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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42780 ***
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{601}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Vol. V.--No. 139.]
+SATURDAY, JUNE 26. 1852
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                                    Page
+
+  Popular Stories of the English Peasantry, No. V., by
+    T. Sternberg                                               601
+
+  Dr. Thomas Morell's Copy of H. Stephens' Edition of
+    Æschylus, 1557, with MSS. Notes, by Richard Hooper         604
+
+  On a Passage in the "Merchant of Venice," Act III. Sc. 2.,
+    by S. W. Singer                                            605
+
+  Episode of the French Revolution, by Philip S. King          605
+
+  Milton indebted to Tacitus, by Thomas H. Gill                606
+
+  Minor Notes:--Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics"--
+    Misappropriated Quotation--The God Arciacon--Gat-tothed--
+    Goujere--The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines--Vellum-bound
+    Books                                                      606
+
+  QUERIES:--
+
+  Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury                608
+
+  Bronze Medals, by John J. A. Boase                           608
+
+  Acworth Queries                                              608
+
+  Minor Queries:--"Row the boat, Norman"--The Hereditary
+    Standard Bearer--Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars;
+    May-butter; English Guzman--Radish Feast--What Kind of
+    Drink is Whit?--"Felix natu," &c.--"Gutta cavat
+    lapidem"--Punch and Judy--Sir John Darnall--The Chevalier
+    St. George--Declaration of 2000 Clergymen--MS. "De
+    Humilitate"--MS. Work on Seals--Sir George Carew--Docking
+    Horses' Tails--St. Albans, William, Abbot of--Jeremy
+    Taylor on Friendship--Colonel or Major-General Lee--
+    "Roses and all that's fair adorn"                          609
+
+  MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Donne--Dr. Evans                    611
+
+  REPLIES:--
+
+  Carling Sunday; Roman Funeral Pile                           611
+
+  Hart and Mohun                                               612
+
+  Burial without Religious Service--Burial, by Alfred Gatty    613
+
+  "Quod non fecerunt Barbari," &c.                             614
+
+  Restive                                                      614
+
+  Men of Kent and Kentish Men, by George R. Corner             615
+
+  Replies to Minor Queries:--Speculum Christianorum, &c.--
+    Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire--M. Barrière
+    and the Quarterly Review--"I do not know what the truth
+    may be"--Optical Phenomena--Stoup--Seventh Son of a
+    Seventh Son--The Number Seven--Commentators--Banning
+    or Bayning Family--Tortoiseshell Tom Cat--A Tombstone
+    cut by Baskerville--Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c.--Rhymes
+    on Places--Birthplace of Josephine--The Curse of
+    Scotland--Waller Family--"After me the Deluge"--Sun-Dial
+    Motto--Lines by Lord Palmerston--Indian Jugglers--Sons
+    of the Conqueror--Saint Wilfrid's Needle--Frebord--
+    Royd--Spy Wednesday--Book of Jasher--Stearne's
+    Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft--Lines on
+    Chaucer--Fairlop Oak--Boy Bishop at Eton--Plague Stones;
+    Mr. Mompesson--Raleigh's Ring--Pandecte, an entire Copy
+    of the Bible                                               616
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+  Notes on Books, &c.                                          622
+
+  Books and Odd Volumes wanted                                 622
+
+  Notices to Correspondents                                    623
+
+  Advertisements                                               623
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+POPULAR STORIES OF THE ENGLISH PEASANTRY,
+
+NO. V.
+
+By far the larger portion of our tales consist of those connected with the
+popular mythology of elves, and giants, and bleeding trees; of witches and
+their wicked doings; of frogs that _would_ go a-wooing, and got turned into
+princes; and amorous princes who became frogs; of primitive rough chests
+transformed into coaches; young ladies who go to bed young ladies, and get
+up owls; much despised younger sons crowned kings of boundless realms; and
+mediæval tabbies getting inducted into flourishing vizierships by the mere
+loss of their tails: stories, in short, of the metamorphosis of all
+conceivable things into all conceivable shapes. Lest this catalogue should
+frighten your readers, I at once disavow any intention of reflecting more
+than a specimen. Their puerility renders them scarcely suitable to your
+columns, and there is moreover such a sameness in those best worth
+preserving--the fairy legends--that a single example would be amply
+sufficient for our purpose of pointing out the different varieties of oral
+romance. Whenever the story relates to the dealings of the fairy-folk with
+mankind, the elf is almost always represented as the dupe; while, in his
+transactions with rival supernaturals, he invariably comes off victorious.
+Giants especially, being always of sleepy and obtuse intellect, afford a
+fine field for the display of his powers; and we find him baffling their
+clumsy plans, as well also as the more cunning devices of weird-sisters, in
+a manner which proves him to be a worthy scion of the warlike _avenger_ of
+the Sagar. The lovers of folk-lore will probably agree with me in regarding
+the following tale as a choice bit of elfin history, illustrating the not
+very amicable relations of the witches and the good people. No sneers,
+therefore, gentle readers, but listen to the simple strain of "Fairy Jip
+and Witch One-eye."
+
+Once upon a time, just before the monkey tribe gave up the nauseous custom
+of chewing tobacco, there lived an old hag, who had conceived an inordinate
+desire to eat an elf: a circumstance, by the way, which indubitably
+establishes that elves were {602} of masticable solidity, and not, as some
+one has it, mere
+
+ "_Shadowry_ dancers by the summer streams."
+
+So the old lady went to the place where the fairies dwelt, and knocked at
+the hill-top:--"Pretty little Jip!" said she; "come and see the sack of
+cherries I have brought thee, _so_ large, _so_ red, _so_ sweet." Fairies,
+be it known, are extremely fond of this fruit, and the elf rushed out in
+eager haste. "Ha! ha!" said One-eye, as she pounced upon him, and put him
+in her bag (witches always carry bags), "take care the stones don't stick
+in thy throttle, my little bird." On the way home, she has to visit a place
+some distance from the road, and left Jip meanwhile in the charge of a man
+who was cutting faggots. No sooner was her back turned, than Jip begged the
+man to let him out; and they filled the bag with thorns. One-eye called for
+her burden, and set off towards home, making sure she had her dinner safe
+on her back. "Ay, ay! my lad," said she, as she felt the pricking of the
+thorns; "I'll trounce thee when I get home for stinging me with thy pins
+and needles." When she reached her house, she belaboured the bag with a
+huge stick, till she thought she had broken every bone in the elf's body;
+and when she found that she had been wasting her strength upon a "kit" of
+thorns, her rage knew no bounds. Next day, she again got possession of Jip
+in a similar manner, and this time left him in care of a man who was
+breaking stones by the road-side. The elf makes his escape as before, and
+they fill the sack with stones. "Thou little rogue!" said the witch, as she
+perspired under the burden; "I'll soften thy bones nigh-hand." Her appetite
+was only whetted, not blunted, by these repeated failures, and despairing
+of again catching her prey in the same way as before, she assumed the shape
+of a pedlar with a churn on his shoulder, and contrived to meet Jip in a
+wood. "Ah! Master Redcap," quoth she; "look alive, my little man, the fox
+is after thee. See! here he comes: hie thee into my churn, and I will
+shelter thee. Quick! quick!" In jumped the elf. "Pretty bird!" chuckled the
+old Crocodile; "dost thee scent the fox?" This time she went straight home,
+and gave Jip to her daughter, with strict orders that she should cut off
+his noddle and boil it. When the time came for beginning the cooking, Miss
+One-eye led her captive to the chopping-block, and bade him lay down his
+head. "How?" quoth Jip; "I don't know how." "Like this, to be sure," said
+she; and, suiting the action to the word, she put her poll in the right
+position. Instantly the fairy seizes the hatchet, and serves her in the
+manner she intended to serve him. Then picking up a huge pebble, he climbs
+up the chimney to watch the progress of events. As he expected, the witch
+came to the fire to look after her delicacy; and no sooner does she lift up
+the lid of the pot, than "plop" came down Jip's pebble right into the
+centre of her remaining optic, the light of which is extinguished for ever;
+or, according to some versions, killed her _stone_-dead.[1]
+
+Some of the stories are so extremely like the German ones, that, with very
+slight alterations, they would serve as translations. These, for obvious
+reasons, it will not be worth while to trouble you with. Among them, I may
+particularise the following from the _Kinder und Hausmärchen_:--Hans im
+Gluck: Der Frieder und das Catherlieschen; Von der Frau Füchsin; and Van
+den Nachandel-Boom.
+
+Modern tales of diablerie are not so uncommon as might be expected. In the
+time of Chaucer, the popular belief ascribed the departure of the elves to
+the great number of wandering friars who mercilessly pursued them with
+bell, book, and candle; and at the present day, in the opinion of our
+uneducated peasantry, the itinerant sectarian preachers are endowed with
+similar attributes. The stories told of these men, and their encounters
+with the powers of darkness, would fill a new Golden Legend. There is one
+tale in particular which comes within our designation of "popular stories,"
+as is well known in almost all parts of England,--How a godly minister
+falls over the company of wicked scoffing elves, and how he gets out.[2]
+The last time I heard it, it was related of a preacher of the Ranting
+persuasion, well known some dozen years ago in a certain district of
+Warwickshire; and I prefer to give it in this localised form, as it enables
+me to present your readers with "Positively the last from Fairyland."
+
+Providence B---- was a well-known man throughout that whole country-side.
+He had made more converts than all his brethren put together, and, in the
+matter of spirits and demons, would stand a comparison with Godred or
+Gutlac, or, by'r Lady, St. Anthony himself. Now it fell out one day, that
+Providence was sent for to the house of a wealthy yeoman to aid in
+expelling an evil spirit which had long infested his daughter. I must here
+remark, _en parenthèse_, that scenes of this fearfully ludicrous nature are
+far from unfrequent in our country districts. The besotted state of
+ignorance in which a great portion of our rural population are still
+enwrapt, renders them peculiarly open to the fleecing of these fanatics,
+who, marvellous to relate, are almost everywhere {603} looked upon with
+respect, and treated with the greatest consideration, proving incontestably
+that,
+
+   "Mad as Christians used to be
+    About the seventeenth century,
+    There's others to be had
+  In this the nineteenth just as bad."
+
+On this occasion the job proved a tough one, and it was not till a late
+hour that Prov. set off on his road home. It was a pitchy dark night, and
+somehow or other the preacher and his nag contrived to lose their way among
+the green lanes, and it was not till they had floundered about for some
+time that our hero discerned (as is usual in such cases) a light gleaming
+through the thick foliage before him, which he incontinently discovers to
+proceed from a solitary dwelling in the middle of the woods. _Of course_ he
+dismounts, and knocks at the door; and _of course_ it was opened by a
+suspicious-looking old woman in toggery which it would do Mr. James's heart
+good to depict. To his request for a night's lodging, she yielded a ready
+assent--too ready, Prov. thought; for it seemed from her manner as though
+he had been expected. He was shown into a bed-room, and was proceeding to
+divest himself of his garments, when he hears a knock at the door, and a
+voice asked him to come down to supper. Prov. made answer that he didn't
+want any, that he was in bed, and that moreover he was engaged at his
+devotions; but presently the messenger returned, and declared that if he
+did not join the company downstairs, they would come and sup with him. Poor
+Prov. quaked with fright, but thought it politic to cloak his fears, so
+followed the servant to the house-room, where there were a number of people
+sitting round a table plentifully laden with good things. All of them were
+little "shrivelled up" old men; and, as the chairman motioned Prov. to a
+vacant seat, they all regarded him with a stare that made him feel the
+reverse of jolly. Although he is well acquainted with the neighbourhood, he
+recognises none of them. The meal proceeded in solemn silence: look which
+way he would, he encounters the gaze of his companions, who appear to scowl
+at him with an expression of fiendish hate. Dreadful surmises flit across
+his brain. Suddenly his attention becomes directed to the posterior portion
+of the gentleman next him. "By Jove! he has a tail. Yes, he has; and so has
+his neighbour, and so have they all." He fancies too he can trace a
+resemblance between the individual who sits at the head of the table and
+the fiend of the morning's exorcism. All is now clear as a pike-staff. It
+is a decided case of trepan. That dark fellow on the right has to complain
+of a forcible ejection from a comfortable dwelling in the portly corpus of
+Master Muggins the miller; and he on the left is the identical demon who
+got into Farmer Nelson's cow, and gave our hero a world of trouble to get
+him out. He is in the power of the incubi, whom he has been so long warring
+against. Not a moment is to be lost, for already they are whispering
+together, and the scowls get fiercer and fiercer. What is to be done? A
+monk would have had recourse to his breviary; Prov. thought of his
+hymn-book. "Brethren," says he, "it is usual wi' us at the heend of a feast
+to ax a blessing."
+
+"A blessing quotha! and to _us_?" roared the fiends. "Ha! ha! Yea! yea!"
+said Prov.; and _instanter_ he out with that _spirit-stirring_ stanza of
+"immortal John:"
+
+ "Jesus the name, high over all,
+  In hell, or earth, or sky,
+  Angels and men before Him fall,
+  And devils fear and fly!"
+
+Who shall depict the scene while these words were being uttered? The old
+men turn all sorts of colours, from green to blue, and blue to green, and
+back again to their original hue. At the last line, the uproar becomes
+terrible; and, amidst shouts of fiendish wailing, the whole company resolve
+themselves into a thin blue smoke, in which state they career up the
+chimney, taking with them a bran new chimney-pot, and leaving behind a most
+offensive odour of lucifer matches. Prov. saw no more; he fainted.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Some scandalous fellows spread abroad a report that the morning's sun
+discovered our valiant vessel snugly ensconced in a dry ditch; but as he
+always denounced strong waters, and was moreover a leading member of the
+Steeple "United Totals," I, for one, do not believe it. From the examples
+already given, I trust your readers will think with me that these old world
+relics are worth preserving. I hope they will not be backward in the good
+work. A few more years, and the scheme of an English work on the plan of
+Grimm's will be impracticable. The romance-lore, both oral and written,
+which erewhile delighted the cottager, is growing out of date. The prosy
+narrative of "How John the serving-man wedded an earl's daughter, and
+became a squire of high degree;" and the less placid, but still intolerably
+dull feats of the "Seven Champions," have no charms for him now. He has
+outgrown the old chap-book literature, and affectionates the highly
+seasoned atrocities of the Old Bailey school; which, to the disgrace of the
+legislature, are allowed to poison the minds of our labouring community
+with their weekly broad-sheets of crime and obscenity. Even those prime old
+favourites, the _Robin Hood Garland_ and _Shepherd's Kalendar_, with its
+quaint letter-press and grim woodcuts, are getting out of fashion, and
+beginning to be missed from their accustomed nook beside the family Bible.
+
+T. STERNBERG.
+
+{604}
+
+P.S. Owing to some unaccountable inadvertence, I have only just seen the
+number of "N.& Q." containing the highly interesting communications of H.
+B. C. and MR. STEPHENS. Will MR. STEPHENS allow me to ask him where he
+procured his tale, for I agree with H. B. C. that it is "desirable to fix
+the localities as nearly as possible." My version came from the
+Gloucestershire side of the county.
+
+[Footnote 1: This story is from Northamptonshire, and by some oversight was
+omitted in my _Dialect and Folk-Lore_.]
+
+[Footnote 2: I use the term _elves_ advisedly; for though, of course, the
+creed of _rantism_ does not recognise the existence of the mere poetic
+beings, yet it absolutely inculcates belief in all sorts of _bona fide_
+corporeal demons: which, like the club-footed gentry of the saintly
+hermits, are nothing more than Teutonic _elfen_ in ecclesiastical
+masquerade.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DR. THOMAS MORELL'S COPY OF H. STEPHENS' EDIT. OF ÆSCHYLUS, 1557, WITH MSS.
+NOTES.
+
+As your valuable paper is in the hands of scholars of every description in
+every part of the world, the following communication may meet the eye, and
+be of no slight interest to some of your classical readers, and, at the
+same time, give a stimulus to hunters at bookstalls. Some time since, in
+one of my hunts, I stumbled upon a very fine copy of Pet. Victorine's
+(Vettori) edition of Æschylus, printed by H. Stephens, 1557. I was much
+gratified in finding it had belonged to the celebrated Thomas Morell, D.D.,
+F.R.S., F.S.A., the lexicographer, and had his book-plate and autograph.
