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The Project Gutenberg eBook of A History of the Boundaries
of Arlington County, Virginia, by Office of the County
Manager
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<pre>
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of the Boundaries of Arlington
County, Virginia, by Office of the County Manager, Arlington
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
Title: A History of the Boundaries of Arlington County, Virginia
Author: Office of the County Manager, Arlington
Release Date: July 30, 2011 [EBook #36902]
Language: English
Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON COUNTY ***
Produced by Mark C. Orton and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
</pre>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Front cover" width="266"
height="450">
</div>
<br>
<h2>
A HISTORY
</h2>
<h3>
<i>
of
</i>
</h3>
<h2>
THE BOUNDARIES
</h2>
<h3>
<i>
of
</i>
</h3>
<h2>
ARLINGTON COUNTY, VIRGINIA
</h2>
<br>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/logo.jpg" alt="Seal of Virginia"
width="100" height="99">
</div>
<br>
<br>
<h3>
Office of the County Manager
<br>
Arlington, Virginia
<br>
1967
</h3>
<hr class="med">
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/001.jpg" alt="THE BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON,
1791, 1801, 1846, 1870, 1875, 1915, 1929, 1936 ,1946 ,1966"
width="600" height="380">
</div>
<p class="caption">
THE BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON
<br>
1791 1801 184
6
<br>
1870 1875 191
5 1929 1936&n
bsp; 1946 1966
</p>
<hr class="med">
<p class="head">
FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION
</p>
<p>
This collection of documentary references to the boundaries
of Arlington County was first published in 1957. This new
edition contains revisions made in the light of fuller
knowledge, and brings the story up-to-date by taking
account of the change in the common boundary with the City
of Alexandria which went into effect on January 1, 1966.
</p>
<p>
This pamphlet can serve as a guide for those who need to
know what jurisdiction covered this area at any particular
time. It provides information for the student as well as
the title searcher—in fact, for anyone interested in
the history of what is now Arlington County.
</p>
<p class="space">
</p>
<p class="sig">
<img src="images/sig.jpg" alt="Signature of Bert W.
Johnson" width="295" height="92">
</p>
<p class="sig">
Bert W. Johnson
<br>
County Manager
</p>
<hr class="med">
<p class="title">
A History of
<br>
The Boundaries of
<br>
Arlington County, Virginia
</p>
<p class="ctr">
TABLE OF CONTENTS
</p>
<table summary="Table of Contents">
<tr>
<td class="txt">
</td>
<td class="pg">
<small>
Page</small>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
Introduction—Arlington County Today
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#1">
1</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
1608-1789
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#2">
2</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
The Charters of James I to the Virginia Company
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Charles I Charter to Lord Baltimore
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
The Counties of the Northern Neck of Virginia
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
1789-1847
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#3">
3</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Into the District of Columbia:
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="indent">
Cession of 1789
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="indent">
Location of the Federal District
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Out of the District:
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="indent">
Acts of 1846
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="indent">
In Virginia Once More, 1847
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
ARLINGTON'S BOUNDARY WITH THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#14">
14</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Establishment of Alexandria as a Town
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Territorial Accretions of Alexandria to 1870
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
County-City Separation, 1870
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Annexations by Alexandria from Arlington, 1915 and 1929
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Readjustment of Boundaries, 1966
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
ARLINGTON'S BOUNDARY WITH THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#24">
24</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Boundary of Commission of 1935
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
Acts of 1945 and 1946
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
POSTSCRIPTS—TOWNS IN ARLINGTON COUNTY
</td>
<td class="pg">
<a href="#27">
27</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
The Town of Falls Church
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
The Town of Potomac
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="txt">
No More Towns
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
<a href="#appendix">
Appendix.</a>
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="chpt">
<a href="#biblio">
Bibliography.</a>
</td>
<td class="pg">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr class="med">
<a name="1">
</a>
<p class="title">
A History of
<br>
The Boundaries of
<br>
Arlington County, Virginia
</p>
<p>
It is one of those paradoxes so characteristic of Arlington
that the area composing the County did not exist as a
separate entity until it was ceded by Virginia to form part
of the District of Columbia. The Act by which the Congress
of the United States took jurisdiction over this area
directed that that portion of the District which had been
ceded by Virginia was to be known as the county of
Alexandria.<a href="#note1" name="noteref1"
class="fnanchor"><small>[1]</small>
</a>
(It was not until 1920 that it received the name of
Arlington.)<a href="#note2" name="noteref2"
class="fnanchor"><small>[2]</small>
</a>
</p>
<p>
The present boundaries of Arlington may be described as:
Beginning at the intersection of Four Mile Run with the
west shore line of the Potomac River, westwardly, in
general along the line of Four Mile Run, without regard to
its meanders, intersecting the south right-of-way line of
the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad, then 1,858.44
feet to where the center line of Shirlington Road
intersects the said south right-of-way line; thence south
and slightly east to the center line of Quaker Lane, then
following the center line of Quaker Lane to a point short
of Osage Street in Alexandria where it moves to the north
line of Quaker Lane; thence to the east right-of-way line
of Leesburg Pike (King Street); thence with this line to
the east side of 30th Street, South, in Arlington,
northeast on 30th Street, South, to the circle; around said
circle to the north side of South Columbus Street, along
this line to 28th Street, South, returning for a short
distance to Leesburg Pike, jogging east and north to 25th
Street, South, and then back to Leesburg Pike; thence along
the Pike to the common boundary of Alexandria and Fairfax;
thence northeast along the former Alexandria-Fairfax
boundary until it intersects the original boundary between
Arlington and Fairfax; thence due northwest to a stone and
large oak tree approximately 200 feet west of Meridian
Avenue (North Arizona Street); thence due northeast to the
shore of the Potomac; thence along the mean high water mark
of the shore of the Potomac River, back to the point of
beginning. This line encloses roughly 16,520 acres, or
approximately 25.7 square miles, thus making Arlington the
third smallest county in the United States in respect to
area.<a href="#note3" name="noteref3"
class="fnanchor"><small>[3]</small>
</a>
</p>
<p>
The boundaries of this area have been changed many times
since it was first sighted by Captain John Smith on his
voyage up the Potomac in 1608—the year which can be
said to mark the beginning of Arlington's history.
</p>
<a name="2">
</a>
<p class="head">
<i>
1608-1789
</i>
</p>
<p>
The circumstances which placed Arlington in Virginia began
to take shape even earlier than 1608. The two companies
organized to colonize Virginia were granted their first
charter by James I of England on April 10, 1606.<a
href="#note4" name="noteref4"
class="fnanchor"><small>[4]</small>
</a>
This was styled "Letters Patent to Sir Thomas Gates, Sir
George Somers, and others, for two several Colonies and
Plantations, to be made in Virginia, and other parts and
Territories of America." The patentees were authorized
"… to make habitation, plantation, and to deduce a
colony of sundry of our people into that part of America,
commonly called Virginia …" between 34° north
latitude and 45° north and within 100 miles of the
coast. Within this area the spheres of operation of the two
companies (which came to be known as the London and
Plymouth Companies because their principal backers hailed
from one or the other of these English towns) were
delineated. To the former was given the right to plant a
colony within the area from north latitude 34° to
41°, and to the latter within the area from 38°
to 45° inclusive. The overlapping area from 38°
to 41° was open to settlement by either company,
though neither might establish a settlement within 100
miles of territory occupied by the other. The actual
jurisdiction of each company was limited to 50 miles in
each direction from the first seat of plantation. This last
restriction was not carried over into the second charter.
(Map I.)
</p>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/map3.jpg" alt="MAP I" width="336"
height="500">
</div>
<p class="caption">
MAP I
<br>
Bounds Set by First Two Charters of the Virginia Company
</p>
<p class="ralign">
Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims
</p>
<p>
Although the Plymouth Company sent out ships in the spring
of 1607, the settlement attempted by them on the coast of
Maine was abandoned the following year. The first
settlement which was to prove permanent was made by the
London Company whose ships, sailing from London in December
1606, reached the mouth of the James River in Virginia in
April 1607. The founding of "James Cittie" provided a point
of reference for the second charter of the London Company
(which came to be known as the Virginia Company). This
charter,<a href="#note5" name="noteref5"
class="fnanchor"><small>[5]</small>
</a>
granted in 1609, gave it jurisdiction over
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"all those lands, countries, and territories, situate,
lying, and being, in that part of America called Virginia,
from the point of land, called Cape or Point Comfort, all
along the sea coast, to the northward 200 miles, and from
the said Point or Cape Comfort, all along the sea coast to
the southward 200 miles, and all that space and circuit of
land, lying from the sea coast of the precinct aforesaid,
up into the land, throughout from sea to sea, west and
northwest; and also all the islands lying within one
hundred miles, along the coast of both seas of the precinct
aforesaid;…"
</p>
</div>
<p>
This grant reflects the view of the best geographers of the
day that the Pacific Ocean lapped the western side of the
as yet unexplored and unnamed Appalachian Mountains.
</p>
<p>
The third charter of the Virginia Company,<a href="#note6"
name="noteref6" class="fnanchor"><small>[6]</small>
</a>
granted in 1612, extended the eastern boundaries of the
colony to cover "… all and singular those Islands
whatsoever, situate and being in any part of the ocean seas
bordering upon the coast of our said first colony in
Virginia, and being within three hundred leagues of any the
parts heretofore granted …" This was done to include
Bermuda which had been discovered in the meantime. The
charter of the Virginia Company was annulled in 1624 by
King James I, and its lands became a Crown Colony. By this
time, however, the Virginia settlements were firmly
established on and nearby the James River, and the Potomac
River to the falls was well known to traders with the
Indians.
</p>
<p>
The first limitation upon the extent of the "Kingdom of
Virginia," as it was referred to by King Charles I, who
succeeded his father in 1625, came with the grant to Lord
Baltimore of a proprietorship over what became Maryland.
This patent was granted in 1632; the first settlers reached
what became St. Mary's on the Potomac in 1634. That part of
the grant which is pertinent to the boundaries of Arlington
reads:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Going from the said estuary called Delaware Bay in a right
line in the degree aforesaid to the true meridian of the
first fountain of the river Potomac, then tending downward
towards the south to the farther bank of the said river and
following it to where it faces the western and southern
coasts as far as to a certain place called Cinquack situate
near the mouth of the same river where it discharges itself
in the aforenamed bay of Chesapeake and thence by the
shortest line as far as the aforesaid promontory or place
called Watkins Point."<a href="#note7" name="noteref7"
class="fnanchor"><small>[7]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The most significant words of this grant, from the point of
view of Arlington, are "the farther banks of the said
river." They explain why the boundary between Arlington and
the District of Columbia runs along the Virginia shore of
the river and not in midstream, and why Roosevelt Island,
which lies nearer Arlington than to the District, is not a
part of Arlington. The Constitution of Virginia adopted in
1776 acknowledges this grant:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"The territory contained within the charters erecting the
colonies of Maryland … are hereby ceded, released,
and forever confirmed to the people of those colonies
…"<a href="#note8" name="noteref8"
class="fnanchor"><small>[8]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
Although at the time Charles I gave this grant to Lord
Baltimore Virginia was a Crown Colony and thus it could not
be contended that he was giving away lands he had no power
to cede since they already had been given to others, the
Maryland-Virginia boundary became a subject of controversy
as soon as the first Maryland settlers arrived, and has
continued so until almost the present time. Indeed, one
might say that the ghost has been laid only temporarily
since echoes of the dispute appear in today's newspapers:
"Maryland and Virginia Start New Round in Oyster
War"—"Pentagon Area a No Man's Land." These headlines
derive in a direct line from the grant of King Charles I to
Calvert, Lord Baltimore, in 1632.<a href="#note9"
name="noteref9" class="fnanchor"><small>[9]</small>
</a>
</p>
<p>
To leave, for a time, the Potomac boundary of Arlington,
let us turn to the narrowing of the boundaries of the
landward side of the County. In the development of
governmental administration, counties began to be created
in Virginia in mid-17th Century. The area which became
Arlington was successively in Northumberland, Westmoreland,
Stafford, Prince William, and finally, Fairfax counties.
