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diff --git a/5906-h/5906-h.htm b/5906-h/5906-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..611b61c --- /dev/null +++ b/5906-h/5906-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1895 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> +<head> +<title>THE HISTORY OF DON QUIXOTE, By Cervantes, Vol.I., Part 4.</title> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> + +<style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {background:#faebd7; margin:10%; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; + margin-top: .75em; + margin-bottom: .75em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; } + HR { width: 33%; text-align: center; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; } + .figleft {float: left;} + .figright {float: right;} + .toc { margin-left: 15%; margin-bottom: 0em;} + CENTER { padding: 10px;} + PRE { font-family: Times; font-size: 97%; margin-left: 15%;} + // --> +</style> + + +</head> +<body> + +<h2>THE HISTORY OF DON QUIXOTE, Vol.I., Part 4.</h2> +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., Part 4. +by Miguel de Cervantes + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., Part 4. + +Author: Miguel de Cervantes + +Release Date: July 17, 2004 [EBook #5906] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DON QUIXOTE, PART 4 *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + + + + +<br> +<hr> +<br><br><br><br><br><br> + + + + +<center> +<h1>DON QUIXOTE</h1> +<br> +<h2>by Miguel de Cervantes</h2> +<br> +<h3>Translated by John Ormsby</h3> +</center> + +<br><br> + +<center><h3> +Volume I., Part 4. +<br><br> +Chapters 9-13 +</h3></center> + +<br><br> +<center> +<img alt="bookcover.jpg (230K)" src="images/bookcover.jpg" height="842" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/bookcover.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"> +</a> +<br><br><br><br> + +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="spine.jpg (152K)" src="images/spine.jpg" height="842" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/spine.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"> +</a> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<h3>Ebook Editor's Note</h3> + +<blockquote><blockquote><blockquote><blockquote> +<p>The book cover and spine above and the images which follow were not part of the original Ormsby +translation—they are taken from the 1880 edition of J. W. Clark, illustrated by +Gustave Dore. Clark in his edition states that, "The English text of 'Don Quixote' +adopted in this edition is that of Jarvis, with occasional corrections from Motteaux." +See in the introduction below John Ormsby's critique of +both the Jarvis and Motteaux translations. It has been elected in the present Project Gutenberg edition +to attach the famous engravings of Gustave Dore to the Ormsby translation instead +of the Jarvis/Motteaux. The detail of many of the Dore engravings can be fully appreciated only +by utilizing the "Enlarge" button to expand them to their original dimensions. Ormsby +in his Preface has criticized the fanciful nature of Dore's illustrations; others feel +these woodcuts and steel engravings well match Quixote's dreams. + + D.W.</p> +</blockquote></blockquote></blockquote></blockquote> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<br><br><br><br> +<center> +<img alt="p003.jpg (307K)" src="images/p003.jpg" height="813" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/p003.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"> +</a> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<center><h2>CONTENTS</h2></center> + + +<pre> + +<a href="#ch9">CHAPTER IX</a> +IN WHICH IS CONCLUDED AND FINISHED THE TERRIFIC BATTLE +BETWEEN THE GALLANT BISCAYAN AND THE VALIANT MANCHEGAN + +<a href="#ch10">CHAPTER X</a> +OF THE PLEASANT DISCOURSE THAT PASSED BETWEEN DON QUIXOTE +AND HIS SQUIRE SANCHO PANZA + +<a href="#ch11">CHAPTER XI</a> +OF WHAT BEFELL DON QUIXOTE WITH CERTAIN GOATHERDS + +<a href="#ch12">CHAPTER XII</a> +OF WHAT A GOATHERD RELATED TO THOSE WITH DON QUIXOTE + +<a href="#ch13">CHAPTER XIII</a> +IN WHICH IS ENDED THE STORY OF THE SHEPHERDESS MARCELA, +WITH OTHER INCIDENTS + +</pre> + +<br><br><br><br> + + + + +<br><br> +<center><h2><a name="ch9"></a>CHAPTER IX.</h2></center> +<br> +<center><h3>IN WHICH IS CONCLUDED AND FINISHED THE TERRIFIC BATTLE BETWEEN THE +GALLANT BISCAYAN AND THE VALIANT MANCHEGAN +</h3></center> +<br> + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c09a"></a><img alt="c09a.jpg (142K)" src="images/c09a.jpg" height="447" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c09a.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>In the First Part of this history we left the valiant Biscayan and +the renowned Don Quixote with drawn swords uplifted, ready to +deliver two such furious slashing blows that if they had fallen full +and fair they would at least have split and cleft them asunder from +top to toe and laid them open like a pomegranate; and at this so +critical point the delightful history came to a stop and stood cut +short without any intimation from the author where what was missing +was to be found.</p> + +<p>This distressed me greatly, because the pleasure derived from having +read such a small portion turned to vexation at the thought of the +poor chance that presented itself of finding the large part that, so +it seemed to me, was missing of such an interesting tale. It +appeared to me to be a thing impossible and contrary to all +precedent that so good a knight should have been without some sage +to undertake the task of writing his marvellous achievements; a +thing that was never wanting to any of those knights-errant who, +they say, went after adventures; for every one of them had one or +two sages as if made on purpose, who not only recorded their deeds but +described their most trifling thoughts and follies, however secret +they might be; and such a good knight could not have been so +unfortunate as not to have what Platir and others like him had in +abundance. And so I could not bring myself to believe that such a +gallant tale had been left maimed and mutilated, and I laid the +blame on Time, the devourer and destroyer of all things, that had +either concealed or consumed it.</p> + +<p>On the other hand, it struck me that, inasmuch as among his books +there had been found such modern ones as "The Enlightenment of +Jealousy" and the "Nymphs and Shepherds of Henares," his story must +likewise be modern, and that though it might not be written, it +might exist in the memory of the people of his village and of those in +the neighbourhood. This reflection kept me perplexed and longing to +know really and truly the whole life and wondrous deeds of our +famous Spaniard, Don Quixote of La Mancha, light and mirror of +Manchegan chivalry, and the first that in our age and in these so evil +days devoted himself to the labour and exercise of the arms of +knight-errantry, righting wrongs, succouring widows, and protecting +damsels of that sort that used to ride about, whip in hand, on their +palfreys, with all their virginity about them, from mountain to +mountain and valley to valley—for, if it were not for some ruffian, +or boor with a hood and hatchet, or monstrous giant, that forced them, +there were in days of yore damsels that at the end of eighty years, in +all which time they had never slept a day under a roof, went to +their graves as much maids as the mothers that bore them. I say, then, +that in these and other respects our gallant Don Quixote is worthy +of everlasting and notable praise, nor should it be withheld even from +me for the labour and pains spent in searching for the conclusion of +this delightful history; though I know well that if Heaven, chance and +good fortune had not helped me, the world would have remained deprived +of an entertainment and pleasure that for a couple of hours or so +may well occupy him who shall read it attentively. The discovery of it +occurred in this way.</p> + +<p>One day, as I was in the Alcana of Toledo, a boy came up to sell +some pamphlets and old papers to a silk mercer, and, as I am fond of +reading even the very scraps of paper in the streets, led by this +natural bent of mine I took up one of the pamphlets the boy had for +sale, and saw that it was in characters which I recognised as +Arabic, and as I was unable to read them though I could recognise +them, I looked about to see if there were any Spanish-speaking Morisco +at hand to read them for me; nor was there any great difficulty in +finding such an interpreter, for even had I sought one for an older +and better language I should have found him. In short, chance provided +me with one, who when I told him what I wanted and put the book into +his hands, opened it in the middle and after reading a little in it +began to laugh. I asked him what he was laughing at, and he replied +that it was at something the book had written in the margin by way +of a note. I bade him tell it to me; and he still laughing said, "In +the margin, as I told you, this is written: 'This Dulcinea del +Toboso so often mentioned in this history, had, they say, the best +hand of any woman in all La Mancha for salting pigs.'"