">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3151"></a>swylce giômor-gyd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#x2020; lat . <sup>con</sup> meowle</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3152"></a>. . . . .&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wunden heorde . . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3153"></a>serg (?) cearig sælde&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;geneahhe</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3154"></a>&thorn;ät hio hyre . . . . gas hearde</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3155">3155</a><div class="line">. . . . . ede&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wälfylla wonn . .</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3156"></a>hildes egesan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hy&eth;o</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3157"></a>haf mid&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heofon rêce swealh (?)</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3158"></a>Geworhton &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wedra leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3159"></a>hlæw on hli&eth;e,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;se wäs heáh and brâd,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3160">3160</a><div class="line">wæg-lî&eth;endum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîde gesýne,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3161"></a>and betimbredon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on tyn dagum</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3162">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3162"></a>beadu-rôfes bêcn:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bronda be<i>tost</i></div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3163"></a>wealle beworhton,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hyt weor&eth;lîcost</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3164"></a>fore-snotre men&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;findan mihton.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3165">3165</a><div class="line">Hî on beorg dydon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bêg and siglu,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3166"></a>eall swylce hyrsta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swylce on horde ær</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3167"></a>nî&eth;-hydige men&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;genumen häfdon;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3168"></a>forlêton eorla gestreón&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;an healdan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3169"></a>gold on greóte,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;ær hit nu gen lifa&eth;</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3170">3170</a><div class="line">eldum swâ unnyt,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hit <i>æror</i> wäs.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3171">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3171"></a>&THORN;â ymbe hlæw riodan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hilde-deóre,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3172"></a>ä&eth;elinga bearn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ealra twelfa,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3173">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3173"></a>woldon <i>ceare</i> cwî&eth;an,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;kyning mænan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3174"></a>word-gyd wrecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and ymb wer sprecan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3175">3175</a><div class="line">eahtodan eorl-scipe&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and his ellen-weorc</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3176"></a>dugu&eth;um dêmdon,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hit ge-<i>dêfe</i> bi&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3177"></a>&thorn;ät mon his wine-dryhten&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wordum hêrge,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3178"></a>ferh&eth;um freóge,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne he for&eth; scile</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3179"></a>of lîc-haman&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>læne</i> weor&eth;an.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="li3180">3180</a><div class="line">Swâ begnornodon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geáta leóde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3181"></a>hlâfordes <em>hry</em>re,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heor&eth;-geneátas,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="li3182"></a>cwædon &thorn;ät he wære&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;woruld-cyning</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3183">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3183"></a>mannum mildust&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and mon-&thorn;wærust,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#note3184">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="li3184"></a>leódum lî&eth;ost&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and lof-geornost.</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="back">
+<h1>APPENDIX</h1>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#finnotes">&#x2020;</a><h2><a name="finnsburg"></a>THE ATTACK IN FINNSBURG.<a href="#li1069" title="See v. 1069 seqq.">&#x2021;</a></h2>
+
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote1">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli1"></a>&quot;. . . . . . . . . . . näs byrna&eth; næfre.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli2"></a>Hleo&eth;rode &thorn;â&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hea&eth;o-geong cyning:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli3"></a>&quot;Ne &thorn;is ne daga&eth; eástan,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ne her draca ne fleóge&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli4"></a>&quot;ne her &thorn;isse healle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hornas ne byrna&eth;,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote5">&#x2020;</a><a name="finli5" class="lineno">5</a><div class="line">&quot;ac fêr for&eth; bera&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fugelas singa&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli6"></a>&quot;gylle&eth; græg-hama,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gû&eth;-wudu hlynne&eth;,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli7"></a>&quot;scyld scefte oncwy&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nu scýne&eth; &thorn;es môna</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli8"></a>&quot;wa&eth;ol under wolcnum;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nu ârîsa&eth; weá-dæda,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli9"></a>&quot;&thorn;e &thorn;isne folces nî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fremman willa&eth;.</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="finli10">10</a><div class="line">&quot;Ac onwacnigea&eth; nu,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wîgend mîne,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote11">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli11"></a>&quot;hebba&eth; eówre handa,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hicgea&eth; on ellen,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli12"></a>&quot;winna&eth; on orde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wesa&eth; on môde!&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli13"></a>&THORN;â ârâs monig gold-hladen &thorn;egn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gyrde hine his swurde;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli14"></a>&thorn;â tô dura eodon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;drihtlîce cempan,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote15">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="finli15">15</a><div class="line">Sigefer&eth; and Eaha,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyra sweord getugon,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli16"></a>and ät ô&eth;rum durum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ordlâf and Gû&eth;lâf,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli17"></a>and Hengest sylf;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwearf him on lâste.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote18">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli18"></a>&THORN;â git Gârulf&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gû&eth;ere styrode,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli19"></a>&thorn;ät hie swâ freólîc feorh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forman sî&eth;e</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="finli20">20</a><div class="line">tô &thorn;ære healle durum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyrsta ne bæran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli21"></a>nu hyt nî&eth;a heard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânyman wolde:</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli22"></a>ac he frägn ofer eal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;undearninga,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli23"></a>deór-môd häle&eth;,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hwâ &thorn;â duru heólde.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli24"></a>&quot;Sigefer&eth; is mîn nama (cwä&eth; he),&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ic eom Secgena leód,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="finli25">25</a><div class="line">&quot;wrecca wîde cû&eth;.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fela ic weána gebâd,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli26"></a>&quot;heardra hilda;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;e is gyt her witod,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote27">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli27"></a>&quot;swä&eth;er &thorn;u sylf tô me&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêcean wylle.&quot;</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli28"></a>&THORN;â wäs on wealle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;wäl-slihta gehlyn,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote29">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli29"></a>sceolde cêlod bord&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cênum on handa</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote30">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="finli30">30</a><div class="line">bân-helm berstan.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Buruh-&thorn;elu dynede,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli31"></a>ô&eth; &thorn;ät ät &thorn;ære gû&eth;e&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gârulf gecrang,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli32"></a>ealra ærest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;eor&eth;-bûendra,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli33"></a>Gû&eth;lâfes sunu;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ymbe hine gôdra fela.</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote34">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli34"></a>Hwearf flacra hræw&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hräfn, wandrode</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="finli35">35</a><div class="line">sweart and sealo-brûn;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swurd-leóma stôd</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli36"></a>swylce eal Finns-buruh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fýrenu wære.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli37"></a>Ne gefrägn ic næfre wur&eth;lîcor&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ät wera hilde</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli38"></a>sixtig sige-beorna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sêl gebæran,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli39"></a>ne næfre swânas swêtne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;medo sêl forgyldan,</div>
+<a class="lineno" name="finli40">40</a><div class="line">&thorn;onne Hnäfe guldon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;his häg-stealdas.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli41"></a>Hig fuhton fîf dagas,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;swâ hyra nân ne feól</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote43">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli42"></a>driht-gesî&eth;a,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ac hig &thorn;â duru heóldon.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli43"></a>&THORN;â gewât him wund häle&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;on wäg gangan,</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli44"></a>sæde &thorn;ät his byrne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;âbrocen wære,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote45">&#x2020;</a><a class="lineno" name="finli45">45</a><div class="line">here-sceorpum hrôr,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;and eác wäs his helm &thorn;yrl.</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli56"></a>&THORN;â hine sôna frägn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;folces hyrde,</div>
+<a class="nref" href="#finnote47">&#x2020;</a><div class="line"><a name="finli47"></a>hû &thorn;â wîgend&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyra wunda genæson</div>
+<div class="line"><a name="finli48"></a>o&eth;&eth;e hwä&eth;er &thorn;æra hyssa . . . . . . .</div>
+
+<h2>LIST OF NAMES; NOTES; AND GLOSSARY.</h2>
+
+<p>ABBREVIATIONS</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td>m.:</td><td>masculine.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>f.:</td><td>feminine.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>n.:</td><td>neuter.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>nom., gen.:</td><td>nominative, genitive, etc.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>w.:</td><td>weak.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>w. v.:</td><td>weak verb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>st.:</td><td>strong.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>st. v.:</td><td>strong verb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>I., II., III.:</td><td>first, second, third person.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>comp.:</td><td>compound.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>imper.:</td><td>imperative.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>w.:</td><td>with.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>instr.:</td><td>instrumental.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>G. and Goth.:</td><td>Gothic.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>O.N.:</td><td>Old Norse.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>O.S.:</td><td>Old Saxon.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>O.H.G.:</td><td>Old High German.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>M.H.G.:</td><td>Middle High German.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<table>
+<tr><td>The vowel</td><td>ä = <i>a</i> in <i>glad</i></td><td>}</td></tr>
+<tr><td>The diphthong</td><td>æ = <i>a</i> in <i>hair</i></td><td>}</td><td>approximately.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>The names Leo, Bugge, Rieger, etc., refer to authors of emendations.</p>
+
+<p>Words beginning with <b>ge-</b> will be found under their root-word.</p>
+
+<p>Obvious abbreviations, like subj., etc., are not included in this list.</p>
+
+<a name="names"></a><h2>LIST OF NAMES.</h2>
+
+<p><b>Abel</b>, Cain's brother, <a href="#li108">108</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Älf-here</b> (gen. Älf-heres, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>), a kinsman of Wîglâf's, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Äsc-here</b>, confidential adviser of King Hrô&eth;gâr (<a href="#li1326">1326</a>), older brother
+of Yrmenlâf (<a href="#li1325">1325</a>), killed by Grendel's mother, <a href="#li1295">1295</a>, <a href="#li1324">1324</a>, <a href="#li2123">2123</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Bân-stân</b>, father of Breca, <a href="#li524">524</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Beó-wulf</b>, son of Scyld, king of the Danes, <a href="#li18">18</a>, <a href="#li19">19</a>. After the death
+of his father, he succeeds to the throne of the Scyldings, <a href="#li53">53</a>. His son is
+Healfdene, <a href="#li57">57</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Beó-wulf</b> (Biówulf, <a href="#li1988">1988</a>, <a href="#li2390">2390</a>; gen. Beówulfes, <a href="#li857">857</a>, etc., Biówulfes,
+<a href="#li2195">2195</a>, <a href="#li2808">2808</a>, etc.; dat. Beówulfe, <a href="#li610">610</a>, etc., Biówulfe, <a href="#li2325">2325</a>, <a href="#li2843">2843</a>), of the
+race of the Geátas. His father is the Wægmunding Ecg&thorn;eów (<a href="#li263">263</a>, etc.); his
+mother a daughter of Hrê&eth;el, king of the Geátas (<a href="#li374">374</a>), at whose court he is
+brought up after his seventh year with Hrê&eth;el's sons, Herebeald, Hæ&eth;cyn,
+and Hygelâc, <a href="#li2429">2429</a> ff. In his youth lazy and unapt (<a href="#li2184">2184</a> f., <a href="#li2188">2188</a> f.); as
+man he attains in the gripe of his hand the strength of thirty men, <a href="#li379">379</a>.
+Hence his victories in his combats with bare hands (<a href="#li711">711</a> ff., <a href="#li2502">2502</a> ff.),
+while fate denies him the victory in the battle with swords, <a href="#li2683">2683</a> f. His
+swimming-match with Breca in his youth, <a href="#li506">506</a> ff. Goes with fourteen Geátas
+to the assistance of the Danish king, Hrô&eth;gâr, against Grendel, <a href="#li198">198</a> ff. His
+combat with Grendel, and his victory, <a href="#li711">711</a> ff., <a href="#li819">819</a> ff. He is, in
+consequence, presented with rich gifts by Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1021">1021</a> ff. His combat with
+Grendel's mother, <a href="#li1442">1442</a> ff. Having again received gifts, he leaves Hrô&eth;gâr
+(<a href="#li1818">1818-1888</a>), and returns to Hygelâc, <a href="#li1964">1964</a> ff.&mdash;After Hygelâc's last battle
+and death, he flees alone across the sea, <a href="#li2360">2360</a> f. In this battle he crushes
+Däghrefn, one of the Hûgas, to death, <a href="#li2502">2502</a> f. He rejects at the same time
+Hygelâc's kingdom and the hand of his widow (<a href="#li2370">2370</a> ff.), but carries on the
+government as guardian of the young Heardrêd, son of Hygelâc, <a href="#li2378">2378</a> ff.
+After Heardrêd's death, the kingdom falls to Beówulf, <a href="#li2208">2208</a>,
+<a href="#li2390">2390</a>.&mdash;Afterwards, on an expedition to avenge the murdered Heardrêd, he
+kills the Scylfing, Eádgils (<a href="#li2397">2397</a>), and probably conquers his country.
+&mdash;His fight with the drake, <a href="#li2539">2539</a> ff. His death, <a href="#li2818">2818</a>. His burial, <a href="#li3135">3135</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Breca</b> (acc. Brecan, <a href="#li506">506</a>, <a href="#li531">531</a>), son of Beánstân, <a href="#li524">524</a>. Chief of the
+Brondings, <a href="#li521">521</a>. His swimming-match with Beówulf, <a href="#li506">506</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Brondingas</b> (gen. Brondinga, <a href="#li521">521</a>), Breca, their chief, <a href="#li521">521</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Brosinga mene</b>, corrupted from, or according to Müllenhoff, written
+by mistake for, Breosinga mene (O.N., Brisinga men, cf. Haupts Zeitschr.
+XII. 304), collar, which the Brisingas once possessed.</p>
+
+<p><b>Cain</b> (gen. Caines, <a href="#li107">107</a>): descended from him are Grendel and his kin,
+<a href="#li107">107</a>, <a href="#li1262">1262</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Däg-hrefn</b> (dat. Däghrefne, <a href="#li2502">2502</a>), a warrior of the Hûgas, who,
+according to <a href="#li2504">2504-5</a>, compared with <a href="#li1203">1203</a>, and with <a href="#li1208">1208</a>, seems to have been
+the slayer of King Hygelâc, in his battle against the allied Franks,
+Frisians, and Hûgas. Is crushed to death by Beówulf in a hand-to-hand
+combat, <a href="#li2502">2502</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Dene</b> (gen. Dena, <a href="#li242">242</a>, etc., Denia, <a href="#li2126">2126</a>, Deniga, <a href="#li271">271</a>, etc.; dat.
+Denum, <a href="#li768">768</a>, etc.), as subjects of Scyld and his descendants, they are also
+called Scyldings; and after the first king of the East Danes, Ing
+(Runenlied, <a href="#li22">22</a>), Ing-wine, <a href="#li1045">1045</a>, <a href="#li1320">1320</a>. They are also once called Hrê&eth;men,
+<a href="#li445">445</a>. On account of their renowned warlike character, they bore the names
+Gâr-Dene, <a href="#li1">1</a>, <a href="#li1857">1857</a>, Hring-Dene (Armor-Danes), <a href="#li116">116</a>, <a href="#li1280">1280</a>, Beorht-Dene, <a href="#li427">427</a>,
+<a href="#li610">610</a>. The great extent of this people is indicated by their names from the
+four quarters of the heavens: Eást-Dene, <a href="#li392">392</a>, <a href="#li617">617</a>, etc., West-Dene, <a href="#li383">383</a>,
+<a href="#li1579">1579</a>, Sû&eth;-Dene, <a href="#li463">463</a>, Nor&eth;-Dene, <a href="#li784">784</a>.&mdash;Their dwelling-place &quot;in
+Scedelandum,&quot; <a href="#li19">19</a>, &quot;on Scedenigge,&quot; <a href="#li1687">1687</a>, &quot;be sæm tweónum,&quot; <a href="#li1686">1686</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ecg-lâf</b> (gen. Ecglâfes, <a href="#li499">499</a>), Hûnfer&eth;'s father, <a href="#li499">499</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ecg-&thorn;eów</b> (nom. Ecg&thorn;eów, <a href="#li263">263</a>, Ecg&thorn;eó, <a href="#li373">373</a>; gen. Ecg&thorn;eówes, <a href="#li529">529</a>, etc.,
+Ecg&thorn;iówes, <a href="#li2000">2000</a>), a far-famed hero of the Geátas, of the house of the
+Wægmundings. Beówulf is the son of Ecg&thorn;eów, by the only daughter of Hrê&eth;el,
+king of the Geátas, <a href="#li262">262</a>, etc. Among the Wylfings, he has slain Hea&eth;olâf
+(<a href="#li460">460</a>), and in consequence he goes over the sea to the Danes (<a href="#li463">463</a>), whose
+king, Hrô&eth;gâr, by means of gold, finishes the strife for him, <a href="#li470">470</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ecg-wela</b> (gen. Ecg-welan, <a href="#li1711">1711</a>). The Scyldings are called his
+descendants, <a href="#li1711">1711</a>. Grein considers him the founder of the older dynasty of
+Danish kings, which closes with Heremôd. See <b>Heremôd</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Elan</b>, daughter of Healfdene, king of the Danes, (?) <a href="#li62">62</a>. According to
+the restored text, she is the wife of Ongen&thorn;eów, the Scylfing, <a href="#li62">62</a>, <a href="#li63">63</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Earna-näs</b>, the Eagle Cape in the land of the Geátas, where occurred
+Beówulf's fight with the drake, <a href="#li3032">3032</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eádgils</b> (dat. Eádgilse, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>), son of Ôhthere, and grandson of
+Ongen&thorn;eów, the Scylfing, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>. His older brother is</p>
+
+<p><b>Eánmund</b> (gen. Eánmundes, <a href="#li2612">2612</a>). What is said about both in our poem
+(<a href="#li2201">2201-2207</a>, <a href="#li2380">2380-2397</a>, <a href="#li2612">2612-2620</a>) is obscure, but the following may be
+conjectured:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>The sons of Ôhthere, Eánmund and Eádgils, have rebelled against their
+father (<a href="#li2382">2382</a>), and must, in consequence, depart with their followers from
+Swiórîce, <a href="#li2205">2205-6</a>, <a href="#li2380">2380</a>. They come into the country of the Geátas to
+Heardrêd (<a href="#li2380">2380</a>), but whether with friendly or hostile intent is not stated;
+but, according to <a href="#li2203">2203</a> f., we are to presume that they came against
+Heardrêd with designs of conquest. At a banquet (on feorme; or feorme, MS.)
+Heardrêd falls, probably through treachery, by the hand of one of the
+brothers, <a href="#li2386">2386</a>, <a href="#li2207">2207</a>. The murderer must have been Eánmund, to whom,
+according to <a href="#li2613">2613</a>, &quot;in battle the revenge of Weohstân brings death.&quot;
+Weohstân takes revenge for his murdered king, and exercises upon Eánmund's
+body the booty-right, and robs it of helm, breastplate, and sword
+(<a href="#li2616">2616-17</a>), which the slain man had received as gifts from his uncle, Onela,
+<a href="#li2617">2617-18</a>. But Weohstân does not speak willingly of this fight, although he
+has slain Onela's brother's son, <a href="#li2619">2619-20</a>.&mdash;After Heardrêd's and Eánmund's
+death, the descendant of Ongen&thorn;eów, Eádgils, returns to his home, <a href="#li2388">2388</a>. He
+must give way before Beówulf, who has, since Heardrêd's death, ascended the
+throne of the Geátas, <a href="#li2390">2390</a>. But Beówulf remembers it against him in after
+days, and the old feud breaks out anew, <a href="#li2392">2392-94</a>. Eádgils makes an invasion
+into the land of the Geátas (<a href="#li2394">2394-95</a>), during which he falls at the hands
+of Beówulf, <a href="#li2397">2397</a>. The latter must have then obtained the sovereignty over
+the Sweonas (<a href="#li3005">3005-6</a>, where only the version, Scylfingas, can give a
+satisfactory sense).</p>
+
+<p><b>Eofor</b> (gen. Eofores, <a href="#li2487">2487</a>, <a href="#li2965">2965</a>; dat. Jofore, <a href="#li2994">2994</a>, <a href="#li2998">2998</a>), one of
+the Geátas, son of Wonrêd and brother of Wulf (<a href="#li2965">2965</a>, <a href="#li2979">2979</a>), kills the
+Swedish king, Ongen&thorn;eów (<a href="#li2487">2487</a> ff., <a href="#li2978">2978-82</a>), for which he receives from
+King Hygelâc, along with other gifts, his only daughter in marriage,
+<a href="#li2994">2994-99</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eormen-rîc</b> (gen. Eormenrîces, <a href="#li1202">1202</a>), king of the Goths (cf. about
+him, W. Grimm, Deutsche Heldensage, p. 2, ff.). Hâma has wrested the
+Brosinga mene from him, <a href="#li1202">1202</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eomær</b>, son of Offa and &THORN;ry&eth;o (cf. &THORN;ry&eth;o), <a href="#li1961">1961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Finn</b> (gen. Finnes, <a href="#li1069">1069</a>, etc.; dat. Finne, <a href="#li1129">1129</a>), son of Folcwalda
+(<a href="#li1090">1090</a>), king of the North Frisians, i.e. of the Eotenas, husband of
+Hildeburg, a daughter of Hôc, <a href="#li1072">1072</a>, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>. He is the hero of the inserted
+poem on the Attack in Finnsburg, the obscure incidents of which are,
+perhaps, as follows: In Finn's castle, Finnsburg, situated in Jutland
+(<a href="#li1126">1126-28</a>), the Hôcing, Hnäf, a relative&mdash;perhaps a brother&mdash;of Hildeburg is
+spending some time as guest. Hnäf, who is a liegeman of the Danish king,
+Healfdene, has sixty men with him (Finnsburg, <a href="#li38">38</a>). These are treacherously
+attacked one night by Finn's men, <a href="#li1073">1073</a>. For five days they hold the doors
+of their lodging-place without losing one of their number (Finnsburg, <a href="#li41">41</a>,
+<a href="#li42">42</a>). Then, however, Hnäf is slain (<a href="#li1071">1071</a>), and the Dane, Hengest, who was
+among Hnäf's followers, assumes the command of the beleaguered band. But on
+the attacking side the fight has brought terrible losses to Finn's men.
+Their numbers are diminished (<a href="#li1081">1081</a> f.), and Hildeburg bemoans a son and a
+brother among the fallen (<a href="#li1074">1074</a> f., cf. <a href="#li1116">1116</a>, <a href="#li1119">1119</a>). Therefore the Frisians
+offer the Danes peace (<a href="#li1086">1086</a>) under the conditions mentioned (<a href="#li1087">1087-1095</a>),
+and it is confirmed with oaths (<a href="#li1097">1097</a>), and money is given by Finn in
+propitiation (<a href="#li1108">1108</a>). Now all who have survived the battle go together to
+Friesland, the homo proper of Finn, and here Hengest remains during the
+winter, prevented by ice and storms from returning home (Grein). But in
+spring the feud breaks out anew. Gû&eth;lâf and Oslâf avenge Hnäf's fall,
+probably after they have brought help from home (<a href="#li1150">1150</a>). In the battle, the
+hall is filled with the corpses of the enemy. Finn himself is killed, and
+the queen is captured and carried away, along with the booty, to the land
+of the Danes, <a href="#li1147">1147-1160</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Finna land.</b> Beówulf reaches it in his swimming-race with Breca, <a href="#li580">580</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fitela</b>, the son and nephew of the Wälsing, Sigemund, and his
+companion in arms, <a href="#li876">876-890</a>. (Sigemund had begotten Fitela by his sister,
+Signý. Cf. more at length Leo on Beówulf, p. 38 ff., where an extract from
+the legend of the Walsungs is given.)</p>
+
+<p><b>Folc-walda</b> (gen. Folc-waldan, <a href="#li1090">1090</a>), Finn's father, <a href="#li1090">1090</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Francan</b> (gen. Francna, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>; dat. Froncum, <a href="#li2913">2913</a>). King Hygelâc fell
+on an expedition against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>,
+<a href="#li2917">2917</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fresan, Frisan, Frysan</b> (gen. Fresena, <a href="#li1094">1094</a>, Frysna, <a href="#li1105">1105</a>, Fresna,
+<a href="#li2916">2916</a>: dat. Frysum, <a href="#li1208">1208</a>, <a href="#li2913">2913</a>). To be distinguished, are: 1) North
+Frisians, whose king is Finn, <a href="#li1069">1069</a> ff.; 2) West Frisians, in alliance with
+the Franks and Hûgas, in the war against whom Hygelâc falls, <a href="#li1208">1208</a>, <a href="#li2916">2916</a>.
+The country of the former is called Frysland, <a href="#li1127">1127</a>; that of the latter,
+Fresna land, <a href="#li2916">2916</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Fr..es wäl</b> (in Fr..es wäle, <a href="#li1071">1071</a>), mutilated proper name.</p>
+
+<p><b>Freáwaru</b>, daughter of the Danish king, Hrô&eth;gâr; given in marriage to
+Ingeld, the son of the Hea&eth;obeard king, Frôda, in order to end a war
+between the Danes and the Hea&eth;obeardnas, <a href="#li2023">2023</a> ff., <a href="#li2065">2065</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Frôda</b> (gen. Frôdan), father of Ingeld, the husband of Freáware,
+<a href="#li2026">2026</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gârmund</b> (gen. Gârmundes, <a href="#li1963">1963</a>) father of Offa. His grandson is
+Eómær, <a href="#li1961">1961-63</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Geátas</b> (gen. Geáta, <a href="#li205">205</a>, etc.; dat. Geátum, <a href="#li195">195</a>, etc.), a tribe in
+Southern Scandinavia, to which the hero of this poem belongs; also called
+Wedergeátas, <a href="#li1493">1493</a>, <a href="#li2552">2552</a>; or, Wederas, <a href="#li225">225</a>, <a href="#li423">423</a>, etc.; Gû&eth;geátas, <a href="#li1539">1539</a>;
+Sægeátas, <a href="#li1851">1851</a>, <a href="#li1987">1987</a>. Their kings named in this poem are: Hrê&eth;el; Hæ&eth;cyn,
+second son of Hrê&eth;el; Hygelâc, the brother of Hæ&eth;cyn; Heardrêd, son of
+Hygelâc; then Beówulf.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gif&eth;as</b> (dat. Gif&eth;um, <a href="#li2495">2495</a>), Gepidæ, mentioned in connection with
+Danes and Swedes, <a href="#li2495">2495</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Grendel</b>, a fen-spirit (<a href="#li102">102-3</a>) of Cain's race, <a href="#li107">107</a>, <a href="#li111">111</a>, <a href="#li1262">1262</a>, <a href="#li1267">1267</a>.
+He breaks every night into Hrô&eth;gâr's hall and carries off thirty warriors,
+<a href="#li115">115</a> ff., <a href="#li1583">1583</a>ff. He continues this for twelve years, till Beówulf fights
+with him (<a href="#li147">147</a>, <a href="#li711">711</a> ff.), and gives him a mortal wound, in that he tears out
+one of his arms (<a href="#li817">817</a>), which is hung up as a trophy in the roof of Heorot,
+<a href="#li837">837</a>. Grendel's mother wishes to avenge her son, and the following night
+breaks into the hall and carries off Äschere, <a href="#li1295">1295</a>. Beówulf seeks for and
+finds her home in the fen-lake (<a href="#li1493">1493</a> ff.), fights with her (<a href="#li1498">1498</a> ff.), and
+kills her (<a href="#li1567">1567</a>); and cuts off the head of Grendel, who lay there dead
+(<a href="#li1589">1589</a>), and brings it to Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1648">1648</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Gû&eth;-lâf</b> and Oslâf, Danish warriors under Hnäf, whose death they
+avenge on Finn, <a href="#li1149">1149</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hâlga</b>, with the surname, <i>til</i>, the younger brother of the
+Danish king, Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li61">61</a>. His son is Hrô&eth;ulf, <a href="#li1018">1018</a>, <a href="#li1165">1165</a>, <a href="#li1182">1182</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hâma</b> wrests the <i>Brosinga mene</i> from Eormenrîc, <a href="#li1199">1199</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Häre&eth;</b> (gen. Häre&eth;es, <a href="#li1982">1982</a>), father of Hygd, the wife of Hygelâc,
+<a href="#li1930">1930</a>, <a href="#li1982">1982</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hæ&eth;cyn</b> (dat. Hæ&eth;cynne, <a href="#li2483">2483</a>), second son of Hrê&eth;el, king of the
+Geátas, <a href="#li2435">2435</a>. Kills his oldest brother, Herebeald, accidentally, with an
+arrow, <a href="#li2438">2438</a> ff. After Hrê&eth;el's death, he obtains the kingdom, <a href="#li2475">2475</a>, <a href="#li2483">2483</a>.
+He falls at Ravenswood, in the battle against the Swedish king, Ongen&thorn;eów,
+<a href="#li2925">2925</a>. His successor is his younger brother, Hygelâc, <a href="#li2944">2944</a> ff., <a href="#li2992">2992</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Helmingas</b> (gen. Helminga, <a href="#li621">621</a>). From them comes Wealh&thorn;eów, Hrô&eth;gâr's
+wife, <a href="#li621">621</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Heming</b> (gen. Heminges, <a href="#li1945">1945</a>, <a href="#li1962">1962</a>). Offa is called Heminges mæg,
+<a href="#li1945">1945</a>; Eómær, <a href="#li1962">1962</a>. According to Bachlechner (Pfeiffer's Germania, I., p.
+458), Heming is the son of the sister of Gârmund, Offa's father.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hengest</b> (gen. Hengestes, <a href="#li1092">1092</a>; dat. Hengeste, <a href="#li1084">1084</a>): about him and
+his relations to Hnäf and Finn, see <b>Finn</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Here-beald</b> (dat. Herebealde, <a href="#li2464">2464</a>), the oldest son of Hrê&eth;el, king
+of the Geátas (<a href="#li2435">2435</a>), accidentally killed with an arrow by his younger
+brother, Hæ&eth;cyn, <a href="#li2440">2440</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Here-môd</b> (gen. Heremôdes, <a href="#li902">902</a>), king of the Danes, not belonging to
+the Scylding dynasty, but, according to Grein, immediately preceding it;
+is, on account of his unprecedented cruelty, driven out, <a href="#li902">902</a> ff., <a href="#li1710">1710</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Here-rîc</b> (gen. Hererîces, <a href="#li2207">2207</a>) Heardrêd is called Hererîces nefa,
+<a href="#li2207">2207</a>. Nothing further is known of him.</p>
+
+<p><b>Het-ware</b> or Franks, in alliance with the Frisians and the Hûgas,
+conquer Hygelâc, king of the Geátas, <a href="#li2355">2355</a>, <a href="#li2364">2364</a> ff., <a href="#li2917">2917</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Healf-dene</b> (gen. Healfdenes, <a href="#li189">189</a>, etc.), son of Beówulf, the
+Scylding (<a href="#li57">57</a>); rules the Danes long and gloriously (<a href="#li57">57</a> f.); has three sons,
+Heorogâr, Hrô&eth;gâr, and Hâlga (<a href="#li61">61</a>), and a daughter, Elan, who, according to
+the renewed text of the passage, wäs married to the Scylfing, Ongen&thorn;eów,
+<a href="#li62">62</a>, <a href="#li63">63</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Heard-rêd</b> (dat. Heardrêde, <a href="#li2203">2203</a>, <a href="#li2376">2376</a>), son of Hygelâc, king of the
+Geátas, and Hygd. After his father's death, while still under age, he
+obtains the throne (<a href="#li2371">2371</a>, <a href="#li2376">2376</a>, <a href="#li2379">2379</a>); wherefore Beówulf, as nephew of
+Heardrêd's father, acts as guardian to the youth till he becomes older,
+<a href="#li2378">2378</a>. He is slain by Ôhthere's sons, <a href="#li2386">2386</a>. This murder Beówulf avenges on
+Eádgils, <a href="#li2396">2396-97</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hea&eth;o-beardnas</b> (gen. -beardna, <a href="#li2033">2033</a>, <a href="#li2038">2038</a>, <a href="#li2068">2068</a>), the tribe of the
+Lombards. Their king, Frôda, has fallen in a war with the Danes, <a href="#li2029">2029</a>,
+<a href="#li2051">2051</a>. In order to end the feud, King Hrô&eth;gâr has given his daughter,
+Freáwaru, as wife to the young Ingeld, the son of Frôda, a marriage that
+does not result happily; for Ingeld, though he long defers it on account of
+his love for his wife, nevertheless takes revenge for his father, <a href="#li2021">2021-2070</a>
+(Wîdsî&eth;, 45-49).</p>
+
+<p><b>Hea&eth;o-lâf</b> (dat. Hea&eth;o-lâfe, <a href="#li460">460</a>), a Wylfingish warrior. Ecg&thorn;eów,
+Beówulf's father, kills him, <a href="#li460">460</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hea&eth;o-ræmas</b> reached by B. in the swimming-race with Beówulf, <a href="#li519">519</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Heoro-gâr</b> (nom. <a href="#li61">61</a>; Heregâr, <a href="#li467">467</a>; Hiorogâr, <a href="#li2159">2159</a>), son of Healfdene,
+and older brother of Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li61">61</a>. His death is mentioned, <a href="#li467">467</a>. He has a
+son, Heoroweard, <a href="#li2162">2162</a>. His coat of mail Beówulf has received from Hrô&eth;gâr
+(<a href="#li2156">2156</a>), and presents it to Hygelâc, <a href="#li2158">2158</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Heoro-weard</b> (dat. Heorowearde, <a href="#li2162">2162</a>), Heorogâr's son, <a href="#li2161">2161-62</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Heort</b>, <a href="#li78">78</a>. Heorot, <a href="#li166">166</a> (gen. Heorotes, <a href="#li403">403</a>; dat. Heorote, <a href="#li475">475</a>,
+Heorute, <a href="#li767">767</a>, Hiorte, <a href="#li2100">2100</a>). Hrô&eth;gâr's throne-room and banqueting hall and
+assembly-room for his liegemen, built by him with unusual splendor, <a href="#li69">69</a>, <a href="#li78">78</a>.
+In it occurs Beówulf's fight with Grendel, <a href="#li720">720</a> ff. The hall receives its
+name from the stag's antlers, of which the one-half crowns the eastern
+gable, the other half the western.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hildeburh</b>, daughter of Hôc, relative of the Danish leader, Hnäf,
+consort of the Frisian king, Finn. After the fall of the latter, she
+becomes a captive of the Danes, <a href="#li1072">1072</a>, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>, <a href="#li1159">1159</a>. See also under
+<b>Finn</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hnäf</b> (gen. Hnäfes, <a href="#li1115">1115</a>), a <b>Hôcing</b> (Wîdsî&eth;, 29), the Danish
+King Healfdene's general, <a href="#li1070">1070</a> ff. For his fight with Finn, his death and
+burial, see under <b>Finn</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hond-sció</b>, warrior of the Geátas: dat. <a href="#li2077">2077</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hôc</b> (gen. Hôces, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>), father of Hildeburh, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>; probably also of
+Hnäf (Wîdsî&eth;, 29).</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrê&eth;el</b> (gen. Hrê&eth;les, <a href="#li1486">1486</a>), son of Swerting, <a href="#li1204">1204</a>. King of the
+Geátas, <a href="#li374">374</a>. He has, besides, a daughter, who is married to Ecg&thorn;eów, and
+has borne him Beówulf, (<a href="#li374">374</a>), three sons, Herebeald, Hæ&eth;cyn, and Hygelâc,
+<a href="#li2435">2435</a>. The eldest of these is accidentally killed by the second, <a href="#li2440">2440</a>. On
+account of this inexpiable deed, Hrê&eth;el becomes melancholy (<a href="#li2443">2443</a>), and
+dies, <a href="#li2475">2475</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrê&eth;la</b> (gen. Hrê&eth;lan, MS. Hrædlan, <a href="#li454">454</a>), the same as Hrê&eth;el (cf.
+Müllenhoff in Haupts Zeitschrift, 12, 260), the former owner of Beówulf's
+coat of mail, <a href="#li454">454</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrê&eth;-men</b> (gen. Hrê&eth;-manna, <a href="#li445">445</a>), the Danes are so called, <a href="#li445">445</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrê&eth;-rîc</b>, son of Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1190">1190</a>, <a href="#li1837">1837</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrefna-wudu</b>, <a href="#li2926">2926</a>, or Hrefnes-holt, <a href="#li2936">2936</a>, the thicket near which
+the Swedish king, Ongen&thorn;eów, slew Hæ&eth;cyn, king of the Geátas, in battle.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hreosna-beorh</b>, promontory in the land of the Geátas, near
+which Ongen&thorn;eów's sons, Ôhthere and Onela, had made repeated robbing
+incursions into the country after Hrê&eth;el's death. These were the immediate
+cause of the war in which Hrê&eth;el's son, King Hæ&eth;cyn, fell, <a href="#li2478">2478</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrô&eth;-gâr</b> (gen. Hrô&eth;gâres, <a href="#li235">235</a>, etc.; dat. Hrô&eth;gâre, <a href="#li64">64</a>, etc.), of
+the dynasty of the Scyldings; the second of the three sons of King
+Healfdene, <a href="#li61">61</a>. After the death of his elder brother, Heorogâr, he assumes
+the government of the Danes, <a href="#li465">465</a>, <a href="#li467">467</a> (yet it is not certain whether
+Heorogâr was king of the Danes before Hrô&eth;gâr, or whether his death
+occurred while his father, Healfdene, was still alive). His consort is
+Wealh&thorn;eów (<a href="#li613">613</a>), of the stock of the Helmings (<a href="#li621">621</a>), who has borne him two
+sons, Hrê&eth;rîc and Hrô&eth;mund (<a href="#li1190">1190</a>), and a daughter, Freáware (<a href="#li2023">2023</a>), who has
+been given in marriage to the king of the Hea&eth;obeardnas, Ingeld. His
+throne-room (<a href="#li78">78</a> ff.), which has been built at great cost (<a href="#li74">74</a> ff.), is
+visited every night by Grendel (<a href="#li102">102</a>, <a href="#li115">115</a>), who, along with his mother, is
+slain by Beówulf (<a href="#li711">711</a> ff., <a href="#li1493">1493</a> ff). Hrô&eth;gâr's rich gifts to Beówulf, in
+consequence, <a href="#li1021">1021</a>, <a href="#li1818">1818</a>; he is praised as being generous, <a href="#li71">71</a> ff., <a href="#li80">80</a>, <a href="#li1028">1028</a>
+ff., <a href="#li1868">1868</a> ff.; as being brave, <a href="#li1041">1041</a> ff., <a href="#li1771">1771</a> ff.; and wise, <a href="#li1699">1699</a>,
+<a href="#li1725">1725</a>.&mdash;Other information about Hrô&eth;gâr's reign for the most part only
+suggested: his expiation of the murder which Ecg&thorn;eów, Beówulf's father,
+committed upon Hea&eth;olâf, <a href="#li460">460</a>, <a href="#li470">470</a>; his war with the Hea&eth;obeardnas; his
+adjustment of it by giving his daughter, Freáware, in marriage to their
+king, Ingeld; evil results of this marriage, <a href="#li2021">2021-2070</a>.&mdash;Treachery of his
+brother's son, Hrô&eth;ulf, intimated, <a href="#li1165">1165-1166</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrô&eth;-mund</b>, Hrô&eth;gâr's son, <a href="#li1190">1190</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrô&eth;-ulf</b>, probably a son of Hâlga, the younger brother of King
+Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1018">1018</a>, <a href="#li1182">1182</a>. Wealh&thorn;eów expresses the hope (<a href="#li1182">1182</a>) that, in case of
+the early death of Hrô&eth;gâr, Hrô&eth;-ulf would prove a good guardian to
+Hrô&eth;gâr's young son, who would succeed to the government; a hope which
+seems not to have been accomplished, since it appears from <a href="#li1165">1165</a>, <a href="#li1166">1166</a> that
+Hrô&eth;-ulf has abused his trust towards Hrô&eth;gâr.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrones-näs</b> (dat. -nässe, <a href="#li2806">2806</a>, <a href="#li3137">3137</a>), a promontory on the coast of
+the country of the Geátas, visible from afar. Here is Beówulf's
+grave-mound, <a href="#li2806">2806</a>, <a href="#li3137">3137</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrunting</b> (dat. Hruntinge, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>), Hûnfer&eth;'s sword, is so called,
+<a href="#li1458">1458</a>, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hûgas</b> (gen. Hûga, <a href="#li2503">2503</a>), Hygelâc wars against them allied with the
+Franks and Frisians, and falls, <a href="#li2195">2195</a> ff. One of their heroes is called
+Däghrefn, whom Beówulf slays, <a href="#li2503">2503</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>[H]ûn-fer&eth;</b>, the son of Ecglâf, &thorn;yle of King Hrô&eth;gâr. As such, he has
+his place near the throne of the king, <a href="#li499">499</a>, <a href="#li500">500</a>, <a href="#li1167">1167</a>. He lends his sword,
+Hrunting, to Beówulf for his battle with Grendel's mother, <a href="#li1456">1456</a> f.
+According to <a href="#li588">588</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>, he slew his brothers. Since his name is always
+alliterated with vowels, it is probable that the original form was, as
+Rieger (Zachers Ztschr., <a href="#li3">3</a>, <a href="#li414">414</a>) conjectures, Unfer&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hûn-lâfing</b>, name of a costly sword, which Finn presents to Hengest,
+<a href="#li1144">1144</a>. See <a href="#note1144">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hygd</b> (dat. Hygde, <a href="#li2173">2173</a>), daughter of Häre&eth;, <a href="#li1930">1930</a>; consort of
+Hygelâc, king of the Geátas, <a href="#li1927">1927</a>; her son, Heardrêd, <a href="#li2203">2203</a>, etc.&mdash;Her
+noble, womanly character is emphasized, <a href="#li1927">1927</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hyge-lâc</b> (gen. Hige-lâces, <a href="#li194">194</a>, etc., Hygelâces, <a href="#li2387">2387</a>; dat.
+Higelâce, <a href="#li452">452</a>, Hygelâce, <a href="#li2170">2170</a>), king of the Geátas, <a href="#li1203">1203</a>, etc. His
+grandfather is Swerting, <a href="#li1204">1204</a>; his father, Hrê&eth;el, <a href="#li1486">1486</a>, <a href="#li1848">1848</a>; his older
+brothers, Herebeald and Hæ&eth;cyn, <a href="#li2435">2435</a>; his sister's son, Beówulf, <a href="#li374">374</a>, <a href="#li375">375</a>.
+After his brother, Hæ&eth;cyn, is killed by Ongen&thorn;eów, he undertakes the
+government (<a href="#li2992">2992</a> in connection with the preceding from <a href="#li2937">2937</a> on). To Eofor
+he gives, as reward for slaying Ongen&thorn;eów, his only daughter in marriage,
+<a href="#li2998">2998</a>. But much later, at the time of the return of Beówulf from his
+expedition to Hrô&eth;gâr, we see him married to the very young Hygd, the
+daughter of Häre&eth;, <a href="#li1930">1930</a>. The latter seems, then, to have been his second
+wife. Their son is Heardrêd, <a href="#li2203">2203</a>, <a href="#li2376">2376</a>, <a href="#li2387">2387</a>.&mdash;Hygelâc falls during an
+expedition against the Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas, <a href="#li1206">1206</a>, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>, <a href="#li2356">2356-59</a>,
+<a href="#li2916">2916-17</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ingeld</b> (dat. Ingelde, <a href="#li2065">2065</a>), son of Frôda, the Hea&eth;obeard chief, who
+fell in a battle with the Danes, <a href="#li2051">2051</a> ff. in order to end the war, Ingeld
+is married to Freáwaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li2025">2025-30</a>. Yet
+his love for his young wife can make him forget only for a short while his
+desire to avenge his father. He finally carries it out, excited thereto by
+the repeated admonitions of an old warrior, <a href="#li2042">2042-70</a> (Wîdsî&eth;, 45-59).</p>
+
+<p><b>Ing-wine</b> (gen. Ingwina, <a href="#li1045">1045</a>, <a href="#li1320">1320</a>), friends of Ing, the first king
+of the East Danes. The Danes are so called, <a href="#li1045">1045</a>, <a href="#li1320">1320</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Mere-wioingas</b> (gen. Mere-wioinga,
+<a href="#li2922">2922</a>), as name of the Franks,
+<a href="#li2922">2922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Nägling</b>, the name of Beówulf's sword, <a href="#li2681">2681</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Offa</b> (gen. Offan, <a href="#li1950">1950</a>), king of the Angles (Wîdsî&eth;, 35), the son of
+Gârmund, <a href="#li1963">1963</a>; married (<a href="#li1950">1950</a>) to &THORN;ry&eth;o (<a href="#li1932">1932</a>), a beautiful but cruel woman,
+of unfeminine spirit (<a href="#li1932">1932</a> ff.), by whom he has a son, Eómær, <a href="#li1961">1961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ôht-here</b> (gen. Ôhtheres, <a href="#li2929">2929</a>, <a href="#li2933">2933</a>; Ôhteres, <a href="#li2381">2381</a>, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>, <a href="#li2395">2395</a>,
+<a href="#li2613">2613</a>), son of Ongen&thorn;eów, king of the Swedes, <a href="#li2929">2929</a>. His sons are Eánmund
+(<a href="#li2612">2612</a>) and Eádgils, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Onela</b> (gen. Onelan, <a href="#li2933">2933</a>), Ôhthere's brother, <a href="#li2617">2617</a>, <a href="#li2933">2933</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ongen-&thorn;eów</b> (nom. -&thorn;eów, <a href="#li2487">2487</a>, -&thorn;ió, <a href="#li2952">2952</a>; gen. -&thorn;eówes, <a href="#li2476">2476</a>,
+-&thorn;iówes, <a href="#li2388">2388</a>; dat. -&thorn;ió, <a href="#li2987">2987</a>), of the dynasty of the Scylfings; king of
+the Swedes, <a href="#li2384">2384</a>. His wife is, perhaps, Elan, daughter of the Danish king,
+Healfdene (<a href="#li62">62</a>), and mother of two sons, Onela and Ôhthere, <a href="#li2933">2933</a>. She is
+taken prisoner by Hæ&eth;cyn, king of the Geátas, on an expedition into Sweden,
+which he undertakes on account of her sons' plundering raids into his
+country, <a href="#li2480">2480</a> ff. She is set free by Ongen&thorn;eów (<a href="#li2931">2931</a>), who kills Hæ&eth;cyn,
+<a href="#li2925">2925</a>, and encloses the Geátas, now deprived of their leader, in the
+Ravenswood (<a href="#li2937">2937</a> ff.), till they are freed by Hygelâc, <a href="#li2944">2944</a>. A battle then
+follows, which is unfavorable to Ongen&thorn;eów's army. Ongen&thorn;eów himself,
+attacked by the brothers, Wulf and Eofor, is slain by the latter, <a href="#li2487">2487</a> ff.,
+<a href="#li2962">2962</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Ôs-lâf</b>, a warrior of Hnäf's, who avenges on Finn his leader's death,
+<a href="#li1149">1149</a> f.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scede-land</b>, <a href="#li19">19</a>. Sceden-îg (dat. Sceden-îgge, <a href="#li1687">1687</a>), O.N., Scân-ey,
+the most southern portion of the Scandinavian peninsula, belonging to the
+Danish kingdom, and, in the above-mentioned passages of our poem, a
+designation of the whole Danish kingdom.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scêf</b> or <b>Sceáf</b>. See <a href="#note4">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scyld</b> (gen. Scyldes, <a href="#li19">19</a>), a Scêfing. <a href="#li4">4</a>. His son is Beówulf, <a href="#li18">18</a>, <a href="#li53">53</a>:
+his grandson, Healfdene, <a href="#li57">57</a>; his great-grandson, Hrô&eth;gâr, who had two
+brothers and a sister, <a href="#li59">59</a> ff.&mdash;Scyld dies, <a href="#li26">26</a>; his body, upon a decorated
+ship, is given over to the sea (<a href="#li32">32</a> ff.), just as he, when a child, drifted
+alone, upon a ship, to the land of the Danes, <a href="#li43">43</a> ff. After him his
+descendants bear his name.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scyldingas</b> (Scyldungas, <a href="#li2053">2053</a>; gen. Scyldinga, <a href="#li53">53</a>, etc., Scyldunga,
+<a href="#li2102">2102</a>, <a href="#li2160">2160</a>; dat. Scyldingum, <a href="#li274">274</a>, etc.), a name which is extended also to
+the Danes, who are ruled by the Scyldings, <a href="#li53">53</a>, etc. They are also called
+Âr-Scyldingas, <a href="#li464">464</a>; Sige-Scyldingas, <a href="#li598">598</a>, <a href="#li2005">2005</a>; &THORN;eód-Scyldingas, <a href="#li1020">1020</a>;
+Here-Scyldingas, <a href="#li1109">1109</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scylfingas</b>, a Swedish royal family, whose relationship seems to
+extend to the Geátas, since Wîglâf, the son of Wihstân, who in another
+place, as a kinsman of Beówulf, is called a Wægmunding (<a href="#li2815">2815</a>), is also
+called leód Scylfinga, <a href="#li2604">2604</a>. The family connections are perhaps as
+follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+<pre>
+              Scylf.
+                |
+     ------------------------
+     Wægmund.         .......
+        |                |
+------------------  ----------
+Ecg&thorn;eów.  Weohstân.  Ongen&thorn;eów.
+   |         |           |
+-------- -------- ---------------
+Beówulf.  Wîglâf.  Onela. Ôhthere.
+                             |
+                 -----------------
+                 Eáumund. Eádgils.
+</pre>
+
+<p>The Scylfings are also called Hea&eth;o-Scilfingas, <a href="#li63">63</a>, Gû&eth;-Scylfingas, <a href="#li2928">2928</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Sige-mund</b> (dat. -munde, <a href="#li876">876</a>, <a href="#li885">885</a>), the son of Wäls, <a href="#li878">878</a>, <a href="#li898">898</a>. His
+(son and ) nephew is Fitela, <a href="#li880">880</a>, <a href="#li882">882</a>. His fight with the drake, <a href="#li887">887</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Swerting</b> (gen. Swertinges, <a href="#li1204">1204</a>), Hygelâc's grandfather, and
+Hrê&eth;el's father, <a href="#li1204">1204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Sweon</b> (gen. Sweona, <a href="#li2473">2473</a>, <a href="#li2947">2947</a>, <a href="#li3002">3002</a>), also Sweó-&thorn;eód, <a href="#li2923">2923</a>. The
+dynasty of the Scylfings rules over them, <a href="#li2382">2382</a>, <a href="#li2925">2925</a>. Their realm is called
+Swiórice, <a href="#li2384">2384</a>, <a href="#li2496">2496</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>&THORN;ry&eth;o</b>, consort of the Angle king, Offa, <a href="#li1932">1932</a>, <a href="#li1950">1950</a>. Mother of Eómær,
+<a href="#li1961">1961</a>, notorious on account of her cruel, unfeminine character, <a href="#li1932">1932</a> ff. She
+is mentioned as the opposite to the mild, dignified Hygd, the queen of the
+Geátas.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wäls</b> (gen. Wälses, <a href="#li898">898</a>), father of Sigemund, <a href="#li878">878</a>, <a href="#li898">898</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wæg-mundingas</b> (gen. Wægmundinga, <a href="#li2608">2608</a>, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>). The Wægmundings are on
+one side, Wihstân and his son Wîglâf; on the other side, Ecg&thorn;eów and his
+son Beówulf (<a href="#li2608">2608</a>, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>). See under <b>Scylfingas</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wederas</b> (gen. Wedera, <a href="#li225">225</a>, <a href="#li423">423</a>, <a href="#li498">498</a>, etc.), or Weder-geátas. See
+<b>Geátas</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wêland</b> (gen. Wêlandes, <a href="#li455">455</a>), the maker of Beówulf's coat of mail,
+<a href="#li455">455</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wendlas</b> (gen. Wendla, <a href="#li348">348</a>): their chief is Wulfgâr. See
+<b>Wulfgâr</b>. The Wendlas are, according to Grundtvig and Bugge, the
+inhabitants of Vendill, the most northern part of Jutland, between Limfjord
+and the sea.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wealh-&thorn;eów</b> (<a href="#li613">613</a>, Wealh-&thorn;eó, <a href="#li665">665</a>, <a href="#li1163">1163</a>), the consort of King Hrô&eth;gâr,
+of the stock of the Helmings, <a href="#li621">621</a>. Her sons are Hrê&eth;rîc and Hrô&eth;mund, <a href="#li1190">1190</a>;
+her daughter, Freáwaru, <a href="#li2023">2023</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Weoh-stân</b> (gen. Weox-stânes, <a href="#li2603">2603</a>, Weoh-stânes, <a href="#li2863">2863</a>, Wih-stânes,
+<a href="#li2753">2753</a>, <a href="#li2908">2908</a>, etc.), a Wægmunding (<a href="#li2608">2608</a>), father of Wîglâf, <a href="#li2603">2603</a>. In what
+relationship to him Älfhere, mentioned <a href="#li2605">2605</a>, stands, is not
+clear.&mdash;Weohstân is the slayer of Eánmund (<a href="#li2612">2612</a>), in that, as it seems, he
+takes revenge for his murdered king, Heardrêd. See
+<b>Eánmund</b>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wîg-lâf</b>, Weohstân's son, <a href="#li2603">2603</a>, etc., a Wægmunding, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>, and so also
+a Scylfing, <a href="#li2604">2604</a>; a kinsman of Älfhere, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>. For his relationship to
+Beówulf, see the genealogical table under <b>Scylfingas</b>.&mdash;He supports
+Beówulf in his fight with the drake, <a href="#li2605">2605</a> ff., <a href="#li2662">2662</a> ff. The hero gives him,
+before his death, his ring, his helm, and his coat of mail, <a href="#li2810">2810</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Won-rêd</b> (gen. Wonrêdes, <a href="#li2972">2972</a>), father of Wulf and Eofor, <a href="#li2966">2966</a>,
+<a href="#li2979">2979</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wulf</b> (dat. Wulfe, <a href="#li2994">2994</a>), one of the Geátas, Wonrêd's son. He fights
+in the battle between the armies of Hygelâc and Ongen&thorn;eów with Ongen&thorn;eów
+himself, and gives him a wound (<a href="#li2966">2966</a>), whereupon Ongen&thorn;eów, by a stroke of
+his sword, disables him, <a href="#li2975">2975</a>. Eofor avenges his brother's fall by dealing
+Ongen&thorn;eów a mortal blow, <a href="#li2978">2978</a> ff.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wulf-gâr</b>, chief of the Wendlas, <a href="#li348">348</a>, lives at Hrô&eth;gâr's court, and
+is his &quot;âr and ombiht,&quot; <a href="#li335">335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Wylfingas</b> (dat. Wylfingum, <a href="#li461">461</a>). Ecg&thorn;eów has slain Heo&eth;olâf, a
+warrior of this tribe, <a href="#li460">460</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Yrmen-lâf</b>, younger brother of Äschere, <a href="#li1325">1325</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ADDITIONAL.</p>
+
+<p><b>Eotenas</b> (gen. pl. Eotena, <a href="#li1073">1073</a>, <a href="#li1089">1089</a>, <a href="#li1142">1142</a>; dat. Eotenum, <a href="#li1146">1146</a>), the
+subjects of Finn, the North Frisians: distinguished from <b>eoton</b>,
+<i>giant</i>. Vid <b>eoton</b>. Cf. Bugge, Beit., xii. 37; Earle, Beowulf
+in Prose, pp. 146, 198.</p>
+
+<p><b>Hrê&eth;ling</b>, son of Hrê&eth;el, Hygelâc: nom. sg. <a href="#li1924">1924</a>; nom. pl., the
+subjects of Hygelâc, the Geats, <a href="#li2961">2961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b>Scêfing</b>, the son (?) of Scêf, or Sceáf, reputed father of Scyld, <a href="#li4">4</a>.
+See <a href="#note4">Note</a>.</p>
+<hr>
+
+<p>ABBREVIATIONS.</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td align="right">B.: </td><td>Bugge.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Br.: </td><td>S.A. Brooke, Hist. of Early Eng. Lit.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">C.: </td><td>Cosijn.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">E.: </td><td>Earle, Deeds of Beowulf in Prose.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">G.: </td><td>Garnett, Translation of Beowulf</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Gr.: </td><td>Grein.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">H.: </td><td>Heyne.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Ha.: </td><td>Hall, Translation of Beowulf.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">H.-So.: </td><td>Heyne-Socin, 5th ed.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Ho.: </td><td>Holder.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">K.: </td><td>Kemble.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Kl.: </td><td>Kluge.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Müllenh.: </td><td>Müllenhoff.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">R.: </td><td>Rieger.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">S.: </td><td>Sievers.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Sw.: </td><td>Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Reader, 6th ed.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Ten Br.: </td><td>Ten Brink.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Th.: </td><td>Thorpe.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Z.: </td><td>Zupitza.</td></tr>
+</table>
+<p>PERIODICALS.</p>
+<table>
+<tr><td align="right">Ang.: </td><td>Anglia.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Beit.: </td><td>Paul und Branne's Beiträge.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Eng. Stud.: </td><td>Englische Studien.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Germ.: </td><td>Germania.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Haupts Zeitschr.: </td><td>Haupts Zeitschrift, etc.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Mod. Lang. Notes: </td><td>Modern Language Notes.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Tidskr.: </td><td>Tidskrift for Philologi.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="right">Zachers Zeitschr.: </td><td>Zachers Zeitschrift, etc.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<a name="notes"></a><h2>NOTES.</h2>
+
+<p><a name="note1"></a>l. 1. <b>hwät</b>: for this interjectional formula opening a poem, cf.
+<cite>Andreas, Daniel, Juliana, Exodus, Fata Apost., Dream of the Rood</cite>,
+and the &quot;Listenith lordinges!&quot; of mediaeval lays.&mdash;E. Cf. Chaucer,
+Prologue, ed. Morris, l. 853:</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Sin I shal beginne the game,</div>
+<div class="line"><i>What</i>, welcome be the cut, a Goddes name!&quot;</div>
+
+<p><b>we ... gefrunon</b> is a variant on the usual epic formulæ <b>ic
+gefrägn</b> (<a href="#li74">l. 74</a>) and <b>mîne gefræge</b> (<a href="#li777">l. 777</a>). <cite>Exodus, Daniel,
+Phoenix</cite>, etc., open with the same formula.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1. &quot;<b>Gâr</b> was the javelin, armed with two of which the warrior went
+into battle, and which he threw over the 'shield-wall.' It was
+barbed.&quot;&mdash;Br. 124. Cf. <cite>Maldon</cite>, l. 296; <cite>Judith</cite>, l. 224;
+<cite>Gnom. Verses</cite>, l. 22; etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note4"></a>l. 4. &quot;Scild of the Sheaf, not 'Scyld the son of Scaf'; for it is too
+inconsistent, even in myth, to give a patronymic to a foundling. According
+to the original form of the story, Sceáf was the foundling; he had come
+ashore with a sheaf of corn, and from that was named. This form of the
+story is preserved in Ethelwerd and in William of Malmesbury. But here the
+foundling is Scyld, and we must suppose he was picked up with the sheaf,
+and hence his cognomen.&quot;&mdash;E., p. 105. Cf. the accounts of Romulus and
+Remus, of Moses, of Cyrus, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note6"></a>l. 6. <b>egsian</b> is also used in an active sense (not in the Gloss.), =
+<i>to terrify</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note15"></a>l. 15. S. suggests <b>&thorn;â</b> (<i>which</i>) for <b>&thorn;ät</b>, as object of
+<b>dreógan</b>; and for <b>aldor-leáse</b>, Gr. suggested
+<b>aldor-ceare</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 136.</p>
+
+<p>S. translates: &quot;For God had seen the dire need which the rulerless ones
+before endured.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note18"></a>l. 18. &quot;Beowulf (that is, Beaw of the Anglo-Saxon genealogists, not our
+Beowulf, who was a Geat, not a Dane), 'the son of Scyld in Scedeland.' This
+is our ancestral myth,&mdash;the story of the first culture-hero of the North;
+'the patriarch,' as Rydberg calls him, 'of the royal families of Sweden,
+Denmark, Angeln, Saxland, and England.'&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 78. Cf. <cite>A.-S.
+Chron.</cite> an. 855.</p>
+
+<p>H.-So. omits parenthetic marks, and reads (after S., <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 135)
+<b>eaferan</b>; cf. <cite>Fata Apost.</cite>: <b>lof wîde sprang &thorn;eódnes &thorn;egna</b>.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;The name <i>B&#x113;owulf</i> means literally 'Bee-wolf,' wolf or
+ravager of the bees, = bear. Cf. <i>beorn</i>, 'hero,' originally 'bear,'
+and <i>b&#x113;ohata</i>, 'warrior,' in Cædmon, literally 'bee-hater' or
+'persecutor,' and hence identical in meaning with <i>b&#x113;owulf</i>.&quot;&mdash;Sw.</p>
+<p>Cf.</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Arcite and Palamon,</div>
+<div class="line">That foughten <i>breme</i>, as it were bores two.&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;Chaucer, <cite>Knightes Tale</cite>, l. 841, ed. Morris.</div>
+
+<p>Cf. M. Müller, <cite>Science of Lang.</cite>, Sec. Series, pp. 217, 218; and
+Hunt's <cite>Daniel</cite>, 104.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note19"></a>l. 19. Cf. <a href="#li1866">l. 1866</a>, where <b>Scedenig</b> is used, = <i>Scania</i>, in
+Sweden(?).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note21"></a>l. 21. <b>wine</b> is pl.; cf. its apposition <b>wil-gesî&eth;as</b> below.
+H.-So. compares <cite>Héliand</cite>, 1017, for language almost identical with
+<a href="#li20">ll. 20</a>, <a href="#li21">21</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note22"></a>l. 22. <b>on ylde</b>: cf.</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;<i>In elde</i> is bothe wisdom and usage.&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;Chaucer, <cite>Knightes Tale</cite>, l. 1590, ed. Morris.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note26"></a>l. 26. Reflexive objects often pleonastically accompany verbs of motion;
+cf. <a href="#li234">ll. 234</a>, <a href="#li301">301</a>, <a href="#li1964">1964</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note28"></a>l. 28. <b>faro&eth;</b> = <i>shore, strand, edge.</i> Add these to the meanings
+in the Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note31"></a>l. 31. The object of <b>âhte</b> is probably <b>geweald</b>, to be supplied
+from <b>wordum weóld</b> of <a href="#li30">l. 30</a>.&mdash;H.-So.</p>
+
+<p>R., Kl., and B. all hold conflicting views of this passage: <cite>Beit.</cite>
+xii. 80, ix. 188; <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 382, etc. Kl. suggests
+<b>lændagas</b> for <b>lange</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note32"></a>l. 32. &quot;<b>hringed-stefna</b> is sometimes translated 'with curved prow,'
+but it means, I think, that in the prow were fastened rings through which
+the cables were passed that tied it to the shore.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 26. Cf. <a href="#li1132">ll.
+1132</a>, <a href="#li1898">1898</a>. <b>Hring-horni</b> was the mythic ship of the Edda. See
+Toller-Bosworth for three different views; and cf. <b>wunden-stefna</b> (<a href="#li220">l.
+220</a>), <b>hring-naca</b> (<a href="#li1863">l. 1863</a>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note34"></a>ll. 34-52. Cf. the burial of Haki on a funeral-pyre ship, <cite>Inglinga
+Saga;</cite> the burial of Balder, Sinfiötli, Arthur, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note35"></a>l. 35. &quot;And this [their joy in the sea] is all the plainer from the number
+of names given to the ship-names which speak their pride and affection. It
+is the Ætheling's vessel, the Floater, the Wave-swimmer, the Ring-sterned,
+the Keel, the Well-bound wood, the Sea-wood, the Sea-ganger, the Sea-broad
+ship, the Wide-bosomed, the Prow-curved, the Wood of the curved neck, the
+Foam-throated floater that flew like a bird.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 168.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note49"></a>l. 49. &quot;We know from Scandinavian graves ... that the illustrious dead were
+buried ... in ships, with their bows to sea-ward; that they were however
+not sent to sea, but were either burnt in that position, or mounded over
+with earth.&quot;&mdash;E. See Du Chaillu, <cite>The Viking Age</cite>, xix.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note51"></a>l. 51. (1) <b>sele-rædende</b> (K., S., C.); (2) <b>sêle-rædenne</b> (H.);
+(3) <b>sele-rædende</b> (H.-So.). Cf. <a href="li1347">l. 1347</a>; and see Ha.</p>
+
+<p>l. 51. E. compares with this canto Tennyson's &quot;Passing of Arthur&quot; and the
+legendary burial-journey of St. James of Campostella, an. 800.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note53"></a>l. 53. The poem proper begins with this, &quot;There was once upon a time,&quot; the
+first 52 lines being a prelude. Eleven of the &quot;fitts,&quot; or cantos, begin
+with the monosyllable <b>&thorn;â</b>, four with the verb <b>gewîtan</b>, nine
+with the formula <b>Hrô&eth;gâr</b> (Beówulf, Unfer&eth;) <b>ma&eth;elode</b>,
+twenty-four with monosyllables in general (<b>him, swâ, sê, hwät, &thorn;â, hêht,
+wäs, mäg, cwôm, stræt</b>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note58"></a>l. 58. <b>gamel.</b> &quot;The ... characteristics of the poetry are the use of
+archaic forms and words, such as <b>mec</b> for <b>mé</b>, the possessive
+<b>sín, gamol, dógor, swát</b> for <b>eald, dæg, blód</b>, etc., after they
+had become obsolete in the prose language, and the use of special compounds
+and phrases, such as <b>hildenædre</b> (<i>war-adder</i>) for 'arrow,'
+gold-gifa (<i>gold-giver</i>) for 'king,' ... <b>goldwine gumena</b>
+(<i>goldfriend of men, distributor of gold to men</i>) for 'king,'&quot;
+etc.&mdash;Sw. Other poetic words are <b>ides, ielde</b> (<i>men</i>), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note60"></a>l. 60. H.-So. reads <b>ræswa</b> (referring to <b>Heorogâr</b> alone),
+and places a point (with the Ms.) after <b>Heorogâr</b> instead of after
+<b>ræswa.</b> Cf. l. 469; see B., <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 193.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note62"></a>l. 62. <b>Elan</b> here (OHG. <i>Elana, Ellena, Elena, Elina, Alyan</i>) is
+thought by B. (<cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 43) to be a remnant of the masc. name
+<b>Onela</b>, and he reads: <b>[On-]elan ewên, Hea&eth;oscilfingas(=es)
+healsgebedda.</b></p>
+
+<p><a name="note68"></a>l. 68. For <b>hê</b>, omitted here, cf. <a href="#li300">l. 300</a>. Pronouns are occasionally
+thus omitted in subord. clauses.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note70"></a>l. 70. <b>&thorn;one</b>, here = <b>&thorn;onne</b>, <i>than</i>, and <b>micel =
+mâre?</b> The passage, by a slight change, might be made to read,
+<b>medo-ärn micle&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mâ gewyrcean,&mdash;&thorn;one</b> = <i>by much larger than</i>,&mdash;in
+which <b>&thorn;one (&thorn;onne)</b> would come in naturally.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note73"></a>l. 73. <b>folc-scare.</b> Add <i>folk-share</i> to the meanings in the
+Gloss.; and cf. gû&eth;-scearu.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note74"></a>l. 74. <b>ic wide gefrägn:</b> an epic formula very frequent in poetry, =
+<i>men said.</i> Cf. <cite>Judith</cite>, ll. 7, 246; <cite>Phoenix</cite>, l. 1; and
+the parallel (noun) formula, <b>mîne gefræge</b>, <a href="#li777">ll. 777</a>, <a href="#li838">838</a>, <a href="#li1956">1956</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note78"></a>ll. 78-83. &quot;The hall was a rectangular, high-roofed, wooden building, its
+long sides facing north and south. The two gables, at either end, had
+stag-horns on their points, curving forwards, and these, as well as the
+ridge of the roof, were probably covered with shining metal, and glittered
+bravely in the sun.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 32.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note84"></a>l. 84. <i>Son-in-law and father-in-law;</i> B., a so-called <i>dvanda</i>
+compound. Cf. <a href="#li1164">l. 1164</a>, where a similar compound means <i>uncle and
+nephew;</i> and <b>Wîdsî&eth;'s suhtorfædran</b>, used of the same persons.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note88"></a>l. 88. &quot;The word <b>dreám</b> conveys the buzz and hum of social happiness,
+and more particularly the sound of music and singing.&quot;&mdash;E. Cf. <a href="#li3021">l. 3021</a>; and
+<cite>Judith</cite>, l. 350; <cite>Wanderer</cite>, l. 79, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note90"></a>ll. 90-99. There is a suspicious similarity between this passage and the
+lines attributed by Bede to Cædmon:</p>
+<div class="line"><b>Nû wê sculan herian heofonrices Weard</b>, etc.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;Sw., p. 47.</div>
+
+<p>ll. 90-98 are probably the interpolation of a Christian scribe.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note92"></a>ll. 92-97. &quot;The first of these Christian elements [in <cite>Beówulf</cite>] is
+the sense of a fairer, softer world than that in which the Northern
+warriors lived.... Another Christian passage (<a href="#li107">ll. 107</a>, <a href="#li1262">1262</a>) derives all
+the demons, eotens, elves, and dreadful sea-beasts from the race of Cain.
+The folly of sacrificing to the heathen gods is spoken of (<a href="#li175">l. 175</a>).... The
+other point is the belief in immortality (<a href="#li1202">ll. 1202</a>, <a href="#li1761">1761</a>).&quot;&mdash;Br. 71.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note100"></a>l. 100. Cf. <a href="#li2211">l. 2211</a>, where the third dragon of the poem is introduced in
+the same words. Beowulf is the forerunner of that other national
+dragon-slayer, St. George.</p>
+
+<p>l. 100. <b>onginnan</b> in <cite>Beówulf</cite> is treated like verbs of motion
+and modal auxiliaries, and takes the object inf. without <b>tô</b>; cf. ll.
+<a href="#li872">872</a>, <a href="#li1606">1606</a>, <a href="#li1984">1984</a>, <a href="#li244">244</a>. Cf. <i>gan</i> (= <i>did</i>) in Mid. Eng.:
+<i>gan</i> espye (Chaucer, <cite>Knightes Tale</cite>, l. 254, ed. Morris).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note101"></a>l. 101. B. and H.-So. read, <b>feónd on healle</b>; cf. l.
+<a href="#li142">142</a>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii.</p>
+
+<p>ll. 101-151. &quot;Grimm connects [<b>Grendel</b>] with the Anglo-Saxon
+<b>grindel</b> (<i>a bolt</i> or <i>bar</i>).... It carries with it the
+notion of the bolts and bars of hell, and hence <i>a fiend.</i> ...
+Ettmüller was the first ... to connect the name with <b>grindan</b>, <i>to
+grind, to crush to pieces, to utterly destroy.</i> <b>Grendel</b> is then
+<i>the tearer, the destroyer</i>.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 83.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note102"></a>l. 102. <b>gäst</b> = <i>stranger</i> (Ha.); cf. <a href="#li1139">ll. 1139</a>, <a href="#li1442">1442</a>, <a href="#li2313">2313</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note103"></a>l. 103. See Ha., p. 4.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note106"></a>l. 106. &quot;The perfect and pluperfect are often expressed, as in Modern
+English, by <b>hæf&eth;</b> and <b>hæfde</b> with the past participle.&quot;&mdash;Sw.
+Cf. <a href="#li433">ll. 433</a>, <a href="#li408">408</a>, <a href="#li940">940</a>, <a href="#li205">205</a> (p. p. inflected in the last two cases), etc.</p>
+
+<p>l. 106. S. destroys period here, reads <b>in Caines</b>, etc., and puts
+<b>&thorn;one ... drihten</b> in parenthesis.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note108"></a>l. 108. <b>&thorn;äs &thorn;e</b> = <i>because</i>, especially after verbs of thanking
+(cf. <a href="#li228">ll. 228</a>, <a href="#li627">627</a>, <a href="#li1780">1780</a>, <a href="#li2798">2798</a>); <i>according as</i> (<a href="#li1351">l. 1351</a>).</p>
+
+<p>l. 108. The def. article is omitted with <b>Drihten</b> (<i>Lord</i>) and
+<b>Deofol</b> (<i>devil</i>; cf. <a href="#li2089">l. 2089</a>), as it is, generally, sparingly
+employed in poetry; cf. <b>tô sæ</b> (<a href="#li318">l. 318</a>), <b>ofer sæ</b> (<a href="#li2381">l. 2381</a>),
+<b>on lande</b> (<a href="#li2311">l. 2311</a>), <b>tô räste</b> (<a href="#li1238">l. 1238</a>), <b>on wicge</b> (l.
+<a href="#li286">286</a>), etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note119"></a>l. 119. <b>weras</b> (S., H.-So.); <b>wera</b> (K., Th.).&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix.
+137.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note120"></a>l. 120. <b>unfælo</b> = <i>uncanny</i> (R.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note131"></a>l. 131. E. translates, <i>majestic rage;</i> adopting Gr.'s view that
+<b>swy&eth;</b> is = Icel. <b>svi&eth;i</b>, <i>a burn</i> or <i>burning</i>. Cf.
+<a href="#li737">l. 737</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note142"></a>l. 142. B. supposes <b>heal-&thorn;egnes</b> to be corrupted from
+<b>hel&thorn;egnes</b>; cf. <a href="#li101">l. 101</a>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 80. See <b>Gû&eth;lâc</b>, l.
+1042.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note144"></a>l. 144. See Ha., p. 6, for S.'s rearrangement.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note146"></a>l. 146. S. destroys period after <b>sêlest</b>, puts <b>wäs ... micel</b> in
+parenthesis, and inserts a colon after <b>tîd</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note149"></a>l. 149. B. reads <b>sârcwidum</b> for <b>sy&eth;&eth;an</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note154"></a>l. 154. B. takes <b>sibbe</b> for accus. obj. of <b>wolde</b>, and places a
+comma after <b>Deniga</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 82.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note159"></a>l. 159. R. suggests <b>ac se</b> for <b>atol</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note168"></a>l. 168. H.-So. plausibly conjectures this parenthesis to be a late
+insertion, as, at <a href="#li180">ll. 180-181</a>, the Danes also are said to be heathen.
+Another commentator considers the throne under a &quot;spell of enchantment,&quot;
+and therefore it could not be touched.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note169"></a>l. 169. <b>ne ... wisse</b>: <i>nor had he desire to do so</i> (W.). See Ha., p. 7,
+for other suggestions.</p>
+
+<p>l. 169. <b>myne wisse</b> occurs in <cite>Wanderer</cite>, <a href="#li27">l. 27</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note174"></a>l. 174. The gerundial inf. with <b>tô</b> expresses purpose, defines a noun
+or adjective, or, with the verb <b>be</b>, expresses duty or necessity
+passively; cf. <a href="#li257">ll. 257</a>, <a href="#li473">473</a>, <a href="#li1004">1004</a>, <a href="#li1420">1420</a>, <a href="#li1806">1806</a>, etc. Cf. <b>tô</b> + inf. at
+<a href="#li316">ll. 316</a>, <a href="#li2557">2557</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note175"></a>ll. 175-188. E. regards this passage as dating the time and place of the
+poem relatively to the times of heathenism. Cf. the opening lines, <i>In
+days of yore</i>, etc., as if the story, even then, were very old.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note177"></a>l. 177. <b>gâst-bona</b> is regarded by Ettmüller and G. Stephens
+(<cite>Thunor</cite>, p. 54) as an epithet of Thor (= <i>giant-killer</i>), a
+kenning for Thunor or Thor, meaning both <i>man</i> and <i>monster</i>.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note189"></a>l. 189. Cf. <a href="#li1993">l. 1993</a>, where similar language is used. H.-So. takes both
+<b>môd-ceare</b> and <b>mæl-ceare</b> as accus., others as instr.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note190"></a>ll. 190, 1994. <b>seá&eth;</b>: for this use of <b>seó&eth;an</b> cf. Bede,
+<cite>Eccles. Hist.</cite>, ed. Miller, p. 128, where p. p. <b>soden</b> is thus
+used.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note194"></a>l. 194. <b>fram hâm</b> = <i>in his home</i> (S., H.-So.); but <b>fram
+hâm</b> may be for <b>fram him</b> (<i>from them</i>, i.e. <i>his
+people</i>, or <i>from Hrothgar's</i>). Cf. Ha., p. 8.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note197"></a>l. 197. Cf. <a href="#li791">ll. 791</a>, <a href="#li807">807</a>, for this fixed phrase.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note200"></a>l. 200. See <cite>Andreas, Elene</cite>, and <cite>Juliana</cite> for <b>swan-râd</b>
+(<i>= sea</i>). &quot;The swan is said to breed wild now no further away than
+the North of Sweden.&quot; &mdash;E. Cf. <b>ganotes bä&eth;</b>, <a href="#li1862">l. 1862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note203"></a>l. 203. Concessive clauses with <b>&thorn;eáh, &thorn;eáh &thorn;e, &thorn;eáh ... eal</b>, vary
+with subj. and ind., according as fact or contingency is dominant in the
+mind; cf. <a href="#li526">ll. 526</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>, etc. (subj.), 1103, 1614 (ind.). Cf. <b>gif,
+nefne.</b></p>
+
+<p><a name="note204"></a>l. 204. <b>hæl</b>, an OE. word found in Wülker's Glossaries in various
+forms, = <i>augury, omen, divination</i>, etc. Cf. <b>hælsere</b>,
+<i>augur</i>; <b>hæl</b>, <i>omen;</i> <b>hælsung</b>, <i>augurium</i>,
+<b>hælsian</b>, etc. Cf. Tac., <cite>Germania</cite>, 10.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note207"></a>l. 207. C. adds &quot;= <i>impetrare</i>&quot; to the other meanings of findan given
+in the Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note217"></a>l. 217. Cf. <a href="#li1910">l. 1910</a>; and <cite>Andreas</cite>, <a href="#li993">l. 993</a>.&mdash;E. E. compares Byron's</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;And fast and falcon-like the vessel flew,&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Corsair</cite>, i. 17.</div>
+
+<p>and Scott's</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Merrily, merrily bounds the bark.&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Lord of the Isles</cite>, iv. 7.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note218"></a>l. 218. Cf.</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;The fomy stedes on the golden brydel</div>
+<div class="line">Gnawinge.&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;Chaucer, <cite>Knightes Tale</cite>, <a href="#li1648">l. 1648</a>, ed. Morris.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note219"></a>l. 219. Does <b>ân-tîd</b> mean <i>hour</i> (Th.), or <i>corresponding
+hour</i> = <b>ând-tîd</b> (H.-So.), or <i>in due time</i> (E.), or <i>after
+a time</i>, when <b>ô&thorn;res</b>, etc., would be adv. gen.? See C.,
+<cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 568.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note224"></a>l. 224. <b>eoletes</b> may = (1) <i>voyage</i>; (2) <i>toil, labor</i>; (3)
+<i>hurried journey;</i> but <i>sea</i> or <i>fjord</i> appears preferable.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note229"></a>ll. 229-257. &quot;The scenery ... is laid on the coast of the North Sea and the
+Kattegat, the first act of the poem among the Danes in Seeland, the second
+among the Geats in South Sweden.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 15.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note239"></a>l. 239. &quot;A shoal of simple terms express in <cite>Beówulf</cite> the earliest
+sea-thoughts of the English.... The simplest term is <b>Sæ</b>.... To this
+they added <b>Wæter, Flod, Stream, Lagu, Mere, Holm, Grund, Heathu, Sund,
+Brim, Garsecg, Eagor, Geofon, Fifel, Hron-rad, Swan-rad, Segl-rad,
+Ganotes-bæ&eth;</b>.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 163-166.</p>
+
+<p>l. 239. &quot;The infinitive is often used in poetry after a verb of motion
+where we should use the present participle.&quot;&mdash;Sw. Cf. <a href="#li711">ll. 711</a>, <a href="#li721">721</a>, <a href="#li1163">1163</a>
+1803, 268, etc. Cf. German <i>spazieren fahren reiten</i>, etc., and
+similar constructions in French, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note240"></a>l. 240, W. reads <b>hringed-stefnan</b> for <b>helmas bæron</b>. B. inserts
+(?) after <b>holmas</b> and begins a new line at the middle of the verse.
+S. omits B.'s &quot;on the wall.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note245"></a>l. 245. Double and triple negatives strengthen each other and do not
+produce an affirmative in A.-S. or M. E. The neg. is often prefixed to
+several emphatic words in the sentence, and readily contracts with vowels,
+and <b>h</b> or <b>w</b>; cf. <a href="#li863">ll. 863</a>, <a href="#li182">182</a>, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>, <a href="#li1509">1509</a>, <a href="#li575">575</a>, <a href="#li583">583</a>, <a href="#li3016">3016</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note249"></a>l. 249. <b>seld-guma</b> = <i>man-at-arms in another's house</i> (Wood); =
+<i>low-ranking fellow</i> (Ha.); <b>stubenhocker</b>, <i>stay-at-home</i>
+(Gr.), Scott's &quot;carpet knight,&quot; <cite>Marmion</cite>, i. 5.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note250"></a>l. 250. <b>näfne</b> (<b>nefne, nemne</b>) usually takes the subj., =
+<i>unless</i>; cf. <a href="#li1057">ll. 1057</a>, <a href="#li3055">3055</a>, <a href="#li1553">1553</a>. For ind., = <i>except</i>, see l.
+<a href="#li1354">1354</a>. Cf. <b>bûtan, gif, &thorn;eáh</b>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 250. For a remarkable account of armor and weapons in <cite>Beówulf</cite>,
+see S. A. Brooke, <cite>Hist. of Early Eng. Lit.</cite> For general &quot;Old Teutonic
+Life in Beówulf,&quot; see J. A. Harrison, <cite>Overland Monthly</cite>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note252"></a>l. 252. <b>ær</b> as a conj. generally has subj., as here; cf. <a href="#li264">ll. 264</a>,
+<a href="#li677">677</a>, <a href="#li2819">2819</a>, <a href="#li732">732</a>. For ind., cf. <a href="#li2020">l. 2020</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note253"></a>l. 253. <b>leás</b> = <i>loose</i>, <i>roving</i>. Ettmüller corrected to
+<b>leáse</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note256"></a>l. 256. This proverb (<b>ôfest</b>, etc.) occurs in <cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt), l.
+293.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note258"></a>l. 258. An &quot;elder&quot; may be a very young man; hence <b>yldesta</b>, =
+<i>eminent</i>, may be used of Beowulf. Cf. <cite>Laws of Ælfred</cite>, C. 17:
+<b>Nâ &thorn;ät ælc eald sý, ac &thorn;ät he eald sý on wîsdôme</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note273"></a>l. 273. Verbs of hearing and seeing are often followed by acc. with inf.;
+cf. <a href="#li229">ll. 229</a>, <a href="#li1024">1024</a>, <a href="#li729">729</a>, <a href="#li1517">1517</a>, etc. Cf. German construction with <i>sehen,
+horen</i>, etc., French construction with <i>voir, entendre</i>, etc., and
+the classical constructions.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note275"></a>l. 275. <b>dæd-hata</b> = <i>instigator</i>. Kl. reads <b>dæd-hwata</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note280"></a>l. 280. <b>ed-wendan</b>, n. (B.; cf. 1775), = <b>edwenden</b>, limited by
+<b>bisigu</b>. So ten Br. = <cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 291.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note287"></a>l. 287. &quot;Each is denoted ... also by the strengthened forms <b>'æghwæ&eth;er
+('æg&eth;er), éghwæ&eth;er</b>, etc. This prefixed <b>'æ, óe</b> corresponds to
+the Goth, <i>aiw</i>, OHG. <i>eo</i>, <i>io</i>, and is umlauted from
+<b>á</b>, <b>ó</b> by the <b>i</b> of the <b>gi</b> which originally
+followed.&quot;&mdash;Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 190.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note292"></a>l. 292. &quot;All through the middle ages suits of armour are called
+'weeds.'&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note303"></a>l. 303. &quot;An English warrior went into battle with a boar-crested helmet,
+and a round linden shield, with a byrnie of ringmail ... with two javelins
+or a single ashen spear some eight or ten feet long, with a long two-edged
+sword naked or held in an ornamental scabbard.... In his belt was a short,
+heavy, one-edged sword, or rather a long knife, called the seax ... used for
+close quarters.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 121.</p>
+
+<p>l. 303. For other references to the boar-crest, cf. <a href="#li1112">ll. 1112</a>, <a href="#li1287">1287</a>, <a href="#li1454">1454</a>;
+Grimm, <cite>Myth.</cite> 195; Tacitus, <cite>Germania</cite>, 45. &quot;It was the symbol
+of their [the Baltic Æstii's] goddess, and they had great faith in it as a
+preservative from hard knocks.&quot;&mdash;E. See the print in the illus. ed. of
+Green's <cite>Short History</cite>, Harper &amp; Bros.</p>
+
+<p>l. 303. &quot;See Kemble, <cite>Saxons in England</cite>, chapter on heathendom, and
+Grimm's <cite>Teutonic Mythology</cite>, chapter on Freyr, for the connection
+these and other writers establish between the Boar-sign and the golden boar
+which Freyr rode, and his worship.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 128. Cf. <cite>Elene</cite>, l. 50.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note304"></a>l. 304. Gering proposes <b>hleór-bergan</b> = <i>cheek-protectors</i>; cf.
+<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 26. &quot;A bronze disk found at Öland in Sweden
+represents two warriors in helmets with boars as their crests, and
+cheek-guards under; these are the <b>hleór-bergan</b>.&quot;&mdash;E. Cf.
+<b>hauberk</b>, with its diminutive <b>habergeon</b>, &lt; A.-S.
+<b>heals</b>, <i>neck</i> + <b>beorgan</b>, <i>to cover</i> or
+<i>protect</i>; and <b>harbor</b>, &lt; A.-S. <b>here</b>, <i>army</i> +
+<b>beorgan</b>, id.&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> xii. 123. Cf.
+<b>cinberge</b>, Hunt's <cite>Exod.</cite> l. 175.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note305"></a>l. 305. For <b>ferh wearde</b> and <b>gû&eth;môde grummon</b>, B. and ten Br.
+read <b>ferh-wearde</b> (<a href="#li305">l. 305</a>) and <b>gû&eth;môdgum men</b> (<a href="#li306">l. 306</a>), =
+<i>the boar-images ... guarded the lives of the warlike men</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note311"></a>l. 311. <b>leóma</b>: cf. Chaucer, <cite>Nonne Preestes Tale</cite>, l. 110, ed.
+Morris:</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;To dremen in here dremes</div>
+<div class="line">Of armes, and of fyr with rede <i>lemes</i>.&quot;</div>
+
+<p><a name="note318"></a>l. 318. On the double gender of <b>sæ</b>, cf. Cook's Sievers' Gram., p.
+147; and note the omitted article at <a href="#li2381">ll. 2381</a>, <a href="#li318">318</a>, <a href="#li544">544</a>, with the peculiar
+tmesis of <i>between</i> at <a href="#li859">ll. 859</a>, <a href="#li1298">1298</a>, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>, <a href="#li1957">1957</a>. So <cite>Cædmon</cite>, l.
+163 (Thorpe), <cite>Exod.</cite> l. 562 (Hunt), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note320"></a>l. 320. Cf. <a href="#li924">l. 924</a>; and <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 987, where almost the same words
+occur. &quot;Here we have manifestly before our eye one of those ancient
+causeways, which are among the oldest visible institutions of
+civilization.&quot; &mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note322"></a>l. 322. S. inserts comma after <b>scîr</b>, and makes <b>hring-îren</b> (=
+<i>ring-mail</i>) parallel with <b>gû&eth;-byrne</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note325"></a>l. 325. Cf. <a href="#li397">l. 397</a>. &quot;The deposit of weapons outside before entering a house
+was the rule at all periods.... In provincial Swedish almost everywhere a
+church porch is called <b>våkenhus</b>,... i.e. <i>weapon-house</i>,
+because the worshippers deposited their arms there before they entered the
+house.&quot;&mdash;E., after G. Stephens.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note333"></a>l. 333. Cf. Dryden's &quot;mingled metal <i>damask'd</i> o'er with gold.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note336"></a>l. 336. &quot;<b>æl-, el-</b>, kindred with Goth. <i>aljis</i>, other, e.g. in
+<b>æl&thorn;éodig, el&thorn;éodig</b>, foreign.&quot;&mdash;Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 47.</p>
+
+<p>l. 336. Cf. <a href="#li673">l. 673</a> for the functions of an <b>ombiht-&thorn;egn</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note343"></a>l. 343. Cf. <a href="#li1714">l. 1714</a> for the same <b>beód-geneátas</b>,&mdash;&quot;the predecessor
+title to that of the Knights of the Table Round.&quot;&mdash;E. Cf. <cite>Andreas</cite>
+(K.), l. 2177.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note344"></a>l. 344. The future is sometimes expressed by <b>willan</b> + inf.,
+generally with some idea of volition involved; cf. <a href="#li351">ll. 351</a>, <a href="#li427">427</a>, etc. Cf.
+the use of <b>willan</b> as principal vb. (with omitted inf.) at <a href="#li318">ll. 318</a>,
+<a href="#li1372">1372</a>, <a href="#li543">543</a>, <a href="#li1056">1056</a>; and <b>sculan</b>, <a href="#li1784">ll. 1784</a>, <a href="#li2817">2817</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note353"></a>l. 353. <b>sî&eth;</b> here, and at <a href="#li501">l. 501</a>, probably means <i>arrival</i>. E.
+translates the former by <i>visit</i>, the latter by <i>adventure</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note357"></a>l. 357. <b>unhâr</b> = <i>hairless, bald</i> (Gr., etc.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note358"></a>l. 358. <b>eode</b> is only one of four or five preterits of <b>gân
+(gongan, gangan, gengan</b>), viz. <b>geóng</b> (<b>gióng</b>: <a href="#li926">ll. 926</a>,
+<a href="#li2410">2410</a>, etc.), <b>gang</b> (<a href="#li1296">l. 1296</a>, etc.), <b>gengde</b> (<a href="#li1402">ll. 1402</a>, <a href="#li1413">1413</a>).
+Sievers, p. 217, apparently remarks that <b>eode</b> is &quot;probably used only
+in prose.&quot; (?!). Cf. <b>geng</b>, <cite>Gen.</cite> ll. 626, 834; <cite>Exod.</cite>
+(Hunt) l. 102.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note367"></a>l. 367. The MS. and H.-So. read with Gr. and B. <b>glädman Hrô&eth;gâr</b>,
+abandoning Thorkelin's <b>glädnian</b>. There is a glass. <b>hilaris
+glädman.</b>&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 84; same as <b>gläd</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note369"></a>l. 369. <b>dugan</b> is a &quot;preterit-present&quot; verb, with new wk. preterit,
+like <b>sculan, durran, magan</b>, etc. For various inflections, see ll.
+<a href="#li573">573</a>, <a href="#li590">590</a>, <a href="#li1822">1822</a>, <a href="#li526">526</a>. Cf. <i>do</i> in &quot;that will <i>do</i>&quot;;
+<i>doughty</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note372"></a>l. 372. Cf. <a href="#li535">l. 535</a> for a similar use; and <a href="#li1220">l. 1220</a>. Bede, <cite>Eccles.
+Hist.</cite>, ed. Miller, uses the same expression several times. &quot;Here, and
+in all other places where <b>cniht</b> occurs in this poem, it seems to
+carry that technical sense which it bore in the military hierarchy [of a
+noble youth placed out and learning the elements of the art of war in the
+service of a qualified warrior, to whom he is, in a military sense, a
+servant], before it bloomed out in the full sense of <i>knight</i>.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note373"></a>l. 373. E. remarks of the hyphened <b>eald-fäder</b>, &quot;hyphens are risky
+toys to play with in fixing texts of pre-hyphenial antiquity&quot;;
+<b>eald-fäder</b> could only = <i>grandfather</i>. <b>eald</b> here can
+only mean <i>honored</i>, and the hyphen is unnecessary. Cf. &quot;old fellow,&quot;
+&quot;my old man,&quot; etc.; and Ger. <i>alt-vater</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note378"></a>l. 378. Th. and B. propose <b>Geátum</b>, as presents from the Danish to
+the Geatish king.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note380"></a>l. 380. <b>häbbe</b>. The subj. is used in indirect narration and question,
+wish and command, purpose, result, and hypothetical comparison with
+<b>swelce</b> = <i>as if</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note386"></a>ll. 386, 387. Ten Br. emends to read: &quot;Hurry, bid the kinsman-throng go
+into the hall together.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note387"></a>l. 387. <b>sibbe-gedriht</b>, for Beowulf's friends, occurs also at <a href="#li730">l. 730</a>.
+It is subject-acc. to <b>seón</b>. Cf. <a href="#li347">ll. 347</a>, <a href="#li365">365</a>, and Hunt's
+<cite>Exod.</cite> l. 214.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note404"></a>l. 404. &quot;Here, as in the later Icelandic halls, Beowulf saw Hrothgar
+enthroned on a high seat at the east end of the hall. The seat is sacred.
+It has a supernatural quality. Grendel, the fiend, cannot approach
+it.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 34. Cf. <a href="#li168">l. 168</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note405"></a>l. 405. &quot;At Benty Grange, in Derbyshire, an Anglo-Saxon barrow, opened in
+1848, contained a coat of mail. 'The iron chain work consists of a large
+number of links of two kinds attached to each other by small rings half an
+inch in diameter; one kind flat and lozenge-shaped ... the others all of
+one kind, but of different lengths.'&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 126.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note407"></a>l. 407. <b>Wes</b> ... <b>hâl</b>: this ancient Teutonic greeting
+afterwards grew into <b>wassail</b>. Cf. Skeat's <cite>Luke</cite>, i. 28;
+<cite>Andreas</cite> (K.), 1827; Layamon, l. 14309, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note414"></a>l. 414. &quot;The distinction between <b>wesan</b> and <b>weor&eth;an</b> [in
+passive relations] is not very clearly defined, but <b>wesan</b> appears to
+indicate a state, <b>weor&eth;an</b> generally an action.&quot;&mdash;Sw. Cf. Mod. German
+<i>werden</i> and <i>sein</i> in similar relations.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note414"></a>l. 414. Gr. translates <b>hâdor</b> by <i>receptaculum</i>; cf. Gering,
+<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> xii. 124. Toller-Bosw. ignores Gr.'s suggestion.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note420"></a>ll. 420, 421. B. reads: <b>&thorn;ær ic</b> (<i>on</i>) <b>fîfelgeban</b> (=
+<i>ocean</i>) <b>ý&eth;de eotena cyn</b>. Ten Br. reads: <b>&thorn;ær ic fîfelgeban
+ý&eth;de, eotena hâm</b>. Ha. suggests <b>fîfelgeband</b> =
+<i>monster-band</i>, without further changes.</p>
+
+<p>l. 420. R. reads <b>&thorn;æra</b> = <i>of them</i>, for <b>&thorn;ær</b>.&mdash;<cite>Zachers
+Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 399; <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 367.</p>
+
+<p>l. 420. &quot;<b>niht</b> has a gen., <b>nihtes</b>, used for the most part only
+adverbially, and almost certainly to be regarded as masculine.&quot;&mdash;Cook's
+Sievers' Gram., p. 158.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note425"></a>l. 425. Cf. also <a href="#li435">ll. 435</a>, <a href="#li635">635</a>, <a href="#li2345">2345</a>, for other examples of Beowulf's
+determination to fight single-handed.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note441"></a>l. 441. <b>&thorn;e hine</b> = <i>whom</i>, as at <a href="#li1292">l. 1292</a>, etc. The indeclinable
+<b>&thorn;e</b> is often thus combined with personal pronouns, = relative, and is
+sometimes separated from them by a considerable interval.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note443"></a>l. 443. The MS. has <b>Geotena</b>. B. and Fahlbeck, says H.-So., do not
+consider the <b>Geátas</b>, but the Jutes, as the inhabitants of Swedish
+West-Gothland. Alfred translates <b>Juti</b> by <b>Geátas</b>, but
+<i>Jutland</i> by <i>Gotland</i>. In the laws they are called
+<b>Guti</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 1, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note444"></a>l. 444. B., Gr., and Ha. make <b>unforhte</b> an adv. = <i>fearlessly</i>,
+modifying <b>etan</b>. Kl. reads <b>anforhte</b> = <i>timid</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note446"></a>l. 446. Cf. <a href="#li2910">l. 2910</a>. Th. translates: <i>thou wilt not need my head to
+hide</i> (i.e. <i>bury</i>). Simrock supposes a dead-watch or lyke-wake to
+be meant. Wood, <i>thou wilt not have to bury so much as my head!</i>
+H.-So. supposes <b>heáfod-weard</b>, <i>a guard of honor</i>, such as
+sovereigns or presumptive rulers had, to be meant by <b>hafalan hýdan</b>;
+hence, <i>you need not give me any guard</i>, etc. Cf. Schmid, <cite>Gesetze
+der A.</cite>, 370-372.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note447"></a>l. 447. S. places a colon after <b>nime&eth;</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note451"></a>l. 451. H.-So., Ha., and B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 87) agree essentially in translating
+<b>feorme</b>, <i>food</i>. R. translates <i>consumption of my corpse. Maintenance,
+support</i>, seems preferable to either.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note452"></a>l. 452. Rönning (after Grimm) personifies Hild.&mdash;<cite>Beovulfs Kvadet</cite>,
+l. 59. Hildr is the name of one of the Scandinavian Walkyries, or battle-maidens, who transport the spirits of the slain to Walhalla. Cf. Kent's
+<cite>Elene</cite>, l. 18, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note455"></a>l. 455. &quot;The war-smiths, especially as forgers of the sword, were garmented
+with legend, and made into divine personages. Of these Weland
+is the type, husband of a swan maiden, and afterwards almost a god.&quot;&mdash;
+Br., p. 120. Cf. A. J. C. Hare's account of &quot;Wayland Smith's sword with
+which Henry II. was knighted,&quot; and which hung in Westminster Abbey
+to a late date.&mdash;<cite>Walks in London</cite>, ii. 228.</p>
+
+<p>l. 455. This is the <b>ælces mannes wyrd</b> of Boethius (Sw., p. 44) and
+the <b>wyrd bi&eth; swî&eth;ost</b> of Gnomic Verses, 5. There are about a dozen
+references to it in <cite>Beówulf</cite>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 455. E. compares the fatalism of this concluding hemistich with the
+Christian tone of <a href="#li685">l. 685</a> <i>seq.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note457"></a>ll. 457, 458. B. reads <b>wære-ryhtum</b> ( = <i>from the obligations of
+clientage</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note480"></a>l. 480. Cf. <a href="#li1231">l. 1231</a>, where the same sense, &quot;flown with wine,&quot; occurs.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note488"></a>l. 488. &quot;The <b>dugu&eth;</b>, the mature and ripe warriors, the aristocracy of
+the nation, are the support of the throne.&quot;&mdash;E. The M. E. form of the word,
+<i>douth</i>, occurs often. Associated with <b>geogo&eth;</b>, <a href="#li160">ll. 160</a> and <a href="#li622">622</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note489"></a>l. 489. Kl. omits comma after <b>meoto</b> and reads (with B.)
+<b>sige-hrê&eth;-secgum</b>, = <i>disclose thy thought to the
+victor-heroes</i>. Others, as Körner, convert <b>meoto</b> into an
+imperative and divide <b>on sæl</b> = <i>think upon happiness</i>. But cf.
+<b>onband beadu-rûne</b>, <a href="#li501">l. 501</a>. B. supposes <b>onsæl meoto</b> =<i>speak
+courteous words</i>. <cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 292; <cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xi. 411;
+<cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> ii. 251.</p>
+
+<p>l. 489. Cf. the invitation at <a href="#li1783">l. 1783</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note494"></a>l. 494. Cf. Grimm's <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 1097, for <b>deal</b>, =<i>proud,
+elated, exulting</i>; <cite>Phoenix</cite> (Bright), l. 266.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note499"></a>l. 499. MS. has <b>Hunfer&eth;</b>, but the alliteration requires
+<b>Ûnfer&eth;</b>, as at <a href="#li499">ll. 499</a>, <a href="#li1166">1166</a>, <a href="#li1489">1489</a>; and cf. <a href="#li1542">ll. 1542</a>, <a href="#li2095">2095</a>, <a href="#li2930">2930</a>. See
+<i>List of Names</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note501"></a>l. 501. <b>sî&eth;</b> = <i>arrival</i> (?); cf. <a href="#li353">l. 353</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note504"></a>l. 504. <b>&thorn;on mâ</b> = <i>the more</i> (?), may be added to the references
+under <b>&thorn;on</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note506"></a>l. 506. E. compares the taunt of Eliab to David, I Sam. xvii. 28.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note509"></a>l. 509. <b>dol-gilp</b> = <i>idle boasting</i>. The second definition in
+the Gloss. is wrong.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note513"></a>l. 513. &quot;Eagor-stream might possibly be translated the stream of Eagor, the
+awful terror-striking stormy sea in which the terrible [Scandinavian] giant
+dwelt, and through which he acted.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 164. He remarks, &quot;The English
+term <i>eagre</i> still survives in provincial dialect for the tide-wave or
+bore on rivers. Dryden uses it in his <cite>Threnod. Angust.</cite> 'But like an
+<i>eagre</i> rode in triumph o'er the tide.' Yet we must be cautious,&quot; etc.
+Cf. Fox's <cite>Boethius</cite>, ll. 20, 236; Thorpe's <cite>Cædmon</cite>, 69, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note524"></a>l. 524. Krüger and B. read <b>Bânstânes</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 573.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note525"></a>l. 525. R. reads <b>wyrsan</b> (= <b>wyrses:</b> cf. Mod. Gr. <i>guten
+Muthes</i>) <b>ge&thorn;inges</b>; but H.-So. shows that the MS. <b>wyrsan ...
+&thorn;ingea = wyrsena &thorn;inga</b>, <i>can stand</i>; cf. gen. pl. <b>banan</b>,
+<cite>Christ</cite>, l. 66, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note534"></a>l. 534. Insert, under <b>eard-lufa</b> (in Gloss.), <b>earfo&eth;</b>, st. n.,
+<i>trouble, difficulty, struggle</i>; acc. pl. earfe&eth;o, <a href="#li534">534</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note545"></a>l. 545 <i>seq.</i> &quot;Five nights Beowulf and Breca kept together, not
+swimming, but sailing in open boats (to swim the seas is to sail the seas),
+then storm drove them asunder ... Breca is afterwards chief of the
+Brondings, a tribe mentioned in <cite>Wîdsíth</cite>. The story seems legendary,
+not mythical.&quot;&mdash;Br., pp. 60, 61.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note574"></a>ll. 574-578. B. suggests <b>swâ &thorn;ær for hwä&eth;ere</b>, = <i>so there it
+befell me</i>. But the word at <a href="#li574">l. 574</a> seems = <i>however</i>, and at <a href="#li578">l. 578</a>
+= <i>yet</i>; cf. <a href="#li891">l. 891</a>; see S.; <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 138; <cite>Tidskr.</cite>
+viii. 48; <cite>Zacher</cite>, iii. 387, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note586"></a>l. 586. Gr. and Grundt. read <b>fâgum sweordum (no ic &thorn;äs fela gylpe!</b>),
+supplying <b>fela</b> and blending the broken half-lines into one. Ho. and
+Kl. supply <b>geflites</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note599"></a>l. 599. E. translates <b>nýd-bâde</b> by <i>blackmail</i>; adding &quot;<b>nêd
+bâd</b>, <i>toll</i>; <b>nêd bâdere</b>, <i>tolltaker</i>.&quot;&mdash;Land Charters,
+Gloss, v.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note601"></a>l. 601. MS. has <b>ond</b> = <i>and</i> in three places only (<a href="#li601">601</a>, <a href="#li1149">1149</a>,
+<a href="#li2041">2041</a>); elsewhere it uses the symbol 7 = <i>and</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note612"></a>l. 612. <i>seq.</i> Cf. the drinking ceremony at <a href="#li1025">l. 1025</a>. &quot;The royal lady
+offers the cup to Beowulf, not in his turn where he sate among the rest,
+but after it has gone the round; her approach to Beowulf is an act
+apart.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note620"></a>l. 620. &quot;The [loving] cup which went the round of the company and was
+tasted by all,&quot; like the Oriel and other college anniversary cups.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note622"></a>l. 622. Cf. <a href="#li160">ll. 160</a>, <a href="#li1191">1191</a>, for the respective places of young and old.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note623"></a>l. 623. Cf. the circlet of gold worn by Wealh&thorn;eów at <a href="#li1164">l. 1164</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note631"></a>l. 631. <b>gyddode</b>. Cf. Chaucer, <cite>Prol.</cite> l. 237 (ed. Morris):</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Of <i>yeddynges</i> he bar utterly the prys.&quot;</div>
+<p>Cf. <i>giddy</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note648"></a>l. 648. Kl. suggests a period after <b>ge&thorn;inged</b>, especially as B.
+(<cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 57) has shown that <b>o&thorn;&thorn;e</b> is sometimes =
+<b>ond</b>. Th. supplies <b>ne</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note650"></a>l. 650. <b>o&thorn;&thorn;e</b> here and at <a href="#li2476">ll. 2476</a>, <a href="#li3007">3007</a>, probably = <i>and</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note651"></a>l. 651. Cf. 704, where <b>sceadu-genga</b> (the <i>night-ganger</i> of
+<cite>Leechdoms</cite>, ii. 344) is applied to the demon.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note659"></a>l. 659. Cf. <a href="#li2431">l. 2431</a> for same formula, &quot;to have and to hold&quot; of the Marriage
+Service.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note681"></a>l. 681. B. considers <b>&thorn;eáh ... eal</b> a precursor of Mod. Eng.
+<i>although</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note682"></a>l. 682. <b>gôdra</b> = <i>advantages in battle</i> (Gr.),
+<i>battle-skill</i> (Ha.), <i>skill in war</i> (H.-So.). Might not
+<b>nât</b> be changed to <b>nah = ne + âh</b> (cf. <a href="#li2253">l. 2253</a>), thus
+justifying the translation <i>ability</i> (?) &mdash;<i>he has not the ability
+to</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note695"></a>l. 695. Kl. reads <b>hiera</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 189. B. omits <b>hîe</b>
+as occurring in the previous hemistich.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 89.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note698"></a>l. 698. &quot;Here Destiny is a web of cloth.&quot;&mdash;E., who compares the Greek
+Clotho, &quot;spinster of fate.&quot; Women are also called &quot;weavers of peace,&quot; as l.
+<a href="#li1943">1943</a>. Cf. Kent's <cite>Elene</cite>, l. 88; <cite>Wîdsî&eth;</cite>, l. 6, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note711"></a>l. 711. B. translates <b>&thorn;â</b> by <i>when</i> and connects with the
+preceding sentences, thus rejecting the ordinary canto-division at <a href="#li711">l. 711</a>.
+He objects to the use of <b>com</b> as principal vb. at <a href="#li703">ll. 703</a>, <a href="#li711">711</a>, and
+721. (<cite>Beit</cite>, xii.)</p>
+
+<p>l. 711. &quot;Perhaps the Gnomic verse which tells of Thyrs, the giant, is
+written with Grendel in the writer's mind,&mdash;<b>&thorn;yrs sceal on fenne gewunian
+âna inuan lande</b>, <i>the giant shall dwell in the fen, alone in the
+land</i> (Sweet's Read., p. 187).&quot;&mdash;Br. p. 36.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note717"></a>l. 717. Dietrich, in <cite>Haupt.</cite> xi. 419, quotes from Ælfric, <cite>Hom.</cite>
+ii. 498: <b>hê beworhte &thorn;â bigelsas mid gyldenum læfrum</b>, <i>he covered
+the arches with gold-leaf</i>,&mdash;a Roman custom derived from Carthage. Cf.
+Mod. Eng. <i>oriel</i> = <i>aureolum</i>, a gilded room.&mdash;E. (quoting
+Skeat). Cf. <a href="#li2257">ll. 2257</a>, <a href="#li1097">1097</a>, <a href="#li2247">2247</a>, <a href="#li2103">2103</a>, <a href="#li2702">2702</a>, <a href="#li2283">2283</a>, <a href="#li333">333</a>, <a href="#li1751">1751</a>, for various
+uses of gold-sheets.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note720"></a>l. 720. B. and ten Br. suggest <i>hell-thane</i> (Grendel) for
+<b>heal-&thorn;egnas</b>, and make <b>häle</b> refer to Beowulf. Cf. <a href="#li142">l. 142</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note723"></a>l. 723. Z. reads <b>[ge]hrân</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note727"></a>l. 727. For this use of <b>standan</b>, cf. <a href="#li2314">ll. 2314</a>, <a href="#li2770">2770</a>; and Vergil,
+<cite>Ecl.</cite> ii. 26:</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Cum placidum ventis <i>staret</i> mare.&quot;</div>
+
+<p><a name="note757"></a>l. 757. <b>gedräg</b>. <i>Tumult</i> is one of the meanings of this word.
+Here, appar. = <i>occupation, lair</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note759"></a>l. 759. R. reads <b>môdega</b> for <b>gôda</b>, &quot;because the attribute
+cannot be separated from the word modified unless the two alliterate.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note762"></a>l. 762. Cf. <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 1537, for a similar use of <b>ût</b> =
+<i>off</i>.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note769"></a>l. 769. The foreign words in <cite>Beówulf</cite> (as <b>ceaster</b>-here) are
+not numerous; others are (aside from proper names like <i>Cain, Abel</i>,
+etc.) <b>deófol (diabolus), candel</b> (<a href="#li1573">l. 1573</a>), <b>ancor</b> (<a href="#li303">l. 303</a>),
+<b>scrîfan (for- ge-), segn</b> (<a href="#li47">l. 47</a>), <b>gigant</b> (<a href="#li113">l. 113</a>),
+<b>mîl-</b> (<a href="#li1363">l. 1363</a>), <b>stræt</b> (<a href="#li320">l. 320</a>), <b>ombeht</b> (<a href="#li287">l. 287</a>),
+<b>gim</b> (<a href="#li2073">l. 2073</a>), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note770"></a>l. 770. MS. reads <b>cerwen</b>, a word conceived by B. and others to be
+part of a fem. compd.: <b>-scerwen</b> like <b>-wenden</b> in
+<b>ed-wenden</b>, <b>-ræden</b>, etc. (cf. <b>meodu-scerpen</b> in
+<cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 1528); emended to <b>-scerwen</b>, <i>a great scare
+under the figure of a mishap at a drinking-bout</i>; one might compare
+<b>bescerwan</b>, <i>to deprive</i>, from <b>bescyrian</b> (Grein, i. 93),
+hence <b>ealu-seerwen</b> would = <i>a sudden taking away, deprivation, of
+the beer</i>.&mdash;H.-So., p. 93. See B., <cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 292.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note771"></a>l. 771. Ten Br. reads <b>rê&eth;e, rênhearde</b>, = <i>raging, exceeding
+bold</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note792"></a>l. 792. Instrumental adverbial phrases like <b>ænige &thorn;inga, nænige
+&thorn;inga</b> (<i>not at all</i>), <b>hûru &thorn;inga</b> (<i>especially</i>) are
+not infrequent. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 178; March, <cite>A.-S.
+Gram.</cite>, p. 182.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note811"></a>l. 811. <b>myr&eth;e</b>. E. translates <i>in wanton mood</i>. Toller-Bosw.
+does not recognize <i>sorrow</i> as one of the meanings of this word.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note850"></a>ll. 850, 851. S. reads <b>deóp</b> for <b>deóg</b> and erases semicolon after <b>weól</b>, =
+<i>the death-stained deep welled with sword-gore</i>; cf. <a href="#li1424">l. 1424</a>. B. reads
+<b>deá&eth;-fæges deóp</b>, etc., = <i>the deep welled with the doomed one's
+gore</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 89.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note857"></a>l. 857. The meaning of <b>blaneum</b> is partly explained by <b>fealwe
+mearas</b> below, <a href="#li866">l. 866</a>. Cf. Layamon's &quot;and leop on his <i>blancke&quot; =
+steed</i>, l. 23900; Kent's <cite>Elene</cite>, l. 1185.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note859"></a>l. 859. Körner, <cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> i. 482, regards the oft-recurring <b>be
+sæm tweónum</b> as a mere formula = <i>on earth</i>; cf. <a href="#li1298">ll. 1298</a>, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>.
+<b>tweóne</b> is part of the separable prep. <i>between</i>; see
+<b>be-</b>. Cf. Baskerville's <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 558.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note865"></a>l. 865. Cf. <cite>Voyage of Ôhthere and Wulfstân</cite> for an account of funeral
+horse-racing, Sweet's Read., p. 22.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note868"></a>l. 868. See Ha., p. 31, for a variant translation.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note871"></a>l. 871 <i>seq.</i> R. considers this a technical description of improvised
+alliterative verse, suggested by and wrought out on the spur of the moment.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note872"></a>l. 872. R. and B. propose <b>secg[an]</b>, = <i>rehearse</i>, for
+<b>secg</b>, which suits the verbs in the next two lines.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note878"></a>ll. 878-98. &quot;It pleases me to think that it is in English literature we
+possess the first sketch of that mighty saga [the Volsunga Saga =
+<b>Wälsinges gewin</b>] which has for so many centuries engaged all the
+arts, and at last in the hands of Wagner the art of music.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 63.
+Cf. <cite>Nibelung. Lied</cite>, l. 739.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note894"></a>l. 894. Intransitive verbs, as <b>gân, weor&eth;an</b>, sometimes take
+<b>habban</b>, &quot;to indicate independent action.&quot;&mdash;Sw. Cf. <b>hafa&eth; ...
+geworden</b>, <a href="#li2027">l. 2027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note895"></a>l. 895. &quot;<b>brûcan</b> (<i>enjoy</i>) always has the genitive.&quot;&mdash;Sw.; cf.
+<a href="#li895">l. 895</a>; acc., gen., instr., dat., according to March, <cite>A.-S. Gram.</cite>,
+p. 151.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note898"></a>l. 898. Scherer proposes <b>hâte</b>, = <i>from heat</i>, instr. of
+<b>hât</b>, <i>heat</i>; cf. <a href="#li2606">l. 2606</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note901"></a>l. 901. <b>hê &thorn;äs âron &thorn;âh</b> = <i>he throve in honor</i> (B.). Ten Br.
+inserts comma after <b>&thorn;âh</b>, making <b>si&eth;&eth;an</b> introduce a depend.
+clause.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 568. Cf. <b>weor&eth;-myndum &thorn;âh</b>, <a href="#li8">l. 8</a>; ll.
+<a href="#li1155">1155</a>, <a href="#li1243">1243</a>.&mdash;H.-So.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note902"></a>l. 902. <b>Heremôdes</b> is considered by Heinzel to be a mere epithet =
+<i>the valiant</i>; which would refer the whole passage to Sigmund
+(Sigfrid), the <b>eotenas</b>, <a href="#li903">l. 903</a>, being the Nibelungen. This, says
+H.-So., gets rid of the contradiction between the good &quot;Heremôd&quot; here and
+the bad one, <a href="#li1710">l. 1710</a> <i>seq.</i>&mdash;B. however holds fast to
+Heremôd.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 41. <b>on feónda geweald</b>, <a href="#li904">l. 904</a>,&mdash;<i>into
+the hands of devils</i>, says B.; cf. <a href="#li809">ll. 809</a>, <a href="#li1721">1721</a>, <a href="#li2267">2267</a>; <cite>Christ</cite>,
+l. 1416; <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 1621; for <b>hine fyren onwôd</b>, cf.
+<cite>Gen.</cite> l. 2579; Hunt's <cite>Dan.</cite> 17: <b>hîe wlenco anwôd</b>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 902 <i>seq.</i> &quot;Heremôd's shame is contrasted with the glory of
+Sigemund, and with the prudence, patience, generosity, and gentleness of
+Beowulf as a chieftain.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 66.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note906"></a>l. 906. MS. has <b>lemede</b>. Toller-Bosw. corrects to <b>lemedon</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note917"></a>l. 917. Cf. Hunt's <cite>Exod.</cite>, l. 170, for similar language.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note925"></a>l. 925. <b>hôs</b>, G. <b>hansa</b>, <i>company</i>, &quot;the word from which
+the mercantile association of the 'Hanseatic' towns took their
+designation.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note927"></a>l. 927. <b>on sta&thorn;ole</b> = <i>on the floor</i> (B., Rask, ten
+Br.).&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 90.</p>
+
+<p>l. 927. May not <b>steápne</b> here = <i>bright</i>, from its being
+immediately followed by <b>golde fâhne</b>? Cf. Chaucer's &quot;his eyen
+<i>stepe</i>,&quot; <cite>Prol.</cite> l. 201 (ed. Morris); Cockayne's <cite>Ste.
+Marherete</cite>, pp. 9, 108; <cite>St. Kath.</cite>, l. 1647.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note931"></a>l. 931. <b>grynna</b> may be for <b>gyrnna</b> (= <i>sorrows</i>), gen.
+plu. of <b>gyrn</b>, as suggested by one commentator.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note937"></a>l. 937. B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 90) makes <b>gehwylcne</b> object of
+<b>wîd-scofen (häfde)</b>. Gr. makes <b>weá</b> nom. absolute.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note940"></a>l. 940. <b>scuccum</b>: cf. G. <b>scheuche, scheusal</b>; Prov. Eng.
+<i>old-shock</i>; perhaps the pop. interjection <i>O shucks!</i> (!)</p>
+
+<p><a name="note959"></a>l. 959. H. explains <b>we</b> as a &quot;plur. of majesty,&quot; which Beówulf throws
+off at <a href="#li964">l. 964</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note963"></a>l. 963. <b>feónd &thorn;one frätgan</b> (B. <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 90).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note976"></a>l. 976. <b>synnum</b>. &quot;Most abstract words in the poetry have a very wide
+range of meanings, diverging widely from the prose usage, <b>synn</b>, for
+instance, means simply <i>injury, mischief, hatred</i>, and the prose
+meaning <i>sin</i> is only a secondary one; <b>hata</b> in poetry is not
+only <i>hater</i>, but <i>persecutor, enemy</i>, just as <b>nî&eth;</b> is both
+<i>hatred</i> and <i>violence, strength</i>; <b>heard</b> is <i>sharp</i>
+as well as <i>hard</i>.&quot;&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note986"></a>l. 986. S. places <b>wäs</b> at end of <a href="#li985">l. 985</a> and reads <b>stî&eth;ra
+nägla</b>, omitting <b>gehwylc</b> and the commas after that and after
+<b>sceáwedon</b>. <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 138; <b>stêdra</b> (H.-So.);
+<b>hand-sporu</b> (H.-So.) at <a href="#li987">l. 987</a>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 986. Miller (<cite>Anglia</cite>, xii. 3) corrects to <b>æghwylene</b>, in
+apposition to <b>fingras</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note987"></a>l. 987. <b>hand-sporu</b>. See <cite>Anglia</cite>, vii. 176, for a discussion of
+the intrusion of <b>u</b> into the nom. of <b>n</b>-stems.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note988"></a>l. 988. Cf. <a href="#li2121">ll. 2121</a>, <a href="#li2414">2414</a>, for similar use of <b>unheóru = ungeheuer</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note992"></a>l. 992. B. suggests <b>heátimbred</b> for <b>hâten</b>, and
+<b>gefrätwon</b> for <b>-od</b>; Kl., <b>hroden</b> (<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 189).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note995"></a>l. 995, 996. Gold-embroidered tapestries seem to be meant by <b>web</b> =
+<i>aurifrisium</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note997"></a>l. 997. After <b>&thorn;âra &thorn;e</b> = <i>of those that</i>, the depend, vb. often
+takes sg. for pl.; cf. <a href="#li844">ll. 844</a>, <a href="#li1462">1462</a>, <a href="#li2384">2384</a>, <a href="#li2736">2736</a>.&mdash;Sw.; Dietrich.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note998"></a>l. 998. &quot;Metathesis of <b>l</b> takes place in <b>seld</b> for <b>setl,
+bold</b> for <b>botl</b>,&quot; etc.&mdash;Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 96. Cf. Eng.
+proper names, <i>Bootle, Battle</i>field, etc.&mdash;Skeat, <i>Principles</i>,
+i. 250.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1000"></a>l. 1000. <b>heorras</b>: cf. Chaucer, <cite>Prol.</cite> (ed. Morris) l. 550:</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of <i>harre</i>.&quot;</div>
+
+<p><a name="note1005"></a>ll. 1005-1007. See <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 391, and <cite>Beit.</cite> xii.
+368, for R.'s and B.'s views of this difficult passage.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1009"></a>l. 1009. Cf. <a href="#li1612">l. 1612</a> for <b>sæl and mæl</b>, surviving still in E. Anglia
+in &quot;mind your <i>seals and meals</i>,&quot; = <i>times and occasions</i>, i.e.
+have your wits about you.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1012"></a>ll. 1012, 1013. Cf. <a href="#li753">ll. 753</a>, <a href="#li754">754</a> for two similar comparatives used in
+conjunction.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1014"></a>l. 1014. Cf. <a href="#li327">l. 327</a> for similar language.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1015"></a>ll. 1015, 1016. H.-So. puts these two lines in parentheses (<b>fylle ...
+&thorn;âra</b>). Cf. B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 91.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1024"></a>l. 1024. One of the many famous swords spoken of in the poem. See
+<b>Hrunting</b>, <a href="#li1458">ll. 1458</a>, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>; <b>Hûnlâfing</b>, <a href="#li1144">l. 1144</a>, etc. Cf.
+Excalibur, Roland's sword, the Nibelung Balmung, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1034"></a>l. 1034. <b>scûr-heard</b>. For an ingenious explanation of this disputed
+word see Professor Pearce's article in <cite>Mod. Lang. Notes</cite>, Nov. 1,
+1892, and ensuing discussion.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1039"></a>l. 1039. <b>eoderas</b> is of doubtful meaning. H. and Toller-Bosw. regard
+the word here = <i>enclosure, palings of the court</i>. Cf. <cite>Cædmon</cite>,
+ll. 2439, 2481. The passage throws interesting light on horses and their
+trappings</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1043"></a>l. 1043. Grundt. emends <b>wîg</b> to <b>wicg</b>, = <i>charger</i>; and E.
+quotes Tacitus, <cite>Germania</cite>, 7.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1044"></a>l. 1044. &quot;Power over each and both&quot;; cf. &quot;all and some,&quot; &quot;one and all.&quot;</p>
+
+<p>For <b>Ingwin</b>, see <i>List of Names</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1065"></a>l. 1065. Gr. contends that <b>fore</b> here = <b>de</b>, <i>concerning,
+about</i> (Ebert's <cite>Jahrb.</cite>, 1862, p. 269).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1069"></a>l. 1069. H.-So. supplies <b>fram</b> after <b>eaferum</b>, to govern it, =
+<i>concerning</i> (?). Cf. <cite>Fight at Finnsburg</cite>, Appendix.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1070"></a>l. 1070. For the numerous names of the Danes, &quot;bright-&quot; &quot;spear-&quot; &quot;east-&quot;
+&quot;west-&quot; &quot;ring-&quot; Danes, see these words.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1073"></a>l. 1073. <b>Eotenas</b> = <i>Finn's people, the Frisians</i>; cf. <a href="#li1089">ll. 1089</a>,
+<a href="#li1142">1142</a>, <a href="#li1146">1146</a>, etc., and <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 37. Why they are so called is not
+known.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1084"></a>l. 1084. R. proposes <b>wiht Hengeste wi&eth; gefeohtan</b> (<cite>Zachers
+Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 394). Kl., <b>wi&eth; H. wiht gefeohtan</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1085"></a>ll. 1085 and 1099. <b>weá-lâf</b> occurs in Wulfstan, <cite>Hom.</cite> 133, ed.
+Napier.&mdash;E. Cf. <b>daro&eth;a lâf</b>, <cite>Brunanb.</cite>, l. 54; <b>âdes
+lâfe</b>, <cite>Phoenix</cite>, 272 (Bright), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1098"></a>l. 1098. <b>elne unflitme</b> = <i>so dass der eid (der inhalt des eides)
+nicht streitig war</i>.&mdash;B., <cite>Beit.</cite> iii. 30. But cf. 1130, where
+Hengist and Finn are again brought into juxtaposition and the expression
+<b>ealles (?) unhlitme</b> occurs.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1106"></a>l. 1106. The pres. part. + <b>be</b>, as <b>myndgiend wære</b> here, is
+comparatively rare in original A.-S. literature, but occurs abundantly in
+translations from the Latin. The periphrasis is generally meaningless. Cf.
+<a href="#li3029">l. 3029</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1108"></a>l. 1108. Körner suggests <b>ecge</b>, = <i>sword</i>, in reference to a
+supposed old German custom of placing ornaments, etc., on the point of a
+sword or spear (<cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> i. 495). Singer, <b>ince-gold</b> =
+<i>bright gold</i>; B., <b>andiége</b> = Goth, <i>andaugjo, evidently</i>.
+Cf. <b>incge lâfe</b>, <a href="#li2578">l. 2578</a>. Possibly: and <b>inge</b> (= <i>young
+men</i>) <b>gold âhôfon of horde</b>. For <b>inge</b>, cf. Hunt's
+<cite>Exod.</cite> l. 190.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1115"></a>ll. 1115-1120. R. proposes (<b>hêt &thorn;â ...) bânfatu bärnan ond on bæl dôn,
+earme on eaxe</b> = <i>to place the arms in the ashes</i>, reading
+<b>gû&eth;rêc</b> = <i>battle-reek</i>, for <b>-rinc</b> (<cite>Zachers
+Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 395). B., Sarrazin (<cite>Beit.</cite> xi. 530), Lichtenfeld
+(<cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xvi. 330), C., etc., propose various emendations.
+See H.-So., p. 97, and <cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 568. For <b>gù&eth;rinc âstâh</b>,
+cf. Old Norse, <i>stiga á bál</i>, &quot;ascend the bale-fire.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1116"></a>l. 1116. <b>sweolo&eth;e</b>. &quot;On Dartmoor the burning of the furze up the
+hillsides to let new grass grow, is called <i>zwayling</i>.&quot;&mdash;E. Cf.
+<i>sultry</i>, G. <i>schwül</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1119"></a>l. 1119. Cf. <b>wudu-rêc âstâh</b>, <a href="#li3145">l. 3145</a>; and <cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt), l.
+450: <b>wælmist âstâh</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1122"></a>l. 1122. <b>ätspranc</b> = <i>burst forth, arose</i> (omitted from the
+Gloss.), &lt; <b>ät + springan</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1130"></a>l. 1130. R. and Gr. read <b>elne unflitme</b>, = <i>loyally and without
+contest</i>, as at <a href="#li1098">l. 1098</a>. Cf. Ha., p. 39; H.-So., p. 97.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1137"></a>l. 1137. <b>scacen</b> = <i>gone</i>; cf. <a href="#li1125">ll. 1125</a>, <a href="#li2307">2307</a>, <a href="#li2728">2728</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1142"></a>l. 1142. &quot;The sons of the Eotenas&quot; (B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 31, who
+conjectures a gap after 1142).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1144"></a>l. 1144. B. separates thus: <b>Hûn Lâfing</b>, = <i>Hûn placed the sword
+Lâfing</i>, etc.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 32; cf. R., <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite>
+iii. 396. Heinzel and Homburg make other conjectures (Herrig's
+<cite>Archiv</cite>, 72, 374, etc.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1143"></a>l. 1143. B., H.-So., and Möller read: <b>worod rædenne, &thorn;onne him Hûn
+Lâfing</b>, = <i>military brotherhood, when Hûn laid upon his breast</i>
+(the sword) <i>Lâfing</i>. There is a sword <i>Laufi, Lövi</i> in the Norse
+sagas; but swords, armor, etc., are often called the <i>leaving</i>
+(<b>lâf</b>) of files, hammers, etc., especially a precious heirloom; cf.
+<a href="#li454">ll. 454</a>, <a href="#li1033">1033</a>, <a href="#li2830">2830</a>, <a href="#li2037">2037</a>, <a href="#li2629">2629</a>, <a href="#li796">796</a>, etc., etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1152"></a>l. 1152. <b>roden</b> = <i>reddened</i> (B., <cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 295).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1160"></a>l. 1160. For <a href="#li1069">ll. 1069-1160</a>, containing the Finn episode, cf. Möller,
+<cite>Alteng. Volksepos</cite>, 69, 86, 94; Heinzel, <cite>Anz. f. dtsch.
+Altert.</cite>, 10, 226; B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 29-37. Cf. <cite>Wîdsî&eth;</cite>, l.
+33, etc.</p>
+
+<p>ll. 1160, 1161. <b>leó&eth;</b> (<b>lied</b> = <i>song, lay</i>) and <b>gyd</b>
+here appear synonyms.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1162"></a>ll. 1162-1165. &quot;Behind the wars and tribal wanderings, behind the
+contentions of the great, we watch in this poem the steady, continuous life
+of home, the passions and thoughts of men, the way they talked and moved
+and sang and drank and lived and loved among one another and for one
+another.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 18.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1163"></a>l. 1163. Cf. <i>wonderwork</i>. So <i>wonder-death, wonder-bidding,
+wonder-treasure, -smith, -sight</i>, etc. at <a href="#li1748">ll. 1748</a>, <a href="#li3038">3038</a>, <a href="#li2174">2174</a>, <a href="#li1682">1682</a>,
+<a href="#li996">996</a>, etc. Cf. the German use of the same intensive, = <i>wondrous</i>, in
+<i>wunder-schön</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1165"></a>l. 1165. <b>&thorn;â gyt</b> points to some future event when &quot;each&quot; was not
+&quot;true to other,&quot; undeveloped in this poem, <b>suhtor-gefäderan</b> =
+Hrô&eth;gâr and Hrô&eth;ulf, <a href="#li1018">l. 1018</a>. Cf. <b>â&eth;um-swerian</b>, <a href="#li84">l. 84</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1167"></a>l. 1167 almost repeats <a href="#li500">l. 500</a>, <b>ät fôtum</b>, etc., where Ûnfer&eth; is first
+introduced.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1191"></a>l. 1191. E. sees in this passage separate seats for youth and middle-aged
+men, as in English college halls, chapels, convocations, and churches
+still.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1192"></a>l. 1192. <b>ymbutan</b>, <i>round about</i>, is sometimes thus separated:
+<b>ymb hie ûtan</b>; cf. <cite>Voyage of Ôhthere</cite>, etc. (Sw.), p. 18, l.
+34, etc.; <cite>Beówulf</cite>, <a href="#li859">ll. 859</a>, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1194"></a>l. 1194. <b>bewägned</b>, a &#x1F03;&pi;&alpha;&xi; &lambda;&epsilon;&gamma;&#x1F79;&mu;&epsilon;&nu;&omicron;&nu;, tr. <i>offered</i> by
+Th. Probably a p. p. <b>wägen</b>, made into a vb. by <b>-ian</b>, like
+<i>own, drown</i>, etc. Cf. <b>hafenian</b> ( &lt; <b>hafen</b>, &lt;
+<b>hebban</b>), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1196"></a>l. 1196. E. takes the expression to mean &quot;mantle and its rings or
+broaches.&quot; &quot;Rail&quot; long survived in Mid. Eng. (<cite>Piers Plow.</cite>, etc.).</p>
+
+<p>l. 1196. This necklace was afterwards given by Beowulf to Hygd, <a href="#li2173">ll. 2173</a>,
+<a href="#li2174">2174</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1199"></a>ll. 1199-1215. From the obscure hints in the passage, a part of the poem
+may be approximately dated,&mdash;if Hygelâc is the <i>Chochi-laicus</i> of
+Gregory of Tours, <cite>Hist. Francorum</cite>, iii. 3,&mdash;about A.D. 512-20.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1200"></a>l. 1200. The <b>Breosinga men</b> (Icel. <i>Brisinga men</i>) is the
+necklace of the goddess Freya; cf. <cite>Elder Edda, Hamarshemt.</cite> Hâma
+stole the necklace from the Gothic King Eormenrîc; cf. <cite>Traveller's
+Song</cite>, ll. 8, 18, 88, 111. The comparison of the two necklaces leads the
+poet to anticipate Hygelâc's history,&mdash;a suggestion of the poem's mosaic
+construction.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1200. For <b>Brôsinga mene</b>, cf. B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 72. C.
+suggests <b>fleáh</b>, = <i>fled</i>, for <b>fealh</b>, placing semicolon
+after <b>byrig</b>, and making <b>hê</b> subject of <b>fleáh</b> and
+<b>geceás</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1202"></a>l. 1202. B. conjectures <b>geceás êcne ræd</b> to mean <i>he became a pious
+man and at death went to heaven</i>. Heime (Hâma) in the
+<cite>Thidrekssaga</cite> goes into a cloister = to choose the better part (?).
+Cf. H.-So., p. 98. But cf. Hrô&eth;gâr's language to Beowulf, <a href="#li1760">ll. 1760</a>, <a href="#li1761">1761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1211"></a>l. 1211. S. proposes <b>feoh</b>, = <i>property</i>, for <b>feorh</b>,
+which would be a parallel for <b>breóst-gewædu ... beáh</b> below.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1213"></a>l. 1213. E. remarks that in the <cite>Laws of Cnut</cite>, i. 26, the devil is called
+<b>se wôdfreca werewulf</b>, <i>the ravening werwolf</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1215"></a>l. 1215. C. proposes <b>heals-bêge onfêng</b>. <cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 570. For
+<b>hreâ-</b> Kl. suggests <b>hræ-</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1227"></a>l. 1227. The son referred to is, according to Ettmüller, the one that
+reigns after Hrô&eth;gâr.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1229"></a>l. 1229. Kl. suggests <b>sî</b>, = <i>be</i>, for <i>is</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1232"></a>l. 1232. S. gives <i>wine-elated</i> as the meaning of
+<b>druncne</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 139; Kl. <cite>ibid.</cite> 189, 194. But cf.
+<cite>Judith</cite>, ll. 67, 107.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1235"></a>l. 1235. Cf. <a href="#li119">l. 119</a> for similarity of language.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1235. Kl. proposes <b>gea-sceaft</b>; but cf. <a href="#li1267">l. 1267</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1246"></a>l. 1246. Ring armor was common in the Middle Ages. E. points out the
+numerous forms of <b>byrne</b> in cognate languages,&mdash;Gothic, Icelandic,
+OHG., Slavonic, O. Irish, Romance, etc. Du Chaillu, <cite>The Viking Age</cite>,
+i. 126. Cf. Murray's <cite>Dict.</cite> s. v.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1248"></a>l. 1248. <b>ânwîg-gearwe</b> = <i>ready for single combat</i> (C.); but cf.
+Ha. p. 43; <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 210, 282.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1252"></a>l. 1252. Some consider this <i>fitt</i> the beginning of Part (or Lay) II.
+of the original epic, if not a separate work in itself.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1254"></a>l. 1254. K., W., and Ho. read <b>farode</b> = <i>wasted;</i> Kolbing reads
+<b>furode</b>; but cf. <b>wêsten warode</b>, <a href="#li1266">l. 1266</a>. MS. has <b>warode</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1255"></a>ll. 1255-1258. This passage is a good illustration of the constant
+parallelism of word and phrase characteristic of A.-S. poetry, and is
+quoted by Sw. The changes are rung on <b>ende</b> and <b>swylt</b>, on
+<b>gesýne</b> and <b>wîdcû&eth;</b>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1259"></a>l. 1259. &quot;That this story of Grendel's mother was originally a separate lay
+from the first seems to be suggested by the fact that the monsters are
+described over again, and many new details added, such as would be inserted
+by a new singer who wished to enhance and adorn the original tale.&quot;&mdash;Br.,
+p. 41.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1259. Cf. <a href="#li107">l. 107</a>, which also points to the ancestry of murderers and
+monsters and their descent from &quot;Cain.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1261"></a>l. 1261. The MS. has <b>se &thorn;e</b>, m.; changed by some to <b>seo &thorn;e</b>. At
+<a href="#li1393">ll. 1393</a>, <a href="#li1395">1395</a>, <a href="#li1498">1498</a>, Grendel's mother is referred to as m.; at <a href="#li1293">ll. 1293</a>,
+<a href="#li1505">1505</a>, <a href="#li1541">1541-1546</a>, etc., as f., the uncertain pronoun designating a creature
+female in certain aspects, but masculine in demonic strength and
+savageness.&mdash;H.-So.; Sw. p. 202. Cf. the masc. epithets at <a href="#li1380">ll. 1380</a>, <a href="#li2137">2137</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1270"></a>l. 1270. <b>âglæca</b> = <i>Grendel</i>, though possibly referring to
+Beowulf, as at <a href="#li1513">l. 1513</a>.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1273"></a>l. 1273. &quot;It is not certain whether <b>anwalda</b> stands for
+<b>onwealda</b>, or whether it should be read <b>ânwealda</b>, = <i>only
+ruler</i>.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1279"></a>l. 1279. The MS. has <b>sunu &thorn;eod wrecan</b>, which R. changes to <b>sunu
+&thorn;eód-wrecan</b>, <b>&thorn;eód-</b> = <i>monstrous</i>; but why not regard
+<b>&thorn;eód</b> as opposition to <b>sunu</b>, = <i>her son, the prince?</i> See
+Sweet's Reader, and Körner's discussion, <cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> i. 500.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1281"></a>l. 1281. Ten Br. suggests (for <b>sôna</b>) <b>sâra</b> = <i>return of
+sorrows.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note1286"></a>l. 1286. &quot;<b>ge&thorn;uren</b> (twice so written in MSS.) stands for
+<b>ge&thorn;rúen</b>, <i>forged</i>, and is an isolated p. p.&quot;&mdash;Cook's Sievers'
+Gram., 209. But see Toller-Bosw. for examples; Sw., Gloss.; March, p. 100,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1292"></a>ll. 1292. <b>&thorn;e hine</b> = <i>whom;</i> cf. <a href="#li441">ll. 441</a>, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>, <a href="#li1292">1292</a>;
+<cite>Hêliand</cite>, l. 1308.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1298"></a>l. 1298. <b>be sæm tweonum</b>; cf. <a href="#li1192">l. 1192</a>; Hunt's <cite>Exod.</cite> l. 442;
+and Mod. Eng. &quot;to <i>us</i>-ward, etc.&mdash;Earle's <cite>Philol.</cite>, p. 449. Cf.
+note, l. 1192.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1301"></a>l. 1301. C. proposes <b>ô&eth;er him ärn</b> = <i>another apartment was
+assigned him</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1303"></a>l. 1303. B. conjectures <b>under hrôf genam</b>; but Ha., p. 45, shows this
+to be unnecessary, <b>under</b> also meaning <i>in</i>, as <i>in</i> (or
+<i>under</i>) these circumstances.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1319"></a>l. 1319. E. and Sw. suggest <b>nægde</b> or <b>nêgde</b>, <i>accosted</i>,
+< <b>nêgan</b> = Mid. Ger. <i>nêhwian</i>, pr. p. <i>nêhwiandans,
+approach</i>. For <b>hnægan</b>, <i>press down, vanquish</i>, see <a href="#li1275">ll. 1275</a>,
+<a href="#li1440">1440</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1321"></a>l. 1321. C. suggests <b>neád-lâ&eth;um</b> for <b>neód-la&eth;u</b>, <i>after
+crushing hostility</i>; but cf. <b>freónd-la&eth;u</b>, <a href="#li1193">l. 1193</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1334"></a>l. 1334. K. and ten Br. conjecture <b>gefägnod</b> = <i>rejoicing in her
+fill</i>, a parallel to <b>æse wlanc</b>, <a href="#li1333">l. 1333</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1340"></a>l. 1340. B. translates: &quot;and she has executed a deed of blood-vengeance of
+far-reaching consequence.&quot;&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 93.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1345"></a>l. 1345. B. reads <b>geó</b> for <b>eów</b> (<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv.
+205).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1346"></a>ll. 1346-1377. &quot;This is a fine piece of folk-lore in the oldest extant
+form.... The authorities for the story are the rustics (<a href="#li1346">ll. 1346</a>, <a href="#li1356">1356</a>).&quot;
+&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1347"></a>l. 1347. Cf. <b>sele-rædende</b> at <a href="#li51">l. 51</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1351"></a>l. 1351. &quot;The <b>ge</b> [of <b>gewitan</b>] may be merely a scribal
+error,&mdash;a repetition (dittography) of the preceding <b>ge</b> of
+<b>gewislîcost</b>.&quot;&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1352"></a>l. 1352. <b>ides</b>, like <b>firas</b>, <i>men</i>, etc., is a poetic word
+supposed by Grimm to have been applied, like Gr. &nu;&#x3CD;&mu;&phi;&eta;, to
+superhuman or semi-divine women.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1360"></a>ll. 1360-1495 <i>seq.</i> E. compares this Dantesque tarn and scenery with
+the poetical accounts of <cite>Æneid</cite>, vii. 563; <cite>Lucretius</cite>, vi. 739,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1360. <b>firgenstreám</b> occurs also in the <cite>Phoenix</cite> (Bright, p.
+168) l. 100; <cite>Andreas</cite>, ll. 779, 3144 (K.); <cite>Gnomic Verses</cite>, l.
+47, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1363"></a>l. 1363. The genitive is often thus used to denote measure = by or in
+miles; cf. <a href="#li3043">l. 3043</a>; and contrast with partitive gen. at <a href="#li207">l. 207</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1364"></a>l. 1364. The MS. reads <b>hrinde</b> = <b>hrînende</b> (?), which Gr.
+adopts; K. and Th. read <b>hrinde-bearwas; hringde</b>, <i>encircling</i>
+(Sarrazin, <cite>Beit.</cite> xi. 163); <b>hrîmge</b> = <i>frosty</i> (Sw.);
+<i>with frost-whiting covered</i> (Ha.). See Morris, <cite>Blickling Hom.</cite>,
+Preface, vi., vii.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1364. Cf. <b>Ruin, hrîmige edoras behrofene</b>, <i>rimy, roofless
+halls</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1366"></a>l. 1366. <b>nî&eth;wundor</b> may = <b>ni&eth;-</b> (as in <b>ni&eth;-sele</b>,
+<i>q. v.</i>) <b>wundor</b>, <i>wonder of the deep</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1368"></a>l. 1368. The personal pronoun is sometimes omitted in subordinate and even
+independent clauses; cf. <b>wite</b> here; and Hunt's <cite>Exod.</cite>, l. 319.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1370"></a>l. 1370. <b>hornum</b>. Such &quot;datives of manner or respect&quot; are not
+infrequent with adj.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1371"></a>l. 1371. &quot;<b>sele&eth;</b> is not dependent on <b>ær</b>, for in that case it
+would be in the subjunctive, but <b>ær</b> is simply an adverb, correlative
+with the conjunction <b>ær</b> in the next line: 'he will (sooner) give up
+his life, before he will,' etc.&quot;&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1372"></a>l. 1372. Cf. <a href="#li318">ll. 318</a> and <a href="#li543">543</a> for <b>willan</b> with similar omitted inf.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1373"></a>l. 1373. <b>heafola</b> is found only in poetry.&mdash;Sw. It occurs thirteen or
+fourteen times in this poem. Cf. the poetic <b>gamol, swât</b> (<a href="#li2694">l. 2694</a>),
+etc., for <b>eald, blôd</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1391"></a>l. 1391. <b>uton</b>: hortatory subj. of <b>wîtan</b>, <i>go</i>, = <i>let
+us go;</i> cf. French <i>allons</i>, Lat. <i>eamus</i>, Ital.
+<i>andiamo</i>, etc. + inf. Cf. <a href="#li2649">ll. 2649</a>, <a href="#li3102">3102</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1400"></a>l. 1400. H. is dat. of person indirectly affected, = advantage.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1402"></a>l. 1402. <b>geatolîc</b> probably = <i>in his equipments</i>, as B.
+suggests (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 83), comparing <b>searolîc</b>.</p>
+
+<p>ll. 1402, 1413 reproduce the wk. form of the pret. of <b>gân</b> (Goth,
+<i>gaggida</i>). Cf. <cite>Andreas</cite>, l. 1096, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1405"></a>l. 1405. S. (<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 140) supplies [<b>&thorn;ær heó</b>] <b>gegnum
+fôr</b>; B. (<cite>ibid.</cite> xii. 14) suggests <b>hwær heó</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1411"></a>l. 1411. B., Gr., and E. take <b>ân-pa&eth;as</b> = paths wide enough for only
+one, like Norwegian <i>einstig</i>; cf. <b>stîge nearwe</b>, just above.
+<i>Trail</i> is the meaning. Cf. <b>enge ânpa&eth;as, uncû&eth; gelâd</b>,
+<cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt), l. 58.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1421"></a>l. 1421. Cf. <b>oncý&eth;</b>, <a href="#li831">l. 831</a>. The whole passage (<a href="#li1411">ll. 1411-1442</a>) is
+replete with suggestions of walrus-hunting, seal-fishing, harpooning of
+sea-animals (<a href="#li1438">l. 1438</a>), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1425"></a>l. 1425. E. quotes from the 8th cent. Corpus Gloss., &quot;<i>Falanx</i> foe&eth;a.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1428"></a>l. 1428. For other mention of <b>nicors</b>, cf. <a href="#li422">ll. 422</a>, <a href="#li575">575</a>, <a href="#li846">846</a>. E.
+remarks, &quot;it survives in the phrase 'Old Nick' ... a word of high
+authority ... Icel. <i>nykr</i>, water-goblin, Dan. <i>nök, nisse</i>, Swed.
+<i>näcken</i>, G. <i>nix, nixe</i>, etc.&quot; See Skeat, <cite>Nick.</cite></p>
+
+<p><a name="note1440"></a>l. 1440. Sw. reads <b>gehnæged</b>, <i>prostrated</i>, and regards
+<b>nî&eth;a</b> as gen. pl. &quot;used instrumentally,&quot; = <i>by force.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note1441"></a>l. 1441. <b>-bora</b> = <i>bearer, stirrer;</i> occurs in other compds., as
+<b>mund-, ræd-, wæg-bora</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1447"></a>l. 1447. <b>him</b> = <i>for him</i>, a remoter dative of reference.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1455"></a>l. 1455. Gr. reads <b>brondne</b>, = <i>flaming</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1457"></a>l. 1457. <b>león</b> is the inf. of <b>lâh</b>; cf. <b>onlâh</b> (&lt;
+<b>onleón</b>) at <a href="#li1468">l. 1468</a>. <b>lîhan</b> was formerly given as the inf.; cf.
+<b>læne</b> = <b>læhne</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1458"></a>l. 1458. Cf. the similar dat. of possession as used in Latin.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1458. H.-So. compares the Icelandic saga account of Grettir's battle
+with the giant in the cave. <b>häft-mêce</b> may be = Icel. <i>heptisax</i>
+(<cite>Anglia</cite>, iii. 83), &quot;hip-knife.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1459"></a>l. 1459. &quot;The sense seems to be 'pre-eminent among the old treasures.' ...
+But possibly <b>foran</b> is here a prep. with the gen.: 'one before the
+old treasures.'&quot;.&mdash;Sw. For other examples of <b>foran</b>, cf. <a href="#li985">ll. 985</a>,
+<a href="#li2365">2365</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1460"></a>l. 1460. <b>âter-teárum</b> = <i>poison-drops</i> (C., <cite>Beit.</cite> viii.
+571; S., <cite>ibid.</cite> xi. 359).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1467"></a>l. 1467. <b>&thorn;ät</b>, comp. relative, = <i>that which</i>; &quot;we testify
+<i>that</i> we do know.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1480"></a>l. 1480. <b>for&eth;-gewitenum</b> is in appos. <b>to me</b>, = <i>mihi
+defuncto</i>.&mdash;M. Callaway, <cite>Am. Journ. of Philol.</cite>, October, 1889.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1482"></a>l. 1482. <b>nime</b>. Conditional clauses of doubt or future contingency
+take <b>gif</b> or <b>bûton</b> with subj.; cf. <a href="#li452">ll. 452</a>, <a href="#li594">594</a>; of fact or
+certainty, the ind.; cf. <a href="#li442">ll. 442</a>, <a href="#li447">447</a>, <a href="#li527">527</a>, <a href="#li662">662</a>, etc. For <b>bûton</b>, cf.
+<a href="#li967">ll. 967</a>, <a href="#li1561">1561</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1487"></a>l. 1487. &quot;<b>findan</b> sometimes has a preterit <b>funde</b> in W. S.
+after the manner of the weak preterits.&quot;&mdash;Cook's Sievers' Cram., p, 210.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1490"></a>l. 1490. Kl. reads <b>wäl-sweord</b>, = <i>battle-sword</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1507"></a>l. 1507. &quot;This cave under the sea seems to be another of those natural
+phenomena of which the writer had personal knowledge (<a href="#li2135">ll. 2135</a>, <a href="#li2277">2277</a>), and
+which was introduced by him into the mythical tale to give it a local
+color. There are many places of this kind. Their entrance is under the
+lowest level of the tide.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 45.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1514"></a>l. 1514. B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 362) explains <b>ni&eth;sele, hrôfsele</b> as
+<i>roof-covered hall in the deep</i>; cf. Grettir Saga (<cite>Anglia</cite>, iii.
+83).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1538"></a>l. 1538. Sw., R., and ten Br. suggest <b>feaxe</b> for <b>eaxle</b>, =
+<i>seized by the hair</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1543"></a>l. 1543. <b>and-leán</b> (R.); cf. <a href="#li2095">l. 2095</a>. The MS. has <b>hand-leán</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1546"></a>l. 1546. Sw. and S. read <b>seax</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 140.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1557"></a>l. 1557. H.-So. omits comma and places semicolon after <b>ý&eth;elîce</b>; Sw.
+and S. place comma after <b>gescêd</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1584"></a>l. 1584. <b>ô&eth;er swylc</b> = <i>another fifteen</i> (Sw.); = <i>fully as
+many</i> (Ha.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1592"></a>ll. 1592-1613 <i>seq.</i> Cf. <cite>Anglia</cite>, iii; 84 (Grettir Saga).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1595"></a>l. 1595. <b>blondenfeax</b> = <i>grizzly-haired</i> (Bright, Reader, p.
+258); cf. <cite>Brunanb.</cite>, l. 45 (Bright).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1599"></a>l. 1599. <b>gewear&eth;</b>, impers. vb., = <i>agree, decide = many agreed upon
+this, that</i>, etc. (Ha., p. 55; cf. <a href="#li2025">ll. 2025-2027</a>, 1997; B., <cite>Beit.</cite>
+xii. 97).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1605"></a>l. 1605. C. supposes <b>wiston</b> = <b>wîscton</b> =
+<i>wished</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 571.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1607"></a>l. 1607. <b>broden mæl</b> is now regarded as a comp. noun, = <i>inlaid or
+damascened sword</i>.&mdash;W., Ho.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1611"></a>l. 1611. <b>wäl-râpas</b> = <i>water-ropes = bands of frost</i> (<a href="#li1610">l. 1610</a>)
+(?). Possibly the Prov. Eng. <b>weele</b>, <i>whirlpool</i>. Cf.
+<b>wæl</b>, <i>gurges</i>, Wright, Voc., <cite>Gnom. Verses</cite>, l. 39.&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1611. wægrâpas (Sw.) = <i>wave-bands</i> (Ha.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1622"></a>l. 1622. B. suggests <b>eatna = eotena, eardas</b>, <i>haunts of the
+giants</i> (Northumbr. <b>ea</b> for <b>eo</b>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1635"></a>l. 1635. <b>cyning-holde</b> (B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 369); cf. <a href="#li290">l. 290</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1650"></a>l. 1650. H., Gr., and Ettmüller understand <b>idese</b> to refer to the
+queen.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1651"></a>l. 1651. Cf. <cite>Anglia</cite>, iii. 74, <cite>Beit.</cite> xi. 167, for coincidences
+with the Grettir Saga (13th cent.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1657"></a>l. 1657. Restore MS. reading <b>wigge</b> in place of <b>wîge</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1664"></a>l. 1664. B. proposes <b>eotenise ... èste</b> for <b>eácen ... oftost</b>,
+omitting brackets (<cite>Zackers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 206). G. translates
+<i>mighty ... often</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1675"></a>l. 1675. <b>ondrædan</b>. &quot;In late texts the final <b>n</b> of the
+preposition <b>on</b> is frequently lost when it occurs in a compound word
+or stereotyped phrase, and the prefix then appears as <b>a: abútan, amang,
+aweg, aright, adr'ædan</b>.&quot;&mdash;Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 98.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1680"></a>ll. 1680-1682. Giants and their work are also referred to at <a href="#li113">ll. 113</a>, <a href="#li455">455</a>,
+<a href="#li1563">1563</a>, <a href="#li1691">1691</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1680"></a>l. 1680. Cf. <b>ceastra ... or&eth;anc enta geweorc</b>, <cite>Gnomic Verses</cite>,
+l. 2; Sweet's Reader, p. 186.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1687"></a>ll. 1687-1697. &quot;In this description of the writing on the sword, we see the
+process of transition from heathen magic to the notions of Christian
+times .... The history of the flood and of the giants ... were substitutes
+for names of heathen gods, and magic spells for victory.&quot;&mdash;E. Cf.
+Mohammedan usage.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1703"></a>ll. 1703, 1704. <b>&thorn;ät &thorn;ê eorl nære geboren betera</b> (B., <cite>Tidskr.</cite>
+8, 52).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1715"></a>l. 1715. <b>âna hwearf</b> = <i>he died solitary and alone</i> (B.,
+<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 38); = <i>lonely</i> (Ha.); = <i>alone</i> (G.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1723"></a>l. 1723. <b>leód-bealo longsum</b> = <i>eternal hell-torment</i> (B.,
+<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 38, who compares <cite>Ps. Cott.</cite> 57, <b>lîf
+longsum</b>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1729"></a>l. 1729. E. translates <b>on lufan</b>, <i>towards possession</i>; Ha.,
+<i>to possessions</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1730"></a>l. 1730. <b>môdge&thorn;onc</b>, like <b>lig, sæ, segn, niht</b>, etc., is of
+double gender (m., n. in the case of <b>môdge&thorn;</b>.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1741"></a>l. 1741. The doctrine of nemesis following close on <i>&#x1F53;&beta;&rho;&iota;&sigmaf;</i>, or
+overweening pride, is here very clearly enunciated. The only protector
+against the things that &quot;assault and hurt&quot; the soul is the &quot;Bishop and
+Shepherd of our souls&quot; (<a href="#li1743">l. 1743</a>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1745"></a>l. 1745 appears dimly to fore-shadow the office of the evil archer Loki,
+who in the Scandinavian mythology shoots Balder with a mistletoe twig. The
+language closely resembles that of Psalm 64.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1748"></a>l. 1748. Kl. regards <b>wom = wô(u)m</b>; cf. <b>wôh-bogen</b>, <a href="#li2828">l. 2828</a>.
+See Gloss., p. 295, under <b>wam</b>. Contrast the construction of
+<b>bebeorgan</b> a few lines below (<a href="#li1759">l. 1759</a>), where the dat. and acc. are
+associated.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1748. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 167, for declension of <b>wôh</b>,
+<i>wrong</i> = gen. <b>wôs</b> or <b>wôges</b>, dat. <b>wô(u)m</b>, etc.;
+pl. gen. <b>wôra</b>, dat. <b>wô(u)m</b>, etc.; and cf. declension of
+<b>heáh, hreóh, rûh</b>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>l. 1748. <b>wergan gâstes</b>; cf. <cite>Blickl. Hom.</cite> vii.;
+<cite>Andreas</cite>, <a href="#li1171">l. 1171</a>. &quot;<i>Auld Wearie</i> is used in Scotland, or was
+used a few years ago, ... to mean the devil.&quot;&mdash;E. Bede's <cite>Eccles.
+Hist.</cite> contains (naturally) many examples of the expression = devil.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1750"></a>l. 1750. <b>on gyld</b> = <i>in reward</i> (B. <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 95); Ha.
+translates <i>boastfully</i>; G., <i>for boasting</i>; Gr., <i>to incite to
+boastfulness</i>. Cf. <cite>Christ</cite>, l. 818.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1767"></a>l. 1767. E. thinks this an allusion to the widespread superstition of the
+evil eye (<i>mal occhio, mauvais æil</i>). Cf. Vergil, <cite>Ecl.</cite> iii.
+103. He remarks that Pius IX., Gambetta, and President Carnot were charged
+by their enemies with possessing this weapon.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1784"></a>l. 1784. <b>wigge geweor&eth;ad</b> (MS. <b>wigge weor&eth;ad</b>) is C.'s
+conjecture; cf. <cite>Elene</cite>, l. 150. So G., <i>honored in war</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1785"></a>l. 1785. The future generally implied in the present of <b>beón</b> is
+plainly seen in this line; cf. <a href="#li1826">ll. 1826</a>, <a href="#li661">661</a>, <a href="#li1830">1830</a>, <a href="#li1763">1763</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1794"></a>l. 1794. Some impers. vbs. take acc. (as here, <b>Geat</b>) of the person
+affected; others (as <b>&thorn;yncan</b>) take the dat. of the person, as at ll.
+<a href="#li688">688</a>, <a href="#li1749">1749</a>, etc. Cf. verbs of dreaming, being ashamed, desiring,
+etc.&mdash;March, A.-S. Gram., p. 145.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1802"></a>l. 1802. E. remarks that the <b>blaca hrefn</b> here is a bird of good
+omen, as opposed to <b>se wonna hrefn</b> of <a href="#li3025">l. 3025</a>. The raven, wolf, and
+eagle are the regular epic accompaniments of battle and carnage. Cf. ll.
+<a href="#li3025">3025-3028</a>; <cite>Maldon</cite>, 106; <cite>Judith</cite>, 205-210, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1803"></a>l. 1803. S. emends to read: &quot;then came the light, going bright after
+darkness: the warriors,&quot; etc. Cf. Ho., p. 41, l. 23. G. puts period before
+&quot;the warriors.&quot; For <b>onettan</b>, cf. Sw.'s Gloss, and Bright's Read.,
+Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1808"></a>ll. 1808-1810. Müllenh. and Grundt. refer <b>se hearda</b> to Beowulf,
+correct <b>sunu</b> (MS.) to <b>suna Ecglâfes</b> (i.e. Unferth);
+[<i>he</i>] (Beo.) <i>thanked him</i> (Un.) <i>for the loan</i>. Cf. ll.
+<a href="#li344">344</a>, <a href="#li581">581</a>, <a href="#li1915">1915</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1823"></a>ll. 1823-1840. &quot;Beowulf departing pledges his services to Hro&eth;gar, to be
+what afterwards in the mature language of chivalry was called his 'true
+knight'&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1832"></a>l. 1832. Kl. corrects to <b>dryhtne</b>, in appos. with <b>Higelâce</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1835"></a>l. 1835 <b>gâr-holt</b> more properly means <i>spear-shaft</i>; cf.
+<b>äsc-holt</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1855"></a>l. 1855. <b>sêl</b> = <i>better</i> (Grundt.; B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 96),
+instead of MS. <b>wel</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1855"></a>ll. 1855-1866. &quot;An ideal picture of international amity according to the
+experience and doctrine of the eighth century.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1858"></a>l. 1858. S. and Kl. correct to <b>gemæne</b>, agreeing with
+<b>sib</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 140, 190.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1862"></a>l. 1862. &quot;The gannet is a great diver, plunging down into the sea from a
+considerable height, such as forty feet.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1863"></a>l. 1863. Kl. suggests <b>heafu</b>, = <i>seas</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1865"></a>l. 1865. B. proposes <b>ge&thorn;ôhte</b>, = <i>with firm thought</i>, for
+<b>geworhte</b>; cf. <a href="#li611">l. 611</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1876"></a>l. 1876. <b>geseón</b> = <i>see again</i> (Kl., <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 190). S.
+and B. insert <b>nâ</b> to modify <b>geseón</b> and explain Hrô&eth;gâr's
+tears. Ha. and G. follow Heyne's text. Cf. <a href="#li567">l. 567</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1881"></a>l. 1881. Is <b>beorn</b> here = <b>bearn</b> (<b>be-arn</b>?) of <a href="#li67">l. 67</a>? or
+more likely = <b>born</b>, <b>barn</b>, = <i>burned?</i>&mdash;S., Th.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1887"></a>l. 1887. <b>orleahtre</b> is a &#x1F03;&pi;&alpha;&xi; &lambda;&epsilon;&gamma;&#x1F79;&mu;&epsilon;&nu;&omicron;&nu;. E. compares
+Tennyson's &quot;blameless&quot; king. Cf. also <a href="#li2015">ll. 2015</a>, <a href="#li2145">2145</a>; and the <b>gôd
+cyning</b> of <a href="#li11">l. 11</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1896"></a>l. 1896. <b>sca&eth;an</b> = <i>warriors</i> (cf. <a href="#li1804">l. 1804</a>) has been proposed by
+C.; but cf. <a href="#li253">l. 253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1897"></a>l. 1897. The boat had been left, at <a href="#li294">ll. 294-302</a>, in the keeping of
+Hrô&eth;gâr's men; at <a href="#li1901">l. 1901</a> the <b>bât-weard</b> is specially honored by
+Beowulf with a sword and becomes a &quot;sworded squire.&quot;&mdash;E. This circumstance
+appears to weld the poem together. Cf. also the speed of the journey home
+with <b>ymb ân-tîd ô&thorn;res dôgores</b> of <a href="#li219">l. 219</a>, and the similarity of
+language in both passages (<b>fâmig-heals</b>, <b>clifu</b>, <b>nässas</b>,
+<b>sælde</b>, <b>brim</b>, etc.).&mdash;The nautical terms in Beowulf would form
+an interesting study.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1904"></a>l. 1904. R. proposes, <b>gewât him on naca</b>, = <i>the vessel set
+out</i>, <b>on</b> alliterating as at <a href="#li2524">l. 2524</a> (<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite>
+iii. 402). B. reads <b>on nacan</b>, but inserts irrelevant matter
+(<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 97).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1913"></a>l. 1913. Cf. the same use of <b>ceól</b>, = <i>ship</i>, in the <cite>A.-S.
+Chron.</cite>, ed. Earle-Plummer; <cite>Gnomic Verses</cite>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1914"></a>l. 1914. S. inserts <b>&thorn;ät hê</b> before <b>on lande</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1916"></a>l. 1916. B. makes <b>leófra manna</b> depend on <b>wlâtode</b>, = <i>looked
+for the dear men ready at the coast</i> (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 97).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1924"></a>l. 1924. Gr., W., and Ho. propose <b>wunade</b>, = <i>remained;</i> but cf.
+<a href="#li1929">l. 1929</a>. S. conceives <a href="#li1924">ll. 1924</a>, <a href="#li1925">1925</a> as &quot;direct speech&quot; (<cite>Beit.</cite> ix.
+141).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1927"></a>l. 1927 <i>seq.</i> &quot;The women of Beowulf are of the fine northern type;
+trusted and loved by their husbands and by the nobles and people; generous,
+gentle, and holding their place with dignity.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 67. Thrytho is the
+exception, <a href="#li1932">l. 1932</a> <i>seq.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note1933"></a>l. 1933. C. suggests <b>frêcnu</b>, = <i>dangerous, bold</i>, for Thrytho
+could not be called &quot;excellent.&quot; G. writes &quot;Modthrytho&quot; as her name. The
+womanly Hygd seems purposely here contrasted with the terrible Thrytho,
+just as, at <a href="#li902">l. 902</a> <i>seq.</i>, Sigemund and Heremôd are contrasted. For
+Thrytho, etc., cf. Gr., <cite>Jahrb. für rom. u. eng. Lit.</cite> iv. 279;
+Müllenhoff, <cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xiv. 216; Matthew Paris; Suchier,
+<cite>Beit.</cite> iv. 500-521; R. <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 402; B.,
+<cite>ibid.</cite> iv. 206; Körner, <cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> i. 489-492; H.-So., p. 106.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1932"></a>l. 1932-1963. K. first pointed out the connection between the historical
+Offa, King of Mercia, and his wife Cwendrida, and the Offa and &THORN;ry&eth;o (Gr.'s
+<i>Drida</i> of the <i>Vita Offæ Secundi</i>) of the present passage. The
+tale is told of her, not of Hygd.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1936"></a>l. 1936. Suchier proposes <b>andæges</b>, = <i>eye to eye</i>; Leo proposes
+<b>ândæges</b>, = <i>the whole day</i>; G., <i>by day</i>. No change is
+necessary if <b>an</b> be taken to govqern <b>hire</b>, = <i>on her</i>, and
+<b>däges</b> be explained (like <b>nihtes</b>, etc.) as a genitive of time,
+= <i>by day</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1943"></a>l. 1943. R. and Suchier propose <b>onsêce</b>, = <i>seek, require</i>; but cf. 2955.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1966"></a>l. 1966. Cf. the <i>heofoncandel</i> of <cite>Exod.</cite> l. 115 (Hunt). Shak.'s 'night's
+candles.'</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1969"></a>l. 1969. Cf. <a href="#li2487">l. 2487</a> <i>seq.</i> for the actual slayer of Ongen&thorn;eów, i.e. Eofor,
+to whom Hygelâc gave his only daughter as a reward, <a href="#li2998">l. 2998</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1981"></a>l. 1981. <b>meodu-scencum</b> = <i>with mead-pourers</i> or <i>mead-cups</i> (G.,
+Ha.); <i>draught or cup of mead</i> (Toller-Bosw.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1982"></a>l. 1982. K., Th., W., H. supply <b>[heal-]reced</b>; Holler [heá-].</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1984"></a>l. 1984. B. defends the MS., reading <b>hæ nû</b> (for <b>hæ&eth;nû</b>), which he
+regards as = Heinir, the inhabitants of the Jutish &quot;heaths&quot; (<b>hæ&eth;</b>). Cf.
+H.-So., p. 107; <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 9.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1985"></a>l. 1985. <b>sînne</b>. &quot;In poetry there is a reflexive possessive of the third
+person, <b>sîn</b> (declined like <b>mîn</b>). It is used not only as a true reflexive,
+but also as a non-reflexive (= Lat. <i>ejus</i>)&quot;&mdash;Sw.; Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 185. Cf. <a href="#li1508">ll. 1508</a>, <a href="#li1961">1961</a>, <a href="#li2284">2284</a>, <a href="#li2790">2790</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note1994"></a>l. 1994. Cf. <a href="#li190">l. 190</a> for a similar use of <b>seá&eth;</b>; cf. to &quot;glow&quot; with emotion,
+&quot;boil&quot; with indignation, &quot;burn&quot; with anger, etc. <b>weallan</b> is often
+so used; cf. <a href="#li2332">ll. 2332</a>, <a href="#li2066">2066</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2010"></a>l. 2010. B. proposes <b>fâcne</b>, = <i>in treachery</i>, for <b>fenne</b>. Cf. <cite>Juliana</cite>,
+l. 350; <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 97.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2022"></a>l. 2022. Food of specific sorts is rarely, if at all, mentioned in the poem.
+Drink, on the other hand, occurs in its primitive varieties,&mdash;<i>ale</i> (as
+here: <b>ealu-wæg</b>), <i>mead, beer, wine, lî&eth;</i> (cider? Goth. <i>lei&thorn;us</i>, Prov. Ger.
+<i>leit-</i> in <i>leit-haus</i>, ale-house), etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2025"></a>l. 2025. Kl. proposes <b>is</b> for <b>wäs</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2027"></a>l. 2027. Cf. <a href="#li1599">l. 1599</a> for a similar use of <b>weor&eth;an</b>, = <i>agree, be pleased
+with</i> (Ha.); <i>appear</i> (Sw., Reader, 6th ed.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2030"></a>ll. 2030, 2031. Ten Br. proposes: <b>oft seldan</b> ( = <i>gave</i>) <b>wære äfter
+leód-hryre: lytle hwîle bongâr bûge&eth;, &thorn;eáh seó brýd duge</b> =
+<i>oft has a treaty been given after the fall of a prince: but little while the
+murder-spear resteth, however excellent the bride be.</i> Cf. Kl., <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 190;
+B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 369; R., <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> in. 404; Ha., p. 69; G., p. 62.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2036"></a>l. 2036. Cf. Kl, <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 191; R., <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 404.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2042"></a>l. 2042. For <b>beáh</b> B. reads <b>bâ</b>, = <i>both</i>, i.e. Freaware and the Dane.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2063"></a>l. 2063. Thorkelin and Conybeare propose <b>wîgende</b>, = <i>fighting</i>, for
+<b>lifigende</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2068"></a>l. 2068. W.'s edition begins section xxx. (not marked in the MS.) with
+this line. Section xxxix. (xxxviii. in copies A and B, xxxix. in Thorkelin)
+is not so designated in the MS., though <b>&thorn;â</b> (at <a href="#li2822">l. 2822</a>) is written with
+capitals and xl. begins at <a href="#li2893">l. 2893</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2095"></a>l. 2095. Cf. <a href="#li1542">l. 1542</a>, and note.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2115"></a>l. 2115 <i>seq.</i> B. restores thus:</p>
+<div class="line">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&THORN;ær on innan gióng</div>
+<div class="line">ni&eth;&eth;a nâthwylc,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;neóde tô gefêng</div>
+<div class="line">hæ&eth;num horde;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hond ätgenam</div>
+<div class="line">seleful since fâh;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;nê hê &thorn;ät sy&eth;&eth;an âgeaf,</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;eáh &thorn;e hê slæpende&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;besyrede hyrde</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;eófes cräfte:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &thorn;ät se &thorn;ióden onfand,</div>
+<div class="line">bý-folc beorna,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &thorn;ät hê gebolgen wäs.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 99; <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 210.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note2128"></a>l. 2128. <b>ätbär</b> here = <i>bear away</i>, not given in the Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2129"></a>l. 2129. B. proposes <b>færunga</b>, = <i>suddenly</i>, for Gr.'s reading in the
+text.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 98.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2132"></a>l. 2132. MS. has <b>&thorn;ine life</b>, which Leo translates <i>by thy leave</i> (= ON.
+<i>leyfi</i>); B., <i>by thy life</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 369.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2150"></a>l. 2150. B. renders <b>gen</b>, etc., by &quot;now I serve thee alone again as my
+gracious king&quot; (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 99).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2151"></a>l. 2151. The forms <b>hafu [hafo], hafast, hafa&eth;</b>, are poetic archaisms.&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2153"></a>l. 2153. Kl. proposes <b>ealdor</b>, = <i>prince</i>, for <b>eafor</b>. W. proposes the
+compd. <b>eafor-heáfodsegn</b>, = <i>helm</i>; cf. <a href="#li1245">l. 1245</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2157"></a>l. 2157. The wk. form of the adj. is frequent in the vocative, especially
+when postponed: &quot;Beowulf <b>leófa</b>,&quot; <a href="#li1759">l. 1759</a>. So, often, in poetry in nom.:
+<b>wudu selesta</b>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2158"></a>l. 2158. <b>ærest</b> is possibly the verbal subs. from <b>ârîsan</b>, <i>to arise, =
+arising, origin</i>. R. suggested <b>ærist</b>, <i>arising, origin</i>. Cf. Bede, <cite>Eccles.
+Hist.</cite>, ed. Miller, where the word is spelt as above, but = (as usual) <i>resurrection</i>.
+See Sweet, Reader, p. 211; E.-Plummer's <cite>Chronicle</cite>, p. 302,
+etc. The MS. has <b>est</b>. See Ha., p. 73; S., <cite>Beit.</cite> x. 222; and cf. <a href="#li2166">l. 2166</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2188"></a>l. 2188. Gr., W., H. supply <b>[wên]don</b>, = <i>weened</i>, instead of Th.'s
+<b>[oft säg]don</b>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2188. The &quot;slack&quot; Beowulf, like the sluggish Brutus, ultimately
+reveals his true character, and is presented with a historic sword of honor.
+It is &quot;laid on his breast&quot; (<a href="#li2195">l. 2195</a>) as Hun laid Lâfing on Hengest's
+breast, <a href="#li1145">l. 1145</a>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2188. &quot;The boy was at first slothful, and the Geats thought him an
+unwarlike prince, and long despised him. Then, like many a lazy third
+son in the folk tales, a change came, he suddenly showed wonderful daring
+and was passionate for adventure.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 22.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2196"></a>l. 2196. &quot;Seven of thousands, manor and lordship&quot; (Ha.). Kl., <cite>Beit.</cite>
+ix. 191, thinks with Ettm. that <b>&thorn;ûsendo</b> means a hide of land (see
+Schmid, <cite>Ges. der Angl</cite>, 610), Bede's <b>familia</b> = 1/2 sq. meter; <b>seofan</b>
+being used (like <b>hund</b>, <a href="#li2995">l. 2995</a>) only for the alliteration.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2196. &quot;A vast Honour of 7000 hides, a mansion, and a judgment-seat&quot;
+[throne].&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2210"></a>l. 2210. MS. has the more correct <b>wintra</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2211"></a>l. 2211. Cf. similar language about the dragon at <a href="#li100">l. 100</a>. Beowulf's
+&quot;jubilee&quot; is fitly solemnized by his third and last dragon-fight.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2213"></a>l. 2213. B. proposes <b>sê &thorn;e on hearge hæ&eth;en hord beweotode</b>;
+cf. Ha., p. 75.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2215"></a>l. 2215. &quot;The dragon lies round the treasures in a cave, as Fafnir, like
+a Python, lay coiled over his hoard. So constant was this habit among
+the dragons that gold is called Worms' bed, Fafnir's couch, Worms' bed-fire.
+Even in India, the cobras ... are guardians of treasure.&quot;&mdash;Br.,
+p. 50.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2216"></a>l. 2216. <b>neóde</b>. E. translates <i>deftly</i>; Ha., <i>with ardor</i>. H.-So. reads
+<b>neóde</b>, = <i>with desire, greedily</i>, instr. of <b>neód</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2223"></a>l. 2223. E. begins his &quot;Part Third&quot; at this point as he begins &quot;Part
+Second&quot; at <a href="#li1252">l. 1252</a>, each dragon-fight forming part of a trilogy.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2224"></a>ll. 2224, 2225. B. proposes: <b>nealles mid gewealdum wyrmes
+weard gäst sylfes willum.</b>&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 211; <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 100.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2225"></a>l. 2225. For <b>&thorn;eów</b> read <b>&thorn;egn</b>.&mdash;K. and Z.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2225. <b>&thorn;eów</b>, st. m., <i>slave, serf</i> (not in H.-So.).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2227"></a>l. 2227. For <b>ofer-&thorn;earfe</b> read <b>ærnes &thorn;earfa</b>.&mdash;Z.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2229"></a>ll. 2229-2231. B. proposes:</p>
+<div class="line">secg synbysig&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sôna onwlâtode,</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;eáh &thorn;âm gyste&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gryrebrôga stôd,</div>
+<div class="line">hwä&eth;re earmsceapen&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;innganges &thorn;earfa</div>
+<div class="line">. . . . . . . . . .</div>
+<div class="line">feásceapen,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;â hyne se fær begeat.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 101. Cf. Ha., p. 69.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note2232"></a>l. 2232. W. suggests <b>seah</b> or <b>seîr</b> for <b>geseah</b>, and Gr. suggests
+<b>searolîc</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2233"></a>l. 2233. Z. surmises <b>eor&eth;-hûse</b> (for <b>-scräfe</b>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2241"></a>l. 2241. B. proposes <b>læn-gestreóna</b>, = <i>transitory</i>, etc.; Th., R. propose
+<b>leng</b> (= <i>longer</i>) <b>gestreóna</b>; S. accepts the text but translates &quot;the
+long accumulating treasure.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2246"></a>l. 2246. B. proposed (1) <b>hard-fyndne</b>, = <i>hard to find</i>; (2) <b>hord-wynne
+dæl</b>,&mdash;<i>a deal of treasure-joy</i> (cf. <a href="#li2271">l. 2271</a>).&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite>
+iv. 211; <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 102.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2247"></a>l. 2247. <b>fecword</b> = <i>banning words</i> (?) MS. has <b>fec</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2254"></a>l. 2254. Others read <b>feor-[mie]</b>, = <i>furbish</i>, for <b>fetige</b>: <i>I own not one
+who may</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2261"></a>l. 2261. The Danes themselves were sometimes called the &quot;Ring-Danes,&quot;
+= clad in ringed (or a ring of) armor, or possessing rings. Cf.
+<a href="#li116">ll. 116</a>, <a href="#li1280">1280</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2264"></a>l. 2264. Note the early reference to hawking. Minstrelsy (<b>hearpan
+wyn</b>), saga-telling, racing, swimming, harpooning of sea-animals, feasting,
+and the bestowal of jewels, swords, and rings, are the other amusements
+most frequent in <cite>Beówulf</cite>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2264. Cf. <cite>Maldon</cite>, ll. 8, 9, for a reference to hawking.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2276"></a>l. 2276. Z. suggests <b>swý&eth;e ondræda&eth;</b>; Ho. puts <b>gesêcean</b> for Gr.'s
+<b>gewunian</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2277"></a>l. 2277. Z. and K. read: <b>hord on hrûsan</b>. &quot;Three hundred winters,&quot;
+at <a href="#li2279">l. 2279</a>, is probably conventional for &quot;a long time,&quot; like <b>hund
+missera, </b> <a href="#li1499">l. 1499</a>; <b>hund &thorn;ûsenda</b>, <a href="#li2995">l. 2995</a>; <b>&thorn;ritig</b> (of Beowulf's
+strength), <a href="#li379">l. 379</a>; <b>&thorn;ritig</b> (of the men slain by Grendel), <a href="#li123">l. 123</a>; <b>seofan
+&thorn;ûsendo</b>, <a href="#li2196">l. 2196</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2285"></a>l. 2285. B. objects to <b>hord</b> as repeated in <a href="#li2284">ll. 2284</a>, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>; but cf. Ha.,
+p. 77. C. prefers <b>sum</b> to <b>hord</b>. <b>onboren</b> = <i>inminutus</i>; cf. B., <cite>Beit.</cite>
+xii. 102.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2285. <b>onberan</b> is found also at line 991, = <i>carry off</i>, with <b>on-</b> = E.
+<i>un&mdash;(un-bind, -loose, -tie</i>, etc.), G. <i>ent-</i>. The negro still pronounces
+<i>on-do</i>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2299"></a>l. 2299. Cf. H.-So., p. 112, for a defense of the text as it stands. B.
+proposes &quot;nor was there any man in that desert who rejoiced in conflict,&quot;
+etc. So ten Br.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2326"></a>l. 2326. B. and ten Br,. propose <b>hâm</b>, = <i>home</i>, for him.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 103.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2335"></a>l. 2335. E. translates <b>eálond utan</b> by <i>the sea-board front, the water-washed
+land on the (its) outside</i>. See B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 1, 5.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2346"></a>l. 2346. Cf. <a href="#li425">l. 425</a>, where Beowulf resolves to fight the dragon single-handed.
+E. compares <cite>Guy of Warwick</cite>, ll. 49, 376.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2355"></a>l. 2355. Ten Br. proposes <b>la&eth;an cynne</b> as apposition to <b>mægum</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2360"></a>l. 2360. Cf. Beowulf's other swimming-feat with Breca, <a href="#li506">ll. 506</a> <i>seq.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note2362"></a>l. 2362. Gr. inserts <b>âna</b>, = <i>lone-going</i>, before xxx.: approved by B.;
+and Krüger, <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 575. Cf. <a href="#li379">l. 379</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2362"></a>l. 2362. &quot;Beowulf has the strength of thirty men in the original tale.
+Here, then, the new inventor makes him carry off thirty coats of mail.&quot;&mdash;Br.,
+p. 48.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2364"></a>l. 2364. <b>Hetware</b> = Chattuarii, a nation allied against Hygelâc in his
+Frisian expedition; cf. <a href="#li1208">ll. 1208</a> <i>seq.</i>, 2917, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2368"></a>l. 2368. B. proposes <i>quiet sea</i> as trans, of <b>sióle&eth;a bigong</b>, and compares
+Goth. <i>anasilan</i>, to be still; Swed. dial, <i>sil</i>, still water between
+waterfalls.&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 214.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2380"></a>l. 2380. <b>hyne</b>&mdash;Heardrêd; so <b>him</b>, <a href="#li2358">l. 2358</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2384"></a>l. 2384. E. calls attention to <b>Swió-rîce</b> as identical with the modern
+<i>Sverige</i> = Sweden; cf. <a href="#li2496">l. 2496</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2386"></a>l. 2386. Gr. reads <b>on feorme</b>, = <i>at the banquet</i>; cf. Möller, <cite>Alteng.
+Volksepos</cite>, 111, who reads <b>(f)or feorme</b>. The MS. has <b>or</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2391"></a>l. 2391. Cf. <a href="#li11">l. 11</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2394"></a>l. 2394. B., Gr., and Mûllenh. understand <a href="#li2393">ll. 2393-2397</a> to mean that
+Eádgils, Ôhthere's son, driven from Sweden, returns later, supported by
+Beowulf, takes the life of his uncle Onela, and probably becomes himself
+O.'s successor and king of Sweden. For another view see H.-So., p. 115.
+MS. has <b>freond</b> (<a href="#li2394">l. 2394</a>), which Leo, etc., change to <b>feónd</b>. G. translates
+<i>friend</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 13; <cite>Anzeiger f. d. Altert.</cite> iii. 177.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2395"></a>l. 2395. Eádgils is Ôhthere's son; cf. <a href="#li2381">l. 2381</a>; Onela is Ôhthere's
+brother; cf. <a href="#li2933">ll. 2933</a>, <a href="#li2617">2617</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2402"></a>l. 2402. &quot;Twelfsome&quot;; cf. &quot;fifteensome&quot; at <a href="#li207">l. 207</a>, etc. As <cite>Beówulf</cite>
+is essentially <i>the</i> Epic of Philanthropy, of the true love of man, as distinguished
+from the ordinary love-epic, the number twelve in this passage
+may be reminiscent of another Friend of Man and another Twelve. In
+each case all but one desert the hero.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2437"></a>l. 2437. R. proposes <b>stýred</b>, = <i>ordered, decreed</i>, for <b>strêd</b>.&mdash;<cite>Zachers
+Zeitschr.</cite> iii. 409.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2439"></a>l. 2439. B. corrects to <b>freó-wine</b> = <i>noble friend</i>, asking, &quot;How can
+Herebeald be called Hæ&eth;cyn's <b>freá-wine</b> [MS.], <i>lord?</i>&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2442"></a>l. 2442. <b>feohleás gefeoht</b>, &quot;a homicide which cannot be atoned for
+by money&mdash;in this case an unintentional fratricide.&quot;&mdash;Sw.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2445"></a>l. 2445. See Ha., pp. 82, 83, for a discussion of <a href="#li2445">ll. 2445-2463</a>. Cf. G.,
+p. 75.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2447"></a>l. 2447. MS. reads <b>wrece</b>, justified by B. (<cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 56). W. conceives
+<b>wrece</b> as optative or hortative, and places a colon before <b>&thorn;onne</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2449"></a>l. 2449. For <b>helpan</b> read <b>helpe</b>.&mdash;K., Th., S. (<cite>Zeitschr. f. D. Phil.</cite>
+xxi. 3, 357).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2454"></a>ll. 2454-2455. (1) Müllenh. (<cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xiv. 232) proposes:</p>
+<div class="line">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne se ân hafa&eth;</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;urh dæda nýd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth;es gefandod.</div>
+<p>(2) B. proposes:</p>
+<div class="line">&thorn;urh dæda nî&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;deá&eth;es gefondad.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 215.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note2458"></a>l. 2458. Cf. <b>sceótend</b>, pl., <a href="#li704">ll. 704</a>, <a href="#li1155">1155</a>, like <b>rîdend</b>. Cf. <cite>Judith</cite>, l. 305, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2474"></a>l. 2474. Th. considers the &quot;wide water&quot; here as the Mälar lake, the
+boundary between Swedes and Goths.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2477"></a>l. 2477. On <b>o&thorn;&thorn;e</b> = <i>and</i>, cf. B., <cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 57. See Ha., p. 83.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2489"></a>l. 2489. B. proposes <b>hreá-blâc</b> for Gr.'s <b>heoro-</b>.&mdash;<cite>Tikskr.</cite> viii. 297.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2494"></a>l. 2494. S. suggests <b>ê&eth;el-wynne</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2502"></a>l. 2502. E. translates <b>for duge&eth;um</b>, <i>of my prowess</i>; so Ettmüller.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2520"></a>ll. 2520-2522. Gr. and S. translate, &quot;if I knew how else I might combat
+the monster's boastfulness.&quot;&mdash;Ha., p. 85.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2524"></a>l. 2524. <b>and-hâttres</b> is H.'s invention. Gr. reads <b>ore&eth;es and âttres</b>,
+<i>blast and venom</i>. Cf. <b>oru&eth;</b>, <a href="#li2558">l. 2558</a>, and <a href="#li2840">l. 2840</a> (where <b>âttor-</b> also
+occurs).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2526"></a>l. 2526. E. quotes <b>fleón fôtes trym</b> from <cite>Maldon</cite>, l. 247.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2546"></a>l. 2546. Gr., H.-So., and Ho. read <b>standan stân-bogan</b> (for <b>stôd on
+stân-bogan</b>) depending on <b>geseah</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2550"></a>l. 2550. Grundt. and B. propose <b>deór</b>, <i>brave one</i>, i.e. Beowulf, for <b>deóp</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2565"></a>L. 2565. MS. has <b>ungleaw</b> (K., Th.), <b>unglaw</b> (Grundt.). B. proposes
+<b>unslâw</b>, = <i>sharp</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 104. So H.-So., Ha., p. 86.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2570"></a>ll. 2570, 2571. (1) May not <b>gescîfe</b> (MS. <b>to gscipe</b>) = German <i>schief</i>,
+&quot;crooked,&quot; &quot;bent,&quot; &quot;aslant,&quot; and hence be a parallel to <b>gebogen</b>, <i>bent,
+coiled?</i> cf. <a href="#li2568">l. 2568</a>, &thorn;â se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne, and <a href="#li2828">l. 2828</a>.
+Coiled serpents spring more powerfully for the coiling. (2) Or perhaps
+destroy comma after <b>tô</b> and read <b>gescäpe</b>, = <i>his fate</i>; cf. <a href="#li26">l. 26</a>: <b>him &thorn;â
+Scyld gewât tô gescäp-hwîle</b>. G. appar. adopts this reading, p. 78.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2589"></a>l. 2589. <b>grund-wong</b> = <i>the field</i>, not <i>the earth</i> (so B.); H.-So., <i>cave</i>,
+as at <a href="#li2771">l. 2771</a>. So Ha., p. 87.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2595"></a>l. 2595. S. proposes colon after <b>stefne</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 141.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2604"></a>l. 2604. Müllenh. explains <b>leód Scylfinga</b> in <cite>Anzeiger f. d. Altert.</cite>
+iii. 176-178.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2607"></a>l. 2607. <b>âre</b> = <i>possessions, holding</i> (Kl., <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 192; Ha., p. 88).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2609"></a>l. 2609. <b>folcrihta</b>. Add &quot;folk-right&quot; to the meanings in the Gloss.;
+and cf. <b>ê&eth;el-, land-riht, word-riht.</b></p>
+
+<p><a name="note2614"></a>l. 2614. H.-So. reads with Gr. <b>wræccan wineleásum Weohstân
+bana</b>, = <i>whom, a friendless exile, W. had slain</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2635"></a>ll. 2635-61. E. quotes Tacitus, <cite>Germania</cite>, xiv.: &quot;turpe comitatui virtutem
+principis non adaequare.&quot; Beowulf had been deserted by his
+<i>comitatus</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2643"></a>l. 2643. B. proposes <b>ûser</b>.&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 216.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2649"></a>l. 2649. <b>wutun</b>; <a href="#li3102">l. 3102</a>, <b>uton</b> = pres. subj. pl. 1st person of <b>wîtan</b>,
+<i>to go</i>, used like Mod. Eng. <i>let us</i> + inf., Lat. <i>eamus</i>, Ital. <i>andiamo</i>, Fr.
+<i>allons</i>; M. E. (<cite>Layamon</cite>) <i>uten</i>. Cf. Psa. ii. 3, etc. March, <cite>A.-S. Gram.</cite>,
+pp. 104, 196.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2650"></a>l. 2650. B. suggests <b>hât</b> for <b>hyt</b>,.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 105.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2656"></a>l. 2656. <b>fâne</b> = fâh-ne; cf. <b>fâra</b> = <b>fâh-ra</b>, <a href="#li578">l. 578</a>; so <b>heánne</b> (MS.)
+= <b>heáh-ne</b>, etc., <a href="#li984">l. 984</a>. See Cook's Sievers' Gram.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2660"></a>ll. 2660, 2661. Why not read <b>beadu-scrûd</b>, as at <a href="#li453">l. 453</a>, = <i>battle-shirt?</i>
+B. and R. suppose two half-verses omitted between <b>byrdu-scrûd</b> and
+<b>bâm gemæne</b>. B. reads <b>býwdu</b>, = <i>handsome</i>, etc. Gr. suggests <b>unc
+nû</b>, = <i>to us two now</i>, for <b>ûrum</b>; and K. and Grundt. read <b>beón gemæne</b>
+for <b>bâm</b>, etc. This makes sense. Cf. Ha., p. 89.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2666"></a>l. 2666. Cf. the dat. absolute without preposition.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2681"></a>l. 2681. <b>Nägling</b>; cf. <b>Hrunting, Lâfing</b>, and other famous <b>wundor-smi&eth;a
+geweorc</b> of the poem.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2687"></a>l. 2687. B. changes <b>&thorn;onne</b> into <b>&thorn;one</b> (rel. pro.) = <i>which</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 105.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2688"></a>l. 2688. B. supports the MS. reading, <b>wundum</b>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2688. Cf. <a href="#li2278">l. 2278</a> for similar language.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2698"></a>l. 2698. B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 105) renders: &quot;he did not heed the head of the
+dragon (which Beowulf with his sword had struck without effect), but he
+struck the dragon somewhat further down.&quot; Cf. Saxo, vi. p. 272.</p>
+
+<p>l. 2698. Cf. the language used at <a href="#li446">ll. 446</a> and <a href="#li1373">1373</a>, where <b>hafelan</b> also
+occurs; and <b>hýdan</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2700"></a>l. 2700. <b>hwêne</b>; cf. Lowl. Sc. <i>wheen</i>, a number; Chaucer's <i>woon</i>,
+number.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2702"></a>l. 2702. S. proposes <b>&thorn;â</b> (for <b>&thorn;ät</b>) <b>&thorn;ät fýr</b>, etc., = <i>when the fire began</i>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2704"></a>l. 2704. &quot;The (<b>hup</b>)<b>-seax</b> has often been found in Saxon graves on
+the hip of the skeleton.&quot;&mdash;E.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2707"></a>l. 2707. Kl. proposes: <b>feorh ealne wräc</b>, = <i>drove out all the life</i>; cf.
+<cite>Gen.</cite> l. 1385.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 192. S. suggests <b>gefylde</b>,&mdash;<i>he felled the foe</i>, etc.&mdash;<cite>Ibid.</cite>
+Parentheses seem unnecessary.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2727"></a>l. 2727. <b>däg-hwîl</b> = <i>time allotted, lifetime</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2745"></a>l. 2745, 2745. Ho. removes <b>geong</b> from the beginning of <a href="#li2745">l. 2745</a> and
+places it at the end of <a href="#li2744">l. 2744</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2750"></a>l. 2750. R. proposes <b>sigle searogimmas</b>, as at <a href="#li1158">l. 1158</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2767"></a>l. 2767. (1) B. proposes doubtfully <b>oferhîgean</b> or <b>oferhîgan</b>, =
+Goth, <i>ufarhauhjan</i>, p. p. <i>ufarhauhids</i> (Gr. &tau;&upsilon;&phi;&omega;&theta;&epsilon;&#x3AF;&sigmaf;) = <i>exceed in value</i>.&mdash;<cite>Tidskr.</cite>
+viii. 60. (2) Kl. proposes <b>oferhýdian</b>, = <i>to make arrogant,
+infatuate</i>; cf. <b>oferhýd</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 192.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2770"></a>l. 2770. <b>gelocen leo&eth;ocräftum</b> = (1) <i>spell-bound</i> (Th., Arnold, E.);
+(2) <i>wrought with hand-craft</i> (G.); (3) <i>meshed, linked together</i> (H., Ho.);
+cf. <cite>Elene</cite>, ll. 1251, 522.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2778"></a>l. 2778. B. considers <b>bill ... ealdhlâfordes</b> as Beowulf's short
+sword, with which he killed the dragon, <a href="#li2704">l. 2704</a> (<cite>Tidskr.</cite> viii. 299). R.
+proposes <b>ealdhlâforde</b>. Müllenh. understands <b>ealdhlâford</b> to mean
+the former possessor of the hoard. W. agrees to this, but conceives
+<b>ærgescôd</b> as a compd. = <b>ære calceatus</b>, <i>sheathed in brass</i>. Ha. translates
+<b>ærgescôd</b> as vb. and adv.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2791"></a>l. 2791. Cf. <a href="#li224">l. 224</a>, <b>eoletes ät ende; landes ät ende</b>, <cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2792"></a>l. 2792. MS. reads <b>wäteres weorpan</b>, which R. would change to
+<b>wätere sweorfan</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2806"></a>l. 2806. &quot;Men saw from its height the whales tumbling in the waves,
+and called it Whale's Ness (<b>Hrones-næs</b>).&quot;&mdash;Br. p. 28. Cf. <a href="#li3137">l. 3137</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2815"></a>l. 2815. Wîglâf was the next of kin, the last of the race, and hence the
+recipient of Beowulf's kingly insignia. There is a possible play on the
+word <b>lâf</b> (Wîg-<i>lâf</i>, ende-<i>lâf</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2818"></a>l. 2818. <b>gingeste word</b>; cf. <i>novissima verba</i>, and Ger. <i>jüngst</i>, lately.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2837"></a>l. 2837. E. translates <b>on lande</b>, <i>in the world</i>, comparing <i>on lîfe, on
+worulde</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2840"></a>l. 2840. <b>geræsde</b> = pret. of <b>geræsan</b> (omitted from the Gloss.), same
+as <b>ræsan</b>; cf. <a href="#li2691">l. 2691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2859"></a>l. 2859. B. proposes <b>deá&eth; ârædan</b>, = <i>determine death</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii.
+106.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2861"></a>l. 2861. Change <b>geongum</b> to <b>geongan</b> as a scribal error (?), but cf.
+Lichtenheld, <cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xvi. 353-355.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2871"></a>l. 2871. S. and W. propose <b>ôwêr</b>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 142.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2873"></a>l. 2873. S. punctuates: <b>wrâ&eth;e forwurpe, &thorn;â</b>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2874"></a>l. 2874. H.-So. begins a new sentence with <b>nealles</b>, ending the preceding
+one with <b>beget</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2879"></a>l. 2879. <b>ätgifan</b> = <i>to render, to afford</i>; omitted in Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2885"></a>ll. 2885-2892. &quot;This passage ... equals the passage in Tacitus which
+describes the tie of chief to companion and companion to chief among the
+Germans, and which recounts the shame that fell on those who survived
+their lord.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 56.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2886"></a>l. 2886. <b>cyn</b> thus has the meaning of <i>gens</i> or clan, just as in many
+Oriental towns all are of one blood. E. compares Tacitus, <cite>Germania</cite>,
+7; and cf. &quot;kith and kin.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2892"></a>l. 2892. Death is preferable to dishonor. Cf. Kemble, <cite>Saxons</cite>, i. 235.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2901"></a>l. 2901. The &#x1F04;&gamma;&gamma;&epsilon;&lambda;&omicron;&sigmaf; begins his &#x1F00;&gamma;&gamma;&epsilon;&lambda;&#x3AF;&alpha; here.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2910"></a>l. 2910. S. proposes <b>higemê&eth;e</b>, <i>sad of soul;</i> cf. <a href="#li2853">ll. 2853</a> and <a href="#li2864">2864</a>
+(<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 142). B. considers <b>higemê&eth;um</b> a dat. or instr. pl. of an abstract
+in <b>-u</b> (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 106). H. makes it a dat. pl. = <i>for the dead</i>. For
+<b>heafod-wearde</b>, etc., cf. note on <a href="#li446">l. 446</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2920"></a>l. 2920-2921. B. explains &quot;he could not this time, as usual, give jewels
+to his followers.&quot;&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 106.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2922"></a>l. 2922. The Merovingian or Frankish race.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2940"></a>l. 2940 <i>seq.</i> B. conjectures:</p>
+<div class="line">cwä&eth; hîe on mergenne&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;mêces ecgum</div>
+<div class="line">gêtan wolde,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sumon galgtreowu</div>
+<div class="line">âheáwan on holte&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond hîe âhôan on &thorn;â</div>
+<div class="line">fuglum tô gamene.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 107, 372.</div>
+<p>Cf. S., <cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 143. <b>gêtan</b> = <i>cause blood to be shed.</i></p>
+
+<p><a name="note2950"></a>l. 2950. B. proposes <b>gomela</b> for <b>gôda</b>; &quot;a surprising epithet for a
+Geat to apply to the 'terrible' Ongentheow.&quot;&mdash;Ha. p. 99. But &quot;good&quot;
+does not necessarily mean &quot;morally excellent,&quot; as a &quot;good&quot; hater, a
+&quot;good&quot; fighter.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2959"></a>l. 2959. See H.-So. for an explanatory quotation from Paulus Diaconus,
+etc. B., K., and Th. read <b>segn Higelâces</b>, = H.'s banner uplifted
+began to pursue the Swede-men.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 108. S. suggests <b>sæce</b>, =
+<i>pursuit</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2977"></a>l. 2977. <b>gewyrpton</b>: this vb. is also used reflexively in <cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt),
+l. 130: <b>wyrpton hie wêrige</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2989"></a>l. 2989. <b>bär</b> is Grundt.'s reading, after the MS. &quot;The surviving victor
+is the heir of the slaughtered foe.&quot;&mdash;H.-So. Cf. <cite>Hildebrands Lied</cite>,
+ll. 61, 62.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2995"></a>l. 2995. &quot;A hundred of thousands in land and rings&quot; (Ha., p. 100).
+Cf. <a href="#li2196">ll. 2196</a>, <a href="#li3051">3051</a>. Cf. B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 20, who quotes Saxo's <i>bis senas
+gentes</i> and remarks: &quot;Hrolf Kraki, who rewards his follower, for the
+slaying of the foreign king, with jewels, rich lands, and his only daughter's
+hand, answers to the Jutish king Hygelâc, who rewards his liegeman, for
+the slaying of Ongentheów, with jewels, enormous estates, and <i>his</i> only
+daughter's hand.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3006"></a>l. 3006. H.-So. suggests <b>Scilfingas</b> for <b>Scyldingas</b>, because, at <a href="#li2397">l. 2397</a>,
+Beowulf kills the Scylfing Eádgils and probably acquires his lands. Thus
+<a href="#li3002">ll. 3002</a>, <a href="#li3005">3005</a>, <a href="#li3006">3006</a>, would indicate that, after Beowulf's death, the Swedes
+desired to shake off his hated yoke. Müllenh., however, regards <a href="#li3006">l. 3006</a>
+as a thoughtless repetition of <a href="#li2053">l. 2053</a>.&mdash;<cite>Haupts Zeitschr.</cite> xiv. 239.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3008"></a>l. 3008. Cf. the same proverb at <a href="#li256">l. 256</a>; and <cite>Exod.</cite> (Hunt.) l. 293.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3022"></a>l. 3022. E. quotes:</p>
+<div class="line">&quot;Thai token an harp <i>gle and game</i></div>
+<div class="line">And maked a lai and yaf it name.&quot;</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Weber</cite>, l. 358.</div>
+
+<p>and from Percy, &quot;The word <i>glee</i>, which peculiarly denoted their art (the
+minstrels'), continues still in our own language ... it is to this day used
+in a musical sense, and applied to a peculiar piece of composition.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3025"></a>l. 3025. &quot;This is a finer use than usual of the common poetic attendants
+of a battle, the wolf, the eagle, and the raven. The three are here like
+three Valkyrie, talking of all that they have done.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 57.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3033"></a>l. 3033. Cf. Hunt's <cite>Dan.</cite> l. 731, for similar language.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3039"></a>l. 3039. B. supplies a supposed gap here:</p>
+<div class="line">[banan eác fundon&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bennum seócne</div>
+<div class="line">(nê) ær hî &thorn;æm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;gesêgan syllîcran wiht]</div>
+<div class="line">wyrm on wonge...</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 372.</div>
+
+<p>Cf. Ha., p. 102. W. and Ho. insert [<b>&thorn;ær</b>] before <b>gesêgan</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3042"></a>l. 3042. Cf. <a href="#li2561">l. 2561</a>, where <b>gryre-giest</b> occurs as an epithet of the
+dragon. B. proposes <b>gry</b>[<b>re-fâh</b>].</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3044"></a>l. 3044. <b>lyft-wynne</b>, <i>in the pride of the air</i>, E.; <i>to rejoice in the air</i>,
+Ha.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3057"></a>l. 3057. (1) He (God) is men's hope; (2) he is the heroes' hope;
+(3) <b>gehyld</b> = the secret place of enchanters; cf. <b>hêlsmanna gehyld</b>,
+Gr.'s reading, after A.-S. <b>hælsere</b>, haruspex, augur.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3060"></a>l. 3060. B. suggests <b>gehý&eth;de</b>, = <i>plundered</i> (i.e. by the thief), for
+<b>gehýdde</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3063"></a>ll. 3063-3066. (1) B. suggests <b>wundur [deá&eth;e] hwâr &thorn;onne eorl
+ellenrof ende gefêre</b> = <i>let a brave man then somewhere meet his end by
+wondrous venture</i>, etc.&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 241; cf. <a href="#li3038">l. 3038</a>. (2) S.
+supposes an indirect question introduced by <b>hwâr</b> and dependent upon
+<b>wundur</b>, = <i>a mystery is it when it happens that the hero is to die, if he
+is no longer to linger among his people</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 143. (3) Müllenh.
+suggests: <i>is it to be wondered at that a man should die when he can no
+longer live?</i>&mdash;<cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> xiv. 241. (4) Possibly thus:</p>
+<div class="line">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Wundra&eth; hwät &thorn;onne,</div>
+<div class="line">eorl ellen-rôf,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ende gefêre</div>
+<div class="line">lîf-gesceafta,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&thorn;onne leng ne mäg (etc.),</div>
+<p>in which <b>hwät</b> would = <b>&thorn;urh hwät</b> at <a href="#li3069">l. 3069</a>, and <b>eorl</b> would be subject
+of the conjectural vb. <b>wundra&eth;</b>: &quot;the valiant earl wondereth then
+through what he shall attain his life's end, when he no longer may live.
+ ... So Beówulf knew not (wondered how) through what <i>his</i> end
+should come,&quot; etc. W. and Ho. join <b>&thorn;onne</b> to the next line. Or, for
+<b>hwâr</b> read <b>wære</b>: <b>Wundur wære &thorn;onne</b> (= <b>gif</b>), etc., = &quot;would it
+be any wonder if a brave man,&quot; etc., which is virtually Müllenhoff's.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3053"></a>l. 3053. <b>galdre bewunden</b>, <i>spell-bound</i>, throws light on <a href="#li2770">l. 2770</a>, <b>gelocen
+leo&eth;o-cräftum</b>. The &quot;accursed&quot; gold of legend is often dragon-guarded
+and placed under a spell. Even human ashes (as Shakespeare's)
+are thus banned. <a href="#li3047">ll. 3047-3058</a> recall the so-called &quot;Treasury of Atreus.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3073"></a>l. 3073. <b>herh, hearh</b>, <i>temple</i>, is conjectured by E. to survive in <i>Harrow.
+Temple, barrow</i>, etc., have thus been raised to proper names. Cf. <b>Biówulfes
+biorh</b> of <a href="#li2808">l. 2808</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3074"></a>l. 3074. H.-So. has <b>strude</b>, = <i>ravage</i>, and compares <a href="#li3127">l. 3127</a>. MS. has
+<b>strade</b>. S. suggests <b>stride</b>, = <i>tread</i>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 3074. H.-So. omits <b>strâdan</b>, = <i>tread, stride over</i>, from the Gloss.,
+referring <a href="#li3174">ll. 3174</a> and <a href="#li3074">3074</a> to <b>strûdan</b>, q. v.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3075"></a>l. 3075. S. proposes: <b>näs hê goldhwätes gearwor häfde</b>, etc., =
+<i>Beowulf had not before seen the greedy possessor's favor</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 143.
+B. reads, <b>goldhwäte gearwor häfde</b>, etc., making <b>goldhwäte</b> modify
+<b>êst</b>, = <i>golden favor</i>; but see <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 373, for B.'s later view.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3086"></a>l. 3086-3087. B. translates, &quot;that which (i.e. the treasure) drew the
+king thither was granted indeed, but it overwhelmed us.&quot;&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 109.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3097"></a>l. 3097. B. and S. propose <b>äfter wine deádum</b>, = <i>in memory of the
+dead friend</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 144.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3106"></a>l. 3106. The <b>brâd gold</b> here possibly includes the <b>iú-monna gold</b> of
+<a href="#li3053">l. 3053</a> and the <b>wunden gold</b> of <a href="#li3135">l. 3135</a>. E. translates <b>brâd</b> by <i>bullion</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3114"></a>l. 3114. B. supposes <b>folc-âgende</b> to be dat. sg. to <b>gôdum</b>, referring
+to Beowulf.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3116"></a>l. 3116. C. considers <b>weaxan</b>, = Lat. <i>vescor</i>, to devour, as a parallel
+to <b>fretan</b>, and discards parentheses.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> viii. 573.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3120"></a>l. 3120. <b>fûs</b> = <i>furnished with</i>; a meaning which must be added to
+those in the Gloss.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3124"></a>ll. 3124-3125. S. proposes:</p>
+<div class="line">eóde eahta sum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;under inwit-hrôf</div>
+<div class="line">hilderinca:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sum on handa bär, etc.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> ix. 144.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note3136"></a>l. 3136. H.-So. corrects (after B.) to <b>ä&eth;eling<i>c</i></b>, the MS. having <i>e</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3145"></a>l. 3145. &quot;It was their [the Icelanders'] belief that the higher the smoke
+rose in the air the more glorious would the burnt man be in heaven.&quot;&mdash;
+<cite>Ynglinga Saga</cite>, 10 (quoted by E.). Cf. the funeral pyre of Herakles.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3146"></a>l. 3146-3147. B. conjectures:</p>
+<div class="line">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ... swôgende lêc</div>
+<div class="line">wôpe bewunden&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;windblonda lêg</div>
+<p>(<b>lêc</b> from <b>lâcan</b>, see Gloss.).&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 110. Why not <b>windblonda lâc</b>?</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3147"></a>l. 3147. Müllenhoff rejected <b>wind-blond geläg</b> because a great fire
+raises rather than &quot;lays&quot; the wind; hence B., as above, = &quot;swoughing
+sported the flame wound with the howling of wind-currents.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3151"></a>l. 3151 <i>seq.</i> B. restores conjecturally:</p>
+<div class="line">swylce giômor-gyd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sio geó-meowle</div>
+<div class="line">[äfter Beówulfe]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bunden-heorde</div>
+<div class="line">[song] sorg-cearig,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sæde geneahhe,</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;ät hió hyre [hearm-]dagas&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hearde on [dr]êde,</div>
+<div class="line">wälfylla worn,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[w]îgendes egesan,</div>
+<div class="line">hý[n]&eth;o ond häftnýd,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;heóf on rîce wealg.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 100.</div>
+
+<p>Here <b>geó-meowle</b> = <i>old woman</i> or <i>widow;</i> <b>bunden-heorde</b> = <i>with
+bound locks;</i> <b>heóf</b> = <i>lamentation;</i> cf. <a href="#li3143">l. 3143</a>. <b>on rîce wealg</b> is less
+preferable than the MS. reading, <b>heofon rêce swealg</b> = <i>heaven swallowed
+the smoke</i>.&mdash;H.-So. B. thinks Beowulf's widow (<b>geómeowle</b>)
+was probably Hygd; cf. <a href="#li2370">ll. 2370</a>, <a href="#li3017">3017-3021</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3162"></a>l. 3162. H.-So. reads (with MS.) <b>bronda be lâfe</b>, for <b>betost</b>, and
+omits colon after <b>bêcn</b>. So B., <cite>Zachers Zeitschr.</cite> iv. 224.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3171"></a>l. 3171. E. quotes Gibbon's accounts of the burial of Attila when the
+&quot;chosen squadrons of the Hun, wheeling round in measured evolutions,
+chanted a funeral song to the memory of a hero.&quot;</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3173"></a>ll. 3173-3174. B. proposes:</p>
+<div class="line">woldon gên cwî&eth;an&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[ond] kyning</div>
+<div class="line">wordgyd wrecan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ond ymb wel sprecan.</div>
+<div class="lcite">&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 112.</div>
+
+<p><a name="note3183"></a>l. 3183. Z., K., Th. read <b>manna</b> for <b>mannum</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3184"></a>l. 3184. &quot;It is the English ideal of a hero as it was conceived by an
+Englishman some twelve hundred years ago.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 18.</p>
+
+<h3>NOTES TO THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURG.</h3>
+
+<p><a name="finnotes"></a>The original MS. of this fragment has vanished, but a copy had been made
+and printed by Hickes in his <cite>Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium</cite>,
+i. 192. The original was written on a single sheet attached to a codex of
+homilies in the Lambeth Library. Möller, <cite>Alteng. Epos</cite>, p. 65, places
+the fragment in the Finn episode, between <a href="#li1146">ll. 1146</a> and <a href="#li1147">1147</a>. Bugge
+(<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 20) makes it illustrate the conflict in which Hnäf fell,
+<i>i.e.</i> as described in <cite>Beówulf</cite> as antecedent to the events
+there given. Heinzel (<cite>Anzeiger f. d. Altert.</cite>), however, calls
+attention to the fact that Hengest in the fragment is called <b>cyning</b>,
+whereas in <cite>Beówulf</cite>, <a href="#li1086">l. 1086</a>, he is called <b>&thorn;egn</b>. See H.-So.,
+p. 125.</p>
+
+<p>&quot;The <cite>Fight at Finnsburg</cite> and the lays from which our <cite>Beówulf</cite>
+was composed were, as it seems to me, sung among the English who dwelt in
+the north of Denmark and the south of Sweden, and whose tribal name was the
+Jutes or Goths.&quot;&mdash;Br., p. 101.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote1"></a>l. 1. R. supposes [<b>hor</b>]<b>nas</b>, and conjectures such an
+introductory conversation as follows: &quot;Is it dawning in the east, or is a
+fiery dragon flying about, or are the turrets of some castle burning?&quot;
+questions which the king negatives in the same order. Then comes the
+positive declaration, &quot;rather they are warriors marching whose armor gleams
+in the moonlight.&quot; &mdash;<cite>Alt- und Angels. Lesebuch</cite>, 1861. Heinzel and B.
+conjecture, [<b>beorhtor hor</b>]<b>nas byrna&eth; næfre</b>. So.
+G.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 22; <cite>Anzeiger f. d. Altert.</cite> x. 229.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote5"></a>l. 5. B. conjectures <b>fugelas</b> to mean <i>arrows</i>, and supplies:</p>
+<div class="line">ac hêr for&eth; bera&eth;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[fyrdsearu rincas,</div>
+<div class="line">flacre flânbogan],&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;fugelas singa&eth;.</div>
+
+<p>He compares Saxo, p. 95, <i>cristatis galeis hastisque sonantibus
+instant</i>, as explanatory of <a href="finli6">l. 6</a>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 22. But see Brooke,
+<cite>Early Eng. Literature</cite>, who supposes <b>fugelas</b> = <i>raven</i>
+and <i>eagle</i>, while <b>græg-hama</b> is = <i>wulf</i> (the &quot;grey-coated
+one&quot;), the ordinary accompaniers of battle.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote11"></a>l. 11. <b>hicgea&eth;</b>, etc.: cf. <cite>Maldon</cite>, l. 5; <cite>Exod.</cite> l. 218.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote15"></a>l. 15. Cf. B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 25), etc., and Saxo, p. 101, for l. 13.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote18"></a>ll. 18-21. H.-So. remarks: &quot;If, according to Möller and Bugge, Gârulf is
+one of the attackers, one of Finn's men, this does not harmonize with his
+character as Gû&eth;lâf's son (<a href="finli33">l. 33</a>), who (<a href="finli16">l. 16</a>, and <cite>Beówulf</cite>, <a href="li1149">l. 1149</a>)
+is a Dane, therefore one of Finn's antagonists.&quot; B. (<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 25)
+conjectures:</p>
+<div class="line">&thorn;â gyt Gû&eth;dene&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gârulf styrode,</div>
+<div class="line">&thorn;ät hê swâ freólîc feorh&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;forman sî&eth;e</div>
+<div class="line">tô &thorn;ære healle durum&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;hyrsta ne bære,</div>
+<div class="line">nû hîe nî&eth;a heard&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ânyman wolde;</div>
+<p>in which <b>Gû&eth;dene</b> is the same as Sigefer&eth;, <a href="finli24">l. 24</a>; <b>hê</b> (<a href="finli22">l. 22</a>)
+refers to <b>Gârulf</b>; and <b>hîe</b> (<a href="finli21">l. 21</a>) to <b>hyrsta</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote27"></a>l. 27. <b>swä&eth;er</b> = <i>either</i> (bad or good, life or death).&mdash;H.-So.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote29"></a>l. 29. <b>cêlod</b>: meaning doubtful; cf. <cite>Maldon</cite>, l. 283. G.
+renders &quot;curved board&quot;; Sw. suggests &quot;round&quot;? &quot;hollow&quot;?</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote30"></a>l. 30. B. suggests <b>bâr-helm</b>, = <i>boar-helm.</i> Cf. Saxo, p.
+96.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 26.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote34"></a>l. 34. B. conjectures: (1) <b>hwearf flacra hræw hräfen, wandrode</b>; (2)
+<b>hwearf flacra hræw hräfen fram ô&eth;rum</b> = <i>flew from one corpse to
+another</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 27.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote43"></a>l. 43. B. supposes <b>wund häle&eth;</b> to be a Dane, <b>folces hyrde</b> to
+be Hnäf, in opposition to Holtzmann (<cite>Germania</cite>, viii. 494), who
+supposes the wounded man to be a Frisian, and <b>folces hyrde</b> to be
+their king, Finn.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 28.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote45"></a>l. 45. B. adopts Th.'s reading <b>heresceorp unhrôr</b> = <i>equipments
+useless</i>.&mdash;<cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 28.</p>
+
+<p><a name="finnote47"></a>l. 47. &quot;Though wounded, they had retained their strength and activity in
+battle.&quot;&mdash;B., <cite>Beit.</cite> xii. 28.</p>
+
+
+<h3>ADDENDA.</h3>
+
+<p>ll. 105 and 218. MS. and Ho. read <b>won-sæli</b> and <b>fâmi-heals</b>.</p>
+
+<p>ll. 143, 183, 186, etc. Read <b>&thorn;æm</b> for <b>&thorn;äm</b>.</p>
+
+<p>l. 299. MS. reads <b>gôd-fremmendra</b>. So H.-So.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note338"></a>l. 338. Ho. marks <b>wräc-</b> and its group long.</p>
+
+<p>l. 530. <b>Hwät</b> should here probably be printed as an interj., <b>hwät!</b>
+Cf. ll. 1, 943, 2249.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note2263"></a>l. 2263. Koeppel suggests <b>nis</b> for <b>näs</b>.</p>
+
+<p>The editors are much indebted to E. Koeppel (in <cite>Eng. Stud.</cite> xiii. 3)
+for numerous corrections in text and glossary.</p>
+
+<p><a name="note3070"></a>l. 3070. H.-So. begins a new line with <b>swâ</b>.</p>
+
+
+<a name="glossary"></a><h2>GLOSSARY</h2>
+
+<p><b><a name="glossA">A</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glac">ac</a>, conj. denoting contrariety: hence 1) <i>but</i> (like
+N.H.G. sondern), <a href="#li109">109</a>, <a href="#li135">135</a>, <a href="#li339">339</a>, etc.&mdash;2) <i>but</i> (N.H.G. aber),
+<i>nevertheless</i>, <a href="#li602">602</a>, <a href="#li697">697</a>, etc.&mdash;3) in direct questions: nonne,
+numquid, <a href="#li1991">1991</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glaglæca">aglæca, ahlæca, äglæca, -cea</a>, w. m. (cf. Goth, aglo,
+<i>trouble</i>, O.N. agi, <i>terror</i>, + lâc, <i>gift, sport: =
+misery, vexation, = bringer of trouble</i>; hence): 1) <i>evil spirit,
+demon, a demon-like being</i>; of Grendel, <a href="#li159">159</a>, <a href="#li433">433</a>, <a href="#li593">593</a>, etc.; of the
+drake, <a href="#li2535">2535</a>, <a href="#li2906">2906</a>, etc.&mdash;2) <i>great hero, mighty warrior</i>; of
+Sigemund, <a href="#li894">894</a>; of Beówulf: gen. sg. aglæcan(?), <a href="#li1513">1513</a>; of Beówulf and
+the drake: nom. pl. &thorn;â aglæcean, <a href="#li2593">2593</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glaglæcwîf">aglæc-wîf</a>, st. n., <i>demon, devil, in the form of a woman</i>;
+of Grendel's mother, <a href="#li1260">1260</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glaldor">aldor</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glealdor">ealdor</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glalwealda">al-wealda</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glealwealda">eal-w.</a></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glambiht">am-biht</a> (from and-b., Goth, and-baht-s), st. m., <i>servant,
+man-servant</i>: nom. sg. ombeht, of the coast-guard, <a href="#li287">287</a>; ombiht, of
+Wulfgâr, <a href="#li336">336</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glambihtthegn">ambiht-&thorn;egn</a> (from ambiht n. officium and &thorn;egn, which see),
+<i>servant, man-servant</i>: dat. sg. ombiht-&thorn;egne, of Beówulf's
+servant, <a href="#li674">674</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glan">an</a>, prep, with the dat., <i>on, in, with respect to</i>, <a href="#li678">678</a>;
+<i>with, among, at, upon</i> (position after the governed word), <a href="#li1936">1936</a>;
+with the acc., <a href="#li1248">1248</a>. Elsewhere on, which see.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glancor">ancor</a>, st. m., <i>anchor</i>: dat. sg. ancre, <a href="#li303">303</a>, <a href="#li1884">1884</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glancorbend">ancor-bend</a>, m. (?) f. (?), <i>anchor-cable</i>: dat. pl.
+oncer-bendum, <a href="#li1919">1919</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gland">and</a>, conj. (<b>ond</b> is usual form; for example, <a href="#li601">601</a>, <a href="#li1149">1149</a>,
+<a href="#li2041">2041</a>), and <a href="#li33">33</a>, <a href="#li39">39</a>, <a href="#li40">40</a>, etc. (See Appendix.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glanda">anda</a>, w. m., <i>excitement, vexation, horror</i>: dat. wrâ&eth;um
+on andan, <a href="#li709">709</a>, <a href="#li2315">2315</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandgit">and-git</a>, st. n., <i>insight, understanding</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1060">1060</a>.
+See <a class="glentry" href="#glgitan">gitan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandhâtor">and-hâtor</a>, st. m. n., <i>heat coming against one</i>: gen. sg.
+rê&eth;es and-hâttres, <a href="#li2524">2524</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandlang">and-lang, -long</a>, adj., <i>very long.</i> hence 1) <i>at whole
+length, raised up high</i>: acc. andlongne eorl, <a href="#li2696">2696</a> (cf. Bugge upon
+this point, Zachers Ztschr., 4, 217).&mdash;2) <i>continual, entire</i>;
+andlangne däg, <a href="#li2116">2116</a>, <i>the whole day</i>; andlonge niht, <a href="#li2939">2939</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandleán">and-leán</a>, st. n., <i>reward, payment in full</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1542">1542</a>, <a href="#li2095">2095</a> (hand-, hond-lean, MS.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandrisno">and-risno</a>, st. f. (see rîsan, surgere, decere), <i>that which
+is to be observed, that which is proper, etiquette</i>: dat. pl. for
+andrysnum, <i>according to etiquette</i>, <a href="#li1797">1797</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandsaca">and-saca</a>, w. m., <i>adversary</i>: godes andsaca (Grendel), <a href="#li787">787</a>, <a href="#li1683">1683</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandslyht">and-slyht</a>, st. m., <i>blow in return</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2930">2930</a>, <a href="#li2973">2973</a>
+(MS. both times hond-slyht).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandswaru">and-swaru</a>, st. f., <i>act of accosting</i>: 1) to persons
+coming up, <i>an address</i>, <a href="#li2861">2861</a>.&mdash;2) in reply to something said,
+<i>an answer</i>, <a href="#li354">354</a>, <a href="#li1494">1494</a>, <a href="#li1841">1841</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandweard">and-weard</a>, adj., <i>present, existing</i>: acc. sg. n. swîn
+ofer helme and-weard (<i>the image of the boar, which stands on his
+helm</i>), <a href="#li1288">1288</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glandwlita">and-wlita</a>, w. m., <i>countenance</i>: acc. sg. -an, <a href="#li690">690</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glansund">an-sund</a>, adj., <i>entirely unharmed</i>: nom. sg. m., <a href="#li1001">1001</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glansýn">an-sýn</a>, f., <i>the state of being seen</i>: hence 1) <i>the
+exterior, the form</i>, <a href="#li251">251</a>: ansýn ýwde, <i>showed his form</i>, i.e.
+appeared, <a href="#li2835">2835</a>.&mdash;2) <i>aspect, appearance</i>, <a href="#li929">929</a>; on-sýn, <a href="#li2773">2773</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glanwalda">an-walda</a>, w. m., <i>He who rules over all, God</i>, <a href="#li1273">1273</a>. See
+Note.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glatol">atol</a>, adj. (also eatol, <a href="#li2075">2075</a>, etc.), <i>hostile, frightful,
+cruel</i>: of Grendel, <a href="#li159">159</a>, <a href="#li165">165</a>, <a href="#li593">593</a>, <a href="#li2075">2075</a>, etc.; of Grendel's
+mother's hands (dat. pl. atolan), <a href="#li1503">1503</a>; of the undulation of the
+waves, <a href="#li849">849</a>; of battle, <a href="#li597">597</a>, <a href="#li2479">2479</a>.&mdash;cf. O.N. atall, fortis, strenuus.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glatelîc">atelîc</a>, adj., <i>terrible, dreadful</i>: atelîc egesa, <a href="#li785">785</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b><a name="glossAl">Â</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâ">â</a>, adv. (Goth, áiv, acc. from aiv-s aevum), <i>ever,
+always</i>, <a href="#li455">455</a>, <a href="#li882">882</a>, <a href="#li931">931</a>, <a href="#li1479">1479</a>: â sy&eth;&eth;an, <i>ever afterwards, ever,
+ever after</i>, <a href="#li283">283</a>, <a href="#li2921">2921</a>.&mdash;<i>ever</i>, <a href="#li780">780</a>.&mdash;Comp. nâ.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâd">âd</a> st. m. <i>funeral pile</i>: acc. sg. âd, <a href="#li3139">3139</a>; dat. sg. âde,
+<a href="#li1111">1111</a>, <a href="#li1115">1115</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâdfaru">âd-faru</a>, st. f., <i>way to the funeral pile</i>, dat. sg. on
+âd-färe, <a href="#li3011">3011</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâdl">âdl</a>, st. f. <i>sickness</i>, <a href="#li1737">1737</a>, <a href="#li1764">1764</a>, <a href="#li1849">1849</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâth">â&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>oath in general</i>, <a href="#li2740">2740</a>; <i>oath of
+allegiance</i>, <a href="#li472">472</a> (?); <i>oath of reconciliation of two warring
+peoples</i>, <a href="#li1098">1098</a>, <a href="#li1108">1108</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâthsweord">â&eth;-sweord</a>, st. n., <i>the solemn taking of an oath, the
+swearing of an oath</i>: nom. pl., <a href="#li2065">2065</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsweord">sweord</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâthumswerian">â&eth;um-swerian</a>, m. pl., <i>son-in-law and father-in-law</i>: dat.
+pl., <a href="#li84">84</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâgan">âgan</a>, verb, pret. and pres., <i>to have, to possess</i>, w.
+acc.: III. prs. sg. âh, <a href="#li1728">1728</a>; inf. âgan, <a href="#li1089">1089</a>; prt. âhte, <a href="#li487">487</a>, <a href="#li522">522</a>,
+<a href="#li533">533</a>; with object, geweald, to be supplied, <a href="#li31">31</a>. Form contracted with
+the negative: prs. sg. I. nâh hwâ sweord wege (<i>I have no one to
+wield the sword</i>), <a href="#li2253">2253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâgen">âgen</a>, adj., <i>own, peculiar</i>, <a href="#li2677">2677</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâgend">âgend</a> (prs. part. of âgan), <i>possessor, owner, lord</i>: gen.
+sg. âgendes, <i>of God</i>, <a href="#li3076">3076</a>.&mdash;Compounds: blæd-, bold-, folc-,
+mägen-âgend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâgendfreá">âgend-freá</a>, w. m., <i>owner, lord</i>: gen. sg. âgend-freán,
+<a href="#li1884">1884</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâhsian">âhsian</a>, ge-<b>âhsian</b>, w. v.: 1) <i>to examine, to find out
+by inquiring</i>: pret. part. ge-âhsod, <a href="#li433">433</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to experience, to
+endure</i>: pret. âhsode, <a href="#li1207">1207</a>; pl. âhsodon, <a href="#li423">423</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâht">âht</a>, st. n. (contracted from â-wiht, which see), <i>something,
+anything</i>: âht cwices, <a href="#li2315">2315</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glân">ân</a>, num. The meaning of this word betrays its apparent
+demonstrative character: 1) <i>this, that</i>, <a href="#li2411">2411</a>, of the hall in
+the earth mentioned before; similarly, <a href="#li100">100</a> (of Grendel; already
+mentioned), cf. also <a href="#li2775">2775</a>.&mdash;2) <i>one</i>, a particular one among
+many, a single one, in numerical sense: ymb âne niht (<i>the next
+night</i>), <a href="#li135">135</a>; &thorn;urh ânes cräft, <a href="#li700">700</a>; &thorn;âra ânum, <a href="#li1038">1038</a>; ân äfter ânum,
+<i>one for the other</i> (Hrê&eth;el for Herebeald), <a href="#li2462">2462</a>: similarly, ân
+äfter eallum, <a href="#li2269">2269</a>; ânes hwät, <i>some single thing, a part</i>, <a href="#li3011">3011</a>;
+se ân leóda dugu&eth;e, <i>the one of the heroes of the people</i>, <a href="#li2238">2238</a>;
+ânes willan, <i>for the sake of a single one</i>, <a href="#li3078">3078</a>, etc.&mdash;Hence,
+again, 3) <i>alone, distinguished</i>, <a href="#li1459">1459</a>, <a href="#li1886">1886</a>.&mdash;4) <i>a</i>, in
+the sense of an indefinite article: ân ... feónd, <a href="#li100">100</a>; gen. sg. ânre
+bêne (or to No.2[?]), <a href="#li428">428</a>; ân ... draca, 2211&mdash;5) gen. pl. ânra, in
+connection with a pronoun, <i>single</i>; ânra gehwylces, <i>every
+single one</i>, <a href="#li733">733</a>; ânra gehwylcum, <a href="#li785">785</a>. Similarly, the dat. pl. in
+this sense: nemne feáum ânum, <i>except a few single ones</i>,
+<a href="#li1082">1082</a>.&mdash;6) solus, <i>alone</i>: in the strong form, <a href="#li1378">1378</a>, <a href="#li2965">2965</a>; in the
+weak form, <a href="#li145">145</a>, <a href="#li425">425</a>, <a href="#li431">431</a>, <a href="#li889">889</a>, etc.; with the gen., âna Geáta dugu&eth;e,
+<i>alone of the warriors of the Geátas</i>, <a href="#li2658">2658</a>.&mdash;7) solitarius,
+<i>alone, lonely</i>, see <a class="glentry" href="#glæn">æn</a>.&mdash;Comp. nân.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânfeald">ân-feald</a>, adj., <i>simple, plain, without reserve</i>: acc. sg.
+ânfealdne ge&thorn;ôht, <i>simple opinion</i>, <a href="#li256">256</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glângenga">ân-genga, -gengea</a>, w. m., <i>he who goes alone</i>, of Grendel,
+<a href="#li165">165</a>, <a href="#li449">449</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânhaga">ân-haga</a>, w. m., <i>he who stands alone</i>, solitarius, <a href="#li2369">2369</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânhydig">ân-hydig</a>, adj. (like the O.N. ein-râd-r, <i>of one
+resolve</i>, i.e. of firm resolve), <i>of one opinion</i>, i.e. firm,
+brave, decided, <a href="#li2668">2668</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânga">ânga</a>, adj. (only in the weak form), <i>single, only</i>: acc.
+sg. ângan dôhtor, <a href="#li375">375</a>, <a href="#li2998">2998</a>; ângan eaferan, <a href="#li1548">1548</a>; dat. sg. ângan
+brê&eth;er, <a href="#li1263">1263</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânpäth">ân-pä&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>lonely way, path</i>: acc. pl. ânpa&eth;as,
+<a href="#li1411">1411</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânræd">ân-ræd</a>, adj. (cf. under ân-hydig), <i>of firm resolution,
+resolved</i>, <a href="#li1530">1530</a>, <a href="#li1576">1576</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glântîd">ân-tîd</a>, st. f., <i>one time</i>, i.e. the same time, ymb ân-tîd
+ô&eth;res dôgores, <i>about the same time the second day</i> (they sailed
+twenty-four hours), <a href="#li219">219</a>.&mdash;ân stands as in ân-mod, O.H.G. ein-muoti,
+<i>harmonious, of the same disposition</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânunga">ânunga</a>, adv., <i>throughout, entirely, wholly</i>, <a href="#li635">635</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâr">âr</a>, st. m., <i>ambassador, messenger</i>, <a href="#li336">336</a>, <a href="#li2784">2784</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâr">âr</a>, st. f., 1) <i>honor, dignity</i>: ârum healdan, <i>to hold
+in honor</i>, <a href="#li296">296</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1100">1100</a>, <a href="#li1183">1183</a>.&mdash;2) <i>favor, grace,
+support</i>: acc. sg. âre, <a href="#li1273">1273</a>, <a href="#li2607">2607</a>; dat. sg. âre, <a href="#li2379">2379</a>; gen. pl.
+hwät ... ârna, <a href="#li1188">1188</a>.&mdash;Comp. worold-âr; also written ær.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glârfäst">âr-fäst</a>, adj., <i>honorable, upright</i>, <a href="#li1169">1169</a>; of Hûnfer&eth;
+(with reference to <a href="#li588">588</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfäst">fäst</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glârian">ârian</a>, w. v., (<i>to be gracious</i>), <i>to spare</i>: III. sg. prs.
+w. dat. nænegum âra&eth;; of Grendel, <a href="#li599">599</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glârstäf">âr-stäf</a>, st. m.,(elementum honoris), <i>grace, favor</i>: dat.
+pl. mid ârstafum, <a href="#li317">317</a>.&mdash;<i>Help, support</i>: dat. pl. for âr-stafum,
+<i>to the assistance</i>, <a href="#li382">382</a>, <a href="#li458">458</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glstäf">stäf</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâterteár">âter-teár</a>, m., <i>poisonous drop</i>: dat. pl. îren âter-teárum
+fâh (steel which is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants),
+<a href="#li1460">1460</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâttor">âttor</a>, st. n., <i>poison</i>, here of the poison of the dragon's
+bite: nom., <a href="#li2716">2716</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâttorsceatha">âttor-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>poisonous enemy, of the poisonous
+dragon</i>: gen. sg. -scea&eth;an, <a href="#li2840">2840</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâwâ">âwâ</a>, adv. (certainly not the dative, but a reduplicated form of
+â, which see), <i>ever</i>: âwâ tô aldre, <i>fôr ever and ever</i>,
+<a href="#li956">956</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossAE">Ä</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glädre">ädre</a>, adv., <i>hastily, directly, immediately</i>, <a href="#li77">77</a>, <a href="#li354">354</a>,
+<a href="#li3107">3107</a>. [ædre.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläthele">ä&eth;ele</a>, adj., <i>noble</i>: nom. sg., of Beówulf, <a href="#li198">198</a>, <a href="#li1313">1313</a>; of
+Beówulf's father, <a href="#li263">263</a>, where it can be understood as well in a moral
+as in a genealogical sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen.
+sg. ä&eth;elan cynnes, <a href="#li2235">2235</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glätheling">ä&eth;eling</a>, st. m., <i>nobleman, man of noble descent</i>,
+especially the appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of
+the Danes, <a href="#li3">3</a>; of Scyld, <a href="#li33">33</a>; of Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li130">130</a>; of Sigemund, <a href="#li889">889</a>; of
+Beówulf, <a href="#li1226">1226</a>, <a href="#li1245">1245</a>, <a href="#li1597">1597</a>, <a href="#li1816">1816</a>, <a href="#li2189">2189</a>, <a href="#li2343">2343</a>, <a href="#li2375">2375</a>, <a href="#li2425">2425</a>, <a href="#li2716">2716</a>, <a href="#li3136">3136</a>;
+perhaps also of Däghrefn, <a href="#li2507">2507</a>;&mdash;then, in a broader sense, also
+denoting other noble-born men: Äschere, <a href="#li1295">1295</a>; Hrô&eth;gâr's courtiers,
+<a href="#li118">118</a>, <a href="#li983">983</a>; Heremôd's courtiers, <a href="#li907">907</a>; Hengest's warriors, <a href="#li1113">1113</a>;
+Beówulf's retinue, <a href="#li1805">1805</a>, <a href="#li1921">1921</a>, <a href="#li3172">3172</a>; noble-born in general, <a href="#li2889">2889</a>.
+&mdash;Comp. sib-ä&eth;eling.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläthelu">ä&eth;elu</a>, st. n., only in the pl., <i>noble descent, nobility</i>,
+in the sense of noble lineage: acc. pl. ä&eth;elu, <a href="#li392">392</a>; dat. pl. cyning
+ä&eth;elum gôd, <i>the king, of noble birth</i>, <a href="#li1871">1871</a>; ä&eth;elum dióre,
+<i>worthy on account of noble lineage</i>, <a href="#li1950">1950</a>; ä&eth;elum (hæle&thorn;um,
+MS.), <a href="#li332">332</a>.&mdash;Comp. fäder-ä&eth;elu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläfnan">äfnan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to perform, to carry out, to
+accomplish</i>: inf. ellen-weorc äfnan, <i>to do a heroic deed</i>, <a href="#li1465">1465</a>;
+pret. unriht äfnde, <i>perpetrated wrong</i>, <a href="#li1255">1255</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeäfnan">äfnan</a>, 1) <i>to carry out, to do, to accomplish</i>: pret.
+pl. &thorn;ät geäfndon swâ, <i>so carried that out</i>, <a href="#li538">538</a>; pret. part. â&eth;
+wäs geäfned, <i>the oath was sworn</i>, <a href="#li1108">1108</a>.&mdash;2) <i>get ready,
+prepare</i>: pret. part. geäfned, <a href="#li3107">3107</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glefnan">efnan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläfter">äfter</a> (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it
+expresses the idea of <i>forth, away, from, back</i>), a) adv.,
+<i>thereupon, afterwards</i>, <a href="#li12">12</a>, <a href="#li341">341</a>, <a href="#li1390">1390</a>, <a href="#li2155">2155</a>.&mdash;ic him äfter
+sceal, <i>I shall go after them</i>, <a href="#li2817">2817</a>; in word äfter cwä&eth;, <a href="#li315">315</a>,
+the sense seems to be, <i>spoke back, having turned</i>; b) prep. w.
+dat., 1) (temporal) <i>after</i>, <a href="#li119">119</a>, <a href="#li128">128</a>, <a href="#li187">187</a>, <a href="#li825">825</a>, <a href="#li1939">1939</a>, etc.;
+äfter beorne, <i>after the</i> (death of) <i>the hero</i>, <a href="#li2261">2261</a>, so
+<a href="#li2262">2262</a>; äfter mâ&eth;&eth;um-welan, <i>after</i> (obtaining) <i>the
+treasure</i>, <a href="#li2751">2751</a>.&mdash;2) (causal) as proceeding from something,
+denoting result and purpose, hence, <i>in consequence of, conformably
+to</i>: äfter rihte, <i>in accordance with right</i>, <a href="#li1050">1050</a>, <a href="#li2111">2111</a>;
+äfter faro&eth;e, <i>with the current</i>, <a href="#li580">580</a>; so <a href="#li1321">1321</a>, <a href="#li1721">1721</a>, <a href="#li1944">1944</a>, <a href="#li2180">2180</a>,
+etc., äfter hea&eth;o-swâte, <i>in consequence of the blood of battle</i>,
+<a href="#li1607">1607</a>; äfter wälnî&eth;e, <i>in consequence of mortal enmity</i>, <a href="#li85">85</a>; <i>in
+accordance with, on account of, after, about</i>: äfter ä&eth;elum
+(hæle&thorn;um, MS.)frägn, <i>asked about the descent</i>, <a href="#li332">332</a>; ne frin &thorn;u
+äfter sælum, <i>ask not after my welfare</i>, <a href="#li1323">1323</a>; äfter sincgyfan
+greóte&eth;, <i>weeps for the giver of treasure</i>, <a href="#li1343">1343</a>; him äfter
+deórum men dyrne langa&eth;, <i>longs in secret for the dear man</i>,
+<a href="#li1880">1880</a>; ân äfter ânum, <i>one for the other</i>, <a href="#li2462">2462</a>, etc.&mdash;3) (local),
+<i>along</i>: äfter gumcynnum, <i>throughout the races of men, among
+men</i>, <a href="#li945">945</a>; sôhte bed äfter bûrum, <i>sought a bed among the rooms
+of the castle</i> (the castle was fortified, the hall was not), <a href="#li140">140</a>;
+äfter recede wlât, <i>looked along the hall</i>, <a href="#li1573">1573</a>; stone äfter
+stâne, <i>smelt along the rocks</i>, <a href="#li2289">2289</a>; äfter lyfte, <i>along the
+air through the air</i>, <a href="#li2833">2833</a>; similarly, <a href="#li996">996</a>, <a href="#li1068">1068</a>, <a href="#li1317">1317</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläfthunca">äf-&thorn;unca</a>, w. m., <i>anger, chagrin, vexatious affair</i>: nom.,
+<a href="#li502">502</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläglæcea">äglæcea</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glaglæcea">aglæcea</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläled">äled</a> (Old Sax. eld, O.N. edl-r), st. m., <i>fire</i>, <a href="#li3016">3016</a>.
+[æled.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläledleóma">äled-leóma</a>, w. m., <i>(fire-light), torch</i>: acc. sg. leóman,
+<a href="#li3126">3126</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glleóma">leóma</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glälfylce">äl-fylce</a> (from äl-, Goth. ali-s, &#x1F04;&lambda;&lambda;&omicron;&sigmaf;, and fylce,
+O.N. fylki, collective form from folc), st. n., <i>other folk, hostile
+army</i>: dat. pl. wi&eth; älfylcum, <a href="#li2372">2372</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glälmihtig">äl-mihtig</a> (for eal-m.), adj., <i>almighty</i>: nom. sg. m., of
+the weak form, se äl-mihtiga, <a href="#li92">92</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glälwiht">äl-wiht</a>, st. m., <i>being of another species, monster</i>: gen.
+pl. äl-wihta eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, <a href="#li1501">1501</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläppelfealu">äppel-fealu</a>, adj., <i>dappled sorrel</i>, or
+<i>apple-yellow</i>: nom. pl. äppel-fealuwe mearas, <i>apple-yellow
+steeds</i>, <a href="#li2166">2166</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glärn">ärn</a>, st. n., <i>house</i>, in the compounds heal-, hord-,
+medo-, &thorn;ry&eth;-, win-ärn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläsc">äsc</a>, st. m., <i>ash</i> (does not occur in Beówulf in this
+sense), <i>lance, spear</i>, because the shaft consists of ash wood:
+dat. pl. (quâ instr.) äscum and ecgum, <i>with spears and swords</i>,
+<a href="#li1773">1773</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläscholt">äsc-holt</a>, st. n., <i>ash wood, ashen shaft</i>: nom. pl.
+äsc-holt ufan græg, <i>the ashen shafts gray above</i> (spears with
+iron points), <a href="#li330">330</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gläscwîga">äsc-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>spear-fighter, warrior armed with the
+spear</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2043">2043</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glät">ät</a>, prep. w. dat., with the fundamental meaning of nearness to
+something, hence 1) local, a) <i>with, near, at, on, in</i> (rest): ät
+hý&eth;e, in <i>harbor</i>, <a href="#li32">32</a>; ät symle, <i>at the meal</i>, <a href="#li81">81</a>, ät âde,
+<i>on the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li1111">1111</a>, <a href="#li1115">1115</a>; ät &thorn;e ânum, <i>with thee
+alone</i>, <a href="#li1378">1378</a>; ät wîge, <i>in the fight</i>, <a href="#li1338">1338</a>; ät hilde, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>,
+<a href="#li2682">2682</a>; ät æte, <i>in eating</i>, <a href="#li3027">3027</a>, etc. b) <i>to, towards, at,
+on</i> (motion to): deá&eth;es wylm hrân ät heortan, <i>seized upon the
+heart</i>, <a href="#li2271">2271</a>; gehêton ät härgtrafum, <i>vowed at</i> (or <i>to</i>)
+<i>the temples of the gods</i>, <a href="#li175">175</a>. c) with verbs of taking away,
+<i>away from</i> (as starting from near an object): ge&thorn;eah &thorn;ät ful ät
+Wealh&thorn;eón, <i>took the cup from W</i>., <a href="#li630">630</a>; fela ic gebâd grynna ät
+Grendle, <i>from Grendel</i>, <a href="#li931">931</a>; ät mînum fäder genam, <i>took me
+from my father to himself</i>, <a href="#li2430">2430</a>.&mdash;2) temporal, <i>at, in, at the
+time of</i>: ät frumsceafte, <i>in the beginning</i>, <a href="#li45">45</a>; ät ende,
+<i>at an end</i>, <a href="#li224">224</a>; fand sînne dryhten ealdres ät ende, <i>at the
+end of life, dying</i>, <a href="#li2791">2791</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2823">2823</a>; ät feohgyftum, <i>in
+giving gifts</i>, <a href="#li1090">1090</a>; ät sî&eth;estan, <i>finally</i>, <a href="#li3014">3014</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glätgræpe">ät-græpe</a>, adj., <i>laying hold of</i>, prehendens, <a href="#li1270">1270</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glätrihte">ät-rihte</a>, adv., <i>almost</i>, <a href="#li1658">1658</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossAEl">Æ</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glædre">ædre, êdre</a>, st. f., <i>aqueduct, canal</i> (not in Beów.),
+ <i>vein</i> (not in Beów.), <i>stream, violent pouring forth</i>:
+ dat. pl. swât ædrum sprong, <i>the blood sprang in streams</i>, <a href="#li2967">2967</a>;
+ blôd êdrum dranc, <i>drank the blood in streams</i>(?), <a href="#li743">743</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæthm">æ&eth;m</a>, st. m., <i>breath, gasp, snort</i>: instr. sg. hre&eth;er æ&eth;me
+weóll, <i>the breast</i> (of the drake) <i>heaved with snorting</i>,
+<a href="#li2594">2594</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfen">æfen</a>, st. m., <i>evening</i>, <a href="#li1236">1236</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfengram">æfen-gram</a>, adj., <i>hostile at evening, night-enemy</i>: nom.
+sg. m. æfen-grom, of Grendel, <a href="#li2075">2075</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfenleóht">æfen-leóht</a>, st. n., <i>evening-light</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li413">413</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfenräst">æfen-räst</a>, st. f., <i>evening-rest</i>: acc. sg. -räste, <a href="#li647">647</a>,
+<a href="#li1253">1253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfenspræc">æfen-spræc</a>, st. f., <i>evening-talk</i>: acc. sg.
+gemunde ...æfen-spræce, <i>thought about what he had spoken in the
+evening</i>, <a href="#li760">760</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæfre">æfre</a>, adv., <i>ever, at any time</i>, <a href="#li70">70</a>, <a href="#li280">280</a>, <a href="#li504">504</a>, <a href="#li693">693</a>, etc.:
+in negative sentences, æfre ne, <i>never</i>, <a href="#li2601">2601</a>.&mdash;Comp. næfre.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæghwâ">æg-hwâ</a> (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwër), pron., <i>every, each</i>: dat. sg.
+æghwæm, <a href="#li1385">1385</a>. The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, <i>in all, throughout,
+thoroughly</i>: æghwäs untæle, <i>thoroughly blameless</i>, <a href="#li1866">1866</a>;
+æghwäs unrîm, <i>entirely innumerable quantity</i>, i.e. an enormous
+multitude, <a href="#li2625">2625</a>, <a href="#li3136">3136</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæghwäther">æg-hwä&eth;er</a> (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwëdar): 1) <i>each</i> (of two): nom.
+sg. häfde æghwä&eth;er ende gefêred, <i>each of the two</i> (Beówulf and
+the drake) <i>had reached the end</i>, <a href="#li2845">2845</a>; dat. sg. æghwä&eth;rum wäs
+brôga fram ô&eth;rum, <i>to each of the two</i> (Beówulf and the drake)
+<i>was fear of the other</i>, <a href="#li2565">2565</a>; gen. sg. æghwä&eth;res ... worda and
+worca, <a href="#li287">287</a>.&mdash;2) <i>each</i> (of several): dat. sg. heora æghwä&eth;rum,
+<a href="#li1637">1637</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæghwær">æg-hwær</a>, adv., <i>everywhere</i>, <a href="#li1060">1060</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæghwilc">æg-hwilc</a> (O.H.G. êo-gi-hwëlih), pron., unusquisque,
+<i>every</i> (one): 1) used as an adj.: acc. sg. m. dæl æghwylcne,
+<a href="#li622">622</a>.&mdash;2) as substantive, a) with the partitive genitive: nom. sg.
+æg-hwylc, <a href="#li9">9</a>, <a href="#li2888">2888</a>; dat. sg. æghwylcum, <a href="#li1051">1051</a>. b) without gen.: nom. sg.
+æghwylc, <a href="#li985">985</a>, <a href="#li988">988</a>; (wäs) æghwylc ô&eth;rum trýwe, <i>each one</i> (of two)
+<i>true to the other</i>, <a href="#li1166">1166</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glægweard">æg-weard</a>, st. f., <i>watch on the sea shore</i>: acc. sg.
+æg-wearde, <a href="#li241">241</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæht">æht</a> (abstract form from âgan, denoting the state of
+possessing), st. f.: 1) <i>possession, power</i>: acc. sg. on flôdes
+æht, <a href="#li42">42</a>; on wäteres æht, <i>into the power of the water</i>, <a href="#li516">516</a>; on
+æht gehwearf Denigea freán, <i>passed over into the possession of a
+Danish master</i>, <a href="#li1680">1680</a>.&mdash;2) <i>property, possessions, goods</i>: acc.
+pl. æhte, <a href="#li2249">2249</a>.&mdash;Comp. mâ&eth;m-, gold-æht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæht">æht</a> (O.H.G. âhta), st. f., <i>pursuit</i>: nom. &thorn;â wäs æht
+boden Sweona leódum, segn Higelâce, <i>then was pursuit offered to the
+people of the Sweonas, (their) banner to Hygelâc</i> (i.e. the banner
+of the Swedes, taken during their flight, fell into the hands of
+Hygelâc), <a href="#li2958">2958</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeæhtan">æhtan</a>, w. v., <i>to prize, to speak in praise of</i>: pret.
+part. geæhted, <a href="#li1866">1866</a>. [geähtan.]</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeæhtla">æhtla</a>, w. m., or <b>ge-æhtle</b>, w. f., <i>a speaking of
+with praise, high esteem</i>: gen. sg. hy ... wyr&eth;e &thorn;incea&eth;
+eorla geæhtlan, <i>seem worthy of the high esteem of the
+noble-born</i>, <a href="#li369">369</a>. [geähtla.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæn">æn</a> (oblique form of ân), num., <i>one</i>: acc. sg. m. &thorn;one ænne
+&thorn;one..., <i>the one whom</i>..., <a href="#li1054">1054</a>; oftor micle &thorn;onne on ænne sî&eth;,
+<i>much oftener than one time</i>, <a href="#li1580">1580</a>; for&eth; onsendon ænne, <i>sent him
+forth alone</i>, <a href="#li46">46</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæne">æne</a>, adv., <i>once</i>: oft nalles æne, <a href="#li3020">3020</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glænig">ænig</a>, pron., <i>one, any one</i>, <a href="#li474">474</a>, <a href="#li503">503</a>, <a href="#li510">510</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>, etc.:
+instr. sg. nolde ... 0nige &thorn;inga, <i>would in no way, not at all</i>,
+<a href="#li792">792</a>; lyt ænig mearn, <i>little did any one sorrow</i> (i.e. no one),
+<a href="#li3130">3130</a>.&mdash;With the article: näs se folccyning ... ænig, <i>no people's
+king</i>, <a href="#li2735">2735</a>.&mdash;Comp. nænig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glænlîc">æn-lîc</a>, adj., <i>alone, excellent, distinguished</i>: ænlîc
+ansýn, <i>distinguished appearance</i>, <a href="#li251">251</a>; &thorn;eáh &thorn;e hió ænlîcu sý,
+<i>though she be beautiful</i>, <a href="#li1942">1942</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glær">ær</a> (comparative form, from â): 1) adv., <i>sooner, before,
+beforehand</i>, <a href="#li15">15</a>, <a href="#li656">656</a>, <a href="#li695">695</a>, <a href="#li758">758</a>, etc., <i>for a long time</i>, <a href="#li2596">2596</a>;
+eft swâ ær, <i>again as formerly</i>, <a href="#li643">643</a>; ær ne si&eth;&eth;an, <i>neither
+sooner nor later</i>, <a href="#li719">719</a>; ær and sî&eth;, <i>sooner and later</i> (all
+times), <a href="#li2501">2501</a>; nô &thorn;ý ær (<i>not so much the sooner</i>), <i>yet
+not</i>, <a href="#li755">755</a>, <a href="#li1503">1503</a>, <a href="#li2082">2082</a>, <a href="#li2161">2161</a>, <a href="#li2467">2467</a>.&mdash;2) conjunct., <i>before,
+ere</i>: a) with the ind.: ær hió tô setle geóng, <a href="#li2020">2020</a>. b) w.
+subjunc.: ær ge fyr fêran, <i>before you travel farther</i>, <a href="#li252">252</a>; ær
+he on hwurfe <a href="#li164">164</a>, so <a href="#li677">677</a>, <a href="#li2819">2819</a>; ær &thorn;on däg cwôme, <i>ere the day
+break</i>, <a href="#li732">732</a>; ær correlative to ær adv.: ær he feorh sele&eth;, aldor an
+ôfre, ær he wille ..., <i>he will sooner</i> (rather) <i>leave his
+life upon the shore, before</i> (than) <i>he will</i> ..., <a href="#li1372">1372</a>.&mdash;3)
+prepos. with dat., <i>before</i> ær deá&eth;e, <i>before death</i>, <a href="#li1389">1389</a>;
+ær däges hwîle, <i>before daybreak</i>, <a href="#li2321">2321</a>; ær swylt-däge, <i>before
+the day of death</i>, <a href="#li2799">2799</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæror">æror</a>, comp. adv., <i>sooner, before-hand</i>, <a href="#li810">810</a>;
+<i>formerly</i>, <a href="#li2655">2655</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærra">ærra</a>, comp. adj., <i>earlier</i>; instr. pl., ærran mælum,
+<i>in former times</i>, <a href="#li908">908</a>, <a href="#li2238">2238</a>, <a href="#li3036">3036</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærest">ærest</a>, superl.: 1) adv., <i>first of all, foremost</i>, <a href="#li6">6</a>, <a href="#li617">617</a>,
+<a href="#li1698">1698</a>, etc.&mdash;2) as subst. n., <i>relation to, the beginning</i>: acc.
+&thorn;ät ic his ærest &thorn;e eft gesägde (<i>to tell thee in what relation it
+stood at first to the coat of mail that has been presented</i>), <a href="#li2158">2158</a>.
+See <a href="#note2158">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærdäg">ær-däg</a>, st. m. (<i>before-day</i>), <i>morning-twilight, gray
+of morning</i>: dat. sg. mid ærdäge, <a href="#li126">126</a>; samod ærdäge, <a href="#li1312">1312</a>, <a href="#li2943">2943</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærende">ærende</a>, st. n., <i>errand, trust</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li270">270</a>, <a href="#li345">345</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærfäder">ær-fäder</a>, st. m., <i>late father, deceased father</i>: nom sg.
+swâ his ærfäder, <a href="#li2623">2623</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærgestreón">ær-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>old treasure, possessions dating from
+old times</i>: acc sg., <a href="#li1758">1758</a>; gen. sg. swylcra fela ærgestreóna,
+<i>much of such old treasure</i>, <a href="#li2233">2233</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgestreón">gestreón</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærgeweorc">ær-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>work dating from old times</i>: nom. sg.
+enta ær-geweorc, <i>the old work of the giants</i> (of the golden
+sword-hilt from Grendel's water-hall), <a href="#li1680">1680</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgeweorc">geweorc</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærgôd">ær-gôd</a>, adj., <i>good since old times, long invested with
+dignity</i> or <i>advantages</i>: ä&eth;eling ærgôd, <a href="#li130">130</a>; (eorl) ærgôd,
+<a href="#li1330">1330</a>; îren ærgôd (<i>excellent sword</i>), <a href="#li990">990</a>, <a href="#li2587">2587</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glærwela">ær-wela</a>, w. m., <i>old possessions, riches dating from old
+times</i>: acc. sg. ærwelan, <a href="#li2748">2748</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwela">wela</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæs">æs</a>, st. n., <i>carcass, carrion</i>: dat. (instr.) sg. æse, of
+Äschere's corpse, <a href="#li1333">1333</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glæt">æt</a>, st. m., <i>food, meat</i>: dat, sg., hû him ät æte speów,
+<i>how he fared well at meat</i>, <a href="#li3027">3027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glættren">ættren</a> (see âttor), adj., <i>poisonous</i>: wäs &thorn;ät blôd tô &thorn;äs
+hât, ættren ellorgâst, se ær inne swealt, <i>so hot was the blood,
+(and) poisonous the demon</i> (Grendel's mother) <i>who died
+therein</i>, 1618</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossB">B</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbana">bana, bona</a>, w. m., <i>murderer</i>, <a href="#li158">158</a>, <a href="#li588">588</a>, <a href="#li1103">1103</a>, etc.:
+acc. sg. bonan Ongen&thorn;eówes, of Hygelâc, although in reality his men
+slew Ongen&thorn;eów (<a href="#li2965">2965</a> ff.), <a href="#li1969">1969</a>. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne
+wäs ecg bona, <a href="#li2507">2507</a>; wear&eth; wracu Weohstânes bana, <a href="#li2614">2614</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+ecg-, feorh-, gâst-, hand-, mû&eth;-bana.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbongâr">bon-gâr</a>, st. m. <i>murdering spear</i>, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebannan">bannan</a>, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person,
+<i>to command, to bid</i>: inf., <a href="#li74">74</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbâd">bâd</a>, st. f., <i>pledge</i>, only in comp.: nýd-bâd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbân">bân</a>, st. n., <i>bone</i>: dat. sg. on bâne (on the bony skin of
+the drake), <a href="#li2579">2579</a>; dat. pl. heals ealne ymbefêng biteran bânum (here of
+the teeth of the drake), <a href="#li2693">2693</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbâncôfa">bân-côfa</a>, w. m., &quot;cubile ossium&quot; (Grimm) of the body: dat. sg.
+-côfan, <a href="#li1446">1446</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânfâg">bân-fâg</a>, adj., <i>variegated with bones</i>, either with
+ornaments made of bone-work, or adorned with bone, perhaps
+deer-antlers; of Hrô&eth;gâr's hall, <a href="#li781">781</a>. The last meaning seems the more
+probable.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânfät">bân-fät</a>, st. n., <i>bone-vessel</i>, i.e. the body: acc. pl.
+bân-fatu, <a href="#li1117">1117</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânhring">bân-hring</a>, st. m., <i>the bone-structure, joint,
+bone-joint</i>: acc. pl. hire wi&eth; halse ... bânhringas bräc (<i>broke
+her neck-joint</i>), <a href="#li1568">1568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânhûs">bân-hûs</a>, st. n., <i>bone-house</i>, i.e. the body: acc. sg.
+bânhûs gebräc, <a href="#li2509">2509</a>; similarly, <a href="#li3148">3148</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânloca">bân-loca</a>, w. m., <i>the enclosure of the bones</i>, i.e. the
+body: acc. sg. bât bânlocan, <i>bit the body</i>, <a href="#li743">743</a>; nom. pl.
+burston bânlocan, <i>the body burst</i> (of Grendel, because his arm
+was torn out), <a href="#li819">819</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbât">bât</a>, st. m., <i>boat, craft, ship</i>, <a href="#li211">211</a>.&mdash;Comp. sæ-bât.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbâtweard">bât-weard</a>, st. m., <i>boat-watcher, he who keeps watch over the
+craft.</i> dat. sg. -wearde, <a href="#li1901">1901</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbäth">bä&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>bath</i>: acc. sg. ofer ganotes bä&eth;, <i>over
+the diver's bath</i> (i.e. the sea), <a href="#li1862">1862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbärnan">bärnan</a>, w. v., <i>to cause to burn, to burn</i>: inf. hêt ...
+bânfatu bärnan, <i>bade that the bodies be burned</i>, <a href="#li1117">1117</a>; ongan ...
+beorht hofu bärnan, <i>began to consume the splendid country-seats</i>
+(the dragon), <a href="#li2314">2314</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-bärnan, w. v., <i>consume with fire</i>: inf. hy hine ne môston
+... brondefor-bärnan, <i>they</i> (the Danes) <i>could not burn
+him</i> (the dead Äschere) <i>upon the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li2127">2127</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbædan">bædan</a> (Goth, baidjan, O.N. be&eth;ia), <i>to incite, to
+encourage</i>: pret. bædde byre geonge, <i>encouraged the youths</i>
+(at the banquet), <a href="#li2019">2019</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebædan">bædan</a>, w. v., <i>to press hard</i>: pret. part. bysigum
+gebæded, <i>distressed by trouble, difficulty, danger</i> (of battle),
+<a href="#li2581">2581</a>; <i>to drive, to send forth</i>: stræla storm strengum gebæded,
+<i>the storm of arrows sent with strength</i>, <a href="#li3118">3118</a>; <i>overcome</i>:
+draca ... bealwe gebæded, <i>the dragon ... overcome by the ills of
+battle</i>, <a href="#li2827">2827</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbæl">bæl</a> (O.N. bâl), st. n., <i>fire, flames</i>: (wyrm) mid bæle fôr,
+<i>passed (through the air) with fire</i>, <a href="#li2309">2309</a>; häfde landwara lîge
+befangan, bæle and bronde, <i>with fire and burning</i>, <a href="#li2323">2323</a>.&mdash;Especially,
+<i>the fire of the funeral-pile, the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li1110">1110</a>, <a href="#li1117">1117</a>, <a href="#li2127">2127</a>; ær
+he bæl cure, <i>ere he sought the burning</i> (i.e. died), <a href="#li2819">2819</a>; hâta&eth; ...
+hlæw gewyrcean ... äfter bæle, <i>after I am burned, let a burial mound be
+thrown up</i> (Beówulf's words), <a href="#li2804">2804</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbælfýr">bæl-fýr</a>, st. n., <i>bale-fire, fire of the funeral-pile</i>:
+gen. pl. bælfýra mæst, <a href="#li3144">3144</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbælstede">bæl-stede</a>, st. m., <i>place for the funeral-pile</i>: dat. sg.
+in bæl=stede, <a href="#li3098">3098</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbælwudu">bæl-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>wood for the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li3113">3113</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbær">bær</a>, st. f., <i>bier</i>, <a href="#li3106">3106</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebæran">bæran</a>, w. v., <i>to conduct one's self, behave</i>: inf. w.
+adv., ne gefrägen ic &thorn;â mæg&eth;e ... sêl gebæran, <i>I did not hear that a
+troop bore itself better, maintained a nobler deportment</i>, <a href="#li1013">1013</a>; he
+on eor&eth;an geseah &thorn;one leófestan lîfes ät ende bleáte gebæran, <i>saw
+the best-beloved upon the earth, at the end of his life, struggling
+miserably</i> (i.e. in a helpless situation), <a href="#li2825">2825</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebætan">bætan</a> (denominative from bæte, <i>the bit</i>), w. v., <i>to
+place the bit in the mouth of an animal, to bridle</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â
+wäs Hrô&eth;gâre hors gebæted, <a href="#li1400">1400</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbe">be</a>, prep. w. dat. (with the fundamental meaning <i>near</i>,
+&quot;but not of one direction, as ät, but more general&quot;): 1) local,
+<i>near by, near, at, on</i> (rest): be ýdlâfe uppe lægon, <i>lay
+above, upon the deposit of the waves</i> (upon the strand, of the
+slain nixies), <a href="#li566">566</a>; häfde be honda, <i>held by the hand</i> (Beówulf
+held Grendel), <a href="#li815">815</a>; be sæm tweonum, <i>in the circuit of both the
+seas</i>, <a href="#li859">859</a>, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>; be mäste, <i>on the mast</i>, <a href="#li1906">1906</a>; by fýre,
+<i>by the fire</i>, <a href="#li2220">2220</a>; be nässe, <i>at the promontory</i>, <a href="#li2244">2244</a>;
+sät be &thorn;æm gebrô&eth;rum twæm, <i>sat by the two brothers</i>, <a href="#li1192">1192</a>; wäs
+se gryre lässa efne swâ micle swâ bi&eth; mäg&eth;a cräft be wæpnedmen, <i>the
+terror was just so much less, as is the strength of woman to the
+warrior</i> (i.e. is valued by), <a href="#li1285">1285</a>, etc.&mdash;2) also local, but of
+motion from the subject in the direction of the object, <i>on, upon,
+by</i>: gefêng be eaxle, <i>seized by the shoulder</i>, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; âlêdon
+leófne &thorn;eóden be mäste, <i>laid the dear lord near the mast</i>, <a href="#li36">36</a>;
+be healse genam, <i>took him by the neck, fell upon his neck</i>,
+<a href="#li1873">1873</a>; wæpen hafenade be hiltum, <i>grasped the weapon by the hilt</i>,
+<a href="#li1757">1757</a>, etc.&mdash;3) with this is connected the causal force, <i>on account
+of, for, according to</i>: ic &thorn;is gid be &thorn;e âwräc, <i>I spake this
+solemn speech for thee, for thy sake</i>, <a href="#li1724">1724</a>; &thorn;û &thorn;e lær be &thorn;on,
+<i>learn according to this, from this</i>, <a href="#li1723">1723</a>; be fäder lâre,
+<i>according to her father's direction</i>, <a href="#li1951">1951</a>.&mdash;4) temporal,
+<i>while, during</i>: be &thorn;e lifigendum, <i>while thou livest, during
+thy life</i>, <a href="#li2666">2666</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glbî">bî</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbed">bed</a>, st. n., <i>bed, couch</i>: acc. sg. bed, <a href="#li140">140</a>, <a href="#li677">677</a>; gen.
+sg. beddes, <a href="#li1792">1792</a>; dat. pl. beddum, <a href="#li1241">1241</a>.&mdash;Comp: dea&eth;-, hlin-, läger-,
+mor&eth;or-, wäl-bed.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebedde">bedde</a>, w. f., <i>bed-fellow</i>: dat. sg. wolde sêcan ewên
+tô gebeddan, <i>wished to seek the queen as bed-fellow, to go to bed
+with her</i>, <a href="#li666">666</a>.&mdash;Comp. heals-gebedde.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbegen">begen</a>, fem. <b>bâ</b>, <i>both</i>: nom. m., <a href="#li536">536</a>, <a href="#li770">770</a>, <a href="#li2708">2708</a>;
+acc. fem. on bâ healfa, <i>on two sides</i> (i.e. Grendel and his
+mother), <a href="#li1306">1306</a>; dat. m. bâm, <a href="#li2197">2197</a>; and in connection with the
+possessive instead of the personal pronoun, ûrum bâm, <a href="#li2661">2661</a>; gen. n.
+bega, <a href="#li1874">1874</a>, <a href="#li2896">2896</a>; bega gehwä&eth;res, <i>each one of the two</i>, <a href="#li1044">1044</a>;
+bega folces, of <i>both peoples</i>, <a href="#li1125">1125</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebelgan">belgan</a>, st. v. (properly, <i>to cause to swell, to
+swell</i>), <i>to irritate</i>: w. dat. (pret. subj.) &thorn;ät he êcean
+dryhtne bitre gebulge, <i>that he had bitterly angered the eternal
+Lord</i>, <a href="#li2332">2332</a>; pret. part. gebolgen, <a href="#li1540">1540</a>; (gebolge, MS.), <a href="#li2222">2222</a>; pl.
+gebolgne, <a href="#li1432">1432</a>; more according to the original meaning in torne
+gebolgen, <a href="#li2402">2402</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-belgan, <i>to anger</i>: pret. sg. w. acc. ô&eth; &thorn;ät hyne ân âbealh mon
+on môde, <i>till a man angered him in his heart</i>, <a href="#li2281">2281</a>; pret. part.
+âbolgen, <a href="#li724">724</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glben">ben</a>, st. f., <i>wound</i>: acc. sg. benne, <a href="#li2725">2725</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+feorh-, seax-ben.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbenc">benc</a>, st. f., <i>bench</i>: nom. sg. benc, <a href="#li492">492</a>; dat. sg. bence,
+<a href="#li327">327</a>, <a href="#li1014">1014</a>, <a href="#li1189">1189</a>, <a href="#li1244">1244</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ealu-, medu-benc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbencswêg">benc-swêg</a>, st. m., (<i>bench-rejoicing</i>), <i>rejoicing which
+resounds from the benches</i>, <a href="#li1162">1162</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbencthel">benc-&thorn;el</a>, st. n., <i>bench-board, the wainscotted space where
+the benches stand</i>: nom. pl. benc-&thorn;elu, <a href="#li486">486</a>; acc. pl. benc&thorn;elu
+beredon, <i>cleared the bench-boards</i> (i.e. by taking away the
+benches, so as to prepare couches), <a href="#li1240">1240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbend">bend</a>, st. m. f., <i>bond, fetter</i>: acc. sg. forstes bend,
+<i>frost's bond</i>, <a href="#li1610">1610</a>; dat. pl. bendum, <a href="#li978">978</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fýr-, hell-,
+hyge-, îren-, oncer-, searo-, wäl-bend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbengeat">ben-geat</a>, st. n., (<i>wound-gate</i>), <i>wound-opening</i>:
+nom. pl. ben-geato, <a href="#li1122">1122</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbera">bera</a> (O.N. beri), w. m., <i>bearer</i>: in comp. hleor-bera.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glberan">beran</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to carry</i>; III. sg. pres. byre&eth;, <a href="#li296">296</a>,
+<a href="#li448">448</a>; &thorn;one mâ&eth;&eth;um byre&eth;, <i>carries the treasure</i> (upon his person),
+<a href="#li2056">2056</a>; pres. subj. bere, <a href="#li437">437</a>; pl. beren, <a href="#li2654">2654</a>; inf. beran, <a href="#li48">48</a>, <a href="#li231">231</a>, <a href="#li291">291</a>,
+etc.; hêht &thorn;â se hearda Hrunting beran, <i>to bring Hrunting</i>, <a href="#li1808">1808</a>; up
+beran, <a href="#li1921">1921</a>; in beran, <a href="#li2153">2153</a>; pret. bär, <a href="#li495">495</a>, <a href="#li712">712</a>, <a href="#li847">847</a>, etc.; mandryhtne bär
+fäted wæge, <i>brought the lord the costly vessel</i>, <a href="#li2282">2282</a>; pl. bæron,
+<a href="#li213">213</a>, <a href="#li1636">1636</a>, etc.; bæran, <a href="#li2851">2851</a>; pret. part. boren, <a href="#li1193">1193</a>, <a href="#li1648">1648</a>, <a href="#li3136">3136</a>.&mdash;The
+following expressions are poetic paraphrases of the forms <i>go, come</i>:
+&thorn;ät we rondas beren eft tô earde, <a href="#li2654">2654</a>; gewîta&eth; for&eth; beran wæpen and
+gewædu, <a href="#li291">291</a>; ic gefrägn sunu Wihstânes hringnet beran, <a href="#li2755">2755</a>; wîgheafolan
+bär, <a href="#li2662">2662</a>; helmas bæron, <a href="#li240">240</a> (conjecture); scyldas bæran, <a href="#li2851">2851</a>: they lay
+stress upon the connection of the man with his weapons.</p>
+
+<p>ät-beran, <i>to carry to</i>: inf. tô beadulâce (<i>battle</i>) ätberan,
+<a href="#li1562">1562</a>; pret. &thorn;â hine on morgentîd on Hea&eth;oræmas holm up ätbär, <i>the sea
+bore him up to the Hea&eth;oræmas</i>, <a href="#li519">519</a>; hió Beówulfe medoful ätbär
+<i>brought Beówulf the mead-cup</i>, <a href="#li625">625</a>; mägenbyr&eth;enne ... hider ût ätbär
+cyninge mînum, <i>bore the great burden hither to my king</i>, <a href="#li3093">3093</a>; pl. hî
+hyne ätbæron tô brimes faro&eth;e, <a href="#li28">28</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-beran, <i>to hold, to suppress</i>: inf. &thorn;ät he &thorn;one breóstwylm
+forberan ne mehte, <i>that he could not suppress the emotions of his
+breast</i>, <a href="#li1878">1878</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-beran, <i>to bring forth, to bear</i>: pret. part. &thorn;ät lâ mäg
+secgan se &thorn;e sô&eth; and riht freme&eth; on folce ... &thorn;ät &thorn;es eorl wære geboren
+betera (<i>that may every just man of the people say, that this
+nobleman is better born</i>), <a href="#li1704">1704</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ô&eth;-beran, <i>to bring hither</i>: pret. &thorn;â mec sæ ô&eth;bär on Finna land,
+<a href="#li579">579</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonberan">on-beran</a> (O.H.G. in bëran, intpëran, but in the sense of
+carere), auferre, <i>to carry off, to take away</i>: inf. îren ærgôd
+&thorn;ät &thorn;äs ahlæcan blôdge beadufolme onberan wolde, <i>excellent sword
+which would sweep off the bloody hand of the demon</i>, <a href="#li991">991</a>; pret.
+part. (wäs) onboren beága hord, <i>the treasure of the rings had been
+carried off</i>, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>.&mdash;Compounds with the pres. part.: helm-,
+sâwl-berend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glberian">berian</a> (denominative from bär, <i>naked</i>), w. v., <i>to make
+bare, to clear</i>: pret. pl. benc&thorn;elu beredon, <i>cleared the
+bench-place</i> (by removing the benches), <a href="#li1240">1240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glberstan">berstan</a>, st. v., <i>to break, to burst</i>: pret. pl. burston
+bânlocan, <a href="#li819">819</a>; bengeato burston, <a href="#li1122">1122</a>.&mdash;<i>to crack, to make the noise
+of breaking</i>: fingras burston, <i>the fingers cracked</i> (from
+Beówulf's gripe), <a href="#li761">761</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-berstan, <i>break, to fly asunder</i>: pret. Nägling forbärst,
+<i>Nägling</i> (Beówulf's sword) <i>broke in two</i>, <a href="#li2681">2681</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbetera">betera</a>, adj. (comp.), <i>better</i>: nom. sg. m. betera, <a href="#li469">469</a>,
+<a href="#li1704">1704</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbetlîc">bet-lîc</a>, adj., <i>excellent, splendid</i>: nom. sg. n., of
+Hrô&eth;gâr's hall, <a href="#li781">781</a>; of Hygelâc's residence, <a href="#li1926">1926</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbetst">betst, betost</a> (superl.), <i>best, the best</i>: nom. sg. m.
+betst beadurinca, <a href="#li1110">1110</a>; neut. nu is ôfost betost, &thorn;ät we ..., <i>now is
+haste the best, that we...</i>, <a href="#li3008">3008</a>; voc. m. secg betsta, <a href="#li948">948</a>; neut.
+acc. beaduscrûda betst, <a href="#li453">453</a>; acc. sg. m. &thorn;egn betstan, <a href="#li1872">1872</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbêcn">bêcn</a>, st. n., <i>(beacon), token, mark, sign</i>: acc. sg.
+betimbredon beadu-rôfes bêcn (of Beówulf's grave-mound), <a href="#li3162">3162</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glbeacen">beacen</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbêg">bêg</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glbeág">beág</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbên">bên</a>, st. f., <i>entreaty</i>: gen. sg. bêne, <a href="#li428">428</a>, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbêna">bêna</a>, w. m., <i>suppliant</i>, supplex: nom. sg. swâ &thorn;u bêna
+eart (<i>as thou entreatest</i>), <a href="#li352">352</a>; swâ he bêna wäs (<i>as he had
+asked</i>), <a href="#li3141">3141</a>; nom. pl. hy bênan synt, <a href="#li364">364</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebetan:">betan:</a> 1) <i>to make good, to remove</i>: pret. ac &thorn;u
+Hrô&eth;gâre wîdcû&eth;ne weán wihte gebêttest, <i>hast thou in any way
+relieved Hrô&eth;gâr of the evil known afar</i>, <a href="#li1992">1992</a>; pret. part. acc.
+sg. swylce oncý&eth;&eth;e ealle gebêtte, <i>removed all trouble</i>, <a href="#li831">831</a>.
+&mdash;2) <i>to avenge</i>: inf. wihte ne meahte on &thorn;am feorhbonan fæh&eth;e
+gebêtan, <i>could in no way avenge the death upon the slayer</i>,
+<a href="#li2466">2466</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadu">beadu</a>, st. f., <i>battle, strife, combat</i>: dat. sg. (as
+instr.) beadwe, <i>in combat</i>, <a href="#li1540">1540</a>; gen. pl. bâd beadwa ge-&thorn;inges,
+<i>waited for the combats</i> (with Grendel) <i>that were in store for
+him</i>, <a href="#li710">710</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadufolm">beadu-folm</a>, st. f., <i>battle-hand</i>: acc. sg. -folme, of
+Grendel's hand, <a href="#li991">991</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadogrîma">beado-grîma</a>, w. m., <i>(battle-mask), helmet</i>: acc. pl.
+-grîman, <a href="#li2258">2258</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadohrägl">beado-hrägl</a>, st. n., <i>(battle-garment), corselet, shirt of
+mail</i>, <a href="#li552">552</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadulâc">beadu-lâc</a>, st. n., (<i>exercise in arms, tilting</i>),
+<i>combat, battle</i>: dat. sg. tô beadu-lâce, <a href="#li1562">1562</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadoleóma">beado-leóma</a>, w. m., (<i>battle-light</i>), <i>sword</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1524">1524</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadomêce">beado-mêce</a>, st. m., <i>battle-sword</i>: nom. pl. beado-mêcas,
+<a href="#li1455">1455</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadorinc">beado-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>battle-hero, warrior</i>: gen. pl. betst
+beadorinca, <a href="#li1110">1110</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadurôf">beadu-rôf</a>, adj., <i>strong in battle</i>: gen. sg. -rôfes, of
+Beówulf, <a href="#li3162">3162</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadurûn">beadu-rûn</a>, st. f., <i>mystery of battle</i>: acc. sg. onband
+beadu-rûne, <i>solved the mystery of the combat</i>, i.e. gave battle,
+commenced the fight, <a href="#li501">501</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeaduscearp">beadu-scearp</a>, adj., <i>battle-sharp, sharp for the battle</i>,
+<a href="#li2705">2705</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeaduscrûd">beadu-scrûd</a>, st. n., (<i>battle-dress</i>), <i>corselet, shirt
+of mail</i>: gen. pl. beaduscrûda betst, <a href="#li453">453</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeaduserce">beadu-serce</a>, w. f., (<i>battle-garment</i>), <i>corselet, shirt
+of mail</i>: acc. sg. brogdne beadu-sercean (because it consists of
+interlaced metal rings), <a href="#li2756">2756</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeadoweorc">beado-weorc</a>, st. n., (<i>battle-work</i>), <i>battle</i>: gen.
+sg. gefeh beado-weorces, <i>rejoiced at the battle</i>, <a href="#li2300">2300</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeald">beald</a>, adj., <i>bold, brave</i>: in comp. cyning-beald.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealdian">bealdian</a>, w. v., <i>to show one's self brave</i>: pret.
+bealdode gôdum dædum (<i>through brave deeds</i>), <a href="#li2178">2178</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealdor">bealdor</a>, st. m., <i>lord, prince</i>: nom. sg. sinca baldor,
+<a href="#li2429">2429</a>; winia bealdor, <a href="#li2568">2568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealu">bealu</a>, st. n., <i>evil, ruin, destruction</i>: instr. sg.
+bealwe, <a href="#li2827">2827</a>; gen. pl. bealuwa, <a href="#li281">281</a>; bealewa, <a href="#li2083">2083</a>; bealwa,
+<a href="#li910">910</a>.&mdash;Comp.: cwealm-, ealdor-, hre&eth;er-, leód-, mor&eth;or-, niht-,
+sweord-, wîg-bealu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealu">bealu</a>, adj., <i>deadly, dangerous, bad</i>: instr. sg. hyne sâr
+hafa&eth; befongen balwon bendum, <i>pain has entwined him in deadly
+bands</i>, <a href="#li978">978</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealocwealm">bealo-cwealm</a>, st. m., <i>violent death, death by the
+sword</i>(?), <a href="#li2266">2266</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealohycgende">bealo-hycgende</a>, pres. part., <i>thinking of death, meditating
+destruction</i>: gen. pl. æghwä&eth;rum bealo-hycgendra, <a href="#li2566">2566</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealohydig">bealo-hydig</a>, adj., <i>thinking of death, meditating
+destruction</i>: of Grendel, <a href="#li724">724</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbealonîth">bealo-nî&eth;</a>, st. m., (<i>zeal for destruction</i>), <i>deadly
+enmity</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2405">2405</a>; <i>destructive struggle</i>: acc. sg.
+bebeorh &thorn;e &thorn;one bealonî&eth;, <i>beware of destructive striving</i>, <a href="#li1759">1759</a>;
+<i>death-bringing rage</i>: nom. sg. him on breóstum bealo-nî&eth; weóll,
+<i>in his breast raged deadly fury</i> (of the dragon's poison), <a href="#li2715">2715</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbearhtm">bearhtm</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glbeorht">beorht</a>): 1) st. m., <i>splendor,
+brightness, clearness</i>: nom. sg. eágena bearhtm, <a href="#li1767">1767</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>sound, tone</i>: acc. sg. bearhtm ongeâton, gû&eth;horn galan, <i>they
+heard the sound, (heard) the battle-horn sound</i>, <a href="#li1432">1432</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbearm">bearm</a>, m., gremium, sinus, <i>lap, bosom</i>: nom. sg. foldan
+bearm, <a href="#li1138">1138</a>; acc. sg. on bearm scipes, <a href="#li35">35</a>, <a href="#li897">897</a>; on bearm nacan, <a href="#li214">214</a>;
+him on bearm hladan bunan and discas, <a href="#li2776">2776</a>.&mdash;2)
+figuratively, <i>possession, property</i>, because things bestowed were
+placed in the lap of the receiver (<a href="#li1145">1145</a> and <a href="#li2195">2195</a>, on bearm licgan,
+âlecgan); dat. sg. him tô bearme cwom mâ&eth;&eth;umfät mære, <i>came into his
+possession</i>, <a href="#li2405">2405</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbearn">bearn</a>, st. n., 1) <i>child, son</i>: nom. sg. bearn
+Healfdenes, <a href="#li469">469</a>, etc.; Ecglâfes bearn, <a href="#li499">499</a>, etc.; dat. sg. bearne,
+<a href="#li2371">2371</a>; nom. pl. bearn, <a href="#li59">59</a>; dat. pl. bearnum, <a href="#li1075">1075</a>.&mdash;2) in a broader
+sense, <i>scion, offspring, descendant</i>: nom. sg. Ongen&thorn;eów's
+bearn, of his grandson, <a href="#li2388">2388</a>; nom. pl. yldo. bearn, <a href="#li70">70</a>; gumena bearn,
+<i>children of men</i>, <a href="#li879">879</a>; häle&eth;a bearn, <a href="#li1190">1190</a>; ä&eth;elinga bearn, <a href="#li3172">3172</a>; acc.
+pl. ofer ylda bearn, <a href="#li606">606</a>; dat. pl. ylda bearnum, <a href="#li150">150</a>; gen. pl. ni&eth;&eth;a
+bearna, <a href="#li1006">1006</a>.&mdash;Comp.: brô&eth;or-, dryht-bearn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbearngebyrdu">bearn-gebyrdu</a>, f., <i>birth, birth of a son</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;ät hyre
+ealdmetod êste wære bearn-gebyrdo, <i>has been gracious through the birth
+of such a son</i> (i.e. as Beówulf), <a href="#li947">947</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbearu">bearu</a>, st. m., (<i>the bearer</i>, hence properly only the
+fruit-tree, especially the oak and the beech), <i>tree</i>, collectively
+<i>forest</i>: nom. pl. hrîmge bearwas, <i>rime-covered</i> or
+<i>ice-clad</i>, <a href="#li1364">1364</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeácen">beácen</a>, st. n., <i>sign, banner</i>, vexillum: nom. sg. beorht
+beácen godes, <i>of the sun</i>, <a href="#li570">570</a>; gen. pl. beácna beorhtost, <a href="#li2778">2778</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glbêcn">bêcn</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebeácnian">beácnian</a>, w. v., <i>to mark, to indicate</i>: pret. part.
+ge-beácnod, <a href="#li140">140</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeág">beág</a>, st. m., <i>ring, ornament</i>: nom. sg. beáh
+(<i>neck-ring</i>), <a href="#li1212">1212</a>; acc. sg. beáh (the collar of the murdered
+king of the Hea&eth;obeardnas), <a href="#li2042">2042</a>; bêg (collective for the acc. pl.),
+<a href="#li3165">3165</a>; dat. sg. cwom Wealh&thorn;eó for&eth; gân under gyldnum beáge, <i>she
+walked along under a golden head-ring, wore a golden diadem</i>, <a href="#li1164">1164</a>;
+gen. sg. beáges (of a collar), <a href="#li1217">1217</a>; acc. pl. beágas (rings in
+general), <a href="#li80">80</a>, <a href="#li523">523</a>, etc.; gen. pl. beága, <a href="#li35">35</a>, <a href="#li352">352</a>, <a href="#li1488">1488</a>, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>, etc.&mdash;
+Comp.: earm-, heals-beág.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeággyfa">beág-gyfa</a>, w. m., <i>ring-giver</i>, designation of the prince:
+gen. sg. -gyfan, <a href="#li1103">1103</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeághroden">beág-hroden</a>, adj., <i>adorned with rings, ornamented with
+clasps</i>: nom. sg. beághroden, cwên, of Hrô&eth;gâr's consort, perhaps
+with reference to her diadem (cf. <a href="#li1164">1164</a>, <a href="#li624">624</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeáhhord">beáh-hord</a>, st. m. n., <i>ring-hoard, treasure consisting of
+rings</i>: gen. sg. beáh-hordes, <a href="#li895">895</a>; dat. pl. beáh-hordum, <a href="#li2827">2827</a>; gen.
+pl. beáh-horda weard, of King Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li922">922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeáhsele">beáh-sele</a>, st. m., <i>ring-hall, hall in which the rings were
+distributed</i>: nom. sg., of Heorot, <a href="#li1178">1178</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeáhthegu">beáh-&thorn;egu</a>, st. f., <i>the receiving of the ring</i>: dat. sg.
+äfter beáh-&thorn;ege, <a href="#li2177">2177</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeáhwritha">beáh-wri&eth;a</a>, w. m. <i>ring-band</i>, ring with prominence given
+to its having the form of a band: acc. sg. beáh-wri&eth;an, <a href="#li2019">2019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeám">beám</a>, st. m., <i>tree</i>, only in the compounds fyrgen-,
+gleó-beám.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeátan">beátan</a>, st. v., <i>thrust, strike</i>: pres. sg. mearh
+burhstede beáte&eth;, <i>the steed beats the castle-ground</i> (place
+where the castle is built), i.e. with his hoofs, <a href="#li2266">2266</a>; pret. part.
+swealt bille ge-beáten, <i>died, struck by the battle-axe</i>, <a href="#li2360">2360</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorh">beorh</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>mountain, rock</i>: dat. sg. beorge, <a href="#li211">211</a>;
+gen. sg. beorges, <a href="#li2525">2525</a>, <a href="#li2756">2756</a>; acc. pl. beorgas,
+<a href="#li222">222</a>.&mdash;2) <i>grave-mound, tomb-hill</i>: acc. sg. biorh, <a href="#li2808">2808</a>; beorh,
+<a href="#li3098">3098</a>, <a href="#li3165">3165</a>. A grave-mound serves the drake as a retreat (cf. <a href="#li2277">2277</a>,
+<a href="#li2412">2412</a>): nom. sg. beorh, <a href="#li2242">2242</a>; gen. sg. beorges, <a href="#li2323">2323</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+stân-beorh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorh">beorh</a>, st. f., <i>veil, covering, cap</i>; only in the comp.
+heáfod-beorh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorgan">beorgan</a>, st. v. (w. dat. of the interested person or thing),
+<i>to save, to shield</i>: inf. wolde feore beorgan, <i>place her life
+in safety</i>, <a href="#li1294">1294</a>; here-byrne ... seó &thorn;e bâncôfan beorgan cû&eth;e,
+<i>which could protect his body</i>, <a href="#li1446">1446</a>; pret. pl. ealdre burgan,
+<a href="#li2600">2600</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-beorgan (w. dat. refl. of pers. and acc. of the thing), <i>to take
+care, to defend one's self from</i>: inf. him be-beorgan ne con wom,
+<i>cannot keep himself from stain</i> (fault), <a href="#li1747">1747</a>; imp. bebeorh &thorn;e
+&thorn;one bealont&eth;, <a href="#li1759">1759</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-beorgan (w, dat. of person or thing to be saved), <i>to save, to
+protect</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät gebearh feore, <i>protected the life</i>,
+<a href="#li1549">1549</a>; scyld wel gebearg lîfe and lîce, <a href="#li2571">2571</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymb-beorgan, <i>to surround protectingly</i>: pret. sg. bring ûtan
+ymb-bearh, <a href="#li1504">1504</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorht">beorht, byrht</a>, adj.: 1) <i>gleaming, shining, radiant,
+shimmering</i>: nom. sg. beorht, of the sun, <a href="#li570">570</a>, <a href="#li1803">1803</a>; beorhta, of
+Heorot, <a href="#li1178">1178</a>; &thorn;ät beorhte bold, <a href="#li998">998</a>; acc. sg. beorhtne, of Beówulf's
+grave-mound, <a href="#li2804">2804</a>; dat. sg. tô &thorn;ære byrhtan (here-byrhtan, MS.) byrig,
+<a href="#li1200">1200</a>; acc. pl. beorhte frätwe, <a href="#li214">214</a>, <a href="#li897">897</a>; beorhte randas, <a href="#li231">231</a>; bordwudu
+beorhtan, <a href="#li1244">1244</a>; n. beorht hofu, <a href="#li2314">2314</a>. Superl.: beácna beorhtost, <a href="#li2778">2778</a>.
+&mdash;2) <i>excellent, remarkable</i>: gen. sg. beorhtre bôte, <a href="#li158">158</a>.
+&mdash;Comp.: sadol-, wlite-beorht.</p>
+
+<p>beorhte, adv., <i>brilliantly, brightly, radiantly</i>, <a href="#li1518">1518</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorhtian">beorhtian</a>, w. v., <i>to sound clearly</i>: pret. sg. beorhtode
+benc-swêg, <a href="#li1162">1162</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorn">beorn</a>, st. m., <i>hero, warrior, noble man</i>: nom. sg.
+(Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li1881">1881</a>, (Beówulf), <a href="#li2434">2434</a>, etc.; acc. sg. (Beów.), <a href="#li1025">1025</a>,
+(Äschere), <a href="#li1300">1300</a>; dat. sg. beorne, <a href="#li2261">2261</a>; nom. pl. beornas (Beówulf and
+his companions), <a href="#li211">211</a>, (Hrô&eth;gâr's guests), <a href="#li857">857</a>; gen. pl. biorna
+(Beówulf's liege-men), <a href="#li2405">2405</a>.&mdash;Comp.: folc-, gû&eth;-beorn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeornan">beornan</a>, st. v., <i>to burn</i>: pres. part. byrnende (of the
+drake), <a href="#li2273">2273</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-byrnende.</p>
+
+<p>for-beornan, <i>to be consumed, to burn</i>: pret. sg. for-barn, <a href="#li1617">1617</a>,
+<a href="#li1668">1668</a>; for-born, <a href="#li2673">2673</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-beornan, <i>to be burned</i>: pret. gebarn, <a href="#li2698">2698</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeorncyning">beorn-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king of warriors, king of heroes</i>:
+nom. sg. (as voc.), <a href="#li2149">2149</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeódan">beódan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to announce, to inform, to make
+known</i>: inf. biódan, <a href="#li2893">2893</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to offer, to proffer</i> (as the
+notifying of a transaction in direct reference to the person concerned
+in it): pret. pl. him ge&thorn;ingo budon, <i>offered them an agreement</i>,
+<a href="#li1086">1086</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs æht boden Sweona leódum, <i>then was pursuit
+offered the Swedish people</i>, <a href="#li2958">2958</a>; inf. ic &thorn;äm gôdan sceal mâ&eth;mas
+beódan, <i>I shall offer the excellent man treasures</i>, <a href="#li385">385</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-beódan, <i>to present, to announce</i>: pret. word inne âbeád,
+<i>made known the words within</i>, <a href="#li390">390</a>; <i>to offer, to tender, to
+wish</i>: pret. him hæl âbeád, <i>wished him health</i> (greeted him),
+<a href="#li654">654</a>. Similarly, hælo âbeád, <a href="#li2419">2419</a>; eoton weard âbeád, <i>offered the
+giant a watcher</i>, <a href="#li669">669</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-beódan, <i>to command, to order</i>: pret. swâ him se hearda
+bebeád, <i>as the strong man commanded them</i>, <a href="#li401">401</a>. Similarly, swâ
+se rîca bebeád, <a href="#li1976">1976</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-beódan: 1) <i>to command, to order</i>: inf. hêt &thorn;â gebeódan byre
+Wihstânes häle&eth;a monegum, &thorn;ät hie..., <i>the son of Wihstan caused
+orders to be given to many of the men...</i>, <a href="#li3111">3111</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+offer</i>: him Hygd gebeád hord and rîce, <i>offered him the treasure
+and the chief power</i>, <a href="#li2370">2370</a>; inf. gû&eth;e gebeódan, <i>to offer
+battle</i>, <a href="#li604">604</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeódgeneát">beód-geneát</a>, st. m., <i>table-companion</i>: nom. and acc. pl.
+geneátas, <a href="#li343">343</a>, <a href="#li1714">1714</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeón">beón</a>, verb, <i>to be</i>, generally in the future sense,
+<i>will be</i>: pres. sg. I. gû&eth;geweorca ic beó gearo sôna, <i>I shall
+immediately be ready for warlike deeds</i>, <a href="#li1826">1826</a>; sg. III. wâ bi&eth; &thorn;äm
+&thorn;e sceal..., <i>woe to him who</i>...! <a href="#li183">183</a>; so, <a href="#li186">186</a>; gife&eth;e bi&eth; is
+given, <a href="#li299">299</a>; ne bi&eth; &thorn;e wilna gâd (<i>no wish will be denied thee</i>),
+<a href="#li661">661</a>; &thorn;ær &thorn;e bi&eth; manna &thorn;earf, <i>if thou shalt need the warriors</i>,
+<a href="#li1836">1836</a>; ne bi&eth; swylc cwênlîc &thorn;eáw, <i>is not becoming, honorable to a
+woman</i>, <a href="#li1941">1941</a>; eft sôna bi&eth; <i>will happen directly</i>, <a href="#li1763">1763</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li1768">1768</a>, etc.; pl. &thorn;onne bió&eth; brocene, <i>then are broken</i>,
+<a href="#li2064">2064</a>; feor cý&eth;&eth;e beó&eth; sêlran gesôhte &thorn;am &thorn;e..., &quot;terrae longinquae
+meliores sunt visitatu ei qui...&quot; (Grein), <a href="#li1839">1839</a>; imp. beó (bió) &thorn;u on
+ôfeste, <i>hasten!</i> <a href="#li386">386</a>, <a href="#li2748">2748</a>; beó wi&eth; Geátas gläd, <i>be gracious
+to the Geátas</i>, <a href="#li1174">1174</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeór">beór</a>, st. n., <i>beer</i>: dat. sg. ät beóre, <i>at
+beer-drinking</i>, <a href="#li2042">2042</a>; instr. sg. beóre druncen, <a href="#li531">531</a>; beóre druncne,
+<a href="#li480">480</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeórscealc">beór-scealc</a>, st. m., <i>keeper of the beer, cup-bearer</i>:
+gen. pl. beór-scealca sum (one of Hrô&eth;gâr's followers, because they
+served the Geátas at meals), <a href="#li1241">1241</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeórsele">beór-sele</a>, st. m., <i>beer-hall, hall in which beer is
+drunk</i>: dat. sg. in (on) beórsele, <a href="#li482">482</a>, <a href="#li492">492</a>, <a href="#li1095">1095</a>; biórsele, <a href="#li2636">2636</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeórthegu">beór-&thorn;egu</a>, st. f., <i>beer-drinking, beer-banquet</i>: dat. sg.
+äfter beór&thorn;ege, <a href="#li117">117</a>; ät &thorn;ære beór&thorn;ege, <a href="#li618">618</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeót">beót</a>, st. n., <i>promise, binding agreement to something that
+is to be undertaken</i>: acc. sg. he beót ne âlêh, <i>did not break
+his pledge</i>, <a href="#li80">80</a>; beót eal ... gelæste, <i>performed all that he had
+pledged himself to</i>, <a href="#li523">523</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebeótian">beótian</a>, w. v., <i>to pledge one's self to an undertaking,
+to bind one's self</i>: pret. gebeótedon, <a href="#li480">480</a>, <a href="#li536">536</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbeótword">beót-word</a>, st. n., same as beót: dat. pl. beót-wordum spräc,
+<a href="#li2511">2511</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbiddan">biddan</a>, st. v., <i>to beg, to ask, to pray</i>: pres. sg. I.
+dô&eth; swâ ic bidde! <a href="#li1232">1232</a>; inf. (w. acc. of the pers. and gen. of the
+thing asked for) ic &thorn;e biddan wille ânre bêne, <i>beg thee for
+one</i>, <a href="#li427">427</a>; pret. swâ he selfa bäd, <i>as he himself had
+requested</i>, <a href="#li29">29</a>; bäd hine blî&eth;ne (supply wesan) ät &thorn;ære beór&thorn;ege,
+<i>begged him to be cheerful at the beer-banquet</i>, <a href="#li618">618</a>; ic &thorn;e lange
+bäd &thorn;ät &thorn;u..., <i>begged you a long time that you</i>, <a href="#li1995">1995</a>;
+frio&eth;owære bäd hlâford sînne, <i>begged his lord for protection</i>
+(acc. of pers. and gen. of thing), <a href="#li2283">2283</a>; bäd &thorn;ät ge geworhton,
+<i>asked that you</i>..., <a href="#li3097">3097</a>; pl. wordum bædon &thorn;ät..., <a href="#li176">176</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glonbidian">bidian</a>, w. v., <i>to await</i>: inf. læta&eth; hilde-bord her
+onbidian ... worda ge&thorn;inges, <i>let the shields await here the result
+of the conference</i> (lay the shields aside here), <a href="#li397">397</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbil">bil</a>, st. n. <i>sword</i>: nom. sg. bil, <a href="#li1568">1568</a>; bill, <a href="#li2778">2778</a>; acc.
+sg. bil, <a href="#li1558">1558</a>; instr. sg. bille, <a href="#li2360">2360</a>; gen. sg. billes, <a href="#li2061">2061</a>, etc.;
+instr. pl. billum, <a href="#li40">40</a>; gen. pl. billa, <a href="#li583">583</a>, <a href="#li1145">1145</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gû&eth;-,
+hilde-, wîg-bil.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbindan">bindan</a>, st. v., <i>to bind, to tie</i>: pret. part. acc. sg.
+wudu bundenne, <i>the bound wood</i>, i.e. the built ship, <a href="#li216">216</a>; bunden
+golde swurd, <i>a sword bound with gold</i>, i.e. either having its
+hilt inlaid with gold, or having gold chains upon the hilt (swords of
+both kinds have been found), <a href="#li1901">1901</a>; nom. sg. heoru bunden, <a href="#li1286">1286</a>, has
+probably a similar meaning.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bindan, <i>to bind</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ær ic fîfe geband, <i>where I
+had bound five</i>(?), <a href="#li420">420</a>; pret. part. cyninges &thorn;egn word ô&eth;er fand
+sô&eth;e gebunden, <i>the king's man found</i> (after many had already
+praised Beówulf's deed) <i>other words</i> (also referring to Beówulf,
+but in connection with Sigemund) <i>rightly bound together</i>, i.e.
+in good alliterative verses, as are becoming to a gid, <a href="#li872">872</a>; wundenmæl
+wrättum gebunden, <i>sword bound with ornaments</i>, i.e. inlaid,
+<a href="#li1532">1532</a>; bisgum gebunden, <i>bound together by sorrow</i>, <a href="#li1744">1744</a>; gomel
+gû&eth;wîga eldo gebunden, <i>hoary hero bound by old age</i> (fettered,
+oppressed), <a href="#li2112">2112</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-bindan, <i>to unbind, to untie, to loose</i>: pret. onband, <a href="#li501">501</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebind">bind</a>, st. n. coll., <i>that which binds, fetters</i>: in
+comp. îs-gebind.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbite">bite</a>, st. m., <i>bite</i>, figuratively of the cut of the
+sword: acc. sg. bite îrena, <i>the swords' bite</i>, <a href="#li2260">2260</a>; dat. sg.
+äfter billes bite, <a href="#li2061">2061</a>.&mdash;Comp. lâ&eth;-bite.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbiter">biter</a> (primary meaning that of biting), adj.: 1) <i>sharp,
+cutting, cutting in</i>: acc. sg. biter (of a short sword), <a href="#li2705">2705</a>;
+instr. sg. biteran stræle, <a href="#li1747">1747</a>; instr. pl. biteran bânum, <i>with
+sharp teeth</i>, <a href="#li2693">2693</a>.&mdash;2) <i>irritated, furious</i>: nom. pl. bitere,
+<a href="#li1432">1432</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbitre">bitre</a>, adv., <i>bitterly</i> (in a moral sense), <a href="#li2332">2332</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbî">bî, big</a> (fuller form of the prep. be, which see), prep. w.
+dat.: 1) <i>near, at, on, about, by</i> (as under be, No. 1): bî sæm
+tweónum, <i>in the circuit of both seas</i>, <a href="#li1957">1957</a>; ârâs bî ronde,
+<i>raised himself up by the shield</i>, <a href="#li2539">2539</a>; bî wealle gesät, <i>sat
+by the wall</i>, <a href="#li2718">2718</a>. With a freer position: him big stôdan bunan and
+orcas, <i>round about him</i>, <a href="#li3048">3048</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to, towards</i> (motion):
+hwearf &thorn;â bî bence, <i>turned then towards the bench</i>, <a href="#li1189">1189</a>; geóng
+bî sesse, <i>went to the seat</i>, <a href="#li2757">2757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbîd">bîd</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glbîdan">bîdan</a>), st. n., <i>tarrying hesitation</i>: &thorn;ær
+wear&eth; Ongen&thorn;ió on bîd wrecen, <i>forced to tarry</i>, <a href="#li2963">2963</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbîdan">bîdan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to delay, to stay, to remain, to wait</i>:
+inf. nô on wealle leng bîdan wolde, <i>would not stay longer within
+the wall</i> (the drake), <a href="#li2309">2309</a>; pret. in &thorn;ýstrum bâd, <i>remained in
+darkness</i>, <a href="#li87">87</a>; flota stille bâd, <i>the craft lay still</i>, <a href="#li301">301</a>;
+receda ... on &thorn;äm se rîca bâd, <i>where the mighty one dwelt</i>, <a href="#li310">310</a>;
+&thorn;ær se snottra bâd, <i>where the wise man</i> (Hrô&eth;gâr) <i>waited</i>,
+<a href="#li1314">1314</a>; he on searwum bâd, <i>he</i> (Beówulf) <i>stood there armed</i>,
+<a href="#li2569">2569</a>; ic on earde bâd mælgesceafta, <i>lived upon the paternal ground
+the time appointed me by fate</i>, <a href="#li2737">2737</a>; pret. pl. sume &thorn;ær bidon,
+<i>some remained, waited there</i>, <a href="#li400">400</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to await, to wait
+for</i>, with the gen. of that which is awaited: inf. bîdan woldon
+Grendles gû&eth;e, <i>wished to await the combat with Grendel, to
+undertake it</i>, <a href="#li482">482</a>; similarly, <a href="#li528">528</a>; wîges bîdan, <i>await the
+combat</i>, <a href="#li1269">1269</a>; nalas andsware bîdan wolde, <i>would await no
+answer</i>, <a href="#li1495">1495</a>; pret. bâd beadwa ge&thorn;inges, <i>awaited the event of
+the battle</i>, <a href="#li710">710</a>; sægenga bâd âgend-freán, <i>the sea-goer</i>
+(boat) <i>awaited its owner</i>, <a href="#li1883">1883</a>; sele ... hea&eth;owylma bâd, lâ&eth;an
+lîges (the poet probably means to indicate by these words that the
+hall Heorot was destroyed later in a fight by fire; an occurrence,
+indeed, about which we know nothing, but which <a href="#li1165">1165</a> and <a href="#li1166">1166</a>, and
+again <a href="#li2068">2068</a> ff. seem to indicate), <a href="#li82">82</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-bîdan, <i>to await</i>, with the gen.: inf., <a href="#li978">978</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bîdan: 1) <i>to tarry, to wait</i>: imp. gebîde ge on beorge,
+<i>wait ye on the mountain</i>, <a href="#li2530">2530</a>; pret. part. &thorn;eáh &thorn;e wintra lyt
+under burhlocan gebiden häbbe Häre&eth;es dôhtor <i>although H's daughter
+had dwelt only a few years in the castle</i>, <a href="#li1929">1929</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to live
+through, to experience, to expect</i> (w. acc.): inf. sceal endedäg
+mînne gebîdan, <i>shall live my last day</i>, <a href="#li639">639</a>; ne wênde ... bôte
+gebîdan, <i>did not hope ... to live to see reparation</i>, <a href="#li935">935</a>; fela
+sceal gebîdan leófes and lâ&eth;es, <i>experience much good and much
+affliction</i>, <a href="#li1061">1061</a>; ende gebîdan, <a href="#li1387">1387</a>, <a href="#li2343">2343</a>; pret. he &thorn;äs frôfre
+gebâd, <i>received consolation</i> (compensation) <i>therefore</i>, <a href="#li7">7</a>;
+gebâd wintra worn, <i>lived a great number of years</i>, <a href="#li264">264</a>; in a
+similar construction, <a href="#li816">816</a>, <a href="#li930">930</a>, <a href="#li1619">1619</a>, <a href="#li2259">2259</a>, <a href="#li3117">3117</a>. With gen.: inf. tô
+gebîdanne ô&eth;res yrfeweardes, <i>to await another heir</i>, <a href="#li2453">2453</a>. With
+depend, clause: inf. tô gebîdanne &thorn;ät his byre rîde on galgan, <i>to
+live to see it, that his son hang upon the gallows</i>, <a href="#li2446">2446</a>; pret.
+dreám-leás gebâd &thorn;ät he..., <i>joyless he experienced it, that
+he</i>..., <a href="#li1721">1721</a>; &thorn;äs &thorn;e ic on aldre gebâd &thorn;ät ic..., <i>for this, that
+I, in my old age, lived to see that</i>..., <a href="#li1780">1780</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-bîdan, <i>to wait, to await</i>: pret. hordweard onbâd earfo&eth;lîce
+ô&eth; &thorn;ät æfen cwom, <i>scarcely waited, could scarcely delay till it was
+evening</i>, <a href="#li2303">2303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbîtan">bîtan</a>, st. v., <i>to bite</i>, of the cutting of swords: inf.
+bîtan, <a href="#li1455">1455</a>, <a href="#li1524">1524</a>; pret. bât bânlocan, <i>bit into his body</i>
+(Grendel), <a href="#li743">743</a>; bât unswî&eth;or, <i>cut with less force</i> (Beówulf's
+sword), <a href="#li2579">2579</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblanca">blanca</a>, w. m., properly <i>that which shines</i> here of the
+horse, not so much of the white horse as the dappled: dat. pl. on
+blancum, <a href="#li857">857</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebland">bland</a>, ge-<b>blond</b>, st. n., <i>mixture, heaving mass, a
+turning</i>.&mdash;Comp.: sund-, ý&eth;-geblond, windblond.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblandenfeax">blanden-feax, blonden-feax</a>, adj., <i>mixed</i>, i.e. having
+gray hair, <i>gray-headed</i>, as epithet of an old man: nom. sg.
+blondenfeax, <a href="#li1792">1792</a>; blondenfexa, <a href="#li2963">2963</a>; dat. sg. blondenfeaxum, <a href="#li1874">1874</a>;
+nom. pl. blondenfeaxe, <a href="#li1595">1595</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbläc">bläc</a>, adj., <i>dark, black</i>: nom. sg, hrefn blaca, <a href="#li1802">1802</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblâc">blâc</a>, adj.: 1) <i>gleaming, shining</i>: acc. sg. blâcne
+leóman, <i>a brilliant gleam</i>, <a href="#li1518">1518</a>.&mdash;2) of the white death-color,
+<i>pale</i>; in comp. heoroblâc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblæd">blæd</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>strength, force, vigor</i>: nom. sg. wäs hira
+blæd scacen (of both tribes), <i>strength was gone</i>, i.e. the
+bravest of both tribes lay slain, <a href="#li1125">1125</a>; nu is &thorn;înes mägnes blæd âne
+hwîle, <i>now the fulness of thy strength lasts for a time</i>,
+<a href="#li1762">1762</a>.&mdash;2) <i>reputation, renown, knowledge</i> (with stress upon the
+idea of filling up, spreading out): nom. sg. blæd, <a href="#li18">18</a>; (&thorn;în) blæd is
+âræred, <i>thy renown is spread abroad</i>, <a href="#li1704">1704</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblædâgend">blæd-âgend</a>, pt., <i>having renown, renowned</i>: nom. pl.
+blæd-âgende, <a href="#li1014">1014</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblædfäst">blæd-fäst</a>, adj., <i>firm in renown, renowned, known afar</i>:
+acc. sg. blædfästne beorn (of Äschere, with reference to <a href="#li1329">1329</a>, <a href="#li1300">1300</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbleát">bleát</a>, adj., <i>miserable, helpless</i>; only in comp.
+wäl-bleát.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbleáte">bleáte</a>, adv., <i>miserably, helplessly</i>, <a href="#li2825">2825</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblîcan">blîcan</a>, st. v., <i>shine, gleam</i>: inf., 222</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblîthe">blî&eth;e</a>, adj.: 1) <i>blithe, joyous, happy</i> acc. sg. blî&eth;ne,
+<a href="#li618">618</a>.&mdash;2) <i>gracious, pleasing</i>: nom. sg. blî&eth;e, <a href="#li436">436</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+un-blî&eth;e.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblîthheort">blî&eth;-heort</a>, adj., <i>joyous in heart, happy</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1803">1803</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblôd">blôd</a>, st. n., <i>blood</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1122">1122</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li743">743</a>; dat.
+sg. blôde, <a href="#li848">848</a>; äfter deórum men him langa&eth; beorn wi&eth; blôde, <i>the
+hero</i> (Hrô&eth;gâr) <i>longs for the beloved man contrary to blood</i>,
+i.e. he loves him although he is not related to him by blood, <a href="#li1881">1881</a>;
+dat. as instr. blôde, <a href="#li486">486</a>, <a href="#li935">935</a>, <a href="#li1595">1595</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblôdfâg">blôd-fâg</a>, adj., <i>spotted with blood, bloody</i>, <a href="#li2061">2061</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblôdig">blôdig</a>, adj., <i>bloody</i>: acc. sg. f. blôdge, <a href="#li991">991</a>; acc. sg.
+n. blôdig, <a href="#li448">448</a>; instr. sg. blôdigan gâre, <a href="#li2441">2441</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeblôdian">blôdian</a>, w. v., <i>to make bloody, to sprinkle with
+blood</i>: pret. part. ge-blôdegod, <a href="#li2693">2693</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblôdigtôth">blôdig-tô&eth;</a>, adj., <i>with bloody teeth</i>: nom. sg. bona
+blôdig-tô&eth; (of Grendel, because he bites his victims to death), <a href="#li2083">2083</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glblôdreów">blôd-reów</a>, adj., <i>bloodthirsty, bloody-minded</i>: nom. sg.
+him on ferh&eth;e greów breóst-hord blôd-reów, <i>in his bosom there grew
+a bloodthirsty feeling</i>, <a href="#li1720">1720</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbebod">bod</a>, st. n., <i>command, order</i>; in comp. wundor-bebod.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbodian">bodian</a>, w. v., <i>(to be a messenger), to announce, to make
+known</i>: pret. hrefn blaca heofones wynne blî&eth;-heort bodode, <i>the
+black raven announced joyfully heaven's delight</i> (the rising sun),
+<a href="#li1803">1803</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glboga">boga</a>, w. m., <i>bow</i>, of the bended form; here of the
+dragon, in comp. hring-boga; as an instrument for shooting, in the
+comp. flân-, horn-boga; bow of the arch, in comp. stân-boga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbolca">bolca</a>, w. m., &quot;forus navis&quot; (Grein), <i>gangway</i>; here
+probably the planks which at landing are laid from the ship to the
+shore: acc. sg. ofer bolcan, <a href="#li231">231</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbold">bold</a>, st. n., <i>building, house, edifice</i>: nom. sg.
+(Heorot), <a href="#li998">998</a>; (Hygelâc's residence), <a href="#li1926">1926</a>; (Beówulfs residence),
+<a href="#li2197">2197</a>, <a href="#li2327">2327</a>.&mdash;Comp. fold-bold.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glboldâgend">bold-âgend</a>, pt., <i>house-owner, property-holder</i>: gen. pl.
+monegum boldâgendra, <a href="#li3113">3113</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbolgenmôd">bolgen-môd</a>, adj., <i>angry at heart, angry</i>, <a href="#li710">710</a>, <a href="#li1714">1714</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbolster">bolster</a>, st. m., <i>bolster, cushion, pillow</i>: dat. pl.
+(reced) geond-bræded wear&eth; beddum and bolstrum, <i>was covered with
+beds and bolsters</i>, <a href="#li1241">1241</a>.&mdash;Comp. hleór-bolster.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbon">bon-</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glbana">ban-</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbora">bora</a>, w. m., <i>carrier, bringer, leader</i>: in the comp.
+mund-, ræd-, wæg-bora.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbord">bord</a>, st. n., <i>shield</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2674">2674</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li2525">2525</a>;
+gen. pl. ofer borda gebräc, <i>over the crashing of the shields</i>,
+<a href="#li2260">2260</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hilde-, wîg-bord.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbordhäbbend">bord-häbbend</a>, pt., <i>one having a shield, shield-bearer</i>:
+nom. pl. häbbende, <a href="#li2896">2896</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbordhreótha">bord-hreó&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>shield-cover, shield</i> with particular
+reference to its cover (of hides or linden bark): dat. sg. -hreó&eth;an,
+<a href="#li2204">2204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbordrand">bord-rand</a>, st. m., <i>shield</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2560">2560</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbordweall">bord-weall</a>, st. m., <i>shield-wall, wall of shields</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li2981">2981</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbordwudu">bord-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>shield-wood, shield</i>: acc. pl.
+beorhtan beord-wudu, <a href="#li1244">1244</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbotm">botm</a>, st. m., <i>bottom</i>: dat. sg. tô botme (here of the
+bottom of the fen-lake), <a href="#li1507">1507</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbôt">bôt</a> (emendation, cf. <a class="glentry" href="glbêtan">bêtan</a>), st. f.: 1) <i>relief, remedy</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li281">281</a>; acc.
+sg. bôte, <a href="#li935">935</a>; acc. sg. bôte, <a href="#li910">910</a>.&mdash;2) <i>a performance in expiation,
+a giving satisfaction, tribute</i>: gen. sg. bôte, <a href="#li158">158</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrand">brand, brond</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>burning, fire</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;â sceal
+brond fretan (<i>the burning of the body</i>), <a href="#li3015">3015</a>; instr. sg. by
+hine ne môston ... bronde forbärnan (<i>could not bestow upon him the
+solemn burning</i>), <a href="#li2127">2127</a>; häfde landwara lîge befangen, bæle and
+bronde, <i>with glow, fire, and flame</i>, <a href="#li2323">2323</a>.&mdash;2) in the passage,
+&thorn;ät hine nô brond ne beadomêcas bîtan ne meahton, <a href="#li1455">1455</a>, brond has been
+translated <i>sword, brand</i> (after the O.N. brand-r). The meaning
+<i>fire</i> may be justified as well, if we consider that the old
+helmets were generally made of leather, and only the principal parts
+were mounted with bronze. The poet wishes here to emphasize the fact
+that the helmet was made entirely of metal, a thing which was very
+unusual.&mdash;3) in the passage, forgeaf &thorn;â Beówulfe brand Healfdenes
+segen gyldenne, <a href="#li1021">1021</a>, our text, with other editions, has emendated,
+bearn, since brand, if it be intended as a designation of Hrô&eth;gâr
+(perhaps <i>son</i>), has not up to this time been found in this sense
+in A.-S.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrant">brant, bront</a>, adj., <i>raging, foaming, going-high</i>, of
+ships and of waves: acc. sg. brontne, <a href="#li238">238</a>, <a href="#li568">568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrâd">brâd</a>, adj.: 1) <i>extended, wide</i>: nom. pl. brâde rîce,
+<a href="#li2208">2208</a>.&mdash;2) <i>broad</i>: nom. sg. heáh and brâd (of Beówulf's
+grave-mound), <a href="#li3159">3159</a>; acc. sg. brâdne mêce, <a href="#li2979">2979</a>; (seax) brâd [and]
+brûnecg, <i>the broad, short sword with bright edge</i>, <a href="#li1547">1547</a>.&mdash;3)
+<i>massive, in abundance</i>. acc, sg. brâd gold, <a href="#li3106">3106</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebräc">bräc</a>, st. n., <i>noise, crash</i>: acc. sg. borda gebräc,
+<a href="#li2260">2260</a>.</p>
+
+<p>geond-<a class="glentry" name="glgeondbrædan">brædan</a>, w. v., <i>to spread over, to cover entirely</i>:
+pret. part. geond-bræded, <a href="#li1240">1240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrecan">brecan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to break, to break to pieces</i>: pret.
+bânhringas bräc, (the sword) <i>broke the joints</i>, <a href="#li1568">1568</a>. In a moral
+sense: pret. subj. &thorn;ät &thorn;ær ænig mon wære ne bræce, <i>that no one
+should break the agreement</i>, <a href="#li1101">1101</a>; pret. part. &thorn;onne bió&eth; brocene
+... â&eth;-sweord eorla, <i>then are the oaths of the men broken</i>,
+<a href="#li2064">2064</a>.&mdash;2) probably also simply <i>to break in upon something, to press
+upon</i>, w. acc.: pret. sg. sædeór monig hildetuxum heresyrcan bräc,
+<i>many a sea-animal pressed with his battle-teeth upon the shirt of
+mail</i> (did not break it, for, according to <a href="#li1549">1549</a> f., <a href="#li1553">1553</a> f., it was
+still unharmed). <a href="#li1512">1512</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to break out, to spring out</i>: inf.
+geseah ... streám ût brecan of beorge, <i>saw a stream break out from
+the rocks</i>, <a href="#li2547">2547</a>; lêt se hearda Higelâces &thorn;egn brâdne mêce ...
+brecan ofer bordweal, <i>caused the broadsword to spring out over the
+wall of shields</i>, <a href="#li2981">2981</a>.&mdash;4) figuratively, <i>to vex, not to let
+rest</i>: pret. hine fyrwyt bräc, <i>curiosity tormented</i> (N.H.G.
+brachte die Neugier um), <a href="#li232">232</a>, <a href="#li1986">1986</a>, <a href="#li2785">2785</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebrecan">brecan</a>, <i>to break to pieces</i>: pret. bânhûs gebräc,
+<i>broke in pieces his body</i> (Beówulf in combat with Däghrefn),
+<a href="#li2509">2509</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-<a class="glentry" name="gltôbrecan">brecan</a>, <i>to break in pieces</i>: inf., <a href="#li781">781</a>; pret. part.
+tô-brocen, <a href="#li998">998</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-<a class="glentry" name="glthurhbrecan">brecan</a>, <i>to break through</i>, pret. wordes ord breósthord
+&thorn;urh-bräc, <i>the word's point broke through his closed breast</i>, i.e. a
+word burst out from his breast, <a href="#li2793">2793</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrecth">brec&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>condition of being broken, breach</i>: nom.
+pl. môdes brec&eth;a (<i>sorrow of heart</i>), <a href="#li171">171</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâbredwian">bredwian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to fell to the ground, to
+kill</i> (?): pret. âbredwade, <a href="#li2620">2620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbregdan">bregdan</a>, st. v., properly <i>to swing round</i>, hence: 1)
+<i>to swing</i>: inf. under sceadu bregdan, <i>swing among the shadows,
+to send into the realm of shadows</i>, <a href="#li708">708</a>; pret. brägd ealde lâfe,
+<i>swung the old weapon</i>, <a href="#li796">796</a>; brägd feorh-genî&eth;lan, <i>swung his
+mortal enemy</i> (Grendel's mother), threw her down, <a href="#li1540">1540</a>; pl. git
+eágorstreám ... mundum brugdon, <i>stirred the sea with your hands</i>
+(of the movement of the hands in swimming), <a href="#li514">514</a>; pret. part. broden
+(brogden) mæl, <i>the drawn sword</i>, <a href="#li1617">1617</a>, <a href="#li1668">1668</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to knit, to
+knot, to plait</i>: inf., figuratively, inwitnet ô&eth;rum bregdan, <i>to
+weave a waylaying net for another</i> (as we say in the same way, to
+lay a trap for another, to dig a pit for another), <a href="#li2168">2168</a>; pret. part.
+beadohrägl broden, <i>a woven shirt of mail</i> (because it consisted
+of metal rings joined together), <a href="#li552">552</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1549">1549</a>; brogdne
+beadusercean, <a href="#li2756">2756</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-bregdan, <i>to swing</i>: pret. hond up â-bräd, <i>swung, raised his
+hand</i>, <a href="#li2576">2576</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bregdan: 1) <i>swing</i>: pret. hring-mæl gebrägd, <i>swung the
+ringed sword</i>, <a href="#li1565">1565</a>; eald sweord eácen ... &thorn;ät ic &thorn;ý wæpne gebrägd,
+<i>an old heavy sword that I swung as my weapon</i>, <a href="#li1665">1665</a>; with
+interchanging instr. and acc. wällseaxe gebräd, biter and beadu-scearp,
+<a href="#li2704">2704</a>; also, <i>to draw out of the sheath</i>: sweord ær gebräd, <i>had
+drawn the sword before</i>, <a href="#li2563">2563</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to knit, to knot, to
+plait</i>: pret. part. bere-byrne hondum gebroden, <a href="#li1444">1444</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-bregdan, <i>to tear open, to throw open</i>: pret. onbräd &thorn;â
+recedes mû&eth;an, <i>had then thrown open the entrance of the hall</i>
+(onbregdan is used because the opening door swings upon its hinges),
+<a href="#li724">724</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrego">brego</a>, st. m., <i>prince, ruler</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li427">427</a>, <a href="#li610">610</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbregorôf">brego-rôf</a>, adj., <i>powerful, like a ruler, of heroic strength
+</i>: nom. sg. m., <a href="#li1926">1926</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbregostôl">brego-stôl</a>, st. m., <i>throne</i>, figuratively for
+<i>rule</i>: acc. sg. him gesealde seofon &thorn;ûsendo, bold and
+brego-stôl, <i>seven thousand</i> see under sceat), <i>a country-seat,
+and the dignity of a prince</i>, <a href="#li2197">2197</a>; &thorn;ær him Hygd gebeád ...
+brego-stôl, <i>where H. offered him the chief power</i>, <a href="#li2371">2371</a>; lêt
+&thorn;one bregostôl Beówulf healdan, <i>gave over to Beówulf the chief
+power</i> (did not prevent Beówulf from entering upon the government),
+<a href="#li2390">2390</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreme">breme</a>, adj., <i>known afar, renowned</i>. nom. sg., <a href="#li18">18</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrenting">brenting</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glbrant">brant</a>), st. m., <i>ship craft</i>: nom.
+pl. brentingas, <a href="#li2808">2808</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâbreátan">breátan</a>, st. v., <i>to break, to break in pieces, to
+kill</i>: pret. âbreót brimwîsan, <i>killed the sea-king</i> (King
+Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2931">2931</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glbreótan">breótan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóst">breóst</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>breast</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2177">2177</a>; often used in
+the pl., so acc. &thorn;ät mîne breóst were&eth;, <i>which protects my
+breast</i>, <a href="#li453">453</a>; dat. pl. beadohrägl broden on breóstum läg. <a href="#li552">552</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>the inmost thoughts, the mind, the heart, the bosom</i>: nom. sg.
+breóst innan weóll &thorn;eóstrum ge&thorn;oncum, <i>his breast heaved with
+troubled thoughts</i>, <a href="#li2332">2332</a>; dat. pl. lêt &thorn;â of breóstum word ût
+faran, <i>caused the words to come out from his bosom</i>, <a href="#li2551">2551</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóstgehygd">breóst-gehygd</a>, st. n. f., <i>breast-thought, secret
+thought</i>: instr. pl. -gehygdum, <a href="#li2819">2819</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóstgewædu">breóst-gewædu</a>, st. n. pl., <i>breast-clothing, garment covering
+the breast</i>, of the coat of mail: nom., <a href="#li1212">1212</a>; acc., <a href="#li2163">2163</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreósthord">breóst-hord</a>, st. m., <i>breast-hoard, that which is locked in
+the breast, heart, mind, thought, soul</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1720">1720</a>; acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2793">2793</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóstnet">breóst-net</a>, st. n., <i>breast-net, shirt of chain-mail, coat of
+mail</i>: nom. sg. breóst-net broden, <a href="#li1549">1549</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóstweorthung">breóst-weor&eth;ung</a>, st. f., <i>ornament that is worn upon the
+breast</i>: acc. sg. breóst-weor&eth;unge, <a href="#li2505">2505</a>: here the collar is meant
+which Beówulf receives from Wealh&thorn;eów (<a href="#li1196">1196</a>, <a href="#li2174">2174</a>) as a present, and
+which B., according to <a href="#li2173">2173</a>, presents to Hygd, while, according to
+<a href="#li1203">1203</a>, it is in the possession of her husband Hygelâc. In front the
+collar is trimmed with ornaments (frätwe), which hang down upon the
+breast, hence the name breóst-weor&eth;ung.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreóstwylm">breóst-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>heaving of the breast, emotion of the
+bosom</i>: acc. sg, <a href="#li1878">1878</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbreótan">breótan</a>, st. v., <i>to break, to break in pieces, to kill</i>:
+pret. breát beódgeneátas, <i>killed his table-companions</i>
+(courtiers), <a href="#li1714">1714</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-breótan, same as above: pret. &thorn;one &thorn;e heó on räste âbreát,
+<i>whom she killed upon his couch</i>, <a href="#li1299">1299</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â &thorn;ät monige
+gewear&eth;, &thorn;ät hine seó brimwylf âbroten häfde, <i>many believed that
+the sea-wolf</i> (Grendel's mother) <i>had killed him</i>, <a href="#li1600">1600</a>; hî
+hyne ... âbroten häfdon, <i>had killed him</i> (the dragon), <a href="#li2708">2708</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrim">brim</a>, st. n., <i>flood, the sea</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li848">848</a>, <a href="#li1595">1595</a>; gen.
+sg. tô brimes faro&eth;e, <i>to the sea</i>, <a href="#li28">28</a>; ät brimes nosan, <i>at
+the sea's promontory</i>, <a href="#li2804">2804</a>; nom. pl. brimu swa&eth;redon, <i>the waves
+subsided</i>, <a href="#li570">570</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimclif">brim-clif</a>, st. n., <i>sea-cliff, cliff washed by the sea</i>:
+acc. pl. -clifu, <a href="#li222">222</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimlâd">brim-lâd</a>, st. f., <i>flood-way, sea-way</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;âra &thorn;e
+mid Beówulfe brimlâde teáh, <i>who had travelled the sea-way with
+B.</i>, <a href="#li1052">1052</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimlîthend">brim-lî&eth;end</a>, pt, <i>sea-farer, sailor</i> acc. p. -lî&eth;ende,
+<a href="#li568">568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimstreám">brim-streám</a>, st. m., <i>sea-stream, the flood of the sea</i>:
+acc. pl. ofer brim-streámas, <a href="#li1911">1911</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimwîsa">brim-wîsa</a>, w. m., <i>sea-king</i>: acc. sg. brimwîsan, of
+Hæ&eth;cyn, king of the Geátas, <a href="#li2931">2931</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimwylf">brim-wylf</a>, st. f., <i>sea-wolf</i> (designation of Grendel's
+mother): nom. sg. seó brimwylf, <a href="#li1507">1507</a>, <a href="#li1600">1600</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrimwylm">brim-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>sea-wave</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1495">1495</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbringan">bringan</a>, anom. v., <i>to bring, to bear</i>: prs. sg. I. ic &thorn;e
+&thorn;ûsenda &thorn;egna bringe tô helpe, <i>bring to your assistance thousands
+of warriors</i>, <a href="#li1830">1830</a>; inf. sceal hringnaca ofer heá&eth;u bringan lâc and
+luftâcen, <i>shall bring gifts and love-tokens over the high sea</i>,
+<a href="#li1863">1863</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2149">2149</a>, <a href="#li2505">2505</a>; pret. pl. we &thorn;âs sælâc ... brôhton,
+<i>brought this sea-offering</i> (Grendel's head), <a href="#li1654">1654</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bringan, <i>to bring</i>: pres. subj. pl. &thorn;at we &thorn;one gebringan ...
+on âdfäre, <i>that we bring him upon the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li3010">3010</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrosnian">brosnian</a>, w. v., <i>to crumble, to become rotten, to fall to
+pieces</i>: prs. sg. III. herepâd ... brosna&eth; äfter beorne, <i>the coat of
+mail falls to pieces after</i> (the death of) <i>the hero</i>, <a href="#li2261">2261</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrôthor">brô&eth;or</a>, st. m., <i>brother</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1325">1325</a>, <a href="#li2441">2441</a>; dat sg.
+brê&eth;er, <a href="#li1263">1263</a>; gen. sg. his brô&eth;or bearn, <a href="#li2620">2620</a>; dat. pl. brô&eth;rum, <a href="#li588">588</a>,
+<a href="#li1075">1075</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebrôthru">brô&eth;ru</a>, pl., <i>brethren, brothers</i>: dat. pl. sät be &thorn;æm
+gebrô&eth;rum twæm, <i>sat by the two brothers</i>, <a href="#li1192">1192</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrôga">brôga</a>, w. m., <i>terror, horror</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1292">1292</a>, <a href="#li2325">2325</a>, <a href="#li2566">2566</a>;
+acc. sg. billa brôgan, <a href="#li583">583</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gryre-, here-brôga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrûcan">brûcan</a>, st. v. w. gen., <i>to use, to make use of</i>: prs. sg.
+III. se &thorn;e longe her worolde brûce&eth;, <i>who here long makes use of the
+world</i>, i.e. lives long, <a href="#li1063">1063</a>; imp. brûc manigra mêda, <i>make use
+of many rewards, give good rewards</i>, <a href="#li1179">1179</a>; <i>to enjoy</i>: inf.
+&thorn;ät he beáhhordes brûcan môste, <i>could enjoy the ring-hoard</i>,
+<a href="#li895">895</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2242">2242</a>, <a href="#li3101">3101</a>; pret. breác lîfgesceafta, <i>enjoyed the
+appointed life, lived the appointed time</i>, <a href="#li1954">1954</a>. With the genitive
+to be supplied: breác &thorn;onne môste, <a href="#li1488">1488</a>; imp. brûc &thorn;isses beáges,
+<i>enjoy this ring, take this ring</i>, <a href="#li1217">1217</a>. Upon this meaning
+depends the form of the wish, wel brûcan (compare the German geniesze
+froh!): inf. hêt hine wel brûcan, <a href="#li1046">1046</a>; hêt hine brûcan well, <a href="#li2813">2813</a>;
+imp. brûc ealles well, <a href="#li2163">2163</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrûn">brûn</a>, adj., <i>having a brown lustre, shining</i>: nom. sg. sió
+ecg brûn, <a href="#li2579">2579</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrûnecg">brûn-ecg</a>, adj., <i>having a gleaming blade</i>: acc. sg. n.
+(hyre seaxe) brâd [and] brûnecg, <i>her broad sword with gleaming
+blade</i>, <a href="#li1547">1547</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrûnfâg">brûn-fâg</a>, adj., <i>gleaming like metal</i>: acc. sg. brûnfâgne
+helm, <a href="#li2616">2616</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbryneleóma">bryne-leóma</a>, w. m., <i>light of a conflagration, gleam of fire
+</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2314">2314</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrynewylm">bryne-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>wave of fire</i>: dat. pl. -wylmum,
+<a href="#li2327">2327</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrytnian">brytnian</a> (properly <i>to break in small pieces</i>, cf. breótan), w.
+v., <i>to bestow, to distribute</i>: pret. sinc brytnade, <i>distributed
+presents</i>, i.e. ruled (since the giving of gifts belongs especially to
+rulers), <a href="#li2384">2384</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrytta">brytta</a>, w. m., <i>giver, distributer</i>, always designating
+the king: nom. sg. sinces brytta, <a href="#li608">608</a>, <a href="#li1171">1171</a>, <a href="#li2072">2072</a>; acc. sg. beága
+bryttan, <a href="#li35">35</a>, <a href="#li352">352</a>, <a href="#li1488">1488</a>; sinces bryttan, <a href="#li1923">1923</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbryttian">bryttian</a> (<i>to be a dispenser</i>), w. v., <i>to distribute,
+to confer</i>: prs. sg. III. god manna cynne snyttru brytta&eth;,
+<i>bestows wisdom upon the human race</i>, <a href="#li1727">1727</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrýd">brýd</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>wife, consort</i>: acc. sg. brýd, <a href="#li2931">2931</a>; brýde,
+<a href="#li2957">2957</a>, both times of the consort of Ongen&thorn;eów (?).&mdash;2) <i>betrothed,
+bride</i>: nom. sg., of Hrô&eth;gâr's daughter, Freáware, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbrýdbûr">brýd-bûr</a>, st. n., <i>woman's apartment</i>: dat. sg. eode ...
+cyning of brýdbûre, <i>the king came out of the apartment of his
+wife</i> (into which, according to <a href="#li666">666</a>, he had gone), <a href="#li922">922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbundenstefna">bunden-stefna</a>, w. m., <i>(that which has a bound prow), the
+framed ship</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1911">1911</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbune">bune</a>, w. f., <i>can</i> or <i>cup, drinking-vessel</i>: nom.
+pl. bunan, <a href="#li3048">3048</a>; acc. pl. bunan, <a href="#li2776">2776</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburh">burh, burg</a>, st. f., <i>castle, city, fortified house</i>:
+acc. sg. burh, <a href="#li523">523</a>; dat. sg. byrig, <a href="#li1200">1200</a>; dat. pl. burgum, <a href="#li53">53</a>, <a href="#li1969">1969</a>,
+<a href="#li2434">2434</a>.&mdash;Comp.: freó, freo&eth;o-, heá-, hleó-, hord-, leód-, mæg-burg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburhloca">burh-loca</a>, w. m., <i>castle-bars</i>: dat. sg. under
+burh-locan, <i>under the castle-bars</i>, i.e. in the castle
+(Hygelâc's), <a href="#li1929">1929</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburhstede">burh-stede</a>, st. m., <i>castle-place, place where the castle</i>
+or <i>city stands</i>: acc. sg. burhstede, <a href="#li2266">2266</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburhwela">burh-wela</a>, w. m., <i>riches, treasure of a castle</i> or
+<i>city</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;enden he burh-welan brûcan môste, <a href="#li3101">3101</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburne">burne</a>, w. f., <i>spring, fountain</i>: gen. &thorn;ære burnan wälm,
+<i>the bubbling of the spring</i>, <a href="#li2547">2547</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbûan">bûan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to stay, to remain, to dwell</i>: inf. gif
+he weard onfunde bûan on beorge, <i>if he had found the watchman
+dwelling on the mountain</i>, <a href="#li2843">2843</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to inhabit</i>, w. acc.:
+meduseld bûan, <i>to inhabit the mead-house</i>, <a href="#li3066">3066</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bûan, w. acc., <i>to occupy a house, to take possession</i>: pret.
+part. heán hûses, hû hit Hring Dene äfter beór&thorn;ege gebûn häfdon,
+<i>how the Danes, after their beer-carouse, had occupied it</i> (had
+made their beds in it), <a href="#li117">117</a>.&mdash;With the pres. part. bûend are the
+compounds ceaster-, fold-, grund-, lond-bûend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbûgan">bûgan</a>, st. v., <i>to bend, to bow, to sink; to turn, to
+flee</i>: prs. sg. III. bon-gâr bûge&eth;, <i>the fatal spear sinks</i>,
+i.e. its deadly point is turned down, it rests, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>; inf. &thorn;ät se
+byrnwîga bûgan sceolde, <i>that the armed hero had to sink down</i>
+(having received a deadly blow), <a href="#li2919">2919</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2975">2975</a>; pret. sg. beáh
+eft under eor&eth;weall, <i>turned, fled again behind the earth-wall</i>,
+<a href="#li2957">2957</a>; pret. pl. bugon tô bence, <i>turned to the bench</i>, <a href="#li327">327</a>, <a href="#li1014">1014</a>;
+hy on holt bugon, <i>fled to the wood</i>, <a href="#li2599">2599</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-bûgan, <i>to bend off, to curve away from</i>: pret. fram sylle
+âbeág medubenc monig, <i>from the threshold curved away many a
+mead-bench</i>, <a href="#li776">776</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-bûgan, w. acc., <i>to surround, to encircle</i>: prs. swâ
+(<i>which</i>) wäter bebûge&eth;, <a href="#li93">93</a>; efne swâ sîde swâ sæ bebûge&eth; windige
+weallas, <i>as far as the sea encircles windy shores</i>, <a href="#li1224">1224</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bûgan, <i>to bend, to bow, to sink</i>: a) intrans.: heó on flet
+gebeáh, <i>sank on the floor</i>, <a href="#li1541">1541</a>; &thorn;â gebeáh cyning, <i>then sank
+the king</i>, <a href="#li2981">2981</a>; &thorn;â se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne (<i>when the drake
+at once coiled itself up</i>), <a href="#li2568">2568</a>; gewât &thorn;â gebogen scrî&eth;an tô,
+<i>advanced with curved body</i> (the drake), <a href="#li2570">2570</a>.&mdash;b) w. acc. of the
+thing to which one bends or sinks: pret. selereste gebeáh, <i>sank
+upon the couch in the hall</i>, <a href="#li691">691</a>; similarly gebeág, <a href="#li1242">1242</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbûr">bûr</a>, st. n., <i>apartment, room</i>: dat. sg. bûre, <a href="#li1311">1311</a>, <a href="#li2456">2456</a>;
+dat. pl. bûrum, <a href="#li140">140</a>.&mdash;Comp. brýd-bûr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbûtan">bûtan, bûton</a> (from be and ûtan, hence in its meaning referring
+to what is without, excluded): 1) conj. with subjunctive following,
+<i>lest</i>: bûtan his lîc swice, <i>lest his body escape</i>, <a href="#li967">967</a>.
+With ind. following, <i>but</i>: bûton hit wäs mâre &thorn;onne ænig mon
+ô&eth;er tô beadulâce ätberan meahte, <i>but it</i> (the sword) <i>was
+greater than any other man could have carried to battle</i>, <a href="#li1561">1561</a>.
+After a preceding negative verb, <i>except</i>: &thorn;âra &thorn;e gumena bearn
+gearwe ne wiston bûton Fitela mid hine, <i>which the children of men
+did not know at all, except Fitela, who was with him</i>, <a href="#li880">880</a>; ne nom
+he mâ&eth;m-æhta mâ bûton &thorn;one hafelan, etc., <i>he took no more of the
+rich treasure than the head alone</i>, <a href="#li1615">1615</a>.&mdash;2) prep, with
+dat., <i>except</i>: bûton folcscare, <a href="#li73">73</a>; bûton &thorn;e, <a href="#li658">658</a>; ealle bûton
+ânum, <a href="#li706">706</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbycgan">bycgan</a>, w. v., <i>to buy, to pay</i>: inf. ne wäs &thorn;ät gewrixle
+til &thorn;ät hie on bâ healfa bicgan scoldon freónda feorum, <i>that was no
+good transaction, that they, on both sides</i> (as well to Grendel as
+to his mother), <i>had to pay with the lives of their friends</i>,
+<a href="#li1306">1306</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-bycgan, <i>to sell</i>: pret. nu ic on mâ&eth;ma hord mîne bebohte
+frôde feorhlege (<i>now I, for the treasure-hoard, gave up my old
+life</i>), <a href="#li2800">2800</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-bycgan, <i>to buy, to acquire; to pay</i>: pret. w. acc. nô &thorn;ær
+ænige ... frôfre gebohte, <i>obtained no sort of help,
+consolation</i>, <a href="#li974">974</a>; hit (his, MS.) ealdre gebohte, <i>paid it with
+his life</i>, <a href="#li2482">2482</a>; pret. part. sylfes feore beágas [geboh]te,
+<i>bought rings with his own life</i>, <a href="#li3015">3015</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyldan">byldan</a>, w. v. (<i>to make</i> beald, which see), <i>to excite,
+to encourage, to brave deeds</i>: inf. w. acc. swâ he Fresena cyn on
+beórsele byldan wolde (by distributing gifts), <a href="#li1095">1095</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebyrd">byrd</a>, st. n., &quot;fatum destinatum&quot; (Grein) (?): acc. sg. hie
+on gebyrd hruron gâre wunde, <a href="#li1075">1075</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebyrdu">byrdu</a>, st. f., <i>birth</i>; in compound, bearn-gebyrdu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrduscrûd">byrdu-scrûd</a>, st. n., <i>shield-ornament, design upon a
+shield</i>(?): nom. sg., <a href="#li2661">2661</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyre">byre</a>, st. m., (<i>born</i>) <i>son</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2054">2054</a>, <a href="#li2446">2446</a>,
+<a href="#li2622">2622</a>, etc.; nom. pl. byre, <a href="#li1189">1189</a>. In a broader sense, <i>young man,
+youth</i>: acc. pl. bædde byre geonge, <i>encouraged the youths</i>
+(at the banquet), <a href="#li2019">2019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrthen">byr&eth;en</a>, st. f., <i>burden</i>; in comp. mägen-byr&eth;en.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrele">byrele</a>, st. m., <i>steward, waiter, cupbearer</i>: nom. pl.
+byrelas, <a href="#li1162">1162</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrgan">byrgan</a>, w. v., <i>to feast, to eat</i>: inf., <a href="#li448">448</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgebyrgea">byrgea</a>, w. m., <i>protector</i>; in comp. leód-gebyrgea.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrht">byrht</a>. See <i>beorht</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrne">byrne</a>, w. f., <i>shirt of mail, mail</i>: nom. sg. byrne, <a href="#li405">405</a>,
+<a href="#li1630">1630</a>, etc.; hringed byrne, <i>ring-shirt</i>, consisting of interlaced
+rings, <a href="#li1246">1246</a>; acc. sg. byrnan, <a href="#li1023">1023</a>, etc.; sîde byrnan, <i>large coat
+of mail</i>, <a href="#li1292">1292</a>; hringde byrnan, <a href="#li2616">2616</a>; hâre byrnan, <i>gray coat of
+mail</i> (of iron), <a href="#li2154">2154</a>; dat. sg. on byrnan, <a href="#li2705">2705</a>; gen. sg. byrnan
+hring, <i>the ring of the shirt of mail</i> (i.e. the shirt of mail),
+<a href="#li2261">2261</a>; dat. pl. byrnum, <a href="#li40">40</a>, <a href="#li238">238</a>, etc.; beorhtum byrnum, <i>with
+gleaming mail</i>, <a href="#li3141">3141</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gû&eth;-, here-, hea&eth;o-, îren-,
+îsern-byrne.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrnend">byrnend</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glbeornan">beornan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbyrnwîga">byrn-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>warrior dressed in a coat of mail</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2919">2919</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbysgu">bysgu, bisigu</a>, st. f., <i>trouble, difficulty, opposition</i>:
+nom. sg. bisigu, <a href="#li281">281</a>; dat. pl. bisgum, <a href="#li1744">1744</a>, bysigum, <a href="#li2581">2581</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbysig">bysig</a>, adj., <i>opposed, in need</i>, in the compounds
+lîf-bysig, syn-bysig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbýme">býme</a>, w. f., <i>a wind-instrument, a trumpet, a trombone</i>:
+gen. sg. býman gealdor, <i>the sound of the trumpet</i>, <a href="#li2944">2944</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbýwan">býwan</a>, w. v., <i>to ornament, to prepare</i>: inf. &thorn;â &thorn;e
+beado-grîman býwan sceoldon, <i>who should prepare the helmets</i>,
+<a href="#li2258">2258</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossC">C</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcamp">camp</a>, st. m., <i>combat, fight between two</i>: dat. sg. in
+campe (Beówulf's with Däghrefn; cempan, MS.), <a href="#li2506">2506</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcandel">candel</a>, st. f., <i>light, candle</i>: nom. sg. rodores candel,
+of the sun, <a href="#li1573">1573</a>.&mdash;Comp. woruld-candel.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcempa">cempa</a>, w. m., <i>fighter, warrior, hero</i>: nom. sg. ä&eth;ele
+cempa, <a href="#li1313">1313</a>; Geáta cempa, <a href="#li1552">1552</a>; rê&eth;e cempa, <a href="#li1586">1586</a>; mære cempa (as
+voc.), <a href="#li1762">1762</a>; gyrded cempa, <a href="#li2079">2079</a>; dat. sg. geongum (geongan) cempan,
+<a href="#li1949">1949</a>, <a href="#li2045">2045</a>, <a href="#li2627">2627</a>; Hûga cempan, <a href="#li2503">2503</a>; acc. pl. cempan, <a href="#li206">206</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+fê&eth;e-cempa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcennan">cennan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to bear</i>, w. acc.: efne swâ hwylc mäg&eth;a
+swâ &thorn;one magan cende, <i>who bore the son</i>, <a href="#li944">944</a>; pret. part. &thorn;äm
+eafera wäs äfter cenned, <i>to him was a son born</i>, <a href="#li12">12</a>.&mdash;2)
+reflexive, <i>to show one's self, to reveal one's self</i>: imp. cen
+&thorn;ec mid cräfte, <i>prove yourself by your strength</i>, <a href="#li1220">1220</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-cennan, <i>to bear</i>: pret. part. nô hie fäder cunnon,
+hwä&eth;er him ænig wäs ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, <i>they</i> (the people
+of the country) <i>do not know his</i> (Grendel's) <i>father, nor
+whether any evil spirit has been before born to him</i> (whether he
+has begotten a son), <a href="#li1357">1357</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcênthu">cên&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>boldness</i>: acc. sg. cên&eth;u, <a href="#li2697">2697</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcêne">cêne</a>, adj., <i>keen, warlike, bold</i>: gen. p.. cênra
+gehwylcum, <a href="#li769">769</a>. Superl., acc. pl. cênoste, <a href="#li206">206</a>.&mdash;Comp.: dæd-,
+gâr-cêne.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceald">ceald</a>, adj., <i>cold</i>: acc. pl. cealde streámas, <a href="#li1262">1262</a>; dat.
+pl. cealdum cearsî&eth;um, <i>with cold, sad journeys</i>, <a href="#li2397">2397</a>. Superl.
+nom. sg. wedera cealdost, <a href="#li546">546</a>;&mdash;Comp. morgen-ceald.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearian">cearian</a>, w. v., <i>to have care, to take care, to trouble one's
+self</i>: prs. sg. III. nâ ymb his lîf ceara&eth;, <i>takes no care for
+his life</i>, <a href="#li1537">1537</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearig">cearig</a>, adj., <i>troubled, sad</i>: in comp. sorh-cearig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearsîth">cear-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>sorrowful way, an undertaking that brings
+sorrow</i>, i.e. a warlike expedition: dat. pl. cearsî&eth;um (of
+Beówulf's expeditions against Eádgils), <a href="#li2397">2397</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearu">cearu</a>, st. f., <i>care, sorrow, lamentation</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1304">1304</a>; acc. sg. [ceare], <a href="#li3173">3173</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ealdor-, gû&eth;-, mæl-, môd-cearu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearwälm">cear-wälm</a>, st. m., <i>care-agitation, waves of sorrow in the
+breast</i>: dat. pl. äfter cear-wälmum, <a href="#li2067">2067</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcearwylm">cear-wylm</a>, st. m., same as above; nom. pl. &thorn;â cear-wylmas, <a href="#li282">282</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceasterbûend">ceaster-bûend</a>, pt, <i>inhabitant of a fortified place,
+inhabitant of a castle</i>: dat. pl. ceaster-bûendum, of those
+established in Hrô&eth;gâr's castle, <a href="#li769">769</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceáp">ceáp</a>, st. m., <i>purchase, transaction</i>: figuratively, nom.
+sg. näs &thorn;ät ý&eth;e ceáp, <i>no easy transaction</i>, <a href="#li2416">2416</a>; instr. sg.
+&thorn;eáh &thorn;e ô&eth;er hit ealdre gebohte, heardan ceápe, <i>although the one
+paid it with his life, a dear purchase</i>, <a href="#li2483">2483</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeceápian">ceápian</a>, w. v., <i>to purchase</i>: pret. part. gold unrîme
+grimme geceápod, <i>gold without measure, bitterly purchased</i> (with
+Beówulf's life), <a href="#li3013">3013</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbeceorfan">ceorfan</a>, st. v., <i>to separate, to cut off</i> (with acc.
+of the pers. and instr. of the thing): pret. hine &thorn;â heáfde becearf,
+<i>cut off his head</i>, <a href="#li1591">1591</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2139">2139</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceorl">ceorl</a>, st. m., <i>man</i>: nom. sg. snotor ceorl monig, <i>many
+a wise man</i>, <a href="#li909">909</a>; dat. sg. gomelum ceorle, <i>the old man</i> (of
+King Hrê&eth;el), <a href="#li2445">2445</a>; so, ealdum ceorle, of King Ongen&thorn;eów, <a href="#li2973">2973</a>; nom.
+pl. snotere ceorlas, <i>wise men</i>, <a href="#li202">202</a>, <a href="#li416">416</a>, <a href="#li1592">1592</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceól">ceól</a>, st. m., <i>keel</i>, figuratively for the ship: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1913">1913</a>; acc. sg. ceól, <a href="#li38">38</a>, <a href="#li238">238</a>; gen. sg. ceóles, <a href="#li1807">1807</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glceósan">ceósan</a>, st. v., <i>to choose</i>, hence, <i>to assume</i>: inf.
+&thorn;one cynedôm ciósan wolde, <i>would assume the royal dignity</i>,
+<a href="#li2377">2377</a>; <i>to seek</i>: pret. subj. ær he bæl cure, <i>before he sought
+his funeral-pile</i> (before he died), <a href="#li2819">2819</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-ceósan, <i>to choose, to elect</i>: gerund, tô geceósenne cyning
+ænigne (sêlran), <i>to choose a better king</i>, <a href="#li1852">1852</a>; imp. &thorn;e &thorn;ät
+sêlre ge-ceós, <i>choose thee the better</i> (of two: bealonî&eth; and êce
+rædas), <a href="#li1759">1759</a>; pret. he ûsic on herge geceás tô &thorn;yssum si&eth;fate,
+<i>selected us among the soldiers for this undertaking</i>, <a href="#li2639">2639</a>;
+geceás êcne ræd, <i>chose the everlasting gain</i>, i.e. died, <a href="#li1202">1202</a>;
+similarly, godes leóht geceás, <a href="#li2470">2470</a>; pret. part. acc. pl. häfde ...
+cempan gecorone, <a href="#li206">206</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="gloncirran">cirran</a>, w. v., <i>to turn, to change</i>: inf. ne meahte ...
+&thorn;äs wealdendes [willan] wiht on-cirran, <i>could not change the will
+of the Almighty</i>, <a href="#li2858">2858</a>; pret. ufor oncirde, <i>turned higher</i>,
+<a href="#li2952">2952</a>; &thorn;yder oncirde, <i>turned thither</i>, <a href="#li2971">2971</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâcîgan">cîgan</a>, w. v., <i>to call hither</i>: pret. âcîgde of cor&eth;re
+cyninges &thorn;egnas syfone, <i>called from the retinue of the king seven
+men</i>, <a href="#li3122">3122</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glclam">clam, clom</a>, st. m., f. n.? <i>fetter</i>, figuratively of a
+strong gripe: dat. pl. heardan clammum, <a href="#li964">964</a>; heardum clammum, <a href="#li1336">1336</a>;
+atolan clommum (horrible claws of the mother of Grendel), <a href="#li1503">1503</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glclif">clif, cleof</a>, st. n., <i>cliff, promontory</i>: acc. pl. Geáta
+clifu, <a href="#li1912">1912</a>.&mdash;Comp.: brim-, êg-, holm-, stân-clif.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecnâwan">cnâwan</a>, st. v., <i>to know, to recognize</i>: inf. meaht &thorn;u,
+mîn wine, mêce gecnâwan, <i>mayst thou, my friend, recognize the
+sword</i>, <a href="#li2048">2048</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-cnâwan, <i>to recognize, to distinguish</i>: hordweard oncniów
+mannes reorde, <i>distinguished the speech of a man</i>, <a href="#li2555">2555</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcniht">cniht</a>, st. m., <i>boy, youth</i>: dat. pl. &thorn;yssum cnyhtum,
+<i>to these boys</i> (Hrô&eth;gâr's sons), <a href="#li1220">1220</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcnihtwesende">cniht-wesende</a>, prs. part., <i>being a boy</i> or <i>a
+youth</i>: acc. sg. ic hine cû&eth;e cniht-wesende, <i>knew him while
+still a boy</i>, <a href="#li372">372</a>; nom. pl. wit &thorn;ät gecwædon cniht-wesende, <i>we
+both as young men said that</i>, <a href="#li535">535</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcnyssan">cnyssan</a>, w. v., <i>to strike, to dash against each other</i>:
+pret. pl. &thorn;onne ... eoferas cnysedan, <i>when the bold warriors dashed
+against each other, stormed</i> (in battle), <a href="#li1329">1329</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcollenferhth">collen-ferh&eth;, -fer&eth;</a>, adj., (properly, <i>of swollen mind</i>),
+<i>of uncommon thoughts, in his way of thinking, standing higher than
+others, high-minded</i>: nom. sg. cuma collen-ferh&eth;, of Beówulf, <a href="#li1807">1807</a>;
+collen-fer&eth;, of Wîglâf, <a href="#li2786">2786</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcorther">cor&eth;er</a>, st. n., <i>troop, division of an army, retinue</i>:
+dat. sg. &thorn;â wäs ... Fin slägen, cyning on cor&eth;re, <i>then was Fin
+slain, the king in the troop</i> (of warriors), <a href="#li1154">1154</a>; of cor&eth;re
+cyninges, <i>out of the retinue of the king</i>, <a href="#li3122">3122</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcostian">costian</a>, w. v., <i>to try</i>; pret. (w. gen.) he mîn costode,
+<i>tried me</i>, <a href="#li2085">2085</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcôfa">côfa</a>, w. m., <i>apartment, sleeping-room, couch</i>: in comp.
+bân-côfa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcôl">côl</a>, adj., <i>cool</i>: compar. cearwylmas côlran wur&eth;a&eth;,
+<i>the waves of sorrow become cooler</i>, i.e. the mind becomes quiet,
+<a href="#li282">282</a>; him wîflufan ... côlran weor&eth;a&eth;, <i>his love for his wife
+cools</i>, <a href="#li2067">2067</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcräft">cräft</a>, st. m., <i>the condition of being able</i>, hence: 1)
+<i>physical strength</i>: nom. sg. mäg&eth;a cräft, <a href="#li1284">1284</a>; acc. sg. mägenes
+cräft, <a href="#li418">418</a>; &thorn;urh ânes cräft, <a href="#li700">700</a>; cräft and cên&eth;u, <a href="#li2697">2697</a>; dat. (instr.)
+sg. cräfte, <a href="#li983">983</a>, <a href="#li1220">1220</a>, <a href="#li2182">2182</a>, <a href="#li2361">2361</a>.&mdash;2) <i>art, craft, skill</i>: dat.
+sg. as instr. dyrnum cräfte, <i>with secret</i> (magic) <i>art</i>,
+<a href="#li2169">2169</a>; dyrnan cräfte, <a href="#li2291">2291</a>; &thorn;eófes cräfte, <i>with thief's craft</i>,
+<a href="#li2221">2221</a>; dat. pl. deófles cräftum, <i>by devil's art</i> (sorcery),
+<a href="#li2089">2089</a>.&mdash;3) <i>great quantity</i> (?): acc. sg. wyrm-horda cräft,
+<a href="#li2223">2223</a>.&mdash;Comp.: leo&eth;o-, mägen-, nearo-, wîg-cräft.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcräftig">cräftig</a>, adj.: 1) <i>strong, stout</i>: nom. sg. eafo&eth;es
+cräftig, <a href="#li1467">1467</a>; nî&eth;a cräftig, <a href="#li1963">1963</a>. Comp. wîg-cräftig.&mdash;2) <i>adroit,
+skilful</i>: in comp. lagu-cräftig.&mdash;3) <i>rich</i> (of treasures); in
+comp. eácen-cräftig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcringan">cringan</a>, st. v., <i>to fall in combat, to fall with the
+writhing movement of those mortally wounded</i>: pret. subj. on wäl
+crunge, <i>would sink into death, would fall</i>, <a href="#li636">636</a>; pret. pl. for
+the pluperfect, sume on wäle crungon, <a href="#li1114">1114</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecringan">cringan</a>, same as above: pret. he under rande gecranc,
+<i>fell under his shield</i>, <a href="#li1210">1210</a>; ät wîge gecrang, <i>fell in
+battle</i>, <a href="#li1338">1338</a>; heó on flet gecrong, <i>fell to the ground</i>,
+<a href="#li1569">1569</a>; in campe gecrong, <i>fell in single combat</i>, <a href="#li2506">2506</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcuma">cuma</a> (<i>he who comes</i>), w. m., <i>newcomer, guest</i>: nom.
+sg. <a href="#li1807">1807</a>.&mdash;Comp.: cwealm-, wil-cuma.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcuman">cuman</a>, st. v., <i>to come</i>: pres. sg. II. gyf &thorn;u on weg
+cymest, <i>if thou comest from there</i>, <a href="#li1383">1383</a>; III. cyme&eth;, <a href="#li2059">2059</a>;
+pres. subj. sg. III. cume, <a href="#li23">23</a>; pl. &thorn;onne we ût cymen, <i>when we come
+out</i>, <a href="#li3107">3107</a>; inf. cuman, <a href="#li244">244</a>, <a href="#li281">281</a>, <a href="#li1870">1870</a>; pret. sg. com, <a href="#li430">430</a>, <a href="#li569">569</a>,
+<a href="#li826">826</a>, <a href="#li1134">1134</a>, <a href="#li1507">1507</a>, <a href="#li1601">1601</a>, etc.; cwom, <a href="#li419">419</a>, <a href="#li2915">2915</a>; pret. subj. sg. cwôme,
+<a href="#li732">732</a>; pret. part. cumen, <a href="#li376">376</a>; pl. cumene, <a href="#li361">361</a>. Often with the inf. of a
+verb of motion, as, com gongan, <a href="#li711">711</a>; com sî&eth;ian, <a href="#li721">721</a>; com in gân,
+<a href="#li1645">1645</a>; cwom gân, <a href="#li1163">1163</a>; com scacan, <a href="#li1803">1803</a>; cwômon lædan, <a href="#li239">239</a>; cwômon
+sêcean, <a href="#li268">268</a>; cwôman scrî&eth;an, <a href="#li651">651</a>, etc. [pret. côm, etc.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbecuman">be-cuman</a>, <i>to come, to approach, to arrive</i>: pret. sy&eth;&eth;an
+niht becom, <i>after the night had come</i>, <a href="#li115">115</a>; &thorn;e on &thorn;â leóde
+becom, <i>that had come over the people</i>, <a href="#li192">192</a>; &thorn;â he tô hâm becom,
+<a href="#li2993">2993</a>. And with inf. following: stefn in becom ... hlynnan under hârne
+stân, <a href="#li2553">2553</a>; lyt eft becwom ... hâmes niósan, <a href="#li2366">2366</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät ende becwom,
+<a href="#li1255">1255</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2117">2117</a>. With acc. of pers.: &thorn;â hyne sió &thorn;rag becwom,
+<i>when this time of battle came over him</i>, <a href="#li2884">2884</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glofercuman">ofer-cuman</a>, <i>to overcome, to compel</i>: pret. &thorn;ý he &thorn;one
+feónd ofercwom, <i>thereby he overcame the foe</i>, <a href="#li1274">1274</a>: pl. hie
+feónd heora ... ofercômon, <a href="#li700">700</a>; pret. part. (w. gen.) nî&eth;a ofercumen,
+<i>compelled by combats</i>, <a href="#li846">846</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcumbol">cumbol, cumbor</a>, st. m., <i>banner</i>: gen. sg. cumbles hyrde,
+<a href="#li2506">2506</a>.&mdash;Comp. hilte-cumbor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcund">cund</a>, adj., <i>originating in, descended from</i>: in comp.
+feorran-cund.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcunnan">cunnan</a>, verb pret. pres.: 1) <i>to know, to be acquainted
+with</i> (w. acc. or depend, clause): sg. pres. I. ic mînne can glädne
+Hrô&eth;ulf &thorn;ät he ... wile, <i>I know my gracious H., that he
+will</i>..., <a href="#li1181">1181</a>; II. eard git ne const, <i>thou knowest not yet the
+land</i>, <a href="#li1378">1378</a>; III. he &thorn;ät wyrse ne con, <i>knows no worse</i>, <a href="#li1740">1740</a>.
+And reflexive: con him land geare, <i>knows the land well</i>, <a href="#li2063">2063</a>;
+pl. men ne cunnon hwyder helrûnan scrî&eth;a&eth;, <i>men do not know
+whither</i>..., <a href="#li162">162</a>; pret. sg. ic hine cû&eth;e, <i>knew him</i>, <a href="#li372">372</a>;
+cû&eth;e he dugu&eth; &thorn;eáw, <i>knew the customs of the distinguished
+courtiers</i>, <a href="#li359">359</a>; so with the acc., <a href="#li2013">2013</a>; seolfa ne cû&eth;e &thorn;urh
+hwät..., <i>he himself did not know through what</i>..., <a href="#li3068">3068</a>; pl.
+sorge ne cû&eth;on, <a href="#li119">119</a>; so with the acc., <a href="#li180">180</a>, <a href="#li418">418</a>, <a href="#li1234">1234</a>. With both (acc.
+and depend. clause): nô hie fäder cunnon (scil. nô hie cunnon) hwä&eth;er
+him ænig wäs ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, <a href="#li1356">1356</a>.&mdash;2) with inf. following,
+<i>can, to be able</i>: prs. sg. him bebeorgan ne con, <i>cannot
+defend himself</i>, <a href="#li1747">1747</a>; prs. pl. men ne cunnon secgan, <i>cannot
+say</i>, <a href="#li50">50</a>; pret. sg. cû&eth;e reccan, <a href="#li90">90</a>; beorgan cû&eth;e, <a href="#li1446">1446</a>; pret. pl.
+hêrian ne cû&eth;on, <i>could not praise</i>, <a href="#li182">182</a>; pret. subj. healdan
+cû&eth;e, <a href="#li2373">2373</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcunnian">cunnian</a>, w. v., <i>to inquire into, to try</i>, w. gen. or
+acc.: inf. sund cunnian (figurative for <i>roam over the sea</i>),
+<a href="#li1427">1427</a>, <a href="#li1445">1445</a>; geongne cempan higes cunnian, <i>to try the young
+warrior's mind</i>, <a href="#li2046">2046</a>; pret. eard cunnode, <i>tried the home</i>,
+i.e. came to it, <a href="#li1501">1501</a>; pl. wada cunnedon, <i>tried the flood</i>, i.e.
+swam through the sea, <a href="#li508">508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcûth">cû&eth;</a>, adj.: 1) <i>known, well known; manifest, certain</i>: nom.
+sg. undyrne cû&eth;, <a href="#li150">150</a>, <a href="#li410">410</a>; wîde cû&eth;, <a href="#li2924">2924</a>; acc. sg. fern. cû&eth;e folme,
+<a href="#li1304">1304</a>; cû&eth;e stræte, <a href="#li1635">1635</a>; nom. pl. ecge cû&eth;e, <a href="#li1146">1146</a>; acc. pl. cû&eth;e
+nässas, <a href="#li1913">1913</a>.&mdash;2) <i>renowned</i>: nom. sg. gû&eth;um cû&eth;, <a href="#li2179">2179</a>; nom. pl.
+cystum cû&eth;e, <a href="#li868">868</a>.&mdash;3) also, <i>friendly, dear, good</i> (see
+<a class="glentry" href="#gluncûth">un-cû&eth;</a>).&mdash;Comp.: un-, wîd-cû&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcûthlîce">cû&eth;-lîce</a>, adv., <i>openly, publicly</i>: comp. nô her cû&eth;lîcor
+cuman ongunnon lind-häbbende, <i>no shield-bearing men undertook
+more boldly to come hither</i> (the coast-watchman means by this the
+secret landing of the Vikings), <a href="#li244">244</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwalu">cwalu</a>, st. f., <i>murder, fall</i>: in comp. deá&eth;-cwalu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcweccan">cweccan</a> (<i>to make alive</i>, see <a class="glentry" href="#glcwic">cwic</a>), w. v., <i>to
+move, to swing</i>: pret. cwehte mägen-wudu, <i>swung the wood of
+strength</i> (= spear), <a href="#li235">235</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwethan">cwe&eth;an</a>, st. v., <i>to say, to speak</i>: a) absolutely: prs.
+sg. III. cwi&eth; ät beóre, <i>speaks at beer-drinking</i>, <a href="#li2042">2042</a>.&mdash;b) w.
+acc.: pret. word äfter cwä&eth;, <a href="#li315">315</a>; feá worda cwä&eth;, <a href="#li2247">2247</a>, <a href="#li2663">2663</a>.&mdash;c) with
+&thorn;ät following: pret. sg. cwä&eth;, <a href="#li92">92</a>, <a href="#li2159">2159</a>; pl. cwædon, <a href="#li3182">3182</a>.&mdash;d) with
+&thorn;ät omitted: pret. cwä&eth; he gû&eth;-cyning sêcean wolde, <i>said he would
+seek out the war-king</i>, <a href="#li199">199</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1811">1811</a>, <a href="#li2940">2940</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâcwethan">â-cwe&eth;an</a>, <i>to say, to speak</i>, w. acc.: prs. &thorn;ät word
+âcwy&eth;, <i>speaks the word</i>, <a href="#li2047">2047</a>; pret. &thorn;ät word âcwä&eth;, <a href="#li655">655</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecwethan">cwe&eth;an</a>, <i>to say, to speak</i>: a) absolutely: pret. sg.
+II. swâ &thorn;u gecwæde, <a href="#li2665">2665</a>.&mdash;b)w. acc.: pret. wel-hwylc gecwä&eth;,
+<i>spoke everything</i>, <a href="#li875">875</a>; pl. wit &thorn;ät gecwædon, <a href="#li535">535</a>.&mdash;c) w. &thorn;ät
+following: pret. gecwä&eth;, <a href="#li858">858</a>, <a href="#li988">988</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwellan">cwellan</a>, w. v., (<i>to make die</i>), <i>to kill, to
+murder</i>: pret. sg. II. &thorn;u Grendel cwealdest, <a href="#li1335">1335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâcwellan">â-cwellan</a>, <i>to kill</i>: pret. sg. (he) wyrm âcwealde, <a href="#li887">887</a>;
+&thorn;one &thorn;e Grendel ær mâne âcwealde, <i>whom Grendel had before wickedly
+murdered</i>, <a href="#li1056">1056</a>; beorn âcwealde, <a href="#li2122">2122</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwên">cwên</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>wife, consort</i> (of noble birth): nom.
+sg. cwên, <a href="#li62">62</a>; (Hrô&eth;gâr's), <a href="#li614">614</a>, <a href="#li924">924</a>; (Finn's), <a href="#li1154">1154</a>.&mdash;2) particularly
+denoting the queen: nom. sg. beághroden cwên (Wealh&thorn;eów), <a href="#li624">624</a>; mæru
+cwên, <a href="#li2017">2017</a>; fremu folces cwên (&THORN;ry&eth;o), <a href="#li1933">1933</a>; acc. sg. cwên
+(Wealh&thorn;eów), <a href="#li666">666</a>.-Comp. folc-cwên.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwênlîc">cwên-lîc</a>, adj., <i>feminine, womanly</i>: nom. sg. ne bi&eth; swylc
+cwênlîc &thorn;eáw (<i>such is not the custom of women, does not become a
+woman</i>), <a href="#li1941">1941</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwealm">cwealm</a>, st. m., <i>violent death, murder, destruction</i>: acc.
+sg. &thorn;one cwealm gewräc, <i>avenged the death</i> (of Abel by Cain),
+<a href="#li107">107</a>; mændon mondryhtnes cwealm, <i>lamented the ruler's fall</i>,
+<a href="#li3150">3150</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bealo-, deá&eth;-, gâr-cwealm.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwealmbealu">cwealm-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>the evil of murder</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1941">1941</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwealmcuma">cwealm-cuma</a>, w. m., <i>one coming for murder, a new-comer who
+contemplates murder</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one cwealm-cuman (of Grendel), <a href="#li793">793</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwic">cwic</a> and <b>cwico</b>, adj., <i>quick, having life, alive</i>:
+acc. sg. cwicne, <a href="#li793">793</a>, <a href="#li2786">2786</a>; gen. sg. âht cwices, <i>something
+living</i>, <a href="#li2315">2315</a>; nom. pl. cwice, <a href="#li98">98</a>; cwico wäs &thorn;â gena, <i>was still
+alive</i>, <a href="#li3094">3094</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwide">cwide</a>, st. m., <i>word, speech, saying</i>: in comp. gegn-,
+gilp-, hleó-, &eth;or- [non-existant form&mdash;KTH], word-cwide.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcwîthan">cwî&eth;an</a>, st. v., <i>to complain, to lament</i>: inf. w. acc.
+ongan ... giogu&eth;e cwî&eth;an hilde-strengo, <i>began to lament the</i>
+(departed) <i>battle-strength of his youth</i>, <a href="#li2113">2113</a> [ceare] cwî&eth;an,
+<i>lament their cares</i>, <a href="#li3173">3173</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyme">cyme</a>, st. m., <i>coming, arrival</i>: nom. pl. hwanan eówre
+cyme syndon, <i>whence your coming is</i>, i. e. whence ye are,
+<a href="#li257">257</a>.&mdash;Comp. eft-cyme.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcymlîce">cymlîce</a>, adv., (convenienter), <i>splendidly, grandly</i>:
+comp. cymlîcor, <a href="#li38">38</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyn">cyn</a>, st. n., <i>race</i>, both in the general sense, and
+denoting noble lineage: nom. sg. Fresena cyn, <a href="#li1094">1094</a>; Wedera (gara, MS.)
+cyn, <a href="#li461">461</a>; acc. sg. eotena cyn, <a href="#li421">421</a>; giganta cyn, <a href="#li1691">1691</a>; dat. sg. Caines
+cynne, <a href="#li107">107</a>; manna cynne, <a href="#li811">811</a>, <a href="#li915">915</a>, <a href="#li1726">1726</a>; eówrum (of those who desert
+Beówulf in battle) cynne, <a href="#li2886">2886</a>; gen. sg. manna (gumena) cynnes, <a href="#li702">702</a>,
+etc.; mæran cynnes, <a href="#li1730">1730</a>; lâ&eth;an cynnes, <a href="#li2009">2009</a>, <a href="#li2355">2355</a>; ûsses cynnes
+Wægmundinga, <a href="#li2814">2814</a>; gen. pl. cynna gehwylcum, <a href="#li98">98</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eormen-,
+feorh-, frum-, gum-, man-, wyrm-cyn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyn">cyn</a>, st. n., <i>that which is suitable or proper</i>: gen. pl.
+cynna (of etiquette) gemyndig, <a href="#li614">614</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecynde">cynde</a>, adj., <i>innate, peculiar, natural</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2198">2198</a>, <a href="#li2697">2697</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcynedôm">cyne-dôm</a>, st. m., <i>kingdom, royal dignity</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2377">2377</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyning">cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king</i>: nom. acc. sg. cyning, II, <a href="#li864">864</a>,
+<a href="#li921">921</a>, etc.; kyning, <a href="#li620">620</a>, <a href="#li3173">3173</a>; dat. sg. cyninge, <a href="#li3094">3094</a>; gen. sg.
+cyninges, <a href="#li868">868</a>, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>; gen. pl. kyning[a] wuldor, of God, <a href="#li666">666</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+beorn-, eor&eth;-, folc-, gu&eth;-, heáh-, leód-, sæ-, sô&eth;-, &thorn;eód-, worold-,
+wuldor-cyning.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyningbeald">cyning-beald</a>, adj., &quot;<i>nobly bold</i>&quot; (Thorpe),
+<i>excellently brave</i> (?): nom. pl. cyning-balde men, <a href="#li1635">1635</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecyssan">cyssan</a>, w. v., <i>to kiss</i>: pret. gecyste &thorn;â cyning ...
+&thorn;egen betstan, <i>kissed the best thane</i> (Beówulf), <a href="#li1871">1871</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcyst">cyst</a> (<i>choosing</i>, see <a class="glentry" href="#glceósan">ceósan</a>), st. f., <i>the
+select, the best of a thing, good quality, excellence</i>: nom. sg.
+îrenna cyst, <i>of the swords</i>, <a href="#li803">803</a>, <a href="#li1698">1698</a>; wæpna cyst, <a href="#li1560">1560</a>; symbla
+cyst, <i>choice banquet</i>, <a href="#li1233">1233</a>; acc. sg. îrena cyst, <a href="#li674">674</a>; dat. pl.
+foldwegas ... cystum cû&eth;e, <i>known through excellent qualities</i>,
+<a href="#li868">868</a>; (cyning) cystum gecý&eth;ed, <a href="#li924">924</a>.&mdash;Comp. gum-, hilde-cyst.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcýth">cý&eth;</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gloncýth">on-cý&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcýthan">cý&eth;an</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glcûth">cû&eth;</a>), w. v., <i>to make known, to manifest,
+to show</i>: imp. sg. mägen-ellen cý&eth;, <i>show thy heroic
+strength</i>, <a href="#li660">660</a>; inf. cwealmbealu cý&eth;an, <a href="#li1941">1941</a>; ellen cý&eth;an, <a href="#li2696">2696</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-cý&eth;an (<i>to make known</i>, hence): 1) <i>to give information, to
+announce</i>: inf. andsware gecý&eth;an, <i>to give answer</i>, <a href="#li354">354</a>;
+gerund, tô gecý&eth;anne hwanan eówre cyme syndon (<i>to show whence ye
+come</i>), <a href="#li257">257</a>; pret. part. sô&eth; is gecý&eth;ed &thorn;ät ... (<i>the truth has
+become known</i>, it has shown itself to be true), <a href="#li701">701</a>; Higelâce wäs
+sî&eth; Beówulfes snûde gecý&eth;ed, <i>the arrival of B. was quickly
+announced</i>, <a href="#li1972">1972</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2325">2325</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to make celebrated</i>,
+in pret. part.: wäs mîn fäder folcum gecý&eth;ed (<i>my father was known
+to warriors</i>), <a href="#li262">262</a>; wäs his môdsefa manegum gecý&eth;ed, <a href="#li349">349</a>; cystum
+gecý&eth;ed, <a href="#li924">924</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcýththu">cý&eth;&eth;u</a> (properly, <i>condition of being known</i>, hence
+<i>relationship</i>), st. f., <i>home, country, land</i>: in comp.
+feor-cý&eth;&eth;u.</p> [should be cý&eth;, feor-cý&eth;&mdash;KTH]
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgecýpan">cýpan</a>, w. v., <i>to purchase</i>: inf. näs him ænig &thorn;earf
+&thorn;ät he ... &thorn;urfe wyrsan wîgfrecan weor&eth;e gecýpan, <i>had need to buy
+with treasures no inferior warrior</i>, <a href="#li2497">2497</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossD">D</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldaroth">daro&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>spear</i>: dat. pl. dare&eth;um lâcan (<i>to
+fight</i>), <a href="#li2849">2849</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedâl">dâl</a>, st. n., <i>parting, separation</i>: nom. sg. his
+worulde gedâl, <i>his separation from the world</i> (his death),
+<a href="#li3069">3069</a>.&mdash;Comp. ealdor-, lîf-gedâl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldäg">däg</a>, st. m., <i>day</i>: nom. sg. däg, <a href="#li485">485</a>, <a href="#li732">732</a>, <a href="#li2647">2647</a>; acc. sg.
+däg, <a href="#li2400">2400</a>; andlangne däg, <i>the whole day</i>, <a href="#li2116">2116</a>; morgenlongne däg
+(<i>the whole morning</i>), <a href="#li2895">2895</a>; ô&eth; dômes däg, <i>till
+judgment-day</i>, <a href="#li3070">3070</a>; dat. sg. on &thorn;äm däge &thorn;ysses lîfes (eo tempore,
+tunc), <a href="#li197">197</a>, <a href="#li791">791</a>, <a href="#li807">807</a>; gen. sg. däges, <a href="#li1601">1601</a>, <a href="#li2321">2321</a>; hwîl däges, <i>a
+day's time, a whole day</i>, <a href="#li1496">1496</a>; däges and nihtes, <i>day and
+night</i>, <a href="#li2270">2270</a>; däges, <i>by day</i>, <a href="#li1936">1936</a>; dat. pl. on tyn dagum,
+<i>in ten days</i>, <a href="#li3161">3161</a>.&mdash;Comp. ær-, deá&eth;-, ende-, ealdor-, fyrn-,
+geâr-, læn-, lîf-, swylt-, win-däg, an-däges.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldäghwîl">däg-hwîl</a>, st. f., <i>day-time</i>: acc. pl. &thorn;ät he däghwîla
+gedrogen häfde eor&eth;an wynne, <i>that he had enjoyed earth's pleasures
+during the days</i> (appointed to him), i.e. that his life was
+finished, <a href="#li2727">2727</a>.&mdash;(After Grein.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldägrîm">däg-rîm</a>, st. n., <i>series of days, fixed number of days</i>:
+nom. sg. dôgera dägrîm (<i>number of the days of his life</i>), <a href="#li824">824</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldæd">dæd</a>, st. f., <i>deed, action</i>: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, <a href="#li585">585</a>;
+dômleásan dæd, <a href="#li2891">2891</a>; frêcne dæde, <a href="#li890">890</a>; dæd, <a href="#li941">941</a>; acc. pl. Grendles
+dæda, <a href="#li195">195</a>; gen. pl. dæda, <a href="#li181">181</a>, <a href="#li479">479</a>, <a href="#li2455">2455</a>, etc.; dat. pl. dædum, <a href="#li1228">1228</a>,
+<a href="#li2437">2437</a>, etc.&mdash;Comp. ellen-, fyren-, lof-dæd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldædcêne">dæd-cêne</a>, adj., <i>bold in deed</i>: nom. sg. dæd-cêne mon,
+<a href="#li1646">1646</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldædfruma">dæd-fruma</a>, w. m., <i>doer of deeds, doer</i>: nom. sg., of Grendel, <a href="#li2091">2091</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldædbata">dæd-bata</a>, w. m., <i>he who pursues with his deeds</i>: nom. sg.,
+of Grendel, <a href="#li275">275</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldædla">dædla</a>, w. m., <i>doer</i>: in comp. mân-for-dædla.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldæl">dæl</a>, st. m., <i>part, portion</i>: acc. sg. dæl, <a href="#li622">622</a>, <a href="#li2246">2246</a>,
+<a href="#li3128">3128</a>; acc. pl. dælas, <a href="#li1733">1733</a>.&mdash;Often dæl designates the portion of a
+thing or of a quality which belongs in general to an individual, as,
+ô&eth; &thorn;ät him on innan oferhygda dæl weaxe&eth;, <i>till in his bosom his
+portion of arrogance increases</i>: i.e. whatever arrogance he has,
+his arrogance, <a href="#li1741">1741</a>. Biówulfe wear&eth; dryhtmâ&eth;ma dæl deá&eth;e, forgolden,
+<i>to Beówulf his part of the splendid treasures was paid with
+death</i>, i.e. whatever splendid treasures were allotted to him,
+whatever part of them he could win in the fight with the dragon, <a href="#li2844">2844</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li1151">1151</a>, <a href="#li1753">1753</a>, <a href="#li2029">2029</a>, <a href="#li2069">2069</a>, <a href="#li3128">3128</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldælan">dælan</a>, w. v., <i>to divide, to bestow, to share with</i>, w.
+acc.: pres. sg. III. mâdmas dæle&eth;, <a href="#li1757">1757</a>; pres. subj. &thorn;ät he wi&eth;
+aglæcean eofo&eth;o dæle, <i>that he bestow his strength upon</i>
+(strive with) <i>the bringer of misery</i> the drake), <a href="#li2535">2535</a>; inf.
+hringas dælan, <a href="#li1971">1971</a>; pret. beágas dælde, <a href="#li80">80</a>; sceattas dælde, <a href="#li1687">1687</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-dælan, w. instr., <i>(to divide), to tear away from, to strip
+of</i>: pret. part. dreámum (dreáme) bedæled, <i>deprived of the
+heavenly joys</i> (of Grendel), <a href="#li722">722</a>, <a href="#li1276">1276</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-dælan: 1) <i>to distribute</i>: inf. (w. acc. <i>of the
+thing distributed</i>); bær on innan eall gedælan geongum and ealdum
+swylc him god sealde, <i>distribute therein to young and old all that
+God had given him</i>, <a href="#li71">71</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to divide, to separate</i>, with
+acc.: inf. sundur gedælan lîf wi&eth; lîce, <i>separate life from the
+body</i>, <a href="#li2423">2423</a>; so pret. subj. &thorn;ät he gedælde ... ânra gehwylces lîf
+wi&eth; lîce, <a href="#li732">732</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldenn">denn</a> (cf. denu, dene, vallis), st. n., <i>den, cave</i>: acc.
+sg. &thorn;äs wyrmes denn, <a href="#li2761">2761</a>; gen. sg. (draca) gewât dennes niósian,
+<a href="#li3046">3046</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedefe">defe</a>, adj.: 1) (impersonal) <i>proper, appropriate</i>: nom.
+sg. swâ hit gedêfe wäs (bi&eth;), <i>as was appropriate, proper</i>, <a href="#li561">561</a>,
+<a href="#li1671">1671</a>, <a href="#li3176">3176</a>.&mdash;2) <i>good, kind, friendly</i>; nom sg. beó &thorn;u suna mînum
+dædum gedêfe, <i>be friendly to my son by deeds</i> (support my son in
+deed, namely, when he shall have attained to the government),
+<a href="#li1228">1228</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-ge-dêfelîce.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldêman">dêman</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#gldôm">dôm</a>), w. v.: 1) <i>to judge, to award
+justly</i>: pres. subj. mær&eth;o dême, <a href="#li688">688</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to judge favorably, to
+praise, to glorify</i>: pret. pl. his ellenweorc dugu&eth;um dêmdon,
+<i>praised his heroic deed with all their might</i>, <a href="#li3176">3176</a>.</p>
+
+<p>dêmend, <i>judge</i>: dæda dêmend (of God), <a href="#li181">181</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeal">deal</a>, adj., &quot;superbus, clarus, fretus&quot; (Grimm): nom. pl. &thorn;ry&eth;um
+dealle, <a href="#li494">494</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeád">deád</a>, adj., <i>dead</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li467">467</a>, <a href="#li1324">1324</a>, <a href="#li2373">2373</a>; acc. sg.
+deádne, <a href="#li1310">1310</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáth">deá&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>death, dying</i>: nom. sg, deá&eth;, <a href="#li441">441</a>, <a href="#li447">447</a>,
+etc.; acc. sg. deá&eth;, <a href="#li2169">2169</a>; dat. sg. deá&eth;e, <a href="#li1389">1389</a>, <a href="#li1590">1590</a>, (as instr.)
+<a href="#li2844">2844</a>, <a href="#li3046">3046</a>; gen. sg. deá&eth;es wylm, <a href="#li2270">2270</a>; deá&eth;es nýd, <a href="#li2455">2455</a>.&mdash;Comp. gû&eth;-,
+wäl-, wundor-deá&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáthbed">deá&eth;-bed</a>, st. n., <i>death-bed</i>: dat. sg. deá&eth;-bedde fäst,
+<a href="#li2902">2902</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáthcwalu">deá&eth;-cwalu</a>, st. f., <i>violent death</i>, <i>ruin and
+death</i>: dat. pl. tô deá&eth;-cwalum, <a href="#li1713">1713</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáthcwealm">deá&eth;-cwealm</a>, st. m., <i>violent death, murder</i>: nom. sg.
+<a href="#li1671">1671</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáthdäg">deá&eth;-däg</a>, st. m., <i>death-day, dying day</i>: dat. sg. äfter
+deá&eth;-däge (<i>after his death</i>), <a href="#li187">187</a>, <a href="#li886">886</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeáthfæge">deá&eth;-fæge</a>, adj., <i>given over to death</i>: nom. sg. (Grendel)
+deá&eth;-fæge deóg, <i>had hidden himself, being given over to death</i>
+(mortally wounded), <a href="#li851">851</a>.</p>
+
+<p>deá&eth;-scûa, w. m., <i>death-shadow, ghostly being, demon of death</i>:
+nom. sg. deorc deá&eth;-scûa (of Grendel), <a href="#li160">160</a>.</p>
+
+<p>deá&eth;-wêrig, adj., <i>weakened by death</i>, i.e. dead: acc. sg.
+deá&eth;-wêrigne, <a href="#li2126">2126</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwêrig">wêrig</a>.</p>
+
+<p>deá&eth;-wîc, st. n. <i>death's house, home of death</i>: acc. sg. gewât
+deá&eth;wîc seón (<i>had died</i>), <a href="#li1276">1276</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeágan">deágan</a> (O.H.G. pret. part. tougan, <i>hidden</i>), <i>to
+conceal one's self, to hide</i>: pret. (for pluperf.) deóg, <a href="#li851">851</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeorc">deorc</a>, adj., <i>dark</i>: of the night, nom. sg. (nihthelm)
+deorc, <a href="#li1791">1791</a>; dat. pl. deorcum nihtum, <a href="#li275">275</a>, <a href="#li2212">2212</a>; of the terrible
+Grendel, nom. sg. deorc deá&eth;-scûa, <a href="#li160">160</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeófol">deófol</a>, st. m. n., <i>devil</i>: gen. sg. deófles, <a href="#li2089">2089</a>; gen. pl.
+deófla, of Grendel and his troop, <a href="#li757">757</a>, <a href="#li1681">1681</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeógol">deógol, dýgol</a>, adj., <i>concealed, hidden, inaccessible, beyond
+information, unknown</i>: nom. sg. deógol dædhata (of Grendel), <a href="#li275">275</a>;
+acc. sg. dýgel lond, <i>inaccessible land</i>, <a href="#li1358">1358</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeóp">deóp</a>, st. n., <i>deep, abyss</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2550">2550</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeóp">deóp</a>, adv. <i>deeply</i>: acc. sg. deóp wäter, <a href="#li509">509</a>, <a href="#li1905">1905</a>.</p>
+
+<p>diópe, adj., <i>deep</i>: hit ô&eth; dômes däg diópe benemdon &thorn;eódnas
+mære, <i>the illustrious rulers had charmed it deeply till the
+judgment-day, had laid a solemn spell upon it</i>, <a href="#li3070">3070</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeór">deór</a>, st. n., <i>animal, wild animal</i>: in comp. mere-,
+sæ-deór.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeór">deór</a>, adj.: 1) <i>wild, terrible</i>: nom. sg. diór dæd-fruma
+(of Grendel), <a href="#li2091">2091</a>.&mdash;2) <i>bold, brave</i>: nom. nænig ... deór,
+<a href="#li1934">1934</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hea&eth;u-, hilde-deór.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeóre">deóre, dýre</a>, adj.: 1) <i>dear, costly</i> (high in price): acc.
+sg. dýre îren, <a href="#li2051">2051</a>; drincfät dýre (deóre), <a href="#li2307">2307</a>, <a href="#li2255">2255</a>; instr. sg.
+deóran sweorde, <a href="#li561">561</a>; dat. sg. deórum mâ&eth;me, <a href="#li1529">1529</a>; nom. pl. dýre swyrd,
+<a href="#li3049">3049</a>; acc. pl. deóre (dýre) mâ&eth;mas, <a href="#li2237">2237</a>, <a href="#li3132">3132</a>.&mdash;2) <i>dear, beloved,
+worthy</i>: nom. sg. f., ä&eth;elum dióre, <i>worthy by reason of
+origin</i>, <a href="#li1950">1950</a>; dat. sg. äfter deórum men, <a href="#li1880">1880</a>; gen. sg. deórre
+dugu&eth;e, <a href="#li488">488</a>; superl. acc. sg. aldor&thorn;egn &thorn;one deórestan, <a href="#li1310">1310</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeórlîc">deór-lîc</a>, adj., <i>bold, brave</i>: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, <a href="#li585">585</a>.
+See <a class="glentry" href="#gldeór">deór</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldisc">disc</a>, st. m., <i>disc, plate, flat dish</i>: nom. acc. pl.
+discas, <a href="#li2776">2776</a>, <a href="#li3049">3049</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedîgan">dîgan</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgedýgan">dýgan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldolgilp">dol-gilp</a>, st. m., <i>mad boast, foolish pride, vain-glory,
+thoughtless audacity</i>: dat. sg. for dolgilpe, <a href="#li509">509</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldollîc">dol-lîc</a>, adj., <i>audacious</i>: gen. pl. mæst ... dæda
+dollîcra, <a href="#li2647">2647</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldolsceatha">dol-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>bold enemy</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one dol-sca&eth;an
+(Grendel), <a href="#li479">479</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldôgor">dôgor</a>, st. m. n., <i>day</i>; 1) day as a period of 24 hours:
+gen. sg. ymb ântîd ô&eth;res dôgores, <i>at the same time of the next
+day</i>, <a href="#li219">219</a>; morgen-leóht ô&eth;res dôgores, <i>the morning-light of the
+second day</i>, <a href="#li606">606</a>.&mdash;2) day in the usual sense: acc. sg. n. &thorn;ys
+dôgor, <i>during this day</i>, <a href="#li1396">1396</a>; instr. &thorn;ý dôgore, <a href="#li1798">1798</a>; forman
+dôgore, <a href="#li2574">2574</a>; gen. pl. dôgora gehwâm, <a href="#li88">88</a>; dôgra gehwylce, <a href="#li1091">1091</a>;
+dôgera dägrim, <i>the number of his days</i> (the days of his life),
+<a href="#li824">824</a>.&mdash;3) <i>day</i> in the wider sense of time: dat. pl. ufaran
+dôgrum, <i>in later days, times</i>, <a href="#li2201">2201</a>, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>.&mdash;Comp. ende-dôgor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldôgorgerîm">dôgor-gerîm</a>, st. n., <i>series of days</i>: gen. sg. wäs eall
+sceacen dôgor-gerîmes, <i>the whole number of his days</i> (his life)
+<i>was past</i>, <a href="#li2729">2729</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldôhtor">dôhtor</a>, st. f., <i>daughter</i>: nom. acc. sg. dôhtor, <a href="#li375">375</a>,
+<a href="#li1077">1077</a>, <a href="#li1930">1930</a>, <a href="#li1982">1982</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldôm">dôm</a>, st. m.: I., <i>condition, state in general</i>; in comp.
+cyne-, wis-dôm.&mdash;II., having reference to justice, hence: 1)
+<i>judgment, judicial opinion</i>: instr. sg. weotena dôme,
+<i>according to the judgment of the Witan</i>, <a href="#li1099">1099</a>. 2) <i>custom</i>:
+äfter dôme, <i>according to custom</i>, <a href="#li1721">1721</a>. 3) <i>court,
+tribunal</i>: gen. sg. miclan dômes, <a href="#li979">979</a>; ô&eth; dômes däg, <a href="#li3070">3070</a>, both
+times of the last judgment.&mdash;III., <i>condition of freedom</i> or
+<i>superiority</i>, hence: 4) <i>choice, free will</i>: acc. sg. on
+sînne sylfes dôm, <i>according to his own choice</i>, <a href="#li2148">2148</a>; instr. sg.
+selfes dôme, <a href="#li896">896</a>, <a href="#li2777">2777</a>. 5) <i>might, power</i>: nom. sg. dôm godes,
+<a href="#li2859">2859</a>; acc. sg. Eofores ânne dôm, <a href="#li2965">2965</a>; dat. sg. drihtnes dôme, <a href="#li441">441</a>. 6)
+<i>glory, honor, renown</i>: nom. sg. [dôm], <a href="#li955">955</a>; dôm unlytel, <i>not
+a little glory</i>, <a href="#li886">886</a>; &thorn;ät wäs forma sî&eth; deórum mâ&eth;me &thorn;ät his dôm
+âläg, <i>it was the first time to the dear treasure</i> (the sword
+Hrunting) <i>that its fame was not made good</i>, <a href="#li1529">1529</a>; acc. sg. ic me
+dôm gewyrce, <i>make renown for myself</i>, <a href="#li1492">1492</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;u ne âlæte dôm
+gedreósan, <i>that thou let not honor fall</i>, <a href="#li2667">2667</a>; dat. instr. sg.
+&thorn;ær he dôme forleás, <i>here he lost his reputation</i>, <a href="#li1471">1471</a>; dôme
+gewur&eth;ad, <i>adorned with glory</i>, <a href="#li1646">1646</a>; gen. sg. wyrce se &thorn;e môte
+dômes, <i>let him make himself reputation, whoever is able</i>, <a href="#li1389">1389</a>.
+7) <i>splendor</i> (in heaven): acc. sô&eth;-fästra dôm, <i>the glory of
+the saints</i>, <a href="#li2821">2821</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldômleás">dôm-leás</a>, adj., <i>without reputation, inglorious</i>: acc. sg.
+f. dômleásan dæd, <a href="#li2891">2891</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldôn">dôn</a>, red. v., <i>to do, to make, to treat</i>: 1) absolutely:
+imp. dô&eth; swâ ic bidde, <i>do as I beg</i>, <a href="#li1232">1232</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc.: inf. hêt
+hire selfre sunu on bæl dôn, <a href="#li1117">1117</a>; pret. &thorn;â he him of dyde
+îsernbyrnan, <i>took off the iron corselet</i>, <a href="#li672">672</a>; (&thorn;onne) him
+Hûnlâfing, ... billa sêlest, on bearm dyde, <i>when he made a present
+to him of Hûnlâfing, the best of swords</i>, <a href="#li1145">1145</a>; dyde him of healse
+hring gyldenne, <i>took off the gold ring from his neck</i>, <a href="#li2810">2810</a>; ne
+him &thorn;äs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde, eafo&eth; and ellen, <i>nor did he
+reckon as anything the drake's fighting, power, and strength</i>,
+<a href="#li2349">2349</a>; pl. hi on beorg dydon bêg and siglu, <i>placed in the (grave-)
+mound rings and ornaments</i>, <a href="#li3165">3165</a>.&mdash;3) representing preceding verbs:
+inf. tô Geátum sprec mildum wordum! swâ sceal man dôn, <i>as one
+should do</i>, <a href="#li1173">1173</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>, <a href="#li2167">2167</a>; pres. metod eallum weóld,
+swâ he nu git dê&eth;, <i>the creator ruled over all, as he still
+does</i>, <a href="#li1059">1059</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2471">2471</a>, <a href="#li2860">2860</a>, and (sg. for pl.) <a href="#li1135">1135</a>; pret.
+II. swâ &thorn;u ær dydest, <a href="#li1677">1677</a>; III. swâ he nu gyt dyde, <a href="#li957">957</a>; similarly,
+<a href="#li1382">1382</a>, <a href="#li1892">1892</a>, <a href="#li2522">2522</a>; pl. swâ hie oft ær dydon, <a href="#li1239">1239</a>; similarly, <a href="#li3071">3071</a>.
+With the case also which the preceding verb governs: wên' ic &thorn;ät he
+wille ... Geátena leóde etan unforhte, swâ he oft dyde mägen
+Hrê&eth;manna, <i>I believe he will wish to devour the Geát people, the
+fearless, as he often did</i> (devoured) <i>the bloom of the
+Hrê&eth;men</i>, <a href="#li444">444</a>; gif ic &thorn;ät gefricge ... &thorn;ät &thorn;ec ymbesittend egesan
+&thorn;ýwa&eth;, swâ &thorn;ec hetende hwîlum dydon, <i>that the neighbors distress
+thee as once the enemy did thee</i> (i.e. distressed), <a href="#li1829">1829</a>; gif ic
+ôwihte mäg &thorn;înre môd-lufan mâran tilian &thorn;onne ic gyt dyde, <i>if I can
+with anything obtain thy greater love than I have yet done</i>, <a href="#li1825">1825</a>;
+similarly, pl. &thorn;onne &thorn;â dydon, <a href="#li44">44</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-dôn, <i>to do, to make</i>, with the acc. and predicate adj.: prs.
+(god) gedê&eth; him swâ gewealdene worolde dælas, <i>makes the parts of
+the world</i> (i.e. the whole world) <i>so subject that ...</i>, <a href="#li1733">1733</a>;
+inf. ne hyne on medo-bence micles wyr&eth;ne drihten wereda gedôn wolde,
+<i>nor would the leader of the people much honor him at the
+mead-banquet</i>, <a href="#li2187">2187</a>. With adv.: he mec &thorn;ær on innan ... gedôn
+wolde, <i>wished to place me in there</i>, <a href="#li2091">2091</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldraca">draca</a>, w. m., <i>drake, dragon</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li893">893</a>, <a href="#li2212">2212</a>; acc.
+sg. dracan, <a href="#li2403">2403</a>, <a href="#li3132">3132</a>; gen. sg., <a href="#li2089">2089</a>, <a href="#li2291">2291</a>, <a href="#li2550">2550</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eor&eth;-,
+fýr-, lêg-, lîg-, nî&eth;-draca.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glondrædan">drædan</a>, st. v., w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the pers.,
+<i>to fear, to be afraid of</i>: inf. &thorn;ät &thorn;u him on-drædan ne &thorn;earft
+... aldorbealu, <i>needest not fear death for them</i>, <a href="#li1675">1675</a>; pret. nô
+he him &thorn;â säcce ondrêd, <i>was not afraid of the combat</i>, <a href="#li2348">2348</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedräg">dräg</a> (from dragan, in the sense se gerere), st. n.,
+<i>demeanor, actions</i>: acc. sg. sêcan deófla gedräg, <a href="#li757">757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrepan">drepan</a>, st. v., <i>to hit, to strike</i>: pret. sg. sweorde
+drep ferh&eth;-genî&eth;lan, <a href="#li2881">2881</a>; pret. part. bi&eth; on hre&eth;re ... drepen
+biteran stræle, <i>struck in the breast with piercing arrow</i>, <a href="#li1746">1746</a>;
+wäs in feorh dropen (<i>fatally hit</i>), <a href="#li2982">2982</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrepe">drepe</a>, st. m., <i>blow, stroke</i>: acc. sg. drepe, <a href="#li1590">1590</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrêfan">drêfan</a>, ge-<b>drêfan</b>, w. v., <i>to move, to agitate, to
+stir up</i>: inf. gewât ... drêfan deóp wäter (<i>to navigate</i>),
+<a href="#li1905">1905</a>; pret. part. wäter under stôd dreórig and gedrêfed, <a href="#li1418">1418</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreám">dreám</a>, st. m., <i>rejoicing, joyous actions, joy</i>: nom. sg.
+häle&eth;a dreám, <a href="#li497">497</a>; acc. sg. dreám hlûdne, <a href="#li88">88</a>; &thorn;u ... dreám healdende,
+<i>thou who livest in rejoicing</i> (at the drinking-carouse), <i>who
+art joyous</i>, <a href="#li1228">1228</a>: dat. instr. sg. dreáme bedæled, <a href="#li1276">1276</a>; gen. pl.
+dreáma leás, <a href="#li851">851</a>; dat. pl. dreámum (here adverbial) lifdon, <i>lived
+in rejoicing, joyously</i>, <a href="#li99">99</a>; dreámum bedæled, <a href="#li722">722</a>; the last may
+refer also to heavenly joys.&mdash;Comp. gleó-, gum-, man-, sele-dreám.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreámleás">dreám-leás</a>, adj., <i>without rejoicing, joyless</i>: nom. sg.
+of King Heremôd, <a href="#li1721">1721</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreógan">dreógan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to lead a life, to be in a certain
+condition</i>: pret. dreáh äfter dôme, <i>lived in honor, honorably</i>,
+<a href="#li2180">2180</a>; pret. pl. fyren-&thorn;earfe ongeat, &thorn;ät hie ær drugon aldorleáse lange
+hwile, <i>(God) had seen the great distress, (had seen) that they had lived
+long without a ruler</i> (?), <a href="#li15">15</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to experience, to live through, to
+do, to make, to enjoy</i>: imp. dreóh symbelwynne, <i>pass through the
+pleasure of the meal, to enjoy the meal</i>, <a href="#li1783">1783</a>; inf. driht-scype dreógan
+(<i>do a heroic deed</i>), <a href="#li1471">1471</a>; pret. sundnytte dreáh (<i>had the
+occupation of swimming</i>, i.e. swam through the sea), <a href="#li2361">2361</a>; pret. pl. hie
+gewin drugon (<i>fought</i>), <a href="#li799">799</a>; hî sî&eth; drugon, <i>made the way,
+went</i>, <a href="#li1967">1967</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to experience, to bear, to suffer</i>: scealt werh&eth;o
+dreógan, <i>shall suffer damnation</i>, <a href="#li590">590</a>; pret. &thorn;egn-sorge dreáh,
+<i>bore sorrow for his heroes</i>, <a href="#li131">131</a>; nearo&thorn;earfe dreáh, <a href="#li422">422</a>; pret. pl.
+inwidsorge &thorn;e hie ær drugon, <a href="#li832">832</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1859">1859</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-dreógan, <i>to suffer, to endure</i>: inf. wræc âdreógan, <a href="#li3079">3079</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-dreógan, <i>to live through, to enjoy</i>, pret. part. &thorn;ät he ...
+gedrogen häfde eor&eth;an wynne, <i>that he had now enjoyed the pleasures
+of earth</i> (i.e. that he was at his death), <a href="#li2727">2727</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreór">dreór</a>, st. m., <i>blood dropping or flowing from wounds</i>:
+instr. sg. dreóre, <a href="#li447">447</a>.&mdash;Comp. heoru-, sâwul-, wäl-dreór.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreórfâh">dreór-fâh</a>, adj., <i>colored with blood, spotted with blood</i>:
+nom. sg. <a href="#li485">485</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldreórig">dreórig</a>, adj., <i>bloody, bleeding</i>: nom. sg. wäter stôd
+dreórig, <a href="#li1418">1418</a>; acc. sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, <a href="#li2790">2790</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+heoru-dreórig.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedreósan">dreósan</a>, st. v., <i>to fall down, to sink</i>: pres. sg.
+III. lîc-homa læne gedreóse&eth;, <i>the body, belonging to death, sinks
+down</i>, <a href="#li1755">1755</a>; inf. &thorn;ät &thorn;u ne âlæte dôm gedreósan, <i>honor fall,
+sink</i>, <a href="#li2667">2667</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrincan">drincan</a>, st. v., <i>to drink</i> (with and without the acc.):
+pres. part. nom. pl. ealo drincende, <a href="#li1946">1946</a>; pret. blôd êdrum dranc,
+<i>drank the blood in streams</i>(?), <a href="#li743">743</a>; pret. pl. druncon wîn
+weras, <i>the men drank wine</i>, <a href="#li1234">1234</a>; &thorn;ær guman druncon, <i>where
+the men drank</i>, <a href="#li1649">1649</a>. The pret. part., when it stands absolutely,
+has an active sense: nom. pl. druncne dryhtguman, <i>ye warriors who
+have drunk, are drinking</i>, <a href="#li1232">1232</a>; acc. pl. nealles druncne slôg
+heor&eth;-geneátas, <i>slew not his hearth-companions who had drunk with
+him</i>, i.e. at the banquet, <a href="#li2180">2180</a>. With the instr. it means
+<i>drunken</i>: nom. sg. beóre (wîne) druncen, <a href="#li531">531</a>, <a href="#li1468">1468</a>; nom. pl.
+beóre druncne, <a href="#li480">480</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrîfan">drîfan</a>, st. v., <i>to drive</i>: pres. pl. &thorn;â &thorn;e brentingas
+ofer flôda genipu feorran drîfa&eth;, <i>who drive their ships thither from
+afar over the darkness of the sea</i>, <a href="#li2809">2809</a>; inf. (w. acc.) &thorn;eáh &thorn;e he
+[ne] meahte on mere drîfan hringedstefnan, <i>although he could not
+drive the ship on the sea</i>, <a href="#li1131">1131</a>.</p>
+
+<p>to-drîfan, <i>to drive apart, to disperse</i>: pret. ô&eth; &thorn;ät unc flôd
+tôdrâf, <a href="#li545">545</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrohtoth">drohto&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>mode of living</i> or <i>acting, calling,
+employment</i>: nom. sg. ne wäs his drohto&eth; &thorn;ær swylce he ær gemêtte,
+<i>there was no employment for him</i> (Grendel) <i>there such as he
+had found formerly</i>, <a href="#li757">757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrusian">drusian</a>, w. v. (cf. <a class="glentry" href="#gldreósan">dreósan</a>, properly, <i>to be ready to
+fall</i>; here of water), <i>to stagnate, to be putrid</i>. pret. lagu
+drusade (through the blood of Grendel and his mother), <a href="#li1631">1631</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryht">dryht, driht</a>, st. f., <i>company, troop, band of warriors;
+noble band</i>: in comp. mago-driht.</p>
+
+<p>ge-dryht, ge-driht, st. f., <i>troop, band of noble warriors</i>: nom.
+sg. mînra eorla gedryht, <a href="#li431">431</a>; acc. sg. ä&eth;elinga gedriht, <a href="#li118">118</a>; mid his
+eorla (häle&eth;a) gedriht (gedryht), <a href="#li357">357</a>, <a href="#li663">663</a>; similarly, <a href="#li634">634</a>,
+<a href="#li1673">1673</a>.&mdash;Comp. sibbe-gedriht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtbearn">dryht-bearn</a>, st. n., <i>youth from a noble warrior band, noble
+young man</i>: nom. sg. dryhtbearn Dena, <a href="#li2036">2036</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhten">dryhten, drihten</a>, st. m., <i>commander, lord</i>: a)
+<i>temporal lord</i>: nom. sg. dryhten, <a href="#li1485">1485</a>, <a href="#li2001">2001</a>, etc.; drihten,
+<a href="#li1051">1051</a>; dat. dryhtne, <a href="#li2483">2483</a>, etc.; dryhten, <a href="#li1832">1832</a>.&mdash;b) <i>God</i>: nom.
+drihten, <a href="#li108">108</a>, etc.; dryhten, <a href="#li687">687</a>, etc.; dat. sg. dryhtne, <a href="#li1693">1693</a>, etc.;
+drihtne, <a href="#li1399">1399</a>, etc.; gen. sg. dryhtnes, <a href="#li441">441</a>; drihtnes, <a href="#li941">941</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+freá-, freó-, gum-, man-, sige-, wine-dryhten.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtguma">dryht-guma</a>, w. m., <i>one of a troop of warriors, noble
+warrior</i>: dat. sg. drihtguman, <a href="#li1389">1389</a>; nom. pl. drihtguman, <a href="#li99">99</a>;
+dryhtguman, <a href="#li1232">1232</a>; dat. pl. ofer dryhtgumum, <a href="#li1791">1791</a> (of Hrô&eth;gâr's
+warriors).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtlîc">dryht-lîc</a>, adj., <i>(that which befits a noble troop of
+warriors), noble, excellent</i>: dryhtlîc îren, <i>excellent
+sword</i>, <a href="#li893">893</a>; acc. sg. f. (with an acc. sg. n.) drihtlîce wîf (of
+Hildeburh), <a href="#li1159">1159</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtmâthum">dryht-mâ&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>excellent jewel, splendid treasure</i>:
+gen. pl. dryhtmâ&eth;ma, <a href="#li2844">2844</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtscipe">dryht-scipe</a>, st. m., <i>(lord-ship) warlike virtue, bravery;
+heroic deed</i>: acc. sg. drihtscype dreógan, <i>to do a heroic
+deed</i>, <a href="#li1471">1471</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtsele">dryht-sele</a>, st. m., <i>excellent, splendid hall</i>: nom. sg.
+driht-sele, <a href="#li485">485</a>; dryhtsele, <a href="#li768">768</a>; acc. sg. dryhtsele, <a href="#li2321">2321</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryhtsib">dryht-sib</a>, st. f., <i>peace</i> or <i>friendship between troops
+of noble warriors</i>: gen. sg. dryhtsibbe, <a href="#li2069">2069</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrync">drync</a>, st. m., <i>drink</i>: in comp. heoru-drync.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldryncfät">drync-fät</a>, st. n., <i>vessel for drink, to receive the
+drink</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2255">2255</a>; drinc-fät, <a href="#li2307">2307</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrysmian">drysmian</a>, w. v., <i>to become obscure, gloomy</i> (through the
+falling rain): pres. sg. III. lyft drysma&eth;, <a href="#li1376">1376</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrysne">drysne</a>, adj. See <a class="glentry" href="#glondrysne">on-drysne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldugan">dugan</a>, v., <i>to avail, to be capable, to be good</i>: pres.
+sg. III. hûru se aldor deáh, <i>especially is the prince capable</i>,
+<a href="#li369">369</a>; &eth;onne his ellen deáh, <i>if his strength avails, is good</i>,
+<a href="#li573">573</a>; &thorn;e him selfa deáh, <i>who is capable of himself, who can rely on
+himself</i>, <a href="#li1840">1840</a>; pres. subj. &thorn;eáh &thorn;în wit duge, <i>though, indeed,
+your understanding be good, avail</i>, <a href="#li590">590</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1661">1661</a>, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>;
+pret. sg. &thorn;u ûs wel dohtest, <i>you did us good, conducted yourself
+well towards us</i>, <a href="#li1822">1822</a>; similarly, nu seó hand lige&eth; se &thorn;e eów
+welhwylcra wilna dohte, <i>which was helpful to each one of your
+desires</i>, <a href="#li1345">1345</a>; pret. subj. &thorn;eáh &thorn;u hea&eth;oræsa gehwær dohte,
+<i>though thou wast everywhere strong in battle</i>, <a href="#li526">526</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glduguth">dugu&eth;</a> (<i>state of being fit, capable</i>), st. f.: 1)
+<i>capability, strength</i>: dat. pl. for duge&eth;um, <i>in
+ability</i>(?), <a href="#li2502">2502</a>; dugu&eth;um dêmdon, <i>praised with all their
+might</i>(?), <a href="#li3176">3176</a>.&mdash;2) <i>men capable of bearing arms, band of
+warriors</i>, esp., <i>noble warriors</i>: nom. sg. dugu&eth; unlytel,
+<a href="#li498">498</a>; dugu&eth;, <a href="#li1791">1791</a>, <a href="#li2255">2255</a>; dat. sg. for dugu&eth;e, <i>before the heroes</i>,
+<a href="#li2021">2021</a>; nalles frätwe geaf ealdor dugu&eth;e, <i>gave the band of heroes no
+treasure</i> (more), <a href="#li2921">2921</a>; leóda dugu&eth;e on lâst, <i>upon the track of
+the heroes of the people</i>, i.e. after them, <a href="#li2946">2946</a>; gen. sg. cû&eth;e he
+dugu&eth;e &thorn;eáw, <i>the custom of the noble warriors</i>, <a href="#li359">359</a>; deórre
+dugu&eth;e, <a href="#li488">488</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2239">2239</a>, <a href="#li2659">2659</a>; acc. pl. dugu&eth;a, <a href="#li2036">2036</a>.&mdash;3)
+contrasted with geogo&eth;, dugu&eth; designates the noted warriors of noble
+birth (as in the Middle Ages, knights in contrast with squires): so
+gen. sg. dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e, <a href="#li160">160</a>; gehwylc ... dugu&eth;e and iogo&eth;e, <a href="#li1675">1675</a>;
+dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e dæl æghwylcne, <a href="#li622">622</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldurran">durran</a>, v. pret. and pres. <i>to dare</i>; prs. sg. II. &thorn;u
+dearst bîdan, <i>darest to await</i>, <a href="#li527">527</a>; III. he gesêcean dear, <a href="#li685">685</a>;
+pres. subj. sêc gyf &thorn;u dyrre, <i>seek</i> (Grendel's mother), <i>if
+thou dare</i>, <a href="#li1380">1380</a>; pret. dorste, <a href="#li1463">1463</a>, <a href="#li1469">1469</a>, etc.; pl. dorston,
+<a href="#li2849">2849</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glduru">duru</a>, st. f., <i>door, gate, wicket</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li722">722</a>; acc.
+sg. [duru], <a href="#li389">389</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedûfan">dûfan</a>, st. v., <i>to dip in, to sink into</i>: pret. &thorn;ät
+sweord gedeáf (<i>the sword sank into the drake</i>, of a blow), <a href="#li2701">2701</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-dûfan, <i>to dive through; to swim through, diving</i>: pret.
+wäter up &thorn;urh-deáf, <i>swam through the water upwards</i> (because he
+was before at the bottom), <a href="#li1620">1620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldwellan">dwellan</a>, w. v., <i>to mislead, to hinder</i>: prs. III. nô hine
+wiht dwele&eth;, âdl ne yldo, <i>him nothing misleads, neither sickness
+nor age</i>, <a href="#li1736">1736</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldyhtig">dyhtig</a>, adj., <i>useful, good for</i>: nom. sg. n. sweord ... ecgum
+dyhtig, <a href="#li1288">1288</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldynnan">dynnan</a>, w. v., <i>to sound, to groan, to roar</i>: pret.
+dryhtsele (healwudu, hruse) dynede, <a href="#li768">768</a>, <a href="#li1318">1318</a>, <a href="#li2559">2559</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldyrne">dyrne</a>, adj.: 1) <i>concealed, secret, retired</i>: nom. sg.
+dyrne, <a href="#li271">271</a>; acc. sg. dryhtsele dyrnne (of the drake's cave-hall),
+<a href="#li2321">2321</a>.&mdash;2) <i>secret, malicious, hidden by sorcery</i>: dat. instr. sg.
+dyrnan cräfte, <i>with secret magic art</i>, <a href="#li2291">2291</a>; dyrnum cräfte,
+<a href="#li2169">2169</a>; gen. pl. dyrnra gâsta, <i>of malicious spirits</i> (of Grendel's
+kin), <a href="#li1358">1358</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-dyrne.</p>
+
+<p>dyrne, adv., <i>in secret, secretly</i>: him ...äfter deórum men dyrne
+langa&eth;, <i>longs in secret for the dear man</i>, <a href="#li1880">1880</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldyrstig">dyrstig</a>, adj., <i>bold, daring</i>: &thorn;eáh &thorn;e he dæda gehwäs
+dyrstig wære, <i>although he had been courageous for every deed</i>,
+<a href="#li2839">2839</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgedýgan">dýgan</a>, ge-<b>dîgan</b>, w. v., <i>to endure, to
+overcome</i>, with the acc. of the thing endured: pres. sg. II. gif &thorn;u
+&thorn;ät ellenweorc aldre gedîgest, <i>if thou survivest the heroic work
+with thy life</i>, <a href="#li662">662</a>; III. &thorn;ät &thorn;one hilderæs hâl gedîge&eth;, <i>that he
+survives the battle in safety</i>, <a href="#li300">300</a>; similarly, inf. unfæge gedîgan
+weán and wräcsî&eth;, <a href="#li2293">2293</a>; hwä&eth;er sêl mæge wunde gedýgan, <i>which of the
+two can stand the wounds better</i> (come off with life), <a href="#li2532">2532</a>; ne
+meahte unbyrnende deóp gedýgan, <i>could not endure the deep without
+burning</i> (could not hold out in the deep), <a href="#li2550">2550</a>; pret. sg. I. III.
+ge-dîgde, <a href="#li578">578</a>, <a href="#li1656">1656</a>, <a href="#li2351">2351</a>, <a href="#li2544">2544</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldýgol">dýgol</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gldeógol">deógol</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldýre">dýre</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gldeóre">deóre</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b><a name="glossE">E</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glecg">ecg</a>, st. f., <i>edge of the sword, point</i>: nom. sg. sweordes
+ecg, <a href="#li1107">1107</a>; ecg, <a href="#li1525">1525</a>, etc.; acc. sg. wi&eth; ord and wi&eth; ecge ingang
+forstôd, <i>defended the entrance against point and edge</i> (i.e.
+against spear and sword), <a href="#li1550">1550</a>; mêces ecge, <a href="#li1813">1813</a>; nom. pl. ecge,
+<a href="#li1146">1146</a>.&mdash;<i>Sword, battle-axe, any cutting weapon</i>: nom. sg. ne wäs
+ecg bona (<i>not the sword killed him</i>), <a href="#li2507">2507</a>; sió ecg brûn
+(Beówulf's sword Nägling), <a href="#li2578">2578</a>; hyne ecg fornam, <i>the sword
+snatched him away</i>, <a href="#li2773">2773</a>, etc.; nom. pl. ecga, <a href="#li2829">2829</a>; dat. pl. äscum
+and ecgum, <a href="#li1773">1773</a>; dat. pl. (but denoting only one sword) eácnum ecgum,
+<a href="#li2141">2141</a>; gen. pl. ecga, <a href="#li483">483</a>, <a href="#li806">806</a>, <a href="#li1169">1169</a>;&mdash;<i>blade</i>: ecg wäs îren,
+<a href="#li1460">1460</a>.&mdash;Comp.: brûn-, heard-, stýl-ecg, adj.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glecgbana">ecg-bana</a>, w. m., <i>murderer by the sword</i>: dat. sg. Cain
+wear&eth; tô ecg-banan ângan brê&eth;er, <a href="#li1263">1263</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glecghete">ecg-hete</a>, st. m., <i>sword-hate, enmity which the sword carries
+out</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li84">84</a>, <a href="#li1739">1739</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glecgthracu">ecg-&thorn;racu</a>, st. f., <i>sword-storm</i> (of violent combat): acc.
+atole ecg-&thorn;räce, <a href="#li597">597</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gledhwyrft">ed-hwyrft</a>, st. m., <i>return</i> (of a former condition): &thorn;â
+&thorn;ær sôna wear&eth; edhwyrft eorlum, si&eth;&eth;an inne fealh Grendles môdor (i.e.
+after Grendel's mother had penetrated into the hall, the former
+perilous condition, of the time of the visits of Grendel, returned to
+the men), <a href="#li1282">1282</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gledwendan">ed-wendan</a>, w. v., <i>to turn back, to yield, to leave off</i>:
+inf. gyf him edwendan æfre scolde bealuwa bisigu, <i>if for him the
+affliction of evil should ever cease</i>, <a href="#li280">280</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gledwenden">ed-wenden</a>, st. f., <i>turning, change</i>: nom. sg. edwenden,
+<a href="#li1775">1775</a>; ed-wenden torna gehwylces (<i>reparation for former
+neglect</i>), <a href="#li2189">2189</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gledwîtlîf">edwît-lîf</a>, st. n., <i>life in disgrace</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2892">2892</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glefn">efn</a>, adj., <i>even, like</i>, with preceding on, and with
+depend. dat., <i>upon the same level, near</i>: him on efn lige&eth;
+ealdorgewinna, <i>lies near him</i>, <a href="#li2904">2904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glefnan">efnan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#gläfnan">äfnan</a>) w. v., <i>to carry out, to perform, to
+accomplish</i>: pres. subj. eorlscype efne (<i>accomplish knightly
+deeds</i>), <a href="#li2536">2536</a>; inf. eorlscipe efnan, <a href="#li2623">2623</a>; sweorda gelâc efnan
+(<i>to battle</i>), <a href="#li1042">1042</a>; gerund. tô efnanne, <a href="#li1942">1942</a>; pret. eorlscipe
+efnde, <a href="#li2134">2134</a>, <a href="#li3008">3008</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glefne">efne</a>, adv., <i>even, exactly, precisely, just</i>, united with
+swâ or swylc: efne swâ swî&eth;e swâ, <i>just so much as</i>, <a href="#li1093">1093</a>; efne
+swâ sîde swâ, <a href="#li1224">1224</a>; wäs se gryre lässa efne swâ micle swâ, <i>by so
+much the less as ...</i>, <a href="#li1284">1284</a>; leóht inne stôd efne swâ ... scîne&eth;,
+<i>a gleam stood therein</i> (in the sword) <i>just as when ...
+shines</i>, <a href="#li1572">1572</a>; efne swâ hwylc mäg&eth;a swâ &thorn;one magan cende (<i>a
+woman who has borne such a son</i>), <a href="#li944">944</a>; efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ
+him gemet &thorn;ûhte, <i>to just such a man as seemed good to him</i>,
+<a href="#li3058">3058</a>; efne swylce mæla swylce ... &thorn;earf gesælde, <i>just at the times
+at which necessity commanded it</i>, <a href="#li1250">1250</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleft">eft</a>, adv.: l) <i>thereupon, afterwards</i>: <a href="#li56">56</a>, <a href="#li1147">1147</a>, <a href="#li2112">2112</a>,
+<a href="#li3047">3047</a>, etc.; eft sôna bi&eth;, <i>then it happens immediately</i>, <a href="#li1763">1763</a>;
+bôt eft cuman, <i>help come again</i>, <a href="#li281">281</a>.&mdash;2) <i>again, on the other
+side</i>: &thorn;ät hine on ylde eft gewunigen wilgesî&eth;as, <i>that in old
+age again</i> (also on their side) <i>willing companions should be
+attached to him</i>, <a href="#li22">22</a>;&mdash;<i>anew, again</i>: <a href="#li135">135</a>, <a href="#li604">604</a>, <a href="#li693">693</a>, <a href="#li1557">1557</a>,
+etc.; eft swâ ær, <i>again as formerly</i>, <a href="#li643">643</a>.&mdash;3) retro, rursus,
+<i>back</i>: <a href="#li123">123</a>, <a href="#li296">296</a>, <a href="#li854">854</a>, etc.; &thorn;ät hig ä&eth;elinges eft ne wêndon
+(<i>did not believe that he would come back</i>), <a href="#li1597">1597</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleftcyme">eft-cyme</a>, st. m., <i>return</i>: gen. sg. eftcymes, <a href="#li2897">2897</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleftsîth">eft-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>journey back, return</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li1892">1892</a>;
+gen. sg. eft-sî&eth;es georn, <a href="#li2784">2784</a>; acc. pl. eftsî&eth;as teáh, <i>went the
+road back</i>, i.e. returned, <a href="#li1333">1333</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glegesa">egesa, egsa</a> (<i>state of terror</i>, active or passive): l)
+<i>frightfulness</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh egsan, <a href="#li276">276</a>; gen. egesan ne gýme&eth;,
+<i>cares for nothing terrible, is not troubled about future terrors</i>(?),
+<a href="#li1758">1758</a>.&mdash;2) <i>terror, horror, fear</i>: nom. sg. egesa, <a href="#li785">785</a>; instr. sg.
+egesan, <a href="#li1828">1828</a>, <a href="#li2737">2737</a>.&mdash;Comp.: glêd-, lîg-, wäter-egesa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glegesfull">eges-full</a>, adj., <i>horrible (full of fear, fearful)</i>, <a href="#li2930">2930</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glegeslîc">eges-lîc</a>, adj., <i>terrible, bringing terror</i>: of Grendel's
+head, <a href="#li1650">1650</a>; of the beginning of the fight with the drake, <a href="#li2310">2310</a>; of the
+drake, <a href="#li2826">2826</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glegle">egle</a>, adj., <i>causing aversion, hideous</i>: nom. pl. neut.,
+or, more probably, perhaps, adverbial, egle (MS. egl), <a href="#li988">988</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glegsian">egsian</a> (denominative from egesa), w. v., <i>to have terror,
+distress</i>: pret. (as pluperf.) egsode eorl(?), <a href="#li6">6</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glehtian">ehtian</a>, w. v., <i>to esteem, to make prominent with praise</i>:
+III. pl. pres. &thorn;ät &thorn;e ... weras ehtiga&eth;, <i>that thee men shall
+esteem, praise</i>, <a href="#li1223">1223</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glelde">elde</a> (<i>those who generate</i>, cf. O.N. al-a, generare), st.
+m. only in the pl., <i>men</i>: dat. pl. eldum, <a href="#li2215">2215</a>; mid eldum,
+<i>among men</i>, <a href="#li2612">2612</a>.&mdash;See <a class="glentry" href="#glylde">ylde</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleldo">eldo</a>, st. f., <i>age</i>: instr. sg. eldo gebunden, <a href="#li2112">2112</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glelland">el-land</a>, st. n., <i>foreign land, exile</i>: acc. sg. sceall
+... elland tredan, (<i>shall be banished</i>), <a href="#li3020">3020</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellen">ellen</a>, st. n., <i>strength, heroic strength, bravery</i>: nom.
+sg. ellen, <a href="#li573">573</a>; eafo&eth; and ellen, <a href="#li903">903</a>; Geáta ... eafo&eth; and ellen, <a href="#li603">603</a>;
+acc. sg. eafo&eth; and ellen, <a href="#li2350">2350</a>; ellen cý&eth;an, <i>show bravery</i>,
+<a href="#li2696">2696</a>; ellen fremedon, <i>exercised heroic strength, did heroic
+deeds</i>, <a href="#li3">3</a>; similarly, ic gefremman sceal eorlîc ellen, <a href="#li638">638</a>; ferh
+ellen wräc, <i>life drove out the strength</i>, i.e. with the
+departing life (of the dragon) his strength left him, <a href="#li2707">2707</a>; dat. sg.
+on elne, <a href="#li2507">2507</a>, <a href="#li2817">2817</a>; as instr. &thorn;â wäs ät &thorn;am geongum grim andswaru
+ê&eth;begête &thorn;âm &thorn;e ær his elne forleás, <i>then it was easy for</i>
+(every one of) <i>those who before had lost his hero-courage, to
+obtain rough words from the young man</i> (Wîglâf), <a href="#li2862">2862</a>; mid elne,
+<a href="#li1494">1494</a>, <a href="#li2536">2536</a>; elne, alone, in adverbial sense, <i>strongly,
+zealously</i>, and with the nearly related meaning, <i>hurriedly,
+transiently</i>, <a href="#li894">894</a>, <a href="#li1098">1098</a>, <a href="#li1968">1968</a>, <a href="#li2677">2677</a>, <a href="#li2918">2918</a>; gen. sg. elnes lät,
+<a href="#li1530">1530</a>; &thorn;â him wäs elnes &thorn;earf, <a href="#li2877">2877</a>.&mdash;Comp. mägen-ellen.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellendæd">ellen-dæd</a>, st. f., <i>heroic deed</i>: dat. pl. -dædum, <a href="#li877">877</a>,
+<a href="#li901">901</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellengæst">ellen-gæst</a>, st. m., <i>strength-spirit, demon with heroic
+strength</i>: nom. sg. of Grendel, <a href="#li86">86</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellenlîce">ellen-lîce</a>, adv., <i>strongly, with heroic strength</i>, <a href="#li2123">2123</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellenmærthu">ellen-mær&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>renown of heroic strength</i>, dat. pl.
+-mær&eth;um, <a href="#li829">829</a>, <a href="#li1472">1472</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellenrôf">ellen-rôf</a>, adj., <i>renowned for strength</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li340">340</a>,
+<a href="#li358">358</a>, <a href="#li3064">3064</a>; dat. pl. -rôfum, <a href="#li1788">1788</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellenseóc">ellen-seóc</a>, adj., <i>infirm in strength</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;eóden
+ellensiócne (<i>the mortally wounded king, Beówulf</i>), <a href="#li2788">2788</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellenweorc">ellen-weorc</a>, st. n., (<i>strength-work</i>), <i>heroic deed,
+achievement in battle</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li662">662</a>, <a href="#li959">959</a>, <a href="#li1465">1465</a>, etc.; gen. pl.
+ellen-weorca, <a href="#li2400">2400</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glelles">elles</a>, adv., <i>else, otherwise</i>: a (modal), <i>in another
+manner</i>, <a href="#li2521">2521</a>.&mdash;b (local), elles hwær, <i>somewhere else</i>, <a href="#li138">138</a>;
+elles hwergen, <a href="#li2591">2591</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellor">ellor</a>, adv., <i>to some other place</i>, <a href="#li55">55</a>, <a href="#li2255">2255</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellorgâst">ellor-gâst, -gæst</a>, st. m., <i>spirit living elsewhere</i>
+(standing outside of the community of mankind): nom. sg. se ellorgâst
+(Grendel), <a href="#li808">808</a>; (Grendel's mother), <a href="#li1622">1622</a>; ellorgæst (Grendel's
+mother), <a href="#li1618">1618</a>; acc. pl. ellorgæstas, <a href="#li1350">1350</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glellorsîth">ellor-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>departure, death</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li2452">2452</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glelra">elra</a>, adj. (comparative of a not existing form, ele, Goth.
+aljis, alius), <i>another</i>: dat. sg. on elran men, <a href="#li753">753</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleltheódig">el-&thorn;eódig</a>, adj., <i>of another people: foreign</i>: acc. pl.
+el-&thorn;eódige men, <a href="#li336">336</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glende">ende</a>, st. m., <i>the extreme</i>: hence, 1) <i>end</i>: nom.
+sg. aldres (lîfes) ende, <a href="#li823">823</a>, <a href="#li2845">2845</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät ende becwom (scil.
+unrihtes), <a href="#li1255">1255</a>; acc. sg. ende lîfgesceafta (lîfes, læn-daga), <a href="#li3064">3064</a>,
+<a href="#li1387">1387</a>, <a href="#li2343">2343</a>; häfde eor&eth;scrafa ende genyttod, <i>had used the end of the
+earth-caves</i> (had made use of the caves for the last time), <a href="#li3047">3047</a>;
+dat. sg. ealdres (lîfes) ät ende, <a href="#li2791">2791</a>, <a href="#li2824">2824</a>; eoletes ät ende,
+<a href="#li224">224</a>.&mdash;2) <i>boundary</i>: acc. sg. sîde rîce &thorn;ät he his selfa ne
+mäg ... ende ge&thorn;encean, <i>the wide realm, so that he himself cannot
+comprehend its boundaries</i>, <a href="#li1735">1735</a>.&mdash;3) <i>summit, head</i>: dat. sg.
+eorlum on ende, <i>to the nobles at the end</i> (the highest
+courtiers), <a href="#li2022">2022</a>.&mdash;Comp. woruld-ende.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendedäg">ende-däg</a>, st. m., <i>last day, day of death</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li3036">3036</a>;
+acc. sg. <a href="#li638">638</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendedôgor">ende-dôgor</a>, st. m., <i>last day, day of death</i>: gen. sg.
+bega on wênum endedôgores and eftcymes leótes monnes (<i>hesitating
+between the belief in the death and in the return of the dear
+man</i>), <a href="#li2897">2897</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendelâf">ende-lâf</a>, st. f., <i>last remnant</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;u eart
+ende-lâf ûsses cynnes, <i>art the last of our race</i>, <a href="#li2814">2814</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendeleán">ende-leán</a>, st. n., <i>final reparation</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li1693">1693</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendesæta">ende-sæta</a>, w. m., <i>he who sits on the border,
+boundary-guard</i>: nom. sg. (here of the strand-watchman), <a href="#li241">241</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glendestäf">ende-stäf</a>, st. m. (elementum finis), <i>end</i>: acc. sg. hit
+on endestäf eft gelimpe&eth;, <i>then it draws near to the end</i>, <a href="#li1754">1754</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeendian">endian</a>, w. v., <i>to end</i>: pret. part. ge-endod, <a href="#li2312">2312</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glenge">enge</a>, adj., <i>narrow</i>: acc. pl. enge ânpa&eth;as, <i>narrow
+paths</i>, <a href="#li1411">1411</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glent">ent</a>, st. m., <i>giant</i>: gen. pl. enta ær-geweorc (the
+sword-hilt out of the dwelling-place of Grendel), <a href="#li1680">1680</a>; enta geweorc
+(the dragon's cave), <a href="#li2718">2718</a>; eald-enta ær-geweorc (the costly things in
+the dragon's cave), <a href="#li2775">2775</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glentisc">entisc</a>, adj., <i>coming from giants</i>: acc. sg. entiscne
+helm, <a href="#li2980">2980</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gletan">etan</a>, st. v., <i>to eat, to consume</i>: pres. sg. III. blôdig
+wäl ... ete&eth; ân-genga, <i>he that goes alone</i> (Grendel) <i>will
+devour the bloody corpse</i>, <a href="#li448">448</a>; inf. Geátena leóde ... etan, <a href="#li444">444</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-etan, <i>to eat through</i>: pret. part. pl. nom. swyrd ...
+&thorn;urhetone, <i>swords eaten through</i> (by rust), <a href="#li3050">3050</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossEl">Ê</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêc">êc</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleác">eác</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêce">êce</a>, adj., <i>everlasting</i>; nom. êce drihten (God), <a href="#li108">108</a>;
+acc. sg. êce eor&eth;reced, <i>the everlasting earth-hall</i> (the
+dragon's cave), <a href="#li2720">2720</a>; geceás êcne ræd, <i>chose the everlasting
+gain</i> (died), <a href="#li1202">1202</a>; dat. sg. êcean dryhtne, <a href="#li1693">1693</a>, <a href="#li1780">1780</a>, <a href="#li2331">2331</a>; acc.
+pl. geceós êce rædas, <a href="#li1761">1761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêdre">êdre</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glædre">ædre</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthbegête">ê&eth;-begête</a>, adj., <i>easy to obtain, ready</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;â wäs
+ät &thorn;am geongum grim andswaru ê&eth;-begête, <i>then from the young man</i>
+(Wîglâf) <i>it was an easy thing to get a gruff answer</i>, <a href="#li2862">2862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthe">ê&eth;e</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleáthe">eá&eth;e</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthel">ê&eth;el</a>, st. m., <i>hereditary possessions, hereditary estate</i>:
+acc. sg. swæsne ê&eth;el, <a href="#li520">520</a>; dat. sg. on ê&eth;le, <a href="#li1731">1731</a>.&mdash;In royal families
+the hereditary possession is the whole realm: hence, acc. sg. ê&eth;el
+Scyldinga, <i>of the kingdom of the Scyldings</i>, <a href="#li914">914</a>; (Offa) wîsdôme
+heóld ê&eth;el sînne, <i>ruled with wisdom his inherited kingdom</i>,
+<a href="#li1961">1961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthelriht">ê&eth;el-riht</a>, st. n., <i>hereditary privileges</i> (rights that
+belong to a hereditary estate): nom. sg. eard ê&eth;el-riht, <i>estate and
+inherited privileges</i>, <a href="#li2199">2199</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthelstôl">ê&eth;el-stôl</a>, st. m., <i>hereditary seat, inherited throne</i>:
+acc. pl. ê&eth;el-stôlas, <a href="#li2372">2372</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthelturf">ê&eth;el-turf</a>, st. f., <i>inherited ground, hereditary estate</i>:
+dat. sg. on mînre ê&eth;eltyrf, <a href="#li410">410</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthelweard">ê&eth;el-weard</a>, st. m., <i>lord of the hereditary estate</i>
+(realm): nom. sg. ê&eth;elweard (<i>king</i>), <a href="#li1703">1703</a>, <a href="#li2211">2211</a>; dat. sg.
+Eást-Dena ê&eth;el wearde (King Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li617">617</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthelwyn">ê&eth;el-wyn</a>, st. f., <i>joy in</i>, or <i>enjoyment of, hereditary
+possessions</i>: nom. sg. nu sceal ... eall ê&eth;elwyn eówrum cynne,
+lufen âlicgean, <i>now shall your race want all home-joy, and
+subsistence</i>(?) (your race shall be banished from its hereditary
+abode), <a href="#li2886">2886</a>; acc. sg. he me lond forgeaf, eard ê&eth;elwyn, <i>presented
+me with land, abode, and the enjoyment of home</i>, <a href="#li2494">2494</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêthgesýne">ê&eth;-gesýne, ý&eth;-gesêne</a>, adj., <i>easy to see, visible to all</i>:
+nom. sg. <a href="#li1111">1111</a>, <a href="#li1245">1245</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêfstan">êfstan</a>, w. v., <i>to be in haste, to hasten</i>: inf. uton nu
+êfstan, <i>let us hurry now</i>, <a href="#li3102">3102</a>; pret. êfste mid elne,
+<i>hastened with heroic strength</i>, <a href="#li1494">1494</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêgclif">êg-clif</a>, st. n., <i>sea-cliff</i>: acc. sg. ofer êg-clif
+(ecg-clif, MS.), <a href="#li2894">2894</a>.</p>
+
+<p>êg-streám, st. m., <i>sea-stream, sea-flood</i>: dat. pl. on
+êg-streámum, <i>in the sea-floods</i>, <a href="#li577">577</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleágorstreám">eágor-streám</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêhtan">êhtan</a> (M.H.G. æchten; cf. æht and ge-æhtla), w. v. w. gen.,
+<i>to be a pursuer, to pursue</i>: pres. part. äglæca êhtende wäs
+dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e, <a href="#li159">159</a>; pret. pl. êhton aglæcan, <i>they pursued the
+bringer of sorrow</i> (Beówulf)(?), <a href="#li1513">1513</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêst">êst</a>, st. m. f., <i>favor, grace, kindness</i>: acc. sg. he him
+êst geteáh meara and mâ&eth;ma (<i>honored him with horses and
+jewels</i>), <a href="#li2166">2166</a>; gearwor häfde âgendes êst ær gesceáwod, <i>would
+rather have seen the grace of the Lord</i> (of God) <i>sooner</i>,
+<a href="#li3076">3076</a>.&mdash;dat. pl., adverbial, libenter: him on folce heóld, êstum mid
+âre, <a href="#li2379">2379</a>; êstum geýwan (<i>to present</i>), <a href="#li2150">2150</a>; him wäs ... wunden
+gold êstum geeáwed (<i>presented</i>), <a href="#li1195">1195</a>; we &thorn;ät ellenweorc êstum
+miclum fremedon, <a href="#li959">959</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glêste">êste</a>, adj., <i>gracious</i>: w. gen. êste bearn-gebyrdo,
+<i>gracious through the birth</i> (of such a son as Beówulf), <a href="#li946">946</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossEA">EA</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleafoth">eafo&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>power, strength</i>: nom, sg. eafo&eth; and
+ellen, <a href="#li603">603</a>, <a href="#li903">903</a>; acc. sg. eafo&eth; and ellen, <a href="#li2350">2350</a>; we frêcne genê&eth;don
+eafo&eth; uncû&eth;es, <i>we have boldly ventured against the strength of the
+enemy</i> (Grendel) <i>have withstood him</i>, <a href="#li961">961</a>; gen. sg. eafo&eth;es
+cräftig, <a href="#li1467">1467</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;ec âdl o&eth;&eth;e ecg eafo&eth;es getwæfed, <i>shall rob of
+strength</i>, <a href="#li1764">1764</a>; acc. pl. eafe&eth;o (MS. earfe&eth;o), <a href="#li534">534</a>; dat. pl. hine
+mihtig god ... eafe&eth;um stêpte, <i>made him great through strength</i>,
+<a href="#li1718">1718</a>. See <a href="#note534">Note for l. 534</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleafor">eafor</a>, st. m., <i>boar</i>; here the image of the boar as
+banner: acc. sg. eafor, <a href="#li2153">2153</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleafora">eafora</a> (<i>offspring</i>), w. m.: 1) <i>son</i>: nom. sg.
+eafera, <a href="#li12">12</a>, <a href="#li898">898</a>; eafora, <a href="#li375">375</a>; acc. sg. eaferan, <a href="#li1548">1548</a>, <a href="#li1848">1848</a>; gen. sg.
+eafera, <a href="#li19">19</a>; nom. pl. eaferan, <a href="#li2476">2476</a>; dat. pl. eaferum, <a href="#li1069">1069</a>, <a href="#li2471">2471</a>;
+uncran eaferan, <a href="#li1186">1186</a>.&mdash;2) in broader sense, <i>successor</i>: dat. pl.
+eaforum, <a href="#li1711">1711</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleahta">eahta</a>, num., <i>eight</i>: acc. pl. eahta mearas, <a href="#li1036">1036</a>; eode
+eahta sum, <i>went as one of eight, with seven others</i>, <a href="#li3124">3124</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleahtian">eahtian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to consider; to deliberate</i>: pret. pl. w.
+acc. ræd eahtedon, <i>consulted about help</i>, <a href="#li172">172</a>; pret. sg. (for
+the plural) &thorn;one sêlestan &thorn;âra &thorn;e mid Hrô&eth;gâre hâm eahtode, <i>the
+best one of those who with Hrô&eth;gâr deliberated about their home</i>
+(ruled), <a href="#li1408">1408</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to speak with reflection of</i> (along with the
+idea of praise): pret. pl. eahtodan eorlscipe, <i>spoke of his noble
+character</i>, <a href="#li3175">3175</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleal">eal, eall</a>, adj., <i>all, whole</i>: nom. sg. werod eall, <a href="#li652">652</a>;
+pl. eal benc&thorn;elu, <a href="#li486">486</a>; sg. eall ê&eth;elwyn, <a href="#li2886">2886</a>; eal worold, <a href="#li1739">1739</a>, etc.;
+&thorn;ät hit wear&eth; eal gearo, healärna mæst, <a href="#li77">77</a>; &thorn;ät hit (wîgbil) eal
+gemealt, <a href="#li1609">1609</a>. And with a following genitive: &thorn;ær wäs eal geador
+Grendles grâpe, <i>there was all together Grendel's hand, the whole
+hand of Grendel</i>, <a href="#li836">836</a>; eall ... lissa, <i>all favor</i>, <a href="#li2150">2150</a>; wäs
+eall sceacen dôgorgerîmes, <a href="#li2728">2728</a>. With apposition: &thorn;ûhte him eall tô
+rûm, wongas and wîcstede, <a href="#li2462">2462</a>; acc. sg. beót eal, <a href="#li523">523</a>; similarly,
+<a href="#li2018">2018</a>, <a href="#li2081">2081</a>; oncý&eth;&eth;e ealle, <i>all distress</i>, <a href="#li831">831</a>; heals ealne,
+<a href="#li2692">2692</a>; hlæw ... ealne ûtan-weardne, <a href="#li2298">2298</a>; gif he &thorn;ät eal gemon, <a href="#li1186">1186</a>,
+<a href="#li2428">2428</a>; &thorn;ät eall geondseh, recedes geatwa, <a href="#li3089">3089</a>; ealne wîde-ferh&eth;,
+<i>through the whole wide life, through all time</i>, <a href="#li1223">1223</a>; instr. sg.
+ealle mägene, <i>with all strength</i>, <a href="#li2668">2668</a>; dat. sg. eallum ...
+manna cynne, <a href="#li914">914</a>; gen. sg. ealles moncynnes, <a href="#li1956">1956</a>. Subst. ic &thorn;äs
+ealles mäg ... gefeán habban, <a href="#li2740">2740</a>; brûc ealles well, <a href="#li2163">2163</a>; freán
+ealles &thorn;anc secge, <i>give thanks to the Lord of all</i>, <a href="#li2795">2795</a>; nom.
+pl. untydras ealle, <a href="#li111">111</a>; sceótend ... ealle, <a href="#li706">706</a>; we ealle, <a href="#li942">942</a>; acc.
+pl. feónd ealle, <a href="#li700">700</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1081">1081</a>, <a href="#li1797">1797</a>, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>; subst. ofer ealle,
+<a href="#li650">650</a>; ealle hie deá&eth; fornam, <a href="#li2237">2237</a>; lîg ealle forswealg &thorn;âra &thorn;e &thorn;ær gû&eth;
+fornam, <i>all of those whom the war had snatched away</i>, <a href="#li1123">1123</a>; dat.
+pl. eallum ceaster-bûendum, <a href="#li768">768</a>; similarly, <a href="#li824">824</a>, <a href="#li907">907</a>, <a href="#li1418">1418</a>; subst. âna
+wi&eth; eallum, <i>one against all</i>, <a href="#li145">145</a>; with gen. eallum gumena
+cynnes, <a href="#li1058">1058</a>; gen. pl. ä&eth;elinga bearn ealra twelfa, <i>the kinsmen of
+all twelve nobles</i> (twelve nobles hold the highest positions of the
+court), <a href="#li3172">3172</a>; subst. he âh ealra geweald, <i>has power over all</i>,
+<a href="#li1728">1728</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Uninflected: bil eal &thorn;urhwôd flæschoman, <i>the battle-axe cleft the body
+through and through</i>, <a href="#li1568">1568</a>; häfde ... eal gefeormod fêt and folma,
+<i>had devoured entirely feet and hands</i>, <a href="#li745">745</a>; se &thorn;e eall geman
+gâr-cwealm gumena, <i>who remembers thoroughly the death of the men by the
+spear</i>, <a href="#li2043">2043</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>Adverbial: &thorn;eáh ic eal mæge, <i>although I am entirely able</i>, <a href="#li681">681</a>;
+hî on beorg dydon bêg and siglu eall swylce hyrsta, <i>they placed in
+the grave-mound rings, and ornaments, all such adornments</i>,
+<a href="#li3165">3165</a>.&mdash;The gen. sg. ealles, adverbial in the sense of <i>entirely</i>,
+<a href="#li1001">1001</a>, <a href="#li1130">1130</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleald">eald</a>, adj., <i>old</i>: a) of the age of living beings: nom.
+sg. eald, <a href="#li357">357</a>, <a href="#li1703">1703</a>, <a href="#li2211">2211</a>, etc.; dat. sg. ealdum, <a href="#li2973">2973</a>; gen. sg.
+ealdes uhtflogan (<i>dragon</i>), <a href="#li2761">2761</a>; dat. sg. ealdum, <a href="#li1875">1875</a>; geongum
+and ealdum, <a href="#li72">72</a>.&mdash;b) of things and of institutions: nom. sg. helm monig
+eald and ômig, <a href="#li2764">2764</a>; acc. sg. ealde lâfe (<i>sword</i>), <a href="#li796">796</a>, <a href="#li1489">1489</a>;
+ealde wîsan, <a href="#li1866">1866</a>; eald sweord, <a href="#li1559">1559</a>, <a href="#li1664">1664</a>, etc.; eald gewin,
+<i>old</i> (lasting years), <i>distress</i>, <a href="#li1782">1782</a>; eald enta geweorc
+(<i>the precious things in the drake's cave</i>), <a href="#li2775">2775</a>; acc. pl. ealde
+mâ&eth;mas, <a href="#li472">472</a>; ofer ealde riht, <i>against the old laws</i> (namely, the
+Ten Commandments; Beówulf believes that God has sent him the drake as
+a punishment, because he has unconsciously, at some time, violated one
+of the commandments), <a href="#li2331">2331</a>.</p>
+
+<p>yldra, compar. <i>older</i>: mîn yldra mæg, <a href="#li468">468</a>; yldra brô&eth;or, <a href="#li1325">1325</a>;
+ô&eth; &thorn;ät he (Heardrêd) yldra wear&eth;, <a href="#li2379">2379</a>.</p>
+
+<p>yldesta, superl. <i>oldest</i>, in the usual sense; dat. sg. &thorn;am
+yldestan, <a href="#li2436">2436</a>; in a moral sense, <i>the most respected</i>: nom. sg.
+se yldesta, <a href="#li258">258</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one yldestan, <a href="#li363">363</a>, both times of Beówulf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdfäder">eald-fäder</a>, st. m., <i>old-father, grandfather, ancestor</i>:
+nom. sg. <a href="#li373">373</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdgesegen">eald-gesegen</a>, st. f., <i>traditions from old times</i>: gen.
+pl. eal-fela eald-gesegena, <i>very many of the old traditions</i>,
+<a href="#li870">870</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdgesîth">eald-gesî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>companion ever since old times, courtier
+for many years</i>: nom. pl. eald-gesî&eth;as, <a href="#li854">854</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdgestreón">eald-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>treasure out of the old times</i>:
+dat. pl. eald-gestreónum, <a href="#li1382">1382</a>; gen. pl. -gestreóna, <a href="#li1459">1459</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdgewinna">eald-gewinna</a>, w. m., <i>old-enemy, enemy for many years</i>:
+nom. sg. of Grendel, <a href="#li1777">1777</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdgewyrht">eald-gewyrht</a>, st. n., <i>merit on account of services rendered
+during many years</i>: nom. pl. &thorn;ät næron eald-gewyrht, &thorn;ät he âna
+scyle gnorn &thorn;rowian, <i>that has not been his desert ever since long
+ago, that he should bear the distress alone</i>, <a href="#li2658">2658</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdhlâford">eald-hlâford</a>, st. m., <i>lord through many years</i>: gen. sg.
+bill eald-hlâfordes (of the old Beówulf(?)), <a href="#li2779">2779</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdmetod">eald-metod</a>, st. m., <i>God ruling ever since ancient times</i>:
+nom. sg. <a href="#li946">946</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdor">ealdor, aldor</a>, st. m., <i>lord, chief</i> (king or powerful
+noble): nom. sg. ealdor, <a href="#li1645">1645</a>, <a href="#li1849">1849</a>, <a href="#li2921">2921</a>; aldor, <a href="#li56">56</a>, <a href="#li369">369</a>, <a href="#li392">392</a>; acc.
+sg. aldor, <a href="#li669">669</a>; dat. sg. ealdre, <a href="#li593">593</a>; aldre, <a href="#li346">346</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdor">ealdor, aldor</a>, st. n., <i>life</i>: acc. sg. aldor, <a href="#li1372">1372</a>; dat.
+sg. aldre, <a href="#li1448">1448</a>, <a href="#li1525">1525</a>; ealdre, <a href="#li2600">2600</a>; him on aldre stôd herestræl
+hearda (in vitalibus), <a href="#li1435">1435</a>; nalles for ealdre mearn, <i>was not
+troubled about his life</i>, <a href="#li1443">1443</a>; of ealdre gewât, <i>went out of
+life, died</i>, <a href="#li2625">2625</a>; as instr. aldre, <a href="#li662">662</a>, <a href="#li681">681</a>, etc.; ealdre, <a href="#li1656">1656</a>,
+<a href="#li2134">2134</a>, etc.; gen. sg. aldres, <a href="#li823">823</a>; ealdres, <a href="#li2791">2791</a>, <a href="#li2444">2444</a>; aldres orwêna,
+<i>despairing of life</i>, <a href="#li1003">1003</a>, <a href="#li1566">1566</a>; ealdres scyldig, <i>having
+forfeited life</i>, <a href="#li1339">1339</a>, <a href="#li2062">2062</a>; dat. pl. aldrum nê&eth;don, <a href="#li510">510</a>,
+<a href="#li538">538</a>.&mdash;Phrases: on aldre (<i>in life</i>), <i>ever</i>, <a href="#li1780">1780</a>; tô aldre
+(<i>for life</i>), <i>always</i>, <a href="#li2006">2006</a>, <a href="#li2499">2499</a>; âwa tô aldre, <i>for
+ever and ever</i>, <a href="#li956">956</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorbealu">ealdor-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>life's evil</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;u ...
+ondrædan ne &thorn;earft ... aldorbealu eorlum, <i>thou needest not fear
+death for the courtiers</i>, <a href="#li1677">1677</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorcearu">ealdor-cearu</a>, st. f., <i>trouble that endangers life, great
+trouble</i>: dat. sg. he his leódum wear&eth; ... tô aldor-ceare, <a href="#li907">907</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdordagas">ealdor-dagas</a>, st. m. pl., <i>days of one's life</i>: dat. pl.
+næfre on aldor-dagum (<i>never in his life</i>), <a href="#li719">719</a>; on ealder-dagum
+ær (<i>in former days</i>), <a href="#li758">758</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorgedâl">ealdor-gedâl</a>, st. n., <i>severing of life, death, end</i>: nom.
+sg. aldor-gedâl, <a href="#li806">806</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorgewinna">ealdor-gewinna</a>, w. m., <i>life-enemy, one who strives to take his
+enemy's life</i> (in N.H.G. the contrary conception, Tod-feind): nom.
+sg. ealdorgewinna (<i>the dragon</i>), <a href="#li2904">2904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorleás">ealdor-leás</a>, adj., <i>without a ruler</i>(?): nom. pl.
+aldor-leáse, <a href="#li15">15</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorleás">ealdor-leás</a>, adj., <i>lifeless, dead</i>: acc. sg.
+aldor-leásne, <a href="#li1588">1588</a>; ealdor-leásne, <a href="#li3004">3004</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealdorthegn">ealdor-&thorn;egn</a>, st. m., <i>nobleman at the court, distinguished
+courtier</i>: acc. sg. aldor-&thorn;egn (Hrô&eth;gâr's confidential adviser,
+Äschere), <a href="#li1309">1309</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealfela">eal-fela</a>, adj., <i>very much</i>: with following gen., eal-fela
+eald-gesegena, <i>very many old traditions</i>, <a href="#li870">870</a>; eal-fela eotena
+cynnes, <a href="#li884">884</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealgian">ealgian</a>, w. v., <i>to shield, to defend, to protect</i>: inf.
+w. acc. feorh ealgian, <a href="#li797">797</a>, <a href="#li2656">2656</a>, <a href="#li2669">2669</a>; pret. si&eth;&eth;an he (Hygelâc)
+under segne sinc eal-gode, wälreáf werede, <i>while under his banner
+he protected the treasures, defended the spoil of battle</i> (i.e.
+while he was upon the Viking expeditions), <a href="#li1205">1205</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealgylden">eal-gylden</a>, adj., <i>all golden, entirely of gold</i>: nom. sg.
+swýn ealgylden, <a href="#li1112">1112</a>; acc. sg. segn eallgylden, <a href="#li2768">2768</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealîrenne">eal-îrenne</a>, adj., <i>entirely of iron</i>: acc. sg. eall-îrenne
+wîgbord, <i>a wholly iron battle-shield</i>, <a href="#li2339">2339</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealu">ealu</a>, st. n., <i>ale, beer</i>: acc. sg. ealo drincende, <a href="#li1946">1946</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealubenc">ealu-benc</a>, st. f., <i>ale-bench, bench for those drinking
+ale</i>: dat. sg. in ealo-bence, <a href="#li1030">1030</a>; on ealu-bence, <a href="#li2868">2868</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealuscerwen">ealu-scerwen</a>, st. f., <i>terror</i>, under the figure of a
+mishap at an ale-drinking, probably the sudden taking away of the ale:
+nom. sg. Denum eallum wear&eth; ... ealuscerwen, <a href="#li770">770</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealuwæge">ealu-wæge</a>, st. n., <i>ale-can, portable vessel out of which ale
+is poured into the cups</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li2022">2022</a>; hroden ealowæge, <a href="#li495">495</a>; dat.
+sg. ofer ealowæge (<i>at the ale-carouse</i>), <a href="#li481">481</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glealwealda">eal-wealda</a>, w. adj., <i>all ruling</i> (God): nom. sg. fäder
+alwalda, <a href="#li316">316</a>; alwalda, <a href="#li956">956</a>, <a href="#li1315">1315</a>; dat. sg. al-wealdan, <a href="#li929">929</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleard">eard</a>, st. m., <i>cultivated ground, estate, hereditary
+estate</i>; in a broader sense, <i>ground in general, abode, place of
+sojourn</i>: nom. sg. him wäs bâm ... lond gecynde, eard ê&eth;el-riht,
+<i>the land was bequeathed to them both, the land and the privileges
+attached to it.</i> <a href="#li2199">2199</a>; acc. sg. fîfel-cynnes eard, <i>the ground of
+the giant race, place of sojourn</i>, <a href="#li104">104</a>; similarly, älwihta eard,
+<a href="#li1501">1501</a>; eard gemunde, <i>thought of his native ground, his home</i>,
+<a href="#li1130">1130</a>; eard git ne const, <i>thou knowest not yet the place of
+sojourn.</i> <a href="#li1378">1378</a>; eard and eorlscipe, <i>prædium et nobilitatem</i>,
+<a href="#li1728">1728</a>; eard ê&eth;elwyn, <i>land and the enjoyment of home</i>,
+<a href="#li2494">2494</a>; dat. sg. ellor hwearf of earde, <i>went elsewhere from his place
+of abode</i>, i.e. died, <a href="#li56">56</a>; &thorn;ät we rondas beren eft tô earde, <i>that
+we go again to our homes</i>, <a href="#li2655">2655</a>; on earde, <a href="#li2737">2737</a>; nom. pl. eácne
+eardas, <i>the broad expanses</i> (in the fen-sea where Grendel's home
+was), <a href="#li1622">1622</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleardian">eardian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to have a dwelling-place, to live; to
+rest</i>: pret. pl. dýre swyrd swâ hie wi&eth; eor&eth;an fä&eth;m &thorn;ær eardodon,
+<i>costly swords, as they had rested in the earth's bosom</i>,
+<a href="#li3051">3051</a>.&mdash;2) also transitively, <i>to inhabit</i>: pret. sg. Heorot
+eardode, <a href="#li166">166</a>; inf. wîc eardian elles hwergen, <i>inhabit a place
+elsewhere</i> (i.e. die), <a href="#li2590">2590</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleardlufa">eard-lufa</a>, w. m., <i>the living upon one's land, home-life</i>:
+acc. sg. eard-lufan, <a href="#li693">693</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearfothlîce">earfo&eth;-lîce</a>, adv., <i>with trouble, with difficulty</i>, <a href="#li1637">1637</a>,
+<a href="#li1658">1658</a>; <i>with vexation, angrily</i>, <a href="#li86">86</a>; <i>sorrowfully</i>, <a href="#li2823">2823</a>;
+<i>with difficulty, scarcely</i>, <a href="#li2304">2304</a>, <a href="#li2935">2935</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearfoth&thorn;rag">earfo&eth;-&thorn;rag</a>, st. f., <i>time full of troubles, sorrowful
+time</i>: acc. sg. -&thorn;rage, <a href="#li283">283</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearh">earh</a>, adj., <i>cowardly</i>: gen. sg. ne bi&eth; swylc earges sî&eth;
+(<i>no coward undertaken that</i>), <a href="#li2542">2542</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearm">earm</a>, st. m., <i>arm</i>: acc. sg. earm, <a href="#li836">836</a>, <a href="#li973">973</a>; wi&eth; earm
+gesät, <i>supported himself with his arm</i>, <a href="#li750">750</a>; dat. pl. earmum,
+<a href="#li513">513</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearm">earm</a>, adj., <i>poor, miserable, unhappy</i>: nom. sg. earm,
+<a href="#li2369">2369</a>; earme ides, <i>the unhappy woman</i>, <a href="#li1118">1118</a>; dat. sg. earmre
+teohhe, <i>the unhappy band</i>, <a href="#li2939">2939</a>.&mdash;Comp. acc. sg. earmran mannan,
+<i>a more wretched, more forsaken man</i>, <a href="#li577">577</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearmbeág">earm-beág</a>, st. m., <i>arm-ring, bracelet</i>: gen. pl.
+earm-beága fela searwum gesæled, <i>many arm-rings interlaced</i>,
+<a href="#li2764">2764</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearmhreád">earm-hreád</a>, st. f., <i>arm-ornament</i>. nom. pl. earm-hreáde
+twâ, <a href="#li1195">1195</a> (Grein's conjecture, MS. earm reade).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearmlîc">earm-lîc</a>, adj., <i>wretched, miserable</i>: nom. sg. sceolde
+his ealdor-gedâl earmlîc wur&eth;an, <i>his end should be wretched</i>,
+<a href="#li808">808</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearmsceapen">earm-sceapen</a>, pret. part. as adj. (<i>properly, wretched by the
+decree of fate</i>), <i>wretched</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li1352">1352</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glearn">earn</a>, st. m., <i>eagle</i>: dat. sg. earne, <a href="#li3027">3027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleatol">eatol</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glatol">atol</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleaxl">eaxl</a>, st. f., <i>shoulder</i>: acc. sg. eaxle, <a href="#li836">836</a>, <a href="#li973">973</a>; dat.