(Map II.) Consequently, the history of land tenure and
legislation for Arlington must be sought in the records of
these counties for the relevant period.
</p>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/map2.jpg" alt="MAP II" width="600"
height="388">
</div>
<p class="caption">
MAP II
<br>
Development of Northern Neck Counties
</p>
<p class="ralign">
Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims
</p>
<p>
Northumberland County was definitely created in 1648 by an
Act of the General Assembly<a href="#note10"
name="noteref10" class="fnanchor"><small>[10]</small>
</a>
which provided
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"that the said tract of land ['Chickcoun and other parts of
the Neck of land between Rappahonock River and Potomack
River'] be hereafter called and knowne by the name of the
county of Northumberland...."
</p>
</div>
<p>
and was given power to elect Burgesses. A later Act<a
href="#note11" name="noteref11"
class="fnanchor"><small>[11]</small>
</a>
declared:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"<i>It is enacted</i>, That the inhabitants which are or
shall be seated on the south side of the Petomecke River
shall be included and are hereafter to be accompted within
the county of Northumberland."
</p>
</div>
<p>
Settlement was pushing north, however, and in July 1653,
Westmoreland was carved out of the then existing
Northumberland. It was decreed:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"ordered by this present Grand Assembly that the bounds of
the county of Westmorland be as followeth (vizt.) from
Machoactoke river where Mr. Cole lives: And so upwards to
the falls of the great river of Pawtomake above the
Necostins Towne."<a href="#note12" name="noteref12"
class="fnanchor"><small>[12]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
Conditions on the frontier, however, made it necessary in
1662 to unite Westmoreland and Northumberland counties for
administrative purposes "until otherwise ordered by the
governor."<a href="#note13" name="noteref13"
class="fnanchor"><small>[13]</small>
</a>
There is no record of the date of his later decision to
separate the two counties but he must have done so.
</p>
<p>
Similarly, there is no definite record of the establishment
of Stafford County. The first legislative reference to
Stafford is in an Act<a href="#note14" name="noteref14"
class="fnanchor"><small>[14]</small>
</a>
exempting the inhabitants of Stafford because of the
"newnesse of its ground" from a general requirement laid
upon counties to employ a weaver and set up a public loom.
In this year of 1666 Stafford sent a delegate to the
General Assembly. The County, however, must have been in
existence earlier since there is a record of the Stafford
County Court Book which on page one relates to a meeting of
the Court for the County on May 27, 1664.<a href="#note15"
name="noteref15" class="fnanchor"><small>[15]</small>
</a>
The boundaries of the County are nowhere set forth at this
early date, but that they encompassed the Arlington area is
clear from a direction of the Legislature in 1676 that a
fort be established "on Potomack river at or near John
Mathews in the county of Stafford."<a href="#note16"
name="noteref16" class="fnanchor"><small>[16]</small>
</a>
John Mathews' land was on the lower side of Great Hunting
Creek<a href="#note17" name="noteref17"
class="fnanchor"><small>[17]</small>
</a>
but there would have been no reason at that time to erect a
separate county to the north.
</p>
<p>
There were no further changes affecting the county within
which Arlington lay until 1730 when Prince William County
was formed. An Act of the General Assembly declared that
after March 25, 1731,
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"all the land, on the heads of the said counties [Stafford
and King George] above the Chopawansick Creek, on Patomack
river, and Deep run, on Rappahannock river and a southward
line to be made from the head of the north branch of the
said creek to the head of the said Deep run, be divided and
exempt from said counties … and be made a distinct
county, and shall be called and known by the name of Prince
William County."<a href="#note18" name="noteref18"
class="fnanchor"><small>[18]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
It was not many years until Fairfax County came into being:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… from and immediately after the first day of
December now next ensuing, the said county of Prince
William be divided into two counties: That is to say, all
that part thereof, lying on the south side of Occoquan, and
Bull Run; and from the head of the main branch of Bull Run,
by a straight course to the Thoroughfare of the Blue Ridge
of mountains, known by the name of Ashby's Gap or Bent,
shall be one distinct county, and retain the name of Prince
William County: And be one distinct parish, and retain the
name of Hamilton parish. And all that other part thereof,
consisting of the parish of Truro, shall be one other
distinct county, and called and known by the name of
Fairfax county...."<a href="#note19" name="noteref19"
class="fnanchor"><small>[19]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
Thus from December 1742 until the District of Columbia was
formally organized by Act of Congress (February 27, 1801)
what is now Arlington was part of Fairfax County.
</p>
<a name="3">
</a>
<p class="head">
<i>
1789-1847
</i>
</p>
<p>
Maryland and Virginia had agreed to meet in 1785 to discuss
the controversy over the navigation of the Potomac and
their joint boundary. The Commissioners who took part in
this meeting did more than draw up a compact subsequently
ratified by their respective States. From this meeting
eventually came the call for the convention which resulted
in the Constitution of the United States and the decision
to set aside a tract of land ten miles square for the seat
of the Federal Government.
</p>
<p>
The Maryland-Virginia compact on the Potomac was signed on
March 28, 1785, and confirmed by the General Assembly of
Virginia in 1786.<a href="#note20" name="noteref20"
class="fnanchor"><small>[20]</small>
</a>
Although it was designed primarily to settle navigation and
fishing rights, its seventh section provided: "The citizens
of each State, respectively, shall have full property
rights in the shores of Patowmack river adjoining their
land...." This has been interpreted to mean property rights
to low water mark. The dispute over this point became of
significance in the 20th Century with the construction of
the National Airport and the Pentagon Building.
</p>
<p>
Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution of the United
States gives the Congress power to accept a territory not
exceeding ten miles square to be set aside as the seat of
the Federal Government. The story of the compromise which
led to the selection of a site on the Potomac is told in
all the history books.<a href="#note21" name="noteref21"
class="fnanchor"><small>[21]</small>
</a>
These, however, rarely give the details of how the exact
area which became the District of Columbia came to be
chosen.
</p>
<p>
In 1789, the Virginia legislature adopted an Act<a
href="#note22" name="noteref22"
class="fnanchor"><small>[22]</small>
</a>
offering to cede "ten miles square, or any lesser Quantity
of Territory within the State" to the United States for the
permanent seat of the general government. Section I of this
Act recited the motive: "Whereas the equal and common
benefits resulting from the administration of the general
government will be best diffused, and its operation become
more prompt and certain, by establishing such a situation
for the seat of the said government, as will be most
central and convenient to the citizens of the United States
at large, having regard as well to population, extent of
territory, and a free navigation to the Atlantic Ocean,
through the Chesapeake bay, as to the most direct and ready
communication with our fellow citizens in the western
frontier; and whereas it appears to this Assembly that a
situation combining all considerations and advantages
before recited, may be had on the banks of the river
Patowmack, above tide water, in a country rich and fertile
in soil, healthy and salubrious in climate, and abounding
in all the necessaries and conveniences of life, where in a
location of ten miles square, if the wisdom of Congress
shall so direct, the States of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and
Virginia may participate in such location."
</p>
<p>
It is clear from the inclusion of Pennsylvania as one of
the participating States, and the reference to "above tide
water" that the Virginia legislators of those days had in
mind a tract somewhat higher up the river than that which
was eventually chosen. Indeed, the first Act of Congress<a
href="#note23" name="noteref23"
class="fnanchor"><small>[23]</small>
</a>
dealing with this subject set the limits within which the
Federal District was to be established "on the river
Potomac, at some place between the mouths of the Eastern
Branch and Connogochegue" (a tributary of the Potomac some
20 miles south of the Pennsylvania State line) and
authorized the President to appoint three commissioners to
survey and "by proper metes and bounds" define and limit
the district to be accepted by the Congress.
</p>
<p>
By a proclamation of January 24, 1791,<a href="#note24"
name="noteref24" class="fnanchor"><small>[24]</small>
</a>
President Washington directed that a survey should be made.
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… after duly examining and weighing the advantages
and disadvantages of the several situations within the
limits aforesaid, I do hereby declare and make known that
the location of one part of the said district of 10 miles
square shall be found by running four lines of experiment
in the following manner, that is to say: Running from the
court-house of Alexandria, in Virginia, due southwest half
a mile, and thence a due southeast course till it shall
strike Hunting Creek, to fix the beginning of the said four
lines of experiment.
</p>
<p>
"Then beginning the first of the said four lines of
experiment at the point on Hunting Creek where the said
southeast course shall have struck the same, and running to
the said first line due northwest 10 miles; thence the
second line into Maryland due northeast 10 miles; thence
the third line due southeast 10 miles, and thence the
fourth line due southwest 10 miles to the beginning on
Hunting Creek."
</p>
</div>
<p>
Since the tract thus specified did not lie within the
limits set by the Act of July 1790, the Congress was asked
to authorize the moving of the southern boundary point of
the "ten miles square" farther south to include the Eastern
Branch and the town of Alexandria. Accordingly, the Act of
July 16, 1790, was amended by an Act approved March 3,
1791:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… it shall be lawful for the President to make any
part of the territory below the said limit [the confluence
of the Eastern Branch with the Potomac] and above the mouth
of Hunting Creek, a part of said district, so as to include
a convenient part of the Eastern Branch, and of the lands
lying on the lower side thereof and also the town of
Alexandria...."
</p>
</div>
<p>
No time was lost in establishing definite boundaries for
the new district, and on March 30, 1791, President
Washington issued a proclamation declaring
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"that the whole of the said territory shall be located and
included within the four lines following, that is to say:
</p>
<p>
"Beginning at Jones's Point, being the upper cape of
Hunting Creek, in Virginia, and at an angle in the outset
of 45 degrees west of the north, and running in a direct
line 10 miles for the first line; then beginning again at
the same Jones's Point and running another direct line at a
right angle with the first across the Potomac 10 miles for
the second line; then from the termination of the said
first and second lines running two other direct lines of 10
miles each, the one crossing the Eastern Branch aforesaid
and the other the Potomac, and meeting each other in a
point.
</p>
<p>
"… and the territory so to be located, defined, and
limited shall be the whole territory accepted by the said
acts of Congress as the district for the permanent seat of
the Government of the United States."<a href="#note25"
name="noteref25" class="fnanchor"><small>[25]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The cornerstone was set at Jones Point, on the bank of the
Potomac below Alexandria, on April 15, 1791. Many of the
original stones, set at intervals of one mile along the
boundary, are still in place though badly showing the
effects of time.<a href="#note26" name="noteref26"
class="fnanchor"><small>[26]</small>
</a>
The stone referred to earlier—at the northwest corner
of present Arlington County—is chipped and almost
overgrown by the great oak tree near which it was placed. A
small tract surround this stone has been set aside as a
public park, jointly owned by the City of Falls Church and
the counties of Arlington and Fairfax.
</p>
<p>
It is interesting that the Acts of Congress setting up the
District of Columbia should have specified that no public
buildings were to be erected on the Virginia side of the
Potomac.<a href="#note27" name="noteref27"
class="fnanchor"><small>[27]</small>
</a>
The Act of 1790 empowered the commissioners to buy or
accept the gift of land for the site of public buildings
only on the eastern side of the Potomac. The Act of 1791
made this limitation more explicit:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… nothing herein contained, shall authorize the
erection of public buildings otherwise than on the Maryland
side of the river Potomac."
