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diff --git a/42780-0.txt b/42780-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ad426f --- /dev/null +++ b/42780-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3050 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42780 *** + +Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they +are listed at the end of the text. + + * * * * * + + +{601} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +Vol. V.--No. 139.] +SATURDAY, JUNE 26. 1852 +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Popular Stories of the English Peasantry, No. V., by + T. Sternberg 601 + + Dr. Thomas Morell's Copy of H. Stephens' Edition of + Æschylus, 1557, with MSS. Notes, by Richard Hooper 604 + + On a Passage in the "Merchant of Venice," Act III. Sc. 2., + by S. W. Singer 605 + + Episode of the French Revolution, by Philip S. King 605 + + Milton indebted to Tacitus, by Thomas H. Gill 606 + + Minor Notes:--Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics"-- + Misappropriated Quotation--The God Arciacon--Gat-tothed-- + Goujere--The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines--Vellum-bound + Books 606 + + QUERIES:-- + + Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury 608 + + Bronze Medals, by John J. A. Boase 608 + + Acworth Queries 608 + + Minor Queries:--"Row the boat, Norman"--The Hereditary + Standard Bearer--Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars; + May-butter; English Guzman--Radish Feast--What Kind of + Drink is Whit?--"Felix natu," &c.--"Gutta cavat + lapidem"--Punch and Judy--Sir John Darnall--The Chevalier + St. George--Declaration of 2000 Clergymen--MS. "De + Humilitate"--MS. Work on Seals--Sir George Carew--Docking + Horses' Tails--St. Albans, William, Abbot of--Jeremy + Taylor on Friendship--Colonel or Major-General Lee-- + "Roses and all that's fair adorn" 609 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Donne--Dr. Evans 611 + + REPLIES:-- + + Carling Sunday; Roman Funeral Pile 611 + + Hart and Mohun 612 + + Burial without Religious Service--Burial, by Alfred Gatty 613 + + "Quod non fecerunt Barbari," &c. 614 + + Restive 614 + + Men of Kent and Kentish Men, by George R. Corner 615 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--Speculum Christianorum, &c.-- + Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire--M. Barrière + and the Quarterly Review--"I do not know what the truth + may be"--Optical Phenomena--Stoup--Seventh Son of a + Seventh Son--The Number Seven--Commentators--Banning + or Bayning Family--Tortoiseshell Tom Cat--A Tombstone + cut by Baskerville--Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c.--Rhymes + on Places--Birthplace of Josephine--The Curse of + Scotland--Waller Family--"After me the Deluge"--Sun-Dial + Motto--Lines by Lord Palmerston--Indian Jugglers--Sons + of the Conqueror--Saint Wilfrid's Needle--Frebord-- + Royd--Spy Wednesday--Book of Jasher--Stearne's + Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft--Lines on + Chaucer--Fairlop Oak--Boy Bishop at Eton--Plague Stones; + Mr. Mompesson--Raleigh's Ring--Pandecte, an entire Copy + of the Bible 616 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, &c. 622 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 622 + + Notices to Correspondents 623 + + Advertisements 623 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +POPULAR STORIES OF THE ENGLISH PEASANTRY, + +NO. V. + +By far the larger portion of our tales consist of those connected with the +popular mythology of elves, and giants, and bleeding trees; of witches and +their wicked doings; of frogs that _would_ go a-wooing, and got turned into +princes; and amorous princes who became frogs; of primitive rough chests +transformed into coaches; young ladies who go to bed young ladies, and get +up owls; much despised younger sons crowned kings of boundless realms; and +mediæval tabbies getting inducted into flourishing vizierships by the mere +loss of their tails: stories, in short, of the metamorphosis of all +conceivable things into all conceivable shapes. Lest this catalogue should +frighten your readers, I at once disavow any intention of reflecting more +than a specimen. Their puerility renders them scarcely suitable to your +columns, and there is moreover such a sameness in those best worth +preserving--the fairy legends--that a single example would be amply +sufficient for our purpose of pointing out the different varieties of oral +romance. Whenever the story relates to the dealings of the fairy-folk with +mankind, the elf is almost always represented as the dupe; while, in his +transactions with rival supernaturals, he invariably comes off victorious. +Giants especially, being always of sleepy and obtuse intellect, afford a +fine field for the display of his powers; and we find him baffling their +clumsy plans, as well also as the more cunning devices of weird-sisters, in +a manner which proves him to be a worthy scion of the warlike _avenger_ of +the Sagar. The lovers of folk-lore will probably agree with me in regarding +the following tale as a choice bit of elfin history, illustrating the not +very amicable relations of the witches and the good people. No sneers, +therefore, gentle readers, but listen to the simple strain of "Fairy Jip +and Witch One-eye." + +Once upon a time, just before the monkey tribe gave up the nauseous custom +of chewing tobacco, there lived an old hag, who had conceived an inordinate +desire to eat an elf: a circumstance, by the way, which indubitably +establishes that elves were {602} of masticable solidity, and not, as some +one has it, mere + + "_Shadowry_ dancers by the summer streams." + +So the old lady went to the place where the fairies dwelt, and knocked at +the hill-top:--"Pretty little Jip!" said she; "come and see the sack of +cherries I have brought thee, _so_ large, _so_ red, _so_ sweet." Fairies, +be it known, are extremely fond of this fruit, and the elf rushed out in +eager haste. "Ha! ha!" said One-eye, as she pounced upon him, and put him +in her bag (witches always carry bags), "take care the stones don't stick +in thy throttle, my little bird." On the way home, she has to visit a place +some distance from the road, and left Jip meanwhile in the charge of a man +who was cutting faggots. No sooner was her back turned, than Jip begged the +man to let him out; and they filled the bag with thorns. One-eye called for +her burden, and set off towards home, making sure she had her dinner safe +on her back. "Ay, ay! my lad," said she, as she felt the pricking of the +thorns; "I'll trounce thee when I get home for stinging me with thy pins +and needles." When she reached her house, she belaboured the bag with a +huge stick, till she thought she had broken every bone in the elf's body; +and when she found that she had been wasting her strength upon a "kit" of +thorns, her rage knew no bounds. Next day, she again got possession of Jip +in a similar manner, and this time left him in care of a man who was +breaking stones by the road-side. The elf makes his escape as before, and +they fill the sack with stones. "Thou little rogue!" said the witch, as she +perspired under the burden; "I'll soften thy bones nigh-hand." Her appetite +was only whetted, not blunted, by these repeated failures, and despairing +of again catching her prey in the same way as before, she assumed the shape +of a pedlar with a churn on his shoulder, and contrived to meet Jip in a +wood. "Ah! Master Redcap," quoth she; "look alive, my little man, the fox +is after thee. See! here he comes: hie thee into my churn, and I will +shelter thee. Quick! quick!" In jumped the elf. "Pretty bird!" chuckled the +old Crocodile; "dost thee scent the fox?" This time she went straight home, +and gave Jip to her daughter, with strict orders that she should cut off +his noddle and boil it. When the time came for beginning the cooking, Miss +One-eye led her captive to the chopping-block, and bade him lay down his +head. "How?" quoth Jip; "I don't know how." "Like this, to be sure," said +she; and, suiting the action to the word, she put her poll in the right +position. Instantly the fairy seizes the hatchet, and serves her in the +manner she intended to serve him. Then picking up a huge pebble, he climbs +up the chimney to watch the progress of events. As he expected, the witch +came to the fire to look after her delicacy; and no sooner does she lift up +the lid of the pot, than "plop" came down Jip's pebble right into the +centre of her remaining optic, the light of which is extinguished for ever; +or, according to some versions, killed her _stone_-dead.[1] + +Some of the stories are so extremely like the German ones, that, with very +slight alterations, they would serve as translations. These, for obvious +reasons, it will not be worth while to trouble you with. Among them, I may +particularise the following from the _Kinder und Hausmärchen_:--Hans im +Gluck: Der Frieder und das Catherlieschen; Von der Frau Füchsin; and Van +den Nachandel-Boom. + +Modern tales of diablerie are not so uncommon as might be expected. In the +time of Chaucer, the popular belief ascribed the departure of the elves to +the great number of wandering friars who mercilessly pursued them with +bell, book, and candle; and at the present day, in the opinion of our +uneducated peasantry, the itinerant sectarian preachers are endowed with +similar attributes. The stories told of these men, and their encounters +with the powers of darkness, would fill a new Golden Legend. There is one +tale in particular which comes within our designation of "popular stories," +as is well known in almost all parts of England,--How a godly minister +falls over the company of wicked scoffing elves, and how he gets out.[2] +The last time I heard it, it was related of a preacher of the Ranting +persuasion, well known some dozen years ago in a certain district of +Warwickshire; and I prefer to give it in this localised form, as it enables +me to present your readers with "Positively the last from Fairyland." + +Providence B---- was a well-known man throughout that whole country-side. +He had made more converts than all his brethren put together, and, in the +matter of spirits and demons, would stand a comparison with Godred or +Gutlac, or, by'r Lady, St. Anthony himself. Now it fell out one day, that +Providence was sent for to the house of a wealthy yeoman to aid in +expelling an evil spirit which had long infested his daughter. I must here +remark, _en parenthèse_, that scenes of this fearfully ludicrous nature are +far from unfrequent in our country districts. The besotted state of +ignorance in which a great portion of our rural population are still +enwrapt, renders them peculiarly open to the fleecing of these fanatics, +who, marvellous to relate, are almost everywhere {603} looked upon with +respect, and treated with the greatest consideration, proving incontestably +that, + + "Mad as Christians used to be + About the seventeenth century, + There's others to be had + In this the nineteenth just as bad." + +On this occasion the job proved a tough one, and it was not till a late +hour that Prov. set off on his road home. It was a pitchy dark night, and +somehow or other the preacher and his nag contrived to lose their way among +the green lanes, and it was not till they had floundered about for some +time that our hero discerned (as is usual in such cases) a light gleaming +through the thick foliage before him, which he incontinently discovers to +proceed from a solitary dwelling in the middle of the woods. _Of course_ he +dismounts, and knocks at the door; and _of course_ it was opened by a +suspicious-looking old woman in toggery which it would do Mr. James's heart +good to depict. To his request for a night's lodging, she yielded a ready +assent--too ready, Prov. thought; for it seemed from her manner as though +he had been expected. He was shown into a bed-room, and was proceeding to +divest himself of his garments, when he hears a knock at the door, and a +voice asked him to come down to supper. Prov. made answer that he didn't +want any, that he was in bed, and that moreover he was engaged at his +devotions; but presently the messenger returned, and declared that if he +did not join the company downstairs, they would come and sup with him. Poor +Prov. quaked with fright, but thought it politic to cloak his fears, so +followed the servant to the house-room, where there were a number of people +sitting round a table plentifully laden with good things. All of them were +little "shrivelled up" old men; and, as the chairman motioned Prov. to a +vacant seat, they all regarded him with a stare that made him feel the +reverse of jolly. Although he is well acquainted with the neighbourhood, he +recognises none of them. The meal proceeded in solemn silence: look which +way he would, he encounters the gaze of his companions, who appear to scowl +at him with an expression of fiendish hate. Dreadful surmises flit across +his brain. Suddenly his attention becomes directed to the posterior portion +of the gentleman next him. "By Jove! he has a tail. Yes, he has; and so has +his neighbour, and so have they all." He fancies too he can trace a +resemblance between the individual who sits at the head of the table and +the fiend of the morning's exorcism. All is now clear as a pike-staff. It +is a decided case of trepan. That dark fellow on the right has to complain +of a forcible ejection from a comfortable dwelling in the portly corpus of +Master Muggins the miller; and he on the left is the identical demon who +got into Farmer Nelson's cow, and gave our hero a world of trouble to get +him out. He is in the power of the incubi, whom he has been so long warring +against. Not a moment is to be lost, for already they are whispering +together, and the scowls get fiercer and fiercer. What is to be done? A +monk would have had recourse to his breviary; Prov. thought of his +hymn-book. "Brethren," says he, "it is usual wi' us at the heend of a feast +to ax a blessing." + +"A blessing quotha! and to _us_?" roared the fiends. "Ha! ha! Yea! yea!" +said Prov.; and _instanter_ he out with that _spirit-stirring_ stanza of +"immortal John:" + + "Jesus the name, high over all, + In hell, or earth, or sky, + Angels and men before Him fall, + And devils fear and fly!" + +Who shall depict the scene while these words were being uttered? The old +men turn all sorts of colours, from green to blue, and blue to green, and +back again to their original hue. At the last line, the uproar becomes +terrible; and, amidst shouts of fiendish wailing, the whole company resolve +themselves into a thin blue smoke, in which state they career up the +chimney, taking with them a bran new chimney-pot, and leaving behind a most +offensive odour of lucifer matches. Prov. saw no more; he fainted. + + * * * * * + +Some scandalous fellows spread abroad a report that the morning's sun +discovered our valiant vessel snugly ensconced in a dry ditch; but as he +always denounced strong waters, and was moreover a leading member of the +Steeple "United Totals," I, for one, do not believe it. From the examples +already given, I trust your readers will think with me that these old world +relics are worth preserving. I hope they will not be backward in the good +work. A few more years, and the scheme of an English work on the plan of +Grimm's will be impracticable. The romance-lore, both oral and written, +which erewhile delighted the cottager, is growing out of date. The prosy +narrative of "How John the serving-man wedded an earl's daughter, and +became a squire of high degree;" and the less placid, but still intolerably +dull feats of the "Seven Champions," have no charms for him now. He has +outgrown the old chap-book literature, and affectionates the highly +seasoned atrocities of the Old Bailey school; which, to the disgrace of the +legislature, are allowed to poison the minds of our labouring community +with their weekly broad-sheets of crime and obscenity. Even those prime old +favourites, the _Robin Hood Garland_ and _Shepherd's Kalendar_, with its +quaint letter-press and grim woodcuts, are getting out of fashion, and +beginning to be missed from their accustomed nook beside the family Bible. + +T. STERNBERG. + +{604} + +P.S. Owing to some unaccountable inadvertence, I have only just seen the +number of "N.