</p> + +<p>When I heard Dulcinea del Toboso named, I was struck with surprise +and amazement, for it occurred to me at once that these pamphlets +contained the history of Don Quixote. With this idea I pressed him +to read the beginning, and doing so, turning the Arabic offhand into +Castilian, he told me it meant, "History of Don Quixote of La +Mancha, written by Cide Hamete Benengeli, an Arab historian." It +required great caution to hide the joy I felt when the title of the +book reached my ears, and snatching it from the silk mercer, I +bought all the papers and pamphlets from the boy for half a real; +and if he had had his wits about him and had known how eager I was for +them, he might have safely calculated on making more than six reals by +the bargain. I withdrew at once with the Morisco into the cloister +of the cathedral, and begged him to turn all these pamphlets that +related to Don Quixote into the Castilian tongue, without omitting +or adding anything to them, offering him whatever payment he +pleased. He was satisfied with two arrobas of raisins and two +bushels of wheat, and promised to translate them faithfully and with +all despatch; but to make the matter easier, and not to let such a +precious find out of my hands, I took him to my house, where in little +more than a month and a half he translated the whole just as it is set +down here.</p> + +<p>In the first pamphlet the battle between Don Quixote and the +Biscayan was drawn to the very life, they planted in the same attitude +as the history describes, their swords raised, and the one protected +by his buckler, the other by his cushion, and the Biscayan's mule so +true to nature that it could be seen to be a hired one a bowshot +off. The Biscayan had an inscription under his feet which said, "Don +Sancho de Azpeitia," which no doubt must have been his name; and at +the feet of Rocinante was another that said, "Don Quixote." +Rocinante was marvellously portrayed, so long and thin, so lank and +lean, with so much backbone and so far gone in consumption, that he +showed plainly with what judgment and propriety the name of +Rocinante had been bestowed upon him. Near him was Sancho Panza +holding the halter of his ass, at whose feet was another label that +said, "Sancho Zancas," and according to the picture, he must have +had a big belly, a short body, and long shanks, for which reason, no +doubt, the names of Panza and Zancas were given him, for by these +two surnames the history several times calls him. Some other +trifling particulars might be mentioned, but they are all of slight +importance and have nothing to do with the true relation of the +history; and no history can be bad so long as it is true.</p> + +<p>If against the present one any objection be raised on the score of +its truth, it can only be that its author was an Arab, as lying is a +very common propensity with those of that nation; though, as they +are such enemies of ours, it is conceivable that there were +omissions rather than additions made in the course of it. And this +is my own opinion; for, where he could and should give freedom to +his pen in praise of so worthy a knight, he seems to me deliberately +to pass it over in silence; which is ill done and worse contrived, for +it is the business and duty of historians to be exact, truthful, and +wholly free from passion, and neither interest nor fear, hatred nor +love, should make them swerve from the path of truth, whose mother +is history, rival of time, storehouse of deeds, witness for the +past, example and counsel for the present, and warning for the future. +In this I know will be found all that can be desired in the +pleasantest, and if it be wanting in any good quality, I maintain it +is the fault of its hound of an author and not the fault of the +subject. To be brief, its Second Part, according to the translation, +began in this way:</p> + +<p>With trenchant swords upraised and poised on high, it seemed as +though the two valiant and wrathful combatants stood threatening +heaven, and earth, and hell, with such resolution and determination +did they bear themselves. The fiery Biscayan was the first to strike a +blow, which was delivered with such force and fury that had not the +sword turned in its course, that single stroke would have sufficed +to put an end to the bitter struggle and to all the adventures of +our knight; but that good fortune which reserved him for greater +things, turned aside the sword of his adversary, so that although it +smote him upon the left shoulder, it did him no more harm than to +strip all that side of its armour, carrying away a great part of his +helmet with half of his ear, all which with fearful ruin fell to the +ground, leaving him in a sorry plight.</p> + +<p>Good God! Who is there that could properly describe the rage that +filled the heart of our Manchegan when he saw himself dealt with in +this fashion? All that can be said is, it was such that he again +raised himself in his stirrups, and, grasping his sword more firmly +with both hands, he came down on the Biscayan with such fury, +smiting him full over the cushion and over the head, that—even so +good a shield proving useless—as if a mountain had fallen on him, +he began to bleed from nose, mouth, and ears, reeling as if about to +fall backwards from his mule, as no doubt he would have done had he +not flung his arms about its neck; at the same time, however, he +slipped his feet out of the stirrups and then unclasped his arms, +and the mule, taking fright at the terrible blow, made off across +the plain, and with a few plunges flung its master to the ground. +Don Quixote stood looking on very calmly, and, when he saw him fall, +leaped from his horse and with great briskness ran to him, and, +presenting the point of his sword to his eyes, bade him surrender, +or he would cut his head off. The Biscayan was so bewildered that he +was unable to answer a word, and it would have gone hard with him, +so blind was Don Quixote, had not the ladies in the coach, who had +hitherto been watching the combat in great terror, hastened to where +he stood and implored him with earnest entreaties to grant them the +great grace and favour of sparing their squire's life; to which Don +Quixote replied with much gravity and dignity, "In truth, fair ladies, +I am well content to do what ye ask of me; but it must be on one +condition and understanding, which is that this knight promise me to +go to the village of El Toboso, and on my behalf present himself +before the peerless lady Dulcinea, that she deal with him as shall +be most pleasing to her."</p> + +<p>The terrified and disconsolate ladies, without discussing Don +Quixote's demand or asking who Dulcinea might be, promised that +their squire should do all that had been commanded.</p> + +<p>"Then, on the faith of that promise," said Don Quixote, "I shall +do him no further harm, though he well deserves it of me."</p> + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c09e"></a><img alt="c09e.jpg (61K)" src="images/c09e.jpg" height="421" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c09e.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + + + + +<br><br> +<center><h2><a name="ch10"></a>CHAPTER X.</h2></center> +<br> +<center><h3>OF THE PLEASANT DISCOURSE THAT PASSED BETWEEN DON QUIXOTE AND HIS +SQUIRE SANCHO PANZA +</h3></center> + +<br><br> +<center><a name="c10a"></a><img alt="c10a.jpg (91K)" src="images/c10a.jpg" height="379" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c10a.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Now by this time Sancho had risen, rather the worse for the handling +of the friars' muleteers, and stood watching the battle of his master, +Don Quixote, and praying to God in his heart that it might be his will +to grant him the victory, and that he might thereby win some island to +make him governor of, as he had promised. Seeing, therefore, that +the struggle was now over, and that his master was returning to +mount Rocinante, he approached to hold the stirrup for him, and, +before he could mount, he went on his knees before him, and taking his +hand, kissed it saying, "May it please your worship, Senor Don +Quixote, to give me the government of that island which has been won +in this hard fight, for be it ever so big I feel myself in +sufficient force to be able to govern it as much and as well as anyone +in the world who has ever governed islands."</p> + +<p>To which Don Quixote replied, "Thou must take notice, brother +Sancho, that this adventure and those like it are not adventures of +islands, but of cross-roads, in which nothing is got except a broken +head or an ear the less: have patience, for adventures will present +themselves from which I may make you, not only a governor, but +something more."</p> + +<p>Sancho gave him many thanks, and again kissing his hand and the +skirt of his hauberk, helped him to mount Rocinante, and mounting +his ass himself, proceeded to follow his master, who at a brisk +pace, without taking leave, or saying anything further to the ladies +belonging to the coach, turned into a wood that was hard by. Sancho +followed him at his ass's best trot, but Rocinante stepped out so +that, seeing himself left behind, he was forced to call to his +master to wait for him. Don Quixote did so, reining in Rocinante until +his weary squire came up, who on reaching him said, "It seems to me, +senor, it would be prudent in us to go and take refuge in some church, +for, seeing how mauled he with whom you fought has been left, it +will be no wonder if they give information of the affair to the Holy +Brotherhood and arrest us, and, faith, if they do, before we come +out of gaol we shall have to sweat for it."</p> + +<p>"Peace," said Don Quixote; "where hast thou ever seen or heard +that a knight-errant has been arraigned before a court of justice, +however many homicides he may have committed?"