</p>
</div>
<p>
It is curious that this should have been so since the
General Assembly of Virginia in 1789 followed its Act
ceding territory for the formation of a Federal District by
a joint resolution promising to appropriate not less than
$120,000 (a considerable sum in those days) for public
buildings in this territory if Maryland would put up an
amount not less than three-fifths as much. The fact that
there were no Federal office buildings on the Virginia side
of the Potomac was used as an argument for the retrocession
of this area in mid-19th Century.
</p>
<p>
The compromise which had resulted in the selection of the
Potomac as the site of the Federal District included an
agreement that the seat of the Government should be in
Philadelphia for a period of ten years. Accordingly, it was
not until 1800 that the Congress and Government offices
were moved to the City of Washington in the District of
Columbia.
</p>
<p>
Almost from the beginning there was dissatisfaction among
the inhabitants of Alexandria County at being part of the
District of Columbia. This sentiment crystallized in 1846
when the General Assembly adopted an Act<a href="#note28"
name="noteref28" class="fnanchor"><small>[28]</small>
</a>
expressing the willingness of Virginia to accept the
territory should the Congress re-cede it. A petition was
presented to the Congress by the residents requesting that
this be done. The petition was referred to the Committee on
the District which reported:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"The experience of more than forty years seems to have
demonstrated that the cession of the county and town of
Alexandria was unnecessary for any of the purposes of a
seat of government, mischievous to the interests of the
State at large, and especially injurious to the people of
that portion which was ceded by Virginia."<a href="#note29"
name="noteref29" class="fnanchor"><small>[29]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
Accordingly, a bill was introduced to turn back to Virginia
the area ceded by it in 1789. After considerable debate as
to its constitutionality, the bill was enacted on July 9,
1846. It stipulated that the retrocession should be
contingent upon a referendum among the people of the area
in question. The referendum was held<a href="#note30"
name="noteref30" class="fnanchor"><small>[30]</small>
</a>
and the vote was 763 for and 222 against retrocession.
</p>
<p>
On September 7, 1846, President Polk announced the results
of the referendum and called "upon all and singular the
persons whom it doth or may concern to take notice that the
act aforesaid [of July 9, 1846] 'is in full force and
effect.'"<a href="#note31" name="noteref31"
class="fnanchor"><small>[31]</small>
</a>
It was not until the next year, however, that Virginia got
around to extending its jurisdiction over the "county of
Alexandria." On March 13, 1847, "An Act to extend the
jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of Virginia over the
county of Alexandria" was passed. It stated:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… The territory comprising the county of Alexandria
in the District of Columbia heretofore ceded by this
Commonwealth to the United States and by an Act of Congress
of July 9, 1846, retroceded to Virginia and by it accepted
shall be an integral portion of the Commonwealth."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The Act provided that after March 20, 1847, the laws of
Virginia were to be in force in this territory, and went
on:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"That the territory so retroceded and accepted, comprising
the county of Alexandria, shall constitute a new county,
retaining the name of the county of Alexandria, the court-
house whereof shall be in the Town of Alexandria where the
courts now sit...."<a href="#note32" name="noteref32"
class="fnanchor"><small>[32]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
Tentative efforts have been made from time to time to re-
annex this area to the District of Columbia. It was on one
such occasion, in 1865, that a "Remonstrance of the Mayor
and Citizens of Alexandria against the Bill to annex the
city and county of Alexandria to the District of Columbia"
concluded that "Annexation to the District at this time is
repugnant to the feelings and wishes and would be ruinous
to the interests of the people of Alexandria."
</p>
<a name="14">
</a>
<p class="head">
<i>
Arlington's Boundary with the City of Alexandria
</i>
</p>
<p>
Until 1870, Alexandria, first as a Town and, after 1852 as
a City, was geographically part of the County of
Alexandria. However, its boundaries must be considered from
the beginning because all Acts extending the area of the
Town were made in reference to the pre-existing limits. It
is impossible to comprehend the effect of any given change
without tracing the boundaries back to—or forward
from—the beginning. (Map III.)
</p>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/map1.jpg" alt="MAP III" width="355"
height="500">
</div>
<p class="caption">
MAP III
<br>
Boundaries of the Town and City of Alexandria 1749 to 1915
</p>
<p class="ralign">
Drafted by W.B. Allison and B. Sims
</p>
<p>
In 1748, a charter was issued to a group of trustees to
establish a Town
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"covering 60 acres of land, parcel of the lands of Philip
Alexander, John Alexander, and Hugh West, situate, lying
and being on the south side of Potomac River about the
mouth of Great Hunting Creek and in the county of Fairfax
… beginning at the mouth of the first branch above
the warehouse, and extending down the meanders of the said
River Potomac to a point called Middle Point, and thence
down the said river ten poles; and from thence by a line
parallel to the dividing line between John Alexander's land
and Philip Alexander, and back into the woods for the
quantity aforesaid."<a href="#note33" name="noteref33"
class="fnanchor"><small>[33]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The land was surveyed and lots sold by auction in July
1749. A map with a notation of the purchasers was made by
George Washington,<a href="#note1" name="noteref34"
class="fnanchor"><small>[34]</small>
</a>
at that time a boy of seventeen. On the north, the lots lay
along the north side of Oronoco Street, one block below
Water Street (later Lee; at that time it was interrupted
between Queen and King Streets by the shore line of the
River), and on the south, lots were laid off on the south
side of Duke Street. The Potomac with its bend between
Oronoco and the south side of Prince Street, formed the
eastern boundary, while the western was a line of lots on
the west side of Royal Street. There were 84 lots in all,
four to a block for the most part except for the northwest
portion where a stream, rising on Pitt Street between
Cameron and Queen, drained into the Potomac north of
Oronoco Street. This is the "first branch above the
warehouse" referred to in the charter.
</p>
<p>
The first increment came in 1762 when the General Assembly
passed "An Act for enlarging the town of Alexandria in the
county of Fairfax."<a href="#note35" name="noteref35"
class="fnanchor"><small>[35]</small>
</a>
On the ground that all of the lots included within the
bounds of the town had been built on except for some lying
in low wet marsh, this Act included in Alexandria the
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… lands of Baldwin Dade, Sibel West, John Alexander
the elder and John Alexander the younger which lie
contiguous to the said town … beginning at the corner
of the lot denoted in the plan of said town by the figures
77 [at the south side of Duke St., three lots from its
intersection with Water (Lee) Street] on the said river
Potowmack, at the lower end of the said town, and to extend
thence down the said river the breadth of two half acres,
and one street thence back into the fields, by a line
parallel to the lower line of the said town, such a
distance as to include ten half acre lots and four streets;
thence by a line parallel with the present back line of the
said town to the extent of seventeen half acre lots and
eight streets, and from thence by a line at right angles
with the last to the river."
</p>
</div>
<p>
Until 1779 the Town of Alexandria had had no formal
government, being managed by a Board of Trustees whose
interest was primarily in the sale of land. In that year,
however, the Town was incorporated by the General Assembly
with provision for a Mayor, Council, and other officials.
The charter<a href="#note36" name="noteref36"
class="fnanchor"><small>[36]</small>
</a>
made no mention of boundaries except to give the town
authorities jurisdiction over the territory within a half
mile of the town limits. Another Act<a href="#note37"
name="noteref37" class="fnanchor"><small>[37]</small>
</a>
adopted at the same session stated that lots had been laid
off by John Alexander adjacent to the town in 1774 and sold
with the stipulation that they be built on within two
years. Because of the difficulty of obtaining building
materials due to wartime conditions not all the purchasers
had been able to meet this requirement. The Act extended
the period within which building on these lots was required
to two years
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"after the end of the present war … and the same are
hereby annexed to and made part of the said town of
Alexandria."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The width and direction of the streets to be laid off in
the area surrounding the Town was regulated by an Act of
1785,<a href="#note38" name="noteref38"
class="fnanchor"><small>[38]</small>
</a>
but this did not extend the actual town limits. The area
affected was described as:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning at Great Hunting Creek and running parallel with
Fairfax street to four mile run or creek so as to intersect
King street when extended one mile west of the courthouse,
thence eastwardly down the said creek or run to its
confluence with the Potomac river, thence southwardly down
the said river to the mouth of Great Hunting Creek...."
</p>
</div>
<p>
In the next year, however, the Legislature provided
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"That the limits of the town of Alexandria shall extend to
and include as well the lots formerly composing the said
town, as those adjoining thereto which have been and are
improved."<a href="#note39" name="noteref39"
class="fnanchor"><small>[39]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The town was still growing, and ten years later the General
Assembly again extended its legal limits.
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Whereas several additions of lots contiguous to the town
of Alexandria have been laid off by the proprietors of the
land in lots of half an acre each extending to the north
that range of lots upon the north side of a street called
Montgomery; upon the south, to the line of the District of
Columbia [this line had been surveyed but Alexandria had
not yet been incorporated in the District] upon the west,
to a range of lots upon the west side of West street, and
upon the east to the river Patowmac; that many of the lots
in those additions have already been built upon, and many
more will so be improved; and whereas it has been
represented to the General Assembly that the inhabitants
residing on said lots are not subject to the regulations
made and established for the orderly government of the town
and for the preservation of the health of the inhabitants,
by the prevention and removal of nuisances, upon which
their property and well being does very much depend:
</p>
<p>
"1.
<i>
Be it Therefore Enacted</i>: That each and every lot or
part of a lot within the aforesaid limits, on which at this
time is built a dwelling house of at least 16 feet square,
or equal thereto in size, with a brick or stone chimney and
that each and every lot within said limits which shall
hereafter be so built upon, shall be incorporated with the
said town of Alexandria and considered as part thereof."<a
href="#note40" name="noteref40"
class="fnanchor"><small>[40]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
The following year this Act was amended<a href="#note41"
name="noteref41" class="fnanchor"><small>[41]</small>
</a>
to include unimproved lots since their development was
being hindered by the exclusion. These were the boundaries
of the Town when it became part of the District of
Columbia. They remained unchanged for nearly half a century
thereafter. The charter for the town adopted by the
Congress on February 25, 1804,<a href="#note42"
name="noteref42" class="fnanchor"><small>[42]</small>
</a>
specified that the limits should be those prescribed by the
Acts of Virginia. The jurisdiction of the town officials,
however, was extended to the
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"house lately built in the vicinity of the town for the
accommodation of the poor and others"
</p>
</div>
<p>
and over the ten acres of ground surrounding the poor
house. This is at what is now Monroe Street and Jefferson
Davis Highway. Although the Charter was amended several
times while Alexandria was in the District, no changes were
made in the Town boundaries.