& Q." containing the highly interesting communications of H. +B. C. and MR. STEPHENS. Will MR. STEPHENS allow me to ask him where he +procured his tale, for I agree with H. B. C. that it is "desirable to fix +the localities as nearly as possible." My version came from the +Gloucestershire side of the county. + +[Footnote 1: This story is from Northamptonshire, and by some oversight was +omitted in my _Dialect and Folk-Lore_.] + +[Footnote 2: I use the term _elves_ advisedly; for though, of course, the +creed of _rantism_ does not recognise the existence of the mere poetic +beings, yet it absolutely inculcates belief in all sorts of _bona fide_ +corporeal demons: which, like the club-footed gentry of the saintly +hermits, are nothing more than Teutonic _elfen_ in ecclesiastical +masquerade.] + + * * * * * + +DR. THOMAS MORELL'S COPY OF H. STEPHENS' EDIT. OF ÆSCHYLUS, 1557, WITH MSS. +NOTES. + +As your valuable paper is in the hands of scholars of every description in +every part of the world, the following communication may meet the eye, and +be of no slight interest to some of your classical readers, and, at the +same time, give a stimulus to hunters at bookstalls. Some time since, in +one of my hunts, I stumbled upon a very fine copy of Pet. Victorine's +(Vettori) edition of Æschylus, printed by H. Stephens, 1557. I was much +gratified in finding it had belonged to the celebrated Thomas Morell, D.D., +F.R.S., F.S.A., the lexicographer, and had his book-plate and autograph. +The margins were filled with many conjectures and emendations written in +two very ancient hands, and, besides, some MSS. Scholia on the _Prometheus_ +and _Poesæ_. In carefully examining them I found many were marked with the +letters (A) and (P). I remembered the present very learned Bishop of +London, in the preface to his edition of the _Choæphoræ_, mentioned the +vast assistance he had received in editing that play from a copy of this +very edition of Æschylus (H. Stephens, 1557), lent to him by Mr. Mitford, +the margins of which were similarly marked. The bishop observes these +emendations were by Auratus and Portus, two learned French scholars; and +that Mr. Mitford's volume contained several other emendations without the +signatures (A) and (P), which he, for distinction's sake, marked (Q). Now +my copy also possessed these readings marked (Q). The bishop further +observed, that the writer of the MSS. notes was a cotemporary of Casaubon's +from a remark at p. 14. of the volume. The learned bishop's description of +the volume will be found in the _Museum Criticum_, vol. ii. p. 488. I at +first imagined I had met with this identical volume; but a closer +examination proved I was mistaken, as my copy, besides all those carefully +noted by Dr. Blomfield, contained many other emendations, but had _not_ the +note at p. 14. of the _Prometheus_. Whoever was the copier or writer of the +marginal MSS. in my volume, was evidently a Frenchman, as some of the notes +are in French. The handwriting is very ancient and contracted, and has the +appearance of being of the early portion of the seventeenth century. The +most interesting part, however, of the story still remains. Dr. Thomas +Morell edited the _Prometheus_, 4to., 1773. The title is as follows: +_Æschyli P. V. cum Stanl. Versione et Scholiis, [alpha], [beta], (et +[gamma] ineditis), &c._ Now these Scholia [gamma], which he professes to +give for the first time, I found to be those in the very ancient hand in +the margin of my volume. He frequently also gives the various marginal +readings, and styles them "Marg. MS." Moreover he occasionally adopts these +notes without any acknowledgment, especially where they throw any light on +the text. The volume then is of great curiosity and value. From a curious +note at the end of the _Prometheus_, Morell takes nine iambic lines, to +which is affixed "Ad Calcem Dramatis MS. Regii." From this it would seem +the Scholia were taken from a MS. in the Royal Library at Paris. + +We may observe then as a remarkable circumstance, that while Bishop +Blomfield was describing the copy belonging to Mr. Mitford, a similar copy, +with more notes, and of equal antiquity as to the MSS. emendations, was in +existence, and had once been in the possession of, and of much assistance +to the great Dr. Morell. Where Morell got this volume, and how he should +not have acknowledged the aid he derived from it, is a mystery. As I +mentioned before, the handwriting is far prior to Morell's day. The volume +is rendered still more interesting by its having many of Stanley's +emendations, about which such a controversy arose from the observations +made by Blomfield in his preface to the _Agamemnon_. And I am almost +induced to think it might originally have belonged to Stanley, who made a +similar use of it to what Morell did. Many of the emendations are _still +inedited_. This valuable volume, therefore, is of great interest, (1) from +the vast number of MSS. readings, and (2) from its having been formerly in +the possession of Dr. Morell, and the circumstances above mentioned. It is +a very large and clean copy of the now scarce edition of H. Stephens; and +your bibliographical readers will be astonished to hear I purchased it for +_one shilling_! I may mention I showed it to the Bishop of London and Dr. +Wordsworth, Canon of Westminster, who were both interested with it. The +latter showed me in return several volumes of MSS. collections for a new +edition of Æschylus, made by his lamented brother the late Mr. John +Wordsworth, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, perhaps the profoundest +Greek scholar next to Porson the University of Cambridge ever possessed, +and who so ably reviewed Professor Scholefield's Æschylus in the +_Philological Museum_. The classical world can never sufficiently regret +that death prevented us from receiving at his hands a first-rate edition of +this noble poet, as he had been at much pains in travelling all over the +Continent, and examining all the MSS. extant; and from his known partiality +to the author, and {605} vast learning, would doubtless have done ample +justice to his task. + +RICHARD HOOPER. + +St. Stephen's, Westminster. + + * * * * * + +ON A PASSAGE IN THE "MERCHANT OF VENICE," ACT III. SC. 2. + +The passage in which I am about to propose some verbal corrections has +already been in part examined by your correspondent A. E. B. in p. 483. of +this volume; but the points, except one, to which I advert, have not been +touched by that gentleman. The first folio reads thus: + + "Thus ornament is but the _guiled_ shore + To a most dangerous sea, the beauteous scarfe + Vailing an Indian _beautie_; In a word, + The seeming truth which cunning times put on + To intrap the wisest. Therefore then, thou gaudie gold, + Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee, + Nor none of thee, thou _pale_ and common drudge + Tweene man and man; but thou, thou meager lead, + Which rather threatnest than doth promise ought, + Thy palenesse moves me more than eloquence, + And here choose I, joy be the consequence." + +The word _guiled_ in the first line is printed _guilded_ in the second +folio, the form in which _gilded_ appears often in the old copies. I have +no doubt that this is the true reading, and it would obviate the difficulty +of supposing that Shakspeare wrote guil_ed_ for guil_ing_. + +In Henry Peacham's _Minerva Britanna_, 1612, p. 207., of _deceitful_ "court +favour" it is said: + + "She beares about a holy-water brush, + Wherewith her bountie round about she throwes + Fair promises, good wordes, and gallant showes: + Herewith a knot of _guilded_ hookes she beares," &c. + +Notwithstanding your correspondent's ingenious argument to show that +_beautie_ in the third line may be the true reading, I cannot but think +that it is a mistake of the compositor caught from _beauteous_ in the +preceding line; and that _gypsie_ was the word used by the poet, who thus +designates Cleopatra. The words in their old form might well be confused. +For "thou _pale_ and common drudge," in the seventh line, I unhesitatingly +read "thou _stale_ and common drudge;" and, by so doing, avoid the +repetition of the same epithet to silver and lead. It is evident that the +epithet applied to silver should be a depreciating one; while _paleness_ is +said to _move more than eloquence_. The following passage in _King Henry +IV._, Part I. Act III. Sc. 2. confirms this reading: + + "So _common_ hackney'd in the eyes of men, + So _stale_ and cheap." + +To obviate the repetition, Warburton altered _paleness_ to _plainness_, but +_paleness_ was the appropriate epithet for lead. Thus, Baret has, +"_Palenesse or wannesse_ like lead. Ternissure." + +And in _Romeo and Juliet_, Act II. Sc. 5., we have: + + "Unwieldly, slow, heavy and _pale as lead_." + +With these simple and, most of them, obvious corrections, I submit the +passage to the impartial consideration of those who with me think that our +immortal poet, so consummate a master of English, has been here, as +elsewhere, rendered obscure, if not absurd, by the blunders of the printer. +It will then run thus: + + "Thus ornament is but the _gilded_ shore + To a most dangerous sea: the beauteous scarf + Veiling an Indian _gipsy_; in a word, + The seeming truth which cunning times put on + To entrap the wisest. Therefore, thou gaudy gold + Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee: + Nor none of thee, thou _stale_ and common drudge + 'Tween man and man: but thou, thou meagre lead, + Which rather threat'nest than doth promise aught, + Thy paleness moves me more than eloquence, + And here choose I; joy be the consequence!" + +I may just observe, that in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act II. Sc. 2., the +quarto copies have printed _pale_ for _stale_, which is corrected in the +folio. + +S. W. SINGER. + + * * * * * + +EPISODE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. + +_Mademoiselle de Sombreuil and the Glass of Blood._ + + "... In the Abbaye, Sombreuil, the venerable Governor of the Invalides, + was brought up to the table, and Maillard had pronounced the words 'à + la Force,' when the Governor's daughter, likewise a prisoner, rushed + through pikes and sabres, clasped her old father in her arms so tightly + that none could separate her from him, and made such piteous cries and + prayers that some were touched. She vowed that her father was no + aristocrat, that she herself hated aristocrats. But to put her to a + further proof, or to indulge their bestial caprices, the ruffians + presented to her a cup full of blood, and said 'Drink! drink of the + blood of the aristocrats, and your father shall be saved!' The lady + took the horrible cup, and drank and the monsters kept their promise." + +Thus, in relating the massacres of September, writes the author of Knight's +_Pictorial Hist. of Engl._ (Reign of Geo. III., vol. iii. p. 160.); and +thus tradition has handed down to us this most horrible episode of the +first French revolution; one which made so deep an impression on my own +mind, that the scene was always uppermost whenever the atrocities committed +during that eventful period of French history were under consideration. +This impression, I am glad to say, has now been removed by M. Granier de +Cassagnac, who (_Histoire du Directoire_) states that the tradition is not +founded on fact; and as it is the first denial of the event which has come +under my notice, I send you the substance of the evidence which M. de +Cassagnac brings forward in support of his statement:-- {606} + +1. The Marquise de Fausse-Lendry, in her work, _Quelques-uns des Fruits +amers de la Révolution_, does not make any allusion to the fact, although +she was in the same chamber with Mlle. de Sombreuil, and relates her heroic +devotion to her father. + +2. Peltier, who was in Paris at the time, and published his _Histoire de la +Révolution du 10 Août_ early in 1793, does not say a word as to the +occurrence. + +3. The report of Piette, which was drawn up in Mlle. de Sombreuil's favour, +and from details supplied by herself, is completely silent on the matter. + +4. Being arrested with her father, and her younger brother, Mlle. de +Sombreuil was taken to the Prison de la Bourbe on the 31st of December, +1793. One of the prisoners thus notices the event in his journal: + + "Du 11 Nivôse, an II. + + "L'on amena aussi a famille Sombreuil, le père, le fils, et la fille: + tout le monde sait que cette courageuse citoyenne se précipita, dans + les journées du mois de Septembre, entre son père et le fer des + assassins, et parvint à l'arracher de leurs mains. Depuis, sa tendresse + n'avait fait que s'accroître, et il n'est sorte de soins qu'elle ne + prodiguât à son père, malgré les horribles convulsions qui la + tourmentaient tous les mois, pendant trois jours, depuis cette + lamentable époque. Quand elle parut au salon, tous les yeux se fixèrent + sur elle et se remplirent de larmes."--_Tableau des Prisons de Paris + sous Robespierre_, p. 93. + +Here again, not a word about the glass of blood, although the narrative was +written at no very distant period from the occurrences of September. + +Maton de la Varennes, in his _Hist. particulière des Evènemens_, written +subsequent to the events of Fructidor, year V., is enthusiastic in his +praise of Mlle. de S.'s devotion; but says not a word as to the horrible +sacrifice by which she is represented to have purchased her father's life. + +The tradition is found for the first time in print in a note to Legouvé's +_Mérite des Femmes_, which appeared in 1801; and the subject has been +consecrated by the pen of the exiled poet Victor Hugo, in an ode to Mlle. +de Sombreuil. Since then M. Thiers, without further looking into the +matter, has given place to it in his _Hist. de la Révolut. Française_: + +Victor Hugo's lines are the following:-- + + "S'élançant au travers des armes: + --Mes amis, respectez ses jours! + --Crois-tu nous fléchir par tes larmes? + --Oh! je vous bénirai toujours! + C'est sa fille qui vous implore; + Rendez-le moi; qu'il vive encore! + --Vois-tu le fer déjà levé; + Crains d'irriter notre colère; + Et si tu veux sauver ton père, + Bois ce sang....--Mon père est sauvé!" + +The subsequent history of this unfortunate family was this. M. de Sombreuil +and his youngest son perished on the scaffold, the 10th June, 1794. The +elder brother, Charles de Sombreuil, was shot at Vannes in June, 1795, +after the Quiberon expedition. Leaving prison and France, after the 9th +Thermidor, Mlle. de S. married an emigrant, the Comte de Villelume, who, +under the Restoration, became governor of the Invalides at Avignon, at +which place she died in 1823. + +PHILIP S. KING. + + * * * * * + +MILTON INDEBTED TO TACITUS. + +There is perhaps nothing in "Lycidas" which has so commended itself to the +memory and lips of men, as that exquisite strain of tender regret and +pathetic despondency in which occur the lines-- + + "Fame is the spur which the clear spirit doth raise + (That last infirmity of noble mind) + To scorn delights, and live laborious days." + +It is with no desire to impair our admiration of these noble lines that I +would ask, if that graceful glorifying of Fame as "the last infirmity of +noble minds" was not suggested by the profound remark of Tacitus, in his +character of the stoical republican, Helvidius Priscus (_Hist._, l. iv. c. +6.): + + "Erant, quibus appetentior famæ videretur, quando etiam sapientibus + cupido gloriæ novissima exuitur." + +The great Englishman has condensed and intensified the expression of the +concise and earnest Roman. This is one of those delightful obligations +which repay themselves: Milton has more than returned the favour of the +borrowed thought by lending it a heightened expression. + +THOMAS H. GILL. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics."_--Some of your correspondents +having expressed a wish that the MS. remarks of eminent scholars, when met +with by your readers, might be communicated to the world through your +pages, I beg to send you the following observations, signed _J. Warton_, +which I have found on the blank leaf of a copy of Aristotle's _Poetics_ +(edit. of Ruddimannos, Edinb. 1731):-- + + "To attempt to understand poetry without having diligently digested + this treatise, would be as absurd and impossible as to pretend to a + skill in geometry without having studied Euclid. The fourteenth, + fifteenth, and sixteenth chapters, wherein he has pointed out the + properest methods of exciting terror and pity, convince us that he was + intimately acquainted with those objects which most forcibly affect the + heart. The prime excellence of this precious treatise is the scholastic + precision and philosophical clearness with which the subject is + handled, without any address to {607} the passions or imagination. It + is to be lamented that the part of the Poeticks in which he has given + precepts for comedy did not likewise descend to posterity." + +A considerable number of notes, in the same handwriting, are also in the +volume. + +J. M. + +Oxford. + +_Misappropriated Quotation._--I have heard the following passage of Lord +Bacon's, Essay VIII., and by a Cambridge D.D. too, so far as the word +"fortune," attributed to Paley: + + "He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune, for + they are impediments to great enterprises. The best works of the + greatest merit for the public have proceeded from unmarried and + childless men." + +B. B. + +_The God Arciacon._--In a _Descriptive Account of the Antiquities in the +Grounds and in the Museum of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society_, drawn up +by the learned Curator of the antiquities, at page 20. I find the following +inscription and explanation:-- + + "N. III. An altar recently discovered in the rubble foundation, under + one of the pillars of the church of St. Dionis, Walmgate, York. It is + inscribed: + + DEO + ARCIACON + ET N. AVG. SI + MAT. VITALIS + ORD V. S. LM. + + Which may be read thus: DEO Arciacon et Numini Augusti Simatius Vitalis + Ordovix Votum solvit libens merito, _i.e._ To the God Arciacon and to + the Divinity of Augustus, Simatius Vitalis, one of the Ordovices, + discharges his vow willingly, deservedly--namely, by dedicating this + altar. There is nothing in this inscription to indicate its date, or + the Emperor to whose divinity, in part, the altar is dedicated. The god + Arciacon, whose name occurs in no other inscription, was probably one + of those local deities to whom the Roman legions were so prone to pay + religious reverence, especially if in the attributes ascribed to them + they bore any resemblance to the gods of their own country. If the + reading and interpretation of ORD be right, Vitalis was a Briton; and + Arciacon may have been a deity acknowledged by the Ordovices, who + occupied the northern parts of Wales." + +In the name ARCIACON I fancy that I see in a Latinized form the British +words ARCH IACHAWR, _i.e._ the Supreme Healer. _Arch_ has the same meaning +in Welsh as it has in the English and several other languages. In +combination it is shortened to _Ar_, as in Yr Arglwdd Dduw, the Lord God. +My conjecture is, that the Britons may have worshipped a God whose +attributes resembled those of the Æsculapius of the Greeks. I hope that +some of the contributors to "N. & Q." will be so kind as to give some +information on this subject. + +[Inverted hand symbol] + +_Gat-tothed._--I do not know whether this mysterious word in the +description of the "Wife of Bath[3]," has been satisfactorily explained +since the time of Tyrwhitt; but perhaps the following passage may suggest a +new reading in addition to "cat-tothed" and "gap-tothed," which he gives in +his note on _Canterbury Tales_, p. 470.: + + "The Doctor deriveth his pedigree from Grono ap Heylyn, who descended + from Brocknel Skythrac, one of the princes of Powis-land, in whose + family was ever observed that one of them had a _gag_-tooth, and the + same was a notable omen of good fortune."