+The margins were filled with many conjectures and emendations written in
+two very ancient hands, and, besides, some MSS. Scholia on the _Prometheus_
+and _Poesæ_. In carefully examining them I found many were marked with the
+letters (A) and (P). I remembered the present very learned Bishop of
+London, in the preface to his edition of the _Choæphoræ_, mentioned the
+vast assistance he had received in editing that play from a copy of this
+very edition of Æschylus (H. Stephens, 1557), lent to him by Mr. Mitford,
+the margins of which were similarly marked. The bishop observes these
+emendations were by Auratus and Portus, two learned French scholars; and
+that Mr. Mitford's volume contained several other emendations without the
+signatures (A) and (P), which he, for distinction's sake, marked (Q). Now
+my copy also possessed these readings marked (Q). The bishop further
+observed, that the writer of the MSS. notes was a cotemporary of Casaubon's
+from a remark at p. 14. of the volume. The learned bishop's description of
+the volume will be found in the _Museum Criticum_, vol. ii. p. 488. I at
+first imagined I had met with this identical volume; but a closer
+examination proved I was mistaken, as my copy, besides all those carefully
+noted by Dr. Blomfield, contained many other emendations, but had _not_ the
+note at p. 14. of the _Prometheus_. Whoever was the copier or writer of the
+marginal MSS. in my volume, was evidently a Frenchman, as some of the notes
+are in French. The handwriting is very ancient and contracted, and has the
+appearance of being of the early portion of the seventeenth century. The
+most interesting part, however, of the story still remains. Dr. Thomas
+Morell edited the _Prometheus_, 4to., 1773. The title is as follows:
+_Æschyli P. V. cum Stanl. Versione et Scholiis, [alpha], [beta], (et
+[gamma] ineditis), &c._ Now these Scholia [gamma], which he professes to
+give for the first time, I found to be those in the very ancient hand in
+the margin of my volume. He frequently also gives the various marginal
+readings, and styles them "Marg. MS." Moreover he occasionally adopts these
+notes without any acknowledgment, especially where they throw any light on
+the text. The volume then is of great curiosity and value. From a curious
+note at the end of the _Prometheus_, Morell takes nine iambic lines, to
+which is affixed "Ad Calcem Dramatis MS. Regii." From this it would seem
+the Scholia were taken from a MS. in the Royal Library at Paris.
+
+We may observe then as a remarkable circumstance, that while Bishop
+Blomfield was describing the copy belonging to Mr. Mitford, a similar copy,
+with more notes, and of equal antiquity as to the MSS. emendations, was in
+existence, and had once been in the possession of, and of much assistance
+to the great Dr. Morell. Where Morell got this volume, and how he should
+not have acknowledged the aid he derived from it, is a mystery. As I
+mentioned before, the handwriting is far prior to Morell's day. The volume
+is rendered still more interesting by its having many of Stanley's
+emendations, about which such a controversy arose from the observations
+made by Blomfield in his preface to the _Agamemnon_. And I am almost
+induced to think it might originally have belonged to Stanley, who made a
+similar use of it to what Morell did. Many of the emendations are _still
+inedited_. This valuable volume, therefore, is of great interest, (1) from
+the vast number of MSS. readings, and (2) from its having been formerly in
+the possession of Dr. Morell, and the circumstances above mentioned. It is
+a very large and clean copy of the now scarce edition of H. Stephens; and
+your bibliographical readers will be astonished to hear I purchased it for
+_one shilling_! I may mention I showed it to the Bishop of London and Dr.
+Wordsworth, Canon of Westminster, who were both interested with it. The
+latter showed me in return several volumes of MSS. collections for a new
+edition of Æschylus, made by his lamented brother the late Mr. John
+Wordsworth, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, perhaps the profoundest
+Greek scholar next to Porson the University of Cambridge ever possessed,
+and who so ably reviewed Professor Scholefield's Æschylus in the
+_Philological Museum_. The classical world can never sufficiently regret
+that death prevented us from receiving at his hands a first-rate edition of
+this noble poet, as he had been at much pains in travelling all over the
+Continent, and examining all the MSS. extant; and from his known partiality
+to the author, and {605} vast learning, would doubtless have done ample
+justice to his task.
+
+RICHARD HOOPER.
+
+St. Stephen's, Westminster.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ON A PASSAGE IN THE "MERCHANT OF VENICE," ACT III. SC. 2.
+
+The passage in which I am about to propose some verbal corrections has
+already been in part examined by your correspondent A. E. B. in p. 483. of
+this volume; but the points, except one, to which I advert, have not been
+touched by that gentleman. The first folio reads thus:
+
+ "Thus ornament is but the _guiled_ shore
+  To a most dangerous sea, the beauteous scarfe
+  Vailing an Indian _beautie_; In a word,
+  The seeming truth which cunning times put on
+  To intrap the wisest. Therefore then, thou gaudie gold,
+  Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee,
+  Nor none of thee, thou _pale_ and common drudge
+  Tweene man and man; but thou, thou meager lead,
+  Which rather threatnest than doth promise ought,
+  Thy palenesse moves me more than eloquence,
+  And here choose I, joy be the consequence."
+
+The word _guiled_ in the first line is printed _guilded_ in the second
+folio, the form in which _gilded_ appears often in the old copies. I have
+no doubt that this is the true reading, and it would obviate the difficulty
+of supposing that Shakspeare wrote guil_ed_ for guil_ing_.
+
+In Henry Peacham's _Minerva Britanna_, 1612, p. 207., of _deceitful_ "court
+favour" it is said:
+
+ "She beares about a holy-water brush,
+  Wherewith her bountie round about she throwes
+  Fair promises, good wordes, and gallant showes:
+  Herewith a knot of _guilded_ hookes she beares," &c.
+
+Notwithstanding your correspondent's ingenious argument to show that
+_beautie_ in the third line may be the true reading, I cannot but think
+that it is a mistake of the compositor caught from _beauteous_ in the
+preceding line; and that _gypsie_ was the word used by the poet, who thus
+designates Cleopatra. The words in their old form might well be confused.
+For "thou _pale_ and common drudge," in the seventh line, I unhesitatingly
+read "thou _stale_ and common drudge;" and, by so doing, avoid the
+repetition of the same epithet to silver and lead. It is evident that the
+epithet applied to silver should be a depreciating one; while _paleness_ is
+said to _move more than eloquence_. The following passage in _King Henry
+IV._, Part I. Act III. Sc. 2. confirms this reading:
+
+ "So _common_ hackney'd in the eyes of men,
+  So _stale_ and cheap."
+
+To obviate the repetition, Warburton altered _paleness_ to _plainness_, but
+_paleness_ was the appropriate epithet for lead. Thus, Baret has,
+"_Palenesse or wannesse_ like lead. Ternissure."
+
+And in _Romeo and Juliet_, Act II. Sc. 5., we have:
+
+ "Unwieldly, slow, heavy and _pale as lead_."
+
+With these simple and, most of them, obvious corrections, I submit the
+passage to the impartial consideration of those who with me think that our
+immortal poet, so consummate a master of English, has been here, as
+elsewhere, rendered obscure, if not absurd, by the blunders of the printer.
+It will then run thus:
+
+ "Thus ornament is but the _gilded_ shore
+  To a most dangerous sea: the beauteous scarf
+  Veiling an Indian _gipsy_; in a word,
+  The seeming truth which cunning times put on
+  To entrap the wisest. Therefore, thou gaudy gold
+  Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee:
+  Nor none of thee, thou _stale_ and common drudge
+ 'Tween man and man: but thou, thou meagre lead,
+  Which rather threat'nest than doth promise aught,
+  Thy paleness moves me more than eloquence,
+  And here choose I; joy be the consequence!"
+
+I may just observe, that in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act II. Sc. 2., the
+quarto copies have printed _pale_ for _stale_, which is corrected in the
+folio.
+
+S. W. SINGER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+EPISODE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION.
+
+_Mademoiselle de Sombreuil and the Glass of Blood._
+
+    "... In the Abbaye, Sombreuil, the venerable Governor of the Invalides,
+    was brought up to the table, and Maillard had pronounced the words 'à
+    la Force,' when the Governor's daughter, likewise a prisoner, rushed
+    through pikes and sabres, clasped her old father in her arms so tightly
+    that none could separate her from him, and made such piteous cries and
+    prayers that some were touched. She vowed that her father was no
+    aristocrat, that she herself hated aristocrats. But to put her to a
+    further proof, or to indulge their bestial caprices, the ruffians
+    presented to her a cup full of blood, and said 'Drink! drink of the
+    blood of the aristocrats, and your father shall be saved!' The lady
+    took the horrible cup, and drank and the monsters kept their promise."
+
+Thus, in relating the massacres of September, writes the author of Knight's
+_Pictorial Hist. of Engl._ (Reign of Geo. III., vol. iii. p. 160.); and
+thus tradition has handed down to us this most horrible episode of the
+first French revolution; one which made so deep an impression on my own
+mind, that the scene was always uppermost whenever the atrocities committed
+during that eventful period of French history were under consideration.
+This impression, I am glad to say, has now been removed by M. Granier de
+Cassagnac, who (_Histoire du Directoire_) states that the tradition is not
+founded on fact; and as it is the first denial of the event which has come
+under my notice, I send you the substance of the evidence which M. de
+Cassagnac brings forward in support of his statement:-- {606}
+
+1. The Marquise de Fausse-Lendry, in her work, _Quelques-uns des Fruits
+amers de la Révolution_, does not make any allusion to the fact, although
+she was in the same chamber with Mlle. de Sombreuil, and relates her heroic
+devotion to her father.
+
+2. Peltier, who was in Paris at the time, and published his _Histoire de la
+Révolution du 10 Août_ early in 1793, does not say a word as to the
+occurrence.
+
+3. The report of Piette, which was drawn up in Mlle. de Sombreuil's favour,
+and from details supplied by herself, is completely silent on the matter.
+
+4. Being arrested with her father, and her younger brother, Mlle. de
+Sombreuil was taken to the Prison de la Bourbe on the 31st of December,
+1793. One of the prisoners thus notices the event in his journal:
+
+     "Du 11 Nivôse, an II.
+
+    "L'on amena aussi a famille Sombreuil, le père, le fils, et la fille:
+    tout le monde sait que cette courageuse citoyenne se précipita, dans
+    les journées du mois de Septembre, entre son père et le fer des
+    assassins, et parvint à l'arracher de leurs mains. Depuis, sa tendresse
+    n'avait fait que s'accroître, et il n'est sorte de soins qu'elle ne
+    prodiguât à son père, malgré les horribles convulsions qui la
+    tourmentaient tous les mois, pendant trois jours, depuis cette
+    lamentable époque. Quand elle parut au salon, tous les yeux se fixèrent
+    sur elle et se remplirent de larmes."--_Tableau des Prisons de Paris
+    sous Robespierre_, p. 93.
+
+Here again, not a word about the glass of blood, although the narrative was
+written at no very distant period from the occurrences of September.
+
+Maton de la Varennes, in his _Hist. particulière des Evènemens_, written
+subsequent to the events of Fructidor, year V., is enthusiastic in his
+praise of Mlle. de S.'s devotion; but says not a word as to the horrible
+sacrifice by which she is represented to have purchased her father's life.
+
+The tradition is found for the first time in print in a note to Legouvé's
+_Mérite des Femmes_, which appeared in 1801; and the subject has been
+consecrated by the pen of the exiled poet Victor Hugo, in an ode to Mlle.
+de Sombreuil. Since then M. Thiers, without further looking into the
+matter, has given place to it in his _Hist. de la Révolut. Française_:
+
+Victor Hugo's lines are the following:--
+
+ "S'élançant au travers des armes:
+  --Mes amis, respectez ses jours!
+  --Crois-tu nous fléchir par tes larmes?
+  --Oh! je vous bénirai toujours!
+  C'est sa fille qui vous implore;
+  Rendez-le moi; qu'il vive encore!
+  --Vois-tu le fer déjà levé;
+  Crains d'irriter notre colère;
+  Et si tu veux sauver ton père,
+  Bois ce sang....--Mon père est sauvé!"
+
+The subsequent history of this unfortunate family was this. M. de Sombreuil
+and his youngest son perished on the scaffold, the 10th June, 1794. The
+elder brother, Charles de Sombreuil, was shot at Vannes in June, 1795,
+after the Quiberon expedition. Leaving prison and France, after the 9th
+Thermidor, Mlle. de S. married an emigrant, the Comte de Villelume, who,
+under the Restoration, became governor of the Invalides at Avignon, at
+which place she died in 1823.
+
+PHILIP S. KING.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MILTON INDEBTED TO TACITUS.
+
+There is perhaps nothing in "Lycidas" which has so commended itself to the
+memory and lips of men, as that exquisite strain of tender regret and
+pathetic despondency in which occur the lines--
+
+ "Fame is the spur which the clear spirit doth raise
+  (That last infirmity of noble mind)
+  To scorn delights, and live laborious days."
+
+It is with no desire to impair our admiration of these noble lines that I
+would ask, if that graceful glorifying of Fame as "the last infirmity of
+noble minds" was not suggested by the profound remark of Tacitus, in his
+character of the stoical republican, Helvidius Priscus (_Hist._, l. iv. c.
+6.):
+
+    "Erant, quibus appetentior famæ videretur, quando etiam sapientibus
+    cupido gloriæ novissima exuitur."
+
+The great Englishman has condensed and intensified the expression of the
+concise and earnest Roman. This is one of those delightful obligations
+which repay themselves: Milton has more than returned the favour of the
+borrowed thought by lending it a heightened expression.
+
+THOMAS H. GILL.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics."_--Some of your correspondents
+having expressed a wish that the MS. remarks of eminent scholars, when met
+with by your readers, might be communicated to the world through your
+pages, I beg to send you the following observations, signed _J. Warton_,
+which I have found on the blank leaf of a copy of Aristotle's _Poetics_
+(edit. of Ruddimannos, Edinb. 1731):--
+
+    "To attempt to understand poetry without having diligently digested
+    this treatise, would be as absurd and impossible as to pretend to a
+    skill in geometry without having studied Euclid. The fourteenth,
+    fifteenth, and sixteenth chapters, wherein he has pointed out the
+    properest methods of exciting terror and pity, convince us that he was
+    intimately acquainted with those objects which most forcibly affect the
+    heart. The prime excellence of this precious treatise is the scholastic
+    precision and philosophical clearness with which the subject is
+    handled, without any address to {607} the passions or imagination. It
+    is to be lamented that the part of the Poeticks in which he has given
+    precepts for comedy did not likewise descend to posterity."
+
+A considerable number of notes, in the same handwriting, are also in the
+volume.
+
+J. M.
+
+Oxford.
+
+_Misappropriated Quotation._--I have heard the following passage of Lord
+Bacon's, Essay VIII., and by a Cambridge D.D. too, so far as the word
+"fortune," attributed to Paley:
+
+    "He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune, for
+    they are impediments to great enterprises. The best works of the
+    greatest merit for the public have proceeded from unmarried and
+    childless men."
+
+B. B.
+
+_The God Arciacon._--In a _Descriptive Account of the Antiquities in the
+Grounds and in the Museum of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society_, drawn up
+by the learned Curator of the antiquities, at page 20. I find the following
+inscription and explanation:--
+
+    "N. III. An altar recently discovered in the rubble foundation, under
+    one of the pillars of the church of St. Dionis, Walmgate, York. It is
+    inscribed:
+
+           DEO
+        ARCIACON
+      ET N. AVG. SI
+      MAT. VITALIS
+      ORD V. S. LM.
+
+    Which may be read thus: DEO Arciacon et Numini Augusti Simatius Vitalis
+    Ordovix Votum solvit libens merito, _i.e._ To the God Arciacon and to
+    the Divinity of Augustus, Simatius Vitalis, one of the Ordovices,
+    discharges his vow willingly, deservedly--namely, by dedicating this
+    altar. There is nothing in this inscription to indicate its date, or
+    the Emperor to whose divinity, in part, the altar is dedicated. The god
+    Arciacon, whose name occurs in no other inscription, was probably one
+    of those local deities to whom the Roman legions were so prone to pay
+    religious reverence, especially if in the attributes ascribed to them
+    they bore any resemblance to the gods of their own country. If the
+    reading and interpretation of ORD be right, Vitalis was a Briton; and
+    Arciacon may have been a deity acknowledged by the Ordovices, who
+    occupied the northern parts of Wales."
+
+In the name ARCIACON I fancy that I see in a Latinized form the British
+words ARCH IACHAWR, _i.e._ the Supreme Healer. _Arch_ has the same meaning
+in Welsh as it has in the English and several other languages. In
+combination it is shortened to _Ar_, as in Yr Arglwdd Dduw, the Lord God.
+My conjecture is, that the Britons may have worshipped a God whose
+attributes resembled those of the Æsculapius of the Greeks. I hope that
+some of the contributors to "N. & Q." will be so kind as to give some
+information on this subject.
