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diff --git a/36902-h/36902-h.htm b/36902-h/36902-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..41c1c68 --- /dev/null +++ b/36902-h/36902-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3718 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 +Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; +charset=ISO-8859-1"> +<title> +The Project Gutenberg eBook of A History of the Boundaries +of Arlington County, Virginia, by Office of the County +Manager +</title> +<style type="text/css"> + + body {margin-left: 12%; + margin-right: 12%;} + + p {text-indent: 0em; + text-align: justify; + margin-top: .85em; + margin-bottom: .85em; + line-height: 1.25em;} + + .hang {text-align: justify; + padding-left: 2em; + text-indent: -2em;} + + .ctr {text-align: center;} + + .sig {margin-left: 55%; + line-height: 1.25em; + margin-top: 0em;} + + .space {line-height: 1em;} + + .ralign {text-align: right; + font-size: small; + margin-top: -1.4em; + margin-bottom: 2.5em; + margin-left: 16%; + margin-right: 16%;} + + .footnote {margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 8%; + font-size: 0.9em; + text-indent: 0em;} + + .label {position: absolute; + left: 17%; + text-align: right; + text-decoration: none;} + + .title {margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + text-align: center; + font-weight: bold; + font-size: 110%; + line-height: 1.25em;} + + .chapter {margin-top: 3.5em; + margin-bottom: 1.5em; + text-align: center; + font-weight: bold; + font-size: 115%;} + + .head {margin-top: 2.5em; + margin-bottom: 1.5em; + text-align: center; + font-weight: bold;} + + .blockquote {text-align: justify; + margin-left: 7%; + margin-right: 7%; + font-size: 96%;} + + .caption {font-size: 95%; + text-align: center; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-top: .4em; + margin-left: 16%; + margin-right: 16%;} + + .figcenter {margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + text-align: center; + margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-top: 2.5em; + width: auto;} + + h1 {text-align: center; + margin-top: .5em; + margin-bottom: .5em; + line-height: 1.3em; + letter-spacing: 4px;} + + h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {text-align: center; + margin-top: .5em; + margin-bottom: .5em; + line-height: 1.3em;} + + hr.med {width: 65%; + margin-top: 2.5em; + margin-bottom: 2.5em;} + + table {margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto;} + + td.chpt {vertical-align: top; + text-align: left;} + + td.txt {vertical-align: top; + text-align: left; + padding-left: 35px;} + + td.indent {vertical-align: top; + text-align: left; + padding-left: 70px;} + + td.pg {vertical-align: bottom; + text-align: right; + padding-left: 10px;} + + a:link {color: #33C; + background-color: inherit; + text-decoration: none;} + link {color: #33C; + background-color: inherit; + text-decoration: none;} + a:visited {color:#33C; + background-color: inherit; + text-decoration: none;} + +</style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of the Boundaries of Arlington +County, Virginia, by Office of the County Manager, Arlington + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A History of the Boundaries of Arlington County, Virginia + +Author: Office of the County Manager, Arlington + +Release Date: July 30, 2011 [EBook #36902] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON COUNTY *** + + + + +Produced by Mark C. Orton and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Front cover" width="266" +height="450"> +</div> +<br> +<h2> +A HISTORY +</h2> +<h3> +<i> +of +</i> +</h3> +<h2> +THE BOUNDARIES +</h2> +<h3> +<i> +of +</i> +</h3> +<h2> +ARLINGTON COUNTY, VIRGINIA +</h2> +<br> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/logo.jpg" alt="Seal of Virginia" +width="100" height="99"> +</div> +<br> +<br> +<h3> +Office of the County Manager +<br> +Arlington, Virginia +<br> +1967 +</h3> +<hr class="med"> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/001.jpg" alt="THE BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON, +1791, 1801, 1846, 1870, 1875, 1915, 1929, 1936 ,1946 ,1966" +width="600" height="380"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +THE BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON +<br> +1791 1801 184 +6 +<br> +1870 1875 191 +5 1929 1936&n +bsp; 1946 1966 +</p> +<hr class="med"> +<p class="head"> +FOREWORD TO THE SECOND EDITION +</p> +<p> +This collection of documentary references to the boundaries +of Arlington County was first published in 1957. This new +edition contains revisions made in the light of fuller +knowledge, and brings the story up-to-date by taking +account of the change in the common boundary with the City +of Alexandria which went into effect on January 1, 1966. +</p> +<p> +This pamphlet can serve as a guide for those who need to +know what jurisdiction covered this area at any particular +time. It provides information for the student as well as +the title searcher—in fact, for anyone interested in +the history of what is now Arlington County. +</p> +<p class="space"> + +</p> +<p class="sig"> +<img src="images/sig.jpg" alt="Signature of Bert W. +Johnson" width="295" height="92"> +</p> +<p class="sig"> +Bert W. Johnson +<br> +County Manager +</p> +<hr class="med"> +<p class="title"> +A History of +<br> +The Boundaries of +<br> +Arlington County, Virginia +</p> +<p class="ctr"> +TABLE OF CONTENTS +</p> +<table summary="Table of Contents"> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> + +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<small> +Page</small> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +Introduction—Arlington County Today +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#1"> +1</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +1608-1789 +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#2"> +2</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +The Charters of James I to the Virginia Company +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Charles I Charter to Lord Baltimore +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +The Counties of the Northern Neck of Virginia +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +1789-1847 +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#3"> +3</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Into the District of Columbia: +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="indent"> +Cession of 1789 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="indent"> +Location of the Federal District +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Out of the District: +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="indent"> +Acts of 1846 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="indent"> +In Virginia Once More, 1847 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +ARLINGTON'S BOUNDARY WITH THE CITY OF ALEXANDRIA +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#14"> +14</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Establishment of Alexandria as a Town +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Territorial Accretions of Alexandria to 1870 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +County-City Separation, 1870 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Annexations by Alexandria from Arlington, 1915 and 1929 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Readjustment of Boundaries, 1966 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +ARLINGTON'S BOUNDARY WITH THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#24"> +24</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Boundary of Commission of 1935 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +Acts of 1945 and 1946 +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +POSTSCRIPTS—TOWNS IN ARLINGTON COUNTY +</td> +<td class="pg"> +<a href="#27"> +27</a> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +The Town of Falls Church +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +The Town of Potomac +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="txt"> +No More Towns +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +<a href="#appendix"> +Appendix.</a> +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="chpt"> +<a href="#biblio"> +Bibliography.</a> +</td> +<td class="pg"> + +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="med"> +<a name="1"> + +</a> +<p class="title"> +A History of +<br> +The Boundaries of +<br> +Arlington County, Virginia +</p> +<p> +It is one of those paradoxes so characteristic of Arlington +that the area composing the County did not exist as a +separate entity until it was ceded by Virginia to form part +of the District of Columbia. The Act by which the Congress +of the United States took jurisdiction over this area +directed that that portion of the District which had been +ceded by Virginia was to be known as the county of +Alexandria.<a href="#note1" name="noteref1" +class="fnanchor"><small>[1]</small> +</a> +(It was not until 1920 that it received the name of +Arlington.)<a href="#note2" name="noteref2" +class="fnanchor"><small>[2]</small> +</a> +</p> +<p> +The present boundaries of Arlington may be described as: +Beginning at the intersection of Four Mile Run with the +west shore line of the Potomac River, westwardly, in +general along the line of Four Mile Run, without regard to +its meanders, intersecting the south right-of-way line of +the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad, then 1,858.44 +feet to where the center line of Shirlington Road +intersects the said south right-of-way line; thence south +and slightly east to the center line of Quaker Lane, then +following the center line of Quaker Lane to a point short +of Osage Street in Alexandria where it moves to the north +line of Quaker Lane; thence to the east right-of-way line +of Leesburg Pike (King Street); thence with this line to +the east side of 30th Street, South, in Arlington, +northeast on 30th Street, South, to the circle; around said +circle to the north side of South Columbus Street, along +this line to 28th Street, South, returning for a short +distance to Leesburg Pike, jogging east and north to 25th +Street, South, and then back to Leesburg Pike; thence along +the Pike to the common boundary of Alexandria and Fairfax; +thence northeast along the former Alexandria-Fairfax +boundary until it intersects the original boundary between +Arlington and Fairfax; thence due northwest to a stone and +large oak tree approximately 200 feet west of Meridian +Avenue (North Arizona Street); thence due northeast to the +shore of the Potomac; thence along the mean high water mark +of the shore of the Potomac River, back to the point of +beginning. This line encloses roughly 16,520 acres, or +approximately 25.7 square miles, thus making Arlington the +third smallest county in the United States in respect to +area.<a href="#note3" name="noteref3" +class="fnanchor"><small>[3]</small> +</a> +</p> +<p> +The boundaries of this area have been changed many times +since it was first sighted by Captain John Smith on his +voyage up the Potomac in 1608—the year which can be +said to mark the beginning of Arlington's history. +</p> +<a name="2"> + +</a> +<p class="head"> +<i> +1608-1789 +</i> +</p> +<p> +The circumstances which placed Arlington in Virginia began +to take shape even earlier than 1608. The two companies +organized to colonize Virginia were granted their first +charter by James I of England on April 10, 1606.<a +href="#note4" name="noteref4" +class="fnanchor"><small>[4]</small> +</a> +This was styled "Letters Patent to Sir Thomas Gates, Sir +George Somers, and others, for two several Colonies and +Plantations, to be made in Virginia, and other parts and +Territories of America." The patentees were authorized +"… to make habitation, plantation, and to deduce a +colony of sundry of our people into that part of America, +commonly called Virginia …" between 34° north +latitude and 45° north and within 100 miles of the +coast. Within this area the spheres of operation of the two +companies (which came to be known as the London and +Plymouth Companies because their principal backers hailed +from one or the other of these English towns) were +delineated. To the former was given the right to plant a +colony within the area from north latitude 34° to +41°, and to the latter within the area from 38° +to 45° inclusive. The overlapping area from 38° +to 41° was open to settlement by either company, +though neither might establish a settlement within 100 +miles of territory occupied by the other. The actual +jurisdiction of each company was limited to 50 miles in +each direction from the first seat of plantation. This last +restriction was not carried over into the second charter. +(Map I.) +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/map3.jpg" alt="MAP I" width="336" +height="500"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +MAP I +<br> +Bounds Set by First Two Charters of the Virginia Company +</p> +<p class="ralign"> +Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims +</p> +<p> +Although the Plymouth Company sent out ships in the spring +of 1607, the settlement attempted by them on the coast of +Maine was abandoned the following year. The first +settlement which was to prove permanent was made by the +London Company whose ships, sailing from London in December +1606, reached the mouth of the James River in Virginia in +April 1607. The founding of "James Cittie" provided a point +of reference for the second charter of the London Company +(which came to be known as the Virginia Company). This +charter,<a href="#note5" name="noteref5" +class="fnanchor"><small>[5]</small> +</a> +granted in 1609, gave it jurisdiction over +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"all those lands, countries, and territories, situate, +lying, and being, in that part of America called Virginia, +from the point of land, called Cape or Point Comfort, all +along the sea coast, to the northward 200 miles, and from +the said Point or Cape Comfort, all along the sea coast to +the southward 200 miles, and all that space and circuit of +land, lying from the sea coast of the precinct aforesaid, +up into the land, throughout from sea to sea, west and +northwest; and also all the islands lying within one +hundred miles, along the coast of both seas of the precinct +aforesaid;…" +</p> +</div> +<p> +This grant reflects the view of the best geographers of the +day that the Pacific Ocean lapped the western side of the +as yet unexplored and unnamed Appalachian Mountains. +</p> +<p> +The third charter of the Virginia Company,<a href="#note6" +name="noteref6" class="fnanchor"><small>[6]</small> +</a> +granted in 1612, extended the eastern boundaries of the +colony to cover "… all and singular those Islands +whatsoever, situate and being in any part of the ocean seas +bordering upon the coast of our said first colony in +Virginia, and being within three hundred leagues of any the +parts heretofore granted …" This was done to include +Bermuda which had been discovered in the meantime. The +charter of the Virginia Company was annulled in 1624 by +King James I, and its lands became a Crown Colony. By this +time, however, the Virginia settlements were firmly +established on and nearby the James River, and the Potomac +River to the falls was well known to traders with the +Indians. +</p> +<p> +The first limitation upon the extent of the "Kingdom of +Virginia," as it was referred to by King Charles I, who +succeeded his father in 1625, came with the grant to Lord +Baltimore of a proprietorship over what became Maryland. +This patent was granted in 1632; the first settlers reached +what became St. Mary's on the Potomac in 1634. That part of +the grant which is pertinent to the boundaries of Arlington +reads: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Going from the said estuary called Delaware Bay in a right +line in the degree aforesaid to the true meridian of the +first fountain of the river Potomac, then tending downward +towards the south to the farther bank of the said river and +following it to where it faces the western and southern +coasts as far as to a certain place called Cinquack situate +near the mouth of the same river where it discharges itself +in the aforenamed bay of Chesapeake and thence by the +shortest line as far as the aforesaid promontory or place +called Watkins Point."