--Barnard's _Life of Heylyn_, + p. 75., reprinted in _Heyl. Hist. Ref._ Eccl. Hist. Soc., 1. xxxii. + +Query, What was a _gag-tooth_? The "Wife" herself says, + + "Gat-tothed I was, and that became my wele, + I hold the print of Seinte Venus sele."--6185-6. + +J. C. R. + +[Footnote 3: "Bath" corrected from "Both"--Transcriber.] + +_Goujere._--The usage of this word by Shakspeare (in the Second Part of +_Henry IV._) is another proof that he took refuge in Cornwall, when he fled +from the scene of his deerstalking danger. The _Goujere_ is the old Cornish +name of the Fiend, or the Devil; and is still in use among the folk words +of the West. + +C. E. H. MORWENSTOW. + +_The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines._--In looking over the Registers of the +Parish of Laneham, Notts, last April, I discovered on one of the leaves the +Commandments with the above title. It is signed "Richard Christian, 1689:" +he was vicar at that time. + + "Have thou no other Gods Butt me. + Unto no Image bow thy knee + Take not the name of God in vain + Doe not thy Sabboth day profaine + Honour thy ffather and Mother too + And see y^t thou no murder doo + ffrom vile Adultry keep the cleane + And Steale not tho thy state be meane + Bear no ffalse Witness, shun y^t Blott + What is thy neighbour's Couet not. + + Whrite these thy Laws Lord in my heart + And Lett me not from them depart." + +S. WISWOULD. + +_Vellum-bound Books._--In a list of thirty books printed for T. Carnan and +F. Newbery, and issued in 1773, I find the phrase _two volumes bound in one +in the vellum manner_ in seven instances; also, _four volumes bound in two +in the vellum manner_; and, _six volumes bound in three in the vellum +manner_. In other cases we have only the word _bound_ or _sewed_. I have a +suspicion that the phrase _in the vellum manner_ may have some obsolete +meaning; and submit this note to the consideration of those who are in +search of a _vellum-bound Junius_. + +BOLTON CORNEY. + +{608} + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +THOMAS GILL, THE BLIND MAN OF ST. EDMUNDSBURY. + +Putting in order this morning a mass of pamphlets, which my women-kind +threaten to sweep into the kitchen unless more _tidily_ kept, I came upon a +few poetical tracts by "Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury." Not +having had any previous acquaintance with this poetical moralist, I have +looked over the lot; but beyond the above description of himself upon their +titles, they afford little information regarding their author. + +There is, however, proof, in _The Blind Man's Case at London_, 1711, that +Gill was a character in his day. In what he loftily calls "The Argument" to +these eight pages of doggrel, he says: + + "The Blind Man of Bury by the Persuasions of his Printer, and some + other supposed Friends, takes his Wife with him to London, with an + Intention to settle there, where they met with so many Inconveniences, + and so great Difficulties and Charges, as soon disgusted them with the + Place." + +Hereupon the blind man, finding himself disappointed in his expectations +of, apparently, a larger sphere for his begging operations, opens out upon +the metropolis in a fine round style of abuse in his "Letter to his Good +Friend and Benefactor at Bury." + +Desirous that my successor in the O---- library should have the advantage +of all the information I can collect, in regard to the bibliographical +curiosities therein contained, I am induced to avail myself of the medium +your pages afford to inquire whether any of your Suffolk antiquaries can +give me, or point out where I can help myself to, any particulars touching +my new friend with an old face. + +J. O. + + * * * * * + +BRONZE MEDALS. + +Having applied in vain to several distinguished numismatists respecting +certain bronze medals in my cabinet, which have baffled my own researches, +I now beg to seek for information through the medium of "N. & Q.," to which +I have been already much indebted; and have little doubt but that among +your many intelligent correspondents some one will be found to solve my +difficulties. + +The medals to which I refer, and which I will describe very briefly, are +the following; and I am desirous of obtaining some account of the persons +in whose honour they were struck:-- + +1. _Astalia._ Size (Mionnet's scale), 16. "Diva Julia Astalia." Bust to the +left. Rev. "Unicum for. et pud. Exemplum." A phoenix rising from its ashes. +Probably not later than the early part of the sixteenth century. + +2. _Conestagius._ Size, 15½. "Hieronimus Conestagius, MDXC." Bust in armour +to the right, with ruff round the neck. Beneath, "MART. S***." Rev. A pen +and a sword in saltire. An oval in high relief, of Italian workmanship. + +3. _Meratus._ Size, 13½. "Franciscus Meratus I.P.F." Bearded bust to the +right. Rev. "Me Duce Tutus Eris." A figure seated holding a book in its +right hand. Query the meaning of the initials after the name? + +4. _Aragonia._ Size, 13. "D. Maria Aragonia." Bust to the right, with a +crown falling from her head. Rev. None. + +5. _Hanna._ Size, 18. "Martinus de Hanna." Bust in a gown, to the right. +Rev. "Spes mea in Deo est." A full-length figure, with hands clasped and +raised towards heaven: apparently a foreign Protestant divine. + +6. _Corsi._ Size, 20. "Laura Corsi March. Salviati." Hooded bust to the +left, with crucifix suspended from the neck. Beneath, "MDCCVIII." Rev. +"Mens immota manet." Full-length female figure, with helmet on her head, +leaning on a spear round which a serpent is twined, with a stag by her +side. In the background, on one side, is represented a castle on a wooded +height; on the other, a vessel is seen labouring in a storm. A striking +medal; and the lady's portrait makes one feel interested to learn her +history, which seemingly ought to be known: but I must confess my ignorance +even whether the Marquisate of Salviati be in Italy or Sicily. + +JOHN J. A. BOASE. + +P.S.--John de Silvâ, Count de Portalegre, who accompanied Don Sebastian in +his expedition to Africa against Muley Moloch, published at Genoa in 1585 a +work entitled _Dell' Unione del Regno di Portogallo alla Corona di +Castiglia_, under the name of _Conestaggio_; but not having the book by me, +I do not know whether the Christian name "Geronimo" also appears. + + [The remainder of the title-page reads, "Istoria Del Sig. Ieronimo De + Franchi Conestaggio Gentilhuomo Genovese."] + + * * * * * + +ACWORTH QUERIES. + +In the church of St. Mary Luton, Beds, there is a brass slab bearing the +figures of a knight and his two wives, with the following inscription: + + "Pray for the soules of John Acworth Squyer and Alys and Amy his wyfes, + which John deceased the xvij day of March the yer of our Lord + M'v^cxiij. On whose souls Jhu have mercy." + +For arms, he bore quarterly, 1st and 4th, erm. on a chief indented gu. 3 +coronets or. 2nd and 3rd, or, between 3 roses a chev. gu. + +In the reign of Henry VIII. there was one Johan Acworth (a lady of the +bedchamber to Katherine Howard), who married Sir John Bulmer, and went to +reside at York. + +John Acworth was, I believe, succeeded by his son, George Acworth, who +married Margaret, the {609} daughter of -- Wilborefoss, of Durham, Esquire, +and had issue a daughter, Johan Acworth. This Johan Acworth married Sir +Edward Waldegrave, the youngest son of George Waldegrave, of Smalbridge, +Essex, Esq. I do not know if George Acworth had any other issue. + +In 1560 there was a George Acworth who was public orator of Cambridge. He +was formerly of Peterhouse, and took his D.C.L. at St. John's, Oxon. He was +in his early days the friend and companion of Archbishop Parker. In 1576, +he was appointed Master of the Faculties, Judge of the Prer. Court of +Ireland. He is said to have died in Ireland, but where or when I do not +know. + +There was another of the name, Allin Acworth, formerly of Magdalen Hall, +Oxon, and Vicar of St. Nicholas, Rochester, Kent. He was a sufferer by the +Act of Uniformity, having been, in consequence of that Act, expelled his +vicarage in 1666. Of his subsequent history I find no trace. + +If any of your correspondents can give me any information relative to any +of the above, their descent, or intermarriages, I shall be much obliged. + +The name is, I believe, an uncommon one, and is only borne, as far as I can +learn, by one family now in existence. There was, however, another family +of the name formerly belonging to Suffolk, who bore for arms: Sa. a griffin +segreant armed and langued or. But I cannot find any trace of their +residence, &c., or when they flourished or became extinct. + +I believe there was a Baron of the name in the reign of one of the early +Henries, but unfortunately can discover no certain information about him. + +The above particulars are wanted for genealogical purposes. + +G. B. A. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +"_Row the boat, Norman._"--In the _Chronicles of England_ collected by John +Stow, and printed in 1580, is the following passage:-- + + "1454. John Norman, Draper, Maior. Before thys time the Maiors, + Aldermen, and Commoners of the Citie of London were wonte all to ride + to Westminster when the Maior should take hys charge, but this Maior + was rowed thyther by water; for the whiche the watermen made of hym a + song, 'Rowe the boate, Norman,' &c." + +Are any of your correspondents in possession of the words of this song? or +is the tune to which it was sung known? + +T. G. H. + +_The Hereditary Standard Bearer._--In Crawford's _Peerage of Scotland_ it +is mentioned, that in the year 1107 Alexander I., by a special grant, +appointed a member of the Carron family (to whom he gave the name of +Scrimgeour, for his valour in a _sharp fight_) the office of Hereditary +Standard Bearer. Can you inform me how the Scrimgeours were deprived of +this honour? The family is not extinct, and yet I see the Hereditary Royal +Standard Bearer is now a Wedderburne, and the Earl of Lauderdale is also +Hereditary Standard Bearer. There surely must have been injustice committed +some time to cause such confusion. When and how did it take place? + +T. G. H. + +_Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars; May-butter; English Guzman._--In Walton's +_Complete Angler_, in the beginning of the discourse between Piscator and +Venator, the former, expatiating on the antiquity of the art of angling, +gives as one of the traditions of its origin, that Seth, one of the sons of +Adam, + + "Left it engraven on those pillars which he erected, and trusted to + preserve the knowledge of the mathematics, music, and the rest of that + precious knowledge, and those useful arts which, by God's appointment + or allowance, and his noble industry, were thereby preserved from + perishing in Noah's flood." + +What is the tradition of Seth's Pillars? + +Piscator in chap. v. says: + + "But I promise to tell you more of the fly-fishing for a trout, which I + may have time enough to do, for you see it rains May-butter." + +What is May-butter, or the origin of the saying? + +In the amusing contest between the gypsies related in the same chapter, +these worthies were too wise to go to law about the residuary shilling, and +did therefore choose their choice friends Rook and Shark, and our late +English Guzman, to be their arbitrators and umpires. + +What is the explanation of these names? There appears to be some natural +consequence to this choice, for the decision seems to have been arrived at +by the act of reference. The notes explain that by "our English Guzman"[4] +was intended one James, a noted thief. I suppose his prototype was Don +Guzman D'Alfarache; but no interpretation of the passage is given. Would it +be found to have reference to some passage in the book referred to in the +note? + +ANON. + +[Footnote 4: [Sir Harris Nicolas says: "The allusion is to a work which had +appeared three years before: _The English Gusman; or, the History of that +unparalleled Thief, James Hind_, written by G. F. [George Fidge] 4to., +London, 1652. Hind appears to have been the greatest thief of his age; the +son of a saddler at Chipping Norton, and apprenticed to a butcher. In the +rebellion he attached himself to the royal cause, and was actively engaged +in the battles of Worcester and Warrington. In 1651, he was arrested by +order of parliament, under the name of Brown, 'at one Denzy's, a barber +over against St. Dunstan's Church, Fleet Street;' which circumstance may +have introduced him to Walton's notice."--ED.]] + +{610} + +_Radish Feast._--I copied the following from the north door of St. Ebbe's +Church, Oxford. Can any of your correspondents explain the origin and +meaning of this feast? + + "_St. Ebbe's Parish._ + + "The annual meeting for the election of Church-wardens for this Parish + will be held in the vestry of the Parish Church on Easter Tuesday, at 4 + o'clock in the afternoon. + + "WM. BRUNNER, } + WM. FISHER, } Churchwardens. + + "Dated 10 April, 1852. + + "The Radish Feast will be at the Bull Inn, New Street, immediately + after the Vestry." + +R. R. ROWE. + +Cambridge. + +_What Kind of Drink is Whit?_--In going over the famous old mansion +Cothele, near Tavistock, the other day, I saw, among other primæval +crockery, three pot-bellied jugs, two of which were inscribed "Sack, 1646;" +and the third, a smaller one, "Whit, 1646." What kind of drink is _whit_? + +W. G. C. + +_"Felix natu," &c._-- + + "Felix natu, felicior vitâ, felicissimus morte." + +Of whom was this said, and by whom? + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + +"_Gutta cavat lapidem._"--Can any reader of "N. & Q." inform me whence the +following verse is taken? + + "Gutta cavat lapidem, non vi sed sæpe cadendo." + +The first half, I know, is the commencement of a line in _Ov. ex Ponto_, +Ep. x. v. 5., which concludes with-- + + "... consumitur annulus usu." + +I have seen it quoted, but no reference given. + +A. W. + +Kilburn. + +_Punch and Judy._--Are any of your readers of "N. & Q." not aware that +_Punch and Judy_ is a corruption, both in word and deed, of _Pontius cum +Judæis_, one of the old mysteries, the subject of which was Pontius Pilate +with the Jews; and particularly in reference to St. Matt. xxvii. 19.? I +should be glad to hear of some similar instances. + +BOEOTICUS. + +Edgmond, Salop. + +_Sir John Darnall_ (Vol. v., pp. 489. 545.).--Can either of your +correspondents, E. N. or G., inform me whether the Sir John Darnall, who is +the subject of their communications, is descended from John Darnall, who +was a Baron of the Exchequer in 1548, or give me any particulars of the +"birth parentage, education, life, character, and behaviour" of the latter? + +EDWARD FOSS. + +_The Chevalier St. George._--Can any of the numerous readers of "N. & Q." +inform me where ample and minute accounts, either in print or MS., of the +Life and Court of the Chevalier St. George, particularly from the death of +James II. to his own death, can be obtained; also, of his ministers of +state, personal attendants, &c.? I have already examined such of the Stuart +Papers as have been published by Mr. Glover, and by Brown in his _History +of the Highland Clans_. + +J. W. H. + +_Declaration of 2000 Clergymen._--Several allusions have been lately made +at Parliament to the 2000 clergymen who signed a Declaration calling in +question the Queen's supremacy. Was a list of these clergymen ever +published? If so, in what newspaper or periodical? What were the exact +words of the declaration? + +RUSTICUS. + +_MS. "De Humilitate."