</p> + +<p>"I know nothing about omecils," answered Sancho, "nor in my life +have had anything to do with one; I only know that the Holy +Brotherhood looks after those who fight in the fields, and in that +other matter I do not meddle."</p> + +<p>"Then thou needst have no uneasiness, my friend," said Don +Quixote, "for I will deliver thee out of the hands of the Chaldeans, +much more out of those of the Brotherhood. But tell me, as thou +livest, hast thou seen a more valiant knight than I in all the known +world; hast thou read in history of any who has or had higher mettle +in attack, more spirit in maintaining it, more dexterity in wounding +or skill in overthrowing?"</p> + +<p>"The truth is," answered Sancho, "that I have never read any +history, for I can neither read nor write, but what I will venture +to bet is that a more daring master than your worship I have never +served in all the days of my life, and God grant that this daring be +not paid for where I have said; what I beg of your worship is to dress +your wound, for a great deal of blood flows from that ear, and I +have here some lint and a little white ointment in the alforjas."</p> + +<p>"All that might be well dispensed with," said Don Quixote, "if I had +remembered to make a vial of the balsam of Fierabras, for time and +medicine are saved by one single drop."</p> + +<p>"What vial and what balsam is that?" said Sancho Panza.</p> + +<p>"It is a balsam," answered Don Quixote, "the receipt of which I have +in my memory, with which one need have no fear of death, or dread +dying of any wound; and so when I make it and give it to thee thou +hast nothing to do when in some battle thou seest they have cut me +in half through the middle of the body—as is wont to happen +frequently,—but neatly and with great nicety, ere the blood +congeal, to place that portion of the body which shall have fallen +to the ground upon the other half which remains in the saddle, +taking care to fit it on evenly and exactly. Then thou shalt give me +to drink but two drops of the balsam I have mentioned, and thou +shalt see me become sounder than an apple."</p> + +<p>"If that be so," said Panza, "I renounce henceforth the government +of the promised island, and desire nothing more in payment of my +many and faithful services than that your worship give me the +receipt of this supreme liquor, for I am persuaded it will be worth +more than two reals an ounce anywhere, and I want no more to pass +the rest of my life in ease and honour; but it remains to be told if +it costs much to make it."</p> + +<p>"With less than three reals, six quarts of it may be made," said Don +Quixote.</p> + +<p>"Sinner that I am!" said Sancho, "then why does your worship put off +making it and teaching it to me?"</p> + +<p>"Peace, friend," answered Don Quixote; "greater secrets I mean to +teach thee and greater favours to bestow upon thee; and for the +present let us see to the dressing, for my ear pains me more than I +could wish."</p> + +<p>Sancho took out some lint and ointment from the alforjas; but when +Don Quixote came to see his helmet shattered, he was like to lose +his senses, and clapping his hand upon his sword and raising his +eyes to heaven, be said, "I swear by the Creator of all things and the +four Gospels in their fullest extent, to do as the great Marquis of +Mantua did when he swore to avenge the death of his nephew Baldwin +(and that was not to eat bread from a table-cloth, nor embrace his +wife, and other points which, though I cannot now call them to mind, I +here grant as expressed) until I take complete vengeance upon him +who has committed such an offence against me."</p> + +<p>Hearing this, Sancho said to him, "Your worship should bear in mind, +Senor Don Quixote, that if the knight has done what was commanded +him in going to present himself before my lady Dulcinea del Toboso, he +will have done all that he was bound to do, and does not deserve +further punishment unless he commits some new offence."</p> + +<p>"Thou hast said well and hit the point," answered Don Quixote; and +so I recall the oath in so far as relates to taking fresh vengeance on +him, but I make and confirm it anew to lead the life I have said until +such time as I take by force from some knight another helmet such as +this and as good; and think not, Sancho, that I am raising smoke +with straw in doing so, for I have one to imitate in the matter, since +the very same thing to a hair happened in the case of Mambrino's +helmet, which cost Sacripante so dear."</p> + +<p>"Senor," replied Sancho, "let your worship send all such oaths to +the devil, for they are very pernicious to salvation and prejudicial +to the conscience; just tell me now, if for several days to come we +fall in with no man armed with a helmet, what are we to do? Is the +oath to be observed in spite of all the inconvenience and discomfort +it will be to sleep in your clothes, and not to sleep in a house, +and a thousand other mortifications contained in the oath of that +old fool the Marquis of Mantua, which your worship is now wanting to +revive? Let your worship observe that there are no men in armour +travelling on any of these roads, nothing but carriers and carters, +who not only do not wear helmets, but perhaps never heard tell of them +all their lives."</p> + +<p>"Thou art wrong there," said Don Quixote, "for we shall not have +been above two hours among these cross-roads before we see more men in +armour than came to Albraca to win the fair Angelica."</p> + +<p>"Enough," said Sancho; "so be it then, and God grant us success, and +that the time for winning that island which is costing me so dear +may soon come, and then let me die."</p> + +<p>"I have already told thee, Sancho," said Don Quixote, "not to give +thyself any uneasiness on that score; for if an island should fail, +there is the kingdom of Denmark, or of Sobradisa, which will fit +thee as a ring fits the finger, and all the more that, being on +terra firma, thou wilt all the better enjoy thyself. But let us +leave that to its own time; see if thou hast anything for us to eat in +those alforjas, because we must presently go in quest of some castle +where we may lodge to-night and make the balsam I told thee of, for +I swear to thee by God, this ear is giving me great pain."</p> + +<p>"I have here an onion and a little cheese and a few scraps of +bread," said Sancho, "but they are not victuals fit for a valiant +knight like your worship."</p> + +<p>"How little thou knowest about it," answered Don Quixote; "I would +have thee to know, Sancho, that it is the glory of knights-errant to +go without eating for a month, and even when they do eat, that it +should be of what comes first to hand; and this would have been +clear to thee hadst thou read as many histories as I have, for, though +they are very many, among them all I have found no mention made of +knights-errant eating, unless by accident or at some sumptuous +banquets prepared for them, and the rest of the time they passed in +dalliance. And though it is plain they could not do without eating and +performing all the other natural functions, because, in fact, they +were men like ourselves, it is plain too that, wandering as they did +the most part of their lives through woods and wilds and without a +cook, their most usual fare would be rustic viands such as those +thou now offer me; so that, friend Sancho, let not that distress +thee which pleases me, and do not seek to make a new world or +pervert knight-errantry."</p> + +<p>"Pardon me, your worship," said Sancho, "for, as I cannot read or +write, as I said just now, I neither know nor comprehend the rules +of the profession of chivalry: henceforward I will stock the +alforjas with every kind of dry fruit for your worship, as you are a +knight; and for myself, as I am not one, I will furnish them with +poultry and other things more substantial."</p> + +<p>"I do not say, Sancho," replied Don Quixote, "that it is +imperative on knights-errant not to eat anything else but the fruits +thou speakest of; only that their more usual diet must be those, and +certain herbs they found in the fields which they knew and I know +too."</p> + +<p>"A good thing it is," answered Sancho, "to know those herbs, for +to my thinking it will be needful some day to put that knowledge +into practice."</p> + +<p>And here taking out what he said he had brought, the pair made their +repast peaceably and sociably. But anxious to find quarters for the +night, they with all despatch made an end of their poor dry fare, +mounted at once, and made haste to reach some habitation before +night set in; but daylight and the hope of succeeding in their +object failed them close by the huts of some goatherds, so they +determined to pass the night there, and it was as much to Sancho's +discontent not to have reached a house, as it was to his master's +satisfaction to sleep under the open heaven, for he fancied that +each time this happened to him he performed an act of ownership that +helped to prove his chivalry.</p> + + + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c10e"></a><img alt="c10e.jpg (57K)" src="images/c10e.jpg" height="462" width="650"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + +<br><br> +<center><h2><a name="ch11"></a>CHAPTER XI.</h2></center> +<br> +<center><h3>WHAT BEFELL DON QUIXOTE WITH CERTAIN GOATHERDS +</h3></center> + +<br><br> +<center><a name="c11a"></a><img alt="c11a.jpg (173K)" src="images/c11a.jpg" height="460" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c11a.