</p>
<p>
After the retrocession of "the county and town of
Alexandria" (v.s., p. 13) not only were the boundaries
changed, but the Town was chartered as a City. Section 22
of the new charter<a href="#note43" name="noteref43"
class="fnanchor"><small>[43]</small>
</a>
provided:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"The line of the City of Alexandria shall be extended on
the north and west as follows: Beginning in the Potomac
River at a point distant northerly in the direction of
Fairfax Street four hundred nineteen feet and two inches
from the north line of the present corporate limits of the
town of Alexandria in said river, and running thence
westerly, parallel with said north line, to a point at
which it would intersect the present western line if
extended north four hundred nineteen feet and ten inches;
thence southwesterly with the present western line but the
said city council shall have authority to make such police
and sanitary regulations of the territory reaching ten feet
west of the western bank of Hooff's or Mushpot Run; then
parallel to and at that distance from said run to the line
dividing Alexandria from Fairfax county; then southeasterly
with said dividing line to the present southwest corner of
the said town of Alexandria."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The next year the Charter was amended,<a href="#note44"
name="noteref44" class="fnanchor"><small>[44]</small>
</a>
again altering the boundaries:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning in the Potomac river at a point distant
northwardly in the direction of Fairfax street four hundred
and nineteen feet and two inches from the present north
line of the corporate limits of the town in said river, and
running westerly parallel to said north line to intersect
the west line of said limits produced northwardly four
hundred and nineteen feet and two inches; thence
southwardly with said west line produced to the northwest
corner of the said limits; thence eastwardly with the said
north line into the river; then northwardly to the
beginning: Beginning again at the intersection of the
northwestern line of said limits with the north line of
Cameron street; then southwardly with said western line, to
the county line; then northwardly with the county line to
the point where it intersects the brick wall on the south
side of the Little River Turnpike road; then northwardly by
a straight line to the east corner of John Hooff's lot on
the south side of King street extended; then crossing King
street extended to the west corner of the lot of the late
Col. Francis Peyton; then with the west line of said lot
and the course thereof to the north line of Cameron street
extended; then by a straight line to the beginning."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The next addition came in 1858<a href="#note45"
name="noteref45" class="fnanchor"><small>[45]</small>
</a>
when the boundaries were described as:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning in the Potomac River, at a point distant
northerly, in the direction of Fairfax Street five hundred
and ninety five feet and nine inches from the north line of
Montgomery street, as now established in said city, and
extended into said river; and running thence westerly and
parallel with said north line to a point at which this
course will intersect a line one hundred twenty three feet
and five inches west of and running parallel to the western
line of West street as now established, when extended;
thence southerly parallel with West street, to the north
line of Cameron street as now established; thence westerly
in the direction of the north line of Cameron street
extended, to a point in a line with the west line of the
lot of the late Francis Peyton, on which he resided; thence
southerly, parallel with West street, to the south line of
King street, extended; thence in a straight line to a point
in the line dividing the county of Fairfax and Alexandria
from each other, ten feet west of Hoof's Run; thence
southerly, parallel to, and distant 10 feet from Hoof's Run
to the middle of Hunting Creek thence with the middle of
Hunting Creek into the Potomac River; then up the said
river to the beginning."
</p>
</div>
<p>
This line remained in effect until January 27, 1865, when
an amendment to the charter<a href="#note46"
name="noteref46" class="fnanchor"><small>[46]</small>
</a>
withdrew from the jurisdiction of the city all the
territory in Fairfax county (bounded by the old District
line, Hooff's Run and Hunting Creek) which had been added
to the town by the charter of 1858. The next year, on
January 25, 1866, the General Assembly rescinded this
action and restored the boundaries of 1858.<a
href="#note47" name="noteref47"
class="fnanchor"><small>[47]</small>
</a>
A further change occurred in this area on February 20,
1871, when the last part of the description was changed to
read:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"… to a point in the line dividing the county of
Fairfax and Alexandria from each other, ten feet west of
Hooff's Run; thence southerly with the said line into the
Potomac River; thence up said river to the beginning."<a
href="#note48" name="noteref48"
class="fnanchor"><small>[48]</small>
</a>
</p>
</div>
<p>
A major change occurred on May 1, 1870, when the City of
Alexandria was excluded from the County. This came about
through the implementation of an Act of the Assembly<a
href="#note49" name="noteref49"
class="fnanchor"><small>[49]</small>
</a>
following the adoption of a new Virginia Constitution in
1869. In delineating the magisterial districts into which
counties were to be divided it was provided that "no part
of any town or city having a separate organization, or a
population of five thousand or more inhabitants, shall be
embraced." Alexandria was such a city and thereafter was
independent of as well as outside of the County.
</p>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/map4.jpg" alt="MAP IV" width="341"
height="500">
</div>
<p class="caption">
MAP IV
<br>
Areas Annexed by the City of Alexandria in 1915 and 1929
</p>
<p class="ralign">
Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims
</p>
<p>
There were no further legislative changes in the boundaries
of the City of Alexandria after 1871. In 1915, however, the
Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia, reversed a decision
of the Circuit Court of Alexandria County given on January
13, 1913. The City Council of Alexandria had sought to
annex adjoining territory from both Fairfax and Alexandria
counties and had been opposed by the authorities of those
counties who had been upheld by the Circuit Court. The
Order of the Supreme Court of Appeals<a href="#note50"
name="noteref50" class="fnanchor"><small>[50]</small>
</a>
transferred 866 acres from Arlington and 450 acres from
Fairfax to Alexandria.
</p>
<p>
This annexation took effect on April 1, 1915. Once more
thereafter Arlington County—as it became known after
1920<a href="#note51" name="noteref51"
class="fnanchor"><small>[51]</small></a>—was to lose
territory to the City of Alexandria. This was in 1929 when
a decision of the Supreme Court of Appeals<a href="#note52"
name="noteref52" class="fnanchor"><small>[52]</small>
</a>
rendered May 4, 1929, found in favor of the City of
Alexandria which had begun annexation proceedings in
December 1927.
</p>
<p>
The Court held that "it is necessary and expedient that the
corporate limits of the City of Alexandria should be
extended" and that "the territory to be annexed from
Arlington County is a reasonably compact body of land and
contains no land which is not adapted to city improvement,
and the Court being also of the opinion that no land is
included which the City will not need in the reasonably
near future for development …"
</p>
<p>
The Court ordered the annexation<a href="#note53"
name="noteref53" class="fnanchor"><small>[53]</small>
</a>
to take effect on December 31, 1929. The line thus
established remained in effect until January 1, 1966.
</p>
<p>
This was the last annexation of territory from Arlington
County. A special provision of the Act<a href="#note54"
name="noteref54" class="fnanchor"><small>[54]</small>
</a>
establishing the County Manager plan of government, adopted
by Arlington in 1930, effective January 1, 1932, prevents
the annexation of any
<i>
part
</i>
of the County (but permits annexation of the
<i>
entire
</i>
County after referendum). In 1938, as a further precaution,
the legislative delegation representing Arlington County
succeeded in having the General Assembly enact a law<a
href="#note55" name="noteref55"
class="fnanchor"><small>[55]</small>
</a>
which prohibits the annexation of territory from any county
which would result in reducing the area of that county to
less than 60 square miles of highland. Since Arlington has
less than 26 square miles, this Act effectively checks any
further such encroachments upon its territory.
</p>
<p>
Development on both sides of the 1929 boundary line,
construction of streets and notably of the Henry G. Shirley
Memorial Highway—and especially changes in the
channel of Four Mile Run—eventually brought
dissatisfaction with that line. In 1962, the Arlington and
Alexandria legislative delegations secured enactment by the
General Assembly of an Act<a href="#note56"
name="noteref56" class="fnanchor"><small>[56]</small>
</a>
permitting an adjustment in the boundary to be concluded by
mutual agreement between the governing bodies of the County
and the City, the agreement to be recorded in the Clerk's
Office of both jurisdictions.
</p>
<p>
Negotiations began after the area affected had been
surveyed and the private property which might be the
subject of exchange had been appraised. Impetus was given
by the need of Arlington for land in connection with
enlargement of the County sewage treatment facilities; this
land, although on the North side of Four Mile Run fell in
Alexandria. Finally, the Arlington County Board gave
approval in principle to a draft proposal on April 10,
1965,<a href="#note57" name="noteref57"
class="fnanchor"><small>[57]</small>
</a>
and on April 13, 1965, the Alexandria City Council followed
suit. A public hearing was held on May 5, 1965, but final
action was deferred pending refinement of the proposal. In
December 1965, the final agreement was recorded<a
href="#note58" name="noteref58"
class="fnanchor"><small>[58]</small>
</a>
and the transfer of certain publicly owned property
approved by the Circuit Court. The net gain to Arlington's
area was 167 acres.
</p>
<p>
This procedure for rectifying boundaries between a County
and a City is highly unusual in the Virginia experience.
</p>
<a name="24">
</a>
<p class="head">
<i>
Arlington's Boundary with the District of Columbia
</i>
</p>
<p>
No definite effort was made at the time of the recession of
Alexandria County to Virginia to draw a boundary line
between the County and the remaining portion of the
District of Columbia. As noted above, the various acts
bringing about the recession referred only to "the
territory heretofore ceded by the Commonwealth of
Virginia." The actual boundary was of small moment at the
time.
</p>
<p>
Toward the end of the 19th Century, however, the United
States Government acquired lands on the Virginia shore of
the Potomac largely through the purchase of the Arlington
estate. As the 20th Century progressed, roads (notably the
Mount Vernon Boulevard and later the George Washington
Memorial Parkway) were constructed, bridges and bridge
approaches built and, eventually, the Federal Government
undertook to construct the National Airport at Gravelly
Point below Alexander's Island. A suit<a href="#note59"
name="noteref59" class="fnanchor"><small>[59]</small>
</a>
over government activity in making a land fill raised
questions as to the exact location of the
boundary—and indeed as to whether Alexander's Island
really was an island or was a peninsula. This case, decided
by the U.S. Supreme Court on May 4, 1931, set the boundary
line between the District of Columbia and Virginia at the
high water mark of the Potomac on the Virginia shore as it
existed in 1791.
</p>
<p>
But where had that high water mark been? There had been no
survey at the time; the shore line had never been marked;
and even had it been, the passage of time had made many
changes in the river front.<a href="#note60"
name="noteref60" class="fnanchor"><small>[60]</small>
</a>
A Commission was established<a href="#note61"
name="noteref61" class="fnanchor"><small>[61]</small></a>to
deal with this question. The instructions to this
Commission were to take into consideration the decisions of
the Supreme Court of the United States, the findings and
report of the Maryland-Virginia Commission of 1877<a
href="#note62" name="noteref62"
class="fnanchor"><small>[62]</small>
</a>
and the Maryland-Virginia compact of 1785.<a href="#note63"
name="noteref63" class="fnanchor"><small>[63]</small>
</a>
</p>
<p>
The Commission accumulated a large volume of testimony and
exhibits and completed its report<a href="#note64"
name="noteref64" class="fnanchor"><small>[64]</small>
</a>
in 1935. It found that the "fair and proper boundary is the
low water mark on the Virginia shore running from headland
to headland across creeks and inlets." It pointed out that
inasmuch as the mark of 1791 could not be determined the
low water mark should be accepted as of this day. It
suggested that an exception be made at Roaches Run where
the line should run 150 feet west of and parallel to the
west line of the Mount Vernon Boulevard.
</p>
<p>
Several bills<a href="#note65" name="noteref65"
class="fnanchor"><small>[65]</small>
</a>
were introduced into Congress to give effect to the
decision of the Commission but none was enacted at this
time. The completion of the Airport and the Pentagon
Building gave urgency to the problem: conflicts of
jurisdiction hampered law enforcement and complicated the
question of tax collection. Moreover, Virginia was anxious
to insure that the liquor control laws of the State and not
those of the District of Columbia should be in effect at
the National Airport. In 1942, the General Assembly had
adopted an Act<a href="#note66" name="noteref66"
class="fnanchor"><small>[66]</small>
</a>
covering the boundary question, on the assumption that the
bill then pending in Congress would be passed. Disagreement
over the details of the jurisdiction to be ceded and
accepted by Virginia and the United States Government
prevented passage of a Federal Act until 1945 when Public
Law 208 was enacted by the 79th Congress. This was followed
by an Act<a href="#note67" name="noteref67"
class="fnanchor"><small>[67]</small>
</a>
of the Virginia General Assembly repealing the 1942 Act and
ratifying the 1945 Federal Act.