_--Can any of your correspondents give me any +information as to the date, authorship, or value of a MS. that has lately +fallen into my hands? It is a thin quarto, beautifully written upon +parchment. The title page is wanting, and the MS. commences with the index: +but the title of the work is _De Humilitate_. It consists of twenty-four +chapters. The heading of the first two is as follows: + + "Incipit prologus in libello qui inscribitur de humilitate, + + Cap. I. Quam perniciosum sit et Deo odibile superbiæ initium, et + qualiter ac de quibus gloriandum sit. + + II. Quod sit superbia fugienda et sectanda humilitas, quæ in sui vera + cognitione fundata consistit," &c. + +The top of the first page has a rich initial letter; and at the bottom a +coat of arms: Crest, a leopard rampant; shield, argent, 3 bars gules, on a +chief azure 3 fleur de lys or. The heading of each chapter is written in +red ink. + +CEYREP. + +_MS. Work on Seals._--Moule, in his _Bibliotheca Heraldica_, states that +there was at the date of the publication of his work (1822), in the library +at Stowe, a MS. work, two volumes, folio, by Anstis, on the Antiquity and +Use of Seals. Can any of your readers inform me in whose possession this +work now is? + +A. O. D. D. + +_Sir George Carew._--Sir George Carew, the able commander and crafty +statesman of Queen Elizabeth's time, was created Earl of Totness. His +grandfather mortgaged his ancestral estate of Carew, in Pembrokeshire, to +Sir Rhys ap Thomas, who, with its subsequent possessors, Sir John Perrot +and the Earl of Essex, made great additions to Carew Castle, the +magnificent remains of which entitle it to be called the ruined Windsor of +Wales. + +The Carews then pushed their fortunes in Ireland, and endeavoured to +recover the "Marquisate of Cork" on an obsolete and false claim. {611} + +The writer wishes for an accurate pedigree of Sir George Carew, showing his +relationship to Sir Peter Carew, who was buried at Ross, and to Sir Peter +who was killed at the skirmish of Glendalough in 1581. + +H. + +_Docking Horses' Tails._--I should be glad to learn when the practice of +docking horses' tails commenced in England, or in any country of Europe, +and what was the immediate cause of this amputation? I cannot trace in the +plates of Froissart, or others of a later date, any indication of this +practice, and in them there are no tails lopped of their fair proportions. + +What other nations besides the English have ever docked their horses' +tails; and where is any account to be found of their reasons for so doing? + +If any of your correspondents will answer these Queries, I shall feel +obliged. + +TAIL. + +_St. Albans, William, Abbot of._--Archbishop Morton addressed a monition in +1490 to William, Abbot of St. Albans. It is to be found in Wilkin's +_Concilia_, iii. 632., and is extracted from Archbishop Morton's +_Register_, fol. 22. b. Now, in Tanner's _Notitia_, and in Dugdale's +_Monasticon_, it is stated that William Wallingford, Abbot of St. Albans, +died in 1484; and that the chair was vacant until 1492, when Thomas Ramryge +was elected abbot. Archbishop Morton's original letter is, I believe, to be +seen in the register at Lambeth, and its date is distinctly 1490. This +date, moreover, agrees with the Excerpta of Dr. Ducarel in the British +Museum. + +Can any of your readers solve this difficulty for me, as I am anxious to +know immediately whether I may safely identify "William," the notorious +evil-liver of Morton's monition, with "Wallington," who bears a respectable +character in Dugdale's _Monasticon_. + +L. H. J. TONNA. + +_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship._-- + + "I am grieved at every sad story I hear. I am troubled when I hear of a + pretty bride murdered in her bride-chamber by an ambitious and enraged + rival," &c.--_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship_, p. 37, fol. Lond. 1674. + +This was written A.D. 1657: what is the case referred to? + +C. P. E. + +_Colonel or Major-General Lee._--The dates of his letters tend to prove +that Lee was on the continent in 1770, and this is apparently borne out by +the "memoirs" published both in America and in England. But Dr. Girdleston, +in his strange work published in 1813, asserts that on the 20th April, +1770, at the christening of Sir Charles Davis's eldest son, Charles Sydney, +Lee was at Rushbrooke in Suffolk. The proof, however, is not adduced in a +simple and straightforward manner. At page 6, Dr. Girdlestone tells us that +some person, not named, remembers that Lee stood sponsor, &c.; at page 7, +that the register proves that the baptism took place on the 20th April, +1770; and at page 13, that the register proves that Lee was on the 20th +April "in that church." This last is the only fact bearing on the question +at issue. Will any of your intelligent correspondents residing at Bury +favour you with a copy of the register of the baptism of Charles Sydney on +the 20th April, 1770? + +C. M. L. + +"_Roses all that's fair adorn._"--Can you inform me where I can find a copy +of an old poem, which begins as follows: + + "Roses all that's fair adorn, + Rosy-finger'd is the morn," &c.; + +since I have searched in vain for it. + +W. S. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Donne._--In Walton's _Life of Donne_ it is said that Donne left behind +him-- + + "The resultance of 1400 authors, most of them abridged and analysed + with his own hand; he left also some six score of sermons, all written + with his own hand." + +Can any one tell me what has become of these MSS., and where they are now +to be found if they still exist? + +AJAX. + + [The Sermons have been published in three volumes folio: the first + printed in 1640, containing eighty; the second in 1649, containing + fifty; and the third in 1660, containing twenty-six.] + +_Dr. Evans._--Who was Dr. Evans, author of the _Sketch of Christian +Denominations_? It would not be easy to ascertain, from internal evidence, +what "denomination" he was himself! Who is the modern editor, the Rev. +James Bransby? + +A. A. D. + + [Mr. Evans was born at Uske in Monmouthshire in 1767, studied at the + Bristol Academy, and afterwards at the Universities of Aberdeen and + Edinburgh. In 1792 he became pastor of a congregation of General + Baptists in Worship Street, London; and opened an academy for youth in + Hoxton, which was subsequently removed to Islington. In 1819 he + obtained the diploma of Doctor of Laws from Brown University, in Rhode + Island, America. His death took place Jan. 25, 1827. In doctrinal + matters, we believe he was a mitigated Socinian; and we believe his + Editor, who was a schoolmaster at Carnarvon, held the same theological + views.] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +CARLING SUNDAY--ROMAN FUNERAL PILE. + +(Vol. iii., p. 449.; Vol. iv., p. 381.; Vol. v., p. 67.) + +At Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and many other places in the North of England, grey +peas, after having been steeped a night in water, are fried with butter, +given away, and eaten at a kind of entertainment on the Sunday preceding +Palm Sunday, which {612} was formerly called Care or Carle Sunday, as may +be yet seen in some of our old almanacks. They are called _carlings_, +probably, as we call the presents at fairs, _fairings_. Marshal, in his +_Observations on the Saxon Gospels_, tells us that "the Friday on which +Christ was crucified is called in German both Gute Freytag and Carr +Freytag;" that the word _karr_ signifies a satisfaction for a fine or +penalty; and that Care or Carr Sunday was not unknown to the English in his +time, at least to such as lived among old people in the country. + +In the old Roman calendar I find it observed on this day (the 12th of +March), that a dole is made of soft beans. I can hardly entertain a doubt +but that our custom is derived from hence. It was usual among the Romanists +to give away beans in the doles at funerals; it was also a rite in the +funeral ceremonies of heathen Rome. There is a great deal of learning in +Erasmus's _Adages_ concerning _the religious use of beans_, which were +thought to belong to the dead. An observation which he gives us of Pliny +concerning Pythagoras's interdiction of the pulse, is highly remarkable. It +is "that beans contain the souls of the dead." For which cause also they +were used in the Parentalia. Plutarch also, he tells us, held that pulse to +be of the highest efficacy for invoking the manes. Ridiculous and absurd as +these superstitions may appear, it is yet certain that our _carlings_ +deduce their origin from thence. On the interdiction of this pulse by +Pythagoras, the following occurs in Spencer _De Leg. Hebr._, lib. i. p. +1154.:-- + + "Quid enim Pythagoras, ejusque præceptores, Ægypti Mystæ, adeo + leguminum, fabarum imprimis, esum et aspectum fugerent; nisi quod cibi + mortuorum coenis et exequiis proprii, adeoque polluti et abominandi + haberentur," &c.--Brand's _Observations on Popular Antiquities_, + Ellis's ed., vol. i. pp. 95-99. + +In the notes in loco is mentioned "a practice of the Greek church, not yet +out of use, to set boyled corne before the singers at their commemorations +of the dead," v. _Gregorii Opusc._, p. 128. The length of this reply will +not admit of my here enumerating the other emblems of the resurrection of +the body used by the fathers and other writers. I shall therefore conclude +with an extract from Rennel's _Geographical System of Herodotus_, p. 632., +relating to the Pythagorean prohibition of beans:-- + + "The Bengalese have the _Nymphæa nelumbo_ in their lakes and + inundations; and its fruit certainly resembles at all points that of + the second species of water-lily described by Herodotus; that is, it + has the form of the orbicular wasp's nest; and contains kernels of the + size and shape of a small bean. Amongst the Bramins this plant is held + _sacred_; but the kernels, which are of a better flavour than almonds, + are almost universally eaten by the Hindoos. + + "It may, however, be a question whether it has always been the case; + and whether in the lapse of time that has taken place since the days of + Pythagoras (who is supposed to have visited India, as well as Chaldæa, + Persia, and Egypt), a relaxation in discipline may not have occasioned + the law to be dispensed with; instances enough of a like kind being to + be met with elsewhere. _Kyamos_ in the Greek language appears to + signify, not only a bean, but also the fruit or bean of the _Nymphæa + nelumbo_. Is it not probable then that the mystery of the famous + inhibition of Pythagoras, an enigma of which neither the ancients nor + the moderns have hitherto been able to give a rational solution, may be + discovered in those curious records of Sanscrit erudition, which the + meritorious labours of some of our countrymen in India are gradually + bringing to light?" + +BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM. + + * * * * * + +HART AND MOHUN. + +(Vol. v., p. 466.) + +In Downes' _Roscius Anglicanus_, edit. 1789, mention is made of these two +actors, thus: + + "Hart was apprentice to Robinson, an actor who lived before the Civil + Wars; he afterwards had a captain's commission, and fought for Charles + I. He acted women's parts when a boy. + + "Mohun was brought up under Robinson, as Hart and others were: in his + youth he acted Bellamente, in _Love's Cruelty_, which part he retained + after the Restoration."--Page 10. + +It appears to have been the practice of the old actors--the "master +actors," as they were called--to take youths as apprentices, and to +initiate them in female characters, as a preparatory step towards something +weightier. Richard Robinson, above-mentioned, _circa_ 1616, usually +performed female characters himself.[5] In 1647 his name occurs, with +several others, prefixed to the dedication of the first folio edition of +Fletcher's _Plays_. He served in the king's army in the civil wars, and was +killed in an engagement by Harrison, who refused him quarter, and who was +afterwards hanged at Charing Cross. + +The patent of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, of which Mr. Hart and Major +Mohun formed part of the company, having descended from Thomas to Charles +Killigrew-- + + "In 1682 he joined it to Dr. Davenant's patent, whose company acted + then in Dorset Garden, which, upon the union, were created the King's + Company: after which Mr. Hart acted no more, having a pension to the + day of his death from the United Company. I must not omit to mention + the parts in several plays of some of the actors, wherein they excelled + in the performance of them. First, Mr. Hart, in the part of Arbaces, in + _King and no King_; Amintor, in the _Maid's Tagedy_; Othello; Rollo; + Brutus, in _Julius Cæsar_; Alexander. Towards the latter end of his + acting, if he {613} acted in any one of these but once in a fortnight, + the house was filled as at a new play, especially Alexander; he acting + that with such grandeur and agreeable majesty, that one of the Court + was pleased to honour him with this commendation; that Hart might teach + any king on earth how to comport himself."[6] + +In Rymer's _Dissertation on Tragedy_ he is thus noticed: + + "The eyes of the audience are prepossessed and charmed by his action, + before aught of the poet can approach their ears; and to the most + wretched of characters Hart gives a lustre which dazzles the sight, + that the deformities of the poet cannot be perceived." + + "He was no less inferior in Comedy; as Mosca, in the _Fox_; Don John, + in the _Chances_; Wildblood, in the _Mock Astrologer_; with sundry + other parts. In all the Comedies and Tragedies he was concerned, he + perform'd with that exactness and perfection that not any of his + successors have equall'd him."[7] + +It would seem that through Hart's "excellent action" alone Ben Jonson's +_Catiline_ (his own favourite play), which had been condemned on its first +representation, was kept on the stage during the reign of Charles II. With +Hart this play died. + +Previous to Nell Gwyn's elevation to royal favour, it is said, upon the +authority of Sir George Etherge, in _Lives of the most celebrated Beauties, +&c._, 1715, she was "protected" by Lacy, and afterwards by Hart. Whether +this be true or not, it is certain that she received instructions in the +Thespian art from both of these gentlemen. + +The cause of Hart retiring from the stage was in consequence of his being +dreadfully afflicted with the stone and gravel, "of which he died sometime +after, having a salary of forty shillings a week to the day of his death." + +Hart's Christian name was Charles. He is believed by Malone to have been +Shakspeare's great nephew.[8] + +Major Mohun remained in the "United Company" after Hart's retirement. + + "He was eminent for Volpone; Face, in the _Alchemist_; Melantius, in + the _Maid's Tragedy_; Mardonius, in _King and no King_; Cassius, in + _Julius Cæsar_; Clytus, in _Alexander_; Mithridates, &c. An eminent + poet[9] seeing him act this last, vented suddenly this saying: 'Oh, + Mohun, Mohun! thou little man of mettle, if I should write 100 plays, + I'd write a part for thy mouth.' In short, in all his parts, he was + most accurate and correct."[10] + +Rymer remarks: + + "We may remember (however we find this scene of Melanthius and Amintor + written in the book) that at the Theater we have a good scene acted; + there is work cut out, and both our Æsopus and Roscius are on the stage + together. Whatever defect may be in Amintor and Melanthius, Mr. Hart + and Mr. Mohun are wanting in nothing. To these we owe what is pleasing + in the scene; and to this scene we may impute the success of the + '_Maid's Tragedy_.'" + +Major Mohun's Christian name was Michael. + +W. H. LN. + +Berwick-on-Tweed. + +[Footnote 5: See _The Devil is an Ass_, Act II. Sc. 8.] + +[Footnote 6: _Roscius Anglicanus_, p. 23.] + +[Footnote 7: Ibid., p. 24.] + +[Footnote 8: See _Historical Account of the English Stage_, in Malone's +edition of Shakspeare, vol. i. part ii. p. 278. Lond. 1790.] + +[Footnote 9: Thought by Thomas Davies to have been Lee.] + +[Footnote 10: _Roscius Anglicanus._] + + * * * * * + +BURIAL WITHOUT RELIGIOUS SERVICE--BURIAL. + +(Vol. v., pp. 466. 