+sg. on eaxle, <a href="#li817">817</a>, <a href="#li1548">1548</a>; be eaxle, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; on eaxle ides gnornode,
+<i>the woman sobbed on the shoulder</i> (of her son, who has fallen
+and is being burnt), <a href="#li1118">1118</a>; dat. pl. sät freán eaxlum neáh, <i>sat near
+the shoulders of his lord</i> (Beówulf lies lifeless upon the earth,
+and Wîglâf sits by his side, near his shoulder, so as to sprinkle the
+face of his dead lord), <a href="#li2854">2854</a>; he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, <i>he
+stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes</i> (i.e. not
+directly before him, but somewhat to the side, as etiquette demanded),
+<a href="#li358">358</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleaxlgestealla">eaxl-gestealla</a>, w. m., <i>he who has his position at the
+shoulder</i> (sc. of his lord), <i>trusty courtier, counsellor of a
+prince</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li1327">1327</a>; acc. pl. -gesteallan, <a href="#li1715">1715</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossEAl">EÁ</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleác">eác</a>, conj., <i>also</i>: <a href="#li97">97</a>, <a href="#li388">388</a>, <a href="#li433">433</a>, etc.; êc, <a href="#li3132">3132</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleácen">eácen</a> (pret. part. of a not existing eacan, augere), adj.,
+<i>wide-spread</i>, <i>large</i>: nom. pl. eácne eardas, <i>broad
+plains</i>, <a href="#li1622">1622</a>.&mdash;<i>great, heavy</i>: eald sweord eácen, <a href="#li1664">1664</a>; dat.
+pl. eácnum ecgum, <a href="#li2141">2141</a>, both times of the great sword in Grendel's
+habitation.&mdash;<i>great, mighty, powerful</i>: ä&eth;ele and eácen, of
+Beówulf, <a href="#li198">198</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleácencräftig">eácen-cräftig</a>, adj., <i>immense</i> (of riches), <i>enormously
+great</i>: acc. sg. hord-ärna sum eácen-cräftig, <i>that enormous
+treasure-house</i>, <a href="#li2281">2281</a>; nom. sg. &thorn;ät yrfe eácen-cräftig, iúmonna
+gold, <a href="#li3052">3052</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleádig">eádig</a>, adj., <i>blessed with possessions, rich, happy by reason
+of property</i>: nom. sg. wes, &thorn;enden &thorn;u lifige, ä&eth;eling eádig, <i>be,
+as long as thou livest, a prince blessed with riches</i>, <a href="#li1226">1226</a>; eádig
+mon, <a href="#li2471">2471</a>.&mdash;Comp. sige-, sigor-, tîr-eádig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleádiglîce">eádig-lîce</a>, adv., <i>in abundance, in joyous plenty</i>:
+dreámum lifdon eádiglîce, <i>lived in rejoicing and plenty</i>, <a href="#li100">100</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleáthe">eá&eth;e, ê&eth;e, ý&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>easy, pleasant</i>: nom. pl. gode
+&thorn;ancedon &thorn;äs &thorn;e him ý&eth;-lâde eá&eth;e wurdon, <i>thanked God that the
+sea-ways</i> (the navigation) <i>had become easy to them</i>, <a href="#li228">228</a>; ne
+wäs &thorn;ät ê&eth;e sî&eth;, <i>no pleasant way</i>, <a href="#li2587">2587</a>; näs &thorn;ät ý&eth;e ceáp, <i>no
+easy purchase</i>, <a href="#li2416">2416</a>; nô &thorn;ät ý&eth;e by&eth; tô befleónne, <i>not easy</i>
+(as milder expression for <i>in no way, not at all</i>), <a href="#li1003">1003</a>.</p>
+
+<p>eá&eth;e, ý&eth;e, adv., <i>easily</i>. eá&eth;e, <a href="#li478">478</a>, <a href="#li2292">2292</a>, <a href="#li2765">2765</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleáthfynde">eá&eth;-fynde</a>, adj., <i>easy to find</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li138">138</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleáge">eáge</a>, w. n., <i>eye</i>: dat. pl. him of eágum stôd leóht
+unfäger, <i>out of his eyes came a terrible gleam</i>, <a href="#li727">727</a>; &thorn;ät ic ...
+eágum starige, <i>see with eyes, behold</i>, <a href="#li1782">1782</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1936">1936</a>;
+gen. pl. eágena bearhtm, <a href="#li1767">1767</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleágorstreám">eágor-streám</a>, st. m., <i>sea-stream sea</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li513">513</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleáland">eá-land</a>, st. n., <i>land surrounded by water</i> (of the land
+of the Geátas): acc. sg. eá-lond, <a href="#li2335">2335</a>; <i>island</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleám">eám</a>, st. m., <i>uncle, mothers brother</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li882">882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleástan">eástan</a>, adv., <i>from the east</i>, <a href="#li569">569</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleáwan">eáwan</a>, w. v., <i>to disclose, to show, to prove</i>: pres. sg.
+III. eáwe&eth; ... uncû&eth;ne nî&eth;, <i>shows evil enmity</i>, <a href="#li276">276</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#gleówan">eówan, ýwan</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-eáwan, <i>to show, to offer</i>: pret. part. him wäs ... wunden
+gold êstum ge-eáwed, <i>was graciously presented</i>, <a href="#li1195">1195</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossEO">EO</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleode">eode</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgangan">gangan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleodor">eodor</a>, st. m., <i>fence, hedge, railing</i>. Among the old
+Germans, an estate was separated by a fence from the property of
+others. Inside of this fence the laws of peace and protection held
+good, as well as in the house itself. Hence eodor is sometimes used
+instead of <i>house</i>: acc. pl. hêht eahta mearas on flet teón, in
+under eoderas, <i>gave orders to lead eight steeds into the hall, into
+the house</i>, <a href="#li1038">1038</a>.&mdash;2) figuratively, <i>lord, prince</i>, as
+protector: nom. sg. eodor, <a href="#li428">428</a>, <a href="#li1045">1045</a>; eodur, <a href="#li664">664</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleofoth">eofo&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>strength</i>: acc. pl. eofo&eth;o, <a href="#li2535">2535</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#gleafoth">eafo&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleofer">eofer</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>boar</i>, here of the metal boar-image
+upon the helmet: nom. sg. eofer îrenheard, <a href="#li1113">1113</a>.&mdash;2) figuratively,
+<i>bold hero, brave fighter</i> (O.N. iöfur): nom. pl. &thorn;onne ...
+eoferas cnysedan, <i>when the heroes rushed upon each other</i>, <a href="#li1329">1329</a>,
+where eoferas and fê&eth;an stand in the same relation to each other as
+cnysedan and hniton.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleoforlîc">eofor-lîc</a>, st. n. <i>boar-image</i> (on the helmet): nom. pl.
+eofor-lîc scionon, <a href="#li303">303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleoforspreót">eofor-spreót</a>, st. m., <i>boar-spear</i>: dat. pl. mid
+eofer-spreótum heóro-hôcyhtum, <i>with hunting-spears which were
+provided with sharp hooks</i>, <a href="#li1438">1438</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleoguth">eogu&eth;, iogu&eth;</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgeogoth">geogo&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleolet">eolet</a>, st. m. n., <i>sea</i>(?): gen. sg. eoletes, <a href="#li224">224</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorclanstân">eorclan-stân</a>, st. m., <i>precious stone</i>: acc. pl. -stânas,
+<a href="#li1209">1209</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthcyning">eor&eth;-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king of the land</i>: gen. sg.
+eor&eth;-cyninges (Finn), <a href="#li1156">1156</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthdraca">eor&eth;-draca</a>, w. m., <i>earth-drake, dragon that lives in the
+earth</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li2713">2713</a>, <a href="#li2826">2826</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthe">eor&eth;e</a>, w. f.: 1) <i>earth</i> (in contrast with heaven),
+<i>world</i>: acc. sg. älmihtiga eor&eth;an worhte, <a href="#li92">92</a>; wîde geond eor&eth;an,
+<i>far over the earth, through the wide world</i>, <a href="#li266">266</a>; dat. sg. ofer
+eor&eth;an, <a href="#li248">248</a>, <a href="#li803">803</a>; on eor&eth;an, <a href="#li1823">1823</a>, <a href="#li2856">2856</a>, <a href="#li3139">3139</a>; gen. sg. eor&eth;an,
+<a href="#li753">753</a>.&mdash;2) <i>earth, ground</i>: acc. sg. he eor&eth;an gefeóll, <i>fell to
+the ground</i>, <a href="#li2835">2835</a>; forlêton eorla gestreón eor&eth;an healdan, <i>let
+the earth hold the nobles' treasure</i>, <a href="#li3168">3168</a>; dat. sg. &thorn;ät hit on
+eor&eth;an läg, <a href="#li1533">1533</a>; under eor&eth;an, <a href="#li2416">2416</a>; gen. sg. wi&eth; eor&eth;an fä&eth;m (<i>in
+the bosom of the earth</i>), <a href="#li3050">3050</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthreced">eor&eth;-reced</a>, st. n., <i>hall in the earth, rock-hall</i>: acc.
+sg. <a href="#li2720">2720</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthscräf">eor&eth;-scräf</a>, st. n., <i>earth-cavern, cave</i>: dat. sg. eor&eth;-[scräfe],
+<a href="#li2233">2233</a>; gen. pl. eor&eth;-scräfe, <a href="#li3047">3047</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthsele">eor&eth;-sele</a>, st. m., <i>hall in the earth, cave</i>: acc. sg. eor&eth;-sele,
+<a href="#li2411">2411</a>; dat sg. of eor&eth;sele, <a href="#li2516">2516</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthweall">eor&eth;-weall</a>, st. m., <i>earth-wall</i>: acc. sg. (Ongen&thorn;eów) beáh eft
+under eor&eth;weall, <i>fled again under the earth-wall</i> (into his
+fortified camp), <a href="#li2958">2958</a>; &thorn;â me wäs ... sî&eth; âlýfed inn under eor&eth;weall,
+<i>then the way in, under the earth-wall was opened to me</i> (into
+the dragon's cave), <a href="#li3091">3091</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthweard">eor&eth;-weard</a>, st. m., <i>land-property, estate</i>: acc. sg.
+<a href="#li2335">2335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorl">eorl</a>, st. m., <i>noble born man, a man of the high
+nobility</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li762">762</a>, <a href="#li796">796</a>, <a href="#li1229">1229</a>, etc.; acc. sg. eorl, <a href="#li573">573</a>, <a href="#li628">628</a>,
+<a href="#li2696">2696</a>; gen. sg. eorles, <a href="#li690">690</a>, <a href="#li983">983</a>, <a href="#li1758">1758</a>, etc.; acc. pl. eorlas, <a href="#li2817">2817</a>;
+dat. pl. eorlum, <a href="#li770">770</a>, <a href="#li1282">1282</a>, <a href="#li1650">1650</a>, etc.; gen. pl. eorla, <a href="#li248">248</a>, <a href="#li357">357</a>, <a href="#li369">369</a>,
+etc.&mdash;Since the king himself is from the stock of the eorlas, he is
+also called eorl, <a href="#li6">6</a>, <a href="#li2952">2952</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorlgestreón">eorl-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>wealth of the nobles</i>: gen. pl.
+eorl-gestreóna ... hardfyrdne dæl, <a href="#li2245">2245</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorlgewæde">eorl-gewæde</a>, st. n., <i>knightly dress, armor</i>: dat. pl.
+-gewædum, <a href="#li1443">1443</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorlîc">eorlîc</a> (i.e. eorl-lîc), adj., <i>what it becomes a noble born man to
+do, chivalrous</i>: acc. sg. eorlîc ellen, <a href="#li638">638</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorlscipe">eorl-scipe</a>, st. m., <i>condition of being noble born,
+chivalrous nature, nobility</i>: acc. sg. eorl-scipe, <a href="#li1728">1728</a>, <a href="#li3175">3175</a>;
+eorl-scipe efnan, <i>to do chivalrous deeds</i>, <a href="#li2134">2134</a>, <a href="#li2536">2536</a>, <a href="#li2623">2623</a>,
+<a href="#li3008">3008</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorlweorod">eorl-weorod</a>, st. n., <i>followers of nobles</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li2894">2894</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleormencyn">eormen-cyn</a>, st. n., <i>very extensive race, mankind</i>: gen.
+sg. eormen-cynnes, <a href="#li1958">1958</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleormengrund">eormen-grund</a>, st. m., <i>immensely wide plains, the whole broad
+earth</i>: acc. sg. ofer eormen-grund, <a href="#li860">860</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleormenlâf">eormen-lâf</a>, st. f., <i>enormous legacy</i>: acc. sg.
+eormen-lâfe ä&eth;elan cynnes (<i>the treasures of the dragon's cave</i>)
+<a href="#li2235">2235</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorre">eorre</a>, adj., <i>angry, enraged</i>: gen. sg. eorres,
+<a href="#li1448">1448</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleoton">eoton</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>giant</i>: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel), <a href="#li762">762</a>;
+dat. sg. uninflected, eoton (Grendel), <a href="#li669">669</a>; nom. pl. eotenas,
+<a href="#li112">112</a>.&mdash;2) Eotens, subjects of Finn, the N. Frisians: <a href="#li1073">1073</a>, <a href="#li1089">1089</a>, <a href="#li1142">1142</a>;
+dat. pl. <a href="#li1146">1146</a>. See List of Names, p. 114.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleotonisc">eotonisc</a>, adj., <i>gigantic, coming from giants</i>: acc. sg.
+eald sweord eotenisc (eotonisc), <a href="#li1559">1559</a>, <a href="#li2980">2980</a>, (etonisc, MS.) <a href="#li2617">2617</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossEOl">EÓ</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleóredgeatwe">eóred-geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>warlike adornments</i>: acc. pl.,
+<a href="#li2867">2867</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleówan">eówan</a>, w. v., <i>to show, to be seen</i>: pres. sg. III. ne
+gesacu ôhwær, ecghete eówe&eth;, <i>nowhere shows itself strife,
+sword-hate</i>, <a href="#li1739">1739</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleáwan">eáwan, ýwan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleówer">eówer</a>: 1) gen. pl. pers. pron., vestrum: eówer sum, <i>that one
+of you</i> (namely, Beówulf), <a href="#li248">248</a>; fæh&eth;e eówer leóde, <i>the enmity of
+the people of you</i> (of your people), <a href="#li597">597</a>; nis &thorn;ät eówer sî&eth; ...
+nefne mîn ânes, <a href="#li2533">2533</a>.&mdash;2) poss. pron., <i>your</i>, <a href="#li251">251</a>, <a href="#li257">257</a>, <a href="#li294">294</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossF">F</a></b></p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefandian">fandian, -fondian</a>, w. v., <i>to try, to search for, to find
+out, to experience</i>: w. gen. pret. part. &thorn;ät häfde gumena sum
+goldes gefandod, <i>that a man had discovered the gold</i>, <a href="#li2302">2302</a>;
+&thorn;onne se ân hafa&eth; &thorn;urh deâ&eth;es nýd dæda gefondad, <i>now the one</i>
+(Herebeald) <i>has with death's pang experienced the deeds</i> (the
+unhappy bow-shot of Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2455">2455</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfara">fara</a>, w. m., <i>farer, traveller</i>: in comp. mere-fara.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfaran">faran</a>, st. v., <i>to move from one place to another, to go, to
+wander</i>: inf. tô hâm faran, <i>to go home</i>, <a href="#li124">124</a>; lêton on geflît
+faran fealwe mearas, <i>let the fallow horses go in emulation</i>,
+<a href="#li865">865</a>; cwom faran flotherge on Fresna land, <i>had come to Friesland
+with a fleet</i>, <a href="#li2916">2916</a>; com leóda dugo&eth;e on lâst faran, <i>came to go
+upon the track of the heroes of his people</i>, i.e. to follow them,
+<a href="#li2946">2946</a>; gerund wæron ä&eth;elingas eft tô leódum fûse tô farenne, <i>the
+nobles were ready to go again to their people</i>, <a href="#li1806">1806</a>; pret. sg.
+gegnum fôr [&thorn;â] ofer myrcan môr, <i>there had</i> (Grendel's mother)
+<i>gone away over the dark fen</i>, <a href="#li1405">1405</a>; sægenga fôr, <i>the
+seafarer</i> (the ship) <i>drove along</i>, <a href="#li1909">1909</a>; (wyrm) mid bæle fôr,
+(the dragon) <i>fled away with fire</i>, <a href="#li2309">2309</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;ät ... scawan
+scîrhame tô scipe fôron, <i>that the visitors in glittering attire
+betook themselves to the ship</i>, <a href="#li1896">1896</a>.</p>
+
+<p>gefaran, <i>to proceed, to act</i>: inf. hû se mânscea&eth;a under
+færgripum gefaran wolde, <i>how he would act in his sudden
+attacks</i>, <a href="#li739">739</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ût faran, <i>to go out</i>: w. acc. lêt of breóstum ... word ût faran,
+<i>let words go out of his breast, uttered words</i>, <a href="#li2552">2552</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfaroth">faro&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>stream, flood of the sea</i>: dat. sg. tô
+brimes faro&eth;e, <a href="#li28">28</a>; äfter faro&eth;e, <i>with the stream</i>, <a href="#li580">580</a>; ät
+faro&eth;e, <a href="#li1917">1917</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfaru">faru</a>, st. f., <i>way, passage, expedition</i>: in comp.
+âd-faru.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfâcenstäf">fâcen-stäf</a> (elementum nequitiae), st. m., <i>wickedness,
+treachery, deceit</i>. acc. pl. fâcen-stafas, <a href="#li1019">1019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfâh">fâh, fâg</a>, adj., <i>many-colored, variegated, of varying color</i> (especially
+said of the color of gold, of bronze, and of blood, in which the beams
+of light are refracted): nom. sg. fâh (<i>covered with blood</i>),
+<a href="#li420">420</a>; blôde fâh, <a href="#li935">935</a>; âtertânum fâh (sc. îren) [This is the MS reading; emmended to âterteárum in text--KTH], <a href="#li1460">1460</a>; sadol searwum fâh
+(<i>saddle artistically ornamented with gold</i>), <a href="#li1039">1039</a>; sweord swâte
+fâh, <a href="#li1287">1287</a>; brim blôde fâh, <a href="#li1595">1595</a>; wäldreóre fâg, <a href="#li1632">1632</a>; (draca)
+fýrwylmum fâh (<i>because he spewed flame</i>), <a href="#li2672">2672</a>; sweord fâh and
+fäted, <a href="#li2702">2702</a>; blôde fâh, <a href="#li2975">2975</a>; acc. sg. dreóre fâhne, <a href="#li447">447</a>; goldsele
+fättum fâhne, <a href="#li717">717</a>; on fâgne flôr treddode, <i>trod the shining
+floor</i> (of Heorot), <a href="#li726">726</a>; hrôf golde fâhne, <i>the roof shining with
+gold</i>, <a href="#li928">928</a>; nom. pl. eoforlîc ... fâh and fýr-beard, <a href="#li305">305</a>; acc. pl.
+&thorn;â hilt since fâge, <a href="#li1616">1616</a>; dat. pl. fâgum sweordum, <a href="#li586">586</a>.&mdash;Comp. bân-,
+blôd-, brûn-, dreór-, gold-, gryre-, searo-, sinc-, stân-, swât-,
+wäl-, wyrm-fâh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfâh">fâh, fâg, fâ</a>, adj.: 1) <i>hostile</i>: nom. sg. fâh
+feónd-sca&eth;a, <a href="#li554">554</a>; he wäs fâg wi&eth; god (Grendel), <a href="#li812">812</a>; acc. sg. fâne
+(<i>the dragon</i>), <a href="#li2656">2656</a>; gen. pl. fâra, <a href="#li578">578</a>, <a href="#li1464">1464</a>.&mdash;2) <i>liable to
+pursuit, without peace, outlawed</i>: nom. sg. fâg, <a href="#li1264">1264</a>; mâne fâh,
+<i>outlawed through crime</i>, <a href="#li979">979</a>; fyren-dædum fâg, <a href="#li1002">1002</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+nearo-fâh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfâmigheals">fâmig-heals</a>, adj., <i>with foaming neck</i>: nom. sg. flota
+fâmig-heals, <a href="#li218">218</a>; (sægenga) fâmig-heals, <a href="#li1910">1910</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäc">fäc</a>, st. n., <i>period of time</i>: acc. sg. lytel fäc,
+<i>during a short time</i>, <a href="#li2241">2241</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäder">fäder</a>, st. m., <i>father</i>: nom. sg. fäder, <a href="#li55">55</a>, <a href="#li262">262</a>, <a href="#li459">459</a>,
+<a href="#li2609">2609</a>; of God, <a href="#li1610">1610</a>; fäder alwalda, <a href="#li316">316</a>; acc. sg. fäder, <a href="#li1356">1356</a>; dat. sg.
+fäder, <a href="#li2430">2430</a>; gen. sg. fäder, <a href="#li21">21</a>, <a href="#li1480">1480</a>; of God, 188&mdash;Comp.: ær,
+eald-fäder.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfädera">fädera</a>, w. m., <i>father's brother</i> in comp.
+suhter-gefäderan.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäderäthelo">fäder-ä&eth;elo</a>, st. n. pl., <i>paternus principatus</i> (?): dat.
+pl. fäder-ä&eth;elum, <a href="#li912">912</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäderenmæg">fäderen-mæg</a>, st. m., <i>kinsman descended from the same father,
+co-descendant</i>: dat. sg. fäderen-mæge, <a href="#li1264">1264</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäthm">fä&eth;m</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>the outspread, encircling arms</i>: instr.
+pl. feóndes fä&eth;[mum], <a href="#li2129">2129</a>.&mdash;2) <i>embrace, encircling</i>: nom. sg.
+lîges fä&eth;m, <a href="#li782">782</a>; acc. sg. in fýres fä&eth;m, <a href="#li185">185</a>.&mdash;3) <i>bosom, lap</i>:
+acc. sg. on foldan fä&eth;m, <a href="#li1394">1394</a>; wi&eth; eor&eth;an fä&eth;m, <a href="#li3050">3050</a>; dat. pl. tô
+fäder (God's) fä&eth;mum, <a href="#li188">188</a>.&mdash;4) <i>power, property</i>: acc. in Francna
+fä&eth;m, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>.&mdash;Cf. sîd-fä&eth;med, sî&eth;-fä&eth;me.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäthmian">fä&eth;mian</a>, w. v., <i>to embrace, to take up into itself</i>:
+pres. subj. &thorn;ät minne lîchaman ... glêd fä&eth;mie, <a href="#li2653">2653</a>; inf. lêton flôd
+fä&eth;mian frätwa hyrde, <a href="#li3134">3134</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefäg">fäg</a>, adj., <i>agreeable, desirable</i> (Old Eng., fawe,
+<i>willingly</i>): comp. ge-fägra, <a href="#li916">916</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfägen">fägen</a>, adj., <i>glad, joyous</i>: nom. pl. ferh&eth;um fägne,
+<i>the glad at heart</i>, <a href="#li1634">1634</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäger">fäger</a>, adj., <i>beautiful, lovely</i>: nom. sg. fäger
+fold-bold, <a href="#li774">774</a>; fäger foldan bearm, <a href="#li1138">1138</a>; acc. sg. freo&eth;oburh fägere,
+<a href="#li522">522</a>; nom. pl. &thorn;ær him fold-wegas fägere &thorn;ûhton, <a href="#li867">867</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-fäger.</p>
+
+<p>fägere, fägre, adv., <i>beautifully, well, becomingly, according to
+etiquette</i>: fägere ge&thorn;ægon medoful manig, <a href="#li1015">1015</a>; &thorn;â wäs
+flet-sittendum fägere gereorded, <i>becomingly the repast was
+served</i>, <a href="#li1789">1789</a>; Higelâc ongan ... fägre fricgean, <a href="#li1986">1986</a>; similarly,
+<a href="#li2990">2990</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfär">fär</a>, st. n., <i>craft, ship</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li33">33</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäst">fäst</a>, adj., <i>bound, fast</i>: nom. sg. bi&eth; se slæp tô fäst,
+<a href="#li1743">1743</a>; acc. sg. freóndscipe fästne, <a href="#li2070">2070</a>; fäste frio&eth;uwære, <a href="#li1097">1097</a>.&mdash;The
+prep. on stands to denote the where or wherein: wäs tô fäst on &thorn;âm
+(sc. on fæh&eth;e and fyrene), <a href="#li137">137</a>; on ancre fäst, <a href="#li303">303</a>. Or, oftener, the
+dative: feónd-grâpum fäst, <i>(held) fast in his antagonist's
+clutch</i>, <a href="#li637">637</a>; fýrbendum fäst, <i>fast in the forged hinges</i>,
+<a href="#li723">723</a>; handa fäst, <a href="#li1291">1291</a>, etc.; hygebendum fäst (beorn him langa&eth;),
+<i>fast (shut) in the bonds of his bosom, the man longs for</i> (i.e.
+in secret), <a href="#li1879">1879</a>.&mdash;Comp: âr-, blæd-, gin-, sô&eth;-, tîr-, wîs-fäst.</p>
+
+<p>fäste, adv., <i>fäst</i> <a href="#li554">554</a>, <a href="#li761">761</a>, <a href="#li774">774</a>, <a href="#li789">789</a>, <a href="#li1296">1296</a>.&mdash;Comp. fästor, <a href="#li143">143</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbefästan">fästan</a>, w. v., <i>to give over</i>: inf. hêt Hildeburh hire
+selfre sunu sweolo&eth;e befästan, <i>to give over to the flames her own
+son</i>, <a href="#li1116">1116</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfästen">fästen</a>, st. n., <i>fortified place, or place difficult of
+access</i>: acc. sg. leóda fästen, <i>the fastness of the Geátas</i>
+(with ref. to <a href="#li2327">2327</a>, <a href="#li2334">2334</a>; fästen (Ongen&thorn;eów's castle or fort), <a href="#li2951">2951</a>;
+fästen (Grendel's house in the fen-sea), <a href="#li104">104</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfästræd">fäst-ræd</a>, adj., <i>firmly resolved</i>: acc. sg. fäst-rædne
+ge&thorn;ôht, <i>firm determination</i>, <a href="#li611">611</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfät">fät</a>, st. m., <i>way, journey</i>: in comp. sî&eth;-fät.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfät">fät</a>, st. n., <i>vessel; vase, cup</i>: acc. pl. fyrn-manna
+fatu, <i>the (drinking-) vessels of men of old times</i>,
+<a href="#li2762">2762</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bân-, drync-, mâ&eth;&eth;um-, sinc-, wundor-fät.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfät">fät</a>, st. n. (?), <i>plate, sheet of metal</i>, especially
+<i>gold plate</i> (Dietrich Hpt. Ztschr. XI. 420): dat. pl. gold sele
+... fättum fâhne, <i>shining with gold plates</i> (the walls and the
+inner part of the roof were partly covered with gold), <a href="#li717">717</a>; sceal se
+hearda helm hyrsted golde fätum befeallen (sc. wesan), <i>the gold
+ornaments shall fall away from it</i>, <a href="#li2257">2257</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfäted">fäted, fätt</a>, part., <i>ornamented with gold beaten into
+plate-form</i>: gen. sg. fättan goldes, <a href="#li1094">1094</a>, <a href="#li2247">2247</a>; instr. sg. fättan
+golde, <a href="#li2103">2103</a>. Elsewhere, <i>covered, ornamented with gold plate</i>:
+nom. sg. sweord ... fäted, <a href="#li2702">2702</a>; acc. sg. fäted wæge, <a href="#li2254">2254</a>, <a href="#li2283">2283</a>; acc.
+pl. fätte scyldas, <a href="#li333">333</a>; fätte beágas, <a href="#li1751">1751</a>. [fæted, etc.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfätedhleór">fäted-hleór</a>, adj., phaleratus gena (Dietr.): acc. pl. eahta
+mearas fäted-hleóre (<i>eight horses with bridles covered with plates
+of gold</i>), <a href="#li1037">1037</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfätgold">fät-gold</a>, st. n., <i>gold in sheets</i> or <i>plates</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li1922">1922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfæge">fæge</a>, adj.: 1) <i>forfeited to death, allotted to death by
+fate</i>: nom. sg. fæge, <a href="#li1756">1756</a>, <a href="#li2142">2142</a>, <a href="#li2976">2976</a>; fæge and ge-flýmed, <a href="#li847">847</a>;
+fûs and fæge, <a href="#li1242">1242</a>; acc. sg. fægne flæsc-homan, <a href="#li1569">1569</a>; dat. sg. fægum,
+<a href="#li2078">2078</a>; gen. sg. fæges, <a href="#li1528">1528</a>.&mdash;2) <i>dead</i>: dat. pl. ofer fægum
+(<i>over the warriors fallen in the battle</i>), <a href="#li3026">3026</a>.&mdash;Comp.: deá&eth;-,
+un-fæge.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfæhth">fæh&eth;</a> (<i>state of hostility</i>, see <a class="glentry" href="#glfâh">fâh</a>), st. f.,
+<i>hostile act, feud, battle</i>: nom. sg. fæh&eth;, <a href="#li2404">2404</a>, <a href="#li3062">3062</a>; acc. sg.
+fæh&eth;e, <a href="#li153">153</a>, <a href="#li459">459</a>, <a href="#li470">470</a>, <a href="#li596">596</a>, <a href="#li1334">1334</a>, etc.; also of the unhappy bowshot of
+the Hrê&eth;ling, Hæ&eth;cyn, by which he killed his brother, <a href="#li2466">2466</a>; dat. sg.
+fore fæh&eth;e and fyrene, <a href="#li137">137</a>; nalas for fæh&eth;e mearn (<i>did not recoil
+from the combat</i>), <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; gen. sg, ne gefeah he &thorn;ære fæh&eth;e, <a href="#li109">109</a>;
+gen. pl. fæh&eth;a gemyndig, <a href="#li2690">2690</a>.&mdash;Comp. wäl-fæh&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfæhtho">fæh&eth;o</a>, st. f., same as above: nom. sg. sió fæh&eth;o, <a href="#li3000">3000</a>; acc.
+fæh&eth;o, <a href="#li2490">2490</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfælsian">fælsian</a>, w. v., <i>to bring into a good condition, to
+cleanse</i>: inf. &thorn;ät ic môte ... Heorot fælsian (from the plague of
+Grendel), <a href="#li432">432</a>; pret. Hrô&eth;gâres ... sele fælsode, <a href="#li2353">2353</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fælsian, w. v., same as above: pret. part. häfde gefælsod ... sele
+Hrô&eth;gâres, <a href="#li826">826</a>; Heorot is gefælsod, <a href="#li1177">1177</a>; wæron ý&eth;-gebland eal
+gefælsod, <a href="#li1621">1621</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfæmne">fæmne</a>, w. f., <i>virgin, recens nupta</i>: dat. sg. fæmnan,
+<a href="#li2035">2035</a>; gen. sg. fæmnan, <a href="#li2060">2060</a>, both times of Hrô&eth;gâr's daughter
+Freáware.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfær">fær</a>, st. m., <i>sudden, unexpected attack</i>: nom. sg. (attack
+upon Hnäf's band by Finn's), <a href="#li1069">1069</a>, <a href="#li2231">2231</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfærgripe">fær-gripe</a>, st. m., <i>sudden, treacherous gripe, attack</i>:
+nom. sg. fær-gripe flôdes, <a href="#li1517">1517</a>; dat. pl. under færgripum, <a href="#li739">739</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfærgryre">fær-gryre</a>, st. m., <i>fright caused by a sudden attack</i>:
+dat. pl. wi&eth; fær-gryrum (against the inroads of Grendel into Heorot),
+<a href="#li174">174</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfæringa">færinga</a>, adv., <i>suddenly, unexpectedly</i>, <a href="#li1415">1415</a>, <a href="#li1989">1989</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfærnîth">fær-nî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>hostility with sudden attacks</i>: gen. pl.
+hwät me Grendel hafa&eth; ... færnî&eth;a gefremed, <a href="#li476">476</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfethergearwe">fe&eth;er-gearwe</a>, st. f. pl. <i>(feather-equipment), the feathers
+of the shaft of the arrow</i>: dat. (instr.) pl. sceft fe&eth;er-gearwum
+fûs, <a href="#li3120">3120</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfel">fel</a>, st. n., <i>skin, hide</i>: dat. pl. glôf ... gegyrwed
+dracan fellum, <i>made of the skins of dragons</i>, <a href="#li2089">2089</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfela">fela</a>, I., adj. indecl., <i>much, many</i>: as subst.: acc. sg.
+fela fricgende, <a href="#li2107">2107</a>. With worn placed before: hwät &thorn;u worn fela ...
+ymb Brecan spræce, <i>how very much you spoke about Breca</i>,
+<a href="#li530">530</a>.&mdash;With gen. sg.: acc. sg. fela fyrene, <a href="#li810">810</a>; wyrm-cynnes fela,
+<a href="#li1426">1426</a>; worna fela sorge, <a href="#li2004">2004</a>; tô fela micles ... Denigea leóde, <i>too
+much of the race of the Danes</i>, <a href="#li695">695</a>; uncû&eth;es fela, <a href="#li877">877</a>; fela lâ&eth;es,
+<a href="#li930">930</a>; fela leófes and lâ&eth;es, <a href="#li1061">1061</a>.&mdash;With gen. pl.: nom. sg. fela mâdma,
+<a href="#li36">36</a>; fela &thorn;æra wera and wîfa, <a href="#li993">993</a>, etc.; acc. sg. fela missera, <a href="#li153">153</a>;
+fela fyrena, <a href="#li164">164</a>; ofer landa fela, <a href="#li311">311</a>; mâ&eth;&eth;um-sigla fela (falo, MS.),
+<a href="#li2758">2758</a>; ne me swôr fela â&eth;a on unriht, <i>swore no false oaths</i>,
+<a href="#li2739">2739</a>, etc.; worn fela mâ&eth;ma, <a href="#li1784">1784</a>; worna fela gû&eth;a, <a href="#li2543">2543</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+eal-fela.</p>
+
+<p>II., adverbial, <i>very</i>, <a href="#li1386">1386</a>, <a href="#li2103">2103</a>, <a href="#li2951">2951</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfelahrôr">fela-hrôr</a>, adj., valde agitatus, <i>very active against the
+enemy, very warlike</i>, <a href="#li27">27</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfelamôdig">fela-môdig</a>, adj., <i>very courageous</i>: gen. pl. -môdigra,
+<a href="#li1638">1638</a>, <a href="#li1889">1889</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfelasynnig">fela-synnig</a>, adj., <i>very criminal, very guilty</i>: acc. sg.
+fela-sinnigne secg (in MS., on account of the alliteration, changed to
+simple sinnigne), <a href="#li1380">1380</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeólan">feólan</a>, st. v., <i>to betake one's self into a place, to
+conceal one's self</i>: pret. si&eth;&eth;an inne fealh Grendles môdor (in
+Heorot), <a href="#li1282">1282</a>; &thorn;ær inne fealh secg syn-bysig (in the dragon's cave),
+<a href="#li2227">2227</a>.&mdash;<i>to fall into, undergo, endure</i>: searonî&eth;as fealh, <a href="#li1201">1201</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-feólan, w. dat., insistere, adhærere: pret. nô ic him &thorn;äs georne
+ätfealh <i>(held him not fast enough</i>, <a href="#li969">969</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfen">fen</a>, st. n., <i>fen, moor</i>: acc. sg. fen, <a href="#li104">104</a>; dat. sg. tô fenne, <a href="#li1296">1296</a>; fenne, <a href="#li2010">2010</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfenfreotho">fen-freo&eth;o</a>, st. f., <i>refuge in the fen</i>: dat. sg. in
+fen-freo&eth;o, <a href="#li852">852</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeng">feng</a>, st. m., <i>gripe, embrace</i>: nom. sg. fýres feng, <a href="#li1765">1765</a>;
+acc. sg. fâra feng (of the hostile sea-monsters), <a href="#li578">578</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+inwit-feng.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfengel">fengel</a> (probably <i>he who takes possession</i>, cf. tô fôn,
+<a href="#li1756">1756</a>, and fôn tô rîce, <i>to enter upon the government</i>), st. m.,
+<i>lord, prince, king</i>: nom. sg. wîsa fengel, <a href="#li1401">1401</a>; snottra fengel,
+<a href="#li1476">1476</a>, <a href="#li2157">2157</a>; hringa fengel, <a href="#li2346">2346</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfengelâd">fen-ge-lâd</a>, st. n., <i>fen-paths, fen with paths</i>: acc. pl.
+frêcne fengelâd (<i>fens difficult of access</i>), <a href="#li1360">1360</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfenhlith">fen-hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>marshy precipice</i>: acc. pl. under
+fen-hleo&eth;u, <a href="#li821">821</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfenhop">fen-hop</a>, st. n., <i>refuge in the fen</i>: acc. pl. on
+fen-hopu, <a href="#li765">765</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferh">ferh</a>, st. m. n., <i>life</i>; see <a class="glentry" href="#glfeorh">feorh</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferh">ferh</a>, st. m., <i>hog, boar</i>, here of the boar-image on the
+helmet: nom. sg., <a href="#li305">305</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferhth">ferh&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>heart, soul</i>: dat. sg. on ferh&eth;e, <a href="#li755">755</a>,
+<a href="#li949">949</a>, <a href="#li1719">1719</a>; gehwylc hiora his ferh&eth;e treówde, &thorn;ät ..., <i>each of them
+trusted to his</i> (Hûnfer&eth;'s) <i>heart, that</i> ..., <a href="#li1167">1167</a>; gen. sg.
+ferh&eth;es fore-&thorn;anc, <a href="#li1061">1061</a>; dat. pl. (adverbial) ferh&eth;um fägne, <i>happy
+at heart</i>, <a href="#li1634">1634</a>; &thorn;ät mon ... ferh&eth;um freóge, <i>that one ...
+heartily love</i>, <a href="#li3178">3178</a>.&mdash;Comp.: collen-, sarig-, swift-, wide-ferh&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferhthfrec">ferh&eth;-frec</a>, adj., <i>having good courage, bold, brave</i>: acc.
+sg. ferh&eth;-frecan Fin, <a href="#li1147">1147</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferhthgenîthla">ferh&eth;-genî&eth;la</a>, w. m., <i>mortal enemy</i>: acc. sg.
+ferh&eth;-genî&eth;lan, of the drake, <a href="#li2882">2882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glferian">ferian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to bear, to bring, to conduct</i>:
+pres. II. pl. hwanon ferigea&eth; fätte scyldas, <a href="#li333">333</a>; pret. pl. tô scypum
+feredon eal ingesteald eor&eth;cyninges, <a href="#li1155">1155</a>; similarly, feredon, <a href="#li1159">1159</a>,
+<a href="#li3114">3114</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-ferian, <i>to carry away, to bear off</i>: pret. ic &thorn;ät hilt &thorn;anan
+feóndum ätferede, <a href="#li1669">1669</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-ferian, <i>bear, to bring, to lead</i>: pres. subj. I. pl. &thorn;onne
+(we) geferian freán ûserne, <a href="#li3108">3108</a>; inf. geferian ... Grendles heáfod,
+<a href="#li1639">1639</a>; pret. &thorn;ät hi ût geferedon dýre mâ&eth;mas, <a href="#li3131">3131</a>; pret. part. her
+syndon geferede feorran cumene ... Geáta leóde, <i>men of the Geátas,
+come from afar, have been brought hither</i> (by ship), <a href="#li361">361</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ô&eth;-ferian, <i>to tear away, to take away</i>: pret. sg. I. unsôfte
+&thorn;onan feorh ô&eth;-ferede, <a href="#li2142">2142</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-ferian, <i>to carry off, to take away, to tear away</i>: pret. ô&eth;er
+swylc ût offerede, <i>took away another such</i> (sc. fifteen), <a href="#li1584">1584</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfetelhilt">fetel-hilt</a>, st. n., <i>sword-hilt</i>, with the gold chains
+fastened to it: acc. (sg. or pl.?), <a href="#li1564">1564</a>. (See &quot;Leitfaden f. nord.
+Altertumskunde,&quot; pp.<a href="#li45">45</a>, <a href="#li46">46</a>.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfetian">fetian</a>, w. v., <i>to bring near, bring</i>: pres. subj. nâh hwâ
+... fe[tige] fäted wæge, <i>bring the gold-chased tankard</i>, <a href="#li2254">2254</a>;
+pret. part. hra&eth;e wäs tô bûre Beówulf fetod, <a href="#li1311">1311</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fetian, <i>to bring</i>: inf. hêt &thorn;â eorla hleó in gefetian Hrê&eth;les
+lâfe, <i>caused Hrê&eth;el's sword to be brought</i>, <a href="#li2191">2191</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâfêdan">fêdan</a>, w. v., <i>to nourish, to bring up</i>: pret. part. &thorn;ær
+he âfêded wäs, <a href="#li694">694</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêtha">fê&eth;a</a> (O.H.G. fendo), w. m.: 1) <i>foot-soldiers</i>: nom.
+pl. fê&eth;an, <a href="#li1328">1328</a>, <a href="#li2545">2545</a>.&mdash;2) collective in sing., <i>band of
+foot-soldiers, troop of warriors</i>: nom. fê&eth;a eal gesät, <a href="#li1425">1425</a>; dat.
+on fê&eth;an, <a href="#li2498">2498</a>, <a href="#li2920">2920</a>.&mdash;Comp. gum-fê&eth;a.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêthe">fê&eth;e</a>, st. n., <i>gait, going, pace</i>: dat. sg. wäs tô
+foremihtig feónd on fê&eth;e, <i>the enemy was too strong in going</i>
+(i.e. could flee too fast), <a href="#li971">971</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêthecempa">fê&eth;e-cempa</a>, w. m., <i>foot-soldier</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1545">1545</a>, <a href="#li2854">2854</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêthegäst">fê&eth;e-gäst</a>, st. m., <i>guest coming on foot</i>: dat. pl.
+fê&eth;e-gestum, <a href="#li1977">1977</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêthelâst">fê&eth;e-lâst</a>, st. m., <i>signs of going, footprint</i>: dat. pl.
+fêrdon for&eth; &thorn;onon fê&eth;e-lâstum, <i>went forth from there upon their
+trail</i>, i.e. by the same way that they had gone, <a href="#li1633">1633</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêthewîg">fê&eth;e-wîg</a>, st. m., <i>battle on foot</i>: gen. sg. nealles
+Hetware hrêmge &thorn;orfton (sc. wesan) fê&eth;e-wîges, <a href="#li2365">2365</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêl">fêl</a> (= feól), st. f. <i>file</i>: gen. pl. fêla lâfe, <i>what
+the files have left behind</i> (that is, the swords), <a href="#li1033">1033</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêran">fêran</a>, w. v., iter (A.S. fôr) facere, <i>to come, to go, to
+travel</i>: pres. subj. II. pl. ær ge ... on land Dena fur&eth;ur fêran,
+<i>ere you go farther into the land of the Danes</i>, <a href="#li254">254</a>; inf. fêran
+on freán wære (<i>to die</i>), <a href="#li27">27</a>; gewiton him &thorn;â fêran (<i>set out
+upon their way</i>), <a href="#li301">301</a>; mæl is me tô fêran, <a href="#li316">316</a>; fêran ... gang
+sceáwigan, <i>go, so as to see the footprints</i>, <a href="#li1391">1391</a>; wîde fêran,
+<a href="#li2262">2262</a>; pret. fêrdon folctogan ... wundor sceáwian, <i>the princes came
+to see the wonder</i>, <a href="#li840">840</a>; fêrdon for&eth;, <a href="#li1633">1633</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fêran: 1) adire, <i>to arrive at</i>: pres. subj. &thorn;onne eorl ende
+gefêre lîfgesceafta, <i>reach the end of life</i>, <a href="#li3064">3064</a>; pret. part.
+häfde æghwä&eth;er ende gefêred lænan lîfes, <i>frail life's end had both
+reached</i>, <a href="#li2845">2845</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to reach, to accomplish, to bring about</i>:
+pret. hafast &thorn;u gefêred &thorn;ät ..., <a href="#li1222">1222</a>, <a href="#li1856">1856</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to behave one's
+self, to conduct one's self</i>: pret. frêcne gefêrdon, <i>had shown
+themselves daring</i>, <a href="#li1692">1692</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeal">feal</a>, st. m., <i>fall</i>: in comp. wäl-feal.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeallan">feallan</a>, st. v., <i>to fall, to fall headlong</i>: inf.
+feallan, <a href="#li1071">1071</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ät he on hrusan ne feól, <i>that it</i> (the
+hall) <i>did not fall to the ground</i>, <a href="#li773">773</a>; similarly, feóll on
+foldan, <a href="#li2976">2976</a>; feóll on fê&eth;an (dat. sg.), <i>fell in the band</i> (of
+his warriors), <a href="#li2920">2920</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;onne walu feóllon, <a href="#li1043">1043</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-feallen, pret. part. w. dat. or instr., <i>deprived of, robbed</i>:
+freóndum befeallen, <i>robbed of friends</i>, <a href="#li1127">1127</a>; sceal se hearda
+helm ... fätum befeallen (sc. wesan), <i>be robbed of its gold
+mountings</i> (the gold mounting will fall away from it moldering),
+<a href="#li2257">2257</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-feallan, <i>to fall, to sink down</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;ät se
+lîc-homa ... fæge gefealle&eth;, <i>that the body doomed to die sinks
+down</i>, <a href="#li1756">1756</a>.&mdash;Also, with the acc. of the place whither: pret.
+meregrund gefeóll, <a href="#li2101">2101</a>; he eor&eth;an gefeóll, <a href="#li2835">2835</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfealu">fealu</a>, adj., <i>fallow, dun-colored, tawny</i>: acc. sg. ofer
+fealone flôd (<i>over the sea</i>), <a href="#li1951">1951</a>; fealwe stræte (with
+reference to <a href="#li320">320</a>, <a href="#li917">917</a>; acc. pl. lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas,
+<a href="#li866">866</a>.&mdash;Comp. äppel-fealo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeax">feax</a>, st. n., <i>hair, hair of the head</i>: dat. sg. wäs be
+feaxe on flet boren Grendles heáfod, <i>was carried by the hair into
+the hall</i>, <a href="#li1648">1648</a>; him ... swât ... sprong for&eth; under fexe, <i>the
+blood sprang out under the hair of his head</i>, <a href="#li2968">2968</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+blonden-, gamol-, wunden-feax.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefeá">feá</a>, w. m., <i>joy</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;ære fylle gefeán, <i>joy
+at the abundant repast</i>, <a href="#li562">562</a>; ic &thorn;äs ealles mäg ... gefeán
+habban (<i>can rejoice at all this</i>), <a href="#li2741">2741</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeá">feá</a>, adj., <i>few</i> dat. pl. nemne feáum ânum, <i>except some
+few</i>, <a href="#li1082">1082</a>; gen. pl. feára sum, <i>as one of a few, with a few</i>,
+<a href="#li1413">1413</a>; feára sumne, <i>one of a few (some few)</i>, <a href="#li3062">3062</a>. With gen.
+following: acc. pl. feá worda cwä&eth;, <i>spoke few words</i>, <a href="#li2663">2663</a>,
+<a href="#li2247">2247</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeásceaft">feá-sceaft</a>, adj., <i>miserable, unhappy, helpless</i>: nom. sg.
+sy&eth;&eth;an ærest wear&eth; feásceaft funden, <a href="#li7">7</a>; feásceaft guma (Grendel), <a href="#li974">974</a>;
+dat. sg. feásceaftum men, <a href="#li2286">2286</a>; Eádgilse ... feásceaftum, <a href="#li2394">2394</a>; nom.
+pl. feásceafte (the Geátas robbed of their king, Hygelâc), <a href="#li2374">2374</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeoh">feoh, feó</a>, st. n., (<i>properly cattle, herd</i>) here,
+<i>possessions, property, treasure</i>: instr. sg. ne wolde ...
+feorh-bealo feó &thorn;ingian, <i>would not allay life's evil for
+treasure</i> (tribute), <a href="#li156">156</a>; similarly, &thorn;â fæh&eth;e feó &thorn;ingode, <a href="#li470">470</a>; ic
+&thorn;e &thorn;â fæh&eth;e feó leánige, <a href="#li1381">1381</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefeohan">feohan</a>, ge-<b>feón</b>, st. v. w. gen. and instr., <i>to
+enjoy one's self, to rejoice at something</i>: a) w. gen.: pret. sg.
+ne gefeah he &thorn;ære fæh&eth;e, <a href="#li109">109</a>; hilde gefeh, beado-weorces, <a href="#li2299">2299</a>; pl.
+fylle gefægon, <i>enjoyed themselves at the bounteous repast</i>,
+<a href="#li1015">1015</a>; &thorn;eódnes gefêgon, <i>rejoiced at</i> (the return of) <i>the
+ruler</i>, <a href="#li1628">1628</a>.&mdash;b) w. instr.: niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-mær&eth;um, <a href="#li828">828</a>;
+secg weorce gefeh, <a href="#li1570">1570</a>; sælâce gefeah, mägen-byr&eth;enne &thorn;âra &thorn;e he him
+mid häfde, <i>rejoiced at the gift of the sea, and at the great burden
+of that</i> (Grendel's head and the sword-hilt) <i>which he had with
+him</i>, <a href="#li1625">1625</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeohgift">feoh-gift, -gyft</a>, st. f., <i>bestowing of gifts</i> or
+<i>treasures</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;ære feoh-gyfte, <a href="#li1026">1026</a>; dat. pl. ät
+feohgyftum, <a href="#li1090">1090</a>; fromum feohgiftum, <i>with rich gifts</i>, <a href="#li21">21</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeohleás">feoh-leás</a>, adj., <i>that cannot be atoned for through
+gifts</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;ät wäs feoh-leás gefeoht, <i>a deed of arms that
+cannot be expiated</i> (the killing of his brother by Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2442">2442</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefeoht">feoht</a>, st. n., <i>combat; warlike deed</i>: nom. sg. (the
+killing of his brother by Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2442">2442</a>; dat. sg. mêce &thorn;one &thorn;în fader
+tô gefeohte bär, <i>the sword which thy father bore to the combat</i>,
+<a href="#li2049">2049</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefeohtan">feohtan</a>, st. v., <i>to fight</i>: inf. w. acc. ne mehte ...
+wîg Hengeste wiht gefeohtan (<i>could by no means offer Hengest
+battle</i>), <a href="#li1084">1084</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeohte">feohte</a>, w. f., <i>combat</i>: acc. sg. feohtan, <a href="#li576">576</a>, <a href="#li960">960</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glwerefyhte">were-fyhte</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeor">feor</a>, adj., <i>far, remote</i>: nom. sg. nis &thorn;ät feor heonon,
+<a href="#li1362">1362</a>; näs him feor &thorn;anon tô gesêcanne sinces bryttan, <a href="#li1922">1922</a>; acc. sg.
+feor eal (<i>all that is far, past</i>), <a href="#li1702">1702</a>.</p>
+
+<p>feor, adv., <i>far, far away</i>: a) of space, <a href="#li42">42</a>, <a href="#li109">109</a>, <a href="#li809">809</a>, <a href="#li1806">1806</a>,
+<a href="#li1917">1917</a>; feor and (o&eth;&eth;e) neáh, <i>far and (or) near</i>, <a href="#li1222">1222</a>, <a href="#li2871">2871</a>;
+feorr, <a href="#li2267">2267</a>.&mdash;b) of time: ge feor hafa&eth; fæh&eth;e gestæled (<i>has placed
+us under her enmity henceforth</i>), <a href="#li1341">1341</a>.</p>
+
+<p>Comparative, fyr, feorr, and feor: fyr and fästor, <a href="#li143">143</a>; fyr, <a href="#li252">252</a>;
+feorr, <a href="#li1989">1989</a>; feor, <a href="#li542">542</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorbûend">feor-bûend</a>, pt., <i>dwelling far away</i>: nom. pl. ge
+feor-bûend, <a href="#li254">254</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorcýth">feor-cý&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>home of those living far away, distant
+land</i>: nom, pl. feor-cý&eth;&eth;e beó&eth; sêlran gesôhte &thorn;äm &thorn;e him selfa
+deáh, <i>foreign lands are better sought by him who trusts to his own
+ability</i>, <a href="#li1839">1839</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorh">feorh, ferh</a> (Goth. fairhvu-s, <i>world</i>), st. m. and n.,
+<i>life, principle of life, soul</i>: nom. sg. feorh, <a href="#li2124">2124</a>; nô &thorn;on
+lange wäs feorh ä&eth;elinges flæsce bewunden, <i>not for much longer was
+the soul of the prince enveloped in the body</i> (he was near death),
+<a href="#li2425">2425</a>; ferh ellen wräc, <i>life expelled the strength</i> (i.e. with
+the departing life the strength disappeared also), <a href="#li2707">2707</a>; acc. sg.
+feorh ealgian, <a href="#li797">797</a>, <a href="#li2656">2656</a>, <a href="#li2669">2669</a>; feorh gehealdan, <i>preserve his
+life</i>, <a href="#li2857">2857</a>; feorh âlegde, <i>gave up his life</i>, <a href="#li852">852</a>; similarly,
+ær he feorh sele&eth;, <a href="#li1371">1371</a>; feorh o&eth;ferede, <i>tore away her life</i>,
+<a href="#li2142">2142</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät hie forlæddan tô &thorn;am lindplegan swæse gesî&eth;as ond hyra
+sylfra feorh, <i>till in an evil hour they carried into battle their
+dear companions and their lives</i> (i.e. led them to their death),
+<a href="#li2041">2041</a>; gif &thorn;u &thorn;în feorh hafast, <a href="#li1850">1850</a>; ymb feorh sacan (<i>to fight for
+life</i>), <a href="#li439">439</a>; wäs in feorh dropen, <i>was wounded into his life</i>,
+i.e. mortally, <a href="#li2982">2982</a>; wîdan feorh, as temporal acc., <i>through a wide
+life</i>, i.e. always, <a href="#li2015">2015</a>; dat. sg. feore, <a href="#li1294">1294</a>, <a href="#li1549">1549</a>; tô wîdan
+feore, <i>for a wide life</i>, i.e. at all times, <a href="#li934">934</a>; on swâ geongum
+feore (<i>at a so youthful age</i>), <a href="#li1844">1844</a>; as instr., <a href="#li578">578</a>, <a href="#li3014">3014</a>; gen.
+sg. feores, <a href="#li1434">1434</a>, <a href="#li1943">1943</a>; dat. pl. bûton ... feorum gumena, <a href="#li73">73</a>; freónda
+feorum, <a href="#li1307">1307</a>.&mdash;Also, <i>body, corpse</i>: &thorn;â wäs heal hroden feónda
+feorum (<i>the hall was covered with the slain of the enemy</i>),
+<a href="#li1153">1153</a>; gehwearf &thorn;â in Francna fä&eth;m feorh cyninges, <i>then the body of
+the king</i> (Hygelâc) <i>fell into the power of the Franks</i>, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>.
+&mdash;Comp. geogo&eth;-feorh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhbana">feorh-bana</a>, w. m., <i>(life-slayer), man-slayer, murderer</i>:
+dat. sg. feorh-bonan, <a href="#li2466">2466</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhben">feorh-ben</a>, st. f., <i>wound that takes away life, mortal
+wound</i>: dat. (instr.) pl. feorh-bennum seóc, <a href="#li2741">2741</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhbealu">feorh-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>evil destroying life, violent
+death</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2078">2078</a>, <a href="#li2251">2251</a>, <a href="#li2538">2538</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li156">156</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhcyn">feorh-cyn</a>, st. n., <i>race of the living, mankind</i>: gen. pl.
+fela feorh-cynna, <a href="#li2267">2267</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhgenîthla">feorh-genî&eth;la</a>, w. m., <i>he who seeks life, life's enemy</i>
+(N.H.G. Tod-feind), <i>mortal enemy</i>: acc. sg. -genî&eth;lan, <a href="#li1541">1541</a>; dat.
+sg. -genî&eth;lan, <a href="#li970">970</a>; acc. sg. brægd feorh-genî&eth;lan, <a href="#li1541">1541</a>; acc. pl.
+folgode feorh-genî&eth;lan, (Ongen&thorn;eów) <i>pursued his mortal enemies</i>,
+<a href="#li2934">2934</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhlagu">feorh-lagu</a>, st. f., <i>the life allotted to anyone, life
+determined by fate</i>: acc. sg. on mâ&eth;ma hord mine (mînne, MS.)
+bebohte frôde feorh-lege, <i>for the treasure-hoard I sold my old
+life</i>, <a href="#li2801">2801</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhlâst">feorh-lâst</a>, st. m., <i>trace of (vanishing) life, sign of death
+</i>: acc. pl. feorh-lâstas bär, <a href="#li847">847</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhseóc">feorh-seóc</a>, adj., <i>mortally wounded</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li821">821</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhsweng">feorh-sweng</a>, st. m., <i>(stroke robbing of life), fatal
+blow</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2490">2490</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorhwund">feorh-wund</a>, st. f., <i>mortal wound, fatal injury</i>: acc.
+sg. feorh-wunde hleát, <a href="#li2386">2386</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorm">feorm</a>, st. f., <i>subsistence, entertainment</i>: acc. sg. nô
+&thorn;u ymb mînes ne &thorn;earft lîces feorme leng sorgian, <i>thou needest no
+longer have care for the sustenance of my body</i>, <a href="#li451">451</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>banquet</i>: dat. on feorme (or feorme, MS.), <a href="#li2386">2386</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeormendleás">feormend-leás</a>, adj., <i>wanting the. cleanser</i>: acc. pl.
+geseah ... fyrn-manna fatu feormend-leáse, <a href="#li2762">2762</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeormian">feormian</a>, w. v., <i>to clean, to cleanse, to polish</i>: pres. part. nom pl.
+feormiend swefa&eth; (feormynd, MS.), <a href="#li2257">2257</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-feormian, w. v., <i>to feast, to eat</i>; pret. part. sôna
+häfde unlyfigendes eal gefeormod fêt and folma, <a href="#li745">745</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorran">feorran</a>, w. v., w. acc., <i>to remove</i>: inf. sibbe ne wolde
+wi&eth; manna hwone mägenes Deniga feorh-bealo feorran, feó &thorn;ingian,
+(Grendel) <i>would not from friendship free any one of the men of the
+Danes of life's evil, nor allay it for tribute</i>, <a href="#li156">156</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorran">feorran</a>, adv., <i>from afar</i>: a) of space, <a href="#li361">361</a>, <a href="#li430">430</a>, <a href="#li826">826</a>,
+<a href="#li1371">1371</a>, <a href="#li1820">1820</a>, etc.; si&eth;&eth;an ä&eth;elingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne,
+<i>when noble men afar learn of your flight</i> (when the news of your
+flight reaches distant lands), <a href="#li2890">2890</a>; fêrdon folctogan feorran and
+neán, <i>from far and from near</i>, <a href="#li840">840</a>; similarly, neán and feorran
+&thorn;u nu [fri&eth;u] hafast, <a href="#li1175">1175</a>; wäs &thorn;äs wyrmes wîg wîde gesýne ... neán
+and feorran, <i>visible from afar, far and near</i>, <a href="#li2318">2318</a>.&mdash;b)
+temporal: se &thorn;e cû&eth;e frumsceaft fira feorran reccan (<i>since remote
+antiquity</i>), <a href="#li91">91</a>; similarly, feorran rehte, <a href="#li2107">2107</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorrancund">feorran-cund</a>, adj., <i>foreign-born</i>: dat. sg.
+feorran-cundum, <a href="#li1796">1796</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeorweg">feor-weg</a>, st. m., <i>far way</i>: dat. pl. mâdma fela of
+feorwegum, <i>many precious things from distant paths</i> (from
+foreign lands), <a href="#li37">37</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefeón">feón</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfeohan">feohan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeónd">feónd</a>, st. m., <i>enemy</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li164">164</a>, <a href="#li726">726</a>, <a href="#li749">749</a>; feónd on
+helle (Grendel), <a href="#li101">101</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li279">279</a>, <a href="#li1865">1865</a>, <a href="#li2707">2707</a>; dat. sg. feónde, <a href="#li143">143</a>,
+<a href="#li439">439</a>; gen. sg. feóndes, <a href="#li985">985</a>, <a href="#li2129">2129</a>, <a href="#li2290">2290</a>; acc, pl. feónd, <a href="#li699">699</a>; dat. pl.
+feóndum, <a href="#li420">420</a>, <a href="#li1670">1670</a>; gen. pl. feonda <a href="#li294">294</a>, <a href="#li809">809</a>, <a href="#li904">904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeóndgrâp">feónd-grâp</a>, st. f., <i>foe's clutch</i>: dat. (instr.) pl.
+feónd-grâpum fäst, <a href="#li637">637</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeóndsceatha">feónd-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>one who is an enemy and a robber</i>:
+nom. sg. fâh feónd-sca&eth;a (<i>a hostile sea-monster</i>), <a href="#li554">554</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeóndscipe">feónd-scipe</a>, st. m., <i>hostility</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3000">3000</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeówer">feówer</a>, num., <i>four</i>: nom. feówer bearn, <a href="#li59">59</a>; feówer
+mearas, <a href="#li2164">2164</a>; feówer, as substantive, <a href="#li1638">1638</a>; acc. feówer mâ&eth;mas, <a href="#li1028">1028</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfeówertyne">feówer-tyne</a>, num., <i>fourteen</i>: nom. with following gen.
+pl. feówertyne Geáta, <a href="#li1642">1642</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfindan">findan</a>, st. v., <i>to find, to invent, to attain</i>: a) with
+simple object in acc.: inf. &thorn;âra &thorn;e he cênoste findan mihte, <a href="#li207">207</a>;
+swylce hie at Finnes-hâm findan meahton sigla searo-gimma, <a href="#li1157">1157</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li2871">2871</a>; mäg &thorn;ær fela freónda findan, <a href="#li1839">1839</a>; wolde guman
+findan, <a href="#li2295">2295</a>; swâ hyt weor&eth;lîcost fore-snotre men findan mihton, <i>so
+splendidly as only very wise men could devise it</i>, <a href="#li3164">3164</a>; pret. sg.
+heal&thorn;egnas fand, <a href="#li720">720</a>; word ô&eth;er fand, <i>found other words</i>, i.e.
+went on to another narrative, <a href="#li871">871</a>; grimne gryrelîcne grund-hyrde
+fond, <a href="#li2137">2137</a>; &thorn;ät ic gôdne funde beága bryttan, <a href="#li1487">1487</a>; pret. part. sy&eth;&eth;an
+ærest wear&eth; feásceaft funden (<i>discovered</i>), <a href="#li7">7</a>.&mdash;b) with acc. and
+pred. adj.: pret. sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, <a href="#li2790">2790</a>.&mdash;c) with
+acc. and inf.: pret. fand &thorn;â &thorn;ær inne ä&eth;elinga gedriht swefan, <a href="#li118">118</a>;
+fand wäccendne wer wîges bîdan, <a href="#li1268">1268</a>; hord-wynne fond opene standan,
+<a href="#li2271">2271</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät he fyrgen-beámas ... hleonian funde, <a href="#li1416">1416</a>; pret. pl.
+fundon &thorn;â sâwulleásne hlim-bed healdan, <a href="#li3034">3034</a>.&mdash;d) with dependent
+clause: inf. nô &thorn;ý ær feásceafte findan meahton ät &thorn;am ä&eth;elinge &thorn;ät he
+Heardrêde hlâford wære (<i>could by no means obtain it from the
+prince</i>), <a href="#li2374">2374</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-findan, <i>to be sensible of, to perceive, to notice</i>: a) w.
+acc.: pret. sg. landweard onfand eftsî&eth; eorla, <i>the coast-guard
+observed the return of the earls</i>, <a href="#li1892">1892</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â heó
+onfunden wäs (<i>was discovered</i>), <a href="#li1294">1294</a>.&mdash;b) w. depend, clause:
+pret. sg. &thorn;â se gist onfand &thorn;ät se beado-leóma bîtan nolde, <i>the
+stranger</i> (Beówulf) <i>perceived that the sword would not cut</i>,
+<a href="#li1523">1523</a>; sôna &thorn;ät onfunde, &thorn;ät ..., <i>immediately perceived that</i>...,
+<a href="#li751">751</a>; similarly, <a href="#li810">810</a>, <a href="#li1498">1498</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfinger">finger</a>, st. m., <i>finger</i>: nom. pl. fingras, <a href="#li761">761</a>; acc. pl.
+fingras, <a href="#li985">985</a>; dat. (instr.) pl. fingrum, <a href="#li1506">1506</a>; gen. pl. fingra, <a href="#li765">765</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfiras">firas, fyras</a> (O.H.G. firahî, i.e. <i>the living</i>; cf.
+feorh), st. m., only in pl., <i>men</i>: gen. pl. fira, <a href="#li91">91</a>, <a href="#li2742">2742</a>;
+monegum fira, <a href="#li2002">2002</a>; fyra gehwylcne leóda mînra, <a href="#li2251">2251</a>; fira
+fyrngeweorc, <a href="#li2287">2287</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfiren">firen, fyren</a>, st. f., <i>cunning waylaying, insidious
+hostility, malice, outrage</i>: nom. sg. fyren, <a href="#li916">916</a>; acc. sg. fyrene
+and fæh&eth;e, <a href="#li153">153</a>; fæh&eth;e and fyrene, <a href="#li880">880</a>, <a href="#li2481">2481</a>; firen' ondrysne, <a href="#li1933">1933</a>;
+dat. sg. fore fæh&eth;e and fyrene, <a href="#li137">137</a>; gen. pl. fyrena, <a href="#li164">164</a>, <a href="#li629">629</a>; and
+fyrene, <a href="#li812">812</a>; fyrena hyrde (of Grendel), <a href="#li751">751</a>. The dat. pl., fyrenum, is
+used adverbially in the sense of <i>maliciously</i>, <a href="#li1745">1745</a>, or
+<i>fallaciously</i>, with reference to Hæ&eth;cyn's killing Herebeald,
+which was done unintentionally, <a href="#li2442">2442</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfirendæd">firen-dæd</a>, st. f., <i>wicked deed</i>: acc. pl. fyren-dæda,
+<a href="#li1670">1670</a>; instr. pl. fyren-dædum, <a href="#li1002">1002</a>; both times of Grendel and his
+mother, with reference to their nocturnal inroads.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfirenthearf">firen-&thorn;earf</a>, st. f., <i>misery through the malignity of
+enemies</i>: acc. sg. fyren-&thorn;earfe, <a href="#li14">14</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfirgenbeám">firgen-beám</a>, st. m., <i>tree of a mountain-forest</i>: acc. pl.
+fyrgen-beámas, <a href="#li1415">1415</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfirgenholt">firgen-holt</a>, st. m., <i>mountain-wood, mountain-forest</i>:
+acc. sg. on fyrgen-holt, <a href="#li1394">1394</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfirgenstreám">firgen-streám</a>, st. m., <i>mountain-stream</i>: nom. sg.
+fyrgen-streám, <a href="#li1360">1360</a>; acc. sg. under fyrgen-streám (marks the place
+where the mountain-stream, according to <a href="#li1360">1360</a>, empties into Grendel's
+sea), <a href="#li2129">2129</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfisc">fisc</a>, st. m., <i>fish</i>: in comp. hron-, mere-fisc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfîf">fîf</a>, num., <i>five</i>: uninflect. gen. fîf nihta fyrst, <a href="#li545">545</a>;
+acc. fîfe (?), <a href="#li420">420</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfîfelcyn">fîfel-cyn</a> (O.N. fîfl, stultus and gigas), st. n.,
+<i>giant-race</i>: gen. sg. fîfelcynnes eard, <a href="#li104">104</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfîftene">fîf-tene, fîf-tyne</a>, num., <i>fifteen</i>: acc. fýftyne, <a href="#li1583">1583</a>;
+gen. fîftena sum, <a href="#li207">207</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfîftig">fîf-tig</a>, num., <i>fifty</i>: 1) as substantive with gen.
+following; acc. fîftig wintra, <a href="#li2734">2734</a>; gen. se wäs fîftiges
+fôt-gemearces lang, <a href="#li3043">3043</a>.&mdash;2) as adjective: acc. fîftig wintru, <a href="#li2210">2210</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflân">flân</a>, st. m., <i>arrow</i>: dat. sg. flâne, <a href="#li3120">3120</a>; as instr.,
+<a href="#li2439">2439</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflânboga">flân-boga</a>, w. m., <i>bow which shoots the flân, bow</i>: dat.
+sg. of flân-bogan, <a href="#li1434">1434</a>, <a href="#li1745">1745</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflæsc">flæsc</a>, st. n., <i>flesh, body in contrast with soul</i>: instr.
+sg. nô &thorn;on lange wäs feorh ä&eth;elinges flæsce bewunden, <i>not much
+longer was the son of the prince contained in his body</i>,
+<a href="#li2425">2425</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflæschama">flæsc-hama</a>, w. m., <i>clothing of flesh</i>, i.e. the body:
+acc. sg. flæsc-homan, <a href="#li1569">1569</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflet">flet</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>ground, floor of a hall</i>: acc. sg. heó
+on flet gebeáh, <i>fell to the ground</i>, <a href="#li1541">1541</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1569">1569</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>hall, mansion</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li1977">1977</a>; acc. sg. flet, <a href="#li1037">1037</a>, <a href="#li1648">1648</a>, <a href="#li1950">1950</a>,
+<a href="#li2018">2018</a>, etc.; flett, <a href="#li2035">2035</a>; &thorn;ät hie him ô&eth;er flet eal gerýmdon, <i>that
+they should give up entirely to them another hall</i>, <a href="#li1087">1087</a>; dat. sg.
+on flette, <a href="#li1026">1026</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfleträst">flet-räst</a>, st. f., <i>resting-place in the hall</i>: acc. sg.
+flet-räste gebeág, <i>reclined upon the couch in the hall</i>, <a href="#li1242">1242</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfletsittend">flet-sittend</a>, pres. part., <i>sitting in the hall</i>: acc. pl
+-sittende, <a href="#li2023">2023</a>; dat. pl. -sittendum, <a href="#li1789">1789</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfletwerod">flet-werod</a>, st. n., <i>troop from the hall</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li476">476</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfleám">fleám</a>, st. m., <i>flight</i>: acc. sg. on fleám gewand, <i>had
+turned to flight</i>, <a href="#li1002">1002</a>; fleám eówerne, <a href="#li2890">2890</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfleógan">fleógan</a>, st. v., <i>to fly</i>: prs. sg. III. fleóge&eth;, <a href="#li2274">2274</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfleón">fleón</a>, st. v., <i>to flee</i>: inf. on heolster fleón, <a href="#li756">756</a>;
+fleón on fenhopu, <a href="#li765">765</a>; fleón under fen-hleo&eth;u, <a href="#li821">821</a>; pret.
+hete-swengeas fleáh, <a href="#li2226">2226</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbefleón">be-fleón</a>, w. acc., <i>to avoid, to escape</i>: gerund nô &thorn;ät
+ý&eth;e by&eth; tô befleónne, <i>that is not easy</i> (i.e. not at all) <i>to
+be avoided</i>, <a href="#li1004">1004</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferfleón">ofer-fleón</a>, w. acc., <i>to flee from one, to yield</i>: inf.
+nelle ic beorges weard oferfleón fôtes trem, <i>will not yield to the
+warder of the mountain</i> (the drake) <i>a foot's breadth</i>, <a href="#li2526">2526</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfleótan">fleótan</a>, st. v., <i>to float upon the water, to swim</i>: inf.
+nô he wiht fram me flôd-ý&eth;um feor fleótan meahte. hra&eth;or on helme,
+<i>no whit, could he swim from me farther on the waves</i> (regarded
+as instrumental, so that the waves marked the distance), <i>more
+swiftly in the sea</i>, <a href="#li542">542</a>; pret. sægenga fleát fâmigheals for&eth; ofer
+ý&eth;e, <i>floated away over the waves</i>, <a href="#li1910">1910</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfliht">fliht</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glflyht">flyht</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflitme">flitme</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glunflitme">un-flitme</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflîtan">flîtan</a>, st. v., <i>to exert one's self, to strive, to
+emulate</i>: pres. part. flîtende fealwe stræte mearum mæton (<i>rode
+a race</i>), <a href="#li917">917</a>; pret. sg. II. eart &thorn;u se Beówulf, se &thorn;e wi&eth; Brecan
+... ymb sund flite, <i>art thou the Beówulf who once contended with
+Breca for the prize in swimming?</i> <a href="#li507">507</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferflîtan">ofer-flîtan</a>, <i>to surpass one in a contest, to conquer, to
+overcome</i>: pret. w. acc. he &thorn;e ät sunde oferflât (<i>overcome thee
+in a swimming-wager</i>), <a href="#li517">517</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeflît">flît</a>, st. n., <i>emulation</i>: acc. sg. lêton on geflît
+faran fealwe mearas, <i>let the fallow horses go in emulation</i>,
+<a href="#li866">866</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfloga">floga</a>, w. m., <i>flyer</i>; in the compounds: gû&eth;-, lyft-,
+uht-, wîd-floga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflota">flota</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glfleótan">fleótan</a>), w. m., <i>float, ship, boat</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li210">210</a>, <a href="#li218">218</a>, <a href="#li301">301</a>; acc. sg. flotan eówerne, <a href="#li294">294</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+wæg-flota.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflothere">flot-here</a>, st. m., <i>fleet</i>: instr. sg. cwom faran
+flotherge on Fresna land, <a href="#li2916">2916</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflôd">flôd</a>, st. m., <i>flood, stream, sea-current</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li545">545</a>,
+<a href="#li580">580</a>, <a href="#li1362">1362</a>, etc.; acc. sg. flôd, <a href="#li3134">3134</a>; ofer fealone flôd, <a href="#li1951">1951</a>; dat.
+sg. tô flôde, <a href="#li1889">1889</a>; gen. pl. flôda begong, <i>the region of
+floods</i>, i.e. the sea, <a href="#li1498">1498</a>, <a href="#li1827">1827</a>; flôda genipu, <a href="#li2809">2809</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflôdýth">flôd-ý&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>flood-wave</i>: instr. pl. flôd-ý&eth;um, <a href="#li542">542</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflôr">flôr</a>, st. m., <i>floor, stone-floor</i>: acc. sg. on fâgne flôr
+(the floor was probably a kind of mosaic, made of colored flags), <a href="#li726">726</a>;
+dat. sg. gang &thorn;â äfter flôre, <i>along the floor</i> (i.e. along the
+hall), <a href="#li1317">1317</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glflyht">flyht, fliht</a>, st. m., <i>flight</i>: nom. sg. gâres fliht,
+<i>flight of the spear</i>, <a href="#li1766">1766</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeflýman">flýman</a>, w. v., <i>to put to flight</i>: pret. part.
+geflýmed, <a href="#li847">847</a>, <a href="#li1371">1371</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolc">folc</a>, st. n., <i>troop, band of warriors; folk</i>, in the
+sense of the whole body of the fighting men of a nation: acc. sg.
+folc, <a href="#li522">522</a>, <a href="#li694">694</a>, <a href="#li912">912</a>; Sû&eth;dene folc, <a href="#li464">464</a>; folc and rîce, <a href="#li1180">1180</a>; dat. sg.
+folce, <a href="#li14">14</a>, <a href="#li2596">2596</a>; folce Deninga, <a href="#li465">465</a>; as instr. folce gestepte ofer sæ
+sîde, <i>went with a band of warriors over the wide sea</i>, <a href="#li2394">2394</a>;
+gen. sg. folces, <a href="#li1125">1125</a>; folces Denigea, <a href="#li1583">1583</a>.&mdash;The king is called
+folces hyrde, <a href="#li611">611</a>, <a href="#li1833">1833</a>, <a href="#li2645">2645</a>, <a href="#li2982">2982</a>; freáwine folces, <a href="#li2358">2358</a>; or folces
+weard, <a href="#li2514">2514</a>. The queen, folces cwên, <a href="#li1933">1933</a>.&mdash;The pl., in the sense of
+<i>warriors, fighting men</i>: nom. pl. folc, <a href="#li1423">1423</a>, <a href="#li2949">2949</a>; dat. pl.
+folcum, <a href="#li55">55</a>, <a href="#li262">262</a>, <a href="#li1856">1856</a>; gen. pl. freó- (freá-) wine folca, <i>of the
+king</i>, <a href="#li430">430</a>, <a href="#li2430">2430</a>; fri&eth;u-sibb folca, <i>of the queen</i>,
+<a href="#li2018">2018</a>.&mdash;Comp. sige-folc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcâgend">folc-âgend</a>, pres. part., <i>leader of a band of warriors</i>:
+nom. pl. folc-âgende, <a href="#li3114">3114</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcbeorn">folc-beorn</a>, st. m., <i>man of the multitude, a common man</i>:
+nom. sg. folc-beorn, <a href="#li2222">2222</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolccwên">folc-cwên</a>, st. f., <i>queen of a warlike host</i>: nom. sg., of
+Wealh&thorn;eów, <a href="#li642">642</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolccyning">folc-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king of a warlike host</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2734">2734</a>, <a href="#li2874">2874</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcræd">folc-ræd</a>, st. m, <i>what best serves a warlike host</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li3007">3007</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcriht">folc-riht</a>, st. n., <i>the rights of the fighting men of a
+nation</i>: gen. pl. him ær forgeaf ... folcrihta gehwylc, swâ his
+fäder âhte, <a href="#li2609">2609</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcscearu">folc-scearu</a>, st. f., <i>part of a host of warriors, nation</i>:
+dat. sg. folc-scare, <a href="#li73">73</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolcstede">folc-stede</a>, st. m., <i>position of a band of warriors, place
+where a band of warriors is quartered</i>: acc. sg. folcstede, of the
+hall, Heorot, <a href="#li76">76</a>; folcstede fâra (<i>the battle-field</i>), <a href="#li1464">1464</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolctoga">folc-toga</a>, w. m., <i>leader of a body of warriors, duke</i>:
+nom. pl., powerful liege-men of Hrô&eth;gâr are called folc-togan, <a href="#li840">840</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfoldbold">fold-bold</a>, st. n., <i>earth-house</i> (i.e. a house on earth in
+contrast with a dwelling in heaven): nom. sg. fäger fold-bold, of the
+hall, Heorot, <a href="#li774">774</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfoldbûend">fold-bûend</a>, pres. part. <i>dweller on earth, man</i>: nom. pl.
+fold-bûend, <a href="#li2275">2275</a>; fold-bûende, <a href="#li1356">1356</a>; dat. pl. fold-bûendum, <a href="#li309">309</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolde">folde</a>, w. f., <i>earth, ground</i>: acc. sg. under foldan,
+<a href="#li1362">1362</a>; feóll on foldan, <a href="#li2976">2976</a>; gen. sg. foldan bearm, <i>the bosom of
+the earth</i>, <a href="#li1138">1138</a>; foldan sceátas, <a href="#li96">96</a>; foldan fä&eth;m, <a href="#li1394">1394</a>.&mdash;Also,
+<i>earth, world</i>: dat. sg. on foldan, <a href="#li1197">1197</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfoldweg">fold-weg</a>, st. m., <i>field-way, road through the country</i>:
+acc. sg. fold-weg, <a href="#li1634">1634</a>; acc. pl. fold-wegas, <a href="#li867">867</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolgian">folgian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to perform vassal-duty, to serve, to
+follow</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;eáh hie hira beággyfan banan folgedon,
+<i>although they followed the murderer of their prince</i>, <a href="#li1103">1103</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to pursue, to follow after</i>: folgode feorh-genî&eth;lan (acc. pl.)
+<a href="#li2934">2934</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfolm">folm</a>, st. f, <i>hand</i>: acc. sg. folme, <a href="#li971">971</a>, <a href="#li1304">1304</a>; dat. sg.
+mid folme, <a href="#li743">743</a>; acc. pl. fêt and folma, <i>feet and hands</i>, <a href="#li746">746</a>;
+dat. pl. tô banan folmum, <a href="#li158">158</a>; folmum (instr.), <a href="#li723">723</a>, <a href="#li993">993</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+beado-, gearo-folm.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfor">for</a>, prep. w. dat., instr., and acc.: 1) w. dat. local,
+<i>before</i>, ante: &thorn;ät he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, <a href="#li358">358</a>; for
+hlâwe, <a href="#li1121">1121</a>.&mdash;b) <i>before</i>, coram, in conspectu: no he &thorn;ære
+feohgyfte for sceótendum scamigan &thorn;orfte, <i>had no need to be ashamed
+of the gift before the warriors</i>, <a href="#li1027">1027</a>; for &thorn;äm werede, <a href="#li1216">1216</a>; for
+eorlum, <a href="#li1650">1650</a>; for dugu&eth;e, <i>before the noble band of warriors</i>,
+<a href="#li2021">2021</a>.&mdash;Causal, a) to denote a subjective motive, <i>on account of,
+through, from</i>: for wlenco, <i>from bravery, through warlike
+courage</i>, <a href="#li338">338</a>, <a href="#li1207">1207</a>; for wlence, <a href="#li508">508</a>; for his wonhýdum, <a href="#li434">434</a>; for
+onmêdlan, <a href="#li2927">2927</a>, etc.&mdash;b) objective, partly denoting a cause,
+<i>through, from, by reason of</i>: for metode, <i>for the creator, on
+account of the creator</i>, <a href="#li169">169</a>; for &thorn;reánýdum, <a href="#li833">833</a>; for &thorn;reánêdlan,
+<a href="#li2225">2225</a>; for dolgilpe, <i>on account of, in accordance with the promise
+of bold deeds</i> (because you claimed bold deeds for yourself), <a href="#li509">509</a>;
+him for hrôfsele hrînan ne mehte fær-gripe flôdes, <i>on account of
+the roofed hall the malicious grasp of the flood could not reach
+him</i>, <a href="#li1516">1516</a>; lîg-egesan wäg for horde, <i>on account of</i> (the
+robbing of) <i>the treasure</i>, <a href="#li2782">2782</a>; for mundgripe mînum, <i>on
+account of, through the gripe of my hand</i>, <a href="#li966">966</a>; for &thorn;äs hildfruman
+hondgeweorce, <a href="#li2836">2836</a>; for swenge, <i>through the stroke</i>, <a href="#li2967">2967</a>; ne
+meahte ... deóp gedýgan for dracan lêge, <i>could not hold out in the
+deep on account of the heat of the drake</i>, <a href="#li2550">2550</a>. Here may be added
+such passages as ic &thorn;äm gôdan sceal for his môd&thorn;räce mâ&eth;mas beódan,
+<i>will offer him treasures on account of his boldness of character,
+for his high courage</i>, <a href="#li385">385</a>; ful-oft for lässan leán teohhode,
+<i>gave often reward for what was inferior</i>, <a href="#li952">952</a>; nalles for ealdre
+mearn, <i>was not uneasy about his life</i>, <a href="#li1443">1443</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>.
+Also denoting purpose: for ârstafum, <i>to the assistance</i>, <a href="#li382">382</a>,
+<a href="#li458">458</a>.&mdash;2) w. instr. causal, <i>because of, for</i>: he hine feor
+forwräc for &thorn;ý mane, <a href="#li110">110</a>.&mdash;3) w. acc., <i>for, as, instead of</i>: for
+sunu freógan, <i>love as a son</i>, <a href="#li948">948</a>; for sunu habban, <a href="#li1176">1176</a>; ne him
+&thorn;äs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde, <i>held the drake's fighting as
+nothing</i>, <a href="#li2349">2349</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforan">foran</a>, adv., <i>before, among the first, forward</i>: si&eth;&eth;an
+... sceáwedon feóndes fingras, foran æghwylc (<i>each before
+himself</i>), <a href="#li985">985</a>; &thorn;ät wäs ân foran ealdgestreóna, <i>that was one
+among the first of the old treasures</i>, i.e. a splendid old
+treasure, <a href="#li1459">1459</a>; &thorn;e him foran ongeán linde bæron, <i>bore their shields
+forward against him</i> (went out to fight against him), <a href="#li2365">2365</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-foran: 1) adv., local, <i>before</i>: he ... beforan gengde,
+<i>went before</i>, <a href="#li1413">1413</a>; temporal, <i>before, earlier</i>, <a href="#li2498">2498</a>.&mdash;2)
+prep. w. acc. <i>before</i>, in conspectu: mære mâ&eth;&eth;um-sweord manige
+gesâwon beforan beorn beran, <a href="#li1025">1025</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glford">ford</a>, st. m., <i>ford, water-way</i>: acc. sg. ymb brontne
+ford, <a href="#li568">568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforth">for&eth;</a>: 1) local, <i>forth, hither, near</i>: for&eth; near ätstôp,
+<i>approached nearer</i>, <a href="#li746">746</a>; &thorn;â cwom Wealh&thorn;eó for&eth; gân, <a href="#li1163">1163</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li613">613</a>; him sele&thorn;egn for&eth; wîsade, <i>led him</i> (Beówulf)
+<i>forth</i> (to the couch that had been prepared for him in Heorot),
+<a href="#li1796">1796</a>; &thorn;ät him swât sprong for&eth; under fexe, <i>forth under the hair of
+his head</i>, <a href="#li2968">2968</a>. <i>Forward, further</i>: gewîta&eth; for&eth; beran wæpen
+and gewædu, <a href="#li291">291</a>; he tô for&eth; gestôp, <a href="#li2290">2290</a>; freo&eth;o-wong &thorn;one for&eth;
+ofereodon, <a href="#li2960">2960</a>. <i>Away, forth</i>, <a href="#li45">45</a>, <a href="#li904">904</a>; fyrst for&eth; gewât, <i>the
+time</i> (of the way to the ship) <i>was out</i>, i.e. they had
+arrived at the ship, <a href="#li210">210</a>; me ... for&eth;-gewitenum, <i>to me the
+departed</i>, <a href="#li1480">1480</a>; fêrdon for&eth;, <i>went forth</i> (from Grendel's
+sea), <a href="#li1633">1633</a>; &thorn;onne he for&eth; scile, <i>when he must (go) forth</i>, i.e.
+die, <a href="#li3178">3178</a>; hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men for&eth; gefremede,
+<i>carried him forth, over all men</i>, <a href="#li1719">1719</a>.&mdash;2) temporal, <i>forth,
+from now on</i>: heald for&eth; tela niwe sibbe, <a href="#li949">949</a>; ic sceal for&eth;
+sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, <i>shall from now on speak again of
+Grendel</i>, <a href="#li2070">2070</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfurthum">fur&eth;um</a> and <b>fur&eth;or</b>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforthgerîmed">for&eth;-gerîmed</a>, pres. part., <i>in unbroken succession</i>, <a href="#li59">59</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforthgesceaft">for&eth;-gesceaft</a>, st. f., <i>that which is determined for farther
+on, future destiny</i>: acc. sg. he &thorn;â for&eth;-gesceaft forgyte&eth; and
+forgýme&eth;, <a href="#li1751">1751</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforthweg">for&eth;-weg</a>, st. m., <i>road that leads away, journey</i>: he of
+ealdre gewât frôd on for&eth;-weg (<i>upon the way to the next world</i>),
+<a href="#li2626">2626</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfore">fore</a>, prep. w. dat., local, <i>before</i>, coram, in conspectu:
+heó fore &thorn;äm werede spräc, <a href="#li1216">1216</a>. Causal, <i>through, for, because
+of</i>: nô mearn fore fæh&eth;e and fyrene, <a href="#li136">136</a>; fore fäder dædum,
+<i>because of the father's deeds</i>, <a href="#li2060">2060</a>,&mdash;Allied to this is the
+meaning, <i>about</i>, de, super: &thorn;ær wäs sang and swêg samod ätgädere
+fore Healfdenes hildewîsan, <i>song and music about Healfdene's
+general</i> (the song of Hnäf), <a href="#li1065">1065</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforemære">fore-mære</a>, adj., <i>renowned beyond (others)</i>, præclarus:
+superl. &thorn;ät wäs fore-mærost foldbûendum receda under roderum, <a href="#li309">309</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforemihtig">fore-mihtig</a>, adj., <i>able beyond (others)</i>, præpotens: nom.
+sg. wäs tô foremihtig feónd on fê&eth;e, <i>the enemy was too strong in
+going</i> (could flee too rapidly), <a href="#li970">970</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforesnotor">fore-snotor</a>, adj., <i>wise beyond (others)</i>, sapientissimus:
+nom. pl. foresnotre men, <a href="#li3164">3164</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforethanc">fore-&thorn;anc</a>, st. m., <i>forethought, consideration,
+deliberation</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1061">1061</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforht">forht</a>, adj., <i>fearful, cowardly</i>: nom. sg. forht, <a href="#li2968">2968</a>; he
+on môde wear&eth; forht on ferh&eth;e, <a href="#li755">755</a>.&mdash;Comp. unforht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforma">forma</a>, adj., <i>foremost, first</i>: nom. sg. forma sî&eth; (<i>the
+first time</i>), <a href="#li717">717</a>, <a href="#li1464">1464</a>, <a href="#li1528">1528</a>, <a href="#li2626">2626</a>; instr. sg. forman sî&eth;e, <a href="#li741">741</a>,
+<a href="#li2287">2287</a>; forman dôgore, <a href="#li2574">2574</a>.</p>
+
+<p>fyrmest, adv. superl., <i>first of all, in the first place</i>: he
+fyrmest läg, <a href="#li2078">2078</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforst">forst</a>, st. m., <i>frost, cold</i>: gen. sg. forstes bend, <a href="#li1610">1610</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfortham">for-&thorn;am, for-&thorn;an, for-&thorn;on</a>, adv. and conj., <i>therefore, on
+that account, then</i>: for&thorn;am, <a href="#li149">149</a>; for&thorn;an, <a href="#li418">418</a>, <a href="#li680">680</a>, <a href="#li1060">1060</a>; for&thorn;on
+&thorn;e, <i>because</i>, <a href="#li503">503</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfôn">fôn</a>, st. v., <i>to catch, to grasp, to take hold, to take</i>:
+prs. sg. III. fêh&eth; ô&eth;er tô, <i>another lays hold</i> (takes
+possession), <a href="#li1756">1756</a>; inf. ic mid grâpe sceal fôn wi&eth; feónde, <a href="#li439">439</a>; pret.
+sg. him tôgeánes fêng, <i>caught at him, grasped at him</i>, <a href="#li1543">1543</a>; w.
+dat. he &thorn;âm frätwum fêng, <i>received the rich adornments</i>
+(Ongen&thorn;eów's equipment), <a href="#li2990">2990</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-fôn, <i>to surround, to ensnare, to encompass, to embrace</i>:
+pret. part. hyne sâr hafa&eth; ... nearwe befongen balwon bendum, <a href="#li977">977</a>; heó
+ä&eth;elinga ânne häfde fäste befangen (<i>had seized him firmly</i>),
+<a href="#li1296">1296</a>; helm ... befongen freáwrâsnum (<i>encircled by an ornament like
+a diadem</i>), <a href="#li1452">1452</a>; fenne bifongen, <i>surrounded by the fen</i>,
+<a href="#li2010">2010</a>; (draca) fýre befongen, <i>encircled by fire</i>, <a href="#li2275">2275</a>, <a href="#li2596">2596</a>;
+häfde landwara lîge befangen, <i>encompassed by fire</i>, <a href="#li2322">2322</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fôn, w. acc., <i>to seize, to grasp</i>: pret. he gefêng slæpendne
+rinc, <a href="#li741">741</a>; gû&eth;rinc gefêng atolan clommum, <a href="#li1502">1502</a>; gefêng &thorn;â be eaxle ...
+Gû&eth;geáta leód Grendles môdor, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; gefêng &thorn;â fetelhilt, <a href="#li1564">1564</a>; hond
+rond gefêng, geolwe linde, <a href="#li2610">2610</a>; ic on ôfoste gefêng micle mid mundum
+mägen-byr&eth;enne, <i>hastily I seized with my hands the enormous
+burden</i>, <a href="#li3091">3091</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-fôn, w. dat., <i>to receive, to accept, to take</i>: pres. imp. sg.
+onfôh &thorn;issum fulle, <i>accept this cup</i>, <a href="#li1170">1170</a>; inf. &thorn;ät &thorn;ät &thorn;eódnes
+bearn ... scolde fäder-ä&eth;elum onfôn, <i>receive the paternal rank</i>,
+<a href="#li912">912</a>; pret. sg. hwâ &thorn;äm hläste onfêng, <i>who received the ship's
+lading</i>, <a href="#li52">52</a>; hleór-bolster onfêng eorles andwlitan, <i>the pillow
+received the nobleman's face</i>, <a href="#li689">689</a>; similarly, <a href="#li853">853</a>, <a href="#li1495">1495</a>; heal
+swêge onfêng, <i>the hall received the loud noise</i>, <a href="#li1215">1215</a>; he onfêng
+hra&eth;e inwit-&thorn;ancum, <i>he</i> (Beówulf) <i>at once clutched him</i>
+(Grendel) <i>devising malice</i>, <a href="#li749">749</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-fôn, w. acc., <i>to break through with grasping, to destroy by
+grasping</i>: inf. &thorn;ät heó &thorn;one fyrd-hom &thorn;urh-fôn ne mihte, <a href="#li1505">1505</a>.</p>
+
+<p>wi&eth;-fôn, w. dat., <i>(to grasp at), to seize, to lay hold of</i>:
+pret. sg. him fäste wi&eth;-fêng, <a href="#li761">761</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymbe-fôn, w. acc., <i>to encircle</i>: pret. heals ealne ymbefêng
+biteran bânum, <i>encircled his</i> (Beówulf's) <i>whole neck with
+sharp bones</i> (teeth), <a href="#li2692">2692</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfôt">fôt</a>, st. m., <i>foot</i>: gen. sg. fôtes trem (<i>the measure
+of a foot, a foot broad</i>), <a href="#li2526">2526</a>; acc. pl. fêt, <a href="#li746">746</a>; dat. pl. ät
+fôtum, <i>at the feet</i>, <a href="#li500">500</a>, <a href="#li1167">1167</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfôtgemearc">fôt-gemearc</a>, st. n., <i>measure, determining by feet, number of
+feet</i>: gen. sg. se wäs fîftiges fôtgemearces lang (<i>fifty feet
+long</i>), <a href="#li3043">3043</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfôtlâst">fôt-lâst</a>, st. m., <i>foot-print</i>: acc. sg. (draca) onfand
+feóndes fôt-lâst, <a href="#li2290">2290</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfracod">fracod</a>, adj., <i>objectionable, useless</i>. nom. sg. näs seó
+ecg fracod hilde-rince, <a href="#li1576">1576</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfram">fram, from</a>, I. prep. w. dat. loc. <i>away from something</i>:
+&thorn;ær fram sylle âbeág medubenc monig, <a href="#li776">776</a>, <a href="#li1716">1716</a>; &thorn;anon eft gewiton
+ealdgesî&eth;as ... fram mere, <a href="#li856">856</a>; cyning-balde men from &thorn;äm holmclife
+hafelan bæron, <a href="#li1636">1636</a>; similarly, <a href="#li541">541</a>, <a href="#li543">543</a>, <a href="#li2367">2367</a>. Standing after the
+dat.: he hine feor forwräc ... mancynne fram, <a href="#li110">110</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1716">1716</a>.
+Also, <i>hither from something</i>: &thorn;â ic cwom ... from feóndum, <a href="#li420">420</a>;
+æghwä&eth;rum wäs ... brôga fram ô&eth;rum, <a href="#li2566">2566</a>.&mdash;Causal with verbs of saying
+and hearing, <i>of, about, concerning</i>: sägdest from his sî&eth;e, <a href="#li532">532</a>;
+nô ic wiht fram &thorn;e swylcra searo-nî&eth;a secgan hýrde, <a href="#li581">581</a>; &thorn;ät he fram
+Sigemunde secgan hyrde, <a href="#li876">876</a>. II adv., <i>away, thence</i>: nô &thorn;ý ær
+fram meahte, <a href="#li755">755</a>; <i>forth, out</i>: from ærest cwom oru&eth; aglæcean ût
+of stâne, <i>the breath of the dragon came forth first from the
+rock</i> <a href="#li2557">2557</a>.</p>
+
+<p>fram, from, adj.: 1) <i>directed forwards, striving forwards</i>; in
+comp. sî&eth;-fram.&mdash;2) <i>excellent, splendid</i>, of a man with
+reference to his warlike qualities: nom. sg. ic eom on môde from,
+<a href="#li2528">2528</a>; nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate, <a href="#li1642">1642</a>, <a href="#li2477">2477</a>. Of things: instr. pl.
+fromum feoh-giftum, <a href="#li21">21</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-from; see <a class="glentry" href="#glfreme">freme, forma</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefrägen">frägen</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfrignan">frignan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrätwe">frätwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>ornament, anything costly</i>,
+originally <i>carved objects</i> (cf. Dietrich in Hpts. Ztschr. X. 216
+ff.), afterwards of any costly and artistic work: acc. pl. frätwe,
+<a href="#li2920">2920</a>; beorhte frätwe, <a href="#li214">214</a>; beorhte frätwa, <a href="#li897">897</a>; frätwe..
+eorclan-stânas, <a href="#li1208">1208</a>; frätwe,... breóst-weor&eth;unge, <a href="#li2504">2504</a>, both times of
+Hygelâc's collar; frätwe and fät-gold, <a href="#li1922">1922</a>; frätwe (Eanmund's sword
+and armor), <a href="#li2621">2621</a>; dat. instr. pl. &thorn;âm frätwum, <a href="#li2164">2164</a>; on frätewum, <a href="#li963">963</a>;
+frätwum (Hea&eth;obeard sword) hrêmig, <a href="#li2055">2055</a>; frätwum, of the drake's
+treasures, <a href="#li2785">2785</a>; frätwum (Ongen&thorn;eów's armor), <a href="#li2990">2990</a>; gen. pl. fela ...
+frätwa, <a href="#li37">37</a>; &thorn;âra frätwa (drake's treasure), <a href="#li2795">2795</a>; frätwa hyrde
+(drake), <a href="#li3134">3134</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrätwan">frätwan</a>, w. v., <i>to supply with ornaments, to adorn</i>: inf.
+folc-stede frätwan, <a href="#li76">76</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-frätwian, w. v., <i>to adorn</i>: pret. sg. gefrätwade foldan
+sceátas leomum and leáfum, <a href="#li96">96</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs hâten Heort
+innanweard folmum gefrätwod, <a href="#li993">993</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefræge">fræge</a>, adj., <i>known by reputation, renowned</i>: nom. sg.
+leód-cyning ... folcum gefræge, <a href="#li55">55</a>; swâ hyt gefræge wäs, <a href="#li2481">2481</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefræge">fræge</a>, st. n., <i>information through hearsay</i>: instr.
+sg. mine gefræge (<i>as I learned through the narrative of
+others</i>), <a href="#li777">777</a>, <a href="#li838">838</a>, <a href="#li1956">1956</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefrægnian">frægnian</a>, w. v., <i>to become known through hearsay</i>:
+pret. part. fylle gefrægnod (of Grendel's mother, who had become known
+through the carrying off of Äschere), 1334?</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreca">freca</a>, w. m., properly <i>a wolf</i>, as one that breaks in,
+robs; here a designation of heroes: nom. sg. freca Scildinga, of
+Beówulf, <a href="#li1564">1564</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gû&eth;-, hilde-, scyld-, sweord-, wîg-freca;
+fer&eth;-frec (adj.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfremde">fremde</a>, adj., properly <i>distant, foreign</i>; then
+<i>estranged, hostile</i>: nom sg. &thorn;ät wäs fremde &thorn;eód êcean dryhtne,
+of the giants, <a href="#li1692">1692</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreme">freme</a>, adj., <i>excellent, splendid</i>: nom. sg. fem. fremu
+folces cwên, of &THORN;ry&eth;o, 1933(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfremman">fremman</a>, w. v., <i>to press forward, to further</i>, hence: 1)
+in general, <i>to perform, to accomplish, to do, to make</i>: pres.
+subj. without an object, fremme se &thorn;e wille, <i>let him do (it)
+whoever will</i>, <a href="#li1004">1004</a>. With acc.: imp. pl. fremma&eth; ge nu leóda
+&thorn;earfe, <a href="#li2801">2801</a>; inf. fyrene fremman, <a href="#li101">101</a>; säcce fremman, <a href="#li2500">2500</a>; fæh&eth;e ...
+mær&eth;um fremman, <a href="#li2515">2515</a>, etc.; pret. sg. folcræd fremede (<i>did what was
+best for his men</i>, i.e. ruled wisely), <a href="#li3007">3007</a>; pl. hû &thorn;â ä&eth;elingas
+ellen fremedon, <a href="#li3">3</a>; feohtan fremedon, <a href="#li960">960</a>; nalles fâcenstafas ...
+&thorn;enden fremedon, <a href="#li1020">1020</a>; pret. subj. &thorn;ät ic ... mær&eth;o fremede, <a href="#li2135">2135</a>.
+&mdash;2) <i>to help on, to support</i>: inf. &thorn;ät he mec fremman wile
+wordum and worcum (to an expedition), <a href="#li1833">1833</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fremman, w. acc., <i>to do, to make, to render</i>: inf. gefremman
+eorlîc ellen, <a href="#li637">637</a>; helpan gefremman, <i>to give help</i>, <a href="#li2450">2450</a>; äfter
+weáspelle wyrpe gefremman, <i>to work a change after sorrow</i> (to
+give joy after sorrow), <a href="#li1316">1316</a>; gerund, tô gefremmanne, <a href="#li174">174</a>, <a href="#li2645">2645</a>; pret.
+sg. gefremede, <a href="#li135">135</a>, <a href="#li165">165</a>, <a href="#li551">551</a>, <a href="#li585">585</a>, etc.; &thorn;eáh &thorn;e hine mihtig god ...
+ofer ealle men for&eth; gefremede, <i>placed him away, above all men</i>,
+i.e. raised him, <a href="#li1719">1719</a>; pret. pl. gefremedon, <a href="#li1188">1188</a>, <a href="#li2479">2479</a>; pret. subj.
+gefremede, <a href="#li177">177</a>; pret. part. gefremed, <a href="#li476">476</a>; fem, nu scealc hafa&eth; ...
+dæd gefremede, <a href="#li941">941</a>; absolutely, &thorn;u &thorn;e self hafast dædum gefremed, &thorn;ät
+..., <i>hast brought it about by thy deeds that</i>, <a href="#li955">955</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfretan">fretan</a>, st. v., <i>to devour, to consume</i>: inf. &thorn;â (the
+precious things) sceal brond fretan, <a href="#li3015">3015</a>; nu sceal glêd fretan wîgena
+strengel, <a href="#li3115">3115</a>; pret. sg. (Grendel) slæpende frät folces Denigea
+fýftyne men, <a href="#li1582">1582</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrêcne">frêcne</a>, adj., <i>dangerous, bold</i>: nom. sg. frêcne
+fýr-draca, <a href="#li2690">2690</a>; feorh-bealo frêcne, <a href="#li2251">2251</a>, <a href="#li2538">2538</a>; acc. sg. frêcne dæde,
+<a href="#li890">890</a>; frêcne fengelâd, <a href="#li1360">1360</a>; frêcne stôwe, <a href="#li1379">1379</a>; instr. sg. frêcnan
+spræce (<i>through provoking words</i>), <a href="#li1105">1105</a>.</p>
+
+<p>frêcne, adv., <i>boldly, audaciously</i>, <a href="#li960">960</a>, <a href="#li1033">1033</a>, <a href="#li1692">1692</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreá">freá</a>, w. m., <i>ruler, lord</i>, of a temporal ruler: nom. sg.
+freá, <a href="#li2286">2286</a>; acc. sg. freán, <a href="#li351">351</a>, <a href="#li1320">1320</a>, <a href="#li2538">2538</a>, <a href="#li3003">3003</a>, <a href="#li3108">3108</a>; gen. sg.
+freán, <a href="#li359">359</a>, <a href="#li500">500</a>, <a href="#li1167">1167</a>, <a href="#li1681">1681</a>; dat. sg. freán, <a href="#li271">271</a>, <a href="#li291">291</a>, <a href="#li2663">2663</a>. Of a
+husband: dat. sg. eode ... tô hire freán sittan, <a href="#li642">642</a>. Of God: dat. sg.
+freán ealles, <i>the Lord of all</i>, <a href="#li2795">2795</a>; gen. sg. freán, <a href="#li27">27</a>.&mdash;
+Comp.: âgend-, lîf-, sin-freá.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreádryhten">freá-dryhten</a>, st. m., <i>lord, ruling lord</i>: gen. sg.
+freá-drihtnes, <a href="#li797">797</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreáwine">freá-wine</a>, st. m., <i>lord and friend, friendly ruler</i>: nom.
+sg. freá-wine folces (folca), <a href="#li2358">2358</a>, <a href="#li2430">2430</a>; acc. sg. his freá-wine,
+<a href="#li2439">2439</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreáwrâsn">freá-wrâsn</a>, st. f., <i>encircling ornament like a diadem</i>:
+instr. pl. helm ... befongen freáwrâsnum, <a href="#li1452">1452</a>; see <a class="glentry" href="#glwrâsn">wrâsn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreothu">freo&eth;u, fri&eth;u</a>, f., <i>protection, asylum, peace</i>: acc. sg.
+wel bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e môt ... tô fäder fä&eth;mum freo&eth;o wilnian, <i>who may
+obtain an asylum in God's arms</i>, <a href="#li188">188</a>; neán and feorran &thorn;u nu
+[fri&eth;u] hafast, <a href="#li1175">1175</a>.&mdash;Comp. fen-freo&eth;o.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreothoburh">freo&eth;o-burh</a>, st. f., <i>castle, city affording protection</i>:
+acc. sg. freo&eth;oburh fägere, <a href="#li522">522</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreothowong">freo&eth;o-wong</a>, st. m., <i>field of peace, field of
+protection</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2960">2960</a>; seems to have been the proper name of
+a field.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreothowær">freo&eth;o-wær</a>, st. f., <i>peace-alliance, security of peace</i>:
+acc. sg. &thorn;â hie getrûwedon on twâ healfa fäste frio&eth;u-wære, <a href="#li1097">1097</a>; gen.
+sg. frio&eth;owære bäd hlâford sînne, <i>entreated his lord for the
+protection of peace</i> (i.e. full pardon for his delinquency), <a href="#li2283">2283</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreothowebbe">freo&eth;o-webbe</a>, w. f., <i>peace-weaver</i>, designation of the
+royal consort (often one given in marriage as a confirmation of a
+peace between two nations): nom. sg., <a href="#li1943">1943</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreóburh">freó-burh</a>, st. f., = freá-burg (?), <i>ruler's castle</i> (?)
+(according to Grein, arx ingenua): acc. sg. freóburh, <a href="#li694">694</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreód">freód</a>, st. f., <i>friendship</i>: acc. sg. freóde ne woldon
+ofer heafo healdan, <a href="#li2477">2477</a>; gen. sg. näs &thorn;ær mâra fyrst freóde tô
+friclan, <i>was no longer time to seek for friendship</i>, <a href="#li2557">2557</a>;
+&mdash;<i>favor, acknowledgement</i>: acc. sg. ic &thorn;e sceal mîne gelæstan
+freóde (<i>will show myself grateful</i>, with reference to <a href="#li1381">1381</a> ff.),
+<a href="#li1708">1708</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreódryhten">freó-dryhten</a> (= freá-dryhten), st. m., <i>lord, ruler</i>;
+according to Grein, dominus ingenuus vel nobilis: nom. sg. as voc.
+freó-drihten min! <a href="#li1170">1170</a>; dat. sg. mid his freó-dryhtne, <a href="#li2628">2628</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreógan">freógan</a>, w. v., <i>to love; to think of lovingly</i>: pres.
+subj. &thorn;ät mon his wine-dryhten ... ferh&eth;um freóge, <a href="#li3178">3178</a>; inf. nu ic
+&thorn;ec ... me for sunu wylle freógan on ferh&eth;e, <a href="#li949">949</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreólîc">freó-lîc</a>, adj., <i>free, free-born</i> (here of the lawful wife
+in contrast with the bond concubine): nom. sg. freólîc wîf, <a href="#li616">616</a>;
+freólîcu folc-cwên, <a href="#li642">642</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreónd">freónd</a>, st. m., <i>friend</i>: acc. sg. freónd, <a href="#li1386">1386</a>, <a href="#li1865">1865</a>;
+dat. pl. freóndum, <a href="#li916">916</a>, <a href="#li1019">1019</a>, <a href="#li1127">1127</a>; gen. pl. freónda, <a href="#li1307">1307</a>, <a href="#li1839">1839</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreóndlathu">freónd-la&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>friendly invitation</i>: nom. sg. him
+wäs ful boren and freónd-la&eth;u (<i>friendly invitation to drink</i>)
+wordum bewägned, <a href="#li1193">1193</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreóndlâr">freónd-lâr</a>, st. f., <i>friendly counsel</i>: dat. (instr.) pl.
+freónd-lârum, <a href="#li2378">2378</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreóndlîce">freónd-lîce</a>, adv., <i>in a friendly manner, kindly</i>: compar.
+freónd-lîcor, <a href="#li1028">1028</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreóndscipe">freónd-scipe</a>, st. m., <i>friendship</i>: acc. sg. freónd-scipe
+fästne, <a href="#li2070">2070</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfreówine">freó-wine</a>, st. m. (see <a class="glentry" href="#glfreáwine">freáwine</a>), <i>lord and friend,
+friendly ruler</i>; according to Grein, amicus nobilis, princeps
+amicus: nom. sg. as voc. freó-wine folca! <a href="#li430">430</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfricgean">fricgean</a>, w. v., <i>to ask, to inquire into</i>: inf. ongan
+sînne geseldan fägre fricgean hwylce Sæ-Geáta sî&eth;as wæron, <a href="#li1986">1986</a>; pres.
+part, gomela Scilding fela fricgende feorran rehte, <i>the old
+Scilding, asking many questions</i> (having many things related to
+him), <i>told of old times</i> (the conversation was alternate), <a href="#li2107">2107</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-fricgean, <i>to learn, to learn by inquiry</i>: pres. pl. sy&eth;&eth;an hie
+ge-fricgea&eth; freán ûserne ealdorleásne, <i>when they learn that our lord is
+dead</i>, <a href="#li3003">3003</a>; pres. subj. gif ic &thorn;ät gefricge, &thorn;ät..., <a href="#li1827">1827</a>; pl. sy&eth;&eth;an
+ä&eth;elingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne, <a href="#li2890">2890</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfriclan">friclan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glfreca">freca</a>), w. v. w. gen., <i>to seek, to desire, to
+strive for</i>: inf. näs &thorn;ær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, <a href="#li2557">2557</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrithosib">fri&eth;o-sib</a>, st. f., <i>kin for the confirming of peace</i>,
+designation of the queen (see <a class="glentry" href="#glfreotho&mdash;webbe">freo&eth;o&mdash;webbe</a>), <i>peace-bringer</i>:
+nom. sg. fri&eth;u-sibb folca, <a href="#li2018">2018</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrignan">frignan, fringan, frinan</a>, st. v., <i>to ask, to inquire</i>: imp. ne
+frin &thorn;u äfter sælum, <i>ask not after the well-being!</i> <a href="#li1323">1323</a>; inf. ic &thorn;äs
+wine Deniga frinan wille ... ymb &thorn;înne sî&eth;, <a href="#li351">351</a>; pret. sg. frägn, <a href="#li236">236</a>, <a href="#li332">332</a>;
+frägn gif ..., <i>asked whether</i> ..., <a href="#li1320">1320</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-frignan, ge-fringan, ge-frinan, <i>to find out by inquiry, to learn by
+narration.</i> pret. sg. (w. acc.) &thorn;ät fram hâm gefrägn Higelâces &thorn;egn
+Grendles dæda, <a href="#li194">194</a>; nô ic gefrägn heardran feohtan, <a href="#li575">575</a>; (w. acc. and inf.)
+&thorn;â ic wîde gefrägn weorc gebannan, <a href="#li74">74</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2485">2485</a>, <a href="#li2753">2753</a>, <a href="#li2774">2774</a>; ne
+gefrägen ic &thorn;â mæg&eth;e mâran weorode ymb hyra sincgyfan sêl gebæran, <i>I
+never heard that any people, richer in warriors, conducted itself better
+about its chief</i>, <a href="#li1012">1012</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1028">1028</a>; pret. pl. (w. acc.) we
+&thorn;eódcyninga &thorn;rym gefrunon, <a href="#li2">2</a>; (w. acc. and inf.) geongne gû&eth;cyning gôdne
+gefrunon hringas dælan, <a href="#li1970">1970</a>; (parenthetical) swâ guman gefrungon, <a href="#li667">667</a>,
+(after &thorn;onne) medo-ärn micel (<i>greater</i>) ... &thorn;one yldo bearn æfre
+gefrunon, <a href="#li70">70</a>; pret. part. häfde Higelâces hilde gefrunen, <a href="#li2953">2953</a>; häfdon
+gefrunen &thorn;ät..., <i>had learned that</i> ..., <a href="#li695">695</a>; häfde gefrunen hwanan
+sió fæh&eth; ârâs, <a href="#li2404">2404</a>; healsbeága mæst &thorn;âra &thorn;e ic on foldan gefrägen häbbe,
+<a href="#li1197">1197</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrom">from</a>, See <a class="glentry" href="#glfram">fram</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrôd">frôd</a>, adj.: 1) ætate provectus, <i>old, gray</i>: nom. sg. frôd,
+<a href="#li2626">2626</a>, <a href="#li2951">2951</a>; frôd cyning, <a href="#li1307">1307</a>, <a href="#li2210">2210</a>; frôd folces weard, <a href="#li2514">2514</a>; wintrum frôd,
+<a href="#li1725">1725</a>, <a href="#li2115">2115</a>, <a href="#li2278">2278</a>; se frôda, <a href="#li2929">2929</a>; ac. sg. frôde feorhlege (<i>the laying
+down of my old life</i>), <a href="#li2801">2801</a>; dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan (may also, from
+its meaning, belong under No. 2), <a href="#li2124">2124</a>.&mdash;2) mente excellentior,
+<i>intelligent, experienced, wise</i>: nom. sg. frôd, <a href="#li1367">1367</a>; frôd and gôd,
+<a href="#li279">279</a>; on môde frôd, <a href="#li1845">1845</a>.&mdash;Comp.: in-, un-frôd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrôfor">frôfor</a>, st. f., <i>consolation, compensation, help</i>: nom. sg.
+frôfor, <a href="#li2942">2942</a>; acc. sg. frôfre, <a href="#li7">7</a>, <a href="#li974">974</a>; fyrena frôfre, <a href="#li629">629</a>; frôfre and
+fultum, <a href="#li1274">1274</a>; frôfor and fultum, <a href="#li699">699</a>; dat. sg. tô frôfre, <a href="#li14">14</a>, <a href="#li1708">1708</a>; gen.
+sg. frôfre, <a href="#li185">185</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfruma">fruma</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glforma">forma</a>), w. m., <i>the foremost</i>, hence: l)
+<i>beginning</i>: nom. sg. wäs se fruma egeslîc leódum on lande, swâ
+hyt lungre wear&eth; on hyra sincgifan sâre geendod (<i>the beginning of
+the dragon-combat was terrible, its end distressing through the death
+of Beówulf</i>), <a href="#li2310">2310</a>.&mdash;2) <i>he who stands first, prince</i>; in
+comp. dæd-, hild-, land-, leód-, ord-, wîg-fruma.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrumcyn">frum-cyn</a>, st. n., (genus primitivum), <i>descent, origin</i>:
+acc. sg. nu ic eówer sceal frumcyn witan, <a href="#li252">252</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrumgâr">frum-gâr</a>, st. m., primipilus, <i>duke, prince</i>: dat. sg.
+frumgâre (of Beówulf), <a href="#li2857">2857</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfrumsceaft">frum-sceaft</a>, st. f., prima creatio, <i>beginning</i>: acc. sg.
+se &thorn;e cû&eth;e frumsceaft fira feorran reccan, <i>who could tell of the
+beginning of mankind in old times</i>, <a href="#li91">91</a>; dat. sg. frum-sceafte,
+<i>in the beginning</i>, i.e at his birth, <a href="#li45">45</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfugol">fugol</a>, st. m., <i>bird</i>: dat. sg. fugle gelîcost, <a href="#li218">218</a>; dat.
+pl. [fuglum] tô gamene, <a href="#li2942">2942</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glful">ful</a>, adj., <i>full, filled</i>: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. se wäs
+innan full wrätta and wîra, <a href="#li2413">2413</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eges-, sorh-, weor&eth;-ful.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glful">ful</a>, adv., plene, <i>very</i>: ful oft, <a href="#li480">480</a>; ful-oft, <a href="#li952">952</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glful">ful</a>, st. n., <i>cup, beaker</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1193">1193</a>; acc. sg. ful,
+<a href="#li616">616</a>, <a href="#li629">629</a>, <a href="#li1026">1026</a>; ofer ý&eth;a ful, <i>over the cup of the waves</i> (the
+basin of the sea filled with waves), <a href="#li1209">1209</a>; dat. sg. onfôh &thorn;issum
+fulle, <a href="#li1170">1170</a>.&mdash;Comp.: medo-, sele-full.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfullæstian">fullæstian</a>, w. v. w. dat, <i>to give help</i>: pres. sg. ic &thorn;e
+fullæstu, <a href="#li2669">2669</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfultum">fultum</a>, st. m., <i>help, support, protection</i>: acc. sg. frôfor
+(frôfre) and fultum, <a href="#li699">699</a>, <a href="#li1274">1274</a>; mägenes fultum, <a href="#li1836">1836</a>; on fultum,
+<a href="#li2663">2663</a>.&mdash;Comp. mägen-fultum.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfundian">fundian</a>, w. v., <i>to strive, to have in view</i>: pres. pl. we
+fundia&eth; Higelâc sêcan, <a href="#li1820">1820</a>; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, <a href="#li1138">1138</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfurthum">fur&eth;um</a>, adv., primo, <i>just, exactly; then first</i>: &thorn;â ic fur&eth;um
+weóld folce Deninga, <i>then first governed the people of the Danes</i>
+(had just assumed the government), <a href="#li465">465</a>; &thorn;â hie tô sele fur&eth;um ... gangan
+cwômon, <a href="#li323">323</a>; ic &thorn;ær fur&eth;um cwom tô &thorn;am hringsele, <a href="#li2010">2010</a>;&mdash;<i>before,
+previously</i>: ic &thorn;e sceal mîne gelæstan freóde, swâ wit fur&eth;um spræcon,
+<a href="#li1708">1708</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfurthur">fur&eth;ur</a>, adv., <i>further, forward, more distant</i>, <a href="#li254">254</a>, <a href="#li762">762</a>, <a href="#li3007">3007</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfûs">fûs</a>, adj., <i>inclined to, favorable, ready</i>: nom. sg. nu ic eom
+sî&eth;es fûs, <a href="#li1476">1476</a>; leófra manna fûs, <i>prepared for the dear men</i>, i.e.
+expecting them, <a href="#li1917">1917</a>; sigel sû&eth;an fûs, <i>the sun inclined from the
+south</i> (midday sun), <a href="#li1967">1967</a>; se wonna hrefn fûs ofer fægum, <i>eager over
+the slain</i>, <a href="#li3026">3026</a>; sceft ... fe&eth;er-gearwum fûs, <a href="#li3120">3120</a>; nom. pl. wæron ...
+eft to leódum fûse tô farenne, <a href="#li1806">1806</a>.&mdash;Sometimes fûs means <i>ready for
+death</i>, moribundus: fûs and fæge, <a href="#li1242">1242</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hin-, ût-fûs.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfûslîc">fûs-lîc</a>, adj., <i>prepared, ready</i>: acc. sg. fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leó&eth;,
+<a href="#li1425">1425</a>; fyrd-searo fûs-lîc, <a href="#li2619">2619</a>; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûs-lîcu, <a href="#li232">232</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyl">fyl</a>, st. m., <i>fall</i>: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, <i>the fall of
+the king</i> (in the dragon-fight), <a href="#li2913">2913</a>; dat. sg. &thorn;ät he on fylle
+wear&eth;, <i>that he came to a fall, fell</i>, <a href="#li1545">1545</a>.&mdash;Comp. hrâ-fyl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfylce">fylce</a> (collective form from <a class="glentry" href="#glfolc">folc</a>), st. n., <i>troop, band
+of warriors</i>: in comp. äl-fylce.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefyllan">fyllan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glfeal">feal</a>), w. v., <i>to fell, to slay in
+battle</i>: inf. fâne gefyllan, <i>to slay the enemy</i>, <a href="#li2656">2656</a>; pret.
+pl. feónd gefyldan, <i>they had slain the enemy</i>, <a href="#li2707">2707</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâfyllan">fyllan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glful">ful</a>), w. v., <i>to fill</i>: pret. part.
+Heorot innan wäs freóndum âfylled (<i>was filled with trusted
+men</i>), <a href="#li1019">1019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyllo">fyllo</a>, st. f. (<i>plenty, abundant meal</i>: dat. (instr.) sg.
+fylle gefrægnod, <a href="#li1334">1334</a>; gen. sg. näs hie &thorn;ære fylle gefeán häfdon, <a href="#li562">562</a>;
+fylle gefægon, <a href="#li1015">1015</a>.&mdash;Comp.: wäl-, wist-fyllo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfylwêrig">fyl-wêrig</a>, adj., <i>weary enough to fall, faint to death</i>,
+moribundus: acc. sg. fyl-wêrigne, <a href="#li963">963</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyr">fyr</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfeor">feor</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrian">fyrian</a>, w. v. w. acc. (= <a class="glentry" href="#glferian">ferian</a>) <i>to bear, to bring,
+carry</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;â &thorn;e gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon &thorn;yder tô &thorn;ance,
+<a href="#li378">378</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyras">fyras</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfiras">firas</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyren">fyren</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glfiren">firen</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrde">fyrde</a>, adj., <i>movable, that can be moved</i>.&mdash;Comp.
+hard-fyrde.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdgestealla">fyrd-gestealla</a>, w. m., <i>comrade on an expedition, companion in
+battle</i>: dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdham">fyrd-ham</a>, st. m., <i>war-dress, coat of mail</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one
+fyrd-hom, <a href="#li1505">1505</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdhrägl">fyrd-hrägl</a>, st. n., <i>coat of mail, war-dress</i>: acc. sg.
+fyrd-hrägl, <a href="#li1528">1528</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdhwät">fyrd-hwät</a>, adj., <i>sharp, good in war, warlike</i>: nom. pl.
+frome fyrd-hwate, <a href="#li1642">1642</a>, <a href="#li2477">2477</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdleóth">fyrd-leó&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>war-song, warlike music</i>: acc. sg. horn
+stundum song fûslîc f[yrd]leo&eth;, <a href="#li1425">1425</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdsearu">fyrd-searu</a>, st. n., <i>equipment for an expedition</i>: acc. sg.
+fyrd-searu fûslîc, <a href="#li2619">2619</a>; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûslîcu, <a href="#li232">232</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrdwyrthe">fyrd-wyr&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>of worth in war, excellent in battle</i>:
+nom. sg. fyrd-wyr&eth;e man (Beówulf), <a href="#li1317">1317</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefyrthran">fyr&eth;ran</a> (see for&eth;), w. v., <i>to bring forward, to
+further</i>: pret. part. âr wäs on ôfoste, eftsî&eth;es georn, frätwum
+gefyr&eth;red, <i>he was hurried forward by the treasure</i> (i.e. after
+he had gathered up the treasure, he hasted to return, so as to be able
+to show it to the mortally-wounded Beówulf), <a href="#li2785">2785</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrmest">fyrmest</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glforma">forma</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrndagas">fyrn-dagas</a>, st. m. pl., <i>by-gone days</i>: dat. pl. fyrndagum
+(<i>in old times</i>), <a href="#li1452">1452</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrngeweorc">fyrn-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>work, something done in old times</i>:
+acc. sg. fira fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in <a href="#li2283">2283</a>, <a href="#li2287">2287</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrngewin">fyrn-gewin</a>, st. n., <i>combat in ancient times</i>: gen. sg. ôr
+fyrn-gewinnes (<i>the origin of the battles of the giants</i>), <a href="#li1690">1690</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrnman">fyrn-man</a>, st. m., <i>man of ancient times</i>: gen. pl.
+fyrn-manna fatu, <a href="#li2762">2762</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrnwita">fyrn-wita</a>, w. m., <i>counsellor ever since ancient times,
+adviser for many years</i>: dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan, of Äschere,
+<a href="#li2124">2124</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrst">fyrst</a>, st. m., <i>portion of time, definite time, time</i>:
+nom. sg. näs hit lengra fyrst, ac ymb âne niht ..., <a href="#li134">134</a>; fyrst for&eth;
+gewât, <i>the time</i> (of going to the harbor) <i>was past</i>, <a href="#li210">210</a>;
+näs &thorn;ær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, <a href="#li2556">2556</a>; acc. sg. niht-longne
+fyrst, <a href="#li528">528</a>; fîf nihta fyrst, <a href="#li545">545</a>; instr. sg. &thorn;ý fyrste, <a href="#li2574">2574</a>; dat. sg.
+him on fyrste gelomp ..., <i>within the fixed time</i>, <a href="#li76">76</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfyrwit">fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt</a>, st. n., <i>prying spirit, curiosity</i>:
+nom. sg. fyrwyt, <a href="#li232">232</a>; fyrwet, <a href="#li1986">1986</a>, <a href="#li2785">2785</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgefýsan">fýsan</a> (<b>fûs</b>), w. v., <i>to make ready, to prepare</i>:
+part. winde gefýsed flota, <i>the ship provided with wind</i> (for the
+voyage), <a href="#li217">217</a>; (wyrm) fýre gefýsed, <i>provided with fire</i>, <a href="#li2310">2310</a>; &thorn;â
+wäs hringbogan (of the drake) heorte gefýsed säcce tô sêceanne, <a href="#li2562">2562</a>;
+with gen., in answer to the question, for what? gû&eth;e gefýsed, <i>ready
+for battle, determined to fight</i>, <a href="#li631">631</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýr">fýr</a>, st. n., <i>fire</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1367">1367</a>, <a href="#li2702">2702</a>, <a href="#li2882">2882</a>; dat. sg. fýre, <a href="#li2220">2220</a>;
+as instr. fýre, <a href="#li2275">2275</a>, <a href="#li2596">2596</a>; gen. sg. fýres fä&eth;m, <a href="#li185">185</a>; fýres feng, <a href="#li1765">1765</a>.&mdash;
+Comp.: âd-, bæl-, hea&eth;u-, wäl-fýr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýrbend">fýr-bend</a>, st. m., <i>band forged in fire</i>: dat. pl. duru ...
+fýr-bendum fäst, <a href="#li723">723</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýrdraca">fýr-draca</a>, w. m., <i>fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2690">2690</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýrheard">fýr-heard</a>, adj., <i>hard through fire, hardened in fire</i>: nom.
+pl. (eoforlîc) fâh and fýr-heard, <a href="#li305">305</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýrleóht">fýr-leóht</a>, st. n., <i>fire-light</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1517">1517</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýrwylm">fýr-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>wave of fire, flame-wave</i>: dat. pl. wyrm ...
+fýrwylmum fâh, <a href="#li2672">2672</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossG">G</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgalan">galan</a>, st. v., <i>to sing, to sound</i>: pres. sg. sorh-leó&eth; gäle&eth;,
+<a href="#li2461">2461</a>; inf. gryre-leó&eth; galan, <a href="#li787">787</a>; bearhtm ongeâton, gû&eth;horn galan, <i>heard
+the clang, the battle-trumpet sound</i>, <a href="#li1433">1433</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-galan, <i>to sing, to sound</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät hire on hafelan hringmæl
+âgôl grædig gû&eth;leó&eth;, <i>that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound
+upon her head</i>, <a href="#li1522">1522</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgamban">gamban</a>, or, according to Bout., <b>gambe</b>, w. f., <i>tribute,
+interest</i>: acc. sg. gomban gyldan, <a href="#li11">11</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgamen">gamen</a>, st. n., <i>social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings</i>:
+nom. sg. gamen, <a href="#li1161">1161</a>; gomen, <a href="#li2460">2460</a>; gomen gleóbeámes, <i>the pleasure of the
+harp</i>, <a href="#li2264">2264</a>; acc. sg. gamen and gleódreám, <a href="#li3022">3022</a>; dat. sg. gamene, <a href="#li2942">2942</a>;
+gomene, <a href="#li1776">1776</a>.&mdash;Comp. heal-gamen.</p>
+
+<p>gamen-wâ&eth;, st. f., <i>way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
+society</i>: dat. sg. of gomen-wâ&eth;e, <a href="#li855">855</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgamenwudu">gamen-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>wood of social enjoyment</i>, i.e. harp:
+nom. sg. &thorn;ær wäs ... gomenwudu grêted, <a href="#li1066">1066</a>; acc. sg. gomenwudu grêtte,
+<a href="#li2109">2109</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgamol">gamol, gomol, gomel</a>, adj., <i>old</i>; of persons, <i>having
+lived many years, gray</i>: gamol, <a href="#li58">58</a>, <a href="#li265">265</a>; gomol, <a href="#li3096">3096</a>; gomel, <a href="#li2113">2113</a>,
+<a href="#li2794">2794</a>; se gomela, <a href="#li1398">1398</a>; gamela (gomela) Scylding, <a href="#li1793">1793</a>, <a href="#li2106">2106</a>; gomela,
+<a href="#li2932">2932</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one gomelan, <a href="#li2422">2422</a>; dat. sg. gamelum rince, <a href="#li1678">1678</a>;
+gomelum ceorle, <a href="#li2445">2445</a>; &thorn;am gomelan, <a href="#li2818">2818</a>; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele,
+<a href="#li1596">1596</a>.&mdash;Also, <i>late, belonging to former time</i>: gen. pl. gomelra
+lâfe (<i>legacy</i>), <a href="#li2037">2037</a>.&mdash;Of things, <i>old, from old times</i>:
+nom. sg. sweord ... gomol, <a href="#li2683">2683</a>; acc. sg. gomele lâfe, <a href="#li2564">2564</a>; gomel
+swyrd, <a href="#li2611">2611</a>; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgamolfeax">gamol-feax</a>, adj., <i>with gray hair</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li609">609</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgang">gang</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>gait, way</i>: dat. sg. on gange, <a href="#li1885">1885</a>;
+gen. sg. ic hine ne mihte ... ganges ge-twæman, <i>could not keep him
+from going</i>, <a href="#li969">969</a>.&mdash;2) <i>step, foot-step</i>: nom. sg. gang (the
+foot-print of the mother of Grendel), <a href="#li1405">1405</a>; acc. sg. uton hra&eth;e fêran
+Grendles mâgan gang sceáwigan, <a href="#li1392">1392</a>.&mdash;Comp. in-gang.</p>
+
+<p>be-gang, bi-gang, st. m., (<i>so far as something goes</i>), <i>extent</i>:
+acc. sg. ofer geofenes begang, <i>over the extent of the sea</i>, <a href="#li362">362</a>; ofer
+flôda begang, <a href="#li1827">1827</a>; under swegles begong, <a href="#li861">861</a>, <a href="#li1774">1774</a>; flôda begong, <a href="#li1498">1498</a>;
+siole&eth;a bigong, <a href="#li2368">2368</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgangan">gangan</a>. See under <a class="glentry" href="#glgân">gân</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glganot">ganot</a>, st. m., <i>diver</i>, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes
+bä&eth; (i.e. the sea), <a href="#li1862">1862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgâd">gâd</a>, st. n., <i>lack</i>: nom. sg. ne bi&eth; &thorn;e wilna gâd (<i>thou
+shalt have no lack of desirable</i> [valuable] <i>things</i>), <a href="#li661">661</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li950">950</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgân">gân</a>, <i>expanded</i> = <b>gangan</b>, st. v., <i>to go</i>: pres.
+sg. III. gæ&eth; â Wyrd swâ hió scel, <a href="#li455">455</a>; gæ&eth; eft ... tô medo, <a href="#li605">605</a>; &thorn;onne he ...
+on flett gæ&eth;, <a href="#li2035">2035</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2055">2055</a>; pres. subj. III. sg. gâ &thorn;ær he wille,
+<i>let him go whither he will</i>, <a href="#li1395">1395</a>; imp. sg. II. gâ nu tô setle, <a href="#li1783">1783</a>;
+nu &thorn;u lungre geong, hord sceáwian, under hârne stân, <a href="#li2744">2744</a>; inf. in gân,
+<i>to go in</i>, <a href="#li386">386</a>, <a href="#li1645">1645</a> 'for&eth; gân, <i>to go forth, to go thither</i>,
+<a href="#li1164">1164</a>; &thorn;at hie him tô mihton gegnum gangan, <i>to go towards, to go to</i>,
+<a href="#li314">314</a>; tô sele ... gangan cwômon, <a href="#li324">324</a>; in a similar construction, gongan,
+<a href="#li1643">1643</a>; nu ge môton gangan ... Hrô&eth;gâr geseón, <a href="#li395">395</a>; &thorn;â com of môre ... Grendel
+gongan, <i>there came Grendel (going) from the fen</i>, <a href="#li712">712</a>; ongeán gramum
+gangan, <i>to go to meet the enemy, to go to the war</i>, <a href="#li1035">1035</a>; cwom ... tô
+hofe gongan, <a href="#li1975">1975</a>; wutun gangan tô, <i>let us go thither</i>, <a href="#li2649">2649</a>.&mdash;As
+preterite, serve, 1) geóng or gióng: he tô healle geóng, <a href="#li926">926</a>; similarly,
+<a href="#li2019">2019</a>; se &thorn;e on orde geóng, <i>who went at the head, went in front,
+</i><a href="#li3126">3126</a>; on innan gióng, <i>went in</i>, <a href="#li2215">2215</a>; he ... gióng tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e he
+eor&eth;sele ânne wisse, <i>went thither, where he knew of that earth-hall,
+</i><a href="#li2410">2410</a>; &thorn;â se ä&eth;eling, gióng, &thorn;ät he bî wealle gesät, <i>then went the
+prince</i> (Beówulf) <i>that he might sit down by the wall</i>, <a href="#li2716">2716</a>.&mdash;2)
+gang: tô healle gang Healfdenes sunu, <a href="#li1010">1010</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1296">1296</a>; gang &thorn;â äfter
+flôre, <i>went along the floor, along the hall</i>, <a href="#li1317">1317</a>.&mdash;3) gengde (Goth.
+gaggida): he ... beforan gengde ..., wong sceáwian, <i>went in front to
+inspect the fields</i>, <a href="#li1413">1413</a>; gengde, also of riding, <a href="#li1402">1402</a>.&mdash;4) from
+another stem, eode (Goth. iddja): eode ellenrôf, &thorn;ät he for eaxlum gestôd
+Deniga freán, <a href="#li358">358</a>; similarly, <a href="#li403">403</a>; [wi&eth; duru healle Wulfgâr eode], <i>went
+towards the door of the hall</i>, <a href="#li390">390</a>; eode Wealh&thorn;eów for&eth;, <i>went
+forth</i>, <a href="#li613">613</a>; eode tô hire freán sittan, <a href="#li641">641</a>; eode yrremôd, <i>went with
+angry feeling</i>, <a href="#li727">727</a>; eode ... tô sele, <a href="#li919">919</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1233">1233</a>; eode ...
+&thorn;ær se snottra bâd, <a href="#li1313">1313</a>; eode weor&eth; Denum ä&eth;eling tô yppan, <i>the
+prince</i> (Beówulf), <i>honored by the Danes, went to the high seat</i>,
+<a href="#li1815">1815</a>; eode ... under inwit-hrôf, <a href="#li3124">3124</a>; pl. &thorn;ær swî&eth;ferh&eth;e sittan eodon,
+<a href="#li493">493</a>; eodon him &thorn;â tôgeánes, <i>went to meet him</i>, <a href="#li1627">1627</a>; eodon under
+Earna näs, <a href="#li3032">3032</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-gangan, <i>to go out, to go forth, to befall</i>: pret. part. swâ
+bit âgangen wear&eth; eorla manegum (<i>as it befell many a one of the
+earls</i>), <a href="#li1235">1235</a>.</p>
+
+<p>full-gangan, <i>to emulate, to follow after</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;onne ...
+sceft nytte heóld, fe&eth;er-gearwum fûs flâne full-eode, <i>when the
+shaft had employment, furnished with feathers it followed the arrow,
+did as the arrow</i>, <a href="#li3120">3120</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-gân, ge-gangan: 1) <i>to go, to approach</i>: inf. (w. acc.) his
+môdor ... gegân wolde sorhfulne sî&eth;, <a href="#li1278">1278</a>; se &thorn;e gryre-sî&eth;as gegân
+dorste, <i>who dared to go the ways of terror</i> (to go into the
+combat), <a href="#li1463">1463</a>; pret. sg. se maga geonga under his mæges scyld elne
+geeode, <i>went quickly under his kinsman's shield</i>, <a href="#li2677">2677</a>; pl. elne
+geeodon tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e ..., <i>went quickly thither where</i> ..., <a href="#li1968">1968</a>;
+pret. part. sy&eth;&eth;an hie tô-gädre gegân häfdon, <i>when they</i> (Wîglâf
+and the drake) <i>had come together</i>, <a href="#li2631">2631</a>; &thorn;ät his aldres wäs ende
+gegongen, <i>that the end of his life had come</i>, <a href="#li823">823</a>; &thorn;â wäs
+endedäg gôdum gegongen, &thorn;ät se gû&eth;cyning ... swealt, <a href="#li3037">3037</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+obtain, to reach</i>: inf. (w. acc.) &thorn;onne he ät gû&eth;e gegân &thorn;ence&eth;
+longsumne lof, <a href="#li1536">1536</a>; ic mid elne sceall gold gegangan, <a href="#li2537">2537</a>; gerund,
+näs &thorn;ät ý&eth;e ceáp tô gegangenne gumena ænigum, <a href="#li2417">2417</a>; pret. pl. elne
+geeodon ... &thorn;ät se byrnwîga bûgan sceolde, <a href="#li2918">2918</a>; pret. part. häfde ...
+gegongen &thorn;ät, <i>had attained it, that</i> ..., <a href="#li894">894</a>; hord ys
+gesceáwod, grimme gegongen, <a href="#li3086">3086</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to occur, to happen</i>:
+pres. sg. III. gif &thorn;ät gegange&eth; &thorn;ät ..., <i>if that happen, that</i>
+..., <a href="#li1847">1847</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ät geiode ufaran dôgrum hilde-hlämmum, <i>it
+happened in later times to the warriors</i> (the Geátas), <a href="#li2201">2201</a>; pret.
+part. &thorn;â wäs gegongen guman unfrôdum earfo&eth;lîce &thorn;ät, <i>then it had
+happened to the young man in sorrowful wise that</i> ..., <a href="#li2822">2822</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ô&eth;-gangan, <i>to-go thither</i>: pret. pl. o&eth; &thorn;ät hi ô&eth;eodon ... in
+Hrefnesholt, <a href="#li2935">2935</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-gangan, w. acc., <i>to go over</i>: pret. sg. ofereode &thorn;â
+ä&eth;elinga bearn steáp stân-hli&eth;o, <i>went over steep, rocky
+precipices</i>, <a href="#li1409">1409</a>; pl. freo&eth;o-wong &thorn;one for&eth; ofereodon, <a href="#li2960">2960</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymb-gangan, w. acc., <i>to go around</i>: pret. ymb-eode &thorn;â ides
+Helminga dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e dæl æghwylcne, <i>went around in every
+part, among the superior and the inferior warriors</i>, <a href="#li621">621</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgâr">gâr</a>, st. m., <i>spear, javelin, missile</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1847">1847</a>, <a href="#li3022">3022</a>;
+instr. sg. gâre, <a href="#li1076">1076</a>; blôdigan gâre, <a href="#li2441">2441</a>; gen. sg. gâres fliht, <a href="#li1766">1766</a>;
+nom. pl. gâras, <a href="#li328">328</a>; gen. pl., 161(?).&mdash;Comp.: bon-, frum-gâr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârcêne">gâr-cêne</a>, adj., <i>spear-bold</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1959">1959</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârcwealm">gâr-cwealm</a>, st. m., <i>murder, death by the spear</i>: acc. sg.
+gâr-cwealm gumena, <a href="#li2044">2044</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârholt">gâr-holt</a>, st. n., <i>forest of spears</i>, i.e. crowd of
+spears: acc. sg., <a href="#li1835">1835</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârsecg">gâr-secg</a>, st. m. (cf. Grimm, in Haupt l. 578), <i>sea,
+ocean</i>: acc. sg. on gâr-secg, <a href="#li49">49</a>, <a href="#li537">537</a>; ofer gâr-secg, <a href="#li515">515</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârwîga">gâr-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>one who fights with the spear</i>: dat. sg.
+geongum gâr-wîgan, of Wîglâf, <a href="#li2675">2675</a>, <a href="#li2812">2812</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgârwîgend">gâr-wîgend</a>, pres. part., <i>fighting with spear,
+spear-fighter</i>: acc. pl. gâr-wîgend, <a href="#li2642">2642</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgâst">gâst, gæst</a>, st. m., <i>ghost, demon</i>: acc. sg. helle gâst
+(Grendel), <a href="#li1275">1275</a>; gen. sg. wergan gâstes (of Grendel), <a href="#li133">133</a>; (of the
+tempter), <a href="#li1748">1748</a>; gen. pl. dyrnra gâsta (Grendel's race), <a href="#li1358">1358</a>; gæsta gîfrost
+(<i>flames consuming corpses</i>), <a href="#li1124">1124</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ellor-, geó-sceaft-gâst;
+ellen-, wäl-gæst.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgâstbana">gâst-bana</a>, w. m., <i>slayer of the spirit</i>, i.e. the devil:
+nom. sg. gâst-bona, <a href="#li177">177</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgädeling">gädeling</a>, st. m., <i>he who is connected with another,
+relation, companion</i>: gen. sg. gädelinges, <a href="#li2618">2618</a>; dat. pl. mid his
+gädelingum, <a href="#li2950">2950</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-<a class="glentry" name="glätgädere">gädere</a>, adv., <i>together, united</i>: <a href="#li321">321</a>, <a href="#li1165">1165</a>, <a href="#li1191">1191</a>; samod
+ätgädere, <a href="#li329">329</a>, <a href="#li387">387</a>, <a href="#li730">730</a>, <a href="#li1064">1064</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-gadere, adv., <i>together</i>, <a href="#li2631">2631</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgäst">gäst, gist, gyst</a>, st. m., <i>stranger, guest</i>: nom. sg. gäst,
+<a href="#li1801">1801</a>; se gäst (the drake), <a href="#li2313">2313</a>; se grimma gäst (Grendel), <a href="#li102">102</a>; gist, <a href="#li1139">1139</a>,
+<a href="#li1523">1523</a>; acc. sg. gryre-lîcne gist (the nixy slain by Beówulf), <a href="#li1442">1442</a>; dat. sg.
+gyste, <a href="#li2229">2229</a>; nom. pl. gistas, <a href="#li1603">1603</a>; acc. pl. gäs[tas], <a href="#li1894">1894</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fê&eth;e-,
+gryre-, inwit-, nî&eth;-, sele-gäst (-gyst).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgästsele">gäst-sele</a>, st. m., <i>hall in which the guests spend their time,
+guest-hall</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li995">995</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glge">ge</a>, conj., <i>and</i>, <a href="#li1341">1341</a>; ge ... ge ..., <i>as well ... as
+...</i>, <a href="#li1865">1865</a>; ge ... ge ..., ge ..., <a href="#li1249">1249</a>; ge swylce, <i>and
+likewise, and moreover</i>, <a href="#li2259">2259</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glge">ge</a>, pron., <i>ye, you</i>, plur. of &thorn;u, <a href="#li237">237</a>, <a href="#li245">245</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgegncwide">gegn-cwide</a>, st. m., <i>reply</i>: gen. pl. &thorn;înra gegn-cwida,
+<a href="#li367">367</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgegnum">gegnum</a>, adv., <i>thither, towards, away</i>, with the prep, tô,
+ofer, giving the direction: &thorn;ät hie him tô mihton gegnum gangan
+(<i>that they might go thither</i>), <a href="#li314">314</a>; gegnum fôr [&thorn;â] ofer myrcan
+môr, <i>away over the dark moor</i>, <a href="#li1405">1405</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgehthu">geh&eth;u, geoh&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>sorrow, care</i>: instr. sg. gioh&eth;o
+mænde, <a href="#li2268">2268</a>; dat. sg. on geh&eth;o, <a href="#li3096">3096</a>; on gioh&eth;e, <a href="#li2794">2794</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgen">gen</a> (from <b>gegn</b>), adv., <i>yet, again</i>. ne wäs hit lenge &thorn;â
+gen, &thorn;ät ..., <i>it was not then long before</i> ..., <a href="#li83">83</a>; ic sceal for&eth;
+sprecan gen ymb Grendel, <i>shall from now on speak again of Grendel</i>,
+<a href="#li2071">2071</a>; nô &thorn;ý ær ût &thorn;â gen ... gongan wolde (<i>still he would not yet go
+out</i>), <a href="#li2082">2082</a>; gen is eall ät &thorn;e lissa gelong (<i>yet all my favor belongs
+to thee</i>), <a href="#li2150">2150</a>; &thorn;â gen, <i>then again</i>, <a href="#li2678">2678</a>, <a href="#li2703">2703</a>; swâ he nu gen
+dê&eth;, <i>as he still does</i>, <a href="#li2860">2860</a>; fur&eth;ur gen, <i>further still,
+besides</i>, <a href="#li3007">3007</a>; nu gen, <i>now again</i>, <a href="#li3169">3169</a>; ne gen, <i>no more, no
+farther</i>: ne wäs &thorn;ät wyrd &thorn;â gen, <i>that was no more fate</i> (fate no
+longer willed that), <a href="#li735">735</a>.</p>
+
+<p>gena, <i>still</i>: cwico wäs &thorn;â gena, <i>was still living</i>, <a href="#li3094">3094</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgenga">genga</a>, w. m., <i>goer</i>; in comp. in-, sæ-, sceadu-genga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgengde">gengde</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgân">gân</a>(3).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgenge">genge</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glûthgenge">û&eth;-genge</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgenunga">genunga</a> (from <b>gegnunga</b>), adv., <i>precisely,
+completely</i>, <a href="#li2872">2872</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgerwan">gerwan, gyrwan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to prepare, to make ready, to put
+in condition</i>: pret. pl. gestsele gyredon, <a href="#li995">995</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to equip, to
+arm for battle</i>: pret. sg. gyrede hine Beówulf eorl-gewædum
+(<i>dressed himself in the armor</i>), <a href="#li1442">1442</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-gyrwan: 1) <i>to make, to prepare</i>: pret. pl. him &thorn;â gegiredan
+Geáta leóde âd ... unwâclîcne, <a href="#li3138">3138</a>; pret. part. glôf ... eall
+gegyrwed deófles cräftum and dracan fellum, <a href="#li2088">2088</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to fit out,
+to make ready</i>: inf. ceól gegyrwan hilde-wæpnum and hea&eth;owædum, <a href="#li38">38</a>;
+hêt him ý&eth;lidan gôdne gegyrwan, <i>had (his) good ship fitted up for
+him</i>, <a href="#li199">199</a>. Also, <i>to provide warlike equipment</i>: pret. part.
+sy&eth;&eth;an he hine tô gû&eth;e gegyred häfde, <a href="#li1473">1473</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to endow, to
+provide, to adorn</i>: pret. part. nom. sg. beado-hrägl ... golde
+gegyrwed, <a href="#li553">553</a>; acc. sg. lâfe ... golde gegyrede, <a href="#li2193">2193</a>; acc. pl. mâdmas
+... golde gegyrede, <a href="#li1029">1029</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgetan">getan</a>, w. v., <i>to injure, to slay</i>: inf., <a href="#li2941">2941</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbegête">gête</a>, adj., <i>attainable</i>; in comp. ê&eth;-begête.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeador">geador</a>, adv., <i>unitedly, together, jointly</i>, <a href="#li836">836</a>; geador
+ätsomne, <a href="#li491">491</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-geador, adv., <i>unitedly, together</i>, <a href="#li1596">1596</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgealdor">gealdor</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>sound</i>: acc. sg. býman gealdor,
+<a href="#li2944">2944</a>.&mdash;2) <i>magic song, incantation, spell</i>: instr. sg. &thorn;onne wäs
+&thorn;ät yrfe ... galdre bewunden (<i>placed under a spell</i>), <a href="#li3053">3053</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgealga">gealga</a>, w. m., <i>gallows</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;ät his byre rîde giong
+on galgan, <a href="#li2447">2447</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgealgmôd">gealg-môd</a>, adj., <i>gloomy</i>: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd,
+<a href="#li1278">1278</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgealgtreów">gealg-treów</a>, st. n., <i>gallows</i>: dat. pl. on
+galg-treówu[m], <a href="#li2941">2941</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeard">geard</a>, st. m., <i>residence</i>; in Beówulf corresponding to
+the house-complex of a prince's residence, used only in the plur.:
+acc. in geardas (<i>in Finn's castle</i>), <a href="#li1135">1135</a>; dat. in geardum, <a href="#li13">13</a>,
+<a href="#li2460">2460</a>; of geardum, <a href="#li1139">1139</a>; ær he on weg hwurfe ... of geardum, <i>before
+he went away from his dwelling-place</i>, i.e. died, <a href="#li265">265</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+middan-geard.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgearo">gearo</a>, adj., properly, <i>made, prepared</i>; hence, <i>ready,
+finished, equipped</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;ät hit wear&eth; eal gearo, heal-ärna mæst,
+<a href="#li77">77</a>; wiht unhælo ... gearo sôna wäs, <i>the demon of destruction was quickly
+ready, did not delay long</i>, <a href="#li121">121</a>; Here-Scyldinga betst beadorinca wäs on
+bæl gearu, <i>was ready for the funeral-pile</i> (for the solemn burning),
+<a href="#li1110">1110</a>; &thorn;eód (is) eal gearo, <i>the warriors are altogether ready, always
+prepared</i>, <a href="#li1231">1231</a>; hra&eth;e wäs ät holme hý&eth;-weard gearo (geara, MS.), <a href="#li1915">1915</a>;
+gearo gû&eth;-freca, <a href="#li2415">2415</a>; sîe sió bær gearo ädre geäfned, <i>let the bier be
+made ready at once</i>, <a href="#li3106">3106</a>. With gen.: gearo gyrnwräce, <i>ready for
+revenge for harm done</i>, <a href="#li2119">2119</a>, acc. sg. gearwe stôwe, <a href="#li1007">1007</a>; nom.
+pl. beornas gearwe, <a href="#li211">211</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1814">1814</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgearwe">gearwe, gearo, geare</a>, adv., <i>completely, entirely</i>: ne ge
+... gearwe ne wisson, <i>you do not know at all</i> ..., <a href="#li246">246</a>;
+similarly, <a href="#li879">879</a>; hine gearwe geman witena welhwyle (<i>remembers him
+very well</i>), <a href="#li265">265</a>; wisse he gearwe &thorn;ät ..., <i>he knew very well
+that</i> ..., <a href="#li2340">2340</a>, <a href="#li2726">2726</a>; &thorn;ät ic ... gearo sceáwige swegle searogimmas
+(<i>that I may see the treasures altogether, as many as they are</i>),
+<a href="#li2749">2749</a>; ic wât geare &thorn;ät ..., <a href="#li2657">2657</a>.&mdash;Comp. gearwor, <i>more readily,
+rather</i>, <a href="#li3077">3077</a>.&mdash;Superl. gearwost, <a href="#li716">716</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgearofolm">gearo-folm</a>, adj., <i>with ready hand</i>, <a href="#li2086">2086</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgearwe">gearwe</a>, st. f., <i>equipment, dress</i>; in comp. fe&eth;er-gearwe.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeat">geat</a>, st. n., <i>opening, door</i>; in comp. ben-, hilde-geat.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeatolîc">geato-lîc</a>, adj., <i>well prepared, handsome, splendid</i>: of
+sword and armor, <a href="#li215">215</a>, <a href="#li1563">1563</a>, <a href="#li2155">2155</a>; of Heorot, <a href="#li308">308</a>. Adv.: wîsa fengel
+geatolîc gengde, <i>passed on in a stately manner</i>, <a href="#li1402">1402</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeatwe">geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>equipment, adornment</i>: acc. recedes
+geatwa, <i>the ornaments of the dragon's cave</i> (its treasures),
+<a href="#li3089">3089</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eóred-, gryre-, gû&eth;-, hilde-, wîg-geatwe.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeán">geán</a> (from <b>gegn</b>), adv. in</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glongeán">on-geán</a>, adv. and prep., <i>against, towards</i>: &thorn;ät he me
+ongeán sleá, <a href="#li682">682</a>; ræhte ongeán feónd mid folme, <a href="#li748">748</a>; foran ongeán,
+<i>forward towards</i>, <a href="#li2365">2365</a>. With dat.: ongeán gramum, <i>against the
+enemy</i>, <a href="#li1035">1035</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltôgeánes">tô-geánes, tô-genes</a>, prep, <i>against, towards</i>: Grendle
+tôgeánes, <i>towards Grendel, against Grendel</i>, <a href="#li667">667</a>; grâp &thorn;â
+tôgeánes, <i>she grasped at</i> (Beówulf), <a href="#li1502">1502</a>; similarly, him
+tôgeánes fêng, <a href="#li1543">1543</a>; eodon him &thorn;â tôgeánes, <i>went towards him</i>,
+<a href="#li1627">1627</a>; hêt &thorn;â gebeódan ... &thorn;ät hie bæl-wudu feorran feredon gôdum
+tôgênes, <i>had it ordered that they should bring the wood from far
+for the funeral-pyre towards the good man</i> (i.e. to the place where
+the dead Beówulf lay), <a href="#li3115">3115</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeáp">geáp</a>, adj., <i>roomy, extensive, wide</i>: nom. sg. reced ...
+geáp, <i>the roomy hall</i>, <a href="#li1801">1801</a>; acc. sg. under geápne hrôf,
+<a href="#li837">837</a>.&mdash;Comp.: horn-, sæ-geáp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeâr">geâr</a>, st. n., <i>year</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1135">1135</a>; gen. pl. geâra, in
+adverbial sense, olim, <i>in former times</i>, <a href="#li2665">2665</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glungeâra">un-geâra</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeârdagas">geâr-dagas</a>, st. m. pl., <i>former days</i>: dat. pl. in (on)
+geâr-dagum, <a href="#li1">1</a>, <a href="#li1355">1355</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeofe">geofe</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgifu">gifu</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeofon">geofon, gifen, gyfen</a> (see Kuhn Zeitschr. I. 137), st. n.,
+<i>sea, flood</i>: nom. sg. geofon, <a href="#li515">515</a>; gifen geótende, <i>the
+streaming flood</i>, <a href="#li1691">1691</a>; gen. sg. geofenes begang, <a href="#li362">362</a>; gyfenes,
+<a href="#li1395">1395</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeogoth">geogo&eth;</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>youth, time of youth</i>: dat. sg. on
+geogo&eth;e, <a href="#li409">409</a>, <a href="#li466">466</a>, <a href="#li2513">2513</a>; on giogo&eth;e, <a href="#li2427">2427</a>; gen. giogu&eth;e, <a href="#li2113">2113</a>.&mdash;2)
+contrasted with dugu&eth;, <i>the younger warriors of lower rank</i>
+(about as in the Middle Ages, the squires with the knights): nom. sg.
+geogo&eth;, <a href="#li66">66</a>; giogo&eth;, <a href="#li1191">1191</a>; acc. sg. geogo&eth;e, <a href="#li1182">1182</a>; gen. dugu&eth;e and
+geogo&eth;e, <a href="#li160">160</a>; dugu&eth;e and iogo&eth;e (geogo&eth;e), <a href="#li1675">1675</a>, <a href="#li622">622</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeoguthfeorh">geogu&eth;-feorh</a>, st. n., <i>age of youth</i>, i.e. age in which
+one still belongs in the ranks of the geogo&eth;: on geogo&eth;- (geogu&eth;-)
+feore, <a href="#li537">537</a>, <a href="#li2665">2665</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeohtho">geoh&eth;o</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgehtho">geh&eth;o</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeolo">geolo</a>, adj., <i>yellow</i>: acc. sg. geolwe linde (<i>the
+shield of yellow linden bark</i>), <a href="#li2611">2611</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeolorand">geolo-rand</a>, st. m., <i>yellow shield</i> (shield with a
+covering of interlaced yellow linden bark): acc. sg., <a href="#li438">438</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeond">geond</a>, prep. w. acc., <i>through, throughout, along, over</i>:
+geond &thorn;isne middangeard, <i>through the earth, over the earth</i>, <a href="#li75">75</a>;
+wide geond eor&eth;an, <a href="#li266">266</a>, <a href="#li3100">3100</a>; fêrdon folctogan ... geond wîd-wegas,
+<i>went along the ways coming from afar</i>, <a href="#li841">841</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1705">1705</a>;
+geond &thorn;ät säld, <i>through the hall, through the extent of the
+hall</i>, <a href="#li1281">1281</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1982">1982</a>, <a href="#li2265">2265</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeong">geong</a>, adj., <i>young, youthful</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li13">13</a>, <a href="#li20">20</a>, <a href="#li855">855</a>,
+etc.; giong, <a href="#li2447">2447</a>; w. m. se maga geonga, <a href="#li2676">2676</a>; acc. sg. geongne
+gû&eth;cyning, <a href="#li1970">1970</a>; dat. sg. geongum, <a href="#li1949">1949</a>, <a href="#li2045">2045</a>, <a href="#li2675">2675</a>, etc.; on swâ
+geongum feore, <i>at a so youthful age</i>, <a href="#li1844">1844</a>; geongan cempan,
+<a href="#li2627">2627</a>; acc. pl. geonge, <a href="#li2019">2019</a>; dat. pl. geongum and ealdum, <a href="#li72">72</a>.&mdash;Superl.
+gingest, <i>the last</i>: nom. sg. w. f. gingeste word, <a href="#li2818">2818</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeorn">georn</a>, adj., <i>striving, eager</i>, w. gen. of the thing
+striven for: eft sî&eth;es georn, <a href="#li2784">2784</a>.&mdash;Comp. lof-georn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeorne">georne</a>, adv., <i>readily, willingly</i>: &thorn;ät him wine-mâgas
+georne hýrdon, <a href="#li66">66</a>; georne trûwode, <a href="#li670">670</a>.&mdash;<i>zealously, eagerly</i>:
+sôhte georne äfter grunde, <i>eagerly searched over the ground</i>,
+<a href="#li2295">2295</a>.&mdash;<i>carefully, industriously</i>: nô ic him &thorn;äs georne ätfealh
+(<i>held him not fast enough</i>), <a href="#li969">969</a>.&mdash;<i>completely, exactly</i>:
+comp. wiste &thorn;ê geornor, <a href="#li822">822</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeó">geó, iú</a>, adv., <i>once, formerly, earlier</i>, <a href="#li1477">1477</a>; gió, <a href="#li2522">2522</a>;
+iú, <a href="#li2460">2460</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeóc">geóc</a>, st. f., <i>help, support</i>: acc. sg. geóce gefremman,
+<a href="#li2675">2675</a>; &thorn;ät him gâst-bona geóce gefremede wi&eth; &thorn;eód-&thorn;reáum, <a href="#li177">177</a>; geóce
+gelýfde, <i>believed in the help</i> (of Beówulf), <a href="#li609">609</a>; dat. sg. tô
+geóce, <a href="#li1835">1835</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeócor">geócor</a>, adj., <i>ill, bad</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li766">766</a>.&mdash;See Haupt's
+Zeitschrift 8, p. 7.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeóman">geó-man, iú-man</a>, st. m., <i>man of former times</i>: gen. pl.
+iú-manna, <a href="#li3053">3053</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeómeowle">geó-meowle</a>, w. f., (<i>formerly a virgin), wife</i>: acc. sg.
+ió-meowlan, <a href="#li2932">2932</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômor">geômor</a>, adj., <i>with depressed feelings, sad, troubled</i>:
+nom. sg. him wäs geômor sefa, <a href="#li49">49</a>, <a href="#li2420">2420</a>, <a href="#li2633">2633</a>, <a href="#li2951">2951</a>; môdes geômor,
+<a href="#li2101">2101</a>; fem. &thorn;ät wäs geômuru ides, <a href="#li1076">1076</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômore">geômore</a>, adv., <i>sadly</i>, <a href="#li151">151</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômorgid">geômor-gid</a>, st. n., <i>dirge</i>: acc. sg. giômor-gyd, <a href="#li3151">3151</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômorlîc">geômor-lîc</a>, adj., <i>sad, painful</i>: swâ bi&eth; geômorlîc
+gomelum ceorle tô gebîdanne &thorn;ät..., <i>it is painful to an old man to
+experience it, that ...</i>, <a href="#li2445">2445</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômormôd">geômor-môd</a>, adj., <i>sad, sorrowful</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2045">2045</a>, <a href="#li3019">3019</a>;
+giômor-môd, <a href="#li2268">2268</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeômrian">geômrian</a>, w. v., <i>to complain, to lament</i>: pret. sg.
+geômrode giddum, <a href="#li1119">1119</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeósceaft">geó-sceaft</a>, st. f., (<i>fixed in past times), fate</i>: acc.
+sg. geósceaft grimme, <a href="#li1235">1235</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeósceaftgâst">geósceaft-gâst</a>, st. m., <i>demon sent by fate</i>: gen. pl.
+fela geósceaft-gâsta, of Grendel and his race, <a href="#li1267">1267</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeótan">geótan</a>, st. v. intrans., <i>to pour, to flow, to stream</i>:
+pres. part. gifen geótende, <a href="#li1691">1691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgicel">gicel</a>, st. m., <i>icicle</i>: in comp. hilde-gicel.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgid">gid, gyd</a>, st. n., <i>speech, solemn alliterative song</i>: nom. sg.
+&thorn;ær wäs ... gid oft wrecen, <a href="#li1066">1066</a>; leó&eth; wäs âsungen, gleómannes gyd, <i>the
+song was sung, the gleeman's lay</i>, <a href="#li1161">1161</a>; &thorn;ær wäs gidd and gleó, <a href="#li2106">2106</a>;
+acc. sg. ic &thorn;is gid âwräc, <a href="#li1724">1724</a>; gyd âwräc, <a href="#li2109">2109</a>; gyd äfter wräc, <a href="#li2155">2155</a>;
+&thorn;onne he gyd wrece, <a href="#li2447">2447</a>; dat. pl. giddum, <a href="#li151">151</a>, <a href="#li1119">1119</a>; gen. pl. gidda
+gemyndig, <a href="#li869">869</a>.&mdash;Comp.: geômor-, word-gid.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgiddian">giddian</a>, w. v., <i>to speak, to speak in alliteration</i>:
+pret. gyddode, <a href="#li631">631</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgif">gif</a>, conj.: 1) <i>if</i>, w. ind., <a href="#li442">442</a>, <a href="#li447">447</a>, <a href="#li527">527</a>, <a href="#li662">662</a>, etc.;
+gyf, <a href="#li945">945</a>, etc. With subj., <a href="#li452">452</a>, <a href="#li594">594</a>, <a href="#li1482">1482</a>, etc.; gyf, <a href="#li280">280</a>, <a href="#li1105">1105</a>,
+etc.&mdash;2) <i>whether</i>, w. ind., <a href="#li272">272</a>; w. subj., <a href="#li1141">1141</a>, <a href="#li1320">1320</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifa">gifa, geofa</a>, w. m., <i>giver</i>; in comp. gold-, sinc-, wil-gifa
+(-geofa).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifan">gifan</a>, st. v., <i>to give</i>: inf. giofan, <a href="#li2973">2973</a>; pret. sg.
+nallas beágas geaf Denum, <a href="#li1720">1720</a>; he me [mâ&eth;mas] geaf, <a href="#li2147">2147</a>; and
+similarly, <a href="#li2174">2174</a>, <a href="#li2432">2432</a>, <a href="#li2624">2624</a>, etc.; pret. pl. geâfon (hyne) on gârsecg,
+<a href="#li49">49</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs Hrô&eth;gâre here-spêd gyfen, <a href="#li64">64</a>; &thorn;â wäs gylden
+hilt gamelum rince ... on hand gyfen, <a href="#li1679">1679</a>; sy&eth;&eth;an ærest wear&eth; gyfen
+... geongum cempan (<i>given in marriage</i>), <a href="#li1949">1949</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâgifan">â-gifan</a>, <i>to give, to impart</i>: inf. andsware ... âgifan,
+<i>to give an answer</i>, <a href="#li355">355</a>; pret. sg. sôna him se frôda fäder
+Ôhtheres ... ondslyht âgeaf (<i>gave him a counter-blow</i>),
+(<i>hand-blow</i>?), <a href="#li2930">2930</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforgyfan">for-gyfan</a>, <i>to give, to grant</i>: pret. sg. him &thorn;äs lîf-freá
+... worold-âre forgeaf, <a href="#li17">17</a>; &thorn;äm tô hâm forgeaf Hrê&eth;el Geáta ângan
+dôhtor (<i>gave in marriage</i>), <a href="#li374">374</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2998">2998</a>; he me lond
+forgeaf, <i>granted me land</i>, <a href="#li2493">2493</a>; similarly, <a href="#li697">697</a>, <a href="#li1021">1021</a>, <a href="#li2607">2607</a>,
+<a href="#li2617">2617</a>; mägen-ræs forgeaf hilde-bille, <i>he gave with his battle-sword
+a mighty blow</i>, i.e. he struck with full force, <a href="#li1520">1520</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glofgifan">of-gifan</a>, (<i>to give up</i>), <i>to leave</i>: inf. &thorn;ät se
+mæra maga Ecg&thorn;eówes grund-wong &thorn;one ofgyfan wolde (<i>was fated to
+leave the earth-plain</i>), <a href="#li2589">2589</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;âs worold ofgeaf
+gromheort guma, <a href="#li1682">1682</a>; similarly, gumdreám ofgeaf, <a href="#li2470">2470</a>; Dena land
+ofgeaf, <a href="#li1905">1905</a>; pret. pl. näs ofgeâfon hwate Scyldingas, <i>left the
+promontory</i>, <a href="#li1601">1601</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;â hildlatan holt ofgêfan, <i>that the
+cowards left the wood</i> (into which they had fled), <a href="#li2847">2847</a>; sg. pret.
+for pl. &thorn;âra &thorn;e &thorn;is [lîf] ofgeaf, <a href="#li2252">2252</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifethe">gife&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>given, granted</i>: Gû&eth;fremmendra swylcum
+gife&eth;e bi&eth; &thorn;ät..., <i>to such a warrior is it granted that</i>...,
+<a href="#li299">299</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2682">2682</a>; swâ me gife&eth;e wäs, <a href="#li2492">2492</a>; &thorn;ær me gife&eth;e swâ ænig
+yrfeweard äfter wurde, <i>if an heir</i>, (living) <i>after me, had
+been given me</i>, <a href="#li2731">2731</a>.&mdash;Neut. as subst.: wäs &thorn;ät gife&eth;e tô swî&eth;, &thorn;e
+&thorn;one [&thorn;eóden] &thorn;yder ontyhte, <i>the fate was too harsh that has drawn
+hither the king</i>, <a href="#li3086">3086</a>; gyfe&eth;e, <a href="#li555">555</a>, <a href="#li820">820</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-gife&eth;e.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifheal">gif-heal</a>, st. f., <i>hall in which fiefs were bestowed,
+throne-hall</i>: acc. sg. ymb &thorn;â gifhealle, <a href="#li839">839</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifsceat">gif-sceat</a>, st. m., <i>gift of value</i>: acc. pl.
+gif-sceattas, <a href="#li378">378</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifstôl">gif-stôl</a>, st. m., <i>seat from which fiefs are granted,
+throne</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2328">2328</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li168">168</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgift">gift</a>, st. f., <i>gift, present</i>: in comp. feoh-gift.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgifu">gifu, geofu</a>, st. f., <i>gift, present, grant; fief</i>: nom.
+sg. gifu, <a href="#li1885">1885</a> acc. sg. gimfäste gife &thorn;e him god sealde, <i>the great
+gift that God had granted him</i> (i.e. the enormous strength), <a href="#li1272">1272</a>;
+ginfästan gife &thorn;e him god sealde, <a href="#li2183">2183</a>; dat. pl. (as instr.) geofum,
+<a href="#li1959">1959</a>; gen. pl. gifa, <a href="#li1931">1931</a>; geofena, <a href="#li1174">1174</a>.&mdash;Comp.: mâ&eth;&eth;um-, sinc-gifu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgigant">gigant</a>, st. m., <i>giant</i>: nom. pl. gigantas, <a href="#li113">113</a>; gen. pl.
+giganta, <a href="#li1563">1563</a>, <a href="#li1691">1691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgild">gild, gyld</a>, st. n., <i>reparation</i>: in comp. wi&eth;er-gyld(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgildan">gildan, gyldan</a>, st. v., <i>to do something in return, to repay,
+to reward, to pay</i>: inf. gomban gyldan, <i>pay tribute</i>, <a href="#li11">11</a>; he
+mid gôde gyldan wille uncran eaferan, <a href="#li1185">1185</a>; we him &thorn;â gû&eth;geatwa gyldan
+woldon, <a href="#li2637">2637</a>; pret. sg. hea&eth;oræsas geald mearum and mâ&eth;mum, <i>repaid
+the battles with horses and treasures</i>, <a href="#li1048">1048</a>; similarly, <a href="#li2492">2492</a>;
+geald &thorn;one gû&eth;ræs ... Jofore and Wulfe mid ofermâ&eth;mum, <i>repaid Eofor
+and Wulf the battle with exceedingly great treasures</i>, <a href="#li2992">2992</a>.</p>
+
+<p>an-gildan, <i>to pay for</i>: pret. sg. sum sâre angeald æfenräste,
+<i>one</i> (Äschere) <i>paid for the evening-rest with death's
+pain</i>, <a href="#li1252">1252</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-gildan, <i>to offer one's self</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â me sæl âgeald,
+<i>when the favorable opportunity offered itself</i>, <a href="#li1666">1666</a>; similarly,
+&thorn;â him rûm âgeald, <a href="#li2691">2691</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-gildan, <i>to repay, to do something in return, to reward</i>:
+pres. subj. sg. III. alwalda &thorn;ec gôde forgylde, <i>may the ruler of
+all reward thee with good</i>, <a href="#li957">957</a>; inf. &thorn;one ænne hêht golde
+forgyldan, <i>he ordered that the one</i> (killed by Grendel) <i>be
+paid for</i> (atoned for) <i>with gold</i>, <a href="#li1055">1055</a>; he ... wolde Grendle
+for-gyldan gû&eth;ræsa fela, <i>wished to pay Grendel for many
+attacks</i>, <a href="#li1578">1578</a>; wolde se lâ&eth;a lîge forgyldan drinc-fät dýre, <i>the
+enemy wished to repay with fire the costly drinking vessel</i> (the
+theft of it), <a href="#li2306">2306</a>; pret. sg. he him &thorn;äs leán forgeald, <i>he gave
+them the reward therefore</i>, <a href="#li114">114</a>; similarly, <a href="#li1542">1542</a>, <a href="#li1585">1585</a>, <a href="#li2095">2095</a>;
+forgeald hra&eth;e wyrsan wrixle wälhlem &thorn;one, <i>repaid the murderous
+blow with a worse exchange</i>, <a href="#li2969">2969</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilp">gilp, gylp</a>, st. m., <i>speech in which one promises great
+things for himself in a coming combat, defiant speech, boasting
+speech</i>: acc. sg. häfde ... Geát-mecga leód gilp gelæsted (<i>had
+fulfilled what he had claimed for himself before the battle</i>), <a href="#li830">830</a>;
+nallas on gylp sele&eth; fätte beágas, <i>gives no chased gold rings for a
+boastful speech</i>, <a href="#li1750">1750</a>; &thorn;ät ic wi&eth; &thorn;one gû&eth;flogan gylp ofersitte,
+<i>restrain myself from the speech of defiance</i>, <a href="#li2529">2529</a>; dat. sg.
+gylpe wi&eth;grîpan (<i>fulfil my promise of battle</i>), <a href="#li2522">2522</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+dol-gilp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilpan">gilpan, gylpan</a>, st. v. w. gen., acc., and dat., <i>to make a
+defiant speech, to boast, to exult insolently</i>: pres. sg. I. nô ic
+&thorn;äs gilpe (after a break in the text), <a href="#li587">587</a>; sg. III. mor&eth;res gylpe&eth;,
+<i>boasts of the murder</i>, <a href="#li2056">2056</a>; inf. swâ ne gylpan &thorn;earf Grendles
+maga ænig ... uhthlem &thorn;one, <a href="#li2007">2007</a>; nealles folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum
+gylpan &thorn;orfte, <i>had no need to boast of his fellow-warrior</i>,
+<a href="#li2875">2875</a>; pret. sg. hrê&eth;sigora ne gealp goldwine Geáta, <i>did not exult
+at the glorious victory</i> (could not gain the victory over the
+drake), <a href="#li2584">2584</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilpcwide">gilp-cwide</a>, st. m., <i>speech in which a man promises much for
+himself for a coming combat, speech of defiance</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li641">641</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilphläden">gilp-hläden</a>, pret. part., <i>laden with boasts of defiance</i>
+(i.e. he who has made many such boasts, and consequently has been
+victorious in many combats), <i>covered with glory</i>: nom. sg. guma
+gilp-hläden, <a href="#li869">869</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilpspræc">gilp-spræc</a>, same as <a class="glentry" href="#glgilpcwide">gilp-cwide</a>, <i>speech of defiance,
+boastful speech</i>: dat. sg. on gylp-spræce, <a href="#li982">982</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgilpword">gilp-word</a>, st. n., <i>defiant word before the coming combat,
+vaunting word</i>: gen. pl. gespräc ... gylp-worda sum, <a href="#li676">676</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgim">gim</a>, st. m., <i>gem, precious stone, jewel</i>: nom. sg.
+heofones gim, <i>heaven's jewel</i>, i.e. the sun, <a href="#li2073">2073</a>. Comp.
+searo-gim.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgimmerîce">gimme-rîce</a>, adj., <i>rich in jewels</i>: acc. sg. gimme-rîce
+hord-burh häle&eth;a, <a href="#li466">466</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgin">gin</a> (according to Bout., <b>ginne</b>), adj., properly
+<i>gaping</i>, hence, <i>wide, extended</i>: acc. sg. gynne grund
+(<i>the bottom of the sea</i>), <a href="#li1552">1552</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glginfäst">gin-fäst</a>, adj., <i>extensive, rich</i>: acc. sg. gim-fäste gife
+(gim-, on account of the following <i>f</i>), <a href="#li1272">1272</a>; in weak form,
+gin-fästan gife, <a href="#li2183">2183</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glginnan">ginnan</a>, st. v., original meaning, <i>to be open, ready</i>; in</p>
+
+<p>on-ginnan, <i>to begin, to undertake</i>: pret. ô&eth; &thorn;ät ân ongan fyrene
+fremman feónd on helle, <a href="#li100">100</a>; secg eft ongan sî&eth; Beówulfes snyttrum
+styrian, <a href="#li872">872</a>; &thorn;â &thorn;ät sweord ongan ... wanian, <i>the sword began to
+diminish</i>, <a href="#li1606">1606</a>; Higelâc ongan sînne geseldan ... fägre fricgean,
+<i>began with propriety to question his companion</i>, <a href="#li1984">1984</a>, etc.;
+ongon, <a href="#li2791">2791</a>; pret. pl. nô her cû&eth;lîcor cuman ongunnon lindhäbbende,
+<i>no shield-bearing men e'er undertook more openly to come
+hither</i>, <a href="#li244">244</a>; pret. part. häbbe ic mær&eth;a fela ongunnen on geogo&eth;e,
+<i>have in my youth undertaken many deeds of renown</i>, <a href="#li409">409</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgist">gist</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgäst">gäst</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgistran">gistran</a>, adv., <i>yesterday</i>: gystran niht, <i>yesterday
+night</i>, <a href="#li1335">1335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgit">git</a>, pron., <i>ye two</i>, dual of <a class="glentry" href="#glthu">&thorn;u</a>, <a href="#li508">508</a>, <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li513">513</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgit">git, gyt</a>, adv., <i>yet; then still</i>, <a href="#li536">536</a>, <a href="#li1128">1128</a>, <a href="#li1165">1165</a>, <a href="#li2142">2142</a>;
+<i>hitherto</i>, <a href="#li957">957</a>; næfre git, <i>never yet</i>, <a href="#li583">583</a>; <i>still</i>,
+<a href="#li945">945</a>, <a href="#li1059">1059</a>, <a href="#li1135">1135</a>; <i>once more</i>, <a href="#li2513">2513</a>; <i>moreover</i>, <a href="#li47">47</a>, <a href="#li1051">1051</a>,
+<a href="#li1867">1867</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgitan">gitan</a> (original meaning, <i>to take hold of, to seize, to
+attain</i>), in</p>
+
+<p>be-gitan, w. acc., <i>to grasp, to seize, to reach</i>: pret. sg.
+begeat, <a href="#li1147">1147</a>, <a href="#li2231">2231</a>; &thorn;â hine wîg beget, <i>when war seized him, came
+upon him</i>, <a href="#li2873">2873</a>; similarly, begeat, <a href="#li1069">1069</a>; pret. pl. hit ær on &thorn;e
+gôde be-geâton, <i>good men received it formerly from thee</i>, <a href="#li2250">2250</a>;
+subj. sg. for pl. &thorn;ät wäs Hrô&eth;gâre hreówa tornost &thorn;âra &thorn;e leódfruman
+lange begeâte, <i>the bitterest of the troubles that for a long time
+had befallen the people's chief</i>, <a href="#li2131">2131</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-gitan, w. acc., <i>to forget</i>: pres. sg. III. he &thorn;â
+for&eth;gesceaft forgyte&eth; and forgýme&eth;, <a href="#li1752">1752</a>.</p>
+
+<p>an-gitan, on-gitan, w. acc.: 1) <i>to take hold of, to grasp</i>: imp.
+sg. gumcyste ongit, <i>lay hold of manly virtue, of what becomes the
+man</i>, <a href="#li1724">1724</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;e hine se brôga angeat, <i>whom terror
+seized</i>, <a href="#li1292">1292</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to grasp intellectually, to comprehend, to
+perceive, to distinguish, to behold</i>: pres. subj. I. &thorn;ät ic ærwelan
+... ongite, <i>that I may behold the ancient wealth</i> (the treasures
+of the drake's cave), <a href="#li2749">2749</a>; inf. säl timbred ... ongytan, <a href="#li308">308</a>, <a href="#li1497">1497</a>;
+Geáta clifu ongitan, <a href="#li1912">1912</a>; pret. sg. fyren-&thorn;earfe ongeat, <i>had
+perceived their distress from hostile snares</i>, <a href="#li14">14</a>; ongeat ...
+grund-wyrgenne, <i>beheld the she-wolf of the bottom</i>, <a href="#li1519">1519</a>; pret.
+pl. bearhtm ongeâton, gû&eth;horn galan, <i>perceived the noise</i>,
+(heard) <i>the battle-trumpet sound</i>, <a href="#li1432">1432</a>; sy&eth;&eth;an hie Hygelâces
+horn and býman gealdor ongeâton, <a href="#li2945">2945</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgîfre">gîfre</a>, adj., <i>greedy, eager</i>: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd,
+of Grendel's mother, <a href="#li1278">1278</a>.&mdash;Superl.: lîg..., gæsta gîfrost,
+<a href="#li1124">1124</a>.&mdash;Comp. heoro-gîfre.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgîtsian">gîtsian</a>, w. v., <i>to be greedy</i>: pres. sg. III. gýtsa&eth;,
+<a href="#li1750">1750</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgio">gio-, gió-</a>. see <a class="glentry" href="#glgeo">geo-, geó-</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgladian">gladian</a>, w. v., <i>to gleam, to shimmer</i>: pres. pl. III. on
+him gladia&eth; gomelra lâfe, <i>upon him gleams the legacy of the men of
+ancient times</i> (armor), <a href="#li2037">2037</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgläd">gläd</a>, adj., <i>gracious, friendly</i> (as a form of address for
+princes): nom. sg. beó wi&eth; Geátas gläd, <a href="#li1174">1174</a>; acc. sg. glädne Hrô&eth;gâr,
+<a href="#li864">864</a>; glädne Hrô&eth;ulf, <a href="#li1182">1182</a>; dat. sg. gladum suna Frôdan, <a href="#li2026">2026</a>.</p>
+
+<p>gläde, adv., <i>in a gracious, friendly way</i>, <a href="#li58">58</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglädnian">glädnian</a>, w. v., <i>to rejoice</i>: inf. w. gen., <a href="#li367">367</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglädmôd">gläd-môd</a>, adj., <i>joyous, glad</i>, <a href="#li1786">1786</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglêd">glêd</a>, st. f., <i>fire, flame</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2653">2653</a>, <a href="#li3115">3115</a>; dat.
+(instr.) pl. glêdum, <a href="#li2313">2313</a>, <a href="#li2336">2336</a>, <a href="#li2678">2678</a>, <a href="#li3042">3042</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglêdegesa">glêd-egesa</a>, w. m., <i>terror on account of fire,
+fire-terror</i>: nom. sg. glêd-egesa grim (<i>the fire-spewing of the
+drake</i>), <a href="#li2651">2651</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgleáw">gleáw</a> (Goth, glaggwu-s), adj., <i>considerate, well-bred</i>,
+of social conduct; in comp. un-gleáw.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgleó">gleó</a>, st. n., <i>social entertainment</i>, (especially by
+music, play, and jest): nom. sg. &thorn;ær wäs gidd and gleó, <a href="#li2106">2106</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgleóbeám">gleó-beám</a>, st. m., <i>(tree of social entertainment, of music),
+harp.</i> gen. sg. gleó-beámes, <a href="#li2264">2264</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgleódreám">gleó-dreám</a>, st. <i>m., joyous carrying-on in social
+entertainment, mirth, social gaiety</i>: acc. sg. gamen and
+gleó-dreám, <a href="#li3022">3022</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgleóman">gleó-man</a>, m., <i>(gleeman, who enlivens the social
+entertainment, especially with music), harper</i>: gen. sg. gleómannes
+gyd, <a href="#li1161">1161</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglitinian">glitinian</a> (O.H.G. glizinôn), w. v., <i>to gleam, to light, to
+glitter</i>: inf. geseah &thorn;â ... gold glitinian, <a href="#li2759">2759</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglîdan">glîdan</a>, st. v., <i>to glide</i>: pret. sg. sy&eth;&eth;an heofones gim
+glâd ofer grundas, <i>after heaven's gem had glided over the
+fields</i> (after the sun had set), <a href="#li2074">2074</a>; pret. pl. glidon ofer
+gârsecg, <i>you glided over the ocean</i> (swimming), <a href="#li515">515</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-glîdan <i>(to glide asunder), to separate, to fall asunder</i>:
+pret. gû&eth;-helm tô-glâd (Ongen&thorn;eów's helmet was split asunder by the
+blow of Eofor), <a href="#li2488">2488</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glglôf">glôf</a>, st. f., <i>glove</i>: nom. sg. glôf hangode, (on Grendel)
+<i>a glove hung</i>, <a href="#li2086">2086</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgneáth">gneá&eth;</a>, adj., <i>niggardly</i>: nom. sg. f. näs hió ... tô gneá&eth;
+gifa Geáta leódum, <i>was not too niggardly with gifts to the people
+of the Geátas</i>, <a href="#li1931">1931</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgnorn">gnorn</a>, st. m., <i>sorrow, sadness</i>: acc. sg. gnorn &thorn;rowian,
+<a href="#li2659">2659</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgnornian">gnornian</a>, w. v., <i>to be sad, to complain</i>: pret. sg. earme
+... ides gnornode, <a href="#li1118">1118</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-gnornian, w. acc., <i>to bemoan, to mourn for</i>: pret. pl. begnornodon
+... hlâfordes [hry]re, <i>bemoaned their lord's fall</i>, <a href="#li3180">3180</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgod">god</a>, st. m., <i>god</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li13">13</a>, <a href="#li72">72</a>, <a href="#li478">478</a>, etc.; hâlig
+god, <a href="#li381">381</a>, <a href="#li1554">1554</a>; witig god, <a href="#li686">686</a>; mihtig god, <a href="#li702">702</a>; acc. sg. god, <a href="#li812">812</a>; ne
+wiston hie drihten god, <i>did not know the Lord God</i>, <a href="#li181">181</a>; dat.
+sg. gode, <a href="#li113">113</a>, <a href="#li227">227</a>, <a href="#li626">626</a>, etc.; gen. sg. godes, <a href="#li570">570</a>, <a href="#li712">712</a>, <a href="#li787">787</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgold">gold</a>, st. n., <i>gold</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3013">3013</a>, <a href="#li3053">3053</a>; icge gold,
+<a href="#li1108">1108</a>; wunden gold, <i>wound gold, gold in ring-form</i>, <a href="#li1194">1194</a>, <a href="#li3136">3136</a>;
+acc. sg. gold, <a href="#li2537">2537</a>, <a href="#li2759">2759</a>, <a href="#li2794">2794</a>, <a href="#li3169">3169</a>; hæ&eth;en gold, <i>heathen gold</i>
+(that from the drake's cave), <a href="#li2277">2277</a>; brâd gold, <i>massive gold</i>,
+<a href="#li3106">3106</a>; dat. instr. sg. golde, <a href="#li1055">1055</a>, <a href="#li2932">2932</a>, <a href="#li3019">3019</a>; fättan golde, <i>with
+chased gold, with gold in plate-form</i>, <a href="#li2103">2103</a>; gehroden golde,
+<i>covered with gold, gilded</i>, <a href="#li304">304</a>; golde gegyrwed (gegyrede),
+<i>provided with, ornamented with gold</i>, <a href="#li553">553</a>, <a href="#li1029">1029</a>, <a href="#li2193">2193</a>; golde
+geregnad, <i>adorned with gold</i>, <a href="#li778">778</a>; golde fâhne (hrôf), <i>the
+roof shining with gold</i>, <a href="#li928">928</a>; bunden golde, <i>bound with gold</i>
+(see under <a class="glentry" href="#glbindan">bindan</a>), <a href="#li1901">1901</a>; hyrsted golde (helm), <i>the helmet
+ornamented with, mounted with gold</i>, <a href="#li2256">2256</a>; gen. sg. goldes, <a href="#li2302">2302</a>;
+fättan goldes, <a href="#li1094">1094</a>, <a href="#li2247">2247</a>; scîran goldes, <i>of pure gold</i>, <a href="#li1695">1695</a>.
+&mdash;Comp. fät-gold.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldæht">gold-æht</a>, st. f., <i>possessions in gold, treasure</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li2749">2749</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldfâh">gold-fâh</a>, adj., <i>variegated with gold, shining with gold</i>:
+nom. sg. reced ... gold-fâh, <a href="#li1801">1801</a>; acc. sg. gold-fâhne helm, <a href="#li2812">2812</a>;
+nom. pl. gold-fâg scinon web äfter wagum, <i>variegated with gold, the
+tapestry gleamed along the walls</i>, <a href="#li995">995</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldgifa">gold-gifa</a>, w. m., <i>gold-giver</i>, designation of the prince:
+acc. sg. mid mînne goldgyfan, <a href="#li2653">2653</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldhroden">gold-hroden</a>, pret. part., <i>(covered with gold), ornamented
+with gold</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li615">615</a>, <a href="#li641">641</a>, <a href="#li1949">1949</a>, <a href="#li2026">2026</a>; epithet of women of
+princely rank.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldhwät">gold-hwät</a>, adj., <i>striving after gold, greedy for gold</i>:
+näs he goldhwät, <i>he</i> (Beówulf) <i>was not greedy for gold</i>
+(he did not fight against the drake for his treasure, cf. <a href="#li3067">3067</a> ff.)
+<a href="#li3075">3075</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldmâthm">gold-mâ&eth;m</a>, st. m., <i>jewel of gold</i>: acc. pl. gold-mâ&eth;mas
+(the treasures of the drake's cave), <a href="#li2415">2415</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldsele">gold-sele</a>, st. m., <i>gold-hall</i>, i.e. the hall in which the
+gold was distributed, ruler's hall: acc. sg., <a href="#li716">716</a>, <a href="#li1254">1254</a>; dat. sg.
+gold-sele, <a href="#li1640">1640</a>, <a href="#li2084">2084</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldweard">gold-weard</a>, st. m., <i>gold-ward, defender of the gold</i>:
+acc. sg. (of the drake), <a href="#li3082">3082</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldwine">gold-wine</a>, st. m., <i>friend who distributes gold</i>, i.e.
+ruler, prince: nom. sg. (partly as voc.) goldwine gumena, <a href="#li1172">1172</a>, <a href="#li1477">1477</a>,
+<a href="#li1603">1603</a>; goldwine Geáta, <a href="#li2420">2420</a>, <a href="#li2585">2585</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldwlanc">gold-wlanc</a>, adj., <i>proud of gold</i>: nom. sg. gû&eth;rinc
+goldwlanc (Beówulf rewarded with gold by Hrô&eth;gâr on account of his
+victory), <a href="#li1882">1882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgomban">gomban, gomel, gomen</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgamban">gamban, gamal, gamen</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgong">gong, gongan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgang">gang, gangan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgôd">gôd</a>, adj., <i>good, fit</i>, of persons and things: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li11">11</a>, <a href="#li195">195</a>, <a href="#li864">864</a>, <a href="#li2264">2264</a>, <a href="#li2391">2391</a>, etc.; frôd and gôd, <a href="#li279">279</a>; w. dat. cyning
+ä&eth;elum gôd, <i>the king noble in birth</i>, <a href="#li1871">1871</a>; gumcystum gôd, <a href="#li2544">2544</a>;
+w. gen. wes &thorn;u ûs lârena gôd, <i>be good to us with teaching</i> (help
+us thereto through thy instruction), <a href="#li269">269</a>; in weak form, se gôda, <a href="#li205">205</a>,
+<a href="#li355">355</a>, <a href="#li676">676</a>, <a href="#li1191">1191</a>, etc.; acc. sg. gôdne, <a href="#li199">199</a>, <a href="#li347">347</a>, <a href="#li1596">1596</a>, <a href="#li1970">1970</a>, etc.;
+gumcystum gôdne, <a href="#li1487">1487</a>; neut. gôd, <a href="#li1563">1563</a>; dat. sg. gôdum, <a href="#li3037">3037</a>, <a href="#li3115">3115</a>;
+&thorn;äm gôdan, <a href="#li384">384</a>, <a href="#li2328">2328</a>; nom. pl. gôde, <a href="#li2250">2250</a>; &thorn;â gôdan, <a href="#li1164">1164</a>; acc. pl.
+gôde, <a href="#li2642">2642</a>; dat. pl. gôdum dædum, <a href="#li2179">2179</a>; gen. pl. gôdra gû&eth;rinca,
+<a href="#li2649">2649</a>.&mdash;Comp. ær-gôd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgôd">gôd</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>good that is done, benefit, gift</i>: instr.
+sg. gôde, <a href="#li20">20</a>, <a href="#li957">957</a>, <a href="#li1185">1185</a>; gôde mære, <i>renowned on account of her
+gifts</i> (&THORN;ry&eth;o), <a href="#li1953">1953</a>; instr. pl. gôdum, <a href="#li1862">1862</a>.&mdash;2) <i>ability</i>,
+especially in fight: gen. pl. nât he &thorn;âra gôda, <a href="#li682">682</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgram">gram</a>, adj., <i>hostile</i>: gen. sg. on grames grâpum, <i>in
+the gripe of the enemy</i> (Beówulf), <a href="#li766">766</a>; nom. pl. &thorn;â graman, <a href="#li778">778</a>;
+dat. pl. gramum, <a href="#li424">424</a>, <a href="#li1035">1035</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgramheort">gram-heort</a>, adj., <i>of a hostile heart, hostile</i>: nom. sg.
+grom-heort guma, <a href="#li1683">1683</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgramhydig">gram-hydig</a>, adj., <i>with hostile feeling, maliciously
+inclined</i>: nom. sg. gromhydig, <a href="#li1750">1750</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrâp">grâp</a>, st. f., <i>the hand ready to grasp, hand, claw</i>: dat.
+sg. mid grâpe, <a href="#li438">438</a>; on grâpe, <a href="#li555">555</a>; gen. sg. eal ... Grendles grâpe,
+<i>all of Grendel's claw, the whole claw</i>, <a href="#li837">837</a>; dat. pl. on grames
+grâpum, <a href="#li766">766</a>; (as instr.) grimman grâpum, <i>with grim claws</i>,
+<a href="#li1543">1543</a>.&mdash;Comp.: feónd-, hilde-grâp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrâpian">grâpian</a>, w. v., <i>to grasp, to lay hold of, to seize</i>:
+pret. sg. &thorn;ät hire wi&eth; halse heard grâpode, <i>that</i> (the sword)
+<i>griped hard at her neck</i>, <a href="#li1567">1567</a>; he ... grâpode gearofolm, <i>he
+took hold with ready hand</i>, <a href="#li2086">2086</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgräsmolde">gräs-molde</a>, w. f., <i>grass-plot</i>: acc. sg. gräsmoldan träd,
+<i>went over the grass-plot</i>, <a href="#li1882">1882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrædig">grædig</a>, adj., <i>greedy, hungry, voracious</i>: nom. sg. grim
+and grædig, <a href="#li121">121</a>, <a href="#li1500">1500</a>; acc. sg. grædig gû&eth;leó&eth;, <a href="#li1523">1523</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgræg">græg</a>, adj., <i>gray</i>: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg, <i>the
+ashen wood, gray above</i> (the spears with iron points) <a href="#li330">330</a>; acc. pl.
+græge syrcan, <i>gray</i> (i.e. iron) <i>shirts of mail</i>, <a href="#li334">334</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrægmæl">græg-mæl</a>, adj., <i>having a gray color</i>, here = <i>iron</i>:
+nom. sg. sweord Beówulfes gomol and grægmæl, <a href="#li2683">2683</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgræpe">græpe</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glätgræpe">ät-græpe</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrêtan">grêtan</a>, w. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to greet, to salute</i>: inf. hine
+swâ gôdne grêtan, <a href="#li347">347</a>; Hrô&eth;gâr grêtan, <a href="#li1647">1647</a>, <a href="#li2011">2011</a>; eówic grêtan hêt
+(<i>bade me bring you his last greeting</i>), <a href="#li3096">3096</a>; pret. sg. grêtte
+Geáta leód, <a href="#li626">626</a>; grêtte &thorn;â guma ô&eth;erne, <a href="#li653">653</a>; Hrô&eth;gâr grêtte, <a href="#li1817">1817</a>.&mdash;
+2) <i>to come on, to come near, to seek out; to touch; to take hold
+of</i>: inf. gifstôl grêtan, <i>take possession of the throne, mount
+it as ruler</i>, <a href="#li168">168</a>; näs se folccyning ænig ... &thorn;e mec gû&eth;winum
+grêtan dorste (<i>attack with swords</i>), <a href="#li2736">2736</a>; Wyrd ... se &thorn;one
+gomelan grêtan sceolde, <a href="#li2422">2422</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;one sin-sca&eth;an gû&eth;billa nân grêtan
+nolde, <i>that no sword would take hold upon the irreconcilable
+enemy</i>, <a href="#li804">804</a>; pret. sg. grêtte goldhroden guman on healle, <i>the
+gold-adorned</i> (queen) <i>greeted the men in the hall</i>, <a href="#li615">615</a>; nô
+he mid hearme ... gästas grêtte, <i>did not approach the strangers
+with insults</i>, <a href="#li1894">1894</a>; gomenwudu grêtte, <i>touched the wood of joy,
+played the harp</i>, <a href="#li2109">2109</a>; pret. subj. II. sg. &thorn;ät &thorn;u &thorn;one wälgæst
+wihte ne grêtte, <i>that thou shouldst by no means seek out the
+murderous spirit</i> (Grendel), <a href="#li1996">1996</a>; similarly, sg. III. &thorn;ät he ne
+grêtte goldweard &thorn;one, <a href="#li3082">3082</a>; pret. part. &thorn;ær wäs ... gomenwudu grêted,
+<a href="#li1066">1066</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-grêtan, w. acc.: 1) <i>to greet, to salute, to address</i>: pret.
+sg. holdne gegrêtte meaglum wordum, <i>greeted the dear man with
+formal words</i>, <a href="#li1981">1981</a>; gegrêtte &thorn;â gumena gehwylcne ... hindeman
+si&eth;e, <i>spoke then the last time to each of the men</i>, <a href="#li2517">2517</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to approach, to come near, to seek out</i>: inf. sceal ... manig
+ô&eth;erne gôdum gegrêtan ofer ganotes bä&eth;, <i>many a one will seek
+another across the sea with gifts</i>, <a href="#li1862">1862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgreót">greót</a>, st. m., <i>grit, sand, earth</i>: dat. sg. on greóte,
+<a href="#li3169">3169</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgreótan">greótan</a>, st. v., <i>to weep, to mourn, to lament</i>: pres. sg.
+III. se &thorn;e äfter sincgyfan on sefan greóte&eth;, <i>who laments in his
+heart for the treasure-giver</i>, <a href="#li1343">1343</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrim">grim</a>, adj., <i>grim, angry, wild, hostile</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li121">121</a>,
+<a href="#li555">555</a>, <a href="#li1500">1500</a>, etc.; weak form, se grimma gäst, <a href="#li102">102</a>; acc. sg. m. grimne,
+<a href="#li1149">1149</a>, <a href="#li2137">2137</a>; fem, grimme, <a href="#li1235">1235</a>; gen. sg. grimre gû&eth;e, <a href="#li527">527</a>; instr. pl.
+grimman grâpum, <a href="#li1543">1543</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beado-, hea&eth;o-, heoro-, searo-grim.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrimme">grimme</a>, adv., <i>grimly, in a hostile manner, bitterly</i>,
+<a href="#li3013">3013</a>, <a href="#li3086">3086</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrimlîc">grim-lîc</a>, adj., <i>grim, terrible</i>: nom. sg. grimlîc
+gry[re-gäst], <a href="#li3042">3042</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrimman">grimman</a>, st. v., (properly <i>to snort</i>), <i>to go forward
+hastily, to hasten</i>: pret. pl. grummon, <a href="#li306">306</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrindan">grindan</a>, st. v., <i>to grind</i>, in</p>
+
+<p>for-grindan, <i>to destroy, to ruin</i>: pret. sg. w. dat. forgrand
+gramum, <i>destroyed the enemy, killed them</i> (?), <a href="#li424">424</a>; pret. part.
+w. acc. häfde lîgdraca leóda fästen ... glêdum forgrunden, <i>had with
+flames destroyed the people's feasts</i>, <a href="#li2336">2336</a>; &thorn;â his âgen (scyld)
+wäs glêdum forgrunden, <i>since his own (shield) had been destroyed by
+the fire</i>, <a href="#li2678">2678</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgripe">gripe</a>, st. m., <i>gripe, attack</i>: nom. sg. gripe mêces,
+<a href="#li1766">1766</a>; acc. sg. grimne gripe, <a href="#li1149">1149</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fær-, mund-, nî&eth;-gripe.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrîma">grîma</a>, w. m., <i>mask, visor</i>: in comp. beado-, here-grîma.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrîmhelm">grîm-helm</a>, st. m., <i>mask-helmet, helmet with visor</i>: acc.
+pl. grîm-helmas, <a href="#li334">334</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrîpan">grîpan</a>, st. v., <i>to gripe, to seize, to grasp</i>: pret. sg.
+grâp &thorn;â tôgeánes, <i>then she caught at</i>, <a href="#li1502">1502</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-grîpan <i>(to gripe vehemently), to gripe so as to kill, to kill
+by the grasp</i>, w. dat.: pret. sg. ät gû&eth;e forgrâp Grendeles mægum,
+<a href="#li2354">2354</a>. wi&eth;-grîpan, w. dat., <i>(to seize at), to maintain, to hold
+erect</i>: inf. hû wi&eth; &thorn;am aglæcean elles meahte gylpe wi&eth;-grîpan,
+<i>how else I might maintain my boast of battle against the
+monster</i>, <a href="#li2522">2522</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrôwan">grôwan</a>, st. v., <i>to grow, to sprout</i>: pret. sg. him on
+ferh&eth;e greów breósthord blôdreów, <a href="#li1719">1719</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrund">grund</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>ground, plain, fields</i> in contrast with
+highlands; <i>earth</i> in contrast with heaven: dat. sg. sôhte ...
+äfter grunde, <i>sought along the ground</i>, <a href="#li2295">2295</a>; acc. pl. ofer
+grundas, <a href="#li1405">1405</a>, <a href="#li2074">2074</a>.&mdash;2) <i>bottom, the lowest part</i>: acc. sg.
+grund (of the sea of Grendel), <a href="#li1368">1368</a>; on gyfenes grund, <a href="#li1395">1395</a>; under
+gynne grund (<i>bottom of the sea</i>) <a href="#li1552">1552</a>; dat. sg. tô grunde (of
+the sea), <a href="#li553">553</a>; grunde (of the drake's cave) getenge, <a href="#li2759">2759</a>; so, on
+grunde, <a href="#li2766">2766</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eormen-, mere-, sæ-grund.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrundbûend">grund-bûend</a>, pres. part., <i>inhabitant of the earth</i>: gen.
+pl. grund-bûendra, <a href="#li1007">1007</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrundhyrde">grund-hyrde</a>, st. m., <i>warder of the bottom</i> (of the sea):
+acc. sg. (of Grendel's mother), <a href="#li2137">2137</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrundsele">grund-sele</a>, st. m., <i>hall at the bottom</i> (of the sea): dat
+sg. in &thorn;am [grund]sele, <a href="#li2140">2140</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrundwang">grund-wang</a>, st. m., <i>ground surface, lowest surface</i>: acc.
+sg. &thorn;one grund-wong (<i>bottom of the sea</i>), <a href="#li1497">1497</a>; (bottom of the
+drake's cave), <a href="#li2772">2772</a>, <a href="#li2589">2589</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgrundwyrgen">grund-wyrgen</a>, st. f., <i>she-wolf of the bottom</i> (of the
+sea): acc. sg. grund-wyrgenne (Grendel's mother), <a href="#li1519">1519</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryn">gryn</a> (cf. Gloss. Aldh. &quot;retinaculum, rete grin,&quot; Hpts. Ztschr.
+IX. 429), st. n., <i>net, noose, snare</i>: gen. pl. fela ... grynna,
+<a href="#li931">931</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgyrn">gyrn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryre">gryre</a>, st. m., <i>horror, terror, anything causing terror</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1283">1283</a>; acc. sg. wi&eth; Grendles gryre, <a href="#li384">384</a>; hie Wyrd forsweóp on
+Grendles gryre, <i>snatched them away into the horror of Grendel, to
+the horrible Grendel</i>, <a href="#li478">478</a>; dat. pl. mid gryrum ecga, <a href="#li483">483</a>; gen. pl.
+swâ fela gryra, <a href="#li592">592</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fær-, wîg-gryre.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryrebrôga">gryre-brôga</a>, w. m., <i>terror and horror, amazement</i>: nom.
+sg. [gryre-]br[ô]g[a], <a href="#li2229">2229</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryrefâh">gryre-fâh</a>, adj., <i>gleaming terribly</i>: acc. sg. gryre-fâhne
+(<i>the fire-spewing drake</i>, cf. also [draca] fýrwylmum fâh, <a href="#li2672">2672</a>,
+<a href="#li2577">2577</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryregäst">gryre-gäst</a>, st. m., <i>terror-guest, stranger causing
+terror</i>: nom. sg. grimlîc gry[regäst], <a href="#li3042">3042</a>; dat. sg. wi&eth; &thorn;am
+gryregieste (the dragon), <a href="#li2561">2561</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryregeatwe">gryre-geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>terror-armor, warlike
+equipment</i>: dat. pl. in hyra gryre-geatwum, <a href="#li324">324</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryreleóth">gryre-leó&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>terror-song, fearful song</i>: acc. sg.
+gehýrdon gryreleó&eth; galan godes and-sacan (<i>heard Grendel's cry of
+agony</i>), <a href="#li787">787</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryrelîc">gryre-lîc</a>, adj., <i>terrible, horrible</i>: acc. sg.
+gryre-lîcne, <a href="#li1442">1442</a>, <a href="#li2137">2137</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgryresîth">gryre-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>way of terror, way causing terror</i>,
+i.e. warlike expedition: acc. pl. se &thorn;e gryre-sî&eth;as gegân dorste,
+<a href="#li1463">1463</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glguma">guma</a>, w. m., <i>man, human being</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li653">653</a>, <a href="#li869">869</a>, etc.;
+acc. sg. guman, <a href="#li1844">1844</a>, <a href="#li2295">2295</a>; dat. sg. guman (gumum, MS.), <a href="#li2822">2822</a>; nom pl.
+guman, <a href="#li215">215</a>, <a href="#li306">306</a>, <a href="#li667">667</a>, etc.; acc. pl. guman, <a href="#li615">615</a>; dat. pl. gumum, <a href="#li127">127</a>,
+<a href="#li321">321</a>; gen. pl. gumena, <a href="#li73">73</a>, <a href="#li328">328</a>, <a href="#li474">474</a>, <a href="#li716">716</a>, etc.&mdash;Comp.: driht-,
+seld-guma.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumcyn">gum-cyn</a>, st. n., <i>race of men, people, nation</i>: gen. sg.
+we synt gumcynnes Geáta leóde, <i>people from the nation of the
+Geátas</i>, <a href="#li260">260</a>; dat. pl. äfter gum-cynnum, <i>along the nations,
+among the nations</i>, <a href="#li945">945</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumcyst">gum-cyst</a>, st. f., <i>man's excellence, man's virtue</i>: acc.
+sg. (or pl.) gumcyste, <a href="#li1724">1724</a>; dat. pl. as adv., <i>excellently,
+preeminently</i>: gumcystum gôdne beága bryttan, <a href="#li1487">1487</a>; gumcystum gôd
+... hilde-hlemma (Beówulf), <a href="#li2544">2544</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumdreám">gum-dreám</a>, st. m., <i>joyous doings of men</i>: acc. sg.
+gum-dreám ofgeaf (died), <a href="#li2470">2470</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumdryhten">gum-dryhten</a>, st. m., <i>lord of men</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li1643">1643</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumfêtha">gum-fê&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>troop of men going on foot</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1402">1402</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumman">gum-man</a>, st. m., <i>man</i>: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, <a href="#li1029">1029</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgumstôl">gum-stôl</a>, st. m., <i>man's seat, &kappa;&alpha;&tau;' &#x1F10;&zeta;&omega;&chi;&#x1F75;&nu;, ruler's seat, throne</i>: dat. sg. in gumstôle, <a href="#li1953">1953</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûth">gû&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>combat, battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1124">1124</a>, <a href="#li1659">1659</a>, <a href="#li2484">2484</a>,
+<a href="#li2537">2537</a>; acc. sg. gû&eth;e, <a href="#li604">604</a>; instr. sg. gû&eth;e, <a href="#li1998">1998</a>; dat. sg. tô (ät)
+gû&eth;e, <a href="#li438">438</a>, <a href="#li1473">1473</a>. <a href="#li1536">1536</a>, <a href="#li2354">2354</a>, etc.; gen. sg. gû&eth;e, <a href="#li483">483</a>, <a href="#li527">527</a>, <a href="#li631">631</a>, etc.;
+dat. pl. gû&eth;um, <a href="#li1959">1959</a>, <a href="#li2179">2179</a>; gen. pl. gû&eth;a, <a href="#li2513">2513</a>, <a href="#li2544">2544</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthbeorn">gû&eth;-beorn</a>, st. m., <i>warrior</i>: gen. pl. gû&eth;-beorna sum
+(<i>the strand-guard on the Danish coast</i>), <a href="#li314">314</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthbil">gû&eth;-bil</a>, st. n., <i>battle-bill</i>: nom. sg. gû&eth;bill, <a href="#li2585">2585</a>;
+gen. pl. gû&eth;-billa nân, <a href="#li804">804</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthbyrne">gû&eth;-byrne</a>, w. f., <i>battle-corselet</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li321">321</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthcearu">gû&eth;-cearu</a>, st. f., <i>sorrow which the combat brings</i>: dat.
+sg. äfter gû&eth;-ceare, <a href="#li1259">1259</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthcräft">gû&eth;-cräft</a>, st. m., <i>warlike strength, power in battle</i>:
+nom. sg. Grendles gû&eth;-cräft, <a href="#li127">127</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthcyning">gû&eth;-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king in battle, king directing a
+battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li199">199</a>, <a href="#li1970">1970</a>, <a href="#li2336">2336</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthdeáth">gû&eth;-deá&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>death in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2250">2250</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthfloga">gû&eth;-floga</a>, w. m., <i>flying warrior</i>: acc. sg. wi&eth; &thorn;one
+gû&eth;flogan (the drake), <a href="#li2529">2529</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthfreca">gû&eth;-freca</a>, w. m., <i>hero in battle, warrior</i> (see freca):
+nom. sg. gearo gû&eth;-freca, of the drake, <a href="#li2415">2415</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthfremmend">gû&eth;-fremmend</a>, pres. part., <i>fighting a battle, warrior</i>:
+gen. pl. gû&eth;-fremmendra, <a href="#li246">246</a>; gû&eth;- (gôd-, MS.) fremmendra swylcum,
+<i>such a warrior</i> (meaning Beówulf), <a href="#li299">299</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthgewæde">gû&eth;-gewæde</a>, st. n., <i>battle-dress, armor</i>: nom. pl.
+gû&eth;-gewædo, <a href="#li227">227</a>; acc. pl. -gewædu, <a href="#li2618">2618</a>, <a href="#li2631">2631</a>(?), <a href="#li2852">2852</a>, <a href="#li2872">2872</a>; gen. pl.
+-gewæda, <a href="#li2624">2624</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthgeweorc">gû&eth;-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>battle-work warlike deed</i>: gen. pl.,
+-geweorca, <a href="#li679">679</a>, <a href="#li982">982</a>, <a href="#li1826">1826</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthgeatwe">gû&eth;-geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>equipment for combat</i>: acc. &thorn;â
+gû&eth;-geatwa (-getawa, MS.), <a href="#li2637">2637</a>; dat. in eówrum gû&eth;-geatawum, <a href="#li395">395</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthhelm">gû&eth;-helm</a>, st. m., <i>battle-helmet</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2488">2488</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthhorn">gû&eth;-horn</a>, st. n., <i>battle-horn</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1433">1433</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthhrêth">gû&eth;-hrê&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>battle-fame</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li820">820</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthleóth">gû&eth;-leó&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>battle-song</i>: acc., sg., <a href="#li1523">1523</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthmôd">gû&eth;-môd</a>, adj., <i>disposed to battle, having an inclination to
+battle</i>. nom. pl. gû&eth;-môde, <a href="#li306">306</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthræs">gû&eth;-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>storm of battle, attack</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2992">2992</a>; gen. pl. gû&eth;-ræsa, <a href="#li1578">1578</a>, <a href="#li2427">2427</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthreów">gû&eth;-reów</a>, adj., <i>fierce in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li58">58</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthrinc">gû&eth;-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>man of battle, fighter, warrior</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li839">839</a>, <a href="#li1119">1119</a>, <a href="#li1882">1882</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li1502">1502</a>; gen. pl. gû&eth;-rinca, <a href="#li2649">2649</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthrôf">gû&eth;-rôf</a>, adj., <i>renowned in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li609">609</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthsceatha">gû&eth;-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>battle-foe, enemy in combat</i>: nom.
+sg., of the drake, <a href="#li2319">2319</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthscearu">gû&eth;-scearu</a>, st. f., <i>decision of the battle</i>: dat. sg.
+äfter gû&eth;-sceare, <a href="#li1214">1214</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthsele">gû&eth;-sele</a>, st. m., <i>battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes
+place</i>: dat sg. in &thorn;äm gû&eth;sele (in Heorot), <a href="#li443">443</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthsearo">gû&eth;-searo</a>, st. n. pl., <i>battle-equipment, armor</i>; acc.,
+<a href="#li215">215</a>, <a href="#li328">328</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthsweord">gû&eth;-sweord</a>, st. n., <i>battle-sword</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2155">2155</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthwêrig">gû&eth;-wêrig</a>, adj., <i>wearied by battle dead</i>: acc. sg.
+gû&eth;-wêrigne Grendel, <a href="#li1587">1587</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthwine">gû&eth;-wine</a>, st. m., <i>battle-friend, comrade in battle</i>
+designation of the sword: acc. sg., <a href="#li1811">1811</a>; instr. pl. &thorn;e mec gû&eth;-winum
+grêtan dorste, <i>who dared to attack me with his war-friends</i>,
+<a href="#li2736">2736</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthwîga">gû&eth;-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>fighter of battles, warrior</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2112">2112</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyd">gyd</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgid">gid</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyfan">gyfan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgifan">gifan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyldan">gyldan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgildan">gildan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgylden">gylden</a>, adj., <i>golden</i>: nom. sg. gylden hilt, <a href="#li1678">1678</a>; acc.
+sg. segen gyldenne, <a href="#li47">47</a>, <a href="#li1022">1022</a>; bring gyldenne, <a href="#li2810">2810</a>; dat. sg. under
+gyldnum beáge, <a href="#li1164">1164</a>.&mdash;Comp. eal-gylden.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgylp">gylp</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgilp">gilp</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyrdan">gyrdan</a>, w. v., <i>to gird, to lace</i>: pret. part. gyrded
+cempa, <i>the (sword-) girt warrior</i>, <a href="#li2079">2079</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyrn">gyrn</a>, st. n., <i>sorrow, harm</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1776">1776</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyrnwracu">gyrn-wracu</a>, st. f., <i>revenge for harm</i>: dat. sg. tô
+gyrn-wräce, <a href="#li1139">1139</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;â wäs eft hra&eth;e gearo gyrn-wräce Grendeles
+môdor, <i>then was Grendel's mother in turn immediately ready for
+revenge for the injury</i>, <a href="#li2119">2119</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyrwan">gyrwan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgerwan">gerwan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgystran">gystran</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgistran">gistran</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgýman">gýman</a>, w. v. w. gen., <i>to take care of, to be careful
+about</i>: pres. III. gýme&eth;, <a href="#li1758">1758</a>, <a href="#li2452">2452</a>; imp. sg. oferhyda ne gým!
+<i>do not study arrogance</i> (despise it), <a href="#li1761">1761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforgýman">for-gýman</a>, w. acc., <i>to neglect, to slight</i>: pres. sg.
+III. he &thorn;â for&eth;-gesceaft forgyte&eth; and forgýme&eth;, <a href="#li1752">1752</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgýtsian">gýtsian</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgîtsian">gîtsian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgyt">gyt</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgit">git</a>.</p>
+
+<p><b><a name="glossH">H</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhabban">habban</a>, w. v., <i>to have</i>: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. I. &thorn;äs ic
+ wên häbbe (<i>as I hope</i>), <a href="#li383">383</a>; &thorn;e ic geweald häbbe, <a href="#li951">951</a>; ic me on
+ hafu bord and byrnan, <i>have on me shield and coat of mail</i>,
+ <a href="#li2525">2525</a>; hafo, <a href="#li3001">3001</a>; sg. II. &thorn;u nu [fri&eth;u] hafast, <a href="#li1175">1175</a>; pl. I. habba&eth;
+ we ... micel ærende, <a href="#li270">270</a>; pres. subj. sg. III. &thorn;ät he &thorn;rittiges manna
+ mägencräft on his mundgripe häbbe, <a href="#li381">381</a>. Blended with the negative:
+ pl. III. &thorn;ät be Sæ-Geátas sêlran näbben tô geceósenne cyning ænigne,
+ <i>that the Sea-Geátas will have no better king than you to
+ choose</i>, <a href="#li1851">1851</a>; imp. hafa nu and geheald hûsa sêlest, <a href="#li659">659</a>; inf.
+ habban, <a href="#li446">446</a>, <a href="#li462">462</a>, <a href="#li3018">3018</a>; pret. sg. häfde, <a href="#li79">79</a>, <a href="#li518">518</a>, <a href="#li554">554</a>; pl. häfdon,
+ <a href="#li539">539</a>.&mdash;2) used as an auxiliary with the pret. part.: pres. sg. I.
+ häbbe ic ... ongunnen, <a href="#li408">408</a>; häbbe ic ... geâhsod, <a href="#li433">433</a>; II. hafast,
+ <a href="#li954">954</a>, <a href="#li1856">1856</a>; III. hafa&eth;, <a href="#li474">474</a>, <a href="#li596">596</a>; pret. sg. häfde, <a href="#li106">106</a>, <a href="#li220">220</a>, <a href="#li666">666</a>,
+ <a href="#li2322">2322</a>, <a href="#li2334">2334</a>, <a href="#li2953">2953</a>, etc.; pl. häfdon, <a href="#li117">117</a>, <a href="#li695">695</a>, <a href="#li884">884</a>, <a href="#li2382">2382</a>, etc. Pret.
+ part. inflected: nu scealc hafa&eth; dæd gefremede, <a href="#li940">940</a>; häfde se gôda
+ ... cempan gecorone, <a href="#li205">205</a>. With the pres. part. are formed the
+ compounds: bord-, rond-häbbend.</p>
+
+<p>for-habban, <i>to hold back, to keep one's self</i>: inf. ne meahte
+wäfre môd forhabban in hre&eth;re, <i>the expiring life could not hold
+itself back in the breast</i>, <a href="#li1152">1152</a>; ne mihte &thorn;â for-habban, <i>could
+not restrain himself</i>, <a href="#li2610">2610</a>.</p>
+
+<p>wi&eth;-habban, <i>to resist, to offer resistance</i>: pret. &thorn;ät se
+wînsele wi&eth;-häfde hea&eth;o-deórum, <i>that the hall resisted them furious
+in fight</i>, <a href="#li773">773</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhafela">hafela, heafola</a>, w. m., <i>head</i>: acc. sg. hafelan, <a href="#li1373">1373</a>,
+<a href="#li1422">1422</a>, <a href="#li1615">1615</a>, <a href="#li1636">1636</a>, <a href="#li1781">1781</a>; nâ &thorn;u mînne &thorn;earft hafalan hýdan, <a href="#li446">446</a>; &thorn;onne
+we on orlege hafelan weredon, <i>protected our heads, defended
+ourselves</i>, <a href="#li1328">1328</a>; se hwîta helm hafelan werede, <a href="#li1449">1449</a>; dat. sg.
+hafelan, <a href="#li673">673</a>, <a href="#li1522">1522</a>; heafolan, <a href="#li2680">2680</a>; gen. sg. heafolan, <a href="#li2698">2698</a>; nom. pl.
+hafelan, <a href="#li1121">1121</a>.&mdash;Comp. wîg-heafola.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhafenian">hafenian</a>, w. v., <i>to raise, to uplift</i>: pret. sg. wæpen
+hafenade heard be hiltum, <i>raised the weapon, the strong man, by the
+hilt</i>, <a href="#li1574">1574</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhafoc">hafoc</a>, st. m., <i>hawk</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2264">2264</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhaga">haga</a>, w. m., <i>enclosed piece of ground, hedge,
+farm-enclosure</i>: dat. sg. tô hagan, <a href="#li2893">2893</a>, <a href="#li2961">2961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhaga">haga</a>, w. m. See <a class="glentry" href="#glânhaga">ân-haga</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhama">hama, homa</a>, w. m., <i>dress</i>: in the comp. flæsc-, fyrd-,
+lîc-hama, scîr-ham (adj.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhamer">hamer</a>, st. m., <i>hammer</i>: instr. sg. hamere, <a href="#li1286">1286</a>; gen. pl.
+homera lâfe (swords), <a href="#li2830">2830</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhand">hand, hond</a>, st. f., <i>hand</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li2138">2138</a>; sió swî&eth;re ...
+hand, <i>the right hand</i>, <a href="#li2100">2100</a>; hond, <a href="#li1521">1521</a>, <a href="#li2489">2489</a>, <a href="#li2510">2510</a>; acc. sg.
+hand, <a href="#li558">558</a>, <a href="#li984">984</a>; hond, <a href="#li657">657</a>, <a href="#li687">687</a>, <a href="#li835">835</a>, <a href="#li928">928</a>, etc.; dat. sg. on handa,
+<a href="#li495">495</a>, <a href="#li540">540</a>; mid handa, <a href="#li747">747</a>, <a href="#li2721">2721</a>; be honda, <a href="#li815">815</a>; dat. pl. (as instr.)
+hondum, <a href="#li1444">1444</a>, <a href="#li2841">2841</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandbana">hand-bana</a>, w. m., <i>murderer with the hand</i>, or <i>in
+hand-to-hand combat</i>: dat. sg. tô hand-bonan (-banan), <a href="#li460">460</a>, <a href="#li1331">1331</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandgemôt">hand-gemôt</a>, st. n., <i>hand-to-hand conflict, battle</i>: gen.
+pl. (ecg) &thorn;olode ær fela hand-gemôta, <a href="#li1527">1527</a>; nô &thorn;ät läsest wäs
+hond-gemôta, <a href="#li2356">2356</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandgesella">hand-gesella</a>, w. m., <i>hand-companion, man of the retinue</i>:
+dat. pl. hond-gesellum, <a href="#li1482">1482</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandgestealla">hand-gestealla</a>, w. m., <i>(one whose position is near at hand),
+comrade, companion, attendant</i>: dat. sg. hond-gesteallan, <a href="#li2170">2170</a>;
+nom. pl. hand-gesteallan, <a href="#li2597">2597</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandgeweorc">hand-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>work done with the hands</i>, i.e.
+achievement in battle: dat. sg. for &thorn;äs hild-fruman hondgeweorce,
+<a href="#li2836">2836</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandgewrithen">hand-gewri&eth;en</a>, pret. part. <i>hand-wreathed, bound with the
+hand.</i> acc. pl. wälbende ... hand-gewri&eth;ene, <a href="#li1938">1938</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandlocen">hand-locen</a>, pret. part., <i>joined, united by hand</i>: nom.
+sg. (gû&eth;-byrne, lîc-syrce) hondlocen (because the shirts of mail
+consisted of interlaced rings), <a href="#li322">322</a>, <a href="#li551">551</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandræs">hand-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>hand-battle</i>, i.e. combat with the
+hands: nom. sg. hond-ræs, <a href="#li2073">2073</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandscalu">hand-scalu</a>, st. f., <i>hand-attendance, retinue</i>: dat. sg.
+mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), <a href="#li1318">1318</a>, <a href="#li1964">1964</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandsporu">hand-sporu</a>, st. f., <i>finger</i> (on Grendel's hand), under
+the figure of a spear: nom. pl. hand-sporu, <a href="#li987">987</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhandwundor">hand-wundor</a>, st. n., <i>wonder done by the hand, wonderful
+handwork</i>: gen. pl. hond-wundra mæst, <a href="#li2769">2769</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhangan">hangan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhôn">hôn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhangian">hangian</a>, w. v., <i>to hang</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;onne his sunu
+hanga&eth; hrefne to hrô&eth;re, <i>when his son hangs, a joy to the
+ravens</i>, <a href="#li2448">2448</a>; pl. III. ofer &thorn;äm (mere) hongia&eth; hrîmge bearwas,
+<i>over which frosty forests hang</i>, <a href="#li1364">1364</a>; inf. hangian, <a href="#li1663">1663</a>; pret.
+hangode, <i>hung down</i>, <a href="#li2086">2086</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhatian">hatian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to hate, to be an enemy to, to
+hurt</i>: inf. he &thorn;one hea&eth;o-rinc hatian ne meahte lâ&eth;um dædum
+(<i>could not do him any harm</i>), <a href="#li2467">2467</a>; pret. sg. hû se gû&eth;-scea&eth;a
+Geáta leóde hatode and hýnde, <a href="#li2320">2320</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâd">hâd</a>, st. m., <i>form, condition, position, manner</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;urh hæstne hâd, <i>in a powerful manner</i>, <a href="#li1336">1336</a>; on gesî&eth;es hâd,
+<i>in the position of follower, as follower</i>, <a href="#li1298">1298</a>; on sweordes
+hâd, <i>in the form of a sword</i>, <a href="#li2194">2194</a>. See under <a class="glentry" href="#glon">on</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâdor">hâdor</a>, st. m., <i>clearness, brightness</i>: acc. sg. under
+heofenes hâdor, <a href="#li414">414</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâdor">hâdor</a>, adj., <i>clear, fresh, loud</i>: nom. sg. scop hwîlum
+sang hâdor on Heorote, <a href="#li497">497</a>.</p>
+
+<p>hâdre, adv., <i>clearly, brightly</i>, <a href="#li1572">1572</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâl">hâl</a>, adj., <i>hale, whole, sound, unhurt</i>: nom. sg. hâl,
+<a href="#li300">300</a>. With gen. hea&eth;o-lâces hâl, <i>safe from battle</i>, <a href="#li1975">1975</a>. As form
+of salutation, wes ... hâl, <a href="#li407">407</a>; dat. sg. hâlan lîce, <a href="#li1504">1504</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâlig">hâlig</a>, adj., <i>holy</i>: nom. sg. hâlig god, <a href="#li381">381</a>, <a href="#li1554">1554</a>; hâlig
+dryhten, <a href="#li687">687</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâm">hâm</a>, st. m., <i>home, residence, estate, land</i>: acc. sg.
+hâm, <a href="#li1408">1408</a>; Hrô&eth;gâres hâm, <a href="#li718">718</a>. Usually in adverbial sense: gewât him
+hâm, <i>betook himself home</i>, <a href="#li1602">1602</a>; tô hâm, <a href="#li124">124</a>, <a href="#li374">374</a>, <a href="#li2993">2993</a>; fram
+hâm, <i>at home</i>, <a href="#li194">194</a>; ät hâm, <i>at home</i>, <a href="#li1249">1249</a>, <a href="#li1924">1924</a>, <a href="#li1157">1157</a>;
+gen. sg. hâmes, <a href="#li2367">2367</a>; acc. pl. hâmas, <a href="#li1128">1128</a>.&mdash;Comp. Finnes-hâm, <a href="#li1157">1157</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâmweorthung">hâm-weor&eth;ung</a>, st. f., <i>honor</i> or <i>ornament of home</i>:
+acc. sg. hâm-weor&eth;unge (designation of the daughter of Hygelâc, given
+in marriage to Eofor), <a href="#li2999">2999</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâr">hâr</a>, adj., <i>gray</i>: nom. sg. hâr hilde-rinc, <a href="#li1308">1308</a>, <a href="#li3137">3137</a>;
+acc. sg. under (ofer) hârne stân, <a href="#li888">888</a>, <a href="#li1416">1416</a>, <a href="#li2554">2554</a>; hâre byrnan (i.e.
+iron shirt of mail), <a href="#li2154">2154</a>; dat. sg. hârum hildfruman, <a href="#li1679">1679</a>; f. on
+heáre hæ&eth;e (on heaw ... h ... &eth;e, MS.), <a href="#li2213">2213</a>; gen. sg. hâres, <i>of
+the old man</i>, <a href="#li2989">2989</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-hâr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhât">hât</a>, adj., <i>hot, glowing, flaming</i> nom sg., <a href="#li1617">1617</a>, <a href="#li2297">2297</a>,
+<a href="#li2548">2548</a>, <a href="#li2559">2559</a>, etc.; wyrm hât gemealt, <i>the drake hot</i> (of his own
+heat) <i>melted</i>, <a href="#li898">898</a>; acc. sg., 2282(?); inst. sg. hâtan heolfre,
+<a href="#li850">850</a>, <a href="#li1424">1424</a>; g. sg. hea&eth;u-fýres hâtes, <a href="#li2523">2523</a>; acc. pl. hâte hea&eth;o-wylmas,
+<a href="#li2820">2820</a>.&mdash;Sup.: hâtost hea&eth;o-swâta, <a href="#li1669">1669</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhât">hât</a>, st. n., <i>heat, fire</i>: acc. sg. geseah his mondryhten
+... hât &thorn;rowian, <i>saw his lord endure the</i> (drake's) <i>heat</i>,
+<a href="#li2606">2606</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhata">hata</a>, w. m., <i>persecutor</i>; in comp. dæd-hata.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâtan">hâtan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to bid, to order, to direct</i>, with acc.
+and inf., and acc. of the person: pres. sg. I. ic magu&thorn;egnas mîne hâte
+... flotan eówerne ârum healdan, <i>I bid my thanes take good care of
+your craft</i>, <a href="#li293">293</a>; imp. sg. II. hât in gân ... sibbegedriht, <a href="#li386">386</a>;
+pl. II. hâta&eth; hea&eth;o-mære hlæw gewyrcean, <a href="#li2803">2803</a>; inf. &thorn;ät healreced
+hâtan wolde ... men gewyrcean, <i>that he wished to command men to
+build a hall-edifice</i>, <a href="#li68">68</a>. Pret. sg. hêht: hêht ... eahta mearas
+... on flet teón, <i>gave command to bring eight horses into the
+hall</i>, <a href="#li1036">1036</a>; &thorn;onne ænne hêht golde forgyldan, <i>commanded to make
+good that one with gold</i>, <a href="#li1054">1054</a>; hêht &thorn;â &thorn;ät hea&eth;o-weorc tô hagan
+biódan, <i>ordered the combat to be announced at the hedge</i>(?),
+<a href="#li2893">2893</a>; swâ se snottra hêht, <i>as the wise</i> (Hrô&eth;gâr)
+<i>directed</i>, <a href="#li1787">1787</a>; so, <a href="#li1808">1808</a>, <a href="#li1809">1809</a>. hêt: hêt him ý&eth;lidan gôdne
+gegyrwan, <i>ordered a good vessel to be prepared for him</i>, <a href="#li198">198</a>;
+so, hêt, <a href="#li391">391</a>, <a href="#li1115">1115</a>, <a href="#li3111">3111</a>. As the form of a wish: hêt hine wel brûcan,
+<a href="#li1064">1064</a>; so, <a href="#li2813">2813</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs hâten hra&eth;e Heort innan-weard
+folmum gefrätwod, <i>forthwith was ordered Heorot, adorned by
+hand on the inside</i> (i.e. that the edifice should be adorned by
+hand on the inside), <a href="#li992">992</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to name, to call</i>: pres. subj.
+III. pl. &thorn;ät hit sælî&eth;end ... hâtan Biówulfes biorh, <i>that mariners
+may call it Beówulf's grave-mound</i>, <a href="#li2807">2807</a>; pret. part. wäs se grimma
+gäst Grendel hâten, <a href="#li102">102</a>; so, <a href="#li263">263</a>, <a href="#li373">373</a>, <a href="#li2603">2603</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hâtan, <i>to promise, to give one's word, to vow, to threaten</i>:
+pres. sg. I. ic hit &thorn;e gehâte, <a href="#li1393">1393</a>; so, <a href="#li1672">1672</a>; pret. sg. he me mêde
+gehêt, <i>promised me reward</i>, <a href="#li2135">2135</a>; him fägre gehêt leána (gen.
+pl.), <i>promised them proper reward</i>, <a href="#li2990">2990</a>; weán oft gehêt earmre
+teohhe, <i>with woe often threatened the unhappy band</i>, <a href="#li2938">2938</a>; pret.
+pl. gehêton ät härgtrafum wig-weor&eth;unga, <i>vowed offerings at the
+shrines of the gods</i>, <a href="#li175">175</a>; &thorn;onne we gehêton ûssum hlâforde &thorn;ät ...,
+<i>when we promised our lord that</i>..., <a href="#li2635">2635</a>; pret. part. sió
+gehâten [wäs] ... gladum suna Frôdan, <i>betrothed to the glad son of
+Froda</i>, <a href="#li2025">2025</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhâtor">hâtor</a>, st. m. n., <i>heat</i>: in comp. and-hâtor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhäft">häft</a>, adj., <i>held, bound, fettered</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2409">2409</a>; acc.
+sg. helle häftan, <i>him fettered by hell</i> (Grendel), <a href="#li789">789</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhäftmêce">häft-mêce</a>, st. m., <i>sword with fetters</i> or <i>chains</i>
+(cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glfetelhilt">fetel-hilt</a>): dat. sg. &thorn;äm häft-mêce, <a href="#li1458">1458</a>.
+See <a href="#note1458">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhägsteald">häg-steald</a>, st. m., <i>man, liegeman, youth</i>: gen. pl.
+häg-stealdra, <a href="#li1890">1890</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhäle">häle</a>, st. m., <i>man</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1647">1647</a>, <a href="#li1817">1817</a>, <a href="#li3112">3112</a>; acc. sg.
+häle, <a href="#li720">720</a>; dat. pl. hælum (hænum, MS.), <a href="#li1984">1984</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhäleth">häle&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>hero, fighter, warrior, man</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li190">190</a>, <a href="#li331">331</a>, <a href="#li1070">1070</a>; nom. pl. häle&eth;, <a href="#li52">52</a>, <a href="#li2248">2248</a>, <a href="#li2459">2459</a>, <a href="#li3143">3143</a>; dat. pl. häle&eth;um
+<a href="#li1710">1710</a>, <a href="#li1962">1962</a>, etc.; gen. pl. häle&eth;a, <a href="#li467">467</a>, <a href="#li497">497</a>, <a href="#li612">612</a>, <a href="#li663">663</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhärg">härg</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhearg">hearg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhæth">hæ&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>heath</i>: dat. sg. hæ&eth;e, <a href="#li2213">2213</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhæthen">hæ&eth;en</a>, adj., <i>heathenish</i>; acc. sg. hæ&eth;ene sâwle, <a href="#li853">853</a>;
+dat. sg. hæ&eth;num horde, <a href="#li2217">2217</a>; gen. sg. hæ&eth;enes, <i>of the heathen</i>
+(Grendel), <a href="#li987">987</a>; gen. pl. hæ&eth;enra, <a href="#li179">179</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhæthstapa">hæ&eth;-stapa</a>, w. m., <i>that which goes about on the heath</i>
+(stag): nom. sg., 1369</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhæl">hæl</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>health, welfare, luck</i>: acc. sg. him hæl
+âbeád, <a href="#li654">654</a>; mid hæle, <a href="#li1218">1218</a>.&mdash;2) <i>favorable sign, favorable omen</i>:
+hæl sceáwedon, <i>observed favorable signs</i> (for Beówulf's
+undertaking), <a href="#li204">204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhælo">hælo</a>, st. f., <i>health, welfare, luck</i>: acc. sg. hælo âbeád
+heor&eth;-geneátum, <a href="#li2419">2419</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-hælo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhæst">hæst</a> (O.H.G. haisterâ hantî, manu violenta; heist, ira;
+heistigo, iracunde), adj., <i>violent, vehement</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh
+hæstne hâd, <a href="#li1336">1336</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhe">he</a>, fem. heó, neut. hit, pers. pron., <i>he, she, it</i>; in
+the oblique cases also reflexive, <i>himself, herself, itself</i>:
+acc. sg. hine, hî, hit; dat. sg. him, hire, him; gen. sg. his, hire,
+his; plur. acc. nom. hî, hig, hie; dat. him; gen. hira, heora, hiera,
+hiora.&mdash;he omitted before the verb, <a href="#li68">68</a>, <a href="#li300">300</a>, <a href="#li2309">2309</a>, <a href="#li2345">2345</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhebban">hebban</a>, st. v., <i>to raise, to lift</i>, w. acc.: inf. si&eth;&eth;an
+ic hond and rond hebban mihte, <a href="#li657">657</a>; pret. part. hafen, <a href="#li1291">1291</a>; häfen,
+<a href="#li3024">3024</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-hebban, <i>raise, to lift from, to take away</i>: wäs ... icge gold
+âhafen of horde, <i>taken up from the hoard</i>, <a href="#li1109">1109</a>; &thorn;â wäs ... wôp
+up âhafen, <i>a cry of distress raised</i>, 128</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehegan">hegan</a> [ge-hêgan], w. v., <i>to enclose, to fence</i>: &thorn;ing
+gehegan, <i>to mark off the court, hold court</i>. Here figurative:
+inf. sceal ... âna gehegan &thorn;ing wi&eth; &thorn;yrse (<i>shall alone decide the
+matter with Grendel</i>), <a href="#li425">425</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhel">hel</a>, st. f., <i>hell</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li853">853</a>; acc. sg. helle, <a href="#li179">179</a>;
+dat. sg. helle, <a href="#li101">101</a>, <a href="#li589">589</a>; (as instr.), <a href="#li789">789</a>; gen. sg. helle, <a href="#li1275">1275</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelbend">hel-bend</a>, st. m. f. <i>bond of hell</i>: instr. pl. hell-bendum
+fäst, <a href="#li3073">3073</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelrûna">hel-rûna</a>, w. m., <i>sorcerer</i>: nom. pl. helrûnan, <a href="#li163">163</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbehelan">helan</a>, st. v., <i>to conceal, to hide</i>: pret. part.
+be-holen, <a href="#li414">414</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelm">helm</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>protection in general, defence, covering
+that protects</i>: acc. sg. on helm, <a href="#li1393">1393</a>; under helm, <a href="#li1746">1746</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>helmet</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1630">1630</a>; acc. sg. helm, <a href="#li673">673</a>, <a href="#li1023">1023</a>, <a href="#li1527">1527</a>, <a href="#li2988">2988</a>;
+(helo, MS.), <a href="#li2724">2724</a>; brûn-fâgne, gold-fâhne helm, <a href="#li2616">2616</a>, <a href="#li2812">2812</a>; dat. sg.
+under helme, <a href="#li342">342</a>, <a href="#li404">404</a>; gen. sg. helmes, <a href="#li1031">1031</a>; acc. pl. helmas, <a href="#li240">240</a>,
+<a href="#li2639">2639</a>.&mdash;3) <i>defence, protector</i>, designation of the king: nom. sg.
+helm Scyldinga (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li371">371</a>, <a href="#li456">456</a>, <a href="#li1322">1322</a>; acc. sg. heofena helm
+<i>(the defender of the heavens</i> = God), <a href="#li182">182</a>; helm Scylfinga,
+<a href="#li2382">2382</a>.&mdash;Comp.: grîm-, gû&eth;-, hea&eth;o-, niht-helm.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-<a class="glentry" name="gloferhelmian">helmian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to cover over, to overhang</i>:
+pres. sg. III. ofer-helma&eth;, <a href="#li1365">1365</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelmberend">helm-berend</a>, pres. part., <i>helm-wearing</i> (warrior): acc.
+pl. helmberend, <a href="#li2518">2518</a>, <a href="#li2643">2643</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelpan">helpan</a>, st. v., <i>to help</i>: inf. &thorn;ät him holt-wudu helpan
+ne meahte, lind wi&eth; lîge, <i>that a wooden shield could not help him,
+a linden shield against flame</i>, <a href="#li2341">2341</a>; &thorn;ät him îrenna ecge mihton
+helpan ät hilde, <a href="#li2685">2685</a>; wutun gangan to, helpan hildfruman, <i>let us
+go thitherto help the battle-chief</i>, <a href="#li2650">2650</a>; w. gen. ongan ... mæges
+helpan, <i>began to help my kinsman</i>, <a href="#li2880">2880</a>; so, pret. sg. &thorn;ær he
+his mæges (MS. mägenes) healp, <a href="#li2699">2699</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhelp">help</a>, m. and f., <i>help, support, maintenance</i>: acc. sg.
+helpe, <a href="#li551">551</a>, <a href="#li1553">1553</a>; dat. sg. tô helpe, <a href="#li1831">1831</a>; acc. sg. helpe, <a href="#li2449">2449</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhende">hende</a>, <i>-handed</i>: in comp. îdel-hende.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glher">her</a>, adv., <i>here</i>, <a href="#li397">397</a>, <a href="#li1062">1062</a>, <a href="#li1229">1229</a>, <a href="#li1655">1655</a>, <a href="#li1821">1821</a>, <a href="#li2054">2054</a>,
+<a href="#li2797">2797</a>, etc.; <i>hither</i>, <a href="#li244">244</a>, <a href="#li361">361</a>, <a href="#li376">376</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhere">here</a> (Goth, harji-s), st. m., <i>army, troops</i>: dat. sg. on
+herge, <i>in the army, on a warlike expedition, <a href="#li1249">1249</a>; in the army,
+among the fighting men</i>, <a href="#li2639">2639</a>; as instr. herge, <a href="#li2348">2348</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+flot-, scip-, sin-here.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherebrôga">here-brôga</a>, w. m., <i>terror of the army, fear of war</i>: dat.
+sg. for here-brôgan, <a href="#li462">462</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherebyrne">here-byrne</a>, w. f., <i>battle-mail, coat of mail</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1444">1444</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheregrîma">here-grîma</a>, w. m., <i>battle-mask</i>, i.e. helmet (with
+visor): dat. sg. -grîman, <a href="#li396">396</a>, <a href="#li2050">2050</a>, <a href="#li2606">2606</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherenet">here-net</a>, st. n., <i>battle-net</i>, i.e. coat of mail (of
+interlaced rings): nom. sg., <a href="#li1554">1554</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherenîth">here-nî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>battle-enmity, battle of armies</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2475">2475</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherepâd">here-pâd</a>, st. f., <i>army-dress</i>, i.e. coat of mail, armor:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li2259">2259</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhererinc">here-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>army-hero, hero in battle, warrior</i>:
+acc. sg. here-rinc (MS. here ric), <a href="#li1177">1177</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheresceaft">here-sceaft</a>, st. m., <i>battle-shaft</i>, i.e. spear: gen. pl.
+here-sceafta heáp, <a href="#li335">335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherespêd">here-spêd</a>, st. f., <i>(war-speed), luck in war</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li64">64</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherestræl">here-stræl</a>, st. m., <i>war-arrow, missile</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1436">1436</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheresyrce">here-syrce</a>, w. f., <i>battle-shirt, shirt of mail</i>: acc. sg.
+here-syrcan, <a href="#li1512">1512</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherewæd">here-wæd</a>, st. f., <i>army-dress, coat of mail, armor</i>: dat.
+pl. (as instr.) here-wædum, <a href="#li1898">1898</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherewæsma">here-wæsma</a>, w. m., <i>war-might, fierce strength in battle</i>:
+dat. pl. an here-wæsmum, <a href="#li678">678</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherewîsa">here-wîsa</a>, w. m., <i>leader of the army</i>, i.e. ruler, king:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li3021">3021</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherg">herg, hearg</a>, st. m., <i>image of a god, grove where a god was
+worshipped</i>, hence to the Christian a wicked place(?): dat. pl.
+hergum gehea&eth;erod, <i>confined in wicked places</i> (parallel with
+hell-bendum fäst), <a href="#li3073">3073</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glherigean">herigean</a>, w. v. w. dat. of pers., <i>to provide with an army,
+to support with an army</i>: pres. sg. I. ic &thorn;e wel herige,
+<a href="#li1834">1834</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhete">hete</a>, st. m., <i>hate, enmity</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li142">142</a>, <a href="#li2555">2555</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+ecg-, mor&eth;or-, wîg-hete.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhetelîc">hete-lîc</a>, adj., <i>hated</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1268">1268</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhetend">hetend, hettend</a>, (pres. part. of hetan, see <a class="glentry" href="#glhatian">hatian</a>),
+<i>enemy</i>, hostis: nom. pl. hetende, <a href="#li1829">1829</a>; dat. pl. wi&eth; hettendum,
+<a href="#li3005">3005</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhetenîth">hete-nî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>enmity full of hate</i>: acc. pl.
+hete-nî&eth;as, <a href="#li152">152</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhetesweng">hete-sweng</a>, st. m., <i>a blow from hate</i>: acc. pl.
+hete-swengeas, <a href="#li2226">2226</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhetethanc">hete-&thorn;anc</a>, st. m., <i>hate-thought, a hostile design</i>: dat.
+pl. mid his hete-&thorn;ancum, <a href="#li475">475</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhêdan">hêdan, ge-hêdan</a>, w. v. w. gen.: 1) <i>to protect</i>: pret. sg.
+ne hêdde he &thorn;äs heafolan, <i>did not protect his head</i>, <a href="#li2698">2698</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to obtain</i>: subj. pret. sg. III. gehêdde, <a href="#li505">505</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhêrian">hêrian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to praise, to commend</i>: with
+reference to God, <i>to adore</i>: inf. heofena helm hêrian ne cû&eth;on,
+<i>could not worship the defence of the heavens</i> (God), <a href="#li182">182</a>; ne
+hûru Hildeburh hêrian &thorn;orfte Eotena treówe, <i>had no need to praise
+the fidelity of the Eotens</i>, <a href="#li1072">1072</a>; pres. subj. &thorn;ät mon his
+wine-dryhten wordum hêrge, <a href="#li3177">3177</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeheatherian">hea&eth;erian</a>, w. v., <i>to force, to press in</i>: pret. part.
+ge-hea&eth;erod, <a href="#li3073">3073</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathobyrne">hea&eth;o-byrne</a>, w. f., <i>battle-mail, shirt of mail</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1553">1553</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathodeór">hea&eth;o-deór</a>, adj., <i>bold in battle, brave</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li689">689</a>;
+dat. pl. hea&eth;o-deórum, <a href="#li773">773</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathofyr">hea&eth;o-fyr</a>, st. n., <i>battle-fire, hostile fire</i>: gen. sg.
+hea&eth;u-fýres, <a href="#li2523">2523</a>; instr. pl. hea&eth;o-fýrum, <a href="#li2548">2548</a>, of the drake's
+fire-spewing.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathogrim">hea&eth;o-grim</a>, adj., <i>grim in battle</i>, <a href="#li548">548</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathohelm">hea&eth;o-helm</a>, st. m., <i>battle-helmet, war-helmet</i>: nom. sg.,
+3157(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheatholâc">hea&eth;o-lâc</a>, st. n., <i>battle-play, battle</i>: dat. sg. ät
+hea&eth;o-lâce, <a href="#li584">584</a>; gen. sg. hea&eth;o-lâces hâl, <a href="#li1975">1975</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathomære">hea&eth;o-mære</a>, adj., <i>renowned in battle</i>: acc. pl. -mære,
+<a href="#li2803">2803</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoræs">hea&eth;o-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>storm of battle, attack in battle,
+entrance by force</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li557">557</a>; acc. pl. -ræsas, <a href="#li1048">1048</a>; gen. pl.
+-ræsa, <a href="#li526">526</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoreáf">hea&eth;o-reáf</a>, st. n., <i>battle-dress, equipment for battle</i>:
+acc. sg. hea&eth;o-reáf heóldon (<i>kept the equipments</i>), <a href="#li401">401</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathorinc">hea&eth;o-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>battle-hero, warrior</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one
+hea&eth;o-rinc (Hrê&eth;el's son, Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2467">2467</a>; dat. pl. &thorn;æm hea&eth;o-rincum,
+<a href="#li370">370</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathorôf">hea&eth;o-rôf</a>, adj., <i>renowned in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li381">381</a>; nom.
+pl. hea&eth;o-rôfe, <a href="#li865">865</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoscearp">hea&eth;o-scearp</a>, adj., <i>sharp in battle, bold</i>: n. m. pl.
+(-scearde, MS.), <a href="#li2830">2830</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoseóc">hea&eth;o-seóc</a>, adj., <i>battle-sick</i>: dat. sg. -siócum, <a href="#li2755">2755</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathosteáp">hea&eth;o-steáp</a>, adj., <i>high in battle, excelling in battle</i>:
+nom. sg. in weak form, hea&eth;o-steápa, <a href="#li1246">1246</a>; acc. sg. hea&eth;o-steápne,
+<a href="#li2154">2154</a>, both times of the helmet.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoswât">hea&eth;o-swât</a>, st. m., <i>blood of battle</i>: dat. sg.
+hea&eth;o-swâte, <a href="#li1607">1607</a>; as instr., <a href="#li1461">1461</a>; gen. pl. hâtost hea&eth;o-swâta, <a href="#li1669">1669</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathosweng">hea&eth;o-sweng</a>, st. m., <i>battle-stroke</i> (blow of the sword):
+dat. sg. äfter hea&eth;u-swenge, <a href="#li2582">2582</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathotorht">hea&eth;o-torht</a>, adj., <i>loud, clear in battle</i>: nom. sg. stefn
+... hea&eth;o-torht, <i>the voice clear in battle</i>, <a href="#li2554">2554</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathowæd">hea&eth;o-wæd</a>, st. f., <i>battle-dress, coat of mail, armor</i>:
+instr. pl. hea&eth;o-wædum, <a href="#li39">39</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathoweorc">hea&eth;o-weorc</a>, st. n., <i>battle-work, battle</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2893">2893</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathowylm">hea&eth;o-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>hostile (flame-) wave</i>: acc. pl. hâte
+hea&eth;o-wylmas, <a href="#li2820">2820</a>; gen. pl. hea&eth;o-wylma, <a href="#li82">82</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheaf">heaf</a>, st. n., <i>sea</i>: acc. pl. ofer heafo, <a href="#li2478">2478</a>. See <a href="note1863">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheafola">heafola</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhafela">hafela</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheal">heal</a>, st. f., <i>hall, main apartment, large building</i>
+(consisting of an assembly-hall and a banqueting-hall): nom. sg. heal,
+<a href="#li1152">1152</a>, <a href="#li1215">1215</a>; heall, <a href="#li487">487</a>; acc. sg. healle, <a href="#li1088">1088</a>; dat. sg. healle, <a href="#li89">89</a>,
+<a href="#li615">615</a>, <a href="#li643">643</a>, <a href="#li664">664</a>, <a href="#li926">926</a>, <a href="#li1010">1010</a>, <a href="#li1927">1927</a>, etc.; gen. sg. [healle], <a href="#li389">389</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+gif-, meodo-heal.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealärn">heal-ärn</a>, st. n., <i>hall-building, hall-house</i>: gen. sg.
+heal-ärna, <a href="#li78">78</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealgamen">heal-gamen</a>, st. n., <i>social enjoyment in the hall,
+hall-joy</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1067">1067</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealreced">heal-reced</a>, st. n., <i>hall-building</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li68">68</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealsittend">heal-sittend</a>, pres. part., <i>sitting in the hall</i> (at the
+banquet): dat. pl. heal-sittendum, <a href="#li2869">2869</a>; gen. pl. heal-sittendra,
+<a href="#li2016">2016</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealthegn">heal-&thorn;egn</a>, st. m., <i>hall-thane</i>, i.e. a warrior who holds
+the hall: gen. sg. heal-&thorn;egnes, of Grendel, <a href="#li142">142</a>; acc. pl. heal-&thorn;egnas,
+of Beówulfs band, <a href="#li720">720</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealwudu">heal-wudu</a>, <i>hall-wood</i>, i.e. hall built of wood: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1318">1318</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealdan">healdan</a>, st. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to hold, to hold fast; to
+support</i>: pret. pl. hû &thorn;â stânbogan ... êce eor&eth;reced innan heóldon (MS.
+healde), <i>how the arches of rock within held the everlasting
+earth-house</i>, <a href="#li2720">2720</a>. Pret. sg., with a person as object: heóld hine to
+fäste, <i>held him too fast</i>, <a href="#li789">789</a>; w. the dat. he him freóndlârum heóld,
+<i>supported him with friendly advice</i>, <a href="#li2378">2378</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to hold, to watch,
+to preserve, to keep</i>; reflexive, <i>to maintain one's self, to keep
+one's self</i>: pres. sg. II. eal &thorn;u hit ge&thorn;yldum healdest, mägen mid môdes
+snyttrum, <i>all that preservest thou continuously, strength and wisdom of
+mind</i>, <a href="#li1706">1706</a>; III. healde&eth; hige-mê&eth;um heáfod-wearde, <i>holds for the
+dead the head-watch</i>, <a href="#li2910">2910</a>; imp. sg. II. heald for&eth; tela niwe sibbe,
+<i>keep well, from now on, the new relationship</i>, <a href="#li949">949</a>; heald (heold,
+MS.) &thorn;u nu hruse ... eorla æhte, <i>preserve thou now, Earth, the noble
+men's possessions</i>, <a href="#li2248">2248</a>; inf. se &thorn;e holmclifu healdan scolde, <i>watch
+the sea-cliffs</i>, <a href="#li230">230</a>; so, <a href="#li705">705</a>; nacan ... ârum healdan, <i>to keep well
+your vessel</i>, <a href="#li296">296</a>; wearde healdan, <a href="#li319">319</a>; forlêton eorla gestreón eor&eth;an
+healdan, <a href="#li3168">3168</a>; pres. part. dreám healdende, <i>holding rejoicing</i> (i.e.
+thou who art rejoicing), <a href="#li1228">1228</a>; pret. sg. heóld hine sy&eth;&eth;an fyr and fästor,
+<i>kept himself afterwards afar and more secure</i>, <a href="#li142">142</a>; ægwearde heóld,
+<i>I have (hitherto) kept watch on the sea</i>, <a href="#li241">241</a>; so, <a href="#li305">305</a>; hióld
+heáh-lufan wi&eth; häle&eth;a brego, <i>preserved high love</i>, <a href="#li1955">1955</a>; ginfästan
+gife ... heóld, <a href="#li2184">2184</a>; gold-mâ&eth;mas heóld, <i>took care of the treasures of
+gold</i>, <a href="#li2415">2415</a>; heóld mîn tela, <i>protected well mine own</i>, <a href="#li2738">2738</a>; &thorn;onne
+... sceft ... nytte heóld, <i>had employment, was employed</i>, <a href="#li3119">3119</a>; heóld
+mec, <i>protected</i>, i.e. brought me up, <a href="#li2431">2431</a>; pret. pl. hea&eth;o-reáf
+heóldon, <i>watched over the armor</i>, <a href="#li401">401</a>; sg. for pl. heáfodbeorge ...
+walan ûtan heóld, <i>outwards, bosses kept guard over the head</i>,
+<a href="#li1032">1032</a>.&mdash;Related to the preceding meaning are the two following: 3) <i>to
+rule and protect the fatherland</i>: inf. gif &thorn;u healdan wylt maga rice,
+<a href="#li1853">1853</a>; pret. heóld, <a href="#li57">57</a>, <a href="#li2738">2738</a>.&mdash;4) <i>to hold, to have, to possess, to
+inhabit</i>: inf. lêt &thorn;one brego-stôl Beówulf healdan, <a href="#li2390">2390</a>; gerund. tô
+healdanne hleóburh wera, <a href="#li1732">1732</a>; pret. sg. heóld, <a href="#li103">103</a>, <a href="#li161">161</a>, <a href="#li466">466</a>, <a href="#li1749">1749</a>, <a href="#li2752">2752</a>;
+lyftwynne heóld nihtes hwîlum, <i>at night-time had the enjoyment of the
+air</i>, <a href="#li3044">3044</a>; pret. pl. Geáta leóde hreâwic heóldon, <i>the Geátas held
+the place of corpses</i> (lay dead upon it), <a href="#li1215">1215</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ær heó ær
+mæste heóld worolde wynne, <i>in which she formerly possessed the highest
+earthly joy</i>, <a href="#li1080">1080</a>.&mdash;5) <i>to win, to receive</i>: pret. pl. I. heoldon
+heáh gesceap, <i>we received a heavy fate, heavy fate befell us</i>, <a href="#li3085">3085</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-healdan, w. acc.: 1) <i>to take care of, to attend to</i>: pret.
+sg. &thorn;egn nytte beheóld, <i>a thane discharged the office</i>, <a href="#li494">494</a>; so,
+<a href="#li668">668</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to hold</i>: pret. sg. se &thorn;e flôda begong ... beheóld,
+<a href="#li1499">1499</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to look at, to behold</i>: &thorn;ry&eth;swy&eth; beheóld mæg Higelâces
+hû ..., <i>great woe saw H.'s kinsman, how ...</i>, <a href="#li737">737</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-healdan, w. acc., <i>(to hold badly), to fall away from, to
+rebel</i>: pret. part. häfdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, <i>had
+rebelled against the defender of the Scylfings</i>, <a href="#li2382">2382</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-healdan: 1) <i>to hold, to receive, to hold fast</i>: pres. sg.
+III. se &thorn;e waldendes hyldo gehealde&eth;, <i>who receives the Lord's
+grace</i>, <a href="#li2294">2294</a>; pres. subj. fäder alwalda ... eówic gehealde sî&eth;a
+gesunde, <i>keep you sound on your journey</i>, <a href="#li317">317</a>; inf. ne meahte
+he ... on &thorn;am frum-gâre feorh gehealdan, <i>could not hold back the
+life in his lord</i>, <a href="#li2857">2857</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to take care, to preserve, to watch
+over; to stop</i>: imp. sg. hafa nu and geheald hûsa sêlest, <a href="#li659">659</a>; inf.
+gehealdan hêt hilde-geatwe, <a href="#li675">675</a>; pret. sg. he frätwe geheóld fela
+missera, <a href="#li2621">2621</a>; &thorn;one &thorn;e ær geheóld wi&eth; hettendum hord and rîce, <i>him
+who before preserved treasure and realm</i>, <a href="#li3004">3004</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to rule</i>:
+inf. folc gehealdan, <a href="#li912">912</a>; pret. sg. geheóld tela (brâde rîce), <a href="#li2209">2209</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealf">healf</a>, st. f., <i>half, side, part</i>: acc. sg. on &thorn;â healfe,
+<i>towards this side</i>, <a href="#li1676">1676</a>; dat. sg. häle&eth;um be healfe, <i>at the
+heroes' side</i>, <a href="#li2263">2263</a>; acc. pl. on twâ healfa, <i>upon two sides,
+mutually</i>, <a href="#li1096">1096</a>; on bâ healfa (healfe), <i>on both sides</i> (to
+Grendel and his mother), <a href="#li1306">1306</a>; <i>on two sides, on both sides</i>,
+<a href="#li2064">2064</a>; gen. pl. on healfa gehwone, <i>in half, through the middle</i>,
+<a href="#li801">801</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealf">healf</a>, adj., <i>half</i>: gen. sg. healfre, <a href="#li1088">1088</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheals">heals</a>, st. m., <i>neck</i>: acc. sg. heals, <a href="#li2692">2692</a>; dat. sg. wi&eth;
+halse, <a href="#li1567">1567</a>; be healse, <a href="#li1873">1873</a>.&mdash;Comp.: the adjectives fâmig-,
+wunden-heals.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealsbeáh">heals-beáh</a>, st. m., <i>neck-ring, collar</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one
+heals-beáh, <a href="#li2173">2173</a>; gen. pl. heals-beága, <a href="#li1196">1196</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealsgebedde">heals-gebedde</a>, w. f., <i>beloved bedfellow, wife</i>: nom. sg.
+healsgebedde (MS. healsgebedda), <a href="#li63">63</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhealsian">healsian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to entreat earnestly, to
+implore</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â se &thorn;eóden mec ... healsode hreóh-môd &thorn;ät...,
+<i>entreated me sorrowful, that</i>..., <a href="#li2133">2133</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheard">heard</a>, adj.: 1) of persons, <i>able, efficient in war, strong,
+brave</i>: nom. sg. heard, <a href="#li342">342</a>, <a href="#li376">376</a>, <a href="#li404">404</a>, <a href="#li1575">1575</a>, <a href="#li2540">2540</a>, etc.; in weak
+form, se hearda, <a href="#li401">401</a>, <a href="#li1964">1964</a>; se hearda &thorn;egn, <a href="#li2978">2978</a>; &thorn;es hearda heáp,
+<a href="#li432">432</a>; nom. pl. hearde hilde-frecan, <a href="#li2206">2206</a>; gen. pl. heardra, <a href="#li989">989</a>.
+Comparative: acc. sg. heardran häle, <a href="#li720">720</a>. With accompanying gen.:
+wîges heard, <i>strong in battle</i>, <a href="#li887">887</a>; dat. sg. nî&eth;a heardum,
+<a href="#li2171">2171</a>.&mdash;2) of the implements of war, <i>good, firm, sharp, hard</i>:
+nom. sg. (gû&eth;-byrne, lîc-syrce) heard, <a href="#li322">322</a>, <a href="#li551">551</a>. In weak form: masc.
+here-stræl hearda, <a href="#li1436">1436</a>; se hearda helm, <a href="#li2256">2256</a>; neutr. here-net hearde,
+<a href="#li1554">1554</a>; acc. sg. (swurd, wæpen), heard, <a href="#li540">540</a>, <a href="#li2688">2688</a>, <a href="#li2988">2988</a>; nom. pl. hearde
+... homera lâfe, <a href="#li2830">2830</a>; heard and hring-mæl Hea&eth;obeardna gestreón,
+<a href="#li2038">2038</a>; acc. pl. heard sweord, <a href="#li2639">2639</a>. Of other things, <i>hard, rough,
+harsh, hard to bear</i>: acc. sg. hre&eth;er-bealo hearde, <a href="#li1344">1344</a>; nom. sg.
+wrôht ... heard, <a href="#li2915">2915</a>; here-nî&eth; hearda, <a href="#li2475">2475</a>; acc. sg. heoro-sweng
+heardne, <a href="#li1591">1591</a>; instr. sg. heardan ceápe, <a href="#li2483">2483</a>; instr. pl. heardan,
+heardum clammum, <a href="#li964">964</a>, <a href="#li1336">1336</a>; gen. pl. heardra hýn&eth;a, <a href="#li166">166</a>. Compar.: acc.
+sg. heardran feohtan, <a href="#li576">576</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fýr-, îren-, nî&eth;-, regn-,
+scûr-heard.</p>
+
+<p>hearde, adv., <i>hard, very</i>, <a href="#li1439">1439</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheardecg">heard-ecg</a>, adj., <i>sharp-edged, hard, good in battle</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1289">1289</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheardfyrde">heard-fyrde</a>, adj., <i>hard to take away, heavy</i>: acc. sg.
+hard-fyrdne, <a href="#li2246">2246</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheardhycgend">heard-hycgend</a>, pres. part. <i>of a warlike disposition,
+brave</i>: nom. pl. -hicgende, <a href="#li394">394</a>, <a href="#li800">800</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheargträf">hearg-träf</a>, st. n., <i>tent of the gods, temple</i>: dat. pl.
+ät härg-trafum (MS. hrærg trafum), <a href="#li175">175</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhearm">hearm</a>, st. m., <i>harm, injury, insult</i>: dat. sg. mid
+hearme, <a href="#li1893">1893</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhearmsceatha">hearm-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>enemy causing injury</i> or
+<i>grief</i>: nom. sg. hearm-sca&eth;a, <a href="#li767">767</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhearpe">hearpe</a>, w. f., <i>harp</i>: gen. sg. hearpan swêg, <a href="#li89">89</a>, <a href="#li3024">3024</a>;
+hearpan wynne (wyn), <a href="#li2108">2108</a>, <a href="#li2263">2263</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáthu">heá&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>sea, waves</i>: acc. sg. heá&eth;u, 1863?</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáthulîthend">heá&eth;u-lî&eth;end</a>, pres. part., <i>sea-farer, sailor</i>: nom. pl.
+-lî&eth;ende, <a href="#li1799">1799</a>; dat. pl. -lî&eth;endum (designation of the Geátas), <a href="#li2956">2956</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáfod">heáfod</a>, st. n., <i>head</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li48">48</a>, <a href="#li1640">1640</a>; dat. sg.
+heáfde, <a href="#li1591">1591</a>, <a href="#li2291">2291</a>, <a href="#li2974">2974</a>; dat. pl. heáfdum, <a href="#li1243">1243</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáfodbeorh">heáfod-beorh</a>, st. f., <i>head-defence, protection for the
+head</i>: acc. sg. heáfod-beorge, <a href="#li1031">1031</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáfodmæg">heáfod-mæg</a>, st. m., <i>head-kinsman, near blood-relative</i>:
+dat. pl. heáfod-mægum (<i>brothers</i>), <a href="#li589">589</a>; gen. pl. heáfod-mâga,
+<a href="#li2152">2152</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáfodsegn">heáfod-segn</a>, st. n., <i>head-sign, banner</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2153">2153</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáfodweard">heáfod-weard</a>, st. f., <i>head-watch</i> acc. sg. healde&eth; ...
+heáfod-wearde leófes and lâ&eth;es, <i>for the friend and the foe</i>
+(Beówulf and the drake, who lie dead near each other), <a href="#li2910">2910</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáh">heáh, heá</a>, adj., <i>high, noble</i> (in composition, also
+primus): nom. sg. heáh Healfdene, <a href="#li57">57</a>; heá (Higelâc), <a href="#li1927">1927</a>; heáh
+(sele), <a href="#li82">82</a>; heáh hlæw, <a href="#li2806">2806</a>, <a href="#li3159">3159</a>; acc. sg. heáh (segn), <a href="#li48">48</a>, <a href="#li2769">2769</a>;
+heáhne (MS. heánne) hrôf, <a href="#li984">984</a>; dat. sg. in (tô) sele &thorn;am heán, <a href="#li714">714</a>,
+<a href="#li920">920</a>; gen. sg. heán hûses, <a href="#li116">116</a>.&mdash;<i>high, heavy</i>: acc. heáh gesceap
+(<i>an unusual, heavy fate</i>), <a href="#li3085">3085</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáburh">heá-burh</a>, st. f., <i>high city, first city of a country</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li1128">1128</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhcyning">heáh-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>high king, mightiest of the kings</i>:
+gen. sg. -cyninges (of Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li1040">1040</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhgestreón">heáh-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>splendid treasure</i>: gen. pl.
+-gestreóna, <a href="#li2303">2303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhlufe">heáh-lufe</a>, w. f., <i>high love</i>: acc. sg. heáh-lufan, <a href="#li1955">1955</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhsele">heáh-sele</a>, st. m., <i>high hall, first hall in the land, hall
+of the ruler</i>: dat. sg. heáh-sele, <a href="#li648">648</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhsetl">heáh-setl</a>, st. n., <i>high seat, throne</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1088">1088</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáhstede">heáh-stede</a>, st. m., <i>high place, ruler's place</i>: dat. sg.
+on heáh-stede, <a href="#li285">285</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheán">heán</a>, adj., <i>depressed, low, despised, miserable</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1275">1275</a>, <a href="#li2100">2100</a>, <a href="#li2184">2184</a>, <a href="#li2409">2409</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáp">heáp</a>, st. m., <i>heap, crowd, troop</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;egna heáp,
+<a href="#li400">400</a>; &thorn;es hearda heáp, <i>this brave band</i>, <a href="#li432">432</a>; acc. sg.
+here-sceafta heáp, <i>the crowd of spears</i>, <a href="#li335">335</a>; mago-rinca heáp,
+<a href="#li731">731</a>; dat. sg. on heápe, <i>in a compact body</i>, as many as there
+were of them, <a href="#li2597">2597</a>.&mdash;Comp. wîg-heáp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheáwan">heáwan</a>, st. v., <i>to hew, to cleave</i>: inf., <a href="#li801">801</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-heáwan, <i>cleave</i>: pres. subj. ge-heáwe, <a href="#li683">683</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheothu">heo&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>the interior of a building</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;ät
+he on heo&eth;e gestôd, <i>in the interior</i> (of the hall, Heorot), <a href="#li404">404</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheofon">heofon</a>, st. m., <i>heaven</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3157">3157</a>; dat. sg. hefene,
+<a href="#li1572">1572</a>; gen. sg. heofenes, <a href="#li414">414</a>, <a href="#li576">576</a>, <a href="#li1802">1802</a>, etc.; gen. pl. heofena, <a href="#li182">182</a>;
+dat. pl. under heofenum, <a href="#li52">52</a>, <a href="#li505">505</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheolfor">heolfor</a>, st. n., <i>gore, fresh</i> or <i>crude blood</i>: dat.
+instr. sg. hâtan heolfre, <a href="#li850">850</a>, <a href="#li1424">1424</a>; heolfre, <a href="#li2139">2139</a>; under heolfre,
+<a href="#li1303">1303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheolster">heolster</a>, st. n., <i>haunt, hiding-place</i>: acc. sg. on
+heolster, <a href="#li756">756</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheonan">heonan</a>, adv., <i>hence, from here</i>: heonan, <a href="#li252">252</a>; heonon,
+<a href="#li1362">1362</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheor">heor</a>, st. m., <i>door-hinge</i>: nom. pl. heorras, <a href="#li1000">1000</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorde">heorde</a>, adj. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwundenheorde">wunden-heorde</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorthgeneát">heor&eth;-geneát</a>, st. m., <i>hearth-companion</i>, i.e. a vassal of
+the king, in whose castle he receives his livelihood: nom. pl.
+heor&eth;-geneátas, <a href="#li261">261</a>, <a href="#li3181">3181</a>; acc. pl. heor&eth;-geneátas, <a href="#li1581">1581</a>, <a href="#li2181">2181</a>; dat.
+pl. heor&eth;-geneátum, <a href="#li2419">2419</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorot">heorot</a>, st. m., <i>stag</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1370">1370</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorte">heorte</a>, w. f., <i>heart</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2562">2562</a>; dat. sg. ät
+heortan, <a href="#li2271">2271</a>; gen. sg. heortan, <a href="#li2464">2464</a>, <a href="#li2508">2508</a>.&mdash;Comp.: the adjectives
+blî&eth;-, grom-, rûm-, stearc-heort.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheoru">heoru</a>, st. m., <i>sword</i>: nom. sg. heoru bunden (cf. under
+<a class="glentry" href="#glbindan">bîndan</a>), <a href="#li1286">1286</a>. In some of the following compounds heoro- seems
+to be confounded with here- (see <a class="glentry" href="#glhere">here</a>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheoroblâc">heoro-blâc</a>, adj., <i>pale through the sword, fatally
+wounded</i>: nom. sg. [heoro-]blâc, <a href="#li2489">2489</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorudreór">heoru-dreór</a>, st. m., <i>sword-blood</i>: instr. sg.
+heoru-dreóre, <a href="#li487">487</a>; heoro-dreóre, <a href="#li850">850</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorodreórig">heoro-dreórig</a>, adj., <i>bloody through the sword</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li936">936</a>; acc. sg. heoro-dreórigne, <a href="#li1781">1781</a>, <a href="#li2721">2721</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorodrync">heoro-drync</a>, st. m., <i>sword-drink</i>, i.e. blood shed by the
+sword: instr. pl. hioro-dryncum swealt, <i>died through
+sword-drink</i>, i.e. struck by the sword, <a href="#li2359">2359</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorogîfre">heoro-gîfre</a>, adj., <i>eager for hostile inroads</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1499">1499</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorogrim">heoro-grim</a>, adj., <i>sword-grim, fierce in battle</i>: nom. sg.
+m., <a href="#li1565">1565</a>; fem. -grimme, <a href="#li1848">1848</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorohôcihte">heoro-hôcihte</a>, adj., <i>provided with barbs, sharp like swords
+</i>: instr. pl. mid eofer-spreótum heoro-hôcyhtum, <a href="#li1439">1439</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheoroserce">heoro-serce</a>, w. f., <i>shirt of mail</i>: acc. sg.
+hioro-sercean, <a href="#li2540">2540</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorosweng">heoro-sweng</a>, st. m., <i>sword-stroke</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li1591">1591</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheoroweallende">heoro-weallende</a>, pres. part., <i>rolling around fighting</i>,
+of the drake, <a href="#li2782">2782</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweallian">weallian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheorowearh">heoro-wearh</a>, st. m. <i>he who is sword-cursed, who is destined
+to die by the sword</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1268">1268</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheófan">heófan</a>, w. v., <i>to lament, to moan</i>: part. nom. pl.
+hiófende, <a href="#li3143">3143</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâheóran">â-heóran</a>, <i>to free</i> (?): w. acc. pret. sg. brýd âheórde,
+<a href="#li2931">2931</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheóre">heóre</a>, adj., <i>pleasant, not haunted, secure</i>: nom. sg.
+fem, nis &thorn;ät heóru stôw, <i>that is no secure place</i>, <a href="#li1373">1373</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+un-heóre (-hýre).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhider">hider</a>, adv., <i>hither</i>, <a href="#li240">240</a>, <a href="#li370">370</a>, <a href="#li394">394</a>, <a href="#li3093">3093</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-<a class="glentry" name="gloferhigian">higian</a>, w. v. (according to the connection, probably),
+<i>to exceed</i>, <a href="#li2767">2767</a>. (O.H.G. ubar-hugjan, <i>to be arrogant</i>.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhild">hild</a>, st. f., <i>battle, combat</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li452">452</a>, <a href="#li902">902</a>, <a href="#li1482">1482</a>,
+<a href="#li2077">2077</a>; hild heoru-grimme, <a href="#li1848">1848</a>; acc. sg. hilde, <a href="#li648">648</a>; instr. sg. hilde,
+<i>through combat</i>, <a href="#li2917">2917</a>; dat. sg. ät hilde, <a href="#li1461">1461</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildebil">hilde-bil</a>, st. n., <i>battle-sword</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1667">1667</a>; instr.
+dat. sg. hilde-bille, <a href="#li557">557</a>, <a href="#li1521">1521</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildebord">hilde-bord</a>, st. n., <i>battle-shield</i>: acc. pl. hilde-bord,
+<a href="#li397">397</a>; instr. pl. -bordum, <a href="#li3140">3140</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildecyst">hilde-cyst</a>, st. f., <i>excellence in battle, bravery in
+battle</i>: instr. pl. -cystum, <a href="#li2599">2599</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildedeór">hilde-deór</a>, adj., <i>bold in battle, brave in battle</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li312">312</a>, <a href="#li835">835</a>, <a href="#li1647">1647</a>, <a href="#li1817">1817</a>; hilde-diór, <a href="#li3112">3112</a>; nom. pl. hilde-deóre,
+<a href="#li3171">3171</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildefreca">hilde-freca</a>, w. m., <i>hero in battle</i>: nom. pl.
+hilde-frecan, <a href="#li2206">2206</a>; dat. sg. hild-frecan, <a href="#li2367">2367</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildegeatwe">hilde-geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>equipment for battle, adornment
+for combat</i>: acc. hilde-geatwe, <a href="#li675">675</a>; gen. -geatwa, <a href="#li2363">2363</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildegicel">hilde-gicel</a>, st. m., <i>battle-icicle</i>, i.e. the blood which
+hangs upon the sword-blades like icicles: instr. pl. hilde-gicelum,
+<a href="#li1607">1607</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildegrâp">hilde-grâp</a>, st. f., <i>battle-gripe</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1447">1447</a>, <a href="#li2508">2508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildehlemma">hilde-hlemma</a>, w. m., <i>one raging in battle, warrior,
+fighter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2352">2352</a>, <a href="#li2545">2545</a>; dat. pl. eft &thorn;ät ge-eode ...
+hilde-hlämmum, <i>it happened to the warriors</i> (the Geátas), <a href="#li2202">2202</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildeleóma">hilde-leóma</a>, w. m., <i>battle-light, gleam of battle</i>,
+hence: 1) the fire-spewing of the drake in the fight: nom. pl.
+-leóman, <a href="#li2584">2584</a>.&mdash;2) <i>the gleaming sword</i>: acc. sg. -leóman, <a href="#li1144">1144</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildemecg">hilde-mecg</a>, st. m., <i>man of battle, warrior</i>: nom. pl.
+hilde-mecgas, <a href="#li800">800</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildemêce">hilde-mêce</a>, st. m., <i>battle-sword</i>: nom. pl. -mêceas,
+<a href="#li2203">2203</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhilderand">hilde-rand</a>, st. m., <i>battle-shield</i>: acc. pl. -randas,
+<a href="#li1243">1243</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhllderæs">hllde-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>storm of battle</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li300">300</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhilderinc">hilde-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>man of battle, warrior, hero</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1308">1308</a>, <a href="#li3125">3125</a>, <a href="#li3137">3137</a>; dat. sg. hilde-rince, <a href="#li1496">1496</a>; gen. sg.
+hilde-rinces, <a href="#li987">987</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildesäd">hilde-säd</a>, adj., <i>satiated with battle, not wishing to fight
+any more</i>: acc. sg. hilde-sädne, <a href="#li2724">2724</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildesceorp">hilde-sceorp</a>, st. n., <i>battle-dress, armor, coat of mail</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li2156">2156</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildesetl">hilde-setl</a>, st. n., <i>battle-seat</i> (saddle): nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1040">1040</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildestrengo">hilde-strengo</a>, st. f., <i>battle-strength, bravery in
+battle</i>: acc., <a href="#li2114">2114</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildeswât">hilde-swât</a>, st. m., <i>battle-sweat</i>: nom. sg. hât
+hilde-swât (the hot, damp breath of the drake as he rushes on), <a href="#li2559">2559</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildetux">hilde-tux</a>, st. m., <i>battle-tooth</i>: instr. pl. hilde-tuxum,
+<a href="#li1512">1512</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildewæpen">hilde-wæpen</a>, st. m., <i>battle-weapon</i>: instr. pl. -wæpnum,
+<a href="#li39">39</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildewîsa">hilde-wîsa</a>, w. m., <i>leader in battle, general</i>: dat. sg.
+fore Healfdenes hildewîsan, <i>Healfdene's general</i> (Hnäf), <a href="#li1065">1065</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildfreca">hild-freca</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhildefreca">hilde-freca</a></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhildfruma">hild-fruma</a>, st. m., <i>battle-chief</i>: dat. sg. -fruma, <a href="#li1679">1679</a>,
+<a href="#li2650">2650</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;äs hild-fruman, <a href="#li2836">2836</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlldlata">hlld-lata</a>, w. m., <i>he who is late in battle, coward</i>: nom.
+pl. &thorn;â hild-latan, <a href="#li2847">2847</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhilt">hilt</a>, st. n., <i>sword-hilt</i>: nom. gylden hilt, <a href="#li1678">1678</a>; acc.
+sg. &thorn;ät hilt, <a href="#li1669">1669</a>; hylt, <a href="#li1668">1668</a>. Also used in the plural; acc. &thorn;â hilt,
+<a href="#li1615">1615</a>; dat. pl, be hiltum, <a href="#li1575">1575</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fetel-, wreo&eth;en-hilt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhiltecumbor">hilte-cumbor</a>, st. n., <i>banner with a staff</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1023">1023</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhilted">hilted</a>, pret. part., <i>provided with a hilt</i> or
+<i>handle</i>: acc. sg. heard swyrd hiked, <i>sword with a</i> (rich)
+<i>hilt</i>, <a href="#li2988">2988</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhinfûs">hin-fûs</a>, adj., <i>ready to die</i>: nom. sg. hyge wäs him
+hinfûs (i.e. he felt that he should not survive), <a href="#li756">756</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhindema">hindema</a>, adj. superl., <i>hindmost, last</i>: instr. sg.
+hindeman sî&eth;e, <i>the last time, for the last time</i>, <a href="#li2050">2050</a>, <a href="#li2518">2518</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhirde">hirde, hyrde</a>, st. m., (<i>herd</i>) <i>keeper, guardian,
+possessor</i>: nom. sg. folces hyrde, <a href="#li611">611</a>, <a href="#li1833">1833</a>, <a href="#li2982">2982</a>; rîces hyrde,
+<a href="#li2028">2028</a>; fyrena hyrde, <i>the guardian of mischief, wicked one</i>, <a href="#li751">751</a>,
+<a href="#li2220">2220</a>; wuldres hyrde, <i>the king of glory, God</i>, <a href="#li932">932</a>; hringa hyrde,
+<i>the keeper of the rings</i>, <a href="#li2246">2246</a>; cumbles hyrde, <i>the possessor
+of the banner, the bearer of the banner</i>, <a href="#li2506">2506</a>; folces hyrde, <a href="#li1850">1850</a>;
+frätwa hyrde, <a href="#li3134">3134</a>; rîces hyrde, <a href="#li3081">3081</a>; acc. pl. hûses hyrdas,
+<a href="#li1667">1667</a>.&mdash;Comp.: grund-hyrde.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhit">hit</a> (O.N. hita), st. f. (?), <i>heat</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;enden hyt
+sý, <a href="#li2650">2650</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhladan">hladan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to load, to lay</i>: inf. on bæl hladan
+leófne mannan, <i>lay the dear man on the funeral-pile</i>, <a href="#li2127">2127</a>; him
+on bearm hladan bunan and discas, <i>laid cups and plates upon his
+bosom, loaded himself with them</i>, <a href="#li2776">2776</a>; pret. part. &thorn;ær wäs wunden
+gold on wæn hladen, <i>laid upon the wain</i>, <a href="#li3135">3135</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to load,
+to burden</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â wäs ... sægeáp naca hladen herewædum,
+<i>loaded with armor</i>, <a href="#li1898">1898</a>.&mdash;Comp. gilp-hläden.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hladan, w. acc., <i>to load, to burden</i>: pret. sg. sæbât gehlôd
+(MS gehleod), <a href="#li896">896</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlâford">hlâford</a>, st. m., <i>lord, ruler</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2376">2376</a>; acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li267">267</a>; dat. sg. hlâforde, <a href="#li2635">2635</a>; gen. sg. hlâfordes, <a href="#li3181">3181</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+eald-hlâford.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlâfordleás">hlâford-leás</a>; adj., <i>without a lord</i>: nom. pl.
+hlâford-leáse, <a href="#li2936">2936</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlâw">hlâw, hlæw</a>, st. m., <i>grave-hill</i>: acc. sg. hlæw, <a href="#li2803">2803</a>,
+<a href="#li3159">3159</a>, <a href="#li3171">3171</a>; dat. sg. for hlâwe, <a href="#li1121">1121</a>. Also, <i>grave-chamber</i> (the
+interior of the grave-hill), <i>cave</i>: acc. sg. hlâw [under]
+hrusan, <a href="#li2277">2277</a>; hlæw under hrusan, <a href="#li2412">2412</a>; dat. sg. on hlæwe, <a href="#li2774">2774</a>. The
+drake dwells in the rocky cavern which the former owner of his
+treasure had chosen as his burial-place, <a href="#li2242">2242-2271</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhläst">hläst</a>, st. n., <i>burden, load</i>: dat. sg. hläste, <a href="#li52">52</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlem">hlem</a>, st. m., <i>noise, din of battle, noisy attack</i>: in the
+compounds, uht-, wäl-hlem.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlemma">hlemma</a>, w. m., <i>one raging, one who calls</i>; see
+<a class="glentry" href="#glhildehlemma">hilde-hlemma</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâhlehhan">â-hlehhan</a>, st. v., <i>to laugh aloud, to shout, to exult</i>:
+pret. sg. his môd âhlôg, <i>his mood exulted</i>, <a href="#li731">731</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleahtor">hleahtor</a>, st. m., <i>laughter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li612">612</a>; acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li3021">3021</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleápan">hleápan</a>, st. v., <i>to run, to trot, to spring</i>: inf.
+hleápan lêton ... fealwe mearas, <a href="#li865">865</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâhleapan">â-hleapan</a>, <i>to spring up</i>: pret. âhleóp, <a href="#li1398">1398</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleothu">hleo&eth;u</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhlith">hli&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleonian">hleonian</a>, w. v., <i>to incline, to hang over</i>: inf. o&eth; &thorn;ät he ...
+fyrgen-beámas ofer hârne stân hleonian funde, <i>till he found
+mountain-trees hanging over the gray rocks</i>, <a href="#li1416">1416</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleó">hleó</a>, st. m., <i>shady, protected place; defence, shelter</i>;
+figurative designation of the king, or of powerful nobles: wîgendra
+hleó, of Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li429">429</a>; of Sigemund, <a href="#li900">900</a>; of Beówulf, <a href="#li1973">1973</a>, <a href="#li2338">2338</a>; eorla
+hleó, of Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1036">1036</a>, <a href="#li1867">1867</a>; of Beówulf, <a href="#li792">792</a>; of Hygelâc, <a href="#li2191">2191</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleóburh">hleó-burh</a>, st. f., <i>ruler's castle</i> or <i>city</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li913">913</a>, <a href="#li1732">1732</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleóthorcwyde">hleó&eth;or-cwyde</a>, st. m., <i>speech of solemn sound, ceremonious
+words</i>, <a href="#li1980">1980</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleór">hleór</a>, st. n., <i>cheek, jaw</i>: in comp. fäted-hleór (adj.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleórbera">hleór-bera</a>, w. m., <i>cheek-bearer</i>, the part of the helmet
+that reaches down over the cheek and protects it: acc. pl. ofer
+hleór-beran (<i>visor</i>?), <a href="#li304">304</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleórbolster">hleór-bolster</a>, st. m., <i>cheek-bolster, pillow</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li689">689</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleótan">hleótan</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to obtain by lot, to attain, to
+get</i>: pret. sg. feorh-wunde hleát, <a href="#li2386">2386</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlifian">hlifian</a>, w. v., <i>to rise, to be prominent</i>: inf. hlifian,
+<a href="#li2806">2806</a>; pret. hlifade, <a href="#li81">81</a>, <a href="#li1800">1800</a>, <a href="#li1899">1899</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlith">hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>cliff, precipice of a mountain</i>: dat. sg.
+on hli&eth;e, <a href="#li3159">3159</a>; gen. sg. hli&eth;es, <a href="#li1893">1893</a>; pl. hli&eth;o in composition,
+stân-hli&eth;o; hleo&eth;u in the compounds fen-, mist-, näs-, wulf-hleo&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlinbed">hlin-bed</a> (Frisian hlen-bed, Richthofen 206^<a href="#li28">28</a>, for which
+another text has cronk-bed), st. n., &kappa;&lambda;&iota;&nu;&#x3AF;&delta;&iota;&omicron;&nu;, <i>bed for
+reclining, sick-bed</i>: acc. sg. hlim-bed, <a href="#li3035">3035</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltôhlîdan">tô-hlîdan</a>, st. v., <i>to spring apart, to burst</i>: pret.
+part. nom. pl. tô-hlidene, <a href="#li1000">1000</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlûd">hlûd</a>, adj., <i>loud</i>: acc. sg. dreám ... hlûdne, <a href="#li89">89</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlyn">hlyn</a>, st. m., <i>din, noise, clatter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li612">612</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlynnan">hlynnan, hlynian</a>, w. v., <i>to sound, to resound</i>: inf.
+hlynnan (of the voice), <a href="#li2554">2554</a>; of fire, <i>to crackle</i>: pret. sg.
+hlynode, <a href="#li1121">1121</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlynsian">hlynsian</a>, w. v., <i>to resound, to crash</i>: pret. sg. reced
+hlynsode, <a href="#li771">771</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhlytm">hlytm</a>, st. m., <i>lot</i>: dat. sg. näs &thorn;â on hlytme, hwâ &thorn;ät
+hord strude, <i>it did not depend upon lot who should plunder the
+hoard</i>, i.e. its possession was decided, <a href="#li3127">3127</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhnâh">hnâh</a>, adj.: 1) <i>low, inferior</i>: comp. acc. sg. hnâgran,
+<a href="#li678">678</a>; dat. sg. hnâhran rince, <i>an inferior hero, one less brave</i>,
+<a href="#li953">953</a>.&mdash;2) <i>familiarly intimate</i>: nom. sg. näs hió hnâh swâ &thorn;eáh,
+<i>was nevertheless not familiarly intimate</i> (with the Geátas, i.e.
+preserved her royal dignity towards them), (<i>niggardly</i>?), <a href="#li1930">1930</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhnægan">hnægan</a>, w. v. w. acc., (for nægan), <i>to speak to, to
+greet</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät he &thorn;one wîsan wordum hnægde freán Ingwina,
+<a href="#li1319">1319</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehnægan">hnægan</a>, w. acc., <i>to bend, to humiliate, to strike down,
+to fell</i>: pret. sg. ge-hnægde helle gâst, <a href="#li1275">1275</a>; &thorn;ær hyne Hetware
+hilde gehnægdon, <a href="#li2917">2917</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhnitan">hnitan</a>, st. v., <i>to dash against, to encounter</i>, here of
+the collision of hostile bands: pret. pl. &thorn;onne hniton (hnitan) fê&eth;an,
+<a href="#li1328">1328</a>, <a href="#li2545">2545</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhothma">ho&eth;ma</a>, w. m., <i>place of concealment, cave</i>, hence, <i>the
+grave</i>: dat. sg. in ho&eth;man, <a href="#li2459">2459</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhof">hof</a>, st. n., <i>enclosed space, court-yard, estate,
+manor-house</i>: acc. sg. hof (Hrô&eth;gâr's residence), <a href="#li312">312</a>; dat. sg. tô
+hofe sînum (Grendel's home in the sea), <a href="#li1508">1508</a>; tô hofe (Hygelâc's
+residence), <a href="#li1975">1975</a>; acc. pl. beorht hofu, <a href="#li2314">2314</a>; dat. pl. tô hofum Geáta,
+<a href="#li1837">1837</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhogode">hogode</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhycgan">hycgan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhold">hold</a>, adj., <i>inclined to, attached to, gracious, dear,
+true</i>: nom. sg. w. dat. of the person, hold weorod freán Scyldinga,
+<i>a band well disposed to the lord of the Scyldings</i>, <a href="#li290">290</a>;
+mandrihtne hold, <a href="#li1230">1230</a>; Hygelâce wäs ... nefa swý&eth;e hold, <i>to H. was
+his nephew</i> (Beówulf) <i>very much attached</i>, <a href="#li2171">2171</a>; acc. sg.
+&thorn;urh holdne hige, <i>from a kindly feeling, with honorable mind</i>,
+<a href="#li267">267</a>; holdne wine, <a href="#li376">376</a>; holdne, <a href="#li1980">1980</a>; gen. pl. holdra, <a href="#li487">487</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhold">hold</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhealdan">healdan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glholm">holm</a>, st. m., <i>deep sea</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li519">519</a>, <a href="#li1132">1132</a>, <a href="#li2139">2139</a>; acc.
+sg., <a href="#li48">48</a>, <a href="#li633">633</a>; dat. sg. holme, <a href="#li543">543</a>, <a href="#li1436">1436</a>, <a href="#li1915">1915</a>; acc. pl. holmas,
+<a href="#li240">240</a>.&mdash;Comp. wæg-holm.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glholmclif">holm-clif</a>, st. n., <i>sea-cliff</i>: dat. sg. on &thorn;am
+holm-clife, <a href="#li1422">1422</a>; from &thorn;äm holmclife, <a href="#li1636">1636</a>; acc. pl. holm-clifu, <a href="#li230">230</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glholmwylm">holm-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>the waves of the sea</i>: dat. sg.
+holm-wylme, <a href="#li2412">2412</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glholt">holt</a>, st. n., <i>wood, thicket, forest.</i> acc. sg. on holt,
+<a href="#li2599">2599</a>; holt, <a href="#li2847">2847</a>.&mdash;Comp.: äsc-, fyrgen-, gâr-, Hrefnes-holt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glholtwudu">holt-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>forest-wood</i>: 1) of the material: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2341">2341</a>.&mdash;2) = <i>forest</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1370">1370</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhord">hord</a>, st. m. and n., <i>hoard, treasure</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2284">2284</a>,
+<a href="#li3085">3085</a>; beága hord, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>; mâ&eth;ma hord, <a href="#li3012">3012</a>; acc. sg. hord, <a href="#li913">913</a>, <a href="#li2213">2213</a>,
+<a href="#li2320">2320</a>, <a href="#li2510">2510</a>, <a href="#li2745">2745</a>, <a href="#li2774">2774</a>, <a href="#li2956">2956</a>, <a href="#li3057">3057</a>; sâwle hord, <a href="#li2423">2423</a>; &thorn;ät hord, <a href="#li3127">3127</a>;
+dat. sg. of horde, <a href="#li1109">1109</a>; for horde, <i>on account of</i> (the robbing
+of) <i>the hoard</i>, <a href="#li2782">2782</a>; hæ&eth;num horde, <a href="#li2217">2217</a>; gen. sg. hordes,
+<a href="#li888">888</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beáh-, breóst-, word-, wyrm-hord.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordärn">hord-ärn</a>, st. n., <i>place in which a treasure is kept,
+treasure-room</i>: dat. hord-ärne, <a href="#li2832">2832</a>; gen. pl. hord-ärna, <a href="#li2280">2280</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordburh">hord-burh</a>, st. f., <i>city in which is the treasure</i> (of the
+king's), <i>ruler's castle</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li467">467</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordgestreón">hord-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>hoard-treasure, precious
+treasure</i>: dat. pl. hord-gestreónum, <a href="#li1900">1900</a>; gen. pl. mägen-byr&eth;enne
+hord-gestreóna, <i>the great burden of rich treasures</i>, <a href="#li3093">3093</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordmâththum">hord-mâ&eth;&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>treasure-jewel, precious jewel</i>:
+acc. sg. (-madmum, MS.), <a href="#li1199">1199</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordwela">hord-wela</a>, w. m., <i>treasure-riches, abundance of
+treasures</i>: acc. sg. hord-welan, <a href="#li2345">2345</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordweard">hord-weard</a>, st. m., <i>warder of the treasure,
+hoard-warden</i>: 1) of the king: nom. sg., <a href="#li1048">1048</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li1853">1853</a>.&mdash;2)
+of the drake: nom. sg., <a href="#li2294">2294</a>, <a href="#li2303">2303</a>, <a href="#li2555">2555</a>, <a href="#li2594">2594</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordweorthung">hord-weor&eth;ung</a>, st. f., <i>ornament out of the treasure, rich
+ornament</i>: acc. sg.&mdash;weor&eth;unge, <a href="#li953">953</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhordwyn">hord-wyn</a>, st. f., <i>treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure</i>:
+acc. sg. hord-wynne, <a href="#li2271">2271</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhorn">horn</a>, st. m., <i>horn</i>: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot
+hornum trum, <a href="#li1370">1370</a>.&mdash;2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., <a href="#li1424">1424</a>; acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2944">2944</a>.&mdash;Comp. gû&eth;-horn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhornboga">horn-boga</a>, w. m., <i>bow made of horn</i>: dat. sg. of
+horn-bogan, <a href="#li2438">2438</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhorngeáp">horn-geáp</a>, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns
+adorning the gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heáh and horn-geáp, <a href="#li82">82</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhornreced">horn-reced</a>, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by
+the halves of a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., <a href="#li705">705</a>. Cf. Heyne's Treatise
+on the Hall, Heorot, p. 44.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhors">hors</a>, st. n., <i>horse</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1400">1400</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhôciht">hôciht</a>, adj., <i>provided with hooks, hooked</i>: in comp.
+heoro-hôciht.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbehôfian">hôfian</a>, w. v. w. gen., <i>to need, to want</i>: pres. sg.
+III. nu is se däg cumen &thorn;at ûre man-dryhten mägenes behôfa&eth; gôdra
+gû&eth;rinca, <i>now is the day come when our lord needs the might of
+strong warriors</i>, <a href="#li2648">2648</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glonhôhsnian">hôhsnian</a>, w. v., <i>to hinder</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät onhôhsnode
+Heminges mæg (on hohsnod, MS.), <a href="#li1945">1945</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhôlinga">hôlinga</a>, adv., <i>in vain, without reason</i>, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbehôn">hôn</a>, st. v., <i>to hang with</i>: pret. part. helmum
+behongen, <a href="#li3140">3140</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhop">hop</a>, st. n., <i>protected place, place of refuge, place of
+concealment</i>, in the compounds fen-, môr-hop.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhôs">hôs</a> (Goth, hansa), st. f., <i>accompanying troop, escort</i>:
+instr. sg. mäg&eth;a hôse, <i>with an accompanying train of
+servingwomen</i>, <a href="#li925">925</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhräthe">hrä&eth;e</a>, adv., <i>hastily, quickly, immediately</i>, <a href="#li224">224</a>, <a href="#li741">741</a>,
+<a href="#li749">749</a>, <a href="#li1391">1391</a>, etc.; hra&eth;e, <a href="#li1438">1438</a>; hre&eth;e, <a href="#li992">992</a>; compar. hra&eth;or, <a href="#li543">543</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhranfix">hran-fix</a>, st. m., <i>whale</i>: acc. pl. hron-fixas, <a href="#li540">540</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhranrâd">hran-râd</a>, st. f., <i>whale-road</i>, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer
+hron-râde, <a href="#li10">10</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrâ">hrâ</a>, st. n., <i>corpse</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1589">1589</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrâfyl">hrâ-fyl</a>, st. m., <i>fall of corpses, killing, slaughter</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li277">277</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrädlîce">hrädlîce</a>, adv., <i>hastily, immediately</i>, <a href="#li356">356</a>, <a href="#li964">964</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhräfn">hräfn, hrefn</a>, st. m., <i>raven</i>: nom. sg. hrefn blaca,
+<i>black raven</i>, <a href="#li1802">1802</a>; se wonna hrefn, <i>the dark raven</i>, <a href="#li3025">3025</a>;
+dat. sg. hrefne, <a href="#li2449">2449</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrägl">hrägl</a>, st. n., <i>dress, garment, armor</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1196">1196</a>;
+gen. sg., hrägles, <a href="#li1218">1218</a>; gen. pl. hrägla, 454&mdash;Comp.: beado-, fyrd-,
+mere-hrägl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrethe">hre&eth;e</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhrathe">hra&eth;e</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrether">hre&eth;er</a>, st. m., <i>breast, bosom</i> nom. sg. hre&eth;er inne weóll
+<i>(it surged in his breast</i>), <a href="#li2114">2114</a>; hre&eth;er æ&eth;me weóll, <a href="#li2594">2594</a>; dat. sg.
+in hre&eth;re, <a href="#li1152">1152</a>; of hre&eth;re, <a href="#li2820">2820</a>.&mdash;<i>Breast</i> as the seat of feeling,
+<i>heart</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;ät wäs ... hre&eth;re hygemê&eth;e, <i>that was depressing to
+the heart</i> (of the slayer, Hæ&eth;cyn), <a href="#li2443">2443</a>; on hre&eth;re, <a href="#li1879">1879</a>, <a href="#li2329">2329</a>; gen.
+pl. &thorn;urh hre&eth;ra gehygd, <a href="#li2046">2046</a>.&mdash;<i>Breast</i> as seat of life: instr. sg.
+hre&eth;re, parallel with aldre, <a href="#li1447">1447</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhretherbealo">hre&eth;er-bealo</a>, st. n., <i>evil that takes hold on the heart,
+evil severely felt</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1344">1344</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrefn">hrefn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhräfn">hräfn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrêth">hrê&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>glory</i>; in composition, gû&eth;-hrê&eth;;
+<i>renown, assurance of victory</i>, in sige-hrê&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrêthe">hrê&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>renowned in battle</i>: nom. sg. hrê&eth; (on
+account of the following ät, final <i>e</i> is elided, as wênic for
+wêne ic, <a href="#li442">442</a>; frôfor and fultum for frôfre and fultum, <a href="#li699">699</a>; firen
+ondrysne for firene ondr., <a href="#li1933">1933</a>, <a href="#li2576">2576</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrêthsigor">hrê&eth;-sigor</a>, st. m., <i>glorious victory</i>: dat. sg.
+hrê&eth;-sigora, <a href="#li2584">2584</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrêmig">hrêmig</a>, adj., <i>boasting, exulting</i>: with instr. and gen.
+hû&eth;e hrêmig, <a href="#li124">124</a>; since hrêmig, <a href="#li1883">1883</a>; frätwum hrêmig, <a href="#li2055">2055</a>; nom. pl.
+nealles Hetware hrêmge &thorn;orfton (sc. wesan) fê&eth;e-wîges, <a href="#li2365">2365</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glonhrêran">hrêran</a>, w. v., <i>to excite, to stir up</i>: pret. part.
+on-hrêred, <a href="#li549">549</a>, <a href="#li2555">2555</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreâwîc">hreâ-wîc</a>, st. n., <i>place of corpses</i>: acc. sg. Geáta leóde
+hreâ-wîc heóldon, <i>held the place of corpses</i>, <a href="#li1215">1215</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreád">hreád</a>, st. f., <i>ornament</i>(?), in comp. earm-hreád. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glhreóthan">hreó&eth;an</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreám">hreám</a>, st. m., <i>noise, alarm</i>:: nom. sg., <a href="#li1303">1303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreótha">hreó&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>cover</i>, in the compound bord-hreó&eth;a.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreóthan">hreó&eth;an</a>, ge-<b>hreó&eth;an</b>, st. v., <i>to cover, to clothe</i>;
+only in the pret. part. hroden, gehroden, <i>dressed, adorned</i>:
+hroden, <a href="#li495">495</a>, <a href="#li1023">1023</a>; &thorn;â wäs heal hroden feónda feorum, <i>then was the
+hall covered with the corpses of the enemy</i>, <a href="#li1152">1152</a>; ge-hroden golde,
+<i>adorned with gold</i>, <a href="#li304">304</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beág-, gold-hroden.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreóh">hreóh, hreów, hreó</a>, adj., <i>excited, stormy, wild, angry,
+raging; sad, troubled</i>: nom. sg. (Beówulf) hreóh and heoro-grim,
+<a href="#li1565">1565</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;am gôdan wäs hreów on hre&eth;re, (<i>that came with violence
+upon him, pained his heart</i>), <a href="#li2329">2329</a>; hreó wæron ý&eth;a, <i>the waves
+were angry, the sea stormy</i>, <a href="#li548">548</a>; näs him hreóh sefa, <i>his mind
+was not cruel</i>, <a href="#li2181">2181</a>; dat. sg. on hreón môde, <i>of sad heart</i>,
+<a href="#li1308">1308</a>; on hreóum môde, <i>angry at heart</i>, <a href="#li2582">2582</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreóhmôd">hreóh-môd</a>, adj., <i>of sad heart</i>, <a href="#li2133">2133</a>; <i>angry at
+heart</i>, <a href="#li2297">2297</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreósan">hreósan</a>, st. v., <i>to fall, to sink, to rush</i>: pret. hreás,
+<a href="#li2489">2489</a>, <a href="#li2832">2832</a>; pret. pl. hruron, <a href="#li1075">1075</a>; hie on weg hruron, <i>they rushed
+away</i>, <a href="#li1431">1431</a>; hruron him teáras, <i>tears burst from him</i>, <a href="#li1873">1873</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-hreósan, <i>to fall from, to be divested of</i>: pret. part. acc.
+pl. fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, <i>divested of ornaments</i>
+(from which the ornaments had fallen away), <a href="#li2760">2760</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhreów">hreów</a>, st. f., <i>distress, sorrow</i>: gen. pl. &thorn;ät wäs
+Hrô&eth;gâre hreówa tornost, <i>that was to Hrô&eth;gâr the bitterest of his
+sorrows</i>, <a href="#li2130">2130</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhring">hring</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>ring</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one hring, <a href="#li1203">1203</a>; hring
+gyldenne, <a href="#li2810">2810</a>; acc. pl. hringas, <a href="#li1196">1196</a>, <a href="#li1971">1971</a>, <a href="#li3035">3035</a>; gen. pl. hringa,
+<a href="#li1508">1508</a>, <a href="#li2246">2246</a>.&mdash;2) <i>shirt of mail</i> (of interlaced rings): nom. sg.
+hring, <a href="#li1504">1504</a>; byrnan hring, <a href="#li2261">2261</a>.&mdash;Comp. bân-hring.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringan">hringan</a>, w. v., <i>to give forth a sound, to ring, to
+rattle</i>: pret. pl. byrnan hringdon, <a href="#li327">327</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringboga">hring-boga</a>, w. m., <i>one who bends himself into a ring</i>:
+gen. sg. hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle),
+<a href="#li2562">2562</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringed">hringed</a>, pret. part., <i>made of rings</i>: nom. sg. hringed
+byrne, <a href="#li1246">1246</a>; acc. sg. hringde byrnan, <a href="#li2616">2616</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringedstefna">hringed-stefna</a>, w. m., <i>ship whose stem is provided with iron
+rings</i> (cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Fri&eth;-&thorn;iofs
+saga, I: &thorn;orsteinn âtti skip &thorn;at er Ellidi hêt, ... bor&eth;it war spengt
+iarni): nom. sg., <a href="#li32">32</a>, <a href="#li1898">1898</a>; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, <a href="#li1132">1132</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringîren">hring-îren</a>, st. n., <i>ring-iron, ring-mail</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li322">322</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringmæl">hring-mæl</a>, adj., <i>marked with rings</i>, i.e. ornamented with
+rings, or marked with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the
+sword, <a href="#li1522">1522</a>, <a href="#li1562">1562</a>(?); nom. pl. heard and hring-mæl Hea&eth;obeardna
+gestreón (<i>rich armor</i>), <a href="#li2038">2038</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringnaca">hring-naca</a>, w. m., <i>ship with iron rings, sea-going ship</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1863">1863</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringnet">hring-net</a>, st. n., <i>ring-net</i>, i.e. a shirt of interlaced
+rings: acc. sg., <a href="#li2755">2755</a>; acc. pl. hring-net, <a href="#li1890">1890</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhringsele">hring-sele</a>, st. m., <i>ring-hall</i>, i.e. hall in which are
+rings, or in which rings are bestowed: acc. sg., <a href="#li2841">2841</a>; dat. sg., <a href="#li2011">2011</a>,
+<a href="#li3054">3054</a>.</p>
+
+<p>hring-weor&eth;ung, st. f., <i>ring-ornament</i>: acc. sg. -weor&eth;unge,
+<a href="#li3018">3018</a>.</p>
+
+<p>hrînan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) <i>to touch, lay hold of</i>: inf. &thorn;ät him
+heardra nân hrînan wolde îren ærgôd (<i>that no good sword of valiant
+men would make an impression on him</i>), <a href="#li989">989</a>; him for hrôf-sele hrînan
+ne mehte færgripe flôdes (<i>the sudden grip of the flood might not
+touch him owing to the hall-roof</i>), <a href="#li1516">1516</a>; &thorn;ät &thorn;am hring-sele hrînan
+ne môste gumena ænig <i>(so that none might touch the ringed-hall),
+</i><a href="#li3054">3054</a>; pret. sg. si&eth;&eth;an he hire folmum [hr]ân (<i>as soon as he
+touched it with his hands</i>), <a href="#li723">723</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät deá&eth;es wylm hrân ät
+heortan (<i>seized his heart</i>), <a href="#li2271">2271</a>. Pret. subj. &thorn;eáh &thorn;e him wund
+hrîne (<i>although he was wounded</i>), <a href="#li2977">2977</a>.&mdash;2) (O.N. hrîna,
+<i>sonare, clamare), to resound, rustle</i>: pres. part. nom. pl.
+hrînde bearwas (for hrînende) <a href="#li1364">1364</a>; but see <a href="#note1364">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhroden">hroden</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhreóthan">hreó&eth;an</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhronfix">hron-fix</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhranfix">hran-fix</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrôthor">hrô&eth;or</a>, st. m., <i>joy, beneficium</i>: dat sg. hrefne tô
+hrô&eth;re, <a href="#li2449">2449</a>; gen. pl. hrô&eth;ra, <a href="#li2172">2172</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrôf">hrôf</a>, st. m., <i>roof, ceiling of a house</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1000">1000</a>;
+acc. sg. under Heorotes hrôf, <a href="#li403">403</a>; under geápne hrôf, <a href="#li838">838</a>; geseah
+steápne hrôf (here <i>inner roof, ceiling</i>), <a href="#li927">927</a>; so, ofer heáhne
+hrôf, <a href="#li984">984</a>; ymb &thorn;äs helmes hrôf, <a href="#li1031">1031</a>; under beorges hrôf, <a href="#li2756">2756</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+inwit-hrôf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrôfsele">hrôf-sele</a>, st. m., <i>covered hall</i>: dat. sg. hrôf-sele,
+<a href="#li1516">1516</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrôr">hrôr</a>, adj., <i>stirring, wide-awake, valorous</i>: dat. sg. of
+&thorn;äm hrôran, <a href="#li1630">1630</a>.&mdash;Comp. fela-hrôr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhruron">hruron</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhreósan">hreósan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhruse">hruse</a>, w. f., <i>earth, soil</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2248">2248</a>, <a href="#li2559">2559</a>; acc.
+sg. on hrusan, <a href="#li773">773</a>, <a href="#li2832">2832</a>; dat. sg. under hrusan, <a href="#li2412">2412</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrycg">hrycg</a>, st. m., <i>back</i>: acc. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg
+(<i>over the water's back, surface</i>), <a href="#li471">471</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhryre">hryre</a>, st. m., <i>fall, destruction, ruin</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li3181">3181</a>;
+dat. sg., <a href="#li1681">1681</a>, <a href="#li3006">3006</a>.&mdash;Comp.: leód-, wîg-hryre.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrysian">hrysian</a>, w. v., <i>to shake, be shaken, clatter</i>: pret. pl.
+syrcan hrysedon (<i>corselets rattled</i>, of men in motion), <a href="#li226">226</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhund">hund</a>, st. m., <i>dog</i>: instr. pl. hundum, <a href="#li1369">1369</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhund">hund</a>, num., <i>hundred</i>: &thorn;reó hund, <a href="#li2279">2279</a>; w. gen. pl. hund
+missera, <a href="#li1499">1499</a>; hund &thorn;ûsenda landes and locenra beága, <a href="#li2995">2995</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhû">hû</a>, adv., <i>how, quomodo</i>, <a href="#li3">3</a>, <a href="#li116">116</a>, <a href="#li279">279</a>, <a href="#li738">738</a>, <a href="#li845">845</a>, <a href="#li2319">2319</a>,
+<a href="#li2520">2520</a>, <a href="#li2719">2719</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhuth">hu&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>booty, plunder</i>: dat. (instr.) sg. hû&eth;e,
+<a href="#li124">124</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhûru">hûru</a>, adv., <i>above all, certainly</i>, <a href="#li369">369</a>; <i>indeed,
+truly</i>, <a href="#li182">182</a>, <a href="#li670">670</a>, <a href="#li1072">1072</a>, <a href="#li1466">1466</a>, <a href="#li1945">1945</a>, <a href="#li2837">2837</a>; <i>yet, nevertheless</i>,
+<a href="#li863">863</a>; <i>now</i>, <a href="#li3121">3121</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhûs">hûs</a>, st. n., <i>house</i>: gen. sg. hûses, <a href="#li116">116</a>; gen. pl. hûsa
+sêlest (Heorot), <a href="#li146">146</a>, <a href="#li285">285</a>, <a href="#li659">659</a>, <a href="#li936">936</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwan">hwan</a>, adv., <i>whither</i>: tô hwan sy&eth;&eth;an wear&eth; hondræs häle&eth;a
+(<i>what issue the hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had</i>), <a href="#li2072">2072</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwanan">hwanan, hwanon</a>, adv., <i>whence</i>: hwanan, <a href="#li257">257</a>, <a href="#li2404">2404</a>; hwanon,
+<a href="#li333">333</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwâ">hwâ</a>, interrog. and indef. pron., <i>who</i>: nom. sg. m. hwâ,
+<a href="#li52">52</a>, <a href="#li2253">2253</a>, <a href="#li3127">3127</a>; neut. hwät, <a href="#li173">173</a>; ânes hwät (<i>a part only</i>), <a href="#li3011">3011</a>;
+hwät &thorn;â men wæron (<i>who the men were</i>), <a href="#li233">233</a>, etc.; hwät syndon ge
+searo-häbbendra (<i>what armed men are ye?</i>), <a href="#li237">237</a>; acc. sg. m. wi&eth;
+manna hwone (<i>from (?) any man</i>), <a href="#li155">155</a>; neut. &thorn;urh hwät, <a href="#li3069">3069</a>;
+hwät wit geó spræcon, <a href="#li1477">1477</a>; hwät ... hýn&eth;o (gen.), fær-nî&eth;a (<i>what
+shame and sudden woes</i>), <a href="#li474">474</a>; so, hwät &thorn;u worn fela (<i>how very
+much thou</i>), <a href="#li530">530</a>; swylces hwät, <a href="#li881">881</a>; hwät ... ârna, <a href="#li1187">1187</a>; dat. m.
+hwâm, <a href="#li1697">1697</a>.&mdash;Comp. æg-hwâ.</p>
+
+<p>hwät, interj., <i>what! lo! indeed!</i> <a href="#li1">1</a>, <a href="#li943">943</a>, <a href="#li2249">2249</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hwâ, w. part, gen., <i>each, each one</i>: acc. sg. m. wi&eth; feónda
+gehwone, <a href="#li294">294</a>; nî&eth;a gehwane, <a href="#li2398">2398</a>; mêca gehwane, <a href="#li2686">2686</a>; gum-cynnes
+gehwone, <a href="#li2766">2766</a>; fem, on healfa gehwone, <a href="#li801">801</a>; dat. sg. m. dôgora gehwâm,
+<a href="#li88">88</a>; ät nî&eth;a gehwâm, <a href="#li883">883</a>; &thorn;egna gehwâm, <a href="#li2034">2034</a>; eorla gehwæm, <a href="#li1421">1421</a>; fem.
+in mæg&eth;a ge-hwære, <a href="#li25">25</a>; nihta gehwæm, <a href="#li1366">1366</a>; gen. sing. m. manna gehwäs,
+<a href="#li2528">2528</a>; fem. dæda gehwäs, <a href="#li2839">2839</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwâr">hwâr</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhwær">hwær</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwäder">hwäder</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhwider">hwider</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwäther">hwä&eth;er</a>, pron., <i>which of two</i>: nom. sg. hwä&eth;er ... uncer
+twega, <a href="#li2531">2531</a>; swâ hwä&eth;er, <i>utercunque</i>: acc. sg. on swâ hwä&eth;ere
+hond swâ him gemet &thorn;ince, <a href="#li687">687</a>.&mdash;Comp. æg-hwä&eth;er.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehwäther">hwä&eth;er</a>, <i>each of two, either-other</i>: nom. sg. m. wäs
+gehwä&eth;er ô&eth;rum lifigende lâ&eth;, <a href="#li815">815</a>; wäs ... gehwä&eth;er ô&eth;rum hrô&eth;ra
+gemyndig, <a href="#li2172">2172</a>; ne gehwä&eth;er incer (<i>nor either of you two</i>), <a href="#li584">584</a>;
+nom. sg. neut. gehwä&eth;er &thorn;âra (<i>either of them</i>, i.e. ready for
+war or peace), <a href="#li1249">1249</a>; dat. sg. hiora gehwä&eth;rum, <a href="#li2995">2995</a>; gen. sg. bega
+gehwä&eth;res, <a href="#li1044">1044</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwäther">hwä&eth;er, hwä&eth;ere, hwä&eth;re</a>, 1) adv., <i>yet, nevertheless</i>:
+hwä&eth;re, <a href="#li555">555</a>, <a href="#li891">891</a>, <a href="#li1271">1271</a>, <a href="#li2099">2099</a>, <a href="#li2299">2299</a>, <a href="#li2378">2378</a>, etc.; hwä&eth;re swâ &thorn;eáh,
+<i>however, notwithstanding</i>, <a href="#li2443">2443</a>; hwä&eth;ere, <a href="#li574">574</a>, <a href="#li578">578</a>, <a href="#li971">971</a>,
+<a href="#li1719">1719</a>&mdash;2) conj., = <i>utrum, whether</i>: hwä&eth;re, <a href="#li1315">1315</a>; hwä&eth;er, <a href="#li1357">1357</a>,
+<a href="#li2786">2786</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwät">hwät</a>, adj., <i>sharp, bold, valiant</i>: nom. sg. se secg
+hwata, <a href="#li3029">3029</a>; dat. sg. hwatum, <a href="#li2162">2162</a>; nom. pl. hwate, <a href="#li1602">1602</a>, <a href="#li2053">2053</a>; acc.
+pl. hwate, <a href="#li2643">2643</a>, <a href="#li3006">3006</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwät.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwät">hwät</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhwâ">hwâ</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwær">hwær</a>, adv., <i>where</i>: elles hwær, <i>elsewhere</i>, <a href="#li138">138</a>;
+hwær, <i>somewhere</i>, <a href="#li2030">2030</a>. In elliptical question: wundur hwâr
+&thorn;onne..., <i>is it a wonder when...?</i> <a href="#li3063">3063</a>.&mdash;Comp. ô-hwær.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hwær, <i>everywhere</i>: &thorn;eáh &thorn;u hea&eth;o-ræsa gehwær dohte
+(<i>everywhere good in battle</i>), <a href="#li526">526</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwele">hwele</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhwyle">hwyle</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwergen">hwergen</a>, adv., <i>anywhere</i>: elles hwergen,
+<i>elsewhere</i>, <a href="#li2591">2591</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwettan">hwettan</a>, w. v., <i>to encourage, urge</i>: pres. subj. swâ &thorn;in
+sefa hwette (<i>as thy mind urges, as thou likest</i>), <a href="#li490">490</a>; pret. pl.
+hwetton higerôfne (<i>they whetted the brave one</i>), <a href="#li204">204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwêne">hwêne</a>, adv., <i>a little, paululum</i>, <a href="#li2700">2700</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwealf">hwealf</a>, st. f., <i>vault</i>: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf,
+<a href="#li576">576</a>, <a href="#li2016">2016</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhweorfan">hweorfan</a>, st. v., <i>to stride deliberately, turn, depart,
+move, die</i>: pres. pl. &thorn;âra &thorn;e cwice hwyrfa&eth;, <a href="#li98">98</a>; inf. hwîlum he on
+lufan læte&eth; hworfan monnes môd-ge&thorn;onc (<i>sometimes on love</i> (?)
+<i>possessions</i> (?) <i>permits the thoughts of man to turn</i>),
+<a href="#li1729">1729</a>; londrihtes môt ... monna æghwylc îdel hweorfan (<i>of rights of
+land each one of men must be deprived</i>), <a href="#li2889">2889</a>; pret. sg. fäder
+ellor hwearf ... of earde (<i>died</i>), <a href="#li55">55</a>; hwearf &thorn;â hrädlîce &thorn;ær
+Hrô&eth;gâr sät, <a href="#li356">356</a>; hwearf &thorn;â bî bence (<i>turned then to the
+bench</i>), <a href="#li1189">1189</a>; so, hwearf &thorn;â be wealle, <a href="#li1574">1574</a>; hwearf geond &thorn;ät
+reced, <a href="#li1982">1982</a>; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf (<i>went oft round the cave</i>),
+<a href="#li2297">2297</a>; nalles äfter lyfte lâcende hwearf (<i>not at all through the air
+did he go springing</i>), <a href="#li2833">2833</a>; subj. pret. sg, ær he on weg hwurfe ...
+of geardum (<i>died</i>), <a href="#li264">264</a>.</p>
+
+<p>and-hweorfan, <i>to move against</i>: pret. sg. ô&eth; &thorn;ät ... nor&eth;an wind
+hea&eth;o-grim and-hwearf (<i>till the fierce north wind blew in our
+faces</i>), <a href="#li548">548</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-hweorfan, <i>to go to</i>: pret. sg. hwîlum he on beorh ät-hwearf
+(<i>at times returned to the mountain</i>), <a href="#li2300">2300</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hweorfan, <i>to go, come</i>: pret. sg. gehwearf &thorn;â in Francna fä&eth;m
+feorh cyninges, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>; hit on æht gehwearf ... Denigea freán, <a href="#li1680">1680</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1685">1685</a>, <a href="#li2209">2209</a>.</p>
+
+<p>geond-hweorfan, <i>to go through from end to end</i>: pres. sg. flet
+eall geond-hwearf, <a href="#li2018">2018</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwider">hwider</a>, adv., <i>whither</i>: hwyder, <a href="#li163">163</a>; hwäder (hwä&eth;er,
+MS.), <a href="#li1332">1332</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwîl">hwîl</a>, st. f., <i>time, space of time</i>: nom. sg. wäs seó hwîl
+micel (<i>it was a long time</i>), <a href="#li146">146</a>; &thorn;â wäs hwîl däges (<i>the
+space of a day</i>), <a href="#li1496">1496</a>; acc. sg. hwîle, <i>for a time</i>, <a href="#li2138">2138</a>;
+<i>a while</i>, <a href="#li105">105</a>, <a href="#li152">152</a>; lange (longe) hwîle, <i>a long while</i>,
+<a href="#li16">16</a>, <a href="#li2781">2781</a>; âne hwîle, <i>a while</i>, <a href="#li1763">1763</a>; lytle hwîle, <i>brief
+space</i>, <a href="#li2031">2031</a>, <a href="#li2098">2098</a>; ænige hwîle, <i>any while</i>, <a href="#li2549">2549</a>; lässan
+hwîle, <i>a lesser while</i>, <a href="#li2572">2572</a>; dat. sg. ær däges hwîle, <i>before
+daybreak</i>, <a href="#li2321">2321</a>; dat. pl. nihtes hwîlum, <i>sometimes at night</i>,
+<a href="#li3045">3045</a>. Adv., <i>sometimes, often</i>: hwîlum, <a href="#li175">175</a>, <a href="#li496">496</a>, <a href="#li917">917</a>, <a href="#li1729">1729</a>,
+<a href="#li1829">1829</a>, <a href="#li2017">2017</a>, <a href="#li2112">2112</a>, etc.; hwîlum ... hwîlum, <a href="#li2108">2108-9-10</a>.&mdash;Comp.: däg-,
+gescäp-, orleg-, sige-hwîl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwît">hwît</a>, adj., <i>brilliant, flashing</i>: nom. sg. se hwîta helm,
+<a href="#li1449">1449</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhworfan">hworfan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhweorfan">hweorfan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwôpan">hwôpan</a>, st. v., <i>to cry, cry out mourn</i>: pret. sg. hweóp,
+<a href="#li2269">2269</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwyder">hwyder</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhwider">hwider</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwylc">hwylc</a>, pron., <i>which, what, any</i>: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m.
+scea&eth;a ic nât hwylc, <a href="#li274">274</a>; fem, hwylc orleghwîl, <a href="#li2003">2003</a>; nom. pl. hwylce
+Sægeáta sî&eth;as wæron, <a href="#li1987">1987</a>.&mdash;2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna
+hwylc, <a href="#li1105">1105</a>; fem, efne swâ hwylc mäg&eth;a swâ &thorn;one magan cende
+(<i>whatever woman brought forth this son</i>), <a href="#li944">944</a>; neut. &thorn;onne his
+bearna hwylc (<i>than any one of his sons</i>), <a href="#li2434">2434</a>; dat. sg. efne
+swâ hwylcum manna swâ him gemet &thorn;ûhte, <a href="#li3058">3058</a>.&mdash;Comp.: æg-, nât-,
+wel-hwylc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehwylc">hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc</a>, w. gen. pl., <i>each</i>: nom.
+sg. m. gehwylc, <a href="#li986">986</a>, <a href="#li1167">1167</a>, <a href="#li1674">1674</a>; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, <a href="#li937">937</a>, <a href="#li2251">2251</a>,
+<a href="#li2517">2517</a>; gehwelcne, <a href="#li148">148</a>; fem, gehwylce, <a href="#li1706">1706</a>; neut. gehwylc, <a href="#li2609">2609</a>; instr.
+sg. dôgra gehwylce, <a href="#li1091">1091</a>; so, <a href="#li2058">2058</a>, <a href="#li2451">2451</a>; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, <a href="#li412">412</a>,
+<a href="#li769">769</a>, <a href="#li785">785</a>, etc.; fem, ecga gehwylcre, <a href="#li806">806</a>; neut. cynna gehwylcum, <a href="#li98">98</a>;
+gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces, <a href="#li733">733</a>, <a href="#li1397">1397</a>, <a href="#li2095">2095</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhwyrft">hwyrft</a>, st. m., <i>circling movement, turn</i>: dat. pl. adv.
+hwyrftum scrî&eth;a&eth; (<i>wander to and fro</i>), <a href="#li163">163</a>.&mdash;Comp. ed-hwyrft.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhycgan">hycgan</a>, w. v., <i>to think, resolve upon</i>: pret. sg. ic &thorn;ät
+hogode &thorn;ät ... (<i>my intention was that ...</i>), <a href="#li633">633</a>.&mdash;Comp. w.
+pres. part.: bealo-, heard-, swî&eth;-, &thorn;anc-, wîs-hycgend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glforhycgan">for-hycgan</a>, <i>to despise, scorn, reject with contempt</i>:
+pres. sg. I. ic &thorn;ät &thorn;onne for-hicge &thorn;ät ..., <i>reject with scorn the
+proposition that ...</i>, <a href="#li435">435</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehycgan">hycgan</a>, <i>to think, determine upon</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â &thorn;u ...
+feorr gehogodest säcce sêcean, <a href="#li1989">1989</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferhycgan">ofer-hycgan</a>, <i>to scorn</i>: pret. sg. ofer-hogode &thorn;â hringa
+fengel &thorn;ät he &thorn;one wîdflogan weorode gesôhte (<i>scorned to seek the
+wide-flier with a host</i>), <a href="#li2346">2346</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhydig">hydig</a> (for <b>hygdig</b>), adj., <i>thinking, of a certain
+mind</i>: comp. ân-, bealo-, grom-, nî&eth;-, &thorn;rîst-hydig.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehygd">hygd</a>, st. n., <i>thought, sentiment</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh
+hre&eth;ra gehygd, <a href="#li2046">2046</a>.&mdash;Comp.: breóst-, môd-gehygd, won-hyd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyge">hyge, hige</a>, st. m., <i>mind, heart, thought</i>: nom. sg. hyge,
+<a href="#li756">756</a>; hige, <a href="#li594">594</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;urh holdne hige, <a href="#li267">267</a>; gen. sg. higes, <a href="#li2046">2046</a>;
+dat. pl. higum, <a href="#li3149">3149</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygebend">hyge-bend</a>, st. m. f., <i>mind-fetter, heart-band</i>: instr.
+pl. hyge-bendum fäst, <i>fast in his mind's fetters, secretly</i>,
+<a href="#li1879">1879</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygegeômor">hyge-geômor</a>, adj., <i>sad in mind</i>: nom. sg. hyge-giômor,
+<a href="#li2409">2409</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygemêthe">hyge-mê&eth;e</a>, adj.: 1) <i>sorrowful, soul-crushing</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2443">2443</a>.&mdash;2) <i>life-weary, dead</i>: dat. pl. hyge-mê&eth;um (-mæ&eth;um, MS.),
+<a href="#li2910">2910</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygerôf">hyge-rôf</a>, adj., <i>brave, valiant, vigorous-minded</i>: nom.
+sg. [hygerôf], <a href="#li403">403</a>; acc. sg. hige-rôfne, <a href="#li204">204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygesorh">hyge-sorh</a>, st. f., <i>heart-sorrow</i>: gen. pl. -sorga, <a href="#li2329">2329</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygethyhtig">hyge-&thorn;yhtig</a>, adj., <i>doughty, courageous</i>: acc. sg.
+hige-&thorn;ihtigne (of Beówulf), <a href="#li747">747</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthyhtig">&thorn;yhtig</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhygethrym">hyge-&thorn;rym</a>, st. m., <i>animi majestas, high-mindedness</i>: dat.
+pl. for hige-&thorn;rymmum, <a href="#li339">339</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyht">hyht</a>, st. m., <i>thought, pleasant thought, hope</i>
+(Dietrich): nom. sg., <a href="#li179">179</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehyld">hyld</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glhealdan">healdan</a>), st. n., <i>support,
+protection</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3057">3057</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyldan">hyldan</a>, w. v., <i>to incline one's self, lie down to sleep</i>:
+pret. sg. hylde hine, <i>inclined himself, lay down</i>, <a href="#li689">689</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyldo">hyldo</a>, st. f., <i>inclination, friendliness, grace</i>: acc.
+sg. hyldo, <a href="#li2068">2068</a>, <a href="#li2294">2294</a>; gen. sg. hyldo, <a href="#li671">671</a>, <a href="#li2999">2999</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâhyrdan">â-hyrdan</a>, w. v., <i>harden</i>: pret. part. â-hyrded, <a href="#li1461">1461</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyrde">hyrde</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhirde">hirde</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyrst">hyrst</a>, st. f., <i>accoutrements, ornament, armor</i>: acc. sg.
+hyrste (Ongen&thorn;eów's <i>equipments and arms</i>), <a href="#li2989">2989</a>; acc. pl.
+hyrsta, <a href="#li3166">3166</a>; instr. pl. hyrstum, <a href="#li2763">2763</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyrstan">hyrstan</a>, w. v., <i>to deck, adorn</i>: pret. part. hyrsted
+sweord, <a href="#li673">673</a>; helm [hyr]sted golde, <a href="#li2256">2256</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyrtan">hyrtan</a>, w. v., <i>to take heart, be emboldened</i>: pret. sg.
+hyrte hyne hord-weard (<i>the drake took heart</i>; see <a href="#li2566">2566</a>, <a href="#li2568">2568</a>,
+<a href="#li2570">2570</a>), <a href="#li2594">2594</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyse">hyse</a>, st. m., <i>youth, young man</i>: nom. sg. as voc., <a href="#li1218">1218</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhyt">hyt</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhit">hit</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýdan">hýdan</a>, w. v., <i>to hide, conceal, protect, preserve</i>: pres.
+subj. hýde [hine, <i>himself</i>] se &thorn;e wylle, <a href="#li2767">2767</a>; inf. w. acc. nô
+&thorn;u mînne &thorn;earft hafalan hýdan, <a href="#li446">446</a>; ær he in wille hafelan [hýdan]
+(<i>ere in it he</i> [the stag] <i>will hide his head</i>), <a href="#li1373">1373</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgehýdan">hýdan</a>, w. acc., <i>to conceal, preserve</i>: pret. sg.
+gehýdde, <a href="#li2236">2236</a>, <a href="#li3060">3060</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýth">hý&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>haven</i>: dat. sg. ät hý&eth;e, <a href="#li32">32</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýthweard">hý&eth;-weard</a>, st. m., <i>haven-warden</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1915">1915</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýnan">hýnan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glheán">heán</a>), w. v. w. acc., <i>to crush, afflict,
+injure</i>: pret. sg. hýnde, <a href="#li2320">2320</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýnthu">hýn&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>oppression, affliction, injury</i>: acc. sg.
+hýn&eth;u, <a href="#li277">277</a>; gen. sg. hwät ... hýn&eth;o, <a href="#li475">475</a>; fela ... hýn&eth;o, <a href="#li594">594</a>; gen.
+pl. heardra hýn&eth;a, <a href="#li166">166</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhýran">hýran</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to hear, perceive, learn</i>: a) w. inf. or acc.
+with inf.: I. pret. sg. hýrde ic, <a href="#li38">38</a>, <a href="#li582">582</a>, <a href="#li1347">1347</a>, <a href="#li1843">1843</a>, <a href="#li2024">2024</a>; III. sg. &thorn;ät
+he fram Sigemunde secgan hýrde, <a href="#li876">876</a>; I. pl. swâ we sô&eth;lîce secgan hýrdon,
+<a href="#li273">273</a>. b) w. acc.: nænigne ic ... sêlran hýrde hordmâ&eth;&eth;um (<i>I heard of no
+better hoard-jewel</i>), <a href="#li1198">1198</a>. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hýrde
+ic &thorn;ät ..., <a href="#li62">62</a>, <a href="#li2164">2164</a>, <a href="#li2173">2173</a>.&mdash;2) w. dat. of person, <i>to obey</i>: inf. ô&eth;
+&thorn;ät him æghwylc &thorn;âra ymbsittendra hýran scolde, <a href="#li10">10</a>; hýran hea&eth;o-siócum,
+<a href="#li2755">2755</a>; Pret. pl. &thorn;ät him winemâgas georne hýrdon, <a href="#li66">66</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-hýran, <i>to hear, learn</i>: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. mînne
+gehýra&eth; ânfealdne ge&thorn;ôht, <a href="#li255">255</a>; III. sg. pret. gehýrde on Beówulfe fästrædne
+ge&thorn;ôht, <a href="#li610">610</a>. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehýrdon, <a href="#li786">786</a>. c) w.
+depend. clause: I. pres. sg. ic &thorn;ät gehýre &thorn;ät ..., <a href="#li290">290</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossI">I</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glic">ic</a>, pers. pron. <i>I</i>: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. mîn; dual nom.
+wit, acc. uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. ûsic, ûs,
+dat. ûs, gen. ûser. ic omitted before the verb, <a href="#li470">470</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glicge">icge</a>, <i>gold</i> (perhaps related to Sanskrit îç, = dominare,
+imperare, O.H.G. êht, <i>wealth</i>, opes), <i>treasure?, sword</i>
+(edge)?, <a href="#li1108">1108</a>.&mdash;Körner.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glides">ides</a>, st. f., <i>woman, lady, queen</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li621">621</a>, <a href="#li1076">1076</a>,
+<a href="#li1118">1118</a>, <a href="#li1169">1169</a>; dat. sg. idese, <a href="#li1650">1650</a>, <a href="#li1942">1942</a>. Also of Grendel's mother: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1260">1260</a>; gen. sg. idese, <a href="#li1352">1352</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glin">in</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glinn">inn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glin">in</a>: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating
+rest), <i>in</i>: in geardum, <a href="#li13">13</a>, <a href="#li2460">2460</a>; in &thorn;äm gû&eth;sele, <a href="#li443">443</a>; in
+beórsele, <a href="#li2636">2636</a>; so, <a href="#li89">89</a>, <a href="#li482">482</a>, <a href="#li589">589</a>, <a href="#li696">696</a>, <a href="#li729">729</a>, <a href="#li2140">2140</a>, <a href="#li2233">2233</a>, etc.; in mæg&eth;a
+gehwære, <a href="#li25">25</a>; in &thorn;ýstrum, <a href="#li87">87</a>; in Caines cynne, <a href="#li107">107</a>; in hyra
+gryregeatwum (<i>in their accoutrements of terror, war-weeds</i>),
+<a href="#li324">324</a>; so, <a href="#li395">395</a>; in campe (<i>in battle</i>), <a href="#li2506">2506</a>; hiora in ânum (<i>in
+one of them</i>), <a href="#li2600">2600</a>. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, <a href="#li19">19</a>. Also,
+<i>on, upon</i>, like on: in ealo-bence, <a href="#li1030">1030</a>; in gumstôle, <a href="#li1953">1953</a>; in
+&thorn;am wongstede (<i>on the grassy plain, the battle-field</i>), <a href="#li2787">2787</a>; in
+bælstede, <a href="#li3098">3098</a>. Temporal: in geâr-dagum, <a href="#li1">1</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc. (local,
+indicating motion), <i>in, into</i>: in woruld, <a href="#li60">60</a>; in fýres fä&eth;m,
+<a href="#li185">185</a>; so, <a href="#li1211">1211</a>; in Hrefnesholt, <a href="#li2936">2936</a>. Temporal, <i>in, at, about,
+toward</i>: in &thorn;â tîde (in watide, MS.), <a href="#li2228">2228</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. adv., <i>in</i> (here or there), <a href="#li386">386</a>, <a href="#li1038">1038</a>, <a href="#li1372">1372</a>, <a href="#li1503">1503</a>, <a href="#li1645">1645</a>,
+<a href="#li2153">2153</a>, <a href="#li2191">2191</a>, <a href="#li2228">2228</a>; inn, <a href="#li3091">3091</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glincge">incge</a>, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lâfe
+(<i>with the costly sword</i> ? or <i>with mighty sword</i>?),
+<a href="#li2578">2578</a>.&mdash;[<i>Edge</i>: incge lâfe, <i>edge of the sword</i>.&mdash;K.
+Körner?]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinfrôd">in-frôd</a>, adj., <i>very aged</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2450">2450</a>; dat. sg.
+in-frôdum, <a href="#li1875">1875</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glingang">in-gang</a>, st. m., <i>entrance, access to</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1550">1550</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glingenga">in-genga</a>, w. m., <i>in-goer, visitor</i>: nom. sg., of Grendel,
+<a href="#li1777">1777</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glingesteald">in-gesteald</a>, st. m., <i>house-property, possessions in the
+house</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1156">1156</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinn">inn</a>, st. n., <i>apartment, house</i>: nom. sg. in, <a href="#li1301">1301</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinnan">innan</a>, adv., <i>within, inside</i>, <a href="#li775">775</a>, <a href="#li1018">1018</a>, <a href="#li2413">2413</a>, <a href="#li2720">2720</a>; on
+innan (<i>in the interior</i>), <i>within</i>, <a href="#li1741">1741</a>, <a href="#li2716">2716</a>; &thorn;ær on
+innan (<i>in there</i>), <a href="#li71">71</a>; burgum on innan (<i>within his city</i>),
+<a href="#li1969">1969</a>. Also, <i>therein</i>: &thorn;ær on innan, <a href="#li2090">2090</a>, <a href="#li2215">2215</a>, <a href="#li2245">2245</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinnanweard">innan-weard</a>, adv., <i>inwards, inside, within</i>, <a href="#li992">992</a>, <a href="#li1977">1977</a>;
+inne-weard, <a href="#li999">999</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinne">inne</a>, adv.: 1) <i>inside, within</i>, <a href="#li643">643</a>, <a href="#li1282">1282</a>, <a href="#li1571">1571</a>, <a href="#li2114">2114</a>,
+<a href="#li3060">3060</a>; word inne âbeád (<i>called, sent word, in</i>, i.e. standing in
+the hall door), <a href="#li390">390</a>; <i>in it</i> (i.e. the battle), <a href="#li1142">1142</a>; &thorn;ær inne
+(<i>therein</i>), <a href="#li118">118</a>, <a href="#li1618">1618</a>, <a href="#li2116">2116</a>, <a href="#li2227">2227</a>, <a href="#li3088">3088</a>.&mdash;2) = <i>insuper, still
+further, besides</i>, <a href="#li1867">1867</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwit">inwit</a>, st. n., <i>evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility</i>,
+as in</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitfeng">inwit-feng</a>, st. m., <i>malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning
+foe</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1448">1448</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitgäst">inwit-gäst</a>, st. m., <i>evil guest, hostile stranger</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2671">2671</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwithrôf">inwit-hrôf</a>, st. m., <i>hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning
+foe</i>: acc. sg. under inwit-hrôf, <a href="#li3124">3124</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitnet">inwit-net</a>, st. n., <i>mischief-net, cunning snare</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li2168">2168</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitnîth">inwit-nî&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>cunning hostility, hostile contest</i>:
+nom. pl. inwit-nî&eth;as (<i>hostility through secret attack</i>), <a href="#li1859">1859</a>;
+gen. pl. inwit-nî&eth;a, <a href="#li1948">1948</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitscear">inwit-scear</a>, st. m., <i>massacre through cunning, murderous
+attack</i>: acc. sg. eatolne inwit-scear, <a href="#li2479">2479</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitsearo">inwit-searo</a>, st. n., <i>cunning, artful intrigue</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;urh inwit-searo, <a href="#li1102">1102</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsearo">searo</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitsorh">inwit-sorh</a>, st. f., <i>grief, remorse, mourning springing from
+hostile cunning</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1737">1737</a>; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, <a href="#li832">832</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glinwitthanc">inwit-&thorn;anc</a>, adj., <i>ill-disposed, malicious</i>: dat. sg. he
+onfêng hra&eth;e inwit-&thorn;ancum (<i>he quickly grasped the
+cunning-in-mind</i> [Grendel]), <a href="#li749">749</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glirnan">irnan</a> (for <b>rinnan</b>), st. v., <i>to run</i>: so be-irnan,
+<i>to run up to, occur</i>: pret. sg him on môd be-arn (<i>came
+into his mind</i>), <a href="#li67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-irnan, <i>to open</i>: pret. sg. duru sôna onarn, <a href="#li722">722</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glirremôd">irre-môd</a>, adj. See <a class="glentry" href="#glyrremôd">yrre-môd</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossIl">Î</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîdel">îdel</a>, adj., <i>empty, bare; deprived of</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li145">145</a>,
+<a href="#li413">413</a>; w. gen. lond-rihtes &thorn;ære mægburge îdel (<i>deprived of his
+land-possessions among the people</i> [of the Geátas]), <a href="#li2889">2889</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîdelhende">îdel-hende</a>, adj., <i>empty-handed</i>, <a href="#li2082">2082</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîren">îren</a>, st. n., <i>iron, sword</i>: nom. sg. dryhtlîc îren
+(<i>the doughty, lordly sword</i>), <a href="#li893">893</a>; îren ær-gôd, <a href="#li990">990</a>; acc. sg.
+leóflîc îren, <a href="#li1810">1810</a>; gen. pl. îrena cyst (<i>choicest of swords</i>),
+<a href="#li674">674</a>; îrenna cyst, <a href="#li803">803</a>; îrenna ecge (<i>edges of swords</i>), <a href="#li2684">2684</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîren">îren</a>, adj., <i>of iron</i>: nom. sg. ecg wäs îren, <a href="#li1460">1460</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîrenbend">îren-bend</a>, st. f., <i>iron band, bond, rivet</i>: instr. pl.
+îren-bendum fäst (bold), <a href="#li775">775</a>, <a href="#li999">999</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîrenbyrne">îren-byrne</a>, w. f., <i>iron corselet</i>: acc. sg. îren-byrnan,
+<a href="#li2987">2987</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glîsernbyrne">îsern-byrne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîrenheard">îren-heard</a>, adj., <i>hard as iron</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1113">1113</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîrenne">îrenne</a>, adj., <i>of iron</i>: in comp. eall-îrenne.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîrenthreát">îren-&thorn;reát</a>, st. m., <i>iron troop, armored band</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li330">330</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîs">îs</a>, st. n., <i>ice</i>: dat. sg. îse, <a href="#li1609">1609</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîsernbyrne">îsern-byrne</a>, w. f., <i>iron corselet</i>: acc. sg.
+îsern-byrnan, <a href="#li672">672</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glîrenbyrne">îren-byrne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîsernscûr">îsern-scûr</a>, st. f., <i>iron shower, shower of arrows</i>: gen.
+sg. &thorn;one &thorn;e oft gebâd îsern-scûre, <a href="#li3117">3117</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîsgebind">îs-gebind</a>, st. n., <i>fetters of ice</i>: instr. sg.
+îs-gebinde, <a href="#li1134">1134</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glîsig">îsig</a>, adj., <i>shining, brilliant</i> (like brass): nom. sg.
+îsig (said of a vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), <a href="#li33">33</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossIO">IO IU</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gliú">iú</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgeó">geó</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gliúman">iú-man</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgeóman">geó-man</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gliómeówle">ió-meówle</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgeómeówle">geó-meówle</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossL">L</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllathu">la&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>invitation</i>.&mdash;Comp.: freónd-, neód-la&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgelafian">lafian</a>, w. v. w. acc. pers. and instr. of the thing, <i>to
+refresh, lave</i>: pret. sg. wine-dryhten his wätere gelafede, <a href="#li2723">2723</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllagu">lagu</a>, st. m., <i>lake, sea</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1631">1631</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllagucräftig">lagu-cräftig</a>, adj., <i>acquainted with the sea</i>: nom. sg.
+lagu-cräftig mon (<i>pilot</i>), <a href="#li209">209</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllagustræt">lagu-stræt</a>, st. f., <i>path over the sea</i>: acc. sg. ofer
+lagu-stræte, <a href="#li239">239</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllagustreám">lagu-streám</a>, st. m., <i>sea-current, flood</i>: acc. pl. ofer
+lagu-streámas, <a href="#li297">297</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glland">land</a>, st. n., <i>land</i>: nom. sg. lond, <a href="#li2198">2198</a>; acc. sg. land,
+<a href="#li221">221</a>, <a href="#li2063">2063</a>; lond, <a href="#li2472">2472</a>, <a href="#li2493">2493</a>; land Dena, <a href="#li242">242</a>, <a href="#li253">253</a>; lond Brondinga, <a href="#li521">521</a>;
+Finna land, <a href="#li580">580</a>; dat. sg. on lande (<i>in the land</i>), <a href="#li2311">2311</a>, <a href="#li2837">2837</a>;
+<i>at near, land, shore</i>, <a href="#li1914">1914</a>; tô lande (<i>to the land,
+ashore</i>), <a href="#li1624">1624</a>; gen. sg. landes, <a href="#li2996">2996</a>; gen. pl. ofer landa fela
+(<i>over much country, space; afar</i>), <a href="#li311">311</a>.&mdash;Comp.: el-, eá-land.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandbûend">land-bûend</a>, part, pres., terricola, <i>inhabitant of the
+land</i>: nom. pl. lond-bûend, <a href="#li1346">1346</a>; dat. pl. land-bûendum, <a href="#li95">95</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandfruma">land-fruma</a>, w. m., <i>ruler, prince of the country</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li31">31</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandgemyrcu">land-gemyrcu</a>, st. n. pl., <i>frontier, land-mark</i>: acc. pl.,
+<a href="#li209">209</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandgeweorc">land-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>land-work, fortified place</i>: acc.
+sg. leóda land-geweorc, <a href="#li939">939</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorc">weorc, geweorc</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandriht">land-riht</a>, st. n., <i>prerogatives based upon land-possessions,
+right to possess land</i>, hence <i>real estate</i> itself: gen. sg.
+lond-rihtes îdel, <a href="#li2887">2887</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandwaru">land-waru</a>, st. f., <i>inhabitants, population</i>: acc. pl.
+land-wara, <a href="#li2322">2322</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllandweard">land-weard</a>, st. m., <i>guard, guardian of the frontier</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1891">1891</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllang">lang, long</a>, adj., <i>long</i>: 1) temporal: nom. sg. tô lang,
+<a href="#li2094">2094</a>; näs &thorn;â long (lang) tô &thorn;on (<i>not long after</i>), <a href="#li2592">2592</a>, <a href="#li2846">2846</a>;
+acc. sg. lange hwîle (<i>for a long time</i>), <a href="#li16">16</a>, <a href="#li2160">2160</a>, <a href="#li2781">2781</a>; longe
+(lange) &thorn;rage, <a href="#li54">54</a>, <a href="#li114">114</a>, <a href="#li1258">1258</a>; lange tîd, <a href="#li1916">1916</a>. Compar. nom. sg. lengra
+fyrst, <a href="#li134">134</a>.&mdash;2) local, nom. sg. se wäs fîftiges fôtgemearces lang,
+<a href="#li3044">3044</a>.&mdash;Comp.: and-, morgen-, niht-, up-lang.</p>
+
+<p>lange, longe, adv., <i>long</i>: lange, <a href="#li31">31</a>, <a href="#li1995">1995</a>, <a href="#li2131">2131</a>, <a href="#li2345">2345</a>, <a href="#li2424">2424</a>;
+longe, <a href="#li1062">1062</a>, <a href="#li2752">2752</a>, <a href="#li3109">3109</a>; tô lange (<i>too long, excessively long</i>),
+<a href="#li906">906</a>, <a href="#li1337">1337</a>, <a href="#li1749">1749</a>. Compar. leng, <a href="#li451">451</a>, <a href="#li1855">1855</a>, <a href="#li2802">2802</a>, <a href="#li3065">3065</a>; nô &thorn;ý leng
+(<i>none the longer</i>), <a href="#li975">975</a>. Superl. lengest (<i>longest</i>), <a href="#li2009">2009</a>,
+<a href="#li2239">2239</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgelang">lang</a>, adj., <i>extending, reaching to something</i> or
+<i>somebody</i>, hence <i>ready, prepared</i>: nû is ræd gelang eft ät
+&thorn;e ânum (<i>now is help [counsel] at hand in thee alone</i>), <a href="#li1377">1377</a>;
+gen is eall ät &thorn;e lissa gelong (<i>all of favor is still on thee
+dependent, is thine</i>), <a href="#li2151">2151</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glgelenge">ge-lenge</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllanggestreón">lang-ge-streón</a>, st. n., <i>long-lasting treasure</i>: gen. pl.
+long-gestreóna, <a href="#li2241">2241</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllangian">langian</a>, w. v., reflex, w. dat, <i>to long, yearn</i>: pres.
+sg. III. him ...äfter deórum men dyrne langa&eth; beorn (<i>the hero
+longeth secretly after the dear man</i>), <a href="#li1880">1880</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllangsum">lang-sum</a>, adj., <i>long-lasting, continuing</i>: nom. sg.
+longsum, <a href="#li134">134</a>, <a href="#li192">192</a>, <a href="#li1723">1723</a>; acc. sg. long-sumne, <a href="#li1537">1537</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllangtwidig">lang-twidig</a>, adj., <i>long-granted, assured</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1709">1709</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllata">lata</a>, w. m., <i>a lazy, cowardly one</i>; in comp. hild-lata.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâ">lâ</a>, interj., <i>yes! indeed!</i> <a href="#li1701">1701</a>, <a href="#li2865">2865</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâc">lâc</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>measured movement, play</i>: in comp.
+beadu-, hea&eth;o-lâc.&mdash;2) <i>gift, offering</i>: acc. pl. lâc, <a href="#li1864">1864</a>;
+lâ&eth;lîcu lâc (<i>loathly offering, prey</i>), <a href="#li1585">1585</a>; dat. pl. lâcum, <a href="#li43">43</a>,
+<a href="#li1869">1869</a>.&mdash;Comp. sæ-lâc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-lâc, st. n., <i>sport, play</i>: acc. pl. sweorda gelâc
+(<i>battle</i>), <a href="#li1041">1041</a>; dat. pl. ät ecga gelâcum, <a href="#li1169">1169</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâcan">lâcan</a>, st. v., <i>to move in measured time, dancing, playing,
+fighting, flying</i>, etc.: inf. dare&eth;um lâcan (<i>fight</i>), <a href="#li2849">2849</a>;
+part. pres. äfter lyfte lâcende (<i>flying through the air</i>), <a href="#li2833">2833</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-lâcan, <i>to deceive, betray</i>: part, pret. he wear&eth; on feónda
+geweald for&eth; forlâcen (<i>deceitfully betrayed into the enemy's
+hands</i>), <a href="#li904">904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâd">lâd</a>, st. f., <i>street, way, journey</i>: dat. sg. on lâde,
+<a href="#li1988">1988</a>; gen. sg. lâde, <a href="#li569">569</a>.&mdash;Comp.: brim-, sæ-lâd.</p>
+
+<p>ge-lâd, st. n., <i>way, path, road</i>: acc. sg. uncû&eth; gelâd, <a href="#li1411">1411</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâth">lâ&eth;</a>, adj., <i>loathly, evil, hateful, hostile</i>: nom. sg.
+lâ&eth;, <a href="#li816">816</a>; lâ&eth; lyft-floga, <a href="#li2316">2316</a>; lâ&eth; (<i>enemy</i>), <a href="#li440">440</a>; ne leóf ne
+lâ&eth;, <a href="#li511">511</a>; neut. lâ&eth;, <a href="#li134">134</a>, <a href="#li192">192</a>; in weak form, se lâ&eth;a (of the dragon),
+<a href="#li2306">2306</a>; acc. sg. lâ&eth;ne (wyrm), <a href="#li3041">3041</a>; dat. sg. lâ&eth;um, <a href="#li440">440</a>, <a href="#li1258">1258</a>; gen.
+sg. lâ&eth;es (of the enemy), <a href="#li842">842</a>; fela lâ&eth;es (<i>much evil</i>), <a href="#li930">930</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1062">1062</a>; lâ&eth;an lîges, <a href="#li83">83</a>; lâ&eth;an cynnes, <a href="#li2009">2009</a>, <a href="#li2355">2355</a>; &thorn;äs lâ&eth;an (of the
+enemy), <a href="#li132">132</a>; acc. pl. neut. lâ&eth; gewidru (<i>hateful storms</i>), <a href="#li1376">1376</a>;
+dat. instr. pl. wi&eth; lâ&eth;um, <a href="#li550">550</a>; lâ&eth;um scuccum and scinnum, <a href="#li939">939</a>; lâ&eth;um
+dædum (<i>with evil deeds</i>), <a href="#li2468">2468</a>; lâ&eth;an fingrum, <a href="#li1506">1506</a>; gen. pl.
+lâ&eth;ra manna, spella, <a href="#li2673">2673</a>, <a href="#li3030">3030</a>; lâ&eth;ra (<i>the enemy</i>), <a href="#li242">242</a>.
+Compar. nom. sg. lâ&eth;ra ... beorn, <a href="#li2433">2433</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâthbite">lâ&eth;-bite</a>, st. m., <i>hostile bite</i>: dat. sg. lâ&eth;-bite lîces
+(<i>the body's hostile bite</i> = the wound), <a href="#li1123">1123</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâthgeteóna">lâ&eth;-geteóna</a>, w. m., <i>evil-doer, injurer</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li975">975</a>;
+nom. pl. lâ&eth;-geteónan, <a href="#li559">559</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâthlîc">lâ&eth;-lîc</a>, adj., <i>loathly, hostile</i>: acc. pl. lâ&eth;-lîcu,
+<a href="#li1585">1585</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâf">lâf</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>what is left, relic; inheritance, heritage,
+legacy</i>: nom. sg. Hrê&eth;lan lâf (Beówulf's corselet), <a href="#li454">454</a>; nom. pl.
+fêla lâfe (<i>the leavings of files</i> = swords, Grein), <a href="#li1033">1033</a>; so,
+homera lâfe, <a href="#li2830">2830</a>; on him gladia&eth; gomelra lâfe, heard and hringmæl
+Hea&eth;obeardna gestreón (<i>on him gleams the forefather's bequest, hard
+and ring-decked, the Hea&eth;obeardas' treasure</i>, i.e. the equipments
+taken from the slain king of the Hea&eth;obeardas), <a href="#li2037">2037</a>; acc. sg. sweorda
+lâfe (<i>leavings of the sword</i>, i.e. those spared by the sword),
+<a href="#li2937">2937</a>.&mdash;2) <i>the sword as a specially precious heir-loom</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2629">2629</a>; acc. sg. lâfe, <a href="#li796">796</a>, <a href="#li1489">1489</a>, <a href="#li1689">1689</a>, <a href="#li2192">2192</a>, <a href="#li2564">2564</a>; instr. sg.
+incge lâfe, <a href="#li2578">2578</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ende-, eormen-, weá-, yrfe-, ý&eth;-lâf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâr">lâr</a>, st. f., <i>lore, instruction, prescription</i>: dat. sg.
+be fäder lâre, <a href="#li1951">1951</a>; gen. pl. lâra, <a href="#li1221">1221</a>; lârena, <a href="#li269">269</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+freónd-lâr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâst">lâst</a>, st. m., <i>footstep, track</i>: acc. sg. lâst, <a href="#li132">132</a>, <a href="#li972">972</a>,
+<a href="#li2165">2165</a>; on lâst (<i>on the traces of, behind</i>), <a href="#li2946">2946</a>; nom. pl.
+lâstas, <a href="#li1403">1403</a>; acc. pl. lâstas, <a href="#li842">842</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fê&eth;e-, feorh-, fôt-,
+wräc-lâst.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glläger">läger</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glleger">leger</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllâgerbed">lâger-bed</a>, st. n., <i>bed to lie on</i> : instr. sg.
+leger-bedde, <a href="#li1008">1008</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glläs">läs</a>, adj., <i>less</i>, <a href="#li1947">1947</a>; &thorn;ý läs (<i>the less</i>), <a href="#li487">487</a>;
+conjunct, <i>that not, lest</i>, <a href="#li1919">1919</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllässa">lässa</a>, adj., <i>less, fewer</i>: nom. sg. lässa, <a href="#li1283">1283</a>; acc. sg.
+m. lässan, <a href="#li43">43</a>; fem, lässan hwîle, <a href="#li2572">2572</a>; dat. sg. for lässan (<i>for
+less, smaller</i>), <a href="#li952">952</a>. Superl. nom. sg. nô &thorn;ät läsest wäs
+hond-gemôt[a], <a href="#li2355">2355</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllät">lät</a>, adj., <i>negligent, neglectful</i>; w. gen.: nom. sg.
+elnes lät, <a href="#li1530">1530</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllædan">lædan</a>, w. v. w. acc.: <i>to lead, guide, bring</i>: inf. lædan,
+<a href="#li239">239</a>; pret. pl. læddon, <a href="#li1160">1160</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-1ædan, <i>to mislead</i>: pret. pl. for-læddan, <a href="#li2440">2440</a> (?).</p>
+
+<p>ge-lædan, <i>lead, bring</i>: part. pret. ge-læded, <a href="#li37">37</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllæfan">læfan</a>, w. v.: 1), <i>to bequeathe, leave</i>: imper. sg. &thorn;înum
+magum læf folc and rîce, <a href="#li1179">1179</a>; pret. sg. eaferum læfde ... lond and
+leódbyrig, <a href="#li2471">2471</a>.&mdash;2) <i>spare, leave behind</i>: âht cwices læfan
+(<i>to spare aught living</i>), <a href="#li2316">2316</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllændagas">læn-dagas</a>, st. m. pl., <i>loan-days, transitory days</i> (of
+earthly existence as contrasted with the heavenly, unending): acc. pl.
+læn-dagas, <a href="#li2592">2592</a>; gen. pl. læn-daga, <a href="#li2342">2342</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllæne">læne</a>, adj., <i>inconstant, perishable, evanescent, given over
+to death or destruction</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1755">1755</a>, <a href="#li3179">3179</a>; acc. sg. of
+rust-eaten treasures, <a href="#li3130">3130</a>; &thorn;âs lænan gesceaft (<i>this fleeting
+life</i>), <a href="#li1623">1623</a>; gen. sg. lænan lîfes, <a href="#li2846">2846</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllæran">læran</a>, w. v., <i>to teach, instruct</i>: imper. sg. &thorn;u &thorn;e lær
+be &thorn;on (<i>learn this, take this to heart</i>), <a href="#li1723">1723</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-læran, <i>to teach, instruct, give instruction</i>: inf. ic &thorn;äs
+Hrô&eth;gâr mäg ... ræd gelæran (<i>I can give H. good advice about
+this</i>), <a href="#li278">278</a>; so, <a href="#li3080">3080</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;â me &thorn;ät ge-lærdon leóde mîne
+(<i>gave me the advice</i>), <a href="#li415">415</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllæstan">læstan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to follow, to sustain, serve</i>: inf. &thorn;ät
+him se lîc-homa læstan nolde (<i>that his body would not sustain
+him</i>), <a href="#li813">813</a>.&mdash;2) <i>perform</i>: imper. læst eall tela (<i>do all
+well</i>), <a href="#li2664">2664</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-læstan: 1) <i>to follow, serve</i>: pret. sg. (sweord) &thorn;ät mec ær
+and oft gelæste, <a href="#li2501">2501</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to fulfil, grant</i>: subj. pres. pl.
+&thorn;ät ... wilgesî&eth;as, &thorn;onne wîg cume, leóde gelæstan (<i>render war
+service</i>), <a href="#li24">24</a>; inf. ic &thorn;e sceal mîne gelæstan freóde (<i>shall
+grant thee my friendship, be grateful</i>), <a href="#li1707">1707</a>; pret. sg. beót
+... gelæste (<i>fulfilled his boast</i>), <a href="#li524">524</a>; gelæste swâ (<i>kept his
+word</i>), <a href="#li2991">2991</a>; pres. part. häfde Eást-Denum ... gilp gelæsted (<i>had
+fulfilled for the East Danes his boast</i>), <a href="#li830">830</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllætan">lætan</a>, st. v., <i>to let, allow</i>, w. acc. and inf.: pres.
+sg. III. læte&eth;, <a href="#li1729">1729</a>; imper. pl. II. læta&eth;, <a href="#li397">397</a>; sg. II. læt, <a href="#li1489">1489</a>;
+pret. sg. lêt, <a href="#li2390">2390</a>, <a href="#li2551">2551</a>, <a href="#li2978">2978</a>, <a href="#li3151">3151</a>(?); pret. pl. lêton, <a href="#li48">48</a>, <a href="#li865">865</a>,
+<a href="#li3133">3133</a>; subj. pret. sg. II. lête, <a href="#li1997">1997</a>; sg. III. lête, <a href="#li3083">3083</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-lætan: 1) <i>to let, allow</i>: subj. pres. sg. II. &thorn;ät &thorn;u ne
+âlæte ... dôm ge-dreósan, <a href="#li2666">2666</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to leave, lay aside</i>: inf.
+âlætan læn-dagas (<i>die</i>) <a href="#li2592">2592</a>; so, âlætan lîf and leódscipe,
+<a href="#li2751">2751</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-lætan: 1) <i>to let, permit</i>, w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg.
+for-lêt, <a href="#li971">971</a>; pret. pl. for-lêton, <a href="#li3168">3168</a>. Also with inf. omitted: inf.
+nolde eorla hleó ... &thorn;one cwealmcuman cwicne (i.e. wesan) forlætan
+(<i>would not let the murderous spirit go alive</i>), <a href="#li793">793</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+leave behind, leave</i>: pret. sg. in &thorn;am wong-stede ... &thorn;ær he hine ær
+forlêt (<i>where he had previously left him</i>), <a href="#li2788">2788</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-lætan, <i>to leave, lay aside</i>: pres. sg. II. gyf &thorn;u ær &thorn;onne he
+worold oflætest (<i>leavest the world, diest</i>), <a href="#li1184">1184</a>; so pret. sg.
+oflêt lîf-dagas and &thorn;âs lænan gesceaft, <a href="#li1623">1623</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-lætan, <i>to release, liberate</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;onne forstes
+bend fäder on-læte&eth; (<i>as soon as the Father looseth the frost's
+fetters</i>), <a href="#li1610">1610</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâlecgan">lecgan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to lay, lay down</i>: pret. sg. sy&eth;&eth;an
+hilde-deór hond â-legde ... under geápne hrôf, <a href="#li835">835</a>; &thorn;ät he on Beówulfes
+bearm â-legde (<i>this</i> [the sword] <i>he laid in B.'s bosom,
+presented to him</i>), <a href="#li2195">2195</a>; pret. pl. â-ledon &thorn;â leófne &thorn;eóden ... on
+bearm scipes, <a href="#li34">34</a>; â-legdon &thorn;â tô middes mærne &thorn;eóden <i>(laid the
+mighty prince in the midst</i> [of the pyre]), <a href="#li3142">3142</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to lay
+aside, give up</i>: si&eth;&eth;an ... in fen-freo&eth;o feorh â-legde (<i>laid down
+his life, died</i>), <a href="#li852">852</a>; nu se here-wîsa hleahtor â-legde, gamen and
+gleó-dreám <i>(now the war-chief has left laughter</i>, etc.), <a href="#li3021">3021</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleger">leger</a>, st. n., <i>couch, bed, lair</i>: dat. sg. on legere,
+<a href="#li3044">3044</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllemian">lemian</a>, w. v., <i>to lame, hinder, oppress</i>: pret. sg. (for
+pl.) hine sorh-wylmas lemede tô lange, <a href="#li906">906</a>. MS.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleng">leng</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gllang">lang</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllenge">lenge</a>, adj., <i>extending along</i> or <i>to, near</i> (of
+time): nom. sg. neut. ne wäs hit lenge &thorn;â gen (<i>nor was it yet
+long</i>), <a href="#li83">83</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-lenge, adj., <i>extending, reaching to, belonging</i>: nom. sg.
+yrfe-weard ... lîce gelenge (<i>an heir belonging to one's body</i>), <a href="#li2733">2733</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllet">let</a>, st. m., <i>place of rest, sojourn?</i> in comp. eo-let
+(<i>voyage?</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllettan">lettan</a>, w. v., <i>to hinder</i>: pret. pl. (acc. pers. and gen.
+thing), &thorn;ät sy&eth;&eth;an nâ ... brim-lî&eth;ende lâde ne letton (<i>might no
+longer hinder seafarers from journeying</i>), <a href="#li569">569</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâlêdon">lêdon</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glâlecgan">â-lecgan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllêg">lêg</a>, st. m., <i>flame, fire</i>: nom. sg. wonna lêg (<i>the
+lurid flame</i>), <a href="#li3116">3116</a>; swôgende lêg, <a href="#li3146">3146</a>; dat. sg. for dracan lêge,
+<a href="#li2550">2550</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gllîg">lîg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllêgdraca">lêg-draca</a>, w. m., <i>fire-drake, flaming dragon</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li3041">3041</a>.</p>
+
+<p>*<a class="glentry" name="#glleán">leahan, leán</a>, st. v. w. acc. <i>to scold, blame</i>: pres. sg. III.
+lyh&eth;, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>; pret. sg. lôg, <a href="#li1812">1812</a>; pret. pl. lôgon, <a href="#li203">203</a>, <a href="#li863">863</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-leán, <i>to dissuade, prevent</i>: inf. ne inc ænig mon ... beleán mihte
+sorhfullne sî&eth; (<i>no one might dissuade you twain from your difficult
+journey</i>), <a href="#li511">511</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleahtre">leahtre</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glorleahtre">or-leahtre</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleáf">leáf</a>, st. n., <i>leaf, foliage</i>: instr. pl. leáfum, <a href="#li97">97</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleáfnesword">leáfnes-word</a>, st. n., <i>permission, leave</i>: acc. pl., <a href="#li245">245</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleán">leán</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glleahan">leahan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleán">leán</a>, st. n., <i>reward, compensation</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li114">114</a>, <a href="#li952">952</a>,
+<a href="#li1221">1221</a>, <a href="#li1585">1585</a>, <a href="#li2392">2392</a>; dat. sg. leáne, <a href="#li1022">1022</a>. Often in the pl.: acc. &thorn;â
+leán, <a href="#li2996">2996</a>; dat. &thorn;am leánum, <a href="#li2146">2146</a>; gen. leána, <a href="#li2991">2991</a>.&mdash;Comp.: and-,
+ende-leán.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleân">leân</a> (for læn, O.H.G. lêhan), st. n, <i>loan</i>, <a href="#li1810">1810</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleánian">leánian</a>, w. v., <i>to reward, compensate</i>: pres. sg. I. ic
+&thorn;e &thorn;â fæh&eth;e feó leánige (<i>repay thee for the contest with old-time
+treasures</i>), <a href="#li1381">1381</a>; pret. sg. me &thorn;one wäl-ræs wine Scyldinga fättan
+golde fela leánode (<i>the friend of the Scyldings rewarded me richly
+for the combat with plated gold</i>), <a href="#li2103">2103</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleás">leás</a>, adj., <i>false</i>: nom. pl. leáse, <a href="#li253">253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleás">leás</a>, adj., <i>deprived of, free from</i>, w. gen.: nom. sg.
+dreáma leás, <a href="#li851">851</a>; dat. sg. winigea leásum, <a href="#li1665">1665</a>.&mdash;Comp.: dôm-, dreám-,
+ealdor-, feoh-, feormend-, hlâford-, sâwol-, sige-, sorh-, tîr-,
+&thorn;eóden-, wine-, wyn-leás.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleásig">leásig</a>, adj., <i>concealing one's self</i>; in comp.
+sin-leásig(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleothocräft">leo&eth;o-cräft</a>, st. m., <i>the art of weaving</i> or <i>working in
+meshes, wire</i>, etc.: instr. pl. segn eall-gylden ... gelocen
+leo&eth;o-cräftum (<i>a banner all hand-wrought of interlaced gold</i>),
+<a href="#li2770">2770</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleothosyrce">leo&eth;o-syrce</a>, w. f., <i>shirt of mail (limb-sark)</i>: acc. sg.
+locene leo&eth;o-syrcan (<i>locked linked sark</i>), <a href="#li1506">1506</a>; acc. pl.
+locene leo&eth;o-syrcan, <a href="#li1891">1891</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleomum">leomum</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gllim">lim</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleornian">leornian</a>, w. v., <i>to learn, devise, plan</i>: pret. him &thorn;äs
+gû&eth;-cyning ... wräce leornode (<i>the war-king planned vengeance
+therefor</i>), <a href="#li2337">2337</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleód">leód</a>, st. m., <i>prince</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li341">341</a>, <a href="#li348">348</a>, <a href="#li670">670</a>, <a href="#li830">830</a>,
+<a href="#li1433">1433</a>, <a href="#li1493">1493</a>, <a href="#li1613">1613</a>, <a href="#li1654">1654</a>, etc.; acc. leód, <a href="#li626">626</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleód">leód</a>, st. f., <i>people</i>: gen. sg. leóde, <a href="#li597">597</a>, <a href="#li600">600</a>, <a href="#li697">697</a>. In
+pl. indicates <i>individuals, people, kinsmen</i>: nom. pl. leóde,
+<a href="#li362">362</a>, <a href="#li415">415</a>, <a href="#li1214">1214</a>, <a href="#li2126">2126</a>, etc.; gum-cynnes Geáta leóde (<i>people of the
+race of the Geátas</i>), <a href="#li260">260</a>; acc. pl. leóde, <a href="#li192">192</a>, <a href="#li443">443</a>, <a href="#li1337">1337</a>, <a href="#li1346">1346</a>,
+etc.; dat. pl. leódum, <a href="#li389">389</a>, <a href="#li521">521</a>, <a href="#li619">619</a>, <a href="#li698">698</a>, <a href="#li906">906</a>, <a href="#li1160">1160</a>, etc.; gen. pl.
+leóda, <a href="#li205">205</a>, <a href="#li635">635</a>, <a href="#li794">794</a>, <a href="#li1674">1674</a>, <a href="#li2034">2034</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódbealo">leód-bealo</a>, st. n., (<i>mischief, misfortune affecting an
+entire people</i>), <i>great, unheard-of calamity</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1723">1723</a>; gen.
+pl. leód-bealewa, <a href="#li1947">1947</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódburh">leód-burh</a>, st. f., <i>princely castle, stronghold of a ruler,
+chief city</i>: acc. pl. -byrig, <a href="#li2472">2472</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódcyning">leód-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king of the people</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li54">54</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódfruma">leód-fruma</a>, w. m., <i>prince of the people, ruler</i>: acc. sg.
+leód-fruman, <a href="#li2131">2131</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódgebyrgea">leód-gebyrgea</a>, w. m., <i>protector of the people, prince</i>:
+acc. sg. -gebyrgean, <a href="#li269">269</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódhryre">leód-hryre</a>, st. m., <i>fall, overthrow, of the prince,
+ruler</i>: dat. sg. äfter leód-hryre (<i>after the fall of the king of
+the Hea&eth;obeardas</i>, Frôda, cf. <a href="#li2051">2051</a>, <a href="#li2031">2031</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;äs leód-hryres
+(of the fall of Heardred, cf. <a href="#li2389">2389</a>, <a href="#li2392">2392</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódsceatha">leód-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>injurer of the people</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;am
+leód-scea&eth;an, <a href="#li2094">2094</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleódscipe">leód-scipe</a>, st. m., <i>the whole nation, people</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2752">2752</a>; dat. sg. on &thorn;am leód-scipe, <a href="#li2198">2198</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóth">leó&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>song, lay</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1160">1160</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyrd-,
+gryre-, gû&eth;-, sorh-leó&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóf">leóf</a>, adj., <i>lief, dear</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li31">31</a>, <a href="#li54">54</a>, <a href="#li203">203</a>, <a href="#li511">511</a>, <a href="#li521">521</a>,
+<a href="#li1877">1877</a>, <a href="#li2468">2468</a>; weak form m., leófa, <a href="#li1217">1217</a>, <a href="#li1484">1484</a>, <a href="#li1855">1855</a>, <a href="#li2664">2664</a>; acc. sg. m.
+leófne, <a href="#li34">34</a>, <a href="#li297">297</a>, <a href="#li619">619</a>, <a href="#li1944">1944</a>, <a href="#li2128">2128</a>, <a href="#li3109">3109</a>, <a href="#li3143">3143</a>; gen. sg. leófes (m.),
+<a href="#li1995">1995</a>, <a href="#li2081">2081</a>, <a href="#li2898">2898</a>; (neut.), <a href="#li1062">1062</a>, <a href="#li2911">2911</a>; dat. pl. leófum, <a href="#li1074">1074</a>; gen. pl.
+leófra, <a href="#li1916">1916</a>. Compar. nom. sg. neut. leófre, <a href="#li2652">2652</a>. Superl. nom. sg. m.
+leófost, <a href="#li1297">1297</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one leófestan, <a href="#li2824">2824</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóflîc">leóflîc</a>, <i>dear, precious, valued</i>: nom. sg. m. leóflîc
+lind-wîga, <a href="#li2604">2604</a>; acc. sg. neut. leóflîc îren, <a href="#li1810">1810</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleógan">leógan</a>, st. v., <i>to lie, belie, deceive</i>. subj. pres.
+näfne him his wlite leóge (<i>unless his looks belie him</i>), <a href="#li250">250</a>;
+pret. sg. he ne leág fela wyrda ne worda, <a href="#li3030">3030</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-leógan, <i>to deceive, leave unfulfilled</i>: pret. sg. he beót ne
+â-lêh (<i>he left not his promise unfulfilled</i>), <a href="#li80">80</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-leógan, <i>to deceive, betray</i>: pret. sg. him seó wên geleáh
+(<i>hope deceived him</i>), <a href="#li2324">2324</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóht">leóht</a>, st. n., <i>light, brilliance</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li569">569</a>, <a href="#li728">728</a>,
+<a href="#li1751">1751</a> (?); acc. sg. sunnan leóht, <a href="#li649">649</a>; godes leóht geceás (<i>chose
+God's light, died</i>), <a href="#li2470">2470</a>; dat. sg. tô leóhte, <a href="#li95">95</a>.&mdash;Comp.: æfen-,
+fýr-, morgen-leóht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóht">leóht</a>, adj., <i>luminous, bright</i>: instr. sg. leóhtan
+sweorde, <a href="#li2493">2493</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleóma">leóma</a>, w. m.: 1) <i>light, splendor</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li311">311</a>, <a href="#li2770">2770</a>;
+acc. sg. leóman, <a href="#li1518">1518</a>; sunnan and mônan leóman (<i>light of sun and
+moon</i>), <a href="#li95">95</a>.&mdash;2) (as beadu- and hilde-leóma), <i>the glittering
+sword</i>: nom. sg. lixte se leóma (<i>the blade-gleam flashed</i>),
+<a href="#li1571">1571</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleósan">leósan</a>, st. v., = amitti, in</p>
+
+<p>be-leósan, <i>to deprive, be deprived of</i>: pres. part. (heó) wear&eth;
+beloren leófum bearnum and brô&eth;rum (<i>was deprived of her dear
+children and brethren</i>), <a href="#li1074">1074</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-leósan, with dat. instr., <i>to lose something</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ær he
+dôme for-leás, ellen-mær&eth;um (<i>there lost he the glory, the repute, of his
+heroic deeds</i>), <a href="#li1471">1471</a>; pret. sg. for pl. &thorn;âm &thorn;e ær his elne for-leás
+(<i>to him who, before, had lost his valor</i>), <a href="#li2862">2862</a>; part. pret. nealles
+ic &thorn;âm leánum for-loren häfde (<i>not at all had I lost the rewards</i>),
+<a href="#li2146">2146</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllibban">libban</a>, w. v., <i>to live, be, exist</i>: pres. sing. III.
+lifa&eth;, <a href="#li3169">3169</a>; lyfa&eth;, <a href="#li945">945</a>; leofa&eth;, <a href="#li975">975</a>, <a href="#li1367">1367</a>, <a href="#li2009">2009</a>; subj. pres. sg. II.
+lifige, <a href="#li1225">1225</a>; pres. part. lifigende, <a href="#li816">816</a>, <a href="#li1954">1954</a>, <a href="#li1974">1974</a>, <a href="#li2063">2063</a>; dat. sg.
+be &thorn;e lifigendum (<i>in thy lifetime</i>), <a href="#li2666">2666</a>; pret. sg. lifde, <a href="#li57">57</a>,
+<a href="#li1258">1258</a>; lyfde, <a href="#li2145">2145</a>; pret. pl. lifdon, <a href="#li99">99</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glunlifigende">unlifigende</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllicgan">licgan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to lie, lie down</i> or <i>low</i>: pres.
+sg. nu seó hand lige&eth; (<i>now the hand lies low</i>), <a href="#li1344">1344</a>; nu se wyrm
+lige&eth;, <a href="#li2746">2746</a>, so <a href="#li2904">2904</a>; inf. licgan, <a href="#li3130">3130</a>; licgean, <a href="#li967">967</a>, <a href="#li3083">3083</a>; pret. sg.
+läg, <a href="#li40">40</a>, <a href="#li552">552</a>, <a href="#li2078">2078</a>; sy&eth;&eth;an Heardrêd läg (<i>after Heardrêd had
+fallen</i>), <a href="#li2389">2389</a>; pret. pl. lâgon, <a href="#li3049">3049</a>; lægon, <a href="#li566">566</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to lie
+prostrate, rest, fail</i>: pret. sg. næfre on ôre läg wîd-cû&eth;es wîg
+(<i>never failed the far-famed one's valor at the front</i>), <a href="#li1042">1042</a>;
+sy&eth;&eth;an wi&eth;er-gyld läg (<i>after vengeance failed</i>, or, <i>when
+Withergyld lay dead</i>, if <i>W.</i> is a proper name), <a href="#li2052">2052</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-licgan, <i>to succumb, fail, yield</i>: inf. <a href="#li2887">2887</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ät his
+dôm â-läg (<i>that its power failed it</i>), <a href="#li1529">1529</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-licgan, <i>to rest, lie still</i>: pret. sg. wind-blond geläg,
+<a href="#li3147">3147</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllida">lida</a>, w. m., <i>boat, ship</i> (as in motion); in comp.: sund-,
+ý&eth;-lida.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllidman">lid-man</a>, st. m., <i>seafarer, sailor</i>: gen. pl. lid-manna,
+<a href="#li1624">1624</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllim">lim</a>, st. n., <i>limb, branch</i>: instr. pl. leomum, <a href="#li97">97</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllimpan">limpan</a>, st. v., <i>to happen, befall</i> (well or ill); impers.
+w. dat. pret. sg. hû lomp eów on lâde (<i>how went it with you on the
+journey?</i>), <a href="#li1988">1988</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-limpan, <i>to come about, offer itself</i>: pret. sg. ô&eth; &thorn;ät sæl
+â-lamp (<i>till the opportunity presented itself</i>), <a href="#li623">623</a>; pret.
+part, &thorn;â him â-lumpen wäs wistfylle wên (<i>since a hope of a full
+meal had befallen him</i>), <a href="#li734">734</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-limpan, <i>to happen to, befall</i>: pret. sg. him sió sâr belamp,
+<a href="#li2469">2469</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-limpan, <i>to happen, occur, turn out</i>: pres. sg. III. hit eft
+gelimpe&eth; &thorn;ät..., <a href="#li1754">1754</a>; subj. pres. &thorn;isse ansýne alwealdan &thorn;anc lungre
+gelimpe (<i>thanks to the Almighty forthwith for this sight!</i>),
+<a href="#li930">930</a>; pret. sg. him on fyrste gelamp &thorn;ät..., <a href="#li76">76</a>; swâ him ful-oft gelamp
+(<i>as often happened to them</i>), <a href="#li1253">1253</a>; &thorn;äs &thorn;e hire se willa gelamp
+&thorn;ät ... (<i>because her wish had been fulfilled</i>), <a href="#li627">627</a>; frôfor eft
+gelamp sârig-môdum, <a href="#li2942">2942</a>; subj. pret. gif him &thorn;yslîcu &thorn;earf gelumpe,
+<a href="#li2638">2638</a>; pret. part. Denum eallum wear&eth; ... willa gelumpen, <a href="#li825">825</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllind">lind</a>, st. f. (properly <i>linden</i>; here, a a wooden shield
+covered with linden-bark or pith): nom. sg., <a href="#li2342">2342</a>; acc. sg. geolwe
+linde, <a href="#li2611">2611</a>; acc. pl. linde, <a href="#li2366">2366</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllindgestealla">lind-gestealla</a>, w. m., <i>shield-comrade, war-comrade</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1974">1974</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllindhäbbend">lind-häbbend</a>, pres. part., <i>provided with a shield</i>, i.e.
+warrior: nom. pl. -häbbende, <a href="#li245">245</a>; gen. pl. häbbendra, <a href="#li1403">1403</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllindplega">lind-plega</a>, w. m., <i>shield-play</i>, i.e. battle: dat. sg.
+lind-plegan, <a href="#li1074">1074</a>, <a href="#li2040">2040</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllindwîga">lind-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>shield-fighter, warrior</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2604">2604</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllinnan">linnan</a>, st. v., <i>to depart, be deprived of</i>: inf. aldre linnan
+(<i>depart from life</i>), <a href="#li1479">1479</a>; ealdres linnan, <a href="#li2444">2444</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllis">lis</a>, st. f., <i>favor, affection</i>: gen. pl. eall ... lissa,
+<a href="#li2151">2151</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllist">list</a>, st. m., <i>art, skill, cleverness, cunning</i>: dat. pl.
+adverbial, listum (<i>cunningly</i>), <a href="#li782">782</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllixan">lixan</a>, w. v., <i>to shine, flash</i>: pret. sg. lixte, <a href="#li311">311</a>, <a href="#li485">485</a>,
+<a href="#li1571">1571</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîc">lîc</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>body, corpse</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li967">967</a>; acc. sg.
+lîc, <a href="#li2081">2081</a>; &thorn;ät lîc (<i>the body, corpse</i>), <a href="#li2128">2128</a>; dat. sg. lîce,
+<a href="#li734">734</a>, <a href="#li1504">1504</a>, <a href="#li2424">2424</a>, <a href="#li2572">2572</a>, <a href="#li2733">2733</a>, <a href="#li2744">2744</a>; gen. sg. lîces, <a href="#li451">451</a>, <a href="#li1123">1123</a>.&mdash;
+2) <i>form, figure</i>: in comp. eofor-, swîn-lîc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgelîc">lîc</a>, adj., <i>like, similar</i>: nom. pl. m. ge-lîce, <a href="#li2165">2165</a>.
+Superl. ge-lîcost, <a href="#li218">218</a>, <a href="#li728">728</a>, <a href="#li986">986</a>, <a href="#li1609">1609</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîchama">lîc-hama, -homa</a>, w. m. <i>(body-home, garment), body</i>: nom. sg.
+lîc-homa, <a href="#li813">813</a>, <a href="#li1008">1008</a>, <a href="#li1755">1755</a>; acc. sg. lîc-haman, <a href="#li2652">2652</a>; dat. sg. lîc-haman,
+<a href="#li3179">3179</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîcian">lîcian</a>, w. v., <i>to please, like</i> (impers.): pres. sg. III.
+me &thorn;în môd-sefa lîca&eth; leng swâ wel, <a href="#li1855">1855</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;am wîfe &thorn;â word
+wel lîcodon, <a href="#li640">640</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîcnes">lîcnes</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glonlîcnes">on-lîcnes</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîcsâr">lîc-sâr</a>, st. n., <i>bodily pain</i>: acc. sg. lîc-sâr, <a href="#li816">816</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîcsyrce">lîc-syrce</a>, w. f., <i>body-sark, shirt of mail covering the
+body</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li550">550</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gl1îthan">1î&eth;an</a>, st. v., <i>to move, go</i>: pres. part. nom. pl. &thorn;â
+lî&eth;ende (<i>navigantes, sailors</i>), <a href="#li221">221</a>; &thorn;â wäs sund liden (<i>the
+water was then traversed</i>), <a href="#li223">223</a>.&mdash;Comp.: heá&eth;u-, mere-, wæg-lî&eth;end.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîthe">lî&eth;e</a> (O.H.G. lindi), adj., <i>gentle, mild, friendly</i>: nom.
+sg. w. instr. gen. lâra lî&eth;e, <a href="#li1221">1221</a>. Superl. nom. sg. lî&eth;ost, <a href="#li3184">3184</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllithwæge">li&eth;-wæge</a>, st. n., <i>can in which lî&eth;</i> (a wine-like, foaming
+drink) <i>is contained</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1983">1983</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîf">lîf</a>, st. n., <i>life</i>: acc. sg. lîf, <a href="#li97">97</a>, <a href="#li734">734</a>, <a href="#li1537">1537</a>, <a href="#li2424">2424</a>,
+<a href="#li2744">2744</a>, <a href="#li2752">2752</a>; dat. sg. lîfe, <a href="#li2572">2572</a>; tô lîfe (<i>in one's life, ever</i>)
+<a href="#li2433">2433</a>; gen. sg. lîfes, <a href="#li197">197</a>, <a href="#li791">791</a>, <a href="#li807">807</a>, <a href="#li2824">2824</a>, <a href="#li2846">2846</a>; worolde lîfes (<i>of
+the earthly life</i>), <a href="#li1388">1388</a>, <a href="#li2344">2344</a>.&mdash;Comp. edwît-lîf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfbysig">lîf-bysig</a>, adj. <i>(striving for life or death), weary of life,
+in torment of death</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li967">967</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfdagas">lîf-dagas</a>, st. m. pl., <i>lifetime</i>: acc.-dagas, <a href="#li794">794</a>, <a href="#li1623">1623</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîffreá">lîf-freá</a>, w. m., <i>lord of life, God</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li16">16</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfgedâl">lîf-gedâl</a>, st. n., <i>separation from life</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li842">842</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfgesceaft">lîf-gesceaft</a>, st. f., <i>fate, destiny</i>: gen. pl.-gesceafta,
+<a href="#li1954">1954</a>, <a href="#li3065">3065</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfwrathu">lîf-wra&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>protection for one's life, safety</i>:
+acc. sg. lîf-wra&eth;e, <a href="#li2878">2878</a>; dat. sg. tô lîf-wra&eth;e, <a href="#li972">972</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîfwyn">lîf-wyn</a>, st. f., <i>pleasure, enjoyment, joy</i> (of life):
+gen. pl. lîf-wynna, <a href="#li2098">2098</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîg">lîg</a>, st. m. n., <i>flame, fire</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1123">1123</a>; dat. instr.
+sg. lîge, <a href="#li728">728</a>, <a href="#li2306">2306</a>, <a href="#li2322">2322</a>, <a href="#li2342">2342</a>; gen. sg. lîges, <a href="#li83">83</a>, <a href="#li782">782</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#gllêg">lêg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîgdraca">lîg-draca</a>, w. m., <i> fire-drake, flaming dragon</i>; nom.
+pl., <a href="#li2334">2334</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gllêgdraca">lêg-draca</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîgegesa">lîg-egesa</a>, w. m., <i>horror arising through fire, flaming
+terror</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2781">2781</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîgetorn">lîge-torn</a>, st. m., <i>false, pretended insult</i> or <i>injury,
+fierce anger</i>(?): dat. sg. äfter lîge-torne (<i>on account of a
+pretended insult?</i> or <i>fierce anger?</i> cf. Bugge in Zacher's
+Zeits. 4, 208), <a href="#li1944">1944</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllîgýth">lîg-ý&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>wave of fire</i>: instr. pl. lîg-ý&eth;um, <a href="#li2673">2673</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glleón">león</a>, st. v., <i>to lend</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät him on &thorn;earfe lâh
+&thorn;yle Hrô&eth;gâres (<i>which H.'s spokesman lent him in need</i>), <a href="#li1457">1457</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-leóon, <i>to lend, grant as a loan</i>, with gen. of thing and dat.
+pers.: pret. sg. &thorn;â he &thorn;äs wæpnes on-lâh sêlran sweord-frecan, <a href="#li1468">1468</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glloca">loca</a>, w. m., <i>bolt, lock</i>: in comp. bân-, burh-loca.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllocen">locen</a>. See lûcan.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllond">lond, long</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glland">land, lang</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllof">lof</a>, st. m. n., <i>praise, repute</i>: acc. sg. lof, <a href="#li1537">1537</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllofdæd">lof-dæd</a>, st. f., <i>deed of praise</i>: instr. pl. lof-dædum,
+<a href="#li24">24</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllofgeorn">lof-georn</a>, adj., <i>eager for praise, ambitious</i>: superl.
+nom. sg. lof-geornost, <a href="#li3184">3184</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glloga">loga</a>, w. m., <i>liar</i>; in comp. treów-loga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllosian">losian</a>, w. v., <i>to escape, flee</i>: pres. sg. III. losa&eth;,
+<a href="#li1393">1393</a>, <a href="#li2063">2063</a>; pret. sg. he on weg losade (<i>fled away</i>), <a href="#li2097">2097</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllôcian">lôcian</a>, w. v., <i>to see, look at</i>: pres. sg. II. sæ-lâc ... &thorn;e
+&thorn;u her tô lôcast (<i>booty of the sea that thou lookest on</i>), <a href="#li1655">1655</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgelôme">lôme</a>, adv., <i>often, frequently</i>, <a href="#li559">559</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllufe">lufe</a>, w. f., <i>love</i>: in comp. heáh-, môd-, wîf-lufe.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllufa">lufa</a> (cf. and-leofa, big-leofa, <i>nourishment</i>), w. m.,
+<i>food, subsistence; property, real estate</i>: acc. sg. on lufan
+(<i>on possessions</i>), <a href="#li1729">1729</a>.&mdash;Comp. eard-lufa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllufen">lufen</a>, st. f. (cf. lufa), <i>subsistence, food; real estate,
+(enjoyment?)</i>: nom. sg. lufen (parallel with ê&eth;el-wyn), <a href="#li2887">2887</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glluftâcen">luf-tâcen</a>, st. n., <i>love-token</i>: acc. pl. luf-tâcen, <a href="#li1864">1864</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllufian">lufian</a>, w. v., <i>to love, serve affectionately</i>: pret. sg.
+III. lufode &thorn;â leóde (<i>was on affectionate terms with the
+people</i>), <a href="#li1983">1983</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllungre">lungre</a>, adv.: 1) <i>hastily, quickly, forthwith</i>, <a href="#li930">930</a>, <a href="#li1631">1631</a>,
+<a href="#li2311">2311</a>, <a href="#li2744">2744</a>.&mdash;2) <i>quite, very, fully</i>: feówer mearas lungre
+gelîce (<i>four horses quite alike</i>), <a href="#li2165">2165</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllust">lust</a>, st. m., <i>pleasure, joy</i>: dat. pl. adv. lustum
+(<i>joyfully</i>), <a href="#li1654">1654</a>; so, on lust, <a href="#li619">619</a>, cf. <a href="#li600">600</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllûcan">lûcan</a>, st. v., <i>to twist, wind, lock, interweave</i>: pret.
+part. acc. sg. and pl. locene leo&eth;o-syrcan (<i>shirt of mail wrought
+of meshes or rings interlocked</i>), <a href="#li1506">1506</a>, <a href="#li1891">1891</a>; gen. pl. locenra
+beága (<i>rings wrought of gold wire</i>), <a href="#li2996">2996</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-lûcan: 1) <i>to shut, close in or around</i>: pret. sg. winter ý&eth;e
+be-leác îs-gebinde (<i>winter locked the waves with icy bond</i>), <a href="#li1133">1133</a>.&mdash;
+2) <i>to shut in, off, preserve, protect</i>: pret. sg. I. hig wîge beleác
+manegum mæg&eth;a (<i>I shut them in, protected them, from war arising from
+many a tribe</i>), <a href="#li1771">1771</a>. Cf. me wîge belûc wrâ&eth;um feóndum (<i>protect me
+against mine enemies</i>), Ps. 34, 3.</p>
+
+<p>ge-lûcan, <i>to unite, link together, make</i>: pret. part. gelocen,
+<a href="#li2770">2770</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-lûcan, <i>to unlock, open</i>: pret. sg. word-hord on-leác
+(<i>opened the word-hoard, treasure of speech</i>), <a href="#li259">259</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-lucan, <i>(to twist, wrench, in two) to destroy</i>: inf., <a href="#li782">782</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyft">lyft</a>, st. f. (m. n.?), <i>air</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1376">1376</a>; dat. sg.
+äfter lyfte (<i>along, through, the air</i>), <a href="#li2833">2833</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyftfloga">lyft-floga</a>, w. m., <i>air-flier</i>: nom. sg. (of the dragon),
+<a href="#li2316">2316</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyftgeswenced">lyft-geswenced</a>, pret. part., <i>urged, hastened on, by the
+wind</i>, <a href="#li1914">1914</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyftwyn">lyft-wyn</a>, st. f., <i>enjoyment of the air</i>: acc. sg.
+lyft-wynne, <a href="#li3044">3044</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyhth">lyh&eth;</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glleahan">leahan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllystan">lystan</a>, w. v., <i>to lust after, long for</i>: pret. sg. Geát
+ungemetes wel ... restan lyste(<i>the Geát</i> [Beówulf] <i>longed
+sorely to rest</i>), <a href="#li1794">1794</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllyt">lyt</a>, adj. neut. (= parum), <i>little, very little, few</i>: lyt
+eft becwom ... hâmes niósan (<i>few escaped homeward</i>), <a href="#li2366">2366</a>; lyt
+ænig (<i>none at all</i>), <a href="#li3130">3130</a>; usually with gen.: wintra lyt, <a href="#li1928">1928</a>;
+lyt ... heáfod-mâga, <a href="#li2151">2151</a>; wergendra tô lyt (<i>too few
+defenders</i>), <a href="#li2883">2883</a>; lyt swîgode nîwra spella (<i>he kept to himself
+little, none at all, of the new tidings</i>), <a href="#li2898">2898</a>; dat. sg. lyt manna
+(<i>too few of men</i>), <a href="#li2837">2837</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllytel">lytel</a>, adj., <i>small, little</i>: nom. sg. neut. tô lytel,
+<a href="#li1749">1749</a>; acc. sg. f. lytle hwîle (<i>a little while</i>), <a href="#li2031">2031</a>, <a href="#li2098">2098</a>;
+lif-wra&eth;e lytle (<i>little protection for his life</i>),
+<a href="#li2878">2878</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-lytel.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllythwôn">lyt-hwôn</a>, adv., <i>little = not at all</i>: lyt-hwôn lôgon,
+<a href="#li204">204</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllýfe">lýfe</a>, st. n., <i>leave, permission, (life?)</i>: instr. sg.
+&thorn;îne lýfe (life, MS.), <a href="#li2132">2132</a>.&mdash;Leo. Cf. O.N. leyfi, n., <i>leave,
+permission</i>, in Möbius' Glossary, p. 266.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllýfan">lýfan</a>, w. v., (fundamental meaning <i>to believe, trust</i>) in</p>
+
+<p>â-lýfan, <i>to allow, grant, entrust</i>: pret. sg. næfre ic ænegum
+men ær âlýfde ... &thorn;ry&eth;-ärn Dena (<i>never before to any man have I
+entrusted the palace of the Danes</i>), <a href="#li656">656</a>; pret. part. (&thorn;â me wäs)
+sî&eth; ... âlýfed inn under eor&eth;-weall (<i>the way in under the wall of
+earth was allowed me</i>), <a href="#li3090">3090</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgelýfan">lýfan</a>, w. v., <i>to believe, trust</i>: 1) w. dat.: inf. &thorn;ær
+gelýfan sceal dryhtnes dôme se &thorn;e hine deá&eth; nime&eth; (<i>whomever death
+carrieth away, shall believe it to be the judgment of God</i>, i.e. in
+the contest between Beówulf and Grendel), <a href="#li440">440</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc.: pret. sg.
+geóce gelýfde brego Beorht-Dena (<i>believed in, expected, help</i>,
+etc.), <a href="#li609">609</a>; &thorn;ät heó on ænigne eorl gelýfde fyrena frôfre (<i>that she
+at last should expect from any earl comfort, help, out of these
+troubles</i>), <a href="#li628">628</a>; se &thorn;e him bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (<i>who trusted
+in him as a help out of evils</i>), <a href="#li910">910</a>; him tô anwaldan âre gelýfde
+(<i>relied for himself on the help of God</i>), <a href="#li1273">1273</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâlýsan">lýsan</a>, w. v., <i>to loose, liberate</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â wäs
+of &thorn;äm hrôran helm and byrne lungre â-lýsed (<i>helm and corselet were
+straightway loosed from him</i>), <a href="#li1631">1631</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossM">M</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmathelian">ma&eth;elian</a>, w. v. (sermocinari), <i>to speak, talk</i>: pret. sg.
+ma&eth;elode, <a href="#li286">286</a>, <a href="#li348">348</a>, <a href="#li360">360</a>, <a href="#li371">371</a>, <a href="#li405">405</a>, <a href="#li456">456</a>, <a href="#li499">499</a>, etc.; ma&eth;elade, <a href="#li2426">2426</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmaga">maga</a>, w. m., <i>son, male descendant, young man</i>: nom. sg.
+maga Healfdenes (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li189">189</a>, <a href="#li1475">1475</a>, <a href="#li2144">2144</a>; maga Ecg&thorn;eówes (Beówulf),
+<a href="#li2588">2588</a>: maga (Grendel), <a href="#li979">979</a>; se maga geonga (Wîglâf), <a href="#li2676">2676</a>; Grendeles
+maga (<i>a relative of Grendel</i>), <a href="#li2007">2007</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one magan, <a href="#li944">944</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmagan">magan</a>, v. with pret.-pres. form, <i>to be able</i>: pres. sg.
+I. III. mäg, <a href="#li277">277</a>, <a href="#li478">478</a>, <a href="#li931">931</a>, <a href="#li943">943</a>, <a href="#li1485">1485</a>, <a href="#li1734">1734</a>, etc.; II. meaht &thorn;u, <a href="#li2048">2048</a>;
+subj. pres. mæge, <a href="#li2531">2531</a>, <a href="#li2750">2750</a>; &thorn;eáh ic eal mæge (<i>even though I
+could</i>), <a href="#li681">681</a>; subj. pl. we mægen, <a href="#li2655">2655</a>; pret. sg. meahte, <a href="#li542">542</a>, <a href="#li755">755</a>,
+<a href="#li1131">1131</a>, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>, <a href="#li2465">2465</a>, etc.; mihte, <a href="#li190">190</a>, <a href="#li207">207</a>, <a href="#li462">462</a>, <a href="#li511">511</a>, <a href="#li571">571</a>, <a href="#li657">657</a>, <a href="#li1509">1509</a>,
+<a href="#li2092">2092</a>, <a href="#li2610">2610</a>; mehte, <a href="#li1083">1083</a>, <a href="#li1497">1497</a>, <a href="#li1516">1516</a>, <a href="#li1878">1878</a>; pl. meahton, <a href="#li649">649</a>, <a href="#li942">942</a>,
+<a href="#li1455">1455</a>, <a href="#li1912">1912</a>, <a href="#li2374">2374</a>, <a href="#li3080">3080</a>; mihton, <a href="#li308">308</a>, <a href="#li313">313</a>, <a href="#li2684">2684</a>, <a href="#li3164">3164</a>; subj. pret. sg.
+meahte, <a href="#li243">243</a>, <a href="#li763">763</a>, <a href="#li2521">2521</a>; pres. sg. mäg, sometimes = licet, <i>may, can,
+will</i> (fut.), <a href="#li1366">1366</a>, <a href="#li1701">1701</a>, <a href="#li1838">1838</a>, <a href="#li2865">2865</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmago">mago</a> (Goth. magu-s), st. m., <i>male, son</i>: nom. sg. mago
+Ecglâfes (Hunfer&eth;), <a href="#li1466">1466</a>; mago Healfdenes (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li1868">1868</a>, <a href="#li2012">2012</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmagodryht">mago-dryht</a>, st. f., <i>troop of young men, band of men</i>:
+nom. sg. mago-driht, <a href="#li67">67</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmagorinc">mago-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>hero, man</i> (preeminently): gen. pl.
+mago-rinca, heáp, <a href="#li731">731</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmaguthegn">magu-&thorn;egn, mago-&thorn;egn</a>, st. m., <i>vassal, war-thane</i>: nom.
+sg. <a href="#li408">408</a>, <a href="#li2758">2758</a>; dat. sg. magu-&thorn;egne, <a href="#li2080">2080</a>; acc. pl. magu-&thorn;egnas, <a href="#li293">293</a>;
+dat. pl. mago-&thorn;egnum, <a href="#li1481">1481</a>; gen. pl. mago-&thorn;egna ... &thorn;one sêlestan
+(<i>the best of vassals</i>), <a href="#li1406">1406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glman">man, mon</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>man, human being</i>: nom. sg. man, <a href="#li25">25</a>,
+<a href="#li503">503</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>, <a href="#li1354">1354</a>, <a href="#li1399">1399</a>, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>, <a href="#li1877">1877</a>, etc.; mon, <a href="#li209">209</a>, <a href="#li510">510</a>, <a href="#li1561">1561</a>,
+<a href="#li1646">1646</a>, <a href="#li2282">2282</a>, etc.; acc. sg. w. mannan, <a href="#li297">297</a>, <a href="#li577">577</a>, <a href="#li1944">1944</a>, <a href="#li2128">2128</a>, <a href="#li2775">2775</a>;
+wîd-cû&eth;ne man, <a href="#li1490">1490</a>; dat. sg. men, <a href="#li656">656</a>, <a href="#li753">753</a>, <a href="#li1880">1880</a>; menn, <a href="#li2190">2190</a>; gen.
+sg. mannes, <a href="#li1195">1195</a> (?), <a href="#li2081">2081</a>, <a href="#li2534">2534</a>, <a href="#li2542">2542</a>; monnes, <a href="#li1730">1730</a>; nom. pl. men,
+<a href="#li50">50</a>, <a href="#li162">162</a>, <a href="#li233">233</a>, <a href="#li1635">1635</a>, <a href="#li3167">3167</a>; acc. pl. men, <a href="#li69">69</a>, <a href="#li337">337</a>, <a href="#li1583">1583</a>, <a href="#li1718">1718</a>; dat. pl.
+mannum, <a href="#li3183">3183</a>; gen. pl. manna, <a href="#li155">155</a>, <a href="#li201">201</a>, <a href="#li380">380</a>, <a href="#li702">702</a>, <a href="#li713">713</a>, <a href="#li736">736</a>, etc.;
+monna, <a href="#li1414">1414</a>, <a href="#li2888">2888</a>.&mdash;2) indef. pron. = <i>one, they, people</i> (Germ.
+<i>man</i>): man, <a href="#li1173">1173</a>, <a href="#li1176">1176</a>; mon, <a href="#li2356">2356</a>, <a href="#li3177">3177</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyrn-, gleó-,
+gum-, iú-, lid-, sæ-, wæpned-man.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glman">man</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmunan">munan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmancyn">man-cyn</a>, st. n., <i>mankind</i>: dat. sg. man-cynne, <a href="#li110">110</a>; gen.
+sg. man-cynnes, <a href="#li164">164</a>, <a href="#li2182">2182</a>; mon-cynnes, <a href="#li196">196</a>, <a href="#li1956">1956</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmandreám">man-dreám</a>, st. m., <i>human joy, mundi voluptas</i>: acc. sg.
+man-dreám, <a href="#li1265">1265</a>; dat. pl. mon-dreámum, <a href="#li1716">1716</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmandryhten">man-dryhten</a>, st. m. (<i>lord of men</i>), <i>ruler of the
+people, prince, king</i>: nom. sg. man-dryhten, <a href="#li1979">1979</a>, <a href="#li2648">2648</a>;
+mon-drihten, <a href="#li436">436</a>; mon-dryhten, <a href="#li2866">2866</a>; acc. sg. mon-dryhten, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>; dat.
+sg. man-drihtne, <a href="#li1230">1230</a>; man-dryhtne, <a href="#li1250">1250</a>, <a href="#li2282">2282</a>; gen. sg. man-dryhtnes,
+<a href="#li2850">2850</a>; mon-dryhtnes, <a href="#li3150">3150</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemang">mang</a>, st. m., <i>troop, company</i>: dat. sg. on gemonge
+(<i>in the troop</i> [of the fourteen Geátas that returned from the
+sea]), <a href="#li1644">1644</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmanian">manian</a>, w. v., <i>to warn, admonish</i>: pres. sg. III. mana&eth;
+swâ and myndga&eth; ... sârum wordum (<i>so warneth and remindeth he with
+bitter words</i>), <a href="#li2058">2058</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmanig">manig, monig</a>, adj., <i>many, many a, much</i>: 1) adjectively: nom.
+sg. rinc manig, <a href="#li399">399</a>; geong manig (<i>many a young man</i>), <a href="#li855">855</a>; monig
+snellîc sæ-rinc, <a href="#li690">690</a>; medu-benc monig, <a href="#li777">777</a>; so <a href="#li839">839</a>, <a href="#li909">909</a>, <a href="#li919">919</a>, <a href="#li1511">1511</a>, <a href="#li2763">2763</a>,
+<a href="#li3023">3023</a>, etc.; acc. sg. medo-ful manig, <a href="#li1016">1016</a>; dat. sg. m. &thorn;egne monegum, <a href="#li1342">1342</a>,
+<a href="#li1420">1420</a>; dat. sg. f. manigre mæg&eth;e, <a href="#li75">75</a>; acc. pl. manige men, <a href="#li337">337</a>; dat. pl.
+manegum mâ&eth;mum, <a href="#li2104">2104</a>; monegum mæg&eth;um, <a href="#li5">5</a>; gen. pl. manigra mêda, <a href="#li1179">1179</a>.&mdash;2)
+substantively: nom. sg. manig, <a href="#li1861">1861</a>; monig, <a href="#li858">858</a>; dat. sg. manegum, <a href="#li349">349</a>,
+<a href="#li1888">1888</a>; nom. pl. manige, <a href="#li1024">1024</a>; monige, <a href="#li2983">2983</a>; acc. pl. monige, <a href="#li1599">1599</a>; gen. pl.
+manigra, <a href="#li2092">2092</a>.&mdash;3) with depend. gen. pl.: dat. manegum mæg&eth;a, <a href="#li1772">1772</a>; monegum
+fira, <a href="#li2002">2002</a>; häle&eth;a monegum bold-âgendra, <a href="#li3112">3112</a>; acc. pl. rinca manige, <a href="#li729">729</a>;
+(mâ&eth;m)-æhta monige, <a href="#li1614">1614</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmanigoft">manig-oft</a>, adv., <i>very often, frequently</i>, <a href="#li171">171</a> [if manig
+and oft are to be connected].</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmanlîce">man-lîce</a>, adv., <i>man-like, manly</i>, <a href="#li1047">1047</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmanthwære">man-&thorn;wære</a>, adj., <i>kind, gentle toward men, philanthropic</i>:
+nom. sg. superl. mon-&thorn;wærust, <a href="#li3183">3183</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâ">mâ</a>, contracted compar., <i>more</i>: with partitive gen., <a href="#li504">504</a>,
+<a href="#li736">736</a>, <a href="#li1056">1056</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthum">mâ&eth;um, mâ&eth;&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>gift, jewel, object of value</i>:
+acc. sg. mâ&eth;&eth;um, <a href="#li169">169</a>, <a href="#li1053">1053</a>, <a href="#li2056">2056</a>, <a href="#li3017">3017</a>; dat. instr. sg. mâ&eth;me, <a href="#li1529">1529</a>,
+<a href="#li1903">1903</a>; nom. pl. mâ&eth;mas, <a href="#li1861">1861</a>; acc. pl. mâdmas, <a href="#li385">385</a>, <a href="#li472">472</a>, <a href="#li1028">1028</a>, <a href="#li1483">1483</a>,
+<a href="#li1757">1757</a>, <a href="#li1868">1868</a>, etc.; dat. instr. pl. mâ&eth;mum, mâdmum, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>, <a href="#li1899">1899</a>, <a href="#li2104">2104</a>,
+<a href="#li2789">2789</a>; gen. pl. mâ&eth;ma, <a href="#li1785">1785</a>, <a href="#li2144">2144</a>, <a href="#li2167">2167</a>, etc.; mâdma, <a href="#li36">36</a>, <a href="#li41">41</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+dryht-, gold-, hord-, ofer-, sinc-, wundor-mâ&eth;um.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthmæht">mâ&eth;m-æht</a>, st. f., <i>treasure in jewels, costly objects</i>:
+gen. pl. mâ&eth;m-æhta, <a href="#li1614">1614</a>, <a href="#li2834">2834</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâththumfät">mâ&eth;&eth;um-fät</a>, st. n., <i>treasure-casket</i> or <i>cup, costly
+vessel</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2406">2406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthmgestreón">mâ&eth;m-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>precious jewel</i>: gen. pl.
+mâ&eth;m-gestreóna, <a href="#li1932">1932</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthumgifu">mâ&eth;um-gifu</a>, st. f., <i>gift of valuable objects, largess of
+treasure</i>: dat. sg. äfter mâ&eth;&eth;um-gife, <a href="#li1302">1302</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthumsigl">mâ&eth;um-sigl</a>, st. n., <i>costly, sun-shaped ornament, valuable
+decoration</i>: gen. pl. mâ&eth;&eth;um-sigla, <a href="#li2758">2758</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthumsweord">mâ&eth;um-sweord</a>, st. n., <i>costly sword</i> (inlaid with gold and
+jewels): acc. sg., <a href="#li1024">1024</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâthumwela">mâ&eth;um-wela</a>, w. m., <i>wealth of jewels, valuables</i>:: dat.
+sg. äfter-mâ&eth;&eth;um-welan (<i>after the sight of the wealth of
+jewels</i>), <a href="#li2751">2751</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâgas">mâgas</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmæg">mæg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâge">mâge</a>, w. f., <i>female relative</i>: gen. sg. Grendles mâgan
+(<i>mother</i>), <a href="#li1392">1392</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmân">mân</a>, st. n., <i>crime, misdeed</i>: instr. sg. mâne, <a href="#li110">110</a>, <a href="#li979">979</a>;
+adv., <i>criminally</i>, <a href="#li1056">1056</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmânfordædla">mân-for-dædla</a>, w. m., <i>evil-doer, criminal</i>: nom. pl.
+mân-for-dædlan, <a href="#li563">563</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmânscatha">mân-sca&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>mischievous, hurtful foe, hostis
+nefastus</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li713">713</a>, <a href="#li738">738</a>, <a href="#li1340">1340</a>; mân-scea&eth;a, <a href="#li2515">2515</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmâra">mâra</a> (comp. of micel), adj., <i>greater, stronger,
+mightier</i>: nom. sg. m. mâra, <a href="#li1354">1354</a>, <a href="#li2556">2556</a>; neut. mâre, <a href="#li1561">1561</a>; acc. sg.
+m. mâran, <a href="#li2017">2017</a>; mund-gripe mâran (<i>a mightier hand-grip</i>), <a href="#li754">754</a>;
+with following gen. pl. mâran ... eorla (<i>a more powerful earl</i>),
+<a href="#li247">247</a>; fem. mâran, <a href="#li533">533</a>, <a href="#li1012">1012</a>; neut. mâre, <a href="#li518">518</a>; with gen. pl. mor&eth;-beala
+mâre <i>(more, greater, deeds of murder</i>), <a href="#li136">136</a>; gen. sg. f. mâran,
+<a href="#li1824">1824</a>.</p>
+
+<p>mæst (superl. of micel, mâra), <i>greatest, strongest</i>: nom. sg.
+neut. (with partitive gen.), mæst, <a href="#li78">78</a>, <a href="#li193">193</a>; fem. mæst, <a href="#li2329">2329</a>; acc. sg.
+fem. fæh&eth;e mæste, <a href="#li459">459</a>; mæste ... worolde wynne (<i>the highest earthly
+pleasure</i>), <a href="#li1080">1080</a>; neut. n. (with partitive gen.) mæst mær&eth;a, <a href="#li2646">2646</a>;
+hond-wundra mæst, <a href="#li2769">2769</a>; bæl-fýra mæst, <a href="#li3144">3144</a>; instr. sg. m. mæste
+cräfte, <a href="#li2182">2182</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmäcg">mäcg</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmecg">mecg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägth">mäg&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>wife, maid, woman</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3017">3017</a>; gen.
+pl. mäg&eth;a hôse (<i>accompanied by her maids of honor</i>), <a href="#li925">925</a>; mäg&eth;a,
+<a href="#li944">944</a>, <a href="#li1284">1284</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägen">mägen</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>might, bodily strength, heroic power</i>: acc.
+sg. mägen, <a href="#li518">518</a>, <a href="#li1707">1707</a>; instr. sg. mägene, 780(?), <a href="#li2668">2668</a>; gen. sg. mägenes,
+<a href="#li418">418</a>, <a href="#li1271">1271</a>, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>, <a href="#li1717">1717</a>, etc.; mägnes, <a href="#li671">671</a>, <a href="#li1762">1762</a>; mägenes strang, strengest
+(<i>great in strength</i>), <a href="#li1845">1845</a>, <a href="#li196">196</a>; mägenes rôf (id.), <a href="#li2085">2085</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>prime, flower</i> (of a nation), <i>forces available in war</i>: acc.
+sg. swâ he oft (i.e. etan) dyde mägen Hrê&eth;manna (<i>the best of the
+Hre&eth;men</i>), <a href="#li445">445</a>; gen. sg. wi&eth; manna hwone mägenes Deniga (<i>from(?) any
+of the men of the Danes</i>), <a href="#li155">155</a>.&mdash;Comp. ofer-mägen.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenâgend">mägen-âgend</a>, pres. part., <i>having great strength, valiant</i>:
+gen. pl. -âgendra, <a href="#li2838">2838</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenbyrthen">mägen-byr&eth;en</a>, st. f., <i>huge burthen</i>: acc. sg.
+mägen-byr&eth;enne, <a href="#li3092">3092</a>; dat. (instr.) sg., <a href="#li1626">1626</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägencräft">mägen-cräft</a>, st. m., <i>great, hero-like, strength</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li380">380</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenellen">mägen-ellen</a>, st. n. (the same), acc. sg., <a href="#li660">660</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenfultum">mägen-fultum</a>, st. m., <i>material aid</i>: gen. pl. näs &thorn;ät
+&thorn;onne mætost mägen-fultuma (<i>that was not the least of strong
+helps</i>, i.e. the sword Hrunting), <a href="#li1456">1456</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenræs">mägen-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>mighty attack, onslaught</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1520">1520</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenstrengo">mägen-strengo</a>, st. f., <i>main strength, heroic power</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li2679">2679</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmägenwudu">mägen-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>might-wood</i>, i.e. the spear, lance:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li236">236</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmäst">mäst</a>, st. m., <i>mast</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1899">1899</a>; dat. sg. be mäste
+(<i>beside the mast</i>), <a href="#li36">36</a>; <i>to the mast</i>, <a href="#li1906">1906</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmæthum">mæ&eth;um</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmâthum">mâ&eth;um, hyge-mæ&eth;um</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmæg">mæg</a>, st. m., <i>kinsman by blood</i>: nom. sg. mæg, <a href="#li408">408</a>, <a href="#li738">738</a>,
+<a href="#li759">759</a>, <a href="#li814">814</a>, <a href="#li915">915</a>, <a href="#li1531">1531</a>, <a href="#li1945">1945</a>, etc; (<i>brother</i>), <a href="#li468">468</a>, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>? acc. sg.
+mæg (<i>son</i>), <a href="#li1340">1340</a>; (<i>brother</i>), <a href="#li2440">2440</a>, <a href="#li2485">2485</a>, <a href="#li2983">2983</a>; dat. sg.
+mæge, <a href="#li1979">1979</a>; gen. sg. mæges, <a href="#li2629">2629</a>, <a href="#li2676">2676</a>, <a href="#li2699">2699</a>, <a href="#li2880">2880</a>; nom. pl. mâgas,
+<a href="#li1016">1016</a>; acc. pl. mâgas, <a href="#li2816">2816</a>; dat. pl. mâgum, <a href="#li1179">1179</a>, <a href="#li2615">2615</a>, <a href="#li3066">3066</a>; (<i>to
+brothers</i>), <a href="#li1168">1168</a>; mægum, <a href="#li2354">2354</a>; gen. pl. mâga, <a href="#li247">247</a>, <a href="#li1080">1080</a>, <a href="#li1854">1854</a>,
+<a href="#li2007">2007</a>, <a href="#li2743">2743</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fäderen-, heáfod-, wine-mæg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmægburh">mæg-burh</a>, st. f., <i>borough of blood-kinsmen, entire
+population united by ties of blood</i>; (in wider sense) <i>race,
+people, nation</i>: gen. sg. lond-rihtes ... &thorn;ære mæg-burge (<i>of
+land possessions among the people</i>, i.e. of the Geátas), <a href="#li2888">2888</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmægth">mæg&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>race, people</i>: acc. sg. mæg&eth;e, <a href="#li1012">1012</a>; dat.
+sg. mæg&eth;e, <a href="#li75">75</a>; dat. pl. mæg&eth;um, <a href="#li5">5</a>; gen. pl. mæg&eth;a, <a href="#li25">25</a>, <a href="#li1772">1772</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmægwine">mæg-wine</a>, st. m., <i>blood kinsman, friend</i>, <a href="#li2480">2480</a> (nom.
+pl.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmæl">mæl</a>, st. n.: l) <i>time, point of time</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li316">316</a>; &thorn;â
+wäs sæl and mæl (<i>there was</i> [appropriate] <i>chance and
+time</i>), <a href="#li1009">1009</a>; acc. sg. mæl, <a href="#li2634">2634</a>; instr. pl. ærran mælum, <a href="#li908">908</a>,
+<a href="#li2238">2238</a>, <a href="#li3036">3036</a>; gen. pl. mæla, <a href="#li1250">1250</a>; sæla and mæla, <a href="#li1612">1612</a>; mæla gehwylce
+(<i>each time, without intermission</i>), <a href="#li2058">2058</a>.&mdash;2) <i>sword,
+weapon</i>: nom. sg. broden (brogden) mæl (<i>the drawn sword</i>),
+<a href="#li1617">1617</a>, <a href="#li1668">1668</a> (cf. Grimm, Andreas and Elene, p. 156).&mdash;3) <i>mole, spot,
+mark</i>.&mdash;Comp.: græg-, hring-, scea&eth;en-, wunden-mæl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmælcearu">mæl-cearu</a>, st. f., <i>long-continued sorrow, grief</i>: acc.
+sg. mæl-ceare, <a href="#li189">189</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmælgesceaft">mæl-gesceaft</a>, st. f., <i>fate, appointed time</i>: acc. pl. ie
+on earde bâd mæl-gesceafta (<i>awaited the time allotted for me by
+fate</i>), <a href="#li2738">2738</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmænan">mænan</a>, w. v., with acc. in the sense of (1) <i>to remember,
+mention, proclaim</i>: inf. mænan, <a href="#li1068">1068</a>; pret. part. &thorn;ær wäs Beówulfes
+mær&eth;o mæned, <a href="#li858">858</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to mention sorrowfully, mourn</i>: inf. <a href="#li3173">3173</a>;
+pret. sg. gioh&eth;o mænde (<i>mourned sorrowfully</i>), <a href="#li2268">2268</a>; pret. pl.
+mændon, <a href="#li1150">1150</a>, <a href="#li3150">3150</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemænan">mænan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glmân">mân</a>), w. v. with acc., <i>to injure
+maliciously, break</i>: subj. pret. pl. ge-mænden, <a href="#li1102">1102</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemæne">mæne</a>, adj., <i>common, in common</i>: nom. sg. gemæne, <a href="#li2474">2474</a>;
+&thorn;ær unc hwîle wäs hand gemæne (i.e. in battle), <a href="#li2138">2138</a>; sceal ûrum &thorn;ät
+sweord and helm bâm gemæne (i.e. wesan), <a href="#li2661">2661</a>; nom. pl. gemæne, <a href="#li1861">1861</a>;
+dat. pl. &thorn;ät &thorn;âm folcum sceal ... sib gemænum (attraction for gemæne,
+i.e. wesan), <a href="#li1858">1858</a>; gen. pl. unc sceal (i.e. wesan) fela mâ&eth;ma gemænra
+(<i>we two shall share many treasures together</i>), <a href="#li1785">1785</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmærthu">mær&eth;u</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>glory, a heroes fame</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li858">858</a>;
+acc. sg. mær&eth;o, <a href="#li660">660</a>, <a href="#li688">688</a>; acc. pl. mær&eth;a, <a href="#li2997">2997</a>; instr. pl. mær&eth;um
+(<i>gloriously</i>), <a href="#li2515">2515</a>: gen. pl. mær&eth;a, <a href="#li504">504</a>, <a href="#li1531">1531</a>.&mdash;2) <i>deed of
+glory, heroism</i>: acc. sg. mær&eth;o, <a href="#li2135">2135</a>; gen. pl. mær&eth;a, <a href="#li408">408</a>,
+<a href="#li2646">2646</a>.&mdash;Comp. ellen-mær&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmære">mære</a>, adj., <i>memorable; celebrated, noble; well known,
+notorious</i>: nom. sg. m. mære, <a href="#li103">103</a>, <a href="#li129">129</a>, <a href="#li1716">1716</a>, <a href="#li1762">1762</a>; se mæra, <a href="#li763">763</a>,
+<a href="#li2012">2012</a>, <a href="#li2588">2588</a>; also as vocative m. se mæra, <a href="#li1475">1475</a>; nom. fem. mæru, <a href="#li2017">2017</a>;
+mære, <a href="#li1953">1953</a>; neut. mære, <a href="#li2406">2406</a>; acc. sg. m. mærne, <a href="#li36">36</a>, <a href="#li201">201</a>, <a href="#li353">353</a>, <a href="#li1599">1599</a>,
+<a href="#li2385">2385</a>, <a href="#li2722">2722</a>, <a href="#li2789">2789</a>, <a href="#li3099">3099</a>; neut. mære, <a href="#li1024">1024</a>; dat. sg. mærum, <a href="#li345">345</a>, <a href="#li1302">1302</a>,
+<a href="#li1993">1993</a>, <a href="#li2080">2080</a>, <a href="#li2573">2573</a>; tô &thorn;äm mæran, <a href="#li270">270</a>; gen. sg. mæres, <a href="#li798">798</a>; mæran, <a href="#li1730">1730</a>;
+nom. pl. mære, <a href="#li3071">3071</a>; superl. mærost, <a href="#li899">899</a>,&mdash;Comp.: fore-, hea&eth;o-mære.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmæst">mæst</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmâra">mâra</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmæte">mæte</a>, adj., <i>moderate, small</i>: superl. nom. sg. mætost,
+<a href="#li1456">1456</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmecg">mecg, mäcg</a>, st. m., <i>son, youth, man</i>. in comp. hilde-,
+oret-mecg, wräc-mäcg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedla">medla</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glonmedla">on-medla</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedu">medu</a>, st. m., <i>mead</i>: acc. sg. medu, <a href="#li2634">2634</a>; dat. sg. tô
+medo, <a href="#li605">605</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedoärn">medo-ärn</a>, st. n., <i>mead-hall</i>: acc. sg. medo-ärn (Heorot),
+<a href="#li69">69</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedubenc">medu-benc</a>, st. f., <i>mead-bench, bench in the mead-hall</i>:
+nom. sg. medu-benc, <a href="#li777">777</a>; dat. sg. medu-bence, <a href="#li1053">1053</a>; medo-bence, <a href="#li1068">1068</a>,
+<a href="#li2186">2186</a>; meodu-bence, <a href="#li1903">1903</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedudreám">medu-dreám</a>, st. m., <i>mead-joy, joyous carousing during
+mead-drinking</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li2017">2017</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedoful">medo-ful</a>, st. n., <i>mead-cup</i>: acc. sg. <a href="#li625">625</a>, <a href="#li1016">1016</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedoheal">medo-heal</a>, st. f., <i>mead-hall</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li484">484</a>; dat. sg.
+meodu-healle, <a href="#li639">639</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeduscenc">medu-scenc</a>, st. m., <i>mead-can, vessel</i>: instr. pl.
+meodu-scencum, <a href="#li1981">1981</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeduseld">medu-seld</a>, st. n., <i>mead-seat, mead-house</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li3066">3066</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedosetl">medo-setl</a>, st. n., <i>mead-seat upon which one sits
+mead-drinking</i>: gen. pl. meodo-setla, <a href="#li5">5</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedostîg">medo-stîg</a>, st. f., <i>mead-road, road to the mead-hall</i>:
+acc. sg. medo-stîg, <a href="#li925">925</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmedowang">medo-wang</a>, st. m., <i>mead-field</i> (where the mead-hall
+stood): acc. pl. medo-wongas, <a href="#li1644">1644</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmethel">me&eth;el</a>, st. n., <i>assembly, council</i>: dat. sg. on me&eth;le,
+<a href="#li1877">1877</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmethelstede">me&eth;el-stede</a>, st. m., (properly <i>place of speech,
+judgment-seat</i>), here <i>meeting-place, battle-field</i> (so, also
+<a href="#li425">425</a>, the battle is conceived under the figure of a parliament or
+convention): dat. sg. on &thorn;äm me&eth;el-stede, <a href="#li1083">1083</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmethelword">me&eth;el-word</a>, st. n., <i>words called forth at a discussion;
+address</i>: instr. pl. me&eth;el-wordum, <a href="#li236">236</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmelda">melda</a>, w. m., <i>finder, informer, betrayer</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;äs
+meldan, <a href="#li2406">2406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeltan">meltan</a>, st. v. intrans., <i>to consume by fire, melt or waste
+away</i>: inf., <a href="#li3012">3012</a>; pret. sg. mealt, <a href="#li2327">2327</a>; pl. multon, <a href="#li1121">1121</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-meltan, the same: pret. sg. gemealt, <a href="#li898">898</a>, <a href="#li1609">1609</a>, <a href="#li1616">1616</a>; ne gemealt him
+se môd-sefa (<i>his courage did not desert him</i>), <a href="#li2629">2629</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmen">men</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glman">man</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmene">mene</a>, st. m., <i>neck ornament, necklace, collar</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1200">1200</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmengan">mengan</a>, w. v., <i>to mingle, unite, with</i>, w. acc. of thing:
+inf. se &thorn;e mere-grundas mengan scolde, <a href="#li1450">1450</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-mengan, <i>to mix with, commingle</i>: pret. part. <a href="#li849">849</a>, <a href="#li1594">1594</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmenigu">menigu</a>, st. f., <i>multitude, many</i>: nom. and acc. sg. mâ&eth;ma
+menigeo (<i>multitude of treasures, presents</i>), <a href="#li2144">2144</a>; so, mänigo,
+<a href="#li41">41</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmercels">mercels</a>, st. m., <i>mark, aim</i>: gen. sg. mercelses, <a href="#li2440">2440</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmere">mere</a>, st. m., <i>sea, ocean</i>: nom. sg. se mere, <a href="#li1363">1363</a>; acc.
+sg. on mere, <a href="#li1131">1131</a>, <a href="#li1604">1604</a>; on nicera mere, <a href="#li846">846</a>; dat. sg. fram mere, <a href="#li856">856</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeredeór">mere-deór</a>, st. n., <i>sea-beast</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li558">558</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerefara">mere-fara</a>, w. m., <i>seafarer</i>: gen. sg. mere-faran, <a href="#li502">502</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerefix">mere-fix</a>, st. m., <i>sea-fish</i>: gen. pl. mere-fixa (<i>the
+whale</i>, cf. <a href="#li540">540</a>, <a href="#li549">549</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeregrund">mere-grund</a>, st. m., <i>sea-bottom</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2101">2101</a>; acc.
+pl. mere-grundas, <a href="#li1450">1450</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerehrägl">mere-hrägl</a>, st. n., <i>-sea-garment</i>, i.e., sail: gen. pl.
+mere-hrägla sum, <a href="#li1906">1906</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerelîthend">mere-lî&eth;end</a>, pres. part., <i>moving on the sea, sailor</i>:
+nom. pl. mere-lî&eth;ende, <a href="#li255">255</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerestræt">mere-stræt</a>, st. f., <i>sea-street, way over the sea</i>: acc.
+pl. mere-stræta <a href="#li514">514</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerestrengo">mere-strengo</a>, st. f., <i>sea-power, strength in the sea</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li533">533</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmerewîf">mere-wîf</a>, st. n., <i>sea-woman, mer-woman</i>: acc. sg. (of
+Grendel's mother), <a href="#li1520">1520</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmergen">mergen</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmorgen">morgen</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmet">met</a>, st. n., <i>thought, intention</i> (cf. metian = meditari):
+acc. pl. onsæl meoto, <a href="#li489">489</a> (meaning doubtful; see Bugge, Journal 8,
+292; Dietrich, Haupt's Zeits. 11, 411; Körner, Eng. Stud. 2, 251).</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemet">met</a>, st. n., <i>an apportioned share; might, power, ability
+</i>: nom. sg. nis &thorn;ät ... gemet mannes nefne mîn ânes (<i>nobody,
+myself excepted, can do that</i>), <a href="#li2534">2534</a>; acc. sg. ofer mîn gemet
+(<i>beyond my power</i>), <a href="#li2880">2880</a>; dat. sg. mid gemete, <a href="#li780">780</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemet">met</a>, adj., <i>well-measured, meet, good</i>: nom. sg. swâ
+him gemet &thorn;ince (&thorn;ûhte), (<i>as seemed meet to him</i>), <a href="#li688">688</a>, <a href="#li3058">3058</a>.
+See <a class="glentry" href="#glungemete">un-gemete</a>, adv.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmetan">metan</a>, st. v., <i>to measure, pass over</i> or <i>along</i>:
+pret. pl. fealwe stræte mearum mæton (<i>measured the yellow road with
+their horses</i>), <a href="#li918">918</a>; so, <a href="#li514">514</a>, <a href="#li1634">1634</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-metan, the same: pret. sg. medu-stîg gemät.(<i>measured, walked
+over, the road to the mead-hall</i>), <a href="#li925">925</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmetod">metod</a>, st. m. (the measuring, arranging) <i>Creator, God</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li110">110</a>, <a href="#li707">707</a>, <a href="#li968">968</a>, <a href="#li1058">1058</a>, <a href="#li2528">2528</a>; scîr metod, <a href="#li980">980</a>; sô&eth; metod, <a href="#li1612">1612</a>;
+acc. sg. metod, <a href="#li180">180</a>; dat. sg. metode, <a href="#li169">169</a>, <a href="#li1779">1779</a>; gen. sg. metodes,
+<a href="#li671">671</a>.&mdash;Comp. eald-metod.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmetodsceaft">metod-sceaft</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>the Creator's determination, divine
+purpose, fate</i>: acc. sg. -sceaft, <a href="#li1078">1078</a>.&mdash;2) <i>the Creators
+glory</i>: acc. sg. metod-sceaft seón (i.e. die), <a href="#li1181">1181</a>; dat. sg. tô
+metod-sceafte, <a href="#li2816">2816</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmêce">mêce</a>, st. m., <i>sword</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1939">1939</a>; acc. sg. mêce,
+<a href="#li2048">2048</a>; brâdne mêce, <a href="#li2979">2979</a>; gen. sg. mêces, <a href="#li1766">1766</a>, <a href="#li1813">1813</a>, <a href="#li2615">2615</a>, <a href="#li2940">2940</a>; dat.
+pl. instr. mêcum, <a href="#li565">565</a>; gen. pl. mêca, <a href="#li2686">2686</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beado-, häft-,
+hilde-mêce.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmêd">mêd</a>, st. f., <i>meed, reward</i>: acc. sg. mêde, <a href="#li2135">2135</a>; dat. sg.
+mêde, <a href="#li2147">2147</a>; gen. pl. mêda, <a href="#li1179">1179</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemêde">mêde</a>, st. n., <i>approval, permission</i> (Grein): acc. pl.
+ge-mêdu, <a href="#li247">247</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmêthe">mê&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>tired, exhausted, dejected</i>: in comp. hyge-,
+sæ-mê&eth;e.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmêtan">mêtan</a>, w. v., <i>to meet, find, fall in with</i>: with acc.,
+pret. pl. sy&eth;&eth;an Äscheres ... hafelan mêtton, <a href="#li1422">1422</a>; subj. pret. sg. &thorn;ät
+he ne mêtte ... on elran man mundgripe mâran (<i>that he never met, in
+any other man, with a mightier hand-grip</i>), <a href="#li752">752</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemêtan">mêtan</a>, with acc., the same: pret. sg. gemêtte, <a href="#li758">758</a>, <a href="#li2786">2786</a>;
+pl. näs &thorn;â long tô &thorn;on, &thorn;ät &thorn;â aglæcean hy eft gemêtton (<i>it was not
+long after that the warriors again met each other</i>), <a href="#li2593">2593</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemêting">mêting</a>, st. f., <i>meeting, hostile coming together</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li2002">2002</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeagol">meagol</a>, adj., <i>mighty, immense; formal, solemn</i>: instr.
+pl. meaglum wordum, <a href="#li1981">1981</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmearc">mearc</a>, st. f., <i>frontier, limit, end</i>: dat. sg. tô mearce
+(<i>the end of life</i>), <a href="#li2385">2385</a>.&mdash;Comp. Weder-mearc, <a href="#li298">298</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-mearc, st. n., <i>measure, distance</i>: comp. fôt-, mîl-ge-mearc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmearcian">mearcian</a>, w. v., <i>to mark, stain</i>: pres. ind. sg. mearca&eth;
+môrhopu (<i>will stain, mark, the moor with the blood of the
+corpse</i>), <a href="#li450">450</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-mearcian, the same: pret. part. (Cain) mor&eth;re gemearcod
+(<i>murder-marked</i> [cf. 1 Book Mos. IV. 15]), <a href="#li1265">1265</a>; swâ wäs on &thorn;æm
+scennum ... gemearcod ... hwâm &thorn;ät sweord geworht wære (<i>engraved
+for whom the sword had been wrought</i>), <a href="#li1696">1696</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmearcstapa">mearc-stapa</a>, w. m., <i>march-strider, frontier-haunter</i>
+(applied to Grendel and his mother): nom. sg., <a href="#li103">103</a>; acc. pl.
+mearc-stapan, <a href="#li1349">1349</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmearh">mearh</a>, st. m., <i>horse, steed</i>: nom. pl. mearas, <a href="#li2164">2164</a>; acc.
+pl. mearas, <a href="#li866">866</a>, <a href="#li1036">1036</a>; dat. pl. inst. mearum, <a href="#li856">856</a>, <a href="#li918">918</a>; mearum and
+mâ&eth;mum, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>, <a href="#li1899">1899</a>; gen. pl. meara and mâ&eth;ma, <a href="#li2167">2167</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmearn">mearn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmurnan">murnan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeodu">meodu</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmedu">medu</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeoto">meoto</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmet">met</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeotud">meotud</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmetod">metod</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmeowle">meowle</a>, w. f., <i>maiden</i>: comp. geó-meowle.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmicel">micel</a>, adj., <i>great, huge, long</i> (of time): nom. sg. m.,
+<a href="#li129">129</a>, <a href="#li502">502</a>; fem., <a href="#li67">67</a>, <a href="#li146">146</a>, <a href="#li170">170</a>; neut., <a href="#li772">772</a>; acc. sg. m. micelne, <a href="#li3099">3099</a>;
+fem, micle, <a href="#li1779">1779</a>, <a href="#li3092">3092</a>; neut. micel, <a href="#li270">270</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>. The comp. mâre must be
+supplied before &thorn;one in: medo-ärn micel ... (mâre) &thorn;one yldo beam æfre
+ge-frunon, <a href="#li69">69</a>; instr. sg. ge-trume micle, <a href="#li923">923</a>; micle (<i>by much,
+much</i>); micle leófre (<i>far dearer</i>), <a href="#li2652">2652</a>; efne swâ micle
+(lässa), (<i>[less] even by so much</i>), <a href="#li1284">1284</a>; oftor micle (<i>much
+oftener</i>), <a href="#li1580">1580</a>; dat. sg, weak form miclan, <a href="#li2850">2850</a>; gen. sg. miclan,
+<a href="#li979">979</a>. The gen. sg. micles is an adv. = <i>much, very</i>: micles wyr&eth;ne
+gedôn (<i>deem worthy of much</i>, i.e. honor very highly), <a href="#li2186">2186</a>; tô
+fela micles (<i>far too much, many</i>), <a href="#li695">695</a>; acc. pl. micle, <a href="#li1349">1349</a>.
+Compar., see <a class="glentry" href="#glmâra">mâra</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmid">mid</a>, I. prep. w. dat., instr., and acc., signifying
+preëminently <i>union, community, with</i>, hence: 1) w. dat.: a)
+<i>with, in company, community, with</i>; mid Finne, <a href="#li1129">1129</a>; mid
+Hrô&eth;gâre, <a href="#li1593">1593</a>; mid scip-herge, <a href="#li243">243</a>; mid gesî&eth;um (<i>with his
+comrades</i>), <a href="#li1314">1314</a>; so, <a href="#li1318">1318</a>, <a href="#li1964">1964</a>, <a href="#li2950">2950</a>, etc.; mid his freó-drihtne,
+<a href="#li2628">2628</a>; mid &thorn;æm lâcum (<i>with the gifts</i>), <a href="#li1869">1869</a>; so, <a href="#li2789">2789</a>, <a href="#li125">125</a>; mid
+hæle (<i>with good luck!</i>), <a href="#li1218">1218</a>; mid bæle fôr (<i>sped off amid
+fire</i>), <a href="#li2309">2309</a>. The prep. postponed: him mid (<i>with him, in his
+company</i>), <a href="#li41">41</a>; <i>with him</i>, <a href="#li1626">1626</a>; ne wäs him Fitela mid (<i>was
+not with him</i>), <a href="#li890">890</a>. b) <i>with, among</i>: mid Geátum (<i>among
+the Geátas</i>), <a href="#li195">195</a>, <a href="#li2193">2193</a>, <a href="#li2624">2624</a>; mid Scyldingum, <a href="#li274">274</a>; mid Eotenum,
+<a href="#li903">903</a>; mid yldum (eldum), <a href="#li77">77</a>, <a href="#li2612">2612</a>; mid him (<i>with, among, one
+another</i>), <a href="#li2949">2949</a>. In temporal sense: mid ær-däge (<i>at dawn</i>),
+<a href="#li126">126</a>.&mdash;2) <i>with, with the help of, through</i>, w. dat.: mid
+âr-stafum (<i>through his grace</i>), <a href="#li317">317</a>; so, <a href="#li2379">2379</a>; mid grâpe
+(<i>with the fist</i>), <a href="#li438">438</a>; so, <a href="#li1462">1462</a>, <a href="#li2721">2721</a>; mid his hete-&thorn;oncum
+(<i>through his hatred</i>), <a href="#li475">475</a>; mid sweorde, <a href="#li574">574</a>; so, <a href="#li1660">1660</a>, <a href="#li2877">2877</a>;
+mid gemete (<i>through, by, his power</i>), <a href="#li780">780</a>; so, <a href="#li1220">1220</a>, <a href="#li2536">2536</a>, <a href="#li2918">2918</a>;
+mid gôde (<i>with benefits</i>), <a href="#li1185">1185</a>; mid hearme (<i>with harm,
+insult</i>), <a href="#li1893">1893</a>; mid &thorn;ære sorge (<i>with [through?] this
+sorrow</i>), <a href="#li2469">2469</a>; mid rihte (<i>by rights</i>), <a href="#li2057">2057</a>. With instr.:
+mid &thorn;ý wîfe (<i>through [marriage with] the woman</i>), <a href="#li2029">2029</a>.&mdash;3) w.
+acc., <i>with, in community, company, with</i>: mid his eorla gedriht,
+<a href="#li357">357</a>; so, <a href="#li634">634</a>, <a href="#li663">663</a>, <a href="#li1673">1673</a>; mid hine, <a href="#li880">880</a>; mid mînne gold-gyfan, <a href="#li2653">2653</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. adv., mid, <i>thereamong, in the company</i>, <a href="#li1643">1643</a>; <i>at the same
+time, likewise</i>, <a href="#li1650">1650</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmiddangeard">middan-geard</a>, st. m., <i>globe, earth</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li75">75</a>, <a href="#li1772">1772</a>;
+dat. sg. on middan-gearde, <a href="#li2997">2997</a>; gen. sg. middan-geardes, <a href="#li504">504</a>, <a href="#li752">752</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmidde">midde</a>, w. f., <i>middle = medius</i>: dat. sg. on middan
+(<i>through the middle, in two</i>), <a href="#li2706">2706</a>; gen. sg. (adv.) tô-middes
+(<i>in the midst</i>), <a href="#li3142">3142</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmiddelniht">middel-niht</a>, st. f., <i>midnight</i>: dat. pl. middel-nihtum,
+<a href="#li2783">2783</a>, <a href="#li2834">2834</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmiht">miht</a>, st. f., <i>might, power, authority</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh
+drihtnes miht (<i>through the Lord's help, power</i>), <a href="#li941">941</a>; instr. pl.
+selfes mihtum, <a href="#li701">701</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmihtig">mihtig</a>, adj.: 1) <i>physically strong, powerful</i>: acc. sg.
+mihtig mere-deór, <a href="#li558">558</a>; mere-wîf mihtig, <a href="#li1520">1520</a>.&mdash;2) <i>possessing
+authority, mighty</i>: nom. sg. mihtig god, <a href="#li702">702</a>, <a href="#li1717">1717</a>, <a href="#li1726">1726</a>; dat. sg.
+mihtigan drihtne, <a href="#li1399">1399</a>.&mdash;Comp.: äl-, fore-mihtig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmilde">milde</a>, adj., <i>kind, gracious, generous</i>: nom. sg. môdes
+milde (<i>kind-hearted</i>), <a href="#li1230">1230</a>; instr. pl. mildum wordum
+(<i>graciously</i>), <a href="#li1173">1173</a>. Superl. nom. sg. worold-cyning mannum
+mildust (<i>a king most liberal to men</i>), <a href="#li3183">3183</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmilts">milts</a>, st. f., <i>kindness, benevolence</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2922">2922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmissan">missan</a>, w. v. with gen., <i>to miss, err in</i>: pret. sg.
+miste mercelses (<i>missed the mark</i>), <a href="#li2440">2440</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmissere">missere</a>, st. n., <i>space of a semester, half a year</i>: gen.
+pl. hund missera (<i>fifty winters</i>), <a href="#li2734">2734</a>, <a href="#li2210">2210</a>; generally, <i>a
+long period of time, season</i>, <a href="#li1499">1499</a>, <a href="#li1770">1770</a>; fela missera, <a href="#li153">153</a>, <a href="#li2621">2621</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmisthlith">mist-hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>misty cliff, cloud-capped slope</i>: dat.
+pl. under mist-hleo&eth;um, <a href="#li711">711</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmistig">mistig</a>, adj., <i>misty</i>: acc. pl. mistige môras, <a href="#li162">162</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmîlgemearc">mîl-gemearc</a>, st. n., <i>measure by miles</i>: gen. sg.
+mîl-gemearces, <a href="#li1363">1363</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmîn">mîn</a>: 1) poss. pron., <i>my, mine</i>, <a href="#li255">255</a>, <a href="#li345">345</a>, etc.; Hygelâc
+mîn (<i>my lord</i>, or <i>king, H.</i>), <a href="#li2435">2435</a>.&mdash;2) gen. sg. of pers.
+pron. ic, <i>of me</i>, <a href="#li2085">2085</a>, <a href="#li2534">2534</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmolde">molde</a>, w. f., <i>dust; earth, field</i>: in comp. gräs-molde.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmon">mon</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glman">man</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemong">mong</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgemang">mang</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorthbealu">mor&eth;-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>murder, deadly hale</i> or <i>deed of
+murder</i>: gen. pl. mor&eth;-beala, <a href="#li136">136</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorthor">mor&eth;or</a>, st. n., <i>deed of violence, murder</i>: dat. instr.
+sg. mor&eth;re, <a href="#li893">893</a>, <a href="#li1265">1265</a>, <a href="#li2783">2783</a>; gen. sg. mor&eth;res, <a href="#li2056">2056</a>; mor&eth;res scyldig
+(<i>guilty of murder</i>), <a href="#li1684">1684</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorthorbed">mor&eth;or-bed</a>, st. n., <i>bed of death, murder-bed</i>: acc. sg.
+wäs &thorn;am yldestan ... mor&eth;or-bed strêd (<i>a bed of death was spread
+for the eldest</i>, i.e. through murder his death-bed was prepared),
+<a href="#li2437">2437</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorthorbealu">mor&eth;or-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>death-bale, destruction by murder</i>:
+acc. sg. mor&eth;or-bealo, <a href="#li1080">1080</a>, <a href="#li2743">2743</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorthorhete">mor&eth;or-hete</a>, st. m., <i>murderous hate</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;äs
+mor&eth;or-hetes, <a href="#li1106">1106</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgen">morgen, morn, mergen</a>, st. m., <i>morning, forenoon</i>; also
+<i>morrow</i>: nom. sg. morgen, <a href="#li1785">1785</a>, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>; (<i>morrow</i>), <a href="#li2104">2104</a>;
+acc. sg. on morgen (<i>in the morning</i>), <a href="#li838">838</a>; dat. sg. on morgne,
+<a href="#li2485">2485</a>; on mergenne, <a href="#li565">565</a>, <a href="#li2940">2940</a>; gen. pl. morna gehwylce (<i>every
+morning</i>), <a href="#li2451">2451</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgenceald">morgen-ceald</a>, adj., <i>morning-cold, dawn-cold</i>: nom. sg.
+gâr morgen-ceald (<i>spear chilled by the early air of morn</i>),
+<a href="#li3023">3023</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgenlang">morgen-lang</a>, adj., <i>lasting through the morning</i>: acc. sg.
+morgen-longne däg (<i>the whole forenoon</i>), <a href="#li2895">2895</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgenleóht">morgen-leóht</a>, st. n., <i>morning-light</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li605">605</a>, <a href="#li918">918</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgenswêg">morgen-swêg</a>, st. m., <i>morning-cry, cry at morn</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li129">129</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorgentîd">morgen-tîd</a>, st. f., <i>morning-tide</i>: acc. sg. on
+morgen-tîde, <a href="#li484">484</a>, <a href="#li818">818</a>(?)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmorn">morn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glmorgen">morgen</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôd">môd</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>heart, soul, spirit, mood, mind, manner of
+thinking</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li50">50</a>, <a href="#li731">731</a>; wäfre môd (<i>the flicker ing spirit,
+the fading breath</i>), <a href="#li1151">1151</a>; acc. sg. on môd (<i>into his mind</i>),
+<a href="#li67">67</a>; dat. instr. sg. môde ge&thorn;ungen (<i>of mature, lofty spirit</i>),
+<a href="#li625">625</a>; on môde (<i>in heart, mind</i>), <a href="#li754">754</a>, <a href="#li1845">1845</a>, <a href="#li2282">2282</a>? <a href="#li2528">2528</a>; on hreóum
+môde (<i>fierce of spirit</i>), <a href="#li2582">2582</a>; gen. sg. modes, <a href="#li171">171</a>, <a href="#li811">811</a>, <a href="#li1707">1707</a>;
+modes blî&eth;e (<i>gracious-minded, kindly disposed</i>), <a href="#li436">436</a>; so, môdes
+milde, <a href="#li1230">1230</a>; môdes seóce (<i>depressed in mind</i>), <a href="#li1604">1604</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>boldness, courage</i>: nom. and acc. sg., <a href="#li1058">1058</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>. 3)
+<i>passion, fierceness</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li549">549</a>.&mdash;Comp. form adj.: galg-,
+geômor-, gläd-, gû&eth;-, hreóh-, irre-, sârig-, stî&eth;-, swî&eth;-, wêrig-môd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdcearu">môd-cearu</a>, st. f., <i>grief of heart</i>: acc. sg. môd-ceare,
+<a href="#li1993">1993</a>, <a href="#li3150">3150</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdgehygd">môd-gehygd</a>, st. f ., <i>thought of the heart; mind</i>: instr.
+pl. môd-gehygdum, 233</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdgethanc">môd-ge-&thorn;anc</a>, st. n., <i>mood-thought, meditation</i>: acc. sg.
+môd-ge-&thorn;onc, <a href="#li1730">1730</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdgiômor">môd-giômor</a>, adj., <i>grieved at heart, dejected</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2895">2895</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdig">môdig</a>, adj., <i>courageous</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li605">605</a>, <a href="#li1644">1644</a>, <a href="#li1813">1813</a>,
+<a href="#li2758">2758</a>; he &thorn;äs (&thorn;äm, MS.) môdig wäs (<i>had the courage for it</i>),
+<a href="#li1509">1509</a>; se môdega, <a href="#li814">814</a>; dat. sg. mid &thorn;am môdigan, <a href="#li3012">3012</a>; gen. sg. môdges,
+<a href="#li502">502</a>; môdiges, <a href="#li2699">2699</a>; Geáta leód georne trûwode môdgan mägnes
+(<i>trusted firmly in his bold strength</i>), <a href="#li671">671</a>; nom. pl. môdge,
+<a href="#li856">856</a>; môdige, <a href="#li1877">1877</a>; gen. pl. môdigra, <a href="#li312">312</a>, <a href="#li1889">1889</a>.&mdash;Comp, fela-môdig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdiglîc">môdig-lîc</a>, adj., <i>of bold appearance</i>: compar. acc. pl.
+môdiglîcran, <a href="#li337">337</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdlufe">môd-lufe</a>, w. f., <i>hearts affection, love</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;înre
+môd-lufan, <a href="#li1824">1824</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdsefa">môd-sefa</a>, w. m., <i>thought of the heart; brave, bold temper;
+courage</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li349">349</a>, <a href="#li1854">1854</a>, <a href="#li2629">2629</a>; acc. sg. môd-sefan, <a href="#li2013">2013</a>; dat.
+sg. môd-sefan, <a href="#li180">180</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdthracu">môd-&thorn;racu</a>, st. f., <i>boldness, courage, strength of mind</i>:
+dat. sg. for his môd-&thorn;räce, <a href="#li385">385</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôdor">môdor</a>, f., <i>mother</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1259">1259</a>, <a href="#li1277">1277</a>, <a href="#li1283">1283</a>, <a href="#li1684">1684</a>,
+<a href="#li2119">2119</a>; acc. sg. môdor, <a href="#li1539">1539</a>, <a href="#li2140">2140</a>, <a href="#li2933">2933</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôna">môna</a>, w. m., <i>moon</i>: gen. sg. mônan, <a href="#li94">94</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôr">môr</a>, st. m., <i>moor, morass, swamp</i>: acc. sg. ofer myrcan
+môr, <a href="#li1406">1406</a>; dat. sg. of môre, <a href="#li711">711</a>; acc. pl. môras, <a href="#li103">103</a>, <a href="#li162">162</a>, <a href="#li1349">1349</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôrhop">môr-hop</a>, st. n., <i>place of refuge in the moor, hiding-place
+in the swamp</i>: acc. pl. môr-hopu, <a href="#li450">450</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemôt">môt</a>, st. n., <i>meeting</i>: in comp. hand-, torn-ge-môt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmôtan">môtan</a>, pret.-pres. v.: 1) <i>power</i> or <i>permission to have
+something, to be permitted; may, can</i>: pres. sg. I., III. môt, <a href="#li186">186</a>,
+<a href="#li442">442</a>, <a href="#li604">604</a>; II. môst, <a href="#li1672">1672</a>; pl. môton, <a href="#li347">347</a>, <a href="#li365">365</a>, <a href="#li395">395</a>; pres. subj. ic
+môte, <a href="#li431">431</a>; III. se &thorn;e môte, <a href="#li1388">1388</a>; pret sg. môste, <a href="#li168">168</a>, <a href="#li707">707</a>, <a href="#li736">736</a>, <a href="#li895">895</a>,
+<a href="#li1488">1488</a>, <a href="#li1999">1999</a>, <a href="#li2242">2242</a>, <a href="#li2505">2505</a>, etc.; pl. môston, <a href="#li1629">1629</a>, <a href="#li1876">1876</a>, <a href="#li2039">2039</a>, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>,
+<a href="#li2248">2248</a>; pres. subj. sg. II. &thorn;ät &thorn;u hine selfne geseón môste (<i>mightest
+see</i>), <a href="#li962">962</a>.&mdash;2) <i>shall, must, be obliged</i>: pres. sg. môt,
+<a href="#li2887">2887</a>; pret. sg. môste, <a href="#li1940">1940</a>; &thorn;ær he &thorn;ý fyrste forman dôgore wealdan
+môste, swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf, hrê&eth; ät hilde (<i>if he must for the
+first time that day be victorious, as Fate had denied him victory</i>,
+cf. <a href="#li2681">2681</a>, <a href="#li2683">2683</a> seqq.), <a href="#li2575">2575</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemunan">munan</a>, pret.-pres. v., <i>to have in mind, be mindful; remember,
+think of</i>, w. acc.: pres. sg. hine gearwe geman witena wel-hwylc
+(<i>each of the knowing ones still remembers him well</i>), <a href="#li265">265</a>; ic &thorn;e &thorn;äs
+leán geman (<i>I shall not forget thy reward for this</i>), <a href="#li1221">1221</a>; ic &thorn;ät
+eall gemon (<i>I remember all that</i>), <a href="#li2428">2428</a>; so, <a href="#li1702">1702</a>, <a href="#li2043">2043</a>; gif he &thorn;ät
+eall gemon hwät ... (<i>if he is mindful of all that which</i> ...), <a href="#li1186">1186</a>;
+ic &thorn;ät mæl gemon hwær... (<i>I remember the time when</i>...), <a href="#li2634">2634</a>; pret.
+sg. w. gemunde... æfen-spræce (<i>recalled his evening speech</i>), <a href="#li759">759</a>;
+so, <a href="#li871">871</a>, <a href="#li1130">1130</a>, <a href="#li1260">1260</a>, <a href="#li1271">1271</a>, <a href="#li1291">1291</a>, <a href="#li2115">2115</a>, <a href="#li2432">2432</a>, <a href="#li2607">2607</a>, <a href="#li2679">2679</a>; se &thorn;äs leód-hryres
+leán ge-munde (<i>was mindful of reward for the fall of the ruler</i>),
+<a href="#li2392">2392</a>; &thorn;ät he Eotena bearn inne gemunde (<i>that he in this should remember,
+take vengeance on, the children of the Eotens</i>), <a href="#li1142">1142</a>; so, hond gemunde
+fæh&eth;o genôge (<i>his hand remembered strife enough</i>), <a href="#li2490">2490</a>; ne ge-munde
+mago Ecglâfes &thorn;ät ... (<i>remembered not that which</i> ...), <a href="#li1466">1466</a>; pret.
+pl. helle gemundon in môd-sefan (<i>their thoughts</i> [as heathens]
+<i>fixed themselves on, remembered, hell</i>), <a href="#li179">179</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-munan, w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, <i>to admonish, exhort</i>:
+pret. sg. onmunde ûsic mær&eth;a (<i>exhorted us to deeds of glory</i>),
+<a href="#li2641">2641</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmund">mund</a>, st. f., <i>hand</i>: instr. pl. mundum, mid mundum, <a href="#li236">236</a>,
+<a href="#li514">514</a>, <a href="#li1462">1462</a>, <a href="#li3023">3023</a>, <a href="#li3092">3092</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmundbora">mund-bora</a>, w. m., <i>protector, guardian, preserver</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1481">1481</a>, <a href="#li2780">2780</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmundgripe">mund-gripe</a>, st. m., <i>hand-grip, seizure</i>: acc. sg.
+mund-gripe, <a href="#li754">754</a>; dat. sg. mund-gripe, <a href="#li380">380</a>, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>; äfter mund-gripe
+(<i>after having seized the criminal</i>), <a href="#li1939">1939</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmurnan">murnan</a>, st. v., <i>to shrink from, be afraid of, avoid</i>:
+pret. sg. nô mearn fore fæh&eth;e and fyrene, <a href="#li136">136</a>; so, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; nalles for
+ealdre mearn (<i>was not apprehensive for his life</i>), <a href="#li1443">1443</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to mourn, grieve</i>: pres. part. him wäs ... murnende môd, <a href="#li50">50</a>;
+pres. subj., &thorn;onne he fela murne (<i>than that he should mourn
+much</i>), <a href="#li1386">1386</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-murnan, be-meornan, with acc., <i>to mourn over</i>: pret.
+be-mearn, <a href="#li908">908</a>, <a href="#li1078">1078</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmurnlîce">murn-lîce</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glunmurnlîce">un-murn-lîce</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmûthbana">mû&eth;-bana</a>, w. m., <i>mouth-destroyer</i>: dat. sg. tô mû&eth;-bonan
+(of Grendel because he bit his victim to death), <a href="#li2080">2080</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmûtha">mû&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>mouth, entrance</i>: acc. sg. recedes mû&eth;an
+(<i>mouth of the house, door</i>), <a href="#li725">725</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemynd">mynd</a>, st. f., <i>memory, memorial, remembrance</i>: dat. pl.
+tô gemyndum, <a href="#li2805">2805</a>, <a href="#li3017">3017</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorthmynd">weor&eth;-mynd</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmyhdgian">myhdgian</a>, w. v., <i>to call to mind, remember</i>: pres. sg.
+myndga&eth;, <a href="#li2058">2058</a>; pres. part. w. gen. gif &thorn;onne Fresna hwylc ... &thorn;äs
+mor&eth;or-hetes myndgiend wære (<i>were to call to mind the bloody
+feud</i>), <a href="#li1106">1106</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-myndgian, w. v. w. acc., <i>to remember</i>: bi&eth; gemyndgad ...
+eaforan ellor-sî&eth; (<i>is reminded of his son's decease</i>), <a href="#li2451">2451</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemyndig">myndig</a>, adj., <i>mindful</i>: nom. sg. w. gen., <a href="#li614">614</a>, <a href="#li869">869</a>,
+<a href="#li1174">1174</a>, <a href="#li1531">1531</a>, <a href="#li2083">2083</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmyne">myne</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>mind, wish</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2573">2573</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>love</i>(?): ne his myne wisse (<i>whose</i> [God's] <i>love he
+knew not</i>), <a href="#li169">169</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgemynian">mynian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to be mindful of</i>: imper. sg.
+gemyne mær&eth;o! <a href="#li660">660</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmyntan">myntan</a>, w. v., <i>to intend, think of, resolve</i>: pret. sg.
+mynte ... manna cynnes sumne besyrwan (<i>meant to entrap all</i>(?)
+[see <a class="glentry" href="#glsum">sum</a>], <i>some one of (?), the men</i>), <a href="#li713">713</a>; mynte &thorn;ät he
+gedælde ... (<i>thought to sever</i>), <a href="#li732">732</a>; mynte se mæra, &thorn;ær he
+meahte swâ, wîdre gewindan (<i>intended to flee</i>), <a href="#li763">763</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmyrce">myrce</a>, adj., <i>murky, dark</i>: acc. sg. ofer myrcan môr,
+<a href="#li1406">1406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glmyrth">myr&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>joy, mirth</i>: dat. (instr.) sg. môdes myr&eth;e,
+8n.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossN">N</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnaca">naca</a>, w. m., <i>vessel, ship</i>: acc. sg. nacan, <a href="#li295">295</a>; gen. sg.