</p>
<p>
This law is in effect today. It provides that the boundary
line
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"shall begin at a point where the northwest boundary of the
District of Columbia intercepts the high-water mark of the
Virginia shore of the Potomac River and following the
present mean high-water mark; thence in a southeasterly
direction along the Virginia shore of the Potomac River to
Little River, along the Virginia shore of Little River to
Boundary Channel, along the Virginia side of Boundary
Channel to the main body of the Potomac River, along the
Virginia side of the Potomac River across the mouths of all
tributaries affected by the tides of the river to Second
Street, Alexandria, Virginia, from Second Street to the
present established pierhead line, and following said
pierhead line to its connection with the District of
Columbia-Maryland boundary line; that whenever said mean
high-watermark on the Virginia shore is altered by
artificial fill and excavations made by the United States,
or by alluvion or erosion, then the boundary shall follow
the new mean high-water mark on the Virginia shore as
altered, or whenever the location of the pierhead line
along the Alexandria water front is altered, then the
boundary shall follow the new location of the pierhead
line."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The Act also provided that all the land on the Virginia
side of the Potomac lying between the boundary line as now
adopted and the mean high water mark as it existed on
January 24, 1791 (wherever that was!) should be ceded to
the State of Virginia. The United States, however, reserved
concurrent jurisdiction over this area.
</p>
<p>
Here the matter rests very uneasily today. The exact line
was surveyed, monumented, and mapped by the U.S. Coast and
Geodetic Survey over the years 1946-1947.<a href="#note68"
name="noteref68" class="fnanchor"><small>[68]</small>
</a>
However, the working agreements reached by the law
enforcement officials of the various jurisdictions
concerned have not always proven satisfactory. The long
history of the location of the Potomac River boundary of
Arlington County cannot yet be said to have reached its
end.
</p>
<a name="27">
</a>
<p class="head">
<i>
Postscript—Towns in Arlington County
</i>
</p>
<p>
Of the three towns which have lain within Arlington County,
the only one whose limits have been of importance to the
territorial extent of the County is Alexandria.
Nonetheless, to complete the record, some mention should be
made of the Town of Potomac and the Town of Falls Church,
the first of which lay wholly within Arlington, and the
second, partly so.
</p>
<p>
Falls Church is the older town. It was chartered by the
General Assembly on March 30, 1875.<a href="#note69"
name="noteref69" class="fnanchor"><small>[69]</small>
</a>
The charter set forth the boundaries as:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning at the corner of Alexandria and Fairfax Counties
on J. C. DePutron's farm; thence to the corner of W. H.
Ellison and Koon [sic] on D. H. Barrett's line; thence to
the corner of Sewell and Hollidge, on the new cut road;
thence to the corner of J. E. Birch and H. J. England, on
the Falls Church and Fairfax Courthouse road; thence to a
stone in the road being a corner of B. F. Shreve, Newton,
and others; thence to the crossing of the Alexandria and
Georgetown roads at Taylor's corners; thence along the line
of said Georgetown road to the corner of Samuel Shreve and
John Febrey; thence to a pin oak tree near Dr. L. E. Gott's
spring; thence to the northeast corner of John Brown's
barn; thence to the crossing of Isaac Crossmun's and
Bowen's line on the Chain Bridge Road; thence to the place
of beginning."
</p>
</div>
<div class="figcenter">
<img src="images/map5.jpg" alt="MAP V" width="328"
height="500">
</div>
<p class="caption">
MAP V
<br>
The Towns of Falls Church and Potomac in Arlington County
</p>
<p class="ralign">
Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims
</p>
<p>
After Arlington adopted the County Manager form of
government, the residents of so much of the Town of Falls
Church as lay within Arlington County (Map V) sought to
have the charter amended to reduce the limits of the Town
to that portion which lay in Fairfax. An action was brought
on July 7, 1932, and the Circuit Court granted the petition
on January 17, 1935.<a href="#note70" name="noteref70"
class="fnanchor"><small>[70]</small>
</a>
This decision was appealed, however, and it was not until
the next year (April 30, 1936) that the order went into
effect,<a href="#note71" name="noteref71"
class="fnanchor"><small>[71]</small>
</a>
after the lower court had been upheld by the Virginia
Supreme Court of Appeals.
</p>
<p>
The area affected by the order is described as:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning at a large planted stone on the estate of the
late J. C. DePutron, at the original western corner of the
District of Columbia, which is also at the corner of
Fairfax and Arlington counties, and at the corner of the
Town of Falls Church; thence with the boundary of said Town
S. 83° 155′ E. 2,404 feet more or less, to a
planted stone in the center of Little Falls Street also
called the Chain Bridge Road, at a point at which said
street is intersected by the boundary of the land formerly
known as the Bowen tract; thence with the boundary of said
Town S. 49° 15′ E. 3,482 feet, more or less, to
a planted granite stone at a point which formerly marked
the northeast corner of John Brown's barn; thence with the
boundary of said Town S. 28° 45′ E. 2,410 feet,
more or less, to a point at which there formerly stood a
large pin oak on the Gott tract; thence with the boundary
of the said Town S. 4° 15′ W. to the boundary
between Fairfax and Arlington counties; thence with the
said boundary in a northwesterly direction to the place of
beginning."
</p>
</div>
<p>
The Town of Potomac was chartered by the General Assembly
in 1908.<a href="#note72" name="noteref72"
class="fnanchor"><small>[72]</small>
</a>
Its boundaries (Map V) were described as:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning at the north intersection of Bellefont Avenue in
the subdivision of 'Del Ray' with the Washington and
Alexandria Turnpike, thence northerly along the west line
of the Turnpike to the old Georgetown Road, the northern
boundary of the subdivision of St. Elmo; thence westerly
along the south side of the Georgetown Road to the dividing
line of Susan P. A. Calvert and Charles E. Wood; thence
with the line of Calvert and Wood to the west line of the
Washington, Alexandria and Mt. Vernon R.R. Co., to its
intersection with Lloyd's Lane and Bellefont Avenue to the
beginning."
</p>
</div>
<p>
All this area was included in the annexation to Alexandria
which was effected in 1929 (cf. p. 23).
</p>
<p>
One proposed town deserves mention. In 1920 a group of
citizens petitioned the Circuit Court for a town charter
for Clarendon. The Court denied the petition. Upon appeal,
the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia upheld the lower
court, declaring that all of Arlington County was a
"continuous, contiguous, and homogeneous community" and as
such should not be subjected to subdivision for the purpose
of incorporating a town.<a href="#note73" name="noteref73"
class="fnanchor"><small>[73]</small>
</a>
Since Arlington is even more a "continuous, contiguous, and
homogeneous" community than it was in 1922 there is no
prospect that ever again will there be a town within the
bounds of the County.
</p>
<a name="appendix">
</a>
<p class="chapter">
APPENDIX
</p>
<p class="head">
<i>
Annexation of 1915
</i>
</p>
<p>
Text of the order of the Supreme Court of Appeals setting
the area to be annexed by Alexandria as of April 1, 1915:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"1st. That the following territory in Fairfax County be,
and the same is hereby annexed to the City of Alexandria,
to wit:—Beginning at a point in mid-channel of
Hunting Creek southward of Alexandria Water Company's
pumping station with the east side of a lane, called
Robert's Lane; running thence northwardly with the east
line of said Lane, extended, and with the east line of said
Lane to the south side of the Little River Turnpike; thence
across the Little River Turnpike in the same direction to
the extreme west corner of Shooter's Hill section of George
Washington Park sub-division; thence with the west boundary
of said Shooter's Hill section to the corner of said
Shooter's Hill section and Section No. 2 of said sub-
division; thence with the west boundary of said Section No.
2 of said sub-division to a point on the south side of
Janney's Road fifty (50) feet west from the intersection of
the south side of Janney's Road and the west side of the
Leesburg Turnpike; thence continuing to about 25 degrees
east to the old District of Columbia line, being the
dividing line between said Fairfax County and Alexandria
County; and thence southwestwardly with the said old
District line to Jones Point on the Potomac River; thence
southwardly down the said River to the mid-channel of
Hunting Creek: thence with the meanderings of the mid-
channel of Hunting Creek up stream, to the point of
beginning.... 2nd. That the following described territory
in Alexandria County be, and the same is, hereby annexed to
the City of Alexandria: Beginning at the northwest corner
of the present city boundary, and extended said line
westwardly, in the same course until it intersects with the
north side of the Braddock Road; thence southwardly, to the
Old District line at the northwest corner of the land
annexed from Fairfax County; thence with the said old
District line southeastwardly to the southwest corner of
the present city boundary about twenty feet west of Hooff's
Run; thence following the western boundary line of the
present city to the northwest corner of the present
boundary line of the city and the point of beginning....
And it is further ordered that the boundary lines of the
City of Alexandria after annexation shall be as follows:
Beginning in the Potomac River at the northeast corner of
the present boundary of the City of Alexandria and
following the present north boundary line of the City of
Alexandria to the northwest corner of the City, thence
prolonging said line in the same direction until it
intersects with the north side of the Braddock Road; then
southwardly to a point on the south side of Janney's Lane
fifty (50) feet from the west side of Leesburg Turnpike;
thence southwardly along the west boundary line of George
Washington Park subdivision to the Alexandria Water Company
property and reservoir; thence southwardly with the west
line of Alexandria Water Company's property to the north
side of the Little River Turnpike; thence across the Little
River Turnpike and with the east side of Robert's Lane and
continuing with the east side of Robert's Lane extended to
the mid-channel of Hunting Creek; thence downstream with
the meandering of the mid-channel of Hunting Creek to the
Potomac River, thence up the Potomac River to Jones Point
and thence with the west side of the Potomac River to the
point of beginning, the northeast corner of the present
boundary of the City of Alexandria."
</p>
</div>
<p class="head">
<i>
Annexation of 1929
</i>
</p>
<p>
Text of the order of the Supreme Court of Appeals setting
the area to be annexed by Alexandria as of December 31,
1929:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"Beginning at the intersection of the north corporate
limits of Alexandria Virginia with the west shore of the
Potomac River, thence extending N. 80° 39′ W.
along said north boundary line to the northwest corner of
the corporate limits as the same was established prior to
the year 1915;
thence with the line as established March 22, 1915, and
continuing said north corporate line N. 80° 39′
W., 4,353.86 feet to a set stone at the corner on the north
side of the Braddock Road within the subdivision of
Northwest Alexandria; thence S. 30° 11′ W.,
1,892.20 feet
to the intersection with the line separating Fairfax and
Arlington Counties; thence with the line of said two
counties N. 45° 02′ 50″ W., 6,434.88 feet
to a point in the center line of the Braddock Road (having
passed over an original milestone in said county line at
3,244.70 feet);
thence following along the center line of said Braddock
Road, S. 84° 22′ 30″ E., 264.20 feet to a
point where said Braddock Road is intersected by the
southwardly projection of the Seminary Road: thence
departing from said Braddock Road and following along the
center line of said Seminary
Road the following courses: N. 5° 02′ 30″
E. 811.50 feet, N. 22° 46′ 30″ E. 611.05
feet, N. 1° 23′ W., 1,551.40 feet, N. 20°
03′ E. 319.13 feet, N. 19° 48′ E. 385.49
feet, N. 37° 45′ W. 183.32 feet, N. 2°
57′ E. 140.89 feet,
N. 28° 00′ E. 165.41 feet, N. 5° 59′
E., 145.83 feet N. 13° 47′ W. 436.37 feet, N.
9° 02′ W. 1,447.08 feet, and N. 2°
10′ 30″ E. 274.90 feet to the point where said
center line of said Seminary Road intersects the south
right-of-way line of the
Washington and Old Dominion Railway; thence with said south
right-of-way line S. 77° 39′ 30″ E.,
1885.80 more or less, to the center line of the channel of
Four Mile Run; thence down the mid-channel line of said
Four Mile Run following the meanderings thereof as the same
passes under the
Washington Virginia Railway (now the Mount Vernon,
Alexandria and Washington Railway) the Washington and
Alexandria Road, and extending to the intersection of the
said Run with the Potomac River; thence following along the
west shore line of said Potomac River southwardly to the
point of beginning."