<a href="#note7" name="noteref7" +class="fnanchor"><small>[7]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +The most significant words of this grant, from the point of +view of Arlington, are "the farther banks of the said +river." They explain why the boundary between Arlington and +the District of Columbia runs along the Virginia shore of +the river and not in midstream, and why Roosevelt Island, +which lies nearer Arlington than to the District, is not a +part of Arlington. The Constitution of Virginia adopted in +1776 acknowledges this grant: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"The territory contained within the charters erecting the +colonies of Maryland … are hereby ceded, released, +and forever confirmed to the people of those colonies +…"<a href="#note8" name="noteref8" +class="fnanchor"><small>[8]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +Although at the time Charles I gave this grant to Lord +Baltimore Virginia was a Crown Colony and thus it could not +be contended that he was giving away lands he had no power +to cede since they already had been given to others, the +Maryland-Virginia boundary became a subject of controversy +as soon as the first Maryland settlers arrived, and has +continued so until almost the present time. Indeed, one +might say that the ghost has been laid only temporarily +since echoes of the dispute appear in today's newspapers: +"Maryland and Virginia Start New Round in Oyster +War"—"Pentagon Area a No Man's Land." These headlines +derive in a direct line from the grant of King Charles I to +Calvert, Lord Baltimore, in 1632.<a href="#note9" +name="noteref9" class="fnanchor"><small>[9]</small> +</a> +</p> +<p> +To leave, for a time, the Potomac boundary of Arlington, +let us turn to the narrowing of the boundaries of the +landward side of the County. In the development of +governmental administration, counties began to be created +in Virginia in mid-17th Century. The area which became +Arlington was successively in Northumberland, Westmoreland, +Stafford, Prince William, and finally, Fairfax counties. +(Map II.) Consequently, the history of land tenure and +legislation for Arlington must be sought in the records of +these counties for the relevant period. +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/map2.jpg" alt="MAP II" width="600" +height="388"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +MAP II +<br> +Development of Northern Neck Counties +</p> +<p class="ralign"> +Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims +</p> +<p> +Northumberland County was definitely created in 1648 by an +Act of the General Assembly<a href="#note10" +name="noteref10" class="fnanchor"><small>[10]</small> +</a> +which provided +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"that the said tract of land ['Chickcoun and other parts of +the Neck of land between Rappahonock River and Potomack +River'] be hereafter called and knowne by the name of the +county of Northumberland...." +</p> +</div> +<p> +and was given power to elect Burgesses. A later Act<a +href="#note11" name="noteref11" +class="fnanchor"><small>[11]</small> +</a> +declared: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"<i>It is enacted</i>, That the inhabitants which are or +shall be seated on the south side of the Petomecke River +shall be included and are hereafter to be accompted within +the county of Northumberland." +</p> +</div> +<p> +Settlement was pushing north, however, and in July 1653, +Westmoreland was carved out of the then existing +Northumberland. It was decreed: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"ordered by this present Grand Assembly that the bounds of +the county of Westmorland be as followeth (vizt.) from +Machoactoke river where Mr. Cole lives: And so upwards to +the falls of the great river of Pawtomake above the +Necostins Towne."<a href="#note12" name="noteref12" +class="fnanchor"><small>[12]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +Conditions on the frontier, however, made it necessary in +1662 to unite Westmoreland and Northumberland counties for +administrative purposes "until otherwise ordered by the +governor."<a href="#note13" name="noteref13" +class="fnanchor"><small>[13]</small> +</a> +There is no record of the date of his later decision to +separate the two counties but he must have done so. +</p> +<p> +Similarly, there is no definite record of the establishment +of Stafford County. The first legislative reference to +Stafford is in an Act<a href="#note14" name="noteref14" +class="fnanchor"><small>[14]</small> +</a> +exempting the inhabitants of Stafford because of the +"newnesse of its ground" from a general requirement laid +upon counties to employ a weaver and set up a public loom. +In this year of 1666 Stafford sent a delegate to the +General Assembly. The County, however, must have been in +existence earlier since there is a record of the Stafford +County Court Book which on page one relates to a meeting of +the Court for the County on May 27, 1664.<a href="#note15" +name="noteref15" class="fnanchor"><small>[15]</small> +</a> +The boundaries of the County are nowhere set forth at this +early date, but that they encompassed the Arlington area is +clear from a direction of the Legislature in 1676 that a +fort be established "on Potomack river at or near John +Mathews in the county of Stafford."<a href="#note16" +name="noteref16" class="fnanchor"><small>[16]</small> +</a> +John Mathews' land was on the lower side of Great Hunting +Creek<a href="#note17" name="noteref17" +class="fnanchor"><small>[17]</small> +</a> +but there would have been no reason at that time to erect a +separate county to the north. +</p> +<p> +There were no further changes affecting the county within +which Arlington lay until 1730 when Prince William County +was formed. An Act of the General Assembly declared that +after March 25, 1731, +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"all the land, on the heads of the said counties [Stafford +and King George] above the Chopawansick Creek, on Patomack +river, and Deep run, on Rappahannock river and a southward +line to be made from the head of the north branch of the +said creek to the head of the said Deep run, be divided and +exempt from said counties … and be made a distinct +county, and shall be called and known by the name of Prince +William County."<a href="#note18" name="noteref18" +class="fnanchor"><small>[18]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +It was not many years until Fairfax County came into being: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… from and immediately after the first day of +December now next ensuing, the said county of Prince +William be divided into two counties: That is to say, all +that part thereof, lying on the south side of Occoquan, and +Bull Run; and from the head of the main branch of Bull Run, +by a straight course to the Thoroughfare of the Blue Ridge +of mountains, known by the name of Ashby's Gap or Bent, +shall be one distinct county, and retain the name of Prince +William County: And be one distinct parish, and retain the +name of Hamilton parish. And all that other part thereof, +consisting of the parish of Truro, shall be one other +distinct county, and called and known by the name of +Fairfax county...."<a href="#note19" name="noteref19" +class="fnanchor"><small>[19]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +Thus from December 1742 until the District of Columbia was +formally organized by Act of Congress (February 27, 1801) +what is now Arlington was part of Fairfax County. +</p> +<a name="3"> + +</a> +<p class="head"> +<i> +1789-1847 +</i> +</p> +<p> +Maryland and Virginia had agreed to meet in 1785 to discuss +the controversy over the navigation of the Potomac and +their joint boundary. The Commissioners who took part in +this meeting did more than draw up a compact subsequently +ratified by their respective States. From this meeting +eventually came the call for the convention which resulted +in the Constitution of the United States and the decision +to set aside a tract of land ten miles square for the seat +of the Federal Government. +</p> +<p> +The Maryland-Virginia compact on the Potomac was signed on +March 28, 1785, and confirmed by the General Assembly of +Virginia in 1786.<a href="#note20" name="noteref20" +class="fnanchor"><small>[20]</small> +</a> +Although it was designed primarily to settle navigation and +fishing rights, its seventh section provided: "The citizens +of each State, respectively, shall have full property +rights in the shores of Patowmack river adjoining their +land...." This has been interpreted to mean property rights +to low water mark. The dispute over this point became of +significance in the 20th Century with the construction of +the National Airport and the Pentagon Building. +</p> +<p> +Article I, Section 8, of the Constitution of the United +States gives the Congress power to accept a territory not +exceeding ten miles square to be set aside as the seat of +the Federal Government. The story of the compromise which +led to the selection of a site on the Potomac is told in +all the history books.<a href="#note21" name="noteref21" +class="fnanchor"><small>[21]</small> +</a> +These, however, rarely give the details of how the exact +area which became the District of Columbia came to be +chosen. +</p> +<p> +In 1789, the Virginia legislature adopted an Act<a +href="#note22" name="noteref22" +class="fnanchor"><small>[22]</small> +</a> +offering to cede "ten miles square, or any lesser Quantity +of Territory within the State" to the United States for the +permanent seat of the general government. Section I of this +Act recited the motive: "Whereas the equal and common +benefits resulting from the administration of the general +government will be best diffused, and its operation become +more prompt and certain, by establishing such a situation +for the seat of the said government, as will be most +central and convenient to the citizens of the United States +at large, having regard as well to population, extent of +territory, and a free navigation to the Atlantic Ocean, +through the Chesapeake bay, as to the most direct and ready +communication with our fellow citizens in the western +frontier; and whereas it appears to this Assembly that a +situation combining all considerations and advantages +before recited, may be had on the banks of the river +Patowmack, above tide water, in a country rich and fertile +in soil, healthy and salubrious in climate, and abounding +in all the necessaries and conveniences of life, where in a +location of ten miles square, if the wisdom of Congress +shall so direct, the States of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and +Virginia may participate in such location." +</p> +<p> +It is clear from the inclusion of Pennsylvania as one of +the participating States, and the reference to "above tide +water" that the Virginia legislators of those days had in +mind a tract somewhat higher up the river than that which +was eventually chosen. Indeed, the first Act of Congress<a +href="#note23" name="noteref23" +class="fnanchor"><small>[23]</small> +</a> +dealing with this subject set the limits within which the +Federal District was to be established "on the river +Potomac, at some place between the mouths of the Eastern +Branch and Connogochegue" (a tributary of the Potomac some +20 miles south of the Pennsylvania State line) and +authorized the President to appoint three commissioners to +survey and "by proper metes and bounds" define and limit +the district to be accepted by the Congress. +</p> +<p> +By a proclamation of January 24, 1791,<a href="#note24" +name="noteref24" class="fnanchor"><small>[24]</small> +</a> +President Washington directed that a survey should be made. +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… after duly examining and weighing the advantages +and disadvantages of the several situations within the +limits aforesaid, I do hereby declare and make known that +the location of one part of the said district of 10 miles +square shall be found by running four lines of experiment +in the following manner, that is to say: Running from the +court-house of Alexandria, in Virginia, due southwest half +a mile, and thence a due southeast course till it shall +strike Hunting Creek, to fix the beginning of the said four +lines of experiment. +</p> +<p> +"Then beginning the first of the said four lines of +experiment at the point on Hunting Creek where the said +southeast course shall have struck the same, and running to +the said first line due northwest 10 miles; thence the +second line into Maryland due northeast 10 miles; thence +the third line due southeast 10 miles, and thence the +fourth line due southwest 10 miles to the beginning on +Hunting Creek." +</p> +</div> +<p> +Since the tract thus specified did not lie within the +limits set by the Act of July 1790, the Congress was asked +to authorize the moving of the southern boundary point of +the "ten miles square" farther south to include the Eastern +Branch and the town of Alexandria. Accordingly, the Act of +July 16, 1790, was amended by an Act approved March 3, +1791: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… it shall be lawful for the President to make any +part of the territory below the said limit [the confluence +of the Eastern Branch with the Potomac] and above the mouth +of Hunting Creek, a part of said district, so as to include +a convenient part of the Eastern Branch, and of the lands +lying on the lower side thereof and also the town of +Alexandria...." +</p> +</div> +<p> +No time was lost in establishing definite boundaries for +the new district, and on March 30, 1791, President +Washington issued a proclamation declaring +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"that the whole of the said territory shall be located and +included within the four lines following, that is to say: +</p> +<p> +"Beginning at Jones's Point, being the upper cape of +Hunting Creek, in Virginia, and at an angle in the outset +of 45 degrees west of the north, and running in a direct +line 10 miles for the first line; then beginning again at +the same Jones's Point and running another direct line at a +right angle with the first across the Potomac 10 miles for +the second line; then from the termination of the said +first and second lines running two other direct lines of 10 +miles each, the one crossing the Eastern Branch aforesaid +and the other the Potomac, and meeting each other in a +point. +</p> +<p> +"… and the territory so to be located, defined, and +limited shall be the whole territory accepted by the said +acts of Congress as the district for the permanent seat of +the Government of the United States."