+nacan, <a href="#li214">214</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hring-, ý&eth;-naca.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnacod">nacod</a>, adj., <i>naked</i>: nom. and acc. sg. swurd, gû&eth;-bill
+nacod, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li2586">2586</a>; nacod nî&eth;-draca, <a href="#li2274">2274</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnalas">nalas, nales, nallas</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glnealles">nealles</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnama">nama</a>, w. m., <i>name</i>: nom. sg. Beówulf is mîn nama, <a href="#li343">343</a>; wäs &thorn;äm
+häft-mêce Hrunting nama, <a href="#li1458">1458</a>; acc. sg. scôp him Heort naman (<i>gave it
+the name Hart</i>), <a href="#li78">78</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnâ">nâ</a> (from ne-â), strength, negative, <i>never, not all</i>, <a href="#li445">445</a>,
+<a href="#li567">567</a>, <a href="#li1537">1537</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnâh">nâh</a>, from ne-âh. See <a class="glentry" href="#glâgan">âgan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnân">nân</a> (from ne-ân), indef. pron., <i>none, no</i>: with gen. pl.
+gû&eth;-billa nân, <a href="#li804">804</a>; adjectively, nân ... îren ærgôd, <a href="#li990">990</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnât">nât</a>, from ne-wât: <i>I know not=nescio</i>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwitan">witan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnâthwylc">nât-hwylc</a> (nescio quis, ne-wât-hwylc, <i>know not who, which</i>,
+etc.), indef. pron., <i>any, a certain one, some or other</i>: 1) w.
+partitive gen.: nom. sg. gumena nât-hwylc, <a href="#li2234">2234</a>;. gen. sg. nât-hwylces
+(&thorn;âra banena), <a href="#li2054">2054</a>; ni&eth;a nât-hwylces(?), <a href="#li2216">2216</a>; nât-hwylces häle&eth;a bearna,
+<a href="#li2225">2225</a>.&mdash;2) adjectively: dat. sg. in ni&eth;-sele nât-hwylcum, <a href="#li1514">1514</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäbben">näbben</a>, from ne-häbben (subj. pres.). See <a class="glentry" href="#glhabban">habban</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäfne">näfne</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glnefne">nefne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnägel">nägel</a>, st. m., <i>nail</i>: gen. pl. nägla (of the
+finger-nails), <a href="#li986">986</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnägled">nägled</a>, part., <i>nailed?, nail-like?, buckled?</i>: acc. sg.
+neut. nägled (MS. gled) sinc, <a href="#li2024">2024</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäs">näs</a>, st. m., <i>naze, rock projecting into the sea, cliff,
+promontory</i>: acc. sg. näs, <a href="#li1440">1440</a>, <a href="#li1601">1601</a>, <a href="#li2899">2899</a>; dat. sg. nässe, <a href="#li2244">2244</a>,
+<a href="#li2418">2418</a>; acc. pl. windige nässas, <a href="#li1412">1412</a>; gen. pl. nässa, <a href="#li1361">1361</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäs">näs</a>, from ne-wäs (<i>was not</i>). See <a class="glentry" href="#glwesan">wesan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäs">näs</a>, neg. adv., <i>not, not at all</i>, <a href="#li562">562</a>, <a href="#li2263">2263</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnäshlith">näs-hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>declivity, slope of a promontory that
+sinks downward to the sea</i>: dat. pl. on näs-hleo&eth;um, <a href="#li1428">1428</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnæfre">næfre</a>, adv., <i>never</i>, <a href="#li247">247</a>, <a href="#li583">583</a>, <a href="#li592">592</a>, <a href="#li656">656</a>, <a href="#li719">719</a>, <a href="#li1042">1042</a>, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>,
+etc.; also strengthened by ne: næfre ne, <a href="#li1461">1461</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenægan">nægan</a>, w. v. w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, <i>to attack,
+press</i>; pret. pl. nî&eth;a genægdan nefan Hererîces (<i>in combats
+pressed hard upon H.'s nephew</i>), <a href="#li2207">2207</a>; pret. part. wear&eth; ... nî&eth;a
+genæged, <a href="#li1440">1440</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnænig">nænig</a> (from ne-ænig), pron., <i>not any, none, no</i>: 1)
+substantively w. gen. pl.: nom. sg., <a href="#li157">157</a>, <a href="#li242">242</a>, <a href="#li692">692</a>; dat. sg. nænegum,
+<a href="#li599">599</a>; gen. pl. nænigra, <a href="#li950">950</a>.&mdash;2) adjectively: nom. sg. ô&eth;er nænig, <a href="#li860">860</a>;
+nænig wäter, <a href="#li1515">1515</a>; nænig ... deór, <a href="#li1934">1934</a>; acc. sg. nænigne ...
+hord-mâ&eth;&eth;um, <a href="#li1199">1199</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnære">nære</a>, from ne-wære (<i>were not, would not be</i>). See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glwesan">wesan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glne">ne</a>, simple neg., <i>not</i>, <a href="#li38">38</a>, <a href="#li50">50</a>, <a href="#li80">80</a>, <a href="#li83">83</a>, <a href="#li109">109</a>, etc.; before
+imper. ne sorga! <a href="#li1385">1385</a>; ne gým! <a href="#li1761">1761</a>, etc. Doubled =<i>certainly not,
+not even that</i>: ne ge ... gearwe ne wisson (<i>ye certainly have
+not known</i>, etc.), <a href="#li245">245</a>; so, <a href="#li863">863</a>; ne ic ... wihte ne wêne (<i>nor do
+I at all in the least expect</i>), <a href="#li2923">2923</a>; so, <a href="#li182">182</a>. Strengthened by
+other neg.: nô&eth;er ... ne, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>; swâ he ne mihte nô ... (<i>so that he
+absolutely could not</i>), <a href="#li1509">1509</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ne ... ne, <i>not ... and not, nor; neither ... nor</i>, <a href="#li154">154-157</a>, <a href="#li511">511</a>,
+<a href="#li1083">1083-1085</a>, etc. Another neg. may supply the place of the first ne: so,
+nô ... ne, <a href="#li575">575-577</a>, <a href="#li1026">1026-1028</a>, <a href="#li1393">1393-1395</a>, etc.; næfre ... ne, <a href="#li583">583-584</a>;
+nalles ... ne, <a href="#li3016">3016-3017</a>. The neg. may be omitted the first time: ær
+ne si&eth;&eth;an (<i>neither before nor after, before nor since</i>), <a href="#li719">719</a>;
+sû&eth; ne nor&eth; (<i>south nor north</i>), <a href="#li859">859</a>; âdl ne yldo (<i>neither
+illness nor old age</i>), <a href="#li1737">1737</a>; wordum ne worcum (<i>neither by word
+nor deed</i>), <a href="#li1101">1101</a>; wiston and ne wêndon (<i>knew not and weened
+not</i>), <a href="#li1605">1605</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnefa">nefa</a>, w. m., <i>nephew, grandson</i>: nom. sg. nefa
+(<i>grandson</i>), <a href="#li1204">1204</a>; so, <a href="#li1963">1963</a>; (<i>nephew</i>), <a href="#li2171">2171</a>; acc. sg.
+nefan (<i>nephew</i>), <a href="#li2207">2207</a>; dat. sg. nefan (<i>nephew</i>), <a href="#li882">882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnefne">nefne, näfne, nemne</a> (orig. from ne-gif-ne): 1) subj.: a) with
+depend. clause = <i>unless</i>: nefne him witig god wyrd forstôde
+(<i>if fate, the wise God, had not prevented him</i>), <a href="#li1057">1057</a>; nefne god
+sylfa ... sealde (<i>unless God himself</i>, etc.), <a href="#li3055">3055</a>; näfne him his
+wlite leóge (MS. næfre) (<i>unless his face belie him</i>), <a href="#li250">250</a>; näfne
+he wäs mâra (<i>except that he was huger</i>), <a href="#li1354">1354</a>; nemne him
+hea&eth;o-byrne helpe ge-fremede, <a href="#li1553">1553</a>; so, <a href="#li2655">2655</a>.&mdash;b) w. follow.
+substantive = <i>except, save, only</i>: nefne sin-freá (<i>except the
+husband</i>), <a href="#li1935">1935</a>; ic lyt hafo heáfod-mâga nefne Hygelâc &thorn;ec (<i>have
+no near kin but thee</i>), <a href="#li2152">2152</a>; nis &thorn;ät eówer (gen. pl.) sî&eth; ...
+nefne mîn ânes, <a href="#li2534">2534</a>.&mdash;2) Prep. with dat., <i>except</i>: nemne feáum
+ânum, <a href="#li1082">1082</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenehost">nehost</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgeneahhe">neahhe</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnelle">nelle</a>, from ne-wille (<i>I will not</i>). See <a class="glentry" href="#glwillan">willan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnemnan">nemnan</a>, w. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to name, call</i>: pres. pl. &thorn;one
+yldestan oret-mecgas Beówulf nemna&eth; (<i>the warriors call the most
+distinguished one Beówulf</i>), <a href="#li364">364</a>; so inf. nemnan, <a href="#li2024">2024</a>; pret. pl.
+nemdon, <a href="#li1355">1355</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to address</i>, as in</p>
+
+<p>be-nemnan, <i>to pronounce solemnly, put under a spell</i>: pret. sg.
+Fin Hengeste ... â&eth;um be-nemde &thorn;ät (<i>asserted, promised under oath
+that</i> ...), <a href="#li1098">1098</a>; pret. pl. swâ hit ô&eth; dômes däg diópe benemdon
+&thorn;eódnas mære (<i>put under a curse</i>), <a href="#li3070">3070</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnemne">nemne</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glnefne">nefne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnerian">nerian</a>, ge-<b>nerian</b>, w. v., <i>to save, rescue,
+liberate</i>: pres. sg. Wyrd oft nere&eth; unfægne eorl, <a href="#li573">573</a>; pret. part.
+häfde ... sele Hrô&eth;gâres ge-nered wi&eth; nî&eth;e (<i>saved from
+hostility</i>), <a href="#li828">828</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenesan">nesan</a>, st. v.: 1) intrans., <i>to remain over, be
+preserved</i>: pret. sg. hrôf âna genäs ealles ansund (<i>the roof
+alone was quite sound</i>), <a href="#li1000">1000</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc., <i>to endure
+successfully, survive, escape from</i>: pret. sg. se &thorn;â säcce ge-näs,
+<a href="#li1978">1978</a>; fela ic ... gû&eth;-ræsa ge-näs, <a href="#li2427">2427</a>; pret. part. swâ he nî&eth;a
+gehwane genesen häfde, <a href="#li2398">2398</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnet">net</a>, st. n., <i>net</i>: in comp. breóst-, here-, hring-,
+inwit-, searo-net.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnêdla">nêdla</a>, w. m., <i>dire necessity, distress</i>: in comp.
+&thorn;reá-nêdla.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnêthan">nê&eth;an</a> (G. nan&thorn;jan), w. v., <i>to venture, undertake boldly</i>:
+pres. part. nearo nê&eth;ende (<i>encountering peril</i>), <a href="#li2351">2351</a>; pret. pl.
+&thorn;ær git ... on deóp water aldrum nê&eth;don (<i>where ye two risked your
+lives in the deep water</i>), <a href="#li510">510</a>; so, <a href="#li538">538</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-nê&eth;an, the same: inf. ne dorste under ý&eth;a gewin aldre ge-nê&eth;an,
+<a href="#li1470">1470</a>. With depend. clause: nænig &thorn;ät dorste genê&eth;an &thorn;ät (<i>none durst
+undertake to</i> ...), <a href="#li1934">1934</a>; pret. sg. he under hârne stân âna genê&eth;de
+frêcne dæde (<i>he risked alone the bold deed, venturing under the
+grey rock</i>), <a href="#li889">889</a>; (ic) wîge under wätere weorc genê&eth;de earfo&eth;-lîce
+(<i>I with difficulty stood the work under the water in battle</i>,
+i.e. could hardly win the victory), <a href="#li1657">1657</a>; ic genê&eth;de fela gû&eth;a
+(<i>ventured on, risked, many contests</i>), <a href="#li2512">2512</a>; pres. pl. (of
+majesty) we ... frêcne genê&eth;don eafo&eth; uncû&eth;es (<i>we have boldly
+risked, dared, the monster's power</i>), <a href="#li961">961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnêh">nêh</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glneáh">neáh</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeneahhe">neahhe</a>, adv., <i>enough, sufficiently</i>, <a href="#li784">784</a>, <a href="#li3153">3153</a>;
+superl. genehost brägd eorl Beówulfes ealde lâfe (<i>many an earl of
+B.'s</i>), <a href="#li795">795</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnealles">nealles</a> (from ne-ealles), adv., <i>omnino non, not at all, by
+no means</i>: nealles, <a href="#li2146">2146</a>, <a href="#li2168">2168</a>, <a href="#li2180">2180</a>, <a href="#li2223">2223</a>, <a href="#li2597">2597</a>, etc.; nallas,
+<a href="#li1720">1720</a>, <a href="#li1750">1750</a>; nalles, <a href="#li338">338</a>, <a href="#li1019">1019</a>, <a href="#li1077">1077</a>, <a href="#li1443">1443</a>, <a href="#li2504">2504</a>, etc.; nalas, <a href="#li43">43</a>,
+<a href="#li1494">1494</a>, <a href="#li1530">1530</a>, <a href="#li1538">1538</a>; nales, <a href="#li1812">1812</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnearo">nearo</a>, st. n., <i>strait, danger, distress</i>: acc. sg. nearo,
+<a href="#li2351">2351</a>, <a href="#li2595">2595</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnearo">nearo</a>, adj., <i>narrow</i>: acc. pl. f. nearwe, <a href="#li1410">1410</a>.</p>
+
+<p>nearwe, adv., <i>narrowly</i>, <a href="#li977">977</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnearocräft">nearo-cräft</a>, st. m., <i>art of rendering difficult of access?,
+inaccessibility</i> (see <a href="#li2214">2214</a> seqq.): instr. pl. nearo-cräftum, <a href="#li2244">2244</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnearofâh">nearo-fâh</a>, m., <i>foe that causes distress, war-foe</i>: gen.
+sg. nearo-fâges, <a href="#li2318">2318</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnearothearf">nearo-&thorn;earf</a>, st. f., <i>dire need, distress</i>: acc. sg.
+nearo-&thorn;earfe, <a href="#li422">422</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenearwian">nearwian</a>, w. v., <i>to drive into a corner, press upon</i>:
+pret. part. genearwod, <a href="#li1439">1439</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneáh">neáh, nêh</a>: 1) adj., <i>near, nigh</i>: nom. sg. neáh, <a href="#li1744">1744</a>,
+<a href="#li2729">2729</a>. In superl. also = <i>last</i>: instr. sg. nýhstan sî&eth;e (<i>for
+the last time</i>), <a href="#li1204">1204</a>; niéhstan sî&eth;e, <a href="#li2512">2512</a>.</p>
+
+<p>2) adv., <i>near</i>: feor and (o&eth;&eth;e) neáh, <a href="#li1222">1222</a>, <a href="#li2871">2871</a>; 3) prep,
+sæ-grunde neáh, <a href="#li564">564</a>; so, <a href="#li1925">1925</a>, <a href="#li2243">2243</a>; holm-wylme nêh, <a href="#li2412">2412</a>. Compar.
+neár, <a href="#li746">746</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneán">neán</a>, adv., <i>near by, (from) close at hand</i>, <a href="#li528">528</a>; (neon,
+MS.), <a href="#li3105">3105</a>; feorran and neán, <a href="#li840">840</a>; neán and feorran, <a href="#li1175">1175</a>, <a href="#li2318">2318</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeneát">neát</a>, st. m., <i>comrade, companion</i>: in comp. beód-,
+heor&eth;-geneát.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glniothor">nio&eth;or</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glnither">ni&eth;er</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneowol">neowol</a>, adj., <i>steep, precipitous</i>: acc. pl. neowle, <a href="#li1412">1412</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneód">neód</a>, st. f., <i>polite intercourse regulated by etiquette?,
+hall-joy?</i>: acc. sg. nióde, <a href="#li2117">2117</a>; inst. (= <i>joy</i>), <a href="#li2216">2216</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneódlathu">neód-la&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>polite invitation; wish</i>: dat. sg.
+äfter neód-la&eth;u (<i>according to his wishes</i>), <a href="#li1321">1321</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneósan">neósan, neósian</a>, w. v. w. gen., <i>to seek out, look for; to
+attack</i>: inf. neósan, <a href="#li125">125</a>, <a href="#li1787">1787</a>, <a href="#li1792">1792</a>, <a href="#li1807">1807</a>, <a href="#li2075">2075</a>; niósan, <a href="#li2389">2389</a>,
+<a href="#li2672">2672</a>; neósian, <a href="#li115">115</a>, <a href="#li1126">1126</a>; niósian, <a href="#li3046">3046</a>; pret. sg. niósade, <a href="#li2487">2487</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glneótan">neótan</a>, st. v., <i>to take, accept</i>, w. gen.; <i>to use,
+enjoy</i>: imper. sg. neót, <a href="#li1218">1218</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-neótan, w. dat., <i>to rob, deprive of</i>: inf. hine aldre
+be-neótan, <a href="#li681">681</a>; pret. sg. cyning ealdre bi-neát (<i>deprived the king
+of life</i>), <a href="#li2397">2397</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnicor">nicor</a>, st. m., <i>sea-horse, walrus, sea-monster</i> (cf. Bugge
+in Zacher's Journal, 4, 197): acc. pl. niceras, <a href="#li422">422</a>, <a href="#li575">575</a>; nicras,
+<a href="#li1428">1428</a>; gen. pl. nicera, <a href="#li846">846</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnicorhûs">nicor-hûs</a>, st. n., <i>house</i> or <i>den of sea-monsters</i>:
+gen. pl. nicor-hûsa, <a href="#li1412">1412</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnith">ni&eth;</a> st. m., <i>man, human being</i>: gen. pl. ni&eth;&eth;a, <a href="#li1006">1006</a>;
+ni&eth;a? (passage corrupt), <a href="#li2216">2216</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnither">ni&eth;er, ny&eth;er, neo&eth;or</a>, adv., <i>down, downward</i>: ni&eth;er, <a href="#li1361">1361</a>;
+nio&eth;or, <a href="#li2700">2700</a>; ny&eth;er, <a href="#li3045">3045</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnithsele">ni&eth;-sele</a>, st. m., <i>hall, room, in the deep</i> (Grein): dat.
+sg. [in] ni&eth;-sele nât-hwylcum, <a href="#li1514">1514</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnigen">nigen</a>, num., <i>nine</i>: acc. nigene, <a href="#li575">575</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glniht">niht</a>, st. f. <i>night</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li115">115</a>, <a href="#li547">547</a>. <a href="#li650">650</a>, <a href="#li1321">1321</a>, <a href="#li2117">2117</a>;
+acc. sg. niht, <a href="#li135">135</a>, <a href="#li737">737</a>, <a href="#li2939">2939</a>; gystran niht (<i>yester-night</i>),
+<a href="#li1335">1335</a>; dat. sg. on niht, <a href="#li575">575</a>, <a href="#li684">684</a>; on wanre niht, <a href="#li703">703</a>; gen. sg. nihtes
+hwîlum (<i>sometimes at night, in the hours of the night</i>), <a href="#li3045">3045</a>;
+as adv. = <i>of a night, by night</i>, G. nachts, <a href="#li422">422</a>, <a href="#li2274">2274</a>; däges and
+nihtes, <a href="#li2270">2270</a>; acc. pl. seofon niht (<i>se'nnight, seven days</i>, cf.
+Tac. Germ, 11), <a href="#li517">517</a>; dat. pl. sweartum nihtum, <a href="#li167">167</a>; deorcum nihtum,
+<a href="#li275">275</a>, <a href="#li221">221</a>; gen. pl. nihta, <a href="#li545">545</a>, <a href="#li1366">1366</a>.&mdash;Comp.: middel-, sin-niht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnihtbealu">niht-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>night-bale, destruction by night</i>:
+gen. pl. niht-bealwa, <a href="#li193">193</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnihthelm">niht-helm</a>, st. m., <i>veil</i> or <i>canopy of night</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1790">1790</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnihtlong">niht-long</a>, adj., <i>lasting through the night</i>: acc. sg. m.
+niht-longne fyrst (<i>space of a night</i>), <a href="#li528">528</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnihtweorc">niht-weorc</a>, st. n., <i>night-work, deed done at night</i>:
+instr. sg. niht-weorce, <a href="#li828">828</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glniman">niman</a>, st. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to take, hold, seize,
+undertake</i>: pret. sg. nam &thorn;â mid handa hige-&thorn;ihtigne rinc, <a href="#li747">747</a>;
+pret. pl. we . . . nióde nâman, <a href="#li2117">2117</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to take, take away,
+deprive of</i>: pres. sg. se &thorn;e hine deá&eth; nime&eth; (<i>he whom death
+carrieth off</i>), <a href="#li441">441</a>; so, <a href="#li447">447</a>; nyme&eth;, <a href="#li1847">1847</a>; nyme&eth; nýd-bâde, <a href="#li599">599</a>;
+subj. pres. gif mec hild nime, <a href="#li452">452</a>, <a href="#li1482">1482</a>; pret. sg. ind. nam on
+Ongen&thorn;ió îren-byrnan, <a href="#li2987">2987</a>; ne nom he ... mâ&eth;m-æhta mâ (<i>he took no
+more of the rich treasures</i>), <a href="#li1613">1613</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs ... seó cwên
+numen (<i>the queen carried off</i>), <a href="#li1154">1154</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-niman, <i>to deprive of</i>: pret. sg. ô&eth; &thorn;ät hine yldo benam
+mägenes wynnum (<i>till age bereft him of joy in his strength</i>),
+<a href="#li1887">1887</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-niman, <i>to carry off</i>: pres. sg. &thorn;e &thorn;â deá&eth; for-nam (<i>whom death
+carried off</i>), <a href="#li488">488</a>; so, <a href="#li557">557</a>, <a href="#li696">696</a>, <a href="#li1081">1081</a>, <a href="#li1124">1124</a>, <a href="#li1206">1206</a>, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>, etc. Also,
+dat. for acc.: pret. pl. him îrenna ecge fornâmon, <a href="#li2829">2829</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-niman: 1) <i>to take, seize</i>: pret. sg. (hine) be healse ge-nam
+(<i>clasped him around the neck, embraced him</i>), <a href="#li1873">1873</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+take, take away</i>: pret. on reste genam &thorn;ritig &thorn;egna, <a href="#li122">122</a>; heó under
+heolfre genam cû&eth;e folme, <a href="#li1303">1303</a>; segn eác genom, <a href="#li2777">2777</a>; &thorn;â mec sinca
+baldor ... ät mînum fäder genam (<i>took me at my father's hands,
+adopted me</i>), <a href="#li2430">2430</a>; pret. part. genumen, <a href="#li3167">3167</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenip">nip</a>, st. n., <i>darkness, mist, cloud</i>: acc. pl. under
+nässa genipu, <a href="#li1361">1361</a>; ofer flôda genipu, <a href="#li2809">2809</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnis">nis</a>, from ne-is (<i>is not</i>): see <a class="glentry" href="#glwesan">wesan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glniwe">niwe, niówe</a>, adj., <i>new, novel; unheard-of</i>: nom. sg. swêg
+up â-stâg niwe geneahhe (<i>a monstrous hubbub arose</i>), <a href="#li784">784</a>; beorh
+... niwe (<i>a newly-raised(?) grave-mound</i>), <a href="#li2244">2244</a>; acc. sg. niwe
+sibbe (<i>the new kinship</i>), <a href="#li950">950</a>; instr. sg. niwan stefne
+(properly, novâ voce; here = de novo, iterum, <i>again</i>), <a href="#li2595">2595</a>;
+niówan stefne (<i>again</i>), <a href="#li1790">1790</a>; gen. pl. niwra spella (<i>new
+tidings</i>), <a href="#li2899">2899</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeniwian">niwian</a>, w. v., <i>to renew</i>: pret. part. ge-niwod, <a href="#li1304">1304</a>,
+<a href="#li1323">1323</a>; geniwad, <a href="#li2288">2288</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glniwtyrwed">niw-tyrwed</a>, pret. part., <i>newly-tarred</i>: acc. sg.
+niw-tyrwedne (-tyrwydne, MS.) nacan, <a href="#li295">295</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîth">nî&eth;</a>, st. m., properly only <i>zeal, endeavor</i>; then
+<i>hostile endeavor, hostility, battle, war</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2318">2318</a>; acc. sg.
+nî&eth;, <a href="#li184">184</a>, <a href="#li276">276</a>; Wedera nî&eth; (<i>enmity against the W., the sorrows of the
+Weders</i>), <a href="#li423">423</a>; dat. sg. wi&eth; (ät) nî&eth;e, <a href="#li828">828</a>, <a href="#li2586">2586</a>; instr. nî&eth;e, <a href="#li2681">2681</a>;
+gen. pl. nî&eth;a, <a href="#li883">883</a>, <a href="#li2351">2351</a>, <a href="#li2398">2398</a>, etc.; also instr. = <i>by, in, battle</i>,
+<a href="#li846">846</a>, <a href="#li1440">1440</a>, <a href="#li1963">1963</a>, <a href="#li2171">2171</a>, <a href="#li2207">2207</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bealo-, fær-, here-, hete-, inwit-,
+searo-, wäl-nî&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthdraca">nî&eth;-draca</a>, w. m., <i>battle-dragon</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2274">2274</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthgast">nî&eth;-gast</a>, st. m., <i>hostile alien, fell demon</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;one nî&eth;-gäst (<i>the dragon</i>), <a href="#li2700">2700</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthgeweorc">nî&eth;-geweorc</a>, st. n., <i>work of enmity, deed of evil</i>: gen.
+pl. -geweorca, <a href="#li684">684</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthgrim">nî&eth;-grim</a>, adj., <i>furious in battle, savage</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li193">193</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthheard">nî&eth;-heard</a>, adj., <i>valiant in war</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2418">2418</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthhydig">nî&eth;-hydig</a>, adj., <i>eager for battle, valorous</i>: nom. pl.
+nî&eth;-hydige men, <a href="#li3167">3167</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenîthla">nî&eth;la</a>, w. m., <i>foe, persecutor, waylayer</i>: in comp.
+ferh&eth;-, feorh-genî&eth;la.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîthwundor">nî&eth;-wundor</a>, st. n., <i>hostile wonder, strange marvel of
+evil</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1366">1366</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnîpan">nîpan</a>, st. v., <i>to veil, cover over, obscure</i>; pres. part.
+nîpende niht, <a href="#li547">547</a>, <a href="#li650">650</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnolde">nolde</a>, from ne-wolde (<i>would not</i>); see <a class="glentry" href="#glwillan">willan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnorth">nor&eth;</a>, adv., <i>northward</i>, <a href="#li859">859</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnorthan">nor&eth;an</a>, adv., <i>from the north</i>, <a href="#li547">547</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnose">nose</a>, w. f., <i>projection, cliff, cape</i>: dat. sg. of hli&eth;es
+nosan, <a href="#li1893">1893</a>; ät brimes nosan, <a href="#li2804">2804</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnô">nô</a> (strengthened neg.), <i>not, not at all, by no means</i>,
+<a href="#li136">136</a>, <a href="#li244">244</a>, <a href="#li587">587</a>, <a href="#li755">755</a>, <a href="#li842">842</a>, <a href="#li969">969</a>, <a href="#li1736">1736</a>, etc.; strengthened by following
+ne, 459(?), <a href="#li1509">1509</a>; nô ... nô (<i>neither ... nor</i>), <a href="#li541">541-543</a>; so,
+nô ... ne, <a href="#li168">168</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glne">ne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnôther">nô&eth;er</a> (from nâ-hwä&eth;er), neg., <i>and not, nor</i>, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenôh">nôh</a>, adj., <i>sufficient, enough</i>: acc. sg. fæh&eth;o genôge,
+<a href="#li2490">2490</a>; acc. pl. genôge ... beágas, <a href="#li3105">3105</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnôn">nôn</a>, st. f., [Eng. <i>noon</i>], <i>ninth hour of the day, three
+o'clock in the afternoon of our reckoning</i> (the day was reckoned
+from six o'clock in the morning; cf. Bouterwek Screádunga, 24
+<i>2</i>: we hâta&eth; ænne däg fram sunnan upgange ô&eth; æfen): nom. sg.
+nôn, <a href="#li1601">1601</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnu">nu</a>, adv.: l) <i>now, at present</i>, <a href="#li251">251</a>, <a href="#li254">254</a>, <a href="#li375">375</a>, <a href="#li395">395</a>, <a href="#li424">424</a>,
+<a href="#li426">426</a>, <a href="#li489">489</a>, etc.: nu gyt (<i>up to now, hitherto</i>), <a href="#li957">957</a>; nu gen
+(<i>now still, yet</i>), <a href="#li2860">2860</a>; (<i>now yet, still</i>), <a href="#li3169">3169</a>.&mdash;2) conj.,
+<i>since, inasmuch as</i>: nu &thorn;u lungre geong ... nu se wyrm lige&eth;
+(<i>go now quickly, since the dragon lieth dead</i>), <a href="#li2746">2746</a>; so, <a href="#li2248">2248</a>;
+&thorn;ät &thorn;u me ne forwyrne ... nu ic &thorn;us feorran com (<i>that do not thou
+refuse me, since I am come so far</i>), <a href="#li430">430</a>; so, <a href="#li1476">1476</a>; nu ic on mâ&eth;ma
+hord mîne bebohte frôde feorh-lege, fremma&eth; ge nu (<i>as I now..., so
+do ye</i>), <a href="#li2800">2800</a>; so, <a href="#li3021">3021</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnymthe">nym&eth;e</a>, conj. w. subj., <i>if not, unless</i>, <a href="#li782">782</a>; nym&eth;e mec
+god scylde (<i>if God had not shielded me</i>), <a href="#li1659">1659</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnyt">nyt</a>, st. f., <i>duty, service, office, employment</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;egn nytte beheóld (<i>did his duty</i>), <a href="#li494">494</a>; so, <a href="#li3119">3119</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+sund-, sundor-nyt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnyt">nyt</a>, adj., <i>useful</i>: acc. pl. m. nytte, <a href="#li795">795</a>; comp. un-nyt.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="#glgenyttian">nyttian</a>, w. v., <i>to make use of, enjoy</i>: pret. part.
+häfde eor&eth;-scrafa ende ge-nyttod (<i>had enjoyed, made use of</i>),
+<a href="#li3047">3047</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýd">nýd</a>, st. f., <i>force, necessity, need, pain</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh
+deá&eth;es nýd, <a href="#li2455">2455</a>; instr. sg. nýde, <a href="#li1006">1006</a>. In comp. (like nýd-maga,
+consanguineus, in Æthelred's Laws, VI. 12, Schmid, p. 228; nêd-maga,
+in Cnut's Laws, I. 7, ibid., p. 258); also, <i>tie of
+blood.</i>&mdash;Comp. &thorn;reá-nýd.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgenýdan">nýdan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to force, compel</i>: pret. part. nî&eth;e
+ge-nýded (<i>forced by hostile power</i>), <a href="#li2681">2681</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to force
+upon</i>: pret. part. acc. sg. f. nýde genýdde ... gearwe stôwe
+(<i>the inevitable place prepared for each</i>, i.e. the bed of
+death), <a href="#li1006">1006</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýdbâd">nýd-bâd</a>, st. f., <i>forced pledge, pledge demanded by
+force</i>: acc. pl. nýd-bâde, <a href="#li599">599</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýdgestealla">nýd-gestealla</a>, w. m., <i>comrade in need</i> or <i>united by
+ties of blood</i>: nom. pl. nýd-gesteallan, <a href="#li883">883</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýdgripe">nýd-gripe</a>, st. m., <i>compelling grip</i>: dat. sg. in
+nýd-gripe (mid-gripe, MS.), <a href="#li977">977</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýdwracu">nýd-wracu</a>, st. f., <i>distressful persecution, great
+distress</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li193">193</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glnýhst">nýhst</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glneáh">neáh</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossO">O</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloththe">o&eth;&eth;e</a>, conj.: 1) <i>or; otherwise</i>, <a href="#li283">283</a>, <a href="#li437">437</a>, <a href="#li636">636</a>, <a href="#li638">638</a>, <a href="#li694">694</a>,
+<a href="#li1492">1492</a>, <a href="#li1765">1765</a>, etc.&mdash;2) <i>and</i>(?), <i>till</i>(?), <a href="#li650">650</a>, <a href="#li2476">2476</a>, <a href="#li3007">3007</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glof">of</a>, prep. w. dat., <i>from, off from</i>: 1) <i>from some point
+of view</i>: ge-seah of wealle (<i>from the wall</i>), <a href="#li229">229</a>; so, <a href="#li786">786</a>;
+of hefene scîne&eth; (<i>shineth from heaven</i>), <a href="#li1572">1572</a>; of hli&eth;es nosan
+gästas grêtte (<i>from the cliff's projection</i>), <a href="#li1893">1893</a>; of &thorn;am leóma
+stôd (<i>from which light streamed</i>), <a href="#li2770">2770</a>; &thorn;ær wäs mâ&eth;ma fela of
+feorwegum ... gelæded (<i>from distant lands</i>), <a href="#li37">37</a>; &thorn;â com of môre
+(<i>from the moor</i>), <a href="#li711">711</a>, <a href="#li922">922</a>.&mdash;2) <i>forth from, out of</i>:
+hwearf of earde (<i>wandered from his home, died</i>), <a href="#li56">56</a>; so, <a href="#li265">265</a>,
+<a href="#li855">855</a>, <a href="#li2472">2472</a>; &thorn;â ic of searwum com (<i>when I had escaped from the
+persecutions of the foe</i>), <a href="#li419">419</a>; &thorn;â him Hrô&eth;gâr gewât ... ût of
+healle (<i>out of the hall</i>), <a href="#li664">664</a>; so, <a href="#li2558">2558</a>, <a href="#li2516">2516</a>; <a href="#li1139">1139</a>, <a href="#li2084">2084</a>,
+<a href="#li2744">2744</a>; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of (ofer) swio&eth;ole (<i>black wood-reek
+ascended from the smoking fire</i>), <a href="#li3145">3145</a>; (icge gold) â-häfen of
+horde (<i>lifted from the hoard</i>), <a href="#li1109">1109</a>; lêt &thorn;â of breóstum ...
+word ût faran (<i>from his breast</i>), <a href="#li2551">2551</a>; dyde ... helm of hafelan
+(<i>doffed his helmet</i>), <a href="#li673">673</a>; so, <a href="#li1130">1130</a>; sealdon wîn of wunder-fatum
+(<i>presented wine from wondrous vessels</i>), <a href="#li1163">1163</a>; si&eth;&eth;an hyne
+Hæ&eth;cyn of horn-bogan ... flâne geswencte (<i>with an arrow shot from
+the horned bow</i>), <a href="#li2438">2438</a>; so, <a href="#li1434">1434</a>. Prep. postponed: &thorn;â he him of
+dyde îsern-byrnan (<i>doffed his iron corselet</i>), <a href="#li672">672</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glofer">ofer</a>, prep. w. dat. and acc., <i>over, above</i>: 1) w. dat,
+<i>over</i> (rest, locality): Wîglâf site&eth; ofer Biówulfe, <a href="#li2908">2908</a>; ofer
+ä&eth;elinge, <a href="#li1245">1245</a>; ofer eor&eth;an, <a href="#li248">248</a>, <a href="#li803">803</a>, <a href="#li2008">2008</a>; ofer wer-&thorn;eóde (<i>over
+the earth, among mankind</i>), <a href="#li900">900</a>; ofer ý&eth;um, <a href="#li1908">1908</a>; ofer hron-râde
+(<i>over the sea</i>), <a href="#li10">10</a>; so, <a href="#li304">304</a>, <a href="#li1287">1287</a>, <a href="#li1290">1290</a>, etc.; ofer ealowæge
+(<i>over the beer-cup, drinking</i>), <a href="#li481">481</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc. of motion: a)
+<i>over</i> (local): ofer ý&eth;e (<i>over the waves</i>), <a href="#li46">46</a>, <a href="#li1910">1910</a>; ofer
+swan-râde (<i>over the swan-road, the sea</i>), <a href="#li200">200</a>; ofer wægholm,
+<a href="#li217">217</a>; ofer geofenes be-gang, <a href="#li362">362</a>; so, <a href="#li239">239</a>, <a href="#li240">240</a>, <a href="#li297">297</a>, <a href="#li393">393</a>, <a href="#li464">464</a>, <a href="#li471">471</a>,
+etc.; ofer bolcan (<i>over the gangway</i>), <a href="#li231">231</a>; ofer landa fela
+(<i>over many lands</i>), <a href="#li311">311</a>; so, <a href="#li1405">1405</a>, <a href="#li1406">1406</a>; ofer heáhne hrôf
+(<i>along upon (under?) the high roof</i>), <a href="#li984">984</a>; ofer eormen-grund
+(<i>over the whole earth</i>), <a href="#li860">860</a>; ofer ealle (<i>over all, on all
+sides</i>), <a href="#li2900">2900</a>, <a href="#li650">650</a>; so, <a href="#li1718">1718</a>;&mdash;<a href="#li606">606</a>, <a href="#li900">900</a>, <a href="#li1706">1706</a>; ofer borda gebräc
+(<i>over, above, the crashing of shields</i>), <a href="#li2260">2260</a>; ofer bord-(scild)
+weall, <a href="#li2981">2981</a>, <a href="#li3119">3119</a>. Temporal: ofer &thorn;â niht (<i>through the night, by
+night</i>), <a href="#li737">737</a>. b) w. verbs of saying, speaking, <i>about, of,
+concerning</i>: he ofer benne spräc, <a href="#li2725">2725</a>. c) <i>beyond, over</i>:
+ofer mîn ge-met (<i>beyond my power</i>), <a href="#li2880">2880</a>;&mdash;hence, <i>against,
+contrary to</i>: he ofer willan gióng (<i>went against his will</i>),
+<a href="#li2410">2410</a>; ofer ealde riht (<i>against the ancient laws</i>, i.e. the ten
+commandments), <a href="#li2331">2331</a>;&mdash;also, <i>without</i>: wîg ofer wæpen (<i>war
+sans, dispensing with, weapons</i>), <a href="#li686">686</a>;&mdash;temporal = <i>after</i>:
+ofer eald-gewin (<i>after long, ancient, suffering</i>), <a href="#li1782">1782</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferhygd">ofer-hygd</a>, st. n., <i>arrogance, pride, conceit</i>: gen. pl.
+ofer-hygda, <a href="#li1741">1741</a>; ofer-hyda, <a href="#li1761">1761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glofermâthum">ofer-mâ&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>very rich treasure</i>: dat. pl.
+ofer-mâ&eth;mum, <a href="#li2994">2994</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glofermägen">ofer-mägen</a>, st. n., <i>over-might, superior numbers</i>: dat.
+sg. mid ofer-mägene, <a href="#li2918">2918</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferthearf">ofer-&thorn;earf</a>, st. f., <i>dire distress, need</i>: dat. sg. [for
+ofer] &thorn;ea[rfe], <a href="#li2227">2227</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloft">oft</a>, adv., <i>often</i>, <a href="#li4">4</a>, <a href="#li165">165</a>, <a href="#li444">444</a>, <a href="#li572">572</a>, <a href="#li858">858</a>, <a href="#li908">908</a>, <a href="#li1066">1066</a>,
+<a href="#li1239">1239</a>, etc.; oft [nô] seldan, <a href="#li2030">2030</a>; oft nalles æne, <a href="#li3020">3020</a>; so, <a href="#li1248">1248</a>,
+<a href="#li1888">1888</a>. Compar. oftor, <a href="#li1580">1580</a>. Superl. oftost, <a href="#li1664">1664</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glom">om-, on-</a>. see <a class="glentry" href="#glam">am-, an-</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glombiht">ombiht</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glambiht">ambiht</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloncer">oncer</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glancer">ancer</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glond">ond</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gland">and</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonsýn">onsýn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glansýn">ansýn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glon">on</a>, prep. w. dat. and acc., signifying primarily <i>touching on,
+contact with</i>: I. local, w. dat.: a) <i>on, upon, in at</i> (of exterior
+surface): on heáh-stede (<i>in the high place</i>), <a href="#li285">285</a>; on mînre ê&eth;el-tyrf
+(<i>in my native place</i>), <a href="#li410">410</a>; on &thorn;äm me&eth;el-stede, <a href="#li1083">1083</a>; so, <a href="#li2004">2004</a>; on
+&thorn;am holmclife, <a href="#li1422">1422</a>; so, <a href="#li1428">1428</a>; on foldan (<i>on earth</i>), <a href="#li1197">1197</a>; so, <a href="#li1533">1533</a>,
+<a href="#li2997">2997</a>; on &thorn;ære medu-bence (<i>on the mead-bench</i>), <a href="#li1053">1053</a>; beornas on
+blancum (<i>the heroes on the dapple-greys</i>), <a href="#li857">857</a>, etc.; on räste (<i>in
+bed</i>), <a href="#li1299">1299</a>; on stapole (<i>at, near, the pillar</i>), <a href="#li927">927</a>; on wealle,
+<a href="#li892">892</a>; on wage (<i>on the wall</i>), <a href="#li1663">1663</a>; on &thorn;äm wäl-stenge (<i>on the
+battle-lance</i>), <a href="#li1639">1639</a>; on eaxle (<i>on his shoulder</i>), <a href="#li817">817</a>, <a href="#li1548">1548</a>; on
+bearme, <a href="#li40">40</a>; on breóstum, <a href="#li552">552</a>; on hafelan, <a href="#li1522">1522</a>; on handa (<i>in his
+hand</i>), <a href="#li495">495</a>, <a href="#li540">540</a>; so, <a href="#li555">555</a>, <a href="#li766">766</a>; on him byrne scân (<i>on him shone the
+corselet</i>), <a href="#li405">405</a>; on ôre (<i>at the front</i>), <a href="#li1042">1042</a>; on cor&eth;re (<i>at
+the head of, among, his troop</i>), <a href="#li1154">1154</a>; scip on ancre (<i>the ship at
+anchor</i>), <a href="#li303">303</a>; &thorn;ät he on heo&eth;e ge-stôd (<i>until he stood in the
+hall</i>), <a href="#li404">404</a>; on fäder stäle (<i>in a father's place</i>), <a href="#li1480">1480</a>; on ý&eth;um
+(<i>on the waves, in the water</i>), <a href="#li210">210</a>, <a href="#li421">421</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>, <a href="#li1438">1438</a>; on holme, <a href="#li543">543</a>; on
+êg-streámum, <a href="#li577">577</a>; on segl-râde, <a href="#li1438">1438</a>, etc.; on flôde, <a href="#li1367">1367</a>. The prep.
+postponed: Freslondum on, <a href="#li2358">2358</a>.&mdash;b) <i>in, inside of</i> (of inside
+surface): secg on searwum (<i>a champion in armor</i>), <a href="#li249">249</a>; so, <a href="#li963">963</a>; on
+wîg-geatwum, <a href="#li368">368</a>; (reced) on &thorn;äm se rîca bâd (<i>in which the mighty one
+abode</i>), <a href="#li310">310</a>; on Heorote (<i>in Heorot</i>), <a href="#li475">475</a>, <a href="#li497">497</a>, <a href="#li594">594</a>, <a href="#li1303">1303</a>; on
+beór-sele, <a href="#li492">492</a>, <a href="#li1095">1095</a>; on healle, <a href="#li615">615</a>, <a href="#li643">643</a>; so, <a href="#li639">639</a>, <a href="#li1017">1017</a>, <a href="#li1026">1026</a>, etc.; on
+burgum (<i>in the cities, boroughs</i>), <a href="#li53">53</a>; on helle, <a href="#li101">101</a>; on sefan mînum
+(<i>in my mind</i>), <a href="#li473">473</a>; on môde, <a href="#li754">754</a>; so, <a href="#li755">755</a>, <a href="#li949">949</a>, <a href="#li1343">1343</a>, <a href="#li1719">1719</a>, etc.; on
+aldre (<i>in his vitals</i>), <a href="#li1435">1435</a>; on middan (in medio), <a href="#li2706">2706</a>.&mdash;c)
+<i>among, amid</i>: on searwum (<i>among the arms</i>), <a href="#li1558">1558</a>; on gemonge
+(<i>among the troop</i>), <a href="#li1644">1644</a>; on &thorn;am leód-scipe (<i>among the
+people</i>), <a href="#li2198">2198</a>; nym&eth;e lîges fä&eth;m swulge on swa&eth;ule (<i>unless the
+embracing flame should swallow it in smoke</i>), <a href="#li783">783</a>;&mdash;<i>in, with, touched
+by, possessing something</i>: &thorn;â wäs on sâlum sinces brytta (<i>then was
+the dispenser of treasure in joy</i>), <a href="#li608">608</a>; so, <a href="#li644">644</a>, <a href="#li2015">2015</a>; wäs on hreón
+môde, <a href="#li1308">1308</a>; on sweofote (<i>in sleep</i>), <a href="#li1582">1582</a>, <a href="#li2296">2296</a>; heó wäs on ôfste
+(<i>she was in haste</i>), <a href="#li1293">1293</a>; so, <a href="#li1736">1736</a>, <a href="#li1870">1870</a>; &thorn;â wäs on blôde brim
+weallende (<i>there was the flood billowing in, with, blood</i>), <a href="#li848">848</a>; (he)
+wäs on sunde (<i>was a-swimming</i>), <a href="#li1619">1619</a>; wäs tô fore-mihtig feónd on
+fê&eth;e (<i>too powerful in speed</i>), <a href="#li971">971</a>; &thorn;ær wäs swîgra secg ... on
+gylpspræce (<i>there was the champion more silent in his boasting
+speech</i>), <a href="#li982">982</a>;&mdash;<i>in; full of, representing, something</i>: on weres
+wästmum (<i>in man's form</i>), <a href="#li1353">1353</a>.&mdash;d) <i>attaching to</i>, hence
+<i>proceeding from; from something</i>: ge-hýrde on Beówulfe fäst-rædne
+ge-&thorn;ôht (<i>heard in, from, B. the fixed resolve</i>), <a href="#li610">610</a>; &thorn;ät he ne mêtte
+... on elran men mund-gripe mâran, <a href="#li753">753</a>;&mdash;hence, with verbs of taking: on
+räste genam (<i>took from his bed</i>), <a href="#li122">122</a>; so, <a href="#li748">748</a>, <a href="#li2987">2987</a>; hit ær on &thorn;e
+gôde be-geâton (<i>took it before from thee</i>), <a href="#li2249">2249</a>.&mdash;e) <i>with</i>:
+swâ hit lungre wear&eth; on hyra sinc-gifan sâre ge-endod (<i>as it, too, soon
+painfully came to an end with the dispenser of treasure</i>), <a href="#li2312">2312</a>.&mdash;f)
+<i>by</i>: mäg &thorn;onne on &thorn;äm golde ongitan Geáta dryhten (<i>the lord of the
+Geatas may perceive by the gold</i>), <a href="#li1485">1485</a>.&mdash;g)
+<i>to</i>, after weor&eth;an: &thorn;ät he on fylle wear&eth; (<i>that he came to a
+fall</i>), <a href="#li1545">1545</a>.</p>
+
+<p>With acc.: a) w. verbs of moving, doing, giving, seeing, etc., <i>up to,
+on, upon, in</i>: â-lêdon &thorn;â leófne &thorn;eóden ... on bearm scipes, <a href="#li35">35</a>; on
+stefn (on wang) stigon, <a href="#li212">212</a>, <a href="#li225">225</a>; &thorn;â him mid scoldon on flôdes æht feor
+ge-wîtan, <a href="#li42">42</a>; se &thorn;e wi&eth; Brecan wunne on sîdne sæ (<i>who strovest in a
+swimming-match with B. on the broad sea</i>), <a href="#li507">507</a>, cf. <a href="#li516">516</a>; &thorn;ät ic on holma
+ge-&thorn;ring eorlscipe efnde (<i>that I should venture on the sea to do valiant
+deeds</i>), <a href="#li2133">2133</a>; on feónda geweald sî&eth;ian, <a href="#li809">809</a>; &thorn;âra &thorn;e on swylc stara&eth;,
+<a href="#li997">997</a>; so, <a href="#li1781">1781</a>; on lufan læte&eth; hworfan (<i>lets him turn his thoughts to
+love?, to possessions?</i>), <a href="#li1729">1729</a>; him on môd bearn (<i>came into his mind,
+occurred to him</i>), <a href="#li67">67</a>; ræsde on &thorn;one rôfan (<i>rushed on the powerful
+one</i>), <a href="#li2691">2691</a>; (cwom) on wor&eth;ig (<i>came into the palace</i>), <a href="#li1973">1973</a>; so,
+<a href="#li27">27</a>, <a href="#li242">242</a>, <a href="#li253">253</a>, <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li580">580</a>, <a href="#li677">677</a>, <a href="#li726">726</a>, etc.; on weg (<i>away</i>), <a href="#li764">764</a>,
+<a href="#li845">845</a>, <a href="#li1383">1383</a>, <a href="#li1431">1431</a>, <a href="#li2097">2097</a>.&mdash;b) <i>towards, on</i>: gôde gewyrcean ... on fäder
+wine (pl.), <a href="#li21">21</a>.&mdash;c) aim or object, <i>to, for the object, for, as, in,
+on</i>: on &thorn;earfe (<i>in his need, in his strait</i>), <a href="#li1457">1457</a>; so, on hyra
+man-dryhtnes miclan &thorn;earfe, <a href="#li2850">2850</a>; wrâ&eth;um on andan (<i>as a terror to the
+foe</i>), <a href="#li709">709</a>; Hrô&eth;gâr ma&eth;elode him on andsware (<i>said to him in
+reply</i>), <a href="#li1841">1841</a>; betst beado-rinca wäs on bæl gearu (<i>on the pyre
+ready</i>), <a href="#li1110">1110</a>; wîg-heafolan bär freán on fultum (<i>for help</i>), <a href="#li2663">2663</a>;
+wear&eth; on bîd wrecen (<i>forced to wait</i>), <a href="#li2963">2963</a>.&mdash;d) ground, reason,
+<i>according to, in conformity with</i>: rodera rædend hit on ryht gescêd
+(<i>decided it in accordance with right</i>), <a href="#li1556">1556</a>; ne me swôr fela â&eth;a on
+unriht (<i>swore no oaths unjustly, falsely</i>), <a href="#li2740">2740</a>; on spêd
+(<i>skilfully</i>), <a href="#li874">874</a>; nallas on gylp sele&eth; fätte beágas (<i>giveth no
+gold-wrought rings as he promised</i>), <a href="#li1750">1750</a>; on sînne selfes dôm
+(<i>boastingly, at his own will</i>), <a href="#li2148">2148</a>; him eal worold wende&eth; on willan
+(<i>according to his will</i>), <a href="#li1740">1740</a>.&mdash;e) w. verbs of buying, <i>for, in
+exchange for</i>: me ic on mâ&eth;ma hord mîne be-bohte frôde feorh-lege
+(<i>for the hoard of jewels</i>), <a href="#li2800">2800</a>.&mdash;f) <i>of, as to</i>: ic on
+Higelâce wât, Geáta dryhten (<i>I know with respect to, as to, of, H.</i>),
+<a href="#li1831">1831</a>; so, <a href="#li2651">2651</a>; &thorn;ät heó on ænigne eorl ge-lýfde fyrena frôfre (<i>that she
+should rely on any earl for help out of trouble</i>), <a href="#li628">628</a>; &thorn;â hie
+ge-trûwedon on twâ healfa (<i>on both sides, mutually</i>), <a href="#li1096">1096</a>; so, <a href="#li2064">2064</a>;
+&thorn;ät &thorn;u him ondrædan ne &thorn;earft ... on &thorn;â healfe (<i>from, on this side</i>),
+<a href="#li1676">1676</a>.&mdash;g) after superlatives or virtual superlatives =
+<i>among</i>: näs ... sinc-mâ&eth;&eth;um sêlra (= &thorn;ät wäs sinc-mâ&eth;ma sêlest)
+on sweordes hâd (<i>there was no better jewel in sword's shape</i>,
+i.e. among all swords there was none better), <a href="#li2194">2194</a>; se wäs Hrô&eth;gâre
+häle&eth;a leófost on ge-sî&eth;es hâd (<i>dearest of men as, in the character
+of, follower</i>, etc.), <a href="#li1298">1298</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. Of time: a) w. dat., <i>in, inside of, during, at</i>: on fyrste
+(<i>in time, within the time appointed</i>), <a href="#li76">76</a>; on uhtan (<i>at
+dawn</i>), <a href="#li126">126</a>; on mergenne (<i>at morn, on the morrow</i>), <a href="#li565">565</a>,
+<a href="#li2940">2940</a>; on niht, <a href="#li575">575</a>; on wanre niht, <a href="#li703">703</a>; on tyn dagum, <a href="#li3161">3161</a>; so, <a href="#li197">197</a>,
+<a href="#li719">719</a>, <a href="#li791">791</a>, <a href="#li1063">1063</a>, etc.; on geogo&eth;e (<i>in youth</i>), <a href="#li409">409</a>, <a href="#li466">466</a>; on
+geogo&eth;-feore, <a href="#li537">537</a>; so, <a href="#li1844">1844</a>; on orlege (<i>in, during, battle</i>),
+<a href="#li1327">1327</a>; hû lomp eów on lâde (<i>on the way</i>), <a href="#li1988">1988</a>; on gange (<i>in
+going, en route</i>), <a href="#li1885">1885</a>; on sweofote (<i>in sleep</i>), <a href="#li1582">1582</a>.&mdash;b)
+w. acc., <i>towards, about</i>: on undern-mæl (<i>in the morning,
+about midday</i>), <a href="#li1429">1429</a>; on morgen-tîd, <a href="#li484">484</a>, <a href="#li518">518</a>; on morgen, <a href="#li838">838</a>; on
+ende-stäf (<i>toward the end, at last</i>), <a href="#li1754">1754</a>; oftor micle &thorn;onne on
+ænne sî&eth; (<i>far oftener than once</i>), <a href="#li1580">1580</a>.</p>
+
+<p>III. With particles: him on efn (<i>beside, alongside of, him</i>),
+<a href="#li2904">2904</a>; on innan (<i>inside, within</i>), <a href="#li71">71</a>, <a href="#li1741">1741</a>, <a href="#li1969">1969</a>, <a href="#li2453">2453</a>, <a href="#li2716">2716</a>;
+&thorn;ær on innan (<i>in there</i>), <a href="#li2090">2090</a>, <a href="#li2215">2215</a>, <a href="#li2245">2245</a>. With the relative &thorn;e
+often separated from its case: &thorn;e ic her on starie (<i>that I here
+look on, at</i>), <a href="#li2797">2797</a>; &thorn;e ge &thorn;ær on standa&eth; (<i>that ye there stand
+in</i>), <a href="#li2867">2867</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloncýth">on-cý&eth;</a> (cf. Dietrich in Haupt's Zeits. XI., 412), st. f.,
+<i>pain, suffering</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1421">1421</a>; acc. sg. or pl. on-cý&eth;&eth;e, <a href="#li831">831</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glondrysne">on-drysne</a>, adj., <i>frightful, terrible</i>: acc. sg. firen
+on-drysne, <a href="#li1933">1933</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonettan">onettan</a> (for <b>anettan</b>, from root an-, Goth. inf. anan,
+<i>to breathe, pant</i>), w. v., <i>to hasten</i>: pret. pl. onetton,
+<a href="#li306">306</a>, <a href="#li1804">1804</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonlîcnes">on-lîcnes</a>, st. f., <i>likeness, form, figure</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1352">1352</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonmêdla">on-mêdla</a>, w. m., <i>pride, arrogance</i>: dat. sg. for
+on-mêdlan, <a href="#li2927">2927</a>. Cf. Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 218 seqq.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonsæge">on-sæge</a>, adj., <i>tending to fall, fatal</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;â wäs
+Hondsció (dat.) hild on-sæge, <a href="#li2077">2077</a>; Hæ&eth;cynne wear&eth; ... gû&eth; on-sæge,
+<a href="#li2484">2484</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonweald">on-weald</a>, st. m., <i>power, authority</i>: acc. sg. (him) bega
+ge-hwä&eth;res ... onweald ge-teáh (<i>gave him power over, possession of,
+both</i>), <a href="#li1044">1044</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glopen">open</a>, adj., <i>open</i>: acc. sg. hord-wynne fond ... opene
+standan, <a href="#li2272">2272</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glopenian">openian</a>, w. v., <i>to open</i>, w. acc.: inf. openian, <a href="#li3057">3057</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorc">orc</a> (O.S. orc, Goth. aúrkei-s), st. m., <i>crock, vessel, can
+</i>: nom. pl. orcas, <a href="#li3048">3048</a>; acc. pl. orcas, <a href="#li2761">2761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorcnê">orcnê</a>, st. m., <i>sea-monster</i>: nom. pl. orcnêas, <a href="#li112">112</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glord">ord</a>, st. n. <i>point</i>: nom. sg. ô&eth; &thorn;ät wordes ord
+breóst-hord &thorn;urh-bräc (<i>till the word-point broke through his
+breast-hoard, came to utterance</i>), <a href="#li2792">2792</a>; acc. sg. ord
+(<i>sword-point</i>), <a href="#li1550">1550</a>; dat. instr. orde (id.), <a href="#li556">556</a>; on orde
+(<i>at the head of, in front</i> [of a troop]), <a href="#li2499">2499</a>, <a href="#li3126">3126</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glordfruma">ord-fruma</a>, w. m., <i>head lord, high prince</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li263">263</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloretmecg">oret-mecg</a>, st. m., <i>champion, warrior, military retainer</i>:
+nom. pl. oret-mecgas, <a href="#li363">363</a>, <a href="#li481">481</a>; acc. pl. oret-mecgas, <a href="#li332">332</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloretta">oretta</a>, w. m., <i>champion, fighter, hero</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1533">1533</a>,
+<a href="#li2539">2539</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorleg">or-leg</a>, st. n., <i>war, battle</i>: dat. sg. on orlege, <a href="#li1327">1327</a>;
+gen. sg. or-leges, <a href="#li2408">2408</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorleghwîl">or-leg-hwîl</a>, st. f., <i>time of battle, war-time</i>: nom. sg.
+[or-leg]-hwîl, <a href="#li2003">2003</a>; gen. sg. orleg-hwîle, <a href="#li2912">2912</a>; gen. pl orleg-hwîla,
+<a href="#li2428">2428</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorleahtre">or-leahtre</a>, adj., <i>blameless</i>: nom. sg <a href="#li1887">1887</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorthanc">or-&thorn;anc</a> (cf. Gloss. Aldhelm. mid or-&thorn;ance = argumento in Haupt
+XI., 436; or&thorn;ancum = machinamentis, <i>ibid.</i> <a href="#li477">477</a>; or-&thorn;anc-scipe =
+mechanica, <a href="#li479">479</a>, st. m., <i>mechanical art, skill</i>: instr. pl.
+or-&thorn;oncum, <a href="#li2088">2088</a>; smi&eth;es or-&thorn;ancum, <a href="#li406">406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorwêna">or-wêna</a>, adj. (weak form), <i>hopeless, despairing</i>, w.
+gen.: aldres or-wêna (<i>hopeless of life</i>), <a href="#li1003">1003</a>, <a href="#li1566">1566</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glorwearde">or-wearde</a>, adj., <i>unguarded, without watch</i> or
+<i>guard</i>: adv., <a href="#li3128">3128</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloruth">oru&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>breath, snorting</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2558">2558</a>; dat.
+ore&eth;e, <a href="#li2840">2840</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossOl">Ô</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôth">ô&eth;</a> (Goth. und, O.H.G. unt, unz): 1) prep. w. acc., <i>to, till,
+up to</i>, only temporal: ô&eth; &thorn;one ânne däg, <a href="#li2400">2400</a>; ô&eth; dômes däg, <a href="#li3070">3070</a>;
+ô woruld-ende, <a href="#li3084">3084</a>.&mdash;2) ô&eth; &thorn;ät, conj. w. depend, indicative clause,
+<i>till, until</i>, <a href="#li9">9</a>, <a href="#li56">56</a>, <a href="#li66">66</a>, <a href="#li100">100</a>, <a href="#li145">145</a>. <a href="#li219">219</a>, <a href="#li296">296</a>, <a href="#li307">307</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôther">ô&eth;er</a> (Goth. an&thorn;ar), num.: 1) <i>one or other of two, a
+second</i>, = alter: nom. sg. subs.: se ô&eth;er, <a href="#li2062">2062</a>; ô&eth;er(<i>one</i>
+i.e. of my blood-relations, Hæ&eth;cyn and Hygelâc), <a href="#li2482">2482</a>; ô&eth;er ... ô&eth;er
+(<i>the one ... the other</i>), <a href="#li1350">1350-1352</a>. Adj.: ô&eth;er ... mihtig
+mân-scea&eth;a (<i>the second mighty, fell foe</i>, referring to <a href="#li1350">1350</a>,
+<a href="#li1339">1339</a>; se ô&eth;er ... häle, <a href="#li1816">1816</a>; fem. niht ô&eth;er, <a href="#li2118">2118</a>; neut. ô&eth;er geâr
+(<i>the next, second, year</i>), <a href="#li1134">1134</a>; acc. sg. m. ô&eth;erne, <a href="#li653">653</a>, <a href="#li1861">1861</a>,
+<a href="#li2441">2441</a>, <a href="#li2485">2485</a>; &thorn;enden reáfode rinc ô&eth;erne(<i>whilst one warrior robbed
+the other</i>, i.e. Eofor robbed Ongen&thorn;eów), <a href="#li2986">2986</a>; neut. ô&eth;er
+swylc(<i>another such, an equal number</i>), <a href="#li1584">1584</a>; instr. sg.
+ô&eth;re sî&eth;e (<i>for the second time, again</i>), <a href="#li2671">2671</a>, <a href="#li3102">3102</a>; dat. sg.
+ô&eth;rum, <a href="#li815">815</a>, <a href="#li1030">1030</a>, <a href="#li1166">1166</a>, <a href="#li1229">1229</a>, <a href="#li1472">1472</a>, <a href="#li2168">2168</a>, <a href="#li2172">2172</a>, etc.; gen. sg. m.
+ô&eth;res dôgores, <a href="#li219">219</a>, <a href="#li606">606</a>; neut. ô&eth;res, <a href="#li1875">1875</a>.&mdash;2) <i>another, a
+different one</i>, = alius: nom. sg., subs. ô&eth;er, <a href="#li1756">1756</a>; ô&eth;er nænig
+(<i>no other</i>), <a href="#li860">860</a>. Adj.: ænig ô&eth;er man, <a href="#li503">503</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>; so, <a href="#li1561">1561</a>; ô&eth;er
+in (<i>a different house</i> or <i>room</i>), <a href="#li1301">1301</a>; acc. sg. ô&eth;er
+flet, <a href="#li1087">1087</a>; gen. sg. ô&eth;res ... yrfe-weardes, <a href="#li2452">2452</a>; acc. pl. ealo
+drincende ô&eth;er sædan (<i>ale drinkers said other things</i>), <a href="#li1946">1946</a>;
+acc. pl. neut. word ô&eth;er, <a href="#li871">871</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôfer">ôfer</a>, st. m., <i>shore</i>: dat. sg. on ôfre, <a href="#li1372">1372</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôfost">ôfost</a>, st. f., <i>haste</i>: nom. sg. ôfost is sêlest tô
+gecý&eth;anne (<i>haste is best to make known, best to say at once</i>),
+<a href="#li256">256</a>; so, <a href="#li3008">3008</a>; dat. sg. beó &thorn;u on ôfeste (ôfoste) (<i>be in haste,
+hasten</i>), <a href="#li386">386</a>, <a href="#li2748">2748</a>; on ôfste, <a href="#li1293">1293</a>; on ôfoste, <a href="#li2784">2784</a>, <a href="#li3091">3091</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôfostlîce">ôfost-lîce</a>, adv., <i>in haste, speedily</i>, <a href="#li3131">3131</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôhwær">ô-hwær</a>, adv., <i>anywhere</i>, <a href="#li1738">1738</a>, <a href="#li2871">2871</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glômig">ômig</a>, adj., <i>rusty</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2764">2764</a>; nom. pl. ômige, <a href="#li3050">3050</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôr">ôr</a>, st. n., <i>beginning, origin; front</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1689">1689</a>;
+acc. sg., <a href="#li2408">2408</a>; dat. sg. on ôre, <a href="#li1042">1042</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glôwiht">ô-wiht</a>, <i>anything, aught</i>: instr. sg. ô-wihte (<i>in any
+way</i>), <a href="#li1823">1823</a>, <a href="#li2433">2433</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossP">P</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glpâd">pâd</a>, st. f., <i>dress</i>; in comp. here-pâd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glpäth">pä&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>path, road, way</i>; in comp. ân-pä&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glplega">plega</a>, w. m., <i>play, emulous contest</i>; lind-plega, <a href="#li1074">1074</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossR">R</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrathe">ra&eth;e</a>, adv., <i>quickly, immediately</i>, <a href="#li725">725</a>, Cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glhrâthe">hrâ&eth;e</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrand">rand, rond</a>, st. m., <i>shield</i>: acc. sg, rand, <a href="#li683">683</a>; rond,
+<a href="#li657">657</a>, <a href="#li2567">2567</a>, <a href="#li2610">2610</a>; dat. ronde (rond, MS.), <a href="#li2674">2674</a>; under rande, <a href="#li1210">1210</a>; bî
+ronde, <a href="#li2539">2539</a>; acc. pl. randas, <a href="#li231">231</a>; rondas, <a href="#li326">326</a>, <a href="#li2654">2654</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bord-,
+hilde-, sîd-rand.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrandhäbbend">rand-häbbend</a>, pres. part., <i>shield-bearer</i>, i.e. <i>man at
+arms, warrior</i>: gen. pl. rond-häbbendra, <a href="#li862">862</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrandwîga">rand-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>shield-warrior, shield-bearing
+warrior</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1299">1299</a>; acc. sg. rand-wîgan, <a href="#li1794">1794</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrâd">râd</a>, st. f., <i>road, street</i>; in comp. hran-, segl-,
+swan-râd.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerâd">râd</a>, adj., <i>clever, skilful, ready</i>: acc. pl. neut.
+ge-râde, <a href="#li874">874</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrâp">râp</a>, st. m., <i>rope, bond, fetter</i>: in comp. wäl-râp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrâsian">râsian</a>, w. v., <i>to find, discover</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â wäs
+hord râsod, <a href="#li2284">2284</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glräst">räst</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glrest">rest</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glræcan">ræcan</a>, w. v., <i>to reach, reach after</i>: pret. sg. ræhte
+ongeán feónd mid folme (<i>reached out his hand toward the foe</i>),
+<a href="#li748">748</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-ræcan, <i>to attain, strike, attack</i>: pret. sg. hyne ... wæpne
+ge-ræhte (<i>struck him with his sword</i>), <a href="#li2966">2966</a>; so, <a href="#li556">556</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glræd">ræd</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>advice, counsel, resolution; good counsel,
+help</i>: nom. sg. nu is ræd gelong eft ät &thorn;e ânum (<i>now is help to
+be found with thee alone</i>), <a href="#li1377">1377</a>; acc. sg. ræd, <a href="#li172">172</a>, <a href="#li278">278</a>, <a href="#li3081">3081</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>advantage, gain, use</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;ät ræd tala&eth; (<i>counts that a
+gain</i>), <a href="#li2028">2028</a>; êcne ræd (<i>the eternal gain, everlasting life</i>),
+<a href="#li1202">1202</a>; acc. pl. êce rædas, <a href="#li1761">1761</a>.&mdash;Comp.: folc-ræd, and adj., ân-,
+fäst-ræd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrædan">rædan</a>, st. v., <i>to rule; reign; to possess</i>: pres. part.
+rodera rædend (<i>the ruler of the heavens</i>), <a href="#li1556">1556</a>; inf. &thorn;one &thorn;e &thorn;u
+mid rihte rædan sceoldest (<i>that thou shouldst possess by
+rights</i>), <a href="#li2057">2057</a>; wolde dôm godes dædum rædan gumena gehwylcum
+(<i>God's doom would rule over, dispose of, every man in deeds</i>),
+<a href="#li2859">2859</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glselerædend">sele-rædend</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrædbora">ræd-bora</a>, w. m. <i>counsellor, adviser</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1326">1326</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glræden">ræden</a>, st. f., <i>order, arrangement, law</i>: see
+<a href="#note1143">Note on 1143</a>; comp. worold-ræden(?).</p>
+
+<p>â-<a class="glentry" name="glâræran">ræran</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to raise, lift up</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;â wæron
+monige &thorn;e his mæg ... ricone â-rærdon (<i>there were many that lifted
+up his brother quickly</i>), <a href="#li2984">2984</a>.&mdash;2) figuratively, <i>to spread,
+disseminate</i>: pret. part. blæd is â-ræred (<i>thy renown is
+far-spread</i>), <a href="#li1704">1704</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glræs">ræs</a>, st. m., <i>on-rush, attack, storm</i>: acc. sg. gû&eth;e ræs
+(<i>the storm of battle, attack</i>), <a href="#li2627">2627</a>; instr. pl. gû&eth;e ræsum,
+<a href="#li2357">2357</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gû&eth;-, hand-, hea&eth;o-, mägen-, wäl-ræs.</p>
+
+<p>(ge-)<a class="glentry" name="#glræsan">ræsan</a>, w. v., <i>to rush (upon)</i>: pret. sg. ræsde on
+&thorn;one rôfan, <a href="#li2691">2691</a>, <a href="#li2840">2840</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glræswa">ræswa</a>, w. m., <i>prince, ruler</i>: dat. sg. weoroda ræswan,
+<a href="#li60">60</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreccan">reccan</a>, w. v., <i>to explicate, recount, narrate</i>: inf.
+frum-sceaft fira feorran reccan (<i>recount the origin of man from
+ancient times</i>), <a href="#li91">91</a>; gerund, tô lang is tô reccenne, hû ic ...
+(<i>too long to tell how I</i>...), <a href="#li2094">2094</a>; pret. sg. syllîc spell rehte
+(<i>told a wondrous tale</i>), <a href="#li2111">2111</a>; so intrans. feorran rehte
+(<i>told of olden times</i>), <a href="#li2107">2107</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreced">reced</a>, st. n., <i>building, house; hall</i> (complete in
+itself): nom. sg., <a href="#li412">412</a>, <a href="#li771">771</a>, <a href="#li1800">1800</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li1238">1238</a>; dat. sg. recede,
+<a href="#li721">721</a>, <a href="#li729">729</a>, <a href="#li1573">1573</a>; gen. sg. recedes, <a href="#li326">326</a>, <a href="#li725">725</a>, <a href="#li3089">3089</a>; gen. pl. receda,
+<a href="#li310">310</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eor&eth;-, heal-, horn-, win-reced.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glregnheard">regn-heard</a>, adj., <i>immensely strong, firm</i>: acc. pl.
+rondas regn-hearde, <a href="#li326">326</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glregnian">regnian, rênian</a>, w. v., <i>to prepare, bring on</i> or
+<i>about</i>: inf. deá&eth; rên[ian] hond-gesteallan (<i>prepare death for
+his comrade</i>), <a href="#li2169">2169</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-regnian, <i>to prepare, deck out, adorn</i>: pret. part. medu-benc
+monig ... golde ge-regnad, <a href="#li778">778</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glregn">regn-, rên-weard</a>, st. m., <i>mighty guardian</i>: nom. pl.
+rên-weardas (of Beówulf and Grendel contending for the possession of
+the hall), <a href="#li771">771</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrest">rest, räst</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>bed, resting-place</i>: acc. sg.
+räste, <a href="#li139">139</a>; dat. sg. on räste (genam) (<i>from his resting-place</i>),
+<a href="#li1299">1299</a>, <a href="#li1586">1586</a>; tô räste (<i>to bed</i>), <a href="#li1238">1238</a>. Comp.: flet-räst,
+sele-rest, wäl-rest.&mdash;2) <i>repose, rest</i>; in comp. æfen-räst.</p>
+
+<p>ge-reste (M.H.G. reste), f., <i>resting-place</i>: in comp.
+wind-gereste.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrestan">restan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to rest</i>: inf. restan, <a href="#li1794">1794</a>; pret. sg.
+reflex. reste hine &thorn;â rûm-heort, <a href="#li1800">1800</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to rest, cease</i>:
+inf., <a href="#li1858">1858</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrêc">rêc</a> (O.H.G. rouh), st. m., <i>reek, smoke</i>: instr. sg. rêce,
+<a href="#li3157">3157</a>.&mdash;Comp.: wäl-, wudu-rêc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrêcan">rêcan</a> (O.H.G. ruohjan), w. v. w. gen., <i>to reck, care about
+something, be anxious</i>: pres. sg. III. wæpna ne rêce&eth; (<i>recketh
+not for weapons, weapons cannot hurt him</i>), <a href="#li434">434</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrêthe">rê&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>wroth, furious</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li122">122</a>, <a href="#li1586">1586</a>; nom.
+pl. rê&eth;e, <a href="#li771">771</a>. Also, of things, <i>wild, rough, fierce</i>: gen. sg.
+rê&eth;es and-hâttres (<i>fierce, penetrating heat</i>), <a href="#li2524">2524</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreáf">reáf</a>, st. n., <i>booty, plunder in war; clothing, garments</i>
+(as taken by the victor from the vanquished): in comp. hea&eth;o-,
+wäl-reáf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreáfian">reáfian</a>, w. v., <i>to plunder, rob</i>, w. acc.: inf. hord
+reáfian, <a href="#li2774">2774</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;enden reáfode rinc ô&eth;erne, <a href="#li2986">2986</a>; wäl
+reáfode, <a href="#li3028">3028</a>; pret. pl. wäl reáfedon, <a href="#li1213">1213</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-reáfian, w. instr., <i>to bereave, rob of</i>: pret. part. since
+be-reáfod, <a href="#li2747">2747</a>; golde be-reáfod, <a href="#li3019">3019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreord">reord</a>, st. f., <i>speech, language; tone of voice</i>: acc. sg.
+on-cniów mannes reorde (<i>knew, heard, a human voice</i>), <a href="#li2556">2556</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreordian">reordian</a>, w. v., <i>to speak, talk</i>: inf. fela reordian
+<i>(speak much</i>), <a href="#li3026">3026</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-reordian, <i>to entertain, to prepare for</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â wäs
+eft swâ ær ... flet-sittendum fägere ge-reorded (<i>again, as before,
+the guests were hospitably entertained</i>), 1789</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreót">reót</a>, st. m.?, f.?, <i>noise, tumult</i>? (<i>grave</i>?): instr. sg.
+reóte, <a href="#li2458">2458</a>. Bugge, in Zachers Zeits. <a href="#li4">4</a>, <a href="#li215">215</a>, takes reóte as dat. from
+reót (<i>rest, repose</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreóc">reóc</a>, adj., <i>savage, furious</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li122">122</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbereófan">reófan</a>, st. v., <i>to rob of, bereave</i>: pret. part. w.
+instr. acc. sg. fem. golde berofene, <a href="#li2932">2932</a>; instr. sg. reóte berofene,
+<a href="#li2458">2458</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreón">reón</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glrôwan">rôwan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreótan">reótan</a>, st. v., <i>to weep</i>: pres. pl. ô&eth; &thorn;ät ... roderas
+reóta&eth;, <a href="#li1377">1377</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glreów">reów</a>, adj., <i>excited, fierce, wild</i>: in comp. blôd-, gû&eth;-,
+wäl-reów. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhreów">hreów</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glricone">ricone</a>, <i>hastily, quickly, immediately</i>, <a href="#li2984">2984</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glriht">riht</a>, st. n., <i>right</i> or <i>privilege; the</i> (abstract)
+<i>right</i>: acc. sg. on ryht (<i>according to right</i>), <a href="#li1556">1556</a>; sô&eth;
+and riht (<i>truth and right</i>), <a href="#li1701">1701</a>; dat. sg. wi&eth; rihte, <a href="#li144">144</a>;
+äfter rihte (<i>in accordance with right</i>), <a href="#li1050">1050</a>; syllîc spell
+rehte äfter rihte <i>(told a wondrous tale truthfully</i>), <a href="#li2111">2111</a>; mid
+rihte, <a href="#li2057">2057</a>; acc. pl. ealde riht (<i>the ten commandments</i>), <a href="#li2331">2331</a>;
+&mdash;Comp. in ê&eth;el-, folc-, land-, un-, word-riht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glriht">riht</a>, adj., <i>straight, right</i>: in comp. up-riht.</p>
+
+<p>rihte, adv., <i>rightly, correctly</i>, <a href="#li1696">1696</a>. See ät-<a class="glentry" href="#glätrihte">rihte</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrinc">rinc</a>, st. m., <i>man, warrior, hero</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li399">399</a>, <a href="#li2986">2986</a>;
+also of Grendel, <a href="#li721">721</a>; acc. sg. rinc, <a href="#li742">742</a>, <a href="#li748">748</a>; dat. sg. rince, <a href="#li953">953</a>; of
+Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li1678">1678</a>; gen. pl. rinca, <a href="#li412">412</a>, <a href="#li729">729</a>.&mdash;Comp. in beado-, gû&eth;-, here-,
+hea&eth;o-, hilde-, mago-, sæ-rinc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerisne">risne</a>, ge-<b>rysne</b>, adj., <i>appropriate, proper</i>:
+nom. sg. n. ge-rysne, <a href="#li2654">2654</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrîce">rîce</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>realm, land ruled over</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2200">2200</a>,
+<a href="#li2208">2208</a>; acc. sg. rîce, <a href="#li913">913</a>, <a href="#li1734">1734</a>, <a href="#li1854">1854</a>, <a href="#li3005">3005</a>; gen. sg. rîces, <a href="#li862">862</a>, <a href="#li1391">1391</a>,
+<a href="#li1860">1860</a>, <a href="#li2028">2028</a>, <a href="#li3081">3081</a>. Comp. Swió-rîce.&mdash;2) <i>council of chiefs, the king
+with his chosen advisers</i>(?): nom. sg. oft gesät rîce tô rûne, <a href="#li172">172</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrîce">rîce</a>, adj., <i>mighty, powerful</i>: nom. sg. (of Hrô&eth;gâr),
+<a href="#li1238">1238</a>; (of Hygelâc), <a href="#li1210">1210</a>; (of Äsc-here), <a href="#li1299">1299</a>; weak form, se rîca
+(Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li310">310</a>; (Beówulf), <a href="#li399">399</a>; (Hygelâc), <a href="#li1976">1976</a>.&mdash;Comp. gimme-rîce.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrîcsian">rîcsian</a>, <b>rîxian</b>, w. v. intrans., <i>to rule, reign</i>:
+inf. rîcsian, <a href="#li2212">2212</a>; pret. sg. rîxode, <a href="#li144">144</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrîdan">rîdan</a>, st. v., <i>to ride</i>: subj. pres. &thorn;ät his byre rîde giong
+on galgan, <a href="#li2446">2446</a>; pres. part. nom. pl. rîdend, <a href="#li2458">2458</a>; inf. wicge rîdan, <a href="#li234">234</a>;
+mearum rîdan, <a href="#li856">856</a>; pret. sg. sæ-genga ... se &thorn;e on ancre râd, <a href="#li1884">1884</a>; him
+tô-geánes râd (<i>rode to meet them</i>), <a href="#li1894">1894</a>; pret. pl. ymbe hlæw riodan
+(<i>rode round the grave-mound</i>), <a href="#li3171">3171</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-rîdan, w. acc., <i>to ride over</i>: pret. sg. se &thorn;e näs ge-râd
+(<i>who rode over the promontory</i>), <a href="#li2899">2899</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrîm">rîm</a>, st. n., <i>series, number</i>: in comp. däg-, un-rîm.</p>
+
+<p>ge-rîm, st. n., <i>series, number</i>: in comp. dôgor-ge-rim.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerîman">rîman</a>, w. v., <i>to count together, enumerate in all</i>:
+pret. part. in comp. for&eth;-gerîmed.</p>
+
+<p>â-rîsan, st. v., <i>to arise, rise</i>: imper. sg. â-rîs, <a href="#li1391">1391</a>; pret.
+sg. â-râs &thorn;â se rîca, <a href="#li399">399</a>; so, <a href="#li652">652</a>, <a href="#li1791">1791</a>, <a href="#li3031">3031</a>; â-râs &thorn;â bî ronde
+(<i>arose by his shield</i>), <a href="#li2539">2539</a>; hwanan sió fæh&eth; â-râs (<i>whence
+the feud arose</i>), <a href="#li2404">2404</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrodor">rodor</a>, st. m., <i>ether, firmament, sky</i> (from
+<i>radius</i>?, Bugge): gen. sg. rodores candel, <a href="#li1573">1573</a>; nom. pl.
+roderas, <a href="#li1377">1377</a>; dat. pl. under roderum, <a href="#li310">310</a>; gen. pl. rodera, <a href="#li1556">1556</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrôf">rôf</a>, adj., <i>fierce, of fierce, heroic, strength, strong</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li2539">2539</a>; also with gen. mägenes rôf (<i>strong in might</i>),
+<a href="#li2085">2085</a>; so, &thorn;eáh &thorn;e he rôf sîe nî&eth;-geweorca, <a href="#li683">683</a>; acc. sg. rôfne, <a href="#li1794">1794</a>;
+on &thorn;one rôfan, <a href="#li2691">2691</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beadu-, brego-, ellen-, hea&eth;o-, hyge-,
+sige-rôf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrôt">rôt</a>, adj., <i>glad, joyous</i>: in comp. un-rôt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrôwan">rôwan</a>, st. v., <i>to row</i> (with the arms), <i>swim</i>:
+pret. pl. reón (for reówon), <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li539">539</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûm">rûm</a>, st. m., <i>space, room</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2691">2691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûm">rûm</a>, adj.: 1) <i>roomy, spacious</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;ûhte him eall tô
+rûm, wongas and wîc-stede (<i>fields and dwelling seemed to him all
+too broad</i>, i.e. could not hide his shame at the unavenged death of
+his murdered son), <a href="#li2462">2462</a>.&mdash;2) in moral sense, <i>great, magnanimous,
+noble-hearted</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh rûmne sefan, <a href="#li278">278</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûmheort">rûm-heort</a>, adj., <i>big-hearted, noble-spirited</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1800">1800</a>, <a href="#li2111">2111</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerûmlîc">rûm-lîc</a>, adj., <i>commodious, comfortable</i>: compar.
+ge-rûm-lîcor, <a href="#li139">139</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûn">rûn</a>, st. f., <i>secrecy, secret discussion, deliberation</i> or
+<i>council</i>: dat. sg. ge-sät rîce tô rûne, <a href="#li172">172</a>.&mdash;Comp. beado-rûn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûnstäf">rûn-stäf</a>, st. m., <i>rune-stave, runic letter</i>: acc. pl.
+&thorn;urh rûn-stafas, <a href="#li1696">1696</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glrûnwita">rûn-wita</a>, w. m., <i>rune-wit, privy councillor, trusted
+adviser</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1326">1326</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerysne">rysne</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgerisne">risne</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgerýman">rýman</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to make room for, prepare, provide
+room</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;ät hie him ô&eth;er flet eal ge-rýmdon, <a href="#li1087">1087</a>; pret.
+part. &thorn;â wäs Geát-mäcgum ... benc gerýmed, <a href="#li492">492</a>; so, <a href="#li1976">1976</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+allow, grant, admit</i>: pret. part. &thorn;â me ge-rýmed wäs (sî&eth;) (<i>as
+access was permitted me</i>), <a href="#li3089">3089</a>; &thorn;â him gerýmed wear&eth;, &thorn;ät hie
+wäl-stôwe wealdan môston, <a href="#li2984">2984</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossS">S</a></b></p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesaca">saca</a>, w. m., <i>opponent, antagonist, foe</i>: acc. sg.
+ge-sacan, <a href="#li1774">1774</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsacan">sacan</a>, st. v., <i>to strive, contend</i>: inf. ymb feorh sacan,
+<a href="#li439">439</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sacan, <i>to attain, gain by contending</i> (Grein): inf. gesacan
+sceal sâwl-berendra ... gearwe stôwe <i>(gain the place prepared</i>,
+i.e. the death-bed), <a href="#li1005">1005</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonsacan">on-sacan</a>: 1) (originally in a lawsuit), <i>to withdraw, take
+away, deprive of</i>: pres. subj. &thorn;ätte freo&eth;uwebbe feores
+on-säce ... leófne mannan, <a href="#li1943">1943</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to contest, dispute,
+withstand</i>: inf. &thorn;ät he sæmannum on-sacan mihte (i.e. hord, bearn,
+and brýde), <a href="#li2955">2955</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsacu">sacu</a>, st. f., <i>strife, hostility, feud</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1858">1858</a>,
+<a href="#li2473">2473</a>; acc. sg. säce, <a href="#li154">154</a>; säcce, <a href="#li1978">1978</a>, <a href="#li1990">1990</a>, <a href="#li2348">2348</a>, <a href="#li2500">2500</a>, <a href="#li2563">2563</a>; dat.
+sg. ät (tô) säcce, <a href="#li954">954</a>, <a href="#li1619">1619</a>, <a href="#li1666">1666</a>, <a href="#li2613">2613</a>, <a href="#li2660">2660</a>, <a href="#li2682">2682</a>, <a href="#li2687">2687</a>; gen. sg.
+secce, <a href="#li601">601</a>; gen. pl. säcca, <a href="#li2030">2030</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sacu, st. f., <i>strife, enmity</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1738">1738</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsadol">sadol</a>, st. m., <i>saddle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1039">1039</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsadolbeorht">sadol-beorht</a>, adj., <i>with bright saddles</i> (?): acc. pl.
+sadol-beorht, <a href="#li2176">2176</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesaga">saga</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsecgan">secgan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsamne">samne, somne</a>, adv., <i>together, united</i>; in ät-somne,
+<i>together, united</i>, <a href="#li307">307</a>, <a href="#li402">402</a>, <a href="#li491">491</a>, <a href="#li544">544</a>, <a href="#li2848">2848</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-somne (<i>together</i>), <a href="#li3123">3123</a>; &thorn;â se wyrm ge-beáh snûde tô-somne
+(<i>when the dragon quickly coiled together</i>), <a href="#li2569">2569</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsamod">samod, somod</a>: I. adv., <i>simultaneously, at the same time</i>:
+somod, <a href="#li1212">1212</a>, <a href="#li1615">1615</a>, <a href="#li2175">2175</a>, <a href="#li2988">2988</a>; samod, <a href="#li2197">2197</a>; samod ät-gädere, <a href="#li387">387</a>, <a href="#li730">730</a>,
+<a href="#li1064">1064</a>.&mdash;II. prep. w. dat., <i>with, at the same time with</i>: samod
+ær-däge (<i>with the break of day</i>), <a href="#li1312">1312</a>; somod ær-däge, <a href="#li2943">2943</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsand">sand</a>, st. n., <i>sand, sandy shore</i>: dat. sg. on sande, <a href="#li295">295</a>,
+<a href="#li1897">1897</a>, <a href="#li3043">3043</a>(?); äfter sande (<i>along the shore</i>), <a href="#li1965">1965</a>; wi&eth; sande,
+<a href="#li213">213</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsang">sang</a>, st. m., <i>song, cry, noise</i>: nom. sg. sang, <a href="#li1064">1064</a>;
+swutol sang scôpes, <a href="#li90">90</a>; acc. sg. sige-leásne sang (Grendel's cry of
+woe), <a href="#li788">788</a>; sârigne sang (Hrê&eth;el's dirge for Herebeald), <a href="#li2448">2448</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâl">sâl</a>, st. m., <i>rope</i>: dat. sg. sâle, <a href="#li1907">1907</a>; on sâle (sole,
+MS.), <a href="#li302">302</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâl">sâl</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsæl">sæl</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâr">sâr</a>, st. n., <i>wound, pain</i> (physical or spiritual): nom.
+sg. sâr, <a href="#li976">976</a>; sió sâr, <a href="#li2469">2469</a>; acc. sg. sâr, <a href="#li788">788</a>; sâre, <a href="#li2296">2296</a>; dat.
+(instr.) sg. sâre, <a href="#li1252">1252</a>, <a href="#li2312">2312</a>, <a href="#li2747">2747</a>.&mdash;Comp. lîc-sâr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâr">sâr</a>, adj., <i>sore, painful</i>: instr. pl. sârum wordum, <a href="#li2059">2059</a>.</p>
+
+<p>sâre, adv., <i>sorely, heavily, ill</i>, graviter: se &thorn;e him [sâ]re
+gesceôd (<i>who injured him sorely</i>), <a href="#li2224">2224</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsârig">sârig</a>, adj., <i>painful, woeful</i>: acc. sg. sârigne sang,
+<a href="#li2448">2448</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsârigferth">sârig-fer&eth;</a>, adj., <i>sore-hearted, grieved</i>: nom. sg.
+sârig-fer&eth; (Wîglâf), <a href="#li2864">2864</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsârigmôd">sârig-môd</a>, adj., <i>sorrowful-minded, saddened</i>: dat. pl.
+sârig-môdum, <a href="#li2943">2943</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsârlîc">sâr-lîc</a>, adj., <i>painful</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li843">843</a>; acc. sg. neut.,
+<a href="#li2110">2110</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâwol">sâwol, sâwl</a>, st. f., <i>soul</i> (the immortal principle as
+contrasted with lîf, the physical life): nom. sg. sâwol, <a href="#li2821">2821</a>; acc.
+sg. sâwle, <a href="#li184">184</a>, <a href="#li802">802</a>; hæ&eth;ene sâwle, <a href="#li853">853</a>; gen. sg. sâwele, <a href="#li1743">1743</a>; sâwle,
+<a href="#li2423">2423</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâwlberend">sâwl-berend</a>, pres. part., <i>endowed with a soul, human
+being</i>: gen. pl. sâwl-berendra, <a href="#li1005">1005</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâwuldreór">sâwul-dreór</a>, st. n., (blood gushing from the seat of the soul),
+<i>soul-gore, heart's blood, life's blood</i>: instr. sg.
+sâwul-drióre, <a href="#li2694">2694</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsâwulleás">sâwul-leás</a>, adj., <i>soulless, lifeless</i>: acc. sg.
+sâwol-leásne, <a href="#li1407">1407</a>; sâwul-leásne, <a href="#li3034">3034</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsäce">säce, säcce</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsacu">sacu</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsäd">säd</a>, adj., <i>satiated, wearied</i>: in comp. hilde-säd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsäl">säl</a>, st. n., <i>habitable space, house</i>, <i>hall</i>: dat.
+sg. sel, <a href="#li167">167</a>; säl, <a href="#li307">307</a>, <a href="#li2076">2076</a>, <a href="#li2265">2265</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsäld">säld</a>, st. n., <i>hall, king's hall</i> or <i>palace</i>: acc.
+sg. geond &thorn;ät säld (Heorot), <a href="#li1281">1281</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæ">sæ</a>, st. m. and f., <i>sea, ocean</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li579">579</a>, <a href="#li1224">1224</a>; acc.
+sg. on sîdne sæ, <a href="#li507">507</a>; ofer sæ, <a href="#li2381">2381</a>; ofer sæ sîde, <a href="#li2395">2395</a>; dat. sg. tô
+sæ, <a href="#li318">318</a>; on sæ, <a href="#li544">544</a>; dat. pl. be sæm tweonum, <a href="#li859">859</a>, <a href="#li1298">1298</a>, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>, <a href="#li1957">1957</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæbât">sæ-bât</a>, st. m., <i>sea-boat</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li634">634</a>, <a href="#li896">896</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæcyning">sæ-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>sea-king, king ruling the sea</i>: gen.
+pl. sæ-cyninga, <a href="#li2383">2383</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsædeór">sæ-deór</a>, st. n., <i>sea-beast, sea-monster</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1511">1511</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsædraca">sæ-draca</a>, w. m., <i>sea-dragon</i>: acc. pl. sæ-dracan, <a href="#li1427">1427</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesægan">sægan</a>, w. v., <i>to fell, slay</i>: pret. part. häfdon
+eal-fela eotena cynnes sweordum ge-sæged (<i>felled with the
+sword</i>), <a href="#li885">885</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæge">sæge</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glonsæge">on-sæge</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsægenga">sæ-genga</a>, w. m., <i>sea-goer</i>, i.e. sea-going ship: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1883">1883</a>, <a href="#li1909">1909</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsægeáp">sæ-geáp</a>, adj., <i>spacious</i> (broad enough for the sea): nom.
+sg. sæ-geáp naca, <a href="#li1897">1897</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsægrund">sæ-grund</a>, st. m., <i>sea-bottom, ocean-bottom</i>: dat. sg.
+sæ-grunde, <a href="#li564">564</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæl">sæl, sâl, sêl</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>favorable opportunity, good</i> or
+<i>fit time</i>: nom. sg. sæl, <a href="#li623">623</a>, <a href="#li1666">1666</a>, <a href="#li2059">2059</a>; sæl and mæl, <a href="#li1009">1009</a>;
+acc. sg. sêle, <a href="#li1136">1136</a>; gen. pl. sæla and mæla, <a href="#li1612">1612</a>.&mdash;2) <i>Fate</i>(?):
+see <a href="#note51">Note on l. 51</a>.&mdash;3) <i>happiness, joy</i>: dat. pl. on sâlum, <a href="#li608">608</a>;
+sælum, <a href="#li644">644</a>, <a href="#li1171">1171</a>, <a href="#li1323">1323</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsêl">sêl</a>, adj.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesælan">sælan</a>, w. v., <i>to turn out favorably, succeed</i>: pret.
+sg. him ge-sælde &thorn;ät ...(<i>he was fortunate enough to</i>, etc.), <a href="#li891">891</a>;
+so, <a href="#li574">574</a>; efne swylce mæla, swylce hira man-dryhtne &thorn;earf ge-sælde
+(<i>at such times as need disposed it for their lord</i>), <a href="#li1251">1251</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsælan">sælan</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glsâl">sâl</a>), w. v., <i>to tie, bind</i>: pret. sg.
+sælde ... sî&eth;-fä&eth;me scip, <a href="#li1918">1918</a>; pl. sæ-wudu sældon, <a href="#li226">226</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sælan, <i>to bind together, weave, interweave</i>: pret. part.
+earm-beága fela searwum ge-sæled (<i>many curiously interwoven
+armlets</i>, i.e. made of metal wire: see Guide to Scandinavian
+Antiquities, p. 48), <a href="#li2765">2765</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-sælan, with acc., <i>to unbind, unloose, open</i>: on-sæl meoto,
+sige-hrê&eth; secgum (<i>disclose thy views to the men, thy victor's
+courage</i>; or, <i>thy presage of victory</i>?), <a href="#li489">489</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsælâc">sæ-lâc</a>, st. n., <i>sea-gift, sea-booty</i>: instr. sg. sæ-lâce,
+<a href="#li1625">1625</a>; acc. pl. &thorn;âs sæ-lâc, <a href="#li1653">1653</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsælâd">sæ-lâd</a>, st. f., <i>sea-way, sea-journey</i>: dat. sg. sæ-lâde,
+<a href="#li1140">1140</a>, <a href="#li1158">1158</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsælîthend">sæ-lî&eth;end</a>, pres. part., <i>seafarer</i>: nom. pl. sæ-lî&eth;end,
+<a href="#li411">411</a>, <a href="#li1819">1819</a>, <a href="#li2807">2807</a>; sæ-lî&eth;ende, <a href="#li377">377</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæman">sæ-man</a>, m., <i>sea-man, sea-warrior</i>: dat. pl. sæ-mannum,
+<a href="#li2955">2955</a>; gen. pl. sæ-manna, <a href="#li329">329</a> (both times said of the Geátas).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæmra">sæmra</a>, weak adj. compar., <i>the worse, the weaker</i>: nom.
+sg. sæmra, <a href="#li2881">2881</a>; dat. sg. sæmran, <a href="#li954">954</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæmêthe">sæ-mê&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>sea-weary, exhausted by sea-travel</i>: nom.
+pl. sæ-mê&eth;e, <a href="#li325">325</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsænäs">sæ-näs</a>, st. m., <i>sea-promontory, cape, naze</i>: acc. pl.
+sæ-nässas, <a href="#li223">223</a>, <a href="#li571">571</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæne">sæne</a>, adj., <i>careless, slow</i>: compar. sg. nom. he on holme
+wäs sundes &thorn;ê sænra, &thorn;e hyne swylt fornam (<i>was the slower in
+swimming in the sea, whom death took away</i>), <a href="#li1437">1437</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsærinc">sæ-rinc</a>, st. m., <i>sea-warrior</i> or <i>hero</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li691">691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæsîth">sæ-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>sea-way, path, journey</i>: dat. sg. äfter
+sæ-sî&eth;e, <a href="#li1150">1150</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæwang">sæ-wang</a>, st. m., <i>sea-shore</i> or <i>beach</i>: acc. sg.
+sæ-wong, <a href="#li1965">1965</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæweal">sæ-weal</a>, st. m., <i>(sea-wall), seashore</i>: dat. sg.
+sæ-wealle, <a href="#li1925">1925</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæwudu">sæ-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>(sea-wood), vessel, ship</i>: acc. sg.
+sæ-wudu, <a href="#li226">226</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsæwylm">sæ-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>sea-surf, billow</i>: acc. pl. ofer
+sæ-wylmas, <a href="#li393">393</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscacan">scacan, sceacan</a>, st. v., properly, <i>to shake one's self</i>;
+hence, <i>to go, glide, pass along</i> or <i>away</i>: pres. sg. &thorn;onne
+mîn sceace&eth; lîf of lîce, <a href="#li2743">2743</a>; inf. &thorn;â com beorht [sunne] scacan [ofer
+grundas], (<i>the bright sun came gliding over the fields</i>), <a href="#li1804">1804</a>;
+pret. sg. dugu&eth; ellor scôc <i>(the chiefs are gone elsewhither</i>,
+i.e. have died), <a href="#li2255">2255</a>; &thorn;onne stræla storm ... scôc ofer scild-weall
+(<i>when the storm of arrows leapt over the wall of shields</i>),
+<a href="#li3119">3119</a>; pret. part. wäs hira blæd scacen (<i>their bravest men had
+passed away</i>), <a href="#li1125">1125</a>; &thorn;â wäs winter scacen (<i>the winter was
+past</i>), <a href="#li1137">1137</a>; so, sceacen, <a href="#li2307">2307</a>, <a href="#li2728">2728</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscadu">scadu, sceadu</a>, st. f., <i>shadow, concealing veil of night</i>:
+acc. sg. under sceadu bregdan (i.e. kill), <a href="#li708">708</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscadugenga">scadu-genga</a>, w. m., <i>shadow-goer, twilight-stalker</i> (of
+Grendel): nom. sg. sceadu-genga, <a href="#li704">704</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscaduhelm">scadu-helm</a>, st. m., <i>shadow-helm, veil of darkness</i>: gen.
+pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu (<i>shapes of the shadow, evil spirits
+wandering by night</i>), <a href="#li651">651</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscalu">scalu</a>, st. f., <i>retinue, band</i> (part of an armed force);
+in comp. hand-scalu: mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), <a href="#li1318">1318</a>, <a href="#li1964">1964</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscamian">scamian</a>, w. v., <i>to be ashamed</i>: pres. part. nom. pl.
+scamiende, <a href="#li2851">2851</a>; nô he &thorn;ære feoh-gyfte ... scamigan &thorn;orfte (<i>needed
+not be ashamed of his treasure-giving</i>), <a href="#li1027">1027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscawa">scawa</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glsceáwlan">sceáwlan</a>), w. m., <i>observer, visitor</i>:
+nom. pl. scawan, <a href="#li1896">1896</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgescâd">scâd</a>, st. n., <i>difference, distinction</i>: acc. sg.
+æg-hwä&eth;res gescâd, worda and worca (<i>difference between, of, both
+words and deeds</i>), <a href="#li288">288</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgescâdan">scâdan</a>, st. v., <i>to decide, adjudge</i>: pret. sg. rodera
+rædend hit on ryht gescêd (<i>decided it in accordance with
+right</i>), <a href="#li1556">1556</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscânan">scânan</a>? See <a class="glentry" href="#glscînan">scînan</a>, pret. pl. scionon, <a href="#li303">303</a>; the
+imaginary scânan having been abandoned.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgescäphwîle">scäp-hwîle</a>, st. f., <i>fated hour, hour of death (appointed
+rest?)</i>: dat. sg. tô gescäp-hwîle (<i>at the fated hour</i>), <a href="#li26">26</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceththan">sce&eth;&eth;an</a>, w. v., <i>to scathe, injure</i>: inf. w. dat. pers., <a href="#li1034">1034</a>;
+aldre sce&eth;&eth;an (<i>hurt her life</i>), <a href="#li1525">1525</a>; &thorn;ät on land Dena lâ&eth;ra
+nænig mid scipherge sce&eth;&eth;an ne meahte (<i>injure through robber
+incursions</i>), <a href="#li243">243</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ær him nænig wäter wihte ne sce&eth;ede,
+<a href="#li1515">1515</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesceththan">sce&eth;&eth;an</a>, the same: inf. &thorn;ät him ... ne mihte eorres
+inwit-feng aldre gesce&eth;&eth;an, <a href="#li1448">1448</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscenc">scenc</a>, st. m., <i>vessel, can</i>: in comp. medu-scenc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscencan">scencan</a>, w. v., <i>to hand drink, pour out</i>: pret. sg.
+scencte scîr wered, <a href="#li496">496</a> (cf. skinker = cup-bearer).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscenne">scenne</a>, w. f.?, <i>sword-guard?</i>: dat. pl. on &thorn;æm scennum
+scîran goldes, <a href="#li1695">1695</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceran">sceran</a>, st. v., <i>to shear off, cleave, hew to pieces</i>: pres.
+sg. &thorn;onne heoru bunden ... swîn ofer helme andweard scire&eth; (<i>hews off the
+boar-head on the helm</i>), <a href="#li1288">1288</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sceran, <i>to divide, hew in two</i>: pret. sg. helm oft ge-scär
+(<i>often clove the helm in two</i>), <a href="#li1527">1527</a>; so, gescer, <a href="#li2974">2974</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscerwen">scerwen</a>, st. f.?, in comp. ealu-scerwen (<i>ale-scare</i> or
+<i>panic</i>?), <a href="#li770">770</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscêt">scêt</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsceótan">sceótan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceadu">sceadu</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glscadu">scadu</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceatha">scea&eth;a</a>, w. m.: 1) <i>scather, foe</i>: gen. pl. scea&eth;ena, <a href="#li4">4</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>fighter, warrior</i>: nom. pl. sca&eth;an, <a href="#li1804">1804</a>.&mdash;Comp.: âttor-, dol-,
+feónd-, gû&eth;-, hearm-, leód-, mân-, sin-, &thorn;eód-, uht-scea&eth;a.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceathan">scea&eth;an</a>, st. v. w. dat., <i>to scathe, injure, crush</i>: pret.
+sg. se &thorn;e oft manegum scôd (<i>which has oft oppressed many</i>),
+<a href="#li1888">1888</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-scea&eth;an, w. dat., the same: pret. sg. swâ him ær gescôd hild ät
+Heorote, <a href="#li1588">1588</a>; se &thorn;e him sâre ge-sceôd (<i>who injured him
+sorely</i>), <a href="#li2224">2224</a>; nô &thorn;ý ær in gescôd hâlan lîce, <a href="#li1503">1503</a>; bill ær gescôd
+eald-hlâfordes &thorn;am &thorn;âra mâ&eth;ma mund-bora wäs (<i>the weapon of the
+ancient chieftain had before laid low the dragon, the guardian of the
+treasure</i>), <a href="#li2778">2778</a> (or, <i>sheathed in brass</i>?, if ær and gescôd
+form compound).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceathenmæl">scea&eth;en-mæl</a>, st. n., <i>deadly weapon, hostile sword</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1940">1940</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceaft">sceaft</a>, st. m., <i>shaft, spear, missile</i>: nom. sg. sceft,
+<a href="#li3119">3119</a>.&mdash;Comp.: here-, wäl-sceaft.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesceaft">sceaft</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>creation, earth, earthly
+existence</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;âs lænan ge-sceaft, <a href="#li1623">1623</a>.&mdash;2) <i>fate,
+destiny</i>: in comp. for&eth;-, lîf-, mæl-gesceaft.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscealc">scealc</a>, st. m., <i>servant, military retainer</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li919">919</a>; (of Beówulf), <a href="#li940">940</a>.&mdash;Comp beór-scealc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesceap">sceap</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>shape, creature</i>: nom. pl.
+scadu-helma ge-sceapu, <a href="#li651">651</a>.&mdash;2) <i>fate, providence</i>: acc. sg. heáh
+ge-sceap (<i>heavy fate</i>), <a href="#li3085">3085</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceapan">sceapan, sceppan, scyppan</a>, st. v., <i>to shape, create, order,
+arrange, establish</i>: pres. part. scyppend (<i>the Creator</i>),
+<a href="#li106">106</a>; pret. sg. scôp him Heort naman (<i>shaped, gave, it the name
+Heorot</i>), <a href="#li78">78</a>; pres. part. wäs sió wrôht scepen heard wi&eth; Hûgas,
+sy&eth;&eth;an Hygelâc cwom (<i>the contest with the Hûgas became sharp after
+H. had come</i>), <a href="#li2915">2915</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sceapan, <i>to shape, create</i>: pret. sg. lîf ge-sceôp cynna
+gehwylcum, <a href="#li97">97</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscear">scear</a>, st. m., <i>massacre</i>: in comp. gû&eth;-, inwit-scear,
+<a href="#li2429">2429</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscearp">scearp</a>, adj., <i>sharp, able, brave</i>: nom. sg. scearp
+scyld-wîga, <a href="#li288">288</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beadu-, hea&eth;o-scearp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscearu">scearu</a>, st. f., <i>division, body, troop</i>: in comp.
+folc-scearu; <i>that is decided</i> or <i>determined</i>, in
+gû&eth;-scearu (<i>overthrow</i>?), <a href="#li1214">1214</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceat">sceat</a>, st. m., <i>money</i>; also <i>unit of value in
+appraising</i> (cf. Rieger in Zacher's Zeits. 3, 415): acc. pl.
+sceattas, <a href="#li1687">1687</a>. When numbers are given, sceat appears to be left out,
+cf. <a href="#li2196">2196</a>, <a href="#li2995">2995</a> (see &thorn;ûsend).&mdash;Comp. gif-sceat.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceát">sceát</a>, st. m., <i>region, field</i>: acc. pl. gefrätwade foldan
+sceátas leomum and leáfum, <a href="#li96">96</a>;&mdash;<i>top, surface, part</i>: gen. pl.
+eor&eth;an sceáta, <a href="#li753">753</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceáwere">sceáwere</a>, st. m., <i>observer, spy</i>: nom. pl. sceáweras,
+<a href="#li253">253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceáwian">sceáwian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to see, look at, observe</i>: inf.
+sceáwian, <a href="#li841">841</a>, <a href="#li1414">1414</a>, <a href="#li2403">2403</a>, <a href="#li2745">2745</a>, <a href="#li3009">3009</a>, <a href="#li3033">3033</a>; sceáwigan, <a href="#li1392">1392</a>; pres.
+sg. II. &thorn;ät ge genôge neán sceáwia&eth; beágas and brâd gold, <a href="#li3105">3105</a>; subj.
+pres. &thorn;ät ic ... sceáwige swegle searo-gimmas, <a href="#li2749">2749</a>; pret. sg.
+sceáwode, <a href="#li1688">1688</a>, <a href="#li2286">2286</a>, <a href="#li2794">2794</a>; sg. for pl., <a href="#li844">844</a>; pret. pl. sceáwedon,
+<a href="#li132">132</a>, <a href="#li204">204</a>, <a href="#li984">984</a>, <a href="#li1441">1441</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sceáwian, <i>to see, behold, observe</i>: pret. part. ge-sceáwod,
+<a href="#li3076">3076</a>, <a href="#li3085">3085</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceorp">sceorp</a>, st. n., <i>garment</i>: in comp. hilde-sceorp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceótan">sceótan</a>, st. v., <i>to shoot, hurl missiles</i>: pres. sg. se
+&thorn;e of flân-bogan fyrenum sceóte&eth;, <a href="#li1745">1745</a>; pres. part. nom. pl. sceótend
+(<i>the warriors, bowmen</i>), <a href="#li704">704</a>, <a href="#li1155">1155</a>; dat. pl. for sceótendum (MS.
+scotenum), <a href="#li1027">1027</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sceótan, w. acc., <i>to shoot off, hurry</i>: pret. sg. hord eft
+gesceát (<i>the dragon darted again back to the treasure</i>), <a href="#li2320">2320</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-sceótan, <i>to kill by shooting</i>: pret. sg. his mæg of-scêt ...
+blôdigan gâre <i>(killed his brother with bloody dart</i>), <a href="#li2440">2440</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscild">scild, scyld</a>, st. m., <i>shield</i>: nom. sg. scyld, <a href="#li2571">2571</a>; acc.
+sg. scyld, <a href="#li437">437</a>, <a href="#li2076">2076</a>; acc. pl. scyldas, <a href="#li325">325</a>, <a href="#li333">333</a>, <a href="#li2851">2851</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscildan">scildan, scyldan</a>, w. v., <i>to shield, protect</i>: pret. subj.
+nym&eth;e mec god scylde (<i>if God had not shielded me</i>), <a href="#li1659">1659</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscildfreca">scild-freca</a>, w. m., <i>shield-warrior</i> (warrior armed with
+a shield): nom. sg. scyld-freca, <a href="#li1034">1034</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscildweall">scild-weall</a>, st. m., <i>wall of shields</i>: acc. sg.
+scild-weall, <a href="#li3119">3119</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscildwîga">scild-wîga</a>, w. m., <i>shield-warrior</i>: nom. sg. scyld-wîga,
+<a href="#li288">288</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscinna">scinna</a>, w. m., <i>apparition, evil spirit</i>: dat. pl.
+scynnum, <a href="#li940">940</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscip">scip</a>, st. n., <i>vessel, ship</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li302">302</a>; acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li1918">1918</a>; dat. sg. tô scipe, <a href="#li1896">1896</a>; gen. sg. scipes, <a href="#li35">35</a>, <a href="#li897">897</a>; dat pl. tô
+scypum (scypon, MS.), <a href="#li1155">1155</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsciphere">scip-here</a>, st. m., (exercitus navalis) <i>armada, fleet</i>:
+dat. sg. mid scip-herge, <a href="#li243">243</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgescîfe">scîfe</a> (for ge-<b>scýfe</b>), adj., <i>advancing</i> (of the
+dragon's movement), <a href="#li2571">2571</a>; = G. <i>schief</i>?</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscînan">scînan</a>, st. v., <i>to shine, flash</i>: pres. sg. sunne ...
+sû&eth;an scîne&eth;, <a href="#li607">607</a>; so, <a href="#li1572">1572</a>; inf. geseah blâcne leóman beorhte scînan,
+<a href="#li1518">1518</a>; pret. sg. (gû&eth;-byrne, woruld&mdash;candel) scân, <a href="#li321">321</a>, <a href="#li1966">1966</a>; on him
+byrne scân, <a href="#li405">405</a>; pret. pl. gold-fâg scinon web äfter wagum, <a href="#li995">995</a>;
+scionon, <a href="#li303">303</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscîr">scîr</a>, adj., <i>sheer, pure, shining</i>: nom. sg. hring-îren
+scîr, <a href="#li322">322</a>; scîr metod, <a href="#li980">980</a>; acc. sg. n. scîr wered, <a href="#li496">496</a>; gen. sg.
+scîran goldes, <a href="#li1695">1695</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscîrham">scîr-ham</a>, adj., <i>bright-armored, clad in bright mail</i>:
+nom. pl. scîr-hame, <a href="#li1896">1896</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscoten">scoten</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsceóten">sceóten</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgescôd">scôd</a>, pret. part., <i>shod</i> (calceatus), <i>covered</i>:
+in comp. ær-ge-scôd(?). See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgesceathan">scea&eth;an</a>, and Note.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscôp">scôp</a>, st. m., <i>singer, shaper, poet</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li496">496</a>, <a href="#li1067">1067</a>;
+gen. sg. scôpes, <a href="#li90">90</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscräf">scräf</a>, st. n., <i>hole in the earth, cavern</i>: in comp.
+eor&eth;-scräf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscrîthan">scrî&eth;an</a>, st. v., <i>to stride, go</i>: pres. pl. scrî&eth;a&eth;, <a href="#li163">163</a>;
+inf. scrî&eth;an, <a href="#li651">651</a>, <a href="#li704">704</a>; scrî&eth;an tô, <a href="#li2570">2570</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscrîfan">scrîfan</a>, st. v., <i>to prescribe, impose</i> (punishment): inf.
+hû him (Grendel) scîr metod scrîfan wille, <a href="#li980">980</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-scrîfan, w. dat. pers., <i>to proscribe, condemn</i>: pret. part.
+si&eth;&eth;an him scyppend for-scrifen häfde, <a href="#li106">106</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-scrîfan, <i>to permit, prescribe</i>: pret. sg. swâ him Wyrd ne
+ge-scrâf (<i>as Weird did not permit him</i>), <a href="#li2575">2575</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscrûd">scrûd</a>, st. m., <i>clothing, covering; ornament</i>: in comp.
+beadu-, byrdu-scrûd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscucca">scucca</a>, w. m., <i>shadowy sprite, demon</i>: dat. pl. scuccum,
+<a href="#li940">940</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsculan">sculan</a>, aux. v. w. inf.: 1) <i>shall, must</i> (obligation):
+pres. sg. I., III. sceal, <a href="#li20">20</a>, <a href="#li24">24</a>, <a href="#li183">183</a>, <a href="#li251">251</a>, <a href="#li271">271</a>, <a href="#li287">287</a>, <a href="#li440">440</a>, <a href="#li978">978</a>, <a href="#li1005">1005</a>,
+<a href="#li1173">1173</a>, <a href="#li1387">1387</a>, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>, etc.; scel, <a href="#li455">455</a>, <a href="#li2805">2805</a>, <a href="#li3011">3011</a>; II. scealt, <a href="#li589">589</a>, <a href="#li2667">2667</a>;
+subj. pres. scyle, <a href="#li2658">2658</a>; scile, <a href="#li3178">3178</a>; pret. ind. sg. I., III. scolde,
+<a href="#li10">10</a>, <a href="#li806">806</a>, <a href="#li820">820</a>, <a href="#li966">966</a>, <a href="#li1071">1071</a>, <a href="#li1444">1444</a>, <a href="#li1450">1450</a>, etc.; sceolde, <a href="#li2342">2342</a>, <a href="#li2409">2409</a>, <a href="#li2443">2443</a>,
+<a href="#li2590">2590</a>, <a href="#li2964">2964</a>; II. sceoldest, <a href="#li2057">2057</a>; pl. scoldon, <a href="#li41">41</a>, <a href="#li833">833</a>, <a href="#li1306">1306</a>, <a href="#li1638">1638</a>;
+subj. pret. scolde, <a href="#li1329">1329</a>, <a href="#li1478">1478</a>; sceolde, <a href="#li2709">2709</a>.&mdash;2) w. inf. following
+it expresses futurity, = <i>shall, will</i>: pres. sg. I., III. sceal
+beódan (<i>shall offer</i>), <a href="#li384">384</a>; so, <a href="#li424">424</a>, <a href="#li438">438</a>, <a href="#li602">602</a>, <a href="#li637">637</a>, <a href="#li1061">1061</a>, <a href="#li1707">1707</a>,
+<a href="#li1856">1856</a>, <a href="#li1863">1863</a>, <a href="#li2070">2070</a>; sceall, <a href="#li2499">2499</a>, <a href="#li2509">2509</a>, etc.; II. scealt, <a href="#li1708">1708</a>; pl. wit
+sculon, <a href="#li684">684</a>; subj. pret. scolde, <a href="#li280">280</a>, <a href="#li692">692</a>, <a href="#li911">911</a>; sceolde, <a href="#li3069">3069</a>.&mdash;3)
+sculan sometimes forms a periphrastic phrase or circumlocution for a
+simple tense, usually with a slight feeling of obligation or
+necessity: pres. sg. he ge-wunian sceall (<i>he inhabits; is said to
+inhabit?</i>), <a href="#li2276">2276</a>; pret. sg. se &thorn;e wäter-egesan wunian scolde, <a href="#li1261">1261</a>;
+wäcnan scolde (<i>was to awake</i>), <a href="#li85">85</a>; se &thorn;one gomelan grêtan
+sceolde (<i>was to, should, approach</i>), <a href="#li2422">2422</a>; &thorn;ät se byrn-wîga
+bûgan sceolde (<i>the corseleted warrior had to bow, fell</i>), <a href="#li2919">2919</a>;
+pl. &thorn;â &thorn;e beado-grîman býwan sceoldon (<i>they that had to polish or
+deck the battle-masks</i>), <a href="#li2258">2258</a>; so, <a href="#li230">230</a>, <a href="#li705">705</a>, <a href="#li1068">1068</a>.&mdash;4) w. omitted
+inf., such as wesan, gangan: unc sceal worn fela mâ&eth;ma ge-mænra (i.e.
+wesan). <a href="#li1784">1784</a>; so, <a href="#li2660">2660</a>; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum befeallen (i.e.
+wesan), <a href="#li2256">2256</a>; ic him äfter sceal (i.e. gangan), <a href="#li2817">2817</a>; subj. &thorn;onne &thorn;u
+for&eth; scyle (i.e. gangan), <a href="#li1180">1180</a>. A verb or inf. expressed in an
+antecedent clause is not again expressed with a subsequent sceal: gæ&eth;
+â Wyrd swâ hió scel (<i>Weird goeth ever as it shall</i> [go]), <a href="#li455">455</a>;
+gû&eth;-bill ge-swâc swâ hit nô sceolde (i.e. ge-swîcan), <a href="#li2586">2586</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscûa">scûa</a>, w. m., <i>shadowy demon</i>: in comp. deá&eth;-scûa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscûfan">scûfan</a>, st. v.: 1) intrans., <i>to move forward, hasten</i>:
+pret. part. &thorn;â wäs morgen-leóht scofen and scynded, <a href="#li919">919</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc.,
+<i>to shove, push</i>: pret. pl. guman ût scufon ... wudu bundenne
+(<i>pushed the vessel from the land</i>), <a href="#li215">215</a>; dracan scufun ... ofer
+weall-clif (<i>pushed the dragon over the wall-like cliff</i>), <a href="#li3132">3132</a>.
+See <a class="glentry" href="#glwîdscofen">wîd-scofen</a>(?)</p>
+
+<p>be-scûfan, w. acc., <i>to push, thrust down, in</i>: inf. wâ bi&eth; &thorn;äm
+&thorn;e sceal ... sâwle be-scûfan in fýres fä&eth;m (<i>woe to him that shall
+thrust his soul into fire's embrace</i>), <a href="#li184">184</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscûr">scûr</a>, st. m., <i>shower, battle-shower</i>: in comp.
+îsern-scûr.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscûrheard">scûr-heard</a>, adj., <i>fight-hardened? (file-hardened?</i>): nom.
+pl. scûr-heard, <a href="#li1034">1034</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscyld">scyld, scyldan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glscild">scild, scildan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscyldig">scyldig</a>, adj., <i>under obligations</i> or <i>bound for; guilty
+of</i>, w. gen. and instr.: ealdres (mor&eth;res) scyldig, <a href="#li1339">1339</a>, <a href="#li1684">1684</a>,
+<a href="#li2062">2062</a>; synnum scyldig (<i>guilty of evil deeds</i>), <a href="#li3072">3072</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscyndan">scyndan</a>, w. v., <i>to hasten</i>: inf. scyndan, <a href="#li2571">2571</a>; pret.
+part, scynded, 919</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscynna">scynna</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glscinna">scinna</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscyppend">scyppend</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsceapan">sceapan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscyran">scyran</a>, w. v., <i>to arrange, decide</i>: inf. &thorn;ät hit
+scea&eth;en-mæl scyran môste (<i>that the sword must decide it</i>), <a href="#li1940">1940</a>.
+O.N. skora, <i>to score, decide</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glscýne">scýne</a>, adj., <i>sheen, well-formed, beautiful</i>: nom. sg.
+mäg&eth; scýne, <a href="#li3017">3017</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glse">se</a>, pron. dem. and article, <i>the</i>: m. nom., <a href="#li79">79</a>, <a href="#li84">84</a>, <a href="#li86">86</a>, <a href="#li87">87</a>, <a href="#li90">90</a>,
+<a href="#li92">92</a>, <a href="#li102">102</a>, etc.; fem, seó, <a href="#li66">66</a>, <a href="#li146">146</a>, etc.; neut. &thorn;ät;&mdash;relative: se
+(<i>who</i>), <a href="#li1611">1611</a>, <a href="#li2866">2866</a>; se &thorn;e (<i>he who</i>), <a href="#li2293">2293</a>; seó &thorn;e (<i>she
+who</i>), <a href="#li1446">1446</a>; se &thorn;e (for seó &thorn;e), <a href="#li1345">1345</a>, <a href="#li1888">1888</a>, <a href="#li2686">2686</a>; cf. <a href="#li1261">1261</a>, <a href="#li1498">1498</a>;
+(Grendel's mother, as a wild, demonic creature, is conceived now as
+man, now as woman: woman, as having borne a son; man, as the
+incarnation of savage cunning and power); se for seó, <a href="#li2422">2422</a>; dat. sg.
+&thorn;am (for &thorn;am &thorn;e), <a href="#li2780">2780</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsecce">secce</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsacu">sacu</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsecg">secg</a>, st. m., <i>man, warrior, hero, spokesman</i> (secgan?):
+nom. sg., <a href="#li208">208</a>, <a href="#li872">872</a>, <a href="#li2228">2228</a>, <a href="#li2407">2407</a>, etc.; (Beówulf), <a href="#li249">249</a>, <a href="#li948">948</a>, <a href="#li1312">1312</a>, <a href="#li1570">1570</a>,
+<a href="#li1760">1760</a>, etc.; (Wulfgâr), <a href="#li402">402</a>; (Hûnfer&eth;), <a href="#li981">981</a>; (Wîglâf), <a href="#li2864">2864</a>; acc. sg.
+sinnigne secg (Grendel's mother, cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glse">se</a>), <a href="#li1380">1380</a>; dat. sg. secge, <a href="#li2020">2020</a>;
+nom. pl. secgas, <a href="#li213">213</a>, <a href="#li2531">2531</a>, <a href="#li3129">3129</a>; dat. pl. secgum, <a href="#li490">490</a>; gen. pl.
+secga, <a href="#li634">634</a>, <a href="#li843">843</a>, <a href="#li997">997</a>, <a href="#li1673">1673</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsecg">secg</a>, st. f., <i>sword</i> (sedge?): acc. sg. secge, <a href="#li685">685</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsecgan">secgan</a>, w. v., <i>to say, speak</i>: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. gode
+ic &thorn;anc secge, <a href="#li1998">1998</a>; so, <a href="#li2796">2796</a>; pres. part. swâ se secg hwata secgende
+wäs lâ&eth;ra spella (partitive gen.), <a href="#li3029">3029</a>; inf. secgan, <a href="#li582">582</a>, <a href="#li876">876</a>, <a href="#li881">881</a>,
+<a href="#li1050">1050</a>; pret. sg. sägde him &thorn;äs leánes &thorn;anc, <a href="#li1810">1810</a>; pret. sg. II. hwät &thorn;u
+worn fela ... sägdest from his sî&eth;e, <a href="#li532">532</a>.&mdash;2) without acc inf. swâ we
+sô&eth;lîce secgan hýrdon, <a href="#li273">273</a>; pret. sg. sägde, <a href="#li2633">2633</a>, <a href="#li2900">2900</a>&mdash;3) w. depend.
+clause: pres. sg. ic secge, <a href="#li591">591</a>; pl. III. secga&eth;, <a href="#li411">411</a>; inf. secgan,
+<a href="#li51">51</a>, <a href="#li391">391</a>, <a href="#li943">943</a>, <a href="#li1347">1347</a>, <a href="#li1701">1701</a>, <a href="#li1819">1819</a>, <a href="#li2865">2865</a>, <a href="#li3027">3027</a>; gerund. tô secganne, <a href="#li473">473</a>,
+<a href="#li1725">1725</a>; pret. sg. sägde, <a href="#li90">90</a>, <a href="#li1176">1176</a>; pl. sägdon, <a href="#li377">377</a>, <a href="#li2188">2188</a>; sædan, <a href="#li1946">1946</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-secgan (edicere), <i>to say out, deliver</i>: inf. wille ic â-secgan
+suna Healfdenes ... mîn ærende, <a href="#li344">344</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-secgan, <i>to say, relate</i>: imper. sg. II. ge-saga, <a href="#li388">388</a>; &thorn;ät ic
+his ærest &thorn;e eft ge-sägde (<i>that I should, after, tell thee its
+origin</i>), <a href="#li2158">2158</a>; pret. part. gesägd, <a href="#li141">141</a>; gesæd, <a href="#li1697">1697</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsefa">sefa</a>, w. m., <i>heart, mind, soul, spirit</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li49">49</a>,
+<a href="#li490">490</a>, <a href="#li595">595</a>, <a href="#li2044">2044</a>, <a href="#li2181">2181</a>, <a href="#li2420">2420</a>, <a href="#li2601">2601</a>, <a href="#li2633">2633</a>; acc. sg. sefan, <a href="#li278">278</a>, <a href="#li1727">1727</a>,
+<a href="#li1843">1843</a>; dat. sg. sefan, <a href="#li473">473</a>, <a href="#li1343">1343</a>, <a href="#li1738">1738</a>.&mdash;Comp. môd-sefa.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesegen">segen</a>, st. f., <i>legend, tale</i>: in comp. eald-ge-segen.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsegl">segl</a>, st. n., <i>sail</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1907">1907</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseglrâd">segl-râd</a>, st. f., <i>sail-road</i>, i.e. sea: dat. sg. on
+segl-râde, <a href="#li1430">1430</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsegn">segn</a>, st. n., <i>banner</i>, vexillum: nom. sg., <a href="#li2768">2768</a>, <a href="#li2959">2959</a>;
+acc. sg. segen, <a href="#li47">47</a>, <a href="#li1022">1022</a>; segn, <a href="#li2777">2777</a>; dat. sg. under segne,
+<a href="#li1205">1205</a>.&mdash;Comp. heáfod-segn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsel">sel</a>, st. n., <i>hall, palace</i>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsäl">säl</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseld">seld</a>, st. n., <i>dwelling, house</i>: in comp. medu-seld.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeselda">selda</a>, w. m., contubernalis, <i>companion</i>: acc. sg.
+geseldan, <a href="#li1985">1985</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseldan">seldan</a>, adv., <i>seldom</i>: oft [nô] seldan, <a href="#li2030">2030</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseldguma">seld-guma</a>, w. m., <i>house-man, home-stayer(?); common man?,
+house-carl?</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li249">249</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsele">sele</a>, st. m. and n., <i>building consisting of one apartment;
+apartment, room</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li81">81</a>, <a href="#li411">411</a>; acc. sg. sele, <a href="#li827">827</a>, <a href="#li2353">2353</a>; dat. sg.
+tô sele, <a href="#li323">323</a>, <a href="#li1641">1641</a>; in (on, tô) sele &thorn;am heán, <a href="#li714">714</a>, <a href="#li920">920</a>, <a href="#li1017">1017</a>, <a href="#li1985">1985</a>; on
+sele (<i>in the den of the dragon</i>), <a href="#li3129">3129</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beáh-, beór-, dryht-,
+eor&eth;-, gest-, gold-, grund-, gû&eth;-, heáh-, hring-, hrôf-, ni&eth;-, win-sele.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseledreám">sele-dreám</a>, st. m., <i>hall-glee, joy in the hall</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;âra &thorn;e &thorn;is lîf ofgeaf, gesâwon sele-dreám (referring to the joy of
+heaven?), <a href="#li2253">2253</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseleful">sele-ful</a>, st. n., <i>hall-goblet</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li620">620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glselegyst">sele-gyst</a>, st. m., <i>hall-guest, stranger in hall</i> or
+<i>house</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one sele-gyst, <a href="#li1546">1546</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glselerædend">sele-rædend</a>, pres. part., <i>hall-ruler, possessor of the
+hall</i>: nom. pl., <a href="#li51">51</a>; acc. leóde mîne sele-rædende, <a href="#li1347">1347</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glselerest">sele-rest</a>, st. f., <i>bed in the hall</i>: acc. sg. sele-reste,
+<a href="#li691">691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glselethegn">sele-&thorn;egn</a>, st. m., <i>retainer, hall-thane, chamberlain</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1795">1795</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseleweard">sele-weard</a>, st. m., <i>hall-ward, guardian of the hall</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li668">668</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glself">self, sylf</a>, pron., <i>self</i>: nom. sg. strong form, self,
+<a href="#li1314">1314</a>, <a href="#li1925">1925</a> (? selfa); &thorn;u self, <a href="#li595">595</a>; &thorn;u &thorn;e self, <a href="#li954">954</a>; self cyning
+(<i>the king himself, the king too</i>), <a href="#li921">921</a>, <a href="#li1011">1011</a>; sylf, <a href="#li1965">1965</a>; in
+weak form, selfa, <a href="#li1469">1469</a>; he selfa, <a href="#li29">29</a>, <a href="#li1734">1734</a>; &thorn;äm &thorn;e him selfa deáh
+(<i>that can rely upon, trust to, himself</i>), <a href="#li1840">1840</a>; seolfa, <a href="#li3068">3068</a>; he
+sylfa, <a href="#li505">505</a>; god sylfa, <a href="#li3055">3055</a>; acc. sg. m. selfne, <a href="#li1606">1606</a>; hine selfne
+(<i>himself</i>), <a href="#li962">962</a>; hyne selfne (<i>himself</i>, reflex.), <a href="#li2876">2876</a>;
+wi&eth; sylfne (<i>beside</i>), <a href="#li1978">1978</a>; gen. sg. m. selfes, <a href="#li701">701</a>, <a href="#li896">896</a>; his
+selfes, <a href="#li1148">1148</a>; on sînne sylfes dôm (<i>at his own will</i>), <a href="#li2148">2148</a>;
+sylfes, <a href="#li2224">2224</a>, <a href="#li2361">2361</a>, <a href="#li2640">2640</a>, <a href="#li2711">2711</a>, <a href="#li2777">2777</a>, <a href="#li3014">3014</a>; his sylfes, <a href="#li2014">2014</a>, <a href="#li2326">2326</a>;
+fem. hire selfre, <a href="#li1116">1116</a>; nom. pl. selfe, <a href="#li419">419</a>; Sû&eth;-Dene sylfe, <a href="#li1997">1997</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesella">sella</a>, w. m., <i>house-companion, comrade</i>: in comp.
+hand-gesella.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsellan">sellan, syllan</a>, w. v.: 1) w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers.,
+<i>to give, deliver; permit, grant, present</i>: pres. sg. III. sele&eth;
+him on ê&eth;le eor&eth;an wynne, <a href="#li1731">1731</a>; inf. syllan, <a href="#li2161">2161</a>, <a href="#li2730">2730</a>; pret. sg.
+sealde, <a href="#li72">72</a>, <a href="#li673">673</a>, <a href="#li1272">1272</a>, <a href="#li1694">1694</a>, <a href="#li1752">1752</a>, <a href="#li2025">2025</a>, <a href="#li2156">2156</a>, <a href="#li2183">2183</a>, <a href="#li2491">2491</a>, <a href="#li2995">2995</a>; nefne
+god sylfa sealde &thorn;am &thorn;e he wolde hord openian (<i>unless God himself
+gave to whom he would to open the hoard</i>), <a href="#li3056">3056</a>; pret. sg. II.
+sealdest, <a href="#li1483">1483</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to give, give up</i> (only w. acc. of thing):
+ær he feorh sele&eth; (<i>he prefers to give up his life</i>), <a href="#li1371">1371</a>;
+nallas on gylp sele&eth; fätte beágas (<i>giveth out gold-wrought
+rings</i>, etc.), <a href="#li1750">1750</a>; pret. sg. sinc-fato sealde, <a href="#li623">623</a>; pl. byrelas
+sealdon wîn of wunder-fatum, <a href="#li1162">1162</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sellan, w. acc. and dat. of pers., <i>to give, deliver; grant,
+present</i>: inf. ge-sellan, <a href="#li1030">1030</a>; pret. sg. ge-sealde, <a href="#li616">616</a>, <a href="#li1053">1053</a>,
+<a href="#li1867">1867</a>, <a href="#li1902">1902</a>, <a href="#li2143">2143</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsellîc">sel-lîc, syl-lîc</a> (from seld-lîc), adj., <i>strange,
+wondrous</i>: nom. sg. glôf ... syllîc, <a href="#li2087">2087</a>; acc. sg. n. syllîc
+spell, <a href="#li2110">2110</a>; acc. pl. sellîce sæ-dracan, <a href="#li1427">1427</a>. Compar. acc. sg.
+syllîcran wiht (the dragon), <a href="#li3039">3039</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsemninga">semninga</a>, adv., <i>straightway, at once</i> <a href="#li645">645</a>, <a href="#li1641">1641</a>, <a href="#li1768">1768</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsendan">sendan</a>, w. v. w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers., <i>to
+send</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;one god sende folce tô frôfre (<i>whom God sent
+as a comfort to the people</i>), <a href="#li13">13</a>; so, <a href="#li471">471</a>, <a href="#li1843">1843</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-sendan, <i>to send away, drive off</i> pret. part. he wear&eth; on
+feónda geweald ... snûde for-sended, <a href="#li905">905</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-sendan, <i>to send forth, away</i>, w. acc. of thing and dat. of
+pers.: imper. sg. on-send, <a href="#li452">452</a>, <a href="#li1484">1484</a>; pret. sg. on-sende, <a href="#li382">382</a>; pl. &thorn;e hine
+... for&eth; on-sendon ænne ofer ý&eth;e (<i>who sent him forth alone over the
+sea</i>), <a href="#li45">45</a>; pret. part. bealo-cwealm hafa&eth; fela feorh-cynna feorr
+on-sended, <a href="#li2267">2267</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsendan">sendan</a> (cf. Gl. Aldhelm, sanda = ferculorum, epularum, in Haupt
+IX. 444), w. v., <i>to feast, banquet</i>: pres. sg. III. sende&eth;,
+<a href="#li601">601</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glserce">serce, syrce</a>, w. f., <i>sark, shirt of mail</i>: nom. sg.
+syrce, <a href="#li1112">1112</a>; nom. pl. syrcan, <a href="#li226">226</a>; acc. pl. græge syrcan, <a href="#li334">334</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+beadu-, heoro-serce; here-, leo&eth;o-, lîc-syrce.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsess">sess</a>, st. m., <i>seat, place for sitting</i>: dat. sg. sesse,
+<a href="#li2718">2718</a>; &thorn;â he bî sesse geóng (<i>by the seat</i>, i.e. before the
+dragon's lair), <a href="#li2757">2757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsetl">setl</a>, st. n., <i>seat, settle</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2014">2014</a>; dat. sg.
+setle, <a href="#li1233">1233</a>, <a href="#li1783">1783</a>, <a href="#li2020">2020</a>; gen. sg. setles, <a href="#li1787">1787</a>; dat. pl. setlum,
+<a href="#li1290">1290</a>.&mdash;Comp.: heáh-, hilde-, meodu-setl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsettan">settan</a>, w. v., <i>to set</i>: pret. sg. setton sæ-mê&eth;e sîde
+scyldas ... wi&eth; &thorn;äs recedes weall (<i>the sea-wearied ones set their
+broad shields against the wall of the hall</i>), <a href="#li325">325</a>; so, <a href="#li1243">1243</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-settan, <i>to set, place, appoint</i>: pret. pl. hie him â-setton
+segen [gyl]-denne heáh ofer heáfod, <a href="#li47">47</a>; pret. part. häfde kyninga
+wuldor Grendle tô-geánes ... sele-weard â-seted, <a href="#li668">668</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-settan, <i>to set with, surround</i>: pret. sg. (helm) besette
+swîn-lîcum (<i>set the helm with swine-bodies</i>), <a href="#li1454">1454</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-settan: 1) <i>to set, set down</i>: pret. part. swâ wäs ...&thorn;urh
+rûn-stafas rihte ge-mearcod, ge-seted and ge-sæd (<i>thus was ... in
+rune-staves rightly marked, set down and said</i>), <a href="#li1697">1697</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+set, ordain, create</i>: pret. sg. ge-sette ... sunnan and mônan leóman
+tô leóhte land-bûendum, <a href="#li94">94</a>.&mdash;3) = componere, <i>to lay aside, smooth
+over, appease</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät he mid &thorn;ý wîfe
+wäl-fæh&eth;a ... dæl ... ge-sette, <a href="#li2030">2030</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsêcan">sêcan</a>, w. v., <i>to follow after</i>, hence: 1) <i>to seek,
+strive for</i>, w. acc.: pret. sg. sinc-fät sôhte <i>(sought the
+costly cup</i>), <a href="#li2301">2301</a>; ne sôhte searo-nî&eth;as, <a href="#li2739">2739</a>; so, <a href="#li3068">3068</a>. Without
+acc.: &thorn;onne his myne sôhte (<i>than his wish demanded</i>), <a href="#li2573">2573</a>;
+hord-weard sôhte georne äfter grunde (<i>the hoard-warden sought
+eagerly along the ground</i>), <a href="#li2294">2294</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to look for, come</i> or
+<i>go some whither, attain something</i>, w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se
+&thorn;e ... biorgas sêce&eth;, <a href="#li2273">2273</a>; subj. &thorn;eáh &thorn;e hæ&eth;-stapa holt-wudu sêce,
+<a href="#li1370">1370</a>; imper. sêc gif &thorn;u dyrre (<i>look for her</i>, i.e. Grendel's
+mother, <i>if thou dare</i>), <a href="#li1380">1380</a>; inf. sêcean, <a href="#li200">200</a>, <a href="#li268">268</a>, <a href="#li646">646</a>, <a href="#li1598">1598</a>,
+<a href="#li1870">1870</a>, <a href="#li1990">1990</a>, <a href="#li2514">2514</a>(?), <a href="#li3103">3103</a>, etc.; sêcan, <a href="#li665">665</a>, <a href="#li1451">1451</a>; drihten sêcean
+(<i>seek, go to, the Lord</i>), <a href="#li187">187</a>; sêcean wyn-leás wîc (<i>Grendel
+was to seek a joyless place</i>, i.e. Hell), <a href="#li822">822</a>; so, sêcan deófla
+gedräg, <a href="#li757">757</a>; sâwle sêcan (<i>seek the life, kill</i>), <a href="#li802">802</a>; so, sêcean
+sâwle hord, <a href="#li2423">2423</a>; gerund. säcce tô sêceanne, <a href="#li2563">2563</a>; pret. sg. I., III.
+sôhte, <a href="#li139">139</a>, <a href="#li208">208</a>, <a href="#li376">376</a>, <a href="#li417">417</a>, <a href="#li2224">2224</a>; II. sôhtest, <a href="#li458">458</a>; pl. sôhton,
+<a href="#li339">339</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to seek, attack</i>: &thorn;e ûs sêcea&eth; tô Sweóna leóde, <a href="#li3002">3002</a>;
+pret. pl. hine wräc-mäcgas ofer sæ sôhtan, <a href="#li2381">2381</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sêcan: 1) <i>to seek</i>, w. acc.: inf. gif he gesêcean dear wîg
+ofer wæpen, <a href="#li685">685</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to look for, come</i> or <i>go to
+attain</i>, w. acc.: inf. ge-sêcean, <a href="#li693">693</a>; gerund, tô ge-sêcanne, <a href="#li1923">1923</a>;
+pret. sg. ge-sôhte, <a href="#li463">463</a>, <a href="#li520">520</a>, <a href="#li718">718</a>, <a href="#li1952">1952</a>; pret. part. nom. pl.
+feor-cý&eth;&eth;e beó&eth; sêlran ge-sôhte &thorn;am &thorn;e hine selfa deáh, <a href="#li1840">1840</a>.&mdash;3)
+<i>to seek with hostile intent, to attack</i>: pres. sg. ge-sêce&eth;
+<a href="#li2516">2516</a>; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, <a href="#li2347">2347</a>; pl. ge-sôhton, <a href="#li2927">2927</a>; ge-sôhtan, <a href="#li2205">2205</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-sêcan, w. acc., <i>to surpass, outdo</i> (in an attack): pres.
+sg. wäs sió hond tô strong, se &thorn;e mêca gehwane ... swenge ofer-sôhte,
+&thorn;onne he tô säcce bär wæpen wundrum heard (<i>too strong was the hand,
+that surpassed every sword in stroke, when he</i> [Beówulf] <i>bore
+the wondrous weapon to battle</i>, i.e. the hand was too strong for
+any sword; its strength made it useless in battle), <a href="#li2687">2687</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsêl">sêl</a>, st. f. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsæl">sæl</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsêl">sêl, sæl</a>, adj., <i>good, excellent, fit</i>, only in compar.:
+nom. sg. m. sêlra, <a href="#li861">861</a>, <a href="#li2194">2194</a>; &thorn;æm &thorn;ær sêlra wäs (<i>to the one that
+was the better</i>, i.e. Hygelâc), <a href="#li2200">2200</a>; deá&eth; bi&eth; sêlla &thorn;onne
+edwît-lîf, <a href="#li2891">2891</a>; neut. sêlre, <a href="#li1385">1385</a>; acc. sg. m. sêlran &thorn;e (<i>a better
+than thee</i>), <a href="#li1851">1851</a>; sêlran, <a href="#li1198">1198</a>; neut. &thorn;ät sêlre, <a href="#li1760">1760</a>; dat. sg. m.
+sêlran sweord-frecan, <a href="#li1469">1469</a>; nom. pl. fem. sêlran, <a href="#li1840">1840</a>. Superl.,
+strong form: nom. sg. neut. sêlest, <a href="#li173">173</a>, <a href="#li1060">1060</a>; hûsa sêlest, <a href="#li146">146</a>, <a href="#li285">285</a>,
+<a href="#li936">936</a>; ôfost is sêlest, <a href="#li256">256</a>; bolda sêlest, <a href="#li2327">2327</a>; acc. sg. neut. hrägla
+sêlest, <a href="#li454">454</a>; hûsa sêlest, <a href="#li659">659</a>; billa sêlest, <a href="#li1145">1145</a>;&mdash;weak form: nom.
+sg. m. reced sêlesta, <a href="#li412">412</a>; acc. sg. m. &thorn;one sêlestan, <a href="#li1407">1407</a>, <a href="#li2383">2383</a>;
+(&thorn;äs, MS.), <a href="#li1957">1957</a>; dat. sg. m. &thorn;äm sêlestan, <a href="#li1686">1686</a>; nom. pl. sêlestan,
+<a href="#li416">416</a>; acc. pl. &thorn;â sêlestan, <a href="#li3123">3123</a>.</p>
+
+<p>sêl, compar. adv., <i>better, fitter, more excellent</i>, <a href="#li1013">1013</a>, <a href="#li2531">2531</a>;
+ne by&eth; him wihte &thorn;ê sêl (<i>he shall be nought the better for it</i>),
+<a href="#li2278">2278</a>; so, <a href="#li2688">2688</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsealma">sealma</a> (Frisian selma, in bed-selma), w. m., <i>bed-chamber,
+sleeping-place</i>: acc. sg. on sealman, <a href="#li2461">2461</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsealt">sealt</a>, adj., <i>salty</i>: acc. sg. neut. ofer sealt wäter
+(<i>the sea</i>), <a href="#li1990">1990</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearo">searo</a> (G. sarwa, pl.), st. n.: 1) <i>armor, accoutrements,
+war-gear</i>: nom. pl. sæ-manna searo, <a href="#li329">329</a>; dat. pl. secg on searwum
+(<i>a man, warrior, in panoply</i>), <a href="#li249">249</a>, <a href="#li2701">2701</a>; in (on) searwum, <a href="#li323">323</a>,
+<a href="#li1558">1558</a>; <a href="#li2531">2531</a>, <a href="#li2569">2569</a>; instr. pl. searwum, <a href="#li1814">1814</a>.&mdash;2) <i>insidiae,
+ambuscade, waylaying, deception, battle</i>: &thorn;â ic of searwum cwom,
+fâh from feóndum, <a href="#li419">419</a>.&mdash;3) <i>cunning, art, skill</i>: instr. pl.
+sadol searwum fâh (<i>saddle cunningly ornamented</i>), <a href="#li1039">1039</a>;
+earmbeága fela, searwum ge-sæled (<i>many cunningly-linked
+armlets</i>), <a href="#li2765">2765</a>.&mdash;Comp. fyrd-, gû&eth;-, inwit-searo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearobend">searo-bend</a>, st. f., <i>band, bond, of curious workmanship</i>:
+instr. pl. searo-bendum fäst, <a href="#li2087">2087</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearofâh">searo-fâh</a>, adj., <i>cunningly inlaid, ornamented, with
+gold</i>: nom. sg. here-byrne hondum ge-broden, sîd and searo-fâh,
+<a href="#li1445">1445</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearogethräc">searo-ge-&thorn;räc</a>, st. n., <i>heap of treasure-objects</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li3103">3103</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearogim">searo-gim</a>, st. m., <i>cunningly set gem, rich jewel</i>: acc.
+pl. searo-gimmas, <a href="#li2750">2750</a>; gen. pl. searo-gimma, <a href="#li1158">1158</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearogrim">searo-grim</a>, adj., <i>cunning and fierce</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li595">595</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearohäbbend">searo-häbbend</a>, pres. part. as subst., <i>arms-bearing, warrior
+with his trappings</i>: gen. pl. searo-häbbendra, <a href="#li237">237</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearonet">searo-net</a>, st. n., <i>armor-net, shirt of mail, corselet</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li406">406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearonîth">searo-nî&eth;</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>cunning hostility, plot, wiles</i>:
+acc. pl. searo-nî&eth;as, <a href="#li1201">1201</a>, <a href="#li2739">2739</a>.&mdash;2) also, only <i>hostility, feud,
+contest</i>: acc. pl. searo-nî&eth;as, <a href="#li3068">3068</a>; gen. pl. searo-nî&eth;a, <a href="#li582">582</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearothanc">searo-&thorn;anc</a>, st. m., <i>ingenuity</i>: instr. pl. searo-&thorn;oncum,
+<a href="#li776">776</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsearowundor">searo-wundor</a>, st. n., <i>rare wonder</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li921">921</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseax">seax</a>, st. n., <i>shortsword, hip-knife; dagger</i>: instr. sg.
+seaxe, <a href="#li1546">1546</a>.&mdash;Comp. wäl-seax.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseaxben">seax-ben</a>, st. f., <i>dagger-wound</i>: instr. pl. siex-bennum,
+<a href="#li2905">2905</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseofon">seofon</a>, num., <i>seven</i>, <a href="#li517">517</a>; seofan, <a href="#li2196">2196</a>; decl. acc.
+syfone, <a href="#li3123">3123</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseomian">seomian</a>, w. v.: 1) intrans., <i>to be tied; lie at rest</i>:
+inf. siomian, <a href="#li2768">2768</a>; pret. sg. seomode, <a href="#li302">302</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc., <i>to put in
+bonds, entrap, catch</i>: pret. sg. dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e seomade (cf.
+2086-<a href="#li2092">2092</a>, <a href="#li161">161</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseonu">seonu</a>, st. f., <i>sinew</i>: nom. pl. seonowe, <a href="#li818">818</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseóc">seóc</a>, adj., <i>feeble, weak; fatally ill</i>: nom. sg.
+feorh-bennum seóc (of Beówulf, <i>sick unto death</i>), <a href="#li2741">2741</a>;
+siex-bennum seóc (of the dead dragon), <a href="#li2905">2905</a>; nom. pl. môdes seóce
+(<i>sick of soul</i>), <a href="#li1604">1604</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ellen-, feorh-, hea&eth;o-seóc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseóthan">seó&eth;an</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to seethe, boil</i>; figuratively, <i>be
+excited over, brood</i>: pret. sg. ic &thorn;äs môd-ceare sorh-wylmum seá&eth; (<i>I
+pined in heart-grief for that</i>), <a href="#li1994">1994</a>; so, <a href="#li190">190</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseóloth">seólo&eth;</a>, st. m.?, <i>bight, bay</i> (cf. Dietrich in Haupt XI.
+416): gen. pl. sióle&eth;a bi-gong (<i>the realm of bights</i> = the
+[surface of the] sea?), <a href="#li2368">2368</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseón">seón, sýn</a>, st. f., <i>aspect, sight</i>: in comp. wlite-,
+wundor-seón, an-sýn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseón">seón</a>, st. v., <i>to see</i>: a) w. acc.: inf. searo-wunder
+seón, <a href="#li921">921</a>; so, <a href="#li387">387</a>, <a href="#li1181">1181</a>, <a href="#li1276">1276</a>, <a href="#li3103">3103</a>; &thorn;ær mäg nihta ge-hwæm nî&eth;-wundor
+seón (<i>there may every night be seen a repulsive marvel</i>), <a href="#li1366">1366</a>;
+pret. sg. ne seah ic ... heal-sittendra medudreám mâran, <a href="#li2015">2015</a>.&mdash;b) w.
+acc. and predicate adj.: ne seah ic el&thorn;eódige &thorn;us manige men
+môdiglîcran, <a href="#li336">336</a>.&mdash;c) w. prep. or adv.: pret. sg. seah on enta
+ge-weorc, <a href="#li2718">2718</a>; seah on un-leófe, <a href="#li2864">2864</a>; pl. folc tô sægon (<i>looked
+on</i>), <a href="#li1423">1423</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-seón, <i>to see, behold</i>: a) w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se &thorn;e beáh
+ge-syh&eth;, <a href="#li2042">2042</a>; inf. ge-seón, <a href="#li396">396</a>, <a href="#li571">571</a>, <a href="#li649">649</a>, <a href="#li962">962</a>, <a href="#li1079">1079</a>, etc.; pret. sg.
+geseah, <a href="#li247">247</a>, <a href="#li927">927</a>, <a href="#li1558">1558</a>, <a href="#li1614">1614</a>; pl. ge-sâwon, <a href="#li1606">1606</a>, <a href="#li2253">2253</a>.&mdash;b) w. acc.
+and predicate adj., pres. sg. III. ge-syh&eth; ... on his suna bûre win-sele
+wêstne (<i>sees in his son's house the wine-hall empty</i>; or,
+<i>hall of friends</i>?), <a href="#li2456">2456</a>.&mdash;c) w. inf.: pret. sg. ge-seah ... beran
+ofer bolcan beorhte randas (<i>saw shining shields borne over the
+gang-plank</i>), <a href="#li229">229</a>; pret. pl. mære mâ&eth;&eth;um-sweord monige ge-sâwon
+beforan beorn beran, <a href="#li1024">1024</a>.&mdash;d) w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg. ge-seah,
+<a href="#li729">729</a>, <a href="#li1517">1517</a>, <a href="#li1586">1586</a>, <a href="#li1663">1663</a>, <a href="#li2543">2543</a>, <a href="#li2605">2605</a>, etc.; pl. ge-sâwon, <a href="#li221">221</a>, <a href="#li1348">1348</a>,
+<a href="#li1426">1426</a>; ge-sêgan, <a href="#li3039">3039</a>; ge-sêgon, <a href="#li3129">3129</a>.&mdash;e) w. depend, clause: inf. mäg
+&thorn;onne ... geseón sunu Hrê&eth;les, &thorn;ät ic (<i>may the son of H. see that
+I...</i>), <a href="#li1486">1486</a>; pret. pl. ge-sâwon, <a href="#li1592">1592</a>.</p>
+
+<p>geond-seón, <i>to see, look through, over</i>, w. acc.: pret. sg. (ic)
+&thorn;ät eall geond-seh, <a href="#li3088">3088</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-seón, <i>to see clearly, plainly</i>: pret. pl. ofer-sâwon, <a href="#li419">419</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-seón, <i>to look on, at</i>, w. acc.: pret. pl. on-sâwon, <a href="#li1651">1651</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glseówian">seówian</a>, w. v., <i>to sew, put together, link</i>: pret. part.
+searo-net seówed smi&eth;es or-&thorn;ancum (<i>the corselet woven by the
+smith's craft</i>), <a href="#li406">406</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsib">sib</a>, st. f., <i>peace, friendship, relationship</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1165">1165</a>, <a href="#li1858">1858</a>; sibb, <a href="#li2601">2601</a>; acc. sibbe, <a href="#li950">950</a>, <a href="#li2432">2432</a>, <a href="#li2923">2923</a>; instr. sg. sibbe
+(<i>in peace</i>?), <a href="#li154">154</a>.&mdash;Comp.: dryht-, fri&eth;o-sib.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsibätheling">sib-ä&eth;eling</a>, st. m., <i>nobilis consanguineus, kindred
+prince</i> or <i>nobleman</i>: nom. pl. -ä&eth;elingas, <a href="#li2709">2709</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsibbegedryht">sibbe-gedryht</a>, st. f., <i>body of allied</i> or <i>related
+warriors</i>: acc. sg. sibbe-gedriht (the Danes), <a href="#li387">387</a>; (the Geátas),
+<a href="#li730">730</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsiththan">si&eth;&eth;an, sy&eth;&eth;an</a>: 1) adv.: a) <i>since, after, from now on,
+further</i>, <a href="#li142">142</a>, <a href="#li149">149</a>, <a href="#li283">283</a>, <a href="#li567">567</a>, <a href="#li1903">1903</a>, <a href="#li2052">2052</a>, <a href="#li2065">2065</a>, <a href="#li2176">2176</a>, <a href="#li2703">2703</a>, <a href="#li2807">2807</a>,
+<a href="#li2921">2921</a>; seo&eth;&eth;an, <a href="#li1876">1876</a>.&mdash;b) <i>then, thereupon, after</i>, <a href="#li470">470</a>, <a href="#li686">686</a>,
+<a href="#li1454">1454</a>, <a href="#li1557">1557</a>, <a href="#li1690">1690</a>, <a href="#li2208">2208</a>; seo&eth;&eth;an, <a href="#li1938">1938</a>; ær ne si&eth;&eth;an (<i>neither before
+nor after</i>), <a href="#li719">719</a>.</p>
+
+<p>2) Conj.: a) w. ind. pres., <i>as soon as, when</i>, <a href="#li413">413</a>, <a href="#li605">605</a>, <a href="#li1785">1785</a>,
+<a href="#li2889">2889</a>, <a href="#li2912">2912</a>.&mdash;b) w. ind. pret., <i>when, whilst</i>, <a href="#li835">835</a>, <a href="#li851">851</a>, <a href="#li1205">1205</a>,
+<a href="#li1207">1207</a>, <a href="#li1421">1421</a>, <a href="#li1590">1590</a>, <a href="#li2357">2357</a>, <a href="#li2961">2961</a>, <a href="#li2971">2971</a>, <a href="#li3128">3128</a>; seo&eth;&eth;an,
+<a href="#li1776">1776</a>;&mdash;<i>since</i>, <a href="#li649">649</a>, <a href="#li657">657</a>, <a href="#li983">983</a>, <a href="#li1199">1199</a>, <a href="#li1254">1254</a>, <a href="#li1309">1309</a>,
+<a href="#li2202">2202</a>;&mdash;<i>after</i>, either with pluperf.: si&eth;&eth;an him scyppend
+forscrifen häfde (<i>after the Creator had proscribed him</i>), <a href="#li106">106</a>;
+so, <a href="#li1473">1473</a>; or with pret. = pluperf.: sy&eth;&eth;an niht becom (<i>after night
+had come on</i>), <a href="#li115">115</a>; so, <a href="#li6">6</a>, <a href="#li132">132</a>, <a href="#li723">723</a>, <a href="#li887">887</a>, <a href="#li902">902</a>, <a href="#li1078">1078</a>, <a href="#li1149">1149</a>, <a href="#li1236">1236</a>,
+<a href="#li1262">1262</a>, <a href="#li1282">1282</a>, <a href="#li1979">1979</a>, <a href="#li2013">2013</a>, <a href="#li2125">2125</a>; or pret. and pluperf. together,
+<a href="#li2104">2104-2105</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsiex">siex</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glseax">seax</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigedryhten">sige-dryhten</a>, st. m., <i>lord of victory, victorious lord</i>:
+nom. sg. sige-drihten, <a href="#li391">391</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigeeádig">sige-eádig</a>, adj., <i>blest with victory, victorious</i>: acc.
+sg. neut. sige-eádig bil, <a href="#li1558">1558</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigefolc">sige-folc</a>, st. n., <i>victorious people, troop</i>: gen. pl.
+sige-folca, <a href="#li645">645</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigehrêth">sige-hrê&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>confidence of victory</i>(?): acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li490">490</a>. See <a href="#note489">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigehrêthig">sige-hrê&eth;ig</a>, adj., <i>victorious</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li94">94</a>, <a href="#li1598">1598</a>, <a href="#li2757">2757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigehwîl">sige-hwîl</a>, st. f., <i>hour</i> or <i>day of victory</i>: gen.
+sg. sige-hwîle, <a href="#li2711">2711</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigeleás">sige-leás</a>, adj., <i>devoid of victory, defeated</i>: acc. sg.
+sige-leásne sang, <a href="#li788">788</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigerôf">sige-rôf</a>, adj., <i>victorious</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li620">620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigetheód">sige-&thorn;eód</a>, st. f., <i>victorious warrior troop</i>: dat. sg. on
+sige-&thorn;eóde, <a href="#li2205">2205</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigewæpen">sige-wæpen</a>, st. n., <i>victor-weapon, sword</i>: dat. pl.
+sige-wæpnum, <a href="#li805">805</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigl">sigl</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>sun</i>: nom. sg. sigel, <a href="#li1967">1967</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>sun-shaped ornament</i>: acc. pl. siglu, <a href="#li3165">3165</a>; sigle (bracteates of
+a necklace), <a href="#li1201">1201</a>; gen. pl. sigla, <a href="#li1158">1158</a>.&mdash;Comp. mâ&eth;&eth;um-sigl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigor">sigor</a>, st. m., <i>victory</i>: gen. sg. sigores, <a href="#li1022">1022</a>; gen. pl.
+sigora, <a href="#li2876">2876</a>, <a href="#li3056">3056</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hrê&eth;-, wîg-sigor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigoreádig">sigor-eádig</a>, adj., <i>victorious</i>: nom. sg. sigor-eádig secg
+(of Beówulf), <a href="#li1312">1312</a>, <a href="#li2353">2353</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsin">sin</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsyn">syn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinc">sinc</a>, st. n., <i>treasure, jewel, property</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2765">2765</a>;
+acc. sg. sinc, <a href="#li81">81</a>, <a href="#li1205">1205</a>, <a href="#li1486">1486</a>, <a href="#li2384">2384</a>, <a href="#li2432">2432</a>; instr. sg. since, <a href="#li1039">1039</a>,
+<a href="#li1451">1451</a>, <a href="#li1616">1616</a>, <a href="#li1883">1883</a>, <a href="#li2218">2218</a>, <a href="#li2747">2747</a>; gen. sg. sinces, <a href="#li608">608</a>, <a href="#li1171">1171</a>, <a href="#li1923">1923</a>, <a href="#li2072">2072</a>;
+gen. pl. sinca, <a href="#li2429">2429</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincfâh">sinc-fâh</a>, adj., <i>treasure-decked</i>: acc. sg. neut. weak
+form, sinc-fâge sel, <a href="#li167">167</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincfät">sinc-fät</a>, st. n., <i>costly vessel</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2232">2232</a>,
+<a href="#li2301">2301</a>;&mdash;<i>a costly object</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1201">1201</a> (i.e. mene); acc. pl.
+sinc-fato, <a href="#li623">623</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincgestreón">sinc-ge-streón</a>, st. n., <i>precious treasure, jewel of value
+</i>: instr. pl. -gestreónum, <a href="#li1093">1093</a>; gen. pl. -gestreóna, <a href="#li1227">1227</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincgifa">sinc-gifa</a>, w. m., <i>jewel-giver, treasure-giver = prince,
+ruler</i>: acc. sg. sinc-gyfan, <a href="#li1013">1013</a>; dat. sg. sinc-gifan (of
+Beówulf), <a href="#li2312">2312</a>; (of Äschere), <a href="#li1343">1343</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincmâththum">sinc-mâ&eth;&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>treasure</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2194">2194</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsincthego">sinc-&thorn;ego</a>, f., <i>acceptance, taking, of jewels</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2885">2885</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsindolh">sin-dolh</a>, st. n., <i>perpetual</i>, i.e. incurable,
+<i>wound</i>: nom. sg. syn-dolh, <a href="#li818">818</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinfreá">sin-freá</a>, w. m., <i>wedded lord, husband</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1935">1935</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsingal">sin-gal</a>, adj., <i>continual, lasting</i>: acc. sg. fem,
+sin-gale säce, <a href="#li154">154</a>.</p>
+
+<p>sin-gales, adv. gen. sg., <i>continually, ever</i>, <a href="#li1778">1778</a>; syngales,
+<a href="#li1136">1136</a>.</p>
+
+<p>singala, adv. gen. pl., the same, <a href="#li190">190</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsingan">singan</a>, st. v., <i>to sound, ring, sing</i>: pret. sg.
+hring-îren scîr song in searwum (<i>the ringed iron rang in the
+armor</i>), <a href="#li323">323</a>; horn stundum song fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leó&eth; (<i>at times
+the horn rang forth a ready battle-song</i>), <a href="#li1424">1424</a>; scôp hwîlum sang
+(<i>the singer sang at whiles</i>), <a href="#li496">496</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-singan, <i>to sing out, sing to an end</i>: pret. part. leó&eth; wäs
+â-sungen, <a href="#li1160">1160</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinhere">sin-here</a>, st. m., (<i>army without end</i>?), <i>strong army,
+host</i>: instr. sg. sin-herge, <a href="#li2937">2937</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinniht">sin-niht</a>, st. f., <i>perpetual night, night after night</i>:
+acc. pl. sin-nihte (<i>night after night</i>), <a href="#li161">161</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinsceatha">sin-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>irreconcilable foe</i>: nom. sg.
+syn-sca&eth;a, <a href="#li708">708</a>; acc. sg. syn-sca&eth;an, <a href="#li802">802</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsinsnæd">sin-snæd</a>, st. f., (<i>continuous biting</i>) <i>bite after
+bite</i>: dat. pl. syn-snædum swealh (<i>swallowed bite after bite, in
+great bites</i>), <a href="#li744">744</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsittan">sittan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to sit</i>: pres. sg. Wîglâf site&eth; ofer
+Biówulfe, <a href="#li2907">2907</a>; imper. sg. site nu tô symle, <a href="#li489">489</a>; inf. &thorn;ær swî&eth;-ferh&eth;e
+sittan eodon (<i>whither the strong-minded went and sat</i>), <a href="#li493">493</a>;
+eode ... tô hire freán sittan (<i>went to sit by her lord</i>), <a href="#li642">642</a>;
+pret. sg. on wicge sät (<i>sat on the horse</i>), <a href="#li286">286</a>; ät fôtum sät
+(<i>sat at the feet</i>), <a href="#li500">500</a>, <a href="#li1167">1167</a>; &thorn;ær Hrô&eth;gâr sät (<i>where H.
+sat</i>), <a href="#li356">356</a>; so, <a href="#li1191">1191</a>, <a href="#li2895">2895</a>; he gewêrgad sät ... freán eaxlum neáh,
+<a href="#li2854">2854</a>; pret. pl. sæton, <a href="#li1165">1165</a>; gistas sêtan (MS. sêcan) ... and on mere
+staredon (<i>the strangers sat and stared on the sea</i>), <a href="#li1603">1603</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to be in a certain state</i> or <i>condition</i> (<i>quasi</i>
+copula): pret. sg. mære &thorn;eóden ... unblî&eth;e sät, <a href="#li130">130</a>.&mdash;Comp.: flet-,
+heal-sittend.</p>
+
+<p>be-sittan, obsidere, <i>to surround, besiege</i>, w. acc.: besät &thorn;â
+sin-herge sweorda lâfe wundum wêrge (<i>then besieged he with a host
+the leavings of the sword, wound-weary</i>), <a href="#li2937">2937</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-sittan, obstrui, <i>to pass away, fail</i>: pres. sg. eágena
+bearhtm for-site&eth; (<i>the light of the eyes passeth away</i>), <a href="#li1768">1768</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sittan: 1) <i>to sit, sit together</i>: pret. sg. monig-oft ge-sät
+rîce to rûne (<i>very often sat the king deliberating with his
+council</i> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glrîce">rîce</a>), <a href="#li171">171</a>; wi&eth; earm ge-sät (<i>supported
+himself upon his arm, sat on his arm</i>?), <a href="#li750">750</a>; fê&eth;a eal ge-sät
+(<i>the whole troop sat down</i>), <a href="#li1425">1425</a>; ge-sät &thorn;â wi&eth; sylfne (<i>sat
+there beside, near to, him</i>, i.e. Hygelâc), <a href="#li1978">1978</a>;</p>
+
+<p>ge-sät &thorn;â on nässe, <a href="#li2418">2418</a>; so, <a href="#li2718">2718</a>; pret. part. (sy&eth;&eth;an) ... we tô
+symble ge-seten häfdon, <a href="#li2105">2105</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc., <i>to seat one's self
+upon</i> or <i>in something, to board</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â ic ... sæ-bât
+ge-sät, <a href="#li634">634</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-sittan, w. acc., <i>to sit over</i> or <i>upon</i>: pret. sg.
+of-sät &thorn;â &thorn;one sele-gyst, <a href="#li1546">1546</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-sittan, w. acc., <i>to dispense with, refrain from</i> (cf.
+<a class="glentry" href="#glofer">ofer</a>, 2 [c]): pres. sg. I. &thorn;ät ic wi&eth; &thorn;one gû&eth;-flogan gylp
+ofer-sitte, <a href="#li2529">2529</a>; inf. secge ofer-sittan, <a href="#li685">685</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-sittan (O.H.G. int-sizzan, <i>to start from one's seat, to be
+startled</i>), w. acc., <i>to fear</i>: inf. &thorn;â fæh&eth;e, atole ecg-&thorn;räce
+eówer leóde sîw&eth;e onsittan <i>to dread the hostility, the fierce
+contest, of your people</i>, <a href="#li598">598</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymb-sittan, <i>to sit around</i>, w. acc.: pret. pl. (&thorn;ät hie) ...
+symbel ymb-sæton (<i>sat round the feast</i>), <a href="#li564">564</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glymbsittend">ymb-sittend</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîd">sîd</a>, adj.: 1) <i>wide, broad, spacious, large</i>: nom. sg.
+(here-byrne, glôf) sîd, <a href="#li1445">1445</a>, <a href="#li2087">2087</a>; acc. sg. m. sîdne scyld, <a href="#li437">437</a>; on
+sîdne sæ, <a href="#li507">507</a>; fem. byrnan sîde (of a corselet extending over the
+legs), <a href="#li1292">1292</a>; ofer sæ sîde, <a href="#li2395">2395</a>; neut. sîde rîce, <a href="#li1734">1734</a>, <a href="#li2200">2200</a>; instr.
+sg. sîdan herge, <a href="#li2348">2348</a>; acc. pl. sîde sæ-nässas, <a href="#li223">223</a>; sîde scyldas,
+<a href="#li325">325</a>; gen. pl. sîdra sorga (<i>of great sorrows</i>), <a href="#li149">149</a>.&mdash;2) in
+moral sense, <i>great, noble</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;urh sîdne sefan, <a href="#li1727">1727</a>.</p>
+
+<p>side, adv., <i>far and wide, afar</i>, <a href="#li1224">1224</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîdfäthme">sîd-fä&eth;me</a>, adj., <i>broad-bosomed</i>: acc. sg. sîd-fä&eth;me scip,
+<a href="#li1918">1918</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîdfäthmed">sîd-fä&eth;med</a>, <i>quasi</i> pret. part., the same: nom. sg.
+sîd-fä&eth;med scip, <a href="#li302">302</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîdrand">sîd-rand</a>, st. m., <i>broad shield</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1290">1290</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîth">sî&eth;</a> (G. se&thorn;u-s), adj., <i>late</i>: superl. nom. sg. sî&eth;ast
+sige-hwîle (<i>the last hour, day, of victory</i>), <a href="#li2711">2711</a>; dat. sg. ät
+sî&eth;estan (<i>in the end, at last</i>), <a href="#li3014">3014</a>.</p>
+
+<p>sî&eth;, adv. compar., <i>later</i>: ær and sî&eth; (<i>sooner and later,
+early and late</i>), <a href="#li2501">2501</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîth">sî&eth;</a> (G. sin&thorn;-s), st. m.: l) <i>road, way, journey,
+expedition</i>; esp., <i>road to battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li501">501</a>, <a href="#li3059">3059</a>,
+<a href="#li3090">3090</a>; näs &thorn;ät ê&eth;e sî&eth; (<i>that was no easy road, task</i>), <a href="#li2587">2587</a>; so,
+&thorn;ät wäs geócor sî&eth;, <a href="#li766">766</a>; acc. sg. sî&eth;, <a href="#li353">353</a>, <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li909">909</a>, <a href="#li1279">1279</a>, <a href="#li1430">1430</a>,
+<a href="#li1967">1967</a>; instr. dat. sî&eth;e, <a href="#li532">532</a>, <a href="#li1952">1952</a>, <a href="#li1994">1994</a>; gen. sg. sî&eth;es, <a href="#li579">579</a>, <a href="#li1476">1476</a>,
+<a href="#li1795">1795</a>, <a href="#li1909">1909</a>. Also, <i>return</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1972">1972</a>.&mdash;2) <i>undertaking,
+enterprise</i>; esp., <i>battle-work</i>: nom. sg. nis &thorn;ät eówer sî&eth;,
+<a href="#li2533">2533</a>; ne bi&eth; swylc earges sî&eth; (<i>such is no coward's enterprise</i>),
+<a href="#li2542">2542</a>; acc. sg. sî&eth;, <a href="#li873">873</a>. In pl.= <i>adventures</i>: nom. sî&eth;as, <a href="#li1987">1987</a>;
+acc. sî&eth;as, <a href="#li878">878</a>; gen. sî&eth;a, <a href="#li318">318</a>.&mdash;3) time (as iterative): nom. sg.
+näs &thorn;ät forma sî&eth; (<i>that was not the first time</i>), <a href="#li717">717</a>, <a href="#li1464">1464</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1528">1528</a>, <a href="#li2626">2626</a>; acc. sg. oftor micle &thorn;onne on ænne sî&eth;, <a href="#li1580">1580</a>; instr. sg.
+(forman, ô&eth;re, &thorn;riddan) sî&eth;e, <a href="#li741">741</a>, <a href="#li1204">1204</a>, <a href="#li2050">2050</a>, <a href="#li2287">2287</a>, <a href="#li2512">2512</a>, <a href="#li2518">2518</a>, <a href="#li2671">2671</a>,
+<a href="#li2689">2689</a>, <a href="#li3102">3102</a>.&mdash;Comp.: cear-, eft-, ellor-, gryre-, sæ-, wil-, wræc-sî&eth;.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sî&eth;, st. m., <i>comrade, follower</i>: gen. sg. ge-sî&eth;es, <a href="#li1298">1298</a>;
+nom. pl. ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li29">29</a>; acc. pl. ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li2041">2041</a>, <a href="#li2519">2519</a>; dat. pl.
+ge-sî&eth;um, <a href="#li1314">1314</a>, <a href="#li1925">1925</a>, <a href="#li2633">2633</a>; gen. pl. ge-sî&eth;a, <a href="#li1935">1935</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eald-,
+wil-gesî&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîthfät">sî&eth;-fät</a>, st. m., <i>way, journey</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;one sî&eth;-fät,
+<a href="#li202">202</a>; dat. sg. sî&eth;-fate, <a href="#li2640">2640</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîthfram">sî&eth;-fram, -from</a>, adj., <i>ready for the journey</i>: nom. pl.
+sî&eth;-frome, <a href="#li1814">1814</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîthian">sî&eth;ian</a>, w. v., <i>to journey, march</i>: inf., <a href="#li721">721</a>, <a href="#li809">809</a>; pret.
+sg. sî&eth;ode, <a href="#li2120">2120</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-sî&eth;ian, <i>iter fatale inire</i> (Grein): pret. sg. häfde &thorn;â
+for-sî&eth;od sunu Ecg-&thorn;eówes under gynne grund <i>(would have found his
+death</i>, etc.), <a href="#li1551">1551</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîe">sîe, sý</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwesan">wesan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîgan">sîgan</a>, st. v., <i>to descend, sink, incline</i>: pret. pl.
+sigon ät-somne (<i>descended together</i>), <a href="#li307">307</a>; sigon &thorn;â tô slæpe
+<i>(they sank to sleep</i>), <a href="#li1252">1252</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sîgan, <i>to sink, fall</i>: inf. ge-sîgan ät säcce (<i>fall in
+battle</i>), <a href="#li2660">2660</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsîn">sîn</a>, poss. pron., <i>his</i>: acc. sg. m. sînne, <a href="#li1961">1961</a>, <a href="#li1985">1985</a>,
+<a href="#li2284">2284</a>, <a href="#li2790">2790</a>; dat. sg. sînum, <a href="#li1508">1508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslæp">slæp</a>, st. m., <i>sleep</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1743">1743</a>; dat. sg. tô slæpe,
+<a href="#li1252">1252</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslæpan">slæpan</a>, st. v., <i>to sleep</i>: pres. part. nom. sg.
+slæpende, <a href="#li2220">2220</a>; acc. sg. he gefêng ... slæpendne rinc (<i>seized a
+sleeping warrior]</i>, <a href="#li742">742</a>; acc. pl. slæpende frät folces Denigea
+fîftyne men <i>(devoured, sleeping, fifteen of the people of the
+Danes</i>), <a href="#li1582">1582</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsleac">sleac</a>, adj., <i>slack, lazy</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2188">2188</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsleahan">sleahan, sleán</a>: 1) <i>to strike, strike at</i>: a) intrans.:
+pres. subj. sg. &thorn;ät he me ongeán sleá (<i>that he should strike at
+me</i>), <a href="#li682">682</a>; pret. sg. yrringa slôh (<i>struck angrily</i>), <a href="#li1566">1566</a>;
+so, slôh hilde-bille, <a href="#li2680">2680</a>. b) trans.: pret. sg. &thorn;ät he &thorn;one nî&eth;-gäst
+nio&eth;or hwêne slôh <i>(that he struck the dragon somewhat lower</i>,
+etc.), <a href="#li2700">2700</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc.: <i>to slay, kill</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;äs &thorn;e he
+Abel slôg (<i>because he slew A.</i>), <a href="#li108">108</a>; so, slôg, <a href="#li421">421</a>, <a href="#li2180">2180</a>; slôh,
+<a href="#li1582">1582</a>, <a href="#li2356">2356</a>; pl. slôgon, <a href="#li2051">2051</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs Fin slägen, <a href="#li1153">1153</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sleán, w. acc.: 1) <i>to fight a battle</i>: pret. sg. ge-slôh &thorn;în
+fäder fæh&eth;e mæste, <a href="#li459">459</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to gain by fighting</i>: sy&eth;&eth;an hie &thorn;â
+mær&eth;a ge-slôgon, <a href="#li2997">2997</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-sleán, <i>to ofslay, kill</i>, w. acc.: pret. sg. of-slôh, <a href="#li574">574</a>,
+<a href="#li1666">1666</a>, <a href="#li3061">3061</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslîthe">slî&eth;e</a> (G. slei&thorn;-s), adj., <i>savage, fierce, dangerous</i>: acc.
+sg. &thorn;urh slî&eth;ne nî&eth;, <a href="#li184">184</a>; gen. pl. slî&eth;ra ge-slyhta, <a href="#li2399">2399</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslîthen">slî&eth;en</a>, adj., <i>furious, savage, deadly</i> nom. sg.
+sweord-bealo slî&eth;en, <a href="#li1148">1148</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslîtan">slîtan</a>, st. v., <i>to slit, tear to pieces</i>, w. acc.: pret.
+sg. slât (slæpendne rinc), <a href="#li742">742</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glslyht">slyht</a>, st. m., <i>blow</i>: in comp. and-slyht.</p>
+
+<p>ge-slyht, st. n. (collective), <i>battle, conflict</i>: gen. pl.
+slî&eth;ra ge-slyhta, <a href="#li2399">2399</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsmith">smi&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>smith, armorer</i>: nom. sg. wæpna smi&eth;, <a href="#li1453">1453</a>;
+gen. sg. smi&eth;es, <a href="#li406">406</a>.&mdash;Comp. wundor-smi&eth;.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbesmithian">smi&eth;ian</a>, w. v., <i>to surround with iron-work, bands</i>,
+etc.: pret. part. he (the hall Heorot) &thorn;äs fäste wäs innan and ûtan
+îren-bendum searo-&thorn;oncum besmi&eth;od (i.e. the beams out of which the
+hall was built were held together skilfully, within and without, by
+iron clamps), <a href="#li776">776</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnell">snell</a>, adj., <i>fresh, vigorous, lively; of martial temper</i>:
+nom. sg. se snella, <a href="#li2972">2972</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnellîc">snellîc</a>, adj., the same: nom. sg., <a href="#li691">691</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnotor">snotor, snottor</a>, adj., <i>clever, wise, intelligent</i>: nom.
+sg. snotor, <a href="#li190">190</a>, <a href="#li827">827</a>, <a href="#li909">909</a>, <a href="#li1385">1385</a>; in weak form, (se) snottra, <a href="#li1314">1314</a>,
+<a href="#li1476">1476</a>, <a href="#li1787">1787</a>; snotra, <a href="#li2157">2157</a>, <a href="#li3121">3121</a>; nom. pl. snotere, <a href="#li202">202</a>, <a href="#li416">416</a>; snottre,
+<a href="#li1592">1592</a>.&mdash;Comp. fore-snotor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnotorlîce">snotor-lîce</a>, adv., <i>intelligently, wisely</i>: compar.
+snotor-lîcor, <a href="#li1483">1483</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnûde">snûde</a>, adv., <i>hastily, quickly, soon</i>, <a href="#li905">905</a>, <a href="#li1870">1870</a>, <a href="#li1972">1972</a>,
+<a href="#li2326">2326</a>, <a href="#li2569">2569</a>, <a href="#li2753">2753</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbesnythian">sny&eth;ian</a>, w. v., <i>to rob, deprive of</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ätte
+Ongen&thorn;ió ealdre be-sny&eth;ede Hæ&eth;cyn, <a href="#li2925">2925</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnyrian">snyrian</a>, w. v., <i>to hasten, hurry</i>: pret. pl. snyredon
+ät-somne (<i>hurried forward together</i>), <a href="#li402">402</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsnyttru">snyttru</a>, f., <i>intelligence, wisdom</i>: acc. sg. snyttru,
+<a href="#li1727">1727</a>; dat. pl. mid môdes snyttrum, <a href="#li1707">1707</a>; &thorn;e we ealle ær ne meahton
+snyttrum be-syrwan (<i>a deed which all of us together could not
+accomplish before with all our wisdom</i>), <a href="#li943">943</a>. Adv., <i>wisely</i>,
+<a href="#li873">873</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsomne">somne</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsamne">samne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorgian">sorgian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to be grieved, sorrow</i>: imper. sg. II.
+ne sorga! <a href="#li1385">1385</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to care for, trouble one's self about</i>: inf.
+nô &thorn;u ymb mînes ne &thorn;earft lîces feorme leng sorgian (<i>thou needst
+not care longer about my life's [body's] sustenance</i>), <a href="#li451">451</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorh">sorh</a>, st. f., <i>grief, pain, sorrow</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1323">1323</a>; sorh
+is me tô secganne (<i>pains me to say</i>), <a href="#li473">473</a>; acc. sg. sorge, <a href="#li119">119</a>,
+<a href="#li2464">2464</a>; dat. instr. sg. mid &thorn;ære sorge, <a href="#li2469">2469</a>; sorge (<i>in sorrow,
+grieved</i>), <a href="#li1150">1150</a>; gen. sg. worna fela ... sorge, <a href="#li2005">2005</a>; dat. pl.
+sorgum, <a href="#li2601">2601</a>; gen. pl. sorga, <a href="#li149">149</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hyge-, inwit-, &thorn;egn-sorh.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorhcearig">sorh-cearig</a>, adj., <i>curis sollicitus, heart-broken</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2456">2456</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorhful">sorh-ful</a>, adj., <i>sorrowful, troublesome, difficult</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2120">2120</a>; acc. sg. sorh-fullne (sorh-fulne) sî&eth;, <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li1279">1279</a>, <a href="#li1430">1430</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorhleás">sorh-leás</a>, adj., <i>free from sorrow</i> or <i>grief</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1673">1673</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorhleoth">sorh-leo&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>dirge, song of sorrow</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2461">2461</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsorhwylm">sorh-wylm</a>, st. m., <i>wave of sorrow</i> nom. pl. sorh-wylmas,
+<a href="#li905">905</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôcn">sôcn</a>, st. f., <i>persecution, hostile pursuit</i> or
+<i>attack</i> (see sêcan): dat, (instr.) &thorn;ære sôcne (by reason of
+Grendel's persecution), <a href="#li1778">1778</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôth">sô&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>sooth, truth</i>:: acc. sg. sô&eth;, <a href="#li532">532</a>, <a href="#li701">701</a>,
+<a href="#li1050">1050</a>, <a href="#li1701">1701</a>, <a href="#li2865">2865</a>; dat. sg. tô sô&eth;e (<i>in truth</i>), <a href="#li51">51</a>, <a href="#li591">591</a>, <a href="#li2326">2326</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôth">sô&eth;</a>, adj., <i>true, genuine</i>: nom. sg, &thorn;ät is sô&eth; metod,
+<a href="#li1612">1612</a>; acc. sg. n. gyd âwräc sô&eth; and sâr-lîc, <a href="#li2110">2110</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôthe">sô&eth;e</a>, adv., <i>truly, correctly, accurately</i>, <a href="#li524">524</a>; sô&eth;e
+gebunden (of alliterative verse: <i>accurately put together</i>), <a href="#li872">872</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôthcyning">sô&eth;-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>true king</i>: nom. sg. sigora
+sô&eth;-cyning (<i>God</i>), <a href="#li3056">3056</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôthfäst">sô&eth;-fäst</a>, adj., <i>soothfast, established in truth,
+orthodox</i> (here used of the Christian martyrs): gen. pl. sô&eth;-fästra
+dôm (<i>glory, realm, of the saints</i>), <a href="#li2821">2821</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôthlîce">sô&eth;-lîce</a>, adv., <i>in truth, truly, truthfully</i>, <a href="#li141">141</a>, <a href="#li273">273</a>,
+<a href="#li2900">2900</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôfte">sôfte</a>, adv., <i>gently, softly</i>: compar. &thorn;ý sêft (<i>the
+more easily</i>), <a href="#li2750">2750</a>.&mdash;Comp. un-sôfte.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsôna">sôna</a>, adv., <i>soon, immediately</i>, <a href="#li121">121</a>, <a href="#li722">722</a>, <a href="#li744">744</a>, <a href="#li751">751</a>, <a href="#li1281">1281</a>,
+<a href="#li1498">1498</a>, <a href="#li1592">1592</a>, <a href="#li1619">1619</a>, <a href="#li1763">1763</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glonspannan">spannan</a>, st. v., <i>to un-span, unloose</i>: pret. sg. his helm
+on-speón (<i>loosed his helm</i>), <a href="#li2724">2724</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspel">spel</a>, st. n., <i>narrative, speech</i>: acc. sg. spell, <a href="#li2110">2110</a>;
+acc. pl. spel, <a href="#li874">874</a>; gen. pl. spella, <a href="#li2899">2899</a>, <a href="#li3030">3030</a>.&mdash;Comp. weá-spel.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspêd">spêd</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>luck, success</i>: in comp. here-,
+wîg-spêd.&mdash;2) <i>skill, facility</i>: acc. sg. on spêd
+(<i>skilfully</i>), <a href="#li874">874</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspîwan">spîwan</a>, st. v., <i>to spit, spew</i>, w. instr.: inf. glêdum
+spîwan (<i>spit fire</i>), 2313</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspor">spor</a>, st. n., <i>spur</i>: in comp. hand-spor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspôwan">spôwan</a>, st. v., <i>to speed well, help, avail</i>: pret. sg.
+him wiht ne speów (<i>availed him naught</i>), <a href="#li2855">2855</a>; hû him ät æte
+speów (<i>how he sped in the eating</i>), <a href="#li3027">3027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspræc">spræc</a>, st. f., <i>speech, language</i>: instr. sg. frêcnan
+spræce (<i>through bold, challenging, discourse</i>), <a href="#li1105">1105</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+æfen-, gylp-spræc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsprecan">sprecan</a>, st. v., <i>to speak</i>: inf. ic sceal for&eth; sprecan
+gen ymbe Grendel <i>(I shall go on speaking about G.</i>), <a href="#li2070">2070</a>; w.
+acc. se &thorn;e wyle sô&eth; sprecan (<i>he who will speak the truth</i>),
+<a href="#li2865">2865</a>; imper. tô Geátum sprec (spræc, MS.), <a href="#li1172">1172</a>; pret. sg. III. spräc,
+<a href="#li1169">1169</a>, <a href="#li1699">1699</a>, <a href="#li2511">2511</a>, <a href="#li2725">2725</a>; word äfter spräc, <a href="#li341">341</a>; nô ymbe &thorn;â fæh&eth;e spräc,
+<a href="#li2619">2619</a>; II. hwät &thorn;u worn fela ... ymb Brecan spræce (<i>how much thou
+hast spoken of Breca!</i>), <a href="#li531">531</a>; pl. hwät wit geó spræcon (<i>what we
+two spoke of before</i>), <a href="#li1477">1477</a>; gomele ymb gôdne on-geador spræcon,
+&thorn;ät big ... <i>(the graybeards spoke together about the valiant one,
+that they ...</i>), <a href="#li1596">1596</a>; swâ wit fur&eth;um spræcon (<i>as we two spoke,
+engaged, before</i>), <a href="#li1708">1708</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs ... &thorn;ry&eth;-word sprecen,
+<a href="#li644">644</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sprecan, w. acc., <i>to speak</i>: pret. sg. ge-spräc, <a href="#li676">676</a>, <a href="#li1399">1399</a>,
+<a href="#li1467">1467</a>, <a href="#li3095">3095</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspreót">spreót</a>, st. m., <i>pole; spear, pike</i>: in comp.
+eofor-spreót.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glspringan">springan</a>, st. v., <i>to jump, leap; flash</i>: pret. sg. hrâ
+wîde sprong <i>(the body bounded far</i>), <a href="#li1589">1589</a>; swât ædrum sprong
+for&eth; under fexe (<i>the blood burst out in streams from under his
+hair</i>), <a href="#li2967">2967</a>; pl. wîde sprungon hilde-leóman (<i>flashed afar</i>),
+<a href="#li2583">2583</a>. Also figuratively: blæd wîde sprang (<i>his repute spread
+afar</i>), <a href="#li18">18</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-springan, <i>to spring forth</i>: pret. sg. swâ &thorn;ät blôd ge-sprang
+(<i>as the blood burst forth</i>), <a href="#li1668">1668</a>. Figuratively, <i>to arise,
+originate</i>: pret. sg. Sigemunde gesprong äfter deá&eth;-däge dôm
+un-lytel, <a href="#li885">885</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-springan, <i>to burst in two, spring asunder</i>: pret. pl. seonowe
+onsprungon, burston bânlocan <a href="#li818">818</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstandan">standan</a>, st. v.: 1) absolutely or with prep., <i>to stand</i>:
+pres. III. pl. eóred-geatwe &thorn;e ge &thorn;ær on standa&eth; (<i>the warlike
+accoutrements wherein ye there stand</i>), <a href="#li2867">2867</a>; inf. ge-seah ...
+orcas stondan (<i>saw vessels standing</i>), <a href="#li2761">2761</a>; pret. sg. ät hý&eth;e
+stôd hringed-stefna (<i>in the harbor stood the curved-prowed?,
+metal-covered?, ship</i>), <a href="#li32">32</a>; stôd on stapole (<i>stood near the
+[middle] column</i>), <a href="#li927">927</a>; so, <a href="#li1914">1914</a>, <a href="#li2546">2546</a>; &thorn;ät him on aldre stôd
+here-stræl hearda (<i>that the sharp war-arrow stood in his
+vitals</i>), <a href="#li1435">1435</a>; so, <a href="#li2680">2680</a>; pl. gâras stôdon ... samod ät-gädere
+(<i>the spears stood together</i>), <a href="#li328">328</a>; him big stôdan bunan and
+orcas (<i>by him stood cans and pots</i>), <a href="#li3048">3048</a>. Also of still water:
+pres. sg. III. nis &thorn;ät feor heonon ... &thorn;ät se mere stande&eth;, <a href="#li1363">1363</a>.&mdash;2)
+with predicate adj., <i>to stand, continue in a certain state</i>:
+subj. pres. &thorn;ät &thorn;es sele stande ... rinca ge-hwylcum îdel and unnyt
+(<i>that this hall stands empty and useless for every warrior</i>),
+<a href="#li411">411</a>; inf. hord-wynne fand eald uht-scea&eth;a opene standan, <a href="#li2272">2272</a>; pret.
+sg. ô&eth; &thorn;ät îdel stôd hûsa sêlest, <a href="#li145">145</a>; so, <a href="#li936">936</a>; wäter under stôd
+dreórig and ge-drêfed, 1418&mdash;3) <i>to belong</i> or <i>attach to;
+issue</i>: pret. sg. Nor&eth;-Denum stôd atelîc egesa (<i>great terror
+clung to, overcame, the North Danes</i>), <a href="#li784">784</a>; &thorn;âra ânum stôd sadol
+searwum fâh (<i>on one of the steeds lay an ingeniously-inlaid
+saddle</i>), <a href="#li1038">1038</a>; byrne-leóma eldum on andan (<i>burning light stood
+forth, a horror to men</i>), <a href="#li2314">2314</a>; leóht inne stôd (<i>a light stood
+in it</i>, i.e. the sword), <a href="#li1571">1571</a>; him of eágum stôd ... leóht unfäger
+(<i>an uncanny light issued from his eyes</i>), <a href="#li727">727</a>; so, &thorn;ät [fram]
+&thorn;am gyste [gryre-] brôga stôd, <a href="#li2229">2229</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-standan, <i>to stand up, arise</i>: pret. sg. â-stôd, <a href="#li760">760</a>, <a href="#li1557">1557</a>,
+<a href="#li2093">2093</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-standan, <i>to stand at, near</i>, or <i>in</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät hit
+(i.e. &thorn;ät swurd) on wealle ät-stôd, <a href="#li892">892</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-standan, <i>to stand against</i> or <i>before</i>, hence: 1) <i>to
+hinder, prevent</i>: pret. sg. (breóst-net) wi&eth; ord and wi&eth; ecge in-gang
+for-stôd (<i>the shirt of mail prevented point or edge from entering</i>),
+<a href="#li1550">1550</a>; subj. nefne him witig god wyrd for-stôde (<i>if the wise God had not
+warded off such a fate from them</i>, i.e. the men threatened by Grendel),
+<a href="#li1057">1057</a>.&mdash;2) <i>defend</i>, w. dat. of person against whom: inf. &thorn;ät he ...
+mihte heá&eth;o-lî&eth;endum hord for-standan, bearn and brýde (<i>that he might
+protect his treasure, his children, and his spouse from the
+sea-farers</i>), <a href="#li2956">2956</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-standan, intrans., <i>to stand</i>: pret. sg. ge-stôd, <a href="#li358">358</a>, <a href="#li404">404</a>,
+<a href="#li2567">2567</a>; pl. nealles him on heápe hand-gesteallan ... ymbe gestôdon
+(<i>not at all did his boon-companions stand serried around him</i>),
+<a href="#li2597">2597</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstapa">stapa</a>, w. m., <i>stepper, strider</i>: in comp. hæ&eth;-,
+mearc-stapa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstapan">stapan</a>, st. v., <i>to step, stride, go forward</i>: pret. sg.
+eorl fur&eth;ur stôp, <a href="#li762">762</a>; gum-fê&eth;a stop lind-häbbendra (<i>the troop of
+shield-warriors strode on</i>), <a href="#li1402">1402</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-stapan, <i>to stride up</i> or <i>to</i>: pret. sg. for&eth; neár
+ät-stôp (<i>strode up nearer</i>), <a href="#li746">746</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-stapan, <i>to walk, stride</i>: pret. sg. he to for&eth; gestôp dyrnan
+cräfte, dracan heáfde neáh (<i>he</i>, i.e. the man that robbed the
+dragon of the vessel, <i>had through hidden craft come too near the
+dragon's head</i>), <a href="#li2290">2290</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstapol">stapol</a>, st. m., (= &beta;&#x3AC;&sigma;&iota;&sigmaf;), <i>trunk of a tree</i>;
+hence, <i>support, pillar, column</i>: dat. sg. stôd on stapole
+(<i>stood by</i> or <i>near the wooden middle column of Heorot</i>),
+<a href="#li927">927</a>; instr. pl. &thorn;â stân-bogan stapulum fäste (<i>the arches of stone
+upheld by pillars</i>), <a href="#li2719">2719</a>. See <a href="#note927">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstarian">starian</a>, w. v., <i>to stare, look intently at</i>: pres. sg. I.
+&thorn;ät ic on &thorn;one hafelan ... eágum starige (<i>that I see the head with
+my eyes</i>), <a href="#li1782">1782</a>; &thorn;âra frätwa ... &thorn;e ic her on starie (<i>for the
+treasures ... that I here look upon</i>), <a href="#li2797">2797</a>; III. &thorn;onne he on &thorn;ät
+sine stara&eth;, <a href="#li1486">1486</a>; sg. for pl. &thorn;âra &thorn;e on swylc stara&eth;, <a href="#li997">997</a>; pret. sg.
+&thorn;ät (sin-freá) hire an däges eágum starede, <a href="#li1936">1936</a>; pl. on mere
+staredon, <a href="#li1604">1604</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstân">stân</a>, st. m., 1) <i>stone</i>: in comp. eorclan-stân.&mdash;2)
+<i>rock</i>: acc. sg. under (ofer) hârne stân, <a href="#li888">888</a>, <a href="#li1416">1416</a>, <a href="#li2554">2554</a>, <a href="#li2745">2745</a>;
+dat. sg. stâne, <a href="#li2289">2289</a>, <a href="#li2558">2558</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstânbeorh">stân-beorh</a>, st. m., <i>rocky elevation, stony mountain</i>:
+acc. sg. stân-beorh steápne, <a href="#li2214">2214</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstânboga">stân-boga</a>, w. m., <i>stone arch, arch hewn out of the rock</i>: dat.
+sg. stân-bogan, <a href="#li2546">2546</a>; nom. pl. stân-bogan, <a href="#li2719">2719</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstânclif">stân-clif</a>, st. n., <i>rocky cliff</i>: acc. pl. stân-cleofu, <a href="#li2541">2541</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstânfâh">stân-fâh</a>, adj., <i>stone-laid, paved with stones of different
+colors</i>: nom. sg. stræt wäs stân-fâh (<i>the street was of different
+colored stones</i>), <a href="#li320">320</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstânhlith">stân-hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>rocky slope</i>: acc. pl. stân-hli&eth;o, <a href="#li1410">1410</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstäf">stäf</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>staff</i>: in comp. rûn-staf.&mdash;2)
+<i>elementum</i>: in comp. âr-, ende-, fâcen-stäf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstäl">stäl</a>, st. m., <i>place, stead</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;ät &thorn;u me â wære
+for&eth;-gewitenum on fäder stäle (<i>that thou, if I died, wouldst
+represent a father's place to me</i>), <a href="#li1480">1480</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstælan">stælan</a>, w. v., <i>to place; allure</i> or <i>instigate</i>:
+inf. &thorn;â ic on morgne ge-frägn mæg ô&eth;erne billes ecgum on bonan stælan
+<i>(then I learned that on the morrow one brother instigated the other
+to murder with the sword's edge</i>; or, <i>one avenged the other on
+the murderer</i>?, cf. <a href="#li2962">2962</a> seqq.), <a href="#li2486">2486</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-stælan, <i>to place, impose, institute</i>: pret. part. ge feor
+hafa&eth; fæh&eth;e ge-stæled (<i>Grendel's mother has further begun
+hostilities against us</i>), <a href="#li1341">1341</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstede">stede</a>, st. m., <i>place, -stead</i>: in comp. bæl-, burh-,
+folc-, heáh-, me&eth;el-, wang-, wîc-stede.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstefn">stefn</a>, st. f., <i>voice</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2553">2553</a>; instr. sg. niwan
+(niówan) stefne (properly novâ voce) = denuo, <i>anew, again</i>,
+<a href="#li2595">2595</a>, <a href="#li1790">1790</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstefn">stefn</a>, st. m., <i>prow of a ship</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li213">213</a>; see
+bunden-, hringed-, wunden-stefna.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonstellan">on-stellan</a>, w. v., <i>constituere, to cause, bring about</i>:
+pret. sg. se &thorn;äs or-leges ôr on-stealde, <a href="#li2408">2408</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsteng">steng</a>, st. m., <i>pole, pike</i>: in comp wäl-steng.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesteppan">steppan</a>, w. v., <i>to stride, go</i>: pret. sg. folce
+ge-stepte ofer sæ sîde sunu Ôhtheres (<i>O.'s son</i>, i.e. Eádgils,
+<i>went with warriors over the broad sea</i>), <a href="#li2394">2394</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstede">stede</a> (O.H.G. stâti, M.H.G. stæte), adj., <i>firm, steady</i>:
+nom. sg. wäs stêde nägla ge-hwylc stýle ge-lîcost (<i>each nail-place
+was firm as steel</i>), <a href="#li986">986</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstêpan">stêpan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to exalt, honor</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;eáh
+&thorn;e hine mihtig god ... eafe&eth;um stêpte, <a href="#li1718">1718</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesteald">steald</a>, st. n., <i>possessions, property</i>: in comp.
+in-gesteald, <a href="#li1156">1156</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgestealla">stealla</a>, w. m., (contubernalis), <i>companion, comrade</i>:
+in comp. eaxl-, fyrd-, hand-, lind-, nýd-ge-stealla.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstearcheort">stearc-heort</a>, adj., (fortis animo), <i>stout-hearted,
+courageous</i>: nom. sg. (of the dragon), <a href="#li2289">2289</a>; (of Beówulf), <a href="#li2553">2553</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsteáp">steáp</a>, adj., <i>steep, projecting, towering</i>: acc. sg.
+steápne hrôf, <a href="#li927">927</a>; stân-beorh steápne, <a href="#li2214">2214</a>; wi&eth; steápne rond, <a href="#li2567">2567</a>;
+acc. pl. m. beorgas steápe, <a href="#li222">222</a>; neut. steáp stân-hli&eth;o, <a href="#li1410">1410</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+hea&eth;o-steáp.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstille">stille</a>, adj., <i>still, quiet</i>: nom. sg. wîd-floga wundum
+stille, <a href="#li2831">2831</a>.</p>
+
+<p>stille, adv., <i>quietly</i>, <a href="#li301">301</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstincan">stincan</a>, st. v., <i>to smell; snuff</i>: pret. sg. stonc &thorn;â
+äfter stâne (<i>snuffed along the stone</i>), <a href="#li2289">2289</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstîth">stî&eth;</a>, adj., <i>hard, stiff</i>: nom. sg. wunden-mæl (swurd) ...
+stî&eth; and stýlecg, <a href="#li1534">1534</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstîthmôd">stî&eth;-môd</a>, adj., <i>stout-hearted, unflinching</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2567">2567</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstîg">stîg</a>, st. m., <i>way, path</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li320">320</a>, <a href="#li2214">2214</a>; acc. pl.
+stîge nearwe, 1410&mdash;Comp. medu-stîg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstîgan">stîgan</a>, st. v., <i>to go, ascend</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â he tô holme
+[st]âg (<i>when he plunged forward into the sea</i>), <a href="#li2363">2363</a>; pl.
+beornas ... on stefn stigon, <a href="#li212">212</a>; Wedera leóde on wang stigon, <a href="#li225">225</a>;
+subj. pret. ær he on bed stige, <a href="#li677">677</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-stîgan, <i>to ascend</i>: pres. sg. &thorn;onon ý&eth;-geblond up â-stîge&eth; won
+tô wolcnum, <a href="#li1374">1374</a>; gû&eth;-rinc â-stâh (<i>the fierce hero ascended</i>,
+i.e. was laid on the pyre? or, <i>the fierce smoke</i> [rêc]
+<i>ascended?</i>), <a href="#li1119">1119</a>; gamen eft â-stâh (<i>joy again went up,
+resounded</i>), <a href="#li1161">1161</a>; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of swio&eth;ole, <a href="#li3145">3145</a>; swêg
+up â-stâg, <a href="#li783">783</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-stîgan, <i>to ascend, go up</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â ic on holm ge-stâh,
+<a href="#li633">633</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstorm">storm</a>, st. m., <i>storm</i>: nom. sg. stræla storm (<i>storm of
+missiles</i>), <a href="#li3118">3118</a>; instr. sg. holm storme weól (<i>the sea billowed
+stormily</i>), <a href="#li1132">1132</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstôl">stôl</a>, st. m., <i>chair, throne, seat</i>: in comp. brego-,
+ê&eth;el-, gif-, gum-stôl.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstôw">stôw</a>, st. f., <i>place, -stow</i>: nom. sg. nis &thorn;ät heóru stôw
+(<i>a haunted spot</i>), <a href="#li1373">1373</a>; acc. sg. frêcne stôwe, <a href="#li1379">1379</a>;
+grund-bûendra gearwe stôwe <i>(the place prepared for men</i>, i.e.
+death-bed; see <a class="glentry" href="#glgesacan">gesacan</a> and <a class="glentry" href="#glgenýdan">ge-nýdan</a>), <a href="#li1007">1007</a>: comp.
+wäl-stow.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrang">strang, strong</a>, adj., <i>strong; valiant; mighty</i>: nom. sg.
+wäs &thorn;ät ge-win tô strang (<i>that sorrow was too great</i>), <a href="#li133">133</a>; &thorn;u
+eart mägenes strang (<i>strong of body</i>), <a href="#li1845">1845</a>; wäs sió hond tô
+strong (<i>the hand was too powerful</i>), <a href="#li2685">2685</a>; superl. wîgena
+strengest (<i>strongest of warriors</i>), <a href="#li1544">1544</a>; mägenes strengest
+(<i>strongest in might</i>), <a href="#li196">196</a>; mägene strengest, <a href="#li790">790</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrâdan">strâdan</a>? (cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glstræde">stræde</a> = passus, gressus), <i>to
+tread</i>, (be)-<i>stride, stride over</i> (Grein): subj. pres. se
+&thorn;one wong strâde, <a href="#li3074">3074</a>. See <a href="#note3074">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstræl">stræl</a>, st. m., <i>arrow, missile</i>: instr. sg. biteran
+stræle, <a href="#li1747">1747</a>; gen. pl. stræla storm, <a href="#li3118">3118</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstræt">stræt</a>, st. f., <i>street, highway</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li320">320</a>; acc. sg.
+stræte, <a href="#li1635">1635</a>; fealwe stræte, <a href="#li917">917</a>.&mdash;Comp.: lagu-, mere-stræt.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrengel">strengel</a>, st. m., (<i>endowed with strength</i>), <i>ruler,
+chief</i>: acc. sg. wîgena strengel, <a href="#li3116">3116</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrengo">strengo</a>, st. f., <i>strength, power, violence</i>: acc. sg.
+mägenes strenge, <a href="#li1271">1271</a>; dat. sg. strenge, <a href="#li1534">1534</a>; strengo, <a href="#li2541">2541</a>;&mdash;dat.
+pl. strengum = <i>violently, powerfully</i> [<i>loosed from the
+strings</i>?], <a href="#li3118">3118</a>: in comp. hilde-, mägen-, mere-strengo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrêgan">strêgan</a> (O.S. strôwian), w. v., <i>to strew, spread</i>: pret.
+part, wäs &thorn;äm yldestan ... mor&eth;orbed strêd (<i>the death-bed was
+spread for the eldest one</i>), <a href="#li2437">2437</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstreám">streám</a>, st. m., <i>stream, flood, sea</i>: acc. sg. streám,
+<a href="#li2546">2546</a>; nom. pl. streámas, <a href="#li212">212</a>; acc. pl. streámas, <a href="#li1262">1262</a>: comp. brim-,
+eágor-, firgen-, lagu-streám.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgestreón">streón</a> (cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glstreón">streón</a> = robur, vis), st. n.,
+<i>property, possessions</i>; hence, <i>valuables, treasure,
+jewels</i>: nom. pl. Hea&eth;o-beardna ge-streón (<i>the costly treasure
+of the Heathobeardas</i>, i.e. the accoutrements belonging to the
+slain H.), <a href="#li2038">2038</a>; acc. pl. ä&eth;elinga, eorla ge-streón, <a href="#li1921">1921</a>,
+<a href="#li3168">3168</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ær-, eald-, eorl-, heáh-, hord-, long-, mâ&eth;m-, sinc-,
+&thorn;eód-ge-streón.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstrûdan">strûdan</a>, st. v., <i>to plunder, carry off</i>: subj. pres. näs
+&thorn;â on hlytme hwâ &thorn;ät hord strude, <a href="#li3127">3127</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgestrýnan">strýnan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to acquire, gain</i>: inf. &thorn;äs &thorn;e
+(<i>because</i>) ic môste mînum leódum ... swylc ge-strýnan, <a href="#li2799">2799</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstund">stund</a>, st. f., <i>time, space of time, while</i>: adv. dat. pl.
+stundum (<i>at times</i>), <a href="#li1424">1424</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstyrian">styrian</a>, w. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to arrange, put in order,
+tell</i>: inf. secg eft on-gan sî&eth; Beówulfes snyttrum styrian (<i>the
+poet then began to tell B.'s feat skilfully</i>, i.e. put in poetic
+form), <a href="#li873">873</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to rouse, stir up</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;onne wind
+styre&eth; lâ&eth; ge-widru (<i>when the wind stirreth up the loathly
+weather</i>), <a href="#li1375">1375</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to move against, attack, disturb</i>: subj.
+pres. &thorn;ät he ... hring-sele hondum styrede (<i>that he should attack the
+ring-hall with his hands</i>), <a href="#li2841">2841</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstyrman">styrman</a>, w. v., <i>to rage, cry out</i>: pret. sg. styrmde,
+<a href="#li2553">2553</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstýle">stýle</a>, st. n., <i>steel</i>: dat. sg. stýle, <a href="#li986">986</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glstýlecg">stýl-ecg</a>, adj., <i>steel-edged</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1534">1534</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbestýman">stýman</a>, w. v., <i>to inundate, wet, flood</i>: pret. part.
+(wæron) eal benc-&thorn;elu blôde be-stýmed, <a href="#li486">486</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsuhtorgefäderan">suhtor-ge-fäderan</a> (collective), w. m. pl., <i>uncle and nephew,
+father's brother and brother's son</i>: nom. pl., <a href="#li1165">1165</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsum">sum</a>, pron.: 1) indef., <i>one, a, any, a certain</i>; neut.
+<i>something</i>: a) without part. gen.: nom. sg. sum, <a href="#li1252">1252</a>;
+hilde-rinc sum, <a href="#li3125">3125</a>; neut. ne sceal &thorn;ær dyrne sum wesan (<i>naught
+there shall be hidden</i>), <a href="#li271">271</a>; acc. sg. m. sumne, <a href="#li1433">1433</a>; instr. sg.
+sume worde (<i>by a word, expressly</i>), <a href="#li2157">2157</a>; nom. pl. sume, <a href="#li400">400</a>,
+<a href="#li1114">1114</a>; acc. pl. sume, <a href="#li2941">2941</a>. b) with part. gen.: nom. sg. gumena sum
+(<i>one of men, a man</i>), <a href="#li1500">1500</a>, <a href="#li2302">2302</a>; mere-hrägla sum, <a href="#li1906">1906</a>; &thorn;ät wäs
+wundra sum, <a href="#li1608">1608</a>; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, <a href="#li676">676</a>. c) with gen. of
+cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fîftena sum (<i>one of
+fifteen, with fourteen companions</i>), <a href="#li207">207</a>; so, eahta sum, <a href="#li3124">3124</a>;
+feára sum (<i>one of few, with a few</i>), <a href="#li1413">1413</a>; acc. sg. manigra
+sumne (<i>one of many, with many</i>), <a href="#li2092">2092</a>; manna cynnes sumne
+(<i>one of the men</i>), i.e. one of the watchmen in Heorot), <a href="#li714">714</a>;
+feára sumne (<i>some few, one of few</i>; or, <i>one of the
+foes</i>?), <a href="#li3062">3062</a>.&mdash;2) with part. gen. sum sometimes = <i>this, that,
+the afore-mentioned</i>: nom. sg. eówer sum (<i>a certain one, that
+one, of you</i>, i.e. Beówulf), <a href="#li248">248</a>; gû&eth;-beorna sum (<i>the
+afore-mentioned warrior</i>, i.e. who had shown the way to Hrô&eth;gâr's
+palace), <a href="#li314">314</a>; eorla sum (<i>the said knight</i>, i.e. Beówulf), <a href="#li1313">1313</a>;
+acc. sg. hord-ärna sum (<i>a certain hoard-hall</i>), <a href="#li2280">2280</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsund">sund</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>swimming</i>: acc. sg. ymb sund, <a href="#li507">507</a>; dat.
+sg. ät sunde (<i>in swimming</i>), <a href="#li517">517</a>; on sunde (<i>a-swimming</i>),
+<a href="#li1619">1619</a>; gen. sg. sundes, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>.&mdash;2) <i>sea, ocean, sound</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li223">223</a>; acc. sg. sund, <a href="#li213">213</a>, <a href="#li512">512</a>, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li1427">1427</a>, <a href="#li1445">1445</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesund">sund</a>, adj., <i>sound, healthy, unimpaired</i>: acc. sg. m.
+ge-sundne, <a href="#li1629">1629</a>, <a href="#li1999">1999</a>; nom. pl. ge-sunde, <a href="#li2076">2076</a>; acc. pl. w. gen. fäder
+alwalda ... eówic ge-healde sî&eth;a ge-sunde (<i>the almighty Father keep
+you safe and sound on your journey!</i>), <a href="#li318">318</a>.&mdash;Comp. an-sund.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsundgebland">sund-ge-bland</a>, st. n., (<i>the commingled sea</i>),
+<i>sea-surge, sea-wave</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1451">1451</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsundnyt">sund-nyt</a>, st. f., <i>swimming-power</i> or <i>employment,
+swimming</i>: acc. sg. sund-nytte dreáh (<i>swam through the sea</i>),
+<a href="#li2361">2361</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsundur">sundur, sundor</a>, adv., <i>asunder, in twain</i>: sundur gedælan
+(<i>to separate, sunder</i>), <a href="#li2423">2423</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsundornyt">sundor-nyt</a>, st. f., <i>special service</i> (service in a
+special case): acc. sg. sundor-nytte, <a href="#li668">668</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsundwudu">sund-wudu</a>, st. m., (<i>sea-wood</i>), <i>ship</i>: nom. acc.
+sg. sund-wudu, <a href="#li208">208</a>, <a href="#li1907">1907</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsunne">sunne</a>, w. f., <i>sun</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li607">607</a>; gen. sg. sunnan, <a href="#li94">94</a>,
+<a href="#li649">649</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsunu">sunu</a>, st. m., <i>son</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li524">524</a>, <a href="#li591">591</a>, <a href="#li646">646</a>, <a href="#li981">981</a>, <a href="#li1090">1090</a>,
+<a href="#li1486">1486</a>, etc.; acc. sg. sunu, <a href="#li268">268</a>, <a href="#li948">948</a>, <a href="#li1116">1116</a>, <a href="#li1176">1176</a>, <a href="#li1809">1809</a>, <a href="#li2014">2014</a>, <a href="#li2120">2120</a>;
+dat. sg. suna, <a href="#li344">344</a>, <a href="#li1227">1227</a>, <a href="#li2026">2026</a>, <a href="#li2161">2161</a>, <a href="#li2730">2730</a>; gen. sg. suna, <a href="#li2456">2456</a>, <a href="#li2613">2613</a>,
+(<a href="#li1279">1279</a>); nom. pl. suna, <a href="#li2381">2381</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsûth">sû&eth;</a>, adv., <i>south, southward</i>, <a href="#li859">859</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsûthan">sû&eth;an</a>, adv., <i>from the south</i>, <a href="#li607">607</a>; sigel sû&eth;an fûs
+(<i>the sun inclined from the south</i>), <a href="#li1967">1967</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswathrian">swa&eth;rian</a>, w. v., <i>to sink to rest, grow calm</i>: brimu
+swa&eth;redon (<i>the waves became calm</i>), <a href="#li570">570</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glswethrian">swe&eth;rian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswathu">swa&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>trace, track, pathway</i>: acc. sg. swa&eth;e,
+<a href="#li2099">2099</a>.&mdash;Comp.: swât-, wald-swa&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswathul">swa&eth;ul</a>, st. m.? n.?, <i>smoke, mist</i> (Dietrich in Haupt V.
+215): dat. sg. on swa&eth;ule, <a href="#li783">783</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsweothol">sweo&eth;ol</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswancor">swancor</a>, adj., <i>slender, trim</i>: acc. pl. &thorn;rió wicg
+swancor, <a href="#li2176">2176</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswanrâd">swan-râd</a>, st. f., <i>swan-road, sea</i>: acc. sg. ofer
+swan-râde, <a href="#li200">200</a>.</p>
+
+<p>and-<a class="glentry" name="glandswarian">swarian</a>, w. v., <i>to answer</i>: pret. sg. him se yldesta
+and-swarode, <a href="#li258">258</a>; so, <a href="#li340">340</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswâ">swâ</a>: 1) demons, adv., <i>so, in such a manner, thus</i>: swâ sceal
+man dôn, <a href="#li1173">1173</a>, <a href="#li1535">1535</a>; swâ &thorn;â driht-guman dreámum lifdon, <a href="#li99">99</a>; &thorn;ät ge-äfndon
+swâ (<i>that we thus accomplished</i>), <a href="#li538">538</a>; &thorn;ær hie meahton (i.e. feorh
+ealgian), <a href="#li798">798</a>; so, <a href="#li20">20</a>, <a href="#li144">144</a>, <a href="#li189">189</a>, <a href="#li559">559</a>, <a href="#li763">763</a>, <a href="#li1104">1104</a>, <a href="#li1472">1472</a>, <a href="#li1770">1770</a>, <a href="#li2058">2058</a>, <a href="#li2145">2145</a>,
+<a href="#li2178">2178</a>, <a href="#li2991">2991</a>; swâ manlîce <i>(so like a man</i>), <a href="#li1047">1047</a>; swâ fela (<i>so
+many</i>), <a href="#li164">164</a>, <a href="#li592">592</a>; swâ deórlîce dæd (<i>so valiant a deed</i>), <a href="#li585">585</a>; hine
+swâ gôdne (<i>him so good</i>), <a href="#li347">347</a>; on swâ geongum feore (<i>in so
+youthful age</i>), <a href="#li1844">1844</a>; ge-dê&eth; him swâ ge-wealdene worolde dælas &thorn;ät ...
+(<i>makes parts of the world so subject to him that</i>...), <a href="#li1733">1733</a>. In
+comparisons = <i>ever, the</i> (adv.): me &thorn;în môd-sefa lîca&eth; leng swâ wel
+(<i>thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the better</i>), <a href="#li1855">1855</a>. As
+an asseverative = <i>so</i>: swâ me Higelâc sîe ... môdes blî&eth;e (<i>so be
+Higelac gracious-minded to me!</i>), <a href="#li435">435</a>; swâ &thorn;eáh (<i>nevertheless,
+however</i>), <a href="#li973">973</a>, <a href="#li1930">1930</a>, <a href="#li2879">2879</a>; swâ &thorn;êh, <a href="#li2968">2968</a>; hwä&eth;re swâ &thorn;eáh (<i>yet
+however</i>), <a href="#li2443">2443</a>.&mdash;2): a) conj., <i>as, so as</i>: ô&eth; &thorn;ät his byre mihte
+eorlscipe efnan swâ his ærfäder (<i>until his son might do noble deeds, as
+his old father did</i>), <a href="#li2623">2623</a>; eft swâ ær (<i>again as before</i>),
+<a href="#li643">643</a>;&mdash;with indic.: swâ he selfa bäd (<i>as he himself requested</i>), <a href="#li29">29</a>;
+swâ he oft dyde (<i>as he often did</i>), <a href="#li444">444</a>; gæ&eth; â Wyrd swâ hió sceal,
+<a href="#li455">455</a>; swâ guman gefrungon, <a href="#li667">667</a>; so, <a href="#li273">273</a>, <a href="#li352">352</a>, <a href="#li401">401</a>, <a href="#li561">561</a>, <a href="#li1049">1049</a>, <a href="#li1056">1056</a>, <a href="#li1059">1059</a>,
+<a href="#li1135">1135</a>, <a href="#li1232">1232</a>, <a href="#li1235">1235</a>, <a href="#li1239">1239</a>, <a href="#li1253">1253</a>, <a href="#li1382">1382</a>, etc.;&mdash;with subj.: swâ &thorn;în sefa hwette
+<i>(as pleases thy mind</i>, i.e. any way thou pleasest), <a href="#li490">490</a>. b) <i>as, as
+then, how</i>, <a href="#li1143">1143</a>; swâ hie â wæron ... nýd-gesteallan (<i>as they were ever
+comrades in need</i>), <a href="#li882">882</a>; swâ hit diópe ... be-nemdon &thorn;eódnas mære (<i>as,
+[how?] the mighty princes had deeply cursed it</i>), <a href="#li3070">3070</a>; swâ he manna wäs
+wîgend weor&eth;fullost (<i>as he of men the worthiest warrior was</i>), <a href="#li3099">3099</a>.
+c) <i>just as, the moment when</i>: swâ &thorn;ät blôd gesprang, <a href="#li1668">1668</a>. d) <i>so
+that</i>: swâ he ne mihte nô (<i>so that he might not...</i>), <a href="#li1509">1509</a>; so,
+<a href="#li2185">2185</a>, <a href="#li2007">2007</a>.&mdash;3) = qui, quae, quod, German so: worhte wlite-beorhtne wang
+swâ wäter bebûge&eth; (<i>wrought the beauteous plain which</i> (acc.) <i>water
+surrounds</i>), <a href="#li93">93</a>.&mdash;4) swâ ... swâ = <i>so ... as</i>, <a href="#li595">595</a>, <a href="#li687">687-8</a>, <a href="#li3170">3170</a>; efne
+swâ ... swâ (<i>even so ... as</i>), <a href="#li1093">1093-4</a>, <a href="#li1224">1224</a>, <a href="#li1284">1284</a>; efne swâ hwylc mäg&eth;a
+swâ (<i>such a woman as, whatsoever woman</i>), <a href="#li944">944</a>; efne swâ hwylcum manna
+swâ (<i>even so to each man as</i>), <a href="#li3058">3058</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-<a class="glentry" name="glforswâfan">swâfan</a>, st. v., <i>to carry away, sweep off</i>: pret. sg.
+ealle Wyrd for-sweóf mîne mâgas tô metod-sceafte, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-<a class="glentry" name="glforswâpan">swâpan</a>, st. v., <i>to sweep off, force</i>: pret. sg. hie
+Wyrd forsweóp on Grendles gryre, <a href="#li477">477</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswât">swât</a>, st. m., (<i>sweat</i>), <i>wound-blood</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2694">2694</a>, <a href="#li2967">2967</a>; instr. sg. swâte, <a href="#li1287">1287</a>.&mdash;Comp. hea&eth;o-, hilde-swât.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswâtfâh">swât-fâh</a>, adj., <i>blood-stained</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1112">1112</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswâtig">swâtig</a>, adj., <i>gory</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1570">1570</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswâtswathu">swât-swa&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>blood-trace</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2947">2947</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbeswælan">swælan</a>, w. v., <i>to scorch</i>: pret. part. wäs se
+lêg-draca ... glêdum beswæled, <a href="#li3042">3042</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswæs">swæs</a>, adj., <i>intimate, special, dear</i>: acc. sg. swæsne
+ê&eth;el, <a href="#li520">520</a>; nom. pl. swæse ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li29">29</a>; acc. pl. leóde swæse, <a href="#li1869">1869</a>;
+swæse ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li2041">2041</a>; gen. pl. swæsra ge-sî&eth;a, <a href="#li1935">1935</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswæslîce">swæs-lîce</a>, adv., <i>pleasantly, in a friendly manner</i>, <a href="#li3090">3090</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswebban">swebban</a>, w. v., (<i>to put to sleep</i>), <i>to kill</i>: inf.
+ic hine sweorde swebban nelle, <a href="#li680">680</a>; pres. sg. III. (absolutely)
+swefe&eth;, <a href="#li601">601</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-swebban, <i>to kill, slay</i>: pret. part. nom. pl. sweordum
+â-swefede, <a href="#li567">567</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswethrian">swe&eth;rian</a>, w. v., <i>to lessen, diminish</i>: inf. &thorn;ät &thorn;ät fyr
+ongan swe&eth;rian, <a href="#li2703">2703</a>; pret. si&eth;&eth;an Heremôdes hild swe&eth;rode, <a href="#li902">902</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswefan">swefan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to sleep</i>: pres. sg. III. swefe&eth;,
+<a href="#li1742">1742</a>; inf. swefan, <a href="#li119">119</a>, <a href="#li730">730</a>, <a href="#li1673">1673</a>; pret. sg. swäf, <a href="#li1801">1801</a>; pl. swæfon,
+<a href="#li704">704</a>; swæfun, <a href="#li1281">1281</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to sleep the death-sleep, die</i>: pres. sg.
+III. swefe&eth;, <a href="#li1009">1009</a>, <a href="#li2061">2061</a>, <a href="#li2747">2747</a>; pl. swefa&eth;, <a href="#li2257">2257</a>, <a href="#li2458">2458</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswegel">swegel</a>, st. n., <i>ether, clear sky</i>: dat. sg. under swegle,
+<a href="#li1079">1079</a>, <a href="#li1198">1198</a>; gen. sg. under swegles begong, <a href="#li861">861</a>, <a href="#li1774">1774</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswegle">swegle</a>, adj., <i>bright, etherlike, clear</i>: acc. pl. swegle
+searo-gimmas, <a href="#li2750">2750</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswegelwered">swegel-wered</a>, <i>quasi</i> pret. part., <i>ether-clad</i>: nom.
+sg. sunne swegl-wered, <a href="#li607">607</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswelgan">swelgan</a>, st. v., <i>to swallow</i>: pret. sg. w. instr.
+syn-snædum swealh (<i>swallowed in great bites</i>), <a href="#li744">744</a>; object
+omitted, subj. pres. nym&eth;e lîges fä&eth;m swulge on swa&eth;ule, <a href="#li783">783</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-swelgan, w. acc., <i>to swallow, consume</i>: pret. sg.
+for-swealg, <a href="#li1123">1123</a>, <a href="#li2081">2081</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswellan">swellan</a>, st. v., <i>to swell</i>: inf. &thorn;â sió wund
+on-gan ... swêlan and swellan, <a href="#li2714">2714</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweltan">sweltan</a>, st. v., <i>to die, perish</i>: pret. sg. swealt, <a href="#li1618">1618</a>,
+<a href="#li2475">2475</a>; draca mor&eth;re swealt (<i>died a violent death</i>), <a href="#li893">893</a>, <a href="#li2783">2783</a>;
+wundor-deá&eth;e swealt, <a href="#li3038">3038</a>; hioro-dryncum swealt, <a href="#li2359">2359</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswencan">swencan</a>, w. v., <i>to swink, oppress, strike</i>: pret. sg.
+hine wundra &thorn;äs fela swencte (MS. swecte) on sunde, <a href="#li1511">1511</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-swencan, <i>to oppress, strike, injure</i>: pret. sg. sy&eth;&eth;an hine
+Hæ&eth;cyn ... flâne geswencte, <a href="#li2439">2439</a>; pret. part. synnum ge-swenced, <a href="#li976">976</a>;
+hæ&eth;stapa hundum ge-swenced, <a href="#li1369">1369</a>.&mdash;Comp. lyft-ge-swenced.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweng">sweng</a>, st. m., <i>blow, stroke</i>: dat. sg. swenge, <a href="#li1521">1521</a>,
+<a href="#li2967">2967</a>; swenge <i>(with its stroke</i>), <a href="#li2687">2687</a>; instr. pl. sweordes
+swengum, <a href="#li2387">2387</a>.&mdash;Comp.: feorh-, hete-, hea&eth;o-, heoro-sweng.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswerian">swerian</a>, st. v., <i>to swear</i>: pret. w. acc. I. ne me swôr
+fela â&eth;a on unriht (<i>swore no false oaths</i>), <a href="#li2739">2739</a>; he me â&eth;as
+swôr, <a href="#li472">472</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-swerian, w. instr., <i>to forswear, renounce (protect with magic
+formulæ?)</i>: pret. part. he sige-wæpnum for-sworen häfde, <a href="#li805">805</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswêg">swêg</a>, st. m., <i>sound, noise, uproar</i>: nom. sg. swêg, <a href="#li783">783</a>;
+hearpan swêg, <a href="#li89">89</a>, <a href="#li2459">2459</a>, <a href="#li3024">3024</a>; sige-folca swêg, <a href="#li645">645</a>; sang and swêg,
+<a href="#li1064">1064</a>; dat. sg. swêge, <a href="#li1215">1215</a>.&mdash;Comp.: benc-, morgen-swêg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswêlan">swêlan</a>, w. v., <i>to burn</i> (here of wounds): inf. swêlan,
+<a href="#li2714">2714</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glswælan">swælan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweart">sweart</a>, adj., <i>swart, black, dark</i>: nom. sg. wudu-rêc
+sweart, <a href="#li3146">3146</a>; dat. pl. sweartum nihtum, <a href="#li167">167</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweothol">sweo&eth;ol</a> (cf. O.H.G. suedan, suethan = cremare; M.H.G. swadem =
+vapor; and Dietrich in Haupt V., 215), st. m.? n.?, <i>vapor, smoke,
+smoking flame</i>: dat. sg. ofer swio&eth;ole (MS. swic &eth;ole), <a href="#li3146">3146</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glswathul">swa&eth;ul</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweofot">sweofot</a>, st. m., <i>sleep</i>: dat. sg. on sweofote, <a href="#li1582">1582</a>,
+<a href="#li2296">2296</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweoloth">sweolo&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>heat, fire, flame</i>: dat. sg. sweolo&eth;e,
+<a href="#li1116">1116</a>. Cf. O.H.G. suilizo, suilizunga = ardor, cauma.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweorcan">sweorcan</a>, st. v., <i>to trouble, darken</i>. pres. sg. III. ne
+him inwit-sorh on sefan sweorce&eth; (<i>darkens his soul</i>), <a href="#li1738">1738</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-sweorcan, <i>to grow dark</i> or <i>dim</i>: pres. sg. III.
+eágena bearhtm for-site&eth; and for-sworce&eth;, <a href="#li1768">1768</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-sweorcan (intrans.), <i>to darken</i>: pret. sg. niht-helm
+ge-swearc, <a href="#li1790">1790</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweord">sweord, swurd, swyrd</a>, st. n., <i>sword</i>: nom. sg. sweord,
+<a href="#li1287">1287</a>, <a href="#li1290">1290</a>, <a href="#li1570">1570</a>, <a href="#li1606">1606</a>, <a href="#li1616">1616</a>, <a href="#li1697">1697</a>; swurd, <a href="#li891">891</a>; acc. sg. sweord, <a href="#li437">437</a>,
+<a href="#li673">673</a>, <a href="#li1559">1559</a>, <a href="#li1664">1664</a>, <a href="#li1809">1809</a>, <a href="#li2253">2253</a>, <a href="#li2500">2500</a>, etc.; swurd, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li1902">1902</a>; swyrd, <a href="#li2611">2611</a>,
+<a href="#li2988">2988</a>; instr. sg. sweorde, <a href="#li561">561</a>, <a href="#li574">574</a>, <a href="#li680">680</a>, <a href="#li2493">2493</a>, <a href="#li2881">2881</a>; gen. sg.
+sweordes, <a href="#li1107">1107</a>, <a href="#li2194">2194</a>, <a href="#li2387">2387</a>; acc. pl. sweord, <a href="#li2639">2639</a>; nom. pl., <a href="#li3049">3049</a>;
+instr. pl. sweordum, <a href="#li567">567</a>, <a href="#li586">586</a>, <a href="#li885">885</a>; gen. pl. sweorda, <a href="#li1041">1041</a>, <a href="#li2937">2937</a>,
+<a href="#li2962">2962</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gû&eth;-, mâ&eth;&eth;um-, wæg-sweord.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweord">sweord</a>, st. f., <i>oath</i>: in comp. â&eth;-sweord
+<i>(sword-oath</i>?), <a href="#li2065">2065</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweordbealo">sweord-bealo</a>, st. n., <i>sword-bale, death by the sword</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1148">1148</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweordfreca">sweord-freca</a>, w. m., <i>sword-warrior</i>: dat. sg.
+sweord-frecan, <a href="#li1469">1469</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweordgifu">sweord-gifu</a>, st. f., <i>sword-gift, giving of swords</i>: nom.
+sg. swyrd-gifu, <a href="#li2885">2885</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweotol">sweotol, swutol</a>, adj.: 1) <i>clear, bright</i>: nom. sg. swutol
+sang scôpes, <a href="#li90">90</a>.&mdash;2) <i>plain, manifest</i>: nom. sg. syndolh
+sweotol, <a href="#li818">818</a>; tâcen sweotol, <a href="#li834">834</a>; instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, <a href="#li141">141</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweóf">sweóf, sweóp</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glswâfan">swâfan, swâpan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswith">swi&eth;</a>, st. n.? (O.N. swi&eth;i), <i>burning pain</i>: in comp.
+&thorn;ry&eth;-swi&eth;(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswift">swift</a>, adj., <i>swift</i>: nom. sg. se swifta mearh, <a href="#li2265">2265</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswimman">swimman, swymman</a>, st. v., <i>to swim</i>: inf. swymman, <a href="#li1625">1625</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-swimman, w. acc., <i>to swim over</i> or <i>through</i>: pret.
+sg. ofer-swam siole&eth;a bigong (<i>swam over the sea</i>), <a href="#li2368">2368</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswincan">swincan</a>, st. v., <i>to struggle, labor, contend</i>: pret. pl.
+git on wäteres æht seofon niht swuncon, <a href="#li517">517</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeswing">swing</a>, st. n., <i>surge, eddy</i>: nom. sg. atol ý&eth;a
+geswing, <a href="#li849">849</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswingan">swingan</a>, st. v., <i>to swing one's self, fly</i>: pres. sg.
+III. ne gôd hafoc geond säl swinge&eth;, <a href="#li2265">2265</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîcan">swîcan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to deceive, leave in the lurch,
+abandon</i>: pret. sg. næfre hit (<i>the sword</i>) ät hilde ne swâc
+manna ængum, <a href="#li1461">1461</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to escape</i>: subj. pret. bûtan his lîc
+swice, <a href="#li967">967</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeswîcan">swîcan</a>, <i>to deceive, leave in the lurch</i>: pret. sg.
+gû&eth;-bill ge-swâc nacod ät nî&eth;e, <a href="#li2585">2585</a>, <a href="#li2682">2682</a>; w. dat. seó ecg ge-swâc
+&thorn;eódne ät &thorn;earfe (<i>the sword failed the prince in need</i>), <a href="#li1525">1525</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîth">swî&eth;, swý&eth;</a> (Goth, swin&thorn;-s), adj., <i>strong, mighty</i>: nom.
+sg. wäs &thorn;ät ge-win tô swý&eth;, <a href="#li191">191</a>.&mdash;Comp. nom. sg. sió swî&eth;re hand
+(<i>the right hand</i>), <a href="#li2099">2099</a>; <i>harsh</i>, <a href="#li3086">3086</a>.</p>
+
+<p>swî&eth;e, adv., <i>strongly, very, much</i>, <a href="#li598">598</a>, <a href="#li998">998</a>, <a href="#li1093">1093</a>, <a href="#li1744">1744</a>, <a href="#li1927">1927</a>;
+swý&eth;e, <a href="#li2171">2171</a>, <a href="#li2188">2188</a>. Compar. swî&eth;or, <i>more, rather, more strongly</i>,
+<a href="#li961">961</a>, <a href="#li1140">1140</a>, <a href="#li1875">1875</a>, <a href="#li2199">2199</a>&mdash;Comp. un-swî&eth;e.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloferswîthian">ofer-swî&eth;ian</a>, w. v., <i>to overcome, vanquish</i>, w. acc. of
+person: pres. sg. III. oferswý&eth;e&eth;, <a href="#li279">279</a>, <a href="#li1769">1769</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîthferhth">swî&eth;-ferh&eth;</a>, adj., (<i>fortis animo</i>), <i>strong-minded,
+bold, brave</i>: nom. sg. swý&eth;-ferh&eth;, <a href="#li827">827</a>; gen. sg. swî&eth;-ferh&eth;es, <a href="#li909">909</a>;
+nom. pl. swî&eth;-ferh&eth;e, <a href="#li493">493</a>; dat. pl. swî&eth;-ferh&eth;um, <a href="#li173">173</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîthhycgend">swî&eth;-hycgend</a>, pres. part. (<i>strenue cogitans</i>),
+<i>bold-minded, brave in spirit</i>: nom. sg. swî&eth;-hycgende, <a href="#li920">920</a>; nom.
+pl. swî&eth;-hycgende, <a href="#li1017">1017</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîthmôd">swî&eth;-môd</a>, adj., <i>strong-minded</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1625">1625</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonswîfan">on-swîfan</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to swing, turn, at</i> or
+<i>against, elevate</i>: pret. sg. biorn (Beówulf) bord-rand on-swâf
+wi&eth; &thorn;am gryre-gieste, <a href="#li2560">2560</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîgian">swîgian</a>, w. v., <i>to be silent, keep silent</i>: pret. sg. lyt
+swîgode niwra spella (<i>kept little of the new tidings silent</i>),
+<a href="#li2898">2898</a>; pl. swîgedon ealle, <a href="#li1700">1700</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîgor">swîgor</a>, adj., <i>silent, taciturn</i>: nom, sg. weak, &thorn;â wäs
+swîgra secg ... on gylp-spræce gû&eth;-ge-weorca, <a href="#li981">981</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswîn">swîn, swýn</a>, st. n., <i>swine, boar</i> (image on the helm):
+nom. sg. swýn, <a href="#li1112">1112</a>; acc. sg. swîn, <a href="#li1287">1287</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswînlîc">swîn-lîc</a>, st. n., <i>swine-image</i> or <i>body</i>: instr. pl.
+swîn-lîcum, <a href="#li1454">1454</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswôgan">swôgan</a>, st. v., <i>to whistle, roar</i>: pres. part. swôgende
+lêg, <a href="#li3146">3146</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswutol">swutol</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsweotol">sweotol</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswylc">swylc, swilc</a> (Goth, swa-leik-s), demons, adj. = <i>talis, such, such
+a</i>; relative = <i>qualis, as, which</i>: nom. sg. swylc, <a href="#li178">178</a>, <a href="#li1941">1941</a>,
+<a href="#li2542">2542</a>, <a href="#li2709">2709</a>; swylc ... swylc=talis ... qualis, <a href="#li1329">1329</a>; acc. sg. swylc, <a href="#li2799">2799</a>;
+eall ... swylc (<i>all ... which, as</i>), <a href="#li72">72</a>; ô&eth;er swylc (<i>such
+another</i>, i.e. hand), <a href="#li1584">1584</a>; on swylc (<i>on such things</i>), <a href="#li997">997</a>; dat.
+sg. gû&eth;-fremmendra swylcum (<i>to such a battle-worker</i>, i.e. Beówulf),
+<a href="#li299">299</a>; gen. sg. swylces hwät (<i>some such</i>), <a href="#li881">881</a>; acc. pl. swylce, <a href="#li2870">2870</a>;
+call swylce ... swylce, <a href="#li3166">3166</a>; swylce twegen (<i>two such</i>), <a href="#li1348">1348</a>; ealle
+&thorn;earfe swylce (<i>all needs that</i>), <a href="#li1798">1798</a>; swylce hie ... findan meahton
+sigla searo-gimma (<i>such as they might find of jewels and cunning
+gems</i>), <a href="#li1157">1157</a>; efne swylce mæla swylce (<i>at just such times as</i>),
+<a href="#li1250">1250</a>; gen. pl. swylcra searo-nî&eth;a, <a href="#li582">582</a>; swylcra fela ... ær-gestreóna,
+<a href="#li2232">2232</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswylce">swylce</a>, adv., <i>as, as also, likewise, similarly</i>, <a href="#li113">113</a>,
+<a href="#li293">293</a>, <a href="#li758">758</a>, <a href="#li831">831</a>, <a href="#li855">855</a>, <a href="#li908">908</a>, <a href="#li921">921</a>, <a href="#li1147">1147</a>, <a href="#li1166">1166</a>, <a href="#li1428">1428</a>, <a href="#li1483">1483</a>, <a href="#li2460">2460</a>, <a href="#li2825">2825</a>; ge
+swylce (<i>and likewise</i>), <a href="#li2259">2259</a>; swilce, <a href="#li1153">1153</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswylt">swylt</a>, st. m., <i>death</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1256">1256</a>, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswyltdäg">swylt-däg</a>, st. m., <i>death-day</i>: dat. sg. ær swylt-däge,
+<a href="#li2799">2799</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswynsian">swynsian</a>, w. v., <i>to sound</i>: pret. sg. hlyn swynsode, <a href="#li612">612</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswyrd">swyrd</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsweord">sweord</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswýthl">swý&eth;l</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glswîth">swî&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswýn">swýn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glswîn">swîn</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyththan">sy&eth;&eth;an</a> (se&eth;ian, Gen. 1525), w. v., <i>to punish, avenge</i>, w.
+acc.: inf. &thorn;onne hit sweordes ecg sy&eth;&eth;an scolde (<i>then the edge of
+the sword should avenge it</i>), <a href="#li1107">1107</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyththan">sy&eth;&eth;an</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsiththan">si&eth;&eth;an</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyfanwintre">syfan-wintre</a>, adj., <i>seven-winters-old</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2429">2429</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyhth">syh&eth;</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glseón">seón</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyl">syl</a> (O.H.G. swella), st. f., <i>sill, bench-support</i>: dat.
+sg. fram sylle, <a href="#li776">776</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsylfa">sylfa</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glselfa">selfa</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyllan">syllan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsellan">sellan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyllîc">syllîc</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsellîc">sellîc</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsymbol">symbol, syml</a>, st. n., <i>banquet, entertainment</i>: acc. sg.
+symbel, <a href="#li620">620</a>, <a href="#li1011">1011</a>; geaf me sinc and symbel (<i>gave me treasure and
+feasting</i>, i.e. made me his friend and table-companion), <a href="#li2432">2432</a>; &thorn;ät
+hie ... symbel ymbsæton (<i>that they might sit round their
+banquet</i>), <a href="#li564">564</a>; dat. sg. symle, <a href="#li81">81</a>, <a href="#li489">489</a>, <a href="#li1009">1009</a>; symble, <a href="#li119">119</a>, <a href="#li2105">2105</a>;
+gen. pl. symbla, <a href="#li1233">1233</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsymble">symble, symle</a>, adv., <i>continually, ever</i>: symble, <a href="#li2451">2451</a>;
+symle, <a href="#li2498">2498</a>; symle wäs &thorn;ý sæmra (<i>he was ever the worse, the
+weaker</i>, i.e. the dragon), <a href="#li2881">2881</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsymbelwyn">symbel-wyn</a>, st. f., <i>banqueting-pleasure, joy at
+feasting</i>: acc. sg. symbel-wynne dreóh, <a href="#li1783">1783</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyn">syn</a>, st. f., <i>sin, crime</i>: nom. synn and sacu, <a href="#li2473">2473</a>; dat.
+instr. pl. synnum, <a href="#li976">976</a>, <a href="#li1256">1256</a>, <a href="#li3072">3072</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyn">syn</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glsin">sin</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsynbysig">syn-bysig</a>, adj., (culpa laborans), <i>persecuted on account of
+guilt?</i> (Rieger), <i>guilt-haunted?</i>: nom. sg. secg syn-[by]sig,
+<a href="#li2228">2228</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesyngian">syngian</a>, w. v., <i>to sin, commit a crime</i>: pret. part.
+&thorn;ät wäs feohleás ge-feoht, fyrenum ge-syngad, <a href="#li2442">2442</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsynnig">synnig</a>, adj., <i>sin-laden, sinful</i>: acc. sg. m. sinnigne
+secg, <a href="#li1380">1380</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fela-, un-synnig.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesynto">synto</a>, f., <i>health</i>: dat. pl. on gesyntum, <a href="#li1870">1870</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyrce">syrce</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glserce">serce</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsyrwan">syrwan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to entrap, catch unawares</i>: pret.
+sg. dugu&eth;e and geogo&eth;e seomade and syrede, <a href="#li161">161</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbesyrwan">syrwan</a>: 1) <i>to compass</i> or <i>accomplish by finesse;
+effect</i>: inf. dæd &thorn;e we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan
+(<i>a deed that all of us could not accomplish before with all our
+wisdom</i>), <a href="#li943">943</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to entrap by guile and destroy</i>: inf.
+mynte se mânsca&eth;a manna cynnes sumne be-syrwan (<i>the fell foe
+thought to entrap some one (all?</i>, see <a class="glentry" href="#glsum">sum</a>) <i>of the
+men</i>), <a href="#li714">714</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsýn">sýn</a>, f., <i>seeing, sight, scene</i>: comp, an-sýn.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgesýne">sýne</a>, adj., <i>visible, to be seen</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li1256">1256</a>, <a href="#li1404">1404</a>,
+<a href="#li2948">2948</a>, <a href="#li3059">3059</a>, <a href="#li3160">3160</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ê&eth;-ge-sýne, ý&eth;-ge-sêne.</p>
+
+<p><b><a name="glossT">T</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltaligean">taligean</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to count, reckon, number; esteem,
+think</i>: pres. sg. I. nô ic me ... hnâgran gû&eth;-geweorca &thorn;onne Grendel
+hine (<i>count myself no worse than G. in battle-works</i>), <a href="#li678">678</a>; wên
+ic talige ...&thorn;ät (<i>I count on the hope ... that</i>), <a href="#li1846">1846</a>; telge,
+<a href="#li2068">2068</a>; sg. III. &thorn;ät ræd tala&eth; &thorn;ät (<i>counts it gain that</i>),
+<a href="#li2028">2028</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to tell, relate</i>: sô&eth; ic talige (<i>I tell facts</i>),
+<a href="#li532">532</a>; swâ &thorn;u self talast (<i>as thou thyself sayst</i>), <a href="#li595">595</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltâcen">tâcen</a>, st. n., <i>token, sign, evidence</i>: nom. sg. tâcen
+sweotol, <a href="#li834">834</a>; dat. instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, <a href="#li141">141</a>; tîres tô tâcne,
+<a href="#li1655">1655</a>.&mdash;Comp. luf-tâcen.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltân">tân</a>, st. m., <i>twig</i>: in comp. âter-tân. [emended to
+âter-teárum in text--KTH]</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetæcan">tæcan</a>, w. v., <i>to show, point out</i>: pret. sg. him &thorn;â
+hilde-deór hof môdigra torht ge-tæhte (<i>the warrior pointed out to
+them the bright dwelling of the bold ones</i>, i.e. Danes), <a href="#li313">313</a>.
+Hence, <i>to indicate, assign</i>: pret. sôna me se mæra mago
+Healfdenes ... wi&eth; his sylfes sunu setl getæhte (<i>assigned me a seat
+by his own son</i>), <a href="#li2014">2014</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltæle">tæle</a>, adj., <i>blameworthy</i>: in comp. un-tæle.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetæse">tæse</a>, adj., <i>quiet, still</i>: nom. sg. gif him
+wære ... niht ge-tæse (<i>whether he had a pleasant, quiet, night</i>),
+<a href="#li1321">1321</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltela">tela</a>, adv., <i>fittingly, well</i>, <a href="#li949">949</a>, <a href="#li1219">1219</a>, <a href="#li1226">1226</a>, <a href="#li1821">1821</a>,
+<a href="#li2209">2209</a>, <a href="#li2738">2738</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltelge">telge</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltalian">talian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltellan">tellan</a>, w. v., <i>to tell, consider, deem</i>: pret. sg. ne his
+lîf-dagas leóda ænigum nytte tealde (<i>nor did he count his life useful to
+any man</i>), <a href="#li795">795</a>; &thorn;ät ic me ænigne under swegles begong ge-sacan ne tealde
+(<i>I believed not that I had any foe under heaven</i>), <a href="#li1774">1774</a>; cwä&eth; he &thorn;one
+gû&eth;-wine gôdne tealde (<i>said he counted the war-friend good</i>), <a href="#li1811">1811</a>;
+he ûsic gâr-wîgend gôde tealde (<i>deemed us good spear-warriors</i>),
+<a href="#li2642">2642</a>; pl. swâ (<i>so that</i>) hine Geáta beam gôdne ne tealdon, <a href="#li2185">2185</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to ascribe, count against, impose</i>: pret. sg. (&THORN;ry&eth;o) him wälbende
+weotode tealde hand-gewri&eth;ene, <a href="#li1937">1937</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetenge">tenge</a>, adj., <i>attached to, lying on</i>: w. dat. gold ... grunde
+ge-tenge, <a href="#li2759">2759</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glteár">teár</a>, st. m., <i>tear</i>: nom. pl. teáras, <a href="#li1873">1873</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glteoh">teoh</a>, st. f., <i>troop, band</i>: dat. sg. earmre teohhe, <a href="#li2939">2939</a>.</p>
+
+<p>(ge?)-<a class="glentry" name="gl(ge?)teohhian">teohhian</a>, w. v., <i>to fix, determine, assign</i>: pret.
+sg. ic for lässan leán teohhode ... hnâhran rince, <a href="#li952">952</a>; pres. part. wäs
+ô&eth;er in ær geteohhod (<i>assigned</i>)... mærum Geáte, <a href="#li1301">1301</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glteón">teón</a>, st. v., <i>to draw, lead</i>: inf. hêht ... eahta
+mearas ... on flet teón (<i>bade eight horses be led into the hall</i>),
+<a href="#li1037">1037</a>; pret. sg. me tô grunde teáh fâh feónd-scea&eth;a (<i>the many-hued
+fiend-foe drew me to the bottom</i>), <a href="#li553">553</a>; eft-sî&eth;as teáh
+(<i>withdrew, returned</i>), <a href="#li1333">1333</a>; sg. for pl. æg-hwylcum ...&thorn;âra &thorn;e
+mid Beówulfe brim-lâde teáh (<i>to each of those that crossed the sea
+with B.</i>) <a href="#li1052">1052</a>; pret. part. &thorn;â wäs ... heard ecg togen (<i>then was
+the hard edge drawn</i>), <a href="#li1289">1289</a>; wear&eth; ... on näs togen (<i>was drawn to
+the promontory</i>), <a href="#li1440">1440</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-teón, <i>to wander, go</i>, intrans.: pret. sg. tô Heorute â-teáh
+(<i>drew to Heorot</i>), <a href="#li767">767</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeteón">teón</a>: 1) <i>to draw</i>: pret. sg. gomel swyrd ge-teáh,
+<a href="#li2611">2611</a>; w. instr. and acc. hyre seaxe ge-teáh, brad brûn-ecg, <a href="#li1546">1546</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to grant, give, lend</i>: imp. nô &thorn;u him wearne geteóh &thorn;înra
+gegn-cwida glädnian (<i>refuse not to gladden them with thy
+answer</i>), <a href="#li366">366</a>; pret. sg. and &thorn;â Beówulfe bega gehwä&eth;res eodor
+Ingwina onweald ge-teáh (<i>and the prince of the Ingwins gave B.
+power over both</i>), <a href="#li1045">1045</a>; so, he him êst geteáh (<i>gave possession
+of</i>), <a href="#li2166">2166</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-teón, <i>to deprive, withdraw</i>, w. gen. of thing and dat. pers.:
+pret. sg. Scyld Scêfing ... monegum mæg&eth;um meodo-setla of-teáh, <a href="#li5">5</a>; w.
+acc. of thing, hond ... feorh-sweng ne of-teáh, <a href="#li2490">2490</a>; w. dat. hond
+(hord, MS.) swenge ne of-teáh, <a href="#li1521">1521</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-teón, <i>to effect</i>: inf. gif he torn-gemôt &thorn;urh-teón mihte,
+<a href="#li1141">1141</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glteón">teón</a> (cf. teóh, <i>materia</i>, O.H.G. ziuc), w. v. w. acc.,
+<i>to make, work</i>: pret. sg. teóde, <a href="#li1453">1453</a>;&mdash;<i>to furnish out,
+deck</i>: pret. pl. nalas hi hine lässan lâcum teódan (<i>provided him
+with no less gifts</i>), <a href="#li43">43</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-teón, <i>to provide, do, bring on</i>: pres. sg. unc sceal weor&eth;an
+... swâ unc Wyrd ge-teó&eth;, <a href="#li2527">2527</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;e him ... sâre ge-teóde
+(<i>who had done him this harm</i>), <a href="#li2296">2296</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeteóna">teóna</a>, w. m., <i>injurer, harmer</i>: in comp.
+lâ&eth;-ge-teóna.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltil">til</a>, adj., <i>good, apt, fit</i>: nom. sg. m. Hâlga til, <a href="#li61">61</a>;
+&thorn;egn ungemete till (of Wîglâf), <a href="#li2722">2722</a>; fem. wäs seó &thorn;eód tilu, <a href="#li1251">1251</a>;
+neut. ne wäs &thorn;ät ge-wrixle til, <a href="#li1305">1305</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltilian">tilian</a>, w. v. w. gen., <i>to gain, win</i>: inf. gif ic ...
+ôwihte mäg &thorn;înre môd-lufan mâran tilian (<i>if I ... gain</i>), <a href="#li1824">1824</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltimbrian">timbrian</a>, w. v., <i>to build</i>: pret. part. acc. sg. säl
+timbred (<i>the well-built hall</i>), <a href="#li307">307</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-timbrian, (construere), <i>to finish building, complete</i>: pret.
+pl. betimbredon on tyn dagum beadu-rôfes bêcn, <a href="#li3161">3161</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltîd">tîd</a>, st. f., <i>-tide, time</i>: acc. sg. twelf wintra tîd,
+<a href="#li147">147</a>; lange tîd, <a href="#li1916">1916</a>; in &thorn;â tîde, <a href="#li2228">2228</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ân-, morgen-tîd.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetîthian">tî&eth;ian</a> (from tig&eth;ian), w. v., <i>to grant</i>: pret. part.
+impers. wäs ... bêne (gen.) ge-tî&eth;ad feásceaftum men, <a href="#li2285">2285</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltîr">tîr</a>, st. m., <i>glory, repute in war</i>. gen. sg. tîres, <a href="#li1655">1655</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltîreádig">tîr-eádig</a>, adj., <i>glorious, famous</i>: dat. sg. tîr-eádigum
+menn (of Beówulf), <a href="#li2190">2190</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltîrfäst">tîr-fäst</a>, adj., <i>famous, rich in glory</i>. nom. sg. (of
+Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li923">923</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltîrleás">tîr-leás</a>, adj., <i>without glory, infamous</i>: gen. sg. (of
+Grendel), <a href="#li844">844</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltoga">toga</a>, w. m., <i>leader</i>: in comp. folc-toga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltorht">torht</a>, adj., <i>bright, brilliant</i>: acc. sg. neut. hof ...
+torht, <a href="#li313">313</a>.&mdash;Comp.: wuldor-torht, hea&eth;o-torht (<i>loud in battle</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltorn">torn</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>wrath, insult, distress</i>: acc. sg. torn,
+<a href="#li147">147</a>, <a href="#li834">834</a>; gen. pl. torna, <a href="#li2190">2190</a>.&mdash;2) <i>anger</i>: instr. sg. torne
+ge-bolgen, <a href="#li2402">2402</a>.&mdash;Comp. lîge-torn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltorn">torn</a>, adj., <i>bitter, cruel</i>: nom. sg, hreówa tornost,
+<a href="#li2130">2130</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltorngemôt">torn-ge-môt</a>, st. n., (<i>wrathful meeting</i>), <i>angry
+engagement, battle</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1141">1141</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltô">tô</a>, I. prep. w. dat. indicating direction or tending to, hence: 1)
+local = whither after verbs of motion, <i>to, up to, at</i>: com tô recede
+(<i>to the hall</i>), <a href="#li721">721</a>; eode tô sele, <a href="#li920">920</a>; eode tô hire freán sittan,
+<a href="#li642">642</a>; gæ&eth; eft ... tô medo (<i>goeth again to mead</i>), <a href="#li605">605</a>; wand tô wolcnum
+(<i>wound to the welkin</i>), <a href="#li1120">1120</a>; sigon tô slæpe (<i>sank to sleep</i>),
+<a href="#li1252">1252</a>; <a href="#li28">28</a>, <a href="#li158">158</a>, <a href="#li234">234</a>, <a href="#li438">438</a>, <a href="#li553">553</a>, <a href="#li926">926</a>, <a href="#li1010">1010</a>, <a href="#li1014">1014</a>, <a href="#li1155">1155</a>, <a href="#li1159">1159</a>, <a href="#li1233">1233</a>, etc.;
+lî&eth;-wæge bär hælum tô handa (<i>bore the ale-cup to the hands of the men?
+at hand?</i>), <a href="#li1984">1984</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;ät niht becom ô&eth;er tô yldum, <a href="#li2118">2118</a>; him tô bearme
+cwom mâ&eth;&eth;um-fät mære (<i>came to his hands, into his possession</i>), <a href="#li2405">2405</a>;
+sælde tô sande sîd-fä&eth;me scip (<i>fastened the broad-bosomed ship to the
+shore</i>), <a href="#li1918">1918</a>; &thorn;at se harm-sca&eth;a tô Heorute â-teáh (<i>went forth to
+Heorot</i>), <a href="#li767">767</a>. After verb sittan: site nu tô symble (<i>sit now to the
+meal</i>), <a href="#li489">489</a>; si&eth;&eth;an ... we tô symble geseten häfdon, <a href="#li2105">2105</a>; tô ham
+(<i>home, at home</i>), <a href="#li124">124</a>, <a href="#li374">374</a>, <a href="#li2993">2993</a>. With verbs of speaking: ma&eth;elode tô
+his wine-drihtne (<i>spake to his friendly lord</i>), <a href="#li360">360</a>; tô Geátum sprec,
+<a href="#li1172">1172</a>; so, hêht &thorn;ät hea&eth;o-weorc tô hagan biódan (<i>bade the battle-work be
+told at the hedge</i>), <a href="#li2893">2893</a>.&mdash;2) with verbs of bringing and taking (cf.
+under <a class="glentry" href="#glon">on</a>, I., d): hra&eth;e wäs tô bûre Beówulf fetod (<i>B. was hastily
+brought from a room</i>), <a href="#li1311">1311</a>; si&eth;&eth;an Hâma ät-wäg tô &thorn;ære byrhtan byrig
+Brôsinga mene (<i>since H. carried the Brosing-necklace off from the bright
+city</i>), <a href="#li1200">1200</a>; weán âhsode. fæh&eth;o to Frysum (<i>suffered woe, feud as to,
+from, the Frisians</i>), <a href="#li1208">1208</a>.&mdash;3) =end of motion, hence: a) <i>to, for,
+as, in</i>: &thorn;one god sende folce tô frôfre (<i>for, as, a help to the
+folk</i>), <a href="#li14">14</a>; gesette ... sunnan and mônan leóman to leóhte (<i>as a
+light</i>), <a href="#li95">95</a>; ge-sät ... tô rune (<i>sat in counsel</i>), <a href="#li172">172</a>; wear&eth; he
+Hea&eth;o-lâfe tô hand-bonan, <a href="#li460">460</a>; bringe ... tô helpe (<i>bring to, for,
+help</i>), <a href="#li1831">1831</a>; Jofore forgeaf ângan dôhtor ... hyldo tô wedde (<i>as a
+pledge of his favor</i>), <a href="#li2999">2999</a>; so, 508(?), <a href="#li666">666</a>, <a href="#li907">907</a>, <a href="#li972">972</a>, <a href="#li1022">1022</a>, <a href="#li1187">1187</a>,
+<a href="#li1263">1263</a>, <a href="#li1331">1331</a>, <a href="#li1708">1708</a>, <a href="#li1712">1712</a>, <a href="#li2080">2080</a>, etc.; secgan tô sô&eth;e (<i>to say in
+sooth</i>), <a href="#li51">51</a>; so, <a href="#li591">591</a>, <a href="#li2326">2326</a>. b) with verbs of thinking, hoping, etc.,
+<i>on, for, at, against</i>: he tô gyrn-wräce swî&eth;or &thorn;ôhte &thorn;onne tô sæ-lâde
+(<i>thought more on vengeance than on the sea-voyage</i>), <a href="#li1139">1139</a>; säcce ne
+wêne&eth; tô Gâr-Denum (<i>nor weeneth of conflict with the Spear-Danes</i>),
+<a href="#li602">602</a>; &thorn;onne wêne ic tô &thorn;e wyrsan ge&thorn;inges (<i>then I expect for thee a worse
+result</i>), <a href="#li525">525</a>; ne ic to Sweó&thorn;eóde sibbe o&eth;&eth;e treówe wihte ne wêne
+(<i>nor expect at all of, from, the Swedes</i> ...), <a href="#li2923">2923</a>; wiste &thorn;äm
+ahlæcan tô &thorn;äm heáh-sele hilde ge-&thorn;inged (<i>battle prepared for the
+monster in the high hall</i>), <a href="#li648">648</a>; wel bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e mot tô fäder fä&eth;mum
+freo&eth;o wilnian (<i>well for him that can find peace in the Father's
+arms</i>), <a href="#li188">188</a>; &thorn;âra &thorn;e he ge-worhte tô West-Denum (<i>of those that he
+wrought against the West-Danes</i>), <a href="#li1579">1579</a>.&mdash;4) with the gerund, inf.: tô
+gefremmanne (<i>to do</i>), <a href="#li174">174</a>; tô ge-cý&eth;anne (<i>to make known</i>), <a href="#li257">257</a>;
+tô secganne (<i>to say</i>), <a href="#li473">473</a>; to befleónne (<i>to avoid, escape</i>),
+<a href="#li1004">1004</a>; so, <a href="#li1420">1420</a>, <a href="#li1725">1725</a>, <a href="#li1732">1732</a>, <a href="#li1806">1806</a>, <a href="#li1852">1852</a>, <a href="#li1923">1923</a>, <a href="#li1942">1942</a>, etc. With inf.: tô
+fêran, <a href="#li316">316</a>; tô friclan, <a href="#li2557">2557</a>.&mdash;5) temporal: gewât him tô gescäp-hwîle
+(<i>went at(?) the hour of fate</i>; or, <i>to his fated rest?</i>), <a href="#li26">26</a>; tô
+wîdan feore (<i>ever, in their lives</i>), <a href="#li934">934</a>; âwa tô aldre (<i>for life,
+forever</i>), <a href="#li956">956</a>; so, tô aldre, <a href="#li2006">2006</a>, <a href="#li2499">2499</a>; tô life (<i>during life,
+ever</i>), <a href="#li2433">2433</a>.&mdash;6) with particles: wôd under wolcnum tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e ...
+(<i>went under the welkin to the point where</i> ...), <a href="#li715">715</a>; so, elne
+ge-eodon tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e, <a href="#li1968">1968</a>; so, <a href="#li2411">2411</a>; he him &thorn;äs leán for-geald ... tô &thorn;äs &thorn;e
+he on reste geseah Grendel licgan (<i>he paid him for that to the point
+that he saw G. lying dead</i>), <a href="#li1586">1586</a>; wäs &thorn;ät blôd tô &thorn;äs hât (<i>the blood
+was hot to that degree</i>), <a href="#li1617">1617</a>; näs &thorn;â long tô &thorn;on &thorn;ät (<i>'twas not long
+till</i>), <a href="#li2592">2592</a>, <a href="#li2846">2846</a>; wäs him se man tô &thorn;on leóf &thorn;ät (<i>the man was dear
+to him to that degree</i>), <a href="#li1877">1877</a>; tô hwan si&eth;&eth;an wear&eth; hond-ræs häle&eth;a
+(<i>up to what point, how, the hand-contest turned out</i>), <a href="#li2072">2072</a>; tô
+middes (<i>in the midst</i>), <a href="#li3142">3142</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. Adverbial modifier, <i>quasi</i> preposition [better explained in many
+cases as prep. postponed]: l) <i>to, towards, up to, at</i>: geóng sôna tô,
+<a href="#li1786">1786</a>; so, <a href="#li2649">2649</a>; fêh&eth; ô&eth;er tô, <a href="#li1756">1756</a>; sæ-lâc ... &thorn;e &thorn;u her tô lôcast (<i>upon
+which thou here lookest</i>), <a href="#li1655">1655</a>; folc tô sægon (<i>the folk looked
+on</i>), <a href="#li1423">1423</a>; &thorn;ät hî him tô mihton gegnum gangan (<i>might proceed
+thereto</i>), <a href="#li313">313</a>; se &thorn;e him bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (<i>who believed in
+help out of evils from him</i>, i.e. Beówulf), <a href="#li910">910</a>; him tô anwaldan âre
+ge-lyfde (<i>trusted for himself to the Almighty's help</i>), <a href="#li1273">1273</a>; &thorn;e ûs
+sêcea&eth; tô Sweóna leóde (<i>that the Swedes will come against us</i>),
+<a href="#li3002">3002</a>.&mdash;2) before adj. and adv., <i>too</i>: tô strang (<i>too mighty</i>),
+<a href="#li133">133</a>; tô fäst, <a href="#li137">137</a>; tô swý&eth;, <a href="#li191">191</a>; so, <a href="#li789">789</a>, <a href="#li970">970</a>, <a href="#li1337">1337</a>, <a href="#li1743">1743</a>, <a href="#li1749">1749</a>, etc.; tô
+fela micles (<i>far too much</i>), <a href="#li695">695</a>; he tô for&eth; ge-stôp (<i>he had gone
+too far</i>), <a href="#li2290">2290</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltôth">tô&eth;</a> (G. tun&thorn;u-s), st. m., <i>tooth</i>: in comp. blôdig-tô&eth; (adj.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltredan">tredan</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to tread</i>: inf. sæ-wong tredan, <a href="#li1965">1965</a>;
+el-land tredan, <a href="#li3020">3020</a>; pret. sg. wräc-lâstas träd, <a href="#li1353">1353</a>; medo-wongas träd,
+<a href="#li1644">1644</a>; gräs-moldan träd, <a href="#li1882">1882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltreddian">treddian, tryddian</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#gltrod">trod</a>), w. v., <i>to stride,
+tread, go</i>: pret. sg. treddode, <a href="#li726">726</a>; tryddode getrume micle
+(<i>strode about with a strong troop</i>), <a href="#li923">923</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltrem">trem</a>, st. n., <i>piece, part</i>: acc. sg. ne ... fôtes trem
+(<i>not a foot's breadth</i>), <a href="#li2526">2526</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltreów">treów</a>, st. f., <i>fidelity, good faith</i>: acc. sg. treówe,
+<a href="#li1073">1073</a>; sibbe o&eth;&eth;e treówe, <a href="#li2923">2923</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltreów">treów</a>, st. n., <i>tree</i>: in comp. galg-treów.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltreówian">treówian</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltrûwian">trûwian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltreówloga">treów-loga</a>, w. m., <i>troth-breaker, pledge-breaker</i>: nom.
+pl. treów-logan, <a href="#li2848">2848</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltrodu">trodu</a>, st. f., <i>track, step</i>: acc. sg. or pl. trode, <a href="#li844">844</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetrum">trum</a>, st. n., <i>troop, band</i>: instr. sg. ge-trume micle,
+<a href="#li923">923</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltrum">trum</a>, adj., <i>strong, endowed with</i>: nom. sg. heorot hornum
+trum, <a href="#li1370">1370</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetrûwan">trûwan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to confirm, pledge solemnly</i>:
+pret. sg. &thorn;â hie getrûwedon on twâ healfe fäste frio&eth;u-wære, <a href="#li1096">1096</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltrûwian">trûwian, treówan</a>, w. v., <i>to trust in, rely on, believe in</i>: 1)
+w. dat.: pret. sg. sî&eth;e ne trûwode leófes mannes (<i>I trusted not in the
+dear man's enterprise</i>), <a href="#li1994">1994</a>; bearne ne trûwode &thorn;ät he ... (<i>she
+trusted not the child that</i> ...), <a href="#li2371">2371</a>; gehwylc hiora his ferh&eth;e treówde
+&thorn;ät he ... (<i>each trusted his heart that</i> ...), <a href="#li1167">1167</a>.&mdash;2) w. gen.: pret.
+sg. Geáta leód georne trûwode môdgan mägnes, <a href="#li670">670</a>; wi&eth;res ne trûwode, <a href="#li2954">2954</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-trûwian, <i>to rely on, trust in</i>, w. dat.: pret. sg. strenge
+ge-trûwode, mund-gripe mägenes, <a href="#li1534">1534</a>;&mdash;w. gen. pret. sg. beorges
+ge-trûwode, wîges and wealles, <a href="#li2323">2323</a>; strenge ge-trûwode ânes mannes, <a href="#li2541">2541</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltryddian">tryddian</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltreddian">treddian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltrýwe">trýwe</a>, adj., <i>true, faithful</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;â gyt wäs ...
+æghwylc ô&eth;rum trýwe, <a href="#li1166">1166</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-trýwe, adj., <i>faithful</i>: nom. sg. her is æghwylc eorl ô&eth;rum
+ge-trýwe, <a href="#li1229">1229</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glturf">turf</a>, st. f., <i>sod, soil, seat</i>: in comp. ê&eth;el-turf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltux">tux</a>, st. m., <i>tooth, tusk</i>: in comp. hilde-tux.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetwæfan">twæfan</a>, w. v. w. acc. of person and gen. thing, <i>to
+separate, divide, deprive of, hinder</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;ät &thorn;ec âdl
+o&eth;&eth;e ecg eafo&eth;es ge-twæfe&eth; (<i>robs of strength</i>), <a href="#li1764">1764</a>; inf. god
+eá&eth;e mäg &thorn;one dol-sca&eth;an dæda ge-twæfan (<i>God may easily restrain
+the fierce foe from his deeds</i>), <a href="#li479">479</a>; pret. sg. sumne Geáta leód
+... feores getwæfde (<i>cut him off from life</i>), <a href="#li1434">1434</a>; nô &thorn;ær
+wæg-flotan wind ofer ý&eth;um sî&eth;es ge-twæfde (<i>the wind hindered not
+the wave-floater in her course over the water</i>), <a href="#li1909">1909</a>; pret. part.
+ät rihte wäs gû&eth; ge-twæfed (<i>almost had the struggle been
+ended</i>), <a href="#li1659">1659</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgetwæman">twæman</a>, w. v. acc. pers. and gen. thing, <i>to hinder,
+render incapable of, restrain</i>: inf. ic hine ne mihte ... ganges
+getwæman, <a href="#li969">969</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltwegen">twegen</a>, m. f. n. twâ, num., <i>twain, two</i>: nom. m. twegen,
+<a href="#li1164">1164</a>; acc. m. twegen, <a href="#li1348">1348</a>; dat. twæm, <a href="#li1192">1192</a> gen. twega, <a href="#li2533">2533</a>; acc. f.
+twâ, <a href="#li1096">1096</a>, <a href="#li1195">1195</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltwelf">twelf</a>, num., <i>twelve</i>, gen. twelfa, <a href="#li3172">3172</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltweone">tweone</a> (Frisian twine), num. = <i>bini, two</i>: dat. pl. be
+sæm tweonum, <a href="#li859">859</a>, <a href="#li1298">1298</a>; <a href="#li1686">1686</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltwidig">twidig</a>, adj., in comp. lang-twidig (<i>long-assured</i>), <a href="#li1709">1709</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltyder">tyder</a>, st. m., <i>race, descendant</i>: in comp. un-tyder, <a href="#li111">111</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltydre">tydre</a> (Frisian teddre), adj., <i>weak, unwarlike, cowardly</i>:
+nom. pl. tydre, <a href="#li2848">2848</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltyn">tyn</a>, num., <i>ten</i>: uninflect. dat. on tyn dagum, <a href="#li3161">3161</a>;
+inflect. nom. tyne, <a href="#li2848">2848</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltyrwian">tyrwian</a>, w. v., <i>to tar</i>: pret. part. tyrwed in comp.:
+niw-tyrwed.</p>
+
+<p>on-<a class="glentry" name="glontyhtan">tyhtan</a>, w. v., <i>to urge on, incite, entice</i>: pret. sg.
+on-tyhte, <a href="#li3087">3087</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossTH">&THORN;</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthafian">&thorn;afian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to submit to, endure</i>: inf. &thorn;ät se
+&thorn;eód-cyning &thorn;afian sceolde Eofores ânne dôm, <a href="#li2964">2964</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthanc">&thorn;anc</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>thought</i>: in comp. fore-, hete-, or-,
+searo-&thorn;anc; inwit-&thorn;anc (adj.).&mdash;2) <i>thanks</i> (w. gen. of thing):
+nom. sg., <a href="#li929">929</a>, <a href="#li1779">1779</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;anc, <a href="#li1998">1998</a>, <a href="#li2795">2795</a>.&mdash;3) <i>content, favor,
+pleasure</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;â &thorn;e gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon &thorn;yder tô &thorn;ance
+(<i>those that tribute for the Geâtas carried thither for favor</i>).
+<a href="#li379">379</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;anc, st. m., <i>thought</i>: instr. pl. &thorn;eóstrum ge-&thorn;oncum,
+<a href="#li2333">2333</a>.&mdash;Comp. môd-ge-&thorn;anc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthanchycgende">&thorn;anc-hycgende</a>, pres. part., <i>thoughtful</i>, <a href="#li2236">2236</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthancian">&thorn;ancian</a>, w. v., <i>to thank</i>: pret. sg. gode &thorn;ancode ... &thorn;äs
+&thorn;e hire se willa ge-lamp (<i>thanked God that her wish was
+granted</i>), <a href="#li626">626</a>; so, <a href="#li1398">1398</a>; pl. &thorn;ancedon, 627(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthanon">&thorn;anon, &thorn;onon, &thorn;onan</a>, adv., <i>thence</i>: 1) local: &thorn;anon eft
+gewât (<i>he went thence back</i>), <a href="#li123">123</a>; &thorn;anon up ... stigon (<i>went
+up thence</i>), <a href="#li224">224</a>; so, &thorn;anon, <a href="#li463">463</a>, <a href="#li692">692</a>, <a href="#li764">764</a>, <a href="#li845">845</a>, <a href="#li854">854</a>, <a href="#li1293">1293</a>; &thorn;anan,
+<a href="#li1881">1881</a>; &thorn;onon, <a href="#li520">520</a>, <a href="#li1374">1374</a>, <a href="#li2409">2409</a>; &thorn;onan, <a href="#li820">820</a>, <a href="#li2360">2360</a>, <a href="#li2957">2957</a>.&mdash;2) personal:
+&thorn;anon untydras ealle on-wôcon (<i>from him</i>, i.e. Cain, etc.), <a href="#li111">111</a>;
+so, &thorn;anan, <a href="#li1266">1266</a>; &thorn;onon, <a href="#li1961">1961</a>; unsôfte &thorn;onon feorh ô&eth;-ferede (i.e. from
+Grendel's mother), <a href="#li2141">2141</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthâ">&thorn;â</a>, adv.: l) <i>there, then</i>, <a href="#li3">3</a>, <a href="#li26">26</a>, <a href="#li28">28</a>, <a href="#li34">34</a>, <a href="#li47">47</a>, <a href="#li53">53</a>, etc.
+With &thorn;ær: &thorn;â &thorn;ær, <a href="#li331">331</a>. With nu: nu &thorn;â (<i>now then</i>), <a href="#li658">658</a>.&mdash;2)
+conjunction, <i>when, as, since</i>, w. indic., <a href="#li461">461</a>, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li633">633</a>,
+etc.;&mdash;<i>because, whilst, during, since</i>, <a href="#li402">402</a>, <a href="#li465">465</a>, <a href="#li724">724</a>, <a href="#li2551">2551</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthät">&thorn;ät</a>, I. demons, pron. acc. neut. of se: demons, nom. &thorn;ät
+(<i>that</i>), <a href="#li735">735</a>, <a href="#li766">766</a>, etc.; instr. sg. <b>&thorn;ý</b>, <a href="#li1798">1798</a>, <a href="#li2029">2029</a>; &thorn;ät ic &thorn;ý
+wæpne ge-bräd (<i>that I brandished as(?) a weapon; that I brandished the
+weapon?</i>), <a href="#li1665">1665</a>; &thorn;ý weor&eth;ra (<i>the more honored</i>), <a href="#li1903">1903</a>; &thorn;ý sêft
+(<i>the more easily</i>), <a href="#li2750">2750</a>; &thorn;ý läs hym ý&eth;e &thorn;rym wudu wynsuman
+for-wrecan meahte (<i>lest the force of the waves the winsome boat might
+carry away</i>), <a href="#li1919">1919</a>; nô &thorn;ý ær (<i>not sooner</i>), <a href="#li755">755</a>, <a href="#li1503">1503</a>, <a href="#li2082">2082</a>, <a href="#li2374">2374</a>,
+<a href="#li2467">2467</a>; nô &thorn;ý leng (<i>no longer, none the longer</i>), <a href="#li975">975</a>. <b>&thorn;ý</b> =adv.,
+<i>therefore, hence</i>, <a href="#li1274">1274</a>, <a href="#li2068">2068</a>; <b>&thorn;ê ... &thorn;ê</b> = <i>on this account;
+for this reason ... that, because</i>, <a href="#li2639">2639-2642</a>; wiste &thorn;ê geornor (<i>knew
+but too well</i>), <a href="#li822">822</a>; he ... wäs sundes &thorn;ê sænra &thorn;e hine swylt fornam
+(<i>he was the slower in swimming as [whom?] death carried him off</i>),
+<a href="#li1437">1437</a>; näs him wihte &thorn;ê sêl (<i>it was none the better for him</i>), <a href="#li2688">2688</a>;
+so, <a href="#li2278">2278</a>. Gen. sg. <b>&thorn;äs</b> = adv., <i>for this reason, therefore</i>, <a href="#li7">7</a>,
+<a href="#li16">16</a>, <a href="#li114">114</a>, <a href="#li350">350</a>, <a href="#li589">589</a>, <a href="#li901">901</a>, <a href="#li1993">1993</a>, <a href="#li2027">2027</a>, <a href="#li2033">2033</a>, etc. <b>&thorn;äs &thorn;e</b>, especially
+after verbs of thanking, = <i>because</i>, <a href="#li108">108</a>, <a href="#li228">228</a>, <a href="#li627">627</a>, <a href="#li1780">1780</a>, <a href="#li2798">2798</a>;&mdash;also
+= secundum quod: &thorn;äs &thorn;e hie gewislîcost ge-witan meahton,
+<a href="#li1351">1351</a>;&mdash;<i>therefore, accordingly</i>, <a href="#li1342">1342</a>, <a href="#li3001">3001</a>; tô &thorn;äs (<i>to that point;
+to that degree</i>), <a href="#li715">715</a>, <a href="#li1586">1586</a>, <a href="#li1617">1617</a>, <a href="#li1968">1968</a>, <a href="#li2411">2411</a>; &thorn;äs georne (<i>so
+firmly</i>), <a href="#li969">969</a>; ac he &thorn;äs fäste wäs ... besmi&eth;od (<i>it was too firmly
+set</i>), <a href="#li774">774</a>; nô &thorn;äs frôd leofa&eth; gumena bearna &thorn;ät &thorn;one grund wite
+(<i>none liveth among men so wise that he should know its bottom</i>),
+<a href="#li1368">1368</a>; he &thorn;äs (&thorn;äm, MS.) môdig wäs (<i>had the courage for it</i>), <a href="#li1509">1509</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. conj. (relative), <i>that, so that</i>, <a href="#li15">15</a>, <a href="#li62">62</a>, <a href="#li84">84</a>, <a href="#li221">221</a>, <a href="#li347">347</a>, <a href="#li358">358</a>, <a href="#li392">392</a>,
+<a href="#li571">571</a>, etc.; ô&eth; &thorn;ät (<i>up to that, until</i>); see <a class="glentry" href="#glôth">ô&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;ätte (from &thorn;ät &thorn;e, see <a class="glentry" href="#glthe">&thorn;e</a>), <i>that</i>, <a href="#li151">151</a>, <a href="#li859">859</a>, <a href="#li1257">1257</a>, <a href="#li2925">2925</a>,
+etc.; &thorn;ät &thorn;e (<i>that</i>), <a href="#li1847">1847</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthær">&thorn;ær</a>: 1) demons. adv., <i>there (where)</i>, <a href="#li32">32</a>, <a href="#li36">36</a>, <a href="#li89">89</a>, <a href="#li400">400</a>, <a href="#li757">757</a>,
+etc.; mor&eth;or-bealo mâga, &thorn;ær heó ær mæste heóld worolde wynne (<i>the
+death-bale of kinsmen where before she had most worldly joy</i>), <a href="#li1080">1080</a>.
+With &thorn;â: &thorn;â &thorn;ær, <a href="#li331">331</a>; &thorn;ær on innan (<i>therein</i>), <a href="#li71">71</a>. Almost like Eng.
+expletive <i>there</i>, <a href="#li271">271</a>, <a href="#li550">550</a>, <a href="#li978">978</a>, etc.;&mdash;<i>then, at that time</i>,
+<a href="#li440">440</a>;&mdash;<i>thither</i>: &thorn;ær swî&eth;-ferh&eth;e sittan eodon (<i>thither went the
+bold ones to sit</i>, i.e. to the bench), <a href="#li493">493</a>, etc.&mdash;2) relative,
+<i>where</i>, <a href="#li356">356</a>, <a href="#li420">420</a>, <a href="#li508">508</a>, <a href="#li513">513</a>, <a href="#li522">522</a>, <a href="#li694">694</a>, <a href="#li867">867</a>, etc.; eode ... &thorn;ær se
+snottra bâd (<i>went where the wise one tarried</i>), <a href="#li1314">1314</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1816">1816</a>;&mdash;<i>if</i>, <a href="#li763">763</a>, <a href="#li798">798</a>, <a href="#li1836">1836</a>, <a href="#li2731">2731</a>, etc.;&mdash;<i>whither</i>: gâ &thorn;ær he
+wille, <a href="#li1395">1395</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthe">&thorn;e</a>, I. relative particle, indecl., partly standing alone,
+partly associated with se, seó, &thorn;ät: Hunfer&eth; ma&eth;elode, &thorn;e ät fôtum
+sät (<i>H., who sat at his feet, spake</i>), <a href="#li500">500</a>; so, <a href="#li138">138</a>, etc.; wäs
+&thorn;ät gewin tô swý&eth; &thorn;e on &thorn;â leóde be-com (<i>the misery that had come
+on the people was too great</i>), <a href="#li192">192</a>, etc.; ic wille ... &thorn;e &thorn;â
+and-sware ädre ge-cý&eth;an &thorn;e me se gôda â-gifan &thorn;ence&eth; (<i>I will
+straightway tell thee the answer that the good one shall give</i>),
+<a href="#li355">355</a>; ô&eth; &thorn;one ânne däg &thorn;e he ... (<i>till that very day that
+he</i> ...), <a href="#li2401">2401</a>; heó &thorn;â fæh&eth;e wräc &thorn;e &thorn;u ... Grendel cwealdest
+(<i>the fight in which thou slewest G.</i>), <a href="#li1335">1335</a>; mid &thorn;ære sorge &thorn;e
+him sió sâr belamp (<i>with the sorrow wherewith the pain had visited
+him</i>), <a href="#li2469">2469</a>; pl. &thorn;onne &thorn;â dydon &thorn;e ... (<i>than they did that</i>
+...), <a href="#li45">45</a>; so, <a href="#li378">378</a>, <a href="#li1136">1136</a>; &thorn;â mâ&eth;mas &thorn;e he me sealde (<i>the treasures
+that he gave me</i>), <a href="#li2491">2491</a>; so, ginfästan gife &thorn;e him god sealde
+(<i>the great gifts that God had given him</i>), <a href="#li2183">2183</a>. After &thorn;âra &thorn;e
+(<i>of those that</i>), the depend. verb often takes sg. instead of
+pl. (Dietrich, Haupt XI., 444 seqq.): wundor-sióna fela secga
+ge-hwylcum &thorn;âra &thorn;e on swylc stara&eth; (<i>to each of those that look on
+such</i>), <a href="#li997">997</a>; so, <a href="#li844">844</a>, <a href="#li1462">1462</a>, <a href="#li2384">2384</a>, <a href="#li2736">2736</a>. Strengthened by se, seó,
+&thorn;ät: sägde se &thorn;e cû&eth;e (<i>said he that knew</i>), <a href="#li90">90</a>; wäs se grimma
+gäst Grendel hâten, se &thorn;e môras heóld (<i>the grim stranger hight
+Grendel, he that held the moors</i>), <a href="#li103">103</a>; here-byrne ... seó &thorn;e
+bân-cofan beorgan cû&eth;e (<i>the corselet that could protect the
+body</i>), <a href="#li1446">1446</a>, etc.; &thorn;ær ge-lýfan sceal dryhtnes dôme se &thorn;e hine
+deá&eth; nime&eth; (<i>he shall believe in God's judgment whom death carrieth
+off</i>), <a href="#li441">441</a>; so, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>, <a href="#li1292">1292</a> (cf. Heliand I., 1308).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthäs the">&thorn;äs &thorn;e</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthät">&thorn;ät</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheáh the">&thorn;eáh &thorn;e</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltheáh">&thorn;eáh</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for <b>&thorn;am &thorn;e</b>. See for-<a class="glentry" href="#glfortham">&thorn;am</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthý">&thorn;ý, &thorn;ê</a>, <i>the, by that</i>, instr. of se: âhte ic holdra &thorn;ý läs ...
+&thorn;e deá&eth; for-nam (<i>I had the less friends whom death snatched away</i>),
+<a href="#li488">488</a>; so, <a href="#li1437">1437</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheccan">&thorn;eccan</a>, w. v., <i>to cover</i> (thatch), <i>cover over</i>:
+inf. &thorn;â sceal brond fretan, äled &thorn;eccean (<i>fire shall eat, flame
+shall cover, the treasures</i>), <a href="#li3016">3016</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;ær git eágor-streám
+earmum &thorn;ehton (<i>in swimming</i>), <a href="#li513">513</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthegn">&thorn;egn</a>, st. m., <i>thane, liegeman, king's higher vassal;
+knight</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li235">235</a>, <a href="#li494">494</a>, <a href="#li868">868</a>, <a href="#li2060">2060</a>, <a href="#li2710">2710</a>; (Beówulf), <a href="#li194">194</a>;
+(Wîglâf), <a href="#li2722">2722</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;egen (Beówulf, MS. &thorn;egn), <a href="#li1872">1872</a>; dat. sg.
+&thorn;egne, <a href="#li1342">1342</a>, <a href="#li1420">1420</a>; (Hengest), <a href="#li1086">1086</a>; (Wîglâf), <a href="#li2811">2811</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;egnes,
+<a href="#li1798">1798</a>; nom. pl. &thorn;egnas, <a href="#li1231">1231</a>; acc. pl. &thorn;egnas, <a href="#li1082">1082</a>, <a href="#li3122">3122</a>; dat. pl.
+&thorn;egnum, <a href="#li2870">2870</a>; gen. pl. &thorn;egna, <a href="#li123">123</a>, <a href="#li400">400</a>, <a href="#li1628">1628</a>, <a href="#li1674">1674</a>, <a href="#li1830">1830</a>, <a href="#li2034">2034</a>,
+etc.&mdash;Comp.: ambiht-, ealdor-, heal-, magu-, sele-&thorn;egn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthegnian">&thorn;egnian, &thorn;ênian</a>, w. v., <i>to serve, do liege service</i>:
+pret. sg. ic him &thorn;ênode deóran sweorde (<i>I served them with my good
+sword</i>, i.e. slew them with it), <a href="#li560">560</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthegnsorh">&thorn;egn-sorh</a>, st. f., <i>thane-sorrow, grief for a liegeman</i>:
+acc. sg. &thorn;egn-sorge, <a href="#li131">131</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthegu">&thorn;egu</a>, st. f., <i>taking</i>: in comp.: beáh-, beór-, sinc-&thorn;egu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthel">&thorn;el</a>, st. n., <i>deal-board, board for benches</i>: in comp.
+benc-&thorn;el, <a href="#li486">486</a>, <a href="#li1240">1240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthencan">&thorn;encan</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to think</i>: absolutely: pres. sg. III.
+se &thorn;e wel &thorn;ence&eth;, <a href="#li289">289</a>; so, <a href="#li2602">2602</a>. With depend. clause: pres. sg. nænig
+heora &thorn;ôhte &thorn;ät he ... (<i>none of them thought that he</i>), <a href="#li692">692</a>.&mdash;2)
+w. inf., <i>to intend</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;â and-sware ... &thorn;e me se
+gôda â-gifan &thorn;ence&eth; (<i>the answer that the good one intendeth to give
+me</i>), <a href="#li355">355</a>; (blôdig wäl) byrgean &thorn;ence&eth;, <a href="#li448">448</a>; &thorn;onne he ... gegân
+&thorn;ence&eth; longsumne lof (<i>if he will win eternal fame</i>), <a href="#li1536">1536</a>; pret.
+sg. ne &thorn;ät aglæca yldan &thorn;ôhte (<i>the monster did not mean to delay
+that</i>), <a href="#li740">740</a>; pret. pl. wit unc wi&eth; hronfixas werian &thorn;ôhton, <a href="#li541">541</a>;
+(hine) on healfa ge-hwone heáwan &thorn;ôhton, <a href="#li801">801</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-&thorn;encan, <i>to intend, think out</i>: pret. sg. (he) &thorn;is ellen-weorc
+âna â-&thorn;ôhte tô ge-fremmanne, <a href="#li2644">2644</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;encan, w. acc.: 1) <i>to think of</i>: &thorn;ät he his selfa ne mäg ...
+ende ge-&thorn;encean (<i>so that he himself may not think of, know, its
+limit</i>), <a href="#li1735">1735</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to be mindful</i>: imper. sg. ge-&thorn;enc nu ...
+hwät wit geó spræcon, <a href="#li1475">1475</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthenden">&thorn;enden</a>: 1) adv., <i>at this time, then, whilst</i>: nalles
+fâcen-stafas &THORN;eód-Scyldingas &thorn;enden fremedon (<i>not at all at this
+time had the Scyldings done foul deeds</i>), <a href="#li1020">1020</a> (referring to <a href="#li1165">1165</a>;
+cf. Wîdsî&eth;, 45 seqq.); &thorn;enden reáfode rinc ô&eth;erne (<i>whilst one
+warrior robbed another</i>, i.e. Eofor robbed Ongen&thorn;eów), <a href="#li2986">2986</a>.&mdash;2)
+conj., <i>so long as, whilst</i>, <a href="#li30">30</a>, <a href="#li57">57</a>, <a href="#li284">284</a>, <a href="#li1860">1860</a>, <a href="#li2039">2039</a>, <a href="#li2500">2500</a>,
+<a href="#li3028">3028</a>;&mdash;<i>whilst</i>, <a href="#li2419">2419</a>. With subj., <i>whilst, as long as</i>:
+&thorn;enden &thorn;u môte, <a href="#li1178">1178</a>; &thorn;enden &thorn;u lifige, <a href="#li1255">1255</a>; &thorn;enden hyt sý (<i>whilst
+the heat lasts</i>), <a href="#li2650">2650</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthengel">&thorn;engel</a>, st. m., <i>prince, lord, ruler</i>: acc. sg. hringa
+&thorn;engel (Beówulf), <a href="#li1508">1508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthes">&thorn;es</a> (m.), <b>&thorn;eós</b> (f.), <b>&thorn;is</b> (n.), demons. pron.,
+<i>this</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li411">411</a>, <a href="#li432">432</a>, <a href="#li1703">1703</a>; f., <a href="#li484">484</a>; nom. acc. neut., <a href="#li2156">2156</a>,
+<a href="#li2252">2252</a>, <a href="#li2644">2644</a>; &thorn;ys, <a href="#li1396">1396</a>; acc. sg. m. &thorn;isne, <a href="#li75">75</a>; f. &thorn;âs, <a href="#li1682">1682</a>; dat. sg.
+neut. &thorn;issum, <a href="#li1170">1170</a>; &thorn;yssum, <a href="#li2640">2640</a>; f. &thorn;isse, <a href="#li639">639</a>; gen. m. &thorn;isses, <a href="#li1217">1217</a>;
+f. &thorn;isse, <a href="#li929">929</a>; neut. &thorn;ysses, <a href="#li791">791</a>, <a href="#li807">807</a>; nom. pl. and acc. &thorn;âs, <a href="#li1623">1623</a>,
+<a href="#li1653">1653</a>, <a href="#li2636">2636</a>, <a href="#li2641">2641</a>; dat. &thorn;yssum, <a href="#li1063">1063</a>, <a href="#li1220">1220</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthê">&thorn;ê</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthät">&thorn;ät</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthêh">&thorn;êh</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltheáh">&thorn;eáh</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthearf">&thorn;earf</a>, st. f., <i>need</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;earf, <a href="#li1251">1251</a>, <a href="#li2494">2494</a>, <a href="#li2638">2638</a>;
+&thorn;â him wäs manna &thorn;earf (<i>as he was in need of men</i>), <a href="#li201">201</a>; acc.
+sg. &thorn;earfe, <a href="#li1457">1457</a>, <a href="#li2580">2580</a>, <a href="#li2850">2850</a>; fremma&eth; ge nu leóda &thorn;earfe (<i>do ye
+now what is needful for the folk</i>), <a href="#li2802">2802</a>; dat. sg. ät &thorn;earfe, <a href="#li1478">1478</a>,
+<a href="#li1526">1526</a>, <a href="#li2695">2695</a>, <a href="#li2710">2710</a>; acc. pl. se for andrysnum ealle beweotede &thorn;egnes
+&thorn;earfe (<i>who would supply in courtesy all the thane's needs</i>),
+<a href="#li1798">1798</a> (cf. sele-&thorn;egn, <a href="#li1795">1795</a>.&mdash;Comp.: firen-, nearo-, ofer-&thorn;earf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthearf">&thorn;earf</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthurfan">&thorn;urfan</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethearfian">&thorn;earfian</a>, w. v., = <i>necessitatem imponere</i>: pret. part.
+&thorn;â him swâ ge-&thorn;earfod wäs (<i>since so they found it necessary</i>),
+<a href="#li1104">1104</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthearle">&thorn;earle</a>, adv., <i>very, exceedingly</i>, <a href="#li560">560</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheáh">&thorn;eáh, &thorn;êh</a>, conj., <i>though, even though</i> or <i>if</i>: 1)
+with subj. &thorn;eáh, <a href="#li203">203</a>, <a href="#li526">526</a>, <a href="#li588">588</a>, <a href="#li590">590</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>, <a href="#li1661">1661</a>, <a href="#li2032">2032</a>, <a href="#li2162">2162</a>.
+Strengthened by &thorn;e: &thorn;eáh &thorn;e, <a href="#li683">683</a>, <a href="#li1369">1369</a>, <a href="#li1832">1832</a>, <a href="#li1928">1928</a>, <a href="#li1942">1942</a>, <a href="#li2345">2345</a>, <a href="#li2620">2620</a>;
+&thorn;eáh ... eal (<i>although</i>), <a href="#li681">681</a>.&mdash;2) with indic.: &thorn;eáh, <a href="#li1103">1103</a>; &thorn;êh,
+<a href="#li1614">1614</a>.&mdash;3) doubtful: &thorn;eáh he û&eth;e wel, <a href="#li2856">2856</a>; swâ &thorn;eáh
+(<i>nevertheless</i>), <a href="#li2879">2879</a>; nô ... swâ &thorn;eáh (<i>not then
+however</i>), <a href="#li973">973</a>; näs &thorn;e forht swâ &thorn;êh (<i>he was not, though,
+afraid</i>), <a href="#li2968">2968</a>; hwä&eth;re swâ &thorn;eáh (<i>yet however</i>), <a href="#li2443">2443</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheáw">&thorn;eáw</a>, st. m., <i>custom, usage</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li178">178</a>, <a href="#li1247">1247</a>; acc.
+sg. &thorn;eáw, <a href="#li359">359</a>; instr. pl. &thorn;eáwum (<i>in accordance with custom</i>),
+<a href="#li2145">2145</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheód">&thorn;eód</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>war-troop, retainers</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li644">644</a>,
+<a href="#li1231">1231</a>, <a href="#li1251">1251</a>.&mdash;2) <i>nation, folk</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1692">1692</a>; gen. pl. &thorn;eóda,
+<a href="#li1706">1706</a>.&mdash;Comp.: sige-, wer-&thorn;eód.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódcyning">&thorn;eód-cyning</a>, st. m., (=folc-cyning), <i>warrior-king, king of
+the people</i>: nom. sg. (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li2145">2145</a>; (Ongen&thorn;eów), <a href="#li2964">2964</a>, <a href="#li2971">2971</a>;
+&thorn;iód-cyning (Beówulf), <a href="#li2580">2580</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;eód-cyning (Beówulf), <a href="#li3009">3009</a>;
+gen. sg. &thorn;eód-cyninges (Beówulf), <a href="#li2695">2695</a>; gen. pl. &thorn;eód-cyninga, <a href="#li2">2</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheóden">&thorn;eóden</a>, st. m., <i>lord of a troop, war-chief, king; ruler</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li129">129</a>, <a href="#li365">365</a>, <a href="#li417">417</a>, <a href="#li1047">1047</a>, <a href="#li1210">1210</a>, <a href="#li1676">1676</a>, etc.; &thorn;ióden, <a href="#li2337">2337</a>, <a href="#li2811">2811</a>;
+acc. sg. &thorn;eóden, <a href="#li34">34</a>, <a href="#li201">201</a>, <a href="#li353">353</a>, <a href="#li1599">1599</a>, <a href="#li2385">2385</a>, <a href="#li2722">2722</a>, <a href="#li2884">2884</a>, <a href="#li3080">3080</a>; &thorn;ióden,
+<a href="#li2789">2789</a>; dat. sg. &thorn;eódne, <a href="#li345">345</a>, <a href="#li1526">1526</a>, <a href="#li1993">1993</a>, <a href="#li2573">2573</a>, <a href="#li2710">2710</a>, etc.; &thorn;eóden,
+<a href="#li2033">2033</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;eódnes <a href="#li798">798</a>, <a href="#li911">911</a>, <a href="#li1086">1086</a>, <a href="#li1628">1628</a>, <a href="#li1838">1838</a>, <a href="#li2175">2175</a>; &thorn;iódnes,
+<a href="#li2657">2657</a>; nom. pl. &thorn;eódnas, <a href="#li3071">3071</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódenleás">&thorn;eóden-leás</a>, adj., <i>without chief</i> or <i>king</i>: nom.
+pl. &thorn;eóden-leáse, <a href="#li1104">1104</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódgestreón">&thorn;eód-gestreón</a>, st. n., <i>people's-jewel, precious
+treasure</i>: instr. pl. &thorn;eód-ge-streónum, <a href="#li44">44</a>; gen. pl.
+&thorn;eód-ge-streóna, <a href="#li1219">1219</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódig">&thorn;eódig</a>, adj., <i>appertaining to a</i> &thorn;eód: in comp.
+el-&thorn;eódig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódscatha">&thorn;eód-sca&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>foe of the people, general foe</i>: nom.
+sg. &thorn;eód-scea&eth;a (<i>the dragon</i>), <a href="#li2279">2279</a>, <a href="#li2689">2689</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheódthreá">&thorn;eód-&thorn;reá</a>, st. f. m., <i>popular misery, general distress</i>:
+dat. pl. wi&eth; &thorn;eód-&thorn;reáum, <a href="#li178">178</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheóf">&thorn;eóf</a>, st. m., <i>thief</i>: gen. sg. &thorn;eófes cräfte, <a href="#li2221">2221</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheón">&thorn;eón</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to grow, ripen, thrive</i>: pret. sg.
+weor&eth;myndum &thorn;âh (<i>grew in glory</i>), <a href="#li8">8</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to thrive in,
+succeed</i>: pret. sg. hûru &thorn;ät on lande lyt manna &thorn;âh (<i>that throve
+to few</i>), <a href="#li2837">2837</a>. See <a href="#note901">Note, l. 901</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;eón, <i>to grow, thrive; increase in power and influence</i>:
+imper. ge-&thorn;eóh tela, <a href="#li1219">1219</a>; inf. lof-dædum sceal ... man ge&thorn;eón, <a href="#li25">25</a>;
+&thorn;ät &thorn;ät &thorn;eódnes bearn ge-&thorn;eón scolde, <a href="#li911">911</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-&thorn;eón? <i>to begin, undertake</i>, w. gen.: pret. he &thorn;äs ær on&thorn;âh,
+<a href="#li901">901</a>. [In MS. Emended in text.--KTH] See <a href="#li901">Note, l. 901</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheon">&thorn;eon</a> (for <b>&thorn;eówan</b>), w. v., <i>to oppress, restrain</i>:
+inf. näs se folc-cyning ymb-sittendra ænig &thorn;âra &thorn;e mec ... dorste
+egesan &thorn;eón (<i>that durst oppress me with terror</i>), <a href="#li2737">2737</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltheóstor">&thorn;eóstor</a>, adj., <i>dark, gloomy</i>: instr. pl. &thorn;eóstrum
+ge-&thorn;oncum, <a href="#li2333">2333</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthicgan">&thorn;icgan</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to seize, attain, eat,
+appropriate</i>: inf. &thorn;ät he (Grendel) mâ môste manna cynnes &thorn;icgean
+ofer &thorn;â niht, <a href="#li737">737</a>; symbel &thorn;icgan (<i>take the meal, enjoy the
+feast</i>), <a href="#li1011">1011</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;ät hie me &thorn;êgon, <a href="#li563">563</a>; &thorn;ær we medu &thorn;êgun,
+<a href="#li2634">2634</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;icgan, w. acc., <i>to grasp, take</i>: pret. sg. (symbel and sele-ful,
+ful) ge-&thorn;eah, <a href="#li619">619</a>, <a href="#li629">629</a>; Beówulf ge-&thorn;ah ful on flette, <a href="#li1025">1025</a>; pret. pl.
+(medo-ful manig) ge-&thorn;ægon, <a href="#li1015">1015</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthider">&thorn;ider, &thorn;yder</a>, adv., <i>thither</i>: &thorn;yder, <a href="#li3087">3087</a>, <a href="#li379">379</a>, <a href="#li2971">2971</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthihtig">&thorn;ihtig, &thorn;yhtig</a>, adj., <i>doughty, vigorous, firm</i>: acc. sg.
+neut. sweord ... ecgum &thorn;yhtig, <a href="#li1559">1559</a>.&mdash;Comp. hyge-&thorn;ihtig.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthincan">&thorn;incan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthyncan">&thorn;yncan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthing">&thorn;ing</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>thing</i>: gen. pl. ænige &thorn;inga (<i>ullo
+modo</i>), <a href="#li792">792</a>, <a href="#li2375">2375</a>, <a href="#li2906">2906</a>.&mdash;2) <i>affair, contest, controversy</i>:
+nom. sg. me wear&eth; Grendles &thorn;ing ... undyrne cû&eth; (<i>Grendel's doings
+became known to me</i>), <a href="#li409">409</a>.&mdash;3) <i>judgment, issue, judicial
+assembly</i>(?): acc. sg. sceal ... âna gehegan &thorn;ing wi&eth; &thorn;yrse
+(<i>shall bring the matter alone to an issue against the giant</i>:
+see <a class="glentry" href="#glhegan">hegan</a>), <a href="#li426">426</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;ing, st. n.: 1) <i>terms, covenant</i>: acc. pl. ge-&thorn;ingo,
+<a href="#li1086">1086</a>.&mdash;2) <i>fate, providence, issue</i>: gen. sg. ge-&thorn;inges, <a href="#li398">398</a>,
+<a href="#li710">710</a>; (ge-&thorn;ingea, MS.), <a href="#li525">525</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethingan">&thorn;ingan</a>, st. v., <i>to grow, mature, thrive</i> (Dietrich,
+Haupt IX., 430): pret. part. cwên môde ge-&thorn;ungen (<i>mature-minded,
+high-spirited, queen</i>), <a href="#li625">625</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwelthungen">wel-&thorn;ungen</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="#glgethingan2">&thorn;ingan</a> (see ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgething">&thorn;ing</a>), w. v.: 1) <i>to conclude a
+treaty</i>: w. refl. dat, <i>enter into a treaty</i>: pres. sg. III.
+gif him &thorn;onne Hrê&eth;rîc tô hofum Geáta ge-&thorn;inge&eth; <i>(if H. enters into a
+treaty</i> (seeks aid at?) <i>with the court of the Geátas</i>,
+referring to the old German custom of princes entering the service or
+suite of a foreign king), <a href="#li1838">1838</a>. Leo.&mdash;2) <i>to prepare, appoint</i>:
+pret. part. wiste [ät] &thorn;äm ahlæcan ... hilde ge-&thorn;inged, <a href="#li648">648</a>; hra&eth;e wäs
+... mêce ge-&thorn;inged, <a href="#li1939">1939</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthingian">&thorn;ingian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to speak in an assembly, make an
+address</i>: inf. ne hýrde ic snotor-lîcor on swâ geongum feore guman
+&thorn;ingian (<i>I never heard a man so young speak so wisely</i>),
+<a href="#li1844">1844</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to compound, settle, lay aside</i>: inf. ne wolde
+feorh-bealo ... feó &thorn;ingian (<i>would not compound the life-bale for
+money</i>), <a href="#li156">156</a>; so, pret. sg. &thorn;â fæh&eth;e feó &thorn;ingode, <a href="#li470">470</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthîhan">&thorn;îhan</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gltheón">&thorn;eón</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthin">&thorn;in</a>, possess, pron., <i>thy, thine</i>, <a href="#li267">267</a>, <a href="#li346">346</a>, <a href="#li353">353</a>, <a href="#li367">367</a>,
+<a href="#li459">459</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethôht">&thorn;ôht</a>, st. m., <i>thought, plan</i>: acc. sg. ân-fealdne
+ge-&thorn;ôht, <a href="#li256">256</a>; fäst-rædne ge-&thorn;ôht, <a href="#li611">611</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gltholian">&thorn;olian</a>, w. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to endure, bear</i>: inf.
+(inwid-sorge) &thorn;olian, <a href="#li833">833</a>; pres. sg. III. &thorn;reá-nýd &thorn;ola&eth;, <a href="#li284">284</a>; pret.
+sg. &thorn;olode &thorn;ry&eth;swy&eth;, <a href="#li131">131</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to hold out, stand, survive</i>:
+pres. sg. (intrans.) &thorn;enden &thorn;is sweord &thorn;ola&eth; (<i>as long as this sword
+holds out</i>), <a href="#li2500">2500</a>; pret. sg. (seó ecg) &thorn;olode ær fela hand-gemôta,
+<a href="#li1526">1526</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;olian: 1) <i>to suffer, bear, endure</i>: gerund. tô
+ge-&thorn;olianne, <a href="#li1420">1420</a>; pret. sg. earfo&eth;-lice &thorn;rage ge-&thorn;olode..., &thorn;ät he
+... dreám gehýrde (<i>bore ill that he heard the sound of joy</i>),
+<a href="#li87">87</a>; torn ge-&thorn;olode (<i>bore the misery</i>), <a href="#li147">147</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to have
+patience, wait</i>: inf. &thorn;ær he longe sceal on &thorn;äs waldendes wære
+ge-&thorn;olian, <a href="#li3110">3110</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthon">&thorn;on</a> (Goth, &thorn;an) = <i>tum, then, now</i>, <a href="#li504">504</a>; äfter &thorn;on
+(<i>after that</i>), <a href="#li725">725</a>; ær &thorn;on däg cwôme (<i>ere day came</i>), <a href="#li732">732</a>;
+nô &thorn;on lange (<i>it was not long till then</i>), <a href="#li2424">2424</a>; näs &thorn;â long tô
+&thorn;on (<i>it was not long till then</i>), <a href="#li2592">2592</a>, <a href="#li2846">2846</a>; wäs him se man tô
+&thorn;on leóf &thorn;ät ... <i>(the man was to that degree dear to him that
+...</i>), <a href="#li1877">1877</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthonne:">&thorn;onne:</a> 1) adv., <i>there, then, now</i>, <a href="#li377">377</a>, <a href="#li435">435</a>, <a href="#li525">525</a>, <a href="#li1105">1105</a>,
+<a href="#li1456">1456</a>, <a href="#li1485">1485</a>, <a href="#li1672">1672</a>, <a href="#li1823">1823</a>, <a href="#li3052">3052</a>, <a href="#li3098">3098</a>(?).&mdash;2) conj., <i>if, when,
+while</i>: a) w. indic., <a href="#li573">573</a>, <a href="#li881">881</a>, <a href="#li935">935</a>, <a href="#li1034">1034</a>, <a href="#li1041">1041</a>, <a href="#li1043">1043</a>, <a href="#li1144">1144</a>, <a href="#li1286">1286</a>,
+<a href="#li1327">1327</a>, <a href="#li1328">1328</a>, <a href="#li1375">1375</a>, etc.; &thorn;ät ic gum-cystum gôdne funde beága bryttan,
+breác &thorn;onne môste (<i>that I found a good ring-giver and enjoyed him
+whilst I could</i>), <a href="#li1488">1488</a>. b) w. subj., <a href="#li23">23</a>, <a href="#li1180">1180</a>, <a href="#li3065">3065</a>; &thorn;onne ...&thorn;onne
+(<i>then ... when</i>), <a href="#li484">484-85</a>, <a href="#li2447">2447-48</a>; gif &thorn;onne ...&thorn;onne (<i>if
+then ... then</i>), <a href="#li1105">1105-1107</a>. c) <i>than</i> after comparatives, <a href="#li44">44</a>,
+<a href="#li248">248</a>, <a href="#li469">469</a>, <a href="#li505">505</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>, <a href="#li679">679</a>, <a href="#li1140">1140</a>, <a href="#li1183">1183</a>, etc.; a comparative must be
+supplied, l. <a href="#li70">70</a>, before &thorn;one: &thorn;ät he ... hâtan wolde medo-ärn micel men
+ge-wyrcean &thorn;one yldo bearn æfre ge-frunon (<i>a great mead-house</i>
+(greater) <i>than men had ever known</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthracu">&thorn;racu</a>, st. f., <i>strength, boldness</i>: in comp. môd-&thorn;racu; =
+impetus in ecg-&thorn;racu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrag">&thorn;rag</a>, st. f., <i>period of time, time</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;â hine sió
+&thorn;rag be-cwom (<i>when the</i> [battle]-<i>hour befell him</i>), <a href="#li2884">2884</a>;
+acc. sg. &thorn;rage (<i>for a time</i>), <a href="#li87">87</a>; longe (lange) &thorn;rage, <a href="#li54">54</a>,
+<a href="#li114">114</a>.&mdash;Comp. earfo&eth;-&thorn;rag.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethräc">&thorn;räc</a>, st. n., <i>multitude, crowd</i>: in comp.
+searo-ge-&thorn;räc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrecwudu">&thorn;rec-wudu</a>, st. m., (<i>might-wood</i>), <i>spear</i> (cf.
+mägen-wudu): acc. sg., <a href="#li1247">1247</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreá">&thorn;reá</a>, st. m. f., <i>misery, distress</i>: in comp. &thorn;eód-&thorn;reá,
+&thorn;reá-nêdla, -nýd.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreánêdla">&thorn;reá-nêdla</a>, w. m., <i>crushing distress, misery</i>: dat. sg.
+for &thorn;reá-nêdlan, <a href="#li2225">2225</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreanýd">&thorn;rea-nýd</a>, st. f., <i>oppression, distress</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;reá-nýd, <a href="#li284">284</a>; dat. pl. &thorn;reá-nýdum, <a href="#li833">833</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreát">&thorn;reát</a>, st. m., <i>troop, band</i>: dat. sg. on &thorn;am &thorn;reáte,
+<a href="#li2407">2407</a>; dat. pl. scea&eth;ena &thorn;reátum, <a href="#li4">4</a>.&mdash;Comp. îren-&thorn;reát.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreátian">&thorn;reátian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to press, oppress</i>: pret. pl.
+mec ...&thorn;reátedon, <a href="#li560">560</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreotteotha">&thorn;reot-teo&eth;a</a>, num. adj. w. m., <i>thirteenth</i>: nom. sg.
+&thorn;reot-teo&eth;a secg, <a href="#li2407">2407</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthreó">&thorn;reó</a>, num. (neut.), <i>three</i>: acc. &thorn;rió wicg, <a href="#li2175">2175</a>; &thorn;reó
+hund wintra, <a href="#li2279">2279</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthridda">&thorn;ridda</a>, num. adj. w. m., <i>third</i>: instr. &thorn;riddan sî&eth;e,
+<a href="#li2689">2689</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethring">&thorn;ring</a>, st. n., <i>eddy, whirlpool, crush</i>: acc. on holma
+ge-&thorn;ring, <a href="#li2133">2133</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthringan">&thorn;ringan</a>, st. v., <i>to press</i>: pret. sg. wergendra tô lyt
+&thorn;rong ymbe &thorn;eóden (<i>too few defenders pressed round the prince</i>),
+<a href="#li2884">2884</a>; pret. pl. sy&eth;&eth;an Hrê&eth;lingas tô hagan &thorn;rungon (<i>after the
+Hrethlingas had pressed into the hedge</i>), <a href="#li2961">2961</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-&thorn;ringan, <i>to press out; rescue, protect</i>: inf. &thorn;ät he ne
+mehte ...&thorn;â weá-lâfe wîge for-&thorn;ringan &thorn;eódnes &thorn;egne (<i>that he could
+not rescue the wretched remnant from the king's thane by war</i>),
+<a href="#li1085">1085</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;ringan, <i>to press</i>: pret. sg. ceól up ge&thorn;rang (<i>the ship
+shot up</i>), i.e. on the shore in landing), <a href="#li1913">1913</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthritig">&thorn;ritig</a>, num., <i>thirty</i> (neut. subst.): acc. sg. w.
+partitive gen.: &thorn;ritig &thorn;egna, <a href="#li123">123</a>; gen. &thorn;rittiges (XXXtiges MS.)
+manna, <a href="#li379">379</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrîsthydig">&thorn;rîst-hydig</a>, adj., <i>bold-minded, valorous</i>: nom. sg.
+&thorn;ióden &thorn;rîst-hydig (Beówulf), <a href="#li2811">2811</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrowian">&thorn;rowian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to suffer, endure</i>: inf. (hât,
+gnorn) &thorn;rowian, <a href="#li2606">2606</a>, <a href="#li2659">2659</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;rowade, <a href="#li1590">1590</a>, <a href="#li1722">1722</a>; &thorn;rowode,
+<a href="#li2595">2595</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthryth">&thorn;ry&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>abundance, multitude</i>, <i>excellence,
+power</i>: instr. pl. &thorn;ry&eth;um (<i>excellently, extremely; excellent in
+strength?</i>), <a href="#li494">494</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrythärn">&thorn;ry&eth;-ärn</a>, st. n., <i>excellent house, royal hall</i>: acc. sg.
+(of Heorot), <a href="#li658">658</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrythlîc">&thorn;ry&eth;lîc</a>, adj., <i>excellent, chosen</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;ry&eth;-lîc
+&thorn;egna heáp, <a href="#li400">400</a>, <a href="#li1628">1628</a>; superl. acc. pl. &thorn;ry&eth;-lîcost, <a href="#li2870">2870</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrýthswýth">&thorn;rý&eth;-swý&eth;</a>, st. n.?, <i>great pain</i> (?): acc., <a href="#li131">131</a>, <a href="#li737">737</a> [?
+adj., <i>very powerful, exceeding strong</i>].</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrythword">&thorn;ry&eth;-word</a>, st. n., <i>bold speech, choice discourse</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li644">644</a>. (Great store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's
+Nibelunge, 1612; Rîgsmâl, 29, 7, in Möbius, p. 79b, 22.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrym">&thorn;rym</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>power, might, force</i>: nom. sg. ý&eth;a &thorn;rym,
+<a href="#li1919">1919</a>; instr. pl. = adv. &thorn;rymmum (<i>powerfully</i>), <a href="#li235">235</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>glory, renown</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;rym, <a href="#li2">2</a>.&mdash;Comp. hyge-&thorn;rym.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthrymlîc">&thorn;rym-lîc</a>, adj., <i>powerful, mighty</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;rec-wudu
+&thorn;rym-lîc (<i>the mighty spear</i>), <a href="#li1247">1247</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthu">&thorn;u</a>, pron., <i>thou</i>, <a href="#li366">366</a>, <a href="#li407">407</a>, <a href="#li445">445</a>, etc.; acc. sg. &thorn;ec
+(poetic), <a href="#li948">948</a>, <a href="#li2152">2152</a>, etc.; &thorn;e, <a href="#li417">417</a>, <a href="#li426">426</a>, <a href="#li517">517</a>, etc.; after compar.
+sêlran &thorn;e (<i>a better one than thee</i>), <a href="#li1851">1851</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glge">ge</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthunca">&thorn;unca</a>, w. m. See äf-<a class="glentry" href="#gläfthunca">&thorn;unca</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethungen">&thorn;ungen</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgethingan">&thorn;ingan</a>, st. v.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthurfan">&thorn;urfan</a>, pret.-pres. v., <i>to need</i>: pres. sg. II. nô &thorn;u ne
+&thorn;earft ... sorgian (<i>needest not care</i>), <a href="#li450">450</a>; so, <a href="#li445">445</a>, <a href="#li1675">1675</a>; III.
+ne &thorn;earf ... onsittan (<i>need not fear</i>), <a href="#li596">596</a>; so, <a href="#li2007">2007</a>, <a href="#li2742">2742</a>; pres.
+subj. &thorn;ät he ... sêcean &thorn;urfe, <a href="#li2496">2496</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;orfte, <a href="#li157">157</a>, <a href="#li1027">1027</a>, <a href="#li1072">1072</a>,
+<a href="#li2875">2875</a>, <a href="#li2996">2996</a>; pl. nealles Hetware hrêmge &thorn;orfton (i.e. wesan) fê&eth;e-wîges
+(<i>needed not boast of their foot-fight</i>), <a href="#li2365">2365</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethuren">&thorn;uren</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthweran">&thorn;weran</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthurh">&thorn;urh</a>, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local,
+<i>through, throughout</i>: wôd &thorn;â &thorn;urh &thorn;one wäl-rêc (<i>went then
+through the battle-reek</i>), <a href="#li2662">2662</a>.&mdash;II. causal: l) <i>on account of,
+for the sake of, owing to</i>: &thorn;urh slî&eth;ne nî&eth; (<i>through fierce
+hostility, heathenism</i>), <a href="#li184">184</a>; &thorn;urh holdne hige (<i>from
+friendliness</i>), <a href="#li267">267</a>; so, &thorn;urh rûmne sefan, <a href="#li278">278</a>; &thorn;urh sîdne sefan,
+<a href="#li1727">1727</a>; eówe&eth; &thorn;urh egsan uncû&eth;ne nî&eth; (<i>shows unheard-of hostility by
+the terror he causes</i>), <a href="#li276">276</a>; so, <a href="#li1102">1102</a>, <a href="#li1336">1336</a>, <a href="#li2046">2046</a>. 2) <i>by means
+of, through</i>: hea&eth;o-ræs for-nam mihtig mere-deór &thorn;urh mîne hand,
+<a href="#li558">558</a>; &thorn;urh ânes cräft, <a href="#li700">700</a>; so, <a href="#li941">941</a>, <a href="#li1694">1694</a>, <a href="#li1696">1696</a>, <a href="#li1980">1980</a>, <a href="#li2406">2406</a>, <a href="#li3069">3069</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthus">&thorn;us</a>, adv., <i>so, thus</i>, <a href="#li238">238</a>, <a href="#li337">337</a>, <a href="#li430">430</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthunian">&thorn;unian</a>, w. v., <i>to din, sound forth</i>: pret. sg. sund-wudu
+&thorn;unede, <a href="#li1907">1907</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthûsend">&thorn;ûsend</a>, num., <i>thousand</i>: 1) fem. acc. ic &thorn;e &thorn;ûsenda &thorn;egna
+bringe tô helpe, <a href="#li1830">1830</a>.&mdash;2) neut. with measure of value (sceat)
+omitted: acc. seofan &thorn;ûsendo, <a href="#li2196">2196</a>; gen. hund-&thorn;ûsenda landes and
+locenra beága (100,000 <i>sceattas' worth of land and rings</i>),
+<a href="#li2995">2995</a>.&mdash;3) uninflected: acc. &thorn;ûsend wintra, <a href="#li3051">3051</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthwære">&thorn;wære</a>, adj., <i>affable, mild</i>: in comp. man-&thorn;wære.</p>
+
+<p>ge-&thorn;wære, adj., <i>gentle, mild</i>: nom. pl. ge-&thorn;wære, <a href="#li1231">1231</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethweran">&thorn;weran</a>, st. v., <i>to forge, strike</i>: pret. part.
+heoru ... hamere ge-&thorn;uren (for ge-&thorn;woren) (<i>hammer-forged sword</i>),
+<a href="#li1286">1286</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyhtig">&thorn;yhtig</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthihtig">&thorn;ihtig</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethyld">&thorn;yld</a> (see <a class="glentry" href="#gltholian">&thorn;olian</a>), st. f.: 1) <i>patience,
+endurance</i>: acc. sg. ge-&thorn;yld, <a href="#li1396">1396</a>.&mdash;2) <i>steadfastness</i>:
+instr. pl. = adv.: ge-&thorn;yldum (<i>steadfastly, patiently</i>), <a href="#li1706">1706</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyle">&thorn;yle</a>, st. m., <i>spokesman, leader of the conversation at
+court</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1166">1166</a>, <a href="#li1457">1457</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyncan">&thorn;yncan, &thorn;incean</a>, w. v. w. dat. of pers., <i>to seem,
+appear</i>: pres. sg. III. &thorn;ince&eth; him tô lytel (<i>it seems to him too
+little</i>), <a href="#li1749">1749</a>; ne &thorn;ynce&eth; me gerysne, &thorn;ät we <i>(it seemeth to me
+not fit that we</i> ...), <a href="#li2654">2654</a>; pres. pl. hy ... wyr&eth;e &thorn;incea&eth; eorla
+ge-æhtlan (<i>they seem worthy contenders with</i> (?) <i>earls</i>;
+or, <i>worthy warriors</i>), <a href="#li368">368</a>; pres. subj. swâ him ge-met &thorn;ince,
+<a href="#li688">688</a>; inf. &thorn;incean, <a href="#li1342">1342</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;ûhte, <a href="#li2462">2462</a>, <a href="#li3058">3058</a>; nô his lîf-gedâl
+sâr-lîc &thorn;ûhte secga ænigum (<i>his death seemed painful to none of
+men</i>), <a href="#li843">843</a>; pret. pl. &thorn;ær him fold-wegas fägere &thorn;ûhton, <a href="#li867">867</a>.</p>
+
+<p>of-&thorn;incan, <i>to displease, offend</i>: inf. mäg &thorn;äs &thorn;onne of-&thorn;yncan
+&thorn;eóden (dat.) Hea&eth;o-beardna and &thorn;egna gehwâm &thorn;âra leóda, <a href="#li2033">2033</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyrs">&thorn;yrs</a>, st. m., <i>giant</i>: dat. sg. wi&eth; &thorn;yrse (Grendel), <a href="#li426">426</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyslîc">&thorn;ys-lîc</a>, adj., <i>such, of such a nature</i>: nom. sg. fem.
+&thorn;ys-lîcu &thorn;earf, <a href="#li2638">2638</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthý">&thorn;ý</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glthät">&thorn;ät</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthýwan">&thorn;ýwan</a> (M.H.G. diuhen, O.H.G. duhan), w. v., <i>to crush,
+oppress</i>: inf. gif &thorn;ec ymb-sittend egesan &thorn;ýwa&eth; (<i>if thy
+neighbors oppress thee with dread</i>), <a href="#li1828">1828</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthýstru">&thorn;ýstru</a>, st. f., <i>darkness</i>: dat. pl. in &thorn;ýstrum, <a href="#li87">87</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgethýwe">&thorn;ýwe</a>, adj., <i>customary, usual</i>: nom. sg. swâ him
+ge-&thorn;ýwe ne wäs (<i>as was not his custom</i>), <a href="#li2333">2333</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossU">U</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glufan">ufan</a>, <i>adv., from above</i>, <a href="#li1501">1501</a>; <i>above</i>, <a href="#li330">330</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glufera">ufera</a> (prop. <i>higher</i>), adj., <i>later</i>: dat. pl.
+ufaran dôgrum, <a href="#li2201">2201</a>, <a href="#li2393">2393</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glufor">ufor</a>, adv., <i>higher</i>, <a href="#li2952">2952</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluhte">uhte</a>, w. f., <i>twilight</i> or <i>dawn</i>: dat. or acc. on
+uhtan, <a href="#li126">126</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluhtfloga">uht-floga</a>, w. m., <i>twilight-flier, dawn-flier</i> (epithet of
+the dragon): gen. sg. uht-flogan, <a href="#li2761">2761</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluhthlem">uht-hlem</a>, st. m., <i>twilight-cry, dawn-cry</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2008">2008</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluhtsceatha">uht-scea&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>twilight-</i> or <i>dawn-foe</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2272">2272</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glumbor">umbor</a>, st. n., <i>child, infant</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li46">46</a>; dat. sg.,
+<a href="#li1188">1188</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunblîthe">un-blî&eth;e</a>, adv.(?), <i>unblithely, sorrowfully</i>, <a href="#li130">130</a>, <a href="#li2269">2269</a>;
+(adj., nom. pl.?), <a href="#li3032">3032</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunbyrnende">un-byrnende</a>, pres. part., <i>unburning, without burning</i>,
+<a href="#li2549">2549</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunc">unc</a>, dat. and acc. of the dual wit, <i>us two, to us two</i>,
+<a href="#li1784">1784</a>, <a href="#li2138">2138</a>, <a href="#li2527">2527</a>; gen. hwä&eth;er ... uncer twega (<i>which of us two</i>),
+<a href="#li2533">2533</a>; uncer Grendles (<i>of us two, G. and me</i>), <a href="#li2003">2003</a>.</p>
+
+<p>uncer, poss. pron., <i>of us two</i>: nom. sg. [uncer], 2002(?); dat.
+pl. uncran eaferan, <a href="#li1186">1186</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluncûth">un-cû&eth;</a>, adj.: 1) <i>unknown</i>: nom. sg. stîg ... eldum uncû&eth;,
+<a href="#li2215">2215</a>; acc. sg. neut. uncû&eth; ge-lâd (<i>unknown ways</i>), <a href="#li1411">1411</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>unheard-of, barbarous, evil</i>: acc. sg. un-cû&eth;ne nî&eth;, <a href="#li276">276</a>; gen.
+sg. un-cû&eth;es (<i>of the foe</i>, Grendel), <a href="#li961">961</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunder">under</a>, I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat., answering
+question where? = <i>under</i> (of rest), contrasted with <i>over</i>:
+bât (wäs) under beorge, <a href="#li211">211</a>; &thorn;â cwom Wealh&thorn;eó for&eth; gân under gyldnum
+beáge (<i>W. walked forth under a golden circlet</i>, i.e. decked
+with), <a href="#li1164">1164</a>; si&eth;&eth;an he under segne sine ealgode (<i>under his
+banner</i>), <a href="#li1205">1205</a>; he under rande ge-cranc (<i>sank under his
+shield</i>), <a href="#li1210">1210</a>; under wolcnum, <a href="#li8">8</a>, <a href="#li1632">1632</a>; under heofenum, <a href="#li52">52</a>, <a href="#li505">505</a>;
+under roderum, <a href="#li310">310</a>; under helme, <a href="#li342">342</a>, <a href="#li404">404</a>; under here-grîman, <a href="#li396">396</a>,
+<a href="#li2050">2050</a>, <a href="#li2606">2606</a>; so, <a href="#li711">711</a>, <a href="#li1198">1198</a>, <a href="#li1303">1303</a>, <a href="#li1929">1929</a>, <a href="#li2204">2204</a>, <a href="#li2416">2416</a>, <a href="#li3061">3061</a>, <a href="#li3104">3104</a>.&mdash;2) w.
+acc.: a) answering question whither? = <i>under</i> (of motion): &thorn;â
+secg wîsode under Heorotes hrôf, <a href="#li403">403</a>; si&eth;&eth;an æfen-leóht under heofenes
+hâdor be-holen weor&eth;e&eth;, <a href="#li414">414</a>; under sceadu bregdan, <a href="#li708">708</a>; fleón under
+fen-hleo&eth;u, <a href="#li821">821</a>; hond âlegde ... under geápne hrôf, <a href="#li837">837</a>; teón in under
+eoderas, <a href="#li1038">1038</a>; so, <a href="#li1361">1361</a>, <a href="#li1746">1746</a>, <a href="#li2129">2129</a>, <a href="#li2541">2541</a>, <a href="#li2554">2554</a>, <a href="#li2676">2676</a>, <a href="#li2745">2745</a>; so, häfde
+&thorn;â for-sî&eth;od sunu Ecg-&thorn;eówes under gynne grund, <a href="#li1552">1552</a> (for-sî&eth;ian
+requires acc.). b) after verbs of venturing and fighting, with acc. of
+object had in view: he under hârne stân ...âna ge-nê&eth;de frêcne dæde,
+<a href="#li888">888</a>; ne dorste under ý&eth;a ge-win aldre ge-nê&eth;an, <a href="#li1470">1470</a>. c) indicating
+extent, with acc. after expressions of limit, etc.: under swegles
+begong (<i>as far as the sky extends</i>), <a href="#li861">861</a>, <a href="#li1774">1774</a>; under heofenes
+hwealf (<i>as far as heaven's vault reaches</i>), <a href="#li2016">2016</a>.</p>
+
+<p>II. Adv., <i>beneath, below</i>: stîg under läg (<i>a path lay
+beneath</i>, i.e. the rock), <a href="#li2214">2214</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glundernmæl">undern-mæl</a>, st. n., <i>midday</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1429">1429</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glundyrne">un-dyrne, un-derne</a>, adj., <i>without concealment, plain,
+clear</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li127">127</a>, <a href="#li2001">2001</a>; un-derne, <a href="#li2912">2912</a>.</p>
+
+<p>un-dyrne, adv., <i>plainly, evidently</i>; un-dyrne cû&eth;, <a href="#li150">150</a>, <a href="#li410">410</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunfäger">un-fäger</a>, adj., <i>unlovely, hideous</i>: nom. sg. leóht
+un-fäger, <a href="#li728">728</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunfæcne">un-fæcne</a>, adj., <i>without malice, sincere</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2069">2069</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunfæge">un-fæge</a>, adj., <i>not death-doomed</i> or &quot;<i>fey</i>&quot;: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2292">2292</a>; acc. sg. un-fægne eorl, <a href="#li573">573</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunflitme">un-flitme</a>, adv., <i>solemnly, incontestably</i>: Finn Hengeste
+elne unflitme â&eth;um benemde (<i>F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths</i>)
+[if an adj., elne un-f. = <i>unconquerable in valor</i>], <a href="#li1098">1098</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunforht">un-forht</a>, adj., <i>fearless, bold</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li287">287</a>; acc. pl.
+unforhte (adv.?), <a href="#li444">444</a>. See <a href="#note444">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunfrom">un-from</a>, adj., <i>unfit, unwarlike</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2189">2189</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunfrôd">un-frôd</a>, adj., <i>not aged, young</i>: dat sg. guman un-frôdum,
+<a href="#li2822">2822</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glungedêfelîce">un-gedêfelîce</a>, adv., <i>unjustly, contrary to right and
+custom</i>, <a href="#li2436">2436</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glungemete">un-gemete</a>, adv., <i>immeasurably, exceedingly</i>, <a href="#li2421">2421</a>, <a href="#li2722">2722</a>,
+<a href="#li2729">2729</a>.</p>
+
+<p>un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg., the same, <a href="#li1793">1793</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glungeâra">un-geâra</a>, adv., (<i>not old</i>), <i>recently, lately</i>, <a href="#li933">933</a>;
+<i>soon</i>, <a href="#li603">603</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glungifethe">un-gife&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>not to be granted; refused</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2922">2922</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glungleáw">un-gleáw</a>, adj., <i>regardless, reckless</i>: acc. sg.
+sweord ... ecgum ungleáw (of a sharp-edged sword), <a href="#li2565">2565</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunhâr">un-hâr</a>, adj., <i>very gray</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li357">357</a>; (<i>bald</i>?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunhælo">un-hælo</a>, st. f., <i>mischief, destruction</i>: gen. sg. wiht
+un-hælo (<i>the demon of destruction</i>, Grendel), <a href="#li120">120</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunheóre">un-heóre, un-hýre</a>, adj., <i>monstrous, horrible</i>: nom. sg.
+m., weard un-hióre (the dragon), <a href="#li2414">2414</a>; neut. wîf un-hýre (Grendel's
+mother), <a href="#li2121">2121</a>; nom. pl. neut. hand-sporu ... unheóru (of Grendel's
+claws), <a href="#li988">988</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunhlytme">un-hlytme, un-hlitme</a>, adv. (cf. A.S. hlytm = <i>lot</i>; O.N.
+hluti = <i>part division</i>), <i>undivided, unseparated</i>,
+<i>united</i>, <a href="#li1130">1130</a> [unless = un-flitme, 1098]. See <a href="#note1130">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunleóf">un-leóf</a>, adj., <i>hated</i>: acc. pl. seah on un-leófe, <a href="#li2864">2864</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunlifigende">un-lifigende</a>, pres. part., <i>unliving, lifeless</i>: nom. sg.
+un-lifigende, <a href="#li468">468</a>; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, <a href="#li1309">1309</a>; dat. sg.
+un-lifgendum, <a href="#li1390">1390</a>; gen. sg. un-lyfigendes, <a href="#li745">745</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunlytel">un-lytel</a>, adj., <i>not little, very large</i>: nom. sg. dugu&eth;
+un-lytel (<i>a great band of warriors</i>? or <i>great joy</i>?), <a href="#li498">498</a>;
+dôm un-lytel (<i>no little glory</i>), <a href="#li886">886</a>; acc. sg. torn un-lytel
+(<i>very great shame, misery</i>), <a href="#li834">834</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunmurnlîce">un-murnlîce</a>, adv., <i>unpityingly, without sorrowing</i>, <a href="#li449">449</a>,
+<a href="#li1757">1757</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunnan">unnan</a>, pret.-pres. v., <i>to grant, give; wish, will</i>:
+pret.-pres. sg. I. ic &thorn;e an tela sinc-gestreóna, <a href="#li1226">1226</a>; weak pret. sg.
+I. û&eth;e ic swî&eth;or &thorn;ät &thorn;u hine selfne ge-seón môste, <a href="#li961">961</a>; III. he ne û&eth;e
+&thorn;ät ...(<i>he granted not that ...</i>), <a href="#li503">503</a>; him god û&eth;e &thorn;ät ... he hyne
+sylfne ge-wräc (<i>God granted to him that he avenged himself</i>),
+<a href="#li2875">2875</a>; &thorn;eáh he û&eth;e wel (<i>though he well would</i>), <a href="#li2856">2856</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-unnan, <i>to grant, permit</i>: inf. gif he ûs ge-unnan wile &thorn;ät we
+hine ... grêtan môton, <a href="#li346">346</a>; me ge-û&eth;e ylda waldend, &thorn;ät ic ... ge-seah
+hangian (<i>the Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging ...</i>),
+<a href="#li1662">1662</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunnyt">un-nyt</a>, adj., <i>useless</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li413">413</a>, <a href="#li3170">3170</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunriht">un-riht</a>, st. n., <i>unright, injustice, wrong</i>: acc. sg.
+unriht, <a href="#li1255">1255</a>, <a href="#li2740">2740</a>; instr. sg. un-rihte (<i>unjustly, wrongly</i>),
+<a href="#li3060">3060</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunrîm">un-rîm</a>, st. n., <i>immense number</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1239">1239</a>, <a href="#li3136">3136</a>;
+acc. sg., <a href="#li2625">2625</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunrîme">un-rîme</a>, adj., <i>countless, measureless</i>: nom. sg. gold
+un-rîme, <a href="#li3013">3013</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunrôt">un-rôt</a>, adj., <i>sorrowing</i>: nom. pl. un-rôte, <a href="#li3149">3149</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunsnyttru">un-snyttru</a>, st. f., <i>lack of wisdom</i>: dat. pl. for his
+un-snyttrum (<i>for his unwisdom</i>), <a href="#li1735">1735</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunsofte">un-softe</a>, adv., <i>unsoftly, with violence</i>
+(<i>hardly</i>?), <a href="#li2141">2141</a>; <i>scarcely</i>, <a href="#li1656">1656</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunswýthe">un-swý&eth;e</a>, adv., <i>not strongly</i> or <i>powerfully</i>:
+compar. (ecg) bât unswî&eth;or &thorn;onne his &thorn;iód-cyning &thorn;earfe häfde (<i>the
+sword bit less sharply than the prince of the people needed</i>),
+<a href="#li2579">2579</a>; fýr unswî&eth;or weóll, <a href="#li2882">2882</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunsynnig">un-synnig</a>, adj., <i>guiltless, sinless</i>: acc. sg.
+un-synnigne, <a href="#li2090">2090</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunsynnum">un-synnum</a>, adv. instr. pl., <i>guiltlessly</i>, <a href="#li1073">1073</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluntæle">un-tæle</a>, adj., <i>blameless</i>: acc. pl. un-tæle, <a href="#li1866">1866</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluntyder">un-tyder</a>, st. m., <i>evil race, monster</i>: nom. pl.
+un-tydras, <a href="#li111">111</a>. [Cf. Ger. un-mensch.]</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunwâclîc">un-wâclîc</a>, adj., <i>that cannot be shaken; firm, strong</i>:
+acc. sg. âd ... un-wâclîcne, <a href="#li3139">3139</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunwearnum">un-wearnum</a>, adv. instr. pl., <i>unawares, suddenly</i>;
+(<i>unresistingly</i>?), <a href="#li742">742</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glunwrecen">un-wrecen</a>, pret. part., <i>unavenged</i>, <a href="#li2444">2444</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glup">up</a>, adv., <i>up, upward</i>, <a href="#li224">224</a>, <a href="#li519">519</a>, <a href="#li1374">1374</a>, <a href="#li1620">1620</a>, <a href="#li1913">1913</a>, <a href="#li1921">1921</a>,
+<a href="#li2894">2894</a>; (of the voice), &thorn;â wäs ... wôp up âhafen, <a href="#li128">128</a>; so, <a href="#li783">783</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluplang">up-lang</a>, adj., <i>upright, erect</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li760">760</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluppe">uppe</a> (adj., ûfe, ûffe), adv., <i>above</i>, <a href="#li566">566</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glupriht">up-riht</a>, adj., <i>upright, erect</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2093">2093</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gluton">uton</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwuton">wuton</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossUl">Û</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûthgenge">û&eth;-genge</a>, adj., <i>transitory, evanescent, ready to depart</i>,
+(<i>fled</i>?): &thorn;ær wäs Äsc-here ... feorh û&eth;-genge, <a href="#li2124">2124</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûs">ûs</a>, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of <b>we</b> (see <a class="glentry" href="#glwe">we</a>),
+<i>us, to us</i>, <a href="#li1822">1822</a>, <a href="#li2636">2636</a>, <a href="#li2643">2643</a>, <a href="#li2921">2921</a>, <a href="#li3002">3002</a>, <a href="#li3079">3079</a>; acc. (poetic), ûsic,
+<a href="#li2639">2639</a>, <a href="#li2641">2641</a>, <a href="#li2642">2642</a>;&mdash;gen. ûre: ûre æg-hwylc (<i>each of us</i>), <a href="#li1387">1387</a>;
+ûser, <a href="#li2075">2075</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûser">ûser</a>, possess, pron.: nom. sg. ûre man-drihten, <a href="#li2648">2648</a>; dat. sg.
+ûssum hlâforde, <a href="#li2635">2635</a>; gen. sg. neut. ûsses cynnes, <a href="#li2814">2814</a>; dat. pl. ûrum
+... bâm (<i>to us both, two</i>) (for unc bâm), <a href="#li2660">2660</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glût">ût</a>, adv., <i>out</i>, <a href="#li215">215</a>, <a href="#li537">537</a>, <a href="#li664">664</a>, <a href="#li1293">1293</a>, <a href="#li1584">1584</a>, <a href="#li2082">2082</a>, <a href="#li2558">2558</a>,
+<a href="#li3131">3131</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûtan">ûtan</a>, adv., <i>from without, without</i>, <a href="#li775">775</a>, <a href="#li1032">1032</a>, <a href="#li1504">1504</a>,
+<a href="#li2335">2335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûtfûs">ût-fûs</a>, adj., <i>ready to go</i>: nom. sg. hringed-stefna îsig
+and ût-fûs, <a href="#li33">33</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glûtweard">ût-weard</a>, adj., <i>outward, outside, free</i>: nom. sg. eoten
+(Grendel) wäs ût-weard, <a href="#li762">762</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ûtan-weard, adj., <i>without, outward, from without</i>: acc. sg. hlæw
+... ealne ûtan-weardne, <a href="#li2298">2298</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossW">W</a></b></p>
+
+<p>*<a class="glentry" name="#glwacan">wacan</a>, st. v., <i>to awake, arise, originate</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;anon
+(from Cain) wôc fela geó-sceaft-gâsta, <a href="#li1266">1266</a>; so, <a href="#li1961">1961</a>; pl. &thorn;âm feówer bearn
+... in worold wôcun, <a href="#li60">60</a>.</p>
+
+<p>*on-wacan: 1) <i>to awake</i> (intrans.): pret. sg. &thorn;â se wyrm on-wôc
+(<i>when the drake awoke</i>), <a href="#li2288">2288</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to be born</i>: pret. sg. him
+on-wôc heáh Healfdene, <a href="#li56">56</a>; pl. on-wôcon, <a href="#li111">111</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwacian">wacian</a>, w. v., <i>to watch</i>: imper. sg. waca wi&eth; wrâ&eth;um! <a href="#li661">661</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwadan">wadan</a>, st. v., (cf. wade, waddle) <i>to traverse; stride,
+go</i>: pret. sg. wôd &thorn;urh &thorn;one wäl-rêc, <a href="#li2662">2662</a>; wôd under wolcnum
+(<i>stalked beneath the clouds</i>), <a href="#li715">715</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wadan, <i>to attain by moving, come to, reach</i>: pret. part. ô&eth;
+&thorn;ät ... wunden-stefna ge-waden häfde, &thorn;ät &thorn;â lî&eth;ende land ge-sâwon
+(<i>till the ship had gone so far that the sailors saw land</i>), <a href="#li220">220</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-wadan, w. acc., <i>to invade, befall</i>: pret. sg. hine fyren
+on-wôd(?), <a href="#li916">916</a>.</p>
+
+<p>&thorn;urh-wadan, <i>to penetrate, pierce</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ät swurd &thorn;urh-wôd
+wrät-lîcne wyrm, <a href="#li891">891</a>; so, <a href="#li1568">1568</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwag">wag</a>, st. m., <i>wall</i>: dat. sg. on wage, <a href="#li1663">1663</a>; dat. pl.
+äfter wagum (<i>along the walls</i>), <a href="#li996">996</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwala">wala</a>, w. m., <i>boss</i>: nom. pl. walan, <a href="#li1032">1032</a> (cf. Bouterwek
+in Haupt XI., 85 seqq.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwalda">walda</a>, w. m., <i>wielder, ruler</i>: in comp. an-, eal-walda.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwaldswathu">wald-swa&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>forest-path</i>: dat. pl. äfter
+wald-swa&eth;um (<i>along the wood-paths</i>), <a href="#li1404">1404</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwam">wam, wom</a>, st. m., <i>spot, blot, sin</i>: acc. sg. him
+be-beorgan ne con wom (<i>cannot protect himself from evil</i> or
+<i>from the evil strange orders</i>, etc.; wom = wogum? =
+<i>crooked</i>?), <a href="#li1748">1748</a>; instr. pl. wommum, <a href="#li3074">3074</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwan">wan, won</a>, adj., <i>wan, lurid, dark</i>: nom. sg, ý&eth;-geblond ...
+won (<i>the dark waves</i>), <a href="#li1375">1375</a>; se wonna hrefn (<i>the black
+raven</i>), <a href="#li3025">3025</a>; wonna lêg (<i>lurid flame</i>), <a href="#li3116">3116</a>; dat. sg. f. on
+wanre niht, <a href="#li703">703</a>; nom. pl. neut. scadu-helma ge-sceapu ... wan, <a href="#li652">652</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwang">wang</a>, st. m., <i>mead, field; place</i>: acc. sg. wang, <a href="#li93">93</a>,
+<a href="#li225">225</a>; wong, <a href="#li1414">1414</a>, <a href="#li2410">2410</a>, <a href="#li3074">3074</a>; dat. sg. wange, <a href="#li2004">2004</a>; wonge, <a href="#li2243">2243</a>, <a href="#li3040">3040</a>;
+acc. pl. wongas, <a href="#li2463">2463</a>.&mdash;Comp.: freo&eth;o-, grund-, medo-, sæ-wang.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwangstede">wang-stede</a>, st. m., (locus campestris), <i>spot, place</i>:
+dat. sg. wong-stede, <a href="#li2787">2787</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwanhýd">wan-hýd</a> (for hygd), st. f., <i>heedlessness, recklessness</i>:
+dat. pl. for his won-hýdum, <a href="#li434">434</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwanian">wanian</a>, w. v.: 1) intrans., <i>to decrease, wane</i>: inf. &thorn;â
+&thorn;ät sweord ongan ... wanian, <a href="#li1608">1608</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc., <i>to cause to
+wane</i> or <i>lessen</i>: pret. sg. he tô lange leóde mîne wanode,
+<a href="#li1338">1338</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wanian, <i>to decrease, diminish</i>: pret. part. is mîn flet-werod
+... ge-wanod, <a href="#li477">477</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwansælig">wan-sælig</a>, adj., <i>unhappy, wretched</i>: nom. sg. won-sælig
+wer (Grendel), <a href="#li105">105</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwansceaft">wan-sceaft</a>, st. f., <i>misery, want</i>: acc. sg. won-sceaft,
+<a href="#li120">120</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwarian">warian</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to occupy, guard, possess</i>: pres.
+sg. III. &thorn;ær he hæ&eth;en gold wara&eth; (<i>where he guards heathen
+gold</i>), <a href="#li2278">2278</a>; pl. III. hie (Grendel and his mother) dýgel land
+warigea&eth;, <a href="#li1359">1359</a>; pret. sg. (Grendel) goldsele warode, <a href="#li1254">1254</a>; (Cain)
+wêsten warode, <a href="#li1266">1266</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwaroth">waro&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>shore</i>: dat. sg. tô waro&eth;e, <a href="#li234">234</a>; acc. pl.
+wide waro&eth;as, <a href="#li1966">1966</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwaru">waru</a>, st. f., <i>inhabitants</i>, (collective)
+<i>population</i>: in comp. land-waru.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwâ">wâ</a>, interj., <i>woe!</i> wâ bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e... (<i>woe to him that...</i>), <a href="#li183">183</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwâthu">wâ&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>way, journey</i>: in comp. gamen-wâ&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwânian">wânian</a>, w. v., <i>to weep, whine, howl</i>, w. acc.: inf.
+gehýrdon ... sâr wânigean helle häftan (<i>they heard the
+hell-fastened one lamenting his pain</i>), <a href="#li788">788</a>; pret. sg. [wânode],
+3152(?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwât">wât</a>. See witan.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäcean">wäcean</a>, w. v., <i>to watch</i>: pret. part wäccende, <a href="#li709">709</a>, <a href="#li2842">2842</a>;
+acc. sg. m. wäccendne wer, <a href="#li1269">1269</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwacian">wacian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäcnan">wäcnan</a>, w. v., <i>to be awake, come forth</i>: inf., <a href="#li85">85</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäd">wäd</a>, st. n., (the moving) <i>sea, ocean</i>: nom. wado
+weallende, <a href="#li546">546</a>; wadu weallendu, <a href="#li581">581</a>; gen. pl. wada <a href="#li508">508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäfre">wäfre</a>, adj., <i>wavering</i> (like flame), <i>ghostlike,
+without distinct bodily form</i>: nom. sg. wäl-gæst wäfre (of
+Grendel's mother), <a href="#li1332">1332</a>;&mdash;<i>flickering, expiring</i>: nom. sg. wäfre
+môd, <a href="#li1151">1151</a>; him wäs geômor sefa, wäfre and wäl-fûs, <a href="#li2421">2421</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbewägnan">wägnan</a>, w. v., <i>to offer</i>: pret part, him wäs ...
+freónd-la&eth;u wordum be-wägned, <a href="#li1194">1194</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäl">wäl</a>, st. n., <i>battle, slaughter, the slain in battle</i>:
+acc. sg. wäl, <a href="#li1213">1213</a>, <a href="#li3028">3028</a>, blôdig wäl, <a href="#li448">448</a>; o&eth;&eth;e on wäl crunge (<i>or
+in battle, among the slain, fall</i>), <a href="#li636">636</a>; dat. sg. sume on wäle
+crungon (<i>some fell in the slaughter</i>), <a href="#li1114">1114</a>; dat. sg. in Fr...es
+wäle (proper name in MS. destroyed), <a href="#li1071">1071</a>; nom. pl. walu, <a href="#li1043">1043</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälbed">wäl-bed</a>, st. n., <i>slaughter-bed, deathbed</i>: dat. sg. on
+wäl-bedde, <a href="#li965">965</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälbend">wäl-bend</a>, st. f., <i>death-bond</i>: acc. sg. or pl. wäl-bende ...
+hand-gewri&eth;ene, <a href="#li1937">1937</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälbleát">wäl-bleát</a>, adj., <i>deadly, mortal, cruel</i>: acc. sg. wunde
+wäl-bleáte, <a href="#li2726">2726</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäldeáth">wäl-deá&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>death in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li696">696</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäldreór">wäl-dreór</a>, st. m., <i>battle-gore</i>: instr. sg. wäl-dreóre,
+<a href="#li1632">1632</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfâh">wäl-fâh</a>, adj., <i>slaughter-stained, blood-stained</i>: acc.
+sg. wäl-fâgne winter, <a href="#li1129">1129</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfähth">wäl-fäh&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>deadly feud</i>: gen. pl. wäl-fæh&eth;a, <a href="#li2029">2029</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfeall">wäl-feall</a>, st. m., <i>(fall of the slain), death,
+destruction</i>: dat. sg. tô wäl-fealle, <a href="#li1712">1712</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfûs">wäl-fûs</a>, adj., <i>ready for death, foreboding death</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li2421">2421</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfyllo">wäl-fyllo</a>, st. f., <i>fill of slaughter</i>: dat. sg. mid &thorn;ære
+wäl-fulle (i.e. the thirty men nightly slaughtered at Heorot by
+Grendel), <a href="#li125">125</a>; wäl-fylla? <a href="#li3155">3155</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälfýr">wäl-fýr</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>deadly fire</i>: instr. sg. wäl-fýre (of
+the fire-spewing dragon), <a href="#li2583">2583</a>.&mdash;2) <i>corpse-consuming fire, funeral
+pyre</i>: gen. pl. wäl-fýra mæst, <a href="#li1120">1120</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälgæst">wäl-gæst</a>, st. m., <i>deadly sprite</i> (of Grendel and his
+mother): nom. sg. wäl-gæst, <a href="#li1332">1332</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one wäl-gæst, <a href="#li1996">1996</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälhlem">wäl-hlem</a>, st. m., <i>death-stroke</i>: acc. sg. wäl-hlem &thorn;one,
+<a href="#li1996">1996</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälm">wälm</a>, st. m., <i>flood, whelming water</i>: nom. sg. &thorn;ære
+burnan wälm, <a href="#li2547">2547</a>; gen. sg. &thorn;äs wälmes (<i>of the surf</i>),
+<a href="#li2136">2136</a>.&mdash;Comp. cear-wälm.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälnîth">wäl-nî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>deadly hostility</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3001">3001</a>; dat.
+sg. äfter wäl-nî&eth;e, <a href="#li85">85</a>; nom. pl. wäl-nî&eth;as, <a href="#li2066">2066</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälrâp">wäl-râp</a>, st. m., <i>flood-fetter, i.e. ice</i>: acc. pl.
+wäl-râpas, <a href="#li1611">1611</a>; (cf. wäll, wel, wyll = <i>well, flood</i>: leax sceal
+on wäle mid sceóte scrî&eth;an, Gnom. Cott. 39).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälræs">wäl-ræs</a>, st. m., <i>deadly onslaught</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2948">2948</a>; dat.
+sg. wäl-ræse, <a href="#li825">825</a>, <a href="#li2532">2532</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälrest">wäl-rest</a>, st. f., <i>death-bed</i>, acc. sg. wäl-reste, <a href="#li2903">2903</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälrêc">wäl-rêc</a>, st. m., <i>deadly reek</i> or <i>smoke</i>: acc. sg.
+wôd &thorn;â &thorn;urh &thorn;one wäl-rêc, <a href="#li2662">2662</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälreáf">wäl-reáf</a>, st, n., <i>booty of the slain, battle-plunder</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li1206">1206</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälreów">wäl-reów</a>, adj., <i>bold in battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li630">630</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälsceaft">wäl-sceaft</a>, st. m., <i>deadly shaft, spear</i>: acc. pl.
+wäl-sceaftas, <a href="#li398">398</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälseax">wäl-seax</a>, st. n., <i>deadly knife, war-knife</i>: instr. sg.
+wäll-seaxe, <a href="#li2704">2704</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälstenge">wäl-stenge</a>, st. m., <i>battle-spear</i>: dat. sg. on &thorn;am
+wäl-stenge, <a href="#li1639">1639</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälstôw">wäl-stôw</a>, st. f., <i>battle-field</i>: dat. sg. wäl-stôwe,
+<a href="#li2052">2052</a>, <a href="#li2985">2985</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwästm">wästm</a>, st. m., <i>growth, form, figure</i>: dat. sg. on weres
+wästmum (<i>in man's form</i>), <a href="#li1353">1353</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäter">wäter</a>, st. n., <i>water</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li93">93</a>, <a href="#li1417">1417</a>, <a href="#li1515">1515</a>, <a href="#li1632">1632</a>;
+acc. sg. wäter, <a href="#li1365">1365</a>, <a href="#li1620">1620</a>; deóp wäter (<i>the deep</i>), <a href="#li509">509</a>, <a href="#li1905">1905</a>;
+ofer wîd wäter (<i>over the high sea]</i>, <a href="#li2474">2474</a>; dat. sg. äfter wätere
+<i>(along the Grendel-sea</i>), <a href="#li1426">1426</a>; under wätere (<i>at the bottom
+of the sea</i>), <a href="#li1657">1657</a>; instr. wätere, <a href="#li2723">2723</a>; wätre, <a href="#li2855">2855</a>; gen. sg. ofer
+wäteres hrycg (<i>over the surface of the sea</i>), <a href="#li471">471</a>; on wäteres
+æht, <a href="#li516">516</a>; &thorn;urh wäteres wylm (<i>through the sea-wave</i>), <a href="#li1694">1694</a>; gen.
+= instr. wäteres weorpan (<i>to sprinkle with water</i>), <a href="#li2792">2792</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäteregesa">wäter-egesa</a>, st. m., <i>water-terror</i>, i.e. <i>the fearful
+sea</i>: acc. sg., 1261</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäterýth">wäter-ý&eth;</a>, st. f., <i>water-wave, billow</i>: dat. pl.
+wäter-ý&eth;um, <a href="#li2243">2243</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæd">wæd</a>, st. f., <i>(weeds), garment</i>: in comp. here-,
+hilde-wæd.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wæde, st. n., <i>clothing</i>, especially <i>battle-equipments</i>:
+acc. pl. gewædu, <a href="#li292">292</a>.&mdash;Comp. eorl-gewæde.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæg">wæg</a>, st. m., <i>wave</i>: acc. sg. wæg, <a href="#li3133">3133</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwægbora">wæg-bora</a>, w. m., <i>wave-bearer, swimmer</i> (bearing or
+propelling the waves before him): nom. sg. wundorlîc wæg-bora (of a
+sea-monster), <a href="#li1441">1441</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwægflota">wæg-flota</a>, w. m., <i>sea-sailer, ship</i>: acc. sg. wêg-flotan,
+<a href="#li1908">1908</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwægholm">wæg-holm</a>, st. m., <i>the wave-filled sea</i>: acc. sg. ofer
+wæg-holm, <a href="#li217">217</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæge">wæge</a>, st. n., <i>cup, can</i>: acc. sg. fäted wæge, <a href="#li2254">2254</a>,
+<a href="#li2283">2283</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ealo-, lî&eth;-wæge.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæglîthend">wæg-lî&eth;end</a>, pres. part., <i>sea-farer</i>: dat. pl.
+wæg-lî&eth;endum (et lî&eth;endum, MS.), <a href="#li3160">3160</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwægsweord">wæg-sweord</a>, st. n., <i>heavy sword</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1490">1490</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæn">wæn</a>, st. m., <i>wain, wagon</i>: acc. sg. on wæn, <a href="#li3135">3135</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæpen">wæpen</a>, st. n., <i>weapon; sword</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1661">1661</a>; acc. sg.
+wæpen, <a href="#li686">686</a>, <a href="#li1574">1574</a>, <a href="#li2520">2520</a>, <a href="#li2688">2688</a>; instr. wæpne, <a href="#li1665">1665</a>, <a href="#li2966">2966</a>; gen. wæpnes,
+<a href="#li1468">1468</a>; acc. pl. wæpen, <a href="#li292">292</a>; dat. pl. wæpnum, <a href="#li250">250</a>, <a href="#li331">331</a>, <a href="#li2039">2039</a>, <a href="#li2396">2396</a>.
+&mdash;Comp.: hilde-, sige-wæpen.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæpnedman">wæpned-man</a>, st. m., <i>warrior, man</i>: dat. sg. wæpned-men,
+<a href="#li1285">1285</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwær">wær</a>, st. f., <i>covenant, treaty</i>: acc. sg. wære,
+<a href="#li1101">1101</a>;&mdash;<i>protection, care</i>: dat. sg. on freán (on &thorn;äs waldendes)
+wære (<i>into God's protection</i>), <a href="#li27">27</a>, <a href="#li3110">3110</a>.&mdash;Comp.: frio&eth;o-wær.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwæsma">wæsma</a>, w. m., <i>fierce strength, war-strength</i>: in comp.
+here-wæsma, <a href="#li678">678</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwe">we</a>, pers. pron., <i>we</i>, <a href="#li942">942</a>, <a href="#li959">959</a>, <a href="#li1327">1327</a>, <a href="#li1653">1653</a>, <a href="#li1819">1819</a>, <a href="#li1820">1820</a>,
+etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweb">web</a>, st. n., <i>woven work, tapestry</i>:, nom. pl. web, <a href="#li996">996</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwebbe">webbe</a>, w. f., <i>webster, female weaver</i>: in comp.
+freo&eth;u-webbe.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweccan">weccan, weccean</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to wake, rouse; recall</i>:
+inf. wîg-bealu weccan (<i>to stir up strife</i>), <a href="#li2047">2047</a>; nalles hearpan
+swêg (sceal) wîgend weccean (<i>the sound of the harp shall not wake
+up the warriors</i>), <a href="#li3025">3025</a>; ongunnon &thorn;â ... bæl-fýra mæst wîgend
+weccan (<i>the warriors then began to start the mightiest of funeral
+pyres</i>), <a href="#li3145">3145</a>; pret. sg. wehte hine wätre (<i>roused him with
+water</i>, i.e. Wîglâf recalled Beówulf to consciousness), <a href="#li2855">2855</a>.</p>
+
+<p>tô-weccan, <i>to stir up, rouse</i>: pret, pl. hû &thorn;â folc mid him
+(<i>with one another</i>), fæh&eth;e tô-wehton, <a href="#li2949">2949</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwed">wed</a>, st. n., (cf. wed-ding), <i>pledge</i>: dat. sg. hyldo tô
+wedde (<i>as a pledge of his favor</i>), <a href="#li2999">2999</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweder">weder</a>, st. n., <i>weather</i>: acc. pl. wuldor-torhtan weder,
+<a href="#li1137">1137</a>; gen. pl. wedera cealdost, <a href="#li546">546</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewef">wef</a>, st. n., <i>woof, weaving</i>: acc. pl. wîg-spêda
+ge-wiofu (<i>the woof of war-speed</i>: the battle-woof woven for weal
+or woe by the Walkyries; cf. Njals-saga, 158), <a href="#li698">698</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweg">weg</a>, st. m., <i>way</i>: acc. sg. on weg (<i>away, off</i>),
+<a href="#li264">264</a>, <a href="#li764">764</a>, <a href="#li845">845</a>, <a href="#li1431">1431</a>, <a href="#li2097">2097</a>; gyf &thorn;u on weg cymest (<i>if thou comest off
+safe</i>, i.e. from the battle with Grendel's mother), <a href="#li1383">1383</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+feor-, fold-, for&eth;-, wîd-weg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwegan">wegan</a>, st. v. w. acc., <i>to bear, wear, bring, possess</i>:
+subj. pres. nâh hwâ sweord wege (<i>I have none that may bear the
+sword</i>), <a href="#li2253">2253</a>; inf. nalles (sceal) eorl wegan mâ&eth;&eth;um tô ge-myndum
+(<i>no earl shall wear a memorial jewel</i>), <a href="#li3016">3016</a>; pret. ind. he &thorn;â
+frätwe wäg ... ofer ý&eth;a ful (<i>bore the jewels over the goblet of the
+waves</i>), <a href="#li1208">1208</a>; wäl-seaxe ... &thorn;ät he on byrnan wäg, <a href="#li2705">2705</a>; heortan
+sorge wäg (<i>bore heart's sorrow</i>); so, <a href="#li152">152</a>, <a href="#li1778">1778</a>, <a href="#li1932">1932</a>, <a href="#li2781">2781</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-wegan = <i>auferre, to carry off</i>: sy&eth;&eth;an Hâma ät-wäg tô &thorn;ære
+byrhtan byrig Brosinga mene (<i>since H. bore from the bright city the
+Brosing-collar</i>), <a href="#li1199">1199</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewegan">wegan</a> (O.N. wega), <i>to fight</i>: inf. &thorn;e he wi&eth; &thorn;am wyrme
+ge-wegan sceolde, <a href="#li2401">2401</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwel">wel</a>, adv.: 1) <i>well</i>: wel bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e ... (<i>well for him
+that ...!</i>), <a href="#li186">186</a>; se &thorn;e wel &thorn;ence&eth; (<i>he that well thinketh,
+judgeth</i>), <a href="#li289">289</a>; so, <a href="#li640">640</a>, <a href="#li1046">1046</a>, <a href="#li1822">1822</a>, <a href="#li1834">1834</a>, <a href="#li1952">1952</a>, <a href="#li2602">2602</a>; well, <a href="#li2163">2163</a>,
+<a href="#li2813">2813</a>.&mdash;2) <i>very, very much</i>: Geát ungemetes wel ... restan lyste
+(<i>the Geat longed sorely to rest</i>), <a href="#li1793">1793</a>.&mdash;3) <i>indeed, to be
+sure</i>, <a href="#li2571">2571</a>, <a href="#li2856">2856</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwela">wela</a>, w. m., <i>wealth, goods, possessions</i>: in comp. ær-,
+burg-, hord-, mâ&eth;&eth;um-wela.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwelhwylc">wel-hwylc</a>, indef. pron., = quivis, <i>any you please, any</i>
+(each, all): gen. pl. wel-hwylcra wilna, <a href="#li1345">1345</a>; w. partitive gen.: nom.
+sg. witena wel-hwylc, <a href="#li266">266</a>;&mdash;substantively: acc. neut. wel-hwylc, <a href="#li875">875</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwelig">welig</a>, adj., <i>wealthy, rich</i>: acc. sg. wîc-stede weligne
+Wægmundinga, <a href="#li2608">2608</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwelthungen">wel-&thorn;ungen</a>, pres. part., <i>well-thriven</i> (in mind),
+<i>mature, high-minded</i>: nom. sg. Hygd (wäs) swî&eth;e geong, wîs,
+wel-&thorn;ungen, <a href="#li1928">1928</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwenian">wenian</a>, w. v., <i>to accustom, attract, honor</i>: subj. pret.
+&thorn;ät ... Folcwaldan sunu ... Hengestes heáp hringum wenede (<i>sh.
+honor</i>), <a href="#li1092">1092</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-(bi-)wenian, <i>entertain, care for, attend</i>: pret. sg. mäg &thorn;äs
+&thorn;onne of-&thorn;yncan &thorn;eóden Hea&eth;o-beardna ... &thorn;onne he mid fæmnan on flet
+gæ&eth;, dryht-bearn Dena dugu&eth;a bi-wenede (<i>may well displease the
+prince of the H.... when he with the woman goes into the hall, that a
+noble scion of the Danes should entertain, bear wine to, the
+knights</i>, cf. <a href="#li494">494</a> seqq.; or, <i>a noble scion of the Danes should
+attend on her?</i>), <a href="#li2036">2036</a>; pret. part. nom. pl. wæron her tela willum
+be-wenede, <a href="#li1822">1822</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwendan">wendan</a>, w. v., <i>to turn</i>: pres. sg. III. him eal worold
+wende&eth; on willan (<i>all the world turns at his will</i>), <a href="#li1740">1740</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wendan, w. acc.: l) <i>to turn, turn round</i>: pret. sg. wicg
+gewende (<i>turned his horse</i>), <a href="#li315">315</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to turn</i> (intrans.),
+<i>change</i>: inf. wâ bi&eth; &thorn;äm &thorn;e sceal ... frôfre ne wênan, wihte
+ge-wendan (<i>woe to him that shall have no hope, shall not change at
+all</i>), <a href="#li186">186</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-wendan, <i>to avert, set aside</i>: 1) w. acc.: inf. ne mihte
+snotor häle&eth; weán on-wendan, <a href="#li191">191</a>.&mdash;2) intrans.: sibb æfre ne mäg wiht
+on-wendan &thorn;am &thorn;e wel &thorn;ence&eth; (<i>in, to, him that is well thinking
+friendship can not be set aside</i>), <a href="#li2602">2602</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwer">wer</a>, st. m., <i>man, hero</i>: nom. sg. (Grendel), <a href="#li105">105</a>; acc.
+sg. wer (Beówulf), <a href="#li1269">1269</a>, <a href="#li3174">3174</a>; gen. sg. on weres wästmum (<i>in man's
+form</i>), <a href="#li1353">1353</a>; nom. pl. weras, <a href="#li216">216</a>, <a href="#li1223">1223</a>, <a href="#li1234">1234</a>, <a href="#li1441">1441</a>, <a href="#li1651">1651</a>; dat. pl.
+werum, <a href="#li1257">1257</a>; gen. pl. wera, <a href="#li120">120</a>, <a href="#li994">994</a>, <a href="#li1732">1732</a>, <a href="#li3001">3001</a>; (MS. weora), <a href="#li2948">2948</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwered">wered</a>, st. n., (as adj. = <i>sweet</i>), <i>a sort of beer</i>
+(probably without hops or such ingredients): acc. sg. scîr wered, <a href="#li496">496</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerefeohte">were-feohte</a>, f., <i>defensive fight, fight in self-defence</i>:
+dat. pl. for were-fyhtum (fere fyhtum, MS.), <a href="#li457">457</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerhtho">werh&eth;o</a>, st. f., <i>curse, outlawry, condemnation</i>: acc. sg.
+&thorn;u in helle scealt werh&eth;o dreógan, <a href="#li590">590</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerian">werian</a>, <i>to defend, protect</i>: w. vb., pres. sg. III.
+beaduscrûda ... &thorn;ät mîne breóst were&eth;, <a href="#li453">453</a>; inf. wit unc wi&eth; hron-fixas
+werian &thorn;ôhton, <a href="#li541">541</a>; pres. part. w. gen. pl. wergendra tô lyt (<i>too
+few defenders</i>), <a href="#li2883">2883</a>; pret. ind. wäl-reáf werede (<i>guarded the
+battle-spoil</i>), <a href="#li1206">1206</a>; se hwîta helm hafelan werede (<i>the shining
+helm protected his head</i>), <a href="#li1449">1449</a>; pl. hafelan weredon, <a href="#li1328">1328</a>; pret.
+part. nom. pl. ge ... byrnum werede (<i>ye</i> ...
+<i>corselet-clad</i>), <a href="#li238">238</a>, <a href="#li2530">2530</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbewerian">werian</a>, <i>to protect, defend</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;ät hie ...
+leóda land-geweorc lâ&eth;um be-weredon scuccum and scinnum (<i>that they
+the people's land-work from foes, from monsters and demons, might
+defend</i>), 939</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerig">werig</a>, adj., <i>accursed, outlawed</i>: gen. sg. wergan gâstes
+(Grendel), <a href="#li133">133</a>; (of the devil), <a href="#li1748">1748</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerod">werod, weorod</a>, st. n., <i>band of men, warrior-troop</i>: nom.
+sg. werod, <a href="#li652">652</a>; weorod, <a href="#li290">290</a>, <a href="#li2015">2015</a>, <a href="#li3031">3031</a>; acc. sg. werod, <a href="#li319">319</a>; dat.
+instr. sg. weorode, <a href="#li1012">1012</a>, <a href="#li2347">2347</a>; werede, <a href="#li1216">1216</a>; gen. sg. werodes, <a href="#li259">259</a>;
+gen. pl. wereda, <a href="#li2187">2187</a>; weoroda, <a href="#li60">60</a>.&mdash;Comp.: eorl-, flet-werod.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwertheód">wer-&thorn;eód</a>, st. f., <i>people, humanity</i>: dat. sg. ofer
+wer-&thorn;eóde, <a href="#li900">900</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwesan">wesan</a>, v., <i>to be</i>: pres. sg. I. ic eom, <a href="#li335">335</a>, <a href="#li407">407</a>; II. &thorn;u
+eart, <a href="#li352">352</a>, <a href="#li506">506</a>; III. is, <a href="#li256">256</a>, <a href="#li272">272</a>, <a href="#li316">316</a>, <a href="#li343">343</a>, <a href="#li375">375</a>, <a href="#li473">473</a>, etc.; nu is
+&thorn;înes mägenes blæd âne hwîle (<i>the prime [fame?] of thy powers
+lasteth now for a while</i>), <a href="#li1762">1762</a>; ys, <a href="#li2911">2911</a>, <a href="#li3000">3000</a>, <a href="#li3085">3085</a>; pl. I. we
+synt, <a href="#li260">260</a>, <a href="#li342">342</a>; II. syndon, <a href="#li237">237</a>, <a href="#li393">393</a>; III. syndon, <a href="#li257">257</a>, <a href="#li361">361</a>, <a href="#li1231">1231</a>;
+synt, <a href="#li364">364</a>; sint, <a href="#li388">388</a>; subj. pres. sîe, <a href="#li435">435</a>, <a href="#li683">683</a>, etc.; sý, <a href="#li1832">1832</a>, etc.;
+sig, <a href="#li1779">1779</a>, etc.; imper. sg. II. wes, <a href="#li269">269</a> (cf. wassail, wes hæl), <a href="#li407">407</a>,
+<a href="#li1171">1171</a>, <a href="#li1220">1220</a>, <a href="#li1225">1225</a>, etc.; inf. wesan, <a href="#li272">272</a>, <a href="#li1329">1329</a>, <a href="#li1860">1860</a>, <a href="#li2709">2709</a>, etc. The
+inf. wesan must sometimes be supplied: nealles Hetware hrêmge &thorn;orfton
+(i.e. wesan) fê&eth;e-wîges, <a href="#li2364">2364</a>; so, <a href="#li2498">2498</a>, <a href="#li2660">2660</a>, <a href="#li618">618</a>, <a href="#li1858">1858</a>; pres. part.
+wesende, <a href="#li46">46</a>; dat. sg. wesendum, <a href="#li1188">1188</a>; pret. sg. I., III. wäs, <a href="#li11">11</a>, <a href="#li12">12</a>,
+<a href="#li18">18</a>, <a href="#li36">36</a>, <a href="#li49">49</a>, <a href="#li53">53</a>, etc.; wäs on sunde (<i>was a-swimming</i>), <a href="#li1619">1619</a>; so,
+<a href="#li848">848</a>, <a href="#li850">850</a>(?), <a href="#li970">970</a>, <a href="#li981">981</a>, <a href="#li1293">1293</a>; progressive, wäs secgende (for sæde),
+<a href="#li3029">3029</a>; II. wære, <a href="#li1479">1479</a>, etc.; pl. wæron, <a href="#li233">233</a>, <a href="#li536">536</a>, <a href="#li544">544</a>, etc.; wæran (w.
+reflex, him), <a href="#li2476">2476</a>; pret. subj. wære, <a href="#li173">173</a>, <a href="#li203">203</a>, <a href="#li594">594</a>, <a href="#li946">946</a>, etc.;
+progressive, myndgiend wære (for myndgie), <a href="#li1106">1106</a>.&mdash;Contracted neg.
+forms: , nis = ne + is, <a href="#li249">249</a>, <a href="#li1373">1373</a>, etc.; näs = ne + wäs, <a href="#li134">134</a>, <a href="#li1300">1300</a>,
+<a href="#li1922">1922</a>, <a href="#li2193">2193</a>, etc. (cf. uncontracted: ne wäs, <a href="#li890">890</a>, <a href="#li1472">1472</a>); næron = ne +
+wæron, <a href="#li2658">2658</a>; nære = ne + wære, <a href="#li861">861</a>, <a href="#li1168">1168</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glcnihtwesende">cniht-wesende</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêg">wêg</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwæg">wæg</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwên">wên</a>, st. f., <i>expectation, hope</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li735">735</a>, <a href="#li1874">1874</a>,
+<a href="#li2324">2324</a>; nu is leódum wên orleg-hwîle (gen.) (<i>now the people have
+weening of a time of strife</i>), <a href="#li2911">2911</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;äs ic wên häbbe
+(<i>as I hope, expect</i>), <a href="#li383">383</a>; so, &thorn;äs &thorn;e ic [wên] hafo, <a href="#li3001">3001</a>; wên
+ic talige, <a href="#li1846">1846</a>; dat. pl. bega on wênum <i>(in expectation of
+both</i>, i.e. the death and the return of Beówulf), <a href="#li2896">2896</a>. See
+<a class="glentry" href="#glorwêna">or-wêna</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwênan">wênan</a>, w. v., <i>to ween, expect, hope</i>: 1) absolutely;
+pres. sg. I. &thorn;äs ic wêne (<i>as I hope</i>), <a href="#li272">272</a>; swâ ic &thorn;e wêne tô
+<i>(as I hope thou wilt</i>: Beówulf hopes Hrô&eth;gâr will now suffer no
+more pain), <a href="#li1397">1397</a>.&mdash;2) w. gen. or acc. pres. sg. I. &thorn;onne wêne ic tô
+&thorn;e wyrsan ge-&thorn;inges, <a href="#li525">525</a>; ic &thorn;ær hea&eth;u-fýres hâtes wêne, <a href="#li2523">2523</a>; III.
+secce ne wêne&eth; to Gâr Denum (<i>weeneth not of contest with the
+Gar-Danes</i>), <a href="#li601">601</a>; inf. (beorhtre bôte) wênan (<i>to expect, count
+on, a brilliant</i> [? <i>a lighter penalty</i>] <i>atonement</i>), <a href="#li157">157</a>;
+pret. pl. &thorn;äs ne wêndon ær witan Scyldinga &thorn;ät ... <i>the wise men of
+the Scyldings weened not of this before, that</i>...), <a href="#li779">779</a>; &thorn;ät hig
+&thorn;äs ä&eth;elinges eft ne wêndon &thorn;ät he ... sêcean côme <i>(that they looked
+not for the atheling again that he</i> ... <i>would come to
+seek</i> ...), <a href="#li1598">1598</a>.&mdash;3) w. acc. inf.: pret. sg. wênde, <a href="#li934">934</a>.&mdash;4) w.
+depend, clause: pres. sg. I. wêne ic &thorn;ät..., <a href="#li1185">1185</a>; wên' ic &thorn;ät...,
+<a href="#li338">338</a>, <a href="#li442">442</a>; pret. sg. wênde, <a href="#li2330">2330</a>; pl. wêndon, <a href="#li938">938</a>, <a href="#li1605">1605</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêpan">wêpan</a>, st. v., <i>to weep</i>: pret. sg. [weóp], <a href="#li3152">3152</a> (?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwerig">werig</a>, adj., <i>weary, exhausted</i>, w. gen.: nom. sg. si&eth;es
+wêrig (<i>weary from the journey, way-weary</i>), <a href="#li579">579</a>; dat. sg. si&eth;es
+wêrgum, <a href="#li1795">1795</a>;&mdash;w. instr.: acc. pl. wundum wêrge <i>(wound-weary</i>),
+<a href="#li2938">2938</a>.&mdash;Comp.: deá&eth;-, fyl-, gû&eth;-wêrig.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewerigean">werigean</a>, w. v., <i>to weary, exhaust</i>: pret. part.
+ge-wêrgad, <a href="#li2853">2853</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêrigmôd">wêrig-môd</a>, adj., <i>weary-minded (animo defessus)</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li845">845</a>, <a href="#li1544">1544</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêste">wêste</a>, adj., <i>waste, uninhabited</i>: acc. sg. win-sele
+wêstne, <a href="#li2457">2457</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêsten">wêsten</a>, st. n., <i>waste, wilderness</i>: acc. sg. wêsten,
+<a href="#li1266">1266</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwêsten">wêsten</a>, st. f., <i>waste, wilderness</i>: dat. sg. on &thorn;ære
+wêstenne, <a href="#li2299">2299</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweal">weal</a>, st. m.: 1 <i>wall, rampart</i>: dat. instr. sg. wealle,
+<a href="#li786">786</a>, <a href="#li892">892</a>, <a href="#li3163">3163</a>; gen. sg. wealles, <a href="#li2308">2308</a>.&mdash;2) <i>elevated
+sea-shore</i>: dat. sg. of wealle, <a href="#li229">229</a>; acc. pl. windige weallas, <a href="#li572">572</a>,
+<a href="#li1225">1225</a>.&mdash;3) <i>wall of a building</i>: acc, sg. wi&eth; &thorn;äs recedes weal,
+<a href="#li326">326</a>; dat. sg. be wealle, <a href="#li1574">1574</a>; hence, the inner and outer rock-walls
+of the dragon's lair (cf. Heyne's essay: Halle Heorot, p. 59): dat.
+sg., <a href="#li2308">2308</a>, <a href="#li2527">2527</a>, <a href="#li2717">2717</a>, <a href="#li2760">2760</a>, <a href="#li3061">3061</a>, <a href="#li3104">3104</a>; gen. sg. wealles,
+<a href="#li2324">2324</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bord-, eor&eth;-, sæ-, scyld-weal.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewealc">wealc</a>, st. n., <i>rolling</i>: acc. sg. ofer ý&eth;a ge-wealc,
+<a href="#li464">464</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeweald">weald</a>, st. n., <i>power, might</i>: acc. sg. on feónda
+ge-weald <i>(into the power of his foes</i>), <a href="#li809">809</a>, <a href="#li904">904</a>; so, <a href="#li1685">1685</a>;
+geweald âgan, häbban, â-beódan (w. gen. of object = <i>to present) =
+to have power over</i>, <a href="#li79">79</a>, <a href="#li655">655</a>, <a href="#li765">765</a>, <a href="#li951">951</a>, <a href="#li1088">1088</a>, <a href="#li1611">1611</a>, <a href="#li1728">1728</a>. See
+on-<a class="glentry" href="#glonweald">weald</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwealdan">wealdan</a>, st. v., <i>to wield, govern, rule over, prevail</i>:
+1) absolutely or with depend, clause: inf. gif he wealdan môt (<i>if
+he may prevail</i>), <a href="#li442">442</a>; &thorn;ær he ... wealdan môste swâ him Wyrd ne
+ge-scrâf (<i>if [where?] he was to prevail, as Weird had not destined
+for him</i>), <a href="#li2575">2575</a>; pres. part. waldend (<i>God</i>), <a href="#li1694">1694</a>; dat.
+wealdende, <a href="#li2330">2330</a>; gen. waldendes, <a href="#li2293">2293</a>, <a href="#li2858">2858</a>, <a href="#li3110">3110</a>.&mdash;2) with instr. or
+dat.: inf. &thorn;âm wæpnum wealdan (<i>to wield, prevail with, the
+weapons</i>), <a href="#li2039">2039</a>; Geátum wealdan (<i>to rule the Geátas</i>), <a href="#li2391">2391</a>;
+&thorn;eáh-hordum wealdan (<i>to rule over, control, the treasure of
+rings</i>), <a href="#li2828">2828</a>; wäl-stôwe wealdan (<i>to hold the field of
+battle</i>), <a href="#li2985">2985</a>; pret. sg. weóld, <a href="#li465">465</a>, <a href="#li1058">1058</a>, <a href="#li2380">2380</a>, <a href="#li2596">2596</a>; &thorn;enden
+wordum weóld wine Scyldinga (<i>while the friend of the S. ruled the
+G.</i>), <a href="#li30">30</a>; pl. weóldon, <a href="#li2052">2052</a>.&mdash;3) with gen.: pres. sg. I. &thorn;enden ic
+wealde wîdan rîces, <a href="#li1860">1860</a>; pres. part. wuldres wealdend(waldend), <a href="#li17">17</a>,
+<a href="#li183">183</a>, <a href="#li1753">1753</a>; weard, <a href="#li2514">2514</a>; the <i>'dragon</i> is called ylda waldend,
+<a href="#li1662">1662</a>; waldend fira, <a href="#li2742">2742</a>; sigora waldend, <a href="#li2876">2876</a> (designations of God);
+pret. sg. weóld, <a href="#li703">703</a>, <a href="#li1771">1771</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wealdan, <i>to wield, have power over, arrange</i>: 1) w. acc.:
+pret. sg. hâlig god ge-weóld wîg-sigor, <a href="#li1555">1555</a>.&mdash;2) w. dat.: pret.
+cyning ge-weóld his ge-witte (<i>the king possessed his senses</i>),
+<a href="#li2704">2704</a>.&mdash;3) w. gen.: inf. he ne mihte nô ... wæpna ge-wealdan, <a href="#li1510">1510</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wealden, pret. part., <i>subject, subjected</i>: acc. pl. gedê&eth; him
+swâ gewealdene worolde dælas, <a href="#li1733">1733</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweallan">weallan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to toss, be agitated</i> (of the sea):
+pres. part. nom. pl. wadu weallende (weallendu), <a href="#li546">546</a>, <a href="#li581">581</a>; nom. sg.
+brim weallende, <a href="#li848">848</a>; pret. ind. weól, <a href="#li515">515</a>, <a href="#li850">850</a>, <a href="#li1132">1132</a>; weóll, <a href="#li2139">2139</a>.&mdash;2)
+figuratively (of emotions), <i>to be agitated</i>: pres. pl. III.
+sy&eth;&eth;an Ingelde wealla&eth; wäl-nî&eth;as (<i>deadly hate thus agitates
+Ingeld</i>), <a href="#li2066">2066</a>; pres. part. weallende, <a href="#li2465">2465</a>; pret. sg. hre&eth;er inne
+weóll (<i>his heart was moved within him</i>), <a href="#li2114">2114</a>; hre&eth;er æ&eth;me weóll
+(<i>his breast</i> [the dragon's] <i>swelled from breathing,
+snorting</i>), <a href="#li2594">2594</a>; breóst innan weóll &thorn;eóstrum ge-&thorn;oncum, <a href="#li2332">2332</a>; so,
+weóll, <a href="#li2600">2600</a>, <a href="#li2715">2715</a>, <a href="#li2883">2883</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweallclif">weall-clif</a>, st. n., <i>sea-cliff</i>: acc. sg. ofer weall-clif,
+<a href="#li3133">3133</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweallian">weallian</a>, w. v., <i>to wander, rove about</i>: pres. part. in
+comp. heoro-weallende, <a href="#li2782">2782</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweard">weard</a>, st. m., <i>warden, guardian; owner</i>: nom. sg. weard
+Scyldinga (<i>the Scyldings' warden of the march</i>), <a href="#li229">229</a>; weard,
+<a href="#li286">286</a>, <a href="#li2240">2240</a>; se weard, sâwele hyrde, <a href="#li1742">1742</a>; the <i>king</i> is called
+beáh-horda weard, <a href="#li922">922</a>; rîces weard, <a href="#li1391">1391</a>; folces weard, <a href="#li2514">2514</a>; the
+<i>dragon</i> is called weard, <a href="#li3061">3061</a>; weard un-hióre, <a href="#li2414">2414</a>; beorges
+weard, <a href="#li2581">2581</a>; acc. sg, weard, <a href="#li669">669</a>; (dragon), <a href="#li2842">2842</a>; beorges weard
+(dragon), <a href="#li2525">2525</a>, <a href="#li3067">3067</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bât-, ê&eth;el-, gold-, heáfod-, hord-,
+hý&eth;-, land-, rên-, sele-, yrfe-weard.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweard">weard</a>, st. m., <i>possession</i> (Dietrich in Haupt XI., 415):
+in comp. eor&eth;-weard, <a href="#li2335">2335</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweard">weard</a>, st. f., <i>watch, ward</i>: acc. sg. wearde healdan,
+<a href="#li319">319</a>; wearde heóld, <a href="#li305">305</a>.&mdash;Comp. æg-weard.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweard">weard</a>, adj., <i>-ward</i>: in comp. and-, innan-, ût-weard,
+<a href="#li1288">1288</a>, etc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweardian">weardian</a>, w. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to watch, guard, keep</i>: inf.
+he his folme forlêt tô lîf-wra&eth;e, lâst weardian (<i>Grendel left his
+hand behind as a life-saver, to guard his track</i> [Kemble]), <a href="#li972">972</a>;
+pret. sg. him sió swî&eth;re swa&eth;e weardade hand on Hiorte (<i>his right
+hand kept guard for him in H.</i>, i.e. showed that he had been
+there), <a href="#li2099">2099</a>; sg. for pl. hýrde ic &thorn;ät &thorn;âm frätwum feówer mearas
+lungre gelîce last weardode (<i>I heard that four horses, quite alike,
+followed in the traces of the armor</i>), <a href="#li2165">2165</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to
+hold, possess, inhabit</i>: pret. sg. fîfel-cynnes eard ... weardode
+(<i>dwelt in the abode of the sea-fiends</i>), <a href="#li105">105</a>; reced weardode
+un-rîm eorla (<i>an immense number of earls held the hall</i>), <a href="#li1238">1238</a>;
+pl. &thorn;ær we gesunde säl weardodon, <a href="#li2076">2076</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwearh">wearh</a>, st. m., <i>the accursed one; wolf</i>: in comp.
+heoro-wearg, <a href="#li1268">1268</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwearn">wearn</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>resistance, refusal</i>, <a href="#li366">366</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>warning?, resistance?</i> See <a class="glentry" href="#glunwearnum">un-wearnum</a>, <a href="#li742">742</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweaxan">weaxan</a>, st. v., <i>to wax, grow</i>: pres. sg. III. ô&eth; &thorn;ät him on
+innan ofer-hygda dæl weaxe&eth; (<i>till within him pride waxeth</i>), <a href="#li1742">1742</a>;
+inf. weaxan, <a href="#li3116">3116</a>; pret. sg. weôx, <a href="#li8">8</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-weaxan, <i>to grow up</i>: pret. sg. oft &thorn;ät seó geogo&eth; ge-weôx,
+<a href="#li66">66</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-weaxan to, <i>to grow to</i> or <i>for something</i>: pret. sg. ne
+ge-weôx he him to willan (<i>grew not for their benefit</i>), <a href="#li1712">1712</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweá">weá</a>, w. m., <i>woe, evil, misfortune</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li937">937</a>; acc.
+sg. wean, <a href="#li191">191</a>, <a href="#li423">423</a>, <a href="#li1207">1207</a>, <a href="#li1992">1992</a>, <a href="#li2293">2293</a>, <a href="#li2938">2938</a>; gen. pl. weána, <a href="#li148">148</a>, <a href="#li934">934</a>,
+<a href="#li1151">1151</a>, <a href="#li1397">1397</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweálâf">weá-lâf</a>, st. f., <i>wretched remnant</i>: acc. pl. &thorn;â weá-lâfe
+(<i>the wretched remnant</i>, i.e. Finn's almost annihilated band),
+<a href="#li1085">1085</a>, <a href="#li1099">1099</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweáspel">weá-spel</a>, st. n., <i>woe-spell, evil tidings</i>: dat. sg.
+weá-spelle, <a href="#li1316">1316</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgeweoldum">weoldum</a>. See ge-<a class="glentry" href="#glgewild">wild</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorc">weorc</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>work, labor, deed</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li74">74</a>;
+(<i>war-deed</i>), <a href="#li1657">1657</a>; instr. sg. weorce, <a href="#li1570">1570</a>; dat. pl. weorcum,
+<a href="#li2097">2097</a>; wordum ne (and) worcum, <a href="#li1101">1101</a>, <a href="#li1834">1834</a>; gen. pl. worda and worca,
+<a href="#li289">289</a>.&mdash;2) <i>work, trouble, suffering</i>: acc. sg. &thorn;äs gewinnes weorc
+(<i>misery on account of this strife</i>), <a href="#li1722">1722</a>; dat. pl. adv. weorcum
+(<i>with labor</i>), <a href="#li1639">1639</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bædo-, ellen-, hea&eth;o-, niht-weorc.</p>
+
+<p>ge-weorc, st. n.: 1) <i>work, deed, labor</i>: nom. acc. sg., <a href="#li455">455</a>,
+<a href="#li1563">1563</a>, <a href="#li1682">1682</a>, <a href="#li2718">2718</a>, <a href="#li2775">2775</a>; gen. sg. ge-weorces, <a href="#li2712">2712</a>. Comp.: ær-, fyrn-,
+gû&eth;-, hond-, nî&eth;-ge-weorc.&mdash;2) <i>fortification, rampart</i>: in comp.
+land-geweorc, <a href="#li939">939</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorce">weorce</a>, adj., <i>painful, bitter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1419">1419</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorth">weor&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>precious object, valuable</i>: dat. sg.
+weor&eth;e, <a href="#li2497">2497</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorth">weor&eth;</a>, adj., <i>dear, precious</i>: nom. sg. weor&eth; Denum
+ä&eth;eling (<i>the atheling dear to the Danes</i>, Beówulf), <a href="#li1815">1815</a>;
+compar. nom. sg. &thorn;ät he sy&eth;&eth;an wäs ... mâ&eth;me &thorn;ý weor&eth;ra (<i>more
+honored from the jewel</i>), <a href="#li1903">1903</a>; cf. <a class="glentry" href="#glwyrthe">wyr&eth;e</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthan">weor&eth;an</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to become</i>: pres. sg. III. beholen
+weor&eth;e&eth; (<i>is concealed</i>), <a href="#li414">414</a>; underne weor&eth;e&eth; (<i>becomes
+known</i>), <a href="#li2914">2914</a>; so, pl. III. weor&eth;a&eth;, <a href="#li2067">2067</a>; wur&eth;a&eth;, <a href="#li282">282</a>; inf.
+weor&eth;an, <a href="#li3179">3179</a>; wur&eth;an, <a href="#li808">808</a>; pret. sg. I., III. wear&eth;, <a href="#li6">6</a>, <a href="#li77">77</a>, <a href="#li149">149</a>, <a href="#li409">409</a>,
+<a href="#li555">555</a>, <a href="#li754">754</a>, <a href="#li768">768</a>, <a href="#li819">819</a>, <a href="#li824">824</a>, etc.; pl. wurdon, <a href="#li228">228</a>; subj. pret. wurde,
+<a href="#li2732">2732</a>.&mdash;2) inf. to frôfre weor&eth;an (<i>to become a help</i>), <a href="#li1708">1708</a>;
+pret. sg. wear&eth; he Hea&eth;olâfe tô hand-bonan, <a href="#li460">460</a>; so, wear&eth;, <a href="#li906">906</a>, <a href="#li1262">1262</a>;
+ne wear&eth; Heremôd swâ (i.e. to frôfre) eaforum Ecgwelan, <a href="#li1710">1710</a>; pl.
+wurdon, <a href="#li2204">2204</a>; subj. pret. sg. II. wurde, <a href="#li588">588</a>.&mdash;3) pret. sg. &thorn;ät he on
+fylle wear&eth; (<i>that he came to a fall</i>), <a href="#li1545">1545</a>.&mdash;4) <i>to happen,
+befall</i>: inf. unc sceal weor&eth;an ... swâ unc Wyrd ge-teó&eth; (<i>it
+shall befall us two as Fate decrees</i>), <a href="#li2527">2527</a>; &thorn;urh hwät his worulde
+gedâl weor&eth;an sceolde, <a href="#li3069">3069</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;â &thorn;ær sôna wear&eth; ed-hwyrft
+eorlum (<i>there was soon a renewal to the earls</i>, i.e. of the
+former perils), <a href="#li1281">1281</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-weor&eth;an: 1) <i>to become</i>: pret. sg. ge-wear&eth;, <a href="#li3062">3062</a>; pret. part.
+cearu wäs geniwod ge-worden (<i>care was renewed</i>), <a href="#li1305">1305</a>; swâ us
+ge-worden is, <a href="#li3079">3079</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to finish; complete?</i>: inf. &thorn;ät &thorn;u ...
+lête Sû&eth;-Dene sylfe ge-weor&eth;an gû&eth;e wi&eth; Grendel (<i>that thou wouldst
+let the S. D. put an end to their war with Grendel</i>), <a href="#li1997">1997</a>.&mdash;3)
+impersonally with acc., <i>to agree, decide</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;â &thorn;äs
+monige ge-wear&eth; &thorn;ät ... (<i>since many agreed that</i> ...), <a href="#li1599">1599</a>;
+pret. part. hafa&eth; &thorn;äs ge-worden wine Scyldinga, rîces hyrde, and &thorn;ät
+ræd tala&eth; &thorn;ät he ... (<i>therefore hath it so appeared(?) advisable to
+the friend of the S., the guardian of the realm, and he counts it a
+gain that</i> ...), <a href="#li2027">2027</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthful">weor&eth;-ful</a>, adj., <i>glorious, full of worth</i>: nom. sg.
+weor&eth;-fullost, <a href="#li3100">3100</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthian">weor&eth;ian</a>, w. v., <i>to honor, adorn</i>: pret. sg. &thorn;ær ic ...
+&thorn;îne leóde weor&eth;ode weorcum (<i>there honored I thy people by my
+deeds</i>), <a href="#li2097">2097</a>; subj. pret. (&thorn;ät he) ät feoh-gyftum ... Dene
+weor&eth;ode (<i>that he would honor the Danes at, by,
+treasure-giving</i>), <a href="#li1091">1091</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-weor&eth;ian, ge-wur&eth;ian, <i>to deck, ornament</i>: pret. part. hire
+sy&eth;&eth;an wäs äfter beáh-&thorn;ege breóst ge-weor&eth;od, <a href="#li2177">2177</a>; wæpnum ge-weor&eth;ad,
+<a href="#li250">250</a>; since ge-weor&eth;ad, <a href="#li1451">1451</a>; so, ge-wur&eth;ad, <a href="#li331">331</a>, <a href="#li1039">1039</a>, <a href="#li1646">1646</a>; wide
+ge-weor&eth;ad (<i>known, honored, afar</i>), <a href="#li1960">1960</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthlîce">weor&eth;-lîce</a>, adv., <i>worthily, nobly</i>: superl. weor&eth;-lîcost,
+<a href="#li3163">3163</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthmynd">weor&eth;-mynd</a>, st. f. n., <i>dignity, honor, glory</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li65">65</a>; acc. sg. geseah &thorn;â eald sweord ..., wîgena weor&eth;mynd (<i>saw an
+ancient sword there, the glory of warriors</i>), <a href="#li1560">1560</a>; dat. instr. pl.
+weor&eth;-myndum, <a href="#li8">8</a>; tô wor&eth;-myndum, <a href="#li1187">1187</a>; gen. pl. weor&eth;-mynda dæl, <a href="#li1753">1753</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorthung">weor&eth;ung</a>, st. f., <i>ornament</i>: in comp. breóst-,
+hâm-, heorft-, hring-, wîg-weor&eth;ung.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorod">weorod</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwerod">werod</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweorpan">weorpan</a>, st. v.: 1) <i>to throw, cast away</i>, w. acc.: pret.
+sg. wearp &thorn;â wunden-mæl wrättum gebunden yrre oretta, &thorn;ät hit on
+eor&eth;an läg (<i>the wrathful warrior threw the ornamented sword, that
+it lay on the earth</i>), <a href="#li1532">1532</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to throw around</i> or
+<i>about</i>, w. instr.: pret. sg. beorges weard . .. wearp wäl-fýre
+(<i>threw death-fire around</i>), <a href="#li2583">2583</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to throw upon</i>: inf.
+he hine eft ongan wäteres (instr. gen.) weorpan (<i>began to cast
+water upon him again</i>), <a href="#li2792">2792</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-weorpan, w. acc., <i>to cast away, squander</i>: subj. pret. &thorn;ät
+he genunga gû&eth;-gewædu wrâ&eth;e for-wurpe (<i>that he squandered uselessly
+the battle-weeds</i>, i.e. gave them to the unworthy), <a href="#li2873">2873</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ofer-weorpan, <i>to stumble</i>: pret. sg. ofer-wearp &thorn;â ... wîgena
+strongest, <a href="#li1544">1544</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweotian">weotian</a>, w. v., <i>to provide with, adjust</i>(?): pret. part.
+acc. pl. wäl-bende weotode, <a href="#li1937">1937</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-weotian, be-witian, w. v. w. acc., <i>to regard, observe, care
+for</i>: pres. pl. III. be-witia&eth;, <a href="#li1136">1136</a>; pret. sg. &thorn;egn ... se &thorn;e ...
+ealle be-weotede &thorn;egnes &thorn;earfe (<i>who would attend to all the needs
+of a thane</i>), <a href="#li1797">1797</a>; draca se &thorn;e ... hord be-weotode (<i>the drake
+that guarded a treasure</i>), <a href="#li2213">2213</a>;&mdash;<i>to carry out, undertake</i>:
+pres. pl. III. &thorn;â ... oft be-witiga&eth; sorh-fulne sî&eth; on segl-râde, <a href="#li1429">1429</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwicg">wicg</a>, st. n., <i>steed, riding-horse</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1401">1401</a>; acc.
+sg. wicg, <a href="#li315">315</a>; dat. instr. sg. wicge, <a href="#li234">234</a>; on wicge, <a href="#li286">286</a>; acc. pl.
+wicg, <a href="#li2175">2175</a>; gen. pl. wicga, <a href="#li1046">1046</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewidor">widor</a>, st. n., <i>storm, tempest</i>: acc. pl. lâ&eth; ge-widru
+(<i>loathly weather</i>), <a href="#li1376">1376</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwith">wi&eth;</a> prep. w. dat. and acc., with fundamental meanings of division
+and opposition: 1) w. dat., <i>against, with</i> (in hostile sense),
+<i>from</i>: &thorn;â wi&eth; gode wunnon, <a href="#li113">113</a>; âna (wan) wi&eth; eallum, <a href="#li145">145</a>; ymb feorh
+sacan, lâ&eth; wi&eth; lâ&eth;um, <a href="#li440">440</a>; so, <a href="#li426">426</a>, <a href="#li439">439</a>, <a href="#li550">550</a>, <a href="#li2372">2372</a>, <a href="#li2521">2521</a>, <a href="#li2522">2522</a>, <a href="#li2561">2561</a>, <a href="#li2840">2840</a>,
+<a href="#li3005">3005</a>; &thorn;ät him holt-wudu ... helpan ne meahte, lind wi&eth; lîge, <a href="#li2342">2342</a>;
+hwät ... sêlest wære wi&eth; fær-gryrum tô ge-fremmanne, <a href="#li174">174</a>; &thorn;ät him gâst-bona
+geóce gefremede wi&eth; &thorn;eód-&thorn;reáum, <a href="#li178">178</a>; wi&eth; rihte wan (<i>strove against
+right</i>), <a href="#li144">144</a>; häfde ... sele Hrô&eth;gâres ge-nered wi&eth; nî&eth;e (<i>had saved
+H.'s hall from strife</i>), <a href="#li828">828</a>; (him dyrne langa&eth; ...) beorn wi&eth; blôde
+(<i>the hero longeth secretly contrary to his blood</i>, i.e. H. feels a
+secret longing for the non-related Beówulf), <a href="#li1881">1881</a>; sundur ge-dælan lîf wi&eth;
+lîce (<i>to sunder soul from body</i>), <a href="#li2424">2424</a>; streámas wundon sund wi&eth;
+sande (<i>the currents rolled the sea against the sand</i>), <a href="#li213">213</a>; lîg-ý&eth;um
+forborn bord wi&eth; ronde (rond, MS.) (<i>with waves of flame burnt the shield
+against, as far as, the rim</i>), <a href="#li2674">2674</a>; holm storme weól, won wi&eth; winde
+(<i>the sea surged, wrestled with the wind</i>), <a href="#li1133">1133</a>; so, hiora in ânum
+weóll sefa wi&eth; sorgum (<i>in one of them surged the soul with sorrow</i>
+[<i>against</i>?, Heyne]), <a href="#li2601">2601</a>; &thorn;ät hire wi&eth; healse heard grâpode (<i>that
+the sharp sword bit against her neck</i>), <a href="#li1567">1567</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc.: a)
+<i>against, towards</i>: wan wi&eth; Hrô&eth;gâr (<i>fought against H.</i>), <a href="#li152">152</a>;
+wi&eth; feónda gehwone, <a href="#li294">294</a>; wi&eth; wrâ&eth; werod, <a href="#li319">319</a>; so, <a href="#li540">540</a>, <a href="#li1998">1998</a>, <a href="#li2535">2535</a>; hine
+hâlig god ûs on-sende wi&eth; Grendles gryre, <a href="#li384">384</a>; &thorn;ät ic wi&eth; &thorn;one gû&eth;-flogan
+gylp ofer-sitte (<i>that I refrain from boastful speech against the
+battle-flier</i>), <a href="#li2529">2529</a>; ne wolde wi&eth; manna ge-hwone ... feorh-bealo feorran
+(<i>would not cease his life-plotting against any of the men</i>; or,
+<i>withdraw life-bale from</i>, etc.? or, <i>peace would not have with any
+man..., mortal bale withdraw</i>?, Kemble), <a href="#li155">155</a>; ic &thorn;â leóde wât ge wi&eth;
+feónd ge wi&eth; freónd fäste geworhte (<i>towards foe and friend</i>), <a href="#li1865">1865</a>;
+heóld heáh-lufan wi&eth; häle&eth;a brego (<i>cherished high love towards the
+prince of heroes</i>), <a href="#li1955">1955</a>; wi&eth; ord and wi&eth; ecge ingang forstôd
+(<i>prevented entrance to spear-point and sword-edge</i>), <a href="#li1550">1550</a>. b)
+<i>against, on, upon, in</i>: setton sîde scyldas ... wi&eth; &thorn;äs recedes weal
+(<i>against the wall of the hall</i>), <a href="#li326">326</a>; wi&eth; eor&eth;an fä&eth;m (eardodon)
+(<i>in the bosom of the earth</i>), <a href="#li3050">3050</a>; wi&eth; earm ge-sät (<i>sat on,
+against, his arm</i>), <a href="#li750">750</a>; so, stî&eth;-môd ge-stôd wi&eth; steápne rond, <a href="#li2567">2567</a>;
+[wi&eth; duru healle eode] (<i>went to the door of the hall</i>), <a href="#li389">389</a>; wi&eth;
+Hrefna-wudu (<i>over against, near, H.</i>), <a href="#li2926">2926</a>; wi&eth; his sylfes sunu setl
+ge-tæhte (<i>showed me to a seat with, near, beside, his own son</i>),
+<a href="#li2014">2014</a>. c) <i>towards, with</i> (of contracting parties): &thorn;ät hie healfre
+ge-weald wi&eth; Eotena bearn âgan môston (<i>that they power over half the
+hall with the Eotens' sons were to possess</i>), <a href="#li1089">1089</a>; &thorn;enden he wi&eth; wulf
+wäl reáfode (<i>whilst with the wolf he was robbing the slain</i>),
+<a href="#li3028">3028</a>.&mdash;3) Alternately with dat. and acc., <i>against</i>: nu wi&eth; Grendel
+sceal, wi&eth; &thorn;am aglæcan, âna gehegan &thorn;ing wi&eth; &thorn;yrse, <a href="#li424">424-426</a>;&mdash;<i>with,
+beside</i>: ge-sät &thorn;â wi&eth; sylfne..., mæg wi&eth; mæge, <a href="#li1978">1978-79</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwithergyld">wi&eth;er-gyld</a>, st. n., <i>compensation</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2052">2052</a>,
+[proper name?].</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwitherrähtes">wi&eth;er-rähtes</a>, adv., <i>opposite, in front of</i>, <a href="#li3040">3040</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwithre">wi&eth;re</a>, st. n., <i>resistance</i>: gen. sg. wi&eth;res ne trûwode,
+<a href="#li2954">2954</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwigweorthung">wig-weor&eth;ung</a>, st. f., <i>idol-worship, idolatry, sacrifice to
+idols</i>: acc. pl. -weor&eth;unga, <a href="#li176">176</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwiht">wiht</a>, st. f.: 1) <i>wight, creature, demon</i>: nom. sg. wiht
+unhælo (<i>the demon of destruction</i>, Grendel), <a href="#li120">120</a>; acc. sg.
+syllîcran wiht (the dragon), <a href="#li3039">3039</a>.&mdash;2) <i>thing, something, aught</i>:
+nom. sg. w. negative, ne hine wiht dwele&eth; (<i>nor does aught check
+him</i>), <a href="#li1736">1736</a>; him wiht ne speów (<i>it helped him naught</i>), <a href="#li2855">2855</a>;
+acc. sg. ne him &thorn;äs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde (<i>nor did he count the
+worm's warring for aught</i>), <a href="#li2349">2349</a>; ne meahte ic ... wiht gewyrcan
+<i>(I could not do aught</i> ...), <a href="#li1661">1661</a>;&mdash;w. partitive gen.: nô ... wiht
+swylcra searo-ni&eth;a, <a href="#li581">581</a>;&mdash;the acc. sg. = adv. like Germ. <i>nicht</i>:
+ne hie hûru wine-drihten wiht ne lôgon (<i>did not blame their
+friendly lord aught</i>), <a href="#li863">863</a>; so, ne wiht = <i>naught, in no
+wise</i>, <a href="#li1084">1084</a>, <a href="#li2602">2602</a>, <a href="#li2858">2858</a>; nô wiht, <a href="#li541">541</a>; instr. sg. wihte (<i>in
+aught, in any way</i>), <a href="#li1992">1992</a>; ne ... wihte (<i>by no means</i>), <a href="#li186">186</a>,
+<a href="#li2278">2278</a>, <a href="#li2688">2688</a>; wihte ne, <a href="#li1515">1515</a>, <a href="#li1996">1996</a>, <a href="#li2465">2465</a>, <a href="#li2924">2924</a>.&mdash;Comp.: â-wiht (âht =
+<i>aught</i>), äl-wiht, ô-wiht.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilcuma">wil-cuma</a>, w. m., <i>one welcome</i> (qui gratus advenit): nom.
+pl. wil-cuman Denigea leódum (<i>welcome to the people of the
+Danes</i>), <a href="#li388">388</a>; so, him (the lord of the Danes) wil-cuman, <a href="#li394">394</a>;
+wil-cuman Wedera leódum (<i>welcome to the Geátas</i>), <a href="#li1895">1895</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewild">wild</a>, st. f., <i>free-will</i>? dat. pl. nealles mid
+ge-weoldum (<i>sponte, voluntarily</i>, Bugge), <a href="#li2223">2223</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwildeór">wil-deór</a> (for wild-deór), st. n., <i>wild beast</i>: acc. pl.
+wil-deór, <a href="#li1431">1431</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilgesîth">wil-gesî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>chosen</i> or <i>willing companion</i>:
+nom. pl. -ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li23">23</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilgeofa">wil-geofa</a>, w. m., <i>ready giver</i> (= voti largitor: princely
+designation), <i>joy-giver</i>?: nom. sg. wil-geofa Wedra leóda, <a href="#li2901">2901</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilla">willa</a>, w. m.: 1) <i>will, wish, desire, sake</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li627">627</a>,
+<a href="#li825">825</a>; acc. sg. willan, <a href="#li636">636</a>, <a href="#li1740">1740</a>, <a href="#li2308">2308</a>, <a href="#li2410">2410</a>; instr. sg. ânes willan
+(<i>for the sake of one</i>), <a href="#li3078">3078</a>; so, <a href="#li2590">2590</a>; dat. sg. tô willan,
+<a href="#li1187">1187</a>, <a href="#li1712">1712</a>; instr. pl. willum (<i>according to wish</i>), <a href="#li1822">1822</a>; sylfes
+willum, <a href="#li2224">2224</a>, <a href="#li2640">2640</a>; gen. pl. wilna, <a href="#li1345">1345</a>.&mdash;2) <i>desirable thing,
+valuable</i>: gen. pl. wilna, <a href="#li661">661</a>, <a href="#li951">951</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwillan">willan</a>, aux. v., <i>will</i>: in pres. also <i>shall</i> (when
+the future action is depend. on one's free will): pres. sg. I. wille
+ic â-secgan (<i>I will set forth, tell out</i>), <a href="#li344">344</a>; so, <a href="#li351">351</a>, <a href="#li427">427</a>; ic
+tô sæ wille (<i>I will to sea</i>), <a href="#li318">318</a>; wylle, <a href="#li948">948</a>, <a href="#li2149">2149</a>, <a href="#li2513">2513</a>; sg.
+II. &thorn;u wylt, <a href="#li1853">1853</a>; sg. III. he wile, <a href="#li346">346</a>, <a href="#li446">446</a>, <a href="#li1050">1050</a>, <a href="#li1182">1182</a>, <a href="#li1833">1833</a>; wyle,
+<a href="#li2865">2865</a>; wille, <a href="#li442">442</a>, <a href="#li1004">1004</a>, <a href="#li1185">1185</a>, <a href="#li1395">1395</a>; ær he in wille (<i>ere he will
+in</i>, i.e. go or flee into the fearful sea), <a href="#li1372">1372</a>; wylle, <a href="#li2767">2767</a>; pl.
+I. we ... wylla&eth;, <a href="#li1819">1819</a>; pret. sg. I., III. wolde, <a href="#li68">68</a>, <a href="#li154">154</a>, <a href="#li200">200</a>, <a href="#li646">646</a>,
+<a href="#li665">665</a>, <a href="#li739">739</a>, <a href="#li756">756</a>, <a href="#li797">797</a>, <a href="#li881">881</a>, etc.; nô ic fram him wolde (i.e. fleótan),
+<a href="#li543">543</a>; so, swâ he hira mâ wolde (i.e. â-cwellan), <a href="#li1056">1056</a>; pret. pl.
+woldon, <a href="#li482">482</a>, <a href="#li2637">2637</a>, <a href="#li3173">3173</a>; subj. pret., <a href="#li2730">2730</a>.&mdash;Forms contracted w.
+negative: pres. sg. I. nelle (= ne + wille, <i>I will not</i>, nolo),
+<a href="#li680">680</a>, <a href="#li2525">2525</a>(?); pret. sg. III. nolde (= ne + wolde), <a href="#li792">792</a>, <a href="#li804">804</a>, <a href="#li813">813</a>, <a href="#li1524">1524</a>;
+w. omitted inf. &thorn;â metod nolde, <a href="#li707">707</a>, <a href="#li968">968</a>; pret. subj. nolde, <a href="#li2519">2519</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilnian">wilnian</a>, w. v., <i>to long for, beseech</i>: inf. wel bi&eth; &thorn;äm
+&thorn;e môt ... tô fäder fä&eth;mum freo&eth;o wilnian (<i>well for him that may
+beseech protection in the Father's arms</i>), <a href="#li188">188</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwilsîth">wil-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>chosen journey</i>: acc. sg. wil-sî&eth;, <a href="#li216">216</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewin">win</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>strife, struggle, enmity, conflict</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li878">878</a>; &thorn;â hie ge-win drugon (<i>endured strife</i>), <a href="#li799">799</a>;
+under ý&eth;a ge-win (<i>under the tumult of the waves</i>), <a href="#li1470">1470</a>; gen.
+sg. &thorn;äs ge-winnes weorc (<i>misery for this strife</i>), <a href="#li1722">1722</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>suffering, oppression</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li133">133</a>, <a href="#li191">191</a>; acc. sg. eald
+ge-win, <a href="#li1782">1782</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyrn-, ý&eth;-ge-win.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwînärn">wîn-ärn</a>, st. n., <i>hall of hospitality, hall, wine-hall</i>:
+gen. sg. wîn-ärnes, <a href="#li655">655</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwind">wind</a>, st. m., <i>wind, storm</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li547">547</a>, <a href="#li1375">1375</a>, <a href="#li1908">1908</a>;
+dat. instr. sg. winde, <a href="#li217">217</a>; wi&eth; winde, <a href="#li1133">1133</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwindan">windan</a>, st. v.: 1) intrans., <i>to wind, whirl</i>: pret. sg.
+wand tô wolcnum wäl-fýra mæst, <a href="#li1120">1120</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc., <i>to twist, wind,
+curl</i>: pret. pl. streámas wundon sund wi&eth; sande, <a href="#li212">212</a>; pret. part.
+wunden gold (<i>twisted, spirally-twined, gold</i>), <a href="#li1194">1194</a>, <a href="#li3135">3135</a>;
+instr. pl. wundnum (wundum, MS.) golde, <a href="#li1383">1383</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-windan, <i>to wrest one's self from, escape</i>: pret. sg. se &thorn;äm
+feónde ät-wand, <a href="#li143">143</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-windan, <i>to wind with</i> or <i>round, clasp, surround,
+envelop</i> (involvere): pret. sg. &thorn;e hit (the sword) mundum be-wand,
+<a href="#li1462">1462</a>; pret. part. wîrum be-wunden (<i>wound with wires</i>) <a href="#li1032">1032</a>;
+feorh ... flæsce be-wunden (<i>flesh-enclosed</i>), <a href="#li2425">2425</a>; gâr ... mundum
+be-wunden (<i>a spear grasped with the hands</i>), <a href="#li3023">3023</a>; iû-manna gold
+galdre be-wunden (<i>spell-encircled gold</i>), <a href="#li3053">3053</a>; (âstâh ...) lêg
+wôpe be-wunden (<i>uprose the flame mingled with a lament</i>), <a href="#li3147">3147</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-windan, <i>to writhe, get loose, escape</i>: inf. wîdre ge-windan
+(<i>to flee further</i>), <a href="#li764">764</a>; pret. sg. on fleám ge-wand, <a href="#li1002">1002</a>.</p>
+
+<p>on-windan, <i>to unwind, loosen</i>: pres. sg. (&thorn;onne fäder) on-winde&eth;
+wäl-râpas, <a href="#li1611">1611</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwindäg">win-däg</a>, st. m., <i>day of struggle</i> or <i>suffering</i>:
+dat. pl. on &thorn;yssum win-dagum (<i>in these days of sorrow</i>, i.e. of
+earthly existence), <a href="#li1063">1063</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwindbland (blond)">wind-bland (blond)</a>, st. n., <i>wind-roar</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3147">3147</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwindgereste">wind-gereste</a>, f., <i>resting-place of the winds</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2457">2457</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwindig">windig</a>, adj., <i>windy</i>: acc. pl. windige (weallas, nässas),
+<a href="#li572">572</a>, <a href="#li1359">1359</a>; windige weallas (wind geard weallas, MS.), <a href="#li1225">1225</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwine">wine</a>, st. m., <i>friend, protector</i>, especially the <i>beloved
+ruler</i>: nom. sg. wine Scyldinga, leóf land-fruma (Scyld), <a href="#li30">30</a>; wine
+Scyldinga (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li148">148</a>, <a href="#li1184">1184</a>. As vocative: mîn wine, <a href="#li2048">2048</a>; wine mîn,
+Beówulf (Hunfer&eth;), <a href="#li457">457</a>, <a href="#li530">530</a>, <a href="#li1705">1705</a>; acc. sg. holdne wine (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li376">376</a>;
+wine Deniga, Scyldinga, <a href="#li350">350</a>, <a href="#li2027">2027</a>; dat. sg. wine Scyldinga, <a href="#li170">170</a>; gen. sg.
+wines (Beówulf), <a href="#li3097">3097</a>; acc. pl. wine, <a href="#li21">21</a>; dat. pl. Denum eallum, winum
+Scyldinga, <a href="#li1419">1419</a>; gen. pl. winigea leásum, <a href="#li1665">1665</a>; winia bealdor,
+<a href="#li2568">2568</a>.&mdash;Comp.: freá-, freó-, gold-, gû&eth;-, mæg-wine.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwinedryhten">wine-dryhten</a>, st. m., (dominus amicus), <i>friendly lord, lord and
+friend</i>: acc. sg. wine-drihten, <a href="#li863">863</a>, <a href="#li1605">1605</a>; wine-dryhten, <a href="#li2723">2723</a>, <a href="#li3177">3177</a>;
+dat. sg. wine-drihtne, <a href="#li360">360</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwinegeômor">wine-geômor</a>, adj., <i>friend-mourning</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2240">2240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwineleás">wine-leás</a>, adj., <i>friendless</i>: dat. sg. wine-leásum, <a href="#li2614">2614</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwinemæg">wine-mæg</a>, st. m., <i>dear kinsman</i>: nom. pl. wine-mâgas, <a href="#li65">65</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewinna">winna</a>, w. m., <i>striver, struggler, foe</i>: comp. eald-,
+ealdor-gewinna.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwinnan">winnan</a>, st. v., <i>to struggle, fight</i>: pret. sg. III. wan
+âna wi&eth; eallum, <a href="#li144">144</a>; Grendel wan ... wi&eth; Hrô&eth;gâr, <a href="#li151">151</a>; holm ... won wi&eth;
+winde (<i>the sea fought with the wind</i>: cf. wan wind endi water,
+Heliand, 2244), <a href="#li1133">1133</a>; II. eart &thorn;u se Beówulf, se &thorn;e wi&eth; Brecan wunne,
+<a href="#li506">506</a>; pl. wi&eth; gode wunnon, <a href="#li113">113</a>; &thorn;ær &thorn;â graman wunnon (<i>where the foes
+fought</i>), <a href="#li778">778</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwînreced">wîn-reced</a>, st. n., <i>wine-hall, guest-hall, house for
+entertaining guests</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li715">715</a>, <a href="#li994">994</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwînsele">wîn-sele</a>, st. m., the same, <i>wine-hall</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li772">772</a>;
+dat. sg. wîn-sele, <a href="#li696">696</a> (cf. Heliand Glossary, 369 [364]).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwinter">winter</a>, st. m. n.: 1) <i>winter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1133">1133</a>, <a href="#li1137">1137</a>; acc.
+sg. winter, <a href="#li1129">1129</a>; gen. sg. wintres, <a href="#li516">516</a>.&mdash;2) <i>year</i> (counted by
+winters): acc. pl. fîftig wintru (neut.), <a href="#li2210">2210</a>; instr. pl. wintrum,
+<a href="#li1725">1725</a>, <a href="#li2115">2115</a>, <a href="#li2278">2278</a>; gen. pl. wintra, <a href="#li147">147</a>, <a href="#li264">264</a>, <a href="#li1928">1928</a>, <a href="#li2279">2279</a>, <a href="#li2734">2734</a>, <a href="#li3051">3051</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwintre">wintre</a>, adj., <i>so many winters</i> (old): in comp.
+syfan-wintre.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewislîce">wislîce</a>, adv., <i>certainly, undoubtedly</i>: superl.
+gewislîcost, <a href="#li1351">1351</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwist">wist</a>, st. f., fundamental meaning = <i>existentia</i>, hence:
+1) <i>good condition, happiness, abundance</i>: dat. sg. wuna&eth; he on
+wiste, <a href="#li1736">1736</a>.&mdash;2) <i>food, subsistence, booty</i>: dat. sg. &thorn;â wäs
+äfter wiste wôp up â-hafen (<i>a cry was then uplifted after the
+meal</i>, i.e. Grendel's meal of thirty men), <a href="#li128">128</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwistfyllo">wist-fyllo</a>, st. f., <i>fulness</i> or <i>fill of food, rich
+meal</i>: gen. sg. wist-fylle, <a href="#li735">735</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwit">wit</a>, st. n., (wit), <i>understanding</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li590">590</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyr-, in-wit.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wit, st. n.: 1) <i>consciousness</i>. dat. sg. ge-weóld his
+ge-witte, <a href="#li2704">2704</a>.&mdash;2) <i>heart, breast</i>: dat. sg. fýr unswî&eth;or weóll
+(<i>the fire surged less strongly from the dragon's breast</i>), <a href="#li2883">2883</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwit">wit</a>, pers. pron. dual of we, <i>we two</i>, <a href="#li535">535</a>, <a href="#li537">537</a>, <a href="#li539">539</a>, <a href="#li540">540</a>,
+<a href="#li544">544</a>, <a href="#li1187">1187</a>, etc. See <a class="glentry" href="#glunc">unc, uncer</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwita">wita, weota</a>, w. m., <i>counsellor, royal adviser</i>; pl.,
+<i>the king's council of nobles</i>: nom. pl. witan, <a href="#li779">779</a>: gen. pl.
+witena, <a href="#li157">157</a>, <a href="#li266">266</a>, <a href="#li937">937</a> weotena, <a href="#li1099">1099</a>.&mdash;Comp.: fyrn-, rûn-wita.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwitan">witan</a>, pret.-pres. v., <i>to wot, know</i>. 1) w. depend,
+clause: pres. sg. I., III. wât, <a href="#li1332">1332</a>, <a href="#li2657">2657</a>; ic on Higelâce wât &thorn;ät
+he ... (<i>I know as to H., that he</i> ...), <a href="#li1831">1831</a>; so, god wât on mec
+&thorn;ät ...(<i>God knows of me, that</i> ...), <a href="#li2651">2651</a>; sg. II. &thorn;u wâst, <a href="#li272">272</a>;
+weak pret. sg. I., III. wiste, <a href="#li822">822</a>; wisse, <a href="#li2340">2340</a>, <a href="#li2726">2726</a>; pl. wiston,
+<a href="#li799">799</a>, <a href="#li1605">1605</a>; subj. pres. I. gif ic wiste, <a href="#li2520">2520</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc. and inf.:
+pres. sg. I. ic wât, <a href="#li1864">1864</a>.&mdash;3) w. object, predicative part, or adj.:
+pret. sg. III. tô &thorn;äs he win-reced ... gearwost wisse, fättum fâhne,
+<a href="#li716">716</a>; so, <a href="#li1310">1310</a>; wiste &thorn;äm ahlæcan hilde ge-binged, <a href="#li647">647</a>.&mdash;4) w. acc.,
+<i>to know</i>: inf. witan, <a href="#li252">252</a>, <a href="#li288">288</a>; pret. sg. wisse, <a href="#li169">169</a>; wiste his
+fingra ge-weald on grames grâpum, <a href="#li765">765</a>; pl. II. wisson, <a href="#li246">246</a>; wiston,
+<a href="#li181">181</a>.</p>
+
+<p>nât = ne + wât, <i>I know not</i>: 1) elliptically with hwylc,
+indef. pronoun = <i>some or other</i>: scea&eth;a ic nât hwylc.&mdash;2) w.
+gen. and depend. clause: nât he &thorn;âra gôda, &thorn;ät he me on-geán sleá,
+<a href="#li682">682</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-witan, <i>to know, perceive</i>: inf. &thorn;äs &thorn;e hie gewis-lîcost
+ge-witan meahton, <a href="#li1351">1351</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-<a class="glentry" name="glbewitian">witian</a>. See be-<a class="glentry" href="#glbeweotian">weotian</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwitig">witig</a>, adj., <i>wise, sagacious</i>: nom. sg. witig god, <a href="#li686">686</a>,
+<a href="#li1057">1057</a>; witig drihten (God), <a href="#li1555">1555</a>; wittig drihten, <a href="#li1842">1842</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wittig, adj., <i>conscious</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li3095">3095</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewitnian">witnian</a>, w. v., <i>to chastise, punish</i>: wommum gewitnad
+(<i>punished with plagues</i>), <a href="#li3074">3074</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîc">wîc</a>, st. n., <i>dwelling, house</i>: acc. sg. wîc, <a href="#li822">822</a>,
+<a href="#li2590">2590</a>;&mdash;often in pl. because houses of nobles were complex: dat. wîcum,
+<a href="#li1305">1305</a>, <a href="#li1613">1613</a>, <a href="#li3084">3084</a>; gen. wîca, <a href="#li125">125</a>, <a href="#li1126">1126</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewîcan">wîcan</a>, st. v., <i>to soften, give way, yield</i> (here
+chiefly of swords): pret. sg. ge-wâc, <a href="#li2578">2578</a>, <a href="#li2630">2630</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîcstede">wîc-stede</a>, st. m., <i>dwelling-place</i>: nom. sg. <a href="#li2463">2463</a>; acc.
+sg. wîc-stede, <a href="#li2608">2608</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîd">wîd</a>, adj., <i>wide, extended</i>: 1) space: acc. sg. neut. ofer
+wîd wäter, <a href="#li2474">2474</a>; gen. sg. wîdan rîces, <a href="#li1860">1860</a>; acc. pl. wîde sî&eth;as,
+waro&eth;as, <a href="#li878">878</a>, <a href="#li1966">1966</a>.&mdash;2) temporal: acc. sg. wîdan feorh (acc. of time),
+<a href="#li2015">2015</a>; dat. sg. tô wîdan feore, <a href="#li934">934</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîde">wîde</a>, adv., <i>widely, afar</i>, <a href="#li18">18</a>, <a href="#li74">74</a>, <a href="#li79">79</a>, <a href="#li266">266</a>, <a href="#li1404">1404</a>, <a href="#li1589">1589</a>,
+<a href="#li1960">1960</a>, etc.; wîde cû&eth; (<i>widely, universally, known</i>), <a href="#li2136">2136</a>, <a href="#li2924">2924</a>;
+so, underne wîde, <a href="#li2914">2914</a>; wîde geond eor&eth;an (<i>over the whole earth,
+widely</i>), <a href="#li3100">3100</a>;&mdash;modifier of superl.: wreccena wîde mærost (<i>the
+most famous of wanderers, exiles</i>), <a href="#li899">899</a>.&mdash;Compar. wîdre, <a href="#li764">764</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîdcûth">wîd-cû&eth;</a>, adj., <i>widely known, very celebrated</i>: nom. sg.
+neut., <a href="#li1257">1257</a>; acc. sg. m. wîd-cû&eth;ne man (Beówulf), <a href="#li1490">1490</a>; wîd-cû&eth;ne
+weán, <a href="#li1992">1992</a>; wîd-cû&eth;es (Hrô&eth;gâr), <a href="#li1043">1043</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîdeferhth">wîde-ferh&eth;</a>, st. m. n., (<i>long life</i>), <i>great length of
+time</i>: acc. sg. as acc. of time: wîde-ferh&eth; (<i>down to distant
+times, always</i>), <a href="#li703">703</a>, <a href="#li938">938</a>; ealne wîde-ferh&eth;, <a href="#li1223">1223</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîdfloga">wîd-floga</a>, w. m., <i>wide-flier</i> (of the dragon): nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li2831">2831</a>; acc. sg. wîd-flogan, <a href="#li2347">2347</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîdscofen">wîd-scofen</a>, pret. part., <i>wide-spread</i>? <i>causing fear
+far and wide</i>? <a href="#li937">937</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîdweg">wîd-weg</a>, st. m., <i>wide way, long journey</i>: acc. pl.
+wîd-wegas, <a href="#li841">841</a>, <a href="#li1705">1705</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîf">wîf</a>, st. n., <i>woman, lady, wife</i>: nom. sg. freó-lîc wîf
+(Queen Wealh&thorn;eów), <a href="#li616">616</a>; wîf un-hýre (Grendel's mother), <a href="#li2121">2121</a>; acc. sg.
+drihtlîce wîf (Finn's wife), <a href="#li1159">1159</a>; instr. sg. mid &thorn;ý wîfe (Hrô&eth;gâr's
+daughter, Freáwaru), <a href="#li2029">2029</a>; dat. sg. &thorn;am wîfe (Wealh&thorn;eów), <a href="#li640">640</a>; gen.
+sg. wîfes (as opposed to <i>man</i>), <a href="#li1285">1285</a>; gen. pl. wera and wîfa,
+<a href="#li994">994</a>.&mdash;Comp.: aglæc-, mere-wîf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîflufe">wîf-lufe</a>, w. f., <i>wife-love, love for a wife, woman's
+love</i>: nom. pl. wîf-lufan, <a href="#li2066">2066</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîg">wîg</a>, st. m.: 1) <i>war, battle</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li23">23</a>, <a href="#li1081">1081</a>, <a href="#li2317">2317</a>,
+<a href="#li2873">2873</a>; acc. sg., <a href="#li686">686</a>, <a href="#li1084">1084</a>, <a href="#li1248">1248</a>; dat. sg. wîge, <a href="#li1338">1338</a>, <a href="#li2630">2630</a>; as instr.,
+<a href="#li1085">1085</a>; (wigge, MS.), <a href="#li1657">1657</a>, <a href="#li1771">1771</a>; gen. sg. wîges, <a href="#li65">65</a>, <a href="#li887">887</a>, <a href="#li1269">1269</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>valor, warlike prowess</i>: nom. sg. wäs his môd-sefa manegum
+ge-cý&eth;ed, wîg and wîsdôm, <a href="#li350">350</a>; wîg, <a href="#li1043">1043</a>; wîg ... eafo&eth; and ellen,
+<a href="#li2349">2349</a>; gen. sg. wîges, <a href="#li2324">2324</a>.&mdash;Comp. fê&eth;e-wîg.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîga">wîga</a>, w. m., <i>warrior, fighter</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li630">630</a>; dat. pl.
+wîgum, <a href="#li2396">2396</a>; gen. pl. wîgena, <a href="#li1544">1544</a>, <a href="#li1560">1560</a>, <a href="#li3116">3116</a>.&mdash;Comp.: äsc-, byrn-,
+gâr-, gû&eth;-, lind-, rand-, scyld-wîga.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgan">wîgan</a>, st. v., <i>to fight</i>: pres. sg. III. wîge&eth;, <a href="#li600">600</a>;
+inf., <a href="#li2510">2510</a>.</p>
+
+<p>wîgend, pres. part., <i>fighter, warrior</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3100">3100</a>; nom. pl.
+wîgend, <a href="#li1126">1126</a>, <a href="#li1815">1815</a>, <a href="#li3145">3145</a>; acc. pl. wîgend, <a href="#li3025">3025</a>; gen. pl. wîgendra,
+<a href="#li429">429</a>, <a href="#li900">900</a>, <a href="#li1973">1973</a>, <a href="#li2338">2338</a>.&mdash;Comp. gârwîgend.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgbealu">wîg-bealu</a>, st. n., <i>war-bale, evil contest</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2047">2047</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgbil">wîg-bil</a>, st. n., <i>war-bill, battle-sword</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1608">1608</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgbord">wîg-bord</a>, st. n., <i>war-board</i> or <i>shield</i>: acc. sg.,
+<a href="#li2340">2340</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgcräft">wîg-cräft</a>, st. m., <i>war-power</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2954">2954</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgcräftig">wîg-cräftig</a>, adj., <i>vigorous in fight, strong in war</i>:
+acc. sg. wîg-cräftigne (of the sword Hrunting), <a href="#li1812">1812</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgfreca">wîg-freca</a>, w. m., <i>war-wolf, war-hero</i>: acc. sg.
+wîg-frecan, <a href="#li2497">2497</a>; nom. pl. wîg-frecan, <a href="#li1213">1213</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgfruma">wîg-fruma</a>, w. m., <i>war-chief</i> or <i>king</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li665">665</a>; acc. sg. wîg-fruman, <a href="#li2262">2262</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîggeatwe">wîg-geatwe</a>, st. f. pl., <i>war-ornaments, war-gear</i>: dat.
+pl. on wîg-geatwum (-getawum, MS.), <a href="#li368">368</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîggeweorthad">wîg-ge-weor&eth;ad</a>, pret. part., <i>war-honored, distinguished in
+war</i>, 1784? See <a href="#note1784">Note</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîggryre">wîg-gryre</a>, st. m., <i>war-horror</i> or <i>terror</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li1285">1285</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîghete">wîg-hete</a>, st. m., <i>war-hate, hostility</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2121">2121</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgheafola">wîg-heafola</a>, w. m., <i>war head-piece, helmet</i>: acc. sg.
+wîg-heafolan, <a href="#li2662">2662</a>.&mdash;Leo.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgheáp">wîg-heáp</a>, st. m., <i>war-band</i>: nom sg., <a href="#li447">447</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîghryre">wîg-hryre</a>, st. m., <i>war-ruin, slaughter, carnage</i>: acc.
+sg., <a href="#li1620">1620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgsigor">wîg-sigor</a>, st. m., <i>war-victory</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1555">1555</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîgsped">wîg-sped</a>, st. f.?, <i>war-speed, success in war</i>: gen. pl.
+wîg-spêda, <a href="#li698">698</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîn">wîn</a>, st. n., <i>wine</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1163">1163</a>, <a href="#li1234">1234</a>; instr. wîne,
+<a href="#li1468">1468</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîr">wîr</a>, st. n., <i>wire, spiral ornament of wire</i>: instr. pl.
+wîrum, <a href="#li1032">1032</a>; gen. pl. wîra, <a href="#li2414">2414</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîs">wîs</a>, adj., <i>wise, experienced, discreet</i>: nom. sg. m. wîs
+(<i>in his mind, conscious</i>), <a href="#li3095">3095</a>; f. wîs, <a href="#li1928">1928</a>; in w. form, se
+wîsa, <a href="#li1401">1401</a>, <a href="#li1699">1699</a>, <a href="#li2330">2330</a>; acc. sg. &thorn;one wîsan, <a href="#li1319">1319</a>; gen. pl. wîsra,
+<a href="#li1414">1414</a>; w. gen. nom. sg. wîs wordcwida (<i>wise of speech</i>), <a href="#li1846">1846</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîsa">wîsa</a>, w. m., <i>guide, leader</i>: nom. sg. werodes wîsa,
+<a href="#li259">259</a>.&mdash;Comp.: brim-, here-, hilde-wîsa.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîscte">wîscte</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwýscan">wýscan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîsdôm">wîs-dôm</a>, st. m., <i>wisdom, experience</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li350">350</a>;
+instr. sg. wîs-dôme, <a href="#li1960">1960</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîse">wîse</a>, w. f., <i>fashion, wise, custom</i>: acc. sg. (instr.)
+ealde wîsan (<i>after ancient custom</i>), <a href="#li1866">1866</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîsfäst">wîs-fäst</a>, adj., <i>wise, sagacious</i> (sapientiâ firmus): nom.
+sg. f., <a href="#li627">627</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîshycgende">wîs-hycgende</a>, pres. part. <i>wise-thinking, wise</i>, <a href="#li2717">2717</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîsian">wîsian</a>, w. v., <i>to guide</i> or <i>lead to, direct, point
+out</i>: 1) w. acc.: inf. heán wong wîsian, <a href="#li2410">2410</a>; pret. sg. secg
+wîsade land-gemyrcu, <a href="#li208">208</a>.&mdash;2) w. dat.: pres. sg. I. ic eów wîsige
+(<i>I shall guide you</i>), <a href="#li292">292</a>, <a href="#li3104">3104</a>; pret. sg. se &thorn;æm hea&eth;o-rincum
+hider wîsade, <a href="#li370">370</a>; sôna him sele-&thorn;egn ... for&eth; wîsade <i>(the
+hall-thane led him thither forthwith</i>, i.e. to his couch), <a href="#li1796">1796</a>;
+stîg wîsode gumum ät-gädere, <a href="#li320">320</a>; so, <a href="#li1664">1664</a>.&mdash;3) w. prep.?: pret. sg.
+&thorn;â secg wîsode under Heorotes hrôf (<i>when the warrior showed them
+the way under Heorot's roof</i>, [but under H.'s hrôf depends rather
+on snyredon ätsomne]), <a href="#li402">402</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwîtan">wîtan</a>, st. v., properly <i>to look at; to look at with censure,
+to blame, reproach, accuse</i>, w. dat. of pers. and acc. of thing:
+inf. for-&thorn;am me wîtan ne &thorn;earf waldend fira mor&eth;or-bealo mâga, <a href="#li2742">2742</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ät-wîtan, <i>to blame, censure</i> (cf. 'twit), w. acc. of thing:
+pret. pl. ät-witon weána dæl, <a href="#li1151">1151</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wîtan, properly <i>spectare aliquo; to go</i> (most general verb of
+motion): 1) with inf. after verbs of motion: pret. sg. &thorn;anon eft
+ge-wât ... tô hâm faran, <a href="#li123">123</a>; so, <a href="#li2570">2570</a>; pl. &thorn;anon eft gewiton ...
+mearum rîdan, <a href="#li854">854</a>. Sometimes with reflex, dat.: pres. sg. him &thorn;â Scyld
+ge-wât ... fêran on freán wære, <a href="#li26">26</a>; gewât him ... rîdan, <a href="#li234">234</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1964">1964</a>; pl. ge-witon, <a href="#li301">301</a>.&mdash;2) associated with general infinitives of
+motion and aim: imper. pl. ge-wîta&eth; for&eth; beran wæpen and gewædu, <a href="#li291">291</a>;
+pret. sg. ge-wât &thorn;â neósian heán hûses, <a href="#li115">115</a>; he &thorn;â fâg ge-wât ...
+man-dreám fleón, <a href="#li1264">1264</a>; ny&eth;er eft gewât dennes niósian, <a href="#li3045">3045</a>; so, <a href="#li1275">1275</a>,
+<a href="#li2402">2402</a>, <a href="#li2820">2820</a>. So, with reflex, dat.: him eft gewât ... hâmes niósan,
+<a href="#li2388">2388</a>; so, <a href="#li2950">2950</a>; pl. ge-witon, <a href="#li1126">1126</a>.&mdash;3) without inf. and with prep, or
+adv.: pres. sg. III. &thorn;ær firgen-streám under nässa genipu ni&eth;er
+ge-wîte&eth;, <a href="#li1361">1361</a>; ge-wîte&eth; on sealman, <a href="#li2461">2461</a>; inf. on flôdes æht feor
+ge-wîtan, <a href="#li42">42</a>; pret. sg. ge-wât, <a href="#li217">217</a>; him ge-wât, <a href="#li1237">1237</a>, <a href="#li1904">1904</a>; of lîfe,
+ealdre ge-wât (<i>died</i>), <a href="#li2472">2472</a>, <a href="#li2625">2625</a>; fyrst for&eth; ge-wât (<i>time
+went on</i>), <a href="#li210">210</a>; him ge-wât ût of healle, <a href="#li663">663</a>; ge-wât him hâm, <a href="#li1602">1602</a>;
+pret. part. dat. sg. me for&eth;-ge-witenum (<i>me defuncto, I dead</i>),
+<a href="#li1480">1480</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ô&eth;-wîtan, <i>to blame, censure, reproach</i>: inf. ne &thorn;orfte him &thorn;â
+leán ô&eth;-wîtan mon on middan-gearde, <a href="#li2997">2997</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlanc">wlanc, wlonc</a>, adj., <i>proud, exulting</i>: nom. sg. wlanc,
+<a href="#li341">341</a>; w. instr. æse wlanc (<i>proud of, exulting in, her prey,
+meal</i>), <a href="#li1333">1333</a>; wlonc, <a href="#li331">331</a>; w. gen. mâ&eth;m-æhta wlonc (<i>proud of the
+treasures</i>), <a href="#li2834">2834</a>; gen. sg. wlonces, <a href="#li2954">2954</a>.&mdash;Comp. gold-wlanc.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlâtian">wlâtian</a>, w. v., <i>to look</i> or <i>gaze out, forth</i>: pret.
+sg. se &thorn;e ær ... feor wlâtode, <a href="#li1917">1917</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlenco">wlenco</a>, st. f., <i>pride, heroism</i>: dat. sg. wlenco, <a href="#li338">338</a>,
+<a href="#li1207">1207</a>; wlence, <a href="#li508">508</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlite">wlite</a>, st. m. <i>form, noble form, look, beauty</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li250">250</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlitebeorht">wlite-beorht</a>, adj., <i>beauteous, brilliant in aspect</i>: acc.
+sg. wlite-beorhtne wang, <a href="#li93">93</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwliteseón">wlite-seón</a>, st. n. f., <i>sight, spectacle</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li1651">1651</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlitig">wlitig</a>, adj., <i>beautiful, glorious, fair in form</i>: acc.
+sg. wlitig (sweord), <a href="#li1663">1663</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwlîtan">wlîtan</a>, st. v., <i>to see, look, gaze</i>: pret. sg. he äfter
+recede wlât (<i>looked along the hall</i>), <a href="#li1573">1573</a>; pret. pl. on holm
+wliton (<i>looked on the sea</i>), <a href="#li1593">1593</a>; wlitan on Wîglâf, <a href="#li2853">2853</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgeondwlîtan">geond-wlîtan</a>, w. acc., <i>to examine, look through, scan</i>:
+inf. wräte giond-wlîtan, <a href="#li2772">2772</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwohbogen">woh-bogen</a>, pret. part., (<i>bent crooked), crooked,
+twisted</i>: nom. sg. wyrm woh-bogen, <a href="#li2828">2828</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwolcen">wolcen</a>, st. n. m., <i>cloud</i> (cf. welkin): dat. pl. under
+wolcnum (<i>under the clouds, on earth</i>), <a href="#li8">8</a>, <a href="#li652">652</a>, <a href="#li715">715</a>, <a href="#li1771">1771</a>; tô
+wolcnum, <a href="#li1120">1120</a>, <a href="#li1375">1375</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwollenteár">wollen-teár</a>, adj., <i>tear-flowing, with flowing tears</i>:
+nom. pl. wollen-teáre, <a href="#li3033">3033</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwom">wom</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwam">wam</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwon">won</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwan">wan</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworc">worc</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorc">weorc</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glword">word</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>word, speech</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2818">2818</a>; acc. sg.
+&thorn;ät word, <a href="#li655">655</a>, <a href="#li2047">2047</a>; word, <a href="#li315">315</a>, <a href="#li341">341</a>, <a href="#li390">390</a>, <a href="#li871">871</a>, <a href="#li2552">2552</a>; instr. sg. worde,
+<a href="#li2157">2157</a>; gen. sg. wordes, <a href="#li2792">2792</a>; nom. pl. &thorn;â word, <a href="#li640">640</a>; word, <a href="#li613">613</a>; acc.
+pl. word (of an alliterative song), <a href="#li871">871</a>; instr. pl, wordum, <a href="#li176">176</a>, <a href="#li366">366</a>,
+<a href="#li627">627</a>, <a href="#li875">875</a>, <a href="#li1101">1101</a>, <a href="#li1173">1173</a>, <a href="#li1194">1194</a>, <a href="#li1319">1319</a>, <a href="#li1812">1812</a>, etc.; ge-saga him wordum
+(<i>tell them in words, expressly</i>), <a href="#li388">388</a>. The instr. wordum
+accompanies biddan, &thorn;ancian, be-wägnan, secgan, hêrgan, to emphasize
+the verb, <a href="#li176">176</a>, <a href="#li627">627</a>, <a href="#li1194">1194</a>, <a href="#li2796">2796</a>, <a href="#li3177">3177</a>; gen. pl. worda, <a href="#li289">289</a>, <a href="#li398">398</a>, <a href="#li2247">2247</a>,
+<a href="#li2263">2263</a>(?), <a href="#li3031">3031</a>.&mdash;2) <i>command, order</i>: gen. sg. his wordes geweald
+habban (<i>to rule, reign</i>), <a href="#li79">79</a>; so, instr. pl. wordum weóld,
+<a href="#li30">30</a>.&mdash;Comp.: beót-, gylp-, me&eth;el-, &thorn;ry&eth;-word.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwordcwide">word-cwide</a>, st. m., (<i>word-utterance</i>), <i>speech</i>:
+acc. pl. word-cwydas, <a href="#li1842">1842</a>; dat. pl. word-cwydum, <a href="#li2754">2754</a>; gen. pl.
+word-cwida, <a href="#li1846">1846</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwordgid">word-gid</a>, st. m, <i>speech, saying</i>: acc. sg. word-gyd,
+<a href="#li3174">3174</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwordhord">word-hord</a>, st. n., <i>word-hoard, treasury of speech,
+mouth</i>: acc. sg. word-hord on-leác (<i>unlocked his word-hoard</i>,
+opened his mouth, spoke), <a href="#li259">259</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwordriht">word-riht</a>, st. n., <i>right speech, suitable word</i>: gen. pl.
+Wîglâf ma&eth;elode word-rihta fela, <a href="#li2632">2632</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworthmynd">wor&eth;-mynd</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorthmynd">weor&eth;-mynd</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworthig">wor&eth;ig</a> (for <b>weor&eth;ig</b>), st. m., <i>palace, estate,
+court</i>: acc. sg. on wor&eth;ig (<i>into the palace</i>), <a href="#li1973">1973</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworn">worn</a>, st. n., <i>multitude, number</i>: acc. sg. worn eall
+(<i>very many</i>), <a href="#li3095">3095</a>; wintra worn (<i>many years</i>), <a href="#li264">264</a>; &thorn;onne
+he wintrum frôd worn ge-munde (<i>when he old in years thought of
+their number</i>), <a href="#li2115">2115</a>. Used with fela to strengthen the meaning:
+nom. acc. sg. worn fela, <a href="#li1784">1784</a>; hwät &thorn;u worn fela ... spræce (<i>how
+very much thou hast spoken!</i>), <a href="#li530">530</a>; so, eal-fela eald-gesegena
+worn, <a href="#li871">871</a>; gen. pl. worna fela, <a href="#li2004">2004</a>, <a href="#li2543">2543</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworuld">woruld, worold</a>, st. f., <i>humanity, world, earth</i>: nom. sg.
+eal worold, <a href="#li1739">1739</a>; acc. sg. in worold (wacan) (<i>to be born, come into
+the world</i>), <a href="#li60">60</a>; worold oflætan, of-gifan (<i>die</i>), <a href="#li1184">1184</a>, <a href="#li1682">1682</a>;
+gen. sg. worolde, <a href="#li951">951</a>, <a href="#li1081">1081</a>, <a href="#li1388">1388</a>, <a href="#li1733">1733</a>; worulde, <a href="#li2344">2344</a>; his worulde
+ge-dâl (<i>his separation from the world, death</i>), <a href="#li3069">3069</a>; worolde
+brûcan (<i>to enjoy life, live</i>), <a href="#li1063">1063</a>; worlde, <a href="#li2712">2712</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworoldâr">worold-âr</a>, st. f., <i>worldly honor</i> or <i>dignity</i>: acc.
+sg. worold-âre, <a href="#li17">17</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworuldcandel">woruld-candel</a>, st. f., <i>world-candle, sun</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1966">1966</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworoldcyning">worold-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>world king, mighty king</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li3182">3182</a>; gen. pl. worold-cyninga, <a href="#li1685">1685</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworuldende">woruld-ende</a>, st. m., <i>world's end</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li3084">3084</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glworoldræden">worold-ræden</a>, st. f., <i>usual course, fate of the world,
+customary fate</i>: dat. sg. worold-rædenne, 1143?</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwôp">wôp</a>, st. m., (<i>whoop</i>), <i>cry of grief, lament</i>: nom.
+sg., <a href="#li128">128</a>; acc. sg. wôp, <a href="#li786">786</a>; instr. sg. wôpe, <a href="#li3147">3147</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwracu">wracu</a>, st. f., <i>persecution, vengeance, revenge</i>: nom. sg.
+wracu (MS, uncertain), <a href="#li2614">2614</a>; acc. sg. wräce, <a href="#li2337">2337</a>.&mdash;Comp.: gyrn-,
+nýd-wracu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrathu">wra&eth;u</a>, st. f., <i>protection, safety</i>: in comp. lîf-wra&eth;u.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrâth">wrâ&eth;</a>, adj., <i>wroth, furious, hostile</i>: acc. sg. neut.
+wrâ&eth;, <a href="#li319">319</a>; dat. sg. wrâ&eth;um, <a href="#li661">661</a>, <a href="#li709">709</a>; gen. pl. wrâ&eth;ra, <a href="#li1620">1620</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrâthe">wrâ&eth;e</a>, adv., <i>contemptibly, disgracefully</i>, <a href="#li2873">2873</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrâthlîce">wrâ&eth;-lîce</a>, adv., <i>wrathfully, hostilely</i> (in battle),
+<a href="#li3063">3063</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrâsn">wrâsn</a>, st. f., <i>circlet of gold for the head, diadem,
+crown</i>: in comp. freá-wrâsn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwräclâst">wräc-lâst</a>, st. m., <i>exile-step, exile, banishment</i>: acc.
+sg. wräc-lâstas träd (<i>trod exile-steps, wandered in exile</i>),
+<a href="#li1353">1353</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwräcmäcg">wräc-mäcg</a>, st. m., <i>exile, outcast</i>: nom. pl. wräc-mäcgas,
+<a href="#li2380">2380</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwräcsîth">wräc-sî&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>exile-journey, banishment, exile,
+persecution</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li2293">2293</a>; dat. sg. -sî&eth;um, <a href="#li338">338</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrät">wrät</a>, st. f., <i>ornament, jewel</i>: acc. pl. wräte (wræce,
+MS.), <a href="#li2772">2772</a>, <a href="#li3061">3061</a>; instr. pl. wrättum, <a href="#li1532">1532</a>; gen. pl. wrätta, <a href="#li2414">2414</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrätlîc">wrät-lîc</a>, adj.: 1) <i>artistic, ornamental; valuable</i>: acc.
+sg. wrät-lîcne wundur-mâ&eth;&eth;um, <a href="#li2174">2174</a>; wrät-lîc wæg-sweord, <a href="#li1490">1490</a>;
+wîg-bord wrät-lîc, <a href="#li2340">2340</a>.&mdash;2) <i>wondrous, strange</i>: acc. sg.
+wrät-lîcne wyrm [from its rings or spots?], <a href="#li892">892</a>; wlite-seón wrät-lîc,
+<a href="#li1651">1651</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwræc">wræc</a>, st. f., <i>persecution</i>; hence, <i>wretchedness,
+misery</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li170">170</a>; acc. sg. wræc, <a href="#li3079">3079</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrecan">wrecan</a>, st. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to press, force</i>: pret. part.
+&thorn;ær wäs Ongen&thorn;eó ... on bîd wrecen, <a href="#li2963">2963</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to drive out,
+expel</i>: pret. sg. ferh ellen wräc, <a href="#li2707">2707</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to wreak</i> or
+<i>utter</i>: gid, spel wrecan (<i>to utter words or songs</i>); subj.
+pres. sg. III. he gyd wrece, <a href="#li2447">2447</a>; inf. wrecan spel ge-râde, <a href="#li874">874</a>;
+word-gyd wrecan, <a href="#li3174">3174</a>; pret. sg. gyd äfter wräc, <a href="#li2155">2155</a>; pres. part. &thorn;ær
+wäs ... gid wrecen, <a href="#li1066">1066</a>.&mdash;4) <i>to avenge, punish</i>: subj. pres.
+&thorn;ät he his freónd wrece, <a href="#li1386">1386</a>; inf. wolde hire mæg wrecan, <a href="#li1340">1340</a>; so,
+<a href="#li1279">1279</a>, <a href="#li1547">1547</a>; pres. part. wrecend (<i>an avenger</i>), <a href="#li1257">1257</a>; pret. sg.
+wräc Wedera nî&eth;, <a href="#li423">423</a>; so, <a href="#li1334">1334</a>, <a href="#li1670">1670</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-wrecan, <i>to tell, recount</i>: pret. sg. ic &thorn;is gid be &thorn;e â-wräc
+(<i>I have told this tale for thee</i>), <a href="#li1725">1725</a>; so, <a href="#li2109">2109</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-wrecan, w. acc., <i>to drive away, expel; carry away</i>: inf. &thorn;ý
+läs him ý&eth;a &thorn;rym wudu wyn-suman for-wrecan meahte (<i>lest the force
+of the waves might carry away the winsome ship</i>), <a href="#li1920">1920</a>; pret. sg.
+he hine feor for-wräc ... man-cynne fram, <a href="#li109">109</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wrecan, w. acc., <i>to avenge, wreak vengeance upon, punish</i>:
+pret. sg. ge-wräc, <a href="#li107">107</a>, <a href="#li2006">2006</a>; he ge-wräc (i.e. hit, <i>this</i>)
+cealdum cear-sî&eth;um, <a href="#li2396">2396</a>; he hine sylfne ge-wräc (<i>avenged
+himself</i>), <a href="#li2876">2876</a>; pl. ge-wræcan, <a href="#li2480">2480</a>; pret. part. ge-wrecen, <a href="#li3063">3063</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrecca">wrecca</a>, w. m., (<i>wretch</i>), <i>exile, adventurer, wandering
+soldier, hero</i>: nom. sg. wrecca (Hengest), <a href="#li1138">1138</a>; gen. pl. wreccena
+wîde mærost (Sigemund), <a href="#li899">899</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwreothenhilt">wreo&eth;en-hilt</a>, adj., <i>wreathen-hilted, with twisted hilt</i>:
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1699">1699</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwridian">wridian</a>, w. v., <i>to flourish, spring up</i>: pret. sg. III.
+wrida&eth;, <a href="#li1742">1742</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwritha">wri&eth;a</a>, w. m., <i>band</i>: in comp. beág-wri&eth;a
+(<i>bracelet</i>), <a href="#li2019">2019</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrixl">wrixl</a>, st. n., <i>exchange, change</i>: instr. sg. wyrsan wrixle
+(<i>in a worse way, with a worse exchange</i>), <a href="#li2970">2970</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wrixle, st. n., <i>exchange, arrangement, bargain</i>: nom. sg. ne
+wäs &thorn;ät ge-wrixle til (<i>it was not a good arrangement, trade</i>),
+<a href="#li1305">1305</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrixlan">wrixlan</a>, w. v., <i>to exchange</i>: inf. wordum wrixlan (<i>to
+exchange words, converse</i>), <a href="#li366">366</a>; <a href="#li875">875</a> (<i>tell</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrîthan">wrî&eth;an</a>, st. v. w. acc.: 1) <i>to bind, fasten, wreathe
+together</i>: inf. ic hine (him, MS.) ... on wäl-bedde wrî&eth;an &thorn;ôhte,
+<a href="#li965">965</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to bind up</i> (a wounded person, a wound): pret. pl. &thorn;â
+wæron monige &thorn;e his mæg wri&eth;on, <a href="#li2983">2983</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glhandgewrithen">hand-gewri&eth;en</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrîtan">wrîtan</a>, st. v., <i>to incise, engrave</i>: pret. part. on &thorn;äm
+(hilte) wäs ôr writen fyrn-gewinnes (<i>on which was engraved the
+origin of an ancient struggle</i>), <a href="#li1689">1689</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-wrîtan, <i>to cut to pieces</i> or <i>in two</i>: pret. sg.
+for-wrât Wedra helm wyrm on middan, <a href="#li2706">2706</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwrôht">wrôht</a>, st. m. f., <i>blame, accusation, crime</i>; here
+<i>strife, contest, hostility</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2288">2288</a>, <a href="#li2474">2474</a>, <a href="#li2914">2914</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwudu">wudu</a>, st. m., <i>wood</i>: 1) <i>material, timber</i>: nom. pl.
+wudu, <a href="#li1365">1365</a>; hence, <i>the wooden spear</i>: acc. pl. wudu, <a href="#li398">398</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>forest, wood</i>: acc. sg. wudu, <a href="#li1417">1417</a>.&mdash;3) <i>wooden ship</i>: nom.
+sg. <a href="#li298">298</a>; acc. sg. wudu, <a href="#li216">216</a>, <a href="#li1920">1920</a>.&mdash;Comp.: bæl-, bord-, gamen-, heal-,
+holt-, mägen-, sæ-, sund-, &thorn;rec-wudu.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwudurêc">wudu-rêc</a>, st. m., <i>wood-reek</i> or <i>smoke</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li3145">3145</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwuldor">wuldor</a>, st. n., <i>glory</i>: nom. sg. kyninga wuldor
+(<i>God</i>), <a href="#li666">666</a>; gen. sg. wuldres wealdend, <a href="#li17">17</a>, <a href="#li183">183</a>, <a href="#li1753">1753</a>; wuldres
+hyrde, <a href="#li932">932</a>, (designations of God).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwuldorcyning">wuldor-cyning</a>, st. m., <i>king of glory, God</i>. dat. sg.
+wuldur-cyninge, 2796</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwuldortorht">wuldor-torht</a>, adj., <i>glory-bright, brilliant, clear</i>: acc.
+pl. wuldor-torhtan weder, <a href="#li1137">1137</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwulf">wulf</a>, st. m., <i>wolf</i>: acc. sg., <a href="#li3028">3028</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwulfhlith">wulf-hli&eth;</a>, st. n., <i>wolf-slope, wolf's retreat, slope
+whereunder wolves house</i>: acc. pl. wulf-hleo&eth;u, <a href="#li1359">1359</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwund">wund</a>, st. f., <i>wound</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2712">2712</a>, <a href="#li2977">2977</a>; acc. sg.
+wunde, <a href="#li2532">2532</a>, <a href="#li2907">2907</a>; acc. sg. wunde, <a href="#li2726">2726</a>; instr. pl. wundum, <a href="#li1114">1114</a>,
+<a href="#li2831">2831</a>, <a href="#li2938">2938</a>.&mdash;Comp. feorh-wund.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwund">wund</a>, adj., <i>wounded, sore</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2747">2747</a>; dat. sg.
+wundum, <a href="#li2754">2754</a>; nom. pl. wunde, <a href="#li565">565</a>, <a href="#li1076">1076</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundenfeax">wunden-feax</a>, adj., <i>curly-haired</i> (of a horse's mane):
+nom. sg., <a href="#li1401">1401</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundenheals">wunden-heals</a>, adj., <i>with twisted</i> or <i>curved neck</i>
+or <i>prow</i>: nom. sg. wudu wunden-hals (<i>the ship</i>), <a href="#li298">298</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundenheorde">wunden-heorde</a>?, <i>curly-haired</i>?: nom. sg. f., <a href="#li3153">3153</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundenmæl">wunden-mæl</a>, adj., <i>damascened, etched, with wavy
+ornaments</i>(?): nom. sg. neut., <a href="#li1532">1532</a> (of a sword).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundenstefna">wunden-stefna</a>, w. m. <i>curved prow, ship</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li220">220</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundor">wundor</a>, st. n.: 1) <i>wonder, wonderwork</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li772">772</a>,
+<a href="#li1725">1725</a>; wundur, <a href="#li3063">3063</a>; acc. sg. wundor, <a href="#li841">841</a>; wunder, <a href="#li932">932</a>; wundur, <a href="#li2760">2760</a>,
+<a href="#li3033">3033</a>, <a href="#li3104">3104</a>; dat. sg. wundre, <a href="#li932">932</a>; instr. pl. wundrum
+(<i>wondrously</i>), <a href="#li1453">1453</a>, <a href="#li2688">2688</a>; gen. pl. wundra, <a href="#li1608">1608</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>portent, monster</i>: gen. pl. wundra, <a href="#li1510">1510</a>.&mdash;Comp.: hand-, nî&eth;-,
+searo-wundor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundorbebod">wundor-bebod</a>, st. n., <i>wondrous command, strange order</i>:
+instr. pl. -bebodum, <a href="#li1748">1748</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundordeáth">wundor-deá&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>wonder-death, strange death</i>: instr.
+sg. wundor deá&eth;e, <a href="#li3038">3038</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundorfät">wundor-fät</a>, st. n., <i>wonder-vat, strange vessel</i>: dat. pl. of
+wundor-fatum (<i>from wondrous vessels</i>), <a href="#li1163">1163</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundorlîc">wundor-lîc</a>, adj., <i>wonder like, remarkable</i>: nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li1441">1441</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundormâththum">wundor-mâ&eth;&eth;um</a>, st. m., <i>wonder-jewel, wonderful treasure</i>:
+acc. sg., <a href="#li2174">2174</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundorsmith">wundor-smi&eth;</a>, st. m., <i>wonder-smith, skilled smith, worker of
+marvellous things</i>: gen. pl. wundor-smi&eth;a geweorc (the ancient
+giant's sword), <a href="#li1682">1682</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwundorseón">wundor-seón</a>, st. f., <i>wondrous sight</i>: gen. pl.
+wunder-sióna, <a href="#li996">996</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwunian">wunian</a>, w. v.: 1) <i>to stand, exist, remain</i>: pres. sg.