</p>
</div>
<p class="head">
<i>
Boundary Adjustment 1966
</i>
</p>
<p>
Text of the description of the new Arlington-Alexandria
boundary in effect on January 1, 1966, by mutual agreement:
</p>
<div class="blockquote">
<p>
"A line beginning at a point on the common boundary between
Fairfax County and the City of Alexandria, Virginia, said
point being in the existing right of way of Route #7 and is
further defined as point #134 having Virginia State
Coordinates of N. 431,495.42 and E. 2,395,581.64 as shown
on a map recorded with a deed of annexation in Deed Book
332, page 559, of the land records of the City of
Alexandria, Virginia; thence running along said common
boundary N. 55° 50′ 10″ E., 69.09 feet to
the boundary corner #135 whose coordinates are N.
431,534.22 and E. 2,395,638.81, said point #135 also being
shown on the aforementioned boundary map; thence still
running with the last mentioned course and across Route #7
1.29 feet (70.38 feet in all) to a point having coordinates
N. 431,534.94 and E. 2,395,639.88; thence running N.
09° 13′ 10″ E. 0.69 feet to a point lying
on the northerly side of Route #7, 40 feet from same and
having coordinates N. 431,535.62 and E. 2,395,639.99;
thence running along the northerly side of Route #7 S.
66° 38′ 20″ E., 96.13 feet to a point of
curvature whose coordinates are N. 431,497.50 and E.
2,395,728.24 thence continuing with said northerly side of
Route #7 and its extension and following the arc of a curve
to the right whose radius is 2331.83 feet and whose chord
and chord bearing are 810.17 feet and S. 56° 38′
05″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 814.30
feet to a point on the extension of the northerly side of
25th Street, and whose coordinates are N. 431,051.93 and E.
2,396,404.88; thence running along said extension and
thence with the northerly side of said street N. 50°
54′ 13″ E., 39.53 feet to a point of curvature
whose coordinates are N. 431,076.86 and E. 2,396,435.56;
thence following the arc of a curve to the right whose
radius is 115.60 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are
42.17 feet and N. 61° 24′ 48″ E.
respectively, for an arc distance of 42.41 feet to a point
of tangency whose coordinates are N. 431,097.04 and E.
2,396,472.59; thence continuing along 25th Street N.
71° 55′ 23″ E. 220.00 feet to a point
whose coordinates are N. 431,165.30 and E. 2,396,681.73;
thence turning and running across 25th Street and thence
along the common boundary between lots #503 and #5 of
Section 1 of Claremont Subdivision, and thence across
Beauregard Street (its extension into Arlington County
being known as S. Walter Reed Drive) S. 18° 04′
37″ E., 317.80 feet to a point on a curve in the
southerly side of Beauregard Street, said point having
coordinates N. 430,863.19 and E. 2,396,780.34; thence
running along the southerly side of said street and
following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is
410.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 69.89
feet and S. 55° 47′ 34.5″ respectively,
for an arc distance of 69.97 feet to a point of tangency
having coordinates N. 430,823.90 and E. 2,396,722.54;
thence continuing along the southerly side of Beauregard
Street and its extension S. 50° 54′ 13″ W.
83.66 feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 430,771.14
and E. 2,396,657.61, said point being 40 feet from the
centerline of the previously mentioned Route #7; thence
running parallel with but 40 feet from said centerline S.
37° 38′ 20″ E. 572.92 feet to a point
whose coordinates are N. 430,317.46 and E. 2,397,007.48,
said point being on the extension of the common boundary
between Section #1-A of Claremont and Section #2 of
Fairlington; thence running along said extension and thence
along said common boundary itself N. 44° 19′
57″ E., 335.55 feet to a point being the
northwesterly corner of a parcel of land owned by the City
of Alexandria; and having coordinates N. 430,557.48 and E.
2,397,241.97; thence running with the northeasterly
boundary of said parcel S. 45° 38′ 10″ E.,
242.71 feet to a point on a curve having coordinates N.
430,387.77 and E. 2,397,415.49 and lying in the northerly
line of 28th Street; thence running along said northerly
line of 28th Street and following the arc of a curve to the
right whose radius is 311.48 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 37.57 feet and S. 64° 02′ 05″
E. respectively, for an arc distance of 37.60 feet to a
point of tangency whose coordinates are N. 430,371.32 and
E. 2,397,449.27; thence along the northerly side of South
Columbus Street S. 60° 34′ 37″ E., 415.05
feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N.
430,167.42 and E. 2,397,810.79; thence running along the
arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 215.99 feet and
whose chord and chord bearing are 162.40 feet and S.
38° 29′ 37″ E. respectively for an arc
distance of 166.50 feet to a point of tangency lying in the
intersection of 29th Street and Columbus Street and having
coordinates N. 430,040.31 and E. 2,397,911.87; thence
running S. 16° 24′ 37″ E. 69.70 feet to a
point of curvature on the northeasterly side of Columbus
Street and whose coordinates are N. 429,973.45 and E.
2,397,931.56; thence running along the northeasterly side
of said street and following the arc of a curve to the left
whose radius is 691.20 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 396.48 feet and S. 33° 04′ 37″
E. respectively, for an arc distance of 402.12 feet to a
point of tangency, the coordinates of which are N.
429,641.22 and E. 2,398,147.94; thence running S. 49°
44′ 37″ E. 545.56 feet to a point of curvature
whose coordinates are N. 429,288.67 and E. 2,398,564.29;
thence following the arc of a curve to the left whose
radius is 20.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are
21.94 feet and S. 83° 00′ 35.5″ E.
respectively, for an arc distance of 23.22 feet to a point
of reversed curvature whose coordinates are N. 429,286.00
and E. 2,398,586.07; thence running around the circle of
the intersection of Columbus and 30th Streets and following
the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 93.00 feet
and whose chord and chord bearing are 177.22 feet and S.
08° 36′ 07″ E. respectively, for an arc
distance of 349.54 feet to a point of curvature whose
coordinates are N. 429,110.77 and E. 2,398,612.58; thence
following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is
20.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 21.94 feet
and S. 65° 48′ 21.5″ W. respectively, for
an arc distance of 23.22 feet to a point of tangency on the
southeasterly side of 30th Street, said point having
coordinates N. 429,101.78 and E. 2,398,592.57; thence
running along the southeasterly side of said street S.
32° 32′ 23″ W., 136.28 feet to a point of
curvature whose coordinates are N. 428,986.89 and E.
2,398,519.27; thence following the arc of a curve to the
left whose radius is 25.00 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 35.36 feet and S. 12° 27′ 37″
E. respectively, for an arc distance of 39.27 feet to a
point on the northeasterly side of Route #7, said point
having coordinates N. 428,952.36 and E. 2,398,526.90;
thence running S. 57° 27′ 37″ E. 62.54
feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 428,918.72 and E.
2,398,579.62; thence running S. 56° 42′
37″ E. 713.53 feet to a point of curvature, said
point having coordinates N. 428,527.08 and E. 2,399,176.06;
thence following the arc of a curve to the right whose
radius is 6056.68 feet and whose chord and chord bearing
are 1137.63 feet and S. 51° 19′ 17″ E.,
respectively for an arc distance of 1139.31 feet to a point
of tangency on the northeasterly side of Route #7, said
point having coordinates N. 427,816.12 and E. 2,400,064.17;
thence running along the northeasterly side of Route #7, S.
45° 55′ 57″ E., 2926.68 feet to a point of
curvature whose coordinates are N. 425,780.60 and E.
2,402,167.05; thence following the arc of a curve to the
left whose radius is 25.00 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 29.63 feet and S. 82° 16′
52.5″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 31.72
feet to a point on the northerly side of Quaker Lane, said
point having coordinates of N. 425,776.62 and E.
2,402,196.41; thence following the northerly side of Quaker
Lane N. 61° 22′ 12″ E. 25.35 feet to a
point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 425,788.77 and
E. 2,402,218.66; thence following the arc of a curve to the
left whose radius is 880.83 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 594.59 feet and N. 41° 38′
39.5″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 606.50
feet to a point of tangency having coordinates N.
426,233.10 and E. 2,402,613.77; thence turning and running
S. 68° 04′ 53″ E. 47.00 feet to a point
whose coordinates are N. 426,215.56 and E. 2,402,657.37,
said point being on the centerline of Quaker Lane; thence
running along the centerline of same N. 21° 55′
07″ E. 492.76 feet to a point of curvature having
coordinates N. 426,672.70 and E. 2,402,841.31; thence
following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is
1200.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 499.27
feet and N. 09° 54′ 42.5″ E. respectively,
for an arc distance of 502.94 feet to a point of tangency
whose coordinates are N. 427,164.52 and E. 2,402,927.25;
thence running N. 02° 05′ 42″ W. 993.05
feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 428,156.91 and E.
2,402,890.95; said point lying in the intersection of
Quaker Lane and Crestwood Drive; thence continuing along
the centerline of Quaker Lane N. 00° 59′
42″ W., 201.72 feet to a point of curvature whose
coordinates are N. 428,358.60 and E. 2,402,887.45; thence
following the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is
595.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 204.00
feet and N. 08° 52′ 33″ E. respectively,
for an arc distance of 205.01 feet to a point of tangency
having coordinates N. 428,560.16 and E. 2,402,918.93;
thence running N. 18° 44′ 48″ E., 122.09
feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N.
428,675.77 and E. 2,402,958.17; thence running along the
arc of a curve to the left whose radius is 2181.87 feet and
whose chord and chord bearing are 237.27 feet and N.
15° 37′ 47″ E. respectively, for an arc
distance of 237.39 feet to a point of tangency having
coordinates N. 428,904.27 and E. 2,403,022.10; thence
running N. 12° 30′ 46″ E. 88.70 feet to a
point of curvature having coordinates N. 428,990.86 and E.
2,403,041.32 and lying in the intersection of Quaker Lane,
32nd Road South, and Preston Road; thence following the arc
of a curve to the left whose radius is 243.67 feet and
whose chord and chord bearing are 44.38 feet and N.
07° 17′ 14.5″ E. respectively, for an arc
distance of 44.44 feet to a point of tangency having
coordinates N. 429,034.88 and E. 2,403,046.95; thence
running N. 02° 03′ 43″ E. 264.98 feet to a
point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 429,299.69 and
E. 2,403,056.48 thence still running along the centerline
of Quaker Lane and following the arc of a curve to the left
whose radius is 2165.91 feet and whose chord and chord
bearing are 152.44 feet and N. 00° 02′ 43″
E. respectively for an arc distance of 152.47 feet to a
point of tangency having coordinates N. 429,452.13 and E.
2,403,056.60; thence N. 01° 58′ 17″ W.,
141.63 feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N.
429,593.68 and E. 2,403,051.73; thence following the arc of
a curve to the right whose radius is 4560.67 feet and whose
chord and chord bearing are 224.93 feet and N. 00°
33′ 30″ W. respectively for an arc distance of
224.95 feet to a point on the existing Alexandria-Arlington
Boundary, said point having coordinates N. 429,818.60 and
E. 2,403,049.54; thence running along said existing
boundary N. 14° 40′ 33″ W., 307.96 feet to
an existing boundary corner with coordinates N. 430,116.51
and E. 2,402,971.52; thence running N. 09° 54′
36″ W., 1447.14 feet to another existing corner
having coordinates N. 431,542.06 and E. 2,402,722.47;
thence continuing with said existing Alexandria-Arlington
Boundary N. 01° 20′ 15″ E., 271.24 feet to
a corner with coordinates N. 431,813.23 and E. 402,728.80,
said point being in the vicinity of the Washington and Old
Dominion Railroad right of way; thence running S. 78°
26′ 13″ E. 1858.44 feet to an existing boundary
corner having coordinates N. 431,440.71 and E.
2,404,549.52; thence continuing with an extension of the
last mentioned course 5.73 feet (1864.17 feet in all) to a
point whose coordinates are N. 431,439.56 and E.