<a href="#note25" +name="noteref25" class="fnanchor"><small>[25]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +The cornerstone was set at Jones Point, on the bank of the +Potomac below Alexandria, on April 15, 1791. Many of the +original stones, set at intervals of one mile along the +boundary, are still in place though badly showing the +effects of time.<a href="#note26" name="noteref26" +class="fnanchor"><small>[26]</small> +</a> +The stone referred to earlier—at the northwest corner +of present Arlington County—is chipped and almost +overgrown by the great oak tree near which it was placed. A +small tract surround this stone has been set aside as a +public park, jointly owned by the City of Falls Church and +the counties of Arlington and Fairfax. +</p> +<p> +It is interesting that the Acts of Congress setting up the +District of Columbia should have specified that no public +buildings were to be erected on the Virginia side of the +Potomac.<a href="#note27" name="noteref27" +class="fnanchor"><small>[27]</small> +</a> +The Act of 1790 empowered the commissioners to buy or +accept the gift of land for the site of public buildings +only on the eastern side of the Potomac. The Act of 1791 +made this limitation more explicit: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… nothing herein contained, shall authorize the +erection of public buildings otherwise than on the Maryland +side of the river Potomac." +</p> +</div> +<p> +It is curious that this should have been so since the +General Assembly of Virginia in 1789 followed its Act +ceding territory for the formation of a Federal District by +a joint resolution promising to appropriate not less than +$120,000 (a considerable sum in those days) for public +buildings in this territory if Maryland would put up an +amount not less than three-fifths as much. The fact that +there were no Federal office buildings on the Virginia side +of the Potomac was used as an argument for the retrocession +of this area in mid-19th Century. +</p> +<p> +The compromise which had resulted in the selection of the +Potomac as the site of the Federal District included an +agreement that the seat of the Government should be in +Philadelphia for a period of ten years. Accordingly, it was +not until 1800 that the Congress and Government offices +were moved to the City of Washington in the District of +Columbia. +</p> +<p> +Almost from the beginning there was dissatisfaction among +the inhabitants of Alexandria County at being part of the +District of Columbia. This sentiment crystallized in 1846 +when the General Assembly adopted an Act<a href="#note28" +name="noteref28" class="fnanchor"><small>[28]</small> +</a> +expressing the willingness of Virginia to accept the +territory should the Congress re-cede it. A petition was +presented to the Congress by the residents requesting that +this be done. The petition was referred to the Committee on +the District which reported: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"The experience of more than forty years seems to have +demonstrated that the cession of the county and town of +Alexandria was unnecessary for any of the purposes of a +seat of government, mischievous to the interests of the +State at large, and especially injurious to the people of +that portion which was ceded by Virginia."<a href="#note29" +name="noteref29" class="fnanchor"><small>[29]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +Accordingly, a bill was introduced to turn back to Virginia +the area ceded by it in 1789. After considerable debate as +to its constitutionality, the bill was enacted on July 9, +1846. It stipulated that the retrocession should be +contingent upon a referendum among the people of the area +in question. The referendum was held<a href="#note30" +name="noteref30" class="fnanchor"><small>[30]</small> +</a> +and the vote was 763 for and 222 against retrocession. +</p> +<p> +On September 7, 1846, President Polk announced the results +of the referendum and called "upon all and singular the +persons whom it doth or may concern to take notice that the +act aforesaid [of July 9, 1846] 'is in full force and +effect.'"<a href="#note31" name="noteref31" +class="fnanchor"><small>[31]</small> +</a> +It was not until the next year, however, that Virginia got +around to extending its jurisdiction over the "county of +Alexandria." On March 13, 1847, "An Act to extend the +jurisdiction of the Commonwealth of Virginia over the +county of Alexandria" was passed. It stated: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… The territory comprising the county of Alexandria +in the District of Columbia heretofore ceded by this +Commonwealth to the United States and by an Act of Congress +of July 9, 1846, retroceded to Virginia and by it accepted +shall be an integral portion of the Commonwealth." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The Act provided that after March 20, 1847, the laws of +Virginia were to be in force in this territory, and went +on: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"That the territory so retroceded and accepted, comprising +the county of Alexandria, shall constitute a new county, +retaining the name of the county of Alexandria, the court- +house whereof shall be in the Town of Alexandria where the +courts now sit...."<a href="#note32" name="noteref32" +class="fnanchor"><small>[32]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +Tentative efforts have been made from time to time to re- +annex this area to the District of Columbia. It was on one +such occasion, in 1865, that a "Remonstrance of the Mayor +and Citizens of Alexandria against the Bill to annex the +city and county of Alexandria to the District of Columbia" +concluded that "Annexation to the District at this time is +repugnant to the feelings and wishes and would be ruinous +to the interests of the people of Alexandria." +</p> +<a name="14"> + +</a> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Arlington's Boundary with the City of Alexandria +</i> +</p> +<p> +Until 1870, Alexandria, first as a Town and, after 1852 as +a City, was geographically part of the County of +Alexandria. However, its boundaries must be considered from +the beginning because all Acts extending the area of the +Town were made in reference to the pre-existing limits. It +is impossible to comprehend the effect of any given change +without tracing the boundaries back to—or forward +from—the beginning. (Map III.) +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/map1.jpg" alt="MAP III" width="355" +height="500"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +MAP III +<br> +Boundaries of the Town and City of Alexandria 1749 to 1915 +</p> +<p class="ralign"> +Drafted by W.B. Allison and B. Sims +</p> +<p> +In 1748, a charter was issued to a group of trustees to +establish a Town +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"covering 60 acres of land, parcel of the lands of Philip +Alexander, John Alexander, and Hugh West, situate, lying +and being on the south side of Potomac River about the +mouth of Great Hunting Creek and in the county of Fairfax +… beginning at the mouth of the first branch above +the warehouse, and extending down the meanders of the said +River Potomac to a point called Middle Point, and thence +down the said river ten poles; and from thence by a line +parallel to the dividing line between John Alexander's land +and Philip Alexander, and back into the woods for the +quantity aforesaid."<a href="#note33" name="noteref33" +class="fnanchor"><small>[33]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +The land was surveyed and lots sold by auction in July +1749. A map with a notation of the purchasers was made by +George Washington,<a href="#note1" name="noteref34" +class="fnanchor"><small>[34]</small> +</a> +at that time a boy of seventeen. On the north, the lots lay +along the north side of Oronoco Street, one block below +Water Street (later Lee; at that time it was interrupted +between Queen and King Streets by the shore line of the +River), and on the south, lots were laid off on the south +side of Duke Street. The Potomac with its bend between +Oronoco and the south side of Prince Street, formed the +eastern boundary, while the western was a line of lots on +the west side of Royal Street. There were 84 lots in all, +four to a block for the most part except for the northwest +portion where a stream, rising on Pitt Street between +Cameron and Queen, drained into the Potomac north of +Oronoco Street. This is the "first branch above the +warehouse" referred to in the charter. +</p> +<p> +The first increment came in 1762 when the General Assembly +passed "An Act for enlarging the town of Alexandria in the +county of Fairfax."<a href="#note35" name="noteref35" +class="fnanchor"><small>[35]</small> +</a> +On the ground that all of the lots included within the +bounds of the town had been built on except for some lying +in low wet marsh, this Act included in Alexandria the +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… lands of Baldwin Dade, Sibel West, John Alexander +the elder and John Alexander the younger which lie +contiguous to the said town … beginning at the corner +of the lot denoted in the plan of said town by the figures +77 [at the south side of Duke St., three lots from its +intersection with Water (Lee) Street] on the said river +Potowmack, at the lower end of the said town, and to extend +thence down the said river the breadth of two half acres, +and one street thence back into the fields, by a line +parallel to the lower line of the said town, such a +distance as to include ten half acre lots and four streets; +thence by a line parallel with the present back line of the +said town to the extent of seventeen half acre lots and +eight streets, and from thence by a line at right angles +with the last to the river." +</p> +</div> +<p> +Until 1779 the Town of Alexandria had had no formal +government, being managed by a Board of Trustees whose +interest was primarily in the sale of land. In that year, +however, the Town was incorporated by the General Assembly +with provision for a Mayor, Council, and other officials. +The charter<a href="#note36" name="noteref36" +class="fnanchor"><small>[36]</small> +</a> +made no mention of boundaries except to give the town +authorities jurisdiction over the territory within a half +mile of the town limits. Another Act<a href="#note37" +name="noteref37" class="fnanchor"><small>[37]</small> +</a> +adopted at the same session stated that lots had been laid +off by John Alexander adjacent to the town in 1774 and sold +with the stipulation that they be built on within two +years. Because of the difficulty of obtaining building +materials due to wartime conditions not all the purchasers +had been able to meet this requirement. The Act extended +the period within which building on these lots was required +to two years +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"after the end of the present war … and the same are +hereby annexed to and made part of the said town of +Alexandria." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The width and direction of the streets to be laid off in +the area surrounding the Town was regulated by an Act of +1785,<a href="#note38" name="noteref38" +class="fnanchor"><small>[38]</small> +</a> +but this did not extend the actual town limits. The area +affected was described as: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning at Great Hunting Creek and running parallel with +Fairfax street to four mile run or creek so as to intersect +King street when extended one mile west of the courthouse, +thence eastwardly down the said creek or run to its +confluence with the Potomac river, thence southwardly down +the said river to the mouth of Great Hunting Creek...." +</p> +</div> +<p> +In the next year, however, the Legislature provided +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"That the limits of the town of Alexandria shall extend to +and include as well the lots formerly composing the said +town, as those adjoining thereto which have been and are +improved."