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<p>He was cordially welcomed by the goatherds, and Sancho, having as +best he could put up Rocinante and the ass, drew towards the fragrance +that came from some pieces of salted goat simmering in a pot on the +fire; and though he would have liked at once to try if they were ready +to be transferred from the pot to the stomach, he refrained from doing +so as the goatherds removed them from the fire, and laying +sheepskins on the ground, quickly spread their rude table, and with +signs of hearty good-will invited them both to share what they had. +Round the skins six of the men belonging to the fold seated +themselves, having first with rough politeness pressed Don Quixote +to take a seat upon a trough which they placed for him upside down. +Don Quixote seated himself, and Sancho remained standing to serve +the cup, which was made of horn. Seeing him standing, his master +said to him:</p> + +<p>"That thou mayest see, Sancho, the good that knight-errantry +contains in itself, and how those who fill any office in it are on the +high road to be speedily honoured and esteemed by the world, I +desire that thou seat thyself here at my side and in the company of +these worthy people, and that thou be one with me who am thy master +and natural lord, and that thou eat from my plate and drink from +whatever I drink from; for the same may be said of knight-errantry +as of love, that it levels all."</p> + +<p>"Great thanks," said Sancho, "but I may tell your worship that +provided I have enough to eat, I can eat it as well, or better, +standing, and by myself, than seated alongside of an emperor. And +indeed, if the truth is to be told, what I eat in my corner without +form or fuss has much more relish for me, even though it be bread +and onions, than the turkeys of those other tables where I am forced +to chew slowly, drink little, wipe my mouth every minute, and cannot +sneeze or cough if I want or do other things that are the privileges +of liberty and solitude. So, senor, as for these honours which your +worship would put upon me as a servant and follower of +knight-errantry, exchange them for other things which may be of more +use and advantage to me; for these, though I fully acknowledge them as +received, I renounce from this moment to the end of the world."</p> + +<p>"For all that," said Don Quixote, "thou must seat thyself, because +him who humbleth himself God exalteth;" and seizing him by the arm +he forced him to sit down beside himself.</p> + +<p>The goatherds did not understand this jargon about squires and +knights-errant, and all they did was to eat in silence and stare at +their guests, who with great elegance and appetite were stowing away +pieces as big as one's fist. The course of meat finished, they +spread upon the sheepskins a great heap of parched acorns, and with +them they put down a half cheese harder than if it had been made of +mortar. All this while the horn was not idle, for it went round so +constantly, now full, now empty, like the bucket of a water-wheel, +that it soon drained one of the two wine-skins that were in sight. +When Don Quixote had quite appeased his appetite he took up a +handful of the acorns, and contemplating them attentively delivered +himself somewhat in this fashion:</p> + +<p>"Happy the age, happy the time, to which the ancients gave the +name of golden, not because in that fortunate age the gold so +coveted in this our iron one was gained without toil, but because they +that lived in it knew not the two words "mine" and "thine"! In that +blessed age all things were in common; to win the daily food no labour +was required of any save to stretch forth his hand and gather it +from the sturdy oaks that stood generously inviting him with their +sweet ripe fruit. The clear streams and running brooks yielded their +savoury limpid waters in noble abundance. The busy and sagacious +bees fixed their republic in the clefts of the rocks and hollows of +the trees, offering without usance the plenteous produce of their +fragrant toil to every hand. The mighty cork trees, unenforced save of +their own courtesy, shed the broad light bark that served at first +to roof the houses supported by rude stakes, a protection against +the inclemency of heaven alone. Then all was peace, all friendship, +all concord; as yet the dull share of the crooked plough had not dared +to rend and pierce the tender bowels of our first mother that +without compulsion yielded from every portion of her broad fertile +bosom all that could satisfy, sustain, and delight the children that +then possessed her. Then was it that the innocent and fair young +shepherdess roamed from vale to vale and hill to hill, with flowing +locks, and no more garments than were needful modestly to cover what +modesty seeks and ever sought to hide. Nor were their ornaments like +those in use to-day, set off by Tyrian purple, and silk tortured in +endless fashions, but the wreathed leaves of the green dock and ivy, +wherewith they went as bravely and becomingly decked as our Court +dames with all the rare and far-fetched artifices that idle +curiosity has taught them. Then the love-thoughts of the heart clothed +themselves simply and naturally as the heart conceived them, nor +sought to commend themselves by forced and rambling verbiage. Fraud, +deceit, or malice had then not yet mingled with truth and sincerity. +Justice held her ground, undisturbed and unassailed by the efforts +of favour and of interest, that now so much impair, pervert, and beset +her. Arbitrary law had not yet established itself in the mind of the +judge, for then there was no cause to judge and no one to be judged. +Maidens and modesty, as I have said, wandered at will alone and +unattended, without fear of insult from lawlessness or libertine +assault, and if they were undone it was of their own will and +pleasure. But now in this hateful age of ours not one is safe, not +though some new labyrinth like that of Crete conceal and surround her; +even there the pestilence of gallantry will make its way to them +through chinks or on the air by the zeal of its accursed +importunity, and, despite of all seclusion, lead them to ruin. In +defence of these, as time advanced and wickedness increased, the order +of knights-errant was instituted, to defend maidens, to protect widows +and to succour the orphans and the needy. To this order I belong, +brother goatherds, to whom I return thanks for the hospitality and +kindly welcome ye offer me and my squire; for though by natural law +all living are bound to show favour to knights-errant, yet, seeing +that without knowing this obligation ye have welcomed and feasted +me, it is right that with all the good-will in my power I should thank +you for yours."</p> + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c11b"></a><img alt="c11b.jpg (349K)" src="images/c11b.jpg" height="831" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c11b.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + + +<p>All this long harangue (which might very well have been spared) +our knight delivered because the acorns they gave him reminded him +of the golden age; and the whim seized him to address all this +unnecessary argument to the goatherds, who listened to him gaping in +amazement without saying a word in reply. Sancho likewise held his +peace and ate acorns, and paid repeated visits to the second +wine-skin, which they had hung up on a cork tree to keep the wine +cool.</p> + +<p>Don Quixote was longer in talking than the supper in finishing, at +the end of which one of the goatherds said, "That your worship, +senor knight-errant, may say with more truth that we show you +hospitality with ready good-will, we will give you amusement and +pleasure by making one of our comrades sing: he will be here before +long, and he is a very intelligent youth and deep in love, and what is +more he can read and write and play on the rebeck to perfection."</p> + +<p>The goatherd had hardly done speaking, when the notes of the +rebeck reached their ears; and shortly after, the player came up, a +very good-looking young man of about two-and-twenty. His comrades +asked him if he had supped, and on his replying that he had, he who +had already made the offer said to him:</p> + +<p>"In that case, Antonio, thou mayest as well do us the pleasure of +singing a little, that the gentleman, our guest, may see that even +in the mountains and woods there are musicians: we have told him of +thy accomplishments, and we want thee to show them and prove that we +say true; so, as thou livest, pray sit down and sing that ballad about +thy love that thy uncle the prebendary made thee, and that was so much +liked in the town."</p> + +<p>"With all my heart," said the young man, and without waiting for +more pressing he seated himself on the trunk of a felled oak, and +tuning his rebeck, presently began to sing to these words.