2,404,555.13; said point lying in Four Mile Run; thence
turning and running with the proposed centerline of Four
Mile Run N. 20° 30′ 55″ E., 62.07 feet to
a point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 431,497.69
and E. 2,404,576.88; thence following the arc of a curve to
the right whose radius is 420.44 feet and whose chord and
chord bearing are 361.79 feet and N. 45° 59′
55″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 374.00
feet to a point of compound curvature having coordinates N.
431,749.02 and E. 2,404,837.12; thence running along the
arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 388.90 feet and
whose chord and chord bearing are 241.48 feet and N.
89° 34′ 10″ E. respectively for an arc
distance of 245.54 feet to a point of tangency whose
coordinates are N. 431,750.83 and E. 2,405,078.59 thence
continuing along said proposed center and thence with the
existing centerline of Four Mile Run S. 72° 20′
35″ E. 115.13 feet to a point of curvature whose
coordinates are N. 431,715.91 and E. 2,405,188.30; thence
following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is
805.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 218.56
feet and S. 80° 08′ 42.5″ E. respectively
for an arc distance of 219.24 feet to a point of tangency
whose coordinates are N. 431,678.50 and E. 2,405,403.64;
thence running S. 87° 56′ 50″ E., 10.38
feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N.
431,678.13 and E. 2,405,414.01; thence following the arc of
a curve to the left whose radius is 2864.79 feet and whose
chord and chord bearing are 626.25 feet and N. 85°
46′ 40″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of
627.50 feet to a point of tangency whose coordinates are N.
431,724.24 and E. 2,406,038.56; thence continuing along the
centerline of said Four Mile Run N. 79° 30′
10″ E., 571.24 feet to a point of curvature having
coordinates N. 431,828.31 and E. 2,406,600.24; thence
following the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is
1909.88 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 500.23
feet and N. 87° 01′ 40″ E., respectively
for an arc distance of 501.67 feet to a point of tangency;
said point having coordinates N. 431,854.25 and E.
2,407,099.80; thence running S. 85° 26′
50″ E., 542.38 feet to a point of curvature with
coordinates N. 431,811.20 and E. 2,407,640.47; thence
following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is
1432.41 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 585.03
feet and N. 82° 46′ 10″ E. respectively,
for an arc distance of 589.17 feet to a point of tangency
having coordinates N. 431,884.83 and E. 2,408,220.85;
thence running N. 70° 59′ 10″ E. 28.44
feet to a point of curvature having coordinates of N.
431,894.10 and E. 2,408,247.74; thence following the arc of
a curve to the left whose radius is 1318.44 feet and whose
chord and chord bearing are 482.64 feet and N. 60°
26′ 22″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of
485.38 feet to a point of tangency having coordinates N.
432,132.21 and E. 2,408,667.56; thence running N. 49°
53′ 34″ E., 4.43 feet to a point whose
coordinates are N. 432,135.06 and E. 2,408,670.95; thence
running across Mount Vernon Avenue (Arlington Ridge Road in
Arlington) and still following the previously mentioned
centerline of Four Mile Run N. 71° 20′ 53″
E., 274.92 feet to a point of curvature with coordinates N.
432,222.98 and E. 2,408,931.43; thence running along the
arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 315.05 feet and
whose chord and chord bearing are 289.48 feet and S.
81° 18′ 07″ E. respectively for an arc
distance of 300.28 feet to a point of tangency with
coordinates of N. 432,179.20 and E. 2,409,217.58; thence
running S. 53° 57′ 07″ E., 314.44 feet to
a point whose coordinates are N. 431,994.16 and E.
2,409,471.81; thence still running along said centerline S.
52° 58′ 38″ E., 665.38 feet to a point
with coordinates N. 431,593.51 and E. 2,410,003.05; thence
S. 61° 35′ 07″ E., 504.49 feet to a point
having coordinates N. 431,353.45 and E. 2,410,446.76;
thence S. 62° 23′ 28″ E. 1048.27 feet to a
point with coordinates N. 430,867.65 and E. 2,411,375.67
and S. 67° 03′ 11″ E., 544.81 feet to a
point of curvature, said point having coordinates N.
430,655.24 and E. 2,411,877.37; thence running with the
centerline of said Four Mile Run, across Jefferson Davis
Highway (Route #1), thru the culvert and Potomac Railroad
Yards, and following the arc of a curve to the left whose
radius is 446.47 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are
485.07 feet and N. 80° 02′ 34.5″ E.
respectively for an arc distance of 512.80 feet to a point
of tangency whose coordinates are N. 430,739.11 and E.
2,412,355.13; thence N. 47° 08′ 20″ E.
400.92 feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N.
431,011.83 and E. 2,412,649.01; thence following the arc of
a curve to the right whose radius is 247.32 feet and whose
chord and chord bearing are 288.28 feet and N. 82°
47′ 15.5″ E. respectively for an arc distance
of 307.76 feet to a point of reversed curvature, said point
having coordinates N. 431,048.02 and E. 2,412,935.01;
thence following the arc of a curve to the left whose
radius is 692.78 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are
339.43 feet and S. 75° 44′ 39″ E.,
respectively for an arc distance of 342.92 feet to a point
of tangency with coordinates N. 430,964.43 and E.
2,413,263.99; thence running S. 89° 55′
29″ E., thru the culvert at George Washington
Memorial Parkway and to the Potomac River.
</p>
</div>
<a name="biblio">
</a>
<p class="chapter">
BIBLIOGRAPHY
</p>
<p class="hang">
Arlington County, Virginia.
<i>
Deed Books.
</i>
</p>
<p class="hang">
——.
<i>
Common Law Order Books.
</i>
</p>
<p class="hang">
——.
<i>
County Board Minute Books.
</i>
</p>
<p class="hang">
Arlington Historical Society.
<i>
The Arlington Historical Magazine.
</i>
Arlington; annual.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Bain, Chester W.
<i>
Annexation in Virginia</i>: The Use of the Judicial Process
for Readjusting City-County Boundaries. Charlottesville,
1966.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Caton, James R.
<i>
Legislative Chronicles of the City of Alexandria.
</i>
Alexandria, 1933.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Conway, Martha Bell.
<i>
The Compacts of Virginia.
</i>
Richmond, 1963.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Hall, Clayton C., ed.
<i>
Narratives of Early Maryland, 1633-1684.
</i>
New York, 1910.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Hening, William Waller.
<i>
The Statutes at Large</i>; Being a Collection of All the
Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature
in the Year 1619. Second edition. New York, 1823.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Mayor and Citizens of Alexandria, Virginia. "Remonstrance
of … Against the Bill to Annex the city and county of
Alexandria, to the District of Columbia." Alexandria, 1865.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Moore, Gay Montague.
<i>
Seaport in Virginia</i>, George Washington's Alexandria.
Richmond, 1949.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Richardson, James D., ed. A Compilation of the
<i>
Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, 1789-1897.
Washington, 1896.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Robinson, M. P.
<i>
Virginia Counties</i>, Those Resulting from Virginia
Legislation. Bulletin of the Virginia State Library.
Richmond, 1916.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Shepherd, Samuel.
<i>
The Statutes at Large of Virginia
</i>
from the October Session 1792 to December Session 1806.
Richmond, 1835.
</p>
<p class="hang">
Stetson, Charles W.
<i>
Four Mile Run Land Grants.
</i>
Washington, 1935.
</p>
<p class="hang">
United States. House of Representatives, Seventy-Fourth
Congress, 2nd Session.
<i>
House Document 374</i>; "Report of the District of
Columbia—Virginia Boundary Commission."
</p>
<p class="hang">
——. House of Representatives, Seventy-eighth
Congress, 1st Session.
<i>
Report No. 895</i>; "Establishing a Boundary Line Between
the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Virginia."
</p>
<p class="hang">
——.
<i>
Statutes at Large.
</i>
</p>
<p class="hang">
Virginia.
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, as Amended.
</p>
<p class="hang">
——.
<i>
Acts of Assembly.
</i>
</p>
<hr class="med">
<p class="ctr">
Footnotes
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note1">
</a><a href="#noteref1"><span
class="label"><small>[1]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Congress, February 27, 1801 and March 3, 1801. U.S.
Stat. at Large, Vol. 2, pp. 103, 115.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note2">
</a><a href="#noteref2"><span
class="label"><small>[2]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1920, Chapter 241.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note3">
</a><a href="#noteref3"><span
class="label"><small>[3]</small></span>
</a>
The smallest is Kalawao County, Hawaii, and the second
smallest, Bristol County, Rhode Island.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note4">
</a><a href="#noteref4"><span
class="label"><small>[4]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. i, p. 57. Cf. also Title 7.1, Sec. 1,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note5">
</a><a href="#noteref5"><span
class="label"><small>[5]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. i, p. 80. Cf. also Title 7.1, Sec. 1,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note6">
</a><a href="#noteref6"><span
class="label"><small>[6]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. i, p. 100.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note7">
</a><a href="#noteref7"><span
class="label"><small>[7]</small></span>
</a>
Report of the District of Columbia-Virginia Boundary
Commission, 74th Congress, 2nd Session,
<i>
H.D. 374</i>, p. 3. Cf. also, Hall,
<i>
Narratives of Early Maryland, 1633-1684</i>, p. 102.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note8">
</a><a href="#noteref8"><span
class="label"><small>[8]</small></span>
</a>
Paragraph 21, Virginia Constitution of 1776. Hening, Vol.
i, p. 56. Cf. also,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 1.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note9">
</a><a href="#noteref9"><span
class="label"><small>[9]</small></span>
</a>
Conway,
<i>
The Compacts of Virginia</i>, p. 8.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note10">
</a><a href="#noteref10"><span
class="label"><small>[10]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. i, p. 352. Northumberland was first mentioned
by name in an Act (IX) of February 1645, and sent its first
representative to the Legislature for the session of
November 1645.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note11">
</a><a href="#noteref11"><span
class="label"><small>[11]</small></span>
</a>
Act III, October 1649. Hening, Vol. i, p. 362.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note12">
</a><a href="#noteref12"><span
class="label"><small>[12]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. i, p. 381.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note13">
</a><a href="#noteref13"><span
class="label"><small>[13]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. ii, p. 151.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note14">
</a><a href="#noteref14"><span
class="label"><small>[14]</small></span>
</a>
Act VIII, October 1666.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note15">
</a><a href="#noteref15"><span
class="label"><small>[15]</small></span>
</a>
Robinson,
<i>
Virginia Counties</i>, p. 87. This court book may also be
inspected at the Stafford County Court House.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note16">
</a><a href="#noteref16"><span
class="label"><small>[16]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. ii, p. 327.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note17">
</a><a href="#noteref17"><span
class="label"><small>[17]</small></span>
</a>
Stetson,
<i>
Four Mile Run Land Grants</i>, p. 1.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note18">
</a><a href="#noteref18"><span
class="label"><small>[18]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, May 1730, Chapter XVII. Hening, Vol. iv,
p. 303.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note19">
</a><a href="#noteref19"><span
class="label"><small>[19]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, May 1742, Chapter XXVII. Hening, Vol. v,
p. 207.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note20">
</a><a href="#noteref20"><span
class="label"><small>[20]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1785, Chapter XVII. Hening, Vol. xii, pp.
50-55. Cf. also
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Section 7, and
Conway,
<i>
The Compacts of Virginia</i>, p. 5. The Potomac River
Fisheries Compact of 1958 (Acts of Assembly, 1962, Chapter
406;
<i>
Code of Virginia 1950</i>, Title 28.1, Sec. 203) did not
affect Arlington.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note21">
</a><a href="#noteref21"><span
class="label"><small>[21]</small></span>
</a>
Cf. for example, Samuel Eliot Morison & Henry Steele
Commager,
<i>
The Growth of the American Republic</i>, Vol. I, p. 332.