<a href="#note39" name="noteref39" +class="fnanchor"><small>[39]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +The town was still growing, and ten years later the General +Assembly again extended its legal limits. +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Whereas several additions of lots contiguous to the town +of Alexandria have been laid off by the proprietors of the +land in lots of half an acre each extending to the north +that range of lots upon the north side of a street called +Montgomery; upon the south, to the line of the District of +Columbia [this line had been surveyed but Alexandria had +not yet been incorporated in the District] upon the west, +to a range of lots upon the west side of West street, and +upon the east to the river Patowmac; that many of the lots +in those additions have already been built upon, and many +more will so be improved; and whereas it has been +represented to the General Assembly that the inhabitants +residing on said lots are not subject to the regulations +made and established for the orderly government of the town +and for the preservation of the health of the inhabitants, +by the prevention and removal of nuisances, upon which +their property and well being does very much depend: +</p> +<p> +"1. +<i> +Be it Therefore Enacted</i>: That each and every lot or +part of a lot within the aforesaid limits, on which at this +time is built a dwelling house of at least 16 feet square, +or equal thereto in size, with a brick or stone chimney and +that each and every lot within said limits which shall +hereafter be so built upon, shall be incorporated with the +said town of Alexandria and considered as part thereof."<a +href="#note40" name="noteref40" +class="fnanchor"><small>[40]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +The following year this Act was amended<a href="#note41" +name="noteref41" class="fnanchor"><small>[41]</small> +</a> +to include unimproved lots since their development was +being hindered by the exclusion. These were the boundaries +of the Town when it became part of the District of +Columbia. They remained unchanged for nearly half a century +thereafter. The charter for the town adopted by the +Congress on February 25, 1804,<a href="#note42" +name="noteref42" class="fnanchor"><small>[42]</small> +</a> +specified that the limits should be those prescribed by the +Acts of Virginia. The jurisdiction of the town officials, +however, was extended to the +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"house lately built in the vicinity of the town for the +accommodation of the poor and others" +</p> +</div> +<p> +and over the ten acres of ground surrounding the poor +house. This is at what is now Monroe Street and Jefferson +Davis Highway. Although the Charter was amended several +times while Alexandria was in the District, no changes were +made in the Town boundaries. +</p> +<p> +After the retrocession of "the county and town of +Alexandria" (v.s., p. 13) not only were the boundaries +changed, but the Town was chartered as a City. Section 22 +of the new charter<a href="#note43" name="noteref43" +class="fnanchor"><small>[43]</small> +</a> +provided: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"The line of the City of Alexandria shall be extended on +the north and west as follows: Beginning in the Potomac +River at a point distant northerly in the direction of +Fairfax Street four hundred nineteen feet and two inches +from the north line of the present corporate limits of the +town of Alexandria in said river, and running thence +westerly, parallel with said north line, to a point at +which it would intersect the present western line if +extended north four hundred nineteen feet and ten inches; +thence southwesterly with the present western line but the +said city council shall have authority to make such police +and sanitary regulations of the territory reaching ten feet +west of the western bank of Hooff's or Mushpot Run; then +parallel to and at that distance from said run to the line +dividing Alexandria from Fairfax county; then southeasterly +with said dividing line to the present southwest corner of +the said town of Alexandria." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The next year the Charter was amended,<a href="#note44" +name="noteref44" class="fnanchor"><small>[44]</small> +</a> +again altering the boundaries: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning in the Potomac river at a point distant +northwardly in the direction of Fairfax street four hundred +and nineteen feet and two inches from the present north +line of the corporate limits of the town in said river, and +running westerly parallel to said north line to intersect +the west line of said limits produced northwardly four +hundred and nineteen feet and two inches; thence +southwardly with said west line produced to the northwest +corner of the said limits; thence eastwardly with the said +north line into the river; then northwardly to the +beginning: Beginning again at the intersection of the +northwestern line of said limits with the north line of +Cameron street; then southwardly with said western line, to +the county line; then northwardly with the county line to +the point where it intersects the brick wall on the south +side of the Little River Turnpike road; then northwardly by +a straight line to the east corner of John Hooff's lot on +the south side of King street extended; then crossing King +street extended to the west corner of the lot of the late +Col. Francis Peyton; then with the west line of said lot +and the course thereof to the north line of Cameron street +extended; then by a straight line to the beginning." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The next addition came in 1858<a href="#note45" +name="noteref45" class="fnanchor"><small>[45]</small> +</a> +when the boundaries were described as: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning in the Potomac River, at a point distant +northerly, in the direction of Fairfax Street five hundred +and ninety five feet and nine inches from the north line of +Montgomery street, as now established in said city, and +extended into said river; and running thence westerly and +parallel with said north line to a point at which this +course will intersect a line one hundred twenty three feet +and five inches west of and running parallel to the western +line of West street as now established, when extended; +thence southerly parallel with West street, to the north +line of Cameron street as now established; thence westerly +in the direction of the north line of Cameron street +extended, to a point in a line with the west line of the +lot of the late Francis Peyton, on which he resided; thence +southerly, parallel with West street, to the south line of +King street, extended; thence in a straight line to a point +in the line dividing the county of Fairfax and Alexandria +from each other, ten feet west of Hoof's Run; thence +southerly, parallel to, and distant 10 feet from Hoof's Run +to the middle of Hunting Creek thence with the middle of +Hunting Creek into the Potomac River; then up the said +river to the beginning." +</p> +</div> +<p> +This line remained in effect until January 27, 1865, when +an amendment to the charter<a href="#note46" +name="noteref46" class="fnanchor"><small>[46]</small> +</a> +withdrew from the jurisdiction of the city all the +territory in Fairfax county (bounded by the old District +line, Hooff's Run and Hunting Creek) which had been added +to the town by the charter of 1858. The next year, on +January 25, 1866, the General Assembly rescinded this +action and restored the boundaries of 1858.<a +href="#note47" name="noteref47" +class="fnanchor"><small>[47]</small> +</a> +A further change occurred in this area on February 20, +1871, when the last part of the description was changed to +read: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"… to a point in the line dividing the county of +Fairfax and Alexandria from each other, ten feet west of +Hooff's Run; thence southerly with the said line into the +Potomac River; thence up said river to the beginning."<a +href="#note48" name="noteref48" +class="fnanchor"><small>[48]</small> +</a> +</p> +</div> +<p> +A major change occurred on May 1, 1870, when the City of +Alexandria was excluded from the County. This came about +through the implementation of an Act of the Assembly<a +href="#note49" name="noteref49" +class="fnanchor"><small>[49]</small> +</a> +following the adoption of a new Virginia Constitution in +1869. In delineating the magisterial districts into which +counties were to be divided it was provided that "no part +of any town or city having a separate organization, or a +population of five thousand or more inhabitants, shall be +embraced." Alexandria was such a city and thereafter was +independent of as well as outside of the County. +</p> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/map4.jpg" alt="MAP IV" width="341" +height="500"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +MAP IV +<br> +Areas Annexed by the City of Alexandria in 1915 and 1929 +</p> +<p class="ralign"> +Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims +</p> +<p> +There were no further legislative changes in the boundaries +of the City of Alexandria after 1871. In 1915, however, the +Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia, reversed a decision +of the Circuit Court of Alexandria County given on January +13, 1913. The City Council of Alexandria had sought to +annex adjoining territory from both Fairfax and Alexandria +counties and had been opposed by the authorities of those +counties who had been upheld by the Circuit Court. The +Order of the Supreme Court of Appeals<a href="#note50" +name="noteref50" class="fnanchor"><small>[50]</small> +</a> +transferred 866 acres from Arlington and 450 acres from +Fairfax to Alexandria. +</p> +<p> +This annexation took effect on April 1, 1915. Once more +thereafter Arlington County—as it became known after +1920<a href="#note51" name="noteref51" +class="fnanchor"><small>[51]</small></a>—was to lose +territory to the City of Alexandria. This was in 1929 when +a decision of the Supreme Court of Appeals<a href="#note52" +name="noteref52" class="fnanchor"><small>[52]</small> +</a> +rendered May 4, 1929, found in favor of the City of +Alexandria which had begun annexation proceedings in +December 1927. +</p> +<p> +The Court held that "it is necessary and expedient that the +corporate limits of the City of Alexandria should be +extended" and that "the territory to be annexed from +Arlington County is a reasonably compact body of land and +contains no land which is not adapted to city improvement, +and the Court being also of the opinion that no land is +included which the City will not need in the reasonably +near future for development …" +</p> +<p> +The Court ordered the annexation<a href="#note53" +name="noteref53" class="fnanchor"><small>[53]</small> +</a> +to take effect on December 31, 1929. The line thus +established remained in effect until January 1, 1966. +</p> +<p> +This was the last annexation of territory from Arlington +County. A special provision of the Act<a href="#note54" +name="noteref54" class="fnanchor"><small>[54]</small> +</a> +establishing the County Manager plan of government, adopted +by Arlington in 1930, effective January 1, 1932, prevents +the annexation of any +<i> +part +</i> +of the County (but permits annexation of the +<i> +entire +</i> +County after referendum). In 1938, as a further precaution, +the legislative delegation representing Arlington County +succeeded in having the General Assembly enact a law<a +href="#note55" name="noteref55" +class="fnanchor"><small>[55]</small> +</a> +which prohibits the annexation of territory from any county +which would result in reducing the area of that county to +less than 60 square miles of highland. Since Arlington has +less than 26 square miles, this Act effectively checks any +further such encroachments upon its territory. +</p> +<p> +Development on both sides of the 1929 boundary line, +construction of streets and notably of the Henry G. Shirley +Memorial Highway—and especially changes in the +channel of Four Mile Run—eventually brought +dissatisfaction with that line. In 1962, the Arlington and +Alexandria legislative delegations secured enactment by the +General Assembly of an Act<a href="#note56" +name="noteref56" class="fnanchor"><small>[56]</small> +</a> +permitting an adjustment in the boundary to be concluded by +mutual agreement between the governing bodies of the County +and the City, the agreement to be recorded in the Clerk's +Office of both jurisdictions. +</p> +<p> +Negotiations began after the area affected had been +surveyed and the private property which might be the +subject of exchange had been appraised. Impetus was given +by the need of Arlington for land in connection with +enlargement of the County sewage treatment facilities; this +land, although on the North side of Four Mile Run fell in +Alexandria. Finally, the Arlington County Board gave +approval in principle to a draft proposal on April 10, +1965,<a href="#note57" name="noteref57" +class="fnanchor"><small>[57]</small> +</a> +and on April 13, 1965, the Alexandria City Council followed +suit. A public hearing was held on May 5, 1965, but final +action was deferred pending refinement of the proposal. In +December 1965, the final agreement was recorded<a +href="#note58" name="noteref58" +class="fnanchor"><small>[58]</small> +</a> +and the transfer of certain publicly owned property +approved by the Circuit Court. The net gain to Arlington's +area was 167 acres. +</p> +<p> +This procedure for rectifying boundaries between a County +and a City is highly unusual in the Virginia experience. +</p> +<a name="24"> + +</a> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Arlington's Boundary with the District of Columbia +</i> +</p> +<p> +No definite effort was made at the time of the recession of +Alexandria County to Virginia to draw a boundary line +between the County and the remaining portion of the +District of Columbia. As noted above, the various acts +bringing about the recession referred only to "the +territory heretofore ceded by the Commonwealth of +Virginia." The actual boundary was of small moment at the +time. +</p> +<p> +Toward the end of the 19th Century, however, the United +States Government acquired lands on the Virginia shore of +the Potomac largely through the purchase of the Arlington +estate. As the 20th Century progressed, roads (notably the +Mount Vernon Boulevard and later the George Washington +Memorial Parkway) were constructed, bridges and bridge +approaches built and, eventually, the Federal Government +undertook to construct the National Airport at Gravelly +Point below Alexander's Island. A suit<a href="#note59" +name="noteref59" class="fnanchor"><small>[59]</small> +</a> +over government activity in making a land fill raised +questions as to the exact location of the +boundary—and indeed as to whether Alexander's Island +really was an island or was a peninsula. This case, decided +by the U.S. Supreme Court on May 4, 1931, set the boundary +line between the District of Columbia and Virginia at the +high water mark of the Potomac on the Virginia shore as it +existed in 1791. +</p> +<p> +But where had that high water mark been? There had been no +survey at the time; the shore line had never been marked; +and even had it been, the passage of time had made many +changes in the river front.