+
+[Inverted hand symbol]
+
+_Gat-tothed._--I do not know whether this mysterious word in the
+description of the "Wife of Bath[3]," has been satisfactorily explained
+since the time of Tyrwhitt; but perhaps the following passage may suggest a
+new reading in addition to "cat-tothed" and "gap-tothed," which he gives in
+his note on _Canterbury Tales_, p. 470.:
+
+    "The Doctor deriveth his pedigree from Grono ap Heylyn, who descended
+    from Brocknel Skythrac, one of the princes of Powis-land, in whose
+    family was ever observed that one of them had a _gag_-tooth, and the
+    same was a notable omen of good fortune."--Barnard's _Life of Heylyn_,
+    p. 75., reprinted in _Heyl. Hist. Ref._ Eccl. Hist. Soc., 1. xxxii.
+
+Query, What was a _gag-tooth_? The "Wife" herself says,
+
+ "Gat-tothed I was, and that became my wele,
+  I hold the print of Seinte Venus sele."--6185-6.
+
+J. C. R.
+
+[Footnote 3: "Bath" corrected from "Both"--Transcriber.]
+
+_Goujere._--The usage of this word by Shakspeare (in the Second Part of
+_Henry IV._) is another proof that he took refuge in Cornwall, when he fled
+from the scene of his deerstalking danger. The _Goujere_ is the old Cornish
+name of the Fiend, or the Devil; and is still in use among the folk words
+of the West.
+
+C. E. H. MORWENSTOW.
+
+_The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines._--In looking over the Registers of the
+Parish of Laneham, Notts, last April, I discovered on one of the leaves the
+Commandments with the above title. It is signed "Richard Christian, 1689:"
+he was vicar at that time.
+
+ "Have thou no other Gods Butt me.
+  Unto no Image bow thy knee
+  Take not the name of God in vain
+  Doe not thy Sabboth day profaine
+  Honour thy ffather and Mother too
+  And see y^t thou no murder doo
+  ffrom vile Adultry keep the cleane
+  And Steale not tho thy state be meane
+  Bear no ffalse Witness, shun y^t Blott
+  What is thy neighbour's Couet not.
+
+  Whrite these thy Laws Lord in my heart
+  And Lett me not from them depart."
+
+S. WISWOULD.
+
+_Vellum-bound Books._--In a list of thirty books printed for T. Carnan and
+F. Newbery, and issued in 1773, I find the phrase _two volumes bound in one
+in the vellum manner_ in seven instances; also, _four volumes bound in two
+in the vellum manner_; and, _six volumes bound in three in the vellum
+manner_. In other cases we have only the word _bound_ or _sewed_. I have a
+suspicion that the phrase _in the vellum manner_ may have some obsolete
+meaning; and submit this note to the consideration of those who are in
+search of a _vellum-bound Junius_.
+
+BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+{608}
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+THOMAS GILL, THE BLIND MAN OF ST. EDMUNDSBURY.
+
+Putting in order this morning a mass of pamphlets, which my women-kind
+threaten to sweep into the kitchen unless more _tidily_ kept, I came upon a
+few poetical tracts by "Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury." Not
+having had any previous acquaintance with this poetical moralist, I have
+looked over the lot; but beyond the above description of himself upon their
+titles, they afford little information regarding their author.
+
+There is, however, proof, in _The Blind Man's Case at London_, 1711, that
+Gill was a character in his day. In what he loftily calls "The Argument" to
+these eight pages of doggrel, he says:
+
+    "The Blind Man of Bury by the Persuasions of his Printer, and some
+    other supposed Friends, takes his Wife with him to London, with an
+    Intention to settle there, where they met with so many Inconveniences,
+    and so great Difficulties and Charges, as soon disgusted them with the
+    Place."
+
+Hereupon the blind man, finding himself disappointed in his expectations
+of, apparently, a larger sphere for his begging operations, opens out upon
+the metropolis in a fine round style of abuse in his "Letter to his Good
+Friend and Benefactor at Bury."
+
+Desirous that my successor in the O---- library should have the advantage
+of all the information I can collect, in regard to the bibliographical
+curiosities therein contained, I am induced to avail myself of the medium
+your pages afford to inquire whether any of your Suffolk antiquaries can
+give me, or point out where I can help myself to, any particulars touching
+my new friend with an old face.
+
+J. O.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BRONZE MEDALS.
+
+Having applied in vain to several distinguished numismatists respecting
+certain bronze medals in my cabinet, which have baffled my own researches,
+I now beg to seek for information through the medium of "N. & Q.," to which
+I have been already much indebted; and have little doubt but that among
+your many intelligent correspondents some one will be found to solve my
+difficulties.
+
+The medals to which I refer, and which I will describe very briefly, are
+the following; and I am desirous of obtaining some account of the persons
+in whose honour they were struck:--
+
+1. _Astalia._ Size (Mionnet's scale), 16. "Diva Julia Astalia." Bust to the
+left. Rev. "Unicum for. et pud. Exemplum." A phoenix rising from its ashes.
+Probably not later than the early part of the sixteenth century.
+
+2. _Conestagius._ Size, 15½. "Hieronimus Conestagius, MDXC." Bust in armour
+to the right, with ruff round the neck. Beneath, "MART. S***." Rev. A pen
+and a sword in saltire. An oval in high relief, of Italian workmanship.
+
+3. _Meratus._ Size, 13½. "Franciscus Meratus I.P.F." Bearded bust to the
+right. Rev. "Me Duce Tutus Eris." A figure seated holding a book in its
+right hand. Query the meaning of the initials after the name?
+
+4. _Aragonia._ Size, 13. "D. Maria Aragonia." Bust to the right, with a
+crown falling from her head. Rev. None.
+
+5. _Hanna._ Size, 18. "Martinus de Hanna." Bust in a gown, to the right.
+Rev. "Spes mea in Deo est." A full-length figure, with hands clasped and
+raised towards heaven: apparently a foreign Protestant divine.
+
+6. _Corsi._ Size, 20. "Laura Corsi March. Salviati." Hooded bust to the
+left, with crucifix suspended from the neck. Beneath, "MDCCVIII." Rev.
+"Mens immota manet." Full-length female figure, with helmet on her head,
+leaning on a spear round which a serpent is twined, with a stag by her
+side. In the background, on one side, is represented a castle on a wooded
+height; on the other, a vessel is seen labouring in a storm. A striking
+medal; and the lady's portrait makes one feel interested to learn her
+history, which seemingly ought to be known: but I must confess my ignorance
+even whether the Marquisate of Salviati be in Italy or Sicily.
+
+JOHN J. A. BOASE.
+
+P.S.--John de Silvâ, Count de Portalegre, who accompanied Don Sebastian in
+his expedition to Africa against Muley Moloch, published at Genoa in 1585 a
+work entitled _Dell' Unione del Regno di Portogallo alla Corona di
+Castiglia_, under the name of _Conestaggio_; but not having the book by me,
+I do not know whether the Christian name "Geronimo" also appears.
+
+    [The remainder of the title-page reads, "Istoria Del Sig. Ieronimo De
+    Franchi Conestaggio Gentilhuomo Genovese."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ACWORTH QUERIES.
+
+In the church of St. Mary Luton, Beds, there is a brass slab bearing the
+figures of a knight and his two wives, with the following inscription:
+
+    "Pray for the soules of John Acworth Squyer and Alys and Amy his wyfes,
+    which John deceased the xvij day of March the yer of our Lord
+    M'v^cxiij. On whose souls Jhu have mercy."
+
+For arms, he bore quarterly, 1st and 4th, erm. on a chief indented gu. 3
+coronets or. 2nd and 3rd, or, between 3 roses a chev. gu.
+
+In the reign of Henry VIII. there was one Johan Acworth (a lady of the
+bedchamber to Katherine Howard), who married Sir John Bulmer, and went to
+reside at York.
+
+John Acworth was, I believe, succeeded by his son, George Acworth, who
+married Margaret, the {609} daughter of -- Wilborefoss, of Durham, Esquire,
+and had issue a daughter, Johan Acworth. This Johan Acworth married Sir
+Edward Waldegrave, the youngest son of George Waldegrave, of Smalbridge,
+Essex, Esq. I do not know if George Acworth had any other issue.
+
+In 1560 there was a George Acworth who was public orator of Cambridge. He
+was formerly of Peterhouse, and took his D.C.L. at St. John's, Oxon. He was
+in his early days the friend and companion of Archbishop Parker. In 1576,
+he was appointed Master of the Faculties, Judge of the Prer. Court of
+Ireland. He is said to have died in Ireland, but where or when I do not
+know.
+
+There was another of the name, Allin Acworth, formerly of Magdalen Hall,
+Oxon, and Vicar of St. Nicholas, Rochester, Kent. He was a sufferer by the
+Act of Uniformity, having been, in consequence of that Act, expelled his
+vicarage in 1666. Of his subsequent history I find no trace.
+
+If any of your correspondents can give me any information relative to any
+of the above, their descent, or intermarriages, I shall be much obliged.
+
+The name is, I believe, an uncommon one, and is only borne, as far as I can
+learn, by one family now in existence. There was, however, another family
+of the name formerly belonging to Suffolk, who bore for arms: Sa. a griffin
+segreant armed and langued or. But I cannot find any trace of their
+residence, &c., or when they flourished or became extinct.
+
+I believe there was a Baron of the name in the reign of one of the early
+Henries, but unfortunately can discover no certain information about him.
+
+The above particulars are wanted for genealogical purposes.
+
+G. B. A.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+"_Row the boat, Norman._"--In the _Chronicles of England_ collected by John
+Stow, and printed in 1580, is the following passage:--
+
+    "1454. John Norman, Draper, Maior. Before thys time the Maiors,
+    Aldermen, and Commoners of the Citie of London were wonte all to ride
+    to Westminster when the Maior should take hys charge, but this Maior
+    was rowed thyther by water; for the whiche the watermen made of hym a
+    song, 'Rowe the boate, Norman,' &c."
+
+Are any of your correspondents in possession of the words of this song? or
+is the tune to which it was sung known?
+
+T. G. H.
+
+_The Hereditary Standard Bearer._--In Crawford's _Peerage of Scotland_ it
+is mentioned, that in the year 1107 Alexander I., by a special grant,
+appointed a member of the Carron family (to whom he gave the name of
+Scrimgeour, for his valour in a _sharp fight_) the office of Hereditary
+Standard Bearer. Can you inform me how the Scrimgeours were deprived of
+this honour? The family is not extinct, and yet I see the Hereditary Royal
+Standard Bearer is now a Wedderburne, and the Earl of Lauderdale is also
+Hereditary Standard Bearer. There surely must have been injustice committed
+some time to cause such confusion. When and how did it take place?
+
+T. G. H.
+
+_Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars; May-butter; English Guzman._--In Walton's
+_Complete Angler_, in the beginning of the discourse between Piscator and
+Venator, the former, expatiating on the antiquity of the art of angling,
+gives as one of the traditions of its origin, that Seth, one of the sons of
+Adam,
+
+    "Left it engraven on those pillars which he erected, and trusted to
+    preserve the knowledge of the mathematics, music, and the rest of that
+    precious knowledge, and those useful arts which, by God's appointment
+    or allowance, and his noble industry, were thereby preserved from
+    perishing in Noah's flood."
+
+What is the tradition of Seth's Pillars?
+
+Piscator in chap. v. says:
+
+    "But I promise to tell you more of the fly-fishing for a trout, which I
+    may have time enough to do, for you see it rains May-butter."
+
+What is May-butter, or the origin of the saying?
+
+In the amusing contest between the gypsies related in the same chapter,
+these worthies were too wise to go to law about the residuary shilling, and
+did therefore choose their choice friends Rook and Shark, and our late
+English Guzman, to be their arbitrators and umpires.
+
+What is the explanation of these names? There appears to be some natural
+consequence to this choice, for the decision seems to have been arrived at
+by the act of reference. The notes explain that by "our English Guzman"[4]
+was intended one James, a noted thief. I suppose his prototype was Don
+Guzman D'Alfarache; but no interpretation of the passage is given. Would it
+be found to have reference to some passage in the book referred to in the
+note?
+
+ANON.
+
+[Footnote 4: [Sir Harris Nicolas says: "The allusion is to a work which had
+appeared three years before: _The English Gusman; or, the History of that
+unparalleled Thief, James Hind_, written by G. F. [George Fidge] 4to.,
+London, 1652. Hind appears to have been the greatest thief of his age; the
+son of a saddler at Chipping Norton, and apprenticed to a butcher. In the
+rebellion he attached himself to the royal cause, and was actively engaged
+in the battles of Worcester and Warrington. In 1651, he was arrested by
+order of parliament, under the name of Brown, 'at one Denzy's, a barber
+over against St. Dunstan's Church, Fleet Street;' which circumstance may
+have introduced him to Walton's notice."--ED.]]
+
+{610}
+
+_Radish Feast._--I copied the following from the north door of St. Ebbe's
+Church, Oxford. Can any of your correspondents explain the origin and
+meaning of this feast?
+
+     "_St. Ebbe's Parish._
+
+    "The annual meeting for the election of Church-wardens for this Parish
+    will be held in the vestry of the Parish Church on Easter Tuesday, at 4
+    o'clock in the afternoon.
+
+     "WM. BRUNNER, }
+       WM. FISHER,  } Churchwardens.
+
+    "Dated 10 April, 1852.
+
+    "The Radish Feast will be at the Bull Inn, New Street, immediately
+    after the Vestry."
+
+R. R. ROWE.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_What Kind of Drink is Whit?_--In going over the famous old mansion
+Cothele, near Tavistock, the other day, I saw, among other primæval
+crockery, three pot-bellied jugs, two of which were inscribed "Sack, 1646;"
+and the third, a smaller one, "Whit, 1646." What kind of drink is _whit_?
+
+W. G. C.
+
+_"Felix natu," &c._--
+
+ "Felix natu, felicior vitâ, felicissimus morte."
+
+Of whom was this said, and by whom?
+
+HENRY H. BREEN.
+
+St. Lucia.
+
+"_Gutta cavat lapidem._"--Can any reader of "N. & Q." inform me whence the
+following verse is taken?
+
+ "Gutta cavat lapidem, non vi sed sæpe cadendo."
+
+The first half, I know, is the commencement of a line in _Ov. ex Ponto_,
+Ep. x. v. 5., which concludes with--
+
+ "... consumitur annulus usu."
+
+I have seen it quoted, but no reference given.
+
+A. W.
+
+Kilburn.
+
+_Punch and Judy._--Are any of your readers of "N. & Q." not aware that
+_Punch and Judy_ is a corruption, both in word and deed, of _Pontius cum
+Judæis_, one of the old mysteries, the subject of which was Pontius Pilate
+with the Jews; and particularly in reference to St. Matt. xxvii. 19.? I
+should be glad to hear of some similar instances.
+
+BOEOTICUS.
+
+Edgmond, Salop.
+
+_Sir John Darnall_ (Vol. v., pp. 489. 545.).--Can either of your
+correspondents, E. N. or G., inform me whether the Sir John Darnall, who is
+the subject of their communications, is descended from John Darnall, who
+was a Baron of the Exchequer in 1548, or give me any particulars of the
+"birth parentage, education, life, character, and behaviour" of the latter?
+
+EDWARD FOSS.
+
+_The Chevalier St. George._--Can any of the numerous readers of "N. & Q."
+inform me where ample and minute accounts, either in print or MS., of the
+Life and Court of the Chevalier St. George, particularly from the death of
+James II. to his own death, can be obtained; also, of his ministers of
+state, personal attendants, &c.? I have already examined such of the Stuart
+Papers as have been published by Mr. Glover, and by Brown in his _History
+of the Highland Clans_.
+
+J. W. H.
+
+_Declaration of 2000 Clergymen._--Several allusions have been lately made
+at Parliament to the 2000 clergymen who signed a Declaration calling in
+question the Queen's supremacy. Was a list of these clergymen ever
+published? If so, in what newspaper or periodical? What were the exact
+words of the declaration?
+
+RUSTICUS.
+
+_MS. "De Humilitate."_--Can any of your correspondents give me any
+information as to the date, authorship, or value of a MS. that has lately
+fallen into my hands? It is a thin quarto, beautifully written upon
+parchment. The title page is wanting, and the MS. commences with the index:
+but the title of the work is _De Humilitate_. It consists of twenty-four
+chapters. The heading of the first two is as follows:
+
+    "Incipit prologus in libello qui inscribitur de humilitate,
+
+    Cap. I. Quam perniciosum sit et Deo odibile superbiæ initium, et
+    qualiter ac de quibus gloriandum sit.
+
+    II. Quod sit superbia fugienda et sectanda humilitas, quæ in sui vera
+    cognitione fundata consistit," &c.
+
+The top of the first page has a rich initial letter; and at the bottom a
+coat of arms: Crest, a leopard rampant; shield, argent, 3 bars gules, on a
+chief azure 3 fleur de lys or. The heading of each chapter is written in
+red ink.
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_MS. Work on Seals._--Moule, in his _Bibliotheca Heraldica_, states that
+there was at the date of the publication of his work (1822), in the library
+at Stowe, a MS. work, two volumes, folio, by Anstis, on the Antiquity and
+Use of Seals. Can any of your readers inform me in whose possession this
+work now is?