+III. &thorn;enden &thorn;ær wuna&eth; on heáh-stede hûsa sêlest (<i>as long as the
+best of houses stands there on the high place</i>), <a href="#li284">284</a>; wuna&eth; he on
+wiste (<i>lives in plenty</i>), <a href="#li1736">1736</a>; inf. on sele wunian (<i>to
+remain in the hall</i>), <a href="#li3129">3129</a>; pret. sg. wunode mid Finne (<i>remained
+with F.</i>), <a href="#li1129">1129</a>.&mdash;2) w. acc. or dat., <i>to dwell in, to inhabit,
+to possess</i>: pres. sg. III. wuna&eth; wäl-reste (<i>holds his
+death-bed</i>), <a href="#li2903">2903</a>; inf. wäter-egesan wunian scolde..., streámas,
+<a href="#li1261">1261</a>; wîcum wunian, <a href="#li3084">3084</a>; w. prep.: pres. sg. Higelâc &thorn;ær ät hâm
+wuna&eth;, <a href="#li1924">1924</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wunian, w. acc.: 1) <i>to inhabit</i>: inf. ge-[wunian], <a href="#li2276">2276</a>.&mdash;2)
+<i>to remain with, stand by</i>: subj. pres. &thorn;ät hine on ylde eft
+ge-wunigen wil-ge-sî&eth;as, <a href="#li22">22</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwurthan">wur&eth;an</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorthan">weor&eth;an</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwuton">wuton</a>, v. from wîtan, used as interj., <i>let us go! up!</i> w.
+inf.: wutun gangan tô (<i>let us go to him!</i>), <a href="#li2649">2649</a>; uton hra&eth;e
+fêran! <a href="#li1391">1391</a>; uton nu êfstan, <a href="#li3102">3102</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwylf">wylf</a>, st. f., <i>she-wolf</i>: in comp. brim-wylf.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwylm">wylm</a>, st. m., <i>surge, surf, billow</i>: num. sg. flôdes wylm,
+<a href="#li1765">1765</a>; dat. wintres wylme (<i>with winter's flood</i>), <a href="#li516">516</a>; acc. sg.
+&thorn;urh wäteres wylm, <a href="#li1694">1694</a>; acc. pl. heortan wylmas, <a href="#li2508">2508</a>.&mdash;Comp.:
+breóst-, brim-, byrne-, cear-, fýr-, hea&eth;o-, holm-, sæ-, sorh-wylm.
+See <a class="glentry" href="#glwälm">wälm</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyn">wyn</a>, st. f., <i>pleasantness, pleasure, joy, enjoyment</i>:
+acc. sg. mæste ... worolde wynne (<i>the highest earthly joy</i>),
+<a href="#li1081">1081</a>; eor&eth;an wynne (<i>earth-joy, the delightful earth</i>), <a href="#li1731">1731</a>;
+heofenes wynne (<i>heaven's joy</i>, the rising sun), <a href="#li1802">1802</a>; hearpan
+wynne (<i>harp-joy, the pleasant harp</i>), <a href="#li2108">2108</a>; &thorn;ät he ... ge-drogen
+häfde eor&eth;an wynne (<i>that he had had his earthly joy</i>), <a href="#li2728">2728</a>;
+dat. sg. weorod wäs on wynne, <a href="#li2015">2015</a>; instr. pl. mägenes wynnum (<i>in
+joy of strength</i>), <a href="#li1717">1717</a>; so, <a href="#li1888">1888</a>.&mdash;Comp.: ê&eth;el-, hord-, lîf-,
+lyft-, symbel-wyn.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwynleás">wyn-leás</a>, adj., <i>joyless</i>: acc. sg. wyn-leásne wudu, <a href="#li1417">1417</a>;
+wyn-leás wîc, <a href="#li822">822</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwynsum">wyn-sum</a>, adj., <i>winsome, pleasant</i>: acc. sg. wudu
+wyn-suman (<i>the ship</i>), <a href="#li1920">1920</a>; nom. pl. word wæron wyn-sume, <a href="#li613">613</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrcan">wyrcan</a>, v. irreg.: 1) <i>to do, effect</i>, w. acc.: inf.
+(wundor) wyrcan, <a href="#li931">931</a>.&mdash;2) <i>to make, create</i>, w. acc.: pret. sg.
+&thorn;ät se äl-mihtiga eor&eth;an worh[te], <a href="#li92">92</a>; swâ hine <i>(the helmet</i>)
+worhte wæpna smi&eth;, <a href="#li1453">1453</a>.&mdash;3) <i>to gain, win, acquire</i>, w. gen.:
+subj. pres. wyrce, se &thorn;e môte, dômes ær deá&eth;e, <a href="#li1388">1388</a>.</p>
+
+<p>be-wyrcan, <i>to gird, surround</i>: pret. pl. bronda betost wealle
+be-worhton, <a href="#li3163">3163</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-wyrcan: 1) intrans., <i>to act, behave</i>: inf. swâ sceal geong
+guma gôde gewyrcean ... on fäder wine &thorn;ät ... (<i>a young man shall so
+act with benefits towards his father's friends that</i> ...), <a href="#li20">20</a>.&mdash;2)
+w. acc., <i>to do, make, effect, perform</i>: inf. ne meahte ic ät
+hilde mid Hruntinge wiht ge-wyrcan, <a href="#li1661">1661</a>; sweorde ne meahte on &thorn;am
+aglæcan ... wunde ge-wyrcean, <a href="#li2907">2907</a>; pret. sg. ge-worhte, <a href="#li636">636</a>, <a href="#li1579">1579</a>,
+<a href="#li2713">2713</a>; pret. part. acc. ic &thorn;â leóde wât ... fäste ge-worhte. <a href="#li1865">1865</a>.&mdash;3)
+<i>to make, construct</i>: inf. (medo-ärn) ge-wyrcean, <a href="#li69">69</a>; (wîg-bord)
+ge-wyrcean, <a href="#li2338">2338</a>; (hlæw) ge-wyrcean, <a href="#li2803">2803</a>; pret. pl. II. ge-worhton,
+<a href="#li3097">3097</a>; III. ge-worhton, <a href="#li3158">3158</a>; pret. part. ge-worht, <a href="#li1697">1697</a>.&mdash;4) <i>to
+win, acquire</i>: pres. sg. ic me mid Hruntinge dôm ge-wyrce, <a href="#li1492">1492</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glWyrd">Wyrd</a>, st. f., <i>Weird</i> (one of the Norns, guide of human
+destiny; mostly weakened down = <i>fate, providence</i>): nom. sg.,
+<a href="#li455">455</a>, <a href="#li477">477</a>, <a href="#li572">572</a>, <a href="#li735">735</a>, <a href="#li1206">1206</a>, <a href="#li2421">2421</a>, <a href="#li2527">2527</a>, <a href="#li2575">2575</a>, <a href="#li2815">2815</a>; acc. sg. wyrd, <a href="#li1057">1057</a>,
+<a href="#li1234">1234</a>; gen. pl. wyrda, <a href="#li3031">3031</a>. (Cf. Weird Sisters of Macbeth.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrdan">wyrdan</a>, w. v., <i>to ruin, kill, destroy</i>: pret. sg. he tô
+lange leóde mine wanode and wyrde, <a href="#li1338">1338</a>.</p>
+
+<p>â-wyrdan, w. v., <i>to destroy, kill</i>: pret. part.: ä&eth;eling monig
+wundum â-wyrded, <a href="#li1114">1114</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrthe">wyr&eth;e</a>, adj., <i>noble; worthy, honored, valued</i>: acc. sg. m.
+wyr&eth;ne (ge-dôn) (<i>to esteem worthy</i>), <a href="#li2186">2186</a>; nom. pl. wyr&eth;e, <a href="#li368">368</a>;
+compar. nom. sg. rîces wyr&eth;ra (<i>worthier of rule</i>), <a href="#li862">862</a>.&mdash;Comp.
+fyrd-wyr&eth;e. See <a class="glentry" href="#glweorth">weor&eth;</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrgen">wyrgen</a>, st, f., <i>throttler</i> [cf. sphinx], <i>she-wolf</i>;
+in comp. grund-wyrgen.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewyrht">wyrht</a>, st. n., <i>work; desert</i>; in comp. eald-gewyrht,
+<a href="#li2658">2658</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrm">wyrm</a>, st. m., <i>worm, dragon, drake</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li898">898</a>, <a href="#li2288">2288</a>,
+<a href="#li2344">2344</a>, <a href="#li2568">2568</a>, <a href="#li2630">2630</a>, <a href="#li2670">2670</a>, <a href="#li2746">2746</a>, <a href="#li2828">2828</a>; acc. sg. wyrm, <a href="#li887">887</a>, <a href="#li892">892</a>, <a href="#li2706">2706</a>,
+<a href="#li3040">3040</a>, <a href="#li3133">3133</a>; dat. sg. wyrme, <a href="#li2308">2308</a>, <a href="#li2520">2520</a>; gen. wyrmes, <a href="#li2317">2317</a>, <a href="#li2349">2349</a>, <a href="#li2760">2760</a>,
+<a href="#li2772">2772</a>, <a href="#li2903">2903</a>; acc. pl. wyrmas, <a href="#li1431">1431</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrmcyn">wyrm-cyn</a>, st. m., <i>worm-kin, race of reptiles, dragons</i>:
+gen. sg. wyrm-cynnes fela, <a href="#li1426">1426</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrmfâh">wyrm-fâh</a>, adj., <i>dragon-ornamented, snake-adorned</i>
+(ornamented with figures of dragons, snakes, etc.: cf. Dietrich in
+Germania X., 278): nom. sg. sweord ... wreo&eth;en-hilt and wyrm-fâh,
+<a href="#li1699">1699</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrmhord">wyrm-hord</a>, st. n., <i>dragon-hoard</i>: gen. pl. wyrm-horda,
+<a href="#li2223">2223</a>.</p>
+
+<p>for-<a class="glentry" name="glforwyrnan">wyrnan</a>, w. v., <i>to refuse, reject</i>: subj. pres. II.
+&thorn;ät &thorn;u me nô for-wyrne, &thorn;ät... (<i>that thou refuse me not
+that</i>...), <a href="#li429">429</a>; pret. sg. he ne for-wyrnde worold-rædenne, <a href="#li1143">1143</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-<a class="glentry" name="glgewyrpan">wyrpan</a>, w. v. reflex., <i>to refresh one's self,
+recover</i>: pret. sg. he hyne ge-wyrpte, <a href="#li2977">2977</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrpe">wyrpe</a>, st. m., <i>change</i>: acc. sg. äfter weá-spelle wyrpe
+ge-fremman (<i>after the woe-spell to bring about a change of
+things</i>), <a href="#li1316">1316</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrsa">wyrsa</a>, compar. adj., <i>worse</i>: acc. sg. neut. &thorn;ät wyrse,
+<a href="#li1740">1740</a>; instr. sg. wyrsan wrixle, <a href="#li2970">2970</a>; gen. sg. wyrsan ge&thorn;inges, <a href="#li525">525</a>;
+nom. acc. pl. wyrsan wîg-frecan, <a href="#li1213">1213</a>, <a href="#li2497">2497</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwyrt">wyrt</a>, st. f., [<i>-wort</i>], <i>root</i>: instr. pl. wudu
+wyrtum fäst, <a href="#li1365">1365</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwýscan">wýscan</a>, w. v., <i>to wish, desire</i>: pret. sg. wîscte (rihde,
+MS.) &thorn;äs yldan (<i>wished to delay that</i> or <i>for this reason</i>,
+<a href="#li2440">2440</a>, <a href="#li1605">1605</a>(?). See <a href="#note1605">Note</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossY">Y</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyfel">yfel</a>, st n., <i>evil</i>: gen. pl. yfla, <a href="#li2095">2095</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyldan">yldan</a>, w. v., <i>to delay, put off</i>: inf. ne &thorn;ät se aglæca
+yldan &thorn;ôhte, <a href="#li740">740</a>; weard wine-geômor wîscte &thorn;äs yldan, &thorn;ät he lytel fäc
+long-gestreóna brûcan môste, <a href="#li2240">2240</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glylde">ylde</a>, st. m. pl., <i>men</i>: dat. pl. yldum, <a href="#li77">77</a>, <a href="#li706">706</a>, <a href="#li2118">2118</a>;
+gen. pl. ylda, <a href="#li150">150</a>, <a href="#li606">606</a>, <a href="#li1662">1662</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glelde">elde</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyldest">yldest</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleald">eald</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyldo">yldo</a>, st. f., <i>age (senectus), old age</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li1737">1737</a>,
+<a href="#li1887">1887</a>; atol yldo, <a href="#li1767">1767</a>; dat. sg. on ylde, <a href="#li22">22</a>.&mdash;2) <i>age (ætas), time,
+era</i>: gen. sg. yldo bearn, <a href="#li70">70</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleldo">eldo</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyldra">yldra</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleald">eald</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glylf">ylf</a>, st. f., <i>elf (incubus, alp</i>): nom. pl. ylfe, <a href="#li112">112</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glymb">ymb</a>, prep. w. acc.: 1) local, <i>around, about, at, upon</i>:
+ymb hine (<i>around, with, him</i>), <a href="#li399">399</a>. With prep, postponed: hine
+ymb, <a href="#li690">690</a>; ymb brontne ford (<i>around the seas, on the high sea</i>),
+<a href="#li568">568</a>; ymb &thorn;â gif-healle (<i>around the gift-hall, throne-hall</i>),
+<a href="#li839">839</a>; ymb &thorn;äs helmes hrôf (<i>around the helm's roof, crown</i>),
+<a href="#li1031">1031</a>.&mdash;2) temporal, <i>about, after</i>: ymb ân-tîd ô&eth;res dôgores
+(<i>about the same time the next day</i>), <a href="#li219">219</a>; ymb âne niht (<i>after
+a night</i>), <a href="#li135">135</a>.&mdash;3) causal, <i>about, on account of, for, owing
+to</i>: (frînan) ymb &thorn;înne sî&eth; (<i>on account of, concerning?, thy
+journey</i>), <a href="#li353">353</a>; hwät &thorn;u ... ymb Brecan spræce (<i>hast spoken about
+B.</i>), <a href="#li531">531</a>; so, <a href="#li1596">1596</a>, <a href="#li3174">3174</a>; nâ ymb his lîf ceara&eth; (<i>careth not for
+his life</i>), <a href="#li1537">1537</a>; so, <a href="#li450">450</a>; ymb feorh sacan, <a href="#li439">439</a>; sundor-nytte
+beheóld ymb aldor Dena, <a href="#li669">669</a>; ymb sund (<i>about the swimming, the
+prize for swimming</i>), <a href="#li507">507</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymbe, I. prep. w. acc. = ymb: 1) local, <a href="#li2884">2884</a>, <a href="#li3171">3171</a>; hlæw oft ymbe
+hwearf (prep, postponed), <a href="#li2297">2297</a>. 2) causal, <a href="#li2071">2071</a>, <a href="#li2619">2619</a>.&mdash;II. adv.,
+<i>around</i>: him ... ymbe, <a href="#li2598">2598</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glymbsittend">ymb-sittend</a>, pres. part., <i>neighbor</i> gen. pl.
+ymb-sittendra, <a href="#li9">9</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ymbe-sittend, the same: nom. pl. ymbe-sittend, <a href="#li1828">1828</a>; gen. pl.
+ymbe-sittendra, <a href="#li2735">2735</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyppe">yppe</a>, w. f., <i>high seat, dais, throne</i>: dat. sg. eode ...
+tô yppan, <a href="#li1816">1816</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrfe">yrfe</a>, st. n., <i>bequest, legacy</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li3052">3052</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrfelâf">yrfe-lâf</a>, st. f., <i>sword left as a bequest</i>: acc. sg.
+yrfe-lâfe, <a href="#li1054">1054</a>; instr. sg. yrfe-lâfe, <a href="#li1904">1904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrfeweard">yrfe-weard</a>, st. m., <i>heir, son</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li2732">2732</a>; gen. sg.
+yrfe-weardes, <a href="#li2454">2454</a>. (-as, MS.)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrmtho">yrm&eth;o</a>, st. f., <i>misery, shame, wretchedness</i>: acc. sg.
+yrm&eth;e, <a href="#li1260">1260</a>, <a href="#li2006">2006</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrre">yrre</a>, st. n., <i>anger, ire, excitement</i>: acc. sg. godes
+yrre, <a href="#li712">712</a>; dat. sg, on yrre, <a href="#li2093">2093</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrre">yrre</a>, adj., <i>angry, irate, furious</i>: nom. sg. yrre oretta
+(Beówulf), <a href="#li1533">1533</a>; &thorn;egn yrre (the same), <a href="#li1576">1576</a>; gäst yrre (Grendel),
+<a href="#li2074">2074</a>; nom. pl. yrre, <a href="#li770">770</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleorre">eorre</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrringa">yrringa</a>, adv., <i>angrily, fiercely</i>, <a href="#li1566">1566</a>, <a href="#li2965">2965</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glyrremôd">yrre-môd</a>, adj., <i>wrathful-minded, wild</i>: nom. sg., <a href="#li727">727</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glys">ys</a>, <i>he is</i>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glwesan">wesan</a>.</p>
+
+
+<p><b><a name="glossYl">Ý</a></b></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýth">ý&eth;</a> (O.H.G. unda), st. f., <i>wave; sea</i>: nom. pl. ý&eth;a, <a href="#li548">548</a>; acc.
+pl. ý&eth;e, <a href="#li46">46</a>, <a href="#li1133">1133</a>, <a href="#li1910">1910</a>; dat. pl. ý&eth;um, <a href="#li210">210</a>, <a href="#li421">421</a>, <a href="#li534">534</a>, <a href="#li1438">1438</a>, <a href="#li1908">1908</a>; ý&eth;um
+weallan (<i>to surge with waves</i>), <a href="#li515">515</a>, <a href="#li2694">2694</a>; gen. pl. ý&eth;a, <a href="#li464">464</a>, <a href="#li849">849</a>,
+<a href="#li1209">1209</a>, <a href="#li1470">1470</a>, <a href="#li1919">1919</a>.&mdash;Comp: flôd-, lîg-, wäter-ý&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthan">ý&eth;an</a>, w. v., <i>to ravage, devastate, destroy</i>: pret. sg.
+ý&eth;de eotena cyn, <a href="#li421">421</a> (cf. î&eth;ende = <i>depopulating</i>, Bosworth, from
+Ælfric's Glossary; pret. ý&eth;de, Wanderer, 85).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthe">ý&eth;e</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleáthe">eá&eth;e</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthelîce">ý&eth;e-lîce</a>, adv., <i>easily</i>: ý&eth;e-lîce he eft â-stôd (<i>he
+easily arose afterwards</i>), <a href="#li1557">1557</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthgebland">ý&eth;-gebland</a>, st. n., <i>mingling</i> or <i>surging waters,
+water-tumult</i>: nom. sg. -geblond, <a href="#li1374">1374</a>, <a href="#li1594">1594</a>; nom. pl. -gebland,
+<a href="#li1621">1621</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthgewin">ý&eth;-gewin</a>, st. n., <i>strife with the sea, wave-struggle,
+rushing of water</i>: dat. sg. ý&eth;-gewinne, <a href="#li2413">2413</a>; gen. sg. -gewinnes,
+<a href="#li1435">1435</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthlâd">ý&eth;-lâd</a>, st. f., <i>water-journey, sea-voyage</i>: nom. pl.
+ý&eth;-lâde, <a href="#li228">228</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthlâf">ý&eth;-lâf</a>, st. f., <i>water-leaving, what is left by the water
+(undarum reliquiae), shore</i>: dat. sg. be ý&eth;-lâfe, <a href="#li566">566</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthlida">ý&eth;-lida</a>, w. m., <i>wave-traverser, ship</i>: acc. sg. ý&eth;-lidan,
+<a href="#li198">198</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthnaca">ý&eth;-naca</a>, w. m., <i>sea-boat</i>: acc. sg. [ý&eth;-]nacan, <a href="#li1904">1904</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýthgesêne">ý&eth;-gesêne</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#glêthgesýne">ê&eth;-gesýne</a>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glýwan">ýwan</a>, w. v. w. acc., <i>to show</i>: pret. sg. an-sýn ýwde
+(<i>showed itself, appeared</i>), <a href="#li2835">2835</a>. See <a class="glentry" href="#gleáwan">eáwan, eówan</a>.</p>
+
+<p>ge-ýwan, w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., <i>to lay before, offer</i>:
+inf., <a href="#li2150">2150</a>.</p>
+
+<h3><a name="glossFin"></a>GLOSSARY TO FINNSBURH.</h3>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glâbrecan">âbrecan</a>, st. v., <i>to shatter</i>: part. his byrne âbrocen
+wære (<i>his byrnie was shattered</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glânyman">ânyman</a>, st. v., <i>to take, take away</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glbânhelm">bân-helm</a>, st. m., <i>bone-helmet; skull</i>, [<i>shield</i>,
+Bosw.].</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glburuhthelu">buruh-&thorn;elu</a>, st. f., <i>castle-floor</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glcêlod">cêlod</a>, part, (adj.?), <i>keeled</i>, i.e. boat-shaped or
+hollow.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldagian">dagian</a>, w. v., <i>to dawn</i>: ne &thorn;is ne dagia&eth; eástan
+(<i>this is not dawning from the east</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldeórmôd">deór-môd</a>, adj., <i>brave in mood</i>: deór-môd häle&eth;.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gldrihtgesîth">driht-gesî&eth;</a>, st m., <i>companion, associate</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleástan">eástan</a>, adv., <i>from the east</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gleorthbûend">eor&eth;-bûend</a>, st. m., <i>earth-dweller, man</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfêr">fêr</a>, st. m. <i>fear, terror</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glfýren">fýren</a>, adj., <i>flaming, afire</i>: nom. f. swylce eal
+Finns-buruh fýrenu wære (<i>as if all Finnsburh were afire</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgehlyn">gehlyn</a>, st. n., <i>noise, tumult</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgellan">gellan</a>, st. v., <i>to sing</i> (i.e. ring or resound): pres.
+sg. gylle&eth; græg-hama (<i>the gray garment</i> [byrnie] <i>rings</i>);
+(<i>the gray wolf yelleth</i>?).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgenesan">genesan</a>, st. v., <i>to survive, recover from</i>: pret. pl. &thorn;â
+wîgend hyra wunda genæson (<i>the warriors were recovering from their
+wounds</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgoldhladen">gold-hladen</a>, adj., <i>laden with gold</i> (wearing heavy gold
+ornaments).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgræghama">græg-hama</a>, w. m., <i>gray garment, mail-coat</i>;
+(<i>wolf</i>?&mdash;Brooke).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glgûthwudu">gû&eth;-wudu</a>, st. m., <i>war-wood, spear</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhägsteald">häg-steald</a>, st. m., <i>one who lives in his lord's house, a
+house-carl.</i></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheathogeong">hea&eth;o-geong</a>, adj., <i>young in war.</i></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glheresceorp">here-sceorp</a>, st. n., <i>war-dress, coat of mail</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhleothrian">hleo&eth;rian</a>, w. v., <i>to speak, exclaim</i>: pret. sg. hleo&eth;rode
+... cyning (<i>the prince exclaimed</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhræw">hræw</a>, st. n., <i>corpse</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glhrôr">hrôr</a>, adj., <i>strong</i>: here-sceorpum hrôr (<i>strong</i>
+[though it was] <i>as armor</i>, Bosw.).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gllac">lac</a> (<b>la&eth;</b>?)? for <b>flacor</b>, <i>fluttering?</i></p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="gloncwethan">oncwe&eth;an</a>, st. v., <i>to answer</i>: pres. sg. scyld scefte
+oncwy&eth; (<i>the shield answers the spear</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glonwacnian">onwacnian</a>, w. v., <i>to awake, arouse one's self</i>: imper.
+pl. onwacnigea&eth; ..., wîgend mine (<i>awake, my warriors!</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsceft">sceft</a> (sceaft), st. m., <i>spear, shaft</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsealobrûn">sealo-brûn</a>, adj., <i>dusky-brown</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsigebeorn">sige-beorn</a>, st. m., <i>victorious hero, valiant warrior</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswäther">swä&eth;er</a> (swâ hwä&eth;er), pron., <i>which of two, which</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswân">swân</a>, st. m., <i>swain, youth; warrior</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glsweart">sweart</a>, adj., <i>swart, black</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswêt">swêt</a>, adj., <i>sweet</i>: acc. m. swêtne medo ... forgyldan
+(<i>requite the sweet mead</i>, i.e. repay, by prowess in battle, the
+bounty of their chief).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glswurdleóma">swurd-leóma</a>, w. m., <i>sword-flame, flashing of swords</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glthyrl">&thorn;yrl</a>, adj., <i>pierced, cloven</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glundearninga">undearninga</a>, adv., <i>without concealment, openly</i>.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwandrian">wandrian</a>, w. v., <i>to fly about, hover</i>: pret. sg. hräfn
+wandrode (<i>the raven hovered</i>).</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwathol">wa&eth;ol</a>, st. m., <i>the full moon</i> [Grein]; [adj.,
+<i>wandering</i>, Bosw.].</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwälsliht">wäl-sliht</a> (<b>-sleaht</b>), st. m., <i>combat, deadly
+struggle</i>: gen. pl. wäl-slihta gehlyn (<i>the din of combats</i>)</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glweâdæd">weâ-dæd</a>, st. f., <i>deed of woe</i>: nom. pl. ârisa&eth; weâ-dæda.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwitian">witian</a> (<b>weotian</b>), w. v., <i>to appoint, determine</i>:
+part. &thorn;e is ... witod.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwurthlîce">wur&eth;lîce</a> (<b>weor&eth;lîce</b>), adv., <i>worthily, gallantly</i>:
+compar. wur&eth;-lîcor.</p>
+
+<p><a class="glentry" name="glwäg">wäg, weg</a>, st. m., <i>way</i>.</p>
+
+<h3><a name="corr"></a>CORRECTIONS MADE TO THE SOURCE TEXT:</h3>
+
+<p>ARGUMENT, recals = recalls
+ll. 131, 737 &thorn;ry&eth;-swy&eth; = &thorn;rý&eth;-swý&eth;
+l. 256 ôfest = ôfost
+l. 303 sciónon = scionon
+l. 706 buton = bûton
+l. 1115 ât = ät
+l. 1133 wî&eth; = wi&eth;
+ll. 1304, 1560, 1616 missing caesuras supplied
+l. 1436 here-sträl = here-stræl
+l. 1642 feôwer- = feówer
+l. 1747 sträle = stræle
+l. 1828 &thorn;ywa&eth; = &thorn;ýwa&eth;
+l. 1926 betlic = betlîc
+l. 2224 gesceód = gesceôd
+ll. 2288, 3036 wâs = wäs
+l. 2453 to = tô
+l. 2503 Huga = Hûga (marked long, correctly, in the list of names, but not elsewhere)
+l. 2586 ni&eth;e = nî&eth;e
+l. 2587 si&eth; = sî&eth;
+l. 2684 irenna = îrenna
+l. 2915 Hugas = Hûgas
+l. 2956 heá&eth;o-li&eth;endum = hea&eth;o-lî&eth;endum (heá&eth;u- in glossary)
+l. 3000 &THORN;ât = &THORN;ät; feônd- = feónd-
+l. 3056 só&eth; = sô&eth;
+l. 3137 Hrônes = Hrones
+list of names, under:
+ Dene, Scedenîgge = Scedenigge
+ Eádgils, Ohthere = Ôhthere
+ Freáwaru, Freawaru = Freáwaru
+ Hrô&eth;gâr, Hrô&eth;-gâre = Hrô&eth;gâre
+ Hygelac, Hære&eth; = Häre&eth;
+notes, for
+l. 31, of l. 31 = of l. 30
+l. 1441, wô&eth;- = wæg-
+l. 1916, leôfra = leófra
+glossary, under:
+ ä&eth;ele, Beowulf's = Beówulf's
+ ân, gehwilces = gehwylces
+ æg-hwâ, ægh-wäs = æghwäs
+ ät-beran, beadolâce = beadulâce
+ beadu-lâc, beado- = beadu- (twice)
+ beág, beages = beáges
+ beorh, heáford- = heáfod
+ beódan, leodum = leódum
+ beón, cwênlic = cwênlîc
+ biddan, bli&eth;ne = blî&eth;ne
+ bitter, sträle = stræle
+ ge-bîdan, therefor = therefore
+ on-bîdan, earfô&eth;lîce = earfo&eth;lîce
+ brecan, lêtdse = lêt se
+ burne, of of = of
+ bûtan, swîce = swice
+ cempa, Huga = Hûga
+ ge-ceósan, usic = ûsic
+ on-cirran, wealdendas = wealdendes
+ cor&eth;er, &thorn;ä = &thorn;â
+ cû&eth;, wî&eth;- = wîd-
+ cunnan, &thorn;eáwe = &thorn;eáw
+ dôgor, gehwam = gehwâm
+ dôn, ymbsittend = ymbesittend; hettend = hetend; &thorn;ywa&eth; = &thorn;ýwa&eth;
+ drîfan, feoran = feorran
+ dryhten, freáh- = freá-
+ dryht-scipe, drihtscipe = drihtscype
+ ge-dýgan, wräcsi&eth; = wräcsî&eth;
+ eal, oncy&eth;&eth;e = oncý&eth;&eth;e
+ ealdor, heresträl = herestræl
+ eácen-cräftig, iúmanna = iúmonna
+ eofor-spreót, hocyhtum = hôcyhtum
+ eorlîc, eorlic [ellen] = eorlîc
+ fâh, wâldreóre = wäldreóre
+ ô&eth;-ferian, panon = &thorn;onan
+ fela, ma&eth;&eth;um- = mâ&eth;&eth;um
+ fêran, wäre = wære
+ feónd, feonda = feónda
+ fleón, fenhôpu = fenhopu
+ floga, wî&eth;- = wîd-
+ folc-toga, Hrô&eth;gar = Hrô&eth;gâr
+ for, wonhydum = wonhýdum; handgeweorc = hondgeweorc
+ fôt-gemearc, long = lang
+ ge-frignan, &thorn;eodcyninga = &thorn;eódcyninga
+ ge-fyr&eth;ran, fratwum = frätwum
+ ge-fýsan, to sêcanne = tô sêceanne
+ gân, swa = swâ; [or] giong = gióng; flore = flôre; sîttan = sittan
+ ge-gan, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gâr-wîga, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gäst, fêde- = fê&eth;e-
+ gegn-cwide, &thorn;inra = &thorn;înra
+ ge-gyrwan, y&eth;lidan = ý&eth;lidan
+ geóc, gást = gâst
+ geômore-lîc, [bi&eth;] geômorlic = geômorlîc
+ for-gildan, therefor = therefore
+ gold-wlanc, gu&eth;rinc = gû&eth;rinc
+ grêtan, walgæst = wälgæst
+ grim, searo-grimm = searo-grim
+ habban, gecorene = gecorone
+ wi&eth;-habban, winsele = wînsele
+ hatan, sæli&eth;end = sælî&eth;end
+ hatian, gu&eth;-scea&eth;a = gû&eth;-scea&eth;a
+ hâr, heâre = heáre
+ here-stræl, -sträl = stræl
+ heard, -sträl = -stræl; regen- = regn-
+ heorte, starc- = stearc
+ heoro-dreór, heoro-dreore (citation) = heoro-dreóre
+ hli&eth;, hli&eth;u = hli&eth;o (twice)
+ hôp, hôp = hop
+ hreow, &thorn;ât = &thorn;ät
+ hrôf, geseáh = geseah
+ hwîl, seo = seó
+ hýran, æghwilc = æghwylc
+ inne, abeád = âbeád
+ îren, drihtlîc = dryhtlîc
+ lâ&eth;, gewi&eth;ru = gewidru; scynnum = scinnum
+ be-leán, beleân = beleán
+ mêtan, Aescheres = Äscheres
+ mearcian, môrhôpu = môrhopu
+ ge-mearian, hwam = hwâm
+ mor&eth;or-bed, stred = strêd
+ môd, sti&eth;- = stî&eth;
+ nænig, hor&eth;-mâ&eth;um = hord-mâ&eth;&eth;um
+ on, heá&eth;e = heo&eth;e; willen = willan
+ ræd, fæst- = fäst
+ reccan, hu = hû
+ rîdan, gealgan = galgan
+ sang, -leasne = leásne
+ sceapan, Hugas = Hûgas (twice)
+ scânan, sciónon = scionon
+ scînan, scînon = scinon
+ secg, synnigne = sinnigne
+ ge-sêcan, -cy&eth;&eth;e = cý&eth;&eth;e
+ ge-sîgan, ätsäcce = ät säcce
+ ge-sleán, ge-slôgan = ge-slôgon
+ standan, sträl = stræl
+ stapan, fur&eth;or = fur&eth;ur
+ ge-steppan, Ohtheres = Ôhteres
+ stincan, &thorn;ä = &thorn;â
+ styrian, ge-wi&eth;ru = ge-widru
+ sweord, ma&eth;&eth;um- = mâ&eth;&eth;um
+ ge-swîcan, &thorn;eodne = &thorn;eódne
+ teón (w. v.), naläs = nalas; teodan = teódan
+ tô, hälum = hælum; sitte = site; Eofore = Jofore
+ ge-trûwan, -wäre = wære
+ ge-twæfan, ô&eth;&eth;e = o&eth;&eth;e
+ &thorn;ær, snotera = snottra
+ &thorn;e, gimfästan = ginfästan
+ of-&thorn;incan, gehwam = gehwâm
+ ge-&thorn;olian, &thorn;ât = &thorn;ät
+ &thorn;u, sælran = selran
+ &thorn;ûsend, seófon = seofan
+ un-heóre, -speru = -sporu
+ ûs, æg-hwilc = æg-hwylc
+ wacan, wôcon = wôcun
+ werian, beaduscrûd = beaduscrûda
+ be-werian, scynnum = scinnum
+ wên, orlêg = orleg; ôr-wena = or-wêna
+ weor&eth;ian, leôde = leóde
+ willa, wyllum = willum
+ wilnian, fä&eth;er = fäder
+ nât, hwilc = hwylc (twice)
+ ge-wîtan, wäre = wære</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf
+by James A. Harrison and Robert Sharp, eds.
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+This file should be named 8bwlf10h.htm or 8bwlf10h.zip
+Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks get a new NUMBER, 8bwlf11h.htm
+VERSIONS based on separate sources get new LETTER, 8bwlf10ah.htm
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+Project Gutenberg eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the US
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we usually do not
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+We are now trying to release all our eBooks one year in advance
+of the official release dates, leaving time for better editing.
+Please be encouraged to tell us about any error or corrections,
+even years after the official publication date.
+
+Please note neither this listing nor its contents are final til
+midnight of the last day of the month of any such announcement.
+The official release date of all Project Gutenberg eBooks is at
+Midnight, Central Time, of the last day of the stated month.  A
+preliminary version may often be posted for suggestion, comment
+and editing by those who wish to do so.
+
+Most people start at our Web sites at:
+http://gutenberg.net or
+http://promo.net/pg
+
+These Web sites include award-winning information about Project
+Gutenberg, including how to donate, how to help produce our new
+eBooks, and how to subscribe to our email newsletter (free!).
+
+
+Those of you who want to download any eBook before announcement
+can get to them as follows, and just download by date.  This is
+also a good way to get them instantly upon announcement, as the
+indexes our cataloguers produce obviously take a while after an
+announcement goes out in the Project Gutenberg Newsletter.
+
+http://www.ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext03 or
+ftp://ftp.ibiblio.org/pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext03
+
+Or /etext02, 01, 00, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90
+
+Just search by the first five letters of the filename you want,
+as it appears in our Newsletters.
+
+
+Information about Project Gutenberg (one page)
+
+We produce about two million dollars for each hour we work.  The
+time it takes us, a rather conservative estimate, is fifty hours
+to get any eBook selected, entered, proofread, edited, copyright
+searched and analyzed, the copyright letters written, etc.   Our
+projected audience is one hundred million readers.  If the value
+per text is nominally estimated at one dollar then we produce $2
+million dollars per hour in 2002 as we release over 100 new text
+files per month:  1240 more eBooks in 2001 for a total of 4000+
+We are already on our way to trying for 2000 more eBooks in 2002
+If they reach just 1-2% of the world's population then the total
+will reach over half a trillion eBooks given away by year's end.
+
+The Goal of Project Gutenberg is to Give Away 1 Trillion eBooks!
+This is ten thousand titles each to one hundred million readers,
+which is only about 4% of the present number of computer users.
+
+Here is the briefest record of our progress (* means estimated):
+
+eBooks Year Month
+
+    1  1971 July
+   10  1991 January
+  100  1994 January
+ 1000  1997 August
+ 1500  1998 October
+ 2000  1999 December
+ 2500  2000 December
+ 3000  2001 November
+ 4000  2001 October/November
+ 6000  2002 December*
+ 9000  2003 November*
+10000  2004 January*
+
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been created
+to secure a future for Project Gutenberg into the next millennium.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+As of February, 2002, contributions are being solicited from people
+and organizations in: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Connecticut,
+Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois,
+Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts,
+Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New
+Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
+Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South
+Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West
+Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
+
+We have filed in all 50 states now, but these are the only ones
+that have responded.
+
+As the requirements for other states are met, additions to this list
+will be made and fund raising will begin in the additional states.
+Please feel free to ask to check the status of your state.
+
+In answer to various questions we have received on this:
+
+We are constantly working on finishing the paperwork to legally
+request donations in all 50 states.  If your state is not listed and
+you would like to know if we have added it since the list you have,
+just ask.
+
+While we cannot solicit donations from people in states where we are
+not yet registered, we know of no prohibition against accepting
+donations from donors in these states who approach us with an offer to
+donate.
+
+International donations are accepted, but we don't know ANYTHING about
+how to make them tax-deductible, or even if they CAN be made
+deductible, and don't have the staff to handle it even if there are
+ways.
+
+Donations by check or money order may be sent to:
+
+Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+PMB 113
+1739 University Ave.
+Oxford, MS 38655-4109
+
+Contact us if you want to arrange for a wire transfer or payment
+method other than by check or money order.
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation has been approved by
+the US Internal Revenue Service as a 501(c)(3) organization with EIN
+[Employee Identification Number] 64-622154.  Donations are
+tax-deductible to the maximum extent permitted by law.  As fund-raising
+requirements for other states are met, additions to this list will be
+made and fund-raising will begin in the additional states.
+
+We need your donations more than ever!
+
+You can get up to date donation information online at:
+
+http://www.gutenberg.net/donation.html
+
+
+***
+
+If you can't reach Project Gutenberg,
+you can always email directly to:
+
+Michael S. Hart hart@pobox.com
+
+Prof. Hart will answer or forward your message.
+
+We would prefer to send you information by email.
+
+
+**The Legal Small Print**
+
+
+(Three Pages)
+
+***START**THE SMALL PRINT!**FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS**START***
+Why is this "Small Print!" statement here? You know: lawyers.
+They tell us you might sue us if there is something wrong with
+your copy of this eBook, even if you got it for free from
+someone other than us, and even if what's wrong is not our
+fault. So, among other things, this "Small Print!" statement
+disclaims most of our liability to you. It also tells you how
+you may distribute copies of this eBook if you want to.
+
+*BEFORE!* YOU USE OR READ THIS EBOOK
+By using or reading any part of this PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
+eBook, you indicate that you understand, agree to and accept
+this "Small Print!" statement. If you do not, you can receive
+a refund of the money (if any) you paid for this eBook by
+sending a request within 30 days of receiving it to the person
+you got it from. If you received this eBook on a physical
+medium (such as a disk), you must return it with your request.
+
+ABOUT PROJECT GUTENBERG-TM EBOOKS
+This PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook, like most PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBooks,
+is a "public domain" work distributed by Professor Michael S. Hart
+through the Project Gutenberg Association (the "Project").
+Among other things, this means that no one owns a United States copyright
+on or for this work, so the Project (and you!) can copy and
+distribute it in the United States without permission and
+without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth
+below, apply if you wish to copy and distribute this eBook
+under the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark.
+
+Please do not use the "PROJECT GUTENBERG" trademark to market
+any commercial products without permission.
+
+To create these eBooks, the Project expends considerable
+efforts to identify, transcribe and proofread public domain
+works. Despite these efforts, the Project's eBooks and any
+medium they may be on may contain "Defects". Among other
+things, Defects may take the form of incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
+intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged
+disk or other eBook medium, a computer virus, or computer
+codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.
+
+LIMITED WARRANTY; DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES
+But for the "Right of Replacement or Refund" described below,
+[1] Michael Hart and the Foundation (and any other party you may
+receive this eBook from as a PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm eBook) disclaims
+all liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including
+legal fees, and [2] YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE OR
+UNDER STRICT LIABILITY, OR FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY OR CONTRACT,
+INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE
+OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+If you discover a Defect in this eBook within 90 days of
+receiving it, you can receive a refund of the money (if any)
+you paid for it by sending an explanatory note within that
+time to the person you received it from. If you received it
+on a physical medium, you must return it with your note, and
+such person may choose to alternatively give you a replacement
+copy. If you received it electronically, such person may
+choose to alternatively give you a second opportunity to
+receive it electronically.
+
+THIS EBOOK IS OTHERWISE PROVIDED TO YOU "AS-IS". NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE MADE TO YOU AS
+TO THE EBOOK OR ANY MEDIUM IT MAY BE ON, INCLUDING BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+Some states do not allow disclaimers of implied warranties or
+the exclusion or limitation of consequential damages, so the
+above disclaimers and exclusions may not apply to you, and you
+may have other legal rights.
+
+INDEMNITY
+You will indemnify and hold Michael Hart, the Foundation,
+and its trustees and agents, and any volunteers associated
+with the production and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
+texts harmless, from all liability, cost and expense, including
+legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of the
+following that you do or cause:  [1] distribution of this eBook,
+[2] alteration, modification, or addition to the eBook,
+or [3] any Defect.
+
+DISTRIBUTION UNDER "PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm"
+You may distribute copies of this eBook electronically, or by
+disk, book or any other medium if you either delete this
+"Small Print!" and all other references to Project Gutenberg,
+or:
+
+[1]  Only give exact copies of it.  Among other things, this
+     requires that you do not remove, alter or modify the
+     eBook or this "small print!" statement.  You may however,
+     if you wish, distribute this eBook in machine readable
+     binary, compressed, mark-up, or proprietary form,
+     including any form resulting from conversion by word
+     processing or hypertext software, but only so long as
+     *EITHER*:
+
+     [*]  The eBook, when displayed, is clearly readable, and
+          does *not* contain characters other than those
+          intended by the author of the work, although tilde
+          (~), asterisk (*) and underline (_) characters may
+          be used to convey punctuation intended by the
+          author, and additional characters may be used to
+          indicate hypertext links; OR
+
+     [*]  The eBook may be readily converted by the reader at
+          no expense into plain ASCII, EBCDIC or equivalent
+          form by the program that displays the eBook (as is
+          the case, for instance, with most word processors);
+          OR
+
+     [*]  You provide, or agree to also provide on request at
+          no additional cost, fee or expense, a copy of the
+          eBook in its original plain ASCII form (or in EBCDIC
+          or other equivalent proprietary form).
+
+[2]  Honor the eBook refund and replacement provisions of this
+     "Small Print!" statement.
+
+[3]  Pay a trademark license fee to the Foundation of 20% of the
+     gross profits you derive calculated using the method you
+     already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  If you
+     don't derive profits, no royalty is due.  Royalties are
+     payable to "Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation"
+     the 60 days following each date you prepare (or were
+     legally required to prepare) your annual (or equivalent
+     periodic) tax return.  Please contact us beforehand to
+     let us know your plans and to work out the details.
+
+WHAT IF YOU *WANT* TO SEND MONEY EVEN IF YOU DON'T HAVE TO?
+Project Gutenberg is dedicated to increasing the number of
+public domain and licensed works that can be freely distributed
+in machine readable form.
+
+The Project gratefully accepts contributions of money, time,
+public domain materials, or royalty free copyright licenses.
+Money should be paid to the:
+"Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+If you are interested in contributing scanning equipment or
+software or other items, please contact Michael Hart at:
+hart@pobox.com
+
+[Portions of this eBook's header and trailer may be reprinted only
+when distributed free of all fees.  Copyright (C) 2001, 2002 by
+Michael S. Hart.  Project Gutenberg is a TradeMark and may not be
+used in any sales of Project Gutenberg eBooks or other materials be
+they hardware or software or any other related product without
+express permission.]
+
+*END THE SMALL PRINT! FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN EBOOKS*Ver.02/11/02*END*
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/old/8bwlf10h.zip b/old/8bwlf10h.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a085ab6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/8bwlf10h.zip
diff --git a/old/9700-8.txt b/old/9700-8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a07c03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/9700-8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20520 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Beowulf
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Editor: James A. Harrison
+        Robert Sharp
+
+Posting Date: November 22, 2011 [EBook #9700]
+Release Date: January, 2006
+First Posted: October 12, 2003
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+** Preface to the Project Gutenberg Edition of Beowulf **
+
+This text is a corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and
+Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version,
+available in 8-bit (Latin-1) text and HTML, presents the original text as
+printed. This file contains the original version. It preserves the
+source-text's idiosyncratic use of accented vowels with the exception of
+y-circumflex, which is replaced by y-acute (ý) to fit within the Latin-1
+character set. Manifestly unintentional errors in the text have been
+corrected. In general, this has only been done when the text is internally
+inconsistent (e.g., a quotation in the glossary does not match the main
+text). Forms that represent deliberate editorial choice have not been
+altered, even where they appear wrong. (For example, some of the markings
+of vowel length do not reflect current scholarly consensus.) Where an
+uncorrected problem may confuse the reader, I have inserted a note
+explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made
+is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful
+to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition, available in
+Unicode (UTF-8) and HTML. Notes from the source text that indicate changes
+adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and
+apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the
+common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some
+words has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct.
+Quantities have not been changed when the difference is a matter of
+editorial interpretation (e.g., gäst vs. gæst in l. 102, etc.) A list of
+these altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections.
+Your browser must support the Unicode character set to use the revised
+version.
+
+Explanation of the Vowel Accenting
+
+In general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark
+long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character 'æ' represents the long
+vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut (ä). The long diphthongs (eo,
+ea, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the _second_ vowel (eó,
+eá, etc.).
+
+** End of PG Preface **
+
+
+I. BEÓWULF:
+
+_AN ANGLO-SAXON POEM_.
+
+II. THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURH:
+
+_A FRAGMENT_.
+
+WITH TEXT AND GLOSSARY ON THE BASIS OF M. HEYNE.
+
+EDITED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, BY
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON, LL.D., LITT. D.,
+
+PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND MODERN LANGUAGES, WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+
+AND
+
+ROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.),
+
+PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA.
+
+FOURTH EDITION. REVISED, WITH NOTES.
+
+GINN & COMPANY
+
+BOSTON--NEW YORK--CHICAGO--LONDON
+
+Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by
+
+JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP
+
+in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
+
+
+
+DEDICATED
+
+TO
+
+PROFESSOR F. A. MARCH, OF LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PA.,
+
+AND
+
+FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. FOUNDER OF THE "NEW SHAKSPERE SOCIETY," THE
+"CHAUCER SOCIETY," ETC., ETC.
+
+
+
+PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
+
+The favor with which the successive editions of "Beówulf" have been
+received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to continue
+the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable feature of
+which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for the first time
+added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new textual readings,
+with here and there grammatical, geographical, and archæological points
+that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms and parallel passages are
+constantly compared, with the view of making the poem illustrate and
+explain itself. A few emendations and textual changes are suggested by the
+editors with all possible diffidence; numerous corrections have been made
+in the Glossary and List of Names; and the valuable parts of former
+Appendices have been embodied in the Notes.
+
+For the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German
+periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of Professors
+Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the Heyne-Socin edition
+of "Beówulf." No change has been made in the system of accentuation, though
+a few errors in quantity have been corrected. The editors are looking
+forward to an eventual fifth edition, in which an entirely new text will be
+presented.
+
+October, 1893.
+
+
+
+NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
+
+This third edition of the American issue of Beówulf will, the editors hope,
+be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding editions.
+Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and some
+additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two brief
+appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical system of
+Beówulf will find ample material for their studies in Sievers' exhaustive
+essay on that subject (Beiträge, X. 209-314).
+
+Socin's edition of Heyne's Beówulf (called the fifth edition) has been
+utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came too
+late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and
+inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is valuable
+to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary. Students of the
+poem, which has been subjected to much searching criticism during the last
+decade, will also derive especial help from the contributions of Sievers
+and Kluge on difficult questions appertaining to it. Wülker's new edition
+(in the Grein _Bibliothek_) is of the highest value, however one may
+dissent from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.'
+Paul and Braune's Beiträge contain a varied miscellany of hints,
+corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge,
+Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are found
+in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition. Holder and
+Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann Möller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel (Anzeiger f.d.
+Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.), Brenner (Eng. Studien,
+IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have assisted materially in the
+textual and metrical interpretation of the poem.
+
+The subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able
+essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.), Kluge
+(Beiträge, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this field that
+the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels found in the text
+of their original edition, while indicating in the appendices the now
+accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the personal pronouns (mê,
+wê, þû, þê, gê, hê); the adverb nû, etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish
+absolutely all attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms.
+has them marked.
+
+An approximately complete Bibliography of Beówulf literature will be found
+in Wülker's _Grundriss_ and in Garnett's translation of the poem.
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+
+ROBERT SHARP.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., May, 1888.
+
+
+NOTE TO THE SECOND REVISED EDITION.
+
+The editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their edition
+of Beówulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings, they have
+determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book, and thus
+endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty errors had,
+notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the text,--errors in
+single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have been corrected, and it
+is hoped that the text has been rendered generally accurate and
+trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two corrections have been made,
+and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in gender, classification, and
+translation, apparently unavoidable in a first edition, have been
+rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern _single_ letters, or occupy very
+small space, they have been corrected in the plates; where they are longer,
+and the expense of correcting them in the plates would have been very
+great, the editors have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of
+Corrections and Additions, which will be found at the back of the book.
+Students are accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer
+corrections and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has
+been much enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late
+criticisms and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder,
+Wülker, and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested
+readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt
+passages.
+
+The objectionable ä and æ, for the short and the long diphthong, have been
+retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of removing
+them without entirely recasting the plates.
+
+In conclusion, the editors would acknowledge their great indebtedness to
+the friends and critics whose remarks and criticisms have materially aided
+in the correction of the text,--particularly to Profs. C.P.G. Scott,
+Baskervill, Price, and J.M. Hart; to Prof. J.W. Bright; and to the
+authorities of Cornell University, for the loan of periodicals necessary to
+the completeness of the revision. While the second revised edition still
+contains much that might be improved, the editors cannot but hope that it
+is an advance on its predecessor, and that it will continue its work of
+extending the study of Old English throughout the land.
+
+JUNE, 1885.
+
+
+NOTE I.
+
+The present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition, (Paderborn,
+1879), is designed primarily for college classes in Anglo-Saxon, rather
+than for independent investigators or for seekers after a restored or ideal
+text. The need of an American edition of "Beówulf" has long been felt, as,
+hitherto, students have had either to send to Germany for a text, or
+secure, with great trouble, one of the scarce and expensive English
+editions. Heyne's first edition came out in 1863, and was followed in 1867
+and 1873 by a second and a third edition, all three having essentially the
+same text.
+
+So many important contributions to the "Beówulf" literature were, however,
+made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to put forth a new
+edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text was subjected to a
+careful revision, and was fortified by the views, contributions, and
+criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the collation of the unique
+"Beówulf" Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss. of the British Museum), as
+made by E. Kölbing in Herrig's _Archiv_ (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed
+wherever the present condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the
+researches of Bugge, Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use
+of. The discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in
+the second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the many
+controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present editor
+has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the subject of Old
+English _Metrik_ is undergoing a steady illumination through the labors of
+Schipper and others.
+
+Some errors and misplaced accents in Heyne's text have been corrected in
+the present edition, in which, as in the general revision of the text, the
+editor has been most kindly aided by Prof. J.M. Garnett, late Principal of
+St. John's College, Maryland.
+
+In the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought best
+to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally with
+conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for another, and
+discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until Wülker's text and the
+photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the hands of all
+scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters in the school
+room, where they would puzzle without instructing.
+
+For convenience of reference, the editor has added a head-line to each
+"fit" of the poem, with a view to facilitate a knowledge of its episodes.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., June, 1882.
+
+
+NOTE II.
+
+The editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a complete
+text and a tolerably complete glossary of "Beówulf." The edition is the
+first published in America, and the first of its special kind presented to
+the English public, and it is the initial volume of a "Library of
+Anglo-Saxon Poetry," to be edited under the same auspices and with the
+coöperation of distinguished scholars in this country. Among these scholars
+may be mentioned Professors F.A. March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of
+Columbia College, and W.M. Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.
+
+In the preparation of the Glossary the editors found it necessary to
+abandon a literal and exact translation of Heyne for several reasons, and
+among others from the fact that Heyne seems to be wrong in the translation
+of some of his illustrative quotations, and even translates the same
+passage in two or three different ways under different headings. The
+orthography of his glossary differs considerably from the orthography of
+his text. He fails to discriminate with due nicety the meanings of many of
+the words in his vocabulary, while criticism more recent than his latest
+edition (1879) has illustrated or overthrown several of his renderings. The
+references were found to be incorrect in innumerable instances, and had to
+be verified in every individual case so far as this was possible, a few
+only, which resisted all efforts at verification, having to be indicated by
+an interrogation point (?). The references are exceedingly numerous, and
+the labor of verifying them was naturally great. To many passages in the
+Glossary, where Heyne's translation could not be trusted with entire
+certainty, the editors have added other translations of phrases and
+sentences or of special words; and in this they have been aided by a
+careful study of the text and a comparison and utilization of the views of
+Kemble and Professor J.M. Garnett (who takes Grein for his foundation).
+Many new references have been added; and the various passages in which
+Heyne fails to indicate whether a given verb is weak or strong, or fails to
+point out the number, etc., of the illustrative form, have been corrected
+and made to harmonize with the general plan of the work. Numerous misprints
+in the glossary have also been corrected, and a brief glossary to the
+Finnsburh-fragment, prepared by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne, and supplemented and
+adapted by the editor-in-chief, has been added.
+
+The editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for themselves
+something more than the claim of being re-translators of a translation: the
+present edition is, so far as they were able to make it so, an adaptation,
+correction, and extension of the work of the great German scholar to whose
+loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon epic all students of Old English owe
+a debt of gratitude. While following his usually sure and cautious
+guidance, and in the main appropriating his results, they have thought it
+best to deviate from him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed
+that he was wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of
+interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a point
+of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by the German
+editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many
+places,--"Beówulf" is a most difficult poem,--but their view may at least
+be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have faithfully
+and constantly consulted.
+
+A good many cognate Modern English words have been introduced here and
+there in the Glossary with a view to illustration, and other addenda will
+be found between brackets and parenthetical marks.
+
+It is hoped that the present edition of the most famous of Old English
+poems will do something to promote a valuable and interesting study.
+
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+_Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va._
+
+ROBERT SHARP,
+_University of Louisiana, New Orleans_.
+
+April, 1883.
+
+
+The responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for the
+Text, and for the Glossary from hrînan on; S. for the List of Names, and
+for the Glossary as far as hrînan.
+
+ARGUMENT.
+
+The only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire is
+Beówulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:--The poem opens with a few
+verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of Sceaf.
+His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down to Hroðgar.
+Hroðgar, elated with his prosperity and success in war, builds a
+magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hroðgar and his
+retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend, called
+Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night thirty of
+Hroðgar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat. These ravages go
+on for twelve years. Beówulf, a thane of Hygelac, King of the Goths,
+hearing of Hroðgar's calamities, sails from Sweden with fourteen
+warriors--to help him. They reach the Danish coast in safety; and, after an
+animated parley with Hroðgar's coastguard, who at first takes them for
+pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the royal hall, where they are well
+received by Hroðgar. A banquet ensues, during which Beówulf is taunted by
+the envious Hunferhð about his swimming-match with Breca, King of the
+Brondings. Beówulf gives the true account of the contest, and silences
+Hunferhð. At night-fall the King departs, leaving Beówulf in charge of the
+hall. Grendel soon breaks in, seizes and devours one of Beówulf's
+companions; is attacked by Beówulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn
+off by Beówulf, escapes to the fens. The joy of Hroðgar and the Danes, and
+their festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and
+Beówulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night Grendel's
+mother revenges her son by carrying off Æschere, the friend and councillor
+of Hroðgar, during the absence of Beówulf. Hroðgar appeals to Beówulf for
+vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel and his mother. They all
+proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and the monsters that dwell in
+it, are described. Beówulf plunges into the water, and attacks Grendel's
+mother in her dwelling at the bottom of the lake. He at length overcomes
+her, and cuts off her head, together with that of Grendel, and brings the
+heads to Hroðgar. He then takes leave of Hroðgar, sails back to Sweden, and
+relates his adventures to Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends.
+The second begins with the accession of Beówulf to the throne, after the
+fall of Hygelac and his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty
+years, till a dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the
+country, and destroys Beówulf's palace with fire. Beówulf sets out in quest
+of its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his
+approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and exploits.
+He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and advances alone to
+attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter the cavern, he shouts
+aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's scaly hide is proof against
+Beówulf's sword, and he is reduced to great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of
+his followers, advances to help him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the
+dragon's fiery breath, and he is compelled to seek shelter under Beówulf's
+shield of iron. Beówulf's sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the
+dragon. Wiglaf stabs the dragon from underneath, and Beówulf cuts it in two
+with his dagger. Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the
+treasures from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf
+enters the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Beówulf, and
+receives his last commands. Beówulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches
+his companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of
+Beówulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his funeral.--H.
+Sweet, in Warton's _History of English Poetry_, Vol. II. (ed. 1871). Cf.
+also Ten Brink's _History of English Literature_.
+
+
+
+
+BEÓWULF.
+
+
+I. THE PASSING OF SCYLD.
+
+     Hwät! we Gâr-Dena      in geâr-dagum
+     þeód-cyninga      þrym gefrunon,
+     hû þâ äðelingas      ellen fremedon.
+     Oft Scyld Scêfing      sceaðena þreátum,
+5    monegum mægðum      meodo-setla ofteáh.
+     Egsode eorl,      syððan ærest wearð
+     feá-sceaft funden:      he þäs frôfre gebâd,
+     weôx under wolcnum,      weorð-myndum ðâh,
+     ôð þät him æghwylc      þâra ymb-sittendra
+10   ofer hron-râde      hýran scolde,
+     gomban gyldan:      þät wäs gôd cyning!
+     þäm eafera wäs      äfter cenned
+     geong in geardum,      þone god sende
+     folce tô frôfre;      fyren-þearfe ongeat,
+15   þät hie ær drugon      aldor-leáse
+     lange hwîle.      Him þäs lîf-freá,
+     wuldres wealdend,      worold-âre forgeaf;
+     Beówulf wäs breme      (blæd wîde sprang),
+     Scyldes eafera      Scede-landum in.
+20   Swâ sceal geong guma,      gôde gewyrcean,
+     fromum feoh-giftum      on fäder wine,
+     þät hine on ylde      eft gewunigen
+     wil-gesîðas,      þonne wîg cume,
+     leóde gelæsten:      lof-dædum sceal
+25   in mægða gehwære      man geþeón.
+     Him þâ Scyld gewât      tô gescäp-hwîle
+     fela-hrôr fêran      on freán wære;
+     hi hyne þâ ätbæron      tô brimes faroðe.
+     swæse gesîðas,      swâ he selfa bäd,
+30   þenden wordum weóld      wine Scyldinga,
+     leóf land-fruma      lange âhte.
+     Þær ät hýðe stôd      hringed-stefna,
+     îsig and ûtfûs,      äðelinges fär;
+     â-lêdon þâ      leófne þeóden,
+35   beága bryttan      on bearm scipes,
+     mærne be mäste.      Þær wäs mâdma fela,
+     of feor-wegum      frätwa gelæded:
+     ne hýrde ic cymlîcor      ceól gegyrwan
+     hilde-wæpnum      and heaðo-wædum,
+40   billum and byrnum;      him on bearme läg
+     mâdma mänigo,      þâ him mid scoldon
+     on flôdes æht      feor gewîtan.
+     Nalas hi hine lässan      lâcum teódan,
+     þeód-gestreónum,      þonne þâ dydon,
+45   þe hine ät frumsceafte      forð onsendon
+     ænne ofer ýðe      umbor wesende:
+     þâ gyt hie him âsetton      segen gyldenne
+     heáh ofer heáfod,      lêton holm beran,
+     geâfon on gâr-secg:      him wäs geômor sefa,
+50   murnende môd.      Men ne cunnon
+     secgan tô soðe      sele-rædende,
+     häleð under heofenum,      hwâ þäm hläste onfêng.
+
+
+II. THE HALL HEOROT.
+
+     Þâ wäs on burgum      Beówulf Scyldinga,
+     leóf leód-cyning,      longe þrage
+55   folcum gefræge      (fäder ellor hwearf,
+     aldor of earde),      ôð þät him eft onwôc
+     heáh Healfdene;      heóld þenden lifde,
+     gamol and gûð-reów,      gläde Scyldingas.
+     Þäm feówer bearn      forð-gerîmed
+60   in worold wôcun,      weoroda ræswan,
+     Heorogâr and Hrôðgâr      and Hâlga til;
+     hýrde ic, þat Elan cwên      Ongenþeówes wäs
+     Heaðoscilfinges      heals-gebedde.
+     Þâ wäs Hrôðgâre      here-spêd gyfen,
+65   wîges weorð-mynd,      þät him his wine-mâgas
+     georne hýrdon,      ôð þät seó geogoð geweôx,
+     mago-driht micel.      Him on môd bearn,
+     þät heal-reced      hâtan wolde,
+     medo-ärn micel      men gewyrcean,
+70   þone yldo bearn      æfre gefrunon,
+     and þær on innan      eall gedælan
+     geongum and ealdum,      swylc him god sealde,
+     bûton folc-scare      and feorum gumena.
+     Þâ ic wîde gefrägn      weorc gebannan
+75   manigre mægðe      geond þisne middan-geard,
+     folc-stede frätwan.      Him on fyrste gelomp
+     ädre mid yldum,      þät hit wearð eal gearo,
+     heal-ärna mæst;      scôp him Heort naman,
+     se þe his wordes geweald      wîde häfde.
+80   He beót ne âlêh,      beágas dælde,
+     sinc ät symle.      Sele hlifade
+     heáh and horn-geáp:      heaðo-wylma bâd,
+     lâðan lîges;      ne wäs hit lenge þâ gen
+     þät se ecg-hete      âðum-swerian
+85   äfter wäl-nîðe      wäcnan scolde.
+     Þâ se ellen-gæst      earfoðlîce
+     þrage geþolode,      se þe in þýstrum bâd,
+     þät he dôgora gehwâm      dreám gehýrde
+     hlûdne in healle;      þær wäs hearpan swêg,
+90   swutol sang scôpes.      Sägde se þe cûðe
+     frum-sceaft fira      feorran reccan,
+     cwäð þät se älmihtiga      eorðan worhte,
+     wlite-beorhtne wang,      swâ wäter bebûgeð,
+     gesette sige-hrêðig      sunnan and mônan
+95   leóman tô leóhte      land-bûendum,
+     and gefrätwade      foldan sceátas
+     leomum and leáfum;      lîf eác gesceôp
+     cynna gehwylcum,      þâra þe cwice hwyrfað.
+     Swâ þâ driht-guman      dreámum lifdon
+100  eádiglîce,      ôð þät ân ongan
+     fyrene fremman,      feónd on helle:
+     wäs se grimma gäst      Grendel hâten,
+     mære mearc-stapa,      se þe môras heóld,
+     fen and fästen;      fîfel-cynnes eard
+105  won-sælig wer      weardode hwîle,
+     siððan him scyppend      forscrifen häfde.
+     In Caines cynne      þone cwealm gewräc,
+     êce drihten,      þäs þe he Abel slôg;
+     ne gefeah he þære fæhðe,      ac he hine feor forwräc,
+110  metod for þý mâne      man-cynne fram.
+     Þanon untydras      ealle onwôcon,
+     eotenas and ylfe      and orcnêas,
+     swylce gigantas,      þâ wið gode wunnon
+     lange þrage;      he him þäs leán forgeald.
+
+
+III. GRENDEL'S VISITS.
+
+115  Gewât þâ neósian,      syððan niht becom,
+     heán hûses,      hû hit Hring-Dene
+     äfter beór-þege      gebûn häfdon.
+     Fand þâ þær inne      äðelinga gedriht
+     swefan äfter symble;      sorge ne cûðon,
+120  won-sceaft wera.      Wiht unhælo
+     grim and grædig      gearo sôna wäs,
+     reóc and rêðe,      and on räste genam
+     þritig þegna:      þanon eft gewât
+     hûðe hrêmig      tô hâm faran,
+125  mid þære wäl-fylle      wîca neósan.
+     Þâ wäs on uhtan      mid ær-däge
+     Grendles gûð-cräft      gumum undyrne:
+     þâ wäs äfter wiste      wôp up âhafen,
+     micel morgen-swêg.      Mære þeóden,
+130  äðeling ær-gôd,      unblîðe sät,
+     þolode þrýð-swýð,      þegn-sorge dreáh,
+     syððan hie þäs lâðan      lâst sceáwedon,
+     wergan gâstes;      wäs þät gewin tô strang,
+     lâð and longsum.      Näs hit lengra fyrst,
+135  ac ymb âne niht      eft gefremede
+     morð-beala mâre      and nô mearn fore
+     fæhðe and fyrene;      wäs tô fäst on þâm.
+     Þâ wäs eáð-fynde,      þe him elles hwær
+     gerûmlîcor      räste sôhte,
+140  bed äfter bûrum,      þâ him gebeácnod wäs,
+     gesägd sôðlîce      sweotolan tâcne
+     heal-þegnes hete;      heóld hine syððan
+     fyr and fästor,      se þäm feónde ätwand.
+     Swâ rîxode      and wið rihte wan
+145  âna wið eallum,      ôð þät îdel stôd
+     hûsa sêlest.      Wäs seó hwîl micel:
+     twelf wintra tîd      torn geþolode
+     wine Scyldinga,      weána gehwelcne,
+     sîdra sorga;      forþam syððan wearð
+150  ylda bearnum      undyrne cûð,
+     gyddum geômore,      þätte Grendel wan,
+     hwîle wið Hrôðgâr;--      hete-nîðas wäg,
+     fyrene and fæhðe      fela missera,
+     singale säce,      sibbe ne wolde
+155  wið manna hwone      mägenes Deniga
+     feorh-bealo feorran,      feó þingian,
+     ne þær nænig witena      wênan þorfte
+     beorhtre bôte      tô banan folmum;
+     atol äglæca      êhtende wäs,
+160  deorc deáð-scûa      duguðe and geogoðe
+     seomade and syrede.      Sin-nihte heóld
+     mistige môras;      men ne cunnon,
+     hwyder hel-rûnan      hwyrftum scrîðað.
+     Swâ fela fyrena      feónd man-cynnes,
+165  atol ân-gengea,      oft gefremede
+     heardra hýnða;      Heorot eardode,
+     sinc-fâge sel      sweartum nihtum
+     (nô he þone gif-stôl      grêtan môste,
+     mâððum for metode,      ne his myne wisse);
+170  þät wäs wræc micel      wine Scyldinga,
+     môdes brecða.      Monig-oft gesät
+     rîce tô rûne;      ræd eahtedon,
+     hwät swîð-ferhðum      sêlest wære
+     wið fær-gryrum      tô gefremmanne.
+175  Hwîlum hie gehêton      ät härg-trafum
+     wig-weorðunga,      wordum bædon,
+     þät him gâst-bona      geóce gefremede
+     wið þeód-þreáum.      Swylc wäs þeáw hyra,
+     hæðenra hyht;      helle gemundon
+180  in môd-sefan,      metod hie ne cûðon,
+     dæda dêmend,      ne wiston hie drihten god,
+     ne hie hûru heofena helm      hêrian ne cûðon,
+     wuldres waldend.      Wâ bið þäm þe sceal
+     þurh slîðne nîð      sâwle bescûfan
+185  in fýres fäðm,      frôfre ne wênan,
+     wihte gewendan;      wel bið þäm þe môt
+     äfter deáð-däge      drihten sêcean
+     and tô fäder fäðmum      freoðo wilnian.
+
+
+IV. HYGELAC'S THANE.
+
+     Swâ þâ mæl-ceare      maga Healfdenes
+190  singala seáð;      ne mihte snotor häleð
+     weán onwendan:      wäs þät gewin tô swýð,
+     lâð and longsum,      þe on þâ leóde becom,
+     nýd-wracu nîð-grim,      niht-bealwa mæst.
+     Þät fram hâm gefrägn      Higelâces þegn,
+195  gôd mid Geátum,      Grendles dæda:
+     se wäs mon-cynnes      mägenes strengest
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes,
+     äðele and eácen.      Hêt him ýð-lidan
+     gôdne gegyrwan;      cwäð he gûð-cyning
+200  ofer swan-râde      sêcean wolde,
+     mærne þeóden,      þâ him wäs manna þearf.
+     Þone sîð-fät him      snotere ceorlas
+     lyt-hwôn lôgon,      þeáh he him leóf wære;
+     hwetton higerôfne,      hæl sceáwedon.
+205  Häfde se gôda      Geáta leóda
+     cempan gecorone,      þâra þe he cênoste
+     findan mihte;      fîftena sum
+     sund-wudu sôhte;      secg wîsade,
+     lagu-cräftig mon,      land-gemyrcu.
+210  Fyrst forð gewât:      flota wäs on ýðum,
+     bât under beorge.      Beornas gearwe
+     on stefn stigon;      streámas wundon
+     sund wið sande;      secgas bæron
+     on bearm nacan      beorhte frätwe,
+215  gûð-searo geatolîc;      guman ût scufon,
+     weras on wil-sîð      wudu bundenne.
+     Gewât þâ ofer wæg-holm      winde gefýsed
+     flota fâmig-heals      fugle gelîcost,
+     ôð þät ymb ân-tîd      ôðres dôgores
+220  wunden-stefna      gewaden häfde,
+     þät þâ lîðende      land gesâwon,
+     brim-clifu blîcan,      beorgas steápe,
+     sîde sæ-nässas:      þâ wäs sund liden,
+     eoletes ät ende.      Þanon up hraðe
+225  Wedera leóde      on wang stigon,
+     sæ-wudu sældon      (syrcan hrysedon,
+     gûð-gewædo);      gode þancedon,
+     þäs þe him ýð-lâde      eáðe wurdon.
+     Þâ of wealle geseah      weard Scildinga,
+230  se þe holm-clifu      healdan scolde,
+     beran ofer bolcan      beorhte randas,
+     fyrd-searu fûslîcu;      hine fyrwyt bräc
+     môd-gehygdum,      hwät þâ men wæron.
+     Gewât him þâ tô waroðe      wicge rîdan
+235  þegn Hrôðgâres,      þrymmum cwehte
+     mägen-wudu mundum,      meðel-wordum frägn:
+     "Hwät syndon ge      searo-häbbendra
+     "byrnum werede,      þe þus brontne ceól
+     "ofer lagu-stræte      lædan cwômon,
+240  "hider ofer holmas      helmas bæron?
+     "Ic wäs ende-sæta,      æg-wearde heóld,
+     "þät on land Dena      lâðra nænig
+     "mid scip-herge      sceððan ne meahte.
+     "Nô her cûðlîcor      cuman ongunnon
+245  "lind-häbbende;      ne ge leáfnes-word
+     "gûð-fremmendra      gearwe ne wisson,
+     "mâga gemêdu.      Næfre ic mâran geseah
+     "eorla ofer eorðan,      þonne is eówer sum,
+     "secg on searwum;      nis þät seld-guma
+250 "wæpnum geweorðad,      näfne him his wlite leóge,
+     "ænlîc an-sýn.      Nu ic eówer sceal
+     "frum-cyn witan,      ær ge fyr heonan
+     "leáse sceáweras      on land Dena
+     "furður fêran.      Nu ge feor-bûend,
+255  "mere-lîðende,      mînne gehýrað
+     "ân-fealdne geþôht:      ôfost is sêlest
+     "tô gecýðanne,      hwanan eówre cyme syndon."
+
+
+V. THE ERRAND.
+
+     Him se yldesta      andswarode,
+     werodes wîsa,      word-hord onleác:
+260  "We synt gum-cynnes      Geáta leóde
+     "and Higelâces      heorð-geneátas.
+     "Wäs mîn fäder      folcum gecýðed,
+     "äðele ord-fruma      Ecgþeów hâten;
+     "gebâd wintra worn,      ær he on weg hwurfe,
+265  "gamol of geardum;      hine gearwe geman
+     "witena wel-hwylc      wîde geond eorðan.--
+     "We þurh holdne hige      hlâford þinne,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      sêcean cwômon,
+     "leód-gebyrgean:      wes þu ûs lârena gôd!
+270  "Habbað we tô þäm mæran      micel ærende
+     "Deniga freán;      ne sceal þær dyrne sum
+     "wesan, þäs ic wêne.      Þu wâst, gif hit is,
+     "swâ we sôðlice      secgan hýrdon,
+     "þät mid Scyldingum      sceaða ic nât hwylc,
+275  "deógol dæd-hata,      deorcum nihtum
+     "eáweð þurh egsan      uncûðne nîð,
+     "hýnðu and hrâ-fyl.      Ic þäs Hrôðgâr mäg
+     "þurh rûmne sefan      ræd gelæran,
+     "hû he frôd and gôd      feónd oferswýðeð,
+280  "gyf him ed-wendan      æfre scolde
+     "bealuwa bisigu,      bôt eft cuman
+     "and þâ cear-wylmas      côlran wurðað;
+     "oððe â syððan      earfoð-þrage,
+     "þreá-nýd þolað,      þenden þær wunað
+285  "on heáh-stede      hûsa sêlest."
+     Weard maðelode,      þær on wicge sät
+     ombeht unforht:      "Æghwäðres sceal
+     "scearp scyld-wîga      gescâd witan,
+     "worda and worca,      se þe wel þenceð.
+290  "Ic þät gehýre,      þät þis is hold weorod
+     "freán Scyldinga.      Gewîtað forð beran
+     "wæpen and gewædu,      ic eów wîsige:
+     "swylce ic magu-þegnas      mîne hâte
+     "wið feónda gehwone      flotan eówerne,
+295  "niw-tyrwedne      nacan on sande
+     "ârum healdan,      ôð þät eft byreð
+     "ofer lagu-streámas      leófne mannan
+     "wudu wunden-hals      tô Weder-mearce.
+     "Gûð-fremmendra      swylcum gifeðe bið,
+300  "þät þone hilde-ræs      hâl gedîgeð."
+     Gewiton him þâ fêran      (flota stille bâd,
+     seomode on sâle      sîd-fäðmed scyp,
+     on ancre fäst);      eofor-lîc scionon
+     ofer hleór-beran      gehroden golde
+305  fâh and fýr-heard,      ferh wearde heóld.
+     Gûðmôde grummon,      guman onetton,
+     sigon ätsomne,      ôð þät hy säl timbred
+     geatolîc and gold-fâh      ongytan mihton;
+     þät wäs fore-mærost      fold-bûendum
+310  receda under roderum,      on þäm se rîca bâd;
+     lixte se leóma      ofer landa fela.
+     Him þâ hilde-deór      hof môdigra
+     torht getæhte,      þät hie him tô mihton
+     gegnum gangan;      gûð-beorna sum
+315  wicg gewende,      word äfter cwäð:
+     "Mæl is me tô fêran;      fäder alwalda
+     "mid âr-stafum      eówic gehealde
+     "sîða gesunde!      ic tô sæ wille,
+     "wið wrâð werod      wearde healdan."
+
+
+VI. BEÓWULF'S SPEECH.
+
+320  Stræt wäs stân-fâh,      stîg wîsode
+     gumum ätgädere.      Gûð-byrne scân
+     heard hond-locen,      hring-îren scîr
+     song in searwum,      þâ hie tô sele furðum
+     in hyra gryre-geatwum      gangan cwômon.
+325  Setton sæ-mêðe      sîde scyldas,
+     rondas regn-hearde      wið þäs recedes weal,
+     bugon þâ tô bence;      byrnan hringdon,
+     gûð-searo gumena;      gâras stôdon,
+     sæ-manna searo,      samod ätgädere,
+330  äsc-holt ufan græg:      wäs se îren-þreát
+     wæpnum gewurðad.      Þâ þær wlonc häleð
+     oret-mecgas      äfter äðelum frägn:
+     "Hwanon ferigeað ge      fätte scyldas,
+     "græge syrcan      and grîm-helmas,
+335  "here-sceafta heáp?--      Ic eom Hrôðgâres
+     "âr and ombiht.      Ne seah ic el-þeódige
+     "þus manige men      môdiglîcran.
+     "Wên' ic þät ge for wlenco,      nalles for wräc-sîðum,
+     "ac for hige-þrymmum      Hrôðgâr sôhton."
+340  Him þâ ellen-rôf      andswarode,
+     wlanc Wedera leód      word äfter spräc,
+     heard under helme:      "We synt Higelâces
+     "beód-geneátas;      Beówulf is mîn nama.
+     "Wille ic âsecgan      suna Healfdenes,
+345  "mærum þeódne      mîn ærende,
+     "aldre þînum,      gif he ûs geunnan wile,
+     "þät we hine swâ gôdne      grêtan môton."
+     Wulfgâr maðelode      (þät wäs Wendla leód,
+     wäs his môd-sefa      manegum gecýðed,
+350  wîg and wîs-dôm):      "ic þäs wine Deniga,
+     "freán Scildinga      frinan wille,
+     "beága bryttan,      swâ þu bêna eart,
+     "þeóden mærne      ymb þînne sîð ;
+     "and þe þâ andsware      ädre gecýðan,
+355  "þe me se gôda      âgifan þenceð."
+     Hwearf þâ hrädlîce,      þær Hrôðgâr sät,
+     eald and unhâr      mid his eorla gedriht;
+     eode ellen-rôf,      þät he for eaxlum gestôd
+     Deniga freán,      cûðe he duguðe þeáw.
+360  Wulfgâr maðelode      tô his wine-drihtne:
+     "Her syndon geferede      feorran cumene
+     "ofer geofenes begang      Geáta leóde:
+     "þone yldestan      oret-mecgas
+     "Beówulf nemnað.      Hy bênan synt,
+365  "þät hie, þeóden mîn,      wið þe môton
+     "wordum wrixlan;      nô þu him wearne geteóh,
+     "þînra gegn-cwida      glädnian, Hrôðgâr!
+     "Hy on wîg-geatwum      wyrðe þinceað
+     "eorla geæhtlan;      hûru se aldor deáh,
+370  "se þæm heaðo-rincum      hider wîsade."
+
+
+VII. HROTHGAR'S WELCOME.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "Ic hine cûðe      cniht-wesende.
+     "Wäs his eald-fäder      Ecgþeó hâten,
+     "þäm tô hâm forgeaf      Hrêðel Geáta
+375  "ângan dôhtor;      is his eafora nu
+     "heard her cumen,      sôhte holdne wine.
+     "þonne sägdon þät      sæ-lîðende,
+     "þâ þe gif-sceattas      Geáta fyredon
+     "þyder tô þance,      þät he þrittiges
+380  "manna mägen-cräft      on his mund-grîpe
+     "heaðo-rôf häbbe.      Hine hâlig god
+     "for âr-stafum      us onsende,
+     "tô West-Denum,      þäs ic wên häbbe,
+     "wið Grendles gryre:      ic þäm gôdan sceal
+385  "for his môd-þräce      mâdmas beódan.
+     "Beó þu on ôfeste,      hât hig in gân,
+     "seón sibbe-gedriht      samod ätgädere;
+     "gesaga him eác wordum,      þät hie sint wil-cuman
+     "Deniga leódum."      Þâ wið duru healle
+390  Wulfgâr eode,      word inne âbeád:
+     "Eów hêt secgan      sige-drihten mîn,
+     "aldor Eást-Dena,      þät he eówer äðelu can
+     "and ge him syndon      ofer sæ-wylmas,
+     "heard-hicgende,      hider wil-cuman.
+395  "Nu ge môton gangan      in eówrum guð-geatawum,
+     "under here-grîman,      Hrôðgâr geseón;
+     "lætað hilde-bord      her onbidian,
+     "wudu wäl-sceaftas,      worda geþinges."
+     Ârâs þâ se rîca,      ymb hine rinc manig,
+400  þryðlîc þegna heáp;      sume þær bidon,
+     heaðo-reáf heóldon,      swâ him se hearda bebeád.
+     Snyredon ätsomne,      þâ secg wîsode
+     under Heorotes hrôf;      hyge-rôf eode,
+     heard under helme,      þät he on heoðe gestôd.
+405  Beówulf maðelode      (on him byrne scân,
+     searo-net seówed      smiðes or-þancum):
+     "Wes þu Hrôðgâr hâl!      ic eom Higelâces
+     "mæg and mago-þegn;      häbbe ic mærða fela
+     "ongunnen on geogoðe.      Me wearð Grendles þing
+410  "on mînre êðel-tyrf      undyrne cûð:
+     "secgað sæ-lîðend,      þät þes sele stande,
+     "reced sêlesta,      rinca gehwylcum
+     "îdel and unnyt,      siððan æfen-leóht
+     "under heofenes hâdor      beholen weorðeð.
+415  "Þâ me þät gelærdon      leóde mîne,
+     "þâ sêlestan,      snotere ceorlas,
+     "þeóden Hrôðgâr,      þät ic þe sôhte;
+     "forþan hie mägenes cräft      mînne cûðon:
+     "selfe ofersâwon,      þâ ic of searwum cwom,
+420  "fâh from feóndum,      þær ic fîfe geband,
+     "ýðde eotena cyn,      and on ýðum slôg
+     "niceras nihtes,      nearo-þearfe dreáh,
+     "wräc Wedera nîð      (weán âhsodon)
+     "forgrand gramum;      and nu wið Grendel sceal,
+425  "wið þam aglæcan,      âna gehegan
+     "þing wið þyrse.      Ic þe nu þâ,
+     "brego Beorht-Dena,      biddan wille,
+     "eodor Scyldinga,      ânre bêne;
+     "þät þu me ne forwyrne,      wîgendra hleó,
+430  "freó-wine folca,      nu ic þus feorran com,
+     "þät ic môte âna      and mînra eorla gedryht,
+     "þes hearda heáp,      Heorot fælsian.
+     "Häbbe ic eác geâhsod,      þät se äglæca
+     "for his won-hýdum      wæpna ne rêceð;
+435  "ic þät þonne forhicge,      swâ me Higelâc sîe,
+     "mîn mon-drihten,      môdes blîðe,
+     "þät ic sweord bere      oððe sîdne scyld
+     "geolo-rand tô gûðe;      ac ic mid grâpe sceal
+     "fôn wið feónde      and ymb feorh sacan,
+440  "lâð wið lâðum;      þær gelýfan sceal
+     "dryhtnes dôme      se þe hine deáð nimeð.
+     "Wên' ic þät he wille,      gif he wealdan môt,
+     "in þäm gûð-sele      Geátena leóde
+     "etan unforhte,      swâ he oft dyde
+445  "mägen Hrêðmanna.      Nâ þu mînne þearft
+     "hafalan hýdan,      ac he me habban wile
+     "dreóre fâhne,      gif mec deáð nimeð;
+     "byreð blôdig wäl,      byrgean þenceð,
+     "eteð ân-genga      unmurnlîce,
+450  "mearcað môr-hopu:      nô þu ymb mînes ne þearft
+     "lîces feorme      leng sorgian.
+     "Onsend Higelâce,      gif mec hild nime,
+     "beadu-scrûda betst,      þät mîne breóst wereð,
+     "hrägla sêlest;      þät is Hrêðlan lâf,
+455  "Wêlandes geweorc.      Gæð â Wyrd swâ hió scel!"
+
+
+VIII. HROTHGAR TELLS OF GRENDEL.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "for were-fyhtum þu,      wine mîn Beówulf,
+     "and for âr-stafum      ûsic sôhtest.
+     "Geslôh þin fäder      fæhðe mæste,
+460  "wearð he Heaðolâfe      tô hand-bonan
+     "mid Wilfingum;      þâ hine Wedera cyn
+     "for here-brôgan      habban ne mihte.
+     "Þanon he gesôhte      Sûð-Dena folc
+     "ofer ýða gewealc,      Âr-Scyldinga;
+465  "þâ ic furðum weóld      folce Deninga,
+     "and on geogoðe heóld      gimme-rîce
+     "hord-burh häleða:      þâ wäs Heregâr deád,
+     "mîn yldra mæg      unlifigende,
+     "bearn Healfdenes.      Se wäs betera þonne ic!
+470  "Siððan þâ fæhðe      feó þingode;
+     "sende ic Wylfingum      ofer wäteres hrycg
+     "ealde mâdmas:      he me âðas swôr.
+     "Sorh is me tô secganne      on sefan mînum
+     "gumena ængum,      hwät me Grendel hafað
+475  "hýnðo on Heorote      mid his hete-þancum,
+     "fær-nîða gefremed.      Is mîn flet-werod,
+     "wîg-heáp gewanod;      hie Wyrd forsweóp
+     "on Grendles gryre.      God eáðe mäg
+     "þone dol-scaðan      dæda getwæfan!
+480  "Ful oft gebeótedon      beóre druncne
+     "ofer ealo-wæge      oret-mecgas,
+     "þät hie in beór-sele      bîdan woldon
+     "Grendles gûðe      mid gryrum ecga.
+     "Þonne wäs þeós medo-heal      on morgen-tîd,
+485  "driht-sele dreór-fâh,      þonne däg lixte,
+     "eal benc-þelu      blôde bestýmed,
+     "heall heoru-dreóre:      âhte ic holdra þý läs,
+     "deórre duguðe,      þe þâ deáð fornam.
+     "Site nu tô symle      and onsæl meoto,
+490  "sige-hrêð secgum,      swâ þîn sefa hwette!"
+     Þâ wäs Geát-mäcgum      geador ätsomne
+     on beór-sele      benc gerýmed;
+     þær swîð-ferhðe      sittan eodon
+     þryðum dealle.      Þegn nytte beheóld,
+495  se þe on handa bär      hroden ealo-wæge,
+     scencte scîr wered.      Scôp hwîlum sang
+     hâdor on Heorote;      þær wäs häleða dreám,
+     duguð unlytel      Dena and Wedera.
+
+
+IX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BEÓWULF.
+
+     Ûnferð maðelode,      Ecglâfes bearn,
+500  þe ät fôtum sät      freán Scyldinga;
+     onband beadu-rûne      (wäs him Beówulfes sîð,
+     môdges mere-faran,      micel äf-þunca,
+     forþon þe he ne ûðe,      þät ænig ôðer man
+     æfre mærða þon mâ      middan-geardes
+505  gehêdde under heofenum      þonne he sylfa):
+     "Eart þu se Beówulf,      se þe wið Brecan wunne,
+     "on sîdne sæ      ymb sund flite,
+     "þær git for wlence      wada cunnedon
+     "and for dol-gilpe      on deóp wäter
+510  "aldrum nêðdon?      Ne inc ænig mon,
+     "ne leóf ne lâð,      beleán mihte
+     "sorh-fullne sîð;      þâ git on sund reón,
+     "þær git eágor-streám      earmum þehton,
+     "mæton mere-stræta,      mundum brugdon,
+515  "glidon ofer gâr-secg;      geofon ýðum weól,
+     "wintres wylme.      Git on wäteres æht
+     "seofon niht swuncon;      he þe ät sunde oferflât,
+     "häfde mâre mägen.      Þâ hine on morgen-tîd
+     "on Heaðo-ræmas      holm up ätbär,
+520  "þonon he gesôhte      swæsne êðel
+     "leóf his leódum      lond Brondinga,
+     "freoðo-burh fägere,      þær he folc âhte,
+     "burg and beágas.      Beót eal wið þe
+     "sunu Beánstânes      sôðe gelæste.
+525  "Þonne wêne ic tô þe      wyrsan geþinges,
+     "þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa      gehwær dohte,
+     "grimre gûðe,      gif þu Grendles dearst
+     "niht-longne fyrst      neán bîdan!"
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+530  "Hwät þu worn fela,      wine mîn Ûnferð,
+     "beóre druncen      ymb Brecan spræce,
+     "sägdest from his sîðe!      Sôð ic talige,
+     "þät ic mere-strengo      mâran âhte,
+     "earfeðo on ýðum,      þonne ænig ôðer man.
+535  "Wit þät gecwædon      cniht-wesende
+     "and gebeótedon      (wæron begen þâ git
+     "on geogoð-feore)      þät wit on gâr-secg ût
+     "aldrum nêðdon;      and þät geäfndon swâ.
+     "Häfdon swurd nacod,      þâ wit on sund reón,
+540  "heard on handa,      wit unc wið hron-fixas
+     "werian þôhton.      Nô he wiht fram me
+     "flôd-ýðum feor      fleótan meahte,
+     "hraðor on holme,      nô ic fram him wolde.
+     "Þâ wit ätsomne      on sæ wæron
+545  "fîf nihta fyrst,      ôð þät unc flôd tôdrâf,
+     "wado weallende,      wedera cealdost,
+     "nîpende niht      and norðan wind
+     "heaðo-grim andhwearf;      hreó wæron ýða,
+     "Wäs mere-fixa      môd onhrêred:
+550  "þær me wið lâðum      lîc-syrce mîn,
+     "heard hond-locen,      helpe gefremede;
+     "beado-hrägl broden      on breóstum läg,
+     "golde gegyrwed.      Me tô grunde teáh
+     "fâh feónd-scaða,      fäste häfde
+555  "grim on grâpe:      hwäðre me gyfeðe wearð,
+     "þät ic aglæcan      orde geræhte,
+     "hilde-bille;      heaðo-ræs fornam
+     "mihtig mere-deór      þurh mîne hand.
+
+
+X. BEÓWULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.--THE FEAST.
+
+     "Swâ mec gelôme      lâð-geteónan
+560  "þreátedon þearle.      Ic him þênode
+     "deóran sweorde,      swâ hit gedêfe wäs;
+     "näs hie þære fylle      gefeán häfdon,
+     "mân-fordædlan,      þät hie me þêgon,
+     "symbel ymb-sæton      sæ-grunde neáh,
+565  "ac on mergenne      mêcum wunde
+     "be ýð-lâfe      uppe lægon,
+     "sweordum âswefede,      þät syððan nâ
+     "ymb brontne ford      brim-lîðende
+     "lâde ne letton.      Leóht eástan com,
+570  "beorht beácen godes;      brimu swaðredon,
+     "þät ic sæ-nässas      geseón mihte,
+     "windige weallas.      Wyrd oft nereð
+     "unfægne eorl,      ðonne his ellen deáh!
+     "Hwäðere me gesælde,      þät ic mid sweorde ofslôh
+575  "niceras nigene.      Nô ic on niht gefrägn
+     "under heofones hwealf      heardran feohtan,
+     "ne on êg-streámum      earmran mannan;
+     "hwäðere ic fâra feng      feore gedîgde,
+     "siðes wêrig.      Þâ mec sæ ôðbär,
+580  "flôd äfter faroðe,      on Finna land,
+     "wadu weallendu.      Nô ic wiht fram þe
+     "swylcra searo-nîða      secgan hýrde,
+     "billa brôgan:      Breca næfre git
+     "ät heaðo-lâce,      ne gehwäðer incer
+585  "swâ deórlîce      dæd gefremede
+     "fâgum sweordum      . . . . . . .
+     ". . . . . . .      nô ic þäs gylpe;
+     "þeáh þu þînum brôðrum      tô banan wurde,
+     "heáfod-mægum;      þäs þu in helle scealt
+590  "werhðo dreógan,      þeáh þîn wit duge,
+     "Secge ic þe tô sôðe,      sunu Ecglâfes,
+     "þät næfre Grendel swâ fela      gryra gefremede,
+     "atol äglæca      ealdre þînum,
+     "hýnðo on Heorote,      gif þîn hige wære,
+595  "sefa swâ searo-grim,      swâ þu self talast.
+     "Ac he hafað onfunden,      þät he þâ fæhðe ne þearf,
+     "atole ecg-þräce      eówer leóde
+     "swîðe onsittan,      Sige-Scyldinga;
+     "nymeð nýd-bâde,      nænegum ârað
+600  "leóde Deniga,      ac he on lust wîgeð,
+     "swefeð ond sendeð,      secce ne wêneð
+     "tô Gâr-Denum.      Ac him Geáta sceal
+     "eafoð and ellen      ungeâra nu
+     "gûðe gebeódan.      Gæð eft se þe môt
+605  "tô medo môdig,      siððan morgen-leóht
+     "ofer ylda bearn      ôðres dôgores,
+     "sunne swegl-wered      sûðan scîneð!"
+     Þâ wäs on sâlum      sinces brytta
+     gamol-feax and gûð-rôf,      geóce gelýfde
+610  brego Beorht-Dena;      gehýrde on Beówulfe
+     folces hyrde      fäst-rædne geþôht.
+     Þær wäs häleða hleahtor;      hlyn swynsode,
+     word wæron wynsume.      Eode Wealhþeów forð,
+     cwên Hrôðgâres,      cynna gemyndig,
+615  grêtte gold-hroden      guman on healle,
+     and þâ freólîc wîf      ful gesealde
+     ærest Eást-Dena      êðel-wearde,
+     bäd hine blîðne      ät þære beór-þege,
+     leódum leófne;      he on lust geþeah
+620  symbel and sele-ful,      sige-rôf kyning.
+     Ymb-eode þâ      ides Helminga
+     duguðe and geogoðe      dæl æghwylcne;
+     sinc-fato sealde,      ôð þät sæl âlamp,
+     þät hió Beówulfe,      beág-hroden cwên,
+625  môde geþungen,      medo-ful ätbär;
+     grêtte Geáta leód,      gode þancode
+     wîs-fäst wordum,      þäs þe hire se willa gelamp,
+     þät heó on ænigne      eorl gelýfde
+     fyrena frôfre.      He þät ful geþeah,
+630  wäl-reów wîga      ät Wealhþeón,
+     and þâ gyddode      gûðe gefýsed,
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Ic þät hogode,      þâ ic on holm gestâh,
+     "sæ-bât gesät      mid mînra secga gedriht,
+635  "þät ic ânunga      eówra leóda
+     "willan geworhte,      oððe on wäl crunge,
+     "feónd-grâpum fäst.      Ic gefremman sceal
+     "eorlîc ellen,      oððe ende-däg
+     "on þisse meodu-healle      mînne gebîdan."
+640  Þam wîfe þâ word      wel lîcodon,
+     gilp-cwide Geátes;      eode gold-hroden
+     freólîcu folc-cwên      tô hire freán sittan.
+     Þâ wäs eft swâ ær      inne on healle
+     þryð-word sprecen,      þeód on sælum,
+645  sige-folca swêg,      ôð þät semninga
+     sunu Healfdenes      sêcean wolde
+     æfen-räste;      wiste ät þäm ahlæcan
+     tô þäm heáh-sele      hilde geþinged,
+     siððan hie sunnan leóht      geseón ne meahton,
+650  oððe nîpende      niht ofer ealle,
+     scadu-helma gesceapu      scrîðan cwôman,
+     wan under wolcnum.      Werod eall ârâs.
+     Grêtte þâ giddum      guma ôðerne,
+     Hrôðgâr Beówulf,      and him hæl âbeád,
+655  wîn-ärnes geweald      and þät word âcwäð:
+     "Næfre ic ænegum men      ær âlýfde,
+     "siððan ic hond and rond      hebban mihte,
+     "þryð-ärn Dena      bûton þe nu þâ.
+     "Hafa nu and geheald      hûsa sêlest;
+660  "gemyne mærðo,      mägen-ellen cýð,
+     "waca wið wrâðum!      Ne bið þe wilna gâd,
+     "gif þu þät ellen-weorc      aldre gedîgest."
+
+
+XI. THE WATCH FOR GRENDEL.
+
+     Þâ him Hrôðgâr gewât      mid his häleða gedryht,
+     eodur Scyldinga      ût of healle;
+665  wolde wîg-fruma      Wealhþeó sêcan,
+     cwên tô gebeddan      Häfde kyninga wuldor
+     Grendle tô-geánes,      swâ guman gefrungon,
+     sele-weard âseted,      sundor-nytte beheóld
+     ymb aldor Dena,      eoton weard âbeád;
+670  hûru Geáta leód      georne trûwode
+     môdgan mägnes,      metodes hyldo.
+     Þâ he him of dyde      îsern-byrnan,
+     helm of hafelan,      sealde his hyrsted sweord,
+     îrena cyst      ombiht-þegne,
+675  and gehealdan hêt      hilde-geatwe.
+     Gespräc þâ se gôda      gylp-worda sum
+     Beówulf Geáta,      ær he on bed stige:
+     "Nô ic me an here-wæsmum      hnâgran talige
+     "gûð-geweorca,      þonne Grendel hine;
+680  "forþan ic hine sweorde      swebban nelle,
+     "aldre beneótan,      þeáh ic eal mæge.
+     "Nât he þâra gôda,      þät he me on-geán sleá,
+     "rand geheáwe,      þeáh þe he rôf sîe
+     "nîð-geweorca;      ac wit on niht sculon
+685  "secge ofersittan,      gif he gesêcean dear
+     "wîg ofer wæpen,      and siððan witig god
+     "on swâ hwäðere hond      hâlig dryhten
+     "mærðo dême,      swâ him gemet þince."
+     Hylde hine þâ heaðo-deór,      hleór-bolster onfêng
+690  eorles andwlitan;      and hine ymb monig
+     snellîc sæ-rinc      sele-reste gebeáh.
+     Nænig heora þôhte      þät he þanon scolde
+     eft eard-lufan      æfre gesêcean,
+     folc oððe freó-burh,      þær he âfêded wäs,
+695  ac hie häfdon gefrunen,      þät hie ær tô fela micles
+     in þäm wîn-sele      wäl-deáð fornam,
+     Denigea leóde.      Ac him dryhten forgeaf
+     wîg-spêda gewiofu,      Wedera leódum
+     frôfor and fultum,      þät hie feónd heora
+700  þurh ânes cräft      ealle ofercômon,
+     selfes mihtum:      sôð is gecýðed,
+     þät mihtig god      manna cynnes
+     weóld wîde-ferhð.      Com on wanre niht
+     scrîðan sceadu-genga.      Sceótend swæfon,
+705  þâ þät horn-reced      healdan scoldon,
+     ealle bûton ânum.      Þät wäs yldum cûð,
+     þät hie ne môste,      þâ metod nolde,
+     se syn-scaða      under sceadu bregdan;
+     ac he wäccende      wrâðum on andan
+710  bâd bolgen-môd      beadwa geþinges.
+
+
+XII. GRENDEL'S RAID.
+
+     Þâ com of môre      under mist-hleoðum
+     Grendel gongan,      godes yrre bär.
+     Mynte se mân-scaða      manna cynnes
+     sumne besyrwan      in sele þam heán;
+715  wôd under wolcnum,      tô þäs þe he wîn-reced,
+     gold-sele gumena,      gearwost wisse
+     fättum fâhne.      Ne wäs þät forma sîð,
+     þät he Hrôðgâres      hâm gesôhte:
+     næfre he on aldor-dagum      ær ne siððan
+720  heardran häle,      heal-þegnas fand!
+     Com þâ tô recede      rinc sîðian
+     dreámum bedæled.      Duru sôna onarn
+     fýr-bendum fäst,      syððan he hire folmum hrân;
+     onbräd þâ bealo-hydig,      þâ he âbolgen wäs,
+725  recedes mûðan.      Raðe äfter þon
+     on fâgne flôr      feónd treddode,
+     eode yrre-môd;      him of eágum stôd
+     lîge gelîcost      leóht unfäger.
+     Geseah he in recede      rinca manige,
+730  swefan sibbe-gedriht      samod ätgädere,
+     mago-rinca heáp:      þâ his môd âhlôg,
+     mynte þät he gedælde,      ær þon däg cwôme,
+     atol aglæca,      ânra gehwylces
+     lîf wið lîce,      þâ him âlumpen wäs
+735  wist-fylle wên.      Ne wäs þät wyrd þâ gen,
+     þät he mâ môste      manna cynnes
+     þicgean ofer þâ niht.      Þrýð-swýð beheóld
+     mæg Higelâces,      hû se mân-scaða
+     under fær-gripum      gefaran wolde.
+740  Ne þät se aglæca      yldan þôhte,
+     ac he gefêng hraðe      forman siðe
+     slæpendne rinc,      slât unwearnum,
+     bât bân-locan,      blôd êdrum dranc,
+     syn-snædum swealh:      sôna häfde
+745  unlyfigendes      eal gefeormod
+     fêt and folma.      Forð neár ätstôp,
+     nam þâ mid handa      hige-þihtigne
+     rinc on räste;      ræhte ongeán
+     feónd mid folme,      he onfêng hraðe
+750  inwit-þancum      and wið earm gesät.
+     Sôna þät onfunde      fyrena hyrde,
+     þät he ne mêtte      middan-geardes
+     eorðan sceáta      on elran men
+     mund-gripe mâran:      he on môde wearð
+755  forht on ferhðe,      nô þý ær fram meahte;
+     hyge wäs him hin-fûs,      wolde on heolster fleón,
+     sêcan deófla gedräg:      ne wäs his drohtoð þær,
+     swylce he on ealder-dagum      ær gemêtte.
+     Gemunde þâ se gôda      mæg Higelâces
+760  æfen-spræce,      up-lang âstôd
+     and him fäste wiðfêng.      Fingras burston;
+     eoten wäs ût-weard,      eorl furður stôp.
+     Mynte se mæra,      þær he meahte swâ,
+     wîdre gewindan      and on weg þanon
+765  fleón on fen-hopu;      wiste his fingra geweald
+     on grames grâpum.      Þät wäs geócor sîð,
+     þät se hearm-scaða      tô Heorute âteáh:
+     dryht-sele dynede,      Denum eallum wearð,
+     ceaster-bûendum,      cênra gehwylcum,
+770  eorlum ealu-scerwen.      Yrre wæron begen,
+     rêðe rên-weardas.      Reced hlynsode;
+     þâ wäs wundor micel,      þät se wîn-sele
+     wiðhäfde heaðo-deórum,      þät he on hrusan ne feól,
+     fäger fold-bold;      ac he þäs fäste wäs
+775  innan and ûtan      îren-bendum
+     searo-þoncum besmiðod.      Þær fram sylle âbeág
+     medu-benc monig      mîne gefræge,
+     golde geregnad,      þær þâ graman wunnon;
+     þäs ne wêndon ær      witan Scyldinga,
+780  þät hit â mid gemete      manna ænig
+     betlîc and bân-fâg      tôbrecan meahte,
+     listum tôlûcan,      nymðe lîges fäðm
+     swulge on swaðule.      Swêg up âstâg
+     niwe geneahhe;      Norð-Denum stôd
+785  atelîc egesa      ânra gehwylcum
+     þâra þe of wealle      wôp gehýrdon,
+     gryre-leóð galan      godes andsacan,
+     sige-leásne sang,      sâr wânigean
+     helle häftan.      Heóld hine tô fäste
+790  se þe manna wäs      mägene strengest
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes.
+
+
+XIII. BEÓWULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.
+
+     Nolde eorla hleó      ænige þinga
+     þone cwealm-cuman      cwicne forlætan,
+     ne his lîf-dagas      leóda ænigum
+795  nytte tealde.      Þær genehost brägd
+     eorl Beówulfes      ealde lâfe,
+     wolde freá-drihtnes      feorh ealgian
+     mæres þeódnes,      þær hie meahton swâ;
+     hie þät ne wiston,      þâ hie gewin drugon,
+800  heard-hicgende      hilde-mecgas,
+     and on healfa gehwone      heáwan þôhton,
+     sâwle sêcan,      þät þone syn-scaðan
+     ænig ofer eorðan      îrenna cyst,
+     gûð-billa nân      grêtan nolde;
+805  ac he sige-wæpnum      forsworen häfde,
+     ecga gehwylcre.      Scolde his aldor-gedâl
+     on þäm däge      þysses lîfes
+     earmlîc wurðan      and se ellor-gâst
+     on feónda geweald      feor sîðian.
+810  Þâ þät onfunde      se þe fela æror
+     môdes myrðe      manna cynne
+     fyrene gefremede      (he wäs fâg wið god)
+     þät him se lîc-homa      læstan nolde,
+     ac hine se môdega      mæg Hygelâces
+815  häfde be honda;      wäs gehwäðer ôðrum
+     lifigende lâð.      Lîc-sâr gebâd
+     atol äglæca,      him on eaxle wearð
+     syn-dolh sweotol,      seonowe onsprungon
+     burston bân-locan.      Beówulfe wearð
+820  gûð-hrêð gyfeðe;      scolde Grendel þonan
+     feorh-seóc fleón      under fen-hleoðu,
+     sêcean wyn-leás wîc;      wiste þê geornor,
+     þät his aldres wäs      ende gegongen,
+     dôgera däg-rîm.      Denum eallum wearð
+825  äfter þam wäl-ræse      willa gelumpen.
+     Häfde þâ gefælsod,      se þe ær feorran com,
+     snotor and swýð-ferhð      sele Hrôðgâres,
+     genered wið nîðe.      Niht-weorce gefeh,
+     ellen-mærðum;      häfde Eást-Denum
+830  Geát-mecga leód      gilp gelæsted,
+     swylce oncýððe      ealle gebêtte,
+     inwid-sorge,      þe hie ær drugon
+     and for þreá-nýdum      þolian scoldon,
+     torn unlytel.      Þät wäs tâcen sweotol,
+835  syððan hilde-deór      hond âlegde,
+     earm and eaxle      (þær wäs eal geador
+     Grendles grâpe)      under geápne hrôf.
+
+
+XIV. THE JOY AT HEOROT.
+
+     Þâ wäs on morgen      mîne gefræge
+     ymb þâ gif-healle      gûð-rinc monig:
+840  fêrdon folc-togan      feorran and neán
+     geond wîd-wegas      wundor sceáwian,
+     lâðes lâstas.      Nô his lîf-gedâl
+     sârlîc þûhte      secga ænegum,
+     þâra þe tîr-leáses      trode sceáwode,
+845  hû he wêrig-môd      on weg þanon,
+     nîða ofercumen,      on nicera mere
+     fæge and geflýmed      feorh-lâstas bär.
+     Þær wäs on blôde      brim weallende,
+     atol ýða geswing      eal gemenged
+850  hâtan heolfre,      heoro-dreóre weól;
+     deáð-fæge deóg,      siððan dreáma leás
+     in fen-freoðo      feorh âlegde
+     hæðene sâwle,      þær him hel onfêng.
+     Þanon eft gewiton      eald-gesîðas,
+855  swylce geong manig      of gomen-wâðe,
+     fram mere môdge,      mearum rîdan,
+     beornas on blancum.      Þær wäs Beówulfes
+     mærðo mæned;      monig oft gecwäð,
+     þätte sûð ne norð      be sæm tweonum
+860  ofer eormen-grund      ôðer nænig
+     under swegles begong      sêlra nære
+     rond-häbbendra,      rîces wyrðra.
+     Ne hie hûru wine-drihten      wiht ne lôgon,
+     glädne Hrôðgâr,      ac þät wäs gôd cyning.
+865  Hwîlum heaðo-rôfe      hleápan lêton,
+     on geflît faran      fealwe mearas,
+     þær him fold-wegas      fägere þûhton,
+     cystum cûðe;      hwîlum cyninges þegn,
+     guma gilp-hläden      gidda gemyndig,
+870  se þe eal-fela      eald-gesegena
+     worn gemunde,      word ôðer fand
+     sôðe gebunden:      secg eft ongan
+     sîð Beówulfes      snyttrum styrian
+     and on spêd wrecan      spel gerâde,
+875  wordum wrixlan,      wel-hwylc gecwäð,
+     þät he fram Sigemunde      secgan hýrde,
+     ellen-dædum,      uncûðes fela,
+     Wälsinges gewin,      wîde sîðas,
+     þâra þe gumena bearn      gearwe ne wiston,
+880  fæhðe and fyrene,      bûton Fitela mid hine,
+     þonne he swylces hwät      secgan wolde
+     eám his nefan,      swâ hie â wæron
+     ät nîða gehwâm      nýd-gesteallan:
+     häfdon eal-fela      eotena cynnes
+885  sweordum gesæged.      Sigemunde gesprong
+     äfter deáð-däge      dôm unlýtel,
+     syððan wîges heard      wyrm âcwealde,
+     hordes hyrde;      he under hârne stân,
+     äðelinges bearn,      âna genêðde
+890  frêcne dæde;      ne wäs him Fitela mid.
+     Hwäðre him gesælde,      þät þät swurd þurhwôd
+     wrätlîcne wyrm,      þät hit on wealle ätstôd,
+     dryhtlîc îren;      draca morðre swealt.
+     Häfde aglæca      elne gegongen,
+895  þät he beáh-hordes      brûcan môste
+     selfes dôme:      sæ-bât gehlôd,
+     bär on bearm scipes      beorhte frätwa,
+     Wälses eafera;      wyrm hât gemealt.
+     Se wäs wreccena      wîde mærost
+900  ofer wer-þeóde,      wîgendra hleó
+     ellen-dædum:      he þäs âron þâh.
+     Siððan Heremôdes      hild sweðrode
+     eafoð and ellen.      He mid eotenum wearð
+     on feónda geweald      forð forlâcen,
+905  snûde forsended.      Hine sorh-wylmas
+     lemede tô lange,      he his leódum wearð,
+     eallum äðelingum      tô aldor-ceare;
+     swylce oft bemearn      ærran mælum
+     swîð-ferhðes sîð      snotor ceorl monig,
+910  se þe him bealwa tô      bôte gelýfde,
+     þät þät þeódnes bearn      geþeón scolde,
+     fäder-äðelum onfôn,      folc gehealdan,
+     hord and hleó-burh,      häleða rîce,
+     êðel Scyldinga.      He þær eallum wearð,
+915  mæg Higelâces      manna cynne,
+     freóndum gefägra;      hine fyren onwôd.
+
+     Hwîlum flîtende      fealwe stræte
+     mearum mæton.      Þâ wäs morgen-leóht
+     scofen and scynded.      Eode scealc monig
+920  swîð-hicgende      tô sele þam heán,
+     searo-wundor seón,      swylce self cyning,
+     of brýd-bûre      beáh-horda weard,
+     tryddode tîr-fäst      getrume micle,
+     cystum gecýðed,      and his cwên mid him
+925  medo-stîg gemät      mägða hôse.
+
+
+XV. HROTHGAR'S GRATULATION.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode      (he tô healle geóng,
+     stôd on stapole,      geseah steápne hrôf
+     golde fâhne      and Grendles hond):
+     "þisse ansýne      al-wealdan þanc
+930  "lungre gelimpe!      Fela ic lâðes gebâd,
+     "grynna ät Grendle:      â mäg god wyrcan
+     "wunder äfter wundre,      wuldres hyrde!
+     "Þät wäs ungeâra,      þät ic ænigra me
+     "weána ne wênde      tô wîdan feore
+935  "bôte gebîdan      þonne blôde fâh
+     "hûsa sêlest      heoro-dreórig stôd;
+     "weá wîd-scofen      witena gehwylcne
+     "þâra þe ne wêndon,      þät hie wîde-ferhð
+     "leóda land-geweorc      lâðum beweredon
+940  "scuccum and scinnum.      Nu scealc hafað
+     "þurh drihtnes miht      dæd gefremede,
+     "þe we ealle      ær ne meahton
+     "snyttrum besyrwan.      Hwät! þät secgan mäg
+     "efne swâ hwylc mägða,      swâ þone magan cende
+945  "äfter gum-cynnum,      gyf heó gyt lyfað,
+     "þät hyre eald-metod      êste wære
+     "bearn-gebyrdo.      Nu ic Beówulf
+     "þec, secg betsta,      me for sunu wylle
+     "freógan on ferhðe;      heald forð tela
+950  "niwe sibbe.      Ne bið þe nænigra gâd
+     "worolde wilna,      þe ic geweald häbbe.
+     "Ful-oft ic for lässan      leán teohhode
+     "hord-weorðunge      hnâhran rince,
+     "sæmran ät säcce.      Þu þe self hafast
+955  "dædum gefremed,      þät þîn dôm lyfað
+     "âwâ tô aldre.      Alwalda þec
+     "gôde forgylde,      swâ he nu gyt dyde!"
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "We þät ellen-weorc      êstum miclum,
+960  "feohtan fremedon,      frêcne genêðdon
+     "eafoð uncûðes;      ûðe ic swîðor,
+     "þät þu hinc selfne      geseón môste,
+     "feónd on frätewum      fyl-wêrigne!
+     "Ic hine hrädlîce      heardan clammum
+965  "on wäl-bedde      wrîðan þôhte,
+     "þät he for mund-gripe      mînum scolde
+     "licgean lîf-bysig,      bûtan his lîc swice;
+     "ic hine ne mihte,      þâ metod nolde,
+     "ganges getwæman,      nô ic him þäs georne ätfealh,
+970  "feorh-genîðlan;      wäs tô fore-mihtig
+     "feónd on fêðe.      Hwäðere he his folme forlêt
+     "tô lîf-wraðe      lâst weardian,
+     "earm and eaxle;      nô þær ænige swâ þeáh
+     "feá-sceaft guma      frôfre gebohte:
+975  "nô þý leng leofað      lâð-geteóna
+     "synnum geswenced,      ac hyne sâr hafað
+     "in nýd-gripe      nearwe befongen,
+     "balwon bendum:      þær âbîdan sceal
+     "maga mâne fâh      miclan dômes,
+980  "hû him scîr metod      scrîfan wille."
+     Þâ wäs swîgra secg,      sunu Ecglâfes,
+     on gylp-spræce      gûð-geweorca,
+     siððan äðelingas      eorles cräfte
+     ofer heáhne hrôf      hand sceáwedon,
+985  feóndes fingras,      foran æghwylc;
+     wäs stêde nägla gehwylc,      stýle gelîcost,
+     hæðenes hand-sporu      hilde-rinces
+     egle unheóru;      æg-hwylc gecwäð,
+     þät him heardra nân      hrînan wolde
+990  îren ær-gôd,      þät þäs ahlæcan
+     blôdge beadu-folme      onberan wolde.
+
+
+XVI. THE BANQUET AND THE GIFTS.
+
+     Þâ wäs hâten hreðe      Heort innan-weard
+     folmum gefrätwod:      fela þæra wäs
+     wera and wîfa,      þe þät wîn-reced,
+995  gest-sele gyredon.      Gold-fâg scinon
+     web äfter wagum,      wundor-sióna fela
+     secga gehwylcum      þâra þe on swylc starað
+     Wäs þät beorhte bold      tôbrocen swîðe
+     eal inne-weard      îren-bendum fäst,
+1000 heorras tôhlidene;      hrôf âna genäs
+     ealles ansund,      þâ se aglæca
+     fyren-dædum fâg      on fleám gewand,
+     aldres or-wêna.      Nô þät ýðe byð
+     tô befleónne      (fremme se þe wille!)
+1005 ac gesacan sceal      sâwl-berendra
+     nýde genýdde      niðða bearna
+     grund-bûendra      gearwe stôwe,
+     þær his lîc-homa      leger-bedde fäst
+     swefeð äfter symle.      Þâ wäs sæl and mæl,
+1010 þät tô healle gang      Healfdenes sunu;
+     wolde self cyning      symbel þicgan.
+     Ne gefrägen ic þâ mægðe      mâran weorode
+     ymb hyra sinc-gyfan      sêl gebæran.
+     Bugon þâ tô bence      blæd-âgende,
+1015 fylle gefægon.      Fägere geþægon
+     medo-ful manig      mâgas + þâra
+     swîð-hicgende      on sele þam heán,
+     Hrôðgâr and Hrôðulf.      Heorot innan wäs
+     freóndum âfylled;      nalles fâcen-stafas
+1020 Þeód-Scyldingas      þenden fremedon.
+     Forgeaf þâ Beówulfe      bearn Healfdenes
+     segen gyldenne      sigores tô leáne,
+     hroden hilte-cumbor,      helm and byrnan;
+     mære mâððum-sweord      manige gesâwon
+1025 beforan beorn beran.      Beówulf geþah
+     ful on flette;      nô he þære feoh-gyfte
+     for sceótendum      scamigan þorfte,
+     ne gefrägn ic freóndlîcor      feówer mâdmas
+     golde gegyrede      gum-manna fela
+1030 in ealo-bence      ôðrum gesellan.
+     Ymb þäs helmes hrôf      heáfod-beorge
+     wîrum bewunden      walan ûtan heóld,
+     þät him fêla lâfe      frêcne ne meahton
+     scûr-heard sceððan,      þonne scyld-freca
+1035 ongeán gramum      gangan scolde.
+     Hêht þâ eorla hleó      eahta mearas,
+     fäted-hleóre,      on flet teón
+     in under eoderas;      þâra ânum stôd
+     sadol searwum fâh      since gewurðad,
+1040 þät wäs hilde-setl      heáh-cyninges,
+     þonne sweorda gelâc      sunu Healfdenes
+     efnan wolde;      næfre on ôre läg
+     wîd-cûðes wîg,      þonne walu feóllon.
+     And þâ Beówulfe      bega gehwäðres
+1045 eodor Ingwina      onweald geteáh,
+     wicga and wæpna;      hêt hine wel brûcan.
+     Swâ manlîce      mære þeóden,
+     hord-weard häleða      heaðo-ræsas geald
+     mearum and mâdmum,      swâ hý næfre man lyhð,
+1050 se þe secgan wile      sôð äfter rihte.
+
+
+XVII. SONG OF HROTHGAR'S POET--THE LAY OF HNAEF AND HENGEST.
+
+     Þâ gyt æghwylcum      eorla drihten
+     þâra þe mid Beówulfe      brim-lâde teáh,
+     on þære medu-bence      mâððum gesealde,
+     yrfe-lâfe,      and þone ænne hêht
+1055 golde forgyldan,      þone þe Grendel ær
+     mâne âcwealde,      swâ he hyra mâ wolde,
+     nefne him witig god      wyrd forstôde
+     and þäs mannes môd:      metod eallum weóld
+     gumena cynnes,      swâ he nu git dêð;
+1060 forþan bið andgit      æghwær sêlest,
+     ferhðes fore-þanc!      fela sceal gebîdan
+     leófes and lâðes,      se þe longe her
+     on þyssum win-dagum      worolde brûceð.
+     Þær wäs sang and swêg      samod ätgädere
+1065 fore Healfdenes      hilde-wîsan,
+     gomen-wudu grêted,      gid oft wrecen,
+     þonne heal-gamen      Hrôðgâres scôp
+     äfter medo-bence      mænan scolde
+     Finnes eaferum,      þâ hie se fær begeat:
+1070 "Häleð Healfdenes,      Hnäf Scyldinga,
+     "in Fr..es wäle      feallan scolde.
+     "Ne hûru Hildeburh      hêrian þorfte
+     "Eotena treówe:      unsynnum wearð
+     "beloren leófum      ät þam lind-plegan
+1075 "bearnum and brôðrum;      hie on gebyrd hruron
+     "gâre wunde;      þät wäs geômuru ides.
+     "Nalles hôlinga      Hôces dôhtor
+     "meotod-sceaft bemearn,      syððan morgen com,
+     "þâ heó under swegle      geseón meahte
+1080 "morðor-bealo mâga,      þær heó ær mæste heóld
+     "worolde wynne:      wîg ealle fornam
+     "Finnes þegnas,      nemne feáum ânum,
+     "þät he ne mehte      on þäm meðel-stede
+     "wîg Hengeste      wiht gefeohtan,
+1085 "ne þâ weá-lâfe      wîge forþringan
+     "þeódnes þegne;       ac hig him geþingo budon,
+     "þät hie him ôðer flet      eal gerýmdon,
+     "healle and heáh-setl,      þät hie healfre geweald
+     "wið Eotena bearn      âgan môston,
+1090 "and ät feoh-gyftum      Folcwaldan sunu
+     "dôgra gehwylce      Dene weorðode,
+     "Hengestes heáp      hringum wenede,
+     "efne swâ swîðe      sinc-gestreónum
+     "fättan goldes,      swâ he Fresena cyn
+1095 "on beór-sele      byldan wolde.
+     "Þâ hie getrûwedon      on twâ healfa
+     "fäste frioðu-wære;      Fin Hengeste
+     "elne unflitme      âðum benemde,
+     "þät he þâ weá-lâfe      weotena dôme
+1100 "ârum heolde,      þät þær ænig mon
+     "wordum ne worcum      wære ne bræce,
+     "ne þurh inwit-searo      æfre gemænden,
+     "þeáh hie hira beág-gyfan      banan folgedon
+     "þeóden-leáse,      þâ him swâ geþearfod wäs:
+1105 "gyf þonne Frysna hwylc      frêcnan spræce
+     "þäs morðor-hetes      myndgiend wære,
+     "þonne hit sweordes ecg      syððan scolde.
+     "Âð wäs geäfned      and icge gold
+     "âhäfen of horde.      Here-Scyldinga
+1110 "betst beado-rinca      wäs on bæl gearu;
+     "ät þäm âde wäs      êð-gesýne
+     "swât-fâh syrce,      swýn eal-gylden,
+     "eofer îren-heard,      äðeling manig
+     "wundum âwyrded;      sume on wäle crungon.
+1115 "Hêt þâ Hildeburh      ät Hnäfes âde
+     "hire selfre sunu      sweoloðe befästan,
+     "bân-fatu bärnan      and on bæl dôn.
+     "Earme on eaxle      ides gnornode,
+     "geômrode giddum;      gûð-rinc âstâh.
+1120 "Wand tô wolcnum      wäl-fýra mæst,
+     "hlynode for hlâwe;      hafelan multon,
+     "ben-geato burston,      þonne blôd ätspranc
+     "lâð-bite lîces.      Lîg ealle forswealg,
+     "gæsta gîfrost,      þâra þe þær gûð fornam
+1125 "bega folces;      wäs hira blæd scacen.
+
+
+XVIII. THE GLEEMAN'S TALE IS ENDED.
+
+     "Gewiton him þâ wîgend      wîca neósian,
+     "freóndum befeallen      Frysland geseón,
+     "hâmas and heá-burh.      Hengest þâ gyt
+     "wäl-fâgne winter      wunode mid Finne
+1130 "ealles unhlitme;      eard gemunde,
+     "þeáh þe he ne meahte      on mere drîfan
+     "hringed-stefnan;      holm storme weól,
+     "won wið winde;      winter ýðe beleác
+     "îs-gebinde      ôð þät ôðer com
+1135 "geâr in geardas,      swâ nu gyt dêð,
+     "þâ þe syngales      sêle bewitiað,
+     "wuldor-torhtan weder.      Þâ wäs winter scacen,
+     "fäger foldan bearm;      fundode wrecca,
+     "gist of geardum;      he tô gyrn-wräce
+1140 "swîðor þôhte,      þonne tô sæ-lâde,
+     "gif he torn-gemôt      þurhteón mihte,
+     "þät he Eotena bearn      inne gemunde.
+     "Swâ he ne forwyrnde      worold-rædenne,
+     "þonne him Hûnlâfing      hilde-leóman,
+1145 "billa sêlest,      on bearm dyde:
+     "þäs wæron mid Eotenum      ecge cûðe.
+     "Swylce ferhð-frecan      Fin eft begeat
+     "sweord-bealo slîðen      ät his selfes hâm,
+     "siððan grimne gripe      Gûðlaf ond Ôslâf
+1150 "äfter sæ-siðe      sorge mændon,
+     "ätwiton weána dæl;      ne meahte wäfre môd
+     "forhabban in hreðre.      Þâ wäs heal hroden
+     "feónda feorum,      swilce Fin slägen,
+     "cyning on corðre,      and seó cwên numen.
+1155 "Sceótend Scyldinga      tô scypum feredon
+     "eal in-gesteald      eorð-cyninges,
+     "swylce hie ät Finnes hâm      findan meahton
+     "sigla searo-gimma.      Hie on sæ-lâde
+     "drihtlîce wîf      tô Denum feredon,
+1160 "læddon tô leódum."      Leóð wäs âsungen,
+     gleó-mannes gyd.      Gamen eft âstâh,
+     beorhtode benc-swêg,      byrelas sealdon
+     wîn of wunder-fatum.      Þâ cwom Wealhþeó forð
+     gân under gyldnum beáge,      þær þâ gôdan twegen
+1165 sæton suhter-gefäderan;      þâ gyt wäs hiera sib ätgädere
+     æghwylc ôðrum trýwe.      Swylce þær Ûnferð þyle
+     ät fôtum sät freán Scyldinga:      gehwylc hiora his ferhðe treówde,
+     þät he häfde môd micel,      þeáh þe he his mâgum nære
+     ârfäst ät ecga gelâcum.      Spräc þâ ides Scyldinga:
+1170 "Onfôh þissum fulle,      freó-drihten mîn,
+     "sinces brytta;      þu on sælum wes,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      and tô Geátum sprec
+     "mildum wordum!      Swâ sceal man dôn.
+     "Beó wið Geátas gläd,      geofena gemyndig;
+1175 "neán and feorran      þu nu friðu hafast.
+     "Me man sägde,      þät þu þe for sunu wolde
+     "here-rinc habban.      Heorot is gefælsod,
+     "beáh-sele beorhta;      brûc þenden þu môte
+     "manigra mêda      and þînum mâgum læf
+1180 "folc and rîce,      þonne þu forð scyle
+     "metod-sceaft seón.      Ic mînne can
+     "glädne Hrôðulf,      þät he þâ geogoðe wile
+     "ârum healdan,      gyf þu ær þonne he,
+     "wine Scildinga,      worold oflætest;
+1185 "wêne ic, þät he mid gôde      gyldan wille
+     "uncran eaferan,      gif he þät eal gemon,
+     "hwät wit tô willan      and tô worð-myndum
+     "umbor wesendum ær      ârna gefremedon."
+     Hwearf þâ bî bence,      þær hyre byre wæron,
+1190 Hrêðrîc and Hrôðmund,      and häleða bearn,
+     giogoð ätgädere;      þær se gôda sät
+     Beówulf Geáta      be þæm gebrôðrum twæm.
+
+
+XIX. BEÓWULF'S JEWELLED COLLAR. THE HEROES REST.
+
+     Him wäs ful boren      and freónd-laðu
+     wordum bewägned      and wunden gold
+1195 êstum geeáwed,      earm-hreáde twâ,
+     hrägl and hringas,      heals-beága mæst
+     þâra þe ic on foldan      gefrägen häbbe.
+     Nænigne ic under swegle      sêlran hýrde
+     hord-mâððum häleða,      syððan Hâma ätwäg
+1200 tô þære byrhtan byrig      Brosinga mene,
+     sigle and sinc-fät,      searo-nîðas fealh
+     Eormenrîces,      geceás êcne ræd.
+     Þone hring häfde      Higelâc Geáta,
+     nefa Swertinges,      nýhstan sîðe,
+1205 siððan he under segne      sinc ealgode,
+     wäl-reáf werede;      hyne Wyrd fornam,
+     syððan he for wlenco      weán âhsode,
+     fæhðe tô Frysum;      he þâ frätwe wäg,
+     eorclan-stânas      ofer ýða ful,
+1210 rîce þeóden,      he under rande gecranc;
+     gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm      feorh cyninges,
+     breóst-gewædu      and se beáh somod:
+     wyrsan wîg-frecan      wäl reáfedon
+     äfter gûð-sceare,      Geáta leóde
+1215 hreâ-wîc heóldon.      Heal swêge onfêng.
+     Wealhþeó maðelode,      heó fore þäm werede spräc:
+     "Brûc þisses beáges,      Beówulf, leófa
+     "hyse, mid hæle,      and þisses hrägles neót
+     "þeód-gestreóna,      and geþeóh tela,
+1220 "cen þec mid cräfte      and þyssum cnyhtum wes
+     "lâra lîðe!      ic þe þäs leán geman.
+     "Hafast þu gefêred,      þät þe feor and neáh
+     "ealne wîde-ferhð      weras ehtigað,
+     "efne swâ sîde      swâ sæ bebûgeð
+1225 "windige weallas.      Wes, þenden þu lifige,
+     "äðeling eádig!      ic þe an tela
+     "sinc-gestreóna.      Beó þu suna mînum
+     "dædum gedêfe      dreám healdende!
+     "Her is æghwylc eorl      ôðrum getrýwe,
+1230 "môdes milde,      man-drihtne hold,
+     "þegnas syndon geþwære,      þeód eal gearo:
+     "druncne dryht-guman,      dôð swâ ic bidde!"
+     Eode þâ tô setle.      Þær wäs symbla cyst,
+     druncon wîn weras:      wyrd ne cûðon,
+1235 geó-sceaft grimme,      swâ hit âgangen wearð
+     eorla manegum,      syððan æfen cwom
+     and him Hrôðgâr gewât      tô hofe sînum,
+     rîce tô räste.      Reced weardode
+     unrîm eorla,      swâ hie oft ær dydon:
+1240 benc-þelu beredon,      hit geond-bræded wearð
+     beddum and bolstrum.      Beór-scealca sum
+     fûs and fæge      flet-räste gebeág.
+     Setton him tô heáfdum      hilde-randas,
+     bord-wudu beorhtan;      þær on bence wäs
+1245 ofer äðelinge      ýð-gesêne
+     heaðo-steápa helm,      hringed byrne,
+     þrec-wudu þrymlîc.      Wäs þeáw hyra,
+     þät hie oft wæron      an wîg gearwe,
+     ge ät hâm ge on herge,      ge gehwäðer þâra
+1250 efne swylce mæla,      swylce hira man-dryhtne
+     þearf gesælde;      wäs seó þeód tilu.
+
+
+XX. GRENDEL'S MOTHER ATTACKS THE RING-DANES.
+
+     Sigon þâ tô slæpe.      Sum sâre angeald
+     æfen-räste,      swâ him ful-oft gelamp,
+     siððan gold-sele      Grendel warode,
+1255 unriht äfnde,      ôð þät ende becwom,
+     swylt äfter synnum.      Þät gesýne wearð,
+     wîd-cûð werum,      þätte wrecend þâ gyt
+     lifde äfter lâðum,      lange þrage
+     äfter gûð-ceare;      Grendles môdor,
+1260 ides aglæc-wîf      yrmðe gemunde,
+     se þe wäter-egesan      wunian scolde,
+     cealde streámas,      siððan Cain wearð
+     tô ecg-banan      ângan brêðer,
+     fäderen-mæge;      he þâ fâg gewât,
+1265 morðre gemearcod      man-dreám fleón,
+     wêsten warode.      Þanon wôc fela
+     geósceaft-gâsta;      wäs þæra Grendel sum,
+     heoro-wearh hetelîc,      se ät Heorote fand
+     wäccendne wer      wîges bîdan,
+1270 þær him aglæca      ät-græpe wearð;
+     hwäðre he gemunde      mägenes strenge,
+     gim-fäste gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     and him tô anwaldan      âre gelýfde,
+     frôfre and fultum:      þý he þone feónd ofercwom,
+1275 gehnægde helle gâst:      þâ he heán gewât,
+     dreáme bedæled      deáð-wîc seón,
+     man-cynnes feónd.      And his môdor þâ gyt
+     gîfre and galg-môd      gegân wolde
+     sorh-fulne sîð,      suna deáð wrecan.
+1280 Com þâ tô Heorote,      þær Hring-Dene
+     geond þät säld swæfun.      Þâ þær sôna wearð
+     ed-hwyrft eorlum,      siððan inne fealh
+     Grendles môdor;      wäs se gryre lässa
+     efne swâ micle,      swâ bið mägða cräft,
+1285 wîg-gryre wîfes      be wæpned-men,
+     þonne heoru bunden,      hamere geþuren,
+     sweord swâte fâh      swîn ofer helme,
+     ecgum dyhtig      andweard scireð.
+     Þâ wäs on healle      heard-ecg togen,
+1290 sweord ofer setlum,      sîd-rand manig
+     hafen handa fäst;      helm ne gemunde,
+     byrnan sîde,      þe hine se brôga angeat.
+     Heó wäs on ôfste,      wolde ût þanon
+     feore beorgan,      þâ heó onfunden wäs;
+1295 hraðe heó äðelinga      ânne häfde
+     fäste befangen,      þâ heó tô fenne gang;
+     se wäs Hrôðgâre      häleða leófost
+     on gesîðes hâd      be sæm tweonum,
+     rîce rand-wîga,      þone þe heó on räste âbreát,
+1300 blæd-fästne beorn.      Näs Beówulf þær,
+     ac wäs ôðer in      ær geteohhod
+     äfter mâððum-gife      mærum Geáte.
+     Hreám wearð on Heorote.      Heó under heolfre genam
+     cûðe folme;      cearu wäs geniwod
+1305 geworden in wîcum:      ne wäs þät gewrixle til,
+     þät hie on bâ healfa      bicgan scoldon
+     freónda feorum.      Þâ wäs frôd cyning,
+     hâr hilde-rinc,      on hreón môde,
+     syððan he aldor-þegn      unlyfigendne,
+1310 þone deórestan      deádne wisse.
+     Hraðe wäs tô bûre      Beówulf fetod,
+     sigor-eádig secg.      Samod ær-däge
+     eode eorla sum,      äðele cempa
+     self mid gesîðum,      þær se snottra bâd,
+1315 hwäðre him al-walda      æfre wille
+     äfter weá-spelle      wyrpe gefremman.
+     Gang þâ äfter flôre      fyrd-wyrðe man
+     mid his hand-scale      (heal-wudu dynede)
+     þät he þone wîsan      wordum hnægde
+1320 freán Ingwina;      frägn gif him wære
+     äfter neód-laðu      niht getæse.
+
+
+XXI. SORROW AT HEOROT: ÆSCHERE'S DEATH.
+
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      helm Scildinga:
+     "Ne frin þu äfter sælum!      Sorh is geniwod
+     "Denigea leódum.      Deád is Äsc-here,
+1325 "Yrmenlâfes      yldra brôðor,
+     "mîn rûn-wita      and mîn ræd-bora,
+     "eaxl-gestealla,      þonne we on orlege
+     "hafelan weredon,      þonne hniton fêðan,
+     "eoferas cnysedan;      swylc scolde eorl wesan
+1330 "äðeling ær-gôd,      swylc Äsc-here wäs.
+     "Wearð him on Heorote      tô hand-banan
+     "wäl-gæst wäfre;      ic ne wât hwäder
+     "atol æse wlanc      eft-sîðas teáh,
+     "fylle gefrægnod.      Heó þâ fæhðe wräc,
+1335 "þe þu gystran niht      Grendel cwealdest
+     "þurh hæstne hâd      heardum clammum,
+     "forþan he tô lange      leóde mîne
+     "wanode and wyrde.      He ät wîge gecrang
+     "ealdres scyldig,      and nu ôðer cwom
+1340 "mihtig mân-scaða,      wolde hyre mæg wrecan,
+     "ge feor hafað      fæhðe gestæled,
+     "þäs þe þincean mäg      þegne monegum,
+     "se þe äfter sinc-gyfan      on sefan greóteð,
+     "hreðer-bealo hearde;      nu seó hand ligeð,
+1345 "se þe eów wel-hwylcra      wilna dohte.
+     "Ic þät lond-bûend      leóde mîne
+     "sele-rædende      secgan hýrde,
+     "þät hie gesâwon      swylce twegen
+     "micle mearc-stapan      môras healdan,
+1350 "ellor-gæstas:      þæra ôðer wäs,
+     "þäs þe hie gewislîcost      gewitan meahton,
+     "idese onlîcnes,      ôðer earm-sceapen
+     "on weres wästmum      wräc-lâstas träd,
+     "näfne he wäs mâra      þonne ænig man ôðer,
+1355 "þone on geâr-dagum      Grendel nemdon
+     "fold-bûende:      nô hie fäder cunnon,
+     "hwäðer him ænig wäs      ær âcenned
+     "dyrnra gâsta.      Hie dýgel lond
+     "warigeað, wulf-hleoðu,      windige nässas,
+1360 "frêcne fen-gelâd,      þær fyrgen-streám
+     "under nässa genipu      niðer gewîteð,
+     "flôd under foldan;      nis þät feor heonon
+     "mîl-gemearces,      þät se mere standeð,
+     "ofer þäm hongiað      hrîmge bearwas,
+1365 "wudu wyrtum fäst,      wäter oferhelmað.
+     "Þær mäg nihta gehwæm      nîð-wundor seón,
+     "fýr on flôde;      nô þäs frôd leofað
+     "gumena bearna,      þät þone grund wite;
+     "þeáh þe hæð-stapa      hundum geswenced,
+1370 "heorot hornum trum      holt-wudu sêce,
+     "feorran geflýmed,      ær he feorh seleð,
+     "aldor on ôfre,      ær he in wille,
+     "hafelan hýdan.      Nis þät heóru stôw:
+     "þonon ýð-geblond      up âstîgeð
+1375 "won tô wolcnum,      þonne wind styreð
+     "lâð gewidru,      ôð þät lyft drysmað,
+     "roderas reótað.      Nu is ræd gelang
+     "eft ät þe ânum!      Eard git ne const,
+     "frêcne stôwe,      þær þu findan miht
+1380 "sinnigne secg:      sêc gif þu dyrre!
+     "Ic þe þâ fæhðe      feó leánige,
+     "eald-gestreónum,      swâ ic ær dyde,
+     "wundnum golde,      gyf þu on weg cymest."
+
+
+XXII. BEÓWULF SEEKS THE MONSTER IN THE HAUNTS OF THE NIXIES.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+1385 "Ne sorga, snotor guma!      sêlre bið æghwæm,
+     "þät he his freónd wrece,      þonne he fela murne;
+     "ûre æghwylc sceal      ende gebîdan
+     "worolde lîfes;      wyrce se þe môte
+     "dômes ær deáðe!      þät bið driht-guman
+1390 "unlifgendum      äfter sêlest.
+     "Ârîs, rîces weard;      uton hraðe fêran,
+     "Grendles mâgan      gang sceáwigan!
+     "Ic hit þe gehâte:      nô he on helm losað,
+     "ne on foldan fäðm,      ne on fyrgen-holt,
+1395 "ne on gyfenes grund,      gâ þær he wille.
+     "Þys dôgor þu      geþyld hafa
+     "weána gehwylces,      swâ ic þe wêne tô!"
+     Âhleóp þâ se gomela,      gode þancode,
+     mihtigan drihtne,      þäs se man gespräc.
+1400 Þâ wäs Hrôðgâre      hors gebæted,
+     wicg wunden-feax.      Wîsa fengel
+     geatolîc gengde;      gum-fêða stôp
+     lind-häbbendra.      Lâstas wæron
+     äfter wald-swaðum      wîde gesýne,
+1405 gang ofer grundas;      gegnum fôr þâ
+     ofer myrcan môr,      mago-þegna bär
+     þone sêlestan      sâwol-leásne,
+     þâra þe mid Hrôðgâre      hâm eahtode.
+     Ofer-eode þâ      äðelinga bearn
+1410 steáp stân-hliðo,      stîge nearwe,
+     enge ân-paðas,      un-cûð gelâd,
+     neowle nässas,      nicor-hûsa fela;
+     he feára sum      beforan gengde
+     wîsra monna,      wong sceáwian,
+1415 ôð þät he færinga      fyrgen-beámas
+     ofer hârne stân      hleonian funde,
+     wyn-leásne wudu;      wäter under stôd
+     dreórig and gedrêfed.      Denum eallum wäs,
+     winum Scyldinga,      weorce on môde,
+1420 tô geþolianne      þegne monegum,
+     oncýð eorla gehwæm,      syððan Äsc-heres
+     on þam holm-clife      hafelan mêtton.
+     Flôd blôde weól      (folc tô sægon)
+     hâtan heolfre.      Horn stundum song
+1425 fûslîc fyrd-leóð.      Fêða eal gesät;
+     gesâwon þâ äfter wätere      wyrm-cynnes fela,
+     sellîce sæ-dracan      sund cunnian,
+     swylce on näs-hleoðum      nicras licgean,
+     þâ on undern-mæl      oft bewitigað
+1430 sorh-fulne sîð      on segl-râde,
+     wyrmas and wil-deór;      hie on weg hruron
+     bitere and gebolgne,      bearhtm ongeâton,
+     gûð-horn galan.      Sumne Geáta leód
+     of flân-bogan      feores getwæfde,
+1435 ýð-gewinnes,      þät him on aldre stôd
+     here-stræl hearda;      he on holme wäs
+     sundes þe sænra,      þe hyne swylt fornam.
+     Hräðe wearð on ýðum      mid eofer-spreótum
+     heoro-hôcyhtum      hearde genearwod,
+1440 nîða genæged      and on näs togen
+     wundorlîc wæg-bora;      weras sceáwedon
+     gryrelîcne gist.      Gyrede hine Beówulf
+     eorl-gewædum,      nalles for ealdre mearn:
+     scolde here-byrne      hondum gebroden,
+1445 sîd and searo-fâh,      sund cunnian,
+     seó þe bân-côfan      beorgan cûðe,
+     þät him hilde-grâp      hreðre ne mihte,
+     eorres inwit-feng,      aldre gesceððan;
+     ac se hwîta helm      hafelan werede,
+1450 se þe mere-grundas      mengan scolde,
+     sêcan sund-gebland      since geweorðad,
+     befongen freá-wrâsnum,      swâ hine fyrn-dagum
+     worhte wæpna smið,      wundrum teóde,
+     besette swîn-lîcum,      þät hine syððan nô
+1455 brond ne beado-mêcas      bîtan ne meahton.
+     Näs þät þonne mætost      mägen-fultuma,
+     þät him on þearfe lâh      þyle Hrôðgâres;
+     wäs þäm häft-mêce      Hrunting nama,
+     þät wäs ân foran      eald-gestreóna;
+1460 ecg wäs îren      âter-teárum fâh,
+     âhyrded heaðo-swâte;      næfre hit ät hilde ne swâc
+     manna ængum      þâra þe hit mid mundum bewand,
+     se þe gryre-sîðas      gegân dorste,
+     folc-stede fâra;      näs þät forma sîð,
+1465 þät hit ellen-weorc      äfnan scolde.
+     Hûru ne gemunde      mago Ecglâfes
+     eafoðes cräftig,      þät he ær gespräc
+     wîne druncen,      þâ he þäs wæpnes onlâh
+     sêlran sweord-frecan:      selfa ne dorste
+1470 under ýða gewin      aldre genêðan,
+     driht-scype dreógan;      þær he dôme forleás,
+     ellen-mærðum.      Ne wäs þäm ôðrum swâ,
+     syððan he hine tô gûðe      gegyred häfde.
+
+
+XXIII. THE BATTLE WITH THE WATER-DRAKE.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+1475 "geþenc nu, se mæra      maga Healfdenes,
+     "snottra fengel,      nu ic eom sîðes fûs,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      hwät wit geó spræcon,
+     "gif ic ät þearfe      þînre scolde
+     "aldre linnan,      þät þu me â wære
+1480 "forð-gewitenum      on fäder stäle;
+     "wes þu mund-bora mînum      mago-þegnum,
+     "hond-gesellum,      gif mec hild nime:
+     "swylce þu þâ mâdmas,      þe þu me sealdest,
+     "Hrôðgâr leófa,      Higelâce onsend.
+1485 "Mäg þonne on þäm golde ongitan      Geáta dryhten,
+     "geseón sunu Hrêðles,      þonne he on þät sinc starað,
+     "þät ic gum-cystum      gôdne funde
+     "beága bryttan,      breác þonne môste.
+     "And þu Ûnferð læt      ealde lâfe,
+1490 "wrätlîc wæg-sweord      wîd-cûðne man
+     "heard-ecg habban;      ic me mid Hruntinge
+     "dôm gewyrce,      oððe mec deáð nimeð."
+     Äfter þæm wordum      Weder-Geáta leód
+     êfste mid elne,      nalas andsware
+1495 bîdan wolde;      brim-wylm onfêng
+     hilde-rince.      Þâ wäs hwîl däges,
+     ær he þone grund-wong      ongytan mehte.
+     Sôna þät onfunde,      se þe flôda begong
+     heoro-gîfre beheóld      hund missera,
+1500 grim and grædig,      þät þær gumena sum
+     äl-wihta eard      ufan cunnode.
+     Grâp þâ tôgeánes,      gûð-rinc gefêng
+     atolan clommum;      nô þý ær in gescôd
+     hâlan lîce:      hring ûtan ymb-bearh,
+1505 þät heó þone fyrd-hom      þurh-fôn ne mihte,
+     locene leoðo-syrcan      lâðan fingrum.
+     Bär þâ seó brim-wylf,      þâ heó tô botme com,
+     hringa þengel      tô hofe sînum,
+     swâ he ne mihte nô      (he þäs môdig wäs)
+1510 wæpna gewealdan,      ac hine wundra þäs fela
+     swencte on sunde,      sæ-deór monig
+     hilde-tuxum      here-syrcan bräc,
+     êhton aglæcan.      Þâ se eorl ongeat,
+     þät he in nið-sele      nât-hwylcum wäs,
+1515 þær him nænig wäter      wihte ne sceðede,
+     ne him for hrôf-sele      hrînan ne mehte
+     fær-gripe flôdes:      fýr-leóht geseah,
+     blâcne leóman      beorhte scînan.
+     Ongeat þâ se gôda      grund-wyrgenne,
+1520 mere-wîf mihtig;      mägen-ræs forgeaf
+     hilde-bille,      hond swenge ne ofteáh,
+     þät hire on hafelan      hring-mæl âgôl
+     grædig gûð-leóð.      Þâ se gist onfand,
+     þät se beado-leóma      bîtan nolde,
+1525 aldre sceððan,      ac seó ecg geswâc
+     þeódne ät þearfe:      þolode ær fela
+     hond-gemôta,      helm oft gescär,
+     fæges fyrd-hrägl:      þät wäs forma sîð
+     deórum mâðme,      þät his dôm âläg.
+1530 Eft wäs ân-ræd,      nalas elnes lät,
+     mærða gemyndig      mæg Hygelâces;
+     wearp þâ wunden-mæl      wrättum gebunden
+     yrre oretta,      þät hit on eorðan läg,
+     stîð and stýl-ecg;      strenge getrûwode,
+1535 mund-gripe mägenes.      Swâ sceal man dôn,
+     þonne he ät gûðe      gegân þenceð
+     longsumne lof,      nâ ymb his lîf cearað.
+     Gefêng þâ be eaxle      (nalas for fæhðe mearn)
+     Gûð-Geáta leód      Grendles môdor;
+1540 brägd þâ beadwe heard,      þâ he gebolgen wäs,
+     feorh-genîðlan,      þät heó on flet gebeáh.
+     Heó him eft hraðe      and-leán forgeald
+     grimman grâpum      and him tôgeánes fêng;
+     oferwearp þâ wêrig-môd      wîgena strengest,
+1545 fêðe-cempa,      þät he on fylle wearð.
+     Ofsät þâ þone sele-gyst      and hyre seaxe geteáh,
+     brâd and brûn-ecg      wolde hire bearn wrecan,
+     ângan eaferan.      Him on eaxle läg
+     breóst-net broden;      þät gebearh feore,
+1550 wið ord and wið ecge      ingang forstôd.
+     Häfde þâ forsîðod      sunu Ecgþeówes
+     under gynne grund,      Geáta cempa,
+     nemne him heaðo-byrne      helpe gefremede,
+     here-net hearde,      and hâlig god
+1555 geweóld wîg-sigor,      witig drihten;
+     rodera rædend      hit on ryht gescêd,
+     ýðelîce      syððan he eft âstôd.
+
+
+XXIV. BEÓWULF SLAYS THE SPRITE.
+
+     Geseah þâ on searwum      sige-eádig bil,
+     eald sweord eotenisc      ecgum þyhtig,
+1560 wîgena weorð-mynd:      þät wäs wæpna cyst,
+     bûton hit wäs mâre      þonne ænig mon ôðer
+     tô beadu-lâce      ätberan meahte
+     gôd and geatolîc      giganta geweorc.
+     He gefêng þâ fetel-hilt,      freca Scildinga,
+1565 hreóh and heoro-grim      hring-mæl gebrägd,
+     aldres orwêna,      yrringa slôh,
+     þät hire wið halse      heard grâpode,
+     bân-hringas bräc,      bil eal þurh-wôd
+     fægne flæsc-homan,      heó on flet gecrong;
+1570 sweord wäs swâtig,      secg weorce gefeh.
+     Lixte se leóma,      leóht inne stôd,
+     efne swâ of hefene      hâdre scîneð
+     rodores candel.      He äfter recede wlât,
+     hwearf þâ be wealle,      wæpen hafenade
+1575 heard be hiltum      Higelâces þegn,
+     yrre and ân-ræd.      Näs seó ecg fracod
+     hilde-rince,      ac he hraðe wolde
+     Grendle forgyldan      gûð-ræsa fela
+     þâra þe he geworhte      tô West-Denum
+1580 oftor micle      þonne on ænne sîð,
+     þonne he Hrôðgâres      heorð-geneátas
+     slôh on sweofote,      slæpende frät
+     folces Denigea      fýf-tyne men
+     and ôðer swylc      ût of-ferede,
+1585 lâðlîcu lâc.      He him þäs leán forgeald,
+     rêðe cempa,      tô þäs þe he on räste geseah
+     gûð-wêrigne      Grendel licgan,
+     aldor-leásne,      swâ him ær gescôd
+     hild ät Heorote;      hrâ wîde sprong,
+1590 syððan he äfter deáðe      drepe þrowade,
+     heoro-sweng heardne,      and hine þâ heáfde becearf,
+     Sôna þät gesâwon      snottre ceorlas,
+     þâ þe mid Hrôðgâre      on holm wliton,
+     þät wäs ýð-geblond      eal gemenged,
+1595 brim blôde fâh:      blonden-feaxe
+     gomele ymb gôdne      ongeador spræcon,
+     þät hig þäs äðelinges      eft ne wêndon,
+     þät he sige-hrêðig      sêcean côme
+     mærne þeóden;      þâ þäs monige gewearð,
+1600 þät hine seó brim-wylf      âbroten häfde.
+     Þâ com nôn däges.      Näs ofgeâfon
+     hwate Scyldingas; gewât him hâm þonon
+     gold-wine gumena.      Gistas sêtan,
+     môdes seóce,      and on mere staredon,
+1605 wiston and ne wêndon,      þät hie heora wine-drihten
+     selfne gesâwon.      Þâ þät sweord ongan
+     äfter heaðo-swâte      hilde-gicelum
+     wîg-bil wanian;      þät wäs wundra sum,
+     þät hit eal gemealt      îse gelîcost,
+1610 þonne forstes bend      fäder onlæteð,
+     onwindeð wäl-râpas,      se þe geweald hafað
+     sæla and mæla;      þät is sôð metod.
+     Ne nom he in þæm wîcum,      Weder-Geáta leód,
+     mâðm-æhta mâ,      þêh he þær monige geseah,
+1615 bûton þone hafelan      and þâ hilt somod,
+     since fâge;      sweord ær gemealt,
+     forbarn broden mæl:      wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât,
+     ættren ellor-gæst,      se þær inne swealt.
+     Sôna wäs on sunde,      se þe ær ät säcce gebâd
+1620 wîg-hryre wrâðra,      wäter up þurh-deáf;
+     wæron ýð-gebland      eal gefælsod,
+     eácne eardas,      þâ se ellor-gâst
+     oflêt lîf-dagas      and þâs lænan gesceaft.
+     Com þâ tô lande      lid-manna helm
+1625 swîð-môd swymman,      sæ-lâce gefeah,
+     mägen-byrðenne      þâra þe he him mid häfde.
+     Eodon him þâ tôgeánes,      gode þancodon,
+     þryðlîc þegna heáp,      þeódnes gefêgon,
+     þäs þe hi hyne gesundne      geseón môston.
+1630 Þâ wäs of þäm hrôran      helm and byrne
+     lungre âlýsed:      lagu drusade,
+     wäter under wolcnum,      wäl-dreóre fâg.
+     Fêrdon forð þonon      fêðe-lâstum
+     ferhðum fägne,      fold-weg mæton,
+1635 cûðe stræte;      cyning-balde men
+     from þäm holm-clife      hafelan bæron
+     earfoðlîce      heora æghwäðrum
+     fela-môdigra:      feówer scoldon
+     on ðäm wäl-stenge      weorcum geferian
+1640 tô þäm gold-sele      Grendles heáfod,
+     ôð þät semninga      tô sele cômon
+     frome fyrd-hwate      feówer-tyne
+     Geáta gongan;      gum-dryhten mid
+     môdig on gemonge      meodo-wongas träd.
+1645 Þâ com in gân      ealdor þegna,
+     dæd-cêne mon      dôme gewurðad,
+     häle hilde-deór.      Hrôðgâr grêtan:
+     Þâ wäs be feaxe      on flet boren
+     Grendles heáfod,      þær guman druncon,
+1650 egeslîc for eorlum      and þære idese mid:
+     wlite-seón wrätlîc      weras onsâwon.
+
+
+XXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE: HE DISCOURSES.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Hwät! we þe þâs sæ-lâc,      sunu Healfdenes,
+     "leód Scyldinga,      lustum brôhton,
+1655 "tîres tô tâcne,      þe þu her tô lôcast.
+     "Ic þät unsôfte      ealdre gedîgde:
+     "wîge under wätere      weorc genêðde
+     "earfoðlîce,      ät-rihte wäs
+     "gûð getwæfed,      nymðe mec god scylde.
+1660 "Ne meahte ic ät hilde      mid Hruntinge
+     "wiht gewyrcan,      þeáh þät wæpen duge,
+     "ac me geûðe      ylda waldend,
+     "þät ic on wage geseah      wlitig hangian
+     "eald sweord eácen      (oftost wîsode
+1665 "winigea leásum)      þät ic þý wæpne gebräd.
+     "Ofslôh þâ ät þære säcce      (þâ me sæl âgeald)
+     "hûses hyrdas.      Þâ þät hilde-bil
+     "forbarn, brogden mæl,      swâ þät blôd gesprang,
+     "hâtost heaðo-swâta:      ic þät hilt þanan
+1670 "feóndum ätferede;      fyren-dæda wräc,
+     "deáð-cwealm Denigea,      swâ hit gedêfe wäs.
+     "Ic hit þe þonne gehâte,      þät þu on Heorote môst
+     "sorh-leás swefan      mid þînra secga gedryht,
+     "and þegna gehwylc      þînra leóda,
+1675 "duguðe and iogoðe,      þät þu him ondrædan ne þearft,
+     "þeóden Scyldinga,      on þâ healfe,
+     "aldor-bealu eorlum,      swâ þu ær dydest."
+     Þâ wäs gylden hilt      gamelum rince.
+     hârum hild-fruman,      on hand gyfen,
+1680 enta ær-geweorc,      hit on æht gehwearf
+     äfter deófla hryre      Denigea freán,
+     wundor-smiða geweorc,      and þâ þâs worold ofgeaf
+     grom-heort guma,      godes andsaca,
+     morðres scyldig,      and his môdor eác;
+1685 on geweald gehwearf      worold-cyninga
+     þäm sêlestan      be sæm tweónum
+     þâra þe on Sceden-igge      sceattas dælde.
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode,      hylt sceáwode,
+     ealde lâfe,      on þäm wäs ôr writen
+1690 fyrn-gewinnes:      syððan flôd ofslôh,
+     gifen geótende,      giganta cyn,
+     frêcne gefêrdon:      þät wäs fremde þeód
+     êcean dryhtne,      him þäs ende-leán
+     þurh wäteres wylm      waldend sealde.
+1695 Swâ wäs on þæm scennum      scîran goldes
+     þurh rûn-stafas      rihte gemearcod,
+     geseted and gesæd,      hwâm þät sweord geworht,
+     îrena cyst      ærest wære,
+     wreoðen-hilt and wyrm-fâh.      Þâ se wîsa spräc
+1700 sunu Healfdenes      (swîgedon ealle):
+     "Þät lâ mäg secgan,      se þe sôð and riht
+     "fremeð on folce,      (feor eal gemon
+     "eald êðel-weard),      þät þes eorl wære
+     "geboren betera!      Blæd is âræred
+1705 "geond wîd-wegas,      wine mîn Beówulf,
+     "þîn ofer þeóda gehwylce.      Eal þu hit geþyldum healdest,
+     "mägen mid môdes snyttrum.      Ic þe sceal mîne gelæstan
+     "freóde, swâ wit furðum spræcon;      þu scealt tô frôfre weorðan
+     "eal lang-twidig      leódum þînum,
+1710 "häleðum tô helpe.      Ne wearð Heremôd swâ
+     "eaforum Ecgwelan,      Âr-Scyldingum;
+     "ne geweôx he him tô willan,      ac tô wäl-fealle
+     "and tô deáð-cwalum      Deniga leódum;
+     "breát bolgen-môd      beód-geneátas,
+1715 "eaxl-gesteallan,      ôð þät he âna hwearf,
+     "mære þeóden.      mon-dreámum from:
+     "þeáh þe hine mihtig god      mägenes wynnum,
+     "eafeðum stêpte,      ofer ealle men
+     "forð gefremede,      hwäðere him on ferhðe greów
+1720 "breóst-hord blôd-reów:      nallas beágas geaf
+     "Denum äfter dôme;      dreám-leás gebâd,
+     "þät he þäs gewinnes      weorc þrowade,
+     "leód-bealo longsum.      Þu þe lær be þon,
+     "gum-cyste ongit!      ic þis gid be þe
+1725 "âwräc wintrum frôd.      Wundor is tô secganne,
+     "hû mihtig god      manna cynne
+     "þurh sîdne sefan      snyttru bryttað,
+     "eard and eorl-scipe,      he âh ealra geweald.
+     "Hwîlum he on lufan      læteð hworfan
+1730 "monnes môd-geþonc      mæran cynnes,
+     "seleð him on êðle      eorðan wynne,
+     "tô healdanne      hleó-burh wera,
+     "gedêð him swâ gewealdene      worolde dælas,
+     "sîde rîce,      þät he his selfa ne mäg
+1735 "for his un-snyttrum      ende geþencean;
+     "wunað he on wiste,      nô hine wiht dweleð,
+     "âdl ne yldo,      ne him inwit-sorh
+     "on sefan sweorceð,      ne gesacu ôhwær,
+     "ecg-hete eóweð,      ac him eal worold
+1740 "wendeð on willan;      he þät wyrse ne con,
+     "ôð þät him on innan      ofer-hygda dæl
+     "weaxeð and wridað,      þonne se weard swefeð,
+     "sâwele hyrde:      bið se slæp tô fäst,
+     "bisgum gebunden,      bona swîðe neáh,
+1745 "se þe of flân-bogan      fyrenum sceóteð.
+
+
+XXVI. THE DISCOURSE IS ENDED.--BEÓWULF PREPARES TO LEAVE.
+
+     "Þonne bið on hreðre      under helm drepen
+     "biteran stræle:      him bebeorgan ne con
+     "wom wundor-bebodum      wergan gâstes;
+     "þinceð him tô lytel,      þät he tô lange heóld,
+1750 "gýtsað grom-hydig,      nallas on gylp seleð
+     "fätte beágas      and he þâ forð-gesceaft
+     "forgyteð and forgýmeð,      þäs þe him ær god sealde
+     "wuldres waldend,      weorð-mynda dæl.
+     "Hit on ende-stäf      eft gelimpeð,
+1755 "þät se lîc-homa      læne gedreóseð,
+     "fæge gefealleð;      fêhð ôðer tô,
+     "se þe unmurnlîce      mâdmas dæleð,
+     "eorles ær-gestreón,      egesan ne gýmeð.
+     "Bebeorh þe þone bealo-nîð,      Beówulf leófa,
+1760 "secg se betsta,      and þe þät sêlre geceós,
+     "êce rædas;      oferhyda ne gým,
+     "mære cempa!      Nu is þînes mägnes blæd
+     "âne hwîle;      eft sôna bið,
+     "þät þec âdl oððe ecg      eafoðes getwæfeð,
+1765 "oððe fýres feng      oððe flôdes wylm,
+     "oððe gripe mêces      oððe gâres fliht,
+     "oððe atol yldo,      oððe eágena bearhtm
+     "forsiteð and forsworceð;      semninga bið,
+     "þät þec, dryht-guma,      deáð oferswýðeð.
+1770 "Swâ ic Hring-Dena      hund missera
+     "weóld under wolcnum,      and hig wîge beleác
+     "manigum mægða      geond þysne middan-geard,
+     "äscum and ecgum,      þät ic me ænigne
+     "under swegles begong      gesacan ne tealde.
+1775 "Hwät! me þäs on êðle      edwenden cwom,
+     "gyrn äfter gomene,      seoððan Grendel wearð,
+     "eald-gewinna,      in-genga mîn:
+     "ic þære sôcne      singales wäg
+     "môd-ceare micle.      Þäs sig metode þanc,
+1780 "êcean drihtne,      þäs þe ic on aldre gebâd,
+     "þät ic on þone hafelan      heoro-dreórigne
+     "ofer eald gewin      eágum starige!
+     "Gâ nu tô setle,      symbel-wynne dreóh
+     "wîgge weorðad:      unc sceal worn fela
+1785 "mâðma gemænra,      siððan morgen bið."
+     Geát wäs gläd-môd,      geóng sôna tô,
+     setles neósan,      swâ se snottra hêht.
+     Þâ wäs eft swâ ær      ellen-rôfum,
+     flet-sittendum      fägere gereorded
+1790 niówan stefne.      Niht-helm geswearc
+     deorc ofer dryht-gumum.      Duguð eal ârâs;
+     wolde blonden-feax      beddes neósan,
+     gamela Scylding.      Geát ungemetes wel,
+     rôfne rand-wîgan      restan lyste:
+1795 sôna him sele-þegn      sîðes wêrgum,
+     feorran-cundum      forð wîsade,
+     se for andrysnum      ealle beweotede
+     þegnes þearfe,      swylce þý dôgore
+     heáðo-lîðende      habban scoldon.
+1800 Reste hine þâ rûm-heort;      reced hlifade
+     geáp and gold-fâh,      gäst inne swäf,
+     ôð þät hrefn blaca      heofones wynne
+     blîð-heort bodode.      Þâ com beorht sunne
+     scacan ofer grundas;      scaðan onetton,
+1805 wæron äðelingas      eft tô leódum
+     fûse tô farenne,      wolde feor þanon
+     cuma collen-ferhð      ceóles neósan.
+     Hêht þâ se hearda      Hrunting beran,
+     sunu Ecglâfes,      hêht his sweord niman,
+1810 leóflîc îren;      sägde him þäs leánes þanc,
+     cwäð he þone gûð-wine      gôdne tealde,
+     wîg-cräftigne,      nales wordum lôg
+     mêces ecge:      þät wäs môdig secg.
+     And þâ sîð-frome      searwum gearwe
+1815 wîgend wæron,      eode weorð Denum
+     äðeling tô yppan,      þær se ôðer wäs
+     häle hilde-deór,      Hrôðgâr grêtte.
+
+
+XXVII. THE PARTING WORDS.
+
+     Beówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Nu we sæ-lîðend      secgan wyllað
+1820 "feorran cumene,      þät we fundiað
+     "Higelâc sêcan.      Wæron her tela
+     "willum bewenede;      þu ûs wel dohtest.
+     "Gif ic þonne on eorðan      ôwihte mäg
+     "þînre môd-lufan      mâran tilian,
+1825 "gumena dryhten,      þonne ic gyt dyde,
+     "gûð-geweorca      ic beó gearo sôna.
+     "Gif ic þät gefricge      ofer flôda begang,
+     "þät þec ymbe-sittend      egesan þýwað,
+     "swâ þec hetende      hwîlum dydon,
+1830 "ic þe þûsenda      þegna bringe,
+     "häleða tô helpe.      Ic on Higelâce wât,
+     "Geáta dryhten,      þeáh þe he geong sý,
+     "folces hyrde,      þät he mec fremman wile
+     "wordum and worcum,      þät ic þe wel herige,
+1835 "and þe tô geóce      gâr-holt bere
+     "mägenes fultum,      þær þe bið manna þearf;
+     "gif him þonne Hrêðrîc      tô hofum Geáta
+     "geþingeð, þeódnes bearn,      he mäg þær fela
+     "freónda findan:      feor-cýððe beóð
+1840 "sêlran gesôhte      þäm þe him selfa deáh."
+     Hrôðgâr maðelode      him on andsware:
+     "Þe þâ word-cwydas      wittig drihten
+     "on sefan sende!      ne hýrde ic snotorlîcor
+     "on swâ geongum feore      guman þingian:
+1845 "þu eart mägenes strang      and on môde frôd,
+     "wîs word-cwida.      Wên ic talige,
+     "gif þät gegangeð,      þät þe gâr nymeð,
+     "hild heoru-grimme      Hrêðles eaferan,
+     "âdl oððe îren      ealdor þînne,
+1850 "folces hyrde,      and þu þîn feorh hafast,
+     "þät þe Sæ-Geátas      sêlran näbben
+     "tô geceósenne      cyning ænigne,
+     "hord-weard häleða,      gif þu healdan wylt
+     "mâga rîce.      Me þîn môd-sefa
+1855 "lîcað leng swâ wel,      leófa Beówulf:
+     "hafast þu gefêred,      þät þâm folcum sceal,
+     "Geáta leódum      and Gâr-Denum
+     "sib gemænum      and sacu restan,
+     "inwit-nîðas,      þe hie ær drugon;
+1860 "wesan, þenden ic wealde      wîdan rîces,
+     "mâðmas gemæne,      manig ôðerne
+     "gôdum gegrêtan      ofer ganotes bäð;
+     "sceal hring-naca      ofer heáðu bringan
+     "lâc and luf-tâcen.      Ic þâ leóde wât
+1865 "ge wið feónd ge wið freónd      fäste geworhte
+     "æghwäs untæle      ealde wîsan."
+     Þâ git him eorla hleó      inne gesealde,
+     mago Healfdenes      mâðmas twelfe,
+     hêt hine mid þæm lâcum      leóde swæse
+1870 sêcean on gesyntum,      snûde eft cuman.
+     Gecyste þâ      cyning äðelum gôd,
+     þeóden Scildinga,      þegen betstan
+     and be healse genam;      hruron him teáras,
+     blonden-feaxum:      him wäs bega wên,
+1875 ealdum infrôdum,      ôðres swîðor,
+     þät hî seoððan      geseón môston
+     môdige on meðle.      Wäs him se man tô þon leóf,
+     þät he þone breóst-wylm      forberan ne mehte,
+     ac him on hreðre      hyge-bendum fäst
+1880 äfter deórum men      dyrne langað
+     beorn wið blôde.      Him Beówulf þanan,
+     gûð-rinc gold-wlanc      gräs-moldan träd,
+     since hrêmig:      sæ-genga bâd
+     âgend-freán,      se þe on ancre râd.
+1885 Þâ wäs on gange      gifu Hrôðgâres
+     oft geæhted:      þät wäs ân cyning
+     æghwäs orleahtre,      ôð þät hine yldo benam
+     mägenes wynnum,      se þe oft manegum scôd.
+
+
+XXVIII. BEÓWULF RETURNS TO GEATLAND.--THE QUEENS HYGD AND THRYTHO.
+
+     Cwom þâ tô flôde      fela-môdigra
+1890 häg-stealdra heáp;      hring-net bæron,
+     locene leoðo-syrcan.      Land-weard onfand
+     eft-sîð eorla,      swâ he ær dyde;
+     nô he mid hearme      of hliðes nosan
+     gästas grêtte,      ac him tôgeánes râd;
+1895 cwäð þät wilcuman      Wedera leódum
+     scawan scîr-hame      tô scipe fôron.
+     Þâ wäs on sande      sæ-geáp naca
+     hladen here-wædum,      hringed-stefna
+     mearum and mâðmum:      mäst hlifade
+1900 ofer Hrôðgâres      hord-gestreónum.
+     He þäm bât-wearde      bunden golde
+     swurd gesealde,      þät he syððan wäs
+     on meodu-bence      mâðme þý weorðra,
+     yrfe-lâfe.      Gewât him on ýð-nacan,
+1905 drêfan deóp wäter,      Dena land ofgeaf.
+     Þâ wäs be mäste      mere-hrägla sum,
+     segl sâle fäst.      Sund-wudu þunede,
+     nô þær wêg-flotan      wind ofer ýðum
+     sîðes getwæfde;      sæ-genga fôr,
+1910 fleát fâmig-heals      forð ofer ýðe,
+     bunden-stefna      ofer brim-streámas,
+     þät hie Geáta clifu      ongitan meahton,
+     cûðe nässas.      Ceól up geþrang,
+     lyft-geswenced      on lande stôd.
+1915 Hraðe wäs ät holme      hýð-weard gearo,
+     se þe ær lange tîd,      leófra manna
+     fûs, ät faroðe      feor wlâtode;
+     sælde tô sande      sîd-fäðme scip
+     oncer-bendum fäst,      þý läs hym ýða þrym
+1920 wudu wynsuman      forwrecan meahte.
+     Hêt þâ up beran      äðelinga gestreón,
+     frätwe and fät-gold;      näs him feor þanon
+     tô gesêcanne      sinces bryttan:
+     Higelâc Hrêðling      þær ät hâm wunað,
+1925 selfa mid gesîðum      sæ-wealle neáh;
+     bold wäs betlîc,      brego-rôf cyning,
+     heá on healle,      Hygd swîðe geong,
+     wîs, wel-þungen,      þeáh þe wintra lyt
+     under burh-locan      gebiden häbbe
+1930 Häreðes dôhtor:      näs hió hnâh swâ þeáh,
+     ne tô gneáð gifa      Geáta leódum,
+     mâðm-gestreóna.      Mod Þryðo wäg,
+     fremu folces cwên,      firen ondrysne:
+     nænig þät dorste      deór genêðan
+1935 swæsra gesîða,      nefne sin-freá,
+     þät hire an däges      eágum starede;
+     ac him wäl-bende      weotode tealde,
+     hand-gewriðene:      hraðe seoððan wäs
+     äfter mund-gripe      mêce geþinged,
+1940 þät hit sceaðen-mæl      scyran môste,
+     cwealm-bealu cýðan.      Ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw
+     idese tô efnanne,      þeáh þe hió ænlîcu sý,
+     þätte freoðu-webbe      feores onsäce
+     äfter lîge-torne      leófne mannan.
+1945 Hûru þät onhôhsnode      Heminges mæg;
+     ealo drincende      ôðer sædan,
+     þät hió leód-bealewa      läs gefremede,
+     inwit-nîða,      syððan ærest wearð
+     gyfen gold-hroden      geongum cempan,
+1950 äðelum dióre,      syððan hió Offan flet
+     ofer fealone flôd      be fäder lâre
+     sîðe gesôhte,      þær hió syððan wel
+     in gum-stôle,      gôde mære,
+     lîf-gesceafta      lifigende breác,
+1955 hióld heáh-lufan      wið häleða brego,
+     ealles mon-cynnes      mîne gefræge
+     þone sêlestan      bî sæm tweónum
+     eormen-cynnes;      forþam Offa wäs
+     geofum and gûðum      gâr-cêne man,
+1960 wîde geweorðod;      wîsdôme heóld
+     êðel sînne,      þonon Eómær wôc
+     häleðum tô helpe,      Heminges mæg,
+     nefa Gârmundes,      nîða cräftig.
+
+
+XXIX. HIS ARRIVAL. HYGELAC'S RECEPTION.
+
+     Gewât him þâ se hearda      mid his hond-scole
+1965 sylf äfter sande      sæ-wong tredan,
+     wîde waroðas.      Woruld-candel scân,
+     sigel sûðan fûs:      hî sîð drugon,
+     elne geeodon,      tô þäs þe eorla hleó,
+     bonan Ongenþeówes      burgum on innan,
+1970 geongne gûð-cyning      gôdne gefrunon
+     hringas dælan.      Higelâce wäs
+     sîð Beówulfes      snûde gecýðed,
+     þät þær on worðig      wîgendra hleó,
+     lind-gestealla      lifigende cwom,
+1975 heaðo-lâces hâl      tô hofe gongan.
+     Hraðe wäs gerýmed,      swâ se rîca bebeád,
+     fêðe-gestum      flet innan-weard.
+     Gesät þâ wið sylfne,      se þâ säcce genäs,
+     mæg wið mæge,      syððan man-dryhten
+1980 þurh hleóðor-cwyde      holdne gegrêtte
+     meaglum wordum.      Meodu-scencum
+     hwearf geond þät reced      Häreðes dôhtor:
+     lufode þâ leóde,      lîð-wæge bär
+     hælum tô handa.      Higelâc ongan
+1985 sînne geseldan      in sele þam heán
+     fägre fricgean,      hyne fyrwet bräc,
+     hwylce Sæ-Geáta      sîðas wæron:
+     "Hû lomp eów on lâde,      leófa Biówulf,
+     "þâ þu færinga      feorr gehogodest,
+1990 "säcce sêcean      ofer sealt wäter,
+     "hilde tô Hiorote?      Ac þu Hrôðgâre
+     "wîd-cûðne weán      wihte gebêttest,
+     "mærum þeódne?      Ic þäs môd-ceare
+     "sorh-wylmum seáð,      sîðe ne trûwode
+1995 "leófes mannes;      ic þe lange bäd,
+     "þät þu þone wäl-gæst      wihte ne grêtte,
+     "lête Sûð-Dene      sylfe geweorðan
+     "gûðe wið Grendel.      Gode ic þanc secge,
+     "þäs þe ic þe gesundne      geseón môste."
+2000 Biówulf maðelode,      bearn Ecgþiówes:
+     "Þät is undyrne,      dryhten Higelâc,
+     "mære gemêting      monegum fira,
+     "hwylc orleg-hwîl      uncer Grendles
+     "wearð on þam wange,      þær he worna fela
+2005 "Sige-Scildingum      sorge gefremede,
+     "yrmðe tô aldre;      ic þät eal gewräc,
+     "swâ ne gylpan þearf      Grendeles mâga
+     "ænig ofer eorðan      uht-hlem þone,
+     "se þe lengest leofað      lâðan cynnes,
+2010 "fenne bifongen.      Ic þær furðum cwom,
+     "tô þam hring-sele      Hrôðgâr grêtan:
+     "sôna me se mæra      mago Healfdenes,
+     "syððan he môd-sefan      mînne cûðe,
+     "wið his sylfes sunu      setl getæhte.
+2015 "Weorod wäs on wynne;      ne seah ic wîdan feorh
+     "under heofenes hwealf      heal-sittendra
+     "medu-dreám mâran.      Hwîlum mæru cwên,
+     "friðu-sibb folca      flet eall geond-hwearf,
+     "bædde byre geonge;      oft hió beáh-wriðan
+2020 "secge sealde,      ær hió tô setle geóng.
+     "Hwîlum for duguðe      dôhtor Hrôðgâres
+     "eorlum on ende      ealu-wæge bär,
+     "þâ ic Freáware      flet-sittende
+     "nemnan hýrde,      þær hió nägled sinc
+2025 "häleðum sealde:      sió gehâten wäs,
+     "geong gold-hroden,      gladum suna Frôdan;
+     "hafað þäs geworden      wine Scyldinga
+     "rîces hyrde      and þät ræd talað,
+     "þät he mid þý wîfe      wäl-fæhða dæl,
+2030 "säcca gesette.      Oft nô seldan hwær
+     "äfter leód-hryre      lytle hwîle
+     "bon-gâr bûgeð,      þeáh seó brýd duge!
+
+
+XXX. BEÓWULF'S STORY OF THE SLAYINGS.
+
+     "Mäg þäs þonne ofþyncan      þeóden Heaðobeardna
+     "and þegna gehwâm      þâra leóda,
+2035 "þonne he mid fæmnan      on flett gæð,
+     "dryht-bearn Dena      duguða biwenede:
+     "on him gladiað      gomelra lâfe
+     "heard and hring-mæl,      Heaðobeardna gestreón,
+     "þenden hie þâm wæpnum      wealdan môston,
+2040 "ôð þät hie forlæddan      tô þam lind-plegan
+     "swæse gesîðas      ond hyra sylfra feorh.
+     "Þonne cwið ät beóre,      se þe beáh gesyhð,
+     "eald äsc-wîga,      se þe eall geman
+     "gâr-cwealm gumena      (him bið grim sefa),
+2045 "onginneð geômor-môd      geongne cempan
+     "þurh hreðra gehygd      higes cunnian,
+     "wîg-bealu weccean      and þät word âcwyð:
+     "'Meaht þu, mîn wine,      mêce gecnâwan,
+     "'þone þin fäder      tô gefeohte bär
+2050 "'under here-grîman      hindeman sîðe,
+     "'dýre îren,      þær hyne Dene slôgon,
+     "'weóldon wäl-stôwe,      syððan wiðer-gyld läg,
+     "'äfter häleða hryre,      hwate Scyldungas?
+     "'Nu her þâra banena      byre nât-hwylces,
+2055 "'frätwum hrêmig      on flet gæð,
+     "'morðres gylpeð      and þone mâððum byreð,
+     "'þone þe þu mid rihte      rædan sceoldest!'"
+     "Manað swâ and myndgað      mæla gehwylce
+     "sârum wordum,      ôð þät sæl cymeð,
+2060 "þät se fæmnan þegn      fore fäder dædum
+     "äfter billes bite      blôd-fâg swefeð,
+     "ealdres scyldig;      him se ôðer þonan
+     "losað lifigende,      con him land geare.
+     "Þonne bióð brocene      on bâ healfe
+2065 "âð-sweord eorla;      syððan Ingelde
+     "weallað wäl-nîðas      and him wîf-lufan
+     "äfter cear-wälmum      côlran weorðað.
+     "Þý ic Heaðobeardna      hyldo ne telge,
+     "dryht-sibbe dæl      Denum unfæcne,
+2070 "freónd-scipe fästne.      Ic sceal forð sprecan
+     "gen ymbe Grendel,      þät þu geare cunne,
+     "sinces brytta,      tô hwan syððan wearð
+     "hond-ræs häleða.      Syððan heofones gim
+     "glâd ofer grundas,      gäst yrre cwom,
+2075 "eatol æfen-grom,      ûser neósan,
+     "þær we gesunde      säl weardodon;
+     "þær wäs Hondsció      hild onsæge,
+     "feorh-bealu fægum,      he fyrmest läg,
+     "gyrded cempa;      him Grendel wearð,
+2080 "mærum magu-þegne      tô mûð-bonan,
+     "leófes mannes      lîc eall forswealg.
+     "Nô þý ær ût þâ gen      îdel-hende
+     "bona blôdig-tôð      bealewa gemyndig,
+     "of þam gold-sele      gongan wolde,
+2085 "ac he mägnes rôf      mîn costode,
+     "grâpode gearo-folm.      Glôf hangode
+     "sîd and syllîc      searo-bendum fäst,
+     "sió wäs orþoncum      eall gegyrwed
+     "deófles cräftum      and dracan fellum:
+2090 "he mec þær on innan      unsynnigne,
+     "diór dæd-fruma,      gedôn wolde,
+     "manigra sumne:      hyt ne mihte swâ,
+     "syððan ic on yrre      upp-riht âstôd.
+     "Tô lang ys tô reccenne,      hû ic þam leód-sceaðan
+2095 "yfla gehwylces      ond-leán forgeald;
+     "þær ic, þeóden mîn,      þîne leóde
+     "weorðode weorcum.      He on weg losade,
+     "lytle hwîle      lîf-wynna breác;
+     "hwäðre him sió swîðre      swaðe weardade
+2100 "hand on Hiorte      and he heán þonan,
+     "môdes geômor      mere-grund gefeóll.
+     "Me þone wäl-ræs      wine Scildunga
+     "fättan golde      fela leánode,
+     "manegum mâðmum,      syððan mergen com
+2105 "and we tô symble      geseten häfdon.
+     "Þær wäs gidd and gleó;      gomela Scilding
+     "fela fricgende      feorran rehte;
+     "hwîlum hilde-deór      hearpan wynne,
+     "gomen-wudu grêtte;      hwîlum gyd âwräc
+2110 "sôð and sârlîc;      hwîlum syllîc spell
+     "rehte äfter rihte      rûm-heort cyning.
+     "Hwîlum eft ongan      eldo gebunden,
+     "gomel gûð-wîga      gioguðe cwîðan
+     "hilde-strengo;      hreðer inne weóll,
+2115 "þonne he wintrum frôd      worn gemunde.
+     "Swâ we þær inne      andlangne däg
+     "nióde nâman,      ôð þät niht becwom
+     "ôðer tô yldum.      Þâ wäs eft hraðe
+     "gearo gyrn-wräce      Grendeles môdor,
+2120 "sîðode sorh-full;      sunu deáð fornam,
+     "wîg-hete Wedra.      Wîf unhýre
+     "hyre bearn gewräc,      beorn âcwealde
+     "ellenlîce;      þær wäs Äsc-here,
+     "frôdan fyrn-witan,      feorh ûðgenge;
+2125 "nôðer hy hine ne môston,      syððan mergen cwom,
+     "deáð-wêrigne      Denia leóde
+     "bronde forbärnan,      ne on bæl hladan
+     "leófne mannan:      hió þät lîc ätbär
+     "feóndes fäðmum      under firgen-streám.
+2130 "Þät wäs Hrôðgâre      hreówa tornost
+     "þâra þe leód-fruman      lange begeâte;
+     "þâ se þeóden mec      þîne lîfe
+     "healsode hreóh-môd,      þät ic on holma geþring
+     "eorl-scipe efnde,      ealdre genêðde,
+2135 "mærðo fremede:      he me mêde gehêt.
+     "Ic þâ þäs wälmes,      þe is wîde cûð,
+     "grimne gryrelîcne      grund-hyrde fond.
+     "Þær unc hwîle wäs      hand gemæne;
+     "holm heolfre weóll      and ic heáfde becearf
+2140 "in þam grund-sele      Grendeles môdor
+     "eácnum ecgum,      unsôfte þonan
+     "feorh ôðferede;      näs ic fæge þâ gyt,
+     "ac me eorla hleó      eft gesealde
+     "mâðma menigeo,      maga Healfdenes.
+
+
+XXXI. HE GIVES PRESENTS TO HYGELAC. HYGELAC REWARDS HIM. HYGELAC'S DEATH.
+      BEÓWULF REIGNS.
+
+2145 "Swâ se þeód-kyning      þeáwum lyfde;
+     "nealles ic þâm leánum      forloren häfde,
+     "mägnes mêde,      ac he me mâðmas geaf,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      on sînne sylfes dôm;
+     "þâ ic þe, beorn-cyning,      bringan wylle,
+2150 "êstum geýwan.      Gen is eall ät þe
+     "lissa gelong:      ic lyt hafo
+     "heáfod-mâga,      nefne Hygelâc þec!"
+     Hêt þâ in beran      eafor, heáfod-segn,
+     heaðo-steápne helm,      hâre byrnan,
+2155 gûð-sweord geatolîc,      gyd äfter wräc:
+     "Me þis hilde-sceorp      Hrôðgâr sealde,
+     "snotra fengel,      sume worde hêt,
+     "þät ic his ærest      þe eft gesägde,
+     "cwäð þät hyt häfde      Hiorogâr cyning,
+2160 "leód Scyldunga      lange hwîle:
+     "nô þý ær suna sînum      syllan wolde,
+     "hwatum Heorowearde,      þeáh he him hold wære,
+     "breóst-gewædu.      Brûc ealles well!"
+     Hýrde ic þät þâm frätwum      feówer mearas
+2165 lungre gelîce      lâst weardode,
+     äppel-fealuwe;      he him êst geteáh
+     meara and mâðma.      Swâ sceal mæg dôn,
+     nealles inwit-net      ôðrum bregdan,
+     dyrnum cräfte      deáð rênian
+2170 hond-gesteallan.      Hygelâce wäs,
+     nîða heardum,      nefa swýðe hold
+     and gehwäðer ôðrum      hrôðra gemyndig.
+     Hýrde ic þät he þone heals-beáh      Hygde gesealde,
+     wrätlîcne wundur-mâððum,      þone þe him Wealhþeó geaf,
+2175 þeódnes dôhtor,      þrió wicg somod
+     swancor and sadol-beorht;      hyre syððan wäs
+     äfter beáh-þege      breóst geweorðod.
+     Swâ bealdode      bearn Ecgþeówes,
+     guma gûðum cûð,      gôdum dædum,
+2180 dreáh äfter dôme,      nealles druncne slôg
+     heorð-geneátas;      näs him hreóh sefa,
+     ac he man-cynnes      mæste cräfte
+     gin-fästan gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     heóld hilde-deór.      Heán wäs lange,
+2185 swâ hyne Geáta bearn      gôdne ne tealdon,
+     ne hyne on medo-bence      micles wyrðne
+     drihten wereda      gedôn wolde;
+     swýðe oft sägdon,      þät he sleac wære,
+     äðeling unfrom:      edwenden cwom
+2190 tîr-eádigum menn      torna gehwylces.
+     Hêt þâ eorla hleó      in gefetian,
+     heaðo-rôf cyning,      Hrêðles lâfe,
+     golde gegyrede;      näs mid Geátum þâ
+     sinc-mâððum sêlra      on sweordes hâd;
+2195 þät he on Biówulfes      bearm âlegde,
+     and him gesealde      seofan þûsendo,
+     bold and brego-stôl.      Him wäs bâm samod
+     on þam leód-scipe      lond gecynde,
+     eard êðel-riht,      ôðrum swîðor
+2200 sîde rîce,      þam þær sêlra wäs.
+     Eft þät geiode      ufaran dôgrum
+     hilde-hlämmum,      syððan Hygelâc läg
+     and Heardrêde      hilde-mêceas
+     under bord-hreóðan      tô bonan wurdon,
+2205 þâ hyne gesôhtan      on sige-þeóde
+     hearde hilde-frecan,      Heaðo-Scilfingas,
+     nîða genægdan      nefan Hererîces.
+     Syððan Beówulfe      brâde rîce
+     on hand gehwearf:      he geheóld tela
+2210 fîftig wintru      (wäs þâ frôd cyning,
+     eald êðel-weard),      ôð þät ân ongan
+     deorcum nihtum      draca rîcsian,
+     se þe on heáre hæðe      hord beweotode,
+     stân-beorh steápne:      stîg under läg,
+2215 eldum uncûð.      Þær on innan gióng
+     niða nât-hwylces      neóde gefêng
+     hæðnum horde      hond . d . . geþ . . hwylc
+     since fâhne,      he þät syððan . . . . .
+     . . . þ . . . lð . þ . . l . g
+2220 slæpende be fýre,      fyrena hyrde
+     þeófes cräfte,      þät sie . . . . ðioð . . . . .
+     . idh . folc-beorn,      þät he gebolgen wäs.
+
+
+XXXII. THE FIRE-DRAKE. THE HOARD.
+
+     Nealles mid geweoldum      wyrm-horda . . . cräft
+     sôhte sylfes willum,      se þe him sâre gesceôd,
+2225 ac for þreá-nêdlan      þeów nât-hwylces
+     häleða bearna      hete-swengeas fleáh,
+     for ofer-þearfe      and þær inne fealh
+     secg syn-bysig.      Sôna in þâ tîde
+     þät . . . . . þam gyste      . . . . br . g . stôd,
+2230 hwäðre earm-sceapen . . . . . . .
+     . . ð . . . sceapen o . . . . i r . . e se fæs begeat,
+     sinc-fät geseah:      þær wäs swylcra fela
+     in þam eorð-scräfe      ær-gestreóna,
+     swâ hy on geâr-dagum      gumena nât-hwylc
+2235 eormen-lâfe      äðelan cynnes
+     þanc-hycgende      þær gehýdde,
+     deóre mâðmas.      Ealle hie deáð fornam
+     ærran mælum,      and se ân þâ gen
+     leóda duguðe,      se þær lengest hwearf,
+2240 weard wine-geômor      wîscte þäs yldan,
+     þät he lytel fäc      long-gestreóna
+     brûcan môste.      Beorh eal gearo
+     wunode on wonge      wäter-ýðum neáh,
+     niwe be nässe      nearo-cräftum fäst:
+2245 þær on innan bär      eorl-gestreóna
+     hringa hyrde      hard-fyrdne dæl
+     fättan goldes,      feá worda cwäð:
+     "Heald þu nu, hruse,      nu häleð ne môston,
+     "eorla æhte.      Hwät! hit ær on þe
+2250 "gôde begeâton;      gûð-deáð fornam,
+     "feorh-bealo frêcne      fyra gehwylcne,
+     "leóda mînra,      þâra þe þis lîf ofgeaf,
+     "gesâwon sele-dreám.      Nâh hwâ sweord wege
+     "oððe fetige      fäted wæge,
+2255 "drync-fät deóre:      duguð ellor scôc.
+     "Sceal se hearda helm      hyrsted golde
+     "fätum befeallen:      feormiend swefað,
+     "þâ þe beado-grîman      býwan sceoldon,
+     "ge swylce seó here-pâd,      sió ät hilde gebâd
+2260 "ofer borda gebräc      bite îrena,
+     "brosnað äfter beorne.      Ne mäg byrnan hring
+     "äfter wîg-fruman      wîde fêran
+     "häleðum be healfe;      näs hearpan wyn,
+     "gomen gleó-beámes,      ne gôd hafoc
+2265 "geond säl swingeð,      ne se swifta mearh
+     "burh-stede beáteð.      Bealo-cwealm hafað
+     "fela feorh-cynna      feorr onsended!"
+     Swâ giômor-môd      giohðo mænde,
+     ân äfter eallum      unblîðe hweóp,
+2270 däges and nihtes,      ôð þät deáðes wylm
+     hrân ät heortan.      Hord-wynne fond
+     eald uht-sceaða      opene standan,
+     se þe byrnende      biorgas sêceð
+     nacod nîð-draca,      nihtes fleógeð
+2275 fýre befangen;      hyne fold-bûend
+     wîde gesâwon.      He gewunian sceall
+     hlâw under hrusan,      þær he hæðen gold
+     warað wintrum frôd;      ne byð him wihte þê sêl.
+     Swâ se þeód-sceaða      þreó hund wintra
+2280 heóld on hrusan      hord-ärna sum
+     eácen-cräftig,      ôð þät hyne ân âbealh
+     mon on môde:      man-dryhtne bär
+     fäted wæge,      frioðo-wære bäd
+     hlâford sînne.      Þâ wäs hord râsod,
+2285 onboren beága hord,      bêne getîðad
+     feá-sceaftum men.      Freá sceáwode
+     fira fyrn-geweorc      forman sîðe.
+     Þâ se wyrm onwôc,      wrôht wäs geniwad;
+     stonc þâ äfter stâne,      stearc-heort onfand
+2290 feóndes fôt-lâst;      he tô forð gestôp,
+     dyrnan cräfte,      dracan heáfde neáh.
+     Swâ mäg unfæge      eáðe gedîgan
+     weán and wräc-sîð,      se þe waldendes
+     hyldo gehealdeð.      Hord-weard sôhte
+2295 georne äfter grunde,      wolde guman findan,
+     þone þe him on sweofote      sâre geteóde:
+     hât and hreóh-môd      hlæw oft ymbe hwearf,
+     ealne ûtan-weardne;      ne þær ænig mon
+     wäs on þære wêstenne.      Hwäðre hilde gefeh,
+2300 beado-weorces:      hwîlum on beorh äthwearf,
+     sinc-fät sôhte;      he þät sôna onfand,
+     þät häfde gumena sum      goldes gefandod
+     heáh-gestreóna.      Hord-weard onbâd
+     earfoðlîce,      ôð þät æfen cwom;
+2305 wäs þâ gebolgen      beorges hyrde,
+     wolde se lâða      lîge forgyldan
+     drinc-fät dýre.      Þâ wäs däg sceacen
+     wyrme on willan,      nô on wealle leng
+     bîdan wolde,      ac mid bæle fôr,
+2310 fýre gefýsed.      Wäs se fruma egeslîc
+     leódum on lande,      swâ hyt lungre wearð
+     on hyra sinc-gifan      sâre geendod.
+
+
+XXXIII. BEOWULF RESOLVES TO KILL THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     Þâ se gäst ongan      glêdum spîwan,
+     beorht hofu bärnan;      bryne-leóma stôd
+2315 eldum on andan;      nô þær âht cwices
+     lâð lyft-floga      læfan wolde.
+     Wäs þäs wyrmes wîg      wîde gesýne,
+     nearo-fâges nîð      neán and feorran,
+     hû se gûð-sceaða      Geáta leóde
+2320 hatode and hýnde:      hord eft gesceát,
+     dryht-sele dyrnne      ær däges hwîle.
+     Häfde land-wara      lîge befangen,
+     bæle and bronde;      beorges getrûwode,
+     wîges and wealles:      him seó wên geleáh.
+2325 Þâ wäs Biówulfe      brôga gecýðed
+     snûde tô sôðe,      þät his sylfes him
+     bolda sêlest      bryne-wylmum mealt,
+     gif-stôl Geáta.      Þät þam gôdan wäs
+     hreów on hreðre,      hyge-sorga mæst:
+2330 wênde se wîsa,      þät he wealdende,
+     ofer ealde riht,      êcean dryhtne
+     bitre gebulge:      breóst innan weóll
+     þeóstrum geþoncum,      swâ him geþýwe ne wäs.
+     Häfde lîg-draca      leóda fästen,
+2335 eá-lond ûtan,      eorð-weard þone
+     glêdum forgrunden.      Him þäs gûð-cyning,
+     Wedera þióden,      wräce leornode.
+     Hêht him þâ gewyrcean      wîgendra hleó
+     eall-îrenne,      eorla dryhten
+2340 wîg-bord wrätlîc;      wisse he gearwe,
+     þät him holt-wudu      helpan ne meahte,
+     lind wið lîge.      Sceolde læn-daga
+     äðeling ær-gôd      ende gebîdan
+     worulde lîfes      and se wyrm somod;
+2345 þeáh þe hord-welan      heólde lange.
+     Oferhogode þâ      hringa fengel,
+     þät he þone wîd-flogan      weorode gesôhte,
+     sîdan herge;      nô he him þâ säcce ondrêd,
+     ne him þäs wyrmes wîg      for wiht dyde,
+2350 eafoð and ellen;      forþon he ær fela
+     nearo nêðende      nîða gedîgde,
+     hilde-hlemma,      syððan he Hrôðgâres,
+     sigor-eádig secg,      sele fælsode
+     and ät gûðe forgrâp      Grendeles mægum,
+2355 lâðan cynnes.      Nô þät läsest wäs
+     hond-gemota,      þær mon Hygelâc slôh,
+     syððan Geáta cyning      gûðe ræsum,
+     freá-wine folces      Freslondum on,
+     Hrêðles eafora      hioro-dryncum swealt,
+2360 bille gebeáten;      þonan Biówulf com
+     sylfes cräfte,      sund-nytte dreáh;
+     + häfde him on earme      ... XXX
+     hilde-geatwa,      þâ he tô holme stâg.
+     Nealles Hetware      hrêmge þorfton
+2365 fêðe-wîges,      þe him foran ongeán
+     linde bæron:      lyt eft becwom
+     fram þam hild-frecan      hâmes niósan.
+     Oferswam þâ sióleða bigong      sunu Ecgþeówes,
+     earm ân-haga      eft tô leódum,
+2370 þær him Hygd gebeád      hord and rîce,
+     beágas and brego-stôl:      bearne ne trûwode,
+     þät he wið äl-fylcum      êðel-stôlas
+     healdan cûðe,      þâ wäs Hygelâc deád.
+     Nô þý ær feá-sceafte      findan meahton
+2375 ät þam äðelinge      ænige þinga,
+     þät he Heardrêde      hlâford wære,
+     oððe þone cyne-dôm      ciósan wolde;
+     hwäðre he him on folce      freónd-lârum heóld,
+     êstum mid âre,      ôð þät he yldra wearð,
+2380 Weder-Geátum weóld.      Hyne wräc-mäcgas
+     ofer sæ sôhtan,      suna Ôhteres:
+     häfdon hy forhealden      helm Scylfinga,
+     þone sêlestan      sæ-cyninga,
+     þâra þe in Swió-rîce      sinc brytnade,
+2385 mærne þeóden.      Him þät tô mearce wearð;
+     he þær orfeorme      feorh-wunde hleát
+     sweordes swengum,      sunu Hygelâces;
+     and him eft gewât      Ongenþiówes bearn
+     hâmes niósan,      syððan Heardrêd läg;
+2390 lêt þone brego-stôl      Biówulf healdan,
+     Geátum wealdan:      þät wäs gôd cyning.
+
+
+XXXIV. RETROSPECT OF BEÓWULF.--STRIFE BETWEEN SWEONAS AND GEATAS.
+
+     Se þäs leód-hryres      leán gemunde
+     uferan dôgrum,      Eádgilse wearð
+     feá-sceaftum feónd.      Folce gestepte
+2395 ofer sæ sîde      sunu Ôhteres
+     wîgum and wæpnum:      he gewräc syððan
+     cealdum cear-sîðum,      cyning ealdre bineát.
+     Swâ he nîða gehwane      genesen häfde,
+     slîðra geslyhta,      sunu Ecgþiówes,
+2400 ellen-weorca,      ôð þone ânne däg,
+     þe he wið þam wyrme      gewegan sceolde.
+     Gewât þâ twelfa sum      torne gebolgen
+     dryhten Geáta      dracan sceáwian;
+     häfde þâ gefrunen,      hwanan sió fæhð ârâs,
+2405 bealo-nîð biorna;      him tô bearme cwom
+     mâððum-fät mære      þurh þäs meldan hond,
+     Se wäs on þam þreáte      þreotteoða secg,
+     se þäs orleges      ôr onstealde,
+     häft hyge-giômor,      sceolde heán þonon
+2410 wong wîsian:      he ofer willan gióng
+     tô þäs þe he eorð-sele      ânne wisse,
+     hlæw under hrusan      holm-wylme nêh,
+     ýð-gewinne,      se wäs innan full
+     wrätta and wîra:      weard unhióre,
+2415 gearo gûð-freca,      gold-mâðmas heóld,
+     eald under eorðan;      näs þät ýðe ceáp,
+     tô gegangenne      gumena ænigum.
+     Gesät þâ on nässe      nîð-heard cyning,
+     þenden hælo âbeád      heorð-geneátum
+2420 gold-wine Geáta:      him wäs geômor sefa,
+     wäfre and wäl-fûs,      Wyrd ungemete neáh,
+     se þone gomelan      grêtan sceolde,
+     sêcean sâwle hord,      sundur gedælan
+     lîf wið lîce:      nô þon lange wäs
+2425 feorh äðelinges      flæsce bewunden.
+     Biówulf maðelade,      bearn Ecgþeówes:
+     "Fela ic on giogoðe      guð-ræsa genäs,
+     "orleg-hwîla:      ic þät eall gemon.
+     "Ic wäs syfan-wintre,      þâ mec sinca baldor,
+2430 "freá-wine folca      ät mînum fäder genam,
+     "heóld mec and häfde      Hrêðel cyning,
+     "geaf me sinc and symbel,      sibbe gemunde;
+     "näs ic him tô lîfe      lâðra ôwihte
+     "beorn in burgum,      þonne his bearna hwylc,
+2435 "Herebeald and Hæðcyn,      oððe Hygelâc mîn.
+     "Wäs þam yldestan      ungedêfelîce
+     "mæges dædum      morðor-bed strêd,
+     "syððan hyne Hæðcyn      of horn-bogan,
+     "his freá-wine      flâne geswencte,
+2440 "miste mercelses      and his mæg ofscêt,
+     "brôðor ôðerne,      blôdigan gâre:
+     "þät wäs feoh-leás gefeoht,      fyrenum gesyngad
+     "hreðre hyge-mêðe;      sceolde hwäðre swâ þeáh
+     "äðeling unwrecen      ealdres linnan.
+2445 "Swâ bið geômorlîc      gomelum ceorle
+     "tô gebîdanne,      þät his byre rîde
+     "giong on galgan,      þonne he gyd wrece,
+     "sârigne sang,      þonne his sunu hangað
+     "hrefne tô hrôðre      and he him helpe ne mäg,
+2450 "eald and in-frôd,      ænige gefremman.
+     "Symble bið gemyndgad      morna gehwylce
+     "eaforan ellor-sîð;      ôðres ne gýmeð
+     "tô gebîdanne      burgum on innan
+     "yrfe-weardes,      þonne se ân hafað
+2455 "þurh deáðes nýd      dæda gefondad.
+     "Gesyhð sorh-cearig      on his suna bûre
+     "wîn-sele wêstne,      wind-gereste,
+     "reóte berofene;      rîdend swefað
+     "häleð in hoðman;      nis þær hearpan swêg,
+2460 "gomen in geardum,      swylce þær iú wæron.
+
+
+XXXV. MEMORIES OF PAST TIME.--THE FEUD WITH THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     "Gewîteð þonne on sealman,      sorh-leóð gäleð
+     "ân äfter ânum:      þûhte him eall tô rûm,
+     "wongas and wîc-stede.      Swâ Wedra helm
+     "äfter Herebealde      heortan sorge
+2465 "weallende wäg,      wihte ne meahte
+     "on þam feorh-bonan      fæhðe gebêtan:
+     "nô þý ær he þone heaðo-rinc      hatian ne meahte
+     "lâðum dædum,      þeáh him leóf ne wäs.
+     "He þâ mid þære sorge,      þe him sió sâr belamp,
+2470 "gum-dreám ofgeaf,      godes leóht geceás;
+     "eaferum læfde,      swâ dêð eádig mon,
+     "lond and leód-byrig,      þâ he of lîfe gewât.
+     "Þâ wäs synn and sacu      Sweona and Geáta,
+     "ofer wîd wäter      wrôht gemæne,
+2175 "here-nîð hearda,      syððan Hrêðel swealt,
+     "oððe him Ongenþeówes      eaferan wæran
+     "frome fyrd-hwate,      freóde ne woldon
+     "ofer heafo healdan,      ac ymb Hreosna-beorh
+     "eatolne inwit-scear      oft gefremedon.
+2480 "Þät mæg-wine      mîne gewræcan,
+     "fæhðe and fyrene,      swâ hyt gefræge wäs,
+     "þeáh þe ôðer hit      ealdre gebohte,
+     "heardan ceápe:      Hæðcynne wearð,
+     "Geáta dryhtne,      gûð onsæge.
+2485 "Þâ ic on morgne gefrägn      mæg ôðerne
+     "billes ecgum      on bonan stælan,
+     "þær Ongenþeów      Eofores niósade:
+     "gûð-helm tôglâd,      gomela Scylfing
+     "hreás heoro-blâc;      hond gemunde
+2490 "fæhðo genôge,      feorh-sweng ne ofteáh.
+     "Ic him þâ mâðmas,      þe he me sealde,
+     "geald ät gûðe,      swâ me gifeðe wäs,
+     "leóhtan sweorde:      he me lond forgeaf,
+     "eard êðel-wyn.      Näs him ænig þearf,
+2495 "þät he tô Gifðum      oððe tô Gâr-Denum
+     "oððe in Swió-rîce      sêcean þurfe
+     "wyrsan wîg-frecan,      weorðe gecýpan;
+     "symle ic him on fêðan      beforan wolde,
+     "âna on orde,      and swâ tô aldre sceall
+2500 "säcce fremman,      þenden þis sweord þolað,
+     "þät mec ær and sîð      oft gelæste,
+     "syððan ic for dugeðum      Däghrefne wearð
+     "tô hand-bonan,      Hûga cempan:
+     "nalles he þâ frätwe      Fres-cyninge,
+2505 "breóst-weorðunge      bringan môste,
+     "ac in campe gecrong      cumbles hyrde,
+     "äðeling on elne.      Ne wäs ecg bona,
+     "ac him hilde-grâp      heortan wylmas,
+     "bân-hûs gebräc.      Nu sceall billes ecg,
+2510 "hond and heard sweord      ymb hord wîgan."
+     Beówulf maðelode,      beót-wordum spräc
+     niéhstan sîðe:      "Ic genêðde fela
+     "gûða on geogoðe;      gyt ic wylle,
+     "frôd folces weard,      fæhðe sêcan,
+2515 "mærðum fremman,      gif mec se mân-sceaða
+     "of eorð-sele      ût gesêceð!"
+     Gegrêtte þâ      gumena gehwylcne,
+     hwate helm-berend      hindeman sîðe,
+     swæse gesîðas:      "Nolde ic sweord beran,
+2520 "wæpen tô wyrme,      gif ic wiste hû
+     "wið þam aglæcean      elles meahte
+     "gylpe wiðgrîpan,      swâ ic gió wið Grendle dyde;
+     "ac ic þær heaðu-fýres      hâtes wêne,
+     "rêðes and-hâttres:      forþon ic me on hafu
+2525 "bord and byrnan.      Nelle ic beorges weard
+     "oferfleón fôtes trem,      feónd unhýre,
+     "ac unc sceal weorðan ät wealle,      swâ unc Wyrd geteóð,
+     "metod manna gehwäs.      Ic eom on môde from,
+     "þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan      gylp ofersitte.
+2530 "Gebîde ge on beorge      byrnum werede,
+     "secgas on searwum,      hwäðer sêl mæge
+     "äfter wäl-ræse      wunde gedýgan
+     "uncer twega.      Nis þät eówer sîð,
+     "ne gemet mannes,      nefne mîn ânes,
+2535 "þät he wið aglæcean      eofoðo dæle,
+     "eorl-scype efne.      Ic mid elne sceall
+     "gold gegangan      oððe gûð nimeð,
+     "feorh-bealu frêcne,      freán eówerne!"
+     Ârâs þâ bî ronde      rôf oretta,
+2540 heard under helm,      hioro-sercean bär
+     under stân-cleofu,      strengo getrûwode
+     ânes mannes:      ne bið swylc earges sîð.
+     Geseah þâ be wealle,      se þe worna fela,
+     gum-cystum gôd,      gûða gedîgde,
+2545 hilde-hlemma,      þonne hnitan fêðan,
+     (stôd on stân-bogan)      streám ût þonan
+     brecan of beorge;      wäs þære burnan wälm
+     heaðo-fýrum hât:      ne meahte horde neáh
+     unbyrnende      ænige hwîle
+2550 deóp gedýgan      for dracan lêge.
+     Lêt þâ of breóstum,      þâ he gebolgen wäs,
+     Weder-Geáta leód      word ût faran,
+     stearc-heort styrmde;      stefn in becom
+     heaðo-torht hlynnan      under hârne stân.
+2555 Hete wäs onhrêred,      hord-weard oncniów
+     mannes reorde;      näs þær mâra fyrst,
+     freóde tô friclan.      From ærest cwom
+     oruð aglæcean      ût of stâne,
+     hât hilde-swât;      hruse dynede.
+2560 Biorn under beorge      bord-rand onswâf
+     wið þam gryre-gieste,      Geáta dryhten:
+     þâ wäs hring-bogan      heorte gefýsed
+     säcce tô sêceanne.      Sweord ær gebräd
+     gôd gûð-cyning      gomele lâfe,
+2565 ecgum ungleáw,      æghwäðrum wäs
+     bealo-hycgendra      brôga fram ôðrum.
+     Stîð-môd gestôd      wið steápne rond
+     winia bealdor,      þâ se wyrm gebeáh
+     snûde tôsomne:      he on searwum bâd.
+2570 Gewât þâ byrnende      gebogen scrîðan tô,
+     gescîfe scyndan.      Scyld wel gebearg
+     lîfe and lîce      lässan hwîle
+     mærum þeódne,      þonne his myne sôhte,
+     þær he þý fyrste      forman dôgore
+2575 wealdan môste,      swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf
+     hrêð ät hilde.      Hond up âbräd
+     Geáta dryhten,      gryre-fâhne slôh
+     incge lâfe,      þät sió ecg gewâc
+     brûn on bâne,      bât unswîðor,
+2580 þonne his þiód-cyning      þearfe häfde,
+     bysigum gebæded.      Þâ wäs beorges weard
+     äfter heaðu-swenge      on hreóum môde,
+     wearp wäl-fýre,      wîde sprungon
+     hilde-leóman:      hrêð-sigora ne gealp
+2585 gold-wine Geáta,      gûð-bill geswâc
+     nacod ät nîðe,      swâ hyt nô sceolde,
+     îren ær-gôd.      Ne wäs þät êðe sîð,
+     þät se mæra      maga Ecgþeówes
+     grund-wong þone      ofgyfan wolde;
+2590 sceolde wyrmes willan      wîc eardian
+     elles hwergen,      swâ sceal æghwylc mon
+     âlætan læn-dagas.      Näs þâ long tô þon,
+     þät þâ aglæcean      hy eft gemêtton.
+     Hyrte hyne hord-weard,      hreðer æðme weóll,
+2595 niwan stefne:      nearo þrowode
+     fýre befongen      se þe ær folce weóld.
+     Nealles him on heápe      hand-gesteallan,
+     äðelinga bearn      ymbe gestôdon
+     hilde-cystum,      ac hy on holt bugon,
+2600 ealdre burgan.      Hiora in ânum weóll
+     sefa wið sorgum:      sibb æfre ne mäg
+     wiht onwendan,      þam þe wel þenceð.
+
+
+XXXVI. WIGLAF HELPS BEÓWULF IN THE FEUD.
+
+     Wîglâf wäs hâten      Weoxstânes sunu,
+     leóflîc lind-wiga,      leód Scylfinga,
+2605 mæg Älfheres:      geseah his mon-dryhten
+     under here-grîman      hât þrowian.
+     Gemunde þâ þâ âre,      þe he him ær forgeaf
+     wîc-stede weligne      Wægmundinga,
+     folc-rihta gehwylc,      swâ his fäder âhte;
+2610 ne mihte þâ forhabban,      hond rond gefêng,
+     geolwe linde,      gomel swyrd geteáh,
+     þät wäs mid eldum      Eánmundes lâf,
+     suna Ôhteres,      þam ät säcce wearð
+     wracu wine-leásum      Weohstânes bana
+2615 mêces ecgum,      and his mâgum ätbär
+     brûn-fâgne helm,      hringde byrnan,
+     eald sweord eotonisc,      þät him Onela forgeaf,
+     his gädelinges      gûð-gewædu,
+     fyrd-searo fûslîc:      nô ymbe þâ fæhðe spräc,
+2620 þeáh þe he his brôðor      bearn âbredwade.
+     He frätwe geheóld      fela missera,
+     bill and byrnan,      ôð þät his byre mihte
+     eorl-scipe efnan,      swâ his ær-fäder;
+     geaf him þâ mid Geátum      gûð-gewæda
+2625 æghwäs unrîm;      þâ he of ealdre gewât,
+     frôd on forð-weg.      Þâ wäs forma sîð
+     geongan cempan,      þät he gûðe ræs
+     mid his freó-dryhtne      fremman sceolde;
+     ne gemealt him se môd-sefa,      ne his mæges lâf
+2630 gewâc ät wîge:      þät se wyrm onfand,
+     syððan hie tôgädre      gegân häfdon.
+     Wîglâf maðelode      word-rihta fela,
+     sägde gesîðum,      him wäs sefa geômor:
+     "Ic þät mæl geman,      þær we medu þêgun,
+2635 "þonne we gehêton      ûssum hlâforde
+     "in biór-sele,      þe ûs þâs beágas geaf,
+     "þät we him þâ gûð-geatwa      gyldan woldon,
+     "gif him þyslîcu      þearf gelumpe,
+     "helmas and heard sweord:      þê he ûsic on herge geceás
+2640 "tô þyssum sîð-fate      sylfes willum,
+     "onmunde ûsic mærða      and me þâs mâðmas geaf,
+     "þê he ûsic gâr-wîgend      gôde tealde,
+     "hwate helm-berend,      þeáh þe hlâford ûs
+     "þis ellen-weorc      âna âþôhte
+2645 "tô gefremmanne,      folces hyrde,
+     "forþam he manna mæst      mærða gefremede,
+     "dæda dollîcra.      Nu is se däg cumen,
+     "þät ûre man-dryhten      mägenes behôfað
+     "gôdra gûð-rinca:      wutun gangan tô,
+2650 "helpan hild-fruman,      þenden hyt sý,
+     "glêd-egesa grim!      God wât on mec,
+     "þät me is micle leófre,      þät mînne lîc-haman
+     "mid mînne gold-gyfan      glêd fäðmie.
+     "Ne þynceð me gerysne,      þät we rondas beren
+2655 "eft tô earde,      nemne we æror mægen
+     "fâne gefyllan,      feorh ealgian
+     "Wedra þiódnes.      Ic wât geare,
+     "þät næron eald-gewyrht,      þät he âna scyle
+     "Geáta duguðe      gnorn þrowian,
+2660 "gesîgan ät säcce:      sceal ûrum þät sweord and helm,
+     "byrne and byrdu-scrûd      bâm gemæne."
+     Wôd þâ þurh þone wäl-rêc,      wîg-heafolan bär
+     freán on fultum,      feá worda cwäð:
+     "Leófa Biówulf,      læst eall tela,
+2665 "swâ þu on geoguð-feore      geâra gecwæde,
+     "þät þu ne âlæte      be þe lifigendum
+     "dôm gedreósan:      scealt nu dædum rôf,
+     "äðeling ân-hydig,      ealle mägene
+     "feorh ealgian;      ic þe fullæstu!"
+2670 Äfter þâm wordum      wyrm yrre cwom,
+     atol inwit-gäst      ôðre sîðe,
+     fýr-wylmum fâh      fiónda niósan,
+     lâðra manna;      lîg-ýðum forborn
+     bord wið ronde:      byrne ne meahte
+2675 geongum gâr-wigan      geóce gefremman:
+     ac se maga geonga      under his mæges scyld
+     elne geeode,      þâ his âgen wäs
+     glêdum forgrunden.      Þâ gen gûð-cyning
+     mærða gemunde,      mägen-strengo,
+2680 slôh hilde-bille,      þät hyt on heafolan stôd
+     nîðe genýded:      Nägling forbärst,
+     geswâc ät säcce      sweord Biówulfes
+     gomol and græg-mæl.      Him þät gifeðe ne wäs,
+     þät him îrenna      ecge mihton
+2685 helpan ät hilde;      wäs sió hond tô strong,
+     se þe mêca gehwane      mîne gefræge
+     swenge ofersôhte,      þonne he tô säcce bär
+     wæpen wundrum heard,      näs him wihte þê sêl.
+     Þâ wäs þeód-sceaða      þriddan sîðe,
+2690 frêcne fýr-draca      fæhða gemyndig,
+     ræsde on þone rôfan,      þâ him rûm âgeald,
+     hât and heaðo-grim,      heals ealne ymbefêng
+     biteran bânum;      he geblôdegod wearð
+     sâwul-drióre;      swât ýðum weóll.
+
+
+XXXVII. BEÓWULF WOUNDED TO DEATH.
+
+2695 Þâ ic ät þearfe gefrägn      þeód-cyninges
+     and-longne eorl      ellen cýðan,
+     cräft and cênðu,      swâ him gecynde wäs;
+     ne hêdde he þäs heafolan,      ac sió hand gebarn
+     môdiges mannes,      þær he his mæges healp,
+2700 þät he þone nîð-gäst      nioðor hwêne slôh,
+     secg on searwum,      þät þät sweord gedeáf
+     fâh and fäted,      þät þät fýr ongon
+     sweðrian syððan.      Þâ gen sylf cyning
+     geweóld his gewitte,      wäll-seaxe gebräd,
+2705 biter and beadu-scearp,      þät he on byrnan wäg:
+     forwrât Wedra helm       wyrm on middan.
+     Feónd gefyldan      (ferh ellen wräc),
+     and hi hyne þâ begen      âbroten häfdon,
+     sib-äðelingas:      swylc sceolde secg wesan,
+2710 þegn ät þearfe.      Þät þam þeódne wäs
+     sîðast sîge-hwîle      sylfes dædum,
+     worlde geweorces.      Þâ sió wund ongon,
+     þe him se eorð-draca      ær geworhte,
+     swêlan and swellan.      He þät sôna onfand,
+2715 þät him on breóstum      bealo-nîð weóll,
+     âttor on innan.      Þâ se äðeling gióng,
+     þät he bî wealle,      wîs-hycgende,
+     gesät on sesse;      seah on enta geweorc,
+     hû þâ stân-bogan      stapulum fäste
+2720 êce eorð-reced      innan heóldon.
+     Hyne þâ mid handa      heoro-dreórigne
+     þeóden mærne      þegn ungemete till,
+     wine-dryhten his      wätere gelafede,
+     hilde-sädne      and his helm onspeón.
+2725 Biówulf maðelode,      he ofer benne spräc,
+     wunde wäl-bleáte      (wisse he gearwe,
+     þät he däg-hwîla      gedrogen häfde
+     eorðan wynne;      þâ wäs eall sceacen
+     dôgor-gerîmes,      deáð ungemete neáh):
+2730 "Nu ic suna mînum      syllan wolde
+     "gûð-gewædu,      þær me gifeðe swâ
+     "ænig yrfe-weard      äfter wurde,
+     "lîce gelenge.      Ic þâs leóde heóld
+     "fîftig wintra:      näs se folc-cyning
+2735 "ymbe-sittendra      ænig þâra,
+     "þe mec gûð-winum      grêtan dorste,
+     "egesan þeón.      Ic on earde bâd
+     "mæl-gesceafta,      heóld mîn tela,
+     "ne sôhte searo-nîðas,      ne me swôr fela
+2740 "âða on unriht.      Ic þäs ealles mäg,
+     "feorh-bennum seóc,      gefeán habban:
+     "forþam me wîtan ne þearf      waldend fira
+     "morðor-bealo mâga,      þonne mîn sceaceð
+     "lîf of lîce.      Nu þu lungre
+2745 "geong, hord sceáwian      under hârne stân,
+     "Wîglâf leófa,      nu se wyrm ligeð,
+     "swefeð sâre wund,      since bereáfod.
+     "Bió nu on ôfoste,      þät ic ær-welan,
+     "gold-æht ongite,      gearo sceáwige
+2750 "swegle searo-gimmas,      þät ic þý sêft mæge
+     "äfter mâððum-welan      mîn âlætan
+     "lîf and leód-scipe,      þone ic longe heóld."
+
+
+XXXVIII. THE JEWEL-HOARD. THE PASSING OF BEOWULF.
+
+     Þâ ic snûde gefrägn      sunu Wihstânes
+     äfter word-cwydum      wundum dryhtne
+2755 hýran heaðo-siócum,      hring-net beran,
+     brogdne beadu-sercean      under beorges hrôf.
+     Geseah þâ sige-hrêðig,      þâ he bî sesse geóng,
+     mago-þegn môdig      mâððum-sigla fela,
+     gold glitinian      grunde getenge,
+2760 wundur on wealle      and þäs wyrmes denn,
+     ealdes uht-flogan,      orcas stondan,
+     fyrn-manna fatu      feormend-leáse,
+     hyrstum behrorene:      þær wäs helm monig,
+     eald and ômig,      earm-beága fela,
+2765 searwum gesæled.      Sinc eáðe mäg,
+     gold on grunde,      gumena cynnes
+     gehwone ofer-higian,      hýde se þe wylle!
+     Swylce he siomian geseah      segn eall-gylden
+     heáh ofer horde,      hond-wundra mæst,
+2770 gelocen leoðo-cräftum:      of þam leóma stôd,
+     þät he þone grund-wong      ongitan meahte,
+     wräte giond-wlîtan.      Näs þäs wyrmes þær
+     onsýn ænig,      ac hyne ecg fornam.
+     Þâ ic on hlæwe      gefrägn hord reáfian,
+2775 eald enta geweorc      ânne mannan,
+     him on bearm hladan      bunan and discas
+     sylfes dôme,      segn eác genom,
+     beácna beorhtost;      bill ær-gescôd
+     (ecg wäs îren)      eald-hlâfordes
+2780 þam þâra mâðma      mund-bora wäs
+     longe hwîle,      lîg-egesan wäg
+     hâtne for horde,      hioro-weallende,
+     middel-nihtum,      ôð þät he morðre swealt.
+     Âr wäs on ôfoste      eft-sîðes georn,
+2785 frätwum gefyrðred:      hyne fyrwet bräc,
+     hwäðer collen-ferð      cwicne gemêtte
+     in þam wong-stede      Wedra þeóden,
+     ellen-siócne,      þær he hine ær forlêt.
+     He þâ mid þâm mâðmum      mærne þióden,
+2790 dryhten sînne      driórigne fand
+     ealdres ät ende:      he hine eft ongon
+     wäteres weorpan,      ôð þät wordes ord
+     breóst-hord þurhbräc.      Beówulf maðelode,
+     gomel on giohðe      (gold sceáwode):
+2795 "Ic þâra frätwa      freán ealles þanc
+     "wuldur-cyninge      wordum secge,
+     "êcum dryhtne,      þe ic her on starie,
+     "þäs þe ic môste      mînum leódum
+     "ær swylt-däge      swylc gestrýnan.
+2800 "Nu ic on mâðma hord      mîne bebohte
+     "frôde feorh-lege,      fremmað ge nu
+     "leóda þearfe;      ne mäg ic her leng wesan.
+     "Hâtað heaðo-mære      hlæw gewyrcean,
+     "beorhtne äfter bæle      ät brimes nosan;
+2805 "se scel tô gemyndum      mînum leódum
+     "heáh hlifian      on Hrones nässe,
+     "þät hit sæ-lîðend      syððan hâtan
+     "Biówulfes biorh,      þâ þe brentingas
+     "ofer flôda genipu      feorran drîfað."
+2810 Dyde him of healse      hring gyldenne
+     þióden þrîst-hydig,      þegne gesealde,
+     geongum gâr-wigan,      gold-fâhne helm,
+     beáh and byrnan,      hêt hyne brûcan well:
+     "Þu eart ende-lâf      ûsses cynnes,
+2815 "Wægmundinga;      ealle Wyrd forsweóf,
+     "mîne mâgas      tô metod-sceafte,
+     "eorlas on elne:      ic him äfter sceal."
+     Þät wäs þam gomelan      gingeste word
+     breóst-gehygdum,      ær he bæl cure,
+2820 hâte heaðo-wylmas:      him of hreðre gewât
+     sâwol sêcean      sôð-fästra dôm.
+
+
+XXXIX. THE COWARD-THANES.
+
+     Þâ wäs gegongen      guman unfrôdum
+     earfoðlîce,      þät he on eorðan geseah
+     þone leófestan      lîfes ät ende
+2825 bleáte gebæran.      Bona swylce läg,
+     egeslîc eorð-draca,      ealdre bereáfod,
+     bealwe gebæded:      beáh-hordum leng
+     wyrm woh-bogen      wealdan ne môste,
+     ac him îrenna      ecga fornâmon,
+2830 hearde heaðo-scearpe      homera lâfe,
+     þät se wîd-floga      wundum stille
+     hreás on hrusan      hord-ärne neáh,
+     nalles äfter lyfte      lâcende hwearf
+     middel-nihtum,      mâðm-æhta wlonc
+2835 ansýn ýwde:      ac he eorðan gefeóll
+     for þäs hild-fruman      hond-geweorce.
+     Hûru þät on lande      lyt manna þâh
+     mägen-âgendra      mîne gefræge,
+     þeáh þe he dæda gehwäs      dyrstig wære,
+2840 þät he wið âttor-sceaðan      oreðe geræsde,
+     oððe hring-sele      hondum styrede,
+     gif he wäccende      weard onfunde
+     bûan on beorge.      Biówulfe wearð
+     dryht-mâðma dæl      deáðe forgolden;
+2845 häfde æghwäðer      ende gefêred
+     lænan lîfes.      Näs þâ lang tô þon,
+     þät þâ hild-latan      holt ofgêfan,
+     tydre treów-logan      tyne ätsomne,
+     þâ ne dorston ær      dareðum lâcan
+2850 on hyra man-dryhtnes      miclan þearfe;
+     ac hy scamiende      scyldas bæran,
+     gûð-gewædu,      þær se gomela läg:
+     wlitan on Wîglâf.      He gewêrgad sät,
+     fêðe-cempa      freán eaxlum neáh,
+2855 wehte hyne wätre;      him wiht ne speów;
+     ne meahte he on eorðan,      þeáh he ûðe wel,
+     on þam frum-gâre      feorh gehealdan,
+     ne þäs wealdendes willan      wiht oncirran;
+     wolde dôm godes      dædum rædan
+2860 gumena gehwylcum,      swâ he nu gen dêð.
+     Þâ wäs ät þam geongan      grim andswaru
+     êð-begête þâm þe ær      his elne forleás.
+     Wîglâf maðelode,      Weohstânes sunu,
+     secg sârig-ferð      seah on unleófe:
+2865 "Þät lâ mäg secgan,      se þe wyle sôð sprecan,
+     "þät se mon-dryhten,      se eów þâ mâðmas geaf,
+     "eóred-geatwe,      þe ge þær on standað,
+     "þonne he on ealu-bence      oft gesealde
+     "heal-sittendum      helm and byrnan,
+2870 "þeóden his þegnum,      swylce he þryðlîcost
+     "ôhwær feor oððe neáh      findan meahte,
+     "þät he genunga      gûð-gewædu
+     "wrâðe forwurpe.      Þâ hyne wîg beget,
+     "nealles folc-cyning      fyrd-gesteallum
+2875 "gylpan þorfte;      hwäðre him god ûðe,
+     "sigora waldend,      þät he hyne sylfne gewräc
+     "âna mid ecge,      þâ him wäs elnes þearf,
+     "Ic him lîf-wraðe      lytle meahte
+     "ätgifan ät gûðe      and ongan swâ þeáh
+2880 "ofer mîn gemet      mæges helpan:
+     "symle wäs þý sæmra,      þonne ic sweorde drep
+     "ferhð-genîðlan,      fýr unswîðor
+     "weóll of gewitte.      Wergendra tô lyt
+     "þrong ymbe þeóden,      þâ hyne sió þrag becwom.
+2885 "Nu sceal sinc-þego      and swyrd-gifu
+     "eall êðel-wyn      eówrum cynne,
+     "lufen âlicgean:      lond-rihtes môt
+     "þære mæg-burge      monna æghwylc
+     "îdel hweorfan,      syððan äðelingas
+2890 "feorran gefricgean      fleám eówerne,
+     "dôm-leásan dæd.      Deáð bið sêlla
+     "eorla gehwylcum      þonne edwît-lîf!"
+
+
+XL. THE SOLDIER'S DIRGE AND PROPHECY.
+
+     Hêht þâ þät heaðo-weorc      tô hagan biódan
+     up ofer êg-clif,      þær þät eorl-weorod
+2895 morgen-longne däg      môd-giômor sät,
+     bord-häbbende,      bega on wênum
+     ende-dôgores      and eft-cymes
+     leófes monnes.      Lyt swîgode
+     niwra spella,      se þe näs gerâd,
+2900 ac he sôðlîce      sägde ofer ealle;
+     "Nu is wil-geofa      Wedra leóda,
+     "dryhten Geáta      deáð-bedde fäst,
+     "wunað wäl-reste      wyrmes dædum;
+     "him on efn ligeð      ealdor-gewinna,
+2905 "siex-bennum seóc:      sweorde ne meahte
+     "on þam aglæcean      ænige þinga
+     "wunde gewyrcean.      Wîglâf siteð
+     "ofer Biówulfe,      byre Wihstânes,
+     "eorl ofer ôðrum      unlifigendum,
+2910 "healdeð hige-mêðum      heáfod-wearde
+     "leófes and lâðes.      Nu ys leódum wên
+     "orleg-hwîle,      syððan underne
+     "Froncum and Frysum      fyll cyninges
+     "wîde weorðeð.      Wäs sió wrôht scepen
+2915 "heard wið Hûgas,      syððan Higelâc cwom
+     "faran flot-herge      on Fresna land,
+     "þær hyne Hetware      hilde gehnægdon,
+     "elne geeodon      mid ofer-mägene,
+     "þät se byrn-wîga      bûgan sceolde,
+2920 "feóll on fêðan:      nalles frätwe geaf
+     "ealdor dugoðe;      ûs wäs â syððan
+     "Merewioinga      milts ungyfeðe.
+     "Ne ic tô Sweó-þeóde      sibbe oððe treówe
+     "wihte ne wêne;      ac wäs wîde cûð,
+2925 "þätte Ongenþió      ealdre besnyðede
+     "Hæðcyn Hrêðling      wið Hrefna-wudu,
+     "þâ for on-mêdlan      ærest gesôhton
+     "Geáta leóde      Gûð-scilfingas.
+     "Sôna him se frôda      fäder Ôhtheres,
+2930 "eald and eges-full      ond-slyht âgeaf,
+     "âbreót brim-wîsan,      brýd âheórde,
+     "gomela ió-meowlan      golde berofene,
+     "Onelan môdor      and Ôhtheres,
+     "and þâ folgode      feorh-genîðlan
+2935 "ôð þät hî ôðeodon      earfoðlîce
+     "in Hrefnes-holt      hlâford-leáse.
+     "Besät þâ sin-herge      sweorda lâfe
+     "wundum wêrge,      weán oft gehêt
+     "earmre teohhe      andlonge niht:
+2940 "cwäð he on mergenne      mêces ecgum
+     "getan wolde,      sume on galg-treówum
+     "fuglum tô gamene.      Frôfor eft gelamp
+     "sârig-môdum      somod ær-däge,
+     "syððan hie Hygelâces      horn and býman
+2945 "gealdor ongeâton.      Þâ se gôda com
+     "leóda dugoðe      on lâst faran.
+
+
+XLI. HE TELLS OF THE SWEDES AND THE GEATAS.
+
+     "Wäs sió swât-swaðu      Sweona and Geáta,
+     "wäl-ræs wera      wîde gesýne,
+     "hû þâ folc mid him      fæhðe tôwehton.
+2950 "Gewât him þâ se gôda      mid his gädelingum,
+     "frôd fela geômor      fästen sêcean,
+     "eorl Ongenþió      ufor oncirde;
+     "häfde Higelâces      hilde gefrunen,
+     "wlonces wîg-cräft,      wiðres ne trûwode,
+2955 "þät he sæ-mannum      onsacan mihte,
+     "heáðo-lîðendum      hord forstandan,
+     "bearn and brýde;      beáh eft þonan
+     "eald under eorð-weall.      Þâ wäs æht boden
+     "Sweona leódum,      segn Higelâce.
+2960 "Freoðo-wong þone      forð ofereodon,
+     "syððan Hrêðlingas      tô hagan þrungon.
+     "Þær wearð Ongenþió      ecgum sweorda,
+     "blonden-fexa      on bîd wrecen,
+     "þät se þeód-cyning      þafian sceolde
+2965 "Eofores ânne dôm:      hyne yrringa
+     "Wulf Wonrêding      wæpne geræhte,
+     "þät him for swenge      swât ædrum sprong
+     "forð under fexe.      Näs he forht swâ þêh,
+     "gomela Scilfing,      ac forgeald hraðe
+2970 "wyrsan wrixle      wäl-hlem þone,
+     "syððan þeód-cyning      þyder oncirde:
+     "ne meahte se snella      sunu Wonrêdes
+     "ealdum ceorle      ond-slyht giofan,
+     "ac he him on heáfde      helm ær gescer,
+2975 "þät he blôde fâh      bûgan sceolde,
+     "feóll on foldan;      näs he fæge þâ git,
+     "ac he hyne gewyrpte,      þeáh þe him wund hrîne,
+     "Lêt se hearda      Higelâces þegn
+     "brâdne mêce,      þâ his brôðor läg,
+2980 "eald sweord eotonisc,      entiscne helm,
+     "brecan ofer bord-weal:      þâ gebeáh cyning,
+     "folces hyrde,      wäs in feorh dropen.
+     "Þâ wæron monige,      þe his mæg wriðon,
+     "ricone ârærdon,      þâ him gerýmed wearð,
+2985 "þät hie wäl-stôwe      wealdan môston.
+     "Þenden reáfode      rinc ôðerne,
+     "nam on Ongenþió      îren-byrnan,
+     "heard swyrd hilted      and his helm somod;
+     "hâres hyrste      Higelâce bär.
+2990 "He þâm frätwum fêng      and him fägre gehêt
+     "leána fore leódum      and gelæste swâ:
+     "geald þone gûð-ræs      Geáta dryhten,
+     "Hrêðles eafora,      þâ he tô hâm becom,
+     "Jofore and Wulfe      mid ofer-mâðmum,
+2995 "sealde hiora gehwäðrum      hund þûsenda
+     "landes and locenra beága;      ne þorfte him þâ leán ôðwîtan
+     "mon on middan-gearde,      syððan hie þâ mærða geslôgon;
+     "and þâ Jofore forgeaf      ângan dôhtor,
+     "hâm-weorðunge,      hyldo tô wedde.
+3000 "Þät ys sió fæhðo      and se feónd-scipe,
+     "wäl-nîð wera,      þäs þe ic wên hafo,
+     "þe ûs sêceað tô      Sweona leóde,
+     "syððan hie gefricgeað      freán ûserne
+     "ealdor-leásne,      þone þe ær geheóld
+3005 "wið hettendum      hord and rîce,
+     "äfter häleða hryre      hwate Scylfingas,
+     "folc-ræd fremede      oððe furður gen
+     "eorl-scipe efnde.      Nu is ôfost betost,
+     "þät we þeód-cyning      þær sceáwian
+3010 "and þone gebringan,      þe ûs beágas geaf,
+     "on âd-färe.      Ne scel ânes hwät
+     "meltan mid þam môdigan,      ac þær is mâðma hord.
+     "gold unrîme      grimme geceápod
+     "and nu ät sîðestan      sylfes feore
+3015 "beágas gebohte;      þâ sceal brond fretan,
+     "äled þeccean,      nalles eorl wegan
+     "mâððum tô gemyndum,      ne mägð scýne
+     "habban on healse      hring-weorðunge,
+     "ac sceall geômor-môd      golde bereáfod
+3020 "oft nalles æne      el-land tredan,
+     "nu se here-wîsa      hleahtor âlegde,
+     "gamen and gleó-dreám.      Forþon sceall gâr wesan
+     "monig morgen-ceald      mundum bewunden,
+     "häfen on handa,      nalles hearpan swêg
+3025 "wîgend weccean,      ac se wonna hrefn
+     "fûs ofer fægum,      fela reordian,
+     "earne secgan,      hû him ät æte speów,
+     "þenden he wið wulf      wäl reáfode."
+     Swâ se secg hwata      secgende wäs
+3030 lâðra spella;      he ne leág fela
+     wyrda ne worda.      Weorod eall ârâs,
+     eodon unblîðe      under Earna näs
+     wollen-teáre      wundur sceáwian.
+     Fundon þâ on sande      sâwul-leásne
+3035 hlim-bed healdan,      þone þe him hringas geaf
+     ærran mælum:      þâ wäs ende-däg
+     gôdum gegongen,      þät se gûð-cyning,
+     Wedra þeóden,      wundor-deáðe swealt.
+     Ær hî gesêgan      syllîcran wiht,
+3040 wyrm on wonge      wiðer-rähtes þær
+     lâðne licgean:      wäs se lêg-draca,
+     grimlîc gryre-gäst,      glêdum beswæled,
+     se wäs fîftiges      fôt-gemearces.
+     lang on legere,      lyft-wynne heóld
+3045 nihtes hwîlum,      nyðer eft gewât
+     dennes niósian;      wäs þâ deáðe fäst,
+     häfde eorð-scrafa      ende genyttod.
+     Him big stôdan      bunan and orcas,
+     discas lâgon      and dýre swyrd,
+3050 ômige þurh-etone,      swâ hie wið eorðan fäðm
+     þûsend wintra      þær eardodon:
+     þonne wäs þät yrfe      eácen-cräftig,
+     iú-monna gold      galdre bewunden,
+     þät þam hring-sele      hrînan ne môste
+3055 gumena ænig,      nefne god sylfa,
+     sigora sôð-cyning,      sealde þam þe he wolde
+     (he is manna gehyld)      hord openian,
+     efne swâ hwylcum manna,      swâ him gemet þûhte.
+
+
+XLII. WÎGLAF SPEAKS. THE BUILDING OF THE BALE-FIRE.
+
+     Þâ wäs gesýne,      þät se sîð ne þâh
+3060 þam þe unrihte      inne gehýdde
+     wräte under wealle.      Weard ær ofslôh
+     feára sumne;      þâ sió fæhð gewearð
+     gewrecen wrâðlîce.      Wundur hwâr, þonne
+     eorl ellen-rôf      ende gefêre
+3065 lîf-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne mäg
+     mon mid his mâgum      medu-seld bûan.
+     Swâ wäs Biówulfe,      þâ he biorges weard
+     sôhte, searo-nîðas:      seolfa ne cûðe,
+     þurh hwät his worulde gedâl      weorðan sceolde;
+3070 swâ hit ôð dômes däg      diópe benemdon
+     þeódnas mære,      þâ þät þær dydon,
+     þät se secg wære      synnum scildig,
+     hergum geheaðerod,      hell-bendum fäst,
+     wommum gewitnad,      se þone wong strâde.
+3075 Näs he gold-hwät:      gearwor häfde
+     âgendes êst      ær gesceáwod.
+     Wîglâf maðelode,      Wihstânes sunu:
+     "Oft sceall eorl monig      ânes willan
+     "wræc âdreógan,      swâ ûs geworden is.
+3080 "Ne meahton we gelæran      leófne þeóden,
+     "rîces hyrde      ræd ænigne,
+     "þät he ne grêtte      gold-weard þone,
+     "lête hyne licgean,      þær he longe wäs,
+     "wîcum wunian      ôð woruld-ende.
+3085 "Heóldon heáh gesceap:      hord ys gesceáwod,
+     "grimme gegongen;      wäs þät gifeðe tô swîð,
+     "þe þone þeóden      þyder ontyhte.
+     "Ic wäs þær inne      and þät eall geond-seh,
+     "recedes geatwa,      þâ me gerýmed wäs,
+3090 "nealles swæslîce      sîð âlýfed
+     "inn under eorð-weall.      Ic on ôfoste gefêng
+     "micle mid mundum      mägen-byrðenne
+     "hord-gestreóna,      hider ût ätbär
+     "cyninge mînum:      cwico wäs þâ gena,
+3095 "wîs and gewittig;      worn eall gespräc
+     "gomol on gehðo      and eówic grêtan hêt,
+     "bäd þät ge geworhton      äfter wines dædum
+     "in bæl-stede      beorh þone heán
+     "micelne and mærne,      swâ he manna wäs
+3100 "wîgend weorð-fullost      wîde geond eorðan,
+     "þenden he burh-welan      brûcan môste.
+     "Uton nu êfstan      ôðre sîðe
+     "seón and sêcean      searo-geþräc,
+     "wundur under wealle!      ic eów wîsige,
+3105 "þät ge genôge      neán sceáwiað
+     "beágas and brâd gold.      Sîe sió bær gearo
+     "ädre geäfned,      þonne we ût cymen,
+     "and þonne geferian      freán ûserne,
+     "leófne mannan,      þær he longe sceal
+3110 "on þäs waldendes      wære geþolian."
+     Hêt þâ gebeódan      byre Wihstânes,
+     häle hilde-diór,      häleða monegum
+     bold-âgendra,      þät hie bæl-wudu
+     feorran feredon,      folc-âgende
+3115 gôdum tôgênes:      "Nu sceal glêd fretan
+     "(weaxan wonna lêg)      wîgena strengel,
+     "þone þe oft gebâd      îsern-scûre,
+     "þonne stræla storm,      strengum gebæded,
+     "scôc ofer scild-weall,      sceft nytte heóld,
+3120 "feðer-gearwum fûs      flâne full-eode."
+     Hûru se snotra      sunu Wihstânes
+     âcîgde of corðre      cyninges þegnas
+     syfone tôsomne      þâ sêlestan,
+     eode eahta sum      under inwit-hrôf;
+3125 hilde-rinc sum      on handa bär
+     äled-leóman,      se þe on orde geóng.
+     Näs þâ on hlytme,      hwâ þät hord strude,
+     syððan or-wearde      ænigne dæl
+     secgas gesêgon      on sele wunian,
+3130 læne licgan:      lyt ænig mearn,
+     þät hi ôfostlice      ût geferedon
+     dýre mâðmas;      dracan êc scufun,
+     wyrm ofer weall-clif,      lêton wæg niman,
+     flôd fäðmian      frätwa hyrde.
+3135 Þær wäs wunden gold      on wæn hladen,
+     æghwäs unrîm,      äðeling boren,
+     hâr hilde-rinc      tô Hrones nässe.
+
+
+XLIII. BEÓWULF'S FUNERAL PYRE.
+
+     Him þâ gegiredan      Geáta leóde
+     âd on eorðan      un-wâclîcne,
+3140 helmum behongen,      hilde-bordum,
+     beorhtum byrnum,      swâ he bêna wäs;
+     âlegdon þâ tô-middes      mærne þeóden
+     häleð hiófende,      hlâford leófne.
+     Ongunnon þâ on beorge      bæl-fýra mæst
+3145 wîgend weccan:      wudu-rêc âstâh
+     sweart ofer swioðole,      swôgende lêg,
+     wôpe bewunden      (wind-blond geläg)
+     ôð þät he þâ bân-hûs      gebrocen häfde,
+     hât on hreðre.      Higum unrôte
+3150 môd-ceare mændon      mon-dryhtnes cwealm;
+     swylce giômor-gyd      + lat . con meowle
+     . . . . .      wunden heorde . . .
+     serg (?) cearig sælde      geneahhe
+     þät hio hyre . . . . gas hearde
+3155 . . . . . ede      wälfylla wonn . .
+     hildes egesan      hyðo
+     haf mid      heofon rêce swealh (?)
+     Geworhton þâ      Wedra leóde
+     hlæw on hliðe,      se wäs heáh and brâd,
+3160 wæg-lîðendum      wîde gesýne,
+     and betimbredon      on tyn dagum
+     beadu-rôfes bêcn:      bronda betost
+     wealle beworhton,      swâ hyt weorðlîcost
+     fore-snotre men      findan mihton.
+3165 Hî on beorg dydon      bêg and siglu,
+     eall swylce hyrsta,      swylce on horde ær
+     nîð-hydige men      genumen häfdon;
+     forlêton eorla gestreón      eorðan healdan,
+     gold on greóte,      þær hit nu gen lifað
+3170 eldum swâ unnyt,      swâ hit æror wäs.
+     Þâ ymbe hlæw riodan      hilde-deóre,
+     äðelinga bearn      ealra twelfa,
+     woldon ceare cwîðan,      kyning mænan,
+     word-gyd wrecan      and ymb wer sprecan,
+3175 eahtodan eorl-scipe      and his ellen-weorc
+     duguðum dêmdon,      swâ hit ge-dêfe bið,
+     þät mon his wine-dryhten      wordum hêrge,
+     ferhðum freóge,      þonne he forð scile
+     of lîc-haman      læne weorðan.
+3180 Swâ begnornodon      Geáta leóde
+     hlâfordes hryre,      heorð-geneátas,
+     cwædon þät he wære      woruld-cyning
+     mannum mildust      and mon-þwærust,
+     leódum lîðost      and lof-geornost.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX
+
+
+THE ATTACK IN FINNSBURG. [Footnote: See v. 1069 _seqq._]
+
+     ". . . . . . . . . . . näs byrnað næfre."
+     Hleoðrode þâ      heaðo-geong cyning:
+     "Ne þis ne dagað eástan,      ne her draca ne fleógeð,
+     "ne her þisse healle      hornas ne byrnað,
+5    "ac fêr forð berað      fugelas singað,
+     "gylleð græg-hama,      gûð-wudu hlynneð,
+     "scyld scefte oncwyð.      Nu scýneð þes môna
+     "waðol under wolcnum;      nu ârîsað weá-dæda,
+     "þe þisne folces nîð      fremman willað.
+10   "Ac onwacnigeað nu,      wîgend mîne,
+     "hebbað eówre handa,      hicgeað on ellen,
+     "winnað on orde,      wesað on môde!"
+     Þâ ârâs monig gold-hladen þegn,      gyrde hine his swurde;
+     þâ tô dura eodon      drihtlîce cempan,
+15   Sigeferð and Eaha,      hyra sweord getugon,
+     and ät ôðrum durum      Ordlâf and Gûðlâf,
+     and Hengest sylf;      hwearf him on lâste.
+     Þâ git Gârulf      Gûðere styrode,
+     þät hie swâ freólîc feorh      forman sîðe
+20   tô þære healle durum      hyrsta ne bæran,
+     nu hyt nîða heard      ânyman wolde:
+     ac he frägn ofer eal      undearninga,
+     deór-môd häleð,      hwâ þâ duru heólde.
+     "Sigeferð is mîn nama (cwäð he),      ic eom Secgena leód,
+25   "wrecca wîde cûð.      Fela ic weána gebâd,
+     "heardra hilda;      þe is gyt her witod,
+     "swäðer þu sylf tô me      sêcean wylle."
+     Þâ wäs on wealle      wäl-slihta gehlyn,
+     sceolde cêlod bord      cênum on handa
+30   bân-helm berstan.      Buruh-þelu dynede,
+     ôð þät ät þære gûðe      Gârulf gecrang,
+     ealra ærest      eorð-bûendra,
+     Gûðlâfes sunu;      ymbe hine gôdra fela.
+     Hwearf flacra hræw      hräfn, wandrode
+35   sweart and sealo-brûn;      swurd-leóma stôd
+     swylce eal Finns-buruh      fýrenu wære.
+     Ne gefrägn ic næfre wurðlîcor      ät wera hilde
+     sixtig sige-beorna      sêl gebæran,
+     ne næfre swânas swêtne      medo sêl forgyldan,
+40   þonne Hnäfe guldon      his häg-stealdas.
+     Hig fuhton fîf dagas,      swâ hyra nân ne feól
+     driht-gesîða,      ac hig þâ duru heóldon.
+     Þâ gewât him wund häleð      on wäg gangan,
+     sæde þät his byrne      âbrocen wære,
+45   here-sceorpum hrôr,      and eác wäs his helm þyrl.
+     Þâ hine sôna frägn      folces hyrde,
+     hû þâ wîgend      hyra wunda genæson
+     oððe hwäðer þæra hyssa . . . . . . .
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES; NOTES; AND GLOSSARY.
+
+ABBREVIATIONS
+
+m.: masculine.
+f.: feminine.
+n.: neuter.
+nom., gen.: nominative, genitive, etc.
+w.: weak.
+w. v.: weak verb.
+st.: strong.
+st. v.: strong verb.
+I., II., III.: first, second, third person.
+comp.: compound.
+imper.: imperative.
+w.: with.
+instr.: instrumental.
+G. and Goth.: Gothic.
+O.N.: Old Norse.
+O.S.: Old Saxon.
+O.H.G.: Old High German.
+M.H.G.: Middle High German.
+
+The vowel ä = _a_ in _glad_      }
+The diphthong æ = _a_ in _hair_  } approximately.
+
+
+The names Leo, Bugge, Rieger, etc., refer to authors of emendations.
+
+Words beginning with ge- will be found under their root-word.
+
+Obvious abbreviations, like subj., etc., are not included in this list.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES.
+
+Abel, Cain's brother, 108.
+
+Älf-here (gen. Älf-heres, 2605), a kinsman of Wîglâf's, 2605.
+
+Äsc-here, confidential adviser of King Hrôðgâr (1326), older brother of
+Yrmenlâf (1325), killed by Grendel's mother, 1295, 1324, 2123.
+
+Bân-stân, father of Breca, 524.
+
+Beó-wulf, son of Scyld, king of the Danes, 18, 19. After the death of his
+father, he succeeds to the throne of the Scyldings, 53. His son is
+Healfdene, 57.
+
+Beó-wulf (Biówulf, 1988, 2390; gen. Beówulfes, 857, etc., Biówulfes, 2195,
+2808, etc.; dat. Beówulfe, 610, etc., Biówulfe, 2325, 2843), of the race of
+the Geátas. His father is the Wægmunding Ecgþeów (263, etc.); his mother a
+daughter of Hrêðel, king of the Geátas (374), at whose court he is brought
+up after his seventh year with Hrêðel's sons, Herebeald, Hæðcyn, and
+Hygelâc, 2429 ff. In his youth lazy and unapt (2184 f., 2188 f.); as man he
+attains in the gripe of his hand the strength of thirty men, 379. Hence his
+victories in his combats with bare hands (711 ff., 2502 ff.), while fate
+denies him the victory in the battle with swords, 2683 f. His
+swimming-match with Breca in his youth, 506 ff. Goes with fourteen Geátas
+to the assistance of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr, against Grendel, 198 ff. His
+combat with Grendel, and his victory, 711 ff., 819 ff. He is, in
+consequence, presented with rich gifts by Hrôðgâr, 1021 ff. His combat with
+Grendel's mother, 1442 ff. Having again received gifts, he leaves Hrôðgâr
+(1818-1888), and returns to Hygelâc, 1964 ff.--After Hygelâc's last battle
+and death, he flees alone across the sea, 2360 f. In this battle he crushes
+Däghrefn, one of the Hûgas, to death, 2502 f. He rejects at the same time
+Hygelâc's kingdom and the hand of his widow (2370 ff.), but carries on the
+government as guardian of the young Heardrêd, son of Hygelâc, 2378 ff.
+After Heardrêd's death, the kingdom falls to Beówulf, 2208,
+2390.--Afterwards, on an expedition to avenge the murdered Heardrêd, he
+kills the Scylfing, Eádgils (2397), and probably conquers his country.
+--His fight with the drake, 2539 ff. His death, 2818. His burial, 3135 ff.
+
+Breca (acc. Brecan, 506, 531), son of Beánstân, 524. Chief of the
+Brondings, 521. His swimming-match with Beówulf, 506 ff.
+
+Brondingas (gen. Brondinga, 521), Breca, their chief, 521.
+
+Brosinga mene, corrupted from, or according to Müllenhoff, written by
+mistake for, Breosinga mene (O.N., Brisinga men, cf. Haupts Zeitschr. XII.
+304), collar, which the Brisingas once possessed.
+
+Cain (gen. Caines, 107): descended from him are Grendel and his kin, 107,
+1262 ff.
+
+Däg-hrefn (dat. Däghrefne, 2502), a warrior of the Hûgas, who, according to
+2504-5, compared with 1203, and with 1208, seems to have been the slayer of
+King Hygelâc, in his battle against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas.
+Is crushed to death by Beówulf in a hand-to-hand combat, 2502 ff.
+
+Dene (gen. Dena, 242, etc., Denia, 2126, Deniga, 271, etc.; dat. Denum,
+768, etc.), as subjects of Scyld and his descendants, they are also called
+Scyldings; and after the first king of the East Danes, Ing (Runenlied, 22),
+Ing-wine, 1045, 1320. They are also once called Hrêðmen, 445. On account of
+their renowned warlike character, they bore the names Gâr-Dene, 1, 1857,
+Hring-Dene (Armor-Danes), 116, 1280, Beorht-Dene, 427, 610. The great
+extent of this people is indicated by their names from the four quarters of
+the heavens: Eást-Dene, 392, 617, etc., West-Dene, 383, 1579, Sûð-Dene,
+463, Norð-Dene, 784.--Their dwelling-place "in Scedelandum," 19, "on
+Scedenigge," 1687, "be sæm tweónum," 1686.
+
+Ecg-lâf (gen. Ecglâfes, 499), Hûnferð's father, 499.
+
+Ecg-þeów (nom. Ecgþeów, 263, Ecgþeó, 373; gen. Ecgþeówes, 529, etc.,
+Ecgþiówes, 2000), a far-famed hero of the Geátas, of the house of the
+Wægmundings. Beówulf is the son of Ecgþeów, by the only daughter of Hrêðel,
+king of the Geátas, 262, etc. Among the Wylfings, he has slain Heaðolâf
+(460), and in consequence he goes over the sea to the Danes (463), whose
+king, Hrôðgâr, by means of gold, finishes the strife for him, 470.
+
+Ecg-wela (gen. Ecg-welan, 1711). The Scyldings are called his descendants,
+1711. Grein considers him the founder of the older dynasty of Danish kings,
+which closes with Heremôd. See Heremôd.
+
+Elan, daughter of Healfdene, king of the Danes, (?) 62. According to the
+restored text, she is the wife of Ongenþeów, the Scylfing, 62, 63.
+
+Earna-näs, the Eagle Cape in the land of the Geátas, where occurred
+Beówulf's fight with the drake, 3032.
+
+Eádgils (dat. Eádgilse, 2393), son of Ôhthere, and grandson of Ongenþeów,
+the Scylfing, 2393. His older brother is
+
+Eánmund (gen. Eánmundes, 2612). What is said about both in our poem
+(2201-2207, 2380-2397, 2612-2620) is obscure, but the following may be
+conjectured:--
+
+The sons of Ôhthere, Eánmund and Eádgils, have rebelled against their
+father (2382), and must, in consequence, depart with their followers from
+Swiórîce, 2205-6, 2380. They come into the country of the Geátas to
+Heardrêd (2380), but whether with friendly or hostile intent is not stated;
+but, according to 2203 f., we are to presume that they came against
+Heardrêd with designs of conquest. At a banquet (on feorme; or feorme, MS.)
+Heardrêd falls, probably through treachery, by the hand of one of the
+brothers, 2386, 2207. The murderer must have been Eánmund, to whom,
+according to 2613, "in battle the revenge of Weohstân brings death."
+Weohstân takes revenge for his murdered king, and exercises upon Eánmund's
+body the booty-right, and robs it of helm, breastplate, and sword
+(2616-17), which the slain man had received as gifts from his uncle, Onela,
+2617-18. But Weohstân does not speak willingly of this fight, although he
+has slain Onela's brother's son, 2619-20.--After Heardrêd's and Eánmund's
+death, the descendant of Ongenþeów, Eádgils, returns to his home, 2388. He
+must give way before Beówulf, who has, since Heardrêd's death, ascended the
+throne of the Geátas, 2390. But Beówulf remembers it against him in after
+days, and the old feud breaks out anew, 2392-94. Eádgils makes an invasion
+into the land of the Geátas (2394-95), during which he falls at the hands
+of Beówulf, 2397. The latter must have then obtained the sovereignty over
+the Sweonas (3005-6, where only the version, Scylfingas, can give a
+satisfactory sense).
+
+Eofor (gen. Eofores, 2487, 2965; dat. Jofore, 2994, 2998), one of the
+Geátas, son of Wonrêd and brother of Wulf (2965, 2979), kills the Swedish
+king, Ongenþeów (2487 ff., 2978-82), for which he receives from King
+Hygelâc, along with other gifts, his only daughter in marriage, 2994-99.
+
+Eormen-rîc (gen. Eormenrîces, 1202), king of the Goths (cf. about him, W.
+Grimm, Deutsche Heldensage, p. 2, ff.). Hâma has wrested the Brosinga mene
+from him, 1202.
+
+Eomær, son of Offa and Þryðo (cf. Þryðo), 1961.
+
+Finn (gen. Finnes, 1069, etc.; dat. Finne, 1129), son of Folcwalda (1090),
+king of the North Frisians, i.e. of the Eotenas, husband of Hildeburg, a
+daughter of Hôc, 1072, 1077. He is the hero of the inserted poem on the
+Attack in Finnsburg, the obscure incidents of which are, perhaps, as
+follows: In Finn's castle, Finnsburg, situated in Jutland (1126-28), the
+Hôcing, Hnäf, a relative--perhaps a brother--of Hildeburg is spending some
+time as guest. Hnäf, who is a liegeman of the Danish king, Healfdene, has
+sixty men with him (Finnsburg, 38). These are treacherously attacked one
+night by Finn's men, 1073. For five days they hold the doors of their
+lodging-place without losing one of their number (Finnsburg, 41, 42). Then,
+however, Hnäf is slain (1071), and the Dane, Hengest, who was among Hnäf's
+followers, assumes the command of the beleaguered band. But on the
+attacking side the fight has brought terrible losses to Finn's men. Their
+numbers are diminished (1081 f.), and Hildeburg bemoans a son and a brother
+among the fallen (1074 f., cf. 1116, 1119). Therefore the Frisians offer
+the Danes peace (1086) under the conditions mentioned (1087-1095), and it
+is confirmed with oaths (1097), and money is given by Finn in propitiation
+(1108). Now all who have survived the battle go together to Friesland, the
+homo proper of Finn, and here Hengest remains during the winter, prevented
+by ice and storms from returning home (Grein). But in spring the feud
+breaks out anew. Gûðlâf and Oslâf avenge Hnäf's fall, probably after they
+have brought help from home (1150). In the battle, the hall is filled with
+the corpses of the enemy. Finn himself is killed, and the queen is captured
+and carried away, along with the booty, to the land of the Danes,
+1147-1160.
+
+Finna land. Beówulf reaches it in his swimming-race with Breca, 580.
+
+Fitela, the son and nephew of the Wälsing, Sigemund, and his companion in
+arms, 876-890. (Sigemund had begotten Fitela by his sister, Signý. Cf. more
+at length Leo on Beówulf, p. 38 ff., where an extract from the legend of
+the Walsungs is given.)
+
+Folc-walda (gen. Folc-waldan, 1090), Finn's father, 1090.
+
+Francan (gen. Francna, 1211; dat. Froncum, 2913). King Hygelâc fell on an
+expedition against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hûgas, 1211, 2917.
+
+Fresan, Frisan, Frysan (gen. Fresena, 1094, Frysna, 1105, Fresna, 2916:
+dat. Frysum, 1208, 2913). To be distinguished, are: 1) North Frisians,
+whose king is Finn, 1069 ff.; 2) West Frisians, in alliance with the Franks
+and Hûgas, in the war against whom Hygelâc falls, 1208, 2916. The country
+of the former is called Frysland, 1127; that of the latter, Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+Fr..es wäl (in Fr..es wäle, 1071), mutilated proper name.
+
+Freáwaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr; given in marriage to
+Ingeld, the son of the Heaðobeard king, Frôda, in order to end a war
+between the Danes and the Heaðobeardnas, 2023 ff., 2065.
+
+Frôda (gen. Frôdan), father of Ingeld, the husband of Freáware, 2026.
+
+Gârmund (gen. Gârmundes, 1963) father of Offa. His grandson is Eómær,
+1961-63.
+
+Geátas (gen. Geáta, 205, etc.; dat. Geátum, 195, etc.), a tribe in Southern
+Scandinavia, to which the hero of this poem belongs; also called
+Wedergeátas, 1493, 2552; or, Wederas, 225, 423, etc.; Gûðgeátas, 1539;
+Sægeátas, 1851, 1987. Their kings named in this poem are: Hrêðel; Hæðcyn,
+second son of Hrêðel; Hygelâc, the brother of Hæðcyn; Heardrêd, son of
+Hygelâc; then Beówulf.
+
+Gifðas (dat. Gifðum, 2495), Gepidæ, mentioned in connection with Danes and
+Swedes, 2495.
+
+Grendel, a fen-spirit (102-3) of Cain's race, 107, 111, 1262, 1267. He
+breaks every night into Hrôðgâr's hall and carries off thirty warriors, 115
+ff., 1583ff. He continues this for twelve years, till Beówulf fights with
+him (147, 711 ff.), and gives him a mortal wound, in that he tears out one
+of his arms (817), which is hung up as a trophy in the roof of Heorot, 837.
+Grendel's mother wishes to avenge her son, and the following night breaks
+into the hall and carries off Äschere, 1295. Beówulf seeks for and finds
+her home in the fen-lake (1493 ff.), fights with her (1498 ff.), and kills
+her (1567); and cuts off the head of Grendel, who lay there dead (1589),
+and brings it to Hrôðgâr, 1648.
+
+Gûð-lâf and Oslâf, Danish warriors under Hnäf, whose death they avenge on
+Finn, 1149.
+
+Hâlga, with the surname, _til_, the younger brother of the Danish king,
+Hrôðgâr, 61. His son is Hrôðulf, 1018, 1165, 1182.
+
+Hâma wrests the _Brosinga mene_ from Eormenrîc, 1199.
+
+Häreð (gen. Häreðes, 1982), father of Hygd, the wife of Hygelâc, 1930,
+1982.
+
+Hæðcyn (dat. Hæðcynne, 2483), second son of Hrêðel, king of the Geátas,
+2435. Kills his oldest brother, Herebeald, accidentally, with an arrow,
+2438 ff. After Hrêðel's death, he obtains the kingdom, 2475, 2483. He falls
+at Ravenswood, in the battle against the Swedish king, Ongenþeów, 2925. His
+successor is his younger brother, Hygelâc, 2944 ff., 2992.
+
+Helmingas (gen. Helminga, 621). From them comes Wealhþeów, Hrôðgâr's wife,
+621.
+
+Heming (gen. Heminges, 1945, 1962). Offa is called Heminges mæg, 1945;
+Eómær, 1962. According to Bachlechner (Pfeiffer's Germania, I., p. 458),
+Heming is the son of the sister of Gârmund, Offa's father.
+
+Hengest (gen. Hengestes, 1092; dat. Hengeste, 1084): about him and his
+relations to Hnäf and Finn, see Finn.
+
+Here-beald (dat. Herebealde, 2464), the oldest son of Hrêðel, king of the
+Geátas (2435), accidentally killed with an arrow by his younger brother,
+Hæðcyn, 2440.
+
+Here-môd (gen. Heremôdes, 902), king of the Danes, not belonging to the
+Scylding dynasty, but, according to Grein, immediately preceding it; is, on
+account of his unprecedented cruelty, driven out, 902 ff., 1710.
+
+Here-rîc (gen. Hererîces, 2207) Heardrêd is called Hererîces nefa, 2207.
+Nothing further is known of him.
+
+Het-ware or Franks, in alliance with the Frisians and the Hûgas, conquer
+Hygelâc, king of the Geátas, 2355, 2364 ff., 2917.
+
+Healf-dene (gen. Healfdenes, 189, etc.), son of Beówulf, the Scylding (57);
+rules the Danes long and gloriously (57 f.); has three sons, Heorogâr,
+Hrôðgâr, and Hâlga (61), and a daughter, Elan, who, according to the
+renewed text of the passage, wäs married to the Scylfing, Ongenþeów, 62,
+63.
+
+Heard-rêd (dat. Heardrêde, 2203, 2376), son of Hygelâc, king of the Geátas,
+and Hygd. After his father's death, while still under age, he obtains the
+throne (2371, 2376, 2379); wherefore Beówulf, as nephew of Heardrêd's
+father, acts as guardian to the youth till he becomes older, 2378. He is
+slain by Ôhthere's sons, 2386. This murder Beówulf avenges on Eádgils,
+2396-97.
+
+Heaðo-beardnas (gen. -beardna, 2033, 2038, 2068), the tribe of the
+Lombards. Their king, Frôda, has fallen in a war with the Danes, 2029,
+2051. In order to end the feud, King Hrôðgâr has given his daughter,
+Freáwaru, as wife to the young Ingeld, the son of Frôda, a marriage that
+does not result happily; for Ingeld, though he long defers it on account of
+his love for his wife, nevertheless takes revenge for his father, 2021-2070
+(Wîdsîð, 45-49).
+
+Heaðo-lâf (dat. Heaðo-lâfe, 460), a Wylfingish warrior. Ecgþeów, Beówulf's
+father, kills him, 460.
+
+Heaðo-ræmas reached by B. in the swimming-race with Beówulf, 519.
+
+Heoro-gâr (nom. 61; Heregâr, 467; Hiorogâr, 2159), son of Healfdene, and
+older brother of Hrôðgâr, 61. His death is mentioned, 467. He has a son,
+Heoroweard, 2162. His coat of mail Beówulf has received from Hrôðgâr
+(2156), and presents it to Hygelâc, 2158.
+
+Heoro-weard (dat. Heorowearde, 2162), Heorogâr's son, 2161-62.
+
+Heort, 78. Heorot, 166 (gen. Heorotes, 403; dat. Heorote, 475, Heorute,
+767, Hiorte, 2100). Hrôðgâr's throne-room and banqueting hall and
+assembly-room for his liegemen, built by him with unusual splendor, 69, 78.
+In it occurs Beówulf's fight with Grendel, 720 ff. The hall receives its
+name from the stag's antlers, of which the one-half crowns the eastern
+gable, the other half the western.
+
+Hildeburh, daughter of Hôc, relative of the Danish leader, Hnäf, consort of
+the Frisian king, Finn. After the fall of the latter, she becomes a captive
+of the Danes, 1072, 1077, 1159. See also under Finn.
+
+Hnäf (gen. Hnäfes, 1115), a Hôcing (Wîdsîð, 29), the Danish King
+Healfdene's general, 1070 ff. For his fight with Finn, his death and
+burial, see under Finn.
+
+Hond-sció, warrior of the Geátas: dat. 2077.
+
+Hôc (gen. Hôces, 1077), father of Hildeburh, 1077; probably also of Hnäf
+(Wîdsîð, 29).
+
+Hrêðel (gen. Hrêðles, 1486), son of Swerting, 1204. King of the Geátas,
+374. He has, besides, a daughter, who is married to Ecgþeów, and has borne
+him Beówulf, (374), three sons, Herebeald, Hæðcyn, and Hygelâc, 2435. The
+eldest of these is accidentally killed by the second, 2440. On account of
+this inexpiable deed, Hrêðel becomes melancholy (2443), and dies, 2475.
+
+Hrêðla (gen. Hrêðlan, MS. Hrædlan, 454), the same as Hrêðel (cf. Müllenhoff
+in Haupts Zeitschrift, 12, 260), the former owner of Beówulf's coat of
+mail, 454.
+
+Hrêð-men (gen. Hrêð-manna, 445), the Danes are so called, 445.
+
+Hrêð-rîc, son of Hrôðgâr, 1190, 1837.
+
+Hrefna-wudu, 2926, or Hrefnes-holt, 2936, the thicket near which the
+Swedish king, Ongenþeów, slew Hæðcyn, king of the Geátas, in battle.
+
+Hreosna-beorh, promontory in the land of the Geátas, near which Ongenþeów's
+sons, Ôhthere and Onela, had made repeated robbing incursions into the
+country after Hrêðel's death. These were the immediate cause of the war in
+which Hrêðel's son, King Hæðcyn, fell, 2478 ff.
+
+Hrôð-gâr (gen. Hrôðgâres, 235, etc.; dat. Hrôðgâre, 64, etc.), of the
+dynasty of the Scyldings; the second of the three sons of King Healfdene,
+61. After the death of his elder brother, Heorogâr, he assumes the
+government of the Danes, 465, 467 (yet it is not certain whether Heorogâr
+was king of the Danes before Hrôðgâr, or whether his death occurred while
+his father, Healfdene, was still alive). His consort is Wealhþeów (613), of
+the stock of the Helmings (621), who has borne him two sons, Hrêðrîc and
+Hrôðmund (1190), and a daughter, Freáware (2023), who has been given in
+marriage to the king of the Heaðobeardnas, Ingeld. His throne-room (78
+ff.), which has been built at great cost (74 ff.), is visited every night
+by Grendel (102, 115), who, along with his mother, is slain by Beówulf (711
+ff., 1493 ff). Hrôðgâr's rich gifts to Beówulf, in consequence, 1021, 1818;
+he is praised as being generous, 71 ff., 80, 1028 ff., 1868 ff.; as being
+brave, 1041 ff., 1771 ff.; and wise, 1699, 1725.--Other information about
+Hrôðgâr's reign for the most part only suggested: his expiation of the
+murder which Ecgþeów, Beówulf's father, committed upon Heaðolâf, 460, 470;
+his war with the Heaðobeardnas; his adjustment of it by giving his
+daughter, Freáware, in marriage to their king, Ingeld; evil results of this
+marriage, 2021-2070.--Treachery of his brother's son, Hrôðulf, intimated,
+1165-1166.
+
+Hrôð-mund, Hrôðgâr's son, 1190.
+
+Hrôð-ulf, probably a son of Hâlga, the younger brother of King Hrôðgâr,
+1018, 1182. Wealhþeów expresses the hope (1182) that, in case of the early
+death of Hrôðgâr, Hrôð-ulf would prove a good guardian to Hrôðgâr's young
+son, who would succeed to the government; a hope which seems not to have
+been accomplished, since it appears from 1165, 1166 that Hrôð-ulf has
+abused his trust towards Hrôðgâr.
+
+Hrones-näs (dat. -nässe, 2806, 3137), a promontory on the coast of the
+country of the Geátas, visible from afar. Here is Beówulf's grave-mound,
+2806, 3137.
+
+Hrunting (dat. Hruntinge, 1660), Hûnferð's sword, is so called, 1458, 1660.
+
+Hûgas (gen. Hûga, 2503), Hygelâc wars against them allied with the Franks
+and Frisians, and falls, 2195 ff. One of their heroes is called Däghrefn,
+whom Beówulf slays, 2503.
+
+[H]ûn-ferð, the son of Ecglâf, þyle of King Hrôðgâr. As such, he has his
+place near the throne of the king, 499, 500, 1167. He lends his sword,
+Hrunting, to Beówulf for his battle with Grendel's mother, 1456 f.
+According to 588, 1168, he slew his brothers. Since his name is always
+alliterated with vowels, it is probable that the original form was, as
+Rieger (Zachers Ztschr., 3, 414) conjectures, Unferð.
+
+Hûn-lâfing, name of a costly sword, which Finn presents to Hengest, 1144.
+See Note.
+
+Hygd (dat. Hygde, 2173), daughter of Häreð, 1930; consort of Hygelâc, king
+of the Geátas, 1927; her son, Heardrêd, 2203, etc.--Her noble, womanly
+character is emphasized, 1927 ff.
+
+Hyge-lâc (gen. Hige-lâces, 194, etc., Hygelâces, 2387; dat. Higelâce, 452,
+Hygelâce, 2170), king of the Geátas, 1203, etc. His grandfather is
+Swerting, 1204; his father, Hrêðel, 1486, 1848; his older brothers,
+Herebeald and Hæðcyn, 2435; his sister's son, Beówulf, 374, 375. After his
+brother, Hæðcyn, is killed by Ongenþeów, he undertakes the government (2992
+in connection with the preceding from 2937 on). To Eofor he gives, as
+reward for slaying Ongenþeów, his only daughter in marriage, 2998. But much
+later, at the time of the return of Beówulf from his expedition to Hrôðgâr,
+we see him married to the very young Hygd, the daughter of Häreð, 1930. The
+latter seems, then, to have been his second wife. Their son is Heardrêd,
+2203, 2376, 2387.--Hygelâc falls during an expedition against the Franks,
+Frisians, and Hûgas, 1206, 1211, 2356-59, 2916-17.
+
+Ingeld (dat. Ingelde, 2065), son of Frôda, the Heaðobeard chief, who fell
+in a battle with the Danes, 2051 ff. in order to end the war, Ingeld is
+married to Freáwaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hrôðgâr, 2025-30. Yet his
+love for his young wife can make him forget only for a short while his
+desire to avenge his father. He finally carries it out, excited thereto by
+the repeated admonitions of an old warrior, 2042-70 (Wîdsîð, 45-59).
+
+Ing-wine (gen. Ingwina, 1045, 1320), friends of Ing, the first king of the
+East Danes. The Danes are so called, 1045, 1320.
+
+Mere-wioingas (gen. Mere-wioinga, 2922), as name of the Franks, 2922.
+
+Nägling, the name of Beówulf's sword, 2681.
+
+Offa (gen. Offan, 1950), king of the Angles (Wîdsîð, 35), the son of
+Gârmund, 1963; married (1950) to Þryðo (1932), a beautiful but cruel woman,
+of unfeminine spirit (1932 ff.), by whom he has a son, Eómær, 1961.
+
+Ôht-here (gen. Ôhtheres, 2929, 2933; Ôhteres, 2381, 2393, 2395, 2613), son
+of Ongenþeów, king of the Swedes, 2929. His sons are Eánmund (2612) and
+Eádgils, 2393.
+
+Onela (gen. Onelan, 2933), Ôhthere's brother, 2617, 2933.
+
+Ongen-þeów (nom. -þeów, 2487, -þió, 2952; gen. -þeówes, 2476, -þiówes,
+2388; dat. -þió, 2987), of the dynasty of the Scylfings; king of the
+Swedes, 2384. His wife is, perhaps, Elan, daughter of the Danish king,
+Healfdene (62), and mother of two sons, Onela and Ôhthere, 2933. She is
+taken prisoner by Hæðcyn, king of the Geátas, on an expedition into Sweden,
+which he undertakes on account of her sons' plundering raids into his
+country, 2480 ff. She is set free by Ongenþeów (2931), who kills Hæðcyn,
+2925, and encloses the Geátas, now deprived of their leader, in the
+Ravenswood (2937 ff.), till they are freed by Hygelâc, 2944. A battle then
+follows, which is unfavorable to Ongenþeów's army. Ongenþeów himself,
+attacked by the brothers, Wulf and Eofor, is slain by the latter, 2487 ff.,
+2962 ff.
+
+Ôs-lâf, a warrior of Hnäf's, who avenges on Finn his leader's death, 1149
+f.
+
+Scede-land, 19. Sceden-îg (dat. Sceden-îgge, 1687), O.N., Scân-ey, the most
+southern portion of the Scandinavian peninsula, belonging to the Danish
+kingdom, and, in the above-mentioned passages of our poem, a designation of
+the whole Danish kingdom.
+
+Scêf or Sceáf. See Note.
+
+Scyld (gen. Scyldes, 19), a Scêfing. 4. His son is Beówulf, 18, 53: his
+grandson, Healfdene, 57; his great-grandson, Hrôðgâr, who had two brothers
+and a sister, 59 ff.--Scyld dies, 26; his body, upon a decorated ship, is
+given over to the sea (32 ff.), just as he, when a child, drifted alone,
+upon a ship, to the land of the Danes, 43 ff. After him his descendants
+bear his name.
+
+Scyldingas (Scyldungas, 2053; gen. Scyldinga, 53, etc., Scyldunga, 2102,
+2160; dat. Scyldingum, 274, etc.), a name which is extended also to the
+Danes, who are ruled by the Scyldings, 53, etc. They are also called
+Âr-Scyldingas, 464; Sige-Scyldingas, 598, 2005; Þeód-Scyldingas, 1020;
+Here-Scyldingas, 1109.
+
+Scylfingas, a Swedish royal family, whose relationship seems to extend to
+the Geátas, since Wîglâf, the son of Wihstân, who in another place, as a
+kinsman of Beówulf, is called a Wægmunding (2815), is also called leód
+Scylfinga, 2604. The family connections are perhaps as follows:--
+
+              Scylf.
+                |
+     ------------------------
+     Wægmund.         .......
+        |                |
+------------------  ----------
+Ecgþeów.  Weohstân.  Ongenþeów.
+   |         |           |
+-------- -------- ---------------
+Beówulf.  Wîglâf.  Onela. Ôhthere.
+                             |
+                 -----------------
+                 Eáumund. Eádgils.
+
+The Scylfings are also called Heaðo-Scilfingas, 63, Gûð-Scylfingas, 2928.
+
+Sige-mund (dat. -munde, 876, 885), the son of Wäls, 878, 898. His (son and)
+nephew is Fitela, 880, 882. His fight with the drake, 887 ff.
+
+Swerting (gen. Swertinges, 1204), Hygelâc's grandfather, and Hrêðel's
+father, 1204.
+
+Sweon (gen. Sweona, 2473, 2947, 3002), also Sweó-þeód, 2923. The dynasty of
+the Scylfings rules over them, 2382, 2925. Their realm is called Swiórice,
+2384, 2496.
+
+Þryðo, consort of the Angle king, Offa, 1932, 1950. Mother of Eómær, 1961,
+notorious on account of her cruel, unfeminine character, 1932 ff. She is
+mentioned as the opposite to the mild, dignified Hygd, the queen of the
+Geátas.
+
+Wäls (gen. Wälses, 898), father of Sigemund, 878, 898.
+
+Wæg-mundingas (gen. Wægmundinga, 2608, 2815). The Wægmundings are on one
+side, Wihstân and his son Wîglâf; on the other side, Ecgþeów and his son
+Beówulf (2608, 2815). See under Scylfingas.
+
+Wederas (gen. Wedera, 225, 423, 498, etc.), or Weder-geátas. See Geátas.
+
+Wêland (gen. Wêlandes, 455), the maker of Beówulf's coat of mail, 455.
+
+Wendlas (gen. Wendla, 348): their chief is Wulfgâr. See Wulfgâr. The
+Wendlas are, according to Grundtvig and Bugge, the inhabitants of Vendill,
+the most northern part of Jutland, between Limfjord and the sea.
+
+Wealh-þeów (613, Wealh-þeó, 665, 1163), the consort of King Hrôðgâr, of the
+stock of the Helmings, 621. Her sons are Hrêðrîc and Hrôðmund, 1190; her
+daughter, Freáwaru, 2023.
+
+Weoh-stân (gen. Weox-stânes, 2603, Weoh-stânes, 2863, Wih-stânes, 2753,
+2908, etc.), a Wægmunding (2608), father of Wîglâf, 2603. In what
+relationship to him Älfhere, mentioned 2605, stands, is not
+clear.--Weohstân is the slayer of Eánmund (2612), in that, as it seems, he
+takes revenge for his murdered king, Heardrêd. See Eánmund.
+
+Wîg-lâf, Weohstân's son, 2603, etc., a Wægmunding, 2815, and so also a
+Scylfing, 2604; a kinsman of Älfhere, 2605. For his relationship to
+Beówulf, see the genealogical table under Scylfingas.--He supports Beówulf
+in his fight with the drake, 2605 ff., 2662 ff. The hero gives him, before
+his death, his ring, his helm, and his coat of mail, 2810 ff.
+
+Won-rêd (gen. Wonrêdes, 2972), father of Wulf and Eofor, 2966, 2979.
+
+Wulf (dat. Wulfe, 2994), one of the Geátas, Wonrêd's son. He fights in the
+battle between the armies of Hygelâc and Ongenþeów with Ongenþeów himself,
+and gives him a wound (2966), whereupon Ongenþeów, by a stroke of his
+sword, disables him, 2975. Eofor avenges his brother's fall by dealing
+Ongenþeów a mortal blow, 2978 ff.
+
+Wulf-gâr, chief of the Wendlas, 348, lives at Hrôðgâr's court, and is his
+"âr and ombiht," 335.
+
+Wylfingas (dat. Wylfingum, 461). Ecgþeów has slain Heoðolâf, a warrior of
+this tribe, 460.
+
+Yrmen-lâf, younger brother of Äschere, 1325.
+
+
+ADDITIONAL.
+
+Eotenas (gen. pl. Eotena, 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. Eotenum, 1146), the
+subjects of Finn, the North Frisians: distinguished from eoton, _giant_.
+Vid eoton. Cf. Bugge, Beit., xii. 37; Earle, Beowulf in Prose, pp. 146,
+198.
+
+Hrêðling, son of Hrêðel, Hygelâc: nom. sg. 1924; nom. pl., the subjects of
+Hygelâc, the Geats, 2961.
+
+Scêfing, the son (?) of Scêf, or Sceáf, reputed father of Scyld, 4. See
+Note.
+
+
+
+ABBREVIATIONS.
+
+               B.: Bugge.
+              Br.: S.A. Brooke, Hist. of Early Eng. Lit.
+               C.: Cosijn.
+               E.: Earle, Deeds of Beowulf in Prose.
+               G.: Garnett, Translation of Beowulf
+              Gr.: Grein.
+               H.: Heyne.
+              Ha.: Hall, Translation of Beowulf.
+           H.-So.: Heyne-Socin, 5th ed.
+              Ho.: Holder.
+               K.: Kemble.
+              Kl.: Kluge.
+         Müllenh.: Müllenhoff.
+               R.: Rieger.
+               S.: Sievers.
+              Sw.: Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Reader, 6th ed.
+          Ten Br.: Ten Brink.
+              Th.: Thorpe.
+               Z.: Zupitza.
+
+                 PERIODICALS.
+
+             Ang.: Anglia.
+            Beit.: Paul und Branne's Beiträge.
+       Eng. Stud.: Englische Studien.
+            Germ.: Germania.
+ Haupts Zeitschr.: Haupts Zeitschrift, etc.
+ Mod. Lang. Notes: Modern Language Notes.
+          Tidskr.: Tidskrift for Philologi.
+Zachers Zeitschr.: Zachers Zeitschrift, etc.
+
+
+NOTES.
+
+l. 1. hwät: for this interjectional formula opening a poem, cf. _Andreas,
+Daniel, Juliana, Exodus, Fata Apost., Dream of the Rood_, and the
+"Listenith lordinges!" of mediaeval lays.--E. Cf. Chaucer, Prologue, ed.
+Morris, l. 853:
+
+     "Sin I shal beginne the game,
+     _What_, welcome be the cut, a Goddes name!"
+
+we ... gefrunon is a variant on the usual epic formulæ ic gefrägn (l. 74)
+and mîne gefræge (l. 777). _Exodus, Daniel, Phoenix_, etc., open with the
+same formula.
+
+l. 1. "Gâr was the javelin, armed with two of which the warrior went into
+battle, and which he threw over the 'shield-wall.' It was barbed."--Br.
+124. Cf. _Maldon_, l. 296; _Judith_, l. 224; _Gnom. Verses_, l. 22; etc.
+
+l. 4. "Scild of the Sheaf, not 'Scyld the son of Scaf'; for it is too
+inconsistent, even in myth, to give a patronymic to a foundling. According
+to the original form of the story, Sceáf was the foundling; he had come
+ashore with a sheaf of corn, and from that was named. This form of the
+story is preserved in Ethelwerd and in William of Malmesbury. But here the
+foundling is Scyld, and we must suppose he was picked up with the sheaf,
+and hence his cognomen."--E., p. 105. Cf. the accounts of Romulus and
+Remus, of Moses, of Cyrus, etc.
+
+l. 6. egsian is also used in an active sense (not in the Gloss.), = _to
+terrify_.
+
+l. 15. S. suggests þâ (_which_) for þät, as object of dreógan; and for
+aldor-leáse, Gr. suggested aldor-ceare.--_Beit._ ix. 136.
+
+S. translates: "For God had seen the dire need which the rulerless ones
+before endured."
+
+l. 18. "Beowulf (that is, Beaw of the Anglo-Saxon genealogists, not our
+Beowulf, who was a Geat, not a Dane), 'the son of Scyld in Scedeland.' This
+is our ancestral myth,--the story of the first culture-hero of the North;
+'the patriarch,' as Rydberg calls him, 'of the royal families of Sweden,
+Denmark, Angeln, Saxland, and England.'"--Br., p. 78. Cf. _A.-S. Chron._
+an. 855.
+
+H.-So. omits parenthetic marks, and reads (after S., _Beit._ ix. 135)
+eaferan; cf. _Fata Apost._: lof wîde sprang þeódnes þegna.
+
+"The name _Beowulf_ means literally 'Bee-wolf,' wolf or ravager of
+the bees, = bear. Cf. _beorn_, 'hero,' originally 'bear,' and
+_beohata_, 'warrior,' in Cædmon, literally 'bee-hater' or
+'persecutor,' and hence identical in meaning with _beowulf_."--Sw.
+
+Cf. "Arcite and Palamon,
+    That foughten _breme_, as it were bores two."
+         --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 841, ed. Morris.
+
+Cf. M. Müller, _Science of Lang._, Sec. Series, pp. 217, 218; and Hunt's
+_Daniel_, 104.
+
+l. 19. Cf. l. 1866, where Scedenig is used, = _Scania_, in Sweden(?).
+
+l. 21. wine is pl.; cf. its apposition wil-gesîðas below. H.-So. compares
+_Héliand_, 1017, for language almost identical with ll. 20, 21.
+
+l. 22. on ylde: cf.
+    "_In elde_ is bothe wisdom and usage."
+       --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1590, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 26. Reflexive objects often pleonastically accompany verbs of motion;
+cf. ll. 234, 301, 1964, etc.
+
+l. 28. faroð = _shore, strand, edge._ Add these to the meanings in the
+Gloss.
+
+l. 31. The object of âhte is probably geweald, to be supplied from wordum
+weóld of l. 30.--H.-So.
+
+R., Kl., and B. all hold conflicting views of this passage: _Beit._ xii.
+80, ix. 188; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 382, etc. Kl. suggests lændagas for
+lange.
+
+l. 32. "hringed-stefna is sometimes translated 'with curved prow,' but it
+means, I think, that in the prow were fastened rings through which the
+cables were passed that tied it to the shore."--Br., p. 26. Cf. ll. 1132,
+1898. Hring-horni was the mythic ship of the Edda. See Toller-Bosworth for
+three different views; and cf. wunden-stefna (l. 220), hring-naca (l.
+1863).
+
+ll. 34-52. Cf. the burial of Haki on a funeral-pyre ship, _Inglinga Saga;_
+the burial of Balder, Sinfiötli, Arthur, etc.
+
+l. 35. "And this [their joy in the sea] is all the plainer from the number
+of names given to the ship-names which speak their pride and affection. It
+is the Ætheling's vessel, the Floater, the Wave-swimmer, the Ring-sterned,
+the Keel, the Well-bound wood, the Sea-wood, the Sea-ganger, the Sea-broad
+ship, the Wide-bosomed, the Prow-curved, the Wood of the curved neck, the
+Foam-throated floater that flew like a bird."--Br., p. 168.
+
+l. 49. "We know from Scandinavian graves ... that the illustrious dead were
+buried ... in ships, with their bows to sea-ward; that they were however
+not sent to sea, but were either burnt in that position, or mounded over
+with earth."--E. See Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, xix.
+
+l. 51. (1) sele-rædende (K., S., C.); (2) sêle-rædenne (H.); (3)
+sele-rædende (H.-So.). Cf. l. 1347; and see Ha.
+
+l. 51. E. compares with this canto Tennyson's "Passing of Arthur" and the
+legendary burial-journey of St. James of Campostella, an. 800.
+
+l. 53. The poem proper begins with this, "There was once upon a time," the
+first 52 lines being a prelude. Eleven of the "fitts," or cantos, begin
+with the monosyllable þâ, four with the verb gewîtan, nine with the formula
+Hrôðgâr (Beówulf, Unferð) maðelode, twenty-four with monosyllables in
+general (him, swâ, sê, hwät, þâ, hêht, wäs, mäg, cwôm, stræt).
+
+l. 58. gamel. "The ... characteristics of the poetry are the use of archaic
+forms and words, such as mec for mé, the possessive sín, gamol, dógor, swát
+for eald, dæg, blód, etc., after they had become obsolete in the prose
+language, and the use of special compounds and phrases, such as hildenædre
+(_war-adder_) for 'arrow,' gold-gifa (_gold-giver_) for 'king,' ...
+goldwine gumena (_goldfriend of men, distributor of gold to men_) for
+'king,'" etc.--Sw. Other poetic words are ides, ielde (_men_), etc.
+
+l. 60. H.-So. reads ræswa (referring to Heorogâr alone), and places a point
+(with the Ms.) after Heorogâr instead of after ræswa. Cf. l. 469; see B.,
+_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 193.
+
+l. 62. Elan here (OHG. _Elana, Ellena, Elena, Elina, Alyan_) is thought by
+B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 43) to be a remnant of the masc. name Onela, and he
+reads: [On-]elan ewên, Heaðoscilfingas(=es) healsgebedda.
+
+l. 68. For hê, omitted here, cf. l. 300. Pronouns are occasionally thus
+omitted insubord. clauses.--Sw.
+
+l. 70. þone, here = þonne, _than_, and micel = mâre? The passage, by a
+slight change, might be made to read, medo-ärn micle mâ gewyrcean,--þone =
+_by much larger than_,--in which þone (þonne) would come in naturally.
+
+l. 73. folc-scare. Add _folk-share_ to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+gûð-scearu.
+
+l. 74. ic wide gefrägn: an epic formula very frequent in poetry, = _men
+said._ Cf. _Judith_, ll. 7, 246; _Phoenix_, l. 1; and the parallel (noun)
+formula, mîne gefræge, ll. 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ll. 78-83. "The hall was a rectangular, high-roofed, wooden building, its
+long sides facing north and south. The two gables, at either end, had
+stag-horns on their points, curving forwards, and these, as well as the
+ridge of the roof, were probably covered with shining metal, and glittered
+bravely in the sun."--Br., p. 32.
+
+l. 84. _Son-in-law and father-in-law;_ B., a so-called _dvanda_ compound.
+Cf. l. 1164, where a similar compound means _uncle and nephew;_ and
+Wîdsîð's suhtorfædran, used of the same persons.
+
+l. 88. "The word dreám conveys the buzz and hum of social happiness, and
+more particularly the sound of music and singing."--E. Cf. l. 3021; and
+_Judith_, l. 350; _Wanderer_, l. 79, etc.
+
+ll. 90-99. There is a suspicious similarity between this passage and the
+lines attributed by Bede to Cædmon:
+
+    Nû wê sculan herian heofonrices Weard, etc.
+      --Sw., p. 47.
+
+ll. 90-98 are probably the interpolation of a Christian scribe.
+
+ll. 92-97. "The first of these Christian elements [in _Beówulf_] is the
+sense of a fairer, softer world than that in which the Northern warriors
+lived.... Another Christian passage (ll. 107, 1262) derives all the demons,
+eotens, elves, and dreadful sea-beasts from the race of Cain. The folly of
+sacrificing to the heathen gods is spoken of (l. 175).... The other point
+is the belief in immortality (ll. 1202, 1761)."--Br. 71.
+
+l. 100. Cf. l. 2211, where the third dragon of the poem is introduced in
+the same words. Beowulf is the forerunner of that other national
+dragon-slayer, St. George.
+
+l. 100. onginnan in _Beówulf_ is treated like verbs of motion and modal
+auxiliaries, and takes the object inf. without tô; cf. ll. 872, 1606, 1984,
+244. Cf. _gan_ (= _did_) in Mid. Eng.: _gan_ espye (Chaucer, _Knightes
+Tale_, l. 254, ed. Morris).
+
+l. 101. B. and H.-So. read, feónd on healle; cf. l. 142.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+ll. 101-151. "Grimm connects [Grendel] with the Anglo-Saxon grindel (_a
+bolt_ or _bar_).... It carries with it the notion of the bolts and bars of
+hell, and hence _a fiend._ ... Ettmüller was the first ... to connect the
+name with grindan, _to grind, to crush to pieces, to utterly destroy._
+Grendel is then _the tearer, the destroyer_."--Br., p. 83.
+
+l. 102. gäst = _stranger_ (Ha.); cf. ll. 1139, 1442, 2313, etc.
+
+l. 103. See Ha., p. 4.
+
+l. 106. "The perfect and pluperfect are often expressed, as in Modern
+English, by hæfð and hæfde with the past participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 433,
+408, 940, 205 (p. p. inflected in the last two cases), etc.
+
+l. 106. S. destroys period here, reads in Caines, etc., and puts þone ...
+drihten in parenthesis.
+
+l. 108. þäs þe = _because_, especially after verbs of thanking (cf. ll.
+228, 627, 1780, 2798); _according as_ (l. 1351).
+
+l. 108. The def. article is omitted with Drihten (_Lord_) and Deofol
+(_devil_; cf. l. 2089), as it is, generally, sparingly employed in poetry;
+cf. tô sæ (l. 318), ofer sæ (l. 2381), on lande (l. 2311), tô räste (l.
+1238), on wicge (l. 286), etc., etc.
+
+l. 119. weras (S., H.-So.); wera (K., Th.).--_Beit._ ix. 137.
+
+l. 120. unfælo = _uncanny_ (R.).
+
+l. 131. E. translates, _majestic rage;_ adopting Gr.'s view that swyð is =
+Icel. sviði, _a burn_ or _burning_. Cf. l. 737.
+
+l. 142. B. supposes heal-þegnes to be corrupted from helþegnes; cf. l.
+101.--_Beit._ xii. 80. See Gûðlâc, l. 1042.
+
+l. 144. See Ha., p. 6, for S.'s rearrangement.
+
+l. 146. S. destroys period after sêlest, puts wäs ... micel in parenthesis,
+and inserts a colon after tîd.
+
+l. 149. B. reads sârcwidum for syððan.
+
+l. 154. B. takes sibbe for accus. obj. of wolde, and places a comma after
+Deniga.--_Beit._ xii. 82.
+
+l. 159. R. suggests ac se for atol.
+
+l. 168. H.-So. plausibly conjectures this parenthesis to be a late
+insertion, as, at ll. 180-181, the Danes also are said to be heathen.
+Another commentator considers the throne under a "spell of enchantment,"
+and therefore it could not be touched.
+
+l. 169. ne ... wisse: _nor had he desire to do so_ (W.). See Ha., p. 7, for
+other suggestions.
+
+l. 169. myne wisse occurs in _Wanderer_, l. 27.
+
+l. 174. The gerundial inf. with tô expresses purpose, defines a noun or
+adjective, or, with the verb be, expresses duty or necessity passively; cf.
+ll. 257, 473, 1004, 1420, 1806, etc. Cf. tô + inf. at ll. 316, 2557.
+
+ll. 175-188. E. regards this passage as dating the time and place of the
+poem relatively to the times of heathenism. Cf. the opening lines, _In days
+of yore_, etc., as if the story, even then, were very old.
+
+l. 177. gâst-bona is regarded by Ettmüller and G. Stephens (_Thunor_, p.
+54) as an epithet of Thor (= _giant-killer_), a kenning for Thunor or Thor,
+meaning both _man_ and _monster_.--E.
+
+l. 189. Cf. l. 1993, where similar language is used. H.-So. takes both
+môd-ceare and mæl-ceare as accus., others as instr.
+
+ll. 190, 1994. seáð: for this use of seóðan cf. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._, ed.
+Miller, p. 128, where p. p. soden is thus used.
+
+l. 194. fram hâm = _in his home_ (S., H.-So.); but fram hâm may be for fram
+him (_from them_, i.e. _his people_, or _from Hrothgar's_). Cf. Ha., p. 8.
+
+l. 197. Cf. ll. 791, 807, for this fixed phrase.
+
+l. 200. See _Andreas, Elene_, and _Juliana_ for swan-râd (_= sea_). "The
+swan is said to breed wild now no further away than the North of Sweden."
+--E. Cf. ganotes bäð, l. 1862.
+
+l. 203. Concessive clauses with þeáh, þeáh þe, þeáh ... eal, vary with
+subj. and ind., according as fact or contingency is dominant in the mind;
+cf. ll. 526, 1168, 2032, etc. (subj.), 1103, 1614 (ind.). Cf. gif, nefne.
+
+l. 204. hæl, an OE. word found in Wülker's Glossaries in various forms, =
+_augury, omen, divination_, etc. Cf. hælsere, _augur_; hæl, _omen;_
+hælsung, _augurium_, hælsian, etc. Cf. Tac., _Germania_, 10.
+
+l. 207. C. adds "= _impetrare_" to the other meanings of findan given in
+the Gloss.
+
+l. 217. Cf. l. 1910; and _Andreas_, l. 993.--E. E. compares Byron's
+
+    "And fast and falcon-like the vessel flew,"
+       --_Corsair_, i.17.
+
+and Scott's
+
+    "Merrily, merrily bounds the bark."
+      --_Lord of the Isles_, iv. 7.
+
+l. 218. Cf.
+    "The fomy stedes on the golden brydel
+    Gnawinge."
+      --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1648, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 219. Does ân-tîd mean _hour_ (Th.), or _corresponding hour_ = ând-tîd
+(H.-So.), or _in due time_ (E.), or _after a time_, when ôþres, etc., would
+be adv. gen.? See C., _Beit._ viii. 568.
+
+l. 224. eoletes may = (1) _voyage_; (2) _toil, labor_; (3) _hurried
+journey;_ but _sea_ or _fjord_ appears preferable.
+
+ll. 229-257. "The scenery ... is laid on the coast of the North Sea and the
+Kattegat, the first act of the poem among the Danes in Seeland, the second
+among the Geats in South Sweden."--Br., p. 15.
+
+l. 239. "A shoal of simple terms express in _Beówulf_ the earliest
+sea-thoughts of the English.... The simplest term is Sæ.... To this they
+added Wæter, Flod, Stream, Lagu, Mere, Holm, Grund, Heathu, Sund, Brim,
+Garsecg, Eagor, Geofon, Fifel, Hron-rad, Swan-rad, Segl-rad,
+Ganotes-bæð."--Br., p. 163-166.
+
+l. 239. "The infinitive is often used in poetry after a verb of motion
+where we should use the present participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 711, 721, 1163
+1803, 268, etc. Cf. German _spazieren fahren reiten_, etc., and similar
+constructions in French, etc.
+
+l. 240, W. reads hringed-stefnan for helmas bæron. B. inserts (?) after
+holmas and begins a new line at the middle of the verse. S. omits B.'s "on
+the wall."
+
+l. 245. Double and triple negatives strengthen each other and do not
+produce an affirmative in A.-S. or M. E. The neg. is often prefixed to
+several emphatic words in the sentence, and readily contracts with vowels,
+and h or w; cf. ll. 863, 182, 2125, 1509, 575, 583, 3016, etc.
+
+l. 249. seld-guma = _man-at-arms in another's house_ (Wood); = _low-ranking
+fellow_ (Ha.); stubenhocker, _stay-at-home_ (Gr.), Scott's "carpet knight,"
+_Marmion_, i. 5.
+
+l. 250. näfne (nefne, nemne) usually takes the subj., = _unless_; cf. ll.
+1057, 3055, 1553. For ind., = _except_, see l. 1354. Cf. bûtan, gif, þeáh.
+
+l. 250. For a remarkable account of armor and weapons in _Beówulf_, see S.
+A. Brooke, _Hist. of Early Eng. Lit_. For general "Old Teutonic Life in
+Beówulf," see J. A. Harrison, _Overland Monthly_.
+
+l. 252. ær as a conj. generally has subj., as here; cf. ll. 264, 677, 2819,
+732. For ind., cf. l. 2020.
+
+l. 253. leás = _loose_, _roving_. Ettmüller corrected to leáse.
+
+l. 256. This proverb (ôfest, etc.) occurs in _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 293.
+
+l. 258. An "elder" may be a very young man; hence yldesta, = _eminent_, may
+be used of Beowulf. Cf. _Laws of Ælfred_, C. 17: Nâ þät ælc eald sý, ac þät
+he eald sý on wîsdôme.
+
+l. 273. Verbs of hearing and seeing are often followed by acc. with inf.;
+cf. ll. 229, 1024, 729, 1517, etc. Cf. German construction with _sehen,
+horen_, etc., French construction with _voir, entendre_, etc., and the
+classical constructions.
+
+l. 275. dæd-hata = _instigator_. Kl. reads dæd-hwata.
+
+l. 280. ed-wendan, n. (B.; cf. 1775), = edwenden, limited by bisigu. So ten
+Br. = _Tidskr_. viii. 291.
+
+l. 287. "Each is denoted ... also by the strengthened forms 'æghwæðer
+('ægðer), éghwæðer, etc. This prefixed 'æ, óe corresponds to the Goth,
+_aiw_, OHG. _eo_, _io_, and is umlauted from á, ó by the i of the gi which
+originally followed."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 190.
+
+l. 292. "All through the middle ages suits of armour are called
+'weeds.'"--E.
+
+l. 303. "An English warrior went into battle with a boar-crested helmet,
+and a round linden shield, with a byrnie of ringmail ... with two javelins
+or a single ashen spear some eight or ten feet long, with a long two-edged
+sword naked or held in an ornamental scabbard.... In his belt was a short,
+heavy, one-edged sword, or rather a long knife, called the seax ... used
+for close quarters."--Br., p. 121.
+
+l. 303. For other references to the boar-crest, cf. ll. 1112, 1287, 1454;
+Grimm, _Myth._ 195; Tacitus, _Germania_, 45. "It was the symbol of their
+[the Baltic Æstii's] goddess, and they had great faith in it as a
+preservative from hard knocks."--E. See the print in the illus. ed. of
+Green's _Short History_, Harper & Bros.
+
+l. 303. "See Kemble, _Saxons in England_, chapter on heathendom, and
+Grimm's _Teutonic Mythology_, chapter on Freyr, for the connection these
+and other writers establish between the Boar-sign and the golden boar which
+Freyr rode, and his worship."--Br., p. 128. Cf. _Elene_, l. 50.
+
+l. 304. Gering proposes hleór-bergan = _cheek-protectors_; cf. _Beit._ xii.
+26. "A bronze disk found at Öland in Sweden represents two warriors in
+helmets with boars as their crests, and cheek-guards under; these are the
+hleór-bergan."--E. Cf. hauberk, with its diminutive habergeon, < A.-S.
+heals, _neck_ + beorgan, _to cover_ or _protect_; and harbor, < A.-S. here,
+_army_ + beorgan, id.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ xii. 123. Cf. cinberge, Hunt's
+_Exod._ l. 175.
+
+l. 305. For ferh wearde and gûðmôde grummon, B. and ten Br. read
+ferh-wearde (l. 305) and gûðmôdgum men (l. 306), = _the boar-images ...
+guarded the lives of the warlike men_.
+
+l. 311. leóma: cf. Chaucer, _Nonne Preestes Tale_, l. 110, ed. Morris:
+
+    "To dremen in here dremes
+    Of armes, and of fyr with rede _lemes_."
+
+l. 318. On the double gender of sæ, cf. Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 147; and
+note the omitted article at ll. 2381, 318, 544, with the peculiar tmesis of
+_between_ at ll. 859, 1298, 1686, 1957. So _Cædmon_, l. 163 (Thorpe),
+_Exod._ l. 562 (Hunt), etc.
+
+l. 320. Cf. l. 924; and _Andreas_, l. 987, where almost the same words
+occur. "Here we have manifestly before our eye one of those ancient
+causeways, which are among the oldest visible institutions of
+civilization." --E.
+
+l. 322. S. inserts comma after scîr, and makes hring-îren (= _ring-mail_)
+parallel with gûð-byrne.
+
+l. 325. Cf. l. 397. "The deposit of weapons outside before entering a house
+was the rule at all periods.... In provincial Swedish almost everywhere a
+church porch is called våkenhus,... i.e. _weapon-house_, because the
+worshippers deposited their arms there before they entered the house."--E.,
+after G. Stephens.
+
+l. 333. Cf. Dryden's "mingled metal _damask'd_ o'er with gold."--E.
+
+l. 336. "æl-, el-, kindred with Goth. _aljis_, other, e.g. in ælþéodig,
+elþéodig, foreign."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 47.
+
+l. 336. Cf. l. 673 for the functions of an ombiht-þegn.
+
+l. 343. Cf. l. 1714 for the same beód-geneátas,--"the predecessor title to
+that of the Knights of the Table Round."--E. Cf. _Andreas_ (K.), l. 2177.
+
+l. 344. The future is sometimes expressed by willan + inf., generally with
+some idea of volition involved; cf. ll. 351, 427, etc. Cf. the use of
+willan as principal vb. (with omitted inf.) at ll. 318, 1372, 543, 1056;
+and sculan, ll. 1784, 2817.
+
+l. 353. sîð here, and at l. 501, probably means _arrival_. E. translates
+the former by _visit_, the latter by _adventure_.
+
+l. 357. unhâr = _hairless, bald_ (Gr., etc.).
+
+l. 358. eode is only one of four or five preterits of gân (gongan, gangan,
+gengan), viz. geóng (gióng: ll. 926, 2410, etc.), gang (l. 1296, etc.),
+gengde (ll. 1402, 1413). Sievers, p. 217, apparently remarks that eode is
+"probably used only in prose." (?!). Cf. geng, _Gen._ ll. 626, 834; _Exod._
+(Hunt) l. 102.
+
+l. 367. The MS. and H.-So. read with Gr. and B. glädman Hrôðgâr, abandoning
+Thorkelin's glädnian. There is a glass. hilaris glädman.--_Beit._ xii. 84;
+same as gläd.
+
+l. 369. dugan is a "preterit-present" verb, with new wk. preterit, like
+sculan, durran, magan, etc. For various inflections, see ll. 573, 590,
+1822, 526. Cf. _do_ in "that will _do_"; _doughty_, etc.
+
+l. 372. Cf. l. 535 for a similar use; and l. 1220. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._,
+ed. Miller, uses the same expression several times. "Here, and in all other
+places where cniht occurs in this poem, it seems to carry that technical
+sense which it bore in the military hierarchy [of a noble youth placed out
+and learning the elements of the art of war in the service of a qualified
+warrior, to whom he is, in a military sense, a servant], before it bloomed
+out in the full sense of _knight_."--E.
+
+l. 373. E. remarks of the hyphened eald-fäder, "hyphens are risky toys to
+play with in fixing texts of pre-hyphenial antiquity"; eald-fäder could
+only = _grandfather_. eald here can only mean _honored_, and the hyphen is
+unnecessary. Cf. "old fellow," "my old man," etc.; and Ger. _alt-vater_.
+
+l. 378. Th. and B. propose Geátum, as presents from the Danish to the
+Geatish king.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+l. 380. häbbe. The subj. is used in indirect narration and question, wish
+and command, purpose, result, and hypothetical comparison with swelce = _as
+if_.
+
+ll. 386, 387. Ten Br. emends to read: "Hurry, bid the kinsman-throng go
+into the hall together."
+
+l. 387. sibbe-gedriht, for Beowulf's friends, occurs also at l. 730. It is
+subject-acc. to seón. Cf. ll. 347, 365, and Hunt's _Exod_. l. 214.
+
+l. 404. "Here, as in the later Icelandic halls, Beowulf saw Hrothgar
+enthroned on a high seat at the east end of the hall. The seat is sacred.
+It has a supernatural quality. Grendel, the fiend, cannot approach
+it."--Br., p. 34. Cf. l. 168.
+
+l. 405. "At Benty Grange, in Derbyshire, an Anglo-Saxon barrow, opened in
+1848, contained a coat of mail. 'The iron chain work consists of a large
+number of links of two kinds attached to each other by small rings half an
+inch in diameter; one kind flat and lozenge-shaped ... the others all of
+one kind, but of different lengths.'"--Br., p. 126.
+
+l. 407. Wes ... hâl: this ancient Teutonic greeting afterwards grew into
+wassail. Cf. Skeat's _Luke_, i. 28; _Andreas_ (K.), 1827; Layamon, l.
+14309, etc.
+
+l. 414. "The distinction between wesan and weorðan [in passive relations]
+is not very clearly defined, but wesan appears to indicate a state, weorðan
+generally an action."--Sw. Cf. Mod. German _werden_ and _sein_ in similar
+relations.
+
+l. 414. Gr. translates hâdor by _receptaculum_; cf. Gering, _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ xii. 124. Toller-Bosw. ignores Gr.'s suggestion.
+
+ll. 420, 421. B. reads: þær ic (_on_) fîfelgeban (= _ocean_) ýðde eotena
+cyn. Ten Br. reads: þær ic fîfelgeban ýðde, eotena hâm. Ha. suggests
+fîfelgeband = _monster-band_, without further changes.
+
+l. 420. R. reads þæra = _of them_, for þær.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 399;
+_Beit._ xii. 367.
+
+l. 420. "niht has a gen., nihtes, used for the most part only adverbially,
+and almost certainly to be regarded as masculine."--Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 158.
+
+l. 425. Cf. also ll. 435, 635, 2345, for other examples of Beowulf's
+determination to fight single-handed.
+
+l. 441. þe hine = _whom_, as at l. 1292, etc. The indeclinable þe is often
+thus combined with personal pronouns, = relative, and is sometimes
+separated from them by a considerable interval.--Sw.
+
+l. 443. The MS. has Geotena. B. and Fahlbeck, says H.-So., do not consider
+the Geátas, but the Jutes, as the inhabitants of Swedish West-Gothland.
+Alfred translates Juti by Geátas, but _Jutland_ by _Gotland_. In the laws
+they are called Guti.--_Beit._ xii. 1, etc.
+
+l. 444. B., Gr., and Ha. make unforhte an adv. = _fearlessly_, modifying
+etan. Kl. reads anforhte = _timid_.
+
+l. 446. Cf. l. 2910. Th. translates: _thou wilt not need my head to hide_
+(i.e. _bury_). Simrock supposes a dead-watch or lyke-wake to be meant.
+Wood, _thou wilt not have to bury so much as my head!_ H.-So. supposes
+heáfod-weard, _a guard of honor_, such as sovereigns or presumptive rulers
+had, to be meant by hafalan hýdan; hence, _you need not give me any guard_,
+etc. Cf. Schmid, _Gesetze der A._, 370-372.
+
+l. 447. S. places a colon after nimeð.
+
+l. 451. H.-So., Ha., and B. (_Beit._ xii. 87) agree essentially in
+translating feorme, _food_. R. translates _consumption of my corpse.
+Maintenance, support_, seems preferable to either.
+
+l. 452. Rönning (after Grimm) personifies Hild.--_Beovulfs Kvadet_, l. 59.
+Hildr is the name of one of the Scandinavian Walkyries, or battle-maidens,
+who transport the spirits of the slain to Walhalla. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l.
+18, etc.
+
+l. 455. "The war-smiths, especially as forgers of the sword, were garmented
+with legend, and made into divine personages. Of these Weland is the type,
+husband of a swan maiden, and afterwards almost a god."-- Br., p. 120. Cf.
+A. J. C. Hare's account of "Wayland Smith's sword with which Henry II. was
+knighted," and which hung in Westminster Abbey to a late date.--_Walks in
+London_, ii. 228.
+
+l. 455. This is the ælces mannes wyrd of Boethius (Sw., p. 44) and the wyrd
+bið swîðost of Gnomic Verses, 5. There are about a dozen references to it
+in _Beówulf_.
+
+l. 455. E. compares the fatalism of this concluding hemistich with the
+Christian tone of l. 685 _seq._
+
+ll. 457, 458. B. reads wære-ryhtum ( = _from the obligations of
+clientage_).
+
+l. 480. Cf. l. 1231, where the same sense, "flown with wine," occurs.
+
+l. 488. "The duguð, the mature and ripe warriors, the aristocracy of the
+nation, are the support of the throne."--E. The M. E. form of the word,
+_douth_, occurs often. Associated with geogoð, ll. 160 and 622.
+
+l. 489. Kl. omits comma after meoto and reads (with B.) sige-hrêð-secgum, =
+_disclose thy thought to the victor-heroes_. Others, as Körner, convert
+meoto into an imperative and divide on sæl = _think upon happiness_. But
+cf. onband beadu-rûne, l. 501. B. supposes onsæl meoto =_speak courteous
+words_. _Tidskr_. viii. 292; _Haupts Zeitschr._ xi. 411; _Eng. Stud_. ii.
+251.
+
+l. 489. Cf. the invitation at l. 1783.
+
+l. 494. Cf. Grimm's _Andreas_, l. 1097, for deal, =_proud, elated,
+exulting; Phoenix_ (Bright), l. 266.
+
+l. 499. MS. has Hunferð, but the alliteration requires Ûnferð, as at ll.
+499, 1166, 1489; and cf. ll. 1542, 2095, 2930. See _List of Names_.
+
+l. 501. sîð = _arrival_ (?); cf. l. 353.
+
+l. 504. þon mâ = _the more_ (?), may be added to the references under þon.
+
+l. 506. E. compares the taunt of Eliab to David, I Sam. xvii. 28.
+
+l. 509. dol-gilp = _idle boasting_. The second definition in the Gloss. is
+wrong.
+
+l. 513. "Eagor-stream might possibly be translated the stream of Eagor, the
+awful terror-striking stormy sea in which the terrible [Scandinavian] giant
+dwelt, and through which he acted."--Br., p. 164. He remarks, "The English
+term _eagre_ still survives in provincial dialect for the tide-wave or bore
+on rivers. Dryden uses it in his _Threnod. Angust._ 'But like an _eagre_
+rode in triumph o'er the tide.' Yet we must be cautious," etc. Cf. Fox's
+_Boethius_, ll. 20, 236; Thorpe's _Cædmon_, 69, etc.
+
+l. 524. Krüger and B. read Bânstânes.--_Beit._ ix. 573.
+
+l. 525. R. reads wyrsan (= wyrses: cf. Mod. Gr. _guten Muthes_) geþinges;
+but H.-So. shows that the MS. wyrsan ... þingea = wyrsena þinga, _can
+stand_; cf. gen. pl. banan, _Christ_, l. 66, etc.
+
+l. 534. Insert, under eard-lufa (in Gloss.), earfoð, st. n., _trouble,
+difficulty, struggle_; acc. pl. earfeðo, 534.
+
+l. 545 _seq._ "Five nights Beowulf and Breca kept together, not swimming,
+but sailing in open boats (to swim the seas is to sail the seas), then
+storm drove them asunder ... Breca is afterwards chief of the Brondings, a
+tribe mentioned in _Wîdsíth_. The story seems legendary, not
+mythical."--Br., pp. 60, 61.
+
+ll. 574-578. B. suggests swâ þær for hwäðere, = _so there it befell me_.
+But the word at l. 574 seems = _however_, and at l. 578 = _yet_; cf. l.
+891; see S.; _Beit._ ix. 138; _Tidskr_. viii. 48; _Zacher_, iii. 387, etc.
+
+l. 586. Gr. and Grundt. read fâgum sweordum (no ic þäs fela gylpe!),
+supplying fela and blending the broken half-lines into one. Ho. and Kl.
+supply geflites.
+
+l. 599. E. translates nýd-bâde by _blackmail_; adding "nêd bâd, _toll_; nêd
+bâdere, _tolltaker_."--Land Charters, Gloss, v.
+
+l. 601. MS. has ond = _and_ in three places only (601, 1149, 2041);
+elsewhere it uses the symbol 7 = _and_.
+
+l. 612. _seq._ Cf. the drinking ceremony at l. 1025. "The royal lady offers
+the cup to Beowulf, not in his turn where he sate among the rest, but after
+it has gone the round; her approach to Beowulf is an act apart."--E.
+
+l. 620. "The [loving] cup which went the round of the company and was
+tasted by all," like the Oriel and other college anniversary cups.--E.
+
+l. 622. Cf. ll. 160, 1191, for the respective places of young and old.
+
+l. 623. Cf. the circlet of gold worn by Wealhþeów at l. 1164.
+
+l. 631. gyddode. Cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ l. 237 (ed. Morris):
+
+    "Of _yeddynges_ he bar utterly the prys."
+
+Cf. _giddy_.
+
+l. 648. Kl. suggests a period after geþinged, especially as B. (_Tidskr_.
+viii. 57) has shown that oþþe is sometimes = ond. Th. supplies ne.
+
+l. 650. oþþe here and at ll. 2476, 3007, probably = _and_.
+
+l. 651. Cf. 704, where sceadu-genga (the _night-ganger_ of _Leechdoms_, ii.
+344) is applied to the demon.--E.
+
+l. 659. Cf. l. 2431 for same formula, "to have and to hold" of the Marriage
+Service.--E.
+
+l. 681. B. considers þeáh ... eal a precursor of Mod. Eng. _although_.
+
+l. 682. gôdra = _advantages in battle_ (Gr.), _battle-skill_ (Ha.), _skill
+in war_ (H.-So.). Might not nât be changed to nah = ne + âh (cf. l. 2253),
+thus justifying the translation _ability_ (?) --_he has not the ability
+to_, etc.
+
+l. 695. Kl. reads hiera.--_Beit._ ix. 189. B. omits hîe as occurring in the
+previous hemistich.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 698. "Here Destiny is a web of cloth."--E., who compares the Greek
+Clotho, "spinster of fate." Women are also called "weavers of peace," as l.
+1943. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l. 88; _Wîdsîð_, l. 6, etc.
+
+l. 711. B. translates þâ by _when_ and connects with the preceding
+sentences, thus rejecting the ordinary canto-division at l. 711. He objects
+to the use of com as principal vb. at ll. 703, 711, and 721. (_Beit_, xii.)
+
+l. 711. "Perhaps the Gnomic verse which tells of Thyrs, the giant, is
+written with Grendel in the writer's mind,--þyrs sceal on fenne gewunian
+âna inuan lande, _the giant shall dwell in the fen, alone in the land_
+(Sweet's Read., p. 187)."--Br. p. 36.
+
+l. 717. Dietrich, in _Haupt._ xi. 419, quotes from Ælfric, _Hom._ ii. 498:
+hê beworhte þâ bigelsas mid gyldenum læfrum, _he covered the arches with
+gold-leaf_,--a Roman custom derived from Carthage. Cf. Mod. Eng. _oriel_ =
+_aureolum_, a gilded room.--E. (quoting Skeat). Cf. ll. 2257, 1097, 2247,
+2103, 2702, 2283, 333, 1751, for various uses of gold-sheets.
+
+l. 720. B. and ten Br. suggest _hell-thane_ (Grendel) for heal-þegnas, and
+make häle refer to Beowulf. Cf. l. 142.
+
+l. 723. Z. reads [ge]hrân.
+
+l. 727. For this use of standan, cf. ll. 2314, 2770; and Vergil, _Ecl._ ii. 26:
+
+    "Cum placidum ventis _staret_ mare."
+
+l. 757. gedräg. _Tumult_ is one of the meanings of this word. Here, appar.
+= _occupation, lair_.
+
+l. 759. R. reads môdega for gôda, "because the attribute cannot be
+separated from the word modified unless the two alliterate."
+
+l. 762. Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1537, for a similar use of ût = _off_.--E.
+
+l. 769. The foreign words in _Beówulf_ (as ceaster-here) are not numerous;
+others are (aside from proper names like _Cain, Abel_, etc.) deófol
+(diabolus), candel (l. 1573), ancor (l. 303), scrîfan (for- ge-), segn (l.
+47), gigant (l. 113), mîl- (l. 1363), stræt (l. 320), ombeht (l. 287), gim
+(l. 2073), etc.
+
+l. 770. MS. reads cerwen, a word conceived by B. and others to be part of a
+fem. compd.: -scerwen like -wenden in ed-wenden, -ræden, etc. (cf.
+meodu-scerpen in _Andreas_, l. 1528); emended to -scerwen, _a great scare
+under the figure of a mishap at a drinking-bout_; one might compare
+bescerwan, _to deprive_, from bescyrian (Grein, i. 93), hence ealu-seerwen
+would = _a sudden taking away, deprivation, of the beer_.--H.-So., p. 93.
+See B., _Tidskr_. viii. 292.
+
+l. 771. Ten Br. reads rêðe, rênhearde, = _raging, exceeding bold_.
+
+l. 792. Instrumental adverbial phrases like ænige þinga, nænige þinga (_not
+at all_), hûru þinga (_especially_) are not infrequent. See Cook's Sievers'
+Gram., p. 178; March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 182.
+
+l. 811. myrðe. E. translates _in wanton mood_. Toller-Bosw. does not
+recognize _sorrow_ as one of the meanings of this word.
+
+ll. 850, 851. S. reads deóp for deóg and erases semicolon after weól, =
+_the death-stained deep welled with sword-gore_; cf. l. 1424. B. reads
+deáð-fæges deóp, etc., = _the deep welled with the doomed one's
+gore_.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 857. The meaning of blaneum is partly explained by fealwe mearas below,
+l. 866. Cf. Layamon's "and leop on his _blancke" = steed_, l. 23900; Kent's
+_Elene_, l. 1185.
+
+l. 859. Körner, _Eng. Stud_. i. 482, regards the oft-recurring be sæm
+tweónum as a mere formula = _on earth_; cf. ll. 1298, 1686. tweóne is part
+of the separable prep. _between_; see be-. Cf. Baskerville's _Andreas_, l.
+558.
+
+l. 865. Cf. _Voyage of Ôhthere and Wulfstân_ for an account of funeral
+horse-racing, Sweet's Read., p. 22.
+
+l. 868. See Ha., p. 31, for a variant translation.
+
+l. 871 _seq._ R. considers this a technical description of improvised
+alliterative verse, suggested by and wrought out on the spur of the moment.
+
+l. 872. R. and B. propose secg[an], = _rehearse_, for secg, which suits the
+verbs in the next two lines.
+
+ll. 878-98. "It pleases me to think that it is in English literature we
+possess the first sketch of that mighty saga [the Volsunga Saga = Wälsinges
+gewin] which has for so many centuries engaged all the arts, and at last in
+the hands of Wagner the art of music."--Br., p. 63. Cf. _Nibelung. Lied_,
+l. 739.
+
+l. 894. Intransitive verbs, as gân, weorðan, sometimes take habban, "to
+indicate independent action."--Sw. Cf. hafað ... geworden, l. 2027.
+
+l. 895. "brûcan (_enjoy_) always has the genitive."--Sw.; cf. l. 895; acc.,
+gen., instr., dat., according to March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 151.
+
+l. 898. Scherer proposes hâte, = _from heat_, instr. of hât, _heat_; cf. l.
+2606.
+
+l. 901. hê þäs âron þâh = _he throve in honor_ (B.). Ten Br. inserts comma
+after þâh, making siððan introduce a depend. clause.--_Beit._ viii. 568.
+Cf. weorð-myndum þâh, l. 8; ll. 1155, 1243.--H.-So.
+
+l. 902. Heremôdes is considered by Heinzel to be a mere epithet = _the
+valiant_; which would refer the whole passage to Sigmund (Sigfrid), the
+eotenas, l. 903, being the Nibelungen. This, says H.-So., gets rid of the
+contradiction between the good "Heremôd" here and the bad one, l. 1710
+_seq._--B. however holds fast to Heremôd.--_Beit._ xii. 41. on feónda
+geweald, l. 904,--_into the hands of devils_, says B.; cf. ll. 809, 1721,
+2267; _Christ_, l. 1416; _Andreas_, l. 1621; for hine fyren onwôd, cf.
+_Gen._ l. 2579; Hunt's _Dan._ 17: hîe wlenco anwôd.
+
+l. 902 _seq._ "Heremôd's shame is contrasted with the glory of Sigemund,
+and with the prudence, patience, generosity, and gentleness of Beowulf as a
+chieftain."--Br., p. 66.
+
+l. 906. MS. has lemede. Toller-Bosw. corrects to lemedon.
+
+l. 917. Cf. Hunt's _Exod._, l. 170, for similar language.
+
+l. 925. hôs, G. hansa, _company_, "the word from which the mercantile
+association of the 'Hanseatic' towns took their designation."--E.
+
+l. 927. on staþole = _on the floor_ (B., Rask, ten Br.).--_Beit._ xii. 90.
+
+l. 927. May not steápne here = _bright_, from its being immediately
+followed by golde fâhne? Cf. Chaucer's "his eyen _stepe_," _Prol._ l. 201
+(ed. Morris); Cockayne's _Ste. Marherete_, pp. 9, 108; _St. Kath._, l.
+1647.
+
+l. 931. grynna may be for gyrnna (= _sorrows_), gen. plu. of gyrn, as
+suggested by one commentator.
+
+l. 937. B. (_Beit._ xii. 90) makes gehwylcne object of wîd-scofen (häfde).
+Gr. makes weá nom. absolute.
+
+l. 940. scuccum: cf. G. scheuche, scheusal; Prov. Eng. _old-shock_; perhaps
+the pop. interjection _O shucks!_ (!)
+
+l. 959. H. explains we as a "plur. of majesty," which Beówulf throws off at
+l. 964.
+
+l. 963. feónd þone frätgan (B. _Beit._ xii. 90).
+
+l. 976. synnum. "Most abstract words in the poetry have a very wide range
+of meanings, diverging widely from the prose usage, synn, for instance,
+means simply _injury, mischief, hatred_, and the prose meaning _sin_ is
+only a secondary one; hata in poetry is not only _hater_, but _persecutor,
+enemy_, just as nîð is both _hatred_ and _violence, strength_; heard is
+_sharp_ as well as _hard_."--Sw.
+
+l. 986. S. places wäs at end of l. 985 and reads stîðra nägla, omitting
+gehwylc and the commas after that and after sceáwedon. _Beit._ ix. 138;
+stêdra (H.-So.); hand-sporu (H.-So.) at l. 987.
+
+l. 986. Miller (_Anglia_, xii. 3) corrects to æghwylene, in apposition to
+fingras.
+
+l. 987. hand-sporu. See _Anglia_, vii. 176, for a discussion of the
+intrusion of u into the nom. of n-stems.
+
+l. 988. Cf. ll. 2121, 2414, for similar use of unheóru = ungeheuer.
+
+l. 992. B. suggests heátimbred for hâten, and gefrätwon for -od; Kl.,
+hroden (_Beit._ ix. 189).
+
+l. 995, 996. Gold-embroidered tapestries seem to be meant by web =
+_aurifrisium_.
+
+l. 997. After þâra þe = _of those that_, the depend, vb. often takes sg.
+for pl.; cf. ll. 844, 1462, 2384, 2736.--Sw.; Dietrich.
+
+l. 998. "Metathesis of l takes place in seld for setl, bold for botl,"
+etc.--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 96. Cf. Eng. proper names, _Bootle,
+Battle_field, etc.--Skeat, _Principles_, i. 250.
+
+l. 1000. heorras: cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ (ed. Morris) l. 550:
+
+    "Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of _harre_."
+
+ll. 1005-1007. See _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 391, and _Beit._ xii. 368, for
+R.'s and B.'s views of this difficult passage.
+
+l. 1009. Cf. l. 1612 for sæl and mæl, surviving still in E. Anglia in "mind
+your _seals and meals_," = _times and occasions_, i.e. have your wits about
+you.--E.
+
+ll. 1012, 1013. Cf. ll. 753, 754 for two similar comparatives used in
+conjunction.
+
+l. 1014. Cf. l. 327 for similar language.
+
+ll. 1015, 1016. H.-So. puts these two lines in parentheses (fylle ...
+þâra). Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 91.
+
+l. 1024. One of the many famous swords spoken of in the poem. See Hrunting,
+ll. 1458, 1660; Hûnlâfing, l. 1144, etc. Cf. Excalibur, Roland's sword, the
+Nibelung Balmung, etc.
+
+l. 1034. scûr-heard. For an ingenious explanation of this disputed word see
+Professor Pearce's article in _Mod. Lang. Notes_, Nov. 1, 1892, and ensuing
+discussion.
+
+l. 1039. eoderas is of doubtful meaning. H. and Toller-Bosw. regard the
+word here = _enclosure, palings of the court_. Cf. _Cædmon_, ll. 2439,
+2481. The passage throws interesting light on horses and their trappings
+
+l. 1043. Grundt. emends wîg to wicg, = _charger_; and E. quotes Tacitus,
+_Germania_, 7.
+
+l. 1044. "Power over each and both"; cf. "all and some," "one and all."
+
+For Ingwin, see _List of Names_.
+
+l. 1065. Gr. contends that fore here = de, _concerning, about_ (Ebert's
+_Jahrb._, 1862, p. 269).
+
+l. 1069. H.-So. supplies fram after eaferum, to govern it, = _concerning_
+(?). Cf. _Fight at Finnsburg_, Appendix.
+
+l. 1070. For the numerous names of the Danes, "bright-" "spear-" "east-"
+"west-" "ring-" Danes, see these words.
+
+l. 1073. Eotenas = _Finn's people, the Frisians_; cf. ll. 1089, 1142, 1146,
+etc., and _Beit._ xii. 37. Why they are so called is not known.
+
+l. 1084. R. proposes wiht Hengeste wið gefeohtan (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii.
+394). Kl., wið H. wiht gefeohtan.
+
+ll. 1085 and 1099. weá-lâf occurs in Wulfstan, _Hom._ 133, ed. Napier.--E.
+Cf. daroða lâf, _Brunanb._, l. 54; âdes lâfe, _Phoenix_, 272 (Bright), etc.
+
+l. 1098. elne unflitme = _so dass der eid (der inhalt des eides) nicht
+streitig war_.--B., _Beit._ iii. 30. But cf. 1130, where Hengist and Finn
+are again brought into juxtaposition and the expression ealles (?) unhlitme
+occurs.
+
+l. 1106. The pres. part. + be, as myndgiend wære here, is comparatively
+rare in original A.-S. literature, but occurs abundantly in translations
+from the Latin. The periphrasis is generally meaningless. Cf. l. 3029.
+
+l. 1108. Körner suggests ecge, = _sword_, in reference to a supposed old
+German custom of placing ornaments, etc., on the point of a sword or spear
+(_Eng. Stud._ i. 495). Singer, ince-gold = _bright gold_; B., andiége =
+Goth, _andaugjo, evidently_. Cf. incge lâfe, l. 2578. Possibly: and inge (=
+_young men_) gold âhôfon of horde. For inge, cf. Hunt's _Exod._ l. 190.
+
+ll. 1115-1120. R. proposes (hêt þâ ...) bânfatu bärnan ond on bæl dôn,
+earme on eaxe = _to place the arms in the ashes_, reading gûðrêc =
+_battle-reek_, for -rinc (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 395). B., Sarrazin
+(_Beit._ xi. 530), Lichtenfeld (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 330), C., etc.,
+propose various emendations. See H.-So., p. 97, and _Beit._ viii. 568. For
+gùðrinc âstâh, cf. Old Norse, _stiga á bál_, "ascend the bale-fire."
+
+l. 1116. sweoloðe. "On Dartmoor the burning of the furze up the hillsides
+to let new grass grow, is called _zwayling_."--E. Cf. _sultry_, G.
+_schwül_, etc.
+
+l. 1119. Cf. wudu-rêc âstâh, l. 3145; and _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 450: wælmist
+âstâh.
+
+l. 1122. ätspranc = _burst forth, arose_ (omitted from the Gloss.), < ät +
+springan.
+
+l. 1130. R. and Gr. read elne unflitme, = _loyally and without contest_, as
+at l. 1098. Cf. Ha., p. 39; H.-So., p. 97.
+
+l. 1137. scacen = _gone_; cf. ll. 1125, 2307, 2728.
+
+l. 1142. "The sons of the Eotenas" (B., _Beit._ xii. 31, who conjectures a
+gap after 1142).
+
+l. 1144. B. separates thus: Hûn Lâfing, = _Hûn placed the sword Lâfing_,
+etc.--_Beit._ xii. 32; cf. R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 396. Heinzel and
+Homburg make other conjectures (Herrig's _Archiv_, 72, 374, etc.).
+
+l. 1143. B., H.-So., and Möller read: worod rædenne, þonne him Hûn Lâfing,
+= _military brotherhood, when Hûn laid upon his breast_ (the sword)
+_Lâfing_. There is a sword _Laufi, Lövi_ in the Norse sagas; but swords,
+armor, etc., are often called the _leaving_ (lâf) of files, hammers, etc.,
+especially a precious heirloom; cf. ll. 454, 1033, 2830, 2037, 2629, 796,
+etc., etc.
+
+l. 1152. roden = _reddened_ (B., _Tidskr_. viii. 295).
+
+l. 1160. For ll. 1069-1160, containing the Finn episode, cf. Möller,
+_Alteng. Volksepos_, 69, 86, 94; Heinzel, _Anz. f. dtsch. Altert._, 10,
+226; B., _Beit._ xii. 29-37. Cf. _Wîdsîð_, l. 33, etc.
+
+ll. 1160, 1161. leóð (lied = _song, lay_) and gyd here appear synonyms.
+
+ll. 1162-1165. "Behind the wars and tribal wanderings, behind the
+contentions of the great, we watch in this poem the steady, continuous life
+of home, the passions and thoughts of men, the way they talked and moved
+and sang and drank and lived and loved among one another and for one
+another."--Br., p. 18.
+
+l. 1163. Cf. _wonderwork_. So _wonder-death, wonder-bidding,
+wonder-treasure, -smith, -sight_, etc. at ll. 1748, 3038, 2174, 1682, 996,
+etc. Cf. the German use of the same intensive, = _wondrous_, in
+_wunder-schön_, etc.
+
+l. 1165. þâ gyt points to some future event when "each" was not "true to
+other," undeveloped in this poem, suhtor-gefäderan = Hrôðgâr and Hrôðulf,
+l. 1018. Cf. âðum-swerian, l. 84.
+
+l. 1167 almost repeats l. 500, ät fôtum, etc., where Ûnferð is first
+introduced.
+
+l. 1191. E. sees in this passage separate seats for youth and middle-aged
+men, as in English college halls, chapels, convocations, and churches
+still.
+
+l. 1192. ymbutan, _round about_, is sometimes thus separated: ymb hie ûtan;
+cf. _Voyage of Ôhthere_, etc. (Sw.), p. 18, l. 34, etc.; _Beówulf_, ll.
+859, 1686, etc.
+
+l. 1194. bewägned, a [Greek: hapax legomenon], tr. _offered_ by Th.
+Probably a p. p. wägen, made into a vb. by -ian, like _own, drown_, etc.
+Cf. hafenian ( < hafen, < hebban), etc.
+
+l. 1196. E. takes the expression to mean "mantle and its rings or
+broaches." "Rail" long survived in Mid. Eng. (_Piers Plow_., etc.).
+
+l. 1196. This necklace was afterwards given by Beowulf to Hygd, ll. 2173,
+2174.
+
+ll. 1199-1215. From the obscure hints in the passage, a part of the poem
+may be approximately dated,--if Hygelâc is the _Chochi-laicus_ of Gregory
+of Tours, _Hist. Francorum_, iii. 3,--about A.D. 512-20.
+
+l. 1200. The Breosinga men (Icel. _Brisinga men_) is the necklace of the
+goddess Freya; cf. _Elder Edda, Hamarshemt_. Hâma stole the necklace from
+the Gothic King Eormenrîc; cf. _Traveller's Song_, ll. 8, 18, 88, 111. The
+comparison of the two necklaces leads the poet to anticipate Hygelâc's
+history,--a suggestion of the poem's mosaic construction.
+
+l. 1200. For Brôsinga mene, cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 72. C. suggests fleáh, =
+_fled_, for fealh, placing semicolon after byrig, and making hê subject of
+fleáh and geceás.
+
+l. 1202. B. conjectures geceás êcne ræd to mean _he became a pious man and
+at death went to heaven_. Heime (Hâma) in the _Thidrekssaga_ goes into a
+cloister = to choose the better part (?). Cf. H.-So., p. 98. But cf.
+Hrôðgâr's language to Beowulf, ll. 1760, 1761.
+
+l. 1211. S. proposes feoh, = _property_, for feorh, which would be a
+parallel for breóst-gewædu ... beáh below.
+
+l. 1213. E. remarks that in the _Laws of Cnut_, i. 26, the devil is called
+se wôdfreca werewulf, _the ravening werwolf_.
+
+l. 1215. C. proposes heals-bêge onfêng. _Beit._ viii. 570. For hreâ- Kl.
+suggests hræ-.
+
+l. 1227. The son referred to is, according to Ettmüller, the one that
+reigns after Hrôðgâr.
+
+l. 1229. Kl. suggests sî, = _be_, for _is_.
+
+l. 1232. S. gives _wine-elated_ as the meaning of druncne.--_Beit._ ix.
+139; Kl. _ibid_. 189, 194. But cf. _Judith_, ll. 67, 107.
+
+l. 1235. Cf. l. 119 for similarity of language.
+
+l. 1235. Kl. proposes gea-sceaft; but cf. l. 1267.
+
+l. 1246. Ring armor was common in the Middle Ages. E. points out the
+numerous forms of byrne in cognate languages,--Gothic, Icelandic, OHG.,
+Slavonic, O. Irish, Romance, etc. Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, i. 126. Cf.
+Murray's _Dict._ s. v.
+
+l. 1248. ânwîg-gearwe = _ready for single combat_ (C.); but cf. Ha. p. 43;
+_Beit._ ix. 210, 282.
+
+l. 1252. Some consider this _fitt_ the beginning of Part (or Lay) II. of
+the original epic, if not a separate work in itself.
+
+l. 1254. K., W., and Ho. read farode = _wasted;_ Kolbing reads furode; but
+cf. wêsten warode, l. 1266. MS. has warode.
+
+ll. 1255-1258. This passage is a good illustration of the constant
+parallelism of word and phrase characteristic of A.-S. poetry, and is
+quoted by Sw. The changes are rung on ende and swylt, on gesýne and wîdcûð,
+etc.
+
+l. 1259. "That this story of Grendel's mother was originally a separate lay
+from the first seems to be suggested by the fact that the monsters are
+described over again, and many new details added, such as would be inserted
+by a new singer who wished to enhance and adorn the original tale."--Br.,
+p. 41.
+
+l. 1259. Cf. l. 107, which also points to the ancestry of murderers and
+monsters and their descent from "Cain."
+
+l. 1261. The MS. has se þe, m.; changed by some to seo þe. At ll. 1393,
+1395, 1498, Grendel's mother is referred to as m.; at ll. 1293, 1505,
+1541-1546, etc., as f., the uncertain pronoun designating a creature female
+in certain aspects, but masculine in demonic strength and
+savageness.--H.-So.; Sw. p. 202. Cf. the masc. epithets at ll. 1380, 2137,
+etc.
+
+l. 1270. âglæca = _Grendel_, though possibly referring to Beowulf, as at l.
+1513.--Sw.
+
+l. 1273. "It is not certain whether anwalda stands for onwealda, or whether
+it should be read ânwealda, = _only ruler_.--Sw.
+
+l. 1279. The MS. has sunu þeod wrecan, which R. changes to sunu
+þeód-wrecan, þeód- = _monstrous_; but why not regard þeód as opposition to
+sunu, = _her son, the prince?_ See Sweet's Reader, and Körner's discussion,
+_Eng. Stud._ i. 500.
+
+l. 1281. Ten Br. suggests (for sôna) sâra = _return of sorrows._
+
+l. 1286. "geþuren (twice so written in MSS.) stands for geþrúen, _forged_,
+and is an isolated p. p."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., 209. But see Toller-Bosw.
+for examples; Sw., Gloss.; March, p. 100, etc.
+
+ll. 1292. þe hine = _whom;_ cf. ll. 441, 1437, 1292; _Hêliand_, l. 1308.
+
+l. 1298. be sæm tweonum; cf. l. 1192; Hunt's _Exod_. l. 442; and Mod. Eng.
+"to _us_-ward, etc.--Earle's _Philol._, p. 449. Cf. note, l. 1192.
+
+l. 1301. C. proposes ôðer him ärn = _another apartment was assigned him_.
+
+l. 1303. B. conjectures under hrôf genam; but Ha., p. 45, shows this to be
+unnecessary, under also meaning _in_, as _in_ (or _under_) these
+circumstances.
+
+l. 1319. E. and Sw. suggest nægde or nêgde, _accosted_, < nêgan = Mid. Ger.
+_nêhwian_, pr. p. _nêhwiandans, approach_. For hnægan, _press down,
+vanquish_, see ll. 1275, 1440, etc.
+
+l. 1321. C. suggests neád-lâðum for neód-laðu, _after crushing hostility_;
+but cf. freónd-laðu, l. 1193.
+
+l. 1334. K. and ten Br. conjecture gefägnod = _rejoicing in her fill_, a
+parallel to æse wlanc, l. 1333.
+
+l. 1340. B. translates: "and she has executed a deed of blood-vengeance of
+far-reaching consequence."--_Beit._ xii. 93.
+
+l. 1345. B. reads geó for eów (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 205).
+
+ll. 1346-1377. "This is a fine piece of folk-lore in the oldest extant
+form.... The authorities for the story are the rustics (ll. 1346, 1356)."
+--E.
+
+l. 1347. Cf. sele-rædende at l. 51.
+
+l. 1351. "The ge [of gewitan] may be merely a scribal error,--a repetition
+(dittography) of the preceding ge of gewislîcost."--Sw.
+
+l. 1352. ides, like firas, _men_, etc., is a poetic word supposed by Grimm
+to have been applied, like Gr. [Greek: númphæ], to superhuman or
+semi-divine women.
+
+ll. 1360-1495 _seq._ E. compares this Dantesque tarn and scenery with the
+poetical accounts of _Æneid_, vii. 563; _Lucretius_, vi. 739, etc.
+
+l. 1360. firgenstreám occurs also in the _Phoenix_ (Bright, p. 168) l. 100;
+_Andreas_, ll. 779, 3144 (K.); _Gnomic Verses_, l. 47, etc.
+
+l. 1363. The genitive is often thus used to denote measure = by or in
+miles; cf. l. 3043; and contrast with partitive gen. at l. 207.
+
+l. 1364. The MS. reads hrinde = hrînende (?), which Gr. adopts; K. and Th.
+read hrinde-bearwas; hringde, _encircling_ (Sarrazin, _Beit._ xi. 163);
+hrîmge = _frosty_ (Sw.); _with frost-whiting covered_ (Ha.). See Morris,
+_Blickling Hom_., Preface, vi., vii.
+
+l. 1364. Cf. Ruin, hrîmige edoras behrofene, _rimy, roofless halls_.
+
+l. 1366. nîðwundor may = nið- (as in nið-sele, _q. v._) wundor, _wonder of
+the deep_.
+
+l. 1368. The personal pronoun is sometimes omitted in subordinate and even
+independent clauses; cf. wite here; and Hunt's _Exod_., l. 319.
+
+l. 1370. hornum. Such "datives of manner or respect" are not infrequent
+with adj.
+
+l. 1371. "seleð is not dependent on ær, for in that case it would be in the
+subjunctive, but ær is simply an adverb, correlative with the conjunction
+ær in the next line: 'he will (sooner) give up his life, before he will,'
+etc."--Sw.
+
+l. 1372. Cf. ll. 318 and 543 for willan with similar omitted inf.
+
+l. 1373. heafola is found only in poetry.--Sw. It occurs thirteen or
+fourteen times in this poem. Cf. the poetic gamol, swât (l. 2694), etc.,
+for eald, blôd.
+
+l. 1391. uton: hortatory subj. of wîtan, _go_, = _let us go;_ cf. French
+_allons_, Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_, etc. + inf. Cf. ll. 2649, 3102.
+
+l. 1400. H. is dat. of person indirectly affected, = advantage.
+
+l. 1402. geatolîc probably = _in his equipments_, as B. suggests (_Beit._
+xii. 83), comparing searolîc.
+
+ll. 1402, 1413 reproduce the wk. form of the pret. of gân (Goth,
+_gaggida_). Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1096, etc.
+
+l. 1405. S. (_Beit._ ix. 140) supplies [þær heó] gegnum fôr; B. (_ibid._
+xii. 14) suggests hwær heó.
+
+l. 1411. B., Gr., and E. take ân-paðas = paths wide enough for only one,
+like Norwegian _einstig_; cf. stîge nearwe, just above. _Trail_ is the
+meaning. Cf. enge ânpaðas, uncûð gelâd, _Exod._ (Hunt), l. 58.
+
+l. 1421. Cf. oncýð, l. 831. The whole passage (ll. 1411-1442) is replete
+with suggestions of walrus-hunting, seal-fishing, harpooning of sea-animals
+(l. 1438), etc.
+
+l. 1425. E. quotes from the 8th cent. Corpus Gloss., "_Falanx_ foeða."
+
+l. 1428. For other mention of nicors, cf. ll. 422, 575, 846. E. remarks,
+"it survives in the phrase 'Old Nick' ... a word of high authority ...
+Icel. _nykr_, water-goblin, Dan. _nök, nisse_, Swed. _näcken_, G. _nix,
+nixe_, etc." See Skeat, _Nick._
+
+l. 1440. Sw. reads gehnæged, _prostrated_, and regards nîða as gen. pl.
+"used instrumentally," = _by force._
+
+l. 1441. -bora = _bearer, stirrer;_ occurs in other compds., as mund-,
+ræd-, wæg-bora.
+
+l. 1447. him = _for him_, a remoter dative of reference.--Sw.
+
+l. 1455. Gr. reads brondne, = _flaming_.
+
+l. 1457. león is the inf. of lâh; cf. onlâh (< onleón) at l. 1468. lîhan
+was formerly given as the inf.; cf. læne = læhne.
+
+l. 1458. Cf. the similar dat. of possession as used in Latin.
+
+l. 1458. H.-So. compares the Icelandic saga account of Grettir's battle
+with the giant in the cave. häft-mêce may be = Icel. _heptisax_ (_Anglia_,
+iii. 83), "hip-knife."
+
+l. 1459. "The sense seems to be 'pre-eminent among the old treasures.' ...
+But possibly foran is here a prep. with the gen.: 'one before the old
+treasures.'".--Sw. For other examples of foran, cf. ll. 985, 2365.
+
+l. 1460. âter-teárum = _poison-drops_ (C., _Beit._ viii. 571; S., _ibid_.
+xi. 359).
+
+l. 1467. þät, comp. relative, = _that which_; "we testify _that_ we do
+know."
+
+l. 1480. forð-gewitenum is in appos. to me, = _mihi defuncto_.--M.
+Callaway, _Am. Journ. of Philol._, October, 1889.
+
+l. 1482. nime. Conditional clauses of doubt or future contingency take gif
+or bûton with subj.; cf. ll. 452, 594; of fact or certainty, the ind.; cf.
+ll. 442, 447, 527, 662, etc. For bûton, cf. ll. 967, 1561.
+
+l. 1487. "findan sometimes has a preterit funde in W. S. after the manner
+of the weak preterits."--Cook's Sievers' Cram., p, 210.
+
+l. 1490. Kl. reads wäl-sweord, = _battle-sword_.
+
+l. 1507. "This cave under the sea seems to be another of those natural
+phenomena of which the writer had personal knowledge (ll. 2135, 2277), and
+which was introduced by him into the mythical tale to give it a local
+color. There are many places of this kind. Their entrance is under the
+lowest level of the tide."--Br., p. 45.
+
+l. 1514. B. (_Beit._ xii. 362) explains niðsele, hrôfsele as _roof-covered
+hall in the deep_; cf. Grettir Saga (_Anglia_, iii. 83).
+
+l. 1538. Sw., R., and ten Br. suggest feaxe for eaxle, = _seized by the
+hair_.
+
+l. 1543. and-leán (R.); cf. l. 2095. The MS. has hand-leán.
+
+l. 1546. Sw. and S. read seax.--_Beit._ ix. 140.
+
+l. 1557. H.-So. omits comma and places semicolon after ýðelîce; Sw. and S.
+place comma after gescêd.
+
+l. 1584. ôðer swylc = _another fifteen_ (Sw.); = _fully as many_ (Ha.).
+
+ll. 1592-1613 _seq._ Cf. _Anglia_, iii; 84 (Grettir Saga).
+
+l. 1595. blondenfeax = _grizzly-haired_ (Bright, Reader, p. 258); cf.
+_Brunanb._, l. 45 (Bright).
+
+l. 1599. gewearð, impers. vb., = _agree, decide = many agreed upon this,
+that_, etc. (Ha., p. 55; cf. ll. 2025-2027, 1997; B., _Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1605. C. supposes wiston = wîscton = _wished_.--_Beit._ viii. 571.
+
+l. 1607. broden mæl is now regarded as a comp. noun, = _inlaid or
+damascened sword_.--W., Ho.
+
+l. 1611. wäl-râpas = _water-ropes = bands of frost_ (l. 1610) (?). Possibly
+the Prov. Eng. weele, _whirlpool_. Cf. wæl, _gurges_, Wright, Voc., _Gnom.
+Verses_, l. 39.--E.
+
+l. 1611. wægrâpas (Sw.) = _wave-bands_ (Ha.).
+
+l. 1622. B. suggests eatna = eotena, eardas, _haunts of the giants_
+(Northumbr. ea for eo).
+
+l. 1635. cyning-holde (B., _Beit._ xii. 369); cf. l. 290.
+
+l. 1650. H., Gr., and Ettmüller understand idese to refer to the queen.
+
+l. 1651. Cf. _Anglia_, iii. 74, _Beit._ xi. 167, for coincidences with the
+Grettir Saga (13th cent.).
+
+l. 1657. Restore MS. reading wigge in place of wîge.
+
+l. 1664. B. proposes eotenise ... èste for eácen ... oftost, omitting
+brackets (_Zackers Zeitschr._ iv. 206). G. translates _mighty ... often_.
+
+l. 1675. ondrædan. "In late texts the final n of the preposition on is
+frequently lost when it occurs in a compound word or stereotyped phrase,
+and the prefix then appears as a: abútan, amang, aweg, aright,
+adr'ædan."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 98.
+
+ll. 1680-1682. Giants and their work are also referred to at ll. 113, 455,
+1563, 1691, etc.
+
+l. 1680. Cf. ceastra ... orðanc enta geweorc, _Gnomic Verses_, l. 2;
+Sweet's Reader, p. 186.
+
+ll. 1687-1697. "In this description of the writing on the sword, we see the
+process of transition from heathen magic to the notions of Christian times
+.... The history of the flood and of the giants ... were substitutes for
+names of heathen gods, and magic spells for victory."--E. Cf. Mohammedan
+usage.
+
+ll. 1703, 1704. þät þê eorl nære geboren betera (B., _Tidskr._ 8, 52).
+
+l. 1715. âna hwearf = _he died solitary and alone_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38); =
+_lonely_ (Ha.); = _alone_ (G.).
+
+l. 1723. leód-bealo longsum = _eternal hell-torment_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38,
+who compares _Ps. Cott._ 57, lîf longsum).
+
+l. 1729. E. translates on lufan, _towards possession_; Ha., _to
+possessions_.
+
+l. 1730. môdgeþonc, like lig, sæ, segn, niht, etc., is of double gender
+(m., n. in the case of môdgeþ.).
+
+l. 1741. The doctrine of nemesis following close on [Greek: hubris], or
+overweening pride, is here very clearly enunciated. The only protector
+against the things that "assault and hurt" the soul is the "Bishop and
+Shepherd of our souls" (l. 1743).
+
+l. 1745 appears dimly to fore-shadow the office of the evil archer Loki,
+who in the Scandinavian mythology shoots Balder with a mistletoe twig. The
+language closely resembles that of Psalm 64.
+
+l. 1748. Kl. regards wom = wô(u)m; cf. wôh-bogen, l. 2828. See Gloss., p.
+295, under wam. Contrast the construction of bebeorgan a few lines below
+(l. 1759), where the dat. and acc. are associated.
+
+l. 1748. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 167, for declension of wôh, _wrong_
+= gen. wôs or wôges, dat. wô(u)m, etc.; pl. gen. wôra, dat. wô(u)m, etc.;
+and cf. declension of heáh, hreóh, rûh, etc.
+
+l. 1748. wergan gâstes; cf. _Blickl. Hom._ vii.; _Andreas_, l. 1171. "_Auld
+Wearie_ is used in Scotland, or was used a few years ago, ... to mean the
+devil."--E. Bede's _Eccles. Hist._ contains (naturally) many examples of
+the expression = devil.
+
+l. 1750. on gyld = _in reward_ (B. _Beit._ xii. 95); Ha. translates
+_boastfully_; G., _for boasting_; Gr., _to incite to boastfulness_. Cf.
+_Christ_, l. 818.
+
+l. 1767. E. thinks this an allusion to the widespread superstition of the
+evil eye (_mal occhio, mauvais æil_). Cf. Vergil, _Ecl._ iii. 103. He
+remarks that Pius IX., Gambetta, and President Carnot were charged by their
+enemies with possessing this weapon.
+
+l. 1784. wigge geweorðad (MS. wigge weorðad) is C.'s conjecture; cf.
+_Elene_, l. 150. So G., _honored in war_.
+
+l. 1785. The future generally implied in the present of beón is plainly
+seen in this line; cf. ll. 1826, 661, 1830, 1763, etc.
+
+l. 1794. Some impers. vbs. take acc. (as here, Geat) of the person
+affected; others (as þyncan) take the dat. of the person, as at ll. 688,
+1749, etc. Cf. verbs of dreaming, being ashamed, desiring, etc.--March,
+A.-S. Gram., p. 145.
+
+l. 1802. E. remarks that the blaca hrefn here is a bird of good omen, as
+opposed to se wonna hrefn of l. 3025. The raven, wolf, and eagle are the
+regular epic accompaniments of battle and carnage. Cf. ll. 3025-3028;
+_Maldon_, 106; _Judith_, 205-210, etc.
+
+l. 1803. S. emends to read: "then came the light, going bright after
+darkness: the warriors," etc. Cf. Ho., p. 41, l. 23. G. puts period before
+"the warriors." For onettan, cf. Sw.'s Gloss, and Bright's Read., Gloss.
+
+ll. 1808-1810. Müllenh. and Grundt. refer se hearda to Beowulf, correct
+sunu (MS.) to suna Ecglâfes (i.e. Unferth); [_he_] (Beo.) _thanked him_
+(Un.) _for the loan_. Cf. ll. 344, 581, 1915.
+
+ll. 1823-1840. "Beowulf departing pledges his services to Hroðgar, to be
+what afterwards in the mature language of chivalry was called his 'true
+knight'"--E.
+
+l. 1832. Kl. corrects to dryhtne, in appos. with Higelâce.
+
+l. 1835 gâr-holt more properly means _spear-shaft_; cf. äsc-holt.
+
+l. 1855. sêl = _better_ (Grundt.; B., _Beit._ xii. 96), instead of MS. wel.
+
+ll. 1855-1866. "An ideal picture of international amity according to the
+experience and doctrine of the eighth century."--E.
+
+l. 1858. S. and Kl. correct to gemæne, agreeing with sib.--_Beit._ ix. 140,
+190.
+
+l. 1862. "The gannet is a great diver, plunging down into the sea from a
+considerable height, such as forty feet."--E.
+
+l. 1863. Kl. suggests heafu, = _seas_.
+
+l. 1865. B. proposes geþôhte, = _with firm thought_, for geworhte; cf. l.
+611.
+
+l. 1876. geseón = _see again_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 190). S. and B. insert nâ
+to modify geseón and explain Hrôðgâr's tears. Ha. and G. follow Heyne's
+text. Cf. l. 567.
+
+l. 1881. Is beorn here = bearn (be-arn?) of l. 67? or more likely = born,
+barn, = _burned?_--S., Th.
+
+l. 1887. orleahtre is a _[Greek: hapax legomenon]_. E. compares Tennyson's
+"blameless" king. Cf. also ll. 2015, 2145; and the gôd cyning of l. 11.
+
+l. 1896. scaðan = _warriors_ (cf. l. 1804) has been proposed by C.; but cf.
+l. 253.
+
+l. 1897. The boat had been left, at ll. 294-302, in the keeping of
+Hrôðgâr's men; at l. 1901 the bât-weard is specially honored by Beowulf
+with a sword and becomes a "sworded squire."--E. This circumstance appears
+to weld the poem together. Cf. also the speed of the journey home with ymb
+ân-tîd ôþres dôgores of l. 219, and the similarity of language in both
+passages (fâmig-heals, clifu, nässas, sælde, brim, etc.).--The nautical
+terms in Beowulf would form an interesting study.
+
+l. 1904. R. proposes, gewât him on naca, = _the vessel set out_, on
+alliterating as at l. 2524 (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 402). B. reads on
+nacan, but inserts irrelevant matter (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1913. Cf. the same use of ceól, = _ship_, in the _A.-S. Chron._, ed.
+Earle-Plummer; _Gnomic Verses_, etc.
+
+l. 1914. S. inserts þät hê before on lande.
+
+l. 1916. B. makes leófra manna depend on wlâtode, = _looked for the dear
+men ready at the coast_ (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1924. Gr., W., and Ho. propose wunade, = _remained;_ but cf. l. 1929. S.
+conceives ll. 1924, 1925 as "direct speech" (_Beit._ ix. 141).
+
+l. 1927 _seq._ "The women of Beowulf are of the fine northern type; trusted
+and loved by their husbands and by the nobles and people; generous, gentle,
+and holding their place with dignity."--Br., p. 67. Thrytho is the
+exception, l. 1932 _seq._
+
+l. 1933. C. suggests frêcnu, = _dangerous, bold_, for Thrytho could not be
+called "excellent." G. writes "Modthrytho" as her name. The womanly Hygd
+seems purposely here contrasted with the terrible Thrytho, just as, at l.
+902 _seq._, Sigemund and Heremôd are contrasted. For Thrytho, etc., cf.
+Gr., _Jahrb. für rom. u. eng. Lit._ iv. 279; Müllenhoff, _Haupts Zeitschr._
+xiv. 216; Matthew Paris; Suchier, _Beit._ iv. 500-521; R. _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 402; B., _ibid._ iv. 206; Körner, _Eng. Stud._ i. 489-492;
+H.-So., p. 106.
+
+l. 1932-1963. K. first pointed out the connection between the historical
+Offa, King of Mercia, and his wife Cwendrida, and the Offa and Þryðo (Gr.'s
+_Drida_ of the _Vita Offæ Secundi_) of the present passage. The tale is
+told of her, not of Hygd.
+
+l. 1936. Suchier proposes andæges, = _eye to eye_; Leo proposes ândæges, =
+_the whole day_; G., _by day_. No change is necessary if an be taken to
+govqern hire, = _on her_, and däges be explained (like nihtes, etc.) as a
+genitive of time, = _by day_.
+
+l. 1943. R. and Suchier propose onsêce, = _seek, require_; but cf. 2955.
+
+l. 1966. Cf. the _heofoncandel_ of _Exod_. l. 115 (Hunt). Shak.'s 'night's
+candles.'
+
+l. 1969. Cf. l. 2487 _seq._ for the actual slayer of Ongenþeów, i.e. Eofor,
+to whom Hygelâc gave his only daughter as a reward, l. 2998.
+
+l. 1981. meodu-scencum = _with mead-pourers_ or _mead-cups_ (G., Ha.);
+_draught or cup of mead_ (Toller-Bosw.).
+
+l. 1982. K., Th., W., H. supply [heal-]reced; Holler [heá-].
+
+l. 1984. B. defends the MS., reading hæ nû (for hæðnû), which he regards as
+= Heinir, the inhabitants of the Jutish "heaths" (hæð). Cf. H.-So., p. 107;
+_Beit._ xii. 9.
+
+l. 1985. sînne. "In poetry there is a reflexive possessive of the third
+person, sîn (declined like mîn). It is used not only as a true reflexive,
+but also as a non-reflexive (= Lat. _ejus_)"--Sw.; Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 185. Cf. ll. 1508, 1961, 2284, 2790.
+
+l. 1994. Cf. l. 190 for a similar use of seáð; cf. to "glow" with emotion,
+"boil" with indignation, "burn" with anger, etc. weallan is often so used;
+cf. ll. 2332, 2066, etc.
+
+l. 2010. B. proposes fâcne, = _in treachery_, for fenne. Cf. _Juliana_, l.
+350; _Beit._ xii. 97.
+
+l. 2022. Food of specific sorts is rarely, if at all, mentioned in the
+poem. Drink, on the other hand, occurs in its primitive varieties,--_ale_
+(as here: ealu-wæg), _mead, beer, wine, lîð_ (cider? Goth. _leiþus_, Prov.
+Ger. _leit-_ in _leit-haus_, ale-house), etc.
+
+l. 2025. Kl. proposes is for wäs.
+
+l. 2027. Cf. l. 1599 for a similar use of weorðan, = _agree, be pleased
+with_ (Ha.); _appear_ (Sw., Reader, 6th ed.).
+
+ll. 2030, 2031. Ten Br. proposes: oft seldan ( = _gave_) wære äfter
+leód-hryre: lytle hwîle bongâr bûgeð, þeáh seó brýd duge = _oft has a
+treaty been given after the fall of a prince: but little while the
+murder-spear resteth, however excellent the bride be._ Cf. Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+190; B., _Beit._ xii. 369; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ in. 404; Ha., p. 69; G.,
+p. 62.
+
+l. 2036. Cf. Kl, _Beit._ ix. 191; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 404.
+
+l. 2042. For beáh B. reads bâ, = _both_, i.e. Freaware and the Dane.
+
+l. 2063. Thorkelin and Conybeare propose wîgende, = _fighting_, for
+lifigende.
+
+l. 2068. W.'s edition begins section xxx. (not marked in the MS.) with this
+line. Section xxxix. (xxxviii. in copies A and B, xxxix. in Thorkelin) is
+not so designated in the MS., though þâ (at l. 2822) is written with
+capitals and xl. begins at l. 2893.
+
+l. 2095. Cf. l. 1542, and note.
+
+l. 2115 _seq._ B. restores thus:
+
+                      Þær on innan gióng
+    niðða nâthwylc,      neóde tô gefêng
+    hæðnum horde;      hond ätgenam
+    seleful since fâh;      nê hê þät syððan âgeaf,
+    þeáh þe hê slæpende      besyrede hyrde
+    þeófes cräfte:       þät se þióden onfand,
+    bý-folc beorna,       þät hê gebolgen wäs.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 99; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 210.
+
+l. 2128. ätbär here = _bear away_, not given in the Gloss.
+
+l. 2129. B. proposes færunga, = _suddenly_, for Gr.'s reading in the
+text.--_Beit._ xii. 98.
+
+l. 2132. MS. has þine life, which Leo translates _by thy leave_ (= ON.
+_leyfi_); B., _by thy life_.--_Beit._ xii. 369.
+
+l. 2150. B. renders gen, etc., by "now I serve thee alone again as my
+gracious king" (_Beit._ xii. 99).
+
+l. 2151. The forms hafu [hafo], hafast, hafað, are poetic archaisms.--Sw.
+
+l. 2153. Kl. proposes ealdor, = _prince_, for eafor. W. proposes the compd.
+eafor-heáfodsegn, = _helm_; cf. l. 1245.
+
+l. 2157. The wk. form of the adj. is frequent in the vocative, especially
+when postponed: "Beowulf leófa," l. 1759. So, often, in poetry in nom.:
+wudu selesta, etc.
+
+l. 2158. ærest is possibly the verbal subs. from ârîsan, _to arise, =
+arising, origin_. R. suggested ærist, _arising, origin_. Cf. Bede, _Eccles.
+Hist._, ed. Miller, where the word is spelt as above, but = (as usual)
+_resurrection_. See Sweet, Reader, p. 211; E.-Plummer's _Chronicle_, p.
+302, etc. The MS. has est. See Ha., p. 73; S., _Beit._ x. 222; and cf. l.
+2166.
+
+l. 2188. Gr., W., H. supply [wên]don, = _weened_, instead of Th.'s [oft
+säg]don.
+
+l. 2188. The "slack" Beowulf, like the sluggish Brutus, ultimately reveals
+his true character, and is presented with a historic sword of honor. It is
+"laid on his breast" (l. 2195) as Hun laid Lâfing on Hengest's breast, l.
+1145.
+
+l. 2188. "The boy was at first slothful, and the Geats thought him an
+unwarlike prince, and long despised him. Then, like many a lazy third son
+in the folk tales, a change came, he suddenly showed wonderful daring and
+was passionate for adventure."--Br., p. 22.
+
+l. 2196. "Seven of thousands, manor and lordship" (Ha.). Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+191, thinks with Ettm. that þûsendo means a hide of land (see Schmid, _Ges.
+der Angl_, 610), Bede's familia = 1/2 sq. meter; seofan being used (like
+hund, l. 2995) only for the alliteration.
+
+l. 2196. "A vast Honour of 7000 hides, a mansion, and a judgment-seat"
+[throne].--E.
+
+l. 2210. MS. has the more correct wintra.
+
+l. 2211. Cf. similar language about the dragon at l. 100. Beowulf's
+"jubilee" is fitly solemnized by his third and last dragon-fight.
+
+l. 2213. B. proposes sê þe on hearge hæðen hord beweotode; cf. Ha., p. 75.
+
+l. 2215. "The dragon lies round the treasures in a cave, as Fafnir, like a
+Python, lay coiled over his hoard. So constant was this habit among the
+dragons that gold is called Worms' bed, Fafnir's couch, Worms' bed-fire.
+Even in India, the cobras ... are guardians of treasure."--Br., p. 50.
+
+l. 2216. neóde. E. translates _deftly_; Ha., _with ardor_. H.-So. reads
+neóde, = _with desire, greedily_, instr. of neód.
+
+l. 2223. E. begins his "Part Third" at this point as he begins "Part
+Second" at l. 1252, each dragon-fight forming part of a trilogy.
+
+ll. 2224, 2225. B. proposes: nealles mid gewealdum wyrmes weard gäst sylfes
+willum.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+l. 2225. For þeów read þegn.--K. and Z.
+
+l. 2225. þeów, st. m., _slave, serf_ (not in H.-So.).
+
+l. 2227. For ofer-þearfe read ærnes þearfa.--Z.
+
+ll. 2229-2231. B. proposes:
+
+    secg synbysig      sôna onwlâtode,
+    þeáh þâm gyste      gryrebrôga stôd,
+    hwäðre earmsceapen      innganges þearfa
+       .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .
+    feásceapen,      þâ hyne se fær begeat.
+                     --_Beit._ xii. 101. Cf. Ha., p. 69.
+
+l. 2232. W. suggests seah or seîr for geseah, and Gr. suggests searolîc.
+
+l. 2233. Z. surmises eorð-hûse (for -scräfe).
+
+l. 2241. B. proposes læn-gestreóna, = _transitory_, etc.; Th., R. propose
+leng (= _longer_) gestreóna; S. accepts the text but translates "the
+long accumulating treasure."
+
+l. 2246. B. proposed (1) hard-fyndne, = _hard to find_; (2) hord-wynne
+dæl,--_a deal of treasure-joy_ (cf. l. 2271).--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 102.
+
+l. 2247. fecword = _banning words_ (?) MS. has fec.
+
+l. 2254. Others read feor-[mie], = _furbish_, for fetige: _I own not one
+who may_, etc.
+
+l. 2261. The Danes themselves were sometimes called the "Ring-Danes,"
+= clad in ringed (or a ring of) armor, or possessing rings. Cf.
+ll. 116, 1280.
+
+l. 2264. Note the early reference to hawking. Minstrelsy (hearpan
+wyn), saga-telling, racing, swimming, harpooning of sea-animals, feasting,
+and the bestowal of jewels, swords, and rings, are the other amusements
+most frequent in _Beówulf_.
+
+l. 2264. Cf. _Maldon_, ll. 8, 9, for a reference to hawking.
+
+l. 2276. Z. suggests swýðe ondrædað; Ho. puts gesêcean for Gr.'s
+gewunian.
+
+l. 2277. Z. and K. read: hord on hrûsan. "Three hundred winters,"
+at l. 2279, is probably conventional for "a long time," like hund
+missera, l. 1499; hund þûsenda, l. 2995; þritig (of Beowulf's strength), l.
+379; þritig (of the men slain by Grendel), l. 123; seofan þûsendo, l. 2196,
+etc.
+
+l. 2285. B. objects to hord as repeated in ll. 2284, 2285; but cf. Ha., p.
+77. C. prefers sum to hord. onboren = _inminutus_; cf. B., _Beit._ xii.
+102.
+
+l. 2285. onberan is found also at line 991, = _carry off_, with on- = E.
+_un--(un-bind, -loose, -tie_, etc.), G. _ent-_. The negro still pronounces
+_on-do_, etc.
+
+l. 2299. Cf. H.-So., p. 112, for a defense of the text as it stands. B.
+proposes "nor was there any man in that desert who rejoiced in conflict,"
+etc. So ten Br.
+
+l. 2326. B. and ten Br,. propose hâm, = _home_, for him.--_Beit._ xii. 103.
+
+l. 2335. E. translates eálond utan by _the sea-board front, the
+water-washed land on the (its) outside_. See B., _Beit._ xii. 1, 5.
+
+l. 2346. Cf. l. 425, where Beowulf resolves to fight the dragon
+single-handed. E. compares _Guy of Warwick_, ll. 49, 376.
+
+l. 2355. Ten Br. proposes laðan cynne as apposition to mægum.
+
+l. 2360. Cf. Beowulf's other swimming-feat with Breca, ll. 506 _seq._
+
+l. 2362. Gr. inserts âna, = _lone-going_, before xxx.: approved by B.; and
+Krüger, _Beit._ ix. 575. Cf. l. 379.
+
+l. 2362. "Beowulf has the strength of thirty men in the original tale.
+Here, then, the new inventor makes him carry off thirty coats of
+mail."--Br., p. 48.
+
+l. 2364. Hetware = Chattuarii, a nation allied against Hygelâc in his
+Frisian expedition; cf. ll. 1208 _seq._, 2917, etc.
+
+l. 2368. B. proposes _quiet sea_ as trans, of sióleða bigong, and compares
+Goth. _anasilan_, to be still; Swed. dial, _sil_, still water between
+waterfalls.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 214.
+
+l. 2380. hyne--Heardrêd; so him, l. 2358.
+
+l. 2384. E. calls attention to Swió-rîce as identical with the modern
+_Sverige_ = Sweden; cf. l. 2496.
+
+l. 2386. Gr. reads on feorme, = _at the banquet_; cf. Möller, _Alteng.
+Volksepos_, 111, who reads (f)or feorme. The MS. has or.
+
+l. 2391. Cf. l. 11.
+
+l. 2394. B., Gr., and Mûllenh. understand ll. 2393-2397 to mean that
+Eádgils, Ôhthere's son, driven from Sweden, returns later, supported by
+Beowulf, takes the life of his uncle Onela, and probably becomes himself
+O.'s successor and king of Sweden. For another view see H.-So., p. 115. MS.
+has freond (l. 2394), which Leo, etc., change to feónd. G. translates
+_friend_.--_Beit._ xii. 13; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert_. iii. 177.
+
+l. 2395. Eádgils is Ôhthere's son; cf. l. 2381; Onela is Ôhthere's brother;
+cf. ll. 2933, 2617.
+
+l. 2402. "Twelfsome"; cf. "fifteensome" at l. 207, etc. As _Beówulf_ is
+essentially _the_ Epic of Philanthropy, of the true love of man, as
+distinguished from the ordinary love-epic, the number twelve in this
+passage may be reminiscent of another Friend of Man and another Twelve. In
+each case all but one desert the hero.
+
+l. 2437. R. proposes stýred, = _ordered, decreed_, for strêd.--_Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 409.
+
+l. 2439. B. corrects to freó-wine = _noble friend_, asking, "How can
+Herebeald be called Hæðcyn's freá-wine [MS.], _lord?_"
+
+l. 2442. feohleás gefeoht, "a homicide which cannot be atoned for by
+money--in this case an unintentional fratricide."--Sw.
+
+l. 2445. See Ha., pp. 82, 83, for a discussion of ll. 2445-2463. Cf. G., p.
+75.
+
+l. 2447. MS. reads wrece, justified by B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 56). W.
+conceives wrece as optative or hortative, and places a colon before þonne.
+
+l. 2449. For helpan read helpe.--K., Th., S. (_Zeitschr. f. D. Phil._ xxi.
+3, 357).
+
+ll. 2454-2455. (1) Müllenh. (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 232) proposes:
+
+                    þonne se ân hafað
+    þurh dæda nýd      deáðes gefandod.
+
+(2) B. proposes:
+
+    þurh dæda nîð      deáðes gefondad.
+       --_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 215.
+
+l. 2458. Cf. sceótend, pl., ll. 704, 1155, like rîdend. Cf. _Judith_, l.
+305, etc.
+
+l. 2474. Th. considers the "wide water" here as the Mälar lake, the
+boundary between Swedes and Goths.
+
+l. 2477. On oþþe = _and_, cf. B., _Tidskr_. viii. 57. See Ha., p. 83.
+
+l. 2489. B. proposes hreá-blâc for Gr.'s heoro-.--_Tikskr_. viii. 297.
+
+l. 2494. S. suggests êðel-wynne.
+
+l. 2502. E. translates for dugeðum, _of my prowess_; so Ettmüller.
+
+ll. 2520-2522. Gr. and S. translate, "if I knew how else I might combat the
+monster's boastfulness."--Ha., p. 85.
+
+l. 2524. and-hâttres is H.'s invention. Gr. reads oreðes and âttres, _blast
+and venom_. Cf. oruð, l. 2558, and l. 2840 (where âttor- also occurs).
+
+l. 2526. E. quotes fleón fôtes trym from _Maldon_, l. 247.
+
+l. 2546. Gr., H.-So., and Ho. read standan stân-bogan (for stôd on
+stân-bogan) depending on geseah.
+
+l. 2550. Grundt. and B. propose deór, _brave one_, i.e. Beowulf, for deóp.
+
+L. 2565. MS. has ungleaw (K., Th.), unglaw (Grundt.). B. proposes unslâw, =
+_sharp_.--_Beit._ xii. 104. So H.-So., Ha., p. 86.
+
+ll. 2570, 2571. (1) May not gescîfe (MS. to gscipe) = German _schief_,
+"crooked," "bent," "aslant," and hence be a parallel to gebogen, _bent,
+coiled?_ cf. l. 2568, þâ se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne, and l. 2828. Coiled
+serpents spring more powerfully for the coiling. (2) Or perhaps destroy
+comma after tô and read gescäpe, = _his fate_; cf. l. 26: him þâ Scyld
+gewât tô gescäp-hwîle. G. appar. adopts this reading, p. 78.
+
+l. 2589. grund-wong = _the field_, not _the earth_ (so B.); H.-So., _cave_,
+as at l. 2771. So Ha., p. 87.
+
+l. 2595. S. proposes colon after stefne.--_Beit._ ix. 141.
+
+l. 2604. Müllenh. explains leód Scylfinga in _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ iii.
+176-178.
+
+l. 2607. âre = _possessions, holding_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 192; Ha., p. 88).
+
+l. 2609. folcrihta. Add "folk-right" to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+êðel-, land-riht, word-riht.
+
+l. 2614. H.-So. reads with Gr. wræccan wineleásum Weohstân bana, = _whom, a
+friendless exile, W. had slain_.
+
+ll. 2635-61. E. quotes Tacitus, _Germania_, xiv.: "turpe comitatui virtutem
+principis non adaequare." Beowulf had been deserted by his _comitatus_.
+
+l. 2643. B. proposes ûser.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 216.
+
+l. 2649. wutun; l. 3102, uton = pres. subj. pl. 1st person of wîtan, _to
+go_, used like Mod. Eng. _let us_ + inf., Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_,
+Fr. _allons_; M. E. (_Layamon_) _uten_. Cf. Psa. ii. 3, etc. March, _A.-S.
+Gram._, pp. 104, 196.
+
+l. 2650. B. suggests hât for hyt,.--_Beit._ xii. 105.
+
+l. 2656. fâne = fâh-ne; cf. fâra = fâh-ra, l. 578; so heánne (MS.) =
+heáh-ne, etc., l. 984. See Cook's Sievers' Gram.
+
+ll. 2660, 2661. Why not read beadu-scrûd, as at l. 453, = _battle-shirt?_
+B. and R. suppose two half-verses omitted between byrdu-scrûd and bâm
+gemæne. B. reads býwdu, = _handsome_, etc. Gr. suggests unc nû, = _to us
+two now_, for ûrum; and K. and Grundt. read beón gemæne for bâm, etc. This
+makes sense. Cf. Ha., p. 89.
+
+l. 2666. Cf. the dat. absolute without preposition.
+
+l. 2681. Nägling; cf. Hrunting, Lâfing, and other famous wundor-smiða
+geweorc of the poem.
+
+l. 2687. B. changes þonne into þone (rel. pro.) = _which_.--_Beit._ xii.
+105.
+
+l. 2688. B. supports the MS. reading, wundum.
+
+l. 2688. Cf. l. 2278 for similar language.
+
+l. 2698. B. (_Beit._ xii. 105) renders: "he did not heed the head of the
+dragon (which Beowulf with his sword had struck without effect), but he
+struck the dragon somewhat further down." Cf. Saxo, vi. p. 272.
+
+l. 2698. Cf. the language used at ll. 446 and 1373, where hafelan also
+occurs; and hýdan.
+
+l. 2700. hwêne; cf. Lowl. Sc. _wheen_, a number; Chaucer's _woon_, number.
+
+l. 2702. S. proposes þâ (for þät) þät fýr, etc., = _when the fire began_,
+etc.
+
+l. 2704. "The (hup)-seax has often been found in Saxon graves on the hip of
+the skeleton."--E.
+
+l. 2707. Kl. proposes: feorh ealne wräc, = _drove out all the life_; cf.
+_Gen._ l. 1385.--_Beit._ ix. 192. S. suggests gefylde,--_he felled the
+foe_, etc.--_Ibid_. Parentheses seem unnecessary.
+
+l. 2727. däg-hwîl = _time allotted, lifetime_.
+
+l. 2745, 2745. Ho. removes geong from the beginning of l. 2745 and places
+it at the end of l. 2744.
+
+l. 2750. R. proposes sigle searogimmas, as at l. 1158.
+
+l. 2767. (1) B. proposes doubtfully oferhîgean or oferhîgan, = Goth,
+_ufarhauhjan_, p. p. _ufarhauhids_ (Gr. [Greek: tuphwtheis]) = _exceed in
+value_.--_Tidskr_. viii. 60. (2) Kl. proposes oferhýdian, = _to make
+arrogant, infatuate_; cf. oferhýd.--_Beit._ ix. 192.
+
+l. 2770. gelocen leoðocräftum = (1) _spell-bound_ (Th., Arnold, E.); (2)
+_wrought with hand-craft_ (G.); (3) _meshed, linked together_ (H., Ho.);
+cf. _Elene_, ll. 1251, 522.
+
+l. 2778. B. considers bill ... ealdhlâfordes as Beowulf's short sword, with
+which he killed the dragon, l. 2704 (_Tidskr_. viii. 299). R. proposes
+ealdhlâforde. Müllenh. understands ealdhlâford to mean the former possessor
+of the hoard. W. agrees to this, but conceives ærgescôd as a compd. = ære
+calceatus, _sheathed in brass_. Ha. translates ærgescôd as vb. and adv.
+
+l. 2791. Cf. l. 224, eoletes ät ende; landes ät ende, _Exod_. (Hunt).
+
+l. 2792. MS. reads wäteres weorpan, which R. would change to wätere
+sweorfan.
+
+l. 2806. "Men saw from its height the whales tumbling in the waves, and
+called it Whale's Ness (Hrones-næs)."--Br. p. 28. Cf. l. 3137.
+
+l. 2815. Wîglâf was the next of kin, the last of the race, and hence the
+recipient of Beowulf's kingly insignia. There is a possible play on the
+word lâf (Wîg-_lâf_, ende-_lâf_).
+
+l. 2818. gingeste word; cf. _novissima verba_, and Ger. _jüngst_, lately.
+
+l. 2837. E. translates on lande, _in the world_, comparing _on lîfe, on
+worulde_.
+
+l. 2840. geræsde = pret. of geræsan (omitted from the Gloss.), same as
+ræsan; cf. l. 2691.
+
+l. 2859. B. proposes deáð ârædan, = _determine death_.--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2861. Change geongum to geongan as a scribal error (?), but cf.
+Lichtenheld, _Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 353-355.
+
+l. 2871. S. and W. propose ôwêr.--_Beit._ ix. 142.
+
+l. 2873. S. punctuates: wrâðe forwurpe, þâ, etc.
+
+l. 2874. H.-So. begins a new sentence with nealles, ending the preceding
+one with beget.
+
+l. 2879. ätgifan = _to render, to afford_; omitted in Gloss.
+
+ll. 2885-2892. "This passage ... equals the passage in Tacitus which
+describes the tie of chief to companion and companion to chief among the
+Germans, and which recounts the shame that fell on those who survived their
+lord."--Br., p. 56.
+
+l. 2886. cyn thus has the meaning of _gens_ or clan, just as in many
+Oriental towns all are of one blood. E. compares Tacitus, _Germania_, 7;
+and cf. "kith and kin."
+
+l. 2892. Death is preferable to dishonor. Cf. Kemble, _Saxons_, i. 235.
+
+l. 2901. The _[Greek: angelos]_ begins his _[Greek: angelia]_ here.
+
+l. 2910. S. proposes higemêðe, _sad of soul;_ cf. ll. 2853 and 2864
+(_Beit._ ix. 142). B. considers higemêðum a dat. or instr. pl. of an
+abstract in -u (_Beit._ xii. 106). H. makes it a dat. pl. = _for the dead_.
+For heafod-wearde, etc., cf. note on l. 446.
+
+l. 2920-2921. B. explains "he could not this time, as usual, give jewels to
+his followers."--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2922. The Merovingian or Frankish race.
+
+l. 2940 _seq._ B. conjectures:
+
+    cwäð hîe on mergenne      mêces ecgum
+    gêtan wolde,      sumon galgtreowu
+    âheáwan on holte      ond hîe âhôan on þâ
+    fuglum tô gamene.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 107, 372. Cf. S., _Beit._ ix. 143. gêtan = _cause blood to
+be shed._
+
+l. 2950. B. proposes gomela for gôda; "a surprising epithet for a Geat to
+apply to the 'terrible' Ongentheow."--Ha. p. 99. But "good" does not
+necessarily mean "morally excellent," as a "good" hater, a "good" fighter.
+
+l. 2959. See H.-So. for an explanatory quotation from Paulus Diaconus, etc.
+B., K., and Th. read segn Higelâces, = H.'s banner uplifted began to pursue
+the Swede-men.--_Beit._ xii. 108. S. suggests sæce, = _pursuit_.
+
+l. 2977. gewyrpton: this vb. is also used reflexively in _Exod_. (Hunt), l.
+130: wyrpton hie wêrige.
+
+l. 2989. bär is Grundt.'s reading, after the MS. "The surviving victor is
+the heir of the slaughtered foe."--H.-So. Cf. _Hildebrands Lied_, ll. 61,
+62.
+
+l. 2995. "A hundred of thousands in land and rings" (Ha., p. 100). Cf. ll.
+2196, 3051. Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 20, who quotes Saxo's _bis senas gentes_
+and remarks: "Hrolf Kraki, who rewards his follower, for the slaying of the
+foreign king, with jewels, rich lands, and his only daughter's hand,
+answers to the Jutish king Hygelâc, who rewards his liegeman, for the
+slaying of Ongentheów, with jewels, enormous estates, and _his_ only
+daughter's hand."
+
+l. 3006. H.-So. suggests Scilfingas for Scyldingas, because, at l. 2397,
+Beowulf kills the Scylfing Eádgils and probably acquires his lands. Thus
+ll. 3002, 3005, 3006, would indicate that, after Beowulf's death, the
+Swedes desired to shake off his hated yoke. Müllenh., however, regards l.
+3006 as a thoughtless repetition of l. 2053.--_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 239.
+
+l. 3008. Cf. the same proverb at l. 256; and _Exod._ (Hunt.) l. 293.
+
+l. 3022. E. quotes:
+
+    "Thai token an harp _gle and game_
+    And maked a lai and yaf it name."
+                --_Weber_, l. 358.
+
+and from Percy, "The word _glee_, which peculiarly denoted their art (the
+minstrels'), continues still in our own language ... it is to this day used
+in a musical sense, and applied to a peculiar piece of composition."
+
+l. 3025. "This is a finer use than usual of the common poetic attendants of
+a battle, the wolf, the eagle, and the raven. The three are here like three
+Valkyrie, talking of all that they have done."--Br., p. 57.
+
+l. 3033. Cf. Hunt's _Dan._ l. 731, for similar language.
+
+l. 3039. B. supplies a supposed gap here:
+
+    [banan eác fundon      bennum seócne
+    (nê) ær hî þæm      gesêgan syllîcran wiht]
+    wyrm on wonge...
+             --_Beit._ xii. 372.
+
+Cf. Ha., p. 102. W. and Ho. insert [þær] before gesêgan.
+
+l. 3042. Cf. l. 2561, where gryre-giest occurs as an epithet of the dragon.
+B. proposes gry[re-fâh].
+
+l. 3044. lyft-wynne, _in the pride of the air_, E.; _to rejoice in the
+air_, Ha.
+
+l. 3057. (1) He (God) is men's hope; (2) he is the heroes' hope; (3) gehyld
+= the secret place of enchanters; cf. hêlsmanna gehyld, Gr.'s reading,
+after A.-S. hælsere, haruspex, augur.
+
+l. 3060. B. suggests gehýðde, = _plundered_ (i.e. by the thief), for
+gehýdde.
+
+ll. 3063-3066. (1) B. suggests wundur [deáðe] hwâr þonne eorl ellenrof ende
+gefêre = _let a brave man then somewhere meet his end by wondrous venture_,
+etc.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 241; cf. l. 3038. (2) S. supposes an indirect
+question introduced by hwâr and dependent upon wundur, = _a mystery is it
+when it happens that the hero is to die, if he is no longer to linger among
+his people_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. (3) Müllenh. suggests: _is it to be wondered
+at that a man should die when he can no longer live?_--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+xiv. 241. (4) Possibly thus:
+
+                         Wundrað hwät þonne,
+    eorl ellen-rôf,      ende gefêre
+    lîf-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne mäg (etc.),
+
+in which hwät would = þurh hwät at l. 3069, and eorl would be subject of
+the conjectural vb. wundrað: "the valiant earl wondereth then through what
+he shall attain his life's end, when he no longer may live.... So Beówulf
+knew not (wondered how) through what _his_ end should come," etc. W. and
+Ho. join þonne to the next line. Or, for hwâr read wære: Wundur wære þonne
+(= gif), etc., = "would it be any wonder if a brave man," etc., which is
+virtually Müllenhoff's.
+
+l. 3053. galdre bewunden, _spell-bound_, throws light on l. 2770, gelocen
+leoðo-cräftum. The "accursed" gold of legend is often dragon-guarded and
+placed under a spell. Even human ashes (as Shakespeare's) are thus banned.
+ll. 3047-3058 recall the so-called "Treasury of Atreus."
+
+l. 3073. herh, hearh, _temple_, is conjectured by E. to survive in _Harrow.
+Temple, barrow_, etc., have thus been raised to proper names. Cf. Biówulfes
+biorh of l. 2808.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. has strude, = _ravage_, and compares l. 3127. MS. has
+strade. S. suggests stride, = _tread_.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. omits strâdan, = _tread, stride over_, from the Gloss.,
+referring ll. 3174 and 3074 to strûdan, q. v.
+
+l. 3075. S. proposes: näs hê goldhwätes gearwor häfde, etc., = _Beowulf had
+not before seen the greedy possessor's favor_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. B. reads,
+goldhwäte gearwor häfde, etc., making goldhwäte modify êst, = _golden
+favor_; but see _Beit._ xii. 373, for B.'s later view.
+
+l. 3086-3087. B. translates, "that which (i.e. the treasure) drew the king
+thither was granted indeed, but it overwhelmed us."--_Beit._ xii. 109.
+
+l. 3097. B. and S. propose äfter wine deádum, = _in memory of the dead
+friend_.--_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3106. The brâd gold here possibly includes the iú-monna gold of l. 3053
+and the wunden gold of l. 3135. E. translates brâd by _bullion_.
+
+l. 3114. B. supposes folc-âgende to be dat. sg. to gôdum, referring to
+Beowulf.
+
+l. 3116. C. considers weaxan, = Lat. _vescor_, to devour, as a parallel to
+fretan, and discards parentheses.--_Beit._ viii. 573.
+
+l. 3120. fûs = _furnished with_; a meaning which must be added to those in
+the Gloss.
+
+ll. 3124-3125. S. proposes:
+
+    eóde eahta sum      under inwit-hrôf
+    hilderinca:      sum on handa bär, etc.
+                            --_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3136. H.-So. corrects (after B.) to äðeling_c_, the MS. having _e_.
+
+l. 3145. "It was their [the Icelanders'] belief that the higher the smoke
+rose in the air the more glorious would the burnt man be in heaven."--
+_Ynglinga Saga_, 10 (quoted by E.). Cf. the funeral pyre of Herakles.
+
+l. 3146-3147. B. conjectures:
+
+                   ... swôgende lêc
+    wôpe bewunden      windblonda lêg
+
+(lêc from lâcan, see Gloss.).--_Beit._ xii. 110. Why not windblonda lâc?
+
+l. 3147. Müllenhoff rejected wind-blond geläg because a great fire raises
+rather than "lays" the wind; hence B., as above, = "swoughing sported the
+flame wound with the howling of wind-currents."
+
+l. 3151 _seq._ B. restores conjecturally:
+
+    swylce giômor-gyd      sio geó-meowle
+    [äfter Beówulfe]      bunden-heorde
+    [song] sorg-cearig,      sæde geneahhe,
+    þät hió hyre [hearm-]dagas      hearde on [dr]êde,
+    wälfylla worn,      [w]îgendes egesan,
+    hý[n]ðo ond häftnýd,      heóf on rîce wealg.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+Here geó-meowle = _old woman_ or _widow;_ bunden-heorde = _with bound
+locks;_ heóf = _lamentation;_ cf. l. 3143. on rîce wealg is less preferable
+than the MS. reading, heofon rêce swealg = _heaven swallowed the smoke_.--
+H.-So. B. thinks Beowulf's widow (geómeowle) was probably Hygd; cf. ll.
+2370, 3017-3021.
+
+l. 3162. H.-So. reads (with MS.) bronda be lâfe, for betost, and omits
+colon after bêcn. So B., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 224.
+
+l. 3171. E. quotes Gibbon's accounts of the burial of Attila when the
+"chosen squadrons of the Hun, wheeling round in measured evolutions,
+chanted a funeral song to the memory of a hero."
+
+ll. 3173-3174. B. proposes:
+
+    woldon gên cwîðan      [ond] kyning
+    wordgyd wrecan      ond ymb wel sprecan.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 112.
+
+l. 3183. Z., K., Th. read manna for mannum.
+
+l. 3184. "It is the English ideal of a hero as it was conceived by an
+Englishman some twelve hundred years ago."--Br., p. 18.
+
+
+
+NOTES TO THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURG.
+
+The original MS. of this fragment has vanished, but a copy had been made
+and printed by Hickes in his _Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium_, i.
+192. The original was written on a single sheet attached to a codex of
+homilies in the Lambeth Library. Möller, _Alteng. Epos_, p. 65, places the
+fragment in the Finn episode, between ll. 1146 and 1147. Bugge (_Beit._
+xii. 20) makes it illustrate the conflict in which Hnäf fell, _i.e._ as
+described in _Beówulf_ as antecedent to the events there given. Heinzel
+(_Anzeiger f. d. Altert_.), however, calls attention to the fact that
+Hengest in the fragment is called cyning, whereas in _Beówulf_, l. 1086, he
+is called þegn. See H.-So., p. 125.
+
+"The _Fight at Finnsburg_ and the lays from which our _Beówulf_ was
+composed were, as it seems to me, sung among the English who dwelt in the
+north of Denmark and the south of Sweden, and whose tribal name was the
+Jutes or Goths."--Br., p. 101.
+
+l. 1. R. supposes [hor]nas, and conjectures such an introductory
+conversation as follows: "Is it dawning in the east, or is a fiery dragon
+flying about, or are the turrets of some castle burning?" questions which
+the king negatives in the same order. Then comes the positive declaration,
+"rather they are warriors marching whose armor gleams in the moonlight."
+--_Alt- und Angels. Lesebuch_, 1861. Heinzel and B. conjecture, [beorhtor
+hor]nas byrnað næfre. So. G.--_Beit._ xii. 22; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ x.
+229.
+
+l. 5. B. conjectures fugelas to mean _arrows_, and supplies:
+
+    ac hêr forð berað      [fyrdsearu rincas,
+    flacre flânbogan],      fugelas singað.
+
+He compares Saxo, p. 95, _cristatis galeis hastisque sonantibus instant_,
+as explanatory of l. 6.--_Beit._ xii. 22. But see Brooke, _Early Eng.
+Literature_, who supposes fugelas = _raven_ and _eagle_, while græg-hama is
+= _wulf_ (the "grey-coated one"), the ordinary accompaniers of battle.
+
+l. 11. hicgeað, etc.: cf. _Maldon_, l. 5; _Exod_. l. 218.
+
+l. 15. Cf. B. (_Beit._ xii. 25), etc., and Saxo, p. 101, for l. 13.
+
+ll. 18-21. H.-So. remarks: "If, according to Möller and Bugge, Gârulf is
+one of the attackers, one of Finn's men, this does not harmonize with his
+character as Gûðlâf's son (l. 33), who (l. 16, and _Beówulf_, l. 1149) is a
+Dane, therefore one of Finn's antagonists." B. (_Beit._ xii. 25)
+conjectures:
+
+    þâ gyt Gûðdene      Gârulf styrode,
+    þät hê swâ freólîc feorh      forman sîðe
+    tô þære healle durum      hyrsta ne bære,
+    nû hîe nîða heard      ânyman wolde;
+
+in which Gûðdene is the same as Sigeferð, l. 24; hê (l. 22) refers to
+Gârulf; and hîe (l. 21) to hyrsta.
+
+l. 27. swäðer = _either_ (bad or good, life or death).--H.-So.
+
+l. 29. cêlod: meaning doubtful; cf. _Maldon_, l. 283. G. renders "curved
+board"; Sw. suggests "round"? "hollow"?
+
+l. 30. B. suggests bâr-helm, = _boar-helm._ Cf. Saxo, p. 96.--_Beit._ xii.
+26.
+
+l. 34. B. conjectures: (1) hwearf flacra hræw hräfen, wandrode; (2) hwearf
+flacra hræw hräfen fram ôðrum = _flew from one corpse to another_.--_Beit._
+xii. 27.
+
+l. 43. B. supposes wund häleð to be a Dane, folces hyrde to be Hnäf, in
+opposition to Holtzmann (_Germania_, viii. 494), who supposes the wounded
+man to be a Frisian, and folces hyrde to be their king, Finn.--_Beit._ xii.
+28.
+
+l. 45. B. adopts Th.'s reading heresceorp unhrôr = _equipments
+useless_.--_Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+l. 47. "Though wounded, they had retained their strength and activity in
+battle."--B., _Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+
+
+ADDENDA.
+
+ll. 105 and 218. MS. and Ho. read won-sæli and fâmi-heals.
+
+ll. 143, 183, 186, etc. Read þæm for þäm.
+
+l. 299. MS. reads gôd-fremmendra. So H.-So.
+
+l. 338. Ho. marks wräc- and its group long.
+
+l. 530. Hwät should here probably be printed as an interj., hwät! Cf. ll.
+1, 943, 2249.
+
+l. 2263. Koeppel suggests nis for näs.
+
+The editors are much indebted to E. Koeppel (in _Eng. Stud._ xiii. 3) for
+numerous corrections in text and glossary.
+
+l. 3070. H.-So. begins a new line with swâ.
+
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY
+
+A
+
+ac, conj. denoting contrariety: hence 1) _but_ (like N.H.G. sondern), 109,
+135, 339, etc.--2) _but_ (N.H.G. aber), _nevertheless_, 602, 697, etc.--3)
+in direct questions: nonne, numquid, 1991.
+
+aglæca, ahlæca, äglæca, -cea, w. m. (cf. Goth, aglo, _trouble_, O.N. agi,
+_terror_, + lâc, _gift, sport: = misery, vexation, = bringer of trouble_;
+hence): 1) _evil spirit, demon, a demon-like being_; of Grendel, 159, 433,
+593, etc.; of the drake, 2535, 2906, etc.--2) _great hero, mighty warrior_;
+of Sigemund, 894; of Beówulf: gen. sg. aglæcan(?), 1513; of Beówulf and the
+drake: nom. pl. þâ aglæcean, 2593.
+
+aglæc-wîf, st. n., _demon, devil, in the form of a woman_; of Grendel's
+mother, 1260.
+
+aldor. See ealdor.
+
+al-wealda. See eal-w.
+
+am-biht (from and-b., Goth, and-baht-s), st. m., _servant, man-servant_:
+nom. sg. ombeht, of the coast-guard, 287; ombiht, of Wulfgâr, 336.
+
+ambiht-þegn (from ambiht n. officium and þegn, which see), _servant,
+man-servant_: dat. sg. ombiht-þegne, of Beówulf's servant, 674.
+
+an, prep, with the dat., _on, in, with respect to_, 678; _with, among, at,
+upon_ (position after the governed word), 1936; with the acc., 1248.
+Elsewhere on, which see.
+
+ancor, st. m., _anchor_: dat. sg. ancre, 303, 1884.
+
+ancor-bend, m. (?) f. (?), _anchor-cable_: dat. pl. oncer-bendum, 1919.
+
+and, conj. (ond is usual form; for example, 601, 1149, 2041), and 33, 39,
+40, etc. (See Appendix.)
+
+anda, w. m., _excitement, vexation, horror_: dat. wrâðum on andan, 709,
+2315.
+
+and-git, st. n., _insight, understanding_: nom. sg., 1060. See gitan.
+
+and-hâtor, st. m. n., _heat coming against one_: gen. sg. rêðes
+and-hâttres, 2524.
+
+and-lang, -long, adj., _very long._ hence 1) _at whole length, raised up
+high_: acc. andlongne eorl, 2696 (cf. Bugge upon this point, Zachers
+Ztschr., 4, 217).--2) _continual, entire_; andlangne däg, 2116, _the whole
+day_; andlonge niht, 2939.
+
+and-leán, st. n., _reward, payment in full_: acc. sg., 1542, 2095 (hand-,
+hond-lean, MS.).
+
+and-risno, st. f. (see rîsan, surgere, decere), _that which is to be
+observed, that which is proper, etiquette_: dat. pl. for andrysnum,
+_according to etiquette_, 1797.
+
+and-saca, w. m., _adversary_: godes andsaca (Grendel), 787, 1683.
+
+and-slyht, st. m., _blow in return_: acc. sg., 2930, 2973 (MS. both times
+hond-slyht).
+
+and-swaru, st. f., _act of accosting_: 1) to persons coming up, _an
+address_, 2861.--2) in reply to something said, _an answer_, 354, 1494,
+1841.
+
+and-weard, adj., _present, existing_: acc. sg. n. swîn ofer helme and-weard
+(_the image of the boar, which stands on his helm_), 1288.
+
+and-wlita, w. m., _countenance_: acc. sg. -an, 690.
+
+an-sund, adj., _entirely unharmed_: nom. sg. m., 1001.
+
+an-sýn, f., _the state of being seen_: hence 1) _the exterior, the form_,
+251: ansýn ýwde, _showed his form_, i.e. appeared, 2835.--2) _aspect,
+appearance_, 929; on-sýn, 2773.
+
+an-walda, w. m., _He who rules over all, God_, 1273. See Note.
+
+atol, adj. (also eatol, 2075, etc.), _hostile, frightful, cruel_: of
+Grendel, 159, 165, 593, 2075, etc.; of Grendel's mother's hands (dat. pl.
+atolan), 1503; of the undulation of the waves, 849; of battle, 597,
+2479.--cf. O.N. atall, fortis, strenuus.
+
+atelîc, adj., _terrible, dreadful_: atelîc egesa, 785.
+
+
+Â
+
+â, adv. (Goth, áiv, acc. from aiv-s aevum), _ever, always_, 455, 882, 931,
+1479: â syððan, _ever afterwards, ever, ever after_, 283, 2921.--_ever_,
+780.--Comp. nâ.
+
+âd st. m. _funeral pile_: acc. sg. âd, 3139; dat. sg. âde, 1111, 1115.
+
+âd-faru, st. f., _way to the funeral pile_, dat. sg. on âd-färe, 3011.
+
+âdl, st. f. _sickness_, 1737, 1764, 1849.
+
+âð, st. m., _oath in general_, 2740; _oath of allegiance_, 472 (?); _oath
+of reconciliation of two warring peoples_, 1098, 1108.
+
+âð-sweord, st. n., _the solemn taking of an oath, the swearing of an oath_:
+nom. pl., 2065. See sweord.
+
+âðum-swerian, m. pl., _son-in-law and father-in-law_: dat. pl., 84.
+
+âgan, verb, pret. and pres., _to have, to possess_, w. acc.: III. prs. sg.
+âh, 1728; inf. âgan, 1089; prt. âhte, 487, 522, 533; with object, geweald,
+to be supplied, 31. Form contracted with the negative: prs. sg. I. nâh hwâ
+sweord wege (_I have no one to wield the sword_), 2253.
+
+âgen, adj., _own, peculiar_, 2677.
+
+âgend (prs. part. of âgan), _possessor, owner, lord_: gen. sg. âgendes, _of
+God_, 3076.--Compounds: blæd-, bold-, folc-, mägen-âgend.
+
+âgend-freá, w. m., _owner, lord_: gen. sg. âgend-freán, 1884.
+
+âhsian, ge-âhsian, w. v.: 1) _to examine, to find out by inquiring_: pret.
+part. ge-âhsod, 433.--2) _to experience, to endure_: pret. âhsode, 1207;
+pl. âhsodon, 423.
+
+âht, st. n. (contracted from â-wiht, which see), _something, anything_: âht
+cwices, 2315.
+
+ân, num. The meaning of this word betrays its apparent demonstrative
+character: 1) _this, that_, 2411, of the hall in the earth mentioned
+before; similarly, 100 (of Grendel; already mentioned), cf. also 2775.--2)
+_one_, a particular one among many, a single one, in numerical sense: ymb
+âne niht (_the next night_), 135; þurh ânes cräft, 700; þâra ânum, 1038; ân
+äfter ânum, _one for the other_ (Hrêðel for Herebeald), 2462: similarly, ân
+äfter eallum, 2269; ânes hwät, _some single thing, a part_, 3011; se ân
+leóda duguðe, _the one of the heroes of the people_, 2238; ânes willan,
+_for the sake of a single one_, 3078, etc.--Hence, again, 3) _alone,
+distinguished_, 1459, 1886.--4) _a_, in the sense of an indefinite article:
+ân ... feónd, 100; gen. sg. ânre bêne (or to No.2[?]), 428; ân ... draca,
+221l--5) gen. pl. ânra, in connection with a pronoun, _single_; ânra
+gehwylces, _every single one_, 733; ânra gehwylcum, 785. Similarly, the
+dat. pl. in this sense: nemne feáum ânum, _except a few single ones_,
+1082.--6) solus, _alone_: in the strong form, 1378, 2965; in the weak form,
+145, 425, 431, 889, etc.; with the gen., âna Geáta duguðe, _alone of the
+warriors of the Geátas_, 2658.--7) solitarius, _alone, lonely_, see
+æn.--Comp. nân.
+
+ân-feald, adj., _simple, plain, without reserve_: acc. sg. ânfealdne
+geþôht, _simple opinion_, 256.
+
+ân-genga, -gengea, w. m., _he who goes alone_, of Grendel, 165, 449.
+
+ân-haga, w. m., _he who stands alone_, solitarius, 2369.
+
+ân-hydig, adj. (like the O.N. ein-râd-r, _of one resolve_, i.e. of firm
+resolve), _of one opinion_, i.e. firm, brave, decided, 2668.
+
+ânga, adj. (only in the weak form), _single, only_: acc. sg. ângan dôhtor,
+375, 2998; ângan eaferan, 1548; dat. sg. ângan brêðer, 1263.
+
+ân-päð, st. m., _lonely way, path_: acc. pl. ânpaðas, 1411.
+
+ân-ræd, adj. (cf. under ân-hydig), _of firm resolution, resolved_, 1530,
+1576.
+
+ân-tîd, st. f., _one time_, i.e. the same time, ymb ân-tîd ôðres dôgores,
+_about the same time the second day_ (they sailed twenty-four hours),
+219.--ân stands as in ân-mod, O.H.G. ein-muoti, _harmonious, of the same
+disposition_.
+
+ânunga, adv., _throughout, entirely, wholly_, 635.
+
+âr, st. m., _ambassador, messenger_, 336, 2784.
+
+âr, st. f., 1) _honor, dignity_: ârum healdan, _to hold in honor_, 296;
+similarly, 1100, 1183.--2) _favor, grace, support_: acc. sg. âre, 1273,
+2607; dat. sg. âre, 2379; gen. pl. hwät ... ârna, 1188.--Comp. worold-âr;
+also written ær.
+
+âr-fäst, adj., _honorable, upright_, 1169; of Hûnferð (with reference to
+588). See fäst.
+
+ârian, w. v., (_to be gracious_), _to spare_: III. sg. prs. w. dat. nænegum
+ârað; of Grendel, 599.
+
+âr-stäf, st. m.,(elementum honoris), _grace, favor_: dat. pl. mid ârstafum,
+317.--_Help, support_: dat. pl. for âr-stafum, _to the assistance_, 382,
+458. See stäf.
+
+âter-teár, m., _poisonous drop_: dat. pl. îren âter-teárum fâh (steel which
+is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants), 1460.
+
+âttor, st. n., _poison_, here of the poison of the dragon's bite: nom.,
+2716.
+
+âttor-sceaða, w. m., _poisonous enemy, of the poisonous dragon_: gen. sg.
+-sceaðan, 2840.
+
+âwâ, adv. (certainly not the dative, but a reduplicated form of â, which
+see), _ever_: âwâ tô aldre, _fôr ever and ever_, 956.
+
+
+Ä
+
+ädre, adv., _hastily, directly, immediately_, 77, 354, 3107. [ædre.]
+
+äðele, adj., _noble_: nom. sg., of Beówulf, 198, 1313; of Beówulf's father,
+263, where it can be understood as well in a moral as in a genealogical
+sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen. sg. äðelan cynnes, 2235.
+
+äðeling, st. m., _nobleman, man of noble descent_, especially the
+appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of the Danes, 3; of
+Scyld, 33; of Hrôðgâr, 130; of Sigemund, 889; of Beówulf, 1226, 1245, 1597,
+1816, 2189, 2343, 2375, 2425, 2716, 3136; perhaps also of Däghrefn,
+2507;--then, in a broader sense, also denoting other noble-born men:
+Äschere, 1295; Hrôðgâr's courtiers, 118, 983; Heremôd's courtiers, 907;
+Hengest's warriors, 1113; Beówulf's retinue, 1805, 1921, 3172; noble-born
+in general, 2889. --Comp. sib-äðeling.
+
+äðelu, st. n., only in the pl., _noble descent, nobility_, in the sense of
+noble lineage: acc. pl. äðelu, 392; dat. pl. cyning äðelum gôd, _the king,
+of noble birth_, 1871; äðelum dióre, _worthy on account of noble lineage_,
+1950; äðelum (hæleþum, MS.), 332.--Comp. fäder-äðelu.
+
+äfnan, w. v. w. acc., _to perform, to carry out, to accomplish_: inf.
+ellen-weorc äfnan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1465; pret. unriht äfnde,
+_perpetrated wrong_, 1255.
+
+ge-äfnan, 1) _to carry out, to do, to accomplish_: pret. pl. þät geäfndon
+swâ, _so carried that out_, 538; pret. part. âð wäs geäfned, _the oath was
+sworn_, 1108.--2) _get ready, prepare_: pret. part. geäfned, 3107. See
+efnan.
+
+äfter (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it expresses the idea
+of _forth, away, from, back_), a) adv., _thereupon, afterwards_, 12, 341,
+1390, 2155.--ic him äfter sceal, _I shall go after them_, 2817; in word
+äfter cwäð, 315, the sense seems to be, _spoke back, having turned_; b)
+prep. w. dat., 1) (temporal) _after_, 119, 128, 187, 825, 1939, etc.; äfter
+beorne, _after the_ (death of) _the hero_, 2261, so 2262; äfter
+mâððum-welan, _after_ (obtaining) _the treasure_, 2751.--2) (causal) as
+proceeding from something, denoting result and purpose, hence, _in
+consequence of, conformably to_: äfter rihte, _in accordance with right_,
+1050, 2111; äfter faroðe, _with the current_, 580; so 1321, 1721, 1944,
+2180, etc., äfter heaðo-swâte, _in consequence of the blood of battle_,
+1607; äfter wälnîðe, _in consequence of mortal enmity_, 85; _in accordance
+with, on account of, after, about_: äfter äðelum (hæleþum, MS.)frägn,
+_asked about the descent_, 332; ne frin þu äfter sælum, _ask not after my
+welfare_, 1323; äfter sincgyfan greóteð, _weeps for the giver of treasure_,
+1343; him äfter deórum men dyrne langað, _longs in secret for the dear
+man_, 1880; ân äfter ânum, _one for the other_, 2462, etc.--3) (local),
+_along_: äfter gumcynnum, _throughout the races of men, among men_, 945;
+sôhte bed äfter bûrum, _sought a bed among the rooms of the castle_ (the
+castle was fortified, the hall was not), 140; äfter recede wlât, _looked
+along the hall_, 1573; stone äfter stâne, _smelt along the rocks_, 2289;
+äfter lyfte, _along the air through the air_, 2833; similarly, 996, 1068,
+1317, etc.
+
+äf-þunca, w. m., _anger, chagrin, vexatious affair_: nom., 502.
+
+äglæcea. See aglæcea.
+
+äled (Old Sax. eld, O.N. edl-r), st. m., _fire_, 3016. [æled.]
+
+äled-leóma, w. m., _(fire-light), torch_: acc. sg. leóman, 3126. See leóma.
+
+äl-fylce (from äl-, Goth. ali-s, [Greek: allos], and fylce, O.N. fylki,
+collective form from folc), st. n., _other folk, hostile army_: dat. pl.
+wið älfylcum, 2372.
+
+äl-mihtig (for eal-m.), adj., _almighty_: nom. sg. m., of the weak form, se
+äl-mihtiga, 92.
+
+äl-wiht, st. m., _being of another species, monster_: gen. pl. äl-wihta
+eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, 1501.
+
+äppel-fealu, adj., _dappled sorrel_, or _apple-yellow_: nom. pl.
+äppel-fealuwe mearas, _apple-yellow steeds_, 2166.
+
+ärn, st. n., _house_, in the compounds heal-, hord-, medo-, þryð-, win-ärn.
+
+äsc, st. m., _ash_ (does not occur in Beówulf in this sense), _lance,
+spear_, because the shaft consists of ash wood: dat. pl. (quâ instr.) äscum
+and ecgum, _with spears and swords_, 1773.
+
+äsc-holt, st. n., _ash wood, ashen shaft_: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg,
+_the ashen shafts gray above_ (spears with iron points), 330.
+
+äsc-wîga, w. m., _spear-fighter, warrior armed with the spear_: nom. sg.,
+2043.
+
+ät, prep. w. dat., with the fundamental meaning of nearness to something,
+hence 1) local, a) _with, near, at, on, in_ (rest): ät hýðe, in _harbor_,
+32; ät symle, _at the meal_, 81, ät âde, _on the funeral-pile_, 1111, 1115;
+ät þe ânum, _with thee alone_, 1378; ät wîge, _in the fight_, 1338; ät
+hilde, 1660, 2682; ät æte, _in eating_, 3027, etc. b) _to, towards, at, on_
+(motion to): deáðes wylm hrân ät heortan, _seized upon the heart_, 2271;
+gehêton ät härgtrafum, _vowed at_ (or _to_) _the temples of the gods_, 175.
+c) with verbs of taking away, _away from_ (as starting from near an
+object): geþeah þät ful ät Wealhþeón, _took the cup from W_., 630; fela ic
+gebâd grynna ät Grendle, _from Grendel_, 931; ät mînum fäder genam, _took
+me from my father to himself_, 2430.--2) temporal, _at, in, at the time
+of_: ät frumsceafte, _in the beginning_, 45; ät ende, _at an end_, 224;
+fand sînne dryhten ealdres ät ende, _at the end of life, dying_, 2791;
+similarly, 2823; ät feohgyftum, _in giving gifts_, 1090; ät sîðestan,
+_finally_, 3014.
+
+ät-græpe, adj., _laying hold of_, prehendens, 1270.
+
+ät-rihte, adv., _almost_, 1658.
+
+
+Æ
+
+ædre, êdre, st. f., _aqueduct, canal_ (not in Beów.), _vein_ (not in
+Beów.), _stream, violent pouring forth_: dat. pl. swât ædrum sprong, _the
+blood sprang in streams_, 2967; blôd êdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743.
+
+æðm, st. m., _breath, gasp, snort_: instr. sg. hreðer æðme weóll, _the
+breast_ (of the drake) _heaved with snorting_, 2594.
+
+æfen, st. m., _evening_, 1236.
+
+æfen-gram, adj., _hostile at evening, night-enemy_: nom. sg. m. æfen-grom,
+of Grendel, 2075.
+
+æfen-leóht, st. n., _evening-light_: nom. sg., 413.
+
+æfen-räst, st. f., _evening-rest_: acc. sg. -räste, 647, 1253.
+
+æfen-spræc, st. f., _evening-talk_: acc. sg. gemunde ...æfen-spræce,
+_thought about what he had spoken in the evening_, 760.
+
+æfre, adv., _ever, at any time_, 70, 280, 504, 693, etc.: in negative
+sentences, æfre ne, _never_, 2601.--Comp. næfre.
+
+æg-hwâ (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwër), pron., _every, each_: dat. sg. æghwæm, 1385.
+The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, _in all, throughout, thoroughly_: æghwäs
+untæle, _thoroughly blameless_, 1866; æghwäs unrîm, _entirely innumerable
+quantity_, i.e. an enormous multitude, 2625, 3136.
+
+æg-hwäðer (O.H.G. êo-ga-hwëdar): 1) _each_ (of two): nom. sg. häfde
+æghwäðer ende gefêred, _each of the two_ (Beówulf and the drake) _had
+reached the end_, 2845; dat. sg. æghwäðrum wäs brôga fram ôðrum, _to each
+of the two_ (Beówulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen. sg.
+æghwäðres ... worda and worca, 287.--2) _each_ (of several): dat. sg. heora
+æghwäðrum, 1637.
+
+æg-hwær, adv., _everywhere_, 1060.
+
+æg-hwilc (O.H.G. êo-gi-hwëlih), pron., unusquisque, _every_ (one): 1) used
+as an adj.: acc. sg. m. dæl æghwylcne, 622.--2) as substantive, a) with the
+partitive genitive: nom. sg. æg-hwylc, 9, 2888; dat. sg. æghwylcum, 1051.
+b) without gen.: nom. sg. æghwylc, 985, 988; (wäs) æghwylc ôðrum trýwe,
+_each one_ (of two) _true to the other_, 1166.
+
+æg-weard, st. f., _watch on the sea shore_: acc. sg. æg-wearde, 241.
+
+æht (abstract form from âgan, denoting the state of possessing), st. f.: 1)
+_possession, power_: acc. sg. on flôdes æht, 42; on wäteres æht, _into the
+power of the water_, 516; on æht gehwearf Denigea freán, _passed over into
+the possession of a Danish master_, 1680.--2) _property, possessions,
+goods_: acc. pl. æhte, 2249.--Comp. mâðm-, gold-æht.
+
+æht (O.H.G. âhta), st. f., _pursuit_: nom. þâ wäs æht boden Sweona leódum,
+segn Higelâce, _then was pursuit offered to the people of the Sweonas,
+(their) banner to Hygelâc_ (i.e. the banner of the Swedes, taken during
+their flight, fell into the hands of Hygelâc), 2958.
+
+ge-æhtan, w. v., _to prize, to speak in praise of_: pret. part. geæhted,
+1866. [geähtan.]
+
+ge-æhtla, w. m., or ge-æhtle, w. f., _a speaking of with praise, high
+esteem_: gen. sg. hy ... wyrðe þinceað eorla geæhtlan, _seem worthy of the
+high esteem of the noble-born_, 369. [geähtla.]
+
+æn (oblique form of ân), num., _one_: acc. sg. m. þone ænne þone..., _the
+one whom_..., 1054; oftor micle þonne on ænne sîð, _much oftener than one
+time_, 1580; forð onsendon ænne, _sent him forth alone_, 46.
+
+æne, adv., _once_: oft nalles æne, 3020.
+
+ænig, pron., _one, any one_, 474, 503, 510, 534, etc.: instr. sg. nolde ...
+0nige þinga, _would in no way, not at all_, 792; lyt ænig mearn, _little
+did any one sorrow_ (i.e. no one), 3130.--With the article: näs se
+folccyning ... ænig, _no people's king_, 2735.--Comp. nænig.
+
+æn-lîc, adj., _alone, excellent, distinguished_: ænlîc ansýn,
+_distinguished appearance_, 251; þeáh þe hió ænlîcu sý, _though she be
+beautiful_, 1942.
+
+ær (comparative form, from â): 1) adv., _sooner, before, beforehand_, 15,
+656, 695, 758, etc., _for a long time_, 2596; eft swâ ær, _again as
+formerly_, 643; ær ne siððan, _neither sooner nor later_, 719; ær and sîð,
+_sooner and later_ (all times), 2501; nô þý ær (_not so much the sooner_),
+_yet not_, 755, 1503, 2082, 2161, 2467.--2) conjunct., _before, ere_: a)
+with the ind.: ær hió tô setle geóng, 2020. b) w. subjunc.: ær ge fyr
+fêran, _before you travel farther_, 252; ær he on hwurfe 164, so 677, 2819;
+ær þon däg cwôme, _ere the day break_, 732; ær correlative to ær adv.: ær
+he feorh seleð, aldor an ôfre, ær he wille ..., _he will sooner_ (rather)
+_leave his life upon the shore, before_ (than) _he will_ ..., 1372.--3)
+prepos. with dat., _before_ ær deáðe, _before death_, 1389; ær däges hwîle,
+_before daybreak_, 2321; ær swylt-däge, _before the day of death_, 2799.
+
+æror, comp. adv., _sooner, before-hand_, 810; _formerly_, 2655.
+
+ærra, comp. adj., _earlier_; instr. pl., ærran mælum, _in former times_,
+908, 2238, 3036.
+
+ærest, superl.: 1) adv., _first of all, foremost_, 6, 617, 1698, etc.--2)
+as subst. n., _relation to, the beginning_: acc. þät ic his ærest þe eft
+gesägde (_to tell thee in what relation it stood at first to the coat of
+mail that has been presented_), 2158. See Note.
+
+ær-däg, st. m. (_before-day_), _morning-twilight, gray of morning_: dat.
+sg. mid ærdäge, 126; samod ærdäge, 1312, 2943.
+
+ærende, st. n., _errand, trust_: acc. sg., 270, 345.
+
+ær-fäder, st. m., _late father, deceased father_: nom sg. swâ his ærfäder,
+2623.
+
+ær-gestreón, st. n., _old treasure, possessions dating from old times_: acc
+sg., 1758; gen. sg. swylcra fela ærgestreóna, _much of such old treasure_,
+2233. See gestreón.
+
+ær-geweorc, st. n., _work dating from old times_: nom. sg. enta ær-geweorc,
+_the old work of the giants_ (of the golden sword-hilt from Grendel's
+water-hall), 1680. See geweorc.
+
+ær-gôd, adj., _good since old times, long invested with dignity_ or
+_advantages_: äðeling ærgôd, 130; (eorl) ærgôd, 1330; îren ærgôd
+(_excellent sword_), 990, 2587.
+
+ær-wela, w. m., _old possessions, riches dating from old times_: acc. sg.
+ærwelan, 2748. See wela.
+
+æs, st. n., _carcass, carrion_: dat. (instr.) sg. æse, of Äschere's corpse,
+1333.
+
+æt, st. m., _food, meat_: dat, sg., hû him ät æte speów, _how he fared well
+at meat_, 3027.
+
+ættren (see âttor), adj., _poisonous_: wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât, ættren
+ellorgâst, se ær inne swealt, _so hot was the blood, (and) poisonous the
+demon_ (Grendel's mother) _who died therein_, 1618
+
+
+B
+
+bana, bona, w. m., _murderer_, 158, 588, 1103, etc.: acc. sg. bonan
+Ongenþeówes, of Hygelâc, although in reality his men slew Ongenþeów (2965
+ff.), 1969. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne wäs ecg bona, 2507; wearð
+wracu Weohstânes bana, 2614.--Comp.: ecg-, feorh-, gâst-, hand-, mûð-bana.
+
+bon-gâr, st. m. _murdering spear_, 2032.
+
+ge-bannan, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person, _to command,
+to bid_: inf., 74.
+
+bâd, st. f., _pledge_, only in comp.: nýd-bâd.
+
+bân, st. n., _bone_: dat. sg. on bâne (on the bony skin of the drake),
+2579; dat. pl. heals ealne ymbefêng biteran bânum (here of the teeth of the
+drake), 2693.
+
+bân-côfa, w. m., "cubile ossium" (Grimm) of the body: dat. sg. -côfan,
+1446.
+
+bân-fâg, adj., _variegated with bones_, either with ornaments made of
+bone-work, or adorned with bone, perhaps deer-antlers; of Hrôðgâr's hall,
+781. The last meaning seems the more probable.
+
+bân-fät, st. n., _bone-vessel_, i.e. the body: acc. pl. bân-fatu, 1117.
+
+bân-hring, st. m., _the bone-structure, joint, bone-joint_: acc. pl. hire
+wið halse ... bânhringas bräc (_broke her neck-joint_), 1568.
+
+bân-hûs, st. n., _bone-house_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. bânhûs gebräc, 2509;
+similarly, 3148.
+
+bân-loca, w. m., _the enclosure of the bones_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. bât
+bânlocan, _bit the body_, 743; nom. pl. burston bânlocan, _the body burst_
+(of Grendel, because his arm was torn out), 819.
+
+bât, st. m., _boat, craft, ship_, 211.--Comp. sæ-bât.
+
+bât-weard, st. m., _boat-watcher, he who keeps watch over the craft._ dat.
+sg. -wearde, 1901.
+
+bäð, st. n., _bath_: acc. sg. ofer ganotes bäð, _over the diver's bath_
+(i.e. the sea), 1862.
+
+bärnan, w. v., _to cause to burn, to burn_: inf. hêt ... bânfatu bärnan,
+_bade that the bodies be burned_, 1117; ongan ... beorht hofu bärnan,
+_began to consume the splendid country-seats_ (the dragon), 2314.
+
+for-bärnan, w. v., _consume with fire_: inf. hy hine ne môston ...
+brondefor-bärnan, _they_ (the Danes) _could not burn him_ (the dead
+Äschere) _upon the funeral-pile_, 2127.
+
+bædan (Goth, baidjan, O.N. beðia), _to incite, to encourage_: pret. bædde
+byre geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+ge-bædan, w. v., _to press hard_: pret. part. bysigum gebæded, _distressed
+by trouble, difficulty, danger_ (of battle), 2581; _to drive, to send
+forth_: stræla storm strengum gebæded, _the storm of arrows sent with
+strength_, 3118; _overcome_: draca ... bealwe gebæded, _the dragon ...
+overcome by the ills of battle_, 2827.
+
+bæl (O.N. bâl), st. n., _fire, flames_: (wyrm) mid bæle fôr, _passed
+(through the air) with fire_, 2309; häfde landwara lîge befangan, bæle and
+bronde, _with fire and burning_, 2323.--Especially, _the fire of the
+funeral-pile, the funeral-pile_, 1110, 1117, 2127; ær he bæl cure, _ere he
+sought the burning_ (i.e. died), 2819; hâtað ... hlæw gewyrcean ... äfter
+bæle, _after I am burned, let a burial mound be thrown up_ (Beówulf's
+words), 2804.
+
+bæl-fýr, st. n., _bale-fire, fire of the funeral-pile_: gen. pl. bælfýra
+mæst, 3144.
+
+bæl-stede, st. m., _place for the funeral-pile_: dat. sg. in bæl=stede,
+3098.
+
+bæl-wudu, st. m., _wood for the funeral-pile_, 3113.
+
+bær, st. f., _bier_, 3106.
+
+ge-bæran, w. v., _to conduct one's self, behave_: inf. w. adv., ne gefrägen
+ic þâ mægðe ... sêl gebæran, _I did not hear that a troop bore itself
+better, maintained a nobler deportment_, 1013; he on eorðan geseah þone
+leófestan lîfes ät ende bleáte gebæran, _saw the best-beloved upon the
+earth, at the end of his life, struggling miserably_ (i.e. in a helpless
+situation), 2825.
+
+ge-bætan (denominative from bæte, _the bit_), w. v., _to place the bit in
+the mouth of an animal, to bridle_: pret. part. þâ wäs Hrôðgâre hors
+gebæted, 1400.
+
+be, prep. w. dat. (with the fundamental meaning _near_, "but not of one
+direction, as ät, but more general"): 1) local, _near by, near, at, on_
+(rest): be ýdlâfe uppe lægon, _lay above, upon the deposit of the waves_
+(upon the strand, of the slain nixies), 566; häfde be honda, _held by the
+hand_ (Beówulf held Grendel), 815; be sæm tweonum, _in the circuit of both
+the seas_, 859, 1686; be mäste, _on the mast_, 1906; by fýre, _by the
+fire_, 2220; be nässe, _at the promontory_, 2244; sät be þæm gebrôðrum
+twæm, _sat by the two brothers_, 1192; wäs se gryre lässa efne swâ micle
+swâ bið mägða cräft be wæpnedmen, _the terror was just so much less, as is
+the strength of woman to the warrior_ (i.e. is valued by), 1285, etc.--2)
+also local, but of motion from the subject in the direction of the object,
+_on, upon, by_: gefêng be eaxle, _seized by the shoulder_, 1538; âlêdon
+leófne þeóden be mäste, _laid the dear lord near the mast_, 36; be healse
+genam, _took him by the neck, fell upon his neck_, 1873; wæpen hafenade be
+hiltum, _grasped the weapon by the hilt_, 1757, etc.--3) with this is
+connected the causal force, _on account of, for, according to_: ic þis gid
+be þe âwräc, _I spake this solemn speech for thee, for thy sake_, 1724; þû
+þe lær be þon, _learn according to this, from this_, 1723; be fäder lâre,
+_according to her father's direction_, 1951.--4) temporal, _while, during_:
+be þe lifigendum, _while thou livest, during thy life_, 2666. See bî.
+
+bed, st. n., _bed, couch_: acc. sg. bed, 140, 677; gen. sg. beddes, 1792;
+dat. pl. beddum, 1241.--Comp: deað-, hlin-, läger-, morðor-, wäl-bed.
+
+ge-bedde, w. f., _bed-fellow_: dat. sg. wolde sêcan ewên tô gebeddan,
+_wished to seek the queen as bed-fellow, to go to bed with her_,
+666.--Comp. heals-gebedde.
+
+begen, fem. bâ, _both_: nom. m., 536, 770, 2708; acc. fem. on bâ healfa,
+_on two sides_ (i.e. Grendel and his mother), 1306; dat. m. bâm, 2197; and
+in connection with the possessive instead of the personal pronoun, ûrum
+bâm, 2661; gen. n. bega, 1874, 2896; bega gehwäðres, _each one of the two_,
+1044; bega folces, of _both peoples_, 1125.
+
+ge-belgan, st. v. (properly, _to cause to swell, to swell_), _to irritate_:
+w. dat. (pret. subj.) þät he êcean dryhtne bitre gebulge, _that he had
+bitterly angered the eternal Lord_, 2332; pret. part. gebolgen, 1540;
+(gebolge, MS.), 2222; pl. gebolgne, 1432; more according to the original
+meaning in torne gebolgen, 2402.
+
+â-belgan, _to anger_: pret. sg. w. acc. ôð þät hyne ân âbealh mon on môde,
+_till a man angered him in his heart_, 2281; pret. part. âbolgen, 724.
+
+ben, st. f., _wound_: acc. sg. benne, 2725.--Comp.: feorh-, seax-ben.
+
+benc, st. f., _bench_: nom. sg. benc, 492; dat. sg. bence, 327, 1014, 1189,
+1244.--Comp.: ealu-, medu-benc.
+
+benc-swêg, st. m., (_bench-rejoicing_), _rejoicing which resounds from the
+benches_, 1162.
+
+benc-þel, st. n., _bench-board, the wainscotted space where the benches
+stand_: nom. pl. benc-þelu, 486; acc. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the
+bench-boards_ (i.e. by taking away the benches, so as to prepare couches),
+1240.
+
+bend, st. m. f., _bond, fetter_: acc. sg. forstes bend, _frost's bond_,
+1610; dat. pl. bendum, 978.--Comp.: fýr-, hell-, hyge-, îren-, oncer-,
+searo-, wäl-bend.
+
+ben-geat, st. n., (_wound-gate_), _wound-opening_: nom. pl. ben-geato,
+1122.
+
+bera (O.N. beri), w. m., _bearer_: in comp. hleor-bera.
+
+beran, st. v. w. acc., _to carry_; III. sg. pres. byreð, 296, 448; þone
+mâððum byreð, _carries the treasure_ (upon his person), 2056; pres. subj.
+bere, 437; pl. beren, 2654; inf. beran, 48, 231, 291, etc.; hêht þâ se
+hearda Hrunting beran, _to bring Hrunting_, 1808; up beran, 1921; in beran,
+2153; pret. bär, 495, 712, 847, etc.; mandryhtne bär fäted wæge, _brought
+the lord the costly vessel_, 2282; pl. bæron, 213, 1636, etc.; bæran, 2851;
+pret. part. boren, 1193, 1648, 3136.--The following expressions are poetic
+paraphrases of the forms _go, come_: þät we rondas beren eft tô earde,
+2654; gewîtað forð beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; ic gefrägn sunu Wihstânes
+hringnet beran, 2755; wîgheafolan bär, 2662; helmas bæron, 240
+(conjecture); scyldas bæran, 2851: they lay stress upon the connection of
+the man with his weapons.
+
+ät-beran, _to carry to_: inf. tô beadulâce (_battle_) ätberan, 1562; pret.
+þâ hine on morgentîd on Heaðoræmas holm up ätbär, _the sea bore him up to
+the Heaðoræmas_, 519; hió Beówulfe medoful ätbär _brought Beówulf the
+mead-cup_, 625; mägenbyrðenne ... hider ût ätbär cyninge mînum, _bore the
+great burden hither to my king_, 3093; pl. hî hyne ätbæron tô brimes
+faroðe, 28.
+
+for-beran, _to hold, to suppress_: inf. þät he þone breóstwylm forberan ne
+mehte, _that he could not suppress the emotions of his breast_, 1878.
+
+ge-beran, _to bring forth, to bear_: pret. part. þät lâ mäg secgan se þe
+sôð and riht fremeð on folce ... þät þes eorl wære geboren betera (_that
+may every just man of the people say, that this nobleman is better born_),
+1704.
+
+ôð-beran, _to bring hither_: pret. þâ mec sæ ôðbär on Finna land, 579.
+
+on-beran (O.H.G. in bëran, intpëran, but in the sense of carere), auferre,
+_to carry off, to take away_: inf. îren ærgôd þät þäs ahlæcan blôdge
+beadufolme onberan wolde, _excellent sword which would sweep off the bloody
+hand of the demon_, 991; pret. part. (wäs) onboren beága hord, _the
+treasure of the rings had been carried off_, 2285.--Compounds with the
+pres. part.: helm-, sâwl-berend.
+
+berian (denominative from bär, _naked_), w. v., _to make bare, to clear_:
+pret. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the bench-place_ (by removing the
+benches), 1240.
+
+berstan, st. v., _to break, to burst_: pret. pl. burston bânlocan, 819;
+bengeato burston, 1122.--_to crack, to make the noise of breaking_: fingras
+burston, _the fingers cracked_ (from Beówulf's gripe), 761.
+
+for-berstan, _break, to fly asunder_: pret. Nägling forbärst, _Nägling_
+(Beówulf's sword) _broke in two_, 2681.
+
+betera, adj. (comp.), _better_: nom. sg. m. betera, 469, 1704.
+
+bet-lîc, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. n., of Hrôðgâr's hall, 781;
+of Hygelâc's residence, 1926.
+
+betst, betost (superl.), _best, the best_: nom. sg. m. betst beadurinca,
+1110; neut. nu is ôfost betost, þät we ..., _now is haste the best, that
+we..._, 3008; voc. m. secg betsta, 948; neut. acc. beaduscrûda betst, 453;
+acc. sg. m. þegn betstan, 1872.
+
+bêcn, st. n., _(beacon), token, mark, sign_: acc. sg. betimbredon
+beadu-rôfes bêcn (of Beówulf's grave-mound), 3162. See beacen.
+
+bêg. See beág.
+
+bên, st. f., _entreaty_: gen. sg. bêne, 428, 2285.
+
+bêna, w. m., _suppliant_, supplex: nom. sg. swâ þu bêna eart (_as thou
+entreatest_), 352; swâ he bêna wäs (_as he had asked_), 3141; nom. pl. hy
+bênan synt, 364.
+
+ge-betan: 1) _to make good, to remove_: pret. ac þu Hrôðgâre wîdcûðne weán
+wihte gebêttest, _hast thou in any way relieved Hrôðgâr of the evil known
+afar_, 1992; pret. part. acc. sg. swylce oncýððe ealle gebêtte, _removed
+all trouble_, 831. --2) _to avenge_: inf. wihte ne meahte on þam feorhbonan
+fæhðe gebêtan, _could in no way avenge the death upon the slayer_, 2466.
+
+beadu, st. f., _battle, strife, combat_: dat. sg. (as instr.) beadwe, _in
+combat_, 1540; gen. pl. bâd beadwa ge-þinges, _waited for the combats_
+(with Grendel) _that were in store for him_, 710.
+
+beadu-folm, st. f., _battle-hand_: acc. sg. -folme, of Grendel's hand, 991.
+
+beado-grîma, w. m., _(battle-mask), helmet_: acc. pl. -grîman, 2258.
+
+beado-hrägl, st. n., _(battle-garment), corselet, shirt of mail_, 552.
+
+beadu-lâc, st. n., (_exercise in arms, tilting_), _combat, battle_: dat.
+sg. tô beadu-lâce, 1562.
+
+beado-leóma, w. m., (_battle-light_), _sword_: nom. sg., 1524.
+
+beado-mêce, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. beado-mêcas, 1455.
+
+beado-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: gen. pl. betst beadorinca,
+1110.
+
+beadu-rôf, adj., _strong in battle_: gen. sg. -rôfes, of Beówulf, 3162.
+
+beadu-rûn, st. f., _mystery of battle_: acc. sg. onband beadu-rûne, _solved
+the mystery of the combat_, i.e. gave battle, commenced the fight, 501.
+
+beadu-scearp, adj., _battle-sharp, sharp for the battle_, 2705.
+
+beadu-scrûd, st. n., (_battle-dress_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: gen. pl.
+beaduscrûda betst, 453.
+
+beadu-serce, w. f., (_battle-garment_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: acc. sg.
+brogdne beadu-sercean (because it consists of interlaced metal rings),
+2756.
+
+beado-weorc, st. n., (_battle-work_), _battle_: gen. sg. gefeh
+beado-weorces, _rejoiced at the battle_, 2300.
+
+beald, adj., _bold, brave_: in comp. cyning-beald.
+
+bealdian, w. v., _to show one's self brave_: pret. bealdode gôdum dædum
+(_through brave deeds_), 2178.
+
+bealdor, st. m., _lord, prince_: nom. sg. sinca baldor, 2429; winia
+bealdor, 2568.
+
+bealu, st. n., _evil, ruin, destruction_: instr. sg. bealwe, 2827; gen. pl.
+bealuwa, 281; bealewa, 2083; bealwa, 910.--Comp.: cwealm-, ealdor-,
+hreðer-, leód-, morðor-, niht-, sweord-, wîg-bealu.
+
+bealu, adj., _deadly, dangerous, bad_: instr. sg. hyne sâr hafað befongen
+balwon bendum, _pain has entwined him in deadly bands_, 978.
+
+bealo-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, death by the sword_(?), 2266.
+
+bealo-hycgende, pres. part., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_:
+gen. pl. æghwäðrum bealo-hycgendra, 2566.
+
+bealo-hydig, adj., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_: of Grendel,
+724.
+
+bealo-nîð, st. m., (_zeal for destruction_), _deadly enmity_: nom. sg.,
+2405; _destructive struggle_: acc. sg. bebeorh þe þone bealonîð, _beware of
+destructive striving_, 1759; _death-bringing rage_: nom. sg. him on
+breóstum bealo-nîð weóll, _in his breast raged deadly fury_ (of the
+dragon's poison), 2715.
+
+bearhtm (see beorht): 1) st. m., _splendor, brightness, clearness_: nom.
+sg. eágena bearhtm, 1767.--2) _sound, tone_: acc. sg. bearhtm ongeâton,
+gûðhorn galan, _they heard the sound, (heard) the battle-horn sound_, 1432.
+
+bearm, m., gremium, sinus, _lap, bosom_: nom. sg. foldan bearm, 1138; acc.
+sg. on bearm scipes, 35, 897; on bearm nacan, 214; him on bearm hladan
+bunan and discas, 2776.--2) figuratively, _possession, property_, because
+things bestowed were placed in the lap of the receiver (1145 and 2195, on
+bearm licgan, âlecgan); dat. sg. him tô bearme cwom mâððumfät mære, _came
+into his possession_, 2405.
+
+bearn, st. n., 1) _child, son_: nom. sg. bearn Healfdenes, 469, etc.;
+Ecglâfes bearn, 499, etc.; dat. sg. bearne, 2371; nom. pl. bearn, 59; dat.
+pl. bearnum, 1075.--2) in a broader sense, _scion, offspring, descendant_:
+nom. sg. Ongenþeów's bearn, of his grandson, 2388; nom. pl. yldo. bearn,
+70; gumena bearn, _children of men_, 879; häleða bearn, 1190; äðelinga
+bearn, 3172; acc. pl. ofer ylda bearn, 606; dat. pl. ylda bearnum, 150;
+gen. pl. niðða bearna, 1006.--Comp.: brôðor-, dryht-bearn.
+
+bearn-gebyrdu, f., _birth, birth of a son_: gen. sg. þät hyre ealdmetod
+êste wære bearn-gebyrdo, _has been gracious through the birth of such a
+son_ (i.e. as Beówulf), 947.
+
+bearu, st. m., (_the bearer_, hence properly only the fruit-tree,
+especially the oak and the beech), _tree_, collectively _forest_: nom. pl.
+hrîmge bearwas, _rime-covered_ or _ice-clad_, 1364.
+
+beácen, st. n., _sign, banner_, vexillum: nom. sg. beorht beácen godes, _of
+the sun_, 570; gen. pl. beácna beorhtost, 2778. See bêcn.
+
+ge-beácnian, w. v., _to mark, to indicate_: pret. part. ge-beácnod, 140.
+
+beág, st. m., _ring, ornament_: nom. sg. beáh (_neck-ring_), 1212; acc. sg.
+beáh (the collar of the murdered king of the Heaðobeardnas), 2042; bêg
+(collective for the acc. pl.), 3165; dat. sg. cwom Wealhþeó forð gân under
+gyldnum beáge, _she walked along under a golden head-ring, wore a golden
+diadem_, 1164; gen. sg. beáges (of a collar), 1217; acc. pl. beágas (rings
+in general), 80, 523, etc.; gen. pl. beága, 35, 352, 1488, 2285, etc.--
+Comp.: earm-, heals-beág.
+
+beág-gyfa, w. m., _ring-giver_, designation of the prince: gen. sg. -gyfan,
+1103.
+
+beág-hroden, adj., _adorned with rings, ornamented with clasps_: nom. sg.
+beághroden, cwên, of Hrôðgâr's consort, perhaps with reference to her
+diadem (cf. 1164), 624.
+
+beáh-hord, st. m. n., _ring-hoard, treasure consisting of rings_: gen. sg.
+beáh-hordes, 895; dat. pl. beáh-hordum, 2827; gen. pl. beáh-horda weard, of
+King Hrôðgâr, 922.
+
+beáh-sele, st. m., _ring-hall, hall in which the rings were distributed_:
+nom. sg., of Heorot, 1178.
+
+beáh-þegu, st. f., _the receiving of the ring_: dat. sg. äfter beáh-þege,
+2177.
+
+beáh-wriða, w. m. _ring-band_, ring with prominence given to its having the
+form of a band: acc. sg. beáh-wriðan, 2019.
+
+beám, st. m., _tree_, only in the compounds fyrgen-, gleó-beám.
+
+beátan, st. v., _thrust, strike_: pres. sg. mearh burhstede beáteð, _the
+steed beats the castle-ground_ (place where the castle is built), i.e. with
+his hoofs, 2266; pret. part. swealt bille ge-beáten, _died, struck by the
+battle-axe_, 2360.
+
+beorh, st. m.: 1) _mountain, rock_: dat. sg. beorge, 211; gen. sg. beorges,
+2525, 2756; acc. pl. beorgas, 222.--2) _grave-mound, tomb-hill_: acc. sg.
+biorh, 2808; beorh, 3098, 3165. A grave-mound serves the drake as a retreat
+(cf. 2277, 2412): nom. sg. beorh, 2242; gen. sg. beorges, 2323.--Comp.
+stân-beorh.
+
+beorh, st. f., _veil, covering, cap_; only in the comp. heáfod-beorh.
+
+beorgan, st. v. (w. dat. of the interested person or thing), _to save, to
+shield_: inf. wolde feore beorgan, _place her life in safety_, 1294;
+here-byrne ... seó þe bâncôfan beorgan cûðe, _which could protect his
+body_, 1446; pret. pl. ealdre burgan, 2600.
+
+be-beorgan (w. dat. refl. of pers. and acc. of the thing), _to take care,
+to defend one's self from_: inf. him be-beorgan ne con wom, _cannot keep
+himself from stain_ (fault), 1747; imp. bebeorh þe þone bealontð, 1759.
+
+ge-beorgan (w, dat. of person or thing to be saved), _to save, to protect_:
+pret. sg. þät gebearh feore, _protected the life_, 1549; scyld wel gebearg
+lîfe and lîce, 2571.
+
+ymb-beorgan, _to surround protectingly_: pret. sg. bring ûtan ymb-bearh,
+1504.
+
+beorht, byrht, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining, radiant, shimmering_: nom. sg.
+beorht, of the sun, 570, 1803; beorhta, of Heorot, 1178; þät beorhte bold,
+998; acc. sg. beorhtne, of Beówulf's grave-mound, 2804; dat. sg. tô þære
+byrhtan (here-byrhtan, MS.) byrig, 1200; acc. pl. beorhte frätwe, 214, 897;
+beorhte randas, 231; bordwudu beorhtan, 1244; n. beorht hofu, 2314.
+Superl.: beácna beorhtost, 2778. --2) _excellent, remarkable_: gen. sg.
+beorhtre bôte, 158. --Comp.: sadol-, wlite-beorht.
+
+beorhte, adv., _brilliantly, brightly, radiantly_, 1518.
+
+beorhtian, w. v., _to sound clearly_: pret. sg. beorhtode benc-swêg, 1162.
+
+beorn, st. m., _hero, warrior, noble man_: nom. sg. (Hrôðgâr), 1881,
+(Beówulf), 2434, etc.; acc. sg. (Beów.), 1025, (Äschere), 1300; dat. sg.
+beorne, 2261; nom. pl. beornas (Beówulf and his companions), 211,
+(Hrôðgâr's guests), 857; gen. pl. biorna (Beówulf's liege-men),
+2405.--Comp.: folc-, gûð-beorn.
+
+beornan, st. v., _to burn_: pres. part. byrnende (of the drake),
+2273.--Comp. un-byrnende.
+
+for-beornan, _to be consumed, to burn_: pret. sg. for-barn, 1617, 1668;
+for-born, 2673.
+
+ge-beornan, _to be burned_: pret. gebarn, 2698.
+
+beorn-cyning, st. m., _king of warriors, king of heroes_: nom. sg. (as
+voc.), 2149.
+
+beódan, st. v.: 1) _to announce, to inform, to make known_: inf. biódan,
+2893.--2) _to offer, to proffer_ (as the notifying of a transaction in
+direct reference to the person concerned in it): pret. pl. him geþingo
+budon, _offered them an agreement_, 1086; pret. part. þâ wäs æht boden
+Sweona leódum, _then was pursuit offered the Swedish people_, 2958; inf. ic
+þäm gôdan sceal mâðmas beódan, _I shall offer the excellent man treasures_,
+385.
+
+â-beódan, _to present, to announce_: pret. word inne âbeád, _made known the
+words within_, 390; _to offer, to tender, to wish_: pret. him hæl âbeád,
+_wished him health_ (greeted him), 654. Similarly, hælo âbeád, 2419; eoton
+weard âbeád, _offered the giant a watcher_, 669.
+
+be-beódan, _to command, to order_: pret. swâ him se hearda bebeád, _as the
+strong man commanded them_, 401. Similarly, swâ se rîca bebeád, 1976.
+
+ge-beódan: 1) _to command, to order_: inf. hêt þâ gebeódan byre Wihstânes
+häleða monegum, þät hie..., _the son of Wihstan caused orders to be given
+to many of the men..._, 3111.--2) _to offer_: him Hygd gebeád hord and
+rîce, _offered him the treasure and the chief power_, 2370; inf. gûðe
+gebeódan, _to offer battle_, 604.
+
+beód-geneát, st. m., _table-companion_: nom. and acc. pl. geneátas, 343,
+1714.
+
+beón, verb, _to be_, generally in the future sense, _will be_: pres. sg. I.
+gûðgeweorca ic beó gearo sôna, _I shall immediately be ready for warlike
+deeds_, 1826; sg. III. wâ bið þäm þe sceal..., _woe to him who_...! 183;
+so, 186; gifeðe bið is given, 299; ne bið þe wilna gâd (_no wish will be
+denied thee_), 661; þær þe bið manna þearf, _if thou shalt need the
+warriors_, 1836; ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw, _is not becoming, honorable to
+a woman_, 1941; eft sôna bið _will happen directly_, 1763; similarly, 1768,
+etc.; pl. þonne bióð brocene, _then are broken_, 2064; feor cýððe beóð
+sêlran gesôhte þam þe..., "terrae longinquae meliores sunt visitatu ei
+qui..." (Grein), 1839; imp. beó (bió) þu on ôfeste, _hasten!_ 386, 2748;
+beó wið Geátas gläd, _be gracious to the Geátas_, 1174.
+
+beór, st. n., _beer_: dat. sg. ät beóre, _at beer-drinking_, 2042; instr.
+sg. beóre druncen, 531; beóre druncne, 480.
+
+beór-scealc, st. m., _keeper of the beer, cup-bearer_: gen. pl.
+beór-scealca sum (one of Hrôðgâr's followers, because they served the
+Geátas at meals), 1241.
+
+beór-sele, st. m., _beer-hall, hall in which beer is drunk_: dat. sg. in
+(on) beórsele, 482, 492, 1095; biórsele, 2636.
+
+beór-þegu, st. f., _beer-drinking, beer-banquet_: dat. sg. äfter beórþege,
+117; ät þære beórþege, 618.
+
+beót, st. n., _promise, binding agreement to something that is to be
+undertaken_: acc. sg. he beót ne âlêh, _did not break his pledge_, 80; beót
+eal ... gelæste, _performed all that he had pledged himself to_, 523.
+
+ge-beótian, w. v., _to pledge one's self to an undertaking, to bind one's
+self_: pret. gebeótedon, 480, 536.
+
+beót-word, st. n., same as beót: dat. pl. beót-wordum spräc, 2511.
+
+biddan, st. v., _to beg, to ask, to pray_: pres. sg. I. dôð swâ ic bidde!
+1232; inf. (w. acc. of the pers. and gen. of the thing asked for) ic þe
+biddan wille ânre bêne, _beg thee for one_, 427; pret. swâ he selfa bäd,
+_as he himself had requested_, 29; bäd hine blîðne (supply wesan) ät þære
+beórþege, _begged him to be cheerful at the beer-banquet_, 618; ic þe lange
+bäd þät þu..., _begged you a long time that you_, 1995; frioðowære bäd
+hlâford sînne, _begged his lord for protection_ (acc. of pers. and gen. of
+thing), 2283; bäd þät ge geworhton, _asked that you_..., 3097; pl. wordum
+bædon þät..., 176.
+
+on-bidian, w. v., _to await_: inf. lætað hilde-bord her onbidian ... worda
+geþinges, _let the shields await here the result of the conference_ (lay
+the shields aside here), 397.
+
+bil, st. n. _sword_: nom. sg. bil, 1568; bill, 2778; acc. sg. bil, 1558;
+instr. sg. bille, 2360; gen. sg. billes, 2061, etc.; instr. pl. billum, 40;
+gen. pl. billa, 583, 1145.--Comp.: gûð-, hilde-, wîg-bil.
+
+bindan, st. v., _to bind, to tie_: pret. part. acc. sg. wudu bundenne, _the
+bound wood_, i.e. the built ship, 216; bunden golde swurd, _a sword bound
+with gold_, i.e. either having its hilt inlaid with gold, or having gold
+chains upon the hilt (swords of both kinds have been found), 1901; nom. sg.
+heoru bunden, 1286, has probably a similar meaning.
+
+ge-bindan, _to bind_: pret. sg. þær ic fîfe geband, _where I had bound
+five_(?), 420; pret. part. cyninges þegn word ôðer fand sôðe gebunden, _the
+king's man found_ (after many had already praised Beówulf's deed) _other
+words_ (also referring to Beówulf, but in connection with Sigemund)
+_rightly bound together_, i.e. in good alliterative verses, as are becoming
+to a gid, 872; wundenmæl wrättum gebunden, _sword bound with ornaments_,
+i.e. inlaid, 1532; bisgum gebunden, _bound together by sorrow_, 1744; gomel
+gûðwîga eldo gebunden, _hoary hero bound by old age_ (fettered, oppressed),
+2112.
+
+on-bindan, _to unbind, to untie, to loose_: pret. onband, 501.
+
+ge-bind, st. n. coll., _that which binds, fetters_: in comp. îs-gebind.
+
+bite, st. m., _bite_, figuratively of the cut of the sword: acc. sg. bite
+îrena, _the swords' bite_, 2260; dat. sg. äfter billes bite, 2061.--Comp.
+lâð-bite.
+
+biter (primary meaning that of biting), adj.: 1) _sharp, cutting, cutting
+in_: acc. sg. biter (of a short sword), 2705; instr. sg. biteran stræle,
+1747; instr. pl. biteran bânum, _with sharp teeth_, 2693.--2) _irritated,
+furious_: nom. pl. bitere, 1432.
+
+bitre, adv., _bitterly_ (in a moral sense), 2332.
+
+bî, big (fuller form of the prep. be, which see), prep. w. dat.: 1) _near,
+at, on, about, by_ (as under be, No. 1): bî sæm tweónum, _in the circuit of
+both seas_, 1957; ârâs bî ronde, _raised himself up by the shield_, 2539;
+bî wealle gesät, _sat by the wall_, 2718. With a freer position: him big
+stôdan bunan and orcas, _round about him_, 3048.--2) _to, towards_
+(motion): hwearf þâ bî bence, _turned then towards the bench_, 1189; geóng
+bî sesse, _went to the seat_, 2757.
+
+bîd (see bîdan), st. n., _tarrying hesitation_: þær wearð Ongenþió on bîd
+wrecen, _forced to tarry_, 2963.
+
+bîdan, st. v.: 1) _to delay, to stay, to remain, to wait_: inf. nô on
+wealle leng bîdan wolde, _would not stay longer within the wall_ (the
+drake), 2309; pret. in þýstrum bâd, _remained in darkness_, 87; flota
+stille bâd, _the craft lay still_, 301; receda ... on þäm se rîca bâd,
+_where the mighty one dwelt_, 310; þær se snottra bâd, _where the wise man_
+(Hrôðgâr) _waited_, 1314; he on searwum bâd, _he_ (Beówulf) _stood there
+armed_, 2569; ic on earde bâd mælgesceafta, _lived upon the paternal ground
+the time appointed me by fate_, 2737; pret. pl. sume þær bidon, _some
+remained, waited there_, 400.--2) _to await, to wait for_, with the gen. of
+that which is awaited: inf. bîdan woldon Grendles gûðe, _wished to await
+the combat with Grendel, to undertake it_, 482; similarly, 528; wîges
+bîdan, _await the combat_, 1269; nalas andsware bîdan wolde, _would await
+no answer_, 1495; pret. bâd beadwa geþinges, _awaited the event of the
+battle_, 710; sægenga bâd âgend-freán, _the sea-goer_ (boat) _awaited its
+owner_, 1883; sele ... heaðowylma bâd, lâðan lîges (the poet probably means
+to indicate by these words that the hall Heorot was destroyed later in a
+fight by fire; an occurrence, indeed, about which we know nothing, but
+which 1165 and 1166, and again 2068 ff. seem to indicate), 82.
+
+â-bîdan, _to await_, with the gen.: inf., 978.
+
+ge-bîdan: 1) _to tarry, to wait_: imp. gebîde ge on beorge, _wait ye on the
+mountain_, 2530; pret. part. þeáh þe wintra lyt under burhlocan gebiden
+häbbe Häreðes dôhtor _although H's daughter had dwelt only a few years in
+the castle_, 1929.--2) _to live through, to experience, to expect_ (w.
+acc.): inf. sceal endedäg mînne gebîdan, _shall live my last day_, 639; ne
+wênde ... bôte gebîdan, _did not hope ... to live to see reparation_, 935;
+fela sceal gebîdan leófes and lâðes, _experience much good and much
+affliction_, 1061; ende gebîdan, 1387, 2343; pret. he þäs frôfre gebâd,
+_received consolation_ (compensation) _therefore_, 7; gebâd wintra worn,
+_lived a great number of years_, 264; in a similar construction, 816, 930,
+1619, 2259, 3117. With gen.: inf. tô gebîdanne ôðres yrfeweardes, _to await
+another heir_, 2453. With depend, clause: inf. tô gebîdanne þät his byre
+rîde on galgan, _to live to see it, that his son hang upon the gallows_,
+2446; pret. dreám-leás gebâd þät he..., _joyless he experienced it, that
+he_..., 1721; þäs þe ic on aldre gebâd þät ic..., _for this, that I, in my
+old age, lived to see that_..., 1780.
+
+on-bîdan, _to wait, to await_: pret. hordweard onbâd earfoðlîce ôð þät æfen
+cwom, _scarcely waited, could scarcely delay till it was evening_, 2303.
+
+bîtan, st. v., _to bite_, of the cutting of swords: inf. bîtan, 1455, 1524;
+pret. bât bânlocan, _bit into his body_ (Grendel), 743; bât unswîðor, _cut
+with less force_ (Beówulf's sword), 2579.
+
+blanca, w. m., properly _that which shines_ here of the horse, not so much
+of the white horse as the dappled: dat. pl. on blancum, 857.
+
+ge-bland, ge-blond, st. n., _mixture, heaving mass, a turning_.--Comp.:
+sund-, ýð-geblond, windblond.
+
+blanden-feax, blonden-feax, adj., _mixed_, i.e. having gray hair,
+_gray-headed_, as epithet of an old man: nom. sg. blondenfeax, 1792;
+blondenfexa, 2963; dat. sg. blondenfeaxum, 1874; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe,
+1595.
+
+bläc, adj., _dark, black_: nom. sg, hrefn blaca, 1802.
+
+blâc, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining_: acc. sg. blâcne leóman, _a brilliant
+gleam_, 1518.--2) of the white death-color, _pale_; in comp. heoroblâc.
+
+blæd, st. m.: 1) _strength, force, vigor_: nom. sg. wäs hira blæd scacen
+(of both tribes), _strength was gone_, i.e. the bravest of both tribes lay
+slain, 1125; nu is þînes mägnes blæd âne hwîle, _now the fulness of thy
+strength lasts for a time_, 1762.--2) _reputation, renown, knowledge_ (with
+stress upon the idea of filling up, spreading out): nom. sg. blæd, 18;
+(þîn) blæd is âræred, _thy renown is spread abroad_, 1704.
+
+blæd-âgend, pt., _having renown, renowned_: nom. pl. blæd-âgende, 1014.
+
+blæd-fäst, adj., _firm in renown, renowned, known afar_: acc. sg.
+blædfästne beorn (of Äschere, with reference to 1329), 1300.
+
+bleát, adj., _miserable, helpless_; only in comp. wäl-bleát.
+
+bleáte, adv., _miserably, helplessly_, 2825.
+
+blîcan, st. v., _shine, gleam_: inf., 222
+
+blîðe, adj.: 1) _blithe, joyous, happy_ acc. sg. blîðne, 618.--2)
+_gracious, pleasing_: nom. sg. blîðe, 436.--Comp. un-blîðe.
+
+blîð-heort, adj., _joyous in heart, happy_: nom. sg., 1803.
+
+blôd, st. n., _blood_: nom. sg., 1122; acc. sg., 743; dat. sg. blôde, 848;
+äfter deórum men him langað beorn wið blôde, _the hero_ (Hrôðgâr) _longs
+for the beloved man contrary to blood_, i.e. he loves him although he is
+not related to him by blood, 1881; dat. as instr. blôde, 486, 935, 1595,
+etc.
+
+blôd-fâg, adj., _spotted with blood, bloody_, 2061.
+
+blôdig, adj., _bloody_: acc. sg. f. blôdge, 991; acc. sg. n. blôdig, 448;
+instr. sg. blôdigan gâre, 2441.
+
+ge-blôdian, w. v., _to make bloody, to sprinkle with blood_: pret. part.
+ge-blôdegod, 2693.
+
+blôdig-tôð, adj., _with bloody teeth_: nom. sg. bona blôdig-tôð (of
+Grendel, because he bites his victims to death), 2083.
+
+blôd-reów, adj., _bloodthirsty, bloody-minded_: nom. sg. him on ferhðe
+greów breóst-hord blôd-reów, _in his bosom there grew a bloodthirsty
+feeling_, 1720.
+
+be-bod, st. n., _command, order_; in comp. wundor-bebod.
+
+bodian, w. v., _(to be a messenger), to announce, to make known_: pret.
+hrefn blaca heofones wynne blîð-heort bodode, _the black raven announced
+joyfully heaven's delight_ (the rising sun), 1803.
+
+boga, w. m., _bow_, of the bended form; here of the dragon, in comp.
+hring-boga; as an instrument for shooting, in the comp. flân-, horn-boga;
+bow of the arch, in comp. stân-boga.
+
+bolca, w. m., "forus navis" (Grein), _gangway_; here probably the planks
+which at landing are laid from the ship to the shore: acc. sg. ofer bolcan,
+231.
+
+bold, st. n., _building, house, edifice_: nom. sg. (Heorot), 998;
+(Hygelâc's residence), 1926; (Beówulfs residence), 2197, 2327.--Comp.
+fold-bold.
+
+bold-âgend, pt., _house-owner, property-holder_: gen. pl. monegum
+boldâgendra, 3113.
+
+bolgen-môd, adj., _angry at heart, angry_, 710, 1714.
+
+bolster, st. m., _bolster, cushion, pillow_: dat. pl. (reced) geond-bræded
+wearð beddum and bolstrum, _was covered with beds and bolsters_,
+1241.--Comp. hleór-bolster.
+
+bon-. See ban-.
+
+bora, w. m., _carrier, bringer, leader_: in the comp. mund-, ræd-,
+wæg-bora.
+
+bord, st. n., _shield_: nom. sg., 2674; acc. sg., 2525; gen. pl. ofer borda
+gebräc, _over the crashing of the shields_, 2260.--Comp.: hilde-, wîg-bord.
+
+bord-häbbend, pt., _one having a shield, shield-bearer_: nom. pl. häbbende,
+2896.
+
+bord-hreóða, w. m., _shield-cover, shield_ with particular reference to its
+cover (of hides or linden bark): dat. sg. -hreóðan, 2204.
+
+bord-rand, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg., 2560.
+
+bord-weall, st. m., _shield-wall, wall of shields_: acc. sg., 2981.