New York, 1962. Leon H. Canfield & Howard B. Wilder,
<i>
The Making of Modern America</i>, p. 148. Boston, 1964.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note22">
</a><a href="#noteref22"><span
class="label"><small>[22]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1789, Chapter XXXII, p. 19.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note23">
</a><a href="#noteref23"><span
class="label"><small>[23]</small></span>
</a>
July 16, 1790.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note24">
</a><a href="#noteref24"><span
class="label"><small>[24]</small></span>
</a>
Richardson,
<i>
Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. I, p. 100.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note25">
</a><a href="#noteref25"><span
class="label"><small>[25]</small></span>
</a>
Richardson,
<i>
Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. I, p. 102.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note26">
</a><a href="#noteref26"><span
class="label"><small>[26]</small></span>
</a>
Ernest A. Shuster, Jr., "Original Boundary Stones of the
District of Columbia";
<i>
The National Geographic Magazine</i>, Vol. XX, pp. 356-359
(April, 1909).
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note27">
</a><a href="#noteref27"><span
class="label"><small>[27]</small></span>
</a>
It has been hinted that George Washington insisted upon
this to refute rumors that he had been influenced in his
choice of a site by motives of personal gain since he owned
land in Arlington. Cf. Moore,
<i>
Seaport in Virginia</i>, p. 39.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note28">
</a><a href="#noteref28"><span
class="label"><small>[28]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1845-47, p. 50.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note29">
</a><a href="#noteref29"><span
class="label"><small>[29]</small></span>
</a>
Quoted in "Remonstrance of the Mayor and Citizens of
Alexandria...."
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note30">
</a><a href="#noteref30"><span
class="label"><small>[30]</small></span>
</a>
Although the "Remonstrance" cited above states that the
vote was held on August 17, 1846, the presidential
proclamation putting the transfer into effect declares the
poll to have been taken
<i>
viva voce
</i>
at the Court House on September 1 and 2. The August date is
given in the proclamation as that on which five
commissioners were appointed by the President and directed
to take the poll.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note31">
</a><a href="#noteref31"><span
class="label"><small>[31]</small></span>
</a>
Richardson,
<i>
Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. IV, p. 470.
The legality of the retrocession was unsuccessfully
challenged in 1875. Cf.
<i>
Phillips
</i>
v.
<i>
Payne</i>, U.S. Reports, S.C. Otto 2, p. 130.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note32">
</a><a href="#noteref32"><span
class="label"><small>[32]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1846-47, Chapter 53. Cf. also,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 9. For a full
account of the actions on the part of both the United
States and Virginia in connection with this retrocession,
cf. Harrison Mann, "Chronology of Action on the Part of the
United States to Complete Retrocession of Alexandria County
(Arlington County) to Virginia,"
<i>
The Arlington Historical Magazine</i>, Vol. 1, No. 1
(1957), pp. 15-23; and "Chronology of Action on the Part of
the State of Virginia to Complete Retrocession of
Alexandria County (Arlington County) to Virginia"
<i>
Ibid.</i>, Vol. 1, No. 2 (1958), pp. 43-51.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note33">
</a><a href="#noteref33"><span
class="label"><small>[33]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. vi, p. 214. Cited by title as "An Act for
erecting a town at Hunting Creek warehouse, in the county
of Fairfax." The text of the Act is given in the
<i>
Journal of the House of Burgesses</i>, and quoted in Caton,
<i>
Legislative Chronicles of the City of Alexandria</i>, p. 7.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note34">
</a><a href="#noteref34"><span
class="label"><small>[34]</small></span>
</a>
In the Library of Congress. Reproduced in Moore,
<i>
Seaport in Virginia</i>, pp. 10-11.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note35">
</a><a href="#noteref35"><span
class="label"><small>[35]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. vii, p. 604. Acts of Assembly, November 1762,
Chapter XXV.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note36">
</a><a href="#noteref36"><span
class="label"><small>[36]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. x, p. 172. "An Act for incorporating the town
of Alexandria in the County of Fairfax."
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note37">
</a><a href="#noteref37"><span
class="label"><small>[37]</small></span>
</a>
Hening, Vol. x, p. 192. Acts of Assembly, 1779, Chapter
XXXI: "An Act to confirm certain sales and leases by the
trustees of the town of Alexandria and to enlarge said
town...."
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note38">
</a><a href="#noteref38"><span
class="label"><small>[38]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, October 1785, Chapter XCI. Hening, Vol.
xii, p. 205.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note39">
</a><a href="#noteref39"><span
class="label"><small>[39]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, October 1786, Chapter LXXIII. Hening,
Vol. xii, p. 362.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note40">
</a><a href="#noteref40"><span
class="label"><small>[40]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, November 1796, Chapter 32. Shepherd, Vol.
ii, p. 41.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note41">
</a><a href="#noteref41"><span
class="label"><small>[41]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, December 1797, Chapter 60. Shepherd, Vol.
ii, p. 122.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note42">
</a><a href="#noteref42"><span
class="label"><small>[42]</small></span>
</a>
U.S.
<i>
Stat. at Large</i>, Vol. 2, p. 255.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note43">
</a><a href="#noteref43"><span
class="label"><small>[43]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1852, Chapter 358, p. 241.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note44">
</a><a href="#noteref44"><span
class="label"><small>[44]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1853, Chapter 484. Adopted February 18,
1853.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note45">
</a><a href="#noteref45"><span
class="label"><small>[45]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1858, Chapter 270. Enacted April 2, 1858.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note46">
</a><a href="#noteref46"><span
class="label"><small>[46]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly 1865/66, Chapter IX.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note47">
</a><a href="#noteref47"><span
class="label"><small>[47]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly 1866/67, Chapter 152.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note48">
</a><a href="#noteref48"><span
class="label"><small>[48]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly 1871, Chapter 73. The frequent and rapid
changes in this boundary appear to have been related to the
complexion of the electorate in the affected area and the
varying political sentiments of the immediate post Civil
War and Reconstruction periods.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note49">
</a><a href="#noteref49"><span
class="label"><small>[49]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1869-70, Chapter 39.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note50">
</a><a href="#noteref50"><span
class="label"><small>[50]</small></span>
</a>
Alexandria County,
<i>
Deed Book 146</i>, p. 387. See Appendix. Cf. also, C. B.
Rose, Jr., "Annexation of a Portion of Arlington County by
the City of Alexandria in 1915,"
<i>
The Arlington Historical Magazine</i>, pp. 22-36, Vol. 2,
No. 4 (1964). For a discussion of the judicial process of
annexation, cf. Bain,
<i>
Annexation in Virginia</i>.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note51">
</a><a href="#noteref51"><span
class="label"><small>[51]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1920, Chapter 241.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note52">
</a><a href="#noteref52"><span
class="label"><small>[52]</small></span>
</a>
Arlington County,
<i>
Common Law Order Book 12</i>, p. 293. Also,
<i>
Deed Book 306</i>, p. 300.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note53">
</a><a href="#noteref53"><span
class="label"><small>[53]</small></span>
</a>
See Appendix.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note54">
</a><a href="#noteref54"><span
class="label"><small>[54]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1930, Chapter 167; Cf. also,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 15.1, Sec. 692.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note55">
</a><a href="#noteref55"><span
class="label"><small>[55]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1938, Chapter 22; Cf. also,
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 15.1, Sec. 1056.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note56">
</a><a href="#noteref56"><span
class="label"><small>[56]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1962, Chapter 314.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note57">
</a><a href="#noteref57"><span
class="label"><small>[57]</small></span>
</a>
Arlington County Board Minute Book XXI, p. 54.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note58">
</a><a href="#noteref58"><span
class="label"><small>[58]</small></span>
</a>
Alexandria
<i>
Deed Book</i>, 641, p. 188 (December 21, 1965); Arlington
<i>
Deed Book</i>, 1609, p. 453 (December 23, 1965); Arlington
<i>
Common Law Order Book
</i>
85, p. 197. For the description of the new boundary, see
Appendix.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note59">
</a><a href="#noteref59"><span
class="label"><small>[59]</small></span>
</a>
<i>
Washington Airport
</i>
vs.
<i>
Smoot Sand and Gravel Corp</i>., 283 U.S. 348. Cf. also,
<i>
Marine Railroad and Coal Co</i>. v.
<i>
U.S.</i>, 257 U.S. 47.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note60">
</a><a href="#noteref60"><span
class="label"><small>[60]</small></span>
</a>
This indefinite boundary line "lies in many places some
distance from the Potomac River."
<i>
Report No. 895</i>, H.R., 78th Congress, 1st Session.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note61">
</a><a href="#noteref61"><span
class="label"><small>[61]</small></span>
</a>
48 U.S. Stat. 453; Virginia Acts of Assembly, 1932, p. 485.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note62">
</a><a href="#noteref62"><span
class="label"><small>[62]</small></span>
</a>
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 7. This
Commission dealt only with the boundary below Jones Point
but chose
<i>
low water mark
</i>
as the line. The pertinent words of the agreement (ratified
by Virginia in 1878) are: "The low water mark on the
Potomac to which Virginia has a right in the soil, is to be
measured … from low-water mark at one headland to low
water at another, without following indentations, bays,
creeks, inlets, or affluent rivers. Virginia is entitled
not only to full dominion over the soil to low water mark
on the south shore of the Potomac, but has a right to such
use of the river...." Interpretation of this agreement took
many years and it was 1930 before the line actually was
surveyed and monumented.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note63">
</a><a href="#noteref63"><span
class="label"><small>[63]</small></span>
</a>
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 7. Cf. also
page 9 above.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note64">
</a><a href="#noteref64"><span
class="label"><small>[64]</small></span>
</a>
Report of District of Columbia—Virginia Boundary
Commission, 74th Congress, 2nd Session,
<i>
House Document
</i>
374.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note65">
</a><a href="#noteref65"><span
class="label"><small>[65]</small></span>
</a>
76th Congress, 3rd Session, H.R. 9976; S. 4114. 77th
Congress, 1st Session, H.R. 1045; H.R. 5073. 78th Congress,
1st Session, S. 19; H.R. 746; H.R. 3664. The Arlington
County Board endorsed H.R. 9976; cf. Minute Book V, p. 423
and VII, p. 500.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note66">
</a><a href="#noteref66"><span
class="label"><small>[66]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1942, Chapter 267.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note67">
</a><a href="#noteref67"><span
class="label"><small>[67]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly, 1946, Chapter 26.
<i>
Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 10.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note68">
</a><a href="#noteref68"><span
class="label"><small>[68]</small></span>
</a>
Unpublished Report dated March 27, 1947, from Lt. Comdr.
Roswell C. Bolstad, Chief of Party, on Project G-815, Coast
and Geodetic Survey, Department of Commerce.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note69">
</a><a href="#noteref69"><span
class="label"><small>[69]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly 1874/75, Chapter 316.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note70">
</a><a href="#noteref70"><span
class="label"><small>[70]</small></span>
</a>
Arlington County,
<i>
Common Law Order Book 16</i>, p. 235 and p. 309.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note71">
</a><a href="#noteref71"><span
class="label"><small>[71]</small></span>
</a>
Arlington County,
<i>
Common Law Order Book 17</i>, p. 130 and p. 138.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note72">
</a><a href="#noteref72"><span
class="label"><small>[72]</small></span>
</a>
Acts of Assembly 1908, Chapter 273.
</p>
<p class="footnote">
<a name="note73">
</a><a href="#noteref73"><span
class="label"><small>[73]</small></span>
</a>
<i>
Bennett
</i>
v.
<i>
Garrett</i>, 112 S.E. 772, decided June 15, 1922.
</p>
<pre>
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</pre>
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