549.) + +There can be no doubt, I think, that a burial ground, whether parish +churchyard or cemetery, so long as it has been consecrated, or even +licensed by the bishop, is only _legally_ useable for interments performed +according to "the ecclesiastical laws of this realm;" _i.e._ the burial +service, as rubrically directed, must be read by a clergyman over the +corpse. Whether the bishop would have proceeded by law against the +clergyman in Carlile's case, supposing he had desisted from the service +under the protests of the sons, may be questioned; but that he could have +done so is beyond a doubt. The sixty-eighth canon says, that "no minister +shall refuse or delay to bury any corpse that is brought to the church or +churchyard ... in such manner and form as is prescribed in the Book of +Common Prayer. And if he shall refuse, &c., he shall be suspended by the +bishop of the diocese from his ministry by the space of three months." The +consecration, or episcopal licence, seems to tie the burial ground to the +burial service, except in the three cases of persons who die +excommunicated, unbaptised, or by their own hands; and I imagine that a +clergyman would render himself liable to suspension by his bishop, who +either allowed interments to take place in the churchyard without the +burial service, or, on the other hand, used the service in unconsecrated or +unlicensed ground. By the 3 Ja. I. c. 5., there is a penalty for burying a +corpse away from the church; but this law is either repealed or obsolete. +If any services of the church be used by a clergyman, except "according to +order," I imagine that he renders himself liable to penal consequences; but +it may be sometimes thought best to omit them. Sometimes, however, as in +the case of baptisms being allowed in drawing-rooms, there is such an +intentional oversight as is quite indefensible. + +The story which I have heard of Baskerville's burial is as follows;--He +died at Birmingham, but was not interred, and his corpse was kept in the +house in which he had lived. After a time this house was sold, and the +purchaser of it became embarrassed by the unexpected discovery that he was +in possession of the old printer's mortal remains. He applied to the +clergyman of {614} the parish for release from his difficulty; and this +gentleman, being a man of the world, said that he was the last person who +ought to have been consulted, but since it was so, the churchyard and the +shades of evening afforded a remedy. + +Perhaps it is worth adding, that when Sir W. Page Wood, the late +Solicitor-General, would have brought a bill into parliament to relieve +dissenters from the payment of church rates, on condition that they +consented to forego all claim upon the services of the church, including of +course the burial service, the bargain was declined by them. + +ALFRED GATTY. + + * * * * * + +"QUOD NON FECERUNT BARBARI," ETC. + +(Vol. v., p. 559.) + +Your correspondent MR. BREEN is mistaken in supposing this "epigram" to +refer to the Barberini spoliation of the Coliseum; it was an equally +important and more sacrilegious theft that aroused Pasquin's satire and +indignation. + +Urban VIII. (Matteo Barberini), 1623-44, had just stripped the dome of the +Pantheon of the bronze that adorned it, to construct therewith the +baldacchino over the high altar in St. Peter's. The amount of metal +obtained, says Venuti, was upwards of 450,250 pounds weight; and upon the +principle of robbing Peter to pay Paul, the material thus stolen from the +Madonna was dedicated to the service of San Pietro. Bernini was the artist +employed, from whose taste, perhaps, little better was to be expected; and +the baldacchino, though highly ornamented, richly gilt, and of imposing +dimensions, certainly makes the beholder regret that the metal was moved +from its original position. It was costly enough too, upwards of 20,000l. +having been expended upon its production. + +Urban evidently had a practical turn for warfare by no means unusual to the +possessors of the "holy see," for we find that the surplusage of the metal +was cast into cannon for the defence of St. Angelo. + +This pope certainly was _one_ of the most unsparing despoilers of the +Coliseum, inasmuch as the huge pile of the Palazzo Barbarini was erected by +him with stone supplied solely from that convenient and inexpensive quarry. +If, however, we reflect that he did but follow the example of many of his +predecessors (Paul II. built the Palazzo di Venezia, and Paul III. the +Farnese, from the same exhaustless supply), and that the Coliseum was not +only much ruined by the "barbarians" during the various sieges of Rome, but +was used as a fortress by the Frangipani in the Middle Ages, the pasquinade +quoted by MR. BREEN would hardly have been applicable to Urban's misdeeds +in that quarter. Nor was the Coliseum at that time consecrated ground, as +it was not till the year 1750 that Benedict XIV., with a view to protect it +from future depredation, dedicated it to the memory of the Christian +martyrs who had perished in its arena. But the Pantheon, consecrated as +early as A.D. 608, under the name of S. Maria Rotonda, had been respected +and spared by all, whether Arian or barb-"arian;" and it was reserved for a +"Santo Padre" of the seventeenth century to despoil a Christian Church, and +himself set an example of sacrilege to the Christian world. Urban was the +sole member of the Barberini family (of Florentine extraction) that ever +attained the papal tiara. The amount of wealth stated to have been amassed +by him during his pontificate appears almost fabulous. + +The author of the pasquinade in question is, I believe, unknown. + +A. P. + +Bayswater. + + * * * * * + +RESTIVE. + +(Vol. v., p. 535.) + +I am inclined to think that your correspondents, however deeply they may be +versed in "Folk-Lore," are generally not much acquainted with "Horse-Lore." +Such, at least, is the opinion that is warranted by the extraordinary +nature of the questions (not many in number, it is true) which have been +put in relation to that subject, and of the replies that have been given to +them. In the case now before us, J. R. has only superficially considered +the matter. He takes one out of many definitions "in our dictionaries," and +on that takes his stand. He is manifestly in error. The tempting facility +of referring all words similar in appearance to the same etymon lies at the +root of his mistake; for _restive_, as he will find on more patient +investigation, is by our lexicographers (Richardson, for example) classed +under a different root from _rest_, used to express _quiescence_, or +_repose_. _Restive_, or more properly _restiff_, is equivalent to the +French _rétif_, or Italian _restio_; and, as applied to horses, means those +which resist the will of their rider. Hence, whether in standing stock +still, in running away, in rearing, in plunging, or in kicking, they employ +their natural means of defence against the control of the cavalier, and may +equally be called _restiff_. In support of this view, take the following +quotation, to which others might be added. It is from Grisone, _Ordini di +Cavalcare_, 4to., 1550: + + "Se il cavallo è restio, il più delle volte procede per colpa del + Cavaliero, per una di questi ragioni. Overo il Cavallo è vile, e di + poca forza, e essendo troppo molestato si abandona e avvilisce di sorte + che accorando non vuole caminare avante; over è superbo, e gagliardo, e + dandogli fatica, egli mancandogli un poco di lena, si prevalerà con + salti, e con aggrupparsi, e con altre malignità, ò fara pur questo dal + principio che si cavalca, di maniera che se allora conoscerà chi il + Cavaliero lo teme, {615} prenderà tant' animo, che usando molte + ribalderie, si fermerà contra la volontà sua; _e di queste due Specie + di Restii_ [which J. R. will be pleased to _note_], la peggior è quella + che nasce da viltà, e da poca forza."--Folio 92, verso. + +Thus much for the equestrian part of the subject. With regard to the use of +the word _restive_ by the author of the _Eclipse of Faith_, that is purely +a matter of taste, which it is unnecessary here to discuss; but I hope that +the foregoing opinion of one who in his day passed for the most +accomplished horseman of Europe, will suffice to show that, in the passage +quoted, the term is not so entirely misapplied as J. R. supposes. + +F. S. Q. + + * * * * * + +MEN OF KENT AND KENTISH MEN. + +(Vol. v., p. 321.) + +In your answers to Minor Queries (Vol. v., p. 321.) I find it stated, that +the inhabitants of the part of Kent lying between Rochester and London +being _invicti_, have ever since (the Norman Conquest) been designated as +Men of Kent; while those to the eastward, through whose district the +Conqueror marched unopposed, are only "Kentish Men." + +As I have always understood that the contrary is the case, and that the +inhabitants of East Kent are called "Men of Kent," and those in West Kent, +"Kentish Men"--because in East Kent the people are less intermixed with +strangers than in West Kent, from its proximity to the metropolis--I was +desirous of correcting what appeared to me to be a manifest error: but not +finding any direct authority on the point, I consulted my friend Charles +Sandys, Esq., of Canterbury, as a Kentish antiquary, on the subject. And I +now send you a letter from that gentleman, which you are at liberty to +print. + +GEO. R. CORNER. + +Eltham. + +"'MEN OF KENT,' AND 'KENTISH MEN.' + +"I am not aware that any professed treatise has been written or published +upon our provincial distinction of 'Men of Kent' and 'Kentish Men.' That +some such traditionary distinction, however, (whatever it may be) has +existed from time immemorial in our county, cannot be disputed, and I think +it has an undoubted and unquestionable historic origin, which I will +endeavour briefly to illustrate. + +"The West Kent Men, according to the tradition, are styled 'Kentish Men;' +whilst those of East Kent are more emphatically denominated 'Men of Kent.' + +"And now for my historical authorities:-- + +"That the East Kent people were denominated from ancient time 'Men of +Kent,' may, I think, be inferred from the ancient Saxon name of its +metropolis, [Cant-wara-burh] [_Canterbury_], literally, 'The City of the +Men of Kent;' the royal city and seat of government of King Ethelbert at +the time of the arrival of St. Augustine (A.D. 597) to convert our +idolatrous Saxon ancestors from the worship of Woden and his kindred +deities to that of the Saviour of the world. + +"St. Augustine, having succeeded in his holy mission, and having been +consecrated Archbishop of the Saxons and Angles in Britain, fixed his +metropolitical see in the royal city of Canterbury, which had been granted +to him by King Ethelbert on his conversion (who thereupon retired to his +royal fortress, or Castrum, of Regulbium, _Reculver_). And in that city it +has ever since continued for a period of more than twelve centuries. + +"The conversion of the Pagan inhabitants of Kent proceeded so rapidly that +St. Augustine, with the assistance of King Ethelbert, soon founded another +episcopal see at Rochester, and thus divided the Kentish kingdom into two +dioceses: the eastern, or diocese of Canterbury; the western, or diocese of +Rochester. And thus, I conceive, originated the divisions of East and West +Kent: the men of the former retaining their ancient name of 'Men of Kent;' +whilst those of the latter adopted that of 'Kentish Men.' + +"The Saxon (or Jutish) kingdom of Kent continued a separate and independent +kingdom of the Octarchy from the time of Hengist (A.D. 455) until its +subjugation by Offa, King of Mercia, in the eighth century, to which it +continued tributary until King Egbert reduced all the kingdoms of the +Octarchy under his dominion, at the commencement of the ninth century,--and +thus became the first King of all England. + +"That Kent was separated at an early period into the two divisions of East +and West Kent, may be inferred from a charter (Kemble, _Cod. Dipl._ ii. +19.) relating to some property withheld from the church of Canterbury, and +which is specially described as having been that "of Oswulf, duke and +prince of the province of _East Kent_" ('dux atque princeps provinciæ +_Orientalis Cantiæ_') c. A.D. 844. + +"The _Saxon Chronicle_ also confirms this view of the matter, thus: + +A.D. 853. "Ealhere with the 'Men of Kent' fought in _Thanet_ against the +heathen army (Danes)."--Thanet is in _East_ Kent. + +A.D. 865. "The heathen army sate down in _Thanet_, and made peace with the +'Men of Kent.' And the 'Men of Kent' promised them money for the peace." + +A.D. 902. ... "Battle at the _Holmes_, between the 'Kentish Men' and the +'Danish Men.'--This, I take it, occurred in _West_ Kent. + +A.D. 999. "The army (Danes) went up along the Medway to _Rochester_, and +then the '_Kentish_ forces' stoutly joined battle ... and full nigh {616} +all the 'West Kentish men' they ruined and plundered." + +A.D.[11] 1009. "Then came the vast hostile army (Danes) to _Sandwich_, and +they soon went their way to _Canterbury_; and all the people of '_East +Kent_' made peace with the army, and gave them 3000 pounds." + +"Thus, I trust, I have satisfactorily shown from our ancient annals, that +the distinction between 'Kentish Men' and 'Men of Kent,' existed at a +period long anterior to the Norman Conquest, and is distinctly recognised +in the foregoing historical passages. And its origin may, I think, be +attributed to the ancient division of the Jutish kingdom of Kent into the +two dioceses of _Canterbury_ and _Rochester_. + +"Our Gavelkind Tenure and free Kentish customs, of which I have attempted a +history in my recently published _Consuetudines Kanciæ_, gave rise to our +well-known old provincial song of 'The Man of Kent,' its burthen being: + + "Of Briton's race--if one surpass, + 'A Man of Kent' is He." + +CHARLES SANDYS, F.S.A. + +Canterbury. + +[Footnote 11: "A.D." corrected from "A.B."--Transcriber.] + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Speculum Christianorum, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 558.).--In case no fuller +information should be forthcoming on this tract, allow me to refer MR. +SIMPSON to Ames's _Typographical Dictionary_, p. 113., where is an account +of what is apparently another edition of the above, printed by William +Machlinia, or Macklyn, about the year 1480. The title runs thus: _Incipit +liber qui vocatur Speculum Xpristiani_. It is a short exposition of the +common topics of divinity of that time, for the most part in Latin, but +there is some English which is chiefly in rhyme. The first English lines +are-- + + "In heauen shall dwelle alle cristen men + That knowe and kepe goddes byddynges ten." + +At the end, after-- + + "Explicit liber qui vocatur specul[=u] Xpr[=i]ani, Sequitur exposicio + oracionis dominice c[=u] quodam bono notabili et sept[=e] capitalia + vicia c[=u] aliquibus ramis eor[=u]." + +Afterwards-- + + "Sequuntur monita de verbis beati Ysidori extracta ad instruend[=u] + homin[=e] qualiter vicia valeat euitare et in bonis se debeat + informare." + +The whole concludes with this colophon: + + "Jste Libellus impressus est [=i] opulentissima Ciuitate Londoniarum + per me Willelmum de Machlinia ad instanciam necnon expensas Henrici + Vrankenbergh mercatoris." + +The author is said to be John Watton in the Catalogue of MSS. in England +and Ireland, C.C.C., Oxon. n. clv. p. 53. + +J. EASTWOOD. + +_Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire_ (Vol. v., p. 512.).--A querist +writes to know where any of these may be seen. + +The original manuscript (three vols. folio) was given to the library of the +College of Arms, through the hands of Sir Charles Young, by the Rev. R. W. +Huntley of Boxwell Court, about 1835, who became possessed of it by a +legacy from a descendant of Mr. Smyth. There is another copy in the +"Evidence Room," at Berkeley Castle; and another in the library of Smyth +Owen, Esq., a descendant from the author, at Condover Hall, Shropshire. +There is another copy in the possession of the Hon. Robert Berkeley at +Spetchley Park, Worcestershire. And an imperfect copy was sold at the sale +at Hill Court, Gloucester, in 1846. It was bought by a bookseller for Mr. +Pigott of Brockley; it was resold in 1849, but to whom I could never find +out. This last is also in three vols.; two of these match in the binding, +but the third does not: the leather of this odd vol. is thickly studded +with the _portcullis_. The imperfection of this set consists in being +_unfinished_ in many parts. Mr. Huntley's is considered the first copy of +that at the castle; and that at Condover was probably Mr. Smyth's own. The +Hill Court copy seems to be about the same date. + +The _Abstracts and Extracts_ of these MSS. as published by Fosbroke in +1821, are but a tantalising meagre sample of the very rich store of +genealogical and historical information which the originals contain. + +H. T. ELLACOMBE. + +Clyst St. George, Devon. + +_M. Barrière and the Quarterly Review_ (Vol. v., pp. 347. 402.).--As I see +that J. R. (of Cork) has resumed his correspondence with "N. & Q.," I beg +leave to call his attention to his statement, and to my inquiry under the +above references: any one or two instances of what is stated to be "so +frequent" a practice will suffice. + +C. + +"_I do not know what the truth may be_" (Vol. v., p. 560.).--The lines run +thus in the _Lay of the Last Minstrel_, Canto II. 22.: + + "I cannot tell how the truth may be, + I say the tale as 'twas said to me." + +J. EASTWOOD. + + [J. M.--D. P. WATERS--NASO--L. X. R.--W. J. B. S.--B. R. J.--MARY, &c., + have also furnished us with Replies to this Query.] + +_Optical Phenomena_ (Vol. v., p. 441.).--You have not yet published any +satisfactory reply to the optical Query of N. B., at p. 441. of the present +volume. I apprehend there is not much difficulty in finding the solution. I +attribute the phenomenon to the refraction of light through a stratum of +air that is more dense than the surrounding air. Every solid is coated by +such a stratum. This is the well-known fact of _adhesion_ {617} alluded to +by Liebig, in his _Letters on Chemistry_, 1st series [2nd edit. by Gardner, +p. 16.] + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +_Stoup_ (Vol. v., p. 560.).