+
+A. O. D. D.
+
+_Sir George Carew._--Sir George Carew, the able commander and crafty
+statesman of Queen Elizabeth's time, was created Earl of Totness. His
+grandfather mortgaged his ancestral estate of Carew, in Pembrokeshire, to
+Sir Rhys ap Thomas, who, with its subsequent possessors, Sir John Perrot
+and the Earl of Essex, made great additions to Carew Castle, the
+magnificent remains of which entitle it to be called the ruined Windsor of
+Wales.
+
+The Carews then pushed their fortunes in Ireland, and endeavoured to
+recover the "Marquisate of Cork" on an obsolete and false claim. {611}
+
+The writer wishes for an accurate pedigree of Sir George Carew, showing his
+relationship to Sir Peter Carew, who was buried at Ross, and to Sir Peter
+who was killed at the skirmish of Glendalough in 1581.
+
+H.
+
+_Docking Horses' Tails._--I should be glad to learn when the practice of
+docking horses' tails commenced in England, or in any country of Europe,
+and what was the immediate cause of this amputation? I cannot trace in the
+plates of Froissart, or others of a later date, any indication of this
+practice, and in them there are no tails lopped of their fair proportions.
+
+What other nations besides the English have ever docked their horses'
+tails; and where is any account to be found of their reasons for so doing?
+
+If any of your correspondents will answer these Queries, I shall feel
+obliged.
+
+TAIL.
+
+_St. Albans, William, Abbot of._--Archbishop Morton addressed a monition in
+1490 to William, Abbot of St. Albans. It is to be found in Wilkin's
+_Concilia_, iii. 632., and is extracted from Archbishop Morton's
+_Register_, fol. 22. b. Now, in Tanner's _Notitia_, and in Dugdale's
+_Monasticon_, it is stated that William Wallingford, Abbot of St. Albans,
+died in 1484; and that the chair was vacant until 1492, when Thomas Ramryge
+was elected abbot. Archbishop Morton's original letter is, I believe, to be
+seen in the register at Lambeth, and its date is distinctly 1490. This
+date, moreover, agrees with the Excerpta of Dr. Ducarel in the British
+Museum.
+
+Can any of your readers solve this difficulty for me, as I am anxious to
+know immediately whether I may safely identify "William," the notorious
+evil-liver of Morton's monition, with "Wallington," who bears a respectable
+character in Dugdale's _Monasticon_.
+
+L. H. J. TONNA.
+
+_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship._--
+
+    "I am grieved at every sad story I hear. I am troubled when I hear of a
+    pretty bride murdered in her bride-chamber by an ambitious and enraged
+    rival," &c.--_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship_, p. 37, fol. Lond. 1674.
+
+This was written A.D. 1657: what is the case referred to?
+
+C. P. E.
+
+_Colonel or Major-General Lee._--The dates of his letters tend to prove
+that Lee was on the continent in 1770, and this is apparently borne out by
+the "memoirs" published both in America and in England. But Dr. Girdleston,
+in his strange work published in 1813, asserts that on the 20th April,
+1770, at the christening of Sir Charles Davis's eldest son, Charles Sydney,
+Lee was at Rushbrooke in Suffolk. The proof, however, is not adduced in a
+simple and straightforward manner. At page 6, Dr. Girdlestone tells us that
+some person, not named, remembers that Lee stood sponsor, &c.; at page 7,
+that the register proves that the baptism took place on the 20th April,
+1770; and at page 13, that the register proves that Lee was on the 20th
+April "in that church." This last is the only fact bearing on the question
+at issue. Will any of your intelligent correspondents residing at Bury
+favour you with a copy of the register of the baptism of Charles Sydney on
+the 20th April, 1770?
+
+C. M. L.
+
+"_Roses all that's fair adorn._"--Can you inform me where I can find a copy
+of an old poem, which begins as follows:
+
+ "Roses all that's fair adorn,
+  Rosy-finger'd is the morn," &c.;
+
+since I have searched in vain for it.
+
+W. S.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries Answered.
+
+_Donne._--In Walton's _Life of Donne_ it is said that Donne left behind
+him--
+
+    "The resultance of 1400 authors, most of them abridged and analysed
+    with his own hand; he left also some six score of sermons, all written
+    with his own hand."
+
+Can any one tell me what has become of these MSS., and where they are now
+to be found if they still exist?
+
+AJAX.
+
+    [The Sermons have been published in three volumes folio: the first
+    printed in 1640, containing eighty; the second in 1649, containing
+    fifty; and the third in 1660, containing twenty-six.]
+
+_Dr. Evans._--Who was Dr. Evans, author of the _Sketch of Christian
+Denominations_? It would not be easy to ascertain, from internal evidence,
+what "denomination" he was himself! Who is the modern editor, the Rev.
+James Bransby?
+
+A. A. D.
+
+    [Mr. Evans was born at Uske in Monmouthshire in 1767, studied at the
+    Bristol Academy, and afterwards at the Universities of Aberdeen and
+    Edinburgh. In 1792 he became pastor of a congregation of General
+    Baptists in Worship Street, London; and opened an academy for youth in
+    Hoxton, which was subsequently removed to Islington. In 1819 he
+    obtained the diploma of Doctor of Laws from Brown University, in Rhode
+    Island, America. His death took place Jan. 25, 1827. In doctrinal
+    matters, we believe he was a mitigated Socinian; and we believe his
+    Editor, who was a schoolmaster at Carnarvon, held the same theological
+    views.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+CARLING SUNDAY--ROMAN FUNERAL PILE.
+
+(Vol. iii., p. 449.; Vol. iv., p. 381.; Vol. v., p. 67.)
+
+At Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and many other places in the North of England, grey
+peas, after having been steeped a night in water, are fried with butter,
+given away, and eaten at a kind of entertainment on the Sunday preceding
+Palm Sunday, which {612} was formerly called Care or Carle Sunday, as may
+be yet seen in some of our old almanacks. They are called _carlings_,
+probably, as we call the presents at fairs, _fairings_. Marshal, in his
+_Observations on the Saxon Gospels_, tells us that "the Friday on which
+Christ was crucified is called in German both Gute Freytag and Carr
+Freytag;" that the word _karr_ signifies a satisfaction for a fine or
+penalty; and that Care or Carr Sunday was not unknown to the English in his
+time, at least to such as lived among old people in the country.
+
+In the old Roman calendar I find it observed on this day (the 12th of
+March), that a dole is made of soft beans. I can hardly entertain a doubt
+but that our custom is derived from hence. It was usual among the Romanists
+to give away beans in the doles at funerals; it was also a rite in the
+funeral ceremonies of heathen Rome. There is a great deal of learning in
+Erasmus's _Adages_ concerning _the religious use of beans_, which were
+thought to belong to the dead. An observation which he gives us of Pliny
+concerning Pythagoras's interdiction of the pulse, is highly remarkable. It
+is "that beans contain the souls of the dead." For which cause also they
+were used in the Parentalia. Plutarch also, he tells us, held that pulse to
+be of the highest efficacy for invoking the manes. Ridiculous and absurd as
+these superstitions may appear, it is yet certain that our _carlings_
+deduce their origin from thence. On the interdiction of this pulse by
+Pythagoras, the following occurs in Spencer _De Leg. Hebr._, lib. i. p.
+1154.:--
+
+    "Quid enim Pythagoras, ejusque præceptores, Ægypti Mystæ, adeo
+    leguminum, fabarum imprimis, esum et aspectum fugerent; nisi quod cibi
+    mortuorum coenis et exequiis proprii, adeoque polluti et abominandi
+    haberentur," &c.--Brand's _Observations on Popular Antiquities_,
+    Ellis's ed., vol. i. pp. 95-99.
+
+In the notes in loco is mentioned "a practice of the Greek church, not yet
+out of use, to set boyled corne before the singers at their commemorations
+of the dead," v. _Gregorii Opusc._, p. 128. The length of this reply will
+not admit of my here enumerating the other emblems of the resurrection of
+the body used by the fathers and other writers. I shall therefore conclude
+with an extract from Rennel's _Geographical System of Herodotus_, p. 632.,
+relating to the Pythagorean prohibition of beans:--
+
+    "The Bengalese have the _Nymphæa nelumbo_ in their lakes and
+    inundations; and its fruit certainly resembles at all points that of
+    the second species of water-lily described by Herodotus; that is, it
+    has the form of the orbicular wasp's nest; and contains kernels of the
+    size and shape of a small bean. Amongst the Bramins this plant is held
+    _sacred_; but the kernels, which are of a better flavour than almonds,
+    are almost universally eaten by the Hindoos.
+
+    "It may, however, be a question whether it has always been the case;
+    and whether in the lapse of time that has taken place since the days of
+    Pythagoras (who is supposed to have visited India, as well as Chaldæa,
+    Persia, and Egypt), a relaxation in discipline may not have occasioned
+    the law to be dispensed with; instances enough of a like kind being to
+    be met with elsewhere. _Kyamos_ in the Greek language appears to
+    signify, not only a bean, but also the fruit or bean of the _Nymphæa
+    nelumbo_. Is it not probable then that the mystery of the famous
+    inhibition of Pythagoras, an enigma of which neither the ancients nor
+    the moderns have hitherto been able to give a rational solution, may be
+    discovered in those curious records of Sanscrit erudition, which the
+    meritorious labours of some of our countrymen in India are gradually
+    bringing to light?"
+
+BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+HART AND MOHUN.
+
+(Vol. v., p. 466.)
+
+In Downes' _Roscius Anglicanus_, edit. 1789, mention is made of these two
+actors, thus:
+
+    "Hart was apprentice to Robinson, an actor who lived before the Civil
+    Wars; he afterwards had a captain's commission, and fought for Charles
+    I. He acted women's parts when a boy.
+
+    "Mohun was brought up under Robinson, as Hart and others were: in his
+    youth he acted Bellamente, in _Love's Cruelty_, which part he retained
+    after the Restoration."--Page 10.
+
+It appears to have been the practice of the old actors--the "master
+actors," as they were called--to take youths as apprentices, and to
+initiate them in female characters, as a preparatory step towards something
+weightier. Richard Robinson, above-mentioned, _circa_ 1616, usually
+performed female characters himself.[5] In 1647 his name occurs, with
+several others, prefixed to the dedication of the first folio edition of
+Fletcher's _Plays_. He served in the king's army in the civil wars, and was
+killed in an engagement by Harrison, who refused him quarter, and who was
+afterwards hanged at Charing Cross.
+
+The patent of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, of which Mr. Hart and Major
+Mohun formed part of the company, having descended from Thomas to Charles
+Killigrew--
+
+    "In 1682 he joined it to Dr. Davenant's patent, whose company acted
+    then in Dorset Garden, which, upon the union, were created the King's
+    Company: after which Mr. Hart acted no more, having a pension to the
+    day of his death from the United Company. I must not omit to mention
+    the parts in several plays of some of the actors, wherein they excelled
+    in the performance of them. First, Mr. Hart, in the part of Arbaces, in
+    _King and no King_; Amintor, in the _Maid's Tagedy_; Othello; Rollo;
+    Brutus, in _Julius Cæsar_; Alexander. Towards the latter end of his
+    acting, if he {613} acted in any one of these but once in a fortnight,
+    the house was filled as at a new play, especially Alexander; he acting
+    that with such grandeur and agreeable majesty, that one of the Court
+    was pleased to honour him with this commendation; that Hart might teach
+    any king on earth how to comport himself."[6]
+
+In Rymer's _Dissertation on Tragedy_ he is thus noticed:
+
+    "The eyes of the audience are prepossessed and charmed by his action,
+    before aught of the poet can approach their ears; and to the most
+    wretched of characters Hart gives a lustre which dazzles the sight,
+    that the deformities of the poet cannot be perceived."
+
+    "He was no less inferior in Comedy; as Mosca, in the _Fox_; Don John,
+    in the _Chances_; Wildblood, in the _Mock Astrologer_; with sundry
+    other parts. In all the Comedies and Tragedies he was concerned, he
+    perform'd with that exactness and perfection that not any of his
+    successors have equall'd him."[7]
+
+It would seem that through Hart's "excellent action" alone Ben Jonson's
+_Catiline_ (his own favourite play), which had been condemned on its first
+representation, was kept on the stage during the reign of Charles II. With
+Hart this play died.
+
+Previous to Nell Gwyn's elevation to royal favour, it is said, upon the
+authority of Sir George Etherge, in _Lives of the most celebrated Beauties,
+&c._, 1715, she was "protected" by Lacy, and afterwards by Hart. Whether
+this be true or not, it is certain that she received instructions in the
+Thespian art from both of these gentlemen.
+
+The cause of Hart retiring from the stage was in consequence of his being
+dreadfully afflicted with the stone and gravel, "of which he died sometime
+after, having a salary of forty shillings a week to the day of his death."
+
+Hart's Christian name was Charles. He is believed by Malone to have been
+Shakspeare's great nephew.[8]
+
+Major Mohun remained in the "United Company" after Hart's retirement.
+
+    "He was eminent for Volpone; Face, in the _Alchemist_; Melantius, in
+    the _Maid's Tragedy_; Mardonius, in _King and no King_; Cassius, in
+    _Julius Cæsar_; Clytus, in _Alexander_; Mithridates, &c. An eminent
+    poet[9] seeing him act this last, vented suddenly this saying: 'Oh,
+    Mohun, Mohun! thou little man of mettle, if I should write 100 plays,
+    I'd write a part for thy mouth.' In short, in all his parts, he was
+    most accurate and correct."[10]
+
+Rymer remarks:
+
+    "We may remember (however we find this scene of Melanthius and Amintor
+    written in the book) that at the Theater we have a good scene acted;
+    there is work cut out, and both our Æsopus and Roscius are on the stage
+    together. Whatever defect may be in Amintor and Melanthius, Mr. Hart
+    and Mr. Mohun are wanting in nothing. To these we owe what is pleasing
+    in the scene; and to this scene we may impute the success of the
+    '_Maid's Tragedy_.'"
+
+Major Mohun's Christian name was Michael.
+
+W. H. LN.
+
+Berwick-on-Tweed.
+
+[Footnote 5: See _The Devil is an Ass_, Act II. Sc. 8.]
+
+[Footnote 6: _Roscius Anglicanus_, p. 23.]
+
+[Footnote 7: Ibid., p. 24.]
+
+[Footnote 8: See _Historical Account of the English Stage_, in Malone's
+edition of Shakspeare, vol. i. part ii. p. 278. Lond. 1790.]
+
+[Footnote 9: Thought by Thomas Davies to have been Lee.]
+
+[Footnote 10: _Roscius Anglicanus._]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BURIAL WITHOUT RELIGIOUS SERVICE--BURIAL.
+
+(Vol. v., pp. 466. 549.)
+
+There can be no doubt, I think, that a burial ground, whether parish
+churchyard or cemetery, so long as it has been consecrated, or even
+licensed by the bishop, is only _legally_ useable for interments performed
+according to "the ecclesiastical laws of this realm;" _i.e._ the burial
+service, as rubrically directed, must be read by a clergyman over the
+corpse. Whether the bishop would have proceeded by law against the
+clergyman in Carlile's case, supposing he had desisted from the service
+under the protests of the sons, may be questioned; but that he could have
+done so is beyond a doubt. The sixty-eighth canon says, that "no minister
+shall refuse or delay to bury any corpse that is brought to the church or
+churchyard ... in such manner and form as is prescribed in the Book of
+Common Prayer. And if he shall refuse, &c., he shall be suspended by the
+bishop of the diocese from his ministry by the space of three months." The
+consecration, or episcopal licence, seems to tie the burial ground to the
+burial service, except in the three cases of persons who die
+excommunicated, unbaptised, or by their own hands; and I imagine that a
+clergyman would render himself liable to suspension by his bishop, who
+either allowed interments to take place in the churchyard without the
+burial service, or, on the other hand, used the service in unconsecrated or
+unlicensed ground. By the 3 Ja. I. c. 5., there is a penalty for burying a
+corpse away from the church; but this law is either repealed or obsolete.
+If any services of the church be used by a clergyman, except "according to
+order," I imagine that he renders himself liable to penal consequences; but
+it may be sometimes thought best to omit them. Sometimes, however, as in
+the case of baptisms being allowed in drawing-rooms, there is such an
+intentional oversight as is quite indefensible.
+
+The story which I have heard of Baskerville's burial is as follows;--He
+died at Birmingham, but was not interred, and his corpse was kept in the
+house in which he had lived. After a time this house was sold, and the
+purchaser of it became embarrassed by the unexpected discovery that he was
+in possession of the old printer's mortal remains. He applied to the
+clergyman of {614} the parish for release from his difficulty; and this
+gentleman, being a man of the world, said that he was the last person who
+ought to have been consulted, but since it was so, the churchyard and the
+shades of evening afforded a remedy.