<a href="#note60" +name="noteref60" class="fnanchor"><small>[60]</small> +</a> +A Commission was established<a href="#note61" +name="noteref61" class="fnanchor"><small>[61]</small></a>to +deal with this question. The instructions to this +Commission were to take into consideration the decisions of +the Supreme Court of the United States, the findings and +report of the Maryland-Virginia Commission of 1877<a +href="#note62" name="noteref62" +class="fnanchor"><small>[62]</small> +</a> +and the Maryland-Virginia compact of 1785.<a href="#note63" +name="noteref63" class="fnanchor"><small>[63]</small> +</a> +</p> +<p> +The Commission accumulated a large volume of testimony and +exhibits and completed its report<a href="#note64" +name="noteref64" class="fnanchor"><small>[64]</small> +</a> +in 1935. It found that the "fair and proper boundary is the +low water mark on the Virginia shore running from headland +to headland across creeks and inlets." It pointed out that +inasmuch as the mark of 1791 could not be determined the +low water mark should be accepted as of this day. It +suggested that an exception be made at Roaches Run where +the line should run 150 feet west of and parallel to the +west line of the Mount Vernon Boulevard. +</p> +<p> +Several bills<a href="#note65" name="noteref65" +class="fnanchor"><small>[65]</small> +</a> +were introduced into Congress to give effect to the +decision of the Commission but none was enacted at this +time. The completion of the Airport and the Pentagon +Building gave urgency to the problem: conflicts of +jurisdiction hampered law enforcement and complicated the +question of tax collection. Moreover, Virginia was anxious +to insure that the liquor control laws of the State and not +those of the District of Columbia should be in effect at +the National Airport. In 1942, the General Assembly had +adopted an Act<a href="#note66" name="noteref66" +class="fnanchor"><small>[66]</small> +</a> +covering the boundary question, on the assumption that the +bill then pending in Congress would be passed. Disagreement +over the details of the jurisdiction to be ceded and +accepted by Virginia and the United States Government +prevented passage of a Federal Act until 1945 when Public +Law 208 was enacted by the 79th Congress. This was followed +by an Act<a href="#note67" name="noteref67" +class="fnanchor"><small>[67]</small> +</a> +of the Virginia General Assembly repealing the 1942 Act and +ratifying the 1945 Federal Act. +</p> +<p> +This law is in effect today. It provides that the boundary +line +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"shall begin at a point where the northwest boundary of the +District of Columbia intercepts the high-water mark of the +Virginia shore of the Potomac River and following the +present mean high-water mark; thence in a southeasterly +direction along the Virginia shore of the Potomac River to +Little River, along the Virginia shore of Little River to +Boundary Channel, along the Virginia side of Boundary +Channel to the main body of the Potomac River, along the +Virginia side of the Potomac River across the mouths of all +tributaries affected by the tides of the river to Second +Street, Alexandria, Virginia, from Second Street to the +present established pierhead line, and following said +pierhead line to its connection with the District of +Columbia-Maryland boundary line; that whenever said mean +high-watermark on the Virginia shore is altered by +artificial fill and excavations made by the United States, +or by alluvion or erosion, then the boundary shall follow +the new mean high-water mark on the Virginia shore as +altered, or whenever the location of the pierhead line +along the Alexandria water front is altered, then the +boundary shall follow the new location of the pierhead +line." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The Act also provided that all the land on the Virginia +side of the Potomac lying between the boundary line as now +adopted and the mean high water mark as it existed on +January 24, 1791 (wherever that was!) should be ceded to +the State of Virginia. The United States, however, reserved +concurrent jurisdiction over this area. +</p> +<p> +Here the matter rests very uneasily today. The exact line +was surveyed, monumented, and mapped by the U.S. Coast and +Geodetic Survey over the years 1946-1947.<a href="#note68" +name="noteref68" class="fnanchor"><small>[68]</small> +</a> +However, the working agreements reached by the law +enforcement officials of the various jurisdictions +concerned have not always proven satisfactory. The long +history of the location of the Potomac River boundary of +Arlington County cannot yet be said to have reached its +end. +</p> +<a name="27"> + +</a> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Postscript—Towns in Arlington County +</i> +</p> +<p> +Of the three towns which have lain within Arlington County, +the only one whose limits have been of importance to the +territorial extent of the County is Alexandria. +Nonetheless, to complete the record, some mention should be +made of the Town of Potomac and the Town of Falls Church, +the first of which lay wholly within Arlington, and the +second, partly so. +</p> +<p> +Falls Church is the older town. It was chartered by the +General Assembly on March 30, 1875.<a href="#note69" +name="noteref69" class="fnanchor"><small>[69]</small> +</a> +The charter set forth the boundaries as: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning at the corner of Alexandria and Fairfax Counties +on J. C. DePutron's farm; thence to the corner of W. H. +Ellison and Koon [sic] on D. H. Barrett's line; thence to +the corner of Sewell and Hollidge, on the new cut road; +thence to the corner of J. E. Birch and H. J. England, on +the Falls Church and Fairfax Courthouse road; thence to a +stone in the road being a corner of B. F. Shreve, Newton, +and others; thence to the crossing of the Alexandria and +Georgetown roads at Taylor's corners; thence along the line +of said Georgetown road to the corner of Samuel Shreve and +John Febrey; thence to a pin oak tree near Dr. L. E. Gott's +spring; thence to the northeast corner of John Brown's +barn; thence to the crossing of Isaac Crossmun's and +Bowen's line on the Chain Bridge Road; thence to the place +of beginning." +</p> +</div> +<div class="figcenter"> +<img src="images/map5.jpg" alt="MAP V" width="328" +height="500"> +</div> +<p class="caption"> +MAP V +<br> +The Towns of Falls Church and Potomac in Arlington County +</p> +<p class="ralign"> +Drafted by W. B. Allison and B. Sims +</p> +<p> +After Arlington adopted the County Manager form of +government, the residents of so much of the Town of Falls +Church as lay within Arlington County (Map V) sought to +have the charter amended to reduce the limits of the Town +to that portion which lay in Fairfax. An action was brought +on July 7, 1932, and the Circuit Court granted the petition +on January 17, 1935.<a href="#note70" name="noteref70" +class="fnanchor"><small>[70]</small> +</a> +This decision was appealed, however, and it was not until +the next year (April 30, 1936) that the order went into +effect,<a href="#note71" name="noteref71" +class="fnanchor"><small>[71]</small> +</a> +after the lower court had been upheld by the Virginia +Supreme Court of Appeals. +</p> +<p> +The area affected by the order is described as: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning at a large planted stone on the estate of the +late J. C. DePutron, at the original western corner of the +District of Columbia, which is also at the corner of +Fairfax and Arlington counties, and at the corner of the +Town of Falls Church; thence with the boundary of said Town +S. 83° 155′ E. 2,404 feet more or less, to a +planted stone in the center of Little Falls Street also +called the Chain Bridge Road, at a point at which said +street is intersected by the boundary of the land formerly +known as the Bowen tract; thence with the boundary of said +Town S. 49° 15′ E. 3,482 feet, more or less, to +a planted granite stone at a point which formerly marked +the northeast corner of John Brown's barn; thence with the +boundary of said Town S. 28° 45′ E. 2,410 feet, +more or less, to a point at which there formerly stood a +large pin oak on the Gott tract; thence with the boundary +of the said Town S. 4° 15′ W. to the boundary +between Fairfax and Arlington counties; thence with the +said boundary in a northwesterly direction to the place of +beginning." +</p> +</div> +<p> +The Town of Potomac was chartered by the General Assembly +in 1908.<a href="#note72" name="noteref72" +class="fnanchor"><small>[72]</small> +</a> +Its boundaries (Map V) were described as: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning at the north intersection of Bellefont Avenue in +the subdivision of 'Del Ray' with the Washington and +Alexandria Turnpike, thence northerly along the west line +of the Turnpike to the old Georgetown Road, the northern +boundary of the subdivision of St. Elmo; thence westerly +along the south side of the Georgetown Road to the dividing +line of Susan P. A. Calvert and Charles E. Wood; thence +with the line of Calvert and Wood to the west line of the +Washington, Alexandria and Mt. Vernon R.R. Co., to its +intersection with Lloyd's Lane and Bellefont Avenue to the +beginning." +</p> +</div> +<p> +All this area was included in the annexation to Alexandria +which was effected in 1929 (cf. p. 23). +</p> +<p> +One proposed town deserves mention. In 1920 a group of +citizens petitioned the Circuit Court for a town charter +for Clarendon. The Court denied the petition. Upon appeal, +the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia upheld the lower +court, declaring that all of Arlington County was a +"continuous, contiguous, and homogeneous community" and as +such should not be subjected to subdivision for the purpose +of incorporating a town.<a href="#note73" name="noteref73" +class="fnanchor"><small>[73]</small> +</a> +Since Arlington is even more a "continuous, contiguous, and +homogeneous" community than it was in 1922 there is no +prospect that ever again will there be a town within the +bounds of the County. +</p> +<a name="appendix"> + +</a> +<p class="chapter"> +APPENDIX +</p> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Annexation of 1915 +</i> +</p> +<p> +Text of the order of the Supreme Court of Appeals setting +the area to be annexed by Alexandria as of April 1, 1915: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"1st. That the following territory in Fairfax County be, +and the same is hereby annexed to the City of Alexandria, +to wit:—Beginning at a point in mid-channel of +Hunting Creek southward of Alexandria Water Company's +pumping station with the east side of a lane, called +Robert's Lane; running thence northwardly with the east +line of said Lane, extended, and with the east line of said +Lane to the south side of the Little River Turnpike; thence +across the Little River Turnpike in the same direction to +the extreme west corner of Shooter's Hill section of George +Washington Park sub-division; thence with the west boundary +of said Shooter's Hill section to the corner of said +Shooter's Hill section and Section No. 2 of said sub- +division; thence with the west boundary of said Section No. +2 of said sub-division to a point on the south side of +Janney's Road fifty (50) feet west from the intersection of +the south side of Janney's Road and the west side of the +Leesburg Turnpike; thence continuing to about 25 degrees +east to the old District of Columbia line, being the +dividing line between said Fairfax County and Alexandria +County; and thence southwestwardly with the said old +District line to Jones Point on the Potomac River; thence +southwardly down the said River to the mid-channel of +Hunting Creek: thence with the meanderings of the mid- +channel of Hunting Creek up stream, to the point of +beginning.... 2nd. That the following described territory +in Alexandria County be, and the same is, hereby annexed to +the City of Alexandria: Beginning at the northwest corner +of the present city boundary, and extended said line +westwardly, in the same course until it intersects with the +north side of the Braddock Road; thence southwardly, to the +Old District line at the northwest corner of the land +annexed from Fairfax County; thence with the said old +District line southeastwardly to the southwest corner of +the present city boundary about twenty feet west of Hooff's +Run; thence following the western boundary line of the +present city to the northwest corner of the present +boundary line of the city and the point of beginning.... +And it is further ordered that the boundary lines of the +City of Alexandria after annexation shall be as follows: +Beginning in the Potomac River at the northeast corner of +the present boundary of the City of Alexandria and +following the present north boundary line of the City of +Alexandria to the northwest corner of the City, thence +prolonging said line in the same direction until it +intersects with the north side of the Braddock Road; then +southwardly to a point on the south side of Janney's Lane +fifty (50) feet from the west side of Leesburg Turnpike; +thence southwardly along the west boundary line of George +Washington Park subdivision to the Alexandria Water Company +property and reservoir; thence southwardly with the west +line of Alexandria Water Company's property to the north +side of the Little River Turnpike; thence across the Little +River Turnpike and with the east side of Robert's Lane and +continuing with the east side of Robert's Lane extended to +the mid-channel of Hunting Creek; thence downstream with +the meandering of the mid-channel of Hunting Creek to the +Potomac River, thence up the Potomac River to Jones Point +and thence with the west side of the Potomac River to the +point of beginning, the northeast corner of the present +boundary of the City of Alexandria." +</p> +</div> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Annexation of 1929 +</i> +</p> +<p> +Text of the order of the Supreme Court of Appeals setting +the area to be annexed by Alexandria as of December 31, +1929: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"Beginning at the intersection