--In answer to the inquiry of CUTHBERT BEDE, I +beg to inform him that an _exterior_ stoup, in excellent preservation, is +to be found on the outer wall of the south porch of Hungerton Church, +Leicestershire. The inquiry confirms the belief I have always entertained, +that examples of exterior stoups are rarely met with in the ecclesiastic +architecture of England. + +KT. + +Aylestone. + +_Seventh Son of a Seventh Son_ (Vol. v., p. 532.).--The note which appears +in p. 532. has induced me to look out a rare old printed copy of "The Quack +Doctor's Speech," which is in my possession, and which was spoken by the +witty Lord Rochester, in character, and mounted on a stage; it is +altogether a very humorous and lengthy address, partaking of the licence of +language not uncommon to the courtiers of that period, abounding in much +technical phraseology, and therefore unsuited for an introduction into your +pages _in extenso_. The titles assumed, however, are in character with the +pretensions claimed by virtue of being the seventh begotten son of a +seventh begotten father; and may perhaps prove an interesting addition to +the collection of instances recorded by your correspondent HENRY EDWARDS: + + "Gentlemen, + + "I, Waltho Van Clauterbauck, High German Doctor, Chymist and + Dentrificator--Native of Arabia Deserta, Citizen and Burgomaster of the + City of Brandipolis--Seventh son of a Seventh son, unborn Doctor of + above sixty years' experience, having studied over Galen, Hypocrates, + Albumazer, and Paracelsus, am now become the Æsculapius of this age. + Having been educated at twelve Universities, and travelled through + fifty-two Kingdoms, and been Counsellor to the Counsellors of several + grand Monarchs, natural son of the wonder working chymical Doctor + Signior Hanesio, lately arrived from the farthest parts of Utopia, + famous throughout all Asia, Europe, Africa, and America, from the Sun's + oriental exaltation to his occidental declination, out of mere pity to + my own dear self and languishing mortals, have by the earnest prayers + and entreaties of several Lords, Dukes, and honourable Personages been + at last prevailed upon to oblige the World with this Notice, &c. &c. + + "Veniente occurrite morbo--Down with your dust. + Principiis obsta--No cure no money. + Querenda Pecunia Premium--Be not sick too late. + + "You that are willing to render yourselves immortal, Buy this pacquet, + or else repair to the sign of the Pranceis, in Vico vulgo dicto + Ratcliffero, something south-east of Templum Dancicum, in the Square of + Profound Close, not far from Titter Tatter Fair; and you may hear, see, + and return Re-infecta." + +KT. + +Aylestone. + +At my father's school was a Yorkshire lad, who was to be educated +classically, because he was intended for the medical profession. The cause +assigned was, that "he was the seventh son of a seventh son;" and the +seventh son of a seventh son "_maks the bigg'st o' doctors_." + +C. C. C. + +_The Number Seven_ (Vol. v., p. 533.).--MR. HENRY EDWARDS is quite right in +his conjecture that the number _seven_, so often used in the Old and New +Testament, is generally put to mean "several," "many," or an indefinite +number. Hence the number seven was esteemed a sacred, symbolical, and +mystical number. There were seven gifts of the Holy Ghost, seven days in +the week, seven sacraments, seven branches on the candlestick of Moses, +seven liberal arts, seven churches of Asia, seven mysterious seals, seven +stars, seven symbolic trumpets, seven heads of the dragon, seven joys and +seven sorrows of the blessed Virgin, seven penitential psalms, seven deadly +sins, seven canonical hours, &c. &c. + +"Septenarius numerus est numerus universitatis," says J. de Voragine. See +also, Bede, Duranti, and Rhabanus Maurus, on the mystical explanation of +this number. A curious French MS. belonging to the latter part of the +thirteenth century has a singular illustration of the number seven. It is a +miniature: a wheel cut into seven rays, and composed of seven concentric +cordons. The rays form seven compartments, divided into as many cordons, +containing in each cordon one of the seven petitions of the Lord's Prayer, +one of the seven sacraments, one of the seven spiritual arms of justice, +one of the seven works of mercy, one of the seven virtues, one of the seven +deadly sins, and one of the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost. + +CEYREP. + +_Commentators_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--The original verses are +Young's:-- + + "How commentators each dark passage shun, + And hold their farthing candle to the sun. + _The Love of Fame_, Satire vii. + +L. X. R. + +_Banning or Bayning Family_ (Vol. v., p. 536.).--This surname is traced in +Ireland on _record_ from the time of Richard II., while the native +annalists represent it with that Milesian prefix which old Alvary so +ingraciously attaints--"_O datur ambiguis_." These annalists mark Patrick +"O'Bainan" Bishop of Connor in 1152, and Gelasius "O'Banan" Bishop of +Clogher in 1316. The records that I have alluded to spell the name +"Bannyn," or "Banent." In 1620 Creconnaght "Bannan" was seised of lands in +Ulster; and in the army raised for the service of King James, while in this +country in 1689, William Bannan was a quartermaster in Colonel Nicholas +Purcel's regiment of {618} horse. I have reason myself to know that two +families of "Banon" still exist here. + +JOHN D'ALTON. + +Dublin. + +_Tortoiseshell Tom Cat_ (Vol. v., p. 465.).--I always thought the +tortoiseshell tom cat was an animal of very rare occurrence; but I was not +aware, until I read the Note of your correspondent W. R., that it was +unknown in natural history. The late (and highly respected) Mr. John +Bannister, familiarly called "Jack Bannister," wrote, more than forty years +ago, a humorous and witty _jeu d'esprit_ on this subject: this was composed +for his "Budget," a species of entertainment from which the late Mr. +Matthews took the idea of his "At Home;" an entertainment exhibiting a most +extraordinary range of talent, and must be fresh in the memory of most of +your readers. It supposes the auctioneer, "Mr. Catseye," in the Great Room +in "Cateaton Street," and opens thus: + + "Oh! what a story the papers have been telling us + About a little animal of wond'rous price; + Who but an auctioneer would ever think of selling us, + For two hundred yellow-boys, a trap for mice?" + &c. &c. + +Having, humorously described the company assembled, and enlarged on the +"beauty and rarity" of the animal, it thus concludes: + + "Now louder and warmer the competition growing, + Politeness nearly banished in the grand _fracas_; + Two hundred, two hundred and thirty-three--a-going! + Gone! Never cat of _talents_ surely met avidly such _éclat_! + E'en nine or ten fine gentlemen were in the fashion caught as well, + As ladies in their bidding for this purring piece of tortoiseshell. + And the buyer bore him off in triumph, after all the fun was done, + And bells rang, as if Whittington had been Lord Mayor of London; + Mice and rats flung up their hats, to find that cats so scarce were, + And mouse-trap makers raised their prices cent. per cent.!" + +M. W. B. + +_A Tombstone cut by Baskerville_ (Vol. v., p. 209.).--A correspondent +complains that on visiting Edgbaston Church he was unable to obtain a sight +of the tombstone, which he much wished to see. Since I read his Note, I +have met with the following, which I copy from Pye's _Modern Birmingham_, +1819. After speaking of a monument in Handsworth Church, Birmingham, to the +late Matthew Boulton, the writer proceeds: + + "The other is a humble tombstone, remarkable as being one of the last + works cut by his own hand, with his name at the top of it, of that + celebrated typographer, Baskerville; but this, being neglected by the + relations of the deceased, has been mutilated, although the inscription + is still perfect, but so much overgrown with moss and weeds, that it + requires more discrimination than falls to the lot of many passing + travellers, to discover the situation of this neglected gem. To those + who are curious it will be found close to the wall, immediately under + the chancel window. This precious relic of that eminent man is + deserving of being removed at the expense of the parish, and preserved + with the greatest care, withinside the church.... There is only one + other of his cuttings known to be in existence, and that has lately + been removed and placed withinside the church at Edgbaston--" + +Which is subsequently thus described: + + "There was in this churchyard a gravestone cut by the hands of the + celebrated typographer Baskerville, which is now removed and placed + withinside the church. The stone being of a flaky nature, the + inscription is not quite perfect, but whoever takes delight in + well-formed letters, may here be highly gratified; it was erected to + the memory of Edw. Richards, an idiot, who died 21st September, 1728, + with the following inscription:-- + + 'If innocents are the favourites of heaven, + And God but little asks where little's given, + My great Creator has for me in store + Eternal joys; what wise man can have more?'" + +I am sorry I cannot just now give any further information, but hope this +Note will be new to some of your readers, and interesting to all. + +ESTE. + +_Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 492.).--The editorial note has +supplied the Latin parallel, but not "the origin and reason of the idea." +This Koenig's note to Persius (I. 40.) will do: + + "_Nascentur violæ_; Hoc inde videtur natum esse quod veteres tumulos + mortuorum sparsis floribus et corollis solebant ornate; pertinebat hoc + ad religionem manium, qui, ut putabatur, libationibus annuis, coronis, + floribus, cet. delectabantur." + +This is the first step. Further: + + "Beatissima mortui conditio, cui _vel natura ipsa inferias agat_, + floribus in tumulo sponte nascentibus, videtur indicari." + +Lastly: + + "Videtur quoque privata nonnullorum opinio fuisse, _cinerem in flores + mutari, idque contingere non nisi probis ac pulchris_ (_Anthol. Lat._); + ex fabulis heroum in flores post mortem mutatorum fortasse nata." + +This last, and deepest thought, is that seized on by Shakspeare and +Tennyson. Koenig gives many parallels. + +A. A. D. + +_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. v., pp. 293. 374. 500. 547.).--The following +rhymes (if so they can be termed) respecting the exploits of a certain +giant named Bell, and his wonderful sorrel horse, whose leaps were each a +mile long, are, or were a few {619} years since, prevalent in this +neighbourhood among the inhabitants of the villages therein mentioned. The +legend has been noticed by Peck: + + "Mountsorrel he mounted at, + Rodely[12] he rode by, + Onelept[13] he leaped o'er, + At Birstall he burst his gall, + And Belgrave he was buried at." + +LEICESTRIENSIS. + +[Footnote 12: Now Rothley.] + +[Footnote 13: Now Wanlip.] + +The following I had years ago from a Buckinghamshire gentleman: + + "_Tring_, _Wing_, and _Ivinghoe_, + Three dirty villages all in a row, + And never without a rogue or two. + Would you know the reason why? + _Leighton Buzzard_ is hard by." + +J. EASTWOOD. + +_Birthplace of Josephine_ (Vol. v., p. 220.).--MR. BREEN'S able and +interesting Note seems to establish beyond dispute that Josephine was born +in St. Lucia, and not, as is commonly supposed, in Martinique. + +But can MR. BREEN, or any other of your correspondents, speak to this still +more curious Query, whether or no she had African blood in her veins? I +heard it confidently asserted lately by a gentleman of high standing on +this island, who has business relations with Martinique, that such was the +case, and that either the grandmother or great-grandmother of the Empress +was a negress slave. He had the fact, he said, on good local authority, and +appeared satisfied in his own mind of the truth of the statement. The +sudden and surprising elevation of her grandson gives some interest to the +inquiry. + +A. KER. + +Antigua. + +_The Curse of Scotland_ (Vol. i., pp. 61. 90.; Vol. iii., pp. 22. 253. 423. +483.).-- + + "There is a common expression made use of at cards, which I have never + heard any explanation of; I mean the nine of diamonds being commonly + called the Curse of Scotland. + + "Looking lately over a book of heraldry I found nine diamonds, or + lozenges, conjoined, or, in the heraldic language, Gules, a cross of + lozenges, to be the arms of Packer. + + "Colonel Packer appears to have been one of the persons who was on the + scaffold when Charles the First was beheaded, and afterwards commanded + in Scotland, and is recorded to have acted in his command with + considerable severity. It is possible that his arms might, by a very + easy metonymy, be called the Curse of Scotland; and the nine of + diamonds, at cards, being very similar in figure to them, might have + ever since retained the appellation."--_Gent. Mag._, vol. lvi. p. 301. + + "I cannot tell whence he learns that Colonel Packer was on the scaffold + when King Charles was beheaded."--_Ibid._, p. 390. + + "When the Duke of York (a little before his succession to the crown) + came to Scotland, he and his suite introduced a new game, there called + _Comet_, where the ninth of diamonds is an important card. The Scots + who were to learn the game, felt it to their cost: and from that + circumstance the ninth of diamonds was nicknamed the Curse of + Scotland."--_Ibid._, p. 538. + + "The nine of diamonds is called the Curse of Scotland because it is the + great winning card at Comette, which was a game introduced into + Scotland by the French attendants of Mary of Lorraine, queen of James + V., to the ruin of many Scotch families."--_Ibid._, p. 968. + +The explanation supplied by the game of Pope Joan is doubtless the correct +one. + +GOODLUCK. + +_Waller Family_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--Francis Waller, of Amersham, Bucks, +grandfather of Edmund Waller the poet, by his will, dated 13th of January, +1548-49, entails his mansion house in Beaconsfield, and other estates in +Bucks, Herts, &c., on the child of which his wife Anne is "now pregnant," +with remainders to his two brothers, Thomas and Edmund, in tail, with +divers remainders over, to Francis Waller, son of his brother Ralph Waller, +and the heirs of his "sister Pope" and his sister Davys. The lady in +question was of the Beaconsfield branch of the Wallers, and great aunt to +the poet. (From the family muniments.) + +LAMBERT H. LARKING. + +"_After me the Deluge_" (Vol. iii., pp. 299. 397.).--The modern, whoever he +may be, can only lay claim to reviving this proverb of selfishness, which +was branded by Cicero long ago: + + "Illa vox inhumana et scelerata ducitur, eorum, qui negant se recusare, + quò minùs, ipsis mortuis, terrarum omnium deflagratio consequatur, quod + vulgari quodam versu Græco [[Greek: Emou Thanontos gaia michthêtô + puri]] pronuntiari solet." + +This passage occurs in his treatise _De Finibus_, III. xix., vol. xiv. p. +341. Valpy's edition, 1830. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +_Sun-Dial Motto_ (Vol. v., p. 499.).--Y. is informed that Hazlitt, in his +_Sketches and Essays_, has an essay on a sun-dial, beginning with these +words: + + "_Horas non numero nisi serenas_, is the motto of a sun-dial near + Venice." + +In _La Gnomonique Pratique_ of François de Celles, 8vo., there is pretty +long list of Latin mottos for sun-dials, but I do not find the above +amongst them. It scarcely reads like a classical quotation. + +ROBERT SNOW. + +_Lines by Lord Palmerston_ (Vol. i., p. 382.; Vol. ii., p. 30. Vol. iii., +p. 28.).--In Vol. i., p. 328., INDAGATOR inquired whether there was any +{620} authority for attributing to the late Lord Palmerston the beautiful +lines on the loss of his lady, beginning,-- + + "Whoe'er like me his heart's whole treasure brings." + +INDAGATOR says they have been supposed to be Hawksworth's and S. S. S. +(Vol. ii., p. 30.) that they have been also attributed to Mason. I can +state, _from the best authority_, that they are Lord Palmerston's. My +authority needs no extrinsic confirmation, but I may as well observe that +INDAGATOR has himself sufficiently disposed of Hawksworth's claim, as his +wife was still alive when the lines appeared; and the conjecture of S. S. +S. is obviously a confusion of Lord Palmerston's lines with those of +Mason's (whose wife died at Bristol), beginning-- + + "Take, holy earth, all that my soul holds dear." + +But another of your correspondents, A. B. (Vol. iii., p. 28.), or your +printer, has made a mistake on this point which I cannot account for. A. B. +says that he inquired after the author of the lines beginning-- + + "Stranger, whoe'er thou art that viewest this tomb;" + +and this statement is headed with a reference to INDAGATOR'S inquiry about +Lord Palmerston, to which it had no reference whatsoever. I do not remember +to have seen A. B.'s inquiry, but it assuredly has nothing to do with +INDAGATOR'S which I have now set at rest. + +C. + +_Indian Jugglers_ (Vol. iv., p. 472.).