+
+Perhaps it is worth adding, that when Sir W. Page Wood, the late
+Solicitor-General, would have brought a bill into parliament to relieve
+dissenters from the payment of church rates, on condition that they
+consented to forego all claim upon the services of the church, including of
+course the burial service, the bargain was declined by them.
+
+ALFRED GATTY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"QUOD NON FECERUNT BARBARI," ETC.
+
+(Vol. v., p. 559.)
+
+Your correspondent MR. BREEN is mistaken in supposing this "epigram" to
+refer to the Barberini spoliation of the Coliseum; it was an equally
+important and more sacrilegious theft that aroused Pasquin's satire and
+indignation.
+
+Urban VIII. (Matteo Barberini), 1623-44, had just stripped the dome of the
+Pantheon of the bronze that adorned it, to construct therewith the
+baldacchino over the high altar in St. Peter's. The amount of metal
+obtained, says Venuti, was upwards of 450,250 pounds weight; and upon the
+principle of robbing Peter to pay Paul, the material thus stolen from the
+Madonna was dedicated to the service of San Pietro. Bernini was the artist
+employed, from whose taste, perhaps, little better was to be expected; and
+the baldacchino, though highly ornamented, richly gilt, and of imposing
+dimensions, certainly makes the beholder regret that the metal was moved
+from its original position. It was costly enough too, upwards of 20,000l.
+having been expended upon its production.
+
+Urban evidently had a practical turn for warfare by no means unusual to the
+possessors of the "holy see," for we find that the surplusage of the metal
+was cast into cannon for the defence of St. Angelo.
+
+This pope certainly was _one_ of the most unsparing despoilers of the
+Coliseum, inasmuch as the huge pile of the Palazzo Barbarini was erected by
+him with stone supplied solely from that convenient and inexpensive quarry.
+If, however, we reflect that he did but follow the example of many of his
+predecessors (Paul II. built the Palazzo di Venezia, and Paul III. the
+Farnese, from the same exhaustless supply), and that the Coliseum was not
+only much ruined by the "barbarians" during the various sieges of Rome, but
+was used as a fortress by the Frangipani in the Middle Ages, the pasquinade
+quoted by MR. BREEN would hardly have been applicable to Urban's misdeeds
+in that quarter. Nor was the Coliseum at that time consecrated ground, as
+it was not till the year 1750 that Benedict XIV., with a view to protect it
+from future depredation, dedicated it to the memory of the Christian
+martyrs who had perished in its arena. But the Pantheon, consecrated as
+early as A.D. 608, under the name of S. Maria Rotonda, had been respected
+and spared by all, whether Arian or barb-"arian;" and it was reserved for a
+"Santo Padre" of the seventeenth century to despoil a Christian Church, and
+himself set an example of sacrilege to the Christian world. Urban was the
+sole member of the Barberini family (of Florentine extraction) that ever
+attained the papal tiara. The amount of wealth stated to have been amassed
+by him during his pontificate appears almost fabulous.
+
+The author of the pasquinade in question is, I believe, unknown.
+
+A. P.
+
+Bayswater.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+RESTIVE.
+
+(Vol. v., p. 535.)
+
+I am inclined to think that your correspondents, however deeply they may be
+versed in "Folk-Lore," are generally not much acquainted with "Horse-Lore."
+Such, at least, is the opinion that is warranted by the extraordinary
+nature of the questions (not many in number, it is true) which have been
+put in relation to that subject, and of the replies that have been given to
+them. In the case now before us, J. R. has only superficially considered
+the matter. He takes one out of many definitions "in our dictionaries," and
+on that takes his stand. He is manifestly in error. The tempting facility
+of referring all words similar in appearance to the same etymon lies at the
+root of his mistake; for _restive_, as he will find on more patient
+investigation, is by our lexicographers (Richardson, for example) classed
+under a different root from _rest_, used to express _quiescence_, or
+_repose_. _Restive_, or more properly _restiff_, is equivalent to the
+French _rétif_, or Italian _restio_; and, as applied to horses, means those
+which resist the will of their rider. Hence, whether in standing stock
+still, in running away, in rearing, in plunging, or in kicking, they employ
+their natural means of defence against the control of the cavalier, and may
+equally be called _restiff_. In support of this view, take the following
+quotation, to which others might be added. It is from Grisone, _Ordini di
+Cavalcare_, 4to., 1550:
+
+    "Se il cavallo è restio, il più delle volte procede per colpa del
+    Cavaliero, per una di questi ragioni. Overo il Cavallo è vile, e di
+    poca forza, e essendo troppo molestato si abandona e avvilisce di sorte
+    che accorando non vuole caminare avante; over è superbo, e gagliardo, e
+    dandogli fatica, egli mancandogli un poco di lena, si prevalerà con
+    salti, e con aggrupparsi, e con altre malignità, ò fara pur questo dal
+    principio che si cavalca, di maniera che se allora conoscerà chi il
+    Cavaliero lo teme, {615} prenderà tant' animo, che usando molte
+    ribalderie, si fermerà contra la volontà sua; _e di queste due Specie
+    di Restii_ [which J. R. will be pleased to _note_], la peggior è quella
+    che nasce da viltà, e da poca forza."--Folio 92, verso.
+
+Thus much for the equestrian part of the subject. With regard to the use of
+the word _restive_ by the author of the _Eclipse of Faith_, that is purely
+a matter of taste, which it is unnecessary here to discuss; but I hope that
+the foregoing opinion of one who in his day passed for the most
+accomplished horseman of Europe, will suffice to show that, in the passage
+quoted, the term is not so entirely misapplied as J. R. supposes.
+
+F. S. Q.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MEN OF KENT AND KENTISH MEN.
+
+(Vol. v., p. 321.)
+
+In your answers to Minor Queries (Vol. v., p. 321.) I find it stated, that
+the inhabitants of the part of Kent lying between Rochester and London
+being _invicti_, have ever since (the Norman Conquest) been designated as
+Men of Kent; while those to the eastward, through whose district the
+Conqueror marched unopposed, are only "Kentish Men."
+
+As I have always understood that the contrary is the case, and that the
+inhabitants of East Kent are called "Men of Kent," and those in West Kent,
+"Kentish Men"--because in East Kent the people are less intermixed with
+strangers than in West Kent, from its proximity to the metropolis--I was
+desirous of correcting what appeared to me to be a manifest error: but not
+finding any direct authority on the point, I consulted my friend Charles
+Sandys, Esq., of Canterbury, as a Kentish antiquary, on the subject. And I
+now send you a letter from that gentleman, which you are at liberty to
+print.
+
+GEO. R. CORNER.
+
+Eltham.
+
+"'MEN OF KENT,' AND 'KENTISH MEN.'
+
+"I am not aware that any professed treatise has been written or published
+upon our provincial distinction of 'Men of Kent' and 'Kentish Men.' That
+some such traditionary distinction, however, (whatever it may be) has
+existed from time immemorial in our county, cannot be disputed, and I think
+it has an undoubted and unquestionable historic origin, which I will
+endeavour briefly to illustrate.
+
+"The West Kent Men, according to the tradition, are styled 'Kentish Men;'
+whilst those of East Kent are more emphatically denominated 'Men of Kent.'
+
+"And now for my historical authorities:--
+
+"That the East Kent people were denominated from ancient time 'Men of
+Kent,' may, I think, be inferred from the ancient Saxon name of its
+metropolis, [Cant-wara-burh] [_Canterbury_], literally, 'The City of the
+Men of Kent;' the royal city and seat of government of King Ethelbert at
+the time of the arrival of St. Augustine (A.D. 597) to convert our
+idolatrous Saxon ancestors from the worship of Woden and his kindred
+deities to that of the Saviour of the world.
+
+"St. Augustine, having succeeded in his holy mission, and having been
+consecrated Archbishop of the Saxons and Angles in Britain, fixed his
+metropolitical see in the royal city of Canterbury, which had been granted
+to him by King Ethelbert on his conversion (who thereupon retired to his
+royal fortress, or Castrum, of Regulbium, _Reculver_). And in that city it
+has ever since continued for a period of more than twelve centuries.
+
+"The conversion of the Pagan inhabitants of Kent proceeded so rapidly that
+St. Augustine, with the assistance of King Ethelbert, soon founded another
+episcopal see at Rochester, and thus divided the Kentish kingdom into two
+dioceses: the eastern, or diocese of Canterbury; the western, or diocese of
+Rochester. And thus, I conceive, originated the divisions of East and West
+Kent: the men of the former retaining their ancient name of 'Men of Kent;'
+whilst those of the latter adopted that of 'Kentish Men.'
+
+"The Saxon (or Jutish) kingdom of Kent continued a separate and independent
+kingdom of the Octarchy from the time of Hengist (A.D. 455) until its
+subjugation by Offa, King of Mercia, in the eighth century, to which it
+continued tributary until King Egbert reduced all the kingdoms of the
+Octarchy under his dominion, at the commencement of the ninth century,--and
+thus became the first King of all England.
+
+"That Kent was separated at an early period into the two divisions of East
+and West Kent, may be inferred from a charter (Kemble, _Cod. Dipl._ ii.
+19.) relating to some property withheld from the church of Canterbury, and
+which is specially described as having been that "of Oswulf, duke and
+prince of the province of _East Kent_" ('dux atque princeps provinciæ
+_Orientalis Cantiæ_') c. A.D. 844.
+
+"The _Saxon Chronicle_ also confirms this view of the matter, thus:
+
+A.D. 853. "Ealhere with the 'Men of Kent' fought in _Thanet_ against the
+heathen army (Danes)."--Thanet is in _East_ Kent.
+
+A.D. 865. "The heathen army sate down in _Thanet_, and made peace with the
+'Men of Kent.' And the 'Men of Kent' promised them money for the peace."
+
+A.D. 902. ... "Battle at the _Holmes_, between the 'Kentish Men' and the
+'Danish Men.'--This, I take it, occurred in _West_ Kent.
+
+A.D. 999. "The army (Danes) went up along the Medway to _Rochester_, and
+then the '_Kentish_ forces' stoutly joined battle ... and full nigh {616}
+all the 'West Kentish men' they ruined and plundered."
+
+A.D.[11] 1009. "Then came the vast hostile army (Danes) to _Sandwich_, and
+they soon went their way to _Canterbury_; and all the people of '_East
+Kent_' made peace with the army, and gave them 3000 pounds."
+
+"Thus, I trust, I have satisfactorily shown from our ancient annals, that
+the distinction between 'Kentish Men' and 'Men of Kent,' existed at a
+period long anterior to the Norman Conquest, and is distinctly recognised
+in the foregoing historical passages. And its origin may, I think, be
+attributed to the ancient division of the Jutish kingdom of Kent into the
+two dioceses of _Canterbury_ and _Rochester_.
+
+"Our Gavelkind Tenure and free Kentish customs, of which I have attempted a
+history in my recently published _Consuetudines Kanciæ_, gave rise to our
+well-known old provincial song of 'The Man of Kent,' its burthen being:
+
+ "Of Briton's race--if one surpass,
+   'A Man of Kent' is He."
+
+CHARLES SANDYS, F.S.A.
+
+Canterbury.
+
+[Footnote 11: "A.D." corrected from "A.B."--Transcriber.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_Speculum Christianorum, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 558.).--In case no fuller
+information should be forthcoming on this tract, allow me to refer MR.
+SIMPSON to Ames's _Typographical Dictionary_, p. 113., where is an account
+of what is apparently another edition of the above, printed by William
+Machlinia, or Macklyn, about the year 1480. The title runs thus: _Incipit
+liber qui vocatur Speculum Xpristiani_. It is a short exposition of the
+common topics of divinity of that time, for the most part in Latin, but
+there is some English which is chiefly in rhyme. The first English lines
+are--
+
+ "In heauen shall dwelle alle cristen men
+  That knowe and kepe goddes byddynges ten."
+
+At the end, after--
+
+    "Explicit liber qui vocatur specul[=u] Xpr[=i]ani, Sequitur exposicio
+    oracionis dominice c[=u] quodam bono notabili et sept[=e] capitalia
+    vicia c[=u] aliquibus ramis eor[=u]."
+
+Afterwards--
+
+    "Sequuntur monita de verbis beati Ysidori extracta ad instruend[=u]
+    homin[=e] qualiter vicia valeat euitare et in bonis se debeat
+    informare."
+
+The whole concludes with this colophon:
+
+    "Jste Libellus impressus est [=i] opulentissima Ciuitate Londoniarum
+    per me Willelmum de Machlinia ad instanciam necnon expensas Henrici
+    Vrankenbergh mercatoris."
+
+The author is said to be John Watton in the Catalogue of MSS. in England
+and Ireland, C.C.C., Oxon. n. clv. p. 53.
+
+J. EASTWOOD.
+
+_Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire_ (Vol. v., p. 512.).--A querist
+writes to know where any of these may be seen.
+
+The original manuscript (three vols. folio) was given to the library of the
+College of Arms, through the hands of Sir Charles Young, by the Rev. R. W.
+Huntley of Boxwell Court, about 1835, who became possessed of it by a
+legacy from a descendant of Mr. Smyth. There is another copy in the
+"Evidence Room," at Berkeley Castle; and another in the library of Smyth
+Owen, Esq., a descendant from the author, at Condover Hall, Shropshire.
+There is another copy in the possession of the Hon. Robert Berkeley at
+Spetchley Park, Worcestershire. And an imperfect copy was sold at the sale
+at Hill Court, Gloucester, in 1846. It was bought by a bookseller for Mr.
+Pigott of Brockley; it was resold in 1849, but to whom I could never find
+out. This last is also in three vols.; two of these match in the binding,
+but the third does not: the leather of this odd vol. is thickly studded
+with the _portcullis_. The imperfection of this set consists in being
+_unfinished_ in many parts. Mr. Huntley's is considered the first copy of
+that at the castle; and that at Condover was probably Mr. Smyth's own. The
+Hill Court copy seems to be about the same date.
+
+The _Abstracts and Extracts_ of these MSS. as published by Fosbroke in
+1821, are but a tantalising meagre sample of the very rich store of
+genealogical and historical information which the originals contain.
+
+H. T. ELLACOMBE.
+
+Clyst St. George, Devon.
+
+_M. Barrière and the Quarterly Review_ (Vol. v., pp. 347. 402.).--As I see
+that J. R. (of Cork) has resumed his correspondence with "N. & Q.," I beg
+leave to call his attention to his statement, and to my inquiry under the
+above references: any one or two instances of what is stated to be "so
+frequent" a practice will suffice.
+
+C.
+
+"_I do not know what the truth may be_" (Vol. v., p. 560.).--The lines run
+thus in the _Lay of the Last Minstrel_, Canto II. 22.:
+
+ "I cannot tell how the truth may be,
+  I say the tale as 'twas said to me."
+
+J. EASTWOOD.
+
+    [J. M.--D. P. WATERS--NASO--L. X. R.--W. J. B. S.--B. R. J.--MARY, &c.,
+    have also furnished us with Replies to this Query.]
+
+_Optical Phenomena_ (Vol. v., p. 441.).--You have not yet published any
+satisfactory reply to the optical Query of N. B., at p. 441. of the present
+volume. I apprehend there is not much difficulty in finding the solution. I
+attribute the phenomenon to the refraction of light through a stratum of
+air that is more dense than the surrounding air. Every solid is coated by
+such a stratum. This is the well-known fact of _adhesion_ {617} alluded to
+by Liebig, in his _Letters on Chemistry_, 1st series [2nd edit. by Gardner,
+p. 16.]
+
+C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
+
+_Stoup_ (Vol. v., p. 560.).--In answer to the inquiry of CUTHBERT BEDE, I
+beg to inform him that an _exterior_ stoup, in excellent preservation, is
+to be found on the outer wall of the south porch of Hungerton Church,
+Leicestershire. The inquiry confirms the belief I have always entertained,
+that examples of exterior stoups are rarely met with in the ecclesiastic
+architecture of England.
+
+KT.
+
+Aylestone.
+
+_Seventh Son of a Seventh Son_ (Vol. v., p. 532.).--The note which appears
+in p. 532. has induced me to look out a rare old printed copy of "The Quack
+Doctor's Speech," which is in my possession, and which was spoken by the
+witty Lord Rochester, in character, and mounted on a stage; it is
+altogether a very humorous and lengthy address, partaking of the licence of
+language not uncommon to the courtiers of that period, abounding in much
+technical phraseology, and therefore unsuited for an introduction into your
+pages _in extenso_. The titles assumed, however, are in character with the
+pretensions claimed by virtue of being the seventh begotten son of a
+seventh begotten father; and may perhaps prove an interesting addition to
+the collection of instances recorded by your correspondent HENRY EDWARDS:
+
+     "Gentlemen,
+
+    "I, Waltho Van Clauterbauck, High German Doctor, Chymist and
+    Dentrificator--Native of Arabia Deserta, Citizen and Burgomaster of the
+    City of Brandipolis--Seventh son of a Seventh son, unborn Doctor of
+    above sixty years' experience, having studied over Galen, Hypocrates,
+    Albumazer, and Paracelsus, am now become the Æsculapius of this age.