+
+bord-wudu, st. m., _shield-wood, shield_: acc. pl. beorhtan beord-wudu,
+1244.
+
+botm, st. m., _bottom_: dat. sg. tô botme (here of the bottom of the
+fen-lake), 1507.
+
+bôt (emendation, cf. bêtan), st. f.: 1) _relief, remedy_: nom. sg., 281;
+acc. sg. bôte, 935; acc. sg. bôte, 910.--2) _a performance in expiation, a
+giving satisfaction, tribute_: gen. sg. bôte, 158.
+
+brand, brond, st. m.: 1) _burning, fire_: nom. sg. þâ sceal brond fretan
+(_the burning of the body_), 3015; instr. sg. by hine ne môston ... bronde
+forbärnan (_could not bestow upon him the solemn burning_), 2127; häfde
+landwara lîge befangen, bæle and bronde, _with glow, fire, and flame_,
+2323.--2) in the passage, þät hine nô brond ne beadomêcas bîtan ne meahton,
+1455, brond has been translated _sword, brand_ (after the O.N. brand-r).
+The meaning _fire_ may be justified as well, if we consider that the old
+helmets were generally made of leather, and only the principal parts were
+mounted with bronze. The poet wishes here to emphasize the fact that the
+helmet was made entirely of metal, a thing which was very unusual.--3) in
+the passage, forgeaf þâ Beówulfe brand Healfdenes segen gyldenne, 1021, our
+text, with other editions, has emendated, bearn, since brand, if it be
+intended as a designation of Hrôðgâr (perhaps _son_), has not up to this
+time been found in this sense in A.-S.
+
+brant, bront, adj., _raging, foaming, going-high_, of ships and of waves:
+acc. sg. brontne, 238, 568.
+
+brâd, adj.: 1) _extended, wide_: nom. pl. brâde rîce, 2208.--2) _broad_:
+nom. sg. heáh and brâd (of Beówulf's grave-mound), 3159; acc. sg. brâdne
+mêce, 2979; (seax) brâd [and] brûnecg, _the broad, short sword with bright
+edge_, 1547.--3) _massive, in abundance_. acc, sg. brâd gold, 3106.
+
+ge-bräc, st. n., _noise, crash_: acc. sg. borda gebräc, 2260.
+
+geond-brædan, w. v., _to spread over, to cover entirely_: pret. part.
+geond-bræded, 1240.
+
+brecan, st. v.: 1) _to break, to break to pieces_: pret. bânhringas bräc,
+(the sword) _broke the joints_, 1568. In a moral sense: pret. subj. þät þær
+ænig mon wære ne bræce, _that no one should break the agreement_, 1101;
+pret. part. þonne bióð brocene ... âð-sweord eorla, _then are the oaths of
+the men broken_, 2064.--2) probably also simply _to break in upon
+something, to press upon_, w. acc.: pret. sg. sædeór monig hildetuxum
+heresyrcan bräc, _many a sea-animal pressed with his battle-teeth upon the
+shirt of mail_ (did not break it, for, according to 1549 f., 1553 f., it
+was still unharmed). 1512.--3) _to break out, to spring out_: inf. geseah
+... streám ût brecan of beorge, _saw a stream break out from the rocks_,
+2547; lêt se hearda Higelâces þegn brâdne mêce ... brecan ofer bordweal,
+_caused the broadsword to spring out over the wall of shields_, 2981.--4)
+figuratively, _to vex, not to let rest_: pret. hine fyrwyt bräc, _curiosity
+tormented_ (N.H.G. brachte die Neugier um), 232, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-brecan, _to break to pieces_: pret. bânhûs gebräc, _broke in pieces his
+body_ (Beówulf in combat with Däghrefn), 2509.
+
+tô-brecan, _to break in pieces_: inf., 781; pret. part. tô-brocen, 998.
+
+þurh-brecan, _to break through_, pret. wordes ord breósthord þurh-bräc,
+_the word's point broke through his closed breast_, i.e. a word burst out
+from his breast, 2793.
+
+brecð, st. f., _condition of being broken, breach_: nom. pl. môdes brecða
+(_sorrow of heart_), 171.
+
+â-bredwian, w. v. w. acc., _to fell to the ground, to kill_ (?): pret.
+âbredwade, 2620.
+
+bregdan, st. v., properly _to swing round_, hence: 1) _to swing_: inf.
+under sceadu bregdan, _swing among the shadows, to send into the realm of
+shadows_, 708; pret. brägd ealde lâfe, _swung the old weapon_, 796; brägd
+feorh-genîðlan, _swung his mortal enemy_ (Grendel's mother), threw her
+down, 1540; pl. git eágorstreám ... mundum brugdon, _stirred the sea with
+your hands_ (of the movement of the hands in swimming), 514; pret. part.
+broden (brogden) mæl, _the drawn sword_, 1617, 1668.--2) _to knit, to knot,
+to plait_: inf., figuratively, inwitnet ôðrum bregdan, _to weave a
+waylaying net for another_ (as we say in the same way, to lay a trap for
+another, to dig a pit for another), 2168; pret. part. beadohrägl broden, _a
+woven shirt of mail_ (because it consisted of metal rings joined together),
+552; similarly, 1549; brogdne beadusercean, 2756.
+
+â-bregdan, _to swing_: pret. hond up â-bräd, _swung, raised his hand_,
+2576.
+
+ge-bregdan: 1) _swing_: pret. hring-mæl gebrägd, _swung the ringed sword_,
+1565; eald sweord eácen ... þät ic þý wæpne gebrägd, _an old heavy sword
+that I swung as my weapon_, 1665; with interchanging instr. and acc.
+wällseaxe gebräd, biter and beadu-scearp, 2704; also, _to draw out of the
+sheath_: sweord ær gebräd, _had drawn the sword before_, 2563.--2) _to
+knit, to knot, to plait_: pret. part. bere-byrne hondum gebroden, 1444.
+
+on-bregdan, _to tear open, to throw open_: pret. onbräd þâ recedes mûðan,
+_had then thrown open the entrance of the hall_ (onbregdan is used because
+the opening door swings upon its hinges), 724.
+
+brego, st. m., _prince, ruler_: nom. sg. 427, 610.
+
+brego-rôf, adj., _powerful, like a ruler, of heroic strength_: nom. sg. m.,
+1926.
+
+brego-stôl, st. m., _throne_, figuratively for _rule_: acc. sg. him
+gesealde seofon þûsendo, bold and brego-stôl, _seven thousand_ see under
+sceat), _a country-seat, and the dignity of a prince_, 2197; þær him Hygd
+gebeád ... brego-stôl, _where H. offered him the chief power_, 2371; lêt
+þone bregostôl Beówulf healdan, _gave over to Beówulf the chief power_ (did
+not prevent Beówulf from entering upon the government), 2390.
+
+breme, adj., _known afar, renowned_. nom. sg., 18.
+
+brenting (see brant), st. m., _ship craft_: nom. pl. brentingas, 2808.
+
+â-breátan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. âbreót
+brimwîsan, _killed the sea-king_ (King Hæðcyn), 2931. See breótan.
+
+breóst, st. n.: 1) _breast_: nom. sg., 2177; often used in the pl., so acc.
+þät mîne breóst wereð, _which protects my breast_, 453; dat. pl. beadohrägl
+broden on breóstum läg. 552.--2) _the inmost thoughts, the mind, the heart,
+the bosom_: nom. sg. breóst innan weóll þeóstrum geþoncum, _his breast
+heaved with troubled thoughts_, 2332; dat. pl. lêt þâ of breóstum word ût
+faran, _caused the words to come out from his bosom_, 2551.
+
+breóst-gehygd, st. n. f., _breast-thought, secret thought_: instr. pl.
+-gehygdum, 2819.
+
+breóst-gewædu, st. n. pl., _breast-clothing, garment covering the breast_,
+of the coat of mail: nom., 1212; acc., 2163.
+
+breóst-hord, st. m., _breast-hoard, that which is locked in the breast,
+heart, mind, thought, soul_: nom. sg., 1720; acc. sg., 2793.
+
+breóst-net, st. n., _breast-net, shirt of chain-mail, coat of mail_: nom.
+sg. breóst-net broden, 1549.
+
+breóst-weorðung, st. f., _ornament that is worn upon the breast_: acc. sg.
+breóst-weorðunge, 2505: here the collar is meant which Beówulf receives
+from Wealhþeów (1196, 2174) as a present, and which B., according to 2173,
+presents to Hygd, while, according to 1203, it is in the possession of her
+husband Hygelâc. In front the collar is trimmed with ornaments (frätwe),
+which hang down upon the breast, hence the name breóst-weorðung.
+
+breóst-wylm, st. m., _heaving of the breast, emotion of the bosom_: acc.
+sg, 1878.
+
+breótan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. breát
+beódgeneátas, _killed his table-companions_ (courtiers), 1714.
+
+â-breótan, same as above: pret. þone þe heó on räste âbreát, _whom she
+killed upon his couch_, 1299; pret. part. þâ þät monige gewearð, þät hine
+seó brimwylf âbroten häfde, _many believed that the sea-wolf_ (Grendel's
+mother) _had killed him_, 1600; hî hyne ... âbroten häfdon, _had killed
+him_ (the dragon), 2708.
+
+brim, st. n., _flood, the sea_: nom. sg., 848, 1595; gen. sg. tô brimes
+faroðe, _to the sea_, 28; ät brimes nosan, _at the sea's promontory_, 2804;
+nom. pl. brimu swaðredon, _the waves subsided_, 570.
+
+brim-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff, cliff washed by the sea_: acc. pl. -clifu,
+222.
+
+brim-lâd, st. f., _flood-way, sea-way_: acc. sg. þâra þe mid Beówulfe
+brimlâde teáh, _who had travelled the sea-way with B._, 1052.
+
+brim-lîðend, pt, _sea-farer, sailor_ acc. p. -lîðende, 568.
+
+brim-streám, st. m., _sea-stream, the flood of the sea_: acc. pl. ofer
+brim-streámas, 1911.
+
+brim-wîsa, w. m., _sea-king_: acc. sg. brimwîsan, of Hæðcyn, king of the
+Geátas, 2931.
+
+brim-wylf, st. f., _sea-wolf_ (designation of Grendel's mother): nom. sg.
+seó brimwylf, 1507, 1600.
+
+brim-wylm, st. m., _sea-wave_: nom. sg., 1495.
+
+bringan, anom. v., _to bring, to bear_: prs. sg. I. ic þe þûsenda þegna
+bringe tô helpe, _bring to your assistance thousands of warriors_, 1830;
+inf. sceal hringnaca ofer heáðu bringan lâc and luftâcen, _shall bring
+gifts and love-tokens over the high sea_, 1863; similarly, 2149, 2505;
+pret. pl. we þâs sælâc ... brôhton, _brought this sea-offering_ (Grendel's
+head), 1654.
+
+ge-bringan, _to bring_: pres. subj. pl. þat we þone gebringan ... on
+âdfäre, _that we bring him upon the funeral-pile_, 3010.
+
+brosnian, w. v., _to crumble, to become rotten, to fall to pieces_: prs.
+sg. III. herepâd ... brosnað äfter beorne, _the coat of mail falls to
+pieces after_ (the death of) _the hero_, 2261.
+
+brôðor, st. m., _brother_: nom. sg., 1325, 2441; dat sg. brêðer, 1263; gen.
+sg. his brôðor bearn, 2620; dat. pl. brôðrum, 588, 1075.
+
+ge-brôðru, pl., _brethren, brothers_: dat. pl. sät be þæm gebrôðrum twæm,
+_sat by the two brothers_, 1192.
+
+brôga, w. m., _terror, horror_: nom. sg., 1292, 2325, 2566; acc. sg. billa
+brôgan, 583.--Comp.: gryre-, here-brôga.
+
+brûcan, st. v. w. gen., _to use, to make use of_: prs. sg. III. se þe longe
+her worolde brûceð, _who here long makes use of the world_, i.e. lives
+long, 1063; imp. brûc manigra mêda, _make use of many rewards, give good
+rewards_, 1179; _to enjoy_: inf. þät he beáhhordes brûcan môste, _could
+enjoy the ring-hoard_, 895; similarly, 2242, 3101; pret. breác
+lîfgesceafta, _enjoyed the appointed life, lived the appointed time_, 1954.
+With the genitive to be supplied: breác þonne môste, 1488; imp. brûc þisses
+beáges, _enjoy this ring, take this ring_, 1217. Upon this meaning depends
+the form of the wish, wel brûcan (compare the German geniesze froh!): inf.
+hêt hine wel brûcan, 1046; hêt hine brûcan well, 2813; imp. brûc ealles
+well, 2163.
+
+brûn, adj., _having a brown lustre, shining_: nom. sg. sió ecg brûn, 2579.
+
+brûn-ecg, adj., _having a gleaming blade_: acc. sg. n. (hyre seaxe) brâd
+[and] brûnecg, _her broad sword with gleaming blade_, 1547.
+
+brûn-fâg, adj., _gleaming like metal_: acc. sg. brûnfâgne helm, 2616.
+
+bryne-leóma, w. m., _light of a conflagration, gleam of fire _: nom. sg.,
+2314.
+
+bryne-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire_: dat. pl. -wylmum, 2327.
+
+brytnian (properly _to break in small pieces_, cf. breótan), w. v., _to
+bestow, to distribute_: pret. sinc brytnade, _distributed presents_, i.e.
+ruled (since the giving of gifts belongs especially to rulers), 2384.
+
+brytta, w. m., _giver, distributer_, always designating the king: nom. sg.
+sinces brytta, 608, 1171, 2072; acc. sg. beága bryttan, 35, 352, 1488;
+sinces bryttan, 1923.
+
+bryttian (_to be a dispenser_), w. v., _to distribute, to confer_: prs. sg.
+III. god manna cynne snyttru bryttað, _bestows wisdom upon the human race_,
+1727.
+
+brýd, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_: acc. sg. brýd, 2931; brýde, 2957, both
+times of the consort of Ongenþeów (?).--2) _betrothed, bride_: nom. sg., of
+Hrôðgâr's daughter, Freáware, 2032.
+
+brýd-bûr, st. n., _woman's apartment_: dat. sg. eode ... cyning of
+brýdbûre, _the king came out of the apartment of his wife_ (into which,
+according to 666, he had gone), 922.
+
+bunden-stefna, w. m., _(that which has a bound prow), the framed ship_:
+nom. sg., 1911.
+
+bune, w. f., _can_ or _cup, drinking-vessel_: nom. pl. bunan, 3048; acc.
+pl. bunan, 2776.
+
+burh, burg, st. f., _castle, city, fortified house_: acc. sg. burh, 523;
+dat. sg. byrig, 1200; dat. pl. burgum, 53, 1969, 2434.--Comp.: freó,
+freoðo-, heá-, hleó-, hord-, leód-, mæg-burg.
+
+burh-loca, w. m., _castle-bars_: dat. sg. under burh-locan, _under the
+castle-bars_, i.e. in the castle (Hygelâc's), 1929.
+
+burh-stede, st. m., _castle-place, place where the castle_ or _city
+stands_: acc. sg. burhstede, 2266.
+
+burh-wela, w. m., _riches, treasure of a castle_ or _city_: gen. sg. þenden
+he burh-welan brûcan môste, 3101.
+
+burne, w. f., _spring, fountain_: gen. þære burnan wälm, _the bubbling of
+the spring_, 2547.
+
+bûan, st. v.: 1) _to stay, to remain, to dwell_: inf. gif he weard onfunde
+bûan on beorge, _if he had found the watchman dwelling on the mountain_,
+2843.--2) _to inhabit_, w. acc.: meduseld bûan, _to inhabit the
+mead-house_, 3066.
+
+ge-bûan, w. acc., _to occupy a house, to take possession_: pret. part. heán
+hûses, hû hit Hring Dene äfter beórþege gebûn häfdon, _how the Danes, after
+their beer-carouse, had occupied it_ (had made their beds in it),
+117.--With the pres. part. bûend are the compounds ceaster-, fold-, grund-,
+lond-bûend.
+
+bûgan, st. v., _to bend, to bow, to sink; to turn, to flee_: prs. sg. III.
+bon-gâr bûgeð, _the fatal spear sinks_, i.e. its deadly point is turned
+down, it rests, 2032; inf. þät se byrnwîga bûgan sceolde, _that the armed
+hero had to sink down_ (having received a deadly blow), 2919; similarly,
+2975; pret. sg. beáh eft under eorðweall, _turned, fled again behind the
+earth-wall_, 2957; pret. pl. bugon tô bence, _turned to the bench_, 327,
+1014; hy on holt bugon, _fled to the wood_, 2599.
+
+â-bûgan, _to bend off, to curve away from_: pret. fram sylle âbeág medubenc
+monig, _from the threshold curved away many a mead-bench_, 776.
+
+be-bûgan, w. acc., _to surround, to encircle_: prs. swâ (_which_) wäter
+bebûgeð, 93; efne swâ sîde swâ sæ bebûgeð windige weallas, _as far as the
+sea encircles windy shores_, 1224.
+
+ge-bûgan, _to bend, to bow, to sink_: a) intrans.: heó on flet gebeáh,
+_sank on the floor_, 1541; þâ gebeáh cyning, _then sank the king_, 2981; þâ
+se wyrm gebeáh snûde tôsomne (_when the drake at once coiled itself up_),
+2568; gewât þâ gebogen scrîðan tô, _advanced with curved body_ (the drake),
+2570.--b) w. acc. of the thing to which one bends or sinks: pret. selereste
+gebeáh, _sank upon the couch in the hall_, 691; similarly gebeág, 1242.
+
+bûr, st. n., _apartment, room_: dat. sg. bûre, 1311, 2456; dat. pl. bûrum,
+140.--Comp. brýd-bûr.
+
+bûtan, bûton (from be and ûtan, hence in its meaning referring to what is
+without, excluded): 1) conj. with subjunctive following, _lest_: bûtan his
+lîc swice, _lest his body escape_, 967. With ind. following, _but_: bûton
+hit wäs mâre þonne ænig mon ôðer tô beadulâce ätberan meahte, _but it_ (the
+sword) _was greater than any other man could have carried to battle_, 1561.
+After a preceding negative verb, _except_: þâra þe gumena bearn gearwe ne
+wiston bûton Fitela mid hine, _which the children of men did not know at
+all, except Fitela, who was with him_, 880; ne nom he mâðm-æhta mâ bûton
+þone hafelan, etc., _he took no more of the rich treasure than the head
+alone_, 1615.--2) prep, with dat., _except_: bûton folcscare, 73; bûton þe,
+658; ealle bûton ânum, 706.
+
+bycgan, w. v., _to buy, to pay_: inf. ne wäs þät gewrixle til þät hie on bâ
+healfa bicgan scoldon freónda feorum, _that was no good transaction, that
+they, on both sides_ (as well to Grendel as to his mother), _had to pay
+with the lives of their friends_, 1306.
+
+be-bycgan, _to sell_: pret. nu ic on mâðma hord mîne bebohte frôde
+feorhlege (_now I, for the treasure-hoard, gave up my old life_), 2800.
+
+ge-bycgan, _to buy, to acquire; to pay_: pret. w. acc. nô þær ænige ...
+frôfre gebohte, _obtained no sort of help, consolation_, 974; hit (his,
+MS.) ealdre gebohte, _paid it with his life_, 2482; pret. part. sylfes
+feore beágas [geboh]te, _bought rings with his own life_, 3015.
+
+byldan, w. v. (_to make_ beald, which see), _to excite, to encourage, to
+brave deeds_: inf. w. acc. swâ he Fresena cyn on beórsele byldan wolde (by
+distributing gifts), 1095.
+
+ge-byrd, st. n., "fatum destinatum" (Grein) (?): acc. sg. hie on gebyrd
+hruron gâre wunde, 1075.
+
+ge-byrdu, st. f., _birth_; in compound, bearn-gebyrdu.
+
+byrdu-scrûd, st. n., _shield-ornament, design upon a shield_(?): nom. sg.,
+2661.
+
+byre, st. m., (_born_) _son_: nom. sg., 2054, 2446, 2622, etc.; nom. pl.
+byre, 1189. In a broader sense, _young man, youth_: acc. pl. bædde byre
+geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+byrðen, st. f., _burden_; in comp. mägen-byrðen.
+
+byrele, st. m., _steward, waiter, cupbearer_: nom. pl. byrelas, 1162.
+
+byrgan, w. v., _to feast, to eat_: inf., 448.
+
+ge-byrgea, w. m., _protector_; in comp. leód-gebyrgea.
+
+byrht. See _beorht_.
+
+byrne, w. f., _shirt of mail, mail_: nom. sg. byrne, 405, 1630, etc.;
+hringed byrne, _ring-shirt_, consisting of interlaced rings, 1246; acc. sg.
+byrnan, 1023, etc.; sîde byrnan, _large coat of mail_, 1292; hringde
+byrnan, 2616; hâre byrnan, _gray coat of mail_ (of iron), 2154; dat. sg. on
+byrnan, 2705; gen. sg. byrnan hring, _the ring of the shirt of mail_ (i.e.
+the shirt of mail), 2261; dat. pl. byrnum, 40, 238, etc.; beorhtum byrnum,
+_with gleaming mail_, 3141.--Comp.: gûð-, here-, heaðo-, îren-,
+îsern-byrne.
+
+byrnend. See beornan.
+
+byrn-wîga, w. m., _warrior dressed in a coat of mail_: nom. sg., 2919.
+
+bysgu, bisigu, st. f., _trouble, difficulty, opposition_: nom. sg. bisigu,
+281; dat. pl. bisgum, 1744, bysigum, 2581.
+
+bysig, adj., _opposed, in need_, in the compounds lîf-bysig, syn-bysig.
+
+býme, w. f., _a wind-instrument, a trumpet, a trombone_: gen. sg. býman
+gealdor, _the sound of the trumpet_, 2944.
+
+býwan, w. v., _to ornament, to prepare_: inf. þâ þe beado-grîman býwan
+sceoldon, _who should prepare the helmets_, 2258.
+
+
+C
+
+camp, st. m., _combat, fight between two_: dat. sg. in campe (Beówulf's
+with Däghrefn; cempan, MS.), 2506.
+
+candel, st. f., _light, candle_: nom. sg. rodores candel, of the sun,
+1573.--Comp. woruld-candel.
+
+cempa, w. m., _fighter, warrior, hero_: nom. sg. äðele cempa, 1313; Geáta
+cempa, 1552; rêðe cempa, 1586; mære cempa (as voc.), 1762; gyrded cempa,
+2079; dat. sg. geongum (geongan) cempan, 1949, 2045, 2627; Hûga cempan,
+2503; acc. pl. cempan, 206.--Comp. fêðe-cempa.
+
+cennan, w. v.: 1) _to bear_, w. acc.: efne swâ hwylc mägða swâ þone magan
+cende, _who bore the son_, 944; pret. part. þäm eafera wäs äfter cenned,
+_to him was a son born_, 12.--2) reflexive, _to show one's self, to reveal
+one's self_: imp. cen þec mid cräfte, _prove yourself by your strength_,
+1220.
+
+â-cennan, _to bear_: pret. part. nô hie fäder cunnon, hwäðer him ænig wäs
+ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, _they_ (the people of the country) _do not know
+his_ (Grendel's) _father, nor whether any evil spirit has been before born
+to him_ (whether he has begotten a son), 1357.
+
+cênðu, st. f., _boldness_: acc. sg. cênðu, 2697.
+
+cêne, adj., _keen, warlike, bold_: gen. p.. cênra gehwylcum, 769. Superl.,
+acc. pl. cênoste, 206.--Comp.: dæd-, gâr-cêne.
+
+ceald, adj., _cold_: acc. pl. cealde streámas, 1262; dat. pl. cealdum
+cearsîðum, _with cold, sad journeys_, 2397. Superl. nom. sg. wedera
+cealdost, 546;--Comp. morgen-ceald.
+
+cearian, w. v., _to have care, to take care, to trouble one's self_: prs.
+sg. III. nâ ymb his lîf cearað, _takes no care for his life_, 1537.
+
+cearig, adj., _troubled, sad_: in comp. sorh-cearig.
+
+cear-sîð, st. m., _sorrowful way, an undertaking that brings sorrow_, i.e.
+a warlike expedition: dat. pl. cearsîðum (of Beówulf's expeditions against
+Eádgils), 2397.
+
+cearu, st. f., _care, sorrow, lamentation_: nom. sg., 1304; acc. sg.
+[ceare], 3173.--Comp.: ealdor-, gûð-, mæl-, môd-cearu.
+
+cear-wälm, st. m., _care-agitation, waves of sorrow in the breast_: dat.
+pl. äfter cear-wälmum, 2067.
+
+cear-wylm, st. m., same as above; nom. pl. þâ cear-wylmas, 282.
+
+ceaster-bûend, pt, _inhabitant of a fortified place, inhabitant of a
+castle_: dat. pl. ceaster-bûendum, of those established in Hrôðgâr's
+castle, 769.
+
+ceáp, st. m., _purchase, transaction_: figuratively, nom. sg. näs þät ýðe
+ceáp, _no easy transaction_, 2416; instr. sg. þeáh þe ôðer hit ealdre
+gebohte, heardan ceápe, _although the one paid it with his life, a dear
+purchase_, 2483.
+
+ge-ceápian, w. v., _to purchase_: pret. part. gold unrîme grimme geceápod,
+_gold without measure, bitterly purchased_ (with Beówulf's life), 3013.
+
+be-ceorfan, st. v., _to separate, to cut off_ (with acc. of the pers. and
+instr. of the thing): pret. hine þâ heáfde becearf, _cut off his head_,
+1591; similarly, 2139.
+
+ceorl, st. m., _man_: nom. sg. snotor ceorl monig, _many a wise man_, 909;
+dat. sg. gomelum ceorle, _the old man_ (of King Hrêðel), 2445; so, ealdum
+ceorle, of King Ongenþeów, 2973; nom. pl. snotere ceorlas, _wise men_, 202,
+416, 1592.
+
+ceól, st. m., _keel_, figuratively for the ship: nom. sg., 1913; acc. sg.
+ceól, 38, 238; gen. sg. ceóles, 1807.
+
+ceósan, st. v., _to choose_, hence, _to assume_: inf. þone cynedôm ciósan
+wolde, _would assume the royal dignity_, 2377; _to seek_: pret. subj. ær he
+bæl cure, _before he sought his funeral-pile_ (before he died), 2819.
+
+ge-ceósan, _to choose, to elect_: gerund, tô geceósenne cyning ænigne
+(sêlran), _to choose a better king_, 1852; imp. þe þät sêlre ge-ceós,
+_choose thee the better_ (of two: bealonîð and êce rædas), 1759; pret. he
+ûsic on herge geceás tô þyssum siðfate, _selected us among the soldiers for
+this undertaking_, 2639; geceás êcne ræd, _chose the everlasting gain_,
+i.e. died, 1202; similarly, godes leóht geceás, 2470; pret. part. acc. pl.
+häfde ... cempan gecorone, 206.
+
+on-cirran, w. v., _to turn, to change_: inf. ne meahte ... þäs wealdendes
+[willan] wiht on-cirran, _could not change the will of the Almighty_, 2858;
+pret. ufor oncirde, _turned higher_, 2952; þyder oncirde, _turned thither_,
+2971.
+
+â-cîgan, w. v., _to call hither_: pret. âcîgde of corðre cyninges þegnas
+syfone, _called from the retinue of the king seven men_, 3122.
+
+clam, clom, st. m., f. n.? _fetter_, figuratively of a strong gripe: dat.
+pl. heardan clammum, 964; heardum clammum, 1336; atolan clommum (horrible
+claws of the mother of Grendel), 1503.
+
+clif, cleof, st. n., _cliff, promontory_: acc. pl. Geáta clifu,
+1912.--Comp.: brim-, êg-, holm-, stân-clif.
+
+ge-cnâwan, st. v., _to know, to recognize_: inf. meaht þu, mîn wine, mêce
+gecnâwan, _mayst thou, my friend, recognize the sword_, 2048.
+
+on-cnâwan, _to recognize, to distinguish_: hordweard oncniów mannes reorde,
+_distinguished the speech of a man_, 2555.
+
+cniht, st. m., _boy, youth_: dat. pl. þyssum cnyhtum, _to these boys_
+(Hrôðgâr's sons), 1220.
+
+cniht-wesende, prs. part., _being a boy_ or _a youth_: acc. sg. ic hine
+cûðe cniht-wesende, _knew him while still a boy_, 372; nom. pl. wit þät
+gecwædon cniht-wesende, _we both as young men said that_, 535.
+
+cnyssan, w. v., _to strike, to dash against each other_: pret. pl. þonne
+... eoferas cnysedan, _when the bold warriors dashed against each other,
+stormed_ (in battle), 1329.
+
+collen-ferhð, -ferð, adj., (properly, _of swollen mind_), _of uncommon
+thoughts, in his way of thinking, standing higher than others,
+high-minded_: nom. sg. cuma collen-ferhð, of Beówulf, 1807; collen-ferð, of
+Wîglâf, 2786.
+
+corðer, st. n., _troop, division of an army, retinue_: dat. sg. þâ wäs ...
+Fin slägen, cyning on corðre, _then was Fin slain, the king in the troop_
+(of warriors), 1154; of corðre cyninges, _out of the retinue of the king_,
+3122.
+
+costian, w. v., _to try_; pret. (w. gen.) he mîn costode, _tried me_, 2085.
+
+côfa, w. m., _apartment, sleeping-room, couch_: in comp. bân-côfa.
+
+côl, adj., _cool_: compar. cearwylmas côlran wurðað, _the waves of sorrow
+become cooler_, i.e. the mind becomes quiet, 282; him wîflufan ... côlran
+weorðað, _his love for his wife cools_, 2067.
+
+cräft, st. m., _the condition of being able_, hence: 1) _physical
+strength_: nom. sg. mägða cräft, 1284; acc. sg. mägenes cräft, 418; þurh
+ânes cräft, 700; cräft and cênðu, 2697; dat. (instr.) sg. cräfte, 983,
+1220, 2182, 2361.--2) _art, craft, skill_: dat. sg. as instr. dyrnum
+cräfte, _with secret_ (magic) _art_, 2169; dyrnan cräfte, 2291; þeófes
+cräfte, _with thief's craft_, 2221; dat. pl. deófles cräftum, _by devil's
+art_ (sorcery), 2089.--3) _great quantity_ (?): acc. sg. wyrm-horda cräft,
+2223.--Comp.: leoðo-, mägen-, nearo-, wîg-cräft.
+
+cräftig, adj.: 1) _strong, stout_: nom. sg. eafoðes cräftig, 1467; nîða
+cräftig, 1963. Comp. wîg-cräftig.--2) _adroit, skilful_: in comp.
+lagu-cräftig.--3) _rich_ (of treasures); in comp. eácen-cräftig.
+
+cringan, st. v., _to fall in combat, to fall with the writhing movement of
+those mortally wounded_: pret. subj. on wäl crunge, _would sink into death,
+would fall_, 636; pret. pl. for the pluperfect, sume on wäle crungon, 1114.
+
+ge-cringan, same as above: pret. he under rande gecranc, _fell under his
+shield_, 1210; ät wîge gecrang, _fell in battle_, 1338; heó on flet
+gecrong, _fell to the ground_, 1569; in campe gecrong, _fell in single
+combat_, 2506.
+
+cuma (_he who comes_), w. m., _newcomer, guest_: nom. sg. 1807.--Comp.:
+cwealm-, wil-cuma.
+
+cuman, st. v., _to come_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu on weg cymest, _if thou
+comest from there_, 1383; III. cymeð, 2059; pres. subj. sg. III. cume, 23;
+pl. þonne we ût cymen, _when we come out_, 3107; inf. cuman, 244, 281,
+1870; pret. sg. com, 430, 569, 826, 1134, 1507, 1601, etc.; cwom, 419,
+2915; pret. subj. sg. cwôme, 732; pret. part. cumen, 376; pl. cumene, 361.
+Often with the inf. of a verb of motion, as, com gongan, 711; com sîðian,
+721; com in gân, 1645; cwom gân, 1163; com scacan, 1803; cwômon lædan, 239;
+cwômon sêcean, 268; cwôman scrîðan, 651, etc. [pret. côm, etc.]
+
+be-cuman, _to come, to approach, to arrive_: pret. syððan niht becom,
+_after the night had come_, 115; þe on þâ leóde becom, _that had come over
+the people_, 192; þâ he tô hâm becom, 2993. And with inf. following: stefn
+in becom ... hlynnan under hârne stân, 2553; lyt eft becwom ... hâmes
+niósan, 2366; ôð þät ende becwom, 1255; similarly, 2117. With acc. of
+pers.: þâ hyne sió þrag becwom, _when this time of battle came over him_,
+2884.
+
+ofer-cuman, _to overcome, to compel_: pret. þý he þone feónd ofercwom,
+_thereby he overcame the foe_, 1274: pl. hie feónd heora ... ofercômon,
+700; pret. part. (w. gen.) nîða ofercumen, _compelled by combats_, 846.
+
+cumbol, cumbor, st. m., _banner_: gen. sg. cumbles hyrde, 2506.--Comp.
+hilte-cumbor.
+
+cund, adj., _originating in, descended from_: in comp. feorran-cund.
+
+cunnan, verb pret. pres.: 1) _to know, to be acquainted with_ (w. acc. or
+depend, clause): sg. pres. I. ic mînne can glädne Hrôðulf þät he ... wile,
+_I know my gracious H., that he will_..., 1181; II. eard git ne const,
+_thou knowest not yet the land_, 1378; III. he þät wyrse ne con, _knows no
+worse_, 1740. And reflexive: con him land geare, _knows the land well_,
+2063; pl. men ne cunnon hwyder helrûnan scrîðað, _men do not know
+whither_..., 162; pret. sg. ic hine cûðe, _knew him_, 372; cûðe he duguð
+þeáw, _knew the customs of the distinguished courtiers_, 359; so with the
+acc., 2013; seolfa ne cûðe þurh hwät..., _he himself did not know through
+what_..., 3068; pl. sorge ne cûðon, 119; so with the acc., 180, 418, 1234.
+With both (acc. and depend. clause): nô hie fäder cunnon (scil. nô hie
+cunnon) hwäðer him ænig wäs ær âcenned dyrnra gâsta, 1356.--2) with inf.
+following, _can, to be able_: prs. sg. him bebeorgan ne con, _cannot defend
+himself_, 1747; prs. pl. men ne cunnon secgan, _cannot say_, 50; pret. sg.
+cûðe reccan, 90; beorgan cûðe, 1446; pret. pl. hêrian ne cûðon, _could not
+praise_, 182; pret. subj. healdan cûðe, 2373.
+
+cunnian, w. v., _to inquire into, to try_, w. gen. or acc.: inf. sund
+cunnian (figurative for _roam over the sea_), 1427, 1445; geongne cempan
+higes cunnian, _to try the young warrior's mind_, 2046; pret. eard cunnode,
+_tried the home_, i.e. came to it, 1501; pl. wada cunnedon, _tried the
+flood_, i.e. swam through the sea, 508.
+
+cûð, adj.: 1) _known, well known; manifest, certain_: nom. sg. undyrne cûð,
+150, 410; wîde cûð, 2924; acc. sg. fern. cûðe folme, 1304; cûðe stræte,
+1635; nom. pl. ecge cûðe, 1146; acc. pl. cûðe nässas, 1913.--2) _renowned_:
+nom. sg. gûðum cûð, 2179; nom. pl. cystum cûðe, 868.--3) also, _friendly,
+dear, good_ (see un-cûð).--Comp.: un-, wîd-cûð.
+
+cûð-lîce, adv., _openly, publicly_: comp. nô her cûðlîcor cuman ongunnon
+lind-häbbende, _no shield-bearing men undertook more boldly to come hither_
+(the coast-watchman means by this the secret landing of the Vikings), 244.
+
+cwalu, st. f., _murder, fall_: in comp. deáð-cwalu.
+
+cweccan (_to make alive_, see cwic), w. v., _to move, to swing_: pret.
+cwehte mägen-wudu, _swung the wood of strength_ (= spear), 235.
+
+cweðan, st. v., _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: prs. sg. III. cwið ät
+beóre, _speaks at beer-drinking_, 2042.--b) w. acc.: pret. word äfter cwäð,
+315; feá worda cwäð, 2247, 2663.--c) with þät following: pret. sg. cwäð,
+92, 2159; pl. cwædon, 3182.--d) with þät omitted: pret. cwäð he gûð-cyning
+sêcean wolde, _said he would seek out the war-king_, 199; similarly, 1811,
+2940.
+
+â-cweðan, _to say, to speak_, w. acc.: prs. þät word âcwyð, _speaks the
+word_, 2047; pret. þät word âcwäð, 655.
+
+ge-cweðan, _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: pret. sg. II. swâ þu gecwæde,
+2665.--b)w. acc.: pret. wel-hwylc gecwäð, _spoke everything_, 875; pl. wit
+þät gecwædon, 535.--c) w. þät following: pret. gecwäð, 858, 988.
+
+cwellan, w. v., (_to make die_), _to kill, to murder_: pret. sg. II. þu
+Grendel cwealdest, 1335.
+
+â-cwellan, _to kill_: pret. sg. (he) wyrm âcwealde, 887; þone þe Grendel ær
+mâne âcwealde, _whom Grendel had before wickedly murdered_, 1056; beorn
+âcwealde, 2122.
+
+cwên, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_ (of noble birth): nom. sg. cwên, 62;
+(Hrôðgâr's), 614, 924; (Finn's), 1154.--2) particularly denoting the queen:
+nom. sg. beághroden cwên (Wealhþeów), 624; mæru cwên, 2017; fremu folces
+cwên (Þryðo), 1933; acc. sg. cwên (Wealhþeów), 666.-Comp. folc-cwên.
+
+cwên-lîc, adj., _feminine, womanly_: nom. sg. ne bið swylc cwênlîc þeáw
+(_such is not the custom of women, does not become a woman_), 1941.
+
+cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder, destruction_: acc. sg. þone cwealm
+gewräc, _avenged the death_ (of Abel by Cain), 107; mændon mondryhtnes
+cwealm, _lamented the ruler's fall_, 3150.--Comp.: bealo-, deáð-,
+gâr-cwealm.
+
+cwealm-bealu, st. n., _the evil of murder_: acc. sg., 1941.
+
+cwealm-cuma, w. m., _one coming for murder, a new-comer who contemplates
+murder_: acc. sg. þone cwealm-cuman (of Grendel), 793.
+
+cwic and cwico, adj., _quick, having life, alive_: acc. sg. cwicne, 793,
+2786; gen. sg. âht cwices, _something living_, 2315; nom. pl. cwice, 98;
+cwico wäs þâ gena, _was still alive_, 3094.
+
+cwide, st. m., _word, speech, saying_: in comp. gegn-, gilp-, hleó-, ðor-
+[non-existant form--KTH], word-cwide.
+
+cwîðan, st. v., _to complain, to lament_: inf. w. acc. ongan ... gioguðe
+cwîðan hilde-strengo, _began to lament the_ (departed) _battle-strength of
+his youth_, 2113 [ceare] cwîðan, _lament their cares_, 3173.
+
+cyme, st. m., _coming, arrival_: nom. pl. hwanan eówre cyme syndon, _whence
+your coming is_, i. e. whence ye are, 257.--Comp. eft-cyme.
+
+cymlîce, adv., (convenienter), _splendidly, grandly_: comp. cymlîcor, 38.
+
+cyn, st. n., _race_, both in the general sense, and denoting noble lineage:
+nom. sg. Fresena cyn, 1094; Wedera (gara, MS.) cyn, 461; acc. sg. eotena
+cyn, 421; giganta cyn, 1691; dat. sg. Caines cynne, 107; manna cynne, 811,
+915, 1726; eówrum (of those who desert Beówulf in battle) cynne, 2886; gen.
+sg. manna (gumena) cynnes, 702, etc.; mæran cynnes, 1730; lâðan cynnes,
+2009, 2355; ûsses cynnes Wægmundinga, 2814; gen. pl. cynna gehwylcum,
+98.--Comp.: eormen-, feorh-, frum-, gum-, man-, wyrm-cyn.
+
+cyn, st. n., _that which is suitable or proper_: gen. pl. cynna (of
+etiquette) gemyndig, 614.
+
+ge-cynde, adj., _innate, peculiar, natural_: nom. sg., 2198, 2697.
+
+cyne-dôm, st. m., _kingdom, royal dignity_: acc. sg., 2377.
+
+cyning, st. m., _king_: nom. acc. sg. cyning, II, 864, 921, etc.; kyning,
+620, 3173; dat. sg. cyninge, 3094; gen. sg. cyninges, 868, 1211; gen. pl.
+kyning[a] wuldor, of God, 666.--Comp. beorn-, eorð-, folc-, guð-, heáh-,
+leód-, sæ-, sôð-, þeód-, worold-, wuldor-cyning.
+
+cyning-beald, adj., "_nobly bold_" (Thorpe), _excellently brave_ (?): nom.
+pl. cyning-balde men, 1635.
+
+ge-cyssan, w. v., _to kiss_: pret. gecyste þâ cyning ... þegen betstan,
+_kissed the best thane_ (Beówulf), 1871.
+
+cyst (_choosing_, see ceósan), st. f., _the select, the best of a thing,
+good quality, excellence_: nom. sg. îrenna cyst, _of the swords_, 803,
+1698; wæpna cyst, 1560; symbla cyst, _choice banquet_, 1233; acc. sg. îrena
+cyst, 674; dat. pl. foldwegas ... cystum cûðe, _known through excellent
+qualities_, 868; (cyning) cystum gecýðed, 924.--Comp. gum-, hilde-cyst.
+
+cýð. See on-cýð.
+
+cýðan (see cûð), w. v., _to make known, to manifest, to show_: imp. sg.
+mägen-ellen cýð, _show thy heroic strength_, 660; inf. cwealmbealu cýðan,
+1941; ellen cýðan, 2696.
+
+ge-cýðan (_to make known_, hence): 1) _to give information, to announce_:
+inf. andsware gecýðan, _to give answer_, 354; gerund, tô gecýðanne hwanan
+eówre cyme syndon (_to show whence ye come_), 257; pret. part. sôð is
+gecýðed þät ... (_the truth has become known_, it has shown itself to be
+true), 701; Higelâce wäs sîð Beówulfes snûde gecýðed, _the arrival of B.
+was quickly announced_, 1972; similarly, 2325.--2) _to make celebrated_, in
+pret. part.: wäs mîn fäder folcum gecýðed (_my father was known to
+warriors_), 262; wäs his môdsefa manegum gecýðed, 349; cystum gecýðed, 924.
+
+cýððu (properly, _condition of being known_, hence _relationship_), st. f.,
+_home, country, land_: in comp. feor-cýððu. [should be cýð, feor-cýð--KTH]
+
+ge-cýpan, w. v., _to purchase_: inf. näs him ænig þearf þät he ... þurfe
+wyrsan wîgfrecan weorðe gecýpan, _had need to buy with treasures no
+inferior warrior_, 2497.
+
+
+D
+
+daroð, st. m., _spear_: dat. pl. dareðum lâcan (_to fight_), 2849.
+
+ge-dâl, st. n., _parting, separation_: nom. sg. his worulde gedâl, _his
+separation from the world_ (his death), 3069.--Comp. ealdor-, lîf-gedâl.
+
+däg, st. m., _day_: nom. sg. däg, 485, 732, 2647; acc. sg. däg, 2400;
+andlangne däg, _the whole day_, 2116; morgenlongne däg (_the whole
+morning_), 2895; ôð dômes däg, _till judgment-day_, 3070; dat. sg. on þäm
+däge þysses lîfes (eo tempore, tunc), 197, 791, 807; gen. sg. däges, 1601,
+2321; hwîl däges, _a day's time, a whole day_, 1496; däges and nihtes, _day
+and night_, 2270; däges, _by day_, 1936; dat. pl. on tyn dagum, _in ten
+days_, 3161.--Comp. ær-, deáð-, ende-, ealdor-, fyrn-, geâr-, læn-, lîf-,
+swylt-, win-däg, an-däges.
+
+däg-hwîl, st. f., _day-time_: acc. pl. þät he däghwîla gedrogen häfde
+eorðan wynne, _that he had enjoyed earth's pleasures during the days_
+(appointed to him), i.e. that his life was finished, 2727.--(After Grein.)
+
+däg-rîm, st. n., _series of days, fixed number of days_: nom. sg. dôgera
+dägrîm (_number of the days of his life_), 824.
+
+dæd, st. f., _deed, action_: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, 585; dômleásan dæd,
+2891; frêcne dæde, 890; dæd, 941; acc. pl. Grendles dæda, 195; gen. pl.
+dæda, 181, 479, 2455, etc.; dat. pl. dædum, 1228, 2437, etc.--Comp. ellen-,
+fyren-, lof-dæd.
+
+dæd-cêne, adj., _bold in deed_: nom. sg. dæd-cêne mon, 1646.
+
+dæd-fruma, w. m., _doer of deeds, doer_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 2091.
+
+dæd-bata, w. m., _he who pursues with his deeds_: nom. sg., of Grendel,
+275.
+
+dædla, w. m., _doer_: in comp. mân-for-dædla.
+
+dæl, st. m., _part, portion_: acc. sg. dæl, 622, 2246, 3128; acc. pl.
+dælas, 1733.--Often dæl designates the portion of a thing or of a quality
+which belongs in general to an individual, as, ôð þät him on innan
+oferhygda dæl weaxeð, _till in his bosom his portion of arrogance
+increases_: i.e. whatever arrogance he has, his arrogance, 1741. Biówulfe
+wearð dryhtmâðma dæl deáðe, forgolden, _to Beówulf his part of the splendid
+treasures was paid with death_, i.e. whatever splendid treasures were
+allotted to him, whatever part of them he could win in the fight with the
+dragon, 2844; similarly, 1151, 1753, 2029, 2069, 3128.
+
+dælan, w. v., _to divide, to bestow, to share with_, w. acc.: pres. sg.
+III. mâdmas dæleð, 1757; pres. subj. þät he wið aglæcean eofoðo dæle, _that
+he bestow his strength upon_ (strive with) _the bringer of misery_ the
+drake), 2535; inf. hringas dælan, 1971; pret. beágas dælde, 80; sceattas
+dælde, 1687.
+
+be-dælan, w. instr., _(to divide), to tear away from, to strip of_: pret.
+part. dreámum (dreáme) bedæled, _deprived of the heavenly joys_ (of
+Grendel), 722, 1276.
+
+ge-dælan: 1) _to distribute_: inf. (w. acc. _of the thing distributed_);
+bær on innan eall gedælan geongum and ealdum swylc him god sealde,
+_distribute therein to young and old all that God had given him_, 71.--2)
+_to divide, to separate_, with acc.: inf. sundur gedælan lîf wið lîce,
+_separate life from the body_, 2423; so pret. subj. þät he gedælde ... ânra
+gehwylces lîf wið lîce, 732.
+
+denn (cf. denu, dene, vallis), st. n., _den, cave_: acc. sg. þäs wyrmes
+denn, 2761; gen. sg. (draca) gewât dennes niósian, 3046.
+
+ge-defe, adj.: 1) (impersonal) _proper, appropriate_: nom. sg. swâ hit
+gedêfe wäs (bið), _as was appropriate, proper_, 561, 1671, 3176.--2) _good,
+kind, friendly_; nom sg. beó þu suna mînum dædum gedêfe, _be friendly to my
+son by deeds_ (support my son in deed, namely, when he shall have attained
+to the government), 1228.--Comp. un-ge-dêfelîce.
+
+dêman (see dôm), w. v.: 1) _to judge, to award justly_: pres. subj. mærðo
+dême, 688.--2) _to judge favorably, to praise, to glorify_: pret. pl. his
+ellenweorc duguðum dêmdon, _praised his heroic deed with all their might_,
+3176.
+
+dêmend, _judge_: dæda dêmend (of God), 181.
+
+deal, adj., "superbus, clarus, fretus" (Grimm): nom. pl. þryðum dealle,
+494.
+
+deád, adj., _dead_: nom. sg. 467, 1324, 2373; acc. sg. deádne, 1310.
+
+deáð, st. m., _death, dying_: nom. sg, deáð, 441, 447, etc.; acc. sg. deáð,
+2169; dat. sg. deáðe, 1389, 1590, (as instr.) 2844, 3046; gen. sg. deáðes
+wylm, 2270; deáðes nýd, 2455.--Comp. gûð-, wäl-, wundor-deáð.
+
+deáð-bed, st. n., _death-bed_: dat. sg. deáð-bedde fäst, 2902.
+
+deáð-cwalu, st. f., _violent death_, _ruin and death_: dat. pl. tô
+deáð-cwalum, 1713.
+
+deáð-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder_: nom. sg. 1671.
+
+deáð-däg, st. m., _death-day, dying day_: dat. sg. äfter deáð-däge (_after
+his death_), 187, 886.
+
+deáð-fæge, adj., _given over to death_: nom. sg. (Grendel) deáð-fæge deóg,
+_had hidden himself, being given over to death_ (mortally wounded), 851.
+
+deáð-scûa, w. m., _death-shadow, ghostly being, demon of death_: nom. sg.
+deorc deáð-scûa (of Grendel), 160.
+
+deáð-wêrig, adj., _weakened by death_, i.e. dead: acc. sg. deáð-wêrigne,
+2126. See wêrig.
+
+deáð-wîc, st. n. _death's house, home of death_: acc. sg. gewât deáðwîc
+seón (_had died_), 1276.
+
+deágan (O.H.G. pret. part. tougan, _hidden_), _to conceal one's self, to
+hide_: pret. (for pluperf.) deóg, 851.--Leo.
+
+deorc, adj., _dark_: of the night, nom. sg. (nihthelm) deorc, 1791; dat.
+pl. deorcum nihtum, 275, 2212; of the terrible Grendel, nom. sg. deorc
+deáð-scûa, 160.
+
+deófol, st. m. n., _devil_: gen. sg. deófles, 2089; gen. pl. deófla, of
+Grendel and his troop, 757, 1681.
+
+deógol, dýgol, adj., _concealed, hidden, inaccessible, beyond information,
+unknown_: nom. sg. deógol dædhata (of Grendel), 275; acc. sg. dýgel lond,
+_inaccessible land_, 1358.
+
+deóp, st. n., _deep, abyss_: acc. sg., 2550.
+
+deóp, adv. _deeply_: acc. sg. deóp wäter, 509, 1905.
+
+diópe, adj., _deep_: hit ôð dômes däg diópe benemdon þeódnas mære, _the
+illustrious rulers had charmed it deeply till the judgment-day, had laid a
+solemn spell upon it_, 3070.
+
+deór, st. n., _animal, wild animal_: in comp. mere-, sæ-deór.
+
+deór, adj.: 1) _wild, terrible_: nom. sg. diór dæd-fruma (of Grendel),
+2091.--2) _bold, brave_: nom. nænig ... deór, 1934.--Comp.: heaðu-,
+hilde-deór.
+
+deóre, dýre, adj.: 1) _dear, costly_ (high in price): acc. sg. dýre îren,
+2051; drincfät dýre (deóre), 2307, 2255; instr. sg. deóran sweorde, 561;
+dat. sg. deórum mâðme, 1529; nom. pl. dýre swyrd, 3049; acc. pl. deóre
+(dýre) mâðmas, 2237, 3132.--2) _dear, beloved, worthy_: nom. sg. f., äðelum
+dióre, _worthy by reason of origin_, 1950; dat. sg. äfter deórum men, 1880;
+gen. sg. deórre duguðe, 488; superl. acc. sg. aldorþegn þone deórestan,
+1310.
+
+deór-lîc, adj., _bold, brave_: acc. sg. deórlîce dæd, 585. See deór.
+
+disc, st. m., _disc, plate, flat dish_: nom. acc. pl. discas, 2776, 3049.
+
+ge-dîgan. See ge-dýgan.
+
+dol-gilp, st. m., _mad boast, foolish pride, vain-glory, thoughtless
+audacity_: dat. sg. for dolgilpe, 509.
+
+dol-lîc, adj., _audacious_: gen. pl. mæst ... dæda dollîcra, 2647.
+
+dol-sceaða, w. m., _bold enemy_: acc. sg. þone dol-scaðan (Grendel), 479.
+
+dôgor, st. m. n., _day_; 1) day as a period of 24 hours: gen. sg. ymb ântîd
+ôðres dôgores, _at the same time of the next day_, 219; morgen-leóht ôðres
+dôgores, _the morning-light of the second day_, 606.--2) day in the usual
+sense: acc. sg. n. þys dôgor, _during this day_, 1396; instr. þý dôgore,
+1798; forman dôgore, 2574; gen. pl. dôgora gehwâm, 88; dôgra gehwylce,
+1091; dôgera dägrim, _the number of his days_ (the days of his life),
+824.--3) _day_ in the wider sense of time: dat. pl. ufaran dôgrum, _in
+later days, times_, 2201, 2393.--Comp. ende-dôgor.
+
+dôgor-gerîm, st. n., _series of days_: gen. sg. wäs eall sceacen
+dôgor-gerîmes, _the whole number of his days_ (his life) _was past_, 2729.
+
+dôhtor, st. f., _daughter_: nom. acc. sg. dôhtor, 375, 1077, 1930, 1982,
+etc.
+
+dôm, st. m.: I., _condition, state in general_; in comp. cyne-,
+wis-dôm.--II., having reference to justice, hence: 1) _judgment, judicial
+opinion_: instr. sg. weotena dôme, _according to the judgment of the
+Witan_, 1099. 2) _custom_: äfter dôme, _according to custom_, 1721. 3)
+_court, tribunal_: gen. sg. miclan dômes, 979; ôð dômes däg, 3070, both
+times of the last judgment.--III., _condition of freedom_ or _superiority_,
+hence: 4) _choice, free will_: acc. sg. on sînne sylfes dôm, _according to
+his own choice_, 2148; instr. sg. selfes dôme, 896, 2777. 5) _might,
+power_: nom. sg. dôm godes, 2859; acc. sg. Eofores ânne dôm, 2965; dat. sg.
+drihtnes dôme, 441. 6) _glory, honor, renown_: nom. sg. [dôm], 955; dôm
+unlytel, _not a little glory_, 886; þät wäs forma sîð deórum mâðme þät his
+dôm âläg, _it was the first time to the dear treasure_ (the sword Hrunting)
+_that its fame was not made good_, 1529; acc. sg. ic me dôm gewyrce, _make
+renown for myself_, 1492; þät þu ne âlæte dôm gedreósan, _that thou let not
+honor fall_, 2667; dat. instr. sg. þær he dôme forleás, _here he lost his
+reputation_, 1471; dôme gewurðad, _adorned with glory_, 1646; gen. sg.
+wyrce se þe môte dômes, _let him make himself reputation, whoever is able_,
+1389. 7) _splendor_ (in heaven): acc. sôð-fästra dôm, _the glory of the
+saints_, 2821.
+
+dôm-leás, adj., _without reputation, inglorious_: acc. sg. f. dômleásan
+dæd, 2891.
+
+dôn, red. v., _to do, to make, to treat_: 1) absolutely: imp. dôð swâ ic
+bidde, _do as I beg_, 1232.--2) w. acc.: inf. hêt hire selfre sunu on bæl
+dôn, 1117; pret. þâ he him of dyde îsernbyrnan, _took off the iron
+corselet_, 672; (þonne) him Hûnlâfing, ... billa sêlest, on bearm dyde,
+_when he made a present to him of Hûnlâfing, the best of swords_, 1145;
+dyde him of healse hring gyldenne, _took off the gold ring from his neck_,
+2810; ne him þäs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde, eafoð and ellen, _nor did he
+reckon as anything the drake's fighting, power, and strength_, 2349; pl. hi
+on beorg dydon bêg and siglu, _placed in the (grave-) mound rings and
+ornaments_, 3165.--3) representing preceding verbs: inf. tô Geátum sprec
+mildum wordum! swâ sceal man dôn, _as one should do_, 1173; similarly,
+1535, 2167; pres. metod eallum weóld, swâ he nu git dêð, _the creator ruled
+over all, as he still does_, 1059; similarly, 2471, 2860, and (sg. for pl.)
+1135; pret. II. swâ þu ær dydest, 1677; III. swâ he nu gyt dyde, 957;
+similarly, 1382, 1892, 2522; pl. swâ hie oft ær dydon, 1239; similarly,
+3071. With the case also which the preceding verb governs: wên' ic þät he
+wille ... Geátena leóde etan unforhte, swâ he oft dyde mägen Hrêðmanna, _I
+believe he will wish to devour the Geát people, the fearless, as he often
+did_ (devoured) _the bloom of the Hrêðmen_, 444; gif ic þät gefricge ...
+þät þec ymbesittend egesan þýwað, swâ þec hetende hwîlum dydon, _that the
+neighbors distress thee as once the enemy did thee_ (i.e. distressed),
+1829; gif ic ôwihte mäg þînre môd-lufan mâran tilian þonne ic gyt dyde, _if
+I can with anything obtain thy greater love than I have yet done_, 1825;
+similarly, pl. þonne þâ dydon, 44.
+
+ge-dôn, _to do, to make_, with the acc. and predicate adj.: prs. (god)
+gedêð him swâ gewealdene worolde dælas, _makes the parts of the world_
+(i.e. the whole world) _so subject that ..._, 1733; inf. ne hyne on
+medo-bence micles wyrðne drihten wereda gedôn wolde, _nor would the leader
+of the people much honor him at the mead-banquet_, 2187. With adv.: he mec
+þær on innan ... gedôn wolde, _wished to place me in there_, 2091.
+
+draca, w. m., _drake, dragon_: nom. sg., 893, 2212; acc. sg. dracan, 2403,
+3132; gen. sg., 2089, 2291, 2550.--Comp.: eorð-, fýr-, lêg-, lîg-,
+nîð-draca.
+
+on-drædan, st. v., w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the pers., _to fear, to
+be afraid of_: inf. þät þu him on-drædan ne þearft ... aldorbealu, _needest
+not fear death for them_, 1675; pret. nô he him þâ säcce ondrêd, _was not
+afraid of the combat_, 2348.
+
+ge-dräg (from dragan, in the sense se gerere), st. n., _demeanor, actions_:
+acc. sg. sêcan deófla gedräg, 757.
+
+drepan, st. v., _to hit, to strike_: pret. sg. sweorde drep ferhð-genîðlan,
+2881; pret. part. bið on hreðre ... drepen biteran stræle, _struck in the
+breast with piercing arrow_, 1746; wäs in feorh dropen (_fatally hit_),
+2982.
+
+drepe, st. m., _blow, stroke_: acc. sg. drepe, 1590.
+
+drêfan, ge-drêfan, w. v., _to move, to agitate, to stir up_: inf. gewât ...
+drêfan deóp wäter (_to navigate_), 1905; pret. part. wäter under stôd
+dreórig and gedrêfed, 1418.
+
+dreám, st. m., _rejoicing, joyous actions, joy_: nom. sg. häleða dreám,
+497; acc. sg. dreám hlûdne, 88; þu ... dreám healdende, _thou who livest in
+rejoicing_ (at the drinking-carouse), _who art joyous_, 1228: dat. instr.
+sg. dreáme bedæled, 1276; gen. pl. dreáma leás, 851; dat. pl. dreámum (here
+adverbial) lifdon, _lived in rejoicing, joyously_, 99; dreámum bedæled,
+722; the last may refer also to heavenly joys.--Comp. gleó-, gum-, man-,
+sele-dreám.
+
+dreám-leás, adj., _without rejoicing, joyless_: nom. sg. of King Heremôd,
+1721.
+
+dreógan, st. v.: 1) _to lead a life, to be in a certain condition_: pret.
+dreáh äfter dôme, _lived in honor, honorably_, 2180; pret. pl. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, þät hie ær drugon aldorleáse lange hwile, _(God) had seen the great
+distress, (had seen) that they had lived long without a ruler_ (?), 15.--2)
+_to experience, to live through, to do, to make, to enjoy_: imp. dreóh
+symbelwynne, _pass through the pleasure of the meal, to enjoy the meal_,
+1783; inf. driht-scype dreógan (_do a heroic deed_), 1471; pret. sundnytte
+dreáh (_had the occupation of swimming_, i.e. swam through the sea), 2361;
+pret. pl. hie gewin drugon (_fought_), 799; hî sîð drugon, _made the way,
+went_, 1967.--3) _to experience, to bear, to suffer_: scealt werhðo
+dreógan, _shall suffer damnation_, 590; pret. þegn-sorge dreáh, _bore
+sorrow for his heroes_, 131; nearoþearfe dreáh, 422; pret. pl. inwidsorge
+þe hie ær drugon, 832; similarly, 1859.
+
+â-dreógan, _to suffer, to endure_: inf. wræc âdreógan, 3079.
+
+ge-dreógan, _to live through, to enjoy_, pret. part. þät he ... gedrogen
+häfde eorðan wynne, _that he had now enjoyed the pleasures of earth_ (i.e.
+that he was at his death), 2727.
+
+dreór, st. m., _blood dropping or flowing from wounds_: instr. sg. dreóre,
+447.--Comp. heoru-, sâwul-, wäl-dreór.
+
+dreór-fâh, adj., _colored with blood, spotted with blood_: nom. sg. 485.
+
+dreórig, adj., _bloody, bleeding_: nom. sg. wäter stôd dreórig, 1418; acc.
+sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, 2790.--Comp. heoru-dreórig.
+
+ge-dreósan, st. v., _to fall down, to sink_: pres. sg. III. lîc-homa læne
+gedreóseð, _the body, belonging to death, sinks down_, 1755; inf. þät þu ne
+âlæte dôm gedreósan, _honor fall, sink_, 2667.
+
+drincan, st. v., _to drink_ (with and without the acc.): pres. part. nom.
+pl. ealo drincende, 1946; pret. blôd êdrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743; pret. pl. druncon wîn weras, _the men drank wine_, 1234;
+þær guman druncon, _where the men drank_, 1649. The pret. part., when it
+stands absolutely, has an active sense: nom. pl. druncne dryhtguman, _ye
+warriors who have drunk, are drinking_, 1232; acc. pl. nealles druncne slôg
+heorð-geneátas, _slew not his hearth-companions who had drunk with him_,
+i.e. at the banquet, 2180. With the instr. it means _drunken_: nom. sg.
+beóre (wîne) druncen, 531, 1468; nom. pl. beóre druncne, 480.
+
+drîfan, st. v., _to drive_: pres. pl. þâ þe brentingas ofer flôda genipu
+feorran drîfað, _who drive their ships thither from afar over the darkness
+of the sea_, 2809; inf. (w. acc.) þeáh þe he [ne] meahte on mere drîfan
+hringedstefnan, _although he could not drive the ship on the sea_, 1131.
+
+to-drîfan, _to drive apart, to disperse_: pret. ôð þät unc flôd tôdrâf,
+545.
+
+drohtoð, st. m., _mode of living_ or _acting, calling, employment_: nom.
+sg. ne wäs his drohtoð þær swylce he ær gemêtte, _there was no employment
+for him_ (Grendel) _there such as he had found formerly_, 757.
+
+drusian, w. v. (cf. dreósan, properly, _to be ready to fall_; here of
+water), _to stagnate, to be putrid_. pret. lagu drusade (through the blood
+of Grendel and his mother), 1631.
+
+dryht, driht, st. f., _company, troop, band of warriors; noble band_: in
+comp. mago-driht.
+
+ge-dryht, ge-driht, st. f., _troop, band of noble warriors_: nom. sg. mînra
+eorla gedryht, 431; acc. sg. äðelinga gedriht, 118; mid his eorla (häleða)
+gedriht (gedryht), 357, 663; similarly, 634, 1673.--Comp. sibbe-gedriht.
+
+dryht-bearn, st. n., _youth from a noble warrior band, noble young man_:
+nom. sg. dryhtbearn Dena, 2036.
+
+dryhten, drihten, st. m., _commander, lord_: a) _temporal lord_: nom. sg.
+dryhten, 1485, 2001, etc.; drihten, 1051; dat. dryhtne, 2483, etc.;
+dryhten, 1832.--b) _God_: nom. drihten, 108, etc.; dryhten, 687, etc.; dat.
+sg. dryhtne, 1693, etc.; drihtne, 1399, etc.; gen. sg. dryhtnes, 441;
+drihtnes, 941.--Comp.: freá-, freó-, gum-, man-, sige-, wine-dryhten.
+
+dryht-guma, w. m., _one of a troop of warriors, noble warrior_: dat. sg.
+drihtguman, 1389; nom. pl. drihtguman, 99; dryhtguman, 1232; dat. pl. ofer
+dryhtgumum, 1791 (of Hrôðgâr's warriors).
+
+dryht-lîc, adj., _(that which befits a noble troop of warriors), noble,
+excellent_: dryhtlîc îren, _excellent sword_, 893; acc. sg. f. (with an
+acc. sg. n.) drihtlîce wîf (of Hildeburh), 1159.
+
+dryht-mâðum, st. m., _excellent jewel, splendid treasure_: gen. pl.
+dryhtmâðma, 2844.
+
+dryht-scipe, st. m., _(lord-ship) warlike virtue, bravery; heroic deed_:
+acc. sg. drihtscype dreógan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1471.
+
+dryht-sele, st. m., _excellent, splendid hall_: nom. sg. driht-sele, 485;
+dryhtsele, 768; acc. sg. dryhtsele, 2321.
+
+dryht-sib, st. f., _peace_ or _friendship between troops of noble
+warriors_: gen. sg. dryhtsibbe, 2069.
+
+drync, st. m., _drink_: in comp. heoru-drync.
+
+drync-fät, st. n., _vessel for drink, to receive the drink_: acc. sg.,
+2255; drinc-fät, 2307.
+
+drysmian, w. v., _to become obscure, gloomy_ (through the falling rain):
+pres. sg. III. lyft drysmað, 1376.
+
+drysne, adj. See on-drysne.
+
+dugan, v., _to avail, to be capable, to be good_: pres. sg. III. hûru se
+aldor deáh, _especially is the prince capable_, 369; ðonne his ellen deáh,
+_if his strength avails, is good_, 573; þe him selfa deáh, _who is capable
+of himself, who can rely on himself_, 1840; pres. subj. þeáh þîn wit duge,
+_though, indeed, your understanding be good, avail_, 590; similarly, 1661,
+2032; pret. sg. þu ûs wel dohtest, _you did us good, conducted yourself
+well towards us_, 1822; similarly, nu seó hand ligeð se þe eów welhwylcra
+wilna dohte, _which was helpful to each one of your desires_, 1345; pret.
+subj. þeáh þu heaðoræsa gehwær dohte, _though thou wast everywhere strong
+in battle_, 526.
+
+duguð (_state of being fit, capable_), st. f.: 1) _capability, strength_:
+dat. pl. for dugeðum, _in ability_(?), 2502; duguðum dêmdon, _praised with
+all their might_(?), 3176.--2) _men capable of bearing arms, band of
+warriors_, esp., _noble warriors_: nom. sg. duguð unlytel, 498; duguð,
+1791, 2255; dat. sg. for duguðe, _before the heroes_, 2021; nalles frätwe
+geaf ealdor duguðe, _gave the band of heroes no treasure_ (more), 2921;
+leóda duguðe on lâst, _upon the track of the heroes of the people_, i.e.
+after them, 2946; gen. sg. cûðe he duguðe þeáw, _the custom of the noble
+warriors_, 359; deórre duguðe, 488; similarly, 2239, 2659; acc. pl. duguða,
+2036.--3) contrasted with geogoð, duguð designates the noted warriors of
+noble birth (as in the Middle Ages, knights in contrast with squires): so
+gen. sg. duguðe and geogoðe, 160; gehwylc ... duguðe and iogoðe, 1675;
+duguðe and geogoðe dæl æghwylcne, 622.
+
+durran, v. pret. and pres. _to dare_; prs. sg. II. þu dearst bîdan, _darest
+to await_, 527; III. he gesêcean dear, 685; pres. subj. sêc gyf þu dyrre,
+_seek_ (Grendel's mother), _if thou dare_, 1380; pret. dorste, 1463, 1469,
+etc.; pl. dorston, 2849.
+
+duru, st. f., _door, gate, wicket_: nom. sg., 722; acc. sg. [duru], 389.
+
+ge-dûfan, st. v., _to dip in, to sink into_: pret. þät sweord gedeáf (_the
+sword sank into the drake_, of a blow), 2701.
+
+þurh-dûfan, _to dive through; to swim through, diving_: pret. wäter up
+þurh-deáf, _swam through the water upwards_ (because he was before at the
+bottom), 1620.
+
+dwellan, w. v., _to mislead, to hinder_: prs. III. nô hine wiht dweleð, âdl
+ne yldo, _him nothing misleads, neither sickness nor age_, 1736.
+
+dyhtig, adj., _useful, good for_: nom. sg. n. sweord ... ecgum dyhtig,
+1288.
+
+dynnan, w. v., _to sound, to groan, to roar_: pret. dryhtsele (healwudu,
+hruse) dynede, 768, 1318, 2559.
+
+dyrne, adj.: 1) _concealed, secret, retired_: nom. sg. dyrne, 271; acc. sg.
+dryhtsele dyrnne (of the drake's cave-hall), 2321.--2) _secret, malicious,
+hidden by sorcery_: dat. instr. sg. dyrnan cräfte, _with secret magic art_,
+2291; dyrnum cräfte, 2169; gen. pl. dyrnra gâsta, _of malicious spirits_
+(of Grendel's kin), 1358.--Comp. un-dyrne.
+
+dyrne, adv., _in secret, secretly_: him ...äfter deórum men dyrne langað,
+_longs in secret for the dear man_, 1880.
+
+dyrstig, adj., _bold, daring_: þeáh þe he dæda gehwäs dyrstig wære,
+_although he had been courageous for every deed_, 2839.
+
+ge-dýgan, ge-dîgan, w. v., _to endure, to overcome_, with the acc. of the
+thing endured: pres. sg. II. gif þu þät ellenweorc aldre gedîgest, _if thou
+survivest the heroic work with thy life_, 662; III. þät þone hilderæs hâl
+gedîgeð, _that he survives the battle in safety_, 300; similarly, inf.
+unfæge gedîgan weán and wräcsîð, 2293; hwäðer sêl mæge wunde gedýgan,
+_which of the two can stand the wounds better_ (come off with life), 2532;
+ne meahte unbyrnende deóp gedýgan, _could not endure the deep without
+burning_ (could not hold out in the deep), 2550; pret. sg. I. III.
+ge-dîgde, 578, 1656, 2351, 2544.
+
+dýgol. See deógol.
+
+dýre. See deóre.
+
+
+E
+
+ecg, st. f., _edge of the sword, point_: nom. sg. sweordes ecg, 1107; ecg,
+1525, etc.; acc. sg. wið ord and wið ecge ingang forstôd, _defended the
+entrance against point and edge_ (i.e. against spear and sword), 1550;
+mêces ecge, 1813; nom. pl. ecge, 1146.--_Sword, battle-axe, any cutting
+weapon_: nom. sg. ne wäs ecg bona (_not the sword killed him_), 2507; sió
+ecg brûn (Beówulf's sword Nägling), 2578; hyne ecg fornam, _the sword
+snatched him away_, 2773, etc.; nom. pl. ecga, 2829; dat. pl. äscum and
+ecgum, 1773; dat. pl. (but denoting only one sword) eácnum ecgum, 2141;
+gen. pl. ecga, 483, 806, 1169;--_blade_: ecg wäs îren, 1460.--Comp.: brûn-,
+heard-, stýl-ecg, adj.
+
+ecg-bana, w. m., _murderer by the sword_: dat. sg. Cain wearð tô ecg-banan
+ângan brêðer, 1263.
+
+ecg-hete, st. m., _sword-hate, enmity which the sword carries out_: nom.
+sg., 84, 1739.
+
+ecg-þracu, st. f., _sword-storm_ (of violent combat): acc. atole ecg-þräce,
+597.
+
+ed-hwyrft, st. m., _return_ (of a former condition): þâ þær sôna wearð
+edhwyrft eorlum, siððan inne fealh Grendles môdor (i.e. after Grendel's
+mother had penetrated into the hall, the former perilous condition, of the
+time of the visits of Grendel, returned to the men), 1282.
+
+ed-wendan, w. v., _to turn back, to yield, to leave off_: inf. gyf him
+edwendan æfre scolde bealuwa bisigu, _if for him the affliction of evil
+should ever cease_, 280.
+
+ed-wenden, st. f., _turning, change_: nom. sg. edwenden, 1775; ed-wenden
+torna gehwylces (_reparation for former neglect_), 2189.
+
+edwît-lîf, st. n., _life in disgrace_: nom. sg., 2892.
+
+efn, adj., _even, like_, with preceding on, and with depend. dat., _upon
+the same level, near_: him on efn ligeð ealdorgewinna, _lies near him_,
+2904.
+
+efnan (see äfnan) w. v., _to carry out, to perform, to accomplish_: pres.
+subj. eorlscype efne (_accomplish knightly deeds_), 2536; inf. eorlscipe
+efnan, 2623; sweorda gelâc efnan (_to battle_), 1042; gerund. tô efnanne,
+1942; pret. eorlscipe efnde, 2134, 3008.
+
+efne, adv., _even, exactly, precisely, just_, united with swâ or swylc:
+efne swâ swîðe swâ, _just so much as_, 1093; efne swâ sîde swâ, 1224; wäs
+se gryre lässa efne swâ micle swâ, _by so much the less as ..._, 1284;
+leóht inne stôd efne swâ ... scîneð, _a gleam stood therein_ (in the sword)
+_just as when ... shines_, 1572; efne swâ hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende
+(_a woman who has borne such a son_), 944; efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him
+gemet þûhte, _to just such a man as seemed good to him_, 3058; efne swylce
+mæla swylce ... þearf gesælde, _just at the times at which necessity
+commanded it_, 1250.
+
+eft, adv.: l) _thereupon, afterwards_: 56, 1147, 2112, 3047, etc.; eft sôna
+bið, _then it happens immediately_, 1763; bôt eft cuman, _help come again_,
+281.--2) _again, on the other side_: þät hine on ylde eft gewunigen
+wilgesîðas, _that in old age again_ (also on their side) _willing
+companions should be attached to him_, 22;--_anew, again_: 135, 604, 693,
+1557, etc.; eft swâ ær, _again as formerly_, 643.--3) retro, rursus,
+_back_: 123, 296, 854, etc.; þät hig äðelinges eft ne wêndon (_did not
+believe that he would come back_), 1597.
+
+eft-cyme, st. m., _return_: gen. sg. eftcymes, 2897.
+
+eft-sîð, st. m., _journey back, return_: acc. sg. 1892; gen. sg. eft-sîðes
+georn, 2784; acc. pl. eftsîðas teáh, _went the road back_, i.e. returned,
+1333.
+
+egesa, egsa (_state of terror_, active or passive): l) _frightfulness_:
+acc. sg. þurh egsan, 276; gen. egesan ne gýmeð, _cares for nothing
+terrible, is not troubled about future terrors_(?), 1758.--2) _terror,
+horror, fear_: nom. sg. egesa, 785; instr. sg. egesan, 1828, 2737.--Comp.:
+glêd-, lîg-, wäter-egesa.
+
+eges-full, adj., _horrible (full of fear, fearful)_, 2930.
+
+eges-lîc, adj., _terrible, bringing terror_: of Grendel's head, 1650; of
+the beginning of the fight with the drake, 2310; of the drake, 2826.
+
+egle, adj., _causing aversion, hideous_: nom. pl. neut., or, more probably,
+perhaps, adverbial, egle (MS. egl), 988.
+
+egsian (denominative from egesa), w. v., _to have terror, distress_: pret.
+(as pluperf.) egsode eorl(?), 6.
+
+ehtian, w. v., _to esteem, to make prominent with praise_: III. pl. pres.
+þät þe ... weras ehtigað, _that thee men shall esteem, praise_, 1223.
+
+elde (_those who generate_, cf. O.N. al-a, generare), st. m. only in the
+pl., _men_: dat. pl. eldum, 2215; mid eldum, _among men_, 2612.--See ylde.
+
+eldo, st. f., _age_: instr. sg. eldo gebunden, 2112.
+
+el-land, st. n., _foreign land, exile_: acc. sg. sceall ... elland tredan,
+(_shall be banished_), 3020.
+
+ellen, st. n., _strength, heroic strength, bravery_: nom. sg. ellen, 573;
+eafoð and ellen, 903; Geáta ... eafoð and ellen, 603; acc. sg. eafoð and
+ellen, 2350; ellen cýðan, _show bravery_, 2696; ellen fremedon, _exercised
+heroic strength, did heroic deeds_, 3; similarly, ic gefremman sceal eorlîc
+ellen, 638; ferh ellen wräc, _life drove out the strength_, i.e. with the
+departing life (of the dragon) his strength left him, 2707; dat. sg. on
+elne, 2507, 2817; as instr. þâ wäs ät þam geongum grim andswaru êðbegête
+þâm þe ær his elne forleás, _then it was easy for_ (every one of) _those
+who before had lost his hero-courage, to obtain rough words from the young
+man_ (Wîglâf), 2862; mid elne, 1494, 2536; elne, alone, in adverbial sense,
+_strongly, zealously_, and with the nearly related meaning, _hurriedly,
+transiently_, 894, 1098, 1968, 2677, 2918; gen. sg. elnes lät, 1530; þâ him
+wäs elnes þearf, 2877.--Comp. mägen-ellen.
+
+ellen-dæd, st. f., _heroic deed_: dat. pl. -dædum, 877, 901.
+
+ellen-gæst, st. m., _strength-spirit, demon with heroic strength_: nom. sg.
+of Grendel, 86.
+
+ellen-lîce, adv., _strongly, with heroic strength_, 2123.
+
+ellen-mærðu, st. f., _renown of heroic strength_, dat. pl. -mærðum, 829,
+1472.
+
+ellen-rôf, adj., _renowned for strength_: nom. sg. 340, 358, 3064; dat. pl.
+-rôfum, 1788.
+
+ellen-seóc, adj., _infirm in strength_: acc. sg. þeóden ellensiócne (_the
+mortally wounded king, Beówulf_), 2788.
+
+ellen-weorc, st. n., (_strength-work_), _heroic deed, achievement in
+battle_: acc. sg. 662, 959, 1465, etc.; gen. pl. ellen-weorca, 2400.
+
+elles, adv., _else, otherwise_: a (modal), _in another manner_, 2521.--b
+(local), elles hwær, _somewhere else_, 138; elles hwergen, 2591.
+
+ellor, adv., _to some other place_, 55, 2255.
+
+ellor-gâst, -gæst, st. m., _spirit living elsewhere_ (standing outside of
+the community of mankind): nom. sg. se ellorgâst (Grendel), 808; (Grendel's
+mother), 1622; ellorgæst (Grendel's mother), 1618; acc. pl. ellorgæstas,
+1350.
+
+ellor-sîð, st. m., _departure, death_: nom. sg. 2452.
+
+elra, adj. (comparative of a not existing form, ele, Goth. aljis, alius),
+_another_: dat. sg. on elran men, 753.
+
+el-þeódig, adj., _of another people: foreign_: acc. pl. el-þeódige men,
+336.
+
+ende, st. m., _the extreme_: hence, 1) _end_: nom. sg. aldres (lîfes) ende,
+823, 2845; ôð þät ende becwom (scil. unrihtes), 1255; acc. sg. ende
+lîfgesceafta (lîfes, læn-daga), 3064, 1387, 2343; häfde eorðscrafa ende
+genyttod, _had used the end of the earth-caves_ (had made use of the caves
+for the last time), 3047; dat. sg. ealdres (lîfes) ät ende, 2791, 2824;
+eoletes ät ende, 224.--2) _boundary_: acc. sg. sîde rîce þät he his selfa
+ne mäg ... ende geþencean, _the wide realm, so that he himself cannot
+comprehend its boundaries_, 1735.--3) _summit, head_: dat. sg. eorlum on
+ende, _to the nobles at the end_ (the highest courtiers), 2022.--Comp.
+woruld-ende.
+
+ende-däg, st. m., _last day, day of death_: nom. sg. 3036; acc. sg. 638.
+
+ende-dôgor, st. m., _last day, day of death_: gen. sg. bega on wênum
+endedôgores and eftcymes leótes monnes (_hesitating between the belief in
+the death and in the return of the dear man_), 2897.
+
+ende-lâf, st. f., _last remnant_: nom. sg. þu eart ende-lâf ûsses cynnes,
+_art the last of our race_, 2814.
+
+ende-leán, st. n., _final reparation_: acc. sg. 1693.
+
+ende-sæta, w. m., _he who sits on the border, boundary-guard_: nom. sg.
+(here of the strand-watchman), 241.
+
+ende-stäf, st. m. (elementum finis), _end_: acc. sg. hit on endestäf eft
+gelimpeð, _then it draws near to the end_, 1754.
+
+ge-endian, w. v., _to end_: pret. part. ge-endod, 2312.
+
+enge, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. enge ânpaðas, _narrow paths_, 1411.
+
+ent, st. m., _giant_: gen. pl. enta ær-geweorc (the sword-hilt out of the
+dwelling-place of Grendel), 1680; enta geweorc (the dragon's cave), 2718;
+eald-enta ær-geweorc (the costly things in the dragon's cave), 2775.
+
+entisc, adj., _coming from giants_: acc. sg. entiscne helm, 2980.
+
+etan, st. v., _to eat, to consume_: pres. sg. III. blôdig wäl ... eteð
+ân-genga, _he that goes alone_ (Grendel) _will devour the bloody corpse_,
+448; inf. Geátena leóde ... etan, 444.
+
+þurh-etan, _to eat through_: pret. part. pl. nom. swyrd ... þurhetone,
+_swords eaten through_ (by rust), 3050.
+
+
+Ê
+
+êc. See eác.
+
+êce, adj., _everlasting_; nom. êce drihten (God), 108; acc. sg. êce
+eorðreced, _the everlasting earth-hall_ (the dragon's cave), 2720; geceás
+êcne ræd, _chose the everlasting gain_ (died), 1202; dat. sg. êcean
+dryhtne, 1693, 1780, 2331; acc. pl. geceós êce rædas, 1761.
+
+êdre. See ædre.
+
+êð-begête, adj., _easy to obtain, ready_: nom. sg. þâ wäs ät þam geongum
+grim andswaru êð-begête, _then from the young man_ (Wîglâf) _it was an easy
+thing to get a gruff answer_, 2862.
+
+êðe. See eáðe.
+
+êðel, st. m., _hereditary possessions, hereditary estate_: acc. sg. swæsne
+êðel, 520; dat. sg. on êðle, 1731.--In royal families the hereditary
+possession is the whole realm: hence, acc. sg. êðel Scyldinga, _of the
+kingdom of the Scyldings_, 914; (Offa) wîsdôme heóld êðel sînne, _ruled
+with wisdom his inherited kingdom_, 1961.
+
+êðel-riht, st. n., _hereditary privileges_ (rights that belong to a
+hereditary estate): nom. sg. eard êðel-riht, _estate and inherited
+privileges_, 2199.
+
+êðel-stôl, st. m., _hereditary seat, inherited throne_: acc. pl.
+êðel-stôlas, 2372.
+
+êðel-turf, st. f., _inherited ground, hereditary estate_: dat. sg. on mînre
+êðeltyrf, 410.
+
+êðel-weard, st. m., _lord of the hereditary estate_ (realm): nom. sg.
+êðelweard (_king_), 1703, 2211; dat. sg. Eást-Dena êðel wearde (King
+Hrôðgâr), 617.
+
+êðel-wyn, st. f., _joy in_, or _enjoyment of, hereditary possessions_: nom.
+sg. nu sceal ... eall êðelwyn eówrum cynne, lufen âlicgean, _now shall your
+race want all home-joy, and subsistence_(?) (your race shall be banished
+from its hereditary abode), 2886; acc. sg. he me lond forgeaf, eard
+êðelwyn, _presented me with land, abode, and the enjoyment of home_, 2494.
+
+êð-gesýne, ýð-gesêne, adj., _easy to see, visible to all_: nom. sg. 1111,
+1245.
+
+êfstan, w. v., _to be in haste, to hasten_: inf. uton nu êfstan, _let us
+hurry now_, 3102; pret. êfste mid elne, _hastened with heroic strength_,
+1494.
+
+êg-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer êg-clif (ecg-clif, MS.), 2894.
+
+êg-streám, st. m., _sea-stream, sea-flood_: dat. pl. on êg-streámum, _in
+the sea-floods_, 577. See eágor-streám.
+
+êhtan (M.H.G. æchten; cf. æht and ge-æhtla), w. v. w. gen., _to be a
+pursuer, to pursue_: pres. part. äglæca êhtende wäs duguðe and geogoðe,
+159; pret. pl. êhton aglæcan, _they pursued the bringer of sorrow_
+(Beówulf)(?), 1513.
+
+êst, st. m. f., _favor, grace, kindness_: acc. sg. he him êst geteáh meara
+and mâðma (_honored him with horses and jewels_), 2166; gearwor häfde
+âgendes êst ær gesceáwod, _would rather have seen the grace of the Lord_
+(of God) _sooner_, 3076.--dat. pl., adverbial, libenter: him on folce
+heóld, êstum mid âre, 2379; êstum geýwan (_to present_), 2150; him wäs ...
+wunden gold êstum geeáwed (_presented_), 1195; we þät ellenweorc êstum
+miclum fremedon, 959.
+
+êste, adj., _gracious_: w. gen. êste bearn-gebyrdo, _gracious through the
+birth_ (of such a son as Beówulf), 946.
+
+
+EA
+
+eafoð, st. n., _power, strength_: nom, sg. eafoð and ellen, 603, 903; acc.
+sg. eafoð and ellen, 2350; we frêcne genêðdon eafoð uncûðes, _we have
+boldly ventured against the strength of the enemy_ (Grendel) _have
+withstood him_, 961; gen. sg. eafoðes cräftig, 1467; þät þec âdl oððe ecg
+eafoðes getwæfed, _shall rob of strength_, 1764; acc. pl. eafeðo (MS.
+earfeðo) [This reading cancelled. See note to l. 534--KTH], 534; dat. pl.
+hine mihtig god ... eafeðum stêpte, _made him great through strength_,
+1718. See Note for l. 534.
+
+eafor, st. m., _boar_; here the image of the boar as banner: acc. sg.
+eafor, 2153.
+
+eafora (_offspring_), w. m.: 1) _son_: nom. sg. eafera, 12, 898; eafora,
+375; acc. sg. eaferan, 1548, 1848; gen. sg. eafera, 19; nom. pl. eaferan,
+2476; dat. pl. eaferum, 1069, 2471; uncran eaferan, 1186.--2) in broader
+sense, _successor_: dat. pl. eaforum, 1711.
+
+eahta, num., _eight_: acc. pl. eahta mearas, 1036; eode eahta sum, _went as
+one of eight, with seven others_, 3124.
+
+eahtian, w. v.: 1) _to consider; to deliberate_: pret. pl. w. acc. ræd
+eahtedon, _consulted about help_, 172; pret. sg. (for the plural) þone
+sêlestan þâra þe mid Hrôðgâre hâm eahtode, _the best one of those who with
+Hrôðgâr deliberated about their home_ (ruled), 1408.--2) _to speak with
+reflection of_ (along with the idea of praise): pret. pl. eahtodan
+eorlscipe, _spoke of his noble character_, 3175.
+
+eal, eall, adj., _all, whole_: nom. sg. werod eall, 652; pl. eal bencþelu,
+486; sg. eall êðelwyn, 2886; eal worold, 1739, etc.; þät hit wearð eal
+gearo, healärna mæst, 77; þät hit (wîgbil) eal gemealt, 1609. And with a
+following genitive: þær wäs eal geador Grendles grâpe, _there was all
+together Grendel's hand, the whole hand of Grendel_, 836; eall ... lissa,
+_all favor_, 2150; wäs eall sceacen dôgorgerîmes, 2728. With apposition:
+þûhte him eall tô rûm, wongas and wîcstede, 2462; acc. sg. beót eal, 523;
+similarly, 2018, 2081; oncýððe ealle, _all distress_, 831; heals ealne,
+2692; hlæw ... ealne ûtan-weardne, 2298; gif he þät eal gemon, 1186, 2428;
+þät eall geondseh, recedes geatwa, 3089; ealne wîde-ferhð, _through the
+whole wide life, through all time_, 1223; instr. sg. ealle mägene, _with
+all strength_, 2668; dat. sg. eallum ... manna cynne, 914; gen. sg. ealles
+moncynnes, 1956. Subst. ic þäs ealles mäg ... gefeán habban, 2740; brûc
+ealles well, 2163; freán ealles þanc secge, _give thanks to the Lord of
+all_, 2795; nom. pl. untydras ealle, 111; sceótend ... ealle, 706; we
+ealle, 942; acc. pl. feónd ealle, 700; similarly, 1081, 1797, 2815; subst.
+ofer ealle, 650; ealle hie deáð fornam, 2237; lîg ealle forswealg þâra þe
+þær gûð fornam, _all of those whom the war had snatched away_, 1123; dat.
+pl. eallum ceaster-bûendum, 768; similarly, 824, 907, 1418; subst. âna wið
+eallum, _one against all_, 145; with gen. eallum gumena cynnes, 1058; gen.
+pl. äðelinga bearn ealra twelfa, _the kinsmen of all twelve nobles_ (twelve
+nobles hold the highest positions of the court), 3172; subst. he âh ealra
+geweald, _has power over all_, 1728.
+
+Uninflected: bil eal þurhwôd flæschoman, _the battle-axe cleft the body
+through and through_, 1568; häfde ... eal gefeormod fêt and folma, _had
+devoured entirely feet and hands_, 745; se þe eall geman gâr-cwealm gumena,
+_who remembers thoroughly the death of the men by the spear_, 2043, etc.
+
+Adverbial: þeáh ic eal mæge, _although I am entirely able_, 681; hî on
+beorg dydon bêg and siglu eall swylce hyrsta, _they placed in the
+grave-mound rings, and ornaments, all such adornments_, 3165.--The gen. sg.
+ealles, adverbial in the sense of _entirely_, 1001, 1130.
+
+eald, adj., _old_: a) of the age of living beings: nom. sg. eald, 357,
+1703, 2211, etc.; dat. sg. ealdum, 2973; gen. sg. ealdes uhtflogan
+(_dragon_), 2761; dat. sg. ealdum, 1875; geongum and ealdum, 72.--b) of
+things and of institutions: nom. sg. helm monig eald and ômig, 2764; acc.
+sg. ealde lâfe (_sword_), 796, 1489; ealde wîsan, 1866; eald sweord, 1559,
+1664, etc.; eald gewin, _old_ (lasting years), _distress_, 1782; eald enta
+geweorc (_the precious things in the drake's cave_), 2775; acc. pl. ealde
+mâðmas, 472; ofer ealde riht, _against the old laws_ (namely, the Ten
+Commandments; Beówulf believes that God has sent him the drake as a
+punishment, because he has unconsciously, at some time, violated one of the
+commandments), 2331.
+
+yldra, compar. _older_: mîn yldra mæg, 468; yldra brôðor, 1325; ôð þät he
+(Heardrêd) yldra wearð, 2379.
+
+yldesta, superl. _oldest_, in the usual sense; dat. sg. þam yldestan, 2436;
+in a moral sense, _the most respected_: nom. sg. se yldesta, 258; acc. sg.
+þone yldestan, 363, both times of Beówulf.
+
+eald-fäder, st. m., _old-father, grandfather, ancestor_: nom. sg. 373.
+
+eald-gesegen, st. f., _traditions from old times_: gen. pl. eal-fela
+eald-gesegena, _very many of the old traditions_, 870.
+
+eald-gesîð, st. m., _companion ever since old times, courtier for many
+years_: nom. pl. eald-gesîðas, 854.
+
+eald-gestreón, st. n., _treasure out of the old times_: dat. pl.
+eald-gestreónum, 1382; gen. pl. -gestreóna, 1459.
+
+eald-gewinna, w. m., _old-enemy, enemy for many years_: nom. sg. of
+Grendel, 1777.
+
+eald-gewyrht, st. n., _merit on account of services rendered during many
+years_: nom. pl. þät næron eald-gewyrht, þät he âna scyle gnorn þrowian,
+_that has not been his desert ever since long ago, that he should bear the
+distress alone_, 2658.
+
+eald-hlâford, st. m., _lord through many years_: gen. sg. bill
+eald-hlâfordes (of the old Beówulf(?)), 2779.
+
+eald-metod, st. m., _God ruling ever since ancient times_: nom. sg. 946.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. m., _lord, chief_ (king or powerful noble): nom. sg.
+ealdor, 1645, 1849, 2921; aldor, 56, 369, 392; acc. sg. aldor, 669; dat.
+sg. ealdre, 593; aldre, 346.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. aldor, 1372; dat. sg. aldre, 1448,
+1525; ealdre, 2600; him on aldre stôd herestræl hearda (in vitalibus),
+1435; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not troubled about his life_, 1443; of
+ealdre gewât, _went out of life, died_, 2625; as instr. aldre, 662, 681,
+etc.; ealdre, 1656, 2134, etc.; gen. sg. aldres, 823; ealdres, 2791, 2444;
+aldres orwêna, _despairing of life_, 1003, 1566; ealdres scyldig, _having
+forfeited life_, 1339, 2062; dat. pl. aldrum nêðdon, 510, 538.--Phrases: on
+aldre (_in life_), _ever_, 1780; tô aldre (_for life_), _always_, 2006,
+2499; âwa tô aldre, _for ever and ever_, 956.
+
+ealdor-bealu, st. n., _life's evil_: acc. sg. þu ... ondrædan ne þearft ...
+aldorbealu eorlum, _thou needest not fear death for the courtiers_, 1677.
+
+ealdor-cearu, st. f., _trouble that endangers life, great trouble_: dat.
+sg. he his leódum wearð ... tô aldor-ceare, 907.
+
+ealdor-dagas, st. m. pl., _days of one's life_: dat. pl. næfre on
+aldor-dagum (_never in his life_), 719; on ealder-dagum ær (_in former
+days_), 758.
+
+ealdor-gedâl, st. n., _severing of life, death, end_: nom. sg. aldor-gedâl,
+806.
+
+ealdor-gewinna, w. m., _life-enemy, one who strives to take his enemy's
+life_ (in N.H.G. the contrary conception, Tod-feind): nom. sg.
+ealdorgewinna (_the dragon_), 2904.
+
+ealdor-leás, adj., _without a ruler_(?): nom. pl. aldor-leáse, 15.
+
+ealdor-leás, adj., _lifeless, dead_: acc. sg. aldor-leásne, 1588;
+ealdor-leásne, 3004.
+
+ealdor-þegn, st. m., _nobleman at the court, distinguished courtier_: acc.
+sg. aldor-þegn (Hrôðgâr's confidential adviser, Äschere), 1309.
+
+eal-fela, adj., _very much_: with following gen., eal-fela eald-gesegena,
+_very many old traditions_, 870; eal-fela eotena cynnes, 884.
+
+ealgian, w. v., _to shield, to defend, to protect_: inf. w. acc. feorh
+ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; pret. siððan he (Hygelâc) under segne sinc
+eal-gode, wälreáf werede, _while under his banner he protected the
+treasures, defended the spoil of battle_ (i.e. while he was upon the Viking
+expeditions), 1205.
+
+eal-gylden, adj., _all golden, entirely of gold_: nom. sg. swýn ealgylden,
+1112; acc. sg. segn eallgylden, 2768.
+
+eal-îrenne, adj., _entirely of iron_: acc. sg. eall-îrenne wîgbord, _a
+wholly iron battle-shield_, 2339.
+
+ealu, st. n., _ale, beer_: acc. sg. ealo drincende, 1946.
+
+ealu-benc, st. f., _ale-bench, bench for those drinking ale_: dat. sg. in
+ealo-bence, 1030; on ealu-bence, 2868.
+
+ealu-scerwen, st. f., _terror_, under the figure of a mishap at an
+ale-drinking, probably the sudden taking away of the ale: nom. sg. Denum
+eallum wearð ... ealuscerwen, 770.
+
+ealu-wæge, st. n., _ale-can, portable vessel out of which ale is poured
+into the cups_: acc. sg. 2022; hroden ealowæge, 495; dat. sg. ofer ealowæge
+(_at the ale-carouse_), 481.
+
+eal-wealda, w. adj., _all ruling_ (God): nom. sg. fäder alwalda, 316;
+alwalda, 956, 1315; dat. sg. al-wealdan, 929.
+
+eard, st. m., _cultivated ground, estate, hereditary estate_; in a broader
+sense, _ground in general, abode, place of sojourn_: nom. sg. him wäs bâm
+... lond gecynde, eard êðel-riht, _the land was bequeathed to them both,
+the land and the privileges attached to it._ 2199; acc. sg. fîfel-cynnes
+eard, _the ground of the giant race, place of sojourn_, 104; similarly,
+älwihta eard, 1501; eard gemunde, _thought of his native ground, his home_,
+1130; eard git ne const, _thou knowest not yet the place of sojourn._ 1378;
+eard and eorlscipe, _prædium et nobilitatem_, 1728; eard êðelwyn, _land and
+the enjoyment of home_, 2494; dat. sg. ellor hwearf of earde, _went
+elsewhere from his place of abode_, i.e. died, 56; þät we rondas beren eft
+tô earde, _that we go again to our homes_, 2655; on earde, 2737; nom. pl.
+eácne eardas, _the broad expanses_ (in the fen-sea where Grendel's home
+was), 1622.
+
+eardian, w. v.: 1) _to have a dwelling-place, to live; to rest_: pret. pl.
+dýre swyrd swâ hie wið eorðan fäðm þær eardodon, _costly swords, as they
+had rested in the earth's bosom_, 3051.--2) also transitively, _to
+inhabit_: pret. sg. Heorot eardode, 166; inf. wîc eardian elles hwergen,
+_inhabit a place elsewhere_ (i.e. die), 2590.
+
+eard-lufa, w. m., _the living upon one's land, home-life_: acc. sg.
+eard-lufan, 693.
+
+earfoð-lîce, adv., _with trouble, with difficulty_, 1637, 1658; _with
+vexation, angrily_, 86; _sorrowfully_, 2823; _with difficulty, scarcely_,
+2304, 2935.
+
+earfoð-þrag, st. f., _time full of troubles, sorrowful time_: acc. sg.
+-þrage, 283.
+
+earh, adj., _cowardly_: gen. sg. ne bið swylc earges sîð (_no coward
+undertaken that_), 2542.
+
+earm, st. m., _arm_: acc. sg. earm, 836, 973; wið earm gesät, _supported
+himself with his arm_, 750; dat. pl. earmum, 513.
+
+earm, adj., _poor, miserable, unhappy_: nom. sg. earm, 2369; earme ides,
+_the unhappy woman_, 1118; dat. sg. earmre teohhe, _the unhappy band_,
+2939.--Comp. acc. sg. earmran mannan, _a more wretched, more forsaken man_,
+577.
+
+earm-beág, st. m., _arm-ring, bracelet_: gen. pl. earm-beága fela searwum
+gesæled, _many arm-rings interlaced_, 2764.
+
+earm-hreád, st. f., _arm-ornament_. nom. pl. earm-hreáde twâ, 1195 (Grein's
+conjecture, MS. earm reade).
+
+earm-lîc, adj., _wretched, miserable_: nom. sg. sceolde his ealdor-gedâl
+earmlîc wurðan, _his end should be wretched_, 808.
+
+earm-sceapen, pret. part. as adj. (_properly, wretched by the decree of
+fate_), _wretched_: nom. sg. 1352.
+
+earn, st. m., _eagle_: dat. sg. earne, 3027.
+
+eatol. See atol.
+
+eaxl, st. f., _shoulder_: acc. sg. eaxle, 836, 973; dat. sg. on eaxle, 817,
+1548; be eaxle, 1538; on eaxle ides gnornode, _the woman sobbed on the
+shoulder_ (of her son, who has fallen and is being burnt), 1118; dat. pl.
+sät freán eaxlum neáh, _sat near the shoulders of his lord_ (Beówulf lies
+lifeless upon the earth, and Wîglâf sits by his side, near his shoulder, so
+as to sprinkle the face of his dead lord), 2854; he for eaxlum gestôd
+Deniga freán, _he stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes_
+(i.e. not directly before him, but somewhat to the side, as etiquette
+demanded), 358.
+
+eaxl-gestealla, w. m., _he who has his position at the shoulder_ (sc. of
+his lord), _trusty courtier, counsellor of a prince_: nom. sg. 1327; acc.
+pl. -gesteallan, 1715.
+
+
+EÁ
+
+eác, conj., _also_: 97, 388, 433, etc.; êc, 3132.
+
+eácen (pret. part. of a not existing eacan, augere), adj., _wide-spread_,
+_large_: nom. pl. eácne eardas, _broad plains_, 1622.--_great, heavy_: eald
+sweord eácen, 1664; dat. pl. eácnum ecgum, 2141, both times of the great
+sword in Grendel's habitation.--_great, mighty, powerful_: äðele and eácen,
+of Beówulf, 198.
+
+eácen-cräftig, adj., _immense_ (of riches), _enormously great_: acc. sg.
+hord-ärna sum eácen-cräftig, _that enormous treasure-house_, 2281; nom. sg.
+þät yrfe eácen-cräftig, iúmonna gold, 3052.
+
+eádig, adj., _blessed with possessions, rich, happy by reason of property_:
+nom. sg. wes, þenden þu lifige, äðeling eádig, _be, as long as thou livest,
+a prince blessed with riches_, 1226; eádig mon, 2471.--Comp. sige-, sigor-,
+tîr-eádig.
+
+eádig-lîce, adv., _in abundance, in joyous plenty_: dreámum lifdon
+eádiglîce, _lived in rejoicing and plenty_, 100.
+
+eáðe, êðe, ýðe, adj., _easy, pleasant_: nom. pl. gode þancedon þäs þe him
+ýð-lâde eáðe wurdon, _thanked God that the sea-ways_ (the navigation) _had
+become easy to them_, 228; ne wäs þät êðe sîð, _no pleasant way_, 2587; näs
+þät ýðe ceáp, _no easy purchase_, 2416; nô þät ýðe byð tô befleónne, _not
+easy_ (as milder expression for _in no way, not at all_), 1003.
+
+eáðe, ýðe, adv., _easily_. eáðe, 478, 2292, 2765.
+
+eáð-fynde, adj., _easy to find_: nom. sg. 138.
+
+eáge, w. n., _eye_: dat. pl. him of eágum stôd leóht unfäger, _out of his
+eyes came a terrible gleam_, 727; þät ic ... eágum starige, _see with eyes,
+behold_, 1782; similarly, 1936; gen. pl. eágena bearhtm, 1767.
+
+eágor-streám, st. m., _sea-stream sea_: acc. sg. 513.
+
+eá-land, st. n., _land surrounded by water_ (of the land of the Geátas):
+acc. sg. eá-lond, 2335; _island_.
+
+eám, st. m., _uncle, mothers brother_: nom. sg. 882.
+
+eástan, adv., _from the east_, 569.
+
+eáwan, w. v., _to disclose, to show, to prove_: pres. sg. III. eáweð ...
+uncûðne nîð, _shows evil enmity_, 276. See eówan, ýwan.
+
+ge-eáwan, _to show, to offer_: pret. part. him wäs ... wunden gold êstum
+ge-eáwed, _was graciously presented_, 1195.
+
+
+EO
+
+eode. See gangan.
+
+eodor, st. m., _fence, hedge, railing_. Among the old Germans, an estate
+was separated by a fence from the property of others. Inside of this fence
+the laws of peace and protection held good, as well as in the house itself.
+Hence eodor is sometimes used instead of _house_: acc. pl. hêht eahta
+mearas on flet teón, in under eoderas, _gave orders to lead eight steeds
+into the hall, into the house_, 1038.--2) figuratively, _lord, prince_, as
+protector: nom. sg. eodor, 428, 1045; eodur, 664.
+
+eofoð, st. n., _strength_: acc. pl. eofoðo, 2535. See eafoð.
+
+eofer, st. m.: 1) _boar_, here of the metal boar-image upon the helmet:
+nom. sg. eofer îrenheard, 1113.--2) figuratively, _bold hero, brave
+fighter_ (O.N. iöfur): nom. pl. þonne ... eoferas cnysedan, _when the
+heroes rushed upon each other_, 1329, where eoferas and fêðan stand in the
+same relation to each other as cnysedan and hniton.
+
+eofor-lîc, st. n. _boar-image_ (on the helmet): nom. pl. eofor-lîc scionon,
+303.
+
+eofor-spreót, st. m., _boar-spear_: dat. pl. mid eofer-spreótum
+heóro-hôcyhtum, _with hunting-spears which were provided with sharp hooks_,
+1438.
+
+eoguð, ioguð. See geogoð.
+
+eolet, st. m. n., _sea_(?): gen. sg. eoletes, 224.
+
+eorclan-stân, st. m., _precious stone_: acc. pl. -stânas, 1209.
+
+eorð-cyning, st. m., _king of the land_: gen. sg. eorð-cyninges (Finn),
+1156.
+
+eorð-draca, w. m., _earth-drake, dragon that lives in the earth_: nom. sg.
+2713, 2826.
+
+eorðe, w. f.: 1) _earth_ (in contrast with heaven), _world_: acc. sg.
+älmihtiga eorðan worhte, 92; wîde geond eorðan, _far over the earth,
+through the wide world_, 266; dat. sg. ofer eorðan, 248, 803; on eorðan,
+1823, 2856, 3139; gen. sg. eorðan, 753.--2) _earth, ground_: acc. sg. he
+eorðan gefeóll, _fell to the ground_, 2835; forlêton eorla gestreón eorðan
+healdan, _let the earth hold the nobles' treasure_, 3168; dat. sg. þät hit
+on eorðan läg, 1533; under eorðan, 2416; gen. sg. wið eorðan fäðm (_in the
+bosom of the earth_), 3050.
+
+eorð-reced, st. n., _hall in the earth, rock-hall_: acc. sg. 2720.
+
+eorð-scräf, st. n., _earth-cavern, cave_: dat. sg. eorð-[scräfe], 2233;
+gen. pl. eorð-scräfe, 3047.
+
+eorð-sele, st. m., _hall in the earth, cave_: acc. sg. eorð-sele, 2411; dat
+sg. of eorðsele, 2516.
+
+eorð-weall, st. m., _earth-wall_: acc. sg. (Ongenþeów) beáh eft under
+eorðweall, _fled again under the earth-wall_ (into his fortified camp),
+2958; þâ me wäs ... sîð âlýfed inn under eorðweall, _then the way in, under
+the earth-wall was opened to me_ (into the dragon's cave), 3091.
+
+eorð-weard, st. m., _land-property, estate_: acc. sg. 2335.
+
+eorl, st. m., _noble born man, a man of the high nobility_: nom. sg. 762,
+796, 1229, etc.; acc. sg. eorl, 573, 628, 2696; gen. sg. eorles, 690, 983,
+1758, etc.; acc. pl. eorlas, 2817; dat. pl. eorlum, 770, 1282, 1650, etc.;
+gen. pl. eorla, 248, 357, 369, etc.--Since the king himself is from the
+stock of the eorlas, he is also called eorl, 6, 2952.
+
+eorl-gestreón, st. n., _wealth of the nobles_: gen. pl. eorl-gestreóna ...
+hardfyrdne dæl, 2245.
+
+eorl-gewæde, st. n., _knightly dress, armor_: dat. pl. -gewædum, 1443.
+
+eorlîc (i.e. eorl-lîc), adj., _what it becomes a noble born man to do,
+chivalrous_: acc. sg. eorlîc ellen, 638.
+
+eorl-scipe, st. m., _condition of being noble born, chivalrous nature,
+nobility_: acc. sg. eorl-scipe, 1728, 3175; eorl-scipe efnan, _to do
+chivalrous deeds_, 2134, 2536, 2623, 3008.
+
+eorl-weorod, st. n., _followers of nobles_: nom. sg. 2894.
+
+eormen-cyn, st. n., _very extensive race, mankind_: gen. sg. eormen-cynnes,
+1958.
+
+eormen-grund, st. m., _immensely wide plains, the whole broad earth_: acc.
+sg. ofer eormen-grund, 860.
+
+eormen-lâf, st. f., _enormous legacy_: acc. sg. eormen-lâfe äðelan cynnes
+(_the treasures of the dragon's cave_) 2235.
+
+eorre, adj., _angry, enraged_: gen. sg. eorres, 1448.
+
+eoton, st. m.: 1) _giant_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel), 762; dat. sg.
+uninflected, eoton (Grendel), 669; nom. pl. eotenas, 112.--2) Eotens,
+subjects of Finn, the N. Frisians: 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. pl. 1146. See
+List of Names, p. 114.
+
+eotonisc, adj., _gigantic, coming from giants_: acc. sg. eald sweord
+eotenisc (eotonisc), 1559, 2980, (etonisc, MS.) 2617.
+
+
+EÓ
+
+eóred-geatwe, st. f. pl., _warlike adornments_: acc. pl., 2867.
+
+eówan, w. v., _to show, to be seen_: pres. sg. III. ne gesacu ôhwær,
+ecghete eóweð, _nowhere shows itself strife, sword-hate_, 1739. See eáwan,
+ýwan.
+
+eówer: 1) gen. pl. pers. pron., vestrum: eówer sum, _that one of you_
+(namely, Beówulf), 248; fæhðe eówer leóde, _the enmity of the people of
+you_ (of your people), 597; nis þät eówer sîð ... nefne mîn ânes, 2533.--2)
+poss. pron., _your_, 251, 257, 294, etc.
+
+
+F
+
+ge-fandian, -fondian, w. v., _to try, to search for, to find out, to
+experience_: w. gen. pret. part. þät häfde gumena sum goldes gefandod,
+_that a man had discovered the gold_, 2302; þonne se ân hafað þurh deâðes
+nýd dæda gefondad, _now the one_ (Herebeald) _has with death's pang
+experienced the deeds_ (the unhappy bow-shot of Hæðcyn), 2455.
+
+fara, w. m., _farer, traveller_: in comp. mere-fara.
+
+faran, st. v., _to move from one place to another, to go, to wander_: inf.
+tô hâm faran, _to go home_, 124; lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas, _let
+the fallow horses go in emulation_, 865; cwom faran flotherge on Fresna
+land, _had come to Friesland with a fleet_, 2916; com leóda dugoðe on lâst
+faran, _came to go upon the track of the heroes of his people_, i.e. to
+follow them, 2946; gerund wæron äðelingas eft tô leódum fûse tô farenne,
+_the nobles were ready to go again to their people_, 1806; pret. sg. gegnum
+fôr [þâ] ofer myrcan môr, _there had_ (Grendel's mother) _gone away over
+the dark fen_, 1405; sægenga fôr, _the seafarer_ (the ship) _drove along_,
+1909; (wyrm) mid bæle fôr, (the dragon) _fled away with fire_, 2309; pret.
+pl. þät ... scawan scîrhame tô scipe fôron, _that the visitors in
+glittering attire betook themselves to the ship_, 1896.
+
+gefaran, _to proceed, to act_: inf. hû se mânsceaða under færgripum gefaran
+wolde, _how he would act in his sudden attacks_, 739.
+
+ût faran, _to go out_: w. acc. lêt of breóstum ... word ût faran, _let
+words go out of his breast, uttered words_, 2552.
+
+faroð, st. m., _stream, flood of the sea_: dat. sg. tô brimes faroðe, 28;
+äfter faroðe, _with the stream_, 580; ät faroðe, 1917.
+
+faru, st. f., _way, passage, expedition_: in comp. âd-faru.
+
+fâcen-stäf (elementum nequitiae), st. m., _wickedness, treachery, deceit_.
+acc. pl. fâcen-stafas, 1019.
+
+fâh, fâg, adj., _many-colored, variegated, of varying color_ (especially
+said of the color of gold, of bronze, and of blood, in which the beams of
+light are refracted): nom. sg. fâh (_covered with blood_), 420; blôde fâh,
+935; âtertânum fâh (sc. îren) [This is the MS reading; emmended to
+âterteárum in text--KTH], 1460; sadol searwum fâh (_saddle artistically
+ornamented with gold_), 1039; sweord swâte fâh, 1287; brim blôde fâh, 1595;
+wäldreóre fâg, 1632; (draca) fýrwylmum fâh (_because he spewed flame_),
+2672; sweord fâh and fäted, 2702; blôde fâh, 2975; acc. sg. dreóre fâhne,
+447; goldsele fättum fâhne, 717; on fâgne flôr treddode, _trod the shining
+floor_ (of Heorot), 726; hrôf golde fâhne, _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; nom. pl. eoforlîc ... fâh and fýr-beard, 305; acc. pl. þâ hilt since
+fâge, 1616; dat. pl. fâgum sweordum, 586.--Comp. bân-, blôd-, brûn-,
+dreór-, gold-, gryre-, searo-, sinc-, stân-, swât-, wäl-, wyrm-fâh.
+
+fâh, fâg, fâ, adj.: 1) _hostile_: nom. sg. fâh feónd-scaða, 554; he wäs fâg
+wið god (Grendel), 812; acc. sg. fâne (_the dragon_), 2656; gen. pl. fâra,
+578, 1464.--2) _liable to pursuit, without peace, outlawed_: nom. sg. fâg,
+1264; mâne fâh, _outlawed through crime_, 979; fyren-dædum fâg,
+1002.--Comp. nearo-fâh.
+
+fâmig-heals, adj., _with foaming neck_: nom. sg. flota fâmig-heals, 218;
+(sægenga) fâmig-heals, 1910.
+
+fäc, st. n., _period of time_: acc. sg. lytel fäc, _during a short time_,
+2241.
+
+fäder, st. m., _father_: nom. sg. fäder, 55, 262, 459, 2609; of God, 1610;
+fäder alwalda, 316; acc. sg. fäder, 1356; dat. sg. fäder, 2430; gen. sg.
+fäder, 21, 1480; of God, 188--Comp.: ær, eald-fäder.
+
+fädera, w. m., _father's brother_ in comp. suhter-gefäderan.
+
+fäder-äðelo, st. n. pl., _paternus principatus_ (?): dat. pl. fäder-äðelum,
+912.
+
+fäderen-mæg, st. m., _kinsman descended from the same father,
+co-descendant_: dat. sg. fäderen-mæge, 1264.
+
+fäðm, st. m.: 1) _the outspread, encircling arms_: instr. pl. feóndes
+fäð[mum], 2129.--2) _embrace, encircling_: nom. sg. lîges fäðm, 782; acc.
+sg. in fýres fäðm, 185.--3) _bosom, lap_: acc. sg. on foldan fäðm, 1394;
+wið eorðan fäðm, 3050; dat. pl. tô fäder (God's) fäðmum, 188.--4) _power,
+property_: acc. in Francna fäðm, 1211.--Cf. sîd-fäðmed, sîð-fäðme.
+
+fäðmian, w. v., _to embrace, to take up into itself_: pres. subj. þät minne
+lîchaman ... glêd fäðmie, 2653; inf. lêton flôd fäðmian frätwa hyrde, 3134.
+
+ge-fäg, adj., _agreeable, desirable_ (Old Eng., fawe, _willingly_): comp.
+ge-fägra, 916.
+
+fägen, adj., _glad, joyous_: nom. pl. ferhðum fägne, _the glad at heart_,
+1634.
+
+fäger, adj., _beautiful, lovely_: nom. sg. fäger fold-bold, 774; fäger
+foldan bearm, 1138; acc. sg. freoðoburh fägere, 522; nom. pl. þær him
+fold-wegas fägere þûhton, 867.--Comp. un-fäger.
+
+fägere, fägre, adv., _beautifully, well, becomingly, according to
+etiquette_: fägere geþægon medoful manig, 1015; þâ wäs flet-sittendum
+fägere gereorded, _becomingly the repast was served_, 1789; Higelâc ongan
+... fägre fricgean, 1986; similarly, 2990.
+
+fär, st. n., _craft, ship_: nom. sg., 33.
+
+fäst, adj., _bound, fast_: nom. sg. bið se slæp tô fäst, 1743; acc. sg.
+freóndscipe fästne, 2070; fäste frioðuwære, 1097.--The prep. on stands to
+denote the where or wherein: wäs tô fäst on þâm (sc. on fæhðe and fyrene),
+137; on ancre fäst, 303. Or, oftener, the dative: feónd-grâpum fäst,
+_(held) fast in his antagonist's clutch_, 637; fýrbendum fäst, _fast in the
+forged hinges_, 723; handa fäst, 1291, etc.; hygebendum fäst (beorn him
+langað), _fast (shut) in the bonds of his bosom, the man longs for_ (i.e.
+in secret), 1879.--Comp: âr-, blæd-, gin-, sôð-, tîr-, wîs-fäst.
+
+fäste, adv., _fäst_ 554, 761, 774, 789, 1296.--Comp. fästor, 143.
+
+be-fästan, w. v., _to give over_: inf. hêt Hildeburh hire selfre sunu
+sweoloðe befästan, _to give over to the flames her own son_, 1116.
+
+fästen, st. n., _fortified place, or place difficult of access_: acc. sg.
+leóda fästen, _the fastness of the Geátas_ (with ref. to 2327), 2334;
+fästen (Ongenþeów's castle or fort), 2951; fästen (Grendel's house in the
+fen-sea), 104.
+
+fäst-ræd, adj., _firmly resolved_: acc. sg. fäst-rædne geþôht, _firm
+determination_, 611.
+
+fät, st. m., _way, journey_: in comp. sîð-fät.
+
+fät, st. n., _vessel; vase, cup_: acc. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, _the
+(drinking-) vessels of men of old times_, 2762.--Comp.: bân-, drync-,
+mâððum-, sinc-, wundor-fät.
+
+fät, st. n. (?), _plate, sheet of metal_, especially _gold plate_ (Dietrich
+Hpt. Ztschr. XI. 420): dat. pl. gold sele ... fättum fâhne, _shining with
+gold plates_ (the walls and the inner part of the roof were partly covered
+with gold), 717; sceal se hearda helm hyrsted golde fätum befeallen (sc.
+wesan), _the gold ornaments shall fall away from it_, 2257.
+
+fäted, fätt, part., _ornamented with gold beaten into plate-form_: gen. sg.
+fättan goldes, 1094, 2247; instr. sg. fättan golde, 2103. Elsewhere,
+_covered, ornamented with gold plate_: nom. sg. sweord ... fäted, 2702;
+acc. sg. fäted wæge, 2254, 2283; acc. pl. fätte scyldas, 333; fätte beágas,
+1751. [fæted, etc.]
+
+fäted-hleór, adj., phaleratus gena (Dietr.): acc. pl. eahta mearas
+fäted-hleóre (_eight horses with bridles covered with plates of gold_),
+1037.
+
+fät-gold, st. n., _gold in sheets_ or _plates_: acc. sg., 1922.
+
+fæge, adj.: 1) _forfeited to death, allotted to death by fate_: nom. sg.
+fæge, 1756, 2142, 2976; fæge and ge-flýmed, 847; fûs and fæge, 1242; acc.
+sg. fægne flæsc-homan, 1569; dat. sg. fægum, 2078; gen. sg. fæges,
+1528.--2) _dead_: dat. pl. ofer fægum (_over the warriors fallen in the
+battle_), 3026.--Comp.: deáð-, un-fæge.
+
+fæhð (_state of hostility_, see fâh), st. f., _hostile act, feud, battle_:
+nom. sg. fæhð, 2404, 3062; acc. sg. fæhðe, 153, 459, 470, 596, 1334, etc.;
+also of the unhappy bowshot of the Hrêðling, Hæðcyn, by which he killed his
+brother, 2466; dat. sg. fore fæhðe and fyrene, 137; nalas for fæhðe mearn
+(_did not recoil from the combat_), 1538; gen. sg, ne gefeah he þære fæhðe,
+109; gen. pl. fæhða gemyndig, 2690.--Comp. wäl-fæhð.
+
+fæhðo, st. f., same as above: nom. sg. sió fæhðo, 3000; acc. fæhðo, 2490.
+
+fælsian, w. v., _to bring into a good condition, to cleanse_: inf. þät ic
+môte ... Heorot fælsian (from the plague of Grendel), 432; pret. Hrôðgâres
+... sele fælsode, 2353.
+
+ge-fælsian, w. v., same as above: pret. part. häfde gefælsod ... sele
+Hrôðgâres, 826; Heorot is gefælsod, 1177; wæron ýð-gebland eal gefælsod,
+1621.
+
+fæmne, w. f., _virgin, recens nupta_: dat. sg. fæmnan, 2035; gen. sg.
+fæmnan, 2060, both times of Hrôðgâr's daughter Freáware.
+
+fær, st. m., _sudden, unexpected attack_: nom. sg. (attack upon Hnäf's band
+by Finn's), 1069, 2231.
+
+fær-gripe, st. m., _sudden, treacherous gripe, attack_: nom. sg. fær-gripe
+flôdes, 1517; dat. pl. under færgripum, 739.
+
+fær-gryre, st. m., _fright caused by a sudden attack_: dat. pl. wið
+fær-gryrum (against the inroads of Grendel into Heorot), 174.
+
+færinga, adv., _suddenly, unexpectedly_, 1415, 1989.
+
+fær-nîð, st. m., _hostility with sudden attacks_: gen. pl. hwät me Grendel
+hafað ... færnîða gefremed, 476.
+
+feðer-gearwe, st. f. pl. _(feather-equipment), the feathers of the shaft of
+the arrow_: dat. (instr.) pl. sceft feðer-gearwum fûs, 3120.
+
+fel, st. n., _skin, hide_: dat. pl. glôf ... gegyrwed dracan fellum, _made
+of the skins of dragons_, 2089.
+
+fela, I., adj. indecl., _much, many_: as subst.: acc. sg. fela fricgende,
+2107. With worn placed before: hwät þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spræce,
+_how very much you spoke about Breca_, 530.--With gen. sg.: acc. sg. fela
+fyrene, 810; wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426; worna fela sorge, 2004; tô fela micles
+... Denigea leóde, _too much of the race of the Danes_, 695; uncûðes fela,
+877; fela lâðes, 930; fela leófes and lâðes, 1061.--With gen. pl.: nom. sg.
+fela mâdma, 36; fela þæra wera and wîfa, 993, etc.; acc. sg. fela missera,
+153; fela fyrena, 164; ofer landa fela, 311; mâððum-sigla fela (falo, MS.),
+2758; ne me swôr fela âða on unriht, _swore no false oaths_, 2739, etc.;
+worn fela mâðma, 1784; worna fela gûða, 2543.--Comp. eal-fela.
+
+II., adverbial, _very_, 1386, 2103, 2951.
+
+fela-hrôr, adj., valde agitatus, _very active against the enemy, very
+warlike_, 27.
+
+fela-môdig, adj., _very courageous_: gen. pl. -môdigra, 1638, 1889.
+
+fela-synnig, adj., _very criminal, very guilty_: acc. sg. fela-sinnigne
+secg (in MS., on account of the alliteration, changed to simple sinnigne),
+1380.
+
+feólan, st. v., _to betake one's self into a place, to conceal one's self_:
+pret. siððan inne fealh Grendles môdor (in Heorot), 1282; þær inne fealh
+secg syn-bysig (in the dragon's cave), 2227.--_to fall into, undergo,
+endure_: searonîðas fealh, 1201.
+
+ät-feólan, w. dat., insistere, adhærere: pret. nô ic him þäs georne ätfealh
+_(held him not fast enough_, 969.
+
+fen, st. n., _fen, moor_: acc. sg. fen, 104; dat. sg. tô fenne, 1296;
+fenne, 2010.
+
+fen-freoðo, st. f., _refuge in the fen_: dat. sg. in fen-freoðo, 852.
+
+feng, st. m., _gripe, embrace_: nom. sg. fýres feng, 1765; acc. sg. fâra
+feng (of the hostile sea-monsters), 578.--Comp. inwit-feng.
+
+fengel (probably _he who takes possession_, cf. tô fôn, 1756, and fôn tô
+rîce, _to enter upon the government_), st. m., _lord, prince, king_: nom.
+sg. wîsa fengel, 1401; snottra fengel, 1476, 2157; hringa fengel, 2346.
+
+fen-ge-lâd, st. n., _fen-paths, fen with paths_: acc. pl. frêcne fengelâd
+(_fens difficult of access_), 1360.
+
+fen-hlið, st. n., _marshy precipice_: acc. pl. under fen-hleoðu, 821.
+
+fen-hop, st. n., _refuge in the fen_: acc. pl. on fen-hopu, 765.
+
+ferh, st. m. n., _life_; see feorh.
+
+ferh, st. m., _hog, boar_, here of the boar-image on the helmet: nom. sg.,
+305.
+
+ferhð, st. m., _heart, soul_: dat. sg. on ferhðe, 755, 949, 1719; gehwylc
+hiora his ferhðe treówde, þät ..., _each of them trusted to his_
+(Hûnferð's) _heart, that_ ..., 1167; gen. sg. ferhðes fore-þanc, 1061; dat.
+pl. (adverbial) ferhðum fägne, _happy at heart_, 1634; þät mon ... ferhðum
+freóge, _that one ... heartily love_, 3178.--Comp.: collen-, sarig-,
+swift-, wide-ferhð.
+
+ferhð-frec, adj., _having good courage, bold, brave_: acc. sg. ferhð-frecan
+Fin, 1147.
+
+ferhð-genîðla, w. m., _mortal enemy_: acc. sg. ferhð-genîðlan, of the
+drake, 2882.
+
+ferian, w. v. w. acc., _to bear, to bring, to conduct_: pres. II. pl.
+hwanon ferigeað fätte scyldas, 333; pret. pl. tô scypum feredon eal
+ingesteald eorðcyninges, 1155; similarly, feredon, 1159, 3114.
+
+ät-ferian, _to carry away, to bear off_: pret. ic þät hilt þanan feóndum
+ätferede, 1669.
+
+ge-ferian, _bear, to bring, to lead_: pres. subj. I. pl. þonne (we)
+geferian freán ûserne, 3108; inf. geferian ... Grendles heáfod, 1639; pret.
+þät hi ût geferedon dýre mâðmas, 3131; pret. part. her syndon geferede
+feorran cumene ... Geáta leóde, _men of the Geátas, come from afar, have
+been brought hither_ (by ship), 361.
+
+ôð-ferian, _to tear away, to take away_: pret. sg. I. unsôfte þonan feorh
+ôð-ferede, 2142.
+
+of-ferian, _to carry off, to take away, to tear away_: pret. ôðer swylc ût
+offerede, _took away another such_ (sc. fifteen), 1584.
+
+fetel-hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_, with the gold chains fastened to it: acc.
+(sg. or pl.?), 1564. (See "Leitfaden f. nord. Altertumskunde," pp.45, 46.)
+
+fetian, w. v., _to bring near, bring_: pres. subj. nâh hwâ ... fe[tige]
+fäted wæge, _bring the gold-chased tankard_, 2254; pret. part. hraðe wäs tô
+bûre Beówulf fetod, 1311.
+
+ge-fetian, _to bring_: inf. hêt þâ eorla hleó in gefetian Hrêðles lâfe,
+_caused Hrêðel's sword to be brought_, 2191.
+
+â-fêdan, w. v., _to nourish, to bring up_: pret. part. þær he âfêded wäs,
+694.
+
+fêða (O.H.G. fendo), w. m.: 1) _foot-soldiers_: nom. pl. fêðan, 1328,
+2545.--2) collective in sing., _band of foot-soldiers, troop of warriors_:
+nom. fêða eal gesät, 1425; dat. on fêðan, 2498, 2920.--Comp. gum-fêða.
+
+fêðe, st. n., _gait, going, pace_: dat. sg. wäs tô foremihtig feónd on
+fêðe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (i.e. could flee too fast), 971.
+
+fêðe-cempa, w. m., _foot-soldier_: nom. sg., 1545, 2854.
+
+fêðe-gäst, st. m., _guest coming on foot_: dat. pl. fêðe-gestum, 1977.
+
+fêðe-lâst, st. m., _signs of going, footprint_: dat. pl. fêrdon forð þonon
+fêðe-lâstum, _went forth from there upon their trail_, i.e. by the same way
+that they had gone, 1633.
+
+fêðe-wîg, st. m., _battle on foot_: gen. sg. nealles Hetware hrêmge þorfton
+(sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.
+
+fêl (= feól), st. f. _file_: gen. pl. fêla lâfe, _what the files have left
+behind_ (that is, the swords), 1033.
+
+fêran, w. v., iter (A.S. fôr) facere, _to come, to go, to travel_: pres.
+subj. II. pl. ær ge ... on land Dena furður fêran, _ere you go farther into
+the land of the Danes_, 254; inf. fêran on freán wære (_to die_), 27;
+gewiton him þâ fêran (_set out upon their way_), 301; mæl is me tô fêran,
+316; fêran ... gang sceáwigan, _go, so as to see the footprints_, 1391;
+wîde fêran, 2262; pret. fêrdon folctogan ... wundor sceáwian, _the princes
+came to see the wonder_, 840; fêrdon forð, 1633.
+
+ge-fêran: 1) adire, _to arrive at_: pres. subj. þonne eorl ende gefêre
+lîfgesceafta, _reach the end of life_, 3064; pret. part. häfde æghwäðer
+ende gefêred lænan lîfes, _frail life's end had both reached_, 2845.--2)
+_to reach, to accomplish, to bring about_: pret. hafast þu gefêred þät ...,
+1222, 1856.--3) _to behave one's self, to conduct one's self_: pret. frêcne
+gefêrdon, _had shown themselves daring_, 1692.
+
+feal, st. m., _fall_: in comp. wäl-feal.
+
+feallan, st. v., _to fall, to fall headlong_: inf. feallan, 1071; pret. sg.
+þät he on hrusan ne feól, _that it_ (the hall) _did not fall to the
+ground_, 773; similarly, feóll on foldan, 2976; feóll on fêðan (dat. sg.),
+_fell in the band_ (of his warriors), 2920; pret. pl. þonne walu feóllon,
+1043.
+
+be-feallen, pret. part. w. dat. or instr., _deprived of, robbed_: freóndum
+befeallen, _robbed of friends_, 1127; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum
+befeallen (sc. wesan), _be robbed of its gold mountings_ (the gold mounting
+will fall away from it moldering), 2257.
+
+ge-feallan, _to fall, to sink down_: pres. sg. III. þät se lîc-homa ...
+fæge gefealleð, _that the body doomed to die sinks down_, 1756.--Also, with
+the acc. of the place whither: pret. meregrund gefeóll, 2101; he eorðan
+gefeóll, 2835.
+
+fealu, adj., _fallow, dun-colored, tawny_: acc. sg. ofer fealone flôd
+(_over the sea_), 1951; fealwe stræte (with reference to 320), 917; acc.
+pl. lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas, 866.--Comp. äppel-fealo.
+
+feax, st. n., _hair, hair of the head_: dat. sg. wäs be feaxe on flet boren
+Grendles heáfod, _was carried by the hair into the hall_, 1648; him ...
+swât ... sprong forð under fexe, _the blood sprang out under the hair of
+his head_, 2968.--Comp.: blonden-, gamol-, wunden-feax.
+
+ge-feá, w. m., _joy_: acc. sg. þære fylle gefeán, _joy at the abundant
+repast_, 562; ic þäs ealles mäg ... gefeán habban (_can rejoice at all
+this_), 2741.
+
+feá, adj., _few_ dat. pl. nemne feáum ânum, _except some few_, 1082; gen.
+pl. feára sum, _as one of a few, with a few_, 1413; feára sumne, _one of a
+few (some few)_, 3062. With gen. following: acc. pl. feá worda cwäð, _spoke
+few words_, 2663, 2247.
+
+feá-sceaft, adj., _miserable, unhappy, helpless_: nom. sg. syððan ærest
+wearð feásceaft funden, 7; feásceaft guma (Grendel), 974; dat. sg.
+feásceaftum men, 2286; Eádgilse ... feásceaftum, 2394; nom. pl. feásceafte
+(the Geátas robbed of their king, Hygelâc), 2374.
+
+feoh, feó, st. n., (_properly cattle, herd_) here, _possessions, property,
+treasure_: instr. sg. ne wolde ... feorh-bealo feó þingian, _would not
+allay life's evil for treasure_ (tribute), 156; similarly, þâ fæhðe feó
+þingode, 470; ic þe þâ fæhðe feó leánige, 1381.
+
+ge-feohan, ge-feón, st. v. w. gen. and instr., _to enjoy one's self, to
+rejoice at something_: a) w. gen.: pret. sg. ne gefeah he þære fæhðe, 109;
+hilde gefeh, beado-weorces, 2299; pl. fylle gefægon, _enjoyed themselves at
+the bounteous repast_, 1015; þeódnes gefêgon, _rejoiced at_ (the return of)
+_the ruler_, 1628.--b) w. instr.: niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-mærðum, 828;
+secg weorce gefeh, 1570; sælâce gefeah, mägen-byrðenne þâra þe he him mid
+häfde, _rejoiced at the gift of the sea, and at the great burden of that_
+(Grendel's head and the sword-hilt) _which he had with him_, 1625.
+
+feoh-gift, -gyft, st. f., _bestowing of gifts_ or _treasures_: gen. sg.
+þære feoh-gyfte, 1026; dat. pl. ät feohgyftum, 1090; fromum feohgiftum,
+_with rich gifts_, 21.
+
+feoh-leás, adj., _that cannot be atoned for through gifts_: nom. sg. þät
+wäs feoh-leás gefeoht, _a deed of arms that cannot be expiated_ (the
+killing of his brother by Hæðcyn), 2442.
+
+ge-feoht, st. n., _combat; warlike deed_: nom. sg. (the killing of his
+brother by Hæðcyn), 2442; dat. sg. mêce þone þîn fader tô gefeohte bär,
+_the sword which thy father bore to the combat_, 2049.
+
+ge-feohtan, st. v., _to fight_: inf. w. acc. ne mehte ... wîg Hengeste wiht
+gefeohtan (_could by no means offer Hengest battle_), 1084.
+
+feohte, w. f., _combat_: acc. sg. feohtan, 576, 960. See were-fyhte.
+
+feor, adj., _far, remote_: nom. sg. nis þät feor heonon, 1362; näs him feor
+þanon tô gesêcanne sinces bryttan, 1922; acc. sg. feor eal (_all that is
+far, past_), 1702.
+
+feor, adv., _far, far away_: a) of space, 42, 109, 809, 1806, 1917; feor
+and (oððe) neáh, _far and (or) near_, 1222, 2871; feorr, 2267.--b) of time:
+ge feor hafað fæhðe gestæled (_has placed us under her enmity henceforth_),
+1341.
+
+Comparative, fyr, feorr, and feor: fyr and fästor, 143; fyr, 252; feorr,
+1989; feor, 542.
+
+feor-bûend, pt., _dwelling far away_: nom. pl. ge feor-bûend, 254.
+
+feor-cýð, st. f., _home of those living far away, distant land_: nom, pl.
+feor-cýððe beóð sêlran gesôhte þäm þe him selfa deáh, _foreign lands are
+better sought by him who trusts to his own ability_, 1839.
+
+feorh, ferh (Goth. fairhvu-s, _world_), st. m. and n., _life, principle of
+life, soul_: nom. sg. feorh, 2124; nô þon lange wäs feorh äðelinges flæsce
+bewunden, _not for much longer was the soul of the prince enveloped in the
+body_ (he was near death), 2425; ferh ellen wräc, _life expelled the
+strength_ (i.e. with the departing life the strength disappeared also),
+2707; acc. sg. feorh ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; feorh gehealdan, _preserve
+his life_, 2857; feorh âlegde, _gave up his life_, 852; similarly, ær he
+feorh seleð, 1371; feorh oðferede, _tore away her life_, 2142; ôð þät hie
+forlæddan tô þam lindplegan swæse gesîðas ond hyra sylfra feorh, _till in
+an evil hour they carried into battle their dear companions and their
+lives_ (i.e. led them to their death), 2041; gif þu þîn feorh hafast, 1850;
+ymb feorh sacan (_to fight for life_), 439; wäs in feorh dropen, _was
+wounded into his life_, i.e. mortally, 2982; wîdan feorh, as temporal acc.,
+_through a wide life_, i.e. always, 2015; dat. sg. feore, 1294, 1549; tô
+wîdan feore, _for a wide life_, i.e. at all times, 934; on swâ geongum
+feore (_at a so youthful age_), 1844; as instr., 578, 3014; gen. sg.
+feores, 1434, 1943; dat. pl. bûton ... feorum gumena, 73; freónda feorum,
+1307.--Also, _body, corpse_: þâ wäs heal hroden feónda feorum (_the hall
+was covered with the slain of the enemy_), 1153; gehwearf þâ in Francna
+fäðm feorh cyninges, _then the body of the king_ (Hygelâc) _fell into the
+power of the Franks_, 1211. --Comp. geogoð-feorh.
+
+feorh-bana, w. m., _(life-slayer), man-slayer, murderer_: dat. sg.
+feorh-bonan, 2466.
+
+feorh-ben, st. f., _wound that takes away life, mortal wound_: dat.
+(instr.) pl. feorh-bennum seóc, 2741.
+
+feorh-bealu, st. n., _evil destroying life, violent death_: nom. sg., 2078,
+2251, 2538; acc. sg., 156.
+
+feorh-cyn, st. n., _race of the living, mankind_: gen. pl. fela
+feorh-cynna, 2267.
+
+feorh-genîðla, w. m., _he who seeks life, life's enemy_ (N.H.G. Tod-feind),
+_mortal enemy_: acc. sg. -genîðlan, 1541; dat. sg. -genîðlan, 970; acc. sg.
+brægd feorh-genîðlan, 1541; acc. pl. folgode feorh-genîðlan, (Ongenþeów)
+_pursued his mortal enemies_, 2934.
+
+feorh-lagu, st. f., _the life allotted to anyone, life determined by fate_:
+acc. sg. on mâðma hord mine (mînne, MS.) bebohte frôde feorh-lege, _for the
+treasure-hoard I sold my old life_, 2801.
+
+feorh-lâst, st. m., _trace of (vanishing) life, sign of death _: acc. pl.
+feorh-lâstas bär, 847.
+
+feorh-seóc, adj., _mortally wounded_: nom. sg., 821.
+
+feorh-sweng, st. m., _(stroke robbing of life), fatal blow_: acc. sg.,
+2490.
+
+feorh-wund, st. f., _mortal wound, fatal injury_: acc. sg. feorh-wunde
+hleát, 2386.
+
+feorm, st. f., _subsistence, entertainment_: acc. sg. nô þu ymb mînes ne
+þearft lîces feorme leng sorgian, _thou needest no longer have care for the
+sustenance of my body_, 451.--2) _banquet_: dat. on feorme (or feorme,
+MS.), 2386.
+
+feormend-leás, adj., _wanting the. cleanser_: acc. pl. geseah ...
+fyrn-manna fatu feormend-leáse, 2762.
+
+feormian, w. v., _to clean, to cleanse, to polish_: pres. part. nom pl.
+feormiend swefað (feormynd, MS.), 2257.
+
+ge-feormian, w. v., _to feast, to eat_; pret. part. sôna häfde unlyfigendes
+eal gefeormod fêt and folma, 745.
+
+feorran, w. v., w. acc., _to remove_: inf. sibbe ne wolde wið manna hwone
+mägenes Deniga feorh-bealo feorran, feó þingian, (Grendel) _would not from
+friendship free any one of the men of the Danes of life's evil, nor allay
+it for tribute_, 156.
+
+feorran, adv., _from afar_: a) of space, 361, 430, 826, 1371, 1820, etc.;
+siððan äðelingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne, _when noble men afar
+learn of your flight_ (when the news of your flight reaches distant lands),
+2890; fêrdon folctogan feorran and neán, _from far and from near_, 840;
+similarly, neán and feorran þu nu [friðu] hafast, 1175; wäs þäs wyrmes wîg
+wîde gesýne ... neán and feorran, _visible from afar, far and near_,
+2318.--b) temporal: se þe cûðe frumsceaft fira feorran reccan (_since
+remote antiquity_), 91; similarly, feorran rehte, 2107.
+
+feorran-cund, adj., _foreign-born_: dat. sg. feorran-cundum, 1796.
+
+feor-weg, st. m., _far way_: dat. pl. mâdma fela of feorwegum, _many
+precious things from distant paths_ (from foreign lands), 37.
+
+ge-feón. See feohan.
+
+feónd, st. m., _enemy_: nom. sg., 164, 726, 749; feónd on helle (Grendel),
+101; acc. sg., 279, 1865, 2707; dat. sg. feónde, 143, 439; gen. sg.
+feóndes, 985, 2129, 2290; acc, pl. feónd, 699; dat. pl. feóndum, 420, 1670;
+gen. pl. feonda 294, 809, 904.
+
+feónd-grâp, st. f., _foe's clutch_: dat. (instr.) pl. feónd-grâpum fäst,
+637.
+
+feónd-sceaða, w. m., _one who is an enemy and a robber_: nom. sg. fâh
+feónd-scaða (_a hostile sea-monster_), 554.
+
+feónd-scipe, st. m., _hostility_: nom. sg., 3000.
+
+feówer, num., _four_: nom. feówer bearn, 59; feówer mearas, 2164; feówer,
+as substantive, 1638; acc. feówer mâðmas, 1028.
+
+feówer-tyne, num., _fourteen_: nom. with following gen. pl. feówertyne
+Geáta, 1642.
+
+findan, st. v., _to find, to invent, to attain_: a) with simple object in
+acc.: inf. þâra þe he cênoste findan mihte, 207; swylce hie at Finnes-hâm
+findan meahton sigla searo-gimma, 1157; similarly, 2871; mäg þær fela
+freónda findan, 1839; wolde guman findan, 2295; swâ hyt weorðlîcost
+fore-snotre men findan mihton, _so splendidly as only very wise men could
+devise it_, 3164; pret. sg. healþegnas fand, 720; word ôðer fand, _found
+other words_, i.e. went on to another narrative, 871; grimne gryrelîcne
+grund-hyrde fond, 2137; þät ic gôdne funde beága bryttan, 1487; pret. part.
+syððan ærest wearð feásceaft funden (_discovered_), 7.--b) with acc. and
+pred. adj.: pret. sg. dryhten sînne driórigne fand, 2790.--c) with acc. and
+inf.: pret. fand þâ þær inne äðelinga gedriht swefan, 118; fand wäccendne
+wer wîges bîdan, 1268; hord-wynne fond opene standan, 2271; ôð þät he
+fyrgen-beámas ... hleonian funde, 1416; pret. pl. fundon þâ sâwulleásne
+hlim-bed healdan, 3034.--d) with dependent clause: inf. nô þý ær feásceafte
+findan meahton ät þam äðelinge þät he Heardrêde hlâford wære (_could by no
+means obtain it from the prince_), 2374.
+
+on-findan, _to be sensible of, to perceive, to notice_: a) w. acc.: pret.
+sg. landweard onfand eftsîð eorla, _the coast-guard observed the return of
+the earls_, 1892; pret. part. þâ heó onfunden wäs (_was discovered_),
+1294.--b) w. depend, clause: pret. sg. þâ se gist onfand þät se beado-leóma
+bîtan nolde, _the stranger_ (Beówulf) _perceived that the sword would not
+cut_, 1523; sôna þät onfunde, þät ..., _immediately perceived that_...,
+751; similarly, 810, 1498.
+
+finger, st. m., _finger_: nom. pl. fingras, 761; acc. pl. fingras, 985;
+dat. (instr.) pl. fingrum, 1506; gen. pl. fingra, 765.
+
+firas, fyras (O.H.G. firahî, i.e. _the living_; cf. feorh), st. m., only in
+pl., _men_: gen. pl. fira, 91, 2742; monegum fira, 2002; fyra gehwylcne
+leóda mînra, 2251; fira fyrngeweorc, 2287.
+
+firen, fyren, st. f., _cunning waylaying, insidious hostility, malice,
+outrage_: nom. sg. fyren, 916; acc. sg. fyrene and fæhðe, 153; fæhðe and
+fyrene, 880, 2481; firen' ondrysne, 1933; dat. sg. fore fæhðe and fyrene,
+137; gen. pl. fyrena, 164, 629; and fyrene, 812; fyrena hyrde (of Grendel),
+751. The dat. pl., fyrenum, is used adverbially in the sense of
+_maliciously_, 1745, or _fallaciously_, with reference to Hæðcyn's killing
+Herebeald, which was done unintentionally, 2442.
+
+firen-dæd, st. f., _wicked deed_: acc. pl. fyren-dæda, 1670; instr. pl.
+fyren-dædum, 1002; both times of Grendel and his mother, with reference to
+their nocturnal inroads.
+
+firen-þearf, st. f., _misery through the malignity of enemies_: acc. sg.
+fyren-þearfe, 14.
+
+firgen-beám, st. m., _tree of a mountain-forest_: acc. pl. fyrgen-beámas,
+1415.
+
+firgen-holt, st. m., _mountain-wood, mountain-forest_: acc. sg. on
+fyrgen-holt, 1394.
+
+firgen-streám, st. m., _mountain-stream_: nom. sg. fyrgen-streám, 1360;
+acc. sg. under fyrgen-streám (marks the place where the mountain-stream,
+according to 1360, empties into Grendel's sea), 2129.
+
+fisc, st. m., _fish_: in comp. hron-, mere-fisc.
+
+fîf, num., _five_: uninflect. gen. fîf nihta fyrst, 545; acc. fîfe (?),
+420.
+
+fîfel-cyn (O.N. fîfl, stultus and gigas), st. n., _giant-race_: gen. sg.
+fîfelcynnes eard, 104.
+
+fîf-tene, fîf-tyne, num., _fifteen_: acc. fýftyne, 1583; gen. fîftena sum,
+207.
+
+fîf-tig, num., _fifty_: 1) as substantive with gen. following; acc. fîftig
+wintra, 2734; gen. se wäs fîftiges fôt-gemearces lang, 3043.--2) as
+adjective: acc. fîftig wintru, 2210.
+
+flân, st. m., _arrow_: dat. sg. flâne, 3120; as instr., 2439.
+
+flân-boga, w. m., _bow which shoots the flân, bow_: dat. sg. of flân-bogan,
+1434, 1745.
+
+flæsc, st. n., _flesh, body in contrast with soul_: instr. sg. nô þon lange
+wäs feorh äðelinges flæsce bewunden, _not much longer was the son of the
+prince contained in his body_, 2425.
+
+flæsc-hama, w. m., _clothing of flesh_, i.e. the body: acc. sg.
+flæsc-homan, 1569.
+
+flet, st. n.: 1) _ground, floor of a hall_: acc. sg. heó on flet gebeáh,
+_fell to the ground_, 1541; similarly, 1569.--2) _hall, mansion_: nom. sg.
+1977; acc. sg. flet, 1037, 1648, 1950, 2018, etc.; flett, 2035; þät hie him
+ôðer flet eal gerýmdon, _that they should give up entirely to them another
+hall_, 1087; dat. sg. on flette, 1026.
+
+flet-räst, st. f., _resting-place in the hall_: acc. sg. flet-räste gebeág,
+_reclined upon the couch in the hall_, 1242.
+
+flet-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_: acc. pl -sittende, 2023;
+dat. pl. -sittendum, 1789.
+
+flet-werod, st. n., _troop from the hall_: nom. sg., 476.
+
+fleám, st. m., _flight_: acc. sg. on fleám gewand, _had turned to flight_,
+1002; fleám eówerne, 2890.
+
+fleógan, st. v., _to fly_: prs. sg. III. fleógeð, 2274.
+
+fleón, st. v., _to flee_: inf. on heolster fleón, 756; fleón on fenhopu,
+765; fleón under fen-hleoðu, 821; pret. hete-swengeas fleáh, 2226.
+
+be-fleón, w. acc., _to avoid, to escape_: gerund nô þät ýðe byð tô
+befleónne, _that is not easy_ (i.e. not at all) _to be avoided_, 1004.
+
+ofer-fleón, w. acc., _to flee from one, to yield_: inf. nelle ic beorges
+weard oferfleón fôtes trem, _will not yield to the warder of the mountain_
+(the drake) _a foot's breadth_, 2526.
+
+fleótan, st. v., _to float upon the water, to swim_: inf. nô he wiht fram
+me flôd-ýðum feor fleótan meahte. hraðor on helme, _no whit, could he swim
+from me farther on the waves_ (regarded as instrumental, so that the waves
+marked the distance), _more swiftly in the sea_, 542; pret. sægenga fleát
+fâmigheals forð ofer ýðe, _floated away over the waves_, 1910.
+
+fliht. See flyht.
+
+flitme. See un-flitme.
+
+flîtan, st. v., _to exert one's self, to strive, to emulate_: pres. part.
+flîtende fealwe stræte mearum mæton (_rode a race_), 917; pret. sg. II.
+eart þu se Beówulf, se þe wið Brecan ... ymb sund flite, _art thou the
+Beówulf who once contended with Breca for the prize in swimming?_ 507.
+
+ofer-flîtan, _to surpass one in a contest, to conquer, to overcome_: pret.
+w. acc. he þe ät sunde oferflât (_overcome thee in a swimming-wager_), 517.
+
+ge-flît, st. n., _emulation_: acc. sg. lêton on geflît faran fealwe mearas,
+_let the fallow horses go in emulation_, 866.
+
+floga, w. m., _flyer_; in the compounds: gûð-, lyft-, uht-, wîð-floga.
+
+flota (see fleótan), w. m., _float, ship, boat_: nom. sg., 210, 218, 301;
+acc. sg. flotan eówerne, 294.--Comp. wæg-flota.
+
+flot-here, st. m., _fleet_: instr. sg. cwom faran flotherge on Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+flôd, st. m., _flood, stream, sea-current_: nom. sg., 545, 580, 1362, etc.;
+acc. sg. flôd, 3134; ofer fealone flôd, 1951; dat. sg. tô flôde, 1889; gen.
+pl. flôda begong, _the region of floods_, i.e. the sea, 1498, 1827; flôda
+genipu, 2809.
+
+flôd-ýð, st. f., _flood-wave_: instr. pl. flôd-ýðum, 542.
+
+flôr, st. m., _floor, stone-floor_: acc. sg. on fâgne flôr (the floor was
+probably a kind of mosaic, made of colored flags), 726; dat. sg. gang þâ
+äfter flôre, _along the floor_ (i.e. along the hall), 1317.
+
+flyht, fliht, st. m., _flight_: nom. sg. gâres fliht, _flight of the
+spear_, 1766.
+
+ge-flýman, w. v., _to put to flight_: pret. part. geflýmed, 847, 1371.
+
+folc, st. n., _troop, band of warriors; folk_, in the sense of the whole
+body of the fighting men of a nation: acc. sg. folc, 522, 694, 912; Sûðdene
+folc, 464; folc and rîce, 1180; dat. sg. folce, 14, 2596; folce Deninga,
+465; as instr. folce gestepte ofer sæ sîde, _went with a band of warriors
+over the wide sea_, 2394; gen. sg. folces, 1125; folces Denigea, 1583.--The
+king is called folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2645, 2982; freáwine folces, 2358;
+or folces weard, 2514. The queen, folces cwên, 1933.--The pl., in the sense
+of _warriors, fighting men_: nom. pl. folc, 1423, 2949; dat. pl. folcum,
+55, 262, 1856; gen. pl. freó- (freá-) wine folca, _of the king_, 430, 2430;
+friðu-sibb folca, _of the queen_, 2018.--Comp. sige-folc.
+
+folc-âgend, pres. part., _leader of a band of warriors_: nom. pl.
+folc-âgende, 3114.
+
+folc-beorn, st. m., _man of the multitude, a common man_: nom. sg.
+folc-beorn, 2222.
+
+folc-cwên, st. f., _queen of a warlike host_: nom. sg., of Wealhþeów, 642.
+
+folc-cyning, st. m., _king of a warlike host_: nom. sg., 2734, 2874.
+
+folc-ræd, st. m, _what best serves a warlike host_: acc. sg., 3007.
+
+folc-riht, st. n., _the rights of the fighting men of a nation_: gen. pl.
+him ær forgeaf ... folcrihta gehwylc, swâ his fäder âhte, 2609.
+
+folc-scearu, st. f., _part of a host of warriors, nation_: dat. sg.
+folc-scare, 73.
+
+folc-stede, st. m., _position of a band of warriors, place where a band of
+warriors is quartered_: acc. sg. folcstede, of the hall, Heorot, 76;
+folcstede fâra (_the battle-field_), 1464.
+
+folc-toga, w. m., _leader of a body of warriors, duke_: nom. pl., powerful
+liege-men of Hrôðgâr are called folc-togan, 840.
+
+fold-bold, st. n., _earth-house_ (i.e. a house on earth in contrast with a
+dwelling in heaven): nom. sg. fäger fold-bold, of the hall, Heorot, 774.
+
+fold-bûend, pres. part. _dweller on earth, man_: nom. pl. fold-bûend, 2275;
+fold-bûende, 1356; dat. pl. fold-bûendum, 309.
+
+folde, w. f., _earth, ground_: acc. sg. under foldan, 1362; feóll on
+foldan, 2976; gen. sg. foldan bearm, _the bosom of the earth_, 1138; foldan
+sceátas, 96; foldan fäðm, 1394.--Also, _earth, world_: dat. sg. on foldan,
+1197.
+
+fold-weg, st. m., _field-way, road through the country_: acc. sg. fold-weg,
+1634; acc. pl. fold-wegas, 867.
+
+folgian, w. v.: 1) _to perform vassal-duty, to serve, to follow_: pret. pl.
+þeáh hie hira beággyfan banan folgedon, _although they followed the
+murderer of their prince_, 1103.--2) _to pursue, to follow after_: folgode
+feorh-genîðlan (acc. pl.) 2934.
+
+folm, st. f, _hand_: acc. sg. folme, 971, 1304; dat. sg. mid folme, 743;
+acc. pl. fêt and folma, _feet and hands_, 746; dat. pl. tô banan folmum,
+158; folmum (instr.), 723, 993.--Comp.: beado-, gearo-folm.
+
+for, prep. w. dat., instr., and acc.: 1) w. dat. local, _before_, ante: þät
+he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, 358; for hlâwe, 1121.--b) _before_,
+coram, in conspectu: no he þære feohgyfte for sceótendum scamigan þorfte,
+_had no need to be ashamed of the gift before the warriors_, 1027; for þäm
+werede, 1216; for eorlum, 1650; for duguðe, _before the noble band of
+warriors_, 2021.--Causal, a) to denote a subjective motive, _on account of,
+through, from_: for wlenco, _from bravery, through warlike courage_, 338,
+1207; for wlence, 508; for his wonhýdum, 434; for onmêdlan, 2927, etc.--b)
+objective, partly denoting a cause, _through, from, by reason of_: for
+metode, _for the creator, on account of the creator_, 169; for þreánýdum,
+833; for þreánêdlan, 2225; for dolgilpe, _on account of, in accordance with
+the promise of bold deeds_ (because you claimed bold deeds for yourself),
+509; him for hrôfsele hrînan ne mehte fær-gripe flôdes, _on account of the
+roofed hall the malicious grasp of the flood could not reach him_, 1516;
+lîg-egesan wäg for horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the treasure_,
+2782; for mundgripe mînum, _on account of, through the gripe of my hand_,
+966; for þäs hildfruman hondgeweorce, 2836; for swenge, _through the
+stroke_, 2967; ne meahte ... deóp gedýgan for dracan lêge, _could not hold
+out in the deep on account of the heat of the drake_, 2550. Here may be
+added such passages as ic þäm gôdan sceal for his môdþräce mâðmas beódan,
+_will offer him treasures on account of his boldness of character, for his
+high courage_, 385; ful-oft for lässan leán teohhode, _gave often reward
+for what was inferior_, 952; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not uneasy about
+his life_, 1443; similarly, 1538. Also denoting purpose: for ârstafum, _to
+the assistance_, 382, 458.--2) w. instr. causal, _because of, for_: he hine
+feor forwräc for þý mane, 110.--3) w. acc., _for, as, instead of_: for sunu
+freógan, _love as a son_, 948; for sunu habban, 1176; ne him þäs wyrmes wîg
+for wiht dyde, _held the drake's fighting as nothing_, 2349.
+
+foran, adv., _before, among the first, forward_: siððan ... sceáwedon
+feóndes fingras, foran æghwylc (_each before himself_), 985; þät wäs ân
+foran ealdgestreóna, _that was one among the first of the old treasures_,
+i.e. a splendid old treasure, 1459; þe him foran ongeán linde bæron, _bore
+their shields forward against him_ (went out to fight against him), 2365.
+
+be-foran: 1) adv., local, _before_: he ... beforan gengde, _went before_,
+1413; temporal, _before, earlier_, 2498.--2) prep. w. acc. _before_, in
+conspectu: mære mâððum-sweord manige gesâwon beforan beorn beran, 1025.
+
+ford, st. m., _ford, water-way_: acc. sg. ymb brontne ford, 568.
+
+forð: 1) local, _forth, hither, near_: forð near ätstôp, _approached
+nearer_, 746; þâ cwom Wealhþeó forð gân, 1163; similarly, 613; him seleþegn
+forð wîsade, _led him_ (Beówulf) _forth_ (to the couch that had been
+prepared for him in Heorot), 1796; þät him swât sprong forð under fexe,
+_forth under the hair of his head_, 2968. _Forward, further_: gewîtað forð
+beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; he tô forð gestôp, 2290; freoðo-wong þone forð
+ofereodon, 2960. _Away, forth_, 45, 904; fyrst forð gewât, _the time_ (of
+the way to the ship) _was out_, i.e. they had arrived at the ship, 210; me
+... forð-gewitenum, _to me the departed_, 1480; fêrdon forð, _went forth_
+(from Grendel's sea), 1633; þonne he forð scile, _when he must (go) forth_,
+i.e. die, 3178; hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men forð gefremede, _carried
+him forth, over all men_, 1719.--2) temporal, _forth, from now on_: heald
+forð tela niwe sibbe, 949; ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, _shall
+from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2070. See furðum and furðor.
+
+forð-gerîmed, pres. part., _in unbroken succession_, 59.
+
+forð-gesceaft, st. f., _that which is determined for farther on, future
+destiny_: acc. sg. he þâ forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgýmeð, 1751.
+
+forð-weg, st. m., _road that leads away, journey_: he of ealdre gewât frôd
+on forð-weg (_upon the way to the next world_), 2626.
+
+fore, prep. w. dat., local, _before_, coram, in conspectu: heó fore þäm
+werede spräc, 1216. Causal, _through, for, because of_: nô mearn fore fæhðe
+and fyrene, 136; fore fäder dædum, _because of the father's deeds_,
+2060,--Allied to this is the meaning, _about_, de, super: þær wäs sang and
+swêg samod ätgädere fore Healfdenes hildewîsan, _song and music about
+Healfdene's general_ (the song of Hnäf), 1065.
+
+fore-mære, adj., _renowned beyond (others)_, præclarus: superl. þät wäs
+fore-mærost foldbûendum receda under roderum, 309.
+
+fore-mihtig, adj., _able beyond (others)_, præpotens: nom. sg. wäs tô
+foremihtig feónd on fêðe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (could flee
+too rapidly), 970.
+
+fore-snotor, adj., _wise beyond (others)_, sapientissimus: nom. pl.
+foresnotre men, 3164.
+
+fore-þanc, st. m., _forethought, consideration, deliberation_: nom. sg.,
+1061.
+
+forht, adj., _fearful, cowardly_: nom. sg. forht, 2968; he on môde wearð
+forht on ferhðe, 755.--Comp. unforht.
+
+forma, adj., _foremost, first_: nom. sg. forma sîð (_the first time_), 717,
+1464, 1528, 2626; instr. sg. forman sîðe, 741, 2287; forman dôgore, 2574.
+
+fyrmest, adv. superl., _first of all, in the first place_: he fyrmest läg,
+2078.
+
+forst, st. m., _frost, cold_: gen. sg. forstes bend, 1610.
+
+for-þam, for-þan, for-þon, adv. and conj., _therefore, on that account,
+then_: forþam, 149; forþan, 418, 680, 1060; forþon þe, _because_, 503.
+
+fôn, st. v., _to catch, to grasp, to take hold, to take_: prs. sg. III.
+fêhð ôðer tô, _another lays hold_ (takes possession), 1756; inf. ic mid
+grâpe sceal fôn wið feónde, 439; pret. sg. him tôgeánes fêng, _caught at
+him, grasped at him_, 1543; w. dat. he þâm frätwum fêng, _received the rich
+adornments_ (Ongenþeów's equipment), 2990.
+
+be-fôn, _to surround, to ensnare, to encompass, to embrace_: pret. part.
+hyne sâr hafað ... nearwe befongen balwon bendum, 977; heó äðelinga ânne
+häfde fäste befangen (_had seized him firmly_), 1296; helm ... befongen
+freáwrâsnum (_encircled by an ornament like a diadem_), 1452; fenne
+bifongen, _surrounded by the fen_, 2010; (draca) fýre befongen, _encircled
+by fire_, 2275, 2596; häfde landwara lîge befangen, _encompassed by fire_,
+2322.
+
+ge-fôn, w. acc., _to seize, to grasp_: pret. he gefêng slæpendne rinc, 741;
+gûðrinc gefêng atolan clommum, 1502; gefêng þâ be eaxle ... Gûðgeáta leód
+Grendles môdor, 1538; gefêng þâ fetelhilt, 1564; hond rond gefêng, geolwe
+linde, 2610; ic on ôfoste gefêng micle mid mundum mägen-byrðenne, _hastily
+I seized with my hands the enormous burden_, 3091.
+
+on-fôn, w. dat., _to receive, to accept, to take_: pres. imp. sg. onfôh
+þissum fulle, _accept this cup_, 1170; inf. þät þät þeódnes bearn ...
+scolde fäder-äðelum onfôn, _receive the paternal rank_, 912; pret. sg. hwâ
+þäm hläste onfêng, _who received the ship's lading_, 52; hleór-bolster
+onfêng eorles andwlitan, _the pillow received the nobleman's face_, 689;
+similarly, 853, 1495; heal swêge onfêng, _the hall received the loud
+noise_, 1215; he onfêng hraðe inwit-þancum, _he_ (Beówulf) _at once
+clutched him_ (Grendel) _devising malice_, 749.
+
+þurh-fôn, w. acc., _to break through with grasping, to destroy by
+grasping_: inf. þät heó þone fyrd-hom þurh-fôn ne mihte, 1505.
+
+wið-fôn, w. dat., _(to grasp at), to seize, to lay hold of_: pret. sg. him
+fäste wið-fêng, 761.
+
+ymbe-fôn, w. acc., _to encircle_: pret. heals ealne ymbefêng biteran bânum,
+_encircled his_ (Beówulf's) _whole neck with sharp bones_ (teeth), 2692.
+
+fôt, st. m., _foot_: gen. sg. fôtes trem (_the measure of a foot, a foot
+broad_), 2526; acc. pl. fêt, 746; dat. pl. ät fôtum, _at the feet_, 500,
+1167.
+
+fôt-gemearc, st. n., _measure, determining by feet, number of feet_: gen.
+sg. se wäs fîftiges fôtgemearces lang (_fifty feet long_), 3043.
+
+fôt-lâst, st. m., _foot-print_: acc. sg. (draca) onfand feóndes fôt-lâst,
+2290.
+
+fracod, adj., _objectionable, useless_. nom. sg. näs seó ecg fracod
+hilde-rince, 1576.
+
+fram, from, I. prep. w. dat. loc. _away from something_: þær fram sylle
+âbeág medubenc monig, 776, 1716; þanon eft gewiton ealdgesîðas ... fram
+mere, 856; cyning-balde men from þäm holmclife hafelan bæron, 1636;
+similarly, 541, 543, 2367. Standing after the dat.: he hine feor forwräc
+... mancynne fram, 110; similarly, 1716. Also, _hither from something_: þâ
+ic cwom ... from feóndum, 420; æghwäðrum wäs ... brôga fram ôðrum,
+2566.--Causal with verbs of saying and hearing, _of, about, concerning_:
+sägdest from his sîðe, 532; nô ic wiht fram þe swylcra searo-nîða secgan
+hýrde, 581; þät he fram Sigemunde secgan hyrde, 876. II adv., _away,
+thence_: nô þý ær fram meahte, 755; _forth, out_: from ærest cwom oruð
+aglæcean ût of stâne, _the breath of the dragon came forth first from the
+rock_ 2557.
+
+fram, from, adj.: 1) _directed forwards, striving forwards_; in comp.
+sîð-fram.--2) _excellent, splendid_, of a man with reference to his warlike
+qualities: nom. sg. ic eom on môde from, 2528; nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477. Of things: instr. pl. fromum feoh-giftum, 21.--Comp. un-from;
+see freme, forma.
+
+ge-frägen. See frignan.
+
+frätwe, st. f. pl., _ornament, anything costly_, originally _carved
+objects_ (cf. Dietrich in Hpts. Ztschr. X. 216 ff.), afterwards of any
+costly and artistic work: acc. pl. frätwe, 2920; beorhte frätwe, 214;
+beorhte frätwa, 897; frätwe.. eorclan-stânas, 1208; frätwe,...
+breóst-weorðunge, 2504, both times of Hygelâc's collar; frätwe and
+fät-gold, 1922; frätwe (Eanmund's sword and armor), 2621; dat. instr. pl.
+þâm frätwum, 2164; on frätewum, 963; frätwum (Heaðobeard sword) hrêmig,
+2055; frätwum, of the drake's treasures, 2785; frätwum (Ongenþeów's armor),
+2990; gen. pl. fela ... frätwa, 37; þâra frätwa (drake's treasure), 2795;
+frätwa hyrde (drake), 3134.
+
+frätwan, w. v., _to supply with ornaments, to adorn_: inf. folc-stede
+frätwan, 76.
+
+ge-frätwian, w. v., _to adorn_: pret. sg. gefrätwade foldan sceátas leomum
+and leáfum, 96; pret. part. þâ wäs hâten Heort innanweard folmum gefrätwod,
+993.
+
+ge-fræge, adj., _known by reputation, renowned_: nom. sg. leód-cyning ...
+folcum gefræge, 55; swâ hyt gefræge wäs, 2481.
+
+ge-fræge, st. n., _information through hearsay_: instr. sg. mine gefræge
+(_as I learned through the narrative of others_), 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ge-frægnian, w. v., _to become known through hearsay_: pret. part. fylle
+gefrægnod (of Grendel's mother, who had become known through the carrying
+off of Äschere), 1334?
+
+freca, w. m., properly _a wolf_, as one that breaks in, robs; here a
+designation of heroes: nom. sg. freca Scildinga, of Beówulf, 1564.--Comp.:
+gûð-, hilde-, scyld-, sweord-, wîg-freca; ferð-frec (adj.).
+
+fremde, adj., properly _distant, foreign_; then _estranged, hostile_: nom
+sg. þät wäs fremde þeód êcean dryhtne, of the giants, 1692.
+
+freme, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. fem. fremu folces cwên, of
+Þryðo, 1933(?).
+
+fremman, w. v., _to press forward, to further_, hence: 1) in general, _to
+perform, to accomplish, to do, to make_: pres. subj. without an object,
+fremme se þe wille, _let him do (it) whoever will_, 1004. With acc.: imp.
+pl. fremmað ge nu leóda þearfe, 2801; inf. fyrene fremman, 101; säcce
+fremman, 2500; fæhðe ... mærðum fremman, 2515, etc.; pret. sg. folcræd
+fremede (_did what was best for his men_, i.e. ruled wisely), 3007; pl. hû
+þâ äðelingas ellen fremedon, 3; feohtan fremedon, 960; nalles fâcenstafas
+... þenden fremedon, 1020; pret. subj. þät ic ... mærðo fremede, 2135. --2)
+_to help on, to support_: inf. þät he mec fremman wile wordum and worcum
+(to an expedition), 1833.
+
+ge-fremman, w. acc., _to do, to make, to render_: inf. gefremman eorlîc
+ellen, 637; helpan gefremman, _to give help_, 2450; äfter weáspelle wyrpe
+gefremman, _to work a change after sorrow_ (to give joy after sorrow),
+1316; gerund, tô gefremmanne, 174, 2645; pret. sg. gefremede, 135, 165,
+551, 585, etc.; þeáh þe hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men forð gefremede,
+_placed him away, above all men_, i.e. raised him, 1719; pret. pl.
+gefremedon, 1188, 2479; pret. subj. gefremede, 177; pret. part. gefremed,
+476; fem, nu scealc hafað ... dæd gefremede, 941; absolutely, þu þe self
+hafast dædum gefremed, þät ..., _hast brought it about by thy deeds that_,
+955.
+
+fretan, st. v., _to devour, to consume_: inf. þâ (the precious things)
+sceal brond fretan, 3015; nu sceal glêd fretan wîgena strengel, 3115; pret.
+sg. (Grendel) slæpende frät folces Denigea fýftyne men, 1582.
+
+frêcne, adj., _dangerous, bold_: nom. sg. frêcne fýr-draca, 2690;
+feorh-bealo frêcne, 2251, 2538; acc. sg. frêcne dæde, 890; frêcne fengelâd,
+1360; frêcne stôwe, 1379; instr. sg. frêcnan spræce (_through provoking
+words_), 1105.
+
+frêcne, adv., _boldly, audaciously_, 960, 1033, 1692.
+
+freá, w. m., _ruler, lord_, of a temporal ruler: nom. sg. freá, 2286; acc.
+sg. freán, 351, 1320, 2538, 3003, 3108; gen. sg. freán, 359, 500, 1167,
+1681; dat. sg. freán, 271, 291, 2663. Of a husband: dat. sg. eode ... tô
+hire freán sittan, 642. Of God: dat. sg. freán ealles, _the Lord of all_,
+2795; gen. sg. freán, 27.-- Comp.: âgend-, lîf-, sin-freá.
+
+freá-dryhten, st. m., _lord, ruling lord_: gen. sg. freá-drihtnes, 797.
+
+freá-wine, st. m., _lord and friend, friendly ruler_: nom. sg. freá-wine
+folces (folca), 2358, 2430; acc. sg. his freá-wine, 2439.
+
+freá-wrâsn, st. f., _encircling ornament like a diadem_: instr. pl. helm
+... befongen freáwrâsnum, 1452; see wrâsn.
+
+freoðu, friðu, f., _protection, asylum, peace_: acc. sg. wel bið þäm þe môt
+... tô fäder fäðmum freoðo wilnian, _who may obtain an asylum in God's
+arms_, 188; neán and feorran þu nu [friðu] hafast, 1175.--Comp. fen-freoðo.
+
+freoðo-burh, st. f., _castle, city affording protection_: acc. sg.
+freoðoburh fägere, 522.
+
+freoðo-wong, st. m., _field of peace, field of protection_: acc. sg., 2960;
+seems to have been the proper name of a field.
+
+freoðo-wær, st. f., _peace-alliance, security of peace_: acc. sg. þâ hie
+getrûwedon on twâ healfa fäste frioðu-wære, 1097; gen. sg. frioðowære bäd
+hlâford sînne, _entreated his lord for the protection of peace_ (i.e. full
+pardon for his delinquency), 2283.
+
+freoðo-webbe, w. f., _peace-weaver_, designation of the royal consort
+(often one given in marriage as a confirmation of a peace between two
+nations): nom. sg., 1943.
+
+freó-burh, st. f., = freá-burg (?), _ruler's castle_ (?) (according to
+Grein, arx ingenua): acc. sg. freóburh, 694.
+
+freód, st. f., _friendship_: acc. sg. freóde ne woldon ofer heafo healdan,
+2477; gen. sg. näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, _was no longer time to
+seek for friendship_, 2557; --_favor, acknowledgement_: acc. sg. ic þe
+sceal mîne gelæstan freóde (_will show myself grateful_, with reference to
+1381 ff.), 1708.
+
+freó-dryhten (= freá-dryhten), st. m., _lord, ruler_; according to Grein,
+dominus ingenuus vel nobilis: nom. sg. as voc. freó-drihten min! 1170; dat.
+sg. mid his freó-dryhtne, 2628.
+
+freógan, w. v., _to love; to think of lovingly_: pres. subj. þät mon his
+wine-dryhten ... ferhðum freóge, 3178; inf. nu ic þec ... me for sunu wylle
+freógan on ferhðe, 949.
+
+freó-lîc, adj., _free, free-born_ (here of the lawful wife in contrast with
+the bond concubine): nom. sg. freólîc wîf, 616; freólîcu folc-cwên, 642.
+
+freónd, st. m., _friend_: acc. sg. freónd, 1386, 1865; dat. pl. freóndum,
+916, 1019, 1127; gen. pl. freónda, 1307, 1839.
+
+freónd-laðu, st. f., _friendly invitation_: nom. sg. him wäs ful boren and
+freónd-laðu (_friendly invitation to drink_) wordum bewägned, 1193.
+
+freónd-lâr, st. f., _friendly counsel_: dat. (instr.) pl. freónd-lârum,
+2378.
+
+freónd-lîce, adv., _in a friendly manner, kindly_: compar. freónd-lîcor,
+1028.
+
+freónd-scipe, st. m., _friendship_: acc. sg. freónd-scipe fästne, 2070.
+
+freó-wine, st. m. (see freáwine), _lord and friend, friendly ruler_;
+according to Grein, amicus nobilis, princeps amicus: nom. sg. as voc.
+freó-wine folca! 430.
+
+fricgean, w. v., _to ask, to inquire into_: inf. ongan sînne geseldan fägre
+fricgean hwylce Sæ-Geáta sîðas wæron, 1986; pres. part, gomela Scilding
+fela fricgende feorran rehte, _the old Scilding, asking many questions_
+(having many things related to him), _told of old times_ (the conversation
+was alternate), 2107.
+
+ge-fricgean, _to learn, to learn by inquiry_: pres. pl. syððan hie
+ge-fricgeað freán ûserne ealdorleásne, _when they learn that our lord is
+dead_, 3003; pres. subj. gif ic þät gefricge, þät..., 1827; pl. syððan
+äðelingas feorran gefricgean fleám eówerne, 2890.
+
+friclan (see freca), w. v. w. gen., _to seek, to desire, to strive for_:
+inf. näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan, 2557.
+
+friðo-sib, st. f., _kin for the confirming of peace_, designation of the
+queen (see freoðo--webbe), _peace-bringer_: nom. sg. friðu-sibb folca,
+2018.
+
+frignan, fringan, frinan, st. v., _to ask, to inquire_: imp. ne frin þu
+äfter sælum, _ask not after the well-being!_ 1323; inf. ic þäs wine Deniga
+frinan wille ... ymb þînne sîð, 351; pret. sg. frägn, 236, 332; frägn gif
+..., _asked whether_ ..., 1320.
+
+ge-frignan, ge-fringan, ge-frinan, _to find out by inquiry, to learn by
+narration._ pret. sg. (w. acc.) þät fram hâm gefrägn Higelâces þegn
+Grendles dæda, 194; nô ic gefrägn heardran feohtan, 575; (w. acc. and inf.)
+þâ ic wîde gefrägn weorc gebannan, 74; similarly, 2485, 2753, 2774; ne
+gefrägen ic þâ mægðe mâran weorode ymb hyra sincgyfan sêl gebæran, _I never
+heard that any people, richer in warriors, conducted itself better about
+its chief_, 1012; similarly, 1028; pret. pl. (w. acc.) we þeódcyninga þrym
+gefrunon, 2; (w. acc. and inf.) geongne gûðcyning gôdne gefrunon hringas
+dælan, 1970; (parenthetical) swâ guman gefrungon, 667, (after þonne)
+medo-ärn micel (_greater_) ... þone yldo bearn æfre gefrunon, 70; pret.
+part. häfde Higelâces hilde gefrunen, 2953; häfdon gefrunen þät..., _had
+learned that_ ..., 695; häfde gefrunen hwanan sió fæhð ârâs, 2404;
+healsbeága mæst þâra þe ic on foldan gefrägen häbbe, 1197.
+
+from, See fram.
+
+frôd, adj.: 1) ætate provectus, _old, gray_: nom. sg. frôd, 2626, 2951;
+frôd cyning, 1307, 2210; frôd folces weard, 2514; wintrum frôd, 1725, 2115,
+2278; se frôda, 2929; ac. sg. frôde feorhlege (_the laying down of my old
+life_), 2801; dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan (may also, from its meaning, belong
+under No. 2), 2124.--2) mente excellentior, _intelligent, experienced,
+wise_: nom. sg. frôd, 1367; frôd and gôd, 279; on môde frôd, 1845.--Comp.:
+in-, un-frôd.
+
+frôfor, st. f., _consolation, compensation, help_: nom. sg. frôfor, 2942;
+acc. sg. frôfre, 7, 974; fyrena frôfre, 629; frôfre and fultum, 1274;
+frôfor and fultum, 699; dat. sg. tô frôfre, 14, 1708; gen. sg. frôfre, 185.
+
+fruma (see forma), w. m., _the foremost_, hence: l) _beginning_: nom. sg.
+wäs se fruma egeslîc leódum on lande, swâ hyt lungre wearð on hyra
+sincgifan sâre geendod (_the beginning of the dragon-combat was terrible,
+its end distressing through the death of Beówulf_), 2310.--2) _he who
+stands first, prince_; in comp. dæd-, hild-, land-, leód-, ord-, wîg-fruma.
+
+frum-cyn, st. n., (genus primitivum), _descent, origin_: acc. sg. nu ic
+eówer sceal frumcyn witan, 252.
+
+frum-gâr, st. m., primipilus, _duke, prince_: dat. sg. frumgâre (of
+Beówulf), 2857.
+
+frum-sceaft, st. f., prima creatio, _beginning_: acc. sg. se þe cûðe
+frumsceaft fira feorran reccan, _who could tell of the beginning of mankind
+in old times_, 91; dat. sg. frum-sceafte, _in the beginning_, i.e at his
+birth, 45.
+
+fugol, st. m., _bird_: dat. sg. fugle gelîcost, 218; dat. pl. [fuglum] tô
+gamene, 2942.
+
+ful, adj., _full, filled_: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. se wäs innan full wrätta
+and wîra, 2413.--Comp.: eges-, sorh-, weorð-ful.
+
+ful, adv., plene, _very_: ful oft, 480; ful-oft, 952.
+
+ful, st. n., _cup, beaker_: nom. sg., 1193; acc. sg. ful, 616, 629, 1026;
+ofer ýða ful, _over the cup of the waves_ (the basin of the sea filled with
+waves), 1209; dat. sg. onfôh þissum fulle, 1170.--Comp.: medo-, sele-full.
+
+fullæstian, w. v. w. dat, _to give help_: pres. sg. ic þe fullæstu, 2669.
+
+fultum, st. m., _help, support, protection_: acc. sg. frôfor (frôfre) and
+fultum, 699, 1274; mägenes fultum, 1836; on fultum, 2663.--Comp.
+mägen-fultum.
+
+fundian, w. v., _to strive, to have in view_: pres. pl. we fundiað Higelâc
+sêcan, 1820; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, 1138.
+
+furðum, adv., primo, _just, exactly; then first_: þâ ic furðum weóld folce
+Deninga, _then first governed the people of the Danes_ (had just assumed
+the government), 465; þâ hie tô sele furðum ... gangan cwômon, 323; ic þær
+furðum cwom tô þam hringsele, 2010;--_before, previously_: ic þe sceal mîne
+gelæstan freóde, swâ wit furðum spræcon, 1708.
+
+furður, adv., _further, forward, more distant_, 254, 762, 3007.
+
+fûs, adj., _inclined to, favorable, ready_: nom. sg. nu ic eom sîðes fûs,
+1476; leófra manna fûs, _prepared for the dear men_, i.e. expecting them,
+1917; sigel sûðan fûs, _the sun inclined from the south_ (midday sun),
+1967; se wonna hrefn fûs ofer fægum, _eager over the slain_, 3026; sceft
+... feðer-gearwum fûs, 3120; nom. pl. wæron ... eft to leódum fûse tô
+farenne, 1806.--Sometimes fûs means _ready for death_, moribundus: fûs and
+fæge, 1242.--Comp.: hin-, ût-fûs.
+
+fûs-lîc, adj., _prepared, ready_: acc. sg. fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leóð, 1425;
+fyrd-searo fûs-lîc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûs-lîcu, 232.
+
+fyl, st. m., _fall_: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, _the fall of the king_ (in the
+dragon-fight), 2913; dat. sg. þät he on fylle wearð, _that he came to a
+fall, fell_, 1545.--Comp. hrâ-fyl.
+
+fylce (collective form from folc), st. n., _troop, band of warriors_: in
+comp. äl-fylce.
+
+ge-fyllan (see feal), w. v., _to fell, to slay in battle_: inf. fâne
+gefyllan, _to slay the enemy_, 2656; pret. pl. feónd gefyldan, _they had
+slain the enemy_, 2707.
+
+â-fyllan (see ful), w. v., _to fill_: pret. part. Heorot innan wäs freóndum
+âfylled (_was filled with trusted men_), 1019.
+
+fyllo, st. f. (_plenty, abundant meal_: dat. (instr.) sg. fylle gefrægnod,
+1334; gen. sg. näs hie þære fylle gefeán häfdon, 562; fylle gefægon,
+1015.--Comp.: wäl-, wist-fyllo.
+
+fyl-wêrig, adj., _weary enough to fall, faint to death_, moribundus: acc.
+sg. fyl-wêrigne, 963.
+
+fyr. See feor.
+
+fyrian, w. v. w. acc. (= ferian) _to bear, to bring, carry_: pret. pl. þâ
+þe gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon þyder tô þance, 378.
+
+fyras. See firas.
+
+fyren. See firen.
+
+fyrde, adj., _movable, that can be moved_.--Comp. hard-fyrde.--Leo.
+
+fyrd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade on an expedition, companion in battle_:
+dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874
+
+fyrd-ham, st. m., _war-dress, coat of mail_: acc. sg. þone fyrd-hom, 1505.
+
+fyrd-hrägl, st. n., _coat of mail, war-dress_: acc. sg. fyrd-hrägl, 1528.
+
+fyrd-hwät, adj., _sharp, good in war, warlike_: nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477.
+
+fyrd-leóð, st. n., _war-song, warlike music_: acc. sg. horn stundum song
+fûslîc f[yrd]leoð, 1425.
+
+fyrd-searu, st. n., _equipment for an expedition_: acc. sg. fyrd-searu
+fûslîc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fûslîcu, 232.
+
+fyrd-wyrðe, adj., _of worth in war, excellent in battle_: nom. sg.
+fyrd-wyrðe man (Beówulf), 1317.
+
+ge-fyrðran (see forð), w. v., _to bring forward, to further_: pret. part.
+âr wäs on ôfoste, eftsîðes georn, frätwum gefyrðred, _he was hurried
+forward by the treasure_ (i.e. after he had gathered up the treasure, he
+hasted to return, so as to be able to show it to the mortally-wounded
+Beówulf), 2785.
+
+fyrmest. See forma.
+
+fyrn-dagas, st. m. pl., _by-gone days_: dat. pl. fyrndagum (_in old
+times_), 1452.
+
+fyrn-geweorc, st. n., _work, something done in old times_: acc. sg. fira
+fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in 2283), 2287.
+
+fyrn-gewin, st. n., _combat in ancient times_: gen. sg. ôr fyrn-gewinnes
+(_the origin of the battles of the giants_), 1690.
+
+fyrn-man, st. m., _man of ancient times_: gen. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, 2762.
+
+fyrn-wita, w. m., _counsellor ever since ancient times, adviser for many
+years_: dat. sg. frôdan fyrnwitan, of Äschere, 2124.
+
+fyrst, st. m., _portion of time, definite time, time_: nom. sg. näs hit
+lengra fyrst, ac ymb âne niht ..., 134; fyrst forð gewât, _the time_ (of
+going to the harbor) _was past_, 210; näs þær mâra fyrst freóde tô friclan,
+2556; acc. sg. niht-longne fyrst, 528; fîf nihta fyrst, 545; instr. sg. þý
+fyrste, 2574; dat. sg. him on fyrste gelomp ..., _within the fixed time_,
+76.
+
+fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt, st. n., _prying spirit, curiosity_: nom. sg. fyrwyt,
+232; fyrwet, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-fýsan (fûs), w. v., _to make ready, to prepare_: part. winde gefýsed
+flota, _the ship provided with wind_ (for the voyage), 217; (wyrm) fýre
+gefýsed, _provided with fire_, 2310; þâ wäs hringbogan (of the drake)
+heorte gefýsed säcce tô sêceanne, 2562; with gen., in answer to the
+question, for what? gûðe gefýsed, _ready for battle, determined to fight_,
+631.
+
+fýr, st. n., _fire_: nom. sg., 1367, 2702, 2882; dat. sg. fýre, 2220; as
+instr. fýre, 2275, 2596; gen. sg. fýres fäðm, 185; fýres feng, 1765.--
+Comp.: âd-, bæl-, heaðu-, wäl-fýr.
+
+fýr-bend, st. m., _band forged in fire_: dat. pl. duru ... fýr-bendum fäst,
+723.
+
+fýr-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon_: nom. sg., 2690.
+
+fýr-heard, adj., _hard through fire, hardened in fire_: nom. pl. (eoforlîc)
+fâh and fýr-heard, 305.
+
+fýr-leóht, st. n., _fire-light_: acc. sg., 1517.
+
+fýr-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire, flame-wave_: dat. pl. wyrm ... fýrwylmum
+fâh, 2672.
+
+
+G
+
+galan, st. v., _to sing, to sound_: pres. sg. sorh-leóð gäleð, 2461; inf.
+gryre-leóð galan, 787; bearhtm ongeâton, gûðhorn galan, _heard the clang,
+the battle-trumpet sound_, 1433.
+
+â-galan, _to sing, to sound_: pret. sg. þät hire on hafelan hringmæl âgôl
+grædig gûðleóð, _that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound upon
+her head_, 1522.
+
+gamban, or, according to Bout., gambe, w. f., _tribute, interest_: acc. sg.
+gomban gyldan, 11.
+
+gamen, st. n., _social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings_: nom. sg. gamen,
+1161; gomen, 2460; gomen gleóbeámes, _the pleasure of the harp_, 2264; acc.
+sg. gamen and gleódreám, 3022; dat. sg. gamene, 2942; gomene, 1776.--Comp.
+heal-gamen.
+
+gamen-wâð, st. f., _way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
+society_: dat. sg. of gomen-wâðe, 855.
+
+gamen-wudu, st. m., _wood of social enjoyment_, i.e. harp: nom. sg. þær wäs
+... gomenwudu grêted, 1066; acc. sg. gomenwudu grêtte, 2109.
+
+gamol, gomol, gomel, adj., _old_; of persons, _having lived many years,
+gray_: gamol, 58, 265; gomol, 3096; gomel, 2113, 2794; se gomela, 1398;
+gamela (gomela) Scylding, 1793, 2106; gomela, 2932; acc. sg. þone gomelan,
+2422; dat. sg. gamelum rince, 1678; gomelum ceorle, 2445; þam gomelan,
+2818; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele, 1596.--Also, _late, belonging to former
+time_: gen. pl. gomelra lâfe (_legacy_), 2037.--Of things, _old, from old
+times_: nom. sg. sweord ... gomol, 2683; acc. sg. gomele lâfe, 2564; gomel
+swyrd, 2611; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.
+
+gamol-feax, adj., _with gray hair_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gang, st. m.: 1) _gait, way_: dat. sg. on gange, 1885; gen. sg. ic hine ne
+mihte ... ganges ge-twæman, _could not keep him from going_, 969.--2)
+_step, foot-step_: nom. sg. gang (the foot-print of the mother of Grendel),
+1405; acc. sg. uton hraðe fêran Grendles mâgan gang sceáwigan, 1392.--Comp.
+in-gang.
+
+be-gang, bi-gang, st. m., (_so far as something goes_), _extent_: acc. sg.
+ofer geofenes begang, _over the extent of the sea_, 362; ofer flôda begang,
+1827; under swegles begong, 861, 1774; flôda begong, 1498; sioleða bigong,
+2368.
+
+gangan. See under gân.
+
+ganot, st. m., _diver_, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes bäð (i.e. the
+sea), 1862.
+
+gâd, st. n., _lack_: nom. sg. ne bið þe wilna gâd (_thou shalt have no lack
+of desirable_ [valuable] _things_), 661; similarly, 950.
+
+gân, _expanded =_ gangan, st. v., _to go_: pres. sg. III. gæð â Wyrd swâ
+hió scel, 455; gæð eft ... tô medo, 605; þonne he ... on flett gæð, 2035;
+similarly, 2055; pres. subj. III. sg. gâ þær he wille, _let him go whither
+he will_, 1395; imp. sg. II. gâ nu tô setle, 1783; nu þu lungre geong, hord
+sceáwian, under hârne stân, 2744; inf. in gân, _to go in_, 386, 1645 'forð
+gân, _to go forth, to go thither_, 1164; þat hie him tô mihton gegnum
+gangan, _to go towards, to go to_, 314; tô sele ... gangan cwômon, 324; in
+a similar construction, gongan, 1643; nu ge môton gangan ... Hrôðgâr
+geseón, 395; þâ com of môre ... Grendel gongan, _there came Grendel (going)
+from the fen_, 712; ongeán gramum gangan, _to go to meet the enemy, to go
+to the war_, 1035; cwom ... tô hofe gongan, 1975; wutun gangan tô, _let us
+go thither_, 2649.--As preterite, serve, 1) geóng or gióng: he tô healle
+geóng, 926; similarly, 2019; se þe on orde geóng, _who went at the head,
+went in front, _3126; on innan gióng, _went in_, 2215; he ... gióng tô þäs
+þe he eorðsele ânne wisse, _went thither, where he knew of that earth-hall,
+_2410; þâ se äðeling, gióng, þät he bî wealle gesät, _then went the prince_
+(Beówulf) _that he might sit down by the wall_, 2716.--2) gang: tô healle
+gang Healfdenes sunu, 1010; similarly, 1296; gang þâ äfter flôre, _went
+along the floor, along the hall_, 1317.--3) gengde (Goth. gaggida): he ...
+beforan gengde ..., wong sceáwian, _went in front to inspect the fields_,
+1413; gengde, also of riding, 1402.--4) from another stem, eode (Goth.
+iddja): eode ellenrôf, þät he for eaxlum gestôd Deniga freán, 358;
+similarly, 403; [wið duru healle Wulfgâr eode], _went towards the door of
+the hall_, 390; eode Wealhþeów forð, _went forth_, 613; eode tô hire freán
+sittan, 641; eode yrremôd, _went with angry feeling_, 727; eode ... tô
+sele, 919; similarly, 1233; eode ... þær se snottra bâd, 1313; eode weorð
+Denum äðeling tô yppan, _the prince_ (Beówulf), _honored by the Danes, went
+to the high seat_, 1815; eode ... under inwit-hrôf, 3124; pl. þær
+swîðferhðe sittan eodon, 493; eodon him þâ tôgeánes, _went to meet him_,
+1627; eodon under Earna näs, 3032.
+
+â-gangan, _to go out, to go forth, to befall_: pret. part. swâ bit âgangen
+wearð eorla manegum (_as it befell many a one of the earls_), 1235.
+
+full-gangan, _to emulate, to follow after_: pret. sg. þonne ... sceft nytte
+heóld, feðer-gearwum fûs flâne full-eode, _when the shaft had employment,
+furnished with feathers it followed the arrow, did as the arrow_, 3120.
+
+ge-gân, ge-gangan: 1) _to go, to approach_: inf. (w. acc.) his môdor ...
+gegân wolde sorhfulne sîð, 1278; se þe gryre-sîðas gegân dorste, _who dared
+to go the ways of terror_ (to go into the combat), 1463; pret. sg. se maga
+geonga under his mæges scyld elne geeode, _went quickly under his kinsman's
+shield_, 2677; pl. elne geeodon tô þäs þe ..., _went quickly thither where_
+..., 1968; pret. part. syððan hie tô-gädre gegân häfdon, _when they_
+(Wîglâf and the drake) _had come together_, 2631; þät his aldres wäs ende
+gegongen, _that the end of his life had come_, 823; þâ wäs endedäg gôdum
+gegongen, þät se gûðcyning ... swealt, 3037.--2) _to obtain, to reach_:
+inf. (w. acc.) þonne he ät gûðe gegân þenceð longsumne lof, 1536; ic mid
+elne sceall gold gegangan, 2537; gerund, näs þät ýðe ceáp tô gegangenne
+gumena ænigum, 2417; pret. pl. elne geeodon ... þät se byrnwîga bûgan
+sceolde, 2918; pret. part. häfde ... gegongen þät, _had attained it, that_
+..., 894; hord ys gesceáwod, grimme gegongen, 3086.--3) _to occur, to
+happen_: pres. sg. III. gif þät gegangeð þät ..., _if that happen, that_
+..., 1847; pret. sg. þät geiode ufaran dôgrum hilde-hlämmum, _it happened
+in later times to the warriors_ (the Geátas), 2201; pret. part. þâ wäs
+gegongen guman unfrôdum earfoðlîce þät, _then it had happened to the young
+man in sorrowful wise that_ ..., 2822.
+
+ôð-gangan, _to-go thither_: pret. pl. oð þät hi ôðeodon ... in Hrefnesholt,
+2935.
+
+ofer-gangan, w. acc., _to go over_: pret. sg. ofereode þâ äðelinga bearn
+steáp stân-hliðo, _went over steep, rocky precipices_, 1409; pl.
+freoðo-wong þone forð ofereodon, 2960.
+
+ymb-gangan, w. acc., _to go around_: pret. ymb-eode þâ ides Helminga duguðe
+and geogoðe dæl æghwylcne, _went around in every part, among the superior
+and the inferior warriors_, 621.
+
+gâr, st. m., _spear, javelin, missile_: nom. sg., 1847, 3022; instr. sg.
+gâre, 1076; blôdigan gâre, 2441; gen. sg. gâres fliht, 1766; nom. pl.
+gâras, 328; gen. pl., 161(?).--Comp.: bon-, frum-gâr.
+
+gâr-cêne, adj., _spear-bold_: nom. sg., 1959.
+
+gâr-cwealm, st. m., _murder, death by the spear_: acc. sg. gâr-cwealm
+gumena, 2044.
+
+gâr-holt, st. n., _forest of spears_, i.e. crowd of spears: acc. sg., 1835.
+
+gâr-secg, st. m. (cf. Grimm, in Haupt l. 578), _sea, ocean_: acc. sg. on
+gâr-secg, 49, 537; ofer gâr-secg, 515.
+
+gâr-wîga, w. m., _one who fights with the spear_: dat. sg. geongum
+gâr-wîgan, of Wîglâf, 2675, 2812.
+
+gâr-wîgend, pres. part., _fighting with spear, spear-fighter_: acc. pl.
+gâr-wîgend, 2642.
+
+gâst, gæst, st. m., _ghost, demon_: acc. sg. helle gâst (Grendel), 1275;
+gen. sg. wergan gâstes (of Grendel), 133; (of the tempter), 1748; gen. pl.
+dyrnra gâsta (Grendel's race), 1358; gæsta gîfrost (_flames consuming
+corpses_), 1124.--Comp.: ellor-, geó-sceaft-gâst; ellen-, wäl-gæst.
+
+gâst-bana, w. m., _slayer of the spirit_, i.e. the devil: nom. sg.
+gâst-bona, 177.
+
+gädeling, st. m., _he who is connected with another, relation, companion_:
+gen. sg. gädelinges, 2618; dat. pl. mid his gädelingum, 2950.
+
+ät-gädere, adv., _together, united_: 321, 1165, 1191; samod ätgädere, 329,
+387, 730, 1064.
+
+tô-gadere, adv., _together_, 2631.
+
+gäst, gist, gyst, st. m., _stranger, guest_: nom. sg. gäst, 1801; se gäst
+(the drake), 2313; se grimma gäst (Grendel), 102; gist, 1139, 1523; acc.
+sg. gryre-lîcne gist (the nixy slain by Beówulf), 1442; dat. sg. gyste,
+2229; nom. pl. gistas, 1603; acc. pl. gäs[tas], 1894.--Comp.: fêðe-,
+gryre-, inwit-, nîð-, sele-gäst (-gyst).
+
+gäst-sele, st. m., _hall in which the guests spend their time, guest-hall_:
+acc. sg., 995.
+
+ge, conj., _and_, 1341; ge ... ge ..., _as well ... as ..._, 1865; ge ...
+ge ..., ge ..., 1249; ge swylce, _and likewise, and moreover_, 2259.
+
+ge, pron., _ye, you_, plur. of þu, 237, 245, etc.
+
+gegn-cwide, st. m., _reply_: gen. pl. þînra gegn-cwida, 367.
+
+gegnum, adv., _thither, towards, away_, with the prep, tô, ofer, giving the
+direction: þät hie him tô mihton gegnum gangan (_that they might go
+thither_), 314; gegnum fôr [þâ] ofer myrcan môr, _away over the dark moor_,
+1405.
+
+gehðu, geohðu, st. f., _sorrow, care_: instr. sg. giohðo mænde, 2268; dat.
+sg. on gehðo, 3096; on giohðe, 2794.
+
+gen (from gegn), adv., _yet, again_. ne wäs hit lenge þâ gen, þät ..., _it
+was not then long before_ ..., 83; ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymb Grendel,
+_shall from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2071; nô þý ær ût þâ gen ...
+gongan wolde (_still he would not yet go out_), 2082; gen is eall ät þe
+lissa gelong (_yet all my favor belongs to thee_), 2150; þâ gen, _then
+again_, 2678, 2703; swâ he nu gen dêð, _as he still does_, 2860; furður
+gen, _further still, besides_, 3007; nu gen, _now again_, 3169; ne gen, _no
+more, no farther_: ne wäs þät wyrd þâ gen, _that was no more fate_ (fate no
+longer willed that), 735.
+
+gena, _still_: cwico wäs þâ gena, _was still living_, 3094.
+
+genga, w. m., _goer_; in comp. in-, sæ-, sceadu-genga.
+
+gengde. See gân(3).
+
+genge. See ûð-genge.
+
+genunga (from gegnunga), adv., _precisely, completely_, 2872.
+
+gerwan, gyrwan, w. v.: 1) _to prepare, to make ready, to put in condition_:
+pret. pl. gestsele gyredon, 995.--2) _to equip, to arm for battle_: pret.
+sg. gyrede hine Beówulf eorl-gewædum (_dressed himself in the armor_),
+1442.
+
+ge-gyrwan: 1) _to make, to prepare_: pret. pl. him þâ gegiredan Geáta leóde
+âd ... unwâclîcne, 3138; pret. part. glôf ... eall gegyrwed deófles cräftum
+and dracan fellum, 2088.--2) _to fit out, to make ready_: inf. ceól
+gegyrwan hilde-wæpnum and heaðowædum, 38; hêt him ýðlidan gôdne gegyrwan,
+_had (his) good ship fitted up for him_, 199. Also, _to provide warlike
+equipment_: pret. part. syððan he hine tô gûðe gegyred häfde, 1473.--3) _to
+endow, to provide, to adorn_: pret. part. nom. sg. beado-hrägl ... golde
+gegyrwed, 553; acc. sg. lâfe ... golde gegyrede, 2193; acc. pl. mâdmas ...
+golde gegyrede, 1029.
+
+getan, w. v., _to injure, to slay_: inf., 2941.
+
+be-gête, adj., _attainable_; in comp. êð-begête.
+
+geador, adv., _unitedly, together, jointly_, 836; geador ätsomne, 491.
+
+on-geador, adv., _unitedly, together_, 1596.
+
+gealdor, st. n.: 1) _sound_: acc. sg. býman gealdor, 2944.--2) _magic song,
+incantation, spell_: instr. sg. þonne wäs þät yrfe ... galdre bewunden
+(_placed under a spell_), 3053.
+
+gealga, w. m., _gallows_: dat. sg. þät his byre rîde giong on galgan, 2447.
+
+gealg-môd, adj., _gloomy_: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd, 1278.
+
+gealg-treów, st. n., _gallows_: dat. pl. on galg-treówu[m], 2941.
+
+geard, st. m., _residence_; in Beówulf corresponding to the house-complex
+of a prince's residence, used only in the plur.: acc. in geardas (_in
+Finn's castle_), 1135; dat. in geardum, 13, 2460; of geardum, 1139; ær he
+on weg hwurfe ... of geardum, _before he went away from his
+dwelling-place_, i.e. died, 265.--Comp. middan-geard.
+
+gearo, adj., properly, _made, prepared_; hence, _ready, finished,
+equipped_: nom. sg. þät hit wearð eal gearo, heal-ärna mæst, 77; wiht
+unhælo ... gearo sôna wäs, _the demon of destruction was quickly ready, did
+not delay long_, 121; Here-Scyldinga betst beadorinca wäs on bæl gearu,
+_was ready for the funeral-pile_ (for the solemn burning), 1110; þeód (is)
+eal gearo, _the warriors are altogether ready, always prepared_, 1231;
+hraðe wäs ät holme hýð-weard gearo (geara, MS.), 1915; gearo gûð-freca,
+2415; sîe sió bær gearo ädre geäfned, _let the bier be made ready at once_,
+3106. With gen.: gearo gyrnwräce, _ready for revenge for harm done_, 2119,
+acc. sg. gearwe stôwe, 1007; nom. pl. beornas gearwe, 211; similarly, 1814.
+
+gearwe, gearo, geare, adv., _completely, entirely_: ne ge ... gearwe ne
+wisson, _you do not know at all_ ..., 246; similarly, 879; hine gearwe
+geman witena welhwyle (_remembers him very well_), 265; wisse he gearwe þät
+..., _he knew very well that_ ..., 2340, 2726; þät ic ... gearo sceáwige
+swegle searogimmas (_that I may see the treasures altogether, as many as
+they are_), 2749; ic wât geare þät ..., 2657.--Comp. gearwor, _more
+readily, rather_, 3077.--Superl. gearwost, 716.
+
+gearo-folm, adj., _with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+gearwe, st. f., _equipment, dress_; in comp. feðer-gearwe.
+
+geat, st. n., _opening, door_; in comp. ben-, hilde-geat.
+
+geato-lîc, adj., _well prepared, handsome, splendid_: of sword and armor,
+215, 1563, 2155; of Heorot, 308. Adv.: wîsa fengel geatolîc gengde, _passed
+on in a stately manner_, 1402.
+
+geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment, adornment_: acc. recedes geatwa, _the
+ornaments of the dragon's cave_ (its treasures), 3089.--Comp.: eóred-,
+gryre-, gûð-, hilde-, wîg-geatwe.
+
+geán (from gegn), adv. in
+
+on-geán, adv. and prep., _against, towards_: þät he me ongeán sleá, 682;
+ræhte ongeán feónd mid folme, 748; foran ongeán, _forward towards_, 2365.
+With dat.: ongeán gramum, _against the enemy_, 1035.
+
+tô-geánes, tô-genes, prep, _against, towards_: Grendle tôgeánes, _towards
+Grendel, against Grendel_, 667; grâp þâ tôgeánes, _she grasped at_
+(Beówulf), 1502; similarly, him tôgeánes fêng, 1543; eodon him þâ tôgeánes,
+_went towards him_, 1627; hêt þâ gebeódan ... þät hie bæl-wudu feorran
+feredon gôdum tôgênes, _had it ordered that they should bring the wood from
+far for the funeral-pyre towards the good man_ (i.e. to the place where the
+dead Beówulf lay), 3115.
+
+geáp, adj., _roomy, extensive, wide_: nom. sg. reced ... geáp, _the roomy
+hall_, 1801; acc. sg. under geápne hrôf, 837.--Comp.: horn-, sæ-geáp.
+
+geâr, st. n., _year_: nom. sg., 1135; gen. pl. geâra, in adverbial sense,
+olim, _in former times_, 2665. See un-geâra.
+
+geâr-dagas, st. m. pl., _former days_: dat. pl. in (on) geâr-dagum, 1,
+1355.
+
+geofe. See gifu.
+
+geofon, gifen, gyfen (see Kuhn Zeitschr. I. 137), st. n., _sea, flood_:
+nom. sg. geofon, 515; gifen geótende, _the streaming flood_, 1691; gen. sg.
+geofenes begang, 362; gyfenes, 1395.
+
+geogoð, st. f.: 1) _youth, time of youth_: dat. sg. on geogoðe, 409, 466,
+2513; on giogoðe, 2427; gen. gioguðe, 2113.--2) contrasted with duguð, _the
+younger warriors of lower rank_ (about as in the Middle Ages, the squires
+with the knights): nom. sg. geogoð, 66; giogoð, 1191; acc. sg. geogoðe,
+1182; gen. duguðe and geogoðe, 160; duguðe and iogoðe (geogoðe), 1675, 622.
+
+geoguð-feorh, st. n., _age of youth_, i.e. age in which one still belongs
+in the ranks of the geogoð: on geogoð- (geoguð-) feore, 537, 2665.
+
+geohðo. See gehðo.
+
+geolo, adj., _yellow_: acc. sg. geolwe linde (_the shield of yellow linden
+bark_), 2611.
+
+geolo-rand, st. m., _yellow shield_ (shield with a covering of interlaced
+yellow linden bark): acc. sg., 438.
+
+geond, prep. w. acc., _through, throughout, along, over_: geond þisne
+middangeard, _through the earth, over the earth_, 75; wide geond eorðan,
+266, 3100; fêrdon folctogan ... geond wîd-wegas, _went along the ways
+coming from afar_, 841; similarly, 1705; geond þät säld, _through the hall,
+through the extent of the hall_, 1281; similarly, 1982, 2265.
+
+geong, adj., _young, youthful_: nom. sg., 13, 20, 855, etc.; giong, 2447;
+w. m. se maga geonga, 2676; acc. sg. geongne gûðcyning, 1970; dat. sg.
+geongum, 1949, 2045, 2675, etc.; on swâ geongum feore, _at a so youthful
+age_, 1844; geongan cempan, 2627; acc. pl. geonge, 2019; dat. pl. geongum
+and ealdum, 72.--Superl. gingest, _the last_: nom. sg. w. f. gingeste word,
+2818.
+
+georn, adj., _striving, eager_, w. gen. of the thing striven for: eft sîðes
+georn, 2784.--Comp. lof-georn.
+
+georne, adv., _readily, willingly_: þät him wine-mâgas georne hýrdon, 66;
+georne trûwode, 670.--_zealously, eagerly_: sôhte georne äfter grunde,
+_eagerly searched over the ground_, 2295.--_carefully, industriously_: nô
+ic him þäs georne ätfealh (_held him not fast enough_), 969.--_completely,
+exactly_: comp. wiste þê geornor, 822.
+
+geó, iú, adv., _once, formerly, earlier_, 1477; gió, 2522; iú, 2460.
+
+geóc, st. f., _help, support_: acc. sg. geóce gefremman, 2675; þät him
+gâst-bona geóce gefremede wið þeód-þreáum, 177; geóce gelýfde, _believed in
+the help_ (of Beówulf), 609; dat. sg. tô geóce, 1835.
+
+geócor, adj., _ill, bad_: nom. sg., 766.--See Haupt's Zeitschrift 8, p. 7.
+
+geó-man, iú-man, st. m., _man of former times_: gen. pl. iú-manna, 3053.
+
+geó-meowle, w. f., (_formerly a virgin), wife_: acc. sg. ió-meowlan, 2932.
+
+geômor, adj., _with depressed feelings, sad, troubled_: nom. sg. him wäs
+geômor sefa, 49, 2420, 2633, 2951; môdes geômor, 2101; fem. þät wäs geômuru
+ides, 1076.
+
+geômore, adv., _sadly_, 151.
+
+geômor-gid, st. n., _dirge_: acc. sg. giômor-gyd, 3151.
+
+geômor-lîc, adj., _sad, painful_: swâ bið geômorlîc gomelum ceorle tô
+gebîdanne þät..., _it is painful to an old man to experience it, that ..._,
+2445.
+
+geômor-môd, adj., _sad, sorrowful_: nom. sg., 2045, 3019; giômor-môd, 2268.
+
+geômrian, w. v., _to complain, to lament_: pret. sg. geômrode giddum, 1119.
+
+geó-sceaft, st. f., (_fixed in past times), fate_: acc. sg. geósceaft
+grimme, 1235.
+
+geósceaft-gâst, st. m., _demon sent by fate_: gen. pl. fela
+geósceaft-gâsta, of Grendel and his race, 1267.
+
+geótan, st. v. intrans., _to pour, to flow, to stream_: pres. part. gifen
+geótende, 1691.
+
+gicel, st. m., _icicle_: in comp. hilde-gicel.
+
+gid, gyd, st. n., _speech, solemn alliterative song_: nom. sg. þær wäs ...
+gid oft wrecen, 1066; leóð wäs âsungen, gleómannes gyd, _the song was sung,
+the gleeman's lay_, 1161; þær wäs gidd and gleó, 2106; acc. sg. ic þis gid
+âwräc, 1724; gyd âwräc, 2109; gyd äfter wräc, 2155; þonne he gyd wrece,
+2447; dat. pl. giddum, 151, 1119; gen. pl. gidda gemyndig, 869.--Comp.:
+geômor-, word-gid.
+
+giddian, w. v., _to speak, to speak in alliteration_: pret. gyddode, 631.
+
+gif, conj.: 1) _if_, w. ind., 442, 447, 527, 662, etc.; gyf, 945, etc. With
+subj., 452, 594, 1482, etc.; gyf, 280, 1105, etc.--2) _whether_, w. ind.,
+272; w. subj., 1141, 1320.
+
+gifa, geofa, w. m., _giver_; in comp. gold-, sinc-, wil-gifa (-geofa).
+
+gifan, st. v., _to give_: inf. giofan, 2973; pret. sg. nallas beágas geaf
+Denum, 1720; he me [mâðmas] geaf, 2147; and similarly, 2174, 2432, 2624,
+etc.; pret. pl. geâfon (hyne) on gârsecg, 49; pret. part. þâ wäs Hrôðgâre
+here-spêd gyfen, 64; þâ wäs gylden hilt gamelum rince ... on hand gyfen,
+1679; syððan ærest wearð gyfen ... geongum cempan (_given in marriage_),
+1949.
+
+â-gifan, _to give, to impart_: inf. andsware ... âgifan, _to give an
+answer_, 355; pret. sg. sôna him se frôda fäder Ôhtheres ... ondslyht âgeaf
+(_gave him a counter-blow_), (_hand-blow_?), 2930.
+
+for-gyfan, _to give, to grant_: pret. sg. him þäs lîf-freá ... worold-âre
+forgeaf, 17; þäm tô hâm forgeaf Hrêðel Geáta ângan dôhtor (_gave in
+marriage_), 374; similarly, 2998; he me lond forgeaf, _granted me land_,
+2493; similarly, 697, 1021, 2607, 2617; mägen-ræs forgeaf hilde-bille, _he
+gave with his battle-sword a mighty blow_, i.e. he struck with full force,
+1520.
+
+of-gifan, (_to give up_), _to leave_: inf. þät se mæra maga Ecgþeówes
+grund-wong þone ofgyfan wolde (_was fated to leave the earth-plain_), 2589;
+pret. sg. þâs worold ofgeaf gromheort guma, 1682; similarly, gumdreám
+ofgeaf, 2470; Dena land ofgeaf, 1905; pret. pl. näs ofgeâfon hwate
+Scyldingas, _left the promontory_, 1601; þät þâ hildlatan holt ofgêfan,
+_that the cowards left the wood_ (into which they had fled), 2847; sg.
+pret. for pl. þâra þe þis [lîf] ofgeaf, 2252.
+
+gifeðe, adj., _given, granted_: Gûðfremmendra swylcum gifeðe bið þät...,
+_to such a warrior is it granted that_..., 299; similarly, 2682; swâ me
+gifeðe wäs, 2492; þær me gifeðe swâ ænig yrfeweard äfter wurde, _if an
+heir_, (living) _after me, had been given me_, 2731.--Neut. as subst.: wäs
+þät gifeðe tô swîð, þe þone [þeóden] þyder ontyhte, _the fate was too harsh
+that has drawn hither the king_, 3086; gyfeðe, 555, 820.--Comp. un-gifeðe.
+
+gif-heal, st. f., _hall in which fiefs were bestowed, throne-hall_: acc.
+sg. ymb þâ gifhealle, 839.
+
+gif-sceat, st. m., _gift of value_: acc. pl. gif-sceattas, 378.
+
+gif-stôl, st. m., _seat from which fiefs are granted, throne_: nom. sg.,
+2328; acc. sg., 168.
+
+gift, st. f., _gift, present_: in comp. feoh-gift.
+
+gifu, geofu, st. f., _gift, present, grant; fief_: nom. sg. gifu, 1885 acc.
+sg. gimfäste gife þe him god sealde, _the great gift that God had granted
+him_ (i.e. the enormous strength), 1272; ginfästan gife þe him god sealde,
+2183; dat. pl. (as instr.) geofum, 1959; gen. pl. gifa, 1931; geofena,
+1174.--Comp.: mâððum-, sinc-gifu.
+
+gigant, st. m., _giant_: nom. pl. gigantas, 113; gen. pl. giganta, 1563,
+1691.
+
+gild, gyld, st. n., _reparation_: in comp. wiðer-gyld(?).
+
+gildan, gyldan, st. v., _to do something in return, to repay, to reward, to
+pay_: inf. gomban gyldan, _pay tribute_, 11; he mid gôde gyldan wille
+uncran eaferan, 1185; we him þâ gûðgeatwa gyldan woldon, 2637; pret. sg.
+heaðoræsas geald mearum and mâðmum, _repaid the battles with horses and
+treasures_, 1048; similarly, 2492; geald þone gûðræs ... Jofore and Wulfe
+mid ofermâðmum, _repaid Eofor and Wulf the battle with exceedingly great
+treasures_, 2992.
+
+an-gildan, _to pay for_: pret. sg. sum sâre angeald æfenräste, _one_
+(Äschere) _paid for the evening-rest with death's pain_, 1252.
+
+â-gildan, _to offer one's self_: pret. sg. þâ me sæl âgeald, _when the
+favorable opportunity offered itself_, 1666; similarly, þâ him rûm âgeald,
+2691.
+
+for-gildan, _to repay, to do something in return, to reward_: pres. subj.
+sg. III. alwalda þec gôde forgylde, _may the ruler of all reward thee with
+good_, 957; inf. þone ænne hêht golde forgyldan, _he ordered that the one_
+(killed by Grendel) _be paid for_ (atoned for) _with gold_, 1055; he ...
+wolde Grendle for-gyldan gûðræsa fela, _wished to pay Grendel for many
+attacks_, 1578; wolde se lâða lîge forgyldan drinc-fät dýre, _the enemy
+wished to repay with fire the costly drinking vessel_ (the theft of it),
+2306; pret. sg. he him þäs leán forgeald, _he gave them the reward
+therefore_, 114; similarly, 1542, 1585, 2095; forgeald hraðe wyrsan wrixle
+wälhlem þone, _repaid the murderous blow with a worse exchange_, 2969.
+
+gilp, gylp, st. m., _speech in which one promises great things for himself
+in a coming combat, defiant speech, boasting speech_: acc. sg. häfde ...
+Geát-mecga leód gilp gelæsted (_had fulfilled what he had claimed for
+himself before the battle_), 830; nallas on gylp seleð fätte beágas, _gives
+no chased gold rings for a boastful speech_, 1750; þät ic wið þone
+gûðflogan gylp ofersitte, _restrain myself from the speech of defiance_,
+2529; dat. sg. gylpe wiðgrîpan (_fulfil my promise of battle_),
+2522.--Comp. dol-gilp.
+
+gilpan, gylpan, st. v. w. gen., acc., and dat., _to make a defiant speech,
+to boast, to exult insolently_: pres. sg. I. nô ic þäs gilpe (after a break
+in the text), 587; sg. III. morðres gylpeð, _boasts of the murder_, 2056;
+inf. swâ ne gylpan þearf Grendles maga ænig ... uhthlem þone, 2007; nealles
+folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte, _had no need to boast of his
+fellow-warrior_, 2875; pret. sg. hrêðsigora ne gealp goldwine Geáta, _did
+not exult at the glorious victory_ (could not gain the victory over the
+drake), 2584.
+
+gilp-cwide, st. m., _speech in which a man promises much for himself for a
+coming combat, speech of defiance_: nom. sg., 641.
+
+gilp-hläden, pret. part., _laden with boasts of defiance_ (i.e. he who has
+made many such boasts, and consequently has been victorious in many
+combats), _covered with glory_: nom. sg. guma gilp-hläden, 869.
+
+gilp-spræc, same as gilp-cwide, _speech of defiance, boastful speech_: dat.
+sg. on gylp-spræce, 982.
+
+gilp-word, st. n., _defiant word before the coming combat, vaunting word_:
+gen. pl. gespräc ... gylp-worda sum, 676.
+
+gim, st. m., _gem, precious stone, jewel_: nom. sg. heofones gim, _heaven's
+jewel_, i.e. the sun, 2073. Comp. searo-gim.
+
+gimme-rîce, adj., _rich in jewels_: acc. sg. gimme-rîce hord-burh häleða,
+466.
+
+gin (according to Bout., ginne), adj., properly _gaping_, hence, _wide,
+extended_: acc. sg. gynne grund (_the bottom of the sea_), 1552.
+
+gin-fäst, adj., _extensive, rich_: acc. sg. gim-fäste gife (gim-, on
+account of the following _f_), 1272; in weak form, gin-fästan gife, 2183.
+
+ginnan, st. v., original meaning, _to be open, ready_; in
+
+on-ginnan, _to begin, to undertake_: pret. ôð þät ân ongan fyrene fremman
+feónd on helle, 100; secg eft ongan sîð Beówulfes snyttrum styrian, 872; þâ
+þät sweord ongan ... wanian, _the sword began to diminish_, 1606; Higelâc
+ongan sînne geseldan ... fägre fricgean, _began with propriety to question
+his companion_, 1984, etc.; ongon, 2791; pret. pl. nô her cûðlîcor cuman
+ongunnon lindhäbbende, _no shield-bearing men e'er undertook more openly to
+come hither_, 244; pret. part. häbbe ic mærða fela ongunnen on geogoðe,
+_have in my youth undertaken many deeds of renown_, 409.
+
+gist. See gäst.
+
+gistran, adv., _yesterday_: gystran niht, _yesterday night_, 1335.
+
+git, pron., _ye two_, dual of þu, 508, 512, 513, etc.
+
+git, gyt, adv., _yet; then still_, 536, 1128, 1165, 2142; _hitherto_, 957;
+næfre git, _never yet_, 583; _still_, 945, 1059, 1135; _once more_, 2513;
+_moreover_, 47, 1051, 1867.
+
+gitan (original meaning, _to take hold of, to seize, to attain_), in
+
+be-gitan, w. acc., _to grasp, to seize, to reach_: pret. sg. begeat, 1147,
+2231; þâ hine wîg beget, _when war seized him, came upon him_, 2873;
+similarly, begeat, 1069; pret. pl. hit ær on þe gôde be-geâton, _good men
+received it formerly from thee_, 2250; subj. sg. for pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre
+hreówa tornost þâra þe leódfruman lange begeâte, _the bitterest of the
+troubles that for a long time had befallen the people's chief_, 2131.
+
+for-gitan, w. acc., _to forget_: pres. sg. III. he þâ forðgesceaft forgyteð
+and forgýmeð, 1752.
+
+an-gitan, on-gitan, w. acc.: 1) _to take hold of, to grasp_: imp. sg.
+gumcyste ongit, _lay hold of manly virtue, of what becomes the man_, 1724;
+pret. sg. þe hine se brôga angeat, _whom terror seized_, 1292.--2) _to
+grasp intellectually, to comprehend, to perceive, to distinguish, to
+behold_: pres. subj. I. þät ic ærwelan ... ongite, _that I may behold the
+ancient wealth_ (the treasures of the drake's cave), 2749; inf. säl timbred
+... ongytan, 308, 1497; Geáta clifu ongitan, 1912; pret. sg. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, _had perceived their distress from hostile snares_, 14; ongeat ...
+grund-wyrgenne, _beheld the she-wolf of the bottom_, 1519; pret. pl.
+bearhtm ongeâton, gûðhorn galan, _perceived the noise_, (heard) _the
+battle-trumpet sound_, 1432; syððan hie Hygelâces horn and býman gealdor
+ongeâton, 2945.
+
+gîfre, adj., _greedy, eager_: nom. sg. gîfre and galgmôd, of Grendel's
+mother, 1278.--Superl.: lîg..., gæsta gîfrost, 1124.--Comp. heoro-gîfre.
+
+gîtsian, w. v., _to be greedy_: pres. sg. III. gýtsað, 1750.
+
+gio-, gió-. See geo-, geó-.
+
+gladian, w. v., _to gleam, to shimmer_: pres. pl. III. on him gladiað
+gomelra lâfe, _upon him gleams the legacy of the men of ancient times_
+(armor), 2037.
+
+gläd, adj., _gracious, friendly_ (as a form of address for princes): nom.
+sg. beó wið Geátas gläd, 1174; acc. sg. glädne Hrôðgâr, 864; glädne
+Hrôðulf, 1182; dat. sg. gladum suna Frôdan, 2026.
+
+gläde, adv., _in a gracious, friendly way_, 58.
+
+glädnian, w. v., _to rejoice_: inf. w. gen., 367.
+
+gläd-môd, adj., _joyous, glad_, 1786.
+
+glêd, st. f., _fire, flame_: nom. sg., 2653, 3115; dat. (instr.) pl.
+glêdum, 2313, 2336, 2678, 3042.
+
+glêd-egesa, w. m., _terror on account of fire, fire-terror_: nom. sg.
+glêd-egesa grim (_the fire-spewing of the drake_), 2651.
+
+gleáw (Goth, glaggwu-s), adj., _considerate, well-bred_, of social conduct;
+in comp. un-gleáw.
+
+gleó, st. n., _social entertainment_, (especially by music, play, and
+jest): nom. sg. þær wäs gidd and gleó, 2106.
+
+gleó-beám, st. m., _(tree of social entertainment, of music), harp._ gen.
+sg. gleó-beámes, 2264.
+
+gleó-dreám, st. _m., joyous carrying-on in social entertainment, mirth,
+social gaiety_: acc. sg. gamen and gleó-dreám, 3022.
+
+gleó-man, m., _(gleeman, who enlivens the social entertainment, especially
+with music), harper_: gen. sg. gleómannes gyd, 1161.
+
+glitinian (O.H.G. glizinôn), w. v., _to gleam, to light, to glitter_: inf.
+geseah þâ ... gold glitinian, 2759.
+
+glîdan, st. v., _to glide_: pret. sg. syððan heofones gim glâd ofer
+grundas, _after heaven's gem had glided over the fields_ (after the sun had
+set), 2074; pret. pl. glidon ofer gârsecg, _you glided over the ocean_
+(swimming), 515.
+
+tô-glîdan _(to glide asunder), to separate, to fall asunder_: pret.
+gûð-helm tô-glâd (Ongenþeów's helmet was split asunder by the blow of
+Eofor), 2488.
+
+glôf, st. f., _glove_: nom. sg. glôf hangode, (on Grendel) _a glove hung_,
+2086.
+
+gneáð, adj., _niggardly_: nom. sg. f. näs hió ... tô gneáð gifa Geáta
+leódum, _was not too niggardly with gifts to the people of the Geátas_,
+1931.
+
+gnorn, st. m., _sorrow, sadness_: acc. sg. gnorn þrowian, 2659.
+
+gnornian, w. v., _to be sad, to complain_: pret. sg. earme ... ides
+gnornode, 1118.
+
+be-gnornian, w. acc., _to bemoan, to mourn for_: pret. pl. begnornodon ...
+hlâfordes [hry]re, _bemoaned their lord's fall_, 3180.
+
+god, st. m., _god_: nom. sg., 13, 72, 478, etc.; hâlig god, 381, 1554;
+witig god, 686; mihtig god, 702; acc. sg. god, 812; ne wiston hie drihten
+god, _did not know the Lord God_, 181; dat. sg. gode, 113, 227, 626, etc.;
+gen. sg. godes, 570, 712, 787, etc.
+
+gold, st. n., _gold_: nom. sg., 3013, 3053; icge gold, 1108; wunden gold,
+_wound gold, gold in ring-form_, 1194, 3136; acc. sg. gold, 2537, 2759,
+2794, 3169; hæðen gold, _heathen gold_ (that from the drake's cave), 2277;
+brâd gold, _massive gold_, 3106; dat. instr. sg. golde, 1055, 2932, 3019;
+fättan golde, _with chased gold, with gold in plate-form_, 2103; gehroden
+golde, _covered with gold, gilded_, 304; golde gegyrwed (gegyrede),
+_provided with, ornamented with gold_, 553, 1029, 2193; golde geregnad,
+_adorned with gold_, 778; golde fâhne (hrôf), _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; bunden golde, _bound with gold_ (see under bindan), 1901; hyrsted
+golde (helm), _the helmet ornamented with, mounted with gold_, 2256; gen.
+sg. goldes, 2302; fättan goldes, 1094, 2247; scîran goldes, _of pure gold_,
+1695. --Comp. fät-gold.
+
+gold-æht, st. f., _possessions in gold, treasure_: acc. sg., 2749.
+
+gold-fâh, adj., _variegated with gold, shining with gold_: nom. sg. reced
+... gold-fâh, 1801; acc. sg. gold-fâhne helm, 2812; nom. pl. gold-fâg
+scinon web äfter wagum, _variegated with gold, the tapestry gleamed along
+the walls_, 995.
+
+gold-gifa, w. m., _gold-giver_, designation of the prince: acc. sg. mid
+mînne goldgyfan, 2653.
+
+gold-hroden, pret. part., _(covered with gold), ornamented with gold_: nom.
+sg., 615, 641, 1949, 2026; epithet of women of princely rank.
+
+gold-hwät, adj., _striving after gold, greedy for gold_: näs he goldhwät,
+_he_ (Beówulf) _was not greedy for gold_ (he did not fight against the
+drake for his treasure, cf. 3067 ff.) 3075.
+
+gold-mâðm, st. m., _jewel of gold_: acc. pl. gold-mâðmas (the treasures of
+the drake's cave), 2415.
+
+gold-sele, st. m., _gold-hall_, i.e. the hall in which the gold was
+distributed, ruler's hall: acc. sg., 716, 1254; dat. sg. gold-sele, 1640,
+2084.
+
+gold-weard, st. m., _gold-ward, defender of the gold_: acc. sg. (of the
+drake), 3082.
+
+gold-wine, st. m., _friend who distributes gold_, i.e. ruler, prince: nom.
+sg. (partly as voc.) goldwine gumena, 1172, 1477, 1603; goldwine Geáta,
+2420, 2585.
+
+gold-wlanc, adj., _proud of gold_: nom. sg. gûðrinc goldwlanc (Beówulf
+rewarded with gold by Hrôðgâr on account of his victory), 1882.
+
+gomban, gomel, gomen. See gamban, gamal, gamen.
+
+gong, gongan. See gang, gangan.
+
+gôd, adj., _good, fit_, of persons and things: nom. sg., 11, 195, 864,
+2264, 2391, etc.; frôd and gôd, 279; w. dat. cyning äðelum gôd, _the king
+noble in birth_, 1871; gumcystum gôd, 2544; w. gen. wes þu ûs lârena gôd,
+_be good to us with teaching_ (help us thereto through thy instruction),
+269; in weak form, se gôda, 205, 355, 676, 1191, etc.; acc. sg. gôdne, 199,
+347, 1596, 1970, etc.; gumcystum gôdne, 1487; neut. gôd, 1563; dat. sg.
+gôdum, 3037, 3115; þäm gôdan, 384, 2328; nom. pl. gôde, 2250; þâ gôdan,
+1164; acc. pl. gôde, 2642; dat. pl. gôdum dædum, 2179; gen. pl. gôdra
+gûðrinca, 2649.--Comp. ær-gôd.
+
+gôd, st. n.: 1) _good that is done, benefit, gift_: instr. sg. gôde, 20,
+957, 1185; gôde mære, _renowned on account of her gifts_ (Þryðo), 1953;
+instr. pl. gôdum, 1862.--2) _ability_, especially in fight: gen. pl. nât he
+þâra gôda, 682.
+
+gram, adj., _hostile_: gen. sg. on grames grâpum, _in the gripe of the
+enemy_ (Beówulf), 766; nom. pl. þâ graman, 778; dat. pl. gramum, 424, 1035.
+
+gram-heort, adj., _of a hostile heart, hostile_: nom. sg. grom-heort guma,
+1683.
+
+gram-hydig, adj., _with hostile feeling, maliciously inclined_: nom. sg.
+gromhydig, 1750.
+
+grâp, st. f., _the hand ready to grasp, hand, claw_: dat. sg. mid grâpe,
+438; on grâpe, 555; gen. sg. eal ... Grendles grâpe, _all of Grendel's
+claw, the whole claw_, 837; dat. pl. on grames grâpum, 766; (as instr.)
+grimman grâpum, _with grim claws_, 1543.--Comp.: feónd-, hilde-grâp.
+
+grâpian, w. v., _to grasp, to lay hold of, to seize_: pret. sg. þät hire
+wið halse heard grâpode, _that_ (the sword) _griped hard at her neck_,
+1567; he ... grâpode gearofolm, _he took hold with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+gräs-molde, w. f., _grass-plot_: acc. sg. gräsmoldan träd, _went over the
+grass-plot_, 1882.
+
+grædig, adj., _greedy, hungry, voracious_: nom. sg. grim and grædig, 121,
+1500; acc. sg. grædig gûðleóð, 1523.
+
+græg, adj., _gray_: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg, _the ashen wood, gray
+above_ (the spears with iron points) 330; acc. pl. græge syrcan, _gray_
+(i.e. iron) _shirts of mail_, 334.
+
+græg-mæl, adj., _having a gray color_, here = _iron_: nom. sg. sweord
+Beówulfes gomol and grægmæl, 2683.
+
+græpe. See ät-græpe.
+
+grêtan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute_: inf. hine swâ gôdne
+grêtan, 347; Hrôðgâr grêtan, 1647, 2011; eówic grêtan hêt (_bade me bring
+you his last greeting_), 3096; pret. sg. grêtte Geáta leód, 626; grêtte þâ
+guma ôðerne, 653; Hrôðgâr grêtte, 1817.-- 2) _to come on, to come near, to
+seek out; to touch; to take hold of_: inf. gifstôl grêtan, _take possession
+of the throne, mount it as ruler_, 168; näs se folccyning ænig ... þe mec
+gûðwinum grêtan dorste (_attack with swords_), 2736; Wyrd ... se þone
+gomelan grêtan sceolde, 2422; þät þone sin-scaðan gûðbilla nân grêtan
+nolde, _that no sword would take hold upon the irreconcilable enemy_, 804;
+pret. sg. grêtte goldhroden guman on healle, _the gold-adorned_ (queen)
+_greeted the men in the hall_, 615; nô he mid hearme ... gästas grêtte,
+_did not approach the strangers with insults_, 1894; gomenwudu grêtte,
+_touched the wood of joy, played the harp_, 2109; pret. subj. II. sg. þät
+þu þone wälgæst wihte ne grêtte, _that thou shouldst by no means seek out
+the murderous spirit_ (Grendel), 1996; similarly, sg. III. þät he ne grêtte
+goldweard þone, 3082; pret. part. þær wäs ... gomenwudu grêted, 1066.
+
+ge-grêtan, w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute, to address_: pret. sg. holdne
+gegrêtte meaglum wordum, _greeted the dear man with formal words_, 1981;
+gegrêtte þâ gumena gehwylcne ... hindeman siðe, _spoke then the last time
+to each of the men_, 2517.--2) _to approach, to come near, to seek out_:
+inf. sceal ... manig ôðerne gôdum gegrêtan ofer ganotes bäð, _many a one
+will seek another across the sea with gifts_, 1862.
+
+greót, st. m., _grit, sand, earth_: dat. sg. on greóte, 3169.
+
+greótan, st. v., _to weep, to mourn, to lament_: pres. sg. III. se þe äfter
+sincgyfan on sefan greóteð, _who laments in his heart for the
+treasure-giver_, 1343.
+
+grim, adj., _grim, angry, wild, hostile_: nom. sg., 121, 555, 1500, etc.;
+weak form, se grimma gäst, 102; acc. sg. m. grimne, 1149, 2137; fem,
+grimme, 1235; gen. sg. grimre gûðe, 527; instr. pl. grimman grâpum,
+1543.--Comp.: beado-, heaðo-, heoro-, searo-grim.
+
+grimme, adv., _grimly, in a hostile manner, bitterly_, 3013, 3086.
+
+grim-lîc, adj., _grim, terrible_: nom. sg. grimlîc gry[re-gäst], 3042.
+
+grimman, st. v., (properly _to snort_), _to go forward hastily, to hasten_:
+pret. pl. grummon, 306.
+
+grindan, st. v., _to grind_, in
+
+for-grindan, _to destroy, to ruin_: pret. sg. w. dat. forgrand gramum,
+_destroyed the enemy, killed them_ (?), 424; pret. part. w. acc. häfde
+lîgdraca leóda fästen ... glêdum forgrunden, _had with flames destroyed the
+people's feasts_, 2336; þâ his âgen (scyld) wäs glêdum forgrunden, _since
+his own (shield) had been destroyed by the fire_, 2678.
+
+gripe, st. m., _gripe, attack_: nom. sg. gripe mêces, 1766; acc. sg. grimne
+gripe, 1149.--Comp.: fær-, mund-, nîð-gripe.
+
+grîma, w. m., _mask, visor_: in comp. beado-, here-grîma.
+
+grîm-helm, st. m., _mask-helmet, helmet with visor_: acc. pl. grîm-helmas,
+334.
+
+grîpan, st. v., _to gripe, to seize, to grasp_: pret. sg. grâp þâ tôgeánes,
+_then she caught at_, 1502.
+
+for-grîpan _(to gripe vehemently), to gripe so as to kill, to kill by the
+grasp_, w. dat.: pret. sg. ät gûðe forgrâp Grendeles mægum, 2354.
+wið-grîpan, w. dat., _(to seize at), to maintain, to hold erect_: inf. hû
+wið þam aglæcean elles meahte gylpe wið-grîpan, _how else I might maintain
+my boast of battle against the monster_, 2522.
+
+grôwan, st. v., _to grow, to sprout_: pret. sg. him on ferhðe greów
+breósthord blôdreów, 1719.
+
+grund, st. m.: 1) _ground, plain, fields_ in contrast with highlands;
+_earth_ in contrast with heaven: dat. sg. sôhte ... äfter grunde, _sought
+along the ground_, 2295; acc. pl. ofer grundas, 1405, 2074.--2) _bottom,
+the lowest part_: acc. sg. grund (of the sea of Grendel), 1368; on gyfenes
+grund, 1395; under gynne grund (_bottom of the sea_) 1552; dat. sg. tô
+grunde (of the sea), 553; grunde (of the drake's cave) getenge, 2759; so,
+on grunde, 2766.--Comp.: eormen-, mere-, sæ-grund.
+
+grund-bûend, pres. part., _inhabitant of the earth_: gen. pl.
+grund-bûendra, 1007.
+
+grund-hyrde, st. m., _warder of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg. (of
+Grendel's mother), 2137.
+
+grund-sele, st. m., _hall at the bottom_ (of the sea): dat sg. in þam
+[grund]sele, 2140.
+
+grund-wang, st. m., _ground surface, lowest surface_: acc. sg. þone
+grund-wong (_bottom of the sea_), 1497; (bottom of the drake's cave), 2772,
+2589.
+
+grund-wyrgen, st. f., _she-wolf of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg.
+grund-wyrgenne (Grendel's mother), 1519.
+
+gryn (cf. Gloss. Aldh. "retinaculum, rete grin," Hpts. Ztschr. IX. 429),
+st. n., _net, noose, snare_: gen. pl. fela ... grynna, 931. See gyrn.
+
+gryre, st. m., _horror, terror, anything causing terror_: nom. sg., 1283;
+acc. sg. wið Grendles gryre, 384; hie Wyrd forsweóp on Grendles gryre,
+_snatched them away into the horror of Grendel, to the horrible Grendel_,
+478; dat. pl. mid gryrum ecga, 483; gen. pl. swâ fela gryra, 592.--Comp.:
+fær-, wîg-gryre.
+
+gryre-brôga, w. m., _terror and horror, amazement_: nom. sg.
+[gryre-]br[ô]g[a], 2229.
+
+gryre-fâh, adj., _gleaming terribly_: acc. sg. gryre-fâhne (_the
+fire-spewing drake_, cf. also [draca] fýrwylmum fâh, 2672), 2577.
+
+gryre-gäst, st. m., _terror-guest, stranger causing terror_: nom. sg.
+grimlîc gry[regäst], 3042; dat. sg. wið þam gryregieste (the dragon), 2561.
+
+gryre-geatwe, st. f. pl., _terror-armor, warlike equipment_: dat. pl. in
+hyra gryre-geatwum, 324.
+
+gryre-leóð, st. n., _terror-song, fearful song_: acc. sg. gehýrdon
+gryreleóð galan godes and-sacan (_heard Grendel's cry of agony_), 787.
+
+gryre-lîc, adj., _terrible, horrible_: acc. sg. gryre-lîcne, 1442, 2137.
+
+gryre-sîð, st. m., _way of terror, way causing terror_, i.e. warlike
+expedition: acc. pl. se þe gryre-sîðas gegân dorste, 1463.
+
+guma, w. m., _man, human being_: nom. sg., 653, 869, etc.; acc. sg. guman,
+1844, 2295; dat. sg. guman (gumum, MS.), 2822; nom pl. guman, 215, 306,
+667, etc.; acc. pl. guman, 615; dat. pl. gumum, 127, 321; gen. pl. gumena,
+73, 328, 474, 716, etc.--Comp.: driht-, seld-guma.
+
+gum-cyn, st. n., _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. we synt gumcynnes
+Geáta leóde, _people from the nation of the Geátas_, 260; dat. pl. äfter
+gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
+
+gum-cyst, st. f., _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl.)
+gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv., _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
+gôdne beága bryttan, 1487; gumcystum gôd ... hilde-hlemma (Beówulf), 2544.
+
+gum-dreám, st. m., _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-dreám ofgeaf
+(died), 2470.
+
+gum-dryhten, st. m., _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
+
+gum-fêða, w. m., _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg., 1402.
+
+gum-man, st. m., _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
+
+gum-stôl, st. m., _man's seat_ [Greek: kat'ezochæn] _ruler's seat, throne_:
+dat. sg. in gumstôle, 1953.
+
+gûð, st. f., _combat, battle_: nom. sg., 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
+gûðe, 604; instr. sg. gûðe, 1998; dat. sg. tô (ät) gûðe, 438, 1473. 1536,
+2354, etc.; gen. sg. gûðe, 483, 527, 631, etc.; dat. pl. gûðum, 1959, 2179;
+gen. pl. gûða, 2513, 2544.
+
+gûð-beorn, st. m., _warrior_: gen. pl. gûð-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
+the Danish coast_), 314.
+
+gûð-bil, st. n., _battle-bill_: nom. sg. gûðbill, 2585; gen. pl. gûð-billa
+nân, 804.
+
+gûð-byrne, w. f., _battle-corselet_: nom. sg., 321.
+
+gûð-cearu, st. f., _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. äfter
+gûð-ceare, 1259.
+
+gûð-cräft, st. m., _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
+gûð-cräft, 127.
+
+gûð-cyning, st. m., _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg.,
+199, 1970, 2336, etc.
+
+gûð-deáð, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 2250.
+
+gûð-floga, w. m., _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wið þone gûðflogan (the
+drake), 2529.
+
+gûð-freca, w. m., _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
+gûð-freca, of the drake, 2415.
+
+gûð-fremmend, pres. part., _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
+gûð-fremmendra, 246; gûð- (gôd-, MS.) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
+(meaning Beówulf), 299.
+
+gûð-gewæde, st. n., _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gûð-gewædo, 227; acc.
+pl. -gewædu, 2618, 2631(?), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewæda, 2624.
+
+gûð-geweorc, st. n., _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl., -geweorca, 679,
+982, 1826.
+
+gûð-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for combat_: acc. þâ gûð-geatwa
+(-getawa, MS.), 2637; dat. in eówrum gûð-geatawum, 395.
+
+gûð-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet_: nom. sg., 2488.
+
+gûð-horn, st. n., _battle-horn_: acc. sg., 1433.
+
+gûð-hrêð, st. f., _battle-fame_: nom. sg., 820.
+
+gûð-leóð, st. n., _battle-song_: acc., sg., 1523.
+
+gûð-môd, adj., _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
+pl. gûð-môde, 306.
+
+gûð-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg., 2992; gen. pl.
+gûð-ræsa, 1578, 2427.
+
+gûð-reów, adj., _fierce in battle_: nom. sg., 58.
+
+gûð-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 839, 1119,
+1882; acc. sg., 1502; gen. pl. gûð-rinca, 2649.
+
+gûð-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gûð-sceaða, w. m., _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg., of the drake,
+2319.
+
+gûð-scearu, st. f., _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. äfter gûð-sceare,
+1214.
+
+gûð-sele, st. m., _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
+sg. in þäm gûðsele (in Heorot), 443.
+
+gûð-searo, st. n. pl., _battle-equipment, armor_; acc., 215, 328.
+
+gûð-sweord, st. n., _battle-sword_: acc. sg., 2155.
+
+gûð-wêrig, adj., _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gûð-wêrigne Grendel,
+1587.
+
+gûð-wine, st. m., _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
+sword: acc. sg., 1811; instr. pl. þe mec gûð-winum grêtan dorste, _who
+dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
+
+gûð-wîga, w. m., _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg., 2112.
+
+gyd. See gid.
+
+gyfan. See gifan.
+
+gyldan. See gildan.
+
+gylden, adj., _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
+gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum beáge,
+1164.--Comp. eal-gylden.
+
+gylp. See gilp.
+
+gyrdan, w. v., _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
+girt warrior_, 2079.
+
+gyrn, st. n., _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg., 1776.
+
+gyrn-wracu, st. f., _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. tô gyrn-wräce, 1139; gen.
+sg. þâ wäs eft hraðe gearo gyrn-wräce Grendeles môdor, _then was Grendel's
+mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
+
+gyrwan. See gerwan.
+
+gystran. See gistran.
+
+gýman, w. v. w. gen., _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
+gýmeð, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhyda ne gým! _do not study arrogance_
+(despise it), 1761.
+
+for-gýman, w. acc., _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. he þâ
+forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgýmeð, 1752.
+
+gýtsian. See gîtsian.
+
+gyt. See git.
+
+
+H
+
+habban, w. v., _to have_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. I. þäs ic wên häbbe (_as I
+hope_), 383; þe ic geweald häbbe, 951; ic me on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
+on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þu nu [friðu]
+hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbað we ... micel ærende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
+þät he þrittiges manna mägencräft on his mundgripe häbbe, 381. Blended with
+the negative: pl. III. þät be Sæ-Geátas sêlran näbben tô geceósenne cyning
+ænigne, _that the Sea-Geátas will have no better king than you to choose_,
+1851; imp. hafa nu and geheald hûsa sêlest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
+3018; pret. sg. häfde, 79, 518, 554; pl. häfdon, 539.--2) used as an
+auxiliary with the pret. part.: pres. sg. I. häbbe ic ... ongunnen, 408;
+häbbe ic ... geâhsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafað, 474, 596;
+pret. sg. häfde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc.; pl. häfdon, 117,
+695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nu scealc hafað dæd gefremede,
+940; häfde se gôda ... cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
+formed the compounds: bord-, rond-häbbend.
+
+for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte wäfre môd
+forhabban in hreðre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
+breast_, 1152; ne mihte þâ for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
+
+wið-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þät se wînsele
+wið-häfde heaðo-deórum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
+773.
+
+hafela, heafola, w. m., _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
+1781; nâ þu mînne þearft hafalan hýdan, 446; þonne we on orlege hafelan
+weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwîta helm
+hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
+heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121.--Comp. wîg-heafola.
+
+hafenian, w. v., _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. wæpen hafenade heard be
+hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
+
+hafoc, st. m., _hawk_: nom. sg., 2264.
+
+haga, w. m., _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. tô
+hagan, 2893, 2961.
+
+haga, w. m. See ân-haga.
+
+hama, homa, w. m., _dress_: in the comp. flæsc-, fyrd-, lîc-hama, scîr-ham
+(adj.).
+
+hamer, st. m., _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lâfe
+(swords), 2830.
+
+hand, hond, st. f., _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sió swîðre ... hand, _the right
+hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc. sg. hand, 558, 984; hond, 657,
+687, 835, 928, etc.; dat. sg. on handa, 495, 540; mid handa, 747, 2721; be
+honda, 815; dat. pl. (as instr.) hondum, 1444, 2841.
+
+hand-bana, w. m., _murderer with the hand_, or _in hand-to-hand combat_:
+dat. sg. tô hand-bonan (-banan), 460, 1331.
+
+hand-gemôt, st. n., _hand-to-hand conflict, battle_: gen. pl. (ecg) þolode
+ær fela hand-gemôta, 1527; nô þät läsest wäs hond-gemôta, 2356.
+
+hand-gesella, w. m., _hand-companion, man of the retinue_: dat. pl.
+hond-gesellum, 1482.
+
+hand-gestealla, w. m., _(one whose position is near at hand), comrade,
+companion, attendant_: dat. sg. hond-gesteallan, 2170; nom. pl.
+hand-gesteallan, 2597.
+
+hand-geweorc, st. n., _work done with the hands_, i.e. achievement in
+battle: dat. sg. for þäs hild-fruman hondgeweorce, 2836.
+
+hand-gewriðen, pret. part. _hand-wreathed, bound with the hand._ acc. pl.
+wälbende ... hand-gewriðene, 1938.
+
+hand-locen, pret. part., _joined, united by hand_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne,
+lîc-syrce) hondlocen (because the shirts of mail consisted of interlaced
+rings), 322, 551.
+
+hand-ræs, st. m., _hand-battle_, i.e. combat with the hands: nom. sg.
+hond-ræs, 2073.
+
+hand-scalu, st. f., _hand-attendance, retinue_: dat. sg. mid his hand-scale
+(hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+hand-sporu, st. f., _finger_ (on Grendel's hand), under the figure of a
+spear: nom. pl. hand-sporu, 987.
+
+hand-wundor, st. n., _wonder done by the hand, wonderful handwork_: gen.
+pl. hond-wundra mæst, 2769.
+
+hangan. See hôn.
+
+hangian, w. v., _to hang_: pres. sg. III. þonne his sunu hangað hrefne to
+hrôðre, _when his son hangs, a joy to the ravens_, 2448; pl. III. ofer þäm
+(mere) hongiað hrîmge bearwas, _over which frosty forests hang_, 1364; inf.
+hangian, 1663; pret. hangode, _hung down_, 2086.
+
+hatian, w. v. w. acc., _to hate, to be an enemy to, to hurt_: inf. he þone
+heaðo-rinc hatian ne meahte lâðum dædum (_could not do him any harm_),
+2467; pret. sg. hû se gûð-sceaða Geáta leóde hatode and hýnde, 2320.
+
+hâd, st. m., _form, condition, position, manner_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd,
+_in a powerful manner_, 1336; on gesîðes hâd, _in the position of follower,
+as follower_, 1298; on sweordes hâd, _in the form of a sword_, 2194. See
+under on.
+
+hâdor, st. m., _clearness, brightness_: acc. sg. under heofenes hâdor, 414.
+
+hâdor, adj., _clear, fresh, loud_: nom. sg. scop hwîlum sang hâdor on
+Heorote, 497.
+
+hâdre, adv., _clearly, brightly_, 1572.
+
+hâl, adj., _hale, whole, sound, unhurt_: nom. sg. hâl, 300. With gen.
+heaðo-lâces hâl, _safe from battle_, 1975. As form of salutation, wes ...
+hâl, 407; dat. sg. hâlan lîce, 1504.
+
+hâlig, adj., _holy_: nom. sg. hâlig god, 381, 1554; hâlig dryhten, 687.
+
+hâm, st. m., _home, residence, estate, land_: acc. sg. hâm, 1408; Hrôðgâres
+hâm, 718. Usually in adverbial sense: gewât him hâm, _betook himself home_,
+1602; tô hâm, 124, 374, 2993; fram hâm, _at home_, 194; ät hâm, _at home_,
+1249, 1924, 1157; gen. sg. hâmes, 2367; acc. pl. hâmas, 1128.--Comp.
+Finnes-hâm, 1157.
+
+hâm-weorðung, st. f., _honor_ or _ornament of home_: acc. sg. hâm-weorðunge
+(designation of the daughter of Hygelâc, given in marriage to Eofor), 2999.
+
+hâr, adj., _gray_: nom. sg. hâr hilde-rinc, 1308, 3137; acc. sg. under
+(ofer) hârne stân, 888, 1416, 2554; hâre byrnan (i.e. iron shirt of mail),
+2154; dat. sg. hârum hildfruman, 1679; f. on heáre hæðe (on heaw ... h ...
+ðe, MS.), 2213; gen. sg. hâres, _of the old man_, 2989.--Comp. un-hâr.
+
+hât, adj., _hot, glowing, flaming_ nom sg., 1617, 2297, 2548, 2559, etc.;
+wyrm hât gemealt, _the drake hot_ (of his own heat) _melted_, 898; acc.
+sg., 2282(?); inst. sg. hâtan heolfre, 850, 1424; g. sg. heaðu-fýres hâtes,
+2523; acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas, 2820.--Sup.: hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
+
+hât, st. n., _heat, fire_: acc. sg. geseah his mondryhten ... hât þrowian,
+_saw his lord endure the_ (drake's) _heat_, 2606.
+
+hata, w. m., _persecutor_; in comp. dæd-hata.
+
+hâtan, st. v.: 1) _to bid, to order, to direct_, with acc. and inf., and
+acc. of the person: pres. sg. I. ic maguþegnas mîne hâte ... flotan eówerne
+ârum healdan, _I bid my thanes take good care of your craft_, 293; imp. sg.
+II. hât in gân ... sibbegedriht, 386; pl. II. hâtað heaðo-mære hlæw
+gewyrcean, 2803; inf. þät healreced hâtan wolde ... men gewyrcean, _that he
+wished to command men to build a hall-edifice_, 68. Pret. sg. hêht: hêht
+... eahta mearas ... on flet teón, _gave command to bring eight horses into
+the hall_, 1036; þonne ænne hêht golde forgyldan, _commanded to make good
+that one with gold_, 1054; hêht þâ þät heaðo-weorc tô hagan biódan,
+_ordered the combat to be announced at the hedge_(?), 2893; swâ se snottra
+hêht, _as the wise_ (Hrôðgâr) _directed_, 1787; so, 1808, 1809. hêt: hêt
+him ýðlidan gôdne gegyrwan, _ordered a good vessel to be prepared for him_,
+198; so, hêt, 391, 1115, 3111. As the form of a wish: hêt hine wel brûcan,
+1064; so, 2813; pret. part. þâ wäs hâten hraðe Heort innan-weard folmum
+gefrätwod, _forthwith was ordered Heorot, adorned by hand on the inside_
+(i.e. that the edifice should be adorned by hand on the inside), 992.--2)
+_to name, to call_: pres. subj. III. pl. þät hit sælîðend ... hâtan
+Biówulfes biorh, _that mariners may call it Beówulf's grave-mound_, 2807;
+pret. part. wäs se grimma gäst Grendel hâten, 102; so, 263, 373, 2603.
+
+ge-hâtan, _to promise, to give one's word, to vow, to threaten_: pres. sg.
+I. ic hit þe gehâte, 1393; so, 1672; pret. sg. he me mêde gehêt, _promised
+me reward_, 2135; him fägre gehêt leána (gen. pl.), _promised them proper
+reward_, 2990; weán oft gehêt earmre teohhe, _with woe often threatened the
+unhappy band_, 2938; pret. pl. gehêton ät härgtrafum wig-weorðunga, _vowed
+offerings at the shrines of the gods_, 175; þonne we gehêton ûssum hlâforde
+þät ..., _when we promised our lord that_..., 2635; pret. part. sió gehâten
+[wäs] ... gladum suna Frôdan, _betrothed to the glad son of Froda_, 2025.
+
+hâtor, st. m. n., _heat_: in comp. and-hâtor.
+
+häft, adj., _held, bound, fettered_: nom. sg., 2409; acc. sg. helle häftan,
+_him fettered by hell_ (Grendel), 789.
+
+häft-mêce, st. m., _sword with fetters_ or _chains_ (cf. fetel-hilt): dat.
+sg. þäm häft-mêce, 1458. See Note.
+
+häg-steald, st. m., _man, liegeman, youth_: gen. pl. häg-stealdra, 1890.
+
+häle, st. m., _man_: nom. sg., 1647, 1817, 3112; acc. sg. häle, 720; dat.
+pl. hælum (hænum, MS.), 1984.
+
+häleð, st. m., _hero, fighter, warrior, man_: nom. sg., 190, 331, 1070;
+nom. pl. häleð, 52, 2248, 2459, 3143; dat. pl. häleðum 1710, 1962, etc.;
+gen. pl. häleða, 467, 497, 612, 663, etc.
+
+härg. See hearg.
+
+hæð, st. f., _heath_: dat. sg. hæðe, 2213.
+
+hæðen, adj., _heathenish_; acc. sg. hæðene sâwle, 853; dat. sg. hæðnum
+horde, 2217; gen. sg. hæðenes, _of the heathen_ (Grendel), 987; gen. pl.
+hæðenra, 179.
+
+hæð-stapa, w. m., _that which goes about on the heath_ (stag): nom. sg.,
+1369
+
+hæl, st. f.: 1) _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. him hæl âbeád, 654; mid
+hæle, 1218.--2) _favorable sign, favorable omen_: hæl sceáwedon, _observed
+favorable signs_ (for Beówulf's undertaking), 204.
+
+hælo, st. f., _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. hælo âbeád heorð-geneátum,
+2419.--Comp. un-hælo.
+
+hæst (O.H.G. haisterâ hantî, manu violenta; heist, ira; heistigo,
+iracunde), adj., _violent, vehement_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd, 1336.
+
+he, fem. heó, neut. hit, pers. pron., _he, she, it_; in the oblique cases
+also reflexive, _himself, herself, itself_: acc. sg. hine, hî, hit; dat.
+sg. him, hire, him; gen. sg. his, hire, his; plur. acc. nom. hî, hig, hie;
+dat. him; gen. hira, heora, hiera, hiora.--he omitted before the verb, 68,
+300, 2309, 2345.
+
+hebban, st. v., _to raise, to lift_, w. acc.: inf. siððan ic hond and rond
+hebban mihte, 657; pret. part. hafen, 1291; häfen, 3024.
+
+â-hebban, _raise, to lift from, to take away_: wäs ... icge gold âhafen of
+horde, _taken up from the hoard_, 1109; þâ wäs ... wôp up âhafen, _a cry of
+distress raised_, 128
+
+ge-hegan [ge-hêgan], w. v., _to enclose, to fence_: þing gehegan, _to mark
+off the court, hold court_. Here figurative: inf. sceal ... âna gehegan
+þing wið þyrse (_shall alone decide the matter with Grendel_), 425.
+
+hel, st. f., _hell_: nom. sg., 853; acc. sg. helle, 179; dat. sg. helle,
+101, 589; (as instr.), 789; gen. sg. helle, 1275.
+
+hel-bend, st. m. f. _bond of hell_: instr. pl. hell-bendum fäst, 3073.
+
+hel-rûna, w. m., _sorcerer_: nom. pl. helrûnan, 163.
+
+be-helan, st. v., _to conceal, to hide_: pret. part. be-holen, 414.
+
+helm, st. m.: 1) _protection in general, defence, covering that protects_:
+acc. sg. on helm, 1393; under helm, 1746.--2) _helmet_: nom. sg., 1630;
+acc. sg. helm, 673, 1023, 1527, 2988; (helo, MS.), 2724; brûn-fâgne,
+gold-fâhne helm, 2616, 2812; dat. sg. under helme, 342, 404; gen. sg.
+helmes, 1031; acc. pl. helmas, 240, 2639.--3) _defence, protector_,
+designation of the king: nom. sg. helm Scyldinga (Hrôðgâr), 371, 456, 1322;
+acc. sg. heofena helm _(the defender of the heavens_ = God), 182; helm
+Scylfinga, 2382.--Comp.: grîm-, gûð-, heaðo-, niht-helm.
+
+ofer-helmian, w. v. w. acc., _to cover over, to overhang_: pres. sg. III.
+ofer-helmað, 1365.
+
+helm-berend, pres. part., _helm-wearing_ (warrior): acc. pl. helmberend,
+2518, 2643.
+
+helpan, st. v., _to help_: inf. þät him holt-wudu helpan ne meahte, lind
+wið lîge, _that a wooden shield could not help him, a linden shield against
+flame_, 2341; þät him îrenna ecge mihton helpan ät hilde, 2685; wutun
+gangan to, helpan hildfruman, _let us go thitherto help the battle-chief_,
+2650; w. gen. ongan ... mæges helpan, _began to help my kinsman_, 2880; so,
+pret. sg. þær he his mæges (MS. mägenes) healp, 2699.
+
+help, m. and f., _help, support, maintenance_: acc. sg. helpe, 551, 1553;
+dat. sg. tô helpe, 1831; acc. sg. helpe, 2449.
+
+hende, _-handed_: in comp. îdel-hende.
+
+her, adv., _here_, 397, 1062, 1229, 1655, 1821, 2054, 2797, etc.; _hither_,
+244, 361, 376.
+
+here (Goth, harji-s), st. m., _army, troops_: dat. sg. on herge, _in the
+army, on a warlike expedition, 1249; in the army, among the fighting men_,
+2639; as instr. herge, 2348.--Comp.: flot-, scip-, sin-here.
+
+here-brôga, w. m., _terror of the army, fear of war_: dat. sg. for
+here-brôgan, 462.
+
+here-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, coat of mail_: nom. sg., 1444.
+
+here-grîma, w. m., _battle-mask_, i.e. helmet (with visor): dat. sg.
+-grîman, 396, 2050, 2606.
+
+here-net, st. n., _battle-net_, i.e. coat of mail (of interlaced rings):
+nom. sg., 1554.
+
+here-nîð, st. m., _battle-enmity, battle of armies_: nom. sg., 2475.
+
+here-pâd, st. f., _army-dress_, i.e. coat of mail, armor: nom. sg., 2259.
+
+here-rinc, st. m., _army-hero, hero in battle, warrior_: acc. sg. here-rinc
+(MS. here ric), 1177.
+
+here-sceaft, st. m., _battle-shaft_, i.e. spear: gen. pl. here-sceafta
+heáp, 335.
+
+here-spêd, st. f., _(war-speed), luck in war_: nom. sg., 64.
+
+here-stræl, st. m., _war-arrow, missile_: nom. sg., 1436.
+
+here-syrce, w. f., _battle-shirt, shirt of mail_: acc. sg. here-syrcan,
+1512.
+
+here-wæd, st. f., _army-dress, coat of mail, armor_: dat. pl. (as instr.)
+here-wædum, 1898.
+
+here-wæsma, w. m., _war-might, fierce strength in battle_: dat. pl. an
+here-wæsmum, 678.--Leo.
+
+here-wîsa, w. m., _leader of the army_, i.e. ruler, king: nom. sg., 3021.
+
+herg, hearg, st. m., _image of a god, grove where a god was worshipped_,
+hence to the Christian a wicked place(?): dat. pl. hergum geheaðerod,
+_confined in wicked places_ (parallel with hell-bendum fäst), 3073.
+
+herigean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to provide with an army, to support with
+an army_: pres. sg. I. ic þe wel herige, 1834.--Leo.
+
+hete, st. m., _hate, enmity_: nom. sg. 142, 2555.--Comp.: ecg-, morðor-,
+wîg-hete.
+
+hete-lîc, adj., _hated_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+hetend, hettend, (pres. part. of hetan, see hatian), _enemy_, hostis: nom.
+pl. hetende, 1829; dat. pl. wið hettendum, 3005.
+
+hete-nîð, st. m., _enmity full of hate_: acc. pl. hete-nîðas, 152.
+
+hete-sweng, st. m., _a blow from hate_: acc. pl. hete-swengeas, 2226.
+
+hete-þanc, st. m., _hate-thought, a hostile design_: dat. pl. mid his
+hete-þancum, 475.
+
+hêdan, ge-hêdan, w. v. w. gen.: 1) _to protect_: pret. sg. ne hêdde he þäs
+heafolan, _did not protect his head_, 2698.--2) _to obtain_: subj. pret.
+sg. III. gehêdde, 505.
+
+hêrian, w. v. w. acc., _to praise, to commend_: with reference to God, _to
+adore_: inf. heofena helm hêrian ne cûðon, _could not worship the defence
+of the heavens_ (God), 182; ne hûru Hildeburh hêrian þorfte Eotena treówe,
+_had no need to praise the fidelity of the Eotens_, 1072; pres. subj. þät
+mon his wine-dryhten wordum hêrge, 3177.
+
+ge-heaðerian, w. v., _to force, to press in_: pret. part. ge-heaðerod,
+3073.
+
+heaðo-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, shirt of mail_: nom. sg., 1553.
+
+heaðo-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave_: nom. sg., 689; dat. pl.
+heaðo-deórum, 773.
+
+heaðo-fyr, st. n., _battle-fire, hostile fire_: gen. sg. heaðu-fýres, 2523;
+instr. pl. heaðo-fýrum, 2548, of the drake's fire-spewing.
+
+heaðo-grim, adj., _grim in battle_, 548.
+
+heaðo-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet, war-helmet_: nom. sg., 3157(?).
+
+heaðo-lâc, st. n., _battle-play, battle_: dat. sg. ät heaðo-lâce, 584; gen.
+sg. heaðo-lâces hâl, 1975.
+
+heaðo-mære, adj., _renowned in battle_: acc. pl. -mære, 2803.
+
+heaðo-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack in battle, entrance by force_:
+nom. sg., 557; acc. pl. -ræsas, 1048; gen. pl. -ræsa, 526.
+
+heaðo-reáf, st. n., _battle-dress, equipment for battle_: acc. sg.
+heaðo-reáf heóldon (_kept the equipments_), 401.
+
+heaðo-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: acc. sg. þone heaðo-rinc
+(Hrêðel's son, Hæðcyn), 2467; dat. pl. þæm heaðo-rincum, 370.
+
+heaðo-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 381; nom. pl. heaðo-rôfe,
+865.
+
+heaðo-scearp, adj., _sharp in battle, bold_: n. m. pl. (-scearde, MS.),
+2830.
+
+heaðo-seóc, adj., _battle-sick_: dat. sg. -siócum, 2755.
+
+heaðo-steáp, adj., _high in battle, excelling in battle_: nom. sg. in weak
+form, heaðo-steápa, 1246; acc. sg. heaðo-steápne, 2154, both times of the
+helmet.
+
+heaðo-swât, st. m., _blood of battle_: dat. sg. heaðo-swâte, 1607; as
+instr., 1461; gen. pl. hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
+
+heaðo-sweng, st. m., _battle-stroke_ (blow of the sword): dat. sg. äfter
+heaðu-swenge, 2582.
+
+heaðo-torht, adj., _loud, clear in battle_: nom. sg. stefn ... heaðo-torht,
+_the voice clear in battle_, 2554.
+
+heaðo-wæd, st. f., _battle-dress, coat of mail, armor_: instr. pl.
+heaðo-wædum, 39.
+
+heaðo-weorc, st. n., _battle-work, battle_: acc. sg., 2893.
+
+heaðo-wylm, st. m., _hostile (flame-) wave_: acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas,
+2820; gen. pl. heaðo-wylma, 82.
+
+heaf, st. n., _sea_: acc. pl. ofer heafo, 2478. See Note.
+
+heafola. See hafela.
+
+heal, st. f., _hall, main apartment, large building_ (consisting of an
+assembly-hall and a banqueting-hall): nom. sg. heal, 1152, 1215; heall,
+487; acc. sg. healle, 1088; dat. sg. healle, 89, 615, 643, 664, 926, 1010,
+1927, etc.; gen. sg. [healle], 389.--Comp.: gif-, meodo-heal.
+
+heal-ärn, st. n., _hall-building, hall-house_: gen. sg. heal-ärna, 78.
+
+heal-gamen, st. n., _social enjoyment in the hall, hall-joy_: nom. sg.,
+1067.
+
+heal-reced, st. n., _hall-building_: acc. sg., 68.
+
+heal-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_ (at the banquet): dat. pl.
+heal-sittendum, 2869; gen. pl. heal-sittendra, 2016.
+
+heal-þegn, st. m., _hall-thane_, i.e. a warrior who holds the hall: gen.
+sg. heal-þegnes, of Grendel, 142; acc. pl. heal-þegnas, of Beówulfs band,
+720.
+
+heal-wudu, _hall-wood_, i.e. hall built of wood: nom. sg., 1318.
+
+healdan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to hold, to hold fast; to support_: pret. pl.
+hû þâ stânbogan ... êce eorðreced innan heóldon (MS. healde), _how the
+arches of rock within held the everlasting earth-house_, 2720. Pret. sg.,
+with a person as object: heóld hine to fäste, _held him too fast_, 789; w.
+the dat. he him freóndlârum heóld, _supported him with friendly advice_,
+2378.--2) _to hold, to watch, to preserve, to keep_; reflexive, _to
+maintain one's self, to keep one's self_: pres. sg. II. eal þu hit geþyldum
+healdest, mägen mid môdes snyttrum, _all that preservest thou continuously,
+strength and wisdom of mind_, 1706; III. healdeð hige-mêðum heáfod-wearde,
+_holds for the dead the head-watch_, 2910; imp. sg. II. heald forð tela
+niwe sibbe, _keep well, from now on, the new relationship_, 949; heald
+(heold, MS.) þu nu hruse ... eorla æhte, _preserve thou now, Earth, the
+noble men's possessions_, 2248; inf. se þe holmclifu healdan scolde, _watch
+the sea-cliffs_, 230; so, 705; nacan ... ârum healdan, _to keep well your
+vessel_, 296; wearde healdan, 319; forlêton eorla gestreón eorðan healdan,
+3168; pres. part. dreám healdende, _holding rejoicing_ (i.e. thou who art
+rejoicing), 1228; pret. sg. heóld hine syððan fyr and fästor, _kept himself
+afterwards afar and more secure_, 142; ægwearde heóld, _I have (hitherto)
+kept watch on the sea_, 241; so, 305; hióld heáh-lufan wið häleða brego,
+_preserved high love_, 1955; ginfästan gife ... heóld, 2184; gold-mâðmas
+heóld, _took care of the treasures of gold_, 2415; heóld mîn tela,
+_protected well mine own_, 2738; þonne ... sceft ... nytte heóld, _had
+employment, was employed_, 3119; heóld mec, _protected_, i.e. brought me
+up, 2431; pret. pl. heaðo-reáf heóldon, _watched over the armor_, 401; sg.
+for pl. heáfodbeorge ... walan ûtan heóld, _outwards, bosses kept guard
+over the head_, 1032.--Related to the preceding meaning are the two
+following: 3) _to rule and protect the fatherland_: inf. gif þu healdan
+wylt maga rice, 1853; pret. heóld, 57, 2738.--4) _to hold, to have, to
+possess, to inhabit_: inf. lêt þone brego-stôl Beówulf healdan, 2390;
+gerund. tô healdanne hleóburh wera, 1732; pret. sg. heóld, 103, 161, 466,
+1749, 2752; lyftwynne heóld nihtes hwîlum, _at night-time had the enjoyment
+of the air_, 3044; pret. pl. Geáta leóde hreâwic heóldon, _the Geátas held
+the place of corpses_ (lay dead upon it), 1215; pret. sg. þær heó ær mæste
+heóld worolde wynne, _in which she formerly possessed the highest earthly
+joy_, 1080.--5) _to win, to receive_: pret. pl. I. heoldon heáh gesceap,
+_we received a heavy fate, heavy fate befell us_, 3085.
+
+be-healdan, w. acc.: 1) _to take care of, to attend to_: pret. sg. þegn
+nytte beheóld, _a thane discharged the office_, 494; so, 668.--2) _to
+hold_: pret. sg. se þe flôda begong ... beheóld, 1499.--3) _to look at, to
+behold_: þryðswyð beheóld mæg Higelâces hû ..., _great woe saw H.'s
+kinsman, how ..._, 737.
+
+for-healdan, w. acc., _(to hold badly), to fall away from, to rebel_: pret.
+part. häfdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, _had rebelled against the
+defender of the Scylfings_, 2382.
+
+ge-healdan: 1) _to hold, to receive, to hold fast_: pres. sg. III. se þe
+waldendes hyldo gehealdeð, _who receives the Lord's grace_, 2294; pres.
+subj. fäder alwalda ... eówic gehealde sîða gesunde, _keep you sound on
+your journey_, 317; inf. ne meahte he ... on þam frum-gâre feorh gehealdan,
+_could not hold back the life in his lord_, 2857.--2) _to take care, to
+preserve, to watch over; to stop_: imp. sg. hafa nu and geheald hûsa
+sêlest, 659; inf. gehealdan hêt hilde-geatwe, 675; pret. sg. he frätwe
+geheóld fela missera, 2621; þone þe ær geheóld wið hettendum hord and rîce,
+_him who before preserved treasure and realm_, 3004.--3) _to rule_: inf.
+folc gehealdan, 912; pret. sg. geheóld tela (brâde rîce), 2209.
+
+healf, st. f., _half, side, part_: acc. sg. on þâ healfe, _towards this
+side_, 1676; dat. sg. häleðum be healfe, _at the heroes' side_, 2263; acc.
+pl. on twâ healfa, _upon two sides, mutually_, 1096; on bâ healfa (healfe),
+_on both sides_ (to Grendel and his mother), 1306; _on two sides, on both
+sides_, 2064; gen. pl. on healfa gehwone, _in half, through the middle_,
+801.
+
+healf, adj., _half_: gen. sg. healfre, 1088.
+
+heals, st. m., _neck_: acc. sg. heals, 2692; dat. sg. wið halse, 1567; be
+healse, 1873.--Comp.: the adjectives fâmig-, wunden-heals.
+
+heals-beáh, st. m., _neck-ring, collar_: acc. sg. þone heals-beáh, 2173;
+gen. pl. heals-beága, 1196.
+
+heals-gebedde, w. f., _beloved bedfellow, wife_: nom. sg. healsgebedde (MS.
+healsgebedda), 63.
+
+healsian, w. v. w. acc., _to entreat earnestly, to implore_: pret. sg. þâ
+se þeóden mec ... healsode hreóh-môd þät..., _entreated me sorrowful,
+that_..., 2133.
+
+heard, adj.: 1) of persons, _able, efficient in war, strong, brave_: nom.
+sg. heard, 342, 376, 404, 1575, 2540, etc.; in weak form, se hearda, 401,
+1964; se hearda þegn, 2978; þes hearda heáp, 432; nom. pl. hearde
+hilde-frecan, 2206; gen. pl. heardra, 989. Comparative: acc. sg. heardran
+häle, 720. With accompanying gen.: wîges heard, _strong in battle_, 887;
+dat. sg. nîða heardum, 2171.--2) of the implements of war, _good, firm,
+sharp, hard_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne, lîc-syrce) heard, 322, 551. In weak
+form: masc. here-stræl hearda, 1436; se hearda helm, 2256; neutr. here-net
+hearde, 1554; acc. sg. (swurd, wæpen), heard, 540, 2688, 2988; nom. pl.
+hearde ... homera lâfe, 2830; heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón,
+2038; acc. pl. heard sweord, 2639. Of other things, _hard, rough, harsh,
+hard to bear_: acc. sg. hreðer-bealo hearde, 1344; nom. sg. wrôht ...
+heard, 2915; here-nîð hearda, 2475; acc. sg. heoro-sweng heardne, 1591;
+instr. sg. heardan ceápe, 2483; instr. pl. heardan, heardum clammum, 964,
+1336; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166. Compar.: acc. sg. heardran feohtan,
+576.--Comp.: fýr-, îren-, nîð-, regn-, scûr-heard.
+
+hearde, adv., _hard, very_, 1439.
+
+heard-ecg, adj., _sharp-edged, hard, good in battle_: nom. sg., 1289.
+
+heard-fyrde, adj., _hard to take away, heavy_: acc. sg. hard-fyrdne,
+2246.--Leo.
+
+heard-hycgend, pres. part. _of a warlike disposition, brave_: nom. pl.
+-hicgende, 394, 800.
+
+hearg-träf, st. n., _tent of the gods, temple_: dat. pl. ät härg-trafum
+(MS. hrærg trafum), 175.
+
+hearm, st. m., _harm, injury, insult_: dat. sg. mid hearme, 1893.
+
+hearm-sceaða, w. m., _enemy causing injury_ or _grief_: nom. sg.
+hearm-scaða, 767.
+
+hearpe, w. f., _harp_: gen. sg. hearpan swêg, 89, 3024; hearpan wynne
+(wyn), 2108, 2263.
+
+heáðu, st. f., _sea, waves_: acc. sg. heáðu, 1863?
+
+heáðu-lîðend, pres. part., _sea-farer, sailor_: nom. pl. -lîðende, 1799;
+dat. pl. -lîðendum (designation of the Geátas), 2956.
+
+heáfod, st. n., _head_: acc. sg., 48, 1640; dat. sg. heáfde, 1591, 2291,
+2974; dat. pl. heáfdum, 1243.
+
+heáfod-beorh, st. f., _head-defence, protection for the head_: acc. sg.
+heáfod-beorge, 1031.
+
+heáfod-mæg, st. m., _head-kinsman, near blood-relative_: dat. pl.
+heáfod-mægum (_brothers_), 589; gen. pl. heáfod-mâga, 2152.
+
+heáfod-segn, st. n., _head-sign, banner_: acc. sg., 2153.
+
+heáfod-weard, st. f., _head-watch_ acc. sg. healdeð ... heáfod-wearde
+leófes and lâðes, _for the friend and the foe_ (Beówulf and the drake, who
+lie dead near each other), 2910.
+
+heáh, heá, adj., _high, noble_ (in composition, also primus): nom. sg. heáh
+Healfdene, 57; heá (Higelâc), 1927; heáh (sele), 82; heáh hlæw, 2806, 3159;
+acc. sg. heáh (segn), 48, 2769; heáhne (MS. heánne) hrôf, 984; dat. sg. in
+(tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920; gen. sg. heán hûses, 116.--_high, heavy_:
+acc. heáh gesceap (_an unusual, heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+heá-burh, st. f., _high city, first city of a country_: acc. sg., 1128.
+
+heáh-cyning, st. m., _high king, mightiest of the kings_: gen. sg.
+-cyninges (of Hrôðgâr), 1040.
+
+heáh-gestreón, st. n., _splendid treasure_: gen. pl. -gestreóna, 2303.
+
+heáh-lufe, w. f., _high love_: acc. sg. heáh-lufan, 1955.
+
+heáh-sele, st. m., _high hall, first hall in the land, hall of the ruler_:
+dat. sg. heáh-sele, 648.
+
+heáh-setl, st. n., _high seat, throne_: acc. sg., 1088.
+
+heáh-stede, st. m., _high place, ruler's place_: dat. sg. on heáh-stede,
+285.
+
+heán, adj., _depressed, low, despised, miserable_: nom. sg., 1275, 2100,
+2184, 2409.
+
+heáp, st. m., _heap, crowd, troop_: nom. sg. þegna heáp, 400; þes hearda
+heáp, _this brave band_, 432; acc. sg. here-sceafta heáp, _the crowd of
+spears_, 335; mago-rinca heáp, 731; dat. sg. on heápe, _in a compact body_,
+as many as there were of them, 2597.--Comp. wîg-heáp.
+
+heáwan, st. v., _to hew, to cleave_: inf., 801.
+
+ge-heáwan, _cleave_: pres. subj. ge-heáwe, 683.
+
+heoðu, st. f., _the interior of a building_: dat. sg. þät he on heoðe
+gestôd, _in the interior_ (of the hall, Heorot), 404.
+
+heofon, st. m., _heaven_: nom. sg., 3157; dat. sg. hefene, 1572; gen. sg.
+heofenes, 414, 576, 1802, etc.; gen. pl. heofena, 182; dat. pl. under
+heofenum, 52, 505.
+
+heolfor, st. n., _gore, fresh_ or _crude blood_: dat. instr. sg. hâtan
+heolfre, 850, 1424; heolfre, 2139; under heolfre, 1303.
+
+heolster, st. n., _haunt, hiding-place_: acc. sg. on heolster, 756.
+
+heonan, adv., _hence, from here_: heonan, 252; heonon, 1362.
+
+heor, st. m., _door-hinge_: nom. pl. heorras, 1000.
+
+heorde, adj. See wunden-heorde.
+
+heorð-geneát, st. m., _hearth-companion_, i.e. a vassal of the king, in
+whose castle he receives his livelihood: nom. pl. heorð-geneátas, 261,
+3181; acc. pl. heorð-geneátas, 1581, 2181; dat. pl. heorð-geneátum, 2419.
+
+heorot, st. m., _stag_: nom. sg., 1370.
+
+heorte, w. f., _heart_: nom. sg., 2562; dat. sg. ät heortan, 2271; gen. sg.
+heortan, 2464, 2508.--Comp.: the adjectives blîð-, grom-, rûm-,
+stearc-heort.
+
+heoru, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg. heoru bunden (cf. under bîndan), 1286. In
+some of the following compounds heoro- seems to be confounded with here-
+(see here).
+
+heoro-blâc, adj., _pale through the sword, fatally wounded_: nom. sg.
+[heoro-]blâc, 2489.
+
+heoru-dreór, st. m., _sword-blood_: instr. sg. heoru-dreóre, 487;
+heoro-dreóre, 850.
+
+heoro-dreórig, adj., _bloody through the sword_: nom. sg., 936; acc. sg.
+heoro-dreórigne, 1781, 2721.
+
+heoro-drync, st. m., _sword-drink_, i.e. blood shed by the sword: instr.
+pl. hioro-dryncum swealt, _died through sword-drink_, i.e. struck by the
+sword, 2359.
+
+heoro-gîfre, adj., _eager for hostile inroads_: nom. sg., 1499.
+
+heoro-grim, adj., _sword-grim, fierce in battle_: nom. sg. m., 1565; fem.
+-grimme, 1848.
+
+heoro-hôcihte, adj., _provided with barbs, sharp like swords _: instr. pl.
+mid eofer-spreótum heoro-hôcyhtum, 1439.
+
+heoro-serce, w. f., _shirt of mail_: acc. sg. hioro-sercean, 2540.
+
+heoro-sweng, st. m., _sword-stroke_: acc. sg. 1591.
+
+heoro-weallende, pres. part., _rolling around fighting_, of the drake,
+2782. See weallian.
+
+heoro-wearh, st. m. _he who is sword-cursed, who is destined to die by the
+sword_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+heófan, w. v., _to lament, to moan_: part. nom. pl. hiófende, 3143.
+
+â-heóran, _to free_ (?): w. acc. pret. sg. brýd âheórde, 2931.
+
+heóre, adj., _pleasant, not haunted, secure_: nom. sg. fem, nis þät heóru
+stôw, _that is no secure place_, 1373.--Comp. un-heóre (-hýre).
+
+hider, adv., _hither_, 240, 370, 394, 3093, etc.
+
+ofer-higian, w. v. (according to the connection, probably), _to exceed_,
+2767. (O.H.G. ubar-hugjan, _to be arrogant_.)
+
+hild, st. f., _battle, combat_: nom. sg., 452, 902, 1482, 2077; hild
+heoru-grimme, 1848; acc. sg. hilde, 648; instr. sg. hilde, _through
+combat_, 2917; dat. sg. ät hilde, 1461.
+
+hilde-bil, st. n., _battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1667; instr. dat. sg.
+hilde-bille, 557, 1521.
+
+hilde-bord, st. n., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. hilde-bord, 397; instr. pl.
+-bordum, 3140.
+
+hilde-cyst, st. f., _excellence in battle, bravery in battle_: instr. pl.
+-cystum, 2599.
+
+hilde-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave in battle_: nom. sg., 312, 835,
+1647, 1817; hilde-diór, 3112; nom. pl. hilde-deóre, 3171.
+
+hilde-freca, w. m., _hero in battle_: nom. pl. hilde-frecan, 2206; dat. sg.
+hild-frecan, 2367.
+
+hilde-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for battle, adornment for combat_:
+acc. hilde-geatwe, 675; gen. -geatwa, 2363.
+
+hilde-gicel, st. m., _battle-icicle_, i.e. the blood which hangs upon the
+sword-blades like icicles: instr. pl. hilde-gicelum, 1607.
+
+hilde-grâp, st. f., _battle-gripe_: nom. sg., 1447, 2508.
+
+hilde-hlemma, w. m., _one raging in battle, warrior, fighter_: nom. sg.,
+2352, 2545; dat. pl. eft þät ge-eode ... hilde-hlämmum, _it happened to the
+warriors_ (the Geátas), 2202.
+
+hilde-leóma, w. m., _battle-light, gleam of battle_, hence: 1) the
+fire-spewing of the drake in the fight: nom. pl. -leóman, 2584.--2) _the
+gleaming sword_: acc. sg. -leóman, 1144.
+
+hilde-mecg, st. m., _man of battle, warrior_: nom. pl. hilde-mecgas, 800.
+
+hilde-mêce, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. -mêceas, 2203.
+
+hilde-rand, st. m., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. -randas, 1243.
+
+hllde-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle_: acc. sg., 300.
+
+hilde-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 1308, 3125,
+3137; dat. sg. hilde-rince, 1496; gen. sg. hilde-rinces, 987.
+
+hilde-säd, adj., _satiated with battle, not wishing to fight any more_:
+acc. sg. hilde-sädne, 2724.
+
+hilde-sceorp, st. n., _battle-dress, armor, coat of mail_: acc. sg., 2156.
+
+hilde-setl, st. n., _battle-seat_ (saddle): nom. sg., 1040.
+
+hilde-strengo, st. f., _battle-strength, bravery in battle_: acc., 2114.
+
+hilde-swât, st. m., _battle-sweat_: nom. sg. hât hilde-swât (the hot, damp
+breath of the drake as he rushes on), 2559.
+
+hilde-tux, st. m., _battle-tooth_: instr. pl. hilde-tuxum, 1512.
+
+hilde-wæpen, st. m., _battle-weapon_: instr. pl. -wæpnum, 39.
+
+hilde-wîsa, w. m., _leader in battle, general_: dat. sg. fore Healfdenes
+hildewîsan, _Healfdene's general_ (Hnäf), 1065.
+
+hild-freca. See hilde-freca
+
+hild-fruma, st. m., _battle-chief_: dat. sg. -fruma, 1679, 2650; gen. sg.
+þäs hild-fruman, 2836.
+
+hlld-lata, w. m., _he who is late in battle, coward_: nom. pl. þâ
+hild-latan, 2847.
+
+hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_: nom. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. þät hilt,
+1669; hylt, 1668. Also used in the plural; acc. þâ hilt, 1615; dat. pl, be
+hiltum, 1575.--Comp.: fetel-, wreoðen-hilt.
+
+hilte-cumbor, st. n., _banner with a staff_: acc. sg., 1023.
+
+hilted, pret. part., _provided with a hilt_ or _handle_: acc. sg. heard
+swyrd hiked, _sword with a_ (rich) _hilt_, 2988.
+
+hin-fûs, adj., _ready to die_: nom. sg. hyge wäs him hinfûs (i.e. he felt
+that he should not survive), 756.
+
+hindema, adj. superl., _hindmost, last_: instr. sg. hindeman sîðe, _the
+last time, for the last time_, 2050, 2518.
+
+hirde, hyrde, st. m., (_herd_) _keeper, guardian, possessor_: nom. sg.
+folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2982; rîces hyrde, 2028; fyrena hyrde, _the
+guardian of mischief, wicked one_, 751, 2220; wuldres hyrde, _the king of
+glory, God_, 932; hringa hyrde, _the keeper of the rings_, 2246; cumbles
+hyrde, _the possessor of the banner, the bearer of the banner_, 2506;
+folces hyrde, 1850; frätwa hyrde, 3134; rîces hyrde, 3081; acc. pl. hûses
+hyrdas, 1667.--Comp.: grund-hyrde.
+
+hit (O.N. hita), st. f. (?), _heat_: nom. sg. þenden hyt sý, 2650.
+
+hladan, st. v.: 1) _to load, to lay_: inf. on bæl hladan leófne mannan,
+_lay the dear man on the funeral-pile_, 2127; him on bearm hladan bunan and
+discas, _laid cups and plates upon his bosom, loaded himself with them_,
+2776; pret. part. þær wäs wunden gold on wæn hladen, _laid upon the wain_,
+3135.--2) _to load, to burden_: pret. part. þâ wäs ... sægeáp naca hladen
+herewædum, _loaded with armor_, 1898.--Comp. gilp-hläden.
+
+ge-hladan, w. acc., _to load, to burden_: pret. sg. sæbât gehlôd (MS
+gehleod), 896.
+
+hlâford, st. m., _lord, ruler_: nom. sg., 2376; acc. sg., 267; dat. sg.
+hlâforde, 2635; gen. sg. hlâfordes, 3181.--Comp. eald-hlâford.
+
+hlâford-leás; adj., _without a lord_: nom. pl. hlâford-leáse, 2936.
+
+hlâw, hlæw, st. m., _grave-hill_: acc. sg. hlæw, 2803, 3159, 3171; dat. sg.
+for hlâwe, 1121. Also, _grave-chamber_ (the interior of the grave-hill),
+_cave_: acc. sg. hlâw [under] hrusan, 2277; hlæw under hrusan, 2412; dat.
+sg. on hlæwe, 2774. The drake dwells in the rocky cavern which the former
+owner of his treasure had chosen as his burial-place, 2242-2271.
+
+hläst, st. n., _burden, load_: dat. sg. hläste, 52.
+
+hlem, st. m., _noise, din of battle, noisy attack_: in the compounds, uht-,
+wäl-hlem.
+
+hlemma, w. m., _one raging, one who calls_; see hilde-hlemma.
+
+â-hlehhan, st. v., _to laugh aloud, to shout, to exult_: pret. sg. his môd
+âhlôg, _his mood exulted_, 731.
+
+hleahtor, st. m., _laughter_: nom. sg., 612; acc. sg., 3021.
+
+hleápan, st. v., _to run, to trot, to spring_: inf. hleápan lêton ...
+fealwe mearas, 865.
+
+â-hleapan, _to spring up_: pret. âhleóp, 1398.
+
+hleoðu. See hlið.
+
+hleonian, w. v., _to incline, to hang over_: inf. oð þät he ...
+fyrgen-beámas ofer hârne stân hleonian funde, _till he found mountain-trees
+hanging over the gray rocks_, 1416.
+
+hleó, st. m., _shady, protected place; defence, shelter_; figurative
+designation of the king, or of powerful nobles: wîgendra hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
+429; of Sigemund, 900; of Beówulf, 1973, 2338; eorla hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
+1036, 1867; of Beówulf, 792; of Hygelâc, 2191.
+
+hleó-burh, st. f., _ruler's castle_ or _city_: acc. sg., 913, 1732.
+
+hleóðor-cwyde, st. m., _speech of solemn sound, ceremonious words_, 1980.
+
+hleór, st. n., _cheek, jaw_: in comp. fäted-hleór (adj.).
+
+hleór-bera, w. m., _cheek-bearer_, the part of the helmet that reaches down
+over the cheek and protects it: acc. pl. ofer hleór-beran (_visor_?), 304.
+
+hleór-bolster, st. m., _cheek-bolster, pillow_: nom. sg., 689.
+
+hleótan, st. v. w. acc., _to obtain by lot, to attain, to get_: pret. sg.
+feorh-wunde hleát, 2386.
+
+hlifian, w. v., _to rise, to be prominent_: inf. hlifian, 2806; pret.
+hlifade, 81, 1800, 1899.
+
+hlið, st. n., _cliff, precipice of a mountain_: dat. sg. on hliðe, 3159;
+gen. sg. hliðes, 1893; pl. hliðo in composition, stân-hliðo; hleoðu in the
+compounds fen-, mist-, näs-, wulf-hleoðu.
+
+hlin-bed (Frisian hlen-bed, Richthofen 206^28, for which another text has
+cronk-bed), st. n., [Greek: klinidion], _bed for reclining, sick-bed_: acc.
+sg. hlim-bed, 3035.
+
+tô-hlîdan, st. v., _to spring apart, to burst_: pret. part. nom. pl.
+tô-hlidene, 1000.
+
+hlûd, adj., _loud_: acc. sg. dreám ... hlûdne, 89.
+
+hlyn, st. m., _din, noise, clatter_: nom. sg., 612.
+
+hlynnan, hlynian, w. v., _to sound, to resound_: inf. hlynnan (of the
+voice), 2554; of fire, _to crackle_: pret. sg. hlynode, 1121.
+
+hlynsian, w. v., _to resound, to crash_: pret. sg. reced hlynsode, 771.
+
+hlytm, st. m., _lot_: dat. sg. näs þâ on hlytme, hwâ þät hord strude, _it
+did not depend upon lot who should plunder the hoard_, i.e. its possession
+was decided, 3127.
+
+hnâh, adj.: 1) _low, inferior_: comp. acc. sg. hnâgran, 678; dat. sg.
+hnâhran rince, _an inferior hero, one less brave_, 953.--2) _familiarly
+intimate_: nom. sg. näs hió hnâh swâ þeáh, _was nevertheless not familiarly
+intimate_ (with the Geátas, i.e. preserved her royal dignity towards them),
+(_niggardly_?), 1930.
+
+hnægan, w. v. w. acc., (for nægan), _to speak to, to greet_: pret. sg. þät
+he þone wîsan wordum hnægde freán Ingwina, 1319.
+
+ge-hnægan, w. acc., _to bend, to humiliate, to strike down, to fell_: pret.
+sg. ge-hnægde helle gâst, 1275; þær hyne Hetware hilde gehnægdon, 2917.
+
+hnitan, st. v., _to dash against, to encounter_, here of the collision of
+hostile bands: pret. pl. þonne hniton (hnitan) fêðan, 1328, 2545.
+
+hoðma, w. m., _place of concealment, cave_, hence, _the grave_: dat. sg. in
+hoðman, 2459.
+
+hof, st. n., _enclosed space, court-yard, estate, manor-house_: acc. sg.
+hof (Hrôðgâr's residence), 312; dat. sg. tô hofe sînum (Grendel's home in
+the sea), 1508; tô hofe (Hygelâc's residence), 1975; acc. pl. beorht hofu,
+2314; dat. pl. tô hofum Geáta, 1837.
+
+hogode. See hycgan.
+
+hold, adj., _inclined to, attached to, gracious, dear, true_: nom. sg. w.
+dat. of the person, hold weorod freán Scyldinga, _a band well disposed to
+the lord of the Scyldings_, 290; mandrihtne hold, 1230; Hygelâce wäs ...
+nefa swýðe hold, _to H. was his nephew_ (Beówulf) _very much attached_,
+2171; acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, _from a kindly feeling, with honorable
+mind_, 267; holdne wine, 376; holdne, 1980; gen. pl. holdra, 487.
+
+hold. See healdan.
+
+holm, st. m., _deep sea_: nom. sg., 519, 1132, 2139; acc. sg., 48, 633;
+dat. sg. holme, 543, 1436, 1915; acc. pl. holmas, 240.--Comp. wæg-holm.
+
+holm-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: dat. sg. on þam holm-clife, 1422; from þäm
+holmclife, 1636; acc. pl. holm-clifu, 230.
+
+holm-wylm, st. m., _the waves of the sea_: dat. sg. holm-wylme, 2412.
+
+holt, st. n., _wood, thicket, forest._ acc. sg. on holt, 2599; holt,
+2847.--Comp.: äsc-, fyrgen-, gâr-, Hrefnes-holt.
+
+holt-wudu, st. m., _forest-wood_: 1) of the material: nom. sg., 2341.--2) =
+_forest_: acc. sg., 1370.
+
+hord, st. m. and n., _hoard, treasure_: nom. sg., 2284, 3085; beága hord,
+2285; mâðma hord, 3012; acc. sg. hord, 913, 2213, 2320, 2510, 2745, 2774,
+2956, 3057; sâwle hord, 2423; þät hord, 3127; dat. sg. of horde, 1109; for
+horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the hoard_, 2782; hæðnum horde,
+2217; gen. sg. hordes, 888.--Comp.: beáh-, breóst-, word-, wyrm-hord.
+
+hord-ärn, st. n., _place in which a treasure is kept, treasure-room_: dat.
+hord-ärne, 2832; gen. pl. hord-ärna, 2280.
+
+hord-burh, st. f., _city in which is the treasure_ (of the king's),
+_ruler's castle_: acc. sg., 467.
+
+hord-gestreón, st. n., _hoard-treasure, precious treasure_: dat. pl.
+hord-gestreónum, 1900; gen. pl. mägen-byrðenne hord-gestreóna, _the great
+burden of rich treasures_, 3093.
+
+hord-mâððum, st. m., _treasure-jewel, precious jewel_: acc. sg. (-madmum,
+MS.), 1199.
+
+hord-wela, w. m., _treasure-riches, abundance of treasures_: acc. sg.
+hord-welan, 2345.
+
+hord-weard, st. m., _warder of the treasure, hoard-warden_: 1) of the king:
+nom. sg., 1048; acc. sg., 1853.--2) of the drake: nom. sg., 2294, 2303,
+2555, 2594.
+
+hord-weorðung, st. f., _ornament out of the treasure, rich ornament_: acc.
+sg.--weorðunge, 953.
+
+hord-wyn, st. f., _treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure_: acc. sg. hord-wynne,
+2271.
+
+horn, st. m., _horn_: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot hornum trum,
+1370.--2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., 1424; acc. sg., 2944.--Comp. gûð-horn.
+
+horn-boga, w. m., _bow made of horn_: dat. sg. of horn-bogan, 2438.
+
+horn-geáp, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns adorning the
+gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heáh and horn-geáp, 82.
+
+horn-reced, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by the halves of
+a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., 705. Cf. Heyne's Treatise on the Hall,
+Heorot, p. 44.
+
+hors, st. n., _horse_: nom. sg., 1400.
+
+hôciht, adj., _provided with hooks, hooked_: in comp. heoro-hôciht.
+
+be-hôfian, w. v. w. gen., _to need, to want_: pres. sg. III. nu is se däg
+cumen þat ûre man-dryhten mägenes behôfað gôdra gûðrinca, _now is the day
+come when our lord needs the might of strong warriors_, 2648.
+
+on-hôhsnian, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. sg. þät onhôhsnode Heminges mæg (on
+hohsnod, MS.), 1945.
+
+hôlinga, adv., _in vain, without reason_, 1077.
+
+be-hôn, st. v., _to hang with_: pret. part. helmum behongen, 3140.
+
+hop, st. n., _protected place, place of refuge, place of concealment_, in
+the compounds fen-, môr-hop.
+
+hôs (Goth, hansa), st. f., _accompanying troop, escort_: instr. sg. mägða
+hôse, _with an accompanying train of servingwomen_, 925.
+
+hräðe, adv., _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 224, 741, 749, 1391, etc.;
+hraðe, 1438; hreðe, 992; compar. hraðor, 543.
+
+hran-fix, st. m., _whale_: acc. pl. hron-fixas, 540.
+
+hran-râd, st. f., _whale-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer hron-râde, 10.
+
+hrâ, st. n., _corpse_: nom. sg., 1589.
+
+hrâ-fyl, st. m., _fall of corpses, killing, slaughter_: acc. sg., 277.
+
+hrädlîce, adv., _hastily, immediately_, 356, 964.
+
+hräfn, hrefn, st. m., _raven_: nom. sg. hrefn blaca, _black raven_, 1802;
+se wonna hrefn, _the dark raven_, 3025; dat. sg. hrefne, 2449.
+
+hrägl, st. n., _dress, garment, armor_: nom. sg., 1196; gen. sg., hrägles,
+1218; gen. pl. hrägla, 454--Comp.: beado-, fyrd-, mere-hrägl.
+
+hreðe. See hraðe.
+
+hreðer, st. m., _breast, bosom_ nom. sg. hreðer inne weóll _(it surged in
+his breast_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll, 2594; dat. sg. in hreðre, 1152; of
+hreðre, 2820.--_Breast_ as the seat of feeling, _heart_: dat. sg. þät wäs
+... hreðre hygemêðe, _that was depressing to the heart_ (of the slayer,
+Hæðcyn), 2443; on hreðre, 1879, 2329; gen. pl. þurh hreðra gehygd,
+2046.--_Breast_ as seat of life: instr. sg. hreðre, parallel with aldre,
+1447.
+
+hreðer-bealo, st. n., _evil that takes hold on the heart, evil severely
+felt_: acc. sg., 1344.
+
+hrefn. See hräfn.
+
+hrêð, st. f., _glory_; in composition, gûð-hrêð; _renown, assurance of
+victory_, in sige-hrêð.
+
+hrêðe, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. hrêð (on account of the
+following ät, final _e_ is elided, as wênic for wêne ic, 442; frôfor and
+fultum for frôfre and fultum, 699; firen ondrysne for firene ondr., 1933),
+2576.
+
+hrêð-sigor, st. m., _glorious victory_: dat. sg. hrêð-sigora, 2584.
+
+hrêmig, adj., _boasting, exulting_: with instr. and gen. hûðe hrêmig, 124;
+since hrêmig, 1883; frätwum hrêmig, 2055; nom. pl. nealles Hetware hrêmge
+þorfton (sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.
+
+on-hrêran, w. v., _to excite, to stir up_: pret. part. on-hrêred, 549,
+2555.
+
+hreâ-wîc, st. n., _place of corpses_: acc. sg. Geáta leóde hreâ-wîc
+heóldon, _held the place of corpses_, 1215.
+
+hreád, st. f., _ornament_(?), in comp. earm-hreád. See hreóðan.
+
+hreám, st. m., _noise, alarm_:: nom. sg., 1303.
+
+hreóða, w. m., _cover_, in the compound bord-hreóða.
+
+hreóðan, ge-hreóðan, st. v., _to cover, to clothe_; only in the pret. part.
+hroden, gehroden, _dressed, adorned_: hroden, 495, 1023; þâ wäs heal hroden
+feónda feorum, _then was the hall covered with the corpses of the enemy_,
+1152; ge-hroden golde, _adorned with gold_, 304.--Comp.: beág-,
+gold-hroden.
+
+hreóh, hreów, hreó, adj., _excited, stormy, wild, angry, raging; sad,
+troubled_: nom. sg. (Beówulf) hreóh and heoro-grim, 1565; þät þam gôdan wäs
+hreów on hreðre, (_that came with violence upon him, pained his heart_),
+2329; hreó wæron ýða, _the waves were angry, the sea stormy_, 548; näs him
+hreóh sefa, _his mind was not cruel_, 2181; dat. sg. on hreón môde, _of sad
+heart_, 1308; on hreóum môde, _angry at heart_, 2582.
+
+hreóh-môd, adj., _of sad heart_, 2133; _angry at heart_, 2297.
+
+hreósan, st. v., _to fall, to sink, to rush_: pret. hreás, 2489, 2832;
+pret. pl. hruron, 1075; hie on weg hruron, _they rushed away_, 1431; hruron
+him teáras, _tears burst from him_, 1873.
+
+be-hreósan, _to fall from, to be divested of_: pret. part. acc. pl.
+fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, _divested of ornaments_ (from which
+the ornaments had fallen away), 2760.
+
+hreów, st. f., _distress, sorrow_: gen. pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre hreówa
+tornost, _that was to Hrôðgâr the bitterest of his sorrows_, 2130.
+
+hring, st. m.: 1) _ring_: acc. sg. þone hring, 1203; hring gyldenne, 2810;
+acc. pl. hringas, 1196, 1971, 3035; gen. pl. hringa, 1508, 2246.--2) _shirt
+of mail_ (of interlaced rings): nom. sg. hring, 1504; byrnan hring,
+2261.--Comp. bân-hring.
+
+hringan, w. v., _to give forth a sound, to ring, to rattle_: pret. pl.
+byrnan hringdon, 327.
+
+hring-boga, w. m., _one who bends himself into a ring_: gen. sg.
+hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle), 2562.
+
+hringed, pret. part., _made of rings_: nom. sg. hringed byrne, 1246; acc.
+sg. hringde byrnan, 2616.
+
+hringed-stefna, w. m., _ship whose stem is provided with iron rings_
+(cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Frið-þiofs saga, I:
+þorsteinn âtti skip þat er Ellidi hêt, ... borðit war spengt iarni): nom.
+sg., 32, 1898; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, 1132.
+
+hring-îren, st. n., _ring-iron, ring-mail_: nom. sg., 322.
+
+hring-mæl, adj., _marked with rings_, i.e. ornamented with rings, or marked
+with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the sword, 1522, 1562(?);
+nom. pl. heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_rich armor_), 2038.
+
+hring-naca, w. m., _ship with iron rings, sea-going ship_: nom. sg., 1863.
+
+hring-net, st. n., _ring-net_, i.e. a shirt of interlaced rings: acc. sg.,
+2755; acc. pl. hring-net, 1890.
+
+hring-sele, st. m., _ring-hall_, i.e. hall in which are rings, or in which
+rings are bestowed: acc. sg., 2841; dat. sg., 2011, 3054.
+
+hring-weorðung, st. f., _ring-ornament_: acc. sg. -weorðunge, 3018.
+
+hrînan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) _to touch, lay hold of_: inf. þät him heardra
+nân hrînan wolde îren ærgôd (_that no good sword of valiant men would make
+an impression on him_), 989; him for hrôf-sele hrînan ne mehte færgripe
+flôdes (_the sudden grip of the flood might not touch him owing to the
+hall-roof_), 1516; þät þam hring-sele hrînan ne môste gumena ænig _(so that
+none might touch the ringed-hall), _3054; pret. sg. siððan he hire folmum
+[hr]ân (_as soon as he touched it with his hands_), 723; ôð þät deáðes wylm
+hrân ät heortan (_seized his heart_), 2271. Pret. subj. þeáh þe him wund
+hrîne (_although he was wounded_), 2977.--2) (O.N. hrîna, _sonare,
+clamare), to resound, rustle_: pres. part. nom. pl. hrînde bearwas (for
+hrînende) 1364; but see Note.
+
+hroden. See hreóðan.
+
+hron-fix. See hran-fix.
+
+hrôðor, st. m., _joy, beneficium_: dat sg. hrefne tô hrôðre, 2449; gen. pl.
+hrôðra, 2172.
+
+hrôf, st. m., _roof, ceiling of a house_: nom. sg., 1000; acc. sg. under
+Heorotes hrôf, 403; under geápne hrôf, 838; geseah steápne hrôf (here
+_inner roof, ceiling_), 927; so, ofer heáhne hrôf, 984; ymb þäs helmes
+hrôf, 1031; under beorges hrôf, 2756.--Comp. inwit-hrôf.
+
+hrôf-sele, st. m., _covered hall_: dat. sg. hrôf-sele, 1516.
+
+hrôr, adj., _stirring, wide-awake, valorous_: dat. sg. of þäm hrôran,
+1630.--Comp. fela-hrôr.
+
+hruron. See hreósan.
+
+hruse, w. f., _earth, soil_: nom. sg., 2248, 2559; acc. sg. on hrusan, 773,
+2832; dat. sg. under hrusan, 2412.
+
+hrycg, st. m., _back_: acc. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the water's back,
+surface_), 471.
+
+hryre, st. m., _fall, destruction, ruin_: acc. sg., 3181; dat. sg., 1681,
+3006.--Comp.: leód-, wîg-hryre.
+
+hrysian, w. v., _to shake, be shaken, clatter_: pret. pl. syrcan hrysedon
+(_corselets rattled_, of men in motion), 226.
+
+hund, st. m., _dog_: instr. pl. hundum, 1369.
+
+hund, num., _hundred_: þreó hund, 2279; w. gen. pl. hund missera, 1499;
+hund þûsenda landes and locenra beága, 2995.
+
+hû, adv., _how, quomodo_, 3, 116, 279, 738, 845, 2319, 2520, 2719, etc.
+
+huð, st. f., _booty, plunder_: dat. (instr.) sg. hûðe, 124.
+
+hûru, adv., _above all, certainly_, 369; _indeed, truly_, 182, 670, 1072,
+1466, 1945, 2837; _yet, nevertheless_, 863; _now_, 3121.
+
+hûs, st. n., _house_: gen. sg. hûses, 116; gen. pl. hûsa sêlest (Heorot),
+146, 285, 659, 936.
+
+hwan, adv., _whither_: tô hwan syððan wearð hondræs häleða (_what issue the
+hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had_), 2072.
+
+hwanan, hwanon, adv., _whence_: hwanan, 257, 2404; hwanon, 333.
+
+hwâ, interrog. and indef. pron., _who_: nom. sg. m. hwâ, 52, 2253, 3127;
+neut. hwät, 173; ânes hwät (_a part only_), 3011; hwät þâ men wæron (_who
+the men were_), 233, etc.; hwät syndon ge searo-häbbendra (_what armed men
+are ye?_), 237; acc. sg. m. wið manna hwone (_from (?) any man_), 155;
+neut. þurh hwät, 3069; hwät wit geó spræcon, 1477; hwät ... hýnðo (gen.),
+fær-nîða (_what shame and sudden woes_), 474; so, hwät þu worn fela (_how
+very much thou_), 530; swylces hwät, 881; hwät ... ârna, 1187; dat. m.
+hwâm, 1697.--Comp. æg-hwâ.
+
+hwät, interj., _what! lo! indeed!_ 1, 943, 2249.
+
+ge-hwâ, w. part, gen., _each, each one_: acc. sg. m. wið feónda gehwone,
+294; nîða gehwane, 2398; mêca gehwane, 2686; gum-cynnes gehwone, 2766; fem,
+on healfa gehwone, 801; dat. sg. m. dôgora gehwâm, 88; ät nîða gehwâm, 883;
+þegna gehwâm, 2034; eorla gehwæm, 1421; fem. in mægða ge-hwære, 25; nihta
+gehwæm, 1366; gen. sing. m. manna gehwäs, 2528; fem. dæda gehwäs, 2839.
+
+hwâr. See hwær.
+
+hwäder. See hwider.
+
+hwäðer, pron., _which of two_: nom. sg. hwäðer ... uncer twega, 2531; swâ
+hwäðer, _utercunque_: acc. sg. on swâ hwäðere hond swâ him gemet þince,
+687.--Comp. æg-hwäðer.
+
+ge-hwäðer, _each of two, either-other_: nom. sg. m. wäs gehwäðer ôðrum
+lifigende lâð, 815; wäs ... gehwäðer ôðrum hrôðra gemyndig, 2172; ne
+gehwäðer incer (_nor either of you two_), 584; nom. sg. neut. gehwäðer þâra
+(_either of them_, i.e. ready for war or peace), 1249; dat. sg. hiora
+gehwäðrum, 2995; gen. sg. bega gehwäðres, 1044.
+
+hwäðer, hwäðere, hwäðre, 1) adv., _yet, nevertheless_: hwäðre, 555, 891,
+1271, 2099, 2299, 2378, etc.; hwäðre swâ þeáh, _however, notwithstanding_,
+2443; hwäðere, 574, 578, 971, 1719--2) conj., = _utrum, whether_: hwäðre,
+1315; hwäðer, 1357, 2786.
+
+hwät, adj., _sharp, bold, valiant_: nom. sg. se secg hwata, 3029; dat. sg.
+hwatum, 2162; nom. pl. hwate, 1602, 2053; acc. pl. hwate, 2643,
+3006.--Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwät.
+
+hwät. See hwâ.
+
+hwær, adv., _where_: elles hwær, _elsewhere_, 138; hwær, _somewhere_, 2030.
+In elliptical question: wundur hwâr þonne..., _is it a wonder when...?_
+3063.--Comp. ô-hwær.
+
+ge-hwær, _everywhere_: þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa gehwær dohte (_everywhere good in
+battle_), 526.
+
+hwele. See hwyle.
+
+hwergen, adv., _anywhere_: elles hwergen, _elsewhere_, 2591.
+
+hwettan, w. v., _to encourage, urge_: pres. subj. swâ þin sefa hwette (_as
+thy mind urges, as thou likest_), 490; pret. pl. hwetton higerôfne (_they
+whetted the brave one_), 204.
+
+hwêne, adv., _a little, paululum_, 2700.
+
+hwealf, st. f., _vault_: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf, 576, 2016.
+
+hweorfan, st. v., _to stride deliberately, turn, depart, move, die_: pres.
+pl. þâra þe cwice hwyrfað, 98; inf. hwîlum he on lufan læteð hworfan monnes
+môd-geþonc (_sometimes on love_ (?) _possessions_ (?) _permits the thoughts
+of man to turn_), 1729; londrihtes môt ... monna æghwylc îdel hweorfan (_of
+rights of land each one of men must be deprived_), 2889; pret. sg. fäder
+ellor hwearf ... of earde (_died_), 55; hwearf þâ hrädlîce þær Hrôðgâr sät,
+356; hwearf þâ bî bence (_turned then to the bench_), 1189; so, hwearf þâ
+be wealle, 1574; hwearf geond þät reced, 1982; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf (_went
+oft round the cave_), 2297; nalles äfter lyfte lâcende hwearf (_not at all
+through the air did he go springing_), 2833; subj. pret. sg, ær he on weg
+hwurfe ... of geardum (_died_), 264.
+
+and-hweorfan, _to move against_: pret. sg. ôð þät ... norðan wind
+heaðo-grim and-hwearf (_till the fierce north wind blew in our faces_),
+548.
+
+ät-hweorfan, _to go to_: pret. sg. hwîlum he on beorh ät-hwearf (_at times
+returned to the mountain_), 2300.
+
+ge-hweorfan, _to go, come_: pret. sg. gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm feorh
+cyninges, 1211; hit on æht gehwearf ... Denigea freán, 1680; so, 1685,
+2209.
+
+geond-hweorfan, _to go through from end to end_: pres. sg. flet eall
+geond-hwearf, 2018.
+
+hwider, adv., _whither_: hwyder, 163; hwäder (hwäðer, MS.), 1332.
+
+hwîl, st. f., _time, space of time_: nom. sg. wäs seó hwîl micel (_it was a
+long time_), 146; þâ wäs hwîl däges (_the space of a day_), 1496; acc. sg.
+hwîle, _for a time_, 2138; _a while_, 105, 152; lange (longe) hwîle, _a
+long while_, 16, 2781; âne hwîle, _a while_, 1763; lytle hwîle, _brief
+space_, 2031, 2098; ænige hwîle, _any while_, 2549; lässan hwîle, _a lesser
+while_, 2572; dat. sg. ær däges hwîle, _before daybreak_, 2321; dat. pl.
+nihtes hwîlum, _sometimes at night_, 3045. Adv., _sometimes, often_:
+hwîlum, 175, 496, 917, 1729, 1829, 2017, 2112, etc.; hwîlum ... hwîlum,
+2108-9-10.--Comp.: däg-, gescäp-, orleg-, sige-hwîl.
+
+hwît, adj., _brilliant, flashing_: nom. sg. se hwîta helm, 1449.
+
+hworfan. See hweorfan.
+
+hwôpan, st. v., _to cry, cry out mourn_: pret. sg. hweóp, 2269.
+
+hwyder. See hwider.
+
+hwylc, pron., _which, what, any_: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m. sceaða ic nât hwylc,
+274; fem, hwylc orleghwîl, 2003; nom. pl. hwylce Sægeáta sîðas wæron,
+1987.--2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna hwylc, 1105; fem, efne swâ
+hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende (_whatever woman brought forth this son_),
+944; neut. þonne his bearna hwylc (_than any one of his sons_), 2434; dat.
+sg. efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him gemet þûhte, 3058.--Comp.: æg-, nât-,
+wel-hwylc.
+
+ge-hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc, w. gen. pl., _each_: nom. sg. m. gehwylc,
+986, 1167, 1674; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, 937, 2251, 2517; gehwelcne, 148;
+fem, gehwylce, 1706; neut. gehwylc, 2609; instr. sg. dôgra gehwylce, 1091;
+so, 2058, 2451; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, 412, 769, 785, etc.; fem, ecga
+gehwylcre, 806; neut. cynna gehwylcum, 98; gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces,
+733, 1397, 2095.
+
+hwyrft, st. m., _circling movement, turn_: dat. pl. adv. hwyrftum scrîðað
+(_wander to and fro_), 163.--Comp. ed-hwyrft.
+
+hycgan, w. v., _to think, resolve upon_: pret. sg. ic þät hogode þät ...
+(_my intention was that ..._), 633.--Comp. w. pres. part.: bealo-, heard-,
+swîð-, þanc-, wîs-hycgend.
+
+for-hycgan, _to despise, scorn, reject with contempt_: pres. sg. I. ic þät
+þonne for-hicge þät ..., _reject with scorn the proposition that ..._, 435.
+
+ge-hycgan, _to think, determine upon_: pret. sg. þâ þu ... feorr gehogodest
+säcce sêcean, 1989.
+
+ofer-hycgan, _to scorn_: pret. sg. ofer-hogode þâ hringa fengel þät he þone
+wîdflogan weorode gesôhte (_scorned to seek the wide-flier with a host_),
+2346.
+
+hydig (for hygdig), adj., _thinking, of a certain mind_: comp. ân-, bealo-,
+grom-, nîð-, þrîst-hydig.
+
+ge-hygd, st. n., _thought, sentiment_: acc. sg. þurh hreðra gehygd,
+2046.--Comp.: breóst-, môd-gehygd, won-hyd.
+
+hyge, hige, st. m., _mind, heart, thought_: nom. sg. hyge, 756; hige, 594;
+acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, 267; gen. sg. higes, 2046; dat. pl. higum, 3149.
+
+hyge-bend, st. m. f., _mind-fetter, heart-band_: instr. pl. hyge-bendum
+fäst, _fast in his mind's fetters, secretly_, 1879.
+
+hyge-geômor, adj., _sad in mind_: nom. sg. hyge-giômor, 2409.
+
+hyge-mêðe, adj.: 1) _sorrowful, soul-crushing_: nom. sg., 2443.--2)
+_life-weary, dead_: dat. pl. hyge-mêðum (-mæðum, MS.), 2910.
+
+hyge-rôf, adj., _brave, valiant, vigorous-minded_: nom. sg. [hygerôf], 403;
+acc. sg. hige-rôfne, 204.
+
+hyge-sorh, st. f., _heart-sorrow_: gen. pl. -sorga, 2329.
+
+hyge-þyhtig, adj., _doughty, courageous_: acc. sg. hige-þihtigne (of
+Beówulf), 747. See þyhtig.
+
+hyge-þrym, st. m., _animi majestas, high-mindedness_: dat. pl. for
+hige-þrymmum, 339.
+
+hyht, st. m., _thought, pleasant thought, hope_ (Dietrich): nom. sg., 179.
+
+ge-hyld (see healdan), st. n., _support, protection_: nom. sg., 3057.--Leo.
+
+hyldan, w. v., _to incline one's self, lie down to sleep_: pret. sg. hylde
+hine, _inclined himself, lay down_, 689.
+
+hyldo, st. f., _inclination, friendliness, grace_: acc. sg. hyldo, 2068,
+2294; gen. sg. hyldo, 671, 2999.
+
+â-hyrdan, w. v., _harden_: pret. part. â-hyrded, 1461.
+
+hyrde. See hirde.
+
+hyrst, st. f., _accoutrements, ornament, armor_: acc. sg. hyrste
+(Ongenþeów's _equipments and arms_), 2989; acc. pl. hyrsta, 3166; instr.
+pl. hyrstum, 2763.
+
+hyrstan, w. v., _to deck, adorn_: pret. part. hyrsted sweord, 673; helm
+[hyr]sted golde, 2256.
+
+hyrtan, w. v., _to take heart, be emboldened_: pret. sg. hyrte hyne
+hord-weard (_the drake took heart_; see 2566, 2568, 2570), 2594.
+
+hyse, st. m., _youth, young man_: nom. sg. as voc., 1218.
+
+hyt. See hit.
+
+hýdan, w. v., _to hide, conceal, protect, preserve_: pres. subj. hýde
+[hine, _himself_] se þe wylle, 2767; inf. w. acc. nô þu mînne þearft
+hafalan hýdan, 446; ær he in wille hafelan [hýdan] (_ere in it he_ [the
+stag] _will hide his head_), 1373.
+
+ge-hýdan, w. acc., _to conceal, preserve_: pret. sg. gehýdde, 2236, 3060.
+
+hýð, st. f., _haven_: dat. sg. ät hýðe, 32.
+
+hýð-weard, st. m., _haven-warden_: nom. sg., 1915.
+
+hýnan (see heán), w. v. w. acc., _to crush, afflict, injure_: pret. sg.
+hýnde, 2320.
+
+hýnðu, st. f., _oppression, affliction, injury_: acc. sg. hýnðu, 277; gen.
+sg. hwät ... hýnðo, 475; fela ... hýnðo, 594; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166.
+
+hýran, w. v.: 1) _to hear, perceive, learn_: a) w. inf. or acc. with inf.:
+I. pret. sg. hýrde ic, 38, 582, 1347, 1843, 2024; III. sg. þät he fram
+Sigemunde secgan hýrde, 876; I. pl. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273. b)
+w. acc.: nænigne ic ... sêlran hýrde hordmâððum (_I heard of no better
+hoard-jewel_), 1198. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hýrde ic þät ...,
+62, 2164, 2173.--2) w. dat. of person, _to obey_: inf. ôð þät him æghwylc
+þâra ymbsittendra hýran scolde, 10; hýran heaðo-siócum, 2755; Pret. pl. þät
+him winemâgas georne hýrdon, 66.
+
+ge-hýran, _to hear, learn_: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. mînne gehýrað
+ânfealdne geþôht, 255; III. sg. pret. gehýrde on Beówulfe fästrædne geþôht,
+610. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehýrdon, 786. c) w. depend.
+clause: I. pres. sg. ic þät gehýre þät ..., 290.
+
+
+I
+
+ic, pers. pron. _I_: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. mîn; dual nom. wit, acc.
+uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. ûsic, ûs, dat. ûs, gen.
+ûser. ic omitted before the verb, 470.
+
+icge, _gold_ (perhaps related to Sanskrit îç, = dominare, imperare, O.H.G.
+êht, _wealth_, opes), _treasure?, sword_ (edge)?, 1108.--Körner.
+
+ides, st. f., _woman, lady, queen_: nom. sg., 621, 1076, 1118, 1169; dat.
+sg. idese, 1650, 1942. Also of Grendel's mother: nom. sg., 1260; gen. sg.
+idese, 1352.
+
+in. See inn.
+
+in: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating rest), _in_:
+in geardum, 13, 2460; in þäm gûðsele, 443; in beórsele, 2636; so, 89, 482,
+589, 696, 729, 2140, 2233, etc.; in mægða gehwære, 25; in þýstrum, 87; in
+Caines cynne, 107; in hyra gryregeatwum (_in their accoutrements of terror,
+war-weeds_), 324; so, 395; in campe (_in battle_), 2506; hiora in ânum (_in
+one of them_), 2600. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, 19. Also, _on,
+upon_, like on: in ealo-bence, 1030; in gumstôle, 1953; in þam wongstede
+(_on the grassy plain, the battle-field_), 2787; in bælstede, 3098.
+Temporal: in geâr-dagum, 1.--2) w. acc. (local, indicating motion), _in,
+into_: in woruld, 60; in fýres fäðm, 185; so, 1211; in Hrefnesholt, 2936.
+Temporal, _in, at, about, toward_: in þâ tîde (in watide, MS.), 2228.
+
+II. adv., _in_ (here or there), 386, 1038, 1372, 1503, 1645, 2153, 2191,
+2228; inn, 3091.
+
+incge, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lâfe (_with the
+costly sword_ ? or _with mighty sword_?), 2578.--[_Edge_: incge lâfe, _edge
+of the sword_.--K. Körner?]
+
+in-frôd, adj., _very aged_: nom. sg., 2450; dat. sg. in-frôdum, 1875.
+
+in-gang, st. m., _entrance, access to_: acc. sg., 1550.
+
+in-genga, w. m., _in-goer, visitor_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 1777.
+
+in-gesteald, st. m., _house-property, possessions in the house_: acc. sg.,
+1156.
+
+inn, st. n., _apartment, house_: nom. sg. in, 1301.
+
+innan, adv., _within, inside_, 775, 1018, 2413, 2720; on innan (_in the
+interior_), _within_, 1741, 2716; þær on innan (_in there_), 71; burgum on
+innan (_within his city_), 1969. Also, _therein_: þær on innan, 2090, 2215,
+2245.
+
+innan-weard, adv., _inwards, inside, within_, 992, 1977; inne-weard, 999.
+
+inne, adv.: 1) _inside, within_, 643, 1282, 1571, 2114, 3060; word inne
+âbeád (_called, sent word, in_, i.e. standing in the hall door), 390; _in
+it_ (i.e. the battle), 1142; þær inne (_therein_), 118, 1618, 2116, 2227,
+3088.--2) = _insuper, still further, besides_, 1867.
+
+inwit, st. n., _evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility_, as in
+
+inwit-feng, st. m., _malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning foe_: nom. sg.,
+1448.
+
+inwit-gäst, st. m., _evil guest, hostile stranger_: nom. sg., 2671.
+
+inwit-hrôf, st. m., _hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning foe_: acc. sg.
+under inwit-hrôf, 3124.
+
+inwit-net, st. n., _mischief-net, cunning snare_: acc. sg., 2168.
+
+inwit-nîð, st. n., _cunning hostility, hostile contest_: nom. pl.
+inwit-nîðas (_hostility through secret attack_), 1859; gen. pl. inwit-nîða,
+1948.
+
+inwit-scear, st. m., _massacre through cunning, murderous attack_: acc. sg.
+eatolne inwit-scear, 2479.
+
+inwit-searo, st. n., _cunning, artful intrigue_: acc. sg. þurh inwit-searo,
+1102. See searo.
+
+inwit-sorh, st. f., _grief, remorse, mourning springing from hostile
+cunning_: nom. sg., 1737; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, 832.
+
+inwit-þanc, adj., _ill-disposed, malicious_: dat. sg. he onfêng hraðe
+inwit-þancum (_he quickly grasped the cunning-in-mind_ [Grendel]), 749.
+
+irnan (for rinnan), st. v., _to run_: so be-irnan, _to run up to_, occur_:
+pret. sg him on môd be-arn (_came into his mind_), 67.
+
+on-irnan, _to open_: pret. sg. duru sôna onarn, 722.
+
+irre-môd, adj. See yrre-môd.
+
+
+Î
+
+îdel, adj., _empty, bare; deprived of_: nom. sg., 145, 413; w. gen.
+lond-rihtes þære mægburge îdel (_deprived of his land-possessions among the
+people_ [of the Geátas]), 2889.
+
+îdel-hende, adj., _empty-handed_, 2082.
+
+îren, st. n., _iron, sword_: nom. sg. dryhtlîc îren (_the doughty, lordly
+sword_), 893; îren ær-gôd, 990; acc. sg. leóflîc îren, 1810; gen. pl. îrena
+cyst (_choicest of swords_), 674; îrenna cyst, 803; îrenna ecge (_edges of
+swords_), 2684.
+
+îren, adj., _of iron_: nom. sg. ecg wäs îren, 1460.
+
+îren-bend, st. f., _iron band, bond, rivet_: instr. pl. îren-bendum fäst
+(bold), 775, 999.
+
+îren-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îren-byrnan, 2987. See
+îsern-byrne.
+
+îren-heard, adj., _hard as iron_: nom. sg., 1113.
+
+îrenne, adj., _of iron_: in comp. eall-îrenne.
+
+îren-þreát, st. m., _iron troop, armored band_: nom. sg., 330.
+
+îs, st. n., _ice_: dat. sg. îse, 1609.
+
+îsern-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îsern-byrnan, 672. See
+îren-byrne.
+
+îsern-scûr, st. f., _iron shower, shower of arrows_: gen. sg. þone þe oft
+gebâd îsern-scûre, 3117.
+
+îs-gebind, st. n., _fetters of ice_: instr. sg. îs-gebinde, 1134.
+
+îsig, adj., _shining, brilliant_ (like brass): nom. sg. îsig (said of a
+vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), 33.--Leo.
+
+IO IU
+
+iú. See geó.
+
+iú-man. See geó-man.
+
+ió-meówle. See geó-meówle.
+
+
+L
+
+laðu, st. f., _invitation_.--Comp.: freónd-, neód-laðu.
+
+ge-lafian, w. v. w. acc. pers. and instr. of the thing, _to refresh, lave_:
+pret. sg. wine-dryhten his wätere gelafede, 2723.
+
+lagu, st. m., _lake, sea_: nom. sg., 1631.
+
+lagu-cräftig, adj., _acquainted with the sea_: nom. sg. lagu-cräftig mon
+(_pilot_), 209.
+
+lagu-stræt, st. f., _path over the sea_: acc. sg. ofer lagu-stræte, 239.
+
+lagu-streám, st. m., _sea-current, flood_: acc. pl. ofer lagu-streámas,
+297.
+
+land, st. n., _land_: nom. sg. lond, 2198; acc. sg. land, 221, 2063; lond,
+2472, 2493; land Dena, 242, 253; lond Brondinga, 521; Finna land, 580; dat.
+sg. on lande (_in the land_), 2311, 2837; _at near, land, shore_, 1914; tô
+lande (_to the land, ashore_), 1624; gen. sg. landes, 2996; gen. pl. ofer
+landa fela (_over much country, space; afar_), 31l.--Comp.: el-, eá-land.
+
+land-bûend, part, pres., terricola, _inhabitant of the land_: nom. pl.
+lond-bûend, 1346; dat. pl. land-bûendum, 95.
+
+land-fruma, w. m., _ruler, prince of the country_: nom. sg., 31.
+
+land-gemyrcu, st. n. pl., _frontier, land-mark_: acc. pl., 209.
+
+land-geweorc, st. n., _land-work, fortified place_: acc. sg. leóda
+land-geweorc, 939. See weorc, geweorc.
+
+land-riht, st. n., _prerogatives based upon land-possessions, right to
+possess land_, hence _real estate_ itself: gen. sg. lond-rihtes îdel, 2887.
+
+land-waru, st. f., _inhabitants, population_: acc. pl. land-wara, 2322.
+
+land-weard, st. m., _guard, guardian of the frontier_: nom. sg., 1891.
+
+lang, long, adj., _long_: 1) temporal: nom. sg. tô lang, 2094; näs þâ long
+(lang) tô þon (_not long after_), 2592, 2846; acc. sg. lange hwîle (_for a
+long time_), 16, 2160, 2781; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114, 1258; lange tîd,
+1916. Compar. nom. sg. lengra fyrst, 134.--2) local, nom. sg. se wäs
+fîftiges fôtgemearces lang, 3044.--Comp.: and-, morgen-, niht-, up-lang.
+
+lange, longe, adv., _long_: lange, 31, 1995, 2131, 2345, 2424; longe, 1062,
+2752, 3109; tô lange (_too long, excessively long_), 906, 1337, 1749.
+Compar. leng, 451, 1855, 2802, 3065; nô þý leng (_none the longer_), 975.
+Superl. lengest (_longest_), 2009, 2239.
+
+ge-lang, adj., _extending, reaching to something_ or _somebody_, hence
+_ready, prepared_: nû is ræd gelang eft ät þe ânum (_now is help [counsel]
+at hand in thee alone_), 1377; gen is eall ät þe lissa gelong (_all of
+favor is still on thee dependent, is thine_), 2151. See ge-lenge.
+
+lang-ge-streón, st. n., _long-lasting treasure_: gen. pl. long-gestreóna,
+2241.--Leo.
+
+langian, w. v., reflex, w. dat, _to long, yearn_: pres. sg. III. him
+...äfter deórum men dyrne langað beorn (_the hero longeth secretly after
+the dear man_), 1880.
+
+lang-sum, adj., _long-lasting, continuing_: nom. sg. longsum, 134, 192,
+1723; acc. sg. long-sumne, 1537.
+
+lang-twidig, adj., _long-granted, assured_: nom. sg., 1709.
+
+lata, w. m., _a lazy, cowardly one_; in comp. hild-lata.
+
+lâ, interj., _yes! indeed!_ 1701, 2865.
+
+lâc, st. n.: 1) _measured movement, play_: in comp. beadu-, heaðo-lâc.--2)
+_gift, offering_: acc. pl. lâc, 1864; lâðlîcu lâc (_loathly offering,
+prey_), 1585; dat. pl. lâcum, 43, 1869.--Comp. sæ-lâc.
+
+ge-lâc, st. n., _sport, play_: acc. pl. sweorda gelâc (_battle_), 1041;
+dat. pl. ät ecga gelâcum, 1169.
+
+lâcan, st. v., _to move in measured time, dancing, playing, fighting,
+flying_, etc.: inf. dareðum lâcan (_fight_), 2849; part. pres. äfter lyfte
+lâcende (_flying through the air_), 2833.
+
+for-lâcan, _to deceive, betray_: part, pret. he wearð on feónda geweald
+forð forlâcen (_deceitfully betrayed into the enemy's hands_), 904.
+
+lâd, st. f., _street, way, journey_: dat. sg. on lâde, 1988; gen. sg. lâde,
+569.--Comp.: brim-, sæ-lâd.
+
+ge-lâd, st. n., _way, path, road_: acc. sg. uncûð gelâd, 1411.
+
+lâð, adj., _loathly, evil, hateful, hostile_: nom. sg. lâð, 816; lâð
+lyft-floga, 2316; lâð (_enemy_), 440; ne leóf ne lâð, 511; neut. lâð, 134,
+192; in weak form, se lâða (of the dragon), 2306; acc. sg. lâðne (wyrm),
+3041; dat. sg. lâðum, 440, 1258; gen. sg. lâðes (of the enemy), 842; fela
+lâðes (_much evil_), 930; so, 1062; lâðan lîges, 83; lâðan cynnes, 2009,
+2355; þäs lâðan (of the enemy), 132; acc. pl. neut. lâð gewidru (_hateful
+storms_), 1376; dat. instr. pl. wið lâðum, 550; lâðum scuccum and scinnum,
+939; lâðum dædum (_with evil deeds_), 2468; lâðan fingrum, 1506; gen. pl.
+lâðra manna, spella, 2673, 3030; lâðra (_the enemy_), 242. Compar. nom. sg.
+lâðra ... beorn, 2433.
+
+lâð-bite, st. m., _hostile bite_: dat. sg. lâð-bite lîces (_the body's
+hostile bite_ = the wound), 1123.
+
+lâð-geteóna, w. m., _evil-doer, injurer_: nom. sg., 975; nom. pl.
+lâð-geteónan, 559.
+
+lâð-lîc, adj., _loathly, hostile_: acc. pl. lâð-lîcu, 1585.
+
+lâf, st. f.: 1) _what is left, relic; inheritance, heritage, legacy_: nom.
+sg. Hrêðlan lâf (Beówulf's corselet), 454; nom. pl. fêla lâfe (_the
+leavings of files_ = swords, Grein), 1033; so, homera lâfe, 2830; on him
+gladiað gomelra lâfe, heard and hringmæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_on him
+gleams the forefather's bequest, hard and ring-decked, the Heaðobeardas'
+treasure_, i.e. the equipments taken from the slain king of the
+Heaðobeardas), 2037; acc. sg. sweorda lâfe (_leavings of the sword_, i.e.
+those spared by the sword), 2937.--2) _the sword as a specially precious
+heir-loom_: nom. sg., 2629; acc. sg. lâfe, 796, 1489, 1689, 2192, 2564;
+instr. sg. incge lâfe, 2578.--Comp.: ende-, eormen-, weá-, yrfe-, ýð-lâf.
+
+lâr, st. f., _lore, instruction, prescription_: dat. sg. be fäder lâre,
+1951; gen. pl. lâra, 1221; lârena, 269.--Comp. freónd-lâr.
+
+lâst, st. m., _footstep, track_: acc. sg. lâst, 132, 972, 2165; on lâst
+(_on the traces of, behind_), 2946; nom. pl. lâstas, 1403; acc. pl. lâstas,
+842.--Comp.: fêðe-, feorh-, fôt-, wräc-lâst.
+
+läger. See leger.
+
+lâger-bed, st. n., _bed to lie on_ : instr. sg. leger-bedde, 1008.
+
+läs, adj., _less_, 1947; þý läs (_the less_), 487; conjunct, _that not,
+lest_, 1919.
+
+lässa, adj., _less, fewer_: nom. sg. lässa, 1283; acc. sg. m. lässan, 43;
+fem, lässan hwîle, 2572; dat. sg. for lässan (_for less, smaller_), 952.
+Superl. nom. sg. nô þät läsest wäs hond-gemôt[a], 2355.
+
+lät, adj., _negligent, neglectful_; w. gen.: nom. sg. elnes lät, 1530.
+
+lædan, w. v. w. acc.: _to lead, guide, bring_: inf. lædan, 239; pret. pl.
+læddon, 1160.
+
+for-1ædan, _to mislead_: pret. pl. for-læddan, 2440 (?).
+
+ge-lædan, _lead, bring_: part. pret. ge-læded, 37.
+
+læfan, w. v.: 1), _to bequeathe, leave_: imper. sg. þînum magum læf folc
+and rîce, 1179; pret. sg. eaferum læfde ... lond and leódbyrig, 2471.--2)
+_spare, leave behind_: âht cwices læfan (_to spare aught living_), 2316.
+
+læn-dagas, st. m. pl., _loan-days, transitory days_ (of earthly existence
+as contrasted with the heavenly, unending): acc. pl. læn-dagas, 2592; gen.
+pl. læn-daga, 2342.
+
+læne, adj., _inconstant, perishable, evanescent, given over to death or
+destruction_: nom. sg., 1755, 3179; acc. sg. of rust-eaten treasures, 3130;
+þâs lænan gesceaft (_this fleeting life_), 1623; gen. sg. lænan lîfes,
+2846.
+
+læran, w. v., _to teach, instruct_: imper. sg. þu þe lær be þon (_learn
+this, take this to heart_), 1723.
+
+ge-læran, _to teach, instruct, give instruction_: inf. ic þäs Hrôðgâr mäg
+... ræd gelæran (_I can give H. good advice about this_), 278; so, 3080;
+pret. pl. þâ me þät ge-lærdon leóde mîne (_gave me the advice_), 415.
+
+læstan, w. v.: 1) _to follow, to sustain, serve_: inf. þät him se lîc-homa
+læstan nolde (_that his body would not sustain him_), 813.--2) _perform_:
+imper. læst eall tela (_do all well_), 2664.
+
+ge-læstan: 1) _to follow, serve_: pret. sg. (sweord) þät mec ær and oft
+gelæste, 2501.--2) _to fulfil, grant_: subj. pres. pl. þät ... wilgesîðas,
+þonne wîg cume, leóde gelæstan (_render war service_), 24; inf. ic þe sceal
+mîne gelæstan freóde (_shall grant thee my friendship, be grateful_), 1707;
+pret. sg. beót ... gelæste (_fulfilled his boast_), 524; gelæste swâ (_kept
+his word_), 2991; pres. part. häfde Eást-Denum ... gilp gelæsted (_had
+fulfilled for the East Danes his boast_), 830.
+
+lætan, st. v., _to let, allow_, w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. III. læteð,
+1729; imper. pl. II. lætað, 397; sg. II. læt, 1489; pret. sg. lêt, 2390,
+2551, 2978, 3151(?); pret. pl. lêton, 48, 865, 3133; subj. pret. sg. II.
+lête, 1997; sg. III. lête, 3083.
+
+â-lætan: 1) _to let, allow_: subj. pres. sg. II. þät þu ne âlæte ... dôm
+ge-dreósan, 2666.--2) _to leave, lay aside_: inf. âlætan læn-dagas (_die_)
+2592; so, âlætan lîf and leódscipe, 2751.
+
+for-lætan: 1) _to let, permit_, w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg. for-lêt, 971;
+pret. pl. for-lêton, 3168. Also with inf. omitted: inf. nolde eorla hleó
+... þone cwealmcuman cwicne (i.e. wesan) forlætan (_would not let the
+murderous spirit go alive_), 793.--2) _to leave behind, leave_: pret. sg.
+in þam wong-stede ... þær he hine ær forlêt (_where he had previously left
+him_), 2788.
+
+of-lætan, _to leave, lay aside_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu ær þonne he worold
+oflætest (_leavest the world, diest_), 1184; so pret. sg. oflêt lîf-dagas
+and þâs lænan gesceaft, 1623.
+
+on-lætan, _to release, liberate_: pres. sg. III. þonne forstes bend fäder
+on-læteð (_as soon as the Father looseth the frost's fetters_), 1610.
+
+â-lecgan, w. v.: 1) _to lay, lay down_: pret. sg. syððan hilde-deór hond
+â-legde ... under geápne hrôf, 835; þät he on Beówulfes bearm â-legde
+(_this_ [the sword] _he laid in B.'s bosom, presented to him_), 2195; pret.
+pl. â-ledon þâ leófne þeóden ... on bearm scipes, 34; â-legdon þâ tô middes
+mærne þeóden _(laid the mighty prince in the midst_ [of the pyre]),
+3142.--2) _to lay aside, give up_: siððan ... in fen-freoðo feorh â-legde
+(_laid down his life, died_), 852; nu se here-wîsa hleahtor â-legde, gamen
+and gleó-dreám _(now the war-chief has left laughter_, etc.), 3021.
+
+leger, st. n., _couch, bed, lair_: dat. sg. on legere, 3044.
+
+lemian, w. v., _to lame, hinder, oppress_: pret. sg. (for pl.) hine
+sorh-wylmas lemede tô lange, 906. MS.
+
+leng. See lang.
+
+lenge, adj., _extending along_ or _to, near_ (of time): nom. sg. neut. ne
+wäs hit lenge þâ gen (_nor was it yet long_), 83.
+
+ge-lenge, adj., _extending, reaching to, belonging_: nom. sg. yrfe-weard
+... lîce gelenge (_an heir belonging to one's body_), 2733.
+
+let, st. m., _place of rest, sojourn?_ in comp. eo-let (_voyage?_).
+
+lettan, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. pl. (acc. pers. and gen. thing), þät
+syððan nâ ... brim-lîðende lâde ne letton (_might no longer hinder
+seafarers from journeying_), 569.
+
+â-lêdon. See â-lecgan.
+
+lêg, st. m., _flame, fire_: nom. sg. wonna lêg (_the lurid flame_), 3116;
+swôgende lêg, 3146; dat. sg. for dracan lêge, 2550. See lîg.
+
+lêg-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, flaming dragon_: nom. sg., 3041.
+
+*leahan, leán, st. v. w. acc. _to scold, blame_: pres. sg. III. lyhð, 1049;
+pret. sg. lôg, 1812; pret. pl. lôgon, 203, 863.
+
+be-leán, _to dissuade, prevent_: inf. ne inc ænig mon ... beleán mihte
+sorhfullne sîð (_no one might dissuade you twain from your difficult
+journey_), 511.
+
+leahtre. See or-leahtre.
+
+leáf, st. n., _leaf, foliage_: instr. pl. leáfum, 97.
+
+leáfnes-word, st. n., _permission, leave_: acc. pl., 245.
+
+leán. See leahan.
+
+leán, st. n., _reward, compensation_: acc. sg., 114, 952, 1221, 1585, 2392;
+dat. sg. leáne, 1022. Often in the pl.: acc. þâ leán, 2996; dat. þam
+leánum, 2146; gen. leána, 2991.--Comp.: and-, ende-leán.
+
+leân (for læn, O.H.G. lêhan), st. n, _loan_, 1810.
+
+leánian, w. v., _to reward, compensate_: pres. sg. I. ic þe þâ fæhðe feó
+leánige (_repay thee for the contest with old-time treasures_), 1381; pret.
+sg. me þone wäl-ræs wine Scyldinga fättan golde fela leánode (_the friend
+of the Scyldings rewarded me richly for the combat with plated gold_),
+2103.
+
+leás, adj., _false_: nom. pl. leáse, 253.
+
+leás, adj., _deprived of, free from_, w. gen.: nom. sg. dreáma leás, 851;
+dat. sg. winigea leásum, 1665.--Comp.: dôm-, dreám-, ealdor-, feoh-,
+feormend-, hlâford-, sâwol-, sige-, sorh-, tîr-, þeóden-, wine-, wyn-leás.
+
+leásig, adj., _concealing one's self_; in comp. sin-leásig(?).
+
+leoðo-cräft, st. m., _the art of weaving_ or _working in meshes, wire_,
+etc.: instr. pl. segn eall-gylden ... gelocen leoðo-cräftum (_a banner all
+hand-wrought of interlaced gold_), 2770.
+
+leoðo-syrce, w. f., _shirt of mail (limb-sark)_: acc. sg. locene
+leoðo-syrcan (_locked linked sark_), 1506; acc. pl. locene leoðo-syrcan,
+1891.
+
+leomum. See lim.
+
+leornian, w. v., _to learn, devise, plan_: pret. him þäs gûð-cyning ...
+wräce leornode (_the war-king planned vengeance therefor_), 2337.
+
+leód, st. m., _prince_: nom. sg., 341, 348, 670, 830, 1433, 1493, 1613,
+1654, etc.; acc. leód, 626.
+
+leód, st. f., _people_: gen. sg. leóde, 597, 600, 697. In pl. indicates
+_individuals, people, kinsmen_: nom. pl. leóde, 362, 415, 1214, 2126, etc.;
+gum-cynnes Geáta leóde (_people of the race of the Geátas_), 260; acc. pl.
+leóde, 192, 443, 1337, 1346, etc.; dat. pl. leódum, 389, 521, 619, 698,
+906, 1160, etc.; gen. pl. leóda, 205, 635, 794, 1674, 2034, etc.
+
+leód-bealo, st. n., (_mischief, misfortune affecting an entire people_),
+_great, unheard-of calamity_: acc. sg., 1723; gen. pl. leód-bealewa, 1947.
+
+leód-burh, st. f., _princely castle, stronghold of a ruler, chief city_:
+acc. pl. -byrig, 2472.
+
+leód-cyning, st. m., _king of the people_: nom. sg., 54.
+
+leód-fruma, w. m., _prince of the people, ruler_: acc. sg. leód-fruman,
+2131.
+
+leód-gebyrgea, w. m., _protector of the people, prince_: acc. sg.
+-gebyrgean, 269.
+
+leód-hryre, st. m., _fall, overthrow, of the prince, ruler_: dat. sg. äfter
+leód-hryre (_after the fall of the king of the Heaðobeardas_, Frôda, cf.
+2051), 2031; gen. sg. þäs leód-hryres (of the fall of Heardred, cf. 2389),
+2392.
+
+leód-sceaða, w. m., _injurer of the people_: dat. sg. þam leód-sceaðan,
+2094.
+
+leód-scipe, st. m., _the whole nation, people_: acc. sg., 2752; dat. sg. on
+þam leód-scipe, 2198.
+
+leóð, st. n., _song, lay_: nom. sg., 1160.--Comp.: fyrd-, gryre-, gûð-,
+sorh-leóð.
+
+leóf, adj., _lief, dear_: nom. sg., 31, 54, 203, 511, 521, 1877, 2468; weak
+form m., leófa, 1217, 1484, 1855, 2664; acc. sg. m. leófne, 34, 297, 619,
+1944, 2128, 3109, 3143; gen. sg. leófes (m.), 1995, 2081, 2898; (neut.),
+1062, 2911; dat. pl. leófum, 1074; gen. pl. leófra, 1916. Compar. nom. sg.
+neut. leófre, 2652. Superl. nom. sg. m. leófost, 1297; acc. sg. þone
+leófestan, 2824.
+
+leóflîc, _dear, precious, valued_: nom. sg. m. leóflîc lind-wîga, 2604;
+acc. sg. neut. leóflîc îren, 1810.
+
+leógan, st. v., _to lie, belie, deceive_. subj. pres. näfne him his wlite
+leóge (_unless his looks belie him_), 250; pret. sg. he ne leág fela wyrda
+ne worda, 3030.
+
+â-leógan, _to deceive, leave unfulfilled_: pret. sg. he beót ne â-lêh (_he
+left not his promise unfulfilled_), 80.
+
+ge-leógan, _to deceive, betray_: pret. sg. him seó wên geleáh (_hope
+deceived him_), 2324.
+
+leóht, st. n., _light, brilliance_: nom. sg., 569, 728, 1751 (?); acc. sg.
+sunnan leóht, 649; godes leóht geceás (_chose God's light, died_), 2470;
+dat. sg. tô leóhte, 95.--Comp.: æfen-, fýr-, morgen-leóht.
+
+leóht, adj., _luminous, bright_: instr. sg. leóhtan sweorde, 2493.
+
+leóma, w. m.: 1) _light, splendor_: nom. sg., 311, 2770; acc. sg. leóman,
+1518; sunnan and mônan leóman (_light of sun and moon_), 95.--2) (as beadu-
+and hilde-leóma), _the glittering sword_: nom. sg. lixte se leóma (_the
+blade-gleam flashed_), 1571.
+
+leósan, st. v., = amitti, in
+
+be-leósan, _to deprive, be deprived of_: pres. part. (heó) wearð beloren
+leófum bearnum and brôðrum (_was deprived of her dear children and
+brethren_), 1074.
+
+for-leósan, with dat. instr., _to lose something_: pret. sg. þær he dôme
+for-leás, ellen-mærðum (_there lost he the glory, the repute, of his heroic
+deeds_), 1471; pret. sg. for pl. þâm þe ær his elne for-leás (_to him who,
+before, had lost his valor_), 2862; part. pret. nealles ic þâm leánum
+for-loren häfde (_not at all had I lost the rewards_), 2146.
+
+libban, w. v., _to live, be, exist_: pres. sing. III. lifað, 3169; lyfað,
+945; leofað, 975, 1367, 2009; subj. pres. sg. II. lifige, 1225; pres. part.
+lifigende, 816, 1954, 1974, 2063; dat. sg. be þe lifigendum (_in thy
+lifetime_), 2666; pret. sg. lifde, 57, 1258; lyfde, 2145; pret. pl. lifdon,
+99. See unlifigende.
+
+licgan, st. v.: 1) _to lie, lie down_ or _low_: pres. sg. nu seó hand ligeð
+(_now the hand lies low_), 1344; nu se wyrm ligeð, 2746, so 2904; inf.
+licgan, 3130; licgean, 967, 3083; pret. sg. läg, 40, 552, 2078; syððan
+Heardrêd läg (_after Heardrêd had fallen_), 2389; pret. pl. lâgon, 3049;
+lægon, 566.--2) _to lie prostrate, rest, fail_: pret. sg. næfre on ôre läg
+wîd-cûðes wîg (_never failed the far-famed one's valor at the front_),
+1042; syððan wiðer-gyld läg (_after vengeance failed_, or, _when Withergyld
+lay dead_, if _W._ is a proper name), 2052.
+
+â-licgan, _to succumb, fail, yield_: inf. 2887; pret. sg. þät his dôm â-läg
+(_that its power failed it_), 1529.
+
+ge-licgan, _to rest, lie still_: pret. sg. wind-blond geläg, 3147.
+
+lida, w. m., _boat, ship_ (as in motion); in comp.: sund-, ýð-lida.
+
+lid-man, st. m., _seafarer, sailor_: gen. pl. lid-manna, 1624.
+
+lim, st. n., _limb, branch_: instr. pl. leomum, 97.
+
+limpan, st. v., _to happen, befall_ (well or ill); impers. w. dat. pret.
+sg. hû lomp eów on lâde (_how went it with you on the journey?_), 1988.
+
+â-limpan, _to come about, offer itself_: pret. sg. ôð þät sæl â-lamp (_till
+the opportunity presented itself_), 623; pret. part, þâ him â-lumpen wäs
+wistfylle wên (_since a hope of a full meal had befallen him_), 734.
+
+be-limpan, _to happen to, befall_: pret. sg. him sió sâr belamp, 2469.
+
+ge-limpan, _to happen, occur, turn out_: pres. sg. III. hit eft gelimpeð
+þät..., 1754; subj. pres. þisse ansýne alwealdan þanc lungre gelimpe
+(_thanks to the Almighty forthwith for this sight!_), 930; pret. sg. him on
+fyrste gelamp þät..., 76; swâ him ful-oft gelamp (_as often happened to
+them_), 1253; þäs þe hire se willa gelamp þät ... (_because her wish had
+been fulfilled_), 627; frôfor eft gelamp sârig-môdum, 2942; subj. pret. gif
+him þyslîcu þearf gelumpe, 2638; pret. part. Denum eallum wearð ... willa
+gelumpen, 825.
+
+lind, st. f. (properly _linden_; here, a a wooden shield covered with
+linden-bark or pith): nom. sg., 2342; acc. sg. geolwe linde, 2611; acc. pl.
+linde, 2366.
+
+lind-gestealla, w. m., _shield-comrade, war-comrade_: nom. sg., 1974.
+
+lind-häbbend, pres. part., _provided with a shield_, i.e. warrior: nom. pl.
+-häbbende, 245; gen. pl. häbbendra, 1403.
+
+lind-plega, w. m., _shield-play_, i.e. battle: dat. sg. lind-plegan, 1074,
+2040.
+
+lind-wîga, w. m., _shield-fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 2604.
+
+linnan, st. v., _to depart, be deprived of_: inf. aldre linnan (_depart
+from life_), 1479; ealdres linnan, 2444.
+
+lis, st. f., _favor, affection_: gen. pl. eall ... lissa, 2151.
+
+list, st. m., _art, skill, cleverness, cunning_: dat. pl. adverbial, listum
+(_cunningly_), 782.
+
+lixan, w. v., _to shine, flash_: pret. sg. lixte, 311, 485, 1571.
+
+lîc, st. n.: 1) _body, corpse_: nom. sg., 967; acc. sg. lîc, 2081; þät lîc
+(_the body, corpse_), 2128; dat. sg. lîce, 734, 1504, 2424, 2572, 2733,
+2744; gen. sg. lîces, 451, 1123.-- 2) _form, figure_: in comp. eofor-,
+swîn-lîc.
+
+ge-lîc, adj., _like, similar_: nom. pl. m. ge-lîce, 2165. Superl.
+ge-lîcost, 218, 728, 986, 1609.
+
+lîc-hama, -homa, w. m. _(body-home, garment), body_: nom. sg. lîc-homa,
+813, 1008, 1755; acc. sg. lîc-haman, 2652; dat. sg. lîc-haman, 3179.
+
+lîcian, w. v., _to please, like_ (impers.): pres. sg. III. me þîn môd-sefa
+lîcað leng swâ wel, 1855; pret. pl. þam wîfe þâ word wel lîcodon, 640.
+
+lîcnes. See on-lîcnes.
+
+lîc-sâr, st. n., _bodily pain_: acc. sg. lîc-sâr, 816.
+
+lîc-syrce, w. f., _body-sark, shirt of mail covering the body_: nom. sg.,
+550.
+
+1îðan, st. v., _to move, go_: pres. part. nom. pl. þâ lîðende (_navigantes,
+sailors_), 221; þâ wäs sund liden (_the water was then traversed_),
+223.--Comp.: heáðu-, mere-, wæg-lîðend.
+
+lîðe (O.H.G. lindi), adj., _gentle, mild, friendly_: nom. sg. w. instr.
+gen. lâra lîðe, 1221. Superl. nom. sg. lîðost, 3184.
+
+lið-wæge, st. n., _can in which lîð_ (a wine-like, foaming drink) _is
+contained_: acc. sg., 1983.
+
+lîf, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. lîf, 97, 734, 1537, 2424, 2744, 2752; dat.
+sg. lîfe, 2572; tô lîfe (_in one's life, ever_) 2433; gen. sg. lîfes, 197,
+791, 807, 2824, 2846; worolde lîfes (_of the earthly life_), 1388,
+2344.--Comp. edwît-lîf.
+
+lîf-bysig, adj. _(striving for life or death), weary of life, in torment of
+death_: nom. sg., 967.
+
+lîf-dagas, st. m. pl., _lifetime_: acc.-dagas, 794, 1623.
+
+lîf-freá, w. m., _lord of life, God_: nom. sg., 16.
+
+lîf-gedâl, st. n., _separation from life_: nom. sg., 842.
+
+lîf-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, destiny_: gen. pl.-gesceafta, 1954, 3065.
+
+lîf-wraðu, st. f., _protection for one's life, safety_: acc. sg. lîf-wraðe,
+2878; dat. sg. tô lîf-wraðe, 972.
+
+lîf-wyn, st. f., _pleasure, enjoyment, joy_ (of life): gen. pl. lîf-wynna,
+2098.
+
+lîg, st. m. n., _flame, fire_: nom. sg., 1123; dat. instr. sg. lîge, 728,
+2306, 2322, 2342; gen. sg. lîges, 83, 782. See lêg.
+
+lîg-draca, w. m., _ fire-drake, flaming dragon_; nom. pl., 2334. See
+lêg-draca.
+
+lîg-egesa, w. m., _horror arising through fire, flaming terror_: acc. sg.,
+2781.
+
+lîge-torn, st. m., _false, pretended insult_ or _injury, fierce anger_(?):
+dat. sg. äfter lîge-torne _(on account of a pretended insult?_ or _fierce
+anger?_ cf. Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 208), 1944.
+
+lîg-ýð, st. m., _wave of fire_: instr. pl. lîg-ýðum, 2673.
+
+león, st. v., _to lend_: pret. sg. þät him on þearfe lâh þyle Hrôðgâres
+(_which H.'s spokesman lent him in need_), 1457.
+
+on-leóon, _to lend, grant as a loan_, with gen. of thing and dat. pers.:
+pret. sg. þâ he þäs wæpnes on-lâh sêlran sweord-frecan, 1468.
+
+loca, w. m., _bolt, lock_: in comp. bân-, burh-loca.
+
+locen. See lûcan.
+
+lond, long. See land, lang.
+
+lof, st. m. n., _praise, repute_: acc. sg. lof, 1537.
+
+lof-dæd, st. f., _deed of praise_: instr. pl. lof-dædum, 24.
+
+lof-georn, adj., _eager for praise, ambitious_: superl. nom. sg.
+lof-geornost, 3184.
+
+loga, w. m., _liar_; in comp. treów-loga.
+
+losian, w. v., _to escape, flee_: pres. sg. III. losað, 1393, 2063; pret.
+sg. he on weg losade (_fled away_), 2097.
+
+lôcian, w. v., _to see, look at_: pres. sg. II. sæ-lâc ... þe þu her tô
+lôcast (_booty of the sea that thou lookest on_), 1655.
+
+ge-lôme, adv., _often, frequently_, 559.
+
+lufe, w. f., _love_: in comp. heáh-, môd-, wîf-lufe.
+
+lufa (cf. and-leofa, big-leofa, _nourishment_), w. m., _food, subsistence;
+property, real estate_: acc. sg. on lufan (_on possessions_), 1729.--Comp.
+eard-lufa.
+
+lufen, st. f. (cf. lufa), _subsistence, food; real estate, (enjoyment?)_:
+nom. sg. lufen (parallel with êðel-wyn), 2887.
+
+luf-tâcen, st. n., _love-token_: acc. pl. luf-tâcen, 1864.
+
+lufian, w. v., _to love, serve affectionately_: pret. sg. III. lufode þâ
+leóde (_was on affectionate terms with the people_), 1983.
+
+lungre, adv.: 1) _hastily, quickly, forthwith_, 930, 1631, 2311, 2744.--2)
+_quite, very, fully_: feówer mearas lungre gelîce (_four horses quite
+alike_), 2165.
+
+lust, st. m., _pleasure, joy_: dat. pl. adv. lustum (_joyfully_), 1654; so,
+on lust, 619, cf. 600.
+
+lûcan, st. v., _to twist, wind, lock, interweave_: pret. part. acc. sg. and
+pl. locene leoðo-syrcan (_shirt of mail wrought of meshes or rings
+interlocked_), 1506, 1891; gen. pl. locenra beága (_rings wrought of gold
+wire_), 2996.
+
+be-lûcan: 1) _to shut, close in or around_: pret. sg. winter ýðe be-leác
+îs-gebinde (_winter locked the waves with icy bond_), 1133.-- 2) _to shut
+in, off, preserve, protect_: pret. sg. I. hig wîge beleác manegum mægða (_I
+shut them in, protected them, from war arising from many a tribe_), 1771.
+Cf. me wîge belûc wrâðum feóndum (_protect me against mine enemies_), Ps.
+34, 3.
+
+ge-lûcan, _to unite, link together, make_: pret. part. gelocen, 2770.
+
+on-lûcan, _to unlock, open_: pret. sg. word-hord on-leác (_opened the
+word-hoard, treasure of speech_), 259.
+
+tô-lucan, _(to twist, wrench, in two) to destroy_: inf., 782.
+
+lyft, st. f. (m. n.?), _air_: nom. sg., 1376; dat. sg. äfter lyfte (_along,
+through, the air_), 2833.
+
+lyft-floga, w. m., _air-flier_: nom. sg. (of the dragon), 2316.
+
+lyft-geswenced, pret. part., _urged, hastened on, by the wind_, 1914.
+
+lyft-wyn, st. f., _enjoyment of the air_: acc. sg. lyft-wynne, 3044.
+
+lyhð. See leahan.
+
+lystan, w. v., _to lust after, long for_: pret. sg. Geát ungemetes wel ...
+restan lyste(_the Geát_ [Beówulf] _longed sorely to rest_), 1794.
+
+lyt, adj. neut. (= parum), _little, very little, few_: lyt eft becwom ...
+hâmes niósan (_few escaped homeward_), 2366; lyt ænig (_none at all_),
+3130; usually with gen.: wintra lyt, 1928; lyt ... heáfod-mâga, 2151;
+wergendra tô lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; lyt swîgode nîwra spella (_he
+kept to himself little, none at all, of the new tidings_), 2898; dat. sg.
+lyt manna (_too few of men_), 2837.
+
+lytel, adj., _small, little_: nom. sg. neut. tô lytel, 1749; acc. sg. f.
+lytle hwîle (_a little while_), 2031, 2098; lif-wraðe lytle (_little
+protection for his life_), 2878.--Comp. un-lytel.
+
+lyt-hwôn, adv., _little = not at all_: lyt-hwôn lôgon, 204.
+
+lýfe, st. n., _leave, permission, (life?)_: instr. sg. þîne lýfe (life,
+MS.), 2132.--Leo. Cf. O.N. leyfi, n., _leave, permission_, in Möbius'
+Glossary, p. 266.
+
+lýfan, w. v., (fundamental meaning _to believe, trust_) in
+
+â-lýfan, _to allow, grant, entrust_: pret. sg. næfre ic ænegum men ær
+âlýfde ... þryð-ärn Dena (_never before to any man have I entrusted the
+palace of the Danes_), 656; pret. part. (þâ me wäs) sîð ... âlýfed inn
+under eorð-weall (_the way in under the wall of earth was allowed me_),
+3090.
+
+ge-lýfan, w. v., _to believe, trust_: 1) w. dat.: inf. þær gelýfan sceal
+dryhtnes dôme se þe hine deáð nimeð (_whomever death carrieth away, shall
+believe it to be the judgment of God_, i.e. in the contest between Beówulf
+and Grendel), 440.--2) w. acc.: pret. sg. geóce gelýfde brego Beorht-Dena
+(_believed in, expected, help_, etc.), 609; þät heó on ænigne eorl gelýfde
+fyrena frôfre (_that she at last should expect from any earl comfort, help,
+out of these troubles_), 628; se þe him bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (_who
+trusted in him as a help out of evils_), 910; him tô anwaldan âre gelýfde
+(_relied for himself on the help of God_), 1273.
+
+â-lýsan, w. v., _to loose, liberate_: pret. part. þâ wäs of þäm hrôran helm
+and byrne lungre â-lýsed (_helm and corselet were straightway loosed from
+him_), 1631.
+
+
+M
+
+maðelian, w. v. (sermocinari), _to speak, talk_: pret. sg. maðelode, 286,
+348, 360, 371, 405, 456, 499, etc.; maðelade, 2426.
+
+maga, w. m., _son, male descendant, young man_: nom. sg. maga Healfdenes
+(Hrôðgâr), 189, 1475, 2144; maga Ecgþeówes (Beówulf), 2588: maga (Grendel),
+979; se maga geonga (Wîglâf), 2676; Grendeles maga (_a relative of
+Grendel_), 2007; acc. sg. þone magan, 944.
+
+magan, v. with pret.-pres. form, _to be able_: pres. sg. I. III. mäg, 277,
+478, 931, 943, 1485, 1734, etc.; II. meaht þu, 2048; subj. pres. mæge,
+2531, 2750; þeáh ic eal mæge (_even though I could_), 681; subj. pl. we
+mægen, 2655; pret. sg. meahte, 542, 755, 1131, 1660, 2465, etc.; mihte,
+190, 207, 462, 511, 571, 657, 1509, 2092, 2610; mehte, 1083, 1497, 1516,
+1878; pl. meahton, 649, 942, 1455, 1912, 2374, 3080; mihton, 308, 313,
+2684, 3164; subj. pret. sg. meahte, 243, 763, 2521; pres. sg. mäg,
+sometimes = licet, _may, can, will_ (fut.), 1366, 1701, 1838, 2865.
+
+mago (Goth. magu-s), st. m., _male, son_: nom. sg. mago Ecglâfes (Hunferð),
+1466; mago Healfdenes (Hrôðgâr), 1868, 2012.
+
+mago-dryht, st. f., _troop of young men, band of men_: nom. sg. mago-driht,
+67.
+
+mago-rinc, st. m., _hero, man_ (preeminently): gen. pl. mago-rinca, heáp,
+731.
+
+magu-þegn, mago-þegn, st. m., _vassal, war-thane_: nom. sg. 408, 2758; dat.
+sg. magu-þegne, 2080; acc. pl. magu-þegnas, 293; dat. pl. mago-þegnum,
+1481; gen. pl. mago-þegna ... þone sêlestan (_the best of vassals_), 1406.
+
+man, mon, st. m.: 1) _man, human being_: nom. sg. man, 25, 503, 534, 1049,
+1354, 1399, 1535, 1877, etc.; mon, 209, 510, 1561, 1646, 2282, etc.; acc.
+sg. w. mannan, 297, 577, 1944, 2128, 2775; wîd-cûðne man, 1490; dat. sg.
+men, 656, 753, 1880; menn, 2190; gen. sg. mannes, 1195 (?), 2081, 2534,
+2542; monnes, 1730; nom. pl. men, 50, 162, 233, 1635, 3167; acc. pl. men,
+69, 337, 1583, 1718; dat. pl. mannum, 3183; gen. pl. manna, 155, 201, 380,
+702, 713, 736, etc.; monna, 1414, 2888.--2) indef. pron. = _one, they,
+people_ (Germ. _man_): man, 1173, 1176; mon, 2356, 3177.--Comp.: fyrn-,
+gleó-, gum-, iú-, lid-, sæ-, wæpned-man.
+
+man. See munan.
+
+man-cyn, st. n., _mankind_: dat. sg. man-cynne, 110; gen. sg. man-cynnes,
+164, 2182; mon-cynnes, 196, 1956.
+
+man-dreám, st. m., _human joy, mundi voluptas_: acc. sg. man-dreám, 1265;
+dat. pl. mon-dreámum, 1716.
+
+man-dryhten, st. m. (_lord of men_), _ruler of the people, prince, king_:
+nom. sg. man-dryhten, 1979, 2648; mon-drihten, 436; mon-dryhten, 2866; acc.
+sg. mon-dryhten, 2605; dat. sg. man-drihtne, 1230; man-dryhtne, 1250, 2282;
+gen. sg. man-dryhtnes, 2850; mon-dryhtnes, 3150.
+
+ge-mang, st. m., _troop, company_: dat. sg. on gemonge (_in the troop_ [of
+the fourteen Geátas that returned from the sea]), 1644.
+
+manian, w. v., _to warn, admonish_: pres. sg. III. manað swâ and myndgað
+... sârum wordum (_so warneth and remindeth he with bitter words_), 2058.
+
+manig, monig, adj., _many, many a, much_: 1) adjectively: nom. sg. rinc
+manig, 399; geong manig (_many a young man_), 855; monig snellîc sæ-rinc,
+690; medu-benc monig, 777; so 839, 909, 919, 1511, 2763, 3023, etc.; acc.
+sg. medo-ful manig, 1016; dat. sg. m. þegne monegum, 1342, 1420; dat. sg.
+f. manigre mægðe, 75; acc. pl. manige men, 337; dat. pl. manegum mâðmum,
+2104; monegum mægðum, 5; gen. pl. manigra mêda, 1179.--2) substantively:
+nom. sg. manig, 1861; monig, 858; dat. sg. manegum, 349, 1888; nom. pl.
+manige, 1024; monige, 2983; acc. pl. monige, 1599; gen. pl. manigra,
+2092.--3) with depend. gen. pl.: dat. manegum mægða, 1772; monegum fira,
+2002; häleða monegum bold-âgendra, 3112; acc. pl. rinca manige, 729;
+(mâðm)-æhta monige, 1614.
+
+manig-oft, adv., _very often, frequently_, 171 [if manig and oft are to be
+connected].
+
+man-lîce, adv., _man-like, manly_, 1047.
+
+man-þwære, adj., _kind, gentle toward men, philanthropic_: nom. sg. superl.
+mon-þwærust, 3183.
+
+mâ, contracted compar., _more_: with partitive gen., 504, 736, 1056.
+
+mâðum, mâððum, st. m., _gift, jewel, object of value_: acc. sg. mâððum,
+169, 1053, 2056, 3017; dat. instr. sg. mâðme, 1529, 1903; nom. pl. mâðmas,
+1861; acc. pl. mâdmas, 385, 472, 1028, 1483, 1757, 1868, etc.; dat. instr.
+pl. mâðmum, mâdmum, 1049, 1899, 2104, 2789; gen. pl. mâðma, 1785, 2144,
+2167, etc.; mâdma, 36, 41.--Comp.: dryht-, gold-, hord-, ofer-, sinc-,
+wundor-mâðum.
+
+mâðm-æht, st. f., _treasure in jewels, costly objects_: gen. pl. mâðm-æhta,
+1614, 2834.
+
+mâððum-fät, st. n., _treasure-casket_ or _cup, costly vessel_: nom. sg.,
+2406.
+
+mâðm-gestreón, st. n., _precious jewel_: gen. pl. mâðm-gestreóna, 1932.
+
+mâðum-gifu, st. f., _gift of valuable objects, largess of treasure_: dat.
+sg. äfter mâððum-gife, 1302.
+
+mâðum-sigl, st. n., _costly, sun-shaped ornament, valuable decoration_:
+gen. pl. mâððum-sigla, 2758.
+
+mâðum-sweord, st. n., _costly sword_ (inlaid with gold and jewels): acc.
+sg., 1024.
+
+mâðum-wela, w. m., _wealth of jewels, valuables_:: dat. sg.
+äfter-mâððum-welan (_after the sight of the wealth of jewels_), 2751.
+
+mâgas. See mæg.
+
+mâge, w. f., _female relative_: gen. sg. Grendles mâgan (_mother_), 1392.
+
+mân, st. n., _crime, misdeed_: instr. sg. mâne, 110, 979; adv.,
+_criminally_, 1056.
+
+mân-for-dædla, w. m., _evil-doer, criminal_: nom. pl. mân-for-dædlan, 563.
+
+mân-scaða, w. m., _mischievous, hurtful foe, hostis nefastus_: nom. sg.
+713, 738, 1340; mân-sceaða, 2515.
+
+mâra (comp. of micel), adj., _greater, stronger, mightier_: nom. sg. m.
+mâra, 1354, 2556; neut. mâre, 1561; acc. sg. m. mâran, 2017; mund-gripe
+mâran (_a mightier hand-grip_), 754; with following gen. pl. mâran ...
+eorla (_a more powerful earl_), 247; fem. mâran, 533, 1012; neut. mâre,
+518; with gen. pl. morð-beala mâre _(more, greater, deeds of murder_), 136;
+gen. sg. f. mâran, 1824.
+
+mæst (superl. of micel, mâra), _greatest, strongest_: nom. sg. neut. (with
+partitive gen.), mæst, 78, 193; fem. mæst, 2329; acc. sg. fem. fæhðe mæste,
+459; mæste ... worolde wynne (_the highest earthly pleasure_), 1080; neut.
+n. (with partitive gen.) mæst mærða, 2646; hond-wundra mæst, 2769; bæl-fýra
+mæst, 3144; instr. sg. m. mæste cräfte, 2182.
+
+mäcg. See mecg.
+
+mägð, st. f., _wife, maid, woman_: nom. sg., 3017; gen. pl. mägða hôse
+(_accompanied by her maids of honor_), 925; mägða, 944, 1284.
+
+mägen, st. n.: 1) _might, bodily strength, heroic power_: acc. sg. mägen,
+518, 1707; instr. sg. mägene, 780(?), 2668; gen. sg. mägenes, 418, 1271,
+1535, 1717, etc.; mägnes, 671, 1762; mägenes strang, strengest (_great in
+strength_), 1845, 196; mägenes rôf (id.), 2085.--2) _prime, flower_ (of a
+nation), _forces available in war_: acc. sg. swâ he oft (i.e. etan) dyde
+mägen Hrêðmanna (_the best of the Hreðmen_), 445; gen. sg. wið manna hwone
+mägenes Deniga (_from(?) any of the men of the Danes_), 155.--Comp.
+ofer-mägen.
+
+mägen-âgend, pres. part., _having great strength, valiant_: gen. pl.
+-âgendra, 2838.
+
+mägen-byrðen, st. f., _huge burthen_: acc. sg. mägen-byrðenne, 3092; dat.
+(instr.) sg., 1626.
+
+mägen-cräft, st. m., _great, hero-like, strength_: acc. sg., 380.
+
+mägen-ellen, st. n. (the same), acc. sg., 660.
+
+mägen-fultum, st. m., _material aid_: gen. pl. näs þät þonne mætost
+mägen-fultuma (_that was not the least of strong helps_, i.e. the sword
+Hrunting), 1456.
+
+mägen-ræs, st. m., _mighty attack, onslaught_: acc. sg., 1520.
+
+mägen-strengo, st. f., _main strength, heroic power_: acc. sg., 2679.
+
+mägen-wudu, st. m., _might-wood_, i.e. the spear, lance: acc. sg., 236.
+
+mäst, st. m., _mast_: nom. sg., 1899; dat. sg. be mäste (_beside the
+mast_), 36; _to the mast_, 1906.
+
+mæðum. See mâðum, hyge-mæðum.
+
+mæg, st. m., _kinsman by blood_: nom. sg. mæg, 408, 738, 759, 814, 915,
+1531, 1945, etc; (_brother_), 468, 2605? acc. sg. mæg (_son_), 1340;
+(_brother_), 2440, 2485, 2983; dat. sg. mæge, 1979; gen. sg. mæges, 2629,
+2676, 2699, 2880; nom. pl. mâgas, 1016; acc. pl. mâgas, 2816; dat. pl.
+mâgum, 1179, 2615, 3066; (_to brothers_), 1168; mægum, 2354; gen. pl. mâga,
+247, 1080, 1854, 2007, 2743.--Comp.: fäderen-, heáfod-, wine-mæg.
+
+mæg-burh, st. f., _borough of blood-kinsmen, entire population united by
+ties of blood_; (in wider sense) _race, people, nation_: gen. sg.
+lond-rihtes ... þære mæg-burge (_of land possessions among the people_,
+i.e. of the Geátas), 2888.
+
+mægð, st. f., _race, people_: acc. sg. mægðe, 1012; dat. sg. mægðe, 75;
+dat. pl. mægðum, 5; gen. pl. mægða, 25, 1772.
+
+mæg-wine, st. m., _blood kinsman, friend_, 2480 (nom. pl.).
+
+mæl, st. n.: l) _time, point of time_: nom. sg. 316; þâ wäs sæl and mæl
+(_there was_ [appropriate] _chance and time_), 1009; acc. sg. mæl, 2634;
+instr. pl. ærran mælum, 908, 2238, 3036; gen. pl. mæla, 1250; sæla and
+mæla, 1612; mæla gehwylce (_each time, without intermission_), 2058.--2)
+_sword, weapon_: nom. sg. broden (brogden) mæl (_the drawn sword_), 1617,
+1668 (cf. Grimm, Andreas and Elene, p. 156).--3) _mole, spot,
+mark_.--Comp.: græg-, hring-, sceaðen-, wunden-mæl.
+
+mæl-cearu, st. f., _long-continued sorrow, grief_: acc. sg. mæl-ceare, 189.
+
+mæl-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, appointed time_: acc. pl. ie on earde bâd
+mæl-gesceafta (_awaited the time allotted for me by fate_), 2738.
+
+mænan, w. v., with acc. in the sense of (1) _to remember, mention,
+proclaim_: inf. mænan, 1068; pret. part. þær wäs Beówulfes mærðo mæned,
+858.--2) _to mention sorrowfully, mourn_: inf. 3173; pret. sg. giohðo mænde
+(_mourned sorrowfully_), 2268; pret. pl. mændon, 1150, 3150.
+
+ge-mænan (see mân), w. v. with acc., _to injure maliciously, break_: subj.
+pret. pl. ge-mænden, 1102.
+
+ge-mæne, adj., _common, in common_: nom. sg. gemæne, 2474; þær unc hwîle
+wäs hand gemæne (i.e. in battle), 2138; sceal ûrum þät sweord and helm bâm
+gemæne (i.e. wesan), 2661; nom. pl. gemæne, 1861; dat. pl. þät þâm folcum
+sceal ... sib gemænum (attraction for gemæne, i.e. wesan), 1858; gen. pl.
+unc sceal (i.e. wesan) fela mâðma gemænra (_we two shall share many
+treasures together_), 1785.
+
+mærðu, st. f.: 1) _glory, a heroes fame_: nom. sg. 858; acc. sg. mærðo,
+660, 688; acc. pl. mærða, 2997; instr. pl. mærðum (_gloriously_), 2515:
+gen. pl. mærða, 504, 1531.--2) _deed of glory, heroism_: acc. sg. mærðo,
+2135; gen. pl. mærða, 408, 2646.--Comp. ellen-mærðu.
+
+mære, adj., _memorable; celebrated, noble; well known, notorious_: nom. sg.
+m. mære, 103, 129, 1716, 1762; se mæra, 763, 2012, 2588; also as vocative
+m. se mæra, 1475; nom. fem. mæru, 2017; mære, 1953; neut. mære, 2406; acc.
+sg. m. mærne, 36, 201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2789, 3099; neut. mære, 1024;
+dat. sg. mærum, 345, 1302, 1993, 2080, 2573; tô þäm mæran, 270; gen. sg.
+mæres, 798; mæran, 1730; nom. pl. mære, 3071; superl. mærost, 899,--Comp.:
+fore-, heaðo-mære.
+
+mæst. See mâra.
+
+mæte, adj., _moderate, small_: superl. nom. sg. mætost, 1456.
+
+mecg, mäcg, st. m., _son, youth, man_. in comp. hilde-, oret-mecg,
+wräc-mäcg.
+
+medla. See on-medla.
+
+medu, st. m., _mead_: acc. sg. medu, 2634; dat. sg. tô medo, 605.
+
+medo-ärn, st. n., _mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-ärn (Heorot), 69.
+
+medu-benc, st. f., _mead-bench, bench in the mead-hall_: nom. sg.
+medu-benc, 777; dat. sg. medu-bence, 1053; medo-bence, 1068, 2186;
+meodu-bence, 1903.
+
+medu-dreám, st. m., _mead-joy, joyous carousing during mead-drinking_: acc.
+sg. 2017.
+
+medo-ful, st. n., _mead-cup_: acc. sg. 625, 1016.
+
+medo-heal, st. f., _mead-hall_: nom. sg., 484; dat. sg. meodu-healle, 639.
+
+medu-scenc, st. m., _mead-can, vessel_: instr. pl. meodu-scencum, 1981.
+
+medu-seld, st. n., _mead-seat, mead-house_: acc. sg., 3066.
+
+medo-setl, st. n., _mead-seat upon which one sits mead-drinking_: gen. pl.
+meodo-setla, 5.
+
+medo-stîg, st. f., _mead-road, road to the mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-stîg,
+925.
+
+medo-wang, st. m., _mead-field_ (where the mead-hall stood): acc. pl.
+medo-wongas, 1644.
+
+meðel, st. n., _assembly, council_: dat. sg. on meðle, 1877.
+
+meðel-stede, st. m., (properly _place of speech, judgment-seat_), here
+_meeting-place, battle-field_ (so, also 425, the battle is conceived under
+the figure of a parliament or convention): dat. sg. on þäm meðel-stede,
+1083.
+
+meðel-word, st. n., _words called forth at a discussion; address_: instr.
+pl. meðel-wordum, 236.
+
+melda, w. m., _finder, informer, betrayer_: gen. sg. þäs meldan, 2406.
+
+meltan, st. v. intrans., _to consume by fire, melt or waste away_: inf.,
+3012; pret. sg. mealt, 2327; pl. multon, 1121.
+
+ge-meltan, the same: pret. sg. gemealt, 898, 1609, 1616; ne gemealt him se
+môd-sefa (_his courage did not desert him_), 2629.
+
+men. See man.
+
+mene, st. m., _neck ornament, necklace, collar_: acc. sg., 1200.
+
+mengan, w. v., _to mingle, unite, with_, w. acc. of thing: inf. se þe
+mere-grundas mengan scolde, 1450.
+
+ge-mengan, _to mix with, commingle_: pret. part. 849, 1594.
+
+menigu, st. f., _multitude, many_: nom. and acc. sg. mâðma menigeo
+(_multitude of treasures, presents_), 2144; so, mänigo, 41.
+
+mercels, st. m., _mark, aim_: gen. sg. mercelses, 2440.
+
+mere, st. m., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg. se mere, 1363; acc. sg. on mere, 1131,
+1604; on nicera mere, 846; dat. sg. fram mere, 856.
+
+mere-deór, st. n., _sea-beast_: acc. sg., 558.
+
+mere-fara, w. m., _seafarer_: gen. sg. mere-faran, 502.
+
+mere-fix, st. m., _sea-fish_: gen. pl. mere-fixa (_the whale_, cf. 540),
+549.
+
+mere-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom_: acc. sg., 2101; acc. pl. mere-grundas,
+1450.
+
+mere-hrägl, st. n., _-sea-garment_, i.e., sail: gen. pl. mere-hrägla sum,
+1906.
+
+mere-lîðend, pres. part., _moving on the sea, sailor_: nom. pl.
+mere-lîðende, 255.
+
+mere-stræt, st. f., _sea-street, way over the sea_: acc. pl. mere-stræta
+514.
+
+mere-strengo, st. f., _sea-power, strength in the sea_: acc. sg., 533.
+
+mere-wîf, st. n., _sea-woman, mer-woman_: acc. sg. (of Grendel's mother),
+1520.
+
+mergen. See morgen.
+
+met, st. n., _thought, intention_ (cf. metian = meditari): acc. pl. onsæl
+meoto, 489 (meaning doubtful; see Bugge, Journal 8, 292; Dietrich, Haupt's
+Zeits. 11, 411; Körner, Eng. Stud. 2, 251).
+
+ge-met, st. n., _an apportioned share; might, power, ability _: nom. sg.
+nis þät ... gemet mannes nefne mîn ânes (_nobody, myself excepted, can do
+that_), 2534; acc. sg. ofer mîn gemet (_beyond my power_), 2880; dat. sg.
+mid gemete, 780.
+
+ge-met, adj., _well-measured, meet, good_: nom. sg. swâ him gemet þince
+(þûhte), (_as seemed meet to him_), 688, 3058. See un-gemete, adv.
+
+metan, st. v., _to measure, pass over_ or _along_: pret. pl. fealwe stræte
+mearum mæton (_measured the yellow road with their horses_), 918; so, 514,
+1634.
+
+ge-metan, the same: pret. sg. medu-stîg gemät.(_measured, walked over, the
+road to the mead-hall_), 925.
+
+metod, st. m. (the measuring, arranging) _Creator, God_: nom. sg., 110,
+707, 968, 1058, 2528; scîr metod, 980; sôð metod, 1612; acc. sg. metod,
+180; dat. sg. metode, 169, 1779; gen. sg. metodes, 671.--Comp. eald-metod.
+
+metod-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _the Creator's determination, divine purpose,
+fate_: acc. sg. -sceaft, 1078.--2) _the Creators glory_: acc. sg.
+metod-sceaft seón (i.e. die), 1181; dat. sg. tô metod-sceafte, 2816.
+
+mêce, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg., 1939; acc. sg. mêce, 2048; brâdne mêce,
+2979; gen. sg. mêces, 1766, 1813, 2615, 2940; dat. pl. instr. mêcum, 565;
+gen. pl. mêca, 2686.--Comp.: beado-, häft-, hilde-mêce.
+
+mêd, st. f., _meed, reward_: acc. sg. mêde, 2135; dat. sg. mêde, 2147; gen.
+pl. mêda, 1179.
+
+ge-mêde, st. n., _approval, permission_ (Grein): acc. pl. ge-mêdu, 247.
+
+mêðe, adj., _tired, exhausted, dejected_: in comp. hyge-, sæ-mêðe.
+
+mêtan, w. v., _to meet, find, fall in with_: with acc., pret. pl. syððan
+Äscheres ... hafelan mêtton, 1422; subj. pret. sg. þät he ne mêtte ... on
+elran man mundgripe mâran (_that he never met, in any other man, with a
+mightier hand-grip_), 752.
+
+ge-mêtan, with acc., the same: pret. sg. gemêtte, 758, 2786; pl. näs þâ
+long tô þon, þät þâ aglæcean hy eft gemêtton (_it was not long after that
+the warriors again met each other_), 2593.
+
+ge-mêting, st. f., _meeting, hostile coming together_: nom. sg., 2002.
+
+meagol, adj., _mighty, immense; formal, solemn_: instr. pl. meaglum wordum,
+1981.
+
+mearc, st. f., _frontier, limit, end_: dat. sg. tô mearce (_the end of
+life_), 2385.--Comp. Weder-mearc, 298.
+
+ge-mearc, st. n., _measure, distance_: comp. fôt-, mîl-ge-mearc.
+
+mearcian, w. v., _to mark, stain_: pres. ind. sg. mearcað môrhopu (_will
+stain, mark, the moor with the blood of the corpse_), 450.
+
+ge-mearcian, the same: pret. part. (Cain) morðre gemearcod (_murder-marked_
+[cf. 1 Book Mos. IV. 15]), 1265; swâ wäs on þæm scennum ... gemearcod ...
+hwâm þät sweord geworht wære (_engraved for whom the sword had been
+wrought_), 1696.
+
+mearc-stapa, w. m., _march-strider, frontier-haunter_ (applied to Grendel
+and his mother): nom. sg., 103; acc. pl. mearc-stapan, 1349.
+
+mearh, st. m., _horse, steed_: nom. pl. mearas, 2164; acc. pl. mearas, 866,
+1036; dat. pl. inst. mearum, 856, 918; mearum and mâðmum, 1049, 1899; gen.
+pl. meara and mâðma, 2167.
+
+mearn. See murnan.
+
+meodu. See medu.
+
+meoto. See met.
+
+meotud. See metod.
+
+meowle, w. f., _maiden_: comp. geó-meowle.
+
+micel, adj., _great, huge, long_ (of time): nom. sg. m., 129, 502; fem.,
+67, 146, 170; neut., 772; acc. sg. m. micelne, 3099; fem, micle, 1779,
+3092; neut. micel, 270, 1168. The comp. mâre must be supplied before þone
+in: medo-ärn micel ... (mâre) þone yldo beam æfre ge-frunon, 69; instr. sg.
+ge-trume micle, 923; micle (_by much, much_); micle leófre (_far dearer_),
+2652; efne swâ micle (lässa), (_[less] even by so much_), 1284; oftor micle
+(_much oftener_), 1580; dat. sg, weak form miclan, 2850; gen. sg. miclan,
+979. The gen. sg. micles is an adv. = _much, very_: micles wyrðne gedôn
+(_deem worthy of much_, i.e. honor very highly), 2186; tô fela micles (_far
+too much, many_), 695; acc. pl. micle, 1349. Compar., see mâra.
+
+mid, I. prep. w. dat., instr., and acc., signifying preëminently _union,
+community, with_, hence: 1) w. dat.: a) _with, in company, community,
+with_; mid Finne, 1129; mid Hrôðgâre, 1593; mid scip-herge, 243; mid
+gesîðum (_with his comrades_), 1314; so, 1318, 1964, 2950, etc.; mid his
+freó-drihtne, 2628; mid þæm lâcum (_with the gifts_), 1869; so, 2789, 125;
+mid hæle (_with good luck!_), 1218; mid bæle fôr (_sped off amid fire_),
+2309. The prep. postponed: him mid (_with him, in his company_), 41; _with
+him_, 1626; ne wäs him Fitela mid (_was not with him_), 890. b) _with,
+among_: mid Geátum (_among the Geátas_), 195, 2193, 2624; mid Scyldingum,
+274; mid Eotenum, 903; mid yldum (eldum), 77, 2612; mid him (_with, among,
+one another_), 2949. In temporal sense: mid ær-däge (_at dawn_), 126.--2)
+_with, with the help of, through_, w. dat.: mid âr-stafum (_through his
+grace_), 317; so, 2379; mid grâpe (_with the fist_), 438; so, 1462, 2721;
+mid his hete-þoncum (_through his hatred_), 475; mid sweorde, 574; so,
+1660, 2877; mid gemete (_through, by, his power_), 780; so, 1220, 2536,
+2918; mid gôde (_with benefits_), 1185; mid hearme (_with harm, insult_),
+1893; mid þære sorge (_with [through?] this sorrow_), 2469; mid rihte (_by
+rights_), 2057. With instr.: mid þý wîfe (_through [marriage with] the
+woman_), 2029.--3) w. acc., _with, in community, company, with_: mid his
+eorla gedriht, 357; so, 634, 663, 1673; mid hine, 880; mid mînne
+gold-gyfan, 2653.
+
+II. adv., mid, _thereamong, in the company_, 1643; _at the same time,
+likewise_, 1650.
+
+middan-geard, st. m., _globe, earth_: acc. sg., 75, 1772; dat. sg. on
+middan-gearde, 2997; gen. sg. middan-geardes, 504, 752.
+
+midde, w. f., _middle = medius_: dat. sg. on middan (_through the middle,
+in two_), 2706; gen. sg. (adv.) tô-middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+middel-niht, st. f., _midnight_: dat. pl. middel-nihtum, 2783, 2834.
+
+miht, st. f., _might, power, authority_: acc. sg. þurh drihtnes miht
+(_through the Lord's help, power_), 941; instr. pl. selfes mihtum, 701.
+
+mihtig, adj.: 1) _physically strong, powerful_: acc. sg. mihtig mere-deór,
+558; mere-wîf mihtig, 1520.--2) _possessing authority, mighty_: nom. sg.
+mihtig god, 702, 1717, 1726; dat. sg. mihtigan drihtne, 1399.--Comp.: äl-,
+fore-mihtig.
+
+milde, adj., _kind, gracious, generous_: nom. sg. môdes milde
+(_kind-hearted_), 1230; instr. pl. mildum wordum (_graciously_), 1173.
+Superl. nom. sg. worold-cyning mannum mildust (_a king most liberal to
+men_), 3183.
+
+milts, st. f., _kindness, benevolence_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+missan, w. v. with gen., _to miss, err in_: pret. sg. miste mercelses
+(_missed the mark_), 2440.
+
+missere, st. n., _space of a semester, half a year_: gen. pl. hund missera
+(_fifty winters_), 2734, 2210; generally, _a long period of time, season_,
+1499, 1770; fela missera, 153, 2621.
+
+mist-hlið, st. n., _misty cliff, cloud-capped slope_: dat. pl. under
+mist-hleoðum, 711.
+
+mistig, adj., _misty_: acc. pl. mistige môras, 162.
+
+mîl-gemearc, st. n., _measure by miles_: gen. sg. mîl-gemearces, 1363.
+
+mîn: 1) poss. pron., _my, mine_, 255, 345, etc.; Hygelâc mîn (_my lord_, or
+_king, H._), 2435.--2) gen. sg. of pers. pron. ic, _of me_, 2085, 2534,
+etc.
+
+molde, w. f., _dust; earth, field_: in comp. gräs-molde.
+
+mon. See man.
+
+ge-mong. See ge-mang.
+
+morð-bealu, st. n., _murder, deadly hale_ or _deed of murder_: gen. pl.
+morð-beala, 136.
+
+morðor, st. n., _deed of violence, murder_: dat. instr. sg. morðre, 893,
+1265, 2783; gen. sg. morðres, 2056; morðres scyldig (_guilty of murder_),
+1684.
+
+morðor-bed, st. n., _bed of death, murder-bed_: acc. sg. wäs þam yldestan
+... morðor-bed strêd (_a bed of death was spread for the eldest_, i.e.
+through murder his death-bed was prepared), 2437.
+
+morðor-bealu, st. n., _death-bale, destruction by murder_: acc. sg.
+morðor-bealo, 1080, 2743.
+
+morðor-hete, st. m., _murderous hate_: gen. sg. þäs morðor-hetes, 1106.
+
+morgen, morn, mergen, st. m., _morning, forenoon_; also _morrow_: nom. sg.
+morgen, 1785, 2125; (_morrow_), 2104; acc. sg. on morgen (_in the
+morning_), 838; dat. sg. on morgne, 2485; on mergenne, 565, 2940; gen. pl.
+morna gehwylce (_every morning_), 2451.
+
+morgen-ceald, adj., _morning-cold, dawn-cold_: nom. sg. gâr morgen-ceald
+(_spear chilled by the early air of morn_), 3023.
+
+morgen-lang, adj., _lasting through the morning_: acc. sg. morgen-longne
+däg (_the whole forenoon_), 2895.
+
+morgen-leóht, st. n., _morning-light_: nom. sg., 605, 918.
+
+morgen-swêg, st. m., _morning-cry, cry at morn_: nom. sg., 129.
+
+morgen-tîd, st. f., _morning-tide_: acc. sg. on morgen-tîde, 484, 818(?)
+
+morn. See morgen.
+
+môd, st. n.: 1) _heart, soul, spirit, mood, mind, manner of thinking_: nom.
+sg., 50, 731; wäfre môd (_the flicker ing spirit, the fading breath_),
+1151; acc. sg. on môd (_into his mind_), 67; dat. instr. sg. môde geþungen
+(_of mature, lofty spirit_), 625; on môde (_in heart, mind_), 754, 1845,
+2282? 2528; on hreóum môde (_fierce of spirit_), 2582; gen. sg. modes, 171,
+811, 1707; modes blîðe (_gracious-minded, kindly disposed_), 436; so, môdes
+milde, 1230; môdes seóce (_depressed in mind_), 1604.--2) _boldness,
+courage_: nom. and acc. sg., 1058, 1168. 3) _passion, fierceness_: nom.
+sg., 549.--Comp. form adj.: galg-, geômor-, gläd-, gûð-, hreóh-, irre-,
+sârig-, stîð-, swîð-, wêrig-môd.
+
+môd-cearu, st. f., _grief of heart_: acc. sg. môd-ceare, 1993, 3150.
+
+môd-gehygd, st. f ., _thought of the heart; mind_: instr. pl. môd-gehygdum,
+233
+
+môd-ge-þanc, st. n., _mood-thought, meditation_: acc. sg. môd-ge-þonc,
+1730.
+
+môd-giômor, adj., _grieved at heart, dejected_: nom. sg., 2895.
+
+môdig, adj., _courageous_: nom. sg., 605, 1644, 1813, 2758; he þäs (þäm,
+MS.) môdig wäs (_had the courage for it_), 1509; se môdega, 814; dat. sg.
+mid þam môdigan, 3012; gen. sg. môdges, 502; môdiges, 2699; Geáta leód
+georne trûwode môdgan mägnes (_trusted firmly in his bold strength_), 671;
+nom. pl. môdge, 856; môdige, 1877; gen. pl. môdigra, 312, 1889.--Comp,
+fela-môdig.
+
+môdig-lîc, adj., _of bold appearance_: compar. acc. pl. môdiglîcran, 337.
+
+môd-lufe, w. f., _hearts affection, love_: gen. sg. þînre môd-lufan, 1824.
+
+môd-sefa, w. m., _thought of the heart; brave, bold temper; courage_: nom.
+sg., 349, 1854, 2629; acc. sg. môd-sefan, 2013; dat. sg. môd-sefan, 180.
+
+môd-þracu, st. f., _boldness, courage, strength of mind_: dat. sg. for his
+môd-þräce, 385.
+
+môdor, f., _mother_: nom. sg., 1259, 1277, 1283, 1684, 2119; acc. sg.
+môdor, 1539, 2140, 2933.
+
+môna, w. m., _moon_: gen. sg. mônan, 94.
+
+môr, st. m., _moor, morass, swamp_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan môr, 1406; dat.
+sg. of môre, 711; acc. pl. môras, 103, 162, 1349.
+
+môr-hop, st. n., _place of refuge in the moor, hiding-place in the swamp_:
+acc. pl. môr-hopu, 450.
+
+ge-môt, st. n., _meeting_: in comp. hand-, torn-ge-môt.
+
+môtan, pret.-pres. v.: 1) _power_ or _permission to have something, to be
+permitted; may, can_: pres. sg. I., III. môt, 186, 442, 604; II. môst,
+1672; pl. môton, 347, 365, 395; pres. subj. ic môte, 431; III. se þe môte,
+1388; pret sg. môste, 168, 707, 736, 895, 1488, 1999, 2242, 2505, etc.; pl.
+môston, 1629, 1876, 2039, 2125, 2248; pres. subj. sg. II. þät þu hine
+selfne geseón môste (_mightest see_), 962.--2) _shall, must, be obliged_:
+pres. sg. môt, 2887; pret. sg. môste, 1940; þær he þý fyrste forman dôgore
+wealdan môste, swâ him Wyrd ne gescrâf, hrêð ät hilde (_if he must for the
+first time that day be victorious, as Fate had denied him victory_, cf.
+2681, 2683 seqq.), 2575.
+
+ge-munan, pret.-pres. v., _to have in mind, be mindful; remember, think
+of_, w. acc.: pres. sg. hine gearwe geman witena wel-hwylc (_each of the
+knowing ones still remembers him well_), 265; ic þe þäs leán geman (_I
+shall not forget thy reward for this_), 1221; ic þät eall gemon (_I
+remember all that_), 2428; so, 1702, 2043; gif he þät eall gemon hwät ...
+(_if he is mindful of all that which_ ...), 1186; ic þät mæl gemon hwær...
+(_I remember the time when_...), 2634; pret. sg. w. gemunde... æfen-spræce
+(_recalled his evening speech_), 759; so, 871, 1130, 1260, 1271, 1291,
+2115, 2432, 2607, 2679; se þäs leód-hryres leán ge-munde (_was mindful of
+reward for the fall of the ruler_), 2392; þät he Eotena bearn inne gemunde
+(_that he in this should remember, take vengeance on, the children of the
+Eotens_), 1142; so, hond gemunde fæhðo genôge (_his hand remembered strife
+enough_), 2490; ne ge-munde mago Ecglâfes þät ... (_remembered not that
+which_ ...), 1466; pret. pl. helle gemundon in môd-sefan (_their thoughts_
+[as heathens] _fixed themselves on, remembered, hell_), 179.
+
+on-munan, w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to admonish, exhort_: pret. sg.
+onmunde ûsic mærða (_exhorted us to deeds of glory_), 2641.
+
+mund, st. f., _hand_: instr. pl. mundum, mid mundum, 236, 514, 1462, 3023,
+3092.
+
+mund-bora, w. m., _protector, guardian, preserver_: nom. sg., 1481, 2780.
+
+mund-gripe, st. m., _hand-grip, seizure_: acc. sg. mund-gripe, 754; dat.
+sg. mund-gripe, 380, 1535; äfter mund-gripe (_after having seized the
+criminal_), 1939.
+
+murnan, st. v., _to shrink from, be afraid of, avoid_: pret. sg. nô mearn
+fore fæhðe and fyrene, 136; so, 1538; nalles for ealdre mearn (_was not
+apprehensive for his life_), 1443.--2) _to mourn, grieve_: pres. part. him
+wäs ... murnende môd, 50; pres. subj., þonne he fela murne (_than that he
+should mourn much_), 1386.
+
+be-murnan, be-meornan, with acc., _to mourn over_: pret. be-mearn, 908,
+1078.
+
+murn-lîce. See un-murn-lîce.
+
+mûð-bana, w. m., _mouth-destroyer_: dat. sg. tô mûð-bonan (of Grendel
+because he bit his victim to death), 2080.
+
+mûða, w. m., _mouth, entrance_: acc. sg. recedes mûðan (_mouth of the
+house, door_), 725.
+
+ge-mynd, st. f., _memory, memorial, remembrance_: dat. pl. tô gemyndum,
+2805, 3017. See weorð-mynd.
+
+myhdgian, w. v., _to call to mind, remember_: pres. sg. myndgað, 2058;
+pres. part. w. gen. gif þonne Fresna hwylc ... þäs morðor-hetes myndgiend
+wære (_were to call to mind the bloody feud_), 1106.
+
+ge-myndgian, w. v. w. acc., _to remember_: bið gemyndgad ... eaforan
+ellor-sîð (_is reminded of his son's decease_), 2451.
+
+ge-myndig, adj., _mindful_: nom. sg. w. gen., 614, 869, 1174, 1531, 2083,
+etc.
+
+myne, st. m.: 1) _mind, wish_: nom. sg., 2573.--2) _love_(?): ne his myne
+wisse (_whose_ [God's] _love he knew not_), 169.
+
+ge-mynian, w. v. w. acc., _to be mindful of_: imper. sg. gemyne mærðo! 660.
+
+myntan, w. v., _to intend, think of, resolve_: pret. sg. mynte ... manna
+cynnes sumne besyrwan (_meant to entrap all_(?) [see sum], _some one of
+(?), the men_), 713; mynte þät he gedælde ... (_thought to sever_), 732;
+mynte se mæra, þær he meahte swâ, wîdre gewindan (_intended to flee_), 763.
+
+myrce, adj., _murky, dark_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan môr, 1406.
+
+myrð, st. f., _joy, mirth_: dat. (instr.) sg. môdes myrðe, 8n.
+
+
+N
+
+naca, w. m., _vessel, ship_: acc. sg. nacan, 295; gen. sg. nacan,
+214.--Comp.: hring-, ýð-naca.
+
+nacod, adj., _naked_: nom. and acc. sg. swurd, gûð-bill nacod, 539, 2586;
+nacod nîð-draca, 2274.
+
+nalas, nales, nallas. See nealles.
+
+nama, w. m., _name_: nom. sg. Beówulf is mîn nama, 343; wäs þäm häft-mêce
+Hrunting nama, 1458; acc. sg. scôp him Heort naman (_gave it the name
+Hart_), 78.
+
+nâ (from ne-â), strength, negative, _never, not all_, 445, 567, 1537.
+
+nâh, from ne-âh. See âgan.
+
+nân (from ne-ân), indef. pron., _none, no_: with gen. pl. gûð-billa nân,
+804; adjectively, nân ... îren ærgôd, 990.
+
+nât, from ne-wât: _I know not=nescio_. See witan.
+
+nât-hwylc (nescio quis, ne-wât-hwylc, _know not who, which_, etc.), indef.
+pron., _any, a certain one, some or other_: 1) w. partitive gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena nât-hwylc, 2234;. gen. sg. nât-hwylces (þâra banena), 2054; niða
+nât-hwylces(?), 2216; nât-hwylces häleða bearna, 2225.--2) adjectively:
+dat. sg. in nið-sele nât-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+näbben, from ne-häbben (subj. pres.). See habban.
+
+näfne. See nefne.
+
+nägel, st. m., _nail_: gen. pl. nägla (of the finger-nails), 986.
+
+nägled, part., _nailed?, nail-like?, buckled?_: acc. sg. neut. nägled (MS.
+gled) sinc, 2024.
+
+näs, st. m., _naze, rock projecting into the sea, cliff, promontory_: acc.
+sg. näs, 1440, 1601, 2899; dat. sg. nässe, 2244, 2418; acc. pl. windige
+nässas, 1412; gen. pl. nässa, 1361.
+
+näs, from ne-wäs (_was not_). See wesan.
+
+näs, neg. adv., _not, not at all_, 562, 2263.
+
+näs-hlið, st. n., _declivity, slope of a promontory that sinks downward to
+the sea_: dat. pl. on näs-hleoðum, 1428.
+
+næfre, adv., _never_, 247, 583, 592, 656, 719, 1042, 1049, etc.; also
+strengthened by ne: næfre ne, 1461.
+
+ge-nægan, w. v. w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to attack, press_; pret.
+pl. nîða genægdan nefan Hererîces (_in combats pressed hard upon H.'s
+nephew_), 2207; pret. part. wearð ... nîða genæged, 1440.
+
+nænig (from ne-ænig), pron., _not any, none, no_: 1) substantively w. gen.
+pl.: nom. sg., 157, 242, 692; dat. sg. nænegum, 599; gen. pl. nænigra,
+950.--2) adjectively: nom. sg. ôðer nænig, 860; nænig wäter, 1515; nænig
+... deór, 1934; acc. sg. nænigne ... hord-mâððum, 1199.
+
+nære, from ne-wære (_were not, would not be_). See wesan.
+
+ne, simple neg., _not_, 38, 50, 80, 83, 109, etc.; before imper. ne sorga!
+1385; ne gým! 1761, etc. Doubled =_certainly not, not even that_: ne ge ...
+gearwe ne wisson (_ye certainly have not known_, etc.), 245; so, 863; ne ic
+... wihte ne wêne (_nor do I at all in the least expect_), 2923; so, 182.
+Strengthened by other neg.: nôðer ... ne, 2125; swâ he ne mihte nô ... (_so
+that he absolutely could not_), 1509.
+
+ne ... ne, _not ... and not, nor; neither ... nor_, 154-157, 511,
+1083-1085, etc. Another neg. may supply the place of the first ne: so, nô
+... ne, 575-577, 1026-1028, 1393-1395, etc.; næfre ... ne, 583-584; nalles
+... ne, 3016-3017. The neg. may be omitted the first time: ær ne siððan
+(_neither before nor after, before nor since_), 719; sûð ne norð (_south
+nor north_), 859; âdl ne yldo (_neither illness nor old age_), 1737; wordum
+ne worcum (_neither by word nor deed_), 1101; wiston and ne wêndon (_knew
+not and weened not_), 1605.
+
+nefa, w. m., _nephew, grandson_: nom. sg. nefa (_grandson_), 1204; so,
+1963; (_nephew_), 2171; acc. sg. nefan (_nephew_), 2207; dat. sg. nefan
+(_nephew_), 882.
+
+nefne, näfne, nemne (orig. from ne-gif-ne): 1) subj.: a) with depend.
+clause = _unless_: nefne him witig god wyrd forstôde (_if fate, the wise
+God, had not prevented him_), 1057; nefne god sylfa ... sealde (_unless God
+himself_, etc.), 3055; näfne him his wlite leóge (MS. næfre) (_unless his
+face belie him_), 250; näfne he wäs mâra (_except that he was huger_),
+1354; nemne him heaðo-byrne helpe ge-fremede, 1553; so, 2655.--b) w.
+follow. substantive = _except, save, only_: nefne sin-freá (_except the
+husband_), 1935; ic lyt hafo heáfod-mâga nefne Hygelâc þec (_have no near
+kin but thee_), 2152; nis þät eówer (gen. pl.) sîð ... nefne mîn ânes,
+2534.--2) Prep. with dat., _except_: nemne feáum ânum, 1082.
+
+ge-nehost. See ge-neahhe.
+
+nelle, from ne-wille (_I will not_). See willan.
+
+nemnan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to name, call_: pres. pl. þone yldestan
+oret-mecgas Beówulf nemnað (_the warriors call the most distinguished one
+Beówulf_), 364; so inf. nemnan, 2024; pret. pl. nemdon, 1355.--2) _to
+address_, as in
+
+be-nemnan, _to pronounce solemnly, put under a spell_: pret. sg. Fin
+Hengeste ... âðum be-nemde þät (_asserted, promised under oath that_ ...),
+1098; pret. pl. swâ hit ôð dômes däg diópe benemdon þeódnas mære (_put
+under a curse_), 3070.
+
+nemne. See nefne.
+
+nerian, ge-nerian, w. v., _to save, rescue, liberate_: pres. sg. Wyrd oft
+nereð unfægne eorl, 573; pret. part. häfde ... sele Hrôðgâres ge-nered wið
+nîðe (_saved from hostility_), 828.
+
+ge-nesan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to remain over, be preserved_: pret. sg.
+hrôf âna genäs ealles ansund (_the roof alone was quite sound_), 1000.--2)
+w. acc., _to endure successfully, survive, escape from_: pret. sg. se þâ
+säcce ge-näs, 1978; fela ic ... gûð-ræsa ge-näs, 2427; pret. part. swâ he
+nîða gehwane genesen häfde, 2398.
+
+net, st. n., _net_: in comp. breóst-, here-, hring-, inwit-, searo-net.
+
+nêdla, w. m., _dire necessity, distress_: in comp. þreá-nêdla.
+
+nêðan (G. nanþjan), w. v., _to venture, undertake boldly_: pres. part.
+nearo nêðende (_encountering peril_), 2351; pret. pl. þær git ... on deóp
+water aldrum nêðdon (_where ye two risked your lives in the deep water_),
+510; so, 538.
+
+ge-nêðan, the same: inf. ne dorste under ýða gewin aldre ge-nêðan, 1470.
+With depend. clause: nænig þät dorste genêðan þät (_none durst undertake
+to_ ...), 1934; pret. sg. he under hârne stân âna genêðde frêcne dæde (_he
+risked alone the bold deed, venturing under the grey rock_), 889; (ic) wîge
+under wätere weorc genêðde earfoð-lîce (_I with difficulty stood the work
+under the water in battle_, i.e. could hardly win the victory), 1657; ic
+genêðde fela gûða (_ventured on, risked, many contests_), 2512; pres. pl.
+(of majesty) we ... frêcne genêðdon eafoð uncûðes (_we have boldly risked,
+dared, the monster's power_), 961.
+
+nêh. See neáh.
+
+ge-neahhe, adv., _enough, sufficiently_, 784, 3153; superl. genehost brägd
+eorl Beówulfes ealde lâfe (_many an earl of B.'s_), 795.
+
+nealles (from ne-ealles), adv., _omnino non, not at all, by no means_:
+nealles, 2146, 2168, 2180, 2223, 2597, etc.; nallas, 1720, 1750; nalles,
+338, 1019, 1077, 1443, 2504, etc.; nalas, 43, 1494, 1530, 1538; nales,
+1812.
+
+nearo, st. n., _strait, danger, distress_: acc. sg. nearo, 2351, 2595.
+
+nearo, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. f. nearwe, 1410.
+
+nearwe, adv., _narrowly_, 977.
+
+nearo-cräft, st. m., _art of rendering difficult of access?,
+inaccessibility_ (see 2214 seqq.): instr. pl. nearo-cräftum, 2244.
+
+nearo-fâh, m., _foe that causes distress, war-foe_: gen. sg. nearo-fâges,
+2318.
+
+nearo-þearf, st. f., _dire need, distress_: acc. sg. nearo-þearfe, 422.
+
+ge-nearwian, w. v., _to drive into a corner, press upon_: pret. part.
+genearwod, 1439.
+
+neáh, nêh: 1) adj., _near, nigh_: nom. sg. neáh, 1744, 2729. In superl.
+also = _last_: instr. sg. nýhstan sîðe (_for the last time_), 1204;
+niéhstan sîðe, 2512.
+
+2) adv., _near_: feor and (oððe) neáh, 1222, 2871; 3) prep, sæ-grunde neáh,
+564; so, 1925, 2243; holm-wylme nêh, 2412. Compar. neár, 746.
+
+neán, adv., _near by, (from) close at hand_, 528; (neon, MS.), 3105;
+feorran and neán, 840; neán and feorran, 1175, 2318.
+
+ge-neát, st. m., _comrade, companion_: in comp. beód-, heorð-geneát.
+
+nioðor. See niðer.
+
+neowol, adj., _steep, precipitous_: acc. pl. neowle, 1412.
+
+neód, st. f., _polite intercourse regulated by etiquette?, hall-joy?_: acc.
+sg. nióde, 2117; inst. (= _joy_), 2216.
+
+neód-laðu, st. f., _polite invitation; wish_: dat. sg. äfter neód-laðu
+(_according to his wishes_), 1321.
+
+neósan, neósian, w. v. w. gen., _to seek out, look for; to attack_: inf.
+neósan, 125, 1787, 1792, 1807, 2075; niósan, 2389, 2672; neósian, 115,
+1126; niósian, 3046; pret. sg. niósade, 2487.
+
+neótan, st. v., _to take, accept_, w. gen.; _to use, enjoy_: imper. sg.
+neót, 1218.
+
+be-neótan, w. dat., _to rob, deprive of_: inf. hine aldre be-neótan, 681;
+pret. sg. cyning ealdre bi-neát (_deprived the king of life_), 2397.
+
+nicor, st. m., _sea-horse, walrus, sea-monster_ (cf. Bugge in Zacher's
+Journal, 4, 197): acc. pl. niceras, 422, 575; nicras, 1428; gen. pl.
+nicera, 846.
+
+nicor-hûs, st. n., _house_ or _den of sea-monsters_: gen. pl. nicor-hûsa,
+1412.
+
+nið st. m., _man, human being_: gen. pl. niðða, 1006; niða? (passage
+corrupt), 2216.
+
+niðer, nyðer, neoðor, adv., _down, downward_: niðer, 1361; nioðor, 2700;
+nyðer, 3045.
+
+nið-sele, st. m., _hall, room, in the deep_ (Grein): dat. sg. [in] nið-sele
+nât-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+nigen, num., _nine_: acc. nigene, 575.
+
+niht, st. f. _night_: nom. sg., 115, 547. 650, 1321, 2117; acc. sg. niht,
+135, 737, 2939; gystran niht (_yester-night_), 1335; dat. sg. on niht, 575,
+684; on wanre niht, 703; gen. sg. nihtes hwîlum (_sometimes at night, in
+the hours of the night_), 3045; as adv. = _of a night, by night_, G.
+nachts, 422, 2274; däges and nihtes, 2270; acc. pl. seofon niht
+(_se'nnight, seven days_, cf. Tac. Germ, 11), 517; dat. pl. sweartum
+nihtum, 167; deorcum nihtum, 275, 221; gen. pl. nihta, 545, 1366.--Comp.:
+middel-, sin-niht.
+
+niht-bealu, st. n., _night-bale, destruction by night_: gen. pl.
+niht-bealwa, 193.
+
+niht-helm, st. m., _veil_ or _canopy of night_: nom. sg., 1790.
+
+niht-long, adj., _lasting through the night_: acc. sg. m. niht-longne fyrst
+(_space of a night_), 528.
+
+niht-weorc, st. n., _night-work, deed done at night_: instr. sg.
+niht-weorce, 828.
+
+niman, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to take, hold, seize, undertake_: pret. sg. nam
+þâ mid handa hige-þihtigne rinc, 747; pret. pl. we . . . nióde nâman,
+2117.--2) _to take, take away, deprive of_: pres. sg. se þe hine deáð nimeð
+(_he whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 447; nymeð, 1847; nymeð nýd-bâde,
+599; subj. pres. gif mec hild nime, 452, 1482; pret. sg. ind. nam on
+Ongenþió îren-byrnan, 2987; ne nom he ... mâðm-æhta mâ (_he took no more of
+the rich treasures_), 1613; pret. part. þâ wäs ... seó cwên numen (_the
+queen carried off_), 1154.
+
+be-niman, _to deprive of_: pret. sg. ôð þät hine yldo benam mägenes wynnum
+(_till age bereft him of joy in his strength_), 1887.
+
+for-niman, _to carry off_: pres. sg. þe þâ deáð for-nam (_whom death
+carried off_), 488; so, 557, 696, 1081, 1124, 1206, 1437, etc. Also, dat.
+for acc.: pret. pl. him îrenna ecge fornâmon, 2829.
+
+ge-niman: 1) _to take, seize_: pret. sg. (hine) be healse ge-nam (_clasped
+him around the neck, embraced him_), 1873.--2) _to take, take away_: pret.
+on reste genam þritig þegna, 122; heó under heolfre genam cûðe folme, 1303;
+segn eác genom, 2777; þâ mec sinca baldor ... ät mînum fäder genam (_took
+me at my father's hands, adopted me_), 2430; pret. part. genumen, 3167.
+
+ge-nip, st. n., _darkness, mist, cloud_: acc. pl. under nässa genipu, 1361;
+ofer flôda genipu, 2809.
+
+nis, from ne-is (_is not_): see wesan.
+
+niwe, niówe, adj., _new, novel; unheard-of_: nom. sg. swêg up â-stâg niwe
+geneahhe (_a monstrous hubbub arose_), 784; beorh ... niwe (_a
+newly-raised(?) grave-mound_), 2244; acc. sg. niwe sibbe (_the new
+kinship_), 950; instr. sg. niwan stefne (properly, novâ voce; here = de
+novo, iterum, _again_), 2595; niówan stefne (_again_), 1790; gen. pl. niwra
+spella (_new tidings_), 2899.
+
+ge-niwian, w. v., _to renew_: pret. part. ge-niwod, 1304, 1323; geniwad,
+2288.
+
+niw-tyrwed, pret. part., _newly-tarred_: acc. sg. niw-tyrwedne (-tyrwydne,
+MS.) nacan, 295.
+
+nîð, st. m., properly only _zeal, endeavor_; then _hostile endeavor,
+hostility, battle, war_: nom. sg., 2318; acc. sg. nîð, 184, 276; Wedera nîð
+(_enmity against the W., the sorrows of the Weders_), 423; dat. sg. wið
+(ät) nîðe, 828, 2586; instr. nîðe, 2681; gen. pl. nîða, 883, 2351, 2398,
+etc.; also instr. = _by, in, battle_, 846, 1440, 1963, 2171, 2207.--Comp.:
+bealo-, fær-, here-, hete-, inwit-, searo-, wäl-nîð.
+
+nîð-draca, w. m., _battle-dragon_: nom. sg., 2274.
+
+nîð-gast, st. m., _hostile alien, fell demon_: acc. sg. þone nîð-gäst (_the
+dragon_), 2700.
+
+nîð-geweorc, st. n., _work of enmity, deed of evil_: gen. pl. -geweorca,
+684.
+
+nîð-grim, adj., _furious in battle, savage_: nom. sg., 193.
+
+nîð-heard, adj., _valiant in war_: nom. sg., 2418.
+
+nîð-hydig, adj., _eager for battle, valorous_: nom. pl. nîð-hydige men,
+3167.
+
+ge-nîðla, w. m., _foe, persecutor, waylayer_: in comp. ferhð-,
+feorh-genîðla.
+
+nîð-wundor, st. n., _hostile wonder, strange marvel of evil_: acc. sg.,
+1366.
+
+nîpan, st. v., _to veil, cover over, obscure_; pres. part. nîpende niht,
+547, 650.
+
+nolde, from ne-wolde (_would not_); see willan.
+
+norð, adv., _northward_, 859.
+
+norðan, adv., _from the north_, 547.
+
+nose, w. f., _projection, cliff, cape_: dat. sg. of hliðes nosan, 1893; ät
+brimes nosan, 2804.
+
+nô (strengthened neg.), _not, not at all, by no means_, 136, 244, 587, 755,
+842, 969, 1736, etc.; strengthened by following ne, 459(?), 1509; nô ... nô
+(_neither ... nor_), 541-543; so, nô ... ne, 168. See ne.
+
+nôðer (from nâ-hwäðer), neg., _and not, nor_, 2125.
+
+ge-nôh, adj., _sufficient, enough_: acc. sg. fæhðo genôge, 2490; acc. pl.
+genôge ... beágas, 3105.
+
+nôn, st. f., [Eng. _noon_], ninth hour of the day, three o'clock in the
+afternoon of our reckoning_ (the day was reckoned from six o'clock in the
+morning; cf. Bouterwek Screádunga, 24 _2_: we hâtað ænne däg fram sunnan
+upgange ôð æfen): nom. sg. nôn, 1601.
+
+nu, adv.: l) _now, at present_, 251, 254, 375, 395, 424, 426, 489, etc.: nu
+gyt (_up to now, hitherto_), 957; nu gen (_now still, yet_), 2860; (_now
+yet, still_), 3169.--2) conj., _since, inasmuch as_: nu þu lungre geong ...
+nu se wyrm ligeð (_go now quickly, since the dragon lieth dead_), 2746; so,
+2248; þät þu me ne forwyrne ... nu ic þus feorran com (_that do not thou
+refuse me, since I am come so far_), 430; so, 1476; nu ic on mâðma hord
+mîne bebohte frôde feorh-lege, fremmað ge nu (_as I now..., so do ye_),
+2800; so, 3021.
+
+nymðe, conj. w. subj., _if not, unless_, 782; nymðe mec god scylde (_if God
+had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+nyt, st. f., _duty, service, office, employment_: acc. sg. þegn nytte
+beheóld (_did his duty_), 494; so, 3119.--Comp.: sund-, sundor-nyt.
+
+nyt, adj., _useful_: acc. pl. m. nytte, 795; comp. un-nyt.
+
+ge-nyttian, w. v., _to make use of, enjoy_: pret. part. häfde eorð-scrafa
+ende ge-nyttod (_had enjoyed, made use of_), 3047.
+
+nýd, st. f., _force, necessity, need, pain_: acc. sg. þurh deáðes nýd,
+2455; instr. sg. nýde, 1006. In comp. (like nýd-maga, consanguineus, in
+Æthelred's Laws, VI. 12, Schmid, p. 228; nêd-maga, in Cnut's Laws, I. 7,
+ibid., p. 258); also, _tie of blood._--Comp. þreá-nýd.
+
+ge-nýdan, w. v.: 1) _to force, compel_: pret. part. nîðe ge-nýded (_forced
+by hostile power_), 2681.--2) _to force upon_: pret. part. acc. sg. f. nýde
+genýdde ... gearwe stôwe (_the inevitable place prepared for each_, i.e.
+the bed of death), 1006.
+
+nýd-bâd, st. f., _forced pledge, pledge demanded by force_: acc. pl.
+nýd-bâde, 599.
+
+nýd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade in need_ or _united by ties of blood_: nom.
+pl. nýd-gesteallan, 883.
+
+nýd-gripe, st. m., _compelling grip_: dat. sg. in nýd-gripe (mid-gripe,
+MS.), 977.
+
+nýd-wracu, st. f., _distressful persecution, great distress_: nom. sg.,
+193.
+
+nýhst. See neáh.
+
+
+O
+
+oððe, conj.: 1) _or; otherwise_, 283, 437, 636, 638, 694, 1492, 1765,
+etc.--2) _and_(?), _till_(?), 650, 2476, 3007.
+
+of, prep. w. dat., _from, off from_: 1) _from some point of view_: ge-seah
+of wealle (_from the wall_), 229; so, 786; of hefene scîneð (_shineth from
+heaven_), 1572; of hliðes nosan gästas grêtte (_from the cliff's
+projection_), 1893; of þam leóma stôd (_from which light streamed_), 2770;
+þær wäs mâðma fela of feorwegum ... gelæded (_from distant lands_), 37; þâ
+com of môre (_from the moor_), 711, 922.--2) _forth from, out of_: hwearf
+of earde (_wandered from his home, died_), 56; so, 265, 855, 2472; þâ ic of
+searwum com (_when I had escaped from the persecutions of the foe_), 419;
+þâ him Hrôðgâr gewât ... ût of healle (_out of the hall_), 664; so, 2558,
+2516; 1139, 2084, 2744; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of (ofer) swioðole (_black
+wood-reek ascended from the smoking fire_), 3145; (icge gold) â-häfen of
+horde (_lifted from the hoard_), 1109; lêt þâ of breóstum ... word ût faran
+(_from his breast_), 2551; dyde ... helm of hafelan (_doffed his helmet_),
+673; so, 1130; sealdon wîn of wunder-fatum (_presented wine from wondrous
+vessels_), 1163; siððan hyne Hæðcyn of horn-bogan ... flâne geswencte
+(_with an arrow shot from the horned bow_), 2438; so, 1434. Prep.
+postponed: þâ he him of dyde îsern-byrnan (_doffed his iron corselet_),
+672.
+
+ofer, prep. w. dat. and acc., _over, above_: 1) w. dat, _over_ (rest,
+locality): Wîglâf siteð ofer Biówulfe, 2908; ofer äðelinge, 1245; ofer
+eorðan, 248, 803, 2008; ofer wer-þeóde (_over the earth, among mankind_),
+900; ofer ýðum, 1908; ofer hron-râde (_over the sea_), 10; so, 304, 1287,
+1290, etc.; ofer ealowæge (_over the beer-cup, drinking_), 481.--2) w. acc.
+of motion: a) _over_ (local): ofer ýðe (_over the waves_), 46, 1910; ofer
+swan-râde (_over the swan-road, the sea_), 200; ofer wægholm, 217; ofer
+geofenes be-gang, 362; so, 239, 240, 297, 393, 464, 471, etc.; ofer bolcan
+(_over the gangway_), 231; ofer landa fela (_over many lands_), 311; so,
+1405, 1406; ofer heáhne hrôf (_along upon (under?) the high roof_), 984;
+ofer eormen-grund (_over the whole earth_), 860; ofer ealle (_over all, on
+all sides_), 2900, 650; so, 1718;--606, 900, 1706; ofer borda gebräc
+(_over, above, the crashing of shields_), 2260; ofer bord-(scild) weall,
+2981, 3119. Temporal: ofer þâ niht (_through the night, by night_), 737. b)
+w. verbs of saying, speaking, _about, of, concerning_: he ofer benne spräc,
+2725. c) _beyond, over_: ofer mîn ge-met (_beyond my power_), 2880;--hence,
+_against, contrary to_: he ofer willan gióng (_went against his will_),
+2410; ofer ealde riht (_against the ancient laws_, i.e. the ten
+commandments), 2331;--also, _without_: wîg ofer wæpen (_war sans,
+dispensing with, weapons_), 686;--temporal = _after_: ofer eald-gewin
+(_after long, ancient, suffering_), 1782.
+
+ofer-hygd, st. n., _arrogance, pride, conceit_: gen. pl. ofer-hygda, 1741;
+ofer-hyda, 1761.
+
+ofer-mâðum, st. m., _very rich treasure_: dat. pl. ofer-mâðmum, 2994.
+
+ofer-mägen, st. n., _over-might, superior numbers_: dat. sg. mid
+ofer-mägene, 2918.
+
+ofer-þearf, st. f., _dire distress, need_: dat. sg. [for ofer] þea[rfe],
+2227.
+
+oft, adv., _often_, 4, 165, 444, 572, 858, 908, 1066, 1239, etc.; oft [nô]
+seldan, 2030; oft nalles æne, 3020; so, 1248, 1888. Compar. oftor, 1580.
+Superl. oftost, 1664.
+
+om-, on-. See am-, an-.
+
+ombiht. See ambiht.
+
+oncer. See ancer.
+
+ond. See and.
+
+onsýn. See ansýn.
+
+on, prep. w. dat. and acc., signifying primarily _touching on, contact
+with_: I. local, w. dat.: a) _on, upon, in at_ (of exterior surface): on
+heáh-stede (_in the high place_), 285; on mînre êðel-tyrf (_in my native
+place_), 410; on þäm meðel-stede, 1083; so, 2004; on þam holmclife, 1422;
+so, 1428; on foldan (_on earth_), 1197; so, 1533, 2997; on þære medu-bence
+(_on the mead-bench_), 1053; beornas on blancum (_the heroes on the
+dapple-greys_), 857, etc.; on räste (_in bed_), 1299; on stapole (_at,
+near, the pillar_), 927; on wealle, 892; on wage (_on the wall_), 1663; on
+þäm wäl-stenge (_on the battle-lance_), 1639; on eaxle (_on his shoulder_),
+817, 1548; on bearme, 40; on breóstum, 552; on hafelan, 1522; on handa (_in
+his hand_), 495, 540; so, 555, 766; on him byrne scân (_on him shone the
+corselet_), 405; on ôre (_at the front_), 1042; on corðre (_at the head of,
+among, his troop_), 1154; scip on ancre (_the ship at anchor_), 303; þät he
+on heoðe ge-stôd (_until he stood in the hall_), 404; on fäder stäle (_in a
+father's place_), 1480; on ýðum (_on the waves, in the water_), 210, 421,
+534, 1438; on holme, 543; on êg-streámum, 577; on segl-râde, 1438, etc.; on
+flôde, 1367. The prep. postponed: Freslondum on, 2358.--b) _in, inside of_
+(of inside surface): secg on searwum (_a champion in armor_), 249; so, 963;
+on wîg-geatwum, 368; (reced) on þäm se rîca bâd (_in which the mighty one
+abode_), 310; on Heorote (_in Heorot_), 475, 497, 594, 1303; on beór-sele,
+492, 1095; on healle, 615, 643; so, 639, 1017, 1026, etc.; on burgum (_in
+the cities, boroughs_), 53; on helle, 101; on sefan mînum (_in my mind_),
+473; on môde, 754; so, 755, 949, 1343, 1719, etc.; on aldre (_in his
+vitals_), 1435; on middan (in medio), 2706.--c) _among, amid_: on searwum
+(_among the arms_), 1558; on gemonge (_among the troop_), 1644; on þam
+leód-scipe (_among the people_), 2198; nymðe lîges fäðm swulge on swaðule
+(_unless the embracing flame should swallow it in smoke_), 783;--_in, with,
+touched by, possessing something_: þâ wäs on sâlum sinces brytta (_then was
+the dispenser of treasure in joy_), 608; so, 644, 2015; wäs on hreón môde,
+1308; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582, 2296; heó wäs on ôfste (_she was in
+haste_), 1293; so, 1736, 1870; þâ wäs on blôde brim weallende (_there was
+the flood billowing in, with, blood_), 848; (he) wäs on sunde (_was
+a-swimming_), 1619; wäs tô fore-mihtig feónd on fêðe (_too powerful in
+speed_), 971; þær wäs swîgra secg ... on gylpspræce (_there was the
+champion more silent in his boasting speech_), 982;--_in; full of,
+representing, something_: on weres wästmum (_in man's form_), 1353.--d)
+_attaching to_, hence _proceeding from; from something_: ge-hýrde on
+Beówulfe fäst-rædne ge-þôht (_heard in, from, B. the fixed resolve_), 610;
+þät he ne mêtte ... on elran men mund-gripe mâran, 753;--hence, with verbs
+of taking: on räste genam (_took from his bed_), 122; so, 748, 2987; hit ær
+on þe gôde be-geâton (_took it before from thee_), 2249.--e) _with_: swâ
+hit lungre wearð on hyra sinc-gifan sâre ge-endod (_as it, too, soon
+painfully came to an end with the dispenser of treasure_), 2312.--f) _by_:
+mäg þonne on þäm golde ongitan Geáta dryhten (_the lord of the Geatas may
+perceive by the gold_), 1485.--g) _to_, after weorðan: þät he on fylle
+wearð (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.
+
+With acc.: a) w. verbs of moving, doing, giving, seeing, etc., _up to, on,
+upon, in_: â-lêdon þâ leófne þeóden ... on bearm scipes, 35; on stefn (on
+wang) stigon, 212, 225; þâ him mid scoldon on flôdes æht feor ge-wîtan, 42;
+se þe wið Brecan wunne on sîdne sæ (_who strovest in a swimming-match with
+B. on the broad sea_), 507, cf. 516; þät ic on holma ge-þring eorlscipe
+efnde (_that I should venture on the sea to do valiant deeds_), 2133; on
+feónda geweald sîðian, 809; þâra þe on swylc starað, 997; so, 1781; on
+lufan læteð hworfan (_lets him turn his thoughts to love?, to
+possessions?_), 1729; him on môd bearn (_came into his mind, occurred to
+him_), 67; ræsde on þone rôfan (_rushed on the powerful one_), 2691; (cwom)
+on worðig (_came into the palace_), 1973; so, 27, 242, 253, 512, 539, 580,
+677, 726, etc.; on weg (_away_), 764, 845, 1383, 1431, 2097.--b) _towards,
+on_: gôde gewyrcean ... on fäder wine (pl.), 21.--c) aim or object, _to,
+for the object, for, as, in, on_: on þearfe (_in his need, in his strait_),
+1457; so, on hyra man-dryhtnes miclan þearfe, 2850; wrâðum on andan (_as a
+terror to the foe_), 709; Hrôðgâr maðelode him on andsware (_said to him in
+reply_), 1841; betst beado-rinca wäs on bæl gearu (_on the pyre ready_),
+1110; wîg-heafolan bär freán on fultum (_for help_), 2663; wearð on bîd
+wrecen (_forced to wait_), 2963.--d) ground, reason, _according to, in
+conformity with_: rodera rædend hit on ryht gescêd (_decided it in
+accordance with right_), 1556; ne me swôr fela âða on unriht (_swore no
+oaths unjustly, falsely_), 2740; on spêd (_skilfully_), 874; nallas on gylp
+seleð fätte beágas (_giveth no gold-wrought rings as he promised_), 1750;
+on sînne selfes dôm (_boastingly, at his own will_), 2148; him eal worold
+wendeð on willan (_according to his will_), 1740.--e) w. verbs of buying,
+_for, in exchange for_: me ic on mâðma hord mîne be-bohte frôde feorh-lege
+(_for the hoard of jewels_), 2800.--f) _of, as to_: ic on Higelâce wât,
+Geáta dryhten (_I know with respect to, as to, of, H._), 1831; so, 2651;
+þät heó on ænigne eorl ge-lýfde fyrena frôfre (_that she should rely on any
+earl for help out of trouble_), 628; þâ hie ge-trûwedon on twâ healfa (_on
+both sides, mutually_), 1096; so, 2064; þät þu him ondrædan ne þearft ...
+on þâ healfe (_from, on this side_), 1676.--g) after superlatives or
+virtual superlatives = _among_: näs ... sinc-mâððum sêlra (= þät wäs
+sinc-mâðma sêlest) on sweordes hâd (_there was no better jewel in sword's
+shape_, i.e. among all swords there was none better), 2194; se wäs Hrôðgâre
+häleða leófost on ge-sîðes hâd (_dearest of men as, in the character of,
+follower_, etc.), 1298.
+
+II. Of time: a) w. dat., _in, inside of, during, at_: on fyrste (_in time,
+within the time appointed_), 76; on uhtan (_at dawn_), 126; on mergenne
+(_at morn, on the morrow_), 565, 2940; on niht, 575; on wanre niht, 703; on
+tyn dagum, 3161; so, 197, 719, 791, 1063, etc.; on geogoðe (_in youth_),
+409, 466; on geogoð-feore, 537; so, 1844; on orlege (_in, during, battle_),
+1327; hû lomp eów on lâde (_on the way_), 1988; on gange (_in going, en
+route_), 1885; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582.--b) w. acc., _towards,
+about_: on undern-mæl (_in the morning, about midday_), 1429; on
+morgen-tîd, 484, 518; on morgen, 838; on ende-stäf (_toward the end, at
+last_), 1754; oftor micle þonne on ænne sîð (_far oftener than once_),
+1580.
+
+III. With particles: him on efn (_beside, alongside of, him_), 2904; on
+innan (_inside, within_), 71, 1741, 1969, 2453, 2716; þær on innan (_in
+there_), 2090, 2215, 2245. With the relative þe often separated from its
+case: þe ic her on starie (_that I here look on, at_), 2797; þe ge þær on
+standað (_that ye there stand in_), 2867.
+
+on-cýð (cf. Dietrich in Haupt's Zeits. XI., 412), st. f., _pain,
+suffering_: nom. sg., 1421; acc. sg. or pl. on-cýððe, 831.
+
+on-drysne, adj., _frightful, terrible_: acc. sg. firen on-drysne, 1933.
+
+onettan (for anettan, from root an-, Goth. inf. anan, _to breathe, pant_),
+w. v., _to hasten_: pret. pl. onetton, 306, 1804.
+
+on-lîcnes, st. f., _likeness, form, figure_: nom. sg., 1352.
+
+on-mêdla, w. m., _pride, arrogance_: dat. sg. for on-mêdlan, 2927. Cf.
+Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 218 seqq.
+
+on-sæge, adj., _tending to fall, fatal_: nom. sg. þâ wäs Hondsció (dat.)
+hild on-sæge, 2077; Hæðcynne wearð ... gûð on-sæge, 2484.
+
+on-weald, st. m., _power, authority_: acc. sg. (him) bega ge-hwäðres ...
+onweald ge-teáh (_gave him power over, possession of, both_), 1044.
+
+open, adj., _open_: acc. sg. hord-wynne fond ... opene standan, 2272.
+
+openian, w. v., _to open_, w. acc.: inf. openian, 3057.
+
+orc (O.S. orc, Goth. aúrkei-s), st. m., _crock, vessel, can _: nom. pl.
+orcas, 3048; acc. pl. orcas, 2761.
+
+orcnê, st. m., _sea-monster_: nom. pl. orcnêas, 112.
+
+ord, st. n. _point_: nom. sg. ôð þät wordes ord breóst-hord þurh-bräc
+(_till the word-point broke through his breast-hoard, came to utterance_),
+2792; acc. sg. ord (_sword-point_), 1550; dat. instr. orde (id.), 556; on
+orde (_at the head of, in front_ [of a troop]), 2499, 3126.
+
+ord-fruma, w. m., _head lord, high prince_: nom. sg., 263.
+
+oret-mecg, st. m., _champion, warrior, military retainer_: nom. pl.
+oret-mecgas, 363, 481; acc. pl. oret-mecgas, 332.
+
+oretta, w. m., _champion, fighter, hero_: nom. sg., 1533, 2539.
+
+or-leg, st. n., _war, battle_: dat. sg. on orlege, 1327; gen. sg. or-leges,
+2408.
+
+or-leg-hwîl, st. f., _time of battle, war-time_: nom. sg. [or-leg]-hwîl,
+2003; gen. sg. orleg-hwîle, 2912; gen. pl orleg-hwîla, 2428.
+
+or-leahtre, adj., _blameless_: nom. sg 1887.
+
+or-þanc (cf. Gloss. Aldhelm. mid or-þance = argumento in Haupt XI., 436;
+orþancum = machinamentis, _ibid._ 477; or-þanc-scipe = mechanica, 479), st.
+m., _mechanical art, skill_: instr. pl. or-þoncum, 2088; smiðes or-þancum,
+406.
+
+or-wêna, adj. (weak form), _hopeless, despairing_, w. gen.: aldres or-wêna
+(_hopeless of life_), 1003, 1566.
+
+or-wearde, adj., _unguarded, without watch_ or _guard_: adv., 3128.
+
+oruð, st. n., _breath, snorting_: nom. sg., 2558; dat. oreðe, 2840.
+
+
+Ô
+
+ôð (Goth. und, O.H.G. unt, unz): 1) prep. w. acc., _to, till, up to_, only
+temporal: ôð þone ânne däg, 2400; ôð dômes däg, 3070; ô woruld-ende,
+3084.--2) ôð þät, conj. w. depend, indicative clause, _till, until_, 9, 56,
+66, 100, 145. 219, 296, 307, etc.
+
+ôðer (Goth. anþar), num.: 1) _one or other of two, a second_, = alter: nom.
+sg. subs.: se ôðer, 2062; ôðer(_one_ i.e. of my blood-relations, Hæðcyn and
+Hygelâc), 2482; ôðer ... ôðer (_the one ... the other_), 1350-1352. Adj.:
+ôðer ... mihtig mân-sceaða (_the second mighty, fell foe_, referring to
+1350), 1339; se ôðer ... häle, 1816; fem. niht ôðer, 2118; neut. ôðer geâr
+(_the next, second, year_), 1134; acc. sg. m. ôðerne, 653, 1861, 2441,
+2485; þenden reáfode rinc ôðerne(_whilst one warrior robbed the other_,
+i.e. Eofor robbed Ongenþeów), 2986; neut. ôðer swylc(_another such, an
+equal number_), 1584; instr. sg. ôðre sîðe (_for the second time, again_),
+2671, 3102; dat. sg. ôðrum, 815, 1030, 1166, 1229, 1472, 2168, 2172, etc.;
+gen. sg. m. ôðres dôgores, 219, 606; neut. ôðres, 1875.--2) _another, a
+different one_, = alius: nom. sg., subs. ôðer, 1756; ôðer nænig (_no
+other_), 860. Adj.: ænig ôðer man, 503, 534; so, 1561; ôðer in (_a
+different house_ or _room_), 1301; acc. sg. ôðer flet, 1087; gen. sg. ôðres
+... yrfe-weardes, 2452; acc. pl. ealo drincende ôðer sædan (_ale drinkers
+said other things_), 1946; acc. pl. neut. word ôðer, 871.
+
+ôfer, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. on ôfre, 1372.
+
+ôfost, st. f., _haste_: nom. sg. ôfost is sêlest tô gecýðanne (_haste is
+best to make known, best to say at once_), 256; so, 3008; dat. sg. beó þu
+on ôfeste (ôfoste) (_be in haste, hasten_), 386, 2748; on ôfste, 1293; on
+ôfoste, 2784, 3091.
+
+ôfost-lîce, adv., _in haste, speedily_, 3131.
+
+ô-hwær, adv., _anywhere_, 1738, 2871.
+
+ômig, adj., _rusty_: nom. sg., 2764; nom. pl. ômige, 3050.
+
+ôr, st. n., _beginning, origin; front_: nom. sg., 1689; acc. sg., 2408;
+dat. sg. on ôre, 1042.
+
+ô-wiht, _anything, aught_: instr. sg. ô-wihte (_in any way_), 1823, 2433.
+
+
+P
+
+pâd, st. f., _dress_; in comp. here-pâd.
+
+päð, st. m., _path, road, way_; in comp. ân-päð.
+
+plega, w. m., _play, emulous contest_; lind-plega, 1074.
+
+
+R
+
+raðe, adv., _quickly, immediately_, 725, Cf. hrâðe.
+
+rand, rond, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg, rand, 683; rond, 657, 2567, 2610;
+dat. ronde (rond, MS.), 2674; under rande, 1210; bî ronde, 2539; acc. pl.
+randas, 231; rondas, 326, 2654.--Comp.: bord-, hilde-, sîd-rand.
+
+rand-häbbend, pres. part., _shield-bearer_, i.e. _man at arms, warrior_:
+gen. pl. rond-häbbendra, 862.
+
+rand-wîga, w. m., _shield-warrior, shield-bearing warrior_: nom. sg., 1299;
+acc. sg. rand-wîgan, 1794.
+
+râd, st. f., _road, street_; in comp. hran-, segl-, swan-râd.
+
+ge-râd, adj., _clever, skilful, ready_: acc. pl. neut. ge-râde, 874.
+
+râp, st. m., _rope, bond, fetter_: in comp. wäl-râp.
+
+râsian, w. v., _to find, discover_: pret. part. þâ wäs hord râsod, 2284.
+
+räst. See rest.
+
+ræcan, w. v., _to reach, reach after_: pret. sg. ræhte ongeán feónd mid
+folme (_reached out his hand toward the foe_), 748.
+
+ge-ræcan, _to attain, strike, attack_: pret. sg. hyne ... wæpne ge-ræhte
+(_struck him with his sword_), 2966; so, 556.
+
+ræd, st. m.: 1) _advice, counsel, resolution; good counsel, help_: nom. sg.
+nu is ræd gelong eft ät þe ânum (_now is help to be found with thee
+alone_), 1377; acc. sg. ræd, 172, 278, 3081.--2) _advantage, gain, use_:
+acc. sg. þät ræd talað (_counts that a gain_), 2028; êcne ræd (_the eternal
+gain, everlasting life_), 1202; acc. pl. êce rædas, 1761.--Comp.: folc-ræd,
+and adj., ân-, fäst-ræd.
+
+rædan, st. v., _to rule; reign; to possess_: pres. part. rodera rædend
+(_the ruler of the heavens_), 1556; inf. þone þe þu mid rihte rædan
+sceoldest (_that thou shouldst possess by rights_), 2057; wolde dôm godes
+dædum rædan gumena gehwylcum (_God's doom would rule over, dispose of,
+every man in deeds_), 2859. See sele-rædend.
+
+ræd-bora, w. m. _counsellor, adviser_: nom. sg., 1326.
+
+ræden, st. f., _order, arrangement, law_: see Note on 1143; comp.
+worold-ræden(?).
+
+â-ræran, w. v.: 1) _to raise, lift up_: pret. pl. þâ wæron monige þe his
+mæg ... ricone â-rærdon (_there were many that lifted up his brother
+quickly_), 2984.--2) figuratively, _to spread, disseminate_: pret. part.
+blæd is â-ræred (_thy renown is far-spread_), 1704.
+
+ræs, st. m., _on-rush, attack, storm_: acc. sg. gûðe ræs (_the storm of
+battle, attack_), 2627; instr. pl. gûðe ræsum, 2357.--Comp.: gûð-, hand-,
+heaðo-, mägen-, wäl-ræs.
+
+(ge-)ræsan, w. v., _to rush (upon)_: pret. sg. ræsde on þone rôfan, 2691,
+2840.
+
+ræswa, w. m., _prince, ruler_: dat. sg. weoroda ræswan, 60.
+
+reccan, w. v., _to explicate, recount, narrate_: inf. frum-sceaft fira
+feorran reccan (_recount the origin of man from ancient times_), 91;
+gerund, tô lang is tô reccenne, hû ic ... (_too long to tell how I_...),
+2094; pret. sg. syllîc spell rehte (_told a wondrous tale_), 2111; so
+intrans. feorran rehte (_told of olden times_), 2107.
+
+reced, st. n., _building, house; hall_ (complete in itself): nom. sg., 412,
+771, 1800; acc. sg., 1238; dat. sg. recede, 721, 729, 1573; gen. sg.
+recedes, 326, 725, 3089; gen. pl. receda, 310.--Comp.: eorð-, heal-, horn-,
+win-reced.
+
+regn-heard, adj., _immensely strong, firm_: acc. pl. rondas regn-hearde,
+326.
+
+regnian, rênian, w. v., _to prepare, bring on_ or _about_: inf. deáð
+rên[ian] hond-gesteallan (_prepare death for his comrade_), 2169.
+
+ge-regnian, _to prepare, deck out, adorn_: pret. part. medu-benc monig ...
+golde ge-regnad, 778.
+
+regn-, rên-weard, st. m., _mighty guardian_: nom. pl. rên-weardas (of
+Beówulf and Grendel contending for the possession of the hall), 771.
+
+rest, räst, st. f.: 1) _bed, resting-place_: acc. sg. räste, 139; dat. sg.
+on räste (genam) (_from his resting-place_), 1299, 1586; tô räste (_to
+bed_), 1238. Comp.: flet-räst, sele-rest, wäl-rest.--2) _repose, rest_; in
+comp. æfen-räst.
+
+ge-reste (M.H.G. reste), f., _resting-place_: in comp. wind-gereste.
+
+restan, w. v.: 1) _to rest_: inf. restan, 1794; pret. sg. reflex. reste
+hine þâ rûm-heort, 1800.--2) _to rest, cease_: inf., 1858.
+
+rêc (O.H.G. rouh), st. m., _reek, smoke_: instr. sg. rêce, 3157.--Comp.:
+wäl-, wudu-rêc.
+
+rêcan (O.H.G. ruohjan), w. v. w. gen., _to reck, care about something, be
+anxious_: pres. sg. III. wæpna ne rêceð (_recketh not for weapons, weapons
+cannot hurt him_), 434.
+
+rêðe, adj., _wroth, furious_: nom. sg., 122, 1586; nom. pl. rêðe, 771.
+Also, of things, _wild, rough, fierce_: gen. sg. rêðes and-hâttres
+(_fierce, penetrating heat_), 2524.
+
+reáf, st. n., _booty, plunder in war; clothing, garments_ (as taken by the
+victor from the vanquished): in comp. heaðo-, wäl-reáf.
+
+reáfian, w. v., _to plunder, rob_, w. acc.: inf. hord reáfian, 2774; pret.
+sg. þenden reáfode rinc ôðerne, 2986; wäl reáfode, 3028; pret. pl. wäl
+reáfedon, 1213.
+
+be-reáfian, w. instr., _to bereave, rob of_: pret. part. since be-reáfod,
+2747; golde be-reáfod, 3019.
+
+reord, st. f., _speech, language; tone of voice_: acc. sg. on-cniów mannes
+reorde (_knew, heard, a human voice_), 2556.
+
+reordian, w. v., _to speak, talk_: inf. fela reordian _(speak much_), 3026.
+
+ge-reordian, _to entertain, to prepare for_: pret. part. þâ wäs eft swâ ær
+... flet-sittendum fägere ge-reorded (_again, as before, the guests were
+hospitably entertained_), 1789
+
+reót, st. m.?, f.?, _noise, tumult_? (_grave_?): instr. sg. reóte, 2458.
+Bugge, in Zachers Zeits. 4, 215, takes reóte as dat. from reót (_rest,
+repose_).
+
+reóc, adj., _savage, furious_: nom. sg., 122.
+
+be-reófan, st. v., _to rob of, bereave_: pret. part. w. instr. acc. sg.
+fem. golde berofene, 2932; instr. sg. reóte berofene, 2458.
+
+reón. See rôwan.
+
+reótan, st. v., _to weep_: pres. pl. ôð þät ... roderas reótað, 1377.
+
+reów, adj., _excited, fierce, wild_: in comp. blôd-, gûð-, wäl-reów. See
+hreów.
+
+ricone, _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 2984.
+
+riht, st. n., _right_ or _privilege; the_ (abstract) _right_: acc. sg. on
+ryht (_according to right_), 1556; sôð and riht (_truth and right_), 1701;
+dat. sg. wið rihte, 144; äfter rihte (_in accordance with right_), 1050;
+syllîc spell rehte äfter rihte _(told a wondrous tale truthfully_), 2111;
+mid rihte, 2057; acc. pl. ealde riht (_the ten commandments_), 2331;
+--Comp. in êðel-, folc-, land-, un-, word-riht.
+
+riht, adj., _straight, right_: in comp. up-riht.
+
+rihte, adv., _rightly, correctly_, 1696. See ät-rihte.
+
+rinc, st. m., _man, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 399, 2986; also of Grendel,
+721; acc. sg. rinc, 742, 748; dat. sg. rince, 953; of Hrôðgâr, 1678; gen.
+pl. rinca, 412, 729.--Comp. in beado-, gûð-, here-, heaðo-, hilde-, mago-,
+sæ-rinc.
+
+ge-risne, ge-rysne, adj., _appropriate, proper_: nom. sg. n. ge-rysne,
+2654.
+
+rîce, st. n.: 1) _realm, land ruled over_: nom. sg., 2200, 2208; acc. sg.
+rîce, 913, 1734, 1854, 3005; gen. sg. rîces, 862, 1391, 1860, 2028, 3081.
+Comp. Swió-rîce.--2) _council of chiefs, the king with his chosen
+advisers_(?): nom. sg. oft gesät rîce tô rûne, 172.
+
+rîce, adj., _mighty, powerful_: nom. sg. (of Hrôðgâr), 1238; (of Hygelâc),
+1210; (of Äsc-here), 1299; weak form, se rîca (Hrôðgâr), 310; (Beówulf),
+399; (Hygelâc), 1976.--Comp. gimme-rîce.
+
+rîcsian, rîxian, w. v. intrans., _to rule, reign_: inf. rîcsian, 2212;
+pret. sg. rîxode, 144.
+
+rîdan, st. v., _to ride_: subj. pres. þät his byre rîde giong on galgan,
+2446; pres. part. nom. pl. rîdend, 2458; inf. wicge rîdan, 234; mearum
+rîdan, 856; pret. sg. sæ-genga ... se þe on ancre râd, 1884; him tô-geánes
+râd (_rode to meet them_), 1894; pret. pl. ymbe hlæw riodan (_rode round
+the grave-mound_), 3171.
+
+ge-rîdan, w. acc., _to ride over_: pret. sg. se þe näs ge-râd (_who rode
+over the promontory_), 2899.
+
+rîm, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. däg-, un-rîm.
+
+ge-rîm, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. dôgor-ge-rim.
+
+ge-rîman, w. v., _to count together, enumerate in all_: pret. part. in
+comp. forð-gerîmed.
+
+â-rîsan, st. v., _to arise, rise_: imper. sg. â-rîs, 1391; pret. sg. â-râs
+þâ se rîca, 399; so, 652, 1791, 3031; â-râs þâ bî ronde (_arose by his
+shield_), 2539; hwanan sió fæhð â-râs (_whence the feud arose_), 2404.
+
+rodor, st. m., _ether, firmament, sky_ (from _radius_?, Bugge): gen. sg.
+rodores candel, 1573; nom. pl. roderas, 1377; dat. pl. under roderum, 310;
+gen. pl. rodera, 1556.
+
+rôf, adj., _fierce, of fierce, heroic, strength, strong_: nom. sg., 2539;
+also with gen. mägenes rôf (_strong in might_), 2085; so, þeáh þe he rôf
+sîe nîð-geweorca, 683; acc. sg. rôfne, 1794; on þone rôfan, 2691.--Comp.:
+beadu-, brego-, ellen-, heaðo-, hyge-, sige-rôf.
+
+rôt, adj., _glad, joyous_: in comp. un-rôt.
+
+rôwan, st. v., _to row_ (with the arms), _swim_: pret. pl. reón (for
+reówon), 512, 539.
+
+rûm, st. m., _space, room_: nom. sg., 2691.
+
+rûm, adj.: 1) _roomy, spacious_: nom. sg. þûhte him eall tô rûm, wongas and
+wîc-stede (_fields and dwelling seemed to him all too broad_, i.e. could
+not hide his shame at the unavenged death of his murdered son), 2462.--2)
+in moral sense, _great, magnanimous, noble-hearted_: acc. sg. þurh rûmne
+sefan, 278.
+
+rûm-heort, adj., _big-hearted, noble-spirited_: nom. sg., 1800, 2111.
+
+ge-rûm-lîc, adj., _commodious, comfortable_: compar. ge-rûm-lîcor, 139.
+
+rûn, st. f., _secrecy, secret discussion, deliberation_ or _council_: dat.
+sg. ge-sät rîce tô rûne, 172.--Comp. beado-rûn.
+
+rûn-stäf, st. m., _rune-stave, runic letter_: acc. pl. þurh rûn-stafas,
+1696.
+
+rûn-wita, w. m., _rune-wit, privy councillor, trusted adviser_: nom. sg.,
+1326.
+
+ge-rysne. See ge-risne.
+
+ge-rýman, w. v.: 1) _to make room for, prepare, provide room_: pret. pl.
+þät hie him ôðer flet eal ge-rýmdon, 1087; pret. part. þâ wäs Geát-mäcgum
+... benc gerýmed, 492; so, 1976.--2) _to allow, grant, admit_: pret. part.
+þâ me ge-rýmed wäs (sîð) (_as access was permitted me_), 3089; þâ him
+gerýmed wearð, þät hie wäl-stôwe wealdan môston, 2984.
+
+
+S
+
+ge-saca, w. m., _opponent, antagonist, foe_: acc. sg. ge-sacan, 1774.
+
+sacan, st. v., _to strive, contend_: inf. ymb feorh sacan, 439.
+
+ge-sacan, _to attain, gain by contending_ (Grein): inf. gesacan sceal
+sâwl-berendra ... gearwe stôwe _(gain the place prepared_, i.e. the
+death-bed), 1005.
+
+on-sacan: 1) (originally in a lawsuit), _to withdraw, take away, deprive
+of_: pres. subj. þätte freoðuwebbe feores on-säce ... leófne mannan,
+1943.--2) _to contest, dispute, withstand_: inf. þät he sæmannum on-sacan
+mihte (i.e. hord, bearn, and brýde), 2955.
+
+sacu, st. f., _strife, hostility, feud_: nom. sg., 1858, 2473; acc. sg.
+säce, 154; säcce, 1978, 1990, 2348, 2500, 2563; dat. sg. ät (tô) säcce,
+954, 1619, 1666, 2613, 2660, 2682, 2687; gen. sg. secce, 601; gen. pl.
+säcca, 2030.
+
+ge-sacu, st. f., _strife, enmity_: nom. sg., 1738.
+
+sadol, st. m., _saddle_: nom. sg., 1039.
+
+sadol-beorht, adj., _with bright saddles_ (?): acc. pl. sadol-beorht, 2176.
+
+ge-saga. See secgan.
+
+samne, somne, adv., _together, united_; in ät-somne, _together, united_,
+307, 402, 491, 544, 2848.
+
+tô-somne (_together_), 3123; þâ se wyrm ge-beáh snûde tô-somne (_when the
+dragon quickly coiled together_), 2569.
+
+samod, somod: I. adv., _simultaneously, at the same time_: somod, 1212,
+1615, 2175, 2988; samod, 2197; samod ät-gädere, 387, 730, 1064.--II. prep.
+w. dat., _with, at the same time with_: samod ær-däge (_with the break of
+day_), 1312; somod ær-däge, 2943.
+
+sand, st. n., _sand, sandy shore_: dat. sg. on sande, 295, 1897, 3043(?);
+äfter sande (_along the shore_), 1965; wið sande, 213.
+
+sang, st. m., _song, cry, noise_: nom. sg. sang, 1064; swutol sang scôpes,
+90; acc. sg. sige-leásne sang (Grendel's cry of woe), 788; sârigne sang
+(Hrêðel's dirge for Herebeald), 2448.
+
+sâl, st. m., _rope_: dat. sg. sâle, 1907; on sâle (sole, MS.), 302.
+
+sâl. See sæl.
+
+sâr, st. n., _wound, pain_ (physical or spiritual): nom. sg. sâr, 976; sió
+sâr, 2469; acc. sg. sâr, 788; sâre, 2296; dat. (instr.) sg. sâre, 1252,
+2312, 2747.--Comp. lîc-sâr.
+
+sâr, adj., _sore, painful_: instr. pl. sârum wordum, 2059.
+
+sâre, adv., _sorely, heavily, ill_, graviter: se þe him [sâ]re gesceôd
+(_who injured him sorely_), 2224.
+
+sârig, adj., _painful, woeful_: acc. sg. sârigne sang, 2448.
+
+sârig-ferð, adj., _sore-hearted, grieved_: nom. sg. sârig-ferð (Wîglâf),
+2864.
+
+sârig-môd, adj., _sorrowful-minded, saddened_: dat. pl. sârig-môdum, 2943.
+
+sâr-lîc, adj., _painful_: nom. sg., 843; acc. sg. neut., 2110.
+
+sâwol, sâwl, st. f., _soul_ (the immortal principle as contrasted with lîf,
+the physical life): nom. sg. sâwol, 2821; acc. sg. sâwle, 184, 802; hæðene
+sâwle, 853; gen. sg. sâwele, 1743; sâwle, 2423.
+
+sâwl-berend, pres. part., _endowed with a soul, human being_: gen. pl.
+sâwl-berendra, 1005.
+
+sâwul-dreór, st. n., (blood gushing from the seat of the soul), _soul-gore,
+heart's blood, life's blood_: instr. sg. sâwul-drióre, 2694.
+
+sâwul-leás, adj., _soulless, lifeless_: acc. sg. sâwol-leásne, 1407;
+sâwul-leásne, 3034.
+
+säce, säcce. See sacu.
+
+säd, adj., _satiated, wearied_: in comp. hilde-säd.
+
+säl, st. n., _habitable space, house_, _hall_: dat. sg. sel, 167; säl, 307,
+2076, 2265.
+
+säld, st. n., _hall, king's hall_ or _palace_: acc. sg. geond þät säld
+(Heorot), 1281.
+
+sæ, st. m. and f., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg., 579, 1224; acc. sg. on sîdne sæ,
+507; ofer sæ, 2381; ofer sæ sîde, 2395; dat. sg. tô sæ, 318; on sæ, 544;
+dat. pl. be sæm tweonum, 859, 1298, 1686, 1957.
+
+sæ-bât, st. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg., 634, 896.
+
+sæ-cyning, st. m., _sea-king, king ruling the sea_: gen. pl. sæ-cyninga,
+2383.
+
+sæ-deór, st. n., _sea-beast, sea-monster_: nom. sg., 1511.
+
+sæ-draca, w. m., _sea-dragon_: acc. pl. sæ-dracan, 1427.
+
+ge-sægan, w. v., _to fell, slay_: pret. part. häfdon eal-fela eotena cynnes
+sweordum ge-sæged (_felled with the sword_), 885.
+
+sæge. See on-sæge.
+
+sæ-genga, w. m., _sea-goer_, i.e. sea-going ship: nom. sg., 1883, 1909.
+
+sæ-geáp, adj., _spacious_ (broad enough for the sea): nom. sg. sæ-geáp
+naca, 1897.
+
+sæ-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom, ocean-bottom_: dat. sg. sæ-grunde, 564.
+
+sæl, sâl, sêl, st. f.: 1) _favorable opportunity, good_ or _fit time_: nom.
+sg. sæl, 623, 1666, 2059; sæl and mæl, 1009; acc. sg. sêle, 1136; gen. pl.
+sæla and mæla, 1612.--2) _Fate_(?): see Note on l. 51.--3) _happiness,
+joy_: dat. pl. on sâlum, 608; sælum, 644, 1171, 1323. See sêl, adj.
+
+ge-sælan, w. v., _to turn out favorably, succeed_: pret. sg. him ge-sælde
+þät ...(_he was fortunate enough to_, etc.), 891; so, 574; efne swylce
+mæla, swylce hira man-dryhtne þearf ge-sælde (_at such times as need
+disposed it for their lord_), 1251.
+
+sælan (see sâl), w. v., _to tie, bind_: pret. sg. sælde ... sîð-fäðme scip,
+1918; pl. sæ-wudu sældon, 226.
+
+ge-sælan, _to bind together, weave, interweave_: pret. part. earm-beága
+fela searwum ge-sæled (_many curiously interwoven armlets_, i.e. made of
+metal wire: see Guide to Scandinavian Antiquities, p. 48), 2765.