</p> + +<pre> + ANTONIO'S BALLAD + +Thou dost love me well, Olalla; + Well I know it, even though +Love's mute tongues, thine eyes, have never + By their glances told me so. + +For I know my love thou knowest, + Therefore thine to claim I dare: +Once it ceases to be secret, + Love need never feel despair. + +True it is, Olalla, sometimes + Thou hast all too plainly shown +That thy heart is brass in hardness, + And thy snowy bosom stone. + +Yet for all that, in thy coyness, + And thy fickle fits between, +Hope is there—at least the border + Of her garment may be seen. + +Lures to faith are they, those glimpses, + And to faith in thee I hold; +Kindness cannot make it stronger, + Coldness cannot make it cold. + +If it be that love is gentle, + In thy gentleness I see +Something holding out assurance + To the hope of winning thee. + +If it be that in devotion + Lies a power hearts to move, +That which every day I show thee, + Helpful to my suit should prove. + +Many a time thou must have noticed— + If to notice thou dost care— +How I go about on Monday + Dressed in all my Sunday wear. + +Love's eyes love to look on brightness; + Love loves what is gaily drest; +Sunday, Monday, all I care is + Thou shouldst see me in my best. + +No account I make of dances, + Or of strains that pleased thee so, +Keeping thee awake from midnight + Till the cocks began to crow; + +Or of how I roundly swore it + That there's none so fair as thou; +True it is, but as I said it, + By the girls I'm hated now. + +For Teresa of the hillside + At my praise of thee was sore; +Said, "You think you love an angel; + It's a monkey you adore; + +"Caught by all her glittering trinkets, + And her borrowed braids of hair, +And a host of made-up beauties + That would Love himself ensnare." + +'T was a lie, and so I told her, + And her cousin at the word +Gave me his defiance for it; + And what followed thou hast heard. + +Mine is no high-flown affection, + Mine no passion par amours— +As they call it—what I offer + Is an honest love, and pure. + +Cunning cords the holy Church has, + Cords of softest silk they be; +Put thy neck beneath the yoke, dear; + Mine will follow, thou wilt see. + +Else—and once for all I swear it + By the saint of most renown— +If I ever quit the mountains, + 'T will be in a friar's gown. +</pre> + +<p> +Here the goatherd brought his song to an end, and though Don Quixote +entreated him to sing more, Sancho had no mind that way, being more +inclined for sleep than for listening to songs; so said he to his +master, "Your worship will do well to settle at once where you mean to +pass the night, for the labour these good men are at all day does +not allow them to spend the night in singing."</p> + +<p>"I understand thee, Sancho," replied Don Quixote; "I perceive +clearly that those visits to the wine-skin demand compensation in +sleep rather than in music."</p> + +<p>"It's sweet to us all, blessed be God," said Sancho.</p> + +<p>"I do not deny it," replied Don Quixote; "but settle thyself where +thou wilt; those of my calling are more becomingly employed in +watching than in sleeping; still it would be as well if thou wert to +dress this ear for me again, for it is giving me more pain than it +need."</p> + +<p>Sancho did as he bade him, but one of the goatherds, seeing the +wound, told him not to be uneasy, as he would apply a remedy with +which it would be soon healed; and gathering some leaves of +rosemary, of which there was a great quantity there, he chewed them +and mixed them with a little salt, and applying them to the ear he +secured them firmly with a bandage, assuring him that no other +treatment would be required, and so it proved.</p> + + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c11e"></a><img alt="c11e.jpg (37K)" src="images/c11e.jpg" height="619" width="451"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + + + +<br><br> +<center><h2><a name="ch12"></a>CHAPTER XII.</h2></center> +<br> +<center><h3>OF WHAT A GOATHERD RELATED TO THOSE WITH DON QUIXOTE +</h3></center> + +<br><br> +<center><a name="c12a"></a><img alt="c12a.jpg (143K)" src="images/c12a.jpg" height="441" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c12a.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Just then another young man, one of those who fetched their +provisions from the village, came up and said, "Do you know what is +going on in the village, comrades?"</p> + +<p>"How could we know it?" replied one of them.</p> + +<p>"Well, then, you must know," continued the young man, "this +morning that famous student-shepherd called Chrysostom died, and it is +rumoured that he died of love for that devil of a village girl the +daughter of Guillermo the Rich, she that wanders about the wolds +here in the dress of a shepherdess."</p> + +<p>"You mean Marcela?" said one.</p> + +<p>"Her I mean," answered the goatherd; "and the best of it is, he +has directed in his will that he is to be buried in the fields like +a Moor, and at the foot of the rock where the Cork-tree spring is, +because, as the story goes (and they say he himself said so), that was +the place where he first saw her. And he has also left other +directions which the clergy of the village say should not and must not +be obeyed because they savour of paganism. To all which his great +friend Ambrosio the student, he who, like him, also went dressed as +a shepherd, replies that everything must be done without any +omission according to the directions left by Chrysostom, and about +this the village is all in commotion; however, report says that, after +all, what Ambrosio and all the shepherds his friends desire will be +done, and to-morrow they are coming to bury him with great ceremony +where I said. I am sure it will be something worth seeing; at least +I will not fail to go and see it even if I knew I should not return to +the village tomorrow."</p> + +<p>"We will do the same," answered the goatherds, "and cast lots to see +who must stay to mind the goats of all."</p> + +<p>"Thou sayest well, Pedro," said one, "though there will be no need +of taking that trouble, for I will stay behind for all; and don't +suppose it is virtue or want of curiosity in me; it is that the +splinter that ran into my foot the other day will not let me walk."</p> + +<p>"For all that, we thank thee," answered Pedro.</p> + +<p>Don Quixote asked Pedro to tell him who the dead man was and who the +shepherdess, to which Pedro replied that all he knew was that the dead +man was a wealthy gentleman belonging to a village in those mountains, +who had been a student at Salamanca for many years, at the end of +which he returned to his village with the reputation of being very +learned and deeply read. "Above all, they said, he was learned in +the science of the stars and of what went on yonder in the heavens and +the sun and the moon, for he told us of the cris of the sun and moon +to exact time."</p> + +<p>"Eclipse it is called, friend, not cris, the darkening of those +two luminaries," said Don Quixote; but Pedro, not troubling himself +with trifles, went on with his story, saying, "Also he foretold when +the year was going to be one of abundance or estility."</p> + +<p>"Sterility, you mean," said Don Quixote.</p> + +<p>"Sterility or estility," answered Pedro, "it is all the same in +the end. And I can tell you that by this his father and friends who +believed him grew very rich because they did as he advised them, +bidding them 'sow barley this year, not wheat; this year you may sow +pulse and not barley; the next there will be a full oil crop, and +the three following not a drop will be got.'"</p> + +<p>"That science is called astrology," said Don Quixote.</p> + +<p>"I do not know what it is called," replied Pedro, "but I know that +he knew all this and more besides. But, to make an end, not many +months had passed after he returned from Salamanca, when one day he +appeared dressed as a shepherd with his crook and sheepskin, having +put off the long gown he wore as a scholar; and at the same time his +great friend, Ambrosio by name, who had been his companion in his +studies, took to the shepherd's dress with him. I forgot to say that +Chrysostom, who is dead, was a great man for writing verses, so much +so that he made carols for Christmas Eve, and plays for Corpus +Christi, which the young men of our village acted, and all said they +were excellent. When the villagers saw the two scholars so +unexpectedly appearing in shepherd's dress, they were lost in +wonder, and could not guess what had led them to make so extraordinary +a change. About this time the father of our Chrysostom died, and he +was left heir to a large amount of property in chattels as well as +in land, no small number of cattle and sheep, and a large sum of +money, of all of which the young man was left dissolute owner, and +indeed he was deserving of it all, for he was a very good comrade, and +kind-hearted, and a friend of worthy folk, and had a countenance +like a benediction. Presently it came to be known that he had +changed his dress with no other object than to wander about these +wastes after that shepherdess Marcela our lad mentioned a while ago, +with whom the deceased Chrysostom had fallen in love. And I must +tell you now, for it is well you should know it, who this girl is; +perhaps, and even without any perhaps, you will not have heard +anything like it all the days of your life, though you should live +more years than sarna."</p> + +<p>"Say Sarra," said Don Quixote, unable to endure the goatherd's +confusion of words.</p> + +<p>"The sarna lives long enough," answered Pedro; "and if, senor, you +must go finding fault with words at every step, we shall not make an +end of it this twelvemonth."</p> + +<p>"Pardon me, friend," said Don Quixote; "but, as there is such a +difference between sarna and Sarra, I told you of it; however, you +have answered very rightly, for sarna lives longer than Sarra: so +continue your story, and I will not object any more to anything."