+    Having been educated at twelve Universities, and travelled through
+    fifty-two Kingdoms, and been Counsellor to the Counsellors of several
+    grand Monarchs, natural son of the wonder working chymical Doctor
+    Signior Hanesio, lately arrived from the farthest parts of Utopia,
+    famous throughout all Asia, Europe, Africa, and America, from the Sun's
+    oriental exaltation to his occidental declination, out of mere pity to
+    my own dear self and languishing mortals, have by the earnest prayers
+    and entreaties of several Lords, Dukes, and honourable Personages been
+    at last prevailed upon to oblige the World with this Notice, &c. &c.
+
+     "Veniente occurrite morbo--Down with your dust.
+            Principiis obsta--No cure no money.
+      Querenda Pecunia Premium--Be not sick too late.
+
+    "You that are willing to render yourselves immortal, Buy this pacquet,
+    or else repair to the sign of the Pranceis, in Vico vulgo dicto
+    Ratcliffero, something south-east of Templum Dancicum, in the Square of
+    Profound Close, not far from Titter Tatter Fair; and you may hear, see,
+    and return Re-infecta."
+
+KT.
+
+Aylestone.
+
+At my father's school was a Yorkshire lad, who was to be educated
+classically, because he was intended for the medical profession. The cause
+assigned was, that "he was the seventh son of a seventh son;" and the
+seventh son of a seventh son "_maks the bigg'st o' doctors_."
+
+C. C. C.
+
+_The Number Seven_ (Vol. v., p. 533.).--MR. HENRY EDWARDS is quite right in
+his conjecture that the number _seven_, so often used in the Old and New
+Testament, is generally put to mean "several," "many," or an indefinite
+number. Hence the number seven was esteemed a sacred, symbolical, and
+mystical number. There were seven gifts of the Holy Ghost, seven days in
+the week, seven sacraments, seven branches on the candlestick of Moses,
+seven liberal arts, seven churches of Asia, seven mysterious seals, seven
+stars, seven symbolic trumpets, seven heads of the dragon, seven joys and
+seven sorrows of the blessed Virgin, seven penitential psalms, seven deadly
+sins, seven canonical hours, &c. &c.
+
+"Septenarius numerus est numerus universitatis," says J. de Voragine. See
+also, Bede, Duranti, and Rhabanus Maurus, on the mystical explanation of
+this number. A curious French MS. belonging to the latter part of the
+thirteenth century has a singular illustration of the number seven. It is a
+miniature: a wheel cut into seven rays, and composed of seven concentric
+cordons. The rays form seven compartments, divided into as many cordons,
+containing in each cordon one of the seven petitions of the Lord's Prayer,
+one of the seven sacraments, one of the seven spiritual arms of justice,
+one of the seven works of mercy, one of the seven virtues, one of the seven
+deadly sins, and one of the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost.
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_Commentators_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--The original verses are
+Young's:--
+
+ "How commentators each dark passage shun,
+  And hold their farthing candle to the sun.
+                  _The Love of Fame_, Satire vii.
+
+L. X. R.
+
+_Banning or Bayning Family_ (Vol. v., p. 536.).--This surname is traced in
+Ireland on _record_ from the time of Richard II., while the native
+annalists represent it with that Milesian prefix which old Alvary so
+ingraciously attaints--"_O datur ambiguis_." These annalists mark Patrick
+"O'Bainan" Bishop of Connor in 1152, and Gelasius "O'Banan" Bishop of
+Clogher in 1316. The records that I have alluded to spell the name
+"Bannyn," or "Banent." In 1620 Creconnaght "Bannan" was seised of lands in
+Ulster; and in the army raised for the service of King James, while in this
+country in 1689, William Bannan was a quartermaster in Colonel Nicholas
+Purcel's regiment of {618} horse. I have reason myself to know that two
+families of "Banon" still exist here.
+
+JOHN D'ALTON.
+
+Dublin.
+
+_Tortoiseshell Tom Cat_ (Vol. v., p. 465.).--I always thought the
+tortoiseshell tom cat was an animal of very rare occurrence; but I was not
+aware, until I read the Note of your correspondent W. R., that it was
+unknown in natural history. The late (and highly respected) Mr. John
+Bannister, familiarly called "Jack Bannister," wrote, more than forty years
+ago, a humorous and witty _jeu d'esprit_ on this subject: this was composed
+for his "Budget," a species of entertainment from which the late Mr.
+Matthews took the idea of his "At Home;" an entertainment exhibiting a most
+extraordinary range of talent, and must be fresh in the memory of most of
+your readers. It supposes the auctioneer, "Mr. Catseye," in the Great Room
+in "Cateaton Street," and opens thus:
+
+ "Oh! what a story the papers have been telling us
+    About a little animal of wond'rous price;
+  Who but an auctioneer would ever think of selling us,
+    For two hundred yellow-boys, a trap for mice?"
+      &c. &c.
+
+Having, humorously described the company assembled, and enlarged on the
+"beauty and rarity" of the animal, it thus concludes:
+
+ "Now louder and warmer the competition growing,
+    Politeness nearly banished in the grand _fracas_;
+  Two hundred, two hundred and thirty-three--a-going!
+    Gone! Never cat of _talents_ surely met avidly such _éclat_!
+  E'en nine or ten fine gentlemen were in the fashion caught as well,
+    As ladies in their bidding for this purring piece of tortoiseshell.
+  And the buyer bore him off in triumph, after all the fun was done,
+    And bells rang, as if Whittington had been Lord Mayor of London;
+  Mice and rats flung up their hats, to find that cats so scarce were,
+    And mouse-trap makers raised their prices cent. per cent.!"
+
+M. W. B.
+
+_A Tombstone cut by Baskerville_ (Vol. v., p. 209.).--A correspondent
+complains that on visiting Edgbaston Church he was unable to obtain a sight
+of the tombstone, which he much wished to see. Since I read his Note, I
+have met with the following, which I copy from Pye's _Modern Birmingham_,
+1819. After speaking of a monument in Handsworth Church, Birmingham, to the
+late Matthew Boulton, the writer proceeds:
+
+    "The other is a humble tombstone, remarkable as being one of the last
+    works cut by his own hand, with his name at the top of it, of that
+    celebrated typographer, Baskerville; but this, being neglected by the
+    relations of the deceased, has been mutilated, although the inscription
+    is still perfect, but so much overgrown with moss and weeds, that it
+    requires more discrimination than falls to the lot of many passing
+    travellers, to discover the situation of this neglected gem. To those
+    who are curious it will be found close to the wall, immediately under
+    the chancel window. This precious relic of that eminent man is
+    deserving of being removed at the expense of the parish, and preserved
+    with the greatest care, withinside the church.... There is only one
+    other of his cuttings known to be in existence, and that has lately
+    been removed and placed withinside the church at Edgbaston--"
+
+Which is subsequently thus described:
+
+    "There was in this churchyard a gravestone cut by the hands of the
+    celebrated typographer Baskerville, which is now removed and placed
+    withinside the church. The stone being of a flaky nature, the
+    inscription is not quite perfect, but whoever takes delight in
+    well-formed letters, may here be highly gratified; it was erected to
+    the memory of Edw. Richards, an idiot, who died 21st September, 1728,
+    with the following inscription:--
+
+     'If innocents are the favourites of heaven,
+      And God but little asks where little's given,
+      My great Creator has for me in store
+      Eternal joys; what wise man can have more?'"
+
+I am sorry I cannot just now give any further information, but hope this
+Note will be new to some of your readers, and interesting to all.
+
+ESTE.
+
+_Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 492.).--The editorial note has
+supplied the Latin parallel, but not "the origin and reason of the idea."
+This Koenig's note to Persius (I. 40.) will do:
+
+    "_Nascentur violæ_; Hoc inde videtur natum esse quod veteres tumulos
+    mortuorum sparsis floribus et corollis solebant ornate; pertinebat hoc
+    ad religionem manium, qui, ut putabatur, libationibus annuis, coronis,
+    floribus, cet. delectabantur."
+
+This is the first step. Further:
+
+    "Beatissima mortui conditio, cui _vel natura ipsa inferias agat_,
+    floribus in tumulo sponte nascentibus, videtur indicari."
+
+Lastly:
+
+    "Videtur quoque privata nonnullorum opinio fuisse, _cinerem in flores
+    mutari, idque contingere non nisi probis ac pulchris_ (_Anthol. Lat._);
+    ex fabulis heroum in flores post mortem mutatorum fortasse nata."
+
+This last, and deepest thought, is that seized on by Shakspeare and
+Tennyson. Koenig gives many parallels.
+
+A. A. D.
+
+_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. v., pp. 293. 374. 500. 547.).--The following
+rhymes (if so they can be termed) respecting the exploits of a certain
+giant named Bell, and his wonderful sorrel horse, whose leaps were each a
+mile long, are, or were a few {619} years since, prevalent in this
+neighbourhood among the inhabitants of the villages therein mentioned. The
+legend has been noticed by Peck:
+
+ "Mountsorrel he mounted at,
+  Rodely[12] he rode by,
+  Onelept[13] he leaped o'er,
+  At Birstall he burst his gall,
+  And Belgrave he was buried at."
+
+LEICESTRIENSIS.
+
+[Footnote 12: Now Rothley.]
+
+[Footnote 13: Now Wanlip.]
+
+The following I had years ago from a Buckinghamshire gentleman:
+
+ "_Tring_, _Wing_, and _Ivinghoe_,
+  Three dirty villages all in a row,
+  And never without a rogue or two.
+  Would you know the reason why?
+  _Leighton Buzzard_ is hard by."
+
+J. EASTWOOD.
+
+_Birthplace of Josephine_ (Vol. v., p. 220.).--MR. BREEN'S able and
+interesting Note seems to establish beyond dispute that Josephine was born
+in St. Lucia, and not, as is commonly supposed, in Martinique.
+
+But can MR. BREEN, or any other of your correspondents, speak to this still
+more curious Query, whether or no she had African blood in her veins? I
+heard it confidently asserted lately by a gentleman of high standing on
+this island, who has business relations with Martinique, that such was the
+case, and that either the grandmother or great-grandmother of the Empress
+was a negress slave. He had the fact, he said, on good local authority, and
+appeared satisfied in his own mind of the truth of the statement. The
+sudden and surprising elevation of her grandson gives some interest to the
+inquiry.
+
+A. KER.
+
+Antigua.
+
+_The Curse of Scotland_ (Vol. i., pp. 61. 90.; Vol. iii., pp. 22. 253. 423.
+483.).--
+
+    "There is a common expression made use of at cards, which I have never
+    heard any explanation of; I mean the nine of diamonds being commonly
+    called the Curse of Scotland.
+
+    "Looking lately over a book of heraldry I found nine diamonds, or
+    lozenges, conjoined, or, in the heraldic language, Gules, a cross of
+    lozenges, to be the arms of Packer.
+
+    "Colonel Packer appears to have been one of the persons who was on the
+    scaffold when Charles the First was beheaded, and afterwards commanded
+    in Scotland, and is recorded to have acted in his command with
+    considerable severity. It is possible that his arms might, by a very
+    easy metonymy, be called the Curse of Scotland; and the nine of
+    diamonds, at cards, being very similar in figure to them, might have
+    ever since retained the appellation."--_Gent. Mag._, vol. lvi. p. 301.
+
+    "I cannot tell whence he learns that Colonel Packer was on the scaffold
+    when King Charles was beheaded."--_Ibid._, p. 390.
+
+    "When the Duke of York (a little before his succession to the crown)
+    came to Scotland, he and his suite introduced a new game, there called
+    _Comet_, where the ninth of diamonds is an important card. The Scots
+    who were to learn the game, felt it to their cost: and from that
+    circumstance the ninth of diamonds was nicknamed the Curse of
+    Scotland."--_Ibid._, p. 538.
+
+    "The nine of diamonds is called the Curse of Scotland because it is the
+    great winning card at Comette, which was a game introduced into
+    Scotland by the French attendants of Mary of Lorraine, queen of James
+    V., to the ruin of many Scotch families."--_Ibid._, p. 968.
+
+The explanation supplied by the game of Pope Joan is doubtless the correct
+one.
+
+GOODLUCK.
+
+_Waller Family_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--Francis Waller, of Amersham, Bucks,
+grandfather of Edmund Waller the poet, by his will, dated 13th of January,
+1548-49, entails his mansion house in Beaconsfield, and other estates in
+Bucks, Herts, &c., on the child of which his wife Anne is "now pregnant,"
+with remainders to his two brothers, Thomas and Edmund, in tail, with
+divers remainders over, to Francis Waller, son of his brother Ralph Waller,
+and the heirs of his "sister Pope" and his sister Davys. The lady in
+question was of the Beaconsfield branch of the Wallers, and great aunt to
+the poet. (From the family muniments.)
+
+LAMBERT H. LARKING.
+
+"_After me the Deluge_" (Vol. iii., pp. 299. 397.).--The modern, whoever he
+may be, can only lay claim to reviving this proverb of selfishness, which
+was branded by Cicero long ago:
+
+    "Illa vox inhumana et scelerata ducitur, eorum, qui negant se recusare,
+    quò minùs, ipsis mortuis, terrarum omnium deflagratio consequatur, quod
+    vulgari quodam versu Græco [[Greek: Emou Thanontos gaia michthêtô
+    puri]] pronuntiari solet."
+
+This passage occurs in his treatise _De Finibus_, III. xix., vol. xiv. p.
+341. Valpy's edition, 1830.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+_Sun-Dial Motto_ (Vol. v., p. 499.).--Y. is informed that Hazlitt, in his
+_Sketches and Essays_, has an essay on a sun-dial, beginning with these
+words:
+
+    "_Horas non numero nisi serenas_, is the motto of a sun-dial near
+    Venice."
+
+In _La Gnomonique Pratique_ of François de Celles, 8vo., there is pretty
+long list of Latin mottos for sun-dials, but I do not find the above
+amongst them. It scarcely reads like a classical quotation.
+
+ROBERT SNOW.
+
+_Lines by Lord Palmerston_ (Vol. i., p. 382.; Vol. ii., p. 30. Vol. iii.,
+p. 28.).--In Vol. i., p. 328., INDAGATOR inquired whether there was any
+{620} authority for attributing to the late Lord Palmerston the beautiful
+lines on the loss of his lady, beginning,--
+
+ "Whoe'er like me his heart's whole treasure brings."
+
+INDAGATOR says they have been supposed to be Hawksworth's and S. S. S.
+(Vol. ii., p. 30.) that they have been also attributed to Mason. I can
+state, _from the best authority_, that they are Lord Palmerston's. My
+authority needs no extrinsic confirmation, but I may as well observe that
+INDAGATOR has himself sufficiently disposed of Hawksworth's claim, as his
+wife was still alive when the lines appeared; and the conjecture of S. S.
+S. is obviously a confusion of Lord Palmerston's lines with those of
+Mason's (whose wife died at Bristol), beginning--
+
+ "Take, holy earth, all that my soul holds dear."
+
+But another of your correspondents, A. B. (Vol. iii., p. 28.), or your
+printer, has made a mistake on this point which I cannot account for. A. B.
+says that he inquired after the author of the lines beginning--
+
+ "Stranger, whoe'er thou art that viewest this tomb;"
+
+and this statement is headed with a reference to INDAGATOR'S inquiry about
+Lord Palmerston, to which it had no reference whatsoever. I do not remember
+to have seen A. B.'s inquiry, but it assuredly has nothing to do with
+INDAGATOR'S which I have now set at rest.
+
+C.
+
+_Indian Jugglers_ (Vol. iv., p. 472.).--In looking over some former Numbers
+I find an inquiry under this head. N. will find a full account of some of
+these wonderful and apparently inexplicable performances in the _Dublin
+University Magazine_. I have not a set to refer to, but the papers appeared
+about three or four years ago.
+
+ESTE.
+
+_Sons of the Conqueror_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--I believe after all that
+Sir N. Wraxall is right. According to the old chroniclers, _three_ members
+of the Conqueror's family met their death in the New Forest.
+
+1. _Richard_, his _second son_, is said to have been killed by a stag in
+the New Forest when hunting, and to have been buried at Winchester in the
+choir of the cathedral there.
+
+2. _Henry_, youngest son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, and _grandson_ of the
+Conqueror, was accidentally slain in the New Forest.
+
+3. _William Rufus_, third son of the Conqueror, fell in a similar way and
+in the same place.
+
+J. R. W.
+
+Bristol.