+
+on-sælan, with acc., _to unbind, unloose, open_: on-sæl meoto, sige-hrêð
+secgum (_disclose thy views to the men, thy victor's courage_; or, _thy
+presage of victory_?), 489.
+
+sæ-lâc, st. n., _sea-gift, sea-booty_: instr. sg. sæ-lâce, 1625; acc. pl.
+þâs sæ-lâc, 1653.
+
+sæ-lâd, st. f., _sea-way, sea-journey_: dat. sg. sæ-lâde, 1140, 1158.
+
+sæ-lîðend, pres. part., _seafarer_: nom. pl. sæ-lîðend, 411, 1819, 2807;
+sæ-lîðende, 377.
+
+sæ-man, m., _sea-man, sea-warrior_: dat. pl. sæ-mannum, 2955; gen. pl.
+sæ-manna, 329 (both times said of the Geátas).
+
+sæmra, weak adj. compar., _the worse, the weaker_: nom. sg. sæmra, 2881;
+dat. sg. sæmran, 954.
+
+sæ-mêðe, adj., _sea-weary, exhausted by sea-travel_: nom. pl. sæ-mêðe, 325.
+
+sæ-näs, st. m., _sea-promontory, cape, naze_: acc. pl. sæ-nässas, 223, 571.
+
+sæne, adj., _careless, slow_: compar. sg. nom. he on holme wäs sundes þê
+sænra, þe hyne swylt fornam (_was the slower in swimming in the sea, whom
+death took away_), 1437.
+
+sæ-rinc, st. m., _sea-warrior_ or _hero_: nom. sg., 691.
+
+sæ-sîð, st. m., _sea-way, path, journey_: dat. sg. äfter sæ-sîðe, 1150.
+
+sæ-wang, st. m., _sea-shore_ or _beach_: acc. sg. sæ-wong, 1965.
+
+sæ-weal, st. m., _(sea-wall), seashore_: dat. sg. sæ-wealle, 1925.
+
+sæ-wudu, st. m., _(sea-wood), vessel, ship_: acc. sg. sæ-wudu, 226.
+
+sæ-wylm, st. m., _sea-surf, billow_: acc. pl. ofer sæ-wylmas, 393.
+
+scacan, sceacan, st. v., properly, _to shake one's self_; hence, _to go,
+glide, pass along_ or _away_: pres. sg. þonne mîn sceaceð lîf of lîce,
+2743; inf. þâ com beorht [sunne] scacan [ofer grundas], (_the bright sun
+came gliding over the fields_), 1804; pret. sg. duguð ellor scôc _(the
+chiefs are gone elsewhither_, i.e. have died), 2255; þonne stræla storm ...
+scôc ofer scild-weall (_when the storm of arrows leapt over the wall of
+shields_), 3119; pret. part. wäs hira blæd scacen (_their bravest men had
+passed away_), 1125; þâ wäs winter scacen (_the winter was past_), 1137;
+so, sceacen, 2307, 2728.
+
+scadu, sceadu, st. f., _shadow, concealing veil of night_: acc. sg. under
+sceadu bregdan (i.e. kill), 708.
+
+scadu-genga, w. m., _shadow-goer, twilight-stalker_ (of Grendel): nom. sg.
+sceadu-genga, 704.
+
+scadu-helm, st. m., _shadow-helm, veil of darkness_: gen. pl. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu (_shapes of the shadow, evil spirits wandering by night_), 651.
+
+scalu, st. f., _retinue, band_ (part of an armed force); in comp.
+hand-scalu: mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+scamian, w. v., _to be ashamed_: pres. part. nom. pl. scamiende, 2851; nô
+he þære feoh-gyfte ... scamigan þorfte (_needed not be ashamed of his
+treasure-giving_), 1027.
+
+scawa (see sceáwlan), w. m., _observer, visitor_: nom. pl. scawan, 1896.
+
+ge-scâd, st. n., _difference, distinction_: acc. sg. æg-hwäðres gescâd,
+worda and worca (_difference between, of, both words and deeds_), 288.
+
+ge-scâdan, st. v., _to decide, adjudge_: pret. sg. rodera rædend hit on
+ryht gescêd (_decided it in accordance with right_), 1556.
+
+scânan? See scînan, pret. pl. scionon, 303; the imaginary scânan having
+been abandoned.
+
+ge-scäp-hwîle, st. f., _fated hour, hour of death (appointed rest?)_: dat.
+sg. tô gescäp-hwîle (_at the fated hour_), 26.
+
+sceððan, w. v., _to scathe, injure_: inf. w. dat. pers., 1034; aldre
+sceððan (_hurt her life_), 1525; þät on land Dena lâðra nænig mid scipherge
+sceððan ne meahte (_injure through robber incursions_), 243; pret. sg. þær
+him nænig wäter wihte ne sceðede, 1515.
+
+ge-sceððan, the same: inf. þät him ... ne mihte eorres inwit-feng aldre
+gesceððan, 1448.
+
+scenc, st. m., _vessel, can_: in comp. medu-scenc.
+
+scencan, w. v., _to hand drink, pour out_: pret. sg. scencte scîr wered,
+496 (cf. skinker = cup-bearer).
+
+scenne, w. f.?, _sword-guard?_: dat. pl. on þæm scennum scîran goldes,
+1695.
+
+sceran, st. v., _to shear off, cleave, hew to pieces_: pres. sg. þonne
+heoru bunden ... swîn ofer helme andweard scireð (_hews off the boar-head
+on the helm_), 1288.
+
+ge-sceran, _to divide, hew in two_: pret. sg. helm oft ge-scär (_often
+clove the helm in two_), 1527; so, gescer, 2974.
+
+scerwen, st. f.?, in comp. ealu-scerwen (_ale-scare_ or _panic_?), 770.
+
+scêt. See sceótan.
+
+sceadu. See scadu.
+
+sceaða, w. m.: 1) _scather, foe_: gen. pl. sceaðena, 4.--2) _fighter,
+warrior_: nom. pl. scaðan, 1804.--Comp.: âttor-, dol-, feónd-, gûð-,
+hearm-, leód-, mân-, sin-, þeód-, uht-sceaða.
+
+sceaðan, st. v. w. dat., _to scathe, injure, crush_: pret. sg. se þe oft
+manegum scôd (_which has oft oppressed many_), 1888.
+
+ge-sceaðan, w. dat., the same: pret. sg. swâ him ær gescôd hild ät Heorote,
+1588; se þe him sâre ge-sceôd (_who injured him sorely_), 2224; nô þý ær in
+gescôd hâlan lîce, 1503; bill ær gescôd eald-hlâfordes þam þâra mâðma
+mund-bora wäs (_the weapon of the ancient chieftain had before laid low the
+dragon, the guardian of the treasure_), 2778 (or, _sheathed in brass_?, if
+ær and gescôd form compound).
+
+sceaðen-mæl, st. n., _deadly weapon, hostile sword_: nom. sg., 1940.
+
+sceaft, st. m., _shaft, spear, missile_: nom. sg. sceft, 3119.--Comp.:
+here-, wäl-sceaft.
+
+ge-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _creation, earth, earthly existence_: acc. sg. þâs
+lænan ge-sceaft, 1623.--2) _fate, destiny_: in comp. forð-, lîf-,
+mæl-gesceaft.
+
+scealc, st. m., _servant, military retainer_: nom. sg., 919; (of Beówulf),
+940.--Comp beór-scealc.
+
+ge-sceap, st. n.: 1) _shape, creature_: nom. pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu,
+651.--2) _fate, providence_: acc. sg. heáh ge-sceap (_heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+sceapan, sceppan, scyppan, st. v., _to shape, create, order, arrange,
+establish_: pres. part. scyppend (_the Creator_), 106; pret. sg. scôp him
+Heort naman (_shaped, gave, it the name Heorot_), 78; pres. part. wäs sió
+wrôht scepen heard wið Hûgas, syððan Hygelâc cwom (_the contest with the
+Hûgas became sharp after H. had come_), 2915.
+
+ge-sceapan, _to shape, create_: pret. sg. lîf ge-sceôp cynna gehwylcum, 97.
+
+scear, st. m., _massacre_: in comp. gûð-, inwit-scear, 2429, etc.
+
+scearp, adj., _sharp, able, brave_: nom. sg. scearp scyld-wîga,
+288.--Comp.: beadu-, heaðo-scearp.
+
+scearu, st. f., _division, body, troop_: in comp. folc-scearu; _that is
+decided_ or _determined_, in gûð-scearu (_overthrow_?), 1214.
+
+sceat, st. m., _money_; also _unit of value in appraising_ (cf. Rieger in
+Zacher's Zeits. 3, 415): acc. pl. sceattas, 1687. When numbers are given,
+sceat appears to be left out, cf. 2196, 2995 (see þûsend).--Comp.
+gif-sceat.
+
+sceát, st. m., _region, field_: acc. pl. gefrätwade foldan sceátas leomum
+and leáfum, 96;--_top, surface, part_: gen. pl. eorðan sceáta, 753.
+
+sceáwere, st. m., _observer, spy_: nom. pl. sceáweras, 253.
+
+sceáwian, w. v. w. acc., _to see, look at, observe_: inf. sceáwian, 841,
+1414, 2403, 2745, 3009, 3033; sceáwigan, 1392; pres. sg. II. þät ge genôge
+neán sceáwiað beágas and brâd gold, 3105; subj. pres. þät ic ... sceáwige
+swegle searo-gimmas, 2749; pret. sg. sceáwode, 1688, 2286, 2794; sg. for
+pl., 844; pret. pl. sceáwedon, 132, 204, 984, 1441.
+
+ge-sceáwian, _to see, behold, observe_: pret. part. ge-sceáwod, 3076, 3085.
+
+sceorp, st. n., _garment_: in comp. hilde-sceorp.
+
+sceótan, st. v., _to shoot, hurl missiles_: pres. sg. se þe of flân-bogan
+fyrenum sceóteð, 1745; pres. part. nom. pl. sceótend (_the warriors,
+bowmen_), 704, 1155; dat. pl. for sceótendum (MS. scotenum), 1027.
+
+ge-sceótan, w. acc., _to shoot off, hurry_: pret. sg. hord eft gesceát
+(_the dragon darted again back to the treasure_), 2320.
+
+of-sceótan, _to kill by shooting_: pret. sg. his mæg of-scêt ... blôdigan
+gâre _(killed his brother with bloody dart_), 2440.
+
+scild, scyld, st. m., _shield_: nom. sg. scyld, 2571; acc. sg. scyld, 437,
+2076; acc. pl. scyldas, 325, 333, 2851.
+
+scildan, scyldan, w. v., _to shield, protect_: pret. subj. nymðe mec god
+scylde (_if God had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+scild-freca, w. m., _shield-warrior_ (warrior armed with a shield): nom.
+sg. scyld-freca, 1034.
+
+scild-weall, st. m., _wall of shields_: acc. sg. scild-weall, 3119.
+
+scild-wîga, w. m., _shield-warrior_: nom. sg. scyld-wîga, 288.
+
+scinna, w. m., _apparition, evil spirit_: dat. pl. scynnum, 940.
+
+scip, st. n., _vessel, ship_: nom. sg., 302; acc. sg., 1918; dat. sg. tô
+scipe, 1896; gen. sg. scipes, 35, 897; dat pl. tô scypum (scypon, MS.),
+1155.
+
+scip-here, st. m., (exercitus navalis) _armada, fleet_: dat. sg. mid
+scip-herge, 243.
+
+ge-scîfe (for ge-scýfe), adj., _advancing_ (of the dragon's movement),
+2571; = G. _schief_?
+
+scînan, st. v., _to shine, flash_: pres. sg. sunne ... sûðan scîneð, 607;
+so, 1572; inf. geseah blâcne leóman beorhte scînan, 1518; pret. sg.
+(gûð-byrne, woruld--candel) scân, 321, 1966; on him byrne scân, 405; pret.
+pl. gold-fâg scinon web äfter wagum, 995; scionon, 303.
+
+scîr, adj., _sheer, pure, shining_: nom. sg. hring-îren scîr, 322; scîr
+metod, 980; acc. sg. n. scîr wered, 496; gen. sg. scîran goldes, 1695.
+
+scîr-ham, adj., _bright-armored, clad in bright mail_: nom. pl. scîr-hame,
+1896.
+
+scoten. See sceóten.
+
+ge-scôd, pret. part., _shod_ (calceatus), _covered_: in comp.
+ær-ge-scôd(?). See ge-sceaðan, and Note.
+
+scôp, st. m., _singer, shaper, poet_: nom. sg., 496, 1067; gen. sg. scôpes,
+90.
+
+scräf, st. n., _hole in the earth, cavern_: in comp. eorð-scräf.
+
+scrîðan, st. v., _to stride, go_: pres. pl. scrîðað, 163; inf. scrîðan,
+651, 704; scrîðan tô, 2570.
+
+scrîfan, st. v., _to prescribe, impose_ (punishment): inf. hû him (Grendel)
+scîr metod scrîfan wille, 980.
+
+for-scrîfan, w. dat. pers., _to proscribe, condemn_: pret. part. siððan him
+scyppend for-scrifen häfde, 106.
+
+ge-scrîfan, _to permit, prescribe_: pret. sg. swâ him Wyrd ne ge-scrâf (_as
+Weird did not permit him_), 2575.
+
+scrûd, st. m., _clothing, covering; ornament_: in comp. beadu-,
+byrdu-scrûd.
+
+scucca, w. m., _shadowy sprite, demon_: dat. pl. scuccum, 940.
+
+sculan, aux. v. w. inf.: 1) _shall, must_ (obligation): pres. sg. I., III.
+sceal, 20, 24, 183, 251, 271, 287, 440, 978, 1005, 1173, 1387, 1535, etc.;
+scel, 455, 2805, 3011; II. scealt, 589, 2667; subj. pres. scyle, 2658;
+scile, 3178; pret. ind. sg. I., III. scolde, 10, 806, 820, 966, 1071, 1444,
+1450, etc.; sceolde, 2342, 2409, 2443, 2590, 2964; II. sceoldest, 2057; pl.
+scoldon, 41, 833, 1306, 1638; subj. pret. scolde, 1329, 1478; sceolde,
+2709.--2) w. inf. following it expresses futurity, = _shall, will_: pres.
+sg. I., III. sceal beódan (_shall offer_), 384; so, 424, 438, 602, 637,
+1061, 1707, 1856, 1863, 2070; sceall, 2499, 2509, etc.; II. scealt, 1708;
+pl. wit sculon, 684; subj. pret. scolde, 280, 692, 911; sceolde, 3069.--3)
+sculan sometimes forms a periphrastic phrase or circumlocution for a simple
+tense, usually with a slight feeling of obligation or necessity: pres. sg.
+he ge-wunian sceall (_he inhabits; is said to inhabit?_), 2276; pret. sg.
+se þe wäter-egesan wunian scolde, 1261; wäcnan scolde (_was to awake_), 85;
+se þone gomelan grêtan sceolde (_was to, should, approach_), 2422; þät se
+byrn-wîga bûgan sceolde (_the corseleted warrior had to bow, fell_), 2919;
+pl. þâ þe beado-grîman býwan sceoldon (_they that had to polish or deck the
+battle-masks_), 2258; so, 230, 705, 1068.--4) w. omitted inf., such as
+wesan, gangan: unc sceal worn fela mâðma ge-mænra (i.e. wesan). 1784; so,
+2660; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum befeallen (i.e. wesan), 2256; ic him
+äfter sceal (i.e. gangan), 2817; subj. þonne þu forð scyle (i.e. gangan),
+1180. A verb or inf. expressed in an antecedent clause is not again
+expressed with a subsequent sceal: gæð â Wyrd swâ hió scel (_Weird goeth
+ever as it shall_ [go]), 455; gûð-bill ge-swâc swâ hit nô sceolde (i.e.
+ge-swîcan), 2586.
+
+scûa, w. m., _shadowy demon_: in comp. deáð-scûa.
+
+scûfan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to move forward, hasten_: pret. part. þâ wäs
+morgen-leóht scofen and scynded, 919.--2) w. acc., _to shove, push_: pret.
+pl. guman ût scufon ... wudu bundenne (_pushed the vessel from the land_),
+215; dracan scufun ... ofer weall-clif (_pushed the dragon over the
+wall-like cliff_), 3132. See wîd-scofen(?)
+
+be-scûfan, w. acc., _to push, thrust down, in_: inf. wâ bið þäm þe sceal
+... sâwle be-scûfan in fýres fäðm (_woe to him that shall thrust his soul
+into fire's embrace_), 184.
+
+scûr, st. m., _shower, battle-shower_: in comp. îsern-scûr.
+
+scûr-heard, adj., _fight-hardened? (file-hardened?_): nom. pl. scûr-heard,
+1034.
+
+scyld, scyldan. See scild, scildan.
+
+scyldig, adj., _under obligations_ or _bound for; guilty of_, w. gen. and
+instr.: ealdres (morðres) scyldig, 1339, 1684, 2062; synnum scyldig
+(_guilty of evil deeds_), 3072.
+
+scyndan, w. v., _to hasten_: inf. scyndan, 2571; pret. part, scynded, 919
+
+scynna. See scinna.
+
+scyppend. See sceapan.
+
+scyran, w. v., _to arrange, decide_: inf. þät hit sceaðen-mæl scyran môste
+(_that the sword must decide it_), 1940. O.N. skora, _to score, decide_.
+
+scýne, adj., _sheen, well-formed, beautiful_: nom. sg. mägð scýne, 3017.
+
+se, pron. dem. and article, _the_: m. nom., 79, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 102,
+etc.; fem, seó, 66, 146, etc.; neut. þät;--relative: se (_who_), 1611,
+2866; se þe (_he who_), 2293; seó þe (_she who_), 1446; se þe (for seó þe),
+1345, 1888, 2686; cf. 1261, 1498; (Grendel's mother, as a wild, demonic
+creature, is conceived now as man, now as woman: woman, as having borne a
+son; man, as the incarnation of savage cunning and power); se for seó,
+2422; dat. sg. þam (for þam þe), 2780.
+
+secce. See sacu.
+
+secg, st. m., _man, warrior, hero, spokesman_ (secgan?): nom. sg., 208,
+872, 2228, 2407, etc.; (Beówulf), 249, 948, 1312, 1570, 1760, etc.;
+(Wulfgâr), 402; (Hûnferð), 981; (Wîglâf), 2864; acc. sg. sinnigne secg
+(Grendel's mother, cf. se), 1380; dat. sg. secge, 2020; nom. pl. secgas,
+213, 2531, 3129; dat. pl. secgum, 490; gen. pl. secga, 634, 843, 997, 1673.
+
+secg, st. f., _sword_ (sedge?): acc. sg. secge, 685.
+
+secgan, w. v., _to say, speak_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. gode ic þanc secge,
+1998; so, 2796; pres. part. swâ se secg hwata secgende wäs lâðra spella
+(partitive gen.), 3029; inf. secgan, 582, 876, 881, 1050; pret. sg. sägde
+him þäs leánes þanc, 1810; pret. sg. II. hwät þu worn fela ... sägdest from
+his sîðe, 532.--2) without acc inf. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273;
+pret. sg. sägde, 2633, 2900--3) w. depend. clause: pres. sg. ic secge, 591;
+pl. III. secgað, 411; inf. secgan, 51, 391, 943, 1347, 1701, 1819, 2865,
+3027; gerund. tô secganne, 473, 1725; pret. sg. sägde, 90, 1176; pl.
+sägdon, 377, 2188; sædan, 1946.
+
+â-secgan (edicere), _to say out, deliver_: inf. wille ic â-secgan suna
+Healfdenes ... mîn ærende, 344.
+
+ge-secgan, _to say, relate_: imper. sg. II. ge-saga, 388; þät ic his ærest
+þe eft ge-sägde (_that I should, after, tell thee its origin_), 2158; pret.
+part. gesägd, 141; gesæd, 1697.
+
+sefa, w. m., _heart, mind, soul, spirit_: nom. sg., 49, 490, 595, 2044,
+2181, 2420, 2601, 2633; acc. sg. sefan, 278, 1727, 1843; dat. sg. sefan,
+473, 1343, 1738.--Comp. môd-sefa.
+
+ge-segen, st. f., _legend, tale_: in comp. eald-ge-segen.
+
+segl, st. n., _sail_: nom. sg., 1907.
+
+segl-râd, st. f., _sail-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. on segl-râde, 1430.
+
+segn, st. n., _banner_, vexillum: nom. sg., 2768, 2959; acc. sg. segen, 47,
+1022; segn, 2777; dat. sg. under segne, 1205.--Comp. heáfod-segn.
+
+sel, st. n., _hall, palace_. See säl.
+
+seld, st. n., _dwelling, house_: in comp. medu-seld.
+
+ge-selda, w. m., contubernalis, _companion_: acc. sg. geseldan, 1985.
+
+seldan, adv., _seldom_: oft [nô] seldan, 2030.
+
+seld-guma, w. m., _house-man, home-stayer(?); common man?, house-carl?_:
+nom. sg., 249.
+
+sele, st. m. and n., _building consisting of one apartment; apartment,
+room_: nom. sg., 81, 411; acc. sg. sele, 827, 2353; dat. sg. tô sele, 323,
+1641; in (on, tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920, 1017, 1985; on sele (_in the den
+of the dragon_), 3129.--Comp.: beáh-, beór-, dryht-, eorð-, gest-, gold-,
+grund-, gûð-, heáh-, hring-, hrôf-, nið-, win-sele.
+
+sele-dreám, st. m., _hall-glee, joy in the hall_: acc. sg. þâra þe þis lîf
+ofgeaf, gesâwon sele-dreám (referring to the joy of heaven?), 2253.
+
+sele-ful, st. n., _hall-goblet_: acc. sg., 620.
+
+sele-gyst, st. m., _hall-guest, stranger in hall_ or _house_: acc. sg. þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+sele-rædend, pres. part., _hall-ruler, possessor of the hall_: nom. pl.,
+51; acc. leóde mîne sele-rædende, 1347.
+
+sele-rest, st. f., _bed in the hall_: acc. sg. sele-reste, 691.
+
+sele-þegn, st. m., _retainer, hall-thane, chamberlain_: nom. sg., 1795.
+
+sele-weard, st. m., _hall-ward, guardian of the hall_: acc. sg., 668.
+
+self, sylf, pron., _self_: nom. sg. strong form, self, 1314, 1925 (?
+selfa); þu self, 595; þu þe self, 954; self cyning (_the king himself, the
+king too_), 921, 1011; sylf, 1965; in weak form, selfa, 1469; he selfa, 29,
+1734; þäm þe him selfa deáh (_that can rely upon, trust to, himself_),
+1840; seolfa, 3068; he sylfa, 505; god sylfa, 3055; acc. sg. m. selfne,
+1606; hine selfne (_himself_), 962; hyne selfne (_himself_, reflex.), 2876;
+wið sylfne (_beside_), 1978; gen. sg. m. selfes, 701, 896; his selfes,
+1148; on sînne sylfes dôm (_at his own will_), 2148; sylfes, 2224, 2361,
+2640, 2711, 2777, 3014; his sylfes, 2014, 2326; fem. hire selfre, 1116;
+nom. pl. selfe, 419; Sûð-Dene sylfe, 1997.
+
+ge-sella, w. m., _house-companion, comrade_: in comp. hand-gesella.
+
+sellan, syllan, w. v.: 1) w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to give,
+deliver; permit, grant, present_: pres. sg. III. seleð him on êðle eorðan
+wynne, 1731; inf. syllan, 2161, 2730; pret. sg. sealde, 72, 673, 1272,
+1694, 1752, 2025, 2156, 2183, 2491, 2995; nefne god sylfa sealde þam þe he
+wolde hord openian (_unless God himself gave to whom he would to open the
+hoard_), 3056; pret. sg. II. sealdest, 1483.--2) _to give, give up_ (only
+w. acc. of thing): ær he feorh seleð (_he prefers to give up his life_),
+1371; nallas on gylp seleð fätte beágas (_giveth out gold-wrought rings_,
+etc.), 1750; pret. sg. sinc-fato sealde, 623; pl. byrelas sealdon wîn of
+wunder-fatum, 1162.
+
+ge-sellan, w. acc. and dat. of pers., _to give, deliver; grant, present_:
+inf. ge-sellan, 1030; pret. sg. ge-sealde, 616, 1053, 1867, 1902, 2143,
+etc.
+
+sel-lîc, syl-lîc (from seld-lîc), adj., _strange, wondrous_: nom. sg. glôf
+... syllîc, 2087; acc. sg. n. syllîc spell, 2110; acc. pl. sellîce
+sæ-dracan, 1427. Compar. acc. sg. syllîcran wiht (the dragon), 3039.
+
+semninga, adv., _straightway, at once_ 645, 1641, 1768.
+
+sendan, w. v. w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers., _to send_: pret. sg. þone
+god sende folce tô frôfre (_whom God sent as a comfort to the people_), 13;
+so, 471, 1843.
+
+for-sendan, _to send away, drive off_ pret. part. he wearð on feónda
+geweald ... snûde for-sended, 905.
+
+on-sendan, _to send forth, away_, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers.:
+imper. sg. on-send, 452, 1484; pret. sg. on-sende, 382; pl. þe hine ...
+forð on-sendon ænne ofer ýðe (_who sent him forth alone over the sea_), 45;
+pret. part. bealo-cwealm hafað fela feorh-cynna feorr on-sended, 2267.
+
+sendan (cf. Gl. Aldhelm, sanda = ferculorum, epularum, in Haupt IX. 444),
+w. v., _to feast, banquet_: pres. sg. III. sendeð, 601.--Leo.
+
+serce, syrce, w. f., _sark, shirt of mail_: nom. sg. syrce, 1112; nom. pl.
+syrcan, 226; acc. pl. græge syrcan, 334.--Comp.: beadu-, heoro-serce;
+here-, leoðo-, lîc-syrce.
+
+sess, st. m., _seat, place for sitting_: dat. sg. sesse, 2718; þâ he bî
+sesse geóng (_by the seat_, i.e. before the dragon's lair), 2757.
+
+setl, st. n., _seat, settle_: acc. sg., 2014; dat. sg. setle, 1233, 1783,
+2020; gen. sg. setles, 1787; dat. pl. setlum, 1290.--Comp.: heáh-, hilde-,
+meodu-setl.
+
+settan, w. v., _to set_: pret. sg. setton sæ-mêðe sîde scyldas ... wið þäs
+recedes weall (_the sea-wearied ones set their broad shields against the
+wall of the hall_), 325; so, 1243.
+
+â-settan, _to set, place, appoint_: pret. pl. hie him â-setton segen
+[gyl]-denne heáh ofer heáfod, 47; pret. part. häfde kyninga wuldor Grendle
+tô-geánes ... sele-weard â-seted, 668.
+
+be-settan, _to set with, surround_: pret. sg. (helm) besette swîn-lîcum
+(_set the helm with swine-bodies_), 1454.
+
+ge-settan: 1) _to set, set down_: pret. part. swâ wäs ...þurh rûn-stafas
+rihte ge-mearcod, ge-seted and ge-sæd (_thus was ... in rune-staves rightly
+marked, set down and said_), 1697.--2) _to set, ordain, create_: pret. sg.
+ge-sette ... sunnan and mônan leóman tô leóhte land-bûendum, 94.--3) =
+componere, _to lay aside, smooth over, appease_: pret. sg. þät he mid þý
+wîfe wäl-fæhða ... dæl ... ge-sette, 2030.
+
+sêcan, w. v., _to follow after_, hence: 1) _to seek, strive for_, w. acc.:
+pret. sg. sinc-fät sôhte _(sought the costly cup_), 2301; ne sôhte
+searo-nîðas, 2739; so, 3068. Without acc.: þonne his myne sôhte (_than his
+wish demanded_), 2573; hord-weard sôhte georne äfter grunde (_the
+hoard-warden sought eagerly along the ground_), 2294.--2) _to look for,
+come_ or _go some whither, attain something_, w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe
+... biorgas sêceð, 2273; subj. þeáh þe hæð-stapa holt-wudu sêce, 1370;
+imper. sêc gif þu dyrre (_look for her_, i.e. Grendel's mother, _if thou
+dare_), 1380; inf. sêcean, 200, 268, 646, 1598, 1870, 1990, 2514(?), 3103,
+etc.; sêcan, 665, 1451; drihten sêcean (_seek, go to, the Lord_), 187;
+sêcean wyn-leás wîc (_Grendel was to seek a joyless place_, i.e. Hell),
+822; so, sêcan deófla gedräg, 757; sâwle sêcan (_seek the life, kill_),
+802; so, sêcean sâwle hord, 2423; gerund. säcce tô sêceanne, 2563; pret.
+sg. I., III. sôhte, 139, 208, 376, 417, 2224; II. sôhtest, 458; pl. sôhton,
+339.--3) _to seek, attack_: þe ûs sêceað tô Sweóna leóde, 3002; pret. pl.
+hine wräc-mäcgas ofer sæ sôhtan, 2381.
+
+ge-sêcan: 1) _to seek_, w. acc.: inf. gif he gesêcean dear wîg ofer wæpen,
+685.--2) _to look for, come_ or _go to attain_, w. acc.: inf. ge-sêcean,
+693; gerund, tô ge-sêcanne, 1923; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 463, 520, 718, 1952;
+pret. part. nom. pl. feor-cýððe beóð sêlran ge-sôhte þam þe hine selfa
+deáh, 1840.--3) _to seek with hostile intent, to attack_: pres. sg.
+ge-sêceð 2516; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 2347; pl. ge-sôhton, 2927; ge-sôhtan,
+2205.
+
+ofer-sêcan, w. acc., _to surpass, outdo_ (in an attack): pres. sg. wäs sió
+hond tô strong, se þe mêca gehwane ... swenge ofer-sôhte, þonne he tô säcce
+bär wæpen wundrum heard (_too strong was the hand, that surpassed every
+sword in stroke, when he_ [Beówulf] _bore the wondrous weapon to battle_,
+i.e. the hand was too strong for any sword; its strength made it useless in
+battle), 2687.
+
+sêl, st. f. See sæl.
+
+sêl, sæl, adj., _good, excellent, fit_, only in compar.: nom. sg. m. sêlra,
+861, 2194; þæm þær sêlra wäs (_to the one that was the better_, i.e.
+Hygelâc), 2200; deáð bið sêlla þonne edwît-lîf, 2891; neut. sêlre, 1385;
+acc. sg. m. sêlran þe (_a better than thee_), 1851; sêlran, 1198; neut. þät
+sêlre, 1760; dat. sg. m. sêlran sweord-frecan, 1469; nom. pl. fem. sêlran,
+1840. Superl., strong form: nom. sg. neut. sêlest, 173, 1060; hûsa sêlest,
+146, 285, 936; ôfost is sêlest, 256; bolda sêlest, 2327; acc. sg. neut.
+hrägla sêlest, 454; hûsa sêlest, 659; billa sêlest, 1145;--weak form: nom.
+sg. m. reced sêlesta, 412; acc. sg. m. þone sêlestan, 1407, 2383; (þäs,
+MS.), 1957; dat. sg. m. þäm sêlestan, 1686; nom. pl. sêlestan, 416; acc.
+pl. þâ sêlestan, 3123.
+
+sêl, compar. adv., _better, fitter, more excellent_, 1013, 2531; ne byð him
+wihte þê sêl (_he shall be nought the better for it_), 2278; so, 2688.
+
+sealma (Frisian selma, in bed-selma), w. m., _bed-chamber, sleeping-place_:
+acc. sg. on sealman, 2461.
+
+sealt, adj., _salty_: acc. sg. neut. ofer sealt wäter (_the sea_), 1990.
+
+searo (G. sarwa, pl.), st. n.: 1) _armor, accoutrements, war-gear_: nom.
+pl. sæ-manna searo, 329; dat. pl. secg on searwum (_a man, warrior, in
+panoply_), 249, 2701; in (on) searwum, 323, 1558; 2531, 2569; instr. pl.
+searwum, 1814.--2) _insidiae, ambuscade, waylaying, deception, battle_: þâ
+ic of searwum cwom, fâh from feóndum, 419.--3) _cunning, art, skill_:
+instr. pl. sadol searwum fâh (_saddle cunningly ornamented_), 1039;
+earmbeága fela, searwum ge-sæled (_many cunningly-linked armlets_),
+2765.--Comp. fyrd-, gûð-, inwit-searo.
+
+searo-bend, st. f., _band, bond, of curious workmanship_: instr. pl.
+searo-bendum fäst, 2087.
+
+searo-fâh, adj., _cunningly inlaid, ornamented, with gold_: nom. sg.
+here-byrne hondum ge-broden, sîd and searo-fâh, 1445.
+
+searo-ge-þräc, st. n., _heap of treasure-objects_: acc. sg., 3103.
+
+searo-gim, st. m., _cunningly set gem, rich jewel_: acc. pl. searo-gimmas,
+2750; gen. pl. searo-gimma, 1158.
+
+searo-grim, adj., _cunning and fierce_: nom. sg., 595.
+
+searo-häbbend, pres. part. as subst., _arms-bearing, warrior with his
+trappings_: gen. pl. searo-häbbendra, 237.
+
+searo-net, st. n., _armor-net, shirt of mail, corselet_: nom. sg., 406.
+
+searo-nîð, st. m.: 1) _cunning hostility, plot, wiles_: acc. pl.
+searo-nîðas, 1201, 2739.--2) also, only _hostility, feud, contest_: acc.
+pl. searo-nîðas, 3068; gen. pl. searo-nîða, 582.
+
+searo-þanc, st. m., _ingenuity_: instr. pl. searo-þoncum, 776.
+
+searo-wundor, st. n., _rare wonder_: acc. sg., 921.
+
+seax, st. n., _shortsword, hip-knife; dagger_: instr. sg. seaxe,
+1546.--Comp. wäl-seax.
+
+seax-ben, st. f., _dagger-wound_: instr. pl. siex-bennum, 2905.
+
+seofon, num., _seven_, 517; seofan, 2196; decl. acc. syfone, 3123.
+
+seomian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to be tied; lie at rest_: inf. siomian, 2768;
+pret. sg. seomode, 302.--2) w. acc., _to put in bonds, entrap, catch_:
+pret. sg. duguðe and geogoðe seomade (cf. 2086-2092), 161.
+
+seonu, st. f., _sinew_: nom. pl. seonowe, 818.
+
+seóc, adj., _feeble, weak; fatally ill_: nom. sg. feorh-bennum seóc (of
+Beówulf, _sick unto death_), 2741; siex-bennum seóc (of the dead dragon),
+2905; nom. pl. môdes seóce (_sick of soul_), 1604.--Comp.: ellen-, feorh-,
+heaðo-seóc.
+
+seóðan, st. v. w. acc., _to seethe, boil_; figuratively, _be excited over,
+brood_: pret. sg. ic þäs môd-ceare sorh-wylmum seáð (_I pined in
+heart-grief for that_), 1994; so, 190.
+
+seóloð, st. m.?, _bight, bay_ (cf. Dietrich in Haupt XI. 416): gen. pl.
+sióleða bi-gong (_the realm of bights_ = the [surface of the] sea?), 2368.
+
+seón, sýn, st. f., _aspect, sight_: in comp. wlite-, wundor-seón, an-sýn.
+
+seón, st. v., _to see_: a) w. acc.: inf. searo-wunder seón, 921; so, 387,
+1181, 1276, 3103; þær mäg nihta ge-hwæm nîð-wundor seón (_there may every
+night be seen a repulsive marvel_), 1366; pret. sg. ne seah ic ...
+heal-sittendra medudreám mâran, 2015.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.: ne
+seah ic elþeódige þus manige men môdiglîcran, 336.--c) w. prep. or adv.:
+pret. sg. seah on enta ge-weorc, 2718; seah on un-leófe, 2864; pl. folc tô
+sægon (_looked on_), 1423.
+
+ge-seón, _to see, behold_: a) w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe beáh ge-syhð,
+2042; inf. ge-seón, 396, 571, 649, 962, 1079, etc.; pret. sg. geseah, 247,
+927, 1558, 1614; pl. ge-sâwon, 1606, 2253.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.,
+pres. sg. III. ge-syhð ... on his suna bûre win-sele wêstne (_sees in his
+son's house the wine-hall empty_; or, _hall of friends_?), 2456.--c) w.
+inf.: pret. sg. ge-seah ... beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas (_saw shining
+shields borne over the gang-plank_), 229; pret. pl. mære mâððum-sweord
+monige ge-sâwon beforan beorn beran, 1024.--d) w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg.
+ge-seah, 729, 1517, 1586, 1663, 2543, 2605, etc.; pl. ge-sâwon, 221, 1348,
+1426; ge-sêgan, 3039; ge-sêgon, 3129.--e) w. depend, clause: inf. mäg þonne
+... geseón sunu Hrêðles, þät ic (_may the son of H. see that I..._), 1486;
+pret. pl. ge-sâwon, 1592.
+
+geond-seón, _to see, look through, over_, w. acc.: pret. sg. (ic) þät eall
+geond-seh, 3088.
+
+ofer-seón, _to see clearly, plainly_: pret. pl. ofer-sâwon, 419.
+
+on-seón, _to look on, at_, w. acc.: pret. pl. on-sâwon, 1651.
+
+seówian, w. v., _to sew, put together, link_: pret. part. searo-net seówed
+smiðes or-þancum (_the corselet woven by the smith's craft_), 406.
+
+sib, st. f., _peace, friendship, relationship_: nom. sg., 1165, 1858; sibb,
+2601; acc. sibbe, 950, 2432, 2923; instr. sg. sibbe (_in peace_?),
+154.--Comp.: dryht-, friðo-sib.
+
+sib-äðeling, st. m., _nobilis consanguineus, kindred prince_ or _nobleman_:
+nom. pl. -äðelingas, 2709.
+
+sibbe-gedryht, st. f., _body of allied_ or _related warriors_: acc. sg.
+sibbe-gedriht (the Danes), 387; (the Geátas), 730.
+
+siððan, syððan: 1) adv.: a) _since, after, from now on, further_, 142, 149,
+283, 567, 1903, 2052, 2065, 2176, 2703, 2807, 2921; seoððan, 1876.--b)
+_then, thereupon, after_, 470, 686, 1454, 1557, 1690, 2208; seoððan, 1938;
+ær ne siððan (_neither before nor after_), 719.
+
+2) Conj.: a) w. ind. pres., _as soon as, when_, 413, 605, 1785, 2889,
+2912.--b) w. ind. pret., _when, whilst_, 835, 851, 1205, 1207, 1421, 1590,
+2357, 2961, 2971, 3128; seoððan, 1776;--_since_, 649, 657, 983, 1199, 1254,
+1309, 2202;--_after_, either with pluperf.: siððan him scyppend forscrifen
+häfde (_after the Creator had proscribed him_), 106; so, 1473; or with
+pret. = pluperf.: syððan niht becom (_after night had come on_), 115; so,
+6, 132, 723, 887, 902, 1078, 1149, 1236, 1262, 1282, 1979, 2013, 2125; or
+pret. and pluperf. together, 2104-2105.
+
+siex. See seax.
+
+sige-dryhten, st. m., _lord of victory, victorious lord_: nom. sg.
+sige-drihten, 391.
+
+sige-eádig, adj., _blest with victory, victorious_: acc. sg. neut.
+sige-eádig bil, 1558.
+
+sige-folc, st. n., _victorious people, troop_: gen. pl. sige-folca, 645.
+
+sige-hrêð, st. f., _confidence of victory_(?): acc. sg., 490. See Note.
+
+sige-hrêðig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 94, 1598, 2757.
+
+sige-hwîl, st. f., _hour_ or _day of victory_: gen. sg. sige-hwîle, 2711.
+
+sige-leás, adj., _devoid of victory, defeated_: acc. sg. sige-leásne sang,
+788.
+
+sige-rôf, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 620.
+
+sige-þeód, st. f., _victorious warrior troop_: dat. sg. on sige-þeóde,
+2205.
+
+sige-wæpen, st. n., _victor-weapon, sword_: dat. pl. sige-wæpnum, 805.
+
+sigl, st. n.: 1) _sun_: nom. sg. sigel, 1967.--2) _sun-shaped ornament_:
+acc. pl. siglu, 3165; sigle (bracteates of a necklace), 1201; gen. pl.
+sigla, 1158.--Comp. mâððum-sigl.
+
+sigor, st. m., _victory_: gen. sg. sigores, 1022; gen. pl. sigora, 2876,
+3056.--Comp.: hrêð-, wîg-sigor.
+
+sigor-eádig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg. sigor-eádig secg (of Beówulf),
+1312, 2353.
+
+sin. See syn.
+
+sinc, st. n., _treasure, jewel, property_: nom. sg., 2765; acc. sg. sinc,
+81, 1205, 1486, 2384, 2432; instr. sg. since, 1039, 1451, 1616, 1883, 2218,
+2747; gen. sg. sinces, 608, 1171, 1923, 2072; gen. pl. sinca, 2429.
+
+sinc-fâh, adj., _treasure-decked_: acc. sg. neut. weak form, sinc-fâge sel,
+167.
+
+sinc-fät, st. n., _costly vessel_: acc. sg., 2232, 2301;--_a costly
+object_: acc. sg., 1201 (i.e. mene); acc. pl. sinc-fato, 623.
+
+sinc-ge-streón, st. n., _precious treasure, jewel of value _: instr. pl.
+-gestreónum, 1093; gen. pl. -gestreóna, 1227.
+
+sinc-gifa, w. m., _jewel-giver, treasure-giver = prince, ruler_: acc. sg.
+sinc-gyfan, 1013; dat. sg. sinc-gifan (of Beówulf), 2312; (of Äschere),
+1343.
+
+sinc-mâððum, st. m., _treasure_: nom. sg., 2194.
+
+sinc-þego, f., _acceptance, taking, of jewels_: nom. sg., 2885.
+
+sin-dolh, st. n., _perpetual_, i.e. incurable, _wound_: nom. sg. syn-dolh,
+818.
+
+sin-freá, w. m., _wedded lord, husband_: nom. sg., 1935.
+
+sin-gal, adj., _continual, lasting_: acc. sg. fem, sin-gale säce, 154.
+
+sin-gales, adv. gen. sg., _continually, ever_, 1778; syngales, 1136.
+
+singala, adv. gen. pl., the same, 190.
+
+singan, st. v., _to sound, ring, sing_: pret. sg. hring-îren scîr song in
+searwum (_the ringed iron rang in the armor_), 323; horn stundum song
+fûs-lîc f[yrd]-leóð (_at times the horn rang forth a ready battle-song_),
+1424; scôp hwîlum sang (_the singer sang at whiles_), 496.
+
+â-singan, _to sing out, sing to an end_: pret. part. leóð wäs â-sungen,
+1160.
+
+sin-here, st. m., (_army without end_?), _strong army, host_: instr. sg.
+sin-herge, 2937.
+
+sin-niht, st. f., _perpetual night, night after night_: acc. pl. sin-nihte
+(_night after night_), 161.
+
+sin-sceaða, w. m., _irreconcilable foe_: nom. sg. syn-scaða, 708; acc. sg.
+syn-scaðan, 802.
+
+sin-snæd, st. f., (_continuous biting_) _bite after bite_: dat. pl.
+syn-snædum swealh (_swallowed bite after bite, in great bites_), 744.
+
+sittan, st. v.: 1) _to sit_: pres. sg. Wîglâf siteð ofer Biówulfe, 2907;
+imper. sg. site nu tô symle, 489; inf. þær swîð-ferhðe sittan eodon
+(_whither the strong-minded went and sat_), 493; eode ... tô hire freán
+sittan (_went to sit by her lord_), 642; pret. sg. on wicge sät (_sat on
+the horse_), 286; ät fôtum sät (_sat at the feet_), 500, 1167; þær Hrôðgâr
+sät (_where H. sat_), 356; so, 1191, 2895; he gewêrgad sät ... freán eaxlum
+neáh, 2854; pret. pl. sæton, 1165; gistas sêtan (MS. sêcan) ... and on mere
+staredon (_the strangers sat and stared on the sea_), 1603.--2) _to be in a
+certain state_ or _condition_ (_quasi_ copula): pret. sg. mære þeóden ...
+unblîðe sät, 130.--Comp.: flet-, heal-sittend.
+
+be-sittan, obsidere, _to surround, besiege_, w. acc.: besät þâ sin-herge
+sweorda lâfe wundum wêrge (_then besieged he with a host the leavings of
+the sword, wound-weary_), 2937.
+
+for-sittan, obstrui, _to pass away, fail_: pres. sg. eágena bearhtm
+for-siteð (_the light of the eyes passeth away_), 1768.
+
+ge-sittan: 1) _to sit, sit together_: pret. sg. monig-oft ge-sät rîce to
+rûne (_very often sat the king deliberating with his council_ (see rîce),
+171; wið earm ge-sät (_supported himself upon his arm, sat on his arm_?),
+750; fêða eal ge-sät (_the whole troop sat down_), 1425; ge-sät þâ wið
+sylfne (_sat there beside, near to, him_, i.e. Hygelâc), 1978;
+
+ge-sät þâ on nässe, 2418; so, 2718; pret. part. (syððan) ... we tô symble
+ge-seten häfdon, 2105.--2) w. acc., _to seat one's self upon_ or _in
+something, to board_: pret. sg. þâ ic ... sæ-bât ge-sät, 634.
+
+of-sittan, w. acc., _to sit over_ or _upon_: pret. sg. of-sät þâ þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+ofer-sittan, w. acc., _to dispense with, refrain from_ (cf. ofer, 2 [c]):
+pres. sg. I. þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan gylp ofer-sitte, 2529; inf. secge
+ofer-sittan, 685.
+
+on-sittan (O.H.G. int-sizzan, _to start from one's seat, to be startled_),
+w. acc., _to fear_: inf. þâ fæhðe, atole ecg-þräce eówer leóde sîwðe
+onsittan _to dread the hostility, the fierce contest, of your people_, 598.
+
+ymb-sittan, _to sit around_, w. acc.: pret. pl. (þät hie) ... symbel
+ymb-sæton (_sat round the feast_), 564. See ymb-sittend.
+
+sîd, adj.: 1) _wide, broad, spacious, large_: nom. sg. (here-byrne, glôf)
+sîd, 1445, 2087; acc. sg. m. sîdne scyld, 437; on sîdne sæ, 507; fem.
+byrnan sîde (of a corselet extending over the legs), 1292; ofer sæ sîde,
+2395; neut. sîde rîce, 1734, 2200; instr. sg. sîdan herge, 2348; acc. pl.
+sîde sæ-nässas, 223; sîde scyldas, 325; gen. pl. sîdra sorga (_of great
+sorrows_), 149.--2) in moral sense, _great, noble_: acc. sg. þurh sîdne
+sefan, 1727.
+
+side, adv., _far and wide, afar_, 1224.
+
+sîd-fäðme, adj., _broad-bosomed_: acc. sg. sîd-fäðme scip, 1918.
+
+sîd-fäðmed, _quasi_ pret. part., the same: nom. sg. sîd-fäðmed scip, 302.
+
+sîd-rand, st. m., _broad shield_: nom. sg., 1290.
+
+sîð (G. seþu-s), adj., _late_: superl. nom. sg. sîðast sige-hwîle (_the
+last hour, day, of victory_), 2711; dat. sg. ät sîðestan (_in the end, at
+last_), 3014.
+
+sîð, adv. compar., _later_: ær and sîð (_sooner and later, early and
+late_), 2501.
+
+sîð (G. sinþ-s), st. m.: l) _road, way, journey, expedition_; esp., _road
+to battle_: nom. sg., 501, 3059, 3090; näs þät êðe sîð (_that was no easy
+road, task_), 2587; so, þät wäs geócor sîð, 766; acc. sg. sîð, 353, 512,
+909, 1279, 1430, 1967; instr. dat. sîðe, 532, 1952, 1994; gen. sg. sîðes,
+579, 1476, 1795, 1909. Also, _return_: nom. sg., 1972.--2) _undertaking,
+enterprise_; esp., _battle-work_: nom. sg. nis þät eówer sîð, 2533; ne bið
+swylc earges sîð (_such is no coward's enterprise_), 2542; acc. sg. sîð,
+873. In pl.= _adventures_: nom. sîðas, 1987; acc. sîðas, 878; gen. sîða,
+318.--3) time (as iterative): nom. sg. näs þät forma sîð (_that was not the
+first time_), 717, 1464; so, 1528, 2626; acc. sg. oftor micle þonne on ænne
+sîð, 1580; instr. sg. (forman, ôðre, þriddan) sîðe, 741, 1204, 2050, 2287,
+2512, 2518, 2671, 2689, 3102.--Comp.: cear-, eft-, ellor-, gryre-, sæ-,
+wil-, wræc-sîð.
+
+ge-sîð, st. m., _comrade, follower_: gen. sg. ge-sîðes, 1298; nom. pl.
+ge-sîðas, 29; acc. pl. ge-sîðas, 2041, 2519; dat. pl. ge-sîðum, 1314, 1925,
+2633; gen. pl. ge-sîða, 1935.--Comp.: eald-, wil-gesîð.
+
+sîð-fät, st. m., _way, journey_: acc. sg. þone sîð-fät, 202; dat. sg.
+sîð-fate, 2640.
+
+sîð-fram, -from, adj., _ready for the journey_: nom. pl. sîð-frome, 1814.
+
+sîðian, w. v., _to journey, march_: inf., 721, 809; pret. sg. sîðode, 2120.
+
+for-sîðian, _iter fatale inire_ (Grein): pret. sg. häfde þâ for-sîðod sunu
+Ecg-þeówes under gynne grund _(would have found his death_, etc.), 1551.
+
+sîe, sý. See wesan.
+
+sîgan, st. v., _to descend, sink, incline_: pret. pl. sigon ät-somne
+(_descended together_), 307; sigon þâ tô slæpe _(they sank to sleep_),
+1252.
+
+ge-sîgan, _to sink, fall_: inf. ge-sîgan ät säcce (_fall in battle_), 2660.
+
+sîn, poss. pron., _his_: acc. sg. m. sînne, 1961, 1985, 2284, 2790; dat.
+sg. sînum, 1508.
+
+slæp, st. m., _sleep_: nom. sg., 1743; dat. sg. tô slæpe, 1252.
+
+slæpan, st. v., _to sleep_: pres. part. nom. sg. slæpende, 2220; acc. sg.
+he gefêng ... slæpendne rinc (_seized a sleeping warrior]_, 742; acc. pl.
+slæpende frät folces Denigea fîftyne men _(devoured, sleeping, fifteen of
+the people of the Danes_), 1582.
+
+sleac, adj., _slack, lazy_: nom. sg., 2188.
+
+sleahan, sleán: 1) _to strike, strike at_: a) intrans.: pres. subj. sg. þät
+he me ongeán sleá (_that he should strike at me_), 682; pret. sg. yrringa
+slôh (_struck angrily_), 1566; so, slôh hilde-bille, 2680. b) trans.: pret.
+sg. þät he þone nîð-gäst nioðor hwêne slôh _(that he struck the dragon
+somewhat lower_, etc.), 2700.--2) w. acc.: _to slay, kill_: pret. sg. þäs
+þe he Abel slôg (_because he slew A._), 108; so, slôg, 421, 2180; slôh,
+1582, 2356; pl. slôgon, 2051; pret. part. þâ wäs Fin slägen, 1153.
+
+ge-sleán, w. acc.: 1) _to fight a battle_: pret. sg. ge-slôh þîn fäder
+fæhðe mæste, 459.--2) _to gain by fighting_: syððan hie þâ mærða ge-slôgon,
+2997.
+
+of-sleán, _to ofslay, kill_, w. acc.: pret. sg. of-slôh, 574, 1666, 3061.
+
+slîðe (G. sleiþ-s), adj., _savage, fierce, dangerous_: acc. sg. þurh slîðne
+nîð, 184; gen. pl. slîðra ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+slîðen, adj., _furious, savage, deadly_ nom. sg. sweord-bealo slîðen, 1148.
+
+slîtan, st. v., _to slit, tear to pieces_, w. acc.: pret. sg. slât
+(slæpendne rinc), 742.
+
+slyht, st. m., _blow_: in comp. and-slyht.
+
+ge-slyht, st. n. (collective), _battle, conflict_: gen. pl. slîðra
+ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+smið, st. m., _smith, armorer_: nom. sg. wæpna smið, 1453; gen. sg. smiðes,
+406.--Comp. wundor-smið.
+
+be-smiðian, w. v., _to surround with iron-work, bands_, etc.: pret. part.
+he (the hall Heorot) þäs fäste wäs innan and ûtan îren-bendum searo-þoncum
+besmiðod (i.e. the beams out of which the hall was built were held together
+skilfully, within and without, by iron clamps), 776.
+
+snell, adj., _fresh, vigorous, lively; of martial temper_: nom. sg. se
+snella, 2972.
+
+snellîc, adj., the same: nom. sg., 691.
+
+snotor, snottor, adj., _clever, wise, intelligent_: nom. sg. snotor, 190,
+827, 909, 1385; in weak form, (se) snottra, 1314, 1476, 1787; snotra, 2157,
+3121; nom. pl. snotere, 202, 416; snottre, 1592.--Comp. fore-snotor.
+
+snotor-lîce, adv., _intelligently, wisely_: compar. snotor-lîcor, 1483.
+
+snûde, adv., _hastily, quickly, soon_, 905, 1870, 1972, 2326, 2569, 2753.
+
+be-snyðian, w. v., _to rob, deprive of_: pret. sg. þätte Ongenþió ealdre
+be-snyðede Hæðcyn, 2925.
+
+snyrian, w. v., _to hasten, hurry_: pret. pl. snyredon ät-somne (_hurried
+forward together_), 402.
+
+snyttru, f., _intelligence, wisdom_: acc. sg. snyttru, 1727; dat. pl. mid
+môdes snyttrum, 1707; þe we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed
+which all of us together could not accomplish before with all our wisdom_),
+943. Adv., _wisely_, 873.
+
+somne. See samne.
+
+sorgian, w. v.: 1) _to be grieved, sorrow_: imper. sg. II. ne sorga!
+1385.--2) _to care for, trouble one's self about_: inf. nô þu ymb mînes ne
+þearft lîces feorme leng sorgian (_thou needst not care longer about my
+life's [body's] sustenance_), 451.
+
+sorh, st. f., _grief, pain, sorrow_: nom. sg., 1323; sorh is me tô secganne
+(_pains me to say_), 473; acc. sg. sorge, 119, 2464; dat. instr. sg. mid
+þære sorge, 2469; sorge (_in sorrow, grieved_), 1150; gen. sg. worna fela
+... sorge, 2005; dat. pl. sorgum, 2601; gen. pl. sorga, 149.--Comp.: hyge-,
+inwit-, þegn-sorh.
+
+sorh-cearig, adj., _curis sollicitus, heart-broken_: nom. sg., 2456.
+
+sorh-ful, adj., _sorrowful, troublesome, difficult_: nom. sg., 2120; acc.
+sg. sorh-fullne (sorh-fulne) sîð, 512, 1279, 1430.
+
+sorh-leás, adj., _free from sorrow_ or _grief_: nom. sg., 1673.
+
+sorh-leoð, st. n., _dirge, song of sorrow_: acc. sg., 2461.
+
+sorh-wylm, st. m., _wave of sorrow_ nom. pl. sorh-wylmas, 905.
+
+sôcn, st. f., _persecution, hostile pursuit_ or _attack_ (see sêcan): dat,
+(instr.) þære sôcne (by reason of Grendel's persecution), 1778.
+
+sôð, st. n., _sooth, truth_:: acc. sg. sôð, 532, 701, 1050, 1701, 2865;
+dat. sg. tô sôðe (_in truth_), 51, 591, 2326.
+
+sôð, adj., _true, genuine_: nom. sg, þät is sôð metod, 1612; acc. sg. n.
+gyd âwräc sôð and sâr-lîc, 2110.
+
+sôðe, adv., _truly, correctly, accurately_, 524; sôðe gebunden (of
+alliterative verse: _accurately put together_), 872.
+
+sôð-cyning, st. m., _true king_: nom. sg. sigora sôð-cyning (_God_), 3056.
+
+sôð-fäst, adj., _soothfast, established in truth, orthodox_ (here used of
+the Christian martyrs): gen. pl. sôð-fästra dôm (_glory, realm, of the
+saints_), 2821.
+
+sôð-lîce, adv., _in truth, truly, truthfully_, 141, 273, 2900.
+
+sôfte, adv., _gently, softly_: compar. þý sêft (_the more easily_),
+2750.--Comp. un-sôfte.
+
+sôna, adv., _soon, immediately_, 121, 722, 744, 751, 1281, 1498, 1592,
+1619, 1763, etc.
+
+on-spannan, st. v., _to un-span, unloose_: pret. sg. his helm on-speón
+(_loosed his helm_), 2724.
+
+spel, st. n., _narrative, speech_: acc. sg. spell, 2110; acc. pl. spel,
+874; gen. pl. spella, 2899, 3030.--Comp. weá-spel.
+
+spêd, st. f.: 1) _luck, success_: in comp. here-, wîg-spêd.--2) _skill,
+facility_: acc. sg. on spêd (_skilfully_), 874.
+
+spîwan, st. v., _to spit, spew_, w. instr.: inf. glêdum spîwan (_spit
+fire_), 2313
+
+spor, st. n., _spur_: in comp. hand-spor.
+
+spôwan, st. v., _to speed well, help, avail_: pret. sg. him wiht ne speów
+(_availed him naught_), 2855; hû him ät æte speów (_how he sped in the
+eating_), 3027.
+
+spræc, st. f., _speech, language_: instr. sg. frêcnan spræce (_through
+bold, challenging, discourse_), 1105.--Comp.: æfen-, gylp-spræc.
+
+sprecan, st. v., _to speak_: inf. ic sceal forð sprecan gen ymbe Grendel
+_(I shall go on speaking about G._), 2070; w. acc. se þe wyle sôð sprecan
+(_he who will speak the truth_), 2865; imper. tô Geátum sprec (spræc, MS.),
+1172; pret. sg. III. spräc, 1169, 1699, 2511, 2725; word äfter spräc, 341;
+nô ymbe þâ fæhðe spräc, 2619; II. hwät þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spræce
+(_how much thou hast spoken of Breca!_), 531; pl. hwät wit geó spræcon
+(_what we two spoke of before_), 1477; gomele ymb gôdne on-geador spræcon,
+þät big ... _(the graybeards spoke together about the valiant one, that
+they ..._), 1596; swâ wit furðum spræcon (_as we two spoke, engaged,
+before_), 1708; pret. part. þâ wäs ... þryð-word sprecen, 644.
+
+ge-sprecan, w. acc., _to speak_: pret. sg. ge-spräc, 676, 1399, 1467, 3095.
+
+spreót, st. m., _pole; spear, pike_: in comp. eofor-spreót.
+
+springan, st. v., _to jump, leap; flash_: pret. sg. hrâ wîde sprong _(the
+body bounded far_), 1589; swât ædrum sprong forð under fexe (_the blood
+burst out in streams from under his hair_), 2967; pl. wîde sprungon
+hilde-leóman (_flashed afar_), 2583. Also figuratively: blæd wîde sprang
+(_his repute spread afar_), 18.
+
+ge-springan, _to spring forth_: pret. sg. swâ þät blôd ge-sprang (_as the
+blood burst forth_), 1668. Figuratively, _to arise, originate_: pret. sg.
+Sigemunde gesprong äfter deáð-däge dôm un-lytel, 885.
+
+on-springan, _to burst in two, spring asunder_: pret. pl. seonowe
+onsprungon, burston bânlocan 818.
+
+standan, st. v.: 1) absolutely or with prep., _to stand_: pres. III. pl.
+eóred-geatwe þe ge þær on standað (_the warlike accoutrements wherein ye
+there stand_), 2867; inf. ge-seah ... orcas stondan (_saw vessels
+standing_), 2761; pret. sg. ät hýðe stôd hringed-stefna (_in the harbor
+stood the curved-prowed?, metal-covered?, ship_), 32; stôd on stapole
+(_stood near the [middle] column_), 927; so, 1914, 2546; þät him on aldre
+stôd here-stræl hearda (_that the sharp war-arrow stood in his vitals_),
+1435; so, 2680; pl. gâras stôdon ... samod ät-gädere (_the spears stood
+together_), 328; him big stôdan bunan and orcas (_by him stood cans and
+pots_), 3048. Also of still water: pres. sg. III. nis þät feor heonon ...
+þät se mere standeð, 1363.--2) with predicate adj., _to stand, continue in
+a certain state_: subj. pres. þät þes sele stande ... rinca ge-hwylcum îdel
+and unnyt (_that this hall stands empty and useless for every warrior_),
+411; inf. hord-wynne fand eald uht-sceaða opene standan, 2272; pret. sg. ôð
+þät îdel stôd hûsa sêlest, 145; so, 936; wäter under stôd dreórig and
+ge-drêfed, 1418--3) _to belong_ or _attach to; issue_: pret. sg. Norð-Denum
+stôd atelîc egesa (_great terror clung to, overcame, the North Danes_),
+784; þâra ânum stôd sadol searwum fâh (_on one of the steeds lay an
+ingeniously-inlaid saddle_), 1038; byrne-leóma eldum on andan (_burning
+light stood forth, a horror to men_), 2314; leóht inne stôd (_a light stood
+in it_, i.e. the sword), 1571; him of eágum stôd ... leóht unfäger (_an
+uncanny light issued from his eyes_), 727; so, þät [fram] þam gyste
+[gryre-] brôga stôd, 2229.
+
+â-standan, _to stand up, arise_: pret. sg. â-stôd, 760, 1557, 2093.
+
+ät-standan, _to stand at, near_, or _in_: pret. sg. þät hit (i.e. þät
+swurd) on wealle ät-stôd, 892.
+
+for-standan, _to stand against_ or _before_, hence: 1) _to hinder,
+prevent_: pret. sg. (breóst-net) wið ord and wið ecge in-gang for-stôd
+(_the shirt of mail prevented point or edge from entering_), 1550; subj.
+nefne him witig god wyrd for-stôde (_if the wise God had not warded off
+such a fate from them_, i.e. the men threatened by Grendel), 1057.--2)
+_defend_, w. dat. of person against whom: inf. þät he ... mihte
+heáðo-lîðendum hord for-standan, bearn and brýde (_that he might protect
+his treasure, his children, and his spouse from the sea-farers_), 2956.
+
+ge-standan, intrans., _to stand_: pret. sg. ge-stôd, 358, 404, 2567; pl.
+nealles him on heápe hand-gesteallan ... ymbe gestôdon (_not at all did his
+boon-companions stand serried around him_), 2597.
+
+stapa, w. m., _stepper, strider_: in comp. hæð-, mearc-stapa.
+
+stapan, st. v., _to step, stride, go forward_: pret. sg. eorl furður stôp,
+762; gum-fêða stop lind-häbbendra (_the troop of shield-warriors strode
+on_), 1402.
+
+ät-stapan, _to stride up_ or _to_: pret. sg. forð neár ät-stôp (_strode up
+nearer_), 746.
+
+ge-stapan, _to walk, stride_: pret. sg. he to forð gestôp dyrnan cräfte,
+dracan heáfde neáh (_he_, i.e. the man that robbed the dragon of the
+vessel, _had through hidden craft come too near the dragon's head_), 2290.
+
+stapol, st. m., (=[Greek: básis]), _trunk of a tree_; hence, _support,
+pillar, column_: dat. sg. stôd on stapole (_stood by_ or _near the wooden
+middle column of Heorot_), 927; instr. pl. þâ stân-bogan stapulum fäste
+(_the arches of stone upheld by pillars_), 2719. See Note.
+
+starian, w. v., _to stare, look intently at_: pres. sg. I. þät ic on þone
+hafelan ... eágum starige (_that I see the head with my eyes_), 1782; þâra
+frätwa ... þe ic her on starie (_for the treasures ... that I here look
+upon_), 2797; III. þonne he on þät sine starað, 1486; sg. for pl. þâra þe
+on swylc starað, 997; pret. sg. þät (sin-freá) hire an däges eágum starede,
+1936; pl. on mere staredon, 1604.
+
+stân, st. m., 1) _stone_: in comp. eorclan-stân.--2) _rock_: acc. sg. under
+(ofer) hârne stân, 888, 1416, 2554, 2745; dat. sg. stâne, 2289, 2558.
+
+stân-beorh, st. m., _rocky elevation, stony mountain_: acc. sg. stân-beorh
+steápne, 2214.
+
+stân-boga, w. m., _stone arch, arch hewn out of the rock_: dat. sg.
+stân-bogan, 2546; nom. pl. stân-bogan, 2719.
+
+stân-clif, st. n., _rocky cliff_: acc. pl. stân-cleofu, 2541.
+
+stân-fâh, adj., _stone-laid, paved with stones of different colors_: nom.
+sg. stræt wäs stân-fâh (_the street was of different colored stones_), 320.
+
+stân-hlið, st. n., _rocky slope_: acc. pl. stân-hliðo, 1410.
+
+stäf, st. m.: 1) _staff_: in comp. rûn-staf.--2) _elementum_: in comp. âr-,
+ende-, fâcen-stäf.
+
+stäl, st. m., _place, stead_: dat. sg. þät þu me â wære forð-gewitenum on
+fäder stäle (_that thou, if I died, wouldst represent a father's place to
+me_), 1480.
+
+stælan, w. v., _to place; allure_ or _instigate_: inf. þâ ic on morgne
+ge-frägn mæg ôðerne billes ecgum on bonan stælan _(then I learned that on
+the morrow one brother instigated the other to murder with the sword's
+edge_; or, _one avenged the other on the murderer_?, cf. 2962 seqq.), 2486.
+
+ge-stælan, _to place, impose, institute_: pret. part. ge feor hafað fæhðe
+ge-stæled (_Grendel's mother has further begun hostilities against us_),
+1341.
+
+stede, st. m., _place, -stead_: in comp. bæl-, burh-, folc-, heáh-, meðel-,
+wang-, wîc-stede.
+
+stefn, st. f., _voice_: nom. sg., 2553; instr. sg. niwan (niówan) stefne
+(properly novâ voce) = denuo, _anew, again_, 2595, 1790.
+
+stefn, st. m., _prow of a ship_: acc. sg., 213; see bunden-, hringed-,
+wunden-stefna.
+
+on-stellan, w. v., _constituere, to cause, bring about_: pret. sg. se þäs
+or-leges ôr on-stealde, 2408.
+
+steng, st. m., _pole, pike_: in comp wäl-steng.
+
+ge-steppan, w. v., _to stride, go_: pret. sg. folce ge-stepte ofer sæ sîde
+sunu Ôhtheres (_O.'s son_, i.e. Eádgils, _went with warriors over the broad
+sea_), 2394.
+
+stede (O.H.G. stâti, M.H.G. stæte), adj., _firm, steady_: nom. sg. wäs
+stêde nägla ge-hwylc stýle ge-lîcost (_each nail-place was firm as steel_),
+986.
+
+stêpan, w. v. w. acc., _to exalt, honor_: pret. sg. þeáh þe hine mihtig god
+... eafeðum stêpte, 1718.
+
+ge-steald, st. n., _possessions, property_: in comp. in-gesteald, 1156.
+
+ge-stealla, w. m., (contubernalis), _companion, comrade_: in comp. eaxl-,
+fyrd-, hand-, lind-, nýd-ge-stealla.
+
+stearc-heort, adj., (fortis animo), _stout-hearted, courageous_: nom. sg.
+(of the dragon), 2289; (of Beówulf), 2553.
+
+steáp, adj., _steep, projecting, towering_: acc. sg. steápne hrôf, 927;
+stân-beorh steápne, 2214; wið steápne rond, 2567; acc. pl. m. beorgas
+steápe, 222; neut. steáp stân-hliðo, 1410.--Comp. heaðo-steáp.
+
+stille, adj., _still, quiet_: nom. sg. wîd-floga wundum stille, 2831.
+
+stille, adv., _quietly_, 301.
+
+stincan, st. v., _to smell; snuff_: pret. sg. stonc þâ äfter stâne
+(_snuffed along the stone_), 2289.
+
+stîð, adj., _hard, stiff_: nom. sg. wunden-mæl (swurd) ... stîð and
+stýlecg, 1534.
+
+stîð-môd, adj., _stout-hearted, unflinching_: nom. sg., 2567.
+
+stîg, st. m., _way, path_: nom. sg., 320, 2214; acc. pl. stîge nearwe,
+1410--Comp. medu-stîg.
+
+stîgan, st. v., _to go, ascend_: pret. sg. þâ he tô holme [st]âg (_when he
+plunged forward into the sea_), 2363; pl. beornas ... on stefn stigon, 212;
+Wedera leóde on wang stigon, 225; subj. pret. ær he on bed stige, 677.
+
+â-stîgan, _to ascend_: pres. sg. þonon ýð-geblond up â-stîgeð won tô
+wolcnum, 1374; gûð-rinc â-stâh (_the fierce hero ascended_, i.e. was laid
+on the pyre? or, _the fierce smoke_ [rêc] _ascended?_), 1119; gamen eft
+â-stâh (_joy again went up, resounded_), 1161; wudu-rêc â-stâh sweart of
+swioðole, 3145; swêg up â-stâg, 783.
+
+ge-stîgan, _to ascend, go up_: pret. sg. þâ ic on holm ge-stâh, 633.
+
+storm, st. m., _storm_: nom. sg. stræla storm (_storm of missiles_), 3118;
+instr. sg. holm storme weól (_the sea billowed stormily_), 1132.
+
+stôl, st. m., _chair, throne, seat_: in comp. brego-, êðel-, gif-,
+gum-stôl.
+
+stôw, st. f., _place, -stow_: nom. sg. nis þät heóru stôw (_a haunted
+spot_), 1373; acc. sg. frêcne stôwe, 1379; grund-bûendra gearwe stôwe _(the
+place prepared for men_, i.e. death-bed; see gesacan and ge-nýdan), 1007:
+comp. wäl-stow.
+
+strang, strong, adj., _strong; valiant; mighty_: nom. sg. wäs þät ge-win tô
+strang (_that sorrow was too great_), 133; þu eart mägenes strang (_strong
+of body_), 1845; wäs sió hond tô strong (_the hand was too powerful_),
+2685; superl. wîgena strengest (_strongest of warriors_), 1544; mägenes
+strengest (_strongest in might_), 196; mägene strengest, 790.
+
+strâdan? (cf. stræde = passus, gressus), _to tread_, (be)-_stride, stride
+over_ (Grein): subj. pres. se þone wong strâde, 3074. See Note.
+
+stræl, st. m., _arrow, missile_: instr. sg. biteran stræle, 1747; gen. pl.
+stræla storm, 3118.
+
+stræt, st. f., _street, highway_: nom. sg., 320; acc. sg. stræte, 1635;
+fealwe stræte, 917.--Comp.: lagu-, mere-stræt.
+
+strengel, st. m., (_endowed with strength_), _ruler, chief_: acc. sg.
+wîgena strengel, 3116.
+
+strengo, st. f., _strength, power, violence_: acc. sg. mägenes strenge,
+1271; dat. sg. strenge, 1534; strengo, 2541;--dat. pl. strengum =
+_violently, powerfully_ [_loosed from the strings_?], 3118: in comp.
+hilde-, mägen-, mere-strengo.
+
+strêgan (O.S. strôwian), w. v., _to strew, spread_: pret. part, wäs þäm
+yldestan ... morðorbed strêd (_the death-bed was spread for the eldest
+one_), 2437.
+
+streám, st. m., _stream, flood, sea_: acc. sg. streám, 2546; nom. pl.
+streámas, 212; acc. pl. streámas, 1262: comp. brim-, eágor-, firgen-,
+lagu-streám.
+
+ge-streón (cf. streón = robur, vis), st. n., _property, possessions_;
+hence, _valuables, treasure, jewels_: nom. pl. Heaðo-beardna ge-streón
+(_the costly treasure of the Heathobeardas_, i.e. the accoutrements
+belonging to the slain H.), 2038; acc. pl. äðelinga, eorla ge-streón, 1921,
+3168.--Comp.: ær-, eald-, eorl-, heáh-, hord-, long-, mâðm-, sinc-,
+þeód-ge-streón.
+
+strûdan, st. v., _to plunder, carry off_: subj. pres. näs þâ on hlytme hwâ
+þät hord strude, 3127.
+
+ge-strýnan, w. v. w. acc., _to acquire, gain_: inf. þäs þe (_because_) ic
+môste mînum leódum ... swylc ge-strýnan, 2799.
+
+stund, st. f., _time, space of time, while_: adv. dat. pl. stundum (_at
+times_), 1424.
+
+styrian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to arrange, put in order, tell_: inf. secg eft
+on-gan sîð Beówulfes snyttrum styrian (_the poet then began to tell B.'s
+feat skilfully_, i.e. put in poetic form), 873.--2) _to rouse, stir up_:
+pres. sg. III. þonne wind styreð lâð ge-widru (_when the wind stirreth up
+the loathly weather_), 1375.--3) _to move against, attack, disturb_: subj.
+pres. þät he ... hring-sele hondum styrede (_that he should attack the
+ring-hall with his hands_), 2841.
+
+styrman, w. v., _to rage, cry out_: pret. sg. styrmde, 2553.
+
+stýle, st. n., _steel_: dat. sg. stýle, 986.
+
+stýl-ecg, adj., _steel-edged_: nom. sg., 1534.
+
+be-stýman, w. v., _to inundate, wet, flood_: pret. part. (wæron) eal
+benc-þelu blôde be-stýmed, 486.
+
+suhtor-ge-fäderan (collective), w. m. pl., _uncle and nephew, father's
+brother and brother's son_: nom. pl., 1165.
+
+sum, pron.: 1) indef., _one, a, any, a certain_; neut. _something_: a)
+without part. gen.: nom. sg. sum, 1252; hilde-rinc sum, 3125; neut. ne
+sceal þær dyrne sum wesan (_naught there shall be hidden_), 271; acc. sg.
+m. sumne, 1433; instr. sg. sume worde (_by a word, expressly_), 2157; nom.
+pl. sume, 400, 1114; acc. pl. sume, 2941. b) with part. gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena sum (_one of men, a man_), 1500, 2302; mere-hrägla sum, 1906; þät
+wäs wundra sum, 1608; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, 676. c) with gen. of
+cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fîftena sum (_one of fifteen,
+with fourteen companions_), 207; so, eahta sum, 3124; feára sum (_one of
+few, with a few_), 1413; acc. sg. manigra sumne (_one of many, with many_),
+2092; manna cynnes sumne (_one of the men_), i.e. one of the watchmen in
+Heorot), 714; feára sumne (_some few, one of few_; or, _one of the foes_?),
+3062.--2) with part. gen. sum sometimes = _this, that, the
+afore-mentioned_: nom. sg. eówer sum (_a certain one, that one, of you_,
+i.e. Beówulf), 248; gûð-beorna sum (_the afore-mentioned warrior_, i.e. who
+had shown the way to Hrôðgâr's palace), 314; eorla sum (_the said knight_,
+i.e. Beówulf), 1313; acc. sg. hord-ärna sum (_a certain hoard-hall_), 2280.
+
+sund, st. m.: 1) _swimming_: acc. sg. ymb sund, 507; dat. sg. ät sunde (_in
+swimming_), 517; on sunde (_a-swimming_), 1619; gen. sg. sundes, 1437.--2)
+_sea, ocean, sound_: nom. sg., 223; acc. sg. sund, 213, 512, 539, 1427,
+1445.
+
+ge-sund, adj., _sound, healthy, unimpaired_: acc. sg. m. ge-sundne, 1629,
+1999; nom. pl. ge-sunde, 2076; acc. pl. w. gen. fäder alwalda ... eówic
+ge-healde sîða ge-sunde (_the almighty Father keep you safe and sound on
+your journey!_), 318.--Comp. an-sund.
+
+sund-ge-bland, st. n., (_the commingled sea_), _sea-surge, sea-wave_: acc.
+sg., 1451.
+
+sund-nyt, st. f., _swimming-power_ or _employment, swimming_: acc. sg.
+sund-nytte dreáh (_swam through the sea_), 2361.
+
+sundur, sundor, adv., _asunder, in twain_: sundur gedælan (_to separate,
+sunder_), 2423.
+
+sundor-nyt, st. f., _special service_ (service in a special case): acc. sg.
+sundor-nytte, 668.
+
+sund-wudu, st. m., (_sea-wood_), _ship_: nom. acc. sg. sund-wudu, 208,
+1907.
+
+sunne, w. f., _sun_: nom. sg., 607; gen. sg. sunnan, 94, 649.
+
+sunu, st. m., _son_: nom. sg., 524, 591, 646, 981, 1090, 1486, etc.; acc.
+sg. sunu, 268, 948, 1116, 1176, 1809, 2014, 2120; dat. sg. suna, 344, 1227,
+2026, 2161, 2730; gen. sg. suna, 2456, 2613, (1279); nom. pl. suna, 2381.
+
+sûð, adv., _south, southward_, 859.
+
+sûðan, adv., _from the south_, 607; sigel sûðan fûs (_the sun inclined from
+the south_), 1967.
+
+swaðrian, w. v., _to sink to rest, grow calm_: brimu swaðredon (_the waves
+became calm_), 570. See sweðrian.
+
+swaðu, st. f., _trace, track, pathway_: acc. sg. swaðe, 2099.--Comp.:
+swât-, wald-swaðu.
+
+swaðul, st. m.? n.?, _smoke, mist_ (Dietrich in Haupt V. 215): dat. sg. on
+swaðule, 783. See sweoðol.
+
+swancor, adj., _slender, trim_: acc. pl. þrió wicg swancor, 2176.
+
+swan-râd, st. f., _swan-road, sea_: acc. sg. ofer swan-râde, 200.
+
+and-swarian, w. v., _to answer_: pret. sg. him se yldesta and-swarode, 258;
+so, 340.
+
+swâ: 1) demons, adv., _so, in such a manner, thus_: swâ sceal man dôn,
+1173, 1535; swâ þâ driht-guman dreámum lifdon, 99; þät ge-äfndon swâ (_that
+we thus accomplished_), 538; þær hie meahton (i.e. feorh ealgian), 798; so,
+20, 144, 189, 559, 763, 1104, 1472, 1770, 2058, 2145, 2178, 2991; swâ
+manlîce _(so like a man_), 1047; swâ fela (_so many_), 164, 592; swâ
+deórlîce dæd (_so valiant a deed_), 585; hine swâ gôdne (_him so good_),
+347; on swâ geongum feore (_in so youthful age_), 1844; ge-dêð him swâ
+ge-wealdene worolde dælas þät ... (_makes parts of the world so subject to
+him that_...), 1733. In comparisons = _ever, the_ (adv.): me þîn môd-sefa
+lîcað leng swâ wel (_thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the
+better_), 1855. As an asseverative = _so_: swâ me Higelâc sîe ... môdes
+blîðe (_so be Higelac gracious-minded to me!_), 435; swâ þeáh
+(_nevertheless, however_), 973, 1930, 2879; swâ þêh, 2968; hwäðre swâ þeáh
+(_yet however_), 2443.--2): a) conj., _as, so as_: ôð þät his byre mihte
+eorlscipe efnan swâ his ærfäder (_until his son might do noble deeds, as
+his old father did_), 2623; eft swâ ær (_again as before_), 643;--with
+indic.: swâ he selfa bäd (_as he himself requested_), 29; swâ he oft dyde
+(_as he often did_), 444; gæð â Wyrd swâ hió sceal, 455; swâ guman
+gefrungon, 667; so, 273, 352, 401, 561, 1049, 1056, 1059, 1135, 1232, 1235,
+1239, 1253, 1382, etc.;--with subj.: swâ þîn sefa hwette _(as pleases thy
+mind_, i.e. any way thou pleasest), 490. b) _as, as then, how_, 1143; swâ
+hie â wæron ... nýd-gesteallan (_as they were ever comrades in need_), 882;
+swâ hit diópe ... be-nemdon þeódnas mære (_as, [how?] the mighty princes
+had deeply cursed it_), 3070; swâ he manna wäs wîgend weorðfullost (_as he
+of men the worthiest warrior was_), 3099. c) _just as, the moment when_:
+swâ þät blôd gesprang, 1668. d) _so that_: swâ he ne mihte nô (_so that he
+might not..._), 1509; so, 2185, 2007.--3) = qui, quae, quod, German so:
+worhte wlite-beorhtne wang swâ wäter bebûgeð (_wrought the beauteous plain
+which_ (acc.) _water surrounds_), 93.--4) swâ ... swâ = _so ... as_, 595,
+687-8, 3170; efne swâ ... swâ (_even so ... as_), 1093-4, 1224, 1284; efne
+swâ hwylc mägða swâ (_such a woman as, whatsoever woman_), 944; efne swâ
+hwylcum manna swâ (_even so to each man as_), 3058.
+
+for-swâfan, st. v., _to carry away, sweep off_: pret. sg. ealle Wyrd
+for-sweóf mîne mâgas tô metod-sceafte, 2815.
+
+for-swâpan, st. v., _to sweep off, force_: pret. sg. hie Wyrd forsweóp on
+Grendles gryre, 477.
+
+swât, st. m., (_sweat_), _wound-blood_: nom. sg., 2694, 2967; instr. sg.
+swâte, 1287.--Comp. heaðo-, hilde-swât.
+
+swât-fâh, adj., _blood-stained_: nom. sg., 1112.
+
+swâtig, adj., _gory_: nom. sg., 1570.
+
+swât-swaðu, st. f., _blood-trace_: nom. sg., 2947.
+
+be-swælan, w. v., _to scorch_: pret. part. wäs se lêg-draca ... glêdum
+beswæled, 3042.
+
+swæs, adj., _intimate, special, dear_: acc. sg. swæsne êðel, 520; nom. pl.
+swæse ge-sîðas, 29; acc. pl. leóde swæse, 1869; swæse ge-sîðas, 2041; gen.
+pl. swæsra ge-sîða, 1935.
+
+swæs-lîce, adv., _pleasantly, in a friendly manner_, 3090.
+
+swebban, w. v., (_to put to sleep_), _to kill_: inf. ic hine sweorde
+swebban nelle, 680; pres. sg. III. (absolutely) swefeð, 601.
+
+â-swebban, _to kill, slay_: pret. part. nom. pl. sweordum â-swefede, 567.
+
+sweðrian, w. v., _to lessen, diminish_: inf. þät þät fyr ongan sweðrian,
+2703; pret. siððan Heremôdes hild sweðrode, 902.
+
+swefan, st. v.: 1) _to sleep_: pres. sg. III. swefeð, 1742; inf. swefan,
+119, 730, 1673; pret. sg. swäf, 1801; pl. swæfon, 704; swæfun, 1281.--2)
+_to sleep the death-sleep, die_: pres. sg. III. swefeð, 1009, 2061, 2747;
+pl. swefað, 2257, 2458.
+
+swegel, st. n., _ether, clear sky_: dat. sg. under swegle, 1079, 1198; gen.
+sg. under swegles begong, 861, 1774.
+
+swegle, adj., _bright, etherlike, clear_: acc. pl. swegle searo-gimmas,
+2750.
+
+swegel-wered, _quasi_ pret. part., _ether-clad_: nom. sg. sunne
+swegl-wered, 607.
+
+swelgan, st. v., _to swallow_: pret. sg. w. instr. syn-snædum swealh
+(_swallowed in great bites_), 744; object omitted, subj. pres. nymðe lîges
+fäðm swulge on swaðule, 783.
+
+for-swelgan, w. acc., _to swallow, consume_: pret. sg. for-swealg, 1123,
+2081.
+
+swellan, st. v., _to swell_: inf. þâ sió wund on-gan ... swêlan and
+swellan, 2714.
+
+sweltan, st. v., _to die, perish_: pret. sg. swealt, 1618, 2475; draca
+morðre swealt (_died a violent death_), 893, 2783; wundor-deáðe swealt,
+3038; hioro-dryncum swealt, 2359.
+
+swencan, w. v., _to swink, oppress, strike_: pret. sg. hine wundra þäs fela
+swencte (MS. swecte) on sunde, 1511.
+
+ge-swencan, _to oppress, strike, injure_: pret. sg. syððan hine Hæðcyn ...
+flâne geswencte, 2439; pret. part. synnum ge-swenced, 976; hæðstapa hundum
+ge-swenced, 1369.--Comp. lyft-ge-swenced.
+
+sweng, st. m., _blow, stroke_: dat. sg. swenge, 1521, 2967; swenge _(with
+its stroke_), 2687; instr. pl. sweordes swengum, 2387.--Comp.: feorh-,
+hete-, heaðo-, heoro-sweng.
+
+swerian, st. v., _to swear_: pret. w. acc. I. ne me swôr fela âða on unriht
+(_swore no false oaths_), 2739; he me âðas swôr, 472.
+
+for-swerian, w. instr., _to forswear, renounce (protect with magic
+formulæ?)_: pret. part. he sige-wæpnum for-sworen häfde, 805.
+
+swêg, st. m., _sound, noise, uproar_: nom. sg. swêg, 783; hearpan swêg, 89,
+2459, 3024; sige-folca swêg, 645; sang and swêg, 1064; dat. sg. swêge,
+1215.--Comp.: benc-, morgen-swêg.
+
+swêlan, w. v., _to burn_ (here of wounds): inf. swêlan, 2714. See swælan.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black, dark_: nom. sg. wudu-rêc sweart, 3146; dat.
+pl. sweartum nihtum, 167.
+
+sweoðol (cf. O.H.G. suedan, suethan = cremare; M.H.G. swadem = vapor; and
+Dietrich in Haupt V., 215), st. m.? n.?, _vapor, smoke, smoking flame_:
+dat. sg. ofer swioðole (MS. swic ðole), 3146. See swaðul.
+
+sweofot, st. m., _sleep_: dat. sg. on sweofote, 1582, 2296.
+
+sweoloð, st. m., _heat, fire, flame_: dat. sg. sweoloðe, 1116. Cf. O.H.G.
+suilizo, suilizunga = ardor, cauma.
+
+sweorcan, st. v., _to trouble, darken_. pres. sg. III. ne him inwit-sorh on
+sefan sweorceð (_darkens his soul_), 1738.
+
+for-sweorcan, _to grow dark_ or _dim_: pres. sg. III. eágena bearhtm
+for-siteð and for-sworceð, 1768.
+
+ge-sweorcan (intrans.), _to darken_: pret. sg. niht-helm ge-swearc, 1790.
+
+sweord, swurd, swyrd, st. n., _sword_: nom. sg. sweord, 1287, 1290, 1570,
+1606, 1616, 1697; swurd, 891; acc. sg. sweord, 437, 673, 1559, 1664, 1809,
+2253, 2500, etc.; swurd, 539, 1902; swyrd, 2611, 2988; instr. sg. sweorde,
+561, 574, 680, 2493, 2881; gen. sg. sweordes, 1107, 2194, 2387; acc. pl.
+sweord, 2639; nom. pl., 3049; instr. pl. sweordum, 567, 586, 885; gen. pl.
+sweorda, 1041, 2937, 2962.--Comp.: gûð-, mâððum-, wæg-sweord.
+
+sweord, st. f., _oath_: in comp. âð-sweord _(sword-oath_?), 2065.
+
+sweord-bealo, st. n., _sword-bale, death by the sword_: nom. sg., 1148.
+
+sweord-freca, w. m., _sword-warrior_: dat. sg. sweord-frecan, 1469.
+
+sweord-gifu, st. f., _sword-gift, giving of swords_: nom. sg. swyrd-gifu,
+2885.
+
+sweotol, swutol, adj.: 1) _clear, bright_: nom. sg. swutol sang scôpes,
+90.--2) _plain, manifest_: nom. sg. syndolh sweotol, 818; tâcen sweotol,
+834; instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, 141.
+
+sweóf, sweóp. See swâfan, swâpan.
+
+swið, st. n.? (O.N. swiði), _burning pain_: in comp. þryð-swið(?).
+
+swift, adj., _swift_: nom. sg. se swifta mearh, 2265.
+
+swimman, swymman, st. v., _to swim_: inf. swymman, 1625.
+
+ofer-swimman, w. acc., _to swim over_ or _through_: pret. sg. ofer-swam
+sioleða bigong (_swam over the sea_), 2368.
+
+swincan, st. v., _to struggle, labor, contend_: pret. pl. git on wäteres
+æht seofon niht swuncon, 517.
+
+ge-swing, st. n., _surge, eddy_: nom. sg. atol ýða geswing, 849.
+
+swingan, st. v., _to swing one's self, fly_: pres. sg. III. ne gôd hafoc
+geond säl swingeð, 2265.
+
+swîcan, st. v.: 1) _to deceive, leave in the lurch, abandon_: pret. sg.
+næfre hit (_the sword_) ät hilde ne swâc manna ængum, 1461.--2) _to
+escape_: subj. pret. bûtan his lîc swice, 967.
+
+ge-swîcan, _to deceive, leave in the lurch_: pret. sg. gûð-bill ge-swâc
+nacod ät nîðe, 2585, 2682; w. dat. seó ecg ge-swâc þeódne ät þearfe (_the
+sword failed the prince in need_), 1525.
+
+swîð, swýð (Goth, swinþ-s), adj., _strong, mighty_: nom. sg. wäs þät ge-win
+tô swýð, 191.--Comp. nom. sg. sió swîðre hand (_the right hand_), 2099;
+_harsh_, 3086.
+
+swîðe, adv., _strongly, very, much_, 598, 998, 1093, 1744, 1927; swýðe,
+2171, 2188. Compar. swîðor, _more, rather, more strongly_, 961, 1140, 1875,
+2199--Comp. un-swîðe.
+
+ofer-swîðian, w. v., _to overcome, vanquish_, w. acc. of person: pres. sg.
+III. oferswýðeð, 279, 1769.
+
+swîð-ferhð, adj., (_fortis animo_), _strong-minded, bold, brave_: nom. sg.
+swýð-ferhð, 827; gen. sg. swîð-ferhðes, 909; nom. pl. swîð-ferhðe, 493;
+dat. pl. swîð-ferhðum, 173.
+
+swîð-hycgend, pres. part. (_strenue cogitans_), _bold-minded, brave in
+spirit_: nom. sg. swîð-hycgende, 920; nom. pl. swîð-hycgende, 1017.
+
+swîð-môd, adj., _strong-minded_: nom. sg., 1625.
+
+on-swîfan, st. v. w. acc., _to swing, turn, at_ or _against, elevate_:
+pret. sg. biorn (Beówulf) bord-rand on-swâf wið þam gryre-gieste, 2560.
+
+swîgian, w. v., _to be silent, keep silent_: pret. sg. lyt swîgode niwra
+spella (_kept little of the new tidings silent_), 2898; pl. swîgedon ealle,
+1700.
+
+swîgor, adj., _silent, taciturn_: nom, sg. weak, þâ wäs swîgra secg ... on
+gylp-spræce gûð-ge-weorca, 981.
+
+swîn, swýn, st. n., _swine, boar_ (image on the helm): nom. sg. swýn, 1112;
+acc. sg. swîn, 1287.
+
+swîn-lîc, st. n., _swine-image_ or _body_: instr. pl. swîn-lîcum, 1454.
+
+swôgan, st. v., _to whistle, roar_: pres. part. swôgende lêg, 3146.
+
+swutol. See sweotol.
+
+swylc, swilc (Goth, swa-leik-s), demons, adj. = _talis, such, such a_;
+relative = _qualis, as, which_: nom. sg. swylc, 178, 1941, 2542, 2709;
+swylc ... swylc=talis ... qualis, 1329; acc. sg. swylc, 2799; eall ...
+swylc (_all ... which, as_), 72; ôðer swylc (_such another_, i.e. hand),
+1584; on swylc (_on such things_), 997; dat. sg. gûð-fremmendra swylcum
+(_to such a battle-worker_, i.e. Beówulf), 299; gen. sg. swylces hwät
+(_some such_), 881; acc. pl. swylce, 2870; call swylce ... swylce, 3166;
+swylce twegen (_two such_), 1348; ealle þearfe swylce (_all needs that_),
+1798; swylce hie ... findan meahton sigla searo-gimma (_such as they might
+find of jewels and cunning gems_), 1157; efne swylce mæla swylce (_at just
+such times as_), 1250; gen. pl. swylcra searo-nîða, 582; swylcra fela ...
+ær-gestreóna, 2232.
+
+swylce, adv., _as, as also, likewise, similarly_, 113, 293, 758, 831, 855,
+908, 921, 1147, 1166, 1428, 1483, 2460, 2825; ge swylce (_and likewise_),
+2259; swilce, 1153.
+
+swylt, st. m., _death_: nom. sg., 1256, 1437.
+
+swylt-däg, st. m., _death-day_: dat. sg. ær swylt-däge, 2799.
+
+swynsian, w. v., _to sound_: pret. sg. hlyn swynsode, 612.
+
+swyrd. See sweord.
+
+swýðl. See swîð.
+
+swýn. See swîn.
+
+syððan (seðian, Gen. 1525), w. v., _to punish, avenge_, w. acc.: inf. þonne
+hit sweordes ecg syððan scolde (_then the edge of the sword should avenge
+it_), 1107.
+
+syððan. See siððan.
+
+syfan-wintre, adj., _seven-winters-old_: nom. sg., 2429.
+
+syhð. See seón.
+
+syl (O.H.G. swella), st. f., _sill, bench-support_: dat. sg. fram sylle,
+776.
+
+sylfa. See selfa.
+
+syllan. See sellan.
+
+syllîc. See sellîc.
+
+symbol, syml, st. n., _banquet, entertainment_: acc. sg. symbel, 620, 1011;
+geaf me sinc and symbel (_gave me treasure and feasting_, i.e. made me his
+friend and table-companion), 2432; þät hie ... symbel ymbsæton (_that they
+might sit round their banquet_), 564; dat. sg. symle, 81, 489, 1009;
+symble, 119, 2105; gen. pl. symbla, 1233.
+
+symble, symle, adv., _continually, ever_: symble, 2451; symle, 2498; symle
+wäs þý sæmra (_he was ever the worse, the weaker_, i.e. the dragon), 2881.
+
+symbel-wyn, st. f., _banqueting-pleasure, joy at feasting_: acc. sg.
+symbel-wynne dreóh, 1783.
+
+syn, st. f., _sin, crime_: nom. synn and sacu, 2473; dat. instr. pl.
+synnum, 976, 1256, 3072.
+
+syn. See sin.
+
+syn-bysig, adj., (culpa laborans), _persecuted on account of guilt?_
+(Rieger), _guilt-haunted?_: nom. sg. secg syn-[by]sig, 2228.
+
+ge-syngian, w. v., _to sin, commit a crime_: pret. part. þät wäs feohleás
+ge-feoht, fyrenum ge-syngad, 2442.
+
+synnig, adj., _sin-laden, sinful_: acc. sg. m. sinnigne secg, 1380.--Comp.:
+fela-, un-synnig.
+
+ge-synto, f., _health_: dat. pl. on gesyntum, 1870.
+
+syrce. See serce.
+
+syrwan, w. v. w. acc., _to entrap, catch unawares_: pret. sg. duguðe and
+geogoðe seomade and syrede, 161.
+
+be-syrwan: 1) _to compass_ or _accomplish by finesse; effect_: inf. dæd þe
+we ealle ær ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed that all of us could not
+accomplish before with all our wisdom_), 943.--2) _to entrap by guile and
+destroy_: inf. mynte se mânscaða manna cynnes sumne be-syrwan (_the fell
+foe thought to entrap some one (all?_, see sum) _of the men_), 714.
+
+sýn, f., _seeing, sight, scene_: comp, an-sýn.
+
+ge-sýne, adj., _visible, to be seen_: nom. sg. 1256, 1404, 2948, 3059,
+3160.--Comp.: êð-ge-sýne, ýð-ge-sêne.
+
+
+T
+
+taligean, w. v.: 1) _to count, reckon, number; esteem, think_: pres. sg. I.
+nô ic me ... hnâgran gûð-geweorca þonne Grendel hine (_count myself no
+worse than G. in battle-works_), 678; wên ic talige ...þät (_I count on the
+hope ... that_), 1846; telge, 2068; sg. III. þät ræd talað þät (_counts it
+gain that_), 2028.--2) _to tell, relate_: sôð ic talige (_I tell facts_),
+532; swâ þu self talast (_as thou thyself sayst_), 595.
+
+tâcen, st. n., _token, sign, evidence_: nom. sg. tâcen sweotol, 834; dat.
+instr. sg. sweotolan tâcne, 141; tîres tô tâcne, 1655.--Comp. luf-tâcen.
+
+tân, st. m., _twig_: in comp. âter-tân. [emended to âter-teárum in
+text--KTH]
+
+ge-tæcan, w. v., _to show, point out_: pret. sg. him þâ hilde-deór hof
+môdigra torht ge-tæhte (_the warrior pointed out to them the bright
+dwelling of the bold ones_, i.e. Danes), 313. Hence, _to indicate, assign_:
+pret. sôna me se mæra mago Healfdenes ... wið his sylfes sunu setl getæhte
+(_assigned me a seat by his own son_), 2014.
+
+tæle, adj., _blameworthy_: in comp. un-tæle.
+
+ge-tæse, adj., _quiet, still_: nom. sg. gif him wære ... niht ge-tæse
+(_whether he had a pleasant, quiet, night_), 1321.
+
+tela, adv., _fittingly, well_, 949, 1219, 1226, 1821, 2209, 2738.
+
+telge. See talian.
+
+tellan, w. v., _to tell, consider, deem_: pret. sg. ne his lîf-dagas leóda
+ænigum nytte tealde (_nor did he count his life useful to any man_), 795;
+þät ic me ænigne under swegles begong ge-sacan ne tealde (_I believed not
+that I had any foe under heaven_), 1774; cwäð he þone gûð-wine gôdne tealde
+(_said he counted the war-friend good_), 1811; he ûsic gâr-wîgend gôde
+tealde (_deemed us good spear-warriors_), 2642; pl. swâ (_so that_) hine
+Geáta beam gôdne ne tealdon, 2185.--2) _to ascribe, count against, impose_:
+pret. sg. (Þryðo) him wälbende weotode tealde hand-gewriðene, 1937.
+
+ge-tenge, adj., _attached to, lying on_: w. dat. gold ... grunde ge-tenge,
+2759.
+
+teár, st. m., _tear_: nom. pl. teáras, 1873.
+
+teoh, st. f., _troop, band_: dat. sg. earmre teohhe, 2939.
+
+(ge?)-teohhian, w. v., _to fix, determine, assign_: pret. sg. ic for lässan
+leán teohhode ... hnâhran rince, 952; pres. part. wäs ôðer in ær geteohhod
+(_assigned_)... mærum Geáte, 1301.
+
+teón, st. v., _to draw, lead_: inf. hêht ... eahta mearas ... on flet teón
+(_bade eight horses be led into the hall_), 1037; pret. sg. me tô grunde
+teáh fâh feónd-sceaða (_the many-hued fiend-foe drew me to the bottom_),
+553; eft-sîðas teáh (_withdrew, returned_), 1333; sg. for pl. æg-hwylcum
+...þâra þe mid Beówulfe brim-lâde teáh (_to each of those that crossed the
+sea with B._) 1052; pret. part. þâ wäs ... heard ecg togen (_then was the
+hard edge drawn_), 1289; wearð ... on näs togen (_was drawn to the
+promontory_), 1440.
+
+â-teón, _to wander, go_, intrans.: pret. sg. tô Heorute â-teáh (_drew to
+Heorot_), 767.
+
+ge-teón: 1) _to draw_: pret. sg. gomel swyrd ge-teáh, 2611; w. instr. and
+acc. hyre seaxe ge-teáh, brad brûn-ecg, 1546.--2) _to grant, give, lend_:
+imp. nô þu him wearne geteóh þînra gegn-cwida glädnian (_refuse not to
+gladden them with thy answer_), 366; pret. sg. and þâ Beówulfe bega
+gehwäðres eodor Ingwina onweald ge-teáh (_and the prince of the Ingwins
+gave B. power over both_), 1045; so, he him êst geteáh (_gave possession
+of_), 2166.
+
+of-teón, _to deprive, withdraw_, w. gen. of thing and dat. pers.: pret. sg.
+Scyld Scêfing ... monegum mægðum meodo-setla of-teáh, 5; w. acc. of thing,
+hond ... feorh-sweng ne of-teáh, 2490; w. dat. hond (hord, MS.) swenge ne
+of-teáh, 1521.
+
+þurh-teón, _to effect_: inf. gif he torn-gemôt þurh-teón mihte, 1141.
+
+teón (cf. teóh, _materia_, O.H.G. ziuc), w. v. w. acc., _to make, work_:
+pret. sg. teóde, 1453;--_to furnish out, deck_: pret. pl. nalas hi hine
+lässan lâcum teódan (_provided him with no less gifts_), 43.
+
+ge-teón, _to provide, do, bring on_: pres. sg. unc sceal weorðan ... swâ
+unc Wyrd ge-teóð, 2527; pret. sg. þe him ... sâre ge-teóde (_who had done
+him this harm_), 2296.
+
+ge-teóna, w. m., _injurer, harmer_: in comp. lâð-ge-teóna.
+
+til, adj., _good, apt, fit_: nom. sg. m. Hâlga til, 61; þegn ungemete till
+(of Wîglâf), 2722; fem. wäs seó þeód tilu, 1251; neut. ne wäs þät ge-wrixle
+til, 1305.
+
+tilian, w. v. w. gen., _to gain, win_: inf. gif ic ... ôwihte mäg þînre
+môd-lufan mâran tilian (_if I ... gain_), 1824.
+
+timbrian, w. v., _to build_: pret. part. acc. sg. säl timbred (_the
+well-built hall_), 307.
+
+be-timbrian, (construere), _to finish building, complete_: pret. pl.
+betimbredon on tyn dagum beadu-rôfes bêcn, 3161.
+
+tîd, st. f., _-tide, time_: acc. sg. twelf wintra tîd, 147; lange tîd,
+1916; in þâ tîde, 2228.--Comp.: ân-, morgen-tîd.
+
+ge-tîðian (from tigðian), w. v., _to grant_: pret. part. impers. wäs ...
+bêne (gen.) ge-tîðad feásceaftum men, 2285.
+
+tîr, st. m., _glory, repute in war_. gen. sg. tîres, 1655.
+
+tîr-eádig, adj., _glorious, famous_: dat. sg. tîr-eádigum menn (of
+Beówulf), 2190.
+
+tîr-fäst, adj., _famous, rich in glory_. nom. sg. (of Hrôðgâr), 923.
+
+tîr-leás, adj., _without glory, infamous_: gen. sg. (of Grendel), 844.
+
+toga, w. m., _leader_: in comp. folc-toga.
+
+torht, adj., _bright, brilliant_: acc. sg. neut. hof ... torht,
+313.--Comp.: wuldor-torht, heaðo-torht (_loud in battle_).
+
+torn, st. n.: 1) _wrath, insult, distress_: acc. sg. torn, 147, 834; gen.
+pl. torna, 2190.--2) _anger_: instr. sg. torne ge-bolgen, 2402.--Comp.
+lîge-torn.
+
+torn, adj., _bitter, cruel_: nom. sg, hreówa tornost, 2130.
+
+torn-ge-môt, st. n., (_wrathful meeting_), _angry engagement, battle_: acc.
+sg., 1141.
+
+tô, I. prep. w. dat. indicating direction or tending to, hence: 1) local =
+whither after verbs of motion, _to, up to, at_: com tô recede (_to the
+hall_), 721; eode tô sele, 920; eode tô hire freán sittan, 642; gæð eft ...
+tô medo (_goeth again to mead_), 605; wand tô wolcnum (_wound to the
+welkin_), 1120; sigon tô slæpe (_sank to sleep_), 1252; 28, 158, 234, 438,
+553, 926, 1010, 1014, 1155, 1159, 1233, etc.; lîð-wæge bär hælum tô handa
+(_bore the ale-cup to the hands of the men? at hand?_), 1984; ôð þät niht
+becom ôðer tô yldum, 2118; him tô bearme cwom mâððum-fät mære (_came to his
+hands, into his possession_), 2405; sælde tô sande sîd-fäðme scip
+(_fastened the broad-bosomed ship to the shore_), 1918; þat se harm-scaða
+tô Heorute â-teáh (_went forth to Heorot_), 767. After verb sittan: site nu
+tô symble (_sit now to the meal_), 489; siððan ... we tô symble geseten
+häfdon, 2105; tô ham (_home, at home_), 124, 374, 2993. With verbs of
+speaking: maðelode tô his wine-drihtne (_spake to his friendly lord_), 360;
+tô Geátum sprec, 1172; so, hêht þät heaðo-weorc tô hagan biódan (_bade the
+battle-work be told at the hedge_), 2893.--2) with verbs of bringing and
+taking (cf. under on, I., d): hraðe wäs tô bûre Beówulf fetod (_B. was
+hastily brought from a room_), 1311; siððan Hâma ät-wäg tô þære byrhtan
+byrig Brôsinga mene (_since H. carried the Brosing-necklace off from the
+bright city_), 1200; weán âhsode. fæhðo to Frysum (_suffered woe, feud as
+to, from, the Frisians_), 1208.--3) =end of motion, hence: a) _to, for, as,
+in_: þone god sende folce tô frôfre (_for, as, a help to the folk_), 14;
+gesette ... sunnan and mônan leóman to leóhte (_as a light_), 95; ge-sät
+... tô rune (_sat in counsel_), 172; wearð he Heaðo-lâfe tô hand-bonan,
+460; bringe ... tô helpe (_bring to, for, help_), 1831; Jofore forgeaf
+ângan dôhtor ... hyldo tô wedde (_as a pledge of his favor_), 2999; so,
+508(?), 666, 907, 972, 1022, 1187, 1263, 1331, 1708, 1712, 2080, etc.;
+secgan tô sôðe (_to say in sooth_), 51; so, 591, 2326. b) with verbs of
+thinking, hoping, etc., _on, for, at, against_: he tô gyrn-wräce swîðor
+þôhte þonne tô sæ-lâde (_thought more on vengeance than on the
+sea-voyage_), 1139; säcce ne wêneð tô Gâr-Denum (_nor weeneth of conflict
+with the Spear-Danes_), 602; þonne wêne ic tô þe wyrsan geþinges (_then I
+expect for thee a worse result_), 525; ne ic to Sweóþeóde sibbe oððe treówe
+wihte ne wêne (_nor expect at all of, from, the Swedes_ ...), 2923; wiste
+þäm ahlæcan tô þäm heáh-sele hilde ge-þinged (_battle prepared for the
+monster in the high hall_), 648; wel bið þäm þe mot tô fäder fäðmum freoðo
+wilnian (_well for him that can find peace in the Father's arms_), 188;
+þâra þe he ge-worhte tô West-Denum (_of those that he wrought against the
+West-Danes_), 1579.--4) with the gerund, inf.: tô gefremmanne (_to do_),
+174; tô ge-cýðanne (_to make known_), 257; tô secganne (_to say_), 473; to
+befleónne (_to avoid, escape_), 1004; so, 1420, 1725, 1732, 1806, 1852,
+1923, 1942, etc. With inf.: tô fêran, 316; tô friclan, 2557.--5) temporal:
+gewât him tô gescäp-hwîle (_went at(?) the hour of fate_; or, _to his fated
+rest?_), 26; tô wîdan feore (_ever, in their lives_), 934; âwa tô aldre
+(_for life, forever_), 956; so, tô aldre, 2006, 2499; tô life (_during
+life, ever_), 2433.--6) with particles: wôd under wolcnum tô þäs þe ...
+(_went under the welkin to the point where_ ...), 715; so, elne ge-eodon tô
+þäs þe, 1968; so, 2411; he him þäs leán for-geald ... tô þäs þe he on reste
+geseah Grendel licgan (_he paid him for that to the point that he saw G.
+lying dead_), 1586; wäs þät blôd tô þäs hât (_the blood was hot to that
+degree_), 1617; näs þâ long tô þon þät (_'twas not long till_), 2592, 2846;
+wäs him se man tô þon leóf þät (_the man was dear to him to that degree_),
+1877; tô hwan siððan wearð hond-ræs häleða (_up to what point, how, the
+hand-contest turned out_), 2072; tô middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+II. Adverbial modifier, _quasi_ preposition [better explained in many cases
+as prep. postponed]: l) _to, towards, up to, at_: geóng sôna tô, 1786; so,
+2649; fêhð ôðer tô, 1756; sæ-lâc ... þe þu her tô lôcast (_upon which thou
+here lookest_), 1655; folc tô sægon (_the folk looked on_), 1423; þät hî
+him tô mihton gegnum gangan (_might proceed thereto_), 313; se þe him
+bealwa tô bôte gelýfde (_who believed in help out of evils from him_, i.e.
+Beówulf), 910; him tô anwaldan âre ge-lyfde (_trusted for himself to the
+Almighty's help_), 1273; þe ûs sêceað tô Sweóna leóde (_that the Swedes
+will come against us_), 3002.--2) before adj. and adv., _too_: tô strang
+(_too mighty_), 133; tô fäst, 137; tô swýð, 191; so, 789, 970, 1337, 1743,
+1749, etc.; tô fela micles (_far too much_), 695; he tô forð ge-stôp (_he
+had gone too far_), 2290.
+
+tôð (G. tunþu-s), st. m., _tooth_: in comp. blôdig-tôð (adj.).
+
+tredan, st. v. w. acc., _to tread_: inf. sæ-wong tredan, 1965; el-land
+tredan, 3020; pret. sg. wräc-lâstas träd, 1353; medo-wongas träd, 1644;
+gräs-moldan träd, 1882.
+
+treddian, tryddian (see trod), w. v., _to stride, tread, go_: pret. sg.
+treddode, 726; tryddode getrume micle (_strode about with a strong troop_),
+923.
+
+trem, st. n., _piece, part_: acc. sg. ne ... fôtes trem (_not a foot's
+breadth_), 2526.
+
+treów, st. f., _fidelity, good faith_: acc. sg. treówe, 1073; sibbe oððe
+treówe, 2923.
+
+treów, st. n., _tree_: in comp. galg-treów.
+
+treówian. See trûwian.
+
+treów-loga, w. m., _troth-breaker, pledge-breaker_: nom. pl. treów-logan,
+2848.
+
+trodu, st. f., _track, step_: acc. sg. or pl. trode, 844.
+
+ge-trum, st. n., _troop, band_: instr. sg. ge-trume micle, 923.
+
+trum, adj., _strong, endowed with_: nom. sg. heorot hornum trum, 1370.
+
+ge-trûwan, w. v. w. acc., _to confirm, pledge solemnly_: pret. sg. þâ hie
+getrûwedon on twâ healfe fäste frioðu-wære, 1096.
+
+trûwian, treówan, w. v., _to trust in, rely on, believe in_: 1) w. dat.:
+pret. sg. sîðe ne trûwode leófes mannes (_I trusted not in the dear man's
+enterprise_), 1994; bearne ne trûwode þät he ... (_she trusted not the
+child that_ ...), 2371; gehwylc hiora his ferhðe treówde þät he ... (_each
+trusted his heart that_ ...), 1167.--2) w. gen.: pret. sg. Geáta leód
+georne trûwode môdgan mägnes, 670; wiðres ne trûwode, 2954.
+
+ge-trûwian, _to rely on, trust in_, w. dat.: pret. sg. strenge ge-trûwode,
+mund-gripe mägenes, 1534;--w. gen. pret. sg. beorges ge-trûwode, wîges and
+wealles, 2323; strenge ge-trûwode ânes mannes, 2541.
+
+tryddian. See treddian.
+
+trýwe, adj., _true, faithful_: nom. sg. þâ gyt wäs ... æghwylc ôðrum trýwe,
+1166.
+
+ge-trýwe, adj., _faithful_: nom. sg. her is æghwylc eorl ôðrum ge-trýwe,
+1229.
+
+turf, st. f., _sod, soil, seat_: in comp. êðel-turf.
+
+tux, st. m., _tooth, tusk_: in comp. hilde-tux.
+
+ge-twæfan, w. v. w. acc. of person and gen. thing, _to separate, divide,
+deprive of, hinder_: pres. sg. III. þät þec âdl oððe ecg eafoðes ge-twæfeð
+(_robs of strength_), 1764; inf. god eáðe mäg þone dol-scaðan dæda
+ge-twæfan (_God may easily restrain the fierce foe from his deeds_), 479;
+pret. sg. sumne Geáta leód ... feores getwæfde (_cut him off from life_),
+1434; nô þær wæg-flotan wind ofer ýðum sîðes ge-twæfde (_the wind hindered
+not the wave-floater in her course over the water_), 1909; pret. part. ät
+rihte wäs gûð ge-twæfed (_almost had the struggle been ended_), 1659.
+
+ge-twæman, w. v. acc. pers. and gen. thing, _to hinder, render incapable
+of, restrain_: inf. ic hine ne mihte ... ganges getwæman, 969.
+
+twegen, m. f. n. twâ, num., _twain, two_: nom. m. twegen, 1164; acc. m.
+twegen, 1348; dat. twæm, 1192 gen. twega, 2533; acc. f. twâ, 1096, 1195.
+
+twelf, num., _twelve_, gen. twelfa, 3172.
+
+tweone (Frisian twine), num. = _bini, two_: dat. pl. be sæm tweonum, 859,
+1298; 1686.
+
+twidig, adj., in comp. lang-twidig (_long-assured_), 1709.
+
+tyder, st. m., _race, descendant_: in comp. un-tyder, 111.
+
+tydre (Frisian teddre), adj., _weak, unwarlike, cowardly_: nom. pl. tydre,
+2848.
+
+tyn, num., _ten_: uninflect. dat. on tyn dagum, 3161; inflect. nom. tyne,
+2848.
+
+tyrwian, w. v., _to tar_: pret. part. tyrwed in comp.: niw-tyrwed.
+
+on-tyhtan, w. v., _to urge on, incite, entice_: pret. sg. on-tyhte, 3087.
+
+
+Þ
+
+þafian, w. v. w. acc., _to submit to, endure_: inf. þät se þeód-cyning
+þafian sceolde Eofores ânne dôm, 2964.
+
+þanc, st. m.: 1) _thought_: in comp. fore-, hete-, or-, searo-þanc;
+inwit-þanc (adj.).--2) _thanks_ (w. gen. of thing): nom. sg., 929, 1779;
+acc. sg. þanc, 1998, 2795.--3) _content, favor, pleasure_: dat. sg. þâ þe
+gif-sceattas Geáta fyredon þyder tô þance (_those that tribute for the
+Geâtas carried thither for favor_). 379.
+
+ge-þanc, st. m., _thought_: instr. pl. þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2333.--Comp.
+môd-ge-þanc.
+
+þanc-hycgende, pres. part., _thoughtful_, 2236.
+
+þancian, w. v., _to thank_: pret. sg. gode þancode ... þäs þe hire se willa
+ge-lamp (_thanked God that her wish was granted_), 626; so, 1398; pl.
+þancedon, 627(?).
+
+þanon, þonon, þonan, adv., _thence_: 1) local: þanon eft gewât (_he went
+thence back_), 123; þanon up ... stigon (_went up thence_), 224; so, þanon,
+463, 692, 764, 845, 854, 1293; þanan, 1881; þonon, 520, 1374, 2409; þonan,
+820, 2360, 2957.--2) personal: þanon untydras ealle on-wôcon (_from him_,
+i.e. Cain, etc.), 111; so, þanan, 1266; þonon, 1961; unsôfte þonon feorh
+ôð-ferede (i.e. from Grendel's mother), 2141.
+
+þâ, adv.: l) _there, then_, 3, 26, 28, 34, 47, 53, etc. With þær: þâ þær,
+331. With nu: nu þâ (_now then_), 658.--2) conjunction, _when, as, since_,
+w. indic., 461, 539, 633, etc.;--_because, whilst, during, since_, 402,
+465, 724, 2551, etc.
+
+þät, I. demons, pron. acc. neut. of se: demons, nom. þät (_that_), 735,
+766, etc.; instr. sg. þý, 1798, 2029; þät ic þý wæpne ge-bräd (_that I
+brandished as(?) a weapon; that I brandished the weapon?_), 1665; þý
+weorðra (_the more honored_), 1903; þý sêft (_the more easily_), 2750; þý
+läs hym ýðe þrym wudu wynsuman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the
+waves the winsome boat might carry away_), 1919; nô þý ær (_not sooner_),
+755, 1503, 2082, 2374, 2467; nô þý leng (_no longer, none the longer_),
+975. þý =adv., _therefore, hence_, 1274, 2068; þê ... þê = _on this
+account; for this reason ... that, because_, 2639-2642; wiste þê geornor
+(_knew but too well_), 822; he ... wäs sundes þê sænra þe hine swylt fornam
+(_he was the slower in swimming as [whom?] death carried him off_), 1437;
+näs him wihte þê sêl (_it was none the better for him_), 2688; so, 2278.
+Gen. sg. þäs = adv., _for this reason, therefore_, 7, 16, 114, 350, 589,
+901, 1993, 2027, 2033, etc. þäs þe, especially after verbs of thanking, =
+_because_, 108, 228, 627, 1780, 2798;--also = secundum quod: þäs þe hie
+gewislîcost ge-witan meahton, 1351;--_therefore, accordingly_, 1342, 3001;
+tô þäs (_to that point; to that degree_), 715, 1586, 1617, 1968, 2411; þäs
+georne (_so firmly_), 969; ac he þäs fäste wäs ... besmiðod (_it was too
+firmly set_), 774; nô þäs frôd leofað gumena bearna þät þone grund wite
+(_none liveth among men so wise that he should know its bottom_), 1368; he
+þäs (þäm, MS.) môdig wäs (_had the courage for it_), 1509.
+
+II. conj. (relative), _that, so that_, 15, 62, 84, 221, 347, 358, 392, 571,
+etc.; ôð þät (_up to that, until_); see ôð.
+
+þätte (from þät þe, see þe), _that_, 151, 859, 1257, 2925, etc.; þät þe
+(_that_), 1847.
+
+þær: 1) demons. adv., _there (where)_, 32, 36, 89, 400, 757, etc.;
+morðor-bealo mâga, þær heó ær mæste heóld worolde wynne (_the death-bale of
+kinsmen where before she had most worldly joy_), 1080. With þâ: þâ þær,
+331; þær on innan (_therein_), 71. Almost like Eng. expletive _there_, 271,
+550, 978, etc.;--_then, at that time_, 440;--_thither_: þær swîð-ferhðe
+sittan eodon (_thither went the bold ones to sit_, i.e. to the bench), 493,
+etc.--2) relative, _where_, 356, 420, 508, 513, 522, 694, 867, etc.; eode
+... þær se snottra bâd (_went where the wise one tarried_), 1314; so,
+1816;--_if_, 763, 798, 1836, 2731, etc.;--_whither_: gâ þær he wille, 1395.
+
+þe, I. relative particle, indecl., partly standing alone, partly associated
+with se, seó, þät: Hunferð maðelode, þe ät fôtum sät (_H., who sat at his
+feet, spake_), 500; so, 138, etc.; wäs þät gewin tô swýð þe on þâ leóde
+be-com (_the misery that had come on the people was too great_), 192, etc.;
+ic wille ... þe þâ and-sware ädre ge-cýðan þe me se gôda â-gifan þenceð (_I
+will straightway tell thee the answer that the good one shall give_), 355;
+ôð þone ânne däg þe he ... (_till that very day that he_ ...), 2401; heó þâ
+fæhðe wräc þe þu ... Grendel cwealdest (_the fight in which thou slewest
+G._), 1335; mid þære sorge þe him sió sâr belamp (_with the sorrow
+wherewith the pain had visited him_), 2469; pl. þonne þâ dydon þe ...
+(_than they did that_ ...), 45; so, 378, 1136; þâ mâðmas þe he me sealde
+(_the treasures that he gave me_), 2491; so, ginfästan gife þe him god
+sealde (_the great gifts that God had given him_), 2183. After þâra þe (_of
+those that_), the depend. verb often takes sg. instead of pl. (Dietrich,
+Haupt XI., 444 seqq.): wundor-sióna fela secga ge-hwylcum þâra þe on swylc
+starað (_to each of those that look on such_), 997; so, 844, 1462, 2384,
+2736. Strengthened by se, seó, þät: sägde se þe cûðe (_said he that knew_),
+90; wäs se grimma gäst Grendel hâten, se þe môras heóld (_the grim stranger
+hight Grendel, he that held the moors_), 103; here-byrne ... seó þe
+bân-cofan beorgan cûðe (_the corselet that could protect the body_), 1446,
+etc.; þær ge-lýfan sceal dryhtnes dôme se þe hine deáð nimeð (_he shall
+believe in God's judgment whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 1437, 1292
+(cf. Heliand I., 1308).
+
+þäs þe. See þät.
+
+þeáh þe. See þeáh.
+
+for þam þe. See for-þam.
+
+þý, þê, _the, by that_, instr. of se: âhte ic holdra þý läs ... þe deáð
+for-nam (_I had the less friends whom death snatched away_), 488; so, 1437.
+
+þeccan, w. v., _to cover_ (thatch), _cover over_: inf. þâ sceal brond
+fretan, äled þeccean (_fire shall eat, flame shall cover, the treasures_),
+3016; pret. pl. þær git eágor-streám earmum þehton (_in swimming_), 513.
+
+þegn, st. m., _thane, liegeman, king's higher vassal; knight_: nom. sg.,
+235, 494, 868, 2060, 2710; (Beówulf), 194; (Wîglâf), 2722; acc. sg. þegen
+(Beówulf, MS. þegn), 1872; dat. sg. þegne, 1342, 1420; (Hengest), 1086;
+(Wîglâf), 2811; gen. sg. þegnes, 1798; nom. pl. þegnas, 1231; acc. pl.
+þegnas, 1082, 3122; dat. pl. þegnum, 2870; gen. pl. þegna, 123, 400, 1628,
+1674, 1830, 2034, etc.--Comp.: ambiht-, ealdor-, heal-, magu-, sele-þegn.
+
+þegnian, þênian, w. v., _to serve, do liege service_: pret. sg. ic him
+þênode deóran sweorde (_I served them with my good sword_, i.e. slew them
+with it), 560.
+
+þegn-sorh, st. f., _thane-sorrow, grief for a liegeman_: acc. sg.
+þegn-sorge, 131.
+
+þegu, st. f., _taking_: in comp.: beáh-, beór-, sinc-þegu.
+
+þel, st. n., _deal-board, board for benches_: in comp. benc-þel, 486, 1240.
+
+þencan, w. v.: 1) _to think_: absolutely: pres. sg. III. se þe wel þenceð,
+289; so, 2602. With depend. clause: pres. sg. nænig heora þôhte þät he ...
+(_none of them thought that he_), 692.--2) w. inf., _to intend_: pres. sg.
+III. þâ and-sware ... þe me se gôda â-gifan þenceð (_the answer that the
+good one intendeth to give me_), 355; (blôdig wäl) byrgean þenceð, 448;
+þonne he ... gegân þenceð longsumne lof (_if he will win eternal fame_),
+1536; pret. sg. ne þät aglæca yldan þôhte (_the monster did not mean to
+delay that_), 740; pret. pl. wit unc wið hronfixas werian þôhton, 541;
+(hine) on healfa ge-hwone heáwan þôhton, 801.
+
+â-þencan, _to intend, think out_: pret. sg. (he) þis ellen-weorc âna
+â-þôhte tô ge-fremmanne, 2644.
+
+ge-þencan, w. acc.: 1) _to think of_: þät he his selfa ne mäg ... ende
+ge-þencean (_so that he himself may not think of, know, its limit_),
+1735.--2) _to be mindful_: imper. sg. ge-þenc nu ... hwät wit geó spræcon,
+1475.
+
+þenden: 1) adv., _at this time, then, whilst_: nalles fâcen-stafas
+Þeód-Scyldingas þenden fremedon (_not at all at this time had the Scyldings
+done foul deeds_), 1020 (referring to 1165; cf. Wîdsîð, 45 seqq.); þenden
+reáfode rinc ôðerne (_whilst one warrior robbed another_, i.e. Eofor robbed
+Ongenþeów), 2986.--2) conj., _so long as, whilst_, 30, 57, 284, 1860, 2039,
+2500, 3028;--_whilst_, 2419. With subj., _whilst, as long as_: þenden þu
+môte, 1178; þenden þu lifige, 1255; þenden hyt sý (_whilst the heat
+lasts_), 2650.
+
+þengel, st. m., _prince, lord, ruler_: acc. sg. hringa þengel (Beówulf),
+1508.
+
+þes (m.), þeós (f.), þis (n.), demons. pron., _this_: nom. sg. 411, 432,
+1703; f., 484; nom. acc. neut., 2156, 2252, 2644; þys, 1396; acc. sg. m.
+þisne, 75; f. þâs, 1682; dat. sg. neut. þissum, 1170; þyssum, 2640; f.
+þisse, 639; gen. m. þisses, 1217; f. þisse, 929; neut. þysses, 791, 807;
+nom. pl. and acc. þâs, 1623, 1653, 2636, 2641; dat. þyssum, 1063, 1220.
+
+þê. See þät.
+
+þêh. See þeáh.
+
+þearf, st. f., _need_: nom. sg. þearf, 1251, 2494, 2638; þâ him wäs manna
+þearf (_as he was in need of men_), 201; acc. sg. þearfe, 1457, 2580, 2850;
+fremmað ge nu leóda þearfe (_do ye now what is needful for the folk_),
+2802; dat. sg. ät þearfe, 1478, 1526, 2695, 2710; acc. pl. se for andrysnum
+ealle beweotede þegnes þearfe (_who would supply in courtesy all the
+thane's needs_), 1798 (cf. sele-þegn, 1795).--Comp.: firen-, nearo-,
+ofer-þearf.
+
+þearf. See þurfan.
+
+ge-þearfian, w. v., = _necessitatem imponere_: pret. part. þâ him swâ
+ge-þearfod wäs (_since so they found it necessary_), 1104.
+
+þearle, adv., _very, exceedingly_, 560.
+
+þeáh, þêh, conj., _though, even though_ or _if_: 1) with subj. þeáh, 203,
+526, 588, 590, 1168, 1661, 2032, 2162. Strengthened by þe: þeáh þe, 683,
+1369, 1832, 1928, 1942, 2345, 2620; þeáh ... eal (_although_), 681.--2)
+with indic.: þeáh, 1103; þêh, 1614.--3) doubtful: þeáh he ûðe wel, 2856;
+swâ þeáh (_nevertheless_), 2879; nô ... swâ þeáh (_not then however_), 973;
+näs þe forht swâ þêh (_he was not, though, afraid_), 2968; hwäðre swâ þeáh
+(_yet however_), 2443.
+
+þeáw, st. m., _custom, usage_: nom. sg., 178, 1247; acc. sg. þeáw, 359;
+instr. pl. þeáwum (_in accordance with custom_), 2145.
+
+þeód, st. f.: 1) _war-troop, retainers_: nom. sg., 644, 1231, 1251.--2)
+_nation, folk_: nom. sg., 1692; gen. pl. þeóda, 1706.--Comp.: sige-,
+wer-þeód.
+
+þeód-cyning, st. m., (=folc-cyning), _warrior-king, king of the people_:
+nom. sg. (Hrôðgâr), 2145; (Ongenþeów), 2964, 2971; þiód-cyning (Beówulf),
+2580; acc. sg. þeód-cyning (Beówulf), 3009; gen. sg. þeód-cyninges
+(Beówulf), 2695; gen. pl. þeód-cyninga, 2.
+
+þeóden, st. m., _lord of a troop, war-chief, king; ruler_: nom. sg., 129,
+365, 417, 1047, 1210, 1676, etc.; þióden, 2337, 2811; acc. sg. þeóden, 34,
+201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2884, 3080; þióden, 2789; dat. sg. þeódne, 345,
+1526, 1993, 2573, 2710, etc.; þeóden, 2033; gen. sg. þeódnes 798, 911,
+1086, 1628, 1838, 2175; þiódnes, 2657; nom. pl. þeódnas, 3071.
+
+þeóden-leás, adj., _without chief_ or _king_: nom. pl. þeóden-leáse, 1104.
+
+þeód-gestreón, st. n., _people's-jewel, precious treasure_: instr. pl.
+þeód-ge-streónum, 44; gen. pl. þeód-ge-streóna, 1219.
+
+þeódig, adj., _appertaining to a_ þeód: in comp. el-þeódig.
+
+þeód-scaða, w. m., _foe of the people, general foe_: nom. sg. þeód-sceaða
+(_the dragon_), 2279, 2689.
+
+þeód-þreá, st. f. m., _popular misery, general distress_: dat. pl. wið
+þeód-þreáum, 178.
+
+þeóf, st. m., _thief_: gen. sg. þeófes cräfte, 2221.
+
+þeón, st. v.: 1) _to grow, ripen, thrive_: pret. sg. weorðmyndum þâh (_grew
+in glory_), 8.--2) _to thrive in, succeed_: pret. sg. hûru þät on lande lyt
+manna þâh (_that throve to few_), 2837. See Note, l. 901.
+
+ge-þeón, _to grow, thrive; increase in power and influence_: imper. ge-þeóh
+tela, 1219; inf. lof-dædum sceal ... man geþeón, 25; þät þät þeódnes bearn
+ge-þeón scolde, 911.
+
+on-þeón? _to begin, undertake_, w. gen.: pret. he þäs ær onþâh, 901. [In
+MS. Emended in text.--KTH] See Note, l. 901.
+
+þeon (for þeówan), w. v., _to oppress, restrain_: inf. näs se folc-cyning
+ymb-sittendra ænig þâra þe mec ... dorste egesan þeón (_that durst oppress
+me with terror_), 2737.
+
+þeóstor, adj., _dark, gloomy_: instr. pl. þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2333.
+
+þicgan, st. v. w. acc., _to seize, attain, eat, appropriate_: inf. þät he
+(Grendel) mâ môste manna cynnes þicgean ofer þâ niht, 737; symbel þicgan
+(_take the meal, enjoy the feast_), 1011; pret. pl. þät hie me þêgon, 563;
+þær we medu þêgun, 2634.
+
+ge-þicgan, w. acc., _to grasp, take_: pret. sg. (symbel and sele-ful, ful)
+ge-þeah, 619, 629; Beówulf ge-þah ful on flette, 1025; pret. pl. (medo-ful
+manig) ge-þægon, 1015.
+
+þider, þyder, adv., _thither_: þyder, 3087, 379, 2971.
+
+þihtig, þyhtig, adj., _doughty, vigorous, firm_: acc. sg. neut. sweord ...
+ecgum þyhtig, 1559.--Comp. hyge-þihtig.
+
+þincan. See þyncan.
+
+þing, st. n.: 1) _thing_: gen. pl. ænige þinga (_ullo modo_), 792, 2375,
+2906.--2) _affair, contest, controversy_: nom. sg. me wearð Grendles þing
+... undyrne cûð (_Grendel's doings became known to me_), 409.--3)
+_judgment, issue, judicial assembly_(?): acc. sg. sceal ... âna gehegan
+þing wið þyrse (_shall bring the matter alone to an issue against the
+giant_: see hegan), 426.
+
+ge-þing, st. n.: 1) _terms, covenant_: acc. pl. ge-þingo, 1086.--2) _fate,
+providence, issue_: gen. sg. ge-þinges, 398, 710; (ge-þingea, MS.), 525.
+
+ge-þingan, st. v., _to grow, mature, thrive_ (Dietrich, Haupt IX., 430):
+pret. part. cwên môde ge-þungen (_mature-minded, high-spirited, queen_),
+625. See wel-þungen.
+
+ge-þingan (see ge-þing), w. v.: 1) _to conclude a treaty_: w. refl. dat,
+_enter into a treaty_: pres. sg. III. gif him þonne Hrêðrîc tô hofum Geáta
+ge-þingeð _(if H. enters into a treaty_ (seeks aid at?) _with the court of
+the Geátas_, referring to the old German custom of princes entering the
+service or suite of a foreign king), 1838. Leo.--2) _to prepare, appoint_:
+pret. part. wiste [ät] þäm ahlæcan ... hilde ge-þinged, 648; hraðe wäs ...
+mêce ge-þinged, 1939.
+
+þingian, w. v.: 1) _to speak in an assembly, make an address_: inf. ne
+hýrde ic snotor-lîcor on swâ geongum feore guman þingian (_I never heard a
+man so young speak so wisely_), 1844.--2) _to compound, settle, lay aside_:
+inf. ne wolde feorh-bealo ... feó þingian (_would not compound the
+life-bale for money_), 156; so, pret. sg. þâ fæhðe feó þingode, 470.
+
+þîhan. See þeón.
+
+þin, possess, pron., _thy, thine_, 267, 346, 353, 367, 459, etc.
+
+ge-þôht, st. m., _thought, plan_: acc. sg. ân-fealdne ge-þôht, 256;
+fäst-rædne ge-þôht, 611.
+
+þolian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to endure, bear_: inf. (inwid-sorge) þolian,
+833; pres. sg. III. þreá-nýd þolað, 284; pret. sg. þolode þryðswyð,
+131.--2) _to hold out, stand, survive_: pres. sg. (intrans.) þenden þis
+sweord þolað (_as long as this sword holds out_), 2500; pret. sg. (seó ecg)
+þolode ær fela hand-gemôta, 1526.
+
+ge-þolian: 1) _to suffer, bear, endure_: gerund. tô ge-þolianne, 1420;
+pret. sg. earfoð-lice þrage ge-þolode..., þät he ... dreám gehýrde (_bore
+ill that he heard the sound of joy_), 87; torn ge-þolode (_bore the
+misery_), 147.--2) _to have patience, wait_: inf. þær he longe sceal on þäs
+waldendes wære ge-þolian, 3110.
+
+þon (Goth, þan) = _tum, then, now_, 504; äfter þon (_after that_), 725; ær
+þon däg cwôme (_ere day came_), 732; nô þon lange (_it was not long till
+then_), 2424; näs þâ long tô þon (_it was not long till then_), 2592, 2846;
+wäs him se man tô þon leóf þät ... _(the man was to that degree dear to him
+that ..._), 1877.
+
+þonne: 1) adv., _there, then, now_, 377, 435, 525, 1105, 1456, 1485, 1672,
+1823, 3052, 3098(?).--2) conj., _if, when, while_: a) w. indic., 573, 881,
+935, 1034, 1041, 1043, 1144, 1286, 1327, 1328, 1375, etc.; þät ic
+gum-cystum gôdne funde beága bryttan, breác þonne môste (_that I found a
+good ring-giver and enjoyed him whilst I could_), 1488. b) w. subj., 23,
+1180, 3065; þonne ...þonne (_then ... when_), 484-85, 2447-48; gif þonne
+...þonne (_if then ... then_), 1105-1107. c) _than_ after comparatives, 44,
+248, 469, 505, 534, 679, 1140, 1183, etc.; a comparative must be supplied,
+l. 70, before þone: þät he ... hâtan wolde medo-ärn micel men ge-wyrcean
+þone yldo bearn æfre ge-frunon (_a great mead-house_ (greater) _than men
+had ever known_).
+
+þracu, st. f., _strength, boldness_: in comp. môd-þracu; = impetus in
+ecg-þracu.
+
+þrag, st. f., _period of time, time_: nom. sg. þâ hine sió þrag be-cwom
+(_when the_ [battle]-_hour befell him_), 2884; acc. sg. þrage (_for a
+time_), 87; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114.--Comp. earfoð-þrag.
+
+ge-þräc, st. n., _multitude, crowd_: in comp. searo-ge-þräc.
+
+þrec-wudu, st. m., (_might-wood_), _spear_ (cf. mägen-wudu): acc. sg.,
+1247.
+
+þreá, st. m. f., _misery, distress_: in comp. þeód-þreá, þreá-nêdla, -nýd.
+
+þreá-nêdla, w. m., _crushing distress, misery_: dat. sg. for þreá-nêdlan,
+2225.
+
+þrea-nýd, st. f., _oppression, distress_: acc. sg. þreá-nýd, 284; dat. pl.
+þreá-nýdum, 833.
+
+þreát, st. m., _troop, band_: dat. sg. on þam þreáte, 2407; dat. pl.
+sceaðena þreátum, 4.--Comp. îren-þreát.
+
+þreátian, w. v. w. acc., _to press, oppress_: pret. pl. mec ...þreátedon,
+560.
+
+þreot-teoða, num. adj. w. m., _thirteenth_: nom. sg. þreot-teoða secg,
+2407.
+
+þreó, num. (neut.), _three_: acc. þrió wicg, 2175; þreó hund wintra, 2279.
+
+þridda, num. adj. w. m., _third_: instr. þriddan sîðe, 2689.
+
+ge-þring, st. n., _eddy, whirlpool, crush_: acc. on holma ge-þring, 2133.
+
+þringan, st. v., _to press_: pret. sg. wergendra tô lyt þrong ymbe þeóden
+(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret. pl. syððan
+Hrêðlingas tô hagan þrungon (_after the Hrethlingas had pressed into the
+hedge_), 2961.
+
+for-þringan, _to press out; rescue, protect_: inf. þät he ne mehte ...þâ
+weá-lâfe wîge for-þringan þeódnes þegne (_that he could not rescue the
+wretched remnant from the king's thane by war_), 1085.
+
+ge-þringan, _to press_: pret. sg. ceól up geþrang (_the ship shot up_),
+i.e. on the shore in landing), 1913.
+
+þritig, num., _thirty_ (neut. subst.): acc. sg. w. partitive gen.: þritig
+þegna, 123; gen. þrittiges (XXXtiges MS.) manna, 379.
+
+þrîst-hydig, adj., _bold-minded, valorous_: nom. sg. þióden þrîst-hydig
+(Beówulf), 2811.
+
+þrowian, w. v. w. acc., _to suffer, endure_: inf. (hât, gnorn) þrowian,
+2606, 2659; pret. sg. þrowade, 1590, 1722; þrowode, 2595.
+
+þryð, st. f., _abundance, multitude_, _excellence, power_: instr. pl.
+þryðum (_excellently, extremely; excellent in strength?_), 494.
+
+þryð-ärn, st. n., _excellent house, royal hall_: acc. sg. (of Heorot), 658.
+
+þryðlîc, adj., _excellent, chosen_: nom. sg. þryð-lîc þegna heáp, 400,
+1628; superl. acc. pl. þryð-lîcost, 2870.
+
+þrýð-swýð, st. n.?, _great pain_ (?): acc., 131, 737 [? adj., _very
+powerful, exceeding strong_].
+
+þryð-word, st. n., _bold speech, choice discourse_: nom. sg., 644. (Great
+store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's Nibelunge, 1612; Rîgsmâl,
+29, 7, in Möbius, p. 79b, 22.)
+
+þrym, st. m.: 1) _power, might, force_: nom. sg. ýða þrym, 1919; instr. pl.
+= adv. þrymmum (_powerfully_), 235.--2) _glory, renown_: acc. sg. þrym,
+2.--Comp. hyge-þrym.
+
+þrym-lîc, adj., _powerful, mighty_: nom. sg. þrec-wudu þrym-lîc (_the
+mighty spear_), 1247.
+
+þu, pron., _thou_, 366, 407, 445, etc.; acc. sg. þec (poetic), 948, 2152,
+etc.; þe, 417, 426, 517, etc.; after compar. sêlran þe (_a better one than
+thee_), 1851. See ge.
+
+þunca, w. m. See äf-þunca.
+
+ge-þungen. See ge-þingan, st. v.
+
+þurfan, pret.-pres. v., _to need_: pres. sg. II. nô þu ne þearft ...
+sorgian (_needest not care_), 450; so, 445, 1675; III. ne þearf ...
+onsittan (_need not fear_), 596; so, 2007, 2742; pres. subj. þät he ...
+sêcean þurfe, 2496; pret. sg. þorfte, 157, 1027, 1072, 2875, 2996; pl.
+nealles Hetware hrêmge þorfton (i.e. wesan) fêðe-wîges (_needed not boast
+of their foot-fight_), 2365.
+
+ge-þuren. See þweran.
+
+þurh, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local, _through,
+throughout_: wôd þâ þurh þone wäl-rêc (_went then through the
+battle-reek_), 2662.--II. causal: l) _on account of, for the sake of, owing
+to_: þurh slîðne nîð (_through fierce hostility, heathenism_), 184; þurh
+holdne hige (_from friendliness_), 267; so, þurh rûmne sefan, 278; þurh
+sîdne sefan, 1727; eóweð þurh egsan uncûðne nîð (_shows unheard-of
+hostility by the terror he causes_), 276; so, 1102, 1336, 2046. 2) _by
+means of, through_: heaðo-ræs for-nam mihtig mere-deór þurh mîne hand, 558;
+þurh ânes cräft, 700; so, 941, 1694, 1696, 1980, 2406, 3069.
+
+þus, adv., _so, thus_, 238, 337, 430.
+
+þunian, w. v., _to din, sound forth_: pret. sg. sund-wudu þunede, 1907.
+
+þûsend, num., _thousand_: 1) fem. acc. ic þe þûsenda þegna bringe tô helpe,
+1830.--2) neut. with measure of value (sceat) omitted: acc. seofan þûsendo,
+2196; gen. hund-þûsenda landes and locenra beága (100,000 _sceattas' worth
+of land and rings_), 2995.--3) uninflected: acc. þûsend wintra, 3051.
+
+þwære, adj., _affable, mild_: in comp. man-þwære.
+
+ge-þwære, adj., _gentle, mild_: nom. pl. ge-þwære, 1231.
+
+ge-þweran, st. v., _to forge, strike_: pret. part. heoru ... hamere
+ge-þuren (for ge-þworen) (_hammer-forged sword_), 1286.
+
+þyhtig. See þihtig.
+
+ge-þyld (see þolian), st. f.: 1) _patience, endurance_: acc. sg. ge-þyld,
+1396.--2) _steadfastness_: instr. pl. = adv.: ge-þyldum (_steadfastly,
+patiently_), 1706.
+
+þyle, st. m., _spokesman, leader of the conversation at court_: nom. sg.,
+1166, 1457.
+
+þyncan, þincean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to seem, appear_: pres. sg. III.
+þinceð him tô lytel (_it seems to him too little_), 1749; ne þynceð me
+gerysne, þät we _(it seemeth to me not fit that we_ ...), 2654; pres. pl.
+hy ... wyrðe þinceað eorla ge-æhtlan (_they seem worthy contenders with_
+(?) _earls_; or, _worthy warriors_), 368; pres. subj. swâ him ge-met þince,
+688; inf. þincean, 1342; pret. sg. þûhte, 2462, 3058; nô his lîf-gedâl
+sâr-lîc þûhte secga ænigum (_his death seemed painful to none of men_),
+843; pret. pl. þær him fold-wegas fägere þûhton, 867.
+
+of-þincan, _to displease, offend_: inf. mäg þäs þonne of-þyncan þeóden
+(dat.) Heaðo-beardna and þegna gehwâm þâra leóda, 2033.
+
+þyrs, st. m., _giant_: dat. sg. wið þyrse (Grendel), 426.
+
+þys-lîc, adj., _such, of such a nature_: nom. sg. fem. þys-lîcu þearf,
+2638.
+
+þý. See þät.
+
+þýwan (M.H.G. diuhen, O.H.G. duhan), w. v., _to crush, oppress_: inf. gif
+þec ymb-sittend egesan þýwað (_if thy neighbors oppress thee with dread_),
+1828.
+
+þýstru, st. f., _darkness_: dat. pl. in þýstrum, 87.
+
+ge-þýwe, adj., _customary, usual_: nom. sg. swâ him ge-þýwe ne wäs (_as was
+not his custom_), 2333.
+
+
+U
+
+ufan, _adv., from above_, 1501; _above_, 330.
+
+ufera (prop. _higher_), adj., _later_: dat. pl. ufaran dôgrum, 2201, 2393.
+
+ufor, adv., _higher_, 2952.
+
+uhte, w. f., _twilight_ or _dawn_: dat. or acc. on uhtan, 126.
+
+uht-floga, w. m., _twilight-flier, dawn-flier_ (epithet of the dragon):
+gen. sg. uht-flogan, 2761.
+
+uht-hlem, st. m., _twilight-cry, dawn-cry_: acc. sg., 2008.
+
+uht-sceaða, w. m., _twilight-_ or _dawn-foe_: nom. sg., 2272.
+
+umbor, st. n., _child, infant_: acc. sg., 46; dat. sg., 1188.
+
+un-blîðe, adv.(?), _unblithely, sorrowfully_, 130, 2269; (adj., nom. pl.?),
+3032.
+
+un-byrnende, pres. part., _unburning, without burning_, 2549.
+
+unc, dat. and acc. of the dual wit, _us two, to us two_, 1784, 2138, 2527;
+gen. hwäðer ... uncer twega (_which of us two_), 2533; uncer Grendles (_of
+us two, G. and me_), 2003.
+
+uncer, poss. pron., _of us two_: nom. sg. [uncer], 2002(?); dat. pl. uncran
+eaferan, 1186.
+
+un-cûð, adj.: 1) _unknown_: nom. sg. stîg ... eldum uncûð, 2215; acc. sg.
+neut. uncûð ge-lâd (_unknown ways_), 1411.--2) _unheard-of, barbarous,
+evil_: acc. sg. un-cûðne nîð, 276; gen. sg. un-cûðes (_of the foe_,
+Grendel), 961.
+
+under, I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat., answering question where? =
+_under_ (of rest), contrasted with _over_: bât (wäs) under beorge, 211; þâ
+cwom Wealhþeó forð gân under gyldnum beáge (_W. walked forth under a golden
+circlet_, i.e. decked with), 1164; siððan he under segne sine ealgode
+(_under his banner_), 1205; he under rande ge-cranc (_sank under his
+shield_), 1210; under wolcnum, 8, 1632; under heofenum, 52, 505; under
+roderum, 310; under helme, 342, 404; under here-grîman, 396, 2050, 2606;
+so, 711, 1198, 1303, 1929, 2204, 2416, 3061, 3104.--2) w. acc.: a)
+answering question whither? = _under_ (of motion): þâ secg wîsode under
+Heorotes hrôf, 403; siððan æfen-leóht under heofenes hâdor be-holen
+weorðeð, 414; under sceadu bregdan, 708; fleón under fen-hleoðu, 821; hond
+âlegde ... under geápne hrôf, 837; teón in under eoderas, 1038; so, 1361,
+1746, 2129, 2541, 2554, 2676, 2745; so, häfde þâ for-sîðod sunu Ecg-þeówes
+under gynne grund, 1552 (for-sîðian requires acc.). b) after verbs of
+venturing and fighting, with acc. of object had in view: he under hârne
+stân ...âna ge-nêðde frêcne dæde, 888; ne dorste under ýða ge-win aldre
+ge-nêðan, 1470. c) indicating extent, with acc. after expressions of limit,
+etc.: under swegles begong (_as far as the sky extends_), 861, 1774; under
+heofenes hwealf (_as far as heaven's vault reaches_), 2016.
+
+II. Adv., _beneath, below_: stîg under läg (_a path lay beneath_, i.e. the
+rock), 2214.
+
+undern-mæl, st. n., _midday_: acc. sg., 1429.
+
+un-dyrne, un-derne, adj., _without concealment, plain, clear_: nom. sg.,
+127, 2001; un-derne, 2912.
+
+un-dyrne, adv., _plainly, evidently_; un-dyrne cûð, 150, 410.
+
+un-fäger, adj., _unlovely, hideous_: nom. sg. leóht un-fäger, 728.
+
+un-fæcne, adj., _without malice, sincere_: nom. sg., 2069.
+
+un-fæge, adj., _not death-doomed_ or "_fey_": nom. sg., 2292; acc. sg.
+un-fægne eorl, 573.
+
+un-flitme, adv., _solemnly, incontestably_: Finn Hengeste elne unflitme
+âðum benemde (_F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths_) [if an adj., elne un-f.
+= _unconquerable in valor_], 1098.
+
+un-forht, adj., _fearless, bold_: nom. sg., 287; acc. pl. unforhte (adv.?),
+444. See Note.
+
+un-from, adj., _unfit, unwarlike_: nom. sg., 2189.
+
+un-frôd, adj., _not aged, young_: dat sg. guman un-frôdum, 2822.
+
+un-gedêfelîce, adv., _unjustly, contrary to right and custom_, 2436.
+
+un-gemete, adv., _immeasurably, exceedingly_, 2421, 2722, 2729.
+
+un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg., the same, 1793.
+
+un-geâra, adv., (_not old_), _recently, lately_, 933; _soon_, 603.
+
+un-gifeðe, adj., _not to be granted; refused_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+un-gleáw, adj., _regardless, reckless_: acc. sg. sweord ... ecgum ungleáw
+(of a sharp-edged sword), 2565.
+
+un-hâr, adj., _very gray_: nom. sg., 357; (_bald_?).
+
+un-hælo, st. f., _mischief, destruction_: gen. sg. wiht un-hælo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120.
+
+un-heóre, un-hýre, adj., _monstrous, horrible_: nom. sg. m., weard un-hióre
+(the dragon), 2414; neut. wîf un-hýre (Grendel's mother), 2121; nom. pl.
+neut. hand-sporu ... unheóru (of Grendel's claws), 988.
+
+un-hlytme, un-hlitme, adv. (cf. A.S. hlytm = _lot_; O.N. hluti = _part
+division_), _undivided, unseparated_, _united_, 1130 [unless = un-flitme,
+1098]. See Note.
+
+un-leóf, adj., _hated_: acc. pl. seah on un-leófe, 2864.
+
+un-lifigende, pres. part., _unliving, lifeless_: nom. sg. un-lifigende,
+468; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, 1309; dat. sg. un-lifgendum, 1390; gen. sg.
+un-lyfigendes, 745.
+
+un-lytel, adj., _not little, very large_: nom. sg. duguð un-lytel (_a great
+band of warriors_? or _great joy_?), 498; dôm un-lytel (_no little glory_),
+886; acc. sg. torn un-lytel (_very great shame, misery_), 834.
+
+un-murnlîce, adv., _unpityingly, without sorrowing_, 449, 1757.
+
+unnan, pret.-pres. v., _to grant, give; wish, will_: pret.-pres. sg. I. ic
+þe an tela sinc-gestreóna, 1226; weak pret. sg. I. ûðe ic swîðor þät þu
+hine selfne ge-seón môste, 961; III. he ne ûðe þät ...(_he granted not that
+..._), 503; him god ûðe þät ... he hyne sylfne ge-wräc (_God granted to him
+that he avenged himself_), 2875; þeáh he ûðe wel (_though he well would_),
+2856.
+
+ge-unnan, _to grant, permit_: inf. gif he ûs ge-unnan wile þät we hine ...
+grêtan môton, 346; me ge-ûðe ylda waldend, þät ic ... ge-seah hangian (_the
+Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging ..._), 1662.
+
+un-nyt, adj., _useless_: nom. sg., 413, 3170.
+
+un-riht, st. n., _unright, injustice, wrong_: acc. sg. unriht, 1255, 2740;
+instr. sg. un-rihte (_unjustly, wrongly_), 3060.
+
+un-rîm, st. n., _immense number_: nom. sg., 1239, 3136; acc. sg., 2625.
+
+un-rîme, adj., _countless, measureless_: nom. sg. gold un-rîme, 3013.
+
+un-rôt, adj., _sorrowing_: nom. pl. un-rôte, 3149.
+
+un-snyttru, st. f., _lack of wisdom_: dat. pl. for his un-snyttrum (_for
+his unwisdom_), 1735.
+
+un-softe, adv., _unsoftly, with violence_ (_hardly_?), 2141; _scarcely_,
+1656.
+
+un-swýðe, adv., _not strongly_ or _powerfully_: compar. (ecg) bât unswîðor
+þonne his þiód-cyning þearfe häfde (_the sword bit less sharply than the
+prince of the people needed_), 2579; fýr unswîðor weóll, 2882.
+
+un-synnig, adj., _guiltless, sinless_: acc. sg. un-synnigne, 2090.
+
+un-synnum, adv. instr. pl., _guiltlessly_, 1073.
+
+un-tæle, adj., _blameless_: acc. pl. un-tæle, 1866.
+
+un-tyder, st. m., _evil race, monster_: nom. pl. un-tydras, 111. [Cf. Ger.
+un-mensch.]
+
+un-wâclîc, adj., _that cannot be shaken; firm, strong_: acc. sg. âd ...
+un-wâclîcne, 3139.
+
+un-wearnum, adv. instr. pl., _unawares, suddenly_; (_unresistingly_?), 742.
+
+un-wrecen, pret. part., _unavenged_, 2444.
+
+up, adv., _up, upward_, 224, 519, 1374, 1620, 1913, 1921, 2894; (of the
+voice), þâ wäs ... wôp up âhafen, 128; so, 783.
+
+up-lang, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 760.
+
+uppe (adj., ûfe, ûffe), adv., _above_, 566.
+
+up-riht, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 2093.
+
+uton. See wuton.
+
+
+Û
+
+ûð-genge, adj., _transitory, evanescent, ready to depart_, (_fled_?): þær
+wäs Äsc-here ... feorh ûð-genge, 2124.
+
+ûs, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of we (see we), _us, to us_, 1822, 2636,
+2643, 2921, 3002, 3079; acc. (poetic), ûsic, 2639, 2641, 2642;--gen. ûre:
+ûre æg-hwylc (_each of us_), 1387; ûser, 2075.
+
+ûser, possess, pron.: nom. sg. ûre man-drihten, 2648; dat. sg. ûssum
+hlâforde, 2635; gen. sg. neut. ûsses cynnes, 2814; dat. pl. ûrum ... bâm
+(_to us both, two_) (for unc bâm), 2660.
+
+ût, adv., _out_, 215, 537, 664, 1293, 1584, 2082, 2558, 3131.
+
+ûtan, adv., _from without, without_, 775, 1032, 1504, 2335.
+
+ût-fûs, adj., _ready to go_: nom. sg. hringed-stefna îsig and ût-fûs, 33.
+
+ût-weard, adj., _outward, outside, free_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel) wäs
+ût-weard, 762.
+
+ûtan-weard, adj., _without, outward, from without_: acc. sg. hlæw ... ealne
+ûtan-weardne, 2298.
+
+
+W
+
+*wacan, st. v., _to awake, arise, originate_: pret. sg. þanon (from Cain)
+wôc fela geó-sceaft-gâsta, 1266; so, 1961; pl. þâm feówer bearn ... in
+worold wôcun, 60.
+
+*on-wacan: 1) _to awake_ (intrans.): pret. sg. þâ se wyrm on-wôc (_when the
+drake awoke_), 2288.--2) _to be born_: pret. sg. him on-wôc heáh Healfdene,
+56; pl. on-wôcon, 111.
+
+wacian, w. v., _to watch_: imper. sg. waca wið wrâðum! 661.
+
+wadan, st. v., (cf. wade, waddle) _to traverse; stride, go_: pret. sg. wôd
+þurh þone wäl-rêc, 2662; wôd under wolcnum (_stalked beneath the clouds_),
+715.
+
+ge-wadan, _to attain by moving, come to, reach_: pret. part. ôð þät ...
+wunden-stefna ge-waden häfde, þät þâ lîðende land ge-sâwon (_till the ship
+had gone so far that the sailors saw land_), 220.
+
+on-wadan, w. acc., _to invade, befall_: pret. sg. hine fyren on-wôd(?),
+916.
+
+þurh-wadan, _to penetrate, pierce_: pret. sg. þät swurd þurh-wôd wrät-lîcne
+wyrm, 891; so, 1568.
+
+wag, st. m., _wall_: dat. sg. on wage, 1663; dat. pl. äfter wagum (_along
+the walls_), 996.
+
+wala, w. m., _boss_: nom. pl. walan, 1032 (cf. Bouterwek in Haupt XI., 85
+seqq.).
+
+walda, w. m., _wielder, ruler_: in comp. an-, eal-walda.
+
+wald-swaðu, st. f., _forest-path_: dat. pl. äfter wald-swaðum (_along the
+wood-paths_), 1404.
+
+wam, wom, st. m., _spot, blot, sin_: acc. sg. him be-beorgan ne con wom
+(_cannot protect himself from evil_ or _from the evil strange orders_,
+etc.; wom = wogum? = _crooked_?), 1748; instr. pl. wommum, 3074.
+
+wan, won, adj., _wan, lurid, dark_: nom. sg, ýð-geblond ... won (_the dark
+waves_), 1375; se wonna hrefn (_the black raven_), 3025; wonna lêg (_lurid
+flame_), 3116; dat. sg. f. on wanre niht, 703; nom. pl. neut. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu ... wan, 652.
+
+wang, st. m., _mead, field; place_: acc. sg. wang, 93, 225; wong, 1414,
+2410, 3074; dat. sg. wange, 2004; wonge, 2243, 3040; acc. pl. wongas,
+2463.--Comp.: freoðo-, grund-, medo-, sæ-wang.
+
+wang-stede, st. m., (locus campestris), _spot, place_: dat. sg. wong-stede,
+2787.
+
+wan-hýd (for hygd), st. f., _heedlessness, recklessness_: dat. pl. for his
+won-hýdum, 434.
+
+wanian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to decrease, wane_: inf. þâ þät sweord ongan
+... wanian, 1608.--2) w. acc., _to cause to wane_ or _lessen_: pret. sg. he
+tô lange leóde mîne wanode, 1338.
+
+ge-wanian, _to decrease, diminish_: pret. part. is mîn flet-werod ...
+ge-wanod, 477.
+
+wan-sælig, adj., _unhappy, wretched_: nom. sg. won-sælig wer (Grendel),
+105.
+
+wan-sceaft, st. f., _misery, want_: acc. sg. won-sceaft, 120.
+
+warian, w. v. w. acc., _to occupy, guard, possess_: pres. sg. III. þær he
+hæðen gold warað (_where he guards heathen gold_), 2278; pl. III. hie
+(Grendel and his mother) dýgel land warigeað, 1359; pret. sg. (Grendel)
+goldsele warode, 1254; (Cain) wêsten warode, 1266.
+
+waroð, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. tô waroðe, 234; acc. pl. wide waroðas,
+1966.
+
+waru, st. f., _inhabitants_, (collective) _population_: in comp. land-waru.
+
+wâ, interj., _woe!_ wâ bið þäm þe... (_woe to him that..._), 183.
+
+wâðu, st. f., _way, journey_: in comp. gamen-wâðu.
+
+wânian, w. v., _to weep, whine, howl_, w. acc.: inf. gehýrdon ... sâr
+wânigean helle häftan (_they heard the hell-fastened one lamenting his
+pain_), 788; pret. sg. [wânode], 3152(?).
+
+wât. See witan.
+
+wäcean, w. v., _to watch_: pret. part wäccende, 709, 2842; acc. sg. m.
+wäccendne wer, 1269. See wacian.
+
+wäcnan, w. v., _to be awake, come forth_: inf., 85.
+
+wäd, st. n., (the moving) _sea, ocean_: nom. wado weallende, 546; wadu
+weallendu, 581; gen. pl. wada 508.
+
+wäfre, adj., _wavering_ (like flame), _ghostlike, without distinct bodily
+form_: nom. sg. wäl-gæst wäfre (of Grendel's mother), 1332;--_flickering,
+expiring_: nom. sg. wäfre môd, 1151; him wäs geômor sefa, wäfre and
+wäl-fûs, 2421.
+
+be-wägnan, w. v., _to offer_: pret part, him wäs ... freónd-laðu wordum
+be-wägned, 1194.
+
+wäl, st. n., _battle, slaughter, the slain in battle_: acc. sg. wäl, 1213,
+3028, blôdig wäl, 448; oððe on wäl crunge (_or in battle, among the slain,
+fall_), 636; dat. sg. sume on wäle crungon (_some fell in the slaughter_),
+1114; dat. sg. in Fr...es wäle (proper name in MS. destroyed), 1071; nom.
+pl. walu, 1043.
+
+wäl-bed, st. n., _slaughter-bed, deathbed_: dat. sg. on wäl-bedde, 965.
+
+wäl-bend, st. f., _death-bond_: acc. sg. or pl. wäl-bende ...
+hand-gewriðene, 1937.
+
+wäl-bleát, adj., _deadly, mortal, cruel_: acc. sg. wunde wäl-bleáte, 2726.
+
+wäl-deáð, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 696.
+
+wäl-dreór, st. m., _battle-gore_: instr. sg. wäl-dreóre, 1632.
+
+wäl-fâh, adj., _slaughter-stained, blood-stained_: acc. sg. wäl-fâgne
+winter, 1129.
+
+wäl-fähð, st. f., _deadly feud_: gen. pl. wäl-fæhða, 2029.
+
+wäl-feall, st. m., _(fall of the slain), death, destruction_: dat. sg. tô
+wäl-fealle, 1712.
+
+wäl-fûs, adj., _ready for death, foreboding death_: nom. sg., 2421.
+
+wäl-fyllo, st. f., _fill of slaughter_: dat. sg. mid þære wäl-fulle (i.e.
+the thirty men nightly slaughtered at Heorot by Grendel), 125; wäl-fylla?
+3155.
+
+wäl-fýr, st. n.: 1) _deadly fire_: instr. sg. wäl-fýre (of the fire-spewing
+dragon), 2583.--2) _corpse-consuming fire, funeral pyre_: gen. pl. wäl-fýra
+mæst, 1120.
+
+wäl-gæst, st. m., _deadly sprite_ (of Grendel and his mother): nom. sg.
+wäl-gæst, 1332; acc. sg. þone wäl-gæst, 1996.
+
+wäl-hlem, st. m., _death-stroke_: acc. sg. wäl-hlem þone, 1996.
+
+wälm, st. m., _flood, whelming water_: nom. sg. þære burnan wälm, 2547;
+gen. sg. þäs wälmes (_of the surf_), 2136.--Comp. cear-wälm.
+
+wäl-nîð, st. m., _deadly hostility_: nom. sg., 3001; dat. sg. äfter
+wäl-nîðe, 85; nom. pl. wäl-nîðas, 2066.
+
+wäl-râp, st. m., _flood-fetter, i.e. ice_: acc. pl. wäl-râpas, 1611; (cf.
+wäll, wel, wyll = _well, flood_: leax sceal on wäle mid sceóte scrîðan,
+Gnom. Cott. 39).
+
+wäl-ræs, st. m., _deadly onslaught_: nom. sg., 2948; dat. sg. wäl-ræse,
+825, 2532.
+
+wäl-rest, st. f., _death-bed_, acc. sg. wäl-reste, 2903.
+
+wäl-rêc, st. m., _deadly reek_ or _smoke_: acc. sg. wôd þâ þurh þone
+wäl-rêc, 2662.
+
+wäl-reáf, st, n., _booty of the slain, battle-plunder_: acc. sg., 1206.
+
+wäl-reów, adj., _bold in battle_: nom. sg., 630.
+
+wäl-sceaft, st. m., _deadly shaft, spear_: acc. pl. wäl-sceaftas, 398.
+
+wäl-seax, st. n., _deadly knife, war-knife_: instr. sg. wäll-seaxe, 2704.
+
+wäl-stenge, st. m., _battle-spear_: dat. sg. on þam wäl-stenge, 1639.
+
+wäl-stôw, st. f., _battle-field_: dat. sg. wäl-stôwe, 2052, 2985.
+
+wästm, st. m., _growth, form, figure_: dat. sg. on weres wästmum (_in man's
+form_), 1353.
+
+wäter, st. n., _water_: nom. sg., 93, 1417, 1515, 1632; acc. sg. wäter,
+1365, 1620; deóp wäter (_the deep_), 509, 1905; ofer wîd wäter (_over the
+high sea]_, 2474; dat. sg. äfter wätere _(along the Grendel-sea_), 1426;
+under wätere (_at the bottom of the sea_), 1657; instr. wätere, 2723;
+wätre, 2855; gen. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the surface of the sea_),
+471; on wäteres æht, 516; þurh wäteres wylm (_through the sea-wave_), 1694;
+gen. = instr. wäteres weorpan (_to sprinkle with water_), 2792.
+
+wäter-egesa, st. m., _water-terror_, i.e. _the fearful sea_: acc. sg., 1261
+
+wäter-ýð, st. f., _water-wave, billow_: dat. pl. wäter-ýðum, 2243.
+
+wæd, st. f., _(weeds), garment_: in comp. here-, hilde-wæd.
+
+ge-wæde, st. n., _clothing_, especially _battle-equipments_: acc. pl.
+gewædu, 292.--Comp. eorl-gewæde.
+
+wæg, st. m., _wave_: acc. sg. wæg, 3133.
+
+wæg-bora, w. m., _wave-bearer, swimmer_ (bearing or propelling the waves
+before him): nom. sg. wundorlîc wæg-bora (of a sea-monster), 1441.
+
+wæg-flota, w. m., _sea-sailer, ship_: acc. sg. wêg-flotan, 1908.
+
+wæg-holm, st. m., _the wave-filled sea_: acc. sg. ofer wæg-holm, 217.
+
+wæge, st. n., _cup, can_: acc. sg. fäted wæge, 2254, 2283.--Comp.: ealo-,
+lîð-wæge.
+
+wæg-lîðend, pres. part., _sea-farer_: dat. pl. wæg-lîðendum (et lîðendum,
+MS.), 3160.
+
+wæg-sweord, st. n., _heavy sword_: acc. sg., 1490.
+
+wæn, st. m., _wain, wagon_: acc. sg. on wæn, 3135.
+
+wæpen, st. n., _weapon; sword_: nom. sg., 1661; acc. sg. wæpen, 686, 1574,
+2520, 2688; instr. wæpne, 1665, 2966; gen. wæpnes, 1468; acc. pl. wæpen,
+292; dat. pl. wæpnum, 250, 331, 2039, 2396. --Comp.: hilde-, sige-wæpen.
+
+wæpned-man, st. m., _warrior, man_: dat. sg. wæpned-men, 1285.
+
+wær, st. f., _covenant, treaty_: acc. sg. wære, 1101;--_protection, care_:
+dat. sg. on freán (on þäs waldendes) wære (_into God's protection_), 27,
+3110.--Comp.: frioðo-wær.
+
+wæsma, w. m., _fierce strength, war-strength_: in comp. here-wæsma, 678.
+
+we, pers. pron., _we_, 942, 959, 1327, 1653, 1819, 1820, etc.
+
+web, st. n., _woven work, tapestry_:, nom. pl. web, 996.
+
+webbe, w. f., _webster, female weaver_: in comp. freoðu-webbe.
+
+weccan, weccean, w. v. w. acc., _to wake, rouse; recall_: inf. wîg-bealu
+weccan (_to stir up strife_), 2047; nalles hearpan swêg (sceal) wîgend
+weccean (_the sound of the harp shall not wake up the warriors_), 3025;
+ongunnon þâ ... bæl-fýra mæst wîgend weccan (_the warriors then began to
+start the mightiest of funeral pyres_), 3145; pret. sg. wehte hine wätre
+(_roused him with water_, i.e. Wîglâf recalled Beówulf to consciousness),
+2855.
+
+tô-weccan, _to stir up, rouse_: pret, pl. hû þâ folc mid him (_with one
+another_), fæhðe tô-wehton, 2949.
+
+wed, st. n., (cf. wed-ding), _pledge_: dat. sg. hyldo tô wedde (_as a
+pledge of his favor_), 2999.
+
+weder, st. n., _weather_: acc. pl. wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137; gen. pl.
+wedera cealdost, 546.
+
+ge-wef, st. n., _woof, weaving_: acc. pl. wîg-spêda ge-wiofu (_the woof of
+war-speed_: the battle-woof woven for weal or woe by the Walkyries; cf.
+Njals-saga, 158), 698.
+
+weg, st. m., _way_: acc. sg. on weg (_away, off_), 264, 764, 845, 1431,
+2097; gyf þu on weg cymest (_if thou comest off safe_, i.e. from the battle
+with Grendel's mother), 1383.--Comp.: feor-, fold-, forð-, wîd-weg.
+
+wegan, st. v. w. acc., _to bear, wear, bring, possess_: subj. pres. nâh hwâ
+sweord wege (_I have none that may bear the sword_), 2253; inf. nalles
+(sceal) eorl wegan mâððum tô ge-myndum (_no earl shall wear a memorial
+jewel_), 3016; pret. ind. he þâ frätwe wäg ... ofer ýða ful (_bore the
+jewels over the goblet of the waves_), 1208; wäl-seaxe ... þät he on byrnan
+wäg, 2705; heortan sorge wäg (_bore heart's sorrow_); so, 152, 1778, 1932,
+2781.
+
+ät-wegan = _auferre, to carry off_: syððan Hâma ät-wäg tô þære byrhtan
+byrig Brosinga mene (_since H. bore from the bright city the
+Brosing-collar_), 1199.
+
+ge-wegan (O.N. wega), _to fight_: inf. þe he wið þam wyrme ge-wegan
+sceolde, 2401.
+
+wel, adv.: 1) _well_: wel bið þäm þe ... (_well for him that ...!_), 186;
+se þe wel þenceð (_he that well thinketh, judgeth_), 289; so, 640, 1046,
+1822, 1834, 1952, 2602; well, 2163, 2813.--2) _very, very much_: Geát
+ungemetes wel ... restan lyste (_the Geat longed sorely to rest_),
+1793.--3) _indeed, to be sure_, 2571, 2856.
+
+wela, w. m., _wealth, goods, possessions_: in comp. ær-, burg-, hord-,
+mâððum-wela.
+
+wel-hwylc, indef. pron., = quivis, _any you please, any_ (each, all): gen.
+pl. wel-hwylcra wilna, 1345; w. partitive gen.: nom. sg. witena wel-hwylc,
+266;--substantively: acc. neut. wel-hwylc, 875.
+
+welig, adj., _wealthy, rich_: acc. sg. wîc-stede weligne Wægmundinga, 2608.
+
+wel-þungen, pres. part., _well-thriven_ (in mind), _mature, high-minded_:
+nom. sg. Hygd (wäs) swîðe geong, wîs, wel-þungen, 1928.
+
+wenian, w. v., _to accustom, attract, honor_: subj. pret. þät ...
+Folcwaldan sunu ... Hengestes heáp hringum wenede (_sh. honor_), 1092.
+
+be-(bi-)wenian, _entertain, care for, attend_: pret. sg. mäg þäs þonne
+of-þyncan þeóden Heaðo-beardna ... þonne he mid fæmnan on flet gæð,
+dryht-bearn Dena duguða bi-wenede (_may well displease the prince of the
+H.... when he with the woman goes into the hall, that a noble scion of the
+Danes should entertain, bear wine to, the knights_, cf. 494 seqq.; or, _a
+noble scion of the Danes should attend on her?_), 2036; pret. part. nom.
+pl. wæron her tela willum be-wenede, 1822.
+
+wendan, w. v., _to turn_: pres. sg. III. him eal worold wendeð on willan
+(_all the world turns at his will_), 1740.
+
+ge-wendan, w. acc.: l) _to turn, turn round_: pret. sg. wicg gewende
+(_turned his horse_), 315.--2) _to turn_ (intrans.), _change_: inf. wâ bið
+þäm þe sceal ... frôfre ne wênan, wihte ge-wendan (_woe to him that shall
+have no hope, shall not change at all_), 186.
+
+on-wendan, _to avert, set aside_: 1) w. acc.: inf. ne mihte snotor häleð
+weán on-wendan, 191.--2) intrans.: sibb æfre ne mäg wiht on-wendan þam þe
+wel þenceð (_in, to, him that is well thinking friendship can not be set
+aside_), 2602.
+
+wer, st. m., _man, hero_: nom. sg. (Grendel), 105; acc. sg. wer (Beówulf),
+1269, 3174; gen. sg. on weres wästmum (_in man's form_), 1353; nom. pl.
+weras, 216, 1223, 1234, 1441, 1651; dat. pl. werum, 1257; gen. pl. wera,
+120, 994, 1732, 3001; (MS. weora), 2948.
+
+wered, st. n., (as adj. = _sweet_), _a sort of beer_ (probably without hops
+or such ingredients): acc. sg. scîr wered, 496.
+
+were-feohte, f., _defensive fight, fight in self-defence_: dat. pl. for
+were-fyhtum (fere fyhtum, MS.), 457.
+
+werhðo, st. f., _curse, outlawry, condemnation_: acc. sg. þu in helle
+scealt werhðo dreógan, 590.
+
+werian, _to defend, protect_: w. vb., pres. sg. III. beaduscrûda ... þät
+mîne breóst wereð, 453; inf. wit unc wið hron-fixas werian þôhton, 541;
+pres. part. w. gen. pl. wergendra tô lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; pret.
+ind. wäl-reáf werede (_guarded the battle-spoil_), 1206; se hwîta helm
+hafelan werede (_the shining helm protected his head_), 1449; pl. hafelan
+weredon, 1328; pret. part. nom. pl. ge ... byrnum werede (_ye_ ...
+_corselet-clad_), 238, 2530.
+
+be-werian, _to protect, defend_: pret. pl. þät hie ... leóda land-geweorc
+lâðum be-weredon scuccum and scinnum (_that they the people's land-work
+from foes, from monsters and demons, might defend_), 939
+
+werig, adj., _accursed, outlawed_: gen. sg. wergan gâstes (Grendel), 133;
+(of the devil), 1748.
+
+werod, weorod, st. n., _band of men, warrior-troop_: nom. sg. werod, 652;
+weorod, 290, 2015, 3031; acc. sg. werod, 319; dat. instr. sg. weorode,
+1012, 2347; werede, 1216; gen. sg. werodes, 259; gen. pl. wereda, 2187;
+weoroda, 60.--Comp.: eorl-, flet-werod.
+
+wer-þeód, st. f., _people, humanity_: dat. sg. ofer wer-þeóde, 900.
+
+wesan, v., _to be_: pres. sg. I. ic eom, 335, 407; II. þu eart, 352, 506;
+III. is, 256, 272, 316, 343, 375, 473, etc.; nu is þînes mägenes blæd âne
+hwîle (_the prime [fame?] of thy powers lasteth now for a while_), 1762;
+ys, 2911, 3000, 3085; pl. I. we synt, 260, 342; II. syndon, 237, 393; III.
+syndon, 257, 361, 1231; synt, 364; sint, 388; subj. pres. sîe, 435, 683,
+etc.; sý, 1832, etc.; sig, 1779, etc.; imper. sg. II. wes, 269 (cf.
+wassail, wes hæl), 407, 1171, 1220, 1225, etc.; inf. wesan, 272, 1329,
+1860, 2709, etc. The inf. wesan must sometimes be supplied: nealles Hetware
+hrêmge þorfton (i.e. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2364; so, 2498, 2660, 618, 1858;
+pres. part. wesende, 46; dat. sg. wesendum, 1188; pret. sg. I., III. wäs,
+11, 12, 18, 36, 49, 53, etc.; wäs on sunde (_was a-swimming_), 1619; so,
+848, 850(?), 970, 981, 1293; progressive, wäs secgende (for sæde), 3029;
+II. wære, 1479, etc.; pl. wæron, 233, 536, 544, etc.; wæran (w. reflex,
+him), 2476; pret. subj. wære, 173, 203, 594, 946, etc.; progressive,
+myndgiend wære (for myndgie), 1106.--Contracted neg. forms: , nis = ne +
+is, 249, 1373, etc.; näs = ne + wäs, 134, 1300, 1922, 2193, etc. (cf.
+uncontracted: ne wäs, 890, 1472); næron = ne + wæron, 2658; nære = ne +
+wære, 861, 1168. See cniht-wesende.
+
+wêg. See wæg.
+
+wên, st. f., _expectation, hope_: nom. sg., 735, 1874, 2324; nu is leódum
+wên orleg-hwîle (gen.) (_now the people have weening of a time of strife_),
+2911; acc. sg. þäs ic wên häbbe (_as I hope, expect_), 383; so, þäs þe ic
+[wên] hafo, 3001; wên ic talige, 1846; dat. pl. bega on wênum _(in
+expectation of both_, i.e. the death and the return of Beówulf), 2896. See
+or-wêna.
+
+wênan, w. v., _to ween, expect, hope_: 1) absolutely; pres. sg. I. þäs ic
+wêne (_as I hope_), 272; swâ ic þe wêne tô _(as I hope thou wilt_: Beówulf
+hopes Hrôðgâr will now suffer no more pain), 1397.--2) w. gen. or acc.
+pres. sg. I. þonne wêne ic tô þe wyrsan ge-þinges, 525; ic þær heaðu-fýres
+hâtes wêne, 2523; III. secce ne wêneð to Gâr Denum (_weeneth not of contest
+with the Gar-Danes_), 601; inf. (beorhtre bôte) wênan (_to expect, count
+on, a brilliant_ [? _a lighter penalty_] _atonement_), 157; pret. pl. þäs
+ne wêndon ær witan Scyldinga þät ... _the wise men of the Scyldings weened
+not of this before, that_...), 779; þät hig þäs äðelinges eft ne wêndon þät
+he ... sêcean côme _(that they looked not for the atheling again that he_
+... _would come to seek_ ...), 1598.--3) w. acc. inf.: pret. sg. wênde,
+934.--4) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I. wêne ic þät..., 1185; wên' ic
+þät..., 338, 442; pret. sg. wênde, 2330; pl. wêndon, 938, 1605.
+
+wêpan, st. v., _to weep_: pret. sg. [weóp], 3152 (?).
+
+werig, adj., _weary, exhausted_, w. gen.: nom. sg. siðes wêrig (_weary from
+the journey, way-weary_), 579; dat. sg. siðes wêrgum, 1795;--w. instr.:
+acc. pl. wundum wêrge _(wound-weary_), 2938.--Comp.: deáð-, fyl-,
+gûð-wêrig.
+
+ge-werigean, w. v., _to weary, exhaust_: pret. part. ge-wêrgad, 2853.
+
+wêrig-môd, adj., _weary-minded (animo defessus)_: nom. sg., 845, 1544.
+
+wêste, adj., _waste, uninhabited_: acc. sg. win-sele wêstne, 2457.
+
+wêsten, st. n., _waste, wilderness_: acc. sg. wêsten, 1266.
+
+wêsten, st. f., _waste, wilderness_: dat. sg. on þære wêstenne, 2299.
+
+weal, st. m.: 1 _wall, rampart_: dat. instr. sg. wealle, 786, 892, 3163;
+gen. sg. wealles, 2308.--2) _elevated sea-shore_: dat. sg. of wealle, 229;
+acc. pl. windige weallas, 572, 1225.--3) _wall of a building_: acc, sg. wið
+þäs recedes weal, 326; dat. sg. be wealle, 1574; hence, the inner and outer
+rock-walls of the dragon's lair (cf. Heyne's essay: Halle Heorot, p. 59):
+dat. sg., 2308, 2527, 2717, 2760, 3061, 3104; gen. sg. wealles,
+2324.--Comp.: bord-, eorð-, sæ-, scyld-weal.
+
+ge-wealc, st. n., _rolling_: acc. sg. ofer ýða ge-wealc, 464.
+
+ge-weald, st. n., _power, might_: acc. sg. on feónda ge-weald _(into the
+power of his foes_), 809, 904; so, 1685; geweald âgan, häbban, â-beódan (w.
+gen. of object = _to present) = to have power over_, 79, 655, 765, 951,
+1088, 1611, 1728. See on-weald.
+
+wealdan, st. v., _to wield, govern, rule over, prevail_: 1) absolutely or
+with depend, clause: inf. gif he wealdan môt (_if he may prevail_), 442;
+þær he ... wealdan môste swâ him Wyrd ne ge-scrâf (_if [where?] he was to
+prevail, as Weird had not destined for him_), 2575; pres. part. waldend
+(_God_), 1694; dat. wealdende, 2330; gen. waldendes, 2293, 2858, 3110.--2)
+with instr. or dat.: inf. þâm wæpnum wealdan (_to wield, prevail with, the
+weapons_), 2039; Geátum wealdan (_to rule the Geátas_), 2391; þeáh-hordum
+wealdan (_to rule over, control, the treasure of rings_), 2828; wäl-stôwe
+wealdan (_to hold the field of battle_), 2985; pret. sg. weóld, 465, 1058,
+2380, 2596; þenden wordum weóld wine Scyldinga (_while the friend of the S.
+ruled the G._), 30; pl. weóldon, 2052.--3) with gen.: pres. sg. I. þenden
+ic wealde wîdan rîces, 1860; pres. part. wuldres wealdend(waldend), 17,
+183, 1753; weard, 2514; the _'dragon_ is called ylda waldend, 1662; waldend
+fira, 2742; sigora waldend, 2876 (designations of God); pret. sg. weóld,
+703, 1771.
+
+ge-wealdan, _to wield, have power over, arrange_: 1) w. acc.: pret. sg.
+hâlig god ge-weóld wîg-sigor, 1555.--2) w. dat.: pret. cyning ge-weóld his
+ge-witte (_the king possessed his senses_), 2704.--3) w. gen.: inf. he ne
+mihte nô ... wæpna ge-wealdan, 1510.
+
+ge-wealden, pret. part., _subject, subjected_: acc. pl. gedêð him swâ
+gewealdene worolde dælas, 1733.
+
+weallan, st. v.: 1) _to toss, be agitated_ (of the sea): pres. part. nom.
+pl. wadu weallende (weallendu), 546, 581; nom. sg. brim weallende, 848;
+pret. ind. weól, 515, 850, 1132; weóll, 2139.--2) figuratively (of
+emotions), _to be agitated_: pres. pl. III. syððan Ingelde weallað
+wäl-nîðas (_deadly hate thus agitates Ingeld_), 2066; pres. part.
+weallende, 2465; pret. sg. hreðer inne weóll (_his heart was moved within
+him_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll (_his breast_ [the dragon's] _swelled from
+breathing, snorting_), 2594; breóst innan weóll þeóstrum ge-þoncum, 2332;
+so, weóll, 2600, 2715, 2883.
+
+weall-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer weall-clif, 3133.
+
+weallian, w. v., _to wander, rove about_: pres. part. in comp.
+heoro-weallende, 2782.
+
+weard, st. m., _warden, guardian; owner_: nom. sg. weard Scyldinga (_the
+Scyldings' warden of the march_), 229; weard, 286, 2240; se weard, sâwele
+hyrde, 1742; the _king_ is called beáh-horda weard, 922; rîces weard, 1391;
+folces weard, 2514; the _dragon_ is called weard, 3061; weard un-hióre,
+2414; beorges weard, 2581; acc. sg, weard, 669; (dragon), 2842; beorges
+weard (dragon), 2525, 3067.--Comp.: bât-, êðel-, gold-, heáfod-, hord-,
+hýð-, land-, rên-, sele-, yrfe-weard.
+
+weard, st. m., _possession_ (Dietrich in Haupt XI., 415): in comp.
+eorð-weard, 2335.
+
+weard, st. f., _watch, ward_: acc. sg. wearde healdan, 319; wearde heóld,
+305.--Comp. æg-weard.
+
+weard, adj., _-ward_: in comp. and-, innan-, ût-weard, 1288, etc.
+
+weardian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to watch, guard, keep_: inf. he his folme
+forlêt tô lîf-wraðe, lâst weardian (_Grendel left his hand behind as a
+life-saver, to guard his track_ [Kemble]), 972; pret. sg. him sió swîðre
+swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte (_his right hand kept guard for him in H._,
+i.e. showed that he had been there), 2099; sg. for pl. hýrde ic þät þâm
+frätwum feówer mearas lungre gelîce last weardode (_I heard that four
+horses, quite alike, followed in the traces of the armor_), 2165.--2) _to
+hold, possess, inhabit_: pret. sg. fîfel-cynnes eard ... weardode (_dwelt
+in the abode of the sea-fiends_), 105; reced weardode un-rîm eorla (_an
+immense number of earls held the hall_), 1238; pl. þær we gesunde säl
+weardodon, 2076.
+
+wearh, st. m., _the accursed one; wolf_: in comp. heoro-wearg, 1268.
+
+wearn, st. f.: 1) _resistance, refusal_, 366.--2) _warning?, resistance?_
+See un-wearnum, 742.
+
+weaxan, st. v., _to wax, grow_: pres. sg. III. ôð þät him on innan
+ofer-hygda dæl weaxeð (_till within him pride waxeth_), 1742; inf. weaxan,
+3116; pret. sg. weôx, 8.
+
+ge-weaxan, _to grow up_: pret. sg. oft þät seó geogoð ge-weôx, 66.
+
+ge-weaxan to, _to grow to_ or _for something_: pret. sg. ne ge-weôx he him
+to willan (_grew not for their benefit_), 1712.
+
+weá, w. m., _woe, evil, misfortune_: nom. sg., 937; acc. sg. wean, 191,
+423, 1207, 1992, 2293, 2938; gen. pl. weána, 148, 934, 1151, 1397.
+
+weá-lâf, st. f., _wretched remnant_: acc. pl. þâ weá-lâfe (_the wretched
+remnant_, i.e. Finn's almost annihilated band), 1085, 1099.
+
+weá-spel, st. n., _woe-spell, evil tidings_: dat. sg. weá-spelle, 1316.
+
+ge-weoldum. See ge-wild.
+
+weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, labor, deed_: acc. sg., 74; (_war-deed_), 1657;
+instr. sg. weorce, 1570; dat. pl. weorcum, 2097; wordum ne (and) worcum,
+1101, 1834; gen. pl. worda and worca, 289.--2) _work, trouble, suffering_:
+acc. sg. þäs gewinnes weorc (_misery on account of this strife_), 1722;
+dat. pl. adv. weorcum (_with labor_), 1639.--Comp.: bædo-, ellen-, heaðo-,
+niht-weorc.
+
+ge-weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, deed, labor_: nom. acc. sg., 455, 1563, 1682,
+2718, 2775; gen. sg. ge-weorces, 2712. Comp.: ær-, fyrn-, gûð-, hond-,
+nîð-ge-weorc.--2) _fortification, rampart_: in comp. land-geweorc, 939.
+
+weorce, adj., _painful, bitter_: nom. sg., 1419.
+
+weorð, st. n., _precious object, valuable_: dat. sg. weorðe, 2497.
+
+weorð, adj., _dear, precious_: nom. sg. weorð Denum äðeling (_the atheling
+dear to the Danes_, Beówulf), 1815; compar. nom. sg. þät he syððan wäs ...
+mâðme þý weorðra (_more honored from the jewel_), 1903; cf. wyrðe.
+
+weorðan, st. v.: 1) _to become_: pres. sg. III. beholen weorðeð (_is
+concealed_), 414; underne weorðeð (_becomes known_), 2914; so, pl. III.
+weorðað, 2067; wurðað, 282; inf. weorðan, 3179; wurðan, 808; pret. sg. I.,
+III. wearð, 6, 77, 149, 409, 555, 754, 768, 819, 824, etc.; pl. wurdon,
+228; subj. pret. wurde, 2732.--2) inf. to frôfre weorðan (_to become a
+help_), 1708; pret. sg. wearð he Heaðolâfe tô hand-bonan, 460; so, wearð,
+906, 1262; ne wearð Heremôd swâ (i.e. to frôfre) eaforum Ecgwelan, 1710;
+pl. wurdon, 2204; subj. pret. sg. II. wurde, 588.--3) pret. sg. þät he on
+fylle wearð (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.--4) _to happen, befall_: inf.
+unc sceal weorðan ... swâ unc Wyrd ge-teóð (_it shall befall us two as Fate
+decrees_), 2527; þurh hwät his worulde gedâl weorðan sceolde, 3069; pret.
+sg. þâ þær sôna wearð ed-hwyrft eorlum (_there was soon a renewal to the
+earls_, i.e. of the former perils), 1281.
+
+ge-weorðan: 1) _to become_: pret. sg. ge-wearð, 3062; pret. part. cearu wäs
+geniwod ge-worden (_care was renewed_), 1305; swâ us ge-worden is,
+3079.--2) _to finish; complete?_: inf. þät þu ... lête Sûð-Dene sylfe
+ge-weorðan gûðe wið Grendel (_that thou wouldst let the S. D. put an end to
+their war with Grendel_), 1997.--3) impersonally with acc., _to agree,
+decide_: pret. sg. þâ þäs monige ge-wearð þät ... (_since many agreed that_
+...), 1599; pret. part. hafað þäs ge-worden wine Scyldinga, rîces hyrde,
+and þät ræd talað þät he ... (_therefore hath it so appeared(?) advisable
+to the friend of the S., the guardian of the realm, and he counts it a gain
+that_ ...), 2027.
+
+weorð-ful, adj., _glorious, full of worth_: nom. sg. weorð-fullost, 3100.
+
+weorðian, w. v., _to honor, adorn_: pret. sg. þær ic ... þîne leóde
+weorðode weorcum (_there honored I thy people by my deeds_), 2097; subj.
+pret. (þät he) ät feoh-gyftum ... Dene weorðode (_that he would honor the
+Danes at, by, treasure-giving_), 1091.
+
+ge-weorðian, ge-wurðian, _to deck, ornament_: pret. part. hire syððan wäs
+äfter beáh-þege breóst ge-weorðod, 2177; wæpnum ge-weorðad, 250; since
+ge-weorðad, 1451; so, ge-wurðad, 331, 1039, 1646; wide ge-weorðad (_known,
+honored, afar_), 1960.
+
+weorð-lîce, adv., _worthily, nobly_: superl. weorð-lîcost, 3163.
+
+weorð-mynd, st. f. n., _dignity, honor, glory_: nom. sg., 65; acc. sg.
+geseah þâ eald sweord ..., wîgena weorðmynd (_saw an ancient sword there,
+the glory of warriors_), 1560; dat. instr. pl. weorð-myndum, 8; tô
+worð-myndum, 1187; gen. pl. weorð-mynda dæl, 1753.
+
+weorðung, st. f., _ornament_: in comp. breóst-, hâm-, heorft-, hring-,
+wîg-weorðung.
+
+weorod. See werod.
+
+weorpan, st. v.: 1) _to throw, cast away_, w. acc.: pret. sg. wearp þâ
+wunden-mæl wrättum gebunden yrre oretta, þät hit on eorðan läg (_the
+wrathful warrior threw the ornamented sword, that it lay on the earth_),
+1532.--2) _to throw around_ or _about_, w. instr.: pret. sg. beorges weard
+. .. wearp wäl-fýre (_threw death-fire around_), 2583.--3) _to throw upon_:
+inf. he hine eft ongan wäteres (instr. gen.) weorpan (_began to cast water
+upon him again_), 2792.
+
+for-weorpan, w. acc., _to cast away, squander_: subj. pret. þät he genunga
+gûð-gewædu wrâðe for-wurpe (_that he squandered uselessly the
+battle-weeds_, i.e. gave them to the unworthy), 2873.
+
+ofer-weorpan, _to stumble_: pret. sg. ofer-wearp þâ ... wîgena strongest,
+1544.
+
+weotian, w. v., _to provide with, adjust_(?): pret. part. acc. pl.
+wäl-bende weotode, 1937.
+
+be-weotian, be-witian, w. v. w. acc., _to regard, observe, care for_: pres.
+pl. III. be-witiað, 1136; pret. sg. þegn ... se þe ... ealle be-weotede
+þegnes þearfe (_who would attend to all the needs of a thane_), 1797; draca
+se þe ... hord be-weotode (_the drake that guarded a treasure_), 2213;--_to
+carry out, undertake_: pres. pl. III. þâ ... oft be-witigað sorh-fulne sîð
+on segl-râde, 1429.
+
+wicg, st. n., _steed, riding-horse_: nom. sg., 1401; acc. sg. wicg, 315;
+dat. instr. sg. wicge, 234; on wicge, 286; acc. pl. wicg, 2175; gen. pl.
+wicga, 1046.
+
+ge-widor, st. n., _storm, tempest_: acc. pl. lâð ge-widru (_loathly
+weather_), 1376.
+
+wið prep. w. dat. and acc., with fundamental meanings of division and
+opposition: 1) w. dat., _against, with_ (in hostile sense), _from_: þâ wið
+gode wunnon, 113; âna (wan) wið eallum, 145; ymb feorh sacan, lâð wið
+lâðum, 440; so, 426, 439, 550, 2372, 2521, 2522, 2561, 2840, 3005; þät him
+holt-wudu ... helpan ne meahte, lind wið lîge, 2342; hwät ... sêlest wære
+wið fær-gryrum tô ge-fremmanne, 174; þät him gâst-bona geóce gefremede wið
+þeód-þreáum, 178; wið rihte wan (_strove against right_), 144; häfde ...
+sele Hrôðgâres ge-nered wið nîðe (_had saved H.'s hall from strife_), 828;
+(him dyrne langað ...) beorn wið blôde (_the hero longeth secretly contrary
+to his blood_, i.e. H. feels a secret longing for the non-related Beówulf),
+1881; sundur ge-dælan lîf wið lîce (_to sunder soul from body_), 2424;
+streámas wundon sund wið sande (_the currents rolled the sea against the
+sand_), 213; lîg-ýðum forborn bord wið ronde (rond, MS.) (_with waves of
+flame burnt the shield against, as far as, the rim_), 2674; holm storme
+weól, won wið winde (_the sea surged, wrestled with the wind_), 1133; so,
+hiora in ânum weóll sefa wið sorgum (_in one of them surged the soul with
+sorrow_ [_against_?, Heyne]), 2601; þät hire wið healse heard grâpode
+(_that the sharp sword bit against her neck_), 1567.--2) w. acc.: a)
+_against, towards_: wan wið Hrôðgâr (_fought against H._), 152; wið feónda
+gehwone, 294; wið wrâð werod, 319; so, 540, 1998, 2535; hine hâlig god ûs
+on-sende wið Grendles gryre, 384; þät ic wið þone gûð-flogan gylp
+ofer-sitte (_that I refrain from boastful speech against the
+battle-flier_), 2529; ne wolde wið manna ge-hwone ... feorh-bealo feorran
+(_would not cease his life-plotting against any of the men_; or, _withdraw
+life-bale from_, etc.? or, _peace would not have with any man..., mortal
+bale withdraw_?, Kemble), 155; ic þâ leóde wât ge wið feónd ge wið freónd
+fäste geworhte (_towards foe and friend_), 1865; heóld heáh-lufan wið
+häleða brego (_cherished high love towards the prince of heroes_), 1955;
+wið ord and wið ecge ingang forstôd (_prevented entrance to spear-point and
+sword-edge_), 1550. b) _against, on, upon, in_: setton sîde scyldas ... wið
+þäs recedes weal (_against the wall of the hall_), 326; wið eorðan fäðm
+(eardodon) (_in the bosom of the earth_), 3050; wið earm ge-sät (_sat on,
+against, his arm_), 750; so, stîð-môd ge-stôd wið steápne rond, 2567; [wið
+duru healle eode] (_went to the door of the hall_), 389; wið Hrefna-wudu
+(_over against, near, H._), 2926; wið his sylfes sunu setl ge-tæhte
+(_showed me to a seat with, near, beside, his own son_), 2014. c) _towards,
+with_ (of contracting parties): þät hie healfre ge-weald wið Eotena bearn
+âgan môston (_that they power over half the hall with the Eotens' sons were
+to possess_), 1089; þenden he wið wulf wäl reáfode (_whilst with the wolf
+he was robbing the slain_), 3028.--3) Alternately with dat. and acc.,
+_against_: nu wið Grendel sceal, wið þam aglæcan, âna gehegan þing wið
+þyrse, 424-426;--_with, beside_: ge-sät þâ wið sylfne..., mæg wið mæge,
+1978-79.
+
+wiðer-gyld, st. n., _compensation_: nom. sg., 2052, [proper name?].
+
+wiðer-rähtes, adv., _opposite, in front of_, 3040.
+
+wiðre, st. n., _resistance_: gen. sg. wiðres ne trûwode, 2954.
+
+wig-weorðung, st. f., _idol-worship, idolatry, sacrifice to idols_: acc.
+pl. -weorðunga, 176.
+
+wiht, st. f.: 1) _wight, creature, demon_: nom. sg. wiht unhælo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120; acc. sg. syllîcran wiht (the dragon),
+3039.--2) _thing, something, aught_: nom. sg. w. negative, ne hine wiht
+dweleð (_nor does aught check him_), 1736; him wiht ne speów (_it helped
+him naught_), 2855; acc. sg. ne him þäs wyrmes wîg for wiht dyde (_nor did
+he count the worm's warring for aught_), 2349; ne meahte ic ... wiht
+gewyrcan _(I could not do aught_ ...), 1661;--w. partitive gen.: nô ...
+wiht swylcra searo-niða, 581;--the acc. sg. = adv. like Germ. _nicht_: ne
+hie hûru wine-drihten wiht ne lôgon (_did not blame their friendly lord
+aught_), 863; so, ne wiht = _naught, in no wise_, 1084, 2602, 2858; nô
+wiht, 541; instr. sg. wihte (_in aught, in any way_), 1992; ne ... wihte
+(_by no means_), 186, 2278, 2688; wihte ne, 1515, 1996, 2465, 2924.--Comp.:
+â-wiht (âht = _aught_), äl-wiht, ô-wiht.
+
+wil-cuma, w. m., _one welcome_ (qui gratus advenit): nom. pl. wil-cuman
+Denigea leódum (_welcome to the people of the Danes_), 388; so, him (the
+lord of the Danes) wil-cuman, 394; wil-cuman Wedera leódum (_welcome to the
+Geátas_), 1895.
+
+ge-wild, st. f., _free-will_? dat. pl. nealles mid ge-weoldum (_sponte,
+voluntarily_, Bugge), 2223.
+
+wil-deór (for wild-deór), st. n., _wild beast_: acc. pl. wil-deór, 1431.
+
+wil-gesîð, st. m., _chosen_ or _willing companion_: nom. pl. -ge-sîðas, 23.
+
+wil-geofa, w. m., _ready giver_ (= voti largitor: princely designation),
+_joy-giver_?: nom. sg. wil-geofa Wedra leóda, 2901.
+
+willa, w. m.: 1) _will, wish, desire, sake_: nom. sg. 627, 825; acc. sg.
+willan, 636, 1740, 2308, 2410; instr. sg. ânes willan (_for the sake of
+one_), 3078; so, 2590; dat. sg. tô willan, 1187, 1712; instr. pl. willum
+(_according to wish_), 1822; sylfes willum, 2224, 2640; gen. pl. wilna,
+1345.--2) _desirable thing, valuable_: gen. pl. wilna, 661, 951.
+
+willan, aux. v., _will_: in pres. also _shall_ (when the future action is
+depend. on one's free will): pres. sg. I. wille ic â-secgan (_I will set
+forth, tell out_), 344; so, 351, 427; ic tô sæ wille (_I will to sea_),
+318; wylle, 948, 2149, 2513; sg. II. þu wylt, 1853; sg. III. he wile, 346,
+446, 1050, 1182, 1833; wyle, 2865; wille, 442, 1004, 1185, 1395; ær he in
+wille (_ere he will in_, i.e. go or flee into the fearful sea), 1372;
+wylle, 2767; pl. I. we ... wyllað, 1819; pret. sg. I., III. wolde, 68, 154,
+200, 646, 665, 739, 756, 797, 881, etc.; nô ic fram him wolde (i.e.
+fleótan), 543; so, swâ he hira mâ wolde (i.e. â-cwellan), 1056; pret. pl.
+woldon, 482, 2637, 3173; subj. pret., 2730.--Forms contracted w. negative:
+pres. sg. I. nelle (= ne + wille, _I will not_, nolo), 680, 2525(?); pret.
+sg. III. nolde (= ne + wolde), 792, 804, 813, 1524; w. omitted inf. þâ
+metod nolde, 707, 968; pret. subj. nolde, 2519.
+
+wilnian, w. v., _to long for, beseech_: inf. wel bið þäm þe môt ... tô
+fäder fäðmum freoðo wilnian (_well for him that may beseech protection in
+the Father's arms_), 188.
+
+wil-sîð, st. m., _chosen journey_: acc. sg. wil-sîð, 216.
+
+ge-win, st. n.: 1) _strife, struggle, enmity, conflict_: acc. sg., 878; þâ
+hie ge-win drugon (_endured strife_), 799; under ýða ge-win (_under the
+tumult of the waves_), 1470; gen. sg. þäs ge-winnes weorc (_misery for this
+strife_), 1722.--2) _suffering, oppression_: nom. sg., 133, 191; acc. sg.
+eald ge-win, 1782.--Comp.: fyrn-, ýð-ge-win.
+
+wîn-ärn, st. n., _hall of hospitality, hall, wine-hall_: gen. sg.
+wîn-ärnes, 655.
+
+wind, st. m., _wind, storm_: nom. sg., 547, 1375, 1908; dat. instr. sg.
+winde, 217; wið winde, 1133.
+
+windan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to wind, whirl_: pret. sg. wand tô wolcnum
+wäl-fýra mæst, 1120.--2) w. acc., _to twist, wind, curl_: pret. pl.
+streámas wundon sund wið sande, 212; pret. part. wunden gold (_twisted,
+spirally-twined, gold_), 1194, 3135; instr. pl. wundnum (wundum, MS.)
+golde, 1383.
+
+ät-windan, _to wrest one's self from, escape_: pret. sg. se þäm feónde
+ät-wand, 143.
+
+be-windan, _to wind with_ or _round, clasp, surround, envelop_ (involvere):
+pret. sg. þe hit (the sword) mundum be-wand, 1462; pret. part. wîrum
+be-wunden (_wound with wires_) 1032; feorh ... flæsce be-wunden
+(_flesh-enclosed_), 2425; gâr ... mundum be-wunden (_a spear grasped with
+the hands_), 3023; iû-manna gold galdre be-wunden (_spell-encircled gold_),
+3053; (âstâh ...) lêg wôpe be-wunden (_uprose the flame mingled with a
+lament_), 3147.
+
+ge-windan, _to writhe, get loose, escape_: inf. wîdre ge-windan (_to flee
+further_), 764; pret. sg. on fleám ge-wand, 1002.
+
+on-windan, _to unwind, loosen_: pres. sg. (þonne fäder) on-windeð
+wäl-râpas, 1611.
+
+win-däg, st. m., _day of struggle_ or _suffering_: dat. pl. on þyssum
+win-dagum (_in these days of sorrow_, i.e. of earthly existence), 1063.
+
+wind-bland (blond), st. n., _wind-roar_: nom. sg., 3147.
+
+wind-gereste, f., _resting-place of the winds_: acc. sg., 2457.
+
+windig, adj., _windy_: acc. pl. windige (weallas, nässas), 572, 1359;
+windige weallas (wind geard weallas, MS.), 1225.
+
+wine, st. m., _friend, protector_, especially the _beloved ruler_: nom. sg.
+wine Scyldinga, leóf land-fruma (Scyld), 30; wine Scyldinga (Hrôðgâr), 148,
+1184. As vocative: mîn wine, 2048; wine mîn, Beówulf (Hunferð), 457, 530,
+1705; acc. sg. holdne wine (Hrôðgâr), 376; wine Deniga, Scyldinga, 350,
+2027; dat. sg. wine Scyldinga, 170; gen. sg. wines (Beówulf), 3097; acc.
+pl. wine, 21; dat. pl. Denum eallum, winum Scyldinga, 1419; gen. pl.
+winigea leásum, 1665; winia bealdor, 2568.--Comp.: freá-, freó-, gold-,
+gûð-, mæg-wine.
+
+wine-dryhten, st. m., (dominus amicus), _friendly lord, lord and friend_:
+acc. sg. wine-drihten, 863, 1605; wine-dryhten, 2723, 3177; dat. sg.
+wine-drihtne, 360.
+
+wine-geômor, adj., _friend-mourning_: nom. sg., 2240.
+
+wine-leás, adj., _friendless_: dat. sg. wine-leásum, 2614.
+
+wine-mæg, st. m., _dear kinsman_: nom. pl. wine-mâgas, 65.
+
+ge-winna, w. m., _striver, struggler, foe_: comp. eald-, ealdor-gewinna.
+
+winnan, st. v., _to struggle, fight_: pret. sg. III. wan âna wið eallum,
+144; Grendel wan ... wið Hrôðgâr, 151; holm ... won wið winde (_the sea
+fought with the wind_: cf. wan wind endi water, Heliand, 2244), 1133; II.
+eart þu se Beówulf, se þe wið Brecan wunne, 506; pl. wið gode wunnon, 113;
+þær þâ graman wunnon (_where the foes fought_), 778.
+
+wîn-reced, st. n., _wine-hall, guest-hall, house for entertaining guests_:
+acc. sg., 715, 994.
+
+wîn-sele, st. m., the same, _wine-hall_: nom. sg., 772; dat. sg. wîn-sele,
+696 (cf. Heliand Glossary, 369 [364]).
+
+winter, st. m. n.: 1) _winter_: nom. sg., 1133, 1137; acc. sg. winter,
+1129; gen. sg. wintres, 516.--2) _year_ (counted by winters): acc. pl.
+fîftig wintru (neut.), 2210; instr. pl. wintrum, 1725, 2115, 2278; gen. pl.
+wintra, 147, 264, 1928, 2279, 2734, 3051.
+
+wintre, adj., _so many winters_ (old): in comp. syfan-wintre.
+
+ge-wislîce, adv., _certainly, undoubtedly_: superl. gewislîcost, 1351.
+
+wist, st. f., fundamental meaning = _existentia_, hence: 1) _good
+condition, happiness, abundance_: dat. sg. wunað he on wiste, 1736.--2)
+_food, subsistence, booty_: dat. sg. þâ wäs äfter wiste wôp up â-hafen (_a
+cry was then uplifted after the meal_, i.e. Grendel's meal of thirty men),
+128.
+
+wist-fyllo, st. f., _fulness_ or _fill of food, rich meal_: gen. sg.
+wist-fylle, 735.
+
+wit, st. n., (wit), _understanding_: nom. sg., 590.--Comp.: fyr-, in-wit.
+
+ge-wit, st. n.: 1) _consciousness_. dat. sg. ge-weóld his ge-witte,
+2704.--2) _heart, breast_: dat. sg. fýr unswîðor weóll (_the fire surged
+less strongly from the dragon's breast_), 2883.
+
+wit, pers. pron. dual of we, _we two_, 535, 537, 539, 540, 544, 1187, etc.
+See unc, uncer.
+
+wita, weota, w. m., _counsellor, royal adviser_; pl., _the king's council
+of nobles_: nom. pl. witan, 779: gen. pl. witena, 157, 266, 937 weotena,
+1099.--Comp.: fyrn-, rûn-wita.
+
+witan, pret.-pres. v., _to wot, know_. 1) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I.,
+III. wât, 1332, 2657; ic on Higelâce wât þät he ... (_I know as to H., that
+he_ ...), 1831; so, god wât on mec þät ...(_God knows of me, that_ ...),
+2651; sg. II. þu wâst, 272; weak pret. sg. I., III. wiste, 822; wisse,
+2340, 2726; pl. wiston, 799, 1605; subj. pres. I. gif ic wiste, 2520.--2)
+w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. I. ic wât, 1864.--3) w. object, predicative
+part, or adj.: pret. sg. III. tô þäs he win-reced ... gearwost wisse,
+fättum fâhne, 716; so, 1310; wiste þäm ahlæcan hilde ge-binged, 647.--4) w.
+acc., _to know_: inf. witan, 252, 288; pret. sg. wisse, 169; wiste his
+fingra ge-weald on grames grâpum, 765; pl. II. wisson, 246; wiston, 181.
+
+nât = ne + wât, _I know not_: 1) elliptically with hwylc, indef. pronoun =
+_some or other_: sceaða ic nât hwylc.--2) w. gen. and depend. clause: nât
+he þâra gôda, þät he me on-geán sleá, 682.
+
+ge-witan, _to know, perceive_: inf. þäs þe hie gewis-lîcost ge-witan
+meahton, 1351.
+
+be-witian. See be-weotian.
+
+witig, adj., _wise, sagacious_: nom. sg. witig god, 686, 1057; witig
+drihten (God), 1555; wittig drihten, 1842.
+
+ge-wittig, adj., _conscious_: nom. sg. 3095.
+
+ge-witnian, w. v., _to chastise, punish_: wommum gewitnad (_punished with
+plagues_), 3074.
+
+wîc, st. n., _dwelling, house_: acc. sg. wîc, 822, 2590;--often in pl.
+because houses of nobles were complex: dat. wîcum, 1305, 1613, 3084; gen.
+wîca, 125, 1126.
+
+ge-wîcan, st. v., _to soften, give way, yield_ (here chiefly of swords):
+pret. sg. ge-wâc, 2578, 2630.
+
+wîc-stede, st. m., _dwelling-place_: nom. sg. 2463; acc. sg. wîc-stede,
+2608.
+
+wîd, adj., _wide, extended_: 1) space: acc. sg. neut. ofer wîd wäter, 2474;
+gen. sg. wîdan rîces, 1860; acc. pl. wîde sîðas, waroðas, 878, 1966.--2)
+temporal: acc. sg. wîdan feorh (acc. of time), 2015; dat. sg. tô wîdan
+feore, 934.
+
+wîde, adv., _widely, afar_, 18, 74, 79, 266, 1404, 1589, 1960, etc.; wîde
+cûð (_widely, universally, known_), 2136, 2924; so, underne wîde, 2914;
+wîde geond eorðan (_over the whole earth, widely_), 3100;--modifier of
+superl.: wreccena wîde mærost (_the most famous of wanderers, exiles_),
+899.--Compar. wîdre, 764.
+
+wîd-cûð, adj., _widely known, very celebrated_: nom. sg. neut., 1257; acc.
+sg. m. wîd-cûðne man (Beówulf), 1490; wîd-cûðne weán, 1992; wîd-cûðes
+(Hrôðgâr), 1043.
+
+wîde-ferhð, st. m. n., (_long life_), _great length of time_: acc. sg. as
+acc. of time: wîde-ferhð (_down to distant times, always_), 703, 938; ealne
+wîde-ferhð, 1223.
+
+wîd-floga, w. m., _wide-flier_ (of the dragon): nom. sg., 2831; acc. sg.
+wîd-flogan, 2347.
+
+wîd-scofen, pret. part., _wide-spread_? _causing fear far and wide_? 937.
+
+wîd-weg, st. m., _wide way, long journey_: acc. pl. wîd-wegas, 841, 1705.
+
+wîf, st. n., _woman, lady, wife_: nom. sg. freó-lîc wîf (Queen Wealhþeów),
+616; wîf un-hýre (Grendel's mother), 2121; acc. sg. drihtlîce wîf (Finn's
+wife), 1159; instr. sg. mid þý wîfe (Hrôðgâr's daughter, Freáwaru), 2029;
+dat. sg. þam wîfe (Wealhþeów), 640; gen. sg. wîfes (as opposed to _man_),
+1285; gen. pl. wera and wîfa, 994.--Comp.: aglæc-, mere-wîf.
+
+wîf-lufe, w. f., _wife-love, love for a wife, woman's love_: nom. pl.
+wîf-lufan, 2066.
+
+wîg, st. m.: 1) _war, battle_: nom. sg., 23, 1081, 2317, 2873; acc. sg.,
+686, 1084, 1248; dat. sg. wîge, 1338, 2630; as instr., 1085; (wigge, MS.),
+1657, 1771; gen. sg. wîges, 65, 887, 1269.--2) _valor, warlike prowess_:
+nom. sg. wäs his môd-sefa manegum ge-cýðed, wîg and wîsdôm, 350; wîg, 1043;
+wîg ... eafoð and ellen, 2349; gen. sg. wîges, 2324.--Comp. fêðe-wîg.
+
+wîga, w. m., _warrior, fighter_: nom. sg., 630; dat. pl. wîgum, 2396; gen.
+pl. wîgena, 1544, 1560, 3116.--Comp.: äsc-, byrn-, gâr-, gûð-, lind-,
+rand-, scyld-wîga.
+
+wîgan, st. v., _to fight_: pres. sg. III. wîgeð, 600; inf., 2510.
+
+wîgend, pres. part., _fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 3100; nom. pl. wîgend,
+1126, 1815, 3145; acc. pl. wîgend, 3025; gen. pl. wîgendra, 429, 900, 1973,
+2338.--Comp. gârwîgend.
+
+wîg-bealu, st. n., _war-bale, evil contest_: acc. sg., 2047.
+
+wîg-bil, st. n., _war-bill, battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1608.
+
+wîg-bord, st. n., _war-board_ or _shield_: acc. sg., 2340.
+
+wîg-cräft, st. m., _war-power_: acc. sg., 2954.
+
+wîg-cräftig, adj., _vigorous in fight, strong in war_: acc. sg.
+wîg-cräftigne (of the sword Hrunting), 1812.
+
+wîg-freca, w. m., _war-wolf, war-hero_: acc. sg. wîg-frecan, 2497; nom. pl.
+wîg-frecan, 1213.
+
+wîg-fruma, w. m., _war-chief_ or _king_: nom. sg., 665; acc. sg.
+wîg-fruman, 2262.
+
+wîg-geatwe, st. f. pl., _war-ornaments, war-gear_: dat. pl. on wîg-geatwum
+(-getawum, MS.), 368.
+
+wîg-ge-weorðad, pret. part., _war-honored, distinguished in war_, 1784? See
+Note.
+
+wîg-gryre, st. m., _war-horror_ or _terror_: nom. sg., 1285.
+
+wîg-hete, st. m., _war-hate, hostility_: nom. sg., 2121.
+
+wîg-heafola, w. m., _war head-piece, helmet_: acc. sg. wîg-heafolan,
+2662.--Leo.
+
+wîg-heáp, st. m., _war-band_: nom sg., 447.
+
+wîg-hryre, st. m., _war-ruin, slaughter, carnage_: acc. sg., 1620.
+
+wîg-sigor, st. m., _war-victory_: acc. sg., 1555.
+
+wîg-sped, st. f.?, _war-speed, success in war_: gen. pl. wîg-spêda, 698.
+
+wîn, st. n., _wine_: acc. sg., 1163, 1234; instr. wîne, 1468.
+
+wîr, st. n., _wire, spiral ornament of wire_: instr. pl. wîrum, 1032; gen.
+pl. wîra, 2414.
+
+wîs, adj., _wise, experienced, discreet_: nom. sg. m. wîs (_in his mind,
+conscious_), 3095; f. wîs, 1928; in w. form, se wîsa, 1401, 1699, 2330;
+acc. sg. þone wîsan, 1319; gen. pl. wîsra, 1414; w. gen. nom. sg. wîs
+wordcwida (_wise of speech_), 1846.
+
+wîsa, w. m., _guide, leader_: nom. sg. werodes wîsa, 259.--Comp.: brim-,
+here-, hilde-wîsa.
+
+wîscte. See wýscan.
+
+wîs-dôm, st. m., _wisdom, experience_: nom. sg., 350; instr. sg. wîs-dôme,
+1960.
+
+wîse, w. f., _fashion, wise, custom_: acc. sg. (instr.) ealde wîsan (_after
+ancient custom_), 1866.
+
+wîs-fäst, adj., _wise, sagacious_ (sapientiâ firmus): nom. sg. f., 627.
+
+wîs-hycgende, pres. part. _wise-thinking, wise_, 2717.
+
+wîsian, w. v., _to guide_ or _lead to, direct, point out_: 1) w. acc.: inf.
+heán wong wîsian, 2410; pret. sg. secg wîsade land-gemyrcu, 208.--2) w.
+dat.: pres. sg. I. ic eów wîsige (_I shall guide you_), 292, 3104; pret.
+sg. se þæm heaðo-rincum hider wîsade, 370; sôna him sele-þegn ... forð
+wîsade _(the hall-thane led him thither forthwith_, i.e. to his couch),
+1796; stîg wîsode gumum ät-gädere, 320; so, 1664.--3) w. prep.?: pret. sg.
+þâ secg wîsode under Heorotes hrôf (_when the warrior showed them the way
+under Heorot's roof_, [but under H.'s hrôf depends rather on snyredon
+ätsomne]), 402.
+
+wîtan, st. v., properly _to look at; to look at with censure, to blame,
+reproach, accuse_, w. dat. of pers. and acc. of thing: inf. for-þam me
+wîtan ne þearf waldend fira morðor-bealo mâga, 2742.
+
+ät-wîtan, _to blame, censure_ (cf. 'twit), w. acc. of thing: pret. pl.
+ät-witon weána dæl, 1151.
+
+ge-wîtan, properly _spectare aliquo; to go_ (most general verb of motion):
+1) with inf. after verbs of motion: pret. sg. þanon eft ge-wât ... tô hâm
+faran, 123; so, 2570; pl. þanon eft gewiton ... mearum rîdan, 854.
+Sometimes with reflex, dat.: pres. sg. him þâ Scyld ge-wât ... fêran on
+freán wære, 26; gewât him ... rîdan, 234; so, 1964; pl. ge-witon, 301.--2)
+associated with general infinitives of motion and aim: imper. pl. ge-wîtað
+forð beran wæpen and gewædu, 291; pret. sg. ge-wât þâ neósian heán hûses,
+115; he þâ fâg ge-wât ... man-dreám fleón, 1264; nyðer eft gewât dennes
+niósian, 3045; so, 1275, 2402, 2820. So, with reflex, dat.: him eft gewât
+... hâmes niósan, 2388; so, 2950; pl. ge-witon, 1126.--3) without inf. and
+with prep, or adv.: pres. sg. III. þær firgen-streám under nässa genipu
+niðer ge-wîteð, 1361; ge-wîteð on sealman, 2461; inf. on flôdes æht feor
+ge-wîtan, 42; pret. sg. ge-wât, 217; him ge-wât, 1237, 1904; of lîfe,
+ealdre ge-wât (_died_), 2472, 2625; fyrst forð ge-wât (_time went on_),
+210; him ge-wât ût of healle, 663; ge-wât him hâm, 1602; pret. part. dat.
+sg. me forð-ge-witenum (_me defuncto, I dead_), 1480.
+
+ôð-wîtan, _to blame, censure, reproach_: inf. ne þorfte him þâ leán
+ôð-wîtan mon on middan-gearde, 2997.
+
+wlanc, wlonc, adj., _proud, exulting_: nom. sg. wlanc, 341; w. instr. æse
+wlanc (_proud of, exulting in, her prey, meal_), 1333; wlonc, 331; w. gen.
+mâðm-æhta wlonc (_proud of the treasures_), 2834; gen. sg. wlonces,
+2954.--Comp. gold-wlanc.
+
+wlâtian, w. v., _to look_ or _gaze out, forth_: pret. sg. se þe ær ... feor
+wlâtode, 1917.
+
+wlenco, st. f., _pride, heroism_: dat. sg. wlenco, 338, 1207; wlence, 508.
+
+wlite, st. m. _form, noble form, look, beauty_: nom. sg., 250.
+
+wlite-beorht, adj., _beauteous, brilliant in aspect_: acc. sg.
+wlite-beorhtne wang, 93.
+
+wlite-seón, st. n. f., _sight, spectacle_: acc. sg., 1651.
+
+wlitig, adj., _beautiful, glorious, fair in form_: acc. sg. wlitig
+(sweord), 1663.
+
+wlîtan, st. v., _to see, look, gaze_: pret. sg. he äfter recede wlât
+(_looked along the hall_), 1573; pret. pl. on holm wliton (_looked on the
+sea_), 1593; wlitan on Wîglâf, 2853.
+
+geond-wlîtan, w. acc., _to examine, look through, scan_: inf. wräte
+giond-wlîtan, 2772.
+
+woh-bogen, pret. part., (_bent crooked), crooked, twisted_: nom. sg. wyrm
+woh-bogen, 2828.
+
+wolcen, st. n. m., _cloud_ (cf. welkin): dat. pl. under wolcnum (_under the
+clouds, on earth_), 8, 652, 715, 1771; tô wolcnum, 1120, 1375.
+
+wollen-teár, adj., _tear-flowing, with flowing tears_: nom. pl.
+wollen-teáre, 3033.
+
+wom. See wam.
+
+won. See wan.
+
+worc. See weorc.
+
+word, st. n.: 1) _word, speech_: nom. sg., 2818; acc. sg. þät word, 655,
+2047; word, 315, 341, 390, 871, 2552; instr. sg. worde, 2157; gen. sg.
+wordes, 2792; nom. pl. þâ word, 640; word, 613; acc. pl. word (of an
+alliterative song), 871; instr. pl, wordum, 176, 366, 627, 875, 1101, 1173,
+1194, 1319, 1812, etc.; ge-saga him wordum (_tell them in words,
+expressly_), 388. The instr. wordum accompanies biddan, þancian, be-wägnan,
+secgan, hêrgan, to emphasize the verb, 176, 627, 1194, 2796, 3177; gen. pl.
+worda, 289, 398, 2247, 2263(?), 3031.--2) _command, order_: gen. sg. his
+wordes geweald habban (_to rule, reign_), 79; so, instr. pl. wordum weóld,
+30.--Comp.: beót-, gylp-, meðel-, þryð-word.
+
+word-cwide, st. m., (_word-utterance_), _speech_: acc. pl. word-cwydas,
+1842; dat. pl. word-cwydum, 2754; gen. pl. word-cwida, 1846.
+
+word-gid, st. m, _speech, saying_: acc. sg. word-gyd, 3174.
+
+word-hord, st. n., _word-hoard, treasury of speech, mouth_: acc. sg.
+word-hord on-leác (_unlocked his word-hoard_, opened his mouth, spoke),
+259.
+
+word-riht, st. n., _right speech, suitable word_: gen. pl. Wîglâf maðelode
+word-rihta fela, 2632.
+
+worð-mynd. See weorð-mynd.
+
+worðig (for weorðig), st. m., _palace, estate, court_: acc. sg. on worðig
+(_into the palace_), 1973.
+
+worn, st. n., _multitude, number_: acc. sg. worn eall (_very many_), 3095;
+wintra worn (_many years_), 264; þonne he wintrum frôd worn ge-munde (_when
+he old in years thought of their number_), 2115. Used with fela to
+strengthen the meaning: nom. acc. sg. worn fela, 1784; hwät þu worn fela
+... spræce (_how very much thou hast spoken!_), 530; so, eal-fela
+eald-gesegena worn, 871; gen. pl. worna fela, 2004, 2543.
+
+woruld, worold, st. f., _humanity, world, earth_: nom. sg. eal worold,
+1739; acc. sg. in worold (wacan) (_to be born, come into the world_), 60;
+worold oflætan, of-gifan (_die_), 1184, 1682; gen. sg. worolde, 951, 1081,
+1388, 1733; worulde, 2344; his worulde ge-dâl (_his separation from the
+world, death_), 3069; worolde brûcan (_to enjoy life, live_), 1063; worlde,
+2712.
+
+worold-âr, st. f., _worldly honor_ or _dignity_: acc. sg. worold-âre, 17.
+
+woruld-candel, st. f., _world-candle, sun_: nom. sg., 1966.
+
+worold-cyning, st. m., _world king, mighty king_: nom. sg., 3182; gen. pl.
+worold-cyninga, 1685.
+
+woruld-ende, st. m., _world's end_: acc. sg., 3084.
+
+worold-ræden, st. f., _usual course, fate of the world, customary fate_:
+dat. sg. worold-rædenne, 1143?
+
+wôp, st. m., (_whoop_), _cry of grief, lament_: nom. sg., 128; acc. sg.
+wôp, 786; instr. sg. wôpe, 3147.
+
+wracu, st. f., _persecution, vengeance, revenge_: nom. sg. wracu (MS,
+uncertain), 2614; acc. sg. wräce, 2337.--Comp.: gyrn-, nýd-wracu.
+
+wraðu, st. f., _protection, safety_: in comp. lîf-wraðu.
+
+wrâð, adj., _wroth, furious, hostile_: acc. sg. neut. wrâð, 319; dat. sg.
+wrâðum, 661, 709; gen. pl. wrâðra, 1620.
+
+wrâðe, adv., _contemptibly, disgracefully_, 2873.
+
+wrâð-lîce, adv., _wrathfully, hostilely_ (in battle), 3063.
+
+wrâsn, st. f., _circlet of gold for the head, diadem, crown_: in comp.
+freá-wrâsn.
+
+wräc-lâst, st. m., _exile-step, exile, banishment_: acc. sg. wräc-lâstas
+träd (_trod exile-steps, wandered in exile_), 1353.
+
+wräc-mäcg, st. m., _exile, outcast_: nom. pl. wräc-mäcgas, 2380.
+
+wräc-sîð, st. m., _exile-journey, banishment, exile, persecution_: acc.
+sg., 2293; dat. sg. -sîðum, 338.
+
+wrät, st. f., _ornament, jewel_: acc. pl. wräte (wræce, MS.), 2772, 3061;
+instr. pl. wrättum, 1532; gen. pl. wrätta, 2414.
+
+wrät-lîc, adj.: 1) _artistic, ornamental; valuable_: acc. sg. wrät-lîcne
+wundur-mâððum, 2174; wrät-lîc wæg-sweord, 1490; wîg-bord wrät-lîc,
+2340.--2) _wondrous, strange_: acc. sg. wrät-lîcne wyrm [from its rings or
+spots?], 892; wlite-seón wrät-lîc, 1651.
+
+wræc, st. f., _persecution_; hence, _wretchedness, misery_: nom. sg., 170;
+acc. sg. wræc, 3079.
+
+wrecan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to press, force_: pret. part. þær wäs Ongenþeó
+... on bîd wrecen, 2963.--2) _to drive out, expel_: pret. sg. ferh ellen
+wräc, 2707.--3) _to wreak_ or _utter_: gid, spel wrecan (_to utter words or
+songs_); subj. pres. sg. III. he gyd wrece, 2447; inf. wrecan spel ge-râde,
+874; word-gyd wrecan, 3174; pret. sg. gyd äfter wräc, 2155; pres. part. þær
+wäs ... gid wrecen, 1066.--4) _to avenge, punish_: subj. pres. þät he his
+freónd wrece, 1386; inf. wolde hire mæg wrecan, 1340; so, 1279, 1547; pres.
+part. wrecend (_an avenger_), 1257; pret. sg. wräc Wedera nîð, 423; so,
+1334, 1670.
+
+â-wrecan, _to tell, recount_: pret. sg. ic þis gid be þe â-wräc (_I have
+told this tale for thee_), 1725; so, 2109.
+
+for-wrecan, w. acc., _to drive away, expel; carry away_: inf. þý läs him
+ýða þrym wudu wyn-suman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the waves
+might carry away the winsome ship_), 1920; pret. sg. he hine feor for-wräc
+... man-cynne fram, 109.
+
+ge-wrecan, w. acc., _to avenge, wreak vengeance upon, punish_: pret. sg.
+ge-wräc, 107, 2006; he ge-wräc (i.e. hit, _this_) cealdum cear-sîðum, 2396;
+he hine sylfne ge-wräc (_avenged himself_), 2876; pl. ge-wræcan, 2480;
+pret. part. ge-wrecen, 3063.
+
+wrecca, w. m., (_wretch_), _exile, adventurer, wandering soldier, hero_:
+nom. sg. wrecca (Hengest), 1138; gen. pl. wreccena wîde mærost (Sigemund),
+899.
+
+wreoðen-hilt, adj., _wreathen-hilted, with twisted hilt_: nom. sg., 1699.
+
+wridian, w. v., _to flourish, spring up_: pret. sg. III. wridað, 1742.
+
+wriða, w. m., _band_: in comp. beág-wriða (_bracelet_), 2019.
+
+wrixl, st. n., _exchange, change_: instr. sg. wyrsan wrixle (_in a worse
+way, with a worse exchange_), 2970.
+
+ge-wrixle, st. n., _exchange, arrangement, bargain_: nom. sg. ne wäs þät
+ge-wrixle til (_it was not a good arrangement, trade_), 1305.
+
+wrixlan, w. v., _to exchange_: inf. wordum wrixlan (_to exchange words,
+converse_), 366; 875 (_tell_).
+
+wrîðan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to bind, fasten, wreathe together_: inf. ic
+hine (him, MS.) ... on wäl-bedde wrîðan þôhte, 965.--2) _to bind up_ (a
+wounded person, a wound): pret. pl. þâ wæron monige þe his mæg wriðon,
+2983. See hand-gewriðen.
+
+wrîtan, st. v., _to incise, engrave_: pret. part. on þäm (hilte) wäs ôr
+writen fyrn-gewinnes (_on which was engraved the origin of an ancient
+struggle_), 1689.
+
+for-wrîtan, _to cut to pieces_ or _in two_: pret. sg. for-wrât Wedra helm
+wyrm on middan, 2706.
+
+wrôht, st. m. f., _blame, accusation, crime_; here _strife, contest,
+hostility_: nom. sg., 2288, 2474, 2914.
+
+wudu, st. m., _wood_: 1) _material, timber_: nom. pl. wudu, 1365; hence,
+_the wooden spear_: acc. pl. wudu, 398.--2) _forest, wood_: acc. sg. wudu,
+1417.--3) _wooden ship_: nom. sg. 298; acc. sg. wudu, 216, 1920.--Comp.:
+bæl-, bord-, gamen-, heal-, holt-, mägen-, sæ-, sund-, þrec-wudu.
+
+wudu-rêc, st. m., _wood-reek_ or _smoke_: nom. sg., 3145.
+
+wuldor, st. n., _glory_: nom. sg. kyninga wuldor (_God_), 666; gen. sg.
+wuldres wealdend, 17, 183, 1753; wuldres hyrde, 932, (designations of God).
+
+wuldor-cyning, st. m., _king of glory, God_. dat. sg. wuldur-cyninge, 2796
+
+wuldor-torht, adj., _glory-bright, brilliant, clear_: acc. pl.
+wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137.
+
+wulf, st. m., _wolf_: acc. sg., 3028.
+
+wulf-hlið, st. n., _wolf-slope, wolf's retreat, slope whereunder wolves
+house_: acc. pl. wulf-hleoðu, 1359.
+
+wund, st. f., _wound_: nom. sg., 2712, 2977; acc. sg. wunde, 2532, 2907;
+acc. sg. wunde, 2726; instr. pl. wundum, 1114, 2831, 2938.--Comp.
+feorh-wund.
+
+wund, adj., _wounded, sore_: nom. sg., 2747; dat. sg. wundum, 2754; nom.
+pl. wunde, 565, 1076.
+
+wunden-feax, adj., _curly-haired_ (of a horse's mane): nom. sg., 1401.
+
+wunden-heals, adj., _with twisted_ or _curved neck_ or _prow_: nom. sg.
+wudu wunden-hals (_the ship_), 298.
+
+wunden-heorde?, _curly-haired_?: nom. sg. f., 3153.
+
+wunden-mæl, adj., _damascened, etched, with wavy ornaments_(?): nom. sg.
+neut., 1532 (of a sword).
+
+wunden-stefna, w. m. _curved prow, ship_: nom. sg., 220.
+
+wundor, st. n.: 1) _wonder, wonderwork_: nom. sg., 772, 1725; wundur, 3063;
+acc. sg. wundor, 841; wunder, 932; wundur, 2760, 3033, 3104; dat. sg.
+wundre, 932; instr. pl. wundrum (_wondrously_), 1453, 2688; gen. pl.
+wundra, 1608.--2) _portent, monster_: gen. pl. wundra, 1510.--Comp.: hand-,
+nîð-, searo-wundor.
+
+wundor-bebod, st. n., _wondrous command, strange order_: instr. pl.
+-bebodum, 1748.
+
+wundor-deáð, st. m., _wonder-death, strange death_: instr. sg. wundor
+deáðe, 3038.
+
+wundor-fät, st. n., _wonder-vat, strange vessel_: dat. pl. of wundor-fatum
+(_from wondrous vessels_), 1163.
+
+wundor-lîc, adj., _wonder like, remarkable_: nom. sg., 1441.
+
+wundor-mâððum, st. m., _wonder-jewel, wonderful treasure_: acc. sg., 2174.
+
+wundor-smið, st. m., _wonder-smith, skilled smith, worker of marvellous
+things_: gen. pl. wundor-smiða geweorc (the ancient giant's sword), 1682.
+
+wundor-seón, st. f., _wondrous sight_: gen. pl. wunder-sióna, 996.
+
+wunian, w. v.: 1) _to stand, exist, remain_: pres. sg. III. þenden þær
+wunað on heáh-stede hûsa sêlest (_as long as the best of houses stands
+there on the high place_), 284; wunað he on wiste (_lives in plenty_),
+1736; inf. on sele wunian (_to remain in the hall_), 3129; pret. sg. wunode
+mid Finne (_remained with F._), 1129.--2) w. acc. or dat., _to dwell in, to
+inhabit, to possess_: pres. sg. III. wunað wäl-reste (_holds his
+death-bed_), 2903; inf. wäter-egesan wunian scolde..., streámas, 1261;
+wîcum wunian, 3084; w. prep.: pres. sg. Higelâc þær ät hâm wunað, 1924.
+
+ge-wunian, w. acc.: 1) _to inhabit_: inf. ge-[wunian], 2276.--2) _to remain
+with, stand by_: subj. pres. þät hine on ylde eft ge-wunigen wil-ge-sîðas,
+22.
+
+wurðan. See weorðan.
+
+wuton, v. from wîtan, used as interj., _let us go! up!_ w. inf.: wutun
+gangan tô (_let us go to him!_), 2649; uton hraðe fêran! 1391; uton nu
+êfstan, 3102.
+
+wylf, st. f., _she-wolf_: in comp. brim-wylf.
+
+wylm, st. m., _surge, surf, billow_: num. sg. flôdes wylm, 1765; dat.
+wintres wylme (_with winter's flood_), 516; acc. sg. þurh wäteres wylm,
+1694; acc. pl. heortan wylmas, 2508.--Comp.: breóst-, brim-, byrne-, cear-,
+fýr-, heaðo-, holm-, sæ-, sorh-wylm. See wälm.
+
+wyn, st. f., _pleasantness, pleasure, joy, enjoyment_: acc. sg. mæste ...
+worolde wynne (_the highest earthly joy_), 1081; eorðan wynne (_earth-joy,
+the delightful earth_), 1731; heofenes wynne (_heaven's joy_, the rising
+sun), 1802; hearpan wynne (_harp-joy, the pleasant harp_), 2108; þät he ...
+ge-drogen häfde eorðan wynne (_that he had had his earthly joy_), 2728;
+dat. sg. weorod wäs on wynne, 2015; instr. pl. mägenes wynnum (_in joy of
+strength_), 1717; so, 1888.--Comp.: êðel-, hord-, lîf-, lyft-, symbel-wyn.
+
+wyn-leás, adj., _joyless_: acc. sg. wyn-leásne wudu, 1417; wyn-leás wîc,
+822.
+
+wyn-sum, adj., _winsome, pleasant_: acc. sg. wudu wyn-suman (_the ship_),
+1920; nom. pl. word wæron wyn-sume, 613.
+
+wyrcan, v. irreg.: 1) _to do, effect_, w. acc.: inf. (wundor) wyrcan,
+931.--2) _to make, create_, w. acc.: pret. sg. þät se äl-mihtiga eorðan
+worh[te], 92; swâ hine _(the helmet_) worhte wæpna smið, 1453.--3) _to
+gain, win, acquire_, w. gen.: subj. pres. wyrce, se þe môte, dômes ær
+deáðe, 1388.
+
+be-wyrcan, _to gird, surround_: pret. pl. bronda betost wealle be-worhton,
+3163.
+
+ge-wyrcan: 1) intrans., _to act, behave_: inf. swâ sceal geong guma gôde
+gewyrcean ... on fäder wine þät ... (_a young man shall so act with
+benefits towards his father's friends that_ ...), 20.--2) w. acc., _to do,
+make, effect, perform_: inf. ne meahte ic ät hilde mid Hruntinge wiht
+ge-wyrcan, 1661; sweorde ne meahte on þam aglæcan ... wunde ge-wyrcean,
+2907; pret. sg. ge-worhte, 636, 1579, 2713; pret. part. acc. ic þâ leóde
+wât ... fäste ge-worhte. 1865.--3) _to make, construct_: inf. (medo-ärn)
+ge-wyrcean, 69; (wîg-bord) ge-wyrcean, 2338; (hlæw) ge-wyrcean, 2803; pret.
+pl. II. ge-worhton, 3097; III. ge-worhton, 3158; pret. part. ge-worht,
+1697.--4) _to win, acquire_: pres. sg. ic me mid Hruntinge dôm ge-wyrce,
+1492.
+
+Wyrd, st. f., _Weird_ (one of the Norns, guide of human destiny; mostly
+weakened down = _fate, providence_): nom. sg., 455, 477, 572, 735, 1206,
+2421, 2527, 2575, 2815; acc. sg. wyrd, 1057, 1234; gen. pl. wyrda, 3031.
+(Cf. Weird Sisters of Macbeth.)
+
+wyrdan, w. v., _to ruin, kill, destroy_: pret. sg. he tô lange leóde mine
+wanode and wyrde, 1338.
+
+â-wyrdan, w. v., _to destroy, kill_: pret. part.: äðeling monig wundum
+â-wyrded, 1114.
+
+wyrðe, adj., _noble; worthy, honored, valued_: acc. sg. m. wyrðne (ge-dôn)
+(_to esteem worthy_), 2186; nom. pl. wyrðe, 368; compar. nom. sg. rîces
+wyrðra (_worthier of rule_), 862.--Comp. fyrd-wyrðe. See weorð.
+
+wyrgen, st, f., _throttler_ [cf. sphinx], _she-wolf_; in comp.
+grund-wyrgen.
+
+ge-wyrht, st. n., _work; desert_; in comp. eald-gewyrht, 2658.
+
+wyrm, st. m., _worm, dragon, drake_: nom. sg., 898, 2288, 2344, 2568, 2630,
+2670, 2746, 2828; acc. sg. wyrm, 887, 892, 2706, 3040, 3133; dat. sg.
+wyrme, 2308, 2520; gen. wyrmes, 2317, 2349, 2760, 2772, 2903; acc. pl.
+wyrmas, 1431.
+
+wyrm-cyn, st. m., _worm-kin, race of reptiles, dragons_: gen. sg.
+wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426.
+
+wyrm-fâh, adj., _dragon-ornamented, snake-adorned_ (ornamented with figures
+of dragons, snakes, etc.: cf. Dietrich in Germania X., 278): nom. sg.
+sweord ... wreoðen-hilt and wyrm-fâh, 1699.
+
+wyrm-hord, st. n., _dragon-hoard_: gen. pl. wyrm-horda, 2223.
+
+for-wyrnan, w. v., _to refuse, reject_: subj. pres. II. þät þu me nô
+for-wyrne, þät... (_that thou refuse me not that_...), 429; pret. sg. he ne
+for-wyrnde worold-rædenne, 1143.
+
+ge-wyrpan, w. v. reflex., _to refresh one's self, recover_: pret. sg. he
+hyne ge-wyrpte, 2977.
+
+wyrpe, st. m., _change_: acc. sg. äfter weá-spelle wyrpe ge-fremman (_after
+the woe-spell to bring about a change of things_), 1316.
+
+wyrsa, compar. adj., _worse_: acc. sg. neut. þät wyrse, 1740; instr. sg.
+wyrsan wrixle, 2970; gen. sg. wyrsan geþinges, 525; nom. acc. pl. wyrsan
+wîg-frecan, 1213, 2497.
+
+wyrt, st. f., [_-wort_], _root_: instr. pl. wudu wyrtum fäst, 1365.
+
+wýscan, w. v., _to wish, desire_: pret. sg. wîscte (rihde, MS.) þäs yldan
+(_wished to delay that_ or _for this reason_, 2440, 1605(?). See Note.
+
+
+Y
+
+yfel, st n., _evil_: gen. pl. yfla, 2095.
+
+yldan, w. v., _to delay, put off_: inf. ne þät se aglæca yldan þôhte, 740;
+weard wine-geômor wîscte þäs yldan, þät he lytel fäc long-gestreóna brûcan
+môste, 2240.
+
+ylde, st. m. pl., _men_: dat. pl. yldum, 77, 706, 2118; gen. pl. ylda, 150,
+606, 1662. See elde.
+
+yldest. See eald.
+
+yldo, st. f., _age (senectus), old age_: nom. sg., 1737, 1887; atol yldo,
+1767; dat. sg. on ylde, 22.--2) _age (ætas), time, era_: gen. sg. yldo
+bearn, 70. See eldo.
+
+yldra. See eald.
+
+ylf, st. f., _elf (incubus, alp_): nom. pl. ylfe, 112.
+
+ymb, prep. w. acc.: 1) local, _around, about, at, upon_: ymb hine (_around,
+with, him_), 399. With prep, postponed: hine ymb, 690; ymb brontne ford
+(_around the seas, on the high sea_), 568; ymb þâ gif-healle (_around the
+gift-hall, throne-hall_), 839; ymb þäs helmes hrôf (_around the helm's
+roof, crown_), 1031.--2) temporal, _about, after_: ymb ân-tîd ôðres dôgores
+(_about the same time the next day_), 219; ymb âne niht (_after a night_),
+135.--3) causal, _about, on account of, for, owing to_: (frînan) ymb þînne
+sîð (_on account of, concerning?, thy journey_), 353; hwät þu ... ymb
+Brecan spræce (_hast spoken about B._), 531; so, 1596, 3174; nâ ymb his lîf
+cearað (_careth not for his life_), 1537; so, 450; ymb feorh sacan, 439;
+sundor-nytte beheóld ymb aldor Dena, 669; ymb sund (_about the swimming,
+the prize for swimming_), 507.
+
+ymbe, I. prep. w. acc. = ymb: 1) local, 2884, 3171; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf
+(prep, postponed), 2297. 2) causal, 2071, 2619.--II. adv., _around_: him
+... ymbe, 2598.
+
+ymb-sittend, pres. part., _neighbor_ gen. pl. ymb-sittendra, 9.
+
+ymbe-sittend, the same: nom. pl. ymbe-sittend, 1828; gen. pl.
+ymbe-sittendra, 2735.
+
+yppe, w. f., _high seat, dais, throne_: dat. sg. eode ... tô yppan, 1816.
+
+yrfe, st. n., _bequest, legacy_: nom. sg., 3052.
+
+yrfe-lâf, st. f., _sword left as a bequest_: acc. sg. yrfe-lâfe, 1054;
+instr. sg. yrfe-lâfe, 1904.
+
+yrfe-weard, st. m., _heir, son_: nom. sg., 2732; gen. sg. yrfe-weardes,
+2454. (-as, MS.)
+
+yrmðo, st. f., _misery, shame, wretchedness_: acc. sg. yrmðe, 1260, 2006.
+
+yrre, st. n., _anger, ire, excitement_: acc. sg. godes yrre, 712; dat. sg,
+on yrre, 2093.
+
+yrre, adj., _angry, irate, furious_: nom. sg. yrre oretta (Beówulf), 1533;
+þegn yrre (the same), 1576; gäst yrre (Grendel), 2074; nom. pl. yrre, 770.
+See eorre.
+
+yrringa, adv., _angrily, fiercely_, 1566, 2965.
+
+yrre-môd, adj., _wrathful-minded, wild_: nom. sg., 727.
+
+ys, _he is_. See wesan.
+
+
+Ý
+
+ýð (O.H.G. unda), st. f., _wave; sea_: nom. pl. ýða, 548; acc. pl. ýðe, 46,
+1133, 1910; dat. pl. ýðum, 210, 421, 534, 1438, 1908; ýðum weallan (_to
+surge with waves_), 515, 2694; gen. pl. ýða, 464, 849, 1209, 1470,
+1919.--Comp: flôd-, lîg-, wäter-ýð.
+
+ýðan, w. v., _to ravage, devastate, destroy_: pret. sg. ýðde eotena cyn,
+421 (cf. îðende = _depopulating_, Bosworth, from Ælfric's Glossary; pret.
+ýðde, Wanderer, 85).
+
+ýðe. See eáðe.
+
+ýðe-lîce, adv., _easily_: ýðe-lîce he eft â-stôd (_he easily arose
+afterwards_), 1557.
+
+ýð-gebland, st. n., _mingling_ or _surging waters, water-tumult_: nom. sg.
+-geblond, 1374, 1594; nom. pl. -gebland, 1621.
+
+ýð-gewin, st. n., _strife with the sea, wave-struggle, rushing of water_:
+dat. sg. ýð-gewinne, 2413; gen. sg. -gewinnes, 1435.
+
+ýð-lâd, st. f., _water-journey, sea-voyage_: nom. pl. ýð-lâde, 228.
+
+ýð-lâf, st. f., _water-leaving, what is left by the water (undarum
+reliquiae), shore_: dat. sg. be ýð-lâfe, 566.
+
+ýð-lida, w. m., _wave-traverser, ship_: acc. sg. ýð-lidan, 198.
+
+ýð-naca, w. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg. [ýð-]nacan, 1904.
+
+ýð-gesêne. See êð-gesýne.
+
+ýwan, w. v. w. acc., _to show_: pret. sg. an-sýn ýwde (_showed itself,
+appeared_), 2835. See eáwan, eówan.
+
+ge-ýwan, w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to lay before, offer_: inf.,
+2150.
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY TO FINNSBURH.
+
+âbrecan, st. v., _to shatter_: part. his byrne âbrocen wære (_his byrnie
+was shattered_).
+
+ânyman, st. v., _to take, take away_.
+
+bân-helm, st. m., _bone-helmet; skull_, [_shield_, Bosw.].
+
+buruh-þelu, st. f., _castle-floor_.
+
+cêlod, part, (adj.?), _keeled_, i.e. boat-shaped or hollow.
+
+dagian, w. v., _to dawn_: ne þis ne dagiað eástan (_this is not dawning
+from the east_).
+
+deór-môd, adj., _brave in mood_: deór-môd häleð.
+
+driht-gesîð, st m., _companion, associate_.
+
+eástan, adv., _from the east_.
+
+eorð-bûend, st. m., _earth-dweller, man_.
+
+fêr, st. m. _fear, terror_.
+
+fýren, adj., _flaming, afire_: nom. f. swylce eal Finns-buruh fýrenu wære
+(_as if all Finnsburh were afire_).
+
+gehlyn, st. n., _noise, tumult_.
+
+gellan, st. v., _to sing_ (i.e. ring or resound): pres. sg. gylleð
+græg-hama (_the gray garment_ [byrnie] _rings_); (_the gray wolf
+yelleth_?).
+
+genesan, st. v., _to survive, recover from_: pret. pl. þâ wîgend hyra wunda
+genæson (_the warriors were recovering from their wounds_).
+
+gold-hladen, adj., _laden with gold_ (wearing heavy gold ornaments).
+
+græg-hama, w. m., _gray garment, mail-coat_; (_wolf_?--Brooke).
+
+gûð-wudu, st. m., _war-wood, spear_.
+
+häg-steald, st. m., _one who lives in his lord's house, a house-carl._
+
+heaðo-geong, adj., _young in war._
+
+here-sceorp, st. n., _war-dress, coat of mail_.
+
+hleoðrian, w. v., _to speak, exclaim_: pret. sg. hleoðrode ... cyning (_the
+prince exclaimed_).
+
+hræw, st. n., _corpse_.
+
+hrôr, adj., _strong_: here-sceorpum hrôr (_strong_ [though it was] _as
+armor_, Bosw.).
+
+lac (lað?)? for flacor, _fluttering?_
+
+oncweðan, st. v., _to answer_: pres. sg. scyld scefte oncwyð (_the shield
+answers the spear_).
+
+onwacnian, w. v., _to awake, arouse one's self_: imper. pl. onwacnigeað...,
+wîgend mine (_awake, my warriors!_).
+
+sceft (sceaft), st. m., _spear, shaft_.
+
+sealo-brûn, adj., _dusky-brown_.
+
+sige-beorn, st. m., _victorious hero, valiant warrior_.
+
+swäðer (swâ hwäðer), pron., _which of two, which_.
+
+swân, st. m., _swain, youth; warrior_.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black_.
+
+swêt, adj., _sweet_: acc. m. swêtne medo ... forgyldan (_requite the sweet
+mead_, i.e. repay, by prowess in battle, the bounty of their chief).
+
+swurd-leóma, w. m., _sword-flame, flashing of swords_.
+
+þyrl, adj., _pierced, cloven_.
+
+undearninga, adv., _without concealment, openly_.
+
+wandrian, w. v., _to fly about, hover_: pret. sg. hräfn wandrode (_the
+raven hovered_).
+
+waðol, st. m., _the full moon_ [Grein]; [adj., _wandering_, Bosw.].
+
+wäl-sliht (-sleaht), st. m., _combat, deadly struggle_: gen. pl. wäl-slihta
+gehlyn (_the din of combats_)
+
+weâ-dæd, st. f., _deed of woe_: nom. pl. ârisað weâ-dæda.
+
+witian (weotian), w. v., _to appoint, determine_: part. þe is ... witod.
+
+wurðlîce (weorðlîce), adv., _worthily, gallantly_: compar. wurð-lîcor.
+
+wäg, weg, st. m., _way_.
+
+
+
+CORRECTIONS MADE TO THE SOURCE TEXT:
+
+ARGUMENT, recals = recalls
+POEM:
+ll. 131, 737 þryð-swyð = þrýð-swýð
+l. 256 ôfest = ôfost
+l. 303 sciónon = scionon
+l. 706 buton = bûton
+l. 1115 ât = ät
+l. 1133 wîð = wið
+ll. 1304, 1560, 1616 missing caesuras supplied
+l. 1436 here-sträl = here-stræl
+l. 1642 feôwer- = feówer
+l. 1747 sträle = stræle
+l. 1828 þywað = þýwað
+l. 1926 betlic = betlîc
+l. 2224 gesceód = gesceôd
+ll. 2288, 3036 wâs = wäs
+l. 2453 to = tô
+l. 2503 Huga = Hûga
+l. 2586 niðe = nîðe
+l. 2587 sið = sîð
+l. 2684 irenna = îrenna
+l. 2915 Hugas = Hûgas
+l. 2956 heáðo-liðendum = heaðo-lîðendum
+l. 3000 Þât = Þät; feônd- = feónd-
+l. 3056 sóð = sôð
+l. 3137 Hrônes = Hrones
+list of names, under:
+ Dene, Scedenîgge = Scedenigge
+ Eádgils, Ohthere = Ôhthere
+ Freáwaru, Freawaru = Freáwaru
+ Hrôðgâr, Hrôð-gâre = Hrôðgâre
+ Hygelac, Hæreð = Häreð
+NOTES for
+l. 31, of l. 31 = of l. 30
+l. 1441, wôð- = wæg-
+l. 1916, leôfra = leófra
+GLOSSARY, under headword
+ äðele, Beowulf's = Beówulf's
+ ân, gehwilces = gehwylces
+ æg-hwâ, ægh-wäs = æghwäs
+ ät-beran, beadolâce = beadulâce
+ beadu-lâc, beado- = beadu- (twice)
+ beág, beages = beáges
+ beorh, heáford- = heáfod
+ beódan, leodum = leódum
+ beón, cwênlic = cwênlîc
+ biddan, bliðne = blîðne
+ bitter, sträle = stræle
+ ge-bîdan, therefor = therefore
+ on-bîdan, earfôðlîce = earfoðlîce
+ brecan, lêtdse = lêt se
+ burne, of of = of
+ bûtan, swîce = swice
+ cempa, Huga = Hûga
+ ge-ceósan, usic = ûsic
+ on-cirran, wealdendas = wealdendes
+ corðer, þä = þâ
+ cunnan, þeáwe = þeáw
+ cûð, wîð- = wîd-
+ dôgor, gehwam = gehwâm
+ dôn, ymbsittend = ymbesittend; hettend = hetend; þywað = þýwað
+ drîfan, feoran = feorran
+ dryhten, freáh- = freá-
+ dryht-scipe, drihtscipe = drihtscype
+ ge-dýgan, wräcsið = wräcsîð
+ eal, oncyððe = oncýððe
+ ealdor, heresträl = herestræl
+ eácen-cräftig, iúmanna = iúmonna
+ eofor-spreót, hocyhtum = hôcyhtum
+ eorlîc, eorlic [ellen] = eorlîc
+ fâh, wâldreóre = wäldreóre
+ ôð-ferian, panon = þonan
+ fela, maððum- = mâððum
+ fêran, wäre = wære
+ feónd, feonda = feónda
+ fleón, fenhôpu = fenhopu
+ floga, wîð- = wîd-
+ folc-toga, Hrôðgar = Hrôðgâr
+ for, wonhydum = wonhýdum; handgeweorc = hondgeweorc
+ fôt-gemearc, long = lang
+ ge-frignan, þeodcyninga = þeódcyninga
+ ge-fyrðran, fratwum = frätwum
+ ge-fýsan, to sêcanne = tô sêceanne
+ gân, swa = swâ; [or] giong = gióng; flore = flôre; sîttan = sittan
+ ge-gan, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gâr-wîga, Wîglaf = Wîglâf
+ gäst, fêde- = fêðe-
+ gegn-cwide, þinra = þînra
+ ge-gyrwan, yðlidan = ýðlidan
+ geóc, gást = gâst
+ geômore-lîc, [bið] geômorlic = geômorlîc
+ for-gildan, therefor = therefore
+ gold-wlanc, guðrinc = gûðrinc
+ grêtan, walgæst = wälgæst
+ grim, searo-grimm = searo-grim
+ habban, gecorene = gecorone
+ wið-habban, winsele = wînsele
+ hatan, sæliðend = sælîðend
+ hatian, guð-sceaða = gûð-sceaða
+ hâr, heâre = heáre
+ here-stræl, -sträl = stræl
+ heard, -sträl = -stræl; regen- = regn-
+ heorte, starc- = stearc
+ heoro-dreór, heoro-dreore (citation) = heoro-dreóre
+ hlið, hliðu = hliðo (twice)
+ hôp, hôp = hop (twice)
+ hreow, þât = þät
+ hrôf, geseáh = geseah
+ hwîl, seo = seó
+ hýran, æghwilc = æghwylc
+ inne, abeád = âbeád
+ îren, drihtlîc = dryhtlîc
+ lâð, gewiðru = gewidru; scynnum = scinnum
+ be-leán, beleân = beleán
+ mêtan, Aescheres = Äscheres
+ mearcian, môrhôpu = môrhopu
+ ge-mearian, hwam = hwâm
+ morðor-bed, stred = strêd
+ môd, stið- = stîð-
+ nænig, horð-mâðum = hord-mâððum
+ on, heáðe = heoðe; willen = willan
+ ræd, fæst- = fäst
+ reccan, hu = hû
+ rîdan, gealgan = galgan
+ sang, -leasne = leásne
+ sceapan, Hugas = Hûgas (twice)
+ scânan, sciónon = scionon
+ scînan, scînon = scinon
+ secg, synnigne = sinnigne
+ ge-sêcan, -cyððe = cýððe
+ ge-sîgan, ätsäcce = ät säcce
+ ge-sleán, ge-slôgan = ge-slôgon
+ standan, sträl = stræl
+ stapan, furðor = furður
+ ge-steppan, Ohtheres = Ôhteres
+ stincan, þä = þâ
+ styrian, ge-wiðru = ge-widru
+ sweord, maððum- = mâððum
+ ge-swîcan, þeodne = þeódne
+ teón (w. v.), naläs = nalas; teodan = teódan
+ tô, hälum = hælum; sitte = site; Eofore = Jofore
+ ge-trûwan, -wäre = wære
+ ge-twæfan, ôððe = oððe
+ þær, snotera = snottra
+ þe, gimfästan = ginfästan
+ of-þincan, gehwam = gehwâm
+ ge-þolian, þât = þät
+ þu, sælran = selran
+ þûsend, seófon = seofan
+ un-heóre, -speru = -sporu
+ ûs, æg-hwilc = æg-hwylc
+ wacan, wôcon = wôcun
+ werian, beaduscrûd = beaduscrûda
+ be-werian, scynnum = scinnum
+ wên, orlêg = orleg; ôr-wena = or-wêna
+ weorðian, leôde = leóde
+ willa, wyllum = willum
+ wilnian, fäðer = fäder
+ nât, hwilc = hwylc (twice)
+ ge-wîtan, wäre = wære
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+***** This file should be named 9700-8.txt or 9700-8.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        https://www.gutenberg.org/9/7/0/9700/
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
diff --git a/old/9700-8.zip b/old/9700-8.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23e6fa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/9700-8.zip
diff --git a/old/9700.txt b/old/9700.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83c7926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/9700.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20518 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Beowulf
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Editor: James A. Harrison
+        Robert Sharp
+
+Release Date: November 22, 2011 [EBook #9700]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+** Preface to the Project Gutenberg Edition of Beowulf **
+
+This text is a corrected version of the fourth edition of Harrison and
+Sharp in its entirety. It comes in two basic versions. The base version,
+available in 8-bit (Latin-1) text and HTML, presents the original text as
+printed. This file contains the original version. It preserves the
+source-text's idiosyncratic use of accented vowels with the exception of
+y-circumflex, which is replaced by y-acute (y) to fit within the Latin-1
+character set. Manifestly unintentional errors in the text have been
+corrected. In general, this has only been done when the text is internally
+inconsistent (e.g., a quotation in the glossary does not match the main
+text). Forms that represent deliberate editorial choice have not been
+altered, even where they appear wrong. (For example, some of the markings
+of vowel length do not reflect current scholarly consensus.) Where an
+uncorrected problem may confuse the reader, I have inserted a note
+explaining the difficulty, signed KTH. A complete list of the changes made
+is appended at the end of the file. In order to make the text more useful
+to modern readers, I have also produced a revised edition, available in
+Unicode (UTF-8) and HTML. Notes from the source text that indicate changes
+adopted in later editions have been incorporated directly into the text and
+apparatus. Further, long vowels are indicated with macrons, as is the
+common practice of most modern editions. Finally, the quantity of some
+words has been altered to the values currently accepted as correct.
+Quantities have not been changed when the difference is a matter of
+editorial interpretation (e.g., gaest vs. gaest in l. 102, etc.) A list of
+these altered quantities appears at the end of the list of corrections.
+Your browser must support the Unicode character set to use the revised
+version.
+
+Explanation of the Vowel Accenting
+
+In general, Harrison and Sharp use circumflex accents over vowels to mark
+long vowels. For ash, however, the actual character 'ae' represents the long
+vowel. Short ash is rendered with a-umlaut (ae). The long diphthongs (eo,
+ea, etc.) are indicated with an acute accent over the _second_ vowel (eo,
+ea, etc.).
+
+** End of PG Preface **
+
+
+I. BEOWULF:
+
+_AN ANGLO-SAXON POEM_.
+
+II. THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURH:
+
+_A FRAGMENT_.
+
+WITH TEXT AND GLOSSARY ON THE BASIS OF M. HEYNE.
+
+EDITED, CORRECTED, AND ENLARGED, BY
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON, LL.D., LITT. D.,
+
+PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH AND MODERN LANGUAGES, WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+
+AND
+
+ROBERT SHARP (PH.D. LIPS.),
+
+PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND ENGLISH, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA.
+
+FOURTH EDITION. REVISED, WITH NOTES.
+
+GINN & COMPANY
+
+BOSTON--NEW YORK--CHICAGO--LONDON
+
+Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by
+
+JAMES ALBERT HARRISON AND ROBERT SHARP
+
+in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
+
+
+
+DEDICATED
+
+TO
+
+PROFESSOR F. A. MARCH, OF LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PA.,
+
+AND
+
+FREDERICK J. FURNIVALL, ESQ. FOUNDER OF THE "NEW SHAKSPERE SOCIETY," THE
+"CHAUCER SOCIETY," ETC., ETC.
+
+
+
+PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION.
+
+The favor with which the successive editions of "Beowulf" have been
+received during the past thirteen years emboldens the editors to continue
+the work of revision in a fourth issue, the most noticeable feature of
+which is a considerable body of explanatory Notes, now for the first time
+added. These Notes mainly concern themselves with new textual readings,
+with here and there grammatical, geographical, and archaeological points
+that seemed worthy of explanation. Parallelisms and parallel passages are
+constantly compared, with the view of making the poem illustrate and
+explain itself. A few emendations and textual changes are suggested by the
+editors with all possible diffidence; numerous corrections have been made
+in the Glossary and List of Names; and the valuable parts of former
+Appendices have been embodied in the Notes.
+
+For the Notes, the editors are much indebted to the various German
+periodicals mentioned on page 116, to the recent publications of Professors
+Earle and J. L. Hall, to Mr. S. A. Brooke, and to the Heyne-Socin edition
+of "Beowulf." No change has been made in the system of accentuation, though
+a few errors in quantity have been corrected. The editors are looking
+forward to an eventual fifth edition, in which an entirely new text will be
+presented.
+
+October, 1893.
+
+
+
+NOTE TO THE THIRD EDITION.
+
+This third edition of the American issue of Beowulf will, the editors hope,
+be found more accurate and useful than either of the preceding editions.
+Further corrections in text and glossary have been made, and some
+additional new readings and suggestions will be found in two brief
+appendices at the back of the book. Students of the metrical system of
+Beowulf will find ample material for their studies in Sievers' exhaustive
+essay on that subject (Beitraege, X. 209-314).
+
+Socin's edition of Heyne's Beowulf (called the fifth edition) has been
+utilized to some extent in this edition, though it unfortunately came too
+late to be freely used. While it repeats many of the omissions and
+inaccuracies of Heyne's fourth edition, it contains much that is valuable
+to the student, particularly in the notes and commentary. Students of the
+poem, which has been subjected to much searching criticism during the last
+decade, will also derive especial help from the contributions of Sievers
+and Kluge on difficult questions appertaining to it. Wuelker's new edition
+(in the Grein _Bibliothek_) is of the highest value, however one may
+dissent from particular textual views laid down in the 'Berichtigter Text.'
+Paul and Braune's Beitraege contain a varied miscellany of hints,
+corrections, and suggestions principally embodying the views of Kluge,
+Cosijn, Sievers, and Bugge, some of the more important of which are found
+in the appendices to the present and the preceding edition. Holder and
+Zupitza, Sarrazin and Hermann Moeller (Kiel, 1883), Heinzel (Anzeiger f.d.
+Alterthum, X.), Gering (Zacher's Zeitschrift, XII.), Brenner (Eng. Studien,
+IX.), and the contributors to Anglia, have assisted materially in the
+textual and metrical interpretation of the poem.
+
+The subject of Anglo-Saxon quantity has been discussed in several able
+essays by Sievers, Sweet, Ten Brink (Anzeiger, f.d. Alterthum, V.), Kluge
+(Beitraege, XI.), and others; but so much is uncertain in this field that
+the editors have left undisturbed the marking of vowels found in the text
+of their original edition, while indicating in the appendices the now
+accepted views of scholars on the quantity of the personal pronouns (me,
+we, þu, þe, ge, he); the adverb nu, etc. Perhaps it would be best to banish
+absolutely all attempts at marking quantities except in cases where the Ms.
+has them marked.
+
+An approximately complete Bibliography of Beowulf literature will be found
+in Wuelker's _Grundriss_ and in Garnett's translation of the poem.
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+
+ROBERT SHARP.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., May, 1888.
+
+
+NOTE TO THE SECOND REVISED EDITION.
+
+The editors feel so encouraged at the kind reception accorded their edition
+of Beowulf (1883), that, in spite of its many shortcomings, they have
+determined to prepare a second revised edition of the book, and thus
+endeavor to extend its sphere of usefulness. About twenty errors had,
+notwithstanding a vigilant proof-reading, crept into the text,--errors in
+single letters, accents, and punctuation. These have been corrected, and it
+is hoped that the text has been rendered generally accurate and
+trustworthy. In the List of Names one or two corrections have been made,
+and in the Glossary numerous mistakes in gender, classification, and
+translation, apparently unavoidable in a first edition, have been
+rectified. Wherever these mistakes concern _single_ letters, or occupy very
+small space, they have been corrected in the plates; where they are longer,
+and the expense of correcting them in the plates would have been very
+great, the editors have thought it best to include them in an Appendix of
+Corrections and Additions, which will be found at the back of the book.
+Students are accordingly referred to this Appendix for important longer
+corrections and additions. It is believed that the value of the book has
+been much enhanced by an Appendix of Recent Readings, based on late
+criticisms and essays from the pens of Sievers, Kluge, Cosijn, Holder,
+Wuelker, and Sweet. A perplexed student, in turning to these suggested
+readings, will often find great help in unravelling obscure or corrupt
+passages.
+
+The objectionable ae and ae, for the short and the long diphthong, have been
+retained in the revised edition, owing to the impossibility of removing
+them without entirely recasting the plates.
+
+In conclusion, the editors would acknowledge their great indebtedness to
+the friends and critics whose remarks and criticisms have materially aided
+in the correction of the text,--particularly to Profs. C.P.G. Scott,
+Baskervill, Price, and J.M. Hart; to Prof. J.W. Bright; and to the
+authorities of Cornell University, for the loan of periodicals necessary to
+the completeness of the revision. While the second revised edition still
+contains much that might be improved, the editors cannot but hope that it
+is an advance on its predecessor, and that it will continue its work of
+extending the study of Old English throughout the land.
+
+JUNE, 1885.
+
+
+NOTE I.
+
+The present work, carefully edited from Heyne's fourth edition, (Paderborn,
+1879), is designed primarily for college classes in Anglo-Saxon, rather
+than for independent investigators or for seekers after a restored or ideal
+text. The need of an American edition of "Beowulf" has long been felt, as,
+hitherto, students have had either to send to Germany for a text, or
+secure, with great trouble, one of the scarce and expensive English
+editions. Heyne's first edition came out in 1863, and was followed in 1867
+and 1873 by a second and a third edition, all three having essentially the
+same text.
+
+So many important contributions to the "Beowulf" literature were, however,
+made between 1873 and 1879 that Heyne found it necessary to put forth a new
+edition (1879). In this new, last edition, the text was subjected to a
+careful revision, and was fortified by the views, contributions, and
+criticisms of other zealous scholars. In it the collation of the unique
+"Beowulf" Ms. (Vitellius A. 15: Cottonian Mss. of the British Museum), as
+made by E. Koelbing in Herrig's _Archiv_ (Bd. 56; 1876), was followed
+wherever the present condition of the Ms. had to be discussed; and the
+researches of Bugge, Bieger, and others, on single passages, were made use
+of. The discussion of the metrical structure of the poem, as occurring in
+the second and third editions, was omitted in the fourth, owing to the many
+controversies in which the subject is still involved. The present editor
+has thought it best to do the same, though, happily, the subject of Old
+English _Metrik_ is undergoing a steady illumination through the labors of
+Schipper and others.
+
+Some errors and misplaced accents in Heyne's text have been corrected in
+the present edition, in which, as in the general revision of the text, the
+editor has been most kindly aided by Prof. J.M. Garnett, late Principal of
+St. John's College, Maryland.
+
+In the preparation of the present school edition it has been thought best
+to omit Heyne's notes, as they concern themselves principally with
+conjectural emendations, substitutions of one reading for another, and
+discussions of the condition of the Ms. Until Wuelker's text and the
+photographic fac-simile of the original Ms. are in the hands of all
+scholars, it will be better not to introduce such matters in the school
+room, where they would puzzle without instructing.
+
+For convenience of reference, the editor has added a head-line to each
+"fit" of the poem, with a view to facilitate a knowledge of its episodes.
+
+WASHINGTON AND LEE UNIVERSITY,
+LEXINGTON, VA., June, 1882.
+
+
+NOTE II.
+
+The editors now have the pleasure of presenting to the public a complete
+text and a tolerably complete glossary of "Beowulf." The edition is the
+first published in America, and the first of its special kind presented to
+the English public, and it is the initial volume of a "Library of
+Anglo-Saxon Poetry," to be edited under the same auspices and with the
+cooeperation of distinguished scholars in this country. Among these scholars
+may be mentioned Professors F.A. March of Lafayette College, T.K. Price of
+Columbia College, and W.M. Baskervill of Vanderbilt University.
+
+In the preparation of the Glossary the editors found it necessary to
+abandon a literal and exact translation of Heyne for several reasons, and
+among others from the fact that Heyne seems to be wrong in the translation
+of some of his illustrative quotations, and even translates the same
+passage in two or three different ways under different headings. The
+orthography of his glossary differs considerably from the orthography of
+his text. He fails to discriminate with due nicety the meanings of many of
+the words in his vocabulary, while criticism more recent than his latest
+edition (1879) has illustrated or overthrown several of his renderings. The
+references were found to be incorrect in innumerable instances, and had to
+be verified in every individual case so far as this was possible, a few
+only, which resisted all efforts at verification, having to be indicated by
+an interrogation point (?). The references are exceedingly numerous, and
+the labor of verifying them was naturally great. To many passages in the
+Glossary, where Heyne's translation could not be trusted with entire
+certainty, the editors have added other translations of phrases and
+sentences or of special words; and in this they have been aided by a
+careful study of the text and a comparison and utilization of the views of
+Kemble and Professor J.M. Garnett (who takes Grein for his foundation).
+Many new references have been added; and the various passages in which
+Heyne fails to indicate whether a given verb is weak or strong, or fails to
+point out the number, etc., of the illustrative form, have been corrected
+and made to harmonize with the general plan of the work. Numerous misprints
+in the glossary have also been corrected, and a brief glossary to the
+Finnsburh-fragment, prepared by Dr. Wm. Hand Browne, and supplemented and
+adapted by the editor-in-chief, has been added.
+
+The editors think that they may without immodesty put forth for themselves
+something more than the claim of being re-translators of a translation: the
+present edition is, so far as they were able to make it so, an adaptation,
+correction, and extension of the work of the great German scholar to whose
+loving appreciation of the Anglo-Saxon epic all students of Old English owe
+a debt of gratitude. While following his usually sure and cautious
+guidance, and in the main appropriating his results, they have thought it
+best to deviate from him in the manner above indicated, whenever it seemed
+that he was wrong. The careful reader will notice at once the marks of
+interrogation which point out these deviations, or which introduce a point
+of view illustrative of, or supplementary to, the one given by the German
+editor. No doubt the editors are wrong themselves in many
+places,--"Beowulf" is a most difficult poem,--but their view may at least
+be defended by a reference to the original text, which they have faithfully
+and constantly consulted.
+
+A good many cognate Modern English words have been introduced here and
+there in the Glossary with a view to illustration, and other addenda will
+be found between brackets and parenthetical marks.
+
+It is hoped that the present edition of the most famous of Old English
+poems will do something to promote a valuable and interesting study.
+
+
+JAMES A. HARRISON,
+_Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va._
+
+ROBERT SHARP,
+_University of Louisiana, New Orleans_.
+
+April, 1883.
+
+
+The responsibility of the editors is as follows: H. is responsible for the
+Text, and for the Glossary from hrinan on; S. for the List of Names, and
+for the Glossary as far as hrinan.
+
+ARGUMENT.
+
+The only national [Anglo-Saxon] epic which has been preserved entire is
+Beowulf. Its argument is briefly as follows:--The poem opens with a few
+verses in praise of the Danish Kings, especially Scild, the son of Sceaf.
+His death is related, and his descendants briefly traced down to Hroethgar.
+Hroethgar, elated with his prosperity and success in war, builds a
+magnificent hall, which he calls Heorot. In this hall Hroethgar and his
+retainers live in joy and festivity, until a malignant fiend, called
+Grendel, jealous of their happiness, carries off by night thirty of
+Hroethgar's men, and devours them in his moorland retreat. These ravages go
+on for twelve years. Beowulf, a thane of Hygelac, King of the Goths,
+hearing of Hroethgar's calamities, sails from Sweden with fourteen
+warriors--to help him. They reach the Danish coast in safety; and, after an
+animated parley with Hroethgar's coastguard, who at first takes them for
+pirates, they are allowed to proceed to the royal hall, where they are well
+received by Hroethgar. A banquet ensues, during which Beowulf is taunted by
+the envious Hunferheth about his swimming-match with Breca, King of the
+Brondings. Beowulf gives the true account of the contest, and silences
+Hunferheth. At night-fall the King departs, leaving Beowulf in charge of the
+hall. Grendel soon breaks in, seizes and devours one of Beowulf's
+companions; is attacked by Beowulf, and, after losing an arm, which is torn
+off by Beowulf, escapes to the fens. The joy of Hroethgar and the Danes, and
+their festivities, are described, various episodes are introduced, and
+Beowulf and his companions receive splendid gifts. The next night Grendel's
+mother revenges her son by carrying off AEschere, the friend and councillor
+of Hroethgar, during the absence of Beowulf. Hroethgar appeals to Beowulf for
+vengeance, and describes the haunts of Grendel and his mother. They all
+proceed thither; the scenery of the lake, and the monsters that dwell in
+it, are described. Beowulf plunges into the water, and attacks Grendel's
+mother in her dwelling at the bottom of the lake. He at length overcomes
+her, and cuts off her head, together with that of Grendel, and brings the
+heads to Hroethgar. He then takes leave of Hroethgar, sails back to Sweden, and
+relates his adventures to Hygelac. Here the first half of the poem ends.
+The second begins with the accession of Beowulf to the throne, after the
+fall of Hygelac and his son Heardred. He rules prosperously for fifty
+years, till a dragon, brooding over a hidden treasure, begins to ravage the
+country, and destroys Beowulf's palace with fire. Beowulf sets out in quest
+of its hiding-place, with twelve men. Having a presentiment of his
+approaching end, he pauses and recalls to mind his past life and exploits.
+He then takes leave of his followers, one by one, and advances alone to
+attack the dragon. Unable, from the heat, to enter the cavern, he shouts
+aloud, and the dragon comes forth. The dragon's scaly hide is proof against
+Beowulf's sword, and he is reduced to great straits. Then Wiglaf, one of
+his followers, advances to help him. Wiglaf's shield is consumed by the
+dragon's fiery breath, and he is compelled to seek shelter under Beowulf's
+shield of iron. Beowulf's sword snaps asunder, and he is seized by the
+dragon. Wiglaf stabs the dragon from underneath, and Beowulf cuts it in two
+with his dagger. Feeling that his end is near, he bids Wiglaf bring out the
+treasures from the cavern, that he may see them before he dies. Wiglaf
+enters the dragon's den, which is described, returns to Beowulf, and
+receives his last commands. Beowulf dies, and Wiglaf bitterly reproaches
+his companions for their cowardice. The disastrous consequences of
+Beowulf's death are then foretold, and the poem ends with his funeral.--H.
+Sweet, in Warton's _History of English Poetry_, Vol. II. (ed. 1871). Cf.
+also Ten Brink's _History of English Literature_.
+
+
+
+
+BEOWULF.
+
+
+I. THE PASSING OF SCYLD.
+
+     Hwaet! we Gar-Dena      in gear-dagum
+     þeod-cyninga      þrym gefrunon,
+     hu þa aeethelingas      ellen fremedon.
+     Oft Scyld Scefing      sceaethena þreatum,
+5    monegum maegethum      meodo-setla ofteah.
+     Egsode eorl,      syethethan aerest weareth
+     fea-sceaft funden:      he þaes frofre gebad,
+     weox under wolcnum,      weoreth-myndum ethah,
+     oeth þaet him aeghwylc      þara ymb-sittendra
+10   ofer hron-rade      hyran scolde,
+     gomban gyldan:      þaet waes god cyning!
+     þaem eafera waes      aefter cenned
+     geong in geardum,      þone god sende
+     folce to frofre;      fyren-þearfe ongeat,
+15   þaet hie aer drugon      aldor-lease
+     lange hwile.      Him þaes lif-frea,
+     wuldres wealdend,      worold-are forgeaf;
+     Beowulf waes breme      (blaed wide sprang),
+     Scyldes eafera      Scede-landum in.
+20   Swa sceal geong guma,      gode gewyrcean,
+     fromum feoh-giftum      on faeder wine,
+     þaet hine on ylde      eft gewunigen
+     wil-gesiethas,      þonne wig cume,
+     leode gelaesten:      lof-daedum sceal
+25   in maegetha gehwaere      man geþeon.
+     Him þa Scyld gewat      to gescaep-hwile
+     fela-hror feran      on frean waere;
+     hi hyne þa aetbaeron      to brimes faroethe.
+     swaese gesiethas,      swa he selfa baed,
+30   þenden wordum weold      wine Scyldinga,
+     leof land-fruma      lange ahte.
+     Þaer aet hyethe stod      hringed-stefna,
+     isig and utfus,      aeethelinges faer;
+     a-ledon þa      leofne þeoden,
+35   beaga bryttan      on bearm scipes,
+     maerne be maeste.      Þaer waes madma fela,
+     of feor-wegum      fraetwa gelaeded:
+     ne hyrde ic cymlicor      ceol gegyrwan
+     hilde-waepnum      and heaetho-waedum,
+40   billum and byrnum;      him on bearme laeg
+     madma maenigo,      þa him mid scoldon
+     on flodes aeht      feor gewitan.
+     Nalas hi hine laessan      lacum teodan,
+     þeod-gestreonum,      þonne þa dydon,
+45   þe hine aet frumsceafte      foreth onsendon
+     aenne ofer yethe      umbor wesende:
+     þa gyt hie him asetton      segen gyldenne
+     heah ofer heafod,      leton holm beran,
+     geafon on gar-secg:      him waes geomor sefa,
+50   murnende mod.      Men ne cunnon
+     secgan to soethe      sele-raedende,
+     haeleeth under heofenum,      hwa þaem hlaeste onfeng.
+
+
+II. THE HALL HEOROT.
+
+     Þa waes on burgum      Beowulf Scyldinga,
+     leof leod-cyning,      longe þrage
+55   folcum gefraege      (faeder ellor hwearf,
+     aldor of earde),      oeth þaet him eft onwoc
+     heah Healfdene;      heold þenden lifde,
+     gamol and gueth-reow,      glaede Scyldingas.
+     Þaem feower bearn      foreth-gerimed
+60   in worold wocun,      weoroda raeswan,
+     Heorogar and Hroethgar      and Halga til;
+     hyrde ic, þat Elan cwen      Ongenþeowes waes
+     Heaethoscilfinges      heals-gebedde.
+     Þa waes Hroethgare      here-sped gyfen,
+65   wiges weoreth-mynd,      þaet him his wine-magas
+     georne hyrdon,      oeth þaet seo geogoeth geweox,
+     mago-driht micel.      Him on mod bearn,
+     þaet heal-reced      hatan wolde,
+     medo-aern micel      men gewyrcean,
+70   þone yldo bearn      aefre gefrunon,
+     and þaer on innan      eall gedaelan
+     geongum and ealdum,      swylc him god sealde,
+     buton folc-scare      and feorum gumena.
+     Þa ic wide gefraegn      weorc gebannan
+75   manigre maegethe      geond þisne middan-geard,
+     folc-stede fraetwan.      Him on fyrste gelomp
+     aedre mid yldum,      þaet hit weareth eal gearo,
+     heal-aerna maest;      scop him Heort naman,
+     se þe his wordes geweald      wide haefde.
+80   He beot ne aleh,      beagas daelde,
+     sinc aet symle.      Sele hlifade
+     heah and horn-geap:      heaetho-wylma bad,
+     laethan liges;      ne waes hit lenge þa gen
+     þaet se ecg-hete      aethum-swerian
+85   aefter wael-niethe      waecnan scolde.
+     Þa se ellen-gaest      earfoethlice
+     þrage geþolode,      se þe in þystrum bad,
+     þaet he dogora gehwam      dream gehyrde
+     hludne in healle;      þaer waes hearpan sweg,
+90   swutol sang scopes.      Saegde se þe cuethe
+     frum-sceaft fira      feorran reccan,
+     cwaeeth þaet se aelmihtiga      eorethan worhte,
+     wlite-beorhtne wang,      swa waeter bebugeeth,
+     gesette sige-hreethig      sunnan and monan
+95   leoman to leohte      land-buendum,
+     and gefraetwade      foldan sceatas
+     leomum and leafum;      lif eac gesceop
+     cynna gehwylcum,      þara þe cwice hwyrfaeth.
+     Swa þa driht-guman      dreamum lifdon
+100  eadiglice,      oeth þaet an ongan
+     fyrene fremman,      feond on helle:
+     waes se grimma gaest      Grendel haten,
+     maere mearc-stapa,      se þe moras heold,
+     fen and faesten;      fifel-cynnes eard
+105  won-saelig wer      weardode hwile,
+     siethethan him scyppend      forscrifen haefde.
+     In Caines cynne      þone cwealm gewraec,
+     ece drihten,      þaes þe he Abel slog;
+     ne gefeah he þaere faehethe,      ac he hine feor forwraec,
+110  metod for þy mane      man-cynne fram.
+     Þanon untydras      ealle onwocon,
+     eotenas and ylfe      and orcneas,
+     swylce gigantas,      þa wieth gode wunnon
+     lange þrage;      he him þaes lean forgeald.
+
+
+III. GRENDEL'S VISITS.
+
+115  Gewat þa neosian,      syethethan niht becom,
+     hean huses,      hu hit Hring-Dene
+     aefter beor-þege      gebun haefdon.
+     Fand þa þaer inne      aeethelinga gedriht
+     swefan aefter symble;      sorge ne cuethon,
+120  won-sceaft wera.      Wiht unhaelo
+     grim and graedig      gearo sona waes,
+     reoc and reethe,      and on raeste genam
+     þritig þegna:      þanon eft gewat
+     huethe hremig      to ham faran,
+125  mid þaere wael-fylle      wica neosan.
+     Þa waes on uhtan      mid aer-daege
+     Grendles gueth-craeft      gumum undyrne:
+     þa waes aefter wiste      wop up ahafen,
+     micel morgen-sweg.      Maere þeoden,
+130  aeetheling aer-god,      unbliethe saet,
+     þolode þryeth-swyeth,      þegn-sorge dreah,
+     syethethan hie þaes laethan      last sceawedon,
+     wergan gastes;      waes þaet gewin to strang,
+     laeth and longsum.      Naes hit lengra fyrst,
+135  ac ymb ane niht      eft gefremede
+     moreth-beala mare      and no mearn fore
+     faehethe and fyrene;      waes to faest on þam.
+     Þa waes eaeth-fynde,      þe him elles hwaer
+     gerumlicor      raeste sohte,
+140  bed aefter burum,      þa him gebeacnod waes,
+     gesaegd soethlice      sweotolan tacne
+     heal-þegnes hete;      heold hine syethethan
+     fyr and faestor,      se þaem feonde aetwand.
+     Swa rixode      and wieth rihte wan
+145  ana wieth eallum,      oeth þaet idel stod
+     husa selest.      Waes seo hwil micel:
+     twelf wintra tid      torn geþolode
+     wine Scyldinga,      weana gehwelcne,
+     sidra sorga;      forþam syethethan weareth
+150  ylda bearnum      undyrne cueth,
+     gyddum geomore,      þaette Grendel wan,
+     hwile wieth Hroethgar;--      hete-niethas waeg,
+     fyrene and faehethe      fela missera,
+     singale saece,      sibbe ne wolde
+155  wieth manna hwone      maegenes Deniga
+     feorh-bealo feorran,      feo þingian,
+     ne þaer naenig witena      wenan þorfte
+     beorhtre bote      to banan folmum;
+     atol aeglaeca      ehtende waes,
+160  deorc deaeth-scua      duguethe and geogoethe
+     seomade and syrede.      Sin-nihte heold
+     mistige moras;      men ne cunnon,
+     hwyder hel-runan      hwyrftum scriethaeth.
+     Swa fela fyrena      feond man-cynnes,
+165  atol an-gengea,      oft gefremede
+     heardra hynetha;      Heorot eardode,
+     sinc-fage sel      sweartum nihtum
+     (no he þone gif-stol      gretan moste,
+     maethethum for metode,      ne his myne wisse);
+170  þaet waes wraec micel      wine Scyldinga,
+     modes brecetha.      Monig-oft gesaet
+     rice to rune;      raed eahtedon,
+     hwaet swieth-ferhethum      selest waere
+     wieth faer-gryrum      to gefremmanne.
+175  Hwilum hie geheton      aet haerg-trafum
+     wig-weorethunga,      wordum baedon,
+     þaet him gast-bona      geoce gefremede
+     wieth þeod-þreaum.      Swylc waes þeaw hyra,
+     haeethenra hyht;      helle gemundon
+180  in mod-sefan,      metod hie ne cuethon,
+     daeda demend,      ne wiston hie drihten god,
+     ne hie huru heofena helm      herian ne cuethon,
+     wuldres waldend.      Wa bieth þaem þe sceal
+     þurh sliethne nieth      sawle bescufan
+185  in fyres faeethm,      frofre ne wenan,
+     wihte gewendan;      wel bieth þaem þe mot
+     aefter deaeth-daege      drihten secean
+     and to faeder faeethmum      freoetho wilnian.
+
+
+IV. HYGELAC'S THANE.
+
+     Swa þa mael-ceare      maga Healfdenes
+190  singala seaeth;      ne mihte snotor haeleeth
+     wean onwendan:      waes þaet gewin to swyeth,
+     laeth and longsum,      þe on þa leode becom,
+     nyd-wracu nieth-grim,      niht-bealwa maest.
+     Þaet fram ham gefraegn      Higelaces þegn,
+195  god mid Geatum,      Grendles daeda:
+     se waes mon-cynnes      maegenes strengest
+     on þaem daege      þysses lifes,
+     aeethele and eacen.      Het him yeth-lidan
+     godne gegyrwan;      cwaeeth he gueth-cyning
+200  ofer swan-rade      secean wolde,
+     maerne þeoden,      þa him waes manna þearf.
+     Þone sieth-faet him      snotere ceorlas
+     lyt-hwon logon,      þeah he him leof waere;
+     hwetton higerofne,      hael sceawedon.
+205  Haefde se goda      Geata leoda
+     cempan gecorone,      þara þe he cenoste
+     findan mihte;      fiftena sum
+     sund-wudu sohte;      secg wisade,
+     lagu-craeftig mon,      land-gemyrcu.
+210  Fyrst foreth gewat:      flota waes on yethum,
+     bat under beorge.      Beornas gearwe
+     on stefn stigon;      streamas wundon
+     sund wieth sande;      secgas baeron
+     on bearm nacan      beorhte fraetwe,
+215  gueth-searo geatolic;      guman ut scufon,
+     weras on wil-sieth      wudu bundenne.
+     Gewat þa ofer waeg-holm      winde gefysed
+     flota famig-heals      fugle gelicost,
+     oeth þaet ymb an-tid      oethres dogores
+220  wunden-stefna      gewaden haefde,
+     þaet þa liethende      land gesawon,
+     brim-clifu blican,      beorgas steape,
+     side sae-naessas:      þa waes sund liden,
+     eoletes aet ende.      Þanon up hraethe
+225  Wedera leode      on wang stigon,
+     sae-wudu saeldon      (syrcan hrysedon,
+     gueth-gewaedo);      gode þancedon,
+     þaes þe him yeth-lade      eaethe wurdon.
+     Þa of wealle geseah      weard Scildinga,
+230  se þe holm-clifu      healdan scolde,
+     beran ofer bolcan      beorhte randas,
+     fyrd-searu fuslicu;      hine fyrwyt braec
+     mod-gehygdum,      hwaet þa men waeron.
+     Gewat him þa to waroethe      wicge ridan
+235  þegn Hroethgares,      þrymmum cwehte
+     maegen-wudu mundum,      meethel-wordum fraegn:
+     "Hwaet syndon ge      searo-haebbendra
+     "byrnum werede,      þe þus brontne ceol
+     "ofer lagu-straete      laedan cwomon,
+240  "hider ofer holmas      helmas baeron?
+     "Ic waes ende-saeta,      aeg-wearde heold,
+     "þaet on land Dena      laethra naenig
+     "mid scip-herge      sceethethan ne meahte.
+     "No her cuethlicor      cuman ongunnon
+245  "lind-haebbende;      ne ge leafnes-word
+     "gueth-fremmendra      gearwe ne wisson,
+     "maga gemedu.      Naefre ic maran geseah
+     "eorla ofer eorethan,      þonne is eower sum,
+     "secg on searwum;      nis þaet seld-guma
+250 "waepnum geweorethad,      naefne him his wlite leoge,
+     "aenlic an-syn.      Nu ic eower sceal
+     "frum-cyn witan,      aer ge fyr heonan
+     "lease sceaweras      on land Dena
+     "furethur feran.      Nu ge feor-buend,
+255  "mere-liethende,      minne gehyraeth
+     "an-fealdne geþoht:      ofost is selest
+     "to gecyethanne,      hwanan eowre cyme syndon."
+
+
+V. THE ERRAND.
+
+     Him se yldesta      andswarode,
+     werodes wisa,      word-hord onleac:
+260  "We synt gum-cynnes      Geata leode
+     "and Higelaces      heoreth-geneatas.
+     "Waes min faeder      folcum gecyethed,
+     "aeethele ord-fruma      Ecgþeow haten;
+     "gebad wintra worn,      aer he on weg hwurfe,
+265  "gamol of geardum;      hine gearwe geman
+     "witena wel-hwylc      wide geond eorethan.--
+     "We þurh holdne hige      hlaford þinne,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      secean cwomon,
+     "leod-gebyrgean:      wes þu us larena god!
+270  "Habbaeth we to þaem maeran      micel aerende
+     "Deniga frean;      ne sceal þaer dyrne sum
+     "wesan, þaes ic wene.      Þu wast, gif hit is,
+     "swa we soethlice      secgan hyrdon,
+     "þaet mid Scyldingum      sceaetha ic nat hwylc,
+275  "deogol daed-hata,      deorcum nihtum
+     "eaweeth þurh egsan      uncuethne nieth,
+     "hynethu and hra-fyl.      Ic þaes Hroethgar maeg
+     "þurh rumne sefan      raed gelaeran,
+     "hu he frod and god      feond oferswyetheeth,
+280  "gyf him ed-wendan      aefre scolde
+     "bealuwa bisigu,      bot eft cuman
+     "and þa cear-wylmas      colran wurethaeth;
+     "oethethe a syethethan      earfoeth-þrage,
+     "þrea-nyd þolaeth,      þenden þaer wunaeth
+285  "on heah-stede      husa selest."
+     Weard maethelode,      þaer on wicge saet
+     ombeht unforht:      "AEghwaeethres sceal
+     "scearp scyld-wiga      gescad witan,
+     "worda and worca,      se þe wel þenceeth.
+290  "Ic þaet gehyre,      þaet þis is hold weorod
+     "frean Scyldinga.      Gewitaeth foreth beran
+     "waepen and gewaedu,      ic eow wisige:
+     "swylce ic magu-þegnas      mine hate
+     "wieth feonda gehwone      flotan eowerne,
+295  "niw-tyrwedne      nacan on sande
+     "arum healdan,      oeth þaet eft byreeth
+     "ofer lagu-streamas      leofne mannan
+     "wudu wunden-hals      to Weder-mearce.
+     "Gueth-fremmendra      swylcum gifeethe bieth,
+300  "þaet þone hilde-raes      hal gedigeeth."
+     Gewiton him þa feran      (flota stille bad,
+     seomode on sale      sid-faeethmed scyp,
+     on ancre faest);      eofor-lic scionon
+     ofer hleor-beran      gehroden golde
+305  fah and fyr-heard,      ferh wearde heold.
+     Guethmode grummon,      guman onetton,
+     sigon aetsomne,      oeth þaet hy sael timbred
+     geatolic and gold-fah      ongytan mihton;
+     þaet waes fore-maerost      fold-buendum
+310  receda under roderum,      on þaem se rica bad;
+     lixte se leoma      ofer landa fela.
+     Him þa hilde-deor      hof modigra
+     torht getaehte,      þaet hie him to mihton
+     gegnum gangan;      gueth-beorna sum
+315  wicg gewende,      word aefter cwaeeth:
+     "Mael is me to feran;      faeder alwalda
+     "mid ar-stafum      eowic gehealde
+     "sietha gesunde!      ic to sae wille,
+     "wieth wraeth werod      wearde healdan."
+
+
+VI. BEOWULF'S SPEECH.
+
+320  Straet waes stan-fah,      stig wisode
+     gumum aetgaedere.      Gueth-byrne scan
+     heard hond-locen,      hring-iren scir
+     song in searwum,      þa hie to sele furethum
+     in hyra gryre-geatwum      gangan cwomon.
+325  Setton sae-meethe      side scyldas,
+     rondas regn-hearde      wieth þaes recedes weal,
+     bugon þa to bence;      byrnan hringdon,
+     gueth-searo gumena;      garas stodon,
+     sae-manna searo,      samod aetgaedere,
+330  aesc-holt ufan graeg:      waes se iren-þreat
+     waepnum gewurethad.      Þa þaer wlonc haeleeth
+     oret-mecgas      aefter aeethelum fraegn:
+     "Hwanon ferigeaeth ge      faette scyldas,
+     "graege syrcan      and grim-helmas,
+335  "here-sceafta heap?--      Ic eom Hroethgares
+     "ar and ombiht.      Ne seah ic el-þeodige
+     "þus manige men      modiglicran.
+     "Wen' ic þaet ge for wlenco,      nalles for wraec-siethum,
+     "ac for hige-þrymmum      Hroethgar sohton."
+340  Him þa ellen-rof      andswarode,
+     wlanc Wedera leod      word aefter spraec,
+     heard under helme:      "We synt Higelaces
+     "beod-geneatas;      Beowulf is min nama.
+     "Wille ic asecgan      suna Healfdenes,
+345  "maerum þeodne      min aerende,
+     "aldre þinum,      gif he us geunnan wile,
+     "þaet we hine swa godne      gretan moton."
+     Wulfgar maethelode      (þaet waes Wendla leod,
+     waes his mod-sefa      manegum gecyethed,
+350  wig and wis-dom):      "ic þaes wine Deniga,
+     "frean Scildinga      frinan wille,
+     "beaga bryttan,      swa þu bena eart,
+     "þeoden maerne      ymb þinne sieth ;
+     "and þe þa andsware      aedre gecyethan,
+355  "þe me se goda      agifan þenceeth."
+     Hwearf þa hraedlice,      þaer Hroethgar saet,
+     eald and unhar      mid his eorla gedriht;
+     eode ellen-rof,      þaet he for eaxlum gestod
+     Deniga frean,      cuethe he duguethe þeaw.
+360  Wulfgar maethelode      to his wine-drihtne:
+     "Her syndon geferede      feorran cumene
+     "ofer geofenes begang      Geata leode:
+     "þone yldestan      oret-mecgas
+     "Beowulf nemnaeth.      Hy benan synt,
+365  "þaet hie, þeoden min,      wieth þe moton
+     "wordum wrixlan;      no þu him wearne geteoh,
+     "þinra gegn-cwida      glaednian, Hroethgar!
+     "Hy on wig-geatwum      wyrethe þinceaeth
+     "eorla geaehtlan;      huru se aldor deah,
+370  "se þaem heaetho-rincum      hider wisade."
+
+
+VII. HROTHGAR'S WELCOME.
+
+     Hroethgar maethelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "Ic hine cuethe      cniht-wesende.
+     "Waes his eald-faeder      Ecgþeo haten,
+     "þaem to ham forgeaf      Hreethel Geata
+375  "angan dohtor;      is his eafora nu
+     "heard her cumen,      sohte holdne wine.
+     "þonne saegdon þaet      sae-liethende,
+     "þa þe gif-sceattas      Geata fyredon
+     "þyder to þance,      þaet he þrittiges
+380  "manna maegen-craeft      on his mund-gripe
+     "heaetho-rof haebbe.      Hine halig god
+     "for ar-stafum      us onsende,
+     "to West-Denum,      þaes ic wen haebbe,
+     "wieth Grendles gryre:      ic þaem godan sceal
+385  "for his mod-þraece      madmas beodan.
+     "Beo þu on ofeste,      hat hig in gan,
+     "seon sibbe-gedriht      samod aetgaedere;
+     "gesaga him eac wordum,      þaet hie sint wil-cuman
+     "Deniga leodum."      Þa wieth duru healle
+390  Wulfgar eode,      word inne abead:
+     "Eow het secgan      sige-drihten min,
+     "aldor East-Dena,      þaet he eower aeethelu can
+     "and ge him syndon      ofer sae-wylmas,
+     "heard-hicgende,      hider wil-cuman.
+395  "Nu ge moton gangan      in eowrum gueth-geatawum,
+     "under here-griman,      Hroethgar geseon;
+     "laetaeth hilde-bord      her onbidian,
+     "wudu wael-sceaftas,      worda geþinges."
+     Aras þa se rica,      ymb hine rinc manig,
+400  þryethlic þegna heap;      sume þaer bidon,
+     heaetho-reaf heoldon,      swa him se hearda bebead.
+     Snyredon aetsomne,      þa secg wisode
+     under Heorotes hrof;      hyge-rof eode,
+     heard under helme,      þaet he on heoethe gestod.
+405  Beowulf maethelode      (on him byrne scan,
+     searo-net seowed      smiethes or-þancum):
+     "Wes þu Hroethgar hal!      ic eom Higelaces
+     "maeg and mago-þegn;      haebbe ic maeretha fela
+     "ongunnen on geogoethe.      Me weareth Grendles þing
+410  "on minre eethel-tyrf      undyrne cueth:
+     "secgaeth sae-liethend,      þaet þes sele stande,
+     "reced selesta,      rinca gehwylcum
+     "idel and unnyt,      siethethan aefen-leoht
+     "under heofenes hador      beholen weoretheeth.
+415  "Þa me þaet gelaerdon      leode mine,
+     "þa selestan,      snotere ceorlas,
+     "þeoden Hroethgar,      þaet ic þe sohte;
+     "forþan hie maegenes craeft      minne cuethon:
+     "selfe ofersawon,      þa ic of searwum cwom,
+420  "fah from feondum,      þaer ic fife geband,
+     "yethde eotena cyn,      and on yethum slog
+     "niceras nihtes,      nearo-þearfe dreah,
+     "wraec Wedera nieth      (wean ahsodon)
+     "forgrand gramum;      and nu wieth Grendel sceal,
+425  "wieth þam aglaecan,      ana gehegan
+     "þing wieth þyrse.      Ic þe nu þa,
+     "brego Beorht-Dena,      biddan wille,
+     "eodor Scyldinga,      anre bene;
+     "þaet þu me ne forwyrne,      wigendra hleo,
+430  "freo-wine folca,      nu ic þus feorran com,
+     "þaet ic mote ana      and minra eorla gedryht,
+     "þes hearda heap,      Heorot faelsian.
+     "Haebbe ic eac geahsod,      þaet se aeglaeca
+     "for his won-hydum      waepna ne receeth;
+435  "ic þaet þonne forhicge,      swa me Higelac sie,
+     "min mon-drihten,      modes bliethe,
+     "þaet ic sweord bere      oethethe sidne scyld
+     "geolo-rand to guethe;      ac ic mid grape sceal
+     "fon wieth feonde      and ymb feorh sacan,
+440  "laeth wieth laethum;      þaer gelyfan sceal
+     "dryhtnes dome      se þe hine deaeth nimeeth.
+     "Wen' ic þaet he wille,      gif he wealdan mot,
+     "in þaem gueth-sele      Geatena leode
+     "etan unforhte,      swa he oft dyde
+445  "maegen Hreethmanna.      Na þu minne þearft
+     "hafalan hydan,      ac he me habban wile
+     "dreore fahne,      gif mec deaeth nimeeth;
+     "byreeth blodig wael,      byrgean þenceeth,
+     "eteeth an-genga      unmurnlice,
+450  "mearcaeth mor-hopu:      no þu ymb mines ne þearft
+     "lices feorme      leng sorgian.
+     "Onsend Higelace,      gif mec hild nime,
+     "beadu-scruda betst,      þaet mine breost wereeth,
+     "hraegla selest;      þaet is Hreethlan laf,
+455  "Welandes geweorc.      Gaeeth a Wyrd swa hio scel!"
+
+
+VIII. HROTHGAR TELLS OF GRENDEL.
+
+     Hroethgar maethelode,      helm Scyldinga:
+     "for were-fyhtum þu,      wine min Beowulf,
+     "and for ar-stafum      usic sohtest.
+     "Gesloh þin faeder      faehethe maeste,
+460  "weareth he Heaetholafe      to hand-bonan
+     "mid Wilfingum;      þa hine Wedera cyn
+     "for here-brogan      habban ne mihte.
+     "Þanon he gesohte      Sueth-Dena folc
+     "ofer yetha gewealc,      Ar-Scyldinga;
+465  "þa ic furethum weold      folce Deninga,
+     "and on geogoethe heold      gimme-rice
+     "hord-burh haeleetha:      þa waes Heregar dead,
+     "min yldra maeg      unlifigende,
+     "bearn Healfdenes.      Se waes betera þonne ic!
+470  "Siethethan þa faehethe      feo þingode;
+     "sende ic Wylfingum      ofer waeteres hrycg
+     "ealde madmas:      he me aethas swor.
+     "Sorh is me to secganne      on sefan minum
+     "gumena aengum,      hwaet me Grendel hafaeth
+475  "hynetho on Heorote      mid his hete-þancum,
+     "faer-nietha gefremed.      Is min flet-werod,
+     "wig-heap gewanod;      hie Wyrd forsweop
+     "on Grendles gryre.      God eaethe maeg
+     "þone dol-scaethan      daeda getwaefan!
+480  "Ful oft gebeotedon      beore druncne
+     "ofer ealo-waege      oret-mecgas,
+     "þaet hie in beor-sele      bidan woldon
+     "Grendles guethe      mid gryrum ecga.
+     "Þonne waes þeos medo-heal      on morgen-tid,
+485  "driht-sele dreor-fah,      þonne daeg lixte,
+     "eal benc-þelu      blode bestymed,
+     "heall heoru-dreore:      ahte ic holdra þy laes,
+     "deorre duguethe,      þe þa deaeth fornam.
+     "Site nu to symle      and onsael meoto,
+490  "sige-hreeth secgum,      swa þin sefa hwette!"
+     Þa waes Geat-maecgum      geador aetsomne
+     on beor-sele      benc gerymed;
+     þaer swieth-ferhethe      sittan eodon
+     þryethum dealle.      Þegn nytte beheold,
+495  se þe on handa baer      hroden ealo-waege,
+     scencte scir wered.      Scop hwilum sang
+     hador on Heorote;      þaer waes haeleetha dream,
+     dugueth unlytel      Dena and Wedera.
+
+
+IX. HUNFERTH OBJECTS TO BEOWULF.
+
+     Unfereth maethelode,      Ecglafes bearn,
+500  þe aet fotum saet      frean Scyldinga;
+     onband beadu-rune      (waes him Beowulfes sieth,
+     modges mere-faran,      micel aef-þunca,
+     forþon þe he ne uethe,      þaet aenig oether man
+     aefre maeretha þon ma      middan-geardes
+505  gehedde under heofenum      þonne he sylfa):
+     "Eart þu se Beowulf,      se þe wieth Brecan wunne,
+     "on sidne sae      ymb sund flite,
+     "þaer git for wlence      wada cunnedon
+     "and for dol-gilpe      on deop waeter
+510  "aldrum neethdon?      Ne inc aenig mon,
+     "ne leof ne laeth,      belean mihte
+     "sorh-fullne sieth;      þa git on sund reon,
+     "þaer git eagor-stream      earmum þehton,
+     "maeton mere-straeta,      mundum brugdon,
+515  "glidon ofer gar-secg;      geofon yethum weol,
+     "wintres wylme.      Git on waeteres aeht
+     "seofon niht swuncon;      he þe aet sunde oferflat,
+     "haefde mare maegen.      Þa hine on morgen-tid
+     "on Heaetho-raemas      holm up aetbaer,
+520  "þonon he gesohte      swaesne eethel
+     "leof his leodum      lond Brondinga,
+     "freoetho-burh faegere,      þaer he folc ahte,
+     "burg and beagas.      Beot eal wieth þe
+     "sunu Beanstanes      soethe gelaeste.
+525  "Þonne wene ic to þe      wyrsan geþinges,
+     "þeah þu heaetho-raesa      gehwaer dohte,
+     "grimre guethe,      gif þu Grendles dearst
+     "niht-longne fyrst      nean bidan!"
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+530  "Hwaet þu worn fela,      wine min Unfereth,
+     "beore druncen      ymb Brecan spraece,
+     "saegdest from his siethe!      Soeth ic talige,
+     "þaet ic mere-strengo      maran ahte,
+     "earfeetho on yethum,      þonne aenig oether man.
+535  "Wit þaet gecwaedon      cniht-wesende
+     "and gebeotedon      (waeron begen þa git
+     "on geogoeth-feore)      þaet wit on gar-secg ut
+     "aldrum neethdon;      and þaet geaefndon swa.
+     "Haefdon swurd nacod,      þa wit on sund reon,
+540  "heard on handa,      wit unc wieth hron-fixas
+     "werian þohton.      No he wiht fram me
+     "flod-yethum feor      fleotan meahte,
+     "hraethor on holme,      no ic fram him wolde.
+     "Þa wit aetsomne      on sae waeron
+545  "fif nihta fyrst,      oeth þaet unc flod todraf,
+     "wado weallende,      wedera cealdost,
+     "nipende niht      and norethan wind
+     "heaetho-grim andhwearf;      hreo waeron yetha,
+     "Waes mere-fixa      mod onhrered:
+550  "þaer me wieth laethum      lic-syrce min,
+     "heard hond-locen,      helpe gefremede;
+     "beado-hraegl broden      on breostum laeg,
+     "golde gegyrwed.      Me to grunde teah
+     "fah feond-scaetha,      faeste haefde
+555  "grim on grape:      hwaeethre me gyfeethe weareth,
+     "þaet ic aglaecan      orde geraehte,
+     "hilde-bille;      heaetho-raes fornam
+     "mihtig mere-deor      þurh mine hand.
+
+
+X. BEOWULF'S CONTEST WITH BRECA.--THE FEAST.
+
+     "Swa mec gelome      laeth-geteonan
+560  "þreatedon þearle.      Ic him þenode
+     "deoran sweorde,      swa hit gedefe waes;
+     "naes hie þaere fylle      gefean haefdon,
+     "man-fordaedlan,      þaet hie me þegon,
+     "symbel ymb-saeton      sae-grunde neah,
+565  "ac on mergenne      mecum wunde
+     "be yeth-lafe      uppe laegon,
+     "sweordum aswefede,      þaet syethethan na
+     "ymb brontne ford      brim-liethende
+     "lade ne letton.      Leoht eastan com,
+570  "beorht beacen godes;      brimu swaethredon,
+     "þaet ic sae-naessas      geseon mihte,
+     "windige weallas.      Wyrd oft nereeth
+     "unfaegne eorl,      ethonne his ellen deah!
+     "Hwaeethere me gesaelde,      þaet ic mid sweorde ofsloh
+575  "niceras nigene.      No ic on niht gefraegn
+     "under heofones hwealf      heardran feohtan,
+     "ne on eg-streamum      earmran mannan;
+     "hwaeethere ic fara feng      feore gedigde,
+     "siethes werig.      Þa mec sae oethbaer,
+580  "flod aefter faroethe,      on Finna land,
+     "wadu weallendu.      No ic wiht fram þe
+     "swylcra searo-nietha      secgan hyrde,
+     "billa brogan:      Breca naefre git
+     "aet heaetho-lace,      ne gehwaeether incer
+585  "swa deorlice      daed gefremede
+     "fagum sweordum      . . . . . . .
+     ". . . . . . .      no ic þaes gylpe;
+     "þeah þu þinum broethrum      to banan wurde,
+     "heafod-maegum;      þaes þu in helle scealt
+590  "werhetho dreogan,      þeah þin wit duge,
+     "Secge ic þe to soethe,      sunu Ecglafes,
+     "þaet naefre Grendel swa fela      gryra gefremede,
+     "atol aeglaeca      ealdre þinum,
+     "hynetho on Heorote,      gif þin hige waere,
+595  "sefa swa searo-grim,      swa þu self talast.
+     "Ac he hafaeth onfunden,      þaet he þa faehethe ne þearf,
+     "atole ecg-þraece      eower leode
+     "swiethe onsittan,      Sige-Scyldinga;
+     "nymeeth nyd-bade,      naenegum araeth
+600  "leode Deniga,      ac he on lust wigeeth,
+     "swefeeth ond sendeeth,      secce ne weneeth
+     "to Gar-Denum.      Ac him Geata sceal
+     "eafoeth and ellen      ungeara nu
+     "guethe gebeodan.      Gaeeth eft se þe mot
+605  "to medo modig,      siethethan morgen-leoht
+     "ofer ylda bearn      oethres dogores,
+     "sunne swegl-wered      suethan scineeth!"
+     Þa waes on salum      sinces brytta
+     gamol-feax and gueth-rof,      geoce gelyfde
+610  brego Beorht-Dena;      gehyrde on Beowulfe
+     folces hyrde      faest-raedne geþoht.
+     Þaer waes haeleetha hleahtor;      hlyn swynsode,
+     word waeron wynsume.      Eode Wealhþeow foreth,
+     cwen Hroethgares,      cynna gemyndig,
+615  grette gold-hroden      guman on healle,
+     and þa freolic wif      ful gesealde
+     aerest East-Dena      eethel-wearde,
+     baed hine bliethne      aet þaere beor-þege,
+     leodum leofne;      he on lust geþeah
+620  symbel and sele-ful,      sige-rof kyning.
+     Ymb-eode þa      ides Helminga
+     duguethe and geogoethe      dael aeghwylcne;
+     sinc-fato sealde,      oeth þaet sael alamp,
+     þaet hio Beowulfe,      beag-hroden cwen,
+625  mode geþungen,      medo-ful aetbaer;
+     grette Geata leod,      gode þancode
+     wis-faest wordum,      þaes þe hire se willa gelamp,
+     þaet heo on aenigne      eorl gelyfde
+     fyrena frofre.      He þaet ful geþeah,
+630  wael-reow wiga      aet Wealhþeon,
+     and þa gyddode      guethe gefysed,
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+     "Ic þaet hogode,      þa ic on holm gestah,
+     "sae-bat gesaet      mid minra secga gedriht,
+635  "þaet ic anunga      eowra leoda
+     "willan geworhte,      oethethe on wael crunge,
+     "feond-grapum faest.      Ic gefremman sceal
+     "eorlic ellen,      oethethe ende-daeg
+     "on þisse meodu-healle      minne gebidan."
+640  Þam wife þa word      wel licodon,
+     gilp-cwide Geates;      eode gold-hroden
+     freolicu folc-cwen      to hire frean sittan.
+     Þa waes eft swa aer      inne on healle
+     þryeth-word sprecen,      þeod on saelum,
+645  sige-folca sweg,      oeth þaet semninga
+     sunu Healfdenes      secean wolde
+     aefen-raeste;      wiste aet þaem ahlaecan
+     to þaem heah-sele      hilde geþinged,
+     siethethan hie sunnan leoht      geseon ne meahton,
+650  oethethe nipende      niht ofer ealle,
+     scadu-helma gesceapu      scriethan cwoman,
+     wan under wolcnum.      Werod eall aras.
+     Grette þa giddum      guma oetherne,
+     Hroethgar Beowulf,      and him hael abead,
+655  win-aernes geweald      and þaet word acwaeeth:
+     "Naefre ic aenegum men      aer alyfde,
+     "siethethan ic hond and rond      hebban mihte,
+     "þryeth-aern Dena      buton þe nu þa.
+     "Hafa nu and geheald      husa selest;
+660  "gemyne maeretho,      maegen-ellen cyeth,
+     "waca wieth wraethum!      Ne bieth þe wilna gad,
+     "gif þu þaet ellen-weorc      aldre gedigest."
+
+
+XI. THE WATCH FOR GRENDEL.
+
+     Þa him Hroethgar gewat      mid his haeleetha gedryht,
+     eodur Scyldinga      ut of healle;
+665  wolde wig-fruma      Wealhþeo secan,
+     cwen to gebeddan      Haefde kyninga wuldor
+     Grendle to-geanes,      swa guman gefrungon,
+     sele-weard aseted,      sundor-nytte beheold
+     ymb aldor Dena,      eoton weard abead;
+670  huru Geata leod      georne truwode
+     modgan maegnes,      metodes hyldo.
+     Þa he him of dyde      isern-byrnan,
+     helm of hafelan,      sealde his hyrsted sweord,
+     irena cyst      ombiht-þegne,
+675  and gehealdan het      hilde-geatwe.
+     Gespraec þa se goda      gylp-worda sum
+     Beowulf Geata,      aer he on bed stige:
+     "No ic me an here-waesmum      hnagran talige
+     "gueth-geweorca,      þonne Grendel hine;
+680  "forþan ic hine sweorde      swebban nelle,
+     "aldre beneotan,      þeah ic eal maege.
+     "Nat he þara goda,      þaet he me on-gean slea,
+     "rand geheawe,      þeah þe he rof sie
+     "nieth-geweorca;      ac wit on niht sculon
+685  "secge ofersittan,      gif he gesecean dear
+     "wig ofer waepen,      and siethethan witig god
+     "on swa hwaeethere hond      halig dryhten
+     "maeretho deme,      swa him gemet þince."
+     Hylde hine þa heaetho-deor,      hleor-bolster onfeng
+690  eorles andwlitan;      and hine ymb monig
+     snellic sae-rinc      sele-reste gebeah.
+     Naenig heora þohte      þaet he þanon scolde
+     eft eard-lufan      aefre gesecean,
+     folc oethethe freo-burh,      þaer he afeded waes,
+695  ac hie haefdon gefrunen,      þaet hie aer to fela micles
+     in þaem win-sele      wael-deaeth fornam,
+     Denigea leode.      Ac him dryhten forgeaf
+     wig-speda gewiofu,      Wedera leodum
+     frofor and fultum,      þaet hie feond heora
+700  þurh anes craeft      ealle ofercomon,
+     selfes mihtum:      soeth is gecyethed,
+     þaet mihtig god      manna cynnes
+     weold wide-ferheth.      Com on wanre niht
+     scriethan sceadu-genga.      Sceotend swaefon,
+705  þa þaet horn-reced      healdan scoldon,
+     ealle buton anum.      Þaet waes yldum cueth,
+     þaet hie ne moste,      þa metod nolde,
+     se syn-scaetha      under sceadu bregdan;
+     ac he waeccende      wraethum on andan
+710  bad bolgen-mod      beadwa geþinges.
+
+
+XII. GRENDEL'S RAID.
+
+     Þa com of more      under mist-hleoethum
+     Grendel gongan,      godes yrre baer.
+     Mynte se man-scaetha      manna cynnes
+     sumne besyrwan      in sele þam hean;
+715  wod under wolcnum,      to þaes þe he win-reced,
+     gold-sele gumena,      gearwost wisse
+     faettum fahne.      Ne waes þaet forma sieth,
+     þaet he Hroethgares      ham gesohte:
+     naefre he on aldor-dagum      aer ne siethethan
+720  heardran haele,      heal-þegnas fand!
+     Com þa to recede      rinc siethian
+     dreamum bedaeled.      Duru sona onarn
+     fyr-bendum faest,      syethethan he hire folmum hran;
+     onbraed þa bealo-hydig,      þa he abolgen waes,
+725  recedes muethan.      Raethe aefter þon
+     on fagne flor      feond treddode,
+     eode yrre-mod;      him of eagum stod
+     lige gelicost      leoht unfaeger.
+     Geseah he in recede      rinca manige,
+730  swefan sibbe-gedriht      samod aetgaedere,
+     mago-rinca heap:      þa his mod ahlog,
+     mynte þaet he gedaelde,      aer þon daeg cwome,
+     atol aglaeca,      anra gehwylces
+     lif wieth lice,      þa him alumpen waes
+735  wist-fylle wen.      Ne waes þaet wyrd þa gen,
+     þaet he ma moste      manna cynnes
+     þicgean ofer þa niht.      Þryeth-swyeth beheold
+     maeg Higelaces,      hu se man-scaetha
+     under faer-gripum      gefaran wolde.
+740  Ne þaet se aglaeca      yldan þohte,
+     ac he gefeng hraethe      forman siethe
+     slaependne rinc,      slat unwearnum,
+     bat ban-locan,      blod edrum dranc,
+     syn-snaedum swealh:      sona haefde
+745  unlyfigendes      eal gefeormod
+     fet and folma.      Foreth near aetstop,
+     nam þa mid handa      hige-þihtigne
+     rinc on raeste;      raehte ongean
+     feond mid folme,      he onfeng hraethe
+750  inwit-þancum      and wieth earm gesaet.
+     Sona þaet onfunde      fyrena hyrde,
+     þaet he ne mette      middan-geardes
+     eorethan sceata      on elran men
+     mund-gripe maran:      he on mode weareth
+755  forht on ferhethe,      no þy aer fram meahte;
+     hyge waes him hin-fus,      wolde on heolster fleon,
+     secan deofla gedraeg:      ne waes his drohtoeth þaer,
+     swylce he on ealder-dagum      aer gemette.
+     Gemunde þa se goda      maeg Higelaces
+760  aefen-spraece,      up-lang astod
+     and him faeste wiethfeng.      Fingras burston;
+     eoten waes ut-weard,      eorl furethur stop.
+     Mynte se maera,      þaer he meahte swa,
+     widre gewindan      and on weg þanon
+765  fleon on fen-hopu;      wiste his fingra geweald
+     on grames grapum.      Þaet waes geocor sieth,
+     þaet se hearm-scaetha      to Heorute ateah:
+     dryht-sele dynede,      Denum eallum weareth,
+     ceaster-buendum,      cenra gehwylcum,
+770  eorlum ealu-scerwen.      Yrre waeron begen,
+     reethe ren-weardas.      Reced hlynsode;
+     þa waes wundor micel,      þaet se win-sele
+     wiethhaefde heaetho-deorum,      þaet he on hrusan ne feol,
+     faeger fold-bold;      ac he þaes faeste waes
+775  innan and utan      iren-bendum
+     searo-þoncum besmiethod.      Þaer fram sylle abeag
+     medu-benc monig      mine gefraege,
+     golde geregnad,      þaer þa graman wunnon;
+     þaes ne wendon aer      witan Scyldinga,
+780  þaet hit a mid gemete      manna aenig
+     betlic and ban-fag      tobrecan meahte,
+     listum tolucan,      nymethe liges faeethm
+     swulge on swaethule.      Sweg up astag
+     niwe geneahhe;      Noreth-Denum stod
+785  atelic egesa      anra gehwylcum
+     þara þe of wealle      wop gehyrdon,
+     gryre-leoeth galan      godes andsacan,
+     sige-leasne sang,      sar wanigean
+     helle haeftan.      Heold hine to faeste
+790  se þe manna waes      maegene strengest
+     on þaem daege      þysses lifes.
+
+
+XIII. BEOWULF TEARS OFF GRENDEL'S ARM.
+
+     Nolde eorla hleo      aenige þinga
+     þone cwealm-cuman      cwicne forlaetan,
+     ne his lif-dagas      leoda aenigum
+795  nytte tealde.      Þaer genehost braegd
+     eorl Beowulfes      ealde lafe,
+     wolde frea-drihtnes      feorh ealgian
+     maeres þeodnes,      þaer hie meahton swa;
+     hie þaet ne wiston,      þa hie gewin drugon,
+800  heard-hicgende      hilde-mecgas,
+     and on healfa gehwone      heawan þohton,
+     sawle secan,      þaet þone syn-scaethan
+     aenig ofer eorethan      irenna cyst,
+     gueth-billa nan      gretan nolde;
+805  ac he sige-waepnum      forsworen haefde,
+     ecga gehwylcre.      Scolde his aldor-gedal
+     on þaem daege      þysses lifes
+     earmlic wurethan      and se ellor-gast
+     on feonda geweald      feor siethian.
+810  Þa þaet onfunde      se þe fela aeror
+     modes myrethe      manna cynne
+     fyrene gefremede      (he waes fag wieth god)
+     þaet him se lic-homa      laestan nolde,
+     ac hine se modega      maeg Hygelaces
+815  haefde be honda;      waes gehwaeether oethrum
+     lifigende laeth.      Lic-sar gebad
+     atol aeglaeca,      him on eaxle weareth
+     syn-dolh sweotol,      seonowe onsprungon
+     burston ban-locan.      Beowulfe weareth
+820  gueth-hreeth gyfeethe;      scolde Grendel þonan
+     feorh-seoc fleon      under fen-hleoethu,
+     secean wyn-leas wic;      wiste þe geornor,
+     þaet his aldres waes      ende gegongen,
+     dogera daeg-rim.      Denum eallum weareth
+825  aefter þam wael-raese      willa gelumpen.
+     Haefde þa gefaelsod,      se þe aer feorran com,
+     snotor and swyeth-ferheth      sele Hroethgares,
+     genered wieth niethe.      Niht-weorce gefeh,
+     ellen-maerethum;      haefde East-Denum
+830  Geat-mecga leod      gilp gelaested,
+     swylce oncyethethe      ealle gebette,
+     inwid-sorge,      þe hie aer drugon
+     and for þrea-nydum      þolian scoldon,
+     torn unlytel.      Þaet waes tacen sweotol,
+835  syethethan hilde-deor      hond alegde,
+     earm and eaxle      (þaer waes eal geador
+     Grendles grape)      under geapne hrof.
+
+
+XIV. THE JOY AT HEOROT.
+
+     Þa waes on morgen      mine gefraege
+     ymb þa gif-healle      gueth-rinc monig:
+840  ferdon folc-togan      feorran and nean
+     geond wid-wegas      wundor sceawian,
+     laethes lastas.      No his lif-gedal
+     sarlic þuhte      secga aenegum,
+     þara þe tir-leases      trode sceawode,
+845  hu he werig-mod      on weg þanon,
+     nietha ofercumen,      on nicera mere
+     faege and geflymed      feorh-lastas baer.
+     Þaer waes on blode      brim weallende,
+     atol yetha geswing      eal gemenged
+850  hatan heolfre,      heoro-dreore weol;
+     deaeth-faege deog,      siethethan dreama leas
+     in fen-freoetho      feorh alegde
+     haeethene sawle,      þaer him hel onfeng.
+     Þanon eft gewiton      eald-gesiethas,
+855  swylce geong manig      of gomen-waethe,
+     fram mere modge,      mearum ridan,
+     beornas on blancum.      Þaer waes Beowulfes
+     maeretho maened;      monig oft gecwaeeth,
+     þaette sueth ne noreth      be saem tweonum
+860  ofer eormen-grund      oether naenig
+     under swegles begong      selra naere
+     rond-haebbendra,      rices wyrethra.
+     Ne hie huru wine-drihten      wiht ne logon,
+     glaedne Hroethgar,      ac þaet waes god cyning.
+865  Hwilum heaetho-rofe      hleapan leton,
+     on geflit faran      fealwe mearas,
+     þaer him fold-wegas      faegere þuhton,
+     cystum cuethe;      hwilum cyninges þegn,
+     guma gilp-hlaeden      gidda gemyndig,
+870  se þe eal-fela      eald-gesegena
+     worn gemunde,      word oether fand
+     soethe gebunden:      secg eft ongan
+     sieth Beowulfes      snyttrum styrian
+     and on sped wrecan      spel gerade,
+875  wordum wrixlan,      wel-hwylc gecwaeeth,
+     þaet he fram Sigemunde      secgan hyrde,
+     ellen-daedum,      uncuethes fela,
+     Waelsinges gewin,      wide siethas,
+     þara þe gumena bearn      gearwe ne wiston,
+880  faehethe and fyrene,      buton Fitela mid hine,
+     þonne he swylces hwaet      secgan wolde
+     eam his nefan,      swa hie a waeron
+     aet nietha gehwam      nyd-gesteallan:
+     haefdon eal-fela      eotena cynnes
+885  sweordum gesaeged.      Sigemunde gesprong
+     aefter deaeth-daege      dom unlytel,
+     syethethan wiges heard      wyrm acwealde,
+     hordes hyrde;      he under harne stan,
+     aeethelinges bearn,      ana geneethde
+890  frecne daede;      ne waes him Fitela mid.
+     Hwaeethre him gesaelde,      þaet þaet swurd þurhwod
+     wraetlicne wyrm,      þaet hit on wealle aetstod,
+     dryhtlic iren;      draca morethre swealt.
+     Haefde aglaeca      elne gegongen,
+895  þaet he beah-hordes      brucan moste
+     selfes dome:      sae-bat gehlod,
+     baer on bearm scipes      beorhte fraetwa,
+     Waelses eafera;      wyrm hat gemealt.
+     Se waes wreccena      wide maerost
+900  ofer wer-þeode,      wigendra hleo
+     ellen-daedum:      he þaes aron þah.
+     Siethethan Heremodes      hild sweethrode
+     eafoeth and ellen.      He mid eotenum weareth
+     on feonda geweald      foreth forlacen,
+905  snude forsended.      Hine sorh-wylmas
+     lemede to lange,      he his leodum weareth,
+     eallum aeethelingum      to aldor-ceare;
+     swylce oft bemearn      aerran maelum
+     swieth-ferhethes sieth      snotor ceorl monig,
+910  se þe him bealwa to      bote gelyfde,
+     þaet þaet þeodnes bearn      geþeon scolde,
+     faeder-aeethelum onfon,      folc gehealdan,
+     hord and hleo-burh,      haeleetha rice,
+     eethel Scyldinga.      He þaer eallum weareth,
+915  maeg Higelaces      manna cynne,
+     freondum gefaegra;      hine fyren onwod.
+
+     Hwilum flitende      fealwe straete
+     mearum maeton.      Þa waes morgen-leoht
+     scofen and scynded.      Eode scealc monig
+920  swieth-hicgende      to sele þam hean,
+     searo-wundor seon,      swylce self cyning,
+     of bryd-bure      beah-horda weard,
+     tryddode tir-faest      getrume micle,
+     cystum gecyethed,      and his cwen mid him
+925  medo-stig gemaet      maegetha hose.
+
+
+XV. HROTHGAR'S GRATULATION.
+
+     Hroethgar maethelode      (he to healle geong,
+     stod on stapole,      geseah steapne hrof
+     golde fahne      and Grendles hond):
+     "þisse ansyne      al-wealdan þanc
+930  "lungre gelimpe!      Fela ic laethes gebad,
+     "grynna aet Grendle:      a maeg god wyrcan
+     "wunder aefter wundre,      wuldres hyrde!
+     "Þaet waes ungeara,      þaet ic aenigra me
+     "weana ne wende      to widan feore
+935  "bote gebidan      þonne blode fah
+     "husa selest      heoro-dreorig stod;
+     "wea wid-scofen      witena gehwylcne
+     "þara þe ne wendon,      þaet hie wide-ferheth
+     "leoda land-geweorc      laethum beweredon
+940  "scuccum and scinnum.      Nu scealc hafaeth
+     "þurh drihtnes miht      daed gefremede,
+     "þe we ealle      aer ne meahton
+     "snyttrum besyrwan.      Hwaet! þaet secgan maeg
+     "efne swa hwylc maegetha,      swa þone magan cende
+945  "aefter gum-cynnum,      gyf heo gyt lyfaeth,
+     "þaet hyre eald-metod      este waere
+     "bearn-gebyrdo.      Nu ic Beowulf
+     "þec, secg betsta,      me for sunu wylle
+     "freogan on ferhethe;      heald foreth tela
+950  "niwe sibbe.      Ne bieth þe naenigra gad
+     "worolde wilna,      þe ic geweald haebbe.
+     "Ful-oft ic for laessan      lean teohhode
+     "hord-weorethunge      hnahran rince,
+     "saemran aet saecce.      Þu þe self hafast
+955  "daedum gefremed,      þaet þin dom lyfaeth
+     "awa to aldre.      Alwalda þec
+     "gode forgylde,      swa he nu gyt dyde!"
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+     "We þaet ellen-weorc      estum miclum,
+960  "feohtan fremedon,      frecne geneethdon
+     "eafoeth uncuethes;      uethe ic swiethor,
+     "þaet þu hinc selfne      geseon moste,
+     "feond on fraetewum      fyl-werigne!
+     "Ic hine hraedlice      heardan clammum
+965  "on wael-bedde      wriethan þohte,
+     "þaet he for mund-gripe      minum scolde
+     "licgean lif-bysig,      butan his lic swice;
+     "ic hine ne mihte,      þa metod nolde,
+     "ganges getwaeman,      no ic him þaes georne aetfealh,
+970  "feorh-geniethlan;      waes to fore-mihtig
+     "feond on feethe.      Hwaeethere he his folme forlet
+     "to lif-wraethe      last weardian,
+     "earm and eaxle;      no þaer aenige swa þeah
+     "fea-sceaft guma      frofre gebohte:
+975  "no þy leng leofaeth      laeth-geteona
+     "synnum geswenced,      ac hyne sar hafaeth
+     "in nyd-gripe      nearwe befongen,
+     "balwon bendum:      þaer abidan sceal
+     "maga mane fah      miclan domes,
+980  "hu him scir metod      scrifan wille."
+     Þa waes swigra secg,      sunu Ecglafes,
+     on gylp-spraece      gueth-geweorca,
+     siethethan aeethelingas      eorles craefte
+     ofer heahne hrof      hand sceawedon,
+985  feondes fingras,      foran aeghwylc;
+     waes stede naegla gehwylc,      style gelicost,
+     haeethenes hand-sporu      hilde-rinces
+     egle unheoru;      aeg-hwylc gecwaeeth,
+     þaet him heardra nan      hrinan wolde
+990  iren aer-god,      þaet þaes ahlaecan
+     blodge beadu-folme      onberan wolde.
+
+
+XVI. THE BANQUET AND THE GIFTS.
+
+     Þa waes haten hreethe      Heort innan-weard
+     folmum gefraetwod:      fela þaera waes
+     wera and wifa,      þe þaet win-reced,
+995  gest-sele gyredon.      Gold-fag scinon
+     web aefter wagum,      wundor-siona fela
+     secga gehwylcum      þara þe on swylc staraeth
+     Waes þaet beorhte bold      tobrocen swiethe
+     eal inne-weard      iren-bendum faest,
+1000 heorras tohlidene;      hrof ana genaes
+     ealles ansund,      þa se aglaeca
+     fyren-daedum fag      on fleam gewand,
+     aldres or-wena.      No þaet yethe byeth
+     to befleonne      (fremme se þe wille!)
+1005 ac gesacan sceal      sawl-berendra
+     nyde genydde      niethetha bearna
+     grund-buendra      gearwe stowe,
+     þaer his lic-homa      leger-bedde faest
+     swefeeth aefter symle.      Þa waes sael and mael,
+1010 þaet to healle gang      Healfdenes sunu;
+     wolde self cyning      symbel þicgan.
+     Ne gefraegen ic þa maegethe      maran weorode
+     ymb hyra sinc-gyfan      sel gebaeran.
+     Bugon þa to bence      blaed-agende,
+1015 fylle gefaegon.      Faegere geþaegon
+     medo-ful manig      magas + þara
+     swieth-hicgende      on sele þam hean,
+     Hroethgar and Hroethulf.      Heorot innan waes
+     freondum afylled;      nalles facen-stafas
+1020 Þeod-Scyldingas      þenden fremedon.
+     Forgeaf þa Beowulfe      bearn Healfdenes
+     segen gyldenne      sigores to leane,
+     hroden hilte-cumbor,      helm and byrnan;
+     maere maethethum-sweord      manige gesawon
+1025 beforan beorn beran.      Beowulf geþah
+     ful on flette;      no he þaere feoh-gyfte
+     for sceotendum      scamigan þorfte,
+     ne gefraegn ic freondlicor      feower madmas
+     golde gegyrede      gum-manna fela
+1030 in ealo-bence      oethrum gesellan.
+     Ymb þaes helmes hrof      heafod-beorge
+     wirum bewunden      walan utan heold,
+     þaet him fela lafe      frecne ne meahton
+     scur-heard sceethethan,      þonne scyld-freca
+1035 ongean gramum      gangan scolde.
+     Heht þa eorla hleo      eahta mearas,
+     faeted-hleore,      on flet teon
+     in under eoderas;      þara anum stod
+     sadol searwum fah      since gewurethad,
+1040 þaet waes hilde-setl      heah-cyninges,
+     þonne sweorda gelac      sunu Healfdenes
+     efnan wolde;      naefre on ore laeg
+     wid-cuethes wig,      þonne walu feollon.
+     And þa Beowulfe      bega gehwaeethres
+1045 eodor Ingwina      onweald geteah,
+     wicga and waepna;      het hine wel brucan.
+     Swa manlice      maere þeoden,
+     hord-weard haeleetha      heaetho-raesas geald
+     mearum and madmum,      swa hy naefre man lyheth,
+1050 se þe secgan wile      soeth aefter rihte.
+
+
+XVII. SONG OF HROTHGAR'S POET--THE LAY OF HNAEF AND HENGEST.
+
+     Þa gyt aeghwylcum      eorla drihten
+     þara þe mid Beowulfe      brim-lade teah,
+     on þaere medu-bence      maethethum gesealde,
+     yrfe-lafe,      and þone aenne heht
+1055 golde forgyldan,      þone þe Grendel aer
+     mane acwealde,      swa he hyra ma wolde,
+     nefne him witig god      wyrd forstode
+     and þaes mannes mod:      metod eallum weold
+     gumena cynnes,      swa he nu git deeth;
+1060 forþan bieth andgit      aeghwaer selest,
+     ferhethes fore-þanc!      fela sceal gebidan
+     leofes and laethes,      se þe longe her
+     on þyssum win-dagum      worolde bruceeth.
+     Þaer waes sang and sweg      samod aetgaedere
+1065 fore Healfdenes      hilde-wisan,
+     gomen-wudu greted,      gid oft wrecen,
+     þonne heal-gamen      Hroethgares scop
+     aefter medo-bence      maenan scolde
+     Finnes eaferum,      þa hie se faer begeat:
+1070 "Haeleeth Healfdenes,      Hnaef Scyldinga,
+     "in Fr..es waele      feallan scolde.
+     "Ne huru Hildeburh      herian þorfte
+     "Eotena treowe:      unsynnum weareth
+     "beloren leofum      aet þam lind-plegan
+1075 "bearnum and broethrum;      hie on gebyrd hruron
+     "gare wunde;      þaet waes geomuru ides.
+     "Nalles holinga      Hoces dohtor
+     "meotod-sceaft bemearn,      syethethan morgen com,
+     "þa heo under swegle      geseon meahte
+1080 "morethor-bealo maga,      þaer heo aer maeste heold
+     "worolde wynne:      wig ealle fornam
+     "Finnes þegnas,      nemne feaum anum,
+     "þaet he ne mehte      on þaem meethel-stede
+     "wig Hengeste      wiht gefeohtan,
+1085 "ne þa wea-lafe      wige forþringan
+     "þeodnes þegne;       ac hig him geþingo budon,
+     "þaet hie him oether flet      eal gerymdon,
+     "healle and heah-setl,      þaet hie healfre geweald
+     "wieth Eotena bearn      agan moston,
+1090 "and aet feoh-gyftum      Folcwaldan sunu
+     "dogra gehwylce      Dene weorethode,
+     "Hengestes heap      hringum wenede,
+     "efne swa swiethe      sinc-gestreonum
+     "faettan goldes,      swa he Fresena cyn
+1095 "on beor-sele      byldan wolde.
+     "Þa hie getruwedon      on twa healfa
+     "faeste frioethu-waere;      Fin Hengeste
+     "elne unflitme      aethum benemde,
+     "þaet he þa wea-lafe      weotena dome
+1100 "arum heolde,      þaet þaer aenig mon
+     "wordum ne worcum      waere ne braece,
+     "ne þurh inwit-searo      aefre gemaenden,
+     "þeah hie hira beag-gyfan      banan folgedon
+     "þeoden-lease,      þa him swa geþearfod waes:
+1105 "gyf þonne Frysna hwylc      frecnan spraece
+     "þaes morethor-hetes      myndgiend waere,
+     "þonne hit sweordes ecg      syethethan scolde.
+     "Aeth waes geaefned      and icge gold
+     "ahaefen of horde.      Here-Scyldinga
+1110 "betst beado-rinca      waes on bael gearu;
+     "aet þaem ade waes      eeth-gesyne
+     "swat-fah syrce,      swyn eal-gylden,
+     "eofer iren-heard,      aeetheling manig
+     "wundum awyrded;      sume on waele crungon.
+1115 "Het þa Hildeburh      aet Hnaefes ade
+     "hire selfre sunu      sweoloethe befaestan,
+     "ban-fatu baernan      and on bael don.
+     "Earme on eaxle      ides gnornode,
+     "geomrode giddum;      gueth-rinc astah.
+1120 "Wand to wolcnum      wael-fyra maest,
+     "hlynode for hlawe;      hafelan multon,
+     "ben-geato burston,      þonne blod aetspranc
+     "laeth-bite lices.      Lig ealle forswealg,
+     "gaesta gifrost,      þara þe þaer gueth fornam
+1125 "bega folces;      waes hira blaed scacen.
+
+
+XVIII. THE GLEEMAN'S TALE IS ENDED.
+
+     "Gewiton him þa wigend      wica neosian,
+     "freondum befeallen      Frysland geseon,
+     "hamas and hea-burh.      Hengest þa gyt
+     "wael-fagne winter      wunode mid Finne
+1130 "ealles unhlitme;      eard gemunde,
+     "þeah þe he ne meahte      on mere drifan
+     "hringed-stefnan;      holm storme weol,
+     "won wieth winde;      winter yethe beleac
+     "is-gebinde      oeth þaet oether com
+1135 "gear in geardas,      swa nu gyt deeth,
+     "þa þe syngales      sele bewitiaeth,
+     "wuldor-torhtan weder.      Þa waes winter scacen,
+     "faeger foldan bearm;      fundode wrecca,
+     "gist of geardum;      he to gyrn-wraece
+1140 "swiethor þohte,      þonne to sae-lade,
+     "gif he torn-gemot      þurhteon mihte,
+     "þaet he Eotena bearn      inne gemunde.
+     "Swa he ne forwyrnde      worold-raedenne,
+     "þonne him Hunlafing      hilde-leoman,
+1145 "billa selest,      on bearm dyde:
+     "þaes waeron mid Eotenum      ecge cuethe.
+     "Swylce ferheth-frecan      Fin eft begeat
+     "sweord-bealo sliethen      aet his selfes ham,
+     "siethethan grimne gripe      Guethlaf ond Oslaf
+1150 "aefter sae-siethe      sorge maendon,
+     "aetwiton weana dael;      ne meahte waefre mod
+     "forhabban in hreethre.      Þa waes heal hroden
+     "feonda feorum,      swilce Fin slaegen,
+     "cyning on corethre,      and seo cwen numen.
+1155 "Sceotend Scyldinga      to scypum feredon
+     "eal in-gesteald      eoreth-cyninges,
+     "swylce hie aet Finnes ham      findan meahton
+     "sigla searo-gimma.      Hie on sae-lade
+     "drihtlice wif      to Denum feredon,
+1160 "laeddon to leodum."      Leoeth waes asungen,
+     gleo-mannes gyd.      Gamen eft astah,
+     beorhtode benc-sweg,      byrelas sealdon
+     win of wunder-fatum.      Þa cwom Wealhþeo foreth
+     gan under gyldnum beage,      þaer þa godan twegen
+1165 saeton suhter-gefaederan;      þa gyt waes hiera sib aetgaedere
+     aeghwylc oethrum trywe.      Swylce þaer Unfereth þyle
+     aet fotum saet frean Scyldinga:      gehwylc hiora his ferhethe treowde,
+     þaet he haefde mod micel,      þeah þe he his magum naere
+     arfaest aet ecga gelacum.      Spraec þa ides Scyldinga:
+1170 "Onfoh þissum fulle,      freo-drihten min,
+     "sinces brytta;      þu on saelum wes,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      and to Geatum sprec
+     "mildum wordum!      Swa sceal man don.
+     "Beo wieth Geatas glaed,      geofena gemyndig;
+1175 "nean and feorran      þu nu friethu hafast.
+     "Me man saegde,      þaet þu þe for sunu wolde
+     "here-rinc habban.      Heorot is gefaelsod,
+     "beah-sele beorhta;      bruc þenden þu mote
+     "manigra meda      and þinum magum laef
+1180 "folc and rice,      þonne þu foreth scyle
+     "metod-sceaft seon.      Ic minne can
+     "glaedne Hroethulf,      þaet he þa geogoethe wile
+     "arum healdan,      gyf þu aer þonne he,
+     "wine Scildinga,      worold oflaetest;
+1185 "wene ic, þaet he mid gode      gyldan wille
+     "uncran eaferan,      gif he þaet eal gemon,
+     "hwaet wit to willan      and to woreth-myndum
+     "umbor wesendum aer      arna gefremedon."
+     Hwearf þa bi bence,      þaer hyre byre waeron,
+1190 Hreethric and Hroethmund,      and haeleetha bearn,
+     giogoeth aetgaedere;      þaer se goda saet
+     Beowulf Geata      be þaem gebroethrum twaem.
+
+
+XIX. BEOWULF'S JEWELLED COLLAR. THE HEROES REST.
+
+     Him waes ful boren      and freond-laethu
+     wordum bewaegned      and wunden gold
+1195 estum geeawed,      earm-hreade twa,
+     hraegl and hringas,      heals-beaga maest
+     þara þe ic on foldan      gefraegen haebbe.
+     Naenigne ic under swegle      selran hyrde
+     hord-maethethum haeleetha,      syethethan Hama aetwaeg
+1200 to þaere byrhtan byrig      Brosinga mene,
+     sigle and sinc-faet,      searo-niethas fealh
+     Eormenrices,      geceas ecne raed.
+     Þone hring haefde      Higelac Geata,
+     nefa Swertinges,      nyhstan siethe,
+1205 siethethan he under segne      sinc ealgode,
+     wael-reaf werede;      hyne Wyrd fornam,
+     syethethan he for wlenco      wean ahsode,
+     faehethe to Frysum;      he þa fraetwe waeg,
+     eorclan-stanas      ofer yetha ful,
+1210 rice þeoden,      he under rande gecranc;
+     gehwearf þa in Francna faeethm      feorh cyninges,
+     breost-gewaedu      and se beah somod:
+     wyrsan wig-frecan      wael reafedon
+     aefter gueth-sceare,      Geata leode
+1215 hrea-wic heoldon.      Heal swege onfeng.
+     Wealhþeo maethelode,      heo fore þaem werede spraec:
+     "Bruc þisses beages,      Beowulf, leofa
+     "hyse, mid haele,      and þisses hraegles neot
+     "þeod-gestreona,      and geþeoh tela,
+1220 "cen þec mid craefte      and þyssum cnyhtum wes
+     "lara liethe!      ic þe þaes lean geman.
+     "Hafast þu gefered,      þaet þe feor and neah
+     "ealne wide-ferheth      weras ehtigaeth,
+     "efne swa side      swa sae bebugeeth
+1225 "windige weallas.      Wes, þenden þu lifige,
+     "aeetheling eadig!      ic þe an tela
+     "sinc-gestreona.      Beo þu suna minum
+     "daedum gedefe      dream healdende!
+     "Her is aeghwylc eorl      oethrum getrywe,
+1230 "modes milde,      man-drihtne hold,
+     "þegnas syndon geþwaere,      þeod eal gearo:
+     "druncne dryht-guman,      doeth swa ic bidde!"
+     Eode þa to setle.      Þaer waes symbla cyst,
+     druncon win weras:      wyrd ne cuethon,
+1235 geo-sceaft grimme,      swa hit agangen weareth
+     eorla manegum,      syethethan aefen cwom
+     and him Hroethgar gewat      to hofe sinum,
+     rice to raeste.      Reced weardode
+     unrim eorla,      swa hie oft aer dydon:
+1240 benc-þelu beredon,      hit geond-braeded weareth
+     beddum and bolstrum.      Beor-scealca sum
+     fus and faege      flet-raeste gebeag.
+     Setton him to heafdum      hilde-randas,
+     bord-wudu beorhtan;      þaer on bence waes
+1245 ofer aeethelinge      yeth-gesene
+     heaetho-steapa helm,      hringed byrne,
+     þrec-wudu þrymlic.      Waes þeaw hyra,
+     þaet hie oft waeron      an wig gearwe,
+     ge aet ham ge on herge,      ge gehwaeether þara
+1250 efne swylce maela,      swylce hira man-dryhtne
+     þearf gesaelde;      waes seo þeod tilu.
+
+
+XX. GRENDEL'S MOTHER ATTACKS THE RING-DANES.
+
+     Sigon þa to slaepe.      Sum sare angeald
+     aefen-raeste,      swa him ful-oft gelamp,
+     siethethan gold-sele      Grendel warode,
+1255 unriht aefnde,      oeth þaet ende becwom,
+     swylt aefter synnum.      Þaet gesyne weareth,
+     wid-cueth werum,      þaette wrecend þa gyt
+     lifde aefter laethum,      lange þrage
+     aefter gueth-ceare;      Grendles modor,
+1260 ides aglaec-wif      yrmethe gemunde,
+     se þe waeter-egesan      wunian scolde,
+     cealde streamas,      siethethan Cain weareth
+     to ecg-banan      angan breether,
+     faederen-maege;      he þa fag gewat,
+1265 morethre gemearcod      man-dream fleon,
+     westen warode.      Þanon woc fela
+     geosceaft-gasta;      waes þaera Grendel sum,
+     heoro-wearh hetelic,      se aet Heorote fand
+     waeccendne wer      wiges bidan,
+1270 þaer him aglaeca      aet-graepe weareth;
+     hwaeethre he gemunde      maegenes strenge,
+     gim-faeste gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     and him to anwaldan      are gelyfde,
+     frofre and fultum:      þy he þone feond ofercwom,
+1275 gehnaegde helle gast:      þa he hean gewat,
+     dreame bedaeled      deaeth-wic seon,
+     man-cynnes feond.      And his modor þa gyt
+     gifre and galg-mod      gegan wolde
+     sorh-fulne sieth,      suna deaeth wrecan.
+1280 Com þa to Heorote,      þaer Hring-Dene
+     geond þaet saeld swaefun.      Þa þaer sona weareth
+     ed-hwyrft eorlum,      siethethan inne fealh
+     Grendles modor;      waes se gryre laessa
+     efne swa micle,      swa bieth maegetha craeft,
+1285 wig-gryre wifes      be waepned-men,
+     þonne heoru bunden,      hamere geþuren,
+     sweord swate fah      swin ofer helme,
+     ecgum dyhtig      andweard scireeth.
+     Þa waes on healle      heard-ecg togen,
+1290 sweord ofer setlum,      sid-rand manig
+     hafen handa faest;      helm ne gemunde,
+     byrnan side,      þe hine se broga angeat.
+     Heo waes on ofste,      wolde ut þanon
+     feore beorgan,      þa heo onfunden waes;
+1295 hraethe heo aeethelinga      anne haefde
+     faeste befangen,      þa heo to fenne gang;
+     se waes Hroethgare      haeleetha leofost
+     on gesiethes had      be saem tweonum,
+     rice rand-wiga,      þone þe heo on raeste abreat,
+1300 blaed-faestne beorn.      Naes Beowulf þaer,
+     ac waes oether in      aer geteohhod
+     aefter maethethum-gife      maerum Geate.
+     Hream weareth on Heorote.      Heo under heolfre genam
+     cuethe folme;      cearu waes geniwod
+1305 geworden in wicum:      ne waes þaet gewrixle til,
+     þaet hie on ba healfa      bicgan scoldon
+     freonda feorum.      Þa waes frod cyning,
+     har hilde-rinc,      on hreon mode,
+     syethethan he aldor-þegn      unlyfigendne,
+1310 þone deorestan      deadne wisse.
+     Hraethe waes to bure      Beowulf fetod,
+     sigor-eadig secg.      Samod aer-daege
+     eode eorla sum,      aeethele cempa
+     self mid gesiethum,      þaer se snottra bad,
+1315 hwaeethre him al-walda      aefre wille
+     aefter wea-spelle      wyrpe gefremman.
+     Gang þa aefter flore      fyrd-wyrethe man
+     mid his hand-scale      (heal-wudu dynede)
+     þaet he þone wisan      wordum hnaegde
+1320 frean Ingwina;      fraegn gif him waere
+     aefter neod-laethu      niht getaese.
+
+
+XXI. SORROW AT HEOROT: AESCHERE'S DEATH.
+
+     Hroethgar maethelode,      helm Scildinga:
+     "Ne frin þu aefter saelum!      Sorh is geniwod
+     "Denigea leodum.      Dead is Aesc-here,
+1325 "Yrmenlafes      yldra broethor,
+     "min run-wita      and min raed-bora,
+     "eaxl-gestealla,      þonne we on orlege
+     "hafelan weredon,      þonne hniton feethan,
+     "eoferas cnysedan;      swylc scolde eorl wesan
+1330 "aeetheling aer-god,      swylc Aesc-here waes.
+     "Weareth him on Heorote      to hand-banan
+     "wael-gaest waefre;      ic ne wat hwaeder
+     "atol aese wlanc      eft-siethas teah,
+     "fylle gefraegnod.      Heo þa faehethe wraec,
+1335 "þe þu gystran niht      Grendel cwealdest
+     "þurh haestne had      heardum clammum,
+     "forþan he to lange      leode mine
+     "wanode and wyrde.      He aet wige gecrang
+     "ealdres scyldig,      and nu oether cwom
+1340 "mihtig man-scaetha,      wolde hyre maeg wrecan,
+     "ge feor hafaeth      faehethe gestaeled,
+     "þaes þe þincean maeg      þegne monegum,
+     "se þe aefter sinc-gyfan      on sefan greoteeth,
+     "hreether-bealo hearde;      nu seo hand ligeeth,
+1345 "se þe eow wel-hwylcra      wilna dohte.
+     "Ic þaet lond-buend      leode mine
+     "sele-raedende      secgan hyrde,
+     "þaet hie gesawon      swylce twegen
+     "micle mearc-stapan      moras healdan,
+1350 "ellor-gaestas:      þaera oether waes,
+     "þaes þe hie gewislicost      gewitan meahton,
+     "idese onlicnes,      oether earm-sceapen
+     "on weres waestmum      wraec-lastas traed,
+     "naefne he waes mara      þonne aenig man oether,
+1355 "þone on gear-dagum      Grendel nemdon
+     "fold-buende:      no hie faeder cunnon,
+     "hwaeether him aenig waes      aer acenned
+     "dyrnra gasta.      Hie dygel lond
+     "warigeaeth, wulf-hleoethu,      windige naessas,
+1360 "frecne fen-gelad,      þaer fyrgen-stream
+     "under naessa genipu      niether gewiteeth,
+     "flod under foldan;      nis þaet feor heonon
+     "mil-gemearces,      þaet se mere standeeth,
+     "ofer þaem hongiaeth      hrimge bearwas,
+1365 "wudu wyrtum faest,      waeter oferhelmaeth.
+     "Þaer maeg nihta gehwaem      nieth-wundor seon,
+     "fyr on flode;      no þaes frod leofaeth
+     "gumena bearna,      þaet þone grund wite;
+     "þeah þe haeeth-stapa      hundum geswenced,
+1370 "heorot hornum trum      holt-wudu sece,
+     "feorran geflymed,      aer he feorh seleeth,
+     "aldor on ofre,      aer he in wille,
+     "hafelan hydan.      Nis þaet heoru stow:
+     "þonon yeth-geblond      up astigeeth
+1375 "won to wolcnum,      þonne wind styreeth
+     "laeth gewidru,      oeth þaet lyft drysmaeth,
+     "roderas reotaeth.      Nu is raed gelang
+     "eft aet þe anum!      Eard git ne const,
+     "frecne stowe,      þaer þu findan miht
+1380 "sinnigne secg:      sec gif þu dyrre!
+     "Ic þe þa faehethe      feo leanige,
+     "eald-gestreonum,      swa ic aer dyde,
+     "wundnum golde,      gyf þu on weg cymest."
+
+
+XXII. BEOWULF SEEKS THE MONSTER IN THE HAUNTS OF THE NIXIES.
+
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+1385 "Ne sorga, snotor guma!      selre bieth aeghwaem,
+     "þaet he his freond wrece,      þonne he fela murne;
+     "ure aeghwylc sceal      ende gebidan
+     "worolde lifes;      wyrce se þe mote
+     "domes aer deaethe!      þaet bieth driht-guman
+1390 "unlifgendum      aefter selest.
+     "Aris, rices weard;      uton hraethe feran,
+     "Grendles magan      gang sceawigan!
+     "Ic hit þe gehate:      no he on helm losaeth,
+     "ne on foldan faeethm,      ne on fyrgen-holt,
+1395 "ne on gyfenes grund,      ga þaer he wille.
+     "Þys dogor þu      geþyld hafa
+     "weana gehwylces,      swa ic þe wene to!"
+     Ahleop þa se gomela,      gode þancode,
+     mihtigan drihtne,      þaes se man gespraec.
+1400 Þa waes Hroethgare      hors gebaeted,
+     wicg wunden-feax.      Wisa fengel
+     geatolic gengde;      gum-feetha stop
+     lind-haebbendra.      Lastas waeron
+     aefter wald-swaethum      wide gesyne,
+1405 gang ofer grundas;      gegnum for þa
+     ofer myrcan mor,      mago-þegna baer
+     þone selestan      sawol-leasne,
+     þara þe mid Hroethgare      ham eahtode.
+     Ofer-eode þa      aeethelinga bearn
+1410 steap stan-hlietho,      stige nearwe,
+     enge an-paethas,      un-cueth gelad,
+     neowle naessas,      nicor-husa fela;
+     he feara sum      beforan gengde
+     wisra monna,      wong sceawian,
+1415 oeth þaet he faeringa      fyrgen-beamas
+     ofer harne stan      hleonian funde,
+     wyn-leasne wudu;      waeter under stod
+     dreorig and gedrefed.      Denum eallum waes,
+     winum Scyldinga,      weorce on mode,
+1420 to geþolianne      þegne monegum,
+     oncyeth eorla gehwaem,      syethethan Aesc-heres
+     on þam holm-clife      hafelan metton.
+     Flod blode weol      (folc to saegon)
+     hatan heolfre.      Horn stundum song
+1425 fuslic fyrd-leoeth.      Feetha eal gesaet;
+     gesawon þa aefter waetere      wyrm-cynnes fela,
+     sellice sae-dracan      sund cunnian,
+     swylce on naes-hleoethum      nicras licgean,
+     þa on undern-mael      oft bewitigaeth
+1430 sorh-fulne sieth      on segl-rade,
+     wyrmas and wil-deor;      hie on weg hruron
+     bitere and gebolgne,      bearhtm ongeaton,
+     gueth-horn galan.      Sumne Geata leod
+     of flan-bogan      feores getwaefde,
+1435 yeth-gewinnes,      þaet him on aldre stod
+     here-strael hearda;      he on holme waes
+     sundes þe saenra,      þe hyne swylt fornam.
+     Hraeethe weareth on yethum      mid eofer-spreotum
+     heoro-hocyhtum      hearde genearwod,
+1440 nietha genaeged      and on naes togen
+     wundorlic waeg-bora;      weras sceawedon
+     gryrelicne gist.      Gyrede hine Beowulf
+     eorl-gewaedum,      nalles for ealdre mearn:
+     scolde here-byrne      hondum gebroden,
+1445 sid and searo-fah,      sund cunnian,
+     seo þe ban-cofan      beorgan cuethe,
+     þaet him hilde-grap      hreethre ne mihte,
+     eorres inwit-feng,      aldre gesceethethan;
+     ac se hwita helm      hafelan werede,
+1450 se þe mere-grundas      mengan scolde,
+     secan sund-gebland      since geweorethad,
+     befongen frea-wrasnum,      swa hine fyrn-dagum
+     worhte waepna smieth,      wundrum teode,
+     besette swin-licum,      þaet hine syethethan no
+1455 brond ne beado-mecas      bitan ne meahton.
+     Naes þaet þonne maetost      maegen-fultuma,
+     þaet him on þearfe lah      þyle Hroethgares;
+     waes þaem haeft-mece      Hrunting nama,
+     þaet waes an foran      eald-gestreona;
+1460 ecg waes iren      ater-tearum fah,
+     ahyrded heaetho-swate;      naefre hit aet hilde ne swac
+     manna aengum      þara þe hit mid mundum bewand,
+     se þe gryre-siethas      gegan dorste,
+     folc-stede fara;      naes þaet forma sieth,
+1465 þaet hit ellen-weorc      aefnan scolde.
+     Huru ne gemunde      mago Ecglafes
+     eafoethes craeftig,      þaet he aer gespraec
+     wine druncen,      þa he þaes waepnes onlah
+     selran sweord-frecan:      selfa ne dorste
+1470 under yetha gewin      aldre geneethan,
+     driht-scype dreogan;      þaer he dome forleas,
+     ellen-maerethum.      Ne waes þaem oethrum swa,
+     syethethan he hine to guethe      gegyred haefde.
+
+
+XXIII. THE BATTLE WITH THE WATER-DRAKE.
+
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+1475 "geþenc nu, se maera      maga Healfdenes,
+     "snottra fengel,      nu ic eom siethes fus,
+     "gold-wine gumena,      hwaet wit geo spraecon,
+     "gif ic aet þearfe      þinre scolde
+     "aldre linnan,      þaet þu me a waere
+1480 "foreth-gewitenum      on faeder staele;
+     "wes þu mund-bora minum      mago-þegnum,
+     "hond-gesellum,      gif mec hild nime:
+     "swylce þu þa madmas,      þe þu me sealdest,
+     "Hroethgar leofa,      Higelace onsend.
+1485 "Maeg þonne on þaem golde ongitan      Geata dryhten,
+     "geseon sunu Hreethles,      þonne he on þaet sinc staraeth,
+     "þaet ic gum-cystum      godne funde
+     "beaga bryttan,      breac þonne moste.
+     "And þu Unfereth laet      ealde lafe,
+1490 "wraetlic waeg-sweord      wid-cuethne man
+     "heard-ecg habban;      ic me mid Hruntinge
+     "dom gewyrce,      oethethe mec deaeth nimeeth."
+     Aefter þaem wordum      Weder-Geata leod
+     efste mid elne,      nalas andsware
+1495 bidan wolde;      brim-wylm onfeng
+     hilde-rince.      Þa waes hwil daeges,
+     aer he þone grund-wong      ongytan mehte.
+     Sona þaet onfunde,      se þe floda begong
+     heoro-gifre beheold      hund missera,
+1500 grim and graedig,      þaet þaer gumena sum
+     ael-wihta eard      ufan cunnode.
+     Grap þa togeanes,      gueth-rinc gefeng
+     atolan clommum;      no þy aer in gescod
+     halan lice:      hring utan ymb-bearh,
+1505 þaet heo þone fyrd-hom      þurh-fon ne mihte,
+     locene leoetho-syrcan      laethan fingrum.
+     Baer þa seo brim-wylf,      þa heo to botme com,
+     hringa þengel      to hofe sinum,
+     swa he ne mihte no      (he þaes modig waes)
+1510 waepna gewealdan,      ac hine wundra þaes fela
+     swencte on sunde,      sae-deor monig
+     hilde-tuxum      here-syrcan braec,
+     ehton aglaecan.      Þa se eorl ongeat,
+     þaet he in nieth-sele      nat-hwylcum waes,
+1515 þaer him naenig waeter      wihte ne sceethede,
+     ne him for hrof-sele      hrinan ne mehte
+     faer-gripe flodes:      fyr-leoht geseah,
+     blacne leoman      beorhte scinan.
+     Ongeat þa se goda      grund-wyrgenne,
+1520 mere-wif mihtig;      maegen-raes forgeaf
+     hilde-bille,      hond swenge ne ofteah,
+     þaet hire on hafelan      hring-mael agol
+     graedig gueth-leoeth.      Þa se gist onfand,
+     þaet se beado-leoma      bitan nolde,
+1525 aldre sceethethan,      ac seo ecg geswac
+     þeodne aet þearfe:      þolode aer fela
+     hond-gemota,      helm oft gescaer,
+     faeges fyrd-hraegl:      þaet waes forma sieth
+     deorum maethme,      þaet his dom alaeg.
+1530 Eft waes an-raed,      nalas elnes laet,
+     maeretha gemyndig      maeg Hygelaces;
+     wearp þa wunden-mael      wraettum gebunden
+     yrre oretta,      þaet hit on eorethan laeg,
+     stieth and styl-ecg;      strenge getruwode,
+1535 mund-gripe maegenes.      Swa sceal man don,
+     þonne he aet guethe      gegan þenceeth
+     longsumne lof,      na ymb his lif cearaeth.
+     Gefeng þa be eaxle      (nalas for faehethe mearn)
+     Gueth-Geata leod      Grendles modor;
+1540 braegd þa beadwe heard,      þa he gebolgen waes,
+     feorh-geniethlan,      þaet heo on flet gebeah.
+     Heo him eft hraethe      and-lean forgeald
+     grimman grapum      and him togeanes feng;
+     oferwearp þa werig-mod      wigena strengest,
+1545 feethe-cempa,      þaet he on fylle weareth.
+     Ofsaet þa þone sele-gyst      and hyre seaxe geteah,
+     brad and brun-ecg      wolde hire bearn wrecan,
+     angan eaferan.      Him on eaxle laeg
+     breost-net broden;      þaet gebearh feore,
+1550 wieth ord and wieth ecge      ingang forstod.
+     Haefde þa forsiethod      sunu Ecgþeowes
+     under gynne grund,      Geata cempa,
+     nemne him heaetho-byrne      helpe gefremede,
+     here-net hearde,      and halig god
+1555 geweold wig-sigor,      witig drihten;
+     rodera raedend      hit on ryht gesced,
+     yethelice      syethethan he eft astod.
+
+
+XXIV. BEOWULF SLAYS THE SPRITE.
+
+     Geseah þa on searwum      sige-eadig bil,
+     eald sweord eotenisc      ecgum þyhtig,
+1560 wigena weoreth-mynd:      þaet waes waepna cyst,
+     buton hit waes mare      þonne aenig mon oether
+     to beadu-lace      aetberan meahte
+     god and geatolic      giganta geweorc.
+     He gefeng þa fetel-hilt,      freca Scildinga,
+1565 hreoh and heoro-grim      hring-mael gebraegd,
+     aldres orwena,      yrringa sloh,
+     þaet hire wieth halse      heard grapode,
+     ban-hringas braec,      bil eal þurh-wod
+     faegne flaesc-homan,      heo on flet gecrong;
+1570 sweord waes swatig,      secg weorce gefeh.
+     Lixte se leoma,      leoht inne stod,
+     efne swa of hefene      hadre scineeth
+     rodores candel.      He aefter recede wlat,
+     hwearf þa be wealle,      waepen hafenade
+1575 heard be hiltum      Higelaces þegn,
+     yrre and an-raed.      Naes seo ecg fracod
+     hilde-rince,      ac he hraethe wolde
+     Grendle forgyldan      gueth-raesa fela
+     þara þe he geworhte      to West-Denum
+1580 oftor micle      þonne on aenne sieth,
+     þonne he Hroethgares      heoreth-geneatas
+     sloh on sweofote,      slaepende fraet
+     folces Denigea      fyf-tyne men
+     and oether swylc      ut of-ferede,
+1585 laethlicu lac.      He him þaes lean forgeald,
+     reethe cempa,      to þaes þe he on raeste geseah
+     gueth-werigne      Grendel licgan,
+     aldor-leasne,      swa him aer gescod
+     hild aet Heorote;      hra wide sprong,
+1590 syethethan he aefter deaethe      drepe þrowade,
+     heoro-sweng heardne,      and hine þa heafde becearf,
+     Sona þaet gesawon      snottre ceorlas,
+     þa þe mid Hroethgare      on holm wliton,
+     þaet waes yeth-geblond      eal gemenged,
+1595 brim blode fah:      blonden-feaxe
+     gomele ymb godne      ongeador spraecon,
+     þaet hig þaes aeethelinges      eft ne wendon,
+     þaet he sige-hreethig      secean come
+     maerne þeoden;      þa þaes monige geweareth,
+1600 þaet hine seo brim-wylf      abroten haefde.
+     Þa com non daeges.      Naes ofgeafon
+     hwate Scyldingas; gewat him ham þonon
+     gold-wine gumena.      Gistas setan,
+     modes seoce,      and on mere staredon,
+1605 wiston and ne wendon,      þaet hie heora wine-drihten
+     selfne gesawon.      Þa þaet sweord ongan
+     aefter heaetho-swate      hilde-gicelum
+     wig-bil wanian;      þaet waes wundra sum,
+     þaet hit eal gemealt      ise gelicost,
+1610 þonne forstes bend      faeder onlaeteeth,
+     onwindeeth wael-rapas,      se þe geweald hafaeth
+     saela and maela;      þaet is soeth metod.
+     Ne nom he in þaem wicum,      Weder-Geata leod,
+     maethm-aehta ma,      þeh he þaer monige geseah,
+1615 buton þone hafelan      and þa hilt somod,
+     since fage;      sweord aer gemealt,
+     forbarn broden mael:      waes þaet blod to þaes hat,
+     aettren ellor-gaest,      se þaer inne swealt.
+     Sona waes on sunde,      se þe aer aet saecce gebad
+1620 wig-hryre wraethra,      waeter up þurh-deaf;
+     waeron yeth-gebland      eal gefaelsod,
+     eacne eardas,      þa se ellor-gast
+     oflet lif-dagas      and þas laenan gesceaft.
+     Com þa to lande      lid-manna helm
+1625 swieth-mod swymman,      sae-lace gefeah,
+     maegen-byrethenne      þara þe he him mid haefde.
+     Eodon him þa togeanes,      gode þancodon,
+     þryethlic þegna heap,      þeodnes gefegon,
+     þaes þe hi hyne gesundne      geseon moston.
+1630 Þa waes of þaem hroran      helm and byrne
+     lungre alysed:      lagu drusade,
+     waeter under wolcnum,      wael-dreore fag.
+     Ferdon foreth þonon      feethe-lastum
+     ferhethum faegne,      fold-weg maeton,
+1635 cuethe straete;      cyning-balde men
+     from þaem holm-clife      hafelan baeron
+     earfoethlice      heora aeghwaeethrum
+     fela-modigra:      feower scoldon
+     on ethaem wael-stenge      weorcum geferian
+1640 to þaem gold-sele      Grendles heafod,
+     oeth þaet semninga      to sele comon
+     frome fyrd-hwate      feower-tyne
+     Geata gongan;      gum-dryhten mid
+     modig on gemonge      meodo-wongas traed.
+1645 Þa com in gan      ealdor þegna,
+     daed-cene mon      dome gewurethad,
+     haele hilde-deor.      Hroethgar gretan:
+     Þa waes be feaxe      on flet boren
+     Grendles heafod,      þaer guman druncon,
+1650 egeslic for eorlum      and þaere idese mid:
+     wlite-seon wraetlic      weras onsawon.
+
+
+XXV. HROTHGAR'S GRATITUDE: HE DISCOURSES.
+
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+     "Hwaet! we þe þas sae-lac,      sunu Healfdenes,
+     "leod Scyldinga,      lustum brohton,
+1655 "tires to tacne,      þe þu her to locast.
+     "Ic þaet unsofte      ealdre gedigde:
+     "wige under waetere      weorc geneethde
+     "earfoethlice,      aet-rihte waes
+     "gueth getwaefed,      nymethe mec god scylde.
+1660 "Ne meahte ic aet hilde      mid Hruntinge
+     "wiht gewyrcan,      þeah þaet waepen duge,
+     "ac me geuethe      ylda waldend,
+     "þaet ic on wage geseah      wlitig hangian
+     "eald sweord eacen      (oftost wisode
+1665 "winigea leasum)      þaet ic þy waepne gebraed.
+     "Ofsloh þa aet þaere saecce      (þa me sael ageald)
+     "huses hyrdas.      Þa þaet hilde-bil
+     "forbarn, brogden mael,      swa þaet blod gesprang,
+     "hatost heaetho-swata:      ic þaet hilt þanan
+1670 "feondum aetferede;      fyren-daeda wraec,
+     "deaeth-cwealm Denigea,      swa hit gedefe waes.
+     "Ic hit þe þonne gehate,      þaet þu on Heorote most
+     "sorh-leas swefan      mid þinra secga gedryht,
+     "and þegna gehwylc      þinra leoda,
+1675 "duguethe and iogoethe,      þaet þu him ondraedan ne þearft,
+     "þeoden Scyldinga,      on þa healfe,
+     "aldor-bealu eorlum,      swa þu aer dydest."
+     Þa waes gylden hilt      gamelum rince.
+     harum hild-fruman,      on hand gyfen,
+1680 enta aer-geweorc,      hit on aeht gehwearf
+     aefter deofla hryre      Denigea frean,
+     wundor-smietha geweorc,      and þa þas worold ofgeaf
+     grom-heort guma,      godes andsaca,
+     morethres scyldig,      and his modor eac;
+1685 on geweald gehwearf      worold-cyninga
+     þaem selestan      be saem tweonum
+     þara þe on Sceden-igge      sceattas daelde.
+     Hroethgar maethelode,      hylt sceawode,
+     ealde lafe,      on þaem waes or writen
+1690 fyrn-gewinnes:      syethethan flod ofsloh,
+     gifen geotende,      giganta cyn,
+     frecne geferdon:      þaet waes fremde þeod
+     ecean dryhtne,      him þaes ende-lean
+     þurh waeteres wylm      waldend sealde.
+1695 Swa waes on þaem scennum      sciran goldes
+     þurh run-stafas      rihte gemearcod,
+     geseted and gesaed,      hwam þaet sweord geworht,
+     irena cyst      aerest waere,
+     wreoethen-hilt and wyrm-fah.      Þa se wisa spraec
+1700 sunu Healfdenes      (swigedon ealle):
+     "Þaet la maeg secgan,      se þe soeth and riht
+     "fremeeth on folce,      (feor eal gemon
+     "eald eethel-weard),      þaet þes eorl waere
+     "geboren betera!      Blaed is araered
+1705 "geond wid-wegas,      wine min Beowulf,
+     "þin ofer þeoda gehwylce.      Eal þu hit geþyldum healdest,
+     "maegen mid modes snyttrum.      Ic þe sceal mine gelaestan
+     "freode, swa wit furethum spraecon;      þu scealt to frofre weorethan
+     "eal lang-twidig      leodum þinum,
+1710 "haeleethum to helpe.      Ne weareth Heremod swa
+     "eaforum Ecgwelan,      Ar-Scyldingum;
+     "ne geweox he him to willan,      ac to wael-fealle
+     "and to deaeth-cwalum      Deniga leodum;
+     "breat bolgen-mod      beod-geneatas,
+1715 "eaxl-gesteallan,      oeth þaet he ana hwearf,
+     "maere þeoden.      mon-dreamum from:
+     "þeah þe hine mihtig god      maegenes wynnum,
+     "eafeethum stepte,      ofer ealle men
+     "foreth gefremede,      hwaeethere him on ferhethe greow
+1720 "breost-hord blod-reow:      nallas beagas geaf
+     "Denum aefter dome;      dream-leas gebad,
+     "þaet he þaes gewinnes      weorc þrowade,
+     "leod-bealo longsum.      Þu þe laer be þon,
+     "gum-cyste ongit!      ic þis gid be þe
+1725 "awraec wintrum frod.      Wundor is to secganne,
+     "hu mihtig god      manna cynne
+     "þurh sidne sefan      snyttru bryttaeth,
+     "eard and eorl-scipe,      he ah ealra geweald.
+     "Hwilum he on lufan      laeteeth hworfan
+1730 "monnes mod-geþonc      maeran cynnes,
+     "seleeth him on eethle      eorethan wynne,
+     "to healdanne      hleo-burh wera,
+     "gedeeth him swa gewealdene      worolde daelas,
+     "side rice,      þaet he his selfa ne maeg
+1735 "for his un-snyttrum      ende geþencean;
+     "wunaeth he on wiste,      no hine wiht dweleeth,
+     "adl ne yldo,      ne him inwit-sorh
+     "on sefan sweorceeth,      ne gesacu ohwaer,
+     "ecg-hete eoweeth,      ac him eal worold
+1740 "wendeeth on willan;      he þaet wyrse ne con,
+     "oeth þaet him on innan      ofer-hygda dael
+     "weaxeeth and wridaeth,      þonne se weard swefeeth,
+     "sawele hyrde:      bieth se slaep to faest,
+     "bisgum gebunden,      bona swiethe neah,
+1745 "se þe of flan-bogan      fyrenum sceoteeth.
+
+
+XXVI. THE DISCOURSE IS ENDED.--BEOWULF PREPARES TO LEAVE.
+
+     "Þonne bieth on hreethre      under helm drepen
+     "biteran straele:      him bebeorgan ne con
+     "wom wundor-bebodum      wergan gastes;
+     "þinceeth him to lytel,      þaet he to lange heold,
+1750 "gytsaeth grom-hydig,      nallas on gylp seleeth
+     "faette beagas      and he þa foreth-gesceaft
+     "forgyteeth and forgymeeth,      þaes þe him aer god sealde
+     "wuldres waldend,      weoreth-mynda dael.
+     "Hit on ende-staef      eft gelimpeeth,
+1755 "þaet se lic-homa      laene gedreoseeth,
+     "faege gefealleeth;      feheth oether to,
+     "se þe unmurnlice      madmas daeleeth,
+     "eorles aer-gestreon,      egesan ne gymeeth.
+     "Bebeorh þe þone bealo-nieth,      Beowulf leofa,
+1760 "secg se betsta,      and þe þaet selre geceos,
+     "ece raedas;      oferhyda ne gym,
+     "maere cempa!      Nu is þines maegnes blaed
+     "ane hwile;      eft sona bieth,
+     "þaet þec adl oethethe ecg      eafoethes getwaefeeth,
+1765 "oethethe fyres feng      oethethe flodes wylm,
+     "oethethe gripe meces      oethethe gares fliht,
+     "oethethe atol yldo,      oethethe eagena bearhtm
+     "forsiteeth and forsworceeth;      semninga bieth,
+     "þaet þec, dryht-guma,      deaeth oferswyetheeth.
+1770 "Swa ic Hring-Dena      hund missera
+     "weold under wolcnum,      and hig wige beleac
+     "manigum maegetha      geond þysne middan-geard,
+     "aescum and ecgum,      þaet ic me aenigne
+     "under swegles begong      gesacan ne tealde.
+1775 "Hwaet! me þaes on eethle      edwenden cwom,
+     "gyrn aefter gomene,      seoethethan Grendel weareth,
+     "eald-gewinna,      in-genga min:
+     "ic þaere socne      singales waeg
+     "mod-ceare micle.      Þaes sig metode þanc,
+1780 "ecean drihtne,      þaes þe ic on aldre gebad,
+     "þaet ic on þone hafelan      heoro-dreorigne
+     "ofer eald gewin      eagum starige!
+     "Ga nu to setle,      symbel-wynne dreoh
+     "wigge weorethad:      unc sceal worn fela
+1785 "maethma gemaenra,      siethethan morgen bieth."
+     Geat waes glaed-mod,      geong sona to,
+     setles neosan,      swa se snottra heht.
+     Þa waes eft swa aer      ellen-rofum,
+     flet-sittendum      faegere gereorded
+1790 niowan stefne.      Niht-helm geswearc
+     deorc ofer dryht-gumum.      Dugueth eal aras;
+     wolde blonden-feax      beddes neosan,
+     gamela Scylding.      Geat ungemetes wel,
+     rofne rand-wigan      restan lyste:
+1795 sona him sele-þegn      siethes wergum,
+     feorran-cundum      foreth wisade,
+     se for andrysnum      ealle beweotede
+     þegnes þearfe,      swylce þy dogore
+     heaetho-liethende      habban scoldon.
+1800 Reste hine þa rum-heort;      reced hlifade
+     geap and gold-fah,      gaest inne swaef,
+     oeth þaet hrefn blaca      heofones wynne
+     blieth-heort bodode.      Þa com beorht sunne
+     scacan ofer grundas;      scaethan onetton,
+1805 waeron aeethelingas      eft to leodum
+     fuse to farenne,      wolde feor þanon
+     cuma collen-ferheth      ceoles neosan.
+     Heht þa se hearda      Hrunting beran,
+     sunu Ecglafes,      heht his sweord niman,
+1810 leoflic iren;      saegde him þaes leanes þanc,
+     cwaeeth he þone gueth-wine      godne tealde,
+     wig-craeftigne,      nales wordum log
+     meces ecge:      þaet waes modig secg.
+     And þa sieth-frome      searwum gearwe
+1815 wigend waeron,      eode weoreth Denum
+     aeetheling to yppan,      þaer se oether waes
+     haele hilde-deor,      Hroethgar grette.
+
+
+XXVII. THE PARTING WORDS.
+
+     Beowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+     "Nu we sae-liethend      secgan wyllaeth
+1820 "feorran cumene,      þaet we fundiaeth
+     "Higelac secan.      Waeron her tela
+     "willum bewenede;      þu us wel dohtest.
+     "Gif ic þonne on eorethan      owihte maeg
+     "þinre mod-lufan      maran tilian,
+1825 "gumena dryhten,      þonne ic gyt dyde,
+     "gueth-geweorca      ic beo gearo sona.
+     "Gif ic þaet gefricge      ofer floda begang,
+     "þaet þec ymbe-sittend      egesan þywaeth,
+     "swa þec hetende      hwilum dydon,
+1830 "ic þe þusenda      þegna bringe,
+     "haeleetha to helpe.      Ic on Higelace wat,
+     "Geata dryhten,      þeah þe he geong sy,
+     "folces hyrde,      þaet he mec fremman wile
+     "wordum and worcum,      þaet ic þe wel herige,
+1835 "and þe to geoce      gar-holt bere
+     "maegenes fultum,      þaer þe bieth manna þearf;
+     "gif him þonne Hreethric      to hofum Geata
+     "geþingeeth, þeodnes bearn,      he maeg þaer fela
+     "freonda findan:      feor-cyethethe beoeth
+1840 "selran gesohte      þaem þe him selfa deah."
+     Hroethgar maethelode      him on andsware:
+     "Þe þa word-cwydas      wittig drihten
+     "on sefan sende!      ne hyrde ic snotorlicor
+     "on swa geongum feore      guman þingian:
+1845 "þu eart maegenes strang      and on mode frod,
+     "wis word-cwida.      Wen ic talige,
+     "gif þaet gegangeeth,      þaet þe gar nymeeth,
+     "hild heoru-grimme      Hreethles eaferan,
+     "adl oethethe iren      ealdor þinne,
+1850 "folces hyrde,      and þu þin feorh hafast,
+     "þaet þe Sae-Geatas      selran naebben
+     "to geceosenne      cyning aenigne,
+     "hord-weard haeleetha,      gif þu healdan wylt
+     "maga rice.      Me þin mod-sefa
+1855 "licaeth leng swa wel,      leofa Beowulf:
+     "hafast þu gefered,      þaet þam folcum sceal,
+     "Geata leodum      and Gar-Denum
+     "sib gemaenum      and sacu restan,
+     "inwit-niethas,      þe hie aer drugon;
+1860 "wesan, þenden ic wealde      widan rices,
+     "maethmas gemaene,      manig oetherne
+     "godum gegretan      ofer ganotes baeeth;
+     "sceal hring-naca      ofer heaethu bringan
+     "lac and luf-tacen.      Ic þa leode wat
+1865 "ge wieth feond ge wieth freond      faeste geworhte
+     "aeghwaes untaele      ealde wisan."
+     Þa git him eorla hleo      inne gesealde,
+     mago Healfdenes      maethmas twelfe,
+     het hine mid þaem lacum      leode swaese
+1870 secean on gesyntum,      snude eft cuman.
+     Gecyste þa      cyning aeethelum god,
+     þeoden Scildinga,      þegen betstan
+     and be healse genam;      hruron him tearas,
+     blonden-feaxum:      him waes bega wen,
+1875 ealdum infrodum,      oethres swiethor,
+     þaet hi seoethethan      geseon moston
+     modige on meethle.      Waes him se man to þon leof,
+     þaet he þone breost-wylm      forberan ne mehte,
+     ac him on hreethre      hyge-bendum faest
+1880 aefter deorum men      dyrne langaeth
+     beorn wieth blode.      Him Beowulf þanan,
+     gueth-rinc gold-wlanc      graes-moldan traed,
+     since hremig:      sae-genga bad
+     agend-frean,      se þe on ancre rad.
+1885 Þa waes on gange      gifu Hroethgares
+     oft geaehted:      þaet waes an cyning
+     aeghwaes orleahtre,      oeth þaet hine yldo benam
+     maegenes wynnum,      se þe oft manegum scod.
+
+
+XXVIII. BEOWULF RETURNS TO GEATLAND.--THE QUEENS HYGD AND THRYTHO.
+
+     Cwom þa to flode      fela-modigra
+1890 haeg-stealdra heap;      hring-net baeron,
+     locene leoetho-syrcan.      Land-weard onfand
+     eft-sieth eorla,      swa he aer dyde;
+     no he mid hearme      of hliethes nosan
+     gaestas grette,      ac him togeanes rad;
+1895 cwaeeth þaet wilcuman      Wedera leodum
+     scawan scir-hame      to scipe foron.
+     Þa waes on sande      sae-geap naca
+     hladen here-waedum,      hringed-stefna
+     mearum and maethmum:      maest hlifade
+1900 ofer Hroethgares      hord-gestreonum.
+     He þaem bat-wearde      bunden golde
+     swurd gesealde,      þaet he syethethan waes
+     on meodu-bence      maethme þy weorethra,
+     yrfe-lafe.      Gewat him on yeth-nacan,
+1905 drefan deop waeter,      Dena land ofgeaf.
+     Þa waes be maeste      mere-hraegla sum,
+     segl sale faest.      Sund-wudu þunede,
+     no þaer weg-flotan      wind ofer yethum
+     siethes getwaefde;      sae-genga for,
+1910 fleat famig-heals      foreth ofer yethe,
+     bunden-stefna      ofer brim-streamas,
+     þaet hie Geata clifu      ongitan meahton,
+     cuethe naessas.      Ceol up geþrang,
+     lyft-geswenced      on lande stod.
+1915 Hraethe waes aet holme      hyeth-weard gearo,
+     se þe aer lange tid,      leofra manna
+     fus, aet faroethe      feor wlatode;
+     saelde to sande      sid-faeethme scip
+     oncer-bendum faest,      þy laes hym yetha þrym
+1920 wudu wynsuman      forwrecan meahte.
+     Het þa up beran      aeethelinga gestreon,
+     fraetwe and faet-gold;      naes him feor þanon
+     to gesecanne      sinces bryttan:
+     Higelac Hreethling      þaer aet ham wunaeth,
+1925 selfa mid gesiethum      sae-wealle neah;
+     bold waes betlic,      brego-rof cyning,
+     hea on healle,      Hygd swiethe geong,
+     wis, wel-þungen,      þeah þe wintra lyt
+     under burh-locan      gebiden haebbe
+1930 Haereethes dohtor:      naes hio hnah swa þeah,
+     ne to gneaeth gifa      Geata leodum,
+     maethm-gestreona.      Mod Þryetho waeg,
+     fremu folces cwen,      firen ondrysne:
+     naenig þaet dorste      deor geneethan
+1935 swaesra gesietha,      nefne sin-frea,
+     þaet hire an daeges      eagum starede;
+     ac him wael-bende      weotode tealde,
+     hand-gewriethene:      hraethe seoethethan waes
+     aefter mund-gripe      mece geþinged,
+1940 þaet hit sceaethen-mael      scyran moste,
+     cwealm-bealu cyethan.      Ne bieth swylc cwenlic þeaw
+     idese to efnanne,      þeah þe hio aenlicu sy,
+     þaette freoethu-webbe      feores onsaece
+     aefter lige-torne      leofne mannan.
+1945 Huru þaet onhohsnode      Heminges maeg;
+     ealo drincende      oether saedan,
+     þaet hio leod-bealewa      laes gefremede,
+     inwit-nietha,      syethethan aerest weareth
+     gyfen gold-hroden      geongum cempan,
+1950 aeethelum diore,      syethethan hio Offan flet
+     ofer fealone flod      be faeder lare
+     siethe gesohte,      þaer hio syethethan wel
+     in gum-stole,      gode maere,
+     lif-gesceafta      lifigende breac,
+1955 hiold heah-lufan      wieth haeleetha brego,
+     ealles mon-cynnes      mine gefraege
+     þone selestan      bi saem tweonum
+     eormen-cynnes;      forþam Offa waes
+     geofum and guethum      gar-cene man,
+1960 wide geweorethod;      wisdome heold
+     eethel sinne,      þonon Eomaer woc
+     haeleethum to helpe,      Heminges maeg,
+     nefa Garmundes,      nietha craeftig.
+
+
+XXIX. HIS ARRIVAL. HYGELAC'S RECEPTION.
+
+     Gewat him þa se hearda      mid his hond-scole
+1965 sylf aefter sande      sae-wong tredan,
+     wide waroethas.      Woruld-candel scan,
+     sigel suethan fus:      hi sieth drugon,
+     elne geeodon,      to þaes þe eorla hleo,
+     bonan Ongenþeowes      burgum on innan,
+1970 geongne gueth-cyning      godne gefrunon
+     hringas daelan.      Higelace waes
+     sieth Beowulfes      snude gecyethed,
+     þaet þaer on worethig      wigendra hleo,
+     lind-gestealla      lifigende cwom,
+1975 heaetho-laces hal      to hofe gongan.
+     Hraethe waes gerymed,      swa se rica bebead,
+     feethe-gestum      flet innan-weard.
+     Gesaet þa wieth sylfne,      se þa saecce genaes,
+     maeg wieth maege,      syethethan man-dryhten
+1980 þurh hleoethor-cwyde      holdne gegrette
+     meaglum wordum.      Meodu-scencum
+     hwearf geond þaet reced      Haereethes dohtor:
+     lufode þa leode,      lieth-waege baer
+     haelum to handa.      Higelac ongan
+1985 sinne geseldan      in sele þam hean
+     faegre fricgean,      hyne fyrwet braec,
+     hwylce Sae-Geata      siethas waeron:
+     "Hu lomp eow on lade,      leofa Biowulf,
+     "þa þu faeringa      feorr gehogodest,
+1990 "saecce secean      ofer sealt waeter,
+     "hilde to Hiorote?      Ac þu Hroethgare
+     "wid-cuethne wean      wihte gebettest,
+     "maerum þeodne?      Ic þaes mod-ceare
+     "sorh-wylmum seaeth,      siethe ne truwode
+1995 "leofes mannes;      ic þe lange baed,
+     "þaet þu þone wael-gaest      wihte ne grette,
+     "lete Sueth-Dene      sylfe geweorethan
+     "guethe wieth Grendel.      Gode ic þanc secge,
+     "þaes þe ic þe gesundne      geseon moste."
+2000 Biowulf maethelode,      bearn Ecgþiowes:
+     "Þaet is undyrne,      dryhten Higelac,
+     "maere gemeting      monegum fira,
+     "hwylc orleg-hwil      uncer Grendles
+     "weareth on þam wange,      þaer he worna fela
+2005 "Sige-Scildingum      sorge gefremede,
+     "yrmethe to aldre;      ic þaet eal gewraec,
+     "swa ne gylpan þearf      Grendeles maga
+     "aenig ofer eorethan      uht-hlem þone,
+     "se þe lengest leofaeth      laethan cynnes,
+2010 "fenne bifongen.      Ic þaer furethum cwom,
+     "to þam hring-sele      Hroethgar gretan:
+     "sona me se maera      mago Healfdenes,
+     "syethethan he mod-sefan      minne cuethe,
+     "wieth his sylfes sunu      setl getaehte.
+2015 "Weorod waes on wynne;      ne seah ic widan feorh
+     "under heofenes hwealf      heal-sittendra
+     "medu-dream maran.      Hwilum maeru cwen,
+     "friethu-sibb folca      flet eall geond-hwearf,
+     "baedde byre geonge;      oft hio beah-wriethan
+2020 "secge sealde,      aer hio to setle geong.
+     "Hwilum for duguethe      dohtor Hroethgares
+     "eorlum on ende      ealu-waege baer,
+     "þa ic Freaware      flet-sittende
+     "nemnan hyrde,      þaer hio naegled sinc
+2025 "haeleethum sealde:      sio gehaten waes,
+     "geong gold-hroden,      gladum suna Frodan;
+     "hafaeth þaes geworden      wine Scyldinga
+     "rices hyrde      and þaet raed talaeth,
+     "þaet he mid þy wife      wael-faehetha dael,
+2030 "saecca gesette.      Oft no seldan hwaer
+     "aefter leod-hryre      lytle hwile
+     "bon-gar bugeeth,      þeah seo bryd duge!
+
+
+XXX. BEOWULF'S STORY OF THE SLAYINGS.
+
+     "Maeg þaes þonne ofþyncan      þeoden Heaethobeardna
+     "and þegna gehwam      þara leoda,
+2035 "þonne he mid faemnan      on flett gaeeth,
+     "dryht-bearn Dena      duguetha biwenede:
+     "on him gladiaeth      gomelra lafe
+     "heard and hring-mael,      Heaethobeardna gestreon,
+     "þenden hie þam waepnum      wealdan moston,
+2040 "oeth þaet hie forlaeddan      to þam lind-plegan
+     "swaese gesiethas      ond hyra sylfra feorh.
+     "Þonne cwieth aet beore,      se þe beah gesyheth,
+     "eald aesc-wiga,      se þe eall geman
+     "gar-cwealm gumena      (him bieth grim sefa),
+2045 "onginneeth geomor-mod      geongne cempan
+     "þurh hreethra gehygd      higes cunnian,
+     "wig-bealu weccean      and þaet word acwyeth:
+     "'Meaht þu, min wine,      mece gecnawan,
+     "'þone þin faeder      to gefeohte baer
+2050 "'under here-griman      hindeman siethe,
+     "'dyre iren,      þaer hyne Dene slogon,
+     "'weoldon wael-stowe,      syethethan wiether-gyld laeg,
+     "'aefter haeleetha hryre,      hwate Scyldungas?
+     "'Nu her þara banena      byre nat-hwylces,
+2055 "'fraetwum hremig      on flet gaeeth,
+     "'morethres gylpeeth      and þone maethethum byreeth,
+     "'þone þe þu mid rihte      raedan sceoldest!'"
+     "Manaeth swa and myndgaeth      maela gehwylce
+     "sarum wordum,      oeth þaet sael cymeeth,
+2060 "þaet se faemnan þegn      fore faeder daedum
+     "aefter billes bite      blod-fag swefeeth,
+     "ealdres scyldig;      him se oether þonan
+     "losaeth lifigende,      con him land geare.
+     "Þonne bioeth brocene      on ba healfe
+2065 "aeth-sweord eorla;      syethethan Ingelde
+     "weallaeth wael-niethas      and him wif-lufan
+     "aefter cear-waelmum      colran weorethaeth.
+     "Þy ic Heaethobeardna      hyldo ne telge,
+     "dryht-sibbe dael      Denum unfaecne,
+2070 "freond-scipe faestne.      Ic sceal foreth sprecan
+     "gen ymbe Grendel,      þaet þu geare cunne,
+     "sinces brytta,      to hwan syethethan weareth
+     "hond-raes haeleetha.      Syethethan heofones gim
+     "glad ofer grundas,      gaest yrre cwom,
+2075 "eatol aefen-grom,      user neosan,
+     "þaer we gesunde      sael weardodon;
+     "þaer waes Hondscio      hild onsaege,
+     "feorh-bealu faegum,      he fyrmest laeg,
+     "gyrded cempa;      him Grendel weareth,
+2080 "maerum magu-þegne      to mueth-bonan,
+     "leofes mannes      lic eall forswealg.
+     "No þy aer ut þa gen      idel-hende
+     "bona blodig-toeth      bealewa gemyndig,
+     "of þam gold-sele      gongan wolde,
+2085 "ac he maegnes rof      min costode,
+     "grapode gearo-folm.      Glof hangode
+     "sid and syllic      searo-bendum faest,
+     "sio waes orþoncum      eall gegyrwed
+     "deofles craeftum      and dracan fellum:
+2090 "he mec þaer on innan      unsynnigne,
+     "dior daed-fruma,      gedon wolde,
+     "manigra sumne:      hyt ne mihte swa,
+     "syethethan ic on yrre      upp-riht astod.
+     "To lang ys to reccenne,      hu ic þam leod-sceaethan
+2095 "yfla gehwylces      ond-lean forgeald;
+     "þaer ic, þeoden min,      þine leode
+     "weorethode weorcum.      He on weg losade,
+     "lytle hwile      lif-wynna breac;
+     "hwaeethre him sio swiethre      swaethe weardade
+2100 "hand on Hiorte      and he hean þonan,
+     "modes geomor      mere-grund gefeoll.
+     "Me þone wael-raes      wine Scildunga
+     "faettan golde      fela leanode,
+     "manegum maethmum,      syethethan mergen com
+2105 "and we to symble      geseten haefdon.
+     "Þaer waes gidd and gleo;      gomela Scilding
+     "fela fricgende      feorran rehte;
+     "hwilum hilde-deor      hearpan wynne,
+     "gomen-wudu grette;      hwilum gyd awraec
+2110 "soeth and sarlic;      hwilum syllic spell
+     "rehte aefter rihte      rum-heort cyning.
+     "Hwilum eft ongan      eldo gebunden,
+     "gomel gueth-wiga      gioguethe cwiethan
+     "hilde-strengo;      hreether inne weoll,
+2115 "þonne he wintrum frod      worn gemunde.
+     "Swa we þaer inne      andlangne daeg
+     "niode naman,      oeth þaet niht becwom
+     "oether to yldum.      Þa waes eft hraethe
+     "gearo gyrn-wraece      Grendeles modor,
+2120 "siethode sorh-full;      sunu deaeth fornam,
+     "wig-hete Wedra.      Wif unhyre
+     "hyre bearn gewraec,      beorn acwealde
+     "ellenlice;      þaer waes Aesc-here,
+     "frodan fyrn-witan,      feorh uethgenge;
+2125 "noether hy hine ne moston,      syethethan mergen cwom,
+     "deaeth-werigne      Denia leode
+     "bronde forbaernan,      ne on bael hladan
+     "leofne mannan:      hio þaet lic aetbaer
+     "feondes faeethmum      under firgen-stream.
+2130 "Þaet waes Hroethgare      hreowa tornost
+     "þara þe leod-fruman      lange begeate;
+     "þa se þeoden mec      þine life
+     "healsode hreoh-mod,      þaet ic on holma geþring
+     "eorl-scipe efnde,      ealdre geneethde,
+2135 "maeretho fremede:      he me mede gehet.
+     "Ic þa þaes waelmes,      þe is wide cueth,
+     "grimne gryrelicne      grund-hyrde fond.
+     "Þaer unc hwile waes      hand gemaene;
+     "holm heolfre weoll      and ic heafde becearf
+2140 "in þam grund-sele      Grendeles modor
+     "eacnum ecgum,      unsofte þonan
+     "feorh oethferede;      naes ic faege þa gyt,
+     "ac me eorla hleo      eft gesealde
+     "maethma menigeo,      maga Healfdenes.
+
+
+XXXI. HE GIVES PRESENTS TO HYGELAC. HYGELAC REWARDS HIM. HYGELAC'S DEATH.
+      BEOWULF REIGNS.
+
+2145 "Swa se þeod-kyning      þeawum lyfde;
+     "nealles ic þam leanum      forloren haefde,
+     "maegnes mede,      ac he me maethmas geaf,
+     "sunu Healfdenes,      on sinne sylfes dom;
+     "þa ic þe, beorn-cyning,      bringan wylle,
+2150 "estum geywan.      Gen is eall aet þe
+     "lissa gelong:      ic lyt hafo
+     "heafod-maga,      nefne Hygelac þec!"
+     Het þa in beran      eafor, heafod-segn,
+     heaetho-steapne helm,      hare byrnan,
+2155 gueth-sweord geatolic,      gyd aefter wraec:
+     "Me þis hilde-sceorp      Hroethgar sealde,
+     "snotra fengel,      sume worde het,
+     "þaet ic his aerest      þe eft gesaegde,
+     "cwaeeth þaet hyt haefde      Hiorogar cyning,
+2160 "leod Scyldunga      lange hwile:
+     "no þy aer suna sinum      syllan wolde,
+     "hwatum Heorowearde,      þeah he him hold waere,
+     "breost-gewaedu.      Bruc ealles well!"
+     Hyrde ic þaet þam fraetwum      feower mearas
+2165 lungre gelice      last weardode,
+     aeppel-fealuwe;      he him est geteah
+     meara and maethma.      Swa sceal maeg don,
+     nealles inwit-net      oethrum bregdan,
+     dyrnum craefte      deaeth renian
+2170 hond-gesteallan.      Hygelace waes,
+     nietha heardum,      nefa swyethe hold
+     and gehwaeether oethrum      hroethra gemyndig.
+     Hyrde ic þaet he þone heals-beah      Hygde gesealde,
+     wraetlicne wundur-maethethum,      þone þe him Wealhþeo geaf,
+2175 þeodnes dohtor,      þrio wicg somod
+     swancor and sadol-beorht;      hyre syethethan waes
+     aefter beah-þege      breost geweorethod.
+     Swa bealdode      bearn Ecgþeowes,
+     guma guethum cueth,      godum daedum,
+2180 dreah aefter dome,      nealles druncne slog
+     heoreth-geneatas;      naes him hreoh sefa,
+     ac he man-cynnes      maeste craefte
+     gin-faestan gife,      þe him god sealde,
+     heold hilde-deor.      Hean waes lange,
+2185 swa hyne Geata bearn      godne ne tealdon,
+     ne hyne on medo-bence      micles wyrethne
+     drihten wereda      gedon wolde;
+     swyethe oft saegdon,      þaet he sleac waere,
+     aeetheling unfrom:      edwenden cwom
+2190 tir-eadigum menn      torna gehwylces.
+     Het þa eorla hleo      in gefetian,
+     heaetho-rof cyning,      Hreethles lafe,
+     golde gegyrede;      naes mid Geatum þa
+     sinc-maethethum selra      on sweordes had;
+2195 þaet he on Biowulfes      bearm alegde,
+     and him gesealde      seofan þusendo,
+     bold and brego-stol.      Him waes bam samod
+     on þam leod-scipe      lond gecynde,
+     eard eethel-riht,      oethrum swiethor
+2200 side rice,      þam þaer selra waes.
+     Eft þaet geiode      ufaran dogrum
+     hilde-hlaemmum,      syethethan Hygelac laeg
+     and Heardrede      hilde-meceas
+     under bord-hreoethan      to bonan wurdon,
+2205 þa hyne gesohtan      on sige-þeode
+     hearde hilde-frecan,      Heaetho-Scilfingas,
+     nietha genaegdan      nefan Hererices.
+     Syethethan Beowulfe      brade rice
+     on hand gehwearf:      he geheold tela
+2210 fiftig wintru      (waes þa frod cyning,
+     eald eethel-weard),      oeth þaet an ongan
+     deorcum nihtum      draca ricsian,
+     se þe on heare haeethe      hord beweotode,
+     stan-beorh steapne:      stig under laeg,
+2215 eldum uncueth.      Þaer on innan giong
+     nietha nat-hwylces      neode gefeng
+     haeethnum horde      hond . d . . geþ . . hwylc
+     since fahne,      he þaet syethethan . . . . .
+     . . . þ . . . leth . þ . . l . g
+2220 slaepende be fyre,      fyrena hyrde
+     þeofes craefte,      þaet sie . . . . ethioeth . . . . .
+     . idh . folc-beorn,      þaet he gebolgen waes.
+
+
+XXXII. THE FIRE-DRAKE. THE HOARD.
+
+     Nealles mid geweoldum      wyrm-horda . . . craeft
+     sohte sylfes willum,      se þe him sare gesceod,
+2225 ac for þrea-nedlan      þeow nat-hwylces
+     haeleetha bearna      hete-swengeas fleah,
+     for ofer-þearfe      and þaer inne fealh
+     secg syn-bysig.      Sona in þa tide
+     þaet . . . . . þam gyste      . . . . br . g . stod,
+2230 hwaeethre earm-sceapen . . . . . . .
+     . . eth . . . sceapen o . . . . i r . . e se faes begeat,
+     sinc-faet geseah:      þaer waes swylcra fela
+     in þam eoreth-scraefe      aer-gestreona,
+     swa hy on gear-dagum      gumena nat-hwylc
+2235 eormen-lafe      aeethelan cynnes
+     þanc-hycgende      þaer gehydde,
+     deore maethmas.      Ealle hie deaeth fornam
+     aerran maelum,      and se an þa gen
+     leoda duguethe,      se þaer lengest hwearf,
+2240 weard wine-geomor      wiscte þaes yldan,
+     þaet he lytel faec      long-gestreona
+     brucan moste.      Beorh eal gearo
+     wunode on wonge      waeter-yethum neah,
+     niwe be naesse      nearo-craeftum faest:
+2245 þaer on innan baer      eorl-gestreona
+     hringa hyrde      hard-fyrdne dael
+     faettan goldes,      fea worda cwaeeth:
+     "Heald þu nu, hruse,      nu haeleeth ne moston,
+     "eorla aehte.      Hwaet! hit aer on þe
+2250 "gode begeaton;      gueth-deaeth fornam,
+     "feorh-bealo frecne      fyra gehwylcne,
+     "leoda minra,      þara þe þis lif ofgeaf,
+     "gesawon sele-dream.      Nah hwa sweord wege
+     "oethethe fetige      faeted waege,
+2255 "drync-faet deore:      dugueth ellor scoc.
+     "Sceal se hearda helm      hyrsted golde
+     "faetum befeallen:      feormiend swefaeth,
+     "þa þe beado-griman      bywan sceoldon,
+     "ge swylce seo here-pad,      sio aet hilde gebad
+2260 "ofer borda gebraec      bite irena,
+     "brosnaeth aefter beorne.      Ne maeg byrnan hring
+     "aefter wig-fruman      wide feran
+     "haeleethum be healfe;      naes hearpan wyn,
+     "gomen gleo-beames,      ne god hafoc
+2265 "geond sael swingeeth,      ne se swifta mearh
+     "burh-stede beateeth.      Bealo-cwealm hafaeth
+     "fela feorh-cynna      feorr onsended!"
+     Swa giomor-mod      giohetho maende,
+     an aefter eallum      unbliethe hweop,
+2270 daeges and nihtes,      oeth þaet deaethes wylm
+     hran aet heortan.      Hord-wynne fond
+     eald uht-sceaetha      opene standan,
+     se þe byrnende      biorgas seceeth
+     nacod nieth-draca,      nihtes fleogeeth
+2275 fyre befangen;      hyne fold-buend
+     wide gesawon.      He gewunian sceall
+     hlaw under hrusan,      þaer he haeethen gold
+     waraeth wintrum frod;      ne byeth him wihte þe sel.
+     Swa se þeod-sceaetha      þreo hund wintra
+2280 heold on hrusan      hord-aerna sum
+     eacen-craeftig,      oeth þaet hyne an abealh
+     mon on mode:      man-dryhtne baer
+     faeted waege,      frioetho-waere baed
+     hlaford sinne.      Þa waes hord rasod,
+2285 onboren beaga hord,      bene getiethad
+     fea-sceaftum men.      Frea sceawode
+     fira fyrn-geweorc      forman siethe.
+     Þa se wyrm onwoc,      wroht waes geniwad;
+     stonc þa aefter stane,      stearc-heort onfand
+2290 feondes fot-last;      he to foreth gestop,
+     dyrnan craefte,      dracan heafde neah.
+     Swa maeg unfaege      eaethe gedigan
+     wean and wraec-sieth,      se þe waldendes
+     hyldo gehealdeeth.      Hord-weard sohte
+2295 georne aefter grunde,      wolde guman findan,
+     þone þe him on sweofote      sare geteode:
+     hat and hreoh-mod      hlaew oft ymbe hwearf,
+     ealne utan-weardne;      ne þaer aenig mon
+     waes on þaere westenne.      Hwaeethre hilde gefeh,
+2300 beado-weorces:      hwilum on beorh aethwearf,
+     sinc-faet sohte;      he þaet sona onfand,
+     þaet haefde gumena sum      goldes gefandod
+     heah-gestreona.      Hord-weard onbad
+     earfoethlice,      oeth þaet aefen cwom;
+2305 waes þa gebolgen      beorges hyrde,
+     wolde se laetha      lige forgyldan
+     drinc-faet dyre.      Þa waes daeg sceacen
+     wyrme on willan,      no on wealle leng
+     bidan wolde,      ac mid baele for,
+2310 fyre gefysed.      Waes se fruma egeslic
+     leodum on lande,      swa hyt lungre weareth
+     on hyra sinc-gifan      sare geendod.
+
+
+XXXIII. BEOWULF RESOLVES TO KILL THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     Þa se gaest ongan      gledum spiwan,
+     beorht hofu baernan;      bryne-leoma stod
+2315 eldum on andan;      no þaer aht cwices
+     laeth lyft-floga      laefan wolde.
+     Waes þaes wyrmes wig      wide gesyne,
+     nearo-fages nieth      nean and feorran,
+     hu se gueth-sceaetha      Geata leode
+2320 hatode and hynde:      hord eft gesceat,
+     dryht-sele dyrnne      aer daeges hwile.
+     Haefde land-wara      lige befangen,
+     baele and bronde;      beorges getruwode,
+     wiges and wealles:      him seo wen geleah.
+2325 Þa waes Biowulfe      broga gecyethed
+     snude to soethe,      þaet his sylfes him
+     bolda selest      bryne-wylmum mealt,
+     gif-stol Geata.      Þaet þam godan waes
+     hreow on hreethre,      hyge-sorga maest:
+2330 wende se wisa,      þaet he wealdende,
+     ofer ealde riht,      ecean dryhtne
+     bitre gebulge:      breost innan weoll
+     þeostrum geþoncum,      swa him geþywe ne waes.
+     Haefde lig-draca      leoda faesten,
+2335 ea-lond utan,      eoreth-weard þone
+     gledum forgrunden.      Him þaes gueth-cyning,
+     Wedera þioden,      wraece leornode.
+     Heht him þa gewyrcean      wigendra hleo
+     eall-irenne,      eorla dryhten
+2340 wig-bord wraetlic;      wisse he gearwe,
+     þaet him holt-wudu      helpan ne meahte,
+     lind wieth lige.      Sceolde laen-daga
+     aeetheling aer-god      ende gebidan
+     worulde lifes      and se wyrm somod;
+2345 þeah þe hord-welan      heolde lange.
+     Oferhogode þa      hringa fengel,
+     þaet he þone wid-flogan      weorode gesohte,
+     sidan herge;      no he him þa saecce ondred,
+     ne him þaes wyrmes wig      for wiht dyde,
+2350 eafoeth and ellen;      forþon he aer fela
+     nearo neethende      nietha gedigde,
+     hilde-hlemma,      syethethan he Hroethgares,
+     sigor-eadig secg,      sele faelsode
+     and aet guethe forgrap      Grendeles maegum,
+2355 laethan cynnes.      No þaet laesest waes
+     hond-gemota,      þaer mon Hygelac sloh,
+     syethethan Geata cyning      guethe raesum,
+     frea-wine folces      Freslondum on,
+     Hreethles eafora      hioro-dryncum swealt,
+2360 bille gebeaten;      þonan Biowulf com
+     sylfes craefte,      sund-nytte dreah;
+     + haefde him on earme      ... XXX
+     hilde-geatwa,      þa he to holme stag.
+     Nealles Hetware      hremge þorfton
+2365 feethe-wiges,      þe him foran ongean
+     linde baeron:      lyt eft becwom
+     fram þam hild-frecan      hames niosan.
+     Oferswam þa sioleetha bigong      sunu Ecgþeowes,
+     earm an-haga      eft to leodum,
+2370 þaer him Hygd gebead      hord and rice,
+     beagas and brego-stol:      bearne ne truwode,
+     þaet he wieth ael-fylcum      eethel-stolas
+     healdan cuethe,      þa waes Hygelac dead.
+     No þy aer fea-sceafte      findan meahton
+2375 aet þam aeethelinge      aenige þinga,
+     þaet he Heardrede      hlaford waere,
+     oethethe þone cyne-dom      ciosan wolde;
+     hwaeethre he him on folce      freond-larum heold,
+     estum mid are,      oeth þaet he yldra weareth,
+2380 Weder-Geatum weold.      Hyne wraec-maecgas
+     ofer sae sohtan,      suna Ohteres:
+     haefdon hy forhealden      helm Scylfinga,
+     þone selestan      sae-cyninga,
+     þara þe in Swio-rice      sinc brytnade,
+2385 maerne þeoden.      Him þaet to mearce weareth;
+     he þaer orfeorme      feorh-wunde hleat
+     sweordes swengum,      sunu Hygelaces;
+     and him eft gewat      Ongenþiowes bearn
+     hames niosan,      syethethan Heardred laeg;
+2390 let þone brego-stol      Biowulf healdan,
+     Geatum wealdan:      þaet waes god cyning.
+
+
+XXXIV. RETROSPECT OF BEOWULF.--STRIFE BETWEEN SWEONAS AND GEATAS.
+
+     Se þaes leod-hryres      lean gemunde
+     uferan dogrum,      Eadgilse weareth
+     fea-sceaftum feond.      Folce gestepte
+2395 ofer sae side      sunu Ohteres
+     wigum and waepnum:      he gewraec syethethan
+     cealdum cear-siethum,      cyning ealdre bineat.
+     Swa he nietha gehwane      genesen haefde,
+     sliethra geslyhta,      sunu Ecgþiowes,
+2400 ellen-weorca,      oeth þone anne daeg,
+     þe he wieth þam wyrme      gewegan sceolde.
+     Gewat þa twelfa sum      torne gebolgen
+     dryhten Geata      dracan sceawian;
+     haefde þa gefrunen,      hwanan sio faeheth aras,
+2405 bealo-nieth biorna;      him to bearme cwom
+     maethethum-faet maere      þurh þaes meldan hond,
+     Se waes on þam þreate      þreotteoetha secg,
+     se þaes orleges      or onstealde,
+     haeft hyge-giomor,      sceolde hean þonon
+2410 wong wisian:      he ofer willan giong
+     to þaes þe he eoreth-sele      anne wisse,
+     hlaew under hrusan      holm-wylme neh,
+     yeth-gewinne,      se waes innan full
+     wraetta and wira:      weard unhiore,
+2415 gearo gueth-freca,      gold-maethmas heold,
+     eald under eorethan;      naes þaet yethe ceap,
+     to gegangenne      gumena aenigum.
+     Gesaet þa on naesse      nieth-heard cyning,
+     þenden haelo abead      heoreth-geneatum
+2420 gold-wine Geata:      him waes geomor sefa,
+     waefre and wael-fus,      Wyrd ungemete neah,
+     se þone gomelan      gretan sceolde,
+     secean sawle hord,      sundur gedaelan
+     lif wieth lice:      no þon lange waes
+2425 feorh aeethelinges      flaesce bewunden.
+     Biowulf maethelade,      bearn Ecgþeowes:
+     "Fela ic on giogoethe      gueth-raesa genaes,
+     "orleg-hwila:      ic þaet eall gemon.
+     "Ic waes syfan-wintre,      þa mec sinca baldor,
+2430 "frea-wine folca      aet minum faeder genam,
+     "heold mec and haefde      Hreethel cyning,
+     "geaf me sinc and symbel,      sibbe gemunde;
+     "naes ic him to life      laethra owihte
+     "beorn in burgum,      þonne his bearna hwylc,
+2435 "Herebeald and Haeethcyn,      oethethe Hygelac min.
+     "Waes þam yldestan      ungedefelice
+     "maeges daedum      morethor-bed stred,
+     "syethethan hyne Haeethcyn      of horn-bogan,
+     "his frea-wine      flane geswencte,
+2440 "miste mercelses      and his maeg ofscet,
+     "broethor oetherne,      blodigan gare:
+     "þaet waes feoh-leas gefeoht,      fyrenum gesyngad
+     "hreethre hyge-meethe;      sceolde hwaeethre swa þeah
+     "aeetheling unwrecen      ealdres linnan.
+2445 "Swa bieth geomorlic      gomelum ceorle
+     "to gebidanne,      þaet his byre ride
+     "giong on galgan,      þonne he gyd wrece,
+     "sarigne sang,      þonne his sunu hangaeth
+     "hrefne to hroethre      and he him helpe ne maeg,
+2450 "eald and in-frod,      aenige gefremman.
+     "Symble bieth gemyndgad      morna gehwylce
+     "eaforan ellor-sieth;      oethres ne gymeeth
+     "to gebidanne      burgum on innan
+     "yrfe-weardes,      þonne se an hafaeth
+2455 "þurh deaethes nyd      daeda gefondad.
+     "Gesyheth sorh-cearig      on his suna bure
+     "win-sele westne,      wind-gereste,
+     "reote berofene;      ridend swefaeth
+     "haeleeth in hoethman;      nis þaer hearpan sweg,
+2460 "gomen in geardum,      swylce þaer iu waeron.
+
+
+XXXV. MEMORIES OF PAST TIME.--THE FEUD WITH THE FIRE-DRAKE.
+
+     "Gewiteeth þonne on sealman,      sorh-leoeth gaeleeth
+     "an aefter anum:      þuhte him eall to rum,
+     "wongas and wic-stede.      Swa Wedra helm
+     "aefter Herebealde      heortan sorge
+2465 "weallende waeg,      wihte ne meahte
+     "on þam feorh-bonan      faehethe gebetan:
+     "no þy aer he þone heaetho-rinc      hatian ne meahte
+     "laethum daedum,      þeah him leof ne waes.
+     "He þa mid þaere sorge,      þe him sio sar belamp,
+2470 "gum-dream ofgeaf,      godes leoht geceas;
+     "eaferum laefde,      swa deeth eadig mon,
+     "lond and leod-byrig,      þa he of life gewat.
+     "Þa waes synn and sacu      Sweona and Geata,
+     "ofer wid waeter      wroht gemaene,
+2175 "here-nieth hearda,      syethethan Hreethel swealt,
+     "oethethe him Ongenþeowes      eaferan waeran
+     "frome fyrd-hwate,      freode ne woldon
+     "ofer heafo healdan,      ac ymb Hreosna-beorh
+     "eatolne inwit-scear      oft gefremedon.
+2480 "Þaet maeg-wine      mine gewraecan,
+     "faehethe and fyrene,      swa hyt gefraege waes,
+     "þeah þe oether hit      ealdre gebohte,
+     "heardan ceape:      Haeethcynne weareth,
+     "Geata dryhtne,      gueth onsaege.
+2485 "Þa ic on morgne gefraegn      maeg oetherne
+     "billes ecgum      on bonan staelan,
+     "þaer Ongenþeow      Eofores niosade:
+     "gueth-helm toglad,      gomela Scylfing
+     "hreas heoro-blac;      hond gemunde
+2490 "faehetho genoge,      feorh-sweng ne ofteah.
+     "Ic him þa maethmas,      þe he me sealde,
+     "geald aet guethe,      swa me gifeethe waes,
+     "leohtan sweorde:      he me lond forgeaf,
+     "eard eethel-wyn.      Naes him aenig þearf,
+2495 "þaet he to Gifethum      oethethe to Gar-Denum
+     "oethethe in Swio-rice      secean þurfe
+     "wyrsan wig-frecan,      weorethe gecypan;
+     "symle ic him on feethan      beforan wolde,
+     "ana on orde,      and swa to aldre sceall
+2500 "saecce fremman,      þenden þis sweord þolaeth,
+     "þaet mec aer and sieth      oft gelaeste,
+     "syethethan ic for dugeethum      Daeghrefne weareth
+     "to hand-bonan,      Huga cempan:
+     "nalles he þa fraetwe      Fres-cyninge,
+2505 "breost-weorethunge      bringan moste,
+     "ac in campe gecrong      cumbles hyrde,
+     "aeetheling on elne.      Ne waes ecg bona,
+     "ac him hilde-grap      heortan wylmas,
+     "ban-hus gebraec.      Nu sceall billes ecg,
+2510 "hond and heard sweord      ymb hord wigan."
+     Beowulf maethelode,      beot-wordum spraec
+     niehstan siethe:      "Ic geneethde fela
+     "guetha on geogoethe;      gyt ic wylle,
+     "frod folces weard,      faehethe secan,
+2515 "maerethum fremman,      gif mec se man-sceaetha
+     "of eoreth-sele      ut geseceeth!"
+     Gegrette þa      gumena gehwylcne,
+     hwate helm-berend      hindeman siethe,
+     swaese gesiethas:      "Nolde ic sweord beran,
+2520 "waepen to wyrme,      gif ic wiste hu
+     "wieth þam aglaecean      elles meahte
+     "gylpe wiethgripan,      swa ic gio wieth Grendle dyde;
+     "ac ic þaer heaethu-fyres      hates wene,
+     "reethes and-hattres:      forþon ic me on hafu
+2525 "bord and byrnan.      Nelle ic beorges weard
+     "oferfleon fotes trem,      feond unhyre,
+     "ac unc sceal weorethan aet wealle,      swa unc Wyrd geteoeth,
+     "metod manna gehwaes.      Ic eom on mode from,
+     "þaet ic wieth þone gueth-flogan      gylp ofersitte.
+2530 "Gebide ge on beorge      byrnum werede,
+     "secgas on searwum,      hwaeether sel maege
+     "aefter wael-raese      wunde gedygan
+     "uncer twega.      Nis þaet eower sieth,
+     "ne gemet mannes,      nefne min anes,
+2535 "þaet he wieth aglaecean      eofoetho daele,
+     "eorl-scype efne.      Ic mid elne sceall
+     "gold gegangan      oethethe gueth nimeeth,
+     "feorh-bealu frecne,      frean eowerne!"
+     Aras þa bi ronde      rof oretta,
+2540 heard under helm,      hioro-sercean baer
+     under stan-cleofu,      strengo getruwode
+     anes mannes:      ne bieth swylc earges sieth.
+     Geseah þa be wealle,      se þe worna fela,
+     gum-cystum god,      guetha gedigde,
+2545 hilde-hlemma,      þonne hnitan feethan,
+     (stod on stan-bogan)      stream ut þonan
+     brecan of beorge;      waes þaere burnan waelm
+     heaetho-fyrum hat:      ne meahte horde neah
+     unbyrnende      aenige hwile
+2550 deop gedygan      for dracan lege.
+     Let þa of breostum,      þa he gebolgen waes,
+     Weder-Geata leod      word ut faran,
+     stearc-heort styrmde;      stefn in becom
+     heaetho-torht hlynnan      under harne stan.
+2555 Hete waes onhrered,      hord-weard oncniow
+     mannes reorde;      naes þaer mara fyrst,
+     freode to friclan.      From aerest cwom
+     orueth aglaecean      ut of stane,
+     hat hilde-swat;      hruse dynede.
+2560 Biorn under beorge      bord-rand onswaf
+     wieth þam gryre-gieste,      Geata dryhten:
+     þa waes hring-bogan      heorte gefysed
+     saecce to seceanne.      Sweord aer gebraed
+     god gueth-cyning      gomele lafe,
+2565 ecgum ungleaw,      aeghwaeethrum waes
+     bealo-hycgendra      broga fram oethrum.
+     Stieth-mod gestod      wieth steapne rond
+     winia bealdor,      þa se wyrm gebeah
+     snude tosomne:      he on searwum bad.
+2570 Gewat þa byrnende      gebogen scriethan to,
+     gescife scyndan.      Scyld wel gebearg
+     life and lice      laessan hwile
+     maerum þeodne,      þonne his myne sohte,
+     þaer he þy fyrste      forman dogore
+2575 wealdan moste,      swa him Wyrd ne gescraf
+     hreeth aet hilde.      Hond up abraed
+     Geata dryhten,      gryre-fahne sloh
+     incge lafe,      þaet sio ecg gewac
+     brun on bane,      bat unswiethor,
+2580 þonne his þiod-cyning      þearfe haefde,
+     bysigum gebaeded.      Þa waes beorges weard
+     aefter heaethu-swenge      on hreoum mode,
+     wearp wael-fyre,      wide sprungon
+     hilde-leoman:      hreeth-sigora ne gealp
+2585 gold-wine Geata,      gueth-bill geswac
+     nacod aet niethe,      swa hyt no sceolde,
+     iren aer-god.      Ne waes þaet eethe sieth,
+     þaet se maera      maga Ecgþeowes
+     grund-wong þone      ofgyfan wolde;
+2590 sceolde wyrmes willan      wic eardian
+     elles hwergen,      swa sceal aeghwylc mon
+     alaetan laen-dagas.      Naes þa long to þon,
+     þaet þa aglaecean      hy eft gemetton.
+     Hyrte hyne hord-weard,      hreether aeethme weoll,
+2595 niwan stefne:      nearo þrowode
+     fyre befongen      se þe aer folce weold.
+     Nealles him on heape      hand-gesteallan,
+     aeethelinga bearn      ymbe gestodon
+     hilde-cystum,      ac hy on holt bugon,
+2600 ealdre burgan.      Hiora in anum weoll
+     sefa wieth sorgum:      sibb aefre ne maeg
+     wiht onwendan,      þam þe wel þenceeth.
+
+
+XXXVI. WIGLAF HELPS BEOWULF IN THE FEUD.
+
+     Wiglaf waes haten      Weoxstanes sunu,
+     leoflic lind-wiga,      leod Scylfinga,
+2605 maeg Aelfheres:      geseah his mon-dryhten
+     under here-griman      hat þrowian.
+     Gemunde þa þa are,      þe he him aer forgeaf
+     wic-stede weligne      Waegmundinga,
+     folc-rihta gehwylc,      swa his faeder ahte;
+2610 ne mihte þa forhabban,      hond rond gefeng,
+     geolwe linde,      gomel swyrd geteah,
+     þaet waes mid eldum      Eanmundes laf,
+     suna Ohteres,      þam aet saecce weareth
+     wracu wine-leasum      Weohstanes bana
+2615 meces ecgum,      and his magum aetbaer
+     brun-fagne helm,      hringde byrnan,
+     eald sweord eotonisc,      þaet him Onela forgeaf,
+     his gaedelinges      gueth-gewaedu,
+     fyrd-searo fuslic:      no ymbe þa faehethe spraec,
+2620 þeah þe he his broethor      bearn abredwade.
+     He fraetwe geheold      fela missera,
+     bill and byrnan,      oeth þaet his byre mihte
+     eorl-scipe efnan,      swa his aer-faeder;
+     geaf him þa mid Geatum      gueth-gewaeda
+2625 aeghwaes unrim;      þa he of ealdre gewat,
+     frod on foreth-weg.      Þa waes forma sieth
+     geongan cempan,      þaet he guethe raes
+     mid his freo-dryhtne      fremman sceolde;
+     ne gemealt him se mod-sefa,      ne his maeges laf
+2630 gewac aet wige:      þaet se wyrm onfand,
+     syethethan hie togaedre      gegan haefdon.
+     Wiglaf maethelode      word-rihta fela,
+     saegde gesiethum,      him waes sefa geomor:
+     "Ic þaet mael geman,      þaer we medu þegun,
+2635 "þonne we geheton      ussum hlaforde
+     "in bior-sele,      þe us þas beagas geaf,
+     "þaet we him þa gueth-geatwa      gyldan woldon,
+     "gif him þyslicu      þearf gelumpe,
+     "helmas and heard sweord:      þe he usic on herge geceas
+2640 "to þyssum sieth-fate      sylfes willum,
+     "onmunde usic maeretha      and me þas maethmas geaf,
+     "þe he usic gar-wigend      gode tealde,
+     "hwate helm-berend,      þeah þe hlaford us
+     "þis ellen-weorc      ana aþohte
+2645 "to gefremmanne,      folces hyrde,
+     "forþam he manna maest      maeretha gefremede,
+     "daeda dollicra.      Nu is se daeg cumen,
+     "þaet ure man-dryhten      maegenes behofaeth
+     "godra gueth-rinca:      wutun gangan to,
+2650 "helpan hild-fruman,      þenden hyt sy,
+     "gled-egesa grim!      God wat on mec,
+     "þaet me is micle leofre,      þaet minne lic-haman
+     "mid minne gold-gyfan      gled faeethmie.
+     "Ne þynceeth me gerysne,      þaet we rondas beren
+2655 "eft to earde,      nemne we aeror maegen
+     "fane gefyllan,      feorh ealgian
+     "Wedra þiodnes.      Ic wat geare,
+     "þaet naeron eald-gewyrht,      þaet he ana scyle
+     "Geata duguethe      gnorn þrowian,
+2660 "gesigan aet saecce:      sceal urum þaet sweord and helm,
+     "byrne and byrdu-scrud      bam gemaene."
+     Wod þa þurh þone wael-rec,      wig-heafolan baer
+     frean on fultum,      fea worda cwaeeth:
+     "Leofa Biowulf,      laest eall tela,
+2665 "swa þu on geogueth-feore      geara gecwaede,
+     "þaet þu ne alaete      be þe lifigendum
+     "dom gedreosan:      scealt nu daedum rof,
+     "aeetheling an-hydig,      ealle maegene
+     "feorh ealgian;      ic þe fullaestu!"
+2670 Aefter þam wordum      wyrm yrre cwom,
+     atol inwit-gaest      oethre siethe,
+     fyr-wylmum fah      fionda niosan,
+     laethra manna;      lig-yethum forborn
+     bord wieth ronde:      byrne ne meahte
+2675 geongum gar-wigan      geoce gefremman:
+     ac se maga geonga      under his maeges scyld
+     elne geeode,      þa his agen waes
+     gledum forgrunden.      Þa gen gueth-cyning
+     maeretha gemunde,      maegen-strengo,
+2680 sloh hilde-bille,      þaet hyt on heafolan stod
+     niethe genyded:      Naegling forbaerst,
+     geswac aet saecce      sweord Biowulfes
+     gomol and graeg-mael.      Him þaet gifeethe ne waes,
+     þaet him irenna      ecge mihton
+2685 helpan aet hilde;      waes sio hond to strong,
+     se þe meca gehwane      mine gefraege
+     swenge ofersohte,      þonne he to saecce baer
+     waepen wundrum heard,      naes him wihte þe sel.
+     Þa waes þeod-sceaetha      þriddan siethe,
+2690 frecne fyr-draca      faehetha gemyndig,
+     raesde on þone rofan,      þa him rum ageald,
+     hat and heaetho-grim,      heals ealne ymbefeng
+     biteran banum;      he geblodegod weareth
+     sawul-driore;      swat yethum weoll.
+
+
+XXXVII. BEOWULF WOUNDED TO DEATH.
+
+2695 Þa ic aet þearfe gefraegn      þeod-cyninges
+     and-longne eorl      ellen cyethan,
+     craeft and cenethu,      swa him gecynde waes;
+     ne hedde he þaes heafolan,      ac sio hand gebarn
+     modiges mannes,      þaer he his maeges healp,
+2700 þaet he þone nieth-gaest      nioethor hwene sloh,
+     secg on searwum,      þaet þaet sweord gedeaf
+     fah and faeted,      þaet þaet fyr ongon
+     sweethrian syethethan.      Þa gen sylf cyning
+     geweold his gewitte,      waell-seaxe gebraed,
+2705 biter and beadu-scearp,      þaet he on byrnan waeg:
+     forwrat Wedra helm       wyrm on middan.
+     Feond gefyldan      (ferh ellen wraec),
+     and hi hyne þa begen      abroten haefdon,
+     sib-aeethelingas:      swylc sceolde secg wesan,
+2710 þegn aet þearfe.      Þaet þam þeodne waes
+     siethast sige-hwile      sylfes daedum,
+     worlde geweorces.      Þa sio wund ongon,
+     þe him se eoreth-draca      aer geworhte,
+     swelan and swellan.      He þaet sona onfand,
+2715 þaet him on breostum      bealo-nieth weoll,
+     attor on innan.      Þa se aeetheling giong,
+     þaet he bi wealle,      wis-hycgende,
+     gesaet on sesse;      seah on enta geweorc,
+     hu þa stan-bogan      stapulum faeste
+2720 ece eoreth-reced      innan heoldon.
+     Hyne þa mid handa      heoro-dreorigne
+     þeoden maerne      þegn ungemete till,
+     wine-dryhten his      waetere gelafede,
+     hilde-saedne      and his helm onspeon.
+2725 Biowulf maethelode,      he ofer benne spraec,
+     wunde wael-bleate      (wisse he gearwe,
+     þaet he daeg-hwila      gedrogen haefde
+     eorethan wynne;      þa waes eall sceacen
+     dogor-gerimes,      deaeth ungemete neah):
+2730 "Nu ic suna minum      syllan wolde
+     "gueth-gewaedu,      þaer me gifeethe swa
+     "aenig yrfe-weard      aefter wurde,
+     "lice gelenge.      Ic þas leode heold
+     "fiftig wintra:      naes se folc-cyning
+2735 "ymbe-sittendra      aenig þara,
+     "þe mec gueth-winum      gretan dorste,
+     "egesan þeon.      Ic on earde bad
+     "mael-gesceafta,      heold min tela,
+     "ne sohte searo-niethas,      ne me swor fela
+2740 "aetha on unriht.      Ic þaes ealles maeg,
+     "feorh-bennum seoc,      gefean habban:
+     "forþam me witan ne þearf      waldend fira
+     "morethor-bealo maga,      þonne min sceaceeth
+     "lif of lice.      Nu þu lungre
+2745 "geong, hord sceawian      under harne stan,
+     "Wiglaf leofa,      nu se wyrm ligeeth,
+     "swefeeth sare wund,      since bereafod.
+     "Bio nu on ofoste,      þaet ic aer-welan,
+     "gold-aeht ongite,      gearo sceawige
+2750 "swegle searo-gimmas,      þaet ic þy seft maege
+     "aefter maethethum-welan      min alaetan
+     "lif and leod-scipe,      þone ic longe heold."
+
+
+XXXVIII. THE JEWEL-HOARD. THE PASSING OF BEOWULF.
+
+     Þa ic snude gefraegn      sunu Wihstanes
+     aefter word-cwydum      wundum dryhtne
+2755 hyran heaetho-siocum,      hring-net beran,
+     brogdne beadu-sercean      under beorges hrof.
+     Geseah þa sige-hreethig,      þa he bi sesse geong,
+     mago-þegn modig      maethethum-sigla fela,
+     gold glitinian      grunde getenge,
+2760 wundur on wealle      and þaes wyrmes denn,
+     ealdes uht-flogan,      orcas stondan,
+     fyrn-manna fatu      feormend-lease,
+     hyrstum behrorene:      þaer waes helm monig,
+     eald and omig,      earm-beaga fela,
+2765 searwum gesaeled.      Sinc eaethe maeg,
+     gold on grunde,      gumena cynnes
+     gehwone ofer-higian,      hyde se þe wylle!
+     Swylce he siomian geseah      segn eall-gylden
+     heah ofer horde,      hond-wundra maest,
+2770 gelocen leoetho-craeftum:      of þam leoma stod,
+     þaet he þone grund-wong      ongitan meahte,
+     wraete giond-wlitan.      Naes þaes wyrmes þaer
+     onsyn aenig,      ac hyne ecg fornam.
+     Þa ic on hlaewe      gefraegn hord reafian,
+2775 eald enta geweorc      anne mannan,
+     him on bearm hladan      bunan and discas
+     sylfes dome,      segn eac genom,
+     beacna beorhtost;      bill aer-gescod
+     (ecg waes iren)      eald-hlafordes
+2780 þam þara maethma      mund-bora waes
+     longe hwile,      lig-egesan waeg
+     hatne for horde,      hioro-weallende,
+     middel-nihtum,      oeth þaet he morethre swealt.
+     Ar waes on ofoste      eft-siethes georn,
+2785 fraetwum gefyrethred:      hyne fyrwet braec,
+     hwaeether collen-fereth      cwicne gemette
+     in þam wong-stede      Wedra þeoden,
+     ellen-siocne,      þaer he hine aer forlet.
+     He þa mid þam maethmum      maerne þioden,
+2790 dryhten sinne      driorigne fand
+     ealdres aet ende:      he hine eft ongon
+     waeteres weorpan,      oeth þaet wordes ord
+     breost-hord þurhbraec.      Beowulf maethelode,
+     gomel on giohethe      (gold sceawode):
+2795 "Ic þara fraetwa      frean ealles þanc
+     "wuldur-cyninge      wordum secge,
+     "ecum dryhtne,      þe ic her on starie,
+     "þaes þe ic moste      minum leodum
+     "aer swylt-daege      swylc gestrynan.
+2800 "Nu ic on maethma hord      mine bebohte
+     "frode feorh-lege,      fremmaeth ge nu
+     "leoda þearfe;      ne maeg ic her leng wesan.
+     "Hataeth heaetho-maere      hlaew gewyrcean,
+     "beorhtne aefter baele      aet brimes nosan;
+2805 "se scel to gemyndum      minum leodum
+     "heah hlifian      on Hrones naesse,
+     "þaet hit sae-liethend      syethethan hatan
+     "Biowulfes biorh,      þa þe brentingas
+     "ofer floda genipu      feorran drifaeth."
+2810 Dyde him of healse      hring gyldenne
+     þioden þrist-hydig,      þegne gesealde,
+     geongum gar-wigan,      gold-fahne helm,
+     beah and byrnan,      het hyne brucan well:
+     "Þu eart ende-laf      usses cynnes,
+2815 "Waegmundinga;      ealle Wyrd forsweof,
+     "mine magas      to metod-sceafte,
+     "eorlas on elne:      ic him aefter sceal."
+     Þaet waes þam gomelan      gingeste word
+     breost-gehygdum,      aer he bael cure,
+2820 hate heaetho-wylmas:      him of hreethre gewat
+     sawol secean      soeth-faestra dom.
+
+
+XXXIX. THE COWARD-THANES.
+
+     Þa waes gegongen      guman unfrodum
+     earfoethlice,      þaet he on eorethan geseah
+     þone leofestan      lifes aet ende
+2825 bleate gebaeran.      Bona swylce laeg,
+     egeslic eoreth-draca,      ealdre bereafod,
+     bealwe gebaeded:      beah-hordum leng
+     wyrm woh-bogen      wealdan ne moste,
+     ac him irenna      ecga fornamon,
+2830 hearde heaetho-scearpe      homera lafe,
+     þaet se wid-floga      wundum stille
+     hreas on hrusan      hord-aerne neah,
+     nalles aefter lyfte      lacende hwearf
+     middel-nihtum,      maethm-aehta wlonc
+2835 ansyn ywde:      ac he eorethan gefeoll
+     for þaes hild-fruman      hond-geweorce.
+     Huru þaet on lande      lyt manna þah
+     maegen-agendra      mine gefraege,
+     þeah þe he daeda gehwaes      dyrstig waere,
+2840 þaet he wieth attor-sceaethan      oreethe geraesde,
+     oethethe hring-sele      hondum styrede,
+     gif he waeccende      weard onfunde
+     buan on beorge.      Biowulfe weareth
+     dryht-maethma dael      deaethe forgolden;
+2845 haefde aeghwaeether      ende gefered
+     laenan lifes.      Naes þa lang to þon,
+     þaet þa hild-latan      holt ofgefan,
+     tydre treow-logan      tyne aetsomne,
+     þa ne dorston aer      dareethum lacan
+2850 on hyra man-dryhtnes      miclan þearfe;
+     ac hy scamiende      scyldas baeran,
+     gueth-gewaedu,      þaer se gomela laeg:
+     wlitan on Wiglaf.      He gewergad saet,
+     feethe-cempa      frean eaxlum neah,
+2855 wehte hyne waetre;      him wiht ne speow;
+     ne meahte he on eorethan,      þeah he uethe wel,
+     on þam frum-gare      feorh gehealdan,
+     ne þaes wealdendes willan      wiht oncirran;
+     wolde dom godes      daedum raedan
+2860 gumena gehwylcum,      swa he nu gen deeth.
+     Þa waes aet þam geongan      grim andswaru
+     eeth-begete þam þe aer      his elne forleas.
+     Wiglaf maethelode,      Weohstanes sunu,
+     secg sarig-fereth      seah on unleofe:
+2865 "Þaet la maeg secgan,      se þe wyle soeth sprecan,
+     "þaet se mon-dryhten,      se eow þa maethmas geaf,
+     "eored-geatwe,      þe ge þaer on standaeth,
+     "þonne he on ealu-bence      oft gesealde
+     "heal-sittendum      helm and byrnan,
+2870 "þeoden his þegnum,      swylce he þryethlicost
+     "ohwaer feor oethethe neah      findan meahte,
+     "þaet he genunga      gueth-gewaedu
+     "wraethe forwurpe.      Þa hyne wig beget,
+     "nealles folc-cyning      fyrd-gesteallum
+2875 "gylpan þorfte;      hwaeethre him god uethe,
+     "sigora waldend,      þaet he hyne sylfne gewraec
+     "ana mid ecge,      þa him waes elnes þearf,
+     "Ic him lif-wraethe      lytle meahte
+     "aetgifan aet guethe      and ongan swa þeah
+2880 "ofer min gemet      maeges helpan:
+     "symle waes þy saemra,      þonne ic sweorde drep
+     "ferheth-geniethlan,      fyr unswiethor
+     "weoll of gewitte.      Wergendra to lyt
+     "þrong ymbe þeoden,      þa hyne sio þrag becwom.
+2885 "Nu sceal sinc-þego      and swyrd-gifu
+     "eall eethel-wyn      eowrum cynne,
+     "lufen alicgean:      lond-rihtes mot
+     "þaere maeg-burge      monna aeghwylc
+     "idel hweorfan,      syethethan aeethelingas
+2890 "feorran gefricgean      fleam eowerne,
+     "dom-leasan daed.      Deaeth bieth sella
+     "eorla gehwylcum      þonne edwit-lif!"
+
+
+XL. THE SOLDIER'S DIRGE AND PROPHECY.
+
+     Heht þa þaet heaetho-weorc      to hagan biodan
+     up ofer eg-clif,      þaer þaet eorl-weorod
+2895 morgen-longne daeg      mod-giomor saet,
+     bord-haebbende,      bega on wenum
+     ende-dogores      and eft-cymes
+     leofes monnes.      Lyt swigode
+     niwra spella,      se þe naes gerad,
+2900 ac he soethlice      saegde ofer ealle;
+     "Nu is wil-geofa      Wedra leoda,
+     "dryhten Geata      deaeth-bedde faest,
+     "wunaeth wael-reste      wyrmes daedum;
+     "him on efn ligeeth      ealdor-gewinna,
+2905 "siex-bennum seoc:      sweorde ne meahte
+     "on þam aglaecean      aenige þinga
+     "wunde gewyrcean.      Wiglaf siteeth
+     "ofer Biowulfe,      byre Wihstanes,
+     "eorl ofer oethrum      unlifigendum,
+2910 "healdeeth hige-meethum      heafod-wearde
+     "leofes and laethes.      Nu ys leodum wen
+     "orleg-hwile,      syethethan underne
+     "Froncum and Frysum      fyll cyninges
+     "wide weoretheeth.      Waes sio wroht scepen
+2915 "heard wieth Hugas,      syethethan Higelac cwom
+     "faran flot-herge      on Fresna land,
+     "þaer hyne Hetware      hilde gehnaegdon,
+     "elne geeodon      mid ofer-maegene,
+     "þaet se byrn-wiga      bugan sceolde,
+2920 "feoll on feethan:      nalles fraetwe geaf
+     "ealdor dugoethe;      us waes a syethethan
+     "Merewioinga      milts ungyfeethe.
+     "Ne ic to Sweo-þeode      sibbe oethethe treowe
+     "wihte ne wene;      ac waes wide cueth,
+2925 "þaette Ongenþio      ealdre besnyethede
+     "Haeethcyn Hreethling      wieth Hrefna-wudu,
+     "þa for on-medlan      aerest gesohton
+     "Geata leode      Gueth-scilfingas.
+     "Sona him se froda      faeder Ohtheres,
+2930 "eald and eges-full      ond-slyht ageaf,
+     "abreot brim-wisan,      bryd aheorde,
+     "gomela io-meowlan      golde berofene,
+     "Onelan modor      and Ohtheres,
+     "and þa folgode      feorh-geniethlan
+2935 "oeth þaet hi oetheodon      earfoethlice
+     "in Hrefnes-holt      hlaford-lease.
+     "Besaet þa sin-herge      sweorda lafe
+     "wundum werge,      wean oft gehet
+     "earmre teohhe      andlonge niht:
+2940 "cwaeeth he on mergenne      meces ecgum
+     "getan wolde,      sume on galg-treowum
+     "fuglum to gamene.      Frofor eft gelamp
+     "sarig-modum      somod aer-daege,
+     "syethethan hie Hygelaces      horn and byman
+2945 "gealdor ongeaton.      Þa se goda com
+     "leoda dugoethe      on last faran.
+
+
+XLI. HE TELLS OF THE SWEDES AND THE GEATAS.
+
+     "Waes sio swat-swaethu      Sweona and Geata,
+     "wael-raes wera      wide gesyne,
+     "hu þa folc mid him      faehethe towehton.
+2950 "Gewat him þa se goda      mid his gaedelingum,
+     "frod fela geomor      faesten secean,
+     "eorl Ongenþio      ufor oncirde;
+     "haefde Higelaces      hilde gefrunen,
+     "wlonces wig-craeft,      wiethres ne truwode,
+2955 "þaet he sae-mannum      onsacan mihte,
+     "heaetho-liethendum      hord forstandan,
+     "bearn and bryde;      beah eft þonan
+     "eald under eoreth-weall.      Þa waes aeht boden
+     "Sweona leodum,      segn Higelace.
+2960 "Freoetho-wong þone      foreth ofereodon,
+     "syethethan Hreethlingas      to hagan þrungon.
+     "Þaer weareth Ongenþio      ecgum sweorda,
+     "blonden-fexa      on bid wrecen,
+     "þaet se þeod-cyning      þafian sceolde
+2965 "Eofores anne dom:      hyne yrringa
+     "Wulf Wonreding      waepne geraehte,
+     "þaet him for swenge      swat aedrum sprong
+     "foreth under fexe.      Naes he forht swa þeh,
+     "gomela Scilfing,      ac forgeald hraethe
+2970 "wyrsan wrixle      wael-hlem þone,
+     "syethethan þeod-cyning      þyder oncirde:
+     "ne meahte se snella      sunu Wonredes
+     "ealdum ceorle      ond-slyht giofan,
+     "ac he him on heafde      helm aer gescer,
+2975 "þaet he blode fah      bugan sceolde,
+     "feoll on foldan;      naes he faege þa git,
+     "ac he hyne gewyrpte,      þeah þe him wund hrine,
+     "Let se hearda      Higelaces þegn
+     "bradne mece,      þa his broethor laeg,
+2980 "eald sweord eotonisc,      entiscne helm,
+     "brecan ofer bord-weal:      þa gebeah cyning,
+     "folces hyrde,      waes in feorh dropen.
+     "Þa waeron monige,      þe his maeg wriethon,
+     "ricone araerdon,      þa him gerymed weareth,
+2985 "þaet hie wael-stowe      wealdan moston.
+     "Þenden reafode      rinc oetherne,
+     "nam on Ongenþio      iren-byrnan,
+     "heard swyrd hilted      and his helm somod;
+     "hares hyrste      Higelace baer.
+2990 "He þam fraetwum feng      and him faegre gehet
+     "leana fore leodum      and gelaeste swa:
+     "geald þone gueth-raes      Geata dryhten,
+     "Hreethles eafora,      þa he to ham becom,
+     "Jofore and Wulfe      mid ofer-maethmum,
+2995 "sealde hiora gehwaeethrum      hund þusenda
+     "landes and locenra beaga;      ne þorfte him þa lean oethwitan
+     "mon on middan-gearde,      syethethan hie þa maeretha geslogon;
+     "and þa Jofore forgeaf      angan dohtor,
+     "ham-weorethunge,      hyldo to wedde.
+3000 "Þaet ys sio faehetho      and se feond-scipe,
+     "wael-nieth wera,      þaes þe ic wen hafo,
+     "þe us seceaeth to      Sweona leode,
+     "syethethan hie gefricgeaeth      frean userne
+     "ealdor-leasne,      þone þe aer geheold
+3005 "wieth hettendum      hord and rice,
+     "aefter haeleetha hryre      hwate Scylfingas,
+     "folc-raed fremede      oethethe furethur gen
+     "eorl-scipe efnde.      Nu is ofost betost,
+     "þaet we þeod-cyning      þaer sceawian
+3010 "and þone gebringan,      þe us beagas geaf,
+     "on ad-faere.      Ne scel anes hwaet
+     "meltan mid þam modigan,      ac þaer is maethma hord.
+     "gold unrime      grimme geceapod
+     "and nu aet siethestan      sylfes feore
+3015 "beagas gebohte;      þa sceal brond fretan,
+     "aeled þeccean,      nalles eorl wegan
+     "maethethum to gemyndum,      ne maegeth scyne
+     "habban on healse      hring-weorethunge,
+     "ac sceall geomor-mod      golde bereafod
+3020 "oft nalles aene      el-land tredan,
+     "nu se here-wisa      hleahtor alegde,
+     "gamen and gleo-dream.      Forþon sceall gar wesan
+     "monig morgen-ceald      mundum bewunden,
+     "haefen on handa,      nalles hearpan sweg
+3025 "wigend weccean,      ac se wonna hrefn
+     "fus ofer faegum,      fela reordian,
+     "earne secgan,      hu him aet aete speow,
+     "þenden he wieth wulf      wael reafode."
+     Swa se secg hwata      secgende waes
+3030 laethra spella;      he ne leag fela
+     wyrda ne worda.      Weorod eall aras,
+     eodon unbliethe      under Earna naes
+     wollen-teare      wundur sceawian.
+     Fundon þa on sande      sawul-leasne
+3035 hlim-bed healdan,      þone þe him hringas geaf
+     aerran maelum:      þa waes ende-daeg
+     godum gegongen,      þaet se gueth-cyning,
+     Wedra þeoden,      wundor-deaethe swealt.
+     AEr hi gesegan      syllicran wiht,
+3040 wyrm on wonge      wiether-raehtes þaer
+     laethne licgean:      waes se leg-draca,
+     grimlic gryre-gaest,      gledum beswaeled,
+     se waes fiftiges      fot-gemearces.
+     lang on legere,      lyft-wynne heold
+3045 nihtes hwilum,      nyether eft gewat
+     dennes niosian;      waes þa deaethe faest,
+     haefde eoreth-scrafa      ende genyttod.
+     Him big stodan      bunan and orcas,
+     discas lagon      and dyre swyrd,
+3050 omige þurh-etone,      swa hie wieth eorethan faeethm
+     þusend wintra      þaer eardodon:
+     þonne waes þaet yrfe      eacen-craeftig,
+     iu-monna gold      galdre bewunden,
+     þaet þam hring-sele      hrinan ne moste
+3055 gumena aenig,      nefne god sylfa,
+     sigora soeth-cyning,      sealde þam þe he wolde
+     (he is manna gehyld)      hord openian,
+     efne swa hwylcum manna,      swa him gemet þuhte.
+
+
+XLII. WIGLAF SPEAKS. THE BUILDING OF THE BALE-FIRE.
+
+     Þa waes gesyne,      þaet se sieth ne þah
+3060 þam þe unrihte      inne gehydde
+     wraete under wealle.      Weard aer ofsloh
+     feara sumne;      þa sio faeheth geweareth
+     gewrecen wraethlice.      Wundur hwar, þonne
+     eorl ellen-rof      ende gefere
+3065 lif-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne maeg
+     mon mid his magum      medu-seld buan.
+     Swa waes Biowulfe,      þa he biorges weard
+     sohte, searo-niethas:      seolfa ne cuethe,
+     þurh hwaet his worulde gedal      weorethan sceolde;
+3070 swa hit oeth domes daeg      diope benemdon
+     þeodnas maere,      þa þaet þaer dydon,
+     þaet se secg waere      synnum scildig,
+     hergum geheaetherod,      hell-bendum faest,
+     wommum gewitnad,      se þone wong strade.
+3075 Naes he gold-hwaet:      gearwor haefde
+     agendes est      aer gesceawod.
+     Wiglaf maethelode,      Wihstanes sunu:
+     "Oft sceall eorl monig      anes willan
+     "wraec adreogan,      swa us geworden is.
+3080 "Ne meahton we gelaeran      leofne þeoden,
+     "rices hyrde      raed aenigne,
+     "þaet he ne grette      gold-weard þone,
+     "lete hyne licgean,      þaer he longe waes,
+     "wicum wunian      oeth woruld-ende.
+3085 "Heoldon heah gesceap:      hord ys gesceawod,
+     "grimme gegongen;      waes þaet gifeethe to swieth,
+     "þe þone þeoden      þyder ontyhte.
+     "Ic waes þaer inne      and þaet eall geond-seh,
+     "recedes geatwa,      þa me gerymed waes,
+3090 "nealles swaeslice      sieth alyfed
+     "inn under eoreth-weall.      Ic on ofoste gefeng
+     "micle mid mundum      maegen-byrethenne
+     "hord-gestreona,      hider ut aetbaer
+     "cyninge minum:      cwico waes þa gena,
+3095 "wis and gewittig;      worn eall gespraec
+     "gomol on gehetho      and eowic gretan het,
+     "baed þaet ge geworhton      aefter wines daedum
+     "in bael-stede      beorh þone hean
+     "micelne and maerne,      swa he manna waes
+3100 "wigend weoreth-fullost      wide geond eorethan,
+     "þenden he burh-welan      brucan moste.
+     "Uton nu efstan      oethre siethe
+     "seon and secean      searo-geþraec,
+     "wundur under wealle!      ic eow wisige,
+3105 "þaet ge genoge      nean sceawiaeth
+     "beagas and brad gold.      Sie sio baer gearo
+     "aedre geaefned,      þonne we ut cymen,
+     "and þonne geferian      frean userne,
+     "leofne mannan,      þaer he longe sceal
+3110 "on þaes waldendes      waere geþolian."
+     Het þa gebeodan      byre Wihstanes,
+     haele hilde-dior,      haeleetha monegum
+     bold-agendra,      þaet hie bael-wudu
+     feorran feredon,      folc-agende
+3115 godum togenes:      "Nu sceal gled fretan
+     "(weaxan wonna leg)      wigena strengel,
+     "þone þe oft gebad      isern-scure,
+     "þonne straela storm,      strengum gebaeded,
+     "scoc ofer scild-weall,      sceft nytte heold,
+3120 "feether-gearwum fus      flane full-eode."
+     Huru se snotra      sunu Wihstanes
+     acigde of corethre      cyninges þegnas
+     syfone tosomne      þa selestan,
+     eode eahta sum      under inwit-hrof;
+3125 hilde-rinc sum      on handa baer
+     aeled-leoman,      se þe on orde geong.
+     Naes þa on hlytme,      hwa þaet hord strude,
+     syethethan or-wearde      aenigne dael
+     secgas gesegon      on sele wunian,
+3130 laene licgan:      lyt aenig mearn,
+     þaet hi ofostlice      ut geferedon
+     dyre maethmas;      dracan ec scufun,
+     wyrm ofer weall-clif,      leton waeg niman,
+     flod faeethmian      fraetwa hyrde.
+3135 Þaer waes wunden gold      on waen hladen,
+     aeghwaes unrim,      aeetheling boren,
+     har hilde-rinc      to Hrones naesse.
+
+
+XLIII. BEOWULF'S FUNERAL PYRE.
+
+     Him þa gegiredan      Geata leode
+     ad on eorethan      un-waclicne,
+3140 helmum behongen,      hilde-bordum,
+     beorhtum byrnum,      swa he bena waes;
+     alegdon þa to-middes      maerne þeoden
+     haeleeth hiofende,      hlaford leofne.
+     Ongunnon þa on beorge      bael-fyra maest
+3145 wigend weccan:      wudu-rec astah
+     sweart ofer swioethole,      swogende leg,
+     wope bewunden      (wind-blond gelaeg)
+     oeth þaet he þa ban-hus      gebrocen haefde,
+     hat on hreethre.      Higum unrote
+3150 mod-ceare maendon      mon-dryhtnes cwealm;
+     swylce giomor-gyd      + lat . con meowle
+     . . . . .      wunden heorde . . .
+     serg (?) cearig saelde      geneahhe
+     þaet hio hyre . . . . gas hearde
+3155 . . . . . ede      waelfylla wonn . .
+     hildes egesan      hyetho
+     haf mid      heofon rece swealh (?)
+     Geworhton þa      Wedra leode
+     hlaew on hliethe,      se waes heah and brad,
+3160 waeg-liethendum      wide gesyne,
+     and betimbredon      on tyn dagum
+     beadu-rofes becn:      bronda betost
+     wealle beworhton,      swa hyt weorethlicost
+     fore-snotre men      findan mihton.
+3165 Hi on beorg dydon      beg and siglu,
+     eall swylce hyrsta,      swylce on horde aer
+     nieth-hydige men      genumen haefdon;
+     forleton eorla gestreon      eorethan healdan,
+     gold on greote,      þaer hit nu gen lifaeth
+3170 eldum swa unnyt,      swa hit aeror waes.
+     Þa ymbe hlaew riodan      hilde-deore,
+     aeethelinga bearn      ealra twelfa,
+     woldon ceare cwiethan,      kyning maenan,
+     word-gyd wrecan      and ymb wer sprecan,
+3175 eahtodan eorl-scipe      and his ellen-weorc
+     duguethum demdon,      swa hit ge-defe bieth,
+     þaet mon his wine-dryhten      wordum herge,
+     ferhethum freoge,      þonne he foreth scile
+     of lic-haman      laene weorethan.
+3180 Swa begnornodon      Geata leode
+     hlafordes hryre,      heoreth-geneatas,
+     cwaedon þaet he waere      woruld-cyning
+     mannum mildust      and mon-þwaerust,
+     leodum liethost      and lof-geornost.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX
+
+
+THE ATTACK IN FINNSBURG. [Footnote: See v. 1069 _seqq._]
+
+     ". . . . . . . . . . . naes byrnaeth naefre."
+     Hleoethrode þa      heaetho-geong cyning:
+     "Ne þis ne dagaeth eastan,      ne her draca ne fleogeeth,
+     "ne her þisse healle      hornas ne byrnaeth,
+5    "ac fer foreth beraeth      fugelas singaeth,
+     "gylleeth graeg-hama,      gueth-wudu hlynneeth,
+     "scyld scefte oncwyeth.      Nu scyneeth þes mona
+     "waethol under wolcnum;      nu arisaeth wea-daeda,
+     "þe þisne folces nieth      fremman willaeth.
+10   "Ac onwacnigeaeth nu,      wigend mine,
+     "hebbaeth eowre handa,      hicgeaeth on ellen,
+     "winnaeth on orde,      wesaeth on mode!"
+     Þa aras monig gold-hladen þegn,      gyrde hine his swurde;
+     þa to dura eodon      drihtlice cempan,
+15   Sigefereth and Eaha,      hyra sweord getugon,
+     and aet oethrum durum      Ordlaf and Guethlaf,
+     and Hengest sylf;      hwearf him on laste.
+     Þa git Garulf      Guethere styrode,
+     þaet hie swa freolic feorh      forman siethe
+20   to þaere healle durum      hyrsta ne baeran,
+     nu hyt nietha heard      anyman wolde:
+     ac he fraegn ofer eal      undearninga,
+     deor-mod haeleeth,      hwa þa duru heolde.
+     "Sigefereth is min nama (cwaeeth he),      ic eom Secgena leod,
+25   "wrecca wide cueth.      Fela ic weana gebad,
+     "heardra hilda;      þe is gyt her witod,
+     "swaeether þu sylf to me      secean wylle."
+     Þa waes on wealle      wael-slihta gehlyn,
+     sceolde celod bord      cenum on handa
+30   ban-helm berstan.      Buruh-þelu dynede,
+     oeth þaet aet þaere guethe      Garulf gecrang,
+     ealra aerest      eoreth-buendra,
+     Guethlafes sunu;      ymbe hine godra fela.
+     Hwearf flacra hraew      hraefn, wandrode
+35   sweart and sealo-brun;      swurd-leoma stod
+     swylce eal Finns-buruh      fyrenu waere.
+     Ne gefraegn ic naefre wurethlicor      aet wera hilde
+     sixtig sige-beorna      sel gebaeran,
+     ne naefre swanas swetne      medo sel forgyldan,
+40   þonne Hnaefe guldon      his haeg-stealdas.
+     Hig fuhton fif dagas,      swa hyra nan ne feol
+     driht-gesietha,      ac hig þa duru heoldon.
+     Þa gewat him wund haeleeth      on waeg gangan,
+     saede þaet his byrne      abrocen waere,
+45   here-sceorpum hror,      and eac waes his helm þyrl.
+     Þa hine sona fraegn      folces hyrde,
+     hu þa wigend      hyra wunda genaeson
+     oethethe hwaeether þaera hyssa . . . . . . .
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES; NOTES; AND GLOSSARY.
+
+ABBREVIATIONS
+
+m.: masculine.
+f.: feminine.
+n.: neuter.
+nom., gen.: nominative, genitive, etc.
+w.: weak.
+w. v.: weak verb.
+st.: strong.
+st. v.: strong verb.
+I., II., III.: first, second, third person.
+comp.: compound.
+imper.: imperative.
+w.: with.
+instr.: instrumental.
+G. and Goth.: Gothic.
+O.N.: Old Norse.
+O.S.: Old Saxon.
+O.H.G.: Old High German.
+M.H.G.: Middle High German.
+
+The vowel ae = _a_ in _glad_      }
+The diphthong ae = _a_ in _hair_  } approximately.
+
+
+The names Leo, Bugge, Rieger, etc., refer to authors of emendations.
+
+Words beginning with ge- will be found under their root-word.
+
+Obvious abbreviations, like subj., etc., are not included in this list.
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF NAMES.
+
+Abel, Cain's brother, 108.
+
+Aelf-here (gen. Aelf-heres, 2605), a kinsman of Wiglaf's, 2605.
+
+Aesc-here, confidential adviser of King Hroethgar (1326), older brother of
+Yrmenlaf (1325), killed by Grendel's mother, 1295, 1324, 2123.
+
+Ban-stan, father of Breca, 524.
+
+Beo-wulf, son of Scyld, king of the Danes, 18, 19. After the death of his
+father, he succeeds to the throne of the Scyldings, 53. His son is
+Healfdene, 57.
+
+Beo-wulf (Biowulf, 1988, 2390; gen. Beowulfes, 857, etc., Biowulfes, 2195,
+2808, etc.; dat. Beowulfe, 610, etc., Biowulfe, 2325, 2843), of the race of
+the Geatas. His father is the Waegmunding Ecgþeow (263, etc.); his mother a
+daughter of Hreethel, king of the Geatas (374), at whose court he is brought
+up after his seventh year with Hreethel's sons, Herebeald, Haeethcyn, and
+Hygelac, 2429 ff. In his youth lazy and unapt (2184 f., 2188 f.); as man he
+attains in the gripe of his hand the strength of thirty men, 379. Hence his
+victories in his combats with bare hands (711 ff., 2502 ff.), while fate
+denies him the victory in the battle with swords, 2683 f. His
+swimming-match with Breca in his youth, 506 ff. Goes with fourteen Geatas
+to the assistance of the Danish king, Hroethgar, against Grendel, 198 ff. His
+combat with Grendel, and his victory, 711 ff., 819 ff. He is, in
+consequence, presented with rich gifts by Hroethgar, 1021 ff. His combat with
+Grendel's mother, 1442 ff. Having again received gifts, he leaves Hroethgar
+(1818-1888), and returns to Hygelac, 1964 ff.--After Hygelac's last battle
+and death, he flees alone across the sea, 2360 f. In this battle he crushes
+Daeghrefn, one of the Hugas, to death, 2502 f. He rejects at the same time
+Hygelac's kingdom and the hand of his widow (2370 ff.), but carries on the
+government as guardian of the young Heardred, son of Hygelac, 2378 ff.