--In looking over some former Numbers +I find an inquiry under this head. N. will find a full account of some of +these wonderful and apparently inexplicable performances in the _Dublin +University Magazine_. I have not a set to refer to, but the papers appeared +about three or four years ago. + +ESTE. + +_Sons of the Conqueror_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--I believe after all that +Sir N. Wraxall is right. According to the old chroniclers, _three_ members +of the Conqueror's family met their death in the New Forest. + +1. _Richard_, his _second son_, is said to have been killed by a stag in +the New Forest when hunting, and to have been buried at Winchester in the +choir of the cathedral there. + +2. _Henry_, youngest son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, and _grandson_ of the +Conqueror, was accidentally slain in the New Forest. + +3. _William Rufus_, third son of the Conqueror, fell in a similar way and +in the same place. + +J. R. W. + +Bristol. + +_Saint Wilfred's Needle_ (Vol. v., pp. 510. 573.).--A very interesting +account of this curious crypt beneath the central tower of Ripon Cathedral +will be found in a pamphlet published twelve years ago, entitled +"_Sepulchri a Romanis Constructi infra Ecclesiam S. Wilfridi in civitate +Reponensi Descriptio Auctore Gul. D. Bruce_. London 1841." A copy is in the +library of the Society of Antiquaries, and another in the British Museum. + +D. W. + +_Frebord_ (Vol. v., p. 440.).--It may possibly assist the inquiries of your +correspondents SPES and P. M. M. to be informed that the right of Frebord +belongs to many estates in the midland counties. In some instances in +Leicestershire the claim extends from the boundary hedge of one lordship to +the extent of twenty-one feet over the land of the adjoining lordship; it +is here understood to represent a _deer's leap_, and is said to have been +given with the original grant of the manor, in order to secure to the lord +a right to take the deer he happened to shoot when in the act of leaping +from his domain into his neighbour's manor. + +KT. + +Aylestone. + +_Royd_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--The meaning of this word may be further +illustrated by reference to Swiss etymology and history. The great battle +of Naefels (April 9, 1388) is celebrated on the first Thursday of every +April, on the spot where the fiercest part of the struggle took place. +Mount _Ruti_, the meadow where the liberators of Switzerland met, on the +lake of the Four Cantons, and opposite Brunner, is called the Rutli: both +words being derived from a common root of common use in the formation of +names in German Switzerland, _Ruten-defricher_, "to clear;" or, _Ruthen_, +"to measure, gauge;" in short, "prepare for clearing;" whence, perhaps, our +_Ruthyn_ and Rutland. + +H. P. S. + +_Spy Wednesday_ (Vol. v., p. 511.).--Your correspondent MR. CHADWICK is +informed that the Wednesday in Holy Week, _i. e._ the Wednesday before +Easter Sunday, is called _Spy Wednesday_. The term has its origin in the +fact, that Judas made his compact with the Sanhedrim upon that day for the +betrayal of our Blessed Saviour. See Matthew, xxvi. 3, 4, 5. 14, 15, and +16. + +CEYREP. + +_Book of Jasher_ (Vol. v., pp. 415. 476. 524.).--Hartwell Horne, in his +_Introduction_ (vol. ii. part ii. pp. 132-138. ed. 1839), has with much +diligence exposed both Ilive's original forgery (1751) and the +"unacknowledged reprint" (1829). He adds: + + "There is also extant a Rabbinical Hebrew Book of Jasher printed at + _Venice_ in 1625, which is an explanation of the histories contained in + the Pentateuch and Joshua. Barlocci, in his _Biblioth. Rabbinica_, + states that it contains some curious but many fabulous things; and + particularly that this book was discovered at the time of the + destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in a certain place, in which an + old man was shut up, in whose possession a great number of Hebrew books + were found, and among them the Book of Jasher; which was first carried + into Spain, and preserved at Seville, whence finally it was taken to + Naples, where it was first published."--Vol. iii p. 934. + +{621} + +Is this the work published at New York in 1840? I suppose so: at least, if +"Prof. Noah" has been reproducing the _Bristol Book of Jasher_ (1829), he +can claim but little of the _justice and perfectness_ of his great +namesake. + +A. A. D. + +_Stearne's (not Hearne's) Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft_ (Vol. +v., p. 416.).--Of this tract, inquired after by MR. CLARKE, and which is +certainly one of the most extraordinary of all the treatises on Witchcraft, +the only copy I ever saw is the one I possess, and which I have fully +described in the notes to Pott's _Discovery of Witches_, printed for the +Chetham Society, p. 4. The Rev. Author was no theorist, but a thoroughly +practical man; having been an agent in finding and bringing to justice 200 +witches in the eastern counties. He has the subject so perfectly at his +fingers' ends, and discusses it so scientifically, that Hopkins sinks into +insignificance by the side of him. Pity it is that such a philanthropic +individual should have had occasion to complain: "In many places I never +received penny as yet, nor any am like, except that I should sue!!" + +JAS. CROSSLEY. + +_Lines on Chaucer_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--The lines should be quoted:-- + + "Britain's first poet, + Famous old Chaucer, + Swan-like, in dying + Sung his last song + When at his heart-strings + Death's hand was strong." + +They are taken from Hymn cxxiii. of _Hymns and Anthems_, London, C. Fox, +1841. + +[Gamma]. + +_Fairlop Oak_ (Vol. v., pp. 114. 471.).--Your correspondents J. B. COLMAN +and SHIRLEY HIBBERD will find much information relative to this oak and the +fair in a work with the following title: + + "Fairlop and its Founder, or Facts and Fun for the Forest Frolickers. + By a famed first Friday Fairgoer; contains Memoirs, Anecdotes, Poems, + Songs, &c., with the curious Will of Mr. Day, never before printed. A + very limited number printed. Tobham, Printed at Charles Clark's Private + Press. Fairlop's Friday, 1847." + +J. Russell Smith, 30. Soho Square, had several copies on sale some time +back. + +S. WISWOULD. + +_Boy Bishop at Eton_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--The festival of St. Hugh, +_Bishop_ (_Pontificis_) of Lincoln, was kept on November 17. + +For "Nihilensis," in the "Consuetudinarium Etonense," should be read +"Nicolatensis," as it stands in a Compatus of Winchester College, of the +date 1461: the Boy Bishop assuming his title on St. Nicholas' Day, Dec. 6, +and then performing his parody of Divine Offices for the first time; St. +Nicholas of Myra being, according to the legend, the patron of children. + +It is singular that, whereas, as in other foundations, the Feast of the +Holy Innocents was appointed for the mummeries of the Boy Bishop at +Winchester by the founder, it was forbidden at Eton and King's, although +the statutes of the latter were borrowed almost literally from those of +Wykeham. It would therefore appear that there was some local reason for the +exception. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +_Plague Stones--Mr. Mompesson_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--I should be sorry that +anything inaccurate was recorded in "N. & Q." respecting so eminently +worthy a person as the Rev. William Mompesson, Rector of Eyam during the +time that it was scourged by the plague in 1666, when, out of a population +of only 330, 259 died of the disorder. Mr. M. himself did not fall a +victim, as J. G. C. states; but his wife did, and her tomb remains to this +day. He was, indeed, an ornament to his sacred profession. He not only +stood by his flock in the hour of their visitation, but he obtained such an +influence during the panic that they entirely deferred to his judgment, and +remained, as he advised, within the village. He preached to them on Sundays +in the open air from a sort of natural pulpit in the rock, now called +Cucklet Church; and he established the water troughs, or _plague stones_, +into which the people dropped their money, in payment for the victuals that +were brought to them from the surrounding country. When in reward for his +devotedness the Deanery of Lincoln was offered him, he generously declined +it in favour of his friend Dr. Fuller, author of the _Worthies of England_, +who thus obtained the appointment. Mr. Mompesson was subsequently presented +to the living of Eakring in Notts, where he died in 1708. + +There has recently been discovered on the moor near Fullwood, by Sheffield, +a chalybeate spring, which flows into a small covered recess formed of +ashlar stone, and this stands just as it did when the wretched inhabitants +of Eyam, believing the water to have sanatory virtues, came to drink of it, +until a watch was placed on the spot by the Sheffield people, and they were +driven back to their infected homes. + +ALFRED GATTY. + +_Raleigh's Ring_ (Vol. v., p. 538.).--Sir Walter Raleigh's ring, which he +wore at the time of his execution, is, I believe, in the possession of +Capt. Edward James Blanckley, of the 6th Foot, now serving at the Cape of +Good Hope. It is an heirloom in the Blanckley family, of which Captain +Blanckley is the senior representative, who are directly descended from Sir +Walter, and have in their possession several interesting relics of their +great ancestor, viz. a curious tea-pot, and a state paper box of iron gilt +and red velvet. + +A DESCENDANT OF SIR WALTER'S. + +{622} + +_Pandecte, an entire Copy of the Bible_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--Your +correspondent C. H. has noticed this word; I send you a short account of +the Irish MSS. in the Bodleian Library, which I laid some time ago before +the Royal Irish Academy, and which is printed in their _Proceedings_, vol. +v. p. 162. I have there noticed a curious work by Oengus Cele De, or Oengus +the Culdee, a writer of the eighth century, in which the word _Pandecte_ +(or, as the Irish scribe spells it, _Pantecte_) is used in the same sense +as that in which Alcuin employs it, for the _Bibliotheca_, or Bible of St. +Jerome. + +I have marked the passage, pp. 9, 10. of the enclosed paper, which if you +think it worth while you may insert. But perhaps it may be enough to refer +your readers to the above-mentioned volume of the _Proceedings of the Royal +Irish Academy_. + +JAS. H. TODD. + +Trin. Coll. Dublin. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +If among the writers of the present day there is one whose opinion with +regard to Robin Hood and the cycle of ballads of which that renowned outlaw +is the hero would be looked for with anxiety and received with respect, it +is the Rev. Joseph Hunter, a gentleman in whom are happily combined that +thorough historical and antiquarian knowledge, and that sound poetic taste +which are required to do justice to so interesting a theme. The +announcement, therefore, that the fourth of Mr. Hunter's _Critical and +Historical Tracts_ is entitled _The Great Hero of the Ancient Minstrelsy of +England, Robin Hood_. _His Period, real Character, &c., investigated, and +perhaps ascertained_, will be received with welcome by all who rejoice +"that the world was very guilty of such ballads some three ages since," and +who, loving them and their hero, would fain know something of the history +on which they are founded. Mr. Hunter dissents, and we think rightly, from +two popular and recent theories upon the subject,--the one, that which +elevates Robin Hood into the chief of a small body of Saxons impatient of +their subjection to the Norman rule; the other, that which reduces him to +one among the "personages of the early mythology of the Teutonic people." +Mr. Hunter, on the other hand, _identifies_ him with one "Robyn Hood" who +entered the service of Edward II. a little before Christmas 1323, and +continued therein somewhat less than a twelvemonth: + + "Alas then said good Robyn, + Alas and well a woo, + If I dwele longer with the kynge + Sorowe wyll me sloo:" + +and the evidence which he adduces in favour of our popular hero having been +one of the _Contrariantes_ of the reign of the Second Edward; and the +coincidences which he points out between the minstrel testimony of the +_Little Geste_ and the testimony of records of different kinds and lying in +different places, will, we are sure, be read with great interest even by +those who may not think that our author has quite succeeded in unmasking +the "Junius" of those olden times. + +_Richmondshire, its Ancient Lords and Edifices: a Concise Guide to the +Localities of Interest to the Tourist and Antiquary; with short Notes of +Memorable Men_, by W. Hylton Longstaffe, is a pleasant, chatty, and amusing +guide to a beautiful locality, which the author describes as "the capital +of a land whose riches of romance are scarcely exceeded by any other in +England, the chosen seat of its own Earls, the Scropes, Fitzhughs, +Marmions; and those setters up and pullers down of kings, the richest, +noblest, and most prudent race of the North, the lordly Nevilles:" and +which as such may well tempt the tourist and antiquary to visit it during +the coming autumn. Those who do will find Mr. Longstaffe's little volume a +pleasant companion. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--The second volume of Charlotte A. Eaton's _Rome in the +Nineteenth Century, containing, a Complete Account of the Ruins of the +Ancient City, the Remains of the Middle Ages, and the Monuments of Modern +Times_, which completes this lady's excellent guide to the Eternal +City.--The second volume of Miss Thomasina Ross's well-executed translation +of Humboldt's _Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of +America during the Years 1799-1804_, is the new volume of Bohn's +_Scientific Library_.--_The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to +the Constitution and Course of Nature; to which are added Two Brief +Dissertations; on Personal Identity, and on the Nature of Virtue; and +Fifteen Sermons_, by Joseph Butler, D.C.L., _late Lord Bishop of +Durham_.--The new volume of Bohn's _Standard Library_ is deserving of +especial mention. It is a reprint of Bishop Halifax's Standard Edition, +with the addition of Analytical Introductions, and Notes by a Member of the +University of Oxford; and we have no doubt will be found a really useful +_popular_ edition, such as may allure to the careful study of one of the +best works in our language those minds which, without such help, might +shrink from the task. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +MAHON'S ENGLAND, 4 Vols. + +SCOTT'S LADY OF THE LAKE. + +---- LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL. + +---- MARMION. + + The original 4to. editions in boards. + +FLANAGAN ON THE ROUND TOWERS OF IRELAND. 4to. 1843. + +A NARRATIVE OF THE PROCEEDINGS IN THE DOUGLAS CAUSE. London, Griffin. 8vo. +1767. + +CLARE'S POEMS. Fcap. 8vo. Last edition. + +MALLET'S ELVIRA. + +MAGNA CHARTA; a Sermon at the Funeral of Lady Farewell, by George Newton. +London, 1661. + +CHAUCER'S POEMS. Vol. I. Aldine Edition. + +BIBLIA SACRA, Vulg. Edit., cum Commentar. Menochii. Alost and Ghent, 1826. +Vol. I. + +BARANTE, DUCS DE BOURGOGNE. Vols. I. and II. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd Edit. Paris. +Ladvocat, 1825. + +BIOGRAPHIA AMERICANA, by a Gentleman of Philadelphia. + +POTGIESERI DE CONDITIONE SERVORUM APUD GERMANOS. 8vo. Col. Agrip. + +THE COMEDIES OF SHADWELL may be had on application to the Publisher of "N. +& Q." + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +{623} + +Notices to Correspondents. + +REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Optical Phenomenon_--_The Number Seven_--_Exterior +Stoup (several)_--_Etymology of Fetch and Haberdasher_--_Passage in "As You +Like It"_--_The Name Charing_--_Etymology of Camarthen_--_Venit ad +Euphratem_--_Mexican Literature_--_Surname of Devil_--_Family Likenesses, +&c._--_Toad Eater_--_Lines on the Crawford Family_--_Algernon +Sydney_--_Monody on Death of Sir John Moore_--_Flanagan on the Round +Towers_--_Use of Slings by Early Britons_--_Giving the Sack_--_How the +ancient Irish crowned their Kings_--_Papal Seal_--_Plague +Stones_--_Wicliffe, &c._--_Mother Carey's Chickens_--_Cranes in +Storms_--_Unicorns, &c._ + +J. SMYTH (Dublin). _The line referred to_-- + + "_Fine_ by degrees, and beautifully less," + +_is from Prior's_ Henry and Emma. _See, for further illustration of it_, +"N. & Q.," No. 69., p. 154. + +L. H. I. T. _will find much illustration of the oft-quoted passage from +Sterne, "God tempers the wind," in our_ 1st Vol., pp. 211. 236. 325. 357. +418. + +W. Cl._'s Query respecting a remarkable experiment in our next._ + +LINES ON ENGLISH HISTORY. _We have forwarded to_ AN ENGLISH MOTHER one _of +the copies so kindly sent by_ E. C. _One we retain for our own use. The +lines forwarded by_ SEWARG _are very generally known: not so those inquired +by_ MÆRIS, _beginning_ + + "William and William, and Henry and Stephen, + And Henry the Second, to make the first even;" + +_and of which we should be very glad to receive a copy._ + +B. B. _We shall be very glad to see the_ Iter _to which our Correspondent +refers._ + +H. P. S., _who inquires for the author of_ + + "Tempora mutantur," &c., + +_is referred to our_ 1st Vol., pp. 234. 419. + +S. S. S. _Richard II. inherited the White Hart as a badge from his mother +Joan, the Fair Maid of Kent. The Red Rose was the badge of Henry IV._ + +SIRNAMES. _We have forwarded the curious list sent us by_ A.C.M., _and the +Notes by_ MISS BOCKETT _and_ E. H. A., _to_ MR. LOWER. + +ERRATA.