</p> + +<p>"I say then, my dear sir," said the goatherd, "that in our village +there was a farmer even richer than the father of Chrysostom, who +was named Guillermo, and upon whom God bestowed, over and above +great wealth, a daughter at whose birth her mother died, the most +respected woman there was in this neighbourhood; I fancy I can see her +now with that countenance which had the sun on one side and the moon +on the other; and moreover active, and kind to the poor, for which I +trust that at the present moment her soul is in bliss with God in +the other world. Her husband Guillermo died of grief at the death of +so good a wife, leaving his daughter Marcela, a child and rich, to the +care of an uncle of hers, a priest and prebendary in our village. +The girl grew up with such beauty that it reminded us of her mother's, +which was very great, and yet it was thought that the daughter's would +exceed it; and so when she reached the age of fourteen to fifteen +years nobody beheld her but blessed God that had made her so +beautiful, and the greater number were in love with her past +redemption. Her uncle kept her in great seclusion and retirement, +but for all that the fame of her great beauty spread so that, as +well for it as for her great wealth, her uncle was asked, solicited, +and importuned, to give her in marriage not only by those of our +town but of those many leagues round, and by the persons of highest +quality in them. But he, being a good Christian man, though he desired +to give her in marriage at once, seeing her to be old enough, was +unwilling to do so without her consent, not that he had any eye to the +gain and profit which the custody of the girl's property brought him +while he put off her marriage; and, faith, this was said in praise +of the good priest in more than one set in the town. For I would +have you know, Sir Errant, that in these little villages everything is +talked about and everything is carped at, and rest assured, as I am, +that the priest must be over and above good who forces his +parishioners to speak well of him, especially in villages."</p> + +<p>"That is the truth," said Don Quixote; "but go on, for the story +is very good, and you, good Pedro, tell it with very good grace."</p> + +<p>"May that of the Lord not be wanting to me," said Pedro; "that is +the one to have. To proceed; you must know that though the uncle put +before his niece and described to her the qualities of each one in +particular of the many who had asked her in marriage, begging her to +marry and make a choice according to her own taste, she never gave any +other answer than that she had no desire to marry just yet, and that +being so young she did not think herself fit to bear the burden of +matrimony. At these, to all appearance, reasonable excuses that she +made, her uncle ceased to urge her, and waited till she was somewhat +more advanced in age and could mate herself to her own liking. For, +said he—and he said quite right—parents are not to settle children +in life against their will. But when one least looked for it, lo and +behold! one day the demure Marcela makes her appearance turned +shepherdess; and, in spite of her uncle and all those of the town that +strove to dissuade her, took to going a-field with the other +shepherd-lasses of the village, and tending her own flock. And so, +since she appeared in public, and her beauty came to be seen openly, I +could not well tell you how many rich youths, gentlemen and +peasants, have adopted the costume of Chrysostom, and go about these +fields making love to her. One of these, as has been already said, was +our deceased friend, of whom they say that he did not love but adore +her. But you must not suppose, because Marcela chose a life of such +liberty and independence, and of so little or rather no retirement, +that she has given any occasion, or even the semblance of one, for +disparagement of her purity and modesty; on the contrary, such and +so great is the vigilance with which she watches over her honour, that +of all those that court and woo her not one has boasted, or can with +truth boast, that she has given him any hope however small of +obtaining his desire. For although she does not avoid or shun the +society and conversation of the shepherds, and treats them courteously +and kindly, should any one of them come to declare his intention to +her, though it be one as proper and holy as that of matrimony, she +flings him from her like a catapult. And with this kind of disposition +she does more harm in this country than if the plague had got into it, +for her affability and her beauty draw on the hearts of those that +associate with her to love her and to court her, but her scorn and her +frankness bring them to the brink of despair; and so they know not +what to say save to proclaim her aloud cruel and hard-hearted, and +other names of the same sort which well describe the nature of her +character; and if you should remain here any time, senor, you would +hear these hills and valleys resounding with the laments of the +rejected ones who pursue her. Not far from this there is a spot +where there are a couple of dozen of tall beeches, and there is not +one of them but has carved and written on its smooth bark the name +of Marcela, and above some a crown carved on the same tree as though +her lover would say more plainly that Marcela wore and deserved that +of all human beauty. Here one shepherd is sighing, there another is +lamenting; there love songs are heard, here despairing elegies. One +will pass all the hours of the night seated at the foot of some oak or +rock, and there, without having closed his weeping eyes, the sun finds +him in the morning bemused and bereft of sense; and another without +relief or respite to his sighs, stretched on the burning sand in the +full heat of the sultry summer noontide, makes his appeal to the +compassionate heavens, and over one and the other, over these and all, +the beautiful Marcela triumphs free and careless. And all of us that +know her are waiting to see what her pride will come to, and who is to +be the happy man that will succeed in taming a nature so formidable +and gaining possession of a beauty so supreme. All that I have told +you being such well-established truth, I am persuaded that what they +say of the cause of Chrysostom's death, as our lad told us, is the +same. And so I advise you, senor, fail not to be present to-morrow +at his burial, which will be well worth seeing, for Chrysostom had +many friends, and it is not half a league from this place to where +he directed he should be buried."</p> + +<p>"I will make a point of it," said Don Quixote, "and I thank you +for the pleasure you have given me by relating so interesting a tale."</p> + +<p>"Oh," said the goatherd, "I do not know even the half of what has +happened to the lovers of Marcela, but perhaps to-morrow we may fall +in with some shepherd on the road who can tell us; and now it will +be well for you to go and sleep under cover, for the night air may +hurt your wound, though with the remedy I have applied to you there is +no fear of an untoward result."</p> + +<p>Sancho Panza, who was wishing the goatherd's loquacity at the devil, +on his part begged his master to go into Pedro's hut to sleep. He +did so, and passed all the rest of the night in thinking of his lady +Dulcinea, in imitation of the lovers of Marcela. Sancho Panza settled +himself between Rocinante and his ass, and slept, not like a lover +who had been discarded, but like a man who had been soundly kicked.</p> + + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c12e"></a><img alt="c12e.jpg (42K)" src="images/c12e.jpg" height="425" width="615"> +</center> +<br><br><br><br> + + + + +<br><br> +<center><h2><a name="ch13"></a>CHAPTER XIII.</h2></center> +<br> +<center><h3>IN WHICH IS ENDED THE STORY OF THE SHEPHERDESS MARCELA, WITH OTHER +INCIDENTS +</h3></center> +<br> + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c13a"></a><img alt="c13a.jpg (181K)" src="images/c13a.jpg" height="434" width="650"> +</center> +<a href="images/c13a.jpg" target="_blank"><img alt="Full Size" src="images/enlarge.jpg"></a> +<br><br><br><br> + +<p>Bit hardly had day begun to show itself through the balconies of the +east, when five of the six goatherds came to rouse Don Quixote and +tell him that if he was still of a mind to go and see the famous +burial of Chrysostom they would bear him company. Don Quixote, who +desired nothing better, rose and ordered Sancho to saddle and pannel +at once, which he did with all despatch, and with the same they all +set out forthwith. They had not gone a quarter of a league when at the +meeting of two paths they saw coming towards them some six shepherds +dressed in black sheepskins and with their heads crowned with garlands +of cypress and bitter oleander. Each of them carried a stout holly +staff in his hand, and along with them there came two men of quality +on horseback in handsome travelling dress, with three servants on foot +accompanying them. Courteous salutations were exchanged on meeting, +and inquiring one of the other which way each party was going, they +learned that all were bound for the scene of the burial, so they +went on all together.</p> + +<p>One of those on horseback addressing his companion said to him, +"It seems to me, Senor Vivaldo, that we may reckon as well spent the +delay we shall incur in seeing this remarkable funeral, for remarkable +it cannot but be judging by the strange things these shepherds have +told us, of both the dead shepherd and homicide shepherdess."</p> + +<p>"So I think too," replied Vivaldo, "and I would delay not to say a +day, but four, for the sake of seeing it."