of the north corporate +limits of Alexandria Virginia with the west shore of the +Potomac River, thence extending N. 80° 39′ W. +along said north boundary line to the northwest corner of +the corporate limits as the same was established prior to +the year 1915; +thence with the line as established March 22, 1915, and +continuing said north corporate line N. 80° 39′ +W., 4,353.86 feet to a set stone at the corner on the north +side of the Braddock Road within the subdivision of +Northwest Alexandria; thence S. 30° 11′ W., +1,892.20 feet +to the intersection with the line separating Fairfax and +Arlington Counties; thence with the line of said two +counties N. 45° 02′ 50″ W., 6,434.88 feet +to a point in the center line of the Braddock Road (having +passed over an original milestone in said county line at +3,244.70 feet); +thence following along the center line of said Braddock +Road, S. 84° 22′ 30″ E., 264.20 feet to a +point where said Braddock Road is intersected by the +southwardly projection of the Seminary Road: thence +departing from said Braddock Road and following along the +center line of said Seminary +Road the following courses: N. 5° 02′ 30″ +E. 811.50 feet, N. 22° 46′ 30″ E. 611.05 +feet, N. 1° 23′ W., 1,551.40 feet, N. 20° +03′ E. 319.13 feet, N. 19° 48′ E. 385.49 +feet, N. 37° 45′ W. 183.32 feet, N. 2° +57′ E. 140.89 feet, +N. 28° 00′ E. 165.41 feet, N. 5° 59′ +E., 145.83 feet N. 13° 47′ W. 436.37 feet, N. +9° 02′ W. 1,447.08 feet, and N. 2° +10′ 30″ E. 274.90 feet to the point where said +center line of said Seminary Road intersects the south +right-of-way line of the +Washington and Old Dominion Railway; thence with said south +right-of-way line S. 77° 39′ 30″ E., +1885.80 more or less, to the center line of the channel of +Four Mile Run; thence down the mid-channel line of said +Four Mile Run following the meanderings thereof as the same +passes under the +Washington Virginia Railway (now the Mount Vernon, +Alexandria and Washington Railway) the Washington and +Alexandria Road, and extending to the intersection of the +said Run with the Potomac River; thence following along the +west shore line of said Potomac River southwardly to the +point of beginning." +</p> +</div> +<p class="head"> +<i> +Boundary Adjustment 1966 +</i> +</p> +<p> +Text of the description of the new Arlington-Alexandria +boundary in effect on January 1, 1966, by mutual agreement: +</p> +<div class="blockquote"> +<p> +"A line beginning at a point on the common boundary between +Fairfax County and the City of Alexandria, Virginia, said +point being in the existing right of way of Route #7 and is +further defined as point #134 having Virginia State +Coordinates of N. 431,495.42 and E. 2,395,581.64 as shown +on a map recorded with a deed of annexation in Deed Book +332, page 559, of the land records of the City of +Alexandria, Virginia; thence running along said common +boundary N. 55° 50′ 10″ E., 69.09 feet to +the boundary corner #135 whose coordinates are N. +431,534.22 and E. 2,395,638.81, said point #135 also being +shown on the aforementioned boundary map; thence still +running with the last mentioned course and across Route #7 +1.29 feet (70.38 feet in all) to a point having coordinates +N. 431,534.94 and E. 2,395,639.88; thence running N. +09° 13′ 10″ E. 0.69 feet to a point lying +on the northerly side of Route #7, 40 feet from same and +having coordinates N. 431,535.62 and E. 2,395,639.99; +thence running along the northerly side of Route #7 S. +66° 38′ 20″ E., 96.13 feet to a point of +curvature whose coordinates are N. 431,497.50 and E. +2,395,728.24 thence continuing with said northerly side of +Route #7 and its extension and following the arc of a curve +to the right whose radius is 2331.83 feet and whose chord +and chord bearing are 810.17 feet and S. 56° 38′ +05″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 814.30 +feet to a point on the extension of the northerly side of +25th Street, and whose coordinates are N. 431,051.93 and E. +2,396,404.88; thence running along said extension and +thence with the northerly side of said street N. 50° +54′ 13″ E., 39.53 feet to a point of curvature +whose coordinates are N. 431,076.86 and E. 2,396,435.56; +thence following the arc of a curve to the right whose +radius is 115.60 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are +42.17 feet and N. 61° 24′ 48″ E. +respectively, for an arc distance of 42.41 feet to a point +of tangency whose coordinates are N. 431,097.04 and E. +2,396,472.59; thence continuing along 25th Street N. +71° 55′ 23″ E. 220.00 feet to a point +whose coordinates are N. 431,165.30 and E. 2,396,681.73; +thence turning and running across 25th Street and thence +along the common boundary between lots #503 and #5 of +Section 1 of Claremont Subdivision, and thence across +Beauregard Street (its extension into Arlington County +being known as S. Walter Reed Drive) S. 18° 04′ +37″ E., 317.80 feet to a point on a curve in the +southerly side of Beauregard Street, said point having +coordinates N. 430,863.19 and E. 2,396,780.34; thence +running along the southerly side of said street and +following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is +410.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 69.89 +feet and S. 55° 47′ 34.5″ respectively, +for an arc distance of 69.97 feet to a point of tangency +having coordinates N. 430,823.90 and E. 2,396,722.54; +thence continuing along the southerly side of Beauregard +Street and its extension S. 50° 54′ 13″ W. +83.66 feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 430,771.14 +and E. 2,396,657.61, said point being 40 feet from the +centerline of the previously mentioned Route #7; thence +running parallel with but 40 feet from said centerline S. +37° 38′ 20″ E. 572.92 feet to a point +whose coordinates are N. 430,317.46 and E. 2,397,007.48, +said point being on the extension of the common boundary +between Section #1-A of Claremont and Section #2 of +Fairlington; thence running along said extension and thence +along said common boundary itself N. 44° 19′ +57″ E., 335.55 feet to a point being the +northwesterly corner of a parcel of land owned by the City +of Alexandria; and having coordinates N. 430,557.48 and E. +2,397,241.97; thence running with the northeasterly +boundary of said parcel S. 45° 38′ 10″ E., +242.71 feet to a point on a curve having coordinates N. +430,387.77 and E. 2,397,415.49 and lying in the northerly +line of 28th Street; thence running along said northerly +line of 28th Street and following the arc of a curve to the +right whose radius is 311.48 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 37.57 feet and S. 64° 02′ 05″ +E. respectively, for an arc distance of 37.60 feet to a +point of tangency whose coordinates are N. 430,371.32 and +E. 2,397,449.27; thence along the northerly side of South +Columbus Street S. 60° 34′ 37″ E., 415.05 +feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N. +430,167.42 and E. 2,397,810.79; thence running along the +arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 215.99 feet and +whose chord and chord bearing are 162.40 feet and S. +38° 29′ 37″ E. respectively for an arc +distance of 166.50 feet to a point of tangency lying in the +intersection of 29th Street and Columbus Street and having +coordinates N. 430,040.31 and E. 2,397,911.87; thence +running S. 16° 24′ 37″ E. 69.70 feet to a +point of curvature on the northeasterly side of Columbus +Street and whose coordinates are N. 429,973.45 and E. +2,397,931.56; thence running along the northeasterly side +of said street and following the arc of a curve to the left +whose radius is 691.20 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 396.48 feet and S. 33° 04′ 37″ +E. respectively, for an arc distance of 402.12 feet to a +point of tangency, the coordinates of which are N. +429,641.22 and E. 2,398,147.94; thence running S. 49° +44′ 37″ E. 545.56 feet to a point of curvature +whose coordinates are N. 429,288.67 and E. 2,398,564.29; +thence following the arc of a curve to the left whose +radius is 20.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are +21.94 feet and S. 83° 00′ 35.5″ E. +respectively, for an arc distance of 23.22 feet to a point +of reversed curvature whose coordinates are N. 429,286.00 +and E. 2,398,586.07; thence running around the circle of +the intersection of Columbus and 30th Streets and following +the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 93.00 feet +and whose chord and chord bearing are 177.22 feet and S. +08° 36′ 07″ E. respectively, for an arc +distance of 349.54 feet to a point of curvature whose +coordinates are N. 429,110.77 and E. 2,398,612.58; thence +following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is +20.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 21.94 feet +and S. 65° 48′ 21.5″ W. respectively, for +an arc distance of 23.22 feet to a point of tangency on the +southeasterly side of 30th Street, said point having +coordinates N. 429,101.78 and E. 2,398,592.57; thence +running along the southeasterly side of said street S. +32° 32′ 23″ W., 136.28 feet to a point of +curvature whose coordinates are N. 428,986.89 and E. +2,398,519.27; thence following the arc of a curve to the +left whose radius is 25.00 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 35.36 feet and S. 12° 27′ 37″ +E. respectively, for an arc distance of 39.27 feet to a +point on the northeasterly side of Route #7, said point +having coordinates N. 428,952.36 and E. 2,398,526.90; +thence running S. 57° 27′ 37″ E. 62.54 +feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 428,918.72 and E. +2,398,579.62; thence running S. 56° 42′ +37″ E. 713.53 feet to a point of curvature, said +point having coordinates N. 428,527.08 and E. 2,399,176.06; +thence following the arc of a curve to the right whose +radius is 6056.68 feet and whose chord and chord bearing +are 1137.63 feet and S. 51° 19′ 17″ E., +respectively for an arc distance of 1139.31 feet to a point +of tangency on the northeasterly side of Route #7, said +point having coordinates N. 427,816.12 and E. 2,400,064.17; +thence running along the northeasterly side of Route #7, S. +45° 55′ 57″ E., 2926.68 feet to a point of +curvature whose coordinates are N. 425,780.60 and E. +2,402,167.05; thence following the arc of a curve to the +left whose radius is 25.00 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 29.63 feet and S. 82° 16′ +52.5″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 31.72 +feet to a point on the northerly side of Quaker Lane, said +point having coordinates of N. 425,776.62 and E. +2,402,196.41; thence following the northerly side of Quaker +Lane N. 61° 22′ 12″ E. 25.35 feet to a +point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 425,788.77 and +E. 2,402,218.66; thence following the arc of a curve to the +left whose radius is 880.83 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 594.59 feet and N. 41° 38′ +39.5″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 606.50 +feet to a point of tangency having coordinates N. +426,233.10 and E. 2,402,613.77; thence turning and running +S. 68° 04′ 53″ E. 47.00 feet to a point +whose coordinates are N. 426,215.56 and E. 2,402,657.37, +said point being on the centerline of Quaker Lane; thence +running along the centerline of same N. 21° 55′ +07″ E. 492.76 feet to a point of curvature having +coordinates N. 426,672.70 and E. 2,402,841.31; thence +following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is +1200.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 499.27 +feet and N. 09° 54′ 42.5″ E. respectively, +for an arc distance of 502.94 feet to a point of tangency +whose coordinates are N. 427,164.52 and E. 2,402,927.25; +thence running N. 02° 05′ 42″ W. 993.05 +feet to a point whose coordinates are N. 428,156.91 and E. +2,402,890.95; said point lying in the intersection of +Quaker Lane and Crestwood Drive; thence continuing along +the centerline of Quaker Lane N. 00° 59′ +42″ W., 201.72 feet to a point of curvature whose +coordinates are N. 428,358.60 and E. 2,402,887.45; thence +following the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is +595.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 204.00 +feet and N. 08° 52′ 33″ E. respectively, +for an arc distance of 205.01 feet to a point of tangency +having coordinates N. 428,560.16 and E. 2,402,918.93; +thence running N. 18° 44′ 48″ E., 122.09 +feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N. +428,675.77 and E. 2,402,958.17; thence running along the +arc of a curve to the left whose radius is 2181.87 feet and +whose chord and chord bearing are 237.27 feet and N. +15° 37′ 47″ E. respectively, for an arc +distance of 237.39 feet to a point of tangency having +coordinates N. 428,904.27 and E. 2,403,022.10; thence +running N. 12° 30′ 46″ E. 88.70 feet to a +point of curvature having coordinates N. 428,990.86 and E. +2,403,041.32 and lying in the intersection of Quaker Lane, +32nd Road South, and Preston Road; thence following the arc +of a curve to the left whose radius is 243.67 feet and +whose chord and chord bearing are 44.38 feet and N. +07° 17′ 14.5″ E. respectively, for an arc +distance of 44.44 feet to a point of tangency having +coordinates N. 429,034.88 and E. 2,403,046.95; thence +running N. 02° 03′ 43″ E. 264.98 feet to a +point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 429,299.69 and +E. 2,403,056.48 thence still running along the centerline +of Quaker Lane and following the arc of a curve to the left +whose radius is 2165.91 feet and whose chord and chord +bearing are 152.44 feet and N. 00° 02′ 43″ +E. respectively for an arc distance of 152.47 feet to a +point of tangency having coordinates N. 429,452.13 and E. +2,403,056.60; thence N. 01° 58′ 17″ W., +141.63 feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N. +429,593.68 and E. 2,403,051.73; thence following the arc of +a curve to the right whose radius is 4560.67 feet and whose +chord and chord bearing are 224.93 feet and N. 00° +33′ 30″ W. respectively for an arc distance of +224.95 feet to a point on the existing Alexandria-Arlington +Boundary, said point having coordinates N. 429,818.60 and +E. 2,403,049.54; thence running along said existing +boundary N. 14° 40′ 33″ W., 307.96 feet to +an existing boundary corner with coordinates N. 430,116.51 +and E. 2,402,971.52; thence running N. 09° 54′ +36″ W., 1447.14 feet to another existing corner +having coordinates N. 431,542.06 and E. 2,402,722.47; +thence continuing with said existing Alexandria-Arlington +Boundary N. 01° 20′ 15″ E., 271.24 feet to +a corner with coordinates N. 431,813.23 and E. 