--Page 477. col. 1. l. 43. and 46. for "Marco_n_cies," read +"Marco_u_cies;" l. 51., for "Montag_n_" read "Montag_u_;" col. 2 l. 1., for +"Robert_i_" read "Robert_o_." + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; + L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; + George Drew, Esq. + +_Consulting Counsel._--Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P. + +_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + +_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age £ s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., OPERATIVE CHEMISTS, 289. STRAND, +manufacture all the PURE chemicals used in this art; also Apparatus for the +Glass, Paper, and Daguerreotype Processes. Achromatic Lens and Camera from +35s. Instruction in the art. + +Agents for "Archer's Iodised Collodion and Improved Camera," which obviates +the necessity for a dark room. + +Electrotyping in all its branches. + +Chemical Cabinets for experimental and analytical purposes. Apparatus for +gold assaying, and instruction therein. + + * * * * * + + +CIGARS OF THE CHOICEST IMPORTATIONS at GREATLY REDUCED PRICES for CASH. The +First Class Brands. "Ptarga," "Flor Cabana," &c., 28s. per pound. British +Cigars from 8s. 6d. per pound. Lord Byron's, 14s. 6d., very fine flavour. +Genuine Latakia, 10s. 6d. per pound, delicious aroma. Every Description of +Eastern and American Tobaccos. Meerschaum Pipes, Cigar Cases, Stems, Porte +Monnaies, &c. &c. of the finest qualities, considerably under the Trade +Prices. + +J. F. VARLEY & CO., Importers. + +The HAVANNAH STORES, 364. Oxford Street, opposite the Princess's Theatre. + + * * * * * + + +MOURNING.--COURT, FAMILY, and COMPLIMENTARY.--The Proprietor of THE LONDON +GENERAL MOURNING WAREHOUSE begs respectfully to remind families whose +bereavements compel them to adopt Mourning Attire, that every article of +the very best description, requisite for a complete outfit of Mourning, may +be had at this Establishment at a moment's notice. + +ESTIMATES FOR SERVANTS' MOURNING, affording a great saving to families, are +furnished; whilst the habitual attendance of experienced assistants +(including dressmakers and milliners), enables them to suggest or supply +every necessary for the occasion, and suited to any grade or condition of +the community. WIDOWS' AND FAMILY MOURNING is always kept made up, and a +note, descriptive of the Mourning required, will insure its being sent +forthwith, either in Town or into the Country, and on the most Reasonable +Terms. + +W. C. JAY, 247-249. Regent Street. + + * * * * * + + +QUEENWOOD COLLEGE, NEAR STOCKBRIDGE, HANTS. + +_Principal_--GEORGE EDMONDSON. + +_Natural Philosophy._--Dr. John Tyndall, F.R.S., Foreign Member of the +Physical Society, Berlin. + +_Chemistry._--Dr. H. Debus, late Assistant in the Laboratory of Professor +Bunsen, and Chemical Lecturer in the University of Marburg. + +_Classics and History._--Mr. Henry Phelan, T. C. D. + +_Modern Languages and Foreign Literature._--Mr. John Haas, from M. de +Fellenberg's Institution, Hofwyl, Switzerland. + +_Geodesy._--Mr. Richard P. Wright. + +_Painting and Drawing._--Mr. Richard P. Wright. + +_English and Elementary Mathematics._--Mr. Henry Taylor, late Pupil of M. +de Fellenberg. + +_Music._--Mr. Cornwall. + +_Farm Superintendent._--Mr. Richard Davis--Farm, 800 acres. + +TERMS. + + For Pupils under 12 years of age 40l. per ann. + " from 12 to 16 50 " + " above 16 60 " + +For further information see Prospectuses, to be had of the Principal. + +The Second Session of 1852 commences on the 29th of July. + + * * * * * + + +Miss Agnes Strickland's + +NEW SERIES OF + +ROYAL FEMALE BIOGRAPHIES. + +LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH PRINCESSES CONNECTED WITH THE +REGAL SUCCESSION, in 6 vols., post 8vo., with Portraits and Historical +Vignettes, uniform with "Lives of the Queens of England," by the same +Author. Vols. I. and II. are published, price 10s. 6d. each, containing-- + +MARGARET TUDOR, Queen of James IV. + +MAGDALENE OF FRANCE, First Queen of James V. + +MARY of LORRAINE, second Queen of James V., and Mother of Mary Queen of +Scots. + +MARGARET DOUGLAS, Countess of Lennox, and Mother of Darnley. + +VOL. III. will contain the Life of MARY QUEEN of SCOTS. + + "Every step in Scotland is historical; the shades of the dead arise on + every side; the very rocks breathe. Miss Strickland's talents as a + writer, and turn of mind as an individual, in a peculiar manner fit her + for painting a historical gallery of the most illustrious or dignified + female characters in that land of chivalry and song."--_Blackwood's + Magazine._ + + WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, + Edinburgh and London. + + * * * * * + + +This day is published, price 8s., in post 8vo. cloth gilt, with numerous +engravings, + +THE CELT, THE ROMAN, and THE SAXON. A History of the early Inhabitants of +Britain down to the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. +Illustrated by the Ancient Remains brought to light by recent Research. By +THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. + + ARTHUR HALL, VIRTUE, & CO., + 25. Paternoster Row. + + * * * * * + + +TO BOOK BUYERS. + +Just published, Gratis and Post Free on application, + +THE EXETER BOOK CIRCULAR: being a Catalogue of Second-hand Books of all +Classes; comprising Theology, Classics, History, Biography, Voyages, and +Travels, &c. in good condition, and warranted perfect, now offered for sale +by ADAM HOLDEN, Exeter. + + * * * * * + + +{624} + +8vo., price 12s. + +A MANUAL OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, from the First to the Twelfth Century +inclusive. By the Rev. E. S. FOULKES, M.A., fellow and Tutor of Jesus +College, Oxford. + +The main plan of the work has been borrowed from Spanheim, a learned, +though certainly not unbiassed, writer of the seventeenth century; the +matter compiled from Spondanus and Spanheim, Mosheim and Fleury, Gieseler +and Döllinger, and others, who have been used too often to be specified, +unless when reference to them appeared desirable for the benefit of the +reader. Yet I believe I have never once trusted to them on a point +involving controversy, without examining their authorities. The one object +that I have had before me has been to condense facts, without either +garbling or omitting any that should be noticed in a work like the present, +and to give a fair and impartial view of the whole state of the +case.--_Preface._ + + "An epitomist of Church History has a task of no ordinary greatness.... + He must combine the rich faculties of condensation and analysis, of + judgment in the selection of materials, and calmness in the expression + of opinions, with that most excellent gift of faith, so especially + precious to Church historians, which implies a love for the Catholic + cause, a reverence for its saintly champions, an abhorrence of the + misdeeds which have defiled it, and a confidence that its 'truth is + great, and will prevail.' + + "And among other qualifications which may justly be attributed to the + author of the work before us, this last and highest is particularly + observable. He writes in a spirit of manly faith, and is not afraid of + facing 'the horrors and uncertainties,' which, to use his own words, + are to be found in Church history."--_From the Scottish Ecclesiastical + Journal, May, 1852._ + +JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London. + + * * * * * + + +THE HISTORY of the PAINTERS OF ALL NATIONS. Now ready, the First Part of a +Magnificent Work in Quarto, under the above title, printed on the best +paper, and produced in the most perfect style of Typography, containing THE +LIFE OF MURILLO, with a Portrait, and Eight Specimens of his choicest +Works, including the "Conception of the Virgin," lately purchased by the +French Government for the sum of 23,440l. This beautiful Work, to the +preparation of which many years have already been devoted, will comprise +the "Lives of the Greatest Masters" of the Flemish, Dutch, Italian, +Spanish, English, French and German Schools, with their Portraits, and +Specimens of their most Celebrated Works, from Drawings and Engravings by +the first Artists of England and France. The Editorship of the Work has +been confided to MR. M. DIGBY WYATT, Author of "The Industrial Arts of the +Nineteenth Century," &c. &c., whose deep study of the Fine Arts, as well as +of the connexion which should exist between their culture and industrial +progress, will enable him to confer a utilitarian value upon the Work by a +judicious arrangement of the whole, and the supply of Original Notes and +Contributions. + +The Parts will appear on the First of every Month, at 2s. each; and will be +supplied through every Bookseller in Town and Country. + +JOHN CASSELL, Ludgate Hill, London. + + * * * * * + + +In crown 8vo. with Woodcuts, price 14s. cloth, + +THE GREAT EXHIBITION and LONDON in 1851 review by DR. LARDNER, &c. + + "An instructive and varied memento of the Great + Exhibition."--_Spectator._ + + "Dr. Lardner's book is not so much a detailed account of the objects + exhibited, or all the facts concerning that remarkable display, as + essays on several branches of art illustrated by objects that were in + the Exhibition. His work will be long valuable as a record of the + progress of knowledge. It has much scientific accuracy without its + harshness."--_Economist._ + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +THE TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY. + +On Wednesday, June 30, will be published, in 16mo. price 1s. + +THE NATURAL HISTORY of CREATION. By T. LINDLEY KEMP, M.D., Author of +"Agricultural Physiology," &c. + +Also, on the same day, in 16mo., price 1s., + +BRITTANY and the BIBLE: With remarks on the French People and their +Affairs. By I. HOPE. + +*** The above works will form the 23d and 24th Parts of THE TRAVELLER'S +LIBRARY. + +Just published in this Series, + +Mrs. JAMESON'S SKETCHES in CANADA and RAMBLES among the RED MEN. Price 2s. +6d.; or in Two Parts, 1s. each. + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +NEW EDITION, CORRECTED TO 1852. + +Just published, in 1 vol. 8vo. with woodcuts, price 3l. cloth; or 3l. 5s. +half-bound in Russia, with flexible back. + +BRANDE'S DICTIONARY of SCIENCE, LITERATURE, and ART: Second Edition, +corrected; with a Supplement, containing numerous Additions, together with +the chief Scientific Terms, Processes, and Improvements that have come into +general use since the Publication of the First Edition. + +*** The Supplement may be had separately, price 3s. 6d. + + "Professor BRANDE'S valuable DICTIONARY has reached a Second Edition; + and is rendered still more valuable by a Supplement, which extends the + original 1,343 pages to nearly a hundred more, in which some of the + latest discoveries are very fully treated of. We may cite, for + instance, the accounts given of the screw propelling power and the + tubular bridges."--_Examiner._ + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +In 1 vol., medium 8vo., price 14s. cloth, + +DR. ROGET'S THESAURUS of ENGLISH WORDS and PHRASES Classified and Arranged +as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and assist in Literary +Composition. + + "There cannot be the slightest doubt that, upon the whole, it is one of + the most learned as well as one of the most admirable contributions + that have been made to philology in this country since the 'Hermes' of + Harris, and the 'Diversions of Purley' by Horne Tooke."--_Observer._ + + "Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus' will be found a most useful supplement to our + ordinary English dictionaries. Its value will be most recognised by + those who are best acquainted with the language, and best practised in + its use. The mere arrangement of the groups of words, unaccompanied by + definitions, suggests often various ideas associated with the different + expressions. In such practical operation as translation from a foreign + language, the utility of such a Thesaurus is obvious."--_Literary + Gazette._ + + "The man who in writing cannot find the fit word to express a thought, + may, if it please him, take down Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus,' look for the + class containing any word of similar idea, and there he will find a + miscellaneous collection, as complete as the compiler could make it, of + words and phrases from which he may employ his tact to pick the + syllables that suit him best.... The practical employer of the book + will be directed to the object of his search by a full Synopsis of + Categories at the beginning, or a very ample alphabetical index of + words placed at the end, occupying 170 three-columned pages. The + philosophic student of the English language may undoubtedly pick up + many ideas from the grouping of our words and vulgarisms here + attempted, and attempted with a great deal of success."--_Examiner._ + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +BOOK PLATES.--Heraldic Queries answered; Family Arms found, and every +information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2s. 6d.; Painting ditto, 5s.; Book +Plate Crest, 5s.; Arms, &c. from 20s.; Crest on Card Plate, and One Hundred +Cards, 8s.; Queries answered for 1s. Saxon, Mediæval, and Modern Style Book +Plates. The best Authorities and MS. Books of thirty-five years' practice +consulted. Heraldic Stamps for Linen or Books, with reversed Cyphers and +Crests. Apply, if by letter, enclosing stamps or post-office order, to +JAMES FRISWELL (Son-in-law to J. Rumley, publisher of "The Crest Book," +"Heraldic Illustrations"), Heraldic Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, Holborn. + + * * * * * + + +Foolscap 8vo. price 6s. + +THE PRACTICAL WORKING of THE CHURCH OF SPAIN. By the Rev. FREDERICK +MEYRICK, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. + + "Pleasant meadows, happy peasants, all holy monks, all holy priests, + holy every body. Such charity and such unity, when every man was a + Catholic. I once believed in this Utopia myself but when tested by + stern facts, it all melts away like dream."--_A. Welby Pugin._ + + "The revelations made by such writers as Mr. Meyrick in Spain and Mr. + Gladstone in Italy, have at least vindicated for the Church of England + a providential and morally defined position, mission, and purpose in + the Catholic Church."--_Morning Chronicle._ + + "Two valuable works ... to the truthfulness of which we are glad to add + our own testimony: one, and the most important, is Mr. Meyrick's + 'Practical Working of the Church of Spain.' This is the experience--and + it is the experience of every Spanish traveller--of a thoughtful + person, as to the lamentable results of unchecked Romanism. Here is the + solid substantial fact. Spain is divided between ultra-infidelity and + what is so closely akin to actual idolatry, that it can only be + controversially, not practically, distinguished from it: and over all + hangs a lurid cloud of systematic immorality, simply frightful to + contemplate. We can offer a direct, and even personal, testimony to all + that Mr. Meyrick has to say."--_Christian Remembrancer._ + + "I wish to recommend it strongly."--_T. K. Arnold's Theological + Critic._ + + "Many passing travellers have thrown more or less light upon the state + of Romanism and Christianity in Spain, according to their objects and + opportunities; but we suspect these 'workings' are the fullest, the + most natural, and the most trustworthy, of anything that has appeared + upon the subject since the time of Blanco White's + Confessions."--_Spectator._ + + "This honest exposition of the practical working of Romanism in Spain, + of its everyday effects, not its canons and theories, deserves the + careful study of all, who, unable to test the question abroad, are + dazzled by the distant mirage with which the Vatican mocks many a + yearning soul that thirsts after water-brooks pure and + full."--_Literary Gazette._ + +JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London. + + * * * * * + + +Black-letter Rarities and other Curious Books. Four Days' Sale. + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on THURSDAY, July 1, and +three following days, a Portion of the EARLY-PRINTED ENGLISH BOOKS from the +LIBRARY of a well-known COLLECTOR, removing from Islington; among them many +of considerable rarity, some interesting and highly curious English +Poetical and other Manuscripts of early date, some Autograph Papers and +Miscellaneous Collections, formerly in the Libraries of the Rev. Joseph +Ames, F.S.A., the Rev. John Lewis, F.S.A., and Sir Peter Thompson, F.S.A., +F.R.S.; also many Interesting and Rare Works relating to America and the +Indies, &c. + +Catalogues will be sent on application (if in the Country, on receipt of +six postage stamps). + + * * * * * + + + Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. + New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; + and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish + of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. + 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 26, 1852. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 139, June +26, 1852, by Various + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42780 *** |