</p> + +<p>Don Quixote asked them what it was they had heard of Marcela and +Chrysostom. The traveller answered that the same morning they had +met these shepherds, and seeing them dressed in this mournful +fashion they had asked them the reason of their appearing in such a +guise; which one of them gave, describing the strange behaviour and +beauty of a shepherdess called Marcela, and the loves of many who +courted her, together with the death of that Chrysostom to whose +burial they were going. In short, he repeated all that Pedro had +related to Don Quixote.</p> + +<p>This conversation dropped, and another was commenced by him who +was called Vivaldo asking Don Quixote what was the reason that led him +to go armed in that fashion in a country so peaceful. To which Don +Quixote replied, "The pursuit of my calling does not allow or permit +me to go in any other fashion; easy life, enjoyment, and repose were +invented for soft courtiers, but toil, unrest, and arms were +invented and made for those alone whom the world calls knights-errant, +of whom I, though unworthy, am the least of all."</p> + +<p>The instant they heard this all set him down as mad, and the +better to settle the point and discover what kind of madness his +was, Vivaldo proceeded to ask him what knights-errant meant.</p> + +<p>"Have not your worships," replied Don Quixote, "read the annals +and histories of England, in which are recorded the famous deeds of +King Arthur, whom we in our popular Castilian invariably call King +Artus, with regard to whom it is an ancient tradition, and commonly +received all over that kingdom of Great Britain, that this king did +not die, but was changed by magic art into a raven, and that in +process of time he is to return to reign and recover his kingdom and +sceptre; for which reason it cannot be proved that from that time to +this any Englishman ever killed a raven? Well, then, in the time of +this good king that famous order of chivalry of the Knights of the +Round Table was instituted, and the amour of Don Lancelot of the +Lake with the Queen Guinevere occurred, precisely as is there related, +the go-between and confidante therein being the highly honourable dame +Quintanona, whence came that ballad so well known and widely spread in +our Spain—</p> + + +<pre> +O never surely was there knight + So served by hand of dame, +As served was he Sir Lancelot hight + When he from Britain came-- +</pre> + + +<p>with all the sweet and delectable course of his achievements in love +and war. Handed down from that time, then, this order of chivalry went +on extending and spreading itself over many and various parts of the +world; and in it, famous and renowned for their deeds, were the mighty +Amadis of Gaul with all his sons and descendants to the fifth +generation, and the valiant Felixmarte of Hircania, and the never +sufficiently praised Tirante el Blanco, and in our own days almost +we have seen and heard and talked with the invincible knight Don +Belianis of Greece. This, then, sirs, is to be a knight-errant, and +what I have spoken of is the order of his chivalry, of which, as I +have already said, I, though a sinner, have made profession, and +what the aforesaid knights professed that same do I profess, and so +I go through these solitudes and wilds seeking adventures, resolved in +soul to oppose my arm and person to the most perilous that fortune may +offer me in aid of the weak and needy."</p> + +<p>By these words of his the travellers were able to satisfy themselves +of Don Quixote's being out of his senses and of the form of madness +that overmastered him, at which they felt the same astonishment that +all felt on first becoming acquainted with it; and Vivaldo, who was +a person of great shrewdness and of a lively temperament, in order +to beguile the short journey which they said was required to reach the +mountain, the scene of the burial, sought to give him an opportunity +of going on with his absurdities. So he said to him, "It seems to +me, Senor Knight-errant, that your worship has made choice of one of +the most austere professions in the world, and I imagine even that +of the Carthusian monks is not so austere."</p> + +<p>"As austere it may perhaps be," replied our Don Quixote, "but so +necessary for the world I am very much inclined to doubt. For, if +the truth is to be told, the soldier who executes what his captain +orders does no less than the captain himself who gives the order. My +meaning, is, that churchmen in peace and quiet pray to Heaven for +the welfare of the world, but we soldiers and knights carry into +effect what they pray for, defending it with the might of our arms and +the edge of our swords, not under shelter but in the open air, a +target for the intolerable rays of the sun in summer and the +piercing frosts of winter. Thus are we God's ministers on earth and +the arms by which his justice is done therein. And as the business +of war and all that relates and belongs to it cannot be conducted +without exceeding great sweat, toil, and exertion, it follows that +those who make it their profession have undoubtedly more labour than +those who in tranquil peace and quiet are engaged in praying to God to +help the weak. I do not mean to say, nor does it enter into my +thoughts, that the knight-errant's calling is as good as that of the +monk in his cell; I would merely infer from what I endure myself +that it is beyond a doubt a more laborious and a more belaboured +one, a hungrier and thirstier, a wretcheder, raggeder, and lousier; +for there is no reason to doubt that the knights-errant of yore +endured much hardship in the course of their lives. And if some of +them by the might of their arms did rise to be emperors, in faith it +cost them dear in the matter of blood and sweat; and if those who +attained to that rank had not had magicians and sages to help them +they would have been completely baulked in their ambition and +disappointed in their hopes."</p> + +<p>"That is my own opinion," replied the traveller; "but one thing +among many others seems to me very wrong in knights-errant, and that +is that when they find themselves about to engage in some mighty and +perilous adventure in which there is manifest danger of losing their +lives, they never at the moment of engaging in it think of +commending themselves to God, as is the duty of every good Christian +in like peril; instead of which they commend themselves to their +ladies with as much devotion as if these were their gods, a thing +which seems to me to savour somewhat of heathenism."</p> + +<p>"Sir," answered Don Quixote, "that cannot be on any account omitted, +and the knight-errant would be disgraced who acted otherwise: for it +is usual and customary in knight-errantry that the knight-errant, +who on engaging in any great feat of arms has his lady before him, +should turn his eyes towards her softly and lovingly, as though with +them entreating her to favour and protect him in the hazardous venture +he is about to undertake, and even though no one hear him, he is bound +to say certain words between his teeth, commending himself to her with +all his heart, and of this we have innumerable instances in the +histories. Nor is it to be supposed from this that they are to omit +commending themselves to God, for there will be time and opportunity +for doing so while they are engaged in their task."</p> + +<p>"For all that," answered the traveller, "I feel some doubt still, +because often I have read how words will arise between two +knights-errant, and from one thing to another it comes about that +their anger kindles and they wheel their horses round and take a +good stretch of field, and then without any more ado at the top of +their speed they come to the charge, and in mid-career they are wont +to commend themselves to their ladies; and what commonly comes of +the encounter is that one falls over the haunches of his horse pierced +through and through by his antagonist's lance, and as for the other, +it is only by holding on to the mane of his horse that he can help +falling to the ground; but I know not how the dead man had time to +commend himself to God in the course of such rapid work as this; it +would have been better if those words which he spent in commending +himself to his lady in the midst of his career had been devoted to his +duty and obligation as a Christian. Moreover, it is my belief that all +knights-errant have not ladies to commend themselves to, for they +are not all in love."</p> + +<p>"That is impossible," said Don Quixote: "I say it is impossible that +there could be a knight-errant without a lady, because to such it is +as natural and proper to be in love as to the heavens to have stars: +most certainly no history has been seen in which there is to be +found a knight-errant without an amour, and for the simple reason that +without one he would be held no legitimate knight but a bastard, and +one who had gained entrance into the stronghold of the said +knighthood, not by the door, but over the wall like a thief and a +robber."</p> + +<p>"Nevertheless," said the traveller, "if I remember rightly, I +think I have read that Don Galaor, the brother of the valiant Amadis +of Gaul, never had any special lady to whom he might commend +himself, and yet he was not the less esteemed, and was a very stout +and famous knight."</p> + +<p>To which our Don Quixote made answer, "Sir, one solitary swallow +does not make summer; moreover, I know that knight was in secret +very deeply in love; besides which, that way of falling in love with +all that took his fancy was a natural propensity which he could not +control. But, in short, it is very manifest that he had one alone whom +he made mistress of his will, to whom he commended himself very +frequently and very secretly, for he prided himself on being a +reticent knight."