+
+_Saint Wilfred's Needle_ (Vol. v., pp. 510. 573.).--A very interesting
+account of this curious crypt beneath the central tower of Ripon Cathedral
+will be found in a pamphlet published twelve years ago, entitled
+"_Sepulchri a Romanis Constructi infra Ecclesiam S. Wilfridi in civitate
+Reponensi Descriptio Auctore Gul. D. Bruce_. London 1841." A copy is in the
+library of the Society of Antiquaries, and another in the British Museum.
+
+D. W.
+
+_Frebord_ (Vol. v., p. 440.).--It may possibly assist the inquiries of your
+correspondents SPES and P. M. M. to be informed that the right of Frebord
+belongs to many estates in the midland counties. In some instances in
+Leicestershire the claim extends from the boundary hedge of one lordship to
+the extent of twenty-one feet over the land of the adjoining lordship; it
+is here understood to represent a _deer's leap_, and is said to have been
+given with the original grant of the manor, in order to secure to the lord
+a right to take the deer he happened to shoot when in the act of leaping
+from his domain into his neighbour's manor.
+
+KT.
+
+Aylestone.
+
+_Royd_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--The meaning of this word may be further
+illustrated by reference to Swiss etymology and history. The great battle
+of Naefels (April 9, 1388) is celebrated on the first Thursday of every
+April, on the spot where the fiercest part of the struggle took place.
+Mount _Ruti_, the meadow where the liberators of Switzerland met, on the
+lake of the Four Cantons, and opposite Brunner, is called the Rutli: both
+words being derived from a common root of common use in the formation of
+names in German Switzerland, _Ruten-defricher_, "to clear;" or, _Ruthen_,
+"to measure, gauge;" in short, "prepare for clearing;" whence, perhaps, our
+_Ruthyn_ and Rutland.
+
+H. P. S.
+
+_Spy Wednesday_ (Vol. v., p. 511.).--Your correspondent MR. CHADWICK is
+informed that the Wednesday in Holy Week, _i. e._ the Wednesday before
+Easter Sunday, is called _Spy Wednesday_. The term has its origin in the
+fact, that Judas made his compact with the Sanhedrim upon that day for the
+betrayal of our Blessed Saviour. See Matthew, xxvi. 3, 4, 5. 14, 15, and
+16.
+
+CEYREP.
+
+_Book of Jasher_ (Vol. v., pp. 415. 476. 524.).--Hartwell Horne, in his
+_Introduction_ (vol. ii. part ii. pp. 132-138. ed. 1839), has with much
+diligence exposed both Ilive's original forgery (1751) and the
+"unacknowledged reprint" (1829). He adds:
+
+    "There is also extant a Rabbinical Hebrew Book of Jasher printed at
+    _Venice_ in 1625, which is an explanation of the histories contained in
+    the Pentateuch and Joshua. Barlocci, in his _Biblioth. Rabbinica_,
+    states that it contains some curious but many fabulous things; and
+    particularly that this book was discovered at the time of the
+    destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in a certain place, in which an
+    old man was shut up, in whose possession a great number of Hebrew books
+    were found, and among them the Book of Jasher; which was first carried
+    into Spain, and preserved at Seville, whence finally it was taken to
+    Naples, where it was first published."--Vol. iii p. 934.
+
+{621}
+
+Is this the work published at New York in 1840? I suppose so: at least, if
+"Prof. Noah" has been reproducing the _Bristol Book of Jasher_ (1829), he
+can claim but little of the _justice and perfectness_ of his great
+namesake.
+
+A. A. D.
+
+_Stearne's (not Hearne's) Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft_ (Vol.
+v., p. 416.).--Of this tract, inquired after by MR. CLARKE, and which is
+certainly one of the most extraordinary of all the treatises on Witchcraft,
+the only copy I ever saw is the one I possess, and which I have fully
+described in the notes to Pott's _Discovery of Witches_, printed for the
+Chetham Society, p. 4. The Rev. Author was no theorist, but a thoroughly
+practical man; having been an agent in finding and bringing to justice 200
+witches in the eastern counties. He has the subject so perfectly at his
+fingers' ends, and discusses it so scientifically, that Hopkins sinks into
+insignificance by the side of him. Pity it is that such a philanthropic
+individual should have had occasion to complain: "In many places I never
+received penny as yet, nor any am like, except that I should sue!!"
+
+JAS. CROSSLEY.
+
+_Lines on Chaucer_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--The lines should be quoted:--
+
+ "Britain's first poet,
+  Famous old Chaucer,
+  Swan-like, in dying
+    Sung his last song
+  When at his heart-strings
+    Death's hand was strong."
+
+They are taken from Hymn cxxiii. of _Hymns and Anthems_, London, C. Fox,
+1841.
+
+[Gamma].
+
+_Fairlop Oak_ (Vol. v., pp. 114. 471.).--Your correspondents J. B. COLMAN
+and SHIRLEY HIBBERD will find much information relative to this oak and the
+fair in a work with the following title:
+
+    "Fairlop and its Founder, or Facts and Fun for the Forest Frolickers.
+    By a famed first Friday Fairgoer; contains Memoirs, Anecdotes, Poems,
+    Songs, &c., with the curious Will of Mr. Day, never before printed. A
+    very limited number printed. Tobham, Printed at Charles Clark's Private
+    Press. Fairlop's Friday, 1847."
+
+J. Russell Smith, 30. Soho Square, had several copies on sale some time
+back.
+
+S. WISWOULD.
+
+_Boy Bishop at Eton_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--The festival of St. Hugh,
+_Bishop_ (_Pontificis_) of Lincoln, was kept on November 17.
+
+For "Nihilensis," in the "Consuetudinarium Etonense," should be read
+"Nicolatensis," as it stands in a Compatus of Winchester College, of the
+date 1461: the Boy Bishop assuming his title on St. Nicholas' Day, Dec. 6,
+and then performing his parody of Divine Offices for the first time; St.
+Nicholas of Myra being, according to the legend, the patron of children.
+
+It is singular that, whereas, as in other foundations, the Feast of the
+Holy Innocents was appointed for the mummeries of the Boy Bishop at
+Winchester by the founder, it was forbidden at Eton and King's, although
+the statutes of the latter were borrowed almost literally from those of
+Wykeham. It would therefore appear that there was some local reason for the
+exception.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+_Plague Stones--Mr. Mompesson_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--I should be sorry that
+anything inaccurate was recorded in "N. & Q." respecting so eminently
+worthy a person as the Rev. William Mompesson, Rector of Eyam during the
+time that it was scourged by the plague in 1666, when, out of a population
+of only 330, 259 died of the disorder. Mr. M. himself did not fall a
+victim, as J. G. C. states; but his wife did, and her tomb remains to this
+day. He was, indeed, an ornament to his sacred profession. He not only
+stood by his flock in the hour of their visitation, but he obtained such an
+influence during the panic that they entirely deferred to his judgment, and
+remained, as he advised, within the village. He preached to them on Sundays
+in the open air from a sort of natural pulpit in the rock, now called
+Cucklet Church; and he established the water troughs, or _plague stones_,
+into which the people dropped their money, in payment for the victuals that
+were brought to them from the surrounding country. When in reward for his
+devotedness the Deanery of Lincoln was offered him, he generously declined
+it in favour of his friend Dr. Fuller, author of the _Worthies of England_,
+who thus obtained the appointment. Mr. Mompesson was subsequently presented
+to the living of Eakring in Notts, where he died in 1708.
+
+There has recently been discovered on the moor near Fullwood, by Sheffield,
+a chalybeate spring, which flows into a small covered recess formed of
+ashlar stone, and this stands just as it did when the wretched inhabitants
+of Eyam, believing the water to have sanatory virtues, came to drink of it,
+until a watch was placed on the spot by the Sheffield people, and they were
+driven back to their infected homes.
+
+ALFRED GATTY.
+
+_Raleigh's Ring_ (Vol. v., p. 538.).--Sir Walter Raleigh's ring, which he
+wore at the time of his execution, is, I believe, in the possession of
+Capt. Edward James Blanckley, of the 6th Foot, now serving at the Cape of
+Good Hope. It is an heirloom in the Blanckley family, of which Captain
+Blanckley is the senior representative, who are directly descended from Sir
+Walter, and have in their possession several interesting relics of their
+great ancestor, viz. a curious tea-pot, and a state paper box of iron gilt
+and red velvet.
+
+A DESCENDANT OF SIR WALTER'S.
+
+{622}
+
+_Pandecte, an entire Copy of the Bible_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--Your
+correspondent C. H. has noticed this word; I send you a short account of
+the Irish MSS. in the Bodleian Library, which I laid some time ago before
+the Royal Irish Academy, and which is printed in their _Proceedings_, vol.
+v. p. 162. I have there noticed a curious work by Oengus Cele De, or Oengus
+the Culdee, a writer of the eighth century, in which the word _Pandecte_
+(or, as the Irish scribe spells it, _Pantecte_) is used in the same sense
+as that in which Alcuin employs it, for the _Bibliotheca_, or Bible of St.
+Jerome.
+
+I have marked the passage, pp. 9, 10. of the enclosed paper, which if you
+think it worth while you may insert. But perhaps it may be enough to refer
+your readers to the above-mentioned volume of the _Proceedings of the Royal
+Irish Academy_.
+
+JAS. H. TODD.
+
+Trin. Coll. Dublin.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
+
+If among the writers of the present day there is one whose opinion with
+regard to Robin Hood and the cycle of ballads of which that renowned outlaw
+is the hero would be looked for with anxiety and received with respect, it
+is the Rev. Joseph Hunter, a gentleman in whom are happily combined that
+thorough historical and antiquarian knowledge, and that sound poetic taste
+which are required to do justice to so interesting a theme. The
+announcement, therefore, that the fourth of Mr. Hunter's _Critical and
+Historical Tracts_ is entitled _The Great Hero of the Ancient Minstrelsy of
+England, Robin Hood_. _His Period, real Character, &c., investigated, and
+perhaps ascertained_, will be received with welcome by all who rejoice
+"that the world was very guilty of such ballads some three ages since," and
+who, loving them and their hero, would fain know something of the history
+on which they are founded. Mr. Hunter dissents, and we think rightly, from
+two popular and recent theories upon the subject,--the one, that which
+elevates Robin Hood into the chief of a small body of Saxons impatient of
+their subjection to the Norman rule; the other, that which reduces him to
+one among the "personages of the early mythology of the Teutonic people."
+Mr. Hunter, on the other hand, _identifies_ him with one "Robyn Hood" who
+entered the service of Edward II. a little before Christmas 1323, and
+continued therein somewhat less than a twelvemonth:
+
+ "Alas then said good Robyn,
+    Alas and well a woo,
+  If I dwele longer with the kynge
+    Sorowe wyll me sloo:"
+
+and the evidence which he adduces in favour of our popular hero having been
+one of the _Contrariantes_ of the reign of the Second Edward; and the
+coincidences which he points out between the minstrel testimony of the
+_Little Geste_ and the testimony of records of different kinds and lying in
+different places, will, we are sure, be read with great interest even by
+those who may not think that our author has quite succeeded in unmasking
+the "Junius" of those olden times.
+
+_Richmondshire, its Ancient Lords and Edifices: a Concise Guide to the
+Localities of Interest to the Tourist and Antiquary; with short Notes of
+Memorable Men_, by W. Hylton Longstaffe, is a pleasant, chatty, and amusing
+guide to a beautiful locality, which the author describes as "the capital
+of a land whose riches of romance are scarcely exceeded by any other in
+England, the chosen seat of its own Earls, the Scropes, Fitzhughs,
+Marmions; and those setters up and pullers down of kings, the richest,
+noblest, and most prudent race of the North, the lordly Nevilles:" and
+which as such may well tempt the tourist and antiquary to visit it during
+the coming autumn. Those who do will find Mr. Longstaffe's little volume a
+pleasant companion.
+
+BOOKS RECEIVED.--The second volume of Charlotte A. Eaton's _Rome in the
+Nineteenth Century, containing, a Complete Account of the Ruins of the
+Ancient City, the Remains of the Middle Ages, and the Monuments of Modern
+Times_, which completes this lady's excellent guide to the Eternal
+City.--The second volume of Miss Thomasina Ross's well-executed translation
+of Humboldt's _Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of
+America during the Years 1799-1804_, is the new volume of Bohn's
+_Scientific Library_.--_The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to
+the Constitution and Course of Nature; to which are added Two Brief
+Dissertations; on Personal Identity, and on the Nature of Virtue; and
+Fifteen Sermons_, by Joseph Butler, D.C.L., _late Lord Bishop of
+Durham_.--The new volume of Bohn's _Standard Library_ is deserving of
+especial mention. It is a reprint of Bishop Halifax's Standard Edition,
+with the addition of Analytical Introductions, and Notes by a Member of the
+University of Oxford; and we have no doubt will be found a really useful
+_popular_ edition, such as may allure to the careful study of one of the
+best works in our language those minds which, without such help, might
+shrink from the task.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+MAHON'S ENGLAND, 4 Vols.
+
+SCOTT'S LADY OF THE LAKE.
+
+---- LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL.
+
+---- MARMION.
+
+    The original 4to. editions in boards.
+
+FLANAGAN ON THE ROUND TOWERS OF IRELAND. 4to. 1843.
+
+A NARRATIVE OF THE PROCEEDINGS IN THE DOUGLAS CAUSE. London, Griffin. 8vo.
+1767.
+
+CLARE'S POEMS. Fcap. 8vo. Last edition.
+
+MALLET'S ELVIRA.
+
+MAGNA CHARTA; a Sermon at the Funeral of Lady Farewell, by George Newton.
+London, 1661.
+
+CHAUCER'S POEMS. Vol. I. Aldine Edition.
+
+BIBLIA SACRA, Vulg. Edit., cum Commentar. Menochii. Alost and Ghent, 1826.
+Vol. I.
+
+BARANTE, DUCS DE BOURGOGNE. Vols. I. and II. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd Edit. Paris.
+Ladvocat, 1825.
+
+BIOGRAPHIA AMERICANA, by a Gentleman of Philadelphia.
+
+POTGIESERI DE CONDITIONE SERVORUM APUD GERMANOS. 8vo. Col. Agrip.
+
+THE COMEDIES OF SHADWELL may be had on application to the Publisher of "N.
+& Q."
+
+*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{623}
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Optical Phenomenon_--_The Number Seven_--_Exterior
+Stoup (several)_--_Etymology of Fetch and Haberdasher_--_Passage in "As You
+Like It"_--_The Name Charing_--_Etymology of Camarthen_--_Venit ad
+Euphratem_--_Mexican Literature_--_Surname of Devil_--_Family Likenesses,
+&c._--_Toad Eater_--_Lines on the Crawford Family_--_Algernon
+Sydney_--_Monody on Death of Sir John Moore_--_Flanagan on the Round
+Towers_--_Use of Slings by Early Britons_--_Giving the Sack_--_How the
+ancient Irish crowned their Kings_--_Papal Seal_--_Plague
+Stones_--_Wicliffe, &c._--_Mother Carey's Chickens_--_Cranes in
+Storms_--_Unicorns, &c._
+
+J. SMYTH (Dublin). _The line referred to_--
+
+ "_Fine_ by degrees, and beautifully less,"
+
+_is from Prior's_ Henry and Emma. _See, for further illustration of it_,
+"N. & Q.," No. 69., p. 154.
+
+L. H. I. T. _will find much illustration of the oft-quoted passage from
+Sterne, "God tempers the wind," in our_ 1st Vol., pp. 211. 236. 325. 357.
+418.
+
+W. Cl._'s Query respecting a remarkable experiment in our next._
+
+LINES ON ENGLISH HISTORY. _We have forwarded to_ AN ENGLISH MOTHER one _of
+the copies so kindly sent by_ E. C. _One we retain for our own use. The
+lines forwarded by_ SEWARG _are very generally known: not so those inquired
+by_ MÆRIS, _beginning_
+
+ "William and William, and Henry and Stephen,
+  And Henry the Second, to make the first even;"
+
+_and of which we should be very glad to receive a copy._
+
+B. B. _We shall be very glad to see the_ Iter _to which our Correspondent
+refers._
+
+H. P. S., _who inquires for the author of_
+
+ "Tempora mutantur," &c.,
+
+_is referred to our_ 1st Vol., pp. 234. 419.
+
+S. S. S. _Richard II. inherited the White Hart as a badge from his mother
+Joan, the Fair Maid of Kent. The Red Rose was the badge of Henry IV._
+
+SIRNAMES. _We have forwarded the curious list sent us by_ A.C.M., _and the
+Notes by_ MISS BOCKETT _and_ E. H. A., _to_ MR. LOWER.