+After Heardred's death, the kingdom falls to Beowulf, 2208,
+2390.--Afterwards, on an expedition to avenge the murdered Heardred, he
+kills the Scylfing, Eadgils (2397), and probably conquers his country.
+--His fight with the drake, 2539 ff. His death, 2818. His burial, 3135 ff.
+
+Breca (acc. Brecan, 506, 531), son of Beanstan, 524. Chief of the
+Brondings, 521. His swimming-match with Beowulf, 506 ff.
+
+Brondingas (gen. Brondinga, 521), Breca, their chief, 521.
+
+Brosinga mene, corrupted from, or according to Muellenhoff, written by
+mistake for, Breosinga mene (O.N., Brisinga men, cf. Haupts Zeitschr. XII.
+304), collar, which the Brisingas once possessed.
+
+Cain (gen. Caines, 107): descended from him are Grendel and his kin, 107,
+1262 ff.
+
+Daeg-hrefn (dat. Daeghrefne, 2502), a warrior of the Hugas, who, according to
+2504-5, compared with 1203, and with 1208, seems to have been the slayer of
+King Hygelac, in his battle against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hugas.
+Is crushed to death by Beowulf in a hand-to-hand combat, 2502 ff.
+
+Dene (gen. Dena, 242, etc., Denia, 2126, Deniga, 271, etc.; dat. Denum,
+768, etc.), as subjects of Scyld and his descendants, they are also called
+Scyldings; and after the first king of the East Danes, Ing (Runenlied, 22),
+Ing-wine, 1045, 1320. They are also once called Hreethmen, 445. On account of
+their renowned warlike character, they bore the names Gar-Dene, 1, 1857,
+Hring-Dene (Armor-Danes), 116, 1280, Beorht-Dene, 427, 610. The great
+extent of this people is indicated by their names from the four quarters of
+the heavens: East-Dene, 392, 617, etc., West-Dene, 383, 1579, Sueth-Dene,
+463, Noreth-Dene, 784.--Their dwelling-place "in Scedelandum," 19, "on
+Scedenigge," 1687, "be saem tweonum," 1686.
+
+Ecg-laf (gen. Ecglafes, 499), Hunfereth's father, 499.
+
+Ecg-þeow (nom. Ecgþeow, 263, Ecgþeo, 373; gen. Ecgþeowes, 529, etc.,
+Ecgþiowes, 2000), a far-famed hero of the Geatas, of the house of the
+Waegmundings. Beowulf is the son of Ecgþeow, by the only daughter of Hreethel,
+king of the Geatas, 262, etc. Among the Wylfings, he has slain Heaetholaf
+(460), and in consequence he goes over the sea to the Danes (463), whose
+king, Hroethgar, by means of gold, finishes the strife for him, 470.
+
+Ecg-wela (gen. Ecg-welan, 1711). The Scyldings are called his descendants,
+1711. Grein considers him the founder of the older dynasty of Danish kings,
+which closes with Heremod. See Heremod.
+
+Elan, daughter of Healfdene, king of the Danes, (?) 62. According to the
+restored text, she is the wife of Ongenþeow, the Scylfing, 62, 63.
+
+Earna-naes, the Eagle Cape in the land of the Geatas, where occurred
+Beowulf's fight with the drake, 3032.
+
+Eadgils (dat. Eadgilse, 2393), son of Ohthere, and grandson of Ongenþeow,
+the Scylfing, 2393. His older brother is
+
+Eanmund (gen. Eanmundes, 2612). What is said about both in our poem
+(2201-2207, 2380-2397, 2612-2620) is obscure, but the following may be
+conjectured:--
+
+The sons of Ohthere, Eanmund and Eadgils, have rebelled against their
+father (2382), and must, in consequence, depart with their followers from
+Swiorice, 2205-6, 2380. They come into the country of the Geatas to
+Heardred (2380), but whether with friendly or hostile intent is not stated;
+but, according to 2203 f., we are to presume that they came against
+Heardred with designs of conquest. At a banquet (on feorme; or feorme, MS.)
+Heardred falls, probably through treachery, by the hand of one of the
+brothers, 2386, 2207. The murderer must have been Eanmund, to whom,
+according to 2613, "in battle the revenge of Weohstan brings death."
+Weohstan takes revenge for his murdered king, and exercises upon Eanmund's
+body the booty-right, and robs it of helm, breastplate, and sword
+(2616-17), which the slain man had received as gifts from his uncle, Onela,
+2617-18. But Weohstan does not speak willingly of this fight, although he
+has slain Onela's brother's son, 2619-20.--After Heardred's and Eanmund's
+death, the descendant of Ongenþeow, Eadgils, returns to his home, 2388. He
+must give way before Beowulf, who has, since Heardred's death, ascended the
+throne of the Geatas, 2390. But Beowulf remembers it against him in after
+days, and the old feud breaks out anew, 2392-94. Eadgils makes an invasion
+into the land of the Geatas (2394-95), during which he falls at the hands
+of Beowulf, 2397. The latter must have then obtained the sovereignty over
+the Sweonas (3005-6, where only the version, Scylfingas, can give a
+satisfactory sense).
+
+Eofor (gen. Eofores, 2487, 2965; dat. Jofore, 2994, 2998), one of the
+Geatas, son of Wonred and brother of Wulf (2965, 2979), kills the Swedish
+king, Ongenþeow (2487 ff., 2978-82), for which he receives from King
+Hygelac, along with other gifts, his only daughter in marriage, 2994-99.
+
+Eormen-ric (gen. Eormenrices, 1202), king of the Goths (cf. about him, W.
+Grimm, Deutsche Heldensage, p. 2, ff.). Hama has wrested the Brosinga mene
+from him, 1202.
+
+Eomaer, son of Offa and Þryetho (cf. Þryetho), 1961.
+
+Finn (gen. Finnes, 1069, etc.; dat. Finne, 1129), son of Folcwalda (1090),
+king of the North Frisians, i.e. of the Eotenas, husband of Hildeburg, a
+daughter of Hoc, 1072, 1077. He is the hero of the inserted poem on the
+Attack in Finnsburg, the obscure incidents of which are, perhaps, as
+follows: In Finn's castle, Finnsburg, situated in Jutland (1126-28), the
+Hocing, Hnaef, a relative--perhaps a brother--of Hildeburg is spending some
+time as guest. Hnaef, who is a liegeman of the Danish king, Healfdene, has
+sixty men with him (Finnsburg, 38). These are treacherously attacked one
+night by Finn's men, 1073. For five days they hold the doors of their
+lodging-place without losing one of their number (Finnsburg, 41, 42). Then,
+however, Hnaef is slain (1071), and the Dane, Hengest, who was among Hnaef's
+followers, assumes the command of the beleaguered band. But on the
+attacking side the fight has brought terrible losses to Finn's men. Their
+numbers are diminished (1081 f.), and Hildeburg bemoans a son and a brother
+among the fallen (1074 f., cf. 1116, 1119). Therefore the Frisians offer
+the Danes peace (1086) under the conditions mentioned (1087-1095), and it
+is confirmed with oaths (1097), and money is given by Finn in propitiation
+(1108). Now all who have survived the battle go together to Friesland, the
+homo proper of Finn, and here Hengest remains during the winter, prevented
+by ice and storms from returning home (Grein). But in spring the feud
+breaks out anew. Guethlaf and Oslaf avenge Hnaef's fall, probably after they
+have brought help from home (1150). In the battle, the hall is filled with
+the corpses of the enemy. Finn himself is killed, and the queen is captured
+and carried away, along with the booty, to the land of the Danes,
+1147-1160.
+
+Finna land. Beowulf reaches it in his swimming-race with Breca, 580.
+
+Fitela, the son and nephew of the Waelsing, Sigemund, and his companion in
+arms, 876-890. (Sigemund had begotten Fitela by his sister, Signy. Cf. more
+at length Leo on Beowulf, p. 38 ff., where an extract from the legend of
+the Walsungs is given.)
+
+Folc-walda (gen. Folc-waldan, 1090), Finn's father, 1090.
+
+Francan (gen. Francna, 1211; dat. Froncum, 2913). King Hygelac fell on an
+expedition against the allied Franks, Frisians, and Hugas, 1211, 2917.
+
+Fresan, Frisan, Frysan (gen. Fresena, 1094, Frysna, 1105, Fresna, 2916:
+dat. Frysum, 1208, 2913). To be distinguished, are: 1) North Frisians,
+whose king is Finn, 1069 ff.; 2) West Frisians, in alliance with the Franks
+and Hugas, in the war against whom Hygelac falls, 1208, 2916. The country
+of the former is called Frysland, 1127; that of the latter, Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+Fr..es wael (in Fr..es waele, 1071), mutilated proper name.
+
+Freawaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hroethgar; given in marriage to
+Ingeld, the son of the Heaethobeard king, Froda, in order to end a war
+between the Danes and the Heaethobeardnas, 2023 ff., 2065.
+
+Froda (gen. Frodan), father of Ingeld, the husband of Freaware, 2026.
+
+Garmund (gen. Garmundes, 1963) father of Offa. His grandson is Eomaer,
+1961-63.
+
+Geatas (gen. Geata, 205, etc.; dat. Geatum, 195, etc.), a tribe in Southern
+Scandinavia, to which the hero of this poem belongs; also called
+Wedergeatas, 1493, 2552; or, Wederas, 225, 423, etc.; Guethgeatas, 1539;
+Saegeatas, 1851, 1987. Their kings named in this poem are: Hreethel; Haeethcyn,
+second son of Hreethel; Hygelac, the brother of Haeethcyn; Heardred, son of
+Hygelac; then Beowulf.
+
+Gifethas (dat. Gifethum, 2495), Gepidae, mentioned in connection with Danes and
+Swedes, 2495.
+
+Grendel, a fen-spirit (102-3) of Cain's race, 107, 111, 1262, 1267. He
+breaks every night into Hroethgar's hall and carries off thirty warriors, 115
+ff., 1583ff. He continues this for twelve years, till Beowulf fights with
+him (147, 711 ff.), and gives him a mortal wound, in that he tears out one
+of his arms (817), which is hung up as a trophy in the roof of Heorot, 837.
+Grendel's mother wishes to avenge her son, and the following night breaks
+into the hall and carries off Aeschere, 1295. Beowulf seeks for and finds
+her home in the fen-lake (1493 ff.), fights with her (1498 ff.), and kills
+her (1567); and cuts off the head of Grendel, who lay there dead (1589),
+and brings it to Hroethgar, 1648.
+
+Gueth-laf and Oslaf, Danish warriors under Hnaef, whose death they avenge on
+Finn, 1149.
+
+Halga, with the surname, _til_, the younger brother of the Danish king,
+Hroethgar, 61. His son is Hroethulf, 1018, 1165, 1182.
+
+Hama wrests the _Brosinga mene_ from Eormenric, 1199.
+
+Haereeth (gen. Haereethes, 1982), father of Hygd, the wife of Hygelac, 1930,
+1982.
+
+Haeethcyn (dat. Haeethcynne, 2483), second son of Hreethel, king of the Geatas,
+2435. Kills his oldest brother, Herebeald, accidentally, with an arrow,
+2438 ff. After Hreethel's death, he obtains the kingdom, 2475, 2483. He falls
+at Ravenswood, in the battle against the Swedish king, Ongenþeow, 2925. His
+successor is his younger brother, Hygelac, 2944 ff., 2992.
+
+Helmingas (gen. Helminga, 621). From them comes Wealhþeow, Hroethgar's wife,
+621.
+
+Heming (gen. Heminges, 1945, 1962). Offa is called Heminges maeg, 1945;
+Eomaer, 1962. According to Bachlechner (Pfeiffer's Germania, I., p. 458),
+Heming is the son of the sister of Garmund, Offa's father.
+
+Hengest (gen. Hengestes, 1092; dat. Hengeste, 1084): about him and his
+relations to Hnaef and Finn, see Finn.
+
+Here-beald (dat. Herebealde, 2464), the oldest son of Hreethel, king of the
+Geatas (2435), accidentally killed with an arrow by his younger brother,
+Haeethcyn, 2440.
+
+Here-mod (gen. Heremodes, 902), king of the Danes, not belonging to the
+Scylding dynasty, but, according to Grein, immediately preceding it; is, on
+account of his unprecedented cruelty, driven out, 902 ff., 1710.
+
+Here-ric (gen. Hererices, 2207) Heardred is called Hererices nefa, 2207.
+Nothing further is known of him.
+
+Het-ware or Franks, in alliance with the Frisians and the Hugas, conquer
+Hygelac, king of the Geatas, 2355, 2364 ff., 2917.
+
+Healf-dene (gen. Healfdenes, 189, etc.), son of Beowulf, the Scylding (57);
+rules the Danes long and gloriously (57 f.); has three sons, Heorogar,
+Hroethgar, and Halga (61), and a daughter, Elan, who, according to the
+renewed text of the passage, waes married to the Scylfing, Ongenþeow, 62,
+63.
+
+Heard-red (dat. Heardrede, 2203, 2376), son of Hygelac, king of the Geatas,
+and Hygd. After his father's death, while still under age, he obtains the
+throne (2371, 2376, 2379); wherefore Beowulf, as nephew of Heardred's
+father, acts as guardian to the youth till he becomes older, 2378. He is
+slain by Ohthere's sons, 2386. This murder Beowulf avenges on Eadgils,
+2396-97.
+
+Heaetho-beardnas (gen. -beardna, 2033, 2038, 2068), the tribe of the
+Lombards. Their king, Froda, has fallen in a war with the Danes, 2029,
+2051. In order to end the feud, King Hroethgar has given his daughter,
+Freawaru, as wife to the young Ingeld, the son of Froda, a marriage that
+does not result happily; for Ingeld, though he long defers it on account of
+his love for his wife, nevertheless takes revenge for his father, 2021-2070
+(Widsieth, 45-49).
+
+Heaetho-laf (dat. Heaetho-lafe, 460), a Wylfingish warrior. Ecgþeow, Beowulf's
+father, kills him, 460.
+
+Heaetho-raemas reached by B. in the swimming-race with Beowulf, 519.
+
+Heoro-gar (nom. 61; Heregar, 467; Hiorogar, 2159), son of Healfdene, and
+older brother of Hroethgar, 61. His death is mentioned, 467. He has a son,
+Heoroweard, 2162. His coat of mail Beowulf has received from Hroethgar
+(2156), and presents it to Hygelac, 2158.
+
+Heoro-weard (dat. Heorowearde, 2162), Heorogar's son, 2161-62.
+
+Heort, 78. Heorot, 166 (gen. Heorotes, 403; dat. Heorote, 475, Heorute,
+767, Hiorte, 2100). Hroethgar's throne-room and banqueting hall and
+assembly-room for his liegemen, built by him with unusual splendor, 69, 78.
+In it occurs Beowulf's fight with Grendel, 720 ff. The hall receives its
+name from the stag's antlers, of which the one-half crowns the eastern
+gable, the other half the western.
+
+Hildeburh, daughter of Hoc, relative of the Danish leader, Hnaef, consort of
+the Frisian king, Finn. After the fall of the latter, she becomes a captive
+of the Danes, 1072, 1077, 1159. See also under Finn.
+
+Hnaef (gen. Hnaefes, 1115), a Hocing (Widsieth, 29), the Danish King
+Healfdene's general, 1070 ff. For his fight with Finn, his death and
+burial, see under Finn.
+
+Hond-scio, warrior of the Geatas: dat. 2077.
+
+Hoc (gen. Hoces, 1077), father of Hildeburh, 1077; probably also of Hnaef
+(Widsieth, 29).
+
+Hreethel (gen. Hreethles, 1486), son of Swerting, 1204. King of the Geatas,
+374. He has, besides, a daughter, who is married to Ecgþeow, and has borne
+him Beowulf, (374), three sons, Herebeald, Haeethcyn, and Hygelac, 2435. The
+eldest of these is accidentally killed by the second, 2440. On account of
+this inexpiable deed, Hreethel becomes melancholy (2443), and dies, 2475.
+
+Hreethla (gen. Hreethlan, MS. Hraedlan, 454), the same as Hreethel (cf. Muellenhoff
+in Haupts Zeitschrift, 12, 260), the former owner of Beowulf's coat of
+mail, 454.
+
+Hreeth-men (gen. Hreeth-manna, 445), the Danes are so called, 445.
+
+Hreeth-ric, son of Hroethgar, 1190, 1837.
+
+Hrefna-wudu, 2926, or Hrefnes-holt, 2936, the thicket near which the
+Swedish king, Ongenþeow, slew Haeethcyn, king of the Geatas, in battle.
+
+Hreosna-beorh, promontory in the land of the Geatas, near which Ongenþeow's
+sons, Ohthere and Onela, had made repeated robbing incursions into the
+country after Hreethel's death. These were the immediate cause of the war in
+which Hreethel's son, King Haeethcyn, fell, 2478 ff.
+
+Hroeth-gar (gen. Hroethgares, 235, etc.; dat. Hroethgare, 64, etc.), of the
+dynasty of the Scyldings; the second of the three sons of King Healfdene,
+61. After the death of his elder brother, Heorogar, he assumes the
+government of the Danes, 465, 467 (yet it is not certain whether Heorogar
+was king of the Danes before Hroethgar, or whether his death occurred while
+his father, Healfdene, was still alive). His consort is Wealhþeow (613), of
+the stock of the Helmings (621), who has borne him two sons, Hreethric and
+Hroethmund (1190), and a daughter, Freaware (2023), who has been given in
+marriage to the king of the Heaethobeardnas, Ingeld. His throne-room (78
+ff.), which has been built at great cost (74 ff.), is visited every night
+by Grendel (102, 115), who, along with his mother, is slain by Beowulf (711
+ff., 1493 ff). Hroethgar's rich gifts to Beowulf, in consequence, 1021, 1818;
+he is praised as being generous, 71 ff., 80, 1028 ff., 1868 ff.; as being
+brave, 1041 ff., 1771 ff.; and wise, 1699, 1725.--Other information about
+Hroethgar's reign for the most part only suggested: his expiation of the
+murder which Ecgþeow, Beowulf's father, committed upon Heaetholaf, 460, 470;
+his war with the Heaethobeardnas; his adjustment of it by giving his
+daughter, Freaware, in marriage to their king, Ingeld; evil results of this
+marriage, 2021-2070.--Treachery of his brother's son, Hroethulf, intimated,
+1165-1166.
+
+Hroeth-mund, Hroethgar's son, 1190.
+
+Hroeth-ulf, probably a son of Halga, the younger brother of King Hroethgar,
+1018, 1182. Wealhþeow expresses the hope (1182) that, in case of the early
+death of Hroethgar, Hroeth-ulf would prove a good guardian to Hroethgar's young
+son, who would succeed to the government; a hope which seems not to have
+been accomplished, since it appears from 1165, 1166 that Hroeth-ulf has
+abused his trust towards Hroethgar.
+
+Hrones-naes (dat. -naesse, 2806, 3137), a promontory on the coast of the
+country of the Geatas, visible from afar. Here is Beowulf's grave-mound,
+2806, 3137.
+
+Hrunting (dat. Hruntinge, 1660), Hunfereth's sword, is so called, 1458, 1660.
+
+Hugas (gen. Huga, 2503), Hygelac wars against them allied with the Franks
+and Frisians, and falls, 2195 ff. One of their heroes is called Daeghrefn,
+whom Beowulf slays, 2503.
+
+[H]un-fereth, the son of Ecglaf, þyle of King Hroethgar. As such, he has his
+place near the throne of the king, 499, 500, 1167. He lends his sword,
+Hrunting, to Beowulf for his battle with Grendel's mother, 1456 f.
+According to 588, 1168, he slew his brothers. Since his name is always
+alliterated with vowels, it is probable that the original form was, as
+Rieger (Zachers Ztschr., 3, 414) conjectures, Unfereth.
+
+Hun-lafing, name of a costly sword, which Finn presents to Hengest, 1144.
+See Note.
+
+Hygd (dat. Hygde, 2173), daughter of Haereeth, 1930; consort of Hygelac, king
+of the Geatas, 1927; her son, Heardred, 2203, etc.--Her noble, womanly
+character is emphasized, 1927 ff.
+
+Hyge-lac (gen. Hige-laces, 194, etc., Hygelaces, 2387; dat. Higelace, 452,
+Hygelace, 2170), king of the Geatas, 1203, etc. His grandfather is
+Swerting, 1204; his father, Hreethel, 1486, 1848; his older brothers,
+Herebeald and Haeethcyn, 2435; his sister's son, Beowulf, 374, 375. After his
+brother, Haeethcyn, is killed by Ongenþeow, he undertakes the government (2992
+in connection with the preceding from 2937 on). To Eofor he gives, as
+reward for slaying Ongenþeow, his only daughter in marriage, 2998. But much
+later, at the time of the return of Beowulf from his expedition to Hroethgar,
+we see him married to the very young Hygd, the daughter of Haereeth, 1930. The
+latter seems, then, to have been his second wife. Their son is Heardred,
+2203, 2376, 2387.--Hygelac falls during an expedition against the Franks,
+Frisians, and Hugas, 1206, 1211, 2356-59, 2916-17.
+
+Ingeld (dat. Ingelde, 2065), son of Froda, the Heaethobeard chief, who fell
+in a battle with the Danes, 2051 ff. in order to end the war, Ingeld is
+married to Freawaru, daughter of the Danish king, Hroethgar, 2025-30. Yet his
+love for his young wife can make him forget only for a short while his
+desire to avenge his father. He finally carries it out, excited thereto by
+the repeated admonitions of an old warrior, 2042-70 (Widsieth, 45-59).
+
+Ing-wine (gen. Ingwina, 1045, 1320), friends of Ing, the first king of the
+East Danes. The Danes are so called, 1045, 1320.
+
+Mere-wioingas (gen. Mere-wioinga, 2922), as name of the Franks, 2922.
+
+Naegling, the name of Beowulf's sword, 2681.
+
+Offa (gen. Offan, 1950), king of the Angles (Widsieth, 35), the son of
+Garmund, 1963; married (1950) to Þryetho (1932), a beautiful but cruel woman,
+of unfeminine spirit (1932 ff.), by whom he has a son, Eomaer, 1961.
+
+Oht-here (gen. Ohtheres, 2929, 2933; Ohteres, 2381, 2393, 2395, 2613), son
+of Ongenþeow, king of the Swedes, 2929. His sons are Eanmund (2612) and
+Eadgils, 2393.
+
+Onela (gen. Onelan, 2933), Ohthere's brother, 2617, 2933.
+
+Ongen-þeow (nom. -þeow, 2487, -þio, 2952; gen. -þeowes, 2476, -þiowes,
+2388; dat. -þio, 2987), of the dynasty of the Scylfings; king of the
+Swedes, 2384. His wife is, perhaps, Elan, daughter of the Danish king,
+Healfdene (62), and mother of two sons, Onela and Ohthere, 2933. She is
+taken prisoner by Haeethcyn, king of the Geatas, on an expedition into Sweden,
+which he undertakes on account of her sons' plundering raids into his
+country, 2480 ff. She is set free by Ongenþeow (2931), who kills Haeethcyn,
+2925, and encloses the Geatas, now deprived of their leader, in the
+Ravenswood (2937 ff.), till they are freed by Hygelac, 2944. A battle then
+follows, which is unfavorable to Ongenþeow's army. Ongenþeow himself,
+attacked by the brothers, Wulf and Eofor, is slain by the latter, 2487 ff.,
+2962 ff.
+
+Os-laf, a warrior of Hnaef's, who avenges on Finn his leader's death, 1149
+f.
+
+Scede-land, 19. Sceden-ig (dat. Sceden-igge, 1687), O.N., Scan-ey, the most
+southern portion of the Scandinavian peninsula, belonging to the Danish
+kingdom, and, in the above-mentioned passages of our poem, a designation of
+the whole Danish kingdom.
+
+Scef or Sceaf. See Note.
+
+Scyld (gen. Scyldes, 19), a Scefing. 4. His son is Beowulf, 18, 53: his
+grandson, Healfdene, 57; his great-grandson, Hroethgar, who had two brothers
+and a sister, 59 ff.--Scyld dies, 26; his body, upon a decorated ship, is
+given over to the sea (32 ff.), just as he, when a child, drifted alone,
+upon a ship, to the land of the Danes, 43 ff. After him his descendants
+bear his name.
+
+Scyldingas (Scyldungas, 2053; gen. Scyldinga, 53, etc., Scyldunga, 2102,
+2160; dat. Scyldingum, 274, etc.), a name which is extended also to the
+Danes, who are ruled by the Scyldings, 53, etc. They are also called
+Ar-Scyldingas, 464; Sige-Scyldingas, 598, 2005; Þeod-Scyldingas, 1020;
+Here-Scyldingas, 1109.
+
+Scylfingas, a Swedish royal family, whose relationship seems to extend to
+the Geatas, since Wiglaf, the son of Wihstan, who in another place, as a
+kinsman of Beowulf, is called a Waegmunding (2815), is also called leod
+Scylfinga, 2604. The family connections are perhaps as follows:--
+
+              Scylf.
+                |
+     ------------------------
+     Waegmund.         .......
+        |                |
+------------------  ----------
+Ecgþeow.  Weohstan.  Ongenþeow.
+   |         |           |
+-------- -------- ---------------
+Beowulf.  Wiglaf.  Onela. Ohthere.
+                             |
+                 -----------------
+                 Eaumund. Eadgils.
+
+The Scylfings are also called Heaetho-Scilfingas, 63, Gueth-Scylfingas, 2928.
+
+Sige-mund (dat. -munde, 876, 885), the son of Waels, 878, 898. His (son and)
+nephew is Fitela, 880, 882. His fight with the drake, 887 ff.
+
+Swerting (gen. Swertinges, 1204), Hygelac's grandfather, and Hreethel's
+father, 1204.
+
+Sweon (gen. Sweona, 2473, 2947, 3002), also Sweo-þeod, 2923. The dynasty of
+the Scylfings rules over them, 2382, 2925. Their realm is called Swiorice,
+2384, 2496.
+
+Þryetho, consort of the Angle king, Offa, 1932, 1950. Mother of Eomaer, 1961,
+notorious on account of her cruel, unfeminine character, 1932 ff. She is
+mentioned as the opposite to the mild, dignified Hygd, the queen of the
+Geatas.
+
+Waels (gen. Waelses, 898), father of Sigemund, 878, 898.
+
+Waeg-mundingas (gen. Waegmundinga, 2608, 2815). The Waegmundings are on one
+side, Wihstan and his son Wiglaf; on the other side, Ecgþeow and his son
+Beowulf (2608, 2815). See under Scylfingas.
+
+Wederas (gen. Wedera, 225, 423, 498, etc.), or Weder-geatas. See Geatas.
+
+Weland (gen. Welandes, 455), the maker of Beowulf's coat of mail, 455.
+
+Wendlas (gen. Wendla, 348): their chief is Wulfgar. See Wulfgar. The
+Wendlas are, according to Grundtvig and Bugge, the inhabitants of Vendill,
+the most northern part of Jutland, between Limfjord and the sea.
+
+Wealh-þeow (613, Wealh-þeo, 665, 1163), the consort of King Hroethgar, of the
+stock of the Helmings, 621. Her sons are Hreethric and Hroethmund, 1190; her
+daughter, Freawaru, 2023.
+
+Weoh-stan (gen. Weox-stanes, 2603, Weoh-stanes, 2863, Wih-stanes, 2753,
+2908, etc.), a Waegmunding (2608), father of Wiglaf, 2603. In what
+relationship to him Aelfhere, mentioned 2605, stands, is not
+clear.--Weohstan is the slayer of Eanmund (2612), in that, as it seems, he
+takes revenge for his murdered king, Heardred. See Eanmund.
+
+Wig-laf, Weohstan's son, 2603, etc., a Waegmunding, 2815, and so also a
+Scylfing, 2604; a kinsman of Aelfhere, 2605. For his relationship to
+Beowulf, see the genealogical table under Scylfingas.--He supports Beowulf
+in his fight with the drake, 2605 ff., 2662 ff. The hero gives him, before
+his death, his ring, his helm, and his coat of mail, 2810 ff.
+
+Won-red (gen. Wonredes, 2972), father of Wulf and Eofor, 2966, 2979.
+
+Wulf (dat. Wulfe, 2994), one of the Geatas, Wonred's son. He fights in the
+battle between the armies of Hygelac and Ongenþeow with Ongenþeow himself,
+and gives him a wound (2966), whereupon Ongenþeow, by a stroke of his
+sword, disables him, 2975. Eofor avenges his brother's fall by dealing
+Ongenþeow a mortal blow, 2978 ff.
+
+Wulf-gar, chief of the Wendlas, 348, lives at Hroethgar's court, and is his
+"ar and ombiht," 335.
+
+Wylfingas (dat. Wylfingum, 461). Ecgþeow has slain Heoetholaf, a warrior of
+this tribe, 460.
+
+Yrmen-laf, younger brother of Aeschere, 1325.
+
+
+ADDITIONAL.
+
+Eotenas (gen. pl. Eotena, 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. Eotenum, 1146), the
+subjects of Finn, the North Frisians: distinguished from eoton, _giant_.
+Vid eoton. Cf. Bugge, Beit., xii. 37; Earle, Beowulf in Prose, pp. 146,
+198.
+
+Hreethling, son of Hreethel, Hygelac: nom. sg. 1924; nom. pl., the subjects of
+Hygelac, the Geats, 2961.
+
+Scefing, the son (?) of Scef, or Sceaf, reputed father of Scyld, 4. See
+Note.
+
+
+
+ABBREVIATIONS.
+
+               B.: Bugge.
+              Br.: S.A. Brooke, Hist. of Early Eng. Lit.
+               C.: Cosijn.
+               E.: Earle, Deeds of Beowulf in Prose.
+               G.: Garnett, Translation of Beowulf
+              Gr.: Grein.
+               H.: Heyne.
+              Ha.: Hall, Translation of Beowulf.
+           H.-So.: Heyne-Socin, 5th ed.
+              Ho.: Holder.
+               K.: Kemble.
+              Kl.: Kluge.
+         Muellenh.: Muellenhoff.
+               R.: Rieger.
+               S.: Sievers.
+              Sw.: Sweet, Anglo-Saxon Reader, 6th ed.
+          Ten Br.: Ten Brink.
+              Th.: Thorpe.
+               Z.: Zupitza.
+
+                 PERIODICALS.
+
+             Ang.: Anglia.
+            Beit.: Paul und Branne's Beitraege.
+       Eng. Stud.: Englische Studien.
+            Germ.: Germania.
+ Haupts Zeitschr.: Haupts Zeitschrift, etc.
+ Mod. Lang. Notes: Modern Language Notes.
+          Tidskr.: Tidskrift for Philologi.
+Zachers Zeitschr.: Zachers Zeitschrift, etc.
+
+
+NOTES.
+
+l. 1. hwaet: for this interjectional formula opening a poem, cf. _Andreas,
+Daniel, Juliana, Exodus, Fata Apost., Dream of the Rood_, and the
+"Listenith lordinges!" of mediaeval lays.--E. Cf. Chaucer, Prologue, ed.
+Morris, l. 853:
+
+     "Sin I shal beginne the game,
+     _What_, welcome be the cut, a Goddes name!"
+
+we ... gefrunon is a variant on the usual epic formulae ic gefraegn (l. 74)
+and mine gefraege (l. 777). _Exodus, Daniel, Phoenix_, etc., open with the
+same formula.
+
+l. 1. "Gar was the javelin, armed with two of which the warrior went into
+battle, and which he threw over the 'shield-wall.' It was barbed."--Br.
+124. Cf. _Maldon_, l. 296; _Judith_, l. 224; _Gnom. Verses_, l. 22; etc.
+
+l. 4. "Scild of the Sheaf, not 'Scyld the son of Scaf'; for it is too
+inconsistent, even in myth, to give a patronymic to a foundling. According
+to the original form of the story, Sceaf was the foundling; he had come
+ashore with a sheaf of corn, and from that was named. This form of the
+story is preserved in Ethelwerd and in William of Malmesbury. But here the
+foundling is Scyld, and we must suppose he was picked up with the sheaf,
+and hence his cognomen."--E., p. 105. Cf. the accounts of Romulus and
+Remus, of Moses, of Cyrus, etc.
+
+l. 6. egsian is also used in an active sense (not in the Gloss.), = _to
+terrify_.
+
+l. 15. S. suggests þa (_which_) for þaet, as object of dreogan; and for
+aldor-lease, Gr. suggested aldor-ceare.--_Beit._ ix. 136.
+
+S. translates: "For God had seen the dire need which the rulerless ones
+before endured."
+
+l. 18. "Beowulf (that is, Beaw of the Anglo-Saxon genealogists, not our
+Beowulf, who was a Geat, not a Dane), 'the son of Scyld in Scedeland.' This
+is our ancestral myth,--the story of the first culture-hero of the North;
+'the patriarch,' as Rydberg calls him, 'of the royal families of Sweden,
+Denmark, Angeln, Saxland, and England.'"--Br., p. 78. Cf. _A.-S. Chron._
+an. 855.
+
+H.-So. omits parenthetic marks, and reads (after S., _Beit._ ix. 135)
+eaferan; cf. _Fata Apost._: lof wide sprang þeodnes þegna.
+
+"The name _Beowulf_ means literally 'Bee-wolf,' wolf or ravager of
+the bees, = bear. Cf. _beorn_, 'hero,' originally 'bear,' and
+_beohata_, 'warrior,' in Caedmon, literally 'bee-hater' or
+'persecutor,' and hence identical in meaning with _beowulf_."--Sw.
+
+Cf. "Arcite and Palamon,
+    That foughten _breme_, as it were bores two."
+         --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 841, ed. Morris.
+
+Cf. M. Mueller, _Science of Lang._, Sec. Series, pp. 217, 218; and Hunt's
+_Daniel_, 104.
+
+l. 19. Cf. l. 1866, where Scedenig is used, = _Scania_, in Sweden(?).
+
+l. 21. wine is pl.; cf. its apposition wil-gesiethas below. H.-So. compares
+_Heliand_, 1017, for language almost identical with ll. 20, 21.
+
+l. 22. on ylde: cf.
+    "_In elde_ is bothe wisdom and usage."
+       --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1590, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 26. Reflexive objects often pleonastically accompany verbs of motion;
+cf. ll. 234, 301, 1964, etc.
+
+l. 28. faroeth = _shore, strand, edge._ Add these to the meanings in the
+Gloss.
+
+l. 31. The object of ahte is probably geweald, to be supplied from wordum
+weold of l. 30.--H.-So.
+
+R., Kl., and B. all hold conflicting views of this passage: _Beit._ xii.
+80, ix. 188; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 382, etc. Kl. suggests laendagas for
+lange.
+
+l. 32. "hringed-stefna is sometimes translated 'with curved prow,' but it
+means, I think, that in the prow were fastened rings through which the
+cables were passed that tied it to the shore."--Br., p. 26. Cf. ll. 1132,
+1898. Hring-horni was the mythic ship of the Edda. See Toller-Bosworth for
+three different views; and cf. wunden-stefna (l. 220), hring-naca (l.
+1863).
+
+ll. 34-52. Cf. the burial of Haki on a funeral-pyre ship, _Inglinga Saga;_
+the burial of Balder, Sinfioetli, Arthur, etc.
+
+l. 35. "And this [their joy in the sea] is all the plainer from the number
+of names given to the ship-names which speak their pride and affection. It
+is the AEtheling's vessel, the Floater, the Wave-swimmer, the Ring-sterned,
+the Keel, the Well-bound wood, the Sea-wood, the Sea-ganger, the Sea-broad
+ship, the Wide-bosomed, the Prow-curved, the Wood of the curved neck, the
+Foam-throated floater that flew like a bird."--Br., p. 168.
+
+l. 49. "We know from Scandinavian graves ... that the illustrious dead were
+buried ... in ships, with their bows to sea-ward; that they were however
+not sent to sea, but were either burnt in that position, or mounded over
+with earth."--E. See Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, xix.
+
+l. 51. (1) sele-raedende (K., S., C.); (2) sele-raedenne (H.); (3)
+sele-raedende (H.-So.). Cf. l. 1347; and see Ha.
+
+l. 51. E. compares with this canto Tennyson's "Passing of Arthur" and the
+legendary burial-journey of St. James of Campostella, an. 800.
+
+l. 53. The poem proper begins with this, "There was once upon a time," the
+first 52 lines being a prelude. Eleven of the "fitts," or cantos, begin
+with the monosyllable þa, four with the verb gewitan, nine with the formula
+Hroethgar (Beowulf, Unfereth) maethelode, twenty-four with monosyllables in
+general (him, swa, se, hwaet, þa, heht, waes, maeg, cwom, straet).
+
+l. 58. gamel. "The ... characteristics of the poetry are the use of archaic
+forms and words, such as mec for me, the possessive sin, gamol, dogor, swat
+for eald, daeg, blod, etc., after they had become obsolete in the prose
+language, and the use of special compounds and phrases, such as hildenaedre
+(_war-adder_) for 'arrow,' gold-gifa (_gold-giver_) for 'king,' ...
+goldwine gumena (_goldfriend of men, distributor of gold to men_) for
+'king,'" etc.--Sw. Other poetic words are ides, ielde (_men_), etc.
+
+l. 60. H.-So. reads raeswa (referring to Heorogar alone), and places a point
+(with the Ms.) after Heorogar instead of after raeswa. Cf. l. 469; see B.,
+_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 193.
+
+l. 62. Elan here (OHG. _Elana, Ellena, Elena, Elina, Alyan_) is thought by
+B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 43) to be a remnant of the masc. name Onela, and he
+reads: [On-]elan ewen, Heaethoscilfingas(=es) healsgebedda.
+
+l. 68. For he, omitted here, cf. l. 300. Pronouns are occasionally thus
+omitted insubord. clauses.--Sw.
+
+l. 70. þone, here = þonne, _than_, and micel = mare? The passage, by a
+slight change, might be made to read, medo-aern micle ma gewyrcean,--þone =
+_by much larger than_,--in which þone (þonne) would come in naturally.
+
+l. 73. folc-scare. Add _folk-share_ to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+gueth-scearu.
+
+l. 74. ic wide gefraegn: an epic formula very frequent in poetry, = _men
+said._ Cf. _Judith_, ll. 7, 246; _Phoenix_, l. 1; and the parallel (noun)
+formula, mine gefraege, ll. 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ll. 78-83. "The hall was a rectangular, high-roofed, wooden building, its
+long sides facing north and south. The two gables, at either end, had
+stag-horns on their points, curving forwards, and these, as well as the
+ridge of the roof, were probably covered with shining metal, and glittered
+bravely in the sun."--Br., p. 32.
+
+l. 84. _Son-in-law and father-in-law;_ B., a so-called _dvanda_ compound.
+Cf. l. 1164, where a similar compound means _uncle and nephew;_ and
+Widsieth's suhtorfaedran, used of the same persons.
+
+l. 88. "The word dream conveys the buzz and hum of social happiness, and
+more particularly the sound of music and singing."--E. Cf. l. 3021; and
+_Judith_, l. 350; _Wanderer_, l. 79, etc.
+
+ll. 90-99. There is a suspicious similarity between this passage and the
+lines attributed by Bede to Caedmon:
+
+    Nu we sculan herian heofonrices Weard, etc.
+      --Sw., p. 47.
+
+ll. 90-98 are probably the interpolation of a Christian scribe.
+
+ll. 92-97. "The first of these Christian elements [in _Beowulf_] is the
+sense of a fairer, softer world than that in which the Northern warriors
+lived.... Another Christian passage (ll. 107, 1262) derives all the demons,
+eotens, elves, and dreadful sea-beasts from the race of Cain. The folly of
+sacrificing to the heathen gods is spoken of (l. 175).... The other point
+is the belief in immortality (ll. 1202, 1761)."--Br. 71.
+
+l. 100. Cf. l. 2211, where the third dragon of the poem is introduced in
+the same words. Beowulf is the forerunner of that other national
+dragon-slayer, St. George.
+
+l. 100. onginnan in _Beowulf_ is treated like verbs of motion and modal
+auxiliaries, and takes the object inf. without to; cf. ll. 872, 1606, 1984,
+244. Cf. _gan_ (= _did_) in Mid. Eng.: _gan_ espye (Chaucer, _Knightes
+Tale_, l. 254, ed. Morris).
+
+l. 101. B. and H.-So. read, feond on healle; cf. l. 142.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+ll. 101-151. "Grimm connects [Grendel] with the Anglo-Saxon grindel (_a
+bolt_ or _bar_).... It carries with it the notion of the bolts and bars of
+hell, and hence _a fiend._ ... Ettmueller was the first ... to connect the
+name with grindan, _to grind, to crush to pieces, to utterly destroy._
+Grendel is then _the tearer, the destroyer_."--Br., p. 83.
+
+l. 102. gaest = _stranger_ (Ha.); cf. ll. 1139, 1442, 2313, etc.
+
+l. 103. See Ha., p. 4.
+
+l. 106. "The perfect and pluperfect are often expressed, as in Modern
+English, by haefeth and haefde with the past participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 433,
+408, 940, 205 (p. p. inflected in the last two cases), etc.
+
+l. 106. S. destroys period here, reads in Caines, etc., and puts þone ...
+drihten in parenthesis.
+
+l. 108. þaes þe = _because_, especially after verbs of thanking (cf. ll.
+228, 627, 1780, 2798); _according as_ (l. 1351).
+
+l. 108. The def. article is omitted with Drihten (_Lord_) and Deofol
+(_devil_; cf. l. 2089), as it is, generally, sparingly employed in poetry;
+cf. to sae (l. 318), ofer sae (l. 2381), on lande (l. 2311), to raeste (l.
+1238), on wicge (l. 286), etc., etc.
+
+l. 119. weras (S., H.-So.); wera (K., Th.).--_Beit._ ix. 137.
+
+l. 120. unfaelo = _uncanny_ (R.).
+
+l. 131. E. translates, _majestic rage;_ adopting Gr.'s view that swyeth is =
+Icel. sviethi, _a burn_ or _burning_. Cf. l. 737.
+
+l. 142. B. supposes heal-þegnes to be corrupted from helþegnes; cf. l.
+101.--_Beit._ xii. 80. See Guethlac, l. 1042.
+
+l. 144. See Ha., p. 6, for S.'s rearrangement.
+
+l. 146. S. destroys period after selest, puts waes ... micel in parenthesis,
+and inserts a colon after tid.
+
+l. 149. B. reads sarcwidum for syethethan.
+
+l. 154. B. takes sibbe for accus. obj. of wolde, and places a comma after
+Deniga.--_Beit._ xii. 82.
+
+l. 159. R. suggests ac se for atol.
+
+l. 168. H.-So. plausibly conjectures this parenthesis to be a late
+insertion, as, at ll. 180-181, the Danes also are said to be heathen.
+Another commentator considers the throne under a "spell of enchantment,"
+and therefore it could not be touched.
+
+l. 169. ne ... wisse: _nor had he desire to do so_ (W.). See Ha., p. 7, for
+other suggestions.
+
+l. 169. myne wisse occurs in _Wanderer_, l. 27.
+
+l. 174. The gerundial inf. with to expresses purpose, defines a noun or
+adjective, or, with the verb be, expresses duty or necessity passively; cf.
+ll. 257, 473, 1004, 1420, 1806, etc. Cf. to + inf. at ll. 316, 2557.
+
+ll. 175-188. E. regards this passage as dating the time and place of the
+poem relatively to the times of heathenism. Cf. the opening lines, _In days
+of yore_, etc., as if the story, even then, were very old.
+
+l. 177. gast-bona is regarded by Ettmueller and G. Stephens (_Thunor_, p.
+54) as an epithet of Thor (= _giant-killer_), a kenning for Thunor or Thor,
+meaning both _man_ and _monster_.--E.
+
+l. 189. Cf. l. 1993, where similar language is used. H.-So. takes both
+mod-ceare and mael-ceare as accus., others as instr.
+
+ll. 190, 1994. seaeth: for this use of seoethan cf. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._, ed.
+Miller, p. 128, where p. p. soden is thus used.
+
+l. 194. fram ham = _in his home_ (S., H.-So.); but fram ham may be for fram
+him (_from them_, i.e. _his people_, or _from Hrothgar's_). Cf. Ha., p. 8.
+
+l. 197. Cf. ll. 791, 807, for this fixed phrase.
+
+l. 200. See _Andreas, Elene_, and _Juliana_ for swan-rad (_= sea_). "The
+swan is said to breed wild now no further away than the North of Sweden."
+--E. Cf. ganotes baeeth, l. 1862.
+
+l. 203. Concessive clauses with þeah, þeah þe, þeah ... eal, vary with
+subj. and ind., according as fact or contingency is dominant in the mind;
+cf. ll. 526, 1168, 2032, etc. (subj.), 1103, 1614 (ind.). Cf. gif, nefne.
+
+l. 204. hael, an OE. word found in Wuelker's Glossaries in various forms, =
+_augury, omen, divination_, etc. Cf. haelsere, _augur_; hael, _omen;_
+haelsung, _augurium_, haelsian, etc. Cf. Tac., _Germania_, 10.
+
+l. 207. C. adds "= _impetrare_" to the other meanings of findan given in
+the Gloss.
+
+l. 217. Cf. l. 1910; and _Andreas_, l. 993.--E. E. compares Byron's
+
+    "And fast and falcon-like the vessel flew,"
+       --_Corsair_, i.17.
+
+and Scott's
+
+    "Merrily, merrily bounds the bark."
+      --_Lord of the Isles_, iv. 7.
+
+l. 218. Cf.
+    "The fomy stedes on the golden brydel
+    Gnawinge."
+      --Chaucer, _Knightes Tale_, l. 1648, ed. Morris.
+
+l. 219. Does an-tid mean _hour_ (Th.), or _corresponding hour_ = and-tid
+(H.-So.), or _in due time_ (E.), or _after a time_, when oþres, etc., would
+be adv. gen.? See C., _Beit._ viii. 568.
+
+l. 224. eoletes may = (1) _voyage_; (2) _toil, labor_; (3) _hurried
+journey;_ but _sea_ or _fjord_ appears preferable.
+
+ll. 229-257. "The scenery ... is laid on the coast of the North Sea and the
+Kattegat, the first act of the poem among the Danes in Seeland, the second
+among the Geats in South Sweden."--Br., p. 15.
+
+l. 239. "A shoal of simple terms express in _Beowulf_ the earliest
+sea-thoughts of the English.... The simplest term is Sae.... To this they
+added Waeter, Flod, Stream, Lagu, Mere, Holm, Grund, Heathu, Sund, Brim,
+Garsecg, Eagor, Geofon, Fifel, Hron-rad, Swan-rad, Segl-rad,
+Ganotes-baeeth."--Br., p. 163-166.
+
+l. 239. "The infinitive is often used in poetry after a verb of motion
+where we should use the present participle."--Sw. Cf. ll. 711, 721, 1163
+1803, 268, etc. Cf. German _spazieren fahren reiten_, etc., and similar
+constructions in French, etc.
+
+l. 240, W. reads hringed-stefnan for helmas baeron. B. inserts (?) after
+holmas and begins a new line at the middle of the verse. S. omits B.'s "on
+the wall."
+
+l. 245. Double and triple negatives strengthen each other and do not
+produce an affirmative in A.-S. or M. E. The neg. is often prefixed to
+several emphatic words in the sentence, and readily contracts with vowels,
+and h or w; cf. ll. 863, 182, 2125, 1509, 575, 583, 3016, etc.
+
+l. 249. seld-guma = _man-at-arms in another's house_ (Wood); = _low-ranking
+fellow_ (Ha.); stubenhocker, _stay-at-home_ (Gr.), Scott's "carpet knight,"
+_Marmion_, i. 5.
+
+l. 250. naefne (nefne, nemne) usually takes the subj., = _unless_; cf. ll.
+1057, 3055, 1553. For ind., = _except_, see l. 1354. Cf. butan, gif, þeah.
+
+l. 250. For a remarkable account of armor and weapons in _Beowulf_, see S.
+A. Brooke, _Hist. of Early Eng. Lit_. For general "Old Teutonic Life in
+Beowulf," see J. A. Harrison, _Overland Monthly_.
+
+l. 252. aer as a conj. generally has subj., as here; cf. ll. 264, 677, 2819,
+732. For ind., cf. l. 2020.
+
+l. 253. leas = _loose_, _roving_. Ettmueller corrected to lease.
+
+l. 256. This proverb (ofest, etc.) occurs in _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 293.
+
+l. 258. An "elder" may be a very young man; hence yldesta, = _eminent_, may
+be used of Beowulf. Cf. _Laws of AElfred_, C. 17: Na þaet aelc eald sy, ac þaet
+he eald sy on wisdome.
+
+l. 273. Verbs of hearing and seeing are often followed by acc. with inf.;
+cf. ll. 229, 1024, 729, 1517, etc. Cf. German construction with _sehen,
+horen_, etc., French construction with _voir, entendre_, etc., and the
+classical constructions.
+
+l. 275. daed-hata = _instigator_. Kl. reads daed-hwata.
+
+l. 280. ed-wendan, n. (B.; cf. 1775), = edwenden, limited by bisigu. So ten
+Br. = _Tidskr_. viii. 291.
+
+l. 287. "Each is denoted ... also by the strengthened forms 'aeghwaeether
+('aegether), eghwaeether, etc. This prefixed 'ae, oe corresponds to the Goth,
+_aiw_, OHG. _eo_, _io_, and is umlauted from a, o by the i of the gi which
+originally followed."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 190.
+
+l. 292. "All through the middle ages suits of armour are called
+'weeds.'"--E.
+
+l. 303. "An English warrior went into battle with a boar-crested helmet,
+and a round linden shield, with a byrnie of ringmail ... with two javelins
+or a single ashen spear some eight or ten feet long, with a long two-edged
+sword naked or held in an ornamental scabbard.... In his belt was a short,
+heavy, one-edged sword, or rather a long knife, called the seax ... used
+for close quarters."--Br., p. 121.
+
+l. 303. For other references to the boar-crest, cf. ll. 1112, 1287, 1454;
+Grimm, _Myth._ 195; Tacitus, _Germania_, 45. "It was the symbol of their
+[the Baltic AEstii's] goddess, and they had great faith in it as a
+preservative from hard knocks."--E. See the print in the illus. ed. of
+Green's _Short History_, Harper & Bros.
+
+l. 303. "See Kemble, _Saxons in England_, chapter on heathendom, and
+Grimm's _Teutonic Mythology_, chapter on Freyr, for the connection these
+and other writers establish between the Boar-sign and the golden boar which
+Freyr rode, and his worship."--Br., p. 128. Cf. _Elene_, l. 50.
+
+l. 304. Gering proposes hleor-bergan = _cheek-protectors_; cf. _Beit._ xii.
+26. "A bronze disk found at Oeland in Sweden represents two warriors in
+helmets with boars as their crests, and cheek-guards under; these are the
+hleor-bergan."--E. Cf. hauberk, with its diminutive habergeon, < A.-S.
+heals, _neck_ + beorgan, _to cover_ or _protect_; and harbor, < A.-S. here,
+_army_ + beorgan, id.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ xii. 123. Cf. cinberge, Hunt's
+_Exod._ l. 175.
+
+l. 305. For ferh wearde and guethmode grummon, B. and ten Br. read
+ferh-wearde (l. 305) and guethmodgum men (l. 306), = _the boar-images ...
+guarded the lives of the warlike men_.
+
+l. 311. leoma: cf. Chaucer, _Nonne Preestes Tale_, l. 110, ed. Morris:
+
+    "To dremen in here dremes
+    Of armes, and of fyr with rede _lemes_."
+
+l. 318. On the double gender of sae, cf. Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 147; and
+note the omitted article at ll. 2381, 318, 544, with the peculiar tmesis of
+_between_ at ll. 859, 1298, 1686, 1957. So _Caedmon_, l. 163 (Thorpe),
+_Exod._ l. 562 (Hunt), etc.
+
+l. 320. Cf. l. 924; and _Andreas_, l. 987, where almost the same words
+occur. "Here we have manifestly before our eye one of those ancient
+causeways, which are among the oldest visible institutions of
+civilization." --E.
+
+l. 322. S. inserts comma after scir, and makes hring-iren (= _ring-mail_)
+parallel with gueth-byrne.
+
+l. 325. Cf. l. 397. "The deposit of weapons outside before entering a house
+was the rule at all periods.... In provincial Swedish almost everywhere a
+church porch is called vakenhus,... i.e. _weapon-house_, because the
+worshippers deposited their arms there before they entered the house."--E.,
+after G. Stephens.
+
+l. 333. Cf. Dryden's "mingled metal _damask'd_ o'er with gold."--E.
+
+l. 336. "ael-, el-, kindred with Goth. _aljis_, other, e.g. in aelþeodig,
+elþeodig, foreign."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 47.
+
+l. 336. Cf. l. 673 for the functions of an ombiht-þegn.
+
+l. 343. Cf. l. 1714 for the same beod-geneatas,--"the predecessor title to
+that of the Knights of the Table Round."--E. Cf. _Andreas_ (K.), l. 2177.
+
+l. 344. The future is sometimes expressed by willan + inf., generally with
+some idea of volition involved; cf. ll. 351, 427, etc. Cf. the use of
+willan as principal vb. (with omitted inf.) at ll. 318, 1372, 543, 1056;
+and sculan, ll. 1784, 2817.
+
+l. 353. sieth here, and at l. 501, probably means _arrival_. E. translates
+the former by _visit_, the latter by _adventure_.
+
+l. 357. unhar = _hairless, bald_ (Gr., etc.).
+
+l. 358. eode is only one of four or five preterits of gan (gongan, gangan,
+gengan), viz. geong (giong: ll. 926, 2410, etc.), gang (l. 1296, etc.),
+gengde (ll. 1402, 1413). Sievers, p. 217, apparently remarks that eode is
+"probably used only in prose." (?!). Cf. geng, _Gen._ ll. 626, 834; _Exod._
+(Hunt) l. 102.
+
+l. 367. The MS. and H.-So. read with Gr. and B. glaedman Hroethgar, abandoning
+Thorkelin's glaednian. There is a glass. hilaris glaedman.--_Beit._ xii. 84;
+same as glaed.
+
+l. 369. dugan is a "preterit-present" verb, with new wk. preterit, like
+sculan, durran, magan, etc. For various inflections, see ll. 573, 590,
+1822, 526. Cf. _do_ in "that will _do_"; _doughty_, etc.
+
+l. 372. Cf. l. 535 for a similar use; and l. 1220. Bede, _Eccles. Hist._,
+ed. Miller, uses the same expression several times. "Here, and in all other
+places where cniht occurs in this poem, it seems to carry that technical
+sense which it bore in the military hierarchy [of a noble youth placed out
+and learning the elements of the art of war in the service of a qualified
+warrior, to whom he is, in a military sense, a servant], before it bloomed
+out in the full sense of _knight_."--E.
+
+l. 373. E. remarks of the hyphened eald-faeder, "hyphens are risky toys to
+play with in fixing texts of pre-hyphenial antiquity"; eald-faeder could
+only = _grandfather_. eald here can only mean _honored_, and the hyphen is
+unnecessary. Cf. "old fellow," "my old man," etc.; and Ger. _alt-vater_.
+
+l. 378. Th. and B. propose Geatum, as presents from the Danish to the
+Geatish king.--_Beit._ xii.
+
+l. 380. haebbe. The subj. is used in indirect narration and question, wish
+and command, purpose, result, and hypothetical comparison with swelce = _as
+if_.
+
+ll. 386, 387. Ten Br. emends to read: "Hurry, bid the kinsman-throng go
+into the hall together."
+
+l. 387. sibbe-gedriht, for Beowulf's friends, occurs also at l. 730. It is
+subject-acc. to seon. Cf. ll. 347, 365, and Hunt's _Exod_. l. 214.
+
+l. 404. "Here, as in the later Icelandic halls, Beowulf saw Hrothgar
+enthroned on a high seat at the east end of the hall. The seat is sacred.
+It has a supernatural quality. Grendel, the fiend, cannot approach
+it."--Br., p. 34. Cf. l. 168.
+
+l. 405. "At Benty Grange, in Derbyshire, an Anglo-Saxon barrow, opened in
+1848, contained a coat of mail. 'The iron chain work consists of a large
+number of links of two kinds attached to each other by small rings half an
+inch in diameter; one kind flat and lozenge-shaped ... the others all of
+one kind, but of different lengths.'"--Br., p. 126.
+
+l. 407. Wes ... hal: this ancient Teutonic greeting afterwards grew into
+wassail. Cf. Skeat's _Luke_, i. 28; _Andreas_ (K.), 1827; Layamon, l.
+14309, etc.
+
+l. 414. "The distinction between wesan and weorethan [in passive relations]
+is not very clearly defined, but wesan appears to indicate a state, weorethan
+generally an action."--Sw. Cf. Mod. German _werden_ and _sein_ in similar
+relations.
+
+l. 414. Gr. translates hador by _receptaculum_; cf. Gering, _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ xii. 124. Toller-Bosw. ignores Gr.'s suggestion.
+
+ll. 420, 421. B. reads: þaer ic (_on_) fifelgeban (= _ocean_) yethde eotena
+cyn. Ten Br. reads: þaer ic fifelgeban yethde, eotena ham. Ha. suggests
+fifelgeband = _monster-band_, without further changes.
+
+l. 420. R. reads þaera = _of them_, for þaer.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 399;
+_Beit._ xii. 367.
+
+l. 420. "niht has a gen., nihtes, used for the most part only adverbially,
+and almost certainly to be regarded as masculine."--Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 158.
+
+l. 425. Cf. also ll. 435, 635, 2345, for other examples of Beowulf's
+determination to fight single-handed.
+
+l. 441. þe hine = _whom_, as at l. 1292, etc. The indeclinable þe is often
+thus combined with personal pronouns, = relative, and is sometimes
+separated from them by a considerable interval.--Sw.
+
+l. 443. The MS. has Geotena. B. and Fahlbeck, says H.-So., do not consider
+the Geatas, but the Jutes, as the inhabitants of Swedish West-Gothland.
+Alfred translates Juti by Geatas, but _Jutland_ by _Gotland_. In the laws
+they are called Guti.--_Beit._ xii. 1, etc.
+
+l. 444. B., Gr., and Ha. make unforhte an adv. = _fearlessly_, modifying
+etan. Kl. reads anforhte = _timid_.
+
+l. 446. Cf. l. 2910. Th. translates: _thou wilt not need my head to hide_
+(i.e. _bury_). Simrock supposes a dead-watch or lyke-wake to be meant.
+Wood, _thou wilt not have to bury so much as my head!_ H.-So. supposes
+heafod-weard, _a guard of honor_, such as sovereigns or presumptive rulers
+had, to be meant by hafalan hydan; hence, _you need not give me any guard_,
+etc. Cf. Schmid, _Gesetze der A._, 370-372.
+
+l. 447. S. places a colon after nimeeth.
+
+l. 451. H.-So., Ha., and B. (_Beit._ xii. 87) agree essentially in
+translating feorme, _food_. R. translates _consumption of my corpse.
+Maintenance, support_, seems preferable to either.
+
+l. 452. Roenning (after Grimm) personifies Hild.--_Beovulfs Kvadet_, l. 59.
+Hildr is the name of one of the Scandinavian Walkyries, or battle-maidens,
+who transport the spirits of the slain to Walhalla. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l.
+18, etc.
+
+l. 455. "The war-smiths, especially as forgers of the sword, were garmented
+with legend, and made into divine personages. Of these Weland is the type,
+husband of a swan maiden, and afterwards almost a god."-- Br., p. 120. Cf.
+A. J. C. Hare's account of "Wayland Smith's sword with which Henry II. was
+knighted," and which hung in Westminster Abbey to a late date.--_Walks in
+London_, ii. 228.
+
+l. 455. This is the aelces mannes wyrd of Boethius (Sw., p. 44) and the wyrd
+bieth swiethost of Gnomic Verses, 5. There are about a dozen references to it
+in _Beowulf_.
+
+l. 455. E. compares the fatalism of this concluding hemistich with the
+Christian tone of l. 685 _seq._
+
+ll. 457, 458. B. reads waere-ryhtum ( = _from the obligations of
+clientage_).
+
+l. 480. Cf. l. 1231, where the same sense, "flown with wine," occurs.
+
+l. 488. "The dugueth, the mature and ripe warriors, the aristocracy of the
+nation, are the support of the throne."--E. The M. E. form of the word,
+_douth_, occurs often. Associated with geogoeth, ll. 160 and 622.
+
+l. 489. Kl. omits comma after meoto and reads (with B.) sige-hreeth-secgum, =
+_disclose thy thought to the victor-heroes_. Others, as Koerner, convert
+meoto into an imperative and divide on sael = _think upon happiness_. But
+cf. onband beadu-rune, l. 501. B. supposes onsael meoto =_speak courteous
+words_. _Tidskr_. viii. 292; _Haupts Zeitschr._ xi. 411; _Eng. Stud_. ii.
+251.
+
+l. 489. Cf. the invitation at l. 1783.
+
+l. 494. Cf. Grimm's _Andreas_, l. 1097, for deal, =_proud, elated,
+exulting; Phoenix_ (Bright), l. 266.
+
+l. 499. MS. has Hunfereth, but the alliteration requires Unfereth, as at ll.
+499, 1166, 1489; and cf. ll. 1542, 2095, 2930. See _List of Names_.
+
+l. 501. sieth = _arrival_ (?); cf. l. 353.
+
+l. 504. þon ma = _the more_ (?), may be added to the references under þon.
+
+l. 506. E. compares the taunt of Eliab to David, I Sam. xvii. 28.
+
+l. 509. dol-gilp = _idle boasting_. The second definition in the Gloss. is
+wrong.
+
+l. 513. "Eagor-stream might possibly be translated the stream of Eagor, the
+awful terror-striking stormy sea in which the terrible [Scandinavian] giant
+dwelt, and through which he acted."--Br., p. 164. He remarks, "The English
+term _eagre_ still survives in provincial dialect for the tide-wave or bore
+on rivers. Dryden uses it in his _Threnod. Angust._ 'But like an _eagre_
+rode in triumph o'er the tide.' Yet we must be cautious," etc. Cf. Fox's
+_Boethius_, ll. 20, 236; Thorpe's _Caedmon_, 69, etc.
+
+l. 524. Krueger and B. read Banstanes.--_Beit._ ix. 573.
+
+l. 525. R. reads wyrsan (= wyrses: cf. Mod. Gr. _guten Muthes_) geþinges;
+but H.-So. shows that the MS. wyrsan ... þingea = wyrsena þinga, _can
+stand_; cf. gen. pl. banan, _Christ_, l. 66, etc.
+
+l. 534. Insert, under eard-lufa (in Gloss.), earfoeth, st. n., _trouble,
+difficulty, struggle_; acc. pl. earfeetho, 534.
+
+l. 545 _seq._ "Five nights Beowulf and Breca kept together, not swimming,
+but sailing in open boats (to swim the seas is to sail the seas), then
+storm drove them asunder ... Breca is afterwards chief of the Brondings, a
+tribe mentioned in _Widsith_. The story seems legendary, not
+mythical."--Br., pp. 60, 61.
+
+ll. 574-578. B. suggests swa þaer for hwaeethere, = _so there it befell me_.
+But the word at l. 574 seems = _however_, and at l. 578 = _yet_; cf. l.
+891; see S.; _Beit._ ix. 138; _Tidskr_. viii. 48; _Zacher_, iii. 387, etc.
+
+l. 586. Gr. and Grundt. read fagum sweordum (no ic þaes fela gylpe!),
+supplying fela and blending the broken half-lines into one. Ho. and Kl.
+supply geflites.
+
+l. 599. E. translates nyd-bade by _blackmail_; adding "ned bad, _toll_; ned
+badere, _tolltaker_."--Land Charters, Gloss, v.
+
+l. 601. MS. has ond = _and_ in three places only (601, 1149, 2041);
+elsewhere it uses the symbol 7 = _and_.
+
+l. 612. _seq._ Cf. the drinking ceremony at l. 1025. "The royal lady offers
+the cup to Beowulf, not in his turn where he sate among the rest, but after
+it has gone the round; her approach to Beowulf is an act apart."--E.
+
+l. 620. "The [loving] cup which went the round of the company and was
+tasted by all," like the Oriel and other college anniversary cups.--E.
+
+l. 622. Cf. ll. 160, 1191, for the respective places of young and old.
+
+l. 623. Cf. the circlet of gold worn by Wealhþeow at l. 1164.
+
+l. 631. gyddode. Cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ l. 237 (ed. Morris):
+
+    "Of _yeddynges_ he bar utterly the prys."
+
+Cf. _giddy_.
+
+l. 648. Kl. suggests a period after geþinged, especially as B. (_Tidskr_.
+viii. 57) has shown that oþþe is sometimes = ond. Th. supplies ne.
+
+l. 650. oþþe here and at ll. 2476, 3007, probably = _and_.
+
+l. 651. Cf. 704, where sceadu-genga (the _night-ganger_ of _Leechdoms_, ii.
+344) is applied to the demon.--E.
+
+l. 659. Cf. l. 2431 for same formula, "to have and to hold" of the Marriage
+Service.--E.
+
+l. 681. B. considers þeah ... eal a precursor of Mod. Eng. _although_.
+
+l. 682. godra = _advantages in battle_ (Gr.), _battle-skill_ (Ha.), _skill
+in war_ (H.-So.). Might not nat be changed to nah = ne + ah (cf. l. 2253),
+thus justifying the translation _ability_ (?) --_he has not the ability
+to_, etc.
+
+l. 695. Kl. reads hiera.--_Beit._ ix. 189. B. omits hie as occurring in the
+previous hemistich.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 698. "Here Destiny is a web of cloth."--E., who compares the Greek
+Clotho, "spinster of fate." Women are also called "weavers of peace," as l.
+1943. Cf. Kent's _Elene_, l. 88; _Widsieth_, l. 6, etc.
+
+l. 711. B. translates þa by _when_ and connects with the preceding
+sentences, thus rejecting the ordinary canto-division at l. 711. He objects
+to the use of com as principal vb. at ll. 703, 711, and 721. (_Beit_, xii.)
+
+l. 711. "Perhaps the Gnomic verse which tells of Thyrs, the giant, is
+written with Grendel in the writer's mind,--þyrs sceal on fenne gewunian
+ana inuan lande, _the giant shall dwell in the fen, alone in the land_
+(Sweet's Read., p. 187)."--Br. p. 36.
+
+l. 717. Dietrich, in _Haupt._ xi. 419, quotes from AElfric, _Hom._ ii. 498:
+he beworhte þa bigelsas mid gyldenum laefrum, _he covered the arches with
+gold-leaf_,--a Roman custom derived from Carthage. Cf. Mod. Eng. _oriel_ =
+_aureolum_, a gilded room.--E. (quoting Skeat). Cf. ll. 2257, 1097, 2247,
+2103, 2702, 2283, 333, 1751, for various uses of gold-sheets.
+
+l. 720. B. and ten Br. suggest _hell-thane_ (Grendel) for heal-þegnas, and
+make haele refer to Beowulf. Cf. l. 142.
+
+l. 723. Z. reads [ge]hran.
+
+l. 727. For this use of standan, cf. ll. 2314, 2770; and Vergil, _Ecl._ ii. 26:
+
+    "Cum placidum ventis _staret_ mare."
+
+l. 757. gedraeg. _Tumult_ is one of the meanings of this word. Here, appar.
+= _occupation, lair_.
+
+l. 759. R. reads modega for goda, "because the attribute cannot be
+separated from the word modified unless the two alliterate."
+
+l. 762. Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1537, for a similar use of ut = _off_.--E.
+
+l. 769. The foreign words in _Beowulf_ (as ceaster-here) are not numerous;
+others are (aside from proper names like _Cain, Abel_, etc.) deofol
+(diabolus), candel (l. 1573), ancor (l. 303), scrifan (for- ge-), segn (l.
+47), gigant (l. 113), mil- (l. 1363), straet (l. 320), ombeht (l. 287), gim
+(l. 2073), etc.
+
+l. 770. MS. reads cerwen, a word conceived by B. and others to be part of a
+fem. compd.: -scerwen like -wenden in ed-wenden, -raeden, etc. (cf.
+meodu-scerpen in _Andreas_, l. 1528); emended to -scerwen, _a great scare
+under the figure of a mishap at a drinking-bout_; one might compare
+bescerwan, _to deprive_, from bescyrian (Grein, i. 93), hence ealu-seerwen
+would = _a sudden taking away, deprivation, of the beer_.--H.-So., p. 93.
+See B., _Tidskr_. viii. 292.
+
+l. 771. Ten Br. reads reethe, renhearde, = _raging, exceeding bold_.
+
+l. 792. Instrumental adverbial phrases like aenige þinga, naenige þinga (_not
+at all_), huru þinga (_especially_) are not infrequent. See Cook's Sievers'
+Gram., p. 178; March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 182.
+
+l. 811. myrethe. E. translates _in wanton mood_. Toller-Bosw. does not
+recognize _sorrow_ as one of the meanings of this word.
+
+ll. 850, 851. S. reads deop for deog and erases semicolon after weol, =
+_the death-stained deep welled with sword-gore_; cf. l. 1424. B. reads
+deaeth-faeges deop, etc., = _the deep welled with the doomed one's
+gore_.--_Beit._ xii. 89.
+
+l. 857. The meaning of blaneum is partly explained by fealwe mearas below,
+l. 866. Cf. Layamon's "and leop on his _blancke" = steed_, l. 23900; Kent's
+_Elene_, l. 1185.
+
+l. 859. Koerner, _Eng. Stud_. i. 482, regards the oft-recurring be saem
+tweonum as a mere formula = _on earth_; cf. ll. 1298, 1686. tweone is part
+of the separable prep. _between_; see be-. Cf. Baskerville's _Andreas_, l.
+558.
+
+l. 865. Cf. _Voyage of Ohthere and Wulfstan_ for an account of funeral
+horse-racing, Sweet's Read., p. 22.
+
+l. 868. See Ha., p. 31, for a variant translation.
+
+l. 871 _seq._ R. considers this a technical description of improvised
+alliterative verse, suggested by and wrought out on the spur of the moment.
+
+l. 872. R. and B. propose secg[an], = _rehearse_, for secg, which suits the
+verbs in the next two lines.
+
+ll. 878-98. "It pleases me to think that it is in English literature we
+possess the first sketch of that mighty saga [the Volsunga Saga = Waelsinges
+gewin] which has for so many centuries engaged all the arts, and at last in
+the hands of Wagner the art of music."--Br., p. 63. Cf. _Nibelung. Lied_,
+l. 739.
+
+l. 894. Intransitive verbs, as gan, weorethan, sometimes take habban, "to
+indicate independent action."--Sw. Cf. hafaeth ... geworden, l. 2027.
+
+l. 895. "brucan (_enjoy_) always has the genitive."--Sw.; cf. l. 895; acc.,
+gen., instr., dat., according to March, _A.-S. Gram._, p. 151.
+
+l. 898. Scherer proposes hate, = _from heat_, instr. of hat, _heat_; cf. l.
+2606.
+
+l. 901. he þaes aron þah = _he throve in honor_ (B.). Ten Br. inserts comma
+after þah, making siethethan introduce a depend. clause.--_Beit._ viii. 568.
+Cf. weoreth-myndum þah, l. 8; ll. 1155, 1243.--H.-So.
+
+l. 902. Heremodes is considered by Heinzel to be a mere epithet = _the
+valiant_; which would refer the whole passage to Sigmund (Sigfrid), the
+eotenas, l. 903, being the Nibelungen. This, says H.-So., gets rid of the
+contradiction between the good "Heremod" here and the bad one, l. 1710
+_seq._--B. however holds fast to Heremod.--_Beit._ xii. 41. on feonda
+geweald, l. 904,--_into the hands of devils_, says B.; cf. ll. 809, 1721,
+2267; _Christ_, l. 1416; _Andreas_, l. 1621; for hine fyren onwod, cf.
+_Gen._ l. 2579; Hunt's _Dan._ 17: hie wlenco anwod.
+
+l. 902 _seq._ "Heremod's shame is contrasted with the glory of Sigemund,
+and with the prudence, patience, generosity, and gentleness of Beowulf as a
+chieftain."--Br., p. 66.
+
+l. 906. MS. has lemede. Toller-Bosw. corrects to lemedon.
+
+l. 917. Cf. Hunt's _Exod._, l. 170, for similar language.
+
+l. 925. hos, G. hansa, _company_, "the word from which the mercantile
+association of the 'Hanseatic' towns took their designation."--E.
+
+l. 927. on staþole = _on the floor_ (B., Rask, ten Br.).--_Beit._ xii. 90.
+
+l. 927. May not steapne here = _bright_, from its being immediately
+followed by golde fahne? Cf. Chaucer's "his eyen _stepe_," _Prol._ l. 201
+(ed. Morris); Cockayne's _Ste. Marherete_, pp. 9, 108; _St. Kath._, l.
+1647.
+
+l. 931. grynna may be for gyrnna (= _sorrows_), gen. plu. of gyrn, as
+suggested by one commentator.
+
+l. 937. B. (_Beit._ xii. 90) makes gehwylcne object of wid-scofen (haefde).
+Gr. makes wea nom. absolute.
+
+l. 940. scuccum: cf. G. scheuche, scheusal; Prov. Eng. _old-shock_; perhaps
+the pop. interjection _O shucks!_ (!)
+
+l. 959. H. explains we as a "plur. of majesty," which Beowulf throws off at
+l. 964.
+
+l. 963. feond þone fraetgan (B. _Beit._ xii. 90).
+
+l. 976. synnum. "Most abstract words in the poetry have a very wide range
+of meanings, diverging widely from the prose usage, synn, for instance,
+means simply _injury, mischief, hatred_, and the prose meaning _sin_ is
+only a secondary one; hata in poetry is not only _hater_, but _persecutor,
+enemy_, just as nieth is both _hatred_ and _violence, strength_; heard is
+_sharp_ as well as _hard_."--Sw.
+
+l. 986. S. places waes at end of l. 985 and reads stiethra naegla, omitting
+gehwylc and the commas after that and after sceawedon. _Beit._ ix. 138;
+stedra (H.-So.); hand-sporu (H.-So.) at l. 987.
+
+l. 986. Miller (_Anglia_, xii. 3) corrects to aeghwylene, in apposition to
+fingras.
+
+l. 987. hand-sporu. See _Anglia_, vii. 176, for a discussion of the
+intrusion of u into the nom. of n-stems.
+
+l. 988. Cf. ll. 2121, 2414, for similar use of unheoru = ungeheuer.
+
+l. 992. B. suggests heatimbred for haten, and gefraetwon for -od; Kl.,
+hroden (_Beit._ ix. 189).
+
+l. 995, 996. Gold-embroidered tapestries seem to be meant by web =
+_aurifrisium_.
+
+l. 997. After þara þe = _of those that_, the depend, vb. often takes sg.
+for pl.; cf. ll. 844, 1462, 2384, 2736.--Sw.; Dietrich.
+
+l. 998. "Metathesis of l takes place in seld for setl, bold for botl,"
+etc.--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 96. Cf. Eng. proper names, _Bootle,
+Battle_field, etc.--Skeat, _Principles_, i. 250.
+
+l. 1000. heorras: cf. Chaucer, _Prol._ (ed. Morris) l. 550:
+
+    "Ther was no dore that he nolde heve of _harre_."
+
+ll. 1005-1007. See _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 391, and _Beit._ xii. 368, for
+R.'s and B.'s views of this difficult passage.
+
+l. 1009. Cf. l. 1612 for sael and mael, surviving still in E. Anglia in "mind
+your _seals and meals_," = _times and occasions_, i.e. have your wits about
+you.--E.
+
+ll. 1012, 1013. Cf. ll. 753, 754 for two similar comparatives used in
+conjunction.
+
+l. 1014. Cf. l. 327 for similar language.
+
+ll. 1015, 1016. H.-So. puts these two lines in parentheses (fylle ...
+þara). Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 91.
+
+l. 1024. One of the many famous swords spoken of in the poem. See Hrunting,
+ll. 1458, 1660; Hunlafing, l. 1144, etc. Cf. Excalibur, Roland's sword, the
+Nibelung Balmung, etc.
+
+l. 1034. scur-heard. For an ingenious explanation of this disputed word see
+Professor Pearce's article in _Mod. Lang. Notes_, Nov. 1, 1892, and ensuing
+discussion.
+
+l. 1039. eoderas is of doubtful meaning. H. and Toller-Bosw. regard the
+word here = _enclosure, palings of the court_. Cf. _Caedmon_, ll. 2439,
+2481. The passage throws interesting light on horses and their trappings
+
+l. 1043. Grundt. emends wig to wicg, = _charger_; and E. quotes Tacitus,
+_Germania_, 7.
+
+l. 1044. "Power over each and both"; cf. "all and some," "one and all."
+
+For Ingwin, see _List of Names_.
+
+l. 1065. Gr. contends that fore here = de, _concerning, about_ (Ebert's
+_Jahrb._, 1862, p. 269).
+
+l. 1069. H.-So. supplies fram after eaferum, to govern it, = _concerning_
+(?). Cf. _Fight at Finnsburg_, Appendix.
+
+l. 1070. For the numerous names of the Danes, "bright-" "spear-" "east-"
+"west-" "ring-" Danes, see these words.
+
+l. 1073. Eotenas = _Finn's people, the Frisians_; cf. ll. 1089, 1142, 1146,
+etc., and _Beit._ xii. 37. Why they are so called is not known.
+
+l. 1084. R. proposes wiht Hengeste wieth gefeohtan (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii.
+394). Kl., wieth H. wiht gefeohtan.
+
+ll. 1085 and 1099. wea-laf occurs in Wulfstan, _Hom._ 133, ed. Napier.--E.
+Cf. daroetha laf, _Brunanb._, l. 54; ades lafe, _Phoenix_, 272 (Bright), etc.
+
+l. 1098. elne unflitme = _so dass der eid (der inhalt des eides) nicht
+streitig war_.--B., _Beit._ iii. 30. But cf. 1130, where Hengist and Finn
+are again brought into juxtaposition and the expression ealles (?) unhlitme
+occurs.
+
+l. 1106. The pres. part. + be, as myndgiend waere here, is comparatively
+rare in original A.-S. literature, but occurs abundantly in translations
+from the Latin. The periphrasis is generally meaningless. Cf. l. 3029.
+
+l. 1108. Koerner suggests ecge, = _sword_, in reference to a supposed old
+German custom of placing ornaments, etc., on the point of a sword or spear
+(_Eng. Stud._ i. 495). Singer, ince-gold = _bright gold_; B., andiege =
+Goth, _andaugjo, evidently_. Cf. incge lafe, l. 2578. Possibly: and inge (=
+_young men_) gold ahofon of horde. For inge, cf. Hunt's _Exod._ l. 190.
+
+ll. 1115-1120. R. proposes (het þa ...) banfatu baernan ond on bael don,
+earme on eaxe = _to place the arms in the ashes_, reading guethrec =
+_battle-reek_, for -rinc (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 395). B., Sarrazin
+(_Beit._ xi. 530), Lichtenfeld (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 330), C., etc.,
+propose various emendations. See H.-So., p. 97, and _Beit._ viii. 568. For
+guethrinc astah, cf. Old Norse, _stiga a bal_, "ascend the bale-fire."
+
+l. 1116. sweoloethe. "On Dartmoor the burning of the furze up the hillsides
+to let new grass grow, is called _zwayling_."--E. Cf. _sultry_, G.
+_schwuel_, etc.
+
+l. 1119. Cf. wudu-rec astah, l. 3145; and _Exod_. (Hunt), l. 450: waelmist
+astah.
+
+l. 1122. aetspranc = _burst forth, arose_ (omitted from the Gloss.), < aet +
+springan.
+
+l. 1130. R. and Gr. read elne unflitme, = _loyally and without contest_, as
+at l. 1098. Cf. Ha., p. 39; H.-So., p. 97.
+
+l. 1137. scacen = _gone_; cf. ll. 1125, 2307, 2728.
+
+l. 1142. "The sons of the Eotenas" (B., _Beit._ xii. 31, who conjectures a
+gap after 1142).
+
+l. 1144. B. separates thus: Hun Lafing, = _Hun placed the sword Lafing_,
+etc.--_Beit._ xii. 32; cf. R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 396. Heinzel and
+Homburg make other conjectures (Herrig's _Archiv_, 72, 374, etc.).
+
+l. 1143. B., H.-So., and Moeller read: worod raedenne, þonne him Hun Lafing,
+= _military brotherhood, when Hun laid upon his breast_ (the sword)
+_Lafing_. There is a sword _Laufi, Loevi_ in the Norse sagas; but swords,
+armor, etc., are often called the _leaving_ (laf) of files, hammers, etc.,
+especially a precious heirloom; cf. ll. 454, 1033, 2830, 2037, 2629, 796,
+etc., etc.
+
+l. 1152. roden = _reddened_ (B., _Tidskr_. viii. 295).
+
+l. 1160. For ll. 1069-1160, containing the Finn episode, cf. Moeller,
+_Alteng. Volksepos_, 69, 86, 94; Heinzel, _Anz. f. dtsch. Altert._, 10,
+226; B., _Beit._ xii. 29-37. Cf. _Widsieth_, l. 33, etc.
+
+ll. 1160, 1161. leoeth (lied = _song, lay_) and gyd here appear synonyms.
+
+ll. 1162-1165. "Behind the wars and tribal wanderings, behind the
+contentions of the great, we watch in this poem the steady, continuous life
+of home, the passions and thoughts of men, the way they talked and moved
+and sang and drank and lived and loved among one another and for one
+another."--Br., p. 18.
+
+l. 1163. Cf. _wonderwork_. So _wonder-death, wonder-bidding,
+wonder-treasure, -smith, -sight_, etc. at ll. 1748, 3038, 2174, 1682, 996,
+etc. Cf. the German use of the same intensive, = _wondrous_, in
+_wunder-schoen_, etc.
+
+l. 1165. þa gyt points to some future event when "each" was not "true to
+other," undeveloped in this poem, suhtor-gefaederan = Hroethgar and Hroethulf,
+l. 1018. Cf. aethum-swerian, l. 84.
+
+l. 1167 almost repeats l. 500, aet fotum, etc., where Unfereth is first
+introduced.
+
+l. 1191. E. sees in this passage separate seats for youth and middle-aged
+men, as in English college halls, chapels, convocations, and churches
+still.
+
+l. 1192. ymbutan, _round about_, is sometimes thus separated: ymb hie utan;
+cf. _Voyage of Ohthere_, etc. (Sw.), p. 18, l. 34, etc.; _Beowulf_, ll.
+859, 1686, etc.
+
+l. 1194. bewaegned, a [Greek: hapax legomenon], tr. _offered_ by Th.
+Probably a p. p. waegen, made into a vb. by -ian, like _own, drown_, etc.
+Cf. hafenian ( < hafen, < hebban), etc.
+
+l. 1196. E. takes the expression to mean "mantle and its rings or
+broaches." "Rail" long survived in Mid. Eng. (_Piers Plow_., etc.).
+
+l. 1196. This necklace was afterwards given by Beowulf to Hygd, ll. 2173,
+2174.
+
+ll. 1199-1215. From the obscure hints in the passage, a part of the poem
+may be approximately dated,--if Hygelac is the _Chochi-laicus_ of Gregory
+of Tours, _Hist. Francorum_, iii. 3,--about A.D. 512-20.
+
+l. 1200. The Breosinga men (Icel. _Brisinga men_) is the necklace of the
+goddess Freya; cf. _Elder Edda, Hamarshemt_. Hama stole the necklace from
+the Gothic King Eormenric; cf. _Traveller's Song_, ll. 8, 18, 88, 111. The
+comparison of the two necklaces leads the poet to anticipate Hygelac's
+history,--a suggestion of the poem's mosaic construction.
+
+l. 1200. For Brosinga mene, cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 72. C. suggests fleah, =
+_fled_, for fealh, placing semicolon after byrig, and making he subject of
+fleah and geceas.
+
+l. 1202. B. conjectures geceas ecne raed to mean _he became a pious man and
+at death went to heaven_. Heime (Hama) in the _Thidrekssaga_ goes into a
+cloister = to choose the better part (?). Cf. H.-So., p. 98. But cf.
+Hroethgar's language to Beowulf, ll. 1760, 1761.
+
+l. 1211. S. proposes feoh, = _property_, for feorh, which would be a
+parallel for breost-gewaedu ... beah below.
+
+l. 1213. E. remarks that in the _Laws of Cnut_, i. 26, the devil is called
+se wodfreca werewulf, _the ravening werwolf_.
+
+l. 1215. C. proposes heals-bege onfeng. _Beit._ viii. 570. For hrea- Kl.
+suggests hrae-.
+
+l. 1227. The son referred to is, according to Ettmueller, the one that
+reigns after Hroethgar.
+
+l. 1229. Kl. suggests si, = _be_, for _is_.
+
+l. 1232. S. gives _wine-elated_ as the meaning of druncne.--_Beit._ ix.
+139; Kl. _ibid_. 189, 194. But cf. _Judith_, ll. 67, 107.
+
+l. 1235. Cf. l. 119 for similarity of language.
+
+l. 1235. Kl. proposes gea-sceaft; but cf. l. 1267.
+
+l. 1246. Ring armor was common in the Middle Ages. E. points out the
+numerous forms of byrne in cognate languages,--Gothic, Icelandic, OHG.,
+Slavonic, O. Irish, Romance, etc. Du Chaillu, _The Viking Age_, i. 126. Cf.
+Murray's _Dict._ s. v.
+
+l. 1248. anwig-gearwe = _ready for single combat_ (C.); but cf. Ha. p. 43;
+_Beit._ ix. 210, 282.
+
+l. 1252. Some consider this _fitt_ the beginning of Part (or Lay) II. of
+the original epic, if not a separate work in itself.
+
+l. 1254. K., W., and Ho. read farode = _wasted;_ Kolbing reads furode; but
+cf. westen warode, l. 1266. MS. has warode.
+
+ll. 1255-1258. This passage is a good illustration of the constant
+parallelism of word and phrase characteristic of A.-S. poetry, and is
+quoted by Sw. The changes are rung on ende and swylt, on gesyne and widcueth,
+etc.
+
+l. 1259. "That this story of Grendel's mother was originally a separate lay
+from the first seems to be suggested by the fact that the monsters are
+described over again, and many new details added, such as would be inserted
+by a new singer who wished to enhance and adorn the original tale."--Br.,
+p. 41.
+
+l. 1259. Cf. l. 107, which also points to the ancestry of murderers and
+monsters and their descent from "Cain."
+
+l. 1261. The MS. has se þe, m.; changed by some to seo þe. At ll. 1393,
+1395, 1498, Grendel's mother is referred to as m.; at ll. 1293, 1505,
+1541-1546, etc., as f., the uncertain pronoun designating a creature female
+in certain aspects, but masculine in demonic strength and
+savageness.--H.-So.; Sw. p. 202. Cf. the masc. epithets at ll. 1380, 2137,
+etc.
+
+l. 1270. aglaeca = _Grendel_, though possibly referring to Beowulf, as at l.
+1513.--Sw.
+
+l. 1273. "It is not certain whether anwalda stands for onwealda, or whether
+it should be read anwealda, = _only ruler_.--Sw.
+
+l. 1279. The MS. has sunu þeod wrecan, which R. changes to sunu
+þeod-wrecan, þeod- = _monstrous_; but why not regard þeod as opposition to
+sunu, = _her son, the prince?_ See Sweet's Reader, and Koerner's discussion,
+_Eng. Stud._ i. 500.
+
+l. 1281. Ten Br. suggests (for sona) sara = _return of sorrows._
+
+l. 1286. "geþuren (twice so written in MSS.) stands for geþruen, _forged_,
+and is an isolated p. p."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., 209. But see Toller-Bosw.
+for examples; Sw., Gloss.; March, p. 100, etc.
+
+ll. 1292. þe hine = _whom;_ cf. ll. 441, 1437, 1292; _Heliand_, l. 1308.
+
+l. 1298. be saem tweonum; cf. l. 1192; Hunt's _Exod_. l. 442; and Mod. Eng.
+"to _us_-ward, etc.--Earle's _Philol._, p. 449. Cf. note, l. 1192.
+
+l. 1301. C. proposes oether him aern = _another apartment was assigned him_.
+
+l. 1303. B. conjectures under hrof genam; but Ha., p. 45, shows this to be
+unnecessary, under also meaning _in_, as _in_ (or _under_) these
+circumstances.
+
+l. 1319. E. and Sw. suggest naegde or negde, _accosted_, < negan = Mid. Ger.
+_nehwian_, pr. p. _nehwiandans, approach_. For hnaegan, _press down,
+vanquish_, see ll. 1275, 1440, etc.
+
+l. 1321. C. suggests nead-laethum for neod-laethu, _after crushing hostility_;
+but cf. freond-laethu, l. 1193.
+
+l. 1334. K. and ten Br. conjecture gefaegnod = _rejoicing in her fill_, a
+parallel to aese wlanc, l. 1333.
+
+l. 1340. B. translates: "and she has executed a deed of blood-vengeance of
+far-reaching consequence."--_Beit._ xii. 93.
+
+l. 1345. B. reads geo for eow (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 205).
+
+ll. 1346-1377. "This is a fine piece of folk-lore in the oldest extant
+form.... The authorities for the story are the rustics (ll. 1346, 1356)."
+--E.
+
+l. 1347. Cf. sele-raedende at l. 51.
+
+l. 1351. "The ge [of gewitan] may be merely a scribal error,--a repetition
+(dittography) of the preceding ge of gewislicost."--Sw.
+
+l. 1352. ides, like firas, _men_, etc., is a poetic word supposed by Grimm
+to have been applied, like Gr. [Greek: numphae], to superhuman or
+semi-divine women.
+
+ll. 1360-1495 _seq._ E. compares this Dantesque tarn and scenery with the
+poetical accounts of _AEneid_, vii. 563; _Lucretius_, vi. 739, etc.
+
+l. 1360. firgenstream occurs also in the _Phoenix_ (Bright, p. 168) l. 100;
+_Andreas_, ll. 779, 3144 (K.); _Gnomic Verses_, l. 47, etc.
+
+l. 1363. The genitive is often thus used to denote measure = by or in
+miles; cf. l. 3043; and contrast with partitive gen. at l. 207.
+
+l. 1364. The MS. reads hrinde = hrinende (?), which Gr. adopts; K. and Th.
+read hrinde-bearwas; hringde, _encircling_ (Sarrazin, _Beit._ xi. 163);
+hrimge = _frosty_ (Sw.); _with frost-whiting covered_ (Ha.). See Morris,
+_Blickling Hom_., Preface, vi., vii.
+
+l. 1364. Cf. Ruin, hrimige edoras behrofene, _rimy, roofless halls_.
+
+l. 1366. niethwundor may = nieth- (as in nieth-sele, _q. v._) wundor, _wonder of
+the deep_.
+
+l. 1368. The personal pronoun is sometimes omitted in subordinate and even
+independent clauses; cf. wite here; and Hunt's _Exod_., l. 319.
+
+l. 1370. hornum. Such "datives of manner or respect" are not infrequent
+with adj.
+
+l. 1371. "seleeth is not dependent on aer, for in that case it would be in the
+subjunctive, but aer is simply an adverb, correlative with the conjunction
+aer in the next line: 'he will (sooner) give up his life, before he will,'
+etc."--Sw.
+
+l. 1372. Cf. ll. 318 and 543 for willan with similar omitted inf.
+
+l. 1373. heafola is found only in poetry.--Sw. It occurs thirteen or
+fourteen times in this poem. Cf. the poetic gamol, swat (l. 2694), etc.,
+for eald, blod.
+
+l. 1391. uton: hortatory subj. of witan, _go_, = _let us go;_ cf. French
+_allons_, Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_, etc. + inf. Cf. ll. 2649, 3102.
+
+l. 1400. H. is dat. of person indirectly affected, = advantage.
+
+l. 1402. geatolic probably = _in his equipments_, as B. suggests (_Beit._
+xii. 83), comparing searolic.
+
+ll. 1402, 1413 reproduce the wk. form of the pret. of gan (Goth,
+_gaggida_). Cf. _Andreas_, l. 1096, etc.
+
+l. 1405. S. (_Beit._ ix. 140) supplies [þaer heo] gegnum for; B. (_ibid._
+xii. 14) suggests hwaer heo.
+
+l. 1411. B., Gr., and E. take an-paethas = paths wide enough for only one,
+like Norwegian _einstig_; cf. stige nearwe, just above. _Trail_ is the
+meaning. Cf. enge anpaethas, uncueth gelad, _Exod._ (Hunt), l. 58.
+
+l. 1421. Cf. oncyeth, l. 831. The whole passage (ll. 1411-1442) is replete
+with suggestions of walrus-hunting, seal-fishing, harpooning of sea-animals
+(l. 1438), etc.
+
+l. 1425. E. quotes from the 8th cent. Corpus Gloss., "_Falanx_ foeetha."
+
+l. 1428. For other mention of nicors, cf. ll. 422, 575, 846. E. remarks,
+"it survives in the phrase 'Old Nick' ... a word of high authority ...
+Icel. _nykr_, water-goblin, Dan. _noek, nisse_, Swed. _naecken_, G. _nix,
+nixe_, etc." See Skeat, _Nick._
+
+l. 1440. Sw. reads gehnaeged, _prostrated_, and regards nietha as gen. pl.
+"used instrumentally," = _by force._
+
+l. 1441. -bora = _bearer, stirrer;_ occurs in other compds., as mund-,
+raed-, waeg-bora.
+
+l. 1447. him = _for him_, a remoter dative of reference.--Sw.
+
+l. 1455. Gr. reads brondne, = _flaming_.
+
+l. 1457. leon is the inf. of lah; cf. onlah (< onleon) at l. 1468. lihan
+was formerly given as the inf.; cf. laene = laehne.
+
+l. 1458. Cf. the similar dat. of possession as used in Latin.
+
+l. 1458. H.-So. compares the Icelandic saga account of Grettir's battle
+with the giant in the cave. haeft-mece may be = Icel. _heptisax_ (_Anglia_,
+iii. 83), "hip-knife."
+
+l. 1459. "The sense seems to be 'pre-eminent among the old treasures.' ...
+But possibly foran is here a prep. with the gen.: 'one before the old
+treasures.'".--Sw. For other examples of foran, cf. ll. 985, 2365.
+
+l. 1460. ater-tearum = _poison-drops_ (C., _Beit._ viii. 571; S., _ibid_.
+xi. 359).
+
+l. 1467. þaet, comp. relative, = _that which_; "we testify _that_ we do
+know."
+
+l. 1480. foreth-gewitenum is in appos. to me, = _mihi defuncto_.--M.
+Callaway, _Am. Journ. of Philol._, October, 1889.
+
+l. 1482. nime. Conditional clauses of doubt or future contingency take gif
+or buton with subj.; cf. ll. 452, 594; of fact or certainty, the ind.; cf.
+ll. 442, 447, 527, 662, etc. For buton, cf. ll. 967, 1561.
+
+l. 1487. "findan sometimes has a preterit funde in W. S. after the manner
+of the weak preterits."--Cook's Sievers' Cram., p, 210.
+
+l. 1490. Kl. reads wael-sweord, = _battle-sword_.
+
+l. 1507. "This cave under the sea seems to be another of those natural
+phenomena of which the writer had personal knowledge (ll. 2135, 2277), and
+which was introduced by him into the mythical tale to give it a local
+color. There are many places of this kind. Their entrance is under the
+lowest level of the tide."--Br., p. 45.
+
+l. 1514. B. (_Beit._ xii. 362) explains niethsele, hrofsele as _roof-covered
+hall in the deep_; cf. Grettir Saga (_Anglia_, iii. 83).
+
+l. 1538. Sw., R., and ten Br. suggest feaxe for eaxle, = _seized by the
+hair_.
+
+l. 1543. and-lean (R.); cf. l. 2095. The MS. has hand-lean.
+
+l. 1546. Sw. and S. read seax.--_Beit._ ix. 140.
+
+l. 1557. H.-So. omits comma and places semicolon after yethelice; Sw. and S.
+place comma after gesced.
+
+l. 1584. oether swylc = _another fifteen_ (Sw.); = _fully as many_ (Ha.).
+
+ll. 1592-1613 _seq._ Cf. _Anglia_, iii; 84 (Grettir Saga).
+
+l. 1595. blondenfeax = _grizzly-haired_ (Bright, Reader, p. 258); cf.
+_Brunanb._, l. 45 (Bright).
+
+l. 1599. geweareth, impers. vb., = _agree, decide = many agreed upon this,
+that_, etc. (Ha., p. 55; cf. ll. 2025-2027, 1997; B., _Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1605. C. supposes wiston = wiscton = _wished_.--_Beit._ viii. 571.
+
+l. 1607. broden mael is now regarded as a comp. noun, = _inlaid or
+damascened sword_.--W., Ho.
+
+l. 1611. wael-rapas = _water-ropes = bands of frost_ (l. 1610) (?). Possibly
+the Prov. Eng. weele, _whirlpool_. Cf. wael, _gurges_, Wright, Voc., _Gnom.
+Verses_, l. 39.--E.
+
+l. 1611. waegrapas (Sw.) = _wave-bands_ (Ha.).
+
+l. 1622. B. suggests eatna = eotena, eardas, _haunts of the giants_
+(Northumbr. ea for eo).
+
+l. 1635. cyning-holde (B., _Beit._ xii. 369); cf. l. 290.
+
+l. 1650. H., Gr., and Ettmueller understand idese to refer to the queen.
+
+l. 1651. Cf. _Anglia_, iii. 74, _Beit._ xi. 167, for coincidences with the
+Grettir Saga (13th cent.).
+
+l. 1657. Restore MS. reading wigge in place of wige.
+
+l. 1664. B. proposes eotenise ... este for eacen ... oftost, omitting
+brackets (_Zackers Zeitschr._ iv. 206). G. translates _mighty ... often_.
+
+l. 1675. ondraedan. "In late texts the final n of the preposition on is
+frequently lost when it occurs in a compound word or stereotyped phrase,
+and the prefix then appears as a: abutan, amang, aweg, aright,
+adr'aedan."--Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 98.
+
+ll. 1680-1682. Giants and their work are also referred to at ll. 113, 455,
+1563, 1691, etc.
+
+l. 1680. Cf. ceastra ... orethanc enta geweorc, _Gnomic Verses_, l. 2;
+Sweet's Reader, p. 186.
+
+ll. 1687-1697. "In this description of the writing on the sword, we see the
+process of transition from heathen magic to the notions of Christian times
+.... The history of the flood and of the giants ... were substitutes for
+names of heathen gods, and magic spells for victory."--E. Cf. Mohammedan
+usage.
+
+ll. 1703, 1704. þaet þe eorl naere geboren betera (B., _Tidskr._ 8, 52).
+
+l. 1715. ana hwearf = _he died solitary and alone_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38); =
+_lonely_ (Ha.); = _alone_ (G.).
+
+l. 1723. leod-bealo longsum = _eternal hell-torment_ (B., _Beit._ xii. 38,
+who compares _Ps. Cott._ 57, lif longsum).
+
+l. 1729. E. translates on lufan, _towards possession_; Ha., _to
+possessions_.
+
+l. 1730. modgeþonc, like lig, sae, segn, niht, etc., is of double gender
+(m., n. in the case of modgeþ.).
+
+l. 1741. The doctrine of nemesis following close on [Greek: hubris], or
+overweening pride, is here very clearly enunciated. The only protector
+against the things that "assault and hurt" the soul is the "Bishop and
+Shepherd of our souls" (l. 1743).
+
+l. 1745 appears dimly to fore-shadow the office of the evil archer Loki,
+who in the Scandinavian mythology shoots Balder with a mistletoe twig. The
+language closely resembles that of Psalm 64.
+
+l. 1748. Kl. regards wom = wo(u)m; cf. woh-bogen, l. 2828. See Gloss., p.
+295, under wam. Contrast the construction of bebeorgan a few lines below
+(l. 1759), where the dat. and acc. are associated.
+
+l. 1748. See Cook's Sievers' Gram., p. 167, for declension of woh, _wrong_
+= gen. wos or woges, dat. wo(u)m, etc.; pl. gen. wora, dat. wo(u)m, etc.;
+and cf. declension of heah, hreoh, ruh, etc.
+
+l. 1748. wergan gastes; cf. _Blickl. Hom._ vii.; _Andreas_, l. 1171. "_Auld
+Wearie_ is used in Scotland, or was used a few years ago, ... to mean the
+devil."--E. Bede's _Eccles. Hist._ contains (naturally) many examples of
+the expression = devil.
+
+l. 1750. on gyld = _in reward_ (B. _Beit._ xii. 95); Ha. translates
+_boastfully_; G., _for boasting_; Gr., _to incite to boastfulness_. Cf.
+_Christ_, l. 818.
+
+l. 1767. E. thinks this an allusion to the widespread superstition of the
+evil eye (_mal occhio, mauvais aeil_). Cf. Vergil, _Ecl._ iii. 103. He
+remarks that Pius IX., Gambetta, and President Carnot were charged by their
+enemies with possessing this weapon.
+
+l. 1784. wigge geweorethad (MS. wigge weorethad) is C.'s conjecture; cf.
+_Elene_, l. 150. So G., _honored in war_.
+
+l. 1785. The future generally implied in the present of beon is plainly
+seen in this line; cf. ll. 1826, 661, 1830, 1763, etc.
+
+l. 1794. Some impers. vbs. take acc. (as here, Geat) of the person
+affected; others (as þyncan) take the dat. of the person, as at ll. 688,
+1749, etc. Cf. verbs of dreaming, being ashamed, desiring, etc.--March,
+A.-S. Gram., p. 145.
+
+l. 1802. E. remarks that the blaca hrefn here is a bird of good omen, as
+opposed to se wonna hrefn of l. 3025. The raven, wolf, and eagle are the
+regular epic accompaniments of battle and carnage. Cf. ll. 3025-3028;
+_Maldon_, 106; _Judith_, 205-210, etc.
+
+l. 1803. S. emends to read: "then came the light, going bright after
+darkness: the warriors," etc. Cf. Ho., p. 41, l. 23. G. puts period before
+"the warriors." For onettan, cf. Sw.'s Gloss, and Bright's Read., Gloss.
+
+ll. 1808-1810. Muellenh. and Grundt. refer se hearda to Beowulf, correct
+sunu (MS.) to suna Ecglafes (i.e. Unferth); [_he_] (Beo.) _thanked him_
+(Un.) _for the loan_. Cf. ll. 344, 581, 1915.
+
+ll. 1823-1840. "Beowulf departing pledges his services to Hroethgar, to be
+what afterwards in the mature language of chivalry was called his 'true
+knight'"--E.
+
+l. 1832. Kl. corrects to dryhtne, in appos. with Higelace.
+
+l. 1835 gar-holt more properly means _spear-shaft_; cf. aesc-holt.
+
+l. 1855. sel = _better_ (Grundt.; B., _Beit._ xii. 96), instead of MS. wel.
+
+ll. 1855-1866. "An ideal picture of international amity according to the
+experience and doctrine of the eighth century."--E.
+
+l. 1858. S. and Kl. correct to gemaene, agreeing with sib.--_Beit._ ix. 140,
+190.
+
+l. 1862. "The gannet is a great diver, plunging down into the sea from a
+considerable height, such as forty feet."--E.
+
+l. 1863. Kl. suggests heafu, = _seas_.
+
+l. 1865. B. proposes geþohte, = _with firm thought_, for geworhte; cf. l.
+611.
+
+l. 1876. geseon = _see again_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 190). S. and B. insert na
+to modify geseon and explain Hroethgar's tears. Ha. and G. follow Heyne's
+text. Cf. l. 567.
+
+l. 1881. Is beorn here = bearn (be-arn?) of l. 67? or more likely = born,
+barn, = _burned?_--S., Th.
+
+l. 1887. orleahtre is a _[Greek: hapax legomenon]_. E. compares Tennyson's
+"blameless" king. Cf. also ll. 2015, 2145; and the god cyning of l. 11.
+
+l. 1896. scaethan = _warriors_ (cf. l. 1804) has been proposed by C.; but cf.
+l. 253.
+
+l. 1897. The boat had been left, at ll. 294-302, in the keeping of
+Hroethgar's men; at l. 1901 the bat-weard is specially honored by Beowulf
+with a sword and becomes a "sworded squire."--E. This circumstance appears
+to weld the poem together. Cf. also the speed of the journey home with ymb
+an-tid oþres dogores of l. 219, and the similarity of language in both
+passages (famig-heals, clifu, naessas, saelde, brim, etc.).--The nautical
+terms in Beowulf would form an interesting study.
+
+l. 1904. R. proposes, gewat him on naca, = _the vessel set out_, on
+alliterating as at l. 2524 (_Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 402). B. reads on
+nacan, but inserts irrelevant matter (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1913. Cf. the same use of ceol, = _ship_, in the _A.-S. Chron._, ed.
+Earle-Plummer; _Gnomic Verses_, etc.
+
+l. 1914. S. inserts þaet he before on lande.
+
+l. 1916. B. makes leofra manna depend on wlatode, = _looked for the dear
+men ready at the coast_ (_Beit._ xii. 97).
+
+l. 1924. Gr., W., and Ho. propose wunade, = _remained;_ but cf. l. 1929. S.
+conceives ll. 1924, 1925 as "direct speech" (_Beit._ ix. 141).
+
+l. 1927 _seq._ "The women of Beowulf are of the fine northern type; trusted
+and loved by their husbands and by the nobles and people; generous, gentle,
+and holding their place with dignity."--Br., p. 67. Thrytho is the
+exception, l. 1932 _seq._
+
+l. 1933. C. suggests frecnu, = _dangerous, bold_, for Thrytho could not be
+called "excellent." G. writes "Modthrytho" as her name. The womanly Hygd
+seems purposely here contrasted with the terrible Thrytho, just as, at l.
+902 _seq._, Sigemund and Heremod are contrasted. For Thrytho, etc., cf.
+Gr., _Jahrb. fuer rom. u. eng. Lit._ iv. 279; Muellenhoff, _Haupts Zeitschr._
+xiv. 216; Matthew Paris; Suchier, _Beit._ iv. 500-521; R. _Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 402; B., _ibid._ iv. 206; Koerner, _Eng. Stud._ i. 489-492;
+H.-So., p. 106.
+
+l. 1932-1963. K. first pointed out the connection between the historical
+Offa, King of Mercia, and his wife Cwendrida, and the Offa and Þryetho (Gr.'s
+_Drida_ of the _Vita Offae Secundi_) of the present passage. The tale is
+told of her, not of Hygd.
+
+l. 1936. Suchier proposes andaeges, = _eye to eye_; Leo proposes andaeges, =
+_the whole day_; G., _by day_. No change is necessary if an be taken to
+govqern hire, = _on her_, and daeges be explained (like nihtes, etc.) as a
+genitive of time, = _by day_.
+
+l. 1943. R. and Suchier propose onsece, = _seek, require_; but cf. 2955.
+
+l. 1966. Cf. the _heofoncandel_ of _Exod_. l. 115 (Hunt). Shak.'s 'night's
+candles.'
+
+l. 1969. Cf. l. 2487 _seq._ for the actual slayer of Ongenþeow, i.e. Eofor,
+to whom Hygelac gave his only daughter as a reward, l. 2998.
+
+l. 1981. meodu-scencum = _with mead-pourers_ or _mead-cups_ (G., Ha.);
+_draught or cup of mead_ (Toller-Bosw.).
+
+l. 1982. K., Th., W., H. supply [heal-]reced; Holler [hea-].
+
+l. 1984. B. defends the MS., reading hae nu (for haeethnu), which he regards as
+= Heinir, the inhabitants of the Jutish "heaths" (haeeth). Cf. H.-So., p. 107;
+_Beit._ xii. 9.
+
+l. 1985. sinne. "In poetry there is a reflexive possessive of the third
+person, sin (declined like min). It is used not only as a true reflexive,
+but also as a non-reflexive (= Lat. _ejus_)"--Sw.; Cook's Sievers' Gram.,
+p. 185. Cf. ll. 1508, 1961, 2284, 2790.
+
+l. 1994. Cf. l. 190 for a similar use of seaeth; cf. to "glow" with emotion,
+"boil" with indignation, "burn" with anger, etc. weallan is often so used;
+cf. ll. 2332, 2066, etc.
+
+l. 2010. B. proposes facne, = _in treachery_, for fenne. Cf. _Juliana_, l.
+350; _Beit._ xii. 97.
+
+l. 2022. Food of specific sorts is rarely, if at all, mentioned in the
+poem. Drink, on the other hand, occurs in its primitive varieties,--_ale_
+(as here: ealu-waeg), _mead, beer, wine, lieth_ (cider? Goth. _leiþus_, Prov.
+Ger. _leit-_ in _leit-haus_, ale-house), etc.
+
+l. 2025. Kl. proposes is for waes.
+
+l. 2027. Cf. l. 1599 for a similar use of weorethan, = _agree, be pleased
+with_ (Ha.); _appear_ (Sw., Reader, 6th ed.).
+
+ll. 2030, 2031. Ten Br. proposes: oft seldan ( = _gave_) waere aefter
+leod-hryre: lytle hwile bongar bugeeth, þeah seo bryd duge = _oft has a
+treaty been given after the fall of a prince: but little while the
+murder-spear resteth, however excellent the bride be._ Cf. Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+190; B., _Beit._ xii. 369; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ in. 404; Ha., p. 69; G.,
+p. 62.
+
+l. 2036. Cf. Kl, _Beit._ ix. 191; R., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iii. 404.
+
+l. 2042. For beah B. reads ba, = _both_, i.e. Freaware and the Dane.
+
+l. 2063. Thorkelin and Conybeare propose wigende, = _fighting_, for
+lifigende.
+
+l. 2068. W.'s edition begins section xxx. (not marked in the MS.) with this
+line. Section xxxix. (xxxviii. in copies A and B, xxxix. in Thorkelin) is
+not so designated in the MS., though þa (at l. 2822) is written with
+capitals and xl. begins at l. 2893.
+
+l. 2095. Cf. l. 1542, and note.
+
+l. 2115 _seq._ B. restores thus:
+
+                      Þaer on innan giong
+    niethetha nathwylc,      neode to gefeng
+    haeethnum horde;      hond aetgenam
+    seleful since fah;      ne he þaet syethethan ageaf,
+    þeah þe he slaepende      besyrede hyrde
+    þeofes craefte:       þaet se þioden onfand,
+    by-folc beorna,       þaet he gebolgen waes.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 99; _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 210.
+
+l. 2128. aetbaer here = _bear away_, not given in the Gloss.
+
+l. 2129. B. proposes faerunga, = _suddenly_, for Gr.'s reading in the
+text.--_Beit._ xii. 98.
+
+l. 2132. MS. has þine life, which Leo translates _by thy leave_ (= ON.
+_leyfi_); B., _by thy life_.--_Beit._ xii. 369.
+
+l. 2150. B. renders gen, etc., by "now I serve thee alone again as my
+gracious king" (_Beit._ xii. 99).
+
+l. 2151. The forms hafu [hafo], hafast, hafaeth, are poetic archaisms.--Sw.
+
+l. 2153. Kl. proposes ealdor, = _prince_, for eafor. W. proposes the compd.
+eafor-heafodsegn, = _helm_; cf. l. 1245.
+
+l. 2157. The wk. form of the adj. is frequent in the vocative, especially
+when postponed: "Beowulf leofa," l. 1759. So, often, in poetry in nom.:
+wudu selesta, etc.
+
+l. 2158. aerest is possibly the verbal subs. from arisan, _to arise, =
+arising, origin_. R. suggested aerist, _arising, origin_. Cf. Bede, _Eccles.
+Hist._, ed. Miller, where the word is spelt as above, but = (as usual)
+_resurrection_. See Sweet, Reader, p. 211; E.-Plummer's _Chronicle_, p.
+302, etc. The MS. has est. See Ha., p. 73; S., _Beit._ x. 222; and cf. l.
+2166.
+
+l. 2188. Gr., W., H. supply [wen]don, = _weened_, instead of Th.'s [oft
+saeg]don.
+
+l. 2188. The "slack" Beowulf, like the sluggish Brutus, ultimately reveals
+his true character, and is presented with a historic sword of honor. It is
+"laid on his breast" (l. 2195) as Hun laid Lafing on Hengest's breast, l.
+1145.
+
+l. 2188. "The boy was at first slothful, and the Geats thought him an
+unwarlike prince, and long despised him. Then, like many a lazy third son
+in the folk tales, a change came, he suddenly showed wonderful daring and
+was passionate for adventure."--Br., p. 22.
+
+l. 2196. "Seven of thousands, manor and lordship" (Ha.). Kl., _Beit._ ix.
+191, thinks with Ettm. that þusendo means a hide of land (see Schmid, _Ges.
+der Angl_, 610), Bede's familia = 1/2 sq. meter; seofan being used (like
+hund, l. 2995) only for the alliteration.
+
+l. 2196. "A vast Honour of 7000 hides, a mansion, and a judgment-seat"
+[throne].--E.
+
+l. 2210. MS. has the more correct wintra.
+
+l. 2211. Cf. similar language about the dragon at l. 100. Beowulf's
+"jubilee" is fitly solemnized by his third and last dragon-fight.
+
+l. 2213. B. proposes se þe on hearge haeethen hord beweotode; cf. Ha., p. 75.
+
+l. 2215. "The dragon lies round the treasures in a cave, as Fafnir, like a
+Python, lay coiled over his hoard. So constant was this habit among the
+dragons that gold is called Worms' bed, Fafnir's couch, Worms' bed-fire.
+Even in India, the cobras ... are guardians of treasure."--Br., p. 50.
+
+l. 2216. neode. E. translates _deftly_; Ha., _with ardor_. H.-So. reads
+neode, = _with desire, greedily_, instr. of neod.
+
+l. 2223. E. begins his "Part Third" at this point as he begins "Part
+Second" at l. 1252, each dragon-fight forming part of a trilogy.
+
+ll. 2224, 2225. B. proposes: nealles mid gewealdum wyrmes weard gaest sylfes
+willum.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+l. 2225. For þeow read þegn.--K. and Z.
+
+l. 2225. þeow, st. m., _slave, serf_ (not in H.-So.).
+
+l. 2227. For ofer-þearfe read aernes þearfa.--Z.
+
+ll. 2229-2231. B. proposes:
+
+    secg synbysig      sona onwlatode,
+    þeah þam gyste      gryrebroga stod,
+    hwaeethre earmsceapen      innganges þearfa
+       .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .   .
+    feasceapen,      þa hyne se faer begeat.
+                     --_Beit._ xii. 101. Cf. Ha., p. 69.
+
+l. 2232. W. suggests seah or seir for geseah, and Gr. suggests searolic.
+
+l. 2233. Z. surmises eoreth-huse (for -scraefe).
+
+l. 2241. B. proposes laen-gestreona, = _transitory_, etc.; Th., R. propose
+leng (= _longer_) gestreona; S. accepts the text but translates "the
+long accumulating treasure."
+
+l. 2246. B. proposed (1) hard-fyndne, = _hard to find_; (2) hord-wynne
+dael,--_a deal of treasure-joy_ (cf. l. 2271).--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+iv. 211; _Beit._ xii. 102.
+
+l. 2247. fecword = _banning words_ (?) MS. has fec.
+
+l. 2254. Others read feor-[mie], = _furbish_, for fetige: _I own not one
+who may_, etc.
+
+l. 2261. The Danes themselves were sometimes called the "Ring-Danes,"
+= clad in ringed (or a ring of) armor, or possessing rings. Cf.
+ll. 116, 1280.
+
+l. 2264. Note the early reference to hawking. Minstrelsy (hearpan
+wyn), saga-telling, racing, swimming, harpooning of sea-animals, feasting,
+and the bestowal of jewels, swords, and rings, are the other amusements
+most frequent in _Beowulf_.
+
+l. 2264. Cf. _Maldon_, ll. 8, 9, for a reference to hawking.
+
+l. 2276. Z. suggests swyethe ondraedaeth; Ho. puts gesecean for Gr.'s
+gewunian.
+
+l. 2277. Z. and K. read: hord on hrusan. "Three hundred winters,"
+at l. 2279, is probably conventional for "a long time," like hund
+missera, l. 1499; hund þusenda, l. 2995; þritig (of Beowulf's strength), l.
+379; þritig (of the men slain by Grendel), l. 123; seofan þusendo, l. 2196,
+etc.
+
+l. 2285. B. objects to hord as repeated in ll. 2284, 2285; but cf. Ha., p.
+77. C. prefers sum to hord. onboren = _inminutus_; cf. B., _Beit._ xii.
+102.
+
+l. 2285. onberan is found also at line 991, = _carry off_, with on- = E.
+_un--(un-bind, -loose, -tie_, etc.), G. _ent-_. The negro still pronounces
+_on-do_, etc.
+
+l. 2299. Cf. H.-So., p. 112, for a defense of the text as it stands. B.
+proposes "nor was there any man in that desert who rejoiced in conflict,"
+etc. So ten Br.
+
+l. 2326. B. and ten Br,. propose ham, = _home_, for him.--_Beit._ xii. 103.
+
+l. 2335. E. translates ealond utan by _the sea-board front, the
+water-washed land on the (its) outside_. See B., _Beit._ xii. 1, 5.
+
+l. 2346. Cf. l. 425, where Beowulf resolves to fight the dragon
+single-handed. E. compares _Guy of Warwick_, ll. 49, 376.
+
+l. 2355. Ten Br. proposes laethan cynne as apposition to maegum.
+
+l. 2360. Cf. Beowulf's other swimming-feat with Breca, ll. 506 _seq._
+
+l. 2362. Gr. inserts ana, = _lone-going_, before xxx.: approved by B.; and
+Krueger, _Beit._ ix. 575. Cf. l. 379.
+
+l. 2362. "Beowulf has the strength of thirty men in the original tale.
+Here, then, the new inventor makes him carry off thirty coats of
+mail."--Br., p. 48.
+
+l. 2364. Hetware = Chattuarii, a nation allied against Hygelac in his
+Frisian expedition; cf. ll. 1208 _seq._, 2917, etc.
+
+l. 2368. B. proposes _quiet sea_ as trans, of sioleetha bigong, and compares
+Goth. _anasilan_, to be still; Swed. dial, _sil_, still water between
+waterfalls.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 214.
+
+l. 2380. hyne--Heardred; so him, l. 2358.
+
+l. 2384. E. calls attention to Swio-rice as identical with the modern
+_Sverige_ = Sweden; cf. l. 2496.
+
+l. 2386. Gr. reads on feorme, = _at the banquet_; cf. Moeller, _Alteng.
+Volksepos_, 111, who reads (f)or feorme. The MS. has or.
+
+l. 2391. Cf. l. 11.
+
+l. 2394. B., Gr., and Mullenh. understand ll. 2393-2397 to mean that
+Eadgils, Ohthere's son, driven from Sweden, returns later, supported by
+Beowulf, takes the life of his uncle Onela, and probably becomes himself
+O.'s successor and king of Sweden. For another view see H.-So., p. 115. MS.
+has freond (l. 2394), which Leo, etc., change to feond. G. translates
+_friend_.--_Beit._ xii. 13; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert_. iii. 177.
+
+l. 2395. Eadgils is Ohthere's son; cf. l. 2381; Onela is Ohthere's brother;
+cf. ll. 2933, 2617.
+
+l. 2402. "Twelfsome"; cf. "fifteensome" at l. 207, etc. As _Beowulf_ is
+essentially _the_ Epic of Philanthropy, of the true love of man, as
+distinguished from the ordinary love-epic, the number twelve in this
+passage may be reminiscent of another Friend of Man and another Twelve. In
+each case all but one desert the hero.
+
+l. 2437. R. proposes styred, = _ordered, decreed_, for stred.--_Zachers
+Zeitschr._ iii. 409.
+
+l. 2439. B. corrects to freo-wine = _noble friend_, asking, "How can
+Herebeald be called Haeethcyn's frea-wine [MS.], _lord?_"
+
+l. 2442. feohleas gefeoht, "a homicide which cannot be atoned for by
+money--in this case an unintentional fratricide."--Sw.
+
+l. 2445. See Ha., pp. 82, 83, for a discussion of ll. 2445-2463. Cf. G., p.
+75.
+
+l. 2447. MS. reads wrece, justified by B. (_Tidskr_. viii. 56). W.
+conceives wrece as optative or hortative, and places a colon before þonne.
+
+l. 2449. For helpan read helpe.--K., Th., S. (_Zeitschr. f. D. Phil._ xxi.
+3, 357).
+
+ll. 2454-2455. (1) Muellenh. (_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 232) proposes:
+
+                    þonne se an hafaeth
+    þurh daeda nyd      deaethes gefandod.
+
+(2) B. proposes:
+
+    þurh daeda nieth      deaethes gefondad.
+       --_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 215.
+
+l. 2458. Cf. sceotend, pl., ll. 704, 1155, like ridend. Cf. _Judith_, l.
+305, etc.
+
+l. 2474. Th. considers the "wide water" here as the Maelar lake, the
+boundary between Swedes and Goths.
+
+l. 2477. On oþþe = _and_, cf. B., _Tidskr_. viii. 57. See Ha., p. 83.
+
+l. 2489. B. proposes hrea-blac for Gr.'s heoro-.--_Tikskr_. viii. 297.
+
+l. 2494. S. suggests eethel-wynne.
+
+l. 2502. E. translates for dugeethum, _of my prowess_; so Ettmueller.
+
+ll. 2520-2522. Gr. and S. translate, "if I knew how else I might combat the
+monster's boastfulness."--Ha., p. 85.
+
+l. 2524. and-hattres is H.'s invention. Gr. reads oreethes and attres, _blast
+and venom_. Cf. orueth, l. 2558, and l. 2840 (where attor- also occurs).
+
+l. 2526. E. quotes fleon fotes trym from _Maldon_, l. 247.
+
+l. 2546. Gr., H.-So., and Ho. read standan stan-bogan (for stod on
+stan-bogan) depending on geseah.
+
+l. 2550. Grundt. and B. propose deor, _brave one_, i.e. Beowulf, for deop.
+
+L. 2565. MS. has ungleaw (K., Th.), unglaw (Grundt.). B. proposes unslaw, =
+_sharp_.--_Beit._ xii. 104. So H.-So., Ha., p. 86.
+
+ll. 2570, 2571. (1) May not gescife (MS. to gscipe) = German _schief_,
+"crooked," "bent," "aslant," and hence be a parallel to gebogen, _bent,
+coiled?_ cf. l. 2568, þa se wyrm gebeah snude tosomne, and l. 2828. Coiled
+serpents spring more powerfully for the coiling. (2) Or perhaps destroy
+comma after to and read gescaepe, = _his fate_; cf. l. 26: him þa Scyld
+gewat to gescaep-hwile. G. appar. adopts this reading, p. 78.
+
+l. 2589. grund-wong = _the field_, not _the earth_ (so B.); H.-So., _cave_,
+as at l. 2771. So Ha., p. 87.
+
+l. 2595. S. proposes colon after stefne.--_Beit._ ix. 141.
+
+l. 2604. Muellenh. explains leod Scylfinga in _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ iii.
+176-178.
+
+l. 2607. are = _possessions, holding_ (Kl., _Beit._ ix. 192; Ha., p. 88).
+
+l. 2609. folcrihta. Add "folk-right" to the meanings in the Gloss.; and cf.
+eethel-, land-riht, word-riht.
+
+l. 2614. H.-So. reads with Gr. wraeccan wineleasum Weohstan bana, = _whom, a
+friendless exile, W. had slain_.
+
+ll. 2635-61. E. quotes Tacitus, _Germania_, xiv.: "turpe comitatui virtutem
+principis non adaequare." Beowulf had been deserted by his _comitatus_.
+
+l. 2643. B. proposes user.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 216.
+
+l. 2649. wutun; l. 3102, uton = pres. subj. pl. 1st person of witan, _to
+go_, used like Mod. Eng. _let us_ + inf., Lat. _eamus_, Ital. _andiamo_,
+Fr. _allons_; M. E. (_Layamon_) _uten_. Cf. Psa. ii. 3, etc. March, _A.-S.
+Gram._, pp. 104, 196.
+
+l. 2650. B. suggests hat for hyt,.--_Beit._ xii. 105.
+
+l. 2656. fane = fah-ne; cf. fara = fah-ra, l. 578; so heanne (MS.) =
+heah-ne, etc., l. 984. See Cook's Sievers' Gram.
+
+ll. 2660, 2661. Why not read beadu-scrud, as at l. 453, = _battle-shirt?_
+B. and R. suppose two half-verses omitted between byrdu-scrud and bam
+gemaene. B. reads bywdu, = _handsome_, etc. Gr. suggests unc nu, = _to us
+two now_, for urum; and K. and Grundt. read beon gemaene for bam, etc. This
+makes sense. Cf. Ha., p. 89.
+
+l. 2666. Cf. the dat. absolute without preposition.
+
+l. 2681. Naegling; cf. Hrunting, Lafing, and other famous wundor-smietha
+geweorc of the poem.
+
+l. 2687. B. changes þonne into þone (rel. pro.) = _which_.--_Beit._ xii.
+105.
+
+l. 2688. B. supports the MS. reading, wundum.
+
+l. 2688. Cf. l. 2278 for similar language.
+
+l. 2698. B. (_Beit._ xii. 105) renders: "he did not heed the head of the
+dragon (which Beowulf with his sword had struck without effect), but he
+struck the dragon somewhat further down." Cf. Saxo, vi. p. 272.
+
+l. 2698. Cf. the language used at ll. 446 and 1373, where hafelan also
+occurs; and hydan.
+
+l. 2700. hwene; cf. Lowl. Sc. _wheen_, a number; Chaucer's _woon_, number.
+
+l. 2702. S. proposes þa (for þaet) þaet fyr, etc., = _when the fire began_,
+etc.
+
+l. 2704. "The (hup)-seax has often been found in Saxon graves on the hip of
+the skeleton."--E.
+
+l. 2707. Kl. proposes: feorh ealne wraec, = _drove out all the life_; cf.
+_Gen._ l. 1385.--_Beit._ ix. 192. S. suggests gefylde,--_he felled the
+foe_, etc.--_Ibid_. Parentheses seem unnecessary.
+
+l. 2727. daeg-hwil = _time allotted, lifetime_.
+
+l. 2745, 2745. Ho. removes geong from the beginning of l. 2745 and places
+it at the end of l. 2744.
+
+l. 2750. R. proposes sigle searogimmas, as at l. 1158.
+
+l. 2767. (1) B. proposes doubtfully oferhigean or oferhigan, = Goth,
+_ufarhauhjan_, p. p. _ufarhauhids_ (Gr. [Greek: tuphwtheis]) = _exceed in
+value_.--_Tidskr_. viii. 60. (2) Kl. proposes oferhydian, = _to make
+arrogant, infatuate_; cf. oferhyd.--_Beit._ ix. 192.
+
+l. 2770. gelocen leoethocraeftum = (1) _spell-bound_ (Th., Arnold, E.); (2)
+_wrought with hand-craft_ (G.); (3) _meshed, linked together_ (H., Ho.);
+cf. _Elene_, ll. 1251, 522.
+
+l. 2778. B. considers bill ... ealdhlafordes as Beowulf's short sword, with
+which he killed the dragon, l. 2704 (_Tidskr_. viii. 299). R. proposes
+ealdhlaforde. Muellenh. understands ealdhlaford to mean the former possessor
+of the hoard. W. agrees to this, but conceives aergescod as a compd. = aere
+calceatus, _sheathed in brass_. Ha. translates aergescod as vb. and adv.
+
+l. 2791. Cf. l. 224, eoletes aet ende; landes aet ende, _Exod_. (Hunt).
+
+l. 2792. MS. reads waeteres weorpan, which R. would change to waetere
+sweorfan.
+
+l. 2806. "Men saw from its height the whales tumbling in the waves, and
+called it Whale's Ness (Hrones-naes)."--Br. p. 28. Cf. l. 3137.
+
+l. 2815. Wiglaf was the next of kin, the last of the race, and hence the
+recipient of Beowulf's kingly insignia. There is a possible play on the
+word laf (Wig-_laf_, ende-_laf_).
+
+l. 2818. gingeste word; cf. _novissima verba_, and Ger. _juengst_, lately.
+
+l. 2837. E. translates on lande, _in the world_, comparing _on life, on
+worulde_.
+
+l. 2840. geraesde = pret. of geraesan (omitted from the Gloss.), same as
+raesan; cf. l. 2691.
+
+l. 2859. B. proposes deaeth araedan, = _determine death_.--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2861. Change geongum to geongan as a scribal error (?), but cf.
+Lichtenheld, _Haupts Zeitschr._ xvi. 353-355.
+
+l. 2871. S. and W. propose ower.--_Beit._ ix. 142.
+
+l. 2873. S. punctuates: wraethe forwurpe, þa, etc.
+
+l. 2874. H.-So. begins a new sentence with nealles, ending the preceding
+one with beget.
+
+l. 2879. aetgifan = _to render, to afford_; omitted in Gloss.
+
+ll. 2885-2892. "This passage ... equals the passage in Tacitus which
+describes the tie of chief to companion and companion to chief among the
+Germans, and which recounts the shame that fell on those who survived their
+lord."--Br., p. 56.
+
+l. 2886. cyn thus has the meaning of _gens_ or clan, just as in many
+Oriental towns all are of one blood. E. compares Tacitus, _Germania_, 7;
+and cf. "kith and kin."
+
+l. 2892. Death is preferable to dishonor. Cf. Kemble, _Saxons_, i. 235.
+
+l. 2901. The _[Greek: angelos]_ begins his _[Greek: angelia]_ here.
+
+l. 2910. S. proposes higemeethe, _sad of soul;_ cf. ll. 2853 and 2864
+(_Beit._ ix. 142). B. considers higemeethum a dat. or instr. pl. of an
+abstract in -u (_Beit._ xii. 106). H. makes it a dat. pl. = _for the dead_.
+For heafod-wearde, etc., cf. note on l. 446.
+
+l. 2920-2921. B. explains "he could not this time, as usual, give jewels to
+his followers."--_Beit._ xii. 106.
+
+l. 2922. The Merovingian or Frankish race.
+
+l. 2940 _seq._ B. conjectures:
+
+    cwaeeth hie on mergenne      meces ecgum
+    getan wolde,      sumon galgtreowu
+    aheawan on holte      ond hie ahoan on þa
+    fuglum to gamene.
+
+--_Beit._ xii. 107, 372. Cf. S., _Beit._ ix. 143. getan = _cause blood to
+be shed._
+
+l. 2950. B. proposes gomela for goda; "a surprising epithet for a Geat to
+apply to the 'terrible' Ongentheow."--Ha. p. 99. But "good" does not
+necessarily mean "morally excellent," as a "good" hater, a "good" fighter.
+
+l. 2959. See H.-So. for an explanatory quotation from Paulus Diaconus, etc.
+B., K., and Th. read segn Higelaces, = H.'s banner uplifted began to pursue
+the Swede-men.--_Beit._ xii. 108. S. suggests saece, = _pursuit_.
+
+l. 2977. gewyrpton: this vb. is also used reflexively in _Exod_. (Hunt), l.
+130: wyrpton hie werige.
+
+l. 2989. baer is Grundt.'s reading, after the MS. "The surviving victor is
+the heir of the slaughtered foe."--H.-So. Cf. _Hildebrands Lied_, ll. 61,
+62.
+
+l. 2995. "A hundred of thousands in land and rings" (Ha., p. 100). Cf. ll.
+2196, 3051. Cf. B., _Beit._ xii. 20, who quotes Saxo's _bis senas gentes_
+and remarks: "Hrolf Kraki, who rewards his follower, for the slaying of the
+foreign king, with jewels, rich lands, and his only daughter's hand,
+answers to the Jutish king Hygelac, who rewards his liegeman, for the
+slaying of Ongentheow, with jewels, enormous estates, and _his_ only
+daughter's hand."
+
+l. 3006. H.-So. suggests Scilfingas for Scyldingas, because, at l. 2397,
+Beowulf kills the Scylfing Eadgils and probably acquires his lands. Thus
+ll. 3002, 3005, 3006, would indicate that, after Beowulf's death, the
+Swedes desired to shake off his hated yoke. Muellenh., however, regards l.
+3006 as a thoughtless repetition of l. 2053.--_Haupts Zeitschr._ xiv. 239.
+
+l. 3008. Cf. the same proverb at l. 256; and _Exod._ (Hunt.) l. 293.
+
+l. 3022. E. quotes:
+
+    "Thai token an harp _gle and game_
+    And maked a lai and yaf it name."
+                --_Weber_, l. 358.
+
+and from Percy, "The word _glee_, which peculiarly denoted their art (the
+minstrels'), continues still in our own language ... it is to this day used
+in a musical sense, and applied to a peculiar piece of composition."
+
+l. 3025. "This is a finer use than usual of the common poetic attendants of
+a battle, the wolf, the eagle, and the raven. The three are here like three
+Valkyrie, talking of all that they have done."--Br., p. 57.
+
+l. 3033. Cf. Hunt's _Dan._ l. 731, for similar language.
+
+l. 3039. B. supplies a supposed gap here:
+
+    [banan eac fundon      bennum seocne
+    (ne) aer hi þaem      gesegan syllicran wiht]
+    wyrm on wonge...
+             --_Beit._ xii. 372.
+
+Cf. Ha., p. 102. W. and Ho. insert [þaer] before gesegan.
+
+l. 3042. Cf. l. 2561, where gryre-giest occurs as an epithet of the dragon.
+B. proposes gry[re-fah].
+
+l. 3044. lyft-wynne, _in the pride of the air_, E.; _to rejoice in the
+air_, Ha.
+
+l. 3057. (1) He (God) is men's hope; (2) he is the heroes' hope; (3) gehyld
+= the secret place of enchanters; cf. helsmanna gehyld, Gr.'s reading,
+after A.-S. haelsere, haruspex, augur.
+
+l. 3060. B. suggests gehyethde, = _plundered_ (i.e. by the thief), for
+gehydde.
+
+ll. 3063-3066. (1) B. suggests wundur [deaethe] hwar þonne eorl ellenrof ende
+gefere = _let a brave man then somewhere meet his end by wondrous venture_,
+etc.--_Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 241; cf. l. 3038. (2) S. supposes an indirect
+question introduced by hwar and dependent upon wundur, = _a mystery is it
+when it happens that the hero is to die, if he is no longer to linger among
+his people_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. (3) Muellenh. suggests: _is it to be wondered
+at that a man should die when he can no longer live?_--_Zachers Zeitschr._
+xiv. 241. (4) Possibly thus:
+
+                         Wundraeth hwaet þonne,
+    eorl ellen-rof,      ende gefere
+    lif-gesceafta,      þonne leng ne maeg (etc.),
+
+in which hwaet would = þurh hwaet at l. 3069, and eorl would be subject of
+the conjectural vb. wundraeth: "the valiant earl wondereth then through what
+he shall attain his life's end, when he no longer may live.... So Beowulf
+knew not (wondered how) through what _his_ end should come," etc. W. and
+Ho. join þonne to the next line. Or, for hwar read waere: Wundur waere þonne
+(= gif), etc., = "would it be any wonder if a brave man," etc., which is
+virtually Muellenhoff's.
+
+l. 3053. galdre bewunden, _spell-bound_, throws light on l. 2770, gelocen
+leoetho-craeftum. The "accursed" gold of legend is often dragon-guarded and
+placed under a spell. Even human ashes (as Shakespeare's) are thus banned.
+ll. 3047-3058 recall the so-called "Treasury of Atreus."
+
+l. 3073. herh, hearh, _temple_, is conjectured by E. to survive in _Harrow.
+Temple, barrow_, etc., have thus been raised to proper names. Cf. Biowulfes
+biorh of l. 2808.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. has strude, = _ravage_, and compares l. 3127. MS. has
+strade. S. suggests stride, = _tread_.
+
+l. 3074. H.-So. omits stradan, = _tread, stride over_, from the Gloss.,
+referring ll. 3174 and 3074 to strudan, q. v.
+
+l. 3075. S. proposes: naes he goldhwaetes gearwor haefde, etc., = _Beowulf had
+not before seen the greedy possessor's favor_.--_Beit._ ix. 143. B. reads,
+goldhwaete gearwor haefde, etc., making goldhwaete modify est, = _golden
+favor_; but see _Beit._ xii. 373, for B.'s later view.
+
+l. 3086-3087. B. translates, "that which (i.e. the treasure) drew the king
+thither was granted indeed, but it overwhelmed us."--_Beit._ xii. 109.
+
+l. 3097. B. and S. propose aefter wine deadum, = _in memory of the dead
+friend_.--_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3106. The brad gold here possibly includes the iu-monna gold of l. 3053
+and the wunden gold of l. 3135. E. translates brad by _bullion_.
+
+l. 3114. B. supposes folc-agende to be dat. sg. to godum, referring to
+Beowulf.
+
+l. 3116. C. considers weaxan, = Lat. _vescor_, to devour, as a parallel to
+fretan, and discards parentheses.--_Beit._ viii. 573.
+
+l. 3120. fus = _furnished with_; a meaning which must be added to those in
+the Gloss.
+
+ll. 3124-3125. S. proposes:
+
+    eode eahta sum      under inwit-hrof
+    hilderinca:      sum on handa baer, etc.
+                            --_Beit._ ix. 144.
+
+l. 3136. H.-So. corrects (after B.) to aeetheling_c_, the MS. having _e_.
+
+l. 3145. "It was their [the Icelanders'] belief that the higher the smoke
+rose in the air the more glorious would the burnt man be in heaven."--
+_Ynglinga Saga_, 10 (quoted by E.). Cf. the funeral pyre of Herakles.
+
+l. 3146-3147. B. conjectures:
+
+                   ... swogende lec
+    wope bewunden      windblonda leg
+
+(lec from lacan, see Gloss.).--_Beit._ xii. 110. Why not windblonda lac?
+
+l. 3147. Muellenhoff rejected wind-blond gelaeg because a great fire raises
+rather than "lays" the wind; hence B., as above, = "swoughing sported the
+flame wound with the howling of wind-currents."
+
+l. 3151 _seq._ B. restores conjecturally:
+
+    swylce giomor-gyd      sio geo-meowle
+    [aefter Beowulfe]      bunden-heorde
+    [song] sorg-cearig,      saede geneahhe,
+    þaet hio hyre [hearm-]dagas      hearde on [dr]ede,
+    waelfylla worn,      [w]igendes egesan,
+    hy[n]etho ond haeftnyd,      heof on rice wealg.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 100.
+
+Here geo-meowle = _old woman_ or _widow;_ bunden-heorde = _with bound
+locks;_ heof = _lamentation;_ cf. l. 3143. on rice wealg is less preferable
+than the MS. reading, heofon rece swealg = _heaven swallowed the smoke_.--
+H.-So. B. thinks Beowulf's widow (geomeowle) was probably Hygd; cf. ll.
+2370, 3017-3021.
+
+l. 3162. H.-So. reads (with MS.) bronda be lafe, for betost, and omits
+colon after becn. So B., _Zachers Zeitschr._ iv. 224.
+
+l. 3171. E. quotes Gibbon's accounts of the burial of Attila when the
+"chosen squadrons of the Hun, wheeling round in measured evolutions,
+chanted a funeral song to the memory of a hero."
+
+ll. 3173-3174. B. proposes:
+
+    woldon gen cwiethan      [ond] kyning
+    wordgyd wrecan      ond ymb wel sprecan.
+                   --_Beit._ xii. 112.
+
+l. 3183. Z., K., Th. read manna for mannum.
+
+l. 3184. "It is the English ideal of a hero as it was conceived by an
+Englishman some twelve hundred years ago."--Br., p. 18.
+
+
+
+NOTES TO THE FIGHT AT FINNSBURG.
+
+The original MS. of this fragment has vanished, but a copy had been made
+and printed by Hickes in his _Thesaurus Linguarum Septentrionalium_, i.
+192. The original was written on a single sheet attached to a codex of
+homilies in the Lambeth Library. Moeller, _Alteng. Epos_, p. 65, places the
+fragment in the Finn episode, between ll. 1146 and 1147. Bugge (_Beit._
+xii. 20) makes it illustrate the conflict in which Hnaef fell, _i.e._ as
+described in _Beowulf_ as antecedent to the events there given. Heinzel
+(_Anzeiger f. d. Altert_.), however, calls attention to the fact that
+Hengest in the fragment is called cyning, whereas in _Beowulf_, l. 1086, he
+is called þegn. See H.-So., p. 125.
+
+"The _Fight at Finnsburg_ and the lays from which our _Beowulf_ was
+composed were, as it seems to me, sung among the English who dwelt in the
+north of Denmark and the south of Sweden, and whose tribal name was the
+Jutes or Goths."--Br., p. 101.
+
+l. 1. R. supposes [hor]nas, and conjectures such an introductory
+conversation as follows: "Is it dawning in the east, or is a fiery dragon
+flying about, or are the turrets of some castle burning?" questions which
+the king negatives in the same order. Then comes the positive declaration,
+"rather they are warriors marching whose armor gleams in the moonlight."
+--_Alt- und Angels. Lesebuch_, 1861. Heinzel and B. conjecture, [beorhtor
+hor]nas byrnaeth naefre. So. G.--_Beit._ xii. 22; _Anzeiger f. d. Altert._ x.
+229.
+
+l. 5. B. conjectures fugelas to mean _arrows_, and supplies:
+
+    ac her foreth beraeth      [fyrdsearu rincas,
+    flacre flanbogan],      fugelas singaeth.
+
+He compares Saxo, p. 95, _cristatis galeis hastisque sonantibus instant_,
+as explanatory of l. 6.--_Beit._ xii. 22. But see Brooke, _Early Eng.
+Literature_, who supposes fugelas = _raven_ and _eagle_, while graeg-hama is
+= _wulf_ (the "grey-coated one"), the ordinary accompaniers of battle.
+
+l. 11. hicgeaeth, etc.: cf. _Maldon_, l. 5; _Exod_. l. 218.
+
+l. 15. Cf. B. (_Beit._ xii. 25), etc., and Saxo, p. 101, for l. 13.
+
+ll. 18-21. H.-So. remarks: "If, according to Moeller and Bugge, Garulf is
+one of the attackers, one of Finn's men, this does not harmonize with his
+character as Guethlaf's son (l. 33), who (l. 16, and _Beowulf_, l. 1149) is a
+Dane, therefore one of Finn's antagonists." B. (_Beit._ xii. 25)
+conjectures:
+
+    þa gyt Guethdene      Garulf styrode,
+    þaet he swa freolic feorh      forman siethe
+    to þaere healle durum      hyrsta ne baere,
+    nu hie nietha heard      anyman wolde;
+
+in which Guethdene is the same as Sigefereth, l. 24; he (l. 22) refers to
+Garulf; and hie (l. 21) to hyrsta.
+
+l. 27. swaeether = _either_ (bad or good, life or death).--H.-So.
+
+l. 29. celod: meaning doubtful; cf. _Maldon_, l. 283. G. renders "curved
+board"; Sw. suggests "round"? "hollow"?
+
+l. 30. B. suggests bar-helm, = _boar-helm._ Cf. Saxo, p. 96.--_Beit._ xii.
+26.
+
+l. 34. B. conjectures: (1) hwearf flacra hraew hraefen, wandrode; (2) hwearf
+flacra hraew hraefen fram oethrum = _flew from one corpse to another_.--_Beit._
+xii. 27.
+
+l. 43. B. supposes wund haeleeth to be a Dane, folces hyrde to be Hnaef, in
+opposition to Holtzmann (_Germania_, viii. 494), who supposes the wounded
+man to be a Frisian, and folces hyrde to be their king, Finn.--_Beit._ xii.
+28.
+
+l. 45. B. adopts Th.'s reading heresceorp unhror = _equipments
+useless_.--_Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+l. 47. "Though wounded, they had retained their strength and activity in
+battle."--B., _Beit._ xii. 28.
+
+
+
+ADDENDA.
+
+ll. 105 and 218. MS. and Ho. read won-saeli and fami-heals.
+
+ll. 143, 183, 186, etc. Read þaem for þaem.
+
+l. 299. MS. reads god-fremmendra. So H.-So.
+
+l. 338. Ho. marks wraec- and its group long.
+
+l. 530. Hwaet should here probably be printed as an interj., hwaet! Cf. ll.
+1, 943, 2249.
+
+l. 2263. Koeppel suggests nis for naes.
+
+The editors are much indebted to E. Koeppel (in _Eng. Stud._ xiii. 3) for
+numerous corrections in text and glossary.
+
+l. 3070. H.-So. begins a new line with swa.
+
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY
+
+A
+
+ac, conj. denoting contrariety: hence 1) _but_ (like N.H.G. sondern), 109,
+135, 339, etc.--2) _but_ (N.H.G. aber), _nevertheless_, 602, 697, etc.--3)
+in direct questions: nonne, numquid, 1991.
+
+aglaeca, ahlaeca, aeglaeca, -cea, w. m. (cf. Goth, aglo, _trouble_, O.N. agi,
+_terror_, + lac, _gift, sport: = misery, vexation, = bringer of trouble_;
+hence): 1) _evil spirit, demon, a demon-like being_; of Grendel, 159, 433,
+593, etc.; of the drake, 2535, 2906, etc.--2) _great hero, mighty warrior_;
+of Sigemund, 894; of Beowulf: gen. sg. aglaecan(?), 1513; of Beowulf and the
+drake: nom. pl. þa aglaecean, 2593.
+
+aglaec-wif, st. n., _demon, devil, in the form of a woman_; of Grendel's
+mother, 1260.
+
+aldor. See ealdor.
+
+al-wealda. See eal-w.
+
+am-biht (from and-b., Goth, and-baht-s), st. m., _servant, man-servant_:
+nom. sg. ombeht, of the coast-guard, 287; ombiht, of Wulfgar, 336.
+
+ambiht-þegn (from ambiht n. officium and þegn, which see), _servant,
+man-servant_: dat. sg. ombiht-þegne, of Beowulf's servant, 674.
+
+an, prep, with the dat., _on, in, with respect to_, 678; _with, among, at,
+upon_ (position after the governed word), 1936; with the acc., 1248.
+Elsewhere on, which see.
+
+ancor, st. m., _anchor_: dat. sg. ancre, 303, 1884.
+
+ancor-bend, m. (?) f. (?), _anchor-cable_: dat. pl. oncer-bendum, 1919.
+
+and, conj. (ond is usual form; for example, 601, 1149, 2041), and 33, 39,
+40, etc. (See Appendix.)
+
+anda, w. m., _excitement, vexation, horror_: dat. wraethum on andan, 709,
+2315.
+
+and-git, st. n., _insight, understanding_: nom. sg., 1060. See gitan.
+
+and-hator, st. m. n., _heat coming against one_: gen. sg. reethes
+and-hattres, 2524.
+
+and-lang, -long, adj., _very long._ hence 1) _at whole length, raised up
+high_: acc. andlongne eorl, 2696 (cf. Bugge upon this point, Zachers
+Ztschr., 4, 217).--2) _continual, entire_; andlangne daeg, 2116, _the whole
+day_; andlonge niht, 2939.
+
+and-lean, st. n., _reward, payment in full_: acc. sg., 1542, 2095 (hand-,
+hond-lean, MS.).
+
+and-risno, st. f. (see risan, surgere, decere), _that which is to be
+observed, that which is proper, etiquette_: dat. pl. for andrysnum,
+_according to etiquette_, 1797.
+
+and-saca, w. m., _adversary_: godes andsaca (Grendel), 787, 1683.
+
+and-slyht, st. m., _blow in return_: acc. sg., 2930, 2973 (MS. both times
+hond-slyht).
+
+and-swaru, st. f., _act of accosting_: 1) to persons coming up, _an
+address_, 2861.--2) in reply to something said, _an answer_, 354, 1494,
+1841.
+
+and-weard, adj., _present, existing_: acc. sg. n. swin ofer helme and-weard
+(_the image of the boar, which stands on his helm_), 1288.
+
+and-wlita, w. m., _countenance_: acc. sg. -an, 690.
+
+an-sund, adj., _entirely unharmed_: nom. sg. m., 1001.
+
+an-syn, f., _the state of being seen_: hence 1) _the exterior, the form_,
+251: ansyn ywde, _showed his form_, i.e. appeared, 2835.--2) _aspect,
+appearance_, 929; on-syn, 2773.
+
+an-walda, w. m., _He who rules over all, God_, 1273. See Note.
+
+atol, adj. (also eatol, 2075, etc.), _hostile, frightful, cruel_: of
+Grendel, 159, 165, 593, 2075, etc.; of Grendel's mother's hands (dat. pl.
+atolan), 1503; of the undulation of the waves, 849; of battle, 597,
+2479.--cf. O.N. atall, fortis, strenuus.
+
+atelic, adj., _terrible, dreadful_: atelic egesa, 785.
+
+
+A
+
+a, adv. (Goth, aiv, acc. from aiv-s aevum), _ever, always_, 455, 882, 931,
+1479: a syethethan, _ever afterwards, ever, ever after_, 283, 2921.--_ever_,
+780.--Comp. na.
+
+ad st. m. _funeral pile_: acc. sg. ad, 3139; dat. sg. ade, 1111, 1115.
+
+ad-faru, st. f., _way to the funeral pile_, dat. sg. on ad-faere, 3011.
+
+adl, st. f. _sickness_, 1737, 1764, 1849.
+
+aeth, st. m., _oath in general_, 2740; _oath of allegiance_, 472 (?); _oath
+of reconciliation of two warring peoples_, 1098, 1108.
+
+aeth-sweord, st. n., _the solemn taking of an oath, the swearing of an oath_:
+nom. pl., 2065. See sweord.
+
+aethum-swerian, m. pl., _son-in-law and father-in-law_: dat. pl., 84.
+
+agan, verb, pret. and pres., _to have, to possess_, w. acc.: III. prs. sg.
+ah, 1728; inf. agan, 1089; prt. ahte, 487, 522, 533; with object, geweald,
+to be supplied, 31. Form contracted with the negative: prs. sg. I. nah hwa
+sweord wege (_I have no one to wield the sword_), 2253.
+
+agen, adj., _own, peculiar_, 2677.
+
+agend (prs. part. of agan), _possessor, owner, lord_: gen. sg. agendes, _of
+God_, 3076.--Compounds: blaed-, bold-, folc-, maegen-agend.
+
+agend-frea, w. m., _owner, lord_: gen. sg. agend-frean, 1884.
+
+ahsian, ge-ahsian, w. v.: 1) _to examine, to find out by inquiring_: pret.
+part. ge-ahsod, 433.--2) _to experience, to endure_: pret. ahsode, 1207;
+pl. ahsodon, 423.
+
+aht, st. n. (contracted from a-wiht, which see), _something, anything_: aht
+cwices, 2315.
+
+an, num. The meaning of this word betrays its apparent demonstrative
+character: 1) _this, that_, 2411, of the hall in the earth mentioned
+before; similarly, 100 (of Grendel; already mentioned), cf. also 2775.--2)
+_one_, a particular one among many, a single one, in numerical sense: ymb
+ane niht (_the next night_), 135; þurh anes craeft, 700; þara anum, 1038; an
+aefter anum, _one for the other_ (Hreethel for Herebeald), 2462: similarly, an
+aefter eallum, 2269; anes hwaet, _some single thing, a part_, 3011; se an
+leoda duguethe, _the one of the heroes of the people_, 2238; anes willan,
+_for the sake of a single one_, 3078, etc.--Hence, again, 3) _alone,
+distinguished_, 1459, 1886.--4) _a_, in the sense of an indefinite article:
+an ... feond, 100; gen. sg. anre bene (or to No.2[?]), 428; an ... draca,
+221l--5) gen. pl. anra, in connection with a pronoun, _single_; anra
+gehwylces, _every single one_, 733; anra gehwylcum, 785. Similarly, the
+dat. pl. in this sense: nemne feaum anum, _except a few single ones_,
+1082.--6) solus, _alone_: in the strong form, 1378, 2965; in the weak form,
+145, 425, 431, 889, etc.; with the gen., ana Geata duguethe, _alone of the
+warriors of the Geatas_, 2658.--7) solitarius, _alone, lonely_, see
+aen.--Comp. nan.
+
+an-feald, adj., _simple, plain, without reserve_: acc. sg. anfealdne
+geþoht, _simple opinion_, 256.
+
+an-genga, -gengea, w. m., _he who goes alone_, of Grendel, 165, 449.
+
+an-haga, w. m., _he who stands alone_, solitarius, 2369.
+
+an-hydig, adj. (like the O.N. ein-rad-r, _of one resolve_, i.e. of firm
+resolve), _of one opinion_, i.e. firm, brave, decided, 2668.
+
+anga, adj. (only in the weak form), _single, only_: acc. sg. angan dohtor,
+375, 2998; angan eaferan, 1548; dat. sg. angan breether, 1263.
+
+an-paeeth, st. m., _lonely way, path_: acc. pl. anpaethas, 1411.
+
+an-raed, adj. (cf. under an-hydig), _of firm resolution, resolved_, 1530,
+1576.
+
+an-tid, st. f., _one time_, i.e. the same time, ymb an-tid oethres dogores,
+_about the same time the second day_ (they sailed twenty-four hours),
+219.--an stands as in an-mod, O.H.G. ein-muoti, _harmonious, of the same
+disposition_.
+
+anunga, adv., _throughout, entirely, wholly_, 635.
+
+ar, st. m., _ambassador, messenger_, 336, 2784.
+
+ar, st. f., 1) _honor, dignity_: arum healdan, _to hold in honor_, 296;
+similarly, 1100, 1183.--2) _favor, grace, support_: acc. sg. are, 1273,
+2607; dat. sg. are, 2379; gen. pl. hwaet ... arna, 1188.--Comp. worold-ar;
+also written aer.
+
+ar-faest, adj., _honorable, upright_, 1169; of Hunfereth (with reference to
+588). See faest.
+
+arian, w. v., (_to be gracious_), _to spare_: III. sg. prs. w. dat. naenegum
+araeth; of Grendel, 599.
+
+ar-staef, st. m.,(elementum honoris), _grace, favor_: dat. pl. mid arstafum,
+317.--_Help, support_: dat. pl. for ar-stafum, _to the assistance_, 382,
+458. See staef.
+
+ater-tear, m., _poisonous drop_: dat. pl. iren ater-tearum fah (steel which
+is dipped in poison or in poisonous sap of plants), 1460.
+
+attor, st. n., _poison_, here of the poison of the dragon's bite: nom.,
+2716.
+
+attor-sceaetha, w. m., _poisonous enemy, of the poisonous dragon_: gen. sg.
+-sceaethan, 2840.
+
+awa, adv. (certainly not the dative, but a reduplicated form of a, which
+see), _ever_: awa to aldre, _for ever and ever_, 956.
+
+
+Ae
+
+aedre, adv., _hastily, directly, immediately_, 77, 354, 3107. [aedre.]
+
+aeethele, adj., _noble_: nom. sg., of Beowulf, 198, 1313; of Beowulf's father,
+263, where it can be understood as well in a moral as in a genealogical
+sense; the latter prevails decidedly in the gen. sg. aeethelan cynnes, 2235.
+
+aeetheling, st. m., _nobleman, man of noble descent_, especially the
+appellation of a man of royal birth; so of the kings of the Danes, 3; of
+Scyld, 33; of Hroethgar, 130; of Sigemund, 889; of Beowulf, 1226, 1245, 1597,
+1816, 2189, 2343, 2375, 2425, 2716, 3136; perhaps also of Daeghrefn,
+2507;--then, in a broader sense, also denoting other noble-born men:
+Aeschere, 1295; Hroethgar's courtiers, 118, 983; Heremod's courtiers, 907;
+Hengest's warriors, 1113; Beowulf's retinue, 1805, 1921, 3172; noble-born
+in general, 2889. --Comp. sib-aeetheling.
+
+aeethelu, st. n., only in the pl., _noble descent, nobility_, in the sense of
+noble lineage: acc. pl. aeethelu, 392; dat. pl. cyning aeethelum god, _the king,
+of noble birth_, 1871; aeethelum diore, _worthy on account of noble lineage_,
+1950; aeethelum (haeleþum, MS.), 332.--Comp. faeder-aeethelu.
+
+aefnan, w. v. w. acc., _to perform, to carry out, to accomplish_: inf.
+ellen-weorc aefnan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1465; pret. unriht aefnde,
+_perpetrated wrong_, 1255.
+
+ge-aefnan, 1) _to carry out, to do, to accomplish_: pret. pl. þaet geaefndon
+swa, _so carried that out_, 538; pret. part. aeth waes geaefned, _the oath was
+sworn_, 1108.--2) _get ready, prepare_: pret. part. geaefned, 3107. See
+efnan.
+
+aefter (comparative of af, Ags. of, which see; hence it expresses the idea
+of _forth, away, from, back_), a) adv., _thereupon, afterwards_, 12, 341,
+1390, 2155.--ic him aefter sceal, _I shall go after them_, 2817; in word
+aefter cwaeeth, 315, the sense seems to be, _spoke back, having turned_; b)
+prep. w. dat., 1) (temporal) _after_, 119, 128, 187, 825, 1939, etc.; aefter
+beorne, _after the_ (death of) _the hero_, 2261, so 2262; aefter
+maethethum-welan, _after_ (obtaining) _the treasure_, 2751.--2) (causal) as
+proceeding from something, denoting result and purpose, hence, _in
+consequence of, conformably to_: aefter rihte, _in accordance with right_,
+1050, 2111; aefter faroethe, _with the current_, 580; so 1321, 1721, 1944,
+2180, etc., aefter heaetho-swate, _in consequence of the blood of battle_,
+1607; aefter waelniethe, _in consequence of mortal enmity_, 85; _in accordance
+with, on account of, after, about_: aefter aeethelum (haeleþum, MS.)fraegn,
+_asked about the descent_, 332; ne frin þu aefter saelum, _ask not after my
+welfare_, 1323; aefter sincgyfan greoteeth, _weeps for the giver of treasure_,
+1343; him aefter deorum men dyrne langaeth, _longs in secret for the dear
+man_, 1880; an aefter anum, _one for the other_, 2462, etc.--3) (local),
+_along_: aefter gumcynnum, _throughout the races of men, among men_, 945;
+sohte bed aefter burum, _sought a bed among the rooms of the castle_ (the
+castle was fortified, the hall was not), 140; aefter recede wlat, _looked
+along the hall_, 1573; stone aefter stane, _smelt along the rocks_, 2289;
+aefter lyfte, _along the air through the air_, 2833; similarly, 996, 1068,
+1317, etc.
+
+aef-þunca, w. m., _anger, chagrin, vexatious affair_: nom., 502.
+
+aeglaecea. See aglaecea.
+
+aeled (Old Sax. eld, O.N. edl-r), st. m., _fire_, 3016. [aeled.]
+
+aeled-leoma, w. m., _(fire-light), torch_: acc. sg. leoman, 3126. See leoma.
+
+ael-fylce (from ael-, Goth. ali-s, [Greek: allos], and fylce, O.N. fylki,
+collective form from folc), st. n., _other folk, hostile army_: dat. pl.
+wieth aelfylcum, 2372.
+
+ael-mihtig (for eal-m.), adj., _almighty_: nom. sg. m., of the weak form, se
+ael-mihtiga, 92.
+
+ael-wiht, st. m., _being of another species, monster_: gen. pl. ael-wihta
+eard, of the dwelling-place of Grendel's kindred, 1501.
+
+aeppel-fealu, adj., _dappled sorrel_, or _apple-yellow_: nom. pl.
+aeppel-fealuwe mearas, _apple-yellow steeds_, 2166.
+
+aern, st. n., _house_, in the compounds heal-, hord-, medo-, þryeth-, win-aern.
+
+aesc, st. m., _ash_ (does not occur in Beowulf in this sense), _lance,
+spear_, because the shaft consists of ash wood: dat. pl. (qua instr.) aescum
+and ecgum, _with spears and swords_, 1773.
+
+aesc-holt, st. n., _ash wood, ashen shaft_: nom. pl. aesc-holt ufan graeg,
+_the ashen shafts gray above_ (spears with iron points), 330.
+
+aesc-wiga, w. m., _spear-fighter, warrior armed with the spear_: nom. sg.,
+2043.
+
+aet, prep. w. dat., with the fundamental meaning of nearness to something,
+hence 1) local, a) _with, near, at, on, in_ (rest): aet hyethe, in _harbor_,
+32; aet symle, _at the meal_, 81, aet ade, _on the funeral-pile_, 1111, 1115;
+aet þe anum, _with thee alone_, 1378; aet wige, _in the fight_, 1338; aet
+hilde, 1660, 2682; aet aete, _in eating_, 3027, etc. b) _to, towards, at, on_
+(motion to): deaethes wylm hran aet heortan, _seized upon the heart_, 2271;
+geheton aet haergtrafum, _vowed at_ (or _to_) _the temples of the gods_, 175.
+c) with verbs of taking away, _away from_ (as starting from near an
+object): geþeah þaet ful aet Wealhþeon, _took the cup from W_., 630; fela ic
+gebad grynna aet Grendle, _from Grendel_, 931; aet minum faeder genam, _took
+me from my father to himself_, 2430.--2) temporal, _at, in, at the time
+of_: aet frumsceafte, _in the beginning_, 45; aet ende, _at an end_, 224;
+fand sinne dryhten ealdres aet ende, _at the end of life, dying_, 2791;
+similarly, 2823; aet feohgyftum, _in giving gifts_, 1090; aet siethestan,
+_finally_, 3014.
+
+aet-graepe, adj., _laying hold of_, prehendens, 1270.
+
+aet-rihte, adv., _almost_, 1658.
+
+
+AE
+
+aedre, edre, st. f., _aqueduct, canal_ (not in Beow.), _vein_ (not in
+Beow.), _stream, violent pouring forth_: dat. pl. swat aedrum sprong, _the
+blood sprang in streams_, 2967; blod edrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743.
+
+aeethm, st. m., _breath, gasp, snort_: instr. sg. hreether aeethme weoll, _the
+breast_ (of the drake) _heaved with snorting_, 2594.
+
+aefen, st. m., _evening_, 1236.
+
+aefen-gram, adj., _hostile at evening, night-enemy_: nom. sg. m. aefen-grom,
+of Grendel, 2075.
+
+aefen-leoht, st. n., _evening-light_: nom. sg., 413.
+
+aefen-raest, st. f., _evening-rest_: acc. sg. -raeste, 647, 1253.
+
+aefen-spraec, st. f., _evening-talk_: acc. sg. gemunde ...aefen-spraece,
+_thought about what he had spoken in the evening_, 760.
+
+aefre, adv., _ever, at any time_, 70, 280, 504, 693, etc.: in negative
+sentences, aefre ne, _never_, 2601.--Comp. naefre.
+
+aeg-hwa (O.H.G. eo-ga-hwer), pron., _every, each_: dat. sg. aeghwaem, 1385.
+The gen. sg. in adverbial sense, _in all, throughout, thoroughly_: aeghwaes
+untaele, _thoroughly blameless_, 1866; aeghwaes unrim, _entirely innumerable
+quantity_, i.e. an enormous multitude, 2625, 3136.
+
+aeg-hwaeether (O.H.G. eo-ga-hwedar): 1) _each_ (of two): nom. sg. haefde
+aeghwaeether ende gefered, _each of the two_ (Beowulf and the drake) _had
+reached the end_, 2845; dat. sg. aeghwaeethrum waes broga fram oethrum, _to each
+of the two_ (Beowulf and the drake) _was fear of the other_, 2565; gen. sg.
+aeghwaeethres ... worda and worca, 287.--2) _each_ (of several): dat. sg. heora
+aeghwaeethrum, 1637.
+
+aeg-hwaer, adv., _everywhere_, 1060.
+
+aeg-hwilc (O.H.G. eo-gi-hwelih), pron., unusquisque, _every_ (one): 1) used
+as an adj.: acc. sg. m. dael aeghwylcne, 622.--2) as substantive, a) with the
+partitive genitive: nom. sg. aeg-hwylc, 9, 2888; dat. sg. aeghwylcum, 1051.
+b) without gen.: nom. sg. aeghwylc, 985, 988; (waes) aeghwylc oethrum trywe,
+_each one_ (of two) _true to the other_, 1166.
+
+aeg-weard, st. f., _watch on the sea shore_: acc. sg. aeg-wearde, 241.
+
+aeht (abstract form from agan, denoting the state of possessing), st. f.: 1)
+_possession, power_: acc. sg. on flodes aeht, 42; on waeteres aeht, _into the
+power of the water_, 516; on aeht gehwearf Denigea frean, _passed over into
+the possession of a Danish master_, 1680.--2) _property, possessions,
+goods_: acc. pl. aehte, 2249.--Comp. maethm-, gold-aeht.
+
+aeht (O.H.G. ahta), st. f., _pursuit_: nom. þa waes aeht boden Sweona leodum,
+segn Higelace, _then was pursuit offered to the people of the Sweonas,
+(their) banner to Hygelac_ (i.e. the banner of the Swedes, taken during
+their flight, fell into the hands of Hygelac), 2958.
+
+ge-aehtan, w. v., _to prize, to speak in praise of_: pret. part. geaehted,
+1866. [geaehtan.]
+
+ge-aehtla, w. m., or ge-aehtle, w. f., _a speaking of with praise, high
+esteem_: gen. sg. hy ... wyrethe þinceaeth eorla geaehtlan, _seem worthy of the
+high esteem of the noble-born_, 369. [geaehtla.]
+
+aen (oblique form of an), num., _one_: acc. sg. m. þone aenne þone..., _the
+one whom_..., 1054; oftor micle þonne on aenne sieth, _much oftener than one
+time_, 1580; foreth onsendon aenne, _sent him forth alone_, 46.
+
+aene, adv., _once_: oft nalles aene, 3020.
+
+aenig, pron., _one, any one_, 474, 503, 510, 534, etc.: instr. sg. nolde ...
+0nige þinga, _would in no way, not at all_, 792; lyt aenig mearn, _little
+did any one sorrow_ (i.e. no one), 3130.--With the article: naes se
+folccyning ... aenig, _no people's king_, 2735.--Comp. naenig.
+
+aen-lic, adj., _alone, excellent, distinguished_: aenlic ansyn,
+_distinguished appearance_, 251; þeah þe hio aenlicu sy, _though she be
+beautiful_, 1942.
+
+aer (comparative form, from a): 1) adv., _sooner, before, beforehand_, 15,
+656, 695, 758, etc., _for a long time_, 2596; eft swa aer, _again as
+formerly_, 643; aer ne siethethan, _neither sooner nor later_, 719; aer and sieth,
+_sooner and later_ (all times), 2501; no þy aer (_not so much the sooner_),
+_yet not_, 755, 1503, 2082, 2161, 2467.--2) conjunct., _before, ere_: a)
+with the ind.: aer hio to setle geong, 2020. b) w. subjunc.: aer ge fyr
+feran, _before you travel farther_, 252; aer he on hwurfe 164, so 677, 2819;
+aer þon daeg cwome, _ere the day break_, 732; aer correlative to aer adv.: aer
+he feorh seleeth, aldor an ofre, aer he wille ..., _he will sooner_ (rather)
+_leave his life upon the shore, before_ (than) _he will_ ..., 1372.--3)
+prepos. with dat., _before_ aer deaethe, _before death_, 1389; aer daeges hwile,
+_before daybreak_, 2321; aer swylt-daege, _before the day of death_, 2799.
+
+aeror, comp. adv., _sooner, before-hand_, 810; _formerly_, 2655.
+
+aerra, comp. adj., _earlier_; instr. pl., aerran maelum, _in former times_,
+908, 2238, 3036.
+
+aerest, superl.: 1) adv., _first of all, foremost_, 6, 617, 1698, etc.--2)
+as subst. n., _relation to, the beginning_: acc. þaet ic his aerest þe eft
+gesaegde (_to tell thee in what relation it stood at first to the coat of
+mail that has been presented_), 2158. See Note.
+
+aer-daeg, st. m. (_before-day_), _morning-twilight, gray of morning_: dat.
+sg. mid aerdaege, 126; samod aerdaege, 1312, 2943.
+
+aerende, st. n., _errand, trust_: acc. sg., 270, 345.
+
+aer-faeder, st. m., _late father, deceased father_: nom sg. swa his aerfaeder,
+2623.
+
+aer-gestreon, st. n., _old treasure, possessions dating from old times_: acc
+sg., 1758; gen. sg. swylcra fela aergestreona, _much of such old treasure_,
+2233. See gestreon.
+
+aer-geweorc, st. n., _work dating from old times_: nom. sg. enta aer-geweorc,
+_the old work of the giants_ (of the golden sword-hilt from Grendel's
+water-hall), 1680. See geweorc.
+
+aer-god, adj., _good since old times, long invested with dignity_ or
+_advantages_: aeetheling aergod, 130; (eorl) aergod, 1330; iren aergod
+(_excellent sword_), 990, 2587.
+
+aer-wela, w. m., _old possessions, riches dating from old times_: acc. sg.
+aerwelan, 2748. See wela.
+
+aes, st. n., _carcass, carrion_: dat. (instr.) sg. aese, of Aeschere's corpse,
+1333.
+
+aet, st. m., _food, meat_: dat, sg., hu him aet aete speow, _how he fared well
+at meat_, 3027.
+
+aettren (see attor), adj., _poisonous_: waes þaet blod to þaes hat, aettren
+ellorgast, se aer inne swealt, _so hot was the blood, (and) poisonous the
+demon_ (Grendel's mother) _who died therein_, 1618
+
+
+B
+
+bana, bona, w. m., _murderer_, 158, 588, 1103, etc.: acc. sg. bonan
+Ongenþeowes, of Hygelac, although in reality his men slew Ongenþeow (2965
+ff.), 1969. Figuratively of inanimate objects: ne waes ecg bona, 2507; weareth
+wracu Weohstanes bana, 2614.--Comp.: ecg-, feorh-, gast-, hand-, mueth-bana.
+
+bon-gar, st. m. _murdering spear_, 2032.
+
+ge-bannan, st. v. w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the person, _to command,
+to bid_: inf., 74.
+
+bad, st. f., _pledge_, only in comp.: nyd-bad.
+
+ban, st. n., _bone_: dat. sg. on bane (on the bony skin of the drake),
+2579; dat. pl. heals ealne ymbefeng biteran banum (here of the teeth of the
+drake), 2693.
+
+ban-cofa, w. m., "cubile ossium" (Grimm) of the body: dat. sg. -cofan,
+1446.
+
+ban-fag, adj., _variegated with bones_, either with ornaments made of
+bone-work, or adorned with bone, perhaps deer-antlers; of Hroethgar's hall,
+781. The last meaning seems the more probable.
+
+ban-faet, st. n., _bone-vessel_, i.e. the body: acc. pl. ban-fatu, 1117.
+
+ban-hring, st. m., _the bone-structure, joint, bone-joint_: acc. pl. hire
+wieth halse ... banhringas braec (_broke her neck-joint_), 1568.
+
+ban-hus, st. n., _bone-house_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. banhus gebraec, 2509;
+similarly, 3148.
+
+ban-loca, w. m., _the enclosure of the bones_, i.e. the body: acc. sg. bat
+banlocan, _bit the body_, 743; nom. pl. burston banlocan, _the body burst_
+(of Grendel, because his arm was torn out), 819.
+
+bat, st. m., _boat, craft, ship_, 211.--Comp. sae-bat.
+
+bat-weard, st. m., _boat-watcher, he who keeps watch over the craft._ dat.
+sg. -wearde, 1901.
+
+baeeth, st. n., _bath_: acc. sg. ofer ganotes baeeth, _over the diver's bath_
+(i.e. the sea), 1862.
+
+baernan, w. v., _to cause to burn, to burn_: inf. het ... banfatu baernan,
+_bade that the bodies be burned_, 1117; ongan ... beorht hofu baernan,
+_began to consume the splendid country-seats_ (the dragon), 2314.
+
+for-baernan, w. v., _consume with fire_: inf. hy hine ne moston ...
+brondefor-baernan, _they_ (the Danes) _could not burn him_ (the dead
+Aeschere) _upon the funeral-pile_, 2127.
+
+baedan (Goth, baidjan, O.N. beethia), _to incite, to encourage_: pret. baedde
+byre geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+ge-baedan, w. v., _to press hard_: pret. part. bysigum gebaeded, _distressed
+by trouble, difficulty, danger_ (of battle), 2581; _to drive, to send
+forth_: straela storm strengum gebaeded, _the storm of arrows sent with
+strength_, 3118; _overcome_: draca ... bealwe gebaeded, _the dragon ...
+overcome by the ills of battle_, 2827.
+
+bael (O.N. bal), st. n., _fire, flames_: (wyrm) mid baele for, _passed
+(through the air) with fire_, 2309; haefde landwara lige befangan, baele and
+bronde, _with fire and burning_, 2323.--Especially, _the fire of the
+funeral-pile, the funeral-pile_, 1110, 1117, 2127; aer he bael cure, _ere he
+sought the burning_ (i.e. died), 2819; hataeth ... hlaew gewyrcean ... aefter
+baele, _after I am burned, let a burial mound be thrown up_ (Beowulf's
+words), 2804.
+
+bael-fyr, st. n., _bale-fire, fire of the funeral-pile_: gen. pl. baelfyra
+maest, 3144.
+
+bael-stede, st. m., _place for the funeral-pile_: dat. sg. in bael=stede,
+3098.
+
+bael-wudu, st. m., _wood for the funeral-pile_, 3113.
+
+baer, st. f., _bier_, 3106.
+
+ge-baeran, w. v., _to conduct one's self, behave_: inf. w. adv., ne gefraegen
+ic þa maegethe ... sel gebaeran, _I did not hear that a troop bore itself
+better, maintained a nobler deportment_, 1013; he on eorethan geseah þone
+leofestan lifes aet ende bleate gebaeran, _saw the best-beloved upon the
+earth, at the end of his life, struggling miserably_ (i.e. in a helpless
+situation), 2825.
+
+ge-baetan (denominative from baete, _the bit_), w. v., _to place the bit in
+the mouth of an animal, to bridle_: pret. part. þa waes Hroethgare hors
+gebaeted, 1400.
+
+be, prep. w. dat. (with the fundamental meaning _near_, "but not of one
+direction, as aet, but more general"): 1) local, _near by, near, at, on_
+(rest): be ydlafe uppe laegon, _lay above, upon the deposit of the waves_
+(upon the strand, of the slain nixies), 566; haefde be honda, _held by the
+hand_ (Beowulf held Grendel), 815; be saem tweonum, _in the circuit of both
+the seas_, 859, 1686; be maeste, _on the mast_, 1906; by fyre, _by the
+fire_, 2220; be naesse, _at the promontory_, 2244; saet be þaem gebroethrum
+twaem, _sat by the two brothers_, 1192; waes se gryre laessa efne swa micle
+swa bieth maegetha craeft be waepnedmen, _the terror was just so much less, as is
+the strength of woman to the warrior_ (i.e. is valued by), 1285, etc.--2)
+also local, but of motion from the subject in the direction of the object,
+_on, upon, by_: gefeng be eaxle, _seized by the shoulder_, 1538; aledon
+leofne þeoden be maeste, _laid the dear lord near the mast_, 36; be healse
+genam, _took him by the neck, fell upon his neck_, 1873; waepen hafenade be
+hiltum, _grasped the weapon by the hilt_, 1757, etc.--3) with this is
+connected the causal force, _on account of, for, according to_: ic þis gid
+be þe awraec, _I spake this solemn speech for thee, for thy sake_, 1724; þu
+þe laer be þon, _learn according to this, from this_, 1723; be faeder lare,
+_according to her father's direction_, 1951.--4) temporal, _while, during_:
+be þe lifigendum, _while thou livest, during thy life_, 2666. See bi.
+
+bed, st. n., _bed, couch_: acc. sg. bed, 140, 677; gen. sg. beddes, 1792;
+dat. pl. beddum, 1241.--Comp: deaeth-, hlin-, laeger-, morethor-, wael-bed.
+
+ge-bedde, w. f., _bed-fellow_: dat. sg. wolde secan ewen to gebeddan,
+_wished to seek the queen as bed-fellow, to go to bed with her_,
+666.--Comp. heals-gebedde.
+
+begen, fem. ba, _both_: nom. m., 536, 770, 2708; acc. fem. on ba healfa,
+_on two sides_ (i.e. Grendel and his mother), 1306; dat. m. bam, 2197; and
+in connection with the possessive instead of the personal pronoun, urum
+bam, 2661; gen. n. bega, 1874, 2896; bega gehwaeethres, _each one of the two_,
+1044; bega folces, of _both peoples_, 1125.
+
+ge-belgan, st. v. (properly, _to cause to swell, to swell_), _to irritate_:
+w. dat. (pret. subj.) þaet he ecean dryhtne bitre gebulge, _that he had
+bitterly angered the eternal Lord_, 2332; pret. part. gebolgen, 1540;
+(gebolge, MS.), 2222; pl. gebolgne, 1432; more according to the original
+meaning in torne gebolgen, 2402.
+
+a-belgan, _to anger_: pret. sg. w. acc. oeth þaet hyne an abealh mon on mode,
+_till a man angered him in his heart_, 2281; pret. part. abolgen, 724.
+
+ben, st. f., _wound_: acc. sg. benne, 2725.--Comp.: feorh-, seax-ben.
+
+benc, st. f., _bench_: nom. sg. benc, 492; dat. sg. bence, 327, 1014, 1189,
+1244.--Comp.: ealu-, medu-benc.
+
+benc-sweg, st. m., (_bench-rejoicing_), _rejoicing which resounds from the
+benches_, 1162.
+
+benc-þel, st. n., _bench-board, the wainscotted space where the benches
+stand_: nom. pl. benc-þelu, 486; acc. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the
+bench-boards_ (i.e. by taking away the benches, so as to prepare couches),
+1240.
+
+bend, st. m. f., _bond, fetter_: acc. sg. forstes bend, _frost's bond_,
+1610; dat. pl. bendum, 978.--Comp.: fyr-, hell-, hyge-, iren-, oncer-,
+searo-, wael-bend.
+
+ben-geat, st. n., (_wound-gate_), _wound-opening_: nom. pl. ben-geato,
+1122.
+
+bera (O.N. beri), w. m., _bearer_: in comp. hleor-bera.
+
+beran, st. v. w. acc., _to carry_; III. sg. pres. byreeth, 296, 448; þone
+maethethum byreeth, _carries the treasure_ (upon his person), 2056; pres. subj.
+bere, 437; pl. beren, 2654; inf. beran, 48, 231, 291, etc.; heht þa se
+hearda Hrunting beran, _to bring Hrunting_, 1808; up beran, 1921; in beran,
+2153; pret. baer, 495, 712, 847, etc.; mandryhtne baer faeted waege, _brought
+the lord the costly vessel_, 2282; pl. baeron, 213, 1636, etc.; baeran, 2851;
+pret. part. boren, 1193, 1648, 3136.--The following expressions are poetic
+paraphrases of the forms _go, come_: þaet we rondas beren eft to earde,
+2654; gewitaeth foreth beran waepen and gewaedu, 291; ic gefraegn sunu Wihstanes
+hringnet beran, 2755; wigheafolan baer, 2662; helmas baeron, 240
+(conjecture); scyldas baeran, 2851: they lay stress upon the connection of
+the man with his weapons.
+
+aet-beran, _to carry to_: inf. to beadulace (_battle_) aetberan, 1562; pret.
+þa hine on morgentid on Heaethoraemas holm up aetbaer, _the sea bore him up to
+the Heaethoraemas_, 519; hio Beowulfe medoful aetbaer _brought Beowulf the
+mead-cup_, 625; maegenbyrethenne ... hider ut aetbaer cyninge minum, _bore the
+great burden hither to my king_, 3093; pl. hi hyne aetbaeron to brimes
+faroethe, 28.
+
+for-beran, _to hold, to suppress_: inf. þaet he þone breostwylm forberan ne
+mehte, _that he could not suppress the emotions of his breast_, 1878.
+
+ge-beran, _to bring forth, to bear_: pret. part. þaet la maeg secgan se þe
+soeth and riht fremeeth on folce ... þaet þes eorl waere geboren betera (_that
+may every just man of the people say, that this nobleman is better born_),
+1704.
+
+oeth-beran, _to bring hither_: pret. þa mec sae oethbaer on Finna land, 579.
+
+on-beran (O.H.G. in beran, intperan, but in the sense of carere), auferre,
+_to carry off, to take away_: inf. iren aergod þaet þaes ahlaecan blodge
+beadufolme onberan wolde, _excellent sword which would sweep off the bloody
+hand of the demon_, 991; pret. part. (waes) onboren beaga hord, _the
+treasure of the rings had been carried off_, 2285.--Compounds with the
+pres. part.: helm-, sawl-berend.
+
+berian (denominative from baer, _naked_), w. v., _to make bare, to clear_:
+pret. pl. bencþelu beredon, _cleared the bench-place_ (by removing the
+benches), 1240.
+
+berstan, st. v., _to break, to burst_: pret. pl. burston banlocan, 819;
+bengeato burston, 1122.--_to crack, to make the noise of breaking_: fingras
+burston, _the fingers cracked_ (from Beowulf's gripe), 761.
+
+for-berstan, _break, to fly asunder_: pret. Naegling forbaerst, _Naegling_
+(Beowulf's sword) _broke in two_, 2681.
+
+betera, adj. (comp.), _better_: nom. sg. m. betera, 469, 1704.
+
+bet-lic, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. n., of Hroethgar's hall, 781;
+of Hygelac's residence, 1926.
+
+betst, betost (superl.), _best, the best_: nom. sg. m. betst beadurinca,
+1110; neut. nu is ofost betost, þaet we ..., _now is haste the best, that
+we..._, 3008; voc. m. secg betsta, 948; neut. acc. beaduscruda betst, 453;
+acc. sg. m. þegn betstan, 1872.
+
+becn, st. n., _(beacon), token, mark, sign_: acc. sg. betimbredon
+beadu-rofes becn (of Beowulf's grave-mound), 3162. See beacen.
+
+beg. See beag.
+
+ben, st. f., _entreaty_: gen. sg. bene, 428, 2285.
+
+bena, w. m., _suppliant_, supplex: nom. sg. swa þu bena eart (_as thou
+entreatest_), 352; swa he bena waes (_as he had asked_), 3141; nom. pl. hy
+benan synt, 364.
+
+ge-betan: 1) _to make good, to remove_: pret. ac þu Hroethgare widcuethne wean
+wihte gebettest, _hast thou in any way relieved Hroethgar of the evil known
+afar_, 1992; pret. part. acc. sg. swylce oncyethethe ealle gebette, _removed
+all trouble_, 831. --2) _to avenge_: inf. wihte ne meahte on þam feorhbonan
+faehethe gebetan, _could in no way avenge the death upon the slayer_, 2466.
+
+beadu, st. f., _battle, strife, combat_: dat. sg. (as instr.) beadwe, _in
+combat_, 1540; gen. pl. bad beadwa ge-þinges, _waited for the combats_
+(with Grendel) _that were in store for him_, 710.
+
+beadu-folm, st. f., _battle-hand_: acc. sg. -folme, of Grendel's hand, 991.
+
+beado-grima, w. m., _(battle-mask), helmet_: acc. pl. -griman, 2258.
+
+beado-hraegl, st. n., _(battle-garment), corselet, shirt of mail_, 552.
+
+beadu-lac, st. n., (_exercise in arms, tilting_), _combat, battle_: dat.
+sg. to beadu-lace, 1562.
+
+beado-leoma, w. m., (_battle-light_), _sword_: nom. sg., 1524.
+
+beado-mece, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. beado-mecas, 1455.
+
+beado-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: gen. pl. betst beadorinca,
+1110.
+
+beadu-rof, adj., _strong in battle_: gen. sg. -rofes, of Beowulf, 3162.
+
+beadu-run, st. f., _mystery of battle_: acc. sg. onband beadu-rune, _solved
+the mystery of the combat_, i.e. gave battle, commenced the fight, 501.
+
+beadu-scearp, adj., _battle-sharp, sharp for the battle_, 2705.
+
+beadu-scrud, st. n., (_battle-dress_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: gen. pl.
+beaduscruda betst, 453.
+
+beadu-serce, w. f., (_battle-garment_), _corselet, shirt of mail_: acc. sg.
+brogdne beadu-sercean (because it consists of interlaced metal rings),
+2756.
+
+beado-weorc, st. n., (_battle-work_), _battle_: gen. sg. gefeh
+beado-weorces, _rejoiced at the battle_, 2300.
+
+beald, adj., _bold, brave_: in comp. cyning-beald.
+
+bealdian, w. v., _to show one's self brave_: pret. bealdode godum daedum
+(_through brave deeds_), 2178.
+
+bealdor, st. m., _lord, prince_: nom. sg. sinca baldor, 2429; winia
+bealdor, 2568.
+
+bealu, st. n., _evil, ruin, destruction_: instr. sg. bealwe, 2827; gen. pl.
+bealuwa, 281; bealewa, 2083; bealwa, 910.--Comp.: cwealm-, ealdor-,
+hreether-, leod-, morethor-, niht-, sweord-, wig-bealu.
+
+bealu, adj., _deadly, dangerous, bad_: instr. sg. hyne sar hafaeth befongen
+balwon bendum, _pain has entwined him in deadly bands_, 978.
+
+bealo-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, death by the sword_(?), 2266.
+
+bealo-hycgende, pres. part., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_:
+gen. pl. aeghwaeethrum bealo-hycgendra, 2566.
+
+bealo-hydig, adj., _thinking of death, meditating destruction_: of Grendel,
+724.
+
+bealo-nieth, st. m., (_zeal for destruction_), _deadly enmity_: nom. sg.,
+2405; _destructive struggle_: acc. sg. bebeorh þe þone bealonieth, _beware of
+destructive striving_, 1759; _death-bringing rage_: nom. sg. him on
+breostum bealo-nieth weoll, _in his breast raged deadly fury_ (of the
+dragon's poison), 2715.
+
+bearhtm (see beorht): 1) st. m., _splendor, brightness, clearness_: nom.
+sg. eagena bearhtm, 1767.--2) _sound, tone_: acc. sg. bearhtm ongeaton,
+guethhorn galan, _they heard the sound, (heard) the battle-horn sound_, 1432.
+
+bearm, m., gremium, sinus, _lap, bosom_: nom. sg. foldan bearm, 1138; acc.
+sg. on bearm scipes, 35, 897; on bearm nacan, 214; him on bearm hladan
+bunan and discas, 2776.--2) figuratively, _possession, property_, because
+things bestowed were placed in the lap of the receiver (1145 and 2195, on
+bearm licgan, alecgan); dat. sg. him to bearme cwom maethethumfaet maere, _came
+into his possession_, 2405.
+
+bearn, st. n., 1) _child, son_: nom. sg. bearn Healfdenes, 469, etc.;
+Ecglafes bearn, 499, etc.; dat. sg. bearne, 2371; nom. pl. bearn, 59; dat.
+pl. bearnum, 1075.--2) in a broader sense, _scion, offspring, descendant_:
+nom. sg. Ongenþeow's bearn, of his grandson, 2388; nom. pl. yldo. bearn,
+70; gumena bearn, _children of men_, 879; haeleetha bearn, 1190; aeethelinga
+bearn, 3172; acc. pl. ofer ylda bearn, 606; dat. pl. ylda bearnum, 150;
+gen. pl. niethetha bearna, 1006.--Comp.: broethor-, dryht-bearn.
+
+bearn-gebyrdu, f., _birth, birth of a son_: gen. sg. þaet hyre ealdmetod
+este waere bearn-gebyrdo, _has been gracious through the birth of such a
+son_ (i.e. as Beowulf), 947.
+
+bearu, st. m., (_the bearer_, hence properly only the fruit-tree,
+especially the oak and the beech), _tree_, collectively _forest_: nom. pl.
+hrimge bearwas, _rime-covered_ or _ice-clad_, 1364.
+
+beacen, st. n., _sign, banner_, vexillum: nom. sg. beorht beacen godes, _of
+the sun_, 570; gen. pl. beacna beorhtost, 2778. See becn.
+
+ge-beacnian, w. v., _to mark, to indicate_: pret. part. ge-beacnod, 140.
+
+beag, st. m., _ring, ornament_: nom. sg. beah (_neck-ring_), 1212; acc. sg.
+beah (the collar of the murdered king of the Heaethobeardnas), 2042; beg
+(collective for the acc. pl.), 3165; dat. sg. cwom Wealhþeo foreth gan under
+gyldnum beage, _she walked along under a golden head-ring, wore a golden
+diadem_, 1164; gen. sg. beages (of a collar), 1217; acc. pl. beagas (rings
+in general), 80, 523, etc.; gen. pl. beaga, 35, 352, 1488, 2285, etc.--
+Comp.: earm-, heals-beag.
+
+beag-gyfa, w. m., _ring-giver_, designation of the prince: gen. sg. -gyfan,
+1103.
+
+beag-hroden, adj., _adorned with rings, ornamented with clasps_: nom. sg.
+beaghroden, cwen, of Hroethgar's consort, perhaps with reference to her
+diadem (cf. 1164), 624.
+
+beah-hord, st. m. n., _ring-hoard, treasure consisting of rings_: gen. sg.
+beah-hordes, 895; dat. pl. beah-hordum, 2827; gen. pl. beah-horda weard, of
+King Hroethgar, 922.
+
+beah-sele, st. m., _ring-hall, hall in which the rings were distributed_:
+nom. sg., of Heorot, 1178.
+
+beah-þegu, st. f., _the receiving of the ring_: dat. sg. aefter beah-þege,
+2177.
+
+beah-wrietha, w. m. _ring-band_, ring with prominence given to its having the
+form of a band: acc. sg. beah-wriethan, 2019.
+
+beam, st. m., _tree_, only in the compounds fyrgen-, gleo-beam.
+
+beatan, st. v., _thrust, strike_: pres. sg. mearh burhstede beateeth, _the
+steed beats the castle-ground_ (place where the castle is built), i.e. with
+his hoofs, 2266; pret. part. swealt bille ge-beaten, _died, struck by the
+battle-axe_, 2360.
+
+beorh, st. m.: 1) _mountain, rock_: dat. sg. beorge, 211; gen. sg. beorges,
+2525, 2756; acc. pl. beorgas, 222.--2) _grave-mound, tomb-hill_: acc. sg.
+biorh, 2808; beorh, 3098, 3165. A grave-mound serves the drake as a retreat
+(cf. 2277, 2412): nom. sg. beorh, 2242; gen. sg. beorges, 2323.--Comp.
+stan-beorh.
+
+beorh, st. f., _veil, covering, cap_; only in the comp. heafod-beorh.
+
+beorgan, st. v. (w. dat. of the interested person or thing), _to save, to
+shield_: inf. wolde feore beorgan, _place her life in safety_, 1294;
+here-byrne ... seo þe bancofan beorgan cuethe, _which could protect his
+body_, 1446; pret. pl. ealdre burgan, 2600.
+
+be-beorgan (w. dat. refl. of pers. and acc. of the thing), _to take care,
+to defend one's self from_: inf. him be-beorgan ne con wom, _cannot keep
+himself from stain_ (fault), 1747; imp. bebeorh þe þone bealonteth, 1759.
+
+ge-beorgan (w, dat. of person or thing to be saved), _to save, to protect_:
+pret. sg. þaet gebearh feore, _protected the life_, 1549; scyld wel gebearg
+life and lice, 2571.
+
+ymb-beorgan, _to surround protectingly_: pret. sg. bring utan ymb-bearh,
+1504.
+
+beorht, byrht, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining, radiant, shimmering_: nom. sg.
+beorht, of the sun, 570, 1803; beorhta, of Heorot, 1178; þaet beorhte bold,
+998; acc. sg. beorhtne, of Beowulf's grave-mound, 2804; dat. sg. to þaere
+byrhtan (here-byrhtan, MS.) byrig, 1200; acc. pl. beorhte fraetwe, 214, 897;
+beorhte randas, 231; bordwudu beorhtan, 1244; n. beorht hofu, 2314.
+Superl.: beacna beorhtost, 2778. --2) _excellent, remarkable_: gen. sg.
+beorhtre bote, 158. --Comp.: sadol-, wlite-beorht.
+
+beorhte, adv., _brilliantly, brightly, radiantly_, 1518.
+
+beorhtian, w. v., _to sound clearly_: pret. sg. beorhtode benc-sweg, 1162.
+
+beorn, st. m., _hero, warrior, noble man_: nom. sg. (Hroethgar), 1881,
+(Beowulf), 2434, etc.; acc. sg. (Beow.), 1025, (Aeschere), 1300; dat. sg.
+beorne, 2261; nom. pl. beornas (Beowulf and his companions), 211,
+(Hroethgar's guests), 857; gen. pl. biorna (Beowulf's liege-men),
+2405.--Comp.: folc-, gueth-beorn.
+
+beornan, st. v., _to burn_: pres. part. byrnende (of the drake),
+2273.--Comp. un-byrnende.
+
+for-beornan, _to be consumed, to burn_: pret. sg. for-barn, 1617, 1668;
+for-born, 2673.
+
+ge-beornan, _to be burned_: pret. gebarn, 2698.
+
+beorn-cyning, st. m., _king of warriors, king of heroes_: nom. sg. (as
+voc.), 2149.
+
+beodan, st. v.: 1) _to announce, to inform, to make known_: inf. biodan,
+2893.--2) _to offer, to proffer_ (as the notifying of a transaction in
+direct reference to the person concerned in it): pret. pl. him geþingo
+budon, _offered them an agreement_, 1086; pret. part. þa waes aeht boden
+Sweona leodum, _then was pursuit offered the Swedish people_, 2958; inf. ic
+þaem godan sceal maethmas beodan, _I shall offer the excellent man treasures_,
+385.
+
+a-beodan, _to present, to announce_: pret. word inne abead, _made known the
+words within_, 390; _to offer, to tender, to wish_: pret. him hael abead,
+_wished him health_ (greeted him), 654. Similarly, haelo abead, 2419; eoton
+weard abead, _offered the giant a watcher_, 669.
+
+be-beodan, _to command, to order_: pret. swa him se hearda bebead, _as the
+strong man commanded them_, 401. Similarly, swa se rica bebead, 1976.
+
+ge-beodan: 1) _to command, to order_: inf. het þa gebeodan byre Wihstanes
+haeleetha monegum, þaet hie..., _the son of Wihstan caused orders to be given
+to many of the men..._, 3111.--2) _to offer_: him Hygd gebead hord and
+rice, _offered him the treasure and the chief power_, 2370; inf. guethe
+gebeodan, _to offer battle_, 604.
+
+beod-geneat, st. m., _table-companion_: nom. and acc. pl. geneatas, 343,
+1714.
+
+beon, verb, _to be_, generally in the future sense, _will be_: pres. sg. I.
+guethgeweorca ic beo gearo sona, _I shall immediately be ready for warlike
+deeds_, 1826; sg. III. wa bieth þaem þe sceal..., _woe to him who_...! 183;
+so, 186; gifeethe bieth is given, 299; ne bieth þe wilna gad (_no wish will be
+denied thee_), 661; þaer þe bieth manna þearf, _if thou shalt need the
+warriors_, 1836; ne bieth swylc cwenlic þeaw, _is not becoming, honorable to
+a woman_, 1941; eft sona bieth _will happen directly_, 1763; similarly, 1768,
+etc.; pl. þonne bioeth brocene, _then are broken_, 2064; feor cyethethe beoeth
+selran gesohte þam þe..., "terrae longinquae meliores sunt visitatu ei
+qui..." (Grein), 1839; imp. beo (bio) þu on ofeste, _hasten!_ 386, 2748;
+beo wieth Geatas glaed, _be gracious to the Geatas_, 1174.
+
+beor, st. n., _beer_: dat. sg. aet beore, _at beer-drinking_, 2042; instr.
+sg. beore druncen, 531; beore druncne, 480.
+
+beor-scealc, st. m., _keeper of the beer, cup-bearer_: gen. pl.
+beor-scealca sum (one of Hroethgar's followers, because they served the
+Geatas at meals), 1241.
+
+beor-sele, st. m., _beer-hall, hall in which beer is drunk_: dat. sg. in
+(on) beorsele, 482, 492, 1095; biorsele, 2636.
+
+beor-þegu, st. f., _beer-drinking, beer-banquet_: dat. sg. aefter beorþege,
+117; aet þaere beorþege, 618.
+
+beot, st. n., _promise, binding agreement to something that is to be
+undertaken_: acc. sg. he beot ne aleh, _did not break his pledge_, 80; beot
+eal ... gelaeste, _performed all that he had pledged himself to_, 523.
+
+ge-beotian, w. v., _to pledge one's self to an undertaking, to bind one's
+self_: pret. gebeotedon, 480, 536.
+
+beot-word, st. n., same as beot: dat. pl. beot-wordum spraec, 2511.
+
+biddan, st. v., _to beg, to ask, to pray_: pres. sg. I. doeth swa ic bidde!
+1232; inf. (w. acc. of the pers. and gen. of the thing asked for) ic þe
+biddan wille anre bene, _beg thee for one_, 427; pret. swa he selfa baed,
+_as he himself had requested_, 29; baed hine bliethne (supply wesan) aet þaere
+beorþege, _begged him to be cheerful at the beer-banquet_, 618; ic þe lange
+baed þaet þu..., _begged you a long time that you_, 1995; frioethowaere baed
+hlaford sinne, _begged his lord for protection_ (acc. of pers. and gen. of
+thing), 2283; baed þaet ge geworhton, _asked that you_..., 3097; pl. wordum
+baedon þaet..., 176.
+
+on-bidian, w. v., _to await_: inf. laetaeth hilde-bord her onbidian ... worda
+geþinges, _let the shields await here the result of the conference_ (lay
+the shields aside here), 397.
+
+bil, st. n. _sword_: nom. sg. bil, 1568; bill, 2778; acc. sg. bil, 1558;
+instr. sg. bille, 2360; gen. sg. billes, 2061, etc.; instr. pl. billum, 40;
+gen. pl. billa, 583, 1145.--Comp.: gueth-, hilde-, wig-bil.
+
+bindan, st. v., _to bind, to tie_: pret. part. acc. sg. wudu bundenne, _the
+bound wood_, i.e. the built ship, 216; bunden golde swurd, _a sword bound
+with gold_, i.e. either having its hilt inlaid with gold, or having gold
+chains upon the hilt (swords of both kinds have been found), 1901; nom. sg.
+heoru bunden, 1286, has probably a similar meaning.
+
+ge-bindan, _to bind_: pret. sg. þaer ic fife geband, _where I had bound
+five_(?), 420; pret. part. cyninges þegn word oether fand soethe gebunden, _the
+king's man found_ (after many had already praised Beowulf's deed) _other
+words_ (also referring to Beowulf, but in connection with Sigemund)
+_rightly bound together_, i.e. in good alliterative verses, as are becoming
+to a gid, 872; wundenmael wraettum gebunden, _sword bound with ornaments_,
+i.e. inlaid, 1532; bisgum gebunden, _bound together by sorrow_, 1744; gomel
+guethwiga eldo gebunden, _hoary hero bound by old age_ (fettered, oppressed),
+2112.
+
+on-bindan, _to unbind, to untie, to loose_: pret. onband, 501.
+
+ge-bind, st. n. coll., _that which binds, fetters_: in comp. is-gebind.
+
+bite, st. m., _bite_, figuratively of the cut of the sword: acc. sg. bite
+irena, _the swords' bite_, 2260; dat. sg. aefter billes bite, 2061.--Comp.
+laeth-bite.
+
+biter (primary meaning that of biting), adj.: 1) _sharp, cutting, cutting
+in_: acc. sg. biter (of a short sword), 2705; instr. sg. biteran straele,
+1747; instr. pl. biteran banum, _with sharp teeth_, 2693.--2) _irritated,
+furious_: nom. pl. bitere, 1432.
+
+bitre, adv., _bitterly_ (in a moral sense), 2332.
+
+bi, big (fuller form of the prep. be, which see), prep. w. dat.: 1) _near,
+at, on, about, by_ (as under be, No. 1): bi saem tweonum, _in the circuit of
+both seas_, 1957; aras bi ronde, _raised himself up by the shield_, 2539;
+bi wealle gesaet, _sat by the wall_, 2718. With a freer position: him big
+stodan bunan and orcas, _round about him_, 3048.--2) _to, towards_
+(motion): hwearf þa bi bence, _turned then towards the bench_, 1189; geong
+bi sesse, _went to the seat_, 2757.
+
+bid (see bidan), st. n., _tarrying hesitation_: þaer weareth Ongenþio on bid
+wrecen, _forced to tarry_, 2963.
+
+bidan, st. v.: 1) _to delay, to stay, to remain, to wait_: inf. no on
+wealle leng bidan wolde, _would not stay longer within the wall_ (the
+drake), 2309; pret. in þystrum bad, _remained in darkness_, 87; flota
+stille bad, _the craft lay still_, 301; receda ... on þaem se rica bad,
+_where the mighty one dwelt_, 310; þaer se snottra bad, _where the wise man_
+(Hroethgar) _waited_, 1314; he on searwum bad, _he_ (Beowulf) _stood there
+armed_, 2569; ic on earde bad maelgesceafta, _lived upon the paternal ground
+the time appointed me by fate_, 2737; pret. pl. sume þaer bidon, _some
+remained, waited there_, 400.--2) _to await, to wait for_, with the gen. of
+that which is awaited: inf. bidan woldon Grendles guethe, _wished to await
+the combat with Grendel, to undertake it_, 482; similarly, 528; wiges
+bidan, _await the combat_, 1269; nalas andsware bidan wolde, _would await
+no answer_, 1495; pret. bad beadwa geþinges, _awaited the event of the
+battle_, 710; saegenga bad agend-frean, _the sea-goer_ (boat) _awaited its
+owner_, 1883; sele ... heaethowylma bad, laethan liges (the poet probably means
+to indicate by these words that the hall Heorot was destroyed later in a
+fight by fire; an occurrence, indeed, about which we know nothing, but
+which 1165 and 1166, and again 2068 ff. seem to indicate), 82.
+
+a-bidan, _to await_, with the gen.: inf., 978.
+
+ge-bidan: 1) _to tarry, to wait_: imp. gebide ge on beorge, _wait ye on the
+mountain_, 2530; pret. part. þeah þe wintra lyt under burhlocan gebiden
+haebbe Haereethes dohtor _although H's daughter had dwelt only a few years in
+the castle_, 1929.--2) _to live through, to experience, to expect_ (w.
+acc.): inf. sceal endedaeg minne gebidan, _shall live my last day_, 639; ne
+wende ... bote gebidan, _did not hope ... to live to see reparation_, 935;
+fela sceal gebidan leofes and laethes, _experience much good and much
+affliction_, 1061; ende gebidan, 1387, 2343; pret. he þaes frofre gebad,
+_received consolation_ (compensation) _therefore_, 7; gebad wintra worn,
+_lived a great number of years_, 264; in a similar construction, 816, 930,
+1619, 2259, 3117. With gen.: inf. to gebidanne oethres yrfeweardes, _to await
+another heir_, 2453. With depend, clause: inf. to gebidanne þaet his byre
+ride on galgan, _to live to see it, that his son hang upon the gallows_,
+2446; pret. dream-leas gebad þaet he..., _joyless he experienced it, that
+he_..., 1721; þaes þe ic on aldre gebad þaet ic..., _for this, that I, in my
+old age, lived to see that_..., 1780.
+
+on-bidan, _to wait, to await_: pret. hordweard onbad earfoethlice oeth þaet aefen
+cwom, _scarcely waited, could scarcely delay till it was evening_, 2303.
+
+bitan, st. v., _to bite_, of the cutting of swords: inf. bitan, 1455, 1524;
+pret. bat banlocan, _bit into his body_ (Grendel), 743; bat unswiethor, _cut
+with less force_ (Beowulf's sword), 2579.
+
+blanca, w. m., properly _that which shines_ here of the horse, not so much
+of the white horse as the dappled: dat. pl. on blancum, 857.
+
+ge-bland, ge-blond, st. n., _mixture, heaving mass, a turning_.--Comp.:
+sund-, yeth-geblond, windblond.
+
+blanden-feax, blonden-feax, adj., _mixed_, i.e. having gray hair,
+_gray-headed_, as epithet of an old man: nom. sg. blondenfeax, 1792;
+blondenfexa, 2963; dat. sg. blondenfeaxum, 1874; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe,
+1595.
+
+blaec, adj., _dark, black_: nom. sg, hrefn blaca, 1802.
+
+blac, adj.: 1) _gleaming, shining_: acc. sg. blacne leoman, _a brilliant
+gleam_, 1518.--2) of the white death-color, _pale_; in comp. heoroblac.
+
+blaed, st. m.: 1) _strength, force, vigor_: nom. sg. waes hira blaed scacen
+(of both tribes), _strength was gone_, i.e. the bravest of both tribes lay
+slain, 1125; nu is þines maegnes blaed ane hwile, _now the fulness of thy
+strength lasts for a time_, 1762.--2) _reputation, renown, knowledge_ (with
+stress upon the idea of filling up, spreading out): nom. sg. blaed, 18;
+(þin) blaed is araered, _thy renown is spread abroad_, 1704.
+
+blaed-agend, pt., _having renown, renowned_: nom. pl. blaed-agende, 1014.
+
+blaed-faest, adj., _firm in renown, renowned, known afar_: acc. sg.
+blaedfaestne beorn (of Aeschere, with reference to 1329), 1300.
+
+bleat, adj., _miserable, helpless_; only in comp. wael-bleat.
+
+bleate, adv., _miserably, helplessly_, 2825.
+
+blican, st. v., _shine, gleam_: inf., 222
+
+bliethe, adj.: 1) _blithe, joyous, happy_ acc. sg. bliethne, 618.--2)
+_gracious, pleasing_: nom. sg. bliethe, 436.--Comp. un-bliethe.
+
+blieth-heort, adj., _joyous in heart, happy_: nom. sg., 1803.
+
+blod, st. n., _blood_: nom. sg., 1122; acc. sg., 743; dat. sg. blode, 848;
+aefter deorum men him langaeth beorn wieth blode, _the hero_ (Hroethgar) _longs
+for the beloved man contrary to blood_, i.e. he loves him although he is
+not related to him by blood, 1881; dat. as instr. blode, 486, 935, 1595,
+etc.
+
+blod-fag, adj., _spotted with blood, bloody_, 2061.
+
+blodig, adj., _bloody_: acc. sg. f. blodge, 991; acc. sg. n. blodig, 448;
+instr. sg. blodigan gare, 2441.
+
+ge-blodian, w. v., _to make bloody, to sprinkle with blood_: pret. part.
+ge-blodegod, 2693.
+
+blodig-toeth, adj., _with bloody teeth_: nom. sg. bona blodig-toeth (of
+Grendel, because he bites his victims to death), 2083.
+
+blod-reow, adj., _bloodthirsty, bloody-minded_: nom. sg. him on ferhethe
+greow breost-hord blod-reow, _in his bosom there grew a bloodthirsty
+feeling_, 1720.
+
+be-bod, st. n., _command, order_; in comp. wundor-bebod.
+
+bodian, w. v., _(to be a messenger), to announce, to make known_: pret.
+hrefn blaca heofones wynne blieth-heort bodode, _the black raven announced
+joyfully heaven's delight_ (the rising sun), 1803.
+
+boga, w. m., _bow_, of the bended form; here of the dragon, in comp.
+hring-boga; as an instrument for shooting, in the comp. flan-, horn-boga;
+bow of the arch, in comp. stan-boga.
+
+bolca, w. m., "forus navis" (Grein), _gangway_; here probably the planks
+which at landing are laid from the ship to the shore: acc. sg. ofer bolcan,
+231.
+
+bold, st. n., _building, house, edifice_: nom. sg. (Heorot), 998;
+(Hygelac's residence), 1926; (Beowulfs residence), 2197, 2327.--Comp.
+fold-bold.
+
+bold-agend, pt., _house-owner, property-holder_: gen. pl. monegum
+boldagendra, 3113.
+
+bolgen-mod, adj., _angry at heart, angry_, 710, 1714.
+
+bolster, st. m., _bolster, cushion, pillow_: dat. pl. (reced) geond-braeded
+weareth beddum and bolstrum, _was covered with beds and bolsters_,
+1241.--Comp. hleor-bolster.
+
+bon-. See ban-.
+
+bora, w. m., _carrier, bringer, leader_: in the comp. mund-, raed-,
+waeg-bora.
+
+bord, st. n., _shield_: nom. sg., 2674; acc. sg., 2525; gen. pl. ofer borda
+gebraec, _over the crashing of the shields_, 2260.--Comp.: hilde-, wig-bord.
+
+bord-haebbend, pt., _one having a shield, shield-bearer_: nom. pl. haebbende,
+2896.
+
+bord-hreoetha, w. m., _shield-cover, shield_ with particular reference to its
+cover (of hides or linden bark): dat. sg. -hreoethan, 2204.
+
+bord-rand, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg., 2560.
+
+bord-weall, st. m., _shield-wall, wall of shields_: acc. sg., 2981.
+
+bord-wudu, st. m., _shield-wood, shield_: acc. pl. beorhtan beord-wudu,
+1244.
+
+botm, st. m., _bottom_: dat. sg. to botme (here of the bottom of the
+fen-lake), 1507.
+
+bot (emendation, cf. betan), st. f.: 1) _relief, remedy_: nom. sg., 281;
+acc. sg. bote, 935; acc. sg. bote, 910.--2) _a performance in expiation, a
+giving satisfaction, tribute_: gen. sg. bote, 158.
+
+brand, brond, st. m.: 1) _burning, fire_: nom. sg. þa sceal brond fretan
+(_the burning of the body_), 3015; instr. sg. by hine ne moston ... bronde
+forbaernan (_could not bestow upon him the solemn burning_), 2127; haefde
+landwara lige befangen, baele and bronde, _with glow, fire, and flame_,
+2323.--2) in the passage, þaet hine no brond ne beadomecas bitan ne meahton,
+1455, brond has been translated _sword, brand_ (after the O.N. brand-r).
+The meaning _fire_ may be justified as well, if we consider that the old
+helmets were generally made of leather, and only the principal parts were
+mounted with bronze. The poet wishes here to emphasize the fact that the
+helmet was made entirely of metal, a thing which was very unusual.--3) in
+the passage, forgeaf þa Beowulfe brand Healfdenes segen gyldenne, 1021, our
+text, with other editions, has emendated, bearn, since brand, if it be
+intended as a designation of Hroethgar (perhaps _son_), has not up to this
+time been found in this sense in A.-S.
+
+brant, bront, adj., _raging, foaming, going-high_, of ships and of waves:
+acc. sg. brontne, 238, 568.
+
+brad, adj.: 1) _extended, wide_: nom. pl. brade rice, 2208.--2) _broad_:
+nom. sg. heah and brad (of Beowulf's grave-mound), 3159; acc. sg. bradne
+mece, 2979; (seax) brad [and] brunecg, _the broad, short sword with bright
+edge_, 1547.--3) _massive, in abundance_. acc, sg. brad gold, 3106.
+
+ge-braec, st. n., _noise, crash_: acc. sg. borda gebraec, 2260.
+
+geond-braedan, w. v., _to spread over, to cover entirely_: pret. part.
+geond-braeded, 1240.
+
+brecan, st. v.: 1) _to break, to break to pieces_: pret. banhringas braec,
+(the sword) _broke the joints_, 1568. In a moral sense: pret. subj. þaet þaer
+aenig mon waere ne braece, _that no one should break the agreement_, 1101;
+pret. part. þonne bioeth brocene ... aeth-sweord eorla, _then are the oaths of
+the men broken_, 2064.--2) probably also simply _to break in upon
+something, to press upon_, w. acc.: pret. sg. saedeor monig hildetuxum
+heresyrcan braec, _many a sea-animal pressed with his battle-teeth upon the
+shirt of mail_ (did not break it, for, according to 1549 f., 1553 f., it
+was still unharmed). 1512.--3) _to break out, to spring out_: inf. geseah
+... stream ut brecan of beorge, _saw a stream break out from the rocks_,
+2547; let se hearda Higelaces þegn bradne mece ... brecan ofer bordweal,
+_caused the broadsword to spring out over the wall of shields_, 2981.--4)
+figuratively, _to vex, not to let rest_: pret. hine fyrwyt braec, _curiosity
+tormented_ (N.H.G. brachte die Neugier um), 232, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-brecan, _to break to pieces_: pret. banhus gebraec, _broke in pieces his
+body_ (Beowulf in combat with Daeghrefn), 2509.
+
+to-brecan, _to break in pieces_: inf., 781; pret. part. to-brocen, 998.
+
+þurh-brecan, _to break through_, pret. wordes ord breosthord þurh-braec,
+_the word's point broke through his closed breast_, i.e. a word burst out
+from his breast, 2793.
+
+breceth, st. f., _condition of being broken, breach_: nom. pl. modes brecetha
+(_sorrow of heart_), 171.
+
+a-bredwian, w. v. w. acc., _to fell to the ground, to kill_ (?): pret.
+abredwade, 2620.
+
+bregdan, st. v., properly _to swing round_, hence: 1) _to swing_: inf.
+under sceadu bregdan, _swing among the shadows, to send into the realm of
+shadows_, 708; pret. braegd ealde lafe, _swung the old weapon_, 796; braegd
+feorh-geniethlan, _swung his mortal enemy_ (Grendel's mother), threw her
+down, 1540; pl. git eagorstream ... mundum brugdon, _stirred the sea with
+your hands_ (of the movement of the hands in swimming), 514; pret. part.
+broden (brogden) mael, _the drawn sword_, 1617, 1668.--2) _to knit, to knot,
+to plait_: inf., figuratively, inwitnet oethrum bregdan, _to weave a
+waylaying net for another_ (as we say in the same way, to lay a trap for
+another, to dig a pit for another), 2168; pret. part. beadohraegl broden, _a
+woven shirt of mail_ (because it consisted of metal rings joined together),
+552; similarly, 1549; brogdne beadusercean, 2756.
+
+a-bregdan, _to swing_: pret. hond up a-braed, _swung, raised his hand_,
+2576.
+
+ge-bregdan: 1) _swing_: pret. hring-mael gebraegd, _swung the ringed sword_,
+1565; eald sweord eacen ... þaet ic þy waepne gebraegd, _an old heavy sword
+that I swung as my weapon_, 1665; with interchanging instr. and acc.
+waellseaxe gebraed, biter and beadu-scearp, 2704; also, _to draw out of the
+sheath_: sweord aer gebraed, _had drawn the sword before_, 2563.--2) _to
+knit, to knot, to plait_: pret. part. bere-byrne hondum gebroden, 1444.
+
+on-bregdan, _to tear open, to throw open_: pret. onbraed þa recedes muethan,
+_had then thrown open the entrance of the hall_ (onbregdan is used because
+the opening door swings upon its hinges), 724.
+
+brego, st. m., _prince, ruler_: nom. sg. 427, 610.
+
+brego-rof, adj., _powerful, like a ruler, of heroic strength_: nom. sg. m.,
+1926.
+
+brego-stol, st. m., _throne_, figuratively for _rule_: acc. sg. him
+gesealde seofon þusendo, bold and brego-stol, _seven thousand_ see under
+sceat), _a country-seat, and the dignity of a prince_, 2197; þaer him Hygd
+gebead ... brego-stol, _where H. offered him the chief power_, 2371; let
+þone bregostol Beowulf healdan, _gave over to Beowulf the chief power_ (did
+not prevent Beowulf from entering upon the government), 2390.
+
+breme, adj., _known afar, renowned_. nom. sg., 18.
+
+brenting (see brant), st. m., _ship craft_: nom. pl. brentingas, 2808.
+
+a-breatan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. abreot
+brimwisan, _killed the sea-king_ (King Haeethcyn), 2931. See breotan.
+
+breost, st. n.: 1) _breast_: nom. sg., 2177; often used in the pl., so acc.
+þaet mine breost wereeth, _which protects my breast_, 453; dat. pl. beadohraegl
+broden on breostum laeg. 552.--2) _the inmost thoughts, the mind, the heart,
+the bosom_: nom. sg. breost innan weoll þeostrum geþoncum, _his breast
+heaved with troubled thoughts_, 2332; dat. pl. let þa of breostum word ut
+faran, _caused the words to come out from his bosom_, 2551.
+
+breost-gehygd, st. n. f., _breast-thought, secret thought_: instr. pl.
+-gehygdum, 2819.
+
+breost-gewaedu, st. n. pl., _breast-clothing, garment covering the breast_,
+of the coat of mail: nom., 1212; acc., 2163.
+
+breost-hord, st. m., _breast-hoard, that which is locked in the breast,
+heart, mind, thought, soul_: nom. sg., 1720; acc. sg., 2793.
+
+breost-net, st. n., _breast-net, shirt of chain-mail, coat of mail_: nom.
+sg. breost-net broden, 1549.
+
+breost-weorethung, st. f., _ornament that is worn upon the breast_: acc. sg.
+breost-weorethunge, 2505: here the collar is meant which Beowulf receives
+from Wealhþeow (1196, 2174) as a present, and which B., according to 2173,
+presents to Hygd, while, according to 1203, it is in the possession of her
+husband Hygelac. In front the collar is trimmed with ornaments (fraetwe),
+which hang down upon the breast, hence the name breost-weorethung.
+
+breost-wylm, st. m., _heaving of the breast, emotion of the bosom_: acc.
+sg, 1878.
+
+breotan, st. v., _to break, to break in pieces, to kill_: pret. breat
+beodgeneatas, _killed his table-companions_ (courtiers), 1714.
+
+a-breotan, same as above: pret. þone þe heo on raeste abreat, _whom she
+killed upon his couch_, 1299; pret. part. þa þaet monige geweareth, þaet hine
+seo brimwylf abroten haefde, _many believed that the sea-wolf_ (Grendel's
+mother) _had killed him_, 1600; hi hyne ... abroten haefdon, _had killed
+him_ (the dragon), 2708.
+
+brim, st. n., _flood, the sea_: nom. sg., 848, 1595; gen. sg. to brimes
+faroethe, _to the sea_, 28; aet brimes nosan, _at the sea's promontory_, 2804;
+nom. pl. brimu swaethredon, _the waves subsided_, 570.
+
+brim-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff, cliff washed by the sea_: acc. pl. -clifu,
+222.
+
+brim-lad, st. f., _flood-way, sea-way_: acc. sg. þara þe mid Beowulfe
+brimlade teah, _who had travelled the sea-way with B._, 1052.
+
+brim-liethend, pt, _sea-farer, sailor_ acc. p. -liethende, 568.
+
+brim-stream, st. m., _sea-stream, the flood of the sea_: acc. pl. ofer
+brim-streamas, 1911.
+
+brim-wisa, w. m., _sea-king_: acc. sg. brimwisan, of Haeethcyn, king of the
+Geatas, 2931.
+
+brim-wylf, st. f., _sea-wolf_ (designation of Grendel's mother): nom. sg.
+seo brimwylf, 1507, 1600.
+
+brim-wylm, st. m., _sea-wave_: nom. sg., 1495.
+
+bringan, anom. v., _to bring, to bear_: prs. sg. I. ic þe þusenda þegna
+bringe to helpe, _bring to your assistance thousands of warriors_, 1830;
+inf. sceal hringnaca ofer heaethu bringan lac and luftacen, _shall bring
+gifts and love-tokens over the high sea_, 1863; similarly, 2149, 2505;
+pret. pl. we þas saelac ... brohton, _brought this sea-offering_ (Grendel's
+head), 1654.
+
+ge-bringan, _to bring_: pres. subj. pl. þat we þone gebringan ... on
+adfaere, _that we bring him upon the funeral-pile_, 3010.
+
+brosnian, w. v., _to crumble, to become rotten, to fall to pieces_: prs.
+sg. III. herepad ... brosnaeth aefter beorne, _the coat of mail falls to
+pieces after_ (the death of) _the hero_, 2261.
+
+broethor, st. m., _brother_: nom. sg., 1325, 2441; dat sg. breether, 1263; gen.
+sg. his broethor bearn, 2620; dat. pl. broethrum, 588, 1075.
+
+ge-broethru, pl., _brethren, brothers_: dat. pl. saet be þaem gebroethrum twaem,
+_sat by the two brothers_, 1192.
+
+broga, w. m., _terror, horror_: nom. sg., 1292, 2325, 2566; acc. sg. billa
+brogan, 583.--Comp.: gryre-, here-broga.
+
+brucan, st. v. w. gen., _to use, to make use of_: prs. sg. III. se þe longe
+her worolde bruceeth, _who here long makes use of the world_, i.e. lives
+long, 1063; imp. bruc manigra meda, _make use of many rewards, give good
+rewards_, 1179; _to enjoy_: inf. þaet he beahhordes brucan moste, _could
+enjoy the ring-hoard_, 895; similarly, 2242, 3101; pret. breac
+lifgesceafta, _enjoyed the appointed life, lived the appointed time_, 1954.
+With the genitive to be supplied: breac þonne moste, 1488; imp. bruc þisses
+beages, _enjoy this ring, take this ring_, 1217. Upon this meaning depends
+the form of the wish, wel brucan (compare the German geniesze froh!): inf.
+het hine wel brucan, 1046; het hine brucan well, 2813; imp. bruc ealles
+well, 2163.
+
+brun, adj., _having a brown lustre, shining_: nom. sg. sio ecg brun, 2579.
+
+brun-ecg, adj., _having a gleaming blade_: acc. sg. n. (hyre seaxe) brad
+[and] brunecg, _her broad sword with gleaming blade_, 1547.
+
+brun-fag, adj., _gleaming like metal_: acc. sg. brunfagne helm, 2616.
+
+bryne-leoma, w. m., _light of a conflagration, gleam of fire _: nom. sg.,
+2314.
+
+bryne-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire_: dat. pl. -wylmum, 2327.
+
+brytnian (properly _to break in small pieces_, cf. breotan), w. v., _to
+bestow, to distribute_: pret. sinc brytnade, _distributed presents_, i.e.
+ruled (since the giving of gifts belongs especially to rulers), 2384.
+
+brytta, w. m., _giver, distributer_, always designating the king: nom. sg.
+sinces brytta, 608, 1171, 2072; acc. sg. beaga bryttan, 35, 352, 1488;
+sinces bryttan, 1923.
+
+bryttian (_to be a dispenser_), w. v., _to distribute, to confer_: prs. sg.
+III. god manna cynne snyttru bryttaeth, _bestows wisdom upon the human race_,
+1727.
+
+bryd, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_: acc. sg. bryd, 2931; bryde, 2957, both
+times of the consort of Ongenþeow (?).--2) _betrothed, bride_: nom. sg., of
+Hroethgar's daughter, Freaware, 2032.
+
+bryd-bur, st. n., _woman's apartment_: dat. sg. eode ... cyning of
+brydbure, _the king came out of the apartment of his wife_ (into which,
+according to 666, he had gone), 922.
+
+bunden-stefna, w. m., _(that which has a bound prow), the framed ship_:
+nom. sg., 1911.
+
+bune, w. f., _can_ or _cup, drinking-vessel_: nom. pl. bunan, 3048; acc.
+pl. bunan, 2776.
+
+burh, burg, st. f., _castle, city, fortified house_: acc. sg. burh, 523;
+dat. sg. byrig, 1200; dat. pl. burgum, 53, 1969, 2434.--Comp.: freo,
+freoetho-, hea-, hleo-, hord-, leod-, maeg-burg.
+
+burh-loca, w. m., _castle-bars_: dat. sg. under burh-locan, _under the
+castle-bars_, i.e. in the castle (Hygelac's), 1929.
+
+burh-stede, st. m., _castle-place, place where the castle_ or _city
+stands_: acc. sg. burhstede, 2266.
+
+burh-wela, w. m., _riches, treasure of a castle_ or _city_: gen. sg. þenden
+he burh-welan brucan moste, 3101.
+
+burne, w. f., _spring, fountain_: gen. þaere burnan waelm, _the bubbling of
+the spring_, 2547.
+
+buan, st. v.: 1) _to stay, to remain, to dwell_: inf. gif he weard onfunde
+buan on beorge, _if he had found the watchman dwelling on the mountain_,
+2843.--2) _to inhabit_, w. acc.: meduseld buan, _to inhabit the
+mead-house_, 3066.
+
+ge-buan, w. acc., _to occupy a house, to take possession_: pret. part. hean
+huses, hu hit Hring Dene aefter beorþege gebun haefdon, _how the Danes, after
+their beer-carouse, had occupied it_ (had made their beds in it),
+117.--With the pres. part. buend are the compounds ceaster-, fold-, grund-,
+lond-buend.
+
+bugan, st. v., _to bend, to bow, to sink; to turn, to flee_: prs. sg. III.
+bon-gar bugeeth, _the fatal spear sinks_, i.e. its deadly point is turned
+down, it rests, 2032; inf. þaet se byrnwiga bugan sceolde, _that the armed
+hero had to sink down_ (having received a deadly blow), 2919; similarly,
+2975; pret. sg. beah eft under eorethweall, _turned, fled again behind the
+earth-wall_, 2957; pret. pl. bugon to bence, _turned to the bench_, 327,
+1014; hy on holt bugon, _fled to the wood_, 2599.
+
+a-bugan, _to bend off, to curve away from_: pret. fram sylle abeag medubenc
+monig, _from the threshold curved away many a mead-bench_, 776.
+
+be-bugan, w. acc., _to surround, to encircle_: prs. swa (_which_) waeter
+bebugeeth, 93; efne swa side swa sae bebugeeth windige weallas, _as far as the
+sea encircles windy shores_, 1224.
+
+ge-bugan, _to bend, to bow, to sink_: a) intrans.: heo on flet gebeah,
+_sank on the floor_, 1541; þa gebeah cyning, _then sank the king_, 2981; þa
+se wyrm gebeah snude tosomne (_when the drake at once coiled itself up_),
+2568; gewat þa gebogen scriethan to, _advanced with curved body_ (the drake),
+2570.--b) w. acc. of the thing to which one bends or sinks: pret. selereste
+gebeah, _sank upon the couch in the hall_, 691; similarly gebeag, 1242.
+
+bur, st. n., _apartment, room_: dat. sg. bure, 1311, 2456; dat. pl. burum,
+140.--Comp. bryd-bur.
+
+butan, buton (from be and utan, hence in its meaning referring to what is
+without, excluded): 1) conj. with subjunctive following, _lest_: butan his
+lic swice, _lest his body escape_, 967. With ind. following, _but_: buton
+hit waes mare þonne aenig mon oether to beadulace aetberan meahte, _but it_ (the
+sword) _was greater than any other man could have carried to battle_, 1561.
+After a preceding negative verb, _except_: þara þe gumena bearn gearwe ne
+wiston buton Fitela mid hine, _which the children of men did not know at
+all, except Fitela, who was with him_, 880; ne nom he maethm-aehta ma buton
+þone hafelan, etc., _he took no more of the rich treasure than the head
+alone_, 1615.--2) prep, with dat., _except_: buton folcscare, 73; buton þe,
+658; ealle buton anum, 706.
+
+bycgan, w. v., _to buy, to pay_: inf. ne waes þaet gewrixle til þaet hie on ba
+healfa bicgan scoldon freonda feorum, _that was no good transaction, that
+they, on both sides_ (as well to Grendel as to his mother), _had to pay
+with the lives of their friends_, 1306.
+
+be-bycgan, _to sell_: pret. nu ic on maethma hord mine bebohte frode
+feorhlege (_now I, for the treasure-hoard, gave up my old life_), 2800.
+
+ge-bycgan, _to buy, to acquire; to pay_: pret. w. acc. no þaer aenige ...
+frofre gebohte, _obtained no sort of help, consolation_, 974; hit (his,
+MS.) ealdre gebohte, _paid it with his life_, 2482; pret. part. sylfes
+feore beagas [geboh]te, _bought rings with his own life_, 3015.
+
+byldan, w. v. (_to make_ beald, which see), _to excite, to encourage, to
+brave deeds_: inf. w. acc. swa he Fresena cyn on beorsele byldan wolde (by
+distributing gifts), 1095.
+
+ge-byrd, st. n., "fatum destinatum" (Grein) (?): acc. sg. hie on gebyrd
+hruron gare wunde, 1075.
+
+ge-byrdu, st. f., _birth_; in compound, bearn-gebyrdu.
+
+byrdu-scrud, st. n., _shield-ornament, design upon a shield_(?): nom. sg.,
+2661.
+
+byre, st. m., (_born_) _son_: nom. sg., 2054, 2446, 2622, etc.; nom. pl.
+byre, 1189. In a broader sense, _young man, youth_: acc. pl. baedde byre
+geonge, _encouraged the youths_ (at the banquet), 2019.
+
+byrethen, st. f., _burden_; in comp. maegen-byrethen.
+
+byrele, st. m., _steward, waiter, cupbearer_: nom. pl. byrelas, 1162.
+
+byrgan, w. v., _to feast, to eat_: inf., 448.
+
+ge-byrgea, w. m., _protector_; in comp. leod-gebyrgea.
+
+byrht. See _beorht_.
+
+byrne, w. f., _shirt of mail, mail_: nom. sg. byrne, 405, 1630, etc.;
+hringed byrne, _ring-shirt_, consisting of interlaced rings, 1246; acc. sg.
+byrnan, 1023, etc.; side byrnan, _large coat of mail_, 1292; hringde
+byrnan, 2616; hare byrnan, _gray coat of mail_ (of iron), 2154; dat. sg. on
+byrnan, 2705; gen. sg. byrnan hring, _the ring of the shirt of mail_ (i.e.
+the shirt of mail), 2261; dat. pl. byrnum, 40, 238, etc.; beorhtum byrnum,
+_with gleaming mail_, 3141.--Comp.: gueth-, here-, heaetho-, iren-,
+isern-byrne.
+
+byrnend. See beornan.
+
+byrn-wiga, w. m., _warrior dressed in a coat of mail_: nom. sg., 2919.
+
+bysgu, bisigu, st. f., _trouble, difficulty, opposition_: nom. sg. bisigu,
+281; dat. pl. bisgum, 1744, bysigum, 2581.
+
+bysig, adj., _opposed, in need_, in the compounds lif-bysig, syn-bysig.
+
+byme, w. f., _a wind-instrument, a trumpet, a trombone_: gen. sg. byman
+gealdor, _the sound of the trumpet_, 2944.
+
+bywan, w. v., _to ornament, to prepare_: inf. þa þe beado-griman bywan
+sceoldon, _who should prepare the helmets_, 2258.
+
+
+C
+
+camp, st. m., _combat, fight between two_: dat. sg. in campe (Beowulf's
+with Daeghrefn; cempan, MS.), 2506.
+
+candel, st. f., _light, candle_: nom. sg. rodores candel, of the sun,
+1573.--Comp. woruld-candel.
+
+cempa, w. m., _fighter, warrior, hero_: nom. sg. aeethele cempa, 1313; Geata
+cempa, 1552; reethe cempa, 1586; maere cempa (as voc.), 1762; gyrded cempa,
+2079; dat. sg. geongum (geongan) cempan, 1949, 2045, 2627; Huga cempan,
+2503; acc. pl. cempan, 206.--Comp. feethe-cempa.
+
+cennan, w. v.: 1) _to bear_, w. acc.: efne swa hwylc maegetha swa þone magan
+cende, _who bore the son_, 944; pret. part. þaem eafera waes aefter cenned,
+_to him was a son born_, 12.--2) reflexive, _to show one's self, to reveal
+one's self_: imp. cen þec mid craefte, _prove yourself by your strength_,
+1220.
+
+a-cennan, _to bear_: pret. part. no hie faeder cunnon, hwaeether him aenig waes
+aer acenned dyrnra gasta, _they_ (the people of the country) _do not know
+his_ (Grendel's) _father, nor whether any evil spirit has been before born
+to him_ (whether he has begotten a son), 1357.
+
+cenethu, st. f., _boldness_: acc. sg. cenethu, 2697.
+
+cene, adj., _keen, warlike, bold_: gen. p.. cenra gehwylcum, 769. Superl.,
+acc. pl. cenoste, 206.--Comp.: daed-, gar-cene.
+
+ceald, adj., _cold_: acc. pl. cealde streamas, 1262; dat. pl. cealdum
+cearsiethum, _with cold, sad journeys_, 2397. Superl. nom. sg. wedera
+cealdost, 546;--Comp. morgen-ceald.
+
+cearian, w. v., _to have care, to take care, to trouble one's self_: prs.
+sg. III. na ymb his lif cearaeth, _takes no care for his life_, 1537.
+
+cearig, adj., _troubled, sad_: in comp. sorh-cearig.
+
+cear-sieth, st. m., _sorrowful way, an undertaking that brings sorrow_, i.e.
+a warlike expedition: dat. pl. cearsiethum (of Beowulf's expeditions against
+Eadgils), 2397.
+
+cearu, st. f., _care, sorrow, lamentation_: nom. sg., 1304; acc. sg.
+[ceare], 3173.--Comp.: ealdor-, gueth-, mael-, mod-cearu.
+
+cear-waelm, st. m., _care-agitation, waves of sorrow in the breast_: dat.
+pl. aefter cear-waelmum, 2067.
+
+cear-wylm, st. m., same as above; nom. pl. þa cear-wylmas, 282.
+
+ceaster-buend, pt, _inhabitant of a fortified place, inhabitant of a
+castle_: dat. pl. ceaster-buendum, of those established in Hroethgar's
+castle, 769.
+
+ceap, st. m., _purchase, transaction_: figuratively, nom. sg. naes þaet yethe
+ceap, _no easy transaction_, 2416; instr. sg. þeah þe oether hit ealdre
+gebohte, heardan ceape, _although the one paid it with his life, a dear
+purchase_, 2483.
+
+ge-ceapian, w. v., _to purchase_: pret. part. gold unrime grimme geceapod,
+_gold without measure, bitterly purchased_ (with Beowulf's life), 3013.
+
+be-ceorfan, st. v., _to separate, to cut off_ (with acc. of the pers. and
+instr. of the thing): pret. hine þa heafde becearf, _cut off his head_,
+1591; similarly, 2139.
+
+ceorl, st. m., _man_: nom. sg. snotor ceorl monig, _many a wise man_, 909;
+dat. sg. gomelum ceorle, _the old man_ (of King Hreethel), 2445; so, ealdum
+ceorle, of King Ongenþeow, 2973; nom. pl. snotere ceorlas, _wise men_, 202,
+416, 1592.
+
+ceol, st. m., _keel_, figuratively for the ship: nom. sg., 1913; acc. sg.
+ceol, 38, 238; gen. sg. ceoles, 1807.
+
+ceosan, st. v., _to choose_, hence, _to assume_: inf. þone cynedom ciosan
+wolde, _would assume the royal dignity_, 2377; _to seek_: pret. subj. aer he
+bael cure, _before he sought his funeral-pile_ (before he died), 2819.
+
+ge-ceosan, _to choose, to elect_: gerund, to geceosenne cyning aenigne
+(selran), _to choose a better king_, 1852; imp. þe þaet selre ge-ceos,
+_choose thee the better_ (of two: bealonieth and ece raedas), 1759; pret. he
+usic on herge geceas to þyssum siethfate, _selected us among the soldiers for
+this undertaking_, 2639; geceas ecne raed, _chose the everlasting gain_,
+i.e. died, 1202; similarly, godes leoht geceas, 2470; pret. part. acc. pl.
+haefde ... cempan gecorone, 206.
+
+on-cirran, w. v., _to turn, to change_: inf. ne meahte ... þaes wealdendes
+[willan] wiht on-cirran, _could not change the will of the Almighty_, 2858;
+pret. ufor oncirde, _turned higher_, 2952; þyder oncirde, _turned thither_,
+2971.
+
+a-cigan, w. v., _to call hither_: pret. acigde of corethre cyninges þegnas
+syfone, _called from the retinue of the king seven men_, 3122.
+
+clam, clom, st. m., f. n.? _fetter_, figuratively of a strong gripe: dat.
+pl. heardan clammum, 964; heardum clammum, 1336; atolan clommum (horrible
+claws of the mother of Grendel), 1503.
+
+clif, cleof, st. n., _cliff, promontory_: acc. pl. Geata clifu,
+1912.--Comp.: brim-, eg-, holm-, stan-clif.
+
+ge-cnawan, st. v., _to know, to recognize_: inf. meaht þu, min wine, mece
+gecnawan, _mayst thou, my friend, recognize the sword_, 2048.
+
+on-cnawan, _to recognize, to distinguish_: hordweard oncniow mannes reorde,
+_distinguished the speech of a man_, 2555.
+
+cniht, st. m., _boy, youth_: dat. pl. þyssum cnyhtum, _to these boys_
+(Hroethgar's sons), 1220.
+
+cniht-wesende, prs. part., _being a boy_ or _a youth_: acc. sg. ic hine
+cuethe cniht-wesende, _knew him while still a boy_, 372; nom. pl. wit þaet
+gecwaedon cniht-wesende, _we both as young men said that_, 535.
+
+cnyssan, w. v., _to strike, to dash against each other_: pret. pl. þonne
+... eoferas cnysedan, _when the bold warriors dashed against each other,
+stormed_ (in battle), 1329.
+
+collen-ferheth, -fereth, adj., (properly, _of swollen mind_), _of uncommon
+thoughts, in his way of thinking, standing higher than others,
+high-minded_: nom. sg. cuma collen-ferheth, of Beowulf, 1807; collen-fereth, of
+Wiglaf, 2786.
+
+corether, st. n., _troop, division of an army, retinue_: dat. sg. þa waes ...
+Fin slaegen, cyning on corethre, _then was Fin slain, the king in the troop_
+(of warriors), 1154; of corethre cyninges, _out of the retinue of the king_,
+3122.
+
+costian, w. v., _to try_; pret. (w. gen.) he min costode, _tried me_, 2085.
+
+cofa, w. m., _apartment, sleeping-room, couch_: in comp. ban-cofa.
+
+col, adj., _cool_: compar. cearwylmas colran wurethaeth, _the waves of sorrow
+become cooler_, i.e. the mind becomes quiet, 282; him wiflufan ... colran
+weorethaeth, _his love for his wife cools_, 2067.
+
+craeft, st. m., _the condition of being able_, hence: 1) _physical
+strength_: nom. sg. maegetha craeft, 1284; acc. sg. maegenes craeft, 418; þurh
+anes craeft, 700; craeft and cenethu, 2697; dat. (instr.) sg. craefte, 983,
+1220, 2182, 2361.--2) _art, craft, skill_: dat. sg. as instr. dyrnum
+craefte, _with secret_ (magic) _art_, 2169; dyrnan craefte, 2291; þeofes
+craefte, _with thief's craft_, 2221; dat. pl. deofles craeftum, _by devil's
+art_ (sorcery), 2089.--3) _great quantity_ (?): acc. sg. wyrm-horda craeft,
+2223.--Comp.: leoetho-, maegen-, nearo-, wig-craeft.
+
+craeftig, adj.: 1) _strong, stout_: nom. sg. eafoethes craeftig, 1467; nietha
+craeftig, 1963. Comp. wig-craeftig.--2) _adroit, skilful_: in comp.
+lagu-craeftig.--3) _rich_ (of treasures); in comp. eacen-craeftig.
+
+cringan, st. v., _to fall in combat, to fall with the writhing movement of
+those mortally wounded_: pret. subj. on wael crunge, _would sink into death,
+would fall_, 636; pret. pl. for the pluperfect, sume on waele crungon, 1114.
+
+ge-cringan, same as above: pret. he under rande gecranc, _fell under his
+shield_, 1210; aet wige gecrang, _fell in battle_, 1338; heo on flet
+gecrong, _fell to the ground_, 1569; in campe gecrong, _fell in single
+combat_, 2506.
+
+cuma (_he who comes_), w. m., _newcomer, guest_: nom. sg. 1807.--Comp.:
+cwealm-, wil-cuma.
+
+cuman, st. v., _to come_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu on weg cymest, _if thou
+comest from there_, 1383; III. cymeeth, 2059; pres. subj. sg. III. cume, 23;
+pl. þonne we ut cymen, _when we come out_, 3107; inf. cuman, 244, 281,
+1870; pret. sg. com, 430, 569, 826, 1134, 1507, 1601, etc.; cwom, 419,
+2915; pret. subj. sg. cwome, 732; pret. part. cumen, 376; pl. cumene, 361.
+Often with the inf. of a verb of motion, as, com gongan, 711; com siethian,
+721; com in gan, 1645; cwom gan, 1163; com scacan, 1803; cwomon laedan, 239;
+cwomon secean, 268; cwoman scriethan, 651, etc. [pret. com, etc.]
+
+be-cuman, _to come, to approach, to arrive_: pret. syethethan niht becom,
+_after the night had come_, 115; þe on þa leode becom, _that had come over
+the people_, 192; þa he to ham becom, 2993. And with inf. following: stefn
+in becom ... hlynnan under harne stan, 2553; lyt eft becwom ... hames
+niosan, 2366; oeth þaet ende becwom, 1255; similarly, 2117. With acc. of
+pers.: þa hyne sio þrag becwom, _when this time of battle came over him_,
+2884.
+
+ofer-cuman, _to overcome, to compel_: pret. þy he þone feond ofercwom,
+_thereby he overcame the foe_, 1274: pl. hie feond heora ... ofercomon,
+700; pret. part. (w. gen.) nietha ofercumen, _compelled by combats_, 846.
+
+cumbol, cumbor, st. m., _banner_: gen. sg. cumbles hyrde, 2506.--Comp.
+hilte-cumbor.
+
+cund, adj., _originating in, descended from_: in comp. feorran-cund.
+
+cunnan, verb pret. pres.: 1) _to know, to be acquainted with_ (w. acc. or
+depend, clause): sg. pres. I. ic minne can glaedne Hroethulf þaet he ... wile,
+_I know my gracious H., that he will_..., 1181; II. eard git ne const,
+_thou knowest not yet the land_, 1378; III. he þaet wyrse ne con, _knows no
+worse_, 1740. And reflexive: con him land geare, _knows the land well_,
+2063; pl. men ne cunnon hwyder helrunan scriethaeth, _men do not know
+whither_..., 162; pret. sg. ic hine cuethe, _knew him_, 372; cuethe he dugueth
+þeaw, _knew the customs of the distinguished courtiers_, 359; so with the
+acc., 2013; seolfa ne cuethe þurh hwaet..., _he himself did not know through
+what_..., 3068; pl. sorge ne cuethon, 119; so with the acc., 180, 418, 1234.
+With both (acc. and depend. clause): no hie faeder cunnon (scil. no hie
+cunnon) hwaeether him aenig waes aer acenned dyrnra gasta, 1356.--2) with inf.
+following, _can, to be able_: prs. sg. him bebeorgan ne con, _cannot defend
+himself_, 1747; prs. pl. men ne cunnon secgan, _cannot say_, 50; pret. sg.
+cuethe reccan, 90; beorgan cuethe, 1446; pret. pl. herian ne cuethon, _could not
+praise_, 182; pret. subj. healdan cuethe, 2373.
+
+cunnian, w. v., _to inquire into, to try_, w. gen. or acc.: inf. sund
+cunnian (figurative for _roam over the sea_), 1427, 1445; geongne cempan
+higes cunnian, _to try the young warrior's mind_, 2046; pret. eard cunnode,
+_tried the home_, i.e. came to it, 1501; pl. wada cunnedon, _tried the
+flood_, i.e. swam through the sea, 508.
+
+cueth, adj.: 1) _known, well known; manifest, certain_: nom. sg. undyrne cueth,
+150, 410; wide cueth, 2924; acc. sg. fern. cuethe folme, 1304; cuethe straete,
+1635; nom. pl. ecge cuethe, 1146; acc. pl. cuethe naessas, 1913.--2) _renowned_:
+nom. sg. guethum cueth, 2179; nom. pl. cystum cuethe, 868.--3) also, _friendly,
+dear, good_ (see un-cueth).--Comp.: un-, wid-cueth.
+
+cueth-lice, adv., _openly, publicly_: comp. no her cuethlicor cuman ongunnon
+lind-haebbende, _no shield-bearing men undertook more boldly to come hither_
+(the coast-watchman means by this the secret landing of the Vikings), 244.
+
+cwalu, st. f., _murder, fall_: in comp. deaeth-cwalu.
+
+cweccan (_to make alive_, see cwic), w. v., _to move, to swing_: pret.
+cwehte maegen-wudu, _swung the wood of strength_ (= spear), 235.
+
+cweethan, st. v., _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: prs. sg. III. cwieth aet
+beore, _speaks at beer-drinking_, 2042.--b) w. acc.: pret. word aefter cwaeeth,
+315; fea worda cwaeeth, 2247, 2663.--c) with þaet following: pret. sg. cwaeeth,
+92, 2159; pl. cwaedon, 3182.--d) with þaet omitted: pret. cwaeeth he gueth-cyning
+secean wolde, _said he would seek out the war-king_, 199; similarly, 1811,
+2940.
+
+a-cweethan, _to say, to speak_, w. acc.: prs. þaet word acwyeth, _speaks the
+word_, 2047; pret. þaet word acwaeeth, 655.
+
+ge-cweethan, _to say, to speak_: a) absolutely: pret. sg. II. swa þu gecwaede,
+2665.--b)w. acc.: pret. wel-hwylc gecwaeeth, _spoke everything_, 875; pl. wit
+þaet gecwaedon, 535.--c) w. þaet following: pret. gecwaeeth, 858, 988.
+
+cwellan, w. v., (_to make die_), _to kill, to murder_: pret. sg. II. þu
+Grendel cwealdest, 1335.
+
+a-cwellan, _to kill_: pret. sg. (he) wyrm acwealde, 887; þone þe Grendel aer
+mane acwealde, _whom Grendel had before wickedly murdered_, 1056; beorn
+acwealde, 2122.
+
+cwen, st. f.: 1) _wife, consort_ (of noble birth): nom. sg. cwen, 62;
+(Hroethgar's), 614, 924; (Finn's), 1154.--2) particularly denoting the queen:
+nom. sg. beaghroden cwen (Wealhþeow), 624; maeru cwen, 2017; fremu folces
+cwen (Þryetho), 1933; acc. sg. cwen (Wealhþeow), 666.-Comp. folc-cwen.
+
+cwen-lic, adj., _feminine, womanly_: nom. sg. ne bieth swylc cwenlic þeaw
+(_such is not the custom of women, does not become a woman_), 1941.
+
+cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder, destruction_: acc. sg. þone cwealm
+gewraec, _avenged the death_ (of Abel by Cain), 107; maendon mondryhtnes
+cwealm, _lamented the ruler's fall_, 3150.--Comp.: bealo-, deaeth-,
+gar-cwealm.
+
+cwealm-bealu, st. n., _the evil of murder_: acc. sg., 1941.
+
+cwealm-cuma, w. m., _one coming for murder, a new-comer who contemplates
+murder_: acc. sg. þone cwealm-cuman (of Grendel), 793.
+
+cwic and cwico, adj., _quick, having life, alive_: acc. sg. cwicne, 793,
+2786; gen. sg. aht cwices, _something living_, 2315; nom. pl. cwice, 98;
+cwico waes þa gena, _was still alive_, 3094.
+
+cwide, st. m., _word, speech, saying_: in comp. gegn-, gilp-, hleo-, ethor-
+[non-existant form--KTH], word-cwide.
+
+cwiethan, st. v., _to complain, to lament_: inf. w. acc. ongan ... gioguethe
+cwiethan hilde-strengo, _began to lament the_ (departed) _battle-strength of
+his youth_, 2113 [ceare] cwiethan, _lament their cares_, 3173.
+
+cyme, st. m., _coming, arrival_: nom. pl. hwanan eowre cyme syndon, _whence
+your coming is_, i. e. whence ye are, 257.--Comp. eft-cyme.
+
+cymlice, adv., (convenienter), _splendidly, grandly_: comp. cymlicor, 38.
+
+cyn, st. n., _race_, both in the general sense, and denoting noble lineage:
+nom. sg. Fresena cyn, 1094; Wedera (gara, MS.) cyn, 461; acc. sg. eotena
+cyn, 421; giganta cyn, 1691; dat. sg. Caines cynne, 107; manna cynne, 811,
+915, 1726; eowrum (of those who desert Beowulf in battle) cynne, 2886; gen.
+sg. manna (gumena) cynnes, 702, etc.; maeran cynnes, 1730; laethan cynnes,
+2009, 2355; usses cynnes Waegmundinga, 2814; gen. pl. cynna gehwylcum,
+98.--Comp.: eormen-, feorh-, frum-, gum-, man-, wyrm-cyn.
+
+cyn, st. n., _that which is suitable or proper_: gen. pl. cynna (of
+etiquette) gemyndig, 614.
+
+ge-cynde, adj., _innate, peculiar, natural_: nom. sg., 2198, 2697.
+
+cyne-dom, st. m., _kingdom, royal dignity_: acc. sg., 2377.
+
+cyning, st. m., _king_: nom. acc. sg. cyning, II, 864, 921, etc.; kyning,
+620, 3173; dat. sg. cyninge, 3094; gen. sg. cyninges, 868, 1211; gen. pl.
+kyning[a] wuldor, of God, 666.--Comp. beorn-, eoreth-, folc-, gueth-, heah-,
+leod-, sae-, soeth-, þeod-, worold-, wuldor-cyning.
+
+cyning-beald, adj., "_nobly bold_" (Thorpe), _excellently brave_ (?): nom.
+pl. cyning-balde men, 1635.
+
+ge-cyssan, w. v., _to kiss_: pret. gecyste þa cyning ... þegen betstan,
+_kissed the best thane_ (Beowulf), 1871.
+
+cyst (_choosing_, see ceosan), st. f., _the select, the best of a thing,
+good quality, excellence_: nom. sg. irenna cyst, _of the swords_, 803,
+1698; waepna cyst, 1560; symbla cyst, _choice banquet_, 1233; acc. sg. irena
+cyst, 674; dat. pl. foldwegas ... cystum cuethe, _known through excellent
+qualities_, 868; (cyning) cystum gecyethed, 924.--Comp. gum-, hilde-cyst.
+
+cyeth. See on-cyeth.
+
+cyethan (see cueth), w. v., _to make known, to manifest, to show_: imp. sg.
+maegen-ellen cyeth, _show thy heroic strength_, 660; inf. cwealmbealu cyethan,
+1941; ellen cyethan, 2696.
+
+ge-cyethan (_to make known_, hence): 1) _to give information, to announce_:
+inf. andsware gecyethan, _to give answer_, 354; gerund, to gecyethanne hwanan
+eowre cyme syndon (_to show whence ye come_), 257; pret. part. soeth is
+gecyethed þaet ... (_the truth has become known_, it has shown itself to be
+true), 701; Higelace waes sieth Beowulfes snude gecyethed, _the arrival of B.
+was quickly announced_, 1972; similarly, 2325.--2) _to make celebrated_, in
+pret. part.: waes min faeder folcum gecyethed (_my father was known to
+warriors_), 262; waes his modsefa manegum gecyethed, 349; cystum gecyethed, 924.
+
+cyethethu (properly, _condition of being known_, hence _relationship_), st. f.,
+_home, country, land_: in comp. feor-cyethethu. [should be cyeth, feor-cyeth--KTH]
+
+ge-cypan, w. v., _to purchase_: inf. naes him aenig þearf þaet he ... þurfe
+wyrsan wigfrecan weorethe gecypan, _had need to buy with treasures no
+inferior warrior_, 2497.
+
+
+D
+
+daroeth, st. m., _spear_: dat. pl. dareethum lacan (_to fight_), 2849.
+
+ge-dal, st. n., _parting, separation_: nom. sg. his worulde gedal, _his
+separation from the world_ (his death), 3069.--Comp. ealdor-, lif-gedal.
+
+daeg, st. m., _day_: nom. sg. daeg, 485, 732, 2647; acc. sg. daeg, 2400;
+andlangne daeg, _the whole day_, 2116; morgenlongne daeg (_the whole
+morning_), 2895; oeth domes daeg, _till judgment-day_, 3070; dat. sg. on þaem
+daege þysses lifes (eo tempore, tunc), 197, 791, 807; gen. sg. daeges, 1601,
+2321; hwil daeges, _a day's time, a whole day_, 1496; daeges and nihtes, _day
+and night_, 2270; daeges, _by day_, 1936; dat. pl. on tyn dagum, _in ten
+days_, 3161.--Comp. aer-, deaeth-, ende-, ealdor-, fyrn-, gear-, laen-, lif-,
+swylt-, win-daeg, an-daeges.
+
+daeg-hwil, st. f., _day-time_: acc. pl. þaet he daeghwila gedrogen haefde
+eorethan wynne, _that he had enjoyed earth's pleasures during the days_
+(appointed to him), i.e. that his life was finished, 2727.--(After Grein.)
+
+daeg-rim, st. n., _series of days, fixed number of days_: nom. sg. dogera
+daegrim (_number of the days of his life_), 824.
+
+daed, st. f., _deed, action_: acc. sg. deorlice daed, 585; domleasan daed,
+2891; frecne daede, 890; daed, 941; acc. pl. Grendles daeda, 195; gen. pl.
+daeda, 181, 479, 2455, etc.; dat. pl. daedum, 1228, 2437, etc.--Comp. ellen-,
+fyren-, lof-daed.
+
+daed-cene, adj., _bold in deed_: nom. sg. daed-cene mon, 1646.
+
+daed-fruma, w. m., _doer of deeds, doer_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 2091.
+
+daed-bata, w. m., _he who pursues with his deeds_: nom. sg., of Grendel,
+275.
+
+daedla, w. m., _doer_: in comp. man-for-daedla.
+
+dael, st. m., _part, portion_: acc. sg. dael, 622, 2246, 3128; acc. pl.
+daelas, 1733.--Often dael designates the portion of a thing or of a quality
+which belongs in general to an individual, as, oeth þaet him on innan
+oferhygda dael weaxeeth, _till in his bosom his portion of arrogance
+increases_: i.e. whatever arrogance he has, his arrogance, 1741. Biowulfe
+weareth dryhtmaethma dael deaethe, forgolden, _to Beowulf his part of the splendid
+treasures was paid with death_, i.e. whatever splendid treasures were
+allotted to him, whatever part of them he could win in the fight with the
+dragon, 2844; similarly, 1151, 1753, 2029, 2069, 3128.
+
+daelan, w. v., _to divide, to bestow, to share with_, w. acc.: pres. sg.
+III. madmas daeleeth, 1757; pres. subj. þaet he wieth aglaecean eofoetho daele, _that
+he bestow his strength upon_ (strive with) _the bringer of misery_ the
+drake), 2535; inf. hringas daelan, 1971; pret. beagas daelde, 80; sceattas
+daelde, 1687.
+
+be-daelan, w. instr., _(to divide), to tear away from, to strip of_: pret.
+part. dreamum (dreame) bedaeled, _deprived of the heavenly joys_ (of
+Grendel), 722, 1276.
+
+ge-daelan: 1) _to distribute_: inf. (w. acc. _of the thing distributed_);
+baer on innan eall gedaelan geongum and ealdum swylc him god sealde,
+_distribute therein to young and old all that God had given him_, 71.--2)
+_to divide, to separate_, with acc.: inf. sundur gedaelan lif wieth lice,
+_separate life from the body_, 2423; so pret. subj. þaet he gedaelde ... anra
+gehwylces lif wieth lice, 732.
+
+denn (cf. denu, dene, vallis), st. n., _den, cave_: acc. sg. þaes wyrmes
+denn, 2761; gen. sg. (draca) gewat dennes niosian, 3046.
+
+ge-defe, adj.: 1) (impersonal) _proper, appropriate_: nom. sg. swa hit
+gedefe waes (bieth), _as was appropriate, proper_, 561, 1671, 3176.--2) _good,
+kind, friendly_; nom sg. beo þu suna minum daedum gedefe, _be friendly to my
+son by deeds_ (support my son in deed, namely, when he shall have attained
+to the government), 1228.--Comp. un-ge-defelice.
+
+deman (see dom), w. v.: 1) _to judge, to award justly_: pres. subj. maeretho
+deme, 688.--2) _to judge favorably, to praise, to glorify_: pret. pl. his
+ellenweorc duguethum demdon, _praised his heroic deed with all their might_,
+3176.
+
+demend, _judge_: daeda demend (of God), 181.
+
+deal, adj., "superbus, clarus, fretus" (Grimm): nom. pl. þryethum dealle,
+494.
+
+dead, adj., _dead_: nom. sg. 467, 1324, 2373; acc. sg. deadne, 1310.
+
+deaeth, st. m., _death, dying_: nom. sg, deaeth, 441, 447, etc.; acc. sg. deaeth,
+2169; dat. sg. deaethe, 1389, 1590, (as instr.) 2844, 3046; gen. sg. deaethes
+wylm, 2270; deaethes nyd, 2455.--Comp. gueth-, wael-, wundor-deaeth.
+
+deaeth-bed, st. n., _death-bed_: dat. sg. deaeth-bedde faest, 2902.
+
+deaeth-cwalu, st. f., _violent death_, _ruin and death_: dat. pl. to
+deaeth-cwalum, 1713.
+
+deaeth-cwealm, st. m., _violent death, murder_: nom. sg. 1671.
+
+deaeth-daeg, st. m., _death-day, dying day_: dat. sg. aefter deaeth-daege (_after
+his death_), 187, 886.
+
+deaeth-faege, adj., _given over to death_: nom. sg. (Grendel) deaeth-faege deog,
+_had hidden himself, being given over to death_ (mortally wounded), 851.
+
+deaeth-scua, w. m., _death-shadow, ghostly being, demon of death_: nom. sg.
+deorc deaeth-scua (of Grendel), 160.
+
+deaeth-werig, adj., _weakened by death_, i.e. dead: acc. sg. deaeth-werigne,
+2126. See werig.
+
+deaeth-wic, st. n. _death's house, home of death_: acc. sg. gewat deaethwic
+seon (_had died_), 1276.
+
+deagan (O.H.G. pret. part. tougan, _hidden_), _to conceal one's self, to
+hide_: pret. (for pluperf.) deog, 851.--Leo.
+
+deorc, adj., _dark_: of the night, nom. sg. (nihthelm) deorc, 1791; dat.
+pl. deorcum nihtum, 275, 2212; of the terrible Grendel, nom. sg. deorc
+deaeth-scua, 160.
+
+deofol, st. m. n., _devil_: gen. sg. deofles, 2089; gen. pl. deofla, of
+Grendel and his troop, 757, 1681.
+
+deogol, dygol, adj., _concealed, hidden, inaccessible, beyond information,
+unknown_: nom. sg. deogol daedhata (of Grendel), 275; acc. sg. dygel lond,
+_inaccessible land_, 1358.
+
+deop, st. n., _deep, abyss_: acc. sg., 2550.
+
+deop, adv. _deeply_: acc. sg. deop waeter, 509, 1905.
+
+diope, adj., _deep_: hit oeth domes daeg diope benemdon þeodnas maere, _the
+illustrious rulers had charmed it deeply till the judgment-day, had laid a
+solemn spell upon it_, 3070.
+
+deor, st. n., _animal, wild animal_: in comp. mere-, sae-deor.
+
+deor, adj.: 1) _wild, terrible_: nom. sg. dior daed-fruma (of Grendel),
+2091.--2) _bold, brave_: nom. naenig ... deor, 1934.--Comp.: heaethu-,
+hilde-deor.
+
+deore, dyre, adj.: 1) _dear, costly_ (high in price): acc. sg. dyre iren,
+2051; drincfaet dyre (deore), 2307, 2255; instr. sg. deoran sweorde, 561;
+dat. sg. deorum maethme, 1529; nom. pl. dyre swyrd, 3049; acc. pl. deore
+(dyre) maethmas, 2237, 3132.--2) _dear, beloved, worthy_: nom. sg. f., aeethelum
+diore, _worthy by reason of origin_, 1950; dat. sg. aefter deorum men, 1880;
+gen. sg. deorre duguethe, 488; superl. acc. sg. aldorþegn þone deorestan,
+1310.
+
+deor-lic, adj., _bold, brave_: acc. sg. deorlice daed, 585. See deor.
+
+disc, st. m., _disc, plate, flat dish_: nom. acc. pl. discas, 2776, 3049.
+
+ge-digan. See ge-dygan.
+
+dol-gilp, st. m., _mad boast, foolish pride, vain-glory, thoughtless
+audacity_: dat. sg. for dolgilpe, 509.
+
+dol-lic, adj., _audacious_: gen. pl. maest ... daeda dollicra, 2647.
+
+dol-sceaetha, w. m., _bold enemy_: acc. sg. þone dol-scaethan (Grendel), 479.
+
+dogor, st. m. n., _day_; 1) day as a period of 24 hours: gen. sg. ymb antid
+oethres dogores, _at the same time of the next day_, 219; morgen-leoht oethres
+dogores, _the morning-light of the second day_, 606.--2) day in the usual
+sense: acc. sg. n. þys dogor, _during this day_, 1396; instr. þy dogore,
+1798; forman dogore, 2574; gen. pl. dogora gehwam, 88; dogra gehwylce,
+1091; dogera daegrim, _the number of his days_ (the days of his life),
+824.--3) _day_ in the wider sense of time: dat. pl. ufaran dogrum, _in
+later days, times_, 2201, 2393.--Comp. ende-dogor.
+
+dogor-gerim, st. n., _series of days_: gen. sg. waes eall sceacen
+dogor-gerimes, _the whole number of his days_ (his life) _was past_, 2729.
+
+dohtor, st. f., _daughter_: nom. acc. sg. dohtor, 375, 1077, 1930, 1982,
+etc.
+
+dom, st. m.: I., _condition, state in general_; in comp. cyne-,
+wis-dom.--II., having reference to justice, hence: 1) _judgment, judicial
+opinion_: instr. sg. weotena dome, _according to the judgment of the
+Witan_, 1099. 2) _custom_: aefter dome, _according to custom_, 1721. 3)
+_court, tribunal_: gen. sg. miclan domes, 979; oeth domes daeg, 3070, both
+times of the last judgment.--III., _condition of freedom_ or _superiority_,
+hence: 4) _choice, free will_: acc. sg. on sinne sylfes dom, _according to
+his own choice_, 2148; instr. sg. selfes dome, 896, 2777. 5) _might,
+power_: nom. sg. dom godes, 2859; acc. sg. Eofores anne dom, 2965; dat. sg.
+drihtnes dome, 441. 6) _glory, honor, renown_: nom. sg. [dom], 955; dom
+unlytel, _not a little glory_, 886; þaet waes forma sieth deorum maethme þaet his
+dom alaeg, _it was the first time to the dear treasure_ (the sword Hrunting)
+_that its fame was not made good_, 1529; acc. sg. ic me dom gewyrce, _make
+renown for myself_, 1492; þaet þu ne alaete dom gedreosan, _that thou let not
+honor fall_, 2667; dat. instr. sg. þaer he dome forleas, _here he lost his
+reputation_, 1471; dome gewurethad, _adorned with glory_, 1646; gen. sg.
+wyrce se þe mote domes, _let him make himself reputation, whoever is able_,
+1389. 7) _splendor_ (in heaven): acc. soeth-faestra dom, _the glory of the
+saints_, 2821.
+
+dom-leas, adj., _without reputation, inglorious_: acc. sg. f. domleasan
+daed, 2891.
+
+don, red. v., _to do, to make, to treat_: 1) absolutely: imp. doeth swa ic
+bidde, _do as I beg_, 1232.--2) w. acc.: inf. het hire selfre sunu on bael
+don, 1117; pret. þa he him of dyde isernbyrnan, _took off the iron
+corselet_, 672; (þonne) him Hunlafing, ... billa selest, on bearm dyde,
+_when he made a present to him of Hunlafing, the best of swords_, 1145;
+dyde him of healse hring gyldenne, _took off the gold ring from his neck_,
+2810; ne him þaes wyrmes wig for wiht dyde, eafoeth and ellen, _nor did he
+reckon as anything the drake's fighting, power, and strength_, 2349; pl. hi
+on beorg dydon beg and siglu, _placed in the (grave-) mound rings and
+ornaments_, 3165.--3) representing preceding verbs: inf. to Geatum sprec
+mildum wordum! swa sceal man don, _as one should do_, 1173; similarly,
+1535, 2167; pres. metod eallum weold, swa he nu git deeth, _the creator ruled
+over all, as he still does_, 1059; similarly, 2471, 2860, and (sg. for pl.)
+1135; pret. II. swa þu aer dydest, 1677; III. swa he nu gyt dyde, 957;
+similarly, 1382, 1892, 2522; pl. swa hie oft aer dydon, 1239; similarly,
+3071. With the case also which the preceding verb governs: wen' ic þaet he
+wille ... Geatena leode etan unforhte, swa he oft dyde maegen Hreethmanna, _I
+believe he will wish to devour the Geat people, the fearless, as he often
+did_ (devoured) _the bloom of the Hreethmen_, 444; gif ic þaet gefricge ...
+þaet þec ymbesittend egesan þywaeth, swa þec hetende hwilum dydon, _that the
+neighbors distress thee as once the enemy did thee_ (i.e. distressed),
+1829; gif ic owihte maeg þinre mod-lufan maran tilian þonne ic gyt dyde, _if
+I can with anything obtain thy greater love than I have yet done_, 1825;
+similarly, pl. þonne þa dydon, 44.
+
+ge-don, _to do, to make_, with the acc. and predicate adj.: prs. (god)
+gedeeth him swa gewealdene worolde daelas, _makes the parts of the world_
+(i.e. the whole world) _so subject that ..._, 1733; inf. ne hyne on
+medo-bence micles wyrethne drihten wereda gedon wolde, _nor would the leader
+of the people much honor him at the mead-banquet_, 2187. With adv.: he mec
+þaer on innan ... gedon wolde, _wished to place me in there_, 2091.
+
+draca, w. m., _drake, dragon_: nom. sg., 893, 2212; acc. sg. dracan, 2403,
+3132; gen. sg., 2089, 2291, 2550.--Comp.: eoreth-, fyr-, leg-, lig-,
+nieth-draca.
+
+on-draedan, st. v., w. acc. of the thing and dat. of the pers., _to fear, to
+be afraid of_: inf. þaet þu him on-draedan ne þearft ... aldorbealu, _needest
+not fear death for them_, 1675; pret. no he him þa saecce ondred, _was not
+afraid of the combat_, 2348.
+
+ge-draeg (from dragan, in the sense se gerere), st. n., _demeanor, actions_:
+acc. sg. secan deofla gedraeg, 757.
+
+drepan, st. v., _to hit, to strike_: pret. sg. sweorde drep ferheth-geniethlan,
+2881; pret. part. bieth on hreethre ... drepen biteran straele, _struck in the
+breast with piercing arrow_, 1746; waes in feorh dropen (_fatally hit_),
+2982.
+
+drepe, st. m., _blow, stroke_: acc. sg. drepe, 1590.
+
+drefan, ge-drefan, w. v., _to move, to agitate, to stir up_: inf. gewat ...
+drefan deop waeter (_to navigate_), 1905; pret. part. waeter under stod
+dreorig and gedrefed, 1418.
+
+dream, st. m., _rejoicing, joyous actions, joy_: nom. sg. haeleetha dream,
+497; acc. sg. dream hludne, 88; þu ... dream healdende, _thou who livest in
+rejoicing_ (at the drinking-carouse), _who art joyous_, 1228: dat. instr.
+sg. dreame bedaeled, 1276; gen. pl. dreama leas, 851; dat. pl. dreamum (here
+adverbial) lifdon, _lived in rejoicing, joyously_, 99; dreamum bedaeled,
+722; the last may refer also to heavenly joys.--Comp. gleo-, gum-, man-,
+sele-dream.
+
+dream-leas, adj., _without rejoicing, joyless_: nom. sg. of King Heremod,
+1721.
+
+dreogan, st. v.: 1) _to lead a life, to be in a certain condition_: pret.
+dreah aefter dome, _lived in honor, honorably_, 2180; pret. pl. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, þaet hie aer drugon aldorlease lange hwile, _(God) had seen the great
+distress, (had seen) that they had lived long without a ruler_ (?), 15.--2)
+_to experience, to live through, to do, to make, to enjoy_: imp. dreoh
+symbelwynne, _pass through the pleasure of the meal, to enjoy the meal_,
+1783; inf. driht-scype dreogan (_do a heroic deed_), 1471; pret. sundnytte
+dreah (_had the occupation of swimming_, i.e. swam through the sea), 2361;
+pret. pl. hie gewin drugon (_fought_), 799; hi sieth drugon, _made the way,
+went_, 1967.--3) _to experience, to bear, to suffer_: scealt werhetho
+dreogan, _shall suffer damnation_, 590; pret. þegn-sorge dreah, _bore
+sorrow for his heroes_, 131; nearoþearfe dreah, 422; pret. pl. inwidsorge
+þe hie aer drugon, 832; similarly, 1859.
+
+a-dreogan, _to suffer, to endure_: inf. wraec adreogan, 3079.
+
+ge-dreogan, _to live through, to enjoy_, pret. part. þaet he ... gedrogen
+haefde eorethan wynne, _that he had now enjoyed the pleasures of earth_ (i.e.
+that he was at his death), 2727.
+
+dreor, st. m., _blood dropping or flowing from wounds_: instr. sg. dreore,
+447.--Comp. heoru-, sawul-, wael-dreor.
+
+dreor-fah, adj., _colored with blood, spotted with blood_: nom. sg. 485.
+
+dreorig, adj., _bloody, bleeding_: nom. sg. waeter stod dreorig, 1418; acc.
+sg. dryhten sinne driorigne fand, 2790.--Comp. heoru-dreorig.
+
+ge-dreosan, st. v., _to fall down, to sink_: pres. sg. III. lic-homa laene
+gedreoseeth, _the body, belonging to death, sinks down_, 1755; inf. þaet þu ne
+alaete dom gedreosan, _honor fall, sink_, 2667.
+
+drincan, st. v., _to drink_ (with and without the acc.): pres. part. nom.
+pl. ealo drincende, 1946; pret. blod edrum dranc, _drank the blood in
+streams_(?), 743; pret. pl. druncon win weras, _the men drank wine_, 1234;
+þaer guman druncon, _where the men drank_, 1649. The pret. part., when it
+stands absolutely, has an active sense: nom. pl. druncne dryhtguman, _ye
+warriors who have drunk, are drinking_, 1232; acc. pl. nealles druncne slog
+heoreth-geneatas, _slew not his hearth-companions who had drunk with him_,
+i.e. at the banquet, 2180. With the instr. it means _drunken_: nom. sg.
+beore (wine) druncen, 531, 1468; nom. pl. beore druncne, 480.
+
+drifan, st. v., _to drive_: pres. pl. þa þe brentingas ofer floda genipu
+feorran drifaeth, _who drive their ships thither from afar over the darkness
+of the sea_, 2809; inf. (w. acc.) þeah þe he [ne] meahte on mere drifan
+hringedstefnan, _although he could not drive the ship on the sea_, 1131.
+
+to-drifan, _to drive apart, to disperse_: pret. oeth þaet unc flod todraf,
+545.
+
+drohtoeth, st. m., _mode of living_ or _acting, calling, employment_: nom.
+sg. ne waes his drohtoeth þaer swylce he aer gemette, _there was no employment
+for him_ (Grendel) _there such as he had found formerly_, 757.
+
+drusian, w. v. (cf. dreosan, properly, _to be ready to fall_; here of
+water), _to stagnate, to be putrid_. pret. lagu drusade (through the blood
+of Grendel and his mother), 1631.
+
+dryht, driht, st. f., _company, troop, band of warriors; noble band_: in
+comp. mago-driht.
+
+ge-dryht, ge-driht, st. f., _troop, band of noble warriors_: nom. sg. minra
+eorla gedryht, 431; acc. sg. aeethelinga gedriht, 118; mid his eorla (haeleetha)
+gedriht (gedryht), 357, 663; similarly, 634, 1673.--Comp. sibbe-gedriht.
+
+dryht-bearn, st. n., _youth from a noble warrior band, noble young man_:
+nom. sg. dryhtbearn Dena, 2036.
+
+dryhten, drihten, st. m., _commander, lord_: a) _temporal lord_: nom. sg.
+dryhten, 1485, 2001, etc.; drihten, 1051; dat. dryhtne, 2483, etc.;
+dryhten, 1832.--b) _God_: nom. drihten, 108, etc.; dryhten, 687, etc.; dat.
+sg. dryhtne, 1693, etc.; drihtne, 1399, etc.; gen. sg. dryhtnes, 441;
+drihtnes, 941.--Comp.: frea-, freo-, gum-, man-, sige-, wine-dryhten.
+
+dryht-guma, w. m., _one of a troop of warriors, noble warrior_: dat. sg.
+drihtguman, 1389; nom. pl. drihtguman, 99; dryhtguman, 1232; dat. pl. ofer
+dryhtgumum, 1791 (of Hroethgar's warriors).
+
+dryht-lic, adj., _(that which befits a noble troop of warriors), noble,
+excellent_: dryhtlic iren, _excellent sword_, 893; acc. sg. f. (with an
+acc. sg. n.) drihtlice wif (of Hildeburh), 1159.
+
+dryht-maethum, st. m., _excellent jewel, splendid treasure_: gen. pl.
+dryhtmaethma, 2844.
+
+dryht-scipe, st. m., _(lord-ship) warlike virtue, bravery; heroic deed_:
+acc. sg. drihtscype dreogan, _to do a heroic deed_, 1471.
+
+dryht-sele, st. m., _excellent, splendid hall_: nom. sg. driht-sele, 485;
+dryhtsele, 768; acc. sg. dryhtsele, 2321.
+
+dryht-sib, st. f., _peace_ or _friendship between troops of noble
+warriors_: gen. sg. dryhtsibbe, 2069.
+
+drync, st. m., _drink_: in comp. heoru-drync.
+
+drync-faet, st. n., _vessel for drink, to receive the drink_: acc. sg.,
+2255; drinc-faet, 2307.
+
+drysmian, w. v., _to become obscure, gloomy_ (through the falling rain):
+pres. sg. III. lyft drysmaeth, 1376.
+
+drysne, adj. See on-drysne.
+
+dugan, v., _to avail, to be capable, to be good_: pres. sg. III. huru se
+aldor deah, _especially is the prince capable_, 369; ethonne his ellen deah,
+_if his strength avails, is good_, 573; þe him selfa deah, _who is capable
+of himself, who can rely on himself_, 1840; pres. subj. þeah þin wit duge,
+_though, indeed, your understanding be good, avail_, 590; similarly, 1661,
+2032; pret. sg. þu us wel dohtest, _you did us good, conducted yourself
+well towards us_, 1822; similarly, nu seo hand ligeeth se þe eow welhwylcra
+wilna dohte, _which was helpful to each one of your desires_, 1345; pret.
+subj. þeah þu heaethoraesa gehwaer dohte, _though thou wast everywhere strong
+in battle_, 526.
+
+dugueth (_state of being fit, capable_), st. f.: 1) _capability, strength_:
+dat. pl. for dugeethum, _in ability_(?), 2502; duguethum demdon, _praised with
+all their might_(?), 3176.--2) _men capable of bearing arms, band of
+warriors_, esp., _noble warriors_: nom. sg. dugueth unlytel, 498; dugueth,
+1791, 2255; dat. sg. for duguethe, _before the heroes_, 2021; nalles fraetwe
+geaf ealdor duguethe, _gave the band of heroes no treasure_ (more), 2921;
+leoda duguethe on last, _upon the track of the heroes of the people_, i.e.
+after them, 2946; gen. sg. cuethe he duguethe þeaw, _the custom of the noble
+warriors_, 359; deorre duguethe, 488; similarly, 2239, 2659; acc. pl. duguetha,
+2036.--3) contrasted with geogoeth, dugueth designates the noted warriors of
+noble birth (as in the Middle Ages, knights in contrast with squires): so
+gen. sg. duguethe and geogoethe, 160; gehwylc ... duguethe and iogoethe, 1675;
+duguethe and geogoethe dael aeghwylcne, 622.
+
+durran, v. pret. and pres. _to dare_; prs. sg. II. þu dearst bidan, _darest
+to await_, 527; III. he gesecean dear, 685; pres. subj. sec gyf þu dyrre,
+_seek_ (Grendel's mother), _if thou dare_, 1380; pret. dorste, 1463, 1469,
+etc.; pl. dorston, 2849.
+
+duru, st. f., _door, gate, wicket_: nom. sg., 722; acc. sg. [duru], 389.
+
+ge-dufan, st. v., _to dip in, to sink into_: pret. þaet sweord gedeaf (_the
+sword sank into the drake_, of a blow), 2701.
+
+þurh-dufan, _to dive through; to swim through, diving_: pret. waeter up
+þurh-deaf, _swam through the water upwards_ (because he was before at the
+bottom), 1620.
+
+dwellan, w. v., _to mislead, to hinder_: prs. III. no hine wiht dweleeth, adl
+ne yldo, _him nothing misleads, neither sickness nor age_, 1736.
+
+dyhtig, adj., _useful, good for_: nom. sg. n. sweord ... ecgum dyhtig,
+1288.
+
+dynnan, w. v., _to sound, to groan, to roar_: pret. dryhtsele (healwudu,
+hruse) dynede, 768, 1318, 2559.
+
+dyrne, adj.: 1) _concealed, secret, retired_: nom. sg. dyrne, 271; acc. sg.
+dryhtsele dyrnne (of the drake's cave-hall), 2321.--2) _secret, malicious,
+hidden by sorcery_: dat. instr. sg. dyrnan craefte, _with secret magic art_,
+2291; dyrnum craefte, 2169; gen. pl. dyrnra gasta, _of malicious spirits_
+(of Grendel's kin), 1358.--Comp. un-dyrne.
+
+dyrne, adv., _in secret, secretly_: him ...aefter deorum men dyrne langaeth,
+_longs in secret for the dear man_, 1880.
+
+dyrstig, adj., _bold, daring_: þeah þe he daeda gehwaes dyrstig waere,
+_although he had been courageous for every deed_, 2839.
+
+ge-dygan, ge-digan, w. v., _to endure, to overcome_, with the acc. of the
+thing endured: pres. sg. II. gif þu þaet ellenweorc aldre gedigest, _if thou
+survivest the heroic work with thy life_, 662; III. þaet þone hilderaes hal
+gedigeeth, _that he survives the battle in safety_, 300; similarly, inf.
+unfaege gedigan wean and wraecsieth, 2293; hwaeether sel maege wunde gedygan,
+_which of the two can stand the wounds better_ (come off with life), 2532;
+ne meahte unbyrnende deop gedygan, _could not endure the deep without
+burning_ (could not hold out in the deep), 2550; pret. sg. I. III.
+ge-digde, 578, 1656, 2351, 2544.
+
+dygol. See deogol.
+
+dyre. See deore.
+
+
+E
+
+ecg, st. f., _edge of the sword, point_: nom. sg. sweordes ecg, 1107; ecg,
+1525, etc.; acc. sg. wieth ord and wieth ecge ingang forstod, _defended the
+entrance against point and edge_ (i.e. against spear and sword), 1550;
+meces ecge, 1813; nom. pl. ecge, 1146.--_Sword, battle-axe, any cutting
+weapon_: nom. sg. ne waes ecg bona (_not the sword killed him_), 2507; sio
+ecg brun (Beowulf's sword Naegling), 2578; hyne ecg fornam, _the sword
+snatched him away_, 2773, etc.; nom. pl. ecga, 2829; dat. pl. aescum and
+ecgum, 1773; dat. pl. (but denoting only one sword) eacnum ecgum, 2141;
+gen. pl. ecga, 483, 806, 1169;--_blade_: ecg waes iren, 1460.--Comp.: brun-,
+heard-, styl-ecg, adj.
+
+ecg-bana, w. m., _murderer by the sword_: dat. sg. Cain weareth to ecg-banan
+angan breether, 1263.
+
+ecg-hete, st. m., _sword-hate, enmity which the sword carries out_: nom.
+sg., 84, 1739.
+
+ecg-þracu, st. f., _sword-storm_ (of violent combat): acc. atole ecg-þraece,
+597.
+
+ed-hwyrft, st. m., _return_ (of a former condition): þa þaer sona weareth
+edhwyrft eorlum, siethethan inne fealh Grendles modor (i.e. after Grendel's
+mother had penetrated into the hall, the former perilous condition, of the
+time of the visits of Grendel, returned to the men), 1282.
+
+ed-wendan, w. v., _to turn back, to yield, to leave off_: inf. gyf him
+edwendan aefre scolde bealuwa bisigu, _if for him the affliction of evil
+should ever cease_, 280.
+
+ed-wenden, st. f., _turning, change_: nom. sg. edwenden, 1775; ed-wenden
+torna gehwylces (_reparation for former neglect_), 2189.
+
+edwit-lif, st. n., _life in disgrace_: nom. sg., 2892.
+
+efn, adj., _even, like_, with preceding on, and with depend. dat., _upon
+the same level, near_: him on efn ligeeth ealdorgewinna, _lies near him_,
+2904.
+
+efnan (see aefnan) w. v., _to carry out, to perform, to accomplish_: pres.
+subj. eorlscype efne (_accomplish knightly deeds_), 2536; inf. eorlscipe
+efnan, 2623; sweorda gelac efnan (_to battle_), 1042; gerund. to efnanne,
+1942; pret. eorlscipe efnde, 2134, 3008.
+
+efne, adv., _even, exactly, precisely, just_, united with swa or swylc:
+efne swa swiethe swa, _just so much as_, 1093; efne swa side swa, 1224; waes
+se gryre laessa efne swa micle swa, _by so much the less as ..._, 1284;
+leoht inne stod efne swa ... scineeth, _a gleam stood therein_ (in the sword)
+_just as when ... shines_, 1572; efne swa hwylc maegetha swa þone magan cende
+(_a woman who has borne such a son_), 944; efne swa hwylcum manna swa him
+gemet þuhte, _to just such a man as seemed good to him_, 3058; efne swylce
+maela swylce ... þearf gesaelde, _just at the times at which necessity
+commanded it_, 1250.
+
+eft, adv.: l) _thereupon, afterwards_: 56, 1147, 2112, 3047, etc.; eft sona
+bieth, _then it happens immediately_, 1763; bot eft cuman, _help come again_,
+281.--2) _again, on the other side_: þaet hine on ylde eft gewunigen
+wilgesiethas, _that in old age again_ (also on their side) _willing
+companions should be attached to him_, 22;--_anew, again_: 135, 604, 693,
+1557, etc.; eft swa aer, _again as formerly_, 643.--3) retro, rursus,
+_back_: 123, 296, 854, etc.; þaet hig aeethelinges eft ne wendon (_did not
+believe that he would come back_), 1597.
+
+eft-cyme, st. m., _return_: gen. sg. eftcymes, 2897.
+
+eft-sieth, st. m., _journey back, return_: acc. sg. 1892; gen. sg. eft-siethes
+georn, 2784; acc. pl. eftsiethas teah, _went the road back_, i.e. returned,
+1333.
+
+egesa, egsa (_state of terror_, active or passive): l) _frightfulness_:
+acc. sg. þurh egsan, 276; gen. egesan ne gymeeth, _cares for nothing
+terrible, is not troubled about future terrors_(?), 1758.--2) _terror,
+horror, fear_: nom. sg. egesa, 785; instr. sg. egesan, 1828, 2737.--Comp.:
+gled-, lig-, waeter-egesa.
+
+eges-full, adj., _horrible (full of fear, fearful)_, 2930.
+
+eges-lic, adj., _terrible, bringing terror_: of Grendel's head, 1650; of
+the beginning of the fight with the drake, 2310; of the drake, 2826.
+
+egle, adj., _causing aversion, hideous_: nom. pl. neut., or, more probably,
+perhaps, adverbial, egle (MS. egl), 988.
+
+egsian (denominative from egesa), w. v., _to have terror, distress_: pret.
+(as pluperf.) egsode eorl(?), 6.
+
+ehtian, w. v., _to esteem, to make prominent with praise_: III. pl. pres.
+þaet þe ... weras ehtigaeth, _that thee men shall esteem, praise_, 1223.
+
+elde (_those who generate_, cf. O.N. al-a, generare), st. m. only in the
+pl., _men_: dat. pl. eldum, 2215; mid eldum, _among men_, 2612.--See ylde.
+
+eldo, st. f., _age_: instr. sg. eldo gebunden, 2112.
+
+el-land, st. n., _foreign land, exile_: acc. sg. sceall ... elland tredan,
+(_shall be banished_), 3020.
+
+ellen, st. n., _strength, heroic strength, bravery_: nom. sg. ellen, 573;
+eafoeth and ellen, 903; Geata ... eafoeth and ellen, 603; acc. sg. eafoeth and
+ellen, 2350; ellen cyethan, _show bravery_, 2696; ellen fremedon, _exercised
+heroic strength, did heroic deeds_, 3; similarly, ic gefremman sceal eorlic
+ellen, 638; ferh ellen wraec, _life drove out the strength_, i.e. with the
+departing life (of the dragon) his strength left him, 2707; dat. sg. on
+elne, 2507, 2817; as instr. þa waes aet þam geongum grim andswaru eethbegete
+þam þe aer his elne forleas, _then it was easy for_ (every one of) _those
+who before had lost his hero-courage, to obtain rough words from the young
+man_ (Wiglaf), 2862; mid elne, 1494, 2536; elne, alone, in adverbial sense,
+_strongly, zealously_, and with the nearly related meaning, _hurriedly,
+transiently_, 894, 1098, 1968, 2677, 2918; gen. sg. elnes laet, 1530; þa him
+waes elnes þearf, 2877.--Comp. maegen-ellen.
+
+ellen-daed, st. f., _heroic deed_: dat. pl. -daedum, 877, 901.
+
+ellen-gaest, st. m., _strength-spirit, demon with heroic strength_: nom. sg.
+of Grendel, 86.
+
+ellen-lice, adv., _strongly, with heroic strength_, 2123.
+
+ellen-maerethu, st. f., _renown of heroic strength_, dat. pl. -maerethum, 829,
+1472.
+
+ellen-rof, adj., _renowned for strength_: nom. sg. 340, 358, 3064; dat. pl.
+-rofum, 1788.
+
+ellen-seoc, adj., _infirm in strength_: acc. sg. þeoden ellensiocne (_the
+mortally wounded king, Beowulf_), 2788.
+
+ellen-weorc, st. n., (_strength-work_), _heroic deed, achievement in
+battle_: acc. sg. 662, 959, 1465, etc.; gen. pl. ellen-weorca, 2400.
+
+elles, adv., _else, otherwise_: a (modal), _in another manner_, 2521.--b
+(local), elles hwaer, _somewhere else_, 138; elles hwergen, 2591.
+
+ellor, adv., _to some other place_, 55, 2255.
+
+ellor-gast, -gaest, st. m., _spirit living elsewhere_ (standing outside of
+the community of mankind): nom. sg. se ellorgast (Grendel), 808; (Grendel's
+mother), 1622; ellorgaest (Grendel's mother), 1618; acc. pl. ellorgaestas,
+1350.
+
+ellor-sieth, st. m., _departure, death_: nom. sg. 2452.
+
+elra, adj. (comparative of a not existing form, ele, Goth. aljis, alius),
+_another_: dat. sg. on elran men, 753.
+
+el-þeodig, adj., _of another people: foreign_: acc. pl. el-þeodige men,
+336.
+
+ende, st. m., _the extreme_: hence, 1) _end_: nom. sg. aldres (lifes) ende,
+823, 2845; oeth þaet ende becwom (scil. unrihtes), 1255; acc. sg. ende
+lifgesceafta (lifes, laen-daga), 3064, 1387, 2343; haefde eorethscrafa ende
+genyttod, _had used the end of the earth-caves_ (had made use of the caves
+for the last time), 3047; dat. sg. ealdres (lifes) aet ende, 2791, 2824;
+eoletes aet ende, 224.--2) _boundary_: acc. sg. side rice þaet he his selfa
+ne maeg ... ende geþencean, _the wide realm, so that he himself cannot
+comprehend its boundaries_, 1735.--3) _summit, head_: dat. sg. eorlum on
+ende, _to the nobles at the end_ (the highest courtiers), 2022.--Comp.
+woruld-ende.
+
+ende-daeg, st. m., _last day, day of death_: nom. sg. 3036; acc. sg. 638.
+
+ende-dogor, st. m., _last day, day of death_: gen. sg. bega on wenum
+endedogores and eftcymes leotes monnes (_hesitating between the belief in
+the death and in the return of the dear man_), 2897.
+
+ende-laf, st. f., _last remnant_: nom. sg. þu eart ende-laf usses cynnes,
+_art the last of our race_, 2814.
+
+ende-lean, st. n., _final reparation_: acc. sg. 1693.
+
+ende-saeta, w. m., _he who sits on the border, boundary-guard_: nom. sg.
+(here of the strand-watchman), 241.
+
+ende-staef, st. m. (elementum finis), _end_: acc. sg. hit on endestaef eft
+gelimpeeth, _then it draws near to the end_, 1754.
+
+ge-endian, w. v., _to end_: pret. part. ge-endod, 2312.
+
+enge, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. enge anpaethas, _narrow paths_, 1411.
+
+ent, st. m., _giant_: gen. pl. enta aer-geweorc (the sword-hilt out of the
+dwelling-place of Grendel), 1680; enta geweorc (the dragon's cave), 2718;
+eald-enta aer-geweorc (the costly things in the dragon's cave), 2775.
+
+entisc, adj., _coming from giants_: acc. sg. entiscne helm, 2980.
+
+etan, st. v., _to eat, to consume_: pres. sg. III. blodig wael ... eteeth
+an-genga, _he that goes alone_ (Grendel) _will devour the bloody corpse_,
+448; inf. Geatena leode ... etan, 444.
+
+þurh-etan, _to eat through_: pret. part. pl. nom. swyrd ... þurhetone,
+_swords eaten through_ (by rust), 3050.
+
+
+E
+
+ec. See eac.
+
+ece, adj., _everlasting_; nom. ece drihten (God), 108; acc. sg. ece
+eorethreced, _the everlasting earth-hall_ (the dragon's cave), 2720; geceas
+ecne raed, _chose the everlasting gain_ (died), 1202; dat. sg. ecean
+dryhtne, 1693, 1780, 2331; acc. pl. geceos ece raedas, 1761.
+
+edre. See aedre.
+
+eeth-begete, adj., _easy to obtain, ready_: nom. sg. þa waes aet þam geongum
+grim andswaru eeth-begete, _then from the young man_ (Wiglaf) _it was an easy
+thing to get a gruff answer_, 2862.
+
+eethe. See eaethe.
+
+eethel, st. m., _hereditary possessions, hereditary estate_: acc. sg. swaesne
+eethel, 520; dat. sg. on eethle, 1731.--In royal families the hereditary
+possession is the whole realm: hence, acc. sg. eethel Scyldinga, _of the
+kingdom of the Scyldings_, 914; (Offa) wisdome heold eethel sinne, _ruled
+with wisdom his inherited kingdom_, 1961.
+
+eethel-riht, st. n., _hereditary privileges_ (rights that belong to a
+hereditary estate): nom. sg. eard eethel-riht, _estate and inherited
+privileges_, 2199.
+
+eethel-stol, st. m., _hereditary seat, inherited throne_: acc. pl.
+eethel-stolas, 2372.
+
+eethel-turf, st. f., _inherited ground, hereditary estate_: dat. sg. on minre
+eetheltyrf, 410.
+
+eethel-weard, st. m., _lord of the hereditary estate_ (realm): nom. sg.
+eethelweard (_king_), 1703, 2211; dat. sg. East-Dena eethel wearde (King
+Hroethgar), 617.
+
+eethel-wyn, st. f., _joy in_, or _enjoyment of, hereditary possessions_: nom.
+sg. nu sceal ... eall eethelwyn eowrum cynne, lufen alicgean, _now shall your
+race want all home-joy, and subsistence_(?) (your race shall be banished
+from its hereditary abode), 2886; acc. sg. he me lond forgeaf, eard
+eethelwyn, _presented me with land, abode, and the enjoyment of home_, 2494.
+
+eeth-gesyne, yeth-gesene, adj., _easy to see, visible to all_: nom. sg. 1111,
+1245.
+
+efstan, w. v., _to be in haste, to hasten_: inf. uton nu efstan, _let us
+hurry now_, 3102; pret. efste mid elne, _hastened with heroic strength_,
+1494.
+
+eg-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer eg-clif (ecg-clif, MS.), 2894.
+
+eg-stream, st. m., _sea-stream, sea-flood_: dat. pl. on eg-streamum, _in
+the sea-floods_, 577. See eagor-stream.
+
+ehtan (M.H.G. aechten; cf. aeht and ge-aehtla), w. v. w. gen., _to be a
+pursuer, to pursue_: pres. part. aeglaeca ehtende waes duguethe and geogoethe,
+159; pret. pl. ehton aglaecan, _they pursued the bringer of sorrow_
+(Beowulf)(?), 1513.
+
+est, st. m. f., _favor, grace, kindness_: acc. sg. he him est geteah meara
+and maethma (_honored him with horses and jewels_), 2166; gearwor haefde
+agendes est aer gesceawod, _would rather have seen the grace of the Lord_
+(of God) _sooner_, 3076.--dat. pl., adverbial, libenter: him on folce
+heold, estum mid are, 2379; estum geywan (_to present_), 2150; him waes ...
+wunden gold estum geeawed (_presented_), 1195; we þaet ellenweorc estum
+miclum fremedon, 959.
+
+este, adj., _gracious_: w. gen. este bearn-gebyrdo, _gracious through the
+birth_ (of such a son as Beowulf), 946.
+
+
+EA
+
+eafoeth, st. n., _power, strength_: nom, sg. eafoeth and ellen, 603, 903; acc.
+sg. eafoeth and ellen, 2350; we frecne geneethdon eafoeth uncuethes, _we have
+boldly ventured against the strength of the enemy_ (Grendel) _have
+withstood him_, 961; gen. sg. eafoethes craeftig, 1467; þaet þec adl oethethe ecg
+eafoethes getwaefed, _shall rob of strength_, 1764; acc. pl. eafeetho (MS.
+earfeetho) [This reading cancelled. See note to l. 534--KTH], 534; dat. pl.
+hine mihtig god ... eafeethum stepte, _made him great through strength_,
+1718. See Note for l. 534.
+
+eafor, st. m., _boar_; here the image of the boar as banner: acc. sg.
+eafor, 2153.
+
+eafora (_offspring_), w. m.: 1) _son_: nom. sg. eafera, 12, 898; eafora,
+375; acc. sg. eaferan, 1548, 1848; gen. sg. eafera, 19; nom. pl. eaferan,
+2476; dat. pl. eaferum, 1069, 2471; uncran eaferan, 1186.--2) in broader
+sense, _successor_: dat. pl. eaforum, 1711.
+
+eahta, num., _eight_: acc. pl. eahta mearas, 1036; eode eahta sum, _went as
+one of eight, with seven others_, 3124.
+
+eahtian, w. v.: 1) _to consider; to deliberate_: pret. pl. w. acc. raed
+eahtedon, _consulted about help_, 172; pret. sg. (for the plural) þone
+selestan þara þe mid Hroethgare ham eahtode, _the best one of those who with
+Hroethgar deliberated about their home_ (ruled), 1408.--2) _to speak with
+reflection of_ (along with the idea of praise): pret. pl. eahtodan
+eorlscipe, _spoke of his noble character_, 3175.
+
+eal, eall, adj., _all, whole_: nom. sg. werod eall, 652; pl. eal bencþelu,
+486; sg. eall eethelwyn, 2886; eal worold, 1739, etc.; þaet hit weareth eal
+gearo, healaerna maest, 77; þaet hit (wigbil) eal gemealt, 1609. And with a
+following genitive: þaer waes eal geador Grendles grape, _there was all
+together Grendel's hand, the whole hand of Grendel_, 836; eall ... lissa,
+_all favor_, 2150; waes eall sceacen dogorgerimes, 2728. With apposition:
+þuhte him eall to rum, wongas and wicstede, 2462; acc. sg. beot eal, 523;
+similarly, 2018, 2081; oncyethethe ealle, _all distress_, 831; heals ealne,
+2692; hlaew ... ealne utan-weardne, 2298; gif he þaet eal gemon, 1186, 2428;
+þaet eall geondseh, recedes geatwa, 3089; ealne wide-ferheth, _through the
+whole wide life, through all time_, 1223; instr. sg. ealle maegene, _with
+all strength_, 2668; dat. sg. eallum ... manna cynne, 914; gen. sg. ealles
+moncynnes, 1956. Subst. ic þaes ealles maeg ... gefean habban, 2740; bruc
+ealles well, 2163; frean ealles þanc secge, _give thanks to the Lord of
+all_, 2795; nom. pl. untydras ealle, 111; sceotend ... ealle, 706; we
+ealle, 942; acc. pl. feond ealle, 700; similarly, 1081, 1797, 2815; subst.
+ofer ealle, 650; ealle hie deaeth fornam, 2237; lig ealle forswealg þara þe
+þaer gueth fornam, _all of those whom the war had snatched away_, 1123; dat.
+pl. eallum ceaster-buendum, 768; similarly, 824, 907, 1418; subst. ana wieth
+eallum, _one against all_, 145; with gen. eallum gumena cynnes, 1058; gen.
+pl. aeethelinga bearn ealra twelfa, _the kinsmen of all twelve nobles_ (twelve
+nobles hold the highest positions of the court), 3172; subst. he ah ealra
+geweald, _has power over all_, 1728.
+
+Uninflected: bil eal þurhwod flaeschoman, _the battle-axe cleft the body
+through and through_, 1568; haefde ... eal gefeormod fet and folma, _had
+devoured entirely feet and hands_, 745; se þe eall geman gar-cwealm gumena,
+_who remembers thoroughly the death of the men by the spear_, 2043, etc.
+
+Adverbial: þeah ic eal maege, _although I am entirely able_, 681; hi on
+beorg dydon beg and siglu eall swylce hyrsta, _they placed in the
+grave-mound rings, and ornaments, all such adornments_, 3165.--The gen. sg.
+ealles, adverbial in the sense of _entirely_, 1001, 1130.
+
+eald, adj., _old_: a) of the age of living beings: nom. sg. eald, 357,
+1703, 2211, etc.; dat. sg. ealdum, 2973; gen. sg. ealdes uhtflogan
+(_dragon_), 2761; dat. sg. ealdum, 1875; geongum and ealdum, 72.--b) of
+things and of institutions: nom. sg. helm monig eald and omig, 2764; acc.
+sg. ealde lafe (_sword_), 796, 1489; ealde wisan, 1866; eald sweord, 1559,
+1664, etc.; eald gewin, _old_ (lasting years), _distress_, 1782; eald enta
+geweorc (_the precious things in the drake's cave_), 2775; acc. pl. ealde
+maethmas, 472; ofer ealde riht, _against the old laws_ (namely, the Ten
+Commandments; Beowulf believes that God has sent him the drake as a
+punishment, because he has unconsciously, at some time, violated one of the
+commandments), 2331.
+
+yldra, compar. _older_: min yldra maeg, 468; yldra broethor, 1325; oeth þaet he
+(Heardred) yldra weareth, 2379.
+
+yldesta, superl. _oldest_, in the usual sense; dat. sg. þam yldestan, 2436;
+in a moral sense, _the most respected_: nom. sg. se yldesta, 258; acc. sg.
+þone yldestan, 363, both times of Beowulf.
+
+eald-faeder, st. m., _old-father, grandfather, ancestor_: nom. sg. 373.
+
+eald-gesegen, st. f., _traditions from old times_: gen. pl. eal-fela
+eald-gesegena, _very many of the old traditions_, 870.
+
+eald-gesieth, st. m., _companion ever since old times, courtier for many
+years_: nom. pl. eald-gesiethas, 854.
+
+eald-gestreon, st. n., _treasure out of the old times_: dat. pl.
+eald-gestreonum, 1382; gen. pl. -gestreona, 1459.
+
+eald-gewinna, w. m., _old-enemy, enemy for many years_: nom. sg. of
+Grendel, 1777.
+
+eald-gewyrht, st. n., _merit on account of services rendered during many
+years_: nom. pl. þaet naeron eald-gewyrht, þaet he ana scyle gnorn þrowian,
+_that has not been his desert ever since long ago, that he should bear the
+distress alone_, 2658.
+
+eald-hlaford, st. m., _lord through many years_: gen. sg. bill
+eald-hlafordes (of the old Beowulf(?)), 2779.
+
+eald-metod, st. m., _God ruling ever since ancient times_: nom. sg. 946.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. m., _lord, chief_ (king or powerful noble): nom. sg.
+ealdor, 1645, 1849, 2921; aldor, 56, 369, 392; acc. sg. aldor, 669; dat.
+sg. ealdre, 593; aldre, 346.
+
+ealdor, aldor, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. aldor, 1372; dat. sg. aldre, 1448,
+1525; ealdre, 2600; him on aldre stod herestrael hearda (in vitalibus),
+1435; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not troubled about his life_, 1443; of
+ealdre gewat, _went out of life, died_, 2625; as instr. aldre, 662, 681,
+etc.; ealdre, 1656, 2134, etc.; gen. sg. aldres, 823; ealdres, 2791, 2444;
+aldres orwena, _despairing of life_, 1003, 1566; ealdres scyldig, _having
+forfeited life_, 1339, 2062; dat. pl. aldrum neethdon, 510, 538.--Phrases: on
+aldre (_in life_), _ever_, 1780; to aldre (_for life_), _always_, 2006,
+2499; awa to aldre, _for ever and ever_, 956.
+
+ealdor-bealu, st. n., _life's evil_: acc. sg. þu ... ondraedan ne þearft ...
+aldorbealu eorlum, _thou needest not fear death for the courtiers_, 1677.
+
+ealdor-cearu, st. f., _trouble that endangers life, great trouble_: dat.
+sg. he his leodum weareth ... to aldor-ceare, 907.
+
+ealdor-dagas, st. m. pl., _days of one's life_: dat. pl. naefre on
+aldor-dagum (_never in his life_), 719; on ealder-dagum aer (_in former
+days_), 758.
+
+ealdor-gedal, st. n., _severing of life, death, end_: nom. sg. aldor-gedal,
+806.
+
+ealdor-gewinna, w. m., _life-enemy, one who strives to take his enemy's
+life_ (in N.H.G. the contrary conception, Tod-feind): nom. sg.
+ealdorgewinna (_the dragon_), 2904.
+
+ealdor-leas, adj., _without a ruler_(?): nom. pl. aldor-lease, 15.
+
+ealdor-leas, adj., _lifeless, dead_: acc. sg. aldor-leasne, 1588;
+ealdor-leasne, 3004.
+
+ealdor-þegn, st. m., _nobleman at the court, distinguished courtier_: acc.
+sg. aldor-þegn (Hroethgar's confidential adviser, Aeschere), 1309.
+
+eal-fela, adj., _very much_: with following gen., eal-fela eald-gesegena,
+_very many old traditions_, 870; eal-fela eotena cynnes, 884.
+
+ealgian, w. v., _to shield, to defend, to protect_: inf. w. acc. feorh
+ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; pret. siethethan he (Hygelac) under segne sinc
+eal-gode, waelreaf werede, _while under his banner he protected the
+treasures, defended the spoil of battle_ (i.e. while he was upon the Viking
+expeditions), 1205.
+
+eal-gylden, adj., _all golden, entirely of gold_: nom. sg. swyn ealgylden,
+1112; acc. sg. segn eallgylden, 2768.
+
+eal-irenne, adj., _entirely of iron_: acc. sg. eall-irenne wigbord, _a
+wholly iron battle-shield_, 2339.
+
+ealu, st. n., _ale, beer_: acc. sg. ealo drincende, 1946.
+
+ealu-benc, st. f., _ale-bench, bench for those drinking ale_: dat. sg. in
+ealo-bence, 1030; on ealu-bence, 2868.
+
+ealu-scerwen, st. f., _terror_, under the figure of a mishap at an
+ale-drinking, probably the sudden taking away of the ale: nom. sg. Denum
+eallum weareth ... ealuscerwen, 770.
+
+ealu-waege, st. n., _ale-can, portable vessel out of which ale is poured
+into the cups_: acc. sg. 2022; hroden ealowaege, 495; dat. sg. ofer ealowaege
+(_at the ale-carouse_), 481.
+
+eal-wealda, w. adj., _all ruling_ (God): nom. sg. faeder alwalda, 316;
+alwalda, 956, 1315; dat. sg. al-wealdan, 929.
+
+eard, st. m., _cultivated ground, estate, hereditary estate_; in a broader
+sense, _ground in general, abode, place of sojourn_: nom. sg. him waes bam
+... lond gecynde, eard eethel-riht, _the land was bequeathed to them both,
+the land and the privileges attached to it._ 2199; acc. sg. fifel-cynnes
+eard, _the ground of the giant race, place of sojourn_, 104; similarly,
+aelwihta eard, 1501; eard gemunde, _thought of his native ground, his home_,
+1130; eard git ne const, _thou knowest not yet the place of sojourn._ 1378;
+eard and eorlscipe, _praedium et nobilitatem_, 1728; eard eethelwyn, _land and
+the enjoyment of home_, 2494; dat. sg. ellor hwearf of earde, _went
+elsewhere from his place of abode_, i.e. died, 56; þaet we rondas beren eft
+to earde, _that we go again to our homes_, 2655; on earde, 2737; nom. pl.
+eacne eardas, _the broad expanses_ (in the fen-sea where Grendel's home
+was), 1622.
+
+eardian, w. v.: 1) _to have a dwelling-place, to live; to rest_: pret. pl.
+dyre swyrd swa hie wieth eorethan faeethm þaer eardodon, _costly swords, as they
+had rested in the earth's bosom_, 3051.--2) also transitively, _to
+inhabit_: pret. sg. Heorot eardode, 166; inf. wic eardian elles hwergen,
+_inhabit a place elsewhere_ (i.e. die), 2590.
+
+eard-lufa, w. m., _the living upon one's land, home-life_: acc. sg.
+eard-lufan, 693.
+
+earfoeth-lice, adv., _with trouble, with difficulty_, 1637, 1658; _with
+vexation, angrily_, 86; _sorrowfully_, 2823; _with difficulty, scarcely_,
+2304, 2935.
+
+earfoeth-þrag, st. f., _time full of troubles, sorrowful time_: acc. sg.
+-þrage, 283.
+
+earh, adj., _cowardly_: gen. sg. ne bieth swylc earges sieth (_no coward
+undertaken that_), 2542.
+
+earm, st. m., _arm_: acc. sg. earm, 836, 973; wieth earm gesaet, _supported
+himself with his arm_, 750; dat. pl. earmum, 513.
+
+earm, adj., _poor, miserable, unhappy_: nom. sg. earm, 2369; earme ides,
+_the unhappy woman_, 1118; dat. sg. earmre teohhe, _the unhappy band_,
+2939.--Comp. acc. sg. earmran mannan, _a more wretched, more forsaken man_,
+577.
+
+earm-beag, st. m., _arm-ring, bracelet_: gen. pl. earm-beaga fela searwum
+gesaeled, _many arm-rings interlaced_, 2764.
+
+earm-hread, st. f., _arm-ornament_. nom. pl. earm-hreade twa, 1195 (Grein's
+conjecture, MS. earm reade).
+
+earm-lic, adj., _wretched, miserable_: nom. sg. sceolde his ealdor-gedal
+earmlic wurethan, _his end should be wretched_, 808.
+
+earm-sceapen, pret. part. as adj. (_properly, wretched by the decree of
+fate_), _wretched_: nom. sg. 1352.
+
+earn, st. m., _eagle_: dat. sg. earne, 3027.
+
+eatol. See atol.
+
+eaxl, st. f., _shoulder_: acc. sg. eaxle, 836, 973; dat. sg. on eaxle, 817,
+1548; be eaxle, 1538; on eaxle ides gnornode, _the woman sobbed on the
+shoulder_ (of her son, who has fallen and is being burnt), 1118; dat. pl.
+saet frean eaxlum neah, _sat near the shoulders of his lord_ (Beowulf lies
+lifeless upon the earth, and Wiglaf sits by his side, near his shoulder, so
+as to sprinkle the face of his dead lord), 2854; he for eaxlum gestod
+Deniga frean, _he stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes_
+(i.e. not directly before him, but somewhat to the side, as etiquette
+demanded), 358.
+
+eaxl-gestealla, w. m., _he who has his position at the shoulder_ (sc. of
+his lord), _trusty courtier, counsellor of a prince_: nom. sg. 1327; acc.
+pl. -gesteallan, 1715.
+
+
+EA
+
+eac, conj., _also_: 97, 388, 433, etc.; ec, 3132.
+
+eacen (pret. part. of a not existing eacan, augere), adj., _wide-spread_,
+_large_: nom. pl. eacne eardas, _broad plains_, 1622.--_great, heavy_: eald
+sweord eacen, 1664; dat. pl. eacnum ecgum, 2141, both times of the great
+sword in Grendel's habitation.--_great, mighty, powerful_: aeethele and eacen,
+of Beowulf, 198.
+
+eacen-craeftig, adj., _immense_ (of riches), _enormously great_: acc. sg.
+hord-aerna sum eacen-craeftig, _that enormous treasure-house_, 2281; nom. sg.
+þaet yrfe eacen-craeftig, iumonna gold, 3052.
+
+eadig, adj., _blessed with possessions, rich, happy by reason of property_:
+nom. sg. wes, þenden þu lifige, aeetheling eadig, _be, as long as thou livest,
+a prince blessed with riches_, 1226; eadig mon, 2471.--Comp. sige-, sigor-,
+tir-eadig.
+
+eadig-lice, adv., _in abundance, in joyous plenty_: dreamum lifdon
+eadiglice, _lived in rejoicing and plenty_, 100.
+
+eaethe, eethe, yethe, adj., _easy, pleasant_: nom. pl. gode þancedon þaes þe him
+yeth-lade eaethe wurdon, _thanked God that the sea-ways_ (the navigation) _had
+become easy to them_, 228; ne waes þaet eethe sieth, _no pleasant way_, 2587; naes
+þaet yethe ceap, _no easy purchase_, 2416; no þaet yethe byeth to befleonne, _not
+easy_ (as milder expression for _in no way, not at all_), 1003.
+
+eaethe, yethe, adv., _easily_. eaethe, 478, 2292, 2765.
+
+eaeth-fynde, adj., _easy to find_: nom. sg. 138.
+
+eage, w. n., _eye_: dat. pl. him of eagum stod leoht unfaeger, _out of his
+eyes came a terrible gleam_, 727; þaet ic ... eagum starige, _see with eyes,
+behold_, 1782; similarly, 1936; gen. pl. eagena bearhtm, 1767.
+
+eagor-stream, st. m., _sea-stream sea_: acc. sg. 513.
+
+ea-land, st. n., _land surrounded by water_ (of the land of the Geatas):
+acc. sg. ea-lond, 2335; _island_.
+
+eam, st. m., _uncle, mothers brother_: nom. sg. 882.
+
+eastan, adv., _from the east_, 569.
+
+eawan, w. v., _to disclose, to show, to prove_: pres. sg. III. eaweeth ...
+uncuethne nieth, _shows evil enmity_, 276. See eowan, ywan.
+
+ge-eawan, _to show, to offer_: pret. part. him waes ... wunden gold estum
+ge-eawed, _was graciously presented_, 1195.
+
+
+EO
+
+eode. See gangan.
+
+eodor, st. m., _fence, hedge, railing_. Among the old Germans, an estate
+was separated by a fence from the property of others. Inside of this fence
+the laws of peace and protection held good, as well as in the house itself.
+Hence eodor is sometimes used instead of _house_: acc. pl. heht eahta
+mearas on flet teon, in under eoderas, _gave orders to lead eight steeds
+into the hall, into the house_, 1038.--2) figuratively, _lord, prince_, as
+protector: nom. sg. eodor, 428, 1045; eodur, 664.
+
+eofoeth, st. n., _strength_: acc. pl. eofoetho, 2535. See eafoeth.
+
+eofer, st. m.: 1) _boar_, here of the metal boar-image upon the helmet:
+nom. sg. eofer irenheard, 1113.--2) figuratively, _bold hero, brave
+fighter_ (O.N. ioefur): nom. pl. þonne ... eoferas cnysedan, _when the
+heroes rushed upon each other_, 1329, where eoferas and feethan stand in the
+same relation to each other as cnysedan and hniton.
+
+eofor-lic, st. n. _boar-image_ (on the helmet): nom. pl. eofor-lic scionon,
+303.
+
+eofor-spreot, st. m., _boar-spear_: dat. pl. mid eofer-spreotum
+heoro-hocyhtum, _with hunting-spears which were provided with sharp hooks_,
+1438.
+
+eogueth, iogueth. See geogoeth.
+
+eolet, st. m. n., _sea_(?): gen. sg. eoletes, 224.
+
+eorclan-stan, st. m., _precious stone_: acc. pl. -stanas, 1209.
+
+eoreth-cyning, st. m., _king of the land_: gen. sg. eoreth-cyninges (Finn),
+1156.
+
+eoreth-draca, w. m., _earth-drake, dragon that lives in the earth_: nom. sg.
+2713, 2826.
+
+eorethe, w. f.: 1) _earth_ (in contrast with heaven), _world_: acc. sg.
+aelmihtiga eorethan worhte, 92; wide geond eorethan, _far over the earth,
+through the wide world_, 266; dat. sg. ofer eorethan, 248, 803; on eorethan,
+1823, 2856, 3139; gen. sg. eorethan, 753.--2) _earth, ground_: acc. sg. he
+eorethan gefeoll, _fell to the ground_, 2835; forleton eorla gestreon eorethan
+healdan, _let the earth hold the nobles' treasure_, 3168; dat. sg. þaet hit
+on eorethan laeg, 1533; under eorethan, 2416; gen. sg. wieth eorethan faeethm (_in the
+bosom of the earth_), 3050.
+
+eoreth-reced, st. n., _hall in the earth, rock-hall_: acc. sg. 2720.
+
+eoreth-scraef, st. n., _earth-cavern, cave_: dat. sg. eoreth-[scraefe], 2233;
+gen. pl. eoreth-scraefe, 3047.
+
+eoreth-sele, st. m., _hall in the earth, cave_: acc. sg. eoreth-sele, 2411; dat
+sg. of eorethsele, 2516.
+
+eoreth-weall, st. m., _earth-wall_: acc. sg. (Ongenþeow) beah eft under
+eorethweall, _fled again under the earth-wall_ (into his fortified camp),
+2958; þa me waes ... sieth alyfed inn under eorethweall, _then the way in, under
+the earth-wall was opened to me_ (into the dragon's cave), 3091.
+
+eoreth-weard, st. m., _land-property, estate_: acc. sg. 2335.
+
+eorl, st. m., _noble born man, a man of the high nobility_: nom. sg. 762,
+796, 1229, etc.; acc. sg. eorl, 573, 628, 2696; gen. sg. eorles, 690, 983,
+1758, etc.; acc. pl. eorlas, 2817; dat. pl. eorlum, 770, 1282, 1650, etc.;
+gen. pl. eorla, 248, 357, 369, etc.--Since the king himself is from the
+stock of the eorlas, he is also called eorl, 6, 2952.
+
+eorl-gestreon, st. n., _wealth of the nobles_: gen. pl. eorl-gestreona ...
+hardfyrdne dael, 2245.
+
+eorl-gewaede, st. n., _knightly dress, armor_: dat. pl. -gewaedum, 1443.
+
+eorlic (i.e. eorl-lic), adj., _what it becomes a noble born man to do,
+chivalrous_: acc. sg. eorlic ellen, 638.
+
+eorl-scipe, st. m., _condition of being noble born, chivalrous nature,
+nobility_: acc. sg. eorl-scipe, 1728, 3175; eorl-scipe efnan, _to do
+chivalrous deeds_, 2134, 2536, 2623, 3008.
+
+eorl-weorod, st. n., _followers of nobles_: nom. sg. 2894.
+
+eormen-cyn, st. n., _very extensive race, mankind_: gen. sg. eormen-cynnes,
+1958.
+
+eormen-grund, st. m., _immensely wide plains, the whole broad earth_: acc.
+sg. ofer eormen-grund, 860.
+
+eormen-laf, st. f., _enormous legacy_: acc. sg. eormen-lafe aeethelan cynnes
+(_the treasures of the dragon's cave_) 2235.
+
+eorre, adj., _angry, enraged_: gen. sg. eorres, 1448.
+
+eoton, st. m.: 1) _giant_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel), 762; dat. sg.
+uninflected, eoton (Grendel), 669; nom. pl. eotenas, 112.--2) Eotens,
+subjects of Finn, the N. Frisians: 1073, 1089, 1142; dat. pl. 1146. See
+List of Names, p. 114.
+
+eotonisc, adj., _gigantic, coming from giants_: acc. sg. eald sweord
+eotenisc (eotonisc), 1559, 2980, (etonisc, MS.) 2617.
+
+
+EO
+
+eored-geatwe, st. f. pl., _warlike adornments_: acc. pl., 2867.
+
+eowan, w. v., _to show, to be seen_: pres. sg. III. ne gesacu ohwaer,
+ecghete eoweeth, _nowhere shows itself strife, sword-hate_, 1739. See eawan,
+ywan.
+
+eower: 1) gen. pl. pers. pron., vestrum: eower sum, _that one of you_
+(namely, Beowulf), 248; faehethe eower leode, _the enmity of the people of
+you_ (of your people), 597; nis þaet eower sieth ... nefne min anes, 2533.--2)
+poss. pron., _your_, 251, 257, 294, etc.
+
+
+F
+
+ge-fandian, -fondian, w. v., _to try, to search for, to find out, to
+experience_: w. gen. pret. part. þaet haefde gumena sum goldes gefandod,
+_that a man had discovered the gold_, 2302; þonne se an hafaeth þurh deaethes
+nyd daeda gefondad, _now the one_ (Herebeald) _has with death's pang
+experienced the deeds_ (the unhappy bow-shot of Haeethcyn), 2455.
+
+fara, w. m., _farer, traveller_: in comp. mere-fara.
+
+faran, st. v., _to move from one place to another, to go, to wander_: inf.
+to ham faran, _to go home_, 124; leton on geflit faran fealwe mearas, _let
+the fallow horses go in emulation_, 865; cwom faran flotherge on Fresna
+land, _had come to Friesland with a fleet_, 2916; com leoda dugoethe on last
+faran, _came to go upon the track of the heroes of his people_, i.e. to
+follow them, 2946; gerund waeron aeethelingas eft to leodum fuse to farenne,
+_the nobles were ready to go again to their people_, 1806; pret. sg. gegnum
+for [þa] ofer myrcan mor, _there had_ (Grendel's mother) _gone away over
+the dark fen_, 1405; saegenga for, _the seafarer_ (the ship) _drove along_,
+1909; (wyrm) mid baele for, (the dragon) _fled away with fire_, 2309; pret.
+pl. þaet ... scawan scirhame to scipe foron, _that the visitors in
+glittering attire betook themselves to the ship_, 1896.
+
+gefaran, _to proceed, to act_: inf. hu se mansceaetha under faergripum gefaran
+wolde, _how he would act in his sudden attacks_, 739.
+
+ut faran, _to go out_: w. acc. let of breostum ... word ut faran, _let
+words go out of his breast, uttered words_, 2552.
+
+faroeth, st. m., _stream, flood of the sea_: dat. sg. to brimes faroethe, 28;
+aefter faroethe, _with the stream_, 580; aet faroethe, 1917.
+
+faru, st. f., _way, passage, expedition_: in comp. ad-faru.
+
+facen-staef (elementum nequitiae), st. m., _wickedness, treachery, deceit_.
+acc. pl. facen-stafas, 1019.
+
+fah, fag, adj., _many-colored, variegated, of varying color_ (especially
+said of the color of gold, of bronze, and of blood, in which the beams of
+light are refracted): nom. sg. fah (_covered with blood_), 420; blode fah,
+935; atertanum fah (sc. iren) [This is the MS reading; emmended to
+atertearum in text--KTH], 1460; sadol searwum fah (_saddle artistically
+ornamented with gold_), 1039; sweord swate fah, 1287; brim blode fah, 1595;
+waeldreore fag, 1632; (draca) fyrwylmum fah (_because he spewed flame_),
+2672; sweord fah and faeted, 2702; blode fah, 2975; acc. sg. dreore fahne,
+447; goldsele faettum fahne, 717; on fagne flor treddode, _trod the shining
+floor_ (of Heorot), 726; hrof golde fahne, _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; nom. pl. eoforlic ... fah and fyr-beard, 305; acc. pl. þa hilt since
+fage, 1616; dat. pl. fagum sweordum, 586.--Comp. ban-, blod-, brun-,
+dreor-, gold-, gryre-, searo-, sinc-, stan-, swat-, wael-, wyrm-fah.
+
+fah, fag, fa, adj.: 1) _hostile_: nom. sg. fah feond-scaetha, 554; he waes fag
+wieth god (Grendel), 812; acc. sg. fane (_the dragon_), 2656; gen. pl. fara,
+578, 1464.--2) _liable to pursuit, without peace, outlawed_: nom. sg. fag,
+1264; mane fah, _outlawed through crime_, 979; fyren-daedum fag,
+1002.--Comp. nearo-fah.
+
+famig-heals, adj., _with foaming neck_: nom. sg. flota famig-heals, 218;
+(saegenga) famig-heals, 1910.
+
+faec, st. n., _period of time_: acc. sg. lytel faec, _during a short time_,
+2241.
+
+faeder, st. m., _father_: nom. sg. faeder, 55, 262, 459, 2609; of God, 1610;
+faeder alwalda, 316; acc. sg. faeder, 1356; dat. sg. faeder, 2430; gen. sg.
+faeder, 21, 1480; of God, 188--Comp.: aer, eald-faeder.
+
+faedera, w. m., _father's brother_ in comp. suhter-gefaederan.
+
+faeder-aeethelo, st. n. pl., _paternus principatus_ (?): dat. pl. faeder-aeethelum,
+912.
+
+faederen-maeg, st. m., _kinsman descended from the same father,
+co-descendant_: dat. sg. faederen-maege, 1264.
+
+faeethm, st. m.: 1) _the outspread, encircling arms_: instr. pl. feondes
+faeeth[mum], 2129.--2) _embrace, encircling_: nom. sg. liges faeethm, 782; acc.
+sg. in fyres faeethm, 185.--3) _bosom, lap_: acc. sg. on foldan faeethm, 1394;
+wieth eorethan faeethm, 3050; dat. pl. to faeder (God's) faeethmum, 188.--4) _power,
+property_: acc. in Francna faeethm, 1211.--Cf. sid-faeethmed, sieth-faeethme.
+
+faeethmian, w. v., _to embrace, to take up into itself_: pres. subj. þaet minne
+lichaman ... gled faeethmie, 2653; inf. leton flod faeethmian fraetwa hyrde, 3134.
+
+ge-faeg, adj., _agreeable, desirable_ (Old Eng., fawe, _willingly_): comp.
+ge-faegra, 916.
+
+faegen, adj., _glad, joyous_: nom. pl. ferhethum faegne, _the glad at heart_,
+1634.
+
+faeger, adj., _beautiful, lovely_: nom. sg. faeger fold-bold, 774; faeger
+foldan bearm, 1138; acc. sg. freoethoburh faegere, 522; nom. pl. þaer him
+fold-wegas faegere þuhton, 867.--Comp. un-faeger.
+
+faegere, faegre, adv., _beautifully, well, becomingly, according to
+etiquette_: faegere geþaegon medoful manig, 1015; þa waes flet-sittendum
+faegere gereorded, _becomingly the repast was served_, 1789; Higelac ongan
+... faegre fricgean, 1986; similarly, 2990.
+
+faer, st. n., _craft, ship_: nom. sg., 33.
+
+faest, adj., _bound, fast_: nom. sg. bieth se slaep to faest, 1743; acc. sg.
+freondscipe faestne, 2070; faeste frioethuwaere, 1097.--The prep. on stands to
+denote the where or wherein: waes to faest on þam (sc. on faehethe and fyrene),
+137; on ancre faest, 303. Or, oftener, the dative: feond-grapum faest,
+_(held) fast in his antagonist's clutch_, 637; fyrbendum faest, _fast in the
+forged hinges_, 723; handa faest, 1291, etc.; hygebendum faest (beorn him
+langaeth), _fast (shut) in the bonds of his bosom, the man longs for_ (i.e.
+in secret), 1879.--Comp: ar-, blaed-, gin-, soeth-, tir-, wis-faest.
+
+faeste, adv., _faest_ 554, 761, 774, 789, 1296.--Comp. faestor, 143.
+
+be-faestan, w. v., _to give over_: inf. het Hildeburh hire selfre sunu
+sweoloethe befaestan, _to give over to the flames her own son_, 1116.
+
+faesten, st. n., _fortified place, or place difficult of access_: acc. sg.
+leoda faesten, _the fastness of the Geatas_ (with ref. to 2327), 2334;
+faesten (Ongenþeow's castle or fort), 2951; faesten (Grendel's house in the
+fen-sea), 104.
+
+faest-raed, adj., _firmly resolved_: acc. sg. faest-raedne geþoht, _firm
+determination_, 611.
+
+faet, st. m., _way, journey_: in comp. sieth-faet.
+
+faet, st. n., _vessel; vase, cup_: acc. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, _the
+(drinking-) vessels of men of old times_, 2762.--Comp.: ban-, drync-,
+maethethum-, sinc-, wundor-faet.
+
+faet, st. n. (?), _plate, sheet of metal_, especially _gold plate_ (Dietrich
+Hpt. Ztschr. XI. 420): dat. pl. gold sele ... faettum fahne, _shining with
+gold plates_ (the walls and the inner part of the roof were partly covered
+with gold), 717; sceal se hearda helm hyrsted golde faetum befeallen (sc.
+wesan), _the gold ornaments shall fall away from it_, 2257.
+
+faeted, faett, part., _ornamented with gold beaten into plate-form_: gen. sg.
+faettan goldes, 1094, 2247; instr. sg. faettan golde, 2103. Elsewhere,
+_covered, ornamented with gold plate_: nom. sg. sweord ... faeted, 2702;
+acc. sg. faeted waege, 2254, 2283; acc. pl. faette scyldas, 333; faette beagas,
+1751. [faeted, etc.]
+
+faeted-hleor, adj., phaleratus gena (Dietr.): acc. pl. eahta mearas
+faeted-hleore (_eight horses with bridles covered with plates of gold_),
+1037.
+
+faet-gold, st. n., _gold in sheets_ or _plates_: acc. sg., 1922.
+
+faege, adj.: 1) _forfeited to death, allotted to death by fate_: nom. sg.
+faege, 1756, 2142, 2976; faege and ge-flymed, 847; fus and faege, 1242; acc.
+sg. faegne flaesc-homan, 1569; dat. sg. faegum, 2078; gen. sg. faeges,
+1528.--2) _dead_: dat. pl. ofer faegum (_over the warriors fallen in the
+battle_), 3026.--Comp.: deaeth-, un-faege.
+
+faeheth (_state of hostility_, see fah), st. f., _hostile act, feud, battle_:
+nom. sg. faeheth, 2404, 3062; acc. sg. faehethe, 153, 459, 470, 596, 1334, etc.;
+also of the unhappy bowshot of the Hreethling, Haeethcyn, by which he killed his
+brother, 2466; dat. sg. fore faehethe and fyrene, 137; nalas for faehethe mearn
+(_did not recoil from the combat_), 1538; gen. sg, ne gefeah he þaere faehethe,
+109; gen. pl. faehetha gemyndig, 2690.--Comp. wael-faeheth.
+
+faehetho, st. f., same as above: nom. sg. sio faehetho, 3000; acc. faehetho, 2490.
+
+faelsian, w. v., _to bring into a good condition, to cleanse_: inf. þaet ic
+mote ... Heorot faelsian (from the plague of Grendel), 432; pret. Hroethgares
+... sele faelsode, 2353.
+
+ge-faelsian, w. v., same as above: pret. part. haefde gefaelsod ... sele
+Hroethgares, 826; Heorot is gefaelsod, 1177; waeron yeth-gebland eal gefaelsod,
+1621.
+
+faemne, w. f., _virgin, recens nupta_: dat. sg. faemnan, 2035; gen. sg.
+faemnan, 2060, both times of Hroethgar's daughter Freaware.
+
+faer, st. m., _sudden, unexpected attack_: nom. sg. (attack upon Hnaef's band
+by Finn's), 1069, 2231.
+
+faer-gripe, st. m., _sudden, treacherous gripe, attack_: nom. sg. faer-gripe
+flodes, 1517; dat. pl. under faergripum, 739.
+
+faer-gryre, st. m., _fright caused by a sudden attack_: dat. pl. wieth
+faer-gryrum (against the inroads of Grendel into Heorot), 174.
+
+faeringa, adv., _suddenly, unexpectedly_, 1415, 1989.
+
+faer-nieth, st. m., _hostility with sudden attacks_: gen. pl. hwaet me Grendel
+hafaeth ... faernietha gefremed, 476.
+
+feether-gearwe, st. f. pl. _(feather-equipment), the feathers of the shaft of
+the arrow_: dat. (instr.) pl. sceft feether-gearwum fus, 3120.
+
+fel, st. n., _skin, hide_: dat. pl. glof ... gegyrwed dracan fellum, _made
+of the skins of dragons_, 2089.
+
+fela, I., adj. indecl., _much, many_: as subst.: acc. sg. fela fricgende,
+2107. With worn placed before: hwaet þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spraece,
+_how very much you spoke about Breca_, 530.--With gen. sg.: acc. sg. fela
+fyrene, 810; wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426; worna fela sorge, 2004; to fela micles
+... Denigea leode, _too much of the race of the Danes_, 695; uncuethes fela,
+877; fela laethes, 930; fela leofes and laethes, 1061.--With gen. pl.: nom. sg.
+fela madma, 36; fela þaera wera and wifa, 993, etc.; acc. sg. fela missera,
+153; fela fyrena, 164; ofer landa fela, 311; maethethum-sigla fela (falo, MS.),
+2758; ne me swor fela aetha on unriht, _swore no false oaths_, 2739, etc.;
+worn fela maethma, 1784; worna fela guetha, 2543.--Comp. eal-fela.
+
+II., adverbial, _very_, 1386, 2103, 2951.
+
+fela-hror, adj., valde agitatus, _very active against the enemy, very
+warlike_, 27.
+
+fela-modig, adj., _very courageous_: gen. pl. -modigra, 1638, 1889.
+
+fela-synnig, adj., _very criminal, very guilty_: acc. sg. fela-sinnigne
+secg (in MS., on account of the alliteration, changed to simple sinnigne),
+1380.
+
+feolan, st. v., _to betake one's self into a place, to conceal one's self_:
+pret. siethethan inne fealh Grendles modor (in Heorot), 1282; þaer inne fealh
+secg syn-bysig (in the dragon's cave), 2227.--_to fall into, undergo,
+endure_: searoniethas fealh, 1201.
+
+aet-feolan, w. dat., insistere, adhaerere: pret. no ic him þaes georne aetfealh
+_(held him not fast enough_, 969.
+
+fen, st. n., _fen, moor_: acc. sg. fen, 104; dat. sg. to fenne, 1296;
+fenne, 2010.
+
+fen-freoetho, st. f., _refuge in the fen_: dat. sg. in fen-freoetho, 852.
+
+feng, st. m., _gripe, embrace_: nom. sg. fyres feng, 1765; acc. sg. fara
+feng (of the hostile sea-monsters), 578.--Comp. inwit-feng.
+
+fengel (probably _he who takes possession_, cf. to fon, 1756, and fon to
+rice, _to enter upon the government_), st. m., _lord, prince, king_: nom.
+sg. wisa fengel, 1401; snottra fengel, 1476, 2157; hringa fengel, 2346.
+
+fen-ge-lad, st. n., _fen-paths, fen with paths_: acc. pl. frecne fengelad
+(_fens difficult of access_), 1360.
+
+fen-hlieth, st. n., _marshy precipice_: acc. pl. under fen-hleoethu, 821.
+
+fen-hop, st. n., _refuge in the fen_: acc. pl. on fen-hopu, 765.
+
+ferh, st. m. n., _life_; see feorh.
+
+ferh, st. m., _hog, boar_, here of the boar-image on the helmet: nom. sg.,
+305.
+
+ferheth, st. m., _heart, soul_: dat. sg. on ferhethe, 755, 949, 1719; gehwylc
+hiora his ferhethe treowde, þaet ..., _each of them trusted to his_
+(Hunfereth's) _heart, that_ ..., 1167; gen. sg. ferhethes fore-þanc, 1061; dat.
+pl. (adverbial) ferhethum faegne, _happy at heart_, 1634; þaet mon ... ferhethum
+freoge, _that one ... heartily love_, 3178.--Comp.: collen-, sarig-,
+swift-, wide-ferheth.
+
+ferheth-frec, adj., _having good courage, bold, brave_: acc. sg. ferheth-frecan
+Fin, 1147.
+
+ferheth-geniethla, w. m., _mortal enemy_: acc. sg. ferheth-geniethlan, of the
+drake, 2882.
+
+ferian, w. v. w. acc., _to bear, to bring, to conduct_: pres. II. pl.
+hwanon ferigeaeth faette scyldas, 333; pret. pl. to scypum feredon eal
+ingesteald eorethcyninges, 1155; similarly, feredon, 1159, 3114.
+
+aet-ferian, _to carry away, to bear off_: pret. ic þaet hilt þanan feondum
+aetferede, 1669.
+
+ge-ferian, _bear, to bring, to lead_: pres. subj. I. pl. þonne (we)
+geferian frean userne, 3108; inf. geferian ... Grendles heafod, 1639; pret.
+þaet hi ut geferedon dyre maethmas, 3131; pret. part. her syndon geferede
+feorran cumene ... Geata leode, _men of the Geatas, come from afar, have
+been brought hither_ (by ship), 361.
+
+oeth-ferian, _to tear away, to take away_: pret. sg. I. unsofte þonan feorh
+oeth-ferede, 2142.
+
+of-ferian, _to carry off, to take away, to tear away_: pret. oether swylc ut
+offerede, _took away another such_ (sc. fifteen), 1584.
+
+fetel-hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_, with the gold chains fastened to it: acc.
+(sg. or pl.?), 1564. (See "Leitfaden f. nord. Altertumskunde," pp.45, 46.)
+
+fetian, w. v., _to bring near, bring_: pres. subj. nah hwa ... fe[tige]
+faeted waege, _bring the gold-chased tankard_, 2254; pret. part. hraethe waes to
+bure Beowulf fetod, 1311.
+
+ge-fetian, _to bring_: inf. het þa eorla hleo in gefetian Hreethles lafe,
+_caused Hreethel's sword to be brought_, 2191.
+
+a-fedan, w. v., _to nourish, to bring up_: pret. part. þaer he afeded waes,
+694.
+
+feetha (O.H.G. fendo), w. m.: 1) _foot-soldiers_: nom. pl. feethan, 1328,
+2545.--2) collective in sing., _band of foot-soldiers, troop of warriors_:
+nom. feetha eal gesaet, 1425; dat. on feethan, 2498, 2920.--Comp. gum-feetha.
+
+feethe, st. n., _gait, going, pace_: dat. sg. waes to foremihtig feond on
+feethe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (i.e. could flee too fast), 971.
+
+feethe-cempa, w. m., _foot-soldier_: nom. sg., 1545, 2854.
+
+feethe-gaest, st. m., _guest coming on foot_: dat. pl. feethe-gestum, 1977.
+
+feethe-last, st. m., _signs of going, footprint_: dat. pl. ferdon foreth þonon
+feethe-lastum, _went forth from there upon their trail_, i.e. by the same way
+that they had gone, 1633.
+
+feethe-wig, st. m., _battle on foot_: gen. sg. nealles Hetware hremge þorfton
+(sc. wesan) feethe-wiges, 2365.
+
+fel (= feol), st. f. _file_: gen. pl. fela lafe, _what the files have left
+behind_ (that is, the swords), 1033.
+
+feran, w. v., iter (A.S. for) facere, _to come, to go, to travel_: pres.
+subj. II. pl. aer ge ... on land Dena furethur feran, _ere you go farther into
+the land of the Danes_, 254; inf. feran on frean waere (_to die_), 27;
+gewiton him þa feran (_set out upon their way_), 301; mael is me to feran,
+316; feran ... gang sceawigan, _go, so as to see the footprints_, 1391;
+wide feran, 2262; pret. ferdon folctogan ... wundor sceawian, _the princes
+came to see the wonder_, 840; ferdon foreth, 1633.
+
+ge-feran: 1) adire, _to arrive at_: pres. subj. þonne eorl ende gefere
+lifgesceafta, _reach the end of life_, 3064; pret. part. haefde aeghwaeether
+ende gefered laenan lifes, _frail life's end had both reached_, 2845.--2)
+_to reach, to accomplish, to bring about_: pret. hafast þu gefered þaet ...,
+1222, 1856.--3) _to behave one's self, to conduct one's self_: pret. frecne
+geferdon, _had shown themselves daring_, 1692.
+
+feal, st. m., _fall_: in comp. wael-feal.
+
+feallan, st. v., _to fall, to fall headlong_: inf. feallan, 1071; pret. sg.
+þaet he on hrusan ne feol, _that it_ (the hall) _did not fall to the
+ground_, 773; similarly, feoll on foldan, 2976; feoll on feethan (dat. sg.),
+_fell in the band_ (of his warriors), 2920; pret. pl. þonne walu feollon,
+1043.
+
+be-feallen, pret. part. w. dat. or instr., _deprived of, robbed_: freondum
+befeallen, _robbed of friends_, 1127; sceal se hearda helm ... faetum
+befeallen (sc. wesan), _be robbed of its gold mountings_ (the gold mounting
+will fall away from it moldering), 2257.
+
+ge-feallan, _to fall, to sink down_: pres. sg. III. þaet se lic-homa ...
+faege gefealleeth, _that the body doomed to die sinks down_, 1756.--Also, with
+the acc. of the place whither: pret. meregrund gefeoll, 2101; he eorethan
+gefeoll, 2835.
+
+fealu, adj., _fallow, dun-colored, tawny_: acc. sg. ofer fealone flod
+(_over the sea_), 1951; fealwe straete (with reference to 320), 917; acc.
+pl. leton on geflit faran fealwe mearas, 866.--Comp. aeppel-fealo.
+
+feax, st. n., _hair, hair of the head_: dat. sg. waes be feaxe on flet boren
+Grendles heafod, _was carried by the hair into the hall_, 1648; him ...
+swat ... sprong foreth under fexe, _the blood sprang out under the hair of
+his head_, 2968.--Comp.: blonden-, gamol-, wunden-feax.
+
+ge-fea, w. m., _joy_: acc. sg. þaere fylle gefean, _joy at the abundant
+repast_, 562; ic þaes ealles maeg ... gefean habban (_can rejoice at all
+this_), 2741.
+
+fea, adj., _few_ dat. pl. nemne feaum anum, _except some few_, 1082; gen.
+pl. feara sum, _as one of a few, with a few_, 1413; feara sumne, _one of a
+few (some few)_, 3062. With gen. following: acc. pl. fea worda cwaeeth, _spoke
+few words_, 2663, 2247.
+
+fea-sceaft, adj., _miserable, unhappy, helpless_: nom. sg. syethethan aerest
+weareth feasceaft funden, 7; feasceaft guma (Grendel), 974; dat. sg.
+feasceaftum men, 2286; Eadgilse ... feasceaftum, 2394; nom. pl. feasceafte
+(the Geatas robbed of their king, Hygelac), 2374.
+
+feoh, feo, st. n., (_properly cattle, herd_) here, _possessions, property,
+treasure_: instr. sg. ne wolde ... feorh-bealo feo þingian, _would not
+allay life's evil for treasure_ (tribute), 156; similarly, þa faehethe feo
+þingode, 470; ic þe þa faehethe feo leanige, 1381.
+
+ge-feohan, ge-feon, st. v. w. gen. and instr., _to enjoy one's self, to
+rejoice at something_: a) w. gen.: pret. sg. ne gefeah he þaere faehethe, 109;
+hilde gefeh, beado-weorces, 2299; pl. fylle gefaegon, _enjoyed themselves at
+the bounteous repast_, 1015; þeodnes gefegon, _rejoiced at_ (the return of)
+_the ruler_, 1628.--b) w. instr.: niht-weorce gefeh, ellen-maerethum, 828;
+secg weorce gefeh, 1570; saelace gefeah, maegen-byrethenne þara þe he him mid
+haefde, _rejoiced at the gift of the sea, and at the great burden of that_
+(Grendel's head and the sword-hilt) _which he had with him_, 1625.
+
+feoh-gift, -gyft, st. f., _bestowing of gifts_ or _treasures_: gen. sg.
+þaere feoh-gyfte, 1026; dat. pl. aet feohgyftum, 1090; fromum feohgiftum,
+_with rich gifts_, 21.
+
+feoh-leas, adj., _that cannot be atoned for through gifts_: nom. sg. þaet
+waes feoh-leas gefeoht, _a deed of arms that cannot be expiated_ (the
+killing of his brother by Haeethcyn), 2442.
+
+ge-feoht, st. n., _combat; warlike deed_: nom. sg. (the killing of his
+brother by Haeethcyn), 2442; dat. sg. mece þone þin fader to gefeohte baer,
+_the sword which thy father bore to the combat_, 2049.
+
+ge-feohtan, st. v., _to fight_: inf. w. acc. ne mehte ... wig Hengeste wiht
+gefeohtan (_could by no means offer Hengest battle_), 1084.
+
+feohte, w. f., _combat_: acc. sg. feohtan, 576, 960. See were-fyhte.
+
+feor, adj., _far, remote_: nom. sg. nis þaet feor heonon, 1362; naes him feor
+þanon to gesecanne sinces bryttan, 1922; acc. sg. feor eal (_all that is
+far, past_), 1702.
+
+feor, adv., _far, far away_: a) of space, 42, 109, 809, 1806, 1917; feor
+and (oethethe) neah, _far and (or) near_, 1222, 2871; feorr, 2267.--b) of time:
+ge feor hafaeth faehethe gestaeled (_has placed us under her enmity henceforth_),
+1341.
+
+Comparative, fyr, feorr, and feor: fyr and faestor, 143; fyr, 252; feorr,
+1989; feor, 542.
+
+feor-buend, pt., _dwelling far away_: nom. pl. ge feor-buend, 254.
+
+feor-cyeth, st. f., _home of those living far away, distant land_: nom, pl.
+feor-cyethethe beoeth selran gesohte þaem þe him selfa deah, _foreign lands are
+better sought by him who trusts to his own ability_, 1839.
+
+feorh, ferh (Goth. fairhvu-s, _world_), st. m. and n., _life, principle of
+life, soul_: nom. sg. feorh, 2124; no þon lange waes feorh aeethelinges flaesce
+bewunden, _not for much longer was the soul of the prince enveloped in the
+body_ (he was near death), 2425; ferh ellen wraec, _life expelled the
+strength_ (i.e. with the departing life the strength disappeared also),
+2707; acc. sg. feorh ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; feorh gehealdan, _preserve
+his life_, 2857; feorh alegde, _gave up his life_, 852; similarly, aer he
+feorh seleeth, 1371; feorh oethferede, _tore away her life_, 2142; oeth þaet hie
+forlaeddan to þam lindplegan swaese gesiethas ond hyra sylfra feorh, _till in
+an evil hour they carried into battle their dear companions and their
+lives_ (i.e. led them to their death), 2041; gif þu þin feorh hafast, 1850;
+ymb feorh sacan (_to fight for life_), 439; waes in feorh dropen, _was
+wounded into his life_, i.e. mortally, 2982; widan feorh, as temporal acc.,
+_through a wide life_, i.e. always, 2015; dat. sg. feore, 1294, 1549; to
+widan feore, _for a wide life_, i.e. at all times, 934; on swa geongum
+feore (_at a so youthful age_), 1844; as instr., 578, 3014; gen. sg.
+feores, 1434, 1943; dat. pl. buton ... feorum gumena, 73; freonda feorum,
+1307.--Also, _body, corpse_: þa waes heal hroden feonda feorum (_the hall
+was covered with the slain of the enemy_), 1153; gehwearf þa in Francna
+faeethm feorh cyninges, _then the body of the king_ (Hygelac) _fell into the
+power of the Franks_, 1211. --Comp. geogoeth-feorh.
+
+feorh-bana, w. m., _(life-slayer), man-slayer, murderer_: dat. sg.
+feorh-bonan, 2466.
+
+feorh-ben, st. f., _wound that takes away life, mortal wound_: dat.
+(instr.) pl. feorh-bennum seoc, 2741.
+
+feorh-bealu, st. n., _evil destroying life, violent death_: nom. sg., 2078,
+2251, 2538; acc. sg., 156.
+
+feorh-cyn, st. n., _race of the living, mankind_: gen. pl. fela
+feorh-cynna, 2267.
+
+feorh-geniethla, w. m., _he who seeks life, life's enemy_ (N.H.G. Tod-feind),
+_mortal enemy_: acc. sg. -geniethlan, 1541; dat. sg. -geniethlan, 970; acc. sg.
+braegd feorh-geniethlan, 1541; acc. pl. folgode feorh-geniethlan, (Ongenþeow)
+_pursued his mortal enemies_, 2934.
+
+feorh-lagu, st. f., _the life allotted to anyone, life determined by fate_:
+acc. sg. on maethma hord mine (minne, MS.) bebohte frode feorh-lege, _for the
+treasure-hoard I sold my old life_, 2801.
+
+feorh-last, st. m., _trace of (vanishing) life, sign of death _: acc. pl.
+feorh-lastas baer, 847.
+
+feorh-seoc, adj., _mortally wounded_: nom. sg., 821.
+
+feorh-sweng, st. m., _(stroke robbing of life), fatal blow_: acc. sg.,
+2490.
+
+feorh-wund, st. f., _mortal wound, fatal injury_: acc. sg. feorh-wunde
+hleat, 2386.
+
+feorm, st. f., _subsistence, entertainment_: acc. sg. no þu ymb mines ne
+þearft lices feorme leng sorgian, _thou needest no longer have care for the
+sustenance of my body_, 451.--2) _banquet_: dat. on feorme (or feorme,
+MS.), 2386.
+
+feormend-leas, adj., _wanting the. cleanser_: acc. pl. geseah ...
+fyrn-manna fatu feormend-lease, 2762.
+
+feormian, w. v., _to clean, to cleanse, to polish_: pres. part. nom pl.
+feormiend swefaeth (feormynd, MS.), 2257.
+
+ge-feormian, w. v., _to feast, to eat_; pret. part. sona haefde unlyfigendes
+eal gefeormod fet and folma, 745.
+
+feorran, w. v., w. acc., _to remove_: inf. sibbe ne wolde wieth manna hwone
+maegenes Deniga feorh-bealo feorran, feo þingian, (Grendel) _would not from
+friendship free any one of the men of the Danes of life's evil, nor allay
+it for tribute_, 156.
+
+feorran, adv., _from afar_: a) of space, 361, 430, 826, 1371, 1820, etc.;
+siethethan aeethelingas feorran gefricgean fleam eowerne, _when noble men afar
+learn of your flight_ (when the news of your flight reaches distant lands),
+2890; ferdon folctogan feorran and nean, _from far and from near_, 840;
+similarly, nean and feorran þu nu [friethu] hafast, 1175; waes þaes wyrmes wig
+wide gesyne ... nean and feorran, _visible from afar, far and near_,
+2318.--b) temporal: se þe cuethe frumsceaft fira feorran reccan (_since
+remote antiquity_), 91; similarly, feorran rehte, 2107.
+
+feorran-cund, adj., _foreign-born_: dat. sg. feorran-cundum, 1796.
+
+feor-weg, st. m., _far way_: dat. pl. madma fela of feorwegum, _many
+precious things from distant paths_ (from foreign lands), 37.
+
+ge-feon. See feohan.
+
+feond, st. m., _enemy_: nom. sg., 164, 726, 749; feond on helle (Grendel),
+101; acc. sg., 279, 1865, 2707; dat. sg. feonde, 143, 439; gen. sg.
+feondes, 985, 2129, 2290; acc, pl. feond, 699; dat. pl. feondum, 420, 1670;
+gen. pl. feonda 294, 809, 904.
+
+feond-grap, st. f., _foe's clutch_: dat. (instr.) pl. feond-grapum faest,
+637.
+
+feond-sceaetha, w. m., _one who is an enemy and a robber_: nom. sg. fah
+feond-scaetha (_a hostile sea-monster_), 554.
+
+feond-scipe, st. m., _hostility_: nom. sg., 3000.
+
+feower, num., _four_: nom. feower bearn, 59; feower mearas, 2164; feower,
+as substantive, 1638; acc. feower maethmas, 1028.
+
+feower-tyne, num., _fourteen_: nom. with following gen. pl. feowertyne
+Geata, 1642.
+
+findan, st. v., _to find, to invent, to attain_: a) with simple object in
+acc.: inf. þara þe he cenoste findan mihte, 207; swylce hie at Finnes-ham
+findan meahton sigla searo-gimma, 1157; similarly, 2871; maeg þaer fela
+freonda findan, 1839; wolde guman findan, 2295; swa hyt weorethlicost
+fore-snotre men findan mihton, _so splendidly as only very wise men could
+devise it_, 3164; pret. sg. healþegnas fand, 720; word oether fand, _found
+other words_, i.e. went on to another narrative, 871; grimne gryrelicne
+grund-hyrde fond, 2137; þaet ic godne funde beaga bryttan, 1487; pret. part.
+syethethan aerest weareth feasceaft funden (_discovered_), 7.--b) with acc. and
+pred. adj.: pret. sg. dryhten sinne driorigne fand, 2790.--c) with acc. and
+inf.: pret. fand þa þaer inne aeethelinga gedriht swefan, 118; fand waeccendne
+wer wiges bidan, 1268; hord-wynne fond opene standan, 2271; oeth þaet he
+fyrgen-beamas ... hleonian funde, 1416; pret. pl. fundon þa sawulleasne
+hlim-bed healdan, 3034.--d) with dependent clause: inf. no þy aer feasceafte
+findan meahton aet þam aeethelinge þaet he Heardrede hlaford waere (_could by no
+means obtain it from the prince_), 2374.
+
+on-findan, _to be sensible of, to perceive, to notice_: a) w. acc.: pret.
+sg. landweard onfand eftsieth eorla, _the coast-guard observed the return of
+the earls_, 1892; pret. part. þa heo onfunden waes (_was discovered_),
+1294.--b) w. depend, clause: pret. sg. þa se gist onfand þaet se beado-leoma
+bitan nolde, _the stranger_ (Beowulf) _perceived that the sword would not
+cut_, 1523; sona þaet onfunde, þaet ..., _immediately perceived that_...,
+751; similarly, 810, 1498.
+
+finger, st. m., _finger_: nom. pl. fingras, 761; acc. pl. fingras, 985;
+dat. (instr.) pl. fingrum, 1506; gen. pl. fingra, 765.
+
+firas, fyras (O.H.G. firahi, i.e. _the living_; cf. feorh), st. m., only in
+pl., _men_: gen. pl. fira, 91, 2742; monegum fira, 2002; fyra gehwylcne
+leoda minra, 2251; fira fyrngeweorc, 2287.
+
+firen, fyren, st. f., _cunning waylaying, insidious hostility, malice,
+outrage_: nom. sg. fyren, 916; acc. sg. fyrene and faehethe, 153; faehethe and
+fyrene, 880, 2481; firen' ondrysne, 1933; dat. sg. fore faehethe and fyrene,
+137; gen. pl. fyrena, 164, 629; and fyrene, 812; fyrena hyrde (of Grendel),
+751. The dat. pl., fyrenum, is used adverbially in the sense of
+_maliciously_, 1745, or _fallaciously_, with reference to Haeethcyn's killing
+Herebeald, which was done unintentionally, 2442.
+
+firen-daed, st. f., _wicked deed_: acc. pl. fyren-daeda, 1670; instr. pl.
+fyren-daedum, 1002; both times of Grendel and his mother, with reference to
+their nocturnal inroads.
+
+firen-þearf, st. f., _misery through the malignity of enemies_: acc. sg.
+fyren-þearfe, 14.
+
+firgen-beam, st. m., _tree of a mountain-forest_: acc. pl. fyrgen-beamas,
+1415.
+
+firgen-holt, st. m., _mountain-wood, mountain-forest_: acc. sg. on
+fyrgen-holt, 1394.
+
+firgen-stream, st. m., _mountain-stream_: nom. sg. fyrgen-stream, 1360;
+acc. sg. under fyrgen-stream (marks the place where the mountain-stream,
+according to 1360, empties into Grendel's sea), 2129.
+
+fisc, st. m., _fish_: in comp. hron-, mere-fisc.
+
+fif, num., _five_: uninflect. gen. fif nihta fyrst, 545; acc. fife (?),
+420.
+
+fifel-cyn (O.N. fifl, stultus and gigas), st. n., _giant-race_: gen. sg.
+fifelcynnes eard, 104.
+
+fif-tene, fif-tyne, num., _fifteen_: acc. fyftyne, 1583; gen. fiftena sum,
+207.
+
+fif-tig, num., _fifty_: 1) as substantive with gen. following; acc. fiftig
+wintra, 2734; gen. se waes fiftiges fot-gemearces lang, 3043.--2) as
+adjective: acc. fiftig wintru, 2210.
+
+flan, st. m., _arrow_: dat. sg. flane, 3120; as instr., 2439.
+
+flan-boga, w. m., _bow which shoots the flan, bow_: dat. sg. of flan-bogan,
+1434, 1745.
+
+flaesc, st. n., _flesh, body in contrast with soul_: instr. sg. no þon lange
+waes feorh aeethelinges flaesce bewunden, _not much longer was the son of the
+prince contained in his body_, 2425.
+
+flaesc-hama, w. m., _clothing of flesh_, i.e. the body: acc. sg.
+flaesc-homan, 1569.
+
+flet, st. n.: 1) _ground, floor of a hall_: acc. sg. heo on flet gebeah,
+_fell to the ground_, 1541; similarly, 1569.--2) _hall, mansion_: nom. sg.
+1977; acc. sg. flet, 1037, 1648, 1950, 2018, etc.; flett, 2035; þaet hie him
+oether flet eal gerymdon, _that they should give up entirely to them another
+hall_, 1087; dat. sg. on flette, 1026.
+
+flet-raest, st. f., _resting-place in the hall_: acc. sg. flet-raeste gebeag,
+_reclined upon the couch in the hall_, 1242.
+
+flet-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_: acc. pl -sittende, 2023;
+dat. pl. -sittendum, 1789.
+
+flet-werod, st. n., _troop from the hall_: nom. sg., 476.
+
+fleam, st. m., _flight_: acc. sg. on fleam gewand, _had turned to flight_,
+1002; fleam eowerne, 2890.
+
+fleogan, st. v., _to fly_: prs. sg. III. fleogeeth, 2274.
+
+fleon, st. v., _to flee_: inf. on heolster fleon, 756; fleon on fenhopu,
+765; fleon under fen-hleoethu, 821; pret. hete-swengeas fleah, 2226.
+
+be-fleon, w. acc., _to avoid, to escape_: gerund no þaet yethe byeth to
+befleonne, _that is not easy_ (i.e. not at all) _to be avoided_, 1004.
+
+ofer-fleon, w. acc., _to flee from one, to yield_: inf. nelle ic beorges
+weard oferfleon fotes trem, _will not yield to the warder of the mountain_
+(the drake) _a foot's breadth_, 2526.
+
+fleotan, st. v., _to float upon the water, to swim_: inf. no he wiht fram
+me flod-yethum feor fleotan meahte. hraethor on helme, _no whit, could he swim
+from me farther on the waves_ (regarded as instrumental, so that the waves
+marked the distance), _more swiftly in the sea_, 542; pret. saegenga fleat
+famigheals foreth ofer yethe, _floated away over the waves_, 1910.
+
+fliht. See flyht.
+
+flitme. See un-flitme.
+
+flitan, st. v., _to exert one's self, to strive, to emulate_: pres. part.
+flitende fealwe straete mearum maeton (_rode a race_), 917; pret. sg. II.
+eart þu se Beowulf, se þe wieth Brecan ... ymb sund flite, _art thou the
+Beowulf who once contended with Breca for the prize in swimming?_ 507.
+
+ofer-flitan, _to surpass one in a contest, to conquer, to overcome_: pret.
+w. acc. he þe aet sunde oferflat (_overcome thee in a swimming-wager_), 517.
+
+ge-flit, st. n., _emulation_: acc. sg. leton on geflit faran fealwe mearas,
+_let the fallow horses go in emulation_, 866.
+
+floga, w. m., _flyer_; in the compounds: gueth-, lyft-, uht-, wieth-floga.
+
+flota (see fleotan), w. m., _float, ship, boat_: nom. sg., 210, 218, 301;
+acc. sg. flotan eowerne, 294.--Comp. waeg-flota.
+
+flot-here, st. m., _fleet_: instr. sg. cwom faran flotherge on Fresna land,
+2916.
+
+flod, st. m., _flood, stream, sea-current_: nom. sg., 545, 580, 1362, etc.;
+acc. sg. flod, 3134; ofer fealone flod, 1951; dat. sg. to flode, 1889; gen.
+pl. floda begong, _the region of floods_, i.e. the sea, 1498, 1827; floda
+genipu, 2809.
+
+flod-yeth, st. f., _flood-wave_: instr. pl. flod-yethum, 542.
+
+flor, st. m., _floor, stone-floor_: acc. sg. on fagne flor (the floor was
+probably a kind of mosaic, made of colored flags), 726; dat. sg. gang þa
+aefter flore, _along the floor_ (i.e. along the hall), 1317.
+
+flyht, fliht, st. m., _flight_: nom. sg. gares fliht, _flight of the
+spear_, 1766.
+
+ge-flyman, w. v., _to put to flight_: pret. part. geflymed, 847, 1371.
+
+folc, st. n., _troop, band of warriors; folk_, in the sense of the whole
+body of the fighting men of a nation: acc. sg. folc, 522, 694, 912; Suethdene
+folc, 464; folc and rice, 1180; dat. sg. folce, 14, 2596; folce Deninga,
+465; as instr. folce gestepte ofer sae side, _went with a band of warriors
+over the wide sea_, 2394; gen. sg. folces, 1125; folces Denigea, 1583.--The
+king is called folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2645, 2982; freawine folces, 2358;
+or folces weard, 2514. The queen, folces cwen, 1933.--The pl., in the sense
+of _warriors, fighting men_: nom. pl. folc, 1423, 2949; dat. pl. folcum,
+55, 262, 1856; gen. pl. freo- (frea-) wine folca, _of the king_, 430, 2430;
+friethu-sibb folca, _of the queen_, 2018.--Comp. sige-folc.
+
+folc-agend, pres. part., _leader of a band of warriors_: nom. pl.
+folc-agende, 3114.
+
+folc-beorn, st. m., _man of the multitude, a common man_: nom. sg.
+folc-beorn, 2222.
+
+folc-cwen, st. f., _queen of a warlike host_: nom. sg., of Wealhþeow, 642.
+
+folc-cyning, st. m., _king of a warlike host_: nom. sg., 2734, 2874.
+
+folc-raed, st. m, _what best serves a warlike host_: acc. sg., 3007.
+
+folc-riht, st. n., _the rights of the fighting men of a nation_: gen. pl.
+him aer forgeaf ... folcrihta gehwylc, swa his faeder ahte, 2609.
+
+folc-scearu, st. f., _part of a host of warriors, nation_: dat. sg.
+folc-scare, 73.
+
+folc-stede, st. m., _position of a band of warriors, place where a band of
+warriors is quartered_: acc. sg. folcstede, of the hall, Heorot, 76;
+folcstede fara (_the battle-field_), 1464.
+
+folc-toga, w. m., _leader of a body of warriors, duke_: nom. pl., powerful
+liege-men of Hroethgar are called folc-togan, 840.
+
+fold-bold, st. n., _earth-house_ (i.e. a house on earth in contrast with a
+dwelling in heaven): nom. sg. faeger fold-bold, of the hall, Heorot, 774.
+
+fold-buend, pres. part. _dweller on earth, man_: nom. pl. fold-buend, 2275;
+fold-buende, 1356; dat. pl. fold-buendum, 309.
+
+folde, w. f., _earth, ground_: acc. sg. under foldan, 1362; feoll on
+foldan, 2976; gen. sg. foldan bearm, _the bosom of the earth_, 1138; foldan
+sceatas, 96; foldan faeethm, 1394.--Also, _earth, world_: dat. sg. on foldan,
+1197.
+
+fold-weg, st. m., _field-way, road through the country_: acc. sg. fold-weg,
+1634; acc. pl. fold-wegas, 867.
+
+folgian, w. v.: 1) _to perform vassal-duty, to serve, to follow_: pret. pl.
+þeah hie hira beaggyfan banan folgedon, _although they followed the
+murderer of their prince_, 1103.--2) _to pursue, to follow after_: folgode
+feorh-geniethlan (acc. pl.) 2934.
+
+folm, st. f, _hand_: acc. sg. folme, 971, 1304; dat. sg. mid folme, 743;
+acc. pl. fet and folma, _feet and hands_, 746; dat. pl. to banan folmum,
+158; folmum (instr.), 723, 993.--Comp.: beado-, gearo-folm.
+
+for, prep. w. dat., instr., and acc.: 1) w. dat. local, _before_, ante: þaet
+he for eaxlum gestod Deniga frean, 358; for hlawe, 1121.--b) _before_,
+coram, in conspectu: no he þaere feohgyfte for sceotendum scamigan þorfte,
+_had no need to be ashamed of the gift before the warriors_, 1027; for þaem
+werede, 1216; for eorlum, 1650; for duguethe, _before the noble band of
+warriors_, 2021.--Causal, a) to denote a subjective motive, _on account of,
+through, from_: for wlenco, _from bravery, through warlike courage_, 338,
+1207; for wlence, 508; for his wonhydum, 434; for onmedlan, 2927, etc.--b)
+objective, partly denoting a cause, _through, from, by reason of_: for
+metode, _for the creator, on account of the creator_, 169; for þreanydum,
+833; for þreanedlan, 2225; for dolgilpe, _on account of, in accordance with
+the promise of bold deeds_ (because you claimed bold deeds for yourself),
+509; him for hrofsele hrinan ne mehte faer-gripe flodes, _on account of the
+roofed hall the malicious grasp of the flood could not reach him_, 1516;
+lig-egesan waeg for horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the treasure_,
+2782; for mundgripe minum, _on account of, through the gripe of my hand_,
+966; for þaes hildfruman hondgeweorce, 2836; for swenge, _through the
+stroke_, 2967; ne meahte ... deop gedygan for dracan lege, _could not hold
+out in the deep on account of the heat of the drake_, 2550. Here may be
+added such passages as ic þaem godan sceal for his modþraece maethmas beodan,
+_will offer him treasures on account of his boldness of character, for his
+high courage_, 385; ful-oft for laessan lean teohhode, _gave often reward
+for what was inferior_, 952; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not uneasy about
+his life_, 1443; similarly, 1538. Also denoting purpose: for arstafum, _to
+the assistance_, 382, 458.--2) w. instr. causal, _because of, for_: he hine
+feor forwraec for þy mane, 110.--3) w. acc., _for, as, instead of_: for sunu
+freogan, _love as a son_, 948; for sunu habban, 1176; ne him þaes wyrmes wig
+for wiht dyde, _held the drake's fighting as nothing_, 2349.
+
+foran, adv., _before, among the first, forward_: siethethan ... sceawedon
+feondes fingras, foran aeghwylc (_each before himself_), 985; þaet waes an
+foran ealdgestreona, _that was one among the first of the old treasures_,
+i.e. a splendid old treasure, 1459; þe him foran ongean linde baeron, _bore
+their shields forward against him_ (went out to fight against him), 2365.
+
+be-foran: 1) adv., local, _before_: he ... beforan gengde, _went before_,
+1413; temporal, _before, earlier_, 2498.--2) prep. w. acc. _before_, in
+conspectu: maere maethethum-sweord manige gesawon beforan beorn beran, 1025.
+
+ford, st. m., _ford, water-way_: acc. sg. ymb brontne ford, 568.
+
+foreth: 1) local, _forth, hither, near_: foreth near aetstop, _approached
+nearer_, 746; þa cwom Wealhþeo foreth gan, 1163; similarly, 613; him seleþegn
+foreth wisade, _led him_ (Beowulf) _forth_ (to the couch that had been
+prepared for him in Heorot), 1796; þaet him swat sprong foreth under fexe,
+_forth under the hair of his head_, 2968. _Forward, further_: gewitaeth foreth
+beran waepen and gewaedu, 291; he to foreth gestop, 2290; freoetho-wong þone foreth
+ofereodon, 2960. _Away, forth_, 45, 904; fyrst foreth gewat, _the time_ (of
+the way to the ship) _was out_, i.e. they had arrived at the ship, 210; me
+... foreth-gewitenum, _to me the departed_, 1480; ferdon foreth, _went forth_
+(from Grendel's sea), 1633; þonne he foreth scile, _when he must (go) forth_,
+i.e. die, 3178; hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men foreth gefremede, _carried
+him forth, over all men_, 1719.--2) temporal, _forth, from now on_: heald
+foreth tela niwe sibbe, 949; ic sceal foreth sprecan gen ymbe Grendel, _shall
+from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2070. See furethum and furethor.
+
+foreth-gerimed, pres. part., _in unbroken succession_, 59.
+
+foreth-gesceaft, st. f., _that which is determined for farther on, future
+destiny_: acc. sg. he þa foreth-gesceaft forgyteeth and forgymeeth, 1751.
+
+foreth-weg, st. m., _road that leads away, journey_: he of ealdre gewat frod
+on foreth-weg (_upon the way to the next world_), 2626.
+
+fore, prep. w. dat., local, _before_, coram, in conspectu: heo fore þaem
+werede spraec, 1216. Causal, _through, for, because of_: no mearn fore faehethe
+and fyrene, 136; fore faeder daedum, _because of the father's deeds_,
+2060,--Allied to this is the meaning, _about_, de, super: þaer waes sang and
+sweg samod aetgaedere fore Healfdenes hildewisan, _song and music about
+Healfdene's general_ (the song of Hnaef), 1065.
+
+fore-maere, adj., _renowned beyond (others)_, praeclarus: superl. þaet waes
+fore-maerost foldbuendum receda under roderum, 309.
+
+fore-mihtig, adj., _able beyond (others)_, praepotens: nom. sg. waes to
+foremihtig feond on feethe, _the enemy was too strong in going_ (could flee
+too rapidly), 970.
+
+fore-snotor, adj., _wise beyond (others)_, sapientissimus: nom. pl.
+foresnotre men, 3164.
+
+fore-þanc, st. m., _forethought, consideration, deliberation_: nom. sg.,
+1061.
+
+forht, adj., _fearful, cowardly_: nom. sg. forht, 2968; he on mode weareth
+forht on ferhethe, 755.--Comp. unforht.
+
+forma, adj., _foremost, first_: nom. sg. forma sieth (_the first time_), 717,
+1464, 1528, 2626; instr. sg. forman siethe, 741, 2287; forman dogore, 2574.
+
+fyrmest, adv. superl., _first of all, in the first place_: he fyrmest laeg,
+2078.
+
+forst, st. m., _frost, cold_: gen. sg. forstes bend, 1610.
+
+for-þam, for-þan, for-þon, adv. and conj., _therefore, on that account,
+then_: forþam, 149; forþan, 418, 680, 1060; forþon þe, _because_, 503.
+
+fon, st. v., _to catch, to grasp, to take hold, to take_: prs. sg. III.
+feheth oether to, _another lays hold_ (takes possession), 1756; inf. ic mid
+grape sceal fon wieth feonde, 439; pret. sg. him togeanes feng, _caught at
+him, grasped at him_, 1543; w. dat. he þam fraetwum feng, _received the rich
+adornments_ (Ongenþeow's equipment), 2990.
+
+be-fon, _to surround, to ensnare, to encompass, to embrace_: pret. part.
+hyne sar hafaeth ... nearwe befongen balwon bendum, 977; heo aeethelinga anne
+haefde faeste befangen (_had seized him firmly_), 1296; helm ... befongen
+freawrasnum (_encircled by an ornament like a diadem_), 1452; fenne
+bifongen, _surrounded by the fen_, 2010; (draca) fyre befongen, _encircled
+by fire_, 2275, 2596; haefde landwara lige befangen, _encompassed by fire_,
+2322.
+
+ge-fon, w. acc., _to seize, to grasp_: pret. he gefeng slaependne rinc, 741;
+guethrinc gefeng atolan clommum, 1502; gefeng þa be eaxle ... Guethgeata leod
+Grendles modor, 1538; gefeng þa fetelhilt, 1564; hond rond gefeng, geolwe
+linde, 2610; ic on ofoste gefeng micle mid mundum maegen-byrethenne, _hastily
+I seized with my hands the enormous burden_, 3091.
+
+on-fon, w. dat., _to receive, to accept, to take_: pres. imp. sg. onfoh
+þissum fulle, _accept this cup_, 1170; inf. þaet þaet þeodnes bearn ...
+scolde faeder-aeethelum onfon, _receive the paternal rank_, 912; pret. sg. hwa
+þaem hlaeste onfeng, _who received the ship's lading_, 52; hleor-bolster
+onfeng eorles andwlitan, _the pillow received the nobleman's face_, 689;
+similarly, 853, 1495; heal swege onfeng, _the hall received the loud
+noise_, 1215; he onfeng hraethe inwit-þancum, _he_ (Beowulf) _at once
+clutched him_ (Grendel) _devising malice_, 749.
+
+þurh-fon, w. acc., _to break through with grasping, to destroy by
+grasping_: inf. þaet heo þone fyrd-hom þurh-fon ne mihte, 1505.
+
+wieth-fon, w. dat., _(to grasp at), to seize, to lay hold of_: pret. sg. him
+faeste wieth-feng, 761.
+
+ymbe-fon, w. acc., _to encircle_: pret. heals ealne ymbefeng biteran banum,
+_encircled his_ (Beowulf's) _whole neck with sharp bones_ (teeth), 2692.
+
+fot, st. m., _foot_: gen. sg. fotes trem (_the measure of a foot, a foot
+broad_), 2526; acc. pl. fet, 746; dat. pl. aet fotum, _at the feet_, 500,
+1167.
+
+fot-gemearc, st. n., _measure, determining by feet, number of feet_: gen.
+sg. se waes fiftiges fotgemearces lang (_fifty feet long_), 3043.
+
+fot-last, st. m., _foot-print_: acc. sg. (draca) onfand feondes fot-last,
+2290.
+
+fracod, adj., _objectionable, useless_. nom. sg. naes seo ecg fracod
+hilde-rince, 1576.
+
+fram, from, I. prep. w. dat. loc. _away from something_: þaer fram sylle
+abeag medubenc monig, 776, 1716; þanon eft gewiton ealdgesiethas ... fram
+mere, 856; cyning-balde men from þaem holmclife hafelan baeron, 1636;
+similarly, 541, 543, 2367. Standing after the dat.: he hine feor forwraec
+... mancynne fram, 110; similarly, 1716. Also, _hither from something_: þa
+ic cwom ... from feondum, 420; aeghwaeethrum waes ... broga fram oethrum,
+2566.--Causal with verbs of saying and hearing, _of, about, concerning_:
+saegdest from his siethe, 532; no ic wiht fram þe swylcra searo-nietha secgan
+hyrde, 581; þaet he fram Sigemunde secgan hyrde, 876. II adv., _away,
+thence_: no þy aer fram meahte, 755; _forth, out_: from aerest cwom orueth
+aglaecean ut of stane, _the breath of the dragon came forth first from the
+rock_ 2557.
+
+fram, from, adj.: 1) _directed forwards, striving forwards_; in comp.
+sieth-fram.--2) _excellent, splendid_, of a man with reference to his warlike
+qualities: nom. sg. ic eom on mode from, 2528; nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477. Of things: instr. pl. fromum feoh-giftum, 21.--Comp. un-from;
+see freme, forma.
+
+ge-fraegen. See frignan.
+
+fraetwe, st. f. pl., _ornament, anything costly_, originally _carved
+objects_ (cf. Dietrich in Hpts. Ztschr. X. 216 ff.), afterwards of any
+costly and artistic work: acc. pl. fraetwe, 2920; beorhte fraetwe, 214;
+beorhte fraetwa, 897; fraetwe.. eorclan-stanas, 1208; fraetwe,...
+breost-weorethunge, 2504, both times of Hygelac's collar; fraetwe and
+faet-gold, 1922; fraetwe (Eanmund's sword and armor), 2621; dat. instr. pl.
+þam fraetwum, 2164; on fraetewum, 963; fraetwum (Heaethobeard sword) hremig,
+2055; fraetwum, of the drake's treasures, 2785; fraetwum (Ongenþeow's armor),
+2990; gen. pl. fela ... fraetwa, 37; þara fraetwa (drake's treasure), 2795;
+fraetwa hyrde (drake), 3134.
+
+fraetwan, w. v., _to supply with ornaments, to adorn_: inf. folc-stede
+fraetwan, 76.
+
+ge-fraetwian, w. v., _to adorn_: pret. sg. gefraetwade foldan sceatas leomum
+and leafum, 96; pret. part. þa waes haten Heort innanweard folmum gefraetwod,
+993.
+
+ge-fraege, adj., _known by reputation, renowned_: nom. sg. leod-cyning ...
+folcum gefraege, 55; swa hyt gefraege waes, 2481.
+
+ge-fraege, st. n., _information through hearsay_: instr. sg. mine gefraege
+(_as I learned through the narrative of others_), 777, 838, 1956, etc.
+
+ge-fraegnian, w. v., _to become known through hearsay_: pret. part. fylle
+gefraegnod (of Grendel's mother, who had become known through the carrying
+off of Aeschere), 1334?
+
+freca, w. m., properly _a wolf_, as one that breaks in, robs; here a
+designation of heroes: nom. sg. freca Scildinga, of Beowulf, 1564.--Comp.:
+gueth-, hilde-, scyld-, sweord-, wig-freca; fereth-frec (adj.).
+
+fremde, adj., properly _distant, foreign_; then _estranged, hostile_: nom
+sg. þaet waes fremde þeod ecean dryhtne, of the giants, 1692.
+
+freme, adj., _excellent, splendid_: nom. sg. fem. fremu folces cwen, of
+Þryetho, 1933(?).
+
+fremman, w. v., _to press forward, to further_, hence: 1) in general, _to
+perform, to accomplish, to do, to make_: pres. subj. without an object,
+fremme se þe wille, _let him do (it) whoever will_, 1004. With acc.: imp.
+pl. fremmaeth ge nu leoda þearfe, 2801; inf. fyrene fremman, 101; saecce
+fremman, 2500; faehethe ... maerethum fremman, 2515, etc.; pret. sg. folcraed
+fremede (_did what was best for his men_, i.e. ruled wisely), 3007; pl. hu
+þa aeethelingas ellen fremedon, 3; feohtan fremedon, 960; nalles facenstafas
+... þenden fremedon, 1020; pret. subj. þaet ic ... maeretho fremede, 2135. --2)
+_to help on, to support_: inf. þaet he mec fremman wile wordum and worcum
+(to an expedition), 1833.
+
+ge-fremman, w. acc., _to do, to make, to render_: inf. gefremman eorlic
+ellen, 637; helpan gefremman, _to give help_, 2450; aefter weaspelle wyrpe
+gefremman, _to work a change after sorrow_ (to give joy after sorrow),
+1316; gerund, to gefremmanne, 174, 2645; pret. sg. gefremede, 135, 165,
+551, 585, etc.; þeah þe hine mihtig god ... ofer ealle men foreth gefremede,
+_placed him away, above all men_, i.e. raised him, 1719; pret. pl.
+gefremedon, 1188, 2479; pret. subj. gefremede, 177; pret. part. gefremed,
+476; fem, nu scealc hafaeth ... daed gefremede, 941; absolutely, þu þe self
+hafast daedum gefremed, þaet ..., _hast brought it about by thy deeds that_,
+955.
+
+fretan, st. v., _to devour, to consume_: inf. þa (the precious things)
+sceal brond fretan, 3015; nu sceal gled fretan wigena strengel, 3115; pret.
+sg. (Grendel) slaepende fraet folces Denigea fyftyne men, 1582.
+
+frecne, adj., _dangerous, bold_: nom. sg. frecne fyr-draca, 2690;
+feorh-bealo frecne, 2251, 2538; acc. sg. frecne daede, 890; frecne fengelad,
+1360; frecne stowe, 1379; instr. sg. frecnan spraece (_through provoking
+words_), 1105.
+
+frecne, adv., _boldly, audaciously_, 960, 1033, 1692.
+
+frea, w. m., _ruler, lord_, of a temporal ruler: nom. sg. frea, 2286; acc.
+sg. frean, 351, 1320, 2538, 3003, 3108; gen. sg. frean, 359, 500, 1167,
+1681; dat. sg. frean, 271, 291, 2663. Of a husband: dat. sg. eode ... to
+hire frean sittan, 642. Of God: dat. sg. frean ealles, _the Lord of all_,
+2795; gen. sg. frean, 27.-- Comp.: agend-, lif-, sin-frea.
+
+frea-dryhten, st. m., _lord, ruling lord_: gen. sg. frea-drihtnes, 797.
+
+frea-wine, st. m., _lord and friend, friendly ruler_: nom. sg. frea-wine
+folces (folca), 2358, 2430; acc. sg. his frea-wine, 2439.
+
+frea-wrasn, st. f., _encircling ornament like a diadem_: instr. pl. helm
+... befongen freawrasnum, 1452; see wrasn.
+
+freoethu, friethu, f., _protection, asylum, peace_: acc. sg. wel bieth þaem þe mot
+... to faeder faeethmum freoetho wilnian, _who may obtain an asylum in God's
+arms_, 188; nean and feorran þu nu [friethu] hafast, 1175.--Comp. fen-freoetho.
+
+freoetho-burh, st. f., _castle, city affording protection_: acc. sg.
+freoethoburh faegere, 522.
+
+freoetho-wong, st. m., _field of peace, field of protection_: acc. sg., 2960;
+seems to have been the proper name of a field.
+
+freoetho-waer, st. f., _peace-alliance, security of peace_: acc. sg. þa hie
+getruwedon on twa healfa faeste frioethu-waere, 1097; gen. sg. frioethowaere baed
+hlaford sinne, _entreated his lord for the protection of peace_ (i.e. full
+pardon for his delinquency), 2283.
+
+freoetho-webbe, w. f., _peace-weaver_, designation of the royal consort
+(often one given in marriage as a confirmation of a peace between two
+nations): nom. sg., 1943.
+
+freo-burh, st. f., = frea-burg (?), _ruler's castle_ (?) (according to
+Grein, arx ingenua): acc. sg. freoburh, 694.
+
+freod, st. f., _friendship_: acc. sg. freode ne woldon ofer heafo healdan,
+2477; gen. sg. naes þaer mara fyrst freode to friclan, _was no longer time to
+seek for friendship_, 2557; --_favor, acknowledgement_: acc. sg. ic þe
+sceal mine gelaestan freode (_will show myself grateful_, with reference to
+1381 ff.), 1708.
+
+freo-dryhten (= frea-dryhten), st. m., _lord, ruler_; according to Grein,
+dominus ingenuus vel nobilis: nom. sg. as voc. freo-drihten min! 1170; dat.
+sg. mid his freo-dryhtne, 2628.
+
+freogan, w. v., _to love; to think of lovingly_: pres. subj. þaet mon his
+wine-dryhten ... ferhethum freoge, 3178; inf. nu ic þec ... me for sunu wylle
+freogan on ferhethe, 949.
+
+freo-lic, adj., _free, free-born_ (here of the lawful wife in contrast with
+the bond concubine): nom. sg. freolic wif, 616; freolicu folc-cwen, 642.
+
+freond, st. m., _friend_: acc. sg. freond, 1386, 1865; dat. pl. freondum,
+916, 1019, 1127; gen. pl. freonda, 1307, 1839.
+
+freond-laethu, st. f., _friendly invitation_: nom. sg. him waes ful boren and
+freond-laethu (_friendly invitation to drink_) wordum bewaegned, 1193.
+
+freond-lar, st. f., _friendly counsel_: dat. (instr.) pl. freond-larum,
+2378.
+
+freond-lice, adv., _in a friendly manner, kindly_: compar. freond-licor,
+1028.
+
+freond-scipe, st. m., _friendship_: acc. sg. freond-scipe faestne, 2070.
+
+freo-wine, st. m. (see freawine), _lord and friend, friendly ruler_;
+according to Grein, amicus nobilis, princeps amicus: nom. sg. as voc.
+freo-wine folca! 430.
+
+fricgean, w. v., _to ask, to inquire into_: inf. ongan sinne geseldan faegre
+fricgean hwylce Sae-Geata siethas waeron, 1986; pres. part, gomela Scilding
+fela fricgende feorran rehte, _the old Scilding, asking many questions_
+(having many things related to him), _told of old times_ (the conversation
+was alternate), 2107.
+
+ge-fricgean, _to learn, to learn by inquiry_: pres. pl. syethethan hie
+ge-fricgeaeth frean userne ealdorleasne, _when they learn that our lord is
+dead_, 3003; pres. subj. gif ic þaet gefricge, þaet..., 1827; pl. syethethan
+aeethelingas feorran gefricgean fleam eowerne, 2890.
+
+friclan (see freca), w. v. w. gen., _to seek, to desire, to strive for_:
+inf. naes þaer mara fyrst freode to friclan, 2557.
+
+frietho-sib, st. f., _kin for the confirming of peace_, designation of the
+queen (see freoetho--webbe), _peace-bringer_: nom. sg. friethu-sibb folca,
+2018.
+
+frignan, fringan, frinan, st. v., _to ask, to inquire_: imp. ne frin þu
+aefter saelum, _ask not after the well-being!_ 1323; inf. ic þaes wine Deniga
+frinan wille ... ymb þinne sieth, 351; pret. sg. fraegn, 236, 332; fraegn gif
+..., _asked whether_ ..., 1320.
+
+ge-frignan, ge-fringan, ge-frinan, _to find out by inquiry, to learn by
+narration._ pret. sg. (w. acc.) þaet fram ham gefraegn Higelaces þegn
+Grendles daeda, 194; no ic gefraegn heardran feohtan, 575; (w. acc. and inf.)
+þa ic wide gefraegn weorc gebannan, 74; similarly, 2485, 2753, 2774; ne
+gefraegen ic þa maegethe maran weorode ymb hyra sincgyfan sel gebaeran, _I never
+heard that any people, richer in warriors, conducted itself better about
+its chief_, 1012; similarly, 1028; pret. pl. (w. acc.) we þeodcyninga þrym
+gefrunon, 2; (w. acc. and inf.) geongne guethcyning godne gefrunon hringas
+daelan, 1970; (parenthetical) swa guman gefrungon, 667, (after þonne)
+medo-aern micel (_greater_) ... þone yldo bearn aefre gefrunon, 70; pret.
+part. haefde Higelaces hilde gefrunen, 2953; haefdon gefrunen þaet..., _had
+learned that_ ..., 695; haefde gefrunen hwanan sio faeheth aras, 2404;
+healsbeaga maest þara þe ic on foldan gefraegen haebbe, 1197.
+
+from, See fram.
+
+frod, adj.: 1) aetate provectus, _old, gray_: nom. sg. frod, 2626, 2951;
+frod cyning, 1307, 2210; frod folces weard, 2514; wintrum frod, 1725, 2115,
+2278; se froda, 2929; ac. sg. frode feorhlege (_the laying down of my old
+life_), 2801; dat. sg. frodan fyrnwitan (may also, from its meaning, belong
+under No. 2), 2124.--2) mente excellentior, _intelligent, experienced,
+wise_: nom. sg. frod, 1367; frod and god, 279; on mode frod, 1845.--Comp.:
+in-, un-frod.
+
+frofor, st. f., _consolation, compensation, help_: nom. sg. frofor, 2942;
+acc. sg. frofre, 7, 974; fyrena frofre, 629; frofre and fultum, 1274;
+frofor and fultum, 699; dat. sg. to frofre, 14, 1708; gen. sg. frofre, 185.
+
+fruma (see forma), w. m., _the foremost_, hence: l) _beginning_: nom. sg.
+waes se fruma egeslic leodum on lande, swa hyt lungre weareth on hyra
+sincgifan sare geendod (_the beginning of the dragon-combat was terrible,
+its end distressing through the death of Beowulf_), 2310.--2) _he who
+stands first, prince_; in comp. daed-, hild-, land-, leod-, ord-, wig-fruma.
+
+frum-cyn, st. n., (genus primitivum), _descent, origin_: acc. sg. nu ic
+eower sceal frumcyn witan, 252.
+
+frum-gar, st. m., primipilus, _duke, prince_: dat. sg. frumgare (of
+Beowulf), 2857.
+
+frum-sceaft, st. f., prima creatio, _beginning_: acc. sg. se þe cuethe
+frumsceaft fira feorran reccan, _who could tell of the beginning of mankind
+in old times_, 91; dat. sg. frum-sceafte, _in the beginning_, i.e at his
+birth, 45.
+
+fugol, st. m., _bird_: dat. sg. fugle gelicost, 218; dat. pl. [fuglum] to
+gamene, 2942.
+
+ful, adj., _full, filled_: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. se waes innan full wraetta
+and wira, 2413.--Comp.: eges-, sorh-, weoreth-ful.
+
+ful, adv., plene, _very_: ful oft, 480; ful-oft, 952.
+
+ful, st. n., _cup, beaker_: nom. sg., 1193; acc. sg. ful, 616, 629, 1026;
+ofer yetha ful, _over the cup of the waves_ (the basin of the sea filled with
+waves), 1209; dat. sg. onfoh þissum fulle, 1170.--Comp.: medo-, sele-full.
+
+fullaestian, w. v. w. dat, _to give help_: pres. sg. ic þe fullaestu, 2669.
+
+fultum, st. m., _help, support, protection_: acc. sg. frofor (frofre) and
+fultum, 699, 1274; maegenes fultum, 1836; on fultum, 2663.--Comp.
+maegen-fultum.
+
+fundian, w. v., _to strive, to have in view_: pres. pl. we fundiaeth Higelac
+secan, 1820; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, 1138.
+
+furethum, adv., primo, _just, exactly; then first_: þa ic furethum weold folce
+Deninga, _then first governed the people of the Danes_ (had just assumed
+the government), 465; þa hie to sele furethum ... gangan cwomon, 323; ic þaer
+furethum cwom to þam hringsele, 2010;--_before, previously_: ic þe sceal mine
+gelaestan freode, swa wit furethum spraecon, 1708.
+
+furethur, adv., _further, forward, more distant_, 254, 762, 3007.
+
+fus, adj., _inclined to, favorable, ready_: nom. sg. nu ic eom siethes fus,
+1476; leofra manna fus, _prepared for the dear men_, i.e. expecting them,
+1917; sigel suethan fus, _the sun inclined from the south_ (midday sun),
+1967; se wonna hrefn fus ofer faegum, _eager over the slain_, 3026; sceft
+... feether-gearwum fus, 3120; nom. pl. waeron ... eft to leodum fuse to
+farenne, 1806.--Sometimes fus means _ready for death_, moribundus: fus and
+faege, 1242.--Comp.: hin-, ut-fus.
+
+fus-lic, adj., _prepared, ready_: acc. sg. fus-lic f[yrd]-leoeth, 1425;
+fyrd-searo fus-lic, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fus-licu, 232.
+
+fyl, st. m., _fall_: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, _the fall of the king_ (in the
+dragon-fight), 2913; dat. sg. þaet he on fylle weareth, _that he came to a
+fall, fell_, 1545.--Comp. hra-fyl.
+
+fylce (collective form from folc), st. n., _troop, band of warriors_: in
+comp. ael-fylce.
+
+ge-fyllan (see feal), w. v., _to fell, to slay in battle_: inf. fane
+gefyllan, _to slay the enemy_, 2656; pret. pl. feond gefyldan, _they had
+slain the enemy_, 2707.
+
+a-fyllan (see ful), w. v., _to fill_: pret. part. Heorot innan waes freondum
+afylled (_was filled with trusted men_), 1019.
+
+fyllo, st. f. (_plenty, abundant meal_: dat. (instr.) sg. fylle gefraegnod,
+1334; gen. sg. naes hie þaere fylle gefean haefdon, 562; fylle gefaegon,
+1015.--Comp.: wael-, wist-fyllo.
+
+fyl-werig, adj., _weary enough to fall, faint to death_, moribundus: acc.
+sg. fyl-werigne, 963.
+
+fyr. See feor.
+
+fyrian, w. v. w. acc. (= ferian) _to bear, to bring, carry_: pret. pl. þa
+þe gif-sceattas Geata fyredon þyder to þance, 378.
+
+fyras. See firas.
+
+fyren. See firen.
+
+fyrde, adj., _movable, that can be moved_.--Comp. hard-fyrde.--Leo.
+
+fyrd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade on an expedition, companion in battle_:
+dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874
+
+fyrd-ham, st. m., _war-dress, coat of mail_: acc. sg. þone fyrd-hom, 1505.
+
+fyrd-hraegl, st. n., _coat of mail, war-dress_: acc. sg. fyrd-hraegl, 1528.
+
+fyrd-hwaet, adj., _sharp, good in war, warlike_: nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
+1642, 2477.
+
+fyrd-leoeth, st. n., _war-song, warlike music_: acc. sg. horn stundum song
+fuslic f[yrd]leoeth, 1425.
+
+fyrd-searu, st. n., _equipment for an expedition_: acc. sg. fyrd-searu
+fuslic, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fuslicu, 232.
+
+fyrd-wyrethe, adj., _of worth in war, excellent in battle_: nom. sg.
+fyrd-wyrethe man (Beowulf), 1317.
+
+ge-fyrethran (see foreth), w. v., _to bring forward, to further_: pret. part.
+ar waes on ofoste, eftsiethes georn, fraetwum gefyrethred, _he was hurried
+forward by the treasure_ (i.e. after he had gathered up the treasure, he
+hasted to return, so as to be able to show it to the mortally-wounded
+Beowulf), 2785.
+
+fyrmest. See forma.
+
+fyrn-dagas, st. m. pl., _by-gone days_: dat. pl. fyrndagum (_in old
+times_), 1452.
+
+fyrn-geweorc, st. n., _work, something done in old times_: acc. sg. fira
+fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in 2283), 2287.
+
+fyrn-gewin, st. n., _combat in ancient times_: gen. sg. or fyrn-gewinnes
+(_the origin of the battles of the giants_), 1690.
+
+fyrn-man, st. m., _man of ancient times_: gen. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, 2762.
+
+fyrn-wita, w. m., _counsellor ever since ancient times, adviser for many
+years_: dat. sg. frodan fyrnwitan, of Aeschere, 2124.
+
+fyrst, st. m., _portion of time, definite time, time_: nom. sg. naes hit
+lengra fyrst, ac ymb ane niht ..., 134; fyrst foreth gewat, _the time_ (of
+going to the harbor) _was past_, 210; naes þaer mara fyrst freode to friclan,
+2556; acc. sg. niht-longne fyrst, 528; fif nihta fyrst, 545; instr. sg. þy
+fyrste, 2574; dat. sg. him on fyrste gelomp ..., _within the fixed time_,
+76.
+
+fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt, st. n., _prying spirit, curiosity_: nom. sg. fyrwyt,
+232; fyrwet, 1986, 2785.
+
+ge-fysan (fus), w. v., _to make ready, to prepare_: part. winde gefysed
+flota, _the ship provided with wind_ (for the voyage), 217; (wyrm) fyre
+gefysed, _provided with fire_, 2310; þa waes hringbogan (of the drake)
+heorte gefysed saecce to seceanne, 2562; with gen., in answer to the
+question, for what? guethe gefysed, _ready for battle, determined to fight_,
+631.
+
+fyr, st. n., _fire_: nom. sg., 1367, 2702, 2882; dat. sg. fyre, 2220; as
+instr. fyre, 2275, 2596; gen. sg. fyres faeethm, 185; fyres feng, 1765.--
+Comp.: ad-, bael-, heaethu-, wael-fyr.
+
+fyr-bend, st. m., _band forged in fire_: dat. pl. duru ... fyr-bendum faest,
+723.
+
+fyr-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon_: nom. sg., 2690.
+
+fyr-heard, adj., _hard through fire, hardened in fire_: nom. pl. (eoforlic)
+fah and fyr-heard, 305.
+
+fyr-leoht, st. n., _fire-light_: acc. sg., 1517.
+
+fyr-wylm, st. m., _wave of fire, flame-wave_: dat. pl. wyrm ... fyrwylmum
+fah, 2672.
+
+
+G
+
+galan, st. v., _to sing, to sound_: pres. sg. sorh-leoeth gaeleeth, 2461; inf.
+gryre-leoeth galan, 787; bearhtm ongeaton, guethhorn galan, _heard the clang,
+the battle-trumpet sound_, 1433.
+
+a-galan, _to sing, to sound_: pret. sg. þaet hire on hafelan hringmael agol
+graedig guethleoeth, _that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound upon
+her head_, 1522.
+
+gamban, or, according to Bout., gambe, w. f., _tribute, interest_: acc. sg.
+gomban gyldan, 11.
+
+gamen, st. n., _social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings_: nom. sg. gamen,
+1161; gomen, 2460; gomen gleobeames, _the pleasure of the harp_, 2264; acc.
+sg. gamen and gleodream, 3022; dat. sg. gamene, 2942; gomene, 1776.--Comp.
+heal-gamen.
+
+gamen-waeth, st. f., _way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
+society_: dat. sg. of gomen-waethe, 855.
+
+gamen-wudu, st. m., _wood of social enjoyment_, i.e. harp: nom. sg. þaer waes
+... gomenwudu greted, 1066; acc. sg. gomenwudu grette, 2109.
+
+gamol, gomol, gomel, adj., _old_; of persons, _having lived many years,
+gray_: gamol, 58, 265; gomol, 3096; gomel, 2113, 2794; se gomela, 1398;
+gamela (gomela) Scylding, 1793, 2106; gomela, 2932; acc. sg. þone gomelan,
+2422; dat. sg. gamelum rince, 1678; gomelum ceorle, 2445; þam gomelan,
+2818; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele, 1596.--Also, _late, belonging to former
+time_: gen. pl. gomelra lafe (_legacy_), 2037.--Of things, _old, from old
+times_: nom. sg. sweord ... gomol, 2683; acc. sg. gomele lafe, 2564; gomel
+swyrd, 2611; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.
+
+gamol-feax, adj., _with gray hair_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gang, st. m.: 1) _gait, way_: dat. sg. on gange, 1885; gen. sg. ic hine ne
+mihte ... ganges ge-twaeman, _could not keep him from going_, 969.--2)
+_step, foot-step_: nom. sg. gang (the foot-print of the mother of Grendel),
+1405; acc. sg. uton hraethe feran Grendles magan gang sceawigan, 1392.--Comp.
+in-gang.
+
+be-gang, bi-gang, st. m., (_so far as something goes_), _extent_: acc. sg.
+ofer geofenes begang, _over the extent of the sea_, 362; ofer floda begang,
+1827; under swegles begong, 861, 1774; floda begong, 1498; sioleetha bigong,
+2368.
+
+gangan. See under gan.
+
+ganot, st. m., _diver_, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes baeeth (i.e. the
+sea), 1862.
+
+gad, st. n., _lack_: nom. sg. ne bieth þe wilna gad (_thou shalt have no lack
+of desirable_ [valuable] _things_), 661; similarly, 950.
+
+gan, _expanded =_ gangan, st. v., _to go_: pres. sg. III. gaeeth a Wyrd swa
+hio scel, 455; gaeeth eft ... to medo, 605; þonne he ... on flett gaeeth, 2035;
+similarly, 2055; pres. subj. III. sg. ga þaer he wille, _let him go whither
+he will_, 1395; imp. sg. II. ga nu to setle, 1783; nu þu lungre geong, hord
+sceawian, under harne stan, 2744; inf. in gan, _to go in_, 386, 1645 'foreth
+gan, _to go forth, to go thither_, 1164; þat hie him to mihton gegnum
+gangan, _to go towards, to go to_, 314; to sele ... gangan cwomon, 324; in
+a similar construction, gongan, 1643; nu ge moton gangan ... Hroethgar
+geseon, 395; þa com of more ... Grendel gongan, _there came Grendel (going)
+from the fen_, 712; ongean gramum gangan, _to go to meet the enemy, to go
+to the war_, 1035; cwom ... to hofe gongan, 1975; wutun gangan to, _let us
+go thither_, 2649.--As preterite, serve, 1) geong or giong: he to healle
+geong, 926; similarly, 2019; se þe on orde geong, _who went at the head,
+went in front, _3126; on innan giong, _went in_, 2215; he ... giong to þaes
+þe he eorethsele anne wisse, _went thither, where he knew of that earth-hall,
+_2410; þa se aeetheling, giong, þaet he bi wealle gesaet, _then went the prince_
+(Beowulf) _that he might sit down by the wall_, 2716.--2) gang: to healle
+gang Healfdenes sunu, 1010; similarly, 1296; gang þa aefter flore, _went
+along the floor, along the hall_, 1317.--3) gengde (Goth. gaggida): he ...
+beforan gengde ..., wong sceawian, _went in front to inspect the fields_,
+1413; gengde, also of riding, 1402.--4) from another stem, eode (Goth.
+iddja): eode ellenrof, þaet he for eaxlum gestod Deniga frean, 358;
+similarly, 403; [wieth duru healle Wulfgar eode], _went towards the door of
+the hall_, 390; eode Wealhþeow foreth, _went forth_, 613; eode to hire frean
+sittan, 641; eode yrremod, _went with angry feeling_, 727; eode ... to
+sele, 919; similarly, 1233; eode ... þaer se snottra bad, 1313; eode weoreth
+Denum aeetheling to yppan, _the prince_ (Beowulf), _honored by the Danes, went
+to the high seat_, 1815; eode ... under inwit-hrof, 3124; pl. þaer
+swiethferhethe sittan eodon, 493; eodon him þa togeanes, _went to meet him_,
+1627; eodon under Earna naes, 3032.
+
+a-gangan, _to go out, to go forth, to befall_: pret. part. swa bit agangen
+weareth eorla manegum (_as it befell many a one of the earls_), 1235.
+
+full-gangan, _to emulate, to follow after_: pret. sg. þonne ... sceft nytte
+heold, feether-gearwum fus flane full-eode, _when the shaft had employment,
+furnished with feathers it followed the arrow, did as the arrow_, 3120.
+
+ge-gan, ge-gangan: 1) _to go, to approach_: inf. (w. acc.) his modor ...
+gegan wolde sorhfulne sieth, 1278; se þe gryre-siethas gegan dorste, _who dared
+to go the ways of terror_ (to go into the combat), 1463; pret. sg. se maga
+geonga under his maeges scyld elne geeode, _went quickly under his kinsman's
+shield_, 2677; pl. elne geeodon to þaes þe ..., _went quickly thither where_
+..., 1968; pret. part. syethethan hie to-gaedre gegan haefdon, _when they_
+(Wiglaf and the drake) _had come together_, 2631; þaet his aldres waes ende
+gegongen, _that the end of his life had come_, 823; þa waes endedaeg godum
+gegongen, þaet se guethcyning ... swealt, 3037.--2) _to obtain, to reach_:
+inf. (w. acc.) þonne he aet guethe gegan þenceeth longsumne lof, 1536; ic mid
+elne sceall gold gegangan, 2537; gerund, naes þaet yethe ceap to gegangenne
+gumena aenigum, 2417; pret. pl. elne geeodon ... þaet se byrnwiga bugan
+sceolde, 2918; pret. part. haefde ... gegongen þaet, _had attained it, that_
+..., 894; hord ys gesceawod, grimme gegongen, 3086.--3) _to occur, to
+happen_: pres. sg. III. gif þaet gegangeeth þaet ..., _if that happen, that_
+..., 1847; pret. sg. þaet geiode ufaran dogrum hilde-hlaemmum, _it happened
+in later times to the warriors_ (the Geatas), 2201; pret. part. þa waes
+gegongen guman unfrodum earfoethlice þaet, _then it had happened to the young
+man in sorrowful wise that_ ..., 2822.
+
+oeth-gangan, _to-go thither_: pret. pl. oeth þaet hi oetheodon ... in Hrefnesholt,
+2935.
+
+ofer-gangan, w. acc., _to go over_: pret. sg. ofereode þa aeethelinga bearn
+steap stan-hlietho, _went over steep, rocky precipices_, 1409; pl.
+freoetho-wong þone foreth ofereodon, 2960.
+
+ymb-gangan, w. acc., _to go around_: pret. ymb-eode þa ides Helminga duguethe
+and geogoethe dael aeghwylcne, _went around in every part, among the superior
+and the inferior warriors_, 621.
+
+gar, st. m., _spear, javelin, missile_: nom. sg., 1847, 3022; instr. sg.
+gare, 1076; blodigan gare, 2441; gen. sg. gares fliht, 1766; nom. pl.
+garas, 328; gen. pl., 161(?).--Comp.: bon-, frum-gar.
+
+gar-cene, adj., _spear-bold_: nom. sg., 1959.
+
+gar-cwealm, st. m., _murder, death by the spear_: acc. sg. gar-cwealm
+gumena, 2044.
+
+gar-holt, st. n., _forest of spears_, i.e. crowd of spears: acc. sg., 1835.
+
+gar-secg, st. m. (cf. Grimm, in Haupt l. 578), _sea, ocean_: acc. sg. on
+gar-secg, 49, 537; ofer gar-secg, 515.
+
+gar-wiga, w. m., _one who fights with the spear_: dat. sg. geongum
+gar-wigan, of Wiglaf, 2675, 2812.
+
+gar-wigend, pres. part., _fighting with spear, spear-fighter_: acc. pl.
+gar-wigend, 2642.
+
+gast, gaest, st. m., _ghost, demon_: acc. sg. helle gast (Grendel), 1275;
+gen. sg. wergan gastes (of Grendel), 133; (of the tempter), 1748; gen. pl.
+dyrnra gasta (Grendel's race), 1358; gaesta gifrost (_flames consuming
+corpses_), 1124.--Comp.: ellor-, geo-sceaft-gast; ellen-, wael-gaest.
+
+gast-bana, w. m., _slayer of the spirit_, i.e. the devil: nom. sg.
+gast-bona, 177.
+
+gaedeling, st. m., _he who is connected with another, relation, companion_:
+gen. sg. gaedelinges, 2618; dat. pl. mid his gaedelingum, 2950.
+
+aet-gaedere, adv., _together, united_: 321, 1165, 1191; samod aetgaedere, 329,
+387, 730, 1064.
+
+to-gadere, adv., _together_, 2631.
+
+gaest, gist, gyst, st. m., _stranger, guest_: nom. sg. gaest, 1801; se gaest
+(the drake), 2313; se grimma gaest (Grendel), 102; gist, 1139, 1523; acc.
+sg. gryre-licne gist (the nixy slain by Beowulf), 1442; dat. sg. gyste,
+2229; nom. pl. gistas, 1603; acc. pl. gaes[tas], 1894.--Comp.: feethe-,
+gryre-, inwit-, nieth-, sele-gaest (-gyst).
+
+gaest-sele, st. m., _hall in which the guests spend their time, guest-hall_:
+acc. sg., 995.
+
+ge, conj., _and_, 1341; ge ... ge ..., _as well ... as ..._, 1865; ge ...
+ge ..., ge ..., 1249; ge swylce, _and likewise, and moreover_, 2259.
+
+ge, pron., _ye, you_, plur. of þu, 237, 245, etc.
+
+gegn-cwide, st. m., _reply_: gen. pl. þinra gegn-cwida, 367.
+
+gegnum, adv., _thither, towards, away_, with the prep, to, ofer, giving the
+direction: þaet hie him to mihton gegnum gangan (_that they might go
+thither_), 314; gegnum for [þa] ofer myrcan mor, _away over the dark moor_,
+1405.
+
+gehethu, geohethu, st. f., _sorrow, care_: instr. sg. giohetho maende, 2268; dat.
+sg. on gehetho, 3096; on giohethe, 2794.
+
+gen (from gegn), adv., _yet, again_. ne waes hit lenge þa gen, þaet ..., _it
+was not then long before_ ..., 83; ic sceal foreth sprecan gen ymb Grendel,
+_shall from now on speak again of Grendel_, 2071; no þy aer ut þa gen ...
+gongan wolde (_still he would not yet go out_), 2082; gen is eall aet þe
+lissa gelong (_yet all my favor belongs to thee_), 2150; þa gen, _then
+again_, 2678, 2703; swa he nu gen deeth, _as he still does_, 2860; furethur
+gen, _further still, besides_, 3007; nu gen, _now again_, 3169; ne gen, _no
+more, no farther_: ne waes þaet wyrd þa gen, _that was no more fate_ (fate no
+longer willed that), 735.
+
+gena, _still_: cwico waes þa gena, _was still living_, 3094.
+
+genga, w. m., _goer_; in comp. in-, sae-, sceadu-genga.
+
+gengde. See gan(3).
+
+genge. See ueth-genge.
+
+genunga (from gegnunga), adv., _precisely, completely_, 2872.
+
+gerwan, gyrwan, w. v.: 1) _to prepare, to make ready, to put in condition_:
+pret. pl. gestsele gyredon, 995.--2) _to equip, to arm for battle_: pret.
+sg. gyrede hine Beowulf eorl-gewaedum (_dressed himself in the armor_),
+1442.
+
+ge-gyrwan: 1) _to make, to prepare_: pret. pl. him þa gegiredan Geata leode
+ad ... unwaclicne, 3138; pret. part. glof ... eall gegyrwed deofles craeftum
+and dracan fellum, 2088.--2) _to fit out, to make ready_: inf. ceol
+gegyrwan hilde-waepnum and heaethowaedum, 38; het him yethlidan godne gegyrwan,
+_had (his) good ship fitted up for him_, 199. Also, _to provide warlike
+equipment_: pret. part. syethethan he hine to guethe gegyred haefde, 1473.--3) _to
+endow, to provide, to adorn_: pret. part. nom. sg. beado-hraegl ... golde
+gegyrwed, 553; acc. sg. lafe ... golde gegyrede, 2193; acc. pl. madmas ...
+golde gegyrede, 1029.
+
+getan, w. v., _to injure, to slay_: inf., 2941.
+
+be-gete, adj., _attainable_; in comp. eeth-begete.
+
+geador, adv., _unitedly, together, jointly_, 836; geador aetsomne, 491.
+
+on-geador, adv., _unitedly, together_, 1596.
+
+gealdor, st. n.: 1) _sound_: acc. sg. byman gealdor, 2944.--2) _magic song,
+incantation, spell_: instr. sg. þonne waes þaet yrfe ... galdre bewunden
+(_placed under a spell_), 3053.
+
+gealga, w. m., _gallows_: dat. sg. þaet his byre ride giong on galgan, 2447.
+
+gealg-mod, adj., _gloomy_: nom. sg. gifre and galgmod, 1278.
+
+gealg-treow, st. n., _gallows_: dat. pl. on galg-treowu[m], 2941.
+
+geard, st. m., _residence_; in Beowulf corresponding to the house-complex
+of a prince's residence, used only in the plur.: acc. in geardas (_in
+Finn's castle_), 1135; dat. in geardum, 13, 2460; of geardum, 1139; aer he
+on weg hwurfe ... of geardum, _before he went away from his
+dwelling-place_, i.e. died, 265.--Comp. middan-geard.
+
+gearo, adj., properly, _made, prepared_; hence, _ready, finished,
+equipped_: nom. sg. þaet hit weareth eal gearo, heal-aerna maest, 77; wiht
+unhaelo ... gearo sona waes, _the demon of destruction was quickly ready, did
+not delay long_, 121; Here-Scyldinga betst beadorinca waes on bael gearu,
+_was ready for the funeral-pile_ (for the solemn burning), 1110; þeod (is)
+eal gearo, _the warriors are altogether ready, always prepared_, 1231;
+hraethe waes aet holme hyeth-weard gearo (geara, MS.), 1915; gearo gueth-freca,
+2415; sie sio baer gearo aedre geaefned, _let the bier be made ready at once_,
+3106. With gen.: gearo gyrnwraece, _ready for revenge for harm done_, 2119,
+acc. sg. gearwe stowe, 1007; nom. pl. beornas gearwe, 211; similarly, 1814.
+
+gearwe, gearo, geare, adv., _completely, entirely_: ne ge ... gearwe ne
+wisson, _you do not know at all_ ..., 246; similarly, 879; hine gearwe
+geman witena welhwyle (_remembers him very well_), 265; wisse he gearwe þaet
+..., _he knew very well that_ ..., 2340, 2726; þaet ic ... gearo sceawige
+swegle searogimmas (_that I may see the treasures altogether, as many as
+they are_), 2749; ic wat geare þaet ..., 2657.--Comp. gearwor, _more
+readily, rather_, 3077.--Superl. gearwost, 716.
+
+gearo-folm, adj., _with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+gearwe, st. f., _equipment, dress_; in comp. feether-gearwe.
+
+geat, st. n., _opening, door_; in comp. ben-, hilde-geat.
+
+geato-lic, adj., _well prepared, handsome, splendid_: of sword and armor,
+215, 1563, 2155; of Heorot, 308. Adv.: wisa fengel geatolic gengde, _passed
+on in a stately manner_, 1402.
+
+geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment, adornment_: acc. recedes geatwa, _the
+ornaments of the dragon's cave_ (its treasures), 3089.--Comp.: eored-,
+gryre-, gueth-, hilde-, wig-geatwe.
+
+gean (from gegn), adv. in
+
+on-gean, adv. and prep., _against, towards_: þaet he me ongean slea, 682;
+raehte ongean feond mid folme, 748; foran ongean, _forward towards_, 2365.
+With dat.: ongean gramum, _against the enemy_, 1035.
+
+to-geanes, to-genes, prep, _against, towards_: Grendle togeanes, _towards
+Grendel, against Grendel_, 667; grap þa togeanes, _she grasped at_
+(Beowulf), 1502; similarly, him togeanes feng, 1543; eodon him þa togeanes,
+_went towards him_, 1627; het þa gebeodan ... þaet hie bael-wudu feorran
+feredon godum togenes, _had it ordered that they should bring the wood from
+far for the funeral-pyre towards the good man_ (i.e. to the place where the
+dead Beowulf lay), 3115.
+
+geap, adj., _roomy, extensive, wide_: nom. sg. reced ... geap, _the roomy
+hall_, 1801; acc. sg. under geapne hrof, 837.--Comp.: horn-, sae-geap.
+
+gear, st. n., _year_: nom. sg., 1135; gen. pl. geara, in adverbial sense,
+olim, _in former times_, 2665. See un-geara.
+
+gear-dagas, st. m. pl., _former days_: dat. pl. in (on) gear-dagum, 1,
+1355.
+
+geofe. See gifu.
+
+geofon, gifen, gyfen (see Kuhn Zeitschr. I. 137), st. n., _sea, flood_:
+nom. sg. geofon, 515; gifen geotende, _the streaming flood_, 1691; gen. sg.
+geofenes begang, 362; gyfenes, 1395.
+
+geogoeth, st. f.: 1) _youth, time of youth_: dat. sg. on geogoethe, 409, 466,
+2513; on giogoethe, 2427; gen. gioguethe, 2113.--2) contrasted with dugueth, _the
+younger warriors of lower rank_ (about as in the Middle Ages, the squires
+with the knights): nom. sg. geogoeth, 66; giogoeth, 1191; acc. sg. geogoethe,
+1182; gen. duguethe and geogoethe, 160; duguethe and iogoethe (geogoethe), 1675, 622.
+
+geogueth-feorh, st. n., _age of youth_, i.e. age in which one still belongs
+in the ranks of the geogoeth: on geogoeth- (geogueth-) feore, 537, 2665.
+
+geohetho. See gehetho.
+
+geolo, adj., _yellow_: acc. sg. geolwe linde (_the shield of yellow linden
+bark_), 2611.
+
+geolo-rand, st. m., _yellow shield_ (shield with a covering of interlaced
+yellow linden bark): acc. sg., 438.
+
+geond, prep. w. acc., _through, throughout, along, over_: geond þisne
+middangeard, _through the earth, over the earth_, 75; wide geond eorethan,
+266, 3100; ferdon folctogan ... geond wid-wegas, _went along the ways
+coming from afar_, 841; similarly, 1705; geond þaet saeld, _through the hall,
+through the extent of the hall_, 1281; similarly, 1982, 2265.
+
+geong, adj., _young, youthful_: nom. sg., 13, 20, 855, etc.; giong, 2447;
+w. m. se maga geonga, 2676; acc. sg. geongne guethcyning, 1970; dat. sg.
+geongum, 1949, 2045, 2675, etc.; on swa geongum feore, _at a so youthful
+age_, 1844; geongan cempan, 2627; acc. pl. geonge, 2019; dat. pl. geongum
+and ealdum, 72.--Superl. gingest, _the last_: nom. sg. w. f. gingeste word,
+2818.
+
+georn, adj., _striving, eager_, w. gen. of the thing striven for: eft siethes
+georn, 2784.--Comp. lof-georn.
+
+georne, adv., _readily, willingly_: þaet him wine-magas georne hyrdon, 66;
+georne truwode, 670.--_zealously, eagerly_: sohte georne aefter grunde,
+_eagerly searched over the ground_, 2295.--_carefully, industriously_: no
+ic him þaes georne aetfealh (_held him not fast enough_), 969.--_completely,
+exactly_: comp. wiste þe geornor, 822.
+
+geo, iu, adv., _once, formerly, earlier_, 1477; gio, 2522; iu, 2460.
+
+geoc, st. f., _help, support_: acc. sg. geoce gefremman, 2675; þaet him
+gast-bona geoce gefremede wieth þeod-þreaum, 177; geoce gelyfde, _believed in
+the help_ (of Beowulf), 609; dat. sg. to geoce, 1835.
+
+geocor, adj., _ill, bad_: nom. sg., 766.--See Haupt's Zeitschrift 8, p. 7.
+
+geo-man, iu-man, st. m., _man of former times_: gen. pl. iu-manna, 3053.
+
+geo-meowle, w. f., (_formerly a virgin), wife_: acc. sg. io-meowlan, 2932.
+
+geomor, adj., _with depressed feelings, sad, troubled_: nom. sg. him waes
+geomor sefa, 49, 2420, 2633, 2951; modes geomor, 2101; fem. þaet waes geomuru
+ides, 1076.
+
+geomore, adv., _sadly_, 151.
+
+geomor-gid, st. n., _dirge_: acc. sg. giomor-gyd, 3151.
+
+geomor-lic, adj., _sad, painful_: swa bieth geomorlic gomelum ceorle to
+gebidanne þaet..., _it is painful to an old man to experience it, that ..._,
+2445.
+
+geomor-mod, adj., _sad, sorrowful_: nom. sg., 2045, 3019; giomor-mod, 2268.
+
+geomrian, w. v., _to complain, to lament_: pret. sg. geomrode giddum, 1119.
+
+geo-sceaft, st. f., (_fixed in past times), fate_: acc. sg. geosceaft
+grimme, 1235.
+
+geosceaft-gast, st. m., _demon sent by fate_: gen. pl. fela
+geosceaft-gasta, of Grendel and his race, 1267.
+
+geotan, st. v. intrans., _to pour, to flow, to stream_: pres. part. gifen
+geotende, 1691.
+
+gicel, st. m., _icicle_: in comp. hilde-gicel.
+
+gid, gyd, st. n., _speech, solemn alliterative song_: nom. sg. þaer waes ...
+gid oft wrecen, 1066; leoeth waes asungen, gleomannes gyd, _the song was sung,
+the gleeman's lay_, 1161; þaer waes gidd and gleo, 2106; acc. sg. ic þis gid
+awraec, 1724; gyd awraec, 2109; gyd aefter wraec, 2155; þonne he gyd wrece,
+2447; dat. pl. giddum, 151, 1119; gen. pl. gidda gemyndig, 869.--Comp.:
+geomor-, word-gid.
+
+giddian, w. v., _to speak, to speak in alliteration_: pret. gyddode, 631.
+
+gif, conj.: 1) _if_, w. ind., 442, 447, 527, 662, etc.; gyf, 945, etc. With
+subj., 452, 594, 1482, etc.; gyf, 280, 1105, etc.--2) _whether_, w. ind.,
+272; w. subj., 1141, 1320.
+
+gifa, geofa, w. m., _giver_; in comp. gold-, sinc-, wil-gifa (-geofa).
+
+gifan, st. v., _to give_: inf. giofan, 2973; pret. sg. nallas beagas geaf
+Denum, 1720; he me [maethmas] geaf, 2147; and similarly, 2174, 2432, 2624,
+etc.; pret. pl. geafon (hyne) on garsecg, 49; pret. part. þa waes Hroethgare
+here-sped gyfen, 64; þa waes gylden hilt gamelum rince ... on hand gyfen,
+1679; syethethan aerest weareth gyfen ... geongum cempan (_given in marriage_),
+1949.
+
+a-gifan, _to give, to impart_: inf. andsware ... agifan, _to give an
+answer_, 355; pret. sg. sona him se froda faeder Ohtheres ... ondslyht ageaf
+(_gave him a counter-blow_), (_hand-blow_?), 2930.
+
+for-gyfan, _to give, to grant_: pret. sg. him þaes lif-frea ... worold-are
+forgeaf, 17; þaem to ham forgeaf Hreethel Geata angan dohtor (_gave in
+marriage_), 374; similarly, 2998; he me lond forgeaf, _granted me land_,
+2493; similarly, 697, 1021, 2607, 2617; maegen-raes forgeaf hilde-bille, _he
+gave with his battle-sword a mighty blow_, i.e. he struck with full force,
+1520.
+
+of-gifan, (_to give up_), _to leave_: inf. þaet se maera maga Ecgþeowes
+grund-wong þone ofgyfan wolde (_was fated to leave the earth-plain_), 2589;
+pret. sg. þas worold ofgeaf gromheort guma, 1682; similarly, gumdream
+ofgeaf, 2470; Dena land ofgeaf, 1905; pret. pl. naes ofgeafon hwate
+Scyldingas, _left the promontory_, 1601; þaet þa hildlatan holt ofgefan,
+_that the cowards left the wood_ (into which they had fled), 2847; sg.
+pret. for pl. þara þe þis [lif] ofgeaf, 2252.
+
+gifeethe, adj., _given, granted_: Guethfremmendra swylcum gifeethe bieth þaet...,
+_to such a warrior is it granted that_..., 299; similarly, 2682; swa me
+gifeethe waes, 2492; þaer me gifeethe swa aenig yrfeweard aefter wurde, _if an
+heir_, (living) _after me, had been given me_, 2731.--Neut. as subst.: waes
+þaet gifeethe to swieth, þe þone [þeoden] þyder ontyhte, _the fate was too harsh
+that has drawn hither the king_, 3086; gyfeethe, 555, 820.--Comp. un-gifeethe.
+
+gif-heal, st. f., _hall in which fiefs were bestowed, throne-hall_: acc.
+sg. ymb þa gifhealle, 839.
+
+gif-sceat, st. m., _gift of value_: acc. pl. gif-sceattas, 378.
+
+gif-stol, st. m., _seat from which fiefs are granted, throne_: nom. sg.,
+2328; acc. sg., 168.
+
+gift, st. f., _gift, present_: in comp. feoh-gift.
+
+gifu, geofu, st. f., _gift, present, grant; fief_: nom. sg. gifu, 1885 acc.
+sg. gimfaeste gife þe him god sealde, _the great gift that God had granted
+him_ (i.e. the enormous strength), 1272; ginfaestan gife þe him god sealde,
+2183; dat. pl. (as instr.) geofum, 1959; gen. pl. gifa, 1931; geofena,
+1174.--Comp.: maethethum-, sinc-gifu.
+
+gigant, st. m., _giant_: nom. pl. gigantas, 113; gen. pl. giganta, 1563,
+1691.
+
+gild, gyld, st. n., _reparation_: in comp. wiether-gyld(?).
+
+gildan, gyldan, st. v., _to do something in return, to repay, to reward, to
+pay_: inf. gomban gyldan, _pay tribute_, 11; he mid gode gyldan wille
+uncran eaferan, 1185; we him þa guethgeatwa gyldan woldon, 2637; pret. sg.
+heaethoraesas geald mearum and maethmum, _repaid the battles with horses and
+treasures_, 1048; similarly, 2492; geald þone guethraes ... Jofore and Wulfe
+mid ofermaethmum, _repaid Eofor and Wulf the battle with exceedingly great
+treasures_, 2992.
+
+an-gildan, _to pay for_: pret. sg. sum sare angeald aefenraeste, _one_
+(Aeschere) _paid for the evening-rest with death's pain_, 1252.
+
+a-gildan, _to offer one's self_: pret. sg. þa me sael ageald, _when the
+favorable opportunity offered itself_, 1666; similarly, þa him rum ageald,
+2691.
+
+for-gildan, _to repay, to do something in return, to reward_: pres. subj.
+sg. III. alwalda þec gode forgylde, _may the ruler of all reward thee with
+good_, 957; inf. þone aenne heht golde forgyldan, _he ordered that the one_
+(killed by Grendel) _be paid for_ (atoned for) _with gold_, 1055; he ...
+wolde Grendle for-gyldan guethraesa fela, _wished to pay Grendel for many
+attacks_, 1578; wolde se laetha lige forgyldan drinc-faet dyre, _the enemy
+wished to repay with fire the costly drinking vessel_ (the theft of it),
+2306; pret. sg. he him þaes lean forgeald, _he gave them the reward
+therefore_, 114; similarly, 1542, 1585, 2095; forgeald hraethe wyrsan wrixle
+waelhlem þone, _repaid the murderous blow with a worse exchange_, 2969.
+
+gilp, gylp, st. m., _speech in which one promises great things for himself
+in a coming combat, defiant speech, boasting speech_: acc. sg. haefde ...
+Geat-mecga leod gilp gelaested (_had fulfilled what he had claimed for
+himself before the battle_), 830; nallas on gylp seleeth faette beagas, _gives
+no chased gold rings for a boastful speech_, 1750; þaet ic wieth þone
+guethflogan gylp ofersitte, _restrain myself from the speech of defiance_,
+2529; dat. sg. gylpe wiethgripan (_fulfil my promise of battle_),
+2522.--Comp. dol-gilp.
+
+gilpan, gylpan, st. v. w. gen., acc., and dat., _to make a defiant speech,
+to boast, to exult insolently_: pres. sg. I. no ic þaes gilpe (after a break
+in the text), 587; sg. III. morethres gylpeeth, _boasts of the murder_, 2056;
+inf. swa ne gylpan þearf Grendles maga aenig ... uhthlem þone, 2007; nealles
+folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte, _had no need to boast of his
+fellow-warrior_, 2875; pret. sg. hreethsigora ne gealp goldwine Geata, _did
+not exult at the glorious victory_ (could not gain the victory over the
+drake), 2584.
+
+gilp-cwide, st. m., _speech in which a man promises much for himself for a
+coming combat, speech of defiance_: nom. sg., 641.
+
+gilp-hlaeden, pret. part., _laden with boasts of defiance_ (i.e. he who has
+made many such boasts, and consequently has been victorious in many
+combats), _covered with glory_: nom. sg. guma gilp-hlaeden, 869.
+
+gilp-spraec, same as gilp-cwide, _speech of defiance, boastful speech_: dat.
+sg. on gylp-spraece, 982.
+
+gilp-word, st. n., _defiant word before the coming combat, vaunting word_:
+gen. pl. gespraec ... gylp-worda sum, 676.
+
+gim, st. m., _gem, precious stone, jewel_: nom. sg. heofones gim, _heaven's
+jewel_, i.e. the sun, 2073. Comp. searo-gim.
+
+gimme-rice, adj., _rich in jewels_: acc. sg. gimme-rice hord-burh haeleetha,
+466.
+
+gin (according to Bout., ginne), adj., properly _gaping_, hence, _wide,
+extended_: acc. sg. gynne grund (_the bottom of the sea_), 1552.
+
+gin-faest, adj., _extensive, rich_: acc. sg. gim-faeste gife (gim-, on
+account of the following _f_), 1272; in weak form, gin-faestan gife, 2183.
+
+ginnan, st. v., original meaning, _to be open, ready_; in
+
+on-ginnan, _to begin, to undertake_: pret. oeth þaet an ongan fyrene fremman
+feond on helle, 100; secg eft ongan sieth Beowulfes snyttrum styrian, 872; þa
+þaet sweord ongan ... wanian, _the sword began to diminish_, 1606; Higelac
+ongan sinne geseldan ... faegre fricgean, _began with propriety to question
+his companion_, 1984, etc.; ongon, 2791; pret. pl. no her cuethlicor cuman
+ongunnon lindhaebbende, _no shield-bearing men e'er undertook more openly to
+come hither_, 244; pret. part. haebbe ic maeretha fela ongunnen on geogoethe,
+_have in my youth undertaken many deeds of renown_, 409.
+
+gist. See gaest.
+
+gistran, adv., _yesterday_: gystran niht, _yesterday night_, 1335.
+
+git, pron., _ye two_, dual of þu, 508, 512, 513, etc.
+
+git, gyt, adv., _yet; then still_, 536, 1128, 1165, 2142; _hitherto_, 957;
+naefre git, _never yet_, 583; _still_, 945, 1059, 1135; _once more_, 2513;
+_moreover_, 47, 1051, 1867.
+
+gitan (original meaning, _to take hold of, to seize, to attain_), in
+
+be-gitan, w. acc., _to grasp, to seize, to reach_: pret. sg. begeat, 1147,
+2231; þa hine wig beget, _when war seized him, came upon him_, 2873;
+similarly, begeat, 1069; pret. pl. hit aer on þe gode be-geaton, _good men
+received it formerly from thee_, 2250; subj. sg. for pl. þaet waes Hroethgare
+hreowa tornost þara þe leodfruman lange begeate, _the bitterest of the
+troubles that for a long time had befallen the people's chief_, 2131.
+
+for-gitan, w. acc., _to forget_: pres. sg. III. he þa forethgesceaft forgyteeth
+and forgymeeth, 1752.
+
+an-gitan, on-gitan, w. acc.: 1) _to take hold of, to grasp_: imp. sg.
+gumcyste ongit, _lay hold of manly virtue, of what becomes the man_, 1724;
+pret. sg. þe hine se broga angeat, _whom terror seized_, 1292.--2) _to
+grasp intellectually, to comprehend, to perceive, to distinguish, to
+behold_: pres. subj. I. þaet ic aerwelan ... ongite, _that I may behold the
+ancient wealth_ (the treasures of the drake's cave), 2749; inf. sael timbred
+... ongytan, 308, 1497; Geata clifu ongitan, 1912; pret. sg. fyren-þearfe
+ongeat, _had perceived their distress from hostile snares_, 14; ongeat ...
+grund-wyrgenne, _beheld the she-wolf of the bottom_, 1519; pret. pl.
+bearhtm ongeaton, guethhorn galan, _perceived the noise_, (heard) _the
+battle-trumpet sound_, 1432; syethethan hie Hygelaces horn and byman gealdor
+ongeaton, 2945.
+
+gifre, adj., _greedy, eager_: nom. sg. gifre and galgmod, of Grendel's
+mother, 1278.--Superl.: lig..., gaesta gifrost, 1124.--Comp. heoro-gifre.
+
+gitsian, w. v., _to be greedy_: pres. sg. III. gytsaeth, 1750.
+
+gio-, gio-. See geo-, geo-.
+
+gladian, w. v., _to gleam, to shimmer_: pres. pl. III. on him gladiaeth
+gomelra lafe, _upon him gleams the legacy of the men of ancient times_
+(armor), 2037.
+
+glaed, adj., _gracious, friendly_ (as a form of address for princes): nom.
+sg. beo wieth Geatas glaed, 1174; acc. sg. glaedne Hroethgar, 864; glaedne
+Hroethulf, 1182; dat. sg. gladum suna Frodan, 2026.
+
+glaede, adv., _in a gracious, friendly way_, 58.
+
+glaednian, w. v., _to rejoice_: inf. w. gen., 367.
+
+glaed-mod, adj., _joyous, glad_, 1786.
+
+gled, st. f., _fire, flame_: nom. sg., 2653, 3115; dat. (instr.) pl.
+gledum, 2313, 2336, 2678, 3042.
+
+gled-egesa, w. m., _terror on account of fire, fire-terror_: nom. sg.
+gled-egesa grim (_the fire-spewing of the drake_), 2651.
+
+gleaw (Goth, glaggwu-s), adj., _considerate, well-bred_, of social conduct;
+in comp. un-gleaw.
+
+gleo, st. n., _social entertainment_, (especially by music, play, and
+jest): nom. sg. þaer waes gidd and gleo, 2106.
+
+gleo-beam, st. m., _(tree of social entertainment, of music), harp._ gen.
+sg. gleo-beames, 2264.
+
+gleo-dream, st. _m., joyous carrying-on in social entertainment, mirth,
+social gaiety_: acc. sg. gamen and gleo-dream, 3022.
+
+gleo-man, m., _(gleeman, who enlivens the social entertainment, especially
+with music), harper_: gen. sg. gleomannes gyd, 1161.
+
+glitinian (O.H.G. glizinon), w. v., _to gleam, to light, to glitter_: inf.
+geseah þa ... gold glitinian, 2759.
+
+glidan, st. v., _to glide_: pret. sg. syethethan heofones gim glad ofer
+grundas, _after heaven's gem had glided over the fields_ (after the sun had
+set), 2074; pret. pl. glidon ofer garsecg, _you glided over the ocean_
+(swimming), 515.
+
+to-glidan _(to glide asunder), to separate, to fall asunder_: pret.
+gueth-helm to-glad (Ongenþeow's helmet was split asunder by the blow of
+Eofor), 2488.
+
+glof, st. f., _glove_: nom. sg. glof hangode, (on Grendel) _a glove hung_,
+2086.
+
+gneaeth, adj., _niggardly_: nom. sg. f. naes hio ... to gneaeth gifa Geata
+leodum, _was not too niggardly with gifts to the people of the Geatas_,
+1931.
+
+gnorn, st. m., _sorrow, sadness_: acc. sg. gnorn þrowian, 2659.
+
+gnornian, w. v., _to be sad, to complain_: pret. sg. earme ... ides
+gnornode, 1118.
+
+be-gnornian, w. acc., _to bemoan, to mourn for_: pret. pl. begnornodon ...
+hlafordes [hry]re, _bemoaned their lord's fall_, 3180.
+
+god, st. m., _god_: nom. sg., 13, 72, 478, etc.; halig god, 381, 1554;
+witig god, 686; mihtig god, 702; acc. sg. god, 812; ne wiston hie drihten
+god, _did not know the Lord God_, 181; dat. sg. gode, 113, 227, 626, etc.;
+gen. sg. godes, 570, 712, 787, etc.
+
+gold, st. n., _gold_: nom. sg., 3013, 3053; icge gold, 1108; wunden gold,
+_wound gold, gold in ring-form_, 1194, 3136; acc. sg. gold, 2537, 2759,
+2794, 3169; haeethen gold, _heathen gold_ (that from the drake's cave), 2277;
+brad gold, _massive gold_, 3106; dat. instr. sg. golde, 1055, 2932, 3019;
+faettan golde, _with chased gold, with gold in plate-form_, 2103; gehroden
+golde, _covered with gold, gilded_, 304; golde gegyrwed (gegyrede),
+_provided with, ornamented with gold_, 553, 1029, 2193; golde geregnad,
+_adorned with gold_, 778; golde fahne (hrof), _the roof shining with gold_,
+928; bunden golde, _bound with gold_ (see under bindan), 1901; hyrsted
+golde (helm), _the helmet ornamented with, mounted with gold_, 2256; gen.
+sg. goldes, 2302; faettan goldes, 1094, 2247; sciran goldes, _of pure gold_,
+1695. --Comp. faet-gold.
+
+gold-aeht, st. f., _possessions in gold, treasure_: acc. sg., 2749.
+
+gold-fah, adj., _variegated with gold, shining with gold_: nom. sg. reced
+... gold-fah, 1801; acc. sg. gold-fahne helm, 2812; nom. pl. gold-fag
+scinon web aefter wagum, _variegated with gold, the tapestry gleamed along
+the walls_, 995.
+
+gold-gifa, w. m., _gold-giver_, designation of the prince: acc. sg. mid
+minne goldgyfan, 2653.
+
+gold-hroden, pret. part., _(covered with gold), ornamented with gold_: nom.
+sg., 615, 641, 1949, 2026; epithet of women of princely rank.
+
+gold-hwaet, adj., _striving after gold, greedy for gold_: naes he goldhwaet,
+_he_ (Beowulf) _was not greedy for gold_ (he did not fight against the
+drake for his treasure, cf. 3067 ff.) 3075.
+
+gold-maethm, st. m., _jewel of gold_: acc. pl. gold-maethmas (the treasures of
+the drake's cave), 2415.
+
+gold-sele, st. m., _gold-hall_, i.e. the hall in which the gold was
+distributed, ruler's hall: acc. sg., 716, 1254; dat. sg. gold-sele, 1640,
+2084.
+
+gold-weard, st. m., _gold-ward, defender of the gold_: acc. sg. (of the
+drake), 3082.
+
+gold-wine, st. m., _friend who distributes gold_, i.e. ruler, prince: nom.
+sg. (partly as voc.) goldwine gumena, 1172, 1477, 1603; goldwine Geata,
+2420, 2585.
+
+gold-wlanc, adj., _proud of gold_: nom. sg. guethrinc goldwlanc (Beowulf
+rewarded with gold by Hroethgar on account of his victory), 1882.
+
+gomban, gomel, gomen. See gamban, gamal, gamen.
+
+gong, gongan. See gang, gangan.
+
+god, adj., _good, fit_, of persons and things: nom. sg., 11, 195, 864,
+2264, 2391, etc.; frod and god, 279; w. dat. cyning aeethelum god, _the king
+noble in birth_, 1871; gumcystum god, 2544; w. gen. wes þu us larena god,
+_be good to us with teaching_ (help us thereto through thy instruction),
+269; in weak form, se goda, 205, 355, 676, 1191, etc.; acc. sg. godne, 199,
+347, 1596, 1970, etc.; gumcystum godne, 1487; neut. god, 1563; dat. sg.
+godum, 3037, 3115; þaem godan, 384, 2328; nom. pl. gode, 2250; þa godan,
+1164; acc. pl. gode, 2642; dat. pl. godum daedum, 2179; gen. pl. godra
+guethrinca, 2649.--Comp. aer-god.
+
+god, st. n.: 1) _good that is done, benefit, gift_: instr. sg. gode, 20,
+957, 1185; gode maere, _renowned on account of her gifts_ (Þryetho), 1953;
+instr. pl. godum, 1862.--2) _ability_, especially in fight: gen. pl. nat he
+þara goda, 682.
+
+gram, adj., _hostile_: gen. sg. on grames grapum, _in the gripe of the
+enemy_ (Beowulf), 766; nom. pl. þa graman, 778; dat. pl. gramum, 424, 1035.
+
+gram-heort, adj., _of a hostile heart, hostile_: nom. sg. grom-heort guma,
+1683.
+
+gram-hydig, adj., _with hostile feeling, maliciously inclined_: nom. sg.
+gromhydig, 1750.
+
+grap, st. f., _the hand ready to grasp, hand, claw_: dat. sg. mid grape,
+438; on grape, 555; gen. sg. eal ... Grendles grape, _all of Grendel's
+claw, the whole claw_, 837; dat. pl. on grames grapum, 766; (as instr.)
+grimman grapum, _with grim claws_, 1543.--Comp.: feond-, hilde-grap.
+
+grapian, w. v., _to grasp, to lay hold of, to seize_: pret. sg. þaet hire
+wieth halse heard grapode, _that_ (the sword) _griped hard at her neck_,
+1567; he ... grapode gearofolm, _he took hold with ready hand_, 2086.
+
+graes-molde, w. f., _grass-plot_: acc. sg. graesmoldan traed, _went over the
+grass-plot_, 1882.
+
+graedig, adj., _greedy, hungry, voracious_: nom. sg. grim and graedig, 121,
+1500; acc. sg. graedig guethleoeth, 1523.
+
+graeg, adj., _gray_: nom. pl. aesc-holt ufan graeg, _the ashen wood, gray
+above_ (the spears with iron points) 330; acc. pl. graege syrcan, _gray_
+(i.e. iron) _shirts of mail_, 334.
+
+graeg-mael, adj., _having a gray color_, here = _iron_: nom. sg. sweord
+Beowulfes gomol and graegmael, 2683.
+
+graepe. See aet-graepe.
+
+gretan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute_: inf. hine swa godne
+gretan, 347; Hroethgar gretan, 1647, 2011; eowic gretan het (_bade me bring
+you his last greeting_), 3096; pret. sg. grette Geata leod, 626; grette þa
+guma oetherne, 653; Hroethgar grette, 1817.-- 2) _to come on, to come near, to
+seek out; to touch; to take hold of_: inf. gifstol gretan, _take possession
+of the throne, mount it as ruler_, 168; naes se folccyning aenig ... þe mec
+guethwinum gretan dorste (_attack with swords_), 2736; Wyrd ... se þone
+gomelan gretan sceolde, 2422; þaet þone sin-scaethan guethbilla nan gretan
+nolde, _that no sword would take hold upon the irreconcilable enemy_, 804;
+pret. sg. grette goldhroden guman on healle, _the gold-adorned_ (queen)
+_greeted the men in the hall_, 615; no he mid hearme ... gaestas grette,
+_did not approach the strangers with insults_, 1894; gomenwudu grette,
+_touched the wood of joy, played the harp_, 2109; pret. subj. II. sg. þaet
+þu þone waelgaest wihte ne grette, _that thou shouldst by no means seek out
+the murderous spirit_ (Grendel), 1996; similarly, sg. III. þaet he ne grette
+goldweard þone, 3082; pret. part. þaer waes ... gomenwudu greted, 1066.
+
+ge-gretan, w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute, to address_: pret. sg. holdne
+gegrette meaglum wordum, _greeted the dear man with formal words_, 1981;
+gegrette þa gumena gehwylcne ... hindeman siethe, _spoke then the last time
+to each of the men_, 2517.--2) _to approach, to come near, to seek out_:
+inf. sceal ... manig oetherne godum gegretan ofer ganotes baeeth, _many a one
+will seek another across the sea with gifts_, 1862.
+
+greot, st. m., _grit, sand, earth_: dat. sg. on greote, 3169.
+
+greotan, st. v., _to weep, to mourn, to lament_: pres. sg. III. se þe aefter
+sincgyfan on sefan greoteeth, _who laments in his heart for the
+treasure-giver_, 1343.
+
+grim, adj., _grim, angry, wild, hostile_: nom. sg., 121, 555, 1500, etc.;
+weak form, se grimma gaest, 102; acc. sg. m. grimne, 1149, 2137; fem,
+grimme, 1235; gen. sg. grimre guethe, 527; instr. pl. grimman grapum,
+1543.--Comp.: beado-, heaetho-, heoro-, searo-grim.
+
+grimme, adv., _grimly, in a hostile manner, bitterly_, 3013, 3086.
+
+grim-lic, adj., _grim, terrible_: nom. sg. grimlic gry[re-gaest], 3042.
+
+grimman, st. v., (properly _to snort_), _to go forward hastily, to hasten_:
+pret. pl. grummon, 306.
+
+grindan, st. v., _to grind_, in
+
+for-grindan, _to destroy, to ruin_: pret. sg. w. dat. forgrand gramum,
+_destroyed the enemy, killed them_ (?), 424; pret. part. w. acc. haefde
+ligdraca leoda faesten ... gledum forgrunden, _had with flames destroyed the
+people's feasts_, 2336; þa his agen (scyld) waes gledum forgrunden, _since
+his own (shield) had been destroyed by the fire_, 2678.
+
+gripe, st. m., _gripe, attack_: nom. sg. gripe meces, 1766; acc. sg. grimne
+gripe, 1149.--Comp.: faer-, mund-, nieth-gripe.
+
+grima, w. m., _mask, visor_: in comp. beado-, here-grima.
+
+grim-helm, st. m., _mask-helmet, helmet with visor_: acc. pl. grim-helmas,
+334.
+
+gripan, st. v., _to gripe, to seize, to grasp_: pret. sg. grap þa togeanes,
+_then she caught at_, 1502.
+
+for-gripan _(to gripe vehemently), to gripe so as to kill, to kill by the
+grasp_, w. dat.: pret. sg. aet guethe forgrap Grendeles maegum, 2354.
+wieth-gripan, w. dat., _(to seize at), to maintain, to hold erect_: inf. hu
+wieth þam aglaecean elles meahte gylpe wieth-gripan, _how else I might maintain
+my boast of battle against the monster_, 2522.
+
+growan, st. v., _to grow, to sprout_: pret. sg. him on ferhethe greow
+breosthord blodreow, 1719.
+
+grund, st. m.: 1) _ground, plain, fields_ in contrast with highlands;
+_earth_ in contrast with heaven: dat. sg. sohte ... aefter grunde, _sought
+along the ground_, 2295; acc. pl. ofer grundas, 1405, 2074.--2) _bottom,
+the lowest part_: acc. sg. grund (of the sea of Grendel), 1368; on gyfenes
+grund, 1395; under gynne grund (_bottom of the sea_) 1552; dat. sg. to
+grunde (of the sea), 553; grunde (of the drake's cave) getenge, 2759; so,
+on grunde, 2766.--Comp.: eormen-, mere-, sae-grund.
+
+grund-buend, pres. part., _inhabitant of the earth_: gen. pl.
+grund-buendra, 1007.
+
+grund-hyrde, st. m., _warder of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg. (of
+Grendel's mother), 2137.
+
+grund-sele, st. m., _hall at the bottom_ (of the sea): dat sg. in þam
+[grund]sele, 2140.
+
+grund-wang, st. m., _ground surface, lowest surface_: acc. sg. þone
+grund-wong (_bottom of the sea_), 1497; (bottom of the drake's cave), 2772,
+2589.
+
+grund-wyrgen, st. f., _she-wolf of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg.
+grund-wyrgenne (Grendel's mother), 1519.
+
+gryn (cf. Gloss. Aldh. "retinaculum, rete grin," Hpts. Ztschr. IX. 429),
+st. n., _net, noose, snare_: gen. pl. fela ... grynna, 931. See gyrn.
+
+gryre, st. m., _horror, terror, anything causing terror_: nom. sg., 1283;
+acc. sg. wieth Grendles gryre, 384; hie Wyrd forsweop on Grendles gryre,
+_snatched them away into the horror of Grendel, to the horrible Grendel_,
+478; dat. pl. mid gryrum ecga, 483; gen. pl. swa fela gryra, 592.--Comp.:
+faer-, wig-gryre.
+
+gryre-broga, w. m., _terror and horror, amazement_: nom. sg.
+[gryre-]br[o]g[a], 2229.
+
+gryre-fah, adj., _gleaming terribly_: acc. sg. gryre-fahne (_the
+fire-spewing drake_, cf. also [draca] fyrwylmum fah, 2672), 2577.
+
+gryre-gaest, st. m., _terror-guest, stranger causing terror_: nom. sg.
+grimlic gry[regaest], 3042; dat. sg. wieth þam gryregieste (the dragon), 2561.
+
+gryre-geatwe, st. f. pl., _terror-armor, warlike equipment_: dat. pl. in
+hyra gryre-geatwum, 324.
+
+gryre-leoeth, st. n., _terror-song, fearful song_: acc. sg. gehyrdon
+gryreleoeth galan godes and-sacan (_heard Grendel's cry of agony_), 787.
+
+gryre-lic, adj., _terrible, horrible_: acc. sg. gryre-licne, 1442, 2137.
+
+gryre-sieth, st. m., _way of terror, way causing terror_, i.e. warlike
+expedition: acc. pl. se þe gryre-siethas gegan dorste, 1463.
+
+guma, w. m., _man, human being_: nom. sg., 653, 869, etc.; acc. sg. guman,
+1844, 2295; dat. sg. guman (gumum, MS.), 2822; nom pl. guman, 215, 306,
+667, etc.; acc. pl. guman, 615; dat. pl. gumum, 127, 321; gen. pl. gumena,
+73, 328, 474, 716, etc.--Comp.: driht-, seld-guma.
+
+gum-cyn, st. n., _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. we synt gumcynnes
+Geata leode, _people from the nation of the Geatas_, 260; dat. pl. aefter
+gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
+
+gum-cyst, st. f., _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl.)
+gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv., _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
+godne beaga bryttan, 1487; gumcystum god ... hilde-hlemma (Beowulf), 2544.
+
+gum-dream, st. m., _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-dream ofgeaf
+(died), 2470.
+
+gum-dryhten, st. m., _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
+
+gum-feetha, w. m., _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg., 1402.
+
+gum-man, st. m., _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
+
+gum-stol, st. m., _man's seat_ [Greek: kat'ezochaen] _ruler's seat, throne_:
+dat. sg. in gumstole, 1953.
+
+gueth, st. f., _combat, battle_: nom. sg., 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
+guethe, 604; instr. sg. guethe, 1998; dat. sg. to (aet) guethe, 438, 1473. 1536,
+2354, etc.; gen. sg. guethe, 483, 527, 631, etc.; dat. pl. guethum, 1959, 2179;
+gen. pl. guetha, 2513, 2544.
+
+gueth-beorn, st. m., _warrior_: gen. pl. gueth-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
+the Danish coast_), 314.
+
+gueth-bil, st. n., _battle-bill_: nom. sg. guethbill, 2585; gen. pl. gueth-billa
+nan, 804.
+
+gueth-byrne, w. f., _battle-corselet_: nom. sg., 321.
+
+gueth-cearu, st. f., _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. aefter
+gueth-ceare, 1259.
+
+gueth-craeft, st. m., _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
+gueth-craeft, 127.
+
+gueth-cyning, st. m., _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg.,
+199, 1970, 2336, etc.
+
+gueth-deaeth, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 2250.
+
+gueth-floga, w. m., _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wieth þone guethflogan (the
+drake), 2529.
+
+gueth-freca, w. m., _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
+gueth-freca, of the drake, 2415.
+
+gueth-fremmend, pres. part., _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
+gueth-fremmendra, 246; gueth- (god-, MS.) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
+(meaning Beowulf), 299.
+
+gueth-gewaede, st. n., _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gueth-gewaedo, 227; acc.
+pl. -gewaedu, 2618, 2631(?), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewaeda, 2624.
+
+gueth-geweorc, st. n., _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl., -geweorca, 679,
+982, 1826.
+
+gueth-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for combat_: acc. þa gueth-geatwa
+(-getawa, MS.), 2637; dat. in eowrum gueth-geatawum, 395.
+
+gueth-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet_: nom. sg., 2488.
+
+gueth-horn, st. n., _battle-horn_: acc. sg., 1433.
+
+gueth-hreeth, st. f., _battle-fame_: nom. sg., 820.
+
+gueth-leoeth, st. n., _battle-song_: acc., sg., 1523.
+
+gueth-mod, adj., _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
+pl. gueth-mode, 306.
+
+gueth-raes, st. m., _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg., 2992; gen. pl.
+gueth-raesa, 1578, 2427.
+
+gueth-reow, adj., _fierce in battle_: nom. sg., 58.
+
+gueth-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 839, 1119,
+1882; acc. sg., 1502; gen. pl. gueth-rinca, 2649.
+
+gueth-rof, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 609.
+
+gueth-sceaetha, w. m., _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg., of the drake,
+2319.
+
+gueth-scearu, st. f., _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. aefter gueth-sceare,
+1214.
+
+gueth-sele, st. m., _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
+sg. in þaem guethsele (in Heorot), 443.
+
+gueth-searo, st. n. pl., _battle-equipment, armor_; acc., 215, 328.
+
+gueth-sweord, st. n., _battle-sword_: acc. sg., 2155.
+
+gueth-werig, adj., _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gueth-werigne Grendel,
+1587.
+
+gueth-wine, st. m., _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
+sword: acc. sg., 1811; instr. pl. þe mec gueth-winum gretan dorste, _who
+dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
+
+gueth-wiga, w. m., _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg., 2112.
+
+gyd. See gid.
+
+gyfan. See gifan.
+
+gyldan. See gildan.
+
+gylden, adj., _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
+gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum beage,
+1164.--Comp. eal-gylden.
+
+gylp. See gilp.
+
+gyrdan, w. v., _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
+girt warrior_, 2079.
+
+gyrn, st. n., _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg., 1776.
+
+gyrn-wracu, st. f., _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. to gyrn-wraece, 1139; gen.
+sg. þa waes eft hraethe gearo gyrn-wraece Grendeles modor, _then was Grendel's
+mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
+
+gyrwan. See gerwan.
+
+gystran. See gistran.
+
+gyman, w. v. w. gen., _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
+gymeeth, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhyda ne gym! _do not study arrogance_
+(despise it), 1761.
+
+for-gyman, w. acc., _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. he þa
+foreth-gesceaft forgyteeth and forgymeeth, 1752.
+
+gytsian. See gitsian.
+
+gyt. See git.
+
+
+H
+
+habban, w. v., _to have_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. I. þaes ic wen haebbe (_as I
+hope_), 383; þe ic geweald haebbe, 951; ic me on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
+on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þu nu [friethu]
+hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbaeth we ... micel aerende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
+þaet he þrittiges manna maegencraeft on his mundgripe haebbe, 381. Blended with
+the negative: pl. III. þaet be Sae-Geatas selran naebben to geceosenne cyning
+aenigne, _that the Sea-Geatas will have no better king than you to choose_,
+1851; imp. hafa nu and geheald husa selest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
+3018; pret. sg. haefde, 79, 518, 554; pl. haefdon, 539.--2) used as an
+auxiliary with the pret. part.: pres. sg. I. haebbe ic ... ongunnen, 408;
+haebbe ic ... geahsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafaeth, 474, 596;
+pret. sg. haefde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc.; pl. haefdon, 117,
+695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nu scealc hafaeth daed gefremede,
+940; haefde se goda ... cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
+formed the compounds: bord-, rond-haebbend.
+
+for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte waefre mod
+forhabban in hreethre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
+breast_, 1152; ne mihte þa for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
+
+wieth-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þaet se winsele
+wieth-haefde heaetho-deorum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
+773.
+
+hafela, heafola, w. m., _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
+1781; na þu minne þearft hafalan hydan, 446; þonne we on orlege hafelan
+weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwita helm
+hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
+heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121.--Comp. wig-heafola.
+
+hafenian, w. v., _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. waepen hafenade heard be
+hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
+
+hafoc, st. m., _hawk_: nom. sg., 2264.
+
+haga, w. m., _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. to
+hagan, 2893, 2961.
+
+haga, w. m. See an-haga.
+
+hama, homa, w. m., _dress_: in the comp. flaesc-, fyrd-, lic-hama, scir-ham
+(adj.).
+
+hamer, st. m., _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lafe
+(swords), 2830.
+
+hand, hond, st. f., _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sio swiethre ... hand, _the right
+hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc. sg. hand, 558, 984; hond, 657,
+687, 835, 928, etc.; dat. sg. on handa, 495, 540; mid handa, 747, 2721; be
+honda, 815; dat. pl. (as instr.) hondum, 1444, 2841.
+
+hand-bana, w. m., _murderer with the hand_, or _in hand-to-hand combat_:
+dat. sg. to hand-bonan (-banan), 460, 1331.
+
+hand-gemot, st. n., _hand-to-hand conflict, battle_: gen. pl. (ecg) þolode
+aer fela hand-gemota, 1527; no þaet laesest waes hond-gemota, 2356.
+
+hand-gesella, w. m., _hand-companion, man of the retinue_: dat. pl.
+hond-gesellum, 1482.
+
+hand-gestealla, w. m., _(one whose position is near at hand), comrade,
+companion, attendant_: dat. sg. hond-gesteallan, 2170; nom. pl.
+hand-gesteallan, 2597.
+
+hand-geweorc, st. n., _work done with the hands_, i.e. achievement in
+battle: dat. sg. for þaes hild-fruman hondgeweorce, 2836.
+
+hand-gewriethen, pret. part. _hand-wreathed, bound with the hand._ acc. pl.
+waelbende ... hand-gewriethene, 1938.
+
+hand-locen, pret. part., _joined, united by hand_: nom. sg. (gueth-byrne,
+lic-syrce) hondlocen (because the shirts of mail consisted of interlaced
+rings), 322, 551.
+
+hand-raes, st. m., _hand-battle_, i.e. combat with the hands: nom. sg.
+hond-raes, 2073.
+
+hand-scalu, st. f., _hand-attendance, retinue_: dat. sg. mid his hand-scale
+(hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+hand-sporu, st. f., _finger_ (on Grendel's hand), under the figure of a
+spear: nom. pl. hand-sporu, 987.
+
+hand-wundor, st. n., _wonder done by the hand, wonderful handwork_: gen.
+pl. hond-wundra maest, 2769.
+
+hangan. See hon.
+
+hangian, w. v., _to hang_: pres. sg. III. þonne his sunu hangaeth hrefne to
+hroethre, _when his son hangs, a joy to the ravens_, 2448; pl. III. ofer þaem
+(mere) hongiaeth hrimge bearwas, _over which frosty forests hang_, 1364; inf.
+hangian, 1663; pret. hangode, _hung down_, 2086.
+
+hatian, w. v. w. acc., _to hate, to be an enemy to, to hurt_: inf. he þone
+heaetho-rinc hatian ne meahte laethum daedum (_could not do him any harm_),
+2467; pret. sg. hu se gueth-sceaetha Geata leode hatode and hynde, 2320.
+
+had, st. m., _form, condition, position, manner_: acc. sg. þurh haestne had,
+_in a powerful manner_, 1336; on gesiethes had, _in the position of follower,
+as follower_, 1298; on sweordes had, _in the form of a sword_, 2194. See
+under on.
+
+hador, st. m., _clearness, brightness_: acc. sg. under heofenes hador, 414.
+
+hador, adj., _clear, fresh, loud_: nom. sg. scop hwilum sang hador on
+Heorote, 497.
+
+hadre, adv., _clearly, brightly_, 1572.
+
+hal, adj., _hale, whole, sound, unhurt_: nom. sg. hal, 300. With gen.
+heaetho-laces hal, _safe from battle_, 1975. As form of salutation, wes ...
+hal, 407; dat. sg. halan lice, 1504.
+
+halig, adj., _holy_: nom. sg. halig god, 381, 1554; halig dryhten, 687.
+
+ham, st. m., _home, residence, estate, land_: acc. sg. ham, 1408; Hroethgares
+ham, 718. Usually in adverbial sense: gewat him ham, _betook himself home_,
+1602; to ham, 124, 374, 2993; fram ham, _at home_, 194; aet ham, _at home_,
+1249, 1924, 1157; gen. sg. hames, 2367; acc. pl. hamas, 1128.--Comp.
+Finnes-ham, 1157.
+
+ham-weorethung, st. f., _honor_ or _ornament of home_: acc. sg. ham-weorethunge
+(designation of the daughter of Hygelac, given in marriage to Eofor), 2999.
+
+har, adj., _gray_: nom. sg. har hilde-rinc, 1308, 3137; acc. sg. under
+(ofer) harne stan, 888, 1416, 2554; hare byrnan (i.e. iron shirt of mail),
+2154; dat. sg. harum hildfruman, 1679; f. on heare haeethe (on heaw ... h ...
+ethe, MS.), 2213; gen. sg. hares, _of the old man_, 2989.--Comp. un-har.
+
+hat, adj., _hot, glowing, flaming_ nom sg., 1617, 2297, 2548, 2559, etc.;
+wyrm hat gemealt, _the drake hot_ (of his own heat) _melted_, 898; acc.
+sg., 2282(?); inst. sg. hatan heolfre, 850, 1424; g. sg. heaethu-fyres hates,
+2523; acc. pl. hate heaetho-wylmas, 2820.--Sup.: hatost heaetho-swata, 1669.
+
+hat, st. n., _heat, fire_: acc. sg. geseah his mondryhten ... hat þrowian,
+_saw his lord endure the_ (drake's) _heat_, 2606.
+
+hata, w. m., _persecutor_; in comp. daed-hata.
+
+hatan, st. v.: 1) _to bid, to order, to direct_, with acc. and inf., and
+acc. of the person: pres. sg. I. ic maguþegnas mine hate ... flotan eowerne
+arum healdan, _I bid my thanes take good care of your craft_, 293; imp. sg.
+II. hat in gan ... sibbegedriht, 386; pl. II. hataeth heaetho-maere hlaew
+gewyrcean, 2803; inf. þaet healreced hatan wolde ... men gewyrcean, _that he
+wished to command men to build a hall-edifice_, 68. Pret. sg. heht: heht
+... eahta mearas ... on flet teon, _gave command to bring eight horses into
+the hall_, 1036; þonne aenne heht golde forgyldan, _commanded to make good
+that one with gold_, 1054; heht þa þaet heaetho-weorc to hagan biodan,
+_ordered the combat to be announced at the hedge_(?), 2893; swa se snottra
+heht, _as the wise_ (Hroethgar) _directed_, 1787; so, 1808, 1809. het: het
+him yethlidan godne gegyrwan, _ordered a good vessel to be prepared for him_,
+198; so, het, 391, 1115, 3111. As the form of a wish: het hine wel brucan,
+1064; so, 2813; pret. part. þa waes haten hraethe Heort innan-weard folmum
+gefraetwod, _forthwith was ordered Heorot, adorned by hand on the inside_
+(i.e. that the edifice should be adorned by hand on the inside), 992.--2)
+_to name, to call_: pres. subj. III. pl. þaet hit saeliethend ... hatan
+Biowulfes biorh, _that mariners may call it Beowulf's grave-mound_, 2807;
+pret. part. waes se grimma gaest Grendel haten, 102; so, 263, 373, 2603.