</p> + +<p>"Then if it be essential that every knight-errant should be in +love," said the traveller, "it may be fairly supposed that your +worship is so, as you are of the order; and if you do not pride +yourself on being as reticent as Don Galaor, I entreat you as +earnestly as I can, in the name of all this company and in my own, +to inform us of the name, country, rank, and beauty of your lady, +for she will esteem herself fortunate if all the world knows that +she is loved and served by such a knight as your worship seems to be."</p> + +<p>At this Don Quixote heaved a deep sigh and said, "I cannot say +positively whether my sweet enemy is pleased or not that the world +should know I serve her; I can only say in answer to what has been +so courteously asked of me, that her name is Dulcinea, her country +El Toboso, a village of La Mancha, her rank must be at least that of a +princess, since she is my queen and lady, and her beauty superhuman, +since all the impossible and fanciful attributes of beauty which the +poets apply to their ladies are verified in her; for her hairs are +gold, her forehead Elysian fields, her eyebrows rainbows, her eyes +suns, her cheeks roses, her lips coral, her teeth pearls, her neck +alabaster, her bosom marble, her hands ivory, her fairness snow, and +what modesty conceals from sight such, I think and imagine, as +rational reflection can only extol, not compare."</p> + +<p>"We should like to know her lineage, race, and ancestry," said +Vivaldo.</p> + +<p>To which Don Quixote replied, "She is not of the ancient Roman +Curtii, Caii, or Scipios, nor of the modern Colonnas or Orsini, nor of +the Moncadas or Requesenes of Catalonia, nor yet of the Rebellas or +Villanovas of Valencia; Palafoxes, Nuzas, Rocabertis, Corellas, Lunas, +Alagones, Urreas, Foces, or Gurreas of Aragon; Cerdas, Manriques, +Mendozas, or Guzmans of Castile; Alencastros, Pallas, or Meneses of +Portugal; but she is of those of El Toboso of La Mancha, a lineage +that though modern, may furnish a source of gentle blood for the +most illustrious families of the ages that are to come, and this let +none dispute with me save on the condition that Zerbino placed at +the foot of the trophy of Orlando's arms, saying,</p> + +<p>'These let none move + Who dareth not his might with Roland prove.'"</p> + +<p> +"Although mine is of the Cachopins of Laredo," said the traveller, +"I will not venture to compare it with that of El Toboso of La Mancha, +though, to tell the truth, no such surname has until now ever +reached my ears."</p> + +<p>"What!" said Don Quixote, "has that never reached them?"</p> + +<p>The rest of the party went along listening with great attention to +the conversation of the pair, and even the very goatherds and +shepherds perceived how exceedingly out of his wits our Don Quixote +was. Sancho Panza alone thought that what his master said was the +truth, knowing who he was and having known him from his birth; and all +that he felt any difficulty in believing was that about the fair +Dulcinea del Toboso, because neither any such name nor any such +princess had ever come to his knowledge though he lived so close to El +Toboso. They were going along conversing in this way, when they saw +descending a gap between two high mountains some twenty shepherds, all +clad in sheepskins of black wool, and crowned with garlands which, +as afterwards appeared, were, some of them of yew, some of cypress. +Six of the number were carrying a bier covered with a great variety of +flowers and branches, on seeing which one of the goatherds said, +"Those who come there are the bearers of Chrysostom's body, and the +foot of that mountain is the place where he ordered them to bury him." +They therefore made haste to reach the spot, and did so by the time +those who came had laid the bier upon the ground, and four of them +with sharp pickaxes were digging a grave by the side of a hard rock. +They greeted each other courteously, and then Don Quixote and those +who accompanied him turned to examine the bier, and on it, covered +with flowers, they saw a dead body in the dress of a shepherd, to +all appearance of one thirty years of age, and showing even in death +that in life he had been of comely features and gallant bearing. +Around him on the bier itself were laid some books, and several papers +open and folded; and those who were looking on as well as those who +were opening the grave and all the others who were there preserved a +strange silence, until one of those who had borne the body said to +another, "Observe carefully, Ambrosia if this is the place +Chrysostom spoke of, since you are anxious that what he directed in +his will should be so strictly complied with."</p> + +<p>"This is the place," answered Ambrosia "for in it many a time did my +poor friend tell me the story of his hard fortune. Here it was, he +told me, that he saw for the first time that mortal enemy of the human +race, and here, too, for the first time he declared to her his +passion, as honourable as it was devoted, and here it was that at last +Marcela ended by scorning and rejecting him so as to bring the tragedy +of his wretched life to a close; here, in memory of misfortunes so +great, he desired to be laid in the bowels of eternal oblivion." +Then turning to Don Quixote and the travellers he went on to say, +"That body, sirs, on which you are looking with compassionate eyes, +was the abode of a soul on which Heaven bestowed a vast share of its +riches. That is the body of Chrysostom, who was unrivalled in wit, +unequalled in courtesy, unapproached in gentle bearing, a phoenix in +friendship, generous without limit, grave without arrogance, gay +without vulgarity, and, in short, first in all that constitutes +goodness and second to none in all that makes up misfortune. He +loved deeply, he was hated; he adored, he was scorned; he wooed a wild +beast, he pleaded with marble, he pursued the wind, he cried to the +wilderness, he served ingratitude, and for reward was made the prey of +death in the mid-course of life, cut short by a shepherdess whom he +sought to immortalise in the memory of man, as these papers which +you see could fully prove, had he not commanded me to consign them +to the fire after having consigned his body to the earth."</p> + +<p>"You would deal with them more harshly and cruelly than their +owner himself," said Vivaldo, "for it is neither right nor proper to +do the will of one who enjoins what is wholly unreasonable; it would +not have been reasonable in Augustus Caesar had he permitted the +directions left by the divine Mantuan in his will to be carried into +effect. So that, Senor Ambrosia while you consign your friend's body +to the earth, you should not consign his writings to oblivion, for +if he gave the order in bitterness of heart, it is not right that +you should irrationally obey it. On the contrary, by granting life +to those papers, let the cruelty of Marcela live for ever, to serve as +a warning in ages to come to all men to shun and avoid falling into +like danger; or I and all of us who have come here know already the +story of this your love-stricken and heart-broken friend, and we know, +too, your friendship, and the cause of his death, and the directions +he gave at the close of his life; from which sad story may be gathered +how great was the cruelty of Marcela, the love of Chrysostom, and +the loyalty of your friendship, together with the end awaiting those +who pursue rashly the path that insane passion opens to their eyes. +Last night we learned the death of Chrysostom and that he was to be +buried here, and out of curiosity and pity we left our direct road and +resolved to come and see with our eyes that which when heard of had so +moved our compassion, and in consideration of that compassion and +our desire to prove it if we might by condolence, we beg of you, +excellent Ambrosia, or at least I on my own account entreat you, +that instead of burning those papers you allow me to carry away some +of them."</p> + +<p>And without waiting for the shepherd's answer, he stretched out +his hand and took up some of those that were nearest to him; seeing +which Ambrosio said, "Out of courtesy, senor, I will grant your +request as to those you have taken, but it is idle to expect me to +abstain from burning the remainder."</p> + +<p>Vivaldo, who was eager to see what the papers contained, opened +one of them at once, and saw that its title was "Lay of Despair."</p> + +<p>Ambrosio hearing it said, "That is the last paper the unhappy man +wrote; and that you may see, senor, to what an end his misfortunes +brought him, read it so that you may be heard, for you will have +time enough for that while we are waiting for the grave to be dug."</p> + +<p>"I will do so very willingly," said Vivaldo; and as all the +bystanders were equally eager they gathered round him, and he, reading +in a loud voice, found that it ran as follows.</p> + + +<br> +<br><br><br> +<center><a name="c13e"></a><img alt="c13e.jpg (15K)" src="images/c13e.jpg" height="285" width="441"> +</center> + + + +<br> +<br> +<hr> +<br><br> + + + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., +Part 4., by Miguel de Cervantes + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DON QUIXOTE, PART 4 *** + +***** This file should be named 5906-h.htm or 5906-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/5/9/0/5906/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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