+
+ERRATA.--Page 477. col. 1. l. 43. and 46. for "Marco_n_cies," read
+"Marco_u_cies;" l. 51., for "Montag_n_" read "Montag_u_;" col. 2 l. 1., for
+"Robert_i_" read "Robert_o_."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY,
+
+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
+
+   _Directors._
+  H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq.
+  William Cabell, Esq.
+  T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.
+  G. Henry Drew, Esq.
+  William Evans, Esq.
+  William Freeman, Esq.
+  F. Fuller, Esq.
+  J. Henry Goodhart, Esq.
+  T. Grissell, Esq.
+  James Hunt, Esq.
+  J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq.
+  E. Lucas, Esq.
+  James Lys Seager, Esq.
+  J. Basley White, Esq.
+  Joseph Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+   _Trustees._
+  W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.;
+  L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.;
+  George Drew, Esq.
+
+_Consulting Counsel._--Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P.
+
+_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.
+
+_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.
+
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+
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+
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+
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+
+ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.
+
+Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions,
+INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING
+SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in
+the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a
+Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR
+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
+Parliament Street, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., OPERATIVE CHEMISTS, 289. STRAND,
+manufacture all the PURE chemicals used in this art; also Apparatus for the
+Glass, Paper, and Daguerreotype Processes. Achromatic Lens and Camera from
+35s. Instruction in the art.
+
+Agents for "Archer's Iodised Collodion and Improved Camera," which obviates
+the necessity for a dark room.
+
+Electrotyping in all its branches.
+
+Chemical Cabinets for experimental and analytical purposes. Apparatus for
+gold assaying, and instruction therein.
+
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+
+
+CIGARS OF THE CHOICEST IMPORTATIONS at GREATLY REDUCED PRICES for CASH. The
+First Class Brands. "Ptarga," "Flor Cabana," &c., 28s. per pound. British
+Cigars from 8s. 6d. per pound. Lord Byron's, 14s. 6d., very fine flavour.
+Genuine Latakia, 10s. 6d. per pound, delicious aroma. Every Description of
+Eastern and American Tobaccos. Meerschaum Pipes, Cigar Cases, Stems, Porte
+Monnaies, &c. &c. of the finest qualities, considerably under the Trade
+Prices.
+
+J. F. VARLEY & CO., Importers.
+
+The HAVANNAH STORES, 364. Oxford Street, opposite the Princess's Theatre.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+MOURNING.--COURT, FAMILY, and COMPLIMENTARY.--The Proprietor of THE LONDON
+GENERAL MOURNING WAREHOUSE begs respectfully to remind families whose
+bereavements compel them to adopt Mourning Attire, that every article of
+the very best description, requisite for a complete outfit of Mourning, may
+be had at this Establishment at a moment's notice.
+
+ESTIMATES FOR SERVANTS' MOURNING, affording a great saving to families, are
+furnished; whilst the habitual attendance of experienced assistants
+(including dressmakers and milliners), enables them to suggest or supply
+every necessary for the occasion, and suited to any grade or condition of
+the community. WIDOWS' AND FAMILY MOURNING is always kept made up, and a
+note, descriptive of the Mourning required, will insure its being sent
+forthwith, either in Town or into the Country, and on the most Reasonable
+Terms.
+
+W. C. JAY, 247-249. Regent Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUEENWOOD COLLEGE, NEAR STOCKBRIDGE, HANTS.
+
+_Principal_--GEORGE EDMONDSON.
+
+_Natural Philosophy._--Dr. John Tyndall, F.R.S., Foreign Member of the
+Physical Society, Berlin.
+
+_Chemistry._--Dr. H. Debus, late Assistant in the Laboratory of Professor
+Bunsen, and Chemical Lecturer in the University of Marburg.
+
+_Classics and History._--Mr. Henry Phelan, T. C. D.
+
+_Modern Languages and Foreign Literature._--Mr. John Haas, from M. de
+Fellenberg's Institution, Hofwyl, Switzerland.
+
+_Geodesy._--Mr. Richard P. Wright.
+
+_Painting and Drawing._--Mr. Richard P. Wright.
+
+_English and Elementary Mathematics._--Mr. Henry Taylor, late Pupil of M.
+de Fellenberg.
+
+_Music._--Mr. Cornwall.
+
+_Farm Superintendent._--Mr. Richard Davis--Farm, 800 acres.
+
+TERMS.
+
+  For Pupils under 12 years of age       40l. per ann.
+        "    from 12 to 16               50      "
+        "    above 16                    60      "
+
+For further information see Prospectuses, to be had of the Principal.
+
+The Second Session of 1852 commences on the 29th of July.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Miss Agnes Strickland's
+
+NEW SERIES OF
+
+ROYAL FEMALE BIOGRAPHIES.
+
+LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH PRINCESSES CONNECTED WITH THE
+REGAL SUCCESSION, in 6 vols., post 8vo., with Portraits and Historical
+Vignettes, uniform with "Lives of the Queens of England," by the same
+Author. Vols. I. and II. are published, price 10s. 6d. each, containing--
+
+MARGARET TUDOR, Queen of James IV.
+
+MAGDALENE OF FRANCE, First Queen of James V.
+
+MARY of LORRAINE, second Queen of James V., and Mother of Mary Queen of
+Scots.
+
+MARGARET DOUGLAS, Countess of Lennox, and Mother of Darnley.
+
+VOL. III. will contain the Life of MARY QUEEN of SCOTS.
+
+    "Every step in Scotland is historical; the shades of the dead arise on
+    every side; the very rocks breathe. Miss Strickland's talents as a
+    writer, and turn of mind as an individual, in a peculiar manner fit her
+    for painting a historical gallery of the most illustrious or dignified
+    female characters in that land of chivalry and song."--_Blackwood's
+    Magazine._
+
+  WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS,
+  Edinburgh and London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+This day is published, price 8s., in post 8vo. cloth gilt, with numerous
+engravings,
+
+THE CELT, THE ROMAN, and THE SAXON. A History of the early Inhabitants of
+Britain down to the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity.
+Illustrated by the Ancient Remains brought to light by recent Research. By
+THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A.
+
+  ARTHUR HALL, VIRTUE, & CO.,
+  25. Paternoster Row.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TO BOOK BUYERS.
+
+Just published, Gratis and Post Free on application,
+
+THE EXETER BOOK CIRCULAR: being a Catalogue of Second-hand Books of all
+Classes; comprising Theology, Classics, History, Biography, Voyages, and
+Travels, &c. in good condition, and warranted perfect, now offered for sale
+by ADAM HOLDEN, Exeter.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{624}
+
+8vo., price 12s.
+
+A MANUAL OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, from the First to the Twelfth Century
+inclusive. By the Rev. E. S. FOULKES, M.A., fellow and Tutor of Jesus
+College, Oxford.
+
+The main plan of the work has been borrowed from Spanheim, a learned,
+though certainly not unbiassed, writer of the seventeenth century; the
+matter compiled from Spondanus and Spanheim, Mosheim and Fleury, Gieseler
+and Döllinger, and others, who have been used too often to be specified,
+unless when reference to them appeared desirable for the benefit of the
+reader. Yet I believe I have never once trusted to them on a point
+involving controversy, without examining their authorities. The one object
+that I have had before me has been to condense facts, without either
+garbling or omitting any that should be noticed in a work like the present,
+and to give a fair and impartial view of the whole state of the
+case.--_Preface._
+
+    "An epitomist of Church History has a task of no ordinary greatness....
+    He must combine the rich faculties of condensation and analysis, of
+    judgment in the selection of materials, and calmness in the expression
+    of opinions, with that most excellent gift of faith, so especially
+    precious to Church historians, which implies a love for the Catholic
+    cause, a reverence for its saintly champions, an abhorrence of the
+    misdeeds which have defiled it, and a confidence that its 'truth is
+    great, and will prevail.'
+
+    "And among other qualifications which may justly be attributed to the
+    author of the work before us, this last and highest is particularly
+    observable. He writes in a spirit of manly faith, and is not afraid of
+    facing 'the horrors and uncertainties,' which, to use his own words,
+    are to be found in Church history."--_From the Scottish Ecclesiastical
+    Journal, May, 1852._
+
+JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE HISTORY of the PAINTERS OF ALL NATIONS. Now ready, the First Part of a
+Magnificent Work in Quarto, under the above title, printed on the best
+paper, and produced in the most perfect style of Typography, containing THE
+LIFE OF MURILLO, with a Portrait, and Eight Specimens of his choicest
+Works, including the "Conception of the Virgin," lately purchased by the
+French Government for the sum of 23,440l. This beautiful Work, to the
+preparation of which many years have already been devoted, will comprise
+the "Lives of the Greatest Masters" of the Flemish, Dutch, Italian,
+Spanish, English, French and German Schools, with their Portraits, and
+Specimens of their most Celebrated Works, from Drawings and Engravings by
+the first Artists of England and France. The Editorship of the Work has
+been confided to MR. M. DIGBY WYATT, Author of "The Industrial Arts of the
+Nineteenth Century," &c. &c., whose deep study of the Fine Arts, as well as
+of the connexion which should exist between their culture and industrial
+progress, will enable him to confer a utilitarian value upon the Work by a
+judicious arrangement of the whole, and the supply of Original Notes and
+Contributions.
+
+The Parts will appear on the First of every Month, at 2s. each; and will be
+supplied through every Bookseller in Town and Country.
+
+JOHN CASSELL, Ludgate Hill, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+In crown 8vo. with Woodcuts, price 14s. cloth,
+
+THE GREAT EXHIBITION and LONDON in 1851 review by DR. LARDNER, &c.
+
+    "An instructive and varied memento of the Great
+    Exhibition."--_Spectator._
+
+    "Dr. Lardner's book is not so much a detailed account of the objects
+    exhibited, or all the facts concerning that remarkable display, as
+    essays on several branches of art illustrated by objects that were in
+    the Exhibition. His work will be long valuable as a record of the
+    progress of knowledge. It has much scientific accuracy without its
+    harshness."--_Economist._
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+THE TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY.
+
+On Wednesday, June 30, will be published, in 16mo. price 1s.
+
+THE NATURAL HISTORY of CREATION. By T. LINDLEY KEMP, M.D., Author of
+"Agricultural Physiology," &c.
+
+Also, on the same day, in 16mo., price 1s.,
+
+BRITTANY and the BIBLE: With remarks on the French People and their
+Affairs. By I. HOPE.
+
+*** The above works will form the 23d and 24th Parts of THE TRAVELLER'S
+LIBRARY.
+
+Just published in this Series,
+
+Mrs. JAMESON'S SKETCHES in CANADA and RAMBLES among the RED MEN. Price 2s.
+6d.; or in Two Parts, 1s. each.
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NEW EDITION, CORRECTED TO 1852.
+
+Just published, in 1 vol. 8vo. with woodcuts, price 3l. cloth; or 3l. 5s.
+half-bound in Russia, with flexible back.
+
+BRANDE'S DICTIONARY of SCIENCE, LITERATURE, and ART: Second Edition,
+corrected; with a Supplement, containing numerous Additions, together with
+the chief Scientific Terms, Processes, and Improvements that have come into
+general use since the Publication of the First Edition.
+
+*** The Supplement may be had separately, price 3s. 6d.
+
+    "Professor BRANDE'S valuable DICTIONARY has reached a Second Edition;
+    and is rendered still more valuable by a Supplement, which extends the
+    original 1,343 pages to nearly a hundred more, in which some of the
+    latest discoveries are very fully treated of. We may cite, for
+    instance, the accounts given of the screw propelling power and the
+    tubular bridges."--_Examiner._
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+In 1 vol., medium 8vo., price 14s. cloth,
+
+DR. ROGET'S THESAURUS of ENGLISH WORDS and PHRASES Classified and Arranged
+as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and assist in Literary
+Composition.
+
+    "There cannot be the slightest doubt that, upon the whole, it is one of
+    the most learned as well as one of the most admirable contributions
+    that have been made to philology in this country since the 'Hermes' of
+    Harris, and the 'Diversions of Purley' by Horne Tooke."--_Observer._
+
+    "Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus' will be found a most useful supplement to our
+    ordinary English dictionaries. Its value will be most recognised by
+    those who are best acquainted with the language, and best practised in
+    its use. The mere arrangement of the groups of words, unaccompanied by
+    definitions, suggests often various ideas associated with the different
+    expressions. In such practical operation as translation from a foreign
+    language, the utility of such a Thesaurus is obvious."--_Literary
+    Gazette._
+
+    "The man who in writing cannot find the fit word to express a thought,
+    may, if it please him, take down Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus,' look for the
+    class containing any word of similar idea, and there he will find a
+    miscellaneous collection, as complete as the compiler could make it, of
+    words and phrases from which he may employ his tact to pick the
+    syllables that suit him best.... The practical employer of the book
+    will be directed to the object of his search by a full Synopsis of
+    Categories at the beginning, or a very ample alphabetical index of
+    words placed at the end, occupying 170 three-columned pages. The
+    philosophic student of the English language may undoubtedly pick up
+    many ideas from the grouping of our words and vulgarisms here
+    attempted, and attempted with a great deal of success."--_Examiner._
+
+London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BOOK PLATES.--Heraldic Queries answered; Family Arms found, and every
+information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2s. 6d.; Painting ditto, 5s.; Book
+Plate Crest, 5s.; Arms, &c. from 20s.; Crest on Card Plate, and One Hundred
+Cards, 8s.; Queries answered for 1s. Saxon, Mediæval, and Modern Style Book
+Plates. The best Authorities and MS. Books of thirty-five years' practice
+consulted. Heraldic Stamps for Linen or Books, with reversed Cyphers and
+Crests. Apply, if by letter, enclosing stamps or post-office order, to
+JAMES FRISWELL (Son-in-law to J. Rumley, publisher of "The Crest Book,"
+"Heraldic Illustrations"), Heraldic Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, Holborn.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Foolscap 8vo. price 6s.
+
+THE PRACTICAL WORKING of THE CHURCH OF SPAIN. By the Rev. FREDERICK
+MEYRICK, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford.
+
+    "Pleasant meadows, happy peasants, all holy monks, all holy priests,
+    holy every body. Such charity and such unity, when every man was a
+    Catholic. I once believed in this Utopia myself but when tested by
+    stern facts, it all melts away like dream."--_A. Welby Pugin._
+
+    "The revelations made by such writers as Mr. Meyrick in Spain and Mr.
+    Gladstone in Italy, have at least vindicated for the Church of England
+    a providential and morally defined position, mission, and purpose in
+    the Catholic Church."--_Morning Chronicle._
+
+    "Two valuable works ... to the truthfulness of which we are glad to add
+    our own testimony: one, and the most important, is Mr. Meyrick's
+    'Practical Working of the Church of Spain.' This is the experience--and
+    it is the experience of every Spanish traveller--of a thoughtful
+    person, as to the lamentable results of unchecked Romanism. Here is the
+    solid substantial fact. Spain is divided between ultra-infidelity and
+    what is so closely akin to actual idolatry, that it can only be
+    controversially, not practically, distinguished from it: and over all
+    hangs a lurid cloud of systematic immorality, simply frightful to
+    contemplate. We can offer a direct, and even personal, testimony to all
+    that Mr. Meyrick has to say."--_Christian Remembrancer._
+
+    "I wish to recommend it strongly."--_T. K. Arnold's Theological
+    Critic._
+
+    "Many passing travellers have thrown more or less light upon the state
+    of Romanism and Christianity in Spain, according to their objects and
+    opportunities; but we suspect these 'workings' are the fullest, the
+    most natural, and the most trustworthy, of anything that has appeared
+    upon the subject since the time of Blanco White's
+    Confessions."--_Spectator._
+
+    "This honest exposition of the practical working of Romanism in Spain,
+    of its everyday effects, not its canons and theories, deserves the
+    careful study of all, who, unable to test the question abroad, are
+    dazzled by the distant mirage with which the Vatican mocks many a
+    yearning soul that thirsts after water-brooks pure and
+    full."--_Literary Gazette._
+
+JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Black-letter Rarities and other Curious Books. Four Days' Sale.
+
+PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by
+AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on THURSDAY, July 1, and
+three following days, a Portion of the EARLY-PRINTED ENGLISH BOOKS from the
+LIBRARY of a well-known COLLECTOR, removing from Islington; among them many
+of considerable rarity, some interesting and highly curious English
+Poetical and other Manuscripts of early date, some Autograph Papers and
+Miscellaneous Collections, formerly in the Libraries of the Rev. Joseph
+Ames, F.S.A., the Rev. John Lewis, F.S.A., and Sir Peter Thompson, F.S.A.,
+F.R.S.; also many Interesting and Rare Works relating to America and the
+Indies, &c.
+
+Catalogues will be sent on application (if in the Country, on receipt of
+six postage stamps).
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+    Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5.
+    New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London;
+    and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish
+    of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No.
+    186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 26, 1852.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 139, June
+26, 1852, by Various
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42780 ***