+
+ge-hatan, _to promise, to give one's word, to vow, to threaten_: pres. sg.
+I. ic hit þe gehate, 1393; so, 1672; pret. sg. he me mede gehet, _promised
+me reward_, 2135; him faegre gehet leana (gen. pl.), _promised them proper
+reward_, 2990; wean oft gehet earmre teohhe, _with woe often threatened the
+unhappy band_, 2938; pret. pl. geheton aet haergtrafum wig-weorethunga, _vowed
+offerings at the shrines of the gods_, 175; þonne we geheton ussum hlaforde
+þaet ..., _when we promised our lord that_..., 2635; pret. part. sio gehaten
+[waes] ... gladum suna Frodan, _betrothed to the glad son of Froda_, 2025.
+
+hator, st. m. n., _heat_: in comp. and-hator.
+
+haeft, adj., _held, bound, fettered_: nom. sg., 2409; acc. sg. helle haeftan,
+_him fettered by hell_ (Grendel), 789.
+
+haeft-mece, st. m., _sword with fetters_ or _chains_ (cf. fetel-hilt): dat.
+sg. þaem haeft-mece, 1458. See Note.
+
+haeg-steald, st. m., _man, liegeman, youth_: gen. pl. haeg-stealdra, 1890.
+
+haele, st. m., _man_: nom. sg., 1647, 1817, 3112; acc. sg. haele, 720; dat.
+pl. haelum (haenum, MS.), 1984.
+
+haeleeth, st. m., _hero, fighter, warrior, man_: nom. sg., 190, 331, 1070;
+nom. pl. haeleeth, 52, 2248, 2459, 3143; dat. pl. haeleethum 1710, 1962, etc.;
+gen. pl. haeleetha, 467, 497, 612, 663, etc.
+
+haerg. See hearg.
+
+haeeth, st. f., _heath_: dat. sg. haeethe, 2213.
+
+haeethen, adj., _heathenish_; acc. sg. haeethene sawle, 853; dat. sg. haeethnum
+horde, 2217; gen. sg. haeethenes, _of the heathen_ (Grendel), 987; gen. pl.
+haeethenra, 179.
+
+haeeth-stapa, w. m., _that which goes about on the heath_ (stag): nom. sg.,
+1369
+
+hael, st. f.: 1) _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. him hael abead, 654; mid
+haele, 1218.--2) _favorable sign, favorable omen_: hael sceawedon, _observed
+favorable signs_ (for Beowulf's undertaking), 204.
+
+haelo, st. f., _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. haelo abead heoreth-geneatum,
+2419.--Comp. un-haelo.
+
+haest (O.H.G. haistera hanti, manu violenta; heist, ira; heistigo,
+iracunde), adj., _violent, vehement_: acc. sg. þurh haestne had, 1336.
+
+he, fem. heo, neut. hit, pers. pron., _he, she, it_; in the oblique cases
+also reflexive, _himself, herself, itself_: acc. sg. hine, hi, hit; dat.
+sg. him, hire, him; gen. sg. his, hire, his; plur. acc. nom. hi, hig, hie;
+dat. him; gen. hira, heora, hiera, hiora.--he omitted before the verb, 68,
+300, 2309, 2345.
+
+hebban, st. v., _to raise, to lift_, w. acc.: inf. siethethan ic hond and rond
+hebban mihte, 657; pret. part. hafen, 1291; haefen, 3024.
+
+a-hebban, _raise, to lift from, to take away_: waes ... icge gold ahafen of
+horde, _taken up from the hoard_, 1109; þa waes ... wop up ahafen, _a cry of
+distress raised_, 128
+
+ge-hegan [ge-hegan], w. v., _to enclose, to fence_: þing gehegan, _to mark
+off the court, hold court_. Here figurative: inf. sceal ... ana gehegan
+þing wieth þyrse (_shall alone decide the matter with Grendel_), 425.
+
+hel, st. f., _hell_: nom. sg., 853; acc. sg. helle, 179; dat. sg. helle,
+101, 589; (as instr.), 789; gen. sg. helle, 1275.
+
+hel-bend, st. m. f. _bond of hell_: instr. pl. hell-bendum faest, 3073.
+
+hel-runa, w. m., _sorcerer_: nom. pl. helrunan, 163.
+
+be-helan, st. v., _to conceal, to hide_: pret. part. be-holen, 414.
+
+helm, st. m.: 1) _protection in general, defence, covering that protects_:
+acc. sg. on helm, 1393; under helm, 1746.--2) _helmet_: nom. sg., 1630;
+acc. sg. helm, 673, 1023, 1527, 2988; (helo, MS.), 2724; brun-fagne,
+gold-fahne helm, 2616, 2812; dat. sg. under helme, 342, 404; gen. sg.
+helmes, 1031; acc. pl. helmas, 240, 2639.--3) _defence, protector_,
+designation of the king: nom. sg. helm Scyldinga (Hroethgar), 371, 456, 1322;
+acc. sg. heofena helm _(the defender of the heavens_ = God), 182; helm
+Scylfinga, 2382.--Comp.: grim-, gueth-, heaetho-, niht-helm.
+
+ofer-helmian, w. v. w. acc., _to cover over, to overhang_: pres. sg. III.
+ofer-helmaeth, 1365.
+
+helm-berend, pres. part., _helm-wearing_ (warrior): acc. pl. helmberend,
+2518, 2643.
+
+helpan, st. v., _to help_: inf. þaet him holt-wudu helpan ne meahte, lind
+wieth lige, _that a wooden shield could not help him, a linden shield against
+flame_, 2341; þaet him irenna ecge mihton helpan aet hilde, 2685; wutun
+gangan to, helpan hildfruman, _let us go thitherto help the battle-chief_,
+2650; w. gen. ongan ... maeges helpan, _began to help my kinsman_, 2880; so,
+pret. sg. þaer he his maeges (MS. maegenes) healp, 2699.
+
+help, m. and f., _help, support, maintenance_: acc. sg. helpe, 551, 1553;
+dat. sg. to helpe, 1831; acc. sg. helpe, 2449.
+
+hende, _-handed_: in comp. idel-hende.
+
+her, adv., _here_, 397, 1062, 1229, 1655, 1821, 2054, 2797, etc.; _hither_,
+244, 361, 376.
+
+here (Goth, harji-s), st. m., _army, troops_: dat. sg. on herge, _in the
+army, on a warlike expedition, 1249; in the army, among the fighting men_,
+2639; as instr. herge, 2348.--Comp.: flot-, scip-, sin-here.
+
+here-broga, w. m., _terror of the army, fear of war_: dat. sg. for
+here-brogan, 462.
+
+here-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, coat of mail_: nom. sg., 1444.
+
+here-grima, w. m., _battle-mask_, i.e. helmet (with visor): dat. sg.
+-griman, 396, 2050, 2606.
+
+here-net, st. n., _battle-net_, i.e. coat of mail (of interlaced rings):
+nom. sg., 1554.
+
+here-nieth, st. m., _battle-enmity, battle of armies_: nom. sg., 2475.
+
+here-pad, st. f., _army-dress_, i.e. coat of mail, armor: nom. sg., 2259.
+
+here-rinc, st. m., _army-hero, hero in battle, warrior_: acc. sg. here-rinc
+(MS. here ric), 1177.
+
+here-sceaft, st. m., _battle-shaft_, i.e. spear: gen. pl. here-sceafta
+heap, 335.
+
+here-sped, st. f., _(war-speed), luck in war_: nom. sg., 64.
+
+here-strael, st. m., _war-arrow, missile_: nom. sg., 1436.
+
+here-syrce, w. f., _battle-shirt, shirt of mail_: acc. sg. here-syrcan,
+1512.
+
+here-waed, st. f., _army-dress, coat of mail, armor_: dat. pl. (as instr.)
+here-waedum, 1898.
+
+here-waesma, w. m., _war-might, fierce strength in battle_: dat. pl. an
+here-waesmum, 678.--Leo.
+
+here-wisa, w. m., _leader of the army_, i.e. ruler, king: nom. sg., 3021.
+
+herg, hearg, st. m., _image of a god, grove where a god was worshipped_,
+hence to the Christian a wicked place(?): dat. pl. hergum geheaetherod,
+_confined in wicked places_ (parallel with hell-bendum faest), 3073.
+
+herigean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to provide with an army, to support with
+an army_: pres. sg. I. ic þe wel herige, 1834.--Leo.
+
+hete, st. m., _hate, enmity_: nom. sg. 142, 2555.--Comp.: ecg-, morethor-,
+wig-hete.
+
+hete-lic, adj., _hated_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+hetend, hettend, (pres. part. of hetan, see hatian), _enemy_, hostis: nom.
+pl. hetende, 1829; dat. pl. wieth hettendum, 3005.
+
+hete-nieth, st. m., _enmity full of hate_: acc. pl. hete-niethas, 152.
+
+hete-sweng, st. m., _a blow from hate_: acc. pl. hete-swengeas, 2226.
+
+hete-þanc, st. m., _hate-thought, a hostile design_: dat. pl. mid his
+hete-þancum, 475.
+
+hedan, ge-hedan, w. v. w. gen.: 1) _to protect_: pret. sg. ne hedde he þaes
+heafolan, _did not protect his head_, 2698.--2) _to obtain_: subj. pret.
+sg. III. gehedde, 505.
+
+herian, w. v. w. acc., _to praise, to commend_: with reference to God, _to
+adore_: inf. heofena helm herian ne cuethon, _could not worship the defence
+of the heavens_ (God), 182; ne huru Hildeburh herian þorfte Eotena treowe,
+_had no need to praise the fidelity of the Eotens_, 1072; pres. subj. þaet
+mon his wine-dryhten wordum herge, 3177.
+
+ge-heaetherian, w. v., _to force, to press in_: pret. part. ge-heaetherod,
+3073.
+
+heaetho-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, shirt of mail_: nom. sg., 1553.
+
+heaetho-deor, adj., _bold in battle, brave_: nom. sg., 689; dat. pl.
+heaetho-deorum, 773.
+
+heaetho-fyr, st. n., _battle-fire, hostile fire_: gen. sg. heaethu-fyres, 2523;
+instr. pl. heaetho-fyrum, 2548, of the drake's fire-spewing.
+
+heaetho-grim, adj., _grim in battle_, 548.
+
+heaetho-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet, war-helmet_: nom. sg., 3157(?).
+
+heaetho-lac, st. n., _battle-play, battle_: dat. sg. aet heaetho-lace, 584; gen.
+sg. heaetho-laces hal, 1975.
+
+heaetho-maere, adj., _renowned in battle_: acc. pl. -maere, 2803.
+
+heaetho-raes, st. m., _storm of battle, attack in battle, entrance by force_:
+nom. sg., 557; acc. pl. -raesas, 1048; gen. pl. -raesa, 526.
+
+heaetho-reaf, st. n., _battle-dress, equipment for battle_: acc. sg.
+heaetho-reaf heoldon (_kept the equipments_), 401.
+
+heaetho-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: acc. sg. þone heaetho-rinc
+(Hreethel's son, Haeethcyn), 2467; dat. pl. þaem heaetho-rincum, 370.
+
+heaetho-rof, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 381; nom. pl. heaetho-rofe,
+865.
+
+heaetho-scearp, adj., _sharp in battle, bold_: n. m. pl. (-scearde, MS.),
+2830.
+
+heaetho-seoc, adj., _battle-sick_: dat. sg. -siocum, 2755.
+
+heaetho-steap, adj., _high in battle, excelling in battle_: nom. sg. in weak
+form, heaetho-steapa, 1246; acc. sg. heaetho-steapne, 2154, both times of the
+helmet.
+
+heaetho-swat, st. m., _blood of battle_: dat. sg. heaetho-swate, 1607; as
+instr., 1461; gen. pl. hatost heaetho-swata, 1669.
+
+heaetho-sweng, st. m., _battle-stroke_ (blow of the sword): dat. sg. aefter
+heaethu-swenge, 2582.
+
+heaetho-torht, adj., _loud, clear in battle_: nom. sg. stefn ... heaetho-torht,
+_the voice clear in battle_, 2554.
+
+heaetho-waed, st. f., _battle-dress, coat of mail, armor_: instr. pl.
+heaetho-waedum, 39.
+
+heaetho-weorc, st. n., _battle-work, battle_: acc. sg., 2893.
+
+heaetho-wylm, st. m., _hostile (flame-) wave_: acc. pl. hate heaetho-wylmas,
+2820; gen. pl. heaetho-wylma, 82.
+
+heaf, st. n., _sea_: acc. pl. ofer heafo, 2478. See Note.
+
+heafola. See hafela.
+
+heal, st. f., _hall, main apartment, large building_ (consisting of an
+assembly-hall and a banqueting-hall): nom. sg. heal, 1152, 1215; heall,
+487; acc. sg. healle, 1088; dat. sg. healle, 89, 615, 643, 664, 926, 1010,
+1927, etc.; gen. sg. [healle], 389.--Comp.: gif-, meodo-heal.
+
+heal-aern, st. n., _hall-building, hall-house_: gen. sg. heal-aerna, 78.
+
+heal-gamen, st. n., _social enjoyment in the hall, hall-joy_: nom. sg.,
+1067.
+
+heal-reced, st. n., _hall-building_: acc. sg., 68.
+
+heal-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_ (at the banquet): dat. pl.
+heal-sittendum, 2869; gen. pl. heal-sittendra, 2016.
+
+heal-þegn, st. m., _hall-thane_, i.e. a warrior who holds the hall: gen.
+sg. heal-þegnes, of Grendel, 142; acc. pl. heal-þegnas, of Beowulfs band,
+720.
+
+heal-wudu, _hall-wood_, i.e. hall built of wood: nom. sg., 1318.
+
+healdan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to hold, to hold fast; to support_: pret. pl.
+hu þa stanbogan ... ece eorethreced innan heoldon (MS. healde), _how the
+arches of rock within held the everlasting earth-house_, 2720. Pret. sg.,
+with a person as object: heold hine to faeste, _held him too fast_, 789; w.
+the dat. he him freondlarum heold, _supported him with friendly advice_,
+2378.--2) _to hold, to watch, to preserve, to keep_; reflexive, _to
+maintain one's self, to keep one's self_: pres. sg. II. eal þu hit geþyldum
+healdest, maegen mid modes snyttrum, _all that preservest thou continuously,
+strength and wisdom of mind_, 1706; III. healdeeth hige-meethum heafod-wearde,
+_holds for the dead the head-watch_, 2910; imp. sg. II. heald foreth tela
+niwe sibbe, _keep well, from now on, the new relationship_, 949; heald
+(heold, MS.) þu nu hruse ... eorla aehte, _preserve thou now, Earth, the
+noble men's possessions_, 2248; inf. se þe holmclifu healdan scolde, _watch
+the sea-cliffs_, 230; so, 705; nacan ... arum healdan, _to keep well your
+vessel_, 296; wearde healdan, 319; forleton eorla gestreon eorethan healdan,
+3168; pres. part. dream healdende, _holding rejoicing_ (i.e. thou who art
+rejoicing), 1228; pret. sg. heold hine syethethan fyr and faestor, _kept himself
+afterwards afar and more secure_, 142; aegwearde heold, _I have (hitherto)
+kept watch on the sea_, 241; so, 305; hiold heah-lufan wieth haeleetha brego,
+_preserved high love_, 1955; ginfaestan gife ... heold, 2184; gold-maethmas
+heold, _took care of the treasures of gold_, 2415; heold min tela,
+_protected well mine own_, 2738; þonne ... sceft ... nytte heold, _had
+employment, was employed_, 3119; heold mec, _protected_, i.e. brought me
+up, 2431; pret. pl. heaetho-reaf heoldon, _watched over the armor_, 401; sg.
+for pl. heafodbeorge ... walan utan heold, _outwards, bosses kept guard
+over the head_, 1032.--Related to the preceding meaning are the two
+following: 3) _to rule and protect the fatherland_: inf. gif þu healdan
+wylt maga rice, 1853; pret. heold, 57, 2738.--4) _to hold, to have, to
+possess, to inhabit_: inf. let þone brego-stol Beowulf healdan, 2390;
+gerund. to healdanne hleoburh wera, 1732; pret. sg. heold, 103, 161, 466,
+1749, 2752; lyftwynne heold nihtes hwilum, _at night-time had the enjoyment
+of the air_, 3044; pret. pl. Geata leode hreawic heoldon, _the Geatas held
+the place of corpses_ (lay dead upon it), 1215; pret. sg. þaer heo aer maeste
+heold worolde wynne, _in which she formerly possessed the highest earthly
+joy_, 1080.--5) _to win, to receive_: pret. pl. I. heoldon heah gesceap,
+_we received a heavy fate, heavy fate befell us_, 3085.
+
+be-healdan, w. acc.: 1) _to take care of, to attend to_: pret. sg. þegn
+nytte beheold, _a thane discharged the office_, 494; so, 668.--2) _to
+hold_: pret. sg. se þe floda begong ... beheold, 1499.--3) _to look at, to
+behold_: þryethswyeth beheold maeg Higelaces hu ..., _great woe saw H.'s
+kinsman, how ..._, 737.
+
+for-healdan, w. acc., _(to hold badly), to fall away from, to rebel_: pret.
+part. haefdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, _had rebelled against the
+defender of the Scylfings_, 2382.
+
+ge-healdan: 1) _to hold, to receive, to hold fast_: pres. sg. III. se þe
+waldendes hyldo gehealdeeth, _who receives the Lord's grace_, 2294; pres.
+subj. faeder alwalda ... eowic gehealde sietha gesunde, _keep you sound on
+your journey_, 317; inf. ne meahte he ... on þam frum-gare feorh gehealdan,
+_could not hold back the life in his lord_, 2857.--2) _to take care, to
+preserve, to watch over; to stop_: imp. sg. hafa nu and geheald husa
+selest, 659; inf. gehealdan het hilde-geatwe, 675; pret. sg. he fraetwe
+geheold fela missera, 2621; þone þe aer geheold wieth hettendum hord and rice,
+_him who before preserved treasure and realm_, 3004.--3) _to rule_: inf.
+folc gehealdan, 912; pret. sg. geheold tela (brade rice), 2209.
+
+healf, st. f., _half, side, part_: acc. sg. on þa healfe, _towards this
+side_, 1676; dat. sg. haeleethum be healfe, _at the heroes' side_, 2263; acc.
+pl. on twa healfa, _upon two sides, mutually_, 1096; on ba healfa (healfe),
+_on both sides_ (to Grendel and his mother), 1306; _on two sides, on both
+sides_, 2064; gen. pl. on healfa gehwone, _in half, through the middle_,
+801.
+
+healf, adj., _half_: gen. sg. healfre, 1088.
+
+heals, st. m., _neck_: acc. sg. heals, 2692; dat. sg. wieth halse, 1567; be
+healse, 1873.--Comp.: the adjectives famig-, wunden-heals.
+
+heals-beah, st. m., _neck-ring, collar_: acc. sg. þone heals-beah, 2173;
+gen. pl. heals-beaga, 1196.
+
+heals-gebedde, w. f., _beloved bedfellow, wife_: nom. sg. healsgebedde (MS.
+healsgebedda), 63.
+
+healsian, w. v. w. acc., _to entreat earnestly, to implore_: pret. sg. þa
+se þeoden mec ... healsode hreoh-mod þaet..., _entreated me sorrowful,
+that_..., 2133.
+
+heard, adj.: 1) of persons, _able, efficient in war, strong, brave_: nom.
+sg. heard, 342, 376, 404, 1575, 2540, etc.; in weak form, se hearda, 401,
+1964; se hearda þegn, 2978; þes hearda heap, 432; nom. pl. hearde
+hilde-frecan, 2206; gen. pl. heardra, 989. Comparative: acc. sg. heardran
+haele, 720. With accompanying gen.: wiges heard, _strong in battle_, 887;
+dat. sg. nietha heardum, 2171.--2) of the implements of war, _good, firm,
+sharp, hard_: nom. sg. (gueth-byrne, lic-syrce) heard, 322, 551. In weak
+form: masc. here-strael hearda, 1436; se hearda helm, 2256; neutr. here-net
+hearde, 1554; acc. sg. (swurd, waepen), heard, 540, 2688, 2988; nom. pl.
+hearde ... homera lafe, 2830; heard and hring-mael Heaethobeardna gestreon,
+2038; acc. pl. heard sweord, 2639. Of other things, _hard, rough, harsh,
+hard to bear_: acc. sg. hreether-bealo hearde, 1344; nom. sg. wroht ...
+heard, 2915; here-nieth hearda, 2475; acc. sg. heoro-sweng heardne, 1591;
+instr. sg. heardan ceape, 2483; instr. pl. heardan, heardum clammum, 964,
+1336; gen. pl. heardra hynetha, 166. Compar.: acc. sg. heardran feohtan,
+576.--Comp.: fyr-, iren-, nieth-, regn-, scur-heard.
+
+hearde, adv., _hard, very_, 1439.
+
+heard-ecg, adj., _sharp-edged, hard, good in battle_: nom. sg., 1289.
+
+heard-fyrde, adj., _hard to take away, heavy_: acc. sg. hard-fyrdne,
+2246.--Leo.
+
+heard-hycgend, pres. part. _of a warlike disposition, brave_: nom. pl.
+-hicgende, 394, 800.
+
+hearg-traef, st. n., _tent of the gods, temple_: dat. pl. aet haerg-trafum
+(MS. hraerg trafum), 175.
+
+hearm, st. m., _harm, injury, insult_: dat. sg. mid hearme, 1893.
+
+hearm-sceaetha, w. m., _enemy causing injury_ or _grief_: nom. sg.
+hearm-scaetha, 767.
+
+hearpe, w. f., _harp_: gen. sg. hearpan sweg, 89, 3024; hearpan wynne
+(wyn), 2108, 2263.
+
+heaethu, st. f., _sea, waves_: acc. sg. heaethu, 1863?
+
+heaethu-liethend, pres. part., _sea-farer, sailor_: nom. pl. -liethende, 1799;
+dat. pl. -liethendum (designation of the Geatas), 2956.
+
+heafod, st. n., _head_: acc. sg., 48, 1640; dat. sg. heafde, 1591, 2291,
+2974; dat. pl. heafdum, 1243.
+
+heafod-beorh, st. f., _head-defence, protection for the head_: acc. sg.
+heafod-beorge, 1031.
+
+heafod-maeg, st. m., _head-kinsman, near blood-relative_: dat. pl.
+heafod-maegum (_brothers_), 589; gen. pl. heafod-maga, 2152.
+
+heafod-segn, st. n., _head-sign, banner_: acc. sg., 2153.
+
+heafod-weard, st. f., _head-watch_ acc. sg. healdeeth ... heafod-wearde
+leofes and laethes, _for the friend and the foe_ (Beowulf and the drake, who
+lie dead near each other), 2910.
+
+heah, hea, adj., _high, noble_ (in composition, also primus): nom. sg. heah
+Healfdene, 57; hea (Higelac), 1927; heah (sele), 82; heah hlaew, 2806, 3159;
+acc. sg. heah (segn), 48, 2769; heahne (MS. heanne) hrof, 984; dat. sg. in
+(to) sele þam hean, 714, 920; gen. sg. hean huses, 116.--_high, heavy_:
+acc. heah gesceap (_an unusual, heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+hea-burh, st. f., _high city, first city of a country_: acc. sg., 1128.
+
+heah-cyning, st. m., _high king, mightiest of the kings_: gen. sg.
+-cyninges (of Hroethgar), 1040.
+
+heah-gestreon, st. n., _splendid treasure_: gen. pl. -gestreona, 2303.
+
+heah-lufe, w. f., _high love_: acc. sg. heah-lufan, 1955.
+
+heah-sele, st. m., _high hall, first hall in the land, hall of the ruler_:
+dat. sg. heah-sele, 648.
+
+heah-setl, st. n., _high seat, throne_: acc. sg., 1088.
+
+heah-stede, st. m., _high place, ruler's place_: dat. sg. on heah-stede,
+285.
+
+hean, adj., _depressed, low, despised, miserable_: nom. sg., 1275, 2100,
+2184, 2409.
+
+heap, st. m., _heap, crowd, troop_: nom. sg. þegna heap, 400; þes hearda
+heap, _this brave band_, 432; acc. sg. here-sceafta heap, _the crowd of
+spears_, 335; mago-rinca heap, 731; dat. sg. on heape, _in a compact body_,
+as many as there were of them, 2597.--Comp. wig-heap.
+
+heawan, st. v., _to hew, to cleave_: inf., 801.
+
+ge-heawan, _cleave_: pres. subj. ge-heawe, 683.
+
+heoethu, st. f., _the interior of a building_: dat. sg. þaet he on heoethe
+gestod, _in the interior_ (of the hall, Heorot), 404.
+
+heofon, st. m., _heaven_: nom. sg., 3157; dat. sg. hefene, 1572; gen. sg.
+heofenes, 414, 576, 1802, etc.; gen. pl. heofena, 182; dat. pl. under
+heofenum, 52, 505.
+
+heolfor, st. n., _gore, fresh_ or _crude blood_: dat. instr. sg. hatan
+heolfre, 850, 1424; heolfre, 2139; under heolfre, 1303.
+
+heolster, st. n., _haunt, hiding-place_: acc. sg. on heolster, 756.
+
+heonan, adv., _hence, from here_: heonan, 252; heonon, 1362.
+
+heor, st. m., _door-hinge_: nom. pl. heorras, 1000.
+
+heorde, adj. See wunden-heorde.
+
+heoreth-geneat, st. m., _hearth-companion_, i.e. a vassal of the king, in
+whose castle he receives his livelihood: nom. pl. heoreth-geneatas, 261,
+3181; acc. pl. heoreth-geneatas, 1581, 2181; dat. pl. heoreth-geneatum, 2419.
+
+heorot, st. m., _stag_: nom. sg., 1370.
+
+heorte, w. f., _heart_: nom. sg., 2562; dat. sg. aet heortan, 2271; gen. sg.
+heortan, 2464, 2508.--Comp.: the adjectives blieth-, grom-, rum-,
+stearc-heort.
+
+heoru, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg. heoru bunden (cf. under bindan), 1286. In
+some of the following compounds heoro- seems to be confounded with here-
+(see here).
+
+heoro-blac, adj., _pale through the sword, fatally wounded_: nom. sg.
+[heoro-]blac, 2489.
+
+heoru-dreor, st. m., _sword-blood_: instr. sg. heoru-dreore, 487;
+heoro-dreore, 850.
+
+heoro-dreorig, adj., _bloody through the sword_: nom. sg., 936; acc. sg.
+heoro-dreorigne, 1781, 2721.
+
+heoro-drync, st. m., _sword-drink_, i.e. blood shed by the sword: instr.
+pl. hioro-dryncum swealt, _died through sword-drink_, i.e. struck by the
+sword, 2359.
+
+heoro-gifre, adj., _eager for hostile inroads_: nom. sg., 1499.
+
+heoro-grim, adj., _sword-grim, fierce in battle_: nom. sg. m., 1565; fem.
+-grimme, 1848.
+
+heoro-hocihte, adj., _provided with barbs, sharp like swords _: instr. pl.
+mid eofer-spreotum heoro-hocyhtum, 1439.
+
+heoro-serce, w. f., _shirt of mail_: acc. sg. hioro-sercean, 2540.
+
+heoro-sweng, st. m., _sword-stroke_: acc. sg. 1591.
+
+heoro-weallende, pres. part., _rolling around fighting_, of the drake,
+2782. See weallian.
+
+heoro-wearh, st. m. _he who is sword-cursed, who is destined to die by the
+sword_: nom. sg., 1268.
+
+heofan, w. v., _to lament, to moan_: part. nom. pl. hiofende, 3143.
+
+a-heoran, _to free_ (?): w. acc. pret. sg. bryd aheorde, 2931.
+
+heore, adj., _pleasant, not haunted, secure_: nom. sg. fem, nis þaet heoru
+stow, _that is no secure place_, 1373.--Comp. un-heore (-hyre).
+
+hider, adv., _hither_, 240, 370, 394, 3093, etc.
+
+ofer-higian, w. v. (according to the connection, probably), _to exceed_,
+2767. (O.H.G. ubar-hugjan, _to be arrogant_.)
+
+hild, st. f., _battle, combat_: nom. sg., 452, 902, 1482, 2077; hild
+heoru-grimme, 1848; acc. sg. hilde, 648; instr. sg. hilde, _through
+combat_, 2917; dat. sg. aet hilde, 1461.
+
+hilde-bil, st. n., _battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1667; instr. dat. sg.
+hilde-bille, 557, 1521.
+
+hilde-bord, st. n., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. hilde-bord, 397; instr. pl.
+-bordum, 3140.
+
+hilde-cyst, st. f., _excellence in battle, bravery in battle_: instr. pl.
+-cystum, 2599.
+
+hilde-deor, adj., _bold in battle, brave in battle_: nom. sg., 312, 835,
+1647, 1817; hilde-dior, 3112; nom. pl. hilde-deore, 3171.
+
+hilde-freca, w. m., _hero in battle_: nom. pl. hilde-frecan, 2206; dat. sg.
+hild-frecan, 2367.
+
+hilde-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for battle, adornment for combat_:
+acc. hilde-geatwe, 675; gen. -geatwa, 2363.
+
+hilde-gicel, st. m., _battle-icicle_, i.e. the blood which hangs upon the
+sword-blades like icicles: instr. pl. hilde-gicelum, 1607.
+
+hilde-grap, st. f., _battle-gripe_: nom. sg., 1447, 2508.
+
+hilde-hlemma, w. m., _one raging in battle, warrior, fighter_: nom. sg.,
+2352, 2545; dat. pl. eft þaet ge-eode ... hilde-hlaemmum, _it happened to the
+warriors_ (the Geatas), 2202.
+
+hilde-leoma, w. m., _battle-light, gleam of battle_, hence: 1) the
+fire-spewing of the drake in the fight: nom. pl. -leoman, 2584.--2) _the
+gleaming sword_: acc. sg. -leoman, 1144.
+
+hilde-mecg, st. m., _man of battle, warrior_: nom. pl. hilde-mecgas, 800.
+
+hilde-mece, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. -meceas, 2203.
+
+hilde-rand, st. m., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. -randas, 1243.
+
+hllde-raes, st. m., _storm of battle_: acc. sg., 300.
+
+hilde-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 1308, 3125,
+3137; dat. sg. hilde-rince, 1496; gen. sg. hilde-rinces, 987.
+
+hilde-saed, adj., _satiated with battle, not wishing to fight any more_:
+acc. sg. hilde-saedne, 2724.
+
+hilde-sceorp, st. n., _battle-dress, armor, coat of mail_: acc. sg., 2156.
+
+hilde-setl, st. n., _battle-seat_ (saddle): nom. sg., 1040.
+
+hilde-strengo, st. f., _battle-strength, bravery in battle_: acc., 2114.
+
+hilde-swat, st. m., _battle-sweat_: nom. sg. hat hilde-swat (the hot, damp
+breath of the drake as he rushes on), 2559.
+
+hilde-tux, st. m., _battle-tooth_: instr. pl. hilde-tuxum, 1512.
+
+hilde-waepen, st. m., _battle-weapon_: instr. pl. -waepnum, 39.
+
+hilde-wisa, w. m., _leader in battle, general_: dat. sg. fore Healfdenes
+hildewisan, _Healfdene's general_ (Hnaef), 1065.
+
+hild-freca. See hilde-freca
+
+hild-fruma, st. m., _battle-chief_: dat. sg. -fruma, 1679, 2650; gen. sg.
+þaes hild-fruman, 2836.
+
+hlld-lata, w. m., _he who is late in battle, coward_: nom. pl. þa
+hild-latan, 2847.
+
+hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_: nom. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. þaet hilt,
+1669; hylt, 1668. Also used in the plural; acc. þa hilt, 1615; dat. pl, be
+hiltum, 1575.--Comp.: fetel-, wreoethen-hilt.
+
+hilte-cumbor, st. n., _banner with a staff_: acc. sg., 1023.
+
+hilted, pret. part., _provided with a hilt_ or _handle_: acc. sg. heard
+swyrd hiked, _sword with a_ (rich) _hilt_, 2988.
+
+hin-fus, adj., _ready to die_: nom. sg. hyge waes him hinfus (i.e. he felt
+that he should not survive), 756.
+
+hindema, adj. superl., _hindmost, last_: instr. sg. hindeman siethe, _the
+last time, for the last time_, 2050, 2518.
+
+hirde, hyrde, st. m., (_herd_) _keeper, guardian, possessor_: nom. sg.
+folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2982; rices hyrde, 2028; fyrena hyrde, _the
+guardian of mischief, wicked one_, 751, 2220; wuldres hyrde, _the king of
+glory, God_, 932; hringa hyrde, _the keeper of the rings_, 2246; cumbles
+hyrde, _the possessor of the banner, the bearer of the banner_, 2506;
+folces hyrde, 1850; fraetwa hyrde, 3134; rices hyrde, 3081; acc. pl. huses
+hyrdas, 1667.--Comp.: grund-hyrde.
+
+hit (O.N. hita), st. f. (?), _heat_: nom. sg. þenden hyt sy, 2650.
+
+hladan, st. v.: 1) _to load, to lay_: inf. on bael hladan leofne mannan,
+_lay the dear man on the funeral-pile_, 2127; him on bearm hladan bunan and
+discas, _laid cups and plates upon his bosom, loaded himself with them_,
+2776; pret. part. þaer waes wunden gold on waen hladen, _laid upon the wain_,
+3135.--2) _to load, to burden_: pret. part. þa waes ... saegeap naca hladen
+herewaedum, _loaded with armor_, 1898.--Comp. gilp-hlaeden.
+
+ge-hladan, w. acc., _to load, to burden_: pret. sg. saebat gehlod (MS
+gehleod), 896.
+
+hlaford, st. m., _lord, ruler_: nom. sg., 2376; acc. sg., 267; dat. sg.
+hlaforde, 2635; gen. sg. hlafordes, 3181.--Comp. eald-hlaford.
+
+hlaford-leas; adj., _without a lord_: nom. pl. hlaford-lease, 2936.
+
+hlaw, hlaew, st. m., _grave-hill_: acc. sg. hlaew, 2803, 3159, 3171; dat. sg.
+for hlawe, 1121. Also, _grave-chamber_ (the interior of the grave-hill),
+_cave_: acc. sg. hlaw [under] hrusan, 2277; hlaew under hrusan, 2412; dat.
+sg. on hlaewe, 2774. The drake dwells in the rocky cavern which the former
+owner of his treasure had chosen as his burial-place, 2242-2271.
+
+hlaest, st. n., _burden, load_: dat. sg. hlaeste, 52.
+
+hlem, st. m., _noise, din of battle, noisy attack_: in the compounds, uht-,
+wael-hlem.
+
+hlemma, w. m., _one raging, one who calls_; see hilde-hlemma.
+
+a-hlehhan, st. v., _to laugh aloud, to shout, to exult_: pret. sg. his mod
+ahlog, _his mood exulted_, 731.
+
+hleahtor, st. m., _laughter_: nom. sg., 612; acc. sg., 3021.
+
+hleapan, st. v., _to run, to trot, to spring_: inf. hleapan leton ...
+fealwe mearas, 865.
+
+a-hleapan, _to spring up_: pret. ahleop, 1398.
+
+hleoethu. See hlieth.
+
+hleonian, w. v., _to incline, to hang over_: inf. oeth þaet he ...
+fyrgen-beamas ofer harne stan hleonian funde, _till he found mountain-trees
+hanging over the gray rocks_, 1416.
+
+hleo, st. m., _shady, protected place; defence, shelter_; figurative
+designation of the king, or of powerful nobles: wigendra hleo, of Hroethgar,
+429; of Sigemund, 900; of Beowulf, 1973, 2338; eorla hleo, of Hroethgar,
+1036, 1867; of Beowulf, 792; of Hygelac, 2191.
+
+hleo-burh, st. f., _ruler's castle_ or _city_: acc. sg., 913, 1732.
+
+hleoethor-cwyde, st. m., _speech of solemn sound, ceremonious words_, 1980.
+
+hleor, st. n., _cheek, jaw_: in comp. faeted-hleor (adj.).
+
+hleor-bera, w. m., _cheek-bearer_, the part of the helmet that reaches down
+over the cheek and protects it: acc. pl. ofer hleor-beran (_visor_?), 304.
+
+hleor-bolster, st. m., _cheek-bolster, pillow_: nom. sg., 689.
+
+hleotan, st. v. w. acc., _to obtain by lot, to attain, to get_: pret. sg.
+feorh-wunde hleat, 2386.
+
+hlifian, w. v., _to rise, to be prominent_: inf. hlifian, 2806; pret.
+hlifade, 81, 1800, 1899.
+
+hlieth, st. n., _cliff, precipice of a mountain_: dat. sg. on hliethe, 3159;
+gen. sg. hliethes, 1893; pl. hlietho in composition, stan-hlietho; hleoethu in the
+compounds fen-, mist-, naes-, wulf-hleoethu.
+
+hlin-bed (Frisian hlen-bed, Richthofen 206^28, for which another text has
+cronk-bed), st. n., [Greek: klinidion], _bed for reclining, sick-bed_: acc.
+sg. hlim-bed, 3035.
+
+to-hlidan, st. v., _to spring apart, to burst_: pret. part. nom. pl.
+to-hlidene, 1000.
+
+hlud, adj., _loud_: acc. sg. dream ... hludne, 89.
+
+hlyn, st. m., _din, noise, clatter_: nom. sg., 612.
+
+hlynnan, hlynian, w. v., _to sound, to resound_: inf. hlynnan (of the
+voice), 2554; of fire, _to crackle_: pret. sg. hlynode, 1121.
+
+hlynsian, w. v., _to resound, to crash_: pret. sg. reced hlynsode, 771.
+
+hlytm, st. m., _lot_: dat. sg. naes þa on hlytme, hwa þaet hord strude, _it
+did not depend upon lot who should plunder the hoard_, i.e. its possession
+was decided, 3127.
+
+hnah, adj.: 1) _low, inferior_: comp. acc. sg. hnagran, 678; dat. sg.
+hnahran rince, _an inferior hero, one less brave_, 953.--2) _familiarly
+intimate_: nom. sg. naes hio hnah swa þeah, _was nevertheless not familiarly
+intimate_ (with the Geatas, i.e. preserved her royal dignity towards them),
+(_niggardly_?), 1930.
+
+hnaegan, w. v. w. acc., (for naegan), _to speak to, to greet_: pret. sg. þaet
+he þone wisan wordum hnaegde frean Ingwina, 1319.
+
+ge-hnaegan, w. acc., _to bend, to humiliate, to strike down, to fell_: pret.
+sg. ge-hnaegde helle gast, 1275; þaer hyne Hetware hilde gehnaegdon, 2917.
+
+hnitan, st. v., _to dash against, to encounter_, here of the collision of
+hostile bands: pret. pl. þonne hniton (hnitan) feethan, 1328, 2545.
+
+hoethma, w. m., _place of concealment, cave_, hence, _the grave_: dat. sg. in
+hoethman, 2459.
+
+hof, st. n., _enclosed space, court-yard, estate, manor-house_: acc. sg.
+hof (Hroethgar's residence), 312; dat. sg. to hofe sinum (Grendel's home in
+the sea), 1508; to hofe (Hygelac's residence), 1975; acc. pl. beorht hofu,
+2314; dat. pl. to hofum Geata, 1837.
+
+hogode. See hycgan.
+
+hold, adj., _inclined to, attached to, gracious, dear, true_: nom. sg. w.
+dat. of the person, hold weorod frean Scyldinga, _a band well disposed to
+the lord of the Scyldings_, 290; mandrihtne hold, 1230; Hygelace waes ...
+nefa swyethe hold, _to H. was his nephew_ (Beowulf) _very much attached_,
+2171; acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, _from a kindly feeling, with honorable
+mind_, 267; holdne wine, 376; holdne, 1980; gen. pl. holdra, 487.
+
+hold. See healdan.
+
+holm, st. m., _deep sea_: nom. sg., 519, 1132, 2139; acc. sg., 48, 633;
+dat. sg. holme, 543, 1436, 1915; acc. pl. holmas, 240.--Comp. waeg-holm.
+
+holm-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: dat. sg. on þam holm-clife, 1422; from þaem
+holmclife, 1636; acc. pl. holm-clifu, 230.
+
+holm-wylm, st. m., _the waves of the sea_: dat. sg. holm-wylme, 2412.
+
+holt, st. n., _wood, thicket, forest._ acc. sg. on holt, 2599; holt,
+2847.--Comp.: aesc-, fyrgen-, gar-, Hrefnes-holt.
+
+holt-wudu, st. m., _forest-wood_: 1) of the material: nom. sg., 2341.--2) =
+_forest_: acc. sg., 1370.
+
+hord, st. m. and n., _hoard, treasure_: nom. sg., 2284, 3085; beaga hord,
+2285; maethma hord, 3012; acc. sg. hord, 913, 2213, 2320, 2510, 2745, 2774,
+2956, 3057; sawle hord, 2423; þaet hord, 3127; dat. sg. of horde, 1109; for
+horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the hoard_, 2782; haeethnum horde,
+2217; gen. sg. hordes, 888.--Comp.: beah-, breost-, word-, wyrm-hord.
+
+hord-aern, st. n., _place in which a treasure is kept, treasure-room_: dat.
+hord-aerne, 2832; gen. pl. hord-aerna, 2280.
+
+hord-burh, st. f., _city in which is the treasure_ (of the king's),
+_ruler's castle_: acc. sg., 467.
+
+hord-gestreon, st. n., _hoard-treasure, precious treasure_: dat. pl.
+hord-gestreonum, 1900; gen. pl. maegen-byrethenne hord-gestreona, _the great
+burden of rich treasures_, 3093.
+
+hord-maethethum, st. m., _treasure-jewel, precious jewel_: acc. sg. (-madmum,
+MS.), 1199.
+
+hord-wela, w. m., _treasure-riches, abundance of treasures_: acc. sg.
+hord-welan, 2345.
+
+hord-weard, st. m., _warder of the treasure, hoard-warden_: 1) of the king:
+nom. sg., 1048; acc. sg., 1853.--2) of the drake: nom. sg., 2294, 2303,
+2555, 2594.
+
+hord-weorethung, st. f., _ornament out of the treasure, rich ornament_: acc.
+sg.--weorethunge, 953.
+
+hord-wyn, st. f., _treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure_: acc. sg. hord-wynne,
+2271.
+
+horn, st. m., _horn_: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot hornum trum,
+1370.--2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., 1424; acc. sg., 2944.--Comp. gueth-horn.
+
+horn-boga, w. m., _bow made of horn_: dat. sg. of horn-bogan, 2438.
+
+horn-geap, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns adorning the
+gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heah and horn-geap, 82.
+
+horn-reced, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by the halves of
+a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., 705. Cf. Heyne's Treatise on the Hall,
+Heorot, p. 44.
+
+hors, st. n., _horse_: nom. sg., 1400.
+
+hociht, adj., _provided with hooks, hooked_: in comp. heoro-hociht.
+
+be-hofian, w. v. w. gen., _to need, to want_: pres. sg. III. nu is se daeg
+cumen þat ure man-dryhten maegenes behofaeth godra guethrinca, _now is the day
+come when our lord needs the might of strong warriors_, 2648.
+
+on-hohsnian, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. sg. þaet onhohsnode Heminges maeg (on
+hohsnod, MS.), 1945.
+
+holinga, adv., _in vain, without reason_, 1077.
+
+be-hon, st. v., _to hang with_: pret. part. helmum behongen, 3140.
+
+hop, st. n., _protected place, place of refuge, place of concealment_, in
+the compounds fen-, mor-hop.
+
+hos (Goth, hansa), st. f., _accompanying troop, escort_: instr. sg. maegetha
+hose, _with an accompanying train of servingwomen_, 925.
+
+hraeethe, adv., _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 224, 741, 749, 1391, etc.;
+hraethe, 1438; hreethe, 992; compar. hraethor, 543.
+
+hran-fix, st. m., _whale_: acc. pl. hron-fixas, 540.
+
+hran-rad, st. f., _whale-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer hron-rade, 10.
+
+hra, st. n., _corpse_: nom. sg., 1589.
+
+hra-fyl, st. m., _fall of corpses, killing, slaughter_: acc. sg., 277.
+
+hraedlice, adv., _hastily, immediately_, 356, 964.
+
+hraefn, hrefn, st. m., _raven_: nom. sg. hrefn blaca, _black raven_, 1802;
+se wonna hrefn, _the dark raven_, 3025; dat. sg. hrefne, 2449.
+
+hraegl, st. n., _dress, garment, armor_: nom. sg., 1196; gen. sg., hraegles,
+1218; gen. pl. hraegla, 454--Comp.: beado-, fyrd-, mere-hraegl.
+
+hreethe. See hraethe.
+
+hreether, st. m., _breast, bosom_ nom. sg. hreether inne weoll _(it surged in
+his breast_), 2114; hreether aeethme weoll, 2594; dat. sg. in hreethre, 1152; of
+hreethre, 2820.--_Breast_ as the seat of feeling, _heart_: dat. sg. þaet waes
+... hreethre hygemeethe, _that was depressing to the heart_ (of the slayer,
+Haeethcyn), 2443; on hreethre, 1879, 2329; gen. pl. þurh hreethra gehygd,
+2046.--_Breast_ as seat of life: instr. sg. hreethre, parallel with aldre,
+1447.
+
+hreether-bealo, st. n., _evil that takes hold on the heart, evil severely
+felt_: acc. sg., 1344.
+
+hrefn. See hraefn.
+
+hreeth, st. f., _glory_; in composition, gueth-hreeth; _renown, assurance of
+victory_, in sige-hreeth.
+
+hreethe, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. hreeth (on account of the
+following aet, final _e_ is elided, as wenic for wene ic, 442; frofor and
+fultum for frofre and fultum, 699; firen ondrysne for firene ondr., 1933),
+2576.
+
+hreeth-sigor, st. m., _glorious victory_: dat. sg. hreeth-sigora, 2584.
+
+hremig, adj., _boasting, exulting_: with instr. and gen. huethe hremig, 124;
+since hremig, 1883; fraetwum hremig, 2055; nom. pl. nealles Hetware hremge
+þorfton (sc. wesan) feethe-wiges, 2365.
+
+on-hreran, w. v., _to excite, to stir up_: pret. part. on-hrered, 549,
+2555.
+
+hrea-wic, st. n., _place of corpses_: acc. sg. Geata leode hrea-wic
+heoldon, _held the place of corpses_, 1215.
+
+hread, st. f., _ornament_(?), in comp. earm-hread. See hreoethan.
+
+hream, st. m., _noise, alarm_:: nom. sg., 1303.
+
+hreoetha, w. m., _cover_, in the compound bord-hreoetha.
+
+hreoethan, ge-hreoethan, st. v., _to cover, to clothe_; only in the pret. part.
+hroden, gehroden, _dressed, adorned_: hroden, 495, 1023; þa waes heal hroden
+feonda feorum, _then was the hall covered with the corpses of the enemy_,
+1152; ge-hroden golde, _adorned with gold_, 304.--Comp.: beag-,
+gold-hroden.
+
+hreoh, hreow, hreo, adj., _excited, stormy, wild, angry, raging; sad,
+troubled_: nom. sg. (Beowulf) hreoh and heoro-grim, 1565; þaet þam godan waes
+hreow on hreethre, (_that came with violence upon him, pained his heart_),
+2329; hreo waeron yetha, _the waves were angry, the sea stormy_, 548; naes him
+hreoh sefa, _his mind was not cruel_, 2181; dat. sg. on hreon mode, _of sad
+heart_, 1308; on hreoum mode, _angry at heart_, 2582.
+
+hreoh-mod, adj., _of sad heart_, 2133; _angry at heart_, 2297.
+
+hreosan, st. v., _to fall, to sink, to rush_: pret. hreas, 2489, 2832;
+pret. pl. hruron, 1075; hie on weg hruron, _they rushed away_, 1431; hruron
+him tearas, _tears burst from him_, 1873.
+
+be-hreosan, _to fall from, to be divested of_: pret. part. acc. pl.
+fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, _divested of ornaments_ (from which
+the ornaments had fallen away), 2760.
+
+hreow, st. f., _distress, sorrow_: gen. pl. þaet waes Hroethgare hreowa
+tornost, _that was to Hroethgar the bitterest of his sorrows_, 2130.
+
+hring, st. m.: 1) _ring_: acc. sg. þone hring, 1203; hring gyldenne, 2810;
+acc. pl. hringas, 1196, 1971, 3035; gen. pl. hringa, 1508, 2246.--2) _shirt
+of mail_ (of interlaced rings): nom. sg. hring, 1504; byrnan hring,
+2261.--Comp. ban-hring.
+
+hringan, w. v., _to give forth a sound, to ring, to rattle_: pret. pl.
+byrnan hringdon, 327.
+
+hring-boga, w. m., _one who bends himself into a ring_: gen. sg.
+hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle), 2562.
+
+hringed, pret. part., _made of rings_: nom. sg. hringed byrne, 1246; acc.
+sg. hringde byrnan, 2616.
+
+hringed-stefna, w. m., _ship whose stem is provided with iron rings_
+(cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Frieth-þiofs saga, I:
+þorsteinn atti skip þat er Ellidi het, ... borethit war spengt iarni): nom.
+sg., 32, 1898; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, 1132.
+
+hring-iren, st. n., _ring-iron, ring-mail_: nom. sg., 322.
+
+hring-mael, adj., _marked with rings_, i.e. ornamented with rings, or marked
+with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the sword, 1522, 1562(?);
+nom. pl. heard and hring-mael Heaethobeardna gestreon (_rich armor_), 2038.
+
+hring-naca, w. m., _ship with iron rings, sea-going ship_: nom. sg., 1863.
+
+hring-net, st. n., _ring-net_, i.e. a shirt of interlaced rings: acc. sg.,
+2755; acc. pl. hring-net, 1890.
+
+hring-sele, st. m., _ring-hall_, i.e. hall in which are rings, or in which
+rings are bestowed: acc. sg., 2841; dat. sg., 2011, 3054.
+
+hring-weorethung, st. f., _ring-ornament_: acc. sg. -weorethunge, 3018.
+
+hrinan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) _to touch, lay hold of_: inf. þaet him heardra
+nan hrinan wolde iren aergod (_that no good sword of valiant men would make
+an impression on him_), 989; him for hrof-sele hrinan ne mehte faergripe
+flodes (_the sudden grip of the flood might not touch him owing to the
+hall-roof_), 1516; þaet þam hring-sele hrinan ne moste gumena aenig _(so that
+none might touch the ringed-hall), _3054; pret. sg. siethethan he hire folmum
+[hr]an (_as soon as he touched it with his hands_), 723; oeth þaet deaethes wylm
+hran aet heortan (_seized his heart_), 2271. Pret. subj. þeah þe him wund
+hrine (_although he was wounded_), 2977.--2) (O.N. hrina, _sonare,
+clamare), to resound, rustle_: pres. part. nom. pl. hrinde bearwas (for
+hrinende) 1364; but see Note.
+
+hroden. See hreoethan.
+
+hron-fix. See hran-fix.
+
+hroethor, st. m., _joy, beneficium_: dat sg. hrefne to hroethre, 2449; gen. pl.
+hroethra, 2172.
+
+hrof, st. m., _roof, ceiling of a house_: nom. sg., 1000; acc. sg. under
+Heorotes hrof, 403; under geapne hrof, 838; geseah steapne hrof (here
+_inner roof, ceiling_), 927; so, ofer heahne hrof, 984; ymb þaes helmes
+hrof, 1031; under beorges hrof, 2756.--Comp. inwit-hrof.
+
+hrof-sele, st. m., _covered hall_: dat. sg. hrof-sele, 1516.
+
+hror, adj., _stirring, wide-awake, valorous_: dat. sg. of þaem hroran,
+1630.--Comp. fela-hror.
+
+hruron. See hreosan.
+
+hruse, w. f., _earth, soil_: nom. sg., 2248, 2559; acc. sg. on hrusan, 773,
+2832; dat. sg. under hrusan, 2412.
+
+hrycg, st. m., _back_: acc. sg. ofer waeteres hrycg (_over the water's back,
+surface_), 471.
+
+hryre, st. m., _fall, destruction, ruin_: acc. sg., 3181; dat. sg., 1681,
+3006.--Comp.: leod-, wig-hryre.
+
+hrysian, w. v., _to shake, be shaken, clatter_: pret. pl. syrcan hrysedon
+(_corselets rattled_, of men in motion), 226.
+
+hund, st. m., _dog_: instr. pl. hundum, 1369.
+
+hund, num., _hundred_: þreo hund, 2279; w. gen. pl. hund missera, 1499;
+hund þusenda landes and locenra beaga, 2995.
+
+hu, adv., _how, quomodo_, 3, 116, 279, 738, 845, 2319, 2520, 2719, etc.
+
+hueth, st. f., _booty, plunder_: dat. (instr.) sg. huethe, 124.
+
+huru, adv., _above all, certainly_, 369; _indeed, truly_, 182, 670, 1072,
+1466, 1945, 2837; _yet, nevertheless_, 863; _now_, 3121.
+
+hus, st. n., _house_: gen. sg. huses, 116; gen. pl. husa selest (Heorot),
+146, 285, 659, 936.
+
+hwan, adv., _whither_: to hwan syethethan weareth hondraes haeleetha (_what issue the
+hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had_), 2072.
+
+hwanan, hwanon, adv., _whence_: hwanan, 257, 2404; hwanon, 333.
+
+hwa, interrog. and indef. pron., _who_: nom. sg. m. hwa, 52, 2253, 3127;
+neut. hwaet, 173; anes hwaet (_a part only_), 3011; hwaet þa men waeron (_who
+the men were_), 233, etc.; hwaet syndon ge searo-haebbendra (_what armed men
+are ye?_), 237; acc. sg. m. wieth manna hwone (_from (?) any man_), 155;
+neut. þurh hwaet, 3069; hwaet wit geo spraecon, 1477; hwaet ... hynetho (gen.),
+faer-nietha (_what shame and sudden woes_), 474; so, hwaet þu worn fela (_how
+very much thou_), 530; swylces hwaet, 881; hwaet ... arna, 1187; dat. m.
+hwam, 1697.--Comp. aeg-hwa.
+
+hwaet, interj., _what! lo! indeed!_ 1, 943, 2249.
+
+ge-hwa, w. part, gen., _each, each one_: acc. sg. m. wieth feonda gehwone,
+294; nietha gehwane, 2398; meca gehwane, 2686; gum-cynnes gehwone, 2766; fem,
+on healfa gehwone, 801; dat. sg. m. dogora gehwam, 88; aet nietha gehwam, 883;
+þegna gehwam, 2034; eorla gehwaem, 1421; fem. in maegetha ge-hwaere, 25; nihta
+gehwaem, 1366; gen. sing. m. manna gehwaes, 2528; fem. daeda gehwaes, 2839.
+
+hwar. See hwaer.
+
+hwaeder. See hwider.
+
+hwaeether, pron., _which of two_: nom. sg. hwaeether ... uncer twega, 2531; swa
+hwaeether, _utercunque_: acc. sg. on swa hwaeethere hond swa him gemet þince,
+687.--Comp. aeg-hwaeether.
+
+ge-hwaeether, _each of two, either-other_: nom. sg. m. waes gehwaeether oethrum
+lifigende laeth, 815; waes ... gehwaeether oethrum hroethra gemyndig, 2172; ne
+gehwaeether incer (_nor either of you two_), 584; nom. sg. neut. gehwaeether þara
+(_either of them_, i.e. ready for war or peace), 1249; dat. sg. hiora
+gehwaeethrum, 2995; gen. sg. bega gehwaeethres, 1044.
+
+hwaeether, hwaeethere, hwaeethre, 1) adv., _yet, nevertheless_: hwaeethre, 555, 891,
+1271, 2099, 2299, 2378, etc.; hwaeethre swa þeah, _however, notwithstanding_,
+2443; hwaeethere, 574, 578, 971, 1719--2) conj., = _utrum, whether_: hwaeethre,
+1315; hwaeether, 1357, 2786.
+
+hwaet, adj., _sharp, bold, valiant_: nom. sg. se secg hwata, 3029; dat. sg.
+hwatum, 2162; nom. pl. hwate, 1602, 2053; acc. pl. hwate, 2643,
+3006.--Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwaet.
+
+hwaet. See hwa.
+
+hwaer, adv., _where_: elles hwaer, _elsewhere_, 138; hwaer, _somewhere_, 2030.
+In elliptical question: wundur hwar þonne..., _is it a wonder when...?_
+3063.--Comp. o-hwaer.
+
+ge-hwaer, _everywhere_: þeah þu heaetho-raesa gehwaer dohte (_everywhere good in
+battle_), 526.
+
+hwele. See hwyle.
+
+hwergen, adv., _anywhere_: elles hwergen, _elsewhere_, 2591.
+
+hwettan, w. v., _to encourage, urge_: pres. subj. swa þin sefa hwette (_as
+thy mind urges, as thou likest_), 490; pret. pl. hwetton higerofne (_they
+whetted the brave one_), 204.
+
+hwene, adv., _a little, paululum_, 2700.
+
+hwealf, st. f., _vault_: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf, 576, 2016.
+
+hweorfan, st. v., _to stride deliberately, turn, depart, move, die_: pres.
+pl. þara þe cwice hwyrfaeth, 98; inf. hwilum he on lufan laeteeth hworfan monnes
+mod-geþonc (_sometimes on love_ (?) _possessions_ (?) _permits the thoughts
+of man to turn_), 1729; londrihtes mot ... monna aeghwylc idel hweorfan (_of
+rights of land each one of men must be deprived_), 2889; pret. sg. faeder
+ellor hwearf ... of earde (_died_), 55; hwearf þa hraedlice þaer Hroethgar saet,
+356; hwearf þa bi bence (_turned then to the bench_), 1189; so, hwearf þa
+be wealle, 1574; hwearf geond þaet reced, 1982; hlaew oft ymbe hwearf (_went
+oft round the cave_), 2297; nalles aefter lyfte lacende hwearf (_not at all
+through the air did he go springing_), 2833; subj. pret. sg, aer he on weg
+hwurfe ... of geardum (_died_), 264.
+
+and-hweorfan, _to move against_: pret. sg. oeth þaet ... norethan wind
+heaetho-grim and-hwearf (_till the fierce north wind blew in our faces_),
+548.
+
+aet-hweorfan, _to go to_: pret. sg. hwilum he on beorh aet-hwearf (_at times
+returned to the mountain_), 2300.
+
+ge-hweorfan, _to go, come_: pret. sg. gehwearf þa in Francna faeethm feorh
+cyninges, 1211; hit on aeht gehwearf ... Denigea frean, 1680; so, 1685,
+2209.
+
+geond-hweorfan, _to go through from end to end_: pres. sg. flet eall
+geond-hwearf, 2018.
+
+hwider, adv., _whither_: hwyder, 163; hwaeder (hwaeether, MS.), 1332.
+
+hwil, st. f., _time, space of time_: nom. sg. waes seo hwil micel (_it was a
+long time_), 146; þa waes hwil daeges (_the space of a day_), 1496; acc. sg.
+hwile, _for a time_, 2138; _a while_, 105, 152; lange (longe) hwile, _a
+long while_, 16, 2781; ane hwile, _a while_, 1763; lytle hwile, _brief
+space_, 2031, 2098; aenige hwile, _any while_, 2549; laessan hwile, _a lesser
+while_, 2572; dat. sg. aer daeges hwile, _before daybreak_, 2321; dat. pl.
+nihtes hwilum, _sometimes at night_, 3045. Adv., _sometimes, often_:
+hwilum, 175, 496, 917, 1729, 1829, 2017, 2112, etc.; hwilum ... hwilum,
+2108-9-10.--Comp.: daeg-, gescaep-, orleg-, sige-hwil.
+
+hwit, adj., _brilliant, flashing_: nom. sg. se hwita helm, 1449.
+
+hworfan. See hweorfan.
+
+hwopan, st. v., _to cry, cry out mourn_: pret. sg. hweop, 2269.
+
+hwyder. See hwider.
+
+hwylc, pron., _which, what, any_: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m. sceaetha ic nat hwylc,
+274; fem, hwylc orleghwil, 2003; nom. pl. hwylce Saegeata siethas waeron,
+1987.--2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna hwylc, 1105; fem, efne swa
+hwylc maegetha swa þone magan cende (_whatever woman brought forth this son_),
+944; neut. þonne his bearna hwylc (_than any one of his sons_), 2434; dat.
+sg. efne swa hwylcum manna swa him gemet þuhte, 3058.--Comp.: aeg-, nat-,
+wel-hwylc.
+
+ge-hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc, w. gen. pl., _each_: nom. sg. m. gehwylc,
+986, 1167, 1674; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, 937, 2251, 2517; gehwelcne, 148;
+fem, gehwylce, 1706; neut. gehwylc, 2609; instr. sg. dogra gehwylce, 1091;
+so, 2058, 2451; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, 412, 769, 785, etc.; fem, ecga
+gehwylcre, 806; neut. cynna gehwylcum, 98; gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces,
+733, 1397, 2095.
+
+hwyrft, st. m., _circling movement, turn_: dat. pl. adv. hwyrftum scriethaeth
+(_wander to and fro_), 163.--Comp. ed-hwyrft.
+
+hycgan, w. v., _to think, resolve upon_: pret. sg. ic þaet hogode þaet ...
+(_my intention was that ..._), 633.--Comp. w. pres. part.: bealo-, heard-,
+swieth-, þanc-, wis-hycgend.
+
+for-hycgan, _to despise, scorn, reject with contempt_: pres. sg. I. ic þaet
+þonne for-hicge þaet ..., _reject with scorn the proposition that ..._, 435.
+
+ge-hycgan, _to think, determine upon_: pret. sg. þa þu ... feorr gehogodest
+saecce secean, 1989.
+
+ofer-hycgan, _to scorn_: pret. sg. ofer-hogode þa hringa fengel þaet he þone
+widflogan weorode gesohte (_scorned to seek the wide-flier with a host_),
+2346.
+
+hydig (for hygdig), adj., _thinking, of a certain mind_: comp. an-, bealo-,
+grom-, nieth-, þrist-hydig.
+
+ge-hygd, st. n., _thought, sentiment_: acc. sg. þurh hreethra gehygd,
+2046.--Comp.: breost-, mod-gehygd, won-hyd.
+
+hyge, hige, st. m., _mind, heart, thought_: nom. sg. hyge, 756; hige, 594;
+acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, 267; gen. sg. higes, 2046; dat. pl. higum, 3149.
+
+hyge-bend, st. m. f., _mind-fetter, heart-band_: instr. pl. hyge-bendum
+faest, _fast in his mind's fetters, secretly_, 1879.
+
+hyge-geomor, adj., _sad in mind_: nom. sg. hyge-giomor, 2409.
+
+hyge-meethe, adj.: 1) _sorrowful, soul-crushing_: nom. sg., 2443.--2)
+_life-weary, dead_: dat. pl. hyge-meethum (-maeethum, MS.), 2910.
+
+hyge-rof, adj., _brave, valiant, vigorous-minded_: nom. sg. [hygerof], 403;
+acc. sg. hige-rofne, 204.
+
+hyge-sorh, st. f., _heart-sorrow_: gen. pl. -sorga, 2329.
+
+hyge-þyhtig, adj., _doughty, courageous_: acc. sg. hige-þihtigne (of
+Beowulf), 747. See þyhtig.
+
+hyge-þrym, st. m., _animi majestas, high-mindedness_: dat. pl. for
+hige-þrymmum, 339.
+
+hyht, st. m., _thought, pleasant thought, hope_ (Dietrich): nom. sg., 179.
+
+ge-hyld (see healdan), st. n., _support, protection_: nom. sg., 3057.--Leo.
+
+hyldan, w. v., _to incline one's self, lie down to sleep_: pret. sg. hylde
+hine, _inclined himself, lay down_, 689.
+
+hyldo, st. f., _inclination, friendliness, grace_: acc. sg. hyldo, 2068,
+2294; gen. sg. hyldo, 671, 2999.
+
+a-hyrdan, w. v., _harden_: pret. part. a-hyrded, 1461.
+
+hyrde. See hirde.
+
+hyrst, st. f., _accoutrements, ornament, armor_: acc. sg. hyrste
+(Ongenþeow's _equipments and arms_), 2989; acc. pl. hyrsta, 3166; instr.
+pl. hyrstum, 2763.
+
+hyrstan, w. v., _to deck, adorn_: pret. part. hyrsted sweord, 673; helm
+[hyr]sted golde, 2256.
+
+hyrtan, w. v., _to take heart, be emboldened_: pret. sg. hyrte hyne
+hord-weard (_the drake took heart_; see 2566, 2568, 2570), 2594.
+
+hyse, st. m., _youth, young man_: nom. sg. as voc., 1218.
+
+hyt. See hit.
+
+hydan, w. v., _to hide, conceal, protect, preserve_: pres. subj. hyde
+[hine, _himself_] se þe wylle, 2767; inf. w. acc. no þu minne þearft
+hafalan hydan, 446; aer he in wille hafelan [hydan] (_ere in it he_ [the
+stag] _will hide his head_), 1373.
+
+ge-hydan, w. acc., _to conceal, preserve_: pret. sg. gehydde, 2236, 3060.
+
+hyeth, st. f., _haven_: dat. sg. aet hyethe, 32.
+
+hyeth-weard, st. m., _haven-warden_: nom. sg., 1915.
+
+hynan (see hean), w. v. w. acc., _to crush, afflict, injure_: pret. sg.
+hynde, 2320.
+
+hynethu, st. f., _oppression, affliction, injury_: acc. sg. hynethu, 277; gen.
+sg. hwaet ... hynetho, 475; fela ... hynetho, 594; gen. pl. heardra hynetha, 166.
+
+hyran, w. v.: 1) _to hear, perceive, learn_: a) w. inf. or acc. with inf.:
+I. pret. sg. hyrde ic, 38, 582, 1347, 1843, 2024; III. sg. þaet he fram
+Sigemunde secgan hyrde, 876; I. pl. swa we soethlice secgan hyrdon, 273. b)
+w. acc.: naenigne ic ... selran hyrde hordmaethethum (_I heard of no better
+hoard-jewel_), 1198. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hyrde ic þaet ...,
+62, 2164, 2173.--2) w. dat. of person, _to obey_: inf. oeth þaet him aeghwylc
+þara ymbsittendra hyran scolde, 10; hyran heaetho-siocum, 2755; Pret. pl. þaet
+him winemagas georne hyrdon, 66.
+
+ge-hyran, _to hear, learn_: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. minne gehyraeth
+anfealdne geþoht, 255; III. sg. pret. gehyrde on Beowulfe faestraedne geþoht,
+610. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehyrdon, 786. c) w. depend.
+clause: I. pres. sg. ic þaet gehyre þaet ..., 290.
+
+
+I
+
+ic, pers. pron. _I_: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. min; dual nom. wit, acc.
+uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. usic, us, dat. us, gen.
+user. ic omitted before the verb, 470.
+
+icge, _gold_ (perhaps related to Sanskrit ic, = dominare, imperare, O.H.G.
+eht, _wealth_, opes), _treasure?, sword_ (edge)?, 1108.--Koerner.
+
+ides, st. f., _woman, lady, queen_: nom. sg., 621, 1076, 1118, 1169; dat.
+sg. idese, 1650, 1942. Also of Grendel's mother: nom. sg., 1260; gen. sg.
+idese, 1352.
+
+in. See inn.
+
+in: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating rest), _in_:
+in geardum, 13, 2460; in þaem guethsele, 443; in beorsele, 2636; so, 89, 482,
+589, 696, 729, 2140, 2233, etc.; in maegetha gehwaere, 25; in þystrum, 87; in
+Caines cynne, 107; in hyra gryregeatwum (_in their accoutrements of terror,
+war-weeds_), 324; so, 395; in campe (_in battle_), 2506; hiora in anum (_in
+one of them_), 2600. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, 19. Also, _on,
+upon_, like on: in ealo-bence, 1030; in gumstole, 1953; in þam wongstede
+(_on the grassy plain, the battle-field_), 2787; in baelstede, 3098.
+Temporal: in gear-dagum, 1.--2) w. acc. (local, indicating motion), _in,
+into_: in woruld, 60; in fyres faeethm, 185; so, 1211; in Hrefnesholt, 2936.
+Temporal, _in, at, about, toward_: in þa tide (in watide, MS.), 2228.
+
+II. adv., _in_ (here or there), 386, 1038, 1372, 1503, 1645, 2153, 2191,
+2228; inn, 3091.
+
+incge, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lafe (_with the
+costly sword_ ? or _with mighty sword_?), 2578.--[_Edge_: incge lafe, _edge
+of the sword_.--K. Koerner?]
+
+in-frod, adj., _very aged_: nom. sg., 2450; dat. sg. in-frodum, 1875.
+
+in-gang, st. m., _entrance, access to_: acc. sg., 1550.
+
+in-genga, w. m., _in-goer, visitor_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 1777.
+
+in-gesteald, st. m., _house-property, possessions in the house_: acc. sg.,
+1156.
+
+inn, st. n., _apartment, house_: nom. sg. in, 1301.
+
+innan, adv., _within, inside_, 775, 1018, 2413, 2720; on innan (_in the
+interior_), _within_, 1741, 2716; þaer on innan (_in there_), 71; burgum on
+innan (_within his city_), 1969. Also, _therein_: þaer on innan, 2090, 2215,
+2245.
+
+innan-weard, adv., _inwards, inside, within_, 992, 1977; inne-weard, 999.
+
+inne, adv.: 1) _inside, within_, 643, 1282, 1571, 2114, 3060; word inne
+abead (_called, sent word, in_, i.e. standing in the hall door), 390; _in
+it_ (i.e. the battle), 1142; þaer inne (_therein_), 118, 1618, 2116, 2227,
+3088.--2) = _insuper, still further, besides_, 1867.
+
+inwit, st. n., _evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility_, as in
+
+inwit-feng, st. m., _malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning foe_: nom. sg.,
+1448.
+
+inwit-gaest, st. m., _evil guest, hostile stranger_: nom. sg., 2671.
+
+inwit-hrof, st. m., _hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning foe_: acc. sg.
+under inwit-hrof, 3124.
+
+inwit-net, st. n., _mischief-net, cunning snare_: acc. sg., 2168.
+
+inwit-nieth, st. n., _cunning hostility, hostile contest_: nom. pl.
+inwit-niethas (_hostility through secret attack_), 1859; gen. pl. inwit-nietha,
+1948.
+
+inwit-scear, st. m., _massacre through cunning, murderous attack_: acc. sg.
+eatolne inwit-scear, 2479.
+
+inwit-searo, st. n., _cunning, artful intrigue_: acc. sg. þurh inwit-searo,
+1102. See searo.
+
+inwit-sorh, st. f., _grief, remorse, mourning springing from hostile
+cunning_: nom. sg., 1737; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, 832.
+
+inwit-þanc, adj., _ill-disposed, malicious_: dat. sg. he onfeng hraethe
+inwit-þancum (_he quickly grasped the cunning-in-mind_ [Grendel]), 749.
+
+irnan (for rinnan), st. v., _to run_: so be-irnan, _to run up to_, occur_:
+pret. sg him on mod be-arn (_came into his mind_), 67.
+
+on-irnan, _to open_: pret. sg. duru sona onarn, 722.
+
+irre-mod, adj. See yrre-mod.
+
+
+I
+
+idel, adj., _empty, bare; deprived of_: nom. sg., 145, 413; w. gen.
+lond-rihtes þaere maegburge idel (_deprived of his land-possessions among the
+people_ [of the Geatas]), 2889.
+
+idel-hende, adj., _empty-handed_, 2082.
+
+iren, st. n., _iron, sword_: nom. sg. dryhtlic iren (_the doughty, lordly
+sword_), 893; iren aer-god, 990; acc. sg. leoflic iren, 1810; gen. pl. irena
+cyst (_choicest of swords_), 674; irenna cyst, 803; irenna ecge (_edges of
+swords_), 2684.
+
+iren, adj., _of iron_: nom. sg. ecg waes iren, 1460.
+
+iren-bend, st. f., _iron band, bond, rivet_: instr. pl. iren-bendum faest
+(bold), 775, 999.
+
+iren-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. iren-byrnan, 2987. See
+isern-byrne.
+
+iren-heard, adj., _hard as iron_: nom. sg., 1113.
+
+irenne, adj., _of iron_: in comp. eall-irenne.
+
+iren-þreat, st. m., _iron troop, armored band_: nom. sg., 330.
+
+is, st. n., _ice_: dat. sg. ise, 1609.
+
+isern-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. isern-byrnan, 672. See
+iren-byrne.
+
+isern-scur, st. f., _iron shower, shower of arrows_: gen. sg. þone þe oft
+gebad isern-scure, 3117.
+
+is-gebind, st. n., _fetters of ice_: instr. sg. is-gebinde, 1134.
+
+isig, adj., _shining, brilliant_ (like brass): nom. sg. isig (said of a
+vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), 33.--Leo.
+
+IO IU
+
+iu. See geo.
+
+iu-man. See geo-man.
+
+io-meowle. See geo-meowle.
+
+
+L
+
+laethu, st. f., _invitation_.--Comp.: freond-, neod-laethu.
+
+ge-lafian, w. v. w. acc. pers. and instr. of the thing, _to refresh, lave_:
+pret. sg. wine-dryhten his waetere gelafede, 2723.
+
+lagu, st. m., _lake, sea_: nom. sg., 1631.
+
+lagu-craeftig, adj., _acquainted with the sea_: nom. sg. lagu-craeftig mon
+(_pilot_), 209.
+
+lagu-straet, st. f., _path over the sea_: acc. sg. ofer lagu-straete, 239.
+
+lagu-stream, st. m., _sea-current, flood_: acc. pl. ofer lagu-streamas,
+297.
+
+land, st. n., _land_: nom. sg. lond, 2198; acc. sg. land, 221, 2063; lond,
+2472, 2493; land Dena, 242, 253; lond Brondinga, 521; Finna land, 580; dat.
+sg. on lande (_in the land_), 2311, 2837; _at near, land, shore_, 1914; to
+lande (_to the land, ashore_), 1624; gen. sg. landes, 2996; gen. pl. ofer
+landa fela (_over much country, space; afar_), 31l.--Comp.: el-, ea-land.
+
+land-buend, part, pres., terricola, _inhabitant of the land_: nom. pl.
+lond-buend, 1346; dat. pl. land-buendum, 95.
+
+land-fruma, w. m., _ruler, prince of the country_: nom. sg., 31.
+
+land-gemyrcu, st. n. pl., _frontier, land-mark_: acc. pl., 209.
+
+land-geweorc, st. n., _land-work, fortified place_: acc. sg. leoda
+land-geweorc, 939. See weorc, geweorc.
+
+land-riht, st. n., _prerogatives based upon land-possessions, right to
+possess land_, hence _real estate_ itself: gen. sg. lond-rihtes idel, 2887.
+
+land-waru, st. f., _inhabitants, population_: acc. pl. land-wara, 2322.
+
+land-weard, st. m., _guard, guardian of the frontier_: nom. sg., 1891.
+
+lang, long, adj., _long_: 1) temporal: nom. sg. to lang, 2094; naes þa long
+(lang) to þon (_not long after_), 2592, 2846; acc. sg. lange hwile (_for a
+long time_), 16, 2160, 2781; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114, 1258; lange tid,
+1916. Compar. nom. sg. lengra fyrst, 134.--2) local, nom. sg. se waes
+fiftiges fotgemearces lang, 3044.--Comp.: and-, morgen-, niht-, up-lang.
+
+lange, longe, adv., _long_: lange, 31, 1995, 2131, 2345, 2424; longe, 1062,
+2752, 3109; to lange (_too long, excessively long_), 906, 1337, 1749.
+Compar. leng, 451, 1855, 2802, 3065; no þy leng (_none the longer_), 975.
+Superl. lengest (_longest_), 2009, 2239.
+
+ge-lang, adj., _extending, reaching to something_ or _somebody_, hence
+_ready, prepared_: nu is raed gelang eft aet þe anum (_now is help [counsel]
+at hand in thee alone_), 1377; gen is eall aet þe lissa gelong (_all of
+favor is still on thee dependent, is thine_), 2151. See ge-lenge.
+
+lang-ge-streon, st. n., _long-lasting treasure_: gen. pl. long-gestreona,
+2241.--Leo.
+
+langian, w. v., reflex, w. dat, _to long, yearn_: pres. sg. III. him
+...aefter deorum men dyrne langaeth beorn (_the hero longeth secretly after
+the dear man_), 1880.
+
+lang-sum, adj., _long-lasting, continuing_: nom. sg. longsum, 134, 192,
+1723; acc. sg. long-sumne, 1537.
+
+lang-twidig, adj., _long-granted, assured_: nom. sg., 1709.
+
+lata, w. m., _a lazy, cowardly one_; in comp. hild-lata.
+
+la, interj., _yes! indeed!_ 1701, 2865.
+
+lac, st. n.: 1) _measured movement, play_: in comp. beadu-, heaetho-lac.--2)
+_gift, offering_: acc. pl. lac, 1864; laethlicu lac (_loathly offering,
+prey_), 1585; dat. pl. lacum, 43, 1869.--Comp. sae-lac.
+
+ge-lac, st. n., _sport, play_: acc. pl. sweorda gelac (_battle_), 1041;
+dat. pl. aet ecga gelacum, 1169.
+
+lacan, st. v., _to move in measured time, dancing, playing, fighting,
+flying_, etc.: inf. dareethum lacan (_fight_), 2849; part. pres. aefter lyfte
+lacende (_flying through the air_), 2833.
+
+for-lacan, _to deceive, betray_: part, pret. he weareth on feonda geweald
+foreth forlacen (_deceitfully betrayed into the enemy's hands_), 904.
+
+lad, st. f., _street, way, journey_: dat. sg. on lade, 1988; gen. sg. lade,
+569.--Comp.: brim-, sae-lad.
+
+ge-lad, st. n., _way, path, road_: acc. sg. uncueth gelad, 1411.
+
+laeth, adj., _loathly, evil, hateful, hostile_: nom. sg. laeth, 816; laeth
+lyft-floga, 2316; laeth (_enemy_), 440; ne leof ne laeth, 511; neut. laeth, 134,
+192; in weak form, se laetha (of the dragon), 2306; acc. sg. laethne (wyrm),
+3041; dat. sg. laethum, 440, 1258; gen. sg. laethes (of the enemy), 842; fela
+laethes (_much evil_), 930; so, 1062; laethan liges, 83; laethan cynnes, 2009,
+2355; þaes laethan (of the enemy), 132; acc. pl. neut. laeth gewidru (_hateful
+storms_), 1376; dat. instr. pl. wieth laethum, 550; laethum scuccum and scinnum,
+939; laethum daedum (_with evil deeds_), 2468; laethan fingrum, 1506; gen. pl.
+laethra manna, spella, 2673, 3030; laethra (_the enemy_), 242. Compar. nom. sg.
+laethra ... beorn, 2433.
+
+laeth-bite, st. m., _hostile bite_: dat. sg. laeth-bite lices (_the body's
+hostile bite_ = the wound), 1123.
+
+laeth-geteona, w. m., _evil-doer, injurer_: nom. sg., 975; nom. pl.
+laeth-geteonan, 559.
+
+laeth-lic, adj., _loathly, hostile_: acc. pl. laeth-licu, 1585.
+
+laf, st. f.: 1) _what is left, relic; inheritance, heritage, legacy_: nom.
+sg. Hreethlan laf (Beowulf's corselet), 454; nom. pl. fela lafe (_the
+leavings of files_ = swords, Grein), 1033; so, homera lafe, 2830; on him
+gladiaeth gomelra lafe, heard and hringmael Heaethobeardna gestreon (_on him
+gleams the forefather's bequest, hard and ring-decked, the Heaethobeardas'
+treasure_, i.e. the equipments taken from the slain king of the
+Heaethobeardas), 2037; acc. sg. sweorda lafe (_leavings of the sword_, i.e.
+those spared by the sword), 2937.--2) _the sword as a specially precious
+heir-loom_: nom. sg., 2629; acc. sg. lafe, 796, 1489, 1689, 2192, 2564;
+instr. sg. incge lafe, 2578.--Comp.: ende-, eormen-, wea-, yrfe-, yeth-laf.
+
+lar, st. f., _lore, instruction, prescription_: dat. sg. be faeder lare,
+1951; gen. pl. lara, 1221; larena, 269.--Comp. freond-lar.
+
+last, st. m., _footstep, track_: acc. sg. last, 132, 972, 2165; on last
+(_on the traces of, behind_), 2946; nom. pl. lastas, 1403; acc. pl. lastas,
+842.--Comp.: feethe-, feorh-, fot-, wraec-last.
+
+laeger. See leger.
+
+lager-bed, st. n., _bed to lie on_ : instr. sg. leger-bedde, 1008.
+
+laes, adj., _less_, 1947; þy laes (_the less_), 487; conjunct, _that not,
+lest_, 1919.
+
+laessa, adj., _less, fewer_: nom. sg. laessa, 1283; acc. sg. m. laessan, 43;
+fem, laessan hwile, 2572; dat. sg. for laessan (_for less, smaller_), 952.
+Superl. nom. sg. no þaet laesest waes hond-gemot[a], 2355.
+
+laet, adj., _negligent, neglectful_; w. gen.: nom. sg. elnes laet, 1530.
+
+laedan, w. v. w. acc.: _to lead, guide, bring_: inf. laedan, 239; pret. pl.
+laeddon, 1160.
+
+for-1aedan, _to mislead_: pret. pl. for-laeddan, 2440 (?).
+
+ge-laedan, _lead, bring_: part. pret. ge-laeded, 37.
+
+laefan, w. v.: 1), _to bequeathe, leave_: imper. sg. þinum magum laef folc
+and rice, 1179; pret. sg. eaferum laefde ... lond and leodbyrig, 2471.--2)
+_spare, leave behind_: aht cwices laefan (_to spare aught living_), 2316.
+
+laen-dagas, st. m. pl., _loan-days, transitory days_ (of earthly existence
+as contrasted with the heavenly, unending): acc. pl. laen-dagas, 2592; gen.
+pl. laen-daga, 2342.
+
+laene, adj., _inconstant, perishable, evanescent, given over to death or
+destruction_: nom. sg., 1755, 3179; acc. sg. of rust-eaten treasures, 3130;
+þas laenan gesceaft (_this fleeting life_), 1623; gen. sg. laenan lifes,
+2846.
+
+laeran, w. v., _to teach, instruct_: imper. sg. þu þe laer be þon (_learn
+this, take this to heart_), 1723.
+
+ge-laeran, _to teach, instruct, give instruction_: inf. ic þaes Hroethgar maeg
+... raed gelaeran (_I can give H. good advice about this_), 278; so, 3080;
+pret. pl. þa me þaet ge-laerdon leode mine (_gave me the advice_), 415.
+
+laestan, w. v.: 1) _to follow, to sustain, serve_: inf. þaet him se lic-homa
+laestan nolde (_that his body would not sustain him_), 813.--2) _perform_:
+imper. laest eall tela (_do all well_), 2664.
+
+ge-laestan: 1) _to follow, serve_: pret. sg. (sweord) þaet mec aer and oft
+gelaeste, 2501.--2) _to fulfil, grant_: subj. pres. pl. þaet ... wilgesiethas,
+þonne wig cume, leode gelaestan (_render war service_), 24; inf. ic þe sceal
+mine gelaestan freode (_shall grant thee my friendship, be grateful_), 1707;
+pret. sg. beot ... gelaeste (_fulfilled his boast_), 524; gelaeste swa (_kept
+his word_), 2991; pres. part. haefde East-Denum ... gilp gelaested (_had
+fulfilled for the East Danes his boast_), 830.
+
+laetan, st. v., _to let, allow_, w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. III. laeteeth,
+1729; imper. pl. II. laetaeth, 397; sg. II. laet, 1489; pret. sg. let, 2390,
+2551, 2978, 3151(?); pret. pl. leton, 48, 865, 3133; subj. pret. sg. II.
+lete, 1997; sg. III. lete, 3083.
+
+a-laetan: 1) _to let, allow_: subj. pres. sg. II. þaet þu ne alaete ... dom
+ge-dreosan, 2666.--2) _to leave, lay aside_: inf. alaetan laen-dagas (_die_)
+2592; so, alaetan lif and leodscipe, 2751.
+
+for-laetan: 1) _to let, permit_, w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg. for-let, 971;
+pret. pl. for-leton, 3168. Also with inf. omitted: inf. nolde eorla hleo
+... þone cwealmcuman cwicne (i.e. wesan) forlaetan (_would not let the
+murderous spirit go alive_), 793.--2) _to leave behind, leave_: pret. sg.
+in þam wong-stede ... þaer he hine aer forlet (_where he had previously left
+him_), 2788.
+
+of-laetan, _to leave, lay aside_: pres. sg. II. gyf þu aer þonne he worold
+oflaetest (_leavest the world, diest_), 1184; so pret. sg. oflet lif-dagas
+and þas laenan gesceaft, 1623.
+
+on-laetan, _to release, liberate_: pres. sg. III. þonne forstes bend faeder
+on-laeteeth (_as soon as the Father looseth the frost's fetters_), 1610.
+
+a-lecgan, w. v.: 1) _to lay, lay down_: pret. sg. syethethan hilde-deor hond
+a-legde ... under geapne hrof, 835; þaet he on Beowulfes bearm a-legde
+(_this_ [the sword] _he laid in B.'s bosom, presented to him_), 2195; pret.
+pl. a-ledon þa leofne þeoden ... on bearm scipes, 34; a-legdon þa to middes
+maerne þeoden _(laid the mighty prince in the midst_ [of the pyre]),
+3142.--2) _to lay aside, give up_: siethethan ... in fen-freoetho feorh a-legde
+(_laid down his life, died_), 852; nu se here-wisa hleahtor a-legde, gamen
+and gleo-dream _(now the war-chief has left laughter_, etc.), 3021.
+
+leger, st. n., _couch, bed, lair_: dat. sg. on legere, 3044.
+
+lemian, w. v., _to lame, hinder, oppress_: pret. sg. (for pl.) hine
+sorh-wylmas lemede to lange, 906. MS.
+
+leng. See lang.
+
+lenge, adj., _extending along_ or _to, near_ (of time): nom. sg. neut. ne
+waes hit lenge þa gen (_nor was it yet long_), 83.
+
+ge-lenge, adj., _extending, reaching to, belonging_: nom. sg. yrfe-weard
+... lice gelenge (_an heir belonging to one's body_), 2733.
+
+let, st. m., _place of rest, sojourn?_ in comp. eo-let (_voyage?_).
+
+lettan, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. pl. (acc. pers. and gen. thing), þaet
+syethethan na ... brim-liethende lade ne letton (_might no longer hinder
+seafarers from journeying_), 569.
+
+a-ledon. See a-lecgan.
+
+leg, st. m., _flame, fire_: nom. sg. wonna leg (_the lurid flame_), 3116;
+swogende leg, 3146; dat. sg. for dracan lege, 2550. See lig.
+
+leg-draca, w. m., _fire-drake, flaming dragon_: nom. sg., 3041.
+
+*leahan, lean, st. v. w. acc. _to scold, blame_: pres. sg. III. lyheth, 1049;
+pret. sg. log, 1812; pret. pl. logon, 203, 863.
+
+be-lean, _to dissuade, prevent_: inf. ne inc aenig mon ... belean mihte
+sorhfullne sieth (_no one might dissuade you twain from your difficult
+journey_), 511.
+
+leahtre. See or-leahtre.
+
+leaf, st. n., _leaf, foliage_: instr. pl. leafum, 97.
+
+leafnes-word, st. n., _permission, leave_: acc. pl., 245.
+
+lean. See leahan.
+
+lean, st. n., _reward, compensation_: acc. sg., 114, 952, 1221, 1585, 2392;
+dat. sg. leane, 1022. Often in the pl.: acc. þa lean, 2996; dat. þam
+leanum, 2146; gen. leana, 2991.--Comp.: and-, ende-lean.
+
+lean (for laen, O.H.G. lehan), st. n, _loan_, 1810.
+
+leanian, w. v., _to reward, compensate_: pres. sg. I. ic þe þa faehethe feo
+leanige (_repay thee for the contest with old-time treasures_), 1381; pret.
+sg. me þone wael-raes wine Scyldinga faettan golde fela leanode (_the friend
+of the Scyldings rewarded me richly for the combat with plated gold_),
+2103.
+
+leas, adj., _false_: nom. pl. lease, 253.
+
+leas, adj., _deprived of, free from_, w. gen.: nom. sg. dreama leas, 851;
+dat. sg. winigea leasum, 1665.--Comp.: dom-, dream-, ealdor-, feoh-,
+feormend-, hlaford-, sawol-, sige-, sorh-, tir-, þeoden-, wine-, wyn-leas.
+
+leasig, adj., _concealing one's self_; in comp. sin-leasig(?).
+
+leoetho-craeft, st. m., _the art of weaving_ or _working in meshes, wire_,
+etc.: instr. pl. segn eall-gylden ... gelocen leoetho-craeftum (_a banner all
+hand-wrought of interlaced gold_), 2770.
+
+leoetho-syrce, w. f., _shirt of mail (limb-sark)_: acc. sg. locene
+leoetho-syrcan (_locked linked sark_), 1506; acc. pl. locene leoetho-syrcan,
+1891.
+
+leomum. See lim.
+
+leornian, w. v., _to learn, devise, plan_: pret. him þaes gueth-cyning ...
+wraece leornode (_the war-king planned vengeance therefor_), 2337.
+
+leod, st. m., _prince_: nom. sg., 341, 348, 670, 830, 1433, 1493, 1613,
+1654, etc.; acc. leod, 626.
+
+leod, st. f., _people_: gen. sg. leode, 597, 600, 697. In pl. indicates
+_individuals, people, kinsmen_: nom. pl. leode, 362, 415, 1214, 2126, etc.;
+gum-cynnes Geata leode (_people of the race of the Geatas_), 260; acc. pl.
+leode, 192, 443, 1337, 1346, etc.; dat. pl. leodum, 389, 521, 619, 698,
+906, 1160, etc.; gen. pl. leoda, 205, 635, 794, 1674, 2034, etc.
+
+leod-bealo, st. n., (_mischief, misfortune affecting an entire people_),
+_great, unheard-of calamity_: acc. sg., 1723; gen. pl. leod-bealewa, 1947.
+
+leod-burh, st. f., _princely castle, stronghold of a ruler, chief city_:
+acc. pl. -byrig, 2472.
+
+leod-cyning, st. m., _king of the people_: nom. sg., 54.
+
+leod-fruma, w. m., _prince of the people, ruler_: acc. sg. leod-fruman,
+2131.
+
+leod-gebyrgea, w. m., _protector of the people, prince_: acc. sg.
+-gebyrgean, 269.
+
+leod-hryre, st. m., _fall, overthrow, of the prince, ruler_: dat. sg. aefter
+leod-hryre (_after the fall of the king of the Heaethobeardas_, Froda, cf.
+2051), 2031; gen. sg. þaes leod-hryres (of the fall of Heardred, cf. 2389),
+2392.
+
+leod-sceaetha, w. m., _injurer of the people_: dat. sg. þam leod-sceaethan,
+2094.
+
+leod-scipe, st. m., _the whole nation, people_: acc. sg., 2752; dat. sg. on
+þam leod-scipe, 2198.
+
+leoeth, st. n., _song, lay_: nom. sg., 1160.--Comp.: fyrd-, gryre-, gueth-,
+sorh-leoeth.
+
+leof, adj., _lief, dear_: nom. sg., 31, 54, 203, 511, 521, 1877, 2468; weak
+form m., leofa, 1217, 1484, 1855, 2664; acc. sg. m. leofne, 34, 297, 619,
+1944, 2128, 3109, 3143; gen. sg. leofes (m.), 1995, 2081, 2898; (neut.),
+1062, 2911; dat. pl. leofum, 1074; gen. pl. leofra, 1916. Compar. nom. sg.
+neut. leofre, 2652. Superl. nom. sg. m. leofost, 1297; acc. sg. þone
+leofestan, 2824.
+
+leoflic, _dear, precious, valued_: nom. sg. m. leoflic lind-wiga, 2604;
+acc. sg. neut. leoflic iren, 1810.
+
+leogan, st. v., _to lie, belie, deceive_. subj. pres. naefne him his wlite
+leoge (_unless his looks belie him_), 250; pret. sg. he ne leag fela wyrda
+ne worda, 3030.
+
+a-leogan, _to deceive, leave unfulfilled_: pret. sg. he beot ne a-leh (_he
+left not his promise unfulfilled_), 80.
+
+ge-leogan, _to deceive, betray_: pret. sg. him seo wen geleah (_hope
+deceived him_), 2324.
+
+leoht, st. n., _light, brilliance_: nom. sg., 569, 728, 1751 (?); acc. sg.
+sunnan leoht, 649; godes leoht geceas (_chose God's light, died_), 2470;
+dat. sg. to leohte, 95.--Comp.: aefen-, fyr-, morgen-leoht.
+
+leoht, adj., _luminous, bright_: instr. sg. leohtan sweorde, 2493.
+
+leoma, w. m.: 1) _light, splendor_: nom. sg., 311, 2770; acc. sg. leoman,
+1518; sunnan and monan leoman (_light of sun and moon_), 95.--2) (as beadu-
+and hilde-leoma), _the glittering sword_: nom. sg. lixte se leoma (_the
+blade-gleam flashed_), 1571.
+
+leosan, st. v., = amitti, in
+
+be-leosan, _to deprive, be deprived of_: pres. part. (heo) weareth beloren
+leofum bearnum and broethrum (_was deprived of her dear children and
+brethren_), 1074.
+
+for-leosan, with dat. instr., _to lose something_: pret. sg. þaer he dome
+for-leas, ellen-maerethum (_there lost he the glory, the repute, of his heroic
+deeds_), 1471; pret. sg. for pl. þam þe aer his elne for-leas (_to him who,
+before, had lost his valor_), 2862; part. pret. nealles ic þam leanum
+for-loren haefde (_not at all had I lost the rewards_), 2146.
+
+libban, w. v., _to live, be, exist_: pres. sing. III. lifaeth, 3169; lyfaeth,
+945; leofaeth, 975, 1367, 2009; subj. pres. sg. II. lifige, 1225; pres. part.
+lifigende, 816, 1954, 1974, 2063; dat. sg. be þe lifigendum (_in thy
+lifetime_), 2666; pret. sg. lifde, 57, 1258; lyfde, 2145; pret. pl. lifdon,
+99. See unlifigende.
+
+licgan, st. v.: 1) _to lie, lie down_ or _low_: pres. sg. nu seo hand ligeeth
+(_now the hand lies low_), 1344; nu se wyrm ligeeth, 2746, so 2904; inf.
+licgan, 3130; licgean, 967, 3083; pret. sg. laeg, 40, 552, 2078; syethethan
+Heardred laeg (_after Heardred had fallen_), 2389; pret. pl. lagon, 3049;
+laegon, 566.--2) _to lie prostrate, rest, fail_: pret. sg. naefre on ore laeg
+wid-cuethes wig (_never failed the far-famed one's valor at the front_),
+1042; syethethan wiether-gyld laeg (_after vengeance failed_, or, _when Withergyld
+lay dead_, if _W._ is a proper name), 2052.
+
+a-licgan, _to succumb, fail, yield_: inf. 2887; pret. sg. þaet his dom a-laeg
+(_that its power failed it_), 1529.
+
+ge-licgan, _to rest, lie still_: pret. sg. wind-blond gelaeg, 3147.
+
+lida, w. m., _boat, ship_ (as in motion); in comp.: sund-, yeth-lida.
+
+lid-man, st. m., _seafarer, sailor_: gen. pl. lid-manna, 1624.
+
+lim, st. n., _limb, branch_: instr. pl. leomum, 97.
+
+limpan, st. v., _to happen, befall_ (well or ill); impers. w. dat. pret.
+sg. hu lomp eow on lade (_how went it with you on the journey?_), 1988.
+
+a-limpan, _to come about, offer itself_: pret. sg. oeth þaet sael a-lamp (_till
+the opportunity presented itself_), 623; pret. part, þa him a-lumpen waes
+wistfylle wen (_since a hope of a full meal had befallen him_), 734.
+
+be-limpan, _to happen to, befall_: pret. sg. him sio sar belamp, 2469.
+
+ge-limpan, _to happen, occur, turn out_: pres. sg. III. hit eft gelimpeeth
+þaet..., 1754; subj. pres. þisse ansyne alwealdan þanc lungre gelimpe
+(_thanks to the Almighty forthwith for this sight!_), 930; pret. sg. him on
+fyrste gelamp þaet..., 76; swa him ful-oft gelamp (_as often happened to
+them_), 1253; þaes þe hire se willa gelamp þaet ... (_because her wish had
+been fulfilled_), 627; frofor eft gelamp sarig-modum, 2942; subj. pret. gif
+him þyslicu þearf gelumpe, 2638; pret. part. Denum eallum weareth ... willa
+gelumpen, 825.
+
+lind, st. f. (properly _linden_; here, a a wooden shield covered with
+linden-bark or pith): nom. sg., 2342; acc. sg. geolwe linde, 2611; acc. pl.
+linde, 2366.
+
+lind-gestealla, w. m., _shield-comrade, war-comrade_: nom. sg., 1974.
+
+lind-haebbend, pres. part., _provided with a shield_, i.e. warrior: nom. pl.
+-haebbende, 245; gen. pl. haebbendra, 1403.
+
+lind-plega, w. m., _shield-play_, i.e. battle: dat. sg. lind-plegan, 1074,
+2040.
+
+lind-wiga, w. m., _shield-fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 2604.
+
+linnan, st. v., _to depart, be deprived of_: inf. aldre linnan (_depart
+from life_), 1479; ealdres linnan, 2444.
+
+lis, st. f., _favor, affection_: gen. pl. eall ... lissa, 2151.
+
+list, st. m., _art, skill, cleverness, cunning_: dat. pl. adverbial, listum
+(_cunningly_), 782.
+
+lixan, w. v., _to shine, flash_: pret. sg. lixte, 311, 485, 1571.
+
+lic, st. n.: 1) _body, corpse_: nom. sg., 967; acc. sg. lic, 2081; þaet lic
+(_the body, corpse_), 2128; dat. sg. lice, 734, 1504, 2424, 2572, 2733,
+2744; gen. sg. lices, 451, 1123.-- 2) _form, figure_: in comp. eofor-,
+swin-lic.
+
+ge-lic, adj., _like, similar_: nom. pl. m. ge-lice, 2165. Superl.
+ge-licost, 218, 728, 986, 1609.
+
+lic-hama, -homa, w. m. _(body-home, garment), body_: nom. sg. lic-homa,
+813, 1008, 1755; acc. sg. lic-haman, 2652; dat. sg. lic-haman, 3179.
+
+lician, w. v., _to please, like_ (impers.): pres. sg. III. me þin mod-sefa
+licaeth leng swa wel, 1855; pret. pl. þam wife þa word wel licodon, 640.
+
+licnes. See on-licnes.
+
+lic-sar, st. n., _bodily pain_: acc. sg. lic-sar, 816.
+
+lic-syrce, w. f., _body-sark, shirt of mail covering the body_: nom. sg.,
+550.
+
+1iethan, st. v., _to move, go_: pres. part. nom. pl. þa liethende (_navigantes,
+sailors_), 221; þa waes sund liden (_the water was then traversed_),
+223.--Comp.: heaethu-, mere-, waeg-liethend.
+
+liethe (O.H.G. lindi), adj., _gentle, mild, friendly_: nom. sg. w. instr.
+gen. lara liethe, 1221. Superl. nom. sg. liethost, 3184.
+
+lieth-waege, st. n., _can in which lieth_ (a wine-like, foaming drink) _is
+contained_: acc. sg., 1983.
+
+lif, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. lif, 97, 734, 1537, 2424, 2744, 2752; dat.
+sg. life, 2572; to life (_in one's life, ever_) 2433; gen. sg. lifes, 197,
+791, 807, 2824, 2846; worolde lifes (_of the earthly life_), 1388,
+2344.--Comp. edwit-lif.
+
+lif-bysig, adj. _(striving for life or death), weary of life, in torment of
+death_: nom. sg., 967.
+
+lif-dagas, st. m. pl., _lifetime_: acc.-dagas, 794, 1623.
+
+lif-frea, w. m., _lord of life, God_: nom. sg., 16.
+
+lif-gedal, st. n., _separation from life_: nom. sg., 842.
+
+lif-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, destiny_: gen. pl.-gesceafta, 1954, 3065.
+
+lif-wraethu, st. f., _protection for one's life, safety_: acc. sg. lif-wraethe,
+2878; dat. sg. to lif-wraethe, 972.
+
+lif-wyn, st. f., _pleasure, enjoyment, joy_ (of life): gen. pl. lif-wynna,
+2098.
+
+lig, st. m. n., _flame, fire_: nom. sg., 1123; dat. instr. sg. lige, 728,
+2306, 2322, 2342; gen. sg. liges, 83, 782. See leg.
+
+lig-draca, w. m., _ fire-drake, flaming dragon_; nom. pl., 2334. See
+leg-draca.
+
+lig-egesa, w. m., _horror arising through fire, flaming terror_: acc. sg.,
+2781.
+
+lige-torn, st. m., _false, pretended insult_ or _injury, fierce anger_(?):
+dat. sg. aefter lige-torne _(on account of a pretended insult?_ or _fierce
+anger?_ cf. Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 208), 1944.
+
+lig-yeth, st. m., _wave of fire_: instr. pl. lig-yethum, 2673.
+
+leon, st. v., _to lend_: pret. sg. þaet him on þearfe lah þyle Hroethgares
+(_which H.'s spokesman lent him in need_), 1457.
+
+on-leoon, _to lend, grant as a loan_, with gen. of thing and dat. pers.:
+pret. sg. þa he þaes waepnes on-lah selran sweord-frecan, 1468.
+
+loca, w. m., _bolt, lock_: in comp. ban-, burh-loca.
+
+locen. See lucan.
+
+lond, long. See land, lang.
+
+lof, st. m. n., _praise, repute_: acc. sg. lof, 1537.
+
+lof-daed, st. f., _deed of praise_: instr. pl. lof-daedum, 24.
+
+lof-georn, adj., _eager for praise, ambitious_: superl. nom. sg.
+lof-geornost, 3184.
+
+loga, w. m., _liar_; in comp. treow-loga.
+
+losian, w. v., _to escape, flee_: pres. sg. III. losaeth, 1393, 2063; pret.
+sg. he on weg losade (_fled away_), 2097.
+
+locian, w. v., _to see, look at_: pres. sg. II. sae-lac ... þe þu her to
+locast (_booty of the sea that thou lookest on_), 1655.
+
+ge-lome, adv., _often, frequently_, 559.
+
+lufe, w. f., _love_: in comp. heah-, mod-, wif-lufe.
+
+lufa (cf. and-leofa, big-leofa, _nourishment_), w. m., _food, subsistence;
+property, real estate_: acc. sg. on lufan (_on possessions_), 1729.--Comp.
+eard-lufa.
+
+lufen, st. f. (cf. lufa), _subsistence, food; real estate, (enjoyment?)_:
+nom. sg. lufen (parallel with eethel-wyn), 2887.
+
+luf-tacen, st. n., _love-token_: acc. pl. luf-tacen, 1864.
+
+lufian, w. v., _to love, serve affectionately_: pret. sg. III. lufode þa
+leode (_was on affectionate terms with the people_), 1983.
+
+lungre, adv.: 1) _hastily, quickly, forthwith_, 930, 1631, 2311, 2744.--2)
+_quite, very, fully_: feower mearas lungre gelice (_four horses quite
+alike_), 2165.
+
+lust, st. m., _pleasure, joy_: dat. pl. adv. lustum (_joyfully_), 1654; so,
+on lust, 619, cf. 600.
+
+lucan, st. v., _to twist, wind, lock, interweave_: pret. part. acc. sg. and
+pl. locene leoetho-syrcan (_shirt of mail wrought of meshes or rings
+interlocked_), 1506, 1891; gen. pl. locenra beaga (_rings wrought of gold
+wire_), 2996.
+
+be-lucan: 1) _to shut, close in or around_: pret. sg. winter yethe be-leac
+is-gebinde (_winter locked the waves with icy bond_), 1133.-- 2) _to shut
+in, off, preserve, protect_: pret. sg. I. hig wige beleac manegum maegetha (_I
+shut them in, protected them, from war arising from many a tribe_), 1771.
+Cf. me wige beluc wraethum feondum (_protect me against mine enemies_), Ps.
+34, 3.
+
+ge-lucan, _to unite, link together, make_: pret. part. gelocen, 2770.
+
+on-lucan, _to unlock, open_: pret. sg. word-hord on-leac (_opened the
+word-hoard, treasure of speech_), 259.
+
+to-lucan, _(to twist, wrench, in two) to destroy_: inf., 782.
+
+lyft, st. f. (m. n.?), _air_: nom. sg., 1376; dat. sg. aefter lyfte (_along,
+through, the air_), 2833.
+
+lyft-floga, w. m., _air-flier_: nom. sg. (of the dragon), 2316.
+
+lyft-geswenced, pret. part., _urged, hastened on, by the wind_, 1914.
+
+lyft-wyn, st. f., _enjoyment of the air_: acc. sg. lyft-wynne, 3044.
+
+lyheth. See leahan.
+
+lystan, w. v., _to lust after, long for_: pret. sg. Geat ungemetes wel ...
+restan lyste(_the Geat_ [Beowulf] _longed sorely to rest_), 1794.
+
+lyt, adj. neut. (= parum), _little, very little, few_: lyt eft becwom ...
+hames niosan (_few escaped homeward_), 2366; lyt aenig (_none at all_),
+3130; usually with gen.: wintra lyt, 1928; lyt ... heafod-maga, 2151;
+wergendra to lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; lyt swigode niwra spella (_he
+kept to himself little, none at all, of the new tidings_), 2898; dat. sg.
+lyt manna (_too few of men_), 2837.
+
+lytel, adj., _small, little_: nom. sg. neut. to lytel, 1749; acc. sg. f.
+lytle hwile (_a little while_), 2031, 2098; lif-wraethe lytle (_little
+protection for his life_), 2878.--Comp. un-lytel.
+
+lyt-hwon, adv., _little = not at all_: lyt-hwon logon, 204.
+
+lyfe, st. n., _leave, permission, (life?)_: instr. sg. þine lyfe (life,
+MS.), 2132.--Leo. Cf. O.N. leyfi, n., _leave, permission_, in Moebius'
+Glossary, p. 266.
+
+lyfan, w. v., (fundamental meaning _to believe, trust_) in
+
+a-lyfan, _to allow, grant, entrust_: pret. sg. naefre ic aenegum men aer
+alyfde ... þryeth-aern Dena (_never before to any man have I entrusted the
+palace of the Danes_), 656; pret. part. (þa me waes) sieth ... alyfed inn
+under eoreth-weall (_the way in under the wall of earth was allowed me_),
+3090.
+
+ge-lyfan, w. v., _to believe, trust_: 1) w. dat.: inf. þaer gelyfan sceal
+dryhtnes dome se þe hine deaeth nimeeth (_whomever death carrieth away, shall
+believe it to be the judgment of God_, i.e. in the contest between Beowulf
+and Grendel), 440.--2) w. acc.: pret. sg. geoce gelyfde brego Beorht-Dena
+(_believed in, expected, help_, etc.), 609; þaet heo on aenigne eorl gelyfde
+fyrena frofre (_that she at last should expect from any earl comfort, help,
+out of these troubles_), 628; se þe him bealwa to bote gelyfde (_who
+trusted in him as a help out of evils_), 910; him to anwaldan are gelyfde
+(_relied for himself on the help of God_), 1273.
+
+a-lysan, w. v., _to loose, liberate_: pret. part. þa waes of þaem hroran helm
+and byrne lungre a-lysed (_helm and corselet were straightway loosed from
+him_), 1631.
+
+
+M
+
+maethelian, w. v. (sermocinari), _to speak, talk_: pret. sg. maethelode, 286,
+348, 360, 371, 405, 456, 499, etc.; maethelade, 2426.
+
+maga, w. m., _son, male descendant, young man_: nom. sg. maga Healfdenes
+(Hroethgar), 189, 1475, 2144; maga Ecgþeowes (Beowulf), 2588: maga (Grendel),
+979; se maga geonga (Wiglaf), 2676; Grendeles maga (_a relative of
+Grendel_), 2007; acc. sg. þone magan, 944.
+
+magan, v. with pret.-pres. form, _to be able_: pres. sg. I. III. maeg, 277,
+478, 931, 943, 1485, 1734, etc.; II. meaht þu, 2048; subj. pres. maege,
+2531, 2750; þeah ic eal maege (_even though I could_), 681; subj. pl. we
+maegen, 2655; pret. sg. meahte, 542, 755, 1131, 1660, 2465, etc.; mihte,
+190, 207, 462, 511, 571, 657, 1509, 2092, 2610; mehte, 1083, 1497, 1516,
+1878; pl. meahton, 649, 942, 1455, 1912, 2374, 3080; mihton, 308, 313,
+2684, 3164; subj. pret. sg. meahte, 243, 763, 2521; pres. sg. maeg,
+sometimes = licet, _may, can, will_ (fut.), 1366, 1701, 1838, 2865.
+
+mago (Goth. magu-s), st. m., _male, son_: nom. sg. mago Ecglafes (Hunfereth),
+1466; mago Healfdenes (Hroethgar), 1868, 2012.
+
+mago-dryht, st. f., _troop of young men, band of men_: nom. sg. mago-driht,
+67.
+
+mago-rinc, st. m., _hero, man_ (preeminently): gen. pl. mago-rinca, heap,
+731.
+
+magu-þegn, mago-þegn, st. m., _vassal, war-thane_: nom. sg. 408, 2758; dat.
+sg. magu-þegne, 2080; acc. pl. magu-þegnas, 293; dat. pl. mago-þegnum,
+1481; gen. pl. mago-þegna ... þone selestan (_the best of vassals_), 1406.
+
+man, mon, st. m.: 1) _man, human being_: nom. sg. man, 25, 503, 534, 1049,
+1354, 1399, 1535, 1877, etc.; mon, 209, 510, 1561, 1646, 2282, etc.; acc.
+sg. w. mannan, 297, 577, 1944, 2128, 2775; wid-cuethne man, 1490; dat. sg.
+men, 656, 753, 1880; menn, 2190; gen. sg. mannes, 1195 (?), 2081, 2534,
+2542; monnes, 1730; nom. pl. men, 50, 162, 233, 1635, 3167; acc. pl. men,
+69, 337, 1583, 1718; dat. pl. mannum, 3183; gen. pl. manna, 155, 201, 380,
+702, 713, 736, etc.; monna, 1414, 2888.--2) indef. pron. = _one, they,
+people_ (Germ. _man_): man, 1173, 1176; mon, 2356, 3177.--Comp.: fyrn-,
+gleo-, gum-, iu-, lid-, sae-, waepned-man.
+
+man. See munan.
+
+man-cyn, st. n., _mankind_: dat. sg. man-cynne, 110; gen. sg. man-cynnes,
+164, 2182; mon-cynnes, 196, 1956.
+
+man-dream, st. m., _human joy, mundi voluptas_: acc. sg. man-dream, 1265;
+dat. pl. mon-dreamum, 1716.
+
+man-dryhten, st. m. (_lord of men_), _ruler of the people, prince, king_:
+nom. sg. man-dryhten, 1979, 2648; mon-drihten, 436; mon-dryhten, 2866; acc.
+sg. mon-dryhten, 2605; dat. sg. man-drihtne, 1230; man-dryhtne, 1250, 2282;
+gen. sg. man-dryhtnes, 2850; mon-dryhtnes, 3150.
+
+ge-mang, st. m., _troop, company_: dat. sg. on gemonge (_in the troop_ [of
+the fourteen Geatas that returned from the sea]), 1644.
+
+manian, w. v., _to warn, admonish_: pres. sg. III. manaeth swa and myndgaeth
+... sarum wordum (_so warneth and remindeth he with bitter words_), 2058.
+
+manig, monig, adj., _many, many a, much_: 1) adjectively: nom. sg. rinc
+manig, 399; geong manig (_many a young man_), 855; monig snellic sae-rinc,
+690; medu-benc monig, 777; so 839, 909, 919, 1511, 2763, 3023, etc.; acc.
+sg. medo-ful manig, 1016; dat. sg. m. þegne monegum, 1342, 1420; dat. sg.
+f. manigre maegethe, 75; acc. pl. manige men, 337; dat. pl. manegum maethmum,
+2104; monegum maegethum, 5; gen. pl. manigra meda, 1179.--2) substantively:
+nom. sg. manig, 1861; monig, 858; dat. sg. manegum, 349, 1888; nom. pl.
+manige, 1024; monige, 2983; acc. pl. monige, 1599; gen. pl. manigra,
+2092.--3) with depend. gen. pl.: dat. manegum maegetha, 1772; monegum fira,
+2002; haeleetha monegum bold-agendra, 3112; acc. pl. rinca manige, 729;
+(maethm)-aehta monige, 1614.
+
+manig-oft, adv., _very often, frequently_, 171 [if manig and oft are to be
+connected].
+
+man-lice, adv., _man-like, manly_, 1047.
+
+man-þwaere, adj., _kind, gentle toward men, philanthropic_: nom. sg. superl.
+mon-þwaerust, 3183.
+
+ma, contracted compar., _more_: with partitive gen., 504, 736, 1056.
+
+maethum, maethethum, st. m., _gift, jewel, object of value_: acc. sg. maethethum,
+169, 1053, 2056, 3017; dat. instr. sg. maethme, 1529, 1903; nom. pl. maethmas,
+1861; acc. pl. madmas, 385, 472, 1028, 1483, 1757, 1868, etc.; dat. instr.
+pl. maethmum, madmum, 1049, 1899, 2104, 2789; gen. pl. maethma, 1785, 2144,
+2167, etc.; madma, 36, 41.--Comp.: dryht-, gold-, hord-, ofer-, sinc-,
+wundor-maethum.
+
+maethm-aeht, st. f., _treasure in jewels, costly objects_: gen. pl. maethm-aehta,
+1614, 2834.
+
+maethethum-faet, st. n., _treasure-casket_ or _cup, costly vessel_: nom. sg.,
+2406.
+
+maethm-gestreon, st. n., _precious jewel_: gen. pl. maethm-gestreona, 1932.
+
+maethum-gifu, st. f., _gift of valuable objects, largess of treasure_: dat.
+sg. aefter maethethum-gife, 1302.
+
+maethum-sigl, st. n., _costly, sun-shaped ornament, valuable decoration_:
+gen. pl. maethethum-sigla, 2758.
+
+maethum-sweord, st. n., _costly sword_ (inlaid with gold and jewels): acc.
+sg., 1024.
+
+maethum-wela, w. m., _wealth of jewels, valuables_:: dat. sg.
+aefter-maethethum-welan (_after the sight of the wealth of jewels_), 2751.
+
+magas. See maeg.
+
+mage, w. f., _female relative_: gen. sg. Grendles magan (_mother_), 1392.
+
+man, st. n., _crime, misdeed_: instr. sg. mane, 110, 979; adv.,
+_criminally_, 1056.
+
+man-for-daedla, w. m., _evil-doer, criminal_: nom. pl. man-for-daedlan, 563.
+
+man-scaetha, w. m., _mischievous, hurtful foe, hostis nefastus_: nom. sg.
+713, 738, 1340; man-sceaetha, 2515.
+
+mara (comp. of micel), adj., _greater, stronger, mightier_: nom. sg. m.
+mara, 1354, 2556; neut. mare, 1561; acc. sg. m. maran, 2017; mund-gripe
+maran (_a mightier hand-grip_), 754; with following gen. pl. maran ...
+eorla (_a more powerful earl_), 247; fem. maran, 533, 1012; neut. mare,
+518; with gen. pl. moreth-beala mare _(more, greater, deeds of murder_), 136;
+gen. sg. f. maran, 1824.
+
+maest (superl. of micel, mara), _greatest, strongest_: nom. sg. neut. (with
+partitive gen.), maest, 78, 193; fem. maest, 2329; acc. sg. fem. faehethe maeste,
+459; maeste ... worolde wynne (_the highest earthly pleasure_), 1080; neut.
+n. (with partitive gen.) maest maeretha, 2646; hond-wundra maest, 2769; bael-fyra
+maest, 3144; instr. sg. m. maeste craefte, 2182.
+
+maecg. See mecg.
+
+maegeth, st. f., _wife, maid, woman_: nom. sg., 3017; gen. pl. maegetha hose
+(_accompanied by her maids of honor_), 925; maegetha, 944, 1284.
+
+maegen, st. n.: 1) _might, bodily strength, heroic power_: acc. sg. maegen,
+518, 1707; instr. sg. maegene, 780(?), 2668; gen. sg. maegenes, 418, 1271,
+1535, 1717, etc.; maegnes, 671, 1762; maegenes strang, strengest (_great in
+strength_), 1845, 196; maegenes rof (id.), 2085.--2) _prime, flower_ (of a
+nation), _forces available in war_: acc. sg. swa he oft (i.e. etan) dyde
+maegen Hreethmanna (_the best of the Hreethmen_), 445; gen. sg. wieth manna hwone
+maegenes Deniga (_from(?) any of the men of the Danes_), 155.--Comp.
+ofer-maegen.
+
+maegen-agend, pres. part., _having great strength, valiant_: gen. pl.
+-agendra, 2838.
+
+maegen-byrethen, st. f., _huge burthen_: acc. sg. maegen-byrethenne, 3092; dat.
+(instr.) sg., 1626.
+
+maegen-craeft, st. m., _great, hero-like, strength_: acc. sg., 380.
+
+maegen-ellen, st. n. (the same), acc. sg., 660.
+
+maegen-fultum, st. m., _material aid_: gen. pl. naes þaet þonne maetost
+maegen-fultuma (_that was not the least of strong helps_, i.e. the sword
+Hrunting), 1456.
+
+maegen-raes, st. m., _mighty attack, onslaught_: acc. sg., 1520.
+
+maegen-strengo, st. f., _main strength, heroic power_: acc. sg., 2679.
+
+maegen-wudu, st. m., _might-wood_, i.e. the spear, lance: acc. sg., 236.
+
+maest, st. m., _mast_: nom. sg., 1899; dat. sg. be maeste (_beside the
+mast_), 36; _to the mast_, 1906.
+
+maeethum. See maethum, hyge-maeethum.
+
+maeg, st. m., _kinsman by blood_: nom. sg. maeg, 408, 738, 759, 814, 915,
+1531, 1945, etc; (_brother_), 468, 2605? acc. sg. maeg (_son_), 1340;
+(_brother_), 2440, 2485, 2983; dat. sg. maege, 1979; gen. sg. maeges, 2629,
+2676, 2699, 2880; nom. pl. magas, 1016; acc. pl. magas, 2816; dat. pl.
+magum, 1179, 2615, 3066; (_to brothers_), 1168; maegum, 2354; gen. pl. maga,
+247, 1080, 1854, 2007, 2743.--Comp.: faederen-, heafod-, wine-maeg.
+
+maeg-burh, st. f., _borough of blood-kinsmen, entire population united by
+ties of blood_; (in wider sense) _race, people, nation_: gen. sg.
+lond-rihtes ... þaere maeg-burge (_of land possessions among the people_,
+i.e. of the Geatas), 2888.
+
+maegeth, st. f., _race, people_: acc. sg. maegethe, 1012; dat. sg. maegethe, 75;
+dat. pl. maegethum, 5; gen. pl. maegetha, 25, 1772.
+
+maeg-wine, st. m., _blood kinsman, friend_, 2480 (nom. pl.).
+
+mael, st. n.: l) _time, point of time_: nom. sg. 316; þa waes sael and mael
+(_there was_ [appropriate] _chance and time_), 1009; acc. sg. mael, 2634;
+instr. pl. aerran maelum, 908, 2238, 3036; gen. pl. maela, 1250; saela and
+maela, 1612; maela gehwylce (_each time, without intermission_), 2058.--2)
+_sword, weapon_: nom. sg. broden (brogden) mael (_the drawn sword_), 1617,
+1668 (cf. Grimm, Andreas and Elene, p. 156).--3) _mole, spot,
+mark_.--Comp.: graeg-, hring-, sceaethen-, wunden-mael.
+
+mael-cearu, st. f., _long-continued sorrow, grief_: acc. sg. mael-ceare, 189.
+
+mael-gesceaft, st. f., _fate, appointed time_: acc. pl. ie on earde bad
+mael-gesceafta (_awaited the time allotted for me by fate_), 2738.
+
+maenan, w. v., with acc. in the sense of (1) _to remember, mention,
+proclaim_: inf. maenan, 1068; pret. part. þaer waes Beowulfes maeretho maened,
+858.--2) _to mention sorrowfully, mourn_: inf. 3173; pret. sg. giohetho maende
+(_mourned sorrowfully_), 2268; pret. pl. maendon, 1150, 3150.
+
+ge-maenan (see man), w. v. with acc., _to injure maliciously, break_: subj.
+pret. pl. ge-maenden, 1102.
+
+ge-maene, adj., _common, in common_: nom. sg. gemaene, 2474; þaer unc hwile
+waes hand gemaene (i.e. in battle), 2138; sceal urum þaet sweord and helm bam
+gemaene (i.e. wesan), 2661; nom. pl. gemaene, 1861; dat. pl. þaet þam folcum
+sceal ... sib gemaenum (attraction for gemaene, i.e. wesan), 1858; gen. pl.
+unc sceal (i.e. wesan) fela maethma gemaenra (_we two shall share many
+treasures together_), 1785.
+
+maerethu, st. f.: 1) _glory, a heroes fame_: nom. sg. 858; acc. sg. maeretho,
+660, 688; acc. pl. maeretha, 2997; instr. pl. maerethum (_gloriously_), 2515:
+gen. pl. maeretha, 504, 1531.--2) _deed of glory, heroism_: acc. sg. maeretho,
+2135; gen. pl. maeretha, 408, 2646.--Comp. ellen-maerethu.
+
+maere, adj., _memorable; celebrated, noble; well known, notorious_: nom. sg.
+m. maere, 103, 129, 1716, 1762; se maera, 763, 2012, 2588; also as vocative
+m. se maera, 1475; nom. fem. maeru, 2017; maere, 1953; neut. maere, 2406; acc.
+sg. m. maerne, 36, 201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2789, 3099; neut. maere, 1024;
+dat. sg. maerum, 345, 1302, 1993, 2080, 2573; to þaem maeran, 270; gen. sg.
+maeres, 798; maeran, 1730; nom. pl. maere, 3071; superl. maerost, 899,--Comp.:
+fore-, heaetho-maere.
+
+maest. See mara.
+
+maete, adj., _moderate, small_: superl. nom. sg. maetost, 1456.
+
+mecg, maecg, st. m., _son, youth, man_. in comp. hilde-, oret-mecg,
+wraec-maecg.
+
+medla. See on-medla.
+
+medu, st. m., _mead_: acc. sg. medu, 2634; dat. sg. to medo, 605.
+
+medo-aern, st. n., _mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-aern (Heorot), 69.
+
+medu-benc, st. f., _mead-bench, bench in the mead-hall_: nom. sg.
+medu-benc, 777; dat. sg. medu-bence, 1053; medo-bence, 1068, 2186;
+meodu-bence, 1903.
+
+medu-dream, st. m., _mead-joy, joyous carousing during mead-drinking_: acc.
+sg. 2017.
+
+medo-ful, st. n., _mead-cup_: acc. sg. 625, 1016.
+
+medo-heal, st. f., _mead-hall_: nom. sg., 484; dat. sg. meodu-healle, 639.
+
+medu-scenc, st. m., _mead-can, vessel_: instr. pl. meodu-scencum, 1981.
+
+medu-seld, st. n., _mead-seat, mead-house_: acc. sg., 3066.
+
+medo-setl, st. n., _mead-seat upon which one sits mead-drinking_: gen. pl.
+meodo-setla, 5.
+
+medo-stig, st. f., _mead-road, road to the mead-hall_: acc. sg. medo-stig,
+925.
+
+medo-wang, st. m., _mead-field_ (where the mead-hall stood): acc. pl.
+medo-wongas, 1644.
+
+meethel, st. n., _assembly, council_: dat. sg. on meethle, 1877.
+
+meethel-stede, st. m., (properly _place of speech, judgment-seat_), here
+_meeting-place, battle-field_ (so, also 425, the battle is conceived under
+the figure of a parliament or convention): dat. sg. on þaem meethel-stede,
+1083.
+
+meethel-word, st. n., _words called forth at a discussion; address_: instr.
+pl. meethel-wordum, 236.
+
+melda, w. m., _finder, informer, betrayer_: gen. sg. þaes meldan, 2406.
+
+meltan, st. v. intrans., _to consume by fire, melt or waste away_: inf.,
+3012; pret. sg. mealt, 2327; pl. multon, 1121.
+
+ge-meltan, the same: pret. sg. gemealt, 898, 1609, 1616; ne gemealt him se
+mod-sefa (_his courage did not desert him_), 2629.
+
+men. See man.
+
+mene, st. m., _neck ornament, necklace, collar_: acc. sg., 1200.
+
+mengan, w. v., _to mingle, unite, with_, w. acc. of thing: inf. se þe
+mere-grundas mengan scolde, 1450.
+
+ge-mengan, _to mix with, commingle_: pret. part. 849, 1594.
+
+menigu, st. f., _multitude, many_: nom. and acc. sg. maethma menigeo
+(_multitude of treasures, presents_), 2144; so, maenigo, 41.
+
+mercels, st. m., _mark, aim_: gen. sg. mercelses, 2440.
+
+mere, st. m., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg. se mere, 1363; acc. sg. on mere, 1131,
+1604; on nicera mere, 846; dat. sg. fram mere, 856.
+
+mere-deor, st. n., _sea-beast_: acc. sg., 558.
+
+mere-fara, w. m., _seafarer_: gen. sg. mere-faran, 502.
+
+mere-fix, st. m., _sea-fish_: gen. pl. mere-fixa (_the whale_, cf. 540),
+549.
+
+mere-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom_: acc. sg., 2101; acc. pl. mere-grundas,
+1450.
+
+mere-hraegl, st. n., _-sea-garment_, i.e., sail: gen. pl. mere-hraegla sum,
+1906.
+
+mere-liethend, pres. part., _moving on the sea, sailor_: nom. pl.
+mere-liethende, 255.
+
+mere-straet, st. f., _sea-street, way over the sea_: acc. pl. mere-straeta
+514.
+
+mere-strengo, st. f., _sea-power, strength in the sea_: acc. sg., 533.
+
+mere-wif, st. n., _sea-woman, mer-woman_: acc. sg. (of Grendel's mother),
+1520.
+
+mergen. See morgen.
+
+met, st. n., _thought, intention_ (cf. metian = meditari): acc. pl. onsael
+meoto, 489 (meaning doubtful; see Bugge, Journal 8, 292; Dietrich, Haupt's
+Zeits. 11, 411; Koerner, Eng. Stud. 2, 251).
+
+ge-met, st. n., _an apportioned share; might, power, ability _: nom. sg.
+nis þaet ... gemet mannes nefne min anes (_nobody, myself excepted, can do
+that_), 2534; acc. sg. ofer min gemet (_beyond my power_), 2880; dat. sg.
+mid gemete, 780.
+
+ge-met, adj., _well-measured, meet, good_: nom. sg. swa him gemet þince
+(þuhte), (_as seemed meet to him_), 688, 3058. See un-gemete, adv.
+
+metan, st. v., _to measure, pass over_ or _along_: pret. pl. fealwe straete
+mearum maeton (_measured the yellow road with their horses_), 918; so, 514,
+1634.
+
+ge-metan, the same: pret. sg. medu-stig gemaet.(_measured, walked over, the
+road to the mead-hall_), 925.
+
+metod, st. m. (the measuring, arranging) _Creator, God_: nom. sg., 110,
+707, 968, 1058, 2528; scir metod, 980; soeth metod, 1612; acc. sg. metod,
+180; dat. sg. metode, 169, 1779; gen. sg. metodes, 671.--Comp. eald-metod.
+
+metod-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _the Creator's determination, divine purpose,
+fate_: acc. sg. -sceaft, 1078.--2) _the Creators glory_: acc. sg.
+metod-sceaft seon (i.e. die), 1181; dat. sg. to metod-sceafte, 2816.
+
+mece, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg., 1939; acc. sg. mece, 2048; bradne mece,
+2979; gen. sg. meces, 1766, 1813, 2615, 2940; dat. pl. instr. mecum, 565;
+gen. pl. meca, 2686.--Comp.: beado-, haeft-, hilde-mece.
+
+med, st. f., _meed, reward_: acc. sg. mede, 2135; dat. sg. mede, 2147; gen.
+pl. meda, 1179.
+
+ge-mede, st. n., _approval, permission_ (Grein): acc. pl. ge-medu, 247.
+
+meethe, adj., _tired, exhausted, dejected_: in comp. hyge-, sae-meethe.
+
+metan, w. v., _to meet, find, fall in with_: with acc., pret. pl. syethethan
+Aescheres ... hafelan metton, 1422; subj. pret. sg. þaet he ne mette ... on
+elran man mundgripe maran (_that he never met, in any other man, with a
+mightier hand-grip_), 752.
+
+ge-metan, with acc., the same: pret. sg. gemette, 758, 2786; pl. naes þa
+long to þon, þaet þa aglaecean hy eft gemetton (_it was not long after that
+the warriors again met each other_), 2593.
+
+ge-meting, st. f., _meeting, hostile coming together_: nom. sg., 2002.
+
+meagol, adj., _mighty, immense; formal, solemn_: instr. pl. meaglum wordum,
+1981.
+
+mearc, st. f., _frontier, limit, end_: dat. sg. to mearce (_the end of
+life_), 2385.--Comp. Weder-mearc, 298.
+
+ge-mearc, st. n., _measure, distance_: comp. fot-, mil-ge-mearc.
+
+mearcian, w. v., _to mark, stain_: pres. ind. sg. mearcaeth morhopu (_will
+stain, mark, the moor with the blood of the corpse_), 450.
+
+ge-mearcian, the same: pret. part. (Cain) morethre gemearcod (_murder-marked_
+[cf. 1 Book Mos. IV. 15]), 1265; swa waes on þaem scennum ... gemearcod ...
+hwam þaet sweord geworht waere (_engraved for whom the sword had been
+wrought_), 1696.
+
+mearc-stapa, w. m., _march-strider, frontier-haunter_ (applied to Grendel
+and his mother): nom. sg., 103; acc. pl. mearc-stapan, 1349.
+
+mearh, st. m., _horse, steed_: nom. pl. mearas, 2164; acc. pl. mearas, 866,
+1036; dat. pl. inst. mearum, 856, 918; mearum and maethmum, 1049, 1899; gen.
+pl. meara and maethma, 2167.
+
+mearn. See murnan.
+
+meodu. See medu.
+
+meoto. See met.
+
+meotud. See metod.
+
+meowle, w. f., _maiden_: comp. geo-meowle.
+
+micel, adj., _great, huge, long_ (of time): nom. sg. m., 129, 502; fem.,
+67, 146, 170; neut., 772; acc. sg. m. micelne, 3099; fem, micle, 1779,
+3092; neut. micel, 270, 1168. The comp. mare must be supplied before þone
+in: medo-aern micel ... (mare) þone yldo beam aefre ge-frunon, 69; instr. sg.
+ge-trume micle, 923; micle (_by much, much_); micle leofre (_far dearer_),
+2652; efne swa micle (laessa), (_[less] even by so much_), 1284; oftor micle
+(_much oftener_), 1580; dat. sg, weak form miclan, 2850; gen. sg. miclan,
+979. The gen. sg. micles is an adv. = _much, very_: micles wyrethne gedon
+(_deem worthy of much_, i.e. honor very highly), 2186; to fela micles (_far
+too much, many_), 695; acc. pl. micle, 1349. Compar., see mara.
+
+mid, I. prep. w. dat., instr., and acc., signifying preeminently _union,
+community, with_, hence: 1) w. dat.: a) _with, in company, community,
+with_; mid Finne, 1129; mid Hroethgare, 1593; mid scip-herge, 243; mid
+gesiethum (_with his comrades_), 1314; so, 1318, 1964, 2950, etc.; mid his
+freo-drihtne, 2628; mid þaem lacum (_with the gifts_), 1869; so, 2789, 125;
+mid haele (_with good luck!_), 1218; mid baele for (_sped off amid fire_),
+2309. The prep. postponed: him mid (_with him, in his company_), 41; _with
+him_, 1626; ne waes him Fitela mid (_was not with him_), 890. b) _with,
+among_: mid Geatum (_among the Geatas_), 195, 2193, 2624; mid Scyldingum,
+274; mid Eotenum, 903; mid yldum (eldum), 77, 2612; mid him (_with, among,
+one another_), 2949. In temporal sense: mid aer-daege (_at dawn_), 126.--2)
+_with, with the help of, through_, w. dat.: mid ar-stafum (_through his
+grace_), 317; so, 2379; mid grape (_with the fist_), 438; so, 1462, 2721;
+mid his hete-þoncum (_through his hatred_), 475; mid sweorde, 574; so,
+1660, 2877; mid gemete (_through, by, his power_), 780; so, 1220, 2536,
+2918; mid gode (_with benefits_), 1185; mid hearme (_with harm, insult_),
+1893; mid þaere sorge (_with [through?] this sorrow_), 2469; mid rihte (_by
+rights_), 2057. With instr.: mid þy wife (_through [marriage with] the
+woman_), 2029.--3) w. acc., _with, in community, company, with_: mid his
+eorla gedriht, 357; so, 634, 663, 1673; mid hine, 880; mid minne
+gold-gyfan, 2653.
+
+II. adv., mid, _thereamong, in the company_, 1643; _at the same time,
+likewise_, 1650.
+
+middan-geard, st. m., _globe, earth_: acc. sg., 75, 1772; dat. sg. on
+middan-gearde, 2997; gen. sg. middan-geardes, 504, 752.
+
+midde, w. f., _middle = medius_: dat. sg. on middan (_through the middle,
+in two_), 2706; gen. sg. (adv.) to-middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+middel-niht, st. f., _midnight_: dat. pl. middel-nihtum, 2783, 2834.
+
+miht, st. f., _might, power, authority_: acc. sg. þurh drihtnes miht
+(_through the Lord's help, power_), 941; instr. pl. selfes mihtum, 701.
+
+mihtig, adj.: 1) _physically strong, powerful_: acc. sg. mihtig mere-deor,
+558; mere-wif mihtig, 1520.--2) _possessing authority, mighty_: nom. sg.
+mihtig god, 702, 1717, 1726; dat. sg. mihtigan drihtne, 1399.--Comp.: ael-,
+fore-mihtig.
+
+milde, adj., _kind, gracious, generous_: nom. sg. modes milde
+(_kind-hearted_), 1230; instr. pl. mildum wordum (_graciously_), 1173.
+Superl. nom. sg. worold-cyning mannum mildust (_a king most liberal to
+men_), 3183.
+
+milts, st. f., _kindness, benevolence_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+missan, w. v. with gen., _to miss, err in_: pret. sg. miste mercelses
+(_missed the mark_), 2440.
+
+missere, st. n., _space of a semester, half a year_: gen. pl. hund missera
+(_fifty winters_), 2734, 2210; generally, _a long period of time, season_,
+1499, 1770; fela missera, 153, 2621.
+
+mist-hlieth, st. n., _misty cliff, cloud-capped slope_: dat. pl. under
+mist-hleoethum, 711.
+
+mistig, adj., _misty_: acc. pl. mistige moras, 162.
+
+mil-gemearc, st. n., _measure by miles_: gen. sg. mil-gemearces, 1363.
+
+min: 1) poss. pron., _my, mine_, 255, 345, etc.; Hygelac min (_my lord_, or
+_king, H._), 2435.--2) gen. sg. of pers. pron. ic, _of me_, 2085, 2534,
+etc.
+
+molde, w. f., _dust; earth, field_: in comp. graes-molde.
+
+mon. See man.
+
+ge-mong. See ge-mang.
+
+moreth-bealu, st. n., _murder, deadly hale_ or _deed of murder_: gen. pl.
+moreth-beala, 136.
+
+morethor, st. n., _deed of violence, murder_: dat. instr. sg. morethre, 893,
+1265, 2783; gen. sg. morethres, 2056; morethres scyldig (_guilty of murder_),
+1684.
+
+morethor-bed, st. n., _bed of death, murder-bed_: acc. sg. waes þam yldestan
+... morethor-bed stred (_a bed of death was spread for the eldest_, i.e.
+through murder his death-bed was prepared), 2437.
+
+morethor-bealu, st. n., _death-bale, destruction by murder_: acc. sg.
+morethor-bealo, 1080, 2743.
+
+morethor-hete, st. m., _murderous hate_: gen. sg. þaes morethor-hetes, 1106.
+
+morgen, morn, mergen, st. m., _morning, forenoon_; also _morrow_: nom. sg.
+morgen, 1785, 2125; (_morrow_), 2104; acc. sg. on morgen (_in the
+morning_), 838; dat. sg. on morgne, 2485; on mergenne, 565, 2940; gen. pl.
+morna gehwylce (_every morning_), 2451.
+
+morgen-ceald, adj., _morning-cold, dawn-cold_: nom. sg. gar morgen-ceald
+(_spear chilled by the early air of morn_), 3023.
+
+morgen-lang, adj., _lasting through the morning_: acc. sg. morgen-longne
+daeg (_the whole forenoon_), 2895.
+
+morgen-leoht, st. n., _morning-light_: nom. sg., 605, 918.
+
+morgen-sweg, st. m., _morning-cry, cry at morn_: nom. sg., 129.
+
+morgen-tid, st. f., _morning-tide_: acc. sg. on morgen-tide, 484, 818(?)
+
+morn. See morgen.
+
+mod, st. n.: 1) _heart, soul, spirit, mood, mind, manner of thinking_: nom.
+sg., 50, 731; waefre mod (_the flicker ing spirit, the fading breath_),
+1151; acc. sg. on mod (_into his mind_), 67; dat. instr. sg. mode geþungen
+(_of mature, lofty spirit_), 625; on mode (_in heart, mind_), 754, 1845,
+2282? 2528; on hreoum mode (_fierce of spirit_), 2582; gen. sg. modes, 171,
+811, 1707; modes bliethe (_gracious-minded, kindly disposed_), 436; so, modes
+milde, 1230; modes seoce (_depressed in mind_), 1604.--2) _boldness,
+courage_: nom. and acc. sg., 1058, 1168. 3) _passion, fierceness_: nom.
+sg., 549.--Comp. form adj.: galg-, geomor-, glaed-, gueth-, hreoh-, irre-,
+sarig-, stieth-, swieth-, werig-mod.
+
+mod-cearu, st. f., _grief of heart_: acc. sg. mod-ceare, 1993, 3150.
+
+mod-gehygd, st. f ., _thought of the heart; mind_: instr. pl. mod-gehygdum,
+233
+
+mod-ge-þanc, st. n., _mood-thought, meditation_: acc. sg. mod-ge-þonc,
+1730.
+
+mod-giomor, adj., _grieved at heart, dejected_: nom. sg., 2895.
+
+modig, adj., _courageous_: nom. sg., 605, 1644, 1813, 2758; he þaes (þaem,
+MS.) modig waes (_had the courage for it_), 1509; se modega, 814; dat. sg.
+mid þam modigan, 3012; gen. sg. modges, 502; modiges, 2699; Geata leod
+georne truwode modgan maegnes (_trusted firmly in his bold strength_), 671;
+nom. pl. modge, 856; modige, 1877; gen. pl. modigra, 312, 1889.--Comp,
+fela-modig.
+
+modig-lic, adj., _of bold appearance_: compar. acc. pl. modiglicran, 337.
+
+mod-lufe, w. f., _hearts affection, love_: gen. sg. þinre mod-lufan, 1824.
+
+mod-sefa, w. m., _thought of the heart; brave, bold temper; courage_: nom.
+sg., 349, 1854, 2629; acc. sg. mod-sefan, 2013; dat. sg. mod-sefan, 180.
+
+mod-þracu, st. f., _boldness, courage, strength of mind_: dat. sg. for his
+mod-þraece, 385.
+
+modor, f., _mother_: nom. sg., 1259, 1277, 1283, 1684, 2119; acc. sg.
+modor, 1539, 2140, 2933.
+
+mona, w. m., _moon_: gen. sg. monan, 94.
+
+mor, st. m., _moor, morass, swamp_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan mor, 1406; dat.
+sg. of more, 711; acc. pl. moras, 103, 162, 1349.
+
+mor-hop, st. n., _place of refuge in the moor, hiding-place in the swamp_:
+acc. pl. mor-hopu, 450.
+
+ge-mot, st. n., _meeting_: in comp. hand-, torn-ge-mot.
+
+motan, pret.-pres. v.: 1) _power_ or _permission to have something, to be
+permitted; may, can_: pres. sg. I., III. mot, 186, 442, 604; II. most,
+1672; pl. moton, 347, 365, 395; pres. subj. ic mote, 431; III. se þe mote,
+1388; pret sg. moste, 168, 707, 736, 895, 1488, 1999, 2242, 2505, etc.; pl.
+moston, 1629, 1876, 2039, 2125, 2248; pres. subj. sg. II. þaet þu hine
+selfne geseon moste (_mightest see_), 962.--2) _shall, must, be obliged_:
+pres. sg. mot, 2887; pret. sg. moste, 1940; þaer he þy fyrste forman dogore
+wealdan moste, swa him Wyrd ne gescraf, hreeth aet hilde (_if he must for the
+first time that day be victorious, as Fate had denied him victory_, cf.
+2681, 2683 seqq.), 2575.
+
+ge-munan, pret.-pres. v., _to have in mind, be mindful; remember, think
+of_, w. acc.: pres. sg. hine gearwe geman witena wel-hwylc (_each of the
+knowing ones still remembers him well_), 265; ic þe þaes lean geman (_I
+shall not forget thy reward for this_), 1221; ic þaet eall gemon (_I
+remember all that_), 2428; so, 1702, 2043; gif he þaet eall gemon hwaet ...
+(_if he is mindful of all that which_ ...), 1186; ic þaet mael gemon hwaer...
+(_I remember the time when_...), 2634; pret. sg. w. gemunde... aefen-spraece
+(_recalled his evening speech_), 759; so, 871, 1130, 1260, 1271, 1291,
+2115, 2432, 2607, 2679; se þaes leod-hryres lean ge-munde (_was mindful of
+reward for the fall of the ruler_), 2392; þaet he Eotena bearn inne gemunde
+(_that he in this should remember, take vengeance on, the children of the
+Eotens_), 1142; so, hond gemunde faehetho genoge (_his hand remembered strife
+enough_), 2490; ne ge-munde mago Ecglafes þaet ... (_remembered not that
+which_ ...), 1466; pret. pl. helle gemundon in mod-sefan (_their thoughts_
+[as heathens] _fixed themselves on, remembered, hell_), 179.
+
+on-munan, w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to admonish, exhort_: pret. sg.
+onmunde usic maeretha (_exhorted us to deeds of glory_), 2641.
+
+mund, st. f., _hand_: instr. pl. mundum, mid mundum, 236, 514, 1462, 3023,
+3092.
+
+mund-bora, w. m., _protector, guardian, preserver_: nom. sg., 1481, 2780.
+
+mund-gripe, st. m., _hand-grip, seizure_: acc. sg. mund-gripe, 754; dat.
+sg. mund-gripe, 380, 1535; aefter mund-gripe (_after having seized the
+criminal_), 1939.
+
+murnan, st. v., _to shrink from, be afraid of, avoid_: pret. sg. no mearn
+fore faehethe and fyrene, 136; so, 1538; nalles for ealdre mearn (_was not
+apprehensive for his life_), 1443.--2) _to mourn, grieve_: pres. part. him
+waes ... murnende mod, 50; pres. subj., þonne he fela murne (_than that he
+should mourn much_), 1386.
+
+be-murnan, be-meornan, with acc., _to mourn over_: pret. be-mearn, 908,
+1078.
+
+murn-lice. See un-murn-lice.
+
+mueth-bana, w. m., _mouth-destroyer_: dat. sg. to mueth-bonan (of Grendel
+because he bit his victim to death), 2080.
+
+muetha, w. m., _mouth, entrance_: acc. sg. recedes muethan (_mouth of the
+house, door_), 725.
+
+ge-mynd, st. f., _memory, memorial, remembrance_: dat. pl. to gemyndum,
+2805, 3017. See weoreth-mynd.
+
+myhdgian, w. v., _to call to mind, remember_: pres. sg. myndgaeth, 2058;
+pres. part. w. gen. gif þonne Fresna hwylc ... þaes morethor-hetes myndgiend
+waere (_were to call to mind the bloody feud_), 1106.
+
+ge-myndgian, w. v. w. acc., _to remember_: bieth gemyndgad ... eaforan
+ellor-sieth (_is reminded of his son's decease_), 2451.
+
+ge-myndig, adj., _mindful_: nom. sg. w. gen., 614, 869, 1174, 1531, 2083,
+etc.
+
+myne, st. m.: 1) _mind, wish_: nom. sg., 2573.--2) _love_(?): ne his myne
+wisse (_whose_ [God's] _love he knew not_), 169.
+
+ge-mynian, w. v. w. acc., _to be mindful of_: imper. sg. gemyne maeretho! 660.
+
+myntan, w. v., _to intend, think of, resolve_: pret. sg. mynte ... manna
+cynnes sumne besyrwan (_meant to entrap all_(?) [see sum], _some one of
+(?), the men_), 713; mynte þaet he gedaelde ... (_thought to sever_), 732;
+mynte se maera, þaer he meahte swa, widre gewindan (_intended to flee_), 763.
+
+myrce, adj., _murky, dark_: acc. sg. ofer myrcan mor, 1406.
+
+myreth, st. f., _joy, mirth_: dat. (instr.) sg. modes myrethe, 8n.
+
+
+N
+
+naca, w. m., _vessel, ship_: acc. sg. nacan, 295; gen. sg. nacan,
+214.--Comp.: hring-, yeth-naca.
+
+nacod, adj., _naked_: nom. and acc. sg. swurd, gueth-bill nacod, 539, 2586;
+nacod nieth-draca, 2274.
+
+nalas, nales, nallas. See nealles.
+
+nama, w. m., _name_: nom. sg. Beowulf is min nama, 343; waes þaem haeft-mece
+Hrunting nama, 1458; acc. sg. scop him Heort naman (_gave it the name
+Hart_), 78.
+
+na (from ne-a), strength, negative, _never, not all_, 445, 567, 1537.
+
+nah, from ne-ah. See agan.
+
+nan (from ne-an), indef. pron., _none, no_: with gen. pl. gueth-billa nan,
+804; adjectively, nan ... iren aergod, 990.
+
+nat, from ne-wat: _I know not=nescio_. See witan.
+
+nat-hwylc (nescio quis, ne-wat-hwylc, _know not who, which_, etc.), indef.
+pron., _any, a certain one, some or other_: 1) w. partitive gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena nat-hwylc, 2234;. gen. sg. nat-hwylces (þara banena), 2054; nietha
+nat-hwylces(?), 2216; nat-hwylces haeleetha bearna, 2225.--2) adjectively:
+dat. sg. in nieth-sele nat-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+naebben, from ne-haebben (subj. pres.). See habban.
+
+naefne. See nefne.
+
+naegel, st. m., _nail_: gen. pl. naegla (of the finger-nails), 986.
+
+naegled, part., _nailed?, nail-like?, buckled?_: acc. sg. neut. naegled (MS.
+gled) sinc, 2024.
+
+naes, st. m., _naze, rock projecting into the sea, cliff, promontory_: acc.
+sg. naes, 1440, 1601, 2899; dat. sg. naesse, 2244, 2418; acc. pl. windige
+naessas, 1412; gen. pl. naessa, 1361.
+
+naes, from ne-waes (_was not_). See wesan.
+
+naes, neg. adv., _not, not at all_, 562, 2263.
+
+naes-hlieth, st. n., _declivity, slope of a promontory that sinks downward to
+the sea_: dat. pl. on naes-hleoethum, 1428.
+
+naefre, adv., _never_, 247, 583, 592, 656, 719, 1042, 1049, etc.; also
+strengthened by ne: naefre ne, 1461.
+
+ge-naegan, w. v. w. acc. pers. and gen. of thing, _to attack, press_; pret.
+pl. nietha genaegdan nefan Hererices (_in combats pressed hard upon H.'s
+nephew_), 2207; pret. part. weareth ... nietha genaeged, 1440.
+
+naenig (from ne-aenig), pron., _not any, none, no_: 1) substantively w. gen.
+pl.: nom. sg., 157, 242, 692; dat. sg. naenegum, 599; gen. pl. naenigra,
+950.--2) adjectively: nom. sg. oether naenig, 860; naenig waeter, 1515; naenig
+... deor, 1934; acc. sg. naenigne ... hord-maethethum, 1199.
+
+naere, from ne-waere (_were not, would not be_). See wesan.
+
+ne, simple neg., _not_, 38, 50, 80, 83, 109, etc.; before imper. ne sorga!
+1385; ne gym! 1761, etc. Doubled =_certainly not, not even that_: ne ge ...
+gearwe ne wisson (_ye certainly have not known_, etc.), 245; so, 863; ne ic
+... wihte ne wene (_nor do I at all in the least expect_), 2923; so, 182.
+Strengthened by other neg.: noether ... ne, 2125; swa he ne mihte no ... (_so
+that he absolutely could not_), 1509.
+
+ne ... ne, _not ... and not, nor; neither ... nor_, 154-157, 511,
+1083-1085, etc. Another neg. may supply the place of the first ne: so, no
+... ne, 575-577, 1026-1028, 1393-1395, etc.; naefre ... ne, 583-584; nalles
+... ne, 3016-3017. The neg. may be omitted the first time: aer ne siethethan
+(_neither before nor after, before nor since_), 719; sueth ne noreth (_south
+nor north_), 859; adl ne yldo (_neither illness nor old age_), 1737; wordum
+ne worcum (_neither by word nor deed_), 1101; wiston and ne wendon (_knew
+not and weened not_), 1605.
+
+nefa, w. m., _nephew, grandson_: nom. sg. nefa (_grandson_), 1204; so,
+1963; (_nephew_), 2171; acc. sg. nefan (_nephew_), 2207; dat. sg. nefan
+(_nephew_), 882.
+
+nefne, naefne, nemne (orig. from ne-gif-ne): 1) subj.: a) with depend.
+clause = _unless_: nefne him witig god wyrd forstode (_if fate, the wise
+God, had not prevented him_), 1057; nefne god sylfa ... sealde (_unless God
+himself_, etc.), 3055; naefne him his wlite leoge (MS. naefre) (_unless his
+face belie him_), 250; naefne he waes mara (_except that he was huger_),
+1354; nemne him heaetho-byrne helpe ge-fremede, 1553; so, 2655.--b) w.
+follow. substantive = _except, save, only_: nefne sin-frea (_except the
+husband_), 1935; ic lyt hafo heafod-maga nefne Hygelac þec (_have no near
+kin but thee_), 2152; nis þaet eower (gen. pl.) sieth ... nefne min anes,
+2534.--2) Prep. with dat., _except_: nemne feaum anum, 1082.
+
+ge-nehost. See ge-neahhe.
+
+nelle, from ne-wille (_I will not_). See willan.
+
+nemnan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to name, call_: pres. pl. þone yldestan
+oret-mecgas Beowulf nemnaeth (_the warriors call the most distinguished one
+Beowulf_), 364; so inf. nemnan, 2024; pret. pl. nemdon, 1355.--2) _to
+address_, as in
+
+be-nemnan, _to pronounce solemnly, put under a spell_: pret. sg. Fin
+Hengeste ... aethum be-nemde þaet (_asserted, promised under oath that_ ...),
+1098; pret. pl. swa hit oeth domes daeg diope benemdon þeodnas maere (_put
+under a curse_), 3070.
+
+nemne. See nefne.
+
+nerian, ge-nerian, w. v., _to save, rescue, liberate_: pres. sg. Wyrd oft
+nereeth unfaegne eorl, 573; pret. part. haefde ... sele Hroethgares ge-nered wieth
+niethe (_saved from hostility_), 828.
+
+ge-nesan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to remain over, be preserved_: pret. sg.
+hrof ana genaes ealles ansund (_the roof alone was quite sound_), 1000.--2)
+w. acc., _to endure successfully, survive, escape from_: pret. sg. se þa
+saecce ge-naes, 1978; fela ic ... gueth-raesa ge-naes, 2427; pret. part. swa he
+nietha gehwane genesen haefde, 2398.
+
+net, st. n., _net_: in comp. breost-, here-, hring-, inwit-, searo-net.
+
+nedla, w. m., _dire necessity, distress_: in comp. þrea-nedla.
+
+neethan (G. nanþjan), w. v., _to venture, undertake boldly_: pres. part.
+nearo neethende (_encountering peril_), 2351; pret. pl. þaer git ... on deop
+water aldrum neethdon (_where ye two risked your lives in the deep water_),
+510; so, 538.
+
+ge-neethan, the same: inf. ne dorste under yetha gewin aldre ge-neethan, 1470.
+With depend. clause: naenig þaet dorste geneethan þaet (_none durst undertake
+to_ ...), 1934; pret. sg. he under harne stan ana geneethde frecne daede (_he
+risked alone the bold deed, venturing under the grey rock_), 889; (ic) wige
+under waetere weorc geneethde earfoeth-lice (_I with difficulty stood the work
+under the water in battle_, i.e. could hardly win the victory), 1657; ic
+geneethde fela guetha (_ventured on, risked, many contests_), 2512; pres. pl.
+(of majesty) we ... frecne geneethdon eafoeth uncuethes (_we have boldly risked,
+dared, the monster's power_), 961.
+
+neh. See neah.
+
+ge-neahhe, adv., _enough, sufficiently_, 784, 3153; superl. genehost braegd
+eorl Beowulfes ealde lafe (_many an earl of B.'s_), 795.
+
+nealles (from ne-ealles), adv., _omnino non, not at all, by no means_:
+nealles, 2146, 2168, 2180, 2223, 2597, etc.; nallas, 1720, 1750; nalles,
+338, 1019, 1077, 1443, 2504, etc.; nalas, 43, 1494, 1530, 1538; nales,
+1812.
+
+nearo, st. n., _strait, danger, distress_: acc. sg. nearo, 2351, 2595.
+
+nearo, adj., _narrow_: acc. pl. f. nearwe, 1410.
+
+nearwe, adv., _narrowly_, 977.
+
+nearo-craeft, st. m., _art of rendering difficult of access?,
+inaccessibility_ (see 2214 seqq.): instr. pl. nearo-craeftum, 2244.
+
+nearo-fah, m., _foe that causes distress, war-foe_: gen. sg. nearo-fages,
+2318.
+
+nearo-þearf, st. f., _dire need, distress_: acc. sg. nearo-þearfe, 422.
+
+ge-nearwian, w. v., _to drive into a corner, press upon_: pret. part.
+genearwod, 1439.
+
+neah, neh: 1) adj., _near, nigh_: nom. sg. neah, 1744, 2729. In superl.
+also = _last_: instr. sg. nyhstan siethe (_for the last time_), 1204;
+niehstan siethe, 2512.
+
+2) adv., _near_: feor and (oethethe) neah, 1222, 2871; 3) prep, sae-grunde neah,
+564; so, 1925, 2243; holm-wylme neh, 2412. Compar. near, 746.
+
+nean, adv., _near by, (from) close at hand_, 528; (neon, MS.), 3105;
+feorran and nean, 840; nean and feorran, 1175, 2318.
+
+ge-neat, st. m., _comrade, companion_: in comp. beod-, heoreth-geneat.
+
+nioethor. See niether.
+
+neowol, adj., _steep, precipitous_: acc. pl. neowle, 1412.
+
+neod, st. f., _polite intercourse regulated by etiquette?, hall-joy?_: acc.
+sg. niode, 2117; inst. (= _joy_), 2216.
+
+neod-laethu, st. f., _polite invitation; wish_: dat. sg. aefter neod-laethu
+(_according to his wishes_), 1321.
+
+neosan, neosian, w. v. w. gen., _to seek out, look for; to attack_: inf.
+neosan, 125, 1787, 1792, 1807, 2075; niosan, 2389, 2672; neosian, 115,
+1126; niosian, 3046; pret. sg. niosade, 2487.
+
+neotan, st. v., _to take, accept_, w. gen.; _to use, enjoy_: imper. sg.
+neot, 1218.
+
+be-neotan, w. dat., _to rob, deprive of_: inf. hine aldre be-neotan, 681;
+pret. sg. cyning ealdre bi-neat (_deprived the king of life_), 2397.
+
+nicor, st. m., _sea-horse, walrus, sea-monster_ (cf. Bugge in Zacher's
+Journal, 4, 197): acc. pl. niceras, 422, 575; nicras, 1428; gen. pl.
+nicera, 846.
+
+nicor-hus, st. n., _house_ or _den of sea-monsters_: gen. pl. nicor-husa,
+1412.
+
+nieth st. m., _man, human being_: gen. pl. niethetha, 1006; nietha? (passage
+corrupt), 2216.
+
+niether, nyether, neoethor, adv., _down, downward_: niether, 1361; nioethor, 2700;
+nyether, 3045.
+
+nieth-sele, st. m., _hall, room, in the deep_ (Grein): dat. sg. [in] nieth-sele
+nat-hwylcum, 1514.
+
+nigen, num., _nine_: acc. nigene, 575.
+
+niht, st. f. _night_: nom. sg., 115, 547. 650, 1321, 2117; acc. sg. niht,
+135, 737, 2939; gystran niht (_yester-night_), 1335; dat. sg. on niht, 575,
+684; on wanre niht, 703; gen. sg. nihtes hwilum (_sometimes at night, in
+the hours of the night_), 3045; as adv. = _of a night, by night_, G.
+nachts, 422, 2274; daeges and nihtes, 2270; acc. pl. seofon niht
+(_se'nnight, seven days_, cf. Tac. Germ, 11), 517; dat. pl. sweartum
+nihtum, 167; deorcum nihtum, 275, 221; gen. pl. nihta, 545, 1366.--Comp.:
+middel-, sin-niht.
+
+niht-bealu, st. n., _night-bale, destruction by night_: gen. pl.
+niht-bealwa, 193.
+
+niht-helm, st. m., _veil_ or _canopy of night_: nom. sg., 1790.
+
+niht-long, adj., _lasting through the night_: acc. sg. m. niht-longne fyrst
+(_space of a night_), 528.
+
+niht-weorc, st. n., _night-work, deed done at night_: instr. sg.
+niht-weorce, 828.
+
+niman, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to take, hold, seize, undertake_: pret. sg. nam
+þa mid handa hige-þihtigne rinc, 747; pret. pl. we . . . niode naman,
+2117.--2) _to take, take away, deprive of_: pres. sg. se þe hine deaeth nimeeth
+(_he whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 447; nymeeth, 1847; nymeeth nyd-bade,
+599; subj. pres. gif mec hild nime, 452, 1482; pret. sg. ind. nam on
+Ongenþio iren-byrnan, 2987; ne nom he ... maethm-aehta ma (_he took no more of
+the rich treasures_), 1613; pret. part. þa waes ... seo cwen numen (_the
+queen carried off_), 1154.
+
+be-niman, _to deprive of_: pret. sg. oeth þaet hine yldo benam maegenes wynnum
+(_till age bereft him of joy in his strength_), 1887.
+
+for-niman, _to carry off_: pres. sg. þe þa deaeth for-nam (_whom death
+carried off_), 488; so, 557, 696, 1081, 1124, 1206, 1437, etc. Also, dat.
+for acc.: pret. pl. him irenna ecge fornamon, 2829.
+
+ge-niman: 1) _to take, seize_: pret. sg. (hine) be healse ge-nam (_clasped
+him around the neck, embraced him_), 1873.--2) _to take, take away_: pret.
+on reste genam þritig þegna, 122; heo under heolfre genam cuethe folme, 1303;
+segn eac genom, 2777; þa mec sinca baldor ... aet minum faeder genam (_took
+me at my father's hands, adopted me_), 2430; pret. part. genumen, 3167.
+
+ge-nip, st. n., _darkness, mist, cloud_: acc. pl. under naessa genipu, 1361;
+ofer floda genipu, 2809.
+
+nis, from ne-is (_is not_): see wesan.
+
+niwe, niowe, adj., _new, novel; unheard-of_: nom. sg. sweg up a-stag niwe
+geneahhe (_a monstrous hubbub arose_), 784; beorh ... niwe (_a
+newly-raised(?) grave-mound_), 2244; acc. sg. niwe sibbe (_the new
+kinship_), 950; instr. sg. niwan stefne (properly, nova voce; here = de
+novo, iterum, _again_), 2595; niowan stefne (_again_), 1790; gen. pl. niwra
+spella (_new tidings_), 2899.
+
+ge-niwian, w. v., _to renew_: pret. part. ge-niwod, 1304, 1323; geniwad,
+2288.
+
+niw-tyrwed, pret. part., _newly-tarred_: acc. sg. niw-tyrwedne (-tyrwydne,
+MS.) nacan, 295.
+
+nieth, st. m., properly only _zeal, endeavor_; then _hostile endeavor,
+hostility, battle, war_: nom. sg., 2318; acc. sg. nieth, 184, 276; Wedera nieth
+(_enmity against the W., the sorrows of the Weders_), 423; dat. sg. wieth
+(aet) niethe, 828, 2586; instr. niethe, 2681; gen. pl. nietha, 883, 2351, 2398,
+etc.; also instr. = _by, in, battle_, 846, 1440, 1963, 2171, 2207.--Comp.:
+bealo-, faer-, here-, hete-, inwit-, searo-, wael-nieth.
+
+nieth-draca, w. m., _battle-dragon_: nom. sg., 2274.
+
+nieth-gast, st. m., _hostile alien, fell demon_: acc. sg. þone nieth-gaest (_the
+dragon_), 2700.
+
+nieth-geweorc, st. n., _work of enmity, deed of evil_: gen. pl. -geweorca,
+684.
+
+nieth-grim, adj., _furious in battle, savage_: nom. sg., 193.
+
+nieth-heard, adj., _valiant in war_: nom. sg., 2418.
+
+nieth-hydig, adj., _eager for battle, valorous_: nom. pl. nieth-hydige men,
+3167.
+
+ge-niethla, w. m., _foe, persecutor, waylayer_: in comp. ferheth-,
+feorh-geniethla.
+
+nieth-wundor, st. n., _hostile wonder, strange marvel of evil_: acc. sg.,
+1366.
+
+nipan, st. v., _to veil, cover over, obscure_; pres. part. nipende niht,
+547, 650.
+
+nolde, from ne-wolde (_would not_); see willan.
+
+noreth, adv., _northward_, 859.
+
+norethan, adv., _from the north_, 547.
+
+nose, w. f., _projection, cliff, cape_: dat. sg. of hliethes nosan, 1893; aet
+brimes nosan, 2804.
+
+no (strengthened neg.), _not, not at all, by no means_, 136, 244, 587, 755,
+842, 969, 1736, etc.; strengthened by following ne, 459(?), 1509; no ... no
+(_neither ... nor_), 541-543; so, no ... ne, 168. See ne.
+
+noether (from na-hwaeether), neg., _and not, nor_, 2125.
+
+ge-noh, adj., _sufficient, enough_: acc. sg. faehetho genoge, 2490; acc. pl.
+genoge ... beagas, 3105.
+
+non, st. f., [Eng. _noon_], ninth hour of the day, three o'clock in the
+afternoon of our reckoning_ (the day was reckoned from six o'clock in the
+morning; cf. Bouterwek Screadunga, 24 _2_: we hataeth aenne daeg fram sunnan
+upgange oeth aefen): nom. sg. non, 1601.
+
+nu, adv.: l) _now, at present_, 251, 254, 375, 395, 424, 426, 489, etc.: nu
+gyt (_up to now, hitherto_), 957; nu gen (_now still, yet_), 2860; (_now
+yet, still_), 3169.--2) conj., _since, inasmuch as_: nu þu lungre geong ...
+nu se wyrm ligeeth (_go now quickly, since the dragon lieth dead_), 2746; so,
+2248; þaet þu me ne forwyrne ... nu ic þus feorran com (_that do not thou
+refuse me, since I am come so far_), 430; so, 1476; nu ic on maethma hord
+mine bebohte frode feorh-lege, fremmaeth ge nu (_as I now..., so do ye_),
+2800; so, 3021.
+
+nymethe, conj. w. subj., _if not, unless_, 782; nymethe mec god scylde (_if God
+had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+nyt, st. f., _duty, service, office, employment_: acc. sg. þegn nytte
+beheold (_did his duty_), 494; so, 3119.--Comp.: sund-, sundor-nyt.
+
+nyt, adj., _useful_: acc. pl. m. nytte, 795; comp. un-nyt.
+
+ge-nyttian, w. v., _to make use of, enjoy_: pret. part. haefde eoreth-scrafa
+ende ge-nyttod (_had enjoyed, made use of_), 3047.
+
+nyd, st. f., _force, necessity, need, pain_: acc. sg. þurh deaethes nyd,
+2455; instr. sg. nyde, 1006. In comp. (like nyd-maga, consanguineus, in
+AEthelred's Laws, VI. 12, Schmid, p. 228; ned-maga, in Cnut's Laws, I. 7,
+ibid., p. 258); also, _tie of blood._--Comp. þrea-nyd.
+
+ge-nydan, w. v.: 1) _to force, compel_: pret. part. niethe ge-nyded (_forced
+by hostile power_), 2681.--2) _to force upon_: pret. part. acc. sg. f. nyde
+genydde ... gearwe stowe (_the inevitable place prepared for each_, i.e.
+the bed of death), 1006.
+
+nyd-bad, st. f., _forced pledge, pledge demanded by force_: acc. pl.
+nyd-bade, 599.
+
+nyd-gestealla, w. m., _comrade in need_ or _united by ties of blood_: nom.
+pl. nyd-gesteallan, 883.
+
+nyd-gripe, st. m., _compelling grip_: dat. sg. in nyd-gripe (mid-gripe,
+MS.), 977.
+
+nyd-wracu, st. f., _distressful persecution, great distress_: nom. sg.,
+193.
+
+nyhst. See neah.
+
+
+O
+
+oethethe, conj.: 1) _or; otherwise_, 283, 437, 636, 638, 694, 1492, 1765,
+etc.--2) _and_(?), _till_(?), 650, 2476, 3007.
+
+of, prep. w. dat., _from, off from_: 1) _from some point of view_: ge-seah
+of wealle (_from the wall_), 229; so, 786; of hefene scineeth (_shineth from
+heaven_), 1572; of hliethes nosan gaestas grette (_from the cliff's
+projection_), 1893; of þam leoma stod (_from which light streamed_), 2770;
+þaer waes maethma fela of feorwegum ... gelaeded (_from distant lands_), 37; þa
+com of more (_from the moor_), 711, 922.--2) _forth from, out of_: hwearf
+of earde (_wandered from his home, died_), 56; so, 265, 855, 2472; þa ic of
+searwum com (_when I had escaped from the persecutions of the foe_), 419;
+þa him Hroethgar gewat ... ut of healle (_out of the hall_), 664; so, 2558,
+2516; 1139, 2084, 2744; wudu-rec a-stah sweart of (ofer) swioethole (_black
+wood-reek ascended from the smoking fire_), 3145; (icge gold) a-haefen of
+horde (_lifted from the hoard_), 1109; let þa of breostum ... word ut faran
+(_from his breast_), 2551; dyde ... helm of hafelan (_doffed his helmet_),
+673; so, 1130; sealdon win of wunder-fatum (_presented wine from wondrous
+vessels_), 1163; siethethan hyne Haeethcyn of horn-bogan ... flane geswencte
+(_with an arrow shot from the horned bow_), 2438; so, 1434. Prep.
+postponed: þa he him of dyde isern-byrnan (_doffed his iron corselet_),
+672.
+
+ofer, prep. w. dat. and acc., _over, above_: 1) w. dat, _over_ (rest,
+locality): Wiglaf siteeth ofer Biowulfe, 2908; ofer aeethelinge, 1245; ofer
+eorethan, 248, 803, 2008; ofer wer-þeode (_over the earth, among mankind_),
+900; ofer yethum, 1908; ofer hron-rade (_over the sea_), 10; so, 304, 1287,
+1290, etc.; ofer ealowaege (_over the beer-cup, drinking_), 481.--2) w. acc.
+of motion: a) _over_ (local): ofer yethe (_over the waves_), 46, 1910; ofer
+swan-rade (_over the swan-road, the sea_), 200; ofer waegholm, 217; ofer
+geofenes be-gang, 362; so, 239, 240, 297, 393, 464, 471, etc.; ofer bolcan
+(_over the gangway_), 231; ofer landa fela (_over many lands_), 311; so,
+1405, 1406; ofer heahne hrof (_along upon (under?) the high roof_), 984;
+ofer eormen-grund (_over the whole earth_), 860; ofer ealle (_over all, on
+all sides_), 2900, 650; so, 1718;--606, 900, 1706; ofer borda gebraec
+(_over, above, the crashing of shields_), 2260; ofer bord-(scild) weall,
+2981, 3119. Temporal: ofer þa niht (_through the night, by night_), 737. b)
+w. verbs of saying, speaking, _about, of, concerning_: he ofer benne spraec,
+2725. c) _beyond, over_: ofer min ge-met (_beyond my power_), 2880;--hence,
+_against, contrary to_: he ofer willan giong (_went against his will_),
+2410; ofer ealde riht (_against the ancient laws_, i.e. the ten
+commandments), 2331;--also, _without_: wig ofer waepen (_war sans,
+dispensing with, weapons_), 686;--temporal = _after_: ofer eald-gewin
+(_after long, ancient, suffering_), 1782.
+
+ofer-hygd, st. n., _arrogance, pride, conceit_: gen. pl. ofer-hygda, 1741;
+ofer-hyda, 1761.
+
+ofer-maethum, st. m., _very rich treasure_: dat. pl. ofer-maethmum, 2994.
+
+ofer-maegen, st. n., _over-might, superior numbers_: dat. sg. mid
+ofer-maegene, 2918.
+
+ofer-þearf, st. f., _dire distress, need_: dat. sg. [for ofer] þea[rfe],
+2227.
+
+oft, adv., _often_, 4, 165, 444, 572, 858, 908, 1066, 1239, etc.; oft [no]
+seldan, 2030; oft nalles aene, 3020; so, 1248, 1888. Compar. oftor, 1580.
+Superl. oftost, 1664.
+
+om-, on-. See am-, an-.
+
+ombiht. See ambiht.
+
+oncer. See ancer.
+
+ond. See and.
+
+onsyn. See ansyn.
+
+on, prep. w. dat. and acc., signifying primarily _touching on, contact
+with_: I. local, w. dat.: a) _on, upon, in at_ (of exterior surface): on
+heah-stede (_in the high place_), 285; on minre eethel-tyrf (_in my native
+place_), 410; on þaem meethel-stede, 1083; so, 2004; on þam holmclife, 1422;
+so, 1428; on foldan (_on earth_), 1197; so, 1533, 2997; on þaere medu-bence
+(_on the mead-bench_), 1053; beornas on blancum (_the heroes on the
+dapple-greys_), 857, etc.; on raeste (_in bed_), 1299; on stapole (_at,
+near, the pillar_), 927; on wealle, 892; on wage (_on the wall_), 1663; on
+þaem wael-stenge (_on the battle-lance_), 1639; on eaxle (_on his shoulder_),
+817, 1548; on bearme, 40; on breostum, 552; on hafelan, 1522; on handa (_in
+his hand_), 495, 540; so, 555, 766; on him byrne scan (_on him shone the
+corselet_), 405; on ore (_at the front_), 1042; on corethre (_at the head of,
+among, his troop_), 1154; scip on ancre (_the ship at anchor_), 303; þaet he
+on heoethe ge-stod (_until he stood in the hall_), 404; on faeder staele (_in a
+father's place_), 1480; on yethum (_on the waves, in the water_), 210, 421,
+534, 1438; on holme, 543; on eg-streamum, 577; on segl-rade, 1438, etc.; on
+flode, 1367. The prep. postponed: Freslondum on, 2358.--b) _in, inside of_
+(of inside surface): secg on searwum (_a champion in armor_), 249; so, 963;
+on wig-geatwum, 368; (reced) on þaem se rica bad (_in which the mighty one
+abode_), 310; on Heorote (_in Heorot_), 475, 497, 594, 1303; on beor-sele,
+492, 1095; on healle, 615, 643; so, 639, 1017, 1026, etc.; on burgum (_in
+the cities, boroughs_), 53; on helle, 101; on sefan minum (_in my mind_),
+473; on mode, 754; so, 755, 949, 1343, 1719, etc.; on aldre (_in his
+vitals_), 1435; on middan (in medio), 2706.--c) _among, amid_: on searwum
+(_among the arms_), 1558; on gemonge (_among the troop_), 1644; on þam
+leod-scipe (_among the people_), 2198; nymethe liges faeethm swulge on swaethule
+(_unless the embracing flame should swallow it in smoke_), 783;--_in, with,
+touched by, possessing something_: þa waes on salum sinces brytta (_then was
+the dispenser of treasure in joy_), 608; so, 644, 2015; waes on hreon mode,
+1308; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582, 2296; heo waes on ofste (_she was in
+haste_), 1293; so, 1736, 1870; þa waes on blode brim weallende (_there was
+the flood billowing in, with, blood_), 848; (he) waes on sunde (_was
+a-swimming_), 1619; waes to fore-mihtig feond on feethe (_too powerful in
+speed_), 971; þaer waes swigra secg ... on gylpspraece (_there was the
+champion more silent in his boasting speech_), 982;--_in; full of,
+representing, something_: on weres waestmum (_in man's form_), 1353.--d)
+_attaching to_, hence _proceeding from; from something_: ge-hyrde on
+Beowulfe faest-raedne ge-þoht (_heard in, from, B. the fixed resolve_), 610;
+þaet he ne mette ... on elran men mund-gripe maran, 753;--hence, with verbs
+of taking: on raeste genam (_took from his bed_), 122; so, 748, 2987; hit aer
+on þe gode be-geaton (_took it before from thee_), 2249.--e) _with_: swa
+hit lungre weareth on hyra sinc-gifan sare ge-endod (_as it, too, soon
+painfully came to an end with the dispenser of treasure_), 2312.--f) _by_:
+maeg þonne on þaem golde ongitan Geata dryhten (_the lord of the Geatas may
+perceive by the gold_), 1485.--g) _to_, after weorethan: þaet he on fylle
+weareth (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.
+
+With acc.: a) w. verbs of moving, doing, giving, seeing, etc., _up to, on,
+upon, in_: a-ledon þa leofne þeoden ... on bearm scipes, 35; on stefn (on
+wang) stigon, 212, 225; þa him mid scoldon on flodes aeht feor ge-witan, 42;
+se þe wieth Brecan wunne on sidne sae (_who strovest in a swimming-match with
+B. on the broad sea_), 507, cf. 516; þaet ic on holma ge-þring eorlscipe
+efnde (_that I should venture on the sea to do valiant deeds_), 2133; on
+feonda geweald siethian, 809; þara þe on swylc staraeth, 997; so, 1781; on
+lufan laeteeth hworfan (_lets him turn his thoughts to love?, to
+possessions?_), 1729; him on mod bearn (_came into his mind, occurred to
+him_), 67; raesde on þone rofan (_rushed on the powerful one_), 2691; (cwom)
+on worethig (_came into the palace_), 1973; so, 27, 242, 253, 512, 539, 580,
+677, 726, etc.; on weg (_away_), 764, 845, 1383, 1431, 2097.--b) _towards,
+on_: gode gewyrcean ... on faeder wine (pl.), 21.--c) aim or object, _to,
+for the object, for, as, in, on_: on þearfe (_in his need, in his strait_),
+1457; so, on hyra man-dryhtnes miclan þearfe, 2850; wraethum on andan (_as a
+terror to the foe_), 709; Hroethgar maethelode him on andsware (_said to him in
+reply_), 1841; betst beado-rinca waes on bael gearu (_on the pyre ready_),
+1110; wig-heafolan baer frean on fultum (_for help_), 2663; weareth on bid
+wrecen (_forced to wait_), 2963.--d) ground, reason, _according to, in
+conformity with_: rodera raedend hit on ryht gesced (_decided it in
+accordance with right_), 1556; ne me swor fela aetha on unriht (_swore no
+oaths unjustly, falsely_), 2740; on sped (_skilfully_), 874; nallas on gylp
+seleeth faette beagas (_giveth no gold-wrought rings as he promised_), 1750;
+on sinne selfes dom (_boastingly, at his own will_), 2148; him eal worold
+wendeeth on willan (_according to his will_), 1740.--e) w. verbs of buying,
+_for, in exchange for_: me ic on maethma hord mine be-bohte frode feorh-lege
+(_for the hoard of jewels_), 2800.--f) _of, as to_: ic on Higelace wat,
+Geata dryhten (_I know with respect to, as to, of, H._), 1831; so, 2651;
+þaet heo on aenigne eorl ge-lyfde fyrena frofre (_that she should rely on any
+earl for help out of trouble_), 628; þa hie ge-truwedon on twa healfa (_on
+both sides, mutually_), 1096; so, 2064; þaet þu him ondraedan ne þearft ...
+on þa healfe (_from, on this side_), 1676.--g) after superlatives or
+virtual superlatives = _among_: naes ... sinc-maethethum selra (= þaet waes
+sinc-maethma selest) on sweordes had (_there was no better jewel in sword's
+shape_, i.e. among all swords there was none better), 2194; se waes Hroethgare
+haeleetha leofost on ge-siethes had (_dearest of men as, in the character of,
+follower_, etc.), 1298.
+
+II. Of time: a) w. dat., _in, inside of, during, at_: on fyrste (_in time,
+within the time appointed_), 76; on uhtan (_at dawn_), 126; on mergenne
+(_at morn, on the morrow_), 565, 2940; on niht, 575; on wanre niht, 703; on
+tyn dagum, 3161; so, 197, 719, 791, 1063, etc.; on geogoethe (_in youth_),
+409, 466; on geogoeth-feore, 537; so, 1844; on orlege (_in, during, battle_),
+1327; hu lomp eow on lade (_on the way_), 1988; on gange (_in going, en
+route_), 1885; on sweofote (_in sleep_), 1582.--b) w. acc., _towards,
+about_: on undern-mael (_in the morning, about midday_), 1429; on
+morgen-tid, 484, 518; on morgen, 838; on ende-staef (_toward the end, at
+last_), 1754; oftor micle þonne on aenne sieth (_far oftener than once_),
+1580.
+
+III. With particles: him on efn (_beside, alongside of, him_), 2904; on
+innan (_inside, within_), 71, 1741, 1969, 2453, 2716; þaer on innan (_in
+there_), 2090, 2215, 2245. With the relative þe often separated from its
+case: þe ic her on starie (_that I here look on, at_), 2797; þe ge þaer on
+standaeth (_that ye there stand in_), 2867.
+
+on-cyeth (cf. Dietrich in Haupt's Zeits. XI., 412), st. f., _pain,
+suffering_: nom. sg., 1421; acc. sg. or pl. on-cyethethe, 831.
+
+on-drysne, adj., _frightful, terrible_: acc. sg. firen on-drysne, 1933.
+
+onettan (for anettan, from root an-, Goth. inf. anan, _to breathe, pant_),
+w. v., _to hasten_: pret. pl. onetton, 306, 1804.
+
+on-licnes, st. f., _likeness, form, figure_: nom. sg., 1352.
+
+on-medla, w. m., _pride, arrogance_: dat. sg. for on-medlan, 2927. Cf.
+Bugge in Zacher's Zeits. 4, 218 seqq.
+
+on-saege, adj., _tending to fall, fatal_: nom. sg. þa waes Hondscio (dat.)
+hild on-saege, 2077; Haeethcynne weareth ... gueth on-saege, 2484.
+
+on-weald, st. m., _power, authority_: acc. sg. (him) bega ge-hwaeethres ...
+onweald ge-teah (_gave him power over, possession of, both_), 1044.
+
+open, adj., _open_: acc. sg. hord-wynne fond ... opene standan, 2272.
+
+openian, w. v., _to open_, w. acc.: inf. openian, 3057.
+
+orc (O.S. orc, Goth. aurkei-s), st. m., _crock, vessel, can _: nom. pl.
+orcas, 3048; acc. pl. orcas, 2761.
+
+orcne, st. m., _sea-monster_: nom. pl. orcneas, 112.
+
+ord, st. n. _point_: nom. sg. oeth þaet wordes ord breost-hord þurh-braec
+(_till the word-point broke through his breast-hoard, came to utterance_),
+2792; acc. sg. ord (_sword-point_), 1550; dat. instr. orde (id.), 556; on
+orde (_at the head of, in front_ [of a troop]), 2499, 3126.
+
+ord-fruma, w. m., _head lord, high prince_: nom. sg., 263.
+
+oret-mecg, st. m., _champion, warrior, military retainer_: nom. pl.
+oret-mecgas, 363, 481; acc. pl. oret-mecgas, 332.
+
+oretta, w. m., _champion, fighter, hero_: nom. sg., 1533, 2539.
+
+or-leg, st. n., _war, battle_: dat. sg. on orlege, 1327; gen. sg. or-leges,
+2408.
+
+or-leg-hwil, st. f., _time of battle, war-time_: nom. sg. [or-leg]-hwil,
+2003; gen. sg. orleg-hwile, 2912; gen. pl orleg-hwila, 2428.
+
+or-leahtre, adj., _blameless_: nom. sg 1887.
+
+or-þanc (cf. Gloss. Aldhelm. mid or-þance = argumento in Haupt XI., 436;
+orþancum = machinamentis, _ibid._ 477; or-þanc-scipe = mechanica, 479), st.
+m., _mechanical art, skill_: instr. pl. or-þoncum, 2088; smiethes or-þancum,
+406.
+
+or-wena, adj. (weak form), _hopeless, despairing_, w. gen.: aldres or-wena
+(_hopeless of life_), 1003, 1566.
+
+or-wearde, adj., _unguarded, without watch_ or _guard_: adv., 3128.
+
+orueth, st. n., _breath, snorting_: nom. sg., 2558; dat. oreethe, 2840.
+
+
+O
+
+oeth (Goth. und, O.H.G. unt, unz): 1) prep. w. acc., _to, till, up to_, only
+temporal: oeth þone anne daeg, 2400; oeth domes daeg, 3070; o woruld-ende,
+3084.--2) oeth þaet, conj. w. depend, indicative clause, _till, until_, 9, 56,
+66, 100, 145. 219, 296, 307, etc.
+
+oether (Goth. anþar), num.: 1) _one or other of two, a second_, = alter: nom.
+sg. subs.: se oether, 2062; oether(_one_ i.e. of my blood-relations, Haeethcyn and
+Hygelac), 2482; oether ... oether (_the one ... the other_), 1350-1352. Adj.:
+oether ... mihtig man-sceaetha (_the second mighty, fell foe_, referring to
+1350), 1339; se oether ... haele, 1816; fem. niht oether, 2118; neut. oether gear
+(_the next, second, year_), 1134; acc. sg. m. oetherne, 653, 1861, 2441,
+2485; þenden reafode rinc oetherne(_whilst one warrior robbed the other_,
+i.e. Eofor robbed Ongenþeow), 2986; neut. oether swylc(_another such, an
+equal number_), 1584; instr. sg. oethre siethe (_for the second time, again_),
+2671, 3102; dat. sg. oethrum, 815, 1030, 1166, 1229, 1472, 2168, 2172, etc.;
+gen. sg. m. oethres dogores, 219, 606; neut. oethres, 1875.--2) _another, a
+different one_, = alius: nom. sg., subs. oether, 1756; oether naenig (_no
+other_), 860. Adj.: aenig oether man, 503, 534; so, 1561; oether in (_a
+different house_ or _room_), 1301; acc. sg. oether flet, 1087; gen. sg. oethres
+... yrfe-weardes, 2452; acc. pl. ealo drincende oether saedan (_ale drinkers
+said other things_), 1946; acc. pl. neut. word oether, 871.
+
+ofer, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. on ofre, 1372.
+
+ofost, st. f., _haste_: nom. sg. ofost is selest to gecyethanne (_haste is
+best to make known, best to say at once_), 256; so, 3008; dat. sg. beo þu
+on ofeste (ofoste) (_be in haste, hasten_), 386, 2748; on ofste, 1293; on
+ofoste, 2784, 3091.
+
+ofost-lice, adv., _in haste, speedily_, 3131.
+
+o-hwaer, adv., _anywhere_, 1738, 2871.
+
+omig, adj., _rusty_: nom. sg., 2764; nom. pl. omige, 3050.
+
+or, st. n., _beginning, origin; front_: nom. sg., 1689; acc. sg., 2408;
+dat. sg. on ore, 1042.
+
+o-wiht, _anything, aught_: instr. sg. o-wihte (_in any way_), 1823, 2433.
+
+
+P
+
+pad, st. f., _dress_; in comp. here-pad.
+
+paeeth, st. m., _path, road, way_; in comp. an-paeeth.
+
+plega, w. m., _play, emulous contest_; lind-plega, 1074.
+
+
+R
+
+raethe, adv., _quickly, immediately_, 725, Cf. hraethe.
+
+rand, rond, st. m., _shield_: acc. sg, rand, 683; rond, 657, 2567, 2610;
+dat. ronde (rond, MS.), 2674; under rande, 1210; bi ronde, 2539; acc. pl.
+randas, 231; rondas, 326, 2654.--Comp.: bord-, hilde-, sid-rand.
+
+rand-haebbend, pres. part., _shield-bearer_, i.e. _man at arms, warrior_:
+gen. pl. rond-haebbendra, 862.
+
+rand-wiga, w. m., _shield-warrior, shield-bearing warrior_: nom. sg., 1299;
+acc. sg. rand-wigan, 1794.
+
+rad, st. f., _road, street_; in comp. hran-, segl-, swan-rad.
+
+ge-rad, adj., _clever, skilful, ready_: acc. pl. neut. ge-rade, 874.
+
+rap, st. m., _rope, bond, fetter_: in comp. wael-rap.
+
+rasian, w. v., _to find, discover_: pret. part. þa waes hord rasod, 2284.
+
+raest. See rest.
+
+raecan, w. v., _to reach, reach after_: pret. sg. raehte ongean feond mid
+folme (_reached out his hand toward the foe_), 748.
+
+ge-raecan, _to attain, strike, attack_: pret. sg. hyne ... waepne ge-raehte
+(_struck him with his sword_), 2966; so, 556.
+
+raed, st. m.: 1) _advice, counsel, resolution; good counsel, help_: nom. sg.
+nu is raed gelong eft aet þe anum (_now is help to be found with thee
+alone_), 1377; acc. sg. raed, 172, 278, 3081.--2) _advantage, gain, use_:
+acc. sg. þaet raed talaeth (_counts that a gain_), 2028; ecne raed (_the eternal
+gain, everlasting life_), 1202; acc. pl. ece raedas, 1761.--Comp.: folc-raed,
+and adj., an-, faest-raed.
+
+raedan, st. v., _to rule; reign; to possess_: pres. part. rodera raedend
+(_the ruler of the heavens_), 1556; inf. þone þe þu mid rihte raedan
+sceoldest (_that thou shouldst possess by rights_), 2057; wolde dom godes
+daedum raedan gumena gehwylcum (_God's doom would rule over, dispose of,
+every man in deeds_), 2859. See sele-raedend.
+
+raed-bora, w. m. _counsellor, adviser_: nom. sg., 1326.
+
+raeden, st. f., _order, arrangement, law_: see Note on 1143; comp.
+worold-raeden(?).
+
+a-raeran, w. v.: 1) _to raise, lift up_: pret. pl. þa waeron monige þe his
+maeg ... ricone a-raerdon (_there were many that lifted up his brother
+quickly_), 2984.--2) figuratively, _to spread, disseminate_: pret. part.
+blaed is a-raered (_thy renown is far-spread_), 1704.
+
+raes, st. m., _on-rush, attack, storm_: acc. sg. guethe raes (_the storm of
+battle, attack_), 2627; instr. pl. guethe raesum, 2357.--Comp.: gueth-, hand-,
+heaetho-, maegen-, wael-raes.
+
+(ge-)raesan, w. v., _to rush (upon)_: pret. sg. raesde on þone rofan, 2691,
+2840.
+
+raeswa, w. m., _prince, ruler_: dat. sg. weoroda raeswan, 60.
+
+reccan, w. v., _to explicate, recount, narrate_: inf. frum-sceaft fira
+feorran reccan (_recount the origin of man from ancient times_), 91;
+gerund, to lang is to reccenne, hu ic ... (_too long to tell how I_...),
+2094; pret. sg. syllic spell rehte (_told a wondrous tale_), 2111; so
+intrans. feorran rehte (_told of olden times_), 2107.
+
+reced, st. n., _building, house; hall_ (complete in itself): nom. sg., 412,
+771, 1800; acc. sg., 1238; dat. sg. recede, 721, 729, 1573; gen. sg.
+recedes, 326, 725, 3089; gen. pl. receda, 310.--Comp.: eoreth-, heal-, horn-,
+win-reced.
+
+regn-heard, adj., _immensely strong, firm_: acc. pl. rondas regn-hearde,
+326.
+
+regnian, renian, w. v., _to prepare, bring on_ or _about_: inf. deaeth
+ren[ian] hond-gesteallan (_prepare death for his comrade_), 2169.
+
+ge-regnian, _to prepare, deck out, adorn_: pret. part. medu-benc monig ...
+golde ge-regnad, 778.
+
+regn-, ren-weard, st. m., _mighty guardian_: nom. pl. ren-weardas (of
+Beowulf and Grendel contending for the possession of the hall), 771.
+
+rest, raest, st. f.: 1) _bed, resting-place_: acc. sg. raeste, 139; dat. sg.
+on raeste (genam) (_from his resting-place_), 1299, 1586; to raeste (_to
+bed_), 1238. Comp.: flet-raest, sele-rest, wael-rest.--2) _repose, rest_; in
+comp. aefen-raest.
+
+ge-reste (M.H.G. reste), f., _resting-place_: in comp. wind-gereste.
+
+restan, w. v.: 1) _to rest_: inf. restan, 1794; pret. sg. reflex. reste
+hine þa rum-heort, 1800.--2) _to rest, cease_: inf., 1858.
+
+rec (O.H.G. rouh), st. m., _reek, smoke_: instr. sg. rece, 3157.--Comp.:
+wael-, wudu-rec.
+
+recan (O.H.G. ruohjan), w. v. w. gen., _to reck, care about something, be
+anxious_: pres. sg. III. waepna ne receeth (_recketh not for weapons, weapons
+cannot hurt him_), 434.
+
+reethe, adj., _wroth, furious_: nom. sg., 122, 1586; nom. pl. reethe, 771.
+Also, of things, _wild, rough, fierce_: gen. sg. reethes and-hattres
+(_fierce, penetrating heat_), 2524.
+
+reaf, st. n., _booty, plunder in war; clothing, garments_ (as taken by the
+victor from the vanquished): in comp. heaetho-, wael-reaf.
+
+reafian, w. v., _to plunder, rob_, w. acc.: inf. hord reafian, 2774; pret.
+sg. þenden reafode rinc oetherne, 2986; wael reafode, 3028; pret. pl. wael
+reafedon, 1213.
+
+be-reafian, w. instr., _to bereave, rob of_: pret. part. since be-reafod,
+2747; golde be-reafod, 3019.
+
+reord, st. f., _speech, language; tone of voice_: acc. sg. on-cniow mannes
+reorde (_knew, heard, a human voice_), 2556.
+
+reordian, w. v., _to speak, talk_: inf. fela reordian _(speak much_), 3026.
+
+ge-reordian, _to entertain, to prepare for_: pret. part. þa waes eft swa aer
+... flet-sittendum faegere ge-reorded (_again, as before, the guests were
+hospitably entertained_), 1789
+
+reot, st. m.?, f.?, _noise, tumult_? (_grave_?): instr. sg. reote, 2458.
+Bugge, in Zachers Zeits. 4, 215, takes reote as dat. from reot (_rest,
+repose_).
+
+reoc, adj., _savage, furious_: nom. sg., 122.
+
+be-reofan, st. v., _to rob of, bereave_: pret. part. w. instr. acc. sg.
+fem. golde berofene, 2932; instr. sg. reote berofene, 2458.
+
+reon. See rowan.
+
+reotan, st. v., _to weep_: pres. pl. oeth þaet ... roderas reotaeth, 1377.
+
+reow, adj., _excited, fierce, wild_: in comp. blod-, gueth-, wael-reow. See
+hreow.
+
+ricone, _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 2984.
+
+riht, st. n., _right_ or _privilege; the_ (abstract) _right_: acc. sg. on
+ryht (_according to right_), 1556; soeth and riht (_truth and right_), 1701;
+dat. sg. wieth rihte, 144; aefter rihte (_in accordance with right_), 1050;
+syllic spell rehte aefter rihte _(told a wondrous tale truthfully_), 2111;
+mid rihte, 2057; acc. pl. ealde riht (_the ten commandments_), 2331;
+--Comp. in eethel-, folc-, land-, un-, word-riht.
+
+riht, adj., _straight, right_: in comp. up-riht.
+
+rihte, adv., _rightly, correctly_, 1696. See aet-rihte.
+
+rinc, st. m., _man, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 399, 2986; also of Grendel,
+721; acc. sg. rinc, 742, 748; dat. sg. rince, 953; of Hroethgar, 1678; gen.
+pl. rinca, 412, 729.--Comp. in beado-, gueth-, here-, heaetho-, hilde-, mago-,
+sae-rinc.
+
+ge-risne, ge-rysne, adj., _appropriate, proper_: nom. sg. n. ge-rysne,
+2654.
+
+rice, st. n.: 1) _realm, land ruled over_: nom. sg., 2200, 2208; acc. sg.
+rice, 913, 1734, 1854, 3005; gen. sg. rices, 862, 1391, 1860, 2028, 3081.
+Comp. Swio-rice.--2) _council of chiefs, the king with his chosen
+advisers_(?): nom. sg. oft gesaet rice to rune, 172.
+
+rice, adj., _mighty, powerful_: nom. sg. (of Hroethgar), 1238; (of Hygelac),
+1210; (of Aesc-here), 1299; weak form, se rica (Hroethgar), 310; (Beowulf),
+399; (Hygelac), 1976.--Comp. gimme-rice.
+
+ricsian, rixian, w. v. intrans., _to rule, reign_: inf. ricsian, 2212;
+pret. sg. rixode, 144.
+
+ridan, st. v., _to ride_: subj. pres. þaet his byre ride giong on galgan,
+2446; pres. part. nom. pl. ridend, 2458; inf. wicge ridan, 234; mearum
+ridan, 856; pret. sg. sae-genga ... se þe on ancre rad, 1884; him to-geanes
+rad (_rode to meet them_), 1894; pret. pl. ymbe hlaew riodan (_rode round
+the grave-mound_), 3171.
+
+ge-ridan, w. acc., _to ride over_: pret. sg. se þe naes ge-rad (_who rode
+over the promontory_), 2899.
+
+rim, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. daeg-, un-rim.
+
+ge-rim, st. n., _series, number_: in comp. dogor-ge-rim.
+
+ge-riman, w. v., _to count together, enumerate in all_: pret. part. in
+comp. foreth-gerimed.
+
+a-risan, st. v., _to arise, rise_: imper. sg. a-ris, 1391; pret. sg. a-ras
+þa se rica, 399; so, 652, 1791, 3031; a-ras þa bi ronde (_arose by his
+shield_), 2539; hwanan sio faeheth a-ras (_whence the feud arose_), 2404.
+
+rodor, st. m., _ether, firmament, sky_ (from _radius_?, Bugge): gen. sg.
+rodores candel, 1573; nom. pl. roderas, 1377; dat. pl. under roderum, 310;
+gen. pl. rodera, 1556.
+
+rof, adj., _fierce, of fierce, heroic, strength, strong_: nom. sg., 2539;
+also with gen. maegenes rof (_strong in might_), 2085; so, þeah þe he rof
+sie nieth-geweorca, 683; acc. sg. rofne, 1794; on þone rofan, 2691.--Comp.:
+beadu-, brego-, ellen-, heaetho-, hyge-, sige-rof.
+
+rot, adj., _glad, joyous_: in comp. un-rot.
+
+rowan, st. v., _to row_ (with the arms), _swim_: pret. pl. reon (for
+reowon), 512, 539.
+
+rum, st. m., _space, room_: nom. sg., 2691.
+
+rum, adj.: 1) _roomy, spacious_: nom. sg. þuhte him eall to rum, wongas and
+wic-stede (_fields and dwelling seemed to him all too broad_, i.e. could
+not hide his shame at the unavenged death of his murdered son), 2462.--2)
+in moral sense, _great, magnanimous, noble-hearted_: acc. sg. þurh rumne
+sefan, 278.
+
+rum-heort, adj., _big-hearted, noble-spirited_: nom. sg., 1800, 2111.
+
+ge-rum-lic, adj., _commodious, comfortable_: compar. ge-rum-licor, 139.
+
+run, st. f., _secrecy, secret discussion, deliberation_ or _council_: dat.
+sg. ge-saet rice to rune, 172.--Comp. beado-run.
+
+run-staef, st. m., _rune-stave, runic letter_: acc. pl. þurh run-stafas,
+1696.
+
+run-wita, w. m., _rune-wit, privy councillor, trusted adviser_: nom. sg.,
+1326.
+
+ge-rysne. See ge-risne.
+
+ge-ryman, w. v.: 1) _to make room for, prepare, provide room_: pret. pl.
+þaet hie him oether flet eal ge-rymdon, 1087; pret. part. þa waes Geat-maecgum
+... benc gerymed, 492; so, 1976.--2) _to allow, grant, admit_: pret. part.
+þa me ge-rymed waes (sieth) (_as access was permitted me_), 3089; þa him
+gerymed weareth, þaet hie wael-stowe wealdan moston, 2984.
+
+
+S
+
+ge-saca, w. m., _opponent, antagonist, foe_: acc. sg. ge-sacan, 1774.
+
+sacan, st. v., _to strive, contend_: inf. ymb feorh sacan, 439.
+
+ge-sacan, _to attain, gain by contending_ (Grein): inf. gesacan sceal
+sawl-berendra ... gearwe stowe _(gain the place prepared_, i.e. the
+death-bed), 1005.
+
+on-sacan: 1) (originally in a lawsuit), _to withdraw, take away, deprive
+of_: pres. subj. þaette freoethuwebbe feores on-saece ... leofne mannan,
+1943.--2) _to contest, dispute, withstand_: inf. þaet he saemannum on-sacan
+mihte (i.e. hord, bearn, and bryde), 2955.
+
+sacu, st. f., _strife, hostility, feud_: nom. sg., 1858, 2473; acc. sg.
+saece, 154; saecce, 1978, 1990, 2348, 2500, 2563; dat. sg. aet (to) saecce,
+954, 1619, 1666, 2613, 2660, 2682, 2687; gen. sg. secce, 601; gen. pl.
+saecca, 2030.
+
+ge-sacu, st. f., _strife, enmity_: nom. sg., 1738.
+
+sadol, st. m., _saddle_: nom. sg., 1039.
+
+sadol-beorht, adj., _with bright saddles_ (?): acc. pl. sadol-beorht, 2176.
+
+ge-saga. See secgan.
+
+samne, somne, adv., _together, united_; in aet-somne, _together, united_,
+307, 402, 491, 544, 2848.
+
+to-somne (_together_), 3123; þa se wyrm ge-beah snude to-somne (_when the
+dragon quickly coiled together_), 2569.
+
+samod, somod: I. adv., _simultaneously, at the same time_: somod, 1212,
+1615, 2175, 2988; samod, 2197; samod aet-gaedere, 387, 730, 1064.--II. prep.
+w. dat., _with, at the same time with_: samod aer-daege (_with the break of
+day_), 1312; somod aer-daege, 2943.
+
+sand, st. n., _sand, sandy shore_: dat. sg. on sande, 295, 1897, 3043(?);
+aefter sande (_along the shore_), 1965; wieth sande, 213.
+
+sang, st. m., _song, cry, noise_: nom. sg. sang, 1064; swutol sang scopes,
+90; acc. sg. sige-leasne sang (Grendel's cry of woe), 788; sarigne sang
+(Hreethel's dirge for Herebeald), 2448.
+
+sal, st. m., _rope_: dat. sg. sale, 1907; on sale (sole, MS.), 302.
+
+sal. See sael.
+
+sar, st. n., _wound, pain_ (physical or spiritual): nom. sg. sar, 976; sio
+sar, 2469; acc. sg. sar, 788; sare, 2296; dat. (instr.) sg. sare, 1252,
+2312, 2747.--Comp. lic-sar.
+
+sar, adj., _sore, painful_: instr. pl. sarum wordum, 2059.
+
+sare, adv., _sorely, heavily, ill_, graviter: se þe him [sa]re gesceod
+(_who injured him sorely_), 2224.
+
+sarig, adj., _painful, woeful_: acc. sg. sarigne sang, 2448.
+
+sarig-fereth, adj., _sore-hearted, grieved_: nom. sg. sarig-fereth (Wiglaf),
+2864.
+
+sarig-mod, adj., _sorrowful-minded, saddened_: dat. pl. sarig-modum, 2943.
+
+sar-lic, adj., _painful_: nom. sg., 843; acc. sg. neut., 2110.
+
+sawol, sawl, st. f., _soul_ (the immortal principle as contrasted with lif,
+the physical life): nom. sg. sawol, 2821; acc. sg. sawle, 184, 802; haeethene
+sawle, 853; gen. sg. sawele, 1743; sawle, 2423.
+
+sawl-berend, pres. part., _endowed with a soul, human being_: gen. pl.
+sawl-berendra, 1005.
+
+sawul-dreor, st. n., (blood gushing from the seat of the soul), _soul-gore,
+heart's blood, life's blood_: instr. sg. sawul-driore, 2694.
+
+sawul-leas, adj., _soulless, lifeless_: acc. sg. sawol-leasne, 1407;
+sawul-leasne, 3034.
+
+saece, saecce. See sacu.
+
+saed, adj., _satiated, wearied_: in comp. hilde-saed.
+
+sael, st. n., _habitable space, house_, _hall_: dat. sg. sel, 167; sael, 307,
+2076, 2265.
+
+saeld, st. n., _hall, king's hall_ or _palace_: acc. sg. geond þaet saeld
+(Heorot), 1281.
+
+sae, st. m. and f., _sea, ocean_: nom. sg., 579, 1224; acc. sg. on sidne sae,
+507; ofer sae, 2381; ofer sae side, 2395; dat. sg. to sae, 318; on sae, 544;
+dat. pl. be saem tweonum, 859, 1298, 1686, 1957.
+
+sae-bat, st. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg., 634, 896.
+
+sae-cyning, st. m., _sea-king, king ruling the sea_: gen. pl. sae-cyninga,
+2383.
+
+sae-deor, st. n., _sea-beast, sea-monster_: nom. sg., 1511.
+
+sae-draca, w. m., _sea-dragon_: acc. pl. sae-dracan, 1427.
+
+ge-saegan, w. v., _to fell, slay_: pret. part. haefdon eal-fela eotena cynnes
+sweordum ge-saeged (_felled with the sword_), 885.
+
+saege. See on-saege.
+
+sae-genga, w. m., _sea-goer_, i.e. sea-going ship: nom. sg., 1883, 1909.
+
+sae-geap, adj., _spacious_ (broad enough for the sea): nom. sg. sae-geap
+naca, 1897.
+
+sae-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom, ocean-bottom_: dat. sg. sae-grunde, 564.
+
+sael, sal, sel, st. f.: 1) _favorable opportunity, good_ or _fit time_: nom.
+sg. sael, 623, 1666, 2059; sael and mael, 1009; acc. sg. sele, 1136; gen. pl.
+saela and maela, 1612.--2) _Fate_(?): see Note on l. 51.--3) _happiness,
+joy_: dat. pl. on salum, 608; saelum, 644, 1171, 1323. See sel, adj.
+
+ge-saelan, w. v., _to turn out favorably, succeed_: pret. sg. him ge-saelde
+þaet ...(_he was fortunate enough to_, etc.), 891; so, 574; efne swylce
+maela, swylce hira man-dryhtne þearf ge-saelde (_at such times as need
+disposed it for their lord_), 1251.
+
+saelan (see sal), w. v., _to tie, bind_: pret. sg. saelde ... sieth-faeethme scip,
+1918; pl. sae-wudu saeldon, 226.
+
+ge-saelan, _to bind together, weave, interweave_: pret. part. earm-beaga
+fela searwum ge-saeled (_many curiously interwoven armlets_, i.e. made of
+metal wire: see Guide to Scandinavian Antiquities, p. 48), 2765.
+
+on-saelan, with acc., _to unbind, unloose, open_: on-sael meoto, sige-hreeth
+secgum (_disclose thy views to the men, thy victor's courage_; or, _thy
+presage of victory_?), 489.
+
+sae-lac, st. n., _sea-gift, sea-booty_: instr. sg. sae-lace, 1625; acc. pl.
+þas sae-lac, 1653.
+
+sae-lad, st. f., _sea-way, sea-journey_: dat. sg. sae-lade, 1140, 1158.
+
+sae-liethend, pres. part., _seafarer_: nom. pl. sae-liethend, 411, 1819, 2807;
+sae-liethende, 377.
+
+sae-man, m., _sea-man, sea-warrior_: dat. pl. sae-mannum, 2955; gen. pl.
+sae-manna, 329 (both times said of the Geatas).
+
+saemra, weak adj. compar., _the worse, the weaker_: nom. sg. saemra, 2881;
+dat. sg. saemran, 954.
+
+sae-meethe, adj., _sea-weary, exhausted by sea-travel_: nom. pl. sae-meethe, 325.
+
+sae-naes, st. m., _sea-promontory, cape, naze_: acc. pl. sae-naessas, 223, 571.
+
+saene, adj., _careless, slow_: compar. sg. nom. he on holme waes sundes þe
+saenra, þe hyne swylt fornam (_was the slower in swimming in the sea, whom
+death took away_), 1437.
+
+sae-rinc, st. m., _sea-warrior_ or _hero_: nom. sg., 691.
+
+sae-sieth, st. m., _sea-way, path, journey_: dat. sg. aefter sae-siethe, 1150.
+
+sae-wang, st. m., _sea-shore_ or _beach_: acc. sg. sae-wong, 1965.
+
+sae-weal, st. m., _(sea-wall), seashore_: dat. sg. sae-wealle, 1925.
+
+sae-wudu, st. m., _(sea-wood), vessel, ship_: acc. sg. sae-wudu, 226.
+
+sae-wylm, st. m., _sea-surf, billow_: acc. pl. ofer sae-wylmas, 393.
+
+scacan, sceacan, st. v., properly, _to shake one's self_; hence, _to go,
+glide, pass along_ or _away_: pres. sg. þonne min sceaceeth lif of lice,
+2743; inf. þa com beorht [sunne] scacan [ofer grundas], (_the bright sun
+came gliding over the fields_), 1804; pret. sg. dugueth ellor scoc _(the
+chiefs are gone elsewhither_, i.e. have died), 2255; þonne straela storm ...
+scoc ofer scild-weall (_when the storm of arrows leapt over the wall of
+shields_), 3119; pret. part. waes hira blaed scacen (_their bravest men had
+passed away_), 1125; þa waes winter scacen (_the winter was past_), 1137;
+so, sceacen, 2307, 2728.
+
+scadu, sceadu, st. f., _shadow, concealing veil of night_: acc. sg. under
+sceadu bregdan (i.e. kill), 708.
+
+scadu-genga, w. m., _shadow-goer, twilight-stalker_ (of Grendel): nom. sg.
+sceadu-genga, 704.
+
+scadu-helm, st. m., _shadow-helm, veil of darkness_: gen. pl. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu (_shapes of the shadow, evil spirits wandering by night_), 651.
+
+scalu, st. f., _retinue, band_ (part of an armed force); in comp.
+hand-scalu: mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
+
+scamian, w. v., _to be ashamed_: pres. part. nom. pl. scamiende, 2851; no
+he þaere feoh-gyfte ... scamigan þorfte (_needed not be ashamed of his
+treasure-giving_), 1027.
+
+scawa (see sceawlan), w. m., _observer, visitor_: nom. pl. scawan, 1896.
+
+ge-scad, st. n., _difference, distinction_: acc. sg. aeg-hwaeethres gescad,
+worda and worca (_difference between, of, both words and deeds_), 288.
+
+ge-scadan, st. v., _to decide, adjudge_: pret. sg. rodera raedend hit on
+ryht gesced (_decided it in accordance with right_), 1556.
+
+scanan? See scinan, pret. pl. scionon, 303; the imaginary scanan having
+been abandoned.
+
+ge-scaep-hwile, st. f., _fated hour, hour of death (appointed rest?)_: dat.
+sg. to gescaep-hwile (_at the fated hour_), 26.
+
+sceethethan, w. v., _to scathe, injure_: inf. w. dat. pers., 1034; aldre
+sceethethan (_hurt her life_), 1525; þaet on land Dena laethra naenig mid scipherge
+sceethethan ne meahte (_injure through robber incursions_), 243; pret. sg. þaer
+him naenig waeter wihte ne sceethede, 1515.
+
+ge-sceethethan, the same: inf. þaet him ... ne mihte eorres inwit-feng aldre
+gesceethethan, 1448.
+
+scenc, st. m., _vessel, can_: in comp. medu-scenc.
+
+scencan, w. v., _to hand drink, pour out_: pret. sg. scencte scir wered,
+496 (cf. skinker = cup-bearer).
+
+scenne, w. f.?, _sword-guard?_: dat. pl. on þaem scennum sciran goldes,
+1695.
+
+sceran, st. v., _to shear off, cleave, hew to pieces_: pres. sg. þonne
+heoru bunden ... swin ofer helme andweard scireeth (_hews off the boar-head
+on the helm_), 1288.
+
+ge-sceran, _to divide, hew in two_: pret. sg. helm oft ge-scaer (_often
+clove the helm in two_), 1527; so, gescer, 2974.
+
+scerwen, st. f.?, in comp. ealu-scerwen (_ale-scare_ or _panic_?), 770.
+
+scet. See sceotan.
+
+sceadu. See scadu.
+
+sceaetha, w. m.: 1) _scather, foe_: gen. pl. sceaethena, 4.--2) _fighter,
+warrior_: nom. pl. scaethan, 1804.--Comp.: attor-, dol-, feond-, gueth-,
+hearm-, leod-, man-, sin-, þeod-, uht-sceaetha.
+
+sceaethan, st. v. w. dat., _to scathe, injure, crush_: pret. sg. se þe oft
+manegum scod (_which has oft oppressed many_), 1888.
+
+ge-sceaethan, w. dat., the same: pret. sg. swa him aer gescod hild aet Heorote,
+1588; se þe him sare ge-sceod (_who injured him sorely_), 2224; no þy aer in
+gescod halan lice, 1503; bill aer gescod eald-hlafordes þam þara maethma
+mund-bora waes (_the weapon of the ancient chieftain had before laid low the
+dragon, the guardian of the treasure_), 2778 (or, _sheathed in brass_?, if
+aer and gescod form compound).
+
+sceaethen-mael, st. n., _deadly weapon, hostile sword_: nom. sg., 1940.
+
+sceaft, st. m., _shaft, spear, missile_: nom. sg. sceft, 3119.--Comp.:
+here-, wael-sceaft.
+
+ge-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _creation, earth, earthly existence_: acc. sg. þas
+laenan ge-sceaft, 1623.--2) _fate, destiny_: in comp. foreth-, lif-,
+mael-gesceaft.
+
+scealc, st. m., _servant, military retainer_: nom. sg., 919; (of Beowulf),
+940.--Comp beor-scealc.
+
+ge-sceap, st. n.: 1) _shape, creature_: nom. pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu,
+651.--2) _fate, providence_: acc. sg. heah ge-sceap (_heavy fate_), 3085.
+
+sceapan, sceppan, scyppan, st. v., _to shape, create, order, arrange,
+establish_: pres. part. scyppend (_the Creator_), 106; pret. sg. scop him
+Heort naman (_shaped, gave, it the name Heorot_), 78; pres. part. waes sio
+wroht scepen heard wieth Hugas, syethethan Hygelac cwom (_the contest with the
+Hugas became sharp after H. had come_), 2915.
+
+ge-sceapan, _to shape, create_: pret. sg. lif ge-sceop cynna gehwylcum, 97.
+
+scear, st. m., _massacre_: in comp. gueth-, inwit-scear, 2429, etc.
+
+scearp, adj., _sharp, able, brave_: nom. sg. scearp scyld-wiga,
+288.--Comp.: beadu-, heaetho-scearp.
+
+scearu, st. f., _division, body, troop_: in comp. folc-scearu; _that is
+decided_ or _determined_, in gueth-scearu (_overthrow_?), 1214.
+
+sceat, st. m., _money_; also _unit of value in appraising_ (cf. Rieger in
+Zacher's Zeits. 3, 415): acc. pl. sceattas, 1687. When numbers are given,
+sceat appears to be left out, cf. 2196, 2995 (see þusend).--Comp.
+gif-sceat.
+
+sceat, st. m., _region, field_: acc. pl. gefraetwade foldan sceatas leomum
+and leafum, 96;--_top, surface, part_: gen. pl. eorethan sceata, 753.
+
+sceawere, st. m., _observer, spy_: nom. pl. sceaweras, 253.
+
+sceawian, w. v. w. acc., _to see, look at, observe_: inf. sceawian, 841,
+1414, 2403, 2745, 3009, 3033; sceawigan, 1392; pres. sg. II. þaet ge genoge
+nean sceawiaeth beagas and brad gold, 3105; subj. pres. þaet ic ... sceawige
+swegle searo-gimmas, 2749; pret. sg. sceawode, 1688, 2286, 2794; sg. for
+pl., 844; pret. pl. sceawedon, 132, 204, 984, 1441.
+
+ge-sceawian, _to see, behold, observe_: pret. part. ge-sceawod, 3076, 3085.
+
+sceorp, st. n., _garment_: in comp. hilde-sceorp.
+
+sceotan, st. v., _to shoot, hurl missiles_: pres. sg. se þe of flan-bogan
+fyrenum sceoteeth, 1745; pres. part. nom. pl. sceotend (_the warriors,
+bowmen_), 704, 1155; dat. pl. for sceotendum (MS. scotenum), 1027.
+
+ge-sceotan, w. acc., _to shoot off, hurry_: pret. sg. hord eft gesceat
+(_the dragon darted again back to the treasure_), 2320.
+
+of-sceotan, _to kill by shooting_: pret. sg. his maeg of-scet ... blodigan
+gare _(killed his brother with bloody dart_), 2440.
+
+scild, scyld, st. m., _shield_: nom. sg. scyld, 2571; acc. sg. scyld, 437,
+2076; acc. pl. scyldas, 325, 333, 2851.
+
+scildan, scyldan, w. v., _to shield, protect_: pret. subj. nymethe mec god
+scylde (_if God had not shielded me_), 1659.
+
+scild-freca, w. m., _shield-warrior_ (warrior armed with a shield): nom.
+sg. scyld-freca, 1034.
+
+scild-weall, st. m., _wall of shields_: acc. sg. scild-weall, 3119.
+
+scild-wiga, w. m., _shield-warrior_: nom. sg. scyld-wiga, 288.
+
+scinna, w. m., _apparition, evil spirit_: dat. pl. scynnum, 940.
+
+scip, st. n., _vessel, ship_: nom. sg., 302; acc. sg., 1918; dat. sg. to
+scipe, 1896; gen. sg. scipes, 35, 897; dat pl. to scypum (scypon, MS.),
+1155.
+
+scip-here, st. m., (exercitus navalis) _armada, fleet_: dat. sg. mid
+scip-herge, 243.
+
+ge-scife (for ge-scyfe), adj., _advancing_ (of the dragon's movement),
+2571; = G. _schief_?
+
+scinan, st. v., _to shine, flash_: pres. sg. sunne ... suethan scineeth, 607;
+so, 1572; inf. geseah blacne leoman beorhte scinan, 1518; pret. sg.
+(gueth-byrne, woruld--candel) scan, 321, 1966; on him byrne scan, 405; pret.
+pl. gold-fag scinon web aefter wagum, 995; scionon, 303.
+
+scir, adj., _sheer, pure, shining_: nom. sg. hring-iren scir, 322; scir
+metod, 980; acc. sg. n. scir wered, 496; gen. sg. sciran goldes, 1695.
+
+scir-ham, adj., _bright-armored, clad in bright mail_: nom. pl. scir-hame,
+1896.
+
+scoten. See sceoten.
+
+ge-scod, pret. part., _shod_ (calceatus), _covered_: in comp.
+aer-ge-scod(?). See ge-sceaethan, and Note.
+
+scop, st. m., _singer, shaper, poet_: nom. sg., 496, 1067; gen. sg. scopes,
+90.
+
+scraef, st. n., _hole in the earth, cavern_: in comp. eoreth-scraef.
+
+scriethan, st. v., _to stride, go_: pres. pl. scriethaeth, 163; inf. scriethan,
+651, 704; scriethan to, 2570.
+
+scrifan, st. v., _to prescribe, impose_ (punishment): inf. hu him (Grendel)
+scir metod scrifan wille, 980.
+
+for-scrifan, w. dat. pers., _to proscribe, condemn_: pret. part. siethethan him
+scyppend for-scrifen haefde, 106.
+
+ge-scrifan, _to permit, prescribe_: pret. sg. swa him Wyrd ne ge-scraf (_as
+Weird did not permit him_), 2575.
+
+scrud, st. m., _clothing, covering; ornament_: in comp. beadu-,
+byrdu-scrud.
+
+scucca, w. m., _shadowy sprite, demon_: dat. pl. scuccum, 940.
+
+sculan, aux. v. w. inf.: 1) _shall, must_ (obligation): pres. sg. I., III.
+sceal, 20, 24, 183, 251, 271, 287, 440, 978, 1005, 1173, 1387, 1535, etc.;
+scel, 455, 2805, 3011; II. scealt, 589, 2667; subj. pres. scyle, 2658;
+scile, 3178; pret. ind. sg. I., III. scolde, 10, 806, 820, 966, 1071, 1444,
+1450, etc.; sceolde, 2342, 2409, 2443, 2590, 2964; II. sceoldest, 2057; pl.
+scoldon, 41, 833, 1306, 1638; subj. pret. scolde, 1329, 1478; sceolde,
+2709.--2) w. inf. following it expresses futurity, = _shall, will_: pres.
+sg. I., III. sceal beodan (_shall offer_), 384; so, 424, 438, 602, 637,
+1061, 1707, 1856, 1863, 2070; sceall, 2499, 2509, etc.; II. scealt, 1708;
+pl. wit sculon, 684; subj. pret. scolde, 280, 692, 911; sceolde, 3069.--3)
+sculan sometimes forms a periphrastic phrase or circumlocution for a simple
+tense, usually with a slight feeling of obligation or necessity: pres. sg.
+he ge-wunian sceall (_he inhabits; is said to inhabit?_), 2276; pret. sg.
+se þe waeter-egesan wunian scolde, 1261; waecnan scolde (_was to awake_), 85;
+se þone gomelan gretan sceolde (_was to, should, approach_), 2422; þaet se
+byrn-wiga bugan sceolde (_the corseleted warrior had to bow, fell_), 2919;
+pl. þa þe beado-griman bywan sceoldon (_they that had to polish or deck the
+battle-masks_), 2258; so, 230, 705, 1068.--4) w. omitted inf., such as
+wesan, gangan: unc sceal worn fela maethma ge-maenra (i.e. wesan). 1784; so,
+2660; sceal se hearda helm ... faetum befeallen (i.e. wesan), 2256; ic him
+aefter sceal (i.e. gangan), 2817; subj. þonne þu foreth scyle (i.e. gangan),
+1180. A verb or inf. expressed in an antecedent clause is not again
+expressed with a subsequent sceal: gaeeth a Wyrd swa hio scel (_Weird goeth
+ever as it shall_ [go]), 455; gueth-bill ge-swac swa hit no sceolde (i.e.
+ge-swican), 2586.
+
+scua, w. m., _shadowy demon_: in comp. deaeth-scua.
+
+scufan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to move forward, hasten_: pret. part. þa waes
+morgen-leoht scofen and scynded, 919.--2) w. acc., _to shove, push_: pret.
+pl. guman ut scufon ... wudu bundenne (_pushed the vessel from the land_),
+215; dracan scufun ... ofer weall-clif (_pushed the dragon over the
+wall-like cliff_), 3132. See wid-scofen(?)
+
+be-scufan, w. acc., _to push, thrust down, in_: inf. wa bieth þaem þe sceal
+... sawle be-scufan in fyres faeethm (_woe to him that shall thrust his soul
+into fire's embrace_), 184.
+
+scur, st. m., _shower, battle-shower_: in comp. isern-scur.
+
+scur-heard, adj., _fight-hardened? (file-hardened?_): nom. pl. scur-heard,
+1034.
+
+scyld, scyldan. See scild, scildan.
+
+scyldig, adj., _under obligations_ or _bound for; guilty of_, w. gen. and
+instr.: ealdres (morethres) scyldig, 1339, 1684, 2062; synnum scyldig
+(_guilty of evil deeds_), 3072.
+
+scyndan, w. v., _to hasten_: inf. scyndan, 2571; pret. part, scynded, 919
+
+scynna. See scinna.
+
+scyppend. See sceapan.
+
+scyran, w. v., _to arrange, decide_: inf. þaet hit sceaethen-mael scyran moste
+(_that the sword must decide it_), 1940. O.N. skora, _to score, decide_.
+
+scyne, adj., _sheen, well-formed, beautiful_: nom. sg. maegeth scyne, 3017.
+
+se, pron. dem. and article, _the_: m. nom., 79, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 102,
+etc.; fem, seo, 66, 146, etc.; neut. þaet;--relative: se (_who_), 1611,
+2866; se þe (_he who_), 2293; seo þe (_she who_), 1446; se þe (for seo þe),
+1345, 1888, 2686; cf. 1261, 1498; (Grendel's mother, as a wild, demonic
+creature, is conceived now as man, now as woman: woman, as having borne a
+son; man, as the incarnation of savage cunning and power); se for seo,
+2422; dat. sg. þam (for þam þe), 2780.
+
+secce. See sacu.
+
+secg, st. m., _man, warrior, hero, spokesman_ (secgan?): nom. sg., 208,
+872, 2228, 2407, etc.; (Beowulf), 249, 948, 1312, 1570, 1760, etc.;
+(Wulfgar), 402; (Hunfereth), 981; (Wiglaf), 2864; acc. sg. sinnigne secg
+(Grendel's mother, cf. se), 1380; dat. sg. secge, 2020; nom. pl. secgas,
+213, 2531, 3129; dat. pl. secgum, 490; gen. pl. secga, 634, 843, 997, 1673.
+
+secg, st. f., _sword_ (sedge?): acc. sg. secge, 685.
+
+secgan, w. v., _to say, speak_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. gode ic þanc secge,
+1998; so, 2796; pres. part. swa se secg hwata secgende waes laethra spella
+(partitive gen.), 3029; inf. secgan, 582, 876, 881, 1050; pret. sg. saegde
+him þaes leanes þanc, 1810; pret. sg. II. hwaet þu worn fela ... saegdest from
+his siethe, 532.--2) without acc inf. swa we soethlice secgan hyrdon, 273;
+pret. sg. saegde, 2633, 2900--3) w. depend. clause: pres. sg. ic secge, 591;
+pl. III. secgaeth, 411; inf. secgan, 51, 391, 943, 1347, 1701, 1819, 2865,
+3027; gerund. to secganne, 473, 1725; pret. sg. saegde, 90, 1176; pl.
+saegdon, 377, 2188; saedan, 1946.
+
+a-secgan (edicere), _to say out, deliver_: inf. wille ic a-secgan suna
+Healfdenes ... min aerende, 344.
+
+ge-secgan, _to say, relate_: imper. sg. II. ge-saga, 388; þaet ic his aerest
+þe eft ge-saegde (_that I should, after, tell thee its origin_), 2158; pret.
+part. gesaegd, 141; gesaed, 1697.
+
+sefa, w. m., _heart, mind, soul, spirit_: nom. sg., 49, 490, 595, 2044,
+2181, 2420, 2601, 2633; acc. sg. sefan, 278, 1727, 1843; dat. sg. sefan,
+473, 1343, 1738.--Comp. mod-sefa.
+
+ge-segen, st. f., _legend, tale_: in comp. eald-ge-segen.
+
+segl, st. n., _sail_: nom. sg., 1907.
+
+segl-rad, st. f., _sail-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. on segl-rade, 1430.
+
+segn, st. n., _banner_, vexillum: nom. sg., 2768, 2959; acc. sg. segen, 47,
+1022; segn, 2777; dat. sg. under segne, 1205.--Comp. heafod-segn.
+
+sel, st. n., _hall, palace_. See sael.
+
+seld, st. n., _dwelling, house_: in comp. medu-seld.
+
+ge-selda, w. m., contubernalis, _companion_: acc. sg. geseldan, 1985.
+
+seldan, adv., _seldom_: oft [no] seldan, 2030.
+
+seld-guma, w. m., _house-man, home-stayer(?); common man?, house-carl?_:
+nom. sg., 249.
+
+sele, st. m. and n., _building consisting of one apartment; apartment,
+room_: nom. sg., 81, 411; acc. sg. sele, 827, 2353; dat. sg. to sele, 323,
+1641; in (on, to) sele þam hean, 714, 920, 1017, 1985; on sele (_in the den
+of the dragon_), 3129.--Comp.: beah-, beor-, dryht-, eoreth-, gest-, gold-,
+grund-, gueth-, heah-, hring-, hrof-, nieth-, win-sele.
+
+sele-dream, st. m., _hall-glee, joy in the hall_: acc. sg. þara þe þis lif
+ofgeaf, gesawon sele-dream (referring to the joy of heaven?), 2253.
+
+sele-ful, st. n., _hall-goblet_: acc. sg., 620.
+
+sele-gyst, st. m., _hall-guest, stranger in hall_ or _house_: acc. sg. þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+sele-raedend, pres. part., _hall-ruler, possessor of the hall_: nom. pl.,
+51; acc. leode mine sele-raedende, 1347.
+
+sele-rest, st. f., _bed in the hall_: acc. sg. sele-reste, 691.
+
+sele-þegn, st. m., _retainer, hall-thane, chamberlain_: nom. sg., 1795.
+
+sele-weard, st. m., _hall-ward, guardian of the hall_: acc. sg., 668.
+
+self, sylf, pron., _self_: nom. sg. strong form, self, 1314, 1925 (?
+selfa); þu self, 595; þu þe self, 954; self cyning (_the king himself, the
+king too_), 921, 1011; sylf, 1965; in weak form, selfa, 1469; he selfa, 29,
+1734; þaem þe him selfa deah (_that can rely upon, trust to, himself_),
+1840; seolfa, 3068; he sylfa, 505; god sylfa, 3055; acc. sg. m. selfne,
+1606; hine selfne (_himself_), 962; hyne selfne (_himself_, reflex.), 2876;
+wieth sylfne (_beside_), 1978; gen. sg. m. selfes, 701, 896; his selfes,
+1148; on sinne sylfes dom (_at his own will_), 2148; sylfes, 2224, 2361,
+2640, 2711, 2777, 3014; his sylfes, 2014, 2326; fem. hire selfre, 1116;
+nom. pl. selfe, 419; Sueth-Dene sylfe, 1997.
+
+ge-sella, w. m., _house-companion, comrade_: in comp. hand-gesella.
+
+sellan, syllan, w. v.: 1) w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to give,
+deliver; permit, grant, present_: pres. sg. III. seleeth him on eethle eorethan
+wynne, 1731; inf. syllan, 2161, 2730; pret. sg. sealde, 72, 673, 1272,
+1694, 1752, 2025, 2156, 2183, 2491, 2995; nefne god sylfa sealde þam þe he
+wolde hord openian (_unless God himself gave to whom he would to open the
+hoard_), 3056; pret. sg. II. sealdest, 1483.--2) _to give, give up_ (only
+w. acc. of thing): aer he feorh seleeth (_he prefers to give up his life_),
+1371; nallas on gylp seleeth faette beagas (_giveth out gold-wrought rings_,
+etc.), 1750; pret. sg. sinc-fato sealde, 623; pl. byrelas sealdon win of
+wunder-fatum, 1162.
+
+ge-sellan, w. acc. and dat. of pers., _to give, deliver; grant, present_:
+inf. ge-sellan, 1030; pret. sg. ge-sealde, 616, 1053, 1867, 1902, 2143,
+etc.
+
+sel-lic, syl-lic (from seld-lic), adj., _strange, wondrous_: nom. sg. glof
+... syllic, 2087; acc. sg. n. syllic spell, 2110; acc. pl. sellice
+sae-dracan, 1427. Compar. acc. sg. syllicran wiht (the dragon), 3039.
+
+semninga, adv., _straightway, at once_ 645, 1641, 1768.
+
+sendan, w. v. w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers., _to send_: pret. sg. þone
+god sende folce to frofre (_whom God sent as a comfort to the people_), 13;
+so, 471, 1843.
+
+for-sendan, _to send away, drive off_ pret. part. he weareth on feonda
+geweald ... snude for-sended, 905.
+
+on-sendan, _to send forth, away_, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers.:
+imper. sg. on-send, 452, 1484; pret. sg. on-sende, 382; pl. þe hine ...
+foreth on-sendon aenne ofer yethe (_who sent him forth alone over the sea_), 45;
+pret. part. bealo-cwealm hafaeth fela feorh-cynna feorr on-sended, 2267.
+
+sendan (cf. Gl. Aldhelm, sanda = ferculorum, epularum, in Haupt IX. 444),
+w. v., _to feast, banquet_: pres. sg. III. sendeeth, 601.--Leo.
+
+serce, syrce, w. f., _sark, shirt of mail_: nom. sg. syrce, 1112; nom. pl.
+syrcan, 226; acc. pl. graege syrcan, 334.--Comp.: beadu-, heoro-serce;
+here-, leoetho-, lic-syrce.
+
+sess, st. m., _seat, place for sitting_: dat. sg. sesse, 2718; þa he bi
+sesse geong (_by the seat_, i.e. before the dragon's lair), 2757.
+
+setl, st. n., _seat, settle_: acc. sg., 2014; dat. sg. setle, 1233, 1783,
+2020; gen. sg. setles, 1787; dat. pl. setlum, 1290.--Comp.: heah-, hilde-,
+meodu-setl.
+
+settan, w. v., _to set_: pret. sg. setton sae-meethe side scyldas ... wieth þaes
+recedes weall (_the sea-wearied ones set their broad shields against the
+wall of the hall_), 325; so, 1243.
+
+a-settan, _to set, place, appoint_: pret. pl. hie him a-setton segen
+[gyl]-denne heah ofer heafod, 47; pret. part. haefde kyninga wuldor Grendle
+to-geanes ... sele-weard a-seted, 668.
+
+be-settan, _to set with, surround_: pret. sg. (helm) besette swin-licum
+(_set the helm with swine-bodies_), 1454.
+
+ge-settan: 1) _to set, set down_: pret. part. swa waes ...þurh run-stafas
+rihte ge-mearcod, ge-seted and ge-saed (_thus was ... in rune-staves rightly
+marked, set down and said_), 1697.--2) _to set, ordain, create_: pret. sg.
+ge-sette ... sunnan and monan leoman to leohte land-buendum, 94.--3) =
+componere, _to lay aside, smooth over, appease_: pret. sg. þaet he mid þy
+wife wael-faehetha ... dael ... ge-sette, 2030.
+
+secan, w. v., _to follow after_, hence: 1) _to seek, strive for_, w. acc.:
+pret. sg. sinc-faet sohte _(sought the costly cup_), 2301; ne sohte
+searo-niethas, 2739; so, 3068. Without acc.: þonne his myne sohte (_than his
+wish demanded_), 2573; hord-weard sohte georne aefter grunde (_the
+hoard-warden sought eagerly along the ground_), 2294.--2) _to look for,
+come_ or _go some whither, attain something_, w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe
+... biorgas seceeth, 2273; subj. þeah þe haeeth-stapa holt-wudu sece, 1370;
+imper. sec gif þu dyrre (_look for her_, i.e. Grendel's mother, _if thou
+dare_), 1380; inf. secean, 200, 268, 646, 1598, 1870, 1990, 2514(?), 3103,
+etc.; secan, 665, 1451; drihten secean (_seek, go to, the Lord_), 187;
+secean wyn-leas wic (_Grendel was to seek a joyless place_, i.e. Hell),
+822; so, secan deofla gedraeg, 757; sawle secan (_seek the life, kill_),
+802; so, secean sawle hord, 2423; gerund. saecce to seceanne, 2563; pret.
+sg. I., III. sohte, 139, 208, 376, 417, 2224; II. sohtest, 458; pl. sohton,
+339.--3) _to seek, attack_: þe us seceaeth to Sweona leode, 3002; pret. pl.
+hine wraec-maecgas ofer sae sohtan, 2381.
+
+ge-secan: 1) _to seek_, w. acc.: inf. gif he gesecean dear wig ofer waepen,
+685.--2) _to look for, come_ or _go to attain_, w. acc.: inf. ge-secean,
+693; gerund, to ge-secanne, 1923; pret. sg. ge-sohte, 463, 520, 718, 1952;
+pret. part. nom. pl. feor-cyethethe beoeth selran ge-sohte þam þe hine selfa
+deah, 1840.--3) _to seek with hostile intent, to attack_: pres. sg.
+ge-seceeth 2516; pret. sg. ge-sohte, 2347; pl. ge-sohton, 2927; ge-sohtan,
+2205.
+
+ofer-secan, w. acc., _to surpass, outdo_ (in an attack): pres. sg. waes sio
+hond to strong, se þe meca gehwane ... swenge ofer-sohte, þonne he to saecce
+baer waepen wundrum heard (_too strong was the hand, that surpassed every
+sword in stroke, when he_ [Beowulf] _bore the wondrous weapon to battle_,
+i.e. the hand was too strong for any sword; its strength made it useless in
+battle), 2687.
+
+sel, st. f. See sael.
+
+sel, sael, adj., _good, excellent, fit_, only in compar.: nom. sg. m. selra,
+861, 2194; þaem þaer selra waes (_to the one that was the better_, i.e.
+Hygelac), 2200; deaeth bieth sella þonne edwit-lif, 2891; neut. selre, 1385;
+acc. sg. m. selran þe (_a better than thee_), 1851; selran, 1198; neut. þaet
+selre, 1760; dat. sg. m. selran sweord-frecan, 1469; nom. pl. fem. selran,
+1840. Superl., strong form: nom. sg. neut. selest, 173, 1060; husa selest,
+146, 285, 936; ofost is selest, 256; bolda selest, 2327; acc. sg. neut.
+hraegla selest, 454; husa selest, 659; billa selest, 1145;--weak form: nom.
+sg. m. reced selesta, 412; acc. sg. m. þone selestan, 1407, 2383; (þaes,
+MS.), 1957; dat. sg. m. þaem selestan, 1686; nom. pl. selestan, 416; acc.
+pl. þa selestan, 3123.
+
+sel, compar. adv., _better, fitter, more excellent_, 1013, 2531; ne byeth him
+wihte þe sel (_he shall be nought the better for it_), 2278; so, 2688.
+
+sealma (Frisian selma, in bed-selma), w. m., _bed-chamber, sleeping-place_:
+acc. sg. on sealman, 2461.
+
+sealt, adj., _salty_: acc. sg. neut. ofer sealt waeter (_the sea_), 1990.
+
+searo (G. sarwa, pl.), st. n.: 1) _armor, accoutrements, war-gear_: nom.
+pl. sae-manna searo, 329; dat. pl. secg on searwum (_a man, warrior, in
+panoply_), 249, 2701; in (on) searwum, 323, 1558; 2531, 2569; instr. pl.
+searwum, 1814.--2) _insidiae, ambuscade, waylaying, deception, battle_: þa
+ic of searwum cwom, fah from feondum, 419.--3) _cunning, art, skill_:
+instr. pl. sadol searwum fah (_saddle cunningly ornamented_), 1039;
+earmbeaga fela, searwum ge-saeled (_many cunningly-linked armlets_),
+2765.--Comp. fyrd-, gueth-, inwit-searo.
+
+searo-bend, st. f., _band, bond, of curious workmanship_: instr. pl.
+searo-bendum faest, 2087.
+
+searo-fah, adj., _cunningly inlaid, ornamented, with gold_: nom. sg.
+here-byrne hondum ge-broden, sid and searo-fah, 1445.
+
+searo-ge-þraec, st. n., _heap of treasure-objects_: acc. sg., 3103.
+
+searo-gim, st. m., _cunningly set gem, rich jewel_: acc. pl. searo-gimmas,
+2750; gen. pl. searo-gimma, 1158.
+
+searo-grim, adj., _cunning and fierce_: nom. sg., 595.
+
+searo-haebbend, pres. part. as subst., _arms-bearing, warrior with his
+trappings_: gen. pl. searo-haebbendra, 237.
+
+searo-net, st. n., _armor-net, shirt of mail, corselet_: nom. sg., 406.
+
+searo-nieth, st. m.: 1) _cunning hostility, plot, wiles_: acc. pl.
+searo-niethas, 1201, 2739.--2) also, only _hostility, feud, contest_: acc.
+pl. searo-niethas, 3068; gen. pl. searo-nietha, 582.
+
+searo-þanc, st. m., _ingenuity_: instr. pl. searo-þoncum, 776.
+
+searo-wundor, st. n., _rare wonder_: acc. sg., 921.
+
+seax, st. n., _shortsword, hip-knife; dagger_: instr. sg. seaxe,
+1546.--Comp. wael-seax.
+
+seax-ben, st. f., _dagger-wound_: instr. pl. siex-bennum, 2905.
+
+seofon, num., _seven_, 517; seofan, 2196; decl. acc. syfone, 3123.
+
+seomian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to be tied; lie at rest_: inf. siomian, 2768;
+pret. sg. seomode, 302.--2) w. acc., _to put in bonds, entrap, catch_:
+pret. sg. duguethe and geogoethe seomade (cf. 2086-2092), 161.
+
+seonu, st. f., _sinew_: nom. pl. seonowe, 818.
+
+seoc, adj., _feeble, weak; fatally ill_: nom. sg. feorh-bennum seoc (of
+Beowulf, _sick unto death_), 2741; siex-bennum seoc (of the dead dragon),
+2905; nom. pl. modes seoce (_sick of soul_), 1604.--Comp.: ellen-, feorh-,
+heaetho-seoc.
+
+seoethan, st. v. w. acc., _to seethe, boil_; figuratively, _be excited over,
+brood_: pret. sg. ic þaes mod-ceare sorh-wylmum seaeth (_I pined in
+heart-grief for that_), 1994; so, 190.
+
+seoloeth, st. m.?, _bight, bay_ (cf. Dietrich in Haupt XI. 416): gen. pl.
+sioleetha bi-gong (_the realm of bights_ = the [surface of the] sea?), 2368.
+
+seon, syn, st. f., _aspect, sight_: in comp. wlite-, wundor-seon, an-syn.
+
+seon, st. v., _to see_: a) w. acc.: inf. searo-wunder seon, 921; so, 387,
+1181, 1276, 3103; þaer maeg nihta ge-hwaem nieth-wundor seon (_there may every
+night be seen a repulsive marvel_), 1366; pret. sg. ne seah ic ...
+heal-sittendra medudream maran, 2015.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.: ne
+seah ic elþeodige þus manige men modiglicran, 336.--c) w. prep. or adv.:
+pret. sg. seah on enta ge-weorc, 2718; seah on un-leofe, 2864; pl. folc to
+saegon (_looked on_), 1423.
+
+ge-seon, _to see, behold_: a) w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe beah ge-syheth,
+2042; inf. ge-seon, 396, 571, 649, 962, 1079, etc.; pret. sg. geseah, 247,
+927, 1558, 1614; pl. ge-sawon, 1606, 2253.--b) w. acc. and predicate adj.,
+pres. sg. III. ge-syheth ... on his suna bure win-sele westne (_sees in his
+son's house the wine-hall empty_; or, _hall of friends_?), 2456.--c) w.
+inf.: pret. sg. ge-seah ... beran ofer bolcan beorhte randas (_saw shining
+shields borne over the gang-plank_), 229; pret. pl. maere maethethum-sweord
+monige ge-sawon beforan beorn beran, 1024.--d) w. acc. and inf.: pret. sg.
+ge-seah, 729, 1517, 1586, 1663, 2543, 2605, etc.; pl. ge-sawon, 221, 1348,
+1426; ge-segan, 3039; ge-segon, 3129.--e) w. depend, clause: inf. maeg þonne
+... geseon sunu Hreethles, þaet ic (_may the son of H. see that I..._), 1486;
+pret. pl. ge-sawon, 1592.
+
+geond-seon, _to see, look through, over_, w. acc.: pret. sg. (ic) þaet eall
+geond-seh, 3088.
+
+ofer-seon, _to see clearly, plainly_: pret. pl. ofer-sawon, 419.
+
+on-seon, _to look on, at_, w. acc.: pret. pl. on-sawon, 1651.
+
+seowian, w. v., _to sew, put together, link_: pret. part. searo-net seowed
+smiethes or-þancum (_the corselet woven by the smith's craft_), 406.
+
+sib, st. f., _peace, friendship, relationship_: nom. sg., 1165, 1858; sibb,
+2601; acc. sibbe, 950, 2432, 2923; instr. sg. sibbe (_in peace_?),
+154.--Comp.: dryht-, frietho-sib.
+
+sib-aeetheling, st. m., _nobilis consanguineus, kindred prince_ or _nobleman_:
+nom. pl. -aeethelingas, 2709.
+
+sibbe-gedryht, st. f., _body of allied_ or _related warriors_: acc. sg.
+sibbe-gedriht (the Danes), 387; (the Geatas), 730.
+
+siethethan, syethethan: 1) adv.: a) _since, after, from now on, further_, 142, 149,
+283, 567, 1903, 2052, 2065, 2176, 2703, 2807, 2921; seoethethan, 1876.--b)
+_then, thereupon, after_, 470, 686, 1454, 1557, 1690, 2208; seoethethan, 1938;
+aer ne siethethan (_neither before nor after_), 719.
+
+2) Conj.: a) w. ind. pres., _as soon as, when_, 413, 605, 1785, 2889,
+2912.--b) w. ind. pret., _when, whilst_, 835, 851, 1205, 1207, 1421, 1590,
+2357, 2961, 2971, 3128; seoethethan, 1776;--_since_, 649, 657, 983, 1199, 1254,
+1309, 2202;--_after_, either with pluperf.: siethethan him scyppend forscrifen
+haefde (_after the Creator had proscribed him_), 106; so, 1473; or with
+pret. = pluperf.: syethethan niht becom (_after night had come on_), 115; so,
+6, 132, 723, 887, 902, 1078, 1149, 1236, 1262, 1282, 1979, 2013, 2125; or
+pret. and pluperf. together, 2104-2105.
+
+siex. See seax.
+
+sige-dryhten, st. m., _lord of victory, victorious lord_: nom. sg.
+sige-drihten, 391.
+
+sige-eadig, adj., _blest with victory, victorious_: acc. sg. neut.
+sige-eadig bil, 1558.
+
+sige-folc, st. n., _victorious people, troop_: gen. pl. sige-folca, 645.
+
+sige-hreeth, st. f., _confidence of victory_(?): acc. sg., 490. See Note.
+
+sige-hreethig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 94, 1598, 2757.
+
+sige-hwil, st. f., _hour_ or _day of victory_: gen. sg. sige-hwile, 2711.
+
+sige-leas, adj., _devoid of victory, defeated_: acc. sg. sige-leasne sang,
+788.
+
+sige-rof, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg., 620.
+
+sige-þeod, st. f., _victorious warrior troop_: dat. sg. on sige-þeode,
+2205.
+
+sige-waepen, st. n., _victor-weapon, sword_: dat. pl. sige-waepnum, 805.
+
+sigl, st. n.: 1) _sun_: nom. sg. sigel, 1967.--2) _sun-shaped ornament_:
+acc. pl. siglu, 3165; sigle (bracteates of a necklace), 1201; gen. pl.
+sigla, 1158.--Comp. maethethum-sigl.
+
+sigor, st. m., _victory_: gen. sg. sigores, 1022; gen. pl. sigora, 2876,
+3056.--Comp.: hreeth-, wig-sigor.
+
+sigor-eadig, adj., _victorious_: nom. sg. sigor-eadig secg (of Beowulf),
+1312, 2353.
+
+sin. See syn.
+
+sinc, st. n., _treasure, jewel, property_: nom. sg., 2765; acc. sg. sinc,
+81, 1205, 1486, 2384, 2432; instr. sg. since, 1039, 1451, 1616, 1883, 2218,
+2747; gen. sg. sinces, 608, 1171, 1923, 2072; gen. pl. sinca, 2429.
+
+sinc-fah, adj., _treasure-decked_: acc. sg. neut. weak form, sinc-fage sel,
+167.
+
+sinc-faet, st. n., _costly vessel_: acc. sg., 2232, 2301;--_a costly
+object_: acc. sg., 1201 (i.e. mene); acc. pl. sinc-fato, 623.
+
+sinc-ge-streon, st. n., _precious treasure, jewel of value _: instr. pl.
+-gestreonum, 1093; gen. pl. -gestreona, 1227.
+
+sinc-gifa, w. m., _jewel-giver, treasure-giver = prince, ruler_: acc. sg.
+sinc-gyfan, 1013; dat. sg. sinc-gifan (of Beowulf), 2312; (of Aeschere),
+1343.
+
+sinc-maethethum, st. m., _treasure_: nom. sg., 2194.
+
+sinc-þego, f., _acceptance, taking, of jewels_: nom. sg., 2885.
+
+sin-dolh, st. n., _perpetual_, i.e. incurable, _wound_: nom. sg. syn-dolh,
+818.
+
+sin-frea, w. m., _wedded lord, husband_: nom. sg., 1935.
+
+sin-gal, adj., _continual, lasting_: acc. sg. fem, sin-gale saece, 154.
+
+sin-gales, adv. gen. sg., _continually, ever_, 1778; syngales, 1136.
+
+singala, adv. gen. pl., the same, 190.
+
+singan, st. v., _to sound, ring, sing_: pret. sg. hring-iren scir song in
+searwum (_the ringed iron rang in the armor_), 323; horn stundum song
+fus-lic f[yrd]-leoeth (_at times the horn rang forth a ready battle-song_),
+1424; scop hwilum sang (_the singer sang at whiles_), 496.
+
+a-singan, _to sing out, sing to an end_: pret. part. leoeth waes a-sungen,
+1160.
+
+sin-here, st. m., (_army without end_?), _strong army, host_: instr. sg.
+sin-herge, 2937.
+
+sin-niht, st. f., _perpetual night, night after night_: acc. pl. sin-nihte
+(_night after night_), 161.
+
+sin-sceaetha, w. m., _irreconcilable foe_: nom. sg. syn-scaetha, 708; acc. sg.
+syn-scaethan, 802.
+
+sin-snaed, st. f., (_continuous biting_) _bite after bite_: dat. pl.
+syn-snaedum swealh (_swallowed bite after bite, in great bites_), 744.
+
+sittan, st. v.: 1) _to sit_: pres. sg. Wiglaf siteeth ofer Biowulfe, 2907;
+imper. sg. site nu to symle, 489; inf. þaer swieth-ferhethe sittan eodon
+(_whither the strong-minded went and sat_), 493; eode ... to hire frean
+sittan (_went to sit by her lord_), 642; pret. sg. on wicge saet (_sat on
+the horse_), 286; aet fotum saet (_sat at the feet_), 500, 1167; þaer Hroethgar
+saet (_where H. sat_), 356; so, 1191, 2895; he gewergad saet ... frean eaxlum
+neah, 2854; pret. pl. saeton, 1165; gistas setan (MS. secan) ... and on mere
+staredon (_the strangers sat and stared on the sea_), 1603.--2) _to be in a
+certain state_ or _condition_ (_quasi_ copula): pret. sg. maere þeoden ...
+unbliethe saet, 130.--Comp.: flet-, heal-sittend.
+
+be-sittan, obsidere, _to surround, besiege_, w. acc.: besaet þa sin-herge
+sweorda lafe wundum werge (_then besieged he with a host the leavings of
+the sword, wound-weary_), 2937.
+
+for-sittan, obstrui, _to pass away, fail_: pres. sg. eagena bearhtm
+for-siteeth (_the light of the eyes passeth away_), 1768.
+
+ge-sittan: 1) _to sit, sit together_: pret. sg. monig-oft ge-saet rice to
+rune (_very often sat the king deliberating with his council_ (see rice),
+171; wieth earm ge-saet (_supported himself upon his arm, sat on his arm_?),
+750; feetha eal ge-saet (_the whole troop sat down_), 1425; ge-saet þa wieth
+sylfne (_sat there beside, near to, him_, i.e. Hygelac), 1978;
+
+ge-saet þa on naesse, 2418; so, 2718; pret. part. (syethethan) ... we to symble
+ge-seten haefdon, 2105.--2) w. acc., _to seat one's self upon_ or _in
+something, to board_: pret. sg. þa ic ... sae-bat ge-saet, 634.
+
+of-sittan, w. acc., _to sit over_ or _upon_: pret. sg. of-saet þa þone
+sele-gyst, 1546.
+
+ofer-sittan, w. acc., _to dispense with, refrain from_ (cf. ofer, 2 [c]):
+pres. sg. I. þaet ic wieth þone gueth-flogan gylp ofer-sitte, 2529; inf. secge
+ofer-sittan, 685.
+
+on-sittan (O.H.G. int-sizzan, _to start from one's seat, to be startled_),
+w. acc., _to fear_: inf. þa faehethe, atole ecg-þraece eower leode siwethe
+onsittan _to dread the hostility, the fierce contest, of your people_, 598.
+
+ymb-sittan, _to sit around_, w. acc.: pret. pl. (þaet hie) ... symbel
+ymb-saeton (_sat round the feast_), 564. See ymb-sittend.
+
+sid, adj.: 1) _wide, broad, spacious, large_: nom. sg. (here-byrne, glof)
+sid, 1445, 2087; acc. sg. m. sidne scyld, 437; on sidne sae, 507; fem.
+byrnan side (of a corselet extending over the legs), 1292; ofer sae side,
+2395; neut. side rice, 1734, 2200; instr. sg. sidan herge, 2348; acc. pl.
+side sae-naessas, 223; side scyldas, 325; gen. pl. sidra sorga (_of great
+sorrows_), 149.--2) in moral sense, _great, noble_: acc. sg. þurh sidne
+sefan, 1727.
+
+side, adv., _far and wide, afar_, 1224.
+
+sid-faeethme, adj., _broad-bosomed_: acc. sg. sid-faeethme scip, 1918.
+
+sid-faeethmed, _quasi_ pret. part., the same: nom. sg. sid-faeethmed scip, 302.
+
+sid-rand, st. m., _broad shield_: nom. sg., 1290.
+
+sieth (G. seþu-s), adj., _late_: superl. nom. sg. siethast sige-hwile (_the
+last hour, day, of victory_), 2711; dat. sg. aet siethestan (_in the end, at
+last_), 3014.
+
+sieth, adv. compar., _later_: aer and sieth (_sooner and later, early and
+late_), 2501.
+
+sieth (G. sinþ-s), st. m.: l) _road, way, journey, expedition_; esp., _road
+to battle_: nom. sg., 501, 3059, 3090; naes þaet eethe sieth (_that was no easy
+road, task_), 2587; so, þaet waes geocor sieth, 766; acc. sg. sieth, 353, 512,
+909, 1279, 1430, 1967; instr. dat. siethe, 532, 1952, 1994; gen. sg. siethes,
+579, 1476, 1795, 1909. Also, _return_: nom. sg., 1972.--2) _undertaking,
+enterprise_; esp., _battle-work_: nom. sg. nis þaet eower sieth, 2533; ne bieth
+swylc earges sieth (_such is no coward's enterprise_), 2542; acc. sg. sieth,
+873. In pl.= _adventures_: nom. siethas, 1987; acc. siethas, 878; gen. sietha,
+318.--3) time (as iterative): nom. sg. naes þaet forma sieth (_that was not the
+first time_), 717, 1464; so, 1528, 2626; acc. sg. oftor micle þonne on aenne
+sieth, 1580; instr. sg. (forman, oethre, þriddan) siethe, 741, 1204, 2050, 2287,
+2512, 2518, 2671, 2689, 3102.--Comp.: cear-, eft-, ellor-, gryre-, sae-,
+wil-, wraec-sieth.
+
+ge-sieth, st. m., _comrade, follower_: gen. sg. ge-siethes, 1298; nom. pl.
+ge-siethas, 29; acc. pl. ge-siethas, 2041, 2519; dat. pl. ge-siethum, 1314, 1925,
+2633; gen. pl. ge-sietha, 1935.--Comp.: eald-, wil-gesieth.
+
+sieth-faet, st. m., _way, journey_: acc. sg. þone sieth-faet, 202; dat. sg.
+sieth-fate, 2640.
+
+sieth-fram, -from, adj., _ready for the journey_: nom. pl. sieth-frome, 1814.
+
+siethian, w. v., _to journey, march_: inf., 721, 809; pret. sg. siethode, 2120.
+
+for-siethian, _iter fatale inire_ (Grein): pret. sg. haefde þa for-siethod sunu
+Ecg-þeowes under gynne grund _(would have found his death_, etc.), 1551.
+
+sie, sy. See wesan.
+
+sigan, st. v., _to descend, sink, incline_: pret. pl. sigon aet-somne
+(_descended together_), 307; sigon þa to slaepe _(they sank to sleep_),
+1252.
+
+ge-sigan, _to sink, fall_: inf. ge-sigan aet saecce (_fall in battle_), 2660.
+
+sin, poss. pron., _his_: acc. sg. m. sinne, 1961, 1985, 2284, 2790; dat.
+sg. sinum, 1508.
+
+slaep, st. m., _sleep_: nom. sg., 1743; dat. sg. to slaepe, 1252.
+
+slaepan, st. v., _to sleep_: pres. part. nom. sg. slaepende, 2220; acc. sg.
+he gefeng ... slaependne rinc (_seized a sleeping warrior]_, 742; acc. pl.
+slaepende fraet folces Denigea fiftyne men _(devoured, sleeping, fifteen of
+the people of the Danes_), 1582.
+
+sleac, adj., _slack, lazy_: nom. sg., 2188.
+
+sleahan, slean: 1) _to strike, strike at_: a) intrans.: pres. subj. sg. þaet
+he me ongean slea (_that he should strike at me_), 682; pret. sg. yrringa
+sloh (_struck angrily_), 1566; so, sloh hilde-bille, 2680. b) trans.: pret.
+sg. þaet he þone nieth-gaest nioethor hwene sloh _(that he struck the dragon
+somewhat lower_, etc.), 2700.--2) w. acc.: _to slay, kill_: pret. sg. þaes
+þe he Abel slog (_because he slew A._), 108; so, slog, 421, 2180; sloh,
+1582, 2356; pl. slogon, 2051; pret. part. þa waes Fin slaegen, 1153.
+
+ge-slean, w. acc.: 1) _to fight a battle_: pret. sg. ge-sloh þin faeder
+faehethe maeste, 459.--2) _to gain by fighting_: syethethan hie þa maeretha ge-slogon,
+2997.
+
+of-slean, _to ofslay, kill_, w. acc.: pret. sg. of-sloh, 574, 1666, 3061.
+
+sliethe (G. sleiþ-s), adj., _savage, fierce, dangerous_: acc. sg. þurh sliethne
+nieth, 184; gen. pl. sliethra ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+sliethen, adj., _furious, savage, deadly_ nom. sg. sweord-bealo sliethen, 1148.
+
+slitan, st. v., _to slit, tear to pieces_, w. acc.: pret. sg. slat
+(slaependne rinc), 742.
+
+slyht, st. m., _blow_: in comp. and-slyht.
+
+ge-slyht, st. n. (collective), _battle, conflict_: gen. pl. sliethra
+ge-slyhta, 2399.
+
+smieth, st. m., _smith, armorer_: nom. sg. waepna smieth, 1453; gen. sg. smiethes,
+406.--Comp. wundor-smieth.
+
+be-smiethian, w. v., _to surround with iron-work, bands_, etc.: pret. part.
+he (the hall Heorot) þaes faeste waes innan and utan iren-bendum searo-þoncum
+besmiethod (i.e. the beams out of which the hall was built were held together
+skilfully, within and without, by iron clamps), 776.
+
+snell, adj., _fresh, vigorous, lively; of martial temper_: nom. sg. se
+snella, 2972.
+
+snellic, adj., the same: nom. sg., 691.
+
+snotor, snottor, adj., _clever, wise, intelligent_: nom. sg. snotor, 190,
+827, 909, 1385; in weak form, (se) snottra, 1314, 1476, 1787; snotra, 2157,
+3121; nom. pl. snotere, 202, 416; snottre, 1592.--Comp. fore-snotor.
+
+snotor-lice, adv., _intelligently, wisely_: compar. snotor-licor, 1483.
+
+snude, adv., _hastily, quickly, soon_, 905, 1870, 1972, 2326, 2569, 2753.
+
+be-snyethian, w. v., _to rob, deprive of_: pret. sg. þaette Ongenþio ealdre
+be-snyethede Haeethcyn, 2925.
+
+snyrian, w. v., _to hasten, hurry_: pret. pl. snyredon aet-somne (_hurried
+forward together_), 402.
+
+snyttru, f., _intelligence, wisdom_: acc. sg. snyttru, 1727; dat. pl. mid
+modes snyttrum, 1707; þe we ealle aer ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed
+which all of us together could not accomplish before with all our wisdom_),
+943. Adv., _wisely_, 873.
+
+somne. See samne.
+
+sorgian, w. v.: 1) _to be grieved, sorrow_: imper. sg. II. ne sorga!
+1385.--2) _to care for, trouble one's self about_: inf. no þu ymb mines ne
+þearft lices feorme leng sorgian (_thou needst not care longer about my
+life's [body's] sustenance_), 451.
+
+sorh, st. f., _grief, pain, sorrow_: nom. sg., 1323; sorh is me to secganne
+(_pains me to say_), 473; acc. sg. sorge, 119, 2464; dat. instr. sg. mid
+þaere sorge, 2469; sorge (_in sorrow, grieved_), 1150; gen. sg. worna fela
+... sorge, 2005; dat. pl. sorgum, 2601; gen. pl. sorga, 149.--Comp.: hyge-,
+inwit-, þegn-sorh.
+
+sorh-cearig, adj., _curis sollicitus, heart-broken_: nom. sg., 2456.
+
+sorh-ful, adj., _sorrowful, troublesome, difficult_: nom. sg., 2120; acc.
+sg. sorh-fullne (sorh-fulne) sieth, 512, 1279, 1430.
+
+sorh-leas, adj., _free from sorrow_ or _grief_: nom. sg., 1673.
+
+sorh-leoeth, st. n., _dirge, song of sorrow_: acc. sg., 2461.
+
+sorh-wylm, st. m., _wave of sorrow_ nom. pl. sorh-wylmas, 905.
+
+socn, st. f., _persecution, hostile pursuit_ or _attack_ (see secan): dat,
+(instr.) þaere socne (by reason of Grendel's persecution), 1778.
+
+soeth, st. n., _sooth, truth_:: acc. sg. soeth, 532, 701, 1050, 1701, 2865;
+dat. sg. to soethe (_in truth_), 51, 591, 2326.
+
+soeth, adj., _true, genuine_: nom. sg, þaet is soeth metod, 1612; acc. sg. n.
+gyd awraec soeth and sar-lic, 2110.
+
+soethe, adv., _truly, correctly, accurately_, 524; soethe gebunden (of
+alliterative verse: _accurately put together_), 872.
+
+soeth-cyning, st. m., _true king_: nom. sg. sigora soeth-cyning (_God_), 3056.
+
+soeth-faest, adj., _soothfast, established in truth, orthodox_ (here used of
+the Christian martyrs): gen. pl. soeth-faestra dom (_glory, realm, of the
+saints_), 2821.
+
+soeth-lice, adv., _in truth, truly, truthfully_, 141, 273, 2900.
+
+softe, adv., _gently, softly_: compar. þy seft (_the more easily_),
+2750.--Comp. un-softe.
+
+sona, adv., _soon, immediately_, 121, 722, 744, 751, 1281, 1498, 1592,
+1619, 1763, etc.
+
+on-spannan, st. v., _to un-span, unloose_: pret. sg. his helm on-speon
+(_loosed his helm_), 2724.
+
+spel, st. n., _narrative, speech_: acc. sg. spell, 2110; acc. pl. spel,
+874; gen. pl. spella, 2899, 3030.--Comp. wea-spel.
+
+sped, st. f.: 1) _luck, success_: in comp. here-, wig-sped.--2) _skill,
+facility_: acc. sg. on sped (_skilfully_), 874.
+
+spiwan, st. v., _to spit, spew_, w. instr.: inf. gledum spiwan (_spit
+fire_), 2313
+
+spor, st. n., _spur_: in comp. hand-spor.
+
+spowan, st. v., _to speed well, help, avail_: pret. sg. him wiht ne speow
+(_availed him naught_), 2855; hu him aet aete speow (_how he sped in the
+eating_), 3027.
+
+spraec, st. f., _speech, language_: instr. sg. frecnan spraece (_through
+bold, challenging, discourse_), 1105.--Comp.: aefen-, gylp-spraec.
+
+sprecan, st. v., _to speak_: inf. ic sceal foreth sprecan gen ymbe Grendel
+_(I shall go on speaking about G._), 2070; w. acc. se þe wyle soeth sprecan
+(_he who will speak the truth_), 2865; imper. to Geatum sprec (spraec, MS.),
+1172; pret. sg. III. spraec, 1169, 1699, 2511, 2725; word aefter spraec, 341;
+no ymbe þa faehethe spraec, 2619; II. hwaet þu worn fela ... ymb Brecan spraece
+(_how much thou hast spoken of Breca!_), 531; pl. hwaet wit geo spraecon
+(_what we two spoke of before_), 1477; gomele ymb godne on-geador spraecon,
+þaet big ... _(the graybeards spoke together about the valiant one, that
+they ..._), 1596; swa wit furethum spraecon (_as we two spoke, engaged,
+before_), 1708; pret. part. þa waes ... þryeth-word sprecen, 644.
+
+ge-sprecan, w. acc., _to speak_: pret. sg. ge-spraec, 676, 1399, 1467, 3095.
+
+spreot, st. m., _pole; spear, pike_: in comp. eofor-spreot.
+
+springan, st. v., _to jump, leap; flash_: pret. sg. hra wide sprong _(the
+body bounded far_), 1589; swat aedrum sprong foreth under fexe (_the blood
+burst out in streams from under his hair_), 2967; pl. wide sprungon
+hilde-leoman (_flashed afar_), 2583. Also figuratively: blaed wide sprang
+(_his repute spread afar_), 18.
+
+ge-springan, _to spring forth_: pret. sg. swa þaet blod ge-sprang (_as the
+blood burst forth_), 1668. Figuratively, _to arise, originate_: pret. sg.
+Sigemunde gesprong aefter deaeth-daege dom un-lytel, 885.
+
+on-springan, _to burst in two, spring asunder_: pret. pl. seonowe
+onsprungon, burston banlocan 818.
+
+standan, st. v.: 1) absolutely or with prep., _to stand_: pres. III. pl.
+eored-geatwe þe ge þaer on standaeth (_the warlike accoutrements wherein ye
+there stand_), 2867; inf. ge-seah ... orcas stondan (_saw vessels
+standing_), 2761; pret. sg. aet hyethe stod hringed-stefna (_in the harbor
+stood the curved-prowed?, metal-covered?, ship_), 32; stod on stapole
+(_stood near the [middle] column_), 927; so, 1914, 2546; þaet him on aldre
+stod here-strael hearda (_that the sharp war-arrow stood in his vitals_),
+1435; so, 2680; pl. garas stodon ... samod aet-gaedere (_the spears stood
+together_), 328; him big stodan bunan and orcas (_by him stood cans and
+pots_), 3048. Also of still water: pres. sg. III. nis þaet feor heonon ...
+þaet se mere standeeth, 1363.--2) with predicate adj., _to stand, continue in
+a certain state_: subj. pres. þaet þes sele stande ... rinca ge-hwylcum idel
+and unnyt (_that this hall stands empty and useless for every warrior_),
+411; inf. hord-wynne fand eald uht-sceaetha opene standan, 2272; pret. sg. oeth
+þaet idel stod husa selest, 145; so, 936; waeter under stod dreorig and
+ge-drefed, 1418--3) _to belong_ or _attach to; issue_: pret. sg. Noreth-Denum
+stod atelic egesa (_great terror clung to, overcame, the North Danes_),
+784; þara anum stod sadol searwum fah (_on one of the steeds lay an
+ingeniously-inlaid saddle_), 1038; byrne-leoma eldum on andan (_burning
+light stood forth, a horror to men_), 2314; leoht inne stod (_a light stood
+in it_, i.e. the sword), 1571; him of eagum stod ... leoht unfaeger (_an
+uncanny light issued from his eyes_), 727; so, þaet [fram] þam gyste
+[gryre-] broga stod, 2229.
+
+a-standan, _to stand up, arise_: pret. sg. a-stod, 760, 1557, 2093.
+
+aet-standan, _to stand at, near_, or _in_: pret. sg. þaet hit (i.e. þaet
+swurd) on wealle aet-stod, 892.
+
+for-standan, _to stand against_ or _before_, hence: 1) _to hinder,
+prevent_: pret. sg. (breost-net) wieth ord and wieth ecge in-gang for-stod
+(_the shirt of mail prevented point or edge from entering_), 1550; subj.
+nefne him witig god wyrd for-stode (_if the wise God had not warded off
+such a fate from them_, i.e. the men threatened by Grendel), 1057.--2)
+_defend_, w. dat. of person against whom: inf. þaet he ... mihte
+heaetho-liethendum hord for-standan, bearn and bryde (_that he might protect
+his treasure, his children, and his spouse from the sea-farers_), 2956.
+
+ge-standan, intrans., _to stand_: pret. sg. ge-stod, 358, 404, 2567; pl.
+nealles him on heape hand-gesteallan ... ymbe gestodon (_not at all did his
+boon-companions stand serried around him_), 2597.
+
+stapa, w. m., _stepper, strider_: in comp. haeeth-, mearc-stapa.
+
+stapan, st. v., _to step, stride, go forward_: pret. sg. eorl furethur stop,
+762; gum-feetha stop lind-haebbendra (_the troop of shield-warriors strode
+on_), 1402.
+
+aet-stapan, _to stride up_ or _to_: pret. sg. foreth near aet-stop (_strode up
+nearer_), 746.
+
+ge-stapan, _to walk, stride_: pret. sg. he to foreth gestop dyrnan craefte,
+dracan heafde neah (_he_, i.e. the man that robbed the dragon of the
+vessel, _had through hidden craft come too near the dragon's head_), 2290.
+
+stapol, st. m., (=[Greek: basis]), _trunk of a tree_; hence, _support,
+pillar, column_: dat. sg. stod on stapole (_stood by_ or _near the wooden
+middle column of Heorot_), 927; instr. pl. þa stan-bogan stapulum faeste
+(_the arches of stone upheld by pillars_), 2719. See Note.
+
+starian, w. v., _to stare, look intently at_: pres. sg. I. þaet ic on þone
+hafelan ... eagum starige (_that I see the head with my eyes_), 1782; þara
+fraetwa ... þe ic her on starie (_for the treasures ... that I here look
+upon_), 2797; III. þonne he on þaet sine staraeth, 1486; sg. for pl. þara þe
+on swylc staraeth, 997; pret. sg. þaet (sin-frea) hire an daeges eagum starede,
+1936; pl. on mere staredon, 1604.
+
+stan, st. m., 1) _stone_: in comp. eorclan-stan.--2) _rock_: acc. sg. under
+(ofer) harne stan, 888, 1416, 2554, 2745; dat. sg. stane, 2289, 2558.
+
+stan-beorh, st. m., _rocky elevation, stony mountain_: acc. sg. stan-beorh
+steapne, 2214.
+
+stan-boga, w. m., _stone arch, arch hewn out of the rock_: dat. sg.
+stan-bogan, 2546; nom. pl. stan-bogan, 2719.
+
+stan-clif, st. n., _rocky cliff_: acc. pl. stan-cleofu, 2541.
+
+stan-fah, adj., _stone-laid, paved with stones of different colors_: nom.
+sg. straet waes stan-fah (_the street was of different colored stones_), 320.
+
+stan-hlieth, st. n., _rocky slope_: acc. pl. stan-hlietho, 1410.
+
+staef, st. m.: 1) _staff_: in comp. run-staf.--2) _elementum_: in comp. ar-,
+ende-, facen-staef.
+
+stael, st. m., _place, stead_: dat. sg. þaet þu me a waere foreth-gewitenum on
+faeder staele (_that thou, if I died, wouldst represent a father's place to
+me_), 1480.
+
+staelan, w. v., _to place; allure_ or _instigate_: inf. þa ic on morgne
+ge-fraegn maeg oetherne billes ecgum on bonan staelan _(then I learned that on
+the morrow one brother instigated the other to murder with the sword's
+edge_; or, _one avenged the other on the murderer_?, cf. 2962 seqq.), 2486.
+
+ge-staelan, _to place, impose, institute_: pret. part. ge feor hafaeth faehethe
+ge-staeled (_Grendel's mother has further begun hostilities against us_),
+1341.
+
+stede, st. m., _place, -stead_: in comp. bael-, burh-, folc-, heah-, meethel-,
+wang-, wic-stede.
+
+stefn, st. f., _voice_: nom. sg., 2553; instr. sg. niwan (niowan) stefne
+(properly nova voce) = denuo, _anew, again_, 2595, 1790.
+
+stefn, st. m., _prow of a ship_: acc. sg., 213; see bunden-, hringed-,
+wunden-stefna.
+
+on-stellan, w. v., _constituere, to cause, bring about_: pret. sg. se þaes
+or-leges or on-stealde, 2408.
+
+steng, st. m., _pole, pike_: in comp wael-steng.
+
+ge-steppan, w. v., _to stride, go_: pret. sg. folce ge-stepte ofer sae side
+sunu Ohtheres (_O.'s son_, i.e. Eadgils, _went with warriors over the broad
+sea_), 2394.
+
+stede (O.H.G. stati, M.H.G. staete), adj., _firm, steady_: nom. sg. waes
+stede naegla ge-hwylc style ge-licost (_each nail-place was firm as steel_),
+986.
+
+stepan, w. v. w. acc., _to exalt, honor_: pret. sg. þeah þe hine mihtig god
+... eafeethum stepte, 1718.
+
+ge-steald, st. n., _possessions, property_: in comp. in-gesteald, 1156.
+
+ge-stealla, w. m., (contubernalis), _companion, comrade_: in comp. eaxl-,
+fyrd-, hand-, lind-, nyd-ge-stealla.
+
+stearc-heort, adj., (fortis animo), _stout-hearted, courageous_: nom. sg.
+(of the dragon), 2289; (of Beowulf), 2553.
+
+steap, adj., _steep, projecting, towering_: acc. sg. steapne hrof, 927;
+stan-beorh steapne, 2214; wieth steapne rond, 2567; acc. pl. m. beorgas
+steape, 222; neut. steap stan-hlietho, 1410.--Comp. heaetho-steap.
+
+stille, adj., _still, quiet_: nom. sg. wid-floga wundum stille, 2831.
+
+stille, adv., _quietly_, 301.
+
+stincan, st. v., _to smell; snuff_: pret. sg. stonc þa aefter stane
+(_snuffed along the stone_), 2289.
+
+stieth, adj., _hard, stiff_: nom. sg. wunden-mael (swurd) ... stieth and
+stylecg, 1534.
+
+stieth-mod, adj., _stout-hearted, unflinching_: nom. sg., 2567.
+
+stig, st. m., _way, path_: nom. sg., 320, 2214; acc. pl. stige nearwe,
+1410--Comp. medu-stig.
+
+stigan, st. v., _to go, ascend_: pret. sg. þa he to holme [st]ag (_when he
+plunged forward into the sea_), 2363; pl. beornas ... on stefn stigon, 212;
+Wedera leode on wang stigon, 225; subj. pret. aer he on bed stige, 677.
+
+a-stigan, _to ascend_: pres. sg. þonon yeth-geblond up a-stigeeth won to
+wolcnum, 1374; gueth-rinc a-stah (_the fierce hero ascended_, i.e. was laid
+on the pyre? or, _the fierce smoke_ [rec] _ascended?_), 1119; gamen eft
+a-stah (_joy again went up, resounded_), 1161; wudu-rec a-stah sweart of
+swioethole, 3145; sweg up a-stag, 783.
+
+ge-stigan, _to ascend, go up_: pret. sg. þa ic on holm ge-stah, 633.
+
+storm, st. m., _storm_: nom. sg. straela storm (_storm of missiles_), 3118;
+instr. sg. holm storme weol (_the sea billowed stormily_), 1132.
+
+stol, st. m., _chair, throne, seat_: in comp. brego-, eethel-, gif-,
+gum-stol.
+
+stow, st. f., _place, -stow_: nom. sg. nis þaet heoru stow (_a haunted
+spot_), 1373; acc. sg. frecne stowe, 1379; grund-buendra gearwe stowe _(the
+place prepared for men_, i.e. death-bed; see gesacan and ge-nydan), 1007:
+comp. wael-stow.
+
+strang, strong, adj., _strong; valiant; mighty_: nom. sg. waes þaet ge-win to
+strang (_that sorrow was too great_), 133; þu eart maegenes strang (_strong
+of body_), 1845; waes sio hond to strong (_the hand was too powerful_),
+2685; superl. wigena strengest (_strongest of warriors_), 1544; maegenes
+strengest (_strongest in might_), 196; maegene strengest, 790.
+
+stradan? (cf. straede = passus, gressus), _to tread_, (be)-_stride, stride
+over_ (Grein): subj. pres. se þone wong strade, 3074. See Note.
+
+strael, st. m., _arrow, missile_: instr. sg. biteran straele, 1747; gen. pl.
+straela storm, 3118.
+
+straet, st. f., _street, highway_: nom. sg., 320; acc. sg. straete, 1635;
+fealwe straete, 917.--Comp.: lagu-, mere-straet.
+
+strengel, st. m., (_endowed with strength_), _ruler, chief_: acc. sg.
+wigena strengel, 3116.
+
+strengo, st. f., _strength, power, violence_: acc. sg. maegenes strenge,
+1271; dat. sg. strenge, 1534; strengo, 2541;--dat. pl. strengum =
+_violently, powerfully_ [_loosed from the strings_?], 3118: in comp.
+hilde-, maegen-, mere-strengo.
+
+stregan (O.S. strowian), w. v., _to strew, spread_: pret. part, waes þaem
+yldestan ... morethorbed stred (_the death-bed was spread for the eldest
+one_), 2437.
+
+stream, st. m., _stream, flood, sea_: acc. sg. stream, 2546; nom. pl.
+streamas, 212; acc. pl. streamas, 1262: comp. brim-, eagor-, firgen-,
+lagu-stream.
+
+ge-streon (cf. streon = robur, vis), st. n., _property, possessions_;
+hence, _valuables, treasure, jewels_: nom. pl. Heaetho-beardna ge-streon
+(_the costly treasure of the Heathobeardas_, i.e. the accoutrements
+belonging to the slain H.), 2038; acc. pl. aeethelinga, eorla ge-streon, 1921,
+3168.--Comp.: aer-, eald-, eorl-, heah-, hord-, long-, maethm-, sinc-,
+þeod-ge-streon.
+
+strudan, st. v., _to plunder, carry off_: subj. pres. naes þa on hlytme hwa
+þaet hord strude, 3127.
+
+ge-strynan, w. v. w. acc., _to acquire, gain_: inf. þaes þe (_because_) ic
+moste minum leodum ... swylc ge-strynan, 2799.
+
+stund, st. f., _time, space of time, while_: adv. dat. pl. stundum (_at
+times_), 1424.
+
+styrian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to arrange, put in order, tell_: inf. secg eft
+on-gan sieth Beowulfes snyttrum styrian (_the poet then began to tell B.'s
+feat skilfully_, i.e. put in poetic form), 873.--2) _to rouse, stir up_:
+pres. sg. III. þonne wind styreeth laeth ge-widru (_when the wind stirreth up
+the loathly weather_), 1375.--3) _to move against, attack, disturb_: subj.
+pres. þaet he ... hring-sele hondum styrede (_that he should attack the
+ring-hall with his hands_), 2841.
+
+styrman, w. v., _to rage, cry out_: pret. sg. styrmde, 2553.
+
+style, st. n., _steel_: dat. sg. style, 986.
+
+styl-ecg, adj., _steel-edged_: nom. sg., 1534.
+
+be-styman, w. v., _to inundate, wet, flood_: pret. part. (waeron) eal
+benc-þelu blode be-stymed, 486.
+
+suhtor-ge-faederan (collective), w. m. pl., _uncle and nephew, father's
+brother and brother's son_: nom. pl., 1165.
+
+sum, pron.: 1) indef., _one, a, any, a certain_; neut. _something_: a)
+without part. gen.: nom. sg. sum, 1252; hilde-rinc sum, 3125; neut. ne
+sceal þaer dyrne sum wesan (_naught there shall be hidden_), 271; acc. sg.
+m. sumne, 1433; instr. sg. sume worde (_by a word, expressly_), 2157; nom.
+pl. sume, 400, 1114; acc. pl. sume, 2941. b) with part. gen.: nom. sg.
+gumena sum (_one of men, a man_), 1500, 2302; mere-hraegla sum, 1906; þaet
+waes wundra sum, 1608; acc. sg. gylp-worda sum, 676. c) with gen. of
+cardinals or notions of multitude: nom. sg. fiftena sum (_one of fifteen,
+with fourteen companions_), 207; so, eahta sum, 3124; feara sum (_one of
+few, with a few_), 1413; acc. sg. manigra sumne (_one of many, with many_),
+2092; manna cynnes sumne (_one of the men_), i.e. one of the watchmen in
+Heorot), 714; feara sumne (_some few, one of few_; or, _one of the foes_?),
+3062.--2) with part. gen. sum sometimes = _this, that, the
+afore-mentioned_: nom. sg. eower sum (_a certain one, that one, of you_,
+i.e. Beowulf), 248; gueth-beorna sum (_the afore-mentioned warrior_, i.e. who
+had shown the way to Hroethgar's palace), 314; eorla sum (_the said knight_,
+i.e. Beowulf), 1313; acc. sg. hord-aerna sum (_a certain hoard-hall_), 2280.
+
+sund, st. m.: 1) _swimming_: acc. sg. ymb sund, 507; dat. sg. aet sunde (_in
+swimming_), 517; on sunde (_a-swimming_), 1619; gen. sg. sundes, 1437.--2)
+_sea, ocean, sound_: nom. sg., 223; acc. sg. sund, 213, 512, 539, 1427,
+1445.
+
+ge-sund, adj., _sound, healthy, unimpaired_: acc. sg. m. ge-sundne, 1629,
+1999; nom. pl. ge-sunde, 2076; acc. pl. w. gen. faeder alwalda ... eowic
+ge-healde sietha ge-sunde (_the almighty Father keep you safe and sound on
+your journey!_), 318.--Comp. an-sund.
+
+sund-ge-bland, st. n., (_the commingled sea_), _sea-surge, sea-wave_: acc.
+sg., 1451.
+
+sund-nyt, st. f., _swimming-power_ or _employment, swimming_: acc. sg.
+sund-nytte dreah (_swam through the sea_), 2361.
+
+sundur, sundor, adv., _asunder, in twain_: sundur gedaelan (_to separate,
+sunder_), 2423.
+
+sundor-nyt, st. f., _special service_ (service in a special case): acc. sg.
+sundor-nytte, 668.
+
+sund-wudu, st. m., (_sea-wood_), _ship_: nom. acc. sg. sund-wudu, 208,
+1907.
+
+sunne, w. f., _sun_: nom. sg., 607; gen. sg. sunnan, 94, 649.
+
+sunu, st. m., _son_: nom. sg., 524, 591, 646, 981, 1090, 1486, etc.; acc.
+sg. sunu, 268, 948, 1116, 1176, 1809, 2014, 2120; dat. sg. suna, 344, 1227,
+2026, 2161, 2730; gen. sg. suna, 2456, 2613, (1279); nom. pl. suna, 2381.
+
+sueth, adv., _south, southward_, 859.
+
+suethan, adv., _from the south_, 607; sigel suethan fus (_the sun inclined from
+the south_), 1967.
+
+swaethrian, w. v., _to sink to rest, grow calm_: brimu swaethredon (_the waves
+became calm_), 570. See sweethrian.
+
+swaethu, st. f., _trace, track, pathway_: acc. sg. swaethe, 2099.--Comp.:
+swat-, wald-swaethu.
+
+swaethul, st. m.? n.?, _smoke, mist_ (Dietrich in Haupt V. 215): dat. sg. on
+swaethule, 783. See sweoethol.
+
+swancor, adj., _slender, trim_: acc. pl. þrio wicg swancor, 2176.
+
+swan-rad, st. f., _swan-road, sea_: acc. sg. ofer swan-rade, 200.
+
+and-swarian, w. v., _to answer_: pret. sg. him se yldesta and-swarode, 258;
+so, 340.
+
+swa: 1) demons, adv., _so, in such a manner, thus_: swa sceal man don,
+1173, 1535; swa þa driht-guman dreamum lifdon, 99; þaet ge-aefndon swa (_that
+we thus accomplished_), 538; þaer hie meahton (i.e. feorh ealgian), 798; so,
+20, 144, 189, 559, 763, 1104, 1472, 1770, 2058, 2145, 2178, 2991; swa
+manlice _(so like a man_), 1047; swa fela (_so many_), 164, 592; swa
+deorlice daed (_so valiant a deed_), 585; hine swa godne (_him so good_),
+347; on swa geongum feore (_in so youthful age_), 1844; ge-deeth him swa
+ge-wealdene worolde daelas þaet ... (_makes parts of the world so subject to
+him that_...), 1733. In comparisons = _ever, the_ (adv.): me þin mod-sefa
+licaeth leng swa wel (_thy mind pleases me ever so well, the longer the
+better_), 1855. As an asseverative = _so_: swa me Higelac sie ... modes
+bliethe (_so be Higelac gracious-minded to me!_), 435; swa þeah
+(_nevertheless, however_), 973, 1930, 2879; swa þeh, 2968; hwaeethre swa þeah
+(_yet however_), 2443.--2): a) conj., _as, so as_: oeth þaet his byre mihte
+eorlscipe efnan swa his aerfaeder (_until his son might do noble deeds, as
+his old father did_), 2623; eft swa aer (_again as before_), 643;--with
+indic.: swa he selfa baed (_as he himself requested_), 29; swa he oft dyde
+(_as he often did_), 444; gaeeth a Wyrd swa hio sceal, 455; swa guman
+gefrungon, 667; so, 273, 352, 401, 561, 1049, 1056, 1059, 1135, 1232, 1235,
+1239, 1253, 1382, etc.;--with subj.: swa þin sefa hwette _(as pleases thy
+mind_, i.e. any way thou pleasest), 490. b) _as, as then, how_, 1143; swa
+hie a waeron ... nyd-gesteallan (_as they were ever comrades in need_), 882;
+swa hit diope ... be-nemdon þeodnas maere (_as, [how?] the mighty princes
+had deeply cursed it_), 3070; swa he manna waes wigend weorethfullost (_as he
+of men the worthiest warrior was_), 3099. c) _just as, the moment when_:
+swa þaet blod gesprang, 1668. d) _so that_: swa he ne mihte no (_so that he
+might not..._), 1509; so, 2185, 2007.--3) = qui, quae, quod, German so:
+worhte wlite-beorhtne wang swa waeter bebugeeth (_wrought the beauteous plain
+which_ (acc.) _water surrounds_), 93.--4) swa ... swa = _so ... as_, 595,
+687-8, 3170; efne swa ... swa (_even so ... as_), 1093-4, 1224, 1284; efne
+swa hwylc maegetha swa (_such a woman as, whatsoever woman_), 944; efne swa
+hwylcum manna swa (_even so to each man as_), 3058.
+
+for-swafan, st. v., _to carry away, sweep off_: pret. sg. ealle Wyrd
+for-sweof mine magas to metod-sceafte, 2815.
+
+for-swapan, st. v., _to sweep off, force_: pret. sg. hie Wyrd forsweop on
+Grendles gryre, 477.
+
+swat, st. m., (_sweat_), _wound-blood_: nom. sg., 2694, 2967; instr. sg.
+swate, 1287.--Comp. heaetho-, hilde-swat.
+
+swat-fah, adj., _blood-stained_: nom. sg., 1112.
+
+swatig, adj., _gory_: nom. sg., 1570.
+
+swat-swaethu, st. f., _blood-trace_: nom. sg., 2947.
+
+be-swaelan, w. v., _to scorch_: pret. part. waes se leg-draca ... gledum
+beswaeled, 3042.
+
+swaes, adj., _intimate, special, dear_: acc. sg. swaesne eethel, 520; nom. pl.
+swaese ge-siethas, 29; acc. pl. leode swaese, 1869; swaese ge-siethas, 2041; gen.
+pl. swaesra ge-sietha, 1935.
+
+swaes-lice, adv., _pleasantly, in a friendly manner_, 3090.
+
+swebban, w. v., (_to put to sleep_), _to kill_: inf. ic hine sweorde
+swebban nelle, 680; pres. sg. III. (absolutely) swefeeth, 601.
+
+a-swebban, _to kill, slay_: pret. part. nom. pl. sweordum a-swefede, 567.
+
+sweethrian, w. v., _to lessen, diminish_: inf. þaet þaet fyr ongan sweethrian,
+2703; pret. siethethan Heremodes hild sweethrode, 902.
+
+swefan, st. v.: 1) _to sleep_: pres. sg. III. swefeeth, 1742; inf. swefan,
+119, 730, 1673; pret. sg. swaef, 1801; pl. swaefon, 704; swaefun, 1281.--2)
+_to sleep the death-sleep, die_: pres. sg. III. swefeeth, 1009, 2061, 2747;
+pl. swefaeth, 2257, 2458.
+
+swegel, st. n., _ether, clear sky_: dat. sg. under swegle, 1079, 1198; gen.
+sg. under swegles begong, 861, 1774.
+
+swegle, adj., _bright, etherlike, clear_: acc. pl. swegle searo-gimmas,
+2750.
+
+swegel-wered, _quasi_ pret. part., _ether-clad_: nom. sg. sunne
+swegl-wered, 607.
+
+swelgan, st. v., _to swallow_: pret. sg. w. instr. syn-snaedum swealh
+(_swallowed in great bites_), 744; object omitted, subj. pres. nymethe liges
+faeethm swulge on swaethule, 783.
+
+for-swelgan, w. acc., _to swallow, consume_: pret. sg. for-swealg, 1123,
+2081.
+
+swellan, st. v., _to swell_: inf. þa sio wund on-gan ... swelan and
+swellan, 2714.
+
+sweltan, st. v., _to die, perish_: pret. sg. swealt, 1618, 2475; draca
+morethre swealt (_died a violent death_), 893, 2783; wundor-deaethe swealt,
+3038; hioro-dryncum swealt, 2359.
+
+swencan, w. v., _to swink, oppress, strike_: pret. sg. hine wundra þaes fela
+swencte (MS. swecte) on sunde, 1511.
+
+ge-swencan, _to oppress, strike, injure_: pret. sg. syethethan hine Haeethcyn ...
+flane geswencte, 2439; pret. part. synnum ge-swenced, 976; haeethstapa hundum
+ge-swenced, 1369.--Comp. lyft-ge-swenced.
+
+sweng, st. m., _blow, stroke_: dat. sg. swenge, 1521, 2967; swenge _(with
+its stroke_), 2687; instr. pl. sweordes swengum, 2387.--Comp.: feorh-,
+hete-, heaetho-, heoro-sweng.
+
+swerian, st. v., _to swear_: pret. w. acc. I. ne me swor fela aetha on unriht
+(_swore no false oaths_), 2739; he me aethas swor, 472.
+
+for-swerian, w. instr., _to forswear, renounce (protect with magic
+formulae?)_: pret. part. he sige-waepnum for-sworen haefde, 805.
+
+sweg, st. m., _sound, noise, uproar_: nom. sg. sweg, 783; hearpan sweg, 89,
+2459, 3024; sige-folca sweg, 645; sang and sweg, 1064; dat. sg. swege,
+1215.--Comp.: benc-, morgen-sweg.
+
+swelan, w. v., _to burn_ (here of wounds): inf. swelan, 2714. See swaelan.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black, dark_: nom. sg. wudu-rec sweart, 3146; dat.
+pl. sweartum nihtum, 167.
+
+sweoethol (cf. O.H.G. suedan, suethan = cremare; M.H.G. swadem = vapor; and
+Dietrich in Haupt V., 215), st. m.? n.?, _vapor, smoke, smoking flame_:
+dat. sg. ofer swioethole (MS. swic ethole), 3146. See swaethul.
+
+sweofot, st. m., _sleep_: dat. sg. on sweofote, 1582, 2296.
+
+sweoloeth, st. m., _heat, fire, flame_: dat. sg. sweoloethe, 1116. Cf. O.H.G.
+suilizo, suilizunga = ardor, cauma.
+
+sweorcan, st. v., _to trouble, darken_. pres. sg. III. ne him inwit-sorh on
+sefan sweorceeth (_darkens his soul_), 1738.
+
+for-sweorcan, _to grow dark_ or _dim_: pres. sg. III. eagena bearhtm
+for-siteeth and for-sworceeth, 1768.
+
+ge-sweorcan (intrans.), _to darken_: pret. sg. niht-helm ge-swearc, 1790.
+
+sweord, swurd, swyrd, st. n., _sword_: nom. sg. sweord, 1287, 1290, 1570,
+1606, 1616, 1697; swurd, 891; acc. sg. sweord, 437, 673, 1559, 1664, 1809,
+2253, 2500, etc.; swurd, 539, 1902; swyrd, 2611, 2988; instr. sg. sweorde,
+561, 574, 680, 2493, 2881; gen. sg. sweordes, 1107, 2194, 2387; acc. pl.
+sweord, 2639; nom. pl., 3049; instr. pl. sweordum, 567, 586, 885; gen. pl.
+sweorda, 1041, 2937, 2962.--Comp.: gueth-, maethethum-, waeg-sweord.
+
+sweord, st. f., _oath_: in comp. aeth-sweord _(sword-oath_?), 2065.
+
+sweord-bealo, st. n., _sword-bale, death by the sword_: nom. sg., 1148.
+
+sweord-freca, w. m., _sword-warrior_: dat. sg. sweord-frecan, 1469.
+
+sweord-gifu, st. f., _sword-gift, giving of swords_: nom. sg. swyrd-gifu,
+2885.
+
+sweotol, swutol, adj.: 1) _clear, bright_: nom. sg. swutol sang scopes,
+90.--2) _plain, manifest_: nom. sg. syndolh sweotol, 818; tacen sweotol,
+834; instr. sg. sweotolan tacne, 141.
+
+sweof, sweop. See swafan, swapan.
+
+swieth, st. n.? (O.N. swiethi), _burning pain_: in comp. þryeth-swieth(?).
+
+swift, adj., _swift_: nom. sg. se swifta mearh, 2265.
+
+swimman, swymman, st. v., _to swim_: inf. swymman, 1625.
+
+ofer-swimman, w. acc., _to swim over_ or _through_: pret. sg. ofer-swam
+sioleetha bigong (_swam over the sea_), 2368.
+
+swincan, st. v., _to struggle, labor, contend_: pret. pl. git on waeteres
+aeht seofon niht swuncon, 517.
+
+ge-swing, st. n., _surge, eddy_: nom. sg. atol yetha geswing, 849.
+
+swingan, st. v., _to swing one's self, fly_: pres. sg. III. ne god hafoc
+geond sael swingeeth, 2265.
+
+swican, st. v.: 1) _to deceive, leave in the lurch, abandon_: pret. sg.
+naefre hit (_the sword_) aet hilde ne swac manna aengum, 1461.--2) _to
+escape_: subj. pret. butan his lic swice, 967.
+
+ge-swican, _to deceive, leave in the lurch_: pret. sg. gueth-bill ge-swac
+nacod aet niethe, 2585, 2682; w. dat. seo ecg ge-swac þeodne aet þearfe (_the
+sword failed the prince in need_), 1525.
+
+swieth, swyeth (Goth, swinþ-s), adj., _strong, mighty_: nom. sg. waes þaet ge-win
+to swyeth, 191.--Comp. nom. sg. sio swiethre hand (_the right hand_), 2099;
+_harsh_, 3086.
+
+swiethe, adv., _strongly, very, much_, 598, 998, 1093, 1744, 1927; swyethe,
+2171, 2188. Compar. swiethor, _more, rather, more strongly_, 961, 1140, 1875,
+2199--Comp. un-swiethe.
+
+ofer-swiethian, w. v., _to overcome, vanquish_, w. acc. of person: pres. sg.
+III. oferswyetheeth, 279, 1769.
+
+swieth-ferheth, adj., (_fortis animo_), _strong-minded, bold, brave_: nom. sg.
+swyeth-ferheth, 827; gen. sg. swieth-ferhethes, 909; nom. pl. swieth-ferhethe, 493;
+dat. pl. swieth-ferhethum, 173.
+
+swieth-hycgend, pres. part. (_strenue cogitans_), _bold-minded, brave in
+spirit_: nom. sg. swieth-hycgende, 920; nom. pl. swieth-hycgende, 1017.
+
+swieth-mod, adj., _strong-minded_: nom. sg., 1625.
+
+on-swifan, st. v. w. acc., _to swing, turn, at_ or _against, elevate_:
+pret. sg. biorn (Beowulf) bord-rand on-swaf wieth þam gryre-gieste, 2560.
+
+swigian, w. v., _to be silent, keep silent_: pret. sg. lyt swigode niwra
+spella (_kept little of the new tidings silent_), 2898; pl. swigedon ealle,
+1700.
+
+swigor, adj., _silent, taciturn_: nom, sg. weak, þa waes swigra secg ... on
+gylp-spraece gueth-ge-weorca, 981.
+
+swin, swyn, st. n., _swine, boar_ (image on the helm): nom. sg. swyn, 1112;
+acc. sg. swin, 1287.
+
+swin-lic, st. n., _swine-image_ or _body_: instr. pl. swin-licum, 1454.
+
+swogan, st. v., _to whistle, roar_: pres. part. swogende leg, 3146.
+
+swutol. See sweotol.
+
+swylc, swilc (Goth, swa-leik-s), demons, adj. = _talis, such, such a_;
+relative = _qualis, as, which_: nom. sg. swylc, 178, 1941, 2542, 2709;
+swylc ... swylc=talis ... qualis, 1329; acc. sg. swylc, 2799; eall ...
+swylc (_all ... which, as_), 72; oether swylc (_such another_, i.e. hand),
+1584; on swylc (_on such things_), 997; dat. sg. gueth-fremmendra swylcum
+(_to such a battle-worker_, i.e. Beowulf), 299; gen. sg. swylces hwaet
+(_some such_), 881; acc. pl. swylce, 2870; call swylce ... swylce, 3166;
+swylce twegen (_two such_), 1348; ealle þearfe swylce (_all needs that_),
+1798; swylce hie ... findan meahton sigla searo-gimma (_such as they might
+find of jewels and cunning gems_), 1157; efne swylce maela swylce (_at just
+such times as_), 1250; gen. pl. swylcra searo-nietha, 582; swylcra fela ...
+aer-gestreona, 2232.
+
+swylce, adv., _as, as also, likewise, similarly_, 113, 293, 758, 831, 855,
+908, 921, 1147, 1166, 1428, 1483, 2460, 2825; ge swylce (_and likewise_),
+2259; swilce, 1153.
+
+swylt, st. m., _death_: nom. sg., 1256, 1437.
+
+swylt-daeg, st. m., _death-day_: dat. sg. aer swylt-daege, 2799.
+
+swynsian, w. v., _to sound_: pret. sg. hlyn swynsode, 612.
+
+swyrd. See sweord.
+
+swyethl. See swieth.
+
+swyn. See swin.
+
+syethethan (seethian, Gen. 1525), w. v., _to punish, avenge_, w. acc.: inf. þonne
+hit sweordes ecg syethethan scolde (_then the edge of the sword should avenge
+it_), 1107.
+
+syethethan. See siethethan.
+
+syfan-wintre, adj., _seven-winters-old_: nom. sg., 2429.
+
+syheth. See seon.
+
+syl (O.H.G. swella), st. f., _sill, bench-support_: dat. sg. fram sylle,
+776.
+
+sylfa. See selfa.
+
+syllan. See sellan.
+
+syllic. See sellic.
+
+symbol, syml, st. n., _banquet, entertainment_: acc. sg. symbel, 620, 1011;
+geaf me sinc and symbel (_gave me treasure and feasting_, i.e. made me his
+friend and table-companion), 2432; þaet hie ... symbel ymbsaeton (_that they
+might sit round their banquet_), 564; dat. sg. symle, 81, 489, 1009;
+symble, 119, 2105; gen. pl. symbla, 1233.
+
+symble, symle, adv., _continually, ever_: symble, 2451; symle, 2498; symle
+waes þy saemra (_he was ever the worse, the weaker_, i.e. the dragon), 2881.
+
+symbel-wyn, st. f., _banqueting-pleasure, joy at feasting_: acc. sg.
+symbel-wynne dreoh, 1783.
+
+syn, st. f., _sin, crime_: nom. synn and sacu, 2473; dat. instr. pl.
+synnum, 976, 1256, 3072.
+
+syn. See sin.
+
+syn-bysig, adj., (culpa laborans), _persecuted on account of guilt?_
+(Rieger), _guilt-haunted?_: nom. sg. secg syn-[by]sig, 2228.
+
+ge-syngian, w. v., _to sin, commit a crime_: pret. part. þaet waes feohleas
+ge-feoht, fyrenum ge-syngad, 2442.
+
+synnig, adj., _sin-laden, sinful_: acc. sg. m. sinnigne secg, 1380.--Comp.:
+fela-, un-synnig.
+
+ge-synto, f., _health_: dat. pl. on gesyntum, 1870.
+
+syrce. See serce.
+
+syrwan, w. v. w. acc., _to entrap, catch unawares_: pret. sg. duguethe and
+geogoethe seomade and syrede, 161.
+
+be-syrwan: 1) _to compass_ or _accomplish by finesse; effect_: inf. daed þe
+we ealle aer ne meahton snyttrum be-syrwan (_a deed that all of us could not
+accomplish before with all our wisdom_), 943.--2) _to entrap by guile and
+destroy_: inf. mynte se manscaetha manna cynnes sumne be-syrwan (_the fell
+foe thought to entrap some one (all?_, see sum) _of the men_), 714.
+
+syn, f., _seeing, sight, scene_: comp, an-syn.
+
+ge-syne, adj., _visible, to be seen_: nom. sg. 1256, 1404, 2948, 3059,
+3160.--Comp.: eeth-ge-syne, yeth-ge-sene.
+
+
+T
+
+taligean, w. v.: 1) _to count, reckon, number; esteem, think_: pres. sg. I.
+no ic me ... hnagran gueth-geweorca þonne Grendel hine (_count myself no
+worse than G. in battle-works_), 678; wen ic talige ...þaet (_I count on the
+hope ... that_), 1846; telge, 2068; sg. III. þaet raed talaeth þaet (_counts it
+gain that_), 2028.--2) _to tell, relate_: soeth ic talige (_I tell facts_),
+532; swa þu self talast (_as thou thyself sayst_), 595.
+
+tacen, st. n., _token, sign, evidence_: nom. sg. tacen sweotol, 834; dat.
+instr. sg. sweotolan tacne, 141; tires to tacne, 1655.--Comp. luf-tacen.
+
+tan, st. m., _twig_: in comp. ater-tan. [emended to ater-tearum in
+text--KTH]
+
+ge-taecan, w. v., _to show, point out_: pret. sg. him þa hilde-deor hof
+modigra torht ge-taehte (_the warrior pointed out to them the bright
+dwelling of the bold ones_, i.e. Danes), 313. Hence, _to indicate, assign_:
+pret. sona me se maera mago Healfdenes ... wieth his sylfes sunu setl getaehte
+(_assigned me a seat by his own son_), 2014.
+
+taele, adj., _blameworthy_: in comp. un-taele.
+
+ge-taese, adj., _quiet, still_: nom. sg. gif him waere ... niht ge-taese
+(_whether he had a pleasant, quiet, night_), 1321.
+
+tela, adv., _fittingly, well_, 949, 1219, 1226, 1821, 2209, 2738.
+
+telge. See talian.
+
+tellan, w. v., _to tell, consider, deem_: pret. sg. ne his lif-dagas leoda
+aenigum nytte tealde (_nor did he count his life useful to any man_), 795;
+þaet ic me aenigne under swegles begong ge-sacan ne tealde (_I believed not
+that I had any foe under heaven_), 1774; cwaeeth he þone gueth-wine godne tealde
+(_said he counted the war-friend good_), 1811; he usic gar-wigend gode
+tealde (_deemed us good spear-warriors_), 2642; pl. swa (_so that_) hine
+Geata beam godne ne tealdon, 2185.--2) _to ascribe, count against, impose_:
+pret. sg. (Þryetho) him waelbende weotode tealde hand-gewriethene, 1937.
+
+ge-tenge, adj., _attached to, lying on_: w. dat. gold ... grunde ge-tenge,
+2759.
+
+tear, st. m., _tear_: nom. pl. tearas, 1873.
+
+teoh, st. f., _troop, band_: dat. sg. earmre teohhe, 2939.
+
+(ge?)-teohhian, w. v., _to fix, determine, assign_: pret. sg. ic for laessan
+lean teohhode ... hnahran rince, 952; pres. part. waes oether in aer geteohhod
+(_assigned_)... maerum Geate, 1301.
+
+teon, st. v., _to draw, lead_: inf. heht ... eahta mearas ... on flet teon
+(_bade eight horses be led into the hall_), 1037; pret. sg. me to grunde
+teah fah feond-sceaetha (_the many-hued fiend-foe drew me to the bottom_),
+553; eft-siethas teah (_withdrew, returned_), 1333; sg. for pl. aeg-hwylcum
+...þara þe mid Beowulfe brim-lade teah (_to each of those that crossed the
+sea with B._) 1052; pret. part. þa waes ... heard ecg togen (_then was the
+hard edge drawn_), 1289; weareth ... on naes togen (_was drawn to the
+promontory_), 1440.
+
+a-teon, _to wander, go_, intrans.: pret. sg. to Heorute a-teah (_drew to
+Heorot_), 767.
+
+ge-teon: 1) _to draw_: pret. sg. gomel swyrd ge-teah, 2611; w. instr. and
+acc. hyre seaxe ge-teah, brad brun-ecg, 1546.--2) _to grant, give, lend_:
+imp. no þu him wearne geteoh þinra gegn-cwida glaednian (_refuse not to
+gladden them with thy answer_), 366; pret. sg. and þa Beowulfe bega
+gehwaeethres eodor Ingwina onweald ge-teah (_and the prince of the Ingwins
+gave B. power over both_), 1045; so, he him est geteah (_gave possession
+of_), 2166.
+
+of-teon, _to deprive, withdraw_, w. gen. of thing and dat. pers.: pret. sg.
+Scyld Scefing ... monegum maegethum meodo-setla of-teah, 5; w. acc. of thing,
+hond ... feorh-sweng ne of-teah, 2490; w. dat. hond (hord, MS.) swenge ne
+of-teah, 1521.
+
+þurh-teon, _to effect_: inf. gif he torn-gemot þurh-teon mihte, 1141.
+
+teon (cf. teoh, _materia_, O.H.G. ziuc), w. v. w. acc., _to make, work_:
+pret. sg. teode, 1453;--_to furnish out, deck_: pret. pl. nalas hi hine
+laessan lacum teodan (_provided him with no less gifts_), 43.
+
+ge-teon, _to provide, do, bring on_: pres. sg. unc sceal weorethan ... swa
+unc Wyrd ge-teoeth, 2527; pret. sg. þe him ... sare ge-teode (_who had done
+him this harm_), 2296.
+
+ge-teona, w. m., _injurer, harmer_: in comp. laeth-ge-teona.
+
+til, adj., _good, apt, fit_: nom. sg. m. Halga til, 61; þegn ungemete till
+(of Wiglaf), 2722; fem. waes seo þeod tilu, 1251; neut. ne waes þaet ge-wrixle
+til, 1305.
+
+tilian, w. v. w. gen., _to gain, win_: inf. gif ic ... owihte maeg þinre
+mod-lufan maran tilian (_if I ... gain_), 1824.
+
+timbrian, w. v., _to build_: pret. part. acc. sg. sael timbred (_the
+well-built hall_), 307.
+
+be-timbrian, (construere), _to finish building, complete_: pret. pl.
+betimbredon on tyn dagum beadu-rofes becn, 3161.
+
+tid, st. f., _-tide, time_: acc. sg. twelf wintra tid, 147; lange tid,
+1916; in þa tide, 2228.--Comp.: an-, morgen-tid.
+
+ge-tiethian (from tigethian), w. v., _to grant_: pret. part. impers. waes ...
+bene (gen.) ge-tiethad feasceaftum men, 2285.
+
+tir, st. m., _glory, repute in war_. gen. sg. tires, 1655.
+
+tir-eadig, adj., _glorious, famous_: dat. sg. tir-eadigum menn (of
+Beowulf), 2190.
+
+tir-faest, adj., _famous, rich in glory_. nom. sg. (of Hroethgar), 923.
+
+tir-leas, adj., _without glory, infamous_: gen. sg. (of Grendel), 844.
+
+toga, w. m., _leader_: in comp. folc-toga.
+
+torht, adj., _bright, brilliant_: acc. sg. neut. hof ... torht,
+313.--Comp.: wuldor-torht, heaetho-torht (_loud in battle_).
+
+torn, st. n.: 1) _wrath, insult, distress_: acc. sg. torn, 147, 834; gen.
+pl. torna, 2190.--2) _anger_: instr. sg. torne ge-bolgen, 2402.--Comp.
+lige-torn.
+
+torn, adj., _bitter, cruel_: nom. sg, hreowa tornost, 2130.
+
+torn-ge-mot, st. n., (_wrathful meeting_), _angry engagement, battle_: acc.
+sg., 1141.
+
+to, I. prep. w. dat. indicating direction or tending to, hence: 1) local =
+whither after verbs of motion, _to, up to, at_: com to recede (_to the
+hall_), 721; eode to sele, 920; eode to hire frean sittan, 642; gaeeth eft ...
+to medo (_goeth again to mead_), 605; wand to wolcnum (_wound to the
+welkin_), 1120; sigon to slaepe (_sank to sleep_), 1252; 28, 158, 234, 438,
+553, 926, 1010, 1014, 1155, 1159, 1233, etc.; lieth-waege baer haelum to handa
+(_bore the ale-cup to the hands of the men? at hand?_), 1984; oeth þaet niht
+becom oether to yldum, 2118; him to bearme cwom maethethum-faet maere (_came to his
+hands, into his possession_), 2405; saelde to sande sid-faeethme scip
+(_fastened the broad-bosomed ship to the shore_), 1918; þat se harm-scaetha
+to Heorute a-teah (_went forth to Heorot_), 767. After verb sittan: site nu
+to symble (_sit now to the meal_), 489; siethethan ... we to symble geseten
+haefdon, 2105; to ham (_home, at home_), 124, 374, 2993. With verbs of
+speaking: maethelode to his wine-drihtne (_spake to his friendly lord_), 360;
+to Geatum sprec, 1172; so, heht þaet heaetho-weorc to hagan biodan (_bade the
+battle-work be told at the hedge_), 2893.--2) with verbs of bringing and
+taking (cf. under on, I., d): hraethe waes to bure Beowulf fetod (_B. was
+hastily brought from a room_), 1311; siethethan Hama aet-waeg to þaere byrhtan
+byrig Brosinga mene (_since H. carried the Brosing-necklace off from the
+bright city_), 1200; wean ahsode. faehetho to Frysum (_suffered woe, feud as
+to, from, the Frisians_), 1208.--3) =end of motion, hence: a) _to, for, as,
+in_: þone god sende folce to frofre (_for, as, a help to the folk_), 14;
+gesette ... sunnan and monan leoman to leohte (_as a light_), 95; ge-saet
+... to rune (_sat in counsel_), 172; weareth he Heaetho-lafe to hand-bonan,
+460; bringe ... to helpe (_bring to, for, help_), 1831; Jofore forgeaf
+angan dohtor ... hyldo to wedde (_as a pledge of his favor_), 2999; so,
+508(?), 666, 907, 972, 1022, 1187, 1263, 1331, 1708, 1712, 2080, etc.;
+secgan to soethe (_to say in sooth_), 51; so, 591, 2326. b) with verbs of
+thinking, hoping, etc., _on, for, at, against_: he to gyrn-wraece swiethor
+þohte þonne to sae-lade (_thought more on vengeance than on the
+sea-voyage_), 1139; saecce ne weneeth to Gar-Denum (_nor weeneth of conflict
+with the Spear-Danes_), 602; þonne wene ic to þe wyrsan geþinges (_then I
+expect for thee a worse result_), 525; ne ic to Sweoþeode sibbe oethethe treowe
+wihte ne wene (_nor expect at all of, from, the Swedes_ ...), 2923; wiste
+þaem ahlaecan to þaem heah-sele hilde ge-þinged (_battle prepared for the
+monster in the high hall_), 648; wel bieth þaem þe mot to faeder faeethmum freoetho
+wilnian (_well for him that can find peace in the Father's arms_), 188;
+þara þe he ge-worhte to West-Denum (_of those that he wrought against the
+West-Danes_), 1579.--4) with the gerund, inf.: to gefremmanne (_to do_),
+174; to ge-cyethanne (_to make known_), 257; to secganne (_to say_), 473; to
+befleonne (_to avoid, escape_), 1004; so, 1420, 1725, 1732, 1806, 1852,
+1923, 1942, etc. With inf.: to feran, 316; to friclan, 2557.--5) temporal:
+gewat him to gescaep-hwile (_went at(?) the hour of fate_; or, _to his fated
+rest?_), 26; to widan feore (_ever, in their lives_), 934; awa to aldre
+(_for life, forever_), 956; so, to aldre, 2006, 2499; to life (_during
+life, ever_), 2433.--6) with particles: wod under wolcnum to þaes þe ...
+(_went under the welkin to the point where_ ...), 715; so, elne ge-eodon to
+þaes þe, 1968; so, 2411; he him þaes lean for-geald ... to þaes þe he on reste
+geseah Grendel licgan (_he paid him for that to the point that he saw G.
+lying dead_), 1586; waes þaet blod to þaes hat (_the blood was hot to that
+degree_), 1617; naes þa long to þon þaet (_'twas not long till_), 2592, 2846;
+waes him se man to þon leof þaet (_the man was dear to him to that degree_),
+1877; to hwan siethethan weareth hond-raes haeleetha (_up to what point, how, the
+hand-contest turned out_), 2072; to middes (_in the midst_), 3142.
+
+II. Adverbial modifier, _quasi_ preposition [better explained in many cases
+as prep. postponed]: l) _to, towards, up to, at_: geong sona to, 1786; so,
+2649; feheth oether to, 1756; sae-lac ... þe þu her to locast (_upon which thou
+here lookest_), 1655; folc to saegon (_the folk looked on_), 1423; þaet hi
+him to mihton gegnum gangan (_might proceed thereto_), 313; se þe him
+bealwa to bote gelyfde (_who believed in help out of evils from him_, i.e.
+Beowulf), 910; him to anwaldan are ge-lyfde (_trusted for himself to the
+Almighty's help_), 1273; þe us seceaeth to Sweona leode (_that the Swedes
+will come against us_), 3002.--2) before adj. and adv., _too_: to strang
+(_too mighty_), 133; to faest, 137; to swyeth, 191; so, 789, 970, 1337, 1743,
+1749, etc.; to fela micles (_far too much_), 695; he to foreth ge-stop (_he
+had gone too far_), 2290.
+
+toeth (G. tunþu-s), st. m., _tooth_: in comp. blodig-toeth (adj.).
+
+tredan, st. v. w. acc., _to tread_: inf. sae-wong tredan, 1965; el-land
+tredan, 3020; pret. sg. wraec-lastas traed, 1353; medo-wongas traed, 1644;
+graes-moldan traed, 1882.
+
+treddian, tryddian (see trod), w. v., _to stride, tread, go_: pret. sg.
+treddode, 726; tryddode getrume micle (_strode about with a strong troop_),
+923.
+
+trem, st. n., _piece, part_: acc. sg. ne ... fotes trem (_not a foot's
+breadth_), 2526.
+
+treow, st. f., _fidelity, good faith_: acc. sg. treowe, 1073; sibbe oethethe
+treowe, 2923.
+
+treow, st. n., _tree_: in comp. galg-treow.
+
+treowian. See truwian.
+
+treow-loga, w. m., _troth-breaker, pledge-breaker_: nom. pl. treow-logan,
+2848.
+
+trodu, st. f., _track, step_: acc. sg. or pl. trode, 844.
+
+ge-trum, st. n., _troop, band_: instr. sg. ge-trume micle, 923.
+
+trum, adj., _strong, endowed with_: nom. sg. heorot hornum trum, 1370.
+
+ge-truwan, w. v. w. acc., _to confirm, pledge solemnly_: pret. sg. þa hie
+getruwedon on twa healfe faeste frioethu-waere, 1096.
+
+truwian, treowan, w. v., _to trust in, rely on, believe in_: 1) w. dat.:
+pret. sg. siethe ne truwode leofes mannes (_I trusted not in the dear man's
+enterprise_), 1994; bearne ne truwode þaet he ... (_she trusted not the
+child that_ ...), 2371; gehwylc hiora his ferhethe treowde þaet he ... (_each
+trusted his heart that_ ...), 1167.--2) w. gen.: pret. sg. Geata leod
+georne truwode modgan maegnes, 670; wiethres ne truwode, 2954.
+
+ge-truwian, _to rely on, trust in_, w. dat.: pret. sg. strenge ge-truwode,
+mund-gripe maegenes, 1534;--w. gen. pret. sg. beorges ge-truwode, wiges and
+wealles, 2323; strenge ge-truwode anes mannes, 2541.
+
+tryddian. See treddian.
+
+trywe, adj., _true, faithful_: nom. sg. þa gyt waes ... aeghwylc oethrum trywe,
+1166.
+
+ge-trywe, adj., _faithful_: nom. sg. her is aeghwylc eorl oethrum ge-trywe,
+1229.
+
+turf, st. f., _sod, soil, seat_: in comp. eethel-turf.
+
+tux, st. m., _tooth, tusk_: in comp. hilde-tux.
+
+ge-twaefan, w. v. w. acc. of person and gen. thing, _to separate, divide,
+deprive of, hinder_: pres. sg. III. þaet þec adl oethethe ecg eafoethes ge-twaefeeth
+(_robs of strength_), 1764; inf. god eaethe maeg þone dol-scaethan daeda
+ge-twaefan (_God may easily restrain the fierce foe from his deeds_), 479;
+pret. sg. sumne Geata leod ... feores getwaefde (_cut him off from life_),
+1434; no þaer waeg-flotan wind ofer yethum siethes ge-twaefde (_the wind hindered
+not the wave-floater in her course over the water_), 1909; pret. part. aet
+rihte waes gueth ge-twaefed (_almost had the struggle been ended_), 1659.
+
+ge-twaeman, w. v. acc. pers. and gen. thing, _to hinder, render incapable
+of, restrain_: inf. ic hine ne mihte ... ganges getwaeman, 969.
+
+twegen, m. f. n. twa, num., _twain, two_: nom. m. twegen, 1164; acc. m.
+twegen, 1348; dat. twaem, 1192 gen. twega, 2533; acc. f. twa, 1096, 1195.
+
+twelf, num., _twelve_, gen. twelfa, 3172.
+
+tweone (Frisian twine), num. = _bini, two_: dat. pl. be saem tweonum, 859,
+1298; 1686.
+
+twidig, adj., in comp. lang-twidig (_long-assured_), 1709.
+
+tyder, st. m., _race, descendant_: in comp. un-tyder, 111.
+
+tydre (Frisian teddre), adj., _weak, unwarlike, cowardly_: nom. pl. tydre,
+2848.
+
+tyn, num., _ten_: uninflect. dat. on tyn dagum, 3161; inflect. nom. tyne,
+2848.
+
+tyrwian, w. v., _to tar_: pret. part. tyrwed in comp.: niw-tyrwed.
+
+on-tyhtan, w. v., _to urge on, incite, entice_: pret. sg. on-tyhte, 3087.
+
+
+Þ
+
+þafian, w. v. w. acc., _to submit to, endure_: inf. þaet se þeod-cyning
+þafian sceolde Eofores anne dom, 2964.
+
+þanc, st. m.: 1) _thought_: in comp. fore-, hete-, or-, searo-þanc;
+inwit-þanc (adj.).--2) _thanks_ (w. gen. of thing): nom. sg., 929, 1779;
+acc. sg. þanc, 1998, 2795.--3) _content, favor, pleasure_: dat. sg. þa þe
+gif-sceattas Geata fyredon þyder to þance (_those that tribute for the
+Geatas carried thither for favor_). 379.
+
+ge-þanc, st. m., _thought_: instr. pl. þeostrum ge-þoncum, 2333.--Comp.
+mod-ge-þanc.
+
+þanc-hycgende, pres. part., _thoughtful_, 2236.
+
+þancian, w. v., _to thank_: pret. sg. gode þancode ... þaes þe hire se willa
+ge-lamp (_thanked God that her wish was granted_), 626; so, 1398; pl.
+þancedon, 627(?).
+
+þanon, þonon, þonan, adv., _thence_: 1) local: þanon eft gewat (_he went
+thence back_), 123; þanon up ... stigon (_went up thence_), 224; so, þanon,
+463, 692, 764, 845, 854, 1293; þanan, 1881; þonon, 520, 1374, 2409; þonan,
+820, 2360, 2957.--2) personal: þanon untydras ealle on-wocon (_from him_,
+i.e. Cain, etc.), 111; so, þanan, 1266; þonon, 1961; unsofte þonon feorh
+oeth-ferede (i.e. from Grendel's mother), 2141.
+
+þa, adv.: l) _there, then_, 3, 26, 28, 34, 47, 53, etc. With þaer: þa þaer,
+331. With nu: nu þa (_now then_), 658.--2) conjunction, _when, as, since_,
+w. indic., 461, 539, 633, etc.;--_because, whilst, during, since_, 402,
+465, 724, 2551, etc.
+
+þaet, I. demons, pron. acc. neut. of se: demons, nom. þaet (_that_), 735,
+766, etc.; instr. sg. þy, 1798, 2029; þaet ic þy waepne ge-braed (_that I
+brandished as(?) a weapon; that I brandished the weapon?_), 1665; þy
+weorethra (_the more honored_), 1903; þy seft (_the more easily_), 2750; þy
+laes hym yethe þrym wudu wynsuman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the
+waves the winsome boat might carry away_), 1919; no þy aer (_not sooner_),
+755, 1503, 2082, 2374, 2467; no þy leng (_no longer, none the longer_),
+975. þy =adv., _therefore, hence_, 1274, 2068; þe ... þe = _on this
+account; for this reason ... that, because_, 2639-2642; wiste þe geornor
+(_knew but too well_), 822; he ... waes sundes þe saenra þe hine swylt fornam
+(_he was the slower in swimming as [whom?] death carried him off_), 1437;
+naes him wihte þe sel (_it was none the better for him_), 2688; so, 2278.
+Gen. sg. þaes = adv., _for this reason, therefore_, 7, 16, 114, 350, 589,
+901, 1993, 2027, 2033, etc. þaes þe, especially after verbs of thanking, =
+_because_, 108, 228, 627, 1780, 2798;--also = secundum quod: þaes þe hie
+gewislicost ge-witan meahton, 1351;--_therefore, accordingly_, 1342, 3001;
+to þaes (_to that point; to that degree_), 715, 1586, 1617, 1968, 2411; þaes
+georne (_so firmly_), 969; ac he þaes faeste waes ... besmiethod (_it was too
+firmly set_), 774; no þaes frod leofaeth gumena bearna þaet þone grund wite
+(_none liveth among men so wise that he should know its bottom_), 1368; he
+þaes (þaem, MS.) modig waes (_had the courage for it_), 1509.
+
+II. conj. (relative), _that, so that_, 15, 62, 84, 221, 347, 358, 392, 571,
+etc.; oeth þaet (_up to that, until_); see oeth.
+
+þaette (from þaet þe, see þe), _that_, 151, 859, 1257, 2925, etc.; þaet þe
+(_that_), 1847.
+
+þaer: 1) demons. adv., _there (where)_, 32, 36, 89, 400, 757, etc.;
+morethor-bealo maga, þaer heo aer maeste heold worolde wynne (_the death-bale of
+kinsmen where before she had most worldly joy_), 1080. With þa: þa þaer,
+331; þaer on innan (_therein_), 71. Almost like Eng. expletive _there_, 271,
+550, 978, etc.;--_then, at that time_, 440;--_thither_: þaer swieth-ferhethe
+sittan eodon (_thither went the bold ones to sit_, i.e. to the bench), 493,
+etc.--2) relative, _where_, 356, 420, 508, 513, 522, 694, 867, etc.; eode
+... þaer se snottra bad (_went where the wise one tarried_), 1314; so,
+1816;--_if_, 763, 798, 1836, 2731, etc.;--_whither_: ga þaer he wille, 1395.
+
+þe, I. relative particle, indecl., partly standing alone, partly associated
+with se, seo, þaet: Hunfereth maethelode, þe aet fotum saet (_H., who sat at his
+feet, spake_), 500; so, 138, etc.; waes þaet gewin to swyeth þe on þa leode
+be-com (_the misery that had come on the people was too great_), 192, etc.;
+ic wille ... þe þa and-sware aedre ge-cyethan þe me se goda a-gifan þenceeth (_I
+will straightway tell thee the answer that the good one shall give_), 355;
+oeth þone anne daeg þe he ... (_till that very day that he_ ...), 2401; heo þa
+faehethe wraec þe þu ... Grendel cwealdest (_the fight in which thou slewest
+G._), 1335; mid þaere sorge þe him sio sar belamp (_with the sorrow
+wherewith the pain had visited him_), 2469; pl. þonne þa dydon þe ...
+(_than they did that_ ...), 45; so, 378, 1136; þa maethmas þe he me sealde
+(_the treasures that he gave me_), 2491; so, ginfaestan gife þe him god
+sealde (_the great gifts that God had given him_), 2183. After þara þe (_of
+those that_), the depend. verb often takes sg. instead of pl. (Dietrich,
+Haupt XI., 444 seqq.): wundor-siona fela secga ge-hwylcum þara þe on swylc
+staraeth (_to each of those that look on such_), 997; so, 844, 1462, 2384,
+2736. Strengthened by se, seo, þaet: saegde se þe cuethe (_said he that knew_),
+90; waes se grimma gaest Grendel haten, se þe moras heold (_the grim stranger
+hight Grendel, he that held the moors_), 103; here-byrne ... seo þe
+ban-cofan beorgan cuethe (_the corselet that could protect the body_), 1446,
+etc.; þaer ge-lyfan sceal dryhtnes dome se þe hine deaeth nimeeth (_he shall
+believe in God's judgment whom death carrieth off_), 441; so, 1437, 1292
+(cf. Heliand I., 1308).
+
+þaes þe. See þaet.
+
+þeah þe. See þeah.
+
+for þam þe. See for-þam.
+
+þy, þe, _the, by that_, instr. of se: ahte ic holdra þy laes ... þe deaeth
+for-nam (_I had the less friends whom death snatched away_), 488; so, 1437.
+
+þeccan, w. v., _to cover_ (thatch), _cover over_: inf. þa sceal brond
+fretan, aeled þeccean (_fire shall eat, flame shall cover, the treasures_),
+3016; pret. pl. þaer git eagor-stream earmum þehton (_in swimming_), 513.
+
+þegn, st. m., _thane, liegeman, king's higher vassal; knight_: nom. sg.,
+235, 494, 868, 2060, 2710; (Beowulf), 194; (Wiglaf), 2722; acc. sg. þegen
+(Beowulf, MS. þegn), 1872; dat. sg. þegne, 1342, 1420; (Hengest), 1086;
+(Wiglaf), 2811; gen. sg. þegnes, 1798; nom. pl. þegnas, 1231; acc. pl.
+þegnas, 1082, 3122; dat. pl. þegnum, 2870; gen. pl. þegna, 123, 400, 1628,
+1674, 1830, 2034, etc.--Comp.: ambiht-, ealdor-, heal-, magu-, sele-þegn.
+
+þegnian, þenian, w. v., _to serve, do liege service_: pret. sg. ic him
+þenode deoran sweorde (_I served them with my good sword_, i.e. slew them
+with it), 560.
+
+þegn-sorh, st. f., _thane-sorrow, grief for a liegeman_: acc. sg.
+þegn-sorge, 131.
+
+þegu, st. f., _taking_: in comp.: beah-, beor-, sinc-þegu.
+
+þel, st. n., _deal-board, board for benches_: in comp. benc-þel, 486, 1240.
+
+þencan, w. v.: 1) _to think_: absolutely: pres. sg. III. se þe wel þenceeth,
+289; so, 2602. With depend. clause: pres. sg. naenig heora þohte þaet he ...
+(_none of them thought that he_), 692.--2) w. inf., _to intend_: pres. sg.
+III. þa and-sware ... þe me se goda a-gifan þenceeth (_the answer that the
+good one intendeth to give me_), 355; (blodig wael) byrgean þenceeth, 448;
+þonne he ... gegan þenceeth longsumne lof (_if he will win eternal fame_),
+1536; pret. sg. ne þaet aglaeca yldan þohte (_the monster did not mean to
+delay that_), 740; pret. pl. wit unc wieth hronfixas werian þohton, 541;
+(hine) on healfa ge-hwone heawan þohton, 801.
+
+a-þencan, _to intend, think out_: pret. sg. (he) þis ellen-weorc ana
+a-þohte to ge-fremmanne, 2644.
+
+ge-þencan, w. acc.: 1) _to think of_: þaet he his selfa ne maeg ... ende
+ge-þencean (_so that he himself may not think of, know, its limit_),
+1735.--2) _to be mindful_: imper. sg. ge-þenc nu ... hwaet wit geo spraecon,
+1475.
+
+þenden: 1) adv., _at this time, then, whilst_: nalles facen-stafas
+Þeod-Scyldingas þenden fremedon (_not at all at this time had the Scyldings
+done foul deeds_), 1020 (referring to 1165; cf. Widsieth, 45 seqq.); þenden
+reafode rinc oetherne (_whilst one warrior robbed another_, i.e. Eofor robbed
+Ongenþeow), 2986.--2) conj., _so long as, whilst_, 30, 57, 284, 1860, 2039,
+2500, 3028;--_whilst_, 2419. With subj., _whilst, as long as_: þenden þu
+mote, 1178; þenden þu lifige, 1255; þenden hyt sy (_whilst the heat
+lasts_), 2650.
+
+þengel, st. m., _prince, lord, ruler_: acc. sg. hringa þengel (Beowulf),
+1508.
+
+þes (m.), þeos (f.), þis (n.), demons. pron., _this_: nom. sg. 411, 432,
+1703; f., 484; nom. acc. neut., 2156, 2252, 2644; þys, 1396; acc. sg. m.
+þisne, 75; f. þas, 1682; dat. sg. neut. þissum, 1170; þyssum, 2640; f.
+þisse, 639; gen. m. þisses, 1217; f. þisse, 929; neut. þysses, 791, 807;
+nom. pl. and acc. þas, 1623, 1653, 2636, 2641; dat. þyssum, 1063, 1220.
+
+þe. See þaet.
+
+þeh. See þeah.
+
+þearf, st. f., _need_: nom. sg. þearf, 1251, 2494, 2638; þa him waes manna
+þearf (_as he was in need of men_), 201; acc. sg. þearfe, 1457, 2580, 2850;
+fremmaeth ge nu leoda þearfe (_do ye now what is needful for the folk_),
+2802; dat. sg. aet þearfe, 1478, 1526, 2695, 2710; acc. pl. se for andrysnum
+ealle beweotede þegnes þearfe (_who would supply in courtesy all the
+thane's needs_), 1798 (cf. sele-þegn, 1795).--Comp.: firen-, nearo-,
+ofer-þearf.
+
+þearf. See þurfan.
+
+ge-þearfian, w. v., = _necessitatem imponere_: pret. part. þa him swa
+ge-þearfod waes (_since so they found it necessary_), 1104.
+
+þearle, adv., _very, exceedingly_, 560.
+
+þeah, þeh, conj., _though, even though_ or _if_: 1) with subj. þeah, 203,
+526, 588, 590, 1168, 1661, 2032, 2162. Strengthened by þe: þeah þe, 683,
+1369, 1832, 1928, 1942, 2345, 2620; þeah ... eal (_although_), 681.--2)
+with indic.: þeah, 1103; þeh, 1614.--3) doubtful: þeah he uethe wel, 2856;
+swa þeah (_nevertheless_), 2879; no ... swa þeah (_not then however_), 973;
+naes þe forht swa þeh (_he was not, though, afraid_), 2968; hwaeethre swa þeah
+(_yet however_), 2443.
+
+þeaw, st. m., _custom, usage_: nom. sg., 178, 1247; acc. sg. þeaw, 359;
+instr. pl. þeawum (_in accordance with custom_), 2145.
+
+þeod, st. f.: 1) _war-troop, retainers_: nom. sg., 644, 1231, 1251.--2)
+_nation, folk_: nom. sg., 1692; gen. pl. þeoda, 1706.--Comp.: sige-,
+wer-þeod.
+
+þeod-cyning, st. m., (=folc-cyning), _warrior-king, king of the people_:
+nom. sg. (Hroethgar), 2145; (Ongenþeow), 2964, 2971; þiod-cyning (Beowulf),
+2580; acc. sg. þeod-cyning (Beowulf), 3009; gen. sg. þeod-cyninges
+(Beowulf), 2695; gen. pl. þeod-cyninga, 2.
+
+þeoden, st. m., _lord of a troop, war-chief, king; ruler_: nom. sg., 129,
+365, 417, 1047, 1210, 1676, etc.; þioden, 2337, 2811; acc. sg. þeoden, 34,
+201, 353, 1599, 2385, 2722, 2884, 3080; þioden, 2789; dat. sg. þeodne, 345,
+1526, 1993, 2573, 2710, etc.; þeoden, 2033; gen. sg. þeodnes 798, 911,
+1086, 1628, 1838, 2175; þiodnes, 2657; nom. pl. þeodnas, 3071.
+
+þeoden-leas, adj., _without chief_ or _king_: nom. pl. þeoden-lease, 1104.
+
+þeod-gestreon, st. n., _people's-jewel, precious treasure_: instr. pl.
+þeod-ge-streonum, 44; gen. pl. þeod-ge-streona, 1219.
+
+þeodig, adj., _appertaining to a_ þeod: in comp. el-þeodig.
+
+þeod-scaetha, w. m., _foe of the people, general foe_: nom. sg. þeod-sceaetha
+(_the dragon_), 2279, 2689.
+
+þeod-þrea, st. f. m., _popular misery, general distress_: dat. pl. wieth
+þeod-þreaum, 178.
+
+þeof, st. m., _thief_: gen. sg. þeofes craefte, 2221.
+
+þeon, st. v.: 1) _to grow, ripen, thrive_: pret. sg. weorethmyndum þah (_grew
+in glory_), 8.--2) _to thrive in, succeed_: pret. sg. huru þaet on lande lyt
+manna þah (_that throve to few_), 2837. See Note, l. 901.
+
+ge-þeon, _to grow, thrive; increase in power and influence_: imper. ge-þeoh
+tela, 1219; inf. lof-daedum sceal ... man geþeon, 25; þaet þaet þeodnes bearn
+ge-þeon scolde, 911.
+
+on-þeon? _to begin, undertake_, w. gen.: pret. he þaes aer onþah, 901. [In
+MS. Emended in text.--KTH] See Note, l. 901.
+
+þeon (for þeowan), w. v., _to oppress, restrain_: inf. naes se folc-cyning
+ymb-sittendra aenig þara þe mec ... dorste egesan þeon (_that durst oppress
+me with terror_), 2737.
+
+þeostor, adj., _dark, gloomy_: instr. pl. þeostrum ge-þoncum, 2333.
+
+þicgan, st. v. w. acc., _to seize, attain, eat, appropriate_: inf. þaet he
+(Grendel) ma moste manna cynnes þicgean ofer þa niht, 737; symbel þicgan
+(_take the meal, enjoy the feast_), 1011; pret. pl. þaet hie me þegon, 563;
+þaer we medu þegun, 2634.
+
+ge-þicgan, w. acc., _to grasp, take_: pret. sg. (symbel and sele-ful, ful)
+ge-þeah, 619, 629; Beowulf ge-þah ful on flette, 1025; pret. pl. (medo-ful
+manig) ge-þaegon, 1015.
+
+þider, þyder, adv., _thither_: þyder, 3087, 379, 2971.
+
+þihtig, þyhtig, adj., _doughty, vigorous, firm_: acc. sg. neut. sweord ...
+ecgum þyhtig, 1559.--Comp. hyge-þihtig.
+
+þincan. See þyncan.
+
+þing, st. n.: 1) _thing_: gen. pl. aenige þinga (_ullo modo_), 792, 2375,
+2906.--2) _affair, contest, controversy_: nom. sg. me weareth Grendles þing
+... undyrne cueth (_Grendel's doings became known to me_), 409.--3)
+_judgment, issue, judicial assembly_(?): acc. sg. sceal ... ana gehegan
+þing wieth þyrse (_shall bring the matter alone to an issue against the
+giant_: see hegan), 426.
+
+ge-þing, st. n.: 1) _terms, covenant_: acc. pl. ge-þingo, 1086.--2) _fate,
+providence, issue_: gen. sg. ge-þinges, 398, 710; (ge-þingea, MS.), 525.
+
+ge-þingan, st. v., _to grow, mature, thrive_ (Dietrich, Haupt IX., 430):
+pret. part. cwen mode ge-þungen (_mature-minded, high-spirited, queen_),
+625. See wel-þungen.
+
+ge-þingan (see ge-þing), w. v.: 1) _to conclude a treaty_: w. refl. dat,
+_enter into a treaty_: pres. sg. III. gif him þonne Hreethric to hofum Geata
+ge-þingeeth _(if H. enters into a treaty_ (seeks aid at?) _with the court of
+the Geatas_, referring to the old German custom of princes entering the
+service or suite of a foreign king), 1838. Leo.--2) _to prepare, appoint_:
+pret. part. wiste [aet] þaem ahlaecan ... hilde ge-þinged, 648; hraethe waes ...
+mece ge-þinged, 1939.
+
+þingian, w. v.: 1) _to speak in an assembly, make an address_: inf. ne
+hyrde ic snotor-licor on swa geongum feore guman þingian (_I never heard a
+man so young speak so wisely_), 1844.--2) _to compound, settle, lay aside_:
+inf. ne wolde feorh-bealo ... feo þingian (_would not compound the
+life-bale for money_), 156; so, pret. sg. þa faehethe feo þingode, 470.
+
+þihan. See þeon.
+
+þin, possess, pron., _thy, thine_, 267, 346, 353, 367, 459, etc.
+
+ge-þoht, st. m., _thought, plan_: acc. sg. an-fealdne ge-þoht, 256;
+faest-raedne ge-þoht, 611.
+
+þolian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to endure, bear_: inf. (inwid-sorge) þolian,
+833; pres. sg. III. þrea-nyd þolaeth, 284; pret. sg. þolode þryethswyeth,
+131.--2) _to hold out, stand, survive_: pres. sg. (intrans.) þenden þis
+sweord þolaeth (_as long as this sword holds out_), 2500; pret. sg. (seo ecg)
+þolode aer fela hand-gemota, 1526.
+
+ge-þolian: 1) _to suffer, bear, endure_: gerund. to ge-þolianne, 1420;
+pret. sg. earfoeth-lice þrage ge-þolode..., þaet he ... dream gehyrde (_bore
+ill that he heard the sound of joy_), 87; torn ge-þolode (_bore the
+misery_), 147.--2) _to have patience, wait_: inf. þaer he longe sceal on þaes
+waldendes waere ge-þolian, 3110.
+
+þon (Goth, þan) = _tum, then, now_, 504; aefter þon (_after that_), 725; aer
+þon daeg cwome (_ere day came_), 732; no þon lange (_it was not long till
+then_), 2424; naes þa long to þon (_it was not long till then_), 2592, 2846;
+waes him se man to þon leof þaet ... _(the man was to that degree dear to him
+that ..._), 1877.
+
+þonne: 1) adv., _there, then, now_, 377, 435, 525, 1105, 1456, 1485, 1672,
+1823, 3052, 3098(?).--2) conj., _if, when, while_: a) w. indic., 573, 881,
+935, 1034, 1041, 1043, 1144, 1286, 1327, 1328, 1375, etc.; þaet ic
+gum-cystum godne funde beaga bryttan, breac þonne moste (_that I found a
+good ring-giver and enjoyed him whilst I could_), 1488. b) w. subj., 23,
+1180, 3065; þonne ...þonne (_then ... when_), 484-85, 2447-48; gif þonne
+...þonne (_if then ... then_), 1105-1107. c) _than_ after comparatives, 44,
+248, 469, 505, 534, 679, 1140, 1183, etc.; a comparative must be supplied,
+l. 70, before þone: þaet he ... hatan wolde medo-aern micel men ge-wyrcean
+þone yldo bearn aefre ge-frunon (_a great mead-house_ (greater) _than men
+had ever known_).
+
+þracu, st. f., _strength, boldness_: in comp. mod-þracu; = impetus in
+ecg-þracu.
+
+þrag, st. f., _period of time, time_: nom. sg. þa hine sio þrag be-cwom
+(_when the_ [battle]-_hour befell him_), 2884; acc. sg. þrage (_for a
+time_), 87; longe (lange) þrage, 54, 114.--Comp. earfoeth-þrag.
+
+ge-þraec, st. n., _multitude, crowd_: in comp. searo-ge-þraec.
+
+þrec-wudu, st. m., (_might-wood_), _spear_ (cf. maegen-wudu): acc. sg.,
+1247.
+
+þrea, st. m. f., _misery, distress_: in comp. þeod-þrea, þrea-nedla, -nyd.
+
+þrea-nedla, w. m., _crushing distress, misery_: dat. sg. for þrea-nedlan,
+2225.
+
+þrea-nyd, st. f., _oppression, distress_: acc. sg. þrea-nyd, 284; dat. pl.
+þrea-nydum, 833.
+
+þreat, st. m., _troop, band_: dat. sg. on þam þreate, 2407; dat. pl.
+sceaethena þreatum, 4.--Comp. iren-þreat.
+
+þreatian, w. v. w. acc., _to press, oppress_: pret. pl. mec ...þreatedon,
+560.
+
+þreot-teoetha, num. adj. w. m., _thirteenth_: nom. sg. þreot-teoetha secg,
+2407.
+
+þreo, num. (neut.), _three_: acc. þrio wicg, 2175; þreo hund wintra, 2279.
+
+þridda, num. adj. w. m., _third_: instr. þriddan siethe, 2689.
+
+ge-þring, st. n., _eddy, whirlpool, crush_: acc. on holma ge-þring, 2133.
+
+þringan, st. v., _to press_: pret. sg. wergendra to lyt þrong ymbe þeoden
+(_too few defenders pressed round the prince_), 2884; pret. pl. syethethan
+Hreethlingas to hagan þrungon (_after the Hrethlingas had pressed into the
+hedge_), 2961.
+
+for-þringan, _to press out; rescue, protect_: inf. þaet he ne mehte ...þa
+wea-lafe wige for-þringan þeodnes þegne (_that he could not rescue the
+wretched remnant from the king's thane by war_), 1085.
+
+ge-þringan, _to press_: pret. sg. ceol up geþrang (_the ship shot up_),
+i.e. on the shore in landing), 1913.
+
+þritig, num., _thirty_ (neut. subst.): acc. sg. w. partitive gen.: þritig
+þegna, 123; gen. þrittiges (XXXtiges MS.) manna, 379.
+
+þrist-hydig, adj., _bold-minded, valorous_: nom. sg. þioden þrist-hydig
+(Beowulf), 2811.
+
+þrowian, w. v. w. acc., _to suffer, endure_: inf. (hat, gnorn) þrowian,
+2606, 2659; pret. sg. þrowade, 1590, 1722; þrowode, 2595.
+
+þryeth, st. f., _abundance, multitude_, _excellence, power_: instr. pl.
+þryethum (_excellently, extremely; excellent in strength?_), 494.
+
+þryeth-aern, st. n., _excellent house, royal hall_: acc. sg. (of Heorot), 658.
+
+þryethlic, adj., _excellent, chosen_: nom. sg. þryeth-lic þegna heap, 400,
+1628; superl. acc. pl. þryeth-licost, 2870.
+
+þryeth-swyeth, st. n.?, _great pain_ (?): acc., 131, 737 [? adj., _very
+powerful, exceeding strong_].
+
+þryeth-word, st. n., _bold speech, choice discourse_: nom. sg., 644. (Great
+store was set by good table-talk: cf. Lachmann's Nibelunge, 1612; Rigsmal,
+29, 7, in Moebius, p. 79b, 22.)
+
+þrym, st. m.: 1) _power, might, force_: nom. sg. yetha þrym, 1919; instr. pl.
+= adv. þrymmum (_powerfully_), 235.--2) _glory, renown_: acc. sg. þrym,
+2.--Comp. hyge-þrym.
+
+þrym-lic, adj., _powerful, mighty_: nom. sg. þrec-wudu þrym-lic (_the
+mighty spear_), 1247.
+
+þu, pron., _thou_, 366, 407, 445, etc.; acc. sg. þec (poetic), 948, 2152,
+etc.; þe, 417, 426, 517, etc.; after compar. selran þe (_a better one than
+thee_), 1851. See ge.
+
+þunca, w. m. See aef-þunca.
+
+ge-þungen. See ge-þingan, st. v.
+
+þurfan, pret.-pres. v., _to need_: pres. sg. II. no þu ne þearft ...
+sorgian (_needest not care_), 450; so, 445, 1675; III. ne þearf ...
+onsittan (_need not fear_), 596; so, 2007, 2742; pres. subj. þaet he ...
+secean þurfe, 2496; pret. sg. þorfte, 157, 1027, 1072, 2875, 2996; pl.
+nealles Hetware hremge þorfton (i.e. wesan) feethe-wiges (_needed not boast
+of their foot-fight_), 2365.
+
+ge-þuren. See þweran.
+
+þurh, prep. w. acc. signifying motion through, hence: I. local, _through,
+throughout_: wod þa þurh þone wael-rec (_went then through the
+battle-reek_), 2662.--II. causal: l) _on account of, for the sake of, owing
+to_: þurh sliethne nieth (_through fierce hostility, heathenism_), 184; þurh
+holdne hige (_from friendliness_), 267; so, þurh rumne sefan, 278; þurh
+sidne sefan, 1727; eoweeth þurh egsan uncuethne nieth (_shows unheard-of
+hostility by the terror he causes_), 276; so, 1102, 1336, 2046. 2) _by
+means of, through_: heaetho-raes for-nam mihtig mere-deor þurh mine hand, 558;
+þurh anes craeft, 700; so, 941, 1694, 1696, 1980, 2406, 3069.
+
+þus, adv., _so, thus_, 238, 337, 430.
+
+þunian, w. v., _to din, sound forth_: pret. sg. sund-wudu þunede, 1907.
+
+þusend, num., _thousand_: 1) fem. acc. ic þe þusenda þegna bringe to helpe,
+1830.--2) neut. with measure of value (sceat) omitted: acc. seofan þusendo,
+2196; gen. hund-þusenda landes and locenra beaga (100,000 _sceattas' worth
+of land and rings_), 2995.--3) uninflected: acc. þusend wintra, 3051.
+
+þwaere, adj., _affable, mild_: in comp. man-þwaere.
+
+ge-þwaere, adj., _gentle, mild_: nom. pl. ge-þwaere, 1231.
+
+ge-þweran, st. v., _to forge, strike_: pret. part. heoru ... hamere
+ge-þuren (for ge-þworen) (_hammer-forged sword_), 1286.
+
+þyhtig. See þihtig.
+
+ge-þyld (see þolian), st. f.: 1) _patience, endurance_: acc. sg. ge-þyld,
+1396.--2) _steadfastness_: instr. pl. = adv.: ge-þyldum (_steadfastly,
+patiently_), 1706.
+
+þyle, st. m., _spokesman, leader of the conversation at court_: nom. sg.,
+1166, 1457.
+
+þyncan, þincean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to seem, appear_: pres. sg. III.
+þinceeth him to lytel (_it seems to him too little_), 1749; ne þynceeth me
+gerysne, þaet we _(it seemeth to me not fit that we_ ...), 2654; pres. pl.
+hy ... wyrethe þinceaeth eorla ge-aehtlan (_they seem worthy contenders with_
+(?) _earls_; or, _worthy warriors_), 368; pres. subj. swa him ge-met þince,
+688; inf. þincean, 1342; pret. sg. þuhte, 2462, 3058; no his lif-gedal
+sar-lic þuhte secga aenigum (_his death seemed painful to none of men_),
+843; pret. pl. þaer him fold-wegas faegere þuhton, 867.
+
+of-þincan, _to displease, offend_: inf. maeg þaes þonne of-þyncan þeoden
+(dat.) Heaetho-beardna and þegna gehwam þara leoda, 2033.
+
+þyrs, st. m., _giant_: dat. sg. wieth þyrse (Grendel), 426.
+
+þys-lic, adj., _such, of such a nature_: nom. sg. fem. þys-licu þearf,
+2638.
+
+þy. See þaet.
+
+þywan (M.H.G. diuhen, O.H.G. duhan), w. v., _to crush, oppress_: inf. gif
+þec ymb-sittend egesan þywaeth (_if thy neighbors oppress thee with dread_),
+1828.
+
+þystru, st. f., _darkness_: dat. pl. in þystrum, 87.
+
+ge-þywe, adj., _customary, usual_: nom. sg. swa him ge-þywe ne waes (_as was
+not his custom_), 2333.
+
+
+U
+
+ufan, _adv., from above_, 1501; _above_, 330.
+
+ufera (prop. _higher_), adj., _later_: dat. pl. ufaran dogrum, 2201, 2393.
+
+ufor, adv., _higher_, 2952.
+
+uhte, w. f., _twilight_ or _dawn_: dat. or acc. on uhtan, 126.
+
+uht-floga, w. m., _twilight-flier, dawn-flier_ (epithet of the dragon):
+gen. sg. uht-flogan, 2761.
+
+uht-hlem, st. m., _twilight-cry, dawn-cry_: acc. sg., 2008.
+
+uht-sceaetha, w. m., _twilight-_ or _dawn-foe_: nom. sg., 2272.
+
+umbor, st. n., _child, infant_: acc. sg., 46; dat. sg., 1188.
+
+un-bliethe, adv.(?), _unblithely, sorrowfully_, 130, 2269; (adj., nom. pl.?),
+3032.
+
+un-byrnende, pres. part., _unburning, without burning_, 2549.
+
+unc, dat. and acc. of the dual wit, _us two, to us two_, 1784, 2138, 2527;
+gen. hwaeether ... uncer twega (_which of us two_), 2533; uncer Grendles (_of
+us two, G. and me_), 2003.
+
+uncer, poss. pron., _of us two_: nom. sg. [uncer], 2002(?); dat. pl. uncran
+eaferan, 1186.
+
+un-cueth, adj.: 1) _unknown_: nom. sg. stig ... eldum uncueth, 2215; acc. sg.
+neut. uncueth ge-lad (_unknown ways_), 1411.--2) _unheard-of, barbarous,
+evil_: acc. sg. un-cuethne nieth, 276; gen. sg. un-cuethes (_of the foe_,
+Grendel), 961.
+
+under, I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat., answering question where? =
+_under_ (of rest), contrasted with _over_: bat (waes) under beorge, 211; þa
+cwom Wealhþeo foreth gan under gyldnum beage (_W. walked forth under a golden
+circlet_, i.e. decked with), 1164; siethethan he under segne sine ealgode
+(_under his banner_), 1205; he under rande ge-cranc (_sank under his
+shield_), 1210; under wolcnum, 8, 1632; under heofenum, 52, 505; under
+roderum, 310; under helme, 342, 404; under here-griman, 396, 2050, 2606;
+so, 711, 1198, 1303, 1929, 2204, 2416, 3061, 3104.--2) w. acc.: a)
+answering question whither? = _under_ (of motion): þa secg wisode under
+Heorotes hrof, 403; siethethan aefen-leoht under heofenes hador be-holen
+weoretheeth, 414; under sceadu bregdan, 708; fleon under fen-hleoethu, 821; hond
+alegde ... under geapne hrof, 837; teon in under eoderas, 1038; so, 1361,
+1746, 2129, 2541, 2554, 2676, 2745; so, haefde þa for-siethod sunu Ecg-þeowes
+under gynne grund, 1552 (for-siethian requires acc.). b) after verbs of
+venturing and fighting, with acc. of object had in view: he under harne
+stan ...ana ge-neethde frecne daede, 888; ne dorste under yetha ge-win aldre
+ge-neethan, 1470. c) indicating extent, with acc. after expressions of limit,
+etc.: under swegles begong (_as far as the sky extends_), 861, 1774; under
+heofenes hwealf (_as far as heaven's vault reaches_), 2016.
+
+II. Adv., _beneath, below_: stig under laeg (_a path lay beneath_, i.e. the
+rock), 2214.
+
+undern-mael, st. n., _midday_: acc. sg., 1429.
+
+un-dyrne, un-derne, adj., _without concealment, plain, clear_: nom. sg.,
+127, 2001; un-derne, 2912.
+
+un-dyrne, adv., _plainly, evidently_; un-dyrne cueth, 150, 410.
+
+un-faeger, adj., _unlovely, hideous_: nom. sg. leoht un-faeger, 728.
+
+un-faecne, adj., _without malice, sincere_: nom. sg., 2069.
+
+un-faege, adj., _not death-doomed_ or "_fey_": nom. sg., 2292; acc. sg.
+un-faegne eorl, 573.
+
+un-flitme, adv., _solemnly, incontestably_: Finn Hengeste elne unflitme
+aethum benemde (_F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths_) [if an adj., elne un-f.
+= _unconquerable in valor_], 1098.
+
+un-forht, adj., _fearless, bold_: nom. sg., 287; acc. pl. unforhte (adv.?),
+444. See Note.
+
+un-from, adj., _unfit, unwarlike_: nom. sg., 2189.
+
+un-frod, adj., _not aged, young_: dat sg. guman un-frodum, 2822.
+
+un-gedefelice, adv., _unjustly, contrary to right and custom_, 2436.
+
+un-gemete, adv., _immeasurably, exceedingly_, 2421, 2722, 2729.
+
+un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg., the same, 1793.
+
+un-geara, adv., (_not old_), _recently, lately_, 933; _soon_, 603.
+
+un-gifeethe, adj., _not to be granted; refused_: nom. sg., 2922.
+
+un-gleaw, adj., _regardless, reckless_: acc. sg. sweord ... ecgum ungleaw
+(of a sharp-edged sword), 2565.
+
+un-har, adj., _very gray_: nom. sg., 357; (_bald_?).
+
+un-haelo, st. f., _mischief, destruction_: gen. sg. wiht un-haelo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120.
+
+un-heore, un-hyre, adj., _monstrous, horrible_: nom. sg. m., weard un-hiore
+(the dragon), 2414; neut. wif un-hyre (Grendel's mother), 2121; nom. pl.
+neut. hand-sporu ... unheoru (of Grendel's claws), 988.
+
+un-hlytme, un-hlitme, adv. (cf. A.S. hlytm = _lot_; O.N. hluti = _part
+division_), _undivided, unseparated_, _united_, 1130 [unless = un-flitme,
+1098]. See Note.
+
+un-leof, adj., _hated_: acc. pl. seah on un-leofe, 2864.
+
+un-lifigende, pres. part., _unliving, lifeless_: nom. sg. un-lifigende,
+468; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, 1309; dat. sg. un-lifgendum, 1390; gen. sg.
+un-lyfigendes, 745.
+
+un-lytel, adj., _not little, very large_: nom. sg. dugueth un-lytel (_a great
+band of warriors_? or _great joy_?), 498; dom un-lytel (_no little glory_),
+886; acc. sg. torn un-lytel (_very great shame, misery_), 834.
+
+un-murnlice, adv., _unpityingly, without sorrowing_, 449, 1757.
+
+unnan, pret.-pres. v., _to grant, give; wish, will_: pret.-pres. sg. I. ic
+þe an tela sinc-gestreona, 1226; weak pret. sg. I. uethe ic swiethor þaet þu
+hine selfne ge-seon moste, 961; III. he ne uethe þaet ...(_he granted not that
+..._), 503; him god uethe þaet ... he hyne sylfne ge-wraec (_God granted to him
+that he avenged himself_), 2875; þeah he uethe wel (_though he well would_),
+2856.
+
+ge-unnan, _to grant, permit_: inf. gif he us ge-unnan wile þaet we hine ...
+gretan moton, 346; me ge-uethe ylda waldend, þaet ic ... ge-seah hangian (_the
+Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging ..._), 1662.
+
+un-nyt, adj., _useless_: nom. sg., 413, 3170.
+
+un-riht, st. n., _unright, injustice, wrong_: acc. sg. unriht, 1255, 2740;
+instr. sg. un-rihte (_unjustly, wrongly_), 3060.
+
+un-rim, st. n., _immense number_: nom. sg., 1239, 3136; acc. sg., 2625.
+
+un-rime, adj., _countless, measureless_: nom. sg. gold un-rime, 3013.
+
+un-rot, adj., _sorrowing_: nom. pl. un-rote, 3149.
+
+un-snyttru, st. f., _lack of wisdom_: dat. pl. for his un-snyttrum (_for
+his unwisdom_), 1735.
+
+un-softe, adv., _unsoftly, with violence_ (_hardly_?), 2141; _scarcely_,
+1656.
+
+un-swyethe, adv., _not strongly_ or _powerfully_: compar. (ecg) bat unswiethor
+þonne his þiod-cyning þearfe haefde (_the sword bit less sharply than the
+prince of the people needed_), 2579; fyr unswiethor weoll, 2882.
+
+un-synnig, adj., _guiltless, sinless_: acc. sg. un-synnigne, 2090.
+
+un-synnum, adv. instr. pl., _guiltlessly_, 1073.
+
+un-taele, adj., _blameless_: acc. pl. un-taele, 1866.
+
+un-tyder, st. m., _evil race, monster_: nom. pl. un-tydras, 111. [Cf. Ger.
+un-mensch.]
+
+un-waclic, adj., _that cannot be shaken; firm, strong_: acc. sg. ad ...
+un-waclicne, 3139.
+
+un-wearnum, adv. instr. pl., _unawares, suddenly_; (_unresistingly_?), 742.
+
+un-wrecen, pret. part., _unavenged_, 2444.
+
+up, adv., _up, upward_, 224, 519, 1374, 1620, 1913, 1921, 2894; (of the
+voice), þa waes ... wop up ahafen, 128; so, 783.
+
+up-lang, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 760.
+
+uppe (adj., ufe, uffe), adv., _above_, 566.
+
+up-riht, adj., _upright, erect_: nom. sg., 2093.
+
+uton. See wuton.
+
+
+U
+
+ueth-genge, adj., _transitory, evanescent, ready to depart_, (_fled_?): þaer
+waes Aesc-here ... feorh ueth-genge, 2124.
+
+us, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of we (see we), _us, to us_, 1822, 2636,
+2643, 2921, 3002, 3079; acc. (poetic), usic, 2639, 2641, 2642;--gen. ure:
+ure aeg-hwylc (_each of us_), 1387; user, 2075.
+
+user, possess, pron.: nom. sg. ure man-drihten, 2648; dat. sg. ussum
+hlaforde, 2635; gen. sg. neut. usses cynnes, 2814; dat. pl. urum ... bam
+(_to us both, two_) (for unc bam), 2660.
+
+ut, adv., _out_, 215, 537, 664, 1293, 1584, 2082, 2558, 3131.
+
+utan, adv., _from without, without_, 775, 1032, 1504, 2335.
+
+ut-fus, adj., _ready to go_: nom. sg. hringed-stefna isig and ut-fus, 33.
+
+ut-weard, adj., _outward, outside, free_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel) waes
+ut-weard, 762.
+
+utan-weard, adj., _without, outward, from without_: acc. sg. hlaew ... ealne
+utan-weardne, 2298.
+
+
+W
+
+*wacan, st. v., _to awake, arise, originate_: pret. sg. þanon (from Cain)
+woc fela geo-sceaft-gasta, 1266; so, 1961; pl. þam feower bearn ... in
+worold wocun, 60.
+
+*on-wacan: 1) _to awake_ (intrans.): pret. sg. þa se wyrm on-woc (_when the
+drake awoke_), 2288.--2) _to be born_: pret. sg. him on-woc heah Healfdene,
+56; pl. on-wocon, 111.
+
+wacian, w. v., _to watch_: imper. sg. waca wieth wraethum! 661.
+
+wadan, st. v., (cf. wade, waddle) _to traverse; stride, go_: pret. sg. wod
+þurh þone wael-rec, 2662; wod under wolcnum (_stalked beneath the clouds_),
+715.
+
+ge-wadan, _to attain by moving, come to, reach_: pret. part. oeth þaet ...
+wunden-stefna ge-waden haefde, þaet þa liethende land ge-sawon (_till the ship
+had gone so far that the sailors saw land_), 220.
+
+on-wadan, w. acc., _to invade, befall_: pret. sg. hine fyren on-wod(?),
+916.
+
+þurh-wadan, _to penetrate, pierce_: pret. sg. þaet swurd þurh-wod wraet-licne
+wyrm, 891; so, 1568.
+
+wag, st. m., _wall_: dat. sg. on wage, 1663; dat. pl. aefter wagum (_along
+the walls_), 996.
+
+wala, w. m., _boss_: nom. pl. walan, 1032 (cf. Bouterwek in Haupt XI., 85
+seqq.).
+
+walda, w. m., _wielder, ruler_: in comp. an-, eal-walda.
+
+wald-swaethu, st. f., _forest-path_: dat. pl. aefter wald-swaethum (_along the
+wood-paths_), 1404.
+
+wam, wom, st. m., _spot, blot, sin_: acc. sg. him be-beorgan ne con wom
+(_cannot protect himself from evil_ or _from the evil strange orders_,
+etc.; wom = wogum? = _crooked_?), 1748; instr. pl. wommum, 3074.
+
+wan, won, adj., _wan, lurid, dark_: nom. sg, yeth-geblond ... won (_the dark
+waves_), 1375; se wonna hrefn (_the black raven_), 3025; wonna leg (_lurid
+flame_), 3116; dat. sg. f. on wanre niht, 703; nom. pl. neut. scadu-helma
+ge-sceapu ... wan, 652.
+
+wang, st. m., _mead, field; place_: acc. sg. wang, 93, 225; wong, 1414,
+2410, 3074; dat. sg. wange, 2004; wonge, 2243, 3040; acc. pl. wongas,
+2463.--Comp.: freoetho-, grund-, medo-, sae-wang.
+
+wang-stede, st. m., (locus campestris), _spot, place_: dat. sg. wong-stede,
+2787.
+
+wan-hyd (for hygd), st. f., _heedlessness, recklessness_: dat. pl. for his
+won-hydum, 434.
+
+wanian, w. v.: 1) intrans., _to decrease, wane_: inf. þa þaet sweord ongan
+... wanian, 1608.--2) w. acc., _to cause to wane_ or _lessen_: pret. sg. he
+to lange leode mine wanode, 1338.
+
+ge-wanian, _to decrease, diminish_: pret. part. is min flet-werod ...
+ge-wanod, 477.
+
+wan-saelig, adj., _unhappy, wretched_: nom. sg. won-saelig wer (Grendel),
+105.
+
+wan-sceaft, st. f., _misery, want_: acc. sg. won-sceaft, 120.
+
+warian, w. v. w. acc., _to occupy, guard, possess_: pres. sg. III. þaer he
+haeethen gold waraeth (_where he guards heathen gold_), 2278; pl. III. hie
+(Grendel and his mother) dygel land warigeaeth, 1359; pret. sg. (Grendel)
+goldsele warode, 1254; (Cain) westen warode, 1266.
+
+waroeth, st. m., _shore_: dat. sg. to waroethe, 234; acc. pl. wide waroethas,
+1966.
+
+waru, st. f., _inhabitants_, (collective) _population_: in comp. land-waru.
+
+wa, interj., _woe!_ wa bieth þaem þe... (_woe to him that..._), 183.
+
+waethu, st. f., _way, journey_: in comp. gamen-waethu.
+
+wanian, w. v., _to weep, whine, howl_, w. acc.: inf. gehyrdon ... sar
+wanigean helle haeftan (_they heard the hell-fastened one lamenting his
+pain_), 788; pret. sg. [wanode], 3152(?).
+
+wat. See witan.
+
+waecean, w. v., _to watch_: pret. part waeccende, 709, 2842; acc. sg. m.
+waeccendne wer, 1269. See wacian.
+
+waecnan, w. v., _to be awake, come forth_: inf., 85.
+
+waed, st. n., (the moving) _sea, ocean_: nom. wado weallende, 546; wadu
+weallendu, 581; gen. pl. wada 508.
+
+waefre, adj., _wavering_ (like flame), _ghostlike, without distinct bodily
+form_: nom. sg. wael-gaest waefre (of Grendel's mother), 1332;--_flickering,
+expiring_: nom. sg. waefre mod, 1151; him waes geomor sefa, waefre and
+wael-fus, 2421.
+
+be-waegnan, w. v., _to offer_: pret part, him waes ... freond-laethu wordum
+be-waegned, 1194.
+
+wael, st. n., _battle, slaughter, the slain in battle_: acc. sg. wael, 1213,
+3028, blodig wael, 448; oethethe on wael crunge (_or in battle, among the slain,
+fall_), 636; dat. sg. sume on waele crungon (_some fell in the slaughter_),
+1114; dat. sg. in Fr...es waele (proper name in MS. destroyed), 1071; nom.
+pl. walu, 1043.
+
+wael-bed, st. n., _slaughter-bed, deathbed_: dat. sg. on wael-bedde, 965.
+
+wael-bend, st. f., _death-bond_: acc. sg. or pl. wael-bende ...
+hand-gewriethene, 1937.
+
+wael-bleat, adj., _deadly, mortal, cruel_: acc. sg. wunde wael-bleate, 2726.
+
+wael-deaeth, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 696.
+
+wael-dreor, st. m., _battle-gore_: instr. sg. wael-dreore, 1632.
+
+wael-fah, adj., _slaughter-stained, blood-stained_: acc. sg. wael-fagne
+winter, 1129.
+
+wael-faeheth, st. f., _deadly feud_: gen. pl. wael-faehetha, 2029.
+
+wael-feall, st. m., _(fall of the slain), death, destruction_: dat. sg. to
+wael-fealle, 1712.
+
+wael-fus, adj., _ready for death, foreboding death_: nom. sg., 2421.
+
+wael-fyllo, st. f., _fill of slaughter_: dat. sg. mid þaere wael-fulle (i.e.
+the thirty men nightly slaughtered at Heorot by Grendel), 125; wael-fylla?
+3155.
+
+wael-fyr, st. n.: 1) _deadly fire_: instr. sg. wael-fyre (of the fire-spewing
+dragon), 2583.--2) _corpse-consuming fire, funeral pyre_: gen. pl. wael-fyra
+maest, 1120.
+
+wael-gaest, st. m., _deadly sprite_ (of Grendel and his mother): nom. sg.
+wael-gaest, 1332; acc. sg. þone wael-gaest, 1996.
+
+wael-hlem, st. m., _death-stroke_: acc. sg. wael-hlem þone, 1996.
+
+waelm, st. m., _flood, whelming water_: nom. sg. þaere burnan waelm, 2547;
+gen. sg. þaes waelmes (_of the surf_), 2136.--Comp. cear-waelm.
+
+wael-nieth, st. m., _deadly hostility_: nom. sg., 3001; dat. sg. aefter
+wael-niethe, 85; nom. pl. wael-niethas, 2066.
+
+wael-rap, st. m., _flood-fetter, i.e. ice_: acc. pl. wael-rapas, 1611; (cf.
+waell, wel, wyll = _well, flood_: leax sceal on waele mid sceote scriethan,
+Gnom. Cott. 39).
+
+wael-raes, st. m., _deadly onslaught_: nom. sg., 2948; dat. sg. wael-raese,
+825, 2532.
+
+wael-rest, st. f., _death-bed_, acc. sg. wael-reste, 2903.
+
+wael-rec, st. m., _deadly reek_ or _smoke_: acc. sg. wod þa þurh þone
+wael-rec, 2662.
+
+wael-reaf, st, n., _booty of the slain, battle-plunder_: acc. sg., 1206.
+
+wael-reow, adj., _bold in battle_: nom. sg., 630.
+
+wael-sceaft, st. m., _deadly shaft, spear_: acc. pl. wael-sceaftas, 398.
+
+wael-seax, st. n., _deadly knife, war-knife_: instr. sg. waell-seaxe, 2704.
+
+wael-stenge, st. m., _battle-spear_: dat. sg. on þam wael-stenge, 1639.
+
+wael-stow, st. f., _battle-field_: dat. sg. wael-stowe, 2052, 2985.
+
+waestm, st. m., _growth, form, figure_: dat. sg. on weres waestmum (_in man's
+form_), 1353.
+
+waeter, st. n., _water_: nom. sg., 93, 1417, 1515, 1632; acc. sg. waeter,
+1365, 1620; deop waeter (_the deep_), 509, 1905; ofer wid waeter (_over the
+high sea]_, 2474; dat. sg. aefter waetere _(along the Grendel-sea_), 1426;
+under waetere (_at the bottom of the sea_), 1657; instr. waetere, 2723;
+waetre, 2855; gen. sg. ofer waeteres hrycg (_over the surface of the sea_),
+471; on waeteres aeht, 516; þurh waeteres wylm (_through the sea-wave_), 1694;
+gen. = instr. waeteres weorpan (_to sprinkle with water_), 2792.
+
+waeter-egesa, st. m., _water-terror_, i.e. _the fearful sea_: acc. sg., 1261
+
+waeter-yeth, st. f., _water-wave, billow_: dat. pl. waeter-yethum, 2243.
+
+waed, st. f., _(weeds), garment_: in comp. here-, hilde-waed.
+
+ge-waede, st. n., _clothing_, especially _battle-equipments_: acc. pl.
+gewaedu, 292.--Comp. eorl-gewaede.
+
+waeg, st. m., _wave_: acc. sg. waeg, 3133.
+
+waeg-bora, w. m., _wave-bearer, swimmer_ (bearing or propelling the waves
+before him): nom. sg. wundorlic waeg-bora (of a sea-monster), 1441.
+
+waeg-flota, w. m., _sea-sailer, ship_: acc. sg. weg-flotan, 1908.
+
+waeg-holm, st. m., _the wave-filled sea_: acc. sg. ofer waeg-holm, 217.
+
+waege, st. n., _cup, can_: acc. sg. faeted waege, 2254, 2283.--Comp.: ealo-,
+lieth-waege.
+
+waeg-liethend, pres. part., _sea-farer_: dat. pl. waeg-liethendum (et liethendum,
+MS.), 3160.
+
+waeg-sweord, st. n., _heavy sword_: acc. sg., 1490.
+
+waen, st. m., _wain, wagon_: acc. sg. on waen, 3135.
+
+waepen, st. n., _weapon; sword_: nom. sg., 1661; acc. sg. waepen, 686, 1574,
+2520, 2688; instr. waepne, 1665, 2966; gen. waepnes, 1468; acc. pl. waepen,
+292; dat. pl. waepnum, 250, 331, 2039, 2396. --Comp.: hilde-, sige-waepen.
+
+waepned-man, st. m., _warrior, man_: dat. sg. waepned-men, 1285.
+
+waer, st. f., _covenant, treaty_: acc. sg. waere, 1101;--_protection, care_:
+dat. sg. on frean (on þaes waldendes) waere (_into God's protection_), 27,
+3110.--Comp.: frioetho-waer.
+
+waesma, w. m., _fierce strength, war-strength_: in comp. here-waesma, 678.
+
+we, pers. pron., _we_, 942, 959, 1327, 1653, 1819, 1820, etc.
+
+web, st. n., _woven work, tapestry_:, nom. pl. web, 996.
+
+webbe, w. f., _webster, female weaver_: in comp. freoethu-webbe.
+
+weccan, weccean, w. v. w. acc., _to wake, rouse; recall_: inf. wig-bealu
+weccan (_to stir up strife_), 2047; nalles hearpan sweg (sceal) wigend
+weccean (_the sound of the harp shall not wake up the warriors_), 3025;
+ongunnon þa ... bael-fyra maest wigend weccan (_the warriors then began to
+start the mightiest of funeral pyres_), 3145; pret. sg. wehte hine waetre
+(_roused him with water_, i.e. Wiglaf recalled Beowulf to consciousness),
+2855.
+
+to-weccan, _to stir up, rouse_: pret, pl. hu þa folc mid him (_with one
+another_), faehethe to-wehton, 2949.
+
+wed, st. n., (cf. wed-ding), _pledge_: dat. sg. hyldo to wedde (_as a
+pledge of his favor_), 2999.
+
+weder, st. n., _weather_: acc. pl. wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137; gen. pl.
+wedera cealdost, 546.
+
+ge-wef, st. n., _woof, weaving_: acc. pl. wig-speda ge-wiofu (_the woof of
+war-speed_: the battle-woof woven for weal or woe by the Walkyries; cf.
+Njals-saga, 158), 698.
+
+weg, st. m., _way_: acc. sg. on weg (_away, off_), 264, 764, 845, 1431,
+2097; gyf þu on weg cymest (_if thou comest off safe_, i.e. from the battle
+with Grendel's mother), 1383.--Comp.: feor-, fold-, foreth-, wid-weg.
+
+wegan, st. v. w. acc., _to bear, wear, bring, possess_: subj. pres. nah hwa
+sweord wege (_I have none that may bear the sword_), 2253; inf. nalles
+(sceal) eorl wegan maethethum to ge-myndum (_no earl shall wear a memorial
+jewel_), 3016; pret. ind. he þa fraetwe waeg ... ofer yetha ful (_bore the
+jewels over the goblet of the waves_), 1208; wael-seaxe ... þaet he on byrnan
+waeg, 2705; heortan sorge waeg (_bore heart's sorrow_); so, 152, 1778, 1932,
+2781.
+
+aet-wegan = _auferre, to carry off_: syethethan Hama aet-waeg to þaere byrhtan
+byrig Brosinga mene (_since H. bore from the bright city the
+Brosing-collar_), 1199.
+
+ge-wegan (O.N. wega), _to fight_: inf. þe he wieth þam wyrme ge-wegan
+sceolde, 2401.
+
+wel, adv.: 1) _well_: wel bieth þaem þe ... (_well for him that ...!_), 186;
+se þe wel þenceeth (_he that well thinketh, judgeth_), 289; so, 640, 1046,
+1822, 1834, 1952, 2602; well, 2163, 2813.--2) _very, very much_: Geat
+ungemetes wel ... restan lyste (_the Geat longed sorely to rest_),
+1793.--3) _indeed, to be sure_, 2571, 2856.
+
+wela, w. m., _wealth, goods, possessions_: in comp. aer-, burg-, hord-,
+maethethum-wela.
+
+wel-hwylc, indef. pron., = quivis, _any you please, any_ (each, all): gen.
+pl. wel-hwylcra wilna, 1345; w. partitive gen.: nom. sg. witena wel-hwylc,
+266;--substantively: acc. neut. wel-hwylc, 875.
+
+welig, adj., _wealthy, rich_: acc. sg. wic-stede weligne Waegmundinga, 2608.
+
+wel-þungen, pres. part., _well-thriven_ (in mind), _mature, high-minded_:
+nom. sg. Hygd (waes) swiethe geong, wis, wel-þungen, 1928.
+
+wenian, w. v., _to accustom, attract, honor_: subj. pret. þaet ...
+Folcwaldan sunu ... Hengestes heap hringum wenede (_sh. honor_), 1092.
+
+be-(bi-)wenian, _entertain, care for, attend_: pret. sg. maeg þaes þonne
+of-þyncan þeoden Heaetho-beardna ... þonne he mid faemnan on flet gaeeth,
+dryht-bearn Dena duguetha bi-wenede (_may well displease the prince of the
+H.... when he with the woman goes into the hall, that a noble scion of the
+Danes should entertain, bear wine to, the knights_, cf. 494 seqq.; or, _a
+noble scion of the Danes should attend on her?_), 2036; pret. part. nom.
+pl. waeron her tela willum be-wenede, 1822.
+
+wendan, w. v., _to turn_: pres. sg. III. him eal worold wendeeth on willan
+(_all the world turns at his will_), 1740.
+
+ge-wendan, w. acc.: l) _to turn, turn round_: pret. sg. wicg gewende
+(_turned his horse_), 315.--2) _to turn_ (intrans.), _change_: inf. wa bieth
+þaem þe sceal ... frofre ne wenan, wihte ge-wendan (_woe to him that shall
+have no hope, shall not change at all_), 186.
+
+on-wendan, _to avert, set aside_: 1) w. acc.: inf. ne mihte snotor haeleeth
+wean on-wendan, 191.--2) intrans.: sibb aefre ne maeg wiht on-wendan þam þe
+wel þenceeth (_in, to, him that is well thinking friendship can not be set
+aside_), 2602.
+
+wer, st. m., _man, hero_: nom. sg. (Grendel), 105; acc. sg. wer (Beowulf),
+1269, 3174; gen. sg. on weres waestmum (_in man's form_), 1353; nom. pl.
+weras, 216, 1223, 1234, 1441, 1651; dat. pl. werum, 1257; gen. pl. wera,
+120, 994, 1732, 3001; (MS. weora), 2948.
+
+wered, st. n., (as adj. = _sweet_), _a sort of beer_ (probably without hops
+or such ingredients): acc. sg. scir wered, 496.
+
+were-feohte, f., _defensive fight, fight in self-defence_: dat. pl. for
+were-fyhtum (fere fyhtum, MS.), 457.
+
+werhetho, st. f., _curse, outlawry, condemnation_: acc. sg. þu in helle
+scealt werhetho dreogan, 590.
+
+werian, _to defend, protect_: w. vb., pres. sg. III. beaduscruda ... þaet
+mine breost wereeth, 453; inf. wit unc wieth hron-fixas werian þohton, 541;
+pres. part. w. gen. pl. wergendra to lyt (_too few defenders_), 2883; pret.
+ind. wael-reaf werede (_guarded the battle-spoil_), 1206; se hwita helm
+hafelan werede (_the shining helm protected his head_), 1449; pl. hafelan
+weredon, 1328; pret. part. nom. pl. ge ... byrnum werede (_ye_ ...
+_corselet-clad_), 238, 2530.
+
+be-werian, _to protect, defend_: pret. pl. þaet hie ... leoda land-geweorc
+laethum be-weredon scuccum and scinnum (_that they the people's land-work
+from foes, from monsters and demons, might defend_), 939
+
+werig, adj., _accursed, outlawed_: gen. sg. wergan gastes (Grendel), 133;
+(of the devil), 1748.
+
+werod, weorod, st. n., _band of men, warrior-troop_: nom. sg. werod, 652;
+weorod, 290, 2015, 3031; acc. sg. werod, 319; dat. instr. sg. weorode,
+1012, 2347; werede, 1216; gen. sg. werodes, 259; gen. pl. wereda, 2187;
+weoroda, 60.--Comp.: eorl-, flet-werod.
+
+wer-þeod, st. f., _people, humanity_: dat. sg. ofer wer-þeode, 900.
+
+wesan, v., _to be_: pres. sg. I. ic eom, 335, 407; II. þu eart, 352, 506;
+III. is, 256, 272, 316, 343, 375, 473, etc.; nu is þines maegenes blaed ane
+hwile (_the prime [fame?] of thy powers lasteth now for a while_), 1762;
+ys, 2911, 3000, 3085; pl. I. we synt, 260, 342; II. syndon, 237, 393; III.
+syndon, 257, 361, 1231; synt, 364; sint, 388; subj. pres. sie, 435, 683,
+etc.; sy, 1832, etc.; sig, 1779, etc.; imper. sg. II. wes, 269 (cf.
+wassail, wes hael), 407, 1171, 1220, 1225, etc.; inf. wesan, 272, 1329,
+1860, 2709, etc. The inf. wesan must sometimes be supplied: nealles Hetware
+hremge þorfton (i.e. wesan) feethe-wiges, 2364; so, 2498, 2660, 618, 1858;
+pres. part. wesende, 46; dat. sg. wesendum, 1188; pret. sg. I., III. waes,
+11, 12, 18, 36, 49, 53, etc.; waes on sunde (_was a-swimming_), 1619; so,
+848, 850(?), 970, 981, 1293; progressive, waes secgende (for saede), 3029;
+II. waere, 1479, etc.; pl. waeron, 233, 536, 544, etc.; waeran (w. reflex,
+him), 2476; pret. subj. waere, 173, 203, 594, 946, etc.; progressive,
+myndgiend waere (for myndgie), 1106.--Contracted neg. forms: , nis = ne +
+is, 249, 1373, etc.; naes = ne + waes, 134, 1300, 1922, 2193, etc. (cf.
+uncontracted: ne waes, 890, 1472); naeron = ne + waeron, 2658; naere = ne +
+waere, 861, 1168. See cniht-wesende.
+
+weg. See waeg.
+
+wen, st. f., _expectation, hope_: nom. sg., 735, 1874, 2324; nu is leodum
+wen orleg-hwile (gen.) (_now the people have weening of a time of strife_),
+2911; acc. sg. þaes ic wen haebbe (_as I hope, expect_), 383; so, þaes þe ic
+[wen] hafo, 3001; wen ic talige, 1846; dat. pl. bega on wenum _(in
+expectation of both_, i.e. the death and the return of Beowulf), 2896. See
+or-wena.
+
+wenan, w. v., _to ween, expect, hope_: 1) absolutely; pres. sg. I. þaes ic
+wene (_as I hope_), 272; swa ic þe wene to _(as I hope thou wilt_: Beowulf
+hopes Hroethgar will now suffer no more pain), 1397.--2) w. gen. or acc.
+pres. sg. I. þonne wene ic to þe wyrsan ge-þinges, 525; ic þaer heaethu-fyres
+hates wene, 2523; III. secce ne weneeth to Gar Denum (_weeneth not of contest
+with the Gar-Danes_), 601; inf. (beorhtre bote) wenan (_to expect, count
+on, a brilliant_ [? _a lighter penalty_] _atonement_), 157; pret. pl. þaes
+ne wendon aer witan Scyldinga þaet ... _the wise men of the Scyldings weened
+not of this before, that_...), 779; þaet hig þaes aeethelinges eft ne wendon þaet
+he ... secean come _(that they looked not for the atheling again that he_
+... _would come to seek_ ...), 1598.--3) w. acc. inf.: pret. sg. wende,
+934.--4) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I. wene ic þaet..., 1185; wen' ic
+þaet..., 338, 442; pret. sg. wende, 2330; pl. wendon, 938, 1605.
+
+wepan, st. v., _to weep_: pret. sg. [weop], 3152 (?).
+
+werig, adj., _weary, exhausted_, w. gen.: nom. sg. siethes werig (_weary from
+the journey, way-weary_), 579; dat. sg. siethes wergum, 1795;--w. instr.:
+acc. pl. wundum werge _(wound-weary_), 2938.--Comp.: deaeth-, fyl-,
+gueth-werig.
+
+ge-werigean, w. v., _to weary, exhaust_: pret. part. ge-wergad, 2853.
+
+werig-mod, adj., _weary-minded (animo defessus)_: nom. sg., 845, 1544.
+
+weste, adj., _waste, uninhabited_: acc. sg. win-sele westne, 2457.
+
+westen, st. n., _waste, wilderness_: acc. sg. westen, 1266.
+
+westen, st. f., _waste, wilderness_: dat. sg. on þaere westenne, 2299.
+
+weal, st. m.: 1 _wall, rampart_: dat. instr. sg. wealle, 786, 892, 3163;
+gen. sg. wealles, 2308.--2) _elevated sea-shore_: dat. sg. of wealle, 229;
+acc. pl. windige weallas, 572, 1225.--3) _wall of a building_: acc, sg. wieth
+þaes recedes weal, 326; dat. sg. be wealle, 1574; hence, the inner and outer
+rock-walls of the dragon's lair (cf. Heyne's essay: Halle Heorot, p. 59):
+dat. sg., 2308, 2527, 2717, 2760, 3061, 3104; gen. sg. wealles,
+2324.--Comp.: bord-, eoreth-, sae-, scyld-weal.
+
+ge-wealc, st. n., _rolling_: acc. sg. ofer yetha ge-wealc, 464.
+
+ge-weald, st. n., _power, might_: acc. sg. on feonda ge-weald _(into the
+power of his foes_), 809, 904; so, 1685; geweald agan, haebban, a-beodan (w.
+gen. of object = _to present) = to have power over_, 79, 655, 765, 951,
+1088, 1611, 1728. See on-weald.
+
+wealdan, st. v., _to wield, govern, rule over, prevail_: 1) absolutely or
+with depend, clause: inf. gif he wealdan mot (_if he may prevail_), 442;
+þaer he ... wealdan moste swa him Wyrd ne ge-scraf (_if [where?] he was to
+prevail, as Weird had not destined for him_), 2575; pres. part. waldend
+(_God_), 1694; dat. wealdende, 2330; gen. waldendes, 2293, 2858, 3110.--2)
+with instr. or dat.: inf. þam waepnum wealdan (_to wield, prevail with, the
+weapons_), 2039; Geatum wealdan (_to rule the Geatas_), 2391; þeah-hordum
+wealdan (_to rule over, control, the treasure of rings_), 2828; wael-stowe
+wealdan (_to hold the field of battle_), 2985; pret. sg. weold, 465, 1058,
+2380, 2596; þenden wordum weold wine Scyldinga (_while the friend of the S.
+ruled the G._), 30; pl. weoldon, 2052.--3) with gen.: pres. sg. I. þenden
+ic wealde widan rices, 1860; pres. part. wuldres wealdend(waldend), 17,
+183, 1753; weard, 2514; the _'dragon_ is called ylda waldend, 1662; waldend
+fira, 2742; sigora waldend, 2876 (designations of God); pret. sg. weold,
+703, 1771.
+
+ge-wealdan, _to wield, have power over, arrange_: 1) w. acc.: pret. sg.
+halig god ge-weold wig-sigor, 1555.--2) w. dat.: pret. cyning ge-weold his
+ge-witte (_the king possessed his senses_), 2704.--3) w. gen.: inf. he ne
+mihte no ... waepna ge-wealdan, 1510.
+
+ge-wealden, pret. part., _subject, subjected_: acc. pl. gedeeth him swa
+gewealdene worolde daelas, 1733.
+
+weallan, st. v.: 1) _to toss, be agitated_ (of the sea): pres. part. nom.
+pl. wadu weallende (weallendu), 546, 581; nom. sg. brim weallende, 848;
+pret. ind. weol, 515, 850, 1132; weoll, 2139.--2) figuratively (of
+emotions), _to be agitated_: pres. pl. III. syethethan Ingelde weallaeth
+wael-niethas (_deadly hate thus agitates Ingeld_), 2066; pres. part.
+weallende, 2465; pret. sg. hreether inne weoll (_his heart was moved within
+him_), 2114; hreether aeethme weoll (_his breast_ [the dragon's] _swelled from
+breathing, snorting_), 2594; breost innan weoll þeostrum ge-þoncum, 2332;
+so, weoll, 2600, 2715, 2883.
+
+weall-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: acc. sg. ofer weall-clif, 3133.
+
+weallian, w. v., _to wander, rove about_: pres. part. in comp.
+heoro-weallende, 2782.
+
+weard, st. m., _warden, guardian; owner_: nom. sg. weard Scyldinga (_the
+Scyldings' warden of the march_), 229; weard, 286, 2240; se weard, sawele
+hyrde, 1742; the _king_ is called beah-horda weard, 922; rices weard, 1391;
+folces weard, 2514; the _dragon_ is called weard, 3061; weard un-hiore,
+2414; beorges weard, 2581; acc. sg, weard, 669; (dragon), 2842; beorges
+weard (dragon), 2525, 3067.--Comp.: bat-, eethel-, gold-, heafod-, hord-,
+hyeth-, land-, ren-, sele-, yrfe-weard.
+
+weard, st. m., _possession_ (Dietrich in Haupt XI., 415): in comp.
+eoreth-weard, 2335.
+
+weard, st. f., _watch, ward_: acc. sg. wearde healdan, 319; wearde heold,
+305.--Comp. aeg-weard.
+
+weard, adj., _-ward_: in comp. and-, innan-, ut-weard, 1288, etc.
+
+weardian, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to watch, guard, keep_: inf. he his folme
+forlet to lif-wraethe, last weardian (_Grendel left his hand behind as a
+life-saver, to guard his track_ [Kemble]), 972; pret. sg. him sio swiethre
+swaethe weardade hand on Hiorte (_his right hand kept guard for him in H._,
+i.e. showed that he had been there), 2099; sg. for pl. hyrde ic þaet þam
+fraetwum feower mearas lungre gelice last weardode (_I heard that four
+horses, quite alike, followed in the traces of the armor_), 2165.--2) _to
+hold, possess, inhabit_: pret. sg. fifel-cynnes eard ... weardode (_dwelt
+in the abode of the sea-fiends_), 105; reced weardode un-rim eorla (_an
+immense number of earls held the hall_), 1238; pl. þaer we gesunde sael
+weardodon, 2076.
+
+wearh, st. m., _the accursed one; wolf_: in comp. heoro-wearg, 1268.
+
+wearn, st. f.: 1) _resistance, refusal_, 366.--2) _warning?, resistance?_
+See un-wearnum, 742.
+
+weaxan, st. v., _to wax, grow_: pres. sg. III. oeth þaet him on innan
+ofer-hygda dael weaxeeth (_till within him pride waxeth_), 1742; inf. weaxan,
+3116; pret. sg. weox, 8.
+
+ge-weaxan, _to grow up_: pret. sg. oft þaet seo geogoeth ge-weox, 66.
+
+ge-weaxan to, _to grow to_ or _for something_: pret. sg. ne ge-weox he him
+to willan (_grew not for their benefit_), 1712.
+
+wea, w. m., _woe, evil, misfortune_: nom. sg., 937; acc. sg. wean, 191,
+423, 1207, 1992, 2293, 2938; gen. pl. weana, 148, 934, 1151, 1397.
+
+wea-laf, st. f., _wretched remnant_: acc. pl. þa wea-lafe (_the wretched
+remnant_, i.e. Finn's almost annihilated band), 1085, 1099.
+
+wea-spel, st. n., _woe-spell, evil tidings_: dat. sg. wea-spelle, 1316.
+
+ge-weoldum. See ge-wild.
+
+weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, labor, deed_: acc. sg., 74; (_war-deed_), 1657;
+instr. sg. weorce, 1570; dat. pl. weorcum, 2097; wordum ne (and) worcum,
+1101, 1834; gen. pl. worda and worca, 289.--2) _work, trouble, suffering_:
+acc. sg. þaes gewinnes weorc (_misery on account of this strife_), 1722;
+dat. pl. adv. weorcum (_with labor_), 1639.--Comp.: baedo-, ellen-, heaetho-,
+niht-weorc.
+
+ge-weorc, st. n.: 1) _work, deed, labor_: nom. acc. sg., 455, 1563, 1682,
+2718, 2775; gen. sg. ge-weorces, 2712. Comp.: aer-, fyrn-, gueth-, hond-,
+nieth-ge-weorc.--2) _fortification, rampart_: in comp. land-geweorc, 939.
+
+weorce, adj., _painful, bitter_: nom. sg., 1419.
+
+weoreth, st. n., _precious object, valuable_: dat. sg. weorethe, 2497.
+
+weoreth, adj., _dear, precious_: nom. sg. weoreth Denum aeetheling (_the atheling
+dear to the Danes_, Beowulf), 1815; compar. nom. sg. þaet he syethethan waes ...
+maethme þy weorethra (_more honored from the jewel_), 1903; cf. wyrethe.
+
+weorethan, st. v.: 1) _to become_: pres. sg. III. beholen weoretheeth (_is
+concealed_), 414; underne weoretheeth (_becomes known_), 2914; so, pl. III.
+weorethaeth, 2067; wurethaeth, 282; inf. weorethan, 3179; wurethan, 808; pret. sg. I.,
+III. weareth, 6, 77, 149, 409, 555, 754, 768, 819, 824, etc.; pl. wurdon,
+228; subj. pret. wurde, 2732.--2) inf. to frofre weorethan (_to become a
+help_), 1708; pret. sg. weareth he Heaetholafe to hand-bonan, 460; so, weareth,
+906, 1262; ne weareth Heremod swa (i.e. to frofre) eaforum Ecgwelan, 1710;
+pl. wurdon, 2204; subj. pret. sg. II. wurde, 588.--3) pret. sg. þaet he on
+fylle weareth (_that he came to a fall_), 1545.--4) _to happen, befall_: inf.
+unc sceal weorethan ... swa unc Wyrd ge-teoeth (_it shall befall us two as Fate
+decrees_), 2527; þurh hwaet his worulde gedal weorethan sceolde, 3069; pret.
+sg. þa þaer sona weareth ed-hwyrft eorlum (_there was soon a renewal to the
+earls_, i.e. of the former perils), 1281.
+
+ge-weorethan: 1) _to become_: pret. sg. ge-weareth, 3062; pret. part. cearu waes
+geniwod ge-worden (_care was renewed_), 1305; swa us ge-worden is,
+3079.--2) _to finish; complete?_: inf. þaet þu ... lete Sueth-Dene sylfe
+ge-weorethan guethe wieth Grendel (_that thou wouldst let the S. D. put an end to
+their war with Grendel_), 1997.--3) impersonally with acc., _to agree,
+decide_: pret. sg. þa þaes monige ge-weareth þaet ... (_since many agreed that_
+...), 1599; pret. part. hafaeth þaes ge-worden wine Scyldinga, rices hyrde,
+and þaet raed talaeth þaet he ... (_therefore hath it so appeared(?) advisable
+to the friend of the S., the guardian of the realm, and he counts it a gain
+that_ ...), 2027.
+
+weoreth-ful, adj., _glorious, full of worth_: nom. sg. weoreth-fullost, 3100.
+
+weorethian, w. v., _to honor, adorn_: pret. sg. þaer ic ... þine leode
+weorethode weorcum (_there honored I thy people by my deeds_), 2097; subj.
+pret. (þaet he) aet feoh-gyftum ... Dene weorethode (_that he would honor the
+Danes at, by, treasure-giving_), 1091.
+
+ge-weorethian, ge-wurethian, _to deck, ornament_: pret. part. hire syethethan waes
+aefter beah-þege breost ge-weorethod, 2177; waepnum ge-weorethad, 250; since
+ge-weorethad, 1451; so, ge-wurethad, 331, 1039, 1646; wide ge-weorethad (_known,
+honored, afar_), 1960.
+
+weoreth-lice, adv., _worthily, nobly_: superl. weoreth-licost, 3163.
+
+weoreth-mynd, st. f. n., _dignity, honor, glory_: nom. sg., 65; acc. sg.
+geseah þa eald sweord ..., wigena weorethmynd (_saw an ancient sword there,
+the glory of warriors_), 1560; dat. instr. pl. weoreth-myndum, 8; to
+woreth-myndum, 1187; gen. pl. weoreth-mynda dael, 1753.
+
+weorethung, st. f., _ornament_: in comp. breost-, ham-, heorft-, hring-,
+wig-weorethung.
+
+weorod. See werod.
+
+weorpan, st. v.: 1) _to throw, cast away_, w. acc.: pret. sg. wearp þa
+wunden-mael wraettum gebunden yrre oretta, þaet hit on eorethan laeg (_the
+wrathful warrior threw the ornamented sword, that it lay on the earth_),
+1532.--2) _to throw around_ or _about_, w. instr.: pret. sg. beorges weard
+. .. wearp wael-fyre (_threw death-fire around_), 2583.--3) _to throw upon_:
+inf. he hine eft ongan waeteres (instr. gen.) weorpan (_began to cast water
+upon him again_), 2792.
+
+for-weorpan, w. acc., _to cast away, squander_: subj. pret. þaet he genunga
+gueth-gewaedu wraethe for-wurpe (_that he squandered uselessly the
+battle-weeds_, i.e. gave them to the unworthy), 2873.
+
+ofer-weorpan, _to stumble_: pret. sg. ofer-wearp þa ... wigena strongest,
+1544.
+
+weotian, w. v., _to provide with, adjust_(?): pret. part. acc. pl.
+wael-bende weotode, 1937.
+
+be-weotian, be-witian, w. v. w. acc., _to regard, observe, care for_: pres.
+pl. III. be-witiaeth, 1136; pret. sg. þegn ... se þe ... ealle be-weotede
+þegnes þearfe (_who would attend to all the needs of a thane_), 1797; draca
+se þe ... hord be-weotode (_the drake that guarded a treasure_), 2213;--_to
+carry out, undertake_: pres. pl. III. þa ... oft be-witigaeth sorh-fulne sieth
+on segl-rade, 1429.
+
+wicg, st. n., _steed, riding-horse_: nom. sg., 1401; acc. sg. wicg, 315;
+dat. instr. sg. wicge, 234; on wicge, 286; acc. pl. wicg, 2175; gen. pl.
+wicga, 1046.
+
+ge-widor, st. n., _storm, tempest_: acc. pl. laeth ge-widru (_loathly
+weather_), 1376.
+
+wieth prep. w. dat. and acc., with fundamental meanings of division and
+opposition: 1) w. dat., _against, with_ (in hostile sense), _from_: þa wieth
+gode wunnon, 113; ana (wan) wieth eallum, 145; ymb feorh sacan, laeth wieth
+laethum, 440; so, 426, 439, 550, 2372, 2521, 2522, 2561, 2840, 3005; þaet him
+holt-wudu ... helpan ne meahte, lind wieth lige, 2342; hwaet ... selest waere
+wieth faer-gryrum to ge-fremmanne, 174; þaet him gast-bona geoce gefremede wieth
+þeod-þreaum, 178; wieth rihte wan (_strove against right_), 144; haefde ...
+sele Hroethgares ge-nered wieth niethe (_had saved H.'s hall from strife_), 828;
+(him dyrne langaeth ...) beorn wieth blode (_the hero longeth secretly contrary
+to his blood_, i.e. H. feels a secret longing for the non-related Beowulf),
+1881; sundur ge-daelan lif wieth lice (_to sunder soul from body_), 2424;
+streamas wundon sund wieth sande (_the currents rolled the sea against the
+sand_), 213; lig-yethum forborn bord wieth ronde (rond, MS.) (_with waves of
+flame burnt the shield against, as far as, the rim_), 2674; holm storme
+weol, won wieth winde (_the sea surged, wrestled with the wind_), 1133; so,
+hiora in anum weoll sefa wieth sorgum (_in one of them surged the soul with
+sorrow_ [_against_?, Heyne]), 2601; þaet hire wieth healse heard grapode
+(_that the sharp sword bit against her neck_), 1567.--2) w. acc.: a)
+_against, towards_: wan wieth Hroethgar (_fought against H._), 152; wieth feonda
+gehwone, 294; wieth wraeth werod, 319; so, 540, 1998, 2535; hine halig god us
+on-sende wieth Grendles gryre, 384; þaet ic wieth þone gueth-flogan gylp
+ofer-sitte (_that I refrain from boastful speech against the
+battle-flier_), 2529; ne wolde wieth manna ge-hwone ... feorh-bealo feorran
+(_would not cease his life-plotting against any of the men_; or, _withdraw
+life-bale from_, etc.? or, _peace would not have with any man..., mortal
+bale withdraw_?, Kemble), 155; ic þa leode wat ge wieth feond ge wieth freond
+faeste geworhte (_towards foe and friend_), 1865; heold heah-lufan wieth
+haeleetha brego (_cherished high love towards the prince of heroes_), 1955;
+wieth ord and wieth ecge ingang forstod (_prevented entrance to spear-point and
+sword-edge_), 1550. b) _against, on, upon, in_: setton side scyldas ... wieth
+þaes recedes weal (_against the wall of the hall_), 326; wieth eorethan faeethm
+(eardodon) (_in the bosom of the earth_), 3050; wieth earm ge-saet (_sat on,
+against, his arm_), 750; so, stieth-mod ge-stod wieth steapne rond, 2567; [wieth
+duru healle eode] (_went to the door of the hall_), 389; wieth Hrefna-wudu
+(_over against, near, H._), 2926; wieth his sylfes sunu setl ge-taehte
+(_showed me to a seat with, near, beside, his own son_), 2014. c) _towards,
+with_ (of contracting parties): þaet hie healfre ge-weald wieth Eotena bearn
+agan moston (_that they power over half the hall with the Eotens' sons were
+to possess_), 1089; þenden he wieth wulf wael reafode (_whilst with the wolf
+he was robbing the slain_), 3028.--3) Alternately with dat. and acc.,
+_against_: nu wieth Grendel sceal, wieth þam aglaecan, ana gehegan þing wieth
+þyrse, 424-426;--_with, beside_: ge-saet þa wieth sylfne..., maeg wieth maege,
+1978-79.
+
+wiether-gyld, st. n., _compensation_: nom. sg., 2052, [proper name?].
+
+wiether-raehtes, adv., _opposite, in front of_, 3040.
+
+wiethre, st. n., _resistance_: gen. sg. wiethres ne truwode, 2954.
+
+wig-weorethung, st. f., _idol-worship, idolatry, sacrifice to idols_: acc.
+pl. -weorethunga, 176.
+
+wiht, st. f.: 1) _wight, creature, demon_: nom. sg. wiht unhaelo (_the demon
+of destruction_, Grendel), 120; acc. sg. syllicran wiht (the dragon),
+3039.--2) _thing, something, aught_: nom. sg. w. negative, ne hine wiht
+dweleeth (_nor does aught check him_), 1736; him wiht ne speow (_it helped
+him naught_), 2855; acc. sg. ne him þaes wyrmes wig for wiht dyde (_nor did
+he count the worm's warring for aught_), 2349; ne meahte ic ... wiht
+gewyrcan _(I could not do aught_ ...), 1661;--w. partitive gen.: no ...
+wiht swylcra searo-nietha, 581;--the acc. sg. = adv. like Germ. _nicht_: ne
+hie huru wine-drihten wiht ne logon (_did not blame their friendly lord
+aught_), 863; so, ne wiht = _naught, in no wise_, 1084, 2602, 2858; no
+wiht, 541; instr. sg. wihte (_in aught, in any way_), 1992; ne ... wihte
+(_by no means_), 186, 2278, 2688; wihte ne, 1515, 1996, 2465, 2924.--Comp.:
+a-wiht (aht = _aught_), ael-wiht, o-wiht.
+
+wil-cuma, w. m., _one welcome_ (qui gratus advenit): nom. pl. wil-cuman
+Denigea leodum (_welcome to the people of the Danes_), 388; so, him (the
+lord of the Danes) wil-cuman, 394; wil-cuman Wedera leodum (_welcome to the
+Geatas_), 1895.
+
+ge-wild, st. f., _free-will_? dat. pl. nealles mid ge-weoldum (_sponte,
+voluntarily_, Bugge), 2223.
+
+wil-deor (for wild-deor), st. n., _wild beast_: acc. pl. wil-deor, 1431.
+
+wil-gesieth, st. m., _chosen_ or _willing companion_: nom. pl. -ge-siethas, 23.
+
+wil-geofa, w. m., _ready giver_ (= voti largitor: princely designation),
+_joy-giver_?: nom. sg. wil-geofa Wedra leoda, 2901.
+
+willa, w. m.: 1) _will, wish, desire, sake_: nom. sg. 627, 825; acc. sg.
+willan, 636, 1740, 2308, 2410; instr. sg. anes willan (_for the sake of
+one_), 3078; so, 2590; dat. sg. to willan, 1187, 1712; instr. pl. willum
+(_according to wish_), 1822; sylfes willum, 2224, 2640; gen. pl. wilna,
+1345.--2) _desirable thing, valuable_: gen. pl. wilna, 661, 951.
+
+willan, aux. v., _will_: in pres. also _shall_ (when the future action is
+depend. on one's free will): pres. sg. I. wille ic a-secgan (_I will set
+forth, tell out_), 344; so, 351, 427; ic to sae wille (_I will to sea_),
+318; wylle, 948, 2149, 2513; sg. II. þu wylt, 1853; sg. III. he wile, 346,
+446, 1050, 1182, 1833; wyle, 2865; wille, 442, 1004, 1185, 1395; aer he in
+wille (_ere he will in_, i.e. go or flee into the fearful sea), 1372;
+wylle, 2767; pl. I. we ... wyllaeth, 1819; pret. sg. I., III. wolde, 68, 154,
+200, 646, 665, 739, 756, 797, 881, etc.; no ic fram him wolde (i.e.
+fleotan), 543; so, swa he hira ma wolde (i.e. a-cwellan), 1056; pret. pl.
+woldon, 482, 2637, 3173; subj. pret., 2730.--Forms contracted w. negative:
+pres. sg. I. nelle (= ne + wille, _I will not_, nolo), 680, 2525(?); pret.
+sg. III. nolde (= ne + wolde), 792, 804, 813, 1524; w. omitted inf. þa
+metod nolde, 707, 968; pret. subj. nolde, 2519.
+
+wilnian, w. v., _to long for, beseech_: inf. wel bieth þaem þe mot ... to
+faeder faeethmum freoetho wilnian (_well for him that may beseech protection in
+the Father's arms_), 188.
+
+wil-sieth, st. m., _chosen journey_: acc. sg. wil-sieth, 216.
+
+ge-win, st. n.: 1) _strife, struggle, enmity, conflict_: acc. sg., 878; þa
+hie ge-win drugon (_endured strife_), 799; under yetha ge-win (_under the
+tumult of the waves_), 1470; gen. sg. þaes ge-winnes weorc (_misery for this
+strife_), 1722.--2) _suffering, oppression_: nom. sg., 133, 191; acc. sg.
+eald ge-win, 1782.--Comp.: fyrn-, yeth-ge-win.
+
+win-aern, st. n., _hall of hospitality, hall, wine-hall_: gen. sg.
+win-aernes, 655.
+
+wind, st. m., _wind, storm_: nom. sg., 547, 1375, 1908; dat. instr. sg.
+winde, 217; wieth winde, 1133.
+
+windan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to wind, whirl_: pret. sg. wand to wolcnum
+wael-fyra maest, 1120.--2) w. acc., _to twist, wind, curl_: pret. pl.
+streamas wundon sund wieth sande, 212; pret. part. wunden gold (_twisted,
+spirally-twined, gold_), 1194, 3135; instr. pl. wundnum (wundum, MS.)
+golde, 1383.
+
+aet-windan, _to wrest one's self from, escape_: pret. sg. se þaem feonde
+aet-wand, 143.
+
+be-windan, _to wind with_ or _round, clasp, surround, envelop_ (involvere):
+pret. sg. þe hit (the sword) mundum be-wand, 1462; pret. part. wirum
+be-wunden (_wound with wires_) 1032; feorh ... flaesce be-wunden
+(_flesh-enclosed_), 2425; gar ... mundum be-wunden (_a spear grasped with
+the hands_), 3023; iu-manna gold galdre be-wunden (_spell-encircled gold_),
+3053; (astah ...) leg wope be-wunden (_uprose the flame mingled with a
+lament_), 3147.
+
+ge-windan, _to writhe, get loose, escape_: inf. widre ge-windan (_to flee
+further_), 764; pret. sg. on fleam ge-wand, 1002.
+
+on-windan, _to unwind, loosen_: pres. sg. (þonne faeder) on-windeeth
+wael-rapas, 1611.
+
+win-daeg, st. m., _day of struggle_ or _suffering_: dat. pl. on þyssum
+win-dagum (_in these days of sorrow_, i.e. of earthly existence), 1063.
+
+wind-bland (blond), st. n., _wind-roar_: nom. sg., 3147.
+
+wind-gereste, f., _resting-place of the winds_: acc. sg., 2457.
+
+windig, adj., _windy_: acc. pl. windige (weallas, naessas), 572, 1359;
+windige weallas (wind geard weallas, MS.), 1225.
+
+wine, st. m., _friend, protector_, especially the _beloved ruler_: nom. sg.
+wine Scyldinga, leof land-fruma (Scyld), 30; wine Scyldinga (Hroethgar), 148,
+1184. As vocative: min wine, 2048; wine min, Beowulf (Hunfereth), 457, 530,
+1705; acc. sg. holdne wine (Hroethgar), 376; wine Deniga, Scyldinga, 350,
+2027; dat. sg. wine Scyldinga, 170; gen. sg. wines (Beowulf), 3097; acc.
+pl. wine, 21; dat. pl. Denum eallum, winum Scyldinga, 1419; gen. pl.
+winigea leasum, 1665; winia bealdor, 2568.--Comp.: frea-, freo-, gold-,
+gueth-, maeg-wine.
+
+wine-dryhten, st. m., (dominus amicus), _friendly lord, lord and friend_:
+acc. sg. wine-drihten, 863, 1605; wine-dryhten, 2723, 3177; dat. sg.
+wine-drihtne, 360.
+
+wine-geomor, adj., _friend-mourning_: nom. sg., 2240.
+
+wine-leas, adj., _friendless_: dat. sg. wine-leasum, 2614.
+
+wine-maeg, st. m., _dear kinsman_: nom. pl. wine-magas, 65.
+
+ge-winna, w. m., _striver, struggler, foe_: comp. eald-, ealdor-gewinna.
+
+winnan, st. v., _to struggle, fight_: pret. sg. III. wan ana wieth eallum,
+144; Grendel wan ... wieth Hroethgar, 151; holm ... won wieth winde (_the sea
+fought with the wind_: cf. wan wind endi water, Heliand, 2244), 1133; II.
+eart þu se Beowulf, se þe wieth Brecan wunne, 506; pl. wieth gode wunnon, 113;
+þaer þa graman wunnon (_where the foes fought_), 778.
+
+win-reced, st. n., _wine-hall, guest-hall, house for entertaining guests_:
+acc. sg., 715, 994.
+
+win-sele, st. m., the same, _wine-hall_: nom. sg., 772; dat. sg. win-sele,
+696 (cf. Heliand Glossary, 369 [364]).
+
+winter, st. m. n.: 1) _winter_: nom. sg., 1133, 1137; acc. sg. winter,
+1129; gen. sg. wintres, 516.--2) _year_ (counted by winters): acc. pl.
+fiftig wintru (neut.), 2210; instr. pl. wintrum, 1725, 2115, 2278; gen. pl.
+wintra, 147, 264, 1928, 2279, 2734, 3051.
+
+wintre, adj., _so many winters_ (old): in comp. syfan-wintre.
+
+ge-wislice, adv., _certainly, undoubtedly_: superl. gewislicost, 1351.
+
+wist, st. f., fundamental meaning = _existentia_, hence: 1) _good
+condition, happiness, abundance_: dat. sg. wunaeth he on wiste, 1736.--2)
+_food, subsistence, booty_: dat. sg. þa waes aefter wiste wop up a-hafen (_a
+cry was then uplifted after the meal_, i.e. Grendel's meal of thirty men),
+128.
+
+wist-fyllo, st. f., _fulness_ or _fill of food, rich meal_: gen. sg.
+wist-fylle, 735.
+
+wit, st. n., (wit), _understanding_: nom. sg., 590.--Comp.: fyr-, in-wit.
+
+ge-wit, st. n.: 1) _consciousness_. dat. sg. ge-weold his ge-witte,
+2704.--2) _heart, breast_: dat. sg. fyr unswiethor weoll (_the fire surged
+less strongly from the dragon's breast_), 2883.
+
+wit, pers. pron. dual of we, _we two_, 535, 537, 539, 540, 544, 1187, etc.
+See unc, uncer.
+
+wita, weota, w. m., _counsellor, royal adviser_; pl., _the king's council
+of nobles_: nom. pl. witan, 779: gen. pl. witena, 157, 266, 937 weotena,
+1099.--Comp.: fyrn-, run-wita.
+
+witan, pret.-pres. v., _to wot, know_. 1) w. depend, clause: pres. sg. I.,
+III. wat, 1332, 2657; ic on Higelace wat þaet he ... (_I know as to H., that
+he_ ...), 1831; so, god wat on mec þaet ...(_God knows of me, that_ ...),
+2651; sg. II. þu wast, 272; weak pret. sg. I., III. wiste, 822; wisse,
+2340, 2726; pl. wiston, 799, 1605; subj. pres. I. gif ic wiste, 2520.--2)
+w. acc. and inf.: pres. sg. I. ic wat, 1864.--3) w. object, predicative
+part, or adj.: pret. sg. III. to þaes he win-reced ... gearwost wisse,
+faettum fahne, 716; so, 1310; wiste þaem ahlaecan hilde ge-binged, 647.--4) w.
+acc., _to know_: inf. witan, 252, 288; pret. sg. wisse, 169; wiste his
+fingra ge-weald on grames grapum, 765; pl. II. wisson, 246; wiston, 181.
+
+nat = ne + wat, _I know not_: 1) elliptically with hwylc, indef. pronoun =
+_some or other_: sceaetha ic nat hwylc.--2) w. gen. and depend. clause: nat
+he þara goda, þaet he me on-gean slea, 682.
+
+ge-witan, _to know, perceive_: inf. þaes þe hie gewis-licost ge-witan
+meahton, 1351.
+
+be-witian. See be-weotian.
+
+witig, adj., _wise, sagacious_: nom. sg. witig god, 686, 1057; witig
+drihten (God), 1555; wittig drihten, 1842.
+
+ge-wittig, adj., _conscious_: nom. sg. 3095.
+
+ge-witnian, w. v., _to chastise, punish_: wommum gewitnad (_punished with
+plagues_), 3074.
+
+wic, st. n., _dwelling, house_: acc. sg. wic, 822, 2590;--often in pl.
+because houses of nobles were complex: dat. wicum, 1305, 1613, 3084; gen.
+wica, 125, 1126.
+
+ge-wican, st. v., _to soften, give way, yield_ (here chiefly of swords):
+pret. sg. ge-wac, 2578, 2630.
+
+wic-stede, st. m., _dwelling-place_: nom. sg. 2463; acc. sg. wic-stede,
+2608.
+
+wid, adj., _wide, extended_: 1) space: acc. sg. neut. ofer wid waeter, 2474;
+gen. sg. widan rices, 1860; acc. pl. wide siethas, waroethas, 878, 1966.--2)
+temporal: acc. sg. widan feorh (acc. of time), 2015; dat. sg. to widan
+feore, 934.
+
+wide, adv., _widely, afar_, 18, 74, 79, 266, 1404, 1589, 1960, etc.; wide
+cueth (_widely, universally, known_), 2136, 2924; so, underne wide, 2914;
+wide geond eorethan (_over the whole earth, widely_), 3100;--modifier of
+superl.: wreccena wide maerost (_the most famous of wanderers, exiles_),
+899.--Compar. widre, 764.
+
+wid-cueth, adj., _widely known, very celebrated_: nom. sg. neut., 1257; acc.
+sg. m. wid-cuethne man (Beowulf), 1490; wid-cuethne wean, 1992; wid-cuethes
+(Hroethgar), 1043.
+
+wide-ferheth, st. m. n., (_long life_), _great length of time_: acc. sg. as
+acc. of time: wide-ferheth (_down to distant times, always_), 703, 938; ealne
+wide-ferheth, 1223.
+
+wid-floga, w. m., _wide-flier_ (of the dragon): nom. sg., 2831; acc. sg.
+wid-flogan, 2347.
+
+wid-scofen, pret. part., _wide-spread_? _causing fear far and wide_? 937.
+
+wid-weg, st. m., _wide way, long journey_: acc. pl. wid-wegas, 841, 1705.
+
+wif, st. n., _woman, lady, wife_: nom. sg. freo-lic wif (Queen Wealhþeow),
+616; wif un-hyre (Grendel's mother), 2121; acc. sg. drihtlice wif (Finn's
+wife), 1159; instr. sg. mid þy wife (Hroethgar's daughter, Freawaru), 2029;
+dat. sg. þam wife (Wealhþeow), 640; gen. sg. wifes (as opposed to _man_),
+1285; gen. pl. wera and wifa, 994.--Comp.: aglaec-, mere-wif.
+
+wif-lufe, w. f., _wife-love, love for a wife, woman's love_: nom. pl.
+wif-lufan, 2066.
+
+wig, st. m.: 1) _war, battle_: nom. sg., 23, 1081, 2317, 2873; acc. sg.,
+686, 1084, 1248; dat. sg. wige, 1338, 2630; as instr., 1085; (wigge, MS.),
+1657, 1771; gen. sg. wiges, 65, 887, 1269.--2) _valor, warlike prowess_:
+nom. sg. waes his mod-sefa manegum ge-cyethed, wig and wisdom, 350; wig, 1043;
+wig ... eafoeth and ellen, 2349; gen. sg. wiges, 2324.--Comp. feethe-wig.
+
+wiga, w. m., _warrior, fighter_: nom. sg., 630; dat. pl. wigum, 2396; gen.
+pl. wigena, 1544, 1560, 3116.--Comp.: aesc-, byrn-, gar-, gueth-, lind-,
+rand-, scyld-wiga.
+
+wigan, st. v., _to fight_: pres. sg. III. wigeeth, 600; inf., 2510.
+
+wigend, pres. part., _fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 3100; nom. pl. wigend,
+1126, 1815, 3145; acc. pl. wigend, 3025; gen. pl. wigendra, 429, 900, 1973,
+2338.--Comp. garwigend.
+
+wig-bealu, st. n., _war-bale, evil contest_: acc. sg., 2047.
+
+wig-bil, st. n., _war-bill, battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1608.
+
+wig-bord, st. n., _war-board_ or _shield_: acc. sg., 2340.
+
+wig-craeft, st. m., _war-power_: acc. sg., 2954.
+
+wig-craeftig, adj., _vigorous in fight, strong in war_: acc. sg.
+wig-craeftigne (of the sword Hrunting), 1812.
+
+wig-freca, w. m., _war-wolf, war-hero_: acc. sg. wig-frecan, 2497; nom. pl.
+wig-frecan, 1213.
+
+wig-fruma, w. m., _war-chief_ or _king_: nom. sg., 665; acc. sg.
+wig-fruman, 2262.
+
+wig-geatwe, st. f. pl., _war-ornaments, war-gear_: dat. pl. on wig-geatwum
+(-getawum, MS.), 368.
+
+wig-ge-weorethad, pret. part., _war-honored, distinguished in war_, 1784? See
+Note.
+
+wig-gryre, st. m., _war-horror_ or _terror_: nom. sg., 1285.
+
+wig-hete, st. m., _war-hate, hostility_: nom. sg., 2121.
+
+wig-heafola, w. m., _war head-piece, helmet_: acc. sg. wig-heafolan,
+2662.--Leo.
+
+wig-heap, st. m., _war-band_: nom sg., 447.
+
+wig-hryre, st. m., _war-ruin, slaughter, carnage_: acc. sg., 1620.
+
+wig-sigor, st. m., _war-victory_: acc. sg., 1555.
+
+wig-sped, st. f.?, _war-speed, success in war_: gen. pl. wig-speda, 698.
+
+win, st. n., _wine_: acc. sg., 1163, 1234; instr. wine, 1468.
+
+wir, st. n., _wire, spiral ornament of wire_: instr. pl. wirum, 1032; gen.
+pl. wira, 2414.
+
+wis, adj., _wise, experienced, discreet_: nom. sg. m. wis (_in his mind,
+conscious_), 3095; f. wis, 1928; in w. form, se wisa, 1401, 1699, 2330;
+acc. sg. þone wisan, 1319; gen. pl. wisra, 1414; w. gen. nom. sg. wis
+wordcwida (_wise of speech_), 1846.
+
+wisa, w. m., _guide, leader_: nom. sg. werodes wisa, 259.--Comp.: brim-,
+here-, hilde-wisa.
+
+wiscte. See wyscan.
+
+wis-dom, st. m., _wisdom, experience_: nom. sg., 350; instr. sg. wis-dome,
+1960.
+
+wise, w. f., _fashion, wise, custom_: acc. sg. (instr.) ealde wisan (_after
+ancient custom_), 1866.
+
+wis-faest, adj., _wise, sagacious_ (sapientia firmus): nom. sg. f., 627.
+
+wis-hycgende, pres. part. _wise-thinking, wise_, 2717.
+
+wisian, w. v., _to guide_ or _lead to, direct, point out_: 1) w. acc.: inf.
+hean wong wisian, 2410; pret. sg. secg wisade land-gemyrcu, 208.--2) w.
+dat.: pres. sg. I. ic eow wisige (_I shall guide you_), 292, 3104; pret.
+sg. se þaem heaetho-rincum hider wisade, 370; sona him sele-þegn ... foreth
+wisade _(the hall-thane led him thither forthwith_, i.e. to his couch),
+1796; stig wisode gumum aet-gaedere, 320; so, 1664.--3) w. prep.?: pret. sg.
+þa secg wisode under Heorotes hrof (_when the warrior showed them the way
+under Heorot's roof_, [but under H.'s hrof depends rather on snyredon
+aetsomne]), 402.
+
+witan, st. v., properly _to look at; to look at with censure, to blame,
+reproach, accuse_, w. dat. of pers. and acc. of thing: inf. for-þam me
+witan ne þearf waldend fira morethor-bealo maga, 2742.
+
+aet-witan, _to blame, censure_ (cf. 'twit), w. acc. of thing: pret. pl.
+aet-witon weana dael, 1151.
+
+ge-witan, properly _spectare aliquo; to go_ (most general verb of motion):
+1) with inf. after verbs of motion: pret. sg. þanon eft ge-wat ... to ham
+faran, 123; so, 2570; pl. þanon eft gewiton ... mearum ridan, 854.
+Sometimes with reflex, dat.: pres. sg. him þa Scyld ge-wat ... feran on
+frean waere, 26; gewat him ... ridan, 234; so, 1964; pl. ge-witon, 301.--2)
+associated with general infinitives of motion and aim: imper. pl. ge-witaeth
+foreth beran waepen and gewaedu, 291; pret. sg. ge-wat þa neosian hean huses,
+115; he þa fag ge-wat ... man-dream fleon, 1264; nyether eft gewat dennes
+niosian, 3045; so, 1275, 2402, 2820. So, with reflex, dat.: him eft gewat
+... hames niosan, 2388; so, 2950; pl. ge-witon, 1126.--3) without inf. and
+with prep, or adv.: pres. sg. III. þaer firgen-stream under naessa genipu
+niether ge-witeeth, 1361; ge-witeeth on sealman, 2461; inf. on flodes aeht feor
+ge-witan, 42; pret. sg. ge-wat, 217; him ge-wat, 1237, 1904; of life,
+ealdre ge-wat (_died_), 2472, 2625; fyrst foreth ge-wat (_time went on_),
+210; him ge-wat ut of healle, 663; ge-wat him ham, 1602; pret. part. dat.
+sg. me foreth-ge-witenum (_me defuncto, I dead_), 1480.
+
+oeth-witan, _to blame, censure, reproach_: inf. ne þorfte him þa lean
+oeth-witan mon on middan-gearde, 2997.
+
+wlanc, wlonc, adj., _proud, exulting_: nom. sg. wlanc, 341; w. instr. aese
+wlanc (_proud of, exulting in, her prey, meal_), 1333; wlonc, 331; w. gen.
+maethm-aehta wlonc (_proud of the treasures_), 2834; gen. sg. wlonces,
+2954.--Comp. gold-wlanc.
+
+wlatian, w. v., _to look_ or _gaze out, forth_: pret. sg. se þe aer ... feor
+wlatode, 1917.
+
+wlenco, st. f., _pride, heroism_: dat. sg. wlenco, 338, 1207; wlence, 508.
+
+wlite, st. m. _form, noble form, look, beauty_: nom. sg., 250.
+
+wlite-beorht, adj., _beauteous, brilliant in aspect_: acc. sg.
+wlite-beorhtne wang, 93.
+
+wlite-seon, st. n. f., _sight, spectacle_: acc. sg., 1651.
+
+wlitig, adj., _beautiful, glorious, fair in form_: acc. sg. wlitig
+(sweord), 1663.
+
+wlitan, st. v., _to see, look, gaze_: pret. sg. he aefter recede wlat
+(_looked along the hall_), 1573; pret. pl. on holm wliton (_looked on the
+sea_), 1593; wlitan on Wiglaf, 2853.
+
+geond-wlitan, w. acc., _to examine, look through, scan_: inf. wraete
+giond-wlitan, 2772.
+
+woh-bogen, pret. part., (_bent crooked), crooked, twisted_: nom. sg. wyrm
+woh-bogen, 2828.
+
+wolcen, st. n. m., _cloud_ (cf. welkin): dat. pl. under wolcnum (_under the
+clouds, on earth_), 8, 652, 715, 1771; to wolcnum, 1120, 1375.
+
+wollen-tear, adj., _tear-flowing, with flowing tears_: nom. pl.
+wollen-teare, 3033.
+
+wom. See wam.
+
+won. See wan.
+
+worc. See weorc.
+
+word, st. n.: 1) _word, speech_: nom. sg., 2818; acc. sg. þaet word, 655,
+2047; word, 315, 341, 390, 871, 2552; instr. sg. worde, 2157; gen. sg.
+wordes, 2792; nom. pl. þa word, 640; word, 613; acc. pl. word (of an
+alliterative song), 871; instr. pl, wordum, 176, 366, 627, 875, 1101, 1173,
+1194, 1319, 1812, etc.; ge-saga him wordum (_tell them in words,
+expressly_), 388. The instr. wordum accompanies biddan, þancian, be-waegnan,
+secgan, hergan, to emphasize the verb, 176, 627, 1194, 2796, 3177; gen. pl.
+worda, 289, 398, 2247, 2263(?), 3031.--2) _command, order_: gen. sg. his
+wordes geweald habban (_to rule, reign_), 79; so, instr. pl. wordum weold,
+30.--Comp.: beot-, gylp-, meethel-, þryeth-word.
+
+word-cwide, st. m., (_word-utterance_), _speech_: acc. pl. word-cwydas,
+1842; dat. pl. word-cwydum, 2754; gen. pl. word-cwida, 1846.
+
+word-gid, st. m, _speech, saying_: acc. sg. word-gyd, 3174.
+
+word-hord, st. n., _word-hoard, treasury of speech, mouth_: acc. sg.
+word-hord on-leac (_unlocked his word-hoard_, opened his mouth, spoke),
+259.
+
+word-riht, st. n., _right speech, suitable word_: gen. pl. Wiglaf maethelode
+word-rihta fela, 2632.
+
+woreth-mynd. See weoreth-mynd.
+
+worethig (for weorethig), st. m., _palace, estate, court_: acc. sg. on worethig
+(_into the palace_), 1973.
+
+worn, st. n., _multitude, number_: acc. sg. worn eall (_very many_), 3095;
+wintra worn (_many years_), 264; þonne he wintrum frod worn ge-munde (_when
+he old in years thought of their number_), 2115. Used with fela to
+strengthen the meaning: nom. acc. sg. worn fela, 1784; hwaet þu worn fela
+... spraece (_how very much thou hast spoken!_), 530; so, eal-fela
+eald-gesegena worn, 871; gen. pl. worna fela, 2004, 2543.
+
+woruld, worold, st. f., _humanity, world, earth_: nom. sg. eal worold,
+1739; acc. sg. in worold (wacan) (_to be born, come into the world_), 60;
+worold oflaetan, of-gifan (_die_), 1184, 1682; gen. sg. worolde, 951, 1081,
+1388, 1733; worulde, 2344; his worulde ge-dal (_his separation from the
+world, death_), 3069; worolde brucan (_to enjoy life, live_), 1063; worlde,
+2712.
+
+worold-ar, st. f., _worldly honor_ or _dignity_: acc. sg. worold-are, 17.
+
+woruld-candel, st. f., _world-candle, sun_: nom. sg., 1966.
+
+worold-cyning, st. m., _world king, mighty king_: nom. sg., 3182; gen. pl.
+worold-cyninga, 1685.
+
+woruld-ende, st. m., _world's end_: acc. sg., 3084.
+
+worold-raeden, st. f., _usual course, fate of the world, customary fate_:
+dat. sg. worold-raedenne, 1143?
+
+wop, st. m., (_whoop_), _cry of grief, lament_: nom. sg., 128; acc. sg.
+wop, 786; instr. sg. wope, 3147.
+
+wracu, st. f., _persecution, vengeance, revenge_: nom. sg. wracu (MS,
+uncertain), 2614; acc. sg. wraece, 2337.--Comp.: gyrn-, nyd-wracu.
+
+wraethu, st. f., _protection, safety_: in comp. lif-wraethu.
+
+wraeth, adj., _wroth, furious, hostile_: acc. sg. neut. wraeth, 319; dat. sg.
+wraethum, 661, 709; gen. pl. wraethra, 1620.
+
+wraethe, adv., _contemptibly, disgracefully_, 2873.
+
+wraeth-lice, adv., _wrathfully, hostilely_ (in battle), 3063.
+
+wrasn, st. f., _circlet of gold for the head, diadem, crown_: in comp.
+frea-wrasn.
+
+wraec-last, st. m., _exile-step, exile, banishment_: acc. sg. wraec-lastas
+traed (_trod exile-steps, wandered in exile_), 1353.
+
+wraec-maecg, st. m., _exile, outcast_: nom. pl. wraec-maecgas, 2380.
+
+wraec-sieth, st. m., _exile-journey, banishment, exile, persecution_: acc.
+sg., 2293; dat. sg. -siethum, 338.
+
+wraet, st. f., _ornament, jewel_: acc. pl. wraete (wraece, MS.), 2772, 3061;
+instr. pl. wraettum, 1532; gen. pl. wraetta, 2414.
+
+wraet-lic, adj.: 1) _artistic, ornamental; valuable_: acc. sg. wraet-licne
+wundur-maethethum, 2174; wraet-lic waeg-sweord, 1490; wig-bord wraet-lic,
+2340.--2) _wondrous, strange_: acc. sg. wraet-licne wyrm [from its rings or
+spots?], 892; wlite-seon wraet-lic, 1651.
+
+wraec, st. f., _persecution_; hence, _wretchedness, misery_: nom. sg., 170;
+acc. sg. wraec, 3079.
+
+wrecan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to press, force_: pret. part. þaer waes Ongenþeo
+... on bid wrecen, 2963.--2) _to drive out, expel_: pret. sg. ferh ellen
+wraec, 2707.--3) _to wreak_ or _utter_: gid, spel wrecan (_to utter words or
+songs_); subj. pres. sg. III. he gyd wrece, 2447; inf. wrecan spel ge-rade,
+874; word-gyd wrecan, 3174; pret. sg. gyd aefter wraec, 2155; pres. part. þaer
+waes ... gid wrecen, 1066.--4) _to avenge, punish_: subj. pres. þaet he his
+freond wrece, 1386; inf. wolde hire maeg wrecan, 1340; so, 1279, 1547; pres.
+part. wrecend (_an avenger_), 1257; pret. sg. wraec Wedera nieth, 423; so,
+1334, 1670.
+
+a-wrecan, _to tell, recount_: pret. sg. ic þis gid be þe a-wraec (_I have
+told this tale for thee_), 1725; so, 2109.
+
+for-wrecan, w. acc., _to drive away, expel; carry away_: inf. þy laes him
+yetha þrym wudu wyn-suman for-wrecan meahte (_lest the force of the waves
+might carry away the winsome ship_), 1920; pret. sg. he hine feor for-wraec
+... man-cynne fram, 109.
+
+ge-wrecan, w. acc., _to avenge, wreak vengeance upon, punish_: pret. sg.
+ge-wraec, 107, 2006; he ge-wraec (i.e. hit, _this_) cealdum cear-siethum, 2396;
+he hine sylfne ge-wraec (_avenged himself_), 2876; pl. ge-wraecan, 2480;
+pret. part. ge-wrecen, 3063.
+
+wrecca, w. m., (_wretch_), _exile, adventurer, wandering soldier, hero_:
+nom. sg. wrecca (Hengest), 1138; gen. pl. wreccena wide maerost (Sigemund),
+899.
+
+wreoethen-hilt, adj., _wreathen-hilted, with twisted hilt_: nom. sg., 1699.
+
+wridian, w. v., _to flourish, spring up_: pret. sg. III. wridaeth, 1742.
+
+wrietha, w. m., _band_: in comp. beag-wrietha (_bracelet_), 2019.
+
+wrixl, st. n., _exchange, change_: instr. sg. wyrsan wrixle (_in a worse
+way, with a worse exchange_), 2970.
+
+ge-wrixle, st. n., _exchange, arrangement, bargain_: nom. sg. ne waes þaet
+ge-wrixle til (_it was not a good arrangement, trade_), 1305.
+
+wrixlan, w. v., _to exchange_: inf. wordum wrixlan (_to exchange words,
+converse_), 366; 875 (_tell_).
+
+wriethan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to bind, fasten, wreathe together_: inf. ic
+hine (him, MS.) ... on wael-bedde wriethan þohte, 965.--2) _to bind up_ (a
+wounded person, a wound): pret. pl. þa waeron monige þe his maeg wriethon,
+2983. See hand-gewriethen.
+
+writan, st. v., _to incise, engrave_: pret. part. on þaem (hilte) waes or
+writen fyrn-gewinnes (_on which was engraved the origin of an ancient
+struggle_), 1689.
+
+for-writan, _to cut to pieces_ or _in two_: pret. sg. for-wrat Wedra helm
+wyrm on middan, 2706.
+
+wroht, st. m. f., _blame, accusation, crime_; here _strife, contest,
+hostility_: nom. sg., 2288, 2474, 2914.
+
+wudu, st. m., _wood_: 1) _material, timber_: nom. pl. wudu, 1365; hence,
+_the wooden spear_: acc. pl. wudu, 398.--2) _forest, wood_: acc. sg. wudu,
+1417.--3) _wooden ship_: nom. sg. 298; acc. sg. wudu, 216, 1920.--Comp.:
+bael-, bord-, gamen-, heal-, holt-, maegen-, sae-, sund-, þrec-wudu.
+
+wudu-rec, st. m., _wood-reek_ or _smoke_: nom. sg., 3145.
+
+wuldor, st. n., _glory_: nom. sg. kyninga wuldor (_God_), 666; gen. sg.
+wuldres wealdend, 17, 183, 1753; wuldres hyrde, 932, (designations of God).
+
+wuldor-cyning, st. m., _king of glory, God_. dat. sg. wuldur-cyninge, 2796
+
+wuldor-torht, adj., _glory-bright, brilliant, clear_: acc. pl.
+wuldor-torhtan weder, 1137.
+
+wulf, st. m., _wolf_: acc. sg., 3028.
+
+wulf-hlieth, st. n., _wolf-slope, wolf's retreat, slope whereunder wolves
+house_: acc. pl. wulf-hleoethu, 1359.
+
+wund, st. f., _wound_: nom. sg., 2712, 2977; acc. sg. wunde, 2532, 2907;
+acc. sg. wunde, 2726; instr. pl. wundum, 1114, 2831, 2938.--Comp.
+feorh-wund.
+
+wund, adj., _wounded, sore_: nom. sg., 2747; dat. sg. wundum, 2754; nom.
+pl. wunde, 565, 1076.
+
+wunden-feax, adj., _curly-haired_ (of a horse's mane): nom. sg., 1401.
+
+wunden-heals, adj., _with twisted_ or _curved neck_ or _prow_: nom. sg.
+wudu wunden-hals (_the ship_), 298.
+
+wunden-heorde?, _curly-haired_?: nom. sg. f., 3153.
+
+wunden-mael, adj., _damascened, etched, with wavy ornaments_(?): nom. sg.
+neut., 1532 (of a sword).
+
+wunden-stefna, w. m. _curved prow, ship_: nom. sg., 220.
+
+wundor, st. n.: 1) _wonder, wonderwork_: nom. sg., 772, 1725; wundur, 3063;
+acc. sg. wundor, 841; wunder, 932; wundur, 2760, 3033, 3104; dat. sg.
+wundre, 932; instr. pl. wundrum (_wondrously_), 1453, 2688; gen. pl.
+wundra, 1608.--2) _portent, monster_: gen. pl. wundra, 1510.--Comp.: hand-,
+nieth-, searo-wundor.
+
+wundor-bebod, st. n., _wondrous command, strange order_: instr. pl.
+-bebodum, 1748.
+
+wundor-deaeth, st. m., _wonder-death, strange death_: instr. sg. wundor
+deaethe, 3038.
+
+wundor-faet, st. n., _wonder-vat, strange vessel_: dat. pl. of wundor-fatum
+(_from wondrous vessels_), 1163.
+
+wundor-lic, adj., _wonder like, remarkable_: nom. sg., 1441.
+
+wundor-maethethum, st. m., _wonder-jewel, wonderful treasure_: acc. sg., 2174.
+
+wundor-smieth, st. m., _wonder-smith, skilled smith, worker of marvellous
+things_: gen. pl. wundor-smietha geweorc (the ancient giant's sword), 1682.
+
+wundor-seon, st. f., _wondrous sight_: gen. pl. wunder-siona, 996.
+
+wunian, w. v.: 1) _to stand, exist, remain_: pres. sg. III. þenden þaer
+wunaeth on heah-stede husa selest (_as long as the best of houses stands
+there on the high place_), 284; wunaeth he on wiste (_lives in plenty_),
+1736; inf. on sele wunian (_to remain in the hall_), 3129; pret. sg. wunode
+mid Finne (_remained with F._), 1129.--2) w. acc. or dat., _to dwell in, to
+inhabit, to possess_: pres. sg. III. wunaeth wael-reste (_holds his
+death-bed_), 2903; inf. waeter-egesan wunian scolde..., streamas, 1261;
+wicum wunian, 3084; w. prep.: pres. sg. Higelac þaer aet ham wunaeth, 1924.
+
+ge-wunian, w. acc.: 1) _to inhabit_: inf. ge-[wunian], 2276.--2) _to remain
+with, stand by_: subj. pres. þaet hine on ylde eft ge-wunigen wil-ge-siethas,
+22.
+
+wurethan. See weorethan.
+
+wuton, v. from witan, used as interj., _let us go! up!_ w. inf.: wutun
+gangan to (_let us go to him!_), 2649; uton hraethe feran! 1391; uton nu
+efstan, 3102.
+
+wylf, st. f., _she-wolf_: in comp. brim-wylf.
+
+wylm, st. m., _surge, surf, billow_: num. sg. flodes wylm, 1765; dat.
+wintres wylme (_with winter's flood_), 516; acc. sg. þurh waeteres wylm,
+1694; acc. pl. heortan wylmas, 2508.--Comp.: breost-, brim-, byrne-, cear-,
+fyr-, heaetho-, holm-, sae-, sorh-wylm. See waelm.
+
+wyn, st. f., _pleasantness, pleasure, joy, enjoyment_: acc. sg. maeste ...
+worolde wynne (_the highest earthly joy_), 1081; eorethan wynne (_earth-joy,
+the delightful earth_), 1731; heofenes wynne (_heaven's joy_, the rising
+sun), 1802; hearpan wynne (_harp-joy, the pleasant harp_), 2108; þaet he ...
+ge-drogen haefde eorethan wynne (_that he had had his earthly joy_), 2728;
+dat. sg. weorod waes on wynne, 2015; instr. pl. maegenes wynnum (_in joy of
+strength_), 1717; so, 1888.--Comp.: eethel-, hord-, lif-, lyft-, symbel-wyn.
+
+wyn-leas, adj., _joyless_: acc. sg. wyn-leasne wudu, 1417; wyn-leas wic,
+822.
+
+wyn-sum, adj., _winsome, pleasant_: acc. sg. wudu wyn-suman (_the ship_),
+1920; nom. pl. word waeron wyn-sume, 613.
+
+wyrcan, v. irreg.: 1) _to do, effect_, w. acc.: inf. (wundor) wyrcan,
+931.--2) _to make, create_, w. acc.: pret. sg. þaet se ael-mihtiga eorethan
+worh[te], 92; swa hine _(the helmet_) worhte waepna smieth, 1453.--3) _to
+gain, win, acquire_, w. gen.: subj. pres. wyrce, se þe mote, domes aer
+deaethe, 1388.
+
+be-wyrcan, _to gird, surround_: pret. pl. bronda betost wealle be-worhton,
+3163.
+
+ge-wyrcan: 1) intrans., _to act, behave_: inf. swa sceal geong guma gode
+gewyrcean ... on faeder wine þaet ... (_a young man shall so act with
+benefits towards his father's friends that_ ...), 20.--2) w. acc., _to do,
+make, effect, perform_: inf. ne meahte ic aet hilde mid Hruntinge wiht
+ge-wyrcan, 1661; sweorde ne meahte on þam aglaecan ... wunde ge-wyrcean,
+2907; pret. sg. ge-worhte, 636, 1579, 2713; pret. part. acc. ic þa leode
+wat ... faeste ge-worhte. 1865.--3) _to make, construct_: inf. (medo-aern)
+ge-wyrcean, 69; (wig-bord) ge-wyrcean, 2338; (hlaew) ge-wyrcean, 2803; pret.
+pl. II. ge-worhton, 3097; III. ge-worhton, 3158; pret. part. ge-worht,
+1697.--4) _to win, acquire_: pres. sg. ic me mid Hruntinge dom ge-wyrce,
+1492.
+
+Wyrd, st. f., _Weird_ (one of the Norns, guide of human destiny; mostly
+weakened down = _fate, providence_): nom. sg., 455, 477, 572, 735, 1206,
+2421, 2527, 2575, 2815; acc. sg. wyrd, 1057, 1234; gen. pl. wyrda, 3031.
+(Cf. Weird Sisters of Macbeth.)
+
+wyrdan, w. v., _to ruin, kill, destroy_: pret. sg. he to lange leode mine
+wanode and wyrde, 1338.
+
+a-wyrdan, w. v., _to destroy, kill_: pret. part.: aeetheling monig wundum
+a-wyrded, 1114.
+
+wyrethe, adj., _noble; worthy, honored, valued_: acc. sg. m. wyrethne (ge-don)
+(_to esteem worthy_), 2186; nom. pl. wyrethe, 368; compar. nom. sg. rices
+wyrethra (_worthier of rule_), 862.--Comp. fyrd-wyrethe. See weoreth.
+
+wyrgen, st, f., _throttler_ [cf. sphinx], _she-wolf_; in comp.
+grund-wyrgen.
+
+ge-wyrht, st. n., _work; desert_; in comp. eald-gewyrht, 2658.
+
+wyrm, st. m., _worm, dragon, drake_: nom. sg., 898, 2288, 2344, 2568, 2630,
+2670, 2746, 2828; acc. sg. wyrm, 887, 892, 2706, 3040, 3133; dat. sg.
+wyrme, 2308, 2520; gen. wyrmes, 2317, 2349, 2760, 2772, 2903; acc. pl.
+wyrmas, 1431.
+
+wyrm-cyn, st. m., _worm-kin, race of reptiles, dragons_: gen. sg.
+wyrm-cynnes fela, 1426.
+
+wyrm-fah, adj., _dragon-ornamented, snake-adorned_ (ornamented with figures
+of dragons, snakes, etc.: cf. Dietrich in Germania X., 278): nom. sg.
+sweord ... wreoethen-hilt and wyrm-fah, 1699.
+
+wyrm-hord, st. n., _dragon-hoard_: gen. pl. wyrm-horda, 2223.
+
+for-wyrnan, w. v., _to refuse, reject_: subj. pres. II. þaet þu me no
+for-wyrne, þaet... (_that thou refuse me not that_...), 429; pret. sg. he ne
+for-wyrnde worold-raedenne, 1143.
+
+ge-wyrpan, w. v. reflex., _to refresh one's self, recover_: pret. sg. he
+hyne ge-wyrpte, 2977.
+
+wyrpe, st. m., _change_: acc. sg. aefter wea-spelle wyrpe ge-fremman (_after
+the woe-spell to bring about a change of things_), 1316.
+
+wyrsa, compar. adj., _worse_: acc. sg. neut. þaet wyrse, 1740; instr. sg.
+wyrsan wrixle, 2970; gen. sg. wyrsan geþinges, 525; nom. acc. pl. wyrsan
+wig-frecan, 1213, 2497.
+
+wyrt, st. f., [_-wort_], _root_: instr. pl. wudu wyrtum faest, 1365.
+
+wyscan, w. v., _to wish, desire_: pret. sg. wiscte (rihde, MS.) þaes yldan
+(_wished to delay that_ or _for this reason_, 2440, 1605(?). See Note.
+
+
+Y
+
+yfel, st n., _evil_: gen. pl. yfla, 2095.
+
+yldan, w. v., _to delay, put off_: inf. ne þaet se aglaeca yldan þohte, 740;
+weard wine-geomor wiscte þaes yldan, þaet he lytel faec long-gestreona brucan
+moste, 2240.
+
+ylde, st. m. pl., _men_: dat. pl. yldum, 77, 706, 2118; gen. pl. ylda, 150,
+606, 1662. See elde.
+
+yldest. See eald.
+
+yldo, st. f., _age (senectus), old age_: nom. sg., 1737, 1887; atol yldo,
+1767; dat. sg. on ylde, 22.--2) _age (aetas), time, era_: gen. sg. yldo
+bearn, 70. See eldo.
+
+yldra. See eald.
+
+ylf, st. f., _elf (incubus, alp_): nom. pl. ylfe, 112.
+
+ymb, prep. w. acc.: 1) local, _around, about, at, upon_: ymb hine (_around,
+with, him_), 399. With prep, postponed: hine ymb, 690; ymb brontne ford
+(_around the seas, on the high sea_), 568; ymb þa gif-healle (_around the
+gift-hall, throne-hall_), 839; ymb þaes helmes hrof (_around the helm's
+roof, crown_), 1031.--2) temporal, _about, after_: ymb an-tid oethres dogores
+(_about the same time the next day_), 219; ymb ane niht (_after a night_),
+135.--3) causal, _about, on account of, for, owing to_: (frinan) ymb þinne
+sieth (_on account of, concerning?, thy journey_), 353; hwaet þu ... ymb
+Brecan spraece (_hast spoken about B._), 531; so, 1596, 3174; na ymb his lif
+cearaeth (_careth not for his life_), 1537; so, 450; ymb feorh sacan, 439;
+sundor-nytte beheold ymb aldor Dena, 669; ymb sund (_about the swimming,
+the prize for swimming_), 507.
+
+ymbe, I. prep. w. acc. = ymb: 1) local, 2884, 3171; hlaew oft ymbe hwearf
+(prep, postponed), 2297. 2) causal, 2071, 2619.--II. adv., _around_: him
+... ymbe, 2598.
+
+ymb-sittend, pres. part., _neighbor_ gen. pl. ymb-sittendra, 9.
+
+ymbe-sittend, the same: nom. pl. ymbe-sittend, 1828; gen. pl.
+ymbe-sittendra, 2735.
+
+yppe, w. f., _high seat, dais, throne_: dat. sg. eode ... to yppan, 1816.
+
+yrfe, st. n., _bequest, legacy_: nom. sg., 3052.
+
+yrfe-laf, st. f., _sword left as a bequest_: acc. sg. yrfe-lafe, 1054;
+instr. sg. yrfe-lafe, 1904.
+
+yrfe-weard, st. m., _heir, son_: nom. sg., 2732; gen. sg. yrfe-weardes,
+2454. (-as, MS.)
+
+yrmetho, st. f., _misery, shame, wretchedness_: acc. sg. yrmethe, 1260, 2006.
+
+yrre, st. n., _anger, ire, excitement_: acc. sg. godes yrre, 712; dat. sg,
+on yrre, 2093.
+
+yrre, adj., _angry, irate, furious_: nom. sg. yrre oretta (Beowulf), 1533;
+þegn yrre (the same), 1576; gaest yrre (Grendel), 2074; nom. pl. yrre, 770.
+See eorre.
+
+yrringa, adv., _angrily, fiercely_, 1566, 2965.
+
+yrre-mod, adj., _wrathful-minded, wild_: nom. sg., 727.
+
+ys, _he is_. See wesan.
+
+
+Y
+
+yeth (O.H.G. unda), st. f., _wave; sea_: nom. pl. yetha, 548; acc. pl. yethe, 46,
+1133, 1910; dat. pl. yethum, 210, 421, 534, 1438, 1908; yethum weallan (_to
+surge with waves_), 515, 2694; gen. pl. yetha, 464, 849, 1209, 1470,
+1919.--Comp: flod-, lig-, waeter-yeth.
+
+yethan, w. v., _to ravage, devastate, destroy_: pret. sg. yethde eotena cyn,
+421 (cf. iethende = _depopulating_, Bosworth, from AElfric's Glossary; pret.
+yethde, Wanderer, 85).
+
+yethe. See eaethe.
+
+yethe-lice, adv., _easily_: yethe-lice he eft a-stod (_he easily arose
+afterwards_), 1557.
+
+yeth-gebland, st. n., _mingling_ or _surging waters, water-tumult_: nom. sg.
+-geblond, 1374, 1594; nom. pl. -gebland, 1621.
+
+yeth-gewin, st. n., _strife with the sea, wave-struggle, rushing of water_:
+dat. sg. yeth-gewinne, 2413; gen. sg. -gewinnes, 1435.
+
+yeth-lad, st. f., _water-journey, sea-voyage_: nom. pl. yeth-lade, 228.
+
+yeth-laf, st. f., _water-leaving, what is left by the water (undarum
+reliquiae), shore_: dat. sg. be yeth-lafe, 566.
+
+yeth-lida, w. m., _wave-traverser, ship_: acc. sg. yeth-lidan, 198.
+
+yeth-naca, w. m., _sea-boat_: acc. sg. [yeth-]nacan, 1904.
+
+yeth-gesene. See eeth-gesyne.
+
+ywan, w. v. w. acc., _to show_: pret. sg. an-syn ywde (_showed itself,
+appeared_), 2835. See eawan, eowan.
+
+ge-ywan, w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to lay before, offer_: inf.,
+2150.
+
+
+
+GLOSSARY TO FINNSBURH.
+
+abrecan, st. v., _to shatter_: part. his byrne abrocen waere (_his byrnie
+was shattered_).
+
+anyman, st. v., _to take, take away_.
+
+ban-helm, st. m., _bone-helmet; skull_, [_shield_, Bosw.].
+
+buruh-þelu, st. f., _castle-floor_.
+
+celod, part, (adj.?), _keeled_, i.e. boat-shaped or hollow.
+
+dagian, w. v., _to dawn_: ne þis ne dagiaeth eastan (_this is not dawning
+from the east_).
+
+deor-mod, adj., _brave in mood_: deor-mod haeleeth.
+
+driht-gesieth, st m., _companion, associate_.
+
+eastan, adv., _from the east_.
+
+eoreth-buend, st. m., _earth-dweller, man_.
+
+fer, st. m. _fear, terror_.
+
+fyren, adj., _flaming, afire_: nom. f. swylce eal Finns-buruh fyrenu waere
+(_as if all Finnsburh were afire_).
+
+gehlyn, st. n., _noise, tumult_.
+
+gellan, st. v., _to sing_ (i.e. ring or resound): pres. sg. gylleeth
+graeg-hama (_the gray garment_ [byrnie] _rings_); (_the gray wolf
+yelleth_?).
+
+genesan, st. v., _to survive, recover from_: pret. pl. þa wigend hyra wunda
+genaeson (_the warriors were recovering from their wounds_).
+
+gold-hladen, adj., _laden with gold_ (wearing heavy gold ornaments).
+
+graeg-hama, w. m., _gray garment, mail-coat_; (_wolf_?--Brooke).
+
+gueth-wudu, st. m., _war-wood, spear_.
+
+haeg-steald, st. m., _one who lives in his lord's house, a house-carl._
+
+heaetho-geong, adj., _young in war._
+
+here-sceorp, st. n., _war-dress, coat of mail_.
+
+hleoethrian, w. v., _to speak, exclaim_: pret. sg. hleoethrode ... cyning (_the
+prince exclaimed_).
+
+hraew, st. n., _corpse_.
+
+hror, adj., _strong_: here-sceorpum hror (_strong_ [though it was] _as
+armor_, Bosw.).
+
+lac (laeth?)? for flacor, _fluttering?_
+
+oncweethan, st. v., _to answer_: pres. sg. scyld scefte oncwyeth (_the shield
+answers the spear_).
+
+onwacnian, w. v., _to awake, arouse one's self_: imper. pl. onwacnigeaeth...,
+wigend mine (_awake, my warriors!_).
+
+sceft (sceaft), st. m., _spear, shaft_.
+
+sealo-brun, adj., _dusky-brown_.
+
+sige-beorn, st. m., _victorious hero, valiant warrior_.
+
+swaeether (swa hwaeether), pron., _which of two, which_.
+
+swan, st. m., _swain, youth; warrior_.
+
+sweart, adj., _swart, black_.
+
+swet, adj., _sweet_: acc. m. swetne medo ... forgyldan (_requite the sweet
+mead_, i.e. repay, by prowess in battle, the bounty of their chief).
+
+swurd-leoma, w. m., _sword-flame, flashing of swords_.
+
+þyrl, adj., _pierced, cloven_.
+
+undearninga, adv., _without concealment, openly_.
+
+wandrian, w. v., _to fly about, hover_: pret. sg. hraefn wandrode (_the
+raven hovered_).
+
+waethol, st. m., _the full moon_ [Grein]; [adj., _wandering_, Bosw.].
+
+wael-sliht (-sleaht), st. m., _combat, deadly struggle_: gen. pl. wael-slihta
+gehlyn (_the din of combats_)
+
+wea-daed, st. f., _deed of woe_: nom. pl. arisaeth wea-daeda.
+
+witian (weotian), w. v., _to appoint, determine_: part. þe is ... witod.
+
+wurethlice (weorethlice), adv., _worthily, gallantly_: compar. wureth-licor.
+
+waeg, weg, st. m., _way_.
+
+
+
+CORRECTIONS MADE TO THE SOURCE TEXT:
+
+ARGUMENT, recals = recalls
+POEM:
+ll. 131, 737 þryeth-swyeth = þryeth-swyeth
+l. 256 ofest = ofost
+l. 303 scionon = scionon
+l. 706 buton = buton
+l. 1115 at = aet
+l. 1133 wieth = wieth
+ll. 1304, 1560, 1616 missing caesuras supplied
+l. 1436 here-strael = here-strael
+l. 1642 feower- = feower
+l. 1747 straele = straele
+l. 1828 þywaeth = þywaeth
+l. 1926 betlic = betlic
+l. 2224 gesceod = gesceod
+ll. 2288, 3036 was = waes
+l. 2453 to = to
+l. 2503 Huga = Huga
+l. 2586 niethe = niethe
+l. 2587 sieth = sieth
+l. 2684 irenna = irenna
+l. 2915 Hugas = Hugas
+l. 2956 heaetho-liethendum = heaetho-liethendum
+l. 3000 Þat = Þaet; feond- = feond-
+l. 3056 soeth = soeth
+l. 3137 Hrones = Hrones
+list of names, under:
+ Dene, Scedenigge = Scedenigge
+ Eadgils, Ohthere = Ohthere
+ Freawaru, Freawaru = Freawaru
+ Hroethgar, Hroeth-gare = Hroethgare
+ Hygelac, Haereeth = Haereeth
+NOTES for
+l. 31, of l. 31 = of l. 30
+l. 1441, woeth- = waeg-
+l. 1916, leofra = leofra
+GLOSSARY, under headword
+ aeethele, Beowulf's = Beowulf's
+ an, gehwilces = gehwylces
+ aeg-hwa, aegh-waes = aeghwaes
+ aet-beran, beadolace = beadulace
+ beadu-lac, beado- = beadu- (twice)
+ beag, beages = beages
+ beorh, heaford- = heafod
+ beodan, leodum = leodum
+ beon, cwenlic = cwenlic
+ biddan, bliethne = bliethne
+ bitter, straele = straele
+ ge-bidan, therefor = therefore
+ on-bidan, earfoethlice = earfoethlice
+ brecan, letdse = let se
+ burne, of of = of
+ butan, swice = swice
+ cempa, Huga = Huga
+ ge-ceosan, usic = usic
+ on-cirran, wealdendas = wealdendes
+ corether, þae = þa
+ cunnan, þeawe = þeaw
+ cueth, wieth- = wid-
+ dogor, gehwam = gehwam
+ don, ymbsittend = ymbesittend; hettend = hetend; þywaeth = þywaeth
+ drifan, feoran = feorran
+ dryhten, freah- = frea-
+ dryht-scipe, drihtscipe = drihtscype
+ ge-dygan, wraecsieth = wraecsieth
+ eal, oncyethethe = oncyethethe
+ ealdor, herestrael = herestrael
+ eacen-craeftig, iumanna = iumonna
+ eofor-spreot, hocyhtum = hocyhtum
+ eorlic, eorlic [ellen] = eorlic
+ fah, waldreore = waeldreore
+ oeth-ferian, panon = þonan
+ fela, maethethum- = maethethum
+ feran, waere = waere
+ feond, feonda = feonda
+ fleon, fenhopu = fenhopu
+ floga, wieth- = wid-
+ folc-toga, Hroethgar = Hroethgar
+ for, wonhydum = wonhydum; handgeweorc = hondgeweorc
+ fot-gemearc, long = lang
+ ge-frignan, þeodcyninga = þeodcyninga
+ ge-fyrethran, fratwum = fraetwum
+ ge-fysan, to secanne = to seceanne
+ gan, swa = swa; [or] giong = giong; flore = flore; sittan = sittan
+ ge-gan, Wiglaf = Wiglaf
+ gar-wiga, Wiglaf = Wiglaf
+ gaest, fede- = feethe-
+ gegn-cwide, þinra = þinra
+ ge-gyrwan, yethlidan = yethlidan
+ geoc, gast = gast
+ geomore-lic, [bieth] geomorlic = geomorlic
+ for-gildan, therefor = therefore
+ gold-wlanc, guethrinc = guethrinc
+ gretan, walgaest = waelgaest
+ grim, searo-grimm = searo-grim
+ habban, gecorene = gecorone
+ wieth-habban, winsele = winsele
+ hatan, saeliethend = saeliethend
+ hatian, gueth-sceaetha = gueth-sceaetha
+ har, heare = heare
+ here-strael, -strael = strael
+ heard, -strael = -strael; regen- = regn-
+ heorte, starc- = stearc
+ heoro-dreor, heoro-dreore (citation) = heoro-dreore
+ hlieth, hliethu = hlietho (twice)
+ hop, hop = hop (twice)
+ hreow, þat = þaet
+ hrof, geseah = geseah
+ hwil, seo = seo
+ hyran, aeghwilc = aeghwylc
+ inne, abead = abead
+ iren, drihtlic = dryhtlic
+ laeth, gewiethru = gewidru; scynnum = scinnum
+ be-lean, belean = belean
+ metan, Aescheres = Aescheres
+ mearcian, morhopu = morhopu
+ ge-mearian, hwam = hwam
+ morethor-bed, stred = stred
+ mod, stieth- = stieth-
+ naenig, horeth-maethum = hord-maethethum
+ on, heaethe = heoethe; willen = willan
+ raed, faest- = faest
+ reccan, hu = hu
+ ridan, gealgan = galgan
+ sang, -leasne = leasne
+ sceapan, Hugas = Hugas (twice)
+ scanan, scionon = scionon
+ scinan, scinon = scinon
+ secg, synnigne = sinnigne
+ ge-secan, -cyethethe = cyethethe
+ ge-sigan, aetsaecce = aet saecce
+ ge-slean, ge-slogan = ge-slogon
+ standan, strael = strael
+ stapan, furethor = furethur
+ ge-steppan, Ohtheres = Ohteres
+ stincan, þae = þa
+ styrian, ge-wiethru = ge-widru
+ sweord, maethethum- = maethethum
+ ge-swican, þeodne = þeodne
+ teon (w. v.), nalaes = nalas; teodan = teodan
+ to, haelum = haelum; sitte = site; Eofore = Jofore
+ ge-truwan, -waere = waere
+ ge-twaefan, oethethe = oethethe
+ þaer, snotera = snottra
+ þe, gimfaestan = ginfaestan
+ of-þincan, gehwam = gehwam
+ ge-þolian, þat = þaet
+ þu, saelran = selran
+ þusend, seofon = seofan
+ un-heore, -speru = -sporu
+ us, aeg-hwilc = aeg-hwylc
+ wacan, wocon = wocun
+ werian, beaduscrud = beaduscruda
+ be-werian, scynnum = scinnum
+ wen, orleg = orleg; or-wena = or-wena
+ weorethian, leode = leode
+ willa, wyllum = willum
+ wilnian, faeether = faeder
+ nat, hwilc = hwylc (twice)
+ ge-witan, waere = waere
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Beowulf, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEOWULF ***
+
+***** This file should be named 9700.txt or 9700.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        https://www.gutenberg.org/9/7/0/9700/
+
+Produced by Karl Hagen and PG Distributed Proofreaders
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
diff --git a/old/9700.zip b/old/9700.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a227a7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/old/9700.zip