402,728.80, +said point being in the vicinity of the Washington and Old +Dominion Railroad right of way; thence running S. 78° +26′ 13″ E. 1858.44 feet to an existing boundary +corner having coordinates N. 431,440.71 and E. +2,404,549.52; thence continuing with an extension of the +last mentioned course 5.73 feet (1864.17 feet in all) to a +point whose coordinates are N. 431,439.56 and E. +2,404,555.13; said point lying in Four Mile Run; thence +turning and running with the proposed centerline of Four +Mile Run N. 20° 30′ 55″ E., 62.07 feet to +a point of curvature whose coordinates are N. 431,497.69 +and E. 2,404,576.88; thence following the arc of a curve to +the right whose radius is 420.44 feet and whose chord and +chord bearing are 361.79 feet and N. 45° 59′ +55″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of 374.00 +feet to a point of compound curvature having coordinates N. +431,749.02 and E. 2,404,837.12; thence running along the +arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 388.90 feet and +whose chord and chord bearing are 241.48 feet and N. +89° 34′ 10″ E. respectively for an arc +distance of 245.54 feet to a point of tangency whose +coordinates are N. 431,750.83 and E. 2,405,078.59 thence +continuing along said proposed center and thence with the +existing centerline of Four Mile Run S. 72° 20′ +35″ E. 115.13 feet to a point of curvature whose +coordinates are N. 431,715.91 and E. 2,405,188.30; thence +following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is +805.00 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 218.56 +feet and S. 80° 08′ 42.5″ E. respectively +for an arc distance of 219.24 feet to a point of tangency +whose coordinates are N. 431,678.50 and E. 2,405,403.64; +thence running S. 87° 56′ 50″ E., 10.38 +feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N. +431,678.13 and E. 2,405,414.01; thence following the arc of +a curve to the left whose radius is 2864.79 feet and whose +chord and chord bearing are 626.25 feet and N. 85° +46′ 40″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of +627.50 feet to a point of tangency whose coordinates are N. +431,724.24 and E. 2,406,038.56; thence continuing along the +centerline of said Four Mile Run N. 79° 30′ +10″ E., 571.24 feet to a point of curvature having +coordinates N. 431,828.31 and E. 2,406,600.24; thence +following the arc of a curve to the right whose radius is +1909.88 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 500.23 +feet and N. 87° 01′ 40″ E., respectively +for an arc distance of 501.67 feet to a point of tangency; +said point having coordinates N. 431,854.25 and E. +2,407,099.80; thence running S. 85° 26′ +50″ E., 542.38 feet to a point of curvature with +coordinates N. 431,811.20 and E. 2,407,640.47; thence +following the arc of a curve to the left whose radius is +1432.41 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are 585.03 +feet and N. 82° 46′ 10″ E. respectively, +for an arc distance of 589.17 feet to a point of tangency +having coordinates N. 431,884.83 and E. 2,408,220.85; +thence running N. 70° 59′ 10″ E. 28.44 +feet to a point of curvature having coordinates of N. +431,894.10 and E. 2,408,247.74; thence following the arc of +a curve to the left whose radius is 1318.44 feet and whose +chord and chord bearing are 482.64 feet and N. 60° +26′ 22″ E. respectively, for an arc distance of +485.38 feet to a point of tangency having coordinates N. +432,132.21 and E. 2,408,667.56; thence running N. 49° +53′ 34″ E., 4.43 feet to a point whose +coordinates are N. 432,135.06 and E. 2,408,670.95; thence +running across Mount Vernon Avenue (Arlington Ridge Road in +Arlington) and still following the previously mentioned +centerline of Four Mile Run N. 71° 20′ 53″ +E., 274.92 feet to a point of curvature with coordinates N. +432,222.98 and E. 2,408,931.43; thence running along the +arc of a curve to the right whose radius is 315.05 feet and +whose chord and chord bearing are 289.48 feet and S. +81° 18′ 07″ E. respectively for an arc +distance of 300.28 feet to a point of tangency with +coordinates of N. 432,179.20 and E. 2,409,217.58; thence +running S. 53° 57′ 07″ E., 314.44 feet to +a point whose coordinates are N. 431,994.16 and E. +2,409,471.81; thence still running along said centerline S. +52° 58′ 38″ E., 665.38 feet to a point +with coordinates N. 431,593.51 and E. 2,410,003.05; thence +S. 61° 35′ 07″ E., 504.49 feet to a point +having coordinates N. 431,353.45 and E. 2,410,446.76; +thence S. 62° 23′ 28″ E. 1048.27 feet to a +point with coordinates N. 430,867.65 and E. 2,411,375.67 +and S. 67° 03′ 11″ E., 544.81 feet to a +point of curvature, said point having coordinates N. +430,655.24 and E. 2,411,877.37; thence running with the +centerline of said Four Mile Run, across Jefferson Davis +Highway (Route #1), thru the culvert and Potomac Railroad +Yards, and following the arc of a curve to the left whose +radius is 446.47 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are +485.07 feet and N. 80° 02′ 34.5″ E. +respectively for an arc distance of 512.80 feet to a point +of tangency whose coordinates are N. 430,739.11 and E. +2,412,355.13; thence N. 47° 08′ 20″ E. +400.92 feet to a point of curvature having coordinates N. +431,011.83 and E. 2,412,649.01; thence following the arc of +a curve to the right whose radius is 247.32 feet and whose +chord and chord bearing are 288.28 feet and N. 82° +47′ 15.5″ E. respectively for an arc distance +of 307.76 feet to a point of reversed curvature, said point +having coordinates N. 431,048.02 and E. 2,412,935.01; +thence following the arc of a curve to the left whose +radius is 692.78 feet and whose chord and chord bearing are +339.43 feet and S. 75° 44′ 39″ E., +respectively for an arc distance of 342.92 feet to a point +of tangency with coordinates N. 430,964.43 and E. +2,413,263.99; thence running S. 89° 55′ +29″ E., thru the culvert at George Washington +Memorial Parkway and to the Potomac River. +</p> +</div> +<a name="biblio"> + +</a> +<p class="chapter"> +BIBLIOGRAPHY +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Arlington County, Virginia. +<i> +Deed Books. +</i> +</p> +<p class="hang"> +——. +<i> +Common Law Order Books. +</i> +</p> +<p class="hang"> +——. +<i> +County Board Minute Books. +</i> +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Arlington Historical Society. +<i> +The Arlington Historical Magazine. +</i> +Arlington; annual. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Bain, Chester W. +<i> +Annexation in Virginia</i>: The Use of the Judicial Process +for Readjusting City-County Boundaries. Charlottesville, +1966. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Caton, James R. +<i> +Legislative Chronicles of the City of Alexandria. +</i> +Alexandria, 1933. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Conway, Martha Bell. +<i> +The Compacts of Virginia. +</i> +Richmond, 1963. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Hall, Clayton C., ed. +<i> +Narratives of Early Maryland, 1633-1684. +</i> +New York, 1910. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Hening, William Waller. +<i> +The Statutes at Large</i>; Being a Collection of All the +Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature +in the Year 1619. Second edition. New York, 1823. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Mayor and Citizens of Alexandria, Virginia. "Remonstrance +of … Against the Bill to Annex the city and county of +Alexandria, to the District of Columbia." Alexandria, 1865. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Moore, Gay Montague. +<i> +Seaport in Virginia</i>, George Washington's Alexandria. +Richmond, 1949. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Richardson, James D., ed. A Compilation of the +<i> +Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, 1789-1897. +Washington, 1896. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Robinson, M. P. +<i> +Virginia Counties</i>, Those Resulting from Virginia +Legislation. Bulletin of the Virginia State Library. +Richmond, 1916. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Shepherd, Samuel. +<i> +The Statutes at Large of Virginia +</i> +from the October Session 1792 to December Session 1806. +Richmond, 1835. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Stetson, Charles W. +<i> +Four Mile Run Land Grants. +</i> +Washington, 1935. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +United States. House of Representatives, Seventy-Fourth +Congress, 2nd Session. +<i> +House Document 374</i>; "Report of the District of +Columbia—Virginia Boundary Commission." +</p> +<p class="hang"> +——. House of Representatives, Seventy-eighth +Congress, 1st Session. +<i> +Report No. 895</i>; "Establishing a Boundary Line Between +the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Virginia." +</p> +<p class="hang"> +——. +<i> +Statutes at Large. +</i> +</p> +<p class="hang"> +Virginia. +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, as Amended. +</p> +<p class="hang"> +——. +<i> +Acts of Assembly. +</i> +</p> +<hr class="med"> +<p class="ctr"> +Footnotes +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note1"> + </a><a href="#noteref1"><span +class="label"><small>[1]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Congress, February 27, 1801 and March 3, 1801. U.S. +Stat. at Large, Vol. 2, pp. 103, 115. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note2"> + </a><a href="#noteref2"><span +class="label"><small>[2]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1920, Chapter 241. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note3"> + </a><a href="#noteref3"><span +class="label"><small>[3]</small></span> +</a> +The smallest is Kalawao County, Hawaii, and the second +smallest, Bristol County, Rhode Island. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note4"> + </a><a href="#noteref4"><span +class="label"><small>[4]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. i, p. 57. Cf. also Title 7.1, Sec. 1, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note5"> + </a><a href="#noteref5"><span +class="label"><small>[5]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. i, p. 80. Cf. also Title 7.1, Sec. 1, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note6"> + </a><a href="#noteref6"><span +class="label"><small>[6]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. i, p. 100. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note7"> + </a><a href="#noteref7"><span +class="label"><small>[7]</small></span> +</a> +Report of the District of Columbia-Virginia Boundary +Commission, 74th Congress, 2nd Session, +<i> +H.D. 374</i>, p. 3. Cf. also, Hall, +<i> +Narratives of Early Maryland, 1633-1684</i>, p. 102. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note8"> + </a><a href="#noteref8"><span +class="label"><small>[8]</small></span> +</a> +Paragraph 21, Virginia Constitution of 1776. Hening, Vol. +i, p. 56. Cf. also, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 1. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note9"> + </a><a href="#noteref9"><span +class="label"><small>[9]</small></span> +</a> +Conway, +<i> +The Compacts of Virginia</i>, p. 8. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note10"> + </a><a href="#noteref10"><span +class="label"><small>[10]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. i, p. 352. Northumberland was first mentioned +by name in an Act (IX) of February 1645, and sent its first +representative to the Legislature for the session of +November 1645. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note11"> + </a><a href="#noteref11"><span +class="label"><small>[11]</small></span> +</a> +Act III, October 1649. Hening, Vol. i, p. 362. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note12"> + </a><a href="#noteref12"><span +class="label"><small>[12]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. i, p. 381. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note13"> + </a><a href="#noteref13"><span +class="label"><small>[13]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. ii, p. 151. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note14"> + </a><a href="#noteref14"><span +class="label"><small>[14]</small></span> +</a> +Act VIII, October 1666. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note15"> + </a><a href="#noteref15"><span +class="label"><small>[15]</small></span> +</a> +Robinson, +<i> +Virginia Counties</i>, p. 87. This court book may also be +inspected at the Stafford County Court House. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note16"> + </a><a href="#noteref16"><span +class="label"><small>[16]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. ii, p. 327. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note17"> + </a><a href="#noteref17"><span +class="label"><small>[17]</small></span> +</a> +Stetson, +<i> +Four Mile Run Land Grants</i>, p. 1. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note18"> + </a><a href="#noteref18"><span +class="label"><small>[18]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, May 1730, Chapter XVII. Hening, Vol. iv, +p. 303. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note19"> + </a><a href="#noteref19"><span +class="label"><small>[19]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, May 1742, Chapter XXVII. Hening, Vol. v, +p. 207. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note20"> + </a><a href="#noteref20"><span +class="label"><small>[20]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1785, Chapter XVII. Hening, Vol. xii, pp. +50-55. Cf. also +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Section 7, and +Conway, +<i> +The Compacts of Virginia</i>, p. 5. The Potomac River +Fisheries Compact of 1958 (Acts of Assembly, 1962, Chapter +406; +<i> +Code of Virginia 1950</i>, Title 28.1, Sec. 203) did not +affect Arlington. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note21"> + </a><a href="#noteref21"><span +class="label"><small>[21]</small></span> +</a> +Cf. for example, Samuel Eliot Morison & Henry Steele +Commager, +<i> +The Growth of the American Republic</i>, Vol. I, p. 332. +New York, 1962. Leon H. Canfield & Howard B. Wilder, +<i> +The Making of Modern America</i>, p. 148. Boston, 1964. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note22"> + </a><a href="#noteref22"><span +class="label"><small>[22]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1789, Chapter XXXII, p. 19. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note23"> + </a><a href="#noteref23"><span +class="label"><small>[23]</small></span> +</a> +July 16, 1790. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note24"> + </a><a href="#noteref24"><span +class="label"><small>[24]</small></span> +</a> +Richardson, +<i> +Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. I, p. 100. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note25"> + </a><a href="#noteref25"><span +class="label"><small>[25]</small></span> +</a> +Richardson, +<i> +Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. I, p. 102. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note26"> + </a><a href="#noteref26"><span +class="label"><small>[26]</small></span> +</a> +Ernest A. Shuster, Jr., "Original Boundary Stones of the +District of Columbia"; +<i> +The National Geographic Magazine</i>, Vol. XX, pp. 356-359 +(April, 1909). +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note27"> + </a><a href="#noteref27"><span +class="label"><small>[27]</small></span> +</a> +It has been hinted that George Washington insisted upon +this to refute rumors that he had been influenced in his +choice of a site by motives of personal gain since he owned +land in Arlington. Cf. Moore, +<i> +Seaport in Virginia</i>, p. 39. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note28"> + </a><a href="#noteref28"><span +class="label"><small>[28]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1845-47, p. 50. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note29"> + </a><a href="#noteref29"><span +class="label"><small>[29]</small></span> +</a> +Quoted in "Remonstrance of the Mayor and Citizens of +Alexandria...." +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note30"> + </a><a href="#noteref30"><span +class="label"><small>[30]</small></span> +</a> +Although the "Remonstrance" cited above states that the +vote was held on August 17, 1846, the presidential +proclamation putting the transfer into effect declares the +poll to have been taken +<i> +viva voce +</i> +at the Court House on September 1 and 2. The August date is +given in the proclamation as that on which five +commissioners were appointed by the President and directed +to take the poll. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note31"> + </a><a href="#noteref31"><span +class="label"><small>[31]</small></span> +</a> +Richardson, +<i> +Messages and Papers of the Presidents</i>, Vol. IV, p. 470. +The legality of the retrocession was unsuccessfully +challenged in 1875. Cf. +<i> +Phillips +</i> +v. +<i> +Payne</i>, U.S. Reports, S.C. Otto 2, p. 130. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note32"> + </a><a href="#noteref32"><span +class="label"><small>[32]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1846-47, Chapter 53. Cf. also, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 9. For a full +account of the actions on the part of both the United +States and Virginia in connection with this retrocession, +cf. Harrison Mann, "Chronology of Action on the Part of the +United States to Complete Retrocession of Alexandria County +(Arlington County) to Virginia," +<i> +The Arlington Historical Magazine</i>, Vol. 1, No. 1 +(1957), pp. 15-23; and "Chronology of Action on the Part of +the State of Virginia to Complete Retrocession of +Alexandria County (Arlington County) to Virginia" +<i> +Ibid.</i>, Vol. 1, No. 2 (1958), pp. 43-51. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note33"> + </a><a href="#noteref33"><span +class="label"><small>[33]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. vi, p. 214. Cited by title as "An Act for +erecting a town at Hunting Creek warehouse, in the county +of Fairfax." The text of the Act is given in the +<i> +Journal of the House of Burgesses</i>, and quoted in Caton, +<i> +Legislative Chronicles of the City of Alexandria</i>, p. 7. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note34"> + </a><a href="#noteref34"><span +class="label"><small>[34]</small></span> +</a> +In the Library of Congress. Reproduced in Moore, +<i> +Seaport in Virginia</i>, pp. 10-11. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note35"> + </a><a href="#noteref35"><span +class="label"><small>[35]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. vii, p. 604. Acts of Assembly, November 1762, +Chapter XXV. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note36"> + </a><a href="#noteref36"><span +class="label"><small>[36]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. x, p. 172. "An Act for incorporating the town +of Alexandria in the County of Fairfax." +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note37"> + </a><a href="#noteref37"><span +class="label"><small>[37]</small></span> +</a> +Hening, Vol. x, p. 192. Acts of Assembly, 1779, Chapter +XXXI: "An Act to confirm certain sales and leases by the +trustees of the town of Alexandria and to enlarge said +town...." +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note38"> + </a><a href="#noteref38"><span +class="label"><small>[38]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, October 1785, Chapter XCI. Hening, Vol. +xii, p. 205. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note39"> + </a><a href="#noteref39"><span +class="label"><small>[39]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, October 1786, Chapter LXXIII. Hening, +Vol. xii, p. 362. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note40"> + </a><a href="#noteref40"><span +class="label"><small>[40]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, November 1796, Chapter 32. Shepherd, Vol. +ii, p. 41. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note41"> + </a><a href="#noteref41"><span +class="label"><small>[41]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, December 1797, Chapter 60. Shepherd, Vol. +ii, p. 122. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note42"> + </a><a href="#noteref42"><span +class="label"><small>[42]</small></span> +</a> +U.S. +<i> +Stat. at Large</i>, Vol. 2, p. 255. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note43"> + </a><a href="#noteref43"><span +class="label"><small>[43]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1852, Chapter 358, p. 241. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note44"> + </a><a href="#noteref44"><span +class="label"><small>[44]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1853, Chapter 484. Adopted February 18, +1853. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note45"> + </a><a href="#noteref45"><span +class="label"><small>[45]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1858, Chapter 270. Enacted April 2, 1858. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note46"> + </a><a href="#noteref46"><span +class="label"><small>[46]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly 1865/66, Chapter IX. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note47"> + </a><a href="#noteref47"><span +class="label"><small>[47]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly 1866/67, Chapter 152. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note48"> + </a><a href="#noteref48"><span +class="label"><small>[48]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly 1871, Chapter 73. The frequent and rapid +changes in this boundary appear to have been related to the +complexion of the electorate in the affected area and the +varying political sentiments of the immediate post Civil +War and Reconstruction periods. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note49"> + </a><a href="#noteref49"><span +class="label"><small>[49]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1869-70, Chapter 39. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note50"> + </a><a href="#noteref50"><span +class="label"><small>[50]</small></span> +</a> +Alexandria County, +<i> +Deed Book 146</i>, p. 387. See Appendix. Cf. also, C. B. +Rose, Jr., "Annexation of a Portion of Arlington County by +the City of Alexandria in 1915," +<i> +The Arlington Historical Magazine</i>, pp. 22-36, Vol. 2, +No. 4 (1964). For a discussion of the judicial process of +annexation, cf. Bain, +<i> +Annexation in Virginia</i>. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note51"> + </a><a href="#noteref51"><span +class="label"><small>[51]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1920, Chapter 241. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note52"> + </a><a href="#noteref52"><span +class="label"><small>[52]</small></span> +</a> +Arlington County, +<i> +Common Law Order Book 12</i>, p. 293. Also, +<i> +Deed Book 306</i>, p. 300. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note53"> + </a><a href="#noteref53"><span +class="label"><small>[53]</small></span> +</a> +See Appendix. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note54"> + </a><a href="#noteref54"><span +class="label"><small>[54]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1930, Chapter 167; Cf. also, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 15.1, Sec. 692. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note55"> + </a><a href="#noteref55"><span +class="label"><small>[55]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1938, Chapter 22; Cf. also, +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 15.1, Sec. 1056. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note56"> + </a><a href="#noteref56"><span +class="label"><small>[56]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1962, Chapter 314. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note57"> + </a><a href="#noteref57"><span +class="label"><small>[57]</small></span> +</a> +Arlington County Board Minute Book XXI, p. 54. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note58"> + </a><a href="#noteref58"><span +class="label"><small>[58]</small></span> +</a> +Alexandria +<i> +Deed Book</i>, 641, p. 188 (December 21, 1965); Arlington +<i> +Deed Book</i>, 1609, p. 453 (December 23, 1965); Arlington +<i> +Common Law Order Book +</i> +85, p. 197. For the description of the new boundary, see +Appendix. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note59"> + </a><a href="#noteref59"><span +class="label"><small>[59]</small></span> +</a> +<i> +Washington Airport +</i> +vs. +<i> +Smoot Sand and Gravel Corp</i>., 283 U.S. 348. Cf. also, +<i> +Marine Railroad and Coal Co</i>. v. +<i> +U.S.</i>, 257 U.S. 47. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note60"> + </a><a href="#noteref60"><span +class="label"><small>[60]</small></span> +</a> +This indefinite boundary line "lies in many places some +distance from the Potomac River." +<i> +Report No. 895</i>, H.R., 78th Congress, 1st Session. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note61"> + </a><a href="#noteref61"><span +class="label"><small>[61]</small></span> +</a> +48 U.S. Stat. 453; Virginia Acts of Assembly, 1932, p. 485. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note62"> + </a><a href="#noteref62"><span +class="label"><small>[62]</small></span> +</a> +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 7. This +Commission dealt only with the boundary below Jones Point +but chose +<i> +low water mark +</i> +as the line. The pertinent words of the agreement (ratified +by Virginia in 1878) are: "The low water mark on the +Potomac to which Virginia has a right in the soil, is to be +measured … from low-water mark at one headland to low +water at another, without following indentations, bays, +creeks, inlets, or affluent rivers. Virginia is entitled +not only to full dominion over the soil to low water mark +on the south shore of the Potomac, but has a right to such +use of the river...." Interpretation of this agreement took +many years and it was 1930 before the line actually was +surveyed and monumented. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note63"> + </a><a href="#noteref63"><span +class="label"><small>[63]</small></span> +</a> +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 7. Cf. also +page 9 above. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note64"> + </a><a href="#noteref64"><span +class="label"><small>[64]</small></span> +</a> +Report of District of Columbia—Virginia Boundary +Commission, 74th Congress, 2nd Session, +<i> +House Document +</i> +374. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note65"> + </a><a href="#noteref65"><span +class="label"><small>[65]</small></span> +</a> +76th Congress, 3rd Session, H.R. 9976; S. 4114. 77th +Congress, 1st Session, H.R. 1045; H.R. 5073. 78th Congress, +1st Session, S. 19; H.R. 746; H.R. 3664. The Arlington +County Board endorsed H.R. 9976; cf. Minute Book V, p. 423 +and VII, p. 500. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note66"> + </a><a href="#noteref66"><span +class="label"><small>[66]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1942, Chapter 267. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note67"> + </a><a href="#noteref67"><span +class="label"><small>[67]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly, 1946, Chapter 26. +<i> +Code of Virginia, 1950</i>, Title 7.1, Sec. 10. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note68"> + </a><a href="#noteref68"><span +class="label"><small>[68]</small></span> +</a> +Unpublished Report dated March 27, 1947, from Lt. Comdr. +Roswell C. Bolstad, Chief of Party, on Project G-815, Coast +and Geodetic Survey, Department of Commerce. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note69"> + </a><a href="#noteref69"><span +class="label"><small>[69]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly 1874/75, Chapter 316. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note70"> + </a><a href="#noteref70"><span +class="label"><small>[70]</small></span> +</a> +Arlington County, +<i> +Common Law Order Book 16</i>, p. 235 and p. 309. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note71"> + </a><a href="#noteref71"><span +class="label"><small>[71]</small></span> +</a> +Arlington County, +<i> +Common Law Order Book 17</i>, p. 130 and p. 138. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note72"> + </a><a href="#noteref72"><span +class="label"><small>[72]</small></span> +</a> +Acts of Assembly 1908, Chapter 273. +</p> +<p class="footnote"> +<a name="note73"> + </a><a href="#noteref73"><span +class="label"><small>[73]</small></span> +</a> +<i> +Bennett +</i> +v. +<i> +Garrett</i>, 112 S.E. 772, decided June 15, 1922. +</p> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A History of the Boundaries of +Arlington County, Virginia, by Office of the County Manager, Arlington + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BOUNDARIES OF ARLINGTON COUNTY *** + +***** This file should be named 36902-h.htm or 36902-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